Study on incinerating method of leather scraps and recovery of chromium f om incinerated residues. Kakusetsu no nensho hoho no kento narabi ni nensho nokoribun kara no chromium no kaishu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Okamura, H. (Showa Women' s Univ., Tokyo (Japan) Tokyo Toritsu Hikaku Gijutsu Center, Tokyo (Japan)); Imai, T. (Tokyo Toritsu Hikaku Gijutsu Center, Tokyo (Japan))

1991-11-05

In Japan, it is the present situation that most of chromium contained side refuse generated in the leather manufacturing process are treated by means of using them for landfilling or incineration, etc. Even confining to the grownup oxhides and cowhides imported from North America, its total amount is 125,000t in terms of anhydride equivalent, hence it is estimated that about 1.14t of Cr{sub 2}O{sub 3} is discharged in the way mentioned above as a chromium tanning agent. Since Japan imports almost all chromium material from overseas, it is desirable to recover chromium from the above incinerated residues. In this article, based on the study results in the past concerning the recovery of chromium from incineration of leather scraps, an experimental furnace of the retorting two stage incineration system was experimentally built and a wet alkali scrubber and a hot water boiler utilizing combustion exhaust gas heat were installed. And by using them, the fuel condition to reduce the harmful gas component and the removal effect to be made with the scrubber, the chemical composition of the incinerated residues and its utilization, etc. were examined. As a result, by the above system, it was found that chromium could be recovered and reutilized. 9 refs., 6 figs., 6 tabs.

Next-generation coal utilization technology development study. Environmentally-friendly coal combustion technology; topping cycles; Sekitan riyo jisedai gijutsu kaihatsu chosa. Kankyo chowagata sekitan nensho gijutsu bun`ya (topping nensho gijutsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

As a realistic measure to reduce environmental pollutants emitted from coal-fueled boilers, a developmental study was conducted of high-efficient combustion systems. In fiscal 1994, four types of topping cycles which are different in system structure and gasifier type were selected, and topping cycles assuming a 300MW-class power plant were trially designed. Further, an evaluation of adaptability of these systems was made, and an selection of the optimum system for the early development was made among the systems. As a result, the evaluation was obtained that `a system using air blown gasifier` is most suitable for conducting the next-stage research. In the element test on the topping combustion technology, collection was made of data of desulfurization activity, desulfurization oxidation mechanism and alkali metal behavior at the laboratory level, data of temperatures and gas concentration distribution in coal gasification, data of simulation of the gasifier reaction, and the other data. 262 figs., 66 tabs.

Formation of secondary products in water purification. ; Charactarization of chlorination by-products. Josui shori ni okeru fukuseiseibutsu. ; Enso shori ni yoru shodoku fukuseiseibutsu no seisei tokusei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aizawa, T [The Inst. of Public Health, Tokyo (Japan)

1993-12-10

Chlorination of drinking water is an inevitable process for the purification of drinking water. It has been made clear that injected free chlorine reacts with organic matter in water to produce chlorinated by-products. Many of those compounds are toxic, and studies have been made on the international water quality standard. Water quality standard has been revised also in Japan. The sources of organic matter which is the cause for production of chlorinated by-products vary according to the kinds and conditions of the water source for drinking water. Removal of precursors in the original water, removal of by-products, and change in the disinfection system with alternate disinfectant for chlorine are among the measures for decreasing chlorinated by-products at water purification plants, but the first one is employed as the basis method. It is expected that more severe regulation may be imposed on the quality of the water source for drinking water, and more strict oxidation and disinfection systems is inevitable for water management based on the new water quality standard. 10 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.

New concept for low emission diesel combustion. 2nd Report. Combustion improvement by applying EGR and oxygenated fuel; Teikogai diesel engine no nensho concept. EGR, gansanso nenryo ni yoru nensho kaizen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yokota, H.; Nakajima, H.; Kakegawa, T. [Hino Motors, Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1998-05-01

Described herein are performance of a new concept of premixed, multiple injection combustion, in which part of the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber at the early stage and the remainder is injected in the ordinary manner, and characteristics of the exhaust gases. Also described are the effects of EGR and oxygenated fuel on reduced HC emissions and fuel consumption. The ordinary premixed, multiple injection combustion system has problems related to fuel efficiency, and HC and particulate missions. When combined with an EGR system, this system reduces HC emissions to one-third. MTBE shows an effect of improving fuel efficiency, when mixed with diesel fuel. No particulate matter is exhausted and fuel efficiency is improved by 6%, when MTBE is present in the fuel at 30% by weight. The pre-mixture is less homogeneous in the absence of EGR and oxygenated fuel, producing a luminous flame observed in the fuel-rich region. No such a flame is observed, when MTBE is added to the fuel and suction air temperature is increased to the level corresponding to that associated with EGR, conceivably resulting from increased suction air temperature and lower boiling point of MTBE, which together make the pre-mixture leaner and more homogeneous. 7 refs., 9 figs., 2 tabs.

Earth-friendly refuse processing. Chikyu kankyo wo kangaeta gomi shori gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nishigaki, M. (Takuma Co. Ltd., Osaka (Japan))

1994-06-15

This paper contains six articles: (1) Earth-friendly Garbage Disposal, (2) Erasable Copy Machine, (3) Making Plastics from Shell of Crustacean, (4) From Garbage into Petroleum, (5) Utilization of Sewage Sludge for a Recycle-type Society, and (6) FRP Boat Disposal Technology. All articles address the latest topics about disposal of wastes and garbage that have been attracting general attention in environmental issues. The article (1) presents the latest waste incineration technology, garbage power generation, and disposal and utilization of incineration residues. The article (2) is about a prototype of the copy paper regeneration device (toner remover) developed and produced by Ricoh Co., Ltd. The article (3) describes biodegradable plastics using chitin and chitosan that can be acquired from shell of crustacean. The article (4) describes how to extract oil or gas from plastic waste through its thermal decomposition. The article (5) presents volume reduction and utilization of sewage sludge. The article (6) presents disassembling and disposing waste plastic boats that have been rapidly increasing. 8 refs., 27 figs.

Next-generation coal utilization technology development study. Environmentally-friendly coal combustion technology; O2/CO2 combustion technology; Sekitan riyo jisedai gijutsu kaihatsu chosa. Kankyo chowagata sekitan nensho gijutsu (sanso nensho gijutsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

For the purpose of developing combustion systems in which environmental pollutants are less emitted from coal-fired boilers, conducted in fiscal 1994 were a study of load followability of oxygen producing equipment, and element and basic tests on oxygen combustion systems. Dynamic simulations were made to confirm load followability of low-purity oxygen producing equipment. Further, a test was made on starting time of oxygen producing equipment. As a result of the simulation, favorable load followability was confirmed except for some of the process. The width of variation of the product oxygen purity was {plus_minus} 0.7% at maximum. In the element test on oxygen combustion systems, an experiment on the oxygen combustion using pulverized coal was conducted to study heat collection characteristics of furnace and response to multi-kind of coal. A study of balance of S content, experiments on characteristics of crushing/transporting pulverized coal, etc. were added. There were seen no peculiar differences in CO2 transport and air transport. 216 figs., 31 tabs.

Fundamental combustion characteristics of lean hydrogen mixtures; Suiso kihaku kongoki no kisoteki nensho tokusei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barat, D; Kido, H; Nakahara, M; Hashimoto, J [Kyushu University, Fukuoka (Japan)

1997-10-01

One of the excellent combustion characteristics of hydrogen-air mixture is that its emission is free of CO2, but the problem of NOx remains, mainly caused by the high combustion temperature. Using leaner mixture and carrying out EGR are supposed to be effective methods to reduce NOx. In this study, to examine the effectiveness of the two methods, fundamental combustion characteristics of nitrogen added lean hydrogen mixtures were investigated by chemical equilibrium calculations and measurements of turbulent combustion characteristics. It is suggested that nitrogen added mixtures can achieve lower NOx combustion than lean mixtures, taking the combustion efficiency into consideration. 7 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.

Sewage disposal using anaerobic membrane reactor. Kenkiseimaku reactor ni yoru gesui shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fujita, Y. (Dic-Degremont Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan))

1991-11-01

Discussions were given on a small-scale sewage disposal of about bod 200 mg/l, for which no many examples of use have been hitherto available, using a system combining an anaerobic reactor and membrane modules. Experiments had been carried out from 1988 through 1990 as a part of the Aqua-Renaissance Project. The test equipment wza installed in the premises of the Chigasaki Coastal Research Facilities operated by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry, which used sewage flowing from the adjoining sewage treatment plant for the southern area of the Fujisawa City. The test facility consisted of a system comprising a pretreatment facility, SS decomposing reactor, fluid-bed reactor, separation membrane modules, nitrogen removing facility and micro-organism activity measurement. The test facility was constucted assuming a treatment of 10 m{sup 3} a day. The system was divided into a composite system, A system and B system to operate the system in simplified flows. As a result of comparing the composite system, A system and B system, it was found that B system can deal with wider range of disposal for a small-scale sewage treatment of about 1000 m{sup 3} a day. 6 refs., 14 figs., 3 tabs.

Portable remote sensing image processing system; Kahangata remote sensing gazo shori system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fujikawa, S; Uchida, K; Tanaka, S; Jingo, H [Dowa Engineering Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan); Hato, M [Earth Remote Sensing Data Analysis Center, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-10-22

Recently, geological analysis using remote sensing data has been put into practice due to data with high spectral resolution and high spatial resolution. There has been a remarkable increase in both software and hardware of personal computer. Software is independent of hardware due to Windows. It has become easy to develop softwares. Under such situation, a portable remote sensing image processing system coping with Window 95 has been developed. Using this system, basic image processing can be conducted, and present location can be displayed on the image in real time by linking with GPS. Accordingly, it is not required to bring printed images for the field works of image processing. This system can be used instead of topographic maps for overseas surveys. Microsoft Visual C++ ver. 2.0 is used for the software. 1 fig.

Wastes disposal on board a ship. Crushing and volume reducing apparatus for combustible and non-combustible refuses; Senjo no haikibutsu shori. Kanen funen gomi no hasai gen`yo shori sochi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kishida, Y. [Hitachi Zosen Corp., Osaka (Japan)

1996-07-25

This paper introduces a refuse crushing apparatus to reduce for storage the volume of refuses produced on board a ship by crushing. Refuses to be crushed are solid wastes including solid combustible refuses such as paper, wood pieces, and cloths, non-combustible refuses such as empty cans, metals and glass, and refuses unsuitable for combustion, such as plastics and stylofoam. Crushing methods include impact system, compression system and shearing system. The shearing system shears and crushes refuses by using blades rotating at a low speed. The system has a wide range of crush ability and excellent versatility, generates low levels of dust, noise and vibration, and is suitable as a marine use refuse disposing apparatus. However, empty cans and PET bottles are more difficult of getting into cutting blades requiring a large amount of time for crushing. Therefore, it is more suitable to reduce volume of refuses by using a compressor or the like apparatuses, and then crush them by using a double-axial shearing crusher. Stylofoam causes its crushed pieces to be electrically charged and deposited onto the apparatus, hence it is more suitable to reduce the volume of refuses and make them brittle by heating, and then crush them by using the double-axial crusher. 2 figs.

Electrode of solid state polymer electrolyte type electrochemical cell; Kobunshi kotai denkaisitsugata denki kagaku seru yo denkyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Watanabe, M [Yamanashi, (Japan); Inoue, M [Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-04-12

The solid state polymer electrolyte type electrochemical cell (PEMFC) has such problem that the gas diffusion from the resin surface to the catalyst surface is prevented when the coating thickness of cation exchange resin on the catalyst particle and the number of micropores which conduct the gas flow in the catalyst layer are reduced. Resultingly, a sufficiently large current cannot be taken out of the cell. This invention solves the problem. The catalyst layer of electrode of PEMFC consists of a mixture of the conductive catalyst carrier coated with cation exchange resin and the conductive carrier coated with fluorinated hydrocarbon polymer. Adding the water repellent material to the electrode in this way improves the air-passing porosity. As for the cation exchange resin, perfluorocarbon sulfonate or perfluorocarbon carboxylate can be used. For the fluorinated hydrocarbon polymer, fluorinated polyethylene is preferably used. 4 figs., 2 tabs.

Treatment of hexavalent chrome by bacteria. Saikin ni yoru rokka kuromu no shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Otake, H [Hiroshima University, Hiroshima (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1993-08-01

A biological reduction method in which hazardous hexavalent chrome is reduced by bacteria is explained as one of the bioremediation technologies. Those bacteria are separated from active sludge in the urban sewage treatment plant. The hexavalent chrome-reducing bacteria were isolated by cultivating the sludge. They were Enterobacter cloacae which are intestinal bacteria. Then, they were named HO1 stock. As a result of analyzing the reduction mechanism, it was made clear that the function is localized in the cellular endosporium and that the reduction is made by utilizing the electronic transfer system of endosporium. Under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, they convert the hexavalent chrome into the trivalent chrome outside the cells. As a result of test, it was known that 5mM hexavalent chrome can be treated in one day. A quick reduction was confirmed also through an experiment in which carbon source was added to the industrial wastewater. If used for the treatment of sludge/water contaminated by hexavalent chrome, the present reduction by bacteria has the following advantages: The highest reduction rate is given near pH=7 at ordinary temperatures. It is not necessary to add chemicals. Energy is not needed. It is a disadvantageous fact that the present bacteria, if exposed to oxygen, become inactive. 18 refs., 5 figs.

Waste treatment of ships. Change in understanding of wastes and trend of waste treatment systems; Senjo no haikibutsu shori. 1. Haikibutsu ni taisuru ninshiki no henka to shori hoshiki no doko

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Inatomi, M. [Hitachi Zosen Corp., Osaka (Japan)

1996-07-25

This paper explains treatment of wastes produced in ships. Wastes produced in ships should be essentially treated on ships. Since storage and transport of difficult-to-treat wastes to harbor for land treatment is expensive, wastes produced in ships are treated on ships as much as possible. Combustibles such as waste oil, plastics, paper and wood fiber waste are treated by incinerator. Food waste is dumped into the sea after crushing by disposer. Excrement and urine are dumped into the sea through a waste water treatment plant. Oil content in oily bilge is burned after heating and vapor separation. Food waste is temporarily stored in ships because its dumping along the coast and into harbor is impossible. Kitchen refuse decomposer utilizing bacteria was proposed for ships. Press for used cans and crushing/thermal compaction/storage equipment for plastics were also put on the market. The primary regulation on diesel engine exhaust gas may be cleared by improvement of engine bodies. 1 ref., 1 fig., 1 tab.

Seismic imaging of complex subsurface in areas with rugged topography and crooked-line geometries. 1. Time migration and dipmoveout; Rikujo nanchiiki data ni kansuru imaging shori no mondaiten. 1. Jikan ryoiki shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Age, S; Ota, Y [Japex Jeoscience Institute, Tokyo (Japan); Matsuoka, T [Japan Petroleum Exploration Corp., Tokyo (Japan); Minegishi, M [Japan National Oil Corp., Tokyo (Japan). Technology Research Center

1997-10-22

Concerning the analysis of data from seismic reflection survey, time migration and DMO treatment are discussed. As a tool for dealing with irregular changes in elevation, a technique is developed that can define the local reference level working effectively in the Kirchhoff-type treatment. In this technique, for each migration or dipmovement trace outputted, processing is repeatedly performed for imaging and local reference level. In dealing with the curvature of a traverse line, a 3-dimensional DMO treatment with cross-dip correction is performed, for the development of a method for simultaneously applying projection and accumulation to stacked traverse lines. A migration projection plane is set separately from the CMP traverse line, and this enables a quasi-3-dimensional treatment approximately corresponding to the curvature of the traverse line. A technique to respond to irregular shock points is discussed, in which input traces corrected by NMO having uniform amplitude distribution are presumed, DMO treatment is conducted for each irregular shock point, and the results are used as a normalization factor usable in the process of real DMO stacking. 6 refs., 2 figs.

Study of the O2/CO2 combustion technology; Sanso nensho gijutsu ni kakawaru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kato, M [Center for Coal Utilization, Japan, Tokyo (Japan); Kiga, T; Yamada, T [Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan); Arai, K [Nippon Sanso K.K., Tokyo (Japan); Mori, T [Inst. of Research and Innovation, Tokyo (Japan); Kimura, N; Okawa, M [Electric Power Development Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1996-09-01

This study is being progressed during a period from 1992 to 1999 as part of the NEDO`s clean coal technology program. This paper describes what has been discussed to date. The absorption method and the adsorption method may be used to recover CO2 as means to deal with the problem of global warming resulted from burning coals. These methods, however, have problems in economy caused from concentration of CO2 in flue gas being low. The present study is intended to raise the CO2 concentration in flue gas by using oxygen plus circulated flue gas in the place of combustion air, so that CO2 may be recovered as it is without being separated from the flue gas. Therefore, an oxygen-blown pulverized coal fired power generation plant having a cryogenic oxygen manufacturing equipment was designed to discuss the plant operability and economy, and the pulverized coal combustion technology by using a dynamic simulation. A large number of findings have been obtained already, and the study has reached a level at which grasping the whole image is now possible. 13 figs.

Upgrading of brown coal by slurry-dewatering; Kattan no yuchu dassui ni yoru clean kotai nenryo no seizo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Okuma, O.; Shimizu, T.; Inoue, T.; Shigehisa, T.; Deguchi, T.; Katsushima, S. [Kobe Steel, Ltd., Kobe (Japan)

1996-10-28

This paper describes an outline of solid fuel production process from brown coal and the investigation results of its elemental techniques. Dried coal is produced by this process which consists of a dewatering of crushed brown coal in oil-based solvent, a solid and liquid separation of slurry, and a remained oil recovery by heating. This process is characterized by the higher thermal efficiency compared with usual drying and the restraint of spontaneous combustion of product coal. It was revealed that solid fuel with low moisture, low ash, low sulfur, and suppressed spontaneous combustion property can be produced from Australian brown coal through this process. From the comparison between kerosene and fuel oil A, it was confirmed that the oil content during dewatering was smaller and the oil recovery by heating was easier by using a solvent with lower boiling point. It was also confirmed that the spontaneous combustion property can be suppressed using small amount of asphalt by solving asphalt in the solvent and adsorbing asphalt on the surface of brown coal. From these results, low rank coals including brown coal, which are difficult to use, are expected to be used as clean coal with low ash and low sulfur through this process. 2 refs., 7 figs., 2 tabs.

Diode laser pumped solid state laser. Part IV. ; Noise analysis. Handotai laser reiki kotai laser. 4. ; Noise kaiseki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sakurai, H.; Seno, T.; Tanabe, Y. (Asahi Glass Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan))

1991-06-10

Concerning the second harmonic generation(SHG) of diode laser pumped solid state laser using a nonlinear optical material, the researches are carried out to pracitically apply to the optical pickup. Therefore, the reduction of output optical noise has become the important researching subject. The theoretical and experimental analyses of noise generating mechanism were carried out for the system in which Nd;YAG as the laser diode and KTP (KTiOPO {sub 4}) as the nonlinear optical crystal were used. The following findings for the noise generating mechanism could be obtained: The competitive interaction between the polarization modes was dominant noise mechanism in the high frequency range from 1 to 20MHz and the noise could be removed sufficiently by using the QWP(quarter wave plate). On the other hand, the noise observed in the low frequency range from 100 to 200kHz depended on the resonance length, agreed qualitatively with the theoretical analysis of the noise to the competitive longitudinal modes and agreed quantitatively with the noise generating frequency range. 10 refs., 13 figs., 1 tab.

Global sea level change and the response of solid earth; Kaisuijun hendo ni taisuru kotai chikyu no yakuwari

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Murakami, Y. [Geological Survey of Japan, Tsukuba (Japan)

1997-05-27

A review was given on the theory that sea level change having occurred in the past 20,000 years has given a great impact on patterns of upheaval and subsidence of the islands of Japan. Nakada has summarized distribution of underwater remains in the western part of Kyushu and estimated values of sea surface altitude in 6000 years ago, and used this conceptional chart to propose a crust upheaval mechanism by using hydroisostasy. More specifically, this is a model that crust which has subsided due to rise in the sea level has created flows of mantle, causing upheaval of the crust in land areas. This viewpoint requires further accumulation of data and verification of the theory in areas other than the western part of Kyushu. It is important to consider the effect of sea level change also in studying processes of subsidence and sedimentation in sedimentary basins including Osaka Bay. The currently available theories use analysis solutions on stratified ground, but does not consider topographical profiles from land areas to sea areas. As this topographical effect is thought extremely important, it is necessary to develop a two-dimensional cross section analyzing method by using the finite element method. 6 refs., 3 figs.

Relationship between stacking process and resolution; Jugo shori to bunkaino ni kansuru kiso kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Matsushima, J; Rokugawa, S; Kato, Y [Geological Survey of Japan, Tsukuba (Japan); Yokota, T; Miyazaki, T [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1996-10-01

This paper evaluates influences of stacking of incident angles against the reflecting surface on the resolution. Basic equations for evaluating the influences were deduced. A simple evaluation method has been provided using these equations. The present evaluation method is considered to be useful for acquisition design, processing, and interpretation of data as an indicator. According to the equations introduced in this study, there are some demerits for stacking traces whose incident angles were large. A total reflection region often appears due to the decreased resolution, and the vertical resolution decreases prior to stacking. Occasionally, it is not effective to remove traces having large incident angles from the viewpoint of resolution. In practice, the selection of most suitable trace through trial and error is not easy due to difference in individual regions. An evaluation method must be discussed, by which the optimal trace can be selected automatically during the data processing. 6 refs., 15 figs.

Treatment of hydrogen storage alloy for battery; Denchiyo suiso kyuzo gokin no shori hoho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nagata, T.; Negi, N.; Kaminaka, Takeshita, Y.

1997-03-28

At present, Ni-Cd battery is mainly used for the power source of portable AV devices and back-up power source of computer memory. From an environmental point of view, however, Ni-hydrogen battery in which hydrogen storage alloy is used instead of Cd as for the negative electrode has been developed. The productivity of Ni-hydrogen battery is not so high because it takes a very long time to activate the battery after it is assembled. This invention solves the problem. According to the invention, the hydrogen storage alloy containing Ni is immersed in a non-oxidizing acid aqueous solution containing dissolved oxygen by 1 mg/L or less. If a large amount of dissolved oxygen is contained in the acid solution, metal appearing on the surface of alloy by the acid treatment is directly combined with the dissolved oxygen, resulting in the re-formation of metal oxide. So that the effect of oxide removal by the acid treatment is reduced. Using the treated hydrogen storage alloy in the Ni-hydrogen battery makes it possible to produce the battery which has a high initial activity and a good storage property with less self-discharge. 2 tabs.

Leading research on brain functional information processing; No kino joho shori no sendo kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

This research aims at searching the concept of an information processing device with a fully different architecture from a previous ones based on the study on human brain function, sense and perception, and developing the basic fabrication technology for such system, and realizing the human-like information processing mechanism of memorization, learning, association, perception, intuition and value judgement. As an approach deriving biological and technological models from experimental brain studies, the model was derived from the brain functional information processing based on brain development/differentiation mechanism, the control mechanism/material of brain activities, and the knowledge obtained from brain measurement and study. In addition, for understanding a brain oscillation phenomenon by computational neuroscience, the cerebral cortex neural network model composed of realistic neuron models was proposed. Evaluation of the previous large-scale neural network chip system showed its ability of learning and fast processing, however, the next-generation brain computer requires further R and D of some novel architecture, device and system. 184 refs., 41 figs., 2 tabs.

Introductory study of brain function data processing; No kino joho shori no sendo kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

An investigational study was conducted of the brain function aiming at developing an interface with the same function as humans have. In the study, the most up-to-date information/knowledge and future problems were examined on brain measurement, brain modeling, making a model an element, and the brain function data processing system. As to the brain measurement, the paper took up the multielectrode simultaneous measuring method and the optical multipoint measuring method as an invasive measuring method, and the functional magnetic resonance imaging, near-infrared spectroscopy, magneto-encephalography, and electro-encephalography as a non-invasive measuring method. Relating to the brain modeling, studies were made on senses of sight and smell, the movement control and the learning. As to making a model an element, how to make the modeled function a chip on silicone for example becomes the problem. Reported were two reports on making the sense of sight an element and one report on making the parallel dispersed processing mechanism of brain an element. About the brain function data processing system, three reports were made on the present situation, matters in question, and the future development of the system in the case of catching data processing as a system taking a step ahead from making the model an element. 250 refs., 74 figs., 11 tabs.

Formation of secondary products in water purification. ; Toxicological evaluation of mutagenic chlorination by-products during drinking water treatment. Josui shori ni okeru fukuseiseibutsu. ; Josui shori ni okeru hen'i genseibusshitsu no dokusei hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakamuro, K [Setsunan Univ., Osaka (Japan). Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Sayato, Y [Setsunan Univ., Osaka (Japan)

1993-12-10

The biological effects of acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, carcinogenicity, etc. of chlorination by-products detected in drinking water in Japan are discussed. The biological effects of representative chlorination by-products such as trihalomethane, haloacetic acid, haloaldehyde, haloacetonitrile, chlorophenol, chloropicrin, etc. as well as the evaluation of mutagenicity in drinking water purification process, for which Ames Salmonella/microsome assay is used for safety evaluation of drinking water, are discussed. The extent of the contribution of mutagenicity of chlorination disinfection by-products to the mutagenicity of drinking water is investigated. It must be admitted that biological evaluation of the safety of water quality is impossible currently by using only the known chemical substances contained in drinking water. The effects of chlorination and ozone treatment which are often applied to drinking water treatment are different each other. 58 refs., 1 fig., 4 tabs.

FY 1974 report. Study on hydrogen combustion technology; 1974 nendo suiso nensho gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1975-03-01

In the use of hydrogen as fuel, there is the problem on NOx emission. The amount of NOx emission is not as much as in the use of coal or oil, but is more than in the use of natural gas or town gas. However, it can be said that hydrogen is an ideal fuel if considered that it does not emit other air pollutants such as CO, HC and soot/dust which are usually associated with hydrocarbon base gas fuels, and also that hydrogen forms a circulation system which is ecologically sound. The flame of hydrogen is non-luminous, but the flame temperature is high. The formation of NOx depends strongly upon the flame temperature, and therefore, in the design of hydrogen burner, it is necessary to well mix it with air and to avoid the production of the local high temperature region. Further, when using hydrogen to large boiler, the combustion technology to control NOx reduction is needed. About the hydrogen flame, the matter to be noticed is an experimental result that NOx reduction was observed by adding trace ammonia to hydrogen gas. If this method can be successful, NOx can be reduced with no increase in fuel consumption. It leads to hydrogen's reaching a position of clean energy. (NEDO)

Smoke reduction using multiple stage diesel combustion; Nidan nensho ni yoru diesel kikan no smoke teigen koka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tsujimura, K. [Chiba Institute of Technology, Chiba (Japan); Hashizume, T.; Miyamoto, T.; Akagawa, H.

1999-09-25

A new diesel combustion concept termed MULDIC (MULtiple stage Diesel Combustion), which can reduce NO{sub x} emissions at high load conditions, was studied by means of engine test, combustion observation and numerical simulation. The engine test showed that simultaneous reduction of NO{sub x} and smoke could be obtained with MULDIC operation. In-cylinder combustion observation was carried out in order to clarify the cause of the smoke reduction of the MULDIC. In these photographs, a first stage combustion sins observed with nonluminous flame. In a second stage combustion, a highly sooting luminous flame was observed because the ignition delay was short. However this luminous flame disappeared quickly. Computational results showed that, oxygen is distributed evenly in the cylinder in later portion of the second stage combustion. Moreover, since cylinder temperature was very high, most of the soot oxidized rapidly. Thus, low smoke combustion was obtained. (author)

Cycle-to-cycle fluctuation of combustion in a spark-ignition engine; Hibana tenka engine no nensho hendo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hamamoto, Y; Yoshiyama, S; Tomita, E; Hamagami, T [Okayama University, Okayama (Japan); Otsubo, H [Yammer Diesel Engine Co. Ltd. Tokyo (Japan)

1997-10-01

In a homogeneous charge spark-ignition engine, the duration of early stage of combustion is a dominant factor for determining the fluctuation of mean effective pressure. And the early stage of combustion varies with the equivalence ratio and turbulence characteristics of the mixture. In this study, the fluctuations of 1% combustion duration and indicated mean effective pressure Pmi were computed as the function of fluctuations both in the equivalence ratio {phi} of the mixture and in the turbulence characteristics of the cylinder charge. And effects of the spark timing {theta}ig and {phi} on the cycle-to-cycle fluctuation in Pmi were investigated. 16 refs., 6 figs.

Treatment method of hydrogen storage alloy for battery; Denchiyo suiso kyuzo gokin no shori hoho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Negi, Y.; Kaminaka, H.; Nagata, T.; Takeshita, Y.

1997-04-04

A nickel-hydrogen battery using a hydrogen storage alloy takes considerably long time for the initial activation treatment after the assembly of the battery. In this invention, a hydrogen storage alloy containing nickel is immersed in an aqueous acid solution or an aqueous alkaline solution and washed with a solution containing a complexing agent to form a nickel complex by a reaction with Ni(OH)2 in a concentration of 10{sup -6} to 10{sup -1} followed by washing with water. By using this method, hydroxides, particularly, Ni(OH)2 deposited on the alloy surface on the treatment of the hydrogen storage alloy with aqueous acid or alkaline solution can be removed efficiently to afford the hydrogen storage alloy with a high initial activity. The hydrogen storage alloy which is the object of this treatment method is AB5 type and AB2 type alloy used for a nickel-hydrogen battery and an alloy composed of nickel is particularly preferable. The complexing agent is selected from ammonia, ethylenediamine and cyanides. 2 figs., 6 tabs.

Heightening in efficiency of biological treatment by additives. Tenkazai ni yoru seibutsu shori no koritsuka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ishikawa, M. (Fukui Institute of Technology, Fukui (Japan))

1991-11-01

The activated sludge process and other biological treatments, though utilized for most sewerage and drainage water disposals, often necessitate the maintenance to be managed with a professional knowledge so that confrontation is oftem impossible with trouble in management. In the present report, different basic studies are to be introduced of microbial activation by an addition with saponin. Saponin'', etymologically identical with savon'' and soap'', has been being used as natural cleaner, emulsifier and foamer in South America and Europe since olden times, and is used also for the processed food and potable water in the USA. The present experiment concluded that, in case of using it as microbial activator, the activated sludge can be considerably increased in load quantity of disposal by the heightening in oxygen-supplying power, high concentration microbial maintenance, microbial activation, etc. In the future, there will remain many problems unsolved such as what is the optimized condition for the addition depending upon the condition of base material. 3 refs., 6 figs., 1 tab.

Alternative disinfection technology for water purification systems; Josui shori ni okeru enso daitai shodoku gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aizawa, T. [The Institute of Public Health, Tokyo (Japan)

1998-09-10

This paper describes chlorination substituting disinfection technologies used in water purification systems. Chloramine treatment is regarded as effective in reducing trihalomethane (THM). Chlorine is injected in the initial stage in the form of free chlorine to disinfect pathogenic microorganisms in a short time, which is then added with ammonia to convert it into chloramine for further utilization. Chlorine dioxide has not been used in Japan, but introduced in Europe and America to treat THM. Ozone has the strongest oxidizing power, and is used for disinfection, virus inactivation, decomposition of THM precursors, and removal of fungus odor. The ozone treatment will produce aldehyde if an organic matter is present, but aldehyde can be removed by treatment using organismic activated carbon. Ultraviolet ray treatment has an advantage of being difficult of producing byproducts. This system was experimentally compared with free chlorine treatment on disinfection effect, mutagenicity, suppression of producing THM byproducts, and odor removal. In order to assure reliability of microorganismic and chemical safety in tap water supply systems, assurance by considering the entire system is important, not only by operating the disinfection units, but also combining such physical water purifying technologies as coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and membrane treatment. The use of chlorine substituting disinfectants is also a part of the conception. 6 refs., 8 figs., 5 tabs.

3D pre-stack time migration; Kiruhihoffuho ni yoru sanjigen jugo mae jikan migration shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakajima, Y; Matsuoka, T [Japan Petroleum Exploration Corp., Tokyo (Japan); Tsuru, T [Japan National Oil Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-05-27

This paper reports pre-stack migration in elastic wave exploration as to its algorithm and examples of processed data. The time migration processing hypothesizes that seismic waves propagate linearly. It calculates travel time by dividing the sum of the straight distance from a vibration transmitting point to an image point and the straight distance from the image point to a vibration receiving point with RMS velocity given as a parameter. To maintain the relative relation of amplitude sizes, the signal on an elliptic body is made smaller in inverse proportion to the size of that elliptic body. With regard to apparent interval of input trace as seen from the reflection surface, or with regard to density, the signal is made smaller by cos{theta} times. While this program deals with three-dimensional migration, its output turns out as an arbitrary two-dimensional plane. The program requires a huge amount of data processing, whereas a method is used, that the input trace is divided, each group is processed by using separate computers, and the results are summed up. 3 refs., 4 figs.

Hydrogen utilization international clean energy system (WE-NET). Subtask 8. Development of hydrogen combustion turbines (development of combustion control technology); Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system (WE-NET). Subtask 8. Suiso nensho turbine no kaihatsu nensho seigyo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The paper described the fiscal 1996 developmental results of hydrogen burning turbine combustion technology in the hydrogen utilization international clean energy system (WE-NET) project. A test was conducted on an annular type combustor where oxygen is mixed with steam (inert gas) at burner and fired with hydrogen. Appropriate flame shape and cooling/dilution vapor distribution were attempted, and various data on combustion were measured for improvement. Mixture and flame holding were improved by developing a can type combustor (1) where oxygen is diluted with steam after firing oxygen and hydrogen around burner and by strengthening circulation in the combustor. Improvement such as appropriate steam distribution, etc. is needed. A can type combustor (2) was tested in which the premixed oxygen and hydrogen is supplied from scoop and fired with hydrogen. By supplying part of oxygen from the primary scoop, the residual hydrogen and oxygen concentration around the stoichiometric ratio can be reduced. Concentration of the residual oxygen can be measured by the absorption light method, but it is difficult to adopt the non-contact measuring method to hydrogen. An outlook for the gas temperature measuring method was obtained. 12 refs., 121 figs., 27 tabs.

Investigation of iron current measurement to detect combustion quality; Ion denryu ni yoru nensho jotai kenshutsu no kento

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakata, K; Mogi, K [Toyota Motor Corp., Aichi (Japan)

1997-10-01

The possibility and problems were investigated in detecting the combustion quality by means of ion current measured at the spark plug. The ion current has two peaks during one combustion stroke; first peak is generated by flame around the spark plug just after ignition and second one appears with the rise in temperature of burned gases. As the result of investigations, it was confirmed that the first ion peak might be useful to forecast the combustion quality, but it would be hard to practice owing to the spark duration. And the second peak offered the information of combustion chamber pressure. 4 refs., 12 figs., 1 tab.

Diode-pumped solid state laser. (Part V). ; Short pulse laser oscillation. Handotai laser reiki kotai laser. 5. ; Tan pulse hasshin

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kuwabara, M.; Bando, N. (Asahi Glass Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan))

1991-12-25

A semiconductor laser (LD) excited solid state laser using an LD as an excited light source is under discussion for its practical applications to measurements, processing, communications, office automation, and medical areas. This paper describes the discussions given on the short pulse transmission using AOQ switching elements in the LD excited solid state laser with a long wave length band (1.3{mu}m), which is expected of its application in the communications and measurements area. Based on a possibility of raising a measurements resolution by making the pluses in the LD excited solid state laser, and experiments were performed using Nd:YLF as a laser host. as a results, it was found that the smaller the effective mode volume V {sub eff},the smaller the pulse width, and that the ratio of number of initial inversion distribution (N{sub i}/N{sub t}), an important parameter to determine pulse widths, can be obtained from the ratio of the LD exciting light to the input power (P{sub in}/P{sub t}). 7 refs., 14 figs., 2 tabs.

Electrochemical treatment of organic wastewater with high salt content. Ko enbun yuki haisui no denkai shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wada, Hideo; Kitamura, Takao; Kato, Shunsaku; Oyashiki, Satoru (Goverment Industrial Research Inst. Shikoku, Takamatsu, (Japan) Toyo Engineering Work Ltd., Tokyo, (Japan))

1990-01-31

Wastewater containing organic pollutants is generally treated by the biological methods like the activated sludge process, etc. But these biological methods are not necessarily applied to the wastewater with high salt content generated at pickles making plants, etc.. In this report, with the objective of application of the electrolytic oxidation treatment to the organic wastewater with high salt content of pickles making plants, the effects of such conditions as pH, temperature and current, etc. on the treatment rate and treatment efficiency were examined, furthermore, the treatment process was simulated on the basis of a simple reaction model, and its simulation results were compared for study with the experimental results. The results are shown below: No effect of pH was observed, hence no pH control is required; The higher temperature of the wastewater accelerates the treatment rate; It was considered that in high temperature, a loss due to autolysis of hypochlorous acid increases, but the current efficiency of generating hypochlorous acid increases too and since the latter effect is bigger, the above phenomenon occurs. The current has a small effect on the treatment efficiency. With the simple reaction model, the change of residual chlorine concentration, etc. with time can be reproduced semiquantitatively. 7 refs., 6 figs.

Data processing for the mise-a-la-masse survey; Ryuden den`iho tansa no data shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hashimoto, K; Mizunaga, H; Ushijima, K [Kyushu University, Fukuoka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering; Kaieda, H [Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-10-01

Data processing method was studied for mise-a-la-masse survey. Mise-a-la-masse method using wells as current sources measures resultant ground surface potential difference, and detects underground local resistivity anomaly. To extract resistivity anomaly largely different from surroundings, the anomaly is extracted as difference between the estimated value of regular resistivity structure (background) and potential difference or apparent resistivity. The following three approximations were attempted to estimate the background: the theoretical equation assuming isotropic homogeneous resistivity structure, that assuming horizontal multi-layered structure and the exponential function of distance from linear electrode for apparent resistivity, and these were compared with each other by numerical model experiment. The data processing method which determines the resistivity structure of the background and the residual of apparent resistivity distribution by inversion analysis using the above second equation, could precisely extract local resistivity anomaly, and estimate the depth distribution of resistivity. 5 refs., 10 figs., 2 tabs.

Air to fuel ratio sensor for internal combustion engine control system; Nainen kikan no nensho seigyoyo kunen hi sensor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tsuzuki, M.; Kawai, T.; Yamada, T.; Nishio [NGK Spark Plug Co. Ltd., Aichi (Japan)

1998-06-01

Air to fuel ratio sensor is used for emission control system of three-way catalyst, and constitutes the important functional part of combustion control system. For further precise combustion control application, universal air to fuel ratio heated exhaust gas oxygen sensor (UEGO sensor) has been developed. This paper introduces heater control system for constant element temperature of UEGO sensor. By the heater wattage feedback control of sensing cell impedance, the change of sensor element temperature is decreased. 9 refs., 13 figs.

Structural changes in deashed coals induced by heat treatment; Kanetsu shori ni yoru dakkaitan no kozo henka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sugano, M.; Sekita, M.; Muramatsu, Y.; Mashimo, K.; Wainai, T. [Nihon University, Tokyo (Japan). College of Science and Technology

1996-10-28

Change in structures of 3 kinds of coals with different coal ranks and their deashed coals was studied by heat treatment below 200{degree}C. In experiment, crushed Adaro, Taiheiyo and Huaibei coals below 200mesh and their deashed coals were used as specimens. The coal and deashed coal specimens dried in vacuum at 110{degree}C for 3 hours were filled into an autoclave, and the heat-treated coal specimens were prepared by holding them under initial nitrogen pressure of 2kg/cm{sup 2} at a fixed temperature for 30min. Extraction using pyridine as solvent, volumetric swelling using methanol or benzene as solvent, and measurement of the amount of carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl functional groups were conducted for these coal specimens. The experimental results are as follows. Huaibei coal has developed aromatic ring structure, and its structure is hardly affected by heat treatment. The oxygen containing functional groups decrease by heat treatment over 100{degree}C in Adaro coal and 150{degree}C in Taiheiyo coal, and PS, MQ and BQ also decrease due to aggregation between molecules. 5 refs., 2 figs.

Treatability evaluation of membrane technique by virus. Maku shori ni okeru shorisei hyoka to shite no virus

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yano, K. (Tokyo Metropolitan Research Lab. of Public Health, Tokyo (Japan))

1990-08-10

Concerning a high level treating method of regeneration of sewage water, there are methods of coagulation/precipitation, sand filtering and ozone treatment in addition to the conventional active sludge method. However, none of these methods are perfect from the viewpoint of virus. A film treating method to remove micro-organisms in water is twofold, i.e., microfiltration and reverse osmosis. For such filter treatments, polio virus is most suited as an experimental index for conducting an assessment of the treating ability of viruses. The reasons are as follows: 1. It is the smallest virus among the viruses which are mixed in the water systems. 2. Polio virus is always detected in the study of actual conditions of the viruses contained in the sewage waters. 3. It involves less danger in handling because there are vaccines which are made less poisonous. 4. Separation and quantification of viruses is easily conducted by means of cultured cells. 8 refs., 1 fig., 7 tabs.

Resources, environment and solid waste management; Shigen {center{underscore}dot} kankyo mondai to haikibutsu shori no tenkai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takeda, Nobuo [Kyoto University, Kyoto (Japan). Department of Environmental Engineering

1999-09-20

Solid waste management should be considered in close relation to conservation of energy and resources. The history and situation of solid waste management in Japan is outlined and the new concept of waste management is discussed for sustainable development. (author)

Visualizing ignition and combustion of methanol mixtures in a diesel engine; Methanol funmu no glow chakka to nensho no kashika

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Inomoto, Y; Harada, T; Kusaka, J; Daisho, Y; Kihara, R; Saito, T [Waseda University, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-10-01

A glow-assisted ignition system tends to suffer from poor ignitability and slow flame propagation at low load in a direct-injection diesel engine fueled with methanol. To investigate the ignition process and improve such disadvantages, methanol sprays, their ignition and flames were visualized at high pressures and temperatures using a modified two-stroke engine. The results show that parameters influencing ignition, the location of a glow-plug, swirl level, pressure and temperature are important. In addition, a full kinetics calculation was conducted to predict the delay of methanol mixture ignition by taking into account 39 chemical species and 157 elementary reactions. 3 refs., 9 figs.

Development of new engine bearings with overlay consisting of solid lubricants; Kotai junkatsu overlay tsuki engine yo suberi jikuuke zairyo no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kanayama, H; Kawakami, S; Gohara, C [Taiho Kogyo Co. Ltd., Aichi (Japan); Fuwa, Y; Michioka, H [Toyota Motor Corp., Aichi (Japan)

1997-10-01

Recently, modern engines have a tendency for higher output and longer periods. As a result , higher bearing performance is required. For this reason, we have developed the new conceptual overlay consisting of solid lubricants and thermosetting plastics. This paper describes the performance of engine bearings with the new overlay. 5 refs., 13 figs., 5 tabs.

Experimental study of water permeability in waste disposal facilities; Haikibutsu shori shisetsu no shisuisei ni kansuru jikkenteki kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Konishi, M; Shiraishi, H; Terada, M [Okumura Corp., Osaka (Japan)

1995-08-22

A cement-based filler is one of the back filling materials used in radioactive wastes disposal facilities. This paper describes fundamental tests performed on a filling material as to its filling performance, water permeation characteristics, and adsorption property to cerium by using the normal cement mortar (SM) that uses the water-to-cement ratio of 40% and the silica fume mortar (SFM). Furthermore, model wastes were fabricated by using a filling mortar of about 1 m{sup 3} and a 200-liter drum, which were used for tests on the filling and water cut-off performances. The result of the fundamental tests revealed the following matters: all of the materials show good filling performance and adsorbability when an adequate amount of high-performance water reducing agent is mixed; and the diffusion coefficient of the SFM is less than one tenth of that for the SM, showing high water cut-off effect. It was made clear from the tests using simulated test pieces that the Lugeon test value and water permeation coefficient of the SFM is less than half of that for the SM, and high water cut-off effect can be obtained by using the SFM. 11 refs., 8 figs., 4 tabs.

On the relationship between stacking process and resolution. 2; Jugo shori to bunkaino ni kansuru kiso kenkyu. 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Matsushima, J; Rokugawa, S; Kato, Y [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Engineering; Yokota, T; Miyazaki, M [Geological Survey of Japan, Tsukuba (Japan)

1997-05-27

With respect to concept of resolution in seismic exploration using the reflection method, detailed considerations were given on processes of forming the resolution as a result of arranging observation points at vibration transmitting and receiving points. In the discussion, numerical experiments were carried out, in which the scattering stacking process is applied in a model having one scatterer existing in homogeneous media. The experiments investigated an imaging formation process of the scatterer when arrangement of the vibration transmitting and receiving points were changed from a coarse condition to a dense condition while the number of transmitting and receiving points is being increased. Resolution is created if waveforms having finite frequencies are used as input, and the imaging is performed by utilizing the limited number of vibration receiving and transmitting points. If the concept of equi-travel plane is used under these conditions, the equi-travel planes perform negation with each other, and it was indicated that visual resolution is expressed by how good the negating effect is. It was discovered that such concept of the resolution is quite ambiguous in terms of engineerings. 2 refs., 17 figs.

Effects of MTBE blended diesel fuel on diesel combustion and emissions; MTBE kongo keiyu ga diesel nensho haiki ni oyobosu eikyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shundo, S; Yokota, H; Kakegawa, T [Hino Motors, Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-10-01

The effects of MTBE (Methyl-t-butyl ether) blended diesel fuel on diesel combustion and emissions were studied. In conventional diesel combustion, the testing mode was carried out in conformity with the Japanese 13 mode. Furthermore, this fuel was applied to a new combustion system (Homogeneous Charge Intelligent Multiple Injection). MTBE blended diesel fuel is more effective in the case of new combustion system and very low NOx, PM capability is suggested. 6 refs., 6 figs., 2 tabs.

Method of estimating time management of safety control of combustion. Nensho anzen seigyo no tame no jikan kanri No hyoka hoho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moroboshi, M. (Yamatake-Honeywell Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan))

1993-12-01

The results of investigating time management (permissible value of ignition time and prepurge time) for safety control of combustion relating to a combustor is reported. It is shown that the heating value of hydrocarbon-based fuel is determined by molecular weight irrespective of molecular structure and constant (11200kcal/kg) per unit weight; the heating value of mixture gas of theoretical mixture ratio is constant (1000kcal/m[sup 3]) indifferently of the kind of fuel; and that the product of the heating value of a fuel and the lower limit of its explosion limit is approximately constant (400-600kcal/m[sup 3]). Succeedingly it is shown based on these values that allowable ignition time is determined by the combustion chamber load (ratio of the maximum amount, 10[sup 4]kcal/h, of combustion to the volume of combustion chamber); the effect of dilution by exhaust lengthens it by only about 50%; and that the conventional criterion that the frequency of ventilation of prepurge should be 4-5 or that the minimum time of prepurge should be 30 seconds is appropriate. 6 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.

Effect of oxygenated fuel on premixed lean diesel combustion; Kihaku yokongo diesel nensho ni oyobosu gansanso nenryo kongo keiyu no eikyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sasaki, S.; Miyamoto, T.; Harada, A.; Akagawa, H.; Tsujimura, K. [New ACE Institute Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1998-05-01

Because injection timing in diesel engines is early in a premixed lean diesel combustion system using early fuel injection, ignition timing is determined by ignitability of the fuel used. The conventional diesel fuel, which has good ignitability, causes excessively early ignition, thus aggravating fuel consumption. In order to reduce cylinder temperature with an aim of delaying ignition timing to improve the fuel consumption, attempts are being made on using low cetane fuels to reduce CO2 gas supply or compression ratio, and to vary ignitability of the fuels. The present study investigated ignition timing control and properties of exhausts by mixing different types of oxygenated fuels into light oil. Mixing the oxygenated fuels into light oil proved that the ignition timing can be controlled, and mixing such low cetane fuels as ethanol and MTBE achieved improvement in fuel consumption. Trial use of the oxygenated fuels aggravated CO concentration, which is caused because the cylinder temperature was reduced. Numerical calculations suggest that use of fuels with faster evaporation speed and lower cetane number is effective in improving the fuel consumption and the exhausts. 12 refs., 9 figs., 2 tabs.

Analysis of combustion behavior in DI diesel engine at low temperature; DI diesel engine ni okeru teionji no nensho kyodo kaiseki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kuzuya, Y; Shibata, H [Nippon Soken, Inc., Tokyo (Japan); Aoki, S; Itatsu, T [Toyota Motor Corp., Aichi (Japan)

1997-10-01

For NOx reduction of a DI diesel engine, the retard of fuel injection timing is effective. However, it causes the white smoke at low temperature and low load. To analyze the mechanism of white smoke generation, a new visualizing system of fuel spray and flame behavior has been developed. This system can be also applied to a 4-valves per cylinder production engine by integrating two optical systems for image and lighting. From the visualization of the fuel spray and the flame behavior in the combustion chamber at low temperature, it has been proved that prompt fuel evaporation before reaching the wall surface of combustion chamber is required to reduce the white smoke. 6 refs., 10 figs., 3 tabs.

Solid amine which is marked as a carbon dioxide absorbing and desorbing agent. Tansan gas no kyudacchakuzai to shite chumoku sareru kotai amin

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Otsubo, Koji

1990-01-01

These days, phenomenon of the global warming due to the increase of carbon dioxide has become a great problem. Also in a space craft, in order to maintain human lives a system to get rid of carbon dioxide which is increased in the living sphere is required. As an agent to get rid of carbon dioxide in space, gas or liquid are hard to use, and moreover the agent must be highly reliable, energy conservative, of light weight and compact. Taking above conditions into consideration, trade-off was carried out on present technologies which might be of use. As a result, it was concluded that use of solid amine which has high selective absorbing capacity of carbon dioxide is most probable. In a system using solid amine; in order to make the area which touches air maximum, solid amine is made into small balls of 50 - 500 micro m diameters, and two pairs of canisters which make it possible to maintain solid amine and make adsorption and desorption easy are applied. And in the system alternative adsorption and desorption of carbon dioxide continues. Carbon dioxide recovered is to be used for a plant growing system in a space craft. Long term characteristic tests of the system are being carried out. 4 figs.

Report on achievements in fiscal 1998. Development of a waste disposal and recycle related technology. (Development of a technology to dispose of air bags adequately); 1998 nendo haikibutsu shori recycle kanren gijutsu kaihatsu air bag tekisei shori gijutsu no kaihatsu nado seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-12-01

This technological development is intended to develop a process technology to dispose adequately of air bags convergently when they are removed from waste cars, with consideration paid on environmental and safety aspects. This technology that can dispose of air bags remaining as air bag modules (ABM) in large quantity and adequately can solve the problems of maloperation in opening them in cars and noise in conventional disposal methods. The recovery and disposal system using an inflator can be expected of reducing work load on dismantling contractors and enhancing the work safety. Furthermore, the energy saving process utilizing combustion of plastics can save resources. However, this technology has not elucidated how dioxins, dust, smoke, sulfides, and nitrogen oxides are generated and how the generation can be prevented. Therefore, an exhaust gas dioxin testing facility and an exhaust gas treating facility were installed additionally to the existing heating treatment facility to develop a disposal technology to treat adequately the exhaust gases generated when ABMs are disposed conveergently in large quantity, and treat the waste water discharged from the facilities. Fiscal 1998 has performed preliminary tests to accumulate fundamental data, and design and installation of the above two facilities. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 survey report. Subtask 8 (hydrogen utilization worldwide clean energy system technology) (WE-NET) (development of hydrogen combustion turbines/development of combustion control technology); 1997 nendo seika hokokusho. Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system (WE-NET) subtask 8 suiso nensho turbine no kaihatsu nensho seigyo gijutsu no kaihatsi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Concerning the development of hydrogen combustion turbines, the paper described the fiscal 1997 results. As a hydrogen/oxygen combustor, the annular combustor was studied. Based on the results obtained by the last fiscal year, a combustor for the evaluation test was designed/fabricated. Oxygen is mixed with vapor at the portion of the burner, rotated/jetted (flame held by the circulation flow generated) and made to burn with hydrogen (porous injection). The smooth ignition and equilibrium wall temperature distribution were made possible. Concentrations of the residual hydrogen/oxygen in the stoichiometric mixture ratio combustion were both less than 1%. Further, can type combustor I is a type in which hydrogen and oxygen are burned near the burner and then are diluted by vapor. Improved of the burner structure and diluted vapor hole, it was tested. In can type combustor II, a mixture of oxygen and vapor is supplied and burned with hydrogen. The appropriate supply of oxygen was 20% distribution to the primary scoop and 80% to secondary. In both combustors, smooth ignition was possible, and concentrations of the residual hydrogen/oxygen in the stoichiometric mixture ratio combustion were controlled at minimum (approximately 1%). The evaluation method for the optimum hydrogen/oxygen combustor was studied. 142 figs., 24 tabs.

Treatment of exhaust gas from the semiconductor manufacturing process. 3; Handotai seizo sochi kara no hai gas shori. 3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fukunaga, A. [Ebara Research Co. Ltd., Kanagawa (Japan); Mori, Y.; Osato, M.; Tsujimura, M. [Ebara Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1995-10-20

Demand has been building up for an individual dry type scrubber for treating exhaust gas from the semiconductor manufacturing process. Some factors for the wide acceptance of such a scrubber would be the capability for complete treatment, easy maintenance and safety features, etc. Practical gas analysis and optimum scrubbing techniques would have to be applied, as well as effective monitoring, alarm, and fail-safe techniques. The overall exhaust gas line, i.e. the line connecting the scrubber system and the upstream process, including that extending to pump system, has to be fully considered for enabling effective scrubbing performance. Such factors, which have until now not been given any priority, would have to be fully studied for the development of a practical, individual dry type scrubber. Cooperation on this matter from the semiconductor manufacturing industry would also be essential. 6 refs., 3 figs., 5 tabs.

Bio-treatment system of oily bilge drained from ship engine room; Hakuyo kikanshitsu haishutsu bilge no bio shori system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakamura, H.; Zaitsu, A.; Nobeyama, N.; Hirata, T. [Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1995-11-01

We aimed to develop a system for treating emulsified oil discharged from ship engine rooms. The efficiency of the system aimed at reducing the oil content of the drain to 15ppm or less so that the drain might be discharged into the sea. We have succeeded in developing a biological treatment system using the fluidized bed in which the drain and sludge are efficiently mixed by aeration and stirring. The specific sludge with enhanced oil decomposing ability is used in the system. We performed on - shipboard tests using a pilot test system, whose capacity of the reaction chamber is 0.5m{sup 3} and oil volume load, 0.4kg-oil/m{sup 3}/d, and have confirmed future possible applications to the treatment system for ships. This would bring great reduction in loads on the existing oil separator, saving its maintenance cost in general. 9 refs., 8 figs.

Microbiological indicators for evaluating treatability on water purification process. Josui shori ni okeru shorisei hyoka kara mita biseibutsu shihyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ichikawa, H [Kanagawa Prefectural Government Public Enterprise Egency Water Works Bureau, Kanagawa (Japan). Tanigahara Purification Plant

1990-08-10

This report describes the historical procedure of a bacterial test for a certain respective bacteria, and also describes the removal of micro-organisms by a water treatment and treatment with disinfectants. The disinfection is made mainly on basis of foreign literature. This is because there exist few literature published in Japan. In a good sense, this is because of the Japanese habit of drinking raw water which has contributed to high level of facilities and the maintenance. If seen from a different viewpoint, the prsent concern is concentrated to a contamination of the underground water by organic solvent and the counter measure against such minute quantity of organic chemicals as trihalomethane and the agricultural chemicals in the golf courses. From the consumers {prime} standpoint, these are of the level of problems that only one affected person increases per year for 100,000 inhabitants even if they continue to drink such drinking waters continuously through their life years. The reality is that it is remote from the realities in life. 37 refs., 9 tabs.

Disposal machine using a hydraulic shovel loader for waste home electric appliances; Yuatsu shoberunado wo katsuyoshita haikaden shori kikai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-09-25

This paper presents a disposal machine system developed by Hitachi Kenki Co. for waste home appliances. EX60 disposal machine and 2-axis shear shredder were developed as work machines for volume reduction and efficient disposal of waste home appliances. The shredder with rotary cutters is featured by superior crunch performance and efficient shredding of waste home appliances, and can crash not only waste home appliances but also various objects such as bulky waste, waste plastics and waste tire for passenger cars at crash torques from 7000 to 12000kgf{center_dot}m. The shredder is featured by superior mobility and easy operability by self-running and full-hydraulic driving, low- noise engine, and noise/vibration reduction by low-speed large torque hydraulic motor. EX60 disposal machine has clamp fixing waste home appliances, and a grapple for disassembling and classification, and can efficiently disassemble and classify 4 kinds of waste home appliances and other wastes only by itself. 12 figs., 3 tabs.

Treatment of waste water miscible cutting fluids in automobile manufacturing; Jidosha kogyo ni okeru suiyosei sessakuyuzai no haieki shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ono, H. [Yushiro Chemical Industry Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1995-09-01

Water-soluble cutting fluids are able to be used for several months to several years if the proper periodical management is carried out. However, the used solution should be treated as waste water when the function-recovery thereof becomes remarkable difficult. On this occasion, the treated solution (drainage) ought to meet the environmental standards prescribed for the purpose of protecting globe environment. Many cases in Japan are that the strict rules are set by each urban and rural prefectures addition to the government ordinance. For carrying out the treatment of waste water efficiently, it is necessary to construct the treating system by mastering the characteristics of waste water and selecting the most suitable one from numerous treating methods. In this paper, after the description on the water-polluting substances and drainage standards, the general treating method of waste water miscible cutting fluids is described. Finally, the concrete cases with respect to the treatment of waste water treatment in automobile manufacturing factories are introduced. 5 refs., 5 figs., 5 tabs.

Evaluation report on the development of ultra-solid lubricant with cluster diamond; Cluster diamond wo riyoshita kotai junkatsu fukugo zairyo no kaihatsu hyoka hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The fiscal 1998-2000 results of efforts to develop cluster diamond (CD)-diffused solid lubricant composite materials expected to exhibit excellent lubrication are stated. Since friction greatly affects machine life and energy efficiency, friction reduction is an important task. Very hard and microscopic CD was utilized for the achievement of a friction coefficient of 0.08. A manufacturing technology for molds 10nm or smaller was developed, which enabled the development of a gear not larger than 8mm. The success will enable the operation of micromachines in the absence of lubrication which is impossible at present. A CD-aided functional layer creation technology was also developed. It is expected that the development and practical application of micromechanisms will make rapid progress in the 21st century. Much is expected from the creation, and goods with the achievement applied thereto, of advanced technologies whereinto non-lubrication, functional layer creation, and excellent heat conductivity are incorporated. It is quite significant that, since CD is available in any field as far as light-load low-speed sliding conditions are satisfied, sliding parts will be improved and service life will be prolonged. (NEDO)

Utilization as solid fuel and its physicochemical characteristic of hydroponic cultured plants for wastewater treatment; Suiko saibai shokubutsutai no kotai nenryoka to butsurigakuteki tokusei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Inoue, M; Hirano, K [Kanagawa Environmental Research Center, Kanagawa (Japan); Inamori, Y [National Inst. for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba (Japan)

1996-10-10

A treatment of the wasted flower plants used for the waste water treatment process by the indoor drying and pressing method was studied for their effective reuse as columnar solid fuel. Three kinds of wasted flower plants were processed for making samples by indoor drying method for about two months. The samples which were chop plants about 10cm long, half powdery ones and powdery ones were made into the columnar solid fuels under 1-5 t{center_dot}cm{sup -2} pressure. According to the drop`s strength test for the solid fuels, it was investigated that they lost their physical strength rapidly in proportion to the elapsed time. The solid fuel made of powdery processed plants particularly lost its strength most rapidly. In the case of solid fuels made of chops, when they were pressed by the method that the trunk and the branches filled into the press`s vessel in the same direction against the press`s one, their physical strength were maintained for a long time. Furthermore, the form of solid fuels processed by this method looked like keeping their original one for a relatively long term. It was found that their combustible efficiency was excellent because the combustible calorie of the wasted plants ranged from 3,600 cal{center_dot}g{sup -1} to 3,800 cal{center_dot}g{sup -1}. 18 refs., 11 figs., 2 tabs.

Improvement of D.I. diesel engine combustion using numerical simulation; Chokufun diesel kikan no nensho kaizen shuho. Suchi kaiseki ni yoru torikumi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Minami, T.; Adachi, T.; Isyii, Y. [Isuzu Motors Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1999-04-01

For the purpose of improving DI diesel engine combustion, it is important to predict air flow of intake and exhaust manifold, intake port flow, combustion chamber swirl and fuel spray combustion. This paper describes the application of numerical simulation to the engines, the analysis of phenomena and a problem of simulation model modification. (author)

Emission characteristics of multiple stage diesel combustion. Effect of exhaust gas recirculation; Nidan nensho diesel kikan no haishutsubutsu tokusei. EGR no eikyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hashizume, T.; Miyamoto, T.; Akagawa, H.; Tsujimura, K. [New A.C.E. Institute Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1998-05-01

For an aim to reduce NOx emission from diesel engines, it has become possible to realize it with smoke emission maintained at low levels by taking the following steps: initial combustion is carried out as lean pre-mixed combustion by adopting early fuel injection; the fuel is injected again after completion of this combustion; and EGR is combined with two-stage combustion which performs diffusion combustion under high temperature atmosphere. When a large quantity of EGR is used, cylinder temperature drops to have ignition timing delayed in the first stage, serving for improving fuel consumption. The problem of increase in smoke generation is solved by optimizing the injection timing at the second stage to suppress smoke generation increase, resulting in realization of lower NOx emission. By completing the second-stage fuel injection before ignition of the first-stage injection, it was possible to realize further lower NOx emission. Smoke increase due to higher EGR ratio was suppressed by pre-mixing both fuels injected in the first and second stages, although this is a high load operation. In addition, oxygen concentration and cylinder temperature were reduced, the gas pre-mixture was homogenized, and combustion velocity was suppressed by delaying the angle of ignition timing. This made low smoke combustion at {lambda} = 1 possible even in compressed ignition combustion. 8 refs., 12 figs., 1 tab.

Development of combustion management concept for natural-aspirated small diesel engine; Shizen kyuki kogata diesel engine no nensho seigyo concept no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wada, T; Kawano, T; Shoji, M; Kuniyosh, M; Yamashita, O; Nagao, A [Mazda Motor Corp., Tokyo (Japan); Yoshikawa, S [Zexel Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-10-01

We have developed a combustion management concept for natural-aspirated small IDI diesel engines and achieved higher power, lower exhaust emissions and more comfort. The concept is related to improvements of intake volumetric efficiency, EGR effect, mixture formation caused by combustion chamber and spray characteristics, engine management system and after treatment device. This paper describes the concept and experimental results. 3 refs., 14 figs., 1 tab.

Analysis of combustion in an ATAC engine with measurement of radical luminescence; Radical hakko keisoku ni yoru ATAC engine no nensho kaiseki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Park, Y; Oguma, H; Ueda, H; Iida, N [Keio University, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-10-01

In order to make clear of the combustion mechanism and the frame structure in two stake, so called, active thermo-atmosphere combustion (ATAC) engine fueled by gasoline and methanol, we measured the 2-demensional images of OH, CH and C2 radical band spectra in both ATAC and SI combustion mode. From the results of pressure data in the cylinder, the heat release rate was calculated. We evaluated the correlation of radical luminescence intensity and the rate of heat release. 3 refs., 4 figs., 2 tabs.

Phosphorus and nitrogen removal in waste water at small factory. Shokibo jigyosho ni okeru haisuichu no rin chisso shori gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hirai, M. (National Institute for Resources and Environment, Tsukuba (Japan))

1994-05-25

For the purpose of preventing closed waters from eutrophicating, COD regulations and nitrogen and phosphorus waste water regulations are executed in Japan, but practically applicable techniques for this purpose are a few. Concerning technology for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in waste water, this paper describes the actual situation of two industries, electroplating and alumite processing, and applicable techniques. Among various nitrogen removal methods, the biological treatment method has been used practically in many cases and is applicable to practical use. While there are many kinds of physical and chemical treatment methods, applicable methods are limited. In removing nitrogen, the coagulating sedimentation method with Ca salt, Al salt and Fe salt is effective generally for orthophosphate. At electroplating factories, various forms of phosphorus and nitrogen compounds are used as plating chemicals. In treating waste water containing phosphorus, the coagulating sedimentation method is used most frequently. The oxidation + coagulating sedimentation method, the autolysis + oxidation coagulation method, and the evaporation method are effected, though the examples of their implementation are small in number. 15 tabs.

On the relationship between the irregular reflector and the data processing by stacking; Hanshamen keijo to jugo shori ni tsuite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Matsushima, J; Yokota, T; Miyazaki, T [Geological Survey of Japan, Tsukuba (Japan); Rokukawa, S [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1996-05-01

An examination was made on the possibility of data processing by stacking with scattered waves assumed in a seismic exploration analysis (diffraction stacking method). In the examination, a CDP stacking method and the diffraction stacking method were compared through numerical experiments in the case of imaging a flat reflection surface and an irregular reflection surface. As a result, it was revealed that the CDP stacking method for stacking mirror reflection waves was merely a processing to raise S/N ratio while the diffraction stacking method for stacking with scattered waves assumed contained a migrational aspect as well as an aspect to raise S/N ratio. Consequently, it was shown that, if an oscillator was properly arranged, a structural imaging was possible not by the shape of a reflection surface but by the diffraction stacking method. Additionally, the diffraction stacking method revealed that the imaging effect varied by frequency with the stacking effect decreased at high frequencies, and that no stacking effect decreased at low frequencies but resolution lowered in horizontal direction. 4 refs., 8 figs.

Cement manufacture and sludge; Semento seizo to gesui odei. Semento kojo deno antei shori {center{underscore}dot} yuko riyo gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hirota, Yoji; Yamazaki, Masayasu; Hashimoto, Koichi [Mitsubishi Materials Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1998-11-10

There was the percussion of the sludge processing from the Kitakyushu City in 1995. Within various waste treatment technology cultivated to it, the technology (direct combustion system) of cement raw material by the direct injection of sludge dehydrated cake to cement baking furnace was adopted. It became dealing with in cement baking furnace of the Kurosaki factory in our company. Through the processing by the present, it is not completely finding even in cement quality of the product, environmental side and on the problem. It was confirmed to be the processing technology of sewage dewatered sludge in which this technology was safely stabilized. In addition, the superiority in much global environmental protection has also been confirmed. (NEDO)

Development of novel processes for Cu concentrates without producing sulfuric acid; Hiryusan hasseigata no atarashii doshigen shori gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakamura, T; Noguchi, F; Takasu, T; Ito, H [Kyushu Inst. of Technology, Kitakyushu (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1997-02-01

In the refining process for the production of copper from pyrites, heat treatment is carried out in a neutral atmosphere so that part of the sulphur will be collected in the form of simple sulfur and that pyrites naturally low in reactivity will be made active. A basic study is also conducted of a very high speed electrolytic method. The chemical aspects of pyrites which are various in composition (mainly CuFeS2) are clarified by X-ray diffraction, and then is subjected to heat-treatment in a 773K-1073K argon atmosphere. There is a decrease in the amount of sulfur at a temperatures not lower than 973K. The X-ray main diffraction line splits for the emergence of some lower angle diffraction lines. The specimen is then subjected to a leach test in a copper chloride base liquor, to disclose that leachability grows remarkably higher in the presence of a great change in the X-ray diffraction lattice constant. An experiment follows in which an electrolyte is allowed to flow at a high speed for accelerating the rate of electrolytic refining in an effort to prevent the passivation of anode and deposition of dendrite on the cathode that is apt to occur when the current density is high. Passivation is prevented when the flow rate is 10m/min or higher in the vicinity of the anode surface for the formation of a smooth electrodeposited surface. 2 refs., 2 figs., 2 tabs.

Development of novel processes for Cu concentrates without producing sulfuric acid; Hiryusan hasseigata no atarashii doshigen shori gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Awakura, Y; Hirato, T [Kyoto University, Kyoto (Japan)

1997-02-01

Studies are conducted to develop a new wet method for copper concentrates to replace the conventional dry smelting method for the settlement of problems involving the processing of impurities for environmental protection. A specimen of pyrites polycrystals is subjected to leaching at 80 {degree}C in a strongly acidic cupric solution. Findings are that the element sulfur generated in this process does not impede leaching and only approximately 4% of the sulfur is oxidized into sulfur ions; that the presence of more than 2g/liter of bromide ions produced during bromine-aid leaching of gold changes the structure of sulfur for the inhibition of leaching; that circulation of a bromine-containing leaching liquid is not desired since even a small amount of approximately 0.02mol/liter inhibits the leaching rate. Controlled potential electrolysis is performed for the anode in an acid solution containing CuCl, NaCl, and NaBr, for the observation of oxidation/reduction potentials predicted by Nernst`s equation. It is then disclosed that bromine is more effective than chlorine in gold leaching and that the solution potential during leaching agent regeneration enables the monitoring of solution constitution. 2 refs.

Achievement report for fiscal 1997 on research and development of solid electrolyte fuel cells; Kotai denkaishitsugata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu 1997 nendo seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-07-01

This paper describes the achievements in fiscal 1997 on research and development of solid electrolyte fuel cells. Fuji Electric has demonstrated possibilities of film type cells of predominantly metallic flat plate supporting type of a large-area cell lamination system, and seal-less stack structure. Sanyo Electric has discussed making thinner the composite cell lamination type anode, optimization in sintering temperature, and sealing materials. The Fine Ceramic Center has performed a 1,000-hour test on an La(Sr) MnO{sub 3}-YSZ electrode, in which A-site defect amount was decreased to 0.1-0.02 to stabilize micro-structure air electrodes for an extended period of time. Fujikura has discussed functional materials for high dispersion and slanting in a fuel electrode Ni/YSZ. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries has fabricated MgO-based fuel electrodes on a trial basis, and performed internal reformation and power generation tests by using full-size stacks. Murata Manufacturing Company has verified long-term power generation properties and stability of a three-layered co-sintered film of flat plate type. Mitsui Shipbuilding has reached a near final conclusion on the basic structure of gas separator cells. The Central Electric Power Research Institute has completed a conceptual design on a 300-MW class composite power generation system in which SOFC and gas turbines are combined. The Electric Power Development Company has discussed problems in SOFC composite power generation development using coal gasified fuel. (NEDO)

Conversion of char nitrogen to N2 under incomplete combustion conditions; Fukanzen nensho jokenka ni okeru char chuchisso no N2 eno tenka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhuang, Q.; Yamauchi, A.; Oshima, Y.; Wu, Z.; Otsuka, Y. [Tohoku University, Sendai (Japan). Institute for Chemical Reaction Science

1996-10-28

The effect of combustion conditions on conversion of char nitrogen to N2 was studied in the combustion experiment of char obtained by pyrolysis of coal. Char specimen was prepared by holding ZN coal of Chinese lignite in Ar atmosphere at 1123K for one hour. A batch scale quartz-made fluidized bed reactor was used for combustion experiment. After the specimen was fluidized in reaction gas, it was rapidly heated to start combustion reaction. CO, CO2 and N2 in produced gases were online measured by gas chromatography (GC). As the experimental result, under the incomplete combustion condition where a large amount of CO was produced by consuming almost all of O2, no NOx and N2O produced from char were found, and almost all of N-containing gas was N2. At the final stage of combustion, pyridinic-N disappeared completely, and pyrrolic-N decreased, while O-containing nitrogen complexes became a main component. It was thus suggested that O-containing nitrogen complexes are playing the role of intermediate product in combustion reaction. 7 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.

Effect of heat treatment changes on swelling treatment of coal; Sekitan no bojun shori sayo ni oyobosu netsushori henka no eikyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Satsuka, T.; Mashimo, K.; Wainai, T. [Nihon University, Tokyo (Japan). College of Science and Technology

1996-10-28

Discussions were given on effects of heat treatment at relatively low temperatures as a pretreatment for coal liquefaction on coal swelling and hydrogenolysis reaction. Taiheiyo coal was heated to 200{degree}C for one hour as a pretreatment. The attempted heating methods consisted of four steps of rapid heating (6.7{degree}C/min)quenching (20{degree}C/min), rapid heating/natural cooling (0.7{degree}C/min), heating (1.0{degree}C/min)/quenching, and heating/natural cooling. The swelling treatment was composed of adding methanol benzene into heat treated coal, and leaving it at room temperature for 24 hours. The hydrogenolysis was carried out by using a tetralin solvent and at an initial hydrogen pressure of 20 kg/cm{sup 2} and a temperature of 350{degree}C and for a time of one hour. Hydrogenolysis conversion in the heat treated coal was found lower than that of the original coal because of generation of liquefaction inactive components due to thermal polymerization. When the heat treated coal is swollen by using the solvent, gas yield from the hydrogenolysis reaction decreased due to gas suppression effect, and the conversion was lower than that of the original coal. Heat treatment suggests densification of the coal structure. Swollen coal shows no conspicuous difference in the heat treatment methods against the hydrogenolysis due to the swelling effect. 3 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab.

On-line measurement of crystalline color by color-image processing system; Gazo shori system wo mochiita kessho no online iro sokutei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Okayasu, S.; Katayama, M.; Shinohara, T. [Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Tokyo (Japan)

1996-01-20

Aiming for the stable operation and the rationalization of factory plant, the color-image processing has been tried to introduce into the on-line system to measure the crystalline color of L-Lysine in its refining process. Because the practical spectro-photometry was used to be employed by manual measurement. In this paper, the calculation formula of the transmittance by spectrophotometry is theoretically introduced by analyzing the relation of Lambert-Beer`s law of luminous transparency with the Kubelka-Munk`s function of the luminous dispersion using color image data. The parameters of the calculation formula were decided by actual measurement, so that the formula with accuracy value of {plus_minus}3% elucidated the possible estimation of transmittance by spectrophotometry. The system was tested on a commercial plant, and some issues are discussed. 8 refs., 8 figs., 3 tabs.

Visual feedback navigation for cable tracking by autonomous underwater vehicles; Jiritsugata kaichu robot no gazo shori ni motozuku cable jido tsuiju

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takai, M.; Ura, T. [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan). Institute of Industrial Science; Balasuriya, B.; Lam, W. [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan); Kuroda, Y. [Meiji Univ., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-08-01

A vision processing unit was introduced into autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) to judge the visual situation and to construct an environmental observation platform that can collect wide-range and high-precision measurement data. The cable optionally installed at the bottom of the sea was recognized by vision processing to propose automatic tracking technique. An estimator that compensates for the hough conversion or time delay and a PSA controller that is used as a target value set mechanism or lower-level controller were introduced as the factor technology required for automatic tracking. The feature of the automatic tracking is that a general-purpose platform which can observe the prescribed range environmentally in high precision and density can be constructed because the observation range required by the observer can be prescribed near the sea-bottom surface using a cable. The verification result off Omi Hachiman at Lake Biwa showed that AUV can be used for the high-precision environmental survey in the range prescribed near the sea-bottom surface using a cable. 8 refs., 8 figs., 1 tab.

Effect of synthetic detergent and soap on the waste-water treatment. Gosei senzai oyobi sekken no haisui shori ni oyobosu eikyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Inamori, Y. (national Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba (Japan)); Takamatsu, Y. (University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba (Japan))

1993-05-01

This paper describes the effect of surfactants on purification capability and living life phases in the living life membrane method and the activated sludge method as biological waste water treatment methods. As a result of treating artificial waste water in an immersion hearth process of the living life membrane method, it was found that LAS added concentration at 50 mg/l or higher would not affect noticeably the quality of water treated under a steady-state operation, but that at 100 mg/l has aggravated the treated water quality by increasing COD. In the case of soaps, the COD in the treated water has aggravated when the added concentration is 70 mg/l or higher. The result of discussing the activated sludge process using urban sewage water indicated that COD in the treated water shows higher value for synthetic detergents than for soaps at the detergent added concentration of 140 mg/l or higher, having affected adversely the treated water quality. An activated sludge treatment process was operated to identify the effects of synthetic detergents and soaps on living life phases in the activated sludge and living life membranes. The result suggests that either the LAS added system or the soap added system presents no problems in a long-time aeration, while activated sludge aerated for the standard period of time has a possibility of abnormally proliferating filamentous microorganisms that can cause bulking in the soap system. 14 refs., 3 tabs.

Thermochemical recuperative combined cycle with methane-steam reforming combustion; Tennengasu kaishitsu nensho ni yoru konbaindo saikuru hatsuden no kokoritsuka oyobi denryoku fuka heijunka taio

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kikuchi, R.; Essaki, K.; Tsutsumi, A. [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan). Dept. of Chemical System Engineering; Kaganoi, S.; Kurimura, H. [Teikoku Sekiyu Co., Tokyo (Japan); Sasaki, T.; Ogawa, T. [Toshiba Co., Tokyo (Japan)

2000-03-10

Thermochemical recuperative combined cycles with methane-steam reforming are proposed for improving their thermal efficiency and for peak-load leveling. For targeting higher thermal efficiency, a cycle with methane-steam reforming reaction heated by gas turbine exhaust was analyzed. The inlet temperature of gas turbine was set at 1,350 degree C. Low-pressure steam extracted from a steam turbine is mixed with methane, and then this mixture is heated by part of the gas turbine exhaust to promote a reforming reaction. The rest of the exhaust heat is used to produce steam, which drives steam turbines to generate electricity. The effect of steam-to-methane ratio (S/C) on thermal efficiency of the cycle, as well as on methane conversion, is investigated by using the ASPEN Plus process simulator. The methane feed rate was fixed at constant and S/C ratio was varied from 2.25 to 4.75. Methane conversion shows an increasing trend toward the ratio and has a maximum value of 17.9 % at S/C=4.0. Thermal efficiency for the system is about 51 % higher than that calculated for a conventional 1,300 degree C class combined cycle under similar conditions. A thermochemical recuperative combined cycle is designed for peak-load leveling. In night-time operation from 20 : 00 to 8 : 00 it stores hydrogen produced by methane steam reforming at S/C=3.9 to save power generation. The gas turbine inlet temperature is 1,330 degree C. In daytime operation from 8 : 00 to 20 : 00 the chemically recuperated combined cycle operated at S/C=2.0 is driven by the mixture of a combined cycle operated at constant load with the same methane feed rate, whereas daytime operation generated power 1.26 times larger than that of the combined cycle. (author)

Evaluation report on the design of solid catalysts for saving energy in petrochemical industry; Sekiyu kagaku no tame no sho energy gata kotai shokubai sekkei hyoka hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The aim is to improve on hydrocarbon oxidation which is a difficult reaction (analogous to combustion and having potential for heat generation or explosion, with restrictions therefore imposed on reaction conditions) by use of a catalyst supporting porous membrane. The fiscal 1999-2000 results are stated. In this effort, the target reaction is promoted by a catalyst supported by a porous membrane while combustion is controlled by the said porous membrane that separates oxygen and hydrocarbon from each other. Such a design was not available since a catalyst supporting inorganic membrane withstanding so high a temperature was difficult to prepare. Recently, however, a porous membrane with its pores regulated to microstructural dimensions was developed. The activity of a Pd membrane catalyst is evaluated in view of the degree of oxidation of propylene, cyclohexene, and benzene. It is then found that hydrogen that has passed the Pd membrane participates in the reaction. In a propylene oxidation test using a membrane type Ag/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} catalyst, it is found that acetone is generated and that oxygen after passing through the membrane participates in the reaction. Methods are studied for preparing a metal membrane in which the catalyst system comprises a catalyst supporting porous membrane and a Pd membrane. In the fabrication of metal membranes, a highly selective hydrogen permeable membrane is stably prepared by the thermal CVD (chemical vapor deposition) method. (NEDO)

Relative amplitude preservation processing utilizing surface consistent amplitude correction. Part 3; Surface consistent amplitude correction wo mochiita sotai shinpuku hozon shori. 3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saeki, T [Japan National Oil Corporation, Tokyo (Japan). Technology Research Center

1996-10-01

For the seismic reflection method conducted on the ground surface, generator and geophone are set on the surface. The observed waveforms are affected by the ground surface and surface layer. Therefore, it is required for discussing physical properties of the deep underground to remove the influence of surface layer, preliminarily. For the surface consistent amplitude correction, properties of the generator and geophone were removed by assuming that the observed waveforms can be expressed by equations of convolution. This is a correction method to obtain records without affected by the surface conditions. In response to analysis and correction of waveforms, wavelet conversion was examined. Using the amplitude patterns after correction, the significant signal region, noise dominant region, and surface wave dominant region would be separated each other. Since the amplitude values after correction of values in the significant signal region have only small variation, a representative value can be given. This can be used for analyzing the surface consistent amplitude correction. Efficiency of the process can be enhanced by considering the change of frequency. 3 refs., 5 figs.

3D seismic experiment in the Minaminoshiro area, Akita. Data processing; Akitaken Minaminoshiro chiiki ni okeru sanjigen jishin tansa jikken. Data shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tanaka, H; Minegishi, M [Japan National Oil Corp., Tokyo (Japan). Technology Research Center; Nakagami, K [Japan Petroleum Exploration Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-10-22

A 3D seismic experiment was carried out in the Minaminoshiro area in Akita Prefecture, an area difficult of performing seismic exploration. This paper reports progresses during data processing and future problems. The data processing has executed static correction of 3D refraction, 3D DMO correction, and an F-X prediction filter processing on the data in time domain in the 3D seismic exploration as acquired in a spread of 4 km times 5 km in the subject area. The result of the data processing verified existence of a folding structure and the Noshiro thrust fault groups in the east to west direction, and locations of the Sakagawa fault associated therewith. Seen particularly noticeably was a structure having a slope falling north-ward at 15 to 35 degrees in shallow and deep portions on the east side of the Sakagawa fault in the south to north direction. In addition, the Dogiri fault was identified, which has been though to exist in a direction crossing perpendicularly the Noshiro thrust fault groups. It is scheduled that spatial velocity will be analyzed, and data processing will be conducted for deep regions. 7 figs.

Relative amplitude preservation processing utilizing surface consistent amplitude correction. Part 4; Surface consistent amplitude correction wo mochiita sotai shinpuku hozon shori. 4

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saeki, T [Japan National Oil Corp., Tokyo (Japan). Technology Research Center

1997-10-22

Discussions were given on seismic exploration from the ground surface using the reflection method, for surface consistent amplitude correction from among effects imposed from the ground surface and a surface layer. Amplitude distribution on the reflection wave zone is complex. Therefore, items to be considered in making an analysis are multiple, such as estimation of spherical surface divergence effect and exponential attenuation effect, not only amplitude change through the surface layer. If all of these items are taken into consideration, burden of the work becomes excessive. As a method to solve this problem, utilization of amplitude in initial movement of a diffraction wave may be conceived. Distribution of the amplitude in initial movement of the diffraction wave shows a value relatively close to distribution of the vibration transmitting and receiving points. The reason for this is thought because characteristics of the vibration transmitting and receiving points related with waveline paths in the vicinity of the ground surface have no great difference both on the diffraction waves and on the reflection waves. The lecture described in this paper introduces an attempt of improving the efficiency of the surface consistent amplitude correction by utilizing the analysis of amplitude in initial movement of the diffraction wave. 4 refs., 2 figs.

Thermo-mechanical treatment for improvement of superplasticity of SUS304; SUS304 no chososei kyodo kaizen no tame no kako netsu shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kato, M.; Torisaka, Y. [Mechanical Engineering Lab., Tokyo (Japan)

1998-01-25

Thermo-mechanical treatment was given to improve further the superplastic behavior of SUS 304 stainless steel. In the SUS 304, martensite phase produced by the processing induced transformation may be reversely transformed to the primary austenite phase by high-temperature heating. Crystal grain size is micronized to 1 {mu} m by combining this reverse transformation and recrystallization of the austenite phase. However, the straining rate at that time is as extremely low as 1 times 10 {sup -4}/s or lower, which is insufficient for an industrial material. Therefore, the SUS 304 processed as described above was given again a series of thermo-mechanical treatment of the similar forced cold processing and annealing to ultra-micronize the crystalline particles. Majority of the crystalline particles have come to have a grain size of several hundred nm. This test piece showed a total elongation of 400% or more at a test temperature of 973 K and a straining rate of 1.8 times 10 {sup -3}/s or lower. In addition, the straining rate sensitivity index `m` at that time was 0.45 or higher. The superplastic deformation of the SUS 304 has a high possibility of being governed by dynamic recrystallization. 4 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.

Features extraction from image based on processes of human vision; Ningen no shikaku shori tejun ni naratta gazo no tokucho chushutsu hoho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakajima, C.; Ishino, R. [Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-03-01

Described herein is a feature extraction processing method necessary for measurement of an object on a stationary image. It imitates the structures and functions of the visual area in the human brain to automatically extract features, such as edges, lines and apexes, from a stationary image or drawing. Information transmitted from the retina to the primary visual cortex area 1 (V1 area) is processed to extract feature candidates from brightness changes on the shading-treated image. The V1 area has the cells which react with long lines and the structure which controls the other cells. This structure is used to remove noise, where a portion which is not controlled is extracted from feature candidates, and is regarded as a line feature. This procedure, involving shading, is not suited for process of images containing an out-of-focus portion, but stably extracts features from clear images or drawings. 9 refs., 28 figs.

Improvement of combustion in a direct injection diesel engine by micro-hole nozzle; Micro hole nozzle wo mochiita chokusetsu funshashiki diesel kikan no nensho kaizen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Murata, M. [Keio University, Tokyo (Japan); Kobori, S. [Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo (Japan); Iida, N. [Keio University, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Science and Technology

2000-07-25

In an attempt to promote the atomization of fuel spray and the mixing of fuel and air in diesel engines, a micro-hole nozzle which has orifices with a diameter smaller than 0.10mm was developed. In this study, the combustion tests were carried out using a single cylinder diesel engine equipped with a micro-hole nozzle and a common rail type high-pressure fuel injection system. A comparison with the results of a conventional nozzle experiment showed that the peak of initial premixed combustion increased, but the peak of diffusion combustion decreased. As a result, when nozzle orifice diameter become small from {phi} 0.15 mm to {phi} 0.10 mm, the combustion was accompanied by smokeless with the same levels of NO{sub x} emission and fuel economy. And results of a comparison the toroidal type chamber with the shallow dish type chamber revealed that the optimization of combustion chamber is necessary for the increase of the injection stage with increasing of the number of nozzle orifice. If an orifice diameter becomes {phi} 0.06 mm, the diffusion combustion can not be observed and the combustion is formed of only premixed combustion. The combustion in the case of {phi} 0.06 mm was accompanied with the drastic deterioration of fuel economy, smoke and HC with all over load. But the micro-hole nozzle has a potential for the formation of the lean and homogeneous premixed mixture until the fuel-air mixture ignites. (author)

Improvement of lean combustion characteristics of heavy-hydrocarbon fuels with hydrogen addition; Suiso tenka ni yoru kokyu tanka suisokei nenryo no kihaku nensho no kaizen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sakai, Y. [Saitama Institute of Technology, Saitama (Japan); Ishizuka, S. [Hiroshima University, Hiroshima (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1999-09-25

The Lewis numbers of lean heavy-hydrocarbon fuels are larger than unity, and hence, their flames are prone to extinction in a shear flow, which occurs in a turbulent combustion. Here, propane is used as a representative fuel of heavy-hydrocarbon fuels because the Lewis number of lean propane/air mixtures is larger than unity, and an attempt to improve its combustion characteristics by hydrogen addition has been made. A tubular flame burner is used to evaluate its improvement, since a rotating, stretched vortex flow is established in the burner. The results show that with' hydrogen addition, the fuel concentration, the flame diameter and the flame temperature at extinction are reduced and its combustion characteristics are improved. However, it is found that the effective equivalence ration at extinction cannot become so small as that of lean methane/air mixture, which has a Lewis number less than unity. (author)

FY 2000 report on the results of the R and D of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC); 2000 nendo kotai denkaishitsugata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-05-01

Development of fuel cell power generation technology and R and D of solid oxide fuel cells were carried out, and reports of the FY 2000 results of companies were summed up. As to the R and D of the cell module, the R and D on the wet type cylinder module were made jointly by Toto Ltd., Kyushu Electric Power Co. and Nippon Steel Corp. As to the R and D of materials/basic technology, the following were conducted: evaluation of reliability of the cell module (evaluation of thermal cycle characteristics, etc.) by Chubu Electric Power Co., evaluation of reliability of the cell module (cell characteristics/stress evaluation) by Tokyo Gas Co. Ltd., cost reduction of cell materials (evaluation of chemical characteristics) by Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, and cost reduction of cell materials (evaluation of mechanical/thermal characteristics) by Japan Fine Ceramics Center. Concerning the system study, study of the system (adaptation fields of the small system and the optimization) was conducted by Nippon Steel Corp. (NEDO)

Studies on sleep patterns and fatigue due to shift work and their work adaptability. Kotai sagyo ni yoru suimin dotai to hiro oyobi sono sagyo tekiosei no kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Matsuoka, N.; Yokota, A. (Univ. of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu (Japan). School of Medicine)

1991-01-01

Studies were made on sleep patterns and fatigue due to shift work and their work adaptability with respect to the following items: (1) With a nurse work system as the object, a survey of rectum temperature, heart rate and rhythm before and after a midnight shift, and sleep at rising in the morning using the OSA survey method; (2) To analyze actual conditions of cumulative fatigue felt by shift workers and fatigue factors, a survey on shift work history, overtime work time, work patterns, symptoms of cumulative fatigue, and and life satisfaction; (3) A survey on daytime sleep record maintained at working places of guards including those of middle or advanced age, and sleep as affected by a nap; (4) A method of improving complains of circadian rhythm disorders because of variations in sleep and emergence rhythms experienced by shift workers, and discussions of usability of light radiation; and (5) Establishment of a technique to indicate effects of psychological burdens and psychogenic stress on visual functions of shift workers using tensions in focal adjustment. 5 figs., 5 tabs.

Collection of summaries of polymer electrolyte fuel cell research and development reports presented at fiscal 2000 meeting; 2000 nendo kotai kobunshigata nenryo denchi kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokukai yoshishu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-08

Contained in this book are the summaries of 26 essays presented at an achievement reporting conference on polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) research and development held in Tokyo on March 8, 2000. In the development of high-efficiency energy systems for transportation and residential/commercial sectors, 6 essays are summarized, involving ion exchange membranes, normal pressure operation type several kW class power source systems for home use, and so forth. For the practical application of high-efficiency fuel cell systems, 12 essays are summarized, involving technologies of PEFC low cost electrodes, PEFC module manufacturing, hydrogen separation type reforming, PEFC system manufacturing, and so forth. In relation to the establishment of technologies for a fuel cell popularization infrastructure and development of key technologies for high-efficiency fuel cells, 2 essays are summarized, involving the construction of a popularization infrastructure and development of evaluation test equipment, and the like, for automotive fuel cells. In relation to the development of key technologies and verification thereof for the practical application of fuel cells, 6 essays are summarized, covering the research and development of hydrogen producing liquid fuels and hydrogen absorbing alloys. (NEDO)

Numerical simulation of fuel sprays and combustion in a premixed lean diesel engine; Kihaku yokongo diesel kikan ni okeru nenryo funmu to nensho no suchi simulation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Miyamoto, T; Harada, A; Sasaki, S; Shimazaki, N; Hashizume, T; Akagawa, H; Tsujimura, K

1997-10-01

Fuel sprays and combustion in a direct injection Premixed lean Diesel Combustion (PREDIC) engine, which can make smokeless combustion with little NOx emission, is studied numerically. Numerical simulation was carried out by means of KIVA II based computer code with a combustion submodel. The combustion submodel describes the formation of combustible fuel vapor by turbulent mixing and four-step chemical reaction which includes low temperature oxidation. Comparison between computation and experiment shows qualitatively good agreement in terms of heat release rate and NO emission. Computational results indicate that the combustion is significantly influenced by fuel spray characteristics and injection timing to vary NO emission. 10 refs., 8 figs., 1 tab.

Effects of mechanical stimulating treatment on self-organization phenomena of materials; Kikaiteki reiki shori. Zairyo no jiko soshikia gensho ni oyobosu sono koka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hida, M. [Okayama University, Okayama (Japan). Faculty of Mechanical Engineering

1999-03-31

The atoms and atom clusters around dislocation cores in crystals or surface layer deformed by mechanical energy are locally excited so as to give rise some chemical reactions and to self-organize their products into a kind of Spatial-Temporal Pattern Formation as a dissipative structure. A famous coupling phenomenon between mechanical and chemical process in solid materials must have been mechanical alloing. This report explains that various mechano-chemical treatments are powerfull method for entraining the solid system into non-equilibrium states and interesting phenomena stimulated by the mechanical self-catalysis reaction causing self-organization. (author)

Reduction of nitrogen in the excretion on Japanese flounder using Ulva and Capitellid; Anaaosa to itogokai ni yoru hirame haisetsubutsuchu no chisso shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Honda, H.; Kikuchi, K.; Sakaguchi, I. [Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-03-01

To develop the culture residue treatment technique using aquatic organisms, the ammonia and nitrate uptake rates of seaweed Ulva and the nitrogen reduction rate of polychaeta annelid Captella sp. with organic sediment predaceous ability were examined in the excretion of Japanese flounder. Nitrogen uptake rate of Ulva was affected by water temperature. It was highest at 20degC, followed at 15degC and 25degC in the order. It was not affected by light intensity between 1500 and 6000 lux. Ammonia and nitrate uptake rates by Ulva were estimated to be 28.2 and 14.6 {mu}g-N/g/h at 20degC under 3000 lux, respectively. Proportion of feces excreted from Capitellid to ingested sediments was 0.38. At 25degC, Capitellid population of one thousand individuals ingested-N at the rate of 24 mg-N/day, and excreted the feces-N of Capitellid at the rate of 7 mg-N/day. About 70% of nitrogen in the sediment was reduced through this process. 15 refs., 9 figs., 13 tabs.

FY 1994 report on the results of the R and D of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC); 1994 nendo SOFC kotai denkaishitsugata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-05-01

Development of fuel cell power generation technology and R and D of solid oxide fuel cells were carried out, and reports of the FY 1994 results of companies were summed up. As to the R and D of the cell module, R and D were conducted of 'large area cell' by Fuji Electric Corporate R and D, Ltd. and 'combined cell module' by Sanyo Electric Co. As to the R and D of materials/basic technology, the following were conducted: 'R and D of the electrode micro structure' by Japan Fine Ceramics Center, 'R and D of the electrode structure by thermal spraying method by Fujikura Ltd., 'R and D of the multi-functional fuel electrode' by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., 'R and D of the cofiring technology' by Murata Mfg. Co., and 'R and D of the current collecting technology' by Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co. Concerning the R and D of the system, 'the system study' by Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry' and 'development of element technology for periphery devices' by The Japan Research and Development Center for Metals. (NEDO)

FY 1994 report on the results of the R and D of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC); 1994 nendo SOFC kotai denkaishitsugata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-05-01

Development of fuel cell power generation technology and R and D of solid oxide fuel cells were carried out, and reports of the FY 1994 results of companies were summed up. As to the R and D of the cell module, R and D were conducted of 'large area cell' by Fuji Electric Corporate R and D, Ltd. and 'combined cell module' by Sanyo Electric Co. As to the R and D of materials/basic technology, the following were conducted: 'R and D of the electrode micro structure' by Japan Fine Ceramics Center, 'R and D of the electrode structure by thermal spraying method by Fujikura Ltd., 'R and D of the multi-functional fuel electrode' by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., 'R and D of the cofiring technology' by Murata Mfg. Co., and 'R and D of the current collecting technology' by Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co. Concerning the R and D of the system, 'the system study' by Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry' and 'development of element technology for periphery devices' by The Japan Research and Development Center for Metals. (NEDO)

Study of selective oxidation of methane catalyzed by solid superacid in unique reaction field; Tokushu hannoba no kotai chokyosan wo mochiiru methane no sentaku sanka hanno ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Misonoo, M; Tatsumi, T; Mizuno, T; Inumaru, T [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-02-01

Selective oxidation of lower alkanes by use of heteropolymeric compounds is studied. Alkanes are activated on Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40 serving as catalyst, and their activity and selectivity improve when the catalyst is developed into a dual function catalyst in which Cs and Pt are combined. A success is reported of the synthesis of a heteropolymeric acid in which two molecules of the coordination element wolfram are replaced with a transition metal of the first period, on which acid the oxidation of cyclohexane is enhanced. Cs2.5Ni0.08H1.34PVMo11O40 as a metal/heteropolymeric acid dual function catalyst enables the direct oxidation (9% recovered at 340{degree}C) of isobutane into a methacrylic acid, which is attributed to the harmonious coordination of the oxidizing work of the catalyst and acidity. It is possible to oxidize propane into the acrylic acid, but not ethane into the acetic acid. In the case of Pd/Cs2.5H1.5PVMo11O40, the formic acid, methanol, etc., are produced upon addition of hydrogen to the system. This reaction in the hydrogen/oxygen system is supposed to take place via activated oxygen seeds as in the case of oxidation by hydrogen peroxide. 10 refs.

Burning rate characteristics of energetic CMDB propellants. Part 2. Effect of HMX addition; Ko enerugi CMDB suishin yaku no nensho sokudo tokusei ( II ) - HMX tenka no koka -

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aoki, I. [Nissan Motor Co. Ltd. (Japan)

1997-08-01

Burning rate and specific impulse of a solid propellant are extremely important parameters in a design of a solid rocket motor. In this study, the relations between the burning rate and the amount of energy contained in HMX-CMDB propellants wherein the amount of energy is varied by adding HMX (High Melting Point Explosive). The following results are obtained. The final flame temperature is getting higher when the amount of energy is increased by adding HMX into a double-base propellant. The higher the final flame temperature is, the lower the burning rate is. Dark zone temperature, as a physical property, is lowered when the containing amount of energy is increased by adding HMX into the double-base propellant. This is because that, when weight fraction of HMX is increased, reaction heat at burning surface decreases, and the reaction in fizz zone is getting slower. The higher the dark zone temperature is, the higher the burning rate is. 20 refs., 11 figs., 1 tab.

FY1995 development of novel processes for copper concentrates without producing sulfuric acid; 1995 nendo hiryusan hasseigata no atarashii doshigen shori gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

To develop a novel process for copper concentrates which includes leaching of copper with acidic cupric chloride solutions, aiming at the recovery of sulfur in its elemental form, and leaching of gold from the residue with dissolved bromine. The effect of bromide ions on the leaching of chalcopyrite with 1.0 mol dm{sup -3} CuCl{sub 2} has been investigated at 353 K, and it was found that bromide ions have no influence on the leaching rate and the morphology of elemental sulfur deposited on the surface of chalcopyrite. Dissolved bromine has trivial effects on the morphology and oxidation of porous elemental sulfur covering the residue. However, the dissolved bromine even at 0.02 mol dm-3 depresses the leaching rate of chalcopyrite significantly. Electrotechnical oxidation of cuprous ions, chloride ions and bromide ions in the solution has examined to understand the regeneration of leachant, and it was found that these ions are oxidized simultaneously on the anode surface under the condition of galvanostatic electrolysis, but these oxidants diffuse toward the bulk of solution and react with their reductants. Thus the redox potential of the solution increases gradually showing the temporary stagnation in potential for oxidation of Cu{sup +}, Br{sup -} and Cl{sup -} ions respectively. (NEDO)

FY 1999 Report on research and development project. Research and development of high-temperature air combustion technology; 1999 nendo koon kuki nensho seigyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The high-temperature air combustion technology recently developed greatly advances combustion technology. The technology, when applied to the other areas, may expand its applicable areas and contribute to environmental preservation, e.g., abatement of CO2 emissions. This is the motivation for promotion of this project. The combustion technology, developed by improving functions of industrial furnaces, cannot be directly applied to the other combustion heaters. This project is aimed at extraction of the problems involved, finding out the solutions, and thereby smoothly transferring the technology to commercialization. This project covers boilers firing finely pulverized coal, waste incineration processes and high-temperature chemical reaction processes, to which the new technology is applied. It is also aimed at establishment of advanced combustion control basic technology, required when the high-temperature air combustion technology is applied to these processes. In addition to application R and D efforts for each area, the basic phenomena characteristic of each combustion heater type are elucidated using microgravity and the like, to support the application R and D efforts from the basic side. This project also surveys reduction of environmental pollutants, e.g., NOx and dioxins. This report presents the results obtained in the first year. (NEDO)

FY 1992 Report on results of the survey/research project commissioned by Sunshine Project. Surveys on hydrogen-fired turbines; 1992 nendo suiso nensho turbine no chosa seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1993-03-01

Summarized herein are results of comprehensive surveys on hydrogen energy supply/utilization systems, centered by hydrogen-fired turbines for power generation. The surveyed items include hydrogen energy supply/utilization systems on an international scale, current state of power generation techniques and utilization of hydrogen, hydrogen-fired turbines for power generation, materials techniques for hydrogen-fired turbines, studies on and evaluation of economic viability of each system, expected effects, and problems involved in development. The surveys on the hydrogen production techniques pick up electrolysis with a solid polymer electrolyte as a promising candidate, and extract the scaling-up techniques, improvement of membrane durability, etc. as the research themes. The surveys on the hydrogen storage/transportation techniques indicate that hydrogen can be carried by a chemical medium for transportation/storage at normal temperature and pressure, for which the problems associated with medium loss and safety must be studied, and that the research themes for hydrogen-occluding alloys should include increasing quantities of hydrogen occluded for bulk transportation/storage at low energy, and decreasing cost. The surveys on hydrogen-fired turbines extract a number of problems to be solved, e.g., controlling hydrogen combustion, turbine designs, materials withstanding superhigh temperature for high-temperature combustion of hydrogen, and optimization of the power generation systems. (NEDO)

FY 1999 Report on research results. Research and development of high-temperature air combustion technology (Attachments); 1999 nendo koon kuki nensho seigyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Shiryoshu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This project surveys the actual conditions of dioxins emissions discharged from the waste incinerators in commercial service, in order to establish the database for evaluating the effects when the (high-temperature air combustion technology) is applied to waste incinerators. The survey covers 1018 totally continuous incinerators and 724 quasi-continuous incinerators in service in Japan, and the data are analyzed by incinerator types and items for correlating each element with one another, based on The Waste Incinerator Register issued by The Wastes Research Foundation and Dioxins Concentrations in Flue Gases from General Waste Incinerators issued by Health and Welfare Ministry. For 1105 mechanized batch type combustion furnaces and 159 stationary batch type combustion furnaces, only discharged dioxins concentrations are analyzed by incineration capacity. The attachments include (1) report on the survey results of the actual conditions of dioxins emissions, (2) report on the survey results of the actual conditions of dioxins concentrations in flue gases discharged from general waste incinerators, (3) report on the survey results of the actual conditions of NO emissions discharged from sewer sludge incinerators, and (4) and (5) report on the survey results of the actual conditions of NO emissions discharged from fluidized bed type general waste incinerators. (NEDO)

Geothermal development promotion survey. No.B-4 'Kuenohira-yama area'; 1997 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa data shori hokokusho. No.B-4 Kuenohira-yama chiiki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-01-01

The above-named survey had been scheduled to be conducted in fiscal years 1996-1998 for an approximately 10km{sup 2}-large area of Kokonoe-cho, Kusu-gun, Oita Prefecture. In fiscal 1996, surface surveys were conducted, such as geological and alteration zone surveys, gravity prospecting, and electromagnetic survey. In fiscal 1997, an exploration well (N9-KH-1: depth 2,222.0m) was drilled. Since the maximum temperature in the well was found to be so low as 78.5 degrees C, the survey was given up in the second year. The survey conducted at N9-KH-1 showed that deep-seated and shallow-seated ruptures developed there in the absence of aquicludes, and so it was inferred that it was a recharge area, as predicted by the temperature logging profile, with surface water flowing into the depth. The above showed that there was no deep-seated blind geothermal system which the survey was after. Since it was not likely that the shallow-seated geothermal system located in the southern part of the Mizuwake pass would be found expanding into the area of the current survey, it was decided that the survey not be carried forward to the following fiscal year. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 research report on the basic study on the effect of microgravity on living individuals; Bisho juryoku no seibutsu kotai ni taisuru eikyo no kiso kenkyu 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

In order to clarify the effect of microgravity on vital functions and organisms at a cell level, this research studies the molecular biological response function of higher animals, the gravity acceptable mechanism of single-cell organisms, the effect of gravity on geotaxis of insects, measurement of monoamine system neurotransmitters of rat hippocampus by dialysis in a brain and the effect of microgravity on it, the effect of microgravity on water and bone metabolism functions and immunity function, and the analysis of BZ reaction as a simple model of vital reaction. The themes of the research are as follows: the effect of microgravity environment on cell fusion, the analysis of gravity acceptable mechanisms of single-cell organisms, the effect of oriental medical treatment on bone metabolism anomaly of mouses under microgravity environment, the effect of oriental medical treatment on change in physiological function under microgravity environment, the effect of microgravity environment on immunity systems, the effect of gravity on cell activities, the effect of a gravity field on chemical oscillation reaction, and the effect of gravity on geotaxis of insects. (NEDO)

Achievement report on research and development in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1976. Research related to hydrogen combustion technologies; 1976 nendo suiso nensho gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1977-03-01

Regarding the Sunshine Project, this paper describes characteristics and technologies of hydrogen combustion, problems in developing combustion devices and conceptual design thereof, catalytic combustion, hydrogen energy systems, and economic evaluation on hydrogen fuel as a heating energy. Hydrogen combustion could emit small amount of NOx if it is sufficiently pre-mixed with air, but at the same time could cause reverse ignition very easily making its practical use difficult. Abolishing the air pre-mixture would cause no fear of reverse ignition, but generate much more NOx than from hydrocarbon fuels. Even if attempting to apply conventional methods such as two-stage combustion, partial stack gas recirculation, water addition, and lean burn systems, many of them cannot be applied as they are, requiring research and development efforts. Discussions on hydrogen energy as a system included those on thermo-chemical hydrogen manufacturing using heat from high temperature gas reactors (using water as the raw material), and electrolytic hydrogen gas manufacturing utilizing surplus electric power from high speed breeder reactors. Whether these methods could be used in markets economically will depend on manufacturing efficiency and cost of hydrogen gas. As the economic evaluation on hydrogen as fuel, discussions and considerations were given on introduction priority in the industrial heating furnace field. (NEDO)

Explosive treatment of Illinois No.6 coal with a mixed solvent of water and cyclohexanol; Mizu-cyclohexanol kongo yozai ni yoru Illinois tan no bakusai shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hashimoto, T.; Takada, H.; Asami, K.; Yano, M. [Osaka City University, Osaka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1996-10-28

Coal was treated at high temperature under high pressure in the binary system mixed solvent of water and organic solvent, and the solvent treated coal was liquefied. When the treated coal was treated again by the explosive method in which high temperature and pressure were released immediately, the oil yield was higher than that by the normal method in which high temperature and pressure were reduced gradually to room temperature and atmospheric pressure. In this study, an explosive treatment unit with increased scale of sample amount was newly fabricated. Illinois No.6 coal was treated by the explosive method in a mixed solvent of water and cyclohexanol using this unit. Changes in shape on the surface, specific surface area, and functional groups were analyzed. The explosively treated coal contained more amount of low boiling point components than the normally treated coal. It was suggested that the oil yield of explosively treated coal increased due to the liquefaction of these components during the successive hydrogenation process. For the explosively treated coal, micro pores were fractured by the rapid change in the volume of solvent molecules, and the specific surface area was smaller than that of the normally treated coal. When the treatment temperature was increased from 300{degree}C to 350{degree}C, specific surface areas of both the treated coals increased. 2 refs., 3 figs., 2 tabs.

Experimental study on the effective utilization of combusted scallop cultivation waste. Hotate yoshoku haikibutsu no yuko riyo no tame no shokyaku shori joken no jikkenteki kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hase, Y [The Tohoku Electric Power Co. Inc., Sendai (Japan)

1993-06-15

Discussions are given on treatment methods that can utilize scallop cultivation wastes effectively. Tests to incinerate and convert the main scallop shell content, calcium carbonate, into calcium oxide (CaO) discovered optimal incinerating conditions of a temperature at 750[degree]C and a duration for 30 minutes, and 700[degree]C and one hour. CaO content in burnt shells was so high that they could be used as a raw material for quick lime. In the incineration and conversion tests on wastes from shell processing factories, the result of X-ray diffraction in chemically combined conditions of inorganics before and after the incineration revealed that the main component Ca existed as CaCO3, which may be converted into CaO when incinerated. The result also showed that the second component, Mg, existed as MgO after the incineration. From the above results, incinerating the wastes from shell processing factories at 750[degree]C would be capable of incinerating organic components completely and reducing their weights. Because the inorganic residues have high CaO content, they could be utilized effectively as a quick lime raw material. Although shells to be incinerated have low salt content because of having been boiled, salt content in scallop processing factory wastes will require discussions on possibilities of its corroding an incineration furnace. 3 figs., 7 tabs.

Analysis of flow and turbulence in high pressure spray by image processing technique. Gazo shori ni yoru koatsu funmunai ni okeru ryudo to midare no kaiseki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yamaguchi, I. (Japan Automobile Research Institute, Inc., Tsukuba (Japan)); Nishida, M.; Nakahira, T.; Komori, M.; Tsujimura, K.

1992-07-01

The image processing technique (reported previously) developed for analyzing combustion in a diesel engine was applied to measuring flow and turbulent intensity in a high pressure spray. Copper vapor laser beam in a sheet form with a thickness of 0.2 mm was injected into the cross section of a spray center in a container. Photographs of the scattered lights of the beam is converted into digital values and analyzed using an image processing equipment. With the laser light emitting frequency set to 20 KHz at a maximum, the flow velocity is measured from changes in photographic image density in two subsequent photographs, and the turbulence intensity from changes in brightness intensity. As a result, it was clarified that the flow velocity and the turbulence intensity in the spray cross section increase with raising the spray pressure. Further discussions are being made on the measuring method, including changes in the image brightness associated with entrance and exit of spray particulates into the laser beam sheet, and effects of the laser beam sheet thickness on the measurements of the turbulence intensity. 6 refs., 6 figs.

Achievement report for fiscal 1998. Development of control system technologies such as combustion with energy consumption rationalized; 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Energy shiyo gorkika nensho nado seigyo system gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

To improve and optimize fuel control systems, basic technologies were studied for building SiC devices capable of high-temperature operation. The technologies involved the construction of single-crystal SiC substrates, development of element technologies such as conduction control, experimental production of SiC devices, and systems incorporating SiC devices for controlling, for example, combustion. The subjects of research and development for fiscal 1998 included the technologies related to common SiC semiconductor substrates (SiC substrate crystallinity evaluation by X-ray topography, thermal oxidation acceleration by ion irradiation, and annealing of ion-implanted SiC by excimer laser ), technologies of forming an SiC single crystal into a substrate, technologies related to SiC sensors, technologies related to SiC devices capable of operation at high temperature and high speed, technologies related to SiC devices for controlling, and technologies for controlling, for example, combustion. The subjects of basic researches at universities and research institutes included new crystal growing methods, ion beam-aided SiC synthesis, effect of irradiation of SiC with neutrons, and nuclear conversion implantation. (NEDO)

Improvement of combustion in a direct injection diesel engine by the use of a combustion-hole injection nozzle; Kumiawase funko nozzle ni yoru chokusetsu funshashiki diesel engine no nensho kaizen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shoji, T. [Mitsubishi Motors Corp., Tokyo (Japan); Kamimoto, T. [Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo (Japan)

1998-04-25

Suppression of pre-mixed combustion and activation of diffusion combustion in DI diesel engines are known to be effective in reducing both NOx and fuel consumption. To achieve this concept, the authors have proposed a new type of fuel injection nozzle named combination-hole nozzle. This nozzle has very small holes with a diameter of 0.13 mm below (sub holes) for reducing ignition delay and normal holes (main holes) for keeping reasonable injection duration. The experiments conducted with a single cylinder research engine revealed that the combination-hole nozzle reduced the ignition delay and the peak value of the rate of heat release during the premixed combustion by 10% and 40% respectively compared with the experimental results of conventional nozzles and that the trade-off curve between NOx and fuel consumption sifted to the low level corner at half and full load conditions at a low engine speed. The reason for this improvement was investigated by the measurement of flame temperature distribution in the combustion chamber by means of the two colors method. The result revealed that the flame temperature in regions between sub and main hole`s flames of the nozzle was lower than that of the flames of a conventional nozzle at a full load and a low speed condition. 13 refs., 10 figs., 3 tabs.

Research on adoption of graphic processing system into electric power facilities operation management. Denryoku setsubi kanri gyomu ni okeru zukei shori system no tekiyo ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jitsubuchi, Yoshiyasu; Uryu, Kenji; Terasaki, Naoaki (Kyushu Electric Power Co., Inc., Fukuoka (Japan))

1989-03-30

In the technical department of electric power companies, there are innumerable single line diagram, machinery arrangement plan and other facilities drawings. Based on those drawings, facilities planning, work design, construction plan, maintenance and management data, etc. are made, for which making heightening is desired in efficiency of drawing filing management. Therefore, research was made on the adoption of CAD technology through modeling power transmission line, and power generating and transforming station operation management. First for the application of power transmission facilities, the power transmission line plan and facilities information were planned to be unified in management. Ie., the power transmission line plan and profile being shown on the display, symbols of steel towers, cable lines, etc. were further picked by mouth to easily substantiate the facilities. While image input and CAD of drawing were made in combined treatment. Then for the application to the power generating and transforming facilities, the single line diagram and facilities information were unified in management, together with demonstration of data interchangeability among different kinds of CAD system. 13 figs., 9 tabs.

1998 Annual Study Report. Standardization of image processing for digital home equipment; 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Kateiyo digital denshi kiki ni okeru digital gazo shori no hyojunka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The electronic industry should invariably correspond to MPEG-4, when considering the essential conditions for home information equipment of the next generation to be used massively. This project is aimed at formulation of the standard platform for MPEG-4, and identification of the necessary examples and corresponding the necessary tools/functions thereto, to give an impetus for the future development, and to positively provide the additional aids to the tools which strengthen MPEG-4 in the arena of promoting the international standardization. The efforts in this year began with investigations on the assumption of the concrete application examples, considered from the standards' structures, and were concentrated on investigations on characteristic problems involved in each of the system, server and client blocks which constitute the system, and then on identification of the products application, based on the analysis of the MPEG-4 profiles and levels. These have led to selection of an MPEG-4 receiver as the case study item for extracting problems possibly involved in assembling works. (NEDO)

Geothermal development promotion survey. No.B-4 'Kuenohira-yama area'; 1997 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa data shori hokokusho. No.B-4 Kuenohira-yama chiiki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-01-01

The above-named survey had been scheduled to be conducted in fiscal years 1996-1998 for an approximately 10km{sup 2}-large area of Kokonoe-cho, Kusu-gun, Oita Prefecture. In fiscal 1996, surface surveys were conducted, such as geological and alteration zone surveys, gravity prospecting, and electromagnetic survey. In fiscal 1997, an exploration well (N9-KH-1: depth 2,222.0m) was drilled. Since the maximum temperature in the well was found to be so low as 78.5 degrees C, the survey was given up in the second year. The survey conducted at N9-KH-1 showed that deep-seated and shallow-seated ruptures developed there in the absence of aquicludes, and so it was inferred that it was a recharge area, as predicted by the temperature logging profile, with surface water flowing into the depth. The above showed that there was no deep-seated blind geothermal system which the survey was after. Since it was not likely that the shallow-seated geothermal system located in the southern part of the Mizuwake pass would be found expanding into the area of the current survey, it was decided that the survey not be carried forward to the following fiscal year. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 research report. R and D on advanced combustion technology under microgravity environment; 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Bisho juryoku kankyo wo riyoshita kodo nensho gijutsu soshutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Research was made on explication of a combustion phenomenon by using a microgravity facility, and a combustor possible to realize advanced combustion technology. In the basic research composed of 5 themes by the international joint research with NASA, 52 drop experiments using JAMIC's facility and 100 drop experiments using NASA's 2.2s drop tower were carried out. The themes are composed of an interaction in droplet arrays combustion, combustion of binary fuel sprays, combustion characteristics of solid fuel, flame dynamics around a lean flammability limit, and mass transfer around a combustion field. In the experiment using the microgravity experiment facility and analysis evaluation of the experimental data, studies were made on combustion and evaporation of fuel droplets, combustion characteristics of dense fuel, flammability limit, formation mechanism of NO{sub x} and an advanced combustor. For applying a pre-evaporating/pre- mixing combustion system to a combustor for aircraft engines, studies were made on some issues such as improvement of a combustion stability, NO{sub x} discharge characteristics, and optimum fuel atomizing. (NEDO)

International research cooperation in fiscal 1997. Report on the research, development, and evaluation of environmentally-friendly combustion technologies; Kokusai kyoryoku jigyo. Kankyo chowagata nensho gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu hyoka hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Concerning the research and development of environmentally-friendly combustion technologies that had been conducted for six years beginning in 1992, analysis and discussion were made by a special committee dedicated to the evaluation of the efforts, and the outcome is stated. In the study of zeolite-base catalysts, a highly active catalyst was developed which assumes a multilayer structure of mordenite, etc., with titanium introduced thereinto using an NO-selective reducing catalyst. As for metal complex oxide-base catalysts, various catalysts high in activity were developed, based on saponite which is a laminar, clayey compound. As for alumina-base catalysts, details were learned of the reaction mechanism and catalysis activation sites and, helped by the findings, a silver-supporting alumina catalyst was produced. In the study of direct decomposition type NOx removing catalysts, a success was achieved in causing NO to be decomposed with high selectivity in an oxygen atmosphere by use of new-type electrodes, functional layers, and solid electrolytes. In the field of catalytic combustion, a PdO-Pt/Ba-Al2O3 catalyst was developed, which is to serve for a hybrid type catalytic combustion method. 19 refs., 112 figs., 25 tabs.

Fiscal 1998 research report. R and D on advanced combustion technology under microgravity environment; 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Bisho juryoku kankyo wo riyoshita kodo nensho gijutsu soshutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Research was made on explication of a combustion phenomenon by using a microgravity facility, and a combustor possible to realize advanced combustion technology. In the basic research composed of 5 themes by the international joint research with NASA, 52 drop experiments using JAMIC's facility and 100 drop experiments using NASA's 2.2s drop tower were carried out. The themes are composed of an interaction in droplet arrays combustion, combustion of binary fuel sprays, combustion characteristics of solid fuel, flame dynamics around a lean flammability limit, and mass transfer around a combustion field. In the experiment using the microgravity experiment facility and analysis evaluation of the experimental data, studies were made on combustion and evaporation of fuel droplets, combustion characteristics of dense fuel, flammability limit, formation mechanism of NO{sub x} and an advanced combustor. For applying a pre-evaporating/pre- mixing combustion system to a combustor for aircraft engines, studies were made on some issues such as improvement of a combustion stability, NO{sub x} discharge characteristics, and optimum fuel atomizing. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1975 Sunshine Project research report. General research on hydrogen energy subsystems and their peripheral technologies (Research on hydrogen combustion technology); 1975 nendo suiso nensho gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1976-03-01

This research mainly aims at establishment of various conditions necessary for using hydrogen fuel. The research includes (1) properties of hydrogen-methane mixture gas, and the proposal to future R and D, (2) extraction of various problems in practical use of home or industrial combustors, and evaluation of existing technologies, (3) the environmental impact of hydrogen fuel and its reduction measures, and (4) estimation of energy structures in cities and placing of hydrogen fuel in 2000. Detailed study items are as follows. In (1), general and proper combustion characteristics of and combustion technology for hydrogen- methane mixture system. In (2), problems for every use of various gas equipment, application of various gas equipment to hydrogen, peripheral technologies, conversion from natural gas, problems of heating furnaces and hydrogen burners, combustion safety/control equipment for various combustors, water content recovery combustion system, hydrogen embrittlement, and sealing. In (3), NO{sub x} generation in hydrogen combustion and its reduction measures. In (4), problems in introduction of a hydrogen-electric power energy system to an assumed model city in 2000. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1981 on Sunshine Program. Basic research on solvent treatment technology for coal; 1981 nendo sekitan no yozai shori gijutsu no kiso kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

This research aims to prepare basic data on extraction liquefaction, which is one of the techniques of producing clean liquid fuels and chemical materials from coal, and thereby to contribute to the development of this process. The items taken up in this research are Item 1 on basic research using a small reactor, Item 2 on research on short-duration hydrogenation reaction in the intermediate temperature range, and Item 3 on basic research on the realization of a continuous operation. Item 1 is divided into Item (1) on primary hydrogenation extraction and Item (2) on secondary hydrogenation treatment. Under Item (1), hydrogenation characteristics are investigated of low rank coal with the Chinese brown coal heading the list and, under Item (2), the result of cleaner light oil production through secondary hydrogenation using different catalysts and the result of extraction from brown coal though secondary hydrogenation using a Co-Mo based catalyst are stated. Item 3 has been incorporated into Item 2 to stay there from this fiscal year on, and is divided into Item (1) on primary hydrogenation extraction and Item (2) on secondary hydrogenation treatment. Under Item (1), the result of a test operation of a small-size continuous coal hydrogenation extraction liquefaction unit using bituminous coal as specimen is reported and, under Item (2), the outline of a small-size fixed bed hydrogenation treatment unit newly installed this fiscal year is described. (NEDO)

FY1995 study of low power LSI design automation software with parallel processing; 1995 nendo heiretsu shori wo katsuyoshita shodenryoku LSI muke sekkei jidoka software no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The needs for low power LSIs have rapidly increased recently. For the low power LSI development, not only new circuit technologies but also new design automation tools supporting the new technologies are indispensable. The purpose of this project is to develop a new design automation software, which is able to design new digital LSIs with much lower power than that of conventional CMOS LSIs. A new design automation software for very low power LSIs has been developed targeting the pass-transistor logic SPL, a dedicated low power circuit technology. The software includes a logic synthesis function for pass-transistor-based macrocells and a macrocell placement function. Several new algorithms have been developed for the software, e.g. BDD construction. Some of them are designed and implemented for parallel processing in order to reduce the processing time. The logic synthesis function was tested on a set of benchmarks and finally applied to a low power CPU design. The designed 8-bit CPU was fully compatible with Zilog Z-80. The power dissipation of the CPU was compared with that of commercial CMOS Z-80. At most 82% of power of CMOS was reduced by the new CPU. On the other hand, parallel processing speed up was measured on the macrocell placement function. 34 folds speed up was realized. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on research and development of combustion technology utilizing microgravity conditions for fuel diversification; 2000 nendo bisho juryoku kankyo wo riyoshita nenryo tayoka nensho gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

This project is aimed at development of optimum combustion technology with diversified fuels, e.g., naphtha and LCO, for gas turbines and others as power sources for topographical energy supply. The combustion under the microgravity is also investigated using the underground facilities at Japan Microgravity Center. Described herein are the FY 2000 results. For construction of combustion model and simulation, the combustion reactions for various liquid fuels are simplified to calculate ignition delay, adiabatic flame temperature and laminar burning velocity with an error less than about 3%. The microgravity combustion experiments are conducted for spray dispersed into a cylinder, to find flame propagation velocities changing with the vaporization characteristics of liquid fuels, and also to construct the combustion models. The premixed turbulent combustion simulation program is developed using a probability density function and analyzed. Development of new combustion technologies includes the study themes of flame propagation and combustion of the air mixture of the multi-component fuel in which the spray exists, combustion characteristics of the droplets of diversified fuels, and combustion of gas turbines with diversified fuels. A propane/air mixture shows different flame propagation characteristics whether it contains kerosene or LCO droplets. The effects of electrical field intensity in the combustion zone on combustion of fuel droplets are elucidated. (NEDO)

Conditioning of data for cyclic variation of IMEP under lean burn operation in a spark-ignition engine; Hibana tenka kikan no kihaku nensho untenji ni okeru zushi heikin yuko atsuryoku no hendo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ishii, K.; Urata, Y.; Yoshida, K.; Ono, t. [Honda Motor Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-07-25

In this study, we investigated the relationship of indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) for a spark ignition engine under lean combustion with the cyclic variation of mass fraction burned by measuring the energy release from the spark plug, intensity of the light emission from the flame and the cylinder pressure at the same time. In order to minimized an error in the initial and late combustion sages of the mass fraction burned to be obtained by cylinder pressure, spark plug energy and intensity of light emission were measured. As a result, it was found that there are three main causes of cyclic variation of IMEP. These consist of the burning speed during the initial stage of combustion, variation in the total mass fraction burned, and variation of the late burning during the late expansion stroke. Thus, we determined that there is a favorable interrelationship between the IMEPs and the corrected mass fraction burned. 13 refs., 9 figs., 1 tab.

1998 Annual Study Report. Standardization of corrosion resistance testing/evaluation methods for coated steel sheets; 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Hyomen shori koban no taishokusei shiken hyoka hoho no hyojunka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

In order to develop the evaluation methods for reappearing corrosion characteristics of coated steel sheets in a short time, acid rain composition and artificial acid rain composition for the accelerated test were studied, and the cyclic corrosion tests were conducted. The literature survey shows that the main ionic species present in acid rain are Ca{sup 2+}, Mg{sup 2+}, Na{sup +}, K{sup +}, NH{sub 4}{sup +}, SO{sub 4}{sup 2-}, NO{sub 3}{sup -}, and Cl{sup -}, of which the acid rain components are SO{sub 4}{sup 2-} and NO{sub 3}{sup -}, their equivalent ratio (NO{sub 3}{sup -}/ SO{sub 4}{sup 2-}) in the Far Eastern area being 0.2 to 0.3. Therefore, the solution specified by ASTM 1141 is diluted 30 times with water to prepare the base solution for the accelerated tests, where its acidity is adjusted with a mixed acid of NO{sub 3}{sup -}/ SO{sub 4}{sup 2-} = 0.2 to 0.3 (pH: 3.0 to 4.0). Two sets of preliminary cyclic corrosion tests were conducted, one involving acid rain spraying, drying and humidification in this order, and the other acid rain spraying, humidification and drying. Analysis of the test data indicates that difference between these test cycles in corrosion rate is within a deviation range caused by different testing tools. Therefore, the former condition is adopted as the basis for the accelerated tests, because of its smaller deviation caused by different testing tools. (NEDO)

FY 1994 report on the cooperative research on the biological use mine wastewater treatment technology; 1994 nendo bio riyo ni yoru kohaisui shori gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

In this project, a pilot plant for mine wastewater treatment facilities using Thiobacillus ferrooxidans was installed at the Wushan mine in China to study the operation using the bacteria habitable in this mine. The project aims at establishing the mine wastewater treatment technology using the method of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans in China. The field survey and study in Japan were carried out. In the field survey, the technical guidance was given for incubation method, neutralization experiment method and analysis method of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. In the study in Japan, one kind of bacteria to be used was selected in the 'selection test for the optimum kind of bacteria,' and a study was made which was titled 'Study of mine wastewater treatment using the method of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans which is suitable for the mine site.' In 'Study of the optimum removal of heavy metal in mine wastewater,' a table test of sulfide precipitation method was conducted on copper removal/recovery to make formation conditions of copper sulfide clear. The conditions obtained were reflected in 'Study of mine wastewater treatment by the method of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans which is suitable for the mine site,' and various conditions for bacteria oxidation process were studied. The paper surveyed characteristics of heavy metal and temperature of Chinese strains. Further, the basic data were acquired which contribute to the production of inorganic flocculants. (NEDO)

Development and field example of multi channel surface wave data acquisition and processing system (SWS-1); Multi channel hyomenha data shutoku shori system (SWS-1) no kaihatsu to jikkenrei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liu, Y [Huashui Institute of Geophysical Exploration, (China); Wang, Z [Bureauof Engineering MGMR, (China); Zhang, Z [STG Corp., (China); Tanaka, Y

1996-05-01

A report is given here about the use of a newly-developed multi-channel surface wave data acquisition and processing system different from the conventional surface wave exploration device. This system enables the on-site pickup of a dispersion curve out of the multi-component surface wave data and, in the analysis of underground structure, performs the forward modeling and inversion. The system, furthermore, acquires and analyzes the data obtained from reflection earthquake exploration and constant microtremor observation. During a survey conducted along the highway from Port Ren-un to Xuzhou, China, estimation of the basement boundary was made by use of dynamite, and what was obtained agreed with the result of boring though with an error of 3m. In addition, this system could probe levels deeper than 100m using the instantaneous Rayleigh wave exploration method. This system and the conventional surface exploration device were compared in a soft ground in Fukui Prefecture, the former using a 10kg hammer and the latter using a 350kg exciter, when it was verified that the results produced by both techniques excellently agree with the geologic columnar section and changes in the N-value. 4 refs., 4 figs.

Removal of odor originating from kitchen wastewater treatment facilities by activated carbon impregnated iodic acid; Chubo haisui shori shisetsu kara hasseisuru akushu no yososan tenchaku kasseitan ni yoru jokyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yano, H.; Hashimoto, S.; Yonemura, S. [Shimizu Corp., Tokyo (Japan); Shoda, M. [Research Laboratory of Resources Utilization, Yokohama (Japan)

1997-07-10

Activated carbon impregnated iodic acid (deodorant D) was developed as a new deodorant. Deodorization performance of deodorant D as well as three kinds of commercial activated carbons (deodorant A, B and C) was tested for odors originating from the kitchen wastewater treatment facilities of one commercial building. The odor exhausted from this facility was medium concentration between 422 and 31,620. The main odorous compounds were hydrogen sulfide (0.076 to 15.7 ppm) and methyl mercaptan (not detected to 0.081 ppm). The hydrogen sulfide contribution to the odor concentration was about 90%. The main apparatuses from which the odors were originating were the raw water tank and the pressurized flotation tank. The total odor emission rate was between 10{sup 4.9} and 10{sup 5.7} Nm{sup 3}/min. For the performance test for deodorants, fixed bed adsorption experimental equipment was used, and the breakthrough time of odor concentration and hydrogen sulfide were used as indexes. Correlation between the contact time and the breakthrough time was observed for all of the deodorants. For a contact time of 0.5 sec, the breakthrough times for odor concentration were D>C>B>A, and the breakthrough times for hydrogen sulfide were D>C>B>A. Effectiveness of activated carbon impregnated iodic acid was recognized. 11 refs., 7 figs., 7 tabs.

Experimental study of gas combustion fluidized bed and radiation contribution to heat transfer inside the bed. Gas nensho ryudoso to sono sonai netsudentatsu ni okeru fukusha no kiyo ni tsuite no jikkenteki kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yamada, Y; Takahashi, S [Mechanical Engineering Lab., Tsukuba, Ibaraki (Japan); Maki, H [Science Univ. of Tokyo, Noda, Chiba (Japan). Faculty of Science and Technology

1992-11-25

Fluidized bed as a coal combustion boiler has a practical application, but, there is not an example of which gas like helium as a cooling medium flow in a thin tube with diameter of 6 mm like a stirling engine and necessary data for selecting the medium of fluidized bed and estimating the heat transfer coefficient. Specially, it is difficult to correctly estimate the radiation effect concerned with the heat transfer coefficient in case of interposing the heat transfer tube at 800 [degree]C in the high-temperature fluidized bed at more than 900 [degree]C. Therefore, for investigating the thermal characteristics when the temperature of pipe itself is at high temperature, in the gas combustion fluidized bed in which alumina particle as fluidized medium is filled, the cooling tubes by using carbonic acid gas as a cooling medium was interposed, heat transfer coefficient was measured, radiation effect was clarified by experiment, and characteristics of the gas combustion and of the exhaust gas of fluidized bed when gas is used for a fuel was investigated. 13 refs., 12 figs., 1 tab.

Improvement of sensitizatiuon in weld metals of austenitic stainless steels by laser surface melting treatment. Report 3. Study on low temperature sensitization in weldments of austenitic stainless steels ans its improvement by laser surface melting treatment; Reza hyomen yoyu shori ni yoru sutenresu ko yosetsu kinzoku no enbinka kaizen. 3. Osutenaito kei sutenresu ko yosetsubu no teion enbinka to reza hyomen yoyu shori ni yoru sono kaizen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nishimoto, K. [Osaka Univ., Osaka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering; Mori, H. [Osaka Univ., Osaka (Japan). Graduate School; Yamamura, T. [Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-05-05

Laser surface melting treatment used for the improvement of intergranular corrosion resistance of sensitized austenitic stainless steel weld metal was studied. As a result, it was revealed that as compared to untreated material, sensitization was improved widely and intergranular corrosion resistance was improved to a level of base metal when laser surface melting treatment of sensitized weld metal was carried out. Further, sensitization effect at a condition of laser traveling velocity of 0.00167m/s was slightly insufficient compared to that of laser traveling velocity above 0.00833m/s. This phenomena was caused due to the existence of {delta} ferrite that accelerates the precipitation of Cr carbides inside the laser treatment portion and together with this, the Cr carbides are precipitated in {delta}/{gamma} grain boundary due to the effect of laser heat cycle with insufficient cooling velocity and this has caused desensitization. 16 refs., 13 figs., 3 tabs.

NAL-Tokyo Institute of Technology: Oxygen concentration on the surface of the solid, C[sub 6]0 are used, and it succeeds in the measurement. Kotai hyomen no sanso nodo, C[sub 60] mochii sokuteini seiko

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1998-12-31

NAL succeeded in oxygen concentration measurement on the surface of the solid which fralen (C[sub 6]0) which was the same base body in cooperation with Tokyo Institute of Technology, biotechnology course as to carbon was used for fralen absorbs light, and materiality to be returned in the condition (base bottom condition) of the place by this activated condition's reacting for the activated condition with oxygen is used. The condition that became of this fralen was used, and oxygen pressure (concentration) developed how to measure it. Oxygen pressure on the surface of the irradiation is measured the light with applying fralen on the surface of the measurement solid and spraying oxygen gas on the application side. So far, 100 points and more of holes were made on the surface of the model, and a pressure sensor was installed, and pressure measurement was being done, and it was as it were the measurement of the meeting body of the point in the aircraft and the wind experiment of the rocket model. The application of fralen, light only irradiates it, and oxygen pressure can be measured easily in the way of measuring it this time. Moreover, it is the measurement of the non-contact and non-destruction side. The illuminant, which makes fralen activated condition again, is sufficient with the visible light, and it is said that it doesn't need to use purple outside light about it. If light can irradiate it again, the surface pressure of which part can be measured, too. (translated by NEDO)

NAL-Tokyo Institute of Technology: Oxygen concentration on the surface of the solid, C{sub 6}0 are used, and it succeeds in the measurement; Kotai hyomen no sanso nodo, C{sub 60} mochii sokuteini seiko

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-12-31

NAL succeeded in oxygen concentration measurement on the surface of the solid which fralen (C{sub 6}0) which was the same base body in cooperation with Tokyo Institute of Technology, biotechnology course as to carbon was used for fralen absorbs light, and materiality to be returned in the condition (base bottom condition) of the place by this activated condition`s reacting for the activated condition with oxygen is used. The condition that became of this fralen was used, and oxygen pressure (concentration) developed how to measure it. Oxygen pressure on the surface of the irradiation is measured the light with applying fralen on the surface of the measurement solid and spraying oxygen gas on the application side. So far, 100 points and more of holes were made on the surface of the model, and a pressure sensor was installed, and pressure measurement was being done, and it was as it were the measurement of the meeting body of the point in the aircraft and the wind experiment of the rocket model. The application of fralen, light only irradiates it, and oxygen pressure can be measured easily in the way of measuring it this time. Moreover, it is the measurement of the non-contact and non-destruction side. The illuminant, which makes fralen activated condition again, is sufficient with the visible light, and it is said that it doesn`t need to use purple outside light about it. If light can irradiate it again, the surface pressure of which part can be measured, too. (translated by NEDO)

FY 1998 annual report on the development of fuel cell power generation techniques. Research and development of solid electrolyte fuel cells (research results); 1998 nendo nenryo denchi gijutsu kaihatsu. Kotai denkaishitsugata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Described herein are the FY 1998 research and development results of solid electrolyte fuel cells. For R and D of the tubular type cell by the wet processing technique, the tests are conducted to evaluate the initial performance and long-term durability for continuous operation of the single tubular cell. For development of the several-kW class modules, computer-aided simulations are conducted. For R and D of material and substrate techniques, the thermal cycle characteristics, cell characteristics and stress of the cell modules are evaluated, in order to evaluate their reliability. The thermal cycle test results indicate that performance of the single-stage cell is unaffected by the thermal cycles. It is found by the stress evaluation that use of the separator plate having a higher thermal expansion coefficient than the electrolyte plate and use of the sealant having a thermal expansion coefficient close to that of the electrolyte plate are effective means to reduce stresses. For the research to reduce costs of the cell materials, their chemical, mechanical and thermal characteristics are evaluated. For the system research, the areas for which the compact systems are suitable and their optimization are studied. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the survey of the freon recovery/treatment technology for construction use heat insulating materials; 2000 nendo chosa hokokusho. Kenchiku yo dannetsuzai furon kaishu shori gijutsu chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2002-03-01

An investigational study was made of the quantity of the specified freon remaining in the construction use heat insulating material, the rational method for the recovery/treatment, etc. As to the standardization of the method to analyze the remaining freon quantity, the tube furnace - GC method and the MS method were proposed, and the basic items that can be developed to JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard) were standardized. In the estimation of the remaining freon quantity, the actual state of the use of heat insulating materials was surveyed from the statistics on the start of construction work, survey of the heat insulating area in actual buildings and listening to heat insulation workers/cold store construction companies, etc. Further, the remaining quantity was analyzed of samples collected from various buildings nationwide and by years of completion. As a result, it was found out that, even in samples before 1995, HCFC is used in about 10% and that, in case of limiting to the specified freon (CFC), the freon remaining quantity was more than 1-4 wt% even after a lapse of 30 years. The paper arranged subjects on the freon recovery/treatment in each stage of the life cycle and the required conditions for technology/equipment. (NEDO)

Treatment of bilge and oily drain water of tankers and current measures against combustible oil gas discharge; Tanker no biruji yudakusui shori oyobi kanensei sekiyu gas haishutsu taiskau no genjo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Agatsuma, Y.

1996-07-25

This paper describes the current actual conditions on treatment of bilge discharged from engine area and oily drain water from cargo area of tankers. Clean bilge among various bilges discharged from engine area such as vapor drain, fresh water, rainwater, seawater and condensed water is directly dumped into the sea after temporary storage in a clean tank. Oily bilge is produced mainly by mixing of clean bilge and leakage oil from main engines and various auxiliaries. Oily bilge is dumped into the sea under comparative monitoring of the bilge quality with the dumping standard by oil concentration monitoring and control equipment after the primary treatment in a treatment tank and the secondary treatment in a bilge separator. Oily drain water from cargo area contains water ballast for cargo oil tanks, wash water for tanks and lines, and bilge produced in pump room. The oily drain water is dumped under a specific condition. However, water ballast for specific ballast tanks is excluded from the oily drain water. 2 figs.

3D seismic survey in Honjo, Akita. Problems and struggles in acquisition and processing; Akitaken Honjo koku ni okeru sanjigen jishin tansa. Genba sagyo to data shori ni okeru mondaiten

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Imahori, S; Kotera, Y; Nakanishi, T [Japan Energy Development Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-05-27

Honjo mining area where investigations are conducted is hilly and has a complicated terrain with gas pipes buried in the ground just under the access road disabling the proper positioning of shock-generating large excavators or vibrators. Auger`s shallow hole shooting method is used in this survey to execute blastings at 639 points. In this method using charge depths of 4m, different from the conventional method using deeper charge depths (20-25m), surface waves prevail in the shot records giving rise to a new problem of removing them in the stage of data processing. The 2D filter that is a powerful tool in 2D data processing is not available in a 3D-survey where the tracing intervals are irregular in the shot records. In the effort of this time, a window length as a parameter in the direction of time is specified, and the F-X dip filtering method is employed in which any event that linearly continues beyond a certain number of traces in the said window is eliminated as a linear noise. It is recommended that the weighting function be changed in the direction of space since surface wave velocities are different at different locations. 1 fig., 1 tab.

Fiscal 1997 international cooperation project. Report on the results of the research on environmental harmony type combustion technology; 1997 nendo kokusai kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo. Kankyo chowagata nensho gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Out of the R and D on the environmental harmony type combustion technology, the results of the project carried out in fiscal 1997 were summed up. In the site survey, etc., visits were paid to France, Spain, Greek, Germany, the U.K. and the U.S. to have discussions and examine the trend of research on the NOx removal catalyst and catalyst combustion. In the actual R and D, the R and D were conducted on zeolite base NOx removal catalyst, oxide composite base NOx removal catalyst, alumina base NOx removal catalyst, direct decomposition type NOx removal catalyst, catalyst combustion, etc. In the R and D of the catalyst combustion, durability under high gas flow flux was examined of PdO-Pt/Ba-Al203 catalyst developed for low temperature use, which indicated that durability and low temperature activity were heightened. As high temperature use catalyst, high temperature durability was examined of the developed Pd0-La/Gd-ZrO2 catalyst, which showed that the durability was favorable. 322 refs., 261 figs., 55 tabs.

Fiscal 1999 achievement report. Research and technology of important regional technologies (Development of combustion control system technology for rationalizing energy use); 1999 nendo energy shiyo gorika nensho nado seigyo system gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For upgrading and optimizing combustion control systems, research and development is conducted for materializing SiC devices capable of high-temperature operation. In the development of basic technologies common to various types of SiC semiconductor devices, XeCl excimer laser annealing is applied to SiC implanted with Al ions, and low-damage ion implantation is studied. In the development of techniques for forming SiC single crystals into substrates, warpage of 20{mu} or less, surface coarseness of 5{mu}m or less, etc., are achieved in 1-inch and 2-inch wafers. In the development of SiC sensor technology, techniques of heteroepitaxial growth of 3C-SiC on Si substrates and of 6H-SiC on 6H-SiC wafers are established and an optical sensor is built experimentally. A high-temperature UV sensor, switching device for control, rectification device for control, etc., are built of nitrogen ion implanted 6H-SiC. In the effort to develop combustion control system technology, the principle of system operation of the combustion control method proposed under this project is verified. (NEDO)

Report on research cooperation for bio-aided treatment of waste water from pits, conducted in FY1997; 1997 nendo bio riyo ni yoru kohaisui shori gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This research cooperation promotion project was implemented to develop techniques for preventing water pollution by waste water from pits in mines in China and thereby contributing to environmental preservation by studying to select optimum bacteria, culture the bacteria for high-efficient oxidation of iron, efficiently remove heavy metals from waste water, develop waste water treatment techniques with the aid of the iron-oxidizing bacteria, suitable for the mines in China, and develop techniques for recovering useful resources. The bio-aided waste water treatment process is a suitable method for treating waste water discharged from mining pits, in which ferrous iron present in waste water is oxidized with the aid of iron-oxidizing bacteria growing with ferrous ion as the energy source into ferric iron, which is precipitated at a low pH and removed in the presence of inexpensive calcium carbonate as the neutralizer. The pilot plant has been operating smoothly in a mode to treat waste water discharged from mining pits in Wushan Mine, almost satisfying the targets of treated water properties, i.e., pH: 0.5 or less, Cu: less than 0.5, Zn: less than 2.0, Pb: less than 1.0, Cd: less than 0.1, As: less than 0.5, Mn: less than 2.0, and SS: less than 70, all in mg/L except for pH. (NEDO)

Thermal relaxation of bituminous coal to improve donation ability of hydrogen radicals in flash pyrolysis; Sekitan kozo kanwa ni yoru suiso radical kyoyo noryoku no kojo wo mezashita netsubunkai mae shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mori, T.; Isoda, T.; Kusakabe, K.; Morooka, S. [Kyushu University, Fukuoka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering; Hayashi, J. [Hokkaido University, Sapporo (Japan). Center for Advanced Research of Energy Technology

1996-10-28

In terms of coal conversion reaction, the behavior of bituminous coal heated beyond a glass transition point was examined on the basis of pyrolyzed products, and the effect of an increase in proton mobility on promotion of coal decomposition was evaluated. In experiment, after Illinois bituminous coal specimen was heated up to a specific temperature in N2 or He gas flow at a rate of 5K/min, the specimen was directly transferred to a pyrolyzer for instantaneous pyrolysis. As the experimental result, the glass transition temperature of the Illinois coal specimen was calculated to be 589K from a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) profile. From the pyrolysis result of the Illinois coal specimen heated up to 623K, the char yield decreased by 3kg as compared with that of the original coal, while the tar yield increased by 4kg up to 27kg per 100kg of the original coal. This tar increase was larger than that of cooled coal. These results suggested that the donation of hydrogen radicals to coal fragments is improved with an increase in proton mobility. 4 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.

Adaptability of drowsiness level detection that measures blinks utilizing image processing to changes in the ambient light; Hikari kankyo no henka ni tekiosuru kao gazo shori ni yoru inemuri unten kenchi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kaneda, M; Obara, H; Nasu, T [Nissan Motor Co. Ltd, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-10-01

A drowsiness warning system that measures blinks utilizing image processing technology has a number of issues that need to be resolved. One issue is the adaptability of the system to changes in the ambient light environment in the actual vehicle interior. We have devised image processing software which is robust to changes in the ambient light. The drowsiness detection performance of the system was evaluated in laboratory tests and actual driving tests. It was found that the system can has a positive effect on detecting drowsiness level. 3 refs., 10 figs.

Report on the project for spread/promotion of technology for the industrial waste optimized treatment in the Asian region; Asia chiiki sangyo haikibutsu tekiseika shori gijutsu nado fukyu sokushin jigyo hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The International Symposium `98 on the industrial waste problem in the Asian region was held in Tokyo on February 18, 1998. MITI commented on the present situation of the industrial waste problem in Japan and Japan`s environmental tackling toward the Asian region, and also Asian countries (China, the Philippines, Thailand and Korea) made reports. Japan reported on environmental preservation measures taken in the industrial circle, the industrial waste problem at companies which advanced into Asian countries, effects of the Basel Convention (which restricts border-crossing movement of harmful wastes) on recycle activities, Japan`s role in Asia, etc. In the panel discussion, discussions were made on human interchange in the informatization, recycling technology, shortage of personnel concerned with environmental protection, construction of a network in the Asian region and Japan` s role, etc. As to the treatment system for waste, the necessity was recognized of studying systems which meet with actual states of each country. It is also necessary to go on with discussing how the system should be for cooperation between governments and private companies. Importance of the recycle and information exchange was emphasized. 10 refs., 14 figs., 27 tabs.

FY 1995 result report. Research/development on the creation of high-grade combustion technology using a microgravity environment; 1995 nendo seika hokokusho. Bisho juryoku kankyo wo riyoshita kodo nensho gijutsu soshutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

This report summarized the results of the research survey carried out by Japan Space Utilization Promotion Center (JSUP) under the contract with NEDO's industrial technology research and development department. This research survey is aimed at creating high-grade combustion technology which can respond to the decrease in environmental pollutant in combustion exhaust gas from viewpoints of energy diversification and global environmental preservation in consideration of the stabilized energy supply. Established inside JSUP is a research/development committee on high-grade combustion technology which is organized by men of learning and experience from universities, national institutes, private companies, etc. Following FY 1994, the following were continuously conducted: (1) joint research with NASA as an international research cooperation; (2) test using microgravity test facilities and analysis/evaluation of the test data. The experiment was conducted using facilities, etc. of the underground gravity-free test center established as a part of the national research base arrangement project. A lot of experimental data were obtained and stored which are useful for elucidation of the combustion mechanism and the development of ground combustor. (NEDO)

FY 1996 result report. Research/development on the creation of high-grade combustion technology using a microgravity environment; 1996 nendo seika hokokusho. Bisho juryoku kankyo wo riyoshita kodo nensho gijutsu soshutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

With the aim of creating high-grade combustion technology which can respond to the decrease in environmental pollutant in combustion exhaust gas, the high-grade combustion technology research development committee was established inside JSUP (Japan Space Utilization Promotion Center), using the underground gravity-free test center. Following FY 1995, the following were conducted: (1) international joint research with NASA, and (2) tests using microgravity test facilities, etc. and analysis/evaluation of the test data. As to the international joint research, a lot of new information was obtained through the adjustment conference with NASA. Further, there were a lot of results obtained from joint tests and researches. Moreover, the leading experimental device and measuring device which are usable in the microgravity field were developed/prepared. Conducted were combustion/evaporation evaluation experiments on fuel droplet and groups of droplet, combustion characteristics elucidation evaluation experiments on high-density fuels, evaluation experiment on flammability limits, and elucidation evaluation experiments on emission mechanism of NOx, etc. Through those, abundant experimental data were able to be accumulated, and a lot of precious knowledge/information were obtained. Besides, the fabrication of high-class combustor test equipment for ground demonstration was started. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1993-1998 integrated research report. R and D on advanced combustion technology under microgravity environment; 1993 - 1998 nendo sogo seika hokokusho. Bisho juryoku kankyo wo riyoshita kodo nensho gijutsu soshutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For developing advanced combustion technology by using JAMIC's facility, the advanced combustion technology research committee supported by researchers of universities, national institutes and industries was prepared in JSUP, and R and D using a microgravity experiment facility and the international joint research with NASA were carried out. By using the advanced experimental equipment and measuring instrument developed for microgravity experiments, studies were made on combustion and evaporation of fuel droplets, combustion characteristics of dense fuel, flammability limit and NO{sub x} generation mechanism, and such precious results were obtained as storage of abundant experimental data, explication of a combustion mechanism, preparation of a database and find of new phenomena. In the ground verification experiment using the newly fabricated advanced combustor test equipment, various data effective for developing high-efficiency low-pollution combustors were obtained. Through the joint research with NASA including 5 themes, various results and the real relationship between the researchers were also obtained. (NEDO)

New concept of combustion technology in small DI diesel engines. 4th Report. Effects of fuel injection rates on MK combustion; Kogata chokufun diesel kikan no shinnensho concept. 4. Funsharitsu no MK nensho eno eikyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kimura, S; Matsui, Y; Kamihara, T [Nissan Motor Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-10-01

A previous paper showed that EGR cooling and a low compression ratio which prolongs the ignition delay can expand the area of the new combustion concept. Experimental investigations were conducted in this research to examine the effects of the fuel injection rates, the injection pressure and the injection duration, on the exhaust emissions of an engine incorporating the MK concept The results showed that a higher injection pressure was effective in reducing NOx and particulate matter (PM) under MK combustion conditions. 10 refs., 9 figs., 1 tab.

Fiscal 1998 research report. Popularization project of the proper treatment technology of industrial wastes in Asian regions; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Asia chiiki sangyo haikibutsu tekiseika shori gijutsu nado fukyu sokushin jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Study was made on popularization of the proper treatment technology of industrial wastes in Asian regions. In principle, industrial wastes should be recycled in a country concerned, however, because of a difference in technology and industrial location, treatment of all industrial wastes in a country concerned is impossible. International cooperation is thus indispensable to promote proper efficient practical measures for environment. For studying the possibility of the international cooperation between Japan and Asian countries concerned for further recognition and solution of industrial waste problems, 'International Symposium on the Asian Industrial Waste Issue' have been held in Tokyo since 1997 for governmental staffs. In fiscal 1998, Malaysia was invited in addition to China, Philippines and Thailand for popularization of the proper treatment and recycling of industrial wastes in Asian regions. In every Asian countries, poor collection of discharge, treatment and disposal data is an obstacle to effective treatment. Technical cooperation and financial support by developed countries are demanded. (NEDO)

Surface treatment method for hydrogen adsorbing alloy powder and alkali secondary battery fabricated by applying the method; Suiso kyuzo gokin funmatsu no hyomen shori hoho to sorewo tekiyoshite eraeta arukari niji denchi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nishimura, K. [Furukawa Electric Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan); Sawa, H. [The Furukawa Battery Co. Ltd., Yokohama (Japan)

1997-03-07

Corrosion of alloy proceeds in the conventional hydrogen absorbing alloy because the composing hydrogen absorbing alloy powder contacts with high concentration alkali electrolyte in the battery. Immersion into alkali aqueous solution and pulverization by metal fluoride compound of the electrode have been practiced to solve the problem, but internal resistance of the battery increases and the charge and discharge properties of the battery are deteriorated. This invention relates to a method in which hydrogen absorbing alloy electrode powder or the hydrogen alloy electrode whose main content is the said powder is contacted with alkali aqueous solution to increase the specific surface area of the hydrogen absorbing alloy powder, followed by its contact with pH3-6 acidic aqueous solution containing fluorine ions. As a result, corrosion resistance of the surface of hydrogen absorbing alloy powder after the treatment against high concentration alkali electrolyte is improved to elongate the cycle life. Salts of LiF, NaF, KF, RbF, and CsF or their hydrogen salts can be used as the supply source of fluorine ions. 3 tabs.

Changes in contaminant composition at landfill sites. (9). ; Application of soil covering to treatment of alkaline seepage water. Umetate ni okeru odaku seibun no doko. (9). ; Alkali sei shinsutsueki no gaido shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ono, Y; Sugai, T; Masuda, T; Watanabe, Y; Kobayashi, S [Saitama Institute of Environmental Pollution, Saitama (Japan)

1990-10-29

Recently, alkaline seepage water has been found in many landfill sites. Strong alkaline seepage water results from the use of alkaline agents, such as quicklime and slaked lime, for water removal from waste. In the present report, the neutralizing ability of different types of soil is studied to provide a method to neutralize seepage water by using soil covering at landfill sites. Results show that clay contained in soil is playing a major role in neutralizing alkaline seepage penetrating the soil. Clay generally has negative electric charges, suggesting that positive ions in alkaline water is neutralized after being replaced by hydrogen ions. Another major factor is the carbonate ion and carbon dioxide existing in soil, which precipitate and solidify calcium hydroxide as calcium carbonate to achieve neutralization. Investigations indicate that top soil comprising volcanic ash is useful as material for soil covering. 2 figs., 5 tabs.

FY 1998 annual report on the study on development of corrosion-resistant ceramic materials for garbage incinerators; 1998 nendo gomi shori shisetsuyo taishoku ceramics zairyo no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Described herein are the FY 1988 results of development of corrosion-resistant ceramic materials for garbage incinerators. Residue released when porcelain stocks are collected is selected as the inexpensive stock for SiO{sub 2}-Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}-based refractory materials. It is incorporated with carbon black and reduced at 1,200 to 1,500 degrees C in a nitrogen atmosphere. Synthesis of the target Si-Al-C-N-O-based compound succeeds in the presence of a solid catalyst, but it is a fine powder, and hence that of the massive compound fails. The commercial ceramic materials and new refractory materials, made on a trial basis, are evaluated for their resistance to corrosion using fry ashes collected from a commercial incinerator. These ashes are higher in melting point, more viscous, holding a larger quantity of attached slag and more corrosive than synthetic ashes. These materials are corroded acceleratedly as temperature increases to 1,200 degrees C or higher, more noted with the ceramic materials than with the refractory materials. Oxidation and melting characteristics of the molten slag affect corrosion of some materials. Use of the graphite-based material shall be limited to a section below the slag surface, where graphite is oxidized to a smaller extent. The MgO-based material is promising. The Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}-Cr{sub 2}O{sub 3}-based material is more promising than any other material developed in this study. Their bending strength before and after the corrosion test is measured at normal temperature to 1,700 degrees C, to investigate their deterioration by high temperature and corrosion. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 research report. Popularization project of the proper treatment technology of industrial wastes in Asian regions; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Asia chiiki sangyo haikibutsu tekiseika shori gijutsu nado fukyu sokushin jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Study was made on popularization of the proper treatment technology of industrial wastes in Asian regions. In principle, industrial wastes should be recycled in a country concerned, however, because of a difference in technology and industrial location, treatment of all industrial wastes in a country concerned is impossible. International cooperation is thus indispensable to promote proper efficient practical measures for environment. For studying the possibility of the international cooperation between Japan and Asian countries concerned for further recognition and solution of industrial waste problems, 'International Symposium on the Asian Industrial Waste Issue' have been held in Tokyo since 1997 for governmental staffs. In fiscal 1998, Malaysia was invited in addition to China, Philippines and Thailand for popularization of the proper treatment and recycling of industrial wastes in Asian regions. In every Asian countries, poor collection of discharge, treatment and disposal data is an obstacle to effective treatment. Technical cooperation and financial support by developed countries are demanded. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1995 international research cooperation project. Report on the R and D result of the environmental harmony type combustion technology; 1995 nendo kokusai kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo. Kankyo chowagata nensho gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

The research and development were conducted jointly with Europe of an environmental harmony type high efficient catalyst which enables clean combustion and NOx removal in polluted gas in combustion flue gas, etc. In the research and development of NOx removal catalyst such as zeolite base, reformation of mostly mordenite was done by ion exchange, ion implantation, skeleton element substitution, etc. A possibility was found out of applying the membrane formation method except ion implantation as reforming means. In the R and D of the complex oxide base NOx removal catalyst, it was found that the catalyst carrying copper and silver on silica and layer clay compound under optimum conditions shows peculiarly high activity, and there is little decrease in the activity, but rather increase in it even under vapor existence. An evaluation was made of NO resolution of direct resolution element carrying noble metal electrolyte on solid electrolyte, finding out that the highest NO selectivity is shown with Pd as electrolyte and at a baking temperature of about 1300degC. Development of high- and low-temperature catalysts was also made. 417 refs., 286 figs., 63 tabs.

Research and development achievement report for fiscal 1994 concerning the creation of advanced combustion technologies utilizing the microgravity environment; 1994 nendo bisho juryoku kankyo wo riyoshita kodo nensho gijutsu soshutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

The development committee concluded an agreement about on-site researches with NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) for an international joint study, and the joint study was started at the underground microgravity center. Experiments were conducted at microgravity experimenting facilities and the data obtained were subjected to analysis and evaluation, which eventually contributed to the accumulation of useful data. In this fiscal year, microgravity experimenting facilities were utilized for experiments and tests for (1) the evaluation of the combustion and vaporization of fuel droplets and fuel droplet arrays, (2) analysis and evaluation of high-density fuel combustion characteristics, (3) evaluation of flammability limits, and (4) elucidation of the mechanism of the generation of NOx and the like. A total of 112 drop tests were conducted, and the acquired data were subjected to analysis and evaluation for the elucidation of the combustion mechanism, and findings were collected as mentioned below. Learned were the combustion behavior of fuel droplets such as ignition and flame propagation under item (1), combustion behavior such as ignition and combustion of high-density fuel under item (2), combustion behavior and combustion limits of premixed fuel under (3), and measurement of distribution of combustion products such as OH in the droplet fuel flaming zone under item (4). (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 international research cooperation project. Report on the R and D result of the environmental harmony type combustion technology; 1996 nendo kokusai kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo. Kankyo chowagata nensho gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The research was conducted jointly with Europe of a catalyst which enables clean combustion and NOx removal in polluted gas in combustion flue gas, etc. Reformation of mordenite and {beta}-zeolite was done by ion exchange, ion implantation, and membrane formation. A catalyst was searched for to obtain reducing agents, C5-C8 components, by decomposing light oil. Saponite, clay compound, showed by copper and silver ion exchanges approximately 50% of activity under 20,000h{sup -1}, C3H6 reducing agent, and without steam. The effect of the temperature of sintering on NOx selective reductionality of silver-carrying alumina catalyst was studied, and in sintering at 800degC, activity increased. When using conductive oxides like ruthenium oxide for electrolyte, NO decomposition selectivity increased. As to the functional layer carried above the Pd electrolyte, iron oxide and magnesium oxide increased NO decomposition selectivity. PdO and rare earth oxides forming compounds controlled variation of activity by dissociation/reoxidation of PdO. As to PdO/Gd203, the initial methane combustion activity was favorable, but there was seen deterioration with age. 271 refs., 281 figs., 58 tabs.

FY 1992 report on the results of the commissioned research and development project. R and D of SOFC (solid oxide fuel cells); 1992 nendo nenryo denchi hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. SOFC kotai denkaishitsugata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1983-05-01

The research and development project is carried out for fuel cell power generation technologies and solid electrolyte type fuel cells, and the reports on the FY 1992 results issued by the participant organizations are summarized. For R and D of the modules, Fuji Electric conducted the R and D for the large-area, cell-stacked type, and Sanyo Electric for the composite cell-stacked type. For R and D of the materials and fundamental technologies, Fine Ceramics Center is conducted the R and D for microscopic structures of the electrode, Fujikura for electrode structures produced by spraying or the like, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries for multi-functional fuel electrodes, Murata Seisakusho for co-sintering technologies, and Mitsui Shipbuilding for current collecting technologies. For R and D of the systems, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry conducted the R and D for the systems, Electric Power Development and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries jointly for designs of the cell peripheries, and the Japan Research and Development Center for Metals for elementary technologies for the peripheral devices. (NEDO)

FY 1999 Report on research and development of power generation by solid electrolyte fuel cell. Research and development of solid electrolyte fuel cell; 1999 nendo nenryo denchi hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu kotai denkaishitsugata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu kenkyu seika

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-06-01

This project is aimed at establishment of the module basic technology and commercialization of the solid electrolyte fuel cell in the early stage by designing, construction, operation and performance evaluation of a several kW-class module which incorporates the cylindrical cell fabricated by the wet process. The FY 1999 R and D efforts include (1) cell performance demonstration study: the cylindrical single cell fabricated by the wet process is demonstration-tested to determine the initial performance and durability for continuous operation, thereby comparing the external reforming with internal reforming in output, with the internal reforming rate as the parameter, (2) development of a several kW-class module: the adequate cell arrangement structure within the module is studied by the computer-aided simulation, and the tests for confirming thermal cycle durability of the modified bundle are conducted using the module power generation unit and the several kW-class module is tested, and (3) development of the technology for designing a thermally supported module: the effects of, e.g., air and fuel supply conditions on the module performance are analyzed using the analytical model as the base. Expansion of the module level to the process simulation model has been completed, based on these results. (NEDO)

FY 1993 report on the results of the commissioned research and development project. R and D of SOFC (solid oxide fuel cells); 1983 nendo nenryo denchi hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. SOFC kotai denkaishitsugata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-05-01

The research and development project is carried out for fuel cell power generation technologies and solid electrolyte type fuel cells, and the reports on the FY 1993 results issued by the participant organizations are summarized. For R and D of the modules, Fuji Electric conducted the R and D for the large-area, cell-stacked type, and Sanyo Electric for the composite cell-stacked type. For R and D of the materials and fundamental technologies, Fine Ceramics Center conducted the R and D for microscopic structures of the electrode, Fujikura for electrode structures produced by spraying or the like, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries for multi-functional fuel electrodes, Murata Seisakusho for co-sintering technologies, and Mitsui Shipbuilding for current collecting technologies. For R and D of the systems, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry conducted the R and D for the systems, Electric Power Development and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries jointly for designs of the cell peripheries, and the Japan Research and Development Center for Metals for elementary technologies for the peripheral devices. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1993 investigational study of a model of international cooperation for an environmentally harmony type green technosystem; 1993 nendo Oshu ni okeru haikibutsu shori oyobi recycle no doko ni kansuru chosa kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

For the natural environment preservation, effective utilization of resources, and maintenance of the ecosystem, an international cooperation model was proposed for the environmental harmony type green technosystem. A comprehensive evaluating analysis of a green forest resource, etc. as the global resource, and an intensive extraction of subjects and needs was made. The analysis was conducted of technical possibility and abstract business development effects toward the industrialization with high values added which is in harmony with the environment. As a case study, the Papua New Guinea area, Malaysia was selected and re-evaluated. For this typical tropical forest area, a new technical system was studied based on the natural environment, industry/economy, social/cultural assessment, etc., and a model for industrializing new international cooperation was proposed. For the model making for industrialization, various steps to be taken and conditions to be prepared were studied and arranged for the realization. Upon going ahead with the international technical cooperation, Japan, a large lumber consuming country, needs to always consider the fostering and effective use of lumber resource in particular. 27 refs., 28 figs., 30 tabs.

Fiscal 2000 report on results. Development of technology for intermediate processing system for recycling mixed waste plastics; 2000 nendo kongo haipra saishohinka no tame no chukan shori system gijutsu no kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

R and D was conducted concerning intermediate processing technology for recycling mixed waste plastics, a technology for processing household waste plastics such as plastic containers and packaging into plastic pellets of suitable grain sizes, with fiscal 2000 results compiled. In the development of the element technologies, an air clutch structure was added that generates rotor slip when foreign matters were engaged, thereby unnecessitating pre-sorting work for locating and removing metallic foreign matters. Addition of an air separator and a sieving machine also helped to achieve a useful-plastics recovery rate of 75% or more in the PVC separation equipment. In the operation of a demonstration plant, a continuous operation was carried out in a three-shift 24-hour system for five days, with the data obtained. Further, waste plastics to which the Containers and Packaging Recycling Law was applicable were treated, resulting in the processing capacity of 0.51 t/h and the production capacity of 0.38 t/h, which both exceeded the target. In the evaluation of the intermediate processing system, the cost of waste plastics treatment turned out to be about 50,000 yen per ton in the case of a plant having a processing capacity of 6,000 tons per year and about 30,000 yen per ton in the case of a plant of 24,000 tons per year. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the geothermal development promotion survey data processing. No. B-7 Kuwanosawa area (secondary); 1999 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa data shori hokokusho. No.B-7 Kuwanosawa chiiki (dai niji)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-10-01

As a part of the FY 1999 geothermal development promotion survey - Kuwanosawa area, the following were conducted and the results were arranged: ground surface survey (electromagnetic survey, analysis of numerical map), N11-KN-1 structure test boring survey, geothermal water survey, environmental effect survey, supplementary survey related to data processing, and comprehensive analysis. As to the reservoir structure, it seems that the area is low in water permeability from the results that there was seen little lost circulation at the time of drilling N11-KN-1 and that transmission coefficients in the water poring test indicated smaller values than those of the production well. In the underground temperature distribution, the temperature at a depth of 1,800m was 164.5 degrees C, which is lower than that in the neighboring Wasabizawa area. The geothermal water of N11-KN-1 does not have many dissolved constituents, showing alkalescence, which belongs to the Na-HCO{sub 3} type. As to the geothermal water of N11-KN-1, it seems that the meteoric water went down along faults and fractures, was stored in basement rocks and heated by heat conduction to form the geothermal water. In the Kuwanosawa area, there are seen very few geothermal signs on the ground surface, and a possibility seems to be small that high temperature and dominated geothermal fluids are active on a large scale. (NEDO)

Processing of the reflection seismic data which were acquired in the continental shelf off the north-west Australia; Australia hokusei tairikudana chiiki ni oite shutokusareta hanshaho chishitsu tansa data no shori ni tsuite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Amano, H [Japan National Oil Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1996-05-01

Reflection exploration of earthquakes was conducted in the continental shelf off the north-west Australia, and a report is made concerning the processing of the acquired data. A GI gun was used as the vibration source, and a wave quite similar to a pulse was generated. Hydrophones were arranged with group intervals of 12.5m, and high-resolution field data were acquired. An analog low cut filter was used to suppress the large-amplitude swell noise attributable to sea conditions. A digital filter was designed for the purpose of eliminating coherent noises from other survey ships. At the ultimate stage the f-k filter was applied to each of the shot records, and the effectiveness was verified. The traverse line was as long as 6700km and therefore the design window was set relatively long at 2.0-4.0s in the residual static correction phase. It was found that this setup is effective in improving the continuity of the reflection surface. 5 figs., 1 tab.

Report on geothermal development promotion survey data processing in fiscal 1997. Tsujinodake Area No. B-6 (first report); 1997 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa data shori hokokusho. 1. Tsujinodake chiiki No.B-6

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-09-01

This paper reports the achievements in the geothermal development promotion survey data processing in fiscal 1997 for Tsujinodake Area. Geological, alteration band and fluid geochemical surveys, gravity and electromagnetic exploration, and environment influence survey were generalized to summarize the state of existence of geothermal resources. Sea water permeated into deep underground portion was mixed with meteoric water from Ikeda Lake and Unagi Pond; heated by deep hot water originated from magma pools as the source of volcanic activities after formation of the Ata caldera; the resultant neutral high salt concentration hot water has risen on the Takeyama-Tsujinodake structural line; and was reserved in deep portion of Mr. Tsujinodake. The sea water permeated into deep underground portion was heated by the same deep hot water originated from magma pools as described above, has risen along the Ata caldera wall, and been reserved in the deep portion of Kaimon Dake Spa. Around the Yamakawa geothermal power plant, the permeated sea water was heated by the same magma pools as described above and by the intrusive rocks originated therefrom as the heat source. The water has risen along the shattered belt developing around the intrusive rocks or the Takeyama-Tsujinodake structure line, and been reserved. Around the Unagi pond, mixed sea and meteoric water has risen along the Yamakawa-Matsugakubo structure line, and been reserved. (NEDO)

Improved paper quality and runability by biological process water recovery in closed water circuits of recycle mills; Saisei banshi kojo ni okeru junkansui no seibutsugakuteki shori ni yoru shihinshitsu oyobi sogyosei no kaizen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Habets, L.; Knelissen, H.; Hooimeijer, A.; Nihei, K. [Nippon Paper Industries Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1998-10-01

A lot of efforts have been made traditionally for reducing the amount of water consumption in recycled paper industry. Several mills in Europe and the North America have succeeded in running the closed white water circuit that means to make the amount of water discharge be zero by returning the effluent water back. In this paper, the relevant factors that contaminate the white water in recycled paper mills are investigated. The accumulation of substances which provide bad effects on the paper manufacturing process and product quality is caused by the closed white water circuit in the recycled paper mills. The accumulated substances in white water include microorganisms, volatile fatty acids, salts, calcium, etc. Anaerobic/aerobic treatment is used as means for reducing the consumption of chemicals and energy and minimizing residues. The first biological in line treatment plant was utilized by Zulpich Papier in Germany and its result is satisfactory in aspects of production and product quality. 5 refs., 6 figs., 2 tabs.

Engineering characteristics of the improved soil by deep mixing method using coal ash; Sekitanbai wo riyoshita FGC shinso kongo shori koho ni yoru kairyodo no kogakuteki seishitsu to kongo no tenbo ni tsuite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Watanabe, T [Center for Coal Utilization, Japan, Tokyo (Japan); Azuma, K; Watanabe, M [Electric Power Development Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1996-09-01

Japan currently produces about six million tons of coal ash annually, whose effective bulk utilization to earth engineering materials is an important issue of technological development. A slurry may be made by mixing the following three kinds of materials: fly ash discharged from power plants exclusively burning dust coal (F), gypsum generated as a by-product in a stack gas desulfurizing process (G), and commercially available cement (C). The slurry would be called an FGC slurry taking the first letters of the materials. This paper presents the results of laboratory tests, in-situ execution tests and centrifuge model testing on engineering characteristics of soils improved by the FGC slurry when the slurry is applied to implementing the deep mixing method. As a result, a large number of findings were obtained including the following matters: the FGC deep mixing method makes it possible to improve ground beds having small deformation coefficient with the same accuracy as in the cement-based deep mixing (CDM) method at strengths lower than 5 kg/cm {sup 2} which is difficult with the CDM method, not to speak of strengths equivalent to that is possible with the normal CDM method; and development of a ground bed with improved strength is possible without being governed by quality and kinds of the fly ash. 1 ref., 23 figs., 5 tabs.

Fiscal 1998 geothermal energy development promotion survey. Report on data processing (No. B-6 - Tsujinodake area - Phase 2); 1998 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa data shori hokokusho. 2. No.B-6 Tsujinodake chiiki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-01-01

The result of the data processing (Phase 1) and the result of the 1998 survey carried out for the Tsujinodake area, Kagoshima Prefecture, were subjected to a comprehensive analysis, and the state of existence of geothermal resources in this area was compiled into a report. In fiscal 1998, structural boring (N10-TD-1), thermal water examination, seismic exploration, environmental impact assessment, fluid inclusion examination, and rock dating were conducted. Some findings obtained from the comprehensive analysis are mentioned below. In the vicinity of structural borehole N10-TD-1, fluids move along geological boundaries and in permeable layers in the horizontal direction, with an aquiclude serving as a border. At levels deeper than 980m, there flows a mixture of seawater heated to approximately 135 degrees C by thermal conduction and water originating in Lake Ikeda. Still deeper, water from Ikeda Lake flows in and lowers the temperature. It is suggested that there may be a sharp and abrupt rise in temperature at levels deeper than the cooling region near the bottom of structural borehole N10-TD-1. It is inferred that the magma reservoir that produced the Tsujinodake lava is small as a heat source or that it has not yet formed a high temperature geothermal system shallow in the ground. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 geothermal development promotion survey report. Data processing (No. B-5 - Musadake region - Phase 3); 1999 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa data shori hokokusho. No. B-5 Musadake chiiki (Dai 3 ji)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-01-01

A comprehensive analysis was conducted into the results of a survey on the state of existence of geothermal energy resources in the Musadake region, Shibetsu-gun, Hokkaido. The region was volcanically active in the period from the Neogene period into the quaternary, with some volcanos still active even today. The geological structure on the whole is characterized by the Musadake/Mt. Shitabanupuri fault which is the major structure running NNE-SSW and having a folding structure. It is inferred that Musadake is the heat source responsible for the underground temperature distribution in this region. The maximum temperature of 274 degrees C is recorded at borehole N11-MD-3 in the northeastern part of Musadake, and the temperature falls rapidly as the distance from the borehole increases. Ejection of geothermal fluids is observed at boreholes N11-MD-3 and N11-MD-4. It is inferred that the deep-seated geothermal water is of the neutral Cl type with Cl concentration estimated at approximately 12,000 mg/liter. Steam composition is characterized by a gas concentration level that is as high as 3-4 vol.%. The gas is composedly mainly of CO2 and contains some hydrocarbons. Fluids in this region are classified into water mixing into deep-seated geothermal water and groundwater originating in meteoric water. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of 'the model project for effective utilization of the waste heat discharged from the combustion of paper-manufacturing sludge'; 1999 nendo seika hokoku. Seishi surajji nensho hainetsu yuko riyo moderu jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of reducing the consumption of fossil fuel and reducing emissions of global warming gases in Malaysia, a model project for thermally effective use of the sludge discharged from paper-manufacturing plant was carried out. Concretely, the paper-manufacturing sludge discharged from paper-manufacturing plant is to be dewatered and improved of its lower heating value. Then, the sludge is to be burned in fluidized bed incinerator, and the steam is to be generated by recovering heat using waste heat recovering boiler. The steam obtained is to be used as process steam of the plant. In this fiscal year, the first year of the project, the attachment to the agreement was prepared in terms of the allotment of the project work between Japan and Malaysia, various kinds of gist, schedules, etc. and signed. After that, the determination of the basic specifications for facilities was made according to the attachment to the agreement. Now, the basic design of the whole plant is being made. The design of the process flow sheet, design of the layout plan for plant equipment, etc. were finished. The goods to be purchased are now being estimated and assessed. Moreover, as to the civil engineering/construction design, drawings of the basic design are now being made. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 report on result on the model project for systematization of high-efficiency combustion of by-product gas in ironworks. Part 2/2; 1999 nendo seitetsusho fukusei gas kokoritsu nensho system ka model jigyo. 2/2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-09-01

For the purpose of reducing energy consumption of the steel industry, a large energy consuming industry in China, a model project was carried out for systematization of high-efficiency combustion of by-product gasses in ironworks, with the fiscal 1999 results compiled in the form of detailed design/documents, and the like. This project is intended for demonstration and dissemination of technologies for improving energy consumption efficiency, by controlling mixed gas calorie and oxygen content, in the reheating furnaces that consume as fuels various combustible gasses produced in iron and steel making processes. Arranged in the detailed design documentation were numerous drawings including a list of mixed gas equipment, design drawing of mixed gas orifice, specification of mixed gas control valves, list of reheating furnace equipment and devices for No.1 small plant, specification of control valves of reheating furnace for No.1 plant, list of reheating equipment and devices for slab plant, specification of calorimeter, specification of oxygen concentration meter, No.1 mixed gas wiring system diagram, and No.3 mixed gas piping/assembling manual. Also prepared were a manual for pre-shipment inspection and report on inspection findings, as well as notes on transportation, program for receiving Chinese engineers, schedule for dispatching engineers, etc. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 report on result of the model project for systematization of high-efficiency combustion of by-product gas in ironworks. Part 1/2; 1999 nendo seitetsusho fukusei gas koritsu nensho system ka model jigyo. 1/2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-09-01

For the purpose of curtailing energy consumption of the steel industry, a large energy consuming industry in China, a model project was carried out for high-efficiency combustion system for by-product gasses in ironworks, with the fiscal 1999 results reported. This project is such that, in the reheating furnaces consuming as fuels various combustible gasses produced in iron and steel making processes, systems to permit control of mixed-gas calorie and oxygen content in a reheating furnace are incorporated, with demonstration and dissemination performed for technologies on improving energy consumption efficiency. This year, site survey was conducted to obtain information needed for the basic design for the model project. The heat balance of the objective reheating furnaces revealed that the fuel consumption could be reduced by 6 to 35% by implementing the model project. Investigations were made also on the obstructive impurities contained in the by-product gasses and on the gas purification equipment, etc., which elucidated that the impurity content was about the same as that of the major ironworks in Korea and Taiwan and that there would be no problem if proper inspection and maintenance were carried out. As for the equipment and devices, the majority with software was manufactured and transported to Chingdao, China. Further, Chinese engineers were invited to Japan for technical training. (NEDO)

Development II of ion current combustion control system. Application to the lean burn system of the micro vehicle engine; Ion denryu wo mochiita nensho seigyo system no kaihatsu. 2. Keijidosha engine wo mochiita lean burn eno oyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Iida, T; Asano, M; Kajitani, M; Kuma, t; Morinaga, Y [Daihatsu Motor Co. Ltd., Osaka (Japan)

1997-10-01

The lean bum engine has not been introduced into the micro vehicle so far because of the low cost requirement and small displacement, in spite of it is one of the effective solutions which increase the fuel economy. By the way, we had already reported in the former paper that we developed the ion current combustion control system the architecture of which is cheaper than the other system. In this paper, we described the way how the above system is applied to the lean burn system of the micro vehicle engine and also we reported the gain of fuel economy and the exhaust emission level. 5 refs., 11 figs., 2 tabs.

Report on achievements in fiscal 1998. Development of an interim processing technology to re-commercialize mixed waste plastics; 1998 nendo kongo haipura saishohinka no tame no chukan shori system gijutsu no kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-09-01

The container and package recycling law is fully enforced starting fiscal 2000. Recycling obligation is placed also on plastic containers and packages discharged from households, excepting PET bottles for beverages and soy sauce. Therefore, it is required to establish an interim processing technology to process these materials into shapes easy for re-utilization and transportation, that is a technology to manufacture granules with adequate diameters. The purpose of this research is to develop the interim processing system technology. Design, fabrication and installation were performed on an interim processing system plant (a mixed waste plastic granule manufacturing facility) that can process annually waste plastics of 3,000 tons (0.5 t/h). The plant consists of the following four pieces of equipment: (1) a pulverizer, (2) a PVC sorting device, (3) a granulating device, and (4) a sizer. After the installed interim processing system demonstration plant has been trially operated and adjusted by each device, the whole plant was given the trial operation and adjustment to have verified that all the devices function normally. In addition, in order to evaluate economy of the waste plastics interim processing, the processing cost was calculated and the economic performance was evaluated preliminarily by using the rated electric power setting and trial operation data of each device. (NEDO)

Removal of free cyanide in waste water through complexation with Fe(II) iron followed by alkaline chlorination. Tetsu (II) ion ni yoru sakka hanno wo maeshori to suru haisuichu no yuri sian no shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nishikubo, N; Tanihara, K; Yasuda, S [Government Industrial Research Institute, Kyushu, Fukuoka (Japan)

1991-11-01

The removal treatment of free cyanide in waste water was tested by complexation with Fe(2) ion followed by alkaline chlorination and precipitation of residual iron cyano complex to study saving of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) for alkaline chlorination. The complexation with Fe(2) ion was studied in batch treatment under the coexistence with zinc ion assuming plating waste water, while the relation between the complexation and effective chlorine consumption in alkaline chlorination was studied in continuous treatment. As a result, the effective chlorine consumption was greatly decreased by pretreatment, and a cyanic acid ion (CNO{sup {minus}}) concentration was also lower than that in conventional methods. In the case of free cyanide with lower initial concentration, the total cyanide concentration in final treated water offered sufficiently low values only by adding zinc salt, while in higher initial concentration, it reached 1 ppm or less through precipitation by adding a reductant together with zinc salt. 9 refs., 7 figs., 2 tabs.

FY 1996 Report on the data processing for the geothermal development promotion investigation. No.B-3 Kumaishi Area (Phase 2); 1996 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin data shori hokokusho. 2 . No.B-3 Kumaishi chiiki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-01-01

Described herein are the FY 1996 results of the No.B-3 Kumaishi Area investigation, conducted as part of the geothermal development promotion investigation project. The ground investigation project covers geological and altered band, geochemical, gravitational and electromagnetic investigations. The drilling investigation project covers the test drilling for the structural investigation, temperature logging, water injection and temperature recovery tests at the N7-KI-1, N7-KI-2, N8-KI-3 and N8-KI-4; core cutting investigation; hot water investigation at the N8-KI-1 and N8-KI-2; and environmental impact investigation. The following conclusions are derived from the findings. The geothermal hot water in the test area came from seawater (fossil seawater) locally captured by the highly water-permeable strata (e.g., interfaces in the strata, and fractured strata) and underground water from rain water, heated by the conducted heat to around 200 degrees C at the highest. It is estimated that the center of the conducted heat is located in the eastern part of the Yagumo Area. The geothermal hot water was not heated to an extent to form the widely distributed convection systems, but arise in the form of separate, small-scale systems. (NEDO)

Biological processing of carbon dioxide. ; Photosynthetic function of plants, and carbon dioxide fixing function of marine organisms. Nisanka tanso no seibutsuteki shori. ; Shokubutsu no kogosei kino to kaiyo seibutsu no nisanka tanso kotei kino

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hirai, M [National Research Inst. for Pollution and Resources, Tsukuba (Japan)

1991-02-15

This paper describes photosynthetic function of plants, and CO {sub 2} fixing function of marine organisms. Among the photosythetic reaction systems, the C {sub 3} type reaction carries out CO {sub 2} fixation using the Calvin cycle, and takes out the carbon dioxide out of the system through enzymatic reactions of 3-phosphoglycerate {yields} fructose-6-phosphate. The C {sub 4} type reaction has a special cycle to supply CO {sub 2} to the Calvin cycle, i. e. C {sub 4} dicarboxylic acid cycle. The CAM type reaction enables the photosynthetic type to be converted according to variations in the growing environment. The majority of the surace agricultural crops are from C {sub 3} plants, of which yield may be increased when grown in a high CO {sub 2} atmosphere. On the one hand, gene engineering may make possible breeding of plants having high CO {sub 2} fixing capability. In the area of marine organisms, lime algae growing in clusters around coral reefs form and deposit CaCO {sub 3}. Reef creating corals have symbiotically in their stomach layer brown algae having photosynthetic function to build CaCO {sub 3} skeleton. The corals calcify algae quickly and in a large quantity, hence play an important role in fixing underwater CO {sub 2}. 2 tabs.

Acoustic excitation of diffusion flames with coherent structure in a plane shear layer.; Effects of acoustic excitation on combustion properties; Soshiki kozo wo tomonau sendan kakusan kaen no onkyo reiki.; Onkyo reiki ni yoru nensho tokusei no henka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ishino, Y.; Kojima, T.; Oiwa, N.; Yamaguchi, S. [Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya (Japan)

1993-10-25

This paper reports on experiments for acoustic excitation of plane shear structured flame. Flows of air separated into the higher velocity side and the lower velocity side by a partition on the center of a flow path merge at the measuring point to form a mixed layer with coherent structure. Fuel is supplied to this mixed layer with the flows so adjusted that the generated flame will attach to the partition on the lower velocity side. Acoustic excitation (at a sound pressure level of 100 dB to 120 dB) is performed in a speaker fitted on a wall on the higher velocity side. The paper mentions the results of the experiments as follows: the acoustic excitation produces such changes to diffusion flame in the plane shear layer as shorter flame and blue flame combustion and clarification of flame structures; as seen from spectral characteristics of temperature change in the flames, a flame acoustically excited strongly presents remarkable improvements in periodicity of the structure; as seen from sound pressure distribution in the flow direction at the measuring point, the flame zone of the flame acoustically excited strongly is positioned at the middle of the node and loop of a standing wave. 6 refs., 9 figs., 1 tab.

FY 1999 report on the results of the development of the preparation system technology for recycling of mixed waste plastics; 1999 nendo seika hokokusho. Kongo haipura saishohinka no tameno chukan shori system gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

By operating the demonstrative plant for the preparation system to recycle mixed waste plastics and process them into such a shape that the transportation can be easier, conducted were the development of element technology necessary for the preparation and the evaluation study of process cost, economical efficiency, environmental effects, etc. The FY 1999 results were summed up. As to the operation of the demonstrative plant for the preparation completed in September 1999, the target waste plastic processing capacity of 3,000 t/y was expected to be achieved. Further, conditions were obtained for effectively separating/removing metal foreign matters such as iron and aluminum and heavy materials such as glass and plaster and for separating/removing chlorine resins such as PVC and reducing the chlorine concentration of the agglomerate to 2% or below. Concerning the development of the agglomeration technology by frictional heat, the target processing capacity of about 350 kg/h was expected to be achieved. In the plant assumed of the actual machine of process capacity of 6,000 t/y, the waste plastic processing cost was estimated to be about 70,000 yen/t. Moreover, the CO2 emission reduction amount of the agglomerate by coke substitution was quantitatively evaluated. (NEDO)

Use of chemically treated carbon dioxide. ; Separation, recovery and fixation of carbon dioxide from large scale origination. Nisanka tanso no kagaku teki shori riyo; Nisanka tanso no daikibo hasseigen kara no bunri kaishu to koteika

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saito, M. (National Research Inst. for Pollution and Resources, Tsukuba (Japan))

1991-02-15

Tehcnology for separation, recovery and fixation of CO {sub 2} was stated. In an absorption method used as a separating recovery method, CO {sub 2} in the waste gas is absorbed into a solution such as amine, heated and recovered. In an adsorption method, the CO {sub 2} is adsorbed by adsorbent such as zeolite, and recovered either by reduction of pressure or by heating. In a distillation method, the CO {sub 2} is distilled under low temperature and high pressure. In a membrane separation method, the difference of the membrane transmisison speed is used. In a fixation technology, the CO {sub 2} disposed into the ocean is liquefied by compression and forced into the deep sea through pipings. The liquid CO {sub 2} has greater density than water under 200 to 300 atmospheric pressure and clathrate is produced over the interface between the sea water and the liquid CO {sub 2} but the influence on the environment should be evaluated. As a means of recycling, synthesis of methanol or hydrocarbon with hydrogen contacting can be considered, and if such synthesis is used, fossil fuel can be reduced. As the source of the hydrogen, a method for combining the electrolysis of water and energy such as the sun and hydraulic power which do not generate CO {sub 2}. 16 refs., 3 figs.

Fiscal 2000 research cooperation project on the research cooperation on practical application of wastewater treatment technologies for global warming prevention; 2000 nendo chikyu ondanka boshi haisui shori gijutsu no jitsuyoka ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

A verification plant operation study is conducted in cooperation with Thailand over wastewater treatment technologies for effectively decomposing and removing organic matters contained in foods plant wastewater and for recovering methane gas therefrom. The effort aims to transfer to Thailand anaerobic wastewater treatment technologies for recovering methane gas. For the 3-year research that began in fiscal 1998, a verification plant was installed at Cho Heng Rice Vermicell Factory Co., Ltd., located 30 kilometers west of Bangkok City. In the first half of verification plant related operation studies for fiscal 2000, the plant was kept in operation for the determination of the optimum operating conditions, and operation/maintenance technologies were transferred to Thailand. In the second half, plant operation was studied for by-passing the ultimate sedimentation tank of the factory. The results of activities are summarized into seven chapters of (1) outline of research cooperation project implementation, (2) outline of project implementation in fiscal 2000, (3) verification plant operation study, (4) automatic monitoring system construction, (5) technology disseminating activities, (6) study of support in Japan, and (7) subjects for future discussion. (NEDO)

Effects of substrate concentration, specific surface area and hydraulic loading on the treatment efficiency in a submerged biological filter. Sesshoku bakkiho no shori koritsu ni taisuru kishitsu nodo, hihyo menseki oyobi suiryo fuka no eikyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Iyo, T; Ono, S; Yoshino, T [Kitasato University, Kanagawa (Japan). School of Hygienic Science

1991-06-10

Effects of substrate concentration, specific surface area, and hydraulic loading, which are major factors influencing treatment efficiency in a submerged biological filter, were analyzed through the test with a special apparatus. In the test, the wall of the submerged biological filter was regarded as the contact material, and the specific surface area was changed by adjusting the sectional form of the filter. Using specimens from actual plant reservoirs, treatment efficiency for each case of three kinds of substrate concentration and hydraulic loading was measured. BOD removal rate was lower with smaller specific surface area. It was conspicuous particularly with higher BOD concentration in influent water. After the multiple regression analysis of the test results, the multiple regression equation to estimate BOD residual rate from three variates such as BOD concentration, specific surface area, and hydraulic loading was obtained. When 200mg l as BOD concentration and 50m{sup 2} m{sup {minus}3} as specific surface area were applied in this equation, the result almost agreed with the tendency obtained from data of actual plants. 6 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.

FY 1995 Report on the data processing for the geothermal development promotion investigation. No.B-3 Kumaishi Area (Phase 1); 1995 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa data shori hokokusho. 1. No.B-3 Kumaishi chiiki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-01-01

Described herein are the FY 1995 results of the No.B-3 Kumaishi Area investigation, conducted as part of the geothermal development promotion investigation project. The project covers the geological structure, geochemical, gravitational, electromagnetic, environmental impact and supplementary investigations. The following findings are obtained by the comprehensive analysis of the data. The Kumaishi Area is based on the sedimentary rocks and granite formed in the Pre-Ternary, which are unconformably covered by the strata belonging to Upper Oligocene of Ternary to Lower Pleistocene of Quaternary. The presence of NW-SE to E-W to NE-SW systems is suggested as the main fracture systems. It is estimated by the K-Ar method that the intrusion was formed in the 2.06 to 2.28Ma. The geochemical temperature suggests the presence of the fluid of 200 degrees C or higher as the deep hot water temperature. The resistivity structure generally indicates the NW-SE direction. Each stratum is confirmed by the test drilling for the structural investigation. The fluid motion model suggests possibility of hot water of high salt content, similar to that confirmed deep in the Yagumo Area, distributed deep in the Kumaishi Area. (NEDO)

FY 1997 Report on the data processing for the geothermal development promotion investigation. No.B-3 Kumaishi Area (Phase 3); 1997 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa data shori hokokusho. 3. No.B-3 Kumaishi chiiki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-01-01

Described herein are the results of the comprehensive analysis of the No.B-3 Kumaishi Area, investigated in the FY 1995 to 1997 period as part of the geothermal development promotion investigation project. The ground investigation project covers geological and altered band, geochemical, gravitational and electromagnetic investigations. The drilling investigation project covers the test drilling for the structural investigation, temperature logging, water injection and temperature recovery tests at the N7-KI-1, N7-KI-2, N8-KI-3, N8-KI-4 and N9-KI-5; core cutting investigation; hot water investigation at the 4 wells; environmental impact investigation; and supplementary investigations for determination of ages of rocks and alteration, and analysis of the substances contained in the fluid. The following conclusions are derived from the findings by the comprehensive analysis. The geothermal hot water in the test area came from seawater (fossil seawater) locally captured by the highly water-permeable strata (e.g., interfaces in the strata, and fractured strata) and underground water from rain water, heated by the conducted heat to around 200 degrees C at the highest. It is estimated that the center of the conducted heat is located in the eastern part of the Yagumo Area. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of 'the model project for effective utilization of the waste heat discharged from the combustion of paper-manufacturing sludge'; 1999 nendo seika hokoku. Seishi surajji nensho hainetsu yuko riyo moderu jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of reducing the consumption of fossil fuel and reducing emissions of global warming gases in Malaysia, a model project for thermally effective use of the sludge discharged from paper-manufacturing plant was carried out. Concretely, the paper-manufacturing sludge discharged from paper-manufacturing plant is to be dewatered and improved of its lower heating value. Then, the sludge is to be burned in fluidized bed incinerator, and the steam is to be generated by recovering heat using waste heat recovering boiler. The steam obtained is to be used as process steam of the plant. In this fiscal year, the first year of the project, the attachment to the agreement was prepared in terms of the allotment of the project work between Japan and Malaysia, various kinds of gist, schedules, etc. and signed. After that, the determination of the basic specifications for facilities was made according to the attachment to the agreement. Now, the basic design of the whole plant is being made. The design of the process flow sheet, design of the layout plan for plant equipment, etc. were finished. The goods to be purchased are now being estimated and assessed. Moreover, as to the civil engineering/construction design, drawings of the basic design are now being made. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 technical survey report. Model project implementation feasibility study in Malaysia on effective utilization of waste heat from paper sludge incineration; 1999 nendo Malaysia ni okeru seishi sludge nensho hainetsu yuko riyo model jigyo jisshi kanosei chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Efforts are under way to popularize practical energy conservation technologies through verification on real machines in target countries. Possibilities were studied that Malaysian paper making plants would adopt technologies of collecting heat from high-temperature exhaust gas from paper sludge incineration and of effectively utilizing the thus-collected heat. The Malaysian paper making industry produced 800-thousand tons or more in 1998, covering 72% of the total national demand. Heat recovery facilities may be installed in 15 plants. On-site surveys were made into their actual states, and then Genting Sanyen Industrial Paper Sdn. Bhd. was selected as the plant for the model project, and detailed model project feasibility studies were conducted. The studies covered the amount of wastes from paper making, their properties, treatment process, amounts of utilities to be used during system operation, land on which to build the facilities, and a plan for collecting invested funds. As the result, it was concluded in view of the magnitude of the expected fruit that the model project be implemented at this plant. (NEDO)

Emission characteristics of premixed lean diesel combustion. Effects of injection nozzle and combustion chamber shape on combustion and emission characteristics; Kihaku yokongo diesel nensho no haishutsubutsu tokusei. Funmu keijo oyobi nenshoshitsu keijo ga haishutsu gas tokusei ni oyobosu eikyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Harada, A; Sasaki, S; Miyamoto, T; Akagawa, H; Tsujimura, K

1997-10-01

Many articles about low NOx emission combustion are reported. A mixture formation is necessary to success low NOx emission combustion. But, there is few reports about the effect of nozzle and combustion shape on emissions which give influence on mixture. In this paper, the effects on characteristic of combustion and emissions of some land of injection nozzle and combustion chamber shape were investigated. As a result, it was cleared that the influence of combustion chamber shape on characteristic of combustion and emissions was varied by spray shape, and pintle type injection nozzle was suitable for PREDIC. 7 refs., 10 figs., 1 tab.

FY 1999 report on the data processing of the geothermal development promotion survey. No. B-6 Tsujinodake area (Tertiary); 1999 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa data shori hokokusho. No.B-6 Tsujinodake chiiki (dai 3 ji)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-01-01

For the purpose of confirming the existence of geothermal reservoirs, this survey was conducted as Survey B in the range of 30km{sup 2} east of Lake Ikeda at the south east end of Satsuma Peninsula, Kagoshima pref. from FY 1997 to FY 1999. By the geology/alteration zone survey, fluid geochemical survey, electromagnetic survey and gravity survey which were conducted in FY 1997 as surface survey, the following three were extracted as the areas which have great potentiality of geothermal resource existence: 1) area along the Yamakawa-Matsugakubo structure line on which calderas and explosion craters lie (north part); 2) area along the Takeyama-Tsujinodake structure line on which Ata central dome volcanic rocks lie (central part); 3) area around Kozukahama where the south wall of the Ata caldera extends in east-west direction (south part). In the survey after that, in north part, it was considered that aquicludes in clayey alteration zone were widely distributed around levels of 100m above - 200m below sea level and there existed geothermal reservoirs under the aquicludes. It was presumed that the mixed water of sea water and surface water was thermally conducted by heat sources of 300-490 degrees C and geothermal reservoirs of 260-270 degrees C were formed. (NEDO)

FY1996 research cooperation for the development of the environmentally friendly technology for highly efficient mineral resources extraction and treatment; 1997 nendo kankyo chowagata kokoritsu kobutsu shigen chushutsu shori gijutsu no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The above-named project aims to jointly develop technologies to efficiently extract and recover valuable metals (gold, silver, copper, rare metals, etc.) from slag, with caution fully exercised to conserve the environment, for effectively utilizing non-ferrous resources in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The effort covers a seven-year period beginning in fiscal 1994. The elements which are studied are technologies that involve leaching, solvent extraction, electroextraction, recovery of gold and silver, and waste water treatment. In this fiscal year, wet treatment, gold and silver treatment, and waste water treatment are studied in on-site joint researches and in domestic researches for specimens sampled at the Kazakhstan site. In addition, based on the results of the above-said basic researches, some parts of the pilot plant to be constructed is designed and manufactured. For propelling forward the project, equipment necessary for joint research is procured and forwarded to the site, and Kazakhstan scientists are invited to Japan for training. (NEDO)

Research cooperation project in fiscal 1999. Research cooperation on a technology to treat well waste water by utilizing biomass (follow-up); 1999 nendo bio riyo ni yoru kohaisui shori gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku (follow up)

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NONE

2000-03-01

The research cooperation project on a technology to treat well waste water by utilizing biomass has used as the object the well waste water from the north mine in the Wu Shan mine in Jiangxi Province. The research included surveys on properties of the well waste water from the subject mine by means of the site survey, discussions on treatment conditions based on studies in Japan, and discussions on factors for designing a full size facility as a result of pilot plant operation research. The Japanese side has transported to Beijing the bench-scale testing equipment used for the studies in Japan (an oxidation and neutralization testing equipment and a copper recovery testing equipment). In the present follow-up project, supports were provided to the research and development activities performed voluntarily by the Chinese side by using the above bench-scale testing equipment through guiding the tests at the site and supplying consumables. Certain bacteria have capability to oxidize ferrous ions in the mine well waste water into ferric ions. Utilizing these bacteria results in sedimentation of iron oxides in lower pH zones than in the conventional method, making removal of heavy metals from the well waste water possible. As a result, such effects may be expected as reduction in chemical cost, and reduction of quantity of the produced sediments. (NEDO)

Research cooperation project in fiscal 1998. Research cooperation related to putting waste water treatment technologies into practical use to prevent global warming; 1998 nendo chikyu ondanka boshi haisui shori gijutsu no jitsuyoka ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

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NONE

1999-03-01

Joint research with Thailand has been performed by using a demonstration plant on decomposition and removal of organic substances contained in waste water generated from foodstuff factories, and on recovery of methane gas being the greenhouse effect gas. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1998. In order to advance smoothly the adequate design and demonstration operation of the demonstration plant, investigations were performed on the water using conditions in the CHO HENG rice powder manufacturing factory, and on the waste water generating sources, and the latest waste water data. Visits and investigations were also given on business entities in Thailand as to their design capability, quality control, delivery time control and maintenance capability. In designing the demonstration plant, the basic process combining the anaerobic treatment and aerobic treatment was adopted, and the detailed design was made according to the results of operation of the pilot plant in the past. This fiscal year has performed civil engineering construction composed mainly of RC structures, and fabrication and installation of devices and facilities ancillary to different structures. Devices were fabricated in Thailand whenever possible, with some parts being imported from Japan. (NEDO)

Research cooperation project in fiscal 1999. Research cooperation related to putting waste water treatment technologies into practical use to prevent global warming; 1999 nendo chikyu ondanka boshi haisui shori gijutsu no jitsuyoka ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

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NONE

2000-03-01

Joint research with Thailand has been performed by using a demonstration plant on decomposition and removal of organic substances contained in waste water generated from foodstuff factories, and on recovery of methane gas being the greenhouse effect gas. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1999. Performed in the former half of this fiscal year were fabrication of part of the devices used in the anaerobic treatment process, civil engineering construction of storage tanks and buildings for the aerobic treatment process, importation and fabrication of devices, installation of the entire facility, piping construction, and electric instrumentation construction. The construction to build the demonstration plant has been completed. Performed in the latter half of the year are the water operation, granule filling into each UASB reactor, charging activated sludge into the aerobic facilities, the trial operation 1 using the actual waste water (precipitation test) and the trial operation 2 (through flowing of actual liquid). The operation research is still in continuation. On the other hand, in the assistance research in the country, discussions were given on the granule activity evaluating and testing method, influence of granules on temperatures, water flowing test for restoration of activity of the granules stored under elevated temperatures and for an extended period of time, and properties of the transported granules. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the data processing of the geothermal development promotion survey. No. A-4 Kunbetsudake area (Secondary); 1999 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa data shori hokokusho. No.A-4 Kunbetsudake chiiki (dai 2 ji)

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2000-10-01

This survey studies possibilities of geothermal resource existence by checking the presence of high temperature anomaly by a wide-area survey with the aim of extracting the area for Survey B and Survey C to be conducted. The area for survey is an area of approximately 300km{sup 2} including Shibetsu town, Shibetsu county, and Rausu town, Menashi county, which are located east of Hokkaido. Conceptual models of the geothermal system in this area which are thought of from the results of the survey are as follows. It is assumed that heat source exists deeply in Unabetsudake (Mt. Unabetsu). From the fact that the K-Ar method age of the ejecta is 0.5Ma and the TL method age of the rate. (NEDO)ch the position of drilling of the well for survey of heeffective as heat source. It is thought that the water of hot spring/mineral spring came to indicate various spring qualities by mixture of meteoric water and fossil seawater at various ratios. The fossil seawater and old meteoric water are being heated by thermal conduction. The mixture with the original water of Kawakita hot spa is recognized in Shibetsu Kanayama hot spa. It is assumed that the high temperature area exists mostly in Unabetsudake, but the spread does not reach the position of drilling of the well for survey of heat flow rate. (NEDO)

Report on the project for spread/promotion of technology for the industrial waste optimized treatment in the Asian region (International Symposium `98); Asia chiiki sangyo haikibutsu tekiseika shori gijutsu nado fukyu sokushin jigyo (symposium kaisai) hokokusho

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NONE

1998-03-01

In Japan and Asian countries, the optimized treatment of industrial waste is the problem with the economic growth. Border-crossing movement of the waste for promotion of the renewable use is also a problem. Therefore, the International Symposium `98 on the industrial waste problem in the Asian region was held. China, Thailand, the Philippines and Korea were invited to Japan to give lectures. MITI of Japan reported on the present situation of Japan and the cooperation with Asian countries. The industrial circle reported on efforts for environmental protection measures to be taken, the industrial waste problem at companies which advanced into Asian countries, effects of the Basel Convention on recycling activities, Japan`s role in Asia, etc. In the panel discussion, promotion of cooperation for recycling technology and Japan`s support for formulating strategy on the industrial waste were requested to Japan, and the construction of an Asian area network was proposed. Concerning the cooperative system between governments and private companies, it was concluded that it was necessary to discuss it considering the actual state of each country. Importance of recycle and information exchange was realized again. 10 refs., 15 figs., 27 tabs.

FY 1995 report on the cooperative research on the development of environmentally friendly high efficiency mineral resource extraction/treatment technology; 1995 nendo kankyo chowagata kokoritsu kobutsu shigen chushutsu shori gijutsu no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku hokokusho

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NONE

1996-03-01

This promotion project on the cooperative research aims to efficiently extract and recover valuable metals (gold, silver, copper, rare metal, etc.) including in large quantity in tailings of ores in the Republic of Kazakhstan. In FY 1995, conducted were the field survey, support study in Japan, acceptance of researchers from Kazakhstan, conceptual design of pilot plant, etc. The ore/mineral for Cu is mainly an alteration ore of chalcopyrite. Au and Ag are low grade and unknown, and the main gangue mineral is pyrite. The low grade ore (waste/much) of the Nikolayevska mine has a tendency to leaching at normal temperature, but the ore of mostly chalcopyrite such as tailings from each place has difficulty in leaching. It gets leaching by increasing temperature. The more the temperature rises, the more conspicuous the reaction becomes. Further, chalcopyrite is leached with priority over pyrite. From the result, a technical potentiality was obtained of leaching of low grade chalcopyrite in tailings mostly of pyrite. The existence of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans was confirmed. As to the recovery method for Au and Ag, CIC is studied. The process of waste/much is solvent extraction, electrowinning study and leaching, and that of tailings is bacteria leaching and leaching study. (NEDO)

Generalized report on the research cooperation promoting project. Research cooperation related to the mine waste water treatment technology utilizing biotechnology; Kenkyu kyoryoku suishin jigyo sokatsu hokokusho. Bio riyo ni yoru kohaisui shori gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

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NONE

1999-03-01

This paper is a generalized report in relation with the mine waste water treatment technology utilizing biotechnology, from among the promotion projects for research cooperation with China. Ferric iron (Fe{sup 3+}), which precipitates at low pH, is produced by utilizing bacteria which derives energy from oxidizing ferrous iron (Fe{sup 2+}) in the waste water, and the iron is precipitated and removed by using low-cost calcium carbonate as a neutralizing agent. Joint researches and developments have been carried out on selection of optimal kinds of bacteria, cultivation of bacteria oxidizing iron at high efficiency, optimal removal system of heavy metals in mine waste water, and recovery of useful resources. Japanese engineers were sent to sites in China, Chinese researchers were received in Japan, and pilot plants were operated and studied. For the purpose of proliferating and enlightening the result of the project, a seminar was held in Beijing in February 1998. In order for the achievements derived up to fiscal 1998 to be used in diverse fields, fiscal 1999 will carry out follow-ups, including assistance, for the voluntary researches performed by China. The follow-ups will also include confirmation on the state of testing the iron oxidizing bacteria technology, technical guidance, and analyses and discussions on the data. (NEDO)

Report for fiscal 1998 on industrial waste optimized treatment technologies dissemination and promotion business for asian region. Holding a symposium; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Asia chiiki sangyo haikibutsu tekiseika shori gijutsu nado fukyu sokushin jigyo (symposium kaisai)

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NONE

1999-03-01

An International Symposium on the Asian Industrial Waste Issue was held in Tokyo on 4 February 1999, where lectures were delivered by participants representing China, the Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, and Japan. More 150 people attended the event, with questions and answered animatedly exchanged between the lecturers and the audience. The progress of urbanization is quite rapid in China, with the quantity of waste increasing every years to justify the anticipation that there will be a very sharp increase in refuse incineration in the near future. Raising a serious problem in China these days is the plastic waste. In the Philippines, there are no private-sector waste treatment/disposal facilities and corporations are not obliged to take care of their waste. Consequently, very little treatment or recycling is being undertaken. In Thailand, although waste treatment/disposal centers are in operation financed by the Government and private sectors, the cost is very high, and the Government policy is that private investment will be encouraged and supported in future. In Malaysia, privatization is in progress of the business of managing waste in the solidified form. A comprehensive waste treatment/disposal plant was completed in 1998 by the endeavors of a Denmark-Malaysia consortium, and is in operation since then. (NEDO)

FY 1998 report on the waste processing/recycling related technology, 'The R and D of lead-free solder standardization'; 1998 nendo haikibutsu shori recycle kanren gijutsu seika hokokusho. Namari free handa kikakuka nado kenkyu kaihatsu

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NONE

2000-03-01

To reduce the environmental pollution caused by lead eluted from the electronic equipment waste, the R and D on lead-free solder were conducted and the results were summarized. As to the basic characteristics, the evaluation test method was studied in terms of the range of melting temperature, mechanical strength, wettability and joint strength, to select a uniform test method. As the lead-free solder, Sn-Ag alloys were mainly used and mixed in a combination of Cu, Bi and In. Changes in characteristics were made clear by adding trace elements such as Ge, Mn and P. Relating to the applied characteristics, in selection of solder materials, materials were selected for which evaluation of the commercialization is proceeded with from a viewpoint of promotion of commercialization. Concerning the experimental evaluation of characteristics of lead-free solder in mounted substrates, it was indicated that basically lead-free solder can be practically used. Further, it was indicated that the Sn-Ag-Cu-Bi system depends not on solder composition but on active force, printing accuracy and flux characteristic of solder paste, that improvement of solder paste has an effect on mounting characteristics. (NEDO)

Report on the coal group in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1988. Studies on a coal treatment technology in the initial process in liquefaction; 1989 nendo ekika shoki kotei ni okeru sekitan shori gijutsu no kenkyu hokokusho

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1990-03-01

This paper reports the achievements in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1988 in studies on the studies of the initial process in liquefaction. It is intended to identify the swelling phenomenon in coal particles in the coal slurry preparation and preheating processes, and change in the slurry viscosity associated with the heating. The slurry viscosity starts decreasing from around 300 degrees C at which the liquefying reaction begins, and decreases sharply at around 350 degrees C. Therefore, rise in the viscosity at temperatures below 300 degrees C is caused by factors other than the liquefying reaction. The rise starting at 100 to 120 degrees C is due to absorption of the solvent by coal. The rise starting at 210 to 260 degrees C requires further discussions. The equilibrium swelling ratio was measured on different types of coals by using the hydrogenated anthracene oil solvent. No coals swelled at 100 degrees C. The temperature of 200 degrees C largely divides coals into those swelling and those not swelling. At 300 degrees C, the coals were divided into those shrinking after largely swelling, those not swelling and those swelling monotonously. For consideration of the utilization as an auxiliary solvent, petroleum-based heavy oil was used to perform coal liquefaction to discuss effects of the solvent on the liquefaction rates. (NEDO)

FY 1996 report on the cooperative research on the development of environmentally friendly high efficiency mineral resource extraction/treatment technology; 1996 nendo kankyo chowagata kokoritsu kobutsu shigen chushutsu shori gijutsu no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku hokokusho

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NONE

1997-03-01

This promotion project on the cooperative research aims at developing technology to efficiently extract and recover valuable metals including in large quantity in tailings of ores in the Republic of Kazakhstan in consideration of the environmental harmony. The support study in Japan was conducted as follows. As to the Nikolayevska low grade ore, high leaching speed and high leaching rate by grain refining were made possible. The coarse grain was also possible of leaching if leached for a long time. The sulfide froth is possible of leaching in fine grain and in the temperature range of 50 degrees C. The Zhezkent tailings were possible of leaching with sulfuric acid, by aeration, and in the range of medium temperature. The sulfide froth was possible of leaching in fine grain and at temperature of 50 degrees C. After filtration/washing and regrinding, high sampling rates of bulk concentrate and pyrite concentrate were obtained by sulfide flotation by zanthate. The Zhezkent copper concentrate was tested on various factors such as grain size, temperature, and washing/no washing, to confirm effects of bacteria. In the pre-observation test on Au and Ag leaching, cyanogen leaching test was conducted using Cu leaching residue. About Cu, studied were leaching (vat leaching, flotation froth machine agitation (temperature increase, bacteria)), solvent extraction, and electrowinning. About Au and Ag, studied were cyanogen leaching and process of adsorption of activated carbon. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 report on data processing for geothermal energy development enhancement. No. A-4 Mount Kumbetsu area (primary data processing); 1998 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa data shori hokokusho. No.A-4. Kunbetsu chiiki (dai 1 ji)

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1999-09-01

This is part of the state-operated 'geothermal energy development enhancement' project, under which a comprehensive analysis is conducted into the results of a survey of geothermal resources in existence in the Mount Kumbetsu area. The local geothermal structure is examined, and the Kumbetsu hot spring area, the Uebetsu river middle reach area, and the Unabetsu hot spring area are extracted as promising high-temperature supply areas. The Kumbetsu hot spring area and the Uebetsu river middle reach area lie on a heave positioned west of the Mount Musa/Mount Shitabanupuri fault. There is a distinguished bending in the zone of discontinuous resistivity, and, when geology is considered, it is inferred that there exists a geothermal fluid field formed by the Mount Musa/Mount Shitabanupuri fault running NNW-SSW and a fracture zone that runs across the fault. The two areas are located at spots where gravity gradient is sharp. It is concluded that, with the alteration zone, temperature distribution, etc., also taken into account, the Kumbetsu hot spring area is the more promising as a source of geothermal energy. The water of the Kumbetsu hot spring is of the Cl-SO{sub 4} type, 64.5 degrees C hot and neutral, and arises from the depth where water of meteoric origin is heated by heat conduction. The heat source is supposedly the magma reservoir whose eruption once formed Mount Unabetsu etc. (NEDO)

FY 1997 report on the data processing of the geothermal development promotion survey. Primary. No.B-5 Mt. Musadake area; 1997 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa data shori hokokusho. No. B-5 Musadake chiiki (Dai 1 ji)

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1998-06-01

As part of the geothermal development promotion survey, the comprehensive analysis was made on the survey of the existence amount of geothermal resource in the Mt. Musadake area, Shibetsu county, Hokkaido, which was conducted in FY 1997. In the surface survey, the following were carried out: survey of geology/alteration zone, age determination of rocks, alteration age determination by thermoluminescence method, geochemical survey (hot spring gas, hot spring water), gravity exploration and electromagnetic exploration. In the survey of environmental effects, survey of flora/fauna and survey of hot spring variations were made. The results of the analysis were outlined as follows. The geothermal system in this area seems to be controlled by the Mt. Musadake - Mt. Shitabanupuri fault, folding zone along the fault and Graben-state structure extending southeast of the zone. At deep underground, the existence of the deep geothermal water forming geothermal reservoirs is presumed, and the deep geothermal water seems to be helped by the thermal conduction and volcanic effluences from the magma reservoir related to a series of volcanoes, centered on Mt. Musadake that is regarded as heat source. The geothermal water has a temperature of over 250 degrees C and a high Cl concentration. (NEDO)

FY 1998 report on the data processing of the geothermal development promotion survey. Secondary. No.B-5 Mt. Musadake area; 1998 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa data shori hokokusho. No. B-5 Musadake chiiki (Dai 2 ji)

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2000-01-01

As part of the geothermal development promotion survey, the comprehensive analysis was made on the survey of the existence amount of geothermal resource in the Mt. Musadake area, Shibetsu county, Hokkaido, which was conducted in FY 1997 and FY 1998. In the surface survey, the following were carried out: survey of geology/alteration zone, geochemical survey, gravity exploration, wide-area gravity/magnetic structure analysis, seismic exploration, etc. In the well exploration, structural boreholes N10-MD-1 and N10-MD-2 were drilled, and the following were conducted: temperature logging/temperature recovery test, electric logging, water injection test and survey of core cuttings. For borehole N10-MD-2, the survey of geothermal water was made. In the survey of environmental effects, survey of flora/fauna and survey of hot spring variations were conducted. The results of the analysis were outlined as follows. At deep underground, the existence of the deep geothermal water forming geothermal reservoirs is presumed, and the deep geothermal water seems to be helped by the thermal conduction from the magma reservoir related to a series of volcanoes, centered on Mt. Musadake that is regarded as heat source. The geothermal water has a temperature of over 250 degrees C and a high Cl concentration. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 achievement report on the venture business assisting type regional consortium - Minor business creation base type. Commercialization of human monoclonal antibody as investigational reagent; 2000 nendo chiiki consortium kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo seika hokokusho. Hitogata monoclonal kotai no kenkyuyo shiyaku to shite no seihinka

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NONE

2001-03-01

Technical seeds of in vitro immunization technologies for human peripheral lymphocytes and technologies for human cell fusion, both developed by Kita-Kyushu National College of Technology, are used, and human monoclonal antibodies are prepared easy to connect to tumor markers, allergens, and microbes. The project aims further to develop a technology for small-scale high-density production of such antibodies and to supply them as human monoclonal antibody reagents meeting the needs of bio-researchers in the fields of medicine, pharmacy, biology, agriculture, or the like. A human fusion partner cell strain SK-729-1 clone is obtained, which is high in ability to produce antibodies. Since the obtained cell is culturable in a serumless medium, a fusion cell strain prepared using the said cell strain is also culturable in a serumless medium. Hence: advanced refining now available for human monoclonal antibodies. Nine types of antibodies are acquired. Furthermore, it is made possible to predict the antibody reaction and the antibody amount in a simplified way. Containers for antibody preservation are screened, and a container is selected in a freezing/thawing test, capable of preserving 90% or more of antibodies. A high-density culture that uses the hollow fiber cartridge is now feasible. (NEDO)

Report on research achievement in relation with developing fundamental combustion control technologies in fiscal 1998. Research and development of high-performance industrial furnaces; 1998 nendo nensho seigyo kiban gijutsu no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu seika hokokusho. Koseino kogyoro nado ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu

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1999-03-01

Development is intended to be made on fundamental combustion control technologies applicable to high-performance industrial furnaces that can reduce energy consumption and respond to environment preservation requirements. With an intention to achieve reduction in combustion exhaust gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides, fundamental studies will be made on factors to decide flame shapes as represented by high-temperature combustion and flame shape control by utilizing microgravity environment, and researches will be made on combustion systems. Devices required for the experiments were fabricated to evaluate critical combustion characteristics of flames in furnaces including industrial furnaces, analyze and evaluate flame control parameters, and study low-pollution combustion technologies. Experimental methods acquired by 1997 were used for the experiments under the microgravity environment. Evaluation experiments were performed on flame shape control technologies and flame radiation characteristics, and basic experiments on the low-pollution combustion technologies. With these experiments, elucidation of the combustion mechanisms was launched by analyzing and evaluating the acquired data. A flame experimenting device for high-temperature preheated air completed by fiscal 1997 was used to acquire such combustion characteristics data as NOx discharge characteristics when the high-temperature preheated air is used. Based on the result thereof, verification was carried out on simulation models. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 report on the results of the R and D on the invention of high-level combustion technology using the microgravity environment; 1997 nendo seika hokokusho (bisho juryoku kankyo wo riyoshita kodo nensho gijutsu soshutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

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1998-03-01

For the purpose of achieving both the diversification of energy resources and the reduction in environmental pollutants in fuel exhaust gases, the paper conducted elucidation of combustion phenomena using microgravity facilities and research on combustors which make high-level combustion possible. In the experimental study using microgravity experimental facilities, conducted were evaluation experiments on combustion/evaporation of fuel droplets and droplet groups, elucidation/evaluation experiments of combustion characteristics of high-density fuels, evaluation experiments of flammability limit, and elucidation/evaluation experiments of emission mechanisms of NOx, etc. Analysis/evaluation of the data obtained and elucidation of the combustion mechanism were conducted. Further, by applying the results of the microgravity experiment, the high-level combustor experimental facilities were fabricated, and validation tests were started. In the international joint research with US`s NASA, the following were conducted using JAMIC`s facilities and NASA`s 2.2 second drop tower: study of mutual interference of droplet series combustion, study of binary system fuel droplet series combustion, study of combustion characteristics of solid fuels, study of behavior of flames around the lean flammable limit, etc. 151 refs., 253 figs., 7 tabs.

Worldwide clean energy system technology using hydrogen (WE-NET). subtask 8. Research and development of hydrogen combustion turbines (evaluation of the optimum system); Suiso riyo kokusai energy system gijutsu (WE-NET). subtask 8. Suiso nensho turbine no kenkyu kaihatsu (saiteki system no hyoka)

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1997-03-01

Based on the proposed cycle of each contractor, conceptual design of 500 MW class hydrogen combustion turbine power generation plant has been completed through its economic examination. The optimum system has been evaluated on the basis of the conceptual design. For the conceptual design of power generation plant, the gross power generation efficiencies based on HHV of topping regenerating cycle and new Rankine cycle proved to be 61.8% and 61.7%, respectively, which exceed the target efficiency 60%. Economic consideration proved that the construction cost of each cycle will be as the same as that of the current combined cycle power generation plant. The development problem, development step and development cost have become clear. Examination on the reliability proved that the operation reliability of each cycle will be as the same as that of the current combined cycle power generation plant. Examination on the plant layout proved that the conservation of space for each system will be smaller than that of current combined cycle power generation plant. Environmental examination confirmed that each system is very clean power generation system. For the evaluation proposed by each company, the total points of each system became in the order, topping regeneration cycle, new Rankine cycle, and Rankine cycle with reheat and recuperation. 112 figs., 44 tabs.

Research and development of leading, fundamental energy-saving techniques. Report on the R and D of coal-fired magneto-hydro-dynamics (MHD) electrical power generation (Prompt report by Electrotechnical Laboratory); Sekitan nensho MHD hatsuden no kenkyu ni kansuru seika hokoku. Densoken kenkyu sokuho

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1990-03-30

Summarized herein are the reports on the R and D of coal-fired magneto-hydro-dynamics (MHD) electrical power generation, received by March 30, 1990. For the coal combustor, the air flow tests have been conducted using a 5MW-scale plastic model since 1984, and the model has been later scaled-up to 15MW. The actual combustion tests have been conducted using a 1MW-scale combustor, designed based on the results of air flow tests using the 15MW-scale model, mainly for the cyclone combustor in the first stage. For a coal-fired generation channel, the studies on the cathodes and insulation walls have been conducted since 1986, the research themes including causes for and measures against inter-cathode shorting, and insulating walls of SiC. The anode walls have been studied since 1986, deepening understanding of, e.g., the anode arc phenomenon and anode discharge phenomenon which relates to the causes for exhaustion of the inter-anode insulators and anode materials. For the high temperature regenerative heat exchanger, the existing materials have been screened since 1985, and the basic data related to, e.g., slag viscosity and its effects on material corrosion have been collected since 1986. (NEDO)

Report on 1979 result of R and D under Sunshine Project. Development of coal liquefaction technology (development of solvent treatment and liquefaction plant); 1979 nendo sekitan ekika gijutsu no kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Yozai shori ekika plant no kaihatsu

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1980-03-01

A report was made on the result for fiscal 1979 of the development of a coal solvent treatment and liquefaction plant. With the purpose of establishing a technology of making equipment for a coal liquefaction plant by a solvent treatment method, R and D were conducted on a solid liquid separation method and on the construction and operation of an experimental equipment having a scale of the maximum 1 t/day coal processing, providing technical data for the construction of an efficient coal liquefaction equipment. In studying the operation of a centrifugal separator, it was run using heating solvent, dummy slurry and coal extraction slurry, with no abnormality found in each equipment and with knowledge obtained of the separation state of the solid. The machine is capable of obtaining SRC of 0.2-0.3% low ash contents. Water operation was performed for the extraction processing device (agitation tank, heating furnace, compression pump, circulation pump, etc.) of the 1 t/day experimental plant and, as a result, a relation was confirmed between a water flow rate and pressure loss of the piping part. The detailed design, manufacture and installation were completed for a part (pulverizer, solvent tank, feeding pump, etc.) of the equipment for the coal pre-processing slurry making process and the extraction process, with a trial run implemented for adjustment and confirmation of the operation. The cold/hot continuous trial run by a solvent smoothly proceeded, proving the performance to be the same as the specifications. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 achievement report. Development of technologies for waste treatment and recycling (Development of technologies for appropriate treatment of air bags); 2000 nendo haikibutsu recycle kanren gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Air bag tekisei shori gijutsu no kaihatsu nado

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2001-03-01

A centralized treatment process respecting environmental protection and safety for unused air bags aboard disused automobiles is developed. In concrete terms, a heating facility owned by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd., is used, which includes an apparatus for examining exhaust gas dioxins and an exhaust gas treatment apparatus and, with this facility, studies are made for appropriately treating waste gas and waste water to be generated when air bag modules undergo centralized heating. Endeavors in fiscal 2000 center about (1) the development of waste gas treatment technologies, (2) development of waste water treatment technologies, (3) chemical analysis of waste water sludge, dusts and air bag residues, and (4) the study of appropriate treatment of non-azide air bag modules. As to the development of exhaust gas treatment technology, it was proved that the exhaust gas treatment system consisting of secondary incineration furnace, exhaust gas cooling tower and bag filter worked effectively. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1997 on research under New Sunshine Program. Research on heavy oil hydrogenation and heavy oil/coal coprocessing; 1997 nendo jushitsuyu no suisoka shori narabi ni jushitsuyu/sekitan no coprocessing ni kansuru kenkyu seika hokokusho

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1998-02-01

The achievements of the Hokkaido National Industrial Research Institute relating to the titled research are reported. In the study relating to the structural properties of heavy oils, the structures of products of Green River shale oil carbonization is analyzed, heterofunctional groups contained in the oil are subjected to FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopic analysis, and their forms of existence are investigated. In the study relating to the hydrogenation process of heavy oils, findings obtained from experiments are reported, which involve the processing of shale oil by hydrogenation and changes brought about in its chemical structure, hydrogenation of oil sand bitumen, kinetics of hydrocracking of bitumen at a high conversion rate, and a lumping model for bitumen hydrocracking reaction. In the study relating to the coprocessing of heavy oil/coal, coprocessing is experimented for coal and shale oil, coal and oil sand bitumen, and other combinations, and the results are reported. Also, a review is made of the transfer of hydrogen in coprocessing. (NEDO)

Joint Research. Report on the results of developing commercialization of a technology of process wastes and re-utilize them by using petroleum substituting energy; Kyodo kenkyu. Sekiyu daitai energy riyo haikibutsu shori saishigenka gijutsu jitsuyoka kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

A study was conducted on a technology to melt shredder dust and non-combustible wastes directly by using coal, reduce their volume and re-utilize them. The elementary study on a high-temperature melting and treating technology set such targets as optimizing the melting and treating technology in correspondence with properties of materials to be treated, by using a small melting test plant, achieving a volume reduction rate of 1/200, and reducing treatment cost. In order to make innoxious the different kinds of environmental loading materials contained in exhaust gas from a high-temperature gasification and direct melting system, discussions were given on an optimum control condition for the exhaust gas system facilities. Furthermore, physical properties of discharges (slags nd metals) were investigated to discuss material re-utilization. In discussing optimal systems, three kinds of systems including two types utilizing fuels were proposed as high-temperature gasification and melting treatment process from a viewpoint of technology and cost. Respective systems were compared with each other on treatment cost, and their priorities were identified. 56 refs., 50 figs., 55 tabs.

FY 1998 annual report on the development of plasma-aided surface treatment processes by in-situ controlling (second year); 1997 nendo in-situ seigyo ni yoru plasma riyo hyohi shori process no kaihatsu seika hokokusho (dai 2 nendo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This R and D project is aimed at stable production of high-quality, important machine members, which are difficult to sufficiently achieve the required properties by a single material, by carburization while minimizing use of expensive alloy metals, where high-temperature carburizing time is reduced by a plasma-aided system to save energy, and, at the same time, the conventional oil-hardening system is replaced by a He gas cooling/recycling system to solve the environmental problems involved in the former. The exhaust gases released from the plasma-aided system are adequately treated to prevent the problems caused thereby. The conditions of the plasma itself and treated surfaces are sensed in-situ, and the data are fed back to the process controlling system, to keep the treated object stable and high in quality, while minimizing energy consumption. The FY 1998 efforts were directed to studies on methods for sensing the plasma and treated surfaces, and specifications of a mini-plant for the demonstration tests, and to collection of characteristic data for development of some new products to be produced. (NEDO)

Achievement report for 1st phase (fiscal 1974-80) Sunshine Program research and development - Hydrogen energy. Research on fuel cell (Research on high-temperature solid electrolyte fuel cell); 1974-1980 nendo suiso energy seika hokokusho. Nenryo denchi no kenkyu (koon kotai denkaishitsu nenryo denchi no kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1981-03-01

Relative to the research and development of technologies for fabricating, and assessing, materials for the constitution of high-temperature solid electrolyte fuel cells, stabilized zirconia solid electrolyte fuel cell manufacturing technologies are developed by use of thin film formation techniques such as high-frequency sputtering, plasma CVD (chemical vapor deposition), and the thermolysis of organic zirconia compound coating. As the result, it is found that high-frequency sputtering produces thin film which is satisfying in terms of cost efficiency. Furthermore, it is found that defects in solid electrolytic thin film formed by the high-frequency sputtering method, that is, pinholes and cracks, will be remedied when the coating thermolysis method is jointly applied. In the research on fuel cell power systems, column-type high-temperature solid electrolyte fuel cells are built, and a power generation test is conducted. The test is successfully completed when the output of a fuel cell of the 9-column module structure gradually increases until a maximum output of 110W is achieved. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on development of the infrastructure to promote use of fuel cells for automobiles. Development of the infrastructure to spread stationary polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) systems; 2000 nendo nenryo denchi fukyu kiban seibi seika hokokusho. Teichiyo kotai kobunshigata nenryo denchi no fukyu kiban seibi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Described herein are the results of the FY 2000 studies on development of the infrastructures necessary for introduction and spread of stationary polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) systems. This project is aimed at establishment of testing and evaluation methods for safety, reliability, performance and so on, and collection of the data, both domestic and foreign, for drafting rules and standardization. The methods are studied to collect the data for the start-up/shut-down operations and rated-load/partial-load operations; establishing the methods for safety evaluation when inert gas purging is dispensed with; and dependence of the cell stack on current, carbon monoxide concentration and cell temperature to establish the basic performance testing methods. The makers are independently developing the stationary PEFC systems, and the data of the selected systems are collected individually as the test systems. The cell stacks also adopt different humidification and cooling methods by makers, and they are tested and their data are collected and analyzed, in order to establish the common testing methods. (NEDO)

Change in concentration distribution and equivalent rate constant with flow velocity in a boundary layer around a catalyst of non-uniform surface activity; Kotai shokubai taihyomen no kassei no fukin`itsusei ni motozuku kankyo sonai nodo bunpu oyobi toka hanno sokudo teisu no ryusoku ni yoru henka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Konno, J [National Institute for Resources and Environment, Tsukuba (Japan)

1997-09-25

In a flow system for vapor/solid catalytic reactions, there is a concentration distribution along the external catalyst surface, observed in the vicinity of the surface. Change in the reaction rate constant is followed for the case where the concentration distribution varies by flow. A 2-dimensional numerical model in which flow field and property conditions are simplified is used to analyze the change on the assumption that high-activity and low-activity sites are regularly distributed over the external catalyst surface. The transport equations for the reactants are numerically solved for given flow fields. It is found that the concentration distribution shape and equivalent reaction rate constant are almost the same as those in a stationary system at Pecret number of around 10 or lower, the concentration distribution gradually becomes uniform whereas equivalent rate constant increases as flow rate increases at Pecret number in a range from around 10 to 10{sup 6}, and they are almost constant at Pecret number beyond around 10{sup 6}. 3 refs., 11 figs., 1 tab.

Effects of variation of flow and accumulation of suspended solids on the performance of anaerobic/aerobic biofilm system applied to grey water treatment. kenkiter dot koki roshoho no shori seino ni oyobosu ryuryo hendo oyobi kendaku busshitsu no eikyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Okubo, T; Sagehashi, M; Otsuka, N; Okada, M; Murakami, A [Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo (Japan)

1991-04-10

In this study, effects of variation of flow and accumulation of suspended solids (SS) on the performance of anaerobic/aerobic biofilm system were investigated through the laboratory test using synthetic wastewater and the field test using grey water. Effects of flow variation scarcely appeared on the time change of effluent quality in both cases where daily average hydraulic retention time (HRT) in anaerobic filter was 20h and that of aerobic filter was 6.7h. In the field test, however, removal rate of organic substances was lower (20-30%) than that of the laboratory test (90%), since SS content in grey water accumulated in the anaerobic filter which led dissolution of organic substances from accumulated SS, blocking, and short-circuit flow. Moreover, it was confirmed by the batch test that constituent of grey water has lower resolution for microorganisms and is more difficult to nitrate than synthetic waste water. 24 refs., 11 figs., 4 tabs.

Report on the research cooperation promoting project in fiscal 1998. Research cooperation related to the mine waste water treatment technology utilizing biomass; 1998 nendo kenkyu kyoryoku suishin jigyo hokokusho. Bio riyo ni yoru kohaisui shori gijutsu ni kansuru kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This paper describes the achievement in relation with the mine waste water treatment technology utilizing biomass, from among the promotion projects for research cooperation with China. Waste water is converted into ferric iron (Fe{sup 3+}), which precipitates at low pH, by utilizing iron oxidizing bacteria which use ferrous iron (Fe{sup 2+}) in the waste water as the energy source, and is precipitated and removed by using low-cost calcium carbonate as a neutralizing agent. Fiscal 1998 has performed eight site surveys with 47 persons in total. The main survey items are the study and guidance of pilot plant operation and the survey on measures to prevent occurrence of contamination by heavy metals in Wushan Mine. Additional site surveys were made at Dexing Mine and Yinshan Lead/Zinc Mine. Continued from fiscal 1997, consumables required for the pilot plant were purchased, and items of the bench-scale testing equipment used by Japan for domestic researches (an oxidation and neutralization testing equipment and a copper recovering and testing equipment) were transported to China. The operation research data of the pilot plant were put in order and analyzed. This paper summarizes the concept design of the shaft waste water treatment facilities for the north mine in Wushan Mine, and the surveys on measures for heavy metal contamination sources. (NEDO)

Influence of ([alpha]+[beta]) STA and surface finishing on mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Ti-6Al-4V gokin no kikaiteki seishitsu ni oyobosu taikichu ([alpha]+[beta])STA shori oyobi hyomen shiage no eikyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Asami, K [Musashi Inst. of Tech., Tokyo (Japan); Hironaga, M [Musashi Inst. of Technology, Tokyo (Japan). Graduate Student

1992-10-15

Ti-6Al-4V allow was solution treated and aged (STA) in air, and the effect of degraded layer on static tensile properties and fatigue behavior was studied. Also, influence of surface finishing on fatigue strength was studied. Degraded layer formed with 0.75mm thick hardened layer has been formed below extremely thin TiO2 scale. Static tensile properties and fatigue behavior are not influenced by the hardened layer. The hardened layer formed below embrittle layer has smaller hadenening scale, and has shown no structural change with the core. Even for an embrittle layer of about 10[mu]m thickness, the ductility and fatigue strength have reduced significantly. The static strength has been improved about 20% with the complete removal of embrittle layer. The fatigue strength of the receiving material has been greater in the case of mechanical polished finishing using NO.1500 emery paper and diamond taste of 1[mu]m compared to electrical polishing. However, the fatigue strength has been lower in the case of mechanical polished STA material compared to electropolished material. 8 refs., 18 figs., 2 tabs.

FY 2000 report on the results of the data processing in the geothermal development promotion survey. Tertiary. No.B-7 Kuwanosawa area; 2000 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa data shori hokokusho. No. B-7 Kuwanosawa chiiki (Dai 3 ji)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2002-01-01

The comprehensive analysis was conducted of various data obtained in the geothermal development promotion survey conducted in the Kuwanosawa area, Yuzawa city, Akita prefecture, from FY 1998 to FY 2000. The geology of the Kuwanosawa area consists of the Pretertiary system and Quarternary system, through which intrusive rocks are recognized. Basement rocks are composed of the Paleozoic-origin crystalline schist and the Cretaceous-period granites which intruded into the schist. In the Kuwanosawa area, there were recognized no clear geothermal signs such as the discharge of geothermal fluids like hot spring, fumarolic gas, etc., places of high temperature and new geothermal alteration zones. The geothermal water of borehole N11-KN-1 is a low temperature/low CL concentration geothermal water which was stored in basement rocks, which is supposed to be the one conductively heated in the process of the meteoric water penetrating deep-underground. The geothermal system heat source in the Kuwanosawa area and the periphery is regarded as the relic magma which spewed out the volcanic rocks of Mt. Takamatsu-dake in the Quaternary period. However, the geothermal fluid included no components originating in high temperature volcanic emissions, and therefore, it is considered that the geothermal fluid was formed by the meteoric water conductively heated by volcanic heat source. (NEDO)

FY 1999 research cooperation project. Research cooperation in development of technology to extract/treat mineral resources in environmental harmony and high-efficiently; 1999 nendo kankyo chowagata kokoritsu kobutsu shigen chushutsu shori gijutsu no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This project is aimed at effectively using non-ferrous metal resource in Kazakhstan Republic and at conducting a joint development of the environment-friendly and efficient technology to extract/collect valuable metals (copper, gold, silver, rare metal, etc.) including in quantity in the slag generated with the mine operation in Kazakhstan. For the purpose of collecting valuable metals from slag, etc., the project is to develop the technology to collect valuable metals in saving energy and in low environmental loads by adopting the wet treatment process and to carry out the field survey on the existence of slag, etc. and the research on minerals. As the field research/domestic research, various element technologies are also to be carried out such as leaching, solvent extraction, electrolyte sampling, and waste water treatment. Based on the R and D of the element technology, a pilot plant is designed/fabricated and installed at the site in Kazakhstan. Then, the operation is studied and analyzed to make a technically/economically comprehensive evaluation. In this fiscal year, the field survey, research on the wet treatment, and test on the waste water treatment are conducted. Facilities of a pilot plant were transported to the site. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1988 on research and development of basic technologies for next-generation industry. Researches into organisms for biological device (information processing in organisms); 1988 nendo bio soshi seibutsu chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Seibutsu no joho shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-09-01

Researches into organisms for their information processing, conducted in fiscal 1988 as part of a 'biological device research and development' project under the research and development system for basic technologies for the next-generation industry, are compiled into an article entitled 'information processing in neurons, and calcium ions.' The level of neuronal activity depends on changes in the level of nerve-membrane ion channel activity. Some kinds of ion channels are chemically activated (or inactivated) within the membrane. The phosphorylation of a protein ion channel is a typical case where an ion channel level is regulated chemically. In the muscarinic response of a neuron, a chemically operated ion channel plays an important roll relative to neuronal functions. In this response, a second messenger system in the neuron transmits extracellular information to the chemically operated ion channel. In this system, a calcium ion is one of important second messengers. (NEDO)

Proposal of an efficient operation method about order processing sequence and allocating goods to racks in the automatic picking system; Jido picking system ni okeru shohin no tanawaritsuke to chumon shori junjo no koritsuka un`yo hoshiki no teian

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ono, T.; Kagami, A.; Kosaka, M. [Hitachi Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-07-05

The material distribution center is a facility to store the goods from a factory and to prepare to ship the goods in response to order from retail store. Recently, with multiplication of consumption market, multi-variety and less-amount of the goods, multi-frequency of delivery and time saving form order to delivery are required. As picking work to prepare the stored goods for each customer requires specially many man-hours out of the works in this center, time saving of working becomes an important problem. In this paper, for an object of the automatic picking system constructed by plural equipments and to execute picking of small goods for each order, the following two operation methods were proposed: (1) To define shelf sharing of the goods so that the picking requirement numbers for each picking hand may be uniform as well as possible in response to order distribution for each goods, and (2) to define treating sequence of order so as not to generate large difference in order treating times among each treating hand on operation in parallel. These operation methods were confirmed their total treating time saving by some experiments using actual ordered data. 7 refs., 8 figs., 6 tabs.

Hydrogen utilization international clean energy system technology (WE-NET). Subtask 8. Research and development of hydrogen combustion turbines (development of ultra-high temperature materials); Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system (WE-NET). Subtask 8. Suiso nensho turbine no kenkyu kaihatsu chokoon zairyo no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The paper described the result of the fiscal 1996 development of ultra-high temperature materials for parts of hydrogen combustion turbines, as part of the hydrogen utilization technology, which have excellent environmental protectivity and remarkably high efficiency. By the optimized solution heat treatment of monocrystal alloy developed in the previous fiscal year, obtained was strength property the same as the existing super alloys. As to FRC, pore size and strength property of SiC organic hybrid were made clear. ODS alloy cooling blades and heat insulation coating were studied, and YSZ was found to be most excellent as coating material. Concerning intermetallic compounds, the applicability to ultra-high temperatures up to 1700degC was not obtained. For improvement of heat resistance and environment resistance, adopted were highly compacting SiC matrix and BN coatings. Al2O3 was excellent in long-time stability. In the 1600degC steam corrosion test on multiplex structural materials with Al2O3 as surface material, chemical stability was confirmed. Three-dimensional woven fiber reinforced composite materials of C/C{center_dot}CMC were trially produced by changing the fiber orientation, and improvement in ultra-high temperature thermal shock resistance was confirmed. A study was made of spot observation of the specimen surface by laser microscope, and development was conducted of a temperature measuring method with no influence of radiant heat. 44 refs., 250 figs., 40 tabs.

Achievement report for fiscal 1996 on the research and development of technologies for important region. Development of control system technology for combustion with energy use rationalized, etc.; 1996 nendo juyo chiiki gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Energy shiyo gorika nensho nado seigyo system gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The goal is to develop basic technologies to build an SiC device capable of service amid high-temperature surroundings for the advancement and optimization of combustion control systems. In an SiC semiconductor, the Si-C bond is broken when irradiated with ions, and this makes the occurrence of thermal oxidation easy to occur. In the study to form SiC into single-crystal substrates, a substrate with warpage of 10 micrometers or less and surface coarseness of 10 nanometers or less is realized. In the development of sensor technologies, the high-speed CVD (chemical vapor deposition) method is applied for the growth of crystals further on a 3C-SiC layer epitaxially grown by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) surface control, which improves on layer characteristics. Element technologies are developed for the construction of a 3-terminal element (FET: field effect transistor), which is for the construction of a high-temperature, high-speed SiC device. An effort is made at achieving 3C-SiC hetero-epitaxial growth, etc., on a 3-inch Si substrate using an SiC crystal film formation experimenting apparatus, which aims at constructing a control device. Concerning the combustion control system, the relations between the air/fuel ratio and the emission spectra of radicals OH, CH, and C2 in a flame are made clear. Also referred to are the basic studies being conducted at research institutes such as universities and a survey of technological trends abroad.

Achievement report for fiscal 1998 on World Energy Network (WE-NET). Subtask 8. Development of hydrogen combustion turbine (Development of main accessories); 1998 nendo suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) seika hokokusho. 8. Suiso nensho turbine no kaihatsu (shuyo hokirui no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This report covers the effort to develop hydrogen-fueled turbines under the international clean energy project. In the development of technologies for the use of liquid hydrogen cold heat, studies are conducted about the emergency stop of an air separating device for a 1,000MW power plant and about a backup system, various details and specifications are defined, and a tentative design is prepared for the whole system. Studies are made about economic efficiency, which lands on a oxygen production cost of 10.92 yen/Nm{sup 3}. In the development of high-temperature heat exchangers, the results are evaluated of the competition which has been under way since 1997 between two entrusted corporations over the topping regeneration cycle technology. In this fiscal year, the evaluation is accomplished by the main accessories development subcommittee, and the Toshiba Corporation wins first place, and the Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., second place. It is found, however, that the conceptual designs are both feasible from the technological point of view. In addition, tasks to study for the next project are put together. (NEDO)

Report on the achievements in the Sunshine Project in investigations and studies on treatment technologies for coals used in coal gasification. A report on coal type investigation; Sekitan gas ka yotan no shori gijutsu ni kansuru chosa kenkyu. Tanshu chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1990-03-01

This paper reports the investigation on coal types for coal gasification in the Sunshine Project. With regard to the status of existence, production and dressing of coals as the material for coal gasification and liquefaction, summarized site investigations and sampling were performed on underground mining coal mines being operated in Japan. Test sample coals are put into a data file as the important fundamental data for gasification and liquefaction characteristics tests at the Japan Coal Energy Center. The sampling investigation is planned to start in fiscal 1988. The coal mines having been investigated to date include: Taiheiyo Coal Mine (Kushiro), Mitsui Coal Mining Industry (Miike), Matsushima Coal Mine (Ikejima), Mitsubishi Coal Mining Industry (Minami O-Yubari), Sumitomo Coal Akabira Coal Mine (Akabira), Mitsui Coal Mining Industry (Ashibetsu), and Sorachi Coal Mine (Sorachi). Coal beds subjected to the sampling were selected upon carefully discussing with the site engineers on the current status of the coal mine, and the coal beds that could be operated in the future. The sampling method was such that the whole coal bed from the upper bed to the lower bed at the facing was sampled and put into vinyl sampling bags each at about 2 kg as the target. (NEDO)

Report on a fiscal 1995 basic survey of the environmental engineering. Investigational survey on the improvement of the waste treatment system; 1995 nendo kankyo business no engineering ka kiso chosa hokokusho. Haikibutsu shori system no kodoka ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-05-01

The paper described the present situation of the waste treatment system for the environmental engineering and the problems. The final waste treatment plants are in the tighter and tighter condition, and therefore the waste treatment system ought to be changed to a system in which importance is placed on the size reduction, weight reduction, and recycle. Accordingly, the waste treatment system becomes more characterized as a resource feedback process, and should be given more credit as a system for production of secondary resource. The problem is arrangement of conditions of technology, cost and legislation system for smoothing such recycling flow. Of course, it is natural that the most important subject of the system is to secure the environmental preservation by the waste treatment. As future subjects, needed are understanding of the waste treatment as a resource reproductive system, relation with other industries, and review of the legislation system. In consideration of technology, cost and environmental loads, required are proposal of validity of the recycle level limit and a future image of the system structure, and policies for promoting and supporting the recycle business. 47 figs., 104 tabs.

TMN-based network management systems for utility telecommunication network. Pt. 4. Method of estimation of processing time for a management function; ATM ni motozuku denryoku tsushinmo no un`yo kanri system. 4. Kanri kino tani no shori jikan suitei hoho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yusa, H.; Otani, T.

1998-05-01

A method of estimation of processing time for a management function is proposed to test system performance. This method utilizes characteristics of message passing between managed objects to recognize all over the systems. Estimation of processing time is proceeded with following steps. (1) analysis of message flow: with design information, message patterns are set and the number of messages to be sended and received are counted. (2) measuring processing time of each message type: we developed programs to measure processing time of sending and receiving messages. Using this programs, message processing time for each message type is measured. (3) calculating total system processing time: managing system processing time and managed system processing time are calculated. Total system processing time is derived from those. This paper also shows the applying proposed method to SDH fault detection function, which have two different processes: all event process, event and log process. This resulted in 2:1 processing time on a case of fiber cut off for managing two SDH equipments. (author)

FY 1992 report on the survey of geothermal development promotion. Supplementary survey on data processing (No.38 - West area of Mt. Aso); 1991 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa. Data shori ni kakawaru hosoku chosa hokokusho (No.38 Asosan seibu chiiki)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1993-09-01

As a part of the survey of geothermal development promotion in FY 1992, chemical/isotopic analysis of fumarolic gas in the Yoshioka district was made to elucidate the underground geothermal structure in the west area of Mt. Aso in Kumamoto Prefecture. Items for analysis of fumarolic gas were 16 items including the temperature, concentration of non-condensable gas, CO2, H2O, CH{sub 4}, {delta}D(CH{sub 4}) and {delta}{sup 13}C(CO2). Items for analysis of condensed water were 9 items including pH, Na, NH{sub 4}, {delta}D(H2O) and {delta}{sup 18}O. As a result of the analysis, the main component of non-condensable gas of fumarolic gas was CO2, and the composition was similar to that of the fumarolic gas in the Yunoya/Tarutama district in the periphery. It was presumed that the origin and formation mechanism of fumarolic gas were also similar to those in the Yunoya/Tarutama district. It was presumed that the deep geothermal reservoir which is the source of vapor/gas generation was composed of the neutral or alkalescent geothermal water, and a possibility that the reservoir is connected with the deep geothermal reservoir in the Yunoya district was presumed from a viewpoint of geographical location. (NEDO)

Research cooperation project in fiscal 2000. Research cooperation on developing high-efficiency mineral resource extracting and processing technology of environment harmonizing type; 2000 nendo kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo. Kankyo chowagata kokoritsu kobutsushigen chushutsu shori gijutsu no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

A joint research has been carried out in the Republic of Kazakhstan on a technology to extract and recover efficiently the valuable metals (copper, gold, silver and others) contained in ore wastes in large quantity, with considerations given to the environment. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 2000 being the last fiscal year. This joint research has performed researches on the processing technology and processes, and on the operation research by using a pilot plant, using low-grade ores in the Nikolayevska Mine and ore wastes from the Zhezkent Mineral Dressing Mill as the objects. As a result of the researches, the following matters were discovered: if the ore wastes are used as the starting materials in the copper recovering process using the chemical leaching process, the copper price of $1,800 per ton is the breakeven point; economic effect is enhanced by grinding the starting materials into finer particles, adding a zinc recovery process, and recovering gold by using cyanogens; and this pilot plant is pollution free, and easy in maintenance and control. These processes were concluded effective in reducing the efficient waste ore processing and environmental cost being the environmental problem in Kazakhstan. (NEDO)

'Research and development of research information infrastructure'. Achievement report on development of parallel processing software technology for discrete value solving methods; Kenkyu joho kiban kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Risanka suchi kaiho no tame no heiretsu shori software gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-09-01

Research and development has been performed on a general purpose parallel processing software that can be utilized for value solving methods, such as the finite element method, finite volume method and finite difference method. The achievements of the research and development may be summarized as follows: this parallel platform is parallelized in the concept of the domain division method for the elements (calculation cells), and is applicable to any of the finite element method, finite volume method and finite difference method; a researcher who has developed a program can easily perform the parallelization work to have the parallelizing performance displayed; the platform can be utilized in agreement with several parallel levels that are required by the user; with regard to the parallelization efficiency in large-size problems, it has become possible to execute at an efficiency of higher than 70% for the solver parts by using 32 processors of SR8000 at the computation center of the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology; the rigidity matrix preparing part shows an efficiency close to 100%W; and the developed parallel platform is under continued evaluation at the Machine Technology Research Institute and the Material Engineering Research Institute. (NEDO)

Report on the achievements in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1987. Collection of data from coal liquefaction processes, and development of a disposal system; 1987 nendo sekitan ekika process nado no data no shushu, shori system nado no kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1988-03-01

The present study is intended to investigate the current status of the information control system in the coal liquefaction technology development project, and structure a coal liquefaction database system to manage and utilize comprehensively the items of information provided by the system. Section 2 shows the result of epitomizing opinions on the purpose of the coal liquefaction database by means of a questionnaire survey to NEDO, and opinions of people of experience and academic standing. Section 3 depicts the basic conception of a coal database total system. Section 4 summarizes the conceptual idea of the fundamental database by washing out the data input and output, and the contents recorded in the database. Section 5 summarizes the basic sub-system required for management and utilization of the database, and different application systems for data analysis required in each stage of performing the coal liquefaction technology development, and for operation assistance. Section 6 summarizes a general technological information retrieval system, in which general information on coal liquefaction is recorded, processed, and registered and accumulated in the database, and then the information retrieval and the original information providing service are carried out. Section 7 summarizes philosophies on development and operation of the coal liquefaction database, operating institutions, and problems to be solved. (NEDO)

Acoustic excitation of diffusion flames with coherent structure in a plane shear layer. ; Application of active combustion control to two-dimensional phase-locked arranging measurements. Soshiki kozo wo tomonau heimen sendai kakusan kaen no onkyo reiki. ; Nijigen iso heikin bunpu sokutei eno active nensho seigyo no oyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ishino, Y.; Kojima, T.; Oiwa, N.; Yamaguchi, S. (Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya (Japan))

1993-11-25

The acoustic excitation of a plane diffusion flame enhances the periodicity of organized eddy controlled combustion. In this study, to clarify an effectiveness of application of active combustion control, phase characteristics of the excited eddy flames with high periodicity have been examined. A computer-aided phase-locked averaging method was employed to obtain graphical two-dimensional contour maps of the instantaneous profiles of temperature and CH emission. Both maps consisting of eight consecutive phases indicated clearly not only the periodic behavior of the organized eddy flame, but also the gas dynamic properties peculiar to those flames with coherent structure. In addition, the profiles of local contribution of the sound field to the combustion process were examined by calculating the two-dimensional distribution of the local Rayleigh index. Calculation results of the two-dimensional distribution of the local Rayleigh index indicated that the organized eddy flames have high sensitivity to sound, and play an important role in an interaction of sound and flame. 6 refs., 9 figs.

Combustion characteristics of stratified mixture. 1st Report. Measurement of mixture distribution in a constant-volume combustion chamber using laser-induced NO2 fluorescence; Sojo kongoki no nensho tokusei ni kansuru kenkyu. 1. Laser reiki NO2 keikoho ni yoru teiyo nenshokinai kongoki bunpu no keisoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fujimoto, M.; Nishida, K.; Hiroyasu, H. [Hiroshima University, Hiroshima (Japan). Faculty of Engineering; Tabata, M. [Mazda Motor Corp., Hiroshima (Japan)

1996-06-25

Laser-induced fluorescence from nitrogen dioxide (NO2) as gas fuel tracer was applied to determine mixture stratification in a pancake-type constant-volume combustion chamber using propane and hydrogen fuels. The second-harmonic output of a pulsed Nd: YAG laser was used as a light source for fluorescence excitation. The fluorescence images were corrected by a gated image-intensified CCD camera. The quantitative analysis of fuel concentration was made possible by the application of linearity between fluorescence intensity and NO2 concentration at a low trace level. The stratified mixture (center-rich or center-lean) was concentrically formed in the central region of the chamber by a jet flow from a tangentially oriented port. The concentration difference in the radial direction of the chamber decreased with time from the start of injection. The rate of decrease was faster for hydrogen than for propane. After 300 ms from start of injection, however, the time histories of the concentration difference were nearly constant for both fuels regardless of overall concentration. 10 refs., 16 figs., 1 tab.

Fiscal 2000 project for development of international standards for supporting novel industries. Standardization of digital image processing for domestic digital electronic equipment; 2000 nendo shinki sangyo shiengata kokusai hyojun kaihatsu jigyo. Kateiyo digital denshi kiki ni okeru digital gazo shori no hyojunka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Three-year research and development had been under way since fiscal 1998 for the establishment of global standards for domestic digital electronic equipment. In this last fiscal year of the project, emphasis was placed on supporting Japanese corporations concerned so that they would submit propositions relative to an expanded IPMP (Intellectual Property Management and Protection) system. First, Japan's technical propositions as to how to assure interchangeability between terminal devices were reviewed. Next, reviews were made of technical propositions and propositions for their application involving interface conversion and protocol conversion at content servers and RA servers, functional augmentation of roaming service, and the like. Support was provided for activities aiming at their global-scale standardization and for the preparation of groundwork materials for persons concerned with the technical committee involved. In relation to verification tests for supporting this project, system models, simulation models, and the like, were constructed. In relation to WD3.0 of IPMP, Japan's propositions were incorporated into its core, and this proved to be the major accomplishment under this project. (NEDO)

Research cooperation promotion business for fiscal 1998. Research cooperation in the development of environmentally-friendly high-efficiency mineral resources extracting and processing technologies; 1998 nendo kenkyu kyoryoku suishin jigyo. Kankyo chowagata kokoritsu kobutsu shigen chushutsu shori gijutsu no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Research cooperation was conducted in the Republic of Kazakhstan for efficiently extracting and collecting valuable metals (gold, silver, copper, and rare metals) contained in volume in the slag generated by mining operation, with caution exercised not to disturb the environment. The research items taken up for development involved technologies of the leaching of the target elements using sulfuric acid, microbes, etc.; extraction using solvents; electroextraction; collection of gold and silver; and the treatment of waste water. In fiscal 1998, the wet process and the processing of gold and silver were studied, for which the specimens sampled at the research site in and after fiscal 1996 were used. As for the fabrication of pilot plant facilities, all were completed in fiscal 1998, and part of them was transported to the research site. Procurement and transportation necessary for the joint research were also carried out. Furthermore, to ensure effective execution of the project, scientists were invited from Vniitsvetmet, the Kazakhstan research institute for non-ferrous metals, for training, who included the institute director, deputy director, patent/liaison department chief, and two researchers. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 project for development of international standards for supporting novel industries. Standardization of digital image processing for domestic digital electronic equipment; 2000 nendo shinki sangyo shiengata kokusai hyojun kaihatsu jigyo. Kateiyo digital denshi kiki ni okeru digital gazo shori no hyojunka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Three-year research and development had been under way since fiscal 1998 for the establishment of global standards for domestic digital electronic equipment. In this last fiscal year of the project, emphasis was placed on supporting Japanese corporations concerned so that they would submit propositions relative to an expanded IPMP (Intellectual Property Management and Protection) system. First, Japan's technical propositions as to how to assure interchangeability between terminal devices were reviewed. Next, reviews were made of technical propositions and propositions for their application involving interface conversion and protocol conversion at content servers and RA servers, functional augmentation of roaming service, and the like. Support was provided for activities aiming at their global-scale standardization and for the preparation of groundwork materials for persons concerned with the technical committee involved. In relation to verification tests for supporting this project, system models, simulation models, and the like, were constructed. In relation to WD3.0 of IPMP, Japan's propositions were incorporated into its core, and this proved to be the major accomplishment under this project. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the investigational study on the application of remote controlled robot to the field of treatment of toxic substances, etc.; 2000 nendo chosa hokokusho. Enkaku sosa robot no yugai busshitsu to shori bunya heno oyo ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The paper studied a combination of the advanced robot remote controlled technology and the latest sensing/monitoring/failure diagnosis technology and investigated the application field of the integrated remote technology and items for the R and D. As to the construction of the common platform in the integrated remote technology making full use of the most up-to-date IT, extraction of element technology and study of developmental subjects were carried out for man-machine interface, remote control, sensing/monitoring, movement on nonlevel land, etc. Concerning the integrated remote technology in application fields, concepts for the development of the following technologies were constructed: integrated remote technology in the field of treatment of toxic substances/hazardous materials; integrated remote technology in the field of places to which personnel access is an impossibility; integrated remote technology in the field of remote/simultaneous treatment; integrated remote technology in the field of man substitution; integrated remote technology in the field of work at dangerous places. (NEDO)

Report on the achievements in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1988. Development of a collection and processing system for data of the coal liquefaction process; 1988 nendo sekitan ekika process nado no data no shushu, shori system nado no kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1989-03-01

Storing and managing comprehensively a huge amount of data acquired in developing the coal liquefaction technologies would greatly contribute to moving forward the development of the coal liquefaction technologies, and realizing a commercial plant being the ultimate goal. It is intended to investigate the current status of information management systems used for development projects being implemented or planned in developing the coal liquefaction technologies. It is also intended to structure a coal liquefaction database system to utilize comprehensively and effective the information discovered by the above investigation. The current fiscal year has performed developments on the following items to structure a coal liquefaction database system by using a computer: (1) conceptual design of the fundamental database, and (2) basic design on a general technological information retrieval system. The development during the current fiscal year established a method to classify levels of data accommodation for the fundamental database based on the investigation and analysis of the experimental data. In addition, with regard to the general technological information retrieval system, summarization was performed on the specifications of the hardware and software, the basic configuration, the input and output specifications, and the retrieval screens. (NEDO)

Investigation on application of coal ash, lime and gypsum-based compositions. ; Development of technology to utilize and dispose of used desulfurizing agnet. Sekitanbaiter dot sekkaiter dot sekkokei soseibutsu no oyo ni kansuru chosa. ; Shiyozumi datsuryu zai no riyo shori gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mori, K. (The Hokkaido Electric Power Co. Inc., Sapporo (Japan))

1991-11-20

This paper describes the result of an investigation by testing on re-utilizing the used desulfurizing agent discharged from a thermal power plant as a sludge disposer and a deodorant. The used desulfurizing agent used in the test is a nearly neutral substance composed mainly of SiO{sub 2} and CaSO{sub 4}. The paper describes that the tested agent has a character to solidify when added with water, and the solidified substance made from the agent added into a sludge is nearly neutral and usable in the similar manner as in the commercially available sludge solidifying materials. The paper also reports that in a field test for applying this tested agent to cover the sludge surface, a marked effect of improving water quality was recognized, including the increased water transparency. It also states that the tested agent absorbs ammonia actively, and that as a result of investigating its applicability as a deodorant for pet excreta odors, the agent can be handled more easily than the commercially available deodorants and has a deodorizing effect equivalent to or better than them. 4 refs., 7 figs., 6 tabs.

Achievement report for fiscal 1983 on Sunshine Program-entrusted research and development. Research on hydrogen production technology using electrolysis (Research on electrolysis of water using alkali type solid polymer electrolyte); 1983 nendo denki bunkaiho ni yoru suiso seizo gijutsu no kenkyu seika hokokusho. Arukarigata kotai kobunshi denkaishitsu suidenkai no kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1984-03-01

The report covers the outcome of the research conducted for the establishment of basic techniques for the electrolysis of water using the alkali type solid polymer electrolyte. This fiscal year, following the previous fiscal year, anode materials fit for the electrolysis of water by the AZEC method are investigated, and a medium-size cell, high-temperature cell, and test unit are built. As the result, it becomes clear that the Raney Nickel electrode is relatively active as anode as well as cathode and that it is excellent in durability. The Raney Nickel electrode, with its activity further improved by modification using rhodium and rhenium, is durable, and exhibits the lowest overvoltage. As for the medium-size cell, a cell structure excellent in outgassing while maintaining electrode flatness is sought for, and it is found that it is capable of electrolytic performance similar to that of a small-size cell. As for the high-temperature cell, studies are conducted about the impact of temperature and pressure on the bath voltage. The pressure control system experimentally built in this research is found to be excellent in transient response too. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1998. Research and development of polymer electrolyte fuel cell module (Development of 10kW-class transportable power source system of high current density type); 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Kotai kobunshigata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu, kodenryu mitsudogata 10kW kyu kahangata dengen system no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For the development by the end of fiscal 2000 the above-named system which will operate on methanol/air (normal atmospheric pressure) yielding 0.3W/cm{sup 2} or more, efforts are exerted about a high-lamination type PEFC (polymer electrolyte fuel cell) module and a lamination type methanol reformer, this project carried over from fiscal 1997. In relation with the PEFC module, platinum loading was reduced (by 60% from the amount in fiscal 1997) by catalytic layer improvement, cell characteristics were improved, continuous load imposition was performed using a reformed simulation gas, life test was conducted consisting of frequent starts and stops, lamination was built using shaping separators, and a 2kW-class stack was built and evaluated for performance. Next to come is a test run of a 5kW-class stack. In relation with the lamination type methanol, element components were tested. A reformer section and a catalytic combustion section were designed, manufactured, and tested, and a vaporizer section and a CO reduction section were evaluated for performance and life. A 2kW-rate lamination type methanol reformer was designed and built by integrating the said element components, and was subjected to a test run for performance evaluation. (NEDO)

FY 1999 Results of research and development project for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). Development of high current density type 10kW class portable power source systems; 1999 nendo kotai kobunshigata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kodenryu mitsudogata 10kW kyu kahangata dengen system no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Described herein are the FY 1999 results of the research and development project aimed at development of multi-stacked PEFC modules and plate-stack type methanol reformers, and researches on portable power source systems, for development of methanol-air 10kW class (over 0.3W/cm{sup 2}) PEFC systems for portable use by the end of the FY 2000. The programs for the multi-stacked PEFC modules include improvement of tolerance against CO by improvement of catalyst bed and gas passage structures; development of a multi-stacked 5kW class stack structured to prevent fuel starvation; endurance tests conducted at a constant load using a simulated methanol reformate gas; and development, on a trial basis, of the stack using a formed separator. The programs for the plate-stack type methanol reformers include development, on a trial basis, of reforming catalysts integrated with flow passages, combustion catalysts and CO oxidation catalysts, and endurance evaluation tests for the reformer elements. The researches on portable power source systems include studies on, e.g., system control/behavior and efficiency, and basic system designs. The performance and environment endurance tests are also conducted for auxiliary equipment, e.g., blowers. (NEDO)

Report on the fiscal 1997 result of the Japan-China joint demonstration project of environment-friendly cost utilization systems. Low grade coal combustion system (Zhejiang Huba Co. Ltd.); 1997 nendo seika hokokusho kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kyodo jissho jigyo. Teihin`itan nensho system ni kakawaru jissho jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This demonstration project aims at reduction of pollutants derived from coal utilization in China by demonstration of CCT to be diffused in China and preparation of diffusion bases, and stable import of energy for Japan. A low-grade coal combustion system burns low-grade coal by use of an internal circulating fluidized bed boiler which burns coal by uniform mixing and circulation of coal and some particles such as limestone and ash. Main specifications of the boiler are as follows: evaporation rate of 35t/h, steam pressure of 3.82MPa (39.0kg/cm{sup 2}), steam temperature of 450degC, water supply temperature of 150degC, internal circulating fluidized bed combustion type, boiler efficiency of 75%, and desulfurization rate of 90% or more. Main properties of low-grade coal are as follows: calorific value of 1830kcal/kg, coal size of 10mm or less, total water content of 2.5%, total S content of 2.7%, ash content of 67.7%, limestone purity of 50% or more, and stone size of 3mm or less. The results in fiscal 1997 are as follows: field survey and arrangement, basic planning and design, design, production and procurement of equipment, training, and dispatch of field supervisor. 26 figs., 3 tabs.

Effect of mixture formation process of premixed lean diesel combustion. Study of the effect of mixture homogeneity on premixed lean diesel combustion in aid of numerical simulation; Yokongo diesel nensho ni okeru kongoki keisei katei no eikyo. Kongoki no kin`itsusei no eikyo to suchi simulation ni yoru kosatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shimazaki, N; Miyamoto, T; Akagawa, H; Tsujimura, K

1997-10-01

NOx emission was extremely decreased by PREDIC (PREmixed lean DIesel Combustion) in which fuel was injected at very early stage of compression stroke and the combustion started at near the TDC by self ignition. We have considered that NOx reduction is caused the decrease of a region of stoichiometric mixture ratio by means of extremely early injection. Therefore the homogeneity is very important to decrease of NOx. In this study to investigate the effect of mixture homogeneity in the PREDIC, gaseous fuels (DME, CH4) were charged into the intake, by the combination of direct fuel injection, the mixture heterogeneity was positively changed. In addition the mixture formation process is shown in aid of numerical simulation, it is observed that the homogeneous has the advantage of low NOx emission in PREDIC region. 9 refs., 10 figs., 1 tab.

Fiscal 1993 achievement report. International Clean Energy Network Using Hydrogen Conversion (WE-NET) technology (Subtask 8 - Development of hydrogen combustion turbine - Development of main accessories); 1993 nendo seika hokokusho. Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) (Subtask 8. Suiso nensho tabin no kaihatsu - Shuyo hokirui no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

In the first fiscal year 1993 of the project, surveys were conducted about current technologies relative to cold energy-utilizing oxygen production equipment and high-temperature heat exchangers for the development of main accessories for a hydrogen combustion turbine plant. Kobe Steel, Ltd., conducted surveys about very low temperature heat exchangers and cold energy utilization technology used in facilities for gasifying liquid hydrogen or liquefied gas. Daido Hoxan, Inc., in its research on the possibility of air separator performance enhancement through liquid hydrogen cold energy application, studied reduction in power unit requirement, stable power supply responding to changes in load, safety measures, and so forth. Toshiba Corporation conducted surveys and studies about heat conduction improvement techniques and about the type, structure, and materials for heat exchangers for the embodiment of a high-temperature heat exchanger excellent in performance and high in structural soundness. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., aiming to establish basic technologies for heat exchangers, studied efficiency enhancement with low pressure loss, improved hygroscopic moisture removing function, and new materials utilization for achieving high-temperature capability. (NEDO)

FY 1999 project on the development of new industry support type international standards. Standardization of digital image processing in household digital electronic devices; 1999 nendo shinki sangyo shiengata kokusai hyojun kaihatsu jigyo seika hokokusho. Kateiyo digital denshi kiki ni okeru digital gazo shori no hyojunka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

As a framework of the processing of intellectual properties concerning the mobile videophone use coding system, MPEG-4, the paper took up the Intellectual Property Management and Protection (IPMP) framework, discussed a proposal for the standardization aiming at expanding IPMP functions, and summed up the FY 1999 results. In the activities of MPEG-4PF project in this fiscal year, four of the tools from Japan were extracted as candidates of the powerful tool which belongs to 'Simple and Core' of MPEG-4Visual and profile of MPEG-4Audio, and the international standardization was promoted. Especially, attention was paid to the mobile, promotion was made as a tool effective for heightening error resistance, and all the proposals were adopted. Further, attention was paid to the security field, and a proposal was made for IPMP expansion. The expansion makes up defects of the IPMP system which had already been proposed as a candidate for standardization. For the intensive discussion for this, a special work team was set up, and a special meeting was held at Tokyo University. (NEDO)

Research cooperation promoting project in fiscal 1998. Research cooperation related to developing mine resources extraction and treatment technologies of environment harmonizing and high efficiency type; 1998 nendo kenkyu kyoryoku suishin jigyo. Kankyo chowagata kokoritsu kobutsu shigen chushutsu shori gijutsu no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

In order to realize more effective utilization of non-ferrous metal resources, joint research cooperation is made with the Republic of Kazakhstan. It is intended that valuable metals (gold, silver, copper, rare metals, and others) contained at large quantity in ore scraps generated in association with mine operation be extracted and recovered efficiently paying considerations to the environment. The treatment process consists of the following conception: raw materials such as ore scraps are leached by sulfuric acid and microorganisms to separate and recover gold and silver; the leach liquor containing valuable metals is extracted by using solvent and recovered of copper and rare metals via an electrolytic process; and the waste water is treated and discharged. Fiscal 1998 has performed studies on the wet treatment system at the site and in Japan, the gold and silver treatment, and the waste water treatment by using samples collected from the site in fiscal 1996. Based on the results of these fundamental studies, a pilot plant was built, and all of the facility fabrication was completed in fiscal 1998. Part of the facilities has been transported to the site. To drive the project forward effectively, materials and items of equipment required for the joint research were procured and transported to the country, and at the same time Kazakhstanian researchers were received in Japan for training. (NEDO)

FY 1999 project on the development of new industry support type international standards. Standardization of digital image processing in household digital electronic devices; 1999 nendo shinki sangyo shiengata kokusai hyojun kaihatsu jigyo seika hokokusho. Kateiyo digital denshi kiki ni okeru digital gazo shori no hyojunka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

As a framework of the processing of intellectual properties concerning the mobile videophone use coding system, MPEG-4, the paper took up the Intellectual Property Management and Protection (IPMP) framework, discussed a proposal for the standardization aiming at expanding IPMP functions, and summed up the FY 1999 results. In the activities of MPEG-4PF project in this fiscal year, four of the tools from Japan were extracted as candidates of the powerful tool which belongs to 'Simple and Core' of MPEG-4Visual and profile of MPEG-4Audio, and the international standardization was promoted. Especially, attention was paid to the mobile, promotion was made as a tool effective for heightening error resistance, and all the proposals were adopted. Further, attention was paid to the security field, and a proposal was made for IPMP expansion. The expansion makes up defects of the IPMP system which had already been proposed as a candidate for standardization. For the intensive discussion for this, a special work team was set up, and a special meeting was held at Tokyo University. (NEDO)

FY 1997 report on the survey on the current residential waste treatment and integrated utilization of waste including heat supply in Shanghai city; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (Shanghai shi ni okeru seikatsu gomi shori no genjo narabini kyonetsunado wo fukumu sogo riyo ni kansuru chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Survey was made on residential waste treatment in Shanghai city. Shanghai city with nearly 13 million registered residents produces on average 10,000-11,000 tons/day residential solid wastes. Such wastes are basically disposed by land filling. A landfill site has a current disposal capacity of 7,500 tons/day, and is scheduled to be expanded up to 9,000 tons/day. Problems of waste disposal in Shanghai city are as follows: transportation of wastes collected in the city by trucks, transportation through transit stations to the landfill site by ships, and high disposal cost. Shanghai Environmental Sanitation Bureau is pursuing researches on recycling of wastes, reduction of wastes and harmless treatment in place of conventional land filling. As the survey result, adoption of complete separate collection of wastes is basically important, and application of the latest technologies such as combustion treatment for every waste, heat use, gasification fusion furnace, and RDF (refuse derived fuel) for coal-firing boilers should be considered. 86 figs., 18 tabs.

FY 2000 report on the results of the R and D of fundamental technologies of superconductivity applications. Development of technology to process low consumption power ultra high speed signals; 2000 nendo chodendo oyo kiban gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Teishohi denryoku chokosoku shingo shori gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-05-01

In relation to the project on the R and D of fundamental technologies of superconductivity applications, the FY 2000 results of the design/fabrication of superconducting circuits were summarized. As to the development of technology to design superconducting circuits, an increase in circuit scale was tried targeting AD converter use modulator and decimation filter. As a result, operation was confirmed in element circuits of flux quantum multiplier circuit, feed back driver, DC isolator, etc. Concerning the development of technology for standard junction and integration, RHEED observations on the thin film surface before/after etching and YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7-x} re-deposition were tried to be made, and the potentiality as monitoring technology was indicated. With respect to the fabrication of small scale circuits for demonstration, the design/trial fabrication were made of the basic pattern of SFQ circuit elements such as DC-SFQ, T-FF and SQUID for inductance rating. In regard to the development of technology to measure characteristics of superconducting circuits, a system was fabricated for processing and measuring output signals from {sigma}-{delta} modulators by semiconductor circuits, and it made the evaluation of AD converter performance possible. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1998 on the research and development of a basic technology to apply superconduction. Development of a low power consuming and high-speed signal processing technology; 1998 nendo chodendo oyo kiban gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Teishohi denryoku chokosoku shingo shori gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-05-01

The development of a superconduction circuit designing and manufacturing technology has achieved the following results: with respect to designing a circuit for single flux quantum (SFQ), the 'high-speed high-accuracy AC converter for front end of software radio' was selected as the target for a prototype to demonstrate the performance of the SFQ circuit. In analyzing movements of different SFQ basic circuits, such circuit simulator software versions were introduced as Saber, WR-SPICE, Wins, and Microcap, different motion waveforms for basic theoretical circuits were derived to compare their performances, and the effectiveness was verified respectively. In trial fabrication of a small demonstration circuit, design parameters were acquired from SQUID. In developing the technology to measure superconduction circuit characteristics, the following results were obtained: with regard to the element measuring and evaluating technology, an in-plane distribution measuring device was started up; and with respect to the circuit characteristics measuring and evaluating technology, a measuring system with low noise and low magnetic field was introduced. Regarding the circuit high-speed characteristics evaluating technology, development was made on a micro-strip line and coplanar transmission route converter. (NEDO)

Improvement of tribological properties of magnetic tape by silica coating onto the Co-{gamma}-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3} fine particles; Kobaruto hichakugata {gamma}-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3} jisei biryushi no shisshiki shirika hyomen shori ni yoru jikitepu no suberi tokusei no kaizen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hayashi, Kazuyuki; Iwasaki, Keisuke; Tanaka, Yasuyuki; Morii, Hiroko [Toda Kogyo Corporation, Hiroshima (Japan). R and D Center

1999-01-10

In order to improve the tribological properties of magnetic tape with Co-{gamma}-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3} fine particles against a magnetic head, the silica coating onto the surface of Co-{gamma}-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3} particles in aqueous slurry is investigated experimentally, and the kinetic friction coefficient of magnetic tapes prepared using the coated particles is measured. By this silica coating, the amount of myristic acid absorbed on the Co-{gamma}-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3} particles tends to decrease and the kinetic friction coefficient of the magnetic tapes can be reduced from 0.4 to 0.2 because of the increase of the effective amount of myristic acid working as the lubricant when the magnetic tape is moving. Since the magnetic properties and the dispersibility of Co-{gamma}-Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3} pigment in the magnetic lacquer are not degraded by the silica coating, this coating method is expected to result in magnetic recording media with both good magnetic and low friction properties. (author)

FY 2000 research cooperation project on the research cooperation for the commercialization of the waste water treatment technology for global warming prevention. Final report on subsidy work; NEDO kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo. Chikyu ondanka boshi haisui shori gijutsu no jitsuyoka ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku jose gyomu (Saishu hokokusho)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

As to the commercialization of the waste water treatment technology for food plant, the research cooperation with Thailand was carried out from FY 1998 to FY 2000, and the results were summed up. In this project, the R and D were made for the following purposes: treatment of organic matters in waste water for reduction in water pollutants, recovery of the methane gas emitted in the atmosphere for the effective use, reduction in sludge generation in the anaerobic + aerobic treatment system, simplification of operation/maintenance of the system, reduction in running cost. In FY 1998, conducted were the design of the total process and the manufacture/construction of a part of the anaerobic treatment process. In FY 1999, conducted was the manufacture/construction of the total process including the aerobic treatment process. After the completion of the construction work, operational study was made. In FY 2000, the demonstrative operation was conducted at the demonstrative plant, and the technology transfer was made in terms of analysis of operational data, maintenance of equipment, operational management, etc. Further, the technical explanatory meeting such as seminar was held as activities for the spread of this technology. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1998 on the research and development of a basic technology to apply superconduction. Development of a low power consuming and high-speed signal processing technology; 1998 nendo chodendo oyo kiban gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Teishohi denryoku chokosoku shingo shori gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-05-01

The development of a superconduction circuit designing and manufacturing technology has achieved the following results: with respect to designing a circuit for single flux quantum (SFQ), the 'high-speed high-accuracy AC converter for front end of software radio' was selected as the target for a prototype to demonstrate the performance of the SFQ circuit. In analyzing movements of different SFQ basic circuits, such circuit simulator software versions were introduced as Saber, WR-SPICE, Wins, and Microcap, different motion waveforms for basic theoretical circuits were derived to compare their performances, and the effectiveness was verified respectively. In trial fabrication of a small demonstration circuit, design parameters were acquired from SQUID. In developing the technology to measure superconduction circuit characteristics, the following results were obtained: with regard to the element measuring and evaluating technology, an in-plane distribution measuring device was started up; and with respect to the circuit characteristics measuring and evaluating technology, a measuring system with low noise and low magnetic field was introduced. Regarding the circuit high-speed characteristics evaluating technology, development was made on a micro-strip line and coplanar transmission route converter. (NEDO)

Summarized report on research cooperation promotion project in fiscal 2000. Research cooperation on developing high-efficiency mineral resource extracting and processing technology of environment harmonizing type; 2000 nendo kenkyu kyoryoku suishin jigyo sokatsu hokokusho. Kankyo chowagata kokoritsu kobutsushigen chushutsu shori gijutsu no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

A joint research with the Republic of Kazakhstan has been carried out on developing a technology to extract and recover efficiently the valuable metals (copper, gold, silver and others) contained in ore wastes in large quantity produced in association with mine operation, with considerations given to the environment. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 2000. The joint research has performed site survey for existence of ore wastes in the Republic of Kazakhstan, domestic research for discussing the disposal systems, design, fabrication, installation, adjustment and operation of a pilot plant. Process researches included ore flotation test, leaching test on Zhezkent ore wastes in chemical leaching and low-grade Nikolayevska ores, Cu leaching acceleration effect in bacteria leaching, utilization of activated carbon, fundamental test on solvent extraction, reverse extraction test, test using iron oxidizing bacteria in waste water treatment, Fe{sup 2}+ oxidation in waste water due to waste water bacteria concentrated by diatomaceous earth, Au and Ag leaching test, and column leaching test. This paper summarizes the results thereof. (NEDO)

Hydrogen utilization international clean energy system technology (WE-NET). Subtask 8. Development of hydrogen combustion turbines (development of the main component devices such as turbine blades and rotors); Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET). Subtask 8. Suiso nensho turbine no kaihatsu (turbine yoku, rotor nado shuyo kosei kiki no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The paper described the result of the fiscal 1996 development relating to hydrogen combustion turbines, as one of the hydrogen utilization technologies, which have excellent environmentality and are expected of remarkably high efficiency. In the film cooling system of first-stage moving/stationary blades, the smaller the pitch of film pore is, the higher the mean cooling efficiency becomes, indicating 0.7 at maximum. As compared with the conventional shower head type, the metal temperature can be reduced 30-40degC. In the recovery type inner (convection) cooling system, by reducing the blade number, the consumption amount of coolant can be reduced 6% in stationary blade and 13% in moving blade, as compared with the result of the preceding year. In the element test of the hybrid cooling system, film cooling efficiency was actually measured by the porous module test equipment, and the result well agreed with the calculation result. In the water cooling system, studied were water (stationary blade) and vapor (moving blade) of the closed cooling structure for realization of a cycle efficiency of 60%. In rotor/disk cooling, analyses were made of seal characteristic grasp tests and characteristics of the rotor. The effect of deflection in the mainstream was small. Besides, proper value of the seal overlapping amount could be obtained. 6 refs., 368 figs., 55 tabs.

FY 1998 annual summary report on International Clean Energy Network Using Hydrogen Conversion (WE-NET) system technology. Subtask 8. Development of hydrogen combustion turbine and ultrahigh-temperature materials; 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) subtask 8 (suiro nensho turbine no kaihatsu/chokoon zairyo no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Summarized herein are the materials designs/production and tests/evaluation results of heat-resistant materials, i.e., alloys, ceramic composites and carbon-based composites, which are expected to be applicable to the hydrogen combustion turbines. These have been studied since 1993, and this paper summarizes the overall evaluation results of the phase I program. The intermetallic compound as one of the candidate materials has a high-temperature strength in a range from 1200 to 1400 degrees C by optimizing elements added. However, no prospect is obtained for heat resistance at 1700 degrees C or more for the material not coated or cooled moderately. Each of the other candidate materials tested shows a bright prospect of applicability at the base material and specimen levels. The single-crystal superalloy for hybrid cooling structures has novelty in that it is free of Cr but incorporated with Si and Hf, showing approximately 10 degrees C higher heat-resistant temperature than CMSX-4. CMC and C/C are inherently excellent heat-resistant materials, and are attractive advanced composites, because they are expected to realize no-cooled blades at 1700 degrees C. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 survey report. Subtask 8 (hydrogen utilization worldwide clean energy system technology) (WE-NET) (R and D of hydrogen combustion turbines/development of ultra-high temperature materials); 1997 nendo seika hokokusho. Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) subtask 8 suiso nensho turbine kenkyu kaihatsu chokoon zairyo no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

For the application to hydrogen combustion turbines, the R and D were continued of heat resistant alloys, ceramic composite materials, and carbonaceous composite materials. In the development of highly efficient super alloy single crystal materials, as to the single crystal alloy (Ni-5.3Al-0.5Ti-6.0Mo-4.8W-6.0Re) and an alloy made by adding 0.15%Si to the above alloy and an alloy made by adding 2.0%Hf to the above alloy, data on high temperature tensile property and creep rupture property were obtained, and it was confirmed that Hf added alloys were excellent in strength. Relating to the development of fiber reinforced ceramics, materials for trial fabrication were fabricated by the CVI method using SiC fiber, and the evaluation test was conducted to obtain the basic data. Besides, the following were carried out: study of coating for heat resistant alloy cooled blades, development of ceramic composite materials, development of ceramic multi-structure materials and analysis of fracture behaviors under the ultra-high composite environment, development of 3D fiber reinforced composite materials, development of technology to evaluate basic properties of ultra-high temperature materials, etc. 46 refs., 217 figs., 43 tabs.

1998 Annual Study Report. Research and development of solid polymer type fuel cells (Development of techniques for power generation systems and several tens kW class, distributed power source systems); 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Kotai kobunshigata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu (hatsuden system gijutsu no kaihatsu / koden'atsugata su 10kW kyu bunsan dengen system no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The cells are tested using a CO-containing synthetic reforming gas in 1998, to verify the long-term characteristics of the solid polymer type fuel cells. The cells, equipped with the anode catalyst developed therefor, are tested for extended periods, to confirm the performance and stability in the synthetic gas flow. For development of the catalyst, the optimum content of Ru in the Pt and Ru alloy composition is determined. For the cell tests, the single- and 3-cell units are tested for extended periods. For verification of commercial viability of the stacked cell systems, the cell-humidifying techniques are developed, which can uniformly humidify each cell in the stacked unit with a number of cells, after investigating the effects of temporal changes in water permeability, pretreatment conditions and film thickness. These techniques are used to develop and operate a 10kW, stacked cell unit, which successfully generates power of 10.6 kW at the rated current density, exceeding the target of 10 kW. For development of design bases for compact fuel treatment system, the techniques which allow reduction of CO concentration to 10 ppm or less at high repeatability are developed. (NEDO)

1998 Annual Study Report. Research and development of solid polymer type fuel cells (Development of techniques for power generation systems and several tens kW class, distributed power source systems); 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Kotai kobunshigata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu (hatsuden system gijutsu no kaihatsu / koden'atsugata su 10kW kyu bunsan dengen system no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The cells are tested using a CO-containing synthetic reforming gas in 1998, to verify the long-term characteristics of the solid polymer type fuel cells. The cells, equipped with the anode catalyst developed therefor, are tested for extended periods, to confirm the performance and stability in the synthetic gas flow. For development of the catalyst, the optimum content of Ru in the Pt and Ru alloy composition is determined. For the cell tests, the single- and 3-cell units are tested for extended periods. For verification of commercial viability of the stacked cell systems, the cell-humidifying techniques are developed, which can uniformly humidify each cell in the stacked unit with a number of cells, after investigating the effects of temporal changes in water permeability, pretreatment conditions and film thickness. These techniques are used to develop and operate a 10kW, stacked cell unit, which successfully generates power of 10.6 kW at the rated current density, exceeding the target of 10 kW. For development of design bases for compact fuel treatment system, the techniques which allow reduction of CO concentration to 10 ppm or less at high repeatability are developed. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 phase 2 R and D report of WE-NET (International Clean Energy Network Using Hydrogen Conversion). Task 6. Development of the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell supplied with pure hydrogen; 1999 nendo suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) dainiki kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Task 6. Junsuiso kyokyu kotai kobunshigata nenryo denchi no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This report summarizes the fiscal 1999 research result on development of element technologies for a pure hydrogen fuel cell power system of nearly 45% in efficiency at terminal, and demonstration test result on the 30kW class polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell system supplied with pure hydrogen. On cell voltage characteristics in high-utilization operation, study was made on degradation and corrosion caused by short supply of hydrogen by using a single cell. As a result, it was found out that reverse polarization of -3.0V has small effect, however, that of -0.7V causes corrosion and deterioration of cell characteristics in a short time. In operation using actual-size cells for the 30kW class plant, it was effective to wet cells on the air side. On hydrogen high-utilization operation technique, study was made on hydrogen recovery and recycle operation, anode outlet line closed operation, and anode recycle operation. In addition, some studies were made on specifications of auxiliary facilities for fuel cells, safety measures for fuel cells and humidity control of supplied hydrogen gas. (NEDO)

Report on the survey in fiscal 1998. Basic survey on promotion of the joint implementation (a survey on improvement in wastes treatment system in Tapioka starch manufacturing plants); 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Kyodo jisshi nado suishin kiso chosa (Tapioka denpun kako kojo no haikibutsu shori no kaizen chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

In order to promote the joint implementation based on COP3, a survey and a discussion were given on improvement in wastes treatment systems and reduction of greenhouse effect gas emission in Tapioka starch manufacturing plants scattered in Indonesia. Currently, the wastes are disposed untreated, discharging methane gas into atmosphere as a result of putrefaction and contamination. Ten factories were picked up as the object of the survey. The following processes are to be adopted as the most suitable method for treating waste water and waste substances: solids (peels and fibers) are composted, and rinsing waste water is subjected to simple aerobic treatment; purified waste water is recovered of methane gas by means of anaerobic treatment; and the reduction amount of greenhouse effect gas converted to CO2 is estimated to reach 314,824 tons per year in total of the ten factories. If the carbon dioxide discharge right can be transacted at a sales price of a dollar per ton, assuming the compost sales price at 200 Rp./kg, the IRR will be 10% or higher, making the project very highly profitable. An IRR of 8% may not be assured unless the discharge right can be sold at 5 dollars per ton if the compost sales price is 150 Rp./kg. The Indonesian Government expects financial assistance from Japan for the pilot plant demonstration. (NEDO)

FY 1999 survey report on the survey of destruction technology of HFC, etc. for rationalization of energy use. Survey of the actual state of use/recovery/emissions of HFC, etc.; 1999 nendo energy shiyo gorika HFC nado hakai shori gijutsu chosa hokokusho. HFC nado shiyo kaishu haishutsu jittai chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This survey was aimed at collecting the basic data for studying a possibility of conversion of the recovery system of refrigerant freons, mostly DFC, into HFC, etc., which has been proceeded with in Japan. Of HFCs, PFCs and SF{sub 6} used for survey, only SF{sub 6} is now being recovered and processed. As to HFCs, HFC-134a was arranged, and the recovery/destruction to meet users' handling methods are requested because of the diverse usage and users. The points of the control of emissions of chemical substances into the atmosphere are the decrease in number of times of transport/filling-up at the time of materials handling and the closed system in plants and installation. If considering the heightening of efficiency of materials flow, requested are the decrease in number of times of transport/filling-up, the increase in quantity received by users, and measures to be taken for leakage at the time of receiving. In relation to the conversion of the recovery system of refrigerant freons, mainly CFC, into HFC, etc., all the industries concerned with the generation of the used substances to the materials flow have to promote the technical development for the structure and recovery in cooperation with each other. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 report on the results of the R and D of technology of high-level treatment/effective use of domestic/industrial wastes, etc. (for public); 1996 nendo Shin Energy Sangyo gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku seikatsu sangyo haikibutsu shori yuko riyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (kokaiyo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

For the purpose of reducing environmental loads of waste and effectively using resource by waste recycling, a study was conducted of high-level treatment/effective use technology for domestic/industrial wastes, etc. The paper reported the results of fiscal 1996. In the EcoCement producing technology using the synthetic urban type waste, EcoCement with stable quality was obtained using sewage sludge and industrial waste as raw materials. In the specified freon decomposition disposal technology, an experiment was carried out on durability, etc. of the processing unit. In the high speed/reduced smell biological garbage disposal technology, technology of fermenting disposal, etc. were established, and at the same time technology of making garbage compost was developed. In the technology to manufacture environment friendly type plastic containers, etc., a degradation behavior was grasped of degradable plastics in the compost. In the spread type waste plastic/thermal recycle technology, studied were a system to collect waste and a system to make waste solid fuel. Technology to recycle coolant freon was studied. 14 refs., 261 figs., 137 tabs.

Report on survey in fiscal 1999 for promotion of geothermal development. Supplementary survey on data processing (fluid inclusion test) for Tsujinodake Area No. B-6; 1998 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa hokokusho. Data shori ni kakawaru hosoku chosa (ryutai gan'yubutsu shiken nado) No.B-6 Tsujinodake chiiki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-10-01

This paper reports the fluid inclusion test in the Tsujinodake area in fiscal 1998 for the survey on promotion of geothermal development. The fluid inclusions were classified into three types: those with the maximum value or the average value of the homogenizing temperature agreeing nearly with the saturated boiling curve, those with the homogenizing temperature showing the interim temperature between the present well temperature and the saturated boiling curve, and those agreeing nearly with the present well temperature. It is presumed that the bed temperatures in depths of 1,125.30 m and 1,427.50 m have changed very little since after formation of the present circulating and flowing systems of geothermal waters until now. In contrast at the depth of 1,691.75 m, the bed temperature was estimated to have fallen slightly from that in the most active period of the geothermal water activities. As a result of the rock age measurement, it is estimated that, in the Nansatsu bed groups distributing around the N10-TD-1 well, the temperature has fallen gradually after having been subjected to hot water alteration actions at higher than 200 degrees C, and cooling has taken place down to 200 to 250 degrees C as the fission track date temperature of zircon in the relatively late period (about several hundred thousand years before). There should have been no thermal change that affects the age measurement up to now since then. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 report on the results on the international standardization R and D. Development of chemical methods to analyze/evaluate metallic coatings of surface treated steel coating sheets; 1997 nendo seika hokokusho kokusai hyojun soseigata kenkyu kaihatsu. Hyomen shori koban mekkiso no kagaku bunseki hyoka hoho no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The paper studied the international standardization of the chemical analysis method and glow discharge optical emission spectrometry. Chemical composition and coating thickness (g/m{sup 2}) of 14 kinds of specimens including alloy coatings and organic coating with zinc and aluminum as base were analyzed by the above-mentioned methods to examine the relation between the both. As the chemical analysis method, used was inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. To study the relation between the methods, it was found to be necessary to recognize morphology at the boundary between the coating and base steel using, for example, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electro-probe micro-analysis (EPMA). To measure traceability of the analysis method, with the chemical analysis method as a judgement method, it is necessary to make reference materials by coating materials, to use the calibration graph confirmed by the materials and to adopt the glow discharge optical emission spectrometry. On the basis of such way of thinking, drafts were worked out for the international standardization of the chemical analysis method and glow discharge optical emission spectrometry. 7 refs., 117 figs., 33 tabs.

Development of customer information network system. Part 3. Development of power controller (customer side equipment) for advanced customer service and remote processing of conventional customer service; Juyoka joho network no kaihatsu. 3. Juyoka taio gyomu no enkaku shori to aratana juyoka service no tame no denryoku controller no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yoshimitsu, T. [Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-06-01

To offer remote processing of the conventional customer service and advanced customer service using information network, customer side equipment, power controller, was manufactured as a trial. For inspecting the power meter by remote processing, watt-hour meter placed outside was moved into house, to integrate an indoor distribution board consisting of a breaker for contract, earth leakage breaker and branch breaker by adding functions of communication, equipment monitoring and control and functions of display and operation. When detecting fault, installed CPU (central processing unit) or DSP (digital signal processor) stops its operation and each breaker keeps its state as before the fault. Thus, there is no problem for power supply. This system has a battery to maintain and operate at least the display function in the case of outage. Advanced customer service functions could be added without a large cost. To increase understanding of customers concerning electric power saving and electric power itself, consuming electric energy and current are displayed at each branch. Outage of the whole house can be avoided by the rapid detection and removal of the earth leakage branch line. 14 refs., 14 figs., 3 tabs.

Fiscal 1998 achievement report on regional consortium research and development project. Venture business raising type regional consortium - small business creating base type (Research and development of wastewater treatment technology for high concentration substances at pickles industry); 1998 nendo konodo tsukemono kojo haisui shori gijutsu no kaihatsu kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

A technology is developed which treats pickle maker's wastewater containing highly concentrated saline contaminants by resorting to a combination of bacilli and membrane treatment. A 9m{sup 3}/day capable experimental plant is built and experiments are conducted. In the basic research, it is found that the temperature best for bacilli is 30-45 degrees C. They multiply without difficulty until the target salinity of 3% is achieved and, in a culture test, they can multiply until salinity is as high as 8%. Among submerged membrane filtration methods, hollow fiber membrane microfiltration is the most suitable, with its pressure loss increase rate low and stable at a filtration flux of 0.33m{sup 3}/m{sup 2}/day. Tests are conducted at salinity levels up to 1.5% at the experimental plant, when no adverse effect is detected. A BOD (biological oxygen demand) removal rate of not lower than 99.9% is attained under the condition where BOD=15,000-20,000mg/L. In a study of cost performance in which two methods are applied to a real size plant, it is found that the newly developed method is superior to the conventional activated sludge method because its installation area is approximately 1/3, construction cost approximately 65%, and running cost approximately 60% of what the conventional method demands. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1993 achievement report. International Clean Energy Network Using Hydrogen Conversion (WE-NET) technology (Subtask 8 - Research and development of hydrogen combustion turbine - Development of ultrahigh-temperature materials); 1993 nendo seika hokokusho. Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET). (Subtask 8. Suiso nensho tabin no kaihatsu - Cho koon zairyo no kaihatsu no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

Current technologies are surveyed and tasks to discharge are extracted relating to heat resistant alloys, intermetallic compounds, ceramic based composite materials, and carbon based composite materials, which are expected to be used for hydrogen combustion turbines. Concerning oxide dispersion strengthened alloys for cooled vanes, tasks to discharge are extracted, which relate to the designing, development, and selection of vane materials, bonding layer materials, and coating materials, and to thermal barrier coating techniques and machining techniques. Concerning porous fiber reinforced ceramic materials for ceramic shells, tasks involve the elucidation of corrosion behavior and manufacturing techniques. MoSi{sub 2}, which is a promising high-melting intermetallic compound, also presents some tasks to discharge for an increase in its high strength and high ductility in an ultrahigh-temperature steam/reducing atmosphere, and for improvement in manufacturing techniques. For the carbon/carbon composite material which is the sole material usable in the ultrahigh-temperature domain of 2,000 degrees C, an analysis and evaluation method taking its anisotropy into consideration needs to be developed, and an oxidation resistant coating has to be also developed. In addition to the designing and development of these materials, development is necessary of materials testing and evaluating techniques. (NEDO)

Report on the supplementary survey on the data processing in the FY 1997 survey of the promotion of geothermal development. Gravity filter analysis (No. B-6 Tsujino-dake area); 1997 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa data shori ni kakawaru hosoku chosa (juryoku filter kaiseki) hokokusno. No.B-6 Tsujinodake chiiki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-08-01

As a part of the FY 1997 survey of the promotion of geothermal development, the gravity filter analysis was made of the data processing in the Tsujino-dake area of Kagoshima prefecture, and the results were summarized. The geothermal fluid used in the Yamagawa geothermal power plant has the residual magma brought by activities of volcanic rocks of the Ata central shield volcano as heat source, and the fracture system and deep intrusive rocks are reservoirs. A small scale of gravity anomaly area is located, and it reflects high-density volcanic rock masses which are distributed on the earth surface or shallowly under the ground. The ridge stretching from Kiyomi-dake to the Narukawa tunnel and the ridge connecting Kuze-dake and Tsujino-dake are in the high-gravity area and reflect high-density rocks in the shallow part and deep part. There is a possibility of the existence of the fracture system in the high-density deep basement. Calderas continue close to the south of the high-gravity ridge stretching from the Kiyomi-dake to the Narukawa tunnel, and the fracture system which brings the eruption of volcanic rocks of the Ata central shield volcano and the fracture system forming caldera exist in parallel. From the aspect of the geothermal structure, a consideration was made of rock layers which possibly compose the rise of high-density basement in the deep part near the Tsujino-dake. (NEDO)

FY 2000 Immediate-effect type project for research and development for international standards supporting information technology industries. Standardization of the testing/evaluation methods for displays for information processing devices; 2000 nendo joho sangyo shien sokkogata kokusai hyojun kaihatsu jigyo seika hokokusho. Joho shori kikiyo display no shiken hyoka hoho no hyojunka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Described herein are the FY 2000 results of the tests and studies for the methods of testing and evaluating the transparent electroconductive films necessary for production and product evaluation of liquid crystal displays, for their international standardization. The studies are directed to the testing/evaluation methods for internal stresses and adhesion force, surface shapes, and microstructures, and also to surveys on the market/technology trends, and preparation of the international standard drafts, among others. These result in, e.g., development of the quantitative evaluation technologies for internal stresses by the micro-sheet glass method, and surface shapes by atomic force microscopy. The local grain size and orientation are elucidated by transmission electron microscopy, to obtain new knowledge of the microstructures. Various technologies related to adhesion testing/evaluation methods are proposed for ISO/TC206, but it is found none is applicable to transparent electroconductive films. The standard drafts are prepared for standardization of the testing/evaluation methods for internal stresses, adhesion force and surface shapes. (NEDO)

Report on achievement in researching aids for practical application of recycling technologies in fiscal 1998. Development of a technology to treat hard-to-decompose chemical substances in incineration ash; 1998 nendo recycle gijutsu nado jitsuyoka shien kenkyu seika hokokusho. Shokyakubaichu no nanbunkaisei kagaku busshitsu nado no shori gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-05-01

This paper describes development of a technology to decompose dioxins in incineration fly ash. Experiments were carried out during fiscal 1998 by using a bench-scale plant and a laboratory-scale plant of the installed supercritical water treatment equipment designed and fabricated in fiscal 1997. With the bench-scale plant, operation methods were discussed, whereas high temperature and pressure operation of 25 MPa and a temperature internal to the reactor of 350 degrees C were achieved. An alcohol combustion test and a preliminary slurry delivery test were also performed. With the laboratory-scale plant, operating methods were discussed, and combustion tests were carried out by using different organic matters as fuels for the supercritical water oxidation reactor. Investigations were executed on the effects of reactive operation parameters on organic matter decomposition rates, produced gas compositions, and reactor wall temperatures. The intensity of hydrogen bond between solvent and water has decreased to almost half of the normal temperature and pressure water in the vicinity of the critical point. However, strong interaction still remained in terms of per unit density. A portable equipment (650 degrees C and 25 MPa at the maximum, and standard treatment quantity of dry fly ash of 1 kg/h) was operated for demonstration. Operation methods and organic matter decomposition characteristics were identified in alcohol operation and slurry operation. (NEDO)

Combustion-driven oscillation in a furnace with multispud-type gas burners. 4th Report. Effects of position of secondary air guide sleeve and openness of secondary air guide vane on combustion oscillation condition; Multispud gata gas turner ni okeru nensho shindo. 4. Nijigen kuki sleeve ichi oyobi nijigen kuki vane kaido no shindo reiki ni oyobosu eikyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Akiyama, I.; Okiura, K.; Baba, A.; Orimoto, M. [Babcock-Hitachi K.K., Tokyo (Japan)

1994-07-25

Effects of the position of a secondary air guide sleeve and the openness of a secondary air guide vane on combustion oscillation conditions were studied experimentally for multispud-type gas burners. Pressure fluctuation in furnaces was analyzed with the previously reported resonance factor which was proposed as an index to represent the degree of combustion oscillation. As a result, the combustion oscillation region was largely affected by both position of a guide sleeve and openness of a guide vane. As the openness having large effect on the ratio of primary and secondary air/tertiary air and the position hardly having effect on the ratio were adjusted skillfully, the burner with no combustion oscillation region was achieved in its normal operation range. In addition, as the effect of preheating combustion air was arranged with a standard flow rate or mass flow flux of air, it was suggested the combustion oscillation region due to preheating can be described with the same manner as that due to no preheating. 5 refs., 8 figs.

Report on the achievements in fiscal 1998. Hydrogen utilizing international clean energy system technology (WE-NET). Subtask 8. Development of hydrogen combustion turbine (development of major components such as turbine blades and rotors); 1998 nendo suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET). 8. Suiso nensho turbine no kaihatsu (turbine yoku, rotor nado shuyo kosei kiki no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The present research and development is intended to establish the fundamental technologies required to develop a pilot plant, by investigating development of such major component devices as turbine blades and rotors in a hydrogen combustion turbine. In the turbine moving and stator blade cooling technology, it is intended to achieve the power plant efficiency of 60% (based on HHV) as established in the interim evaluation performed in fiscal 1996. Therefore, the necessary element tests, detailed blade design, and partial fabrication were moved forward on the three kinds of the selected blade cooling systems as the cooling systems that can deal with the steam temperature condition as high as 1,700 degrees C. Fiscal 1998 will execute the design and fabrication of test blades and testing devices for blade cooling evaluation tests to be performed at Tashiro Township in Akita Prefecture. At the same time, evaluation and selection will be made on the three kinds of the cooling blades. In the rotor cooling technology, for the purpose of analyzing the rolling-in phenomenon of steam in the main turbine flow, a method will be developed to analyze rotor disk cavity temperatures based on CFD, the basic sealing conditions based thereon will be discussed, and generalization will be made on the rotor cooling technology. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of development of technology for commercializing high-efficiency fuel cell systems. Development of technology for commercializing high-efficiency fuel cell systems (Development of technology for effective utilization of power produced by polymer electrolyte fuel cell systems); 2000 nendo kokoritsu nenryo denchi system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kotai kobunshigata nenryo denchi no shutsuryoku yuko riyo gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

This project is aimed at development of technologies for effective utilization of power produced by polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) systems and waste heat, to spread cogeneration systems incorporating PEFC systems for residential purposes. Described herein are the FY 2000 results. The program for high-efficiency peripherals for residential PFEC systems attempts use of GaN-FET as the semiconductor device of wide band gap and high breakdown voltage to realize conversion efficiency over 90% by improving inverter efficiency. Two types of the prototype heat recovery systems are developed for the PEFC, one incorporating a latent heat cooling system and the other a water cooling system, to improve heat recovery efficiency and increase heat recovery temperature. The program for technology to fit PEFC output to energy demand develops hot water supply systems provided with a hot water storage function for stable supply of hot water irrespective of the heat recovery conditions, and also with a back-up function with burners. The program also develops the PEFC system of fine load following characteristics, for which pure hydrogen is used as the fuel to allow the system to instantaneously follow fluctuating loads. The program for high-efficiency partial load operation technology studies a 1kW-class residential PEFC cogeneration system incorporating a power storage device for high-efficiency operation at partial loads, where the former operates in a high output mode while the latter absorbs fluctuating loads. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 2000 on the phase II research and development for hydrogen utilizing international clean energy system technology (WE-NET). Task 6. Development of fuel cell of pure hydrogen fueled solid polymer type; 2000 nendo suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) dai 2 ki kenkyu kaihatsu. Task 6. Junsuiso kyokyu kotai kobunshigata nenryo denchi no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

This paper describes the achievements in fiscal 2000 from the WE-NET Phase II for research and development Task-6. The objective is to verify performance and reliability, by means of field tests, of a power generation plant using fuel cells of pure hydrogen fueled solid polymer type with power transmission terminal efficiency of 45% and output of 30 kW. The fuel cells were developed by using the cathode humidification process as a humidification method suitable for operation at high utilization rates. With a three-cell stack made by using this humidification process (having an effective area of 289 cm{sup 2}), verification was made on the current density of 0.2A/cm{sup 2}, the characteristics of 0.75V or higher, and the uniform voltage distribution performance being the immediate targets. In order to mitigate the hydrogen utilization in the fuel cells, discussions were given on the serial flow system that divides the laminated cells into two blocks. Thus, operation was found possible with the utilization rate in each block reduced to about 80% by selecting an adequate division rate even if the hydrogen utilization rate is 96% in the entire stack. Stable operation has been performed in the 5-kW class power generation test using the cathode interior humidifying system. Specifications for 30-kW class power plant, system configuration, safety, and material balance were discussed. The basic design was made on the hydrogen gas humidity adjusting system. (NEDO)

Report on the results of the FY 1999 R and D of polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Development of the power system technology (Development of high voltage several 10 kW class dispersed generation system); 1999 nendo kotai kobunshigata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Hatsuden system gijutsu no kaihatsu (koden'atsugata suju kW kyu bunsan dengen system no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The paper described the results of the FY 1999 development of polymer electrolyte fuel cell and several 10 kW class dispersed generation system. The humidification of the cell body is the internal humidification method in which water is directly supplied to cell, which makes the cell life long. The cooling using latent heat of vaporization of the water supplied makes the temperature distribution inside the cell face homogeneous. In the test for long life, the system was stably operated at voltage lowering speed of 11mV/1000h. The optimization of water supply structure in the stack increases the latent heat cooling amount and makes the temperature distribution inside the cell face homogeneous. The reduction of CO concentration in reformed gas is extremely important for improvement of cell performance and long-term stabilization of cell voltage. By the two-stage structure selective oxidation device, the CO concentration at inlet, 5,000 ppm, can be reduced to below 10 ppm at outlet. In the demonstrative experiment on the several 10 kW class dispersed generation system, efforts for reduction in size of structural equipment and package were made, and a possible size of 200*150*180cm was obtained. Based on the chart of 30kW class system flow, the heat material balance was analyzed, and the power generation efficiency of 40% at a.c. sending end and overall efficiency of 80% were confirmed. (NEDO)

FY1998 report on the result of R and D projects by local consortiums for immediate effects. Building of the industrial waste management plant for controlling evolution of dioxins and high-efficiency heat recovery; 1998 nendo dioxin hassei yokushi kokoritsu netsu kaishugata sangyo haikibutsuyo shokyaku hai gas shori system no kochiku seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The R and D project has been implemented for small-size gasification melting furnace and exhaust gas treatment system to develop a small-size industrial waste incineration system capable of coping with the new standards, which simultaneously incinerates the waste and treats the resultant ashes, to control evolution of dioxins and, at the same time, recover heat at high efficiency. The studied items include controlling evolution of dioxins by removing salts of heavy metals (e.g., copper) and quenching exhaust gases in a ceramic heat-exchanger, and development of the materials for filters and high-temperature mist separators serviceable under severe conditions. For building the systems, the plant comprising a pyrolysis/gasification melting furnace, high-temperature dust collector and ceramic heat exchanger is designed, constructed and continuously operated for an extended period. As a result, it has been confirmed that the system can be operated stably, evolution of dioxins can be controlled, self-heat recovery type system can be developed, and dust can be reduced in volume. (NEDO)

Load leveling of the Tohoku Electric Power Co. Development of ice storage cold-water manufacturing unit/solid organic waste treatment equipment using midnight power for cold district; Tohoku Denryoku no fuka heijunka. Kori chikunetsu reisui seizo unit no kaihatsu, shin`ya denryoku riyo kanreichi muke kokei yuki haikibutsu shori sochi no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-10-01

An ice storage cold-water manufacturing unit that can manufacture cold water at a stable temperature near 0degC by using midnight power and a solid organic waste treatment facility were developed. The high-speed melting of ice is required to stabilize the cold-water temperature. Therefore, experimental investigation was performed. A piece of flake-shaped ice whose surface area and storage quality are balanced was used. A system that melts ice using the melting tank installed outside an icebox, and a high-speed melting system of ice based on the mixing unit installed in a melting tank were also used together. In the validation test of a prototype for smaller food factories, the following was confirmed. Manufacturing of cold water at about 1degC, amount of cooled water, stability of output water temperature for a change in water temperature, and good storage of ice in an icebox. In the prototype developed for a solid organic waste treatment facility, satisfactory performance was confirmed for following. Temperature in a fermenter when wastes were put, moisture content in a fermenter, pH value, net loss when the refuse of fish is put, and saving of an electricity rate. 6 figs., 2 tabs.

Report on fiscal 1998 investigation of geothermal development and promotion and on supplementary investigation concerning data processing (geology/decomposed zone investigation and gravitational probing). No. B-7 Kuwanosawa area; 1998 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa. Data shori ni kakawaru hosoku chosa (chishitsu henshitsutai chosa oyobi juryoku tansa) hokokusho (No.B-7 Kuwanosawa chiiki)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-09-30

A geology/alteration zone investigation and gravitational probing were carried out, with the results summarized, for the purpose of elucidating the structure of geothermal reservoir structure in the Kuwanosawa area. The investigation was implemented in the southeast part of Akita prefecture including Yuzawa city and Ogachimachi during the period between June 9 and August 31, 1999. The results were as follows. The geology of the investigation area consists of granite, as the base rock, and the covering Doroyu layer, Minasegawa layer, Sanzugawa layer and intrusive rocks in the Neo Tertiary system as well as Kabutosan layer and volcanic rocks in the Quaternary system. No wide area alteration zone existed, while vein-like alterations and hydrothermal veins along cracks were recognized, with the fluid inclusion homogenizing temperature showing 240-260 degrees C, which presumably indicates the existence of local hydrothermal activity until comparatively recently. The geothermal structure of the subject area is very likely dependent on thermal conduction from a deep thermal source existing in the Wasabizawa district. In the underground depth, it is inferred that a hydrothermal system is formed in the NW fault structure, lower part of cracks accompanying NS hydrothermal vein, and in the NNW/NE structures inferable from the gravitational probing. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1993. International clean energy system technology to utilize hydrogen - WE-NET (Sub-task 8. Development of hydrogen burning turbines - Development of main components including turbine blades and rotors); 1993 nendo seika hokokusho. Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) (Sub tusk 8: Suiso nensho tabin no kaihatsu - tabin yoku rota tou shuyou kosei kiki no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

Among the research and development items in relation with the 'development of hydrogen burning turbines' based on the WE-NET project, surveys have been performed on developing the main components including turbine blades and rotors. The current fiscal year has surveyed the latest trends in the existing gas turbine and rotor cooling technologies, and the technological problems were extracted from the viewpoint of application to the hydrogen fueled turbines. Since the hydrogen fueled turbines have the entrance temperature higher than that of power generation gas turbines, development of the blade cooling technology is important. Main cooling methods available are the film cooling and transpiration cooling, whose technological development is necessary in the advanced forms. Cooling method for the inner side of blades includes the impingement cooling and the pin fin cooling, whereas the V-letter shaped turbulence accelerating rib and the serpentine flow path structure are considered promising. Increasing the anti-heat temperature of blades may be realized by utilizing ceramics. As a technology close to putting it into practical use, application of heat shield coating is promising. (NEDO)

Report on results of development of fuel cell power generation technology 1998. Research and development on polymer electrolyte fuel cell (technological development of element, research on ion exchange membrane for practicability of high performance cell); 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Nenryo denchi hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu, kotai kobunshigata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu, yoso kenkyu kaihatsu (koseino denchi jitsuyoka no tame no ion kokan maku ni kansuru kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This paper explains the results during fiscal 1998 of ion exchange membranes in the development of polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Studies were made on three kinds of standard and two kinds of experimental membranes selected among the Flemion membranes, which are perfluorosulfonic acid membranes made by Asahi Glass Co.,Ltd., and also on the Nafion membranes by Dupon as reference. As the resistance evaluation of the environmental cycle for the membranes, a temperature cycle test was carried out, with the characteristics measured such as moisture content, membrane resistance, mechanical properties, and gas permeability, so that the effects were examined of the temperature cycle on the membranes. Evaluation was also commenced on the water permeability, an important substance-moving characteristic of ion exchange membranes. In the evaluation of the characteristics of membrane-electrode assemblies, the environmental cycle test was performed by joining electrodes to membranes, with the evaluation similarly made as for the membranes alone. On the basis of a correlation between the water permeability and the cell performance, studies were made on the effect of thickness of the membranes on the cell performances. A continuous stability/durability operation of 3,500 hours was verified using Flemion R. As for membrane reinforcement, studies were continued on the cloth and fibril reinforcements as in the previous year.(NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 survey report on rationalization project for international energy conservation, technological dissemination project for international energy conservation, and Green Helmet Project. Japan-China alternative energy seminar/waste disposal; 2000 nendo kokusai energy shiyo gorika nado taisaku jigyo, kokusai energy shohi koritsuka nado gijutsu fukyu jigyo, green helmet jigyo chosa hokokusho. Nicchu sekiyu daitai energy seminar haikibutsu shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

This paper explains the Japan-China alternative energy seminar (February 28 and March 1, 2001, at Beijing). The purpose of the seminar is to introduce systematic and three-dimensional or land/sea/air measures for waste disposal including recycling in Japan, to provide guidance of measures in improving recognition and methods for waste disposal in China, and also to contribute to the dissemination and promotion of a model project for effectively utilizing waste heat from rubbish incineration, a project being implemented in Harbin City now. The activities of NEDO were introduced, with emphasis placed on a model program, called Green Aid Project, for managing heat from waste incineration. On the subjects of sustainable development, urban environment, and energy, the policy of China's tenth five-year plan was demonstrated, and the treatment of wastes in China was also explained. The present state of waste processing in Japan was introduced, as was its maintenance of the facilities. Concerning Japan's waste processing technologies and characteristics of the equipment, there were presented non-incineration processing including crushing/separating, RDF, compost, methane fermentation, etc.; incineration plants; and each of the technologies such as combustion, exhaust gas, ash treatment, use of remaining heat, and gasification melting. (NEDO)

Introduction of the information system research and development department at Kansai Electric Power Company. Company uses the latest information processing technology to respond to customers' needs to structure an information system; Kanden joho system no kenkyu kaihatsu bumon no shokai. Saishin no joho shori gijutsu ni yori, okyakusama no joho system ka no needs ni okotaeshimasu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ashida, Y. [Kansai Electric Power Co. Inc., Osaka (Japan)

1998-12-10

This paper introduces the research and development on the information processing technology at the Kansai Electric Power Company. In the research of a system development technology utilizing the object orientation, works are being made on the Java language drawing attention as an intranet development environment and the common object request broker architecture (CORBA). In the research of a technology to operate and control a large-scale network, basing on the current status of the KIND net of the Kansai Electric Power Company, discussions are being given on expanding and improving the functions of system tools made by Hitachi, Ltd. with an intention of achieving unified operation and control of the networks including not only the CSS system, but the host system. In the investigations and researches on different kinds of tools intended for data warehouse structuring, products are investigated and methods are discussed, such as the data extracting and editing tools to structure databases, and the on-line analysis processing (OLAP) tool to retrieve and analyze a great quantity of data. Researches are being made on application of the visual private office (VPO) service on the Internet, and on applicability evaluation for the individual certification technology. Investigations are being made on applicability of the enterprise resource planning (ERP) package. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 achievement report on the venture business assisting type regional consortium - Minor business creation base type. Development of practical application of integrated solid waste recycling technique using highly developed equipment for waste water; 2000 nendo chiiki consortium kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo seika hokokusho. Kokinoka kaishu mizushori system wo mochiita saishigen shori gijutsu no jitsuyoka ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The project aims to dry and pulverize into PDS (pulverized dry sludge) the waste (concrete sludge) discharged from ready-mixed concrete plants, and to develop its practical application. The fine sand component contained in the waste water after washing is removed to the maximum extent, and high-quality sludge-based PDS suitable for reuse is recovered. The process comprises an aggregate recovery stage, fine sand removing stage, coagulation/sedimentation stage, dewatering stage, crushing stage, drying stage, and a collection stage. High-quality PDS contains 30-40 mass% of CaO and 10-20 mass% of SiO{sub 2}, and its particles have an average diameter of 3-20{mu}m and an average specific surface area of 5,000-30,000cm{sup 2}/g. A particle is roundish with its angles rounded off. As for the fine sand component, not less than 90% thereof is removed by a wet cyclone method, and the water is collected and supplied for PDS manufacture. The development is already complete of powder and liquid coagulants, of which not less than 96% is inorganic, as coagulants exclusively for use for concrete. The quality of the manufactured PDS fulfills the target values, and it is concluded that PDS is recyclable like blast furnace slag or fly ash. (NEDO)

FY 1996 report on the cooperative research on the development of environmentally friendly high efficiency mineral resource extraction/treatment technology. Basic design of pilot plant and a part of the detailed design; 1996 nendo kankyo chowagata kokoritsu kobutsu shigen chushutsu shori gijutsu no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku. Pilot plant no kihon sekkei oyobi ichibu shosai sekkei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

This project is a cooperative research on the development of environmental harmony type high efficiency mineral resource extraction/treatment technology. It aims to study/develop a system to recover valuable metals from unused resources in the Republic of Kazakhstan using the environmental harmony type technology which is easy to operate/maintain and is environmentally friendly with no mine pollution caused. In the project, which started in FY 1994, a pilot plant is finally constructed in Kazakhstan, a recovery system to be applied is demonstrated, and the comprehensive assessment of the system is made. Concretely, the recovery of Cu, Au, Ag, etc. is tried from the Nikolayevska low grade ore and Zhezkent tailings. This is a system into which the following techniques are integrated: treatment before dressing such as flotation, leaching of Cu, etc. by acid including bacteria, solvent leaching, electrowinning, cyanogen leaching activated carbon treatment and wastewater treatment of Au and Ag. As to the design/fabrication of pilot plant, conducted was the conceptual design in FY 1995, and the basic design, a part of the detailed design (crushing/grinding/leaching/dewatering facilities of the process of the acid (bacteria) leaching of Cu, etc.), and the fabrication in FY 1996. (NEDO).

FY 2000 report on the results of the development of transportation use and residential/commercial use high efficiency energy system technology. R and D of polymer electrolyte cells (Research on ion exchange membranes for commercialization of highly durable cells); 2000 nendo unyu minsei you kokoritsu energy system gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kotai kobunshigata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu (Kotaikyusei denchi jitsuyoka no tame no ion kokanmaku ni kansuru kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

As to ion exchange membranes for fuel cells, the R and D were made with the aim of clarifying the characteristics of the membrane required to realize highly durable modules and of demonstrating durability of membrane, and the FY 2000 results were reported. Concerning the low ion exchange capacity thin membrane, the following were confirmed: in perfluorosulfonic acid with ion exchange capacity of 0.84-1.0, the lower the ion exchange capacity is, the greater characteristics of mechanical strength are improved; the optimization of membrane thickness makes the design which satisfies cell characteristics and mechanical strength characteristics possible. In the durability test by medium-/long-term continued operation using each of small unit cell and large unit cell, the results of the stable operation of 5,000 hours using S1102 and S1201Q membranes were obtained. About effects of methanol, changes were observed in creep characteristics and piercing strength in the test on the environmental cycle at -40 degrees C to 80 degrees C. The membrane of low ion exchange capacity kept high elastic modulus even after the treatment at 120 degrees C, which indicated its usability for the higher temperature operation. (NEDO)

Report of the results of the fiscal 1997 regional consortium R and D project. Regional consortium energy field / Development of the plasma use surface treatment process by in-situ control (first fiscal year); 1997 nendo chiiki consortium kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Chiiki consortium energy bun`ya / in-situ seigyo ni yoru plasma riyo hyohi shori process no kaihatsu (daiichi nendo) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The paper described the fiscal 1997 result of the development. To know of in-plasma phenomena such as carburization and nitriding, a basic plasma experimental device was fabricated for quantitative measurement of reaction activity species. For the study of reaction control between plasma and substrate, a rotary analyzer type ellipsometer was fabricated as a method to detect composition and thickness of the deposit on the substrate surface. For He gas cooling after carburization and hardening, basic specifications for He gas refining/circulating system were confirmed. For perfect non-hazardous processing of exhaust gas from plasma carburization furnace, conducted was the thermodynamic computation of the process. Priority in order of the functions to be possessed as specifications for basic design of mini plant is plasma carburization, He gas cooling, and in-situ measurement. To make the most of the plasma use surface treatment as substitutes for expensive alloy elements, sliding parts/die-cast mold raw materials were carburized to measure the hardness. The Cr carbide coating technology by plasma CVD is also under study as an application example except carburization. 47 refs., 59 figs., 31 tabs.

Report on the achievements in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1993 on development of a jet flow bed gasification electric power plant. Investigative research on a technology to treat coals used for coal gasification (investigation for coal type selection); 1993 nendo funryusho gas ka hatsuden plant kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Sekitan gas kayotan no shori gijutsu ni kansuru chosa kenkyu (tanshu sentei chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1984-03-01

This paper describes the achievements in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1993 in the investigation for coal type selection. The investigation is purposed to elucidate the status of existence and resources of coals as the raw material for coal gasification and liquefaction, the coal quality features, and the gasification and liquefaction characteristics. The results will be used as the fundamental materials for technological development. Discussions will also be given on the coal applicability to the composite gasification power generation system in which liquefied residue generated in the process are mixed with the supplied coal. Coal quality analysis and a liquefaction test under the standard condition were completed on 389 test samples composed of 136 kinds of coals produced in Canada, Australia, the U.S.A., China and Indonesia. Coal types were enumerated according to the oil yield. A gasification test was performed on the specific gravity separated coals of Chinese coals to discuss the effect of change in the ash amount on the gasification characteristics. A partial coal combustion test revealed that fuel ratio, oxygen partial pressure, and oxygen molar fraction parameters affect the combustion characteristics. The micro-gravity field is effective in discussing the combustion characteristics of particulate groups of dust coal. A coal oxidizing test was performed, wherein oxidizing characteristics and spontaneous ignition performance were estimated successfully from temperature rise of heat stored in coal. The coal type matrix data were prepared. (NEDO)

FY 1999 Report on results of development of high-efficiency energy system technologies for transportation and domestic use. R and D of polymer electrolyte fuel cells, power system technologies, and several kW class domestic power systems operating at normal pressure; 1999 nendo un'yu minseiyo kokoritsu energy system gijutsu kaihatsu, kotai kobunshigata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu, hatsuden system gijutsu kaihatsu, joatsu sadogata su kW kyu kateiyo dengen system no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Described herein are the FY 1999 results of the research and development project aimed at development of fuel cell systems for power source systems suitable for domestic use. The programs for development of fuel cell body include improvement of the anode forming method for increasing its CO tolerance, enhancing cell performance at 0.5mg-metal/cm{sup 2} as the catalyst quantity to a level almost comparable to that obtainable at 0.9mg-metal/cm{sup 2}. The programs for development of the fuel supply system include studies on endurance of the elements, e.g., starting-up/shutting-down of the Ru/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} catalyst, using a microreactor, confirming that it is serviceable for at least 1,000 hours. The natural gas reformer is developed and operated, on a trial basis, achieving stable supply of steam and fuel, and thermal efficiency of 82.7%. The operation researches include development and operation of a 1kW class module, achieving the performance surpassing the FY 1999 targets (average cell voltage: 0.70V, output: 1.27kW) with a simulated reformate gas at an air utilization rate of 20% and current density of 0.3A/cm{sup 2}. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 achievement report on the venture business assisting type regional consortium - Core industry creation type. Research and development of energy conservation oriented collective detoxification system for dioxins and toxic heavy metals in fly ash and soil; 2000 nendo chiiki consortium kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo seika hokokusho. Hibai dojochu no dioxin rui yugai jukinzoku no sho energy gata ikkatsu mugaika shori system ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Efforts are made to develop a system to collectively detoxify dioxins and heavy metals in incinerator fly ash or in polluted soil using microbes and/or chemicals. In the use of chemicals, verification tests are conducted for a system to detoxify dioxins and toxic heavy metals simultaneously. In the use of microbes, an effort is made to develop a low cost energy conservation type treatment system based on what is provided by the study of microbes such as Phanerochaete chrysosporium. As for the treatment of fly ash, an effort is made to recycle it into resources usable in the development of marketable products. For the detoxification of dioxins using chemicals, they are dechlorinated in a chemical reduction reaction. For their detoxification with help of microbes, it is found in an experiment of ash fly dioxin decomposition using Phanerochaete chrysosporium that the microbe reduces dioxins in both liquid phase and solid phase systems. The result of verification tests using chemicals shows that the reference level of 3ng-TEQ/g is easily cleared in the treatment of high concentration ash fly. In the detoxification of heavy metals, data is obtained indicating that the elution level of lead in ash fly is found reduced by 70-85% after treatment. (NEDO)

FY 2001 report on the integrated evaluation of the research cooperation project. Research cooperation program on the development of environmental measurement use laser radar/research cooperation project on the mining waste water treatment technology using biology; 2001 nendo kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo sogo hyoka hokokusho. Kankyo kesokuyo reza reda no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku - Baio riyo ni yoru kohaisui shori gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2002-03-01

By research groups having been sent, the integrated evaluation was made of the projects on the research cooperation with Indonesia in the development of environmental measurement use laser radar and the research cooperation with China in the mining waste water treatment technology using biology. As to the research cooperation with Indonesia, the purpose/target proposed were almost achieved, and all were favorably carried out. Especially, after finishing the project, the design/manufacture of an on-vehicle type Mie-scattering laser radar were made using the acquired laser technology. And, it was reported that an observation study of the state of air pollution in Bandung city was made using the laser radar. It can be said that generally the research cooperation with China was smoothly proceeded with. However, the Wushan mine is small in scale of management, and therefore, there might have been some points to be reviewed in selection of the mine for research. The pilot plant installed at the Wushan mine is not now operated. If the mine has strong management force, the effective use of the pilot plant after finishing the project might have been studied. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 result reports of the researches under consignment from NEDO. Developments of fuel cell technology, polymer electrolyte fuel cell, fuel cell power generation system technology, and high-voltage type several tens kW class distributed power source system; Shin energy sangyo gijutsu sogo kaihatsu kiko itaku gyomu 1996 nendo seika hokokusho. Nenryo denchi gijutsu kaihatsu, kotai kobunshigata nenryo denchi no kenkyu kaihatsu, hatsuden system gijutsu kaihatsu, koden`atsugata suju kW kyu bunsan dengen system no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

This paper precisely reports the research result on development of fuel cell technology in fiscal 1996. On verification of cell durability, the cell test result in hydrogen including CO of 100ppm using Pt-Ru catalyst as CO resistant catalyst showed that the loss percent of cell voltage decreases with an increase in Ru content. On development of stack technology, the carbon humidification plate superior in chemical stability was developed as one of the parts for layered stacks. The separator with a water- permeable carbon plate and serpentine flow fields was fabricated for highly layered stacks, and achieved the target performance in single cell power generation test. On establishment of design basis for compact fuel processor, the bench-scale test was conducted of Ru/{gamma}-Al2O3 and Pt-Ru/{gamma}-Al2O3 catalysts as advanced CO selective oxidation catalyst for CO reducers. On demonstration test for the several tens kW class stationary power plant, the system configuration of power generation plants using natural gas as fuel was studied. 106 figs., 38 tabs.

Report on survey for possibility of applying bio-technologies to biomass in fiscal 1999. Aiming at developing a kitchen refuse and waste water treatment and energy production system that can be installed as an ancillary facility of buildings; 1999 nendo biomass eno bio technology oyo kanosei chosa hokokusho. Biru nado no futai setsubi to shite secchi kanona, chukai, haisui nado no shori narabi ni energy seisan system no kaihatsu wo mezashite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This paper describes the survey and discussion on a system to treat microorganisms generated from organic wastes and recover bio-gas energy as an ancillary facility of buildings. The roof of a building is the most suitable location in terms of open space and odor problem, and because the waste liquid after energy recovery can be flown into the city sewage system. Suitable processes for energy recovery are the primary fermentation, followed further by second stage fermentation purposed of reducing BOD. Since rapid enhancement of the efficiency cannot be expected from the present methane fermentation technologies, it is worth discussing to convert the first step from methane fermentation to hydrogen fermentation, for which technological development is indispensable. Permission by the national or local government would be an important condition. Organic wastes treatment systems with different scales may be considered from wastes treatment in each house to treatment of wastes after collection on the whole city basis. Treating wastes with high water content, such as kitchen refuses and human waste is beneficial among organic wastes being collected and treated by local governments. It is beneficial because sorted collection for that purpose can be carried out, and existing incineration systems can be operated more efficiently. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 R and D project on global environmental industrial technology. Research result report on DNA analysis and information processing technology for photosynthesis microorganisms (Development of CO{sub 2} fixation and effective use technology by using bacteria and algae); 1998 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Kogosei biseibutsu nado DNA kaiseki joho shori gijutsu no kenkyu (saikin sorui nado riyo nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This report summarizes the fiscal 1998 research result on DNA analysis and information processing technology for photosynthesis microorganisms. On the study on DNA analysis technology by triple-strand formation method, as the comparison study result of a READ method, stable triple- strand formation method and hairpin method, a READ method showed the highest triple-strand formation efficiency for target DNA. On the study on accurate separation technology of specific genes, establishment of protocols was promoted for solid-phase probe technology, subtract technology and leveling technology. On the study on DNA microarray analysis technology by high-efficiency hybridization method, the analysis technology of genes by hybridization method using DNA chips is under investigation. In addition, the high- efficiency analysis technology of specific DNA segments by using an affinity sensor, and the high-accuracy cloning technology for DNA with altered primary structure were also studied. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1993 international research cooperation project. Feasibility study of finding out the seeds of international joint research (technology for environmental preservation using biotechnology, technology for effective use unused hydrocarbon resource, technology of solid electrolyte fuel cells for high-efficient electric vehicles); 1993 nendo kokusai kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo. Kokusai kyodo kenkyu seeds hakkutsu no tame no FS chosa (biotechnology ni yoru kankyo taisaku gijutsu, miriyo tanka suiso shigen no yuko riyo gijutsu, kokoritsu denki jidosha no kotai denkaishitsu nenryo denchi gijutsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

This project is aimed at internationally cooperating in the R and D of industrial technology and improving industrial technology of Japan. For it, the following three technologies were investigated: 1) environmental preservation technology using biotechnology, 2) technology for effective use of unused hydrocarbon resource, 3) solid electrolyte fuel cell (SOFC) technology for high-efficient electric vehicles. In 1), bio-remediation is a choice as the result of trially using technologies for remediation of the environment polluted by pollutant, but it is not a technically completed one, but one which will be improved by trial and error. By the application of gene engineering, the use of gene recombination enables wide spread of decomposition genes. In 2), technical subjects were studied such as superheavy distillate, oil shale, coalhead methane and methane hydrate. In 3), designed were cylinder type and planar type SOFC of 850degC operation and 10kW output. Accumulation and weight of a total SOFC system are 81 liters and 100 kg in cylinder type and 136 liters and 200 kg in planar type. The vehicle can be equipped with the SOFC. 171 refs., 72 figs., 54 tabs.

FY 2001 report on the survey of the formation promotion subsidy project on the environmentally friendly type energy community. Potential survey of the introduction of a processing/power generation system using ASR in the South region of Tochigi Prefecture; 2001 nendo kankyo chowa gata energy komyuniti keisei sokushin hojo jigyo. Tochigi ken nanbu chiiki ni okeru ASR (Shuredda dust) wo nenryo to shita shori hatsuden system no donyu kanosei chosa chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2002-03-01

For the consistent processing of waste automobile in Tochigi Prefecture and the neighboring area, survey/study were made of the thermal recycle using shredder dust, ASR (automobile shredder residue), as fuel as well as the material recycle. As to the amount of material recycle of waste automobile, the amount of potential recycle of iron, copper, plastic, etc. was estimated, and it was found out that the potential recycle of parts such as engine was 40-45%, that of iron scrap 35-40%, and that of ASR 20-25%. The amount of fuel (ASR amount) to be thrown into the gasification power generation system was set up at 150t. As the gasification power generation system, the pyrolysis gasifier and shaft kiln gasification melting furnace were selected. In the study of economical efficiency of the gasification power generation system, the following were considered: ASR processing price, plant cost, subsidy, running cost, char receiving price, power selling price, etc., but even in the case of the pyrolysis gasifier with highest valuation, both payback years and IRR did not reach the target. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 international research cooperation project. Feasibility study of finding out the seeds of international joint research (technology for effective use of saturated hydrocarbon, technology for reducing excess of aromatic hydrocarbon, high-grade treatment technology of petroleum coke); 1996 nendo kokusai kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo. Kokusai kyodo kenkyu seeds hakkutsu no tame no FS chosa (howa tanka suiso no yuko riyo gijutsu, hokozoku tanka suiso no yojo taisaku gijutsu, sekiyu cokes no kodo shori gijutsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

This project is aimed at internationally cooperating in the R and D of industrial technology and improving industrial technology of Japan. For it, the following three technologies were investigated: (1) technology for effective use of saturated hydrocarbon, (2) technology for reducing excess of aromatic hydrocarbon, (3) high-grade treatment technology of petroleum coke. In (1), surveys were conducted of technologies of effective use of natural gas and effective use of C4 saturated hydrocarbon. Surveyed were a method for producing synthesis gas from natural gas, a technology to liquefy natural gas into fuel following the synthesis gas production process, a technology to liquefy natural gas into fuel without the synthesis gas production process, and the trend of effective use of C4 saturated hydrocarbon. In (2), surveys were made of process to reduce production of aromatic hydrocarbon as much as possible, process to effectively separate aromatic hydrocarbon, and process to convert excess aromatic hydrocarbon into polymer, etc. In (3), surveys were conducted on petroleum coke and pitch in terms of production methods, the supply/demand situation, property characteristics, usability to new fields, etc. 170 refs., 114 figs., 65 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 report on the results of the international research cooperation project for a feasibility survey for finding out seeds of the international joint research. Effective use technology of saturated hydrocarbon (technology against the surplus aromatic hydrocarbon/technology of high grade treatment of petroleum coke); 1997 nendo kokusai kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo (kokusai kyodo kenkyu seeds hakkutsu no tame no FS chosa). Howa tanka suiso no yuko riyo gijutsu / hokozoku tanka suiso no yojo taisaku gijutsu / sekiyu cokes no kodo shori gijutsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

For the purpose of the effective international research cooperation, the paper surveyed in fiscal 1997 the effective use technology of saturated hydrocarbon, technology against the surplus aromatic hydrocarbon and technology of high grade treatment of petroleum coke. In the survey of the effective use technology of saturated hydrocarbon, trends of FT synthesis technology and DME synthesis technology were studied as trends of technology to produce synthetic gas, and a project was proposed for technical development of using natural gas as liquid fuel in Japan. In the survey of technology against the surplus aromatic hydrocarbon, studied were the benzene law regulation and the supply/demand trend of aromatic hydrocarbon, process to reduce production of aromatic hydrocarbon as much as possible, process to reduce aromatics of the produced petroleum products, and process to effectively use aromatic hydrocarbon as chemical raw material. In the survey of high grade treatment of petroleum coke, studied were a possibility of using HS petroleum coke in the DIOS method, iron bath gasification, and copper bath gasification technology. 108 refs., 146 figs., 103 tabs.

FY 2000 report on the results of the technology development of energy use reduction of machine tools, etc. Technology development of environmental load reduction related to water soluble lubricating oil, etc. (R and D of low energy coolant degradation prevention technology and waste liquid processing technology); 2000 nendo energy shiyo gorika kosaku kikai nado gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Suiyosei junkatsuyu ni kakawaru kankyo fuka teigen nado gijutsu kanri (tei energy coolant fuhai boshi gijutsu oyobi haieki shori gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The R and D were carried out on a system by which the long life of coolant of machine tools can be achieved and a system to process waste efficiently, economically and with less environmental loads, and the FY 2000 results were summed up. In the R and D of a system to prevent degradation of low energy coolant, measurement was made of effects of the degradation prevention system at a laboratory level, and it was found out that propagation of bacteria causing the degradation can be prevented with pH kept high. Further, it was admitted that the alkali effect on metal formability was not very much. As to the coolant processing, in the present situation, most of the coolant is taken back by industrial waste processing dealers. So, the development of the low energy waste liquid processing system is earnestly desired. In the R and D of the low energy waste liquid processing system, test on characteristics evaluation was conducted about each method of systems. Subjects to be improved/solved were extracted such as the point that volatile organic matters are included in condensed water after evaporation of waste liquid and there seems to be a possibility of needing the secondary processing. (NEDO)