Correlation between the structural relaxation and the functionality of optically functional glasses; Kokinosei glass ni okeru kozo kanwa to kinosei no sokan

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nishida, T [Kyushu University, Fukuoka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1994-12-15

A discussion was given to elucidate the correlation between the crystallization of infrared ray permeating glass and the infrared ray permeability. The elucidation used infrared ray permeation spectrum, infrared ray absorption spectrum, and the Mosbauer effect. Reduction in permeability due to heat treatment of aluminate glass was discussed from the crystallization mechanism. Ultrafine crystals of mayenite phase having a composition ratio of CaO/Al2O3 = 1.7 diffuse and grow from the glass surface into interior as a result of heat treatment. The crystal growth is triggered by severance of Al-O tetrahedron. Gallate glass has CaGa2O4 and small amount of CaFe2O4 phase deposited when it is heat-treated in the vicinity of Tg. Although the infrared ray permeability decreases in association with the crystallization, the decrease is limited to crystallization on the glass surface, hence the permeability will not fall to zero. Laser irradiation on the gallate glass causes crystallization, resulting in reduced infrared ray permeability. Semi-stable Ca3Ga4O7 phase remains, however, because the heat energy amount is not large. Tellurite glass has {alpha}-TeO2 and a small amount of telluric acid iron deposit when heat-treated. 29 refs., 10 figs.

Present situation of the development of petroleum substitution energy (the U.S.); Sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu no genjo (Beikoku)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

The paper investigates and reports the trend of the development of petroleum substitution energy in the U.S. The Clean Coal Technology Plan is one of the plans which were implemented most successfully in the past several years. The plan made a remarkable reduction in NOx and SOx emissions possible. As for natural gas, importance is placed on improvement of production/storage technology of natural gas and high-effective low-NOx-emission turbines. As to the research on nuclear reactors, importance is now placed on the light water reactor plan, and the target is the design and development of such nuclear reactors as electric power companies pay attention to. The solar cell industry is markedly developing, and the shipment grows 17% per year. However, the price is rapidly declining. The wind turbine and biomass power generation plans are also advanced, and most of the plans are aimed at the development of new fields of application. With regard to geothermal energy, slowness is seen. Concerning electric vehicles, no makers enter into the quantity production, but the research and development are actively being made. 72 refs., 26 figs., 51 tabs.

Exchange of researchers of oil substituting energies in EU countries; EU shokoku no sekiyu daitai energy kenkyusha koryu jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

In order to further promote smoother introduction of oil substituting energies and development of new energies and energy saving technologies, it was intended to exchange and acquire items of information effective to learn the current state and policy trends on research and development of new energies and energy conservation in the EU countries who are the industrialized countries like Japan and enthusiastic in developing oil substituting energies. Therefore, exchange of researchers was carried out with an objective to contribute to research and development of oil substituting energies by deepening mutual understanding on the development efforts and forming efficient cooperative relationship. The researchers who visited Japan are Dr. Robert Durand (France) and Prof. and Dr. Bruno Scrosati (Italy). Dr. Durand has a great knowledge about fuel cells and storage batteries, and Dr. Scrosati about electrolytes and lithium batteries. Both gentlemen have visited the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology and the Agency of Natural Resources and Energy of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry, NEDO, Toshiba, Sony, Sanyo Electric, Japan Storage Battery, Matsushita Battery Industry, the Industrial Technology Research Institute of Osaka, and Kansai Electric Power Company. Views and information were exchanged and a number of good results were rewarded.

Fiscal 1999 research report. Simulation analysis on petroleum substituting energy; 1999 nendo sekiyu daitai energy keiryo bunseki chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This report summarizes the fiscal 1999 research result on simulation analysis on petroleum substituting energy. The simulation model for analyzing social and energy supply and demand structures comprehensively was established by improving the China and Korea models developed in fiscal 1998 through a use of input-output tables. In simulation of the China model, the reference case showed that a primary energy demand in 2030 reaches 3.3 times as much as that in 1997 (2.9 times in CO{sub 2}), resulting in serious energy and environment problems. Reduction of primary energy and CO{sub 2} is possible by promotion of energy saving and introduction of a carbon tax. In simulation of the Korea model, the reference case showed that CO{sub 2} emission in 2030 reaches 2.2 times as much as that in 1997, showing an annual increase rate of 2.4%. The annual increase rate can be reduced by introducing a carbon tax. The simulation model for automobile energy was also established for major countries in Asia. Automobile energy consumption increases with diffusion of automobiles until 2030 gradually. In particular, the consumption in China reaches that in Japan in 2010. (NEDO)

Present developmental conditions of petroleum substituting energies in the U.S.A; Sekiyu daitai energy no kaihatsu no genjo (Beikoku)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The present developmental conditions of petroleum substituting energies in the U.S.A. were surveyed. The budget related to energy saving and petroleum substituting energies in the U.S.A. is on the increase. DOE`s expenditure on petroleum substituting energies increased from $6.8 billion in 1993 to $8.1 billion in 1995 (from 29.6% to 34.6% of DOE`s expenditure), showing the positive approach to development of petroleum substituting energies. Approaches to environmental protection are also in promotion such as positive use of electrical vehicles by U.S. government and emission regulation of specific pollutants by EPA. The state of California withdrew the regulation which prescribes that 2% of passenger cars sold in the state should be zero emission vehicles after 1998, because development of the battery with both sufficient mileage and output is impossible by 1998 in the present stage. The prospect of practical use of new batteries such as lithium battery is still far from certain for some years. Development of petroleum substituting energies in the U.S.A. is still insufficient. 17 refs., 1 fig., 4 tabs.

FY 1998 survey report. Petroleum substituting energy metering analysis survey; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Sekiyu daitai energy keiryo bunseki chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

In this survey, metering models in the Asian/Pacific region where energy demand is rapidly increasing were constructed which are used for the comprehensive analysis of the relations between changes in social structure such as economic growth, change in industrial structure, and progress in energy conservation technology and new energy technology, and the energy supply/demand structure. The survey was carried out aiming at contributing to the international development of Japan's energy policy in future by quantitatively analyzing/evaluating influences of various energy policies/economic policies on the economy and energy supply/demand, through various kinds of simulation models. In FY 1998, information collection for modeling was made in China and Korea out of the Asian/Pacific region. At the same time, pilot models were constructed, and simulation was made for the standard case. Moreover, an analysis was conducted of the relation between economic growth and motorization in each country of the world as the basic data preparation on energy consumption in the transportation sector. (NEDO)

FY 1998 survey report. Petroleum substituting energy metering analysis survey; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Sekiyu daitai energy keiryo bunseki chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

In this survey, metering models in the Asian/Pacific region where energy demand is rapidly increasing were constructed which are used for the comprehensive analysis of the relations between changes in social structure such as economic growth, change in industrial structure, and progress in energy conservation technology and new energy technology, and the energy supply/demand structure. The survey was carried out aiming at contributing to the international development of Japan's energy policy in future by quantitatively analyzing/evaluating influences of various energy policies/economic policies on the economy and energy supply/demand, through various kinds of simulation models. In FY 1998, information collection for modeling was made in China and Korea out of the Asian/Pacific region. At the same time, pilot models were constructed, and simulation was made for the standard case. Moreover, an analysis was conducted of the relation between economic growth and motorization in each country of the world as the basic data preparation on energy consumption in the transportation sector. (NEDO)

Evaluation report on the development of high-function ultrathin film for new oil refining process; Shinsekiyu seisei process ni kakawaru kinosei chousumaku no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

This evaluation committee report covers the project entitled 'Development of high-function ultrathin film for new oil refining process' which was under way for three years from fiscal 1998 through 2000. The evaluation committee is so designed that researchers outside the organization responsible for the project performs an objective and impartial evaluation of the national project concerned as to its objective, goal, plan, operation, implementation system, rate of progress toward achievement, and the significance of the results achieved. The committee aims to disclose to the taxpayer the actualities of State-run research and development projects by making them transparent to people's eyes, which is one of the duties of the committee, and to elevate the value of the research results by impartially and duly evaluating them. In this report, the outlines of the project and of the obtained research results are introduced in Chapter 1, and then the details of the evaluation of the project are described in Chapter 2. It is stated that the organic/inorganic laminate membrane fabrication technology utilizing low temperature TiO{sub 2} film formation is evaluated high. It is also stated that the effect of the analysis and evaluation technology is expected to spread and find its use in various industrial fields. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the measuring/analytical survey of petroleum substituting energy; 2000 nendo sekiyu daitai energy keiryo bunseki chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Looking for effective policy on petroleum substituting energy, measuring models were made for analyzing relations between changes in social structure and energy supply/demand structure. Through the simulation using these models, effects of difference in energy policy on economy and energy supply/demand were studied. Countries for survey were Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, China and Korea. The measuring model is composed of the macroeconomic model and the energy supply/demand model. In the case of Korea, the interindustry-relations model was added. Using the macroeconomic model, asked were fluctuations in various economic activities/industrial structure/price/trade balance such as GDP and crude steel production by inputting overseas indices, population indices and financial indices such as the world trade, crude oil price and exchange rates. In FY 2000, for ASEAN countries, data were collected for analysis of relations between changes in economical/social structure and energy supply/demand structure. Using the pilot model constructed, the simulation was made on the standard case. (NEDO)

International symposium on environmental impacts of advanced alternative to CFC; CFC shinki daitai busshitsu no kankyo eikyo ni kansuru kokusai symposium hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-02-07

The international symposium on environmental effects of new CFC substitutes was held in Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Pref. on February 7-9, 1996, and 19 papers were made public. In Session 1 (Plenary lecture), reports were made on Global warming and climate change: a review of recent studies; Stratospheric ozone, CFCs, and CFC-substitutes: an update, etc. In Session 2, Measurements of OH rate constants for advanced refrigerants as well as HCFCs and HFCs; The reaction rate of CFC alternatives with OH radical; Experimental and estimated rate constants: reactions of hydroxyl radicals with several halocarbons, etc. In Session 3, Measurement of uptake coefficients of some acetyl halides and fluorinated ethers into water; Mass transfer at the air/water interface: removal processes of halocarbonyl compounds; Heterogeneous reactions of fluorinated ethers on allophane or titanium dioxide, etc. In Session 4, papers were reported on model calculations relating to the global warming.

Survey report on the development/utilization of petroleum substitution energy in the Pacific region; Taiheiyo chiiki sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu riyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The paper collected/analyzed data on petroleum substitution energy in the Pacific region. In fiscal 1996, in addition to collection of the existing energy data, conducted were collection of energy data made retroactive from 1971, and time-series collection of the energy related expanded data including energy related production statistics/social statistics, energy consumption amount by industry, power generation facilities, oil production facilities, and environmental data. As to petroleum substitution energy, the paper took up new energy such as hydroelectric, nuclear, geothermal, photovoltaic, and wind power generation, and commercial-base renewable energy. As a result of the analysis, the supply of petroleum substitution energy in the whole Pacific region has been stable, 6.6% during 1980-1990, 7.4% in the first half of the 1990s, largely over the primary energy supply. The supply of nuclear power was overwhelmingly large, followed by hydroelectric energy and geothermal/new energy. 15 figs., 23 tabs.

FY 1999 report on the results of the R and D of the substituting gas system and the substituting process of the etching gas used in the electronic device production process; 1999 nendo denshi device seizo process de shiyosuru etching gas no daitai gas system oyobi daitai process no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

As to the dry etching process and the wiring process where PFC gas and electric power are required most in the electronic device production process, an investigational study was conducted with the aim of PFC saving and energy saving, and the FY 1999 results were summed up. In the study, high efficiency etching process analysis equipment was developed, and three kinds of PFC gas quantitative analysis method were comparatively studied. Relating to the substitution of global environmental warming gas, it was found that C{sub x}F{sub y} type gas was effective which includes no oxygen, has a lot of carbon element numbers, and has double unsaturated bond. Further, in the study of the technology of PFC decomposition by plasma, it was indicated that PFC of 98.7% at maximum in exhaust gas could be removed on ideal conditions. In the dry etching technology by non-PFC gas of the organic insulating film, it was found out that NH{sub 3} base gas is more excellent in both shape and speed of etching than the existing O{sub 2} base one. As to the future wiring technology, new concepts of the optical wiring inside chip, etc. were proposed. (NEDO)

Research report on the trend of preventive measures against global warming by substituting CFCs; Daitai freon no chiku ondanka taisaku doko ni kansuru chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

This paper reports the research results on the present state and future trend of protective measures for the ozone layer, and the trend of preventive measures against global warming by substituting CFCs such as HFC, through international conferences, meetings and lecture meetings, and literature survey. In the 8th meeting of the parties to the Montreal Protocol, it was presented that refrigerator producers in Thailand phased out CFCs from their products earlier than the schedule in cooperation with Japan. The final draft including the approval of essential use from 1997 to 2002 was reviewed, and reported to the technology/economy assessment panel. Reduction of ozone depleting substances was guided in Thailand, Indonesia and Philippines. The latest trend of substituting technologies of HCFC was surveyed, and the control trend of F-containing greenhouse effect gas emission was also surveyed through the conference of the parties of climate change in fiscal 1996. Based on the IPCC report in 1995, the emission amount of greenhouse gases of nearly 10% in contribution such as CO2, methane and fluorocarbon was arranged. R and D on destruction of CFCs was also surveyed. 35 refs., 54 figs., 32 tabs.

Report on current status of petroleum substituting energy development in the EU in FY 1997; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu no genjo (EU))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The EU is one of the most advanced places of petroleum substituting energy development. The EU is highly aware of environmental issues. For the COP3 held at Kyoto in December 1997, The EU gave more severe regulation of CO2 emission than the other advanced countries. The EU takes efforts in the development and introduction of energy effective for global environmental protection. In addition, research and development of geothermal, biomass and wave force energy are actively promoted in this place. Energy situations in this place are significant for predicting and analyzing the future trends of energy development and consumption in the other countries. Firstly, this report looks back toward energy demand held in check to a head at the beginning of the 1990`s. Secondly, supply of energy and cover of energy trend are described for recent years from the point of view. Thirdly, competitiveness of energy in EU countries are discussed from a position of energy density. Fourthly, circumstances about environmental issues are considered. Fifthly, the world market of energy is also considered. Finally, development of new energy and a trend of introduction with a sample of Sweden are introduced. 13 refs., 15 figs., 28 tabs.

Report on current status of petroleum substituting energy development in the USA in FY 1997; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu no genjo (Beikoku))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

In the last twenty-five years, the level of social recognition for the importance of energy conservation grew progressively from a total nonexistence of concern to the driving force that ensures the future environmental health of the nation and the world. Executive Order 12003, relating to energy policy and conservation, was signed by President Jimmy Carter and dated July 20, 1977. In 1992, President Clinton issued Executive Order 12759 - federal Energy Management. Each agency will prescribe policies under which its industrial facilities in the aggregate increase energy efficiency by at least 20% in fiscal 2000 in comparison to fiscal 1985. Current Federal programs for building efficiency are estimated to result in 31.5 billion dollars in annual energy saving for consumers by 2010. Future trends attract attention. The major programs currently in force to implement these policies and directives include Rebuild America, Million Solar Roofs Initiative, Home Energy Rating Systems, and Weatherization Assistance Program. 37 refs., 1 fig., 6 tabs.

Report on current status of petroleum substituting energy development in the UK in FY 1997; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu no genjo (Eikoku))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Blair`s cabinet of the UK, as soon as it was formed, started a review of all policies of the past Conservative government, including the area of energy and environment. The Labour Party has already underlined its commitment to promoting petroleum substituting, i.e., renewable energy. The government made clear that the unique British NFFO Scheme to promote sources of renewable energy would continue and in November, 1997 published the policy guide for the fifth round of NFFO bidding. The British energy market is generally considered to be the most liberalized for free competition in Europe and even the retail market for households is going to be completely open for competition in electricity and gas supply by 1998. As to the regulation of the green house gas exhaust, the Labour Party has put forward a target to cut 20% of the exhaust level of 1990 by the year 2010. The government is now preparing measures for its implementation. At present, the EU is debating the draft of the landfill directive. In the UK, the construction of waste incineration and power generating plants with modern technology is now being promoted. 27 tabs.

FY 1998 annual report on the exploration and production of functional peptide from unutilized protein resources; 1998 nendo miriyo tanpakushitsugen kara no kinosei pepuchido no tansaku to seisan ni kansuru kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This project is aimed at promotion of effective utilization of unutilized resources by transforming histidine-containing peptide (anserine), enzymatically hydrolyzed muscle protein present in lean salmon swimming off the Sanriku District in the spawning season, into functional peptide. A reactor system, comprising an enzyme-immobilized column and rotary bioreactor, is investigated to efficiently produce peptide by enzymatically hydrolyzing the water-insoluble muscle protein. Anserine is isolated by ethanol extraction, ion-exchanging and partition chromatography. The TPTZ and ABTS methods are developed for speeding up measurement of the antioxidant activity. The salmon muscle protein is hydrolyzed by 3 types of enzymes, to measure the free radical erasing activity by the ABTS method. The enzymatically hydrolyzed protein is fractionated by gel permeation chromatography. The fractions having a molecular weight of 10,000 or less show strong antioxidant activity. The hydrolyzed protein shows improved activity by the iron rhodanide method when it has histidine at the center of tripeptide, and strong radical erasing function when it has thyrosine or tryptophan at the carboxyl terminal. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 survey report. Survey report on development and utilization of alternative energies for oil in Pacific region; 2000 nendo Taiheiyo chiiki sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu riyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

A survey was conducted, with environmental matters taken into consideration, for building an information gathering infrastructure for the countries in the Pacific region, capable of promptly and accurately collecting and offering energy related information. Conducted in this fiscal year were regular data gathering, review of oil supply and demand and alternative energy supply and demand in the Pacific region, on-site survey of alternative energy development and utilization in Vietnam, quarterly analyses of trend of energy demand, and the like. The supply of primary energy in the Pacific region increased by 2.3% per year in the period 1980 through 1998. The rate of increase was the lowest with oil, and the highest with hydroelectricity, atomic power, and recoverable energies such as geothermal energy. The Vietnamese Government is promoting its efforts to develop power sources by use of recoverable energies for farm village electrification. Efforts are being earnestly exerted to develop its rich natural gas resources and it is expected that there will be a remarkable achievement in the use of alternative energies due to an increase in natural gas consumption. In the field of data collection, various data were registered with the database. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1994 report on the survey of making models for introducing petroleum substituting energy systems; 1994 nendo chosa hokokusho (sekiyu daitai energy system donyu model sakusei ni kansuru chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

In the promotion of measures taken for energy conservation, it is necessary to give local governments, entrepreneurs, etc. appropriate and concrete guidance for introducing energy systems which meet with features of the areas and buildings and courses for how to construct infrastructures of towns or cities in case of development and redevelopment. Recently, also in local governments, etc., there are seen attitudes toward positive study of introduction of energy conservation systems and petroleum substituting energy systems in case of redevelopment, and the situation is that the spread and expansion are expected by giving appropriate guidance for the introduction. Accordingly, the study makes analyses of the trend and characteristics of developmental projects and makes/arranges models of promising petroleum substituting energy systems, aiming at contributing to promotion of guidance for the introduction to local governments, entrepreneurs, etc. Approximately 20 models of petroleum substituting energy systems were made which are thought to be promising. For each, the following were arranged: outline of system, introduction target, introduction effects, the point of promotion of the introduction, related subsidy systems, actual results, etc. 22 figs., 34 tabs.

Fiscal 1999 survey report. Survey of development and utilization of energy substitutes for oil in the Pacific region; 1999 nendo Taiheiyo chiiki sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu riyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The Pacific region is a densely populated region where economy is developing at a high pace with China and other newly industrialized economies at the core. When energy balance in the region is studied, it is found that China and some others have already turned pure importers of energy and that probabilities are high that, along with development of economy and improvement on living standards, all the nations in the region will become pure importers. Accordingly, in the presence of urgent problems of global pollution and oil resources depletion, it is important to make sure that data particularly about the development of substitute energies for oil in this region be collected and duly dealt with for accurately predicting future developments. In this survey, a database is to be built to grasp the trends of energy supply and demand with attention focused on substitutes for oil which are available at hand. In this fiscal year, data for 1997 were added to the database for analysis into demand and supply of substitutes for oil in the Pacific region, and energy data were gathered for this purpose. Detailed tables of balance were compiled, broken down by energy source. Other detailed tables of balance were also prepared, these broken down by ultimate consumption department. (NEDO)

A Review of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Diffusion Tensor Imaging Findings in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Science.gov (United States)

Shenton, ME; Hamoda, HM; Schneiderman, JS; Bouix, S; Pasternak, O; Rathi, Y; M-A, Vu; Purohit, MP; Helmer, K; Koerte, I; Lin, AP; C-F, Westin; Kikinis, R; Kubicki, M; Stern, RA; Zafonte, R

2013-01-01

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), also referred to as concussion, remains a controversial diagnosis because the brain often appears quite normal on conventional computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Such conventional tools, however, do not adequately depict brain injury in mTBI because they are not sensitive to detecting diffuse axonal injuries (DAI), also described as traumatic axonal injuries (TAI), the major brain injuries in mTBI. Furthermore, for the 15 to 30% of those diagnosed with mTBI on the basis of cognitive and clinical symptoms, i.e., the “miserable minority,” the cognitive and physical symptoms do not resolve following the first three months post-injury. Instead, they persist, and in some cases lead to long-term disability. The explanation given for these chronic symptoms, i.e., postconcussive syndrome, particularly in cases where there is no discernible radiological evidence for brain injury, has led some to posit a psychogenic origin. Such attributions are made all the easier since both post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression are frequently co-morbid with mTBI. The challenge is thus to use neuroimaging tools that are sensitive to DAI/TAI, such as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), in order to detect brain injuries in mTBI. Of note here, recent advances in neuroimaging techniques, such as DTI, make it possible to characterize better extant brain abnormalities in mTBI. These advances may lead to the development of biomarkers of injury, as well as to staging of reorganization and reversal of white matter changes following injury, and to the ability to track and to characterize changes in brain injury over time. Such tools will likely be used in future research to evaluate treatment efficacy, given their enhanced sensitivity to alterations in the brain. In this article we review the incidence of mTBI and the importance of characterizing this patient population using objective radiological measures. Evidence

FY 1998 achievement report on the R and D project on industrial science technology. Development of a functional biomolecule analysis/synthesis system; 1998 nendo kinosei seitai bunshi kaiseki gosei system no kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of developing the technology required for the biotechnology industry, a study was made on proteins having ligand recognition function, and the FY 1998 results were reported. In the technology development of a system for various/diversified syntheses of functional molecules, a system was designed/trially manufactured which enables the simultaneous synthesis of various biological/functional substances (compound library) at high-efficiency. In the development of the structure analysis system of ligand recognized proteins, a high-efficient biopolymer analysis system was developed which is based on TOF (time-of-flight) mass spectrometer and analyzes proteins produced by recombined genes quickly and precisely. In the R and D of functional molecules using ligand recognized proteins, the cloning was successfully made of the human estrogen receptor gene hER {alpha}, which is composed of 1,785 bp, from MCF-7-BOS. Further, the bioassay system for estrogen-like substances using MCF-7 cells was established. (NEDO)

Research report of fiscal 1997. Joint research project on petroleum substituting energy between Japan and the EU; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Nichi EU sekiyu daitai energy kanren kyodo kenkyu jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Four researchers were invited from EU countries to promote R & D of petroleum substituting energy in Japan, and the joint research was made in institutes of Agency of Industrial Science and Technology related to each theme for 50 days. On the research on deep geothermal prospecting based on volcanic halocarbon group, it was showed that halocarbon discharged from volcanic or hydrothermal system is an important window to survey activities within the earth. On the research on catalyst for hydrogenation of coal-derived liquid, XPS data was reported, and some preliminary conclusions were obtained. On the research on oxide system anode material for Li secondary cells, a method for improving the state of host to ion moving in 1-D to 3-D networks by diffraction method was showed. In particular, the method was effective to offer electronically sensitive environment to moving ion system. On the research on hydro-dechlorination of hydrocarbon halide, the theme related to environmental measures against waste hydrocarbon halide (depletion of the ozone layer) was studied. 83 refs., 32 figs., 20 tabs.

Report on a survey in fiscal 1998 for petroleum substituting energy development and utilization in the Pacific Ocean region; 1998 nendo Taiheiyo chiiki sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu riyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

A survey was carried out to make available the information base that can collect, put into order and provide quickly and accurately the energy related information based on global environment problems in the Pacific Ocean region. Fiscal 1998 has performed a substituting energy demand and supply analysis in the Pacific Ocean region by adding the 1996 data, in addition to collection of the normal energy data. For the purpose of analyzing the petroleum substituting energy demand and supply in the Pacific Ocean region, data were collected from 17 countries for fiscal 1997 and the quarterly data for 1998. Retroactive data collection was also continued. The growth rate of primary energy supply in the Pacific Ocean region is 1.8% in average in the 1980's, and 3.8% in the 1990's. In contrast, the growth rate of petroleum substituting energies is 6.4% in the 80's and 6.2% in the former half of the 90's, being far higher than the growth rate of the primary energy supply. The share of the petroleum substituting energies accounting for in the primary energy supply has increased from 6.7% in 1980 to 12.1% in 1996. As the breakdown, nuclear power accounts for overwhelmingly large, followed by geothermal energy and new energies. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 survey report on the trend of global warming protection measures of substituting freons; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (daitai freon no chikyu ondanka taisaku doko ni kansuru chosa hokokusho)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The trend survey was conducted of global warming protection measures by participation in international conferences, scientific society meetings and lecture meetings, and by literature surveys. We participated in the international conference on ozonosphere protection measures. In the 9th meeting of the nations which concluded the Montreal Protocol, the strengthening of restrictions on methyl bromide was decided on. In the UNEP solvent technology selection conference and the OORG conference of the World Bank, reports were made on substituting solvents in Japan, activities supporting developing countries, and the developmental trend of urethane use foaming agent. In the international conference on ozonosphere protection measures, introduced were the present status of Japan`s ODA for developing countries and examples of success of the substitution in the solvent field. The paper included nine reports on CFC destruction technology related literature made public in the past one year. The paper also introduced a comparative study of de-HCFC substituting technology at U.S. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. EPA`s prediction of emission of fluorine 3 gas, the predicted value of HFC emission and trial calculation of contributing rate in all greenhouse gases by IIR, Green Peace and Elf Atochem, and NOAA`s measured data on SF6 in the atmosphere. 49 refs., 46 figs., 26 tabs.

Fiscal 1995 report on the survey of making models for introducing petroleum substituting energy systems. 2; 1995 nendo chosa hokokusho (sekiyu daitai energy system donyu model sakusei ni kansuru chosa). 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

In the promotion of measures taken for energy conservation, it is necessary to give local governments, entrepreneurs, etc. guidance for introducing energy systems which meet with features of the buildings and courses for how to construct infrastructures of towns or cities in case of development, redevelopment, etc. In fiscal 1995, each of the petroleum substituting energy systems was studied more detailedly, and the trend of building facilities for the introduction was studied and arranged. Energy systems by the following were set up paying attention to energy sources, energy conversion and energy transportation as factors composing a petroleum substituting energy system: photovoltaic power generation, use of solar energy, use of wind energy, use of geothermal energy, use of biomass energy, use of waste, use of temperature difference energy, cogeneration, load levelling, wide-area energy supply, etc. Also studied and arranged were energy demand, location, the recent trend, the point of introduction of energy systems, examples of introduction, etc. in relation to indoor sport facilities, hospitals, hotels, multiple dwelling apartments, commercial facilities, offices, plants, etc. 52 figs., 55 tabs.

Research report of fiscal 1997. Invitation project of specialists on petroleum substituting energy between Japan and the EU; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Nichi EU sekiyu daitai energy kanren senmonka shohei jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Specialists were invited from EU countries for information exchange to promote R and D of petroleum substituting energy in Japan. In the seminar on the present and future trend of R and D of fuel cells in EU countries, the present R and D state of fuel cells in Italy, the present state and future R and D plan of fuel cells in ANSALDO group, the state of SOFC R and D in Germany and by international cooperation, and R and D of polymer electrolyte fuel cell in Fraunhofer institute for Solar Energy Systems were reported contributing to mutual understanding between Japan and the EU. Exchange of opinions and information was also made between 4 fuel cell specialists of EU countries and Japanese specialists. The report on such an exchange includes the outline of Japanese fuel cell technologies, and the present R and D states of phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), and polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC). The specialists visited some government organizations, semi-government organizations, institutes and private enterprises related to promotion, support and verification of R and D of fuel cells. 2 tabs.

Life cycle assessment for next generating vehicles. Feasibility study of alternative fuel vehicles and electric vehicles; Jisedai jidosha no life cycle assessment. Daitai nenryo jidosha oyobi denki jidosha no feasibility study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hanyu, T; Iida, N [Keio University, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-10-01

To show environmental assessment of introduction of substitute fuel vehicles is important information to formulate the future vehicles policy. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is put forward to simulate such potential, allows us to state the reduction environmental impacts of substitute vehicles on their total life cycle. The purpose of this study is assessment and analysis of the life cycle CO2 emission for substitute fuel vehicles, such as, alternative fuel vehicles, electric vehicles, and hybrid electric vehicles. 8 refs., 9 figs., 3 tabs.

Public subscription project for international joint research proposals in fiscal 2000 - public subscription of international proposal (Substitution No.2). Report on achievements in developing technologies to produce oil-alternative energies from fibrous material based biomass and industrial wastes; 2000 nendo kokusai kyodo kenkyu teian kobo jigyo - kokusai teian kobo (daitai No.2). Sen'ishitsukei biomass oyobi sangyo haikibutsu kara no sekiyu daitai energy seisan gijutsu no kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Development has been advanced on technologies to manufacture methanol efficiently by combining a technology to convert selectively fibrous material based biomass into sugar under high concentration sulfuric acid condition with the immobilized enzyme flash fermentation process, both being developed in the United States. Activities have been taken in the following three fields: 1) establishment of an optimal biomass treatment condition by using concentrated sulfuric acid, 2) chromatographic separation of sugar and sulfuric acid, and 3) discussions on conditions to apply the immobilized enzyme flash fermentation process. In Item 1), discussions were given, using rice straw and waste woods as the object, on effects of biomass particle size, sulfuric acid to biomass feeding ratio, sulfuric acid concentration, reaction temperature and time on the cellulose to hemicellulose reaction ratio and the sugar conversion factor, whereas it was revealed that the governing factors are the biomass/sulfuric acid contact area and the reaction temperature. In Item 2), a chromatographic device filled with anion ion exchange resin was used to set the sugar recovery rate of 100% and the sulfuric acid recovery rate of 93%. (NEDO)

Spray characteristics of dimethyl ether (D.M.E.) as on alternative fuel for diesel engine; Daitai diesel nenryo to shite no dimethyl ether (D.M.E.) no funmu tokusei ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wakai, K; Nishida, K; Yoshizaki, T; Hiroyasu, H [Hiroshima University, Hiroshima (Japan)

1997-10-01

D.M.E. which was paid attention to as on alternative fuel for a diesel engine, was injected by using Bosch type injection pump and a hole nozzle into a high pressure and high temperature vessel. The spray was observed by using schlieren photography. Spray characteristics, such as, the tip penetration, the cone angle and the volume of the spray were and were compared with a diesel fuel spray. The following thing, and so on were found out as a results. The spray angle of the DME spray of atmosphere pressure Pa=0.1Mpa spreads out large in comparison with the diesel fuel spray, and the way of the change by the pressure is contrary to the case of the diesel fuel spray. 3 refs., 6 figs., 1 tab.

Report on surveys in fiscal 1998 on the project to invite petroleum substituting energy related experts in Japan and EU; Nichi EU sekiyu daitai energy kanren senmonka shohei jigyo 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

In relation with coping with global environmental problems in recent years, needs are increasing more than ever for enhancing fossil energy utilization rates, developing and expanding utilization of petroleum substituting energies that can substitute fossil energies. Since Japan is particularly a large energy consuming country, and cannot escape from depending on import for the majority of its energy resources, it is an urgent issue to enhance the energy utilization efficiency and further promote development and utilization of new energies. To do this, it is indispensable to exchange such item of information as identification of actual status in other countries of handling the petroleum substituting energies. Taking up geothermal energy, fiscal 1998 invited four experts from EU countries. Visits were made for about two weeks on Japanese research institutes and business enterprises related to geothermal energy, and opinions and information were exchanged. A seminar was held on the final day, where the EU experts have made presentations on the current status and future prospects on geothermal research and development in EU. Greatly valuable suggestions were given for the Japan's future geothermal research and development. (NEDO)

FY 2000 Report on the results of survey on recent situations of global warming mitigation measures related to alternative fluorochlorohydrocarbons; 2000 nendo daitai furon no chikyu ondanka taisaku doko ni kansuru chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The recent situations of global warming mitigation measures related to flurine-containing greenhouse gases of HFC, PFC and SF{sub 6} are surveyed. In the meeting of the Parties of Montreal Protocol of 2000, no decision has been made on HCFC phaseout schedule amendment in the developed and developing countries, which is one of the major items. COP-6 has failed to reach agreement on handling CO2 absorption sources. For the international trends in estimation of the emissions of HFC and others, the IPCC's emission estimation methodology guidance for HFC, PFC and SF{sub 6} (translated into Japanese) and the methodologies taken by other countries are introduced. The trends of the emission control measures for HFC, PFC and SF{sub 6} include CO2 refrigerant application for mobile air-conditioners, announcement by Coca-Cola of HFC phaseout by 2004, announcement by the Canadian refrigerant air-conditioner industry of introduction of the surcharge system for promoting refrigerant recovery, and SF{sub 6} emission reduction technologies in Mg fabricating industries. Also introduced are cost evaluation of emission reduction technologies, latest scientific knowledge in the global environments, and harmonization of global warming mitigation and ozone layer protection in the developing countries, among others. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 survey report. Development of nucleation control technology for new functional alloy creation and development of new process; 2000 nendo kinosei shingokin sosei no tame no kaku seisei seigyo gijutsu kaihatsu oyobi shin process kaihatsu chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the above-said purposes, studies were conducted involving the construction of a database on supercooling and nucleation and on alloy species and functionality. Composition, concentration, supercooling method, container, atmosphere, maximum degree of supercooling, cooling rate, and the contents of the study to be made were investigated in the study of items for databasing. Also, in an experiment dealing with alloy species remaining to be exploited, the coagulation of drop size GaSb alloy was investigated. In the study of the formation of a quasi-stable phase in functional alloy, it was demonstrated that a nonequilibrium or quasi-stable phase might be quantitatively formed by use of a containerless process. In the study of texture control, texture fining by causing flowability was particularly investigated, and it was suggested that not only nucleation but also growth to follow should be properly controlled for the fining of coagulated texture. In the study of simulation of texture prediction, construction of a database on practical alloy nucleation frequency and stochastic simulation of coagulated texture to be built on this database were taken up. (NEDO)

Report on a survey in fiscal 1999 for trends in policies on prevention of global warming by use of substitute fluorocarbons; 1999 nendo daitai furon no chikyu ondanka taisaku doko ni kansuru chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This paper summarizes mainly on HFC, PFC and SF{sub 6} the trends in the last one year in technologies and regulations that can make compatible the ozone layer protection and the global warming prevention. Activities of the HFC/PHC task force established jointly by TEAP and IPCC are very important in deciding the future positions of HFC, PFC and SF{sub 6}. This paper reports the status of activities taken during fiscal 1999. IPCC reviewed the method of calculating the quantity of greenhouse effect gas emission. The paper introduces from its draft the gist of calculating the discharge quantity of HFC, PFC and SF{sub 6}. Introduction is given from the HFC/PFC task force report the actual status of using coolants, foaming agents and aerosols using HFC, PFC and SF{sub 6}, and the trends of developing substitution technologies. The paper introduces a fluorocarbon destruction technology as an international trend in discharge suppression measures. The paper reports movements of COP-5 in fiscal 1999 for gases other than the three gases including HFC. Chlorobromo-methane was indicated as a new substance, and n-propyl-bromide was decided to continue with measurement of ozone destruction coefficient. (NEDO)

Survey report for fiscal 1998. Joint research project with researchers related to petroleum substituting energies in the EU countries; 1998 nendo EU shokoku no sekiyu daitai energy kanren kenkyusha tono kyodo kenkyu jigyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

It was intended to invite researchers related to petroleum substituting energies from the EU countries to perform joint researches at research organizations under the auspices of the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology having deep relations with research themes of the invited researchers, to deepen the mutual understanding, and to form efficient cooperative relationship. The intention is also to contribute to research and development of petroleum substituting energies to be used in Japan in the future. The research themes, researchers, their research organizations, and the receiving research organizations are as follows: (1) evaluation of reservoir impedance in high-temperature rock experimental fields by Mr. Ralph Weidler (Germany) at Ruhr University received by the Resource and Environmental Technology Research Institute; (2) changing the particle boundary structure of ceramics by using the alkoxide process by Dr. Ramon Torrecillas (Spain) at Institute Nacional del Carbon received by the Nagoya Industrial Technology Research Institute; (3) research on corrosion in metallic materials for molten carbonate type fuel cells by Dr. Giuseppe Calogero (Italy) at Institute for Transformation and Storage of Energy received by the Osaka Industrial Technology Research Institute; and (4) estimation of behavior of deep geothermal reservoirs with high enthalpy by Dr. Enrico Maranini at Universita' Di Ferrara received by the Geology Survey Center. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 research report on application technology of molecular assemblies for a functional protein system (Development of advanced maintenance technology for power plants); 1998 nendo kinosei tanpakushitsu shugotai oyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu. Hatsuden shisetsuyo kokino mentenansu gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Basic research was made on engineering reappearance and industrial use of the complex function of molecular assemblies for a functional protein system of organisms. In research on a light controllable reaction system by physicochemical technique, construction of a light controllable bioreactor is in promotion. In research on a light controllable reaction system by biochemical technique, researches are in promotion on structure and correlation analysis of photosynthetic protein complex, stabilization of an activity, and conversion of light energy to membrane transport energy using cyanobacteria as material. In research on a molecular recognition controllable reaction system in a fine membrane region, correlation analysis of the structure and function of glutamine receptor channels is in promotion. In addition, researches were made on reconstitution of endocytic micromachinery, a multi-enzyme system for synthesis of glycosphingolipids, a complex redox system by genetic engineering technique, and application technology of molecular assemblies for a functional protein system. (NEDO)

Report on the results of the fiscal 1997 international research cooperation project. `Joint R and D industrial base technology` (development of functionally graded materials); 1997 nendo kokusai kyoryoku jigyo. `Sangyo kiban gijutsu kyodo kenkyu kaihatsu` keisha kinosei zairyo no kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

For the purpose of developing functionally graded materials (FGM/LB) of thermal stress relaxation heat resistant large bulk state which are adoptable to high efficiency engine members, conducted in fiscal 1997 as intermediate target were the experiment for enlargement of the sintering process of FGM/LB with bore of up to 100mm, evaluation of physical properties, the basic development of the fabricating system facility for the commercialization. In the development of heat resistance use FGM/LB fabrication technology, to obtain ZrO2(3Y) stainless steel system FGM/LB, the following were fabricated in each bore size of 50-100mm by the research use large discharge plasma sintering machine: sintered bodies of ceramics/metal single substrate materials and mixed layer single substance materials, and FGM/LB sintered bodies without separation and crack which are composed of 9 intermediate graded layers. The survey was also made on the optimal composition and optimal sintering conditions toward the enlargement without unevenness. In the evaluation of physical properties, ZrO2(3Y)/stainless steel system was selected and test pieces were fabricated to obtain basic data on texture observation, distribution of hardness, fracture toughness, high temperature abrasion resistance, thermal expansion rates, etc. 27 refs., 108 figs., 43 tabs.

Joint Research. Report on the results of developing commercialization of a technology of process wastes and re-utilize them by using petroleum substituting energy; Kyodo kenkyu. Sekiyu daitai energy riyo haikibutsu shori saishigenka gijutsu jitsuyoka kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

A study was conducted on a technology to melt shredder dust and non-combustible wastes directly by using coal, reduce their volume and re-utilize them. The elementary study on a high-temperature melting and treating technology set such targets as optimizing the melting and treating technology in correspondence with properties of materials to be treated, by using a small melting test plant, achieving a volume reduction rate of 1/200, and reducing treatment cost. In order to make innoxious the different kinds of environmental loading materials contained in exhaust gas from a high-temperature gasification and direct melting system, discussions were given on an optimum control condition for the exhaust gas system facilities. Furthermore, physical properties of discharges (slags nd metals) were investigated to discuss material re-utilization. In discussing optimal systems, three kinds of systems including two types utilizing fuels were proposed as high-temperature gasification and melting treatment process from a viewpoint of technology and cost. Respective systems were compared with each other on treatment cost, and their priorities were identified. 56 refs., 50 figs., 55 tabs.

FY 2000 report on the investigational study on 'the development of micro laboratory for acceleration/manpower saving of the development of functional materials'; 2000 nendo seika hokokusho. Kinosei zairyo kaihatsu kasokuka shoryokuka no tameno maikuro raboratori ni kaihatsu no kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

An investigational study of micro laboratory was conducted in terms of its future needs, technical elements to be needed, image of a viable system, etc. As the needs for micro laboratory, the following were cited: In the creation of functional materials, there are a lot of synthetic parameters, and therefore, improvement in experimental efficiency is needed; For the synthesis under the high temperature atmosphere such as synthesis of ceramics, manpower saving/improvement of efficiency are needed in raising/lowering temperatures of furnace; In the creation of new materials, improvement of controllability is needed in such extreme situations as high temperature, high pressure, environment of hazardous materials and explosive reaction. The above-mentioned needs can be satisfied by making the experimental system smaller. The technical elements applicable to micro laboratory are technology pertaining to combinatorial chemistry and technology pertaining to nano/micro technology. As to the system image, the manufacturing process and system structure were studied for which characteristics of nano/micro technology and combinatorial chemistry were made use of. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 report on the results of the international standardization R and D. R and D of the basic evaluation method of functional composite particles; 1997 nendo seika hokokusho kokusai hyojun soseigata kenkyu kaihatsu. Kinosei fukugo biryushi no kibanteki hyoka hoho no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The paper established the basic evaluation method of composite particles manifesting functions which the existing mono-componet particles do not have and aimed at the international standardization of the measuring method of them. To be concrete, the development was studied of methods to evaluate the mechanical bonding state of different composition in composite particles, the chemical bonding state of different composition and the electromagnetic state of the surface of composite particles. As a result, in the evaluation method of the mechanical bonding state of different composition in composite particles, methods to evaluate the bonding state and the large composite bonding state of the coated particle layer were developed to clarify the details to be standardized for each method. In the evaluation method of the chemical bonding state of different composition in composite particles, the electronic energy loss spectroscopy was an effective method to evaluate the chemical bonding state in composite particles of oxide ceramics. Further, in the evaluation method of the electromagnetic field of the surface of composite particles, standard experimental procedures for observing the electromagnetic field by interference of electronic waves were proposed, and the evaluation of the electromagnetic field state of composite particles used ranging from low temperature to high temperature was made possible. 41 refs., 85 figs., 14 tabs.

Development of two-stage compression heat pump for hot water supply in commercial use. Research of compatibility with alternative refrigerant, HFC-134a; Gyomuyo nidan asshukushiki kyuto heat pump no kaihatsu. Daitai reibai HFC-134a no tekiyosei kensho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hashimoto, K.; Hasegawa, H.; Saikawa, M.; Iwatsubo, T.; Mimaki, T. [Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-03-01

Performance of two-stage compression and cascade heating heat pump cycle was evaluated in the case using alternative refrigerant, HFC-134a, instead of CFC-12 through calculations and experiments. Heat source and heat load temperature conditions of CFC-12, HFC-134a, and HCFC-22 were calculated. As a result, this cycle provided equivalent coefficient of performance to use of CFC-12 and HCFC-22. Especially for HFC-134a, discharge gas temperature from compressor was much lower than that of the others, which prevented the heat decomposition of refrigerant. It was found that HFC-134a was suitable refrigerant for high temperature output equipment like this cycle. To grasp the possibility of hot water supply at 65 {degree}C and behavior of lubricating oil which can not be obtained only from calculations, applicability of HFC-134a was investigated. Experiments were conducted using a small test apparatus with electric input of 2 kW. As a result, satisfactory performance was obtained for each evaluation item. Applicability of HFC-134a to the two-stage compression cycle was confirmed. 9 refs., 21 figs., 16 tabs.

Comparison of the toxicity of wastewater disinfected with the alternatives to chlorination by bioassay using seaweed (Porphyra yezoensis conchospores); Kaiso (susabinori gai hoshi) wo mochiita seibutsu kentei ni yoru toshi gesui no enso daitai shodoku shorisui no dokusei hikaku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takami, T.; Maruyama, T.; Suzuki, Y. [Miyazaki University, Miyazaki (Japan). Faculty of Engineering; Kaiga, N. [Toshiba Corp., Tokyo (Japan); Miura, A. [Aomori University, Aomori (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1998-11-10

The technique now in use for disinfecting municipal sewerage is the free chlorine method, and the free chlorine reacts with ammonia in the treated water for the formation of NH4Cl. The resultant compound is strongly toxic and harms aquatic organisms, this creating a knotty problem to solve. In this report, a bioassay utilizing Porphyra yezoensis conchospores is performed, and the toxicity reducing effect is discussed of the seaweed on water specimens disinfected by free chlorine, chlorine dioxide, ozone, and ultraviolet rays. Porphyra yezoensis is easy to acquire, and the bioassay evaluates the toxicity of the water specimens by evaluating the survival rate of conchospores discharged by free-living conchoceles and the rate of inhibited sprouting. The outcome is summarized below. The injection dose required for inactivating 99.9% of the groups of coli bacteria in the treated water and the trend of fluctuations in the concentration level are obtained. No inhibition of conchospore sprouting occurs even with the addition of 100% of treated water in the chlorine-disinfected specimen or chlorine dioxide-disinfected specimen. 19 refs., 8 figs., 2 tabs.

FY 1997 report on the study on lamination control technology for functional multi-element oxide thin films by complex beam epitaxy (CxBE) process; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (sakutaisen epitaxy (CxBE) ho ni yoru kinosei tagenso sankabutsu usumaku no sekiso seigyo gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Complex beam epitaxy (CxBE) process was proposed and demonstrated as new deposition process of multi-element oxide thin films. This process radiates excimer laser onto a metal complex target of ethylenediamine-tetraacetate complex under reduced pressure oxygen atmosphere condition in a reaction vessel to supply raw material onto a heated substrate. This process allowed deposition of YBCO123 phase hetero-epitaxial film onto a single-crystalline SrTiO3 substrate. This process was proved to be promising through study on crystal orientation, composition transcription and surface smoothness of the obtained oxide thin films. In addition, epitaxial ZnO film was also deposited onto a single crystalline Al2O3 substrate by this process. The relation between the obtained film and substrate epitaxy was examined, and photoluminescence of specimens was measured by triple wave of Nd:YAG laser. As a result, it was clarified that the epitaxial ZnO film prepared by this process is useful as laser material. 60 refs., 48 figs., 5 tabs.

Study of the ablation of extra-low temperature aggregate target and the development of technology of formation of non-equilibrium high-quality functional thin films by the plume control; Gokuteion gyoshutai target no abureshon oyobi purumu seigyo ni yoru hiheiko kohinshitsu kinosei usumaku seisei gijutsu kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

A study was made on factors of the formation of high-quality thin films in the pulse laser deposition (PLD) method, a synthesis method of high-grade functional material thin films. In the experiment, plume current measurements using Cu target were conducted for the control of electric and magnetic fields. Especially, the measuring evaluation was made of the two-dimensional distribution including not only the central part of the substrate placed opposite to the target, but the periphery of the substrate. As a result, the following was found out. The distribution of charged particles in the plume is different in positive charge and negative charge, and the negative charge is dispersed/distributed more widely. Accelerating/decelerating effects of charged particles by the electric field are saturated when the bias voltage absolute value is approximately 100V. Ionization is promoted by giving the magnetic field, and the plume distribution is expanded. Positive charged particles of the plume in the magnetic field are decelerated. In the distribution control by giving the electric field, it is effective to think improvement of the distribution not by attracting charged particles by the electric field, but by shutting out charged particles of the same polarity. 29 refs., 75 figs., 2 tabs.

Project to aid development of an oil substituting fuel manufacturing technology in fiscal 1998. Report on the result of developing a technology to make cable covering materials into fuel; 1998 nendo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu kaihatsu hojo jigyo. Densen hifukuzai nenryoka gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Research and development have been carried out with an objective to re-utilize waste cable covering materials as oil substituting energy. The research has been performed on behavior of chlorine and lead being substances that impede making the cable covering materials into fuel, development of a technology to remove chlorine, lead and copper, and pelletizing properties for fuel making. In the study of behavior of chlorine and lead, the following matters were made clear: dechlorination reaction completes within 30 minutes if pyrolysis temperature is higher than 300 degrees C; the more the amount of filler CaCO3 in test samples, the less the dechlorination amount; and secular deterioration does not affect the dechlorination amount. A technology has been developed successfully to remove the substances that hinder making the cover materials into fuel, achieving the target values of copper at 0.2% or less, lead at 0.3% or less, and chlorine at 5% or less. In developing the pelletizing technology that puts the cover materials into raw materials for blast furnaces, dechlorination rate of 90% was achieved by mixing coke/PVC at a ratio of 1/1 and dechlorinating it by using a rotary kiln. It was verified that the product is free of problems in particle size as the blast furnace raw material. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1998. Research and development on a new manufacturing method for functional thin films suitable for recycling, and their application to colored glasses (the second year); 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Recycle ni tekishita kinosei usumaku no shinki seizoho to chakushoku glass eno oyo ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu (dai 2 nendo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

A new thin film manufacturing method is established to add a function to glass material surface, as a new material technology which harmonizes with global environment, and is suitable for resource re-utilization and energy conservation. It is intended to develop a leading technology to promote recycling of colored glasses by applying this technical method to colored glasses. Fiscal 1998 has implemented subsequently to fiscal 1997 the following subjects in the three research items composed of a new manufacturing method of functional thin films, application of the functional thin films to colored glasses, and the comprehensive investigative studies: establishment of an industrial manufacturing method for color coating liquid and evaluation of basic characteristics of the colored functional thin films, optimization of element technology for photo-sensitive gel films by means of chemically modifying metallic alkoxide, tests of forming films on glass bottles and plate glasses by using a coating machine installed in fiscal 1997, design and prototype fabrication of a new demonstration coating machine, and analysis on thermal decomposition of the colored thin films. Optimization was performed on the element technology for manufacturing sol-gel functional thin films, and a survey was carried out on recycling systems of colored glasses adopted in Europe. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 research report on the demand forecast of rare element minerals, recycling technology of rare elements from waste, and substitute rare element minerals; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Kisho genso koseki no juyo yosoku, kisho genso no haikibutsu kara no kaishu gijutsu oyobi daitai kisho genso koseki nado ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Rare element mineral is indispensable material for functionalization of high-tech raw materials. Its deposit is poor, an increase in its future demand is expected, and its information disclosure is insufficient because of strategic important material. To solve these problems, the following were studied systematically, and urgent research themes on rare element minerals were clarified: (1) High-efficiency recycling technology of rare elements, (2) Waste treatment system after recycling of rare elements from the viewpoint of environmental measures, (3) Establishment of the database of rare element minerals, and development of new substitute rare element minerals, and (4) Design method of substitute materials possible to generate various existing functions without any rare elements. Among them, in particular, precise separation of 46 kinds of rare elements from waste of high-tech raw materials, and recycling of rare elements from zinc refining waste and pyrite ore deposit containing copper were pointed out as important themes. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 project of inviting proposals for international joint research - invitation for international proposal (Substitution No.1). Achievement report on development of biogasification process for low coalification degree coal; 2000 nendo kokusai kyodo kenkyu teian kobo jigyo - kokusai teian kobo (daitai No.1). Teisekitankadotan no biogas ka process kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

In this biogasification process, coal is subjected to pretreatment and then experiences methane fermentation. The aim is to reduce the amount of CO{sub 2} per unit thermal equivalent to be generated by low coalification degree coal. The electrolytic oxidation technology for coal pretreatment is developed jointly with ESC (Electrosynthesis Company, Inc.), U.S. For the development and improvement of electrolytic oxidation technology, the experimenting electrolytic tank of ESC and a small-scale electrolytic oxidation unit developed by the same are used. Using the developed electrolytic oxidation technology, coal is made meltable at a rate of 2.93%/min, which means that 80% or more of the coal turns meltable in 30 minutes. The technology has its own problem, however, that the power consumption rate is high. The report comprises nine chapters, including (1) the goal and background of research and development, (2) enhancement of research and development, (3) electrolytic oxidation of low coalification degree coal, (4) methane fermentation, (5) prospect of practical application, (6) reference materials and list of literature, and (7) reports on research tours overseas. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1997 on the development of technologies for utilizing biological resources such as complex biosystems. Development of technologies for producing substitute fuel for petroleum by utilizing organisms; 1997 nendo fukugo seibutsukei nado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Technologies of producing useful substances using the substance decomposing/producing functions of complex biosystems and methods of their handling are developed. In the utilization of microbes in the digestive tracts of termites and longicorns, it is made clear that several kinds of termites cleave the {beta}-O-4 ether linkage. In relation to technologies for wood decomposing complex microbial system construction and complex vector system development, a screening system is constructed in which strains that exhibit complex actions are combined. Concerning the advanced utilization of tropical oil plants, conditions are determined for inducing callus out of oil palm tissues. Out of oil palm sarcocarp tissues, mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) is isolated for the construction of a cDNA (complementary deoxyribonucleic acid) library. For the purpose of isolating a powerful promoter, a partial base sequence is determined for ubiquitin that frequently expresses itself in cells. A pathogenic bacterium ailing the oil palm is sampled for identification, and it is inferred that the bacterium is a kind of Ganoderma boninense. (NEDO)

FY 1998 report on the results of the development of the utilization technology of biological resources such as bioconsortia. Development of the petroleum substituting fuel production technology using biology; 1998 nendo fukugo seibutsukei nado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For the purpose of establishing the analysis technology and industrial utilization technology required for the establishment of the utilization technology of consortia's high functions which are already used in the fermentation technology field over the limit of the conventional bio-technology using functions of single biological species, study was made. As a part of the study, the establishment was aimed at of the high-grade utilization technology of seaweed/algae using the degradation/conversion functions of the consortium base and the useful substance production technology by interaction of the consortium base of organism and flora/fauna. Studies for the establishment of the technology were made in the following two fields: technology to use unused resources such as lignocellulose and technology to produce petroleum substituting useful resources. As to the technology to use unused resources, the establishment was proceeded with of the technology to degrade/convert the seaweed-origin acidic polysaccharide into the useful substance using the consortium system. In FY 1998, in search of the excellent microorganism consortia which can degrade/solubilize carageenan, samples were picked up from the underwater of the Republic of Palau and incubated in the flat culture medium. Thirty-eight kinds of the degraded bacterium group were acquired. Using the degraded bacterium group, {kappa}-carrageenan was degraded and analyzed of the products. (NEDO)

FY 1998 report on the results of the development of the utilization technology of biological resources such as bioconsortia. Development of the petroleum substituting fuel production technology using biology; 1998 nendo fukugo seibutsukei nado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For the purpose of establishing the analysis technology and industrial utilization technology required for the establishment of the utilization technology of consortia's high functions which are already used in the fermentation technology field over the limit of the conventional bio-technology using functions of single biological species, study was made. As a part of the study, the establishment was aimed at of the high-grade utilization technology of seaweed/algae using the degradation/conversion functions of the consortium base and the useful substance production technology by interaction of the consortium base of organism and flora/fauna. Studies for the establishment of the technology were made in the following two fields: technology to use unused resources such as lignocellulose and technology to produce petroleum substituting useful resources. As to the technology to use unused resources, the establishment was proceeded with of the technology to degrade/convert the seaweed-origin acidic polysaccharide into the useful substance using the consortium system. In FY 1998, in search of the excellent microorganism consortia which can degrade/solubilize carageenan, samples were picked up from the underwater of the Republic of Palau and incubated in the flat culture medium. Thirty-eight kinds of the degraded bacterium group were acquired. Using the degraded bacterium group, {kappa}-carrageenan was degraded and analyzed of the products. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in fiscal 1998. Venture business growing type consortium - small business creating infrastructure (Development of ultra-high efficiency cultivation system for Hyphomycetes, and application of the system to plant device to manufacture fermentative foods); 1998 nendo itojokin no chokoritsu tairyo baiyo system no kaihatsu to kinosei hakko sho0kuhin seizo plant kiki eno tekiyo seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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2000-03-01

This project has noticed the membrane surface liquid culture method, and researched and developed the following themes with an objective to commercialize the membrane surface liquid culture system and develop novel fermentative foods using this system. Cultivation of Beni-koji bacteria (solid culture of M. pilosus k) is taken up in the model cultivation system. (1) establishment of the membrane surface liquid culture system and development of devices, (2) elucidation of cultivation characteristics of the membrane surface liquid culture system and optimization of the cultivating conditions, and (3) development of fermentative foods. In Item (1), such problems were solved as automation of bacteria planting, long-term pasteurized cultivation, and assurance of clean cultivation broth. In Item (2), it was discovered most suitable that maltose concentration is about 5%, glutamic acid concentration is about 50 mM, the initial culture medium pH is about six, and the cultivation temperature is 30 degree C. In item (3), as a result of mixing this red coloring matter containing cultivation broth into preparation of Miso (bean paste) and soy sauce, products having high {gamma}-Aminobutyric acid and monacholin k content were developed. In addition, while Beni-koji made by solid cultivation had peculiar taste and odor, this drawback was eliminated by using this coloring matter containing cultivation broth. This has made differentiation from conventional products possible. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 achievement report on the venture business assisting type regional consortium - Minor business creation base type. Development of environmentally friendly chromium-free plating technology and research on its practical application; 1999 nendo chiiki consortium kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo seika hokokusho. Kankyo ni yasashii kuromu daitai mekki gijutsu kaihatsu to sono jitsuyoka kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

In this research, the seeds provided by Technology Research Institute of Osaka Prefecture and Nomura Plating Co., Ltd., relative to their plating processes using ion exchange membranes and metal anodes are utilized. Efforts are made to prolong the bathing life of the Ni-W alloy plating solution, to put the plating bath in an enclosure, to develop a chromium-free plating technology wherewith bating life is longer, environmental impact is smaller, and resistance to corrosion is higher, and experiments and tests are conducted for industrialization and for the practical application of the developed technologies. At Technology Research Institute of Osaka Prefecture, electrolytic Ni-W alloy plating was taken up. An insoluble anode separated from the plating solution by a cation exchange membrane and plural metal anodes were brought into a new process and, into the same, novel technologies were further introduced, which were a metal ion supply method in which the distribution of current to 3 anodes was regulated and the employment of a sacrificial anode decomposition agent. The new process was investigated for its validity and difficulties. Furthermore, Ni-W-P alloy plating was studied and a mirror-like Ni-W-P alloy plate was developed in a phosphorous acid added bath without detriment to the non-waste solution plating process, and the plate exhibited high corrosion resistance in a CASS (copper-accelerated acetic acid salt spray) test. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 achievement report on regional consortium research and development project. Regional consortium on energy research in its 3rd year (Research and development of novel method for manufacturing recycling-compatible functional thin film and its application to coloring of glass); 1999 nendo recycle ni tekishita kinosei usumaku no shinki seizoho to chakushoku glass eno oyo ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsi seika hokokusho. 3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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2000-03-01

A thin film is developed which adds new functions to the surface of glass materials. The method is applied to the coloring of glass for the enhancement of recyclability (for example, by coating colorless glass bottles with colorful thin film) and to the functionalization of glass. Studies are conducted about the assessment of coloring-capable thin film basic characteristics, manufacture of liquids for application, and the manufacture of photosensitive gel thin film using chemically modified metal alkoxides. It is found that use of functional pigments reduces the transmissivity of ultraviolet and infrared rays. A method for manufacturing coloring liquids for application to glass bottles and a method of improving film durability using a 3,2-functional silane are established. Ultrafine gold/cuprous oxide powder, azobenzen based pigments, etc., are deposited on porous glass for the formation of a photoresponsive film. Conditions for color application to round glass bottles are optimized by use of an air spray device. Film exfoliation during colored glass bottle transportation is lessoned to a practically acceptable level by modifying the carton pack configuration. A large roll-type applicator is operated to successfully form a homogenous coating on a 1.8m times 1m glass plate. Double glazing capable of light modulation is also manufactured. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 survey report on rationalization project for international energy conservation, technological dissemination project for international energy conservation, and Green Helmet Project. Japan-China alternative energy seminar/waste disposal; 2000 nendo kokusai energy shiyo gorika nado taisaku jigyo, kokusai energy shohi koritsuka nado gijutsu fukyu jigyo, green helmet jigyo chosa hokokusho. Nicchu sekiyu daitai energy seminar haikibutsu shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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2001-03-01

This paper explains the Japan-China alternative energy seminar (February 28 and March 1, 2001, at Beijing). The purpose of the seminar is to introduce systematic and three-dimensional or land/sea/air measures for waste disposal including recycling in Japan, to provide guidance of measures in improving recognition and methods for waste disposal in China, and also to contribute to the dissemination and promotion of a model project for effectively utilizing waste heat from rubbish incineration, a project being implemented in Harbin City now. The activities of NEDO were introduced, with emphasis placed on a model program, called Green Aid Project, for managing heat from waste incineration. On the subjects of sustainable development, urban environment, and energy, the policy of China's tenth five-year plan was demonstrated, and the treatment of wastes in China was also explained. The present state of waste processing in Japan was introduced, as was its maintenance of the facilities. Concerning Japan's waste processing technologies and characteristics of the equipment, there were presented non-incineration processing including crushing/separating, RDF, compost, methane fermentation, etc.; incineration plants; and each of the technologies such as combustion, exhaust gas, ash treatment, use of remaining heat, and gasification melting. (NEDO)

FY 1997 report on the results of the industrial technology R and D project. Development of technology to use biological resources such as the complex biological system (Development of biological use petroleum substitution fuel production technology); 1997 nendo fukugo seibutsukei nado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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1998-03-01

Experimental researches were conducted and the FY 1997 results were reported with the aim of establishing analytical technology for the complex biological system by which the complex biological system can be analyzed in such a state as it is using the molecular biological method. In the study of the molecular genetic analytical technology, PCR primers used for amplification of topoisomerase II genes of the whole eukaryote was designed. As to the histochemical analytical technology, a study was made on the new constitution microorganism detection method by the hybridization method and the antibody specific dyeing method, and the following were conducted: manifestation in quantity of colibacillus and the recovery, refining, and construction of peptide library by fuzzy display method. Concerning the functional analytical technology, technological researches were made such as the environmental adaptation mechanism of high thermophile and the information transfer mechanism among bacteria through cell membranes for elucidation of the special environment detection/response mechanism and the special environment adaptation/resistance mechanism. As to the separation/culture technology, various anaerobic microorganisms were separated from marine sponge for the development of a method of culturing in 3D matrices. (NEDO)

FY 1998 industrial technology R and D project. Report on the results of the development of utilization technology of biological resource such bioconsortia system (Development of production technology of biological use petroleum substituting fuels); 1998 nendo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Fukugo seibutsukeinado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu (seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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1996-03-01

Technology development was conducted for production of useful substances using the bioconsortia system. In FY 1998, the development of element technology was studied. As to the utilization technology of gut symbiotic microorganisms such as termite and longhorn beetle, clone types of gut microorganism complex system were analyzed to find out the diversification. In the decay of wood, co-culture of two species of mold fungus was increased in efficiency than single culture. More than 90% was classified/identified of the mold fungi accumulated (in wood piece)/separated for the utilization of plant symbiotic microorganisms. For the production of petroleum substituting useful resource, conditions were established of callus induction from immature embryos of tropical oil crops, especially oil palm, and of regeneration of a lot of small plants from the callus. To establish the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system of oil palm, the binary vector harboring the reporter gene and selectable marker gene was constructed. Using the vector, oil palm tissues are inoculated and infected with agrobacteria. To heighten the function of palm oil, 10 particular clones were selected from the complementary DNA library obtained from oil palm fruit tissues. The genetic study of germs was also made. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 2000 on project to develop technology related to new recycled products. Research and development of cover soil replacement process utilizing waste magazine papers for final disposal facility and soil flow-out prevention process; 2000 nendo zasshi koshi wo riyoshita saishu shobunjo muke fukudo daitai koho oyobi dojo ryushutsu boshi koho no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (kokaiyo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Research and development has been made on a cover soil replacement process utilizing waste papers for final disposal facility and a soil flow-out prevention process. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 2000. In evaluating waste paper fibers and waste paper binder films, the safety level was assumed sufficiently high if the fibers are used for the cover soil replacement process for final disposal facility. However, films may have a possibility of destruction if force is applied by such as heavy machines running on the films, hence it must be avoided. According to the on-site scattering test using unattended mixed slurry spraying machine capable of being remotely controlled, the coverage was found good, and scattering of incineration residues can be prevented completely. With regard to monitoring of hydrogen sulfide gas, a system having a hydrogen sulfide sensor and GPS mounted on a slurry spraying machine capable of remote control operation was completed, and its usefulness was verified. By using a wastes disposal facility simulating device, investigations were performed on effects on seepage water and wastes when the cover soil replacing material utilizing waste papers is used, and on changes in the properties of the cover soil replacing material. (NEDO)

Report on achievement in the preceding research related to global industry technologies for the global industry technology research and development project. Research on gas systems substituting global warming gases such as PFC used in manufacturing semiconductors; 1998 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu ni kakawaru sendo kenkyu. Handotai seizo nado ni shiyosuru PFC nado no chikyu ondanka gas no daitai gas system no kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The present semiconductor manufacturing process uses a great amount of PFC having large global warming coefficients and extremely long atmospheric life. A research was made particularly on reduction of its emission from etching processes. After introducing how the semiconductor industry has been working conventionally on protection of the global environment, this paper makes clear the purpose and positioning of this preceding research, as well as how it is moved forward. The paper also reports the results of analyzing and discussing the exhaust gases from etching devices using several kinds of substitute PFC gases. Survey results are reported on the possibilities of new substitute gases, plasma decomposition and treatment of exhaust gases, reaction process simulation, and in-situ analyzing and evaluating technologies. Investigations were made on the possibility of using no PFC in wiring processes which consume greater amount of PFC, as well as on wiring techniques using inter-layer insulation film with low dielectric rate, a new wiring structure forming technology, new functional elements, circuits and systems in a wide range. Proposals were given on specific research and development themes and plans that begin in fiscal 1999. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 R and D project on industrial science and technology under a consignment from NEDO. R and D of the application technology of functional protein complex (R and D of the high-functional maintenance technology for power plants); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Kinosei tanpakushitsu shugotai oyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (hatsuden shisetsuyo kokino maintenance gijutsu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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1998-03-01

In order to develop advanced maintenance technology for power generation facilities, application technology of functional protein complexes is under investigation. On a light controllable enzymatic reaction system, construction of a light controllable bio-reactor by physico-chemical and bio- chemical techniques, and structure and functions of a photosynthetic protein complex using thermophilic cyanobacteria as material are under investigation. On a molecular mechanism for recognition and reaction of receptor proteins, structure analysis and engineering application of glutamate receptor channels of a synaptic transmission system, and basic study and material proteins for artificial structures using endocytic micromachinery, and a multi-enzyme system for synthesis of glycosphingolipids are under investigation. On a complex oxidation/reduction system by genetic engineering technique, construction of a high- efficiency stable system with functionally arranged oxidoreductase and electron transmission systems in biomembranes is in promotion. Research work was also made on molecular assemblies for a functional protein system. 166 refs., 91 figs., 9 tabs.

FY 1999 report on the results of the project on the industrial science technology R and D. Development of utilization technology of biological resources such as bioconsortium system (Development of the petroleum substituting fuel production technology using living organisms); 1999 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Fukugou seibutsukei tou seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu (Seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of establishing the high-grade utilization technology of unused seaweed/algae and production technology of useful substances using high-grade functions of bioconsortia, study was conducted, and the FY 1999 results were reported. In the analysis of the ocean environment adaptation mechanism, the R and D were made of a selection method of the marine microbial consortia using korormicin. In the study of the high-grade utilization technology of unused resources/substances such as marine-producing algae, several tens of the carrageenase producing microbial consortia were acquired from the surface of seaweed, and some carrageenase producing bacteria and non-producing bacteria were acquired by isolating as pure strains. In the study of the petroleum substituting useful resource production technology, developed was a monitoring system of the environmental stress using marine-product invertebrate/micro-algae symbiotic system. In the study of the high-grade utilization of large useful algae, elucidation of the related genes, fabrication of variants and analysis of genes were carried out for the bacterium BUP-7 which indicates activity of growth acceleration/shape formation of seaweed. (NEDO)

Public subscription project for international joint research proposals in fiscal 2000 - public subscription of international proposal (substitution No.3). Report on achievements in research related to industrial utilization and social systematization of gas hydrate technologies; 2000 nendo kokusai kyodo kenkyu teian kobo jigyo - kokusai teian kobo (daitai No.3). Gas hydrate gijutsu no sangyo riyo shakai system ka ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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2001-03-01

Activities have been advanced to establish necessary basic technologies by making clear the possibilities and problems in applying gas hydrate technologies to industrial fields. Activities have been taken in the following three fields: 1) industrial utilization and social systematization of gas hydrate technologies, 2) conceptual design of gas hydrate utilization technologies, and 3) researches on basic technologies to utilize the gas hydrate technologies in industries. In Item 1), discussions were given on significance of social systematization of the gas hydrate technologies, conditions for social systematization of the gas hydrate technologies, the current status of natural gas development and industrial utilization of the gas hydrate technologies. In Item 2), discussions were given on utilization of gas containability (application to natural gas transportation and storage processes), utilization of cold heat storage performance (utilization to suction air cooling of gas turbine generators), and utilization of gas selectivity (application to gas separation processes and acidic gas (CO2, SOx) separation). (NEDO)

Public subscription project for international joint research proposals in fiscal 2000 - public subscription of international proposal (substitution No.3). Report on achievements in research related to industrial utilization and social systematization of gas hydrate technologies - Separate volume; 2000 nendo kokusai kyodo kenkyu teian kobo jigyo - kokusai teian kobo (daitai No.3). Gas hydrate gijutsu no sangyo riyo shakai system ka ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (bessatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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2001-03-01

Investigations were performed on important properties when utilization of gas hydrates to industries is discussed, such as production and decomposition speeds and storage stability. Activities have been taken in the following two fields: 1) experimental studies on production and decomposition of gas hydrates, and 2) summarized view on research related to gas hydrate self-retention effect. In Item 1), a production device of stirring system using rotating blades with gas circulation holes (self-suction type) was fabricated to have discussed the production and decomposition speeds. It was made clear that the production speed is governed by the over-cooling degree under the appropriate gas circulation and appropriate stirring conditions, and that the decomposition speed becomes abnormally high unless the self-retention status is maintained. In Item 2), following the introduction, seven researches were introduced, including the first observation of abnormal reaction of gas hydrate under the decreased pressure condition, the research by Yu. P. Handa related to gas hydrate decomposition below zero degree C, and the research by E. Mayer and A. Hall Brucker related to unexpectedly stable nitrogen, oxygen, carbon monoxide and argon clathrate gas hydrate formed from amorphous solid water. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the project on the industrial science technology R and D. Development of utilization technology of biological resources such as bioconsortium system (Development of the petroleum substituting fuel production technology using living organisms); 1999 nendo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Fukugou seibutsukei tou seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu (Seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of developing the technology for producing and degrading useful substances using bioconsortia, study was made of the handling technology of bioconsortia, the basic element technology, etc., and the FY 1999 results were reported. In the study of the high-grade utilization technology of lignocellulose/the components, an sample was obtained in which the effect of the bacteria culture supernatant treatment was recognized in the biobleaching by co-treatment of the bacteria culture filtrate - MnP. As to the search for control factor of lignin degrading enzyme and the utilization technology, it was found out that bisphenol A was efficiently degraded by a combination of laccase and mediator production bacteria. Concerning the utilization technology of plant symbiotic bacteria, classification/identification have been finished of approximately 60% of the stored bacteria. In the study of the production technology of the petroleum substituting useful resource, a system was constructed in which immature embryos were used for callus induction and regeneration of plantlets, and plants were regenerated at high frequency via the formation of adventitious embryos. By this, the culture cell with high propagation ability was obtained. (NEDO)

Report of the results of the fiscal 1997 regional consortium R and D project. Regional consortium energy field / Study on a new production process of functional thin films suitable for recycling and its application to colored glasses (first fiscal year); 1997 nendo chiiki consortium kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Chiiki consortium energy bun`ya / recycle ni tekishita kinosei usumaku no shinki seizoho to chakushoku glass eno oyo ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu (daiichi nendo) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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1998-03-01

The paper described the fiscal 1997 result. Using organic pigment and dye, the basic composition of sol-gel colored coating liquid for glass bottles and sheets was selected to clarify characteristics of gel films. Moreover, chemical modification and optical sensitivity of metallic alkoxide were studied to obtain a trially produced colored glass bottle use coating liquid. As to sheet glass, strength of the gel film is low, which requires further improvement. In relation to optical sensitive gel films, the reaction of various metallic alkoxides and {beta}-diketones was discussed to clarify chemical reactivity with utltaviolet rays. Trial design was also conducted of the coating equipment. The paper examined by literature the present status of recycling systems of colored glass bottles and the technical development in European countries. The problem is a method to wash colored bottles for sterilization. To make colored films durable, it is necessary to form films by organic-inorganic hybrid thin films. Also discussed was a possibility of changing the washing method by administrative guidance. 27 refs., 62 figs., 42 tabs.