Sample records for kenkyu koryu kanosei
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
This survey deals with research institutions of governmental organizations, universities, and business entities for the purpose of discussing the possibility of research exchange standing on a long-term point of view to serve for solving global environment problems, and the way the exchange should be. The research exchange shall cover the areas of trends in research and development of global environment related technologies, themes for the research and development, institutions for the research and development, and exchange of researchers and information with these research organizations. In fiscal 1999, three survey missions were dispatched to cover the following three areas: (1) surveys on research possibility of catalyst development by means of combinatorial chemistry, (2) surveys on research exchange possibility for thermo-chemical solar hybrid fuel production technologies, and (3) surveys on research exchange possibility for structuring function improving technologies of the 21st century type. Each survey mission has visited research institutions of the world to survey the trends in researches related to global environment, and the possibility of exchanging researches with RITE. The visits presented the following conclusions and findings: (1) the research on the combinatorial chemistry in the U.S.A. is still in the initial stage; (2) important findings were obtained when surveys were made on methane reformation utilizing solar heat, and coal gasification technologies in Europe; and (3) surveys were made on pioneering researches on plant molecule physiology in Europe. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
In fiscal 1995, three teams were organized to study the following subjects: plant genetic and cellular engineering in relation to drought stress; simulation models of global environment for accurate assessment and prediction; the APEC Virtual Center for environmental technology exchange. The team studying plant genetic and cellular engineering in relation to drought stress visited the Department of Botany, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel, the Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, Ben-Grunion University, Israel, the Department of Biochemistry and the Office of Arid Lands Studies, Arizona University, the U.S. to survey the present and future trend of the study and feasibility of research exchanges. The team studying simulation models of global environment for accurate assessment and prediction visited Yale University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Electric Power Research Institute, and Battle Research Institute in the U.S. to survey feasibility of research exchanges. The team studying the APEC Virtual Center for environmental technology exchange visited institutes in ASEAN countries to survey needs for the Virtual Center. 312 refs., 74 figs., 17 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1994-03-01
Through visits to US universities and research institutes, investigation was made on the trend of global environment-related research and possibility of their exchanging the result of research with the RITE (Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth). To investigate the process technology to utilize microbes harmoniously with the environment, the visit was paid to Cornell University, Battelle Memorial Institute and Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, where the investigation was made on the environmental bioremediation with microbial functions and clean process production without by-producing substances to load the environment. To investigate the technical measures against the global warming, the visit was paid to Brookhaven National Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, California University, Hawaii University and Pacific International Center for High Technology Research, where the investigation was made, through discussion and exchange of research information and opinion with researchers and engineers, on the possibility of their exchanging the result of research with the RITE. Judging from the investigation of this time, the research which is mutually complementary between Japan and USA is easy to promote, because their respective advanced fields do not overlap with each other. 88 refs., 11 figs., 6 tabs.
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FY 1998 Annual report on researcher exchange project; 1998 nendo kenkyu koryu chosa
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Surveys were conducted on, e.g., problems involved in and current state of receiving foreign students and exchanging researchers, and US systems for these activities, in order to help establish the effective systems for these activities while focusing on global utilization of researchers. For problems involved in the atmospheres in Japan for receiving foreign students and researchers, the surveyed items include those problems involved in the academic atmospheres, living/employment, administrative systems, and establishment/enrichment of the systems for receiving foreign students. Opinions of foreign students studying at their expenses are also included. For problems involved in exchanging Asian researchers, the surveyed items include current state of researchers crossing the borders and obstacles to the international exchange. For the US systems receiving foreign researchers and sending American students to foreign countries, the surveyed items include current state of Americans studying in foreign countries, foreign students and teachers in advanced educational institutes, backward flow of scientists and engineers to the Asian countries, and international comparison in training scientists and engineers in advanced educational institutes. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-02-01
With the purpose of promoting research exchanges with developing countries concerning preservation of the global environment, ICETT (International Center for Environmental Technology Transfer) invited two researchers from Center of Environmental Protection and Chemical Safety, Institute of Industrial Chemistry, Ministry of Industry, Vietnam. The period was from September 19 to December 17, 2000, and the subject was a basic research on environmentally friendly wastewater treatment technology utilizing bacteria in soils. In an experimental system, five reaction layers made of vinyl chloride tubes having a diameter of 16 cm and a height of 50 cm are serially connected, with a suitable filler used for each as a tank for precipitation of heavy metals and treatment of BOD, for anaerobic denitrification, for decomposition of aerobic COD, BOD, etc., for phosphorus treatment, and for bleaching (deodorizing), and with domestic wastewater treated through contact filtration. In spite of a limited period, from the obtained experimental results, the quality of water after the treatment was Class B or higher in the Japanese environmental standards for rivers, lakes and coastal waters, showing high practicability of this system. Further, some pieces of consideration were given additionally to the application in Vietnam. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
For the promotion of research exchanges on global environmental preservation with developing countries, Ms. Malee Santikunaporn, lecturer of Faculty of Engineering, Thammasat University, Bankok, Thailand was invited. Desulfurization/denitrification facilities, which are being widely spread in developed countries, have marked effects, but high prices are an obstacle to the spread in developing countries. To make them spread in developing countries, it is needed to develop the technology which is low in price and meets the actual state in developing countries. As a technology with high viability, a system to simultaneously remove SOx and NOx was cited in which Cu is used as catalyst and adsorbent and into which the catalyst regeneration process is integrated. Considering it, technical exchanges on Cu-SiO{sub 2} catalyst as the basic theme were made during September 26 - December 23, 1999. Through visits on and exchanges with Tokyo Institute of Technology, ICEET, University of Kyoto, etc., understanding was deepened about how each country is tackling environmental problems. The theme 'Oxidative sorption of SO2 by Cu-SiO{sub 2} catalyst: characteristics of catalyst' could deepen knowledge/information of the developmental research as a system for simultaneous removal of SOx/NOx. The data obtained indicated great practicality of Cu-SiO{sub 2}. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
Described herein are the results of the study on possibility of research exchanges, conducted by Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE) in FY 2000. For development of thin-film catalysts, HTE, a venture developing combinatorial chemistry application to catalysts, is a potential partner for the exchanges. One of the technical problems involved in underground sequestration of CO2 relates to evaluation of the reactions between CO2 injected under pressure and the surrounding rocks. It is a less site-specific theme, and preferably pursued through international networks. The RITE delegates have visited the British Geological Survey, Canada's Alberta Research Council, and US's Pennsylvania State University, Rice University and Chevron Petroleum, finding research exchange possibilities in all of these organizations for broad technical themes related to underground sequestration of CO2. For energy conversion technologies using biomass resources as the source materials, the potential partners for the research exchanges include Swedish Royal Institute of Technology, Belgium's Catholic University of Louvain and Spain's University of Zaragona which leads researches in production of gases from wastes and biomass. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
The above was conducted by Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE). Worldwide collaboration is mandatory for the settlement of environmental problems for the earth, and RITE is positively promoting its interaction with research institutes abroad. In fiscal 1998, it sent research teams to government organizations and research institutes in Europe and America for studies there. A study in Europe involved the preparation of chemicals from CO2 by virtue of novel biotic reactions, and RITE's microbial molecular function laboratory plans to start a leading study in fiscal 1999. In relation with environmental impact reducing technologies using sunlight-aided photocatalysts, visits were paid to three research institutes in America. RITE itself has developed a powdered semiconductor catalyst and is engaged in the study of producing hydrogen by decomposition of water using solar energy. Concerning the production of saccharides out of farm wastes remaining unused, researches were made into the feasibility of joint studies with some advanced research institutes in America. Discussions were made about the performance- and stability-related improvement of enzymes usable for the decomposition of biomass, the analysis of biological environmental circumstances that substance yielding microbes find themselves in under anaerobic conditions, etc. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Nishida, A.; Ogawa, T.; Yokota, T.; Shimada, N.; Onozuka, S.; Kono, F.; Miyagi, T. [Japan National Oil Corp., Tokyo (Japan)
1998-10-30
In this study, seismic monitoring of injected gas in a carbonate reservoir was investigated using multidisciplinary approach which consisted of geological/reservoir modeling, reservoir flow simulation, rock physics and seismic modeling. A case study was conducted over Lower Cretaceous carbonate reservoir offshore Abu Dhabi. The gas saturation and reservoir pressure data were obtained from the reservoir flow simulation. The velocity data of dry rock samples under the various conditions were also obtained from rock physics study. These outputs were converted to the velocity model using Gassmann's equation. The calculated velocity from Gassmann's equation is well correlated with velocity from laboratory measurements. Therefore we con confirm that the Gassmann's equation is applicable to estimate the velocity of the gas saturated reservoir rock. Based on the velocity model, synthetic seismic sections before and after gas injection were constructed in order to verify the influence of gas flood. As the results, amplitude difference between the two synthetic seismograms was observed at top and bottom reflectors of the reservoir zone. This amplitude variation is caused by both gas saturation change and pressure change. Although further investigation is needed to detect the cause of the variation, this study indicates the possibility of seismic reservoir monitoring. (author)
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松尾, 純; Jun, Matsuo; 桃山学院大学経済学部
2008-01-01
Professor Noriko Maehata and I have been engaged in discussions concerning the understanding of the concept of "actual overproduction of capital" as contained in Karl Marx's Das Kapital Volume III. The discussion originated in Professor Maehata's criticism("'Law of the Tendency of the Rate of Profit to Fall' and 'Absolute Overproduction of Capital' - An Issue in Research on the Theory of Crisis," Economic Society of Rikkyo University(Rikkyo Keizai Gaku Kenkyu), Vol. 55, No. 1, July 2001)of my...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Peter Hobart
2012-07-01
Full Text Available There are some significant differences in the manner that the classical Japanese martial arts are practiced in the East and in the West. Among these are the student-teacher relationship, the degree of formality and the level of emphasis on etiquette in the dojo. In this interview, noted martial arts teacher Ellis Amdur, who spent thirteen of his more than forty years of martial practice studying in Japan, explores these and other concepts, vital to anyone who wishes to understand the way these arts are (or were taught in the country of their origin. He also discusses the two particular martial systems (koryu which he is licensed to teach: Araki-ryu, a rugged system that emphasizes close combat; and Toda-ha Buko-ryu, a system specializing in the use of the naginata against a variety of weapons.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
Exchanges with researchers/research institutes in overseas countries have an important meaning in promoting the research and development toward the creation of new research fields where the solution to the environmental problem is aimed at and toward the construction of new technological systems. Therefore, under the cooperation of Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE), and RITE related researchers and societies, given were invitation and dispatch of researchers to international conferences and symposia involved in the global environment related technology, and exchanges with major overseas research institutes/universities. At the same time, based on the short-term invitation and dispatch so far given, a system was established for medium- and long-term dispatch/invitation of researchers who are thought to hold an important position in the future research activities. From the results obtained, domestic and foreign exchanges relating to the latest research could be promoted. In addition, researches in the basic domain related to the global environmental technology were advanced in a variety of fields overseas. The numbers of invitation and dispatch given in fiscal 1995 were 12 and 13, respectively, the results of which were included in this paper. 121 refs., 74 figs., 11 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
An investigation was made on the actual status of utilizing researchers from foreign countries and internationally exchanging researchers with views on technological researchers in universities and public institutes in Japan and the U.S.A. Foreign researchers at 39 research institutes in the Tsukuba area are from Asian region at 43%, and European and North American regions at 43%. Asian researchers are dominated overwhelmingly by Chinese and Korean people. Researchers from Europe and North America have a high ratio of working at institutes belonging to the Ministry of International Trade and Industry, and many of them are of short period staying type. On the other hand, many of those from African regions intend to study diplomatic and cultural exchange, and those from Middle and South American regions to study agricultural and fishery industries. About 8.4% of the scientists and engineers who obtained doctorates in America in 1995 is foreign nationals, and about 83.3% of them is of long period staying type. Foreign students in the U.S.A. account for 3.1% of students in institutions of higher education. The higher the education level, the higher the foreign student ratio, whereas the ratio reaches 33.0% in doctoral courses. Persons who obtained doctorates in the department of science and engineering are, in decreasing order, Chinese, Taiwanese, Indian and Korean. 32 figs., 47 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Feasibility was studied of a demonstrative research concerning effective operation of a hybrid system consisting of photovoltaic, wind and diesel power generations in Myanmar. Upon confirmation of Myanmar's request and assistance, Myanmar electric Power Enterprise was selected as the counterpart, with Kantangyi village determined as the candidate site from the viewpoint of the quantity of solar radiation, wind conditions, and convenience in transportation service. Meteorological observation instruments were installed at Nyaung U observatory, with the observation implemented. It was grasped that the demand spreading pattern and the demand for electric power was 40 kWh/month per household. It was also judged that the system structure should be constituted of photovoltaic power, wind power, and diesel generator/battery/adjustable load. The problems are stable supply technology, technology for effective use of renewable energy, technology for complementary effects of photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation, and demonstration of a 100 kW class wind power generation system. Particularly important is consistency between the capacity of power storage equipment and that of diesel power generation. The study results applicable to Japan is the verification of a small-sized independent system for remote islands or the like. The total research expenses were estimated to be 600 million yen. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
Study was conducted of policies on energy spread, trends of energy development, etc. in energy conservation and substitution energy fields after the economic crisis in Asian countries, and the results were summed up. In Thailand, it is expected that the effective use of solar energy can be an effective means as a substitution energy. Further, the energy conservation by demand-side management, etc. is to be urgently taken. Indonesia is abundant in energy resources and does not take energy conservation measures very much. As to petroleum substituting energy, it is expected that the diversified use of coal, natural gas, hydroelectric power, geothermal energy, etc. will be advanced. In Malaysia, a policy in which energy is dispersed to natural gas, hydroelectric power and coal is being taken for reduction of the dependence upon petroleum. In India, joint projects with developed countries are proceeded with in the fields of electric power, energy conservation and renewable energy. In China, the policy for advancing new energy utilization is being taken that the thermal power generation is optimized, hydroelectric power generation is positively adopted, and nuclear power generation is moderately used, according to characteristics in the region. (NEDO)
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Social aspects of Japanese particle physics in the 1950s
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Konuma, Michiji
1989-01-01
Military and social restrictions imposed on Japanese scientific research following the second world war made nuclear or particle physics experiments almost impossible. However, the (Japanese) theoretical achievements of the 1940s considerably buoyed this group, namely two-meson theory, super-many-time theory and covariant renormalization theory. Economic conditions were also difficult with high inflation throughout the 1950s. Printing and distribution problems and paper shortages reduced the circulation of scientific journals, but theoretical work progressed well even in isolation. Within Japan, a circular called Soyrushiron Kenkyu (elementary particle theory research) became a valuable medium for exchange of new ideas and information. A Research Institute for Fundamental Physics, the first of several Japanese research institutes, was opened at Kyoto University in 1953, when a major international conference was held there. The second half of the 1950s was a time of expansion and consolidation for particle physics in Japan. (UK)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
A survey was conducted on the energy situation in Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and India, and a possibility of making an international joint research. Thailand has sharply increased investments from Europe and the U.S. since 1985, and has been making a rapid industrialization. As to the energy policy, it is important to secure the stable supply and stabilize the price. Indonesia has been rapidly increasing energy consumption in accordance with the recent economic growth, and is fear of becoming a net oil importing country in the near future. They are taking a policy for securing as much domestic oil and gas as possible. Malaysia has been keeping a high growth of over 8% per year for the past 8 years and rapidly increased energy demand. It is expected that they will maintain a high level of the development of energy resources. In the Philippines, the industrial energy is mostly coal, but electricity expected in future is from the oil-fueled power generation. The stable import of oil is a problem. 45 figs., 51 tabs.
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The Relationship between Subclinical Asperger’s Syndrome and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Akira Midorikawa
2012-04-01
Full Text Available Background/Aims: The existence of the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bv-FTD, including senile Asperger’s syndrome (AS, has been proposed. However, there are no empirical case reports to support the proposal. In this report, we present 3 patients who showed symptoms of bv-FTD and demonstrated signs of autistic spectrum disorder, especially AS. Methods: We evaluated 3 subjects using the diagnostic criteria for bv-FTD, and their caregivers retrospectively provided data to calculate the Autism-Spectrum Quotient, Japanese version [Wakabayashi et al.: Shinrigaku Kenkyu 2004;75:78–84]. We also compared these data with those obtained from 3 individuals with Alzheimer’s disease. Results: All 3 patients met the criteria for bv-FTD and had a higher Autism-Spectrum Quotient score than did comparable Alzheimer’s disease subjects. Conclusion: It is possible that some senile persons with frontotemporal lobar degeneration-like maladaptive behavior may suffer from subclinical AS.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
In order to propose fundamental research and development of AC superconducting power apparatuses, the FY 1998 efforts were directed to studies on the effects of introducing superconducting apparatuses, making proposals of development programs, literature (including patent publications) surveys on trends of research and development at home and abroad, and making proposals for technological breakthroughs. Results of the studies for evaluating economic efficiency of these apparatuses and the effects of their introduction indicate that the promising apparatuses for eventual commercialization include superconducting cables, current limiters, field power generators, transformers and flywheels. The superconducting cables are expected to greatly reduce losses and hence CO2 emissions. The superconducting current limiters are promising means to control short-circuit current increase in the trunk power systems in which they are used. The superconducting transformers are expected to reduce losses and hence CO2 emissions. The project of fundamental research and development of AC superconducting power apparatuses has proposed the fundamental technological research themes aimed at development of the elementary techniques prerequisite for realizing these 3 types of apparatuses and reflection of the required apparatus specifications in development of the cable materials. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
With an objective of creating a new scope of study intended of solving global environment problems and structuring a new technical system, exchanges with overseas researchers and research institutions have been carried out subsequent to those in last year. In fiscal 1998, six researchers from different countries were invited to implement joint researches, and two overseas researchers were invited to an international conference on industrial technologies for global environment. In addition, in order to identify trends of research and development in overseas countries, two researchers were sent to universities in Germany and the U.S.A., and three researchers to international conferences and symposiums on the industrial technologies for global environment. It was intended to exchange technological information between overseas researchers and Japanese researchers who are performing the advanced researches on the industrial technologies for global environment, and to proliferate the latest items of technological information. Therefore, seven international seminars have been held, including the '98 Japan-China Global Environment Protection Symposium, 'substance migration and carbon circulation in coral reefs', 'plant bio-technologies in the 21st century', and the Fourth International Forum for Environmental Catalysts. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
With an objective of creating a new scope of study intended of solving global environment problems and structuring a new technical system, exchanges with overseas researchers and research institutions have been carried out subsequent to those in last year. In fiscal 1998, six researchers from different countries were invited to implement joint researches, and two overseas researchers were invited to an international conference on industrial technologies for global environment. In addition, in order to identify trends of research and development in overseas countries, two researchers were sent to universities in Germany and the U.S.A., and three researchers to international conferences and symposiums on the industrial technologies for global environment. It was intended to exchange technological information between overseas researchers and Japanese researchers who are performing the advanced researches on the industrial technologies for global environment, and to proliferate the latest items of technological information. Therefore, seven international seminars have been held, including the '98 Japan-China Global Environment Protection Symposium, 'substance migration and carbon circulation in coral reefs', 'plant bio-technologies in the 21st century', and the Fourth International Forum for Environmental Catalysts. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
A study has been performed on the possibility of efficient utilization of research resources by summarizing the resource information for research and development by the industrial, governmental and academic areas and by providing research organizations with the information through the Internet. As a result of the survey on research aiding cases that apply the network used by the public organizations and corporations inside and outside the country, it was found that Japan often utilizes research facilities and holds seminars having selected regional research organizations, while the U.S. provides large-size aids in wide area, such as technological information service, patent service, and human resource service. A questionnaire survey was conducted on interests toward the necessity of research aids, specific needs for aids, and provided services. As a result, it was revealed that interest toward the research aiding net is considerably high, and strong demands are present in structuring database for the research human resource information, needs information, and information on researchers in different fields. Discussions were given on structuring the research aiding net, wherein the system contents, structuring expense, and the development schedule were presented. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
As part of the New Sunshine Program of the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, a 2-year survey and research is conducted beginning in 1998 on the effect of the introduction of superconductive power equipment for the facilitation of the progress of research and development of basic power equipment which utilizes AC (alternating current) superconductivity. Frontier research and development has been started of basic AC superconductive power equipment for clarifying the tasks to solve in the development effort and for preparing an efficient research and development plan. This fiscal year's endeavor covers the survey of the effect of the introduction of superconductive power equipment in addition to the preparation of a basic plan for the research and development of basic AC superconductive power equipment for fiscal 2000 and afterward, continued survey of research and development trends in and outside Japan for the review of the result achieved in the preceding fiscal year, development of AC equipment element technologies utilizing conduit type semiconductors as a basic study for the embodiment of AC superconductive equipment, and a study for elucidating the mechanism of resistance generated in a superconductive current limiter. Furthermore, papers on the superconduction technology released so far are investigated, and technology development trends and efficient research techniques are put together into a technological information database. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
As part of the New Sunshine Program of the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, a 2-year survey and research is conducted beginning in 1998 on the effect of the introduction of superconductive power equipment for the facilitation of the progress of research and development of basic power equipment which utilizes AC (alternating current) superconductivity. Frontier research and development has been started of basic AC superconductive power equipment for clarifying the tasks to solve in the development effort and for preparing an efficient research and development plan. This fiscal year's endeavor covers the survey of the effect of the introduction of superconductive power equipment in addition to the preparation of a basic plan for the research and development of basic AC superconductive power equipment for fiscal 2000 and afterward, continued survey of research and development trends in and outside Japan for the review of the result achieved in the preceding fiscal year, development of AC equipment element technologies utilizing conduit type semiconductors as a basic study for the embodiment of AC superconductive equipment, and a study for elucidating the mechanism of resistance generated in a superconductive current limiter. Furthermore, papers on the superconduction technology released so far are investigated, and technology development trends and efficient research techniques are put together into a technological information database. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
The paper surveyed the situation of the recent economic crisis, social circumstances, trends of energy policies, etc. in Asian countries. The energy consumption in Asian countries mainly including ASEAN countries and China is expected to show a large growth hereinafter together with a rapid economic growth on a long-term basis. Further, the harmony with the environmental problem has been requested. This problem is important also to Japan from a viewpoint of the regional response to the stabilized energy supply/environmental problems. The response to global environmental problems in these countries and the promotion of development/spread of new energy/energy conservation are strongly desired. For the spread of these technologies, it is effective to actually construct/operate/maintain plants under the joint research with Japan from viewpoints of personnel training, technology improvement, PR effects, etc. It is helpful also for Japan from the aspect of technology development such as data acquisition. It is necessary to accurately grasp the needs and technical levels of the other country in the case of carrying out the joint research. The survey was made about 7 countries including Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, India, China and Vietnam. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
It is thought that the energy consumption in Asian countries with ASEAN and China as center will a marked growth also in future together with a rapid economic growth, but harmony with environmental problems and economic growth is being taken as a serious problem. This is an important issue also to Japan from viewpoints of secure energy supply and regional response to the environmental issue. Accordingly, strongly desired is positive response to global environmental issues and promotion in development/spread of new energy/energy conservation in these countries. For the spread of the technologies, actual construction/operation of plants by joint researches with Japan are effective from aspects of personnel raising, technical improvement, PR effects, etc. This is also helpful for Japan in terms of technological development because Japan can also get the unobtainable data from the operation under appropriate conditions. This is a report on the studies of the trends of global environmental problems in Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, India and China. 3 figs., 72 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Described herein are results of surveys on dissemination policies for, and development trends in, energy saving and new energy areas in 6 Asian countries, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, India and China. Possible joint research themes for Indonesia include effective utilization of palm oil residue, modernization of distribution systems, high-efficiency coal-fired thermal power generation techniques, and promotion of dissemination of solar cells. For Malaysia, renewable energies, e.g., photovoltaic power, will be developed to promote electrification for those areas not well electrified. The Philippines is positively receiving technical and financial aids for new energy and energy-saving areas from the advanced countries. India is considering to introduce a number of projects for, e.g., technological optimization of power supply area, decentralized power generation, oil exploitation and extraction techniques, and photovoltaic power generation. China is still in the preliminary stage in its energy research and development, and will need further joint researches in the energy sector. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
Exchange of personnel among foreign research organizations is significant for promoting research and development to create new research fields and to build new technological systems for the purpose of solving global environmental problems. For this purpose, researchers were sent/invited to/from international conferences and international symposiums related to global environmental technology and exchange of personnel with major foreign research organizations and universities was conducted under the cooperation of RITE and RITE-related researchers and related academic societies. Based on short-term invitation and sending of researchers as well as the feasibility study of researcher exchange, researchers were sent/invited on long- and mid-terms. As a result, exchange of personnel engaged in the latest research in Japan and overseas could be promoted. It was found that various researches are being conducted abroad in basic areas of global environmental technology. Since they are closely related to the research and development of industrial technology contributing to global environmental preservation promoted by RITE, it is important to establish a more efficient exchange system of researchers in the future. 91 refs., 38 figs., 14 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
Before submitting propositions on important technological tasks to be generated in the automobile production line upon application of IT (information technology), a questionnairing is implemented to know the actualities of the line for the purpose of planning a proper merger of IT and the manufacturing technology development capability of the IT accepting site. The questionnaire, aiming at the embodiment of the goals of the projects 'IT related technical tasks relative to its helping human creation of new technologies and enhancement of human ability to make improvement' and 'Technical tasks of developing technical skills into technologies,' asks engineers about the actualities of knowhow at automobile production lines and its development into technologies, about how they take care of what they learned from their predecessors, and about their expectations from and views and opinions toward IT introduction and utilization. It is important to efficiently utilize IT as a means to solve problems involving the knowhow related training on the production line and the handing down of the acquired knowhow to the juniors. Since individual workers' knowhow assumes a certain role at each stage of the automobile production line and since it is necessary to extract the maximum from each worker and to utilize the fruit for improvement on productivity and work efficiency, it is indispensable to efficiently merge the knowhow with IT. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
The project for research and development of fundamental technologies for AC superconducting power devices has been started, and the FY 2000 results are reported. The R and D of fundamental technologies for superconducting power cables include grasping the mechanical characteristics associated with integration necessary for fabrication of large current capacity and long cables; development of barrier cable materials by various methods; and development of short insulated tubes as cooling technology for long superconducting cables, and grasping its thermal/mechanical characteristics. The R and D of faults current limiters include introduction of the unit for superconducting film fabrication, determination of the structures and layouts for large currents, and improvement of performance of each device for high voltages. R and D of superconducting magnets for power applications include grasping the fundamental characteristics of insulation at cryogenic temperature, completion of the insulation designs for high voltage/current lead bushing, and development of prototype sub-cooled nitrogen cooling unit for cooling each AC power device. Study on the total systems and related subjects include analysis for stabilization of the group model systems, to confirm improved voltage stability when the superconducting cable is in service. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
This report summarizes the technology exchange with Australian coal mining engineers, the technical levels and needs on coal production, safety and environment in Australia, and the FS result on transfer of Japanese technologies, engineer exchange and joint research in a coal mining technology field. The overseas workshop (Australia) was held on Nov. 9, 1999 (Tues.) in Brisbane, Queensland. The Australia-Japan Technology Exchange Workshop on coal resources and coal mining technology includes 5 sessions (keynote address, trends and issues of coal resource development, coal resources and production technology, coal resources and safety technology, coal resources and environmental problems), and the open forum discussion on innovative technologies for coal mining. 6 Japanese specialists and 11 Australian specialists read papers. After the workshop, the participants visited Liddell Mine in New South Wales to master natural conditions, and production and safety technology levels of Australian coal mines, and to exchange various information with Australian coal mining engineers. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
This report summarizes the workshop and technical tour held in Japan for technical interexchange of domestic and overseas engineers. From the information obtained, the higher productivity of coal mines is dependent on selective mining under blessed geological conditions, however, basically establishment of an advanced management technique for inexpensive stable operation. Both preliminary collection of geological information and introduction of advanced facilities even under unstable conditions are necessary. The balance and optimization of the whole system, and an excellent human nature for operation are also essential. Use of roof bolt supports is diffusing as improvement technology of excavation speed and roof control technology over the world. However, for introduction of new technologies, collection of test results and various kinds of training are necessary. Methane gas in coal seams as the main theme of the Hokkaido workshop is a precious unused natural resource, and important for prevention of global warming and coal mine protection measures. Its use is dependent on development of gas drainage technology. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1995-03-01
Described herein are the FY 1994 results of the feasibility study of the geothermal exploitation technologies for the international joint demonstration research with Indonesia. The survey methods are considered for the areas difficult to access by land transportation means (e.g., tropical rain forests) to promote development of geothermal resources in remote areas (small- to medium-scale geothermal power generation plans). The satellite and air remote sensing are used for the wide-area survey. The data obtained by the satellite are analyzed using the JERS-1 data, and then surveyed in detail by the air remote sensing for the selected areas to find, e.g., abnormal ground temperature regions, faults, volcanoes, geothermally altered regions and landslide regions. They are surveyed in more detail by the air electromagnetic and magnetic exploitation methods. Although they have high resolution, their application tends to be hindered by hot and humid climates in the prospective exploitation areas. The GEMS-aided resources analysis is used to establish the geothermal models, to help extract the promising areas. These techniques are basically common, but it is necessary to take into consideration, e.g., the environments and regional characteristics of these areas when they are actually used. Diversification of fossil fuel supply sources is advantageous for Japan, and her energy security will be improved by supporting geothermal resources development promotion in the supply sources. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
The domestic workshop invites Japanese engineers and engineers from coal producing countries for the exchange of coal mining technologies and aims to substantiate and facilitate the dispatching and receiving of engineers under training programs. The main subject of the Asia-Pacific coal technology workshop was 'Coal for the 21st century - resources and technology,' and there were two sessions held on September 8, titled 'Trends and tasks of coal resources exploitation' and 'Coal resources and production technology.' Lectures were delivered by five overseas and five Japanese coal engineering experts. On September 9, nine essays were presented concerning 'Coal resources and security problems' and 'Coal resources and environmental problems.' In addition, a panel discussion was held, titled 'Coal resources assessment and technology.' Importance was emphasized of the correct assessment of the magnitude of resources, development of probing technologies to collect more detailed information, improvement of digging speeds applicable to faces for large and high-efficiency mining, development of coal mining technologies for increased recovery, etc. Information was exchanged on various occasions and partnership was enhanced between the participants to the advantage of engineer exchanging projects in the future. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
This report summarizes the workshop and technical tour held in Japan for technical interexchange of domestic and overseas engineers. From the information obtained, the higher productivity of coal mines is dependent on selective mining under blessed geological conditions, however, basically establishment of an advanced management technique for inexpensive stable operation. Both preliminary collection of geological information and introduction of advanced facilities even under unstable conditions are necessary. The balance and optimization of the whole system, and an excellent human nature for operation are also essential. Use of roof bolt supports is diffusing as improvement technology of excavation speed and roof control technology over the world. However, for introduction of new technologies, collection of test results and various kinds of training are necessary. Methane gas in coal seams as the main theme of the Hokkaido workshop is a precious unused natural resource, and important for prevention of global warming and coal mine protection measures. Its use is dependent on development of gas drainage technology. (NEDO)
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Araújo, Lia; Ribeiro, Oscar; Teixeira, Laetitia; Azevedo, Maria João; Jopp, Daniela S; Rott, Christoph; Paúl, Constança
2015-10-01
This study aims to present the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Positive Valuation of Life Scale (Lawton et al. in J Aging Ment Healt 13:3-31, 2001). Sample included 207 community-dwelling elders (129 women; M Age = 77.2 years, SD = 7.5). The data collection included the translated and adapted Portuguese version of Positive Valuation of Life Scale, Life Satisfaction Index Z, Meaning in Life Questionnaire and Geriatric Depression Scale. From exploratory factor analysis, two factors emerged, existential beliefs and perceived control, explaining 49 % of the total variance. Both factors were positively related with meaning in life and life satisfaction and negatively related with depression (p 0.75). The Portuguese version of Positive VOL Scale represents a reliable and valid measure to capture the subjective experience of attachment to one's life. The two-factor structure is an update to Lawton's previous work and in line with findings obtained in the USA (Dennis et al. in What is valuation of life for frail community-dwelling older adults: factor structure and criterion validity of the VOL, Thomas Jefferson University, Center for Applied Research on Aging and Health Research, 2005) and Japan (Nakagawa et al. in Shinrigaku Kenkyu 84:37-46, 2013). Future research is required to investigate VOL predictors and the potential changes toward the end of the life span.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
For the purpose of making effective technology exchanges and surveying levels of technology in Indonesia and the needs and possibilities of technology transfer from Japan, workshop was held in Jakarta city on March 1, 2001. Subjects were the following seven: subjects on coal resource and technical strategy in the 21st century, challenge in coal development in Indonesia, geological structure survey at Tanjung Enim coal mine, waste water treatment in Indonesia, outlook for underground mining coal mines, joint research on the centralized monitoring system, and introduction of the optimum high wall coal mining system into open pit mining coal mines in Indonesia. The coal production amount in Indonesia was 75 million tons, and the domestic demand was 22 million tons. Japan imported 14 million tons from Indonesia. In coal mines in Indonesia, most of the coal preparation plants have no waste water treatment facilities. Considering that waste water treatment facilities are necessary for the plants in future, the joint research was made on the simple coal preparation waste water treatment system. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
For the purpose of making technical exchanges with coal mine related engineers in China and surveying levels of coal production technology and the needs in China and possibilities of technology transfer from Japan, workshop was held and technical tours were made. On December 13, 2000, a workshop was held in China which was named 'Japan-China Joint Coal Project Workshop: Environment/Production/Security.' Participants were 112 including 16 from Japan and 96 from China. Subjects were as follows: subjects on coal resource and technical strategy in the 21st century, technical exchange project and technical development, Japan-China technical cooperation project, report on the operational situation of China Coal Industry Environmental Preservation Safety Training Center, Japan-China Joint Project on spontaneous combustion prevention technology, CMG recovery/utilization system joint demonstration project, Japan-China joint coal exploration project, Japan-China coal field geology joint exploration project, etc. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
The international exchange project for the engineer exchange project (in coal mine technology area) in fiscal 1998, the 'Overseas workshop' has performed exchange in technologies with Australian coal mine engineers. The project refers to the Australian technological levels and needs in coal production, safety control and environment, as well as transfer of the Japanese coal mine technologies. This report summarizes the result of a survey on the engineer exchange project in the coal mine technology area and the possibility of joint researches. The 'overseas workshop' was held in November 1998 for two days in Brisbane City in QLD Province as the 'Japan-Australia coal technology workshop'. The 'Japan-Australia coal technology workshop' gave lectures in five sessions (the basic lecture, Japan-Australia high-speed excavation project, coal mine gas control project, exploration and resources, and development and experience of Japan). It also discussed two themes (mine safety management and rules, and greenhouse effect gases and coal mining). Two coal mines were visited thereafter to deepen the exchange with the Australian coal mine engineers. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
The international exchange project for the engineer exchange project (in coal mine technology area) in fiscal 1998, the 'Overseas workshop' has performed exchange in technologies with Australian coal mine engineers. The project refers to the Australian technological levels and needs in coal production, safety control and environment, as well as transfer of the Japanese coal mine technologies. This report summarizes the result of a survey on the engineer exchange project in the coal mine technology area and the possibility of joint researches. The 'overseas workshop' was held in November 1998 for two days in Brisbane City in QLD Province as the 'Japan-Australia coal technology workshop'. The 'Japan-Australia coal technology workshop' gave lectures in five sessions (the basic lecture, Japan-Australia high-speed excavation project, coal mine gas control project, exploration and resources, and development and experience of Japan). It also discussed two themes (mine safety management and rules, and greenhouse effect gases and coal mining). Two coal mines were visited thereafter to deepen the exchange with the Australian coal mine engineers. (NEDO)
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Feasibility study on the wind farm; Wind farm no kanosei chosa
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
For assessment of the possibility of the wind farm (collective wind power facility) in Japan, site conditions, business plans and various issues in development were arranged using some projects in a planning stage. The case study of a system design was also conducted for a typical site. Four sites were selected based on geographical conditions, topographic features and weather conditions. Scales of every site are as large as 1000-3000kW and 400- 750kW in wind turbine capacity. Every developer expects a subsidy, and governmental economic support is indispensable for the wind farm. In the case of Hisai city, Mie prefecture with the most favorable wind condition in Japan, the annual mean wind velocity of the site is valued at nearly 8m/s, suggesting that it is promising for the wind farm. From the planned scale of 750kWtimes4, the annual generated power and availability factor are valued at 9,800,000kWh/y and 37%, respectively. From the construction cost of 1 billion yen including a subsidy of its half, the generation cost is valued at 14.5 yen/kWh in durability of 15 years, and 12.2 yen/kWh in 20 years, and the profitability is dependent on the purchase price of a power company. 27 figs., 36 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
This advance survey on Russia has performed visiting surveys and information collection at coal related organizations inside Japan and in overseas countries on production technology levels, trends and technology exchange needs in overseas coal producing countries. The project is intended to serve for improvement in the contents of and smooth execution of the engineer exchange project in the 'coal mine technology field. It was carried out by expertise people as the site surveys and the engineer reception and exchange surveys. Because of the economic crisis that has hit Russia in 1998, unprofitable coal mines were closed one after another under the coal mine scrap and build policy under the initiative of the World Bank. This situation is giving serious impacts on coal mines in the Far East Russia and the coastal areas. However, the importance of coal as the primary energy source has not been changed at all in the Far East Russia. Thus, the areas have fallen into a situation that they must rely on a great amount of introduced and imported coals as a result of weakening in coal mines in the Far Eastern area on the other hand. This paper reports mainly the situation in which the coal industries in the coastal areas are placed, and the possibilities of technology exchange. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
As a part of the fiscal 1998 international interexchange project in a coal mine technology field, the survey was made in America. Geological engineering problem has large effect on the protection and productivity of underground coal mines. Promotion of long wall mining has contributed to reduction of disasters, however, recently deaths due to roof collapse and wall collapse are on the increase. A roof evaluation technique was developed for adequate selection of mining methods and support design, and its standardization and diffusion are in promotion. Integration and improvement advanced in facility technology because of worldwide integration by acquisition of coal mine facility manufacturers. Introduction of high-power high-capacity facilities is increasing with introduction of large long wall working faces, and development of rear transport system technology and labor saving by remote control are also in promotion according to such trend. As automation and labor saving technology of mining facilities, the automated direction detection and control system by laser and gyroscope is under development. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Suzuki, T.; Takeshita, K.; Ishino, R.
2000-06-01
The high-speed distribution line carrier systems on underground distribution lines are being developed in Germany. To estimate these systems on Japanese overhead low voltage distribution lines, the Carrier Propagation Program has been developed and applicability of OFDM system was roughly estimated. 1. Carrier Propagation Program Carrier Propagation Program that calculates the carrier propagation characteristics of any line structure was developed. 2. Carrier propagation characteristics Carrier propagation characteristics on typical Japanese overhead low voltage distribution lines were calculated 3.Rough estimation of OFDM system Electric fields caused by carrier at near point were calculated on the basis on carrier propagation characteristics. Results of rough estimation are as follows: - Electric field caused by carrier of more than 2Mbps system exceeds the value of the regulation. (author)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
In Europe, international division is in progress as the result of market internationalization, and the coal market is experiencing an increasingly intensive competition in the storm of deregulation. The coal industry of Britain is away from a crisis for the time being, thanks to a new 5-year contract concluded with the electric utilities who are the primary purchasers, but it has to compete with imported coal and natural gas. The industry is also hit by the control imposed on the development of new opencast coal mines. Production is on the decline in the German coal market, which is one the largest in Western Europe, due to reduced subsidies, unfavorable geological conditions, lowered price, etc. The German coal industry is positively striving to exploit coal mines overseas and to export coal mining technologies. In Spain and France, the coal industry is forced to shrink and, in France, there is a plan to terminate coal mining completely in 2005. In Poland, the introduction of market economy has resulted in the influx of low-price coal from Russia etc., and all the Polish mines are now in the red. Its joining the European Union in the near future will further increase the pressure from other nations. It is learned that in Britain, Germany, etc., coal businesses are accelerating their transfer of technology to developing countries and are positively strengthening their presence abroad. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
This project has been performed with an intention of making visiting surveys and information collection at coal related organizations in overseas coal producing countries on production technology levels and trends. The project is intended to serve for improvement in the contents of and smooth execution of the engineer exchange project in the 'coal mine technology field. It was carried out by the site surveys. The surveys revealed that the situation of the American coal industry is expected of stable increase in the demand and supply in the future, but the coal price is on the falling trend, and therefore, the industry is compelled to further increase the intensity and enhance the productivity. The industry is strongly influenced by the amended air pollution prevention act and nature destruction problems, hence further coal mine curtailment is estimated. Under such a background, it was found that the long-wall mining process progressing toward larger scale and higher productivity, and the high-wall mining process that provides higher productivity at lower cost and has less impact on the environmental problems can continue development in mountainous areas, particularly in the Appalachian area. The high-wall mining process mines coal at exposed facings on the side of a mountain by using a continuous miner, and transports the coal using machines. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
This survey in Europe surveyed the current status of the coal industry, supporting directions and policies of governments on the coal industry, and summarized the information thereof. The survey included movements in policies and activities in transfer of technologies to overseas countries by governments and corporations of different countries, and the current status of the coal technology training project. The survey covered Britain and Germany. The British coal industry is facing a serious difficulty because the electric power industry being the major coal purchaser has changes its sourcing to natural gas. In addition, the open-cut mining which has been considered high in productivity has no further hope of big progress due to regulations in the environmental aspects. However, as a result of having performed positively research and development on production cost reduction, the production efficiency has grown excellently. Using this situation as the base, positive advancement into overseas countries is being carried out. The German coal industry has, in spite of having reduced the production size and the number of coal mines, shifted coal purchasers to electric power generation and steel making areas, and its quality and supply capability stand equivalent to those of imported coals. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
Technical information exchange was performed with Vietnamese engineers related to coal mine technologies through the overseas workshop and the technical tour. At the same time, investigations were executed on the production technology levels and needs in Vietnam, and on possibilities of transfer of Japanese technologies. The 'Overseas workshop (Vietnam)' was held on September 28, 1999 with the 'trends and problems in coal production technologies' as the main theme. Lectures were given in the session related to coal production technologies by Vietnamese coal technology experts, each from VINACOAL and IMSAT, and by two Japanese coal technology experts. A comprehensive discussion was also executed, and items of technical information were exchanged on the coal production technologies. The number of persons actually participated in the workshop counted 58, with the proceedings presented by them distributed. The Mao Khe and Duong Huy coal mines in Quang Ninh Province were visited as the technical tour, whereas the coal mine sites were inspected and opinions were exchanged with the site engineers. Gas analysis was performed in the Mao Khe mine from the viewpoint of a gas control technology, and site investigation was carried out on lock bolts in the Duong Huy mine from the viewpoint of a roof control technology. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-11-11
The International Symposium for the Promotion of APEC Environmental Technology Exchange was held under the theme `The function and role expected of the APEC Virtual Center,` with the objectives of clarifying the need for future intra-regional environmental technological exchange, defining the types of information and personnel exchange, and promoting the use of interactive character of the APEC Virtual Center for Environmental Technology Exchange by encouraging access to and participation in the Virtual Center project. It was held in the period of 11th and 12th, November in 1996, at the venue of Rinku International Convention Center in Osaka. The symposium was attended by 477 persons from nine countries, i.e., Australia, Canada, China, Indonesia, Korea, Philippines, Thailand, the US, and Japan, comprising staff members of intra-regional environment-related organizations. After the keynote speech, `Current status and tasks of environmental technology exchange`, and `Expected roles of the Virtual Center for Environmental Technology Exchange` were discussed. During the plenary session, the chairman summarized the symposium. This summary was carried on the Virtual Center homepage of the Internet
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
For the engineer interchange project (coal mine technology field), field survey for collecting information was made on the level and trend of production technology through visits to some coal industry organizations by specialists in Russia which is one candidate for the engineer training project by sending and receiving. Although coal is positioned as an important energy resource in Russia, poor business performance and a decrease in production are reported because of privatization and cur off of subsidies during a transfer period to a market economy. In addition, severe environment surrounding the Russian coal industry such as a delay of facility renewal due to poor funds, overage facilities, and moral reduction of workers due to a rationing delay has a potential for further reduction of production. The research group thus surveyed the current state of the Russian coal industry such as actual production structures, actual coal mines, technical levels, and various problem points in Moscow and Baykal districts. (NEDO)
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Feasibility study on the introduction of hybrid buses; Hybrid bus donyu kanosei chosa
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
The purpose of this research is to design pilot projects for introducing hybrid buses into the public transportation sector. This research also covers contents regarding hybrid buses with a trolley-collector motor and a diesel engine, to identify technical and economical problems and to analyze cost beneficiation using hybrid buses. The trolley parallel hybrid system has been employed for the feasibility study. This system has abundant operation results in Europe and the USA. Its battery is small or is not necessary, and the maintenance cost is also low. As a result of the feasibility study, reduction effects of CO2 emission were found out. When the CO2 generation at the power plant is not counted, the reduction effect was estimated to be 32% compared with the CO2 emission from diesel buses. When the CO2 generation at the power plant is considered, it was estimated to be 18%. The cost beneficiation was investigated for the cases of the transportations using trolley system surrounding a medium-scale terminal among large-scale housing development, tourist resort, and stations. The annual income is estimated to be larger than the annual payment in each case. It was found that the hybrid bus is economically established. 17 refs., 48 figs., 41 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
Described herein are the results of the international research exchange projects promoted by Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE) in FY 2000. The international research exchanges are important for creation of new research areas and technological systems for solving the global environmental problems. In order to promote these activities, RITE invites and dispatches researchers to international conferences and symposiums, promotes research exchanges with major foreign research institutes and academic organizations, and invites and dispatches researchers for medium to long periods. These projects promote exchanges of the latest researches with various institutes, both domestic and foreign, and confirm that the research and development projects now RITE is promoting are closely related to those promoted by various organizations. In the FY 2000, RITE invites 5 foreign researchers for joint researches, and invites 3 foreign researchers to international conferences. RITE also dispatches 3 Japanese researchers to American and European universities, and 12 Japanese researchers to international conferences and the like, to effectively promote the domestic researches and grasp development tendencies at institutes of various countries. RITE holds 5 international seminars for exchanging and discussing broad topics over advanced researches related to global environmental technologies by researchers, both domestic and foreign. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Suzuki, H; Koike, S; Odaka, M [Traffic Safety and Nuisance Research Inst., Tokyo (Japan)
1997-10-01
Single fuel operation with diesel fuel has been tried experimentally for the Homogeneous Charge Diesel Combustion method (HCDC). The higher the pre-mixed fuel ratio, the lower the emissions. But diesel knock due to early self ignition may be occurred under high pre-mixed fuel ratio conditions and consequently the maximum pre-mixed fuel ratio is restricted by these knock limits. Full load operations with higher pre-mixed fuel ratio can be possible with a supercharging which improve the knock limits and emissions. 8 refs., 12 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-07-01
At the 'policy maker workshop of the virtual center of APEC technology exchange' held in November 1997 in Osaka, Japan, it was agreed to organize study groups to discuss the scope of information provided by the virtual center, and to make common the classification systems and retrieval functions. In addition, the necessity was confirmed on international cooperation to promote establishment of virtual centers in different countries and territories. On the first day, Professor Ueda at the Kyoto University gave the basic lecture entitled 'global environment preservation and environmental technology transfer: problems and prospects'. Mr. Dan, the workshop manager gave the basic proposal entitled 'the future directionality of environmental technology exchange inside the APEC territories by using Internet'. Based on the basic proposal made on the first day, reports and discussions were given in the following sessions, where confirmation was made on the future directions. S1: establishment of the virtual centers in other countries and territories; S2: assurance of interchangeability of classification systems and retrieval functions in providing information, and S3: presentation of examples of inter-territorial exchange and the future directionality. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-07-01
At the 'policy maker workshop of the virtual center of APEC technology exchange' held in November 1997 in Osaka, Japan, it was agreed to organize study groups to discuss the scope of information provided by the virtual center, and to make common the classification systems and retrieval functions. In addition, the necessity was confirmed on international cooperation to promote establishment of virtual centers in different countries and territories. On the first day, Professor Ueda at the Kyoto University gave the basic lecture entitled 'global environment preservation and environmental technology transfer: problems and prospects'. Mr. Dan, the workshop manager gave the basic proposal entitled 'the future directionality of environmental technology exchange inside the APEC territories by using Internet'. Based on the basic proposal made on the first day, reports and discussions were given in the following sessions, where confirmation was made on the future directions. S1: establishment of the virtual centers in other countries and territories; S2: assurance of interchangeability of classification systems and retrieval functions in providing information, and S3: presentation of examples of inter-territorial exchange and the future directionality. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Mutual information exchange at international levels is important for practical application of global environment preservation technologies, whereas the APEC Virtual Center was established in fiscal 1997. Fiscal 1998 has discussed the future functions of the Virtual Center, and carried out the following matters to improve the functions and achieve its stable operation. Discussions were given on common use with the centers of other countries and regions of the specifications of classification systems for information areas and provided information that are provided by the Virtual Center. Visits were made to sub-managing countries and regions for smooth operation of the study groups, and opinions were exchanged. Visits were made to coordinators and contact points established in each country and region when the Center was founded in fiscal 1997. A visit was made to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to exchange opinions on coordination measures with the Cleaner Production Strategy of the U.S.A. being a project similar to the subject project. In order to strengthen the Japan's Center, attempts were made to expand the linking information to wider scope. Special pages publishing concentratedly the items of information that the users are interested were prepared as part of the information provision. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
At COP3 in 1997, an agreement was made to the innovative technical development/promotion by international cooperation, and the promotion of transfer of environmental technology to developing countries. Under the agreement, a feasibility study of international cooperation was made, and especially a study was conducted of the utilization/development of solar energy by the innovative solar thermochemical process. The main reason for global warming is emissions of a large amount of CO2 caused by the direct combustion of fossil fuels. Therefore, a CO2 recycle system taken up in the study enables a more substantial decline in CO2 emission (kg/kWh) per unit generation than the conventional thermal power system by composing solar methanol or solar dimethyl ether using fossil fuels including coal, water, CO2, etc. as raw materials and using solar energy as heat source, and by using this as fuel (solar fuel). CO2 can be reduced by 13% to 14% by substituting solar methanol or solar dimethyl ether produced from petroleum/methane equivalent-mol mixed raw materials for the equivalent mol coal and natural gas of the thermal power plant (CO2 recovery is not necessary). 34 refs., 47 figs., 34 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1976-07-01
This report outlines the results of (1) 8 researches on solar energy technology, (2) 4 researches on hydrogen energy, and (3) 4 general researches. (1) includes the prototype measuring instrument of near IR solar direct radiation using an interference filter to measure solar spectral irradiance, the prototype small-scale solar heat power model system, selective absorption and transmission films as solar heat power generation materials, InP solar cell and new solar cell system configuration, micro-wave power transmission of solar energy, and the expansion turbine using low-boiling point coolant for space power generation. (2) includes the hydrogen energy system, high-temperature thermolysis of water at 1,000 degrees C, prototype zirconia single-crystals for new solid electrolyte fuel cells, and the large-capacity high- temperature solid electrolyte fuel cell power system. (3) includes the total new energy system, the prototype superconducting magnet for energy storage, study on mechanism of an anomalous absorption effect by irradiation of strong laser beam onto high-temperature high-density ionized gas, and low-temperature difference power generation in the ocean. (NEDO)
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Chen, Chia-Ching; Yamada, Tetsuji; Nakashima, Taeko; Chiu, I-Ming
2017-01-01
The purposes of this study are: (1) to empirically identify decision-making preferences of long-term health-care use, especially informal and formal home care (FHC) service use; (2) to evaluate outcomes vs. costs based on substitutability of informal and FHC service use; and (3) to investigate health outcome disparity based on substitutability. The methods of ordinary least squares, a logit model, and a bivariate probit model are used by controlling for socioeconomic, demographic, and physical/mental health factors to investigate outcomes and costs based substitutability of informal and formal health-care use. The data come from the 2013 Japanese Study of Aging and Retirement (JSTAR), which is designed by Keizai-Sangyo Kenkyu-jo, Hitotsubashi University, and the University of Tokyo. The JSTAR is a globally comparable data survey of the elderly. There exists a complement relationship between the informal home care (IHC) and community-based FHC services, and the elasticity's ranges from 0.18 to 0.22. These are reasonable results, which show that unobservable factors are positively related to IHC and community-based FHC, but negatively related to nursing home (NH) services based on our bivariate probit model. Regarding health-care outcome efficiency issue, the IHC is the best one among three types of elderly care: IHC, community-based FHC, and NH services. Health improvement/outcome of elderly with the IHC is heavier concentrated on IHC services than the elderly care services by community-based FHC and NH care services. Policy makers need to address a diversity of health outcomes and efficiency of services based on providing services to elderly through resource allocation to the different types of long-term care. A provision of partial or full compensation for elderly care at home is recommendable and a viable option to improve their quality of lives.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Chia-Ching Chen
2017-11-01
Full Text Available ObjectivesThe purposes of this study are: (1 to empirically identify decision-making preferences of long-term health-care use, especially informal and formal home care (FHC service use; (2 to evaluate outcomes vs. costs based on substitutability of informal and FHC service use; and (3 to investigate health outcome disparity based on substitutability.Methodology and dataThe methods of ordinary least squares, a logit model, and a bivariate probit model are used by controlling for socioeconomic, demographic, and physical/mental health factors to investigate outcomes and costs based substitutability of informal and formal health-care use. The data come from the 2013 Japanese Study of Aging and Retirement (JSTAR, which is designed by Keizai-Sangyo Kenkyu-jo, Hitotsubashi University, and the University of Tokyo. The JSTAR is a globally comparable data survey of the elderly.ResultsThere exists a complement relationship between the informal home care (IHC and community-based FHC services, and the elasticity’s ranges from 0.18 to 0.22. These are reasonable results, which show that unobservable factors are positively related to IHC and community-based FHC, but negatively related to nursing home (NH services based on our bivariate probit model. Regarding health-care outcome efficiency issue, the IHC is the best one among three types of elderly care: IHC, community-based FHC, and NH services. Health improvement/outcome of elderly with the IHC is heavier concentrated on IHC services than the elderly care services by community-based FHC and NH care services.ConclusionPolicy makers need to address a diversity of health outcomes and efficiency of services based on providing services to elderly through resource allocation to the different types of long-term care. A provision of partial or full compensation for elderly care at home is recommendable and a viable option to improve their quality of lives.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Matsumoto, H.; Shinohara, N. (Kyoto University, Kyoto (Japan))
1993-09-01
Transmitting of electric energy in the form of electromagnetic waves is a century-old idea, which has reached its final step of realization at last. This paper describes a review and future prospects on electric power transmitting technologies using microwaves (a wavelength of 12 cm is thought as the most promising candidate). Electric power was transmitted successfully to a flying helicopter in the U.S.A. in 1964. Transmission of 30-kW power was performed in 1975 to a power receiving rectenna (an antenna with microwave receiving rectification circuit) placed 1.6 tm away using a parabola as a transmitting antenna. These studies were carried over to the investigative studies on space power stations (SPS). This is a conception to install a static satellite equipped with a huge solar cell array in the sky of about 36,000 km high to generate power, convert the power to microwaves, and transmit the power of ten million kilowatt class to the ground. A number of results of advanced experiments have been obtained in Japan using rockets or aircraft. 26 refs., 5 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
For the purpose of developing and popularizing environment conservation technologies in the Asia/Pacific region, activities were conducted for Environmental Technology Research Network in the Asia/Pacific Area (ETERNET-APR). In this fiscal year, under the motto of Expansion of International Collaborative Researches on Environmental Technology, a 7th international workshop was held in Yokkaichi City, Mie Prefecture, with the attendance of approximately 60 people in Japan and from abroad. Researchers from overseas, in addition, attended a 10-day training program at the National Institute for Resources and Development and others in preparation for the embodiment of international collaborative research. A survey was conducted overseas for the promotion of database utilization and registration and for grasping the problems intrinsic to the respective research institutes and problems to occur at every stage of development. People's Republic of China was visited, where a miniscale workshop was held, study tours were made, and opinions were exchanged. It was actually felt, at the places that were visited, that ETERNET-APR was certainly in function in various fields. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
In order to further promote smoother introduction of oil substituting energies and development of new energies and energy saving technologies, it was intended to exchange and acquire items of information effective to learn the current state and policy trends on research and development of new energies and energy conservation in the EU countries who are the industrialized countries like Japan and enthusiastic in developing oil substituting energies. Therefore, exchange of researchers was carried out with an objective to contribute to research and development of oil substituting energies by deepening mutual understanding on the development efforts and forming efficient cooperative relationship. The researchers who visited Japan are Dr. Robert Durand (France) and Prof. and Dr. Bruno Scrosati (Italy). Dr. Durand has a great knowledge about fuel cells and storage batteries, and Dr. Scrosati about electrolytes and lithium batteries. Both gentlemen have visited the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology and the Agency of Natural Resources and Energy of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry, NEDO, Toshiba, Sony, Sanyo Electric, Japan Storage Battery, Matsushita Battery Industry, the Industrial Technology Research Institute of Osaka, and Kansai Electric Power Company. Views and information were exchanged and a number of good results were rewarded.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
With relation to the coal of Indonesia, where the expansion of the use of coal as a substitute for petroleum/plant fuel is aimed at, the paper grasped the situation of coal production/distribution/utilization and environmental problems, and analyzed the situation of the coal utilization/spread by industry including the commercial/residential use. The purpose of the survey is to work out a comprehensive master plan including Japan`s international cooperation for introducing the environmentally-friendly coal utilization system to Indonesia. Coal utilization systems, the introduction of which Indonesia should study in future, were picked up, according to the surveys in fiscal 1993 and 1994. In commercial/residential and small-scale industry sectors, needed is improvement of carbonization technology for production of coal carbonization briquette. Moreover, the introduction of bio-briquette should be studied in the future. In the power generation sector, studies should be made on the introduction of technology for SOx/NOx reduction and technology for coal ash treatment including the effective use of coal ash. For the introduction of coal boilers, the combustion mixed with bagasse, which is abundant in amount, is also necessary. In the coal production sector, coal preparation technology is studied, and a method to select the optimum process was proposed through the simulation. 76 figs., 43 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1980-07-01
This paper describes the achievements in fiscal 1980 of new energy research at the General Research Institute of Electronics Technologies using the NEDO's development expense. To optimize the heat and electric power composite solar system, analyses were performed on heat production, devices and materials, and economy of the whole experimental facilities of the original model. Fundamental researches are being made on crystalline silicon, thin amorphous film and compound semiconductor solar cells. The solar thermionic generation element producing equipment installed in the previous fiscal year has produced and tested different types of electrodes, and operated the modules for an extended period of time. Measurement data of solar beam in ultraviolet, visible and near infrared zones were processed statistically, whereas the research work has been completed in the current fiscal year, having established successfully the reference solar radiation. In the hydrogen manufacturing technology using high-temperature direct pyrolysis, fundamental discussions were given on effects of electric and magnetic fields on dissociation of steam, and diffusion and separation of hydrogen by using permeation membranes. For hydrogen fuel cells, trial fabrication and tests were continued on single cells by using mainly the high frequency sputtering process. Experiments were continued on a solid electrolyte fuel cell system. Researches are under way as comprehensive study on such technological seeds as power generation using ocean temperature difference, and superconduction magnets for energy storage (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
For solving the global warming problem and constructing the resource recycling society, a demand for highly recyclable light-weight Mg alloys is increasing for energy saving and recycling improvement, in particular, for automobiles and electrical appliances. However, use of Mg materials is limited because its poor workability. This research targets development of the material with a rich recyclability and a rich workability for forming complex shapes, and its working technology. Leading research was made on development of the continuous high-strain rate (more than 10{sup -2}/s) super- plasticity material forming process from raw materials to products of Mg alloys, and establishment of the production technology free from technological barriers. The research result showed that for the recognition of Mg alloy as low- environment load super light-weight industrial material, establishment of the composite resource-saving energy-saving production process including recycling and reusing is necessary at the same time as establishment of the high- strain rate super-plasticity material forming process. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
With relation to the coal of the Philippines, where the expansion of the use of coal as a substitute for petroleum/plant fuel is aimed at, the paper grasped the situation of coal production/development, the trend of coal import and domestic distribution, the coal utilization trend, and environmental problems, and analyzed the situation of coal utilization/spread by industry including the commercial/residential use. The purpose of the survey is to draw up a master plan for the introduction of the environmentally-friendly coal utilization system. As to the use of environmentally-friendly coal technology which should be adopted to the coal mining industry and commercial/residential sector, cited are the introduction of coal preparation technology and power transmission technology, and the development/spread of briquette as a firewood substituting fuel. In the electric power sector, the problem is the treatment of ash after combustion and the effective use. Relating to the treatment of flue gas, there is no installation at all of desulfurization facilities and denitrification facilities. In the cement industry sector, they wish to return fuel from heavy oil to coal. For it, it is necessary to study dust preventive measures. In the other sectors, coal hasn`t been used very much. An increase in coal demand is not expected also in the future, and big problems concerning coal haven`t occurred. 42 figs., 64 tabs.
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Microbial EOR technology; Biseibutsu EOR gijutsu no kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Taguchi, M.; Yonebayashi, E. [Tech. Research Center, Japan National Oil Corp., Tokyo (Japan)
1995-11-10
This paper describes attempts of establishing an oil recovery technology utilizing microorganisms and of aiming at improving the practicability of that technology. Fiscal 1994 has investigated effects of inorganic salts existing in reservoir beds and NaCl concentrations on proliferation of microorganisms and production of metabolites. The investigation was intended to discuss applicability of microorganisms to environments that are brought closer to actual field conditions. Furthermore, a core sweeping test using sandstone was carried out on the fiscal 1992 separated bacteria, the 4118 bacteria, that has high surfactant production capability. In addition, a sand pack was used to perform a flooding experiment under conditions of 50{degree}C and 50 KSC to evaluate functionality of microorganisms when environments in the reservoir bed are simulated with respect to pressures and temperatures. An oil recovering experiment was carried out using a sandstone with a diameter of 1.5 inches, a length of 1.0 foot and permeability of 600 md, and using Bacillus subtilis 4118 bacteria which attained the lowest interfacial tension among the bacteria examined. A recovery rate of 4.4% Sor was derived in the experiment. A recovery rate of 29.0% Sor at maximum was obtained when Bacillus licheniformis 18-2-a bacteria was supplied into a sand pack filled with silica sand. 20 figs., 7 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Inarida, S.; Ito, S.; Nakamura, K. [Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)
1995-09-20
A thyristor converter is superior to GTO converter from a view point of weight and efficiency. Therefore, the thyristor converter is the best answer for AC inverter rolling stock, especially for commuter and interurban trains, in the next several years. For a thyristor converter, it is very important to prevent the commutative failure even when the category voltage decreases, in order to continue regenerating operation to sustain the brake torque. In a conventional system, a series resistance is inserted between the thyristor bridge and LC filter where the DC stage voltage is decreased enough to keep the regenerating power. The conventional thyristor enables regenerating braking in the whole operational region, but result in low power factor and efficiency. This paper proposes a new regenerating method to improve the power factor and efficiency, which keep regenerating power with no series resistance and higher DC stage voltage. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the method. 4 refs., 14 figs., 1 tab.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1988-03-01
This research and development is intended to establish a basic technology related to high crystalline polymeric material that has dynamic properties comparable to metallic materials by single polymeric material as a structural material. Thick and large high-elasticity molded forms were obtained by searching poly-arylate material, and by developing such processing technologies as high-pressure injection molding, composite injection molding, and elongation fluidity molding. High-elasticity molded forms with uniform internal orientation were obtained by heating and molding liquid crystal polymers under high magnetic field. Solution molding was performed on a molecular composite consisting of rigid chains and soft chains, which was laminated and bonded to have obtained an isotropic form with as high elasticity as 54 GPa. In addition, high pressure powder formation of cross-linked polymers of di-acetylene system provided an isotropic form with sound wave elasticity of 23 GPa.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
For the purpose of reducing the coal consumption amount and reducing the emission amount of environmental pollutants, study of small stoker boilers in China was made in terms of sampling of the data on changes in boiler efficiency caused by combustion conditions and how to improve efficiency. As objects of survey, one boiler use plant in Beijing city and two in Taiyuan city, Shanxi province, were selected to make site survey on the state of installation and operational management of coal boiler. As a result of the actual measurement of boiler efficiency at the plants, the boiler efficiency was the maximum, about 76%, in Beijing city and the minimum, about 51%, in Taiyuan city. In China, the number of boiler with the Beijing city level was extremely small, and most of the boilers were the same as the Taiyuan city level. As a result of studying how to improve efficiency based on the survey results, the following were cited as the main measures for improvement: selection of coal by boiler type and supply of the secondary air, strengthening of the combustion management by controlling furnace pressure and air amount, etc. For the selection of coal, it is necessary to set up a system to be supported by the whole country or the whole department. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
Studies are conducted about the feasibility of the above-named technology in China, its energy conservation and environmental protection effects, and so forth. To be expected upon conversion of shaft kilns in China to fluidized bed kilns using this technology are energy conservation of approximately 30%; resultant reduction in greenhouse effect gas emissions, in the scattering of coarse particulates, and in NOx and SOx emissions, these in combination contributing to reduction in environmental pollution; stable production of high-quality clinker; preference to inexpensive fuels and the effective utilization of resources; reduction in the cement manufacturing cost; and so forth. On-site surveys were conducted at existing shaft kiln plants, and studies were made about conversion to fluidized bed cement kilns with a 1,000 tons/day capability. The conclusion was that the period of return on invested capital would be 3.94-8.98 years, dependent upon the degree of facilities renovation, showing the presence of high possibilities of a successful return on invested capital. It was estimated that the shaft kilns would bring about a yearly reduction of 840 tons of coarse particulates, 105 tons of SO{sub 2}, and 68,281 tons of CO2. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tanaka, T; Doi, T; Takashima, T; Ando, Y; Masuda, T; Fujii, T [Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba (Japan)
1994-12-01
Described herein are the results of the FY1994 research program for research on advanced solar components as part of research and development of solar thermal energy. The catalyst for liquid-film reactions is prepared, and the flask tests are conducted as the preliminary experiments for development of the reactor in which 2-propanol is fallen in liquid film over the catalyst dispersed to accelerate its decomposition. It is decomposable when fallen in liquid film even in the presence of 35% of acetone. The catalyst of ruthenium carried by activated coal is used to produce 2-propanol under an exothermic condition from acetone and hydrogen. Diisopropyl ether and 4-methyl-2-pentanone are produced as by-products, when the reactor tube is kept at 140 to 200{degree}C at the external wall, diminishing as temperature is increased. There is a temperature differential of 20 to 30{degree}C in the reactor tube between the center axis and external wall. 3 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1993-06-24
The above-named conference was convened on June 24, 1993, hosted by the Photovoltaic Power Generation Technology Research Association. The research achievement reports made at the event were 'Thermodynamic evaluation of boron in silicon' by Professor Sano of Tokyo University, 'Solar cell system payback time' by Professor Komiyama of Tokyo University, 'Delta-doped amorphous silicon solar cell' by Professor Konagai of Tokyo Institute of Technology, 'Interaction of silicon thin film and atom-state hydrogen' by Professor Shimizu of Tokyo Institute of Technology, 'Simulation of solar module characteristics' by Professor Saito of Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 'Manufacture of CuInSe{sub 2} thin film for solar cell' by Professor Kunioka of Aoyama Gakuin University, 'Solar cell material/process characterization by use of photoluminescence surface state spectroscopy' by Professor Hasegawa of Hokkaido University, 'Research on tandem solar cell using compound-on-silicon semiconductor crystal' by Professor Umeno of Nagoya University, and 'Efficiency improvement in amorphous Si/polycrystalline Si tandem solar cell' by Professor Hamakawa of Osaka University. (NEDO)
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Study on cobalt oxide; Sanka kobaruto ni kansuru kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-11-28
This is No.91 report of National Institute for Research in Inorganic Materials, concerning cobalt oxide. For the growth of single crystal by the Czochralski method, shape of interface and contamination of impurities are affected by the convection of molten liquid in the atmosphere. Various oxides besides CoO were investigated. Solid solutions of Cr2O3 and Al2O3 into CoO were also studied. Non-linear optic and dielectric properties of single crystals, such as Ba2NaNb5O15 and LiNbO3, were examined. It was considered that the positive electron having positive electric charge can be used for the study on the negative electric charge defect in materials. However, the positive electron itself is rare, which results in the too low efficiency of measurement. Efficiency improvement of 50 times was achieved by introducing a high performance 2D position detector, which was still low efficiency of one-hundredth compared with photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that the aggregation structure of positive ion defects in CoO is a misunderstanding of phenomenon caused by the electronic state in bulk crystals. As a result of the study on the optical properties of f-electron transition metals, transparent ceramics with addition of various rare earth ions were described. 162 refs., 106 figs., 14 tabs.
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Studies on silicon nitrides; Chikka keiso ni kansuru kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-10-31
Sinters of silicon nitrides have excellent properties as a structural material, but their technological repercussion effect is not as much as has been expected. The cause is in insufficient understanding on the mutual relationship between microstructures and mechanical properties. Therefore, methods of controlling structures were first discussed in the studies on synthesis of high-tenacity ceramics. In order to achieve high reliability in material strength, discussions were given on means to have a structure developed with high reproducibility. Development was performed on {beta} powder which shows no abnormal grain growth and is stable at elevated temperatures. Then, quantitative evaluation was made on factors to manifest a self-compounding structure with columnar particles grown in ultrafine particles. The relationship between its chemical composition, microstructure and mechanical properties was also discussed. Particle shapes of silicon carbides and their fracture tenacity values were considered theoretically by using a drawing model. To evaluate the microstructure, it is important to determine the grain boundary composition, whereas an electric field radiation type high-performance electron microscope was developed. In discussing the fracture mechanism, a model was structured for behavior of covalent binding crystals against external stress. 164 refs., 95 figs., 10 tabs.
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Study on apatite compounds; Apataitokei kagobutsu ni kansuru kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-11-28
To clarify the material properties of apatite compounds, the synthesis method, and the evaluation of physical properties of material and elementary technology were investigated. For the study on synthesis and crystal growth, a method of precipitating calcium phosphate on the surface of metal was investigated by means of relatively mild electrolytic method using liquid phase system. A new molding method of Ca defective apatite was established. Composite similar to vital bone was prepared by means of a new low-temperature sintering. For the study on chemical properties, from the model experiments, it was found that the self-organizing phenomenon, which is observed in the composite of apatite and collagen, happened between the organic single molecular film and crystal of apatite. For the study on evaluation of physical properties and elementary technology, the surface and interface of ceramics such as apatite were investigated by means of spectroscopy, the electronic state was analyzed by the quantum chemical calculation, and the crystalline structure was analyzed using X-ray equipment. 270 refs., 102 figs., 10 tabs.
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Study on electroseismic prospecting; Electroseismic tansaho ni kansuru kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Onaru, I [Kyushu University, Fukuoka (Japan); Irie, S [Mitsubishi Materials Corp., Tokyo (Japan); Tanaka, T; Mizunaga, H; Ushijima, K [Kyushu University, Fukuoka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering
1997-10-22
This paper illustrates the results of field tests conducted as a basic investigation of electroseismic phenomenon at the site of Kyushu University. The electroseismic phenomenon is a physical phenomenon in which electromagnetic response is derived by the incident elastic wave in the underground. According to Karl E. Butler, et al., mutual motion occurs between rock matrix and pore water by the propagation of P-wave in porous media. Spatial change in the water content per unit volume occurs, which is similar to the density change with the propagation of P-wave in elastic solid. Since the pore water with mobility can bring charges generated in the electrical double layer, the change in the water content agrees with the density change. Accordingly, domains of positive and negative overcharges are generated at the top of P-wave, which can be a current source. An electric field is generated between the domains. As a result of the field tests, it was confirmed that electromagnetic phenomena can be derived by the elastic waves. 2 refs., 8 figs.
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Biosensor. Recent research progress; Baiosensa. Saikin no kenkyu doko
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Matsue, T. [Tohoku Univ., Sendai (Japan). Faculty of Engineering; Yamada, H. [National Defence Academy, Yokosuka (Japan)
1995-11-20
Chemical sensor is made of up transducer that transfers the part and signal recognizing the measurement objects. Biosensor that normally transfers the amount of chemicals into electrical signal is a sensor in which living materials like enzyme, microorganism or antigen, antibody and so forth are used in the recognition part. Recently, the structure or the function of the living materials is clarified gradually with the significant progress in biofeedback, however, the synthesis of artificial material having same function as that of living materials is extremely difficult. Accordingly, it is very practical to develop high degree sensor function by using living materials with developed function in material recognition part, an important element of the sensor. In this report, solid state biosensor using electrode as a transducer is focused, and specially, recent research progress regarding the amperometric measurement which measures oxidation/reduction current is discussed. 35 refs., 8 figs., 1 tab.
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FY1995 research on humanoid; 1995 nendo humanoid kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
The future robot must be a sensor-complex with high intelligence and flexible mechanical body. The purpose of the project is to improve the basic technologies by making a prototype of the human-like robot to work with human using various communication channels such as voice, facial expressions, and motion of the head, eyes, arms and legs. The following basic technologies are successfully developed and two humanoid robots were built as the total systems. They can perform some physical works communicating with human. Moreover these robots were connected to ISDN network for the experiments of tele-robotics. 1. a environment and human face understanding using vision and audition. 2. a speech conversation under the ordinary room environment. 3. a human machine communication using gesticulations. 4. a flexible human-like robot head, arms and hands. 5. a biped walking using the dynamic balance control. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
Described herein are the results of the FY 1999 activities for the project of information exchange by researchers on environmental problems in the Asia-Pacific region. In 1999, the 6th International Workshop was held in City of Yokkaichi, Mie Pref., with the theme (Implementation of international collaborative researches on environmental technology) at International Center for Environmental Technology Transfer, with a total of more than 50 domestic and foreign attendees actively participating in the discussion. The keynote addresses were (Use of coal and environmental improvements) presented by Mr. Yoshisada Nitta, Director at Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, and (Potential of clean fuel from biomass) presented by Dr. Kyu-Wan Lee of Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology. The overseas surveys were conducted to promote the use and registration of the databases, and to identify problems by the on-the-spot investigations in Vietnam, the Philippines and Republic of Korea. At the same time, the mini-workshops were held for information exchange with the research institutes. It is keenly felt that Environmental Technology Research Network in the Asia-Pacific Region (ENTERNET-APR) works certainly in various areas, with the attendees in the last workshops serving as the key persons. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Konagai, M [Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Engineering
1994-12-01
This paper reports the result obtained during fiscal 1994 on research on interface of amorphous silicon for solar cells. In research on amorphous solar cells using ZnO for transparent electrically conductive films, considerations were given on a growth mechanism of a ZnO film using the MOCVD process. It was made clear that the ZnO film grows with Zn(OH)2 working as a film forming species. It was also shown that the larger the ZnO particle size is, the more the solar cell efficiency is improved. Furthermore, theoretical elucidation was made on effects of rear face of an interface on cell characteristics, and experimental discussions were given subsequently. In research on solar cells using hydrogen diluted `i` layers, delta-doped solar cells were fabricated based on basic data obtained in the previous fiscal year, and the hydrogen dilution effect was evaluated from the cell characteristics. When the hydrogen dilution ratio is increased from zero to one, the conversion efficiency has improved from 12.2% to 12.6%. In addition, experiments and discussions were given on solar cells fabricated by using SiH2Cl2. 9 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
Taking the area of the clean coal technology (CCT) effective for energy conservation and environment preservation as the object, a feasibility survey has been performed on executing a model project in India. About 70% of the total power generation capacity in India depends upon coals existing in abundance inside the country. Since the local coals are high in ash, low in sulfur, and low in calorie, the environmental problem related to thermal power plants is the disposition of fly ash. The Central Electricity Authority of India expects solving this problem by CCT introduction. It also expects increase in combustion efficiency by using ultra-critical boilers. The Indian cement industry often uses in-house electric power generation facilities because of high electric power cost, wherein the produced coal ash is used as a cement raw material. The matter of the strongest interest is the introduction of a high-efficiency combustion system that depends on low-grade coals. Among the CCTs, strong interest was shown in the fluidized bed cement kiln and the circulating fluidized bed boiler. The iron and steel industry has expectations toward effective coal washing technologies and coke manufacturing technologies. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
The paper investigated and studied the present situation and future trend of coal utilization and distribution in Thailand, and the present situation of environmental effects and the measures taken for environmental protection. Around 2010, coal will probably be produced only at EGAT`s Mae Moh (MM) coal mine. Demand for overseas coal is expected to be 40-50 million tons in 2011, and preparation of the coal center becomes a subject. For general industry use coal, pretreatment such as coal preparation, coal blending and briquetting is needed, considering coal quality, usage, transport distance and environmental effects. Brown coal of MM coal mine is a lignite with high sulfur, high ash content and low heating value. Wide spread of its use can be expected if upgrading is possible such as desulfurization, deashing, increasing heating value. In the electric power generation field, the absorber was installed at the existing boiler of the mine-mouth generating plant to conduct a verification test on high grade desulfurization of ultra-high sulfur lignite. In the industry field, the circulating fluidized bed boiler was adopted. In the residential/commercial field, introduction of briquette was proposed. 80 refs., 84 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Fujii, I; Kojima, S [Meiji University, Tokyo (Japan)
1997-11-25
A possibility of a new traffic system was studied for a solar car which is light in weight, small in size and low in speed (cruising speed: 20 km/h) and does not need so much power because of the use for short distance. In the new traffic system, people travel short distance in city by solar car, and use trains for travel between cities. By installing solar cells on roofs, etc. of houses and buildings such as garages around stations, power needed for solar car and incidentally required can be supplied. Assuming the short distance transportation, the car is for one person with a height of luggage space of 70cm, mean length of 165cm, and floor height of 50cm above the ground. In case that the power generation by solar cells (256.5W) is at maximum with no shading during travel on conditions of load weight of 10kg, personnel weight of 70kg, and total weight of 250kg, it was found that solar cells can supply 89% of the required output under test road travel at speed of 20 km/h. A viability of the solar car proposed here is great. A possibility at the time of mode road travel is also studied. 10 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
For improvement of living standards in unelectrified areas of Asia, the feasibility of new energy power generation systems was surveyed. The degree of electrification of local areas is different every country, and Thailand is ahead of other countries, while Laos and Cambodia are most unelectrified. Power supply of 100W/house seems to be adequate for local areas because of weather condition, housing situation and life-style. Economic support and education on electricity are necessary for poor areas. Although needs for new energy is increasing, the priority is given to industrial and urbanized areas because of cost and investment effects, and remote areas are dependent on grant- in-aid. Resources of photovoltaic, wind power and micro- hydraulic energies are abundant, however, selection of energy and verification of its usability are important, and the local energy density maps were thus prepared. In introduction of new energy, after selection of energy suitable for an area concerned, such geographical and social conditions should be surveyed as road condition, water rights, land utilization, economic support system, policy and intention of inhabitants. 76 refs., 68 figs., 91 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Adachi, T. [Japan Coal Energy Center, Tokyo (Japan)
1998-07-01
The paper described JCOAL`s project on the exchange of technical coal engineers of China. In the project on sending of engineers to China in the first term, coal mine engineers of Japan (Taiheiyo Coal Mine, Kushiro Works, Training Center) were sent to the Daitun coal-thermal power plant, Peixuan city, Jiangsu province, in September, 1997 to introduce the production control technology in Japan. They contributed to the heightening of productivity in coal mines in China. Eighteen Chinese participated in the training. Mechanization has been comparatively well in progress, and it was 83% in coal mining and 91% in drilling. The kind of coal is mostly a raw material coal. The stuff members are 30,000, and expert engineers are 4,200. The plant has an output of 130,000 kWh, owns its railroad, is run on the general multiple management, and is largely developing. The project on sending of engineers to China in the last term was carried out in February 1998 for tracing/confirming how the results of the training conducted in September are made the most of and if or not there is something bad and for obtaining the detailed data. A certain degree of promotion and effects were able to be confirmed. A project on training of the head, sub-head, etc. who were invited to Japan to lean production/management control was also carried out in November and December 1997. 1 tab.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Konagai, M [Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Engineering
1994-12-01
This paper reports the result obtained during fiscal 1994 on research on research on optimization of bandgap in thin film compound solar cells. In research on Cu(InGa)Se2 thin film solar cells by using a gas phase selenide making process, discussions were given on optimizing the following three processes: a process to raise temperature of a precursor film formed at a substrate temperature of about 150{degree}C, a selenide making process to perform annealing at about 500{degree}C, and a temperature reducing process. Good characteristics were obtained when selenium amount in the precursor is about 50%. In a bandgap control viewpoint, it was found that the conversion efficiency decreases rapidly when Ga composition is higher than 50%. A conversion efficiency of 14.9% was obtained to date at the Ga/(In+Ga) ratio of 0.4. In research on Cu(InGa)Se2 thin film solar cells by using a simultaneous deposition method, a conversion efficiency of 13.5% was obtained at a bandgap width of about 1.3 eV during research on manufacturing ZnO/CdS/Cu(InGa)Se2 thin film solar cells by using the simultaneous deposition method. Research has been carried out on manufacturing Cu(InGa)Se2 thin film solar cells using ZnSe interface layers. 8 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
A diagnosis survey was conducted for Japan to cooperate in researching subjects on technical development in developing countries. In fiscal 1996, surveys were made on the following: (1) establishment of the industrial base (Vietnam), (2) preservation of biological diversification and the continuous utilization (Brazil), (3) fostering of the industry of automobile parts (Thailand), (4) finding out of items on environment related fields (India), (5) environmental response type system for effective use of water resource (the Philippines), (6) small size geothermal exploration in remote islands (Indonesia). (1) is research cooperation for welding technology, powder metallurgy technology, hypoid gear manufacturing technology, and iron making technology by the direct reduction method. In (2), research/development are conducted in cooperation with research institutes in Brazil on survey/identification/utilization of bioactive substances from biological resources in Brazil. In (4), an examination was made of the seeds for research cooperation in technical fields such as environment and energy. Having a strong relation with the industrial circle, SCIR is carrying out researches on aerospace, petrochemical, biology, electronics, medicines/drug, etc., which indicated fulfillment of intellectual infrastructure in India. 52 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
1991-03-01
The paper outlines results of elementary study on the coal direct-use iron-making process and how to tackle with it in future. In the process coal and iron ores are used directly without prior treatments like coking and briquetting. The process is composed of three elements: smelting reducing furnace, preliminary reduction fluidized bed, gas reforming furnace. Making mathematical models as a means of study of the process, material balance and heat balance are calculated. Operational unit requirements are estimated, changing them in the range of 20-60% of the post combustion based on three fundamental processes each of which is composed of one or a combination of the three elements. The total cost is also trially calculated, estimating fixed cost including installation cost, etc. With no big differences in the iron-melting cost excluding by-products in each process, the cost may be reduced by 5-10% of that in the blast furnace process. The elementary study has continued almost satisfactorily and attained the expected target, though there still remain some problems. In 1990 the study started of a pilot plant with a 500t/day capacity. 12 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
For development of production technologies suitable for environment, safety and advanced information-oriented society by improving the flexibility of production lines, some new measurement technologies were researched. Problem solution was attempted by combining the in-situ multi-dimensional measurement technology capable of easily obtaining various 3-D information with the non-contact photon measurement technology superior in operability and sensitivity under any environment conditions. This solution requires a compact radiation source with higher brightness and wider spectral range, and a high-sensitive detector. The technology concentrating photon onto minute regions, high-efficiency transmission, and control technology of photon wave front are also necessary. Development and international standardization of a common interface is unavoidable. In addition, its network is essential for advanced use of multimedia,. In the future, the comfortable life surrounded by advanced products and multimedia, comfortable social environment, safety and resource saving will be achieved by this technology. 94 refs., 75 figs., 15 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
Gas hydrate is a clathrate compound in a gaseous molecule as the host, stable under relatively mild environments. It is deposited in the 600m or deeper sea bottoms to form the gas hydrate deposit and massively occurring in the sea areas around Japan. This deposit has been studied viewed from natural gas resources, causes for natural hazards and contribution to the global warming. This project excavates a well in the deposit, to study possibilities of the technologies for decomposing, fluidizing and lifting the hydrate as the gas source, and for establishing the natural gas transporting/mooring systems in which its characteristics are utilized. The R and D activities are directed to the 4 areas, (1) development of the exploration technologies to determine the deposit sea area, quantity and conditions, (2) development of the stable well-excavation technologies, (3) studies on the effects of gas production on the environments, and development of the system for predicting the effects, (4) and studies on the application systems. The item (3) finds out the transportation/storage system possibly more economical than the current freezing/liquefaction technologies. The item (3) has the development themes of evaluating the geohazards caused by excavation and gas production, and their effects on the ecological systems. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
For the purpose of developing an information system that has the hi-tech technology useful for China and high diffusion, joint research was conducted on the development of the model system and the demonstrative test, and the FY 2000 results were summed up. As to the synthetic materials flow information system, FIT/GAP analysis was made for improvement of the materials flow system and research development of additional functions. Relating to the education/culture/information system, made were the structural design of the remote education realtime system, development of the control use program, etc. Concerning the agricultural information system, it finished the stage of the investigational analysis/basic design and reached the stage of the detailed design/manufacture/initial experiment. About the forest fire-prevention information system, conducted were the design of the work application/technical support for the development in the department of forestry. As to the medical information system, image database and software of high speed image processing were developed. In relation to the environmental monitoring/flood monitoring information system, application software was developed for the forecast of disaster, assessment of disaster, relief decision-making support, etc. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
The trends of effective use of gas containing CO2 from natural gas fields are surveyed, and usable chemical substance manufacturing systems which utilize natural energy are investigated, evaluated and analyzed, to extract promising systems for effective use of CO2-containing natural gas and thereby to promote its effective use. Chapter 1 outlines possibility of integrated use of gas containing CO2 from natural gas fields and natural gas energy. Chapter 2 describes the research trends in the CO2 conversion reactions for using unexploited CO2 as the carbon source. Chapter 3 describes natural energy utilization technology applicable to gas containing CO2 from natural gas fields. Chapter 4 describes performance of chemical manufacturing systems utilizing natural gas containing CO2. The energy balances and CO2 emission coefficients are estimated, based on the above. The evaluation is implemented in the order of (1) conventional steam reforming, (2) steam reforming in which heat is supplied by a solar furnace, (3) examination of the exhaust gases from a methanol synthesis process, and (4) examination of CO2-mixed reforming. Chapter 5 describes summary and proposals. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-06-01
The paper surveyed the present situation and future trend of economy, energy supply/demand, coal production/distribution/utilization and the environmental effects in Thailand. The survey on the coal utilization and its environmental effects was partially requested of the environmental research institute in Thailand. The amount of coal utilization in Thailand rapidly increased to nearly four times as large as that ten years ago mainly in terms of domestic lignite under the government`s policy on expansion of the domestic energy use. However, most of this domestic lignite is low-grade coal with low calories and high sulfur content, and the use of it was rapidly increased mostly in power generation sector without no adequate environmental measures taken. This caused an environmental problem on air pollution due to sulfur oxides at Mae Moh power plant in the north several years ago, and the damages to the regional residents, etc. were given much publicity by journalism and developed the social problem. Accordingly, Thai people are now critical of the coal resource exploration and the coal use expansion. Under the circumstances, the Ministry of Industry and the energy related ministries/offices are obliged to review their development/promotion plans. 84 figs., 99 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
Grasping the present situation of coal utilization technology in the Philippines, the paper proposed a feasibility study of introduction of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system which seems to be needed in the future. (1) Introduction of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system in the electric power generation sector: there are only four full-scale running coal thermal power plants in the Philippines. In the future, several coal thermal plants are planned to be constructed by 2005, but for the new installation, it is desirable to adopt fluidized bed boilers with wide application to coal kinds. In case of 0.3-1.0 million MW class plants, it is planned to adopt high grade import coals, and it will be natural to fire pulverized coal. For the processing of flue gas, it is a must to install desulfurization facilities and smoke/soot removal devices. (2) Utilization/development of domestic low grade coals: at the mine-mouth generating plant, it is necessary to investigate the economically minable amount of coal, confirm productivity, survey coal quality, etc., and select boiler. As to coal briquetting technology, it is necessary to examine coal quality for tests and make a thorough study of what technology is most suitable. 50 figs., 78 tabs.
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Research study of conjugate materials; Conjugate material no chosa kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
The paper reported an introductory research on possibilities of new glass `conjugate materials.` The report took up the structure and synthetic process of conjugate materials to be researched/developed, classified them according to structural elements on molecular, nanometer and cluster levels, and introduced the structures and functions. Further, as glasses with new functions to be proposed, the paper introduced transparent and high-strength glass used for houses and vehicles, light modulation glass which realizes energy saving and optical data processing, and environmentally functional glass which realizes environmental cleaning or high performance biosensor. An initial survey was also conducted on rights of intellectual property to be taken notice of in Japan and abroad in the present situation. Reports were summed up and introduced of Osaka National Research Institute, Electrotechnical Laboratory, and National Industrial Research Institute of Nagoya which are all carrying out leading studies of conjugate materials. 235 refs., 135 figs., 6 tabs.
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Study of biogas storage; Biogas no chozo ni kansuru kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Fujii, I; Kimura, T; Umeda, H [Meiji University, Tokyo (Japan)
1997-11-25
Study was made on the storage method of a methane component in biogas mainly composed of CO2 and methane gases. Methane clathrate as molecular complex is one kind of clathrate compounds. Eight methane gas molecules are absorbed into 46 water molecules, or methane gas of 216 l is absorbed into water of 1 l, resulting in considerable compact methane storage. Although methane clathrate is usually stable only under a condition of low temperature and high pressure, its formation equilibrium shifts toward a low pressure/high temperature side by adding additives such as amine, ether and ketone. Acetone can shift formation pressure from 30 to 10atm at 1degC, and formation temperature from 1 to 10degC at 30atm. Although methane liquefaction is also an efficient storage method, it requires liquefaction temperature and pressure of -83degC and 45.6atm, respectively. The distance between methane molecules in clathrate lattice can be more shortened than that in high- pressure charged gas, suggesting higher storage efficiency. The study result showed that the handling of methane clathrate is possible around room temperature and pressure. 7 refs., 5 figs.
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Current status of acid fog research. Sanseimu kenkyu no genjo
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Murano, K. (National Inst. for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba (Japan))
1993-07-10
Acid fog research was behind in comparison with acid rain research. In case of acid fog, it is because the place generating sufficiently thick fog to collect is limited, the generating place is mountainous, its survey needs a lot of works, its collector is not convenient like in acid rain, or its sampling is difficult on its automation. Since the 1980s, an extensive survey on acid fog had been carried out centering the west coast of California, USA, and low pH fog (minimum pH 2.2) was observed. In the course of these researches, string type active fogwater collectors became a major sampling method, and the simulation of acidification of fog droplet in the atmosphere was extensively conducted. In Japan, already in the 1960s, field surveys on acid fog were conducted, in 1984 acid fog survey started on Mt. Akagi under a viewpoint of ecological impact, and there was a report that low pH fog (pH 3 to 4) continued more than 10 hours. It was pointed out that there were plant damage by acid fog in several locations, especially the tree mortality mechanism in Tomakomai was clarified. 50 refs., 10 figs., 6 tabs.
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Leading research on brainware; Nokino joho shori no sendo kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
Leading research on brainware is conducted to realize the engineering information processing based on the learning, memorization, association, intuition, value judgment, and motivation which are activities of human brains. For the highly integrated information society at the 21st century, it will be essential to establish human-like information processing technology which is considered to be difficult with the conventional computers. The R and D theme for this technology will focus on the development of novel devices and systems by eliciting the principles and key roles of information processing functions of the brain and in living organisms from both viewpoints of the science and engineering and the brain information science. It is considered that important research targets are in elucidating brain functions and the modeling and developing novel devices and systems, such as brain information architecture, neural devices, neural networks, and man-machine interface. Technical trend surveys in the USA, the UK, and Germany were also conducted. 347 refs., 58 figs., 7 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Shiraishi, F; Konishi, M; Shiraishi, H [Okumura Corp., Osaka (Japan)
1994-11-15
A discussion was given on the fundamental properties of mortar made from cement mixed with silica fume. Four kinds of silica fumes with different particle size distributions were used. The following results were obtained: distribution of pores in mortar admixed with silica fume shifts to the smaller radius side; while the admixture increases the compression strength in mortar, the increasing trend varies depending on the kinds of silica fumes; this is thought to be caused from the difference in pozzolan activity between silica fumes; and the strength increase is caused by densification of the structure due to the pozzolan reaction that is generated after hydration, or in other words, decrease in the pore volume. The applicability of the mortar was investigated as a filling mortar to fill up clearances between wastes. It was found that the filling performance can be controlled by mixing silica fume at an adequate level and adjusting the viscosity. The diffusion coefficient for the admixed concrete is smaller by 30% to one digit than that for the ordinary concrete. High-performance water stopping concrete of 0.11 {times} 10{sup 4}cm {sup 2}/s at maximum was obtained. The concrete can be regarded as a material having superb filling and water stopping performances. 6 refs., 4 figs., 5 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Research and development has been made on the 'conjugate materials (CM)' , the innovative materials in which ultra fine inorganic and organic structural units of molecular levels are introduced to be oriented regularly in glass matrix to respond to external force conjugately. The current fiscal year reported items having been made clear by further surveys and researches on CM as proposed by the fundamental surveys having been done as the second year. Section 1 summarizes significance of the research and development; Section 2 reports the result of the CM research and survey and the subjects related to application areas of CM; Section 3 reports the result of the CM market research performed newly in the current fiscal year; Section 4 reports the contents and result of the questionnaire survey to glass related small enterprises as to what interest these enterprises will have upon assuming that these CM products have been realized; Section 5 reports the result of surveys on patents and literatures related to photonics; and Section 6 states future problems in the CM research and development, and summarizes the future prospects of CM. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
A diagnosis survey was conducted for Japan to cooperate in researching subjects on technical development in developing countries. In fiscal 1995, surveys were made on the following: (1) recycling technology of biomass industrial waste in the tropical region, (2) small size geothermal exploration in remote islands, (3) waste water recycling system using activated carbon, etc., (4) upgrading of proofreading technology of measuring standards, (5) technology to simply set up conditions for forming engineering plastics, (6) assessment of safety of chemical substances. In (1), energy and useful matters are recovered from oil palm of Indonesia by thermal decomposition technology. In (2), a system is constructed which can effectively explore geothermal energy in remote islands in the east Indonesia. As to (3), a survey is conducted in the Philippines. (4) contributes to upgrading of length measuring standards in Thailand. (5) attempts to improve technology of forming engineering plastics. In (6), research cooperation is made for preventing environmental pollution and health damage by chemical substances from happening in Thailand and for technology for assessing safety of chemical substances which contributes to the proper use of the hazardous material law in Thailand. 28 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
For the purpose of supporting the heightening of capability of research institutes in the following 7 countries, China, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, India and Vietnam, exchanges/guidance/training were conducted by sending researchers from Japan and inviting researchers to Japan. Japanese researchers were sent for the following: cleaner technology in fiber dyeing finish (Thailand), 3 cases including the survey of the actual state of underground water pollution caused by harmful pharmaceuticals (the Philippines), 2 cases including the energy recovery in the fiber dyeing industry (Indonesia), making of energy management rules in the industrial field (Malaysia), spread of the photovoltaic power generation to areas where there is no electricity service in Tibet (China), 3 cases including the personnel development in the environmental management field of electric power companies (India), and 2 cases including the information exchange program in the energy conservation field (Vietnam). A total of 74 researchers were invited to Japan, that is, to the environmental protection training course of Japan. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
The report covers the fruits of researches into technologies of cold emission control and cold emission application conducted in fiscal 1998. In the study relative to the current status of cold emission control technology, emitter materials that govern electron emitting characteristics are discussed, such as metallic materials, silicon, carbon systems, semiconductors, liquid metal, etc. In relation with the application of semiconductor process technology, the tunnel emitter is taken up that utilizes the semiconductor tunnel cathode. In relation with the cold emission process, an emitter high in aspect ratio is described, obtained by the inductive emitter deposition method in which organic metallic gas is decomposed by an electron beam. In the study of the cold emission control system and instrumentation, the merits and demerits of control by MOSFET (MOS field effect transistor) are discussed. In relation with the technology of cold emission application, FED (field effect display) development and problems, current status of sensor technology and problems, RF application technology, application to power systems, etc., are mentioned. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1987-03-01
The studies on combinations of high-performance compression heat pump and chemical heat accumulation systems are conducted to construct the optimum systems for air conditioning/hot water supply for large-sized buildings and local districts, and also for industrial processes. For partial optimization of super heat pump (SPH) accumulation system, the SPH operational mode is changed to find the optimum conditions. As a result, it is found that system efficiency is the highest, and hence the power cost is the lowest, when the system is continuously operated night and day, followed by 2-night/1-day mode and night alone mode, in this order, for office building air conditioning, district air conditioning, and hot water supply. The effects of combination of SHP and chemical heat accumulation systems incorporated in an industrial process for heating are estimated. The results indicate that power load leveling effect is not 100% but 92%, even when the heat required for the daytime operation is totally supplied from the chemical accumulation system. The skeleton of the super heat pump accumulation system simulator is finalized, and the elementary system modules are developed, to allow simulation of general flows. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Surveys have been made on the characteristics of environmentally harmonizing automobiles, and the status of development and introduction thereof inside and outside the country. Discussions were given on the possibility of introducing electric automobiles in Japan. In developing environmentally harmonizing automobiles in Japan, works have been executed on low pollution type components such as lean burn engines, electric automobiles, gasoline engine and electric motor hybrid cars, methanol fueled cars, and fuel cell automobiles. Some of them are already in use in spite of their high price. In America, a cooperation project for the next generation cars has been implemented by mobilizing industrial, academic and governmental organizations. Based on the achievements thereof, the car makers have announced their original advanced cars respectively. In the EU, development of low exhaust gas cars and zero emission cars is being carried out jointly by the related industries setting years 2003 to 2005 as the target. An urban type traffic system utilizing electric vehicles, and a traffic system dividing movements of short distance and long distance are proposed as the means to introduce the future electric automobiles. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1995-03-01
The paper reports trends of energy, economy, and the environmental field in Vietnam. The economy of Vietnam has indicated a powerful growth in all the sectors for the first nine months of fiscal 1994. The amount of industrial products showed a growth of 12.2%, and the agriculture is supported by a growth in cash crop, despite of the damage to rice growing caused by the flood. The government announced that they expected a GDP growth rate of 8.5% in fiscal 1994 over the target of 8%. However, a hope that the government wants the inflation rate not exceeding 10% was already given up in October. The government holds a financial deficit totaling 636 million dollars. The government planned to supplement the deficit partially by increasing revenue and partially by support from overseas, but in both cases the fund was short. The trend in the finance/bank sector since August indicates that the money market is appearing. Vietnam established the foreign currency interbank market. Moreover, the government decided on establishment of the stock market up to the beginning of 1995.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
Research was made on large-scale wind power generation projects under planning or construction. Issues of the following 5 areas were arranged considering topographic, geographic and meteorological conditions, and the type of municipal corporations: Tomamae town, Hokkaido, Tachikawa town, Yamagata prefecture (third-sector), Hisai city, Mie prefecture, Otoyo town, Kochi prefecture, and Kishuku town, Nagasaki prefecture (third-sector). These projects are supported by MITI`s local new energy introduction promotion project subsidy started in fiscal 1997 covering a half of construction cost (within 200 million yen/year). Requirements for this subsidy are that an applicant is either a municipal corporation or a third-sector, and that a total generating capacity is not less than 1200kW. Another subsidy system covering 1/3 of construction cost and a debt guarantee system are prepared for large-scale private projects not less than 800kW. Hearing was made on some private projects in Esashi town, Akita city and Hasaki town. Technical requirements, specifications, guideline and some examples for system interconnection are also summarized. 10 figs., 24 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Yamamoto, H; Iwamoto, K; Saito, T; Tachibana, M [Iwate University, Iwate (Japan). Faculty of Engineering
1997-05-27
Methods to learn underground structures by utilizing the dispersion phenomenon of surface waves contained in microtremors include the frequency-wave number analysis method (the F-K method) and the spatial autocorrelation method (the SAC method). Despite the fact that the SAC method is capable of exploring structures at greater depths, the method is not utilized because of its stringent restriction in arrangement of seismometers during observation that they must be arranged evenly on the same circumference. In order to eliminate this restriction in the SAC method, a research group in the Hokuriku University has proposed an expanded spatial autocorrelation (ESAC) method. Using the concept of the ESAC method as its base, a method was realized to improve phase velocity estimation by making a simulation on an array shifted to the radius direction. As a result of the discussion, it was found that the proposed improvement method can be applied to places where waves come from a number of directions, such as urban areas. If the improvement method can be applied, the spatial autocorrelation function needs not be even in the circumferential direction. In other words, the SAC method can be applied to arbitrary arrays. 1 ref., 7 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
Researches have been made to increase density of 200,000-kW class generator and to increase capacity of 600,000-kW class generator necessary for putting superconducting generator into practical use. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 2000. In the study of increasing densities of superconductors and field windings, strands were fabricated, in which aging heat treatment conditions, number of aging, and processing degrees between each aging were varied, to increase the critical current of Nb-Ti strand, wherein as high critical current as corresponding to about 90% of the target was obtained. Possibility of increasing the critical current with the final processing degree in the range of 4 to 5 was verified from the relationship between the final processing degree and the critical current. In the study of increasing capacities of superconductors and field windings, findings were acquired on enhancement of conductor stability and reduction in AC loss, with regard to superconductor strands well balanced in the two elements. Prospects were obtained in achieving the AC loss of 200 kW/m{sup 3} in the targeted superconductor. The residual resistance ratio was found to be 200, showing sufficiently high value, and sufficient function was verified in the stabilized copper. In the research of design technologies, primary basic design was performed. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Muraoka, T; Oda, H; Yokokawa, C [Kansai University, Osaka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering
1991-11-07
Hydrogenolysis of different rank coals as Taiheiyo coal (75.7C%) and Pittston coal (85.4C%) were conducted in the presence of four kinds of catalysts (CuCrO4, Fe2O3+S, MoO3-TiO2 and MoS3-Al2O3) with an addition of tetralin as vehicle. The variation in viscosity in every reaction system was traced in the initial stage of the reaction by a torque meter attached to an autoclave. As a result, in every system, the torque decreased in the initial stage of temperature rise because of reduction of a solvent viscosity. The torque subsequently increased with temperature indicating two peaks before the following gradual decrease. In Taiheiyo coal, both peaks were low, and its coal conversion was more than 85%, while in Pittston coal, both peaks were sharp and high, and both subsequent torque reduction and coal conversion were smaller than those of Taiheiyo coal. 5 refs., 10 figs., 2 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
For the purpose of improving the production technology of plastic products in Saudi Arabia, the joint development was made of the formation technology/quality inspection technology of agricultural use and food packaging use polyolefin film optimum to environmental conditions of the site, in the light of the needs there, and the FY 2000 results were reported. In the field survey/joint study, for the xenon type weather resistant testing machine and the extruder of the inflation film forming machine which were transported from Japan, the following were carried out: confirmation of the situation of accepting them on the site, functional test of computer of the extruder, installation of the machine testing weather resistance, and the trial operation. In the domestic support study, the extrusion test at laboratory was conducted using the polyethylene resin produced on the site to acquire the basic data for formation stability. Further, the film formation test was made using the equipment with the same specifications as those of the equipment introduced to the site to study the performance of screw extrusion and the formation stability of film. Also conducted were the analytical test/quality evaluation of resin materials/film. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
The survey was conducted of the present situation of coal utilization and the present coal situation such as the environmental state of India which is a coal producing/consuming country next to China in Asia. The paper studied a feasibility of the introduction of the environmental friendly type coal utilization system` to be planned in India. The items for survey are the present situation of economy and energy and the future trend, environmental problems on coal utilization, the present status of the coal distribution system and study subjects, the present status of coal utilization by field and study subjects, a possibility of briquette use, a possibility of coal fluidization, electric power development plans and coal combustion technology in each industry, etc. The subjects are the obligation of coal preparation to coal thermal power plants 1000 km away from coal mines starting 2001, measures taken for effective ash use, measures taken for superannuated gas furnaces, etc. Based on the results of these site surveys and reports of the investigation under consignment from CMPDI, the paper studied/analyzed possibilities of introducing the coal utilization system having actual introduction results in Japan to India, and made an investigational report. 39 refs., 12 figs., 56 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
This survey arranged the status of coal utilization technology and the status of coal production, supply, etc. in Malaysia and Vietnam, examined/studied coal utilization systems in both countries, and finally assessed feasibility of introducing the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system. As a country of primary energy source which is abundant in crude oil, natural gas, hydroelectric power, coal, etc., Malaysia now depends on crude oil and natural gas for 80% of its energy, and places emphasis on exploration of natural gas and oil refining. In electric power and cement industries where coal is consumed, effectiveness and environmental issues in association with coal utilization are future subjects. In Vietnam, the north is abundant in hydroelectric power and anthracite, and the south in oil and gas resource, but the north and central districts are in a state of undevelopment. Coal is used for coal thermal power generation, cement industry, and residential/commercial fuel. In the future, effective coal utilization and environmental issues will be subjects. 16 refs., 38 figs., 75 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
The trends of effective use of gas containing CO2 from natural gas fields are surveyed, and usable chemical substance manufacturing systems which utilize natural energy are investigated, evaluated and analyzed, to extract promising systems for effective use of CO2-containing natural gas and thereby to promote its effective use. Chapter 1 outlines possibility of integrated use of gas containing CO2 from natural gas fields and natural gas energy. Chapter 2 describes the research trends in the CO2 conversion reactions for using unexploited CO2 as the carbon source. Chapter 3 describes natural energy utilization technology applicable to gas containing CO2 from natural gas fields. Chapter 4 describes performance of chemical manufacturing systems utilizing natural gas containing CO2. The energy balances and CO2 emission coefficients are estimated, based on the above. The evaluation is implemented in the order of (1) conventional steam reforming, (2) steam reforming in which heat is supplied by a solar furnace, (3) examination of the exhaust gases from a methanol synthesis process, and (4) examination of CO2-mixed reforming. Chapter 5 describes summary and proposals. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
The paper studied the solar energy use methanol synthesis using CO2 as raw material in the natural gas field with which a large quantity of CO2 is associated. This is a report on the FY 1999 survey. It was found that comparatively many natural gas fields containing CO2 exist also in Asia/Oceania regions. It was also found that when considering the climate and the transportation to Japan, Australia has more advantages in terms of the effective desert area, etc. and is the best site for solar system construction. Various solar concentrating/collecting methods now under development are roughly viewed to extract characteristics and developmental conditions. As to the reforming reaction furnace, it is necessary not only to absorb the world technology, but to develop Japan's original one. The conceptual design and assessment of the system were conducted. About the associated CO2, a limit of the concentration for use was estimated at 25%. In the study of elements of system structure, examined was the thermally combined simulation of heat flow and chemical reaction in the solar heat reaction furnace, and simple models were calculated and subjects were extracted. In a comparison with the conventional methanol synthesis method, this system was found to be excellent in conservation of fossil fuel resources and reduction in CO2 emissions. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
A potential study in FY 1998 was made of the energy/environment related activity implementation joint (COP3 related AIJ) in 6 Southeast Asian countries. Vietnam is a country which is the lowest in greenhouse effect gas (GHG) emission in the world, but they want the international assistance for their continued development and contribution to the global environment. Laos has to continue their economic development for extermination of poverty and improvement of life level. Accordingly, AIJ has to be the one that supports those and is helpful for both industrial development and environmental improvement. The same in Cambodia as in Laos, AIJ has to be the one that is helpful for both industrial development and promotion of environmental improvement. In Myanmar, GHG emits (CO2 conversion) 94.5% in the agricultural sector where methane is emitted from livestock and rice growing. There, the forest protection plays a big role. In Thailand, the use of land and forest protection are subjects mainly with the heightening of energy efficiency and fuel substitution. Malaysia, of course, promotes the economic development, has the leading GHG policy (traffic management in urban area, etc.), and wants the international technology transfer. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sato, K; Ichinokura, O; Jinzenji, T [Tohoku Univ., Sendai (Japan). Faculty of Engineering; Tajima, K [Akita University, Akita (Japan). Mining College
1991-04-30
This paper reports on a numerical analysis of transient response of an orthogonal-core type dc-ac converter that takes place when the external ac system connected is cut off from it. A model of magnetic circuit of the orthogonal core is presented, which has magnetic inductances to represent effects produced by hysteresis that are connected in series with magnetic reluctances, thereby making it possible to divide each of primary and secondary winding current into magnetization current associated with magnetic reluctances and iron-loss current due to hysteresis. Moreover, a numerical model of the orthogonal core is derived from expressions for non-linear characteristics of these reluctances and inductances to make use of it for analyses employing the circuit simulator SPICE. Transient response of the present converter, namely time variation of both voltage and current in its every part, to the sudden change in condition that is caused by switching off the ac system connected to its secondary side is calculated, while applying square-wave voltage to its primary side. It is noted that calculated wave forms of both secondary winding current and open-circuit voltage are fairly in good agreement with those obtained by an experiment performed on the same condition. 4 refs., 9 figs., 1 tab.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1982-03-01
This research and development program includes the conceptual designs of and simulation studies on the super heat pump energy accumulation systems, to realize 30,000 kW-class commercial-scale plant. The district air conditioning and hot water supply by the plant of the above size are studied for the domestic area, including houses, office buildings, commercial facilities, and accommodations. The results indicate that the system has both merits and demerits, and should be further investigated for improvement. The merits include reduced power consumption by the heat pump, because of its high efficiency, reduction in the running cost, and increased ratio of late-night power, and the demerits include increased power consumption by the pumps for the heat source, increased initial costs of the facilities, and increased space-related cost. The industrial plants studied for application of the super heat pump energy accumulation system are those for production of corn starch, distilled sake and diary products. The other items studied include analysis/evaluation of economic distance for carrying heat source water, and improvement of simulator functions. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1980-11-01
This paper describes a possibility of geothermal utilization in Tomakomai City. The Tomakomai area has an extremely great amount of hot water existing in deep layers, leading to a consideration that it is very highly possible to develop the hot water. As seen from the underground structure and ground temperature gradient in the Tomakomai sedimentary basin, the development depth would be considerably great, being assumed to be about 2,000 meters. The acquisition amount per well is estimated 100 m{sup 3}/hour or more at 65 degrees C. Rise in petroleum price in the future is an unavoidable fate, hence geothermal water utilization has a fully bright future. The water has relatively low temperature, and is effective for use in room heating, hot water supply, and agricultural and livestock industries. It is worth considering utilization as a local energy system. It has also large secondary effects. According to the latest trial calculation, the unit price for hot water for room heating and hot water supply would be 10 to 20 yen per 1,000 kilo-calories. If the same amount of hot water should be supplied from a boiler, fossil fuel of 20,470 kl/year would be required. If converted by using a kerosene price of 75 yen per liter, the cost would be 1.3 billion 35 million yen, comparatively higher than the geothermal water utilization. (NEDO)
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Research report on human media; Human media no chosa kenkyu hokokusho
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
The human multimedia technology corresponding to users` subjective characteristics was researched to realize information environment producing a sense of unity with human. The human media technology realizes a human sensitive information processing model and a common database easily acceptable sensitively by various users. This technology also should be able to fairly accept and transmit individual`s information and knowledge as multimedia information, and in addition it is required to supply a virtual space with presence. In fiscal 1995, the research committee studied the concrete developmental issue for integrating these advanced fundamental technologies, and as practical images planned the prototype systems such as human media interactive plant operation, supply of environment supporting personal intelligent activities, and virtual medical center. The research committee also discussed development of space mobile media to secure energy-saving and safety of automobiles, and an environment simulation system with participation of many people. 34 figs., 2 tabs.
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Studies on ternary silver sulfides; Fukugo gin ryukabutsu ni kansuru kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-10-31
Some sulfides containing silver show high ion mobility based on movability of silver, whose application is expected. Studies have been carried out centrally on synthesis of new compounds of ternary silver sulfides by elucidating the relationship among their compositions, structures and properties by means of crystal chemical studies mainly on their phase relationship. A few new compounds have been synthesized, such as the ones having the argyrodite family compound structure including transition metals. The synthesizing process takes a kind of turbulent liquid state structure at elevated temperatures because of movability of silver, but silver is fixed at low temperatures in different sites between skeleton structures made by other atoms. These studies on phase transfer, structures, and silver movability have been based on X-ray diffraction, infrared and Raman spectroscopic measurements, NMR, measurements of electric and thermal characteristics. For the studies related to compositions and structures of ternary metal sulfides which take compound crystalline structure, a structure analyzing method based on multi-dimensional hyperspatial groups was used. This paper reports the summary of the studies in seven chapters, and dwells on the remaining problems and future prospects. 158 refs., 114 figs., 65 tabs.
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Study of odor inside cars; Kuruma no nioi ni kansuru kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sato, S.; Ito, H.; Sakakibara, K.; Kaitani, K.; Hamada, C. [Toyota Central Research and Development Labs., Inc., Aichi (Japan); Matsuo, M. [Toyota Motor Corp., Aichi (Japan)
1998-05-01
This paper describes odor in automotive cabin. Odor of new cars is rapidly disappeared during the use. This is greatly due to the adaptation of olfaction. The generation of odor is also decreased. It was found that aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons were rapidly disappeared. Decrements of oxygen containing and sulfur compounds were low. For amines, high boiling amines increased after three months. The odor component from crews was derived from the exhalation. Trimethylamine, methyl sulfide as well as iso-prene were detected. They could be derived from tobacco smoke, perfume and hair conditioner. Exhaust gas of diesel vehicle going ahead is one of unpleasant odors from the running atmosphere. A correlation coefficient 0.77 was obtained between the stimulation and aldehyde/ketone. A correlation equation was deduced using stimulation, discomfort degree and odor characteristics as object variables and using logarithms of trace analysis values as explanation variables. There are still a lot of unknown issues concerning combined odors. 9 refs., 9 figs., 1 tab.
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Study of the metamorphic belts and tectonics; Henseitai kenkyu to tectonics
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Watanabe, T. [Hokkaido University, Sapporo (Japan)
1997-10-25
Study of metamorphic belts and tectonics is introduced. Minerals supposedly originating in the transitional zone and the lower mantle, that is, inclusions in diamond in kimberlite, are deemed to carry information about the depth level of 670km and lower. The place of origin of peridotite, Alpe Arami of Switzerland, is again estimated at a level of 300km or deeper. In the tectonic cross section in this region, the oceanic crust is bent and folded, and such a structure enables the supposition that fragments off the transitional zone may be carried upward to the ground surface. This region is now being limelighted, with plume tectonics enjoying popularity. The split of Pangaea is related with the ascent of plume. In the eastern part of Australia, there are alkali rocks attributable to the plume that was supposedly active at the end of the Proterozoic. Zircon U-Pb dating by SHRIMP offers a new approach to the tectonics of metamorphic rocks, and is reinforcing the position of metamorphic petrology relative to the study of collision and split of continents. 64 refs., 10 figs.
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Study and simulation of human interface; Human interface kenkyu to simulation
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Nishitani, H. [Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara (Japan)
1996-10-05
Validation researches have begun about the interrelationship between systems and human beings using a virtual-reality plant environment. This article introduces some recent studies about the human interface in an operation control system in a virtual-reality environment. The evaluation of a system from the viewpoint of ease of use is called a usability test, to which a psychological protocol analysis is applied for finding out problematic points by carefully observing the operator actually operating the system. For instance, in a boiler plant simulator constructed for DCS training, the operator is given some tasks, such as the prediction as to how a certain event will develop, probing of the cause of anomalies, and execution of related operations. Video cameras are installed at various spots for the minute observation of facial expressions and behavior of the operator, and the operator`s recognition, thought, behavior, and utterances, expressed by the operator facially or verbally, are recorded and analyzed, and the results are utilized for system improvement and operator training. 3 refs., 2 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1977-07-01
This paper describes achievements in research and development of new energy technologies (the Sunshine Project) in fiscal 1997 at the General Research Institute for Electronics Technologies. In spectral radiance measurement of solar beam, the measurement is continued in ultraviolet and visible ray zones to accumulate and analyze the data, and a near infrared zone measuring device is completed to start the measurement. In solar heat power generation, studies are made on models, devices and materials, and discussions are given on their systematization. Fundamental studies are also being made on solar cells to pursue economical and technological feasibility of solar beam power generation systems. Fundamental studies are being performed to realize thermal electron power generation systems utilizing solar furnaces. Studies are being carried out to elucidate fundamental conditions for a hydrogen manufacturing method using high-temperature pyrolysis of water at 1,000 degrees C or higher. High-temperature solid electrolyte fuel cell elements are fabricated on a trial basis to elucidate the technological problems therein. Energy systems are identified as the sum including the mutual relationship between societies and nature to study optimal systems. Energy conversion utilizing low temperature differential (especially in marine application) is being discussed. The paper also describes studies on super-conducting magnets for energy storage. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1993-03-01
For contribution of suggestions for establishing directions and concrete tasks for new industrial technology research and development projects, a survey is conducted about trends of industrial technology development and into research domains where importance will gather in the future, for which development trends are studied such as limiting, providing of intelligence, and advanced composition. In this report, domains expected to become important in the future are investigated. Important subjects are found in the domains of the space limiting (micromachining, atom/molecule manipulation, microanalysis, etc.), the time limiting (super-spacetime processing, quantum device, femtosecond technology, 4-dimensional device, etc.), biomimetics and providing of intelligence (intelligent material, neural network, genetic algorithm, artificial life, sensor fusion, intelligent robot, etc.). In addition to these, 'ultrastructure that learns from organisms,' 'intensive interaction system,' and 'nonlinearity/chaos technology' are proposed as promising fields of development. Since Japan is traditionally strong in hardware technologies relating to micromachining and substance/material processing, good results will be attained when the industrial, governmental, and academic circles exert endeavors. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
Studies were conducted on actuator function in bio materials, cells, structures, and living organisms, and on structuring a biological molecule machine. In the study on soft biological structures, biological compatibility of artificial glass bodies using ultra-polymeric PVA was found very high, raising expectation on feasibility of their practical use. Three-dimensional structure of glass bodies was made clear for the first time in the world. As a result of separating and purifying cells from a liver for the first time in the world, it was indicated that excellent proliferation performance and differentiation into cells are shown. With regard to hydroxyapatite in hard biological structure such as bones and teeth, single crystals were synthesized, and growth rate on the surface C was measured successfully. For molecular motors, studies are being performed on functions of twin-head structure in biological protein enzyme. In molecule structuring, studies were conducted on preparation of a hydrogenase LB membrane as an electric-hydrogen energy conversion element, and structuring of protein molecular structure using gene recombination. 69 refs., 37 figs., 8 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1993-03-01
For contribution of suggestions for establishing directions and concrete tasks for new industrial technology research and development projects, a survey is conducted about trends of industrial technology development and into research domains where importance will gather in the future, for which development trends are studied such as limiting, providing of intelligence, and advanced composition. In this report, domains expected to become important in the future are investigated. Important subjects are found in the domains of the space limiting (micromachining, atom/molecule manipulation, microanalysis, etc.), the time limiting (super-spacetime processing, quantum device, femtosecond technology, 4-dimensional device, etc.), biomimetics and providing of intelligence (intelligent material, neural network, genetic algorithm, artificial life, sensor fusion, intelligent robot, etc.). In addition to these, 'ultrastructure that learns from organisms,' 'intensive interaction system,' and 'nonlinearity/chaos technology' are proposed as promising fields of development. Since Japan is traditionally strong in hardware technologies relating to micromachining and substance/material processing, good results will be attained when the industrial, governmental, and academic circles exert endeavors. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Saito, T [Tokyo Univ. of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Technology
1994-12-01
This paper reports the result obtained during fiscal 1994 on research on surface passivation of high-efficiency silicon solar cells. In research on carrier recombination on SiO2/doped silicon interface, measurements were carried out on minority carrier life with respect to p-type silicon substrates with which phosphorus with high and low concentrations are diffused uniformly on the surface and non-uniformly on the back and then oxidized. The measurements were performed for the purpose of evaluating the carrier recombination at p-n junctions. Effective life time of oxidized test samples increased longer than that of prior to the oxidization as a result of effect of surface passivation contributing remarkably. In research on reduction in carrier recombination on SiO2/Si interface by using H radical annealing, experiments were conducted by using a method that uses more active H-atoms. As a result, it was revealed that the reduction effect is recognized at as low temperature as 200{degree}C, and photo-bias effect is also noticeable. Other research activities included analytic research on minority carrier recombination on micro crystalline silicon/crystalline silicon interface, and experimental research on evaluation of minority carrier life of poly-crystalline silicon wafers. 6 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
The contents of the research and development performed in the current fiscal year are as follows: (1) research and development for exploration, (2) research and development on drilling technologies, (3) investigative research on an environment influence evaluation method, and (4) investigative research on a utilization system. In Item (1), element analysis data are used to study a method to estimate production environment of hydrate ore beds by using an inorganic ion analyzer and a trace amount element analyzer, the crust thermal flow measuring method is used to discuss a method to analyze the hydrate stability zones together with the data of sea area exploration records, and conceptual design is made on a resource potential evaluation system. In Item (2), experiments and analytical discussions are performed on decomposition control of the gas hydrate solid-liquid interface according to such conditions for the drilling fluid as temperatures and flow rates. Elucidation is given on the initial process of bubble generation for behavior of decomposed gas bubbles. Observation and elucidation are made on two-phase flow behavior of non-Newtonian fluid. In Item (3), conceptual design is carried out on a system to detect elements of shape change in each bed due to fluid movement in a gas hydrate bed and an upper bed. In Item (4), discussions are given on the optimizing conditions for generation and dissociation of gas hydrates. Investigation is made also on a possibility of the transportation and storage system. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
For the purpose of contributing to working out a master plan for the introduction of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system in the Philippines, analysis was made of the state of coal use/the state of spread by industry mostly including the electric power industry, cement industry and residential/commercial use fuel sector. In the Philippines, the amount of coal use has rapidly been increasing since coal-fired power plants started operation. For the promotion of the use of domestic coals, it is important to reform low grade coal. Moreover, the technology is required which copes with the reinforced regulation against SOx emissions. In the cement industry, coal and coal ash have not yet been effectively used. Therefore, the following measures should be taken to increase the competitive force: energy conservation measures, reinforcement of environmental measures such as dust prevention, and effective use of the fly ash emitted from power plants. In general households and small-/medium-sized industries such as tobacco drying, they still use a large amount of charcoals and firewood, which is approximately 86% of the residential/commercial use energy. There is a growing tendency for the development/spread of coal briquette as substituting energy. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
For the purpose of working out a comprehensive master plan for application of the coal utilization system, the paper surveyed and studied the coal utilization system in terms of environmental measures and efficiency improvement in the utilization of coal. As a result of the discussion with NEDO and the National Planning Committee of China, Liaoning Province (the whole China) and Shenyang City were selected as a model area and a model city for the survey and study. As energy conservation measures taken in the former, desirable are intensifying/capacity-increase of boilers, kilns, etc. and adoption of new-type/high-efficient equipment. Also expected are reinforcement of combustion control and improvement of efficiency by using coal preparation, industrial use coal briquette, etc. Measures taken in the latter are the same as those taken in the whole China. As SOx reduction measures for Liaoning Province, desirable is installation of dry-type desulfurization equipment and simple desulfurization equipment. As dust prevention measures for it, desirable is installation of electrostatic precipitators or high-functional bag filters. SOx reduction measures for Shenyang City are the same as those taken in the whole China. SOx can be reduced by using coal-prepared low-sulfur coal and industrial use coal briquette added with desulfurizing agent. 88 figs., 163 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
Judging that in the beginning of the toxicity test, the necessary information/knowledge are acquired not by using animal itself but only by using liver system (hepatocyte), the development was proceeded with of the hepatocyte chip substituting for the animal experiment. Studies were made in the following five fields: 1) design of functional matrices; 2) development of the pharmacological assessment technology; 3) development of cell sensing technology/biosensor fabrication; 4) study of a possibility and the limit of cell patterning technology; 5) survey of the market scale. In 1), studies were made of the establishment of the 3D culture method for hepatocyte and the construction of hepatocyte models for medicine assessment using pieces of liver. In the latter, by including capsule using the sugar introduced with galactose residue which is special sugar of hepatocyte to alginic acid and chitosan which are natural polymer and also hepatocyte isolated into sponge, aggregate was formed, and its use as a medicine assessment use liver model was tried to be made. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1982-05-01
Summarized herein are R and D results of the researches on the chemical heat storage systems, plant simulation techniques and combined systems, and international technical exchanges, for R and D of the super heat pump energy accumulation system. For the high temperature heat storage type (utilizing ammonia complexes), the initial research targets are almost attained, as a result of the designs of a chemical heat storage unit having heat storage capacity of 1,000 kWh. For the high temperature heat storage type (utilizing hydration reactions), a 25 Mcal-scale pilot partial test unit is operated, to study applicability of the practical materials and other operation-related themes. For the low temperature heat storage type (utilizing hydration reactions by solute mixing), a pilot system is operated, to attain heat recovery of 75% or more, heat storage density of 30 kcal/kg or more, and output temperature of 7 degrees C. For the low temperature heat storage type (utilizing clathrates), the evaluation tests by a pilot plant produce heat recovery of 93.2% and heat storage density of 32.0 kcal/kg. In addition, the R and D efforts are directed to, e.g., researches on plant simulation techniques and combined systems. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Superconductive technologies are introduced into electric power devices for attempts of achieving higher stabilization, density and efficiency, as well as size and weight reduction and improvement in performance of the devices. The project has been worked on since fiscal 1998 as part of the New Sunshine Project. Fiscal 1998 being the eleventh year has taken the following subjects as the research promotion policies: establishment of plans targeted at accomplishment of the goals of the project; adequate and reliable implementation of verification of technological assignments; and steady and efficient demonstration tests. Subsequent to the previous year during which site demonstration tests were completed on a low-speed responsive model machine, the site demonstration test has begun on the ultra high-speed responsive model machine as the final stage of the project. The ultra high-speed responsive model machine was coupled with a freezing system and a load synchronizing machine, and different kinds of test were carried out where good results were obtained. Researches were conducted on characteristics improvement and device element technologies aimed at achieving the practical application level by utilizing the respective features of AC metal-based wires and oxide-based wires, where sound results were obtained. Also in an improved freezing system, valuable data were attained as part of establishing the basic technologies for a superconductive power generation system. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1982-05-01
Summarized herein are R and D results of the super high performance heat pumps and elementary equipment, for R and D of the super heat pump energy accumulation system. For R and D of the super high performance compression heat pumps, the R and D efforts are directed to tests and evaluation of the pilot plant for the highly efficient type (for heating only), which produce the results of COP exceeding the target of 8; to tests of the anti-corrosion measures for the aluminum heat exchangers for the highly efficient type (for cooling and heating), by which the effective inhibitors are selected. The hybrid systems of the super high performance compression heat pumps and chemical heat storage are also studied in detail. The R and D efforts are directed to construction and operation of the hybrid heat pump system to collect underground heat for the high temperature type (utilizing low temperature heat source), which produce the results of confirming possibility of efficient heat collection for extended periods; and to improvement, construction on a trial basis and operation of the high-speed reciprocating compressors and steam superchargers for the high temperature type (utilizing high temperature heat source). For R and D of the elementary equipment, tests and evaluation are conducted for the EHD heat exchangers which use R123 as the new working fluid. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
Efforts are exerted to develop a system for massive and rapid identification of unknown genes through the utilization of techniques based on the unusual membrane fusion characteristics of HVJ (hemagglutinating virus of Japan), which enables the introduction of genes efficiently and uniformly into cultured cells and living organs (development into a kit). Activities are conducted in the three fields of (1) the development of a method for introducing genes using an HVJ envelop vector, (2) a survey of kit marketing and cold storage facilities in the selling and distribution of the kit, and (3) a comprehensive survey. In the field of (1), studies are conducted for the establishment of methods for HVJ envelop vector production and refining, the establishment of an optimized method for encapsulating genes into the HVJ envelop vector, and the introduction of genes into cultured central neurons using the HVJ envelop vector system. A refining method has been established, which comprises the inoculation of HVJ into eggs, 4-day culture, egg cutting, liquid sampling (chorioallantoic liquid), inactivation (addition of alkylating agent), filtration, enrichment (ultrafiltration), and an anion exchange chromatogram. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
This paper summarizes the general survey mainly conducted by FCRA (Fine Ceramics Research Association) in fiscal 1996, and the joint research results with some universities, from some R and D on synergy ceramics. Silicon nitride based ceramics expressed the same high thermal conductivity as metal by seed crystal addition, grain growth control and orientation control of sheet lamination. For its practical use, study was made on control factors of material, formation and sintering. Ca2Y2Si2O9 single crystal was prepared by float-zone method to determine its crystal structure. No volume change due to high-temperature phase transition as thermal expansion was found. In carbothermal reduction- nitridation of SiO2, addition of Si3N4 seed powder increased a reaction rate and formed uniform particles with an isotropic shape. An average particle size was dependent on the size and number of fine particles in seed powder. Addition of both Si3N4 and Fe compound could change a particle shape from a spherical grain to an elongated grain. A spherical Fe-Si metal grain was found on the tip of an elongated grain. 66 refs., 73 figs., 13 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
For the purpose of establishing preventive measures for water contamination in the Laguna de Bay region, the Philippines, where the water contamination is in progress and the eutrophication is feared, a research cooperation project was carried out on the water quality contamination monitoring technology (measuring method/analysis method/prediction method). In the survey of the state of generation of toxic/hazardous waste, the following were grasped based on the existing data: amount of use of toxic/hazardous substances in factories, state of generation of waste, situation of the processing/disposal, etc. In the detailed survey of the situation of pollution in the Laguna de Bay region, specimens of water quality and bottom material were collected from the lake and rivers thereinto, and qualitative/quantitative analysis of contaminants was made using atomic absorption spectrophotometer and gaschromatograph mass spectrometer. As to the evaluation of pollutant sources and control method, the paper conducted the introduction of measures generally taken against pollutant sources, study of a method to grasp the behavior of contaminants by the environmental assessment method for the closed water area, etc. The training was also conducted for researchers/engineers widely in charge of management of toxic/hazardous waste in the Philippines. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
With an objective to promote exchange of industrial technologies, investigations and analyses were made on identification of the current status of networking organizations in different countries working as windows for industrial technology exchange, and on the actual status of technology commercialization methods in overseas incubators. Activities were taken in the following three fields: 1) the current status of networking organizations and incubators in different countries, 2) typology of technology commercialization, technical fields, and success factors, and 3) possibility of the use of technology information in the networking organizations. In Item 1), investigations were performed on the current status and actual activity status of the networking organizations including research parks and individual incubators intended of information exchange, mainly in the United States, UK, and Finland. In Item 2), considerations are given on the points related to technology incubation based on the information about the networking organizations and incubators in each country, and the way the industry-academia cooperation should be. In Item 3), discussions were given on the roles of the networking organizations and the possibility of utilization of technological information in the networking organizations in Japan. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
Proposals have been made for the establishment of a network (ETERNET-APR) linking those involved in the research and development of environmental technology in the Asia-Pacific region in order to limit the environmental impact of industrial activity. By pursuing active exchanges of information and personnel, researchers in environmental technology in the Asia-Pacific region have been making serious efforts to establish such a network. This fiscal year, the Internet Web site of the ETERNET-APR has been created using the data collected to date. This database includes information on some 350 researchers and 200 research projects from seven countries. The first international symposium was successfully held at Environmental Research Institute of Chulalongkorn University in Thailand (ERIC), hosting 200 environmental researchers from 10 countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Tripartite sister laboratories ties among the National Institute for Resources and Environment (NIRE) and three Korean laboratories were forged. The sister laboratory project between ICETT and ERIC is also proving effective. These successes prove that intraregional joint research, the objective of ETERNET-APR, has begun to take shape in this year
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
With the purpose of sharing environmental technology information of the APEC countries, the homepage structuring was commenced linking and systematizing the home pages owned by governments, institutions, enterprises, etc., as the APEC Virtual Center (APEC-VC) project, with the fiscal 2000 results reported. In creating the homepage contents, in order to disseminate more useful information for the developing countries, 'Environmental Technology Cooperation for Developing Countries' as the original contents was prepared. In building a search engine, for the purpose of improving convenience for website users of the Virtual Center, APEC VC Japan created a retrieval system on the site. In overseas investigation, the researchers visited local plants to grasp problems and the needs by enterprises and organizations on water-pollution, waste treatment and the like, with the purpose of reflecting the investigation result in the website. In addition, the researchers visited APEC VC coordinators and/or contact points to exchange opinions with the view of expanding the network. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
With the purpose of sharing environmental technology information of the APEC countries, the homepage structuring was commenced linking and systematizing the home pages owned by governments, institutions, enterprises, etc., as the APEC Virtual Center (APEC-VC) project, with the fiscal 2000 results reported. In creating the homepage contents, in order to disseminate more useful information for the developing countries, 'Environmental Technology Cooperation for Developing Countries' as the original contents was prepared. In building a search engine, for the purpose of improving convenience for website users of the Virtual Center, APEC VC Japan created a retrieval system on the site. In overseas investigation, the researchers visited local plants to grasp problems and the needs by enterprises and organizations on water-pollution, waste treatment and the like, with the purpose of reflecting the investigation result in the website. In addition, the researchers visited APEC VC coordinators and/or contact points to exchange opinions with the view of expanding the network. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sato, K [Tokyo Univ. of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Technology
1994-12-01
This paper reports the result obtained during fiscal 1994 on research on a technology of low temperature deposition of polycrystalline thin films for solar cells. This research used ITO coated glass substrates, on which CdS was accumulated to a thickness of about 100 nm by using the CBD process, and over this deposition a CuInSe2 film was formed at 300{degree}C by using the ion cluster beam (ICB) process. The manufactured solar cells with a glass/ITO/CdS/CuInSe2/Au structure had an efficiency of 2%. In manufacturing a CuGaSe2 thin film by using the ICB process, effects of acceleration voltage relative to cluster beams and ionization current were investigated. It was found that the film morphology, the result of analysis by using X-ray diffraction, and the electric conductivity are sensitive to the ionization current. From these findings, an optimum film forming condition was derived. A CuGaSe2 thin film was manufactured by using the ICB process over a Cds thin film deposited by using the CDB process. Both of the surface morphology and X-ray diffraction patterns of the film did not show a large change, indicating a possibility of manufacturing cells with a reverse structure. Effects of heat treatment on CuInSe2 monocrystals were evaluated by using ESR and FTIR. 6 figs., 1 tab.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1994-05-01
The ceramic gas turbines (CGT's) for, e.g., cogeneration and portable power generation systems are studied and evaluated for their environmental preservation, energy saving and economic characteristics. Types of utilization and market sizes are also studied for, e.g., portable power generation systems. The items studied include current status of cogeneration systems in USA, and recognition of cogeneration systems in Japan. The study results lead to the conclusions that the biaxial CGT for portable power generation systems is a promising substitute for diesel engines as the power source in the future, and 300kW class CGT's will have the markets of 170,000 units and potentially 450,000 units, because of their expected wide applicability. The studies on their economic, energy-saving and environmental load reduction effects indicate that one unit brings the economic effects totaling 616,000 yen, due to reduced fuel consumption and NOx abatement. They could reduce NOx emissions by 8,090 t/y for automobiles and 6,570 t/y for the others, when they fill the potential markets. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
Five themes were taken up for a project of the 'surveys and researches to excavate international joint researches related to industrial technologies'. Investigation groups were organized and dispatched for each theme toperform domestic and overseas surveys. Discussions were given on eachtheme for the possibilities of structuring international joint researches. The five themes are as follows: 'wearable information network related technologies', wherein technologies to micronize information devices have been advanced rapidly, and the technologies are entering the age from personalizing and mobilizing the information into the wearable computing; this theme is intended to develop systems to unify these technologies by means of international joint researches: 'surveys on using unutilized animal oils and fats as chemical raw materials', which are intended to make clear possibilities and problems in utilizing animal oils and fats as raw materials for the chemical industry that can substitute fossil resources: 'international joint researches on new glasses' and 'processes to manufacture semiconductors using glassy carbon' to develop glassy carbon having excellent chemical resistance substituting quartz: and 'international joint researches on the Russian project which places environment and energy in its center'. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)
1994-12-01
This paper reports the survey results on the specific purpose modules for photovoltaic power generation in fiscal 1994. (1) On the feasibility survey on new application fields, it was clarified that photovoltaic power generation is applicable to extensive areas such as farmland, road, railway and public facility as latent demand sites. (2) On the optimum modules for various specific purposes, the structure, production method, cost estimation and issues of various modules were studied for desert, wasteland, coast, ocean, river, embankment, railway, road, mobile facility and arcade. (3) On the survey on new materials and material development, various conventional materials and materials promising for required performance were surveyed for every application. (4) On the survey on technology trends, the survey members participated in the first international photovoltaic energy conversion conference and the photovoltaic power generation workshop, while the members held the 1st-5th specific purpose module subcommittees. 1 tab.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
A workshop was held concerning technology transfer in the software of environmental technologies, for the purpose of contributing to CTI (Climate Technology Initiative), an international framework for dealing with technological problems in preventing climate change, with the results of the workshop compiled. The workshop was held for a period from September 10 to September 23, 2000; the contents were, for example, an outline on energy conservation, introduction to cleaner production, lectures on related technologies, seminars on actual cases including case studies, factory tours, etc., and discussion session by all participants; and, in general, the workshop was conducted so as to promote understanding on cleaner production and energy conservation. Four lecturers were invited to this workshop from an international organization, U.S. and Japan. In addition, two staff members and two technical consultants from ICETT (the International Center for Environmental Technology Transfer) gave lectures and advice as technology advisers. Three environmental specialists were invited from each of the five countries, China, Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines, and Vietnam. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
For higher-efficiency power generation cycle plants with less restrained conditions for a location, the conceptual design of an inter-cooled regenerative two-fluid cycle plant (ISTIG) was attempted using a modified aircraft gas turbine. A high-performance turbo fan engine is used for middle-class power generation. The first stage combustion gas drives the first stage turbine, and its exhaust gas is used for the second stage combustion. Because of two-axial type of high and low pressure, improvement of thermal efficiency is expected by easy-to-install inter-cooler. ISTIG superior in operability is suitable for medium load or distributed power generation facilities, and aims at higher efficiency of a 60% level. ISTIG includes a large amount of water vapor in combustion air by adopting a diffusion type combustor eliminating back fire, and can reduce exergy loss by preheating fuel gas. Since load of the high-pressure turbine shifts toward low-pressure one by the inter-cooler, some considerations are necessary for low-pressure side cooling together with reheating cycle. Because of unnecessary steam turbine, the construction cost per kW can be reduced by 20%. 41 refs., 64 figs., 27 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
R and D on the production technology of hydrogen by biotechnology is one of the effective projects for worldwide energy supply technology and global environment protection technology in the 21st century. The research trend of various institutions promoting R and D on production technology of biohydrogen in the U.S.A. and other countries was surveyed together with the possibility of international cooperation. The production technology of biohydrogen is being watched over the world. Various researches are in promotion corresponding to environmental conditions as follows: search of not only photosynthetic bacteria but also such bacteria with hydrogen productivity as algae and anaerobic bacteria, and the gene engineering study for improving the hydrogen productivity of target microorganisms. All the institutions visited for this survey have great expectations in wide cooperative study in the future. On the possibility of international cooperation on the production technology of biohydrogen, the further precise survey should be promoted for developing more effective technologies based on the previous survey results. 156 refs., 10 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Hiraki, S. [Niigata University, Niigata (Japan). Faculty of Engineering
1995-11-20
Taking as the first on the list the fall in the status of the U.S. dollar as seen in aiding the Mexican currency liquidity crisis, this paper traces the course of weakening of the U.S. dollar and changes in foreign exchange rates, and explains the internationalization and expectation on the yen as a supplementary key currency. Since the American trade balance had turned into deficit in 1970, the value of the U.S. dollar has declined against that of the Japanese yen and German mark. It is clear from change in the IMF assignment amount that the two latter currencies are taking the role for international settlement and as reserve currencies. The import contracts denominated in yen in Asia during 1991 have stayed as low as at 21.6% based on the prediction of the appreciating trend of yen, while those for the export contracts have exceeded 50%. Although the amount of yen reserved in every country as the reserve currency is still small, it is anticipated that yen will be playing more important role as one of the key currencies in the future. However, it is also a fact that there are several problems for yen to be capable of being used for the international settlement and as the reserve currency. 1 fig., 4 tabs.
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Study on afterburner of aircraft engine. Koku engine yo afterburner no kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Kashiwagi, T [Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries, Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)
1991-03-01
This paper explains concepts of aircraft engine afterburner, and describes history of afterburner study, and describe the result of major research items. An afterburner is located down stream of a fan, compressor, burner, and turbine in a jet engine. Its basic principle is that fuel is injected into turbine exhaust and fan air flows from an fuel injector, ignited by a spark plug using oxygen remaining in the exhaust gas flow, burned and flame-held by a flame stabilizer. The combustion gas of high temperature (1,700 to 1,800 {degree}c) thus generated is jetted out from an exhaust nozzle to increase the thrust. The prototype afterburner is featured by adoption of a mixed type fuel injection system that provides wide stable combustion range, and flame stabilizer with a scoop aimed at improving the ignition performance and combustion efficiency. A confirmation test verified smooth ignition and wide air to fuel ratio for stabilized combustion. 4 refs., 16 figs.
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Papers given new idea to me; Kenkyu no aidea to natta bunken
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Hoshino, Kazuhiro [Toyama University, Toyama (Japan)
1999-04-05
University entrance into school, book called a Bible of chemical engineering and chemical engineering mainly read literature and book, which seemed to be completely the no relation. It may be able to say one in the inside. The chemical industry is to attempt, even if it is the field where there is completely no relation research theme self-necessity may. It may fail. The new idea festers there. It does be not done either that it will be possible to be useful in the future. I want to make efforts in order to meet with the paper, which is connected with the in future new theme. (NEDO)
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Research on harmonized molecular materials; Bunshi kyocho zairyo ni kansuru chosa kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
Harmonized molecular materials (HMM) were researched to create functional materials adaptable to needs such as environmental harmony and high-efficient conversion in post-industrial society and aging society. Superior mechanisms function efficiently in organisms for perception, transmission and processing of information, and transport and conversion of substances. These functions are caused by harmonization between organic molecules, or organic molecule and metal or inorganic substance. HMM is a key substance to realize these functions similar to those of organisms artificially. It is the purpose of this research to develop HMMs, reform production process by innovating separation and conversion technologies, and finally realize molecular chemical plants. This research also develops high-efficient devices to contribute to the information society, and progresses the industry of bio-functional materials such as high-sensitive bio-sensor. The functions, applications and creation technologies of three kinds of HMM such as assembly, mesophase and microporous materials were researched in fiscal 1995. 956 refs., 128 figs., 13 tabs.
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Leading research of smart structural system; Chiteki kozo system no sendo kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
The technology trend was surveyed to clarify the themes of smart structural system towards its R and D. The smart structural system is a structural system which incorporates functions of perception, judgment and learning by integrating functions, structures and information, to ensure the structural soundness at real time and control the active-adaptive of shapes. The final goal of it is to make materials and structures similar to organic systems. It has a self-repair function which can detect the generation and propagation of cracks and prevent the destruction positively with conducting self-diagnosis. High performance, high efficiency and energy saving are expected by combining the conversion of design concept into destruction control and the regulation of vibration, noise and shape. Especially, it is effective for the safety of aerospace systems, earthquake disaster measures, and extension of machine life. This report describes the background, purpose, R and D activities in Japan and foreign countries, and basic development themes. In addition, it arranges the needs of various industrial fields systematically, and proposes a concrete concept. Furthermore, the effects expected by the application of smart structural systems and the outline of international technical cooperation are presented. 110 refs., 164 figs., 19 tabs.
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Investigational research on eco-smart engines; Eco-smart engine no chosa kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
The paper investigated the trend of research on eco-smart engines into which optimization function of engine performance, high environmental-adaptability, etc. are integrated. The investigation was made in Japan and abroad on technologies of combustion, structure/material, control, design/analysis, systematization, etc. In case of Japan, specifications were established for three types of engines, subsonic, supersonic and hypersonic aircraft, and the research subjects to fulfil the specifications were extracted. In case of the U.S. and Europe, the survey was made of combustion, materials, noise, design concept, control, etc. Important subjects are selected in priority order. Namely, for the enhancement of efficiency, the following were taken up: three-dimensional fiber-reinforced large-size light-weight structure application technology, heat-resistant advanced-material structure damage-tolerant design technology, pseudo-vesicular structure transpiration cooling technology, etc. For the reduction of NOx emission, the paper took up technologies of environmentally optimization combustion, AI combustion control, and non-cooling combustor liner application. For the noise reduction, technologies of new inclination hole orientation noise absorbing structure material application, super noise control, and innovative CFD utilization low noise aerodynamics. Moreover, the results of fiscal 1997 were outlined to indicate the research in the next fiscal year. 14 figs., 10 tabs.
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NEDO Forum 2000. Industrial technology development session; Sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu session
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-09-01
This session presented the following subjects: I. IT innovation, II. Bio-seminar, III. Nano-technology, IV. Machine technology seminar, and V. 'Development subsidy project to put industrial technologies into practical use'. The theme in I relates to (1) influence of IT innovation on the society, (2) the theory of semiconductor evolution, (3) the theory of liquid crystal evolution, and (4) the theory of disk evolution. The theme II searches (1) how far have bio-technologies come?, (2) search of human evolution from genes, (3) can human being live up to 150 years by bio-technologies?, and (4) what is a DNA array (chip)?. The theme III covers (1) product innovation in polymers (new polymeric materials brought about by polymer nano-technology, taking polyolefin as an example), and (2) creation of ceramics materials by using nano-technologies. The theme IV relates to (1) ITS changes the car society into this way, (2) the current status and outlook on research and development of micro-machine technologies, and (3) the futuristic society and new industries opened by the Humanoid project. The theme V describes (1) practical application of ultra-small medical device production technologies, (2) development of next generation semiconductor manufacturing resists, (3) development for practical application of an optical brain function imaging device, and (4) development for practical application of new screening technologies toward creation of medicines using genome. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
For the formation of cellular tissues to replace bionic tissues, researches were conducted about technologies of forming bionic tissue modules by culturing various kinds of cells. As for the materials and methods for constructing cellular tissues, researches were conducted about the trends of research and development of 3-dimensional tissue culturing matrices and materials for micromanipulation. As for the development of technologies for the functionalization of 3-dimensionally structured cells, research and study were conducted about the technology of 3-dimensional cell structure organization through application of physical stimulation, the biochemical technology of differentiation inducing, and the differentiation inducing technology for hetero tissue culturing. As for the development of technologies for evaluation using 3-dimensionally structured cells, light CT (computer tomography), analysis and evaluation using spectroscopy and the like, feasibility of the biochemical analysis of the cell state using biosensors, technologies for measuring the secretion of carcinogenic and toxic substances, etc., were studied. In addition, the development of organic models to replace test animals, industrial evolution of 3-dimensional tissue module engineering, etc., were investigated. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Researches were conducted with a view to organizing projects for developing intelligent fibers, equipped with environmental friendliness and amenity without being deprived of their original properties as structural and clothing materials, the ultimate goal of the effort being the creation of harbingers of next-generation fibers which would contribute to the advance of industries related to environments, medicine and welfare, and information. What were learned from fiscal 1998 researches are mentioned below. The strength that the general-purpose fibers currently in use exhibit is so small as to be but several percent of what is theoretically predicted for them. Demand will increase a great deal if the actual strength is doubled, for which new technologies have to be developed including those involving super-fiber texture control. For providing the fiber with such functions as environment-friendliness, amenity, etc., it is necessary to develop phasal structure control technologies with regard to fiber morphology, surface texture, etc. For success in practical application in the future of such super-fiber materials, each specimen needs to be manufactured in the order of kilogram by way of trial. Moreover, fiber evaluation techniques have to be developed in the three domains of software, hardware, and interface. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
To further enhance energy efficiency by improving on the gas turbine system, it is necessary, first of all, to develop superhigh-temperature materials to allow the system to operate at higher temperatures. Described in this report are studies on the application of MGC (melt-growth composite) materials which retain strength and plastic deformation capability even at high temperatures. Various compositions are explored for improvement on fracture toughness and thermal shock resistance. The Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}/YAG system is investigated for the study of relations between microstructural control and fracture toughness. Literature on the development of nanocomposites is surveyed, and a preliminary experiment is discussed for improvement on purity by zone melting crystallization. In a study for an advanced manufacture of larger crystals, technologies of crystal growth condition setting and optimization, quality stabilization, productivity improvement, and crystal size enlargement are taken up. Casting and machining technologies are studied to enable crystals to assume complicated shapes. For the purpose of elucidating the mechanism of the occurrence of properties proper to high temperatures, a study is made on the evaluation of mechanical and physical properties and on the mechanism and control of crystal growth. Also studied are systems (gas turbine cycle, combustor, etc.) to which MGC materials may be applied. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
In Japan with its rapidly aging society, fundamental technologies are required for the development of artificial nerves substituting for or supporting damaged ones, and ultimately constituting artificial neurons based on the knowledge of the brain functions at the molecular and cellular levels. This study defines the fundamental technologies which would be required for the development in the area, and further, evaluates the potential of the technologies to develop the novel industry. The brain function is closely related to the activity in neuronal circuits. In order to repair injured nerves and to develop the advanced technologies of electronics for helping impaired neuronal functions, the most important and urgent is to understand how to work the neuronal circuit system in the brain. Based on these viewpoints, new methodological approaches would make it possible to relieve neural impairment in the sensory input system and the motor system by the use of electronic circuits. They also would improve rehabilitation after injury, and treat neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson`s disease. These advances surely create the new types of industry seeds in near future. 77 refs., 29 figs., 2 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1993-05-01
With an objective to establish basic technologies, research and development has been carried out to make it possible to utilize high-temperature superconductor materials in terms of engineering in the fields of electronics and electric power. In the research on superconductor materials in fiscal 1992, it was discovered from measurements of temperature change in polarization dependent EXAFS in thin YBCO film grown on an MgO substrate that relative displacement in copper atoms in CuO{sub 2} plane and peak oxygen, and relative displacement in copper atoms on a primary chain and peak oxygen show apparent increase at the critical superconduction temperature. It was verified that this phenomenon does not occur in materials that do not show superconduction. In the research and development of superconductor elements, full-swing research has begun toward establishing the following technologies: process technologies for a substrate that meets requirement of surface flatness required in electronic elements, a superconductor thin film that assures uniformity in interface composition and the laminated thin film tunnel junction that combines the superconductor thin film, an inter-layer insulation film, and ultra-fine processing to suppress deterioration, and a tunnel element technology as a technology to put the above technologies together. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
This project is intended to research and develop a high level aluminum recycling technology to realize the 'product to product' philosophy to return different aluminum scraps into the original materials, while attempting to develop and unify the aluminum recycling technologies and promote utilization of LNG. This fiscal year has studied the following methods as the component technology research: (1) an inclusion removing method, (2) a crystal sorting method, (3) a vacuum distillation method, and (4) a semi-melting method. The studies on (1), (2) and (3) were performed on identification of basic data and systematization to determine the life and facility specifications, with the full-swing demonstration tests being waited to start in fiscal 1999. The research and development on the item (4) was determined technologically feasible although additional discussions are required on the engineering aspect for practical application. The component technology study thereon will be finished with the current fiscal year. For the demonstration tests among the studies on total system technologies, the crystal sorting method and the vacuum distillation method had the achievements obtained in the research of the component technologies reflected directly to the facility design and fabrication. There has been no large-scale facility fabrication for the inclusion removing method and effective utilization of ash remaining in dross, and the researches were performed as scheduled. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
In Vietnam, survey was conducted of the project in which the adoption of circulating fluidized bed boiler (CFB) makes energy conservation and greenhouse effect gas reduction possible. CFB makes a marked decrease in SOx emission possible by using limestone as combustion bed material. As a result of the survey, the thermal power plant was not suitable for the model project due to its large size. However, it was found that two cement plants and one fiber plant having coal-fired boiler were suitable for survey. Nghi Son and Bim Son cement plants are typical cement plants in Vietnam. As a result of the hearing, they were eager to adopt CFB equipment. As to environmental improvement effects, in the thermal power plant with power source loads, emissions of SOx and NOx can be reduced by 79.0% and 72.5%, respectively. Further, in Nam Dinh Textile Company, emissions of SOx and NOx can be reduced by 79.8% and 84.6%, respectively, in case of converting boiler from the existing stoker boiler to CFB boiler. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
In this survey, the coal utilization status in individual consumption sectors and coal distribution status in Malaysia are summarized as basic data for the introduction of environmentally acceptable coal utilization systems. In this fiscal year, the status of existing coal utilization technology and environmental issues in Malaysia are summarized as basic data for the introduction of above-mentioned systems on the basis of data and information collected by basic research and site survey in FY 1996. Malaysia is one of the rich countries producing the primary resources with crude petroleum, natural gas, hydro-power, and coal. The coal demand will be realized after saturating LNG development since 2000. The major coal consumption industries are power generation sector and cement industry sector. As expected increase in the future coal consumption, efficiency of coal utilization and environmental issues are problems in the future. Based on the FS results of this survey, the survey will be continued for planning and conducting the model project required from Malaysia. 8 figs., 34 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-09-01
The present study is intended to analyze comprehensively geophysical, geological and geochemical data, and establish a technology to estimate distribution of gas hydrate (GH) in sea areas around Japan. It is also intended to develop a high-accuracy resource amount calculating method utilizing the result of excavation of GH planned in the future. In order to achieve these goals, the following activities are performed: (1) study on a method to estimate production environment of GH deposits, (2) development of a method to estimate GH stability areas by using the crust thermal flow measuring method, and (3) study on estimation of GH distribution and wide-area potential. For the study (1), an inorganic element analyzer was introduced, and calibration of devices was performed in fiscal 1997. A survey was carried out on literatures related to distribution of inorganic elements and process of GH deposit production. In the study (2), design and trial fabrication were executed on a high-accuracy crust thermal flow measuring device, capable of long-term continuous observation. In the study (3), re-processing focusing on BSR was implemented by using the latest computer and analysis software on the data in which BSR has been confirmed in the surveys done in the past on sea areas around Japan. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
A study of `the next generation new iron steel making process` was conducted in which impurity elements in scrap are removed and recycled into high quality steel making materials, and at the same time total emissions are reduced during the process from scrap melting to steel making. The paper reported the fiscal 1996 results. In the study of the scrap recycling process, conducted were a study of the total system to remove impurities in the high temperature preheating furnace, a large scale experiment of de-coaling combined type de-coppering/de-tinning under reduced pressure of iron melting, a study of recycling technology of dust to the scrap melting furnace, etc. In the study on preheating/melting technology, a study of the scrap melting furnace of high-productivity/low-energy vertical type, a study of the scrap preheating method using the packed bed type preheating furnace, a study on the flue gas control at the time of preheating/melting, a study of the fast assessment method for organic compounds in flue gas, etc. In the evaluation of the total system, a study of preheating/melting/environmental systems using experimental plants. 20 refs., 23 figs., 10 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1982-05-01
Summarized herein are R and D results of the researches on the super heat pump energy accumulation system, obtained from FY 1985 to 1991. For R and D of the super high performance compression heat pumps, the R and D results of the elementary techniques and bench and pilot plant operation are summarized for the highly efficient type (for heating) and highly efficient type (for cooling and heating), and high temperature type (utilizing high temperature heat source) and high temperature type (utilizing low temperature heat source). Described are patent application list, designated know-hows, and conclusions. For the elementary equipment and working fluids, the R and D results are summarized for the evaporators for mixed solvents, EHD condensers, and working fluids (alcohol-based fluids and application characteristics of new fluids) and working fluids (nonalcohol-based fluids and basic properties of new fluids). For the chemical heat storage techniques, the R and D results are summarized for the high temperature heat storage type (utilizing metathesis reactions, ammonia complexes and hydration reactions), and low temperature heat storage type (utilizing clathrates, hydration by solute mixing and solvation). (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-12-01
In the research and development of superconducting wires, studies are conducted to increase the current capacity of NbTi and Nb{sub 3}Sn metal wires and to improve their properties, and to increase the current capacity of oxide materials and improve their performance making full use of the features of each manufacturing method. In the development of superconducting generators, a slow excitation response type is tested for verification, and a good result is attained; and a quick excitation response type is tested for field winding static excitation, and good performance is exhibited. Using the results so far achieved, the 200,000kW class pilot machine concept design is reviewed. In the study of total systems, feasibility is studied of a quench test for the 70,000kW class machine through simulation analyses, etc. In the development of refrigeration systems, efforts are exerted to improve on the conventional type in terms of reliability and to further improve on the improved version in terms of performance and space-saving feature. One of the endeavors involves the development of a He Brayton cycle turbine driven compressor. A multilayer cylindrical rotor is verified in terms of functions, characteristics, reliability and durability, and various data are collected toward the development of a pilot machine. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
CTI (Climate Technology Initiative) is a framework for use by developed countries in international cooperation and voluntary promotion of the development and diffusion of technologies contributory to reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The CTI's activity goal is to accelerate the transfer and diffusion of technologies for climate change control. As the first step toward personnel development programs relating to energy efficiency, CTI organized its workshop on that theme. The results of the workshop have been examined, and its achievements were reported at COP4 meeting, while responses by participatory countries were studied to evaluate the potential of international cooperation with regard to personnel development for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In fiscal 1998, the CTI workshop 'Energy Efficiency' was held. The participants from developing countries understood the necessity and importance of energy saving enough through discussions in the workshop, and announced their message toward the world at COP4 meeting. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
A geological structure survey was conducted in the Rajah mining field, New Zealand, to study coil exploitability there. Conducted were the drilling of five boreholes (and three more by Solid Energy Corporation, New Zealand), surface exploration, surface survey, borehole core specimen examination, coal specimen analysis, and the like. It was found that the coal from this field includes 3-5% of ash and 0.3-0.4% of sulfur and therefore is excellent as coal for coke making. There are three working coal beds, 1.7m at the thinnest section and approximately 7m at the thickest section. It is concluded, on the assumption that sections not less than 2m in thickness are productive, that there are approximately 15-million tons in reserve. Since the coal beds are inclined and very variable in thickness, it is believed that hydraulic coal mining will be the best method to use. Water for hydraulic coal mining is sufficiently supplied from rivers in the neighborhood. The field is located near Rapahoe which serves as depot for coal produced in this area, is equipped with facilities for shipment by rail, and has various industries necessary for supporting coal mine operation. Coal is shipped from Greymouth Port in the area aboard 8,000-tons class barges. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Kato, H. [Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo (Japan)
1997-06-01
The purpose of this paper is to describe the current state of Japanese government deficits and public debt and to offer the materials that support the necessity of financial improvement. The public debt was defined to be sustainable when it is completely repaid in infinite future. In other words, this means that the government balances the expenditure and revenue in infinite future. In this definition, the method based on the conventional time series analysis was modified and improved to investigate whether the financial operation of the Japanese Government after the war satisfies the sustainability. The conclusion that the financial operation of the Japanese Government cannot satisfy the sustainability was reached when this method was applied. The debt that cannot be repaid even in infinite future is left. In conclusion, the financial structure accompanied by the reduction in expenditure must be improved even in the standard that requires a smoother balance than when the financial income is balanced in a finite period. 20 refs., 12 figs., 7 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
CTI (Climate Technology Initiative) is a framework for use by developed countries in international cooperation and voluntary promotion of the development and diffusion of technologies contributory to reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The CTI's activity goal is to accelerate the transfer and diffusion of technologies for climate change control. As the first step toward personnel development programs relating to energy efficiency, CTI organized its workshop on that theme. The results of the workshop have been examined, and its achievements were reported at COP4 meeting, while responses by participatory countries were studied to evaluate the potential of international cooperation with regard to personnel development for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In fiscal 1998, the CTI workshop 'Energy Efficiency' was held. The participants from developing countries understood the necessity and importance of energy saving enough through discussions in the workshop, and announced their message toward the world at COP4 meeting. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Researches are conducted for showing some guidelines on the system and method of the intelligent social infrastructure technology (ISIT) as a 21st century type systematization technology, and a report is submitted on the result. Discussed in the report are the technological system and image of ISIT, the research and development setup and administrative tasks involving intelligent social infrastructure construction, and the systematization and operation of the ISIT. Mentioned as important element technologies are the infrastructure and information/communications technologies for security and disaster prevention, information technology and automatization technology for maintenance, and intelligent materials enabling disaster prediction and detection. Stated in connection with the future development of ISIT are information/communication technologies for system control, monitoring, and normal/urgent dual use. Specific examples are shown, such as the active card, urban disaster prevention and monitoring system, active city, intelligent network, and so forth. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
The objects of this project are to elucidate the self-organization mechanisms of a living body, e.g., functional adaptation to environments and self-restoration, to utilize the molecular interactions in a living body, and thereby to establish the basic technologies for developing molecular motor functions, e.g., artificial organs. Described herein are the FY 1996 results. For creation of living soft tissues, N-ePTFE and Gf are found to be good base materials for cell growth in the serum-free culture, and may be applicable to bio-reactors. Sugar-bound high-molecular-weight compounds and artificial hyaloid body are created. For hard tissue materials, e.g., artificial articulation, the macrophage is activated by englobing worn debris of polyethylene, to activate the broken bone cells that absorb the bone, causing the artificial articulation to become loose. For researches on molecular motor mechanisms, it is considered that myosin changes the head morphology to give a driving force to the muscle, and this concept is studied in detail. The photosynthesizing protein is a molecule related to light and electricity, and is useful as the material to apply the living functions to industrial technologies. The technologies for assembling molecules are studied by utilizing the self-organization functions of living molecules. Development of other molecular machines is also attempted. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1991-05-01
Basic technologies are established that equip polymeric materials (insulators in general) with conductivity similar to that of metals for the realization of novel conducting materials characterized by light weight, high resistance to corrosion, and ease of machining, and for the manufacture of novel electrical/electronic materials having new functions different from those of conventionally used metals. The aims are to realize a conductivity of 10{sup 5}S/cm or more, to manufacture materials sufficiently stable when left in the ordinary or inert atmosphere, and to manufacture materials which may be machined into proper shapes as required in the industry. The results of the 10-year-long development endeavor greatly contribute to the creation of high-level materials, the systematization of technologies, and the elucidation of the conducting mechanism. In relation to polymeric materials, in particular, a new technology is developed that equips, with high reproducibility, polymeric materials with conductivity similar to that of silver or copper; a graphitic material is created for the first time provided with conductivity superior to that of metals; and conducting polymeric materials are equipped with an easy-to-machine feature. A great contribution is accomplished to the production of superconductivity in organic charge-transfer complex crystals and to the elucidation of the conducting mechanism. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Researches are conducted about the present and future of the research and development of elementary technological details for elucidating, from the viewpoint of the level of molecules or cells, the functions of neurons which are the basic elements of the cranial nerve circuit and for applying the results to cranial nerve cell engineering. It is then concluded that the most important and urgent is to 'develop basic technologies for understanding the functions of neural circuits so that a remedial step may be taken in the presence of a defect in a neural circuit and that electronic devices may be applied to help neural functions.' It is agreed that the most immediate and ripple-effective is to 'establish the technology of intelligent connection between electronic devices and neural circuits for the reconstruction of motor functions.' It is also concluded that, upon achievement of the above two goals, new basic technologies will become available for the moderation of problems in the sensor input and motor output systems by means of electronic circuits, for the improvement on efficiency of rehabilitation with the aid of electronics, for the cure of denatured nerves or a damaged spinal cord, for the study of neural circuits, etc., and that a new industrial series will be created through the utilization of the above-mentioned details. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Researches are conducted about the present and future of the research and development of elementary technological details for elucidating, from the viewpoint of the level of molecules or cells, the functions of neurons which are the basic elements of the cranial nerve circuit and for applying the results to cranial nerve cell engineering. It is then concluded that the most important and urgent is to 'develop basic technologies for understanding the functions of neural circuits so that a remedial step may be taken in the presence of a defect in a neural circuit and that electronic devices may be applied to help neural functions.' It is agreed that the most immediate and ripple-effective is to 'establish the technology of intelligent connection between electronic devices and neural circuits for the reconstruction of motor functions.' It is also concluded that, upon achievement of the above two goals, new basic technologies will become available for the moderation of problems in the sensor input and motor output systems by means of electronic circuits, for the improvement on efficiency of rehabilitation with the aid of electronics, for the cure of denatured nerves or a damaged spinal cord, for the study of neural circuits, etc., and that a new industrial series will be created through the utilization of the above-mentioned details. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Reported are the results of 'Research of 3-Dimensional Ion Processing Technologies.' Tasks to solve before the practical application of 3-dimensional technologies are extracted, and the possible effects of the new technologies on the creation of novel industries are investigated. In the field of new processing technologies, the special characteristics, current state, and tasks to solve are reported concerning the implantation technology, film formation technology, and hybridization which utilize plasma ion implantation. In the field of element technologies for device development, the current state and tasks of high-density plasma generation, homogeneous implantation, etc., are taken up, and the need is mentioned of inductively coupled plasma and surface wave excited plasma. As regards homogeneous implantation, the need is mentioned of technologies for forming matrix sheaths and pulsed plasma. In the field of 3-dimensional ion processing technologies application to the production of commercial goods, large items and their components such as automobiles, rollers, turbines, etc., are taken up, and the surface reforming technologies are reported, with reference made to their current state, tasks, predicted future market, concurrent technologies, feasibility of their application, the hopes and expectations they have aroused, etc. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Reported are the results of 'Research of 3-Dimensional Ion Processing Technologies.' Tasks to solve before the practical application of 3-dimensional technologies are extracted, and the possible effects of the new technologies on the creation of novel industries are investigated. In the field of new processing technologies, the special characteristics, current state, and tasks to solve are reported concerning the implantation technology, film formation technology, and hybridization which utilize plasma ion implantation. In the field of element technologies for device development, the current state and tasks of high-density plasma generation, homogeneous implantation, etc., are taken up, and the need is mentioned of inductively coupled plasma and surface wave excited plasma. As regards homogeneous implantation, the need is mentioned of technologies for forming matrix sheaths and pulsed plasma. In the field of 3-dimensional ion processing technologies application to the production of commercial goods, large items and their components such as automobiles, rollers, turbines, etc., are taken up, and the surface reforming technologies are reported, with reference made to their current state, tasks, predicted future market, concurrent technologies, feasibility of their application, the hopes and expectations they have aroused, etc. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Survey was made mainly on use of biotechnology as resource saving and energy saving processes. Biotechnology is in wide use in a pharmaceutical field, while its application is on the increase in agriculture, food, chemistry, energy and environment fields. The USA is ahead of Japan and Europe. In the USA, there are more than 1000 ventures, and R and D of biotechnology, in particular, gene analysis and manipulation techniques are in progress together with acquisition of patents. In biomass energy, production of ethanol from corn, and development of biodiesel are in progress in the USA and Europe, respectively. Use of biomass should be promoted because of its global environment compatibility and sustainable productivity. In the future bio-market, genome analysis and its application are most important, however, Japan is behind in such technology in the world. The Joint approach by industry, university and government is necessary from the viewpoint of a future marketability and international competitiveness. Promotion of a public acceptance and nurture of creative talents are also important. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)
1994-12-01
This paper reports the survey results on evaluation of PV power generation in fiscal 1994. (1) On the evaluation technique of energy pay-back time, foreign trial calculation examples by integration method were surveyed. However, there were not many study examples, and the calculation basis of input energy was also ambiguous. The calculation result by input-output analysis in Japan gave the value more than that by integration method, pointing out that indirect input energy is essential. (2) On the evaluation technique of the degree of environmental contribution, CO2 emission of the PV generation system installed on ordinary housing roofs was calculated to estimate reduction of CO2 emission and cost. As a result, PV power generation as reduction measures against CO2 brought a little cost increase. (3) On the latent scale of PV power generation, it was estimated to be nearly 191GW although under no restriction. It was a considerably large value as compared with the current power generation capacity in Japan. 4 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)
1994-12-01
This paper reports the study results on R and D of engineering methods for photovoltaic power system installation in fiscal 1994. (1) On the survey on applicable fields, various application aspects, applicability, and problems on location and legal regulation were continuously studied for railway, river reservation, lake surface and public facility as promising locations after highway in the last fiscal year. The result pointed out relatively easy possibility of PV power generation of nearly 11,700MW except residence and building fields. (2) On installation technology of solar cell arrays, several models based on various installation conditions, construction methods and system configurations were studied, and various application aspects were proposed by combination of simple design conditions. (3) On test and evaluation of the structural design of array racks, wind tunnel experiments were conducted for structure wall, platform shed and highway sound insulation wall. (4) On basic design of various promising systems, the conceptual design of interconnection systems was carried out assuming applications to highway and railway. 7 figs., 3 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Researches are conducted on innovative mineral resources exploration technologies which use seismic waves or scattered electromagnetic waves to grasp the 3-dimensional structure in the ground. In fiscal 1998, a concrete research and development program is formulated, under which the seismic method and electromagnetic method will deal with an approximately 1km{sup 2}-large area of metalliferous deposit seated approximately 500m deep. In addition, researches are conducted overseas on the trend of related technologies. At an NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) workshop held at the Society of Exploration Geophysicist, U.S., application of the NMR method to water is suggested. At a European Geophysical Society of environmental research and civil engineering event, useful knowledge is acquired about a 4-dimensional sounding (monitoring) technique in which a time axis is added to the 3-dimensional sounding technique and a high-resolution high-efficiency sounding system for probing shallow layers. During visits at Australian institutes concerned with the electromagnetic sounding technology, the trend of probing technologies especially those using the superconducting quantum interface device (SQUID) is gasped. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1992-03-01
Efforts were exerted to develop intermetallic compounds and C/C (carbon/carbon) composites to serve as advanced materials for extreme environments. In relation with advanced materials, especially with intermetallic compounds and fiber reinforced intermetallic compound composite materials, a technical research survey was conducted covering the three fields of (1) summarization of activities conducted up to fiscal 1991, (2) contents of associated aerospace projects, and (3) aeroengine components. In Field (1), the ground on which the project was created and the project's basic plans, goals, and systems, and its ripple effects are discussed, and the fruits produced so far are summarized. In Field (2), aeroengine component related projects of America, Britain, France, Germany, and Japan are investigated. In Field (3), aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, alloy steel, superalloys, intermetallic compounds, and intermetallic compound composite materials are discussed with attention paid to their current status and future trend, characteristics they are supposed to finally assume, and technical tasks to discharge for the development of technologies concerned. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1992-03-01
Efforts were exerted to develop intermetallic compounds and advanced C/C (carbon/carbon) composite materials usable under extreme environments such as high temperatures. In relation with advanced composite materials, especially with projects for developing composite materials using oil as raw material, a survey was conducted of the three fields of (1) summarization of activities conducted up to fiscal 1991, (2) contents of associated aerospace projects, and (3) oil based composite material technology. In Field (1), past achievements are summarized. In Field (2), aerospace projects under way across the world are broken down by airframe and engine, and are reviewed from the viewpoint of needs for materials. In Field (3), the present and future of heat resisting thermosetting composite materials, thermoplastic composite materials, and C/C composites are discussed. Characteristics such materials are supposed to finally assume and tasks to discharge for technical development are also taken up. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
With an objective to strengthen the function to assess new business strategies for ventures and small business entities in the industry supporting organizations in Miyagi Prefecture, experts were invited from the United States to provide educations and lectures. Twenty-seven persons participated in a three-day seminar managed by three experts at the Port of Technology in Pennsylvania. The course was covered the following three fields: 1) the basic theoretical course, 2) workshops, and 3) the summary and utilization of the screening guide. In Item 1), the course were consisted of the following 12 items: the purpose of the seminar, necessity of entrepreneurs, mentors, business plans, summary of the plans, markets, market selection, the summary of technological and financial managements, sources of capital procurement, and capital procurement opportunities. In Item 2), a group of three to four persons assessed the business strategies of existing corporations based on the 'venture business examination criteria' given by the instructors. In Item 3), the course were consisted of the following six items: management teams, markets, the status of competition, technological assessment, marketing strategies, and financial conditions. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
A report is made outlining the economic situation and industrial policies in Russia and the actual state of energy consuming industries (thermoelectric power generation, oil refining, and iron making) in that country. In Russia, energy efficiency is much lower than in advanced countries in the West, and the improvement of energy efficiency is a serious task to solve in the Russian fuel energy department. Cited to explain the poor efficiency are facilities growing antiquated, delay in the introduction of new technologies and instruments, insufficient maintenance, and the weak consciousness of energy saving. Although the electric power circle and energy related departments are conscious of the need of endeavors for improving energy efficiency, yet it is too difficult for corporations themselves to invest heavily in facilities. When Japan implements a model project for saving energy in Russia, it will be greatly contributing to the improvement of energy supply/demand in Russia, to the stabilization of social and economic states in that country, and to the prevention of global warming. (NEDO)
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Noncontact measurement of rotating blade vibrations. Doyoku shindo no hisesshoku keisokuho no kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Matsuda, Yukio; Endo, Masanori; Sugiyama, Nanahisa; Koshinuma, Takeshi
1989-08-01
The noncontact measurement method of rotating blade vibrations was developed for fans, compressors and turbines, and applied to turbofan engines and industrial gas turbines. The method required no machining of blades and rotor except sensors attached to a casing to detect blade-tips. The method allowed to measure simultaneously the vibration of all blades, by measuring elapsed times of blade-tips rotating from a measuring start point to a detecting point, and detecting the time differences between a vibration and non-vibration condition. The measuring system was composed of the detectors and subsystems for signal processing, control, calculation and display. The vibration wave forms of a few blades and the maximum vibration amplitudes of all the blades were displayed on a realtime basis in an on-line monitoring mode, and an off-line data processing mode was also available for subsequent analyses and reviews. The results of application to existing engines favorably agreed with those of strain gage measurements. 16 refs., 75 figs., 3 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
A survey was made on autonomous responsive materials as a new material which reversibly change molecular structures and the aggregation state according to external stimuli. Autonomous responsive materials imitate environmental responsibility in the living organism system and have sensing, control and active functions for external stimuli. The materials are highly efficient and environmentally friendly. In biomimetic materials for soft actuators, drastic changes by temperature of elastic modulus of water-swollen hydrogel are used to the motion. In order to molecularly design stimulus-responsible polymer gel, studied are the relation between the micro structure and stimulus responsibility, dynamic correlation between the micro structure and the macro structure, etc. In the biomedical field, new cure and diagnosis using innovative materials are expected, and the application of autonomous responsive materials to the field is studied. For example, using hydrogel responding the temperature and the surface and controlling by temperature the interaction with components of the organism such as protein and cells, drug delivery in the organism is optimized. Also studied is the application of hydrophilic/hydrophobic changes by temperature to the chromatography. 215 refs., 47 figs., 11 tabs.
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Structural experiment of wind turbine blades; Fushayo blade no zairyo rikigakuteki jikken kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Seki, K; Shimizu, Y; Kuroyanagi, H [Tokai University, Tokyo (Japan)
1997-11-25
Aluminum, GFRP and composite of aluminum coated with carbon as structural materials for wind turbine blades were bending-tested, to improve blade bending stiffness, understand stress conditions at each position, and clarify structural dynamic strength by the bending-failure test. It is possible to estimate stress conditions at each position from the test results of displacement and strain at each load. The test results with GFRP are well explained qualitatively by the boundary theory, known as a theory for composite materials. The test gives reasonable material strength data, useful for designing wind turbines of high functions and safety. The results of the blade bending-failure test are in good agreement with the calculated structural blade strength. It is also found that GFRP is a good material of high structural strength for wind turbines. 8 refs., 6 tabs.
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Earthquake ground motion research in Sapporo city; Sapporoshi ni okeru jishindo no kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sasatani, T [Hokkaido University, Sapporo (Japan)
1997-10-22
The Research Group on Earthquake Ground Motion in Sapporo City established in May 1996 has inaugurated collection of information on ground structures and observations of strong earthquakes in Sapporo City. The Research Group on Earthquake Ground Motion in Sapporo City has carried out geological investigations, electric logging and PS logging to date in three boring holes each with a depth of about 100 m, 200 m and 600 m. According to the result of the logging in the new Ishikari Bay port (600-m deep hole), the S-wave velocity has increased slowly as it starts from the ground surface to greater depths, but showed no noticeable velocity boundaries in this range of the depth. The Sapporo municipal office has drilled three observation wells (500-m deep) for the purpose of determining focal points of microtremors directly under the city area. Hole-bottom observation has been inaugurated since the beginning of this year. According to comparison of the results of loggings at great depths, a depth at which the S-wave velocity reaches about 700 m/s becomes greater toward the sea area. The result of calculations on amplification characteristics of the SH wave on rock beds revealed that a seismic wave of about 0.5 Hz is amplified by a little more than two times. 1 ref., 5 figs., 1 tab.
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R and D of remote reading system. Remote reading system no kaihatsu kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Nakano, H.; Hamada, T.; Nakamura, O. (The Kansai Electric Power Co. Inc., Osaka (Japan)); Imai, Y.; Akiyama, K.
1992-03-25
As measures for the spots difficult in metering within a framework to integrally automate the power distribution, a remote reading system was prototypically tested and evaluated in reliability on the actual field. The system methodically selected the signal {prime}s line injection, high frequency wave signal and voltage detection, while the signal frequency, transmission rate and highest transmission output were set at approx. 3.5KHz, 7.5bps and 50dBm, respectively from the test result. The demonstration test on reliability of the system locatively selected a vicinity of high voltage consumer, high harmonic wave-generating consumer, transforming station, etc. The total ratio of success in reception was comparatively high in Kuzuno and Yamazaki areas, but low in Kamojyo and Ichinomiya areas, The badness in reception was caused by the fluctuation in noise and strongness in damping which was influenced by the condenser in the high voltage consumer. The locative relation between the parent and child stations of system, and high voltage consumer being classified into four patters, an application table of remote reading system was prepared by simulation. 14 figs., 6 tabs.
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Visualization techniques in diesel engine research. Diesel Engine kenkyu ni okeru kashika gijutsu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Komori, M.; Tsujimura, K. (New ACE., Tsukuba (Japan))
1993-04-01
In order to grasp the phenomena actually occurring in the combustion chamber for improving the combustion and for reducing the exhaust gas emission of the diesel engines, the visualization techniques are becoming to be essential and indispensable. The authors have observed the spray and combustion, when proceeding the combustion improvement by the high pressure injection, and then have performed the image processing and simulation calculation based on them. The high pressure injection devices used for the experiment are the intensifier type and accumulator type which can generate the injection pressure more than 200MPa, and both of them are the electronic controlled hydraulic drive type, and are driven separately from the engine. Since it was found that the analysis of high pressure injection by the hologram is limited in the conditions, as for the spray, the spray analysis was performed by the transmitted light attenuation method and laser sheet method. As for the combustion, the engine for observing the combustion was trially made, and then the combustion state was observed by the high speed photograph. Furthermore, the flame temperature analysis by the image processing using the combustion photograph and the analysis of flow and turbulence of the flame were carried out. 9 refs., 16 figs.
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Research and development of photovoltaic power system; Taiyoko hatsuden system no jissho kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)
1994-12-01
This paper reports the result obtained during fiscal 1994 on a demonstration research on photovoltaic power generating systems. Solar cells with an output of 750 kW, storage battery facilities with an output of 3,058 kWh, three DC-AC converters with a rating of 250 kW, and a diesel generator with an output of 300 kW having been installed up to the previous fiscal year were combined to perform comprehensive adjustments and tests such as battery charge/discharge tests and AC parallel operation tests. The battery charge/discharge tests revealed that the 10 hour rate discharge capacity meets the specifications, and the batteries are free of deterioration after a demonstration operation of about 4.5 months. Difference between the power generation record and the planned value is thought due to the following reasons: the array output data in a power line connected system come about 90% of the simulation result due to correction coefficient for the solar cell conversion efficiency; the inclined face insolation results in less by about 7% than the planned value, and the transmittable power amount less by about 14% in total; the load power amount is less by about 7% than the planned value; and the balance supplementing power factor increases by about 4%. 5 figs., 2 tabs.
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Trial manufacture of portable type `WISH BOX`; Kahangata WISH BOX no shisaku kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ushiyama, I; Sakuma, H; Qin, W [Ashikaga Institute of Technology, Tochigi (Japan); Onai, Y
1996-10-27
This paper proposes the small portable type power source `WISH BOX` (wind and solar hybrid) composed of a small wind power generator and solar cell panels. Since solar radiation and wind power are complementary to each other in seasons, day and night, and fine and cloudy weather, WISH BOX is useful for standalone power source in non-power areas of developing countries, life spot in disasters, and outdoor leisure. The most small light-weight high-performance AIR303 produced by Southwest Windpower Co., USA is used as wind power generator, and two 50W solar cell panels HSC-5010-S produced by Daido Hokusan Co. is used. Sealed lead storage batteries (12V, 20Ah each) are also connected to cope with load fluctuation. In comparison with conventional portable gasoline engine generators, this environment-friendly generator is featured by fuel-free, no emission of gases, no noises and no fire occurrence, and can also supply stable power with small batteries even in the nighttime and cloudy weather by combining wind power. The generator of 400,000 yen is now in field experiment. 2 refs., 5 figs.
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Jet engine R and D and I; Watashi to jet engine kenkyu kaihatsu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Murashima, K. [Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)
1998-06-10
My efforts towards at the development of aeroengines since the end of the war are described. The J3-7 engine propelled the T1 trainer plane, and was installed as booster aboard the P2J antisubmarine patrol aircraft. It was the first jet engine that Japan produced after the end of the war, and had been in use until quite recently. I took part in the construction of a prototype of the JR100 series designed to serve as VTOL (vertical take-off and landing) aircraft lift engines, and in the test thereof. As the shift from turbojet to turbofan proceeded, I participated in the development of the FJR710 engine under the guidance of National Aerospace Laboratory, and the product was installed aboard an experimental STOL (short take-off and landing) aircraft Asuka. I next joined a Defense Agency initiative for a reheat turbofan to replace the J3 aboard trainer plane, and the result was the low bypass ratio/high output F3 engine. In 1989, Ministry of International Trade and Industry decided for a large-scale project of developing an engine for a next-generation supersonic transport, and the HYPR (Super/Hypersonic Transport Propulsion System) project was started. The project was participated in by manufacturers from overseas, which were GE, P and W, RR, and SNECMA. The foreign corporations worked on an equal footing with the Japanese parties, and collaboration between the participants was smooth, with each party endeavoring in the field they were good at. The project will be concluded as scheduled in fiscal 1998. (NEDO)
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Recent surveys and researches on pollinosis in Japan; Kafunsho ni kansuru chosa kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Shido, T. [The Inst. of Public Health, Tokyo (Japan)
1998-05-31
In this paper, recent investigations and researches on pollinosis are summarized as centering on the investigation entrusted by the Ministry of Health and Welfare and executed since 1992, and especially the surveys on Japanese cedar pollinosis during 1995 to 1996. The quantity of pollen surveyed in 1995 is the greatest in the survey history of nationwide flying pollen. Particularly, the quantity of cedar and hinoki pollen is 10 to 40 times as many as that in the year before. Consequently, since the sensitization and onset due to the cedar pollen increased greatly, the objects of the surveys and the researches were mainly in respect to the analysis of onset factors of pollinosis, clarification of its natural process, evaluation on the effectiveness of desensitization therapy, the clinical subjects including the confirmation of pharynx symptom and asthma symptom, and the discovery of naturally sensitizing dog. A fact that the quantity of flying pollen concerns the occurrence and degree of the clinical symptom has already been indicated by a clinical observation carried out for a long period of time. In respect to specific prophylaxis and therapy, for the first time the pollen masks and glasses sold on the market are investigated, and the necessity of the verification thereof is described. 27 refs., 7 figs., 5 tabs.
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Studies on CO2 removal and reduction. CO2 taisaku kenkyu no genjo
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Shindo, Y [National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research, Tsukuba (Japan)
1993-02-01
This paper summarizes study trends mainly in CO2 fixing processes. Underground CO2 storage is a most promising method because it can fix a huge amount of CO2 and has low effects on ecological systems. Storing CO2 in ocean includes such methods as storing it in deep oceans; storing it in deep ocean beds; dissolving it into sea water; neutralizing it with calcium carbonates; and precipitating it as dry ice. Japan, disposing CO2 in these ways, may create international problems. Separation of CO2 may use a chemical absorption process as a superior method. Other processes discussed include a physical adsorption method and a membrane separation method. A useful method for CO2 fixation using marine organisms is fixation using coral reefs. This process will require an overall study including circulation of phosphorus and nitrogen. Marine organisms may include planktons and algae. CO2 fixation using land plants may be able to fix one trillion and 8 hundred billion tons of CO2 as converted to carbon. This process would require forest protection, prevention of desertification, and tree planting. Discussions are being given also on improving power generation cycles, recovering CO2 from automotive exhausts, and backfilling carbons into ground by means of photosynthesis. 23 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
This report outlines the fiscal 1998 R and D result on human feeling measurement application technology. For development of assessment technology of the impact of work fatigue on human feeling (human feeling index), and assessment technology of the adaptability and affinity between human being and environment or product (environment and product adaptability index), data storage and evaluation by measuring experiment of human feeling, and modification of every index toward the final index based on the above data were carried out. Further case studies were carried out to reflect the above both indices to design of living products or residence and office environments, and new data were also collected. The database model for using previously collected human feeling data effectively, and the sweating manikin for estimating human thermal feeling reasonably were developed. In addition, the human feeling measurement manual was prepared to diffuse these technologies. The R and D system is also described. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
Efforts are conducted in the two fields of (1) survey and research and (2) development of technology for evaluating high temperature dynamic corrosion characteristics of heat resistant ceramics. In field (1), a comprehensive survey is conducted, an application study is conducted about high temperature gas separating ceramic membranes, and efforts are made to put to practical use ceramic parts manufactured by a low cost production process. In the application study of ceramic membranes, technologies are developed for a process of manufacturing high temperature gas separating porous ceramic membranes capable of separating and purifying gas emissions and gas ingredients, which involves the development of technologies for improving on gas separation and purification functions, development of technology of providing catalyst support function, technology of porous membrane formation, evaluation of separation characteristics, and so forth. In an application study for ceramic parts manufactured by a low cost manufacturing process, which involves structural ceramics, optimization is accomplished for materials synthesizing technologies by means of mechanical alloying, and cylinder liners are fabricated and evaluated for a natural gas engine made of silicon nitride based ceramics. In field (2), a high temperature dynamic corrosion testing device is built for heat shield coatings. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1991-04-01
Research, development and evaluation were performed with an objective of establishing the basic technology related to ultra-grid elements. With regard to the process technology to search materials suitable for the targets of ultra-grid elements and manufacture ultra-grid element structure, a technology has been completed, by which crystalline growth is performed while controlling AlAs and GaAs at atom layer levels by using the MBE process and MOCVD process. This has allowed the understanding to be progressed on behavior of electrons in hetero interface or very thin films. It has also become possible to acquire new crystals that have band gaps and grid constants matching the performance of the elements. Regarding ultra-grid functional elements, new functional elements with the HET and RHET structures were made by utilizing the characteristics of the ultra grids, and performances of normal temperature operation and high speed operation were investigated. The ultra-grid structured elements have made it possible to embed ultra fine electrode structure into crystals by means of double hetero growth, and a possibility of Si-based PBT was demonstrated. These achievements lead to a belief that the targets intended at the beginning of the present research have been achieved. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)
1994-12-01
This paper reports the study results on large-scale PV power supply systems in fiscal 1994. (1) On optimization of large-scale systems, the conceptual design of the model system was carried out which supposes a large-scale integrated PV power generation system in desert area. As a result, a pair of 250kW generation system was designed as minimum one consisting power unit. Its frame and construction method were designed considering weather conditions in the inland of China. (2) On optimization of large-scale transmission systems, as large-scale power transmission systems for PV power generation, the following were studied: AC aerial transmission, DC aerial transmission, superconducting transmission, hydrogen gas pipeline, and LH2 tanker transport. (3) On the influence of large-scale systems, it was estimated that emission control is expected by substituting PV power generation for coal fired power generation, the negative influence on natural environment cannot be supposed, and the favorable economic effect is expected as influence on social environment. 4 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1993-05-01
With an objective to attain a guideline for putting ceramic gas turbine (CGT) into practical application, conceptual discussions on the CGT based industrial cogeneration system (CGS) and the CGT based CGS simulations were performed to discuss quantitatively the effects of the system introduction, and estimate latent markets based on the result of calculating the introduction effects. In addition, investigations were carried out on Germany as the advanced nation with regard to the systems according to utilization patterns, load profiles, operation cost, exhaust gas measures, and the related laws and regulations. The activities may be summarized specifically as follows: 1) putting the back-data for industrial energy demand into order; 2) calculation of CGT introduction effects in industrial areas; 3) discussions on latent demand and social adaptability of CGT in the industrial area; and 4) investigations in overseas countries. Item 2 is composed of the conceptual design of industrial CGT/CGS, and the simulations on the actual status of energy demand in industrial business operation centers and on the effects of the industrial CGT/CGS. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)
1994-12-01
This paper reports the survey results on the technological trend, safety and latest technologies of thin film solar cells in fiscal 1994. As the fabrication technology for amorphous film solar cells, three-electrode plasma CVD was surveyed as fabrication method for high-mobility materials, and hydrogen radical CVD as fabrication method for high-photostable films. Current foreign and domestic reliability tests were surveyed for reliability evaluation of solar cells. In order to ascertain the performance, efficiency, physical properties and optimum structure of polycrystalline Si thin film solar cells, previously reported test results on physical properties such as carrier concentration, carrier lifetime and mobility of films were surveyed together with device simulation results. In addition, technologies for high-efficiency CuInSe2 system and CdTe system solar cells, technologies for cost reduction and mass production, and environmental influence were surveyed. Estimation of production costs for cell modules, and safety of thin film solar cells were also surveyed.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1991-05-01
With an objective to assist proliferation of ceramic gas turbine (CGT) which is desired of being put into practical use at an early time because of its effects of energy conservation, environmental preservation, and economic influence, investigations and studies were made on the CGT systems for cogeneration and portable power generation with regard to their latent markets, utilization patterns, and durability. In Section 1, investigations were given on stocking quantity by size in civil use buildings as the back-data for identification of effects by CGT and for estimation of its proliferation; identification of electric power to heat ratio (heat quantity/electric power amount) and patterns in use of energy in industries promising in CGT introduction; and on stocking quantity, energy demand and utilization patterns in industrial facilities. In Section 2, discussions were given on heat-power characteristics of the CGT, and energy utilization systems as the feasibility study on applicability of the cogeneration using the CGT. In Section 3, discussions were given on corrosion resistance of non-oxide based ceramics in relation with durability of the CGT, and oxidation behavior of silicon carbides in high temperature steam. In Section 4, future investigation assignments were discussed. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1992-05-01
With an objective to assist proliferation of ceramic gas turbine (CGT) which is desired of being put into practical use at an early time because of its effects of energy conservation and environmental preservation, discussions were given on the cogeneration system (CGS) with regard to the system design, the effect calculation and its latent markets. In Section 1, discussions were given on the energy demand characteristics in business facilities such as hotels and hospitals, and on the CGS using the CGT. Section 2 calculates effects of introducing the CGT/CGS in business facilities, Section 3 discusses the latent market quantity of the CGT/CGS for business facilities, and its social adaptability including the environmental load, Section 4 studies the CGT characteristics and the status of its development, Section 5 researches heat resistant ceramics members, and Section 6 considers the future GCT utilization fields and problems in its effective utilization. In Section 2, it was estimated that the maximum energy saving effect can reach 21% when a facility that has been operated on purchased electric power and town gas introduced a CGT/CGS system consisted mainly of an absorption type freezer and a boiler. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1990-05-01
Ceramic gas turbine (CGT) is superior in the aspects of high efficiency, low pollution, multi-kind fuel performance, small size, and light weight. Its utilization field is broad, whereas putting it into practical use at an early time is desired from the viewpoints of energy conservation, reduction in CO2 emission, resource conservation, and economic influence. The utilization field of CGT may include cogeneration and portable power generator, but putting it into practical use requires that it be superior in environment protection performance such as gas exhaust, noise and vibration, economic performance, safety, and adaptability with the utilization fields. From such a viewpoint, discussions were given on its adaptability with the society based on different characteristics of the CGT, and other conditions such as related laws and regulations. The first edition investigated the developmental trends in ceramic materials, and the second edition studied the CGT utilizing systems, in particular, the status of utilization and proliferation of the current cogeneration systems. The edition evaluated various conditions required for conceptual design of the system. The third edition put into order the environmental regulations and future trends in order to identify the effect of introducing the CGT. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
With an objective to achieve higher efficiency, higher density, and higher stability in power systems, research and development has been performed on superconductor power generators. This paper summarizes the achievements thereof in fiscal 1999. A verification test was given on the rotor of an ultra high speed responding generator. In a sudden short circuit test using the different phase charging method, no anomalies were found such as quench generation and vibration changes, wherein the healthiness of the generator was verified. In the VVVF actuation test, knowledge was acquired on the actuation method when the ultra high speed responding generator is applied to a combined cycle plant. After the verification test has been completed, the disassembly inspections such as visual check and non-destructive test were performed. With regard to the vacuum leakage found in the rotor under very low temperatures, the causes were presumed and the countermeasures were discussed by observing the weld structures. In the design research, the conception design on the 200-MW pilot generator was reviewed by reflecting the results of the verification tests on the model generator. At the same time, trial design was made on a 600-MW target generator. In summarizing the overall research achievements, the achievements and evaluations were summarized on technological issues that have been allotted to each research member. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
The slow excitation response type power generator is studied when the rotor and stator of a 70,000kW-class model are combinedly subjected to an on-site verification test, when a good result is obtained. The rotor is disassembled for inspection, and its members are found to be sound without any problem in terms of mechanical strength. The quick excitation response type is studied when a 70,000kW model is experimentally built and subjected to an on-site verification test after a rotation and excitation test in the factory, when the pilot machine concept design is reviewed. In the study of a total system, efforts continue for the review of the model machine test method, improvement on generator design and analytical methods, development of operating methods, and the effect of its introduction into the power system. Since a He-refrigerated system is requested to exhibit high reliability for application to power equipment and to be capable of continuous long-period operation, a system having constituents with their reliability enhanced and an appropriate redundant system is developed, and a verification study is under way which will continue for more than 10,000 hours. Described also is an oil-free low-temperature turbo refrigerator. The latest quick excitation response type rotor is also tested for verification. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-09-01
This report refers, continuously to the Part 1, to the in-situ verification test of the slow-response type model machine rotor and to the review of the conceptual design of the pilot machine. On the basis of the R and D results of various element technology/partial models obtained before the previous fiscal year, the design, manufacturing and factory test had been conducted for a 70,000kW class slow-response type model machine rotor. This year, an in-situ verification test was performed to complete the test of all planned test items. Using the technological results obtained in the design, manufacturing and test of the 70,000kW class model machine, the conceptual design is being reviewed of the 200,000kW class pilot machine. In the aspect of the functional design, accurate grasping of the thermal load is essential for the purpose of attaining a large capacity for a superconducting generator, as a part of which a thermal load analytical method was planned to be established for a torque tube heat exchanger. The reasonableness of the analysis was verified through a comparison with the factory test result of the 70,000kW class slow-response type rotor, indicating good agreement between the calculation result and the actual measurement, and enabling the result to be obtained that explains dependency of the thermal load on the number of revolution. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
With an objective to achieve higher efficiency, higher density, and higher stability in power systems, research and development has been performed on superconductor power applied technologies. This paper summarizes the achievements thereof in fiscal 1999. In research and development of the superconductor wire materials, decrease in loss and increase in capacity of the conductors were progressed for the Nb{sub 3}Sn wire material, whereas its mechanical properties and stability were evaluated. In research and development of the superconductor generators, an ultra high speed responding generator was verified of its healthiness in a sudden short circuit test. A linkage test with an operating 77-kV system was performed, wherein verification was given that the superconductor generator can be operated stably against various disturbances. In research and development of the freezing systems, an improved system was structured, which achieved operation of 11,390 hours in a single system as a result of the high reliability of the oil-free structure. In the verification tests, the ultra high speed responding model generator was connect to the freezing system to give such tests as load test, onerous test, actuation test by using the M-G system, and 77-kV system linkage test. The functions, reliability, and durability of the system were verified, and different data were acquired. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
This R and D project is for the preliminary studies on development of the following 4 types of techniques for developing resources from gas-hydrates (GH): (1) gas-hydrate exploration, (2) excavation techniques, (3) methods for assessing environmental impacts, and (4) gas hydrate handling systems. The FY 1988 R and D results are described. For gas-hydrate exploration, the methods for analyzing inorganic ions and trace quantities of elements, which are necessary for accurately estimating the offshore GH around Japan, are established; and case studies are conducted for methods of predicting GH deposit forming mechanisms, and stability fields of GH, based on terrestrial heat flow and seismic data. For excavation techniques, GH decomposition rate is analyzed using a laboratory system which reproduces conditions of excavation of GH layers. For methods for assessing environmental impacts, a geo-hazard predicting model is established, to study ground displacement and gas leakage sensing systems and data transmission systems to cope with the hazards. For gas hydrate handling systems, an overall system is studied, and storage and transportation systems are outlined. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
Efforts are being exerted to develop technologies for fabricating polyvinyl carbazole thin film, 100 nm or less in average thickness and 400 mm square in area, for the construction of an exothermal sheet utilizing polymer semiconductor light emission diodes. Activities are conducted in the three fields of (1) the development of large area light emission sheets for use in polymer LEDs (light emission diodes), (2) the study of manufacturing technologies, and (3) the study of technologies for testing, analyzing, and evaluating the material. In field (1), a polyvinyl carbazole thin film is fabricated by the use of a low viscosity resin liquid application method, and a film fabrication technique is established for fabricating a thin film on a 400 mm square substrate within {+-}3 nm of film thickness error. In field (2), studies are conducted of an integrated large area thin film application/transportation system, application device mechanisms, and control sequences for application devices. Through studies of technical literature, exhibitions, and research institute meetings in Japan and overseas, it is concluded that the polymer back light is commercially feasible. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
The fruits of fiscal 2000 efforts to develop high temperature energy materials and ultraprecision materials are briefly described. Activities are conducted in the four fields of (1) materials derivation and advanced evaluation/design technologies, (2) application technologies, (3) common base technologies, and (4) multifunction realization process evaluation. Discussed in field (1) are high temperature energy materials, high performance active materials, fundamental technologies for member designing, active materials for dealing with environmental gas, silicon based high resistance energy materials, porous multiple layer ceramic materials, macro-/micro-scale stress analysis technology, and microfracture analysis technology. Discussed in field (2) are heat resistant and damage tolerant materials, heat shielding materials and energy absorbing materials, and nanofilter materials capable of selective separation. In the study of active materials specific for environmental gas, a catalyst is developed, stable at high temperatures and capable of treating NOx selectively. The catalyst is a layered product comprising Ba hexaaluminate layers and stabilized zirconia layers. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1982-03-01
So as to determine the energy distribution of defect level density in a-Si, which is indispensable for an optimum solar cell design, the hitherto unclear theoretical relationship between the field effect method and MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) capacity method is made clear, and a unified theory is newly established. A high-speed totally automatic evaluation system is developed, capable of high-accuracy determination of defect levels. For the realization of an a-Si MOS structure required for fulfilling the above purpose, a-Si is grown and then diborane and ammonia are subjected to a glow discharge decomposition process for the formation of a new insulation film. It is found that the material may be utilized for MOS structure construction for defect density evaluation. Studies are conducted on plasma emission spectroscopy and infrared absorption analysis for the elucidation of growth mechanism for the growth of high-quality a-Si. Key radicals in plasma that govern film growth are investigated. It is disclosed that excited hydrogen in plasma plays an important part in microcrystalline phase deposition. It is also disclosed that hydrogenation greatly improves on CVD (chemical vapor deposition) a-Si doping efficiency. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-12-01
Organosilicon polymers are highly innovative materials having high performance and novel functions, and they can be widely applied. The purpose of this study is to establish fundamental techniques for molecular design, synthesis, material processing and evaluation of organosilicon polymers having excellent electro- and photo-functions, and advanced heat-proof, fire-proof and mechanical properties. This R/D includes (1) R/D of electrical conducting materials by organosilicon polymers, (2) R/D of novel organosilicon polymers applicable to direct lithography, (3) R/D of new silicon-based polymer materials with electro-luminous function, and (4) R/D of silicon-based polymers for new photoconductive materials. In (1), synthesis of highly conjugated polymers is investigated. In (2), novel organosilicon polymeric materials have been developed, which would be applicable to direct lithography of electronic circuits, and which could contribute to simplification of the circuit formation process. In (3), the research aims at development of new silicon-based polymer materials with luminescent function which can be applied to the large size electro-luminescent display devices. In (4), new materials with visible light absorption have been synthesized through the molecular design and synthesis. The photo-carrier generation was observed. 107 refs., 86 figs., 23 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
The fruits of fiscal 2000 efforts to develop high temperature energy materials and ultraprecision materials are briefly described. Activities are conducted in the four fields of (1) materials derivation and advanced evaluation/design technologies, (2) application technologies, (3) common base technologies, and (4) multifunction realization process evaluation. Discussed in field (1) are high temperature energy materials, high performance active materials, fundamental technologies for member designing, active materials for dealing with environmental gas, silicon based high resistance energy materials, porous multiple layer ceramic materials, macro-/micro-scale stress analysis technology, and microfracture analysis technology. Discussed in field (2) are heat resistant and damage tolerant materials, heat shielding materials and energy absorbing materials, and nanofilter materials capable of selective separation. In the study of active materials specific for environmental gas, a catalyst is developed, stable at high temperatures and capable of treating NOx selectively. The catalyst is a layered product comprising Ba hexaaluminate layers and stabilized zirconia layers. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
The purpose of this study is to establish fundamental techniques for molecular design, synthesis, material processing and evaluation of organosilicon polymers having excellent electro- and photo-functions, and advanced heat-proof, fire-proof and mechanical properties. This R/D includes (1) R/D of electrical conducting materials by organosilicon polymers, (2) R/D of novel organosilicon polymers applicable to direct lithography, (3) R/D of new silicon-based polymer materials with electro-luminous function, and (4) R/D of silicon-based polymers for new photoconductive materials. In (1), synthesis method of regular polymers with a 3-D structure was developed. Non-volatile dopants were developed, and structures of polymer-dopant composites could be controlled. In (2), precise control of conductivity was examined. Material processing and evaluation techniques were also examined through stabilization of polysilane thin films, optimization of pattern forming conditions, and precision of patterns. In (3), new silicon-based polymers have been synthesized. In (4), two kinds of polymers have been synthesized for development of materials with high photo-carrier generation efficiency and high mobility. 72 refs., 71 figs., 22 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1981-03-01
The strategic system planning procedures have been developed and applied for drafting R and D targets and subsequent medium-term plans, in order to help promote the Sunshine Project smoothly, based on the long-term prospects. This project compares the developed procedures with the current promotion systems and R and D management supporting procedures, to establish the strategic system planning procedures. These newly developed procedures are expected to accelerate the Sunshine Project, when applied in the standard manner. They are also partly applied to coal liquefaction techniques for (system demand analysis), the results of which are used to propose the ideal R and D targets of these techniques. The milestone planning procedures are preliminary applied to (establishing the project plans), to draw systematic long-, medium- and short-term plans. The preliminary application of these prediction/analysis and supporting procedures has verified effectiveness of the strategic system planning procedures. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
The New Sunshine Project, promoted by Ministry of International Trade and Industry, has developed a 300 kW ceramic gas turbine CGT302 (biaxial, regenerative type) in March 1999, which attains a turbine inlet temperature of 1,334 degrees C and thermal efficiency of 42.1%. The conditions of optimum utilization of the system are studied for eventual commercialization and spread of these systems, including analysis of load types for specific purposes, prediction of operation management, economics of CGT, environmental impacts, and possibility of diversification of the fuel. The CGT cost analysis results indicate that a CGT system is well viable when the incremental initial cost of the power generator is kept below 70,000 yen/kW over the conventional system. The system can be doubled in scale at the largest. It can be further scaled up, when hybrid members with metallic materials are used. CGT is a basic technique for (system energy). In other words, the 21st. century will be the age of (system energy), i.e., (gas turbine). (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Shimizu, T [Kanazawa University, Ishikawa (Japan). Faculty of Engineering
1994-12-01
Described herein are the results of the FY1994 research program for structural defects of silicon-based amorphous materials for solar cells. The study on light generation defects of the a-Si:H system and rejuvenation process by annealing establishes the effects of light irradiation time on changed neutral dangling bond density as a result of light irradiation at varying temperature of 77K, room temperature and 393K. The study on annealing to rejuvenate light generation defects of various types of a-Si-H systems establishes the activation energy distribution with respect to annealing to remove light-induced defects, showing that hydrogen affects the distribution of light-induced defects. The study on decaying process of light-induced ESR for undoped and N-doped a-Si:H systems observes the decaying process of light-induced ESR, after light is cut off, extending for a period of several seconds to several hours at 77K for the a-Si-H systems containing N in a range from 0 to 12at%. The other results presented are space distribution of neutral defects of light-irradiated a-Si-H systems, and rejuvenation process of light-induced spin for the a-Si(1-x)N(x):H composition. 6 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
To effectively promote the research and development of quantum function devices, the advancement of the research and development concerned is surveyed and problems in the course of research and development are isolated, analyzed, and discussed, and a survey is conducted on technological trends. Researches are conducted through research committee meetings, on-the-spot surveys of overseas activities, and international conferences. As the result, reports are compiled on the integration of multi-value logic devices using tunnelling control function devices, integration of logic memory devices based on quantum levels, integration of quantum interband coupled multifunction devices, silicon insulation film tunnel memory device, mass dot function memory, quantum wave switching function device, integration of single electron logic devices, integration of CMOS coupled type single electron devices, basic technology of single electron device, etc. As for common basic technology, an integrated device in which a quantum function element and CMOS are merged, superspeed quantum device using light, spontaneous formation of InGaN quantum dot and GaSb/GaAs quantum dot, electron moderation mechanism in quantum dot, etc., are compiled into reports. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
With an objective of realizing super large capacity recording technologies largely exceeding the current limits of optical recording and magnetic recording, studies were conducted on application of near-field optics. In the study on recording by using near-field light, it was verified that a mark with approximately the same size as an aperture diameter can be formed on a phase change recording film when a fiber probe with an aperture diameter of about 200 nm is used. However, it was found that the recording using this system takes excessive amount of time. When laser light collected on an objective lens was irradiated pulse-wise, a mark with a minimum width of about 20 nm was observed with high contrast. This will mean that a record with recording density of one terabit/in {sup 2} can be read out. Other studies performed include those on evaluation of effects of polarized light and surface shape on near-field read-out, simulation, mechanism of crystallization in a phase change recording film, recording and playback with ultra-high resolution by using a conformable near-field aperture, fabrication of a flat aperture type near-field light probe array, and the evaluation thereon. 22 refs., 27 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Researches are conducted for the development of photofunctional materials, which will enable the utilization of such features of light as high speed, planar transmission, and space coupling, for the real-time processing of large-volume 2-dimensional image data etc. The researches cover the 'spatial light modulation material' and 'dynamic holographic memory material' which will be the key materials in the high-speed 2-dimensional data processing, and the 'optical waveguide material.' The 'spatial light modulation material' is a material that temporarily memorizes optical data for causing interference between images by use of light, the 'dynamic holographic memory material' is a material that memorizes phasal data of light and records and writes by use of light the large-volume data necessary for moving picture processing, and the 'optical waveguide material' is a material that transmits multi-dimensional picture data on the real-time basis. Researches are also conducted on the status of research and development of technologies involving novel photofunctional materials, the control of the structure of their electrode/molecule boundary, the creation of ultrastructural materials by molecular arrangement control, etc. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
The paper outlined the result of the fiscal 1997 R and D on `human sensory measurement application technology (HSMAT)` which entered into the second stage. As to the R and D of technology for development of human sensory indices, examples for developing human sensory indices were set up for the following each technology to be developed, and measuring experiments were conducted: technology to assess the effect on physiological senses such as fatigue and awakening, technology to assess human adaptability to various environmental conditions, and technology to assess adaptability of products to humans from a viewpoint of affinity, etc. In relation to the R and D of technology for practical application of human sensory indices, a study was conducted of application examples for using each index to the design of daily products and residential/working environments, and at the same time a prototype database of human sensory data was trially made using part of the experimental data. Moreover, for clothes and working environment to feel better, design/assembly were conducted of a hand/leg movable and sit-on-chair manikin which enables rational estimation of thermal sense of humans. 82 refs., 391 figs., 88 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
'The research cooperation in the development of the advanced multi-media information system' for China was carried out, and the state of the FY 1999 study was summed up. As to the overall material flow system, conducted were the construction of the basic material flow system and the planning of the verification experiment. In relation to the education/culture information system, the design of the system structure of a remote education realtime system, design of the applied equipment, design of equipment layout, and development of the control program. Concerning the agriculture information system, the analysis of system needs, working-out of project concept, basic design of system, arrangement of hardware environment, and project management. About the disaster prevention/forest fire prevention information system, the analysis of system, construction/design of system, and construction of platform. In regard to the medical system, software was developed for high functional image sending/receiving function and high functional image processing. As to the environment monitor/flood monitor information system, the platform which is the basic structure was constructed. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1994-03-01
The mind-based technology (MBT) was investigated to be developed, for materializing the world where the human race and machinery live together without sense of incompatibility. Based on the human mind, the MBT is a technology to support the personal expression which respects the value judgment, diversity and individuality in the human life. For it, it is important to technologically comprehend the human mind and physiological/psychological state, and particularly, control the human will. In order to structure the social system in which the human race and technology live together, it is also important to build a life system information processing model which simulates the formation process to integrate the feeling, knowledge and conscience, together with an action system to be established. As an image to which the MBT is applied, support will be extended to the life fulfillment, personal expression and hearty communication. Development is expected toward the social security technology with robots living in the human society. Pursuing the mental richness and worthwhile life, the high-grade mature society needs the technology to communicate with the machinery gentle to the human race on the mutual interface. 21 refs., 8 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
This report covers fiscal 1999 activities under a 5-year program which is a joint effort with China started in fiscal 1998 for the development and verification of a prototype for the above-named system to comprehensively deal with commodity distribution information, education and culture information, agriculture information, disaster/forest fire control information, medical treatment information, and environment monitor/flood watch information. A total of 12 Chinese researchers were invited to this country over the systems for disaster/forest fire control information and environment monitor/flood watch information, when the status in Japan and progress in China of the research were discussed. Joint research in China involved on-site surveys conducted relative to systems for commodity distribution information, education and culture information, medical treatment information, and environment monitor/flood watch information. Endeavors were then exerted, which concerned the survey of candidate locations for distribution centers, acknowledgement of the result of verification tests, training for equipment operation, arrangements for the contents of research, and the establishment of a mutual understanding toward the signing of annexes to the Agreement. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1982-03-01
Test and research are conducted for acquiring basic data regarding coal gasification. In the basic research for the development of a high-calorie gas production process, a small moving bed gas furnace is improved, and a high-calorie gas of a heating value of approximately 5,100kcal/m{sup 3} is stably produced at a rate of approximately 20m{sup 3} per diem. The carbon conversion rate turns out to be approximately 37% for the gas, approximately 53% for the residual char, and approximately 10% for a mixture of tar, naphthalene, benzene, phenol, etc. Hydrogen is produced making use of the residual char when a small amount of coal is added, and it is deemed that the first experiment for the development of a moving bed hydrogasification process has been successfully completed. In the study of the mechanism of hydrogasification reaction, the result of a preliminary experiment in a fixed bed pressurized gasification furnace is compared with the data from a continuous gasification experiment, and the relationship is determined between the coal feed rate and the reaction rate. Conducted besides are a basic study of problems relating to operation, basic research on a reaction mechanism (carbonization by rapid heating), estimation of the equilibrium composition of gas generated by coal gasification, etc. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
The paper grasped the state of coal utilization by coal consumption field, the state of coal physical flow in Vietnam, etc., surveyed/studied a possibility of introducing the environment friendly type coal utilization system, and assessed the possibility. As to energy resources, the north is abundant in hydroelectric and coal (mainly anthracite) resources, and the south in oil and natural gas resources. Coal production in fiscal 1997 is planned to be 10 million tons. Coal preparation technique presently available is only grain size sieving. Accordingly, it is necessary to study for heightening efficiency of facilities and modernizing facilities in accordance with the introduction of the environment friendly type coal utilization technology. During the study, it is possible to propose improvement on coal processing technology (coal preparation technology). Assessment and study are made especially of the coal selection system, fine coal recovery system and waste water treatment system. For the plan on new coal-fired power plants (300MWtimes4), there is left much necessity of proposing studying models considered of the anthracite combustion technology and environmental improvement and of assessing/studying them. 60 figs., 117 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1982-10-01
The following surveys were made to acquire the data/information for potential study of development/import of Mexican coal: (1) collection of general information such as energy situation, coal situation and infrastructure. (2) survey of situation of coal seam existence, coal quality, coal amount, exploration/development, etc. of Sabinas coal field, Monclova, Coahuila state, San Marcial coal field, San Enrique, Sonora state, and Tezoatlan coal field, Tlaxiaco, Oaxaca state. (3) data collection for potential study of future development. The area where coal is presently produced is only Coahuila state, and also there the exploration is comparatively being advanced. In states of Sonora and Oaxaca, the exploration is only made roughly by CRM, and the exploration is going to be detailedly made from now. The exploration in Coahuila state, however, was made only down to 400m under earth's surface. In this area, coal existence down to 1,000m under earth's surface is expected, and the exploration deeper than 400m is a future subject. Ninty percent of the present coal reserve is produced from Coahuila state. They are coking coal and steam coal in quality. At present, the Mexican government is exerting efforts to increase production of the domestic use coal, with no intention of exporting coal. Seeing how the exploration would go, it is necessary to watch the results of the survey on a long-term basis. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1982-10-01
The following surveys were made to acquire the data/information for potential study of development/import of Mexican coal: (1) collection of general information such as energy situation, coal situation and infrastructure. (2) survey of situation of coal seam existence, coal quality, coal amount, exploration/development, etc. of Sabinas coal field, Monclova, Coahuila state, San Marcial coal field, San Enrique, Sonora state, and Tezoatlan coal field, Tlaxiaco, Oaxaca state. (3) data collection for potential study of future development. The area where coal is presently produced is only Coahuila state, and also there the exploration is comparatively being advanced. In states of Sonora and Oaxaca, the exploration is only made roughly by CRM, and the exploration is going to be detailedly made from now. The exploration in Coahuila state, however, was made only down to 400m under earth's surface. In this area, coal existence down to 1,000m under earth's surface is expected, and the exploration deeper than 400m is a future subject. Ninty percent of the present coal reserve is produced from Coahuila state. They are coking coal and steam coal in quality. At present, the Mexican government is exerting efforts to increase production of the domestic use coal, with no intention of exporting coal. Seeing how the exploration would go, it is necessary to watch the results of the survey on a long-term basis. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Fujimoto, H. [Railway Technical Research Institute, Fundamental Research Division, Tokyo (Japan)
1999-11-25
Superconducting magnets made of high-T{sub c} superconductors are promising for industrial applications. It is well known that REBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7-x} superconductors prepared by melt processes have a high critical current density, J{sub c}, at 77K and high magnetic fields. The materials are very prospective for high magnetic field application as a superconducting permanent/bulk magnet with liquid-nitrogen refrigeration. LREBaCuO bulks, compared with REBaCuO bulks, exhibit a larger, J{sub c} in high magnetic fields and a much improved irreversibility field, H{sub irr}, at 77K. In this study, we discuss the possibility and trapped field properties of a superconducting bulk magnet, as well as the melt processing for bulk superconductors and their characteristic superconducting and mechanical properties. One of the applications is a superconducting bulk magnet for future magnetically levitated (Maglev) trains. (author)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-12-01
With regard to the Ashiro Town area in Iwate Prefecture, this paper reports the result of evaluations based on temperature and pressure logging after a lapse of an extended period of time (well No.2) and a steam jet test (well No.1). These activities were performed as the survey on promotion of geothermal development and survey on development feasibility in fiscal 1997. As a result of the overall analysis based on the present survey and ones in the past, the geothermal system model in the surveyed area may be conceived as follows: in both of the N7-AR-1 and N7-AR-2 wells drilled in the southern part of the surveyed area, temperature as high as 250 degrees C or higher was confirmed; the underground temperature is 200 degrees C or higher at an altitude level of zero meter and 250 degrees C at around -500 m, leading to a belief that the high temperature area spreads to south; as a fracture system holding geothermal fluid, a fault was identified at the N7-AR-1 well drilling depth of 1710 m; in the steam jet test, a geothermal reservoir (a shallow geothermal reservoir) was confirmed to exist; the geothermal fluid that has jetted out shows alkaline Na-SO{sub 4} type; and the deep geothermal reservoir has high temperature and is presumed to be in the two-phase condition, presenting promising factors as the geothermal resources. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Yoshida, K; Suzuki, H; Ide, T [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan)
1997-12-31
Discussed herein are mooring performance requirements of the new types of marine structures now proposed, and characteristic ranges and future expansion potential of the existing mooring systems. The mooring systems studied for floating structures are catenary, single point (multi-leg and single-leg types), fixed structure with fender and tension leg mooring systems. The studied items include extraction of the elements that constitute rigidity of the spring for horizontal mooring, survey on and data collection for each element, determination of element ranges, programs for mooring analysis, assessment of mooring characteristic ranges, and potential development of the characteristic ranges. It is concluded that the existing systems with their current characteristic ranges and future possibility are insufficient for the future marine structures. It is therefore necessary to develop new mooring concepts, instead of expanding the current concepts, in order to meet the mooring performance requirements for the new marine structures. 14 refs., 9 figs., 11 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Kobayashi, T.; Yamagishi, M.; Kakimi, S. [Chubu Electric Power Co. Inc., Nagoya (Japan)
1997-11-01
Studies are conducted to promote energy-saving in construction works as part of environment protection programs. The first phase is for survey and analysis works for energy-saving in the current building design and construction works, and for processes, procedures and materials in model works (construction of sub-stations). The second phase is for studying energy-saving designs, materials and procedures, which are applied to model works, to assess their energy-saving effects , costs and applicability. The horizontally developed samples are prepared for the future development, based on the `continuous improvement of environment-management systems by establishing the PDCA cycles,` which is one of the basic requirements of the ISO14001 (environment management system). These efforts have reduced CO2 emissions associated with the manufacture of construction materials by 20%, mixed wastes by 45%, and plywood frame requirement by 70%. It is also confirmed that they can be realized at only around 3% higher cost. 9 refs., 10 figs., 3 tabs.
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Layered multinary lanthanum oxide [La-Mo-O]; Sojo rantan fukugo sankabutsu ni kansuru kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-10-31
Studies have been carried out systematically on properties of oxides including representative transition metal, vanadium, and alkali metals. With respect to Ln2CuO4 (Ln is a rare earth element) being a simple and representative rare earth multinary oxide showing superconductivity, and its related compounds, this paper reports thermal chemistry, superconduction, and making them a superconductor by using soft chemical treatment. The paper also reports centrally on synthesis of new copper oxide superconductors under high pressure, the compositions, structures, superconductive properties of the synthetics, and the relationship between them. It describes phase equilibrium, synthesis, and structures of vanadium multinary oxides being the object of continued studies, and also reports the studies related to structure and phase transfer of NaV6O11 which shows especially interesting properties among the oxides. Studies have also been made on NMR of these compounds and copper oxide superconductors by using magnetic resonance. The paper also describes a method to analyze the structure of quasi-crystal having rotary symmetry which is not allowed in crystals, and has special long-distance order phase. 209 refs., 127 figs., 6 tabs.
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Relationship between stacking process and resolution; Jugo shori to bunkaino ni kansuru kiso kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Matsushima, J; Rokugawa, S; Kato, Y [Geological Survey of Japan, Tsukuba (Japan); Yokota, T; Miyazaki, T [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Engineering
1996-10-01
This paper evaluates influences of stacking of incident angles against the reflecting surface on the resolution. Basic equations for evaluating the influences were deduced. A simple evaluation method has been provided using these equations. The present evaluation method is considered to be useful for acquisition design, processing, and interpretation of data as an indicator. According to the equations introduced in this study, there are some demerits for stacking traces whose incident angles were large. A total reflection region often appears due to the decreased resolution, and the vertical resolution decreases prior to stacking. Occasionally, it is not effective to remove traces having large incident angles from the viewpoint of resolution. In practice, the selection of most suitable trace through trial and error is not easy due to difference in individual regions. An evaluation method must be discussed, by which the optimal trace can be selected automatically during the data processing. 6 refs., 15 figs.
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Needs/seeds research committee of welfare apparatus; Fukushi kiki needs seeds tekigo chosa kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
As to the development of welfare apparatus, a study was made on the present status of the periphery environment, problems, measures and policies. As subjects in production, the following were pointed out: small scale of the market, lots of brands/small quantity of production, various corporate sizes in the industry, no competition among countries, modular structuring, etc. As to the standardization, the necessity was asserted for the following: rationalization of production/consumption, security of product quality, provision of standards for accurate judgement of the purchase, simplification of inspection under the Pharmaceutical Law, benefit systems. In relation to evaluation/technical guidance, details of the evaluation, persons involved in the evaluation, and the evaluation form were arranged including not only the evaluation of individual tools, but grasp of the needs, selection of themes, and technical guidance under the development. The fundamental development of the welfare apparatus is being conducted in universities, national research institutes, etc., and necessities were pointed out for a study of trial use of the apparatus as a step next to the prototype making, and a system to support makers for the period from after the development up to the commercialization. 5 refs., 8 figs., 26 tabs.
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Research study on highly functional carbon related materials; Tansokei kokino zairyo no chosa kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
The study results on highly functional carbon related materials are reported as a part of the leading research in fiscal 1996. Synthesis of these novel materials is outlined, and R & D results on the following materials are described: diamond, hetero-diamond, graphite, amorphous carbon, carbyne, fullerences, carbon nitride and chemically modified carbon materials. Their issues, future possibility and market in 2010 are also described. The markets are predicted of such electronic materials as electronic emitter, sensor, solid device and heat sink, such optical materials as X-ray lithography, and such chemical materials as electrode and catalyst. Promising characteristics of light-weight and high-hardness machine materials are presented, and some issues such as material synthesis, and intensive machining and application technologies are described. The future markets are predicted of their applications to tools, dies, information equipment, glass, automobiles, aircraft, spacecraft and industrial machines. Problems and their break through techniques of these novel materials are also presented. 220 refs., 68 figs., 16 tabs.
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Research on linear driving of wave maker; Zoha sochi no linear drive ka kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Yamamoto, I; Taniguchi, S; Nohara, T [Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)
1997-10-01
The water tank test of marine structures or submarine structures uses a wave maker to generate waves. A typical flap wave maker uses the wave making flap penetrating a water surface whose bottom is fixed on a tank bottom through a hinge, and the top is connected with a rod driven by rotating servomotor for reciprocating motion of the flap. However, this driving gear using a rotating servomotor and a bowl- screw has some defects such as noise caused by bowl rotation, backlash due to wear and limited driving speed. A linear motor with less friction mechanisms was thus applied to the driving gear. The performance test result of the prototype driving gear using a linear motor showed the possibility of the linear driven wave maker. The linear driven wave maker could also achieve low noise and simple mechanism. The sufficient durability and applicability of the linear driven wave maker mechanism were confirmed through strength calculation necessary for improving the prototype wave maker. 1 ref., 5 figs., 2 tabs.
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Leading research on brain functional information processing; No kino joho shori no sendo kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
This research aims at searching the concept of an information processing device with a fully different architecture from a previous ones based on the study on human brain function, sense and perception, and developing the basic fabrication technology for such system, and realizing the human-like information processing mechanism of memorization, learning, association, perception, intuition and value judgement. As an approach deriving biological and technological models from experimental brain studies, the model was derived from the brain functional information processing based on brain development/differentiation mechanism, the control mechanism/material of brain activities, and the knowledge obtained from brain measurement and study. In addition, for understanding a brain oscillation phenomenon by computational neuroscience, the cerebral cortex neural network model composed of realistic neuron models was proposed. Evaluation of the previous large-scale neural network chip system showed its ability of learning and fast processing, however, the next-generation brain computer requires further R and D of some novel architecture, device and system. 184 refs., 41 figs., 2 tabs.
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Study on accretion of ice on oscillating aerofoils; Shindoyokujo no chakuhyo ni kansuru kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Nishikawa, S; Sugihara, H [Kandenko Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan); Kimura, S; Sugiyama, Y [Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Kanagawa (Japan); Tsuboi, K [Ibaraki University, Ibaraki (Japan). Faculty of Engineering
1997-11-25
The effects of pitching and heaving motions of an aerofoil on accretion of ice thereon are investigated for the design of wind turbine blades. The conditions under which an aerofoil shows a heaving motion are 10m/s as wind velocity, -12degC as ambient temperature, 0.5Hz as frequency and 5mm as amplitude. Initial growth of ice is stochastic to a great extent; ice grows rapidly around the seed which is formed by chance somewhere on an laerofoil. The effects of ice appear in the flow field in the vicinity of the aerofoil front edge, as it continues to grow, providing different conditions for water droplets to collide with each other. Average ice shapes can be classified by environment, although at low repeatability. Range of ice accretion varies depending on aerofoil motion, whether it is pitching, heaving or at rest. The most important factor that determines behavior of ice accretion is conditions of the flow field near the aerofoil front edge. In a pitching or heaving motion, its speed is an important factor for growth of ice. 2 refs., 5 figs.
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Research and development project plans for FY 1995; 1995 nendo kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo keikaku
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1995-04-01
The present research and development project plans for FY 1995 administrated by NEDO consist of research and development of new energy, and research and development of industrial technology. Are illustrated further enhancement of new energy introduction promotion measures, new stage of international projects, promotion of new energy and new energy technology development, further enhancement of industrial and scientific technology research and development, integrated measures against global and urban environment problems, and budget of NEDO projects in FY 1995. The research and development of new energy includes coal conversion technology, solar energy technology, geothermal energy technology, energy conversion and storage technology, hydrogen, alcohol and biomass energy technology, geothermal energy resources, coal resources development, new energy promotion department activities, NEDO information center activities, and so on. On the other hand, the research and development of industrial technology includes research and development of industrial technology, and global environment technology. The research and development of industrial technology consists of superconductivity, new materials, biotechnology, electronics, information and communications, machinery and aerospace, natural resources, humanity, life and society, and various leading researches.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Yoshida, K.; Suzuki, H.; Ide, T. [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan)
1996-12-31
Discussed herein are mooring performance requirements of the new types of marine structures now proposed, and characteristic ranges and future expansion potential of the existing mooring systems. The mooring systems studied for floating structures are catenary, single point (multi-leg and single-leg types), fixed structure with fender and tension leg mooring systems. The studied items include extraction of the elements that constitute rigidity of the spring for horizontal mooring, survey on and data collection for each element, determination of element ranges, programs for mooring analysis, assessment of mooring characteristic ranges, and potential development of the characteristic ranges. It is concluded that the existing systems with their current characteristic ranges and future possibility are insufficient for the future marine structures. It is therefore necessary to develop new mooring concepts, instead of expanding the current concepts, in order to meet the mooring performance requirements for the new marine structures. 14 refs., 9 figs., 11 tabs.
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Research study on harmonized molecular materials (HMM); Bunshi kyocho zairyo ni kansuru chosa kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
As functional material to satisfy various needs for environmental harmonization and efficient conversion for information-oriented and aging societies, HMM were surveyed. Living bodies effectively carry out transmission/processing of information, and transport/conversion of substances, and these functions are based on harmonization between organic molecules, and between those and metal or inorganic ones. HMM is a key substance to artificially realize these bio-related functions. Its R & D aims at (1) Making a breakthrough in production process based on innovation of material separation/conversion technology, (2) Contribution to an information-oriented society by high-efficiency devices, and (3) Growth of a functional bio-material industry. HMM is classified into three categories: (1) Assembly materials such as organic ultra-thin films (LB film, self-organizing film), and organic/inorganic hybrid materials for optoelectronics, sensors and devices, (2) Mesophase materials such as functional separation membrane and photo-conductive material, and (3) Microporous materials such as synthetic catalyst using guest/host materials. 571 refs., 88 figs., 21 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
Computer chemistry was investigationally studied. The advance of theoretical chemistry is indispensable to the design of materials, and the theory and high speed computational method are expected which can simulate the real system with more accuracy. It is basic to simulate structures and physical properties of structural molecules and the aggregate, but the meso region, the intermedium region between structural molecules and the aggregate, has became regarded as important. Rough visualization models in high polymer materials and the progress of computational software/hardware of quantum chemistry/molecular dynamics such as catalyst become necessary. Seamless zooming is proposed as a concept of the software which simulates materials from micro/macro/meso viewpoints. Moreover, to make the most of computer chemistry, an integrated system is necessary which generally handles computational software, database, etc. For the development of software, indispensable is the demonstrative verification by a combination of experiments and researchers. Under a commission from NEDO, the investigational research was conducted as a leading study during fiscal 1996 and 1997 to view the course of the research. 17 refs., 37 figs., 5 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
For developing intelligent material, animal test alternative model, bio-cell analysis equipment, self-controlling bio-reactor and medical material, development of functional cells was studied by cell proliferation regulation technology. In fiscal 1996, the expression analysis and separation technology of specific gene for cell proliferation, and the intracellular regulation technology were surveyed from the viewpoint of intracellular regulation. The cell proliferation regulation technology by specific regulating material of cells, extracellular matrix, coculture system and embryonic cell was surveyed from the viewpoint of extracellular regulation. In addition, based on these survey results, new cell culture/analysis technology, new bio-material, artificial organ system, energy saving bio-reactor, environment purification microorganism, and animal test alternative model were surveyed as applications to industrial basic technologies from a long-term viewpoint. The approach to cell proliferation regulation requires preparation of a concrete proliferation regulation technology system of cells, and concrete application targets. 268 refs., 43 figs., 4 tabs.
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Introductory study of brain function data processing; No kino joho shori no sendo kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
An investigational study was conducted of the brain function aiming at developing an interface with the same function as humans have. In the study, the most up-to-date information/knowledge and future problems were examined on brain measurement, brain modeling, making a model an element, and the brain function data processing system. As to the brain measurement, the paper took up the multielectrode simultaneous measuring method and the optical multipoint measuring method as an invasive measuring method, and the functional magnetic resonance imaging, near-infrared spectroscopy, magneto-encephalography, and electro-encephalography as a non-invasive measuring method. Relating to the brain modeling, studies were made on senses of sight and smell, the movement control and the learning. As to making a model an element, how to make the modeled function a chip on silicone for example becomes the problem. Reported were two reports on making the sense of sight an element and one report on making the parallel dispersed processing mechanism of brain an element. About the brain function data processing system, three reports were made on the present situation, matters in question, and the future development of the system in the case of catching data processing as a system taking a step ahead from making the model an element. 250 refs., 74 figs., 11 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
Hazardous ingredients in gases exhausted from diesel, refuse treatment facilities, etc. are becoming the problem. The development is expected of porous ceramic films which have functions of separation/purification at high temperature. By making good use of the technology to synthesize ceramic films with uniform through pores of several ten nm order and the technology to form 1D through pores of several ten - 100{mu} m order, the development of the following technologies were made and are in sight: enhancement of functions of gas separation/purification, function of catalyst-carrying to be given, porous film formation/base material fabrication. For the commercialization of high performance structure use ceramic parts, required is innovation of the production method by which the production cost is reduced without damaging the characteristics. Technologies were used of micro-fine raw materials, rapid sintering, texture assessment, analysis, etc., and study was made of cost reduction in high performance ceramic parts. For energy conservation by reducing the sintering temperature, the following were trially conducted: mechanical ironing, use of low grade raw material, use of superplastic reformation and forging, etc. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
Product evaluation has been investigated from a viewpoint of compatibility with human life by considering human being as the subject of life. This report describes the investigation results. Product evaluation is defined as evaluating products on a consumer-oriented viewpoint and informing consumers of the evaluation results. According to a questionnaire survey with regard to daily living products, products in the low degree of satisfaction in their usage were electric tooth brush, video camera, electric rice jar, vacuum cleaner, and electric iron. Contents of dissatisfaction with these products were classified by aspect, i.e., human aspect regarding human body/recognition, life aspect regarding functions of products and how to use them, and sensitivity aspect such as appearance of products. Thus, points at issue were clarified. As regards the human aspect, incompatibility between the size/form of products and human body/posture, and recognition psychological incompatibility such as difficulty in understanding function or operation of products were pointed out. Establishment of a method for measuring and evaluating the human`s body functions and the compatibility with products, and necessity of the acquisition of human`s body characteristic data and the consolidation positions are also described. 4 refs., 42 figs., 30 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1991-04-01
Research, development and evaluation were performed with an objective of establishing the basic technology related to three-dimensional circuit elements that integrate functions at ultra-high density. For the basic technology of lamination, the SOI technology suitable for the three-dimensional circuit elements was developed, and it has become possible to manufacture high-quality multi-layered crystalline structure by means of annealing that uses laser and electron beam. In addition, a lateral epitaxial technology for solid phase was developed, and the base to be applied to the three-dimensional circuit elements was established. Furthermore, the technology to put thin film circuits together would be useful for high-density integration in the future. The three-dimensional circuit makes parallel processing in each segment possible, whereas a possibility was shown that the processing can be performed at much higher speed than before. Actually a prototype three-dimensional circuit equipped with functions for parallel processing and judgment processing was fabricated. The image pre-processing which has been impossible on the real time basis in the conventional two-dimensional integrated circuit was realized in a speed as fast as milli-second order. These achievements lead to a belief that the targets for the present research and development have been achieved. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
For the purpose of prevention of water pollution, stable water supply in the Philippines, etc., developmental study was made of a waste water treatment/water recycling system, and the FY 2000 results were summed up. In the operational study of Pilot Plant 1, for the waste water in the papermaking process of used paper recycling plant, development was studied of a waste water treatment/water recycling system. There occurred problems on minuteness, outflow, etc. of anaerobic granules, but those were caused by malfunction of SS removal equipment at plant side. The problems were solved by increasing flocculation/precipitation facilities. As to Pilot Plant 2 of which the R and D are planned to be started in April 2001, the food processing plant was surveyed for study, and SYSCORE was selected. Relating to the waste water treatment test of Pilot Plant 2, researchers of the Industrial Technology Development Institute (ITDI) of the Philippines conducted it under the guidance of the experimental data analysis. Besides, the paper carried out the training for technology spread/acceptance, technology spread seminar, support study in Japan, etc. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1989-05-01
Development was made on a technology to evaluate quality of composite materials. Few data are available for environmental resistance of composite materials, whereas identification of environmental deterioration behavior and establishment of a environmental resistance evaluating technology are a significant issue in utilizing these materials as new materials for space, aeronautics, and marine applications in the future. The present research was taken up with objectives to elucidate deterioration behavior of composite materials exposed to special environment in the atmosphere and space and to establish methods for acceleration tests and environmental performance evaluation by using simulated environments equivalent to the natural environment exposure. The former period (fiscal 1982 through 1984) has investigated environmental conditions in the atmosphere and space, prepared standard test specimens, performed design on environmental devices simulating the environmental elements, as well as tests on deterioration due to environmental elements, and systematized the deterioration characteristics to establish composite test conditions. The latter period (fiscal 1985 through 1988) has developed the composite environment testing device based on the result achieved in the former period, elucidated the deterioration behavior under the composite environmental conditions, and performed evaluation tests on the developed composite materials (FRP). (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1978-07-01
This paper describes the summary of research achievements in fiscal 1978 in research and development of new energy technologies at the General Research Institute of Electronics Technologies using the NEDO's development expense. For measurement of solar beam spectral radiation illuminance, measurement data in ultraviolet and visible zones were collected. Comprehensive adjustment was performed on near infrared zone measuring devices. In solar thermal power generation, discussions were given on three kinds of collector combinations as a study on enhancement and optimization of functions in small-size system models. Fundamental studies on solar cells are continuing, including those for compound and amorphous semiconductors. Development of new electrode materials having large work function, and module performance tests are being progressed in order to realize solar heat electron power generation. In hydrogen manufacturing using the high-temperature direct pyrolysis method, studies are being performed on thermal decomposition performance and the hydrogen separation method (using separation membranes). Regarding hydrogen fuel cells, power generation experiments were executed by using zirconia solid electrolyte type fuel cells. Methodological development is being moved forward to realize a total energy system including the future societies and nature. This paper also describes experimental studies on power generation using ocean temperature difference. It also describes high-temperature ionization gases and superconducting magnets as the seeds of new energy technologies. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1978-07-01
This paper describes the summary of research achievements in fiscal 1978 in research and development of new energy technologies at the General Research Institute of Electronics Technologies using the NEDO's development expense. For measurement of solar beam spectral radiation illuminance, measurement data in ultraviolet and visible zones were collected. Comprehensive adjustment was performed on near infrared zone measuring devices. In solar thermal power generation, discussions were given on three kinds of collector combinations as a study on enhancement and optimization of functions in small-size system models. Fundamental studies on solar cells are continuing, including those for compound and amorphous semiconductors. Development of new electrode materials having large work function, and module performance tests are being progressed in order to realize solar heat electron power generation. In hydrogen manufacturing using the high-temperature direct pyrolysis method, studies are being performed on thermal decomposition performance and the hydrogen separation method (using separation membranes). Regarding hydrogen fuel cells, power generation experiments were executed by using zirconia solid electrolyte type fuel cells. Methodological development is being moved forward to realize a total energy system including the future societies and nature. This paper also describes experimental studies on power generation using ocean temperature difference. It also describes high-temperature ionization gases and superconducting magnets as the seeds of new energy technologies. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Nakagawa, Y. [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)
1999-11-25
The project conducted by NEDO for developing a high-temperature superconducting flywheel energy storage system is introduced; the two test results of fundamental studies are described. One is the measurement of levitation force and rotation loss of superconducting magnetic bearings composed of oxide superconducting bulks and permanent magnet composite. Two types of superconducting magnetic bearings. axial and radial types, were fabricated and tested. The other test was the fabrication and testing of two functional models. A small-sized superconducting flywheel model of the 0.5 kWh class was fabricated and tested. A medium-sized rotating functional model of the 10 kWh class was fabricated as well. (author)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)
1994-12-01
This paper reports the survey results on the manufacturing technology trend of thin substrate solar cells for practical use in fiscal 1994. In production of Si raw material, as electron beam melting and ingot production are combined, C, P, Ca and Al are removed by evaporation, while Fe and Ti by solidifying segregation. As the basic technology of continuous casting for substrate production, a drop coagulation method for Si melt is under investigation which is more advantageous in unidirectional solidification and cell conversion efficiency than conventional methods. The cost and future of single crystal Si and polycrystal Si were compared on the basis of document survey. Every institute commonly uses FZ substrates to produce single crystal Si cells, and SiO2 for surface passivation. New cell structure, hetero-structure, thin cell, crystalline defect and lifetime are under investigation for ultrahigh-efficiency solar cells. The technology trend was also surveyed through academic societies and conferences. 5 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)
1994-12-01
This paper reports the survey results on systems and peripheral technologies for use of PV power in fiscal 1994. On the case study of PV communities, as housing zone PV community, Seibu Kitanodai housing estate mainly composed of detached houses, and the Suwa area of Tama New Town of apartment houses were selected to study PV power generation on a roof, wall and window. The result clarified that generated energy of a detached house reaches 3-4 times as much as consumed one, that of an apartment house is nearly equal to consumed one, and power generation of nearly 380MW is possible based on expected housing supply until 2000. As urban core zone PV community, the survey result on Ebisu Garden Place clarified that the expected PV power supply rate is 10% or more, 20% and 30% or more for hotel and office buildings, high-rise apartment building more than 30 stories, and medium-rise one of 10 and several stories, respectively. In Sakura industrial estate, the maximum generated power was nearly equal to consumed power in a weekday, and as inverse power flow in a holiday was considered, the annual PV power supply rate was extremely high.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)
1994-12-01
This paper reports the study results on R and D of nickel-hydride storage battery for photovoltaic generation systems in fiscal 1994. (1) On the study on low-cost electrode materials, the physical properties and electrode characteristics were studied of the prototype hydrogen absorbing alloys prepared by substituting Cu or Ni for Co in Mm(Ni-Co-Mn-Al)5 (Mm: mixture of rare earth elements). The result clarified that it is difficult to reduce Co content in the alloy to 0.4 atom or less. Simple heat treatment and milling processes in production of hydrogen absorbing alloy electrodes were achieved by adopting an improved metal mold and gas atomization method. Characteristics and cycle life of the Ni positive electrode prepared by applying active paste material of Ni(OH)2 were studied, however, the result showed only lives of nearly 300 cycles. (2) On the study on electrode structure for high-performance (long-life) battery, the 3-D porous metal electrode support was evaluated, and various battery configurations were studied. 11 figs., 1 tab.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Researches were conducted aiming at the establishment of an ozone-aided highly efficient decomposition process for the persistent organic matters in municipal sewage and industrial wastewater. Tested for verification were advanced water treatment technologies of the biological function acceleration type and the effect of their combination with the accelerated oxidation method, conditions necessary for efficient operation, and water treatment apparatuses and systems for operating them at high efficiency. Some findings are stated below. With an ozone-aided process performed at the first stage of biological treatment, biological decomposition is accelerated for a rise in the persistent organic matter decomposition rate. This is nothing but a finding in the laboratory, however, and much remains to be disclosed concerning the optimum conditions, reforming of sludge to be generated, volume reduction of the same, etc. Another finding involves the acceleration of decomposition of persistent organic matters using ozone in combination with hydrogen peroxide, ultraviolet radiation, titanium oxide, and the like. There still remain numerous tasks to carry out, however, which relate to the investigation of the reaction mechanism, establishment of operating conditions and criteria for selecting oxidants, etc. As for ozone, remaining to be solved are the problems of generation cost, storage and preservation, and safety. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1991-03-01
Research, development and evaluation were performed in order to establish basic technologies to realize new information processing incorporating high-order functions of living organisms, and bio-elements equipped with high-order functions. In the field of developing technical means to measure directly the information processing function of living organisms, detailed analysis has become possible for the first time on spatial operation of nerve activities by using two-dimensional beam measurement operation on the nerve activities. In the field of aiming at modeling, a system to realize functions effective in terms of engineering was structured by incorporating into the model the functions specific to nervous systems of visual sense and motion. In the field of element technologies, a large progress was seen in the basic technology and evaluation technology such as design and fabrication of molecules added with different functions in the LB membrane. Membranes having simple but different functions such as light beam and scent detection were manufactured, whereas a possibility of having them manifest functions as elements was verified. Furthermore, possibilities were discovered in manufacturing functional membranes by using self-organizing capability as a result of using basic properties possessed by polymers, and in realizing functions simulating plasticity of nerves. These achievements would lead to a belief that the targets of the first term research and development have been achieved nearly completely. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1989-05-01
This paper carries the specifications for advanced composites in the investigation (SACOI), and lists the titles and organizations and persons in charge. The paper describes the specifications for test and measurement methods for each title. The titles are: testing methods of matrix resins for carbon fiber reinforced plastics, measurement method for thermogravimetry and glass transition temperature for the same plastics, measuring methods for specific gravity, fiber and void contents of carbon fiber reinforced plastics, testing methods for tensile properties, compression properties, apparent interlaminar shear strength, tension fatigue, interlaminar fracture toughness, crack propagation, high velocity impact, izod impact, and environmental resistance for the same plastics, evaluation methods for hot-press formability of prepreg, autoclave formability of prepreg for the same plastics, measuring methods for tex count, density, and fiber volume fraction of wire preform, testing methods for tensile strength at room temperature, tensile strength at elevated temperature of wire preform, measuring methods for thermal expansion coefficient, tension properties, compression properties, tensile shear strength, interlaminar shear strength, in-plane shear strength, tensile fatigue, high velocity impact and regular impact of wire preform. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
For the purpose of eliminating bad effects of the maintenance/management of equipment/facilities of plants which are made separately and of heightening efficiency of work and improving technology, persons in charge of maintenance/management, persons requesting maintenance/management and official research institutes proceeded as one with the construction of a system doing maintenance/management work. Concretely, three parties cooperated in integration and enhancement of element technologies such as inspection/diagnosis and arrangement/repair and developed the maintenance/management system (maintenance center) which does not specify objects. Based on this system, development was made of the network connecting between the center and facilities, diagnosis car, and multi-functional repair car. Studies were made on the following three. As to the system development, conducted were the development of a deterioration mode prediction system, basic structuring of a remote maintenance network, and making of fatigue/corrosion/abrasion database. Concerning the tool development, technology to foresee damages on the static portion such as piping, etc. were developed. In the study of field application, conducted were analysis of maintenance flow, development of retrieval system of equipment parts/personnel/operation procedures and multi-functional repair car, etc. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
This R and D is aimed firstly at trially developing next generation mobile business terminals (MBT) based on the technical standards of MBT of which the standards were completed in the fiscal 1996 R and D of Mobile Office Promotion Association (MOPA), secondly at developing an evaluation method for trial terminals and establishing the technical standards of MBT through data communication among different terminals and confirmation of application motions, and thirdly at promoting the international standardization. The study was conducted in the following procedures: 1) making of a comprehensive examination-standardization working group, determination of the use of trial terminals and the MBT evaluation method; 2) trial development of the MBT standards and prototypes; 3) study of the MBT evaluation method; 4) evaluation test on the prototypes; 5) comprehensive evaluation. As the fruit of the study, the evaluation/test specifications were completed, and the evaluation tests among different terminals were conducted. As a result of the evaluation test, the transplantation of MBT managers was done almost with no problems. The MBT adaptability evaluation test was also done almost without problems. 6 figs., 6 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
Achievements in fiscal 2000 were put into order for research and development of synergy ceramics aimed at completion of high temperature energy materials and ultra-precision materials. Activities were taken in the following four areas: 1) materialization technologies and advanced assessment and design technologies, 2) application technologies, 3) common basic technologies, and 4) assessment on composite function manifestation process. In Item 1), discussions were given on ultra-precision materials, high temperature energy materials, member designing basic technologies, materials to detect stress and microfine destruction, pore pattern controlling porous materials, and self-restoration and self-lubrication functioning materials. In Item 2), discussions were given on material and light selection functioning materials, high abrasion resistant and easy-to-process materials, high performance resistance materials for electric power devices, and flexible sliding materials. In the material and light selection functioning materials, their material selecting function was manifested by controlling micro pores through xerogelation on inorganic and organic hybrids. In the assessment of the composite function manifesting process, the wet type forming process was assessed, that uses microfine powder for model parts assuming cut members. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-12-01
In fiscal 1996, the initial cooling test and rotary excitation test were conducted for the 70,000kW slow-response type model machine, with the basic characteristics of the rotor verified such as the cooling characteristics, shaft vibration characteristics, mechanical strength, and superconductivity stability, and with the results of the studies explained. The rotor of the 70,000kW slow-response type model was installed in the test site, and the field test was carried out in 1997. For this purpose, research test was performed by the element technology of the model machine and the partial model. The technological development items, trial manufacture and test items were field winding, multi cylindrical rotor and damper. Upon the test results using the element and partial model, the design and manufacturing were implemented of the superconducting generator of a slow-response type excitation method with the output of 70,000kW class. Performed were the basic characteristic test, long-term operation test and severity test on the assumption of abnormality, verifying the characteristics and reliability of the generator as well as obtaining data concerning an excessive electromagnetic force and heat generation. From the test data and the analysis/evaluation results obtained on the model machine, the 200,000kW class pilot machine was reviewed in the conceptual design. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-09-01
This report explains the outline as Part 1. In fiscal 1997, the 10th year of the project, a multi cylindrical rotary model for which an in-situ verification test was finished was brought back to the plant and dismantled for examination, while the in-situ verification test of a slow-response type model machine rotor was conducted in combination with a refrigeration system. In addition, in the research of AC wire materials and oxide based materials, studies were made with a purpose of high characterization and long wire materialization. In the metallic materials, a 10kANbTi conductor was developed while, in oxide-based materials, research was done on performance improvement and wire materialization based on various synthesizing methods. The manufacturing, factory test and in-situ text were conducted for a 70,000kW model machine with the purpose of R and D of a 200,000kW class pilot machine. Examination was made on the test method of the 70,000kW class model machine, operation technology of a superconducting generation system, and the effect of introducing the superconducting generator into a power system. In the conventional refrigeration system, a single unit test was carried out for the liquefaction, liquid storing capacity, etc., of the system. The 70,000kW class model machine was put through a test for confirming the general operation including the refrigeration system. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-05-01
Element technology research was performed on 'rotation control' aimed at practical application of a 10-MW class high-temperature superconducting flywheel power storage system. As part of the research, researches were carried out on small-size and middle-size models, low-loss control type magnetic bearing, and large-size models. For the small-size model, as a result of performing performance tests on the protective bearing by using a testing machine, it was revealed that the model is free of problems in the test for up to 5000 rpm. For the middle-size model, fabrication and installation were completed on a middle-size rotation control testing equipment having CFRP-made flywheel with a diameter of 1 m. In the control type bearing, as a result of adopting a homo-polar type magnetic pole, the rotation loss was reduced to about 1/5 of that of a hetero-polar type. The amount is about 75 W (12000 rpm) when the bias current is 1.5 A. Concept design was implemented on a 2-MWh flywheel bearing system supported with a high-temperature superconducting magnetic bearing as a full-size flywheel. The CFRP-made flywheel has a diameter of 4 m, and a circumferential velocity of 1200 m. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1988-03-01
The research and development in the second term included development of raw materials, elucidation of electricity conduction mechanism, and development of methods to improve stability and a new processing method. Crystals of a large number of charge migrating complexes were grown to elucidate their electron properties and structures. A theoretical model was structured for the superconduction mechanism in the charge migrating complexes. Poly-p-phenylene vinylene-based polymers achieved {sigma}=1.1 times 10{sup 4}s/cm as a result of extension of soluble reaction intermediates. Poly-2, 5-phenylene vinylene doped with FeCl{sub 3} retained 10{sup 3}s/m for 165 days in nitrogen. Polypyrrole achieved 3.0 times 10{sup 3}s/cm in constant potential electrolytically oxidizing polymerization and extension at low temperatures. Polypyrrole doped with ClO{sub 4}{sup -} retained electric conductivity of 85% for 400 days in nitrogen. Electric conductivity of higher than 10{sup 5}s/cm was obtained by applying different kinds of doping into thin film and fiber formed graphite. The world's highest conductivity of 9 times 10{sup 5}s/cm was achieved particularly with discharge laminated and polymerized graphite doped with AsF{sub 5}. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1982-03-01
Researches are conducted for the development of a technology of producing useful gases such as acetylene, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, etc., from coal by the use of the high temperature and high-density energy of the plasma jet. In an experiment using a 100kW 3-port plasma-aided gasification unit, rapid quenching tests are conducted using hydrogen and helium, where the reaction furnace is changed, the specimen feed device is changed, and the plasma torch head is replaced by a high-power head. In a test of the coal specimen, it is found that rapid quenching exerts a great effect on the prevention of re-decomposition of the generated acetylene into hydrogen and carbon black and that a rise in the hydrogen partial pressure results in a great decrease in the quantity of acetylene generated. The said torch head replacement increases the rate of the coal specimen infiltrating into the plasma flame, which brings about an increase in the quantity of acetylene generated. It is found after all that the conventional acetylene yield of 34g/kWh increases to 59g/kWh in a rapid quenching test in which the specimen is dried Akabira coal and the plasma is an argon gas plasma containing 40% hydrogen. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1989-05-01
This R and D project is aimed at development of highly functional materials for aerospace devices, bringing into focus research and development of resin-based composite materials (FRPs), metal-based composite materials (FRMs), and evaluation of their properties and their design techniques. The basic target properties are heat resistance temperature of 250 degrees C or higher and tensile strength of 240 kg/mm{sup 2} or more for the FRPs, and heat resistance temperature of 450 degrees C or higher and tensile strength of 150 kgf/mm{sup 2} or more for the FRMs. This R and D program has been implemented for 8 years for development of raw materials, molding/processing techniques, quality evaluation and designs through information exchange and discussions of the experts in each area under integrated, close cooperation from raw materials to molding/processing. Most of the data indicate that the target properties and objects are satisfied or exceeded. It is therefore concluded that this project for the composite materials, extending for 8 years in 3 phases, has sufficiently achieved the initial objects. The unique techniques are incorporated in the raw materials, molding/processing processes, quality evaluation and designs. These efforts have produced the FRPs and FRMs of the world highest qualities. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
1991-10-25
This paper is a research report in which the cultivated production of forest resources, the development to useful substances and the systematization to take the root in a region were studied. The distribution maps of biological resources on respective woodland systems: that is, the nationwide distribution maps of the amount of resources in Japan as to the broadleaf trees in private forests and national forests, the available amount and kinds of tree were prepared. As for the establishment of cultivation technique of the super-short deforestation forest, that is, pursue of wooden growth to the maximum limit, the superior clone 26 system was selected from the willow group through the research of wooden cultivation and the clone which showed the maximum yield reached 24t/ha every year. As for the material preparation technique due to microbial enzymes, that is, the creation and breeding of fungi which have the high lignin decomposition power, a stock of fungi which has the high lignin decomposition power and the decomposition selectivity was created by the cell fusion and the UV (ultraviolet ray) radiation treatment. As for the use of effective components in wooden resources, many useful characteristics could be detected by applying the boiling, bursting and ozone treatment. As for the mushroom cultivation through the application of unused tree kinds, a new kind of mushroom for food service was selected to clarify the possibility of fruit body formation. The development of a new material from conifers is promising. 1 tab.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
With an objective to perform diagnoses and medical treatment in space limited portions in living organisms, research on micro-machine systems, research on a scanning type photographing unit in the medical micro-machine, and comprehensive surveys and researches have been conducted. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1999. In the research of a micro laser catheter, a prototype laser head having an outer diameter of 1 mm was fabricated, whereas composition was realized with a micro catheter having an outer diameter of 1.5 mm. With regard to the micro pressure sensor for catheterization, good active curving action was realized by a catheter in which a pressure sensor is mounted in the SMA curved catheter head. Research on the scanning type photographing unit has been carried out, for reducing further the diameter and size of an endoscope, on a photographing unit using laser beam whose cross section area of the tip optical section is about half of the conventional units. As a result, a high resolution scanning type photographing unit was realized based on the fiber optic system using a scanning mirror. In the comprehensive surveys and researches, items of information were collected in relation with the basic technologies for micro-machines. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
Out of the R and D on the environmental harmony type combustion technology, the results of the project carried out in fiscal 1997 were summed up. In the site survey, etc., visits were paid to France, Spain, Greek, Germany, the U.K. and the U.S. to have discussions and examine the trend of research on the NOx removal catalyst and catalyst combustion. In the actual R and D, the R and D were conducted on zeolite base NOx removal catalyst, oxide composite base NOx removal catalyst, alumina base NOx removal catalyst, direct decomposition type NOx removal catalyst, catalyst combustion, etc. In the R and D of the catalyst combustion, durability under high gas flow flux was examined of PdO-Pt/Ba-Al203 catalyst developed for low temperature use, which indicated that durability and low temperature activity were heightened. As high temperature use catalyst, high temperature durability was examined of the developed Pd0-La/Gd-ZrO2 catalyst, which showed that the durability was favorable. 322 refs., 261 figs., 55 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
1992-03-01
The paper studies the measures for reduction of environmental load of CO2 from the standpoint of chemical technology. As for methanol synthesis from CO2, accelerating of the reaction using Cu base compound catalyst is reported. Also, CO2 is methanated at high speed by low temperature waste heat using Ni-La2O3-Ru catalyst. Discussions are given on the subject for development of catalyst reaction relating to hydrogen production technology by methane reforming reaction using steam or CO2. Synthesis of polymetric materials by use of CO2 is also described. The paper mentions that it is indispensable to design high-function electrode and elucidate the reaction mechanism of electrochemical CO2 reduction for electrochemical and photochemical CO2 reduction measures. Moreover, in case of using solar energy, it is required to study photovoltaic excitation process in semiconductor electrode/ electrolyte solution interface. For production of hydrogen from CO2 by photosynthetic organisms and solar energy, the problem is control of inhibiting effect of oxygen combinedly produced. Described are production of polyhydroxy butyric acid and biodegradable polymer from CO2 and hydrogen by bacteria, and CO2 fixation imitating the enzyme reaction. 267 refs., 79 figs., 32 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1991-03-01
Research, development and evaluation were performed with an objective of establishing the basic technology related to the recombinant DNA utilizing technology to create new microorganisms for processes in the chemical industry. The major achievements of the present research and development include establishment of the P450 gene manifestation system attributed from microsomes and mitochondria, and the success of the world's first simultaneous manifestation of P450 and reduction enzyme. Furthermore, the fused enzyme combining P450 and the reduction enzyme genetically was successfully manufactured ahead of the other countries, opening the way to industrializing the recombinant enzymes for use in bio-processes in the chemical industry. In creating a high-efficiency secretion recombinant bacillus subtilis stock, a bacillus subtilis host whose protease activity has been noticeably decreased was created. As an achievement of the research on the 'basic recombinant DNA technology', high-efficiency manifestation vector of medium level thermophile was created, and its usefulness was demonstrated. In addition, a host and vector system for high level thermophile was developed for the first time in the world. These achievements have opened the way to industrial utilization of the thermophilic bacteria. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)
1994-12-01
This paper reports the study results on R and D of redox flow battery for photovoltaic power generation in fiscal 1994. (1) On the production method of electrolyte, silica reduction treatment was attempted to use ammonium metavanadate recovered from boiler as electrolyte of redox flow battery. Silica removal rates more than 90% were achieved by crystallizing V as polyvanadate while keeping molten silica. It was ascertained in minicell experiment that trivalent and quadrivalent V electrolytes produced from recovered V are applicable to continuous charge/discharge operation for one week. (2) On development of battery systems, the relation between battery characteristics and physicochemical properties of carbon fiber electrodes was studied to improve carbon fiber electrodes. The efficiency of 80% was achieved at current density of 160mA/cm{sup 2} by use of layered electrodes, resulting in considerable cost reduction. Performance evaluation operation of the 2kW battery prepared in the last fiscal year was also carried out. 4 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1985-03-30
The research and development in the first term has searched widely different kinds of raw materials, elucidated electricity conduction mechanism, discussed processing technologies and evaluation methods. It also included molecule designing to develop new raw materials. A method for growing good single crystals of charge migrating complexes was developed, and (BEDT-TTF){sub 2}I{sub 3} crystals were found to manifest superconductivity at 8K under pressure of 1.3 kbar. In addition, elucidation was made on conduction characteristics of (TMTSF){sub 2}ClO{sub 4} being an induction superconductor, and on its superconduction mechanism. Polyacetylene films oriented at a high level by epitaxial polymerization were synthesized, the carrier hopping mechanism of polyacetylene was proposed, and the direction of increasing the conductivity was shown. It was discovered that cyanoacetylene is thermally polymerized at a relatively low temperature, turning into polymer with good orientation and easily into graphite. Polymeric intermediates soluble to polyparaphenylene vinylene (PPV) were synthesized, whereas these intermediates were found to have shaping and stretching properties, and conductivity of 2.8 times 10{sup 3}s/cm was obtained in PPV doped after the stretching. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
This paper reports a summary of results in fiscal 1997 of research and development of human media technology. Fiscal 1997 launched design and trial fabrication of the following items: interface to improve efficiency and safety of plant operators, accommodation of multimedia contents to aid Kansei design, city development design aiding technologies using contents retrieval and presentation technologies and virtual reality, and empirical evaluation technologies for safety, comfort and convenience. Specific study assignments were extracted on a virtual media technology, a Kansei media technology and a knowledge media technology being three elementary technologies for human media to make clear the research and development approaches to be taken in the coming fiscal years. In addition, a human media technology committee, a research and development working group, and an investigation working group were established. Also launched were investigations on research trends in the human media technology, and investigative researches on contacts of information needs in industries with human media. 59 refs., 114 figs., 24 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1989-12-01
This survey is aimed at acquiring the basic data required for judging a possibility of development/import of steam coal in Indonesia (west of Java, north of Sumatra and west of Sumatra). Areas for survey are Meulaboh coal field in north Sumatra, Ombilin III area in West Sumatra, and Bayah coal field in West Java. The survey includes the field survey to grasp the situation of coal seam existence, coal quality, coal amount, etc. and activities for collecting the related data and information from the organizations concerned. The Meulaboh coal field has a technical possibility of open pit mining of medium scale. However, the heating value is extremely low, around 4,300 kcal/kg. Judging from this coal quality, there is no possibility of exporting it. It can be said that Ombilin coal is the world's top class steam coal. Accordingly, the demand can be expected both in export use and domestic use. As to Bayah coal, Bemmelen (1949) concluded that the coal was extremely excellent in quality, but had great disadvantages such as thin coal seam, discontinuity, and complicated geological structure. To date, the conclusion has been unchanged. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
Among the activity goals of CTI (climate technology initiative), which is a framework designed to encourage international cooperation of leading nations in the voluntary development and diffusion of technologies supposed to contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, there is the promotion of the transfer and diffusion of climate change preventing technologies. To achieve the goal, energy efficiency oriented workshops will be held as part of the training for the raising of people skilled in energy saving, the results will be examined, the achievements attained at such events will be introduced at COP5 (Conference of the Parties at Bonn), and the responses of the respective countries will be reviewed, all these for the investigation of the feasibility of international cooperation for raising people dedicated to the reduction of greenhouse gas emission. In this fiscal year, aiming to make clear the possibility of contribution to the transfer of software-related technologies through cooperation of multiple nations, lecturers from leading countries and participants from developing nations met, held a workshop over energy efficiency technologies, and the results were compiled. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
As part of the (district energy-saving visions for City of Iwai), the feasibility study is implemented for citizen community facilities which utilize waste heat discharged from factories in the city. More concretely, those items studied include a heated pool, other community facilities and botanical garden of tropical plants which utilize waste heat of exhaust gas cooling water heated to around 70 degrees C by a desulfurization unit at a pulp factory. Case 1 includes the citizen community facilities (e.g., heated pool and bath facilities), and Case 2 includes a green house botanical garden, involving studies on facility scales, requirements of heat and recycling water, hot water supply, air conditioning, bath systems, and heating systems for green houses. It is estimated that the citizen community facilities have an energy saving effect of 640kL/y as fuel oil, which corresponds to saving of around 29 million yen/y, and CO2 abatement effect of 471t/y as carbon, and that the green house botanical garden has an energy saving effect of 669kL/y as fuel oil, which corresponds to saving of around 30 million yen/y, and CO2 abatement effect of 492t/y as carbon. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
A survey was conducted of various systems which use in summer cold heat from the snow stored in winter. A model of the cold accumulated heat system of the type which has a high possibility of the introduction was built to study a possibility of the realization. Types of the model system were selected assuming the utilization of cold heat energy of snow in Sapporo, a typical large city in the cold heavy-snow area. Studies were made on each model of urban type commercial facilities, urban type offices, suburban type shopping center, and suburban type hospitals. For each model, more than one systems were studied according to types and forms of the storage tank, and heat recovery methods. As a result, it was found that cold heat energy of snow can be utilized almost effectively by making an appropriate study of the energy balance like the possible supply of cold heat exceeded the demand in two models of an urban type office building and an suburban type hospital. Further, operating expenses of typical models were roughly calculated. 51 figs., 20 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sato, H; Shima, H [Oyo Corp., Tokyo (Japan)
1997-05-27
To investigate a possibility of exploration of underground water flow as well as to grasp the underground fluid flow by measuring streaming potential at the ground surface, some experiments were conducted using a model unit by considering the difference of permeability. For this experimental unit, water is driven by adding head difference between the polyethylene vessel filled with water and the experimental water tank. The size of water tank is 350{times}160 mm with a height of 160 mm. Twenty platinum electrodes are set on the cover of water tank. Toyoura standard sand and Kanto loam were used for the experiments. For the experiments, fluid was injected in various combined models by considering the permeability, to measure the streaming potential. As a result, it was explained by the streaming potential that the fluid flows in a form of laminar flow in the experimental water tank, and that the movement of fluid in the Kanto loam is quite slow. It was also confirmed that the streaming potential method is an effective technique for grasping the movement of fluid. 3 refs., 8 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1982-03-01
A low-cost production method is developed for monosilane as a cell film material, 99.9995% pure at a manufacturing cost of 4,500 yen/kg (100 ton/year unit). An experimental unit with a maximum capacity of 1m{sup 3}/H (1 ton/month) gas production is built, and whether it is practical will be clarified by the end of fiscal 1983. The whole monosilane production process, consisting of the electrolysis of eutectic liquid of Li chloride and K chloride, hydrogenation of Li to be generated by the electrolysis, and the generation of monosilane through the reaction of the hydrogenated Li and silicon tetrachloride, proceeds in one large molten salt tub. The chlorine from the electrolysis and Si as material comes into reaction in a salination furnace for the generation of silicon tetrachloride to be supplied to the process. Minor tests are made involving pressure control, distance between the electrodes and the effect of the diaphragm, stirring in the hydrogenation chamber, dust in the monosilane generation chamber, and the insulation of the cathode lead rod, and the results are reflected on the process of experimental unit designing and building. The unit has harm neutralizing facilities for safety assurance because much hydrogen and a little chloride are consumed while the unit is in operation, with some silicon tetrachloride to be retained in the unit. An infrared absorption method is used to analyze impurities in the monosilane gas, when the method exhibits a capability of detecting 2ppm of methane. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1992-03-01
Targets of the total development is to develop technology to non-invasively/simply measure changes in physiological function for physical and mental stimuli and to develop a human sense measuring technology needed to realize 'comfortableness.' As a part of it, the following R and D were conducted in this fiscal year. As to the R and D of skin impedance measuring, measuring methods such as the conducting method and potential method were studied. Further, an experiment with a person to be tested was conducted using the experiment use electrode. And detected were skin impedance changes caused by mental strain stress which were distinguished from changes caused by external environment. As the blink reflection measuring method, the paper took up the eyelid micro-vibration method under consideration and verified effectiveness of the method. The data were acquired using the same person as tested in the above-mentioned experiment when he is not tired, and the extraction of parameters of blink reflection which change according to working loads was studied. As to the continued blood pressure measuring technology, a measuring method which gives no loads on the person tested was studied, and the measuring portion where stable output can be obtained was selected. In addition, small/lightweight continued blood pressure measuring instrument which can be used in daily life was trially manufactured and designed. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
Having selected a petroleum refining plant as a large and complex system, a system was developed, that is capable of operating safely and efficiently a plant even by young operators by utilizing the human media technology that realizes information environment having a sense of unity with humans. With this system, if an anomaly is detected in the plant condition, the agent and the operator talk with each other freely, and necessary items of information are displayed on a large screen from moment to moment according to the priority thereof. Activities were taken in the following nine areas: 1) the total system, 2) research on an interface agent, 3) research on hypothetic plant indication interface, 4) research on a discrete cooperative treatment technology, 5) research on plant models and interface systems, 6) research on plant ontology, 7) research on significance indication interface, 8) improvement of tools to structure a large-screen integrated indication system, and 9) investigations on technological trends in foreign countries. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
A polygonal mirror in a printer and the main shaft of a high-speed milling machine are used as models for the development of technology for applying C/C (carbon/carbon) composite materials to machine components that are required to turn at high speeds. Various C/C composites are tested for flexural strength and thermal expansion for the designing and manufacturing of C/C composites for the polygonal mirror and main shaft. The first coating on the C/C composite is deposited by laser/plasma hybrid spraying, and is a Mo coating. A spraying robot is experimentally built for homogeneous coating. In the case of polygonal mirror, an Al coating is deposited further by the gas-deposition method. The polygonal mirror proves excellent in both dimension and reflectance, and attains the target speed of 45,000rpm. In the case of milling machine main shaft, however, it is not strong enough to withstand 40,000rpm although it is a success from a viewpoint of coating technology and manufacturing technology. 15 refs., 33 figs., 13 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
For development of high-efficiency power generation gas turbines using petroleum substituting energy, the process technology which can highly harmonize conflicting characteristics and various functions was developed for new ceramic materials. This paper summarizes the result in fiscal 1997. On design technology of the characteristics harmonizing process, the design and synthesis of ceramic precursors were made by using chemical reaction of metal organics. On analysis of fracture behavior by controlling microscopic and macroscopic particle shapes, orientations were observed by convergent ion beam. On control technology of a structure formation process, study was made on continuous pore shape control to form porous material with uni-directionally arranged pores in ceramic matrix, interface control between particles to decrease a plastic deformation temperature and improve a heat insulation, interface control between phases of a rare-earth silicate/silicon-carbide-based composite, boundary control between layers of piezoelectric ceramics, and boundary control of the composite where inorganic-organic hybrids occupy the interface between ceramic particles. 79 refs., 193 figs., 15 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
Search and assessment were carried out on innovative and leading technologies which are outside the development objects at the present, but are promising for the future. This paper describes the achievements in fiscal 2000. In the hydrogen manufacturing method using natural gas as the raw material, but not generating carbon dioxide, a method using plasma has the hydrogen conversion rate of more than 90%, capable of providing carbon black with added value. On a hydrogen selective enzyme hydrogenase sensor, verification was given on its sensitivity and response speed, but the discussion was interrupted because of difficulty in obtaining the enzyme. Naphthenic hydrogen storage and transportation media (easy in hydrogenation and dehydrogenation) were discussed, whereas the reaction promoting effect was identified in both of the super heating liquid film process and the membrane reactor system. Enhancement in output and efficiency may be anticipated if hydrogen-rich reformed gas is obtained by reforming methane (natural gas) by utilizing waste heat from a gas turbine of several MW capacity. Hydrogen liquefaction technologies using the magnetic freezing process was discussed as the fundamental research assignment, wherein fiscal 2000 has studied the basic design and optimal magnetic materials. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1992-03-01
Targets of the total development is to develop technology to non-invasively/simply measure changes in physiological function for physical and mental stimuli and to develop a human sense measuring technology needed to realize 'comfortableness.' As a part of it, the following R and D were conducted in this fiscal year. As to the R and D of skin impedance measuring, measuring methods such as the conducting method and potential method were studied. Further, an experiment with a person to be tested was conducted using the experiment use electrode. And detected were skin impedance changes caused by mental strain stress which were distinguished from changes caused by external environment. As the blink reflection measuring method, the paper took up the eyelid micro-vibration method under consideration and verified effectiveness of the method. The data were acquired using the same person as tested in the above-mentioned experiment when he is not tired, and the extraction of parameters of blink reflection which change according to working loads was studied. As to the continued blood pressure measuring technology, a measuring method which gives no loads on the person tested was studied, and the measuring portion where stable output can be obtained was selected. In addition, small/lightweight continued blood pressure measuring instrument which can be used in daily life was trially manufactured and designed. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
To heighten durability and safety of materials/parts for undersea oil drilling, the development of ceramic base materials was made by developing function harmony type process technology which harmonizes on a high grade contrary characteristics and various functions. The paper summed up the fiscal 1997 results. In the design of system formation, computational simulation technology was developed to the composite process and the diploid system. The development of multifunction simultaneous manifestation materials was trially made by the higher nano structure process. A study was made of control of microstructures of porous materials and matrix filling by the gas phase precipitation control. Proposed were selective control of grain growth from species crystals and the columnar particle orientation laminated structure of simultaneous manifestation of strength and toughness. By composite precipitation reaction control, studied were simultaneous dispersion of whisker and increase in density of matrixes, and harmonization with long fibers. Silicon nitride was trially made with low lubrication/friction coefficients and high strength. A simulation method for crack progress behavior evaluation was developed using a testing notched specimen heterogeneous microstructures. Analyses were made of brittle fracture mechanics and reliability evaluation. 273 refs., 344 figs., 29 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
For the purpose of increasing the research capability of the Center for Consultancy, Training and Technology Transfer in Vietnam, research cooperation for prevention of water pollution was given for plants of the local industry located in the suburbs of Hanoi city. In the survey of the actual state of the water pollution in the industrial area in the suburbs of Hanoi city, the following was found out: In the area, approximately 110 companies of the production industry such as livestock feed, papermaking, dyeing, brewing, construction materials, etc. are in operation and are discharging the untreated waste water into rivers and waterways because waste water treatment facilities are not prepared yet. In this research cooperation, the following were carried out: detailed survey of specified plants and proposal for improvement, training of Vietnamese researchers/engineers in charge of water pollution prevention technology, invitation to/training at Japan of Vietnamese managers/researchers, seminar to be held on the site, equipment to be given that is needed to measure water quality. The equipment to be given is a portable multi-item water quality meter and analytical equipment such as spectrometer, atomic absorption spectrophotometer and gas chromatograph. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
For the stabilization of coal supply/demand in the APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Conference) region and for the stable supply of coal to Japan, Japanese engineers and experts were dispatched to Indonesia, where coal production was remarkably increasing and efforts were being actively exerted to develop new coal mining fields, for training Indonesian specialists there, and Indonesian specialists were invited to Japan for training here. Japanese instructors on dispatch delivered lectures on coal geology, exploration, and exploitation at the human resource development center of Bandung City during the period July 20 through August 4, 2000, which was followed by a coal outcrop survey training session in the field. The trainees were from Kalimantan, Sumatra, Java, etc., and numbered 30. The trainees invited to Japan received lectures and training related to coal geology, exploration, and mining programs during the period October 19 through November 18, 2000, at the Geological Survey of Japan, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, Ministry of International Trade and Industry; Matsushima Coal Mining Co., Ltd.; Enzan Plant, Tone Corporation; DIA Consultants Co., Ltd.; and Mitsubishi Materials Corporation. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1995-03-01
To further elevate the medical level and to actively enhance Japan`s contribution to the world in its effort to properly meet the task of advancing longevity of men common to all the advanced countries, investigations were made to study how international joint research should be conducted in the field of medical and welfare appliances. Candidate projects in international joint research and investigations up to fiscal 1993 were arranged, and explanation was made about the strategic and long-term research and development projects (started in fiscal 1995) about medical and welfare appliances undertaken by the Ministry of Trade and Industry of Japan. The two are quite similar to each other, the Ministry of Trade and Industry program comprising six projects that are micropores collection of blood/microdose analysis, high precision three dimensional image assisted diagnosis, less invasive surgery, artificial organs, care assisting intelligent equipment, and welfare equipment for care at home, centering about which international joint research should be propelled. Visits were made to the scenes of research and development of advanced medical and welfare appliances in the U.S. and Canada and their actual state was studied in search for possible joint researches. Further, research and development institutions in Europe were visited and information was exchanged. 25 figs., 15 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Yashima, S [Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)
1992-01-01
This paper described the researched results of the demonstrator of a turbofan engine for supersonic aircraft (IHI-17). A turbofan engine with an afterburner was experimentally fabricated and various engine tests have been carried out since 1988. Although the engine size is small, the fighter engine specifications were applied to its design and the prior or simultaneous research on each component was carried out. As a result, the system integration technique by which an engine was assembled by integrating each component could be established. New materials and new manufacturing techniques such as turbine blades of single crystal, turbine disks of powder metallurgy and deep chemical milling for a duct were developed to use for the long term engine test and the prospect to commercialization could be obtained. The following techniques have been established and the results satisfying target specifications could be achieved: the three dimensional aerodynamic design of compressor and turbine, the adoption of air blast fuel atomizer to suppress the smoke generation, an afterburner of spray bar system and the mounting type FADEC (full authority digital electronic control) to control the engine with the afterburner. 4 refs., 15 figs., 4 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-10-31
This is the report No. 98 issued by the Inorganic Material Research Institute. An intelligent material is a substance and/or material which responds intelligently to environmental conditions and exhibits functions. One of the features of amorphous materials including amorphous glass is a large freedom in chemical composition. These materials maintain order in short distance, but have as a whole the turbulent and specific atom orientation. Therefore, high tolerability in selecting the composition, and diverse synthesizing methods are available. A wide range of utilization may be conceived, such as introduction of the state of electrons having different valences in a structure, and the diverse chemical combinations. Patterns of existence of polyhedrons having different orientations, and how they are connected correlate closely with an external environment. Intelligent materials have high freedom against change in the external environment and are suitable to exhibit intelligent functions. Setting heat and light as the external conditions, attempts have been made on search and creation of intelligent materials based on state change induced by interactions between the two factors. Fundamental studies have been made on synthesis of different environment responding glasses and films, and on factors and phenomena for exhibition of the intelligence. 62 refs., 91 figs., 8 tabs.
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Study on search of unknown materials. 1; Michi busshitsu no tansaku ni kansuru kenkyu. 1
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-11-28
This is No.92 report of National Institute for Research in Inorganic Materials, concerning search of unknown materials. Purposes of this study are to construct new chemical bond and reaction theory, to systematize the existing compounds, and to search and create the unknown materials, systematically. Structure prediction of electronic state was investigated by means of molecular dynamic method, to determine the electronic state and structure of multi-systems. For the magnetic semiconductors, interactions were investigated between the magnetic spin and electron or hole which is a carrier. The in-solid bond theory aims at clarifying the bond state of materials in which transition metal compounds and inter-electronic interactions are significant. Prediction of the electronic structure of unknown materials can suggest the design of new materials. In the fields of synthesis, design and synthesis of new inorganic ion exchanger and ionic conductor are investigated using Bi oxides and its related materials. There are a lot of compounds having various crystal forms for rare earth element oxides and transition metal oxides. To establish the system of material design, thermodynamics, phase equilibrium diagram, crystal structure, and physical properties of new materials were discussed. 168 refs., 127 figs., 44 tabs.
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Development of new supervisory system with ITV. ITV ni yoru kanshi system ni kansuru kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Shimonaga, S; Matsunaga, R; Ono, H [The Kyushu Electric Power Co. Inc., Fukuoka (Japan)
1994-02-28
This paper describes an automatic trespassing supervisory system with ITV and picture processing (PP). The paper details an integrated control system and automatic supervision. The system functions to automatically detect a trespassing by means of PP, transfers items of information collected by sensors to a remote control center, and records relevant data. The operation principle consists of measurement of change in two or more images of moving bodies with binary value at a certain interval, determination on acceptability of the moving bodies represented by human characteristics, and identification of a trespasser. The system consists of an automatic supervisory device using PP and an automatic patrolling and searching device by means of sensor measurements. The supervisory device has images outputted from ITV and VTR processed by PP, host computer, and HD, and linked to an indication mechanism. According to the result of a site test at wireless transmission station of Kyushu Electric Power Company, the difference between measurement values collected by the searching device and those by the supervisory device was [plus minus]3% or less (other than EG output current), which is a useful value for verification. Although the basic technique has been established, practical use of the system still has some problems including performance improvement in picture processing. 37 refs., 38 figs., 18 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Kaneko, M [Ibaraki Univ., Ibaraki (Japan). Faculty of Engineering
1996-03-01
In the conversion from solar energy into chemical energy (fuels) by photochemical conversion, an electron donor is necessary since all the fuels are reductive compounds. From the viewpoint of economic profit, water is the only one candidate as a cheap compound and existing impartially. In this paper, photosynthesis as well as the realization of its artificial model, and the relevant basic research executed recently aiming at the construction of an artificial photosynthetic system are explained. The main reaction of photosynthesis is the generation of carbohydrates by the reduction reaction of carbon dioxide with water as an electron donor and solar visual light as an energy resource. As a special example thereof, the UV photolysis of water due to the photocatalysis of a micro-particle system is introduced. The method of using a semiconductor and the method of using sensitizes are described as the photo excitation system when designing the artificial model. Additionally, as the research with respect to the construction of an artificial photosynthetic system, a photo-exciting charge transfer system is introduced. 27 refs., 1 fig.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Asami, M. [Keio Univ., Tokyo (Japan)
1995-11-05
It is recently, that is, in and after the 1980s that socio-scientific approaches began to be made to studies on `risk`. It started to be made clear that the progress of the scientific technology does not necessarily bring about good news to man, and obvious estrangement has begun to appear between scientific evaluation and social evaluation of risk. The subject of risk communication (RC) study is to tackle a proposition whether the estrangement will continue to exist as estrangement or the estrangement can be made smaller by any means. This paper explains the recent trend of the study. For example, as for how each individual thinks about risk, that is, the risk perception, a new framework is trially being constructed by introduction of the quantitative method using psychometrics. A duty of RC is to serve to bridge the gap between scientific technology and society which are controlled by values which are incompatible with each other. Therefore, RC will be more and more important. 15 refs., 1 fig., 2 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-08-26
Essential purposes of productivity improvement, which human being have desires in agriculture for a long time, can not be discussed without considering relations with the environment, nowadays. In these situations, significant investigations have been created among the researches in the agriculture and environment field in response to the requirements of the time. In this report, results of 41 main researches submitted to the agriculture and environment research promotion conference in FY 1995 are compiled. This field covers the environment and resource characterization, the agrioecology, and the environment assessment and control. The environment and resource characterization field includes studies on the micro-meteorological mechanism of desert expansion due to excess pasturage, the salt removal function of clays, and the protection of ground water quality by grassland. The agrioecology field includes studies on the antimicrobial substance contained in Glycyrrhiza glabra against the soil decease of potatoes caused by Streptomyces scabies and the new plant growth obstruction substance contained in Sphenoclea zeylanica. The environment assessment and control field includes studies on the producing district change prediction of main grains accompanied with global environmental change and the carbon balance in the ecosystem of farm lands and rice fields. This report includes a lot of noticeable papers. 103 figs., 24 tabs.
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Study on a non-powered heat transporting system; Mudoryoku netsu hanso system ni kansuru kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Kamiya, Y [Kanto Gakuin University, Yokohama (Japan)
1997-11-25
This paper proposes a non-powered heat transportation (HT) system. The system is composed of an evaporator, condenser, receiver, switching chamber (SC) and 3 check valves which are connected with each other by vapor and liquid tubes. Condensed liquid supercooled in the condenser exists in the receiver forming a saturated condition at a concerned temperature, and condensed liquid is lifted up from the condenser to the receiver by pressure difference between the evaporator and receiver. Generally evaporation pressure is higher by pressure difference between liquid levels in the condenser and receiver. The lifted up amount of condensed liquid increases with evaporation pressure, resulting in an increase in heating surface area of the condenser and amount of condensed liquid. A proper evaporator pressure is thus retained by reduction of evaporation pressure. SC is connected with the receiver and evaporator, and switches high- and low-pressure valves by motion of an inner float to transport heat from the evaporator to condenser. Reverse HT is possible as normal latent HT by installing a bypass. Some problems are also described. 2 refs., 8 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Shimokura, N.; Kirihara, T. [Kansai Electric Power Co. Inc., Osaka (Japan)
1997-09-30
In order to demonstrate the power transmission using microwave and arrange advantages and problems in the wireless power transmission, field tests of point-to-point power transmission were conducted. Microwave frequency of 2.45 GHz was used, which is assigned as the industrial, scientific and medical frequency. The transmission system is composed of generator, director tube, primary radiator, and transmission antenna. The maximum 5 kW of microwave power can be transmitted by combining a 3 m-diameter parabolic antenna and a magnetron. The receiving system is composed of devices called as RECTENNA (rectifying antenna). A large capacity and high efficiency RECTENNA was developed, by which the maximum 2.5 W of input power per single device can be provided. As a result of the experiments, efficiency at the transmission side was over 70%, and RF-DC efficiency at the receiving side was about 51%. At the open-air test site, however, the total efficiency of only 14.8% could be obtained. 8 refs., 12 figs.
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Improvement of performance of the HARBEMAN house; Habiman hausu no seino kaizen ni kansuru kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Saito, T. [Tohoku Univ., Sendai (Japan). Dept. of Aeronautics and Space Eng.; Fujino, T. [Mitsubishi Heavy Industires Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)
1998-12-05
A natural energy autonomous house (HARBEMAN house) was built in 1996 in Sendai. This house combinedly utilizes solar thermal, photovoltaic, sky radiation cooling, rainwater energies and so on. In order to utilize a lot kind of natural energies more efficiently, we will improve thermal performance of the solar collector, the sky radiator, and so on. The effect of thermal insulation, tank size, and window glazing on thermal performance will also be examined. This article reports on the improved performance of the HARBEMAN house. (author)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1995-03-01
At the advent of the aging society, investigated are images of welfare equipment to be developed. In the range where the use of welfare equipment is to be studied, the following are included: self care, excretion, transfer, and support of work other than care, as assistance to daily life; exercise function, communication function, and environment arrangement, as assistance to social participation. Of the images of the welfare equipment classified by the overall evaluation, the following are cited as what supports daily life: a lift usable even in the existing houses, a bump remover by which bumps in the house are removed without making large repairs, a urine collector for females, a training device to prevent urinary incontinence, reduction in the bed-fast elderly, a device to prevent bedsore, a system for safely watching demented old people, a system in which clothes are automatically washed, dried, and hanged on a hanger, etc. What supports social participation are a system for sports experience by virtual reality, sound user interface, etc. For the aged to be healthy physically and mentally, it is essential to be taken good care of and create things to live for by participating the society. For this, it is necessary that the government establish the public policies and that a people be conscious of welfare. 9 figs., 33 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
Advanced research and its applicability were surveyed to apply the advanced functional cells to industry. The basic target was set to develop, produce, control and utilize the functional cells, such as intelligent materials and self-regulation bioreactors. The regulation factors regarding apotosis, which is a process of cell suicide programmed within the cell itself of multicellular organisms, cell cycle and aging/ageless were investigated. Furthermore, the function of regulatory factors was investigated at the protein level. Injection of factors regulating cellular function and tissue engineering required for the regulation of cell proliferation were investigated. Tissue engineering is considered to be the intracellular regulation by gene transduction and the extracellular regulation by culture methods, such as coculture. Analysis methods for cell proliferation and function of living cells were investigated using the probes recognizing molecular structure. Novel biomaterials, artificial organ systems, cellular therapy and useful materials were investigated for utilizing the regulation techniques of cell proliferation. 425 refs., 85 figs., 9 tabs.
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Liquefaction induced by earthquakes in Japan. Jiban no ekijoka/ekijoka saigai chosa kenkyu no seika
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tono, I [Nation Inst. for Enviromental Studies, Tsukuba (Japan)
1992-09-01
Disaster caused by liquefaction is an important problem for the development of water-front because most of the places suffered from liquefaction disasters recently are located on sandy grounds. The damaged cases in the past due to liquefaction induced by earthquakes are grouped into: subsidence and inclination caused by the loss of supporting force of the ground, coming to the surface of buried structures due to excess pore hydrostatic pressure, destruction of lifeline accompanying the fluidization of ground, breakdown of bulkhead, retaining wall, etc. by increased earth pressure, sinking of soil structures, ground fissure, sliding, and immersion in floods and submergence of farms due to spouting of underground water. As regards prediction of liquefaction, description is made on the prediction of the occurrence of liquefaction and liquefaction prediction for which sedimentation environment is taken into consideration. Open-cut investigation can be said as the most effective means for accurate learning of the depth, thickness and sedimentation structure of liquefied layers. Liquefaction layers found in remains are also introduced. 16 refs., 6 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Noda, T. [Nippon Steel Corp., Tokyo (Japan); Suzuki, M. [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan). Institute of Industrial Science
1997-07-10
The adsorption of acetaldehyde by porous ceramics impregnated with hydrazinium aluminum sulfate (HAS) is studied. Silicagel, activated alumina, activated clay, and activated carbon are compared, and it is found that silicagel and activated clay are suitable as a substrate for HAS impregnated adsorbent. The adsorption mechanism of acetaldehyde by the adsorbent is believed to be one in which acetaldehyde reacts with hydrazinium and yields acetaldazine. The adsorption capacity of the adsorbent at low acetaldehyde concentration of 0.1 ppm was as large as 1.36 mol/kg. This adsorption capacity at 0.1 ppm acetaldehyde concentration is remarkably larger than that of conventional activated carbon. Hydrazinium decomposes easily in the air because it is a strong reducing agent and reacts with oxygen or carbon dioxide. But hydrazinium impregnated on porous ceramics with HAS becomes more stable and maintains reactivity with acetaldehyde for longer than six months. An adsorbent made of porous ceramics impregnated with HAS is useful as a deodorant for acetaldehyde. 8 refs., 6 figs., 6 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
The basic theory of the proficient machine system to be developed was studied. Important proficient techniques in manufacturing industries are becoming extinct because of insufficient succession to next generation. The proficient machine system was proposed to cope with such situation. This machine system includes the mechanism for progress and evolution of techniques and sensibilities to be adaptable to environmental changes by learning and recognizing various motions such as work and process. Consequently, the basic research fields are composed of thought, learning, perception and action. This machine requires not only deigned fixed functions but also introduction of the same proficient concept as human being to be adaptable to changes in situation, purpose, time and machine`s complexity. This report explains in detail the basic concept, system principle, approaching procedure and practical elemental technologies of the proficient machine system, and also describes the future prospect. 133 refs., 110 figs., 7 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1989-05-01
This paper carries the specifications for advanced composites in the investigation (SACOI), and lists the titles and organizations and persons in charge. The paper describes the specifications for test and measurement methods for each title. The titles are: testing methods of matrix resins for carbon fiber reinforced plastics, measurement method for thermogravimetry and glass transition temperature for the same plastics, measuring methods for specific gravity, fiber and void contents of carbon fiber reinforced plastics, testing methods for tensile properties, compression properties, apparent interlaminar shear strength, tension fatigue, interlaminar fracture toughness, crack propagation, high velocity impact, izod impact, and environmental resistance for the same plastics, evaluation methods for hot-press formability of prepreg, autoclave formability of prepreg for the same plastics, measuring methods for tex count, density, and fiber volume fraction of wire preform, testing methods for tensile strength at room temperature, tensile strength at elevated temperature of wire preform, measuring methods for thermal expansion coefficient, tension properties, compression properties, tensile shear strength, interlaminar shear strength, in-plane shear strength, tensile fatigue, high velocity impact and regular impact of wire preform. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
In the development of high performance industrial furnace, initial targets were achieved such as energy saving of 30%, downsizing of 20%, and a remarkable NOx reduction. To verify the achievement, the test field project is being worked on by NEDO. In FY 1998, 23 heating furnaces, 29 heat treat furnaces and 6 melting furnaces were under the project at energy saving effect of 52,000 kl converted to crude oil. In FY 1999, 18 heating furnaces, 26 heat treat furnaces and 7 melting furnaces are now under the project at energy saving effect of 57,000 kl. The project was awarded 'The 9th Nikkei Global Environmental Technology Prize.' The themes for the R and D are as follows: high efficiency exhaust heat utilization system, self-completion type high temperature/high radiation heating technology, technology to make heat transfer in steel heating suitable under non-stationary state, high efficiency heat transfer technology, technology to optimize the shape of heating furnace, high performance atmosphere heat treat furnace, high efficiency heat transfer technology by high temperature jet flame heating, technology of high efficiency aluminum melting furnace, technology to improve soaking degree in steel heating, high performance tubular heating furnace in oil refining, optimum combustion control technology of regenerative burner furnace, and laser measuring method inside industrial furnace. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
For the purpose of digging up themes of the joint research which develop the R and D in the industrial field in Japan to a new stage, researchers were dispatched to the world representing research institutes to make the research study. As to the survey of the trend of bio-informatics research, visits for survey were paid by 8 researchers to 19 research institutes in the U.S., Australia, France and Germany, and survey was made of the state of new researches such as the genetic network analysis by DNA chip data. Relating to the survey of the trend of the plan for ape genomic DNA sequence, visits for survey were paid by 6 researchers to 12 research institutes in Japan, Germany, France and the U.K. Concerning the research survey with aim of developing the selective reversible expression technology of target genes, researchers were dispatched to St. Jude Children's Research Hospital in the U.S. to conduct the following: construction of basic expression vectors, functional evaluation using cultured cells, making of the transgenic mice to which medicine dependent and cell peculiar expression control genes were introduced, analytical study of the situation of expression control, etc. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1991-05-01
Basic technologies are developed involving highly crystalline polymeric materials comparable to metals in dynamic property even when used singly. The aim is to expand the application scope of polymeric materials including those designed as structural materials so that their light weight, high resistance to corrosion, and excellent machinability may be utilized in various fields. Target performance includes an elastic modulus under bending force of 100GPa or more in anisotropic materials and 50GPa or more in isotropic materials, a linear expansion coefficient of 5 times 10{sup -5}/degrees C or less, and a thermal deformation temperature of 180 degrees C or more. Tasks faced in relation to film or molded articles of anisotropic materials are the rigid molecular design, molding method including molecular orientation control, and molecular complex technology; and, in isotropic materials, the strengthening of interaction between molecules, establishment of molding methods, and equipping materials with high machinability. After a 10-year/3-phase development endeavors, the initially intended goals are sufficiently achieved. To be mentioned are achievements involving the generation of multidimensionally bound diacetylene polymeric crystals, higher elastic modulus and moldability provided to polyarylate materials, magnetic field orientation, ultrahigh-elasticity layered body, and organic-inorganic ionically bonded complex material, etc. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1989-03-01
Research, development and evaluation were performed with an objective of establishing the basic technology related to light-reactive materials that control the structures and status of aggregation of molecules by using actions of light, and can be used for ultra-high density recording, high resolution indication and light switches. In elucidating the mechanism of light deterioration reaction of photochromic molecules, it was disclosed that 6-nitrospirobenzopyran has the light deterioration caused from the excitation triplet state. This disclosure presents a possibility of preventing the light deterioration. New derivatives that show photochromism were synthesized, and thin films were produced by using the LB process. This indicates a possibility of producing the photochromic materials as the high multiplex recording material. With regard to PHB materials, an evaluation technology having spectrum resolution of the world's highest level was established and measurements were performed. Hole formation was verified for the first time in the world at the temperature higher than the liquid nitrogen temperature by using a PHB material of ionic porphin/polyvinyl alcohol systems. This verification indicates a feasibility of practically usable PHB materials. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1991-03-01
Research and evaluation was performed with an objective of establishing the basic technology related to light-reactive materials that control the structures and status of aggregation of molecules by using actions of light, and can be used for ultra-high density recording, high resolution indication and light switches. In elucidating the basic characteristics of photochromic materials, a non-destructively readable recording system was proposed and demonstrated, highly durable and high-functional photochromic compounds were developed, and a number of material design guidelines were accumulated to realize characteristics required in light-beam recording. With regard to development of the photochromic materials, realization of photochromic thin films that can record wavelengths in multiplex manner has become more realistic. For elucidating basic characteristics of PHB materials, a method for evaluation from a number of directions including the time method for photon echo was established in addition to the conventional frequency recording characteristics. Regarding the elucidation of the PHB phenomenon, demonstration was carried out on intermediate zone structure control in diversified material systems including living organism substances, where a large number of findings were accumulated. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)
1994-12-01
This paper reports the study results on the standard weather data necessary for simulation of PV power generation systems in fiscal 1994. In the study on the selection criterion of the standard weather data from the viewpoint of PV power generation systems, three typical years are used; a year with average solar radiation, and two years with extremely less and more solar radiation for safe simulation. The standard weather data are arranged for output calculation of PV power generation systems by selecting the most typical year based on long-term observation data. The data to be arranged are as follows; total, direct and scattered solar radiations incident upon a horizontal surface, solar radiation upon a slope surface, sunshine duration, air temperature, wind direction, wind velocity, amount of precipitation, and snow depth. For arrangement of the nationwide standard weather data, estimation of total solar radiation is necessary based on sunshine duration data observed by all weather bureaus. In this study, the estimation model was developed of the total solar radiation integrated with time from rotary pyrheliometer data. 5 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1991-04-01
Research, development and evaluation were performed with an objective of establishing the basic technology related to ultra-grid elements. With regard to the process technology to search materials suitable for the targets of ultra-grid elements and manufacture ultra-grid element structure, a technology has been completed, by which crystalline growth is performed while controlling AlAs and GaAs at atom layer levels by using the MBE process and MOCVD process. This has allowed the understanding to be progressed on behavior of electrons in hetero interface or very thin films. It has also become possible to acquire new crystals that have band gaps and grid constants matching the performance of the elements. Regarding ultra-grid functional elements, new functional elements with the HET and RHET structures were made by utilizing the characteristics of the ultra grids, and performances of normal temperature operation and high speed operation were investigated. The ultra-grid structured elements have made it possible to embed ultra fine electrode structure into crystals by means of double hetero growth, and a possibility of Si-based PBT was demonstrated. These achievements lead to a belief that the targets intended at the beginning of the present research have been achieved. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Research and development of laser radars for observing urban atmospheric pollution is jointly conducted by Japan and Indonesia for the goal of contributing to the construction of an administrative system on environmental matters compatible with the actualities of Indonesia. Under this project, laser radars are installed at three sites in the city of Djakarta where environmental problems are increasingly serious, an observation network system is constructed connecting the laser radar sites, and the data are collected, analyzed, and processed by a data processing center. This enables the acquisition of information about the pollution of urban atmosphere through the observation of the 3-dimensional distribution of atmospheric pollution. In fiscal 1998, the last year for follow-up, engineers and researches are dispatched by 'ODA (official development assistance) laser radar observation assistance committee' for assistance in system maintenance and pollution observation. System maintenance is carried out so that the laser radar system may be utilized by the Indonesian party. Observation assistance involves Mie scattering, and the Indonesian party is engaged in a long-term continuous laser radar observation. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
The fundamental research is conducted for developing the microelectrode on which a synthetic oligonucletide probe is immobilized, and for establishing the system capable of detecting the hybrid formation simply and quickly, in order to develop the advanced DNA chips for diagnosis. The project results include development of the prototype array electrode with 25 1mm-diameter gold electrodes uniformly arranged at intervals of 4.5mm; development of the electrochemical activity analyzer for multi-electrode systems, showing the performance almost on a level with that of the existing electrochemical analyzer for the single-electrode systems; establishment of the gene databases; development of the method which can produce a sufficient quantity of nucleic acid for DNA chip analysis by studying the method of preparing the nucleic acid from the blood serum, preparing RNA from a trace quantity of the living liver sample and amplifying the genes, wherein the nucleic acid is produced while its profile before the amplification is kept intact; and establishment of the method for detecting the hepatitis B virus by combining the electrochemical detection of DNA by a non-immobilized probe with the PCR method. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
This research arranges recent public transport system technologies such as LRT, and clarifies their technical issues to be overcome and developmental courses, and the improvement effect of their energy efficiency and CO{sub 2} reduction effect by such measures to contribute to development of next-generation public transport systems. The outlines and features of LRT, monorail/trolley bus and AGT as existing public transport systems are arranged. In the EU, development of tramways using rubber tires is in promotion. The concept of a next-generation environment- friendly urban transport system is prepared based on features of every public transport system. Since a trolley system causes traffic congestion and environment deterioration, introduction of an independent transport system with fuel cell is necessary in the future. The technical issues and solutions for construction of the next-generation transport systems are analyzed. Fuel cell and ITS are important candidates. Substitution of the next-generation transport system for existing buses showed a CO{sub 2} reduction effect of 3.91 Mton/y in Japan. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
This survey studied the feasibility of large-scale offshore wind power generation in Japan. Attempt was also made on preparation of outline maps of offshore wind around Japan. The cost of future offshore wind power generation systems is roughly dependent on technical issues and environmental issues. As technical issues, 'installation site,' 'foundation,' 'system interconnection' and 'maintenance/management' were summarized based on applications in Europe. As a result, it was clarified that technical issues can be solved with existing technologies to a certain extent, however, those relate to economical problems closely. The previous environment impact assessments say that wind power generation has no problems on the environmental issues. As relatively strong wind coastal areas, the outline maps of offshore wind point out Western Hokkaido area, Japan Sea area of Tohoku district, Pacific ocean area of the central part of Honshu, Genkai Nada area, Western Kyushu area and Southwest islands area, and suggest that these areas are promising for offshore wind power generation. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1991-03-01
This paper describes the achievements in fiscal 1990 on survey on possibility of introducing solar energy into buildings. Capacity of photovoltaic power generation facilities installed on an area of 1600 km{sup 2}, such as roofs of residential houses, schools and building may be calculated on a trial bases as 100 million kW at maximum. The capacity can replace 16% of the total demand and corresponds to 26.30 million kiloliters (9%) as converted to crude oil. If photovoltaic power generation is utilized on buildings of users, diversified technological criteria are required from the viewpoint of legislation covering wide range of architectural, electrical and disaster aspects. However, no direct and clear standards are available now, except for the electric power business law. What are urgently required are solar cell standardization, incentive subsidies, aging safety, institutions for electric power sale and purchase, and establishment of technological criteria. An utilization example survey revealed problems in array installation and size. Increased demand, mass production and cost reduction will create a favorable cycle. Introduction, proliferation, and acceleration under policies at public facilities which are expected of enlightenment and development into other areas will be the effective means for the purpose. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1993-09-01
Discussions were given on the possibility of development as a coal supply source for Japan on the area centering around the Bowen coal field, whose coal exploration right was made open by the state government of Queensland, Australia in March 1993. Surveys were performed on information about the release of restrictions and the bid on the coal exploration right area RA55, the current status of the coal industry in Queensland, infrastructures, and the coal related government organizations. The following conclusions were arrived as a result of the surveys: the RA55 area to which the coal exploration right was made open has mining areas remaining, which are possible of supplying coals for an extended period of time from both of quantity and quality aspects; particularly in the 12 mining areas under the open bid, high-quality ordinary coal and raw material coal are in existence, whose potential is high; the state government and the related organizations are enthusiastic in promoting the development because the coal industry is the largest industry in the state; for new coal development, such assistance is expected as improvement in the infrastructures, deregulation, and favorable taxation system; and implementations are desired on acquisition of the exploration right, and exploration activities for new coal development. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
This survey studied the feasibility of large-scale offshore wind power generation in Japan. Attempt was also made on preparation of outline maps of offshore wind around Japan. The cost of future offshore wind power generation systems is roughly dependent on technical issues and environmental issues. As technical issues, 'installation site,' 'foundation,' 'system interconnection' and 'maintenance/management' were summarized based on applications in Europe. As a result, it was clarified that technical issues can be solved with existing technologies to a certain extent, however, those relate to economical problems closely. The previous environment impact assessments say that wind power generation has no problems on the environmental issues. As relatively strong wind coastal areas, the outline maps of offshore wind point out Western Hokkaido area, Japan Sea area of Tohoku district, Pacific ocean area of the central part of Honshu, Genkai Nada area, Western Kyushu area and Southwest islands area, and suggest that these areas are promising for offshore wind power generation. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1981-03-01
This report summarizes the fiscal 1980 research result on each element of the next 10MW class geothermal binary cycle power plant, following last year. In the research on heat cycle and heat medium, measurement was made on the liquid density, vapor density, liquid specific heat, vapor specific heat and thermal conductivity of 8 heat media to prepare the precise pressure enthalpy chart. The thermal stability of each medium was also measured under a flow condition. The heat cycle of each medium was calculated in a hydrothermal temperature range of 120-160 degrees C for evaluation of its output. In the research on material, field corrosion test and laboratory simulation were made on 3 kinds of heat exchanger martials for acidic hot water to study the corrosion behavior of welding members. In the research on heat medium turbine, study was made on sealing characteristics such as differential pressure, flow rate and friction of sealing oil for oil film seal and mechanical seal as shaft seal devices of heat medium turbines for the 10MW class geothermal plant. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
A highly heat-conducting AlN ceramic substrate is developed for the cooling of semiconductor integrated circuit devices and power controlling semiconductor devices. In the development of a low-temperature sinterable ceramic texture, a sintering assistant is selected. In this process various assistants are tested for the effect of their presence on the occurrence of AlN oxidation and on the magnitude of standard energy for aluminate compound formation. The volatility at high temperatures of the components of the assistants are also examined. The sintering assistant developed for this project (mixture of Y2O3, CaO, LaB6, and WO3) is used in the sintering of an AlN material powder developed by The Dow Chemical Co., and then it is demonstrated that highly heat-conducting AlN substrates are mass-produced by continuous sintering at 1600degC in a nitrogen atmosphere, the product having a relative density of 100%, average heat conductivity of 154W/mK, bend resisting strength of 440MPa, and a fracture toughness value of 3.8MPam{sup 1/2}. 6 refs., 92 figs., 10 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1982-03-01
This report summarizes the final fiscal 1981 research result on components of the next 10MW class geothermal binary cycle power plant. In the research on heat cycle and heat medium, R-C318 and R-124 were excellent in output characteristics in a low-temperature zone and high-temperature zone in a hot water temperature range of 120-160 degreesC, respectively, however, at present R-114 was most reasonable from the viewpoint of heat medium price and supply system. In the research on martials, study was made on inlet-attack and stress corrosion of heat exchanger pipes of 18Cr-13Ni-2Mo steel, and combination use of inexpensive materials (carbon steel). As used giving attention to stress corrosion, at present 18Cr-13Ni-2Mo steel was most suitable material, while clad carbon steel was also usable. In the research on heat medium turbine, the 1000-hour durability test result of mechanical seal showed that mechanical seal is best for heat medium turbines. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1978-03-31
The pressurized hydro-fluidized gasification method is such that coal is hydro-gasified under a pressure of 30kg/cm{sup 3} to produce a methane-rich calorie gas. This method is a combination of three independent processes, namely, (1) thermal cracking of coal, (2) hydrogasification of thermally decomposed product, and (3) water gasification for self-contained hydrogen, and is a continuous gasification method in which all processes are operated in a fluidized bed. In fiscal 1976, an operation technique was found in which conditions suitable for each reaction purpose were given to a detached thermal cracking furnace and hydrogasification furnace and in which continuous gasification was still maintained without an adverse effect between the two furnaces. This year, the continuous gasification test will be implemented successively, determining suitable operating conditions for the purpose of increasing methane concentration and improving gasification efficiency, and concurrently extracting device-related problems that impair the continuous operation. With the aim of obtaining a self-contained system for hydrogen, water gasification tests will be conducted, with the optimum conditions determined for the water gasification. An operation test will be carried out for an internal heat type control box, so that the functions under pressurization, durability and operation criteria will be determined. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1985-03-01
For the development of high-efficiency, large-area, long-life, and low-cost solar cells, research is conducted on new methods of film formation and defect evaluation. Concerning the kinetics of Si thin film, a radical beam deposition method is proposed as a new low-temperature thin film growth method. Using the new method, a {mu}c-Si film is manufactured, through only a purely radical substrate surface reaction of chemically active, electrically neutral excited species. In research on the amorphous semiconductor superlattice, a new study is conducted on a multilayer, cyclic-structure superlattice consisting of thin films of a-Si:H and a-Si{sub 1-x}N{sub x}:H. In the research on an a-Si:H film formed by the direct photo-CVD (chemical vapor deposition) of disilane, the unit is improved and B and P are successfully doped by means of decompressed photo-CVD. In the evaluation of new materials for solar cells, research is conducted on the after-annealing characteristics of a-Si:H grown at a high speed, electrical characteristics of post-hydrogenated low boron-doped CVD a-Si, and microcrystalline SiGe alloys made by the spattering plasma CVD method. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1982-03-01
In the basic studies of large-area a-Si film formation technologies, the validity is discussed of the evaluation technique using plasma optical emissions spectrometry (OES) employed for the achievement of the intended film qualities. The film forming condition that exerts the greatest influence on the plasma state relative to OES is the power of discharge, and correlations are found to exist between specific emission intensity, infrared absorption level, and photoconductivity of the film. It is found that a P- or B-doped Si:H/SiC:H film is suitable as the material for the window layer on the light-receiving surface of the solar cell. Materials are studied for the i-layer responsible for photo carrier generation, isolation, and acceleration. Studies are also conducted on fluorine-containing film. In the efforts at designing and building solar cells, ITO (indium-tin oxide)/n-i-p/SS (reversed type) cells are analyzed, designing is carried out for transparent electrode film thickness optimization, window effect in stainless substrate cells is improved, glass substrate cells are experimentally built and analyzed, large-area solar cell properties are improved, interaction between the substrate and a-Si is studied, and reliability tests are conducted. For cost reduction, it is necessary to develop technologies of automated production of simplified-structure modules using low-cost materials. Basic matters are taken up for discussion. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1984-03-30
The results of the first phase research and development project for developing fine ceramics as the basic technologies of the next generation are evaluated. The R and D themes are selected to develop fine ceramics of high strength, corrosion resistance, precision and wear resistance, noting their excellent characteristics. Development of the basic techniques for these materials is of high significance, and highly rated. The efforts in the first-phase R and D project are aimed at development of silicon nitride and silicon carbide for synthesis of the stock materials; explosive forming/treating the stock powders; forming, sintering and processing/joining; evaluation of the characteristics; non-destructive testing methods; designs; and evaluation of the parts, among others, as the elementary techniques for production, evaluation and application of the fine ceramic materials. The technical targets of improving functions have been achieved, or bright prospects have been obtained therefor in development of the techniques for synthesis of the stock materials, forming/sintering and processing/joining. The silica reduction for stock synthesis, basic techniques for molding/sintering, and rheological considerations for the molding/sintering techniques represent the techniques of the next generation, because they break through the limitations of the conventional techniques. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1982-03-01
Research and development is started of materials for constituting a liquefaction reactor which is the primary apparatus in the coal liquefaction process. Tested in the basic research on the designing of alloys for the reactor are Cr-Mo-V-Ti based alloys prepared by adding V, Ti, and B to Cr-Mo based alloys presently in use as materials for pressure vessels. They are melted and 50kg test ingots of steel are prepared, and an alloy with a constitution of Low Si-3%Cr-1%Mo-0.25%V-0.02%Ti-0.002%B is selected. In the designing of alloys to serve as stainless steel overlay welding materials and in the development of basic welding technologies, studies are conducted in search for materials that exhibit excellent durability under the conditions of liquefaction reaction and for technologies in this connection. These are accomplished using a test device installed this fiscal year, which is capable of reproducing high-temperature high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere. As the result, basic technologies are acquired, which will enable the achievement of the goal. In the study of on-site production technologies using medium-size ingots as the materials, an 85-ton medium size steel ingot of a new chemical constitution of Low Si-3Cr-1Mo-1/4V-Ti-B is melted, and a shell which is 400mm in thickness and 2m in internal diameter is forged, and the shell is subjected to a property and performance qualification test. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1995-03-01
The committee of manufacturing technology supported by advanced and integrated information system through international cooperation (MATIC) has been established as the organization to promote necessary surveys, deliberate the research and development guidelines and themes, and thereby support the joint R and D projects with Asian countries to improve information systems for their manufacturing industries by MATIC. The R and D skeletons are set in FY 1994 for the works in and after FY 1995. The relationships between affiliates of Japanese enterprises and local enterprises, actual conditions of the manufacturing industries and so on are surveyed, in order to extract problems related to the information systems for the promising manufacturing industries in the Asian countries. Each industry has its own characteristics with respect to, e.g., numbers f parts and process steps, product life cycle, extent of automation, skill of workers, and spread of the related industries. Therefore, 3 industrial areas are picked up as those considered to be adequate for the case studies, and surveyed for the system functions, performance, elementary techniques and so on which are required to establish the information systems for their production systems. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
In order to give the society with the full picture of human media at an early time, actual problems in industries were taken up. This paper summarizes the sensitivity agent to support sensitivity of individuals, the human media database, the urban environment human media aiming at symbiosis of nature with artificial environment, and the achievements of comprehensive investigations and researches in fiscals 1999 and 2000. Activities were taken in the following four areas: 1) research and development of the sensitivity agent and human media database, 2) research and development of the urban environment human media, 3) comprehensive investigations and researches, and 4) investigations on technological trends in foreign countries. In Item 1), discussions were given on the technology to present full-color images at high accuracy, the image sensitivity retrieval technology, and the multi-dimensional interface technology for the human media database. In studying the basic human media technology, discussions were given on the basic sensitivity modeling technology, and the sensitivity agent mechanism. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1986-03-31
In the research and development of the environment resistance strengthened elements with emphasis placed respectively on radiation resistance, heat resistance, and integration degree according to specific requirements in the using environments, the second term has developed an integration technology and its evaluation technology based on the achievements in the first term. In developing the heat resistant element technology, the technology to grow {beta}-SiC crystals was expanded to obtaining thin film crystals with high migratory performance by using higher temperatures. At the same time, development was performed on a technology to manufacture multiple number of transistors on one substrate, such as the doping technology and etching technology. Using this technology, schottky diodes and p-n junction elements being the basic structures of MES-FET and bipolar transistors were fabricated. In the evaluation and testing technology, the {gamma} dose measuring method using TLD was improved, the traceability of {gamma} ray irradiation amount was assured, the simplified irradiation testing method using X-ray was established, and the heat resistance testing technology for electronic parts was established. Furthermore, attempts were made on enhancing radiation resistance of the elements, such as in MOS silicon integrated circuit, bipolar silicon integrated circuit, and compound semiconductor integrated circuit. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1989-07-28
This report summarizes results of the phase II R and D program of MHD electrical power generation (FY 1976 - 1983), which has been now completed. The phase II R and D efforts were concentrated on development of the durable power generation channels, where the designs and manufacture of the Mark II system were started, and the elementary techniques were simultaneously studied for, e.g., phenomena occurring around the electrodes, seed condensation and its effects on the electrode phenomena, and electrode and insulator materials for the power generation channels. The power generation channel was tested for its durability for a total of 430 hours, after it was incorporated in the Mark II system. The MHD power generation can incorporate direct combustion of coal, and will hold a dominant position in coal-fired power generation, which is expected to grow in the future. For this reason, the basic research schedules were revised in March, 1983, and the Mark II system was operated by firing a mixed fuel of kerosene and finely divided coal in a kerosene combustor, in line with the revised project, to understand the basic power generation characteristics with the combustion gases containing coal slag. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1985-03-30
The aim is to develop basic technologies relating to 3-dimensional circuit devices with an ultrahigh-density accumulation of functions therein for the embodiment of ultra-small high-performance data processing devices or artificial brain-like multiple-function data processing devices. To be developed are laminate-structure devices which have an ultrahigh-density accumulation of logic and memory functions or a complex accumulation of functions including signal and sensor functions. In the 1st phase, importance is attached to the development of a multilayer crystalline structure, which is the most elementary in the development of 3-dimensional circuit devices, and of processing technologies for them. Propositions are made and analyses are conducted relating to the enlargement of exposure region in synchrotron radiation lithography, development of a maskless beam process of a resolution of 0.1{mu}m, development of a focused ion beam device, etc. Recrystallization methods using a laser beam or a linear electron beam are developed for the growth of multilayer crystals, and are proved to be effective. The application feasibility of a flat deposition dry process etc. to laminate processing technologies is demonstrated. Concerning integration technologies, some laminated circuit devices are experimentally fabricated, and their behavior is determined. The goals of the 1st phase are found achieved. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
This project aims at creating new industrial basement technology which supports the highly information-oriented society in the 21st century, conducts the R and D of technology to control the state of light and electron in the femtosecond time domain (10{sup -15} - 10{sup -12} sec), and establishes the basement technology which exceeds the speed limit of the conventional electronics technology and also includes new functionality. The themes are as follows: 1) R and D of ultra-short pulse optoelectronic technology; 2) R and D of ultra-short optical pulse applied measuring technology. In 1), in addition to the investigational study of the ultra-high speed light source technology, ultra-high speed modulation technology and ultra-high speed switching technology which are needed for the ultra-high speed optical information communication system and the construction, made were the survey and the evaluation of crystal growth technology/process technology of new semiconductor materials which make the fabrication of these high-tech ultra-high speed devices possible. In 2), investigationally studied were the technology for generation/control of ultra-short optical pulse and ultra-short electron beam pulse and the technology for stabilization, and the technology for generation of femtosecond high-intensity X-ray pulse by collision of optical pulse with electron beam pulse. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
The research and development were conducted jointly with Europe of an environmental harmony type high efficient catalyst which enables clean combustion and NOx removal in polluted gas in combustion flue gas, etc. In the research and development of NOx removal catalyst such as zeolite base, reformation of mostly mordenite was done by ion exchange, ion implantation, skeleton element substitution, etc. A possibility was found out of applying the membrane formation method except ion implantation as reforming means. In the R and D of the complex oxide base NOx removal catalyst, it was found that the catalyst carrying copper and silver on silica and layer clay compound under optimum conditions shows peculiarly high activity, and there is little decrease in the activity, but rather increase in it even under vapor existence. An evaluation was made of NO resolution of direct resolution element carrying noble metal electrolyte on solid electrolyte, finding out that the highest NO selectivity is shown with Pd as electrolyte and at a baking temperature of about 1300degC. Development of high- and low-temperature catalysts was also made. 417 refs., 286 figs., 63 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1984-03-30
Research, development and evaluation were performed with an objective of developing environment resistance strengthened elements, with emphasis placed respectively on radiation resistance, heat resistance, and integration degree according to specific requirements in the using environments. The objective for the first term is to develop the basic technology on element structures required to raise the environment resistance, and the methods of testing them. With regard to heat resistant elements, {beta}-SiC single crystal thin films were formed, and a prospect was obtained on using them as the elements. Regarding MOS integrated circuit, bipolar integrated circuit, and GaAs element, points presenting the largest issue in radiation resistance were noticed according to respective elements. Thus, temperature for gate oxide film formation was lowered, element structures were improved, and gate lengths were decreased to enhance the radiation resistance. For the evaluation test technology, a provisional testing method was prepared for the radiation resistance, a prototype in-situ irradiation testing device was fabricated and so was a prototype high-temperature testing device usable up to 500 degrees C. These achievements lead to a belief that the targets for the first term have been achieved. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1980-03-01
This paper describes research achievements in fiscal 1979 in research on hydrogen fueled automobiles as a research on hydrogen energy subsystems. The previous fiscal year has researched heat insulation methods to reduce evaporation loss from a hydrogen tank, prototype liquid level meters, prototype feed pumps (especially material selection for sliding parts) and a flow rate control method. Fiscal 1979 performed measurements of temperatures in different parts in the tank to elucidate how the heat makes invasion. Measurements were performed for the pump on suction valve behavior, internal pump compression force, liner temperatures, and leakage amount. The status of operation was identified and a high performance pump for use in very low temperatures was developed successfully. The pump has high delivery pressure, good durability, and capability of fine adjustment in the delivery quantity. This made the direct injection system for hydrogen fuel possible. Injection of hydrogen into an engine was possible by vaporizing liquefied hydrogen and supplying it as a low temperature gas used at 0 to -40 degrees C. The system has high efficiency. Fuel feed control was possible at the same level as in the existing automobiles. The prototype direct injection system can handle stably the load in actual cars. Material for the fuel tank is an important problem in terms of weight, whose solution is urged. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1985-03-30
The research and development in the first term has searched widely different kinds of raw materials, elucidated electricity conduction mechanism, discussed processing technologies and evaluation methods. It also included molecule designing to develop new raw materials. A method for growing good single crystals of charge migrating complexes was developed, and (BEDT-TTF){sub 2}I{sub 3} crystals were found to manifest superconductivity at 8K under pressure of 1.3 kbar. In addition, elucidation was made on conduction characteristics of (TMTSF){sub 2}ClO{sub 4} being an induction superconductor, and on its superconduction mechanism. Polyacetylene films oriented at a high level by epitaxial polymerization were synthesized, the carrier hopping mechanism of polyacetylene was proposed, and the direction of increasing the conductivity was shown. It was discovered that cyanoacetylene is thermally polymerized at a relatively low temperature, turning into polymer with good orientation and easily into graphite. Polymeric intermediates soluble to polyparaphenylene vinylene (PPV) were synthesized, whereas these intermediates were found to have shaping and stretching properties, and conductivity of 2.8 times 10{sup 3}s/cm was obtained in PPV doped after the stretching. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
The research was conducted jointly with Europe of a catalyst which enables clean combustion and NOx removal in polluted gas in combustion flue gas, etc. Reformation of mordenite and {beta}-zeolite was done by ion exchange, ion implantation, and membrane formation. A catalyst was searched for to obtain reducing agents, C5-C8 components, by decomposing light oil. Saponite, clay compound, showed by copper and silver ion exchanges approximately 50% of activity under 20,000h{sup -1}, C3H6 reducing agent, and without steam. The effect of the temperature of sintering on NOx selective reductionality of silver-carrying alumina catalyst was studied, and in sintering at 800degC, activity increased. When using conductive oxides like ruthenium oxide for electrolyte, NO decomposition selectivity increased. As to the functional layer carried above the Pd electrolyte, iron oxide and magnesium oxide increased NO decomposition selectivity. PdO and rare earth oxides forming compounds controlled variation of activity by dissociation/reoxidation of PdO. As to PdO/Gd203, the initial methane combustion activity was favorable, but there was seen deterioration with age. 271 refs., 281 figs., 58 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)
1994-12-01
This paper reports the study results on R and D of evaluation technology for photovoltaic power generating systems in fiscal 1994. (1) On preparation of test facility and measuring instrument, the pyrheliometer with a photovoltaic device as sensor was developed. (2) On collection and analysis of data, operation data of interconnection system, stand alone system, and water pump system were collected, and energy flow was analyzed. The following were also analyzed: time variation of a-Si solar cell modules, fluctuation correction factor of spectrum response, that of nonlinear response of crystalline solar cells, effect of solar radiation intensity and wind velocity on temperature rise of modules, and correction factor of DC circuit losses. (3) On on-site measurement technology, the array output measuring instrument was developed on the basis of capacitor charge system. (4) On simulation technology, simulation analyses of energy flow, optimum capacity of interconnection systems, correction factor of solar radiation, and capacity of array storage batteries were conducted. 3 figs., 6 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
Indonesia rich in coal resources consumed 70-million tons of coal in 1999, which covered 17% of its total energy demand. It is estimated that as much as 120-million tons will be produced in 2005, and it is expected that underground mining will increase. Under such circumstances, Indonesia strongly desires that Japan's underground mining technologies be transferred to Indonesia. For the transfer of technologies especially involving production control and management out of Japan's underground mining technologies, Japan dispatched engineers to Indonesia under a mining engineer exchange project, and received and trained Indonesian engineers. Under the engineer exchange project, five engineers were dispatched to Indonesia and gave lectures and on-site training in the period July 9 through August 5, 2000. Japan received seven engineers, who were given lectures and training at the Ikeshima mining field of Matsushima Coal Mining Company in the period November 12 through December 12, 2000. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
For the purpose of solving environmental problems caused in association with the increasing industrial activities in the Asia-Pacific region, the construction of a research network is being advanced aiming at promoting exchanges with researchers of other countries and activating information exchanges. Investigators were sent overseas to grasp the present situation, and researchers participated in a symposium on the APEC environmental technology cooperation for mutual understanding and personal interchange. In the overseas survey, visits were paid mainly to national research institutes and universities in India and Thailand. Positive approval was obtained on the construction of the ETERNET APR (Environmental Technology Research Network in the Asia-Pacific Region). In the symposium on the APEC environmental technology cooperation held in Nagoya, researchers participated mostly in the second session and made earnest discussions with researchers from other countries. The necessity and importance of the network was emphasized. Countries which participated the symposium have problems common to each, and it was greatly significant to meet together and discuss together. The environmental problem is on a global scale, and it is necessary to make close exchange/interchange of information/opinion on a long term basis and to tackle it in the whole Asia-Pacific region. 3 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-31
An urgent proposition is made that an advanced computing software program development and maintenance system be set up, and activities are conducted in search of strategies and guidelines for the establishment of such a system. Out of recognition that it is important to develop software programs such as operation systems for supercomputers, a survey is conducted of software technology development strategies especially involving application software programs. It is proposed that efforts be positively exerted to develop strategic software developing programs for advanced computing for concentratedly enhancing the development now under way of strategic software programs. In concrete terms, named as strategic software programs to be developed are a next-generation semiconductor TCAD (technology computer-aided design) system, protein structure/function analysis system, fatigue simulation system, next-generation fluid analysis system, chemical reaction simulator, grid computing, and a nanodevice surface analysis system. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
For next-generation super computing systems, research was made on parallel and distributed compiler technology for enhancing an effective performance, and concerned software and architectures for enhancing a performance in coordination with compilers. As for parallel compiler technology, the researches of scalable automated parallel compiler technology, parallel tuning tools, and an operating system to use multi-processor resources effectively are pointed out to be important as concrete technical development issues. In addition, by developing these research results to the architecture technology of single-chip multi-processors, the possibility of development and expansion of the PC, WS and HPC (high-performance computer) markets, and creation of new industries is pointed out. Although wide-area distributed computing is being watched as next-generation computing industry, concrete industrial fields using such computing are now not clear, staying in the groping research stage. (NEDO)
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Experimental study on the simple water hammer pump; Kan`igata water hammer pump ni kansuru kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Muto, M; Ushiyama, I [Ashikaga Institute of Technology, Tochigi (Japan)
1997-11-25
Outlined herein are experimental results with a water hammer pump. It is a unique pump in that it depends only on potential energy of water to pump-up water. Water flows downwards from a reservoir at a high position into the pump , and is released from the exhaust valve. When velocity of water flowing in the pipe reaches a certain level, hydraulic force exceeds gravity of the exhaust valve to rapidly closes it, which is accompanied by rapid increase in pressure in the pump. High-pressure water flows into the air chamber, after pushing up the lifting valve, to compress air in the chamber. The lifting valve is closed, when pressure in the air chamber exceeds that in the pump, to pump up water in the chamber through the lifting pipe. Closure of the lifting valve produces a negative pressure within the pump, which, together with gravity of the exhaust valve, opens the valve again. The pump lifts water at 1.64l/min under the conditions of head: 3m and lift: 6m at an efficiency of 48.1%. 1 ref., 4 fig., 2 tab.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Park, S; Matsui, T [Osaka University, Osaka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering; Park, M; Fujiwara, H [Osaka University, Osaka (Japan)
1997-10-22
Kinds of ground materials, porosity, electrical resistivity of pores, degree of saturation, and content of clays are the factors affecting the electrical resistivity of soils. In addition to these factors, the electrical resistivity of soils around hot spring water and geothermal areas depends on the temperature due to fluctuation of cation mobility in the pore water with the temperature. In this paper, the temperature dependency of electrical resistivity of groundwater and soils is investigated by recognizing that of groundwater as that of pore water. As a result, it was found that the electrical resistivity of groundwater becomes lower as increasing the amount of dissolved cation, and that the temperature dependency of electrical resistivity is not significant because of the small mobility of cation. The electrical resistivity of soils was significantly affected by that of pore water, in which the mobility of cation was changed with temperature changes. Accordingly, the temperature dependency of electrical resistivity of soils has a similar tendency as that of groundwater. 5 refs., 9 figs., 2 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
Cooperative study was conducted on research subjects concerning water pollution preventive technologies in China and Thailand. In China, straw pulp mills were studied which were in the Institute of Light Industry Environmental Protection and the Environmental Engineering Course of Jinghua University. The following studies were jointly conducted: survey of the water quality pollution caused by waste water, investigational study on production technology and waste water treatment technology, extraction of technologies effective to preserve water quality, study/evaluation of economical efficiency of the said technologies, etc. In Thailand, cooperative research was conducted on automatic measuring technology for factory waste water in a model industrial estate of the Thai National Industrial Estate Corporation. Items for the study were a study on measuring technology for water quality environment, an investigation on the status of water quality environment in the model industrial estate, a study on automatic measuring technology for plant waste water, a study on how to use measuring data in the model industrial estate, etc. Every study enabled technical data accumulation at every research institute through field research exchanges. 24 refs., 91 figs., 45 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
Because of an increase in energy demand due to economic growth and industrial structure change in the Asian area and its effect on global environment, the economic evolution harmonizing with energy and environment (3E) of the Asian area is required. The role of Japan, in particular, NEDO for achieving such 3E was studied from an international viewpoint. The following are thus surveyed: The history of energy demands, economic growth, an increase in energy consumption and their effect on global environment in the Asian area, and the policies, measures and future plans of Asian countries corresponding to the above situations. The role of NEDO is first of all R & D of biomass toward practical use, and development of effective use technology of biomass energy. Positive approach to control of CO2 emission and immobilization of CO2 is also required in industrial and traffic fields. As technology transfer from Japan, promotion of joint researches and establishment of an economic support scheme are expected together with transfer of the basement technology and training. 79 figs., 13 tabs.
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Present status and prospect of the pneumatics; Kukiatsu gijutsu no ayumi to kongono kenkyu no kadai
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Kawai, S. [Waseda University, Tokyo (Japan). School of Science and Engineering
2000-05-15
This paper describes course of pneumatic technologies and problems in future researches. Pneumatic systems are inferior to electric and hydraulic systems in terms of efficiency. It is because electric power is converted into fluidized energy by using a compressor, and then converted to mechanical energy by using an actuator. When theses published from 1990 through 1999 are put in order, the research objects are accounted for half by control related technologies, and researches related to elements account for only one third. This paper enumerates assignments to be tackled positively in the future by utilizing compressibility of air in pneumatic systems, and features of high speed drive utilizing the stored energy instantaneously. Application of air pressure to robotics from the demand of the aging society, and pneumatic tools having intelligent functions must be subjected to new contrivances. These will serve for work assistance systems to enable aged people to perform works, and for activating industries including organic agriculture. Tools in this sense may include impact wrench, and others. Furthermore, development of fundamental studies for 'why air pressure?' is demanded strongly, including the viewpoint of LCA in the recycling type society. (NEDO)
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Study of the O2/CO2 combustion technology; Sanso nensho gijutsu ni kakawaru chosa kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Kato, M [Center for Coal Utilization, Japan, Tokyo (Japan); Kiga, T; Yamada, T [Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan); Arai, K [Nippon Sanso K.K., Tokyo (Japan); Mori, T [Inst. of Research and Innovation, Tokyo (Japan); Kimura, N; Okawa, M [Electric Power Development Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)
1996-09-01
This study is being progressed during a period from 1992 to 1999 as part of the NEDO`s clean coal technology program. This paper describes what has been discussed to date. The absorption method and the adsorption method may be used to recover CO2 as means to deal with the problem of global warming resulted from burning coals. These methods, however, have problems in economy caused from concentration of CO2 in flue gas being low. The present study is intended to raise the CO2 concentration in flue gas by using oxygen plus circulated flue gas in the place of combustion air, so that CO2 may be recovered as it is without being separated from the flue gas. Therefore, an oxygen-blown pulverized coal fired power generation plant having a cryogenic oxygen manufacturing equipment was designed to discuss the plant operability and economy, and the pulverized coal combustion technology by using a dynamic simulation. A large number of findings have been obtained already, and the study has reached a level at which grasping the whole image is now possible. 13 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
The control technology of nanostructure and amorphous structure for small components was studied by literature and patent survey. On nanostructured heat-resistant high-strength materials, a particle dispersion technology by MA method, up-grading technology of steel materials by controlled rolling and oxide metallurgy, and grain refinement technology by phase transformation were extracted. On nanostructured light-weight high-strength malarial, Al base alloy is promising from the viewpoint of resource and energy saving. On amorphous high environment resistant materials, the study on the corrosion resistance of Mo-Ta, Fe-Cr and Ni-Fe alloys is promising. On amorphous magnetic materials, the structure system with an amorphous formability higher than that of previous soft magnetic materials was found. R & D subjects for creating advanced amorphous and nanostructured bulk materials were extracted. Development of supporting technologies for material creation, formation and evaluation is necessary as well as the material design/control technology. 569 refs., 85 figs., 11 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Nakatake, K; Oda, K; Yoshitake, A; Fujita, K; Nakajima, A [Kyushu University, Fukuoka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering
1996-04-10
The interaction force induced to hull by steering is important for prediction of control performance of ships. The control interaction force coefficient dependent on the steering has been investigated through the rudder angle tests using three small model ships with a length of 2.5 m, i.e., mathematical type of ship, cargo type of ship, and tanker type of ship. The interaction forces acting on the hull, propeller, and rudder were determined by measuring the lateral force as well as the forward force of the hydrodynamic forces acting on the rudder. These forces were compared with the theoretically calculated values. Prior to the rudder angle tests, the self propulsion factor and the number of revolution of propeller were determined from the results of the open water tests, resistance tests, and self propulsion tests by the changing load method. The rudder angle tests were conducted under this number of revolution of propeller as a standard condition, and under those increasing and decreasing by 15%. Consequently, the interaction forces determined from the rudder angle tests agreed well with those determined from the other tests. When comparing the control hydrodynamic forces determined from the tests with those theoretically calculated, a similar trend was observed. Effectiveness of the theoretical model was confirmed. 4 refs., 14 figs., 3 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Kobayashi, Masami [Kyoto University, Kyoto (Japan). Graduate School of Engineering
1998-12-16
In Japan, there were some serious disasters in recent years. In 1991, Unzen-Fugendake erupted and more than 1,000 people were forced to take refuge from their houses. In 1993, Hokkaido-Nanseioki earthquake attacked the south-east area of Hokkaido and more than 3,557 houses were destroyed. In Japan, the government supplies the temporary housing to those who lost house from the natural disasters. The purpose of supplying temporary houses mentioned in the disaster relief law (established in 1947) prescribes the purpose of temporary housing that to rescue the poor who can not afford getting a shelter with their own funds. But actual condition of temporary housing is completely different. Government supplies temporary housing to all those who request temporary housing. The term of using temporary house tend to become longer. The regulation about temporary housing has not been yet up to dated. Many problems concerning about temporary housing originate in outdated regulation. The temporary housing have to be ranked in the part of restoration process from natural disaster. (author)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
The energy saving environment-friendly technology for low- grade difficult-to-process ores was researched focusing attention on the hydro-metallurgical process of non-ferrous metals. This research aims at development of both effective leaching system of metals, and separation/crystallization system recognizing the property difference between metal ions in solution. The leaching system allows the inexpensive molecular level control of electron transfer, mass transfer of metal ions and stabilization of leached metal ions in a solid/liquid interface. The system thus allows selective leaching of metals from various resources such as difficult- to-leach sulfide minerals to prepare concentrated solutions. The separation system can obtain high-purity solutions including each metal ion by advanced separation/concentration technology from the solutions. The crystallization technology (including electrolysis) is developed for preparing target metal materials by molecular level control of nucleation, particle growth, thin film formation and bulky metal formation processes. Overall energy consumption is reduced to 1/3 of that of the pyro-metallurgical method, aiming at zero emission. 15 refs., 14 figs., 11 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
Survey and research on the precision control of primary structure of polymeric materials and the precision evaluation technology have been conducted to develop advanced polymeric materials. It is proposed that the three basic processes of polymer synthesis, i.e., addition, condensation, and biomimesis, in forming the precision polymerization skeleton are to be covered through a centralized joint research effort with participation of industry, academia, and the government institute and under the leadership of researchers from academic institutions as the team leaders. For the study of technology trends, international conferences held in UK, Germany, and Hawaii are introduced, and domestic meetings, i.e., Annual Polymer Congress and Polymer Conference, are summarized. In addition, Precision Polymerization Forum and International Workshop on Precision Polymerization were held. The basic studies include a quantum-chemical elucidation of the elementary process in polymerization reaction, time-resolved analysis of polymerization process and polymer properties, synthesis of polymers with controlled microstructures by coordination polymerization using metal complexes, synthesis of polymer with controlled microstructures by precision polycondensation, molecular recognition in catalyst-reaction site, and synthesis of imprinting polymers. 246 refs., 117 figs., 14 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Kamiji, K.; Fukuda, K.; Morita, K. [Honda Motor Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)
1998-05-01
Discussions were given on airbags equipped in passenger cars as to methods of evaluating their deployment injuries. Airbag deployment injuries occur in occupants being out of position. In a driver`s seat, an injury may occur when an air bag deploys under a condition that a driver with relatively short body height gets closer to a steering wheel to maintain the driving posture. In a front passenger seat, if a child is not held in a restraint equipment, the child may be blown off into the vicinity of the airbag, whose deployment can cause an injury. According to the result of a test performed on a driver being out of position, the test method using a hybrid 3 dummy specified in the present ISO procedure may not necessarily be said to produce an evaluation on the worst case. In order to solve the problem, an ATD dummy which can measure bend in each rib independently would be used, or the hybrid 3 dummy must be measured in the worst set position. 4 refs., 8 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1983-03-31
The results of the first phase research and development project for developing the metal-based composite materials as the basic technologies of the next generation are evaluated. For development of highly functional materials, the efforts are directed to understanding the basic characteristics regarding wettability and reactivity of PAN-based carbon fibers and PCS-based silicon carbide fibers with metals, in which aluminum-based matrices are considered; preliminary tests for various composting methods; and development of wire preforms as the intermediate materials. Bright prospects have been obtained for improving problems involved in each technique. For development of molding/processing techniques, basic researches have been conducted for hot pressing/rolling, extrusion/withdrawal, powder molding and melt molding, using various reinforcing fibers. Bright prospects have been also obtained for combinations of adequate molding processes for individual materials. For development of design techniques, the basic data regarding mechanical characteristics of FRMs, both domestic and foreign, are collected, and analyzed by the trace tests with specimens, to set up the targets for FRM function improvements, viewed from the designs. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-05-01
The permanent magnets have been investigated and developed, for eventual commercialization of a 10 MWh power storage system by high-temperature superconducting flywheel. The permanent magnet rotors have been already developed in the previous years using a praseodymium-based magnet (Pr magnet) and neodymium-based sintered magnet (Nd sintered magnet), and the target rotational speed of 30,000 rpm has been attained. For development of the magnetic circuit to produce a stronger and smoother magnetic field, magnetic flux density of the Nd sintered magnet is measured. It shows a lower magnetic flux irregularity than the Pd magnet, but there is still room for further improvement. For development of large-size permanent magnet fabrication techniques, it is confirmed that the large-size Nd sintered magnet can be easily magnetized by partial magnetizing, as is the case with the Pr magnet. In this year, the irregular magnetic flux is three-dimensionally simulated, based on the results obtained in the previous years, to find that the simulated results are in good agreement with the observed ones. The measures to solve the problems are also investigated. It is also confirmed that the large-size ring magnet can be easily magnetized by partial magnetization. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
This paper is a generalized report in relation with the mine waste water treatment technology utilizing biotechnology, from among the promotion projects for research cooperation with China. Ferric iron (Fe{sup 3+}), which precipitates at low pH, is produced by utilizing bacteria which derives energy from oxidizing ferrous iron (Fe{sup 2+}) in the waste water, and the iron is precipitated and removed by using low-cost calcium carbonate as a neutralizing agent. Joint researches and developments have been carried out on selection of optimal kinds of bacteria, cultivation of bacteria oxidizing iron at high efficiency, optimal removal system of heavy metals in mine waste water, and recovery of useful resources. Japanese engineers were sent to sites in China, Chinese researchers were received in Japan, and pilot plants were operated and studied. For the purpose of proliferating and enlightening the result of the project, a seminar was held in Beijing in February 1998. In order for the achievements derived up to fiscal 1998 to be used in diverse fields, fiscal 1999 will carry out follow-ups, including assistance, for the voluntary researches performed by China. The follow-ups will also include confirmation on the state of testing the iron oxidizing bacteria technology, technical guidance, and analyses and discussions on the data. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1991-03-01
Research, development and evaluation were performed in order to establish basic technologies to realize new information processing incorporating high-order functions of living organisms, and bio-elements equipped with high-order functions. In the field of developing technical means to measure directly the information processing function of living organisms, detailed analysis has become possible for the first time on spatial operation of nerve activities by using two-dimensional beam measurement operation on the nerve activities. In the field of aiming at modeling, a system to realize functions effective in terms of engineering was structured by incorporating into the model the functions specific to nervous systems of visual sense and motion. In the field of element technologies, a large progress was seen in the basic technology and evaluation technology such as design and fabrication of molecules added with different functions in the LB membrane. Membranes having simple but different functions such as light beam and scent detection were manufactured, whereas a possibility of having them manifest functions as elements was verified. Furthermore, possibilities were discovered in manufacturing functional membranes by using self-organizing capability as a result of using basic properties possessed by polymers, and in realizing functions simulating plasticity of nerves. These achievements would lead to a belief that the targets of the first term research and development have been achieved nearly completely. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-05-01
The R and D program is implemented for permanent magnet, as part of the project aimed at commercialization of a 10 MWh-class high-temperature superconducting magnetic bearing type power storage system. A speed of rotation of 28,570 rpm is attained by using an iron intermediate ring for a Pr permanent magnet rotator and reinforcing the rotator with a plastic hoop reinforced with carbon fibers three-fold (CFPR hoop). The speed is increased to 31,300 rpm by interlacing carbon fibers also in the radial direction and replacing iron for the intermediate ring by titanium. The highest speed of rotation of 33,506 rpm is realized by the rotator of permanent magnet of sintered Nd. The magnetic circuit of stronger, more smooth magnetic field needs the permanent magnet of less uneven magnetic flux. The magnet is of a monoaxially anisotropic rare-earth metal, with four-fold magnetic ring bodies having fan-shaped small pieces arranged on each ring. Uneven magnetic flux occurs at the joint between these small pieces. The one-body-ring magnet of radially anisotropic, sintered Nd is developed, and incorporated in the repulsion type magnetic circuit, to reduce unevenness of the magnetic flux. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1991-04-01
Research, development and evaluation were performed with an objective of establishing the basic technology related to three-dimensional circuit elements that integrate functions at ultra-high density. For the basic technology of lamination, the SOI technology suitable for the three-dimensional circuit elements was developed, and it has become possible to manufacture high-quality multi-layered crystalline structure by means of annealing that uses laser and electron beam. In addition, a lateral epitaxial technology for solid phase was developed, and the base to be applied to the three-dimensional circuit elements was established. Furthermore, the technology to put thin film circuits together would be useful for high-density integration in the future. The three-dimensional circuit makes parallel processing in each segment possible, whereas a possibility was shown that the processing can be performed at much higher speed than before. Actually a prototype three-dimensional circuit equipped with functions for parallel processing and judgment processing was fabricated. The image pre-processing which has been impossible on the real time basis in the conventional two-dimensional integrated circuit was realized in a speed as fast as milli-second order. These achievements lead to a belief that the targets for the present research and development have been achieved. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1993-03-01
The trends of the ongoing researches on intermetallic compounds are surveyed through interviews and inquiries, in order to evaluate the results of the projects and research and development of the advanced materials for severe environments, and also to survey the research trends. The survey results are pigeonholed into 4 general categories; (1) research trends in the USA, UK and Germany, (2) notable topics of recent progress in intermetallic research and development, (3) evaluation of the projects, and (4) lists of the results of the researches on the Al-Ti and Al-Nb intermetallic compounds. The ongoing projects include those for intermetallic compounds of high specific strength and of high melting point, the former being represented by Al-Ti compounds and the latter by Al-Nb compounds, for aircraft and space development purposes. The projects are evaluated, viewed from materials and purposes/targets pursued by the projects, R and D organizations, and degree of attention the projects are attracting. The intermetallic compounds are extensively studied and attracting attention in various countries, but possibilities of achieving the set targets are rather pessimistic. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)
1994-12-01
This paper reports the study results on R and D of photovoltaic modules integrated with construction materials in fiscal 1994. (1) On development of technology for module structures, specifications of the horizontal muntin system module were newly determined in addition to the improved muntin system module, and the prototype pseudo-module integrated with construction material was prepared. The comparison results of the basic performance of both system modules clarified superior waterproofing and module temperature uniformity of the horizontal muntin system. Based on this specifications, integration technology of modules with back metal plates was studied. Formation of the integrated module close to final specifications was ascertained to be possible by use of passivation equipment to irregular form. (2) On development of construction and installation methods of modules, improvement of the waterproofing and workability of both system modules was studied. (3) On the study on practical use of modules, their design and ventilation/cooling structure were studied. 38 figs., 13 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)
1994-12-01
This paper reports the study results on R and D of the evaluation system for solar cells in fiscal 1994. (1) On development of the performance evaluation method for solar cells, data collection, analysis and measurement of atmospheric conditions necessary for outdoor measurement were carried out to improve the measurement accuracy of laminated solar cells. The validity of measurement methods was verified by comparing experimental results with outdoor measurement ones to improve the indoor measurement accuracy by multiple light source solar simulator. Generated energy in solar cell module level was also studied in field. (2) On development of the reliability evaluation method for solar cells, deterioration data were collected and analyzed by long-term exposure test. As a result, it was clarified that Pmax values are directly affected by seasonal change in air mass, and deterioration of solar cells is hardly found after exposure test for one year, showing a stable state. The characteristic recovery experiment of amorphous solar cell modules was carried out, and the accelerated deterioration test method of thin film cell modules was also studied. 2 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)
1994-12-01
This paper reports the survey results on R and D of solar cell evaluation systems in fiscal 1994. The performance/reliability evaluation subcommittee continuously analyzed technical issues and discussed solution measures from the last fiscal year. On development of performance evaluation methods, improvement of measurement accuracy for laminated solar cells is the study issue to be solved. Although laminated solar cells are measured by multiple light source solar simulator, difficult spectrum compensation causes measurement errors. Collection and analysis of data for determining atmospheric conditions, and outdoor measurement experiment under the atmospheric conditions for reference solar light were carried out. The study on incident angle characteristics of laminated solar cells clarified that the deviation from COS characteristics is 1.0% or less at an incident angle of 30{degree}. The study on generated energy in solar cell module level in field clarified that generated energy and generation efficiency are proportional to intensity of solar radiation. 1 tab.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1984-03-30
The results of the first phase research and development project for developing the resin-based composite materials as the basic technologies of the next generation are evaluated. This project is aimed at development of the resin-based composite materials as light, high-strength and high-rigidity structural materials. Development of the basic techniques for these materials is of high significance, and highly rated. The first R and D phase efforts are directed to synthesis of new skeleton and terminal compounds, and their introduction into the matrices; application/combination of various fiber surface modification techniques; development of the basic techniques for intermediate materials for three-dimensional fabrics, triaxial fabrics and hybrid materials; improvement of the main techniques for a series of molding/processing steps; adoption of new methods; and development of design programs and elementary design techniques. The technical targets of improving functions of each item have been achieved, or bright prospects have been obtained therefor, each involving potentials of functional improvements by developing new functions. It is also considered that the parallel, competitive development and promotion of 7 routes in researches on the matrix resins have brought great effects. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1986-03-31
The results of the second phase research and development project for developing the metal-based composite materials as the basic technologies of the next generation are evaluated. For development of highly functional materials, the efforts are directed to modification of PAN-based high-strength carbon fibers for aluminum-based FRMs, and also to development of the methods for controlling interfacial reactions at high temperature by modification of the base materials for titanium-based FRMs. For development of carbon fiber-based intermediate materials, the techniques are developed for continuous production of wire preforms of aluminum. For development of molding/processing techniques, the press molding and powder HIP molding techniques are developed to give a planar product of the FRM of titanium alloy reinforced with evaporated filaments of silicon carbide, which shows an average tensile strength exceeding the target level. Also developed are the press and roll molding techniques for the wire preforms of aluminum reinforced with silicon carbide fibers, the planar product therefrom showing a tensile strength of at least 99% of the base material. It is concluded that the objectives of the second-phase project are almost achieved. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
A study was made for the purpose of electrification of unelectrified zones of the mountainous areas in developing countries using extremely small hydroelectric power facilities. The target for this project is a development of a micro hydroelectric power system with a size of about 5kW, which is estimated regarding that 1 village has 80 houses and each house needs electricity of 60W. In the study, the low-head system using a weir of irrigation channels in Subang pref. of West Java state was selected by the evaluation of access, stability of flow rate, natural conditions, etc. The hydroelectric power plant is of a flow-in method in which water is taken from the left bank and is injected/discharged to the downstream of the left bank. As the hybrid complementary power source, hybrid battery with a two-hour charging time at peak and a capacity of 3.5kWh was considered. When estimating the construction cost of the hybrid micro hydroelectric power system and equalizing by durable years, the operational cost per kW is 15 times higher than the benefits which local people receive. It was judged to be difficult to say that the micro hydroelectric power system is economically feasible. It was predicted that the financial profit during the demonstrative test is good, according to a trial calculation of income from power rates and the operational cost. 18 refs., 90 figs., 53 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1975-05-27
This report summarizes the fiscal 1974 research result on R and D of new type solar cells, which includes researches on (1) solar cell structure, (2) packaging, and (3) improvement of a conversion efficiency. In the 1st research, theoretical study was made on the relation between a solar cell efficiency and various design factors to obtain basic data for ordinary cell structure and vertical junction type cell structure. As impurity source, a thermal diffusion method using doped oxide by CVD was compared with that using boron nitride, resulting in no difference in solar cell characteristics between both methods. The measurement results on contact resistances of Al, Fe and Ni with electrodes prepared by electron beam deposition showed that these materials are applicable to Si more than 10{sup 18}/cm{sup 3} in impurity density as electrode materials. In the 2nd research, exposure tests were made on some kinds of specimens, resulting in no troubles. Study was made on production costs and structures suitable for automatic production of 4 kinds of packages with different basic structures. In the 3rd research, the prototype solar cell was prepared to use under solar radiation within 20SUNS. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
The Japan-China joint research and seminar were conducted which were titled 'The technological/economic approach for realization of a harmony of energy/environment/economy in China in a period of transition of the system and the study of the spread of the results.' In the study of the policy for development of small/medium enterprises in China, discussions were made on the stage of the development of small/medium enterprises in China, consideration of the credit guarantee system for small/medium enterprises, and the present situation of the credit evaluation of small/medium enterprises. In the study of the economy rule/regulation system of China, problems in the legal system that China are faced with by joining WTO and the measures to be taken therefor, study of the product quality law in China, study of the competition law system in China, and study of the environmental protection law. In the study of the control of enterprises in China, the environmental accounting in China. In the study of the measures to be taken to promote the inland region of China, the finance support system for great development of the west, and the study of the relation between the water source in the dry region of northwest China and the sustainable economic growth. Further discussed was the study of the intellectual property right system in China. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1987-04-01
Summarized in detail herein are R and D results of the chemical heat storage techniques and plant simulation, for R and D of the super heat pump energy accumulation system. For R and D of the chemical heat storage techniques, the R and D efforts are directed to the researches on the fundamental reactions and continuous exothermic reactions involved for the high temperature heat storage type (utilizing the metathesis reactions); researches on the physical properties, heat storage systems, solid-phase reactions, liquid-phase reactors, corrosion of the materials, and so on for the high temperature heat storage type (utilizing ammonia complex); collection of the data related to media and structural materials, tests of the elementary equipment for the absorption and hydration reactions, and so on for the high temperature heat storage type (chemical heat storage utilizing hydration); researches on the media properties and system performance, tests of equipment, and so on for the high temperature heat storage type (heat storage/heating utilizing solvation); researches on the heat storage media, heat storage techniques, corrosion of the materials, systems, and so on for the low temperature heat storage type (utilizing the hydration reactions by mixing solutes); and researches on the media, corrosion and elementary equipment, optimization of the system, and so on for the low temperature heat storage type (clathrate low temperature heat storage systems). (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1994-03-01
Researches are in progress with a view to establishing fundamental technology for a quantum functional device, which engineeringly uses various quantum mechanical effects emerging in a ultrafine dimentional area, for the purpose of contributing to the micro electronics technology that deals with ultra high speed and ultra high functional information processing necessitated in an advanced information-oriented society. Survey on research activities was conducted concerning the peripheral technologies of a quantum functional device project, for example, related technologies such as a high temperature scanning tunneling microscope enabling preparation of a micro structure of nm order, and an ultra high vacuum CVD device. In addition, discussions were held on the subjects of preparation/evaluation technology of a quantum functional device and a single electronic device, with the purpose of predicting/judging, from a wider viewpoint, indications of unexpected research results of the R and D in the remarkably evolving field of quantum functional devices, quickly taking the indications into projects, and efficiently promoting the R and D by making sure of the directions to proceed. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1979-03-01
This paper describes the result of discussions on hydrogen fueled automobiles in fiscal 1978. Hydrogen fueled automobiles have a difficulty in developing methods for transporting hydrogen, whereas the liquefied hydrogen method and the metal hydride method are being studied in parallel at the present. It is also necessary to solve such basic problems as the method for supplying hydrogen to engines, the injection method, and countermeasures for abnormal combustion. Safety assurance is also important. Very little information is available presently on methods for storing hydrogen inside a car and supplying thereof, which are required for evaluating utilization of liquefied hydrogen to automobiles. Demonstrative surveys and researches are required to acquire basic materials for hydrogen feeding methods in broader meaning including storage and control. Therefore, fiscal 1977 has begun trial fabrication of experimental liquefied hydrogen tanks, and preliminary and experimental researches on types and materials for feed pumps. Fiscal 1978 has moved forward improvements in prototype tank performance (heat insulation method to reduce evaporation loss), trial fabrication of liquid level meters, trial fabrication of feed pumps (especially selection of materials for the sliding parts), and researches on flow rate control methods. Drawings for modification and experiment of the liquefied hydrogen tanks were prepared, and the promising candidates were selected for material combination in pump sliding parts. Durability tests are continuing thereon. Flow rate control was also discussed. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1985-03-30
The first term has performed research and development placing emphasis on that 'the basic study on membrane separation is to be performed systematically to elucidate governing factors in membrane separation'. With respect to water/ethanol separation by using the penetration gasifying method, it was indicated that excellent separation performance can be exhibited by using natural polymers having sugar chain skeleton as a raw material, and by controlling the membrane structure by means of membrane manufacturing methods. For enhancement of performance in water selective permeation type separation membrane, it was shown experimentally that it is important to select a membrane suitable for the object of separation and a separation method that uses the selected membrane. Regarding the water/ethanol separation, it was shown theoretically that the penetration gasifying method can save more energy than the conventional distillation method, where the development target was presented. It was recognized that impregnation type liquid membrane using crown ether can separate amino acid optical isomers. High separation performance was obtained in carbon monoxide/nitrogen separation by using fluid carrier that uses cuprous iodine/1-methyl imidazole. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1989-05-01
A proposal was given on a new processing process to use Ni-group super alloy, and elucidation was given on super plasticity phenomenon by using non-destructive tests. The Ni-group super heat-resistant alloy Mod. IN-100 subjected to different preforms by means of extrusion was given a super plasticity test at 1,050 degrees C to derive total elongation and 'm' value. As a result, it was disclosed that a material annealed for one hour at 1,070 degrees C after extrusion of 70% at 1,100 degrees C possesses the maximum 'm' value in the vicinity of 2.0 times 10{sup -2}s{sup -1}. The largest key to the new processing method is to improve the nature of the material, in which the plasticity manifestation velocity is accelerated by ten times to the order of 10{sup -2}s{sup -1} as described above. In addition, forging of IN-100 was made possible by using the ordinary forging equipment with the use of two-fold measures. The measures consist of maintaining temperature of IN-100 during casting by heating the die material to about 600 degrees C, rather than keeping it at a constant temperature, and then packing IN-100 in S35C steel material to accommodate the temperature decrease during casting inside the S35C pack. Thus, a processing method was made practical, eliminating need of the forging process to compress and solidify powder itself, that is the extrusion process. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
The Japan-China joint research and seminar were conducted which were titled 'The technological/economic approach for realization of a harmony of energy/environment/economy in China in a period of transition of the system and the study of the spread of the results.' In the study of the policy for development of small/medium enterprises in China, discussions were made on the stage of the development of small/medium enterprises in China, consideration of the credit guarantee system for small/medium enterprises, and the present situation of the credit evaluation of small/medium enterprises. In the study of the economy rule/regulation system of China, problems in the legal system that China are faced with by joining WTO and the measures to be taken therefor, study of the product quality law in China, study of the competition law system in China, and study of the environmental protection law. In the study of the control of enterprises in China, the environmental accounting in China. In the study of the measures to be taken to promote the inland region of China, the finance support system for great development of the west, and the study of the relation between the water source in the dry region of northwest China and the sustainable economic growth. Further discussed was the study of the intellectual property right system in China. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1993-03-01
Trends of research on carbon based composite materials were surveyed through studying various reports and technical literature and evaluation of the project named above was conducted through holding interviews with researchers. In the survey of research trends for which technical literature perusal was the main tool, it was found that in most technical articles the important task was the enhancement of oxidation resistance, that SiC coating was in use for this purpose, that the technology would meet its limit at 1,600-1,700 degrees C, and that it would turn useless at temperatures beyond 1,800 degrees C. For the evaluation of the project, interviews were held with nine researchers not taking part in the project. The researchers favored the project as far as the popularity of the project and the main implementing body and system were concerned, but they negatively evaluated the project's goal of using such materials at 2,000 degrees C in the atmosphere. This research report comprises four chapters which cover (1) trends of research on C/C (carbon/carbon) composites, (2) a summarized research report on C/C composites, (3) survey of patents associated with C/C composites, and (4) opinions expressed toward the project and the results of evaluation conducted on the same. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1991-03-01
Research, development and evaluation were performed with an objective of establishing the basic technology related to the recombinant DNA utilizing technology to create new microorganisms for processes in the chemical industry. The major achievements of the present research and development include establishment of the P450 gene manifestation system attributed from microsomes and mitochondria, and the success of the world's first simultaneous manifestation of P450 and reduction enzyme. Furthermore, the fused enzyme combining P450 and the reduction enzyme genetically was successfully manufactured ahead of the other countries, opening the way to industrializing the recombinant enzymes for use in bio-processes in the chemical industry. In creating a high-efficiency secretion recombinant bacillus subtilis stock, a bacillus subtilis host whose protease activity has been noticeably decreased was created. As an achievement of the research on the 'basic recombinant DNA technology', high-efficiency manifestation vector of medium level thermophile was created, and its usefulness was demonstrated. In addition, a host and vector system for high level thermophile was developed for the first time in the world. These achievements have opened the way to industrial utilization of the thermophilic bacteria. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1991-05-01
For the enhancement of separation process efficiency and energy efficiency in the chemical industry, etc., basic technologies are developed involving high-performance separation membrane materials which are excellent in durability and usable in the field where separation by membranes has been impractical. The liquid mixtures subjected to separation are a neutral organic compound/water system, an acidic organic compound/water system, and a polar organic compound/water system; the gas mixtures subjected to separation are an oxygen/nitrogen system and a carbon monoxide/nitrogen system. After a 10-year/3-phase development endeavors, the initially intended goals are sufficiently achieved. Among those that have to be mentioned is the development of a nonaqueous separation membrane, a supported liquid membrane with amino acid optically active high performance separation capability, a high-precision evaluation unit for gas separation membrane characteristics, a selective permeation membrane with high-level oxygen and carbon monoxide carriers and reactivation technology, a high-performance ethanol separation membrane, a water/polar organic compound separation membrane, and a water/acetic acid separation membrane and stability providing technology. In particular, the water selective permeation membrane for a mixture of water and alcohol has already arrived at the stage of bench plant demonstration. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1977-05-30
This report describes the fiscal 1976 research result on new type solar cells for photovoltaic power systems. On junction formation, the solar cell fabricated by spray coating showed output characteristics equivalent to that by rotary coating or phase diffusion, and inexpensive coating liquid, 1/40 of commercially available liquid in price, showed a sufficient result, however, the conversion efficiency of P{sup +}/N elements was insufficient. Schottky barrier polycrystal Si thin film was suitable for large-area elements without any property degradation. Small grain boundary density of polycrystal layers was also necessary. Temperature characteristics of collector element structure with a comb electrode were calculated theoretically. Change in diffusion length of minority carriers due to temperature well agreed between measured and calculated ones. Optimization calculation was also carried out. The size, curve, weight and transmissivity of plastic and glass materials for solar cell packaging were evaluated by continuous outdoor exposure tests. Fluorinated ethylene-propylene, methyl methacrylate and polycarbonate plates and glass were the most promising materials because of less deformation. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1993-03-01
This project is aimed at development of the materials which show functions in a living body by coating a substrate of, e.g., silica or glass, with layered novel peptide synthesized to include unusual amino acid required to have the functions. The existing peptide-related technologies are reviewed and the natural peptide list is prepared. A total of 15 literature is surveyed, and the contents are pigeonholed into 8 items; (1) prospects of peptide engineering, (2) designs of peptide structures, (3) technologies of peptide synthesis, (4) synthesis of unusual amino acid and inclusion into peptide, (5) analysis of peptide structures, (6) physiological activity of peptide, (7) development of peptide materials and function manifestation, and (8) information retrieval of natural peptide (comprising 30 amino acids or less). The item (2) involves analysis and prediction of hydrophobicity of oligopeptide, item (3) chemical synthesis of protein, and protease-aided condensation of dipeptide, and item (7) solar cells based on a photoelectric conversion material and pigment-sensitized colloidal titanium oxide. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
This paper reports the achievements in fiscal 1995 in the research and development project for an electronics design and production aid system of simple operation type (MATIC). The project is intended to support works of Asian countries on the information society, and enhance levels of the manufacturing industries and supportive industries by utilizing the information technologies. The working group (WG)I, related to automobiles and components thereof, improved functions of the primary system and continued demonstration tests. The group launched for the secondary system a system development that makes timely information transmission and receipt possible among research and development enterprises, local assembly enterprises and facility and parts suppliers. The WGII (household appliances and their parts) designed and developed an electronic catalog system based on pre-prototypes developed independently by different countries, and performed demonstration tests. The WGIII (textiles and apparels) carried out with China demonstration tests on the international EDI system, translation system and CAD/CAM system. It also developed a sewing technology standards system. It installed equipment and devices in Indonesia for preparation of the demonstration tests. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1989-05-01
The present research work has been performing research and development of the following alloys: (1) 'single crystalline alloy' , the entire alloy being composed of one crystal eliminating crystalline boundaries as an ultra heat resistant alloy with emphasis placed on improvement in particularly the creep properties, and 'particle dispersion strengthened alloy', in which ultrafine particles of oxides are dispersed uniformly; and (2) 'ultra heat resistant and tough alloy' targeted at high-temperature toughness by using Ni-group allowing ultra plasticity forging processing by micronizing crystal particles, as an ultra plastic and highly tough alloy having better processibility than conventional alloys, and 'light-weight highly tough alloy' aimed at achieving light weight and high toughness by using Ti-group. Achievements derived from the present research and development may be summarized as follows: in alloy development, alloys having performance of the world's highest level or equivalent have been developed; a manufacturing technology to make products with complex shapes has been established by using the alloy material manufacturing technology and the alloy materials developed therefrom, where prototype components of such shapes as turbine blades and turbine disks for jet engines were fabricated successfully; and the big fruit obtained was that a large number of technological experiences were acquired from this research and development. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)
1994-12-01
This paper reports the study results on R and D of the evaluation method for BOS component devices in fiscal 1994. (1) On the study on requirements of BOS component devices for practical use, the study results on storage battery, inverter, protective device for system interconnection, and effective use means for storage battery were summarized. On the future device technology, it was clarified that the following value added technologies are promising: simple design of inverter circuit, cost reduction by common specification and mass production, and stabilization of voltage and compensation of momentary peak load by combining inverter with small-capacity storage batteries. (2) On the study on the performance test method for BOS component devices, basic characteristic (capacity, efficiency) test, PSOC charge/discharge cycle test, and accelerated life cycle test were performed for 4 kinds of new storage batteries developed by NEDO. The whole characteristic test results satisfied specifications, and long-term cycle test is in promotion for all new storage batteries. 3 figs., 4 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
Out of the developments of high efficient boilers which have been continued since fiscal 1993, the paper reported the result of the development conducted in fiscal 1996. The oxygen combustion (the oxygen enrichment combustion including 100% oxygen combustion) decreases the amount of flue gas and reduces heat loss of the flue gas, and is also effective as NOx reduction measures. The experiment was conducted using testing furnace. The boiler efficiency rapidly increased with the increasing concentration of oxygen enrichment. In the pure oxygen combustion, the overall boiler efficiency of a 106% level (low heating value standard) is expected. Since the boiler wet flue gas is decreased, the NOx emission is reduced. The boiler can raise the combustion temperature with no fear of NOx and can be reduced in size. CO2 decreases in proportion to the energy saving effect. The development of a condensation flue gas heat exchanger is aimed at recovering heat down to the low temperature. Prediction of heat transfer in the steam condensation region becomes possible, and the size reduction can be expected. Dew point corrosion resistant materials were also selected. As to the high speed combustion control, a simple type using micro-processor was developed. Obtained were high speed, compactness, electric power saving, and high controllability. 14 refs., 306 figs., 88 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
This 5-year project beginning in FY 1994 is aimed at joint researches with various Asian countries for development of simply operable electronic designs and manufacturing support systems, which supports development of supporting industries (SI) for manufacturing industries in these countries. The project is being implemented in a total of 5 countries, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand, in cooperation with the research institutes with which NEDO has concluded the basic contracts. The following three working groups are established to study construction of the model systems and design these systems for promotion of the joint project in each country; (1) automobiles and their parts, (2) home electric/electronic appliances, and their parts, and (3) textiles and apparels. The FY 1995 project results are described. The working group (1) covers definitions of the business models and conditions for systematizing these models for the demonstration tests. The working group (2) covers development of the electronic catalogues, electronic yellow pages/preproto types, and concurrent engineering. The working group (3) covers the SGML sewing technique specification systems, surveys and utilization tests for network infrastructures, international EDI systems for the textile industry, and translation systems for technical terms of the textile industry. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
The paper reported the results of the FY 1998 R and D on human sense measurement application technology. Term I of this project is FY 1990-1994, when the interim evaluation was made. The project entered Term II of FY 1995-1998. In Term II, developments were made of the human sense measuring technology to make a 'measure' for health/safety and amenity/convenience which are important to human life, study of application examples for studying effectiveness by concretely applying this measuring technology to examples of products and working place/residential environment, evaluation simulation technology to qualitatively/objectively measure/evaluate amenity and adaptability in stead of humans, human sense database models which collected various human sense data obtained in measuring, etc. Through these technology development, the systematization of human sense indexes is attempted, and finally the following are conducted: development of measuring technology of kindness and evaluation equipment, environment/product design support, manual making for human sense measurement, construction of human sense database, etc. In FY 1998, the results of the measuring technology were mainly obtained. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
This project started in FY 1993 to survey the actual state of industrial use boilers. Based on the results of the survey, in fiscal 1995, 1996 and 1997, no improvement of the present technology which has limits, but the development was made of the oxygen combustion and element technology which are factors for heightening boiler performance with a new idea first in the world. In fiscal 1998, a target for the overall thermal efficiency of 105% was settled by testing a pilot plant where the element technology was integrated into the small once-through boiler, flue/smoke tube boiler, water tube boiler, etc. In fiscal 1999, the target of the overall thermal efficiency of boiler was reached by a pilot plant test to clarify combustion characteristics, heat transfer characteristics, environmental characteristics, etc. Further, effects of energy saving were increased by the adoption method of oxygen supply equipment. Concretely, an overall boiler efficiency of 105.73% exceeding the targeted value of 105% was achieved at a pilot plant of actual scale, by concentrating the results of each of the element technologies such as 'oxygen combustion,' 'condensation type flue gas heat exchanger,' 'high performance combustion control device,' and 'rapid rotating auxiliary machine.' (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1987-04-01
Summarized in detail herein are R and D results of the super high performance heat pumps and elementary equipment and working fluids, for R and D of the super heat pump energy accumulation system. For R and D of the super high performance compression heat pumps, the R and D efforts are directed to development of new working fluids, high-performance heat exchangers, closed motors and so on for the highly efficient type (for heating only); to researches on mixed coolants, high-efficiency screw compressors and so on for the highly efficient type (for cooling and heating); to development of tooth shape of the screw compression section, surveys on thermal stability of the working fluids for heating and so on for the high temperature type (utilizing low temperature heat source); and to R and D of the high-speed reciprocating compressors and steam superchargers for the high temperature type (utilizing high temperature heat source). For R and D of the elementary equipment and working fluids, researches are conducted on evaporators for mixed working fluids, condensers utilizing the EHD effect, stainless steel plate fin type heat exchangers, heat exchangers for the chemical heat accumulation unit, and so on. The R and D efforts are also directed to the working fluids (alcohol-based and nonalcohol-based). (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
The operation of a 1t/d PSU (process support unit) was studied for the NEDOL coal liquefaction process. In the modification of facilities, equipment and devices were procured for the product oil reforming facilities and their installation was partly accomplished. In the coal injection operation, a 60-day slurry operation was conducted, using coal types of the upper limit and lower limit qualities, for expanding the scope of coal types applicable to the NEDOL process and for exploring optimum conditions, and another operation of 37 days was conducted using Chinese coal and Chinese-prepared liquefaction catalysts, and the two operations were studied for difference in yields and in operationality. Characteristics of the liquefaction reactors were investigated and basic studies were made relative to the physical property of the yielded coal oil. In the operation for maintenance, the 1st liquefaction reactor was singly operated for an 8-day slurry operation, which was to check the progress of liquefaction in a 1-reactor setup. Concerning the reforming of the product oil, the hydrogenation reactors were checked for their response to temperature control. Moreover, hydrogenation solvents were produced for the PSU and for China. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-09-01
For the R and D of carbon-base high functional materials, the paper reported on (1) material creation technology and (2) creation of mechanically high functional materials. In (1), the synthesis of new BCN-base materials is conducted by the electronic excitation CVD method and high temperature/high pressure (explosive synthesis) with the aim of analyzing the composition/structure. Using energy-controlled ion beams and laser beams, the synthesis of new CN-base materials and analysis of composition/structure are aimed at. By the thermal CVD method using catalysts, a method to synthesize a quantity of nanotubes is aimed at. The paper is aimed at clarifying the reaction mechanism on the material conversion of carbonaceous materials relating to the above-mentioned three methods and the appearance mechanism of characteristics of carbonaceous materials. (2) is composed of the following three subjects: composition gradient film formation technology, complicated shape film formation/micro-processing technology, and large area film formation. These three subjects were studied to positively make use of characteristics such as low friction/low abrasion and high temperature corrosion resistance which can be expected in amorphous carbon, diamond and high functional carbon materials of carbon nitride and to apply them to moving parts of various industrial machines and surface protection of construction materials such as glass, etc. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
Various measures were implemented with the aim of realizing the 'longterm vision for international cooperation' in connection with hydrogen utilization international clean energy system technology (WE-NET) formulated in fiscal 1996. The English version of the 1998 annual summary report on results was distributed to approximately 170 pertinent organizations overseas. To develop understanding of the WE-NET project, presentations were given in numerous international conferences. In addition, as research cooperation in IEA (International Energy Agency), specialists were dispatched to the hydrogen implementation committee, the corresponding committee to hydrogen implementation agreement, and to each annex. In international exchange of technical information, each WE-NET task exchanged information with organizations abroad through overseas survey and conducted research on European hydrogen project, for example. With the purpose of developing understanding of WE-NET project activities, a preparatory work was done for participation in HYFORUM2000 (Germany) and World Hydrogen Energy Conference (Beijing) which will be held in 2000. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
The development was proceeded with of the surface reforming technology system in which plasma CVD technology and PSII (plasma source ion implantation) technology are connected. HPPC forms DLC (diamond like carbon) layers excellent in adhesion and ceramic layers on the surface of work pieces such as complicatedly shaped dies and tools/sliding parts. Element technologies are the raw material gas pulse introducing technology for efficiently introducing raw materials into the reaction container in a state of gas, high density plasma formation technology and pulse plasma formation technology, minus pulse voltage application technology for vertically implanting various ions on the surface of complicatedly shaped work pieces, and advanced hybrid control technology enabling the control of ion species/implantation amount/layer formation speed. In FY 2000, using the prototype of the HPPC system, studies were made of the development of the DLC layer process and the low temperature DLC layer process, and development and commercialization of technology to improve throwing power, etc. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
The operation of a 1t/d PSU (process support unit) was studied for the NEDOL coal liquefaction process. In the modification of facilities, detailed designs were prepared for product oil reforming facilities and some equipment and devices were procured. In addition, the 3rd liquefaction reactor cone section and the neutron attenuation-aided measuring device were refurbished. In the injection of coal, a 62-day and 23-day slurry injection operations were accomplished using Tanito Harum coal, when the impact imposed on the yield of the product, etc., by the change of liquefaction catalysts and by gas phase hydrogen concentration enriching conditions was investigated, and the unit was examined for operationality. During a 42-day operation for maintenance, the unit was operated using only the slurry heater for the investigation of the initial reaction in liquefaction, and studies were conducted about the heater exit temperature, G/L (gas-liquid ratio), and the effect to ensue from the use of a different solvent. In the effort to develop and evaluate new materials, implantation tests were conducted for metallic materials and the 3rd liquefaction reactor was subjected to a non-destructive inspection. Wastewater from the process was examined for quality, and environment-related measurements were performed for the atmosphere. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
This paper describes R and D of the ultimate manipulation technology of atoms and molecules (atom technology). The R and D aims at establishment of observation/manipulation technology of atoms and molecules as common basic technology in various industrial fields such as new material, electronics, bio-technology and chemistry. The R and D thus aims at establishment of observation/manipulation of solid surfaces and DNA organic molecules, formation of fine structures of atomic surface arrangement, and calculation/ simulation for predicting a reaction theorem of atom and molecule surfaces. In fiscal 1997, research was made on improvement and development of computer simulation environment, and description of an excited state of electrons by Green function. Establishment of a construction method and computation code is under investigation for pseudo- potential dependent on excitation energy. Survey was made on research trends of the atom technology by visiting overseas academic societies and institutions. International Symposium on Atom Technology was also held in Tokyo in Nov. 1997
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-06-01
The operation of a 1t/d PSU (process support unit) was studied for the NEDOL coal liquefaction process. For the modification of facilities, product oil reforming facilities were installed. In the coal injection operation, a 59-day slurry operation was carried out using Tanito Harum coal, which was for the evaluation of the reforming effect under the product reforming conditions, operationality, and liquefaction characteristics. A 37-day slurry operation was also performed using Chinese coal, which was intended to pursue improved cost performance and to collect the light oil fraction in the flow of reforming operation. In the operation for maintenance, investigations were conducted into conditions for hydrogenation in a 1-through operation involving the solvent hydrogenation process and the normal pressure distillation facilities and into the effect of pre-hydrogenation solvent properties, which aimed at grasping the effect of product oil reforming measures and their influence on operationality. In the survey of environments, the properties of wastewater from the liquefaction process using Tanito Harum coal were studied and toxicity evaluation tests were conducted for activated sludge. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
The development was proceeded with of new composite polymer electrolyte for Li secondary battery. The ultimate target of the development using this electrolyte is to get Li secondary battery markedly improved in safety/reliability which works at low temperature and controls thermal runaway. The composite polymer base electrolyte is composed of high molecular weight polyethylene oxide copolymer, ethylene oxide oligomer and Li salt, and it is finally cross-linked by heat or light. Studies were made in the following 6 fields: 1) R and D of the creation and optimization of new composite polymer electrolyte; 2) R and D of the commercialization of composite polymer electrolyte battery; 3) R and D on the safety of composite polymer electrolyte; 4) study of the synthesis of new electrolyte and catalytic activity of electrolyte-electrode interface; 5) R and D on polymer/oligomer composite electrolyte; and 6) comprehensive investigational research. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1983-03-01
This report covers surveys of the latest technological trends in relation to the production, storage, and transportation of hydrogen as energy. Also included in the report are surveys of hydrogen, fuel cells, and wind energy centering about Europe. At the 4th World Hydrogen Energy Conference (Pasadena, U.S., June 1982), a number of essays were presented concerning the utilization of hydrogen, production of hydrogen, thermochemical processes, hybrid processes, photochemical processes, photo/thermochemical processes, other processes, fuel cells, metallic hydrides, etc. This report particularly describes in detail the trends of technologies involving the production of hydrogen by the electrolysis of water and by thermochemical processes. As for the recent trend of the metallic hydride technology, reports are made on the International Symposium on the Properties and Applications of Metal Hydrides (Toba, Japan, June 1982) and on Japan's research on the application of metallic hydrides. Concerning the trends in Europe of technologies relative to hydrogen, fuel cells, and wind energy, the results of the research group's on-site investigations are reported. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Maya, T; Yamawaki, S [Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries, Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)
1994-05-01
For the turbine which is one of the principal elements of aircraft engine, progress in turbine use material development and cooling performance further heightened for the turbine are needed to grapple with the required heightening of turbine inlet temperature. In the present paper based on the turbine inlet temperature designed to be 1600[degree]C as a target, a two-dimensional model used for the turbine cooling performance test was structurally given together with the result of the above test which aimed at confirming the design calculation. As a result of cooling design for the turbine which was about 1600[degree]C in inlet temperature, the highest gas temperature was 1890 and 1470[degree]C on the stator blade and rotor blade, respectively. Both those blades were 0.66 and 0.62, respectively in cooling efficiency. To test the cooling performance, a two-dimensional cascade was tested with a doubly amplified model of cooling blade, the use of which could set its Reynolds number near that of the actual one. As compared with the actual operation, the test was made at low temperatures of 400 to 500[degree]C and low pressures of 0.02 to 0.03MPa. The test agreed with the design calculation in result. 4 refs., 8 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1975-03-01
In the use of hydrogen as fuel, there is the problem on NOx emission. The amount of NOx emission is not as much as in the use of coal or oil, but is more than in the use of natural gas or town gas. However, it can be said that hydrogen is an ideal fuel if considered that it does not emit other air pollutants such as CO, HC and soot/dust which are usually associated with hydrocarbon base gas fuels, and also that hydrogen forms a circulation system which is ecologically sound. The flame of hydrogen is non-luminous, but the flame temperature is high. The formation of NOx depends strongly upon the flame temperature, and therefore, in the design of hydrogen burner, it is necessary to well mix it with air and to avoid the production of the local high temperature region. Further, when using hydrogen to large boiler, the combustion technology to control NOx reduction is needed. About the hydrogen flame, the matter to be noticed is an experimental result that NOx reduction was observed by adding trace ammonia to hydrogen gas. If this method can be successful, NOx can be reduced with no increase in fuel consumption. It leads to hydrogen's reaching a position of clean energy. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
Development of nenroactive materials to improve neuronal defects is one of the most important subjects in Japan that will soon become a aging society. In this project, basic research for neuroactive molecule was performed to develop technology for neuronal regeneration, regulation of synaptic activity and interface between artificial surface and living neurons. A novel neurite promoting factor was discovered and its cDNA was cloned. Mutagenesis in vitro showed that a functional region of this factor located in a polypeptide of less than 50 aminoacids. Using neuronal culture, synapse formation was found to depend on two modes of activities and long-lasting synaptic potentiation was demonstrated to depend on a macromolecules released from pre- or postsynaptic neurons. To regulate nervous activities, photoactivated caged-peptide was developed and confirmed to change in affinity to its receptor. Neurons were cultured on substrates paterned by microlithography. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1995-03-01
Based on the concept of human life engineering database, a study was made to know how to technically make such a database fittable to the old people in the age-advancing society. It was then proposed that the old people`s human life engineering database should be prepared to serve for the development and design of life technology to be applied into the age-advancing society. An executive method of structuring the database was established through the `bathing` and `going out` selected as an action to be casestudied in the daily life of old people. As a result of the study, the proposal was made that the old people`s human body function database should be prepared as a R and D base for the life technology in the aged society. Based on the above proposal, a master plan was mapped out to structure this database with the concrete method studied for putting it into action. At the first investigation stage of the above study, documentation was made through utilizing the existing documentary database. Enterprises were also interviewed for the investigation. Pertaining to the function of old people, about 500 documents were extracted with many vague points not clarified yet. The investigation will restart in the next fiscal year. 4 refs., 38 figs., 30 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
The paper arranged a fiscal 1997 guiding study of highly functional carbon and related materials (HF-CRMs). In the material invention field, described were the composition by interatomic control technology and the characteristics of pure carbon nanotubes, carbynes, graphite, fullerene polymer, porous carbon, etc. Heteroelement substituted materials were also described. The paper also reported the application of HF-CRMs to the electric/chemical field, and arranged the basement technology and applicability of diamond in particular. The subjects are enhancement of composition technology and reduction of the price of processing technology. Especially, the control of impurities and defects is a must for the electric use. The application of HF-CRMs to the mechanical field was reported. Superlubricant, wear resistant and high temperature corrosion resistant materials were taken up, and were surveyed in terms of their use mostly to refuse incineration power generation boilers, and thermal power generation use turbines. In the development of mechanical materials, technologies were surveyed especially for large area/complex shape film formation to form films for various parts, functionally gradient film formation for relaxation of thermal stress and residual stress in the film, and high speed film formation for quantity production. 363 refs., 88 figs., 10 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sato, T. [Institute of the Space and Astronautical Science,Tokyo (Japan); Takagi, I. [Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd., Kobe (Japan); Kojima, T.; Kobayashi, H. [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan)
1998-12-05
Mixed-compression type axisymmetric air intakes for ATREX engine have been tested in the supersonic wind tunnel from Mach 0.5 to 4 since 1993. The throat area of the intake can be variable with a translating center spike to accomplish starting and off-design operation since the ATREX intake must work well over the wide flight Mach number up to 6. Here are presented effects of the intake design Mach number, the air bleed from a center spike and/or a cowl around the throat, an angle of attack and blunt nose of the spike on the intake performance characteristics, that is total pressure recovery and mass capture ratio. It is found that bleeding from the center spike and the cowl influences mainly on total pressure recovery and mass capture ratio respectively. The advantage of rounding properly off the spike nose is confirmed. Small center spike cone angle and/or blunt nose is sensitive to the angle of attack. (author)
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Study on fuel particle motion of a diesel spray; Diesel funmu ryushi no kyodo ni kansuru kenkyu
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ishikawa, N. [Isuzu Motors Ltd., Tokyo (Japan); Tsujimura, K.
1998-08-25
This study was performed to clarify the mechanism of mixture formation at peripheral area of diesel spray with PIV technique. Two dimensional cross-sectional photographs of diesel spray were taken with double pulse laser sheet. Local fuel spray particles were analyzed with an auto-correlation method and velocity vector and vorticity of the fuel spray particle were obtained. The vortex number increased and vorticity scale became smaller and its value grew higher with both smaller injection nozzle diameter and higher fuel injection velocity. With this injection condition, the mixing of fuel spray with ambient gas seems to be improved and the turbulence is expected to increase in the regions of higher vortex number, higher vorticity and smaller vorticity scale. Based on above results, the branch-like structure of diesel fuel spray was considered to be caused by vortices which formed in the shear layer between the spray and the ambient gas. 14 refs., 18 figs., 1 tab.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Nakao, F.; Nishima, S.
1998-05-31
Pathopoiesis factors of allergic diseases include immune antibody productivity sthenia reacting with antigens such as mite or the like in allergy reaction which is regarded as based on genetic fact (atopic diathesis), and environmental factors as external factors. The environmental factors are further classified into specific factors (antigens) and nonspecific factors. The former factors include the indoor factors such as mite, mould, animals bred indoor, etc., and outdoor factors such as pollen and so on. The latter factors include indoor factors such as passive smoking, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, formaldehyde, etc., and outdoor factors such as sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, airborne particles and so on. In this paper, the environmental factors in relation to allergic diseases expect mite are introduced. Besides mould, cockroach/insect, fur dust and dandruff of animals, adjustment of room temperature/humidity, smoking, indoor and outdoor air pollution are mentioned as the environmental factors expect mite, and the cause-effect relations thereof are explained. 24 refs., 3 figs., 7 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sasaki, Tatsuya; Akutsu, Yoshiaki; Arai, Mitsuru; Tamura, Masamitsu [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan). Department of Chemical System Engineering School of Engineering
1999-10-31
In order to clarify the thermal decomposition behavior of nitrobenzene derivatives, the influences of interaction between nitro group and other substituents on thermal decomposition of nitrobenzene derivatives have been studied using sealed cell DSC and PM3 MO calculations. As a result, the mixtures of nitrobenzene and mono substituted benzenes having substituents containing hydrogen such as {sup -}CH{sub 3}, {sup -}COOH, {sup -}NH{sub 2}, and {sup -}OH showed 30-100 degree C lower T{sub DSC} value than nitrobenzene. Mono-substituted nitrobenzene having substituents containing hydrogen also showed lower T{sub DSC} value. On the other hand, PM3 MO calculations of hydrogen-bonded complexes of nitrobenzene and mono substituted benzene show that the hydrogen bonding of a nitro group and hydrogen of substituents may make the N-O bond length longer to induce the thermal decomposition. From These results, it can be said that the thermal decomposition of nitrobenzene derivatives would be unstabilized by the hydrogen bonding of a nitro group and a substituent containing hydrogen. (author)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
The paper summarized activities for an investigational study on the international collaborative research project on the medical and welfare apparatus implemented in fiscal 1995. As investigation activities, the second meeting of information exchanges with E.U. and three north European countries was held following the meeting in fiscal 1994, and at the same time, information exchanges were made with organizations/institutions of industry/government/university in Germany, France and Canada. The study made it clear that Europe is also taking a direction of low-degree action diagnosis/care as Japan is. Further, concrete exchanges of information advanced and an awareness of the common issues was made clear such as the necessity of developing apparatus which meets the apparatus market and users` needs. As international collaborative activities, new methods of information exchanges were adopted such as the satellite meeting of the International MR Society, meetings with researchers who visited Japan. The satellite meeting of the International MR Society was favorably accepted by participants, and it was pointed out that it is important to continue the meeting in view of the materialization of themes, etc. 4 refs., 32 figs., 5 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Suzuki, A. [Geological Survey of Japan, Tsukuba (Japan); Kawabata, H. [Tohoku University, Sendai (Japan)
1998-07-01
A coral skeleton is sampled at Kenya`s Malindi National Marine Park situated west of the Seychelles, and it offers information about the Afro-Asian monsoon. An X-ray profile of the specimen discloses the seasonal variation in the density of the coral skeleton. The oxygen isotopic ratio, which is generally affected by the seawater oxygen isotopic ratio composition which is dependent on the surface layer water temperature and fresh water, is found dominated, in the coral skeleton, practically by the surface layer water temperature. Accordingly, the oxygen isotopic ratio represents the seasonal and annual variations in the surface layer water temperature. It is inferred that the emergence of Ba/Ca ratio peaks in December into January reflects the presence of Ba from rivers, and there are indications that the Somali current has transported water to the coral sampling area from the Galana River which is the greatest river in Kenya. Five of the Ba/Ca ratio peaks coincide with peaks in the UV fluorescent band, which is attributed to the presence of terrigenous organic matters. The ENSO and Asian monsoon phenomena are estimated on the basis of the findings described above. 11 refs., 6 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
For wide use of genome information in the industrial field, the required R and D was surveyed from the standpoints of biology and information science. To clarify the present state and issues of the international research on genome analysis, the genome map as well as sequence and function information are first surveyed. The current analysis/use technologies of genome information are analyzed, and the following are summarized: prediction and identification of gene regions in genome sequences, techniques for searching and selecting useful genes, and techniques for predicting the expression of gene functions and the gene-product structure and functions. It is recommended that R and D and data collection/interpretation necessary to clarify inter-gene interactions and information networks should be promoted by integrating Japanese advanced know-how and technologies. As examples of the impact of the research results on industry and society, the present state and future expected effect are summarized for medicines, diagnosis/analysis instruments, chemicals, foods, agriculture, fishery, animal husbandry, electronics, environment and information. 278 refs., 42 figs., 5 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1983-03-01
This report covers surveys of the latest technological trends in relation to the production, storage, and transportation of hydrogen as energy. Also included in the report are surveys of hydrogen, fuel cells, and wind energy centering about Europe. At the 4th World Hydrogen Energy Conference (Pasadena, U.S., June 1982), a number of essays were presented concerning the utilization of hydrogen, production of hydrogen, thermochemical processes, hybrid processes, photochemical processes, photo/thermochemical processes, other processes, fuel cells, metallic hydrides, etc. This report particularly describes in detail the trends of technologies involving the production of hydrogen by the electrolysis of water and by thermochemical processes. As for the recent trend of the metallic hydride technology, reports are made on the International Symposium on the Properties and Applications of Metal Hydrides (Toba, Japan, June 1982) and on Japan's research on the application of metallic hydrides. Concerning the trends in Europe of technologies relative to hydrogen, fuel cells, and wind energy, the results of the research group's on-site investigations are reported. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-02-10
Liquefaction is applied to various biomass wastes and unused biomass to study characteristics of the liquefaction in each case. The paper described the system of the conversion and use of biomass into energy, conducted the positioning of the liquefaction, and outlined a history of the liquefaction chemistry and the study. To obtain basic data of characteristics of the liquefaction of various biomass raw materials, the liquefaction was conducted changing operational factors for the purpose of clarifying the product distribution of oil and by-products and oil properties. A comprehensive consideration was made of the liquefaction based on basic data and literature reports on the liquefaction of various biomass. From the above-mentioned studies, it was concluded that the energy can be recovered in a form of oil by applying the liquefaction to various biomass materials. A series of the study clarified effects of various operational factors on characteristics of the liquefaction as well as effects of classification of biomass materials and composition of the materials on characteristics of the liquefaction. 141 refs., 78 figs., 56 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Matsuzawa, K.; Kimura, Y.; Ushiyama, I. [Ashikaga Institute of Technology, Tochigi (Japan); Nagai, H. [Nihon Univ., Chiba (Japan). Coll. of Industrial Technology
1998-09-01
In order to clarify problems involved in application of Weibull probability distribution used for estimation of power production by a large wind turbine to a small wind turbine, and solutions thereof, the estimated results are compared with the observed ones. The conventional estimation method, when applied to a small wind turbine, tends to overestimate production of power, because of overestimated production in a high wind velocity range which occurs less frequently. Estimation of power produced by a wind turbine is based on working wind velocity range, determined from the furling mechanism for the power generation characteristics of the wind turbine concerned. In the case of a small wind turbine, on the other hand, better estimates are obtained from the working wind velocity range in which Weibull wind velocity distribution is used to determine probability of occurrence. For wind turbines working at low to medium wind velocities, such as Savonius wind turbine, the estimates are in fairly good agreement with the observed results, by which is meant that the conventional estimation method aided by Weibull distribution can be directly applicable to small wind turbines. 4 refs., 3 figs., 3 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1982-03-01
This paper describes the achievements in development of brown coal based solvent extraction in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1981. Element researches were performed to complement and support the development of a liquefaction technology for brown coal produced in Victoria, Australia by using a 50-T/D pilot plant. For the primary hydrogenation technology, a manufacturing experiment was completed by means of nine cycles using a brown coal balancing solvent in a 0.1-t/day bench scale test. Distribution of the formed materials, the solvent properties, and the SRC properties have become nearly constant after 5 to 6 cycles. A test using a batch type device was performed to derive the relationship among dissolution parameters, SRC recovery rates, and deliming rates by using different solvents. For the secondary hydrogenation technology, SRC being the heavy fraction in a primary hydrogenation system (+420 degrees C) was hydrogenated by using an Ni{center_dot}Mo based catalyst at 360 degrees C and 250 kg/cm{sup 2}. A prospect was attained that the processing is possible by using a fixed bed reactor. A test using a small continuous dehydration testing device was carried out by using creosote oil as the solvent and by varying the evaporator operating conditions. Dehydration rate of 90 to 95% was obtained. Discussions were given on selecting catalysts for the secondary hydrogenation of the fixed bed method, and on factors of activity deterioration. A secondary hydrogenation test reactor of the suspended bed method was completed. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
This project aims at improvement of coal mining technology and productivity in Indonesia by Japanese production control technology and business management technology for underground coal mining, through interchange of coal engineers between Japan and Indonesia. This project is composed of the short- term and long-term dispatch project of engineers to Indonesia, and the training project of Indonesian engineers in Japan. In fiscal 1998, the short-term dispatch was made for the training in Indonesia on underground coal mine development (development planning, pit mouth selection, main gallery design, mining system selection, transport planning, ventilation planning, under-river mining, mine water proofing, drainage). The long-term dispatch was made for contact and negotiation with concerned Indonesian organizations, support of the training project, and collection of information on the trend of Indonesian economy and energy, and the present and trend of the coal industry for conducting smooth and effective engineer interchange. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
The project aims to evaluate the results so far achieved in 'The research and development of ITS (intelligent transportation system) by use of clean energy vehicles' and 'Research and development of ITS technology assisted mobility systems' and the development systems under which the efforts are exerted and to evaluate the possibility of their practical application and the spread of the effects brought about. Ex post facto evaluation is conducted of two types of test systems. The first type includes a rent-a-car for business use in the urban area, a rent-a-car for sightseeing, and a system which is an ITS provided electric car as a domestic second car in the residential district. The second type includes a shuttle bus park-and-ride system and a natural gas fueled physical distribution truck. The result is that the ITS provided electric car system is evaluated high by evaluation committee members. The score lowers in the order of the system for business use in the urban area, the system for sightseeing, and the second car system in the residential district. An electric car reduces its environmental impact when it uses a power generation system that utilizes renewable energy. It has become clear that high convenience will be achieved when a dispatching system is improved for a combination of a 'subminiature electric vehicle and ITS technology' as a method to satisfy the demand for commutation means in case the clientele is one or two people. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1987-03-30
The project aims to establish basic technologies for the mass culture of cells which will enable a large, stable supply of fine chemical products whose industrial production the conventional technique of synthesis has failed to realize. In the 1st phase, cell stains were selected, a serumless medium was developed, basic culturing conditions were established, and substances production rates were improved, and the 2nd phase stands succeeding these 1st phase achievements. Toward the ultimate goal of establishing basic technologies for serumless high-density cultures for industrial use and technologies for isolating and refining useful substances, a small-scale optimum culture technique and a serumless culture technique are developed. Serumless cultures are developed for strains of man's lymphoid cells, cells deriving from bone marrow, epithelial cells, and hybridomas of man and mouse, all these sampled during the 1st phase endeavors. Success is attained in growing each cell strain on a scale of 1-10L to increase to 10{sup 7} cells/ml or more in population density. It is found that each cell strain produces useful substances, such as man's monoclonal antibodies and elements involved in the multiplication or differentiation of new cells. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1990-03-01
Research and development have been performed on basic technologies common to different types of robots to carry out works in critical conditions. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1989. In the R and D of sensor technologies, a prototype tri-axial one-millimeter sensor array and a signal processing device were produced and evaluations were given. A prototype production and evaluations were made on a system that can recognize comprehensively the slip, hardness, and moment as the tri-axial tactile information. In the R and D of motive force technologies, discussions were given on improvement of sensitivity of the torque sensor in the actuator for force control. Design and prototype fabrication were carried out on a speed reducer integrated actuator having a torque sensor for the manipulator's elbow joint. In addition, a force controlled controller was fabricated on a trial basis, which compensates the non-linearity of the force controlled actuator by means of software control. In the R and D of the robot languages, an application program was prepared on a representative work related to movements of a critical work robot. Verification was also conducted on the reasonability of the grammar specifications. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1987-03-30
The project aims to establish basic technologies for the mass culture of cells which will enable a large, stable supply of fine chemical products whose industrial production the conventional technique of synthesis has failed to realize. In the 1st phase, cell stains were selected, a serumless medium was developed, basic culturing conditions were established, and substances production rates were improved, and the 2nd phase stands succeeding these 1st phase achievements. Toward the ultimate goal of establishing basic technologies for serumless high-density cultures for industrial use and technologies for isolating and refining useful substances, a small-scale optimum culture technique and a serumless culture technique are developed. Serumless cultures are developed for strains of man's lymphoid cells, cells deriving from bone marrow, epithelial cells, and hybridomas of man and mouse, all these sampled during the 1st phase endeavors. Success is attained in growing each cell strain on a scale of 1-10L to increase to 10{sup 7} cells/ml or more in population density. It is found that each cell strain produces useful substances, such as man's monoclonal antibodies and elements involved in the multiplication or differentiation of new cells. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-06-01
This project is aimed at establishment of the module basic technology and commercialization of the solid electrolyte fuel cell in the early stage by designing, construction, operation and performance evaluation of a several kW-class module which incorporates the cylindrical cell fabricated by the wet process. The FY 1999 R and D efforts include (1) cell performance demonstration study: the cylindrical single cell fabricated by the wet process is demonstration-tested to determine the initial performance and durability for continuous operation, thereby comparing the external reforming with internal reforming in output, with the internal reforming rate as the parameter, (2) development of a several kW-class module: the adequate cell arrangement structure within the module is studied by the computer-aided simulation, and the tests for confirming thermal cycle durability of the modified bundle are conducted using the module power generation unit and the several kW-class module is tested, and (3) development of the technology for designing a thermally supported module: the effects of, e.g., air and fuel supply conditions on the module performance are analyzed using the analytical model as the base. Expansion of the module level to the process simulation model has been completed, based on these results. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
For the purpose of contributing to developing countries' preserving biological resources in the tropical region, etc. and making the sustainable utilization of biological resources using biotechnology, etc. possible, research cooperation for strengthening the base of international research cooperation was given, and the FY 2000 results were outlined. In this fiscal year, visits were paid to research institutes in Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia for survey of the present situation. In Indonesia, conducted were the study of information system and culture collection, study of plant utilization technology, study of utilization technology of bacteria, etc., and improvement in personnel, facilities and maintenance management power of research cooperation institutes was confirmed. In Thailand and Malaysia, conducted were the study of information system and culture collection, study of rule making of the access profit distribution to genetic resource, and management of the biological resource sampled and study of the route to the industrial utilization. Taking advantage of this project, the contract for the genetic resource search for commercial purpose was agreed between a Japanese company and a Malaysian institute. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1977-03-01
This report covers part of the efforts to develop new hydrogen production technologies. Out of many processes involving Cu-halogen and alkali carbonate-iodine systems proposed as novel thermochemical processes, after they are compared with each other, a process of a sodium carbonate-iodine system with nickel in between is chosen. The chosen process is deemed to be the most excellent among the processes disclosed up to fiscal 1975. A feasibility study is conducted for the chosen process from the viewpoint of reaction rate, separation of reactive substances from each other, method for reaction manipulation, materials for device constitution, and thermal efficiency. As for the measurement of reaction rate for each unit reaction, basic reaction data are determined centering about the nickel iodide decomposition reaction and the sodium iodide carbonation reaction, and then reaction conditions which are roughly satisfying are obtained. A larger reaction unit is built in which the amounts of substances that come into reaction are approximately 10 times larger than those in the ones used in basic experiments. The progress of reactions is observed in the reaction unit, with the size enlarged in preparation for future construction of still larger reaction units. Methods for selectively isolating hydrogen out of gases ensuing from the decomposition are evaluated from the viewpoint of energy efficiency. In the selection of a reaction manipulation method, a single unit reaction process is advocated, and its thermal efficiency is estimated. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
This report summarizes the research results of the chapter 4 and 5 (experimental database) from the research report on development of the advanced industrial furnace. The chapter 4 summarizes functions of the temperature performance evaluation simulator of the advanced continuous heating furnace for the database system, and various research results obtained by the simulator. This chapter also summarizes the research result on the applicability of high-temperature air combustion to other industries, the patent research result on heat storage combustion technology, the basic technology research result, and the reaction analysis result by FLUENT. The chapter 5 summarizes the combustion experiment data collection by developing self-completion high-temperature high-radiation heating technology. As for R and D on technology optimizing the profile of heating furnaces, the following data are summarized: measurement data of heat transfer in furnaces and heat flux data at right overhead furnace temperature under cold air and preheated air combustion in conventional furnaces, and heat storage combustion. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2002-03-01
Research cooperation has been performed with an intention of establishing technologies to develop a design program for photovoltaic power generation systems suitable for the diverse natural and social conditions in China, the performance inspections and quality enhancement thereon. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 2001. For installing the photovoltaic power generation system, procurement, transportation and installation were carried out in Gansu Province for a 8.4 kW integrated system and in Qinghai Province for 10 kW and 12 kW integrated systems. Visits were made to the sites to confirm the operating conditions, and maintenance and management conditions of the systems having been installed to date. With regard to performance evaluation devices of the cells and modules, some pieces of the equipment were repaired and re-adjusted, and training for using them was executed. Eight persons have visited Japan from China and participated in the training in Japan for utilization and operation of the photovoltaic power generation systems for the persons involved in the system operation. In addition, in order to determine the future information exchange directions, workshops were held with PV experts and manufacturers participating from Japan to exchange items of information. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-05-01
This R and D program is aimed at optimization of superconductors for improved levitation force of the superconducting magnetic bearings which support a 10 MWh power storage system by high-temperature superconducting flywheel (FW), to clarify possibility of sizing up the FW body and R and D themes for the commercialization. The processes are screened to simultaneously solve the conflicting targets of sizing up the sample of the Y-based bulk superconducting material and improved crystal orientation of the whole bearing, leading to selection of multi-seeding. The sample made on a trial basis improves levitation force by approximately 30%. It is considered that the OCMG-processed rare-earth-based superconducting material can generate very strong electromagnetic force, when combined with a permanent magnet. The Ag-doped Sm-based bulk material shows a reduced creep-caused loss of loading force, and a lower loss of Jc resulting from increased temperature than the Y-based one, decreasing AC loss and controlling temperature rise. The running characteristics and mechanical strength of the FW, and causes for temporal changes are investigated, in order to evaluate the superconducting material characteristics. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)
1994-12-01
This paper reports the study results on development of integrated multifunctional peripheral equipment in fiscal 1994. (1) On development of inverters with no transformer, the following study results were obtained. Converter efficiency reached the target of 95.0% by using an improved general purpose IGBT as switching element of main circuit. Distortion factor of output current harmonics achieved 5% in total current distortion factor, and less than 3% in each order harmonic current one. In control of the DC part of output current, the target less than 0.3% was achieved by inserting a capacitor into detection signal circuit and by detection/correction control of current detector offset. Detection level of 100mA was achieved for DC grounding detection by installing a DC grounding detector in the DC input side of inverters. VCCI 1 level was also achieved for EMI measurement. (2) On development of integrated multifunctional peripheral equipment, evaluation test of the prototype equipment of 0.025m{sup 3} in volume and 17kg in mass was carried out. 3 figs., 1 tab.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1991-01-01
Research and development have been performed on basic technologies common to different types of robots to carry out works in critical conditions. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1990. In the R and D of tactile sensors, a prototype multi-element sensor array applicable to fingers of a robot hand was produced, and the characteristics test was conducted. In the R and D of motive force technologies, a force controlled actuator for wrist containing a torque sensor was designed and produced on a trial basis, whereas evaluations were given on the size and weight reduction and the force control performance. Regarding the actuator with redundant degree of freedom, a force controlled arm was attached with an actuator with three degrees of freedom to have performed an evaluation experiment. With regard to a small size and light weight controller, fabrication was carried out on a multi-function, high-density controller which adds positional control and peripheral interface functions to the force controlling function, and an evaluation was given. In the R and D of robot language, discussions were given on robot languages related to each system of movement, manipulation, and sensors, and the grammar specifications were prepared. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
A computer simulation-aided designing technology is completed to help develop synergy ceramics which are complicated in phase constitution and material structure. A program, which simulates sintering and particle growth for multiple solid-state and solid-state/liquid-phase systems, has been built assuming the form of an integrated micro/nano level simulation technology based on the Monte Carlo method. The new program applies to systems consisting of more than three different phases, and deals in a uniform way with the designing of various textures formable by transfer of matters in solid-state particle growth, Ostwalt ripening, solid-state sintering, liquid-phase sintering, and additive reaction. The Monte Carlo method-assisted program is applied to systems based on AlN, Si{sub 3}N{sub 4}, and Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}, and a good result is achieved in each case. The molecular dynamic method is mainly used in atom level simulation for application to ZrO{sub 2}-Y{sub 2}O{sub 3} and Si-C-N, and a good result is achieved in each case. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1991-03-01
Research and evaluation was performed with an objective of establishing the basic technology related to light-reactive materials that control the structures and status of aggregation of molecules by using actions of light, and can be used for ultra-high density recording, high resolution indication and light switches. In elucidating the basic characteristics of photochromic materials, a non-destructively readable recording system was proposed and demonstrated, highly durable and high-functional photochromic compounds were developed, and a number of material design guidelines were accumulated to realize characteristics required in light-beam recording. With regard to development of the photochromic materials, realization of photochromic thin films that can record wavelengths in multiplex manner has become more realistic. For elucidating basic characteristics of PHB materials, a method for evaluation from a number of directions including the time method for photon echo was established in addition to the conventional frequency recording characteristics. Regarding the elucidation of the PHB phenomenon, demonstration was carried out on intermediate zone structure control in diversified material systems including living organism substances, where a large number of findings were accumulated. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1992-03-01
Described herein are the FY 1991 results of the R and D project aimed at establishment of superprecision machining technologies for developing machining technologies and nano-technologies aided by excited beams. The researches on the superprecision machining technologies involve design and development, on a trial basis, of the totally static pressure type positioning device, for which automatically controlling drawing is adopted to improve its rigidity. The researches on the surface modification technologies aided by ion beams involve scanning the ion beams onto the metallic plate to be provided around the glass substrate. The results indicate that the secondary electrons generated can be used to control charge-up. In addition, part of a 30cm square glass substrate is modified by implantation of the spot type ions of high current density, and the modified portion is used to produce a thin-film silicon transistor. The researches on superhigh-technological machining standard measurement involve improvement of precision of the system aided by a dye laser, which attains a precision of 0 to 30nm in a 0.1m measurement range. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
In Chile, for the purpose of coping with problems on the ground subsidence and water shortage caused by pumping up the industrial use ground water, survey was conducted of the research cooperation in reutilization of the industrial waste water retreated for the food industry and the fiber industry. As a result, as a MOU plan, the establishment of the regenerative utilization technology was proposed of the treated water after the activated sludge treatment in food plants and after the Lagoon treatment in the fiber/dyeing industry. In Chile, relating to the harmless metal recovery technology to recover valuable metals such as copper, lead, zinc and silver included in the smoke/ash containing arsenic in copper smelting works at low cost by reducing environmental loads, conducted were survey for research cooperation and discussion on the making of a draft of the basic agreement. The project includes the high grade leaching separation, simplification/non-slagging of the lead/silver residue melting process, optimization of the copper separation/recovery method, fixation/weight-reduction of the leached arsenic, optimization of the zinc recovery method, optimization of the final waste water treating process, study of the design/construction/operation of the pilot plant, etc. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1985-03-30
The results of the first phase research and development project for developing composite materials as the basic technologies of the next generation are evaluated, and the directions of the R and D evaluation for the second phase are set up. The efforts in the first-phase R and D project are aimed at development of methods for measuring carbon fiber surface structure elements; confirmation of the relationship between adhesive shear strength and active surface area; development of methods for determining fracture toughness by standard specimens; estimation of allowable void fraction for inter-layer shear strength; defect detection and quality evaluation by electromagnetic, ultrasonic, laser holography and AE methods; development of methods for detecting resin setting reactions during the molding processes; and understanding deteriorated mechanical characteristics of the resin-based composites by environmental factors, among others. The objectives of the first-phase project have been almost achieved. It is decided that the second-phase R and D project are directed to investigations on the relationship between surface properties of the fibers in the composites and fiber/matrix adhesion; researches on mechanical characteristics involved in fracture of the structural elements; evaluation of mechanical properties of the metal-based composites and investigations on detecting their defects; elucidation of the effects of environmental factors on their strength; and development of the techniques for integrating detection of molding-induced cracking and that of setting reactivity, among others. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1982-03-01
In an a-Si{sub 1-x}Ge{sub x}:H film formed by decomposition in a glow discharge, since Ge-H is weaker than Si-H in terms of bonding, an increase in the amount of Ge decreases the amount of H and increases the number of Ge dangling bonds (DBs). Actually, however, H bonded to Si also decreases the number of DBs in Ge. This suggests that H is not working only to terminate DBs but that it also decreases the number of DBs through its structure-softening effect. In the case of a-Si{sub 1-x}C{sub x}:H, an increase in C results in an increase in H and in the number of DBs in both Si and C, this because C-H is stronger than Si-H in terms of bonding. F in a film is quite mobile. SiF and SiH in presence as distributed are found to decrease the number of DBs. Concerning the effect of hydrogen plasma processing for a-Si formed by thermolysis (CVD: chemical vapor deposition), the light transmission rate, absorption, ESR (electro-spin resonance) process time, and dependency on film thickness are investigated, and the relationship is examined between the defect-reducing effect of the H taken into the film and the transmission of light. It is found, as the result of experiments by a simplified molecular orbital method, that DBs stay in existence keeping away from where H or F is in presence. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1976-02-04
Described herein are results of evaluation of the developed excavators remotely controlled for highly deep submarine oil fields. The excavator system was designed to work at the target water depth of 200 to 250 m and excavation depth of 8,000 to 9,000 m, though not quite satisfactorily. There were several practical problems to be solved, e.g., those found in accuracy of reentry in the excavated section, cables connecting the driving equipment to the excavated section, and entangled hoses. The works were divided and system was configured in an attempt to secure all-weather type serviceability and to improve economic viability. The other major works included attempts to improve equipment functions and reduce manpower cost. Nevertheless, however, the construction cost was considered to be higher than expected, and no firm prospect was obtained whether the new excavator system was economically competitive with the conventional rig. The factors that pushed up the construction cost were various facilities needed by the new system with the separated excavation and driving sections, e.g., those facilities for helping the system land on the sea bottoms, material supply/storage facilities, and automated/unmanned facilities. The system failure and other items related to reliability are no clearly understood, making it difficult to compare it with the conventional rig in service factor. It was not adequate, therefore, to advance the next R and D phase as planned, and decided that the project was suspended to see the world development trends, because the clear plans for the future could not be drawn at that time. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
R and D was conducted on advanced recycling technology for aluminum and base metal/rare metal based materials, with fiscal 2000 results compiled. In the research of aluminum recycling technology, on a continuous fractional crystallization process and a purification by zinc removal process, the existing facilities for each demonstrated that they could simulate an aluminum scrap melting process capacity of 1,000 t/month, with a series of initial conditions determined. In the research of total system technology, combined test facilities were completed in which a purification process and a melt cleaning process were integrated. In the research of the recycling technology for base metal/rare metal based materials, a test was carried out by demonstrative facilities, with the aim of establishing copper regeneration technology in which high grade copper is produced using metal/resin based scraps such as shredder dust of automobiles as the materials. In structuring the total system technology, a preliminary survey and environmental load measures were carried out toward the practicability of a comprehensive copper metal collection recycling system. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1975-05-30
This report composed of 6 parts summarizes the fiscal 1974 Sunshine Project research result on the solar heat power generation system with a curved reflector light collection system. Part 1 outlines the research target, research result and research system. Part 2 describes each research item in detail. This part on system and hardware researches is composed of (1) study on 1,000kW system, (2) development of plane/parabolic reflector light collection equipment, (3) development of parabolic reflector light collection equipment, (4) development of selective transparent membrane and selective absorption surface, and (5) study on heat storage equipment and heat exchange equipment. Part 3 describes the future R and D plan for every year focusing the fiscal 1975 R and D plan. Part 4 describes various cooperative activities with other research groups such as various committees related to the Sunshine Project, universities and Electrotechnical Laboratory. Part 5 describes several patents produced during this R and D. Part 6 summarizes the results on this R and D. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1982-03-01
Described herein are the results of the FY 1981 research and development for composite materials, established by the R and D system for the basic technologies of the next generation. The R and D project for resin-based composite materials involves basic researches on the matrix resins, and surface modification of the reinforcing fibers. The investigations and basic tests are conducted for monolithic molding, other types of molding, and cutting and boring by, e.g., laser beams and water jet. The other related efforts include researches on analysis theories for optimization of strength and rigidity of the composite structures, and development of the optimization programs. For the R and D project for the metal-based composite materials, the efforts are directed to understanding wettability and reactivity of the reinforcing fibers with metals, and development of the techniques for producing various types of preforms and compositing methods. The basic researches are conducted for hot pressing/rolling molding, extrusion/withdrawal, powder molding and melt molding of the composite materials with aluminum alloys as the matrices. The other R and D items include investigations on methods for evaluating qualities for the steps form the stock preparation to production of the final products. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1975-05-29
This report summarizes the fiscal 1974 research result on the solar heat power generation system with a tower light collection system. This system receives solar radiation energy by reflector group, and concentrates solar energy reflected by each reflector on the heat absorber mounted on the top of the tower. A ratio of the whole reflector group area to the receiving area of the heat absorber is called a concentration factor. The heat absorber converts concentrated dense radiation energy to thermal energy, and transfers heated thermal medium to the bottom of the tower to supply solar heat to a thermal plant after appropriate treatment. Based on the above basic idea, study was made on the total system and each subsystem, and some problems on component equipment and materials were extracted. After solving these problems and improving the whole system accuracy, these results are put to practical use for design and operation of an actual pilot plant. The main research items are as follows: feasibility study, simulation, element study, preparation of a 10kWT test equipment, and planning of a 1,000kW class pilot plant. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
This research and development has been performed on the following themes: 1. Material realizing technology, and advanced evaluation and design technology (1-(1) ultra precision materials, 1-(2) high-temperature energy materials, 1-(3) basic member design technology, 1-(4) materials having function to detect stresses and micro destruction, 1-(5) porous materials to control gas hole patterns, and 1-(6) materials having self-restoring/self-lubricating function); 2. Application technology (2-(1) materials having substance and light selecting function, 2-(2) high wear resistant and easy-to-process materials, 2-(3) high-performance resistance materials for electric power devices, and 2-(4) flexible sliding materials); 3. Formation of common base technologies. 4. Report on achievements in countries making joint researches. In Item 1-(1), micro destruction mechanisms were analyzed, and the directionality of material structure control was clarified. In Item 1-(2), controlled closing holes were introduced. In Item 1-(3), polycrystalline alumina, polycrystalline zirconia, and zirconia particle dispersed alumina were evaluated microscopically and macroscopically. In Item (4), Y-TZP/Ni nano-compound materials were fabricated successfully. In Item 1-(5), destruction behavior of porous ceramics was studied. In Item 1-(6), characteristics were investigated on Fe(Al)Al2O3 which was fabricated on the trial basis. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1975-05-30
This research includes (1) basic study on Si ribbon crystal vertical pulling method, (2) basic design of continuous Si ribbon crystal vertical pulling mechanism, (3) basic study on vertically pulled Si ribbon crystal, (4) study on capillary materials for capillary crystal pulling method, and (5) basic study on AlAs-GaAs system compound semiconductors. In the 1st research, for Si ribbon crystal vertical pulling growth, the ribbon crystal pulling equipment was prepared and modified, and Si crystals were obtained by capillary and web methods. In the 2nd research, for development of Si ribbon crystal vertical pulling growth technology, study was made on the simple energy-saving resource-saving continuous automatic production process. In the 3rd research, measurement was made on various characteristics of ribbon crystals. In the 4th research, study was made on requirements of capillary materials from the viewpoint of capillary growth mechanism. In the 5th research, basic technology for solar cell production was established through growth experiments of AlAs-GaAs mixed crystals and multiple epitaxial crystal layers. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1985-03-30
The first term has performed research and development placing emphasis on that 'the basic study on membrane separation is to be performed systematically to elucidate governing factors in membrane separation'. With respect to water/ethanol separation by using the penetration gasifying method, it was indicated that excellent separation performance can be exhibited by using natural polymers having sugar chain skeleton as a raw material, and by controlling the membrane structure by means of membrane manufacturing methods. For enhancement of performance in water selective permeation type separation membrane, it was shown experimentally that it is important to select a membrane suitable for the object of separation and a separation method that uses the selected membrane. Regarding the water/ethanol separation, it was shown theoretically that the penetration gasifying method can save more energy than the conventional distillation method, where the development target was presented. It was recognized that impregnation type liquid membrane using crown ether can separate amino acid optical isomers. High separation performance was obtained in carbon monoxide/nitrogen separation by using fluid carrier that uses cuprous iodine/1-methyl imidazole. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1980-03-01
This paper describes achievements in fiscal 1979 in research on aqueous alkaline solution electrolyte fuel cells. Trial fabrication and tests for an oxygen electrode were performed on a catalytic electrode added with silver using carbonblack and graphites as carriers having excellent corrosion resistance and large surface area. Characteristics not inferior to electrodes using activated carbon as a carrier were obtained in both of the initial characteristics and continuous discharge characteristics. A platinum added electrode also showed the same performance as the silver added electrode. A hydrogen electrode containing Zr and iron among those containing Raney-Ni was found to have high oxidation resistance and stability in terms of life. A platinum added electrode using graphite as a carrier provided satisfactory initial characteristics as a hydrogen electrode. Research on a single cell construction has used and tested eight-cell laminated cells with an area of 1,000 cm{sup 2} using bipolar sheets made of carbon. The test verified appropriate the removal of produced water and heat using mainly the hydrogen circulation, which has been discussed in the summary design. The paper describes heat cycles, for which tests of ten and odds times in total were performed to have demonstrated that they are free of any anomaly. Furthermore, a manifold was attached as a means to improve the volume efficiency. Its function was also tested. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
In the research cooperation promotion projects having been carried out, the R and D of an overall recovery system have been conducted which recovers effectively and systematically valuable resources such as magnesium, bromine and boron including in brine made after the salt manufacturing in the coastal region in Mexico. In this project, as the research on the distilling process needed for commercialization of the system to recover valuable resources from the brine, Japan has been collecting information on various distilling processes and solar pond systems and studying a distilling process appropriate to the site jointly with Mexico. As a result, a seawater desalination process which combined the solar pond using solar energy and the evaporation method was recommended as a low-priced distilling method. Moreover, it was indicated that the solar still method for condensing/recovering the evaporated water of the Guerrero Negro salt pan is also less influential in the salt manufacturing process and is viable as a most economical distilling process by studying the structural design and operational method of more efficient solar stills
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1985-03-01
As for the formation of amorphous semiconductors by photo-CVD (chemical vapor deposition) processes, details are examined of a-Si formed by the excimer laser-excited photo-CVD process, a-SiC formed by the directly excited photo-CVD process, a-SiGe formed by the mercury sensitized reaction photo-CVD process, and {mu}c-Si formed by the mercury-sensitized reaction photo-CVD process. It is then found that all of the said materials are superior to a product of the plasma CVD process in terms of film quality. As for the fabrication of amorphous Si solar cells by a photo-CVD process, a 3-separate-chamber unit is built, in which all the p-, I-, and n-layer are formed by photo-CVD. It is then found that the introduction of a buffer layer into the p/I interface is a powerful tool to enhance efficiency and that the use of the buffer zone brings about an increase of 9% or more in conversion efficiency. In the case of an amorphous solar cell using monosilane, buffer layer introduction results in a conversion efficiency of 9.05%. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Cooperative studies are conducted for the improvement of technologies for preventing air pollution caused by SOx, NOx, volatile organic compounds, etc., discharged into the air by mills and factories. For the measurement of air pollution, instruments capable of automatic and uninterrupted measurement of SOx, NOx, and suspended particle matters are installed at Map Ta Phut Industrial Estate, and measurement is carried out. Volatile organic compounds are measured and analyzed along the borderline enclosing the estate. The amounts of SOx and NOx emitted by automobiles, ships, etc., are calculated. An air pollutant diffusion simulating model is built, into which data about pollution sources and weather are inputted for the calculation of SOx and NOx concentration levels at the industrial estate as is. Technologies are transferred to Thai researchers and engineers, which involve the use of instruments for the measurement of pollution levels in the environment and for the observation of weather conditions, the techniques of sampling and analysis, the construction of atmosphere simulating models, and the analysis and evaluation of the existing air pollution. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
This 5-year project beginning in FY 1994 is aimed at joint researches with various Asian countries for development of simply operable electronic designs and manufacturing support systems, which supports development of supporting industries (SI) for manufacturing industries in these countries. The project is being implemented in a total of 5 countries, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand, in cooperation with the research institutes with which NEDO has concluded the basic contracts. The following three working groups are established to study construction of the model systems and design these systems for promotion of the joint project in each country; (1) automobiles and their parts, (2) home electric/electronic appliances, and their parts, and (3) textiles and apparels. The FY 1995 project results are described. The working group (1) covers definitions of the business models and conditions for systematizing these models for the demonstration tests. The working group (2) covers development of the electronic catalogues, electronic yellow pages/preproto types, and concurrent engineering. The working group (3) covers the SGML sewing technique specification systems, surveys and utilization tests for network infrastructures, international EDI systems for the textile industry, and translation systems for technical terms of the textile industry. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
This research and development has been performed on the following themes: (1) high-temperature energy materials, (2) high-function active materials, (3) fundamental member material design technologies, (4) materials to activate specific environmental gases, (5) energy materials having high resistance to silicon groups, (6) porous multi-layer ceramic materials, (7) micro and macro applied analytic technologies, and (8) microscopically destructive analysis technologies. In Item 1, investigations were performed on the relationship of micro columnar particle structure of porous silicon nitride bodies with strength and destruction energy to identify the mechanism for manifestation of these characteristics. In Item 2, catalyst and electrode materials having the selectively separating and cleaning functions were developed, and materials to convert oxides thermo-electrically having high characteristics were discussed. In Item 3, polycrystalline alumina, polycrystalline zirconia, and zirconia particle dispersed alumina were fabricated on the trial basis to give them microscopic and macroscopic evaluations. In Item 4, crystalline hexa-aluminates in single phase were synthesized successfully. In Item 5, a synthesizing experiment was carried out on Ca-{alpha} sialon powder to evaluate and analyze the configuration phase of the product and the particle patterns. In Item 7, the homogenizing method was used to develop a three-dimensional program to analyze the correlation between the microscopic non-homogeneous structure and the macroscopic properties of synergy ceramics. In Item 8, the basic dimensions of porous alumina bodies were discussed based on energy density. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-03-01
A joint research has been carried out in the Republic of Kazakhstan on a technology to extract and recover efficiently the valuable metals (copper, gold, silver and others) contained in ore wastes in large quantity, with considerations given to the environment. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 2000 being the last fiscal year. This joint research has performed researches on the processing technology and processes, and on the operation research by using a pilot plant, using low-grade ores in the Nikolayevska Mine and ore wastes from the Zhezkent Mineral Dressing Mill as the objects. As a result of the researches, the following matters were discovered: if the ore wastes are used as the starting materials in the copper recovering process using the chemical leaching process, the copper price of $1,800 per ton is the breakeven point; economic effect is enhanced by grinding the starting materials into finer particles, adding a zinc recovery process, and recovering gold by using cyanogens; and this pilot plant is pollution free, and easy in maintenance and control. These processes were concluded effective in reducing the efficient waste ore processing and environmental cost being the environmental problem in Kazakhstan. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1979-03-01
This paper describes the surveys in fiscal 1978 on the status of progress in research and development in the Sunshine Project. Identification, evaluation and analysis were given on the status of progress in research and development and developed technologies in each project. Items of information were provided to related organizations for the purpose of mutual information exchange. The subjects include solar heat power generation, solar beam power generation, solar energy air conditioning, hot water supply systems, geothermal applications, and coals. Project teams were organized to discuss more precise identification of the current status of research and development, and increase in efficiency of the research activities. Since the Sunshine Project (which had begun in 1974) is coming close to completing the interim programs in the first term in fiscal 1980, it is thought necessary to provide assistance such as provision of items of information both for each group and on the collective basis. The basic issues at the end of the first term include presentation of the second term conception to the persons responsible of the program management, clarification of the evaluation criteria, strengthening of horizontal communication and adjustment functions in general, and feeding back of the surveys on the status of progress. Putting the basic problems in individual projects into order indicates necessity of discussion on the voucher control system, procedures of disposing of facilities after the related researches have been completed, issues of creating initial market, and expansion of technological discussions. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-09-01
Research and development has been performed on a general purpose parallel processing software that can be utilized for value solving methods, such as the finite element method, finite volume method and finite difference method. The achievements of the research and development may be summarized as follows: this parallel platform is parallelized in the concept of the domain division method for the elements (calculation cells), and is applicable to any of the finite element method, finite volume method and finite difference method; a researcher who has developed a program can easily perform the parallelization work to have the parallelizing performance displayed; the platform can be utilized in agreement with several parallel levels that are required by the user; with regard to the parallelization efficiency in large-size problems, it has become possible to execute at an efficiency of higher than 70% for the solver parts by using 32 processors of SR8000 at the computation center of the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology; the rigidity matrix preparing part shows an efficiency close to 100%W; and the developed parallel platform is under continued evaluation at the Machine Technology Research Institute and the Material Engineering Research Institute. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1977-03-31
This report describes the fiscal 1976 research result on Si ribbon crystal vertical pulling method for photovoltaic power generation systems. The equipment for simultaneous growth of 3 ribbon crystals was designed and prepared in consideration of capillary die arrangement, vertical pulling method and control method of temperature profiles on the die surface. The temperature profiles on the die surface were controlled by subheaters for 3 parts of each capillary die which were divided longitudinally. Ribbon crystals grew up to 5mm simultaneously through both end dies. By cooling a part of crystal, fast pulling is probably possible. Study was made on the correlation between various crystal defects of Si ribbon crystals and cell characteristics, and in particular, basic characteristics of SiC deposited particles by SEM observation to reduce their impacts. Possibility of simultaneous vertical pulling of crystals was verified by using a capillary carbon die for multi-pulling. Although crystals grew by eutectic reaction under saturated dissolution of carbon, crystals with no transition were obtained. An SiC-coated die was excellent rather than carbon one. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1976-05-10
This report summarizes the fiscal 1975 research results, and proposes the policy toward the future as follows. (1) Computational prediction on the future trend of hydrogen energy is active in the U.S.A. (2) For application of hydrogen derived from coal to transport, chemical synthesis of methane, methanol and gasoline from such hydrogen is in proposal because of difficult transport of LH{sub 2} or MH{sub 2}. (3) Complete run of Musashi Institute of Technology's LH{sub 2} passenger car in a long-distance rally, and trial run of Billings' MH{sub 2} minibus as challenge to practical use indicated new data, features and problems for hydrogen vehicles through experiences. (4) Conversion from a conventional soft-oriented attitude to a hard-oriented one is thus necessary. (5) Preparation of LH{sub 2} production facility is also necessary. (6) Stabilization of atomic hydrogen, expected various hydrides, and an H{sub 2}-O{sub 2}-water engine as new ideas are stimulating many researchers. (7) Study on gasoline cracking methods such as JPL is active. (8) Doubled cost of gasoline will probably promote practical use of hydrogen vehicles. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
This report describes Japan's joint researches with China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand under the above-named project (MATIC) which were carried out in fiscal 1997. Scientists are invited to Japan from the above-named countries, to whom Japan's status of researches is explained and with whom discussion is conducted about progress in general and system development in those countries, and about verification tests. Japanese scientists visit research institutes of those countries so as to appraise the progress of researches and technological levels and to install computers for verification tests. Scientists visiting this country upon Japan's invitation and workshop held in Japan are enumerated below. Accepted by Working Group I (automobile and parts) are scientists from Indonesia and China and workshops from two countries; accepted by Working Group II (electrical home appliance) are scientists from Malaysia and workshops from five countries and then from four countries; and accepted by Working Group III (fiber and apparel) are scientists from China. Visits are made by the Working Groups to Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and China. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1988-03-01
This study is intended to establish a basic technology for innovative high-efficiency separation membrane materials that can be used in areas in which application of membrane separation has been impossible. The water/ethanol separation membrane (for water selective permeation) and water/acetic acid separation membrane (for water selective permeation) achieved separation coefficient and permeation velocity of the world's highest level. The water/ethanol separation membrane (for ethanol selective permeation), although its separation coefficient is lower than the world's highest performance, has high permeation velocity, providing the performance of the worldwide level as seen from the comprehensive viewpoint. The carbon monoxide/nitrogen separation membrane achieved separation coefficient and permeation velocity of the world's highest level. The oxygen/nitrogen separation membrane requires further enhancement in the permeation velocity and stability. Establishment has been performed on separation technologies for membrane separation of non-water soluble aqueous solutions, optical division by using chiral crown ether, high-performance liquid separation by means of plasma surface treatment, and particle separation. Basic analysis has been advanced also on evaluation technologies for gaseous body separation membrane and liquid separation membrane, of which future progress is expected. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1976-03-01
In fiscal 1974, the domestic and overseas developmental states of fuel cell bodies were surveyed, and some problems on the interconnection between a fuel cell system and power system were studied. Since the maximum outputs of conventional fuel cells are only nearly 10kW, however, those from several hundreds kW to several ten thousands kW are required for buildings or commercial power facilities, in the fiscal 1975, some supposed problems derived from such scale- up of fuel cells were extracted to study their solutions. Study was made on 4 kinds of fuel cells such as alkaline electrolyte, acidic electrolyte, molten salt electrolyte and solid electrolyte fuel cells, and fuel modifier for generating hydrogen. As preliminary modeling work for dynamic performance analysis of fuel cell systems, study was made on scale of the model, DC devices and equipment for customers, environmental impact, power supply reliability, various characteristics and problems in load variation including start and stop, and kinds of accidents and their measures. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1989-05-01
The present research work has been performing research and development of the following alloys: (1) 'single crystalline alloy' , the entire alloy being composed of one crystal eliminating crystalline boundaries as an ultra heat resistant alloy with emphasis placed on improvement in particularly the creep properties, and 'particle dispersion strengthened alloy', in which ultrafine particles of oxides are dispersed uniformly; and (2) 'ultra heat resistant and tough alloy' targeted at high-temperature toughness by using Ni-group allowing ultra plasticity forging processing by micronizing crystal particles, as an ultra plastic and highly tough alloy having better processibility than conventional alloys, and 'light-weight highly tough alloy' aimed at achieving light weight and high toughness by using Ti-group. Achievements derived from the present research and development may be summarized as follows: in alloy development, alloys having performance of the world's highest level or equivalent have been developed; a manufacturing technology to make products with complex shapes has been established by using the alloy material manufacturing technology and the alloy materials developed therefrom, where prototype components of such shapes as turbine blades and turbine disks for jet engines were fabricated successfully; and the big fruit obtained was that a large number of technological experiences were acquired from this research and development. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1977-05-27
This report describes the fiscal 1976 research result on tower solar collection system for solar heat power generation systems, and summarizes main specifications of the subsystem, equipment and control of the 1,000kW pilot plant. Based on daily and monthly long-time simulation, various programs were prepared for power generation, heat storage and operation rate of equipment, and real arrangements for total simulation were made. The output fluctuation rate less than 1%/min was obtained by studying a control system flexible for drastic fluctuation of solar radiation using the newly prepared dynamic characteristic equation for a steam loop. 10kW solar collection test was carried out using a pancake type heat absorber. Practical basic analysis was made on a heliostat driving system. A cavity type heat absorber was adopted in consideration of cost, operability and heat discharge. Based on thermal characteristics of a heat storage type heat exchanger using molten salt as heat medium, basic experiment was made on a compact latent heat type heat exchanger. Basic studies were also made on reflector, selective absorption surface and heat storage material. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
Reported herein are the joint research results of the project (manufacturing technology supported by advanced and integrated information system through international cooperation (MATIC)), implemented in China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand by Center of International Cooperation for Computerization, commissioned by NEDO. Japan invited researchers from each country to explain the research themes, and discussed construction of the systems in each country. Japanese experts visited the research institutes and cooperative works in these countries, to discuss the research cooperation themes, and survey the conditions and technical levels of these research institutes, and information infrastructures. The oversea researchers were invited to Japan for the MATIC international seminar, discussions for research cooperation themes, and MATIC cooperation promotion committee. Textile and apparel researchers were also invited from China. Japanese experts visited China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand for the on-the-spot surveys for each working group. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1976-04-15
The whole amount of hydrogen consumption for chemical industries all over the world is estimated to be 249.7 billion Nm{sup 3} in 1974, while 367.2 billion Nm{sup 3} in 1980 roughly under a bold assumption, based on 3 current big consumption fields of ammonia production, methanol production and petroleum refining, and some promising fields in the future such as reduced iron and synthetic protein. Consumption ratios for every field are probably 54.9% in ammonia production, 30% in petroleum refining, 9.5% in methanol production and 5.6% in others in 1974, and nearly similar in 1980. However, although there are various troubles, if a large amount of methanol is used as fuel in the future, and its production plan is promoted to satisfy the demand of methanol fuel, hydrogen consumption for methanol production will increase drastically. In the future, if the production process of hydrogen as secondary fuel is established, such hydrogen also will be used for various chemical industries naturally. Research was thus made on use of oxygen as byproduct inevitably. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1976-05-10
This report summarizes the fiscal 1975 research results, and proposes the policy toward the future as follows. (1) Computational prediction on the future trend of hydrogen energy is active in the U.S.A. (2) For application of hydrogen derived from coal to transport, chemical synthesis of methane, methanol and gasoline from such hydrogen is in proposal because of difficult transport of LH{sub 2} or MH{sub 2}. (3) Complete run of Musashi Institute of Technology's LH{sub 2} passenger car in a long-distance rally, and trial run of Billings' MH{sub 2} minibus as challenge to practical use indicated new data, features and problems for hydrogen vehicles through experiences. (4) Conversion from a conventional soft-oriented attitude to a hard-oriented one is thus necessary. (5) Preparation of LH{sub 2} production facility is also necessary. (6) Stabilization of atomic hydrogen, expected various hydrides, and an H{sub 2}-O{sub 2}-water engine as new ideas are stimulating many researchers. (7) Study on gasoline cracking methods such as JPL is active. (8) Doubled cost of gasoline will probably promote practical use of hydrogen vehicles. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1989-05-01
A proposal was given on a new processing process to use Ni-group super alloy, and elucidation was given on super plasticity phenomenon by using non-destructive tests. The Ni-group super heat-resistant alloy Mod. IN-100 subjected to different preforms by means of extrusion was given a super plasticity test at 1,050 degrees C to derive total elongation and 'm' value. As a result, it was disclosed that a material annealed for one hour at 1,070 degrees C after extrusion of 70% at 1,100 degrees C possesses the maximum 'm' value in the vicinity of 2.0 times 10{sup -2}s{sup -1}. The largest key to the new processing method is to improve the nature of the material, in which the plasticity manifestation velocity is accelerated by ten times to the order of 10{sup -2}s{sup -1} as described above. In addition, forging of IN-100 was made possible by using the ordinary forging equipment with the use of two-fold measures. The measures consist of maintaining temperature of IN-100 during casting by heating the die material to about 600 degrees C, rather than keeping it at a constant temperature, and then packing IN-100 in S35C steel material to accommodate the temperature decrease during casting inside the S35C pack. Thus, a processing method was made practical, eliminating need of the forging process to compress and solidify powder itself, that is the extrusion process. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1985-03-30
The results of the first phase research and development project for developing highly functional, crystal-controlled alloys as the basic technologies of the next generation are evaluated. The R and D themes are selected to develop alloys superhighly resistant to heat, heat-resistant/high-rigidity and light/high-rigidity by controlling their crystals. Development of the basic techniques for these materials is of high significance, and highly rated. The efforts in the first-phase R and D project are aimed at designs of a total of 12 types of single-crystal alloys by the computer-aided alloy designing techniques, production of these alloys on a trial basis, and evaluation of their characteristics, for the alloys superhighly resistant to heat. Two of them are confirmed to be superior to the others, and selected as the alloys to be developed. This project has also established the single-crystal casting techniques, which allow crystal orientation almost completely. Various types of heat-resistant/high-rigidity and light/high-rigidity alloys are designed, produced on a trial basis, and evaluated for their characteristics. As a result, one alloy type is selected for each category. The other techniques developed by this project include those for adjusting powders for light/high-rigidity alloys whose average grain sizes are controlled and impurity contents are reduced. Bright prospects have been obtained for the techniques for superplastically forging the disk shapes. These efforts have almost achieved the development objectives of the first-phase R and D project. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1981-03-01
This paper describes the achievements in fiscal 1980 in the Sunshine Project on developing aqueous alkaline solution electrolyte fuel cells. The oxygen electrode is a silver catalyst electrode using as carriers carbon lack and graphite powders having good corrosion resistance. A continuous discharge test was performed on the electrode for 3,000 hours. Furnace black having large surface area and naturally colloidal graphite showed stable performance. The hydrogen electrode, which is a catalyst electrode made of Raney-Ni containing third elements was given a 3000-hour continuous discharge test, where Zr addition presented stable performance. Activated carbon was found a good carrier in platinum added electrodes. For electrodes operating under high pressure gases, electrodes attached with sintered nickel film are suitable. With regard to prototype cells, laminated cells with high volume efficiency structured mainly with gasket seals were designed and fabricated. The IV characteristics measurement and continuous discharge test thereon revealed no functional problems. Furthermore, cells having electrode area of 100 cm{sup 2} and using bipolar sheets made of carbon were verified capable of withstanding 2000-hour continuous discharge. A non-conductive resin mold was proposed to prevent electrolytic corrosion of the carbon sheets. Discussions were given also on corrosion resistance of bonding agents. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
This paper reports the achievements in fiscal 1995 in the research and development project for an electronics design and production aid system of simple operation type (MATIC). The project is intended to support works of Asian countries on the information society, and enhance levels of the manufacturing industries and supportive industries by utilizing the information technologies. The working group (WG)I, related to automobiles and components thereof, improved functions of the primary system and continued demonstration tests. The group launched for the secondary system a system development that makes timely information transmission and receipt possible among research and development enterprises, local assembly enterprises and facility and parts suppliers. The WGII (household appliances and their parts) designed and developed an electronic catalog system based on pre-prototypes developed independently by different countries, and performed demonstration tests. The WGIII (textiles and apparels) carried out with China demonstration tests on the international EDI system, translation system and CAD/CAM system. It also developed a sewing technology standards system. It installed equipment and devices in Indonesia for preparation of the demonstration tests. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1977-03-01
As a part of Sunshine Project, study was made on the solar heat power generation system using a solar collection system composed of plane and curved reflectors. In fiscal 1976, study was made on plant characteristics and plant operation by using system simulation program, and the concept design of the system was promoted. The reflectance of the plane reflector was improved up to 0.92 by remodeling the prototype collector fabricated in last fiscal year, and the prototype test facility of full-scale reflectors for 1,000kW solar power plant was prepared to obtain design data for large reflectors. The prototype heat collection loop control equipment which was prepared to simulate control of plant operation conditions according to solar radiation fluctuation, succeeded in prediction of solar radiation fluctuation within nearly 30min. New study was also made on a system using both accumulator and molten salt heat storage equipment, and each proper capacity for power plants was determined. In addition, high-temperature vapor generation for 2 hours was achieved by the prototype heat storage equipment using KCl-LiCl molten salt. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
As a part of the New Sunshine Project, 'an R and D project on superconductor power application technology,' an examinational study was made as a mini project to clarify the developmental course for commercialization of superconductor technology. The superconductor technology is being watched with interest as a technology in the 21st century. In the application to the electric power/energy field, in particular, expected are the energy saving effect by high operation efficiency, excellent environmentality, developmental potentiality of new equipment/system by the application of ferromagnetism, etc. Accordingly, the paper analytically arranged the needs of superconductor devices in Japan and abroad and the technology seeds corresponding to the needs, and prepared the developmental subjects of superconductor technology. These developmental steps and the mutual relationship were expressed in an R and D framework. At the same time, as to the superconductivity, a survey outlined the projects carried out in each government office in Japan. The future developmental course was indicated, and proposals were made on the equipment/system as object which are the subjects for urgent development for commercialization. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Possibility of practical application of dye-sensitized solar cells (Graezel cells) is discussed. Fine titania particle preparation conditions and titania thin-film electrodes were optimized and an energy conversion efficiency of 7.7% was accomplished. The screen printing method was applied to the manufacture of dye-sensitized electrodes, and performance governing factors were grasped. The use of the screen printing method resulted in a conversion efficiency of 6-8.4% when the factors were optimized. Though lower than the 10% in the Graezel report, values near that were obtained. The status of latest research and development is compiled involving studies about electron transfer dynamics in dye-sensitized solar cells, manufacture of sensitizing dyes and mesoscopic metal oxide thin-film, electron transfer layers and their physical properties, and solidification of hole transfer layers. Research was conducted aiming at their practical application, and tasks and problems in each of the said items were point out. A logical approach to achieve high conversion efficiency was deliberated, and studies were made about how to propel forward endeavors involving design guidelines for high-performance sensitizing dyes, design and preparation guidelines for thin film for electrodes, analysis of stability, solidification of the redox electrolyte, etc. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-03-01
As a part of the New Sunshine Project, 'an R and D project on superconductor power application technology,' an examinational study was made as a mini project to clarify the developmental course for commercialization of superconductor technology. The superconductor technology is being watched with interest as a technology in the 21st century. In the application to the electric power/energy field, in particular, expected are the energy saving effect by high operation efficiency, excellent environmentality, developmental potentiality of new equipment/system by the application of ferromagnetism, etc. Accordingly, the paper analytically arranged the needs of superconductor devices in Japan and abroad and the technology seeds corresponding to the needs, and prepared the developmental subjects of superconductor technology. These developmental steps and the mutual relationship were expressed in an R and D framework. At the same time, as to the superconductivity, a survey outlined the projects carried out in each government office in Japan. The future developmental course was indicated, and proposals were made on the equipment/system as object which are the subjects for urgent development for commercialization. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
R and D of the production technology of biohydrogen is an option effective for the world energy supply technology and the world environmental preservation technology in the 21st century. At present, a project named `R and D of the environment harmony type hydrogen production technology` tackles the R and D of the hydrogen production technology using photosynthetic microorganisms, and promotes the R and D in this field from both aspects of a basis and application as seen in a workshop held including interchanges with researchers and research institutes overseas. With the recently increasing interest in bio-hydrogen production technology also overseas, search and bleeding/improvement of microorganisms related to the hydrogen production and utilization technology of biomass have been advancing. For development in this field, it is necessary to construct a widespread research network and promote the comprehensive research and development. In this survey, most of the research institutes visited recognized an importance of international cooperation in this field and agreed to make future research interchanges in a wide range. Based on the survey, a feasibility of concrete international collaboration is searched. 146 refs., 2 figs., 11 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
The purpose of this survey is to improve the coal utilization technology and to contribute to the environmental protection. Through long-term dispatch of experts for the coal utilization technology, coal utilization facilities are surveyed at the sites, advises for coal utilization technology and environmental protection technology are given, and useful information for the cooperation with the partner country are exchanged. In this fiscal year, experts were dispatched to Thailand in addition to China, to conduct cooperative surveys, technical exchanges and seminars with both countries. Experts for desulfurization technology, circulating fluidized bed boilers, effective coal ash utilization technology, and coal preparation technology were dispatched to various places in China. Among various model projects conducted in China, examples of model projects for simplified desulfurizer introduction, circulating fluidized bed boiler introduction, and briquette production facility introduction were presented at seminars held at two cities in China. Experts for briquette production technology and circulating fluidized bed boiler technology were dispatched to Thailand, to conduct cooperative surveys and technical exchanges. 22 figs., 9 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2000-03-01
Through the collection and analysis of the data on the Japanese version of BECON, this survey concretely studied what the Japanese version of BECON should be like, and at the same time it aimed at contributing to finding-out new R and D seeds, proposing themes, and deciding on a method to select themes. As a result of the survey, a study was made on a conception of the Japanese version of BECON. First, the three basic points to be considered in study were made clear, that is, (1) Basic policy: Does Japan follow the U.S.' BECON? Does Japan aim at its original BECON? (2) Mission: Does it make the high-tech research its main purpose? (3) Relation with the U.S.' BEACON: How is the 'competition'-'cooperation' relation constructed? Next, a draft of the conception of the Japanese version of BECON was illustrated in the case of aiming at the Japanese version of BECON. At last, the paper summarized the results of the study on the following: (1) organization of the Japanese version of BECON, (2) how to divide research funds, (3) selection/support process of research themes, and (4) organizational medical-engineering cooperated system. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1994-03-01
The Indonesian and Philippine counterparts of this Japanese project are taken care of by PLN (State Electric Company) and PNOC-EDC (Philippine National Oil Company-Energy Development Corporation), respectively. PLN recommends the Kamojang geothermal area and Lahendong geothermal area for joint research sites. PNOC-EDC, though richly experienced in the removal of silica scale and in various tests concerned, has not yet established effective technologies. Under the circumstances, a suggestion is made that 5 items be added to the pH control scheme proposed by the Japanese party. PNOC recommends 3 locations in the geothermal area in the southern part of Negros Island (Palimpinon Geothermal Plants I and II) for pilot test sites. The geothermal water at the PNOC-recommended locations is extremely saline, not bringing about a desired effect even when pH is regulated to be pH4.7. Silica scale is inhibited when pH is reduced to pH4 or less, when a large quantity of acid and probably a corrosion inhibitor will be required. This may give rise to problems relating to economical efficiency. Hydrochloric acid rather than sulfuric acid is to be employed to control pH in high-salinity geothermal water. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
Networking is being executed with an objective of exchanging information on global environment technologies at an international level. In order to further promote the information exchange, and to make web sites user-friendly, fiscal 1998 has performed structuring a thesis renewal system. As a result of structuring the thesis renewal system, researchers can use the system as using a word processor by inputting data from a terminal in their laboratories. The data can also be made into a data base nearly semi-automatically. In addition to reducing time loss, delay and input errors because of re-entry, the researchers can make the data into a database on nearly a real time basis, and can provide their own theses to any part of the world through Internet. With regard to retaining Internet security, the security software having been introduced last year was renewed. In addition, detailed status such as daily access has become possible of identification as a result of introducing the net intellect. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Matsumura, M. [Shizuoka University, Shizuoka (Japan); Nagatani, T. [Shizuoka University, Shizuoka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering
1999-07-25
Traffic jams are investigated numerically and analystically in the optimal velocity model on a single-line highway. The condition is found whether or not traffic jams occur when a car stops instantly. It is shown that traffic soliton appears at the threshold of occurrence of traffic jams. The Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation is derived from the optimal velocity model by the use of the nonlinear analysis. It is found that the traffic soliton appears only near the neutral stability point. The soliton obtained from the nonlinear analysis is consistent with that of the numerical simulation. (author)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Inaba, H.; Hiraki, M.; Miyamoto, T. [Hokuriku Electric Power Co. Inc., Toyama (Japan)
1995-01-25
A `laminated rubber tile` and a `shock absorbing holed-in anchor` were devised in connection with the apron of a dam for a hydroelectric power plant. As the result of a survey on the hydroelectric power plants, ten plus places were observed where a general kind of concrete was severely worn in the company territory; but, there were substantial number of rubber materials that had still been sound for over ten years after the installation. In spite of the soundness of the rubber tiles, however, it was observed that their anchor supports had been cut and separated. An abrasion comparison test of concrete and rubber materials revealed that the rubber materials were considerably superior in abrasion resistance. Various rubber tiles were tested for abrasion resistance, tear strength, tensile strength, impact strength, etc.; and methods for fixing rubber tiles were also tested such as a holed-in anchor, chemical anchor and adhesives. As a result, a laminated rubber tile was designed with its upper layer constituted of a rubber sold on the market and its lower layer of a fiber reinforced rubber also on the market, and so was a shock absorbing type holed-in anchor. 1 ref., 11 figs., 4 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Yamamoto, M.; Ishihara, T. (The Kansai Electric Power Co. Inc., Osaka (Japan))
1993-08-25
Study was made for grasping the basic data of CO2 fixation technology by seaweed. The photosynthesis under the sea, which is different from that on the land, is judged to be made by taking in HCO3[sup -] and converting it into CO2 inside the plant. Porphyra yezoensis which is seaweed is cultivated as comestible. With a rise in CO2 content, the growth in length of leaves was observed to be accelerated through ventilating Porphyra yezoensis with the three test types of air which respectively contained 350ppm (atmospheric CO2 content), 1000ppm and 1600ppm CO2. As a result of measuring the photosynthesis speed by the generated quantity of O2, it was heightened with a rise in dissolved inorganic carbonic acid content of the sea water. Measurement was also made of daily fluctuation in calcification speed by Corallina officinalis capable of calcification by ventilating it with 350ppm and 1600ppm CO2. In case of 1600ppm, the sedimentation of CaCO3 was prevented. In case of 350ppm, the sedimentation was quantitatively larger during the bright period than that during the dark period. The growth of Gracilaria gigas which is an agar material was compared by changing the above CO2 levels. In case of 1600ppm, the weight grew to 2.3 times in 20 days. 16 figs., 2 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Konishi, M; Shiraishi, H; Terada, M [Okumura Corp., Osaka (Japan)
1995-08-22
A cement-based filler is one of the back filling materials used in radioactive wastes disposal facilities. This paper describes fundamental tests performed on a filling material as to its filling performance, water permeation characteristics, and adsorption property to cerium by using the normal cement mortar (SM) that uses the water-to-cement ratio of 40% and the silica fume mortar (SFM). Furthermore, model wastes were fabricated by using a filling mortar of about 1 m{sup 3} and a 200-liter drum, which were used for tests on the filling and water cut-off performances. The result of the fundamental tests revealed the following matters: all of the materials show good filling performance and adsorbability when an adequate amount of high-performance water reducing agent is mixed; and the diffusion coefficient of the SFM is less than one tenth of that for the SM, showing high water cut-off effect. It was made clear from the tests using simulated test pieces that the Lugeon test value and water permeation coefficient of the SFM is less than half of that for the SM, and high water cut-off effect can be obtained by using the SFM. 11 refs., 8 figs., 4 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1968-09-01
Compiled are the results of studies conducted in fiscal 1967 on MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) power generation. In the test operation and modification of a 1,000kW-class MHD power generator at the Electrical Research Laboratory, a test is conducted using Faraday-type electrodes. It is then found that this configuration results in a maximum output of approximately 700kW, which is less than expected. In the experimental construction at the Hitachi, Ltd., of a machine capable of a long-term operation, an MHD power generator is built for a continuous operation of 100 hours with an maximum output of 2kW, and a 110-hour power generation is successfully achieved with a maximum output of 1.9kW. In the research and development of heat exchangers, tests are conducted for a bulkhead type heat exchanger, heat accumulator type heat exchanger, molten slag type heat exchanger, and a gas/liquid 2-phase flow type heat exchanger. In the study of heat-resisting insulators, materials based on zirconate, magnesia, thoria, zirconia, etc., are tested. In addition, studies are conducted on electrode materials, superconductive electromagnets (small superconductive electromagnets for MHD power generators, turbine type helium liquefiers, superconductive wires for 70-kilogauss electromagnets, etc.), and thermal performance rating. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-12-01
For the development of talent, industrial infrastructures, and new industries in countries that received Japanese cooperation, Japanese researchers were sent to universities and research organizations in Asian countries, where they were engaged in joint research and development, which involved (1) micro device technology, (2) technology for manufacturing industrial silica material by chaff incineration, (3) technology for forming and machining of alloys difficult to machine, light in weight, and high in strength, (4) technology for rare metal isolation and refining, (5) cascade-wise utilization and practical application of biomass in Asia, (6) exploration and utilization of microbial resources in Tropical Asia, (7) evaluation of biological resources existing in Southeast Asia and construction of information network, (8) development and evaluation of cultured articular cartilage, (9) technology for utilizing wastewater for production of valuable substances, and (10) studies for utilizing biological resources through utilization of diversity of symbiotic microbes and their adaptability to surroundings. Under item (1), it was planned that ultrasonic micro transducers and micro fluid devices be developed for use in the medical field. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1970-07-01
Compiled are the results of studies conducted in fiscal 1970 on MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) power generation. In the operation test and modification of the 1000kW-class MHD power generator, modification is carried out involving the combustion system, seed collecting method, and power generation channel, and reviews through experiments are conducted about the analysis and control of the boundary layer structure. In the operation test of the MHD power generator designed for prolonged operation, a test operation for resistance to heat and seeds continues more than 100 hours using a cold wall type power generation channel constituted of water cooled ceramics, and the ceramics are analyzed for failure and loss. Studies are also conducted involving MHD power generator heat exchangers, seed collecting methods, electrode materials for MHD power generators, heat-resistant materials for MHD power generators, thermal performance rating for MHD power plants, etc. In the research and development of superconductive electromagnets, superconductive electromagnets are developed and tested for 1000kW-class MHD power generators, and studies are conducted on turbine type helium liquefiers, superinsulated superconductive electromagnetic field generators, etc. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Kobayashi, Y [Kumamoto Institute of Technology, Kumamoto (Japan); Hanada, S; Watase, M; Nakajima, T
1997-10-01
It is intended to recover more effectively thermal energy currently discharged from marine vessels into air. This paper describes a diesel engine combined power generation system in which medium-order waste heat energy from a diesel engine for power generation in a marine vessel is recovered and utilized to operate a Rankine cycle system (using the waste gas as the high temperature source and sea water as the low temperature source), thus the thermal energy is recovered as a motive force. Two kinds of fluorocarbons and steam were discussed as a working fluid. Due to fluorocarbons making the whole system ultra-high in pressure, and from a viewpoint of high-temperature thermal stability, the temperature was remained at levels from 100 to 200 degC, and a single-stage expansion cycle was used. With the use of steam, a two-stage reheating cycle was employed, by which the temperature is raised fully up to 300 degC and effective head of fluid was taken largely. Ceramic paint was used as a means to prevent sulfur oxide corrosion when the system is used down to the dew point, and its effectiveness was verified. Motive force recovered by combining the steam two-stage reheating cycle and the ceramic painted heat collector was calculated, whereas electric power output of about 45 kW was obtained from a main generator with 450 PS. The derived thermal efficiency was about 26%. 2 refs., 24 figs., 2 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-03-01
The survey/research project is implemented for establishing environment-compatible energy systems in urban areas by constructing wide-area heat supply networks to exchange energy among cities. This project studies, taking Kanagawa Pref. as the model area, distributions of unutilized energy sources, and possibilities of their utilization for heat supply. There are large quantities of unutilized energy, including waste heat from power plants, general works and cleaning works, and low-temperature waste heat from, e.g., sewage and pumping systems. The district air conditioning promotion areas are selected from those consuming large quantities of heat energy in the prefecture, and their characteristics are grasped. The effects of the networks on total energy consumption of the entire prefecture are estimated for the cases of introducing the district air conditioning systems or wide-area heat supply networks in these selected areas. Introduction of optimum advanced heat utilization systems in stereotyped areas is also considered, in order to predict the effects of introduction of wide-area heat supply networks. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sato, S; Kikuchi, K; Ushiyama, I [Ashikaga Institute of Technology, Tochigi (Japan)
1997-11-25
Wind power now being used is mostly for power generation, and the power generating rotor is represented by the horizontal propeller type. The vertical type, such as Savonius rotor which uses drag force, may be used for special purposes. The Savonius rotor has been used for water pumping-up and ventilation for its characteristics of low rotational speed and high torque. The authors have proposed, based on the data collected by operating a wind mill of 10W, a method for reducing resistance by deflecting wind flowing onto the return bucket to augment drag force, in an attempt to make the system more functional. The Savonius rotor is equipped with a semi-cylindrical cover, and guide and side plates, to follow their effects. It is found that these plates work to augment power without needing expansion of sweeping area. 4 refs., 12 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sato, M; Aoki, H; Wako, Y [Hachinohe Institute of Technology, Aomori (Japan)
1997-11-25
This paper proposes a cone type electro-hydrodynamical (EHD) heat collector, describes its structure and principle, and mentions possibility of improving the heat collecting efficiency. The paper proposes a heat collector with a shape close to a cone. Trees are of cone form so that their every leaf, branch and truck can capture solar energy efficiently. Imitating this fact existing in the natural world, a cone-shaped heat collector was fabricated on a trial basis to discuss its heat collecting efficiency. Furthermore, black round stones are placed in the inner cone of the cone- shaped heat collector of double-glass structure. A low boiling point medium is placed between the inner and outer cones to cause corona discharge in vapor generated by absorbing the solar heat, and generate corona wind for an attempt to accelerate heat transfer into a heat exchanger. Thus, development was made on a cone-shaped high-efficiency heat collector utilizing electro-hydrodynamical (EHD) effect, and elucidation was given on dynamic phenomena of an electro-thermal fluid. Heat transfer in the EHD heat collector has a possibility of being accelerated by generation of ionic wind. In addition, it is thought that there would be an optimum value in applied voltage to increase electric charge supply as a result of corona discharge. 1 ref., 2 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Chikamori, S; Shimizu, Y [Seikei University, Tokyo (Japan); Yano, M [Mitsubishi Motor Corp., Tokyo (Japan)
1997-10-01
The four degrees of freedom of shoe motion were adopted by considering the bending for the shoe vibration, and the simulation model was derived. Using this model, the mechanism by which the squeal is generated was reviewed. And conditions for the occurrence of squeal vibration were determined by a series of simulations. Then father analysis was conducted on the influences of various parameters upon the occurrence of squeal vibration. 2 refs., 10 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-03-01
For further improvement of iron system materials, supermetals with ultimate characteristics were researched. Since their strength and toughness have been improved with grain refinement by thermomechanical treatment, improvement of single-phase steel is nearly completed, and the study on ultra-fine multi-phase steel is indispensable. Bulky materials are also restrained from grain refinement because of the capability of existing processing facilities. Making a breakthrough in such restraint requires a challenge to high-speed rolling, repeated shear deformation and ultra-high strain rate process beyond conventional technologies. Further improvement of microstructure and dynamic characteristics requires other energies such as magnetism as well as mechanical energy. {gamma}-{alpha} phase transition important for structure control of steel materials is dependent on magnetism. The study on structure control and characteristics improvement under ferromagnetic field is essential in the future. Material improvement such as reduction of impurities and circulating elements, environmental measures, and mechanical alloying remain as issues to be studied. 224 refs., 176 figs., 18 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-03-01
A study is made for the elucidation of the effect of microgravity on biofunctions. The protoplast of shiitake is exposed to microgravity and then cultured, and a significant difference occurs. The rate of colony formation by cell fusion in the test sector is found to be two times higher than that in the control sector. When swimming ciliates which are unicellular are suddenly exposed to microgravity, their swimming speeds changed differently according to the direction of swimming. When a mouse subjected to acupuncture for three days is exposed to microgravity, its water metabolism and excretory function are enhanced. A mouse treated with Chinese medicine reacts in the similar way. The change due to microgravity in the amount of acetylcholine in the hypothalamus is found characteristically time dependent. Mice infected with lethal herpes viruses just after exposure to microgravity die at a rate in proportion to the number of exposures and to the amount of viruses given. The migration speed of chemical stripes in case of a gel-base BZ (Belousov-Zhabotinsky) reaction under microgravity is equal to that on the ground. The trigger wave migration speed in case of a water solution-base BZ reaction under microgravity is reduced to approximately 80% of the speed on the ground. 12 refs., 31 figs., 3 tabs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Mogi, T [Kyushu University, Fukuoka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering; Shimoizumi, M [Kitakyushu Polytechnic College, Kitakyushu (Japan); Kusunoki, K [Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo (Japan); Morikawa, T [Dowa Engineering Co. Ltd., Okayama (Japan); Jomori, N [Chiba Electronics Research Institute, Chiba (Japan)
1996-05-01
For the development of an airborne electromagnetic prospecting method capable of deeper exploration, a basic study was made about a system wherein a transmitter (source) is positioned on the ground and the receiving is done in the sky. Even in case of this airborne electromagnetic method, the TDEM method is supposedly advantageous over others as in case of groundborne exploration. In the study, the transient response of an airborne vertical magnetic field to a horizontal layered structure was calculated. The current source was 2000m long with a capacity of 30A. The one-layer structure was a 10 Ohm m semi-infinite ground, and the two-layer structure had a 100 Ohm m structure just under the one-layer structure. The result of the calculation suggests that, in the absence of a layer of extremely low resistivity, observation of an approximately 1 second long transient response aboard a helicopter flying at approximately 50km/h will enable an approximately 1000m deep exploration. Problems to affect airborne observation, such as swinging, natural magnetic field fluctuation, and artificially produced noises were investigated by use of a magnetometer suspended from a helicopter in flight. 2 refs., 6 figs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1981-03-01
'Research on MHD generation system' was implemented by its expert committee in the electric joint study group, with the results of fiscal 1980 reported. This year, a detailed conceptual design was carried out on a coal fired MHD generation system, with points for the technological development concretely examined. In addition, investigation was conducted on the progress of MHD generation technology, development situation of other generation systems, state of energy resources, etc., in various foreign countries. In the conceptual design of the coal fired MHD generation plant, the system structure of a 2,000 MWt class commercial MHD generation plant was explained, as were the conceptual design of the structural elements and proposals for a 500 MWt class demonstration plant and an 100 MWt class experimental plant, for example. In the overseas trend of R and D on MHD generation, investigations were made concerning the U.S., Soviet Union, and China, with details compiled for such items as generation plants, combustors, generation channels, heat resisting materials, superconducting magnets, heat exchangers, seed slags, inverters, boilers and environments, and commercial plants. (NEDO)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-10-01
Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute has promoted the research on the engineering safety for nuclear reactors and nuclear fuel cycle facilities, the research on environmental safety for the objects of environmental radiation and radioactivity and the treatment and disposal of radioactive waste, and the development of the future technology related to the heightening of safety, according to the long term plan on the research, development and utilization of atomic energy that the state decided and the annual plan of various safety researches. It is an internationally important responsibility to ensure the safety, and JAERI has positively promoted bilateral and multilateral international cooperation and the exchange of information. In fiscal year 1995, the criticality experiment facility, the back end research facility, the waste disposal research facility and so on started the operation, and the researches on the soundness of high burnup fuel, the severe accidents of LERs, the abnormal chemical reaction in a fuel reprocessing plant, and the evaluation of environment radioactivity around Chernobyl were carried out. In this book, the results of the research on the safety carried out in fiscal year 1995 are reported synthetically. (K.I.)