Sample records for karl friedrich gauss
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Jakobsen, Uffe
1988-01-01
For 50 år siden hyldede avisen 'Social-Demokraten' Karl Kautsky (1854-1938) som "den største Tænker inden for den socialdemokratiske Arbejderbevægelse". I perioden fra Friedrich Engels' død i 1895 til 1. Verdenskrigs udbrud i 1914 blev Karl Kautsky alment anset som Karl Marx's arvtager inden...
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Karl Friedrich Zollner and the historical dimension of astronomical photometry
Sterken, C.; Staubermann, K. B.
This book results from presentations and discussions of a group of astronomers and historians during a one-day workshop held at Archenhold Observatory, Berlin-Treptow, on April 4, 1997. This meeting was the first forum in a series dedicated to historical aspects of observational astrophysics in the nineteenth and early twentieth century. The basic principle of these meetings is to reflect during one or more days on the work and personality of a single individual or of a group of persons, at the same time avoiding the really dominant figures that typify the age. By focusing on key people who epitomize a way of thinking and working that has formed many of the ideas by which we do astrophysical research today, we also attempt to evoke the scientific spirit of the era under consideration. In 1858, the German physicist Karl Friedrich Zoellner introduced a new type of astronomical photometer which became a bestseller in the second half of the nineteenth century and which led him to the first German professorship in astrophysics. His type of photometer allowed most accurate photometric measurements and was used at several observatories for almost half a century. This book outlines four major themes. The first part describes the observing instruments that were used by Zoellner and his contemporaries: photometers and spectrographs that complemented his original design, but also competed with his most versatile prototype photometer. The description also includes an account of technical aspects associated with the replication of such a photometer today. The second part analyses the astrophysical data that were obtained with Zoellner's tools, and extracts information hidden in the published data --- scientific information as well as diverse aspects related to the observer himself. These nineteenth-century data are now published for the first time on a modern magnitude scale and are directly accessible in tabular form, and are thus fully applicable to archeophotometric studies
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Indian Academy of Sciences (India)
was born into the family of Gebhard Dietrich Gauss, a bricklayer at the German town of ... Duke Carl Wilhelm Ferdinand of Brunswick to demonstrate .... the asteroid Ceres. For about ... impossibility of making constant scale maps of the Earth.
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Vital forces and organization: philosophy of nature and biology in Karl Friedrich Kielmeyer.
Gambarotto, Andrea
2014-12-01
The historical literature on German life science at the end of the 18th century has tried to rehabilitate eighteenth century vitalism by stressing its difference from Naturphilosophie. Focusing on the work of Karl Friedrich Kielmeyer this paper argues that these positions are based on a historiographical bias and that the clear-cut boundary between German vitalism and Naturphilosophie is historically unattested. On the contrary, they both belong to the process of conceptual genealogy that contributed to the project of a general biology. The latter emerged as the science concerned with the laws that regulate the organization of living nature as a whole. The focus on organization was, at least partially, the result of the debate surrounding the notion of "vital force", which originated in the mid-eighteenth century and caused a shift from a regulative to a constitutive understanding of teleology. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Gauss: La revolución de las matemáticas del siglo XIX
Gutierrez, Santiago
2005-01-01
Hace 150 años, el 23 de febrero de 1855, moría, en Gotinga, a la edad de setenta y siete años, Johan Friedrich Carl Gauss o, simplemente, Carl Friedrich Gauss, como él mismo quiso ser llamado. Eran tiempos de revolución y progreso: comenzaba la revolución industrial en Inglaterra, en Estados Unidos se perforaba el primer pozo de petróleo (1859), la economía estaba dominada por las teorías liberales de Adam Smith mientras se gestaba la creación de la Internacional Socialista, Darwin publicaba ...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Karin Reich
2016-11-01
Full Text Available Abstract The correspondence between Alexander von Humboldt und Karl Kreil was voluminous, it concerned earth magnetism. But only one letter has survived. This letter was written by Kreil on September 3, 1836; one day later Kreil wrote a letter to Carl Friedrich Gauss with nearly the same contents, some sentences are even literally corresponding. Four letters from Kreil to Humboldt were published in the „Annalen der Physik und Chemie“. Some letters were mentioned in the biographical literature dealing with Kreil. These letters show, that the correspondence covered at least the period until 1851 and give information about the intensive relationship between the two scientists. A further interesting source is the library of Humboldt which unfortunately has not survived. The catalogue mentions nine works of Kreil some of them where annotated by Humboldt. This makes it plausible that the contacts even lasted until 1856. Zusammenfassung Die Korrespondenz zwischen Alexander von Humboldt und Karl Kreil war umfangreich und betraf den Erdmagnetismus. Aber heute ist nur noch ein einziger Brief im Original bekannt. Dieser Brief, den Kreil am 3. September 1836 Alexander von Humboldt zukommen ließ, stimmt inhaltlich und teilweise wortwörtlich mit dem Brief überein, den Kreil nur einen Tag später, am 4. September 1836, an Carl Friedrich Gauß schickte. Vier Briefe von Kreil an Humboldt wurden in den „Annalen der Physik und Chemie“ publiziert, eine nicht allzu große Anzahl weiterer Briefe an Humboldt wurde in der biographischen Literatur über Kreil und in Briefen Kreils an Koller und Gauß erwähnt. Aber nicht nur die lückenhafte und bruchstückhaft bekannte Korrespondenz zwischen Humboldt und Kreil, die bis 1851 reicht, gibt Aufschluss über die Beziehungen, sondern von besonderer Bedeutung ist des Weiteren der Bestand an Kreiliana in der Bibliothek Humboldts. Es handelt sich um neun Werke Kreils, das letzte aus dem Jahr 1856. Nachweisbare
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Lax-Friedrichs sweeping scheme for static Hamilton-Jacobi equations
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Kao, C.Y.; Osher, Stanley; Qian Jianliang
2004-01-01
We propose a simple, fast sweeping method based on the Lax-Friedrichs monotone numerical Hamiltonian to approximate viscosity solutions of arbitrary static Hamilton-Jacobi equations in any number of spatial dimensions. By using the Lax-Friedrichs numerical Hamiltonian, we can easily obtain the solution at a specific grid point in terms of its neighbors, so that a Gauss-Seidel type nonlinear iterative method can be utilized. Furthermore, by incorporating a group-wise causality principle into the Gauss-Seidel iteration by following a finite group of characteristics, we have an easy-to-implement, sweeping-type, and fast convergent numerical method. However, unlike other methods based on the Godunov numerical Hamiltonian, some computational boundary conditions are needed in the implementation. We give a simple recipe which enforces a version of discrete min-max principle. Some convergence analysis is done for the one-dimensional eikonal equation. Extensive 2-D and 3-D numerical examples illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the new approach. To our knowledge, this is the first fast numerical method based on discretizing the Hamilton-Jacobi equation directly without assuming convexity and/or homogeneity of the Hamiltonian
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Lax-Friedrichs sweeping scheme for static Hamilton-Jacobi equations
Kao, Chiu Yen; Osher, Stanley; Qian, Jianliang
2004-05-01
We propose a simple, fast sweeping method based on the Lax-Friedrichs monotone numerical Hamiltonian to approximate viscosity solutions of arbitrary static Hamilton-Jacobi equations in any number of spatial dimensions. By using the Lax-Friedrichs numerical Hamiltonian, we can easily obtain the solution at a specific grid point in terms of its neighbors, so that a Gauss-Seidel type nonlinear iterative method can be utilized. Furthermore, by incorporating a group-wise causality principle into the Gauss-Seidel iteration by following a finite group of characteristics, we have an easy-to-implement, sweeping-type, and fast convergent numerical method. However, unlike other methods based on the Godunov numerical Hamiltonian, some computational boundary conditions are needed in the implementation. We give a simple recipe which enforces a version of discrete min-max principle. Some convergence analysis is done for the one-dimensional eikonal equation. Extensive 2-D and 3-D numerical examples illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the new approach. To our knowledge, this is the first fast numerical method based on discretizing the Hamilton-Jacobi equation directly without assuming convexity and/or homogeneity of the Hamiltonian.
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Sterken, C.; Staubermann, K. B.
This book results from presentations and discussions of a group of astronomers and historians during a one-day workshop held at Archenhold Observatory, Berlin-Treptow, on April 4, 1997. This meeting was the first forum in a series dedicated to historical aspects of observational astrophysics in the nineteenth and early twentieth century. The basic principle of these meetings is to reflect during one or more days on the work and personality of a single individual or of a group of persons, at the same time avoiding the really dominant figures that typify the age. By focusing on key people who epitomize a way of thinking and working that has formed many of the ideas by which we do astrophysical research today, we also attempt to evoke the scientific spirit of the era under consideration. In 1858, the German physicist Karl Friedrich Zoellner introduced a new type of astronomical photometer which became a bestseller in the second half of the nineteenth century and which led him to the first German professorship in astrophysics. His type of photometer allowed most accurate photometric measurements and was used at several observatories for almost half a century. This book outlines four major themes. The first part describes the observing instruments that were used by Zoellner and his contemporaries: photometers and spectrographs that complemented his original design, but also competed with his most versatile prototype photometer. The description also includes an account of technical aspects associated with the replication of such a photometer today. The second part analyses the astrophysical data that were obtained with Zoellner's tools, and extracts information hidden in the published data --- scientific information as well as diverse aspects related to the observer himself. These nineteenth-century data are now published for the first time on a modern magnitude scale and are directly accessible in tabular form, and are thus fully applicable to archeophotometric studies
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Honigsbaum, Mark
2016-04-01
The Swiss-born medical researcher Karl Friedrich Meyer (1884-1974) is best known as a 'microbe hunter' who pioneered investigations into diseases at the intersection of animal and human health in California in the 1920s and 1930s. In particular, historians have singled out Meyer's 1931 Ludwig Hektoen Lecture in which he described the animal kingdom as a 'reservoir of disease' as a forerunner of 'one medicine' approaches to emerging zoonoses. In so doing, however, historians risk overlooking Meyer's other intellectual contributions. Developed in a series of papers from the mid-1930s onwards, these were ordered around the concept of latent infections and sought to link microbial behavior to broader bio-ecological, environmental, and social factors that impact hostpathogen interactions. In this respect Meyer-like the comparative pathologist Theobald Smith and the immunologist Frank Macfarlane Burnet-can be seen as a pioneer of modern ideas of disease ecology. However, while Burnet's and Smith's contributions to this scientific field have been widely acknowledged, Meyer's have been largely ignored. Drawing on Meyer's published writings and private correspondence, this paper aims to correct that lacuna while contributing to a reorientation of the historiography of bacteriological epidemiology. In particular I trace Meyer's intellectual exchanges with Smith, Burnet and the animal ecologist Charles Elton, over brucellosis, psittacosis and plague-exchanges that not only showed how environmental and ecological conditions could 'tip the balance' in favor of parasites but which transformed Meyer thinking about resistance to infection and disease.
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Plath, Ulrike, 1972-
2014-01-01
Arvustus: Friedrich Ludwig von Maydelli pildid Baltimaade ajaloost = Friedrich Ludwig von Maydells Baltische Geschichte in Bildern = Friedrich Ludwig von Maydell ́s Baltic history in images. Eesti kunstimuuseum, Kadrioru kunstimuuseum. Tallinn 2013
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Tartu Ülikooli kümme geeniust / Alo Lõhmus
Lõhmus, Alo
2007-01-01
Valik Tartu Ülikoolis 375 aasta jooksul kõige rohkem maailmateadust mõjutanud teadlasi: Friedrich Georg Wilhelm Stuve, Martin Heinrich Rathke, Karl Ernst von Baer, Karl Wilhelm von Kupffer, Juri Lotman, Ludvig Puusepp Nikolai Pirogov, Ernst Öpik, Ivan Kondakov, Karl Bücher, Karl Friedrich Burdach ja Gustav Teichmüller
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Kenklies, Karsten
2012-01-01
The debate concerning the relation of the theory of education and the practice of education is not new. In Germany, these discussions are an integral part of the development of educational science in the eighteenth century which is closely connected to Johann Friedrich Herbart and Friedrich Schleiermacher. Their concepts illustrate different…
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Indian Academy of Sciences (India)
job. Despite his fame, his financial position still depended on the stipend from the Duke of Brunswick. To make matters ... conquering the world had brought him up to Brunswick. It appeared ... In 1809 after a third delivery his wife passed away ...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Rosa Luxemburg
2018-05-01
Full Text Available Marx died on March 14, 1883. Exactly twenty years later, on March 14, 1903, Rosa Luxemburg’s reflections on Karl Marx were published in German in Vorwärts, the newspaper of the Social Democratic Party of Germany. tripleC publishes an English translation of Luxemburg’s essay on the occasion of Marx’s bicentenary. Christian Fuchs’ postface “Karl Marx and Rosa Luxemburg” asks the question of how we can make sense of Rosa Luxemburg’s reading of Marx in 2018. Source of the German original: Luxemburg, Rosa. 1903. Karl Marx. Vorwärts 62: 1-2.
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Alexander von Humboldt und Carl Friedrich Gauß als Wegbereiter der neuen Disziplin Erdmagnetismus
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Karin Reich
2011-03-01
Full Text Available AbstractThough Alexander von Humboldt was motivated for the first time to deal with earthmagnetism during his stay in Freiberg, it was in France that he really became a specialist in this respect. During most of his journeys he made earthmagnetic measurements. His collaboration with Arago was of great importance, it was in Paris that the first magnetic observatory was built. Humboldt rendered outstanding services to the investigation of earth magnetism by two major achievements: 1. He emphasized intensity measurements and 2. he put forward the law that the magnetic intensity is increasing from the magnetic equator toward the magnetic poles. At least since 1803 Carl Friedrich Gauss was interested in earthmagnetism and especially in Humboldt’s early published data. That Wilhelm Weber became professor of physics at the University of Göttingen in 1831 was a turning point for Gauss. In 1833 Göttingen was the centre of investigating earthmagnetism, a new era began which lasted only until 1843. Gauss’ main contributions were more or less theoretical, in 1832/3 he transformed Humboldt’s relative intensity measurements into absolute ones which were independent of the instrument’s needle. A new epoch began with Gauss’ publication „Allgemeine Theorie des Erdmagnetismus” (1839. The main point was the newly defined notion of „potential“. Gauss was the first to present the surface of the earth with equipotential lines. ZusammenfassungAlexander von Humboldt hatte sich bereits in Freiberg mit dem Erdmagnetismus beschäftigt; jedoch erst in Frankreich lernte er die entsprechenden Beobachtungsmethoden kennen. Auf allen seinen Reisen machte er erdmagnetische Messungen. Seine Zusammenarbeit mit Arago in Paris war besonders fruchtbar, hier wurde das erste magnetische Observatorium gebaut. Humboldt beschäftigte sich vor allem mit Intensitätsmessungen; sein wichtigster Beitrag war die Feststellung, dass die magnetische Intensität vom
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Heede, Dag
2017-01-01
Introduktion til juristen og homopioneren Karl Heinrich Ulrichs (1824-1882) og hans fortælling "Manor" (1885)......Introduktion til juristen og homopioneren Karl Heinrich Ulrichs (1824-1882) og hans fortælling "Manor" (1885)...
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Nonphysical sheet for the Friedrichs model
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Pavlov, B.S.
1995-01-01
A method of deducing an expansion theorem in resonance states for the two-dimensional Friedrichs model A=1/2(U var-phi -U var-phi + ) is suggested. The construction is based on detailed Lax-Phillips analogs of the corresponding unitary Friedrichs model U var-phi = z(1 + 2iα/1-iα P var-phi ), perturbed by the protector P var-phi , generated by an element var-phi possessing special analytic properties
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"Cosmomorphistic geometry" in the unconscious geometry of Johannes Kepler
Adam, Adolf
Some mathematical aspects of the Music theory by Johannes Kepler are discussed, paying a special attention to the book "De harmonice mundi". Other scientists interested in Music theory are mentioned throughout the paper: The Pythagorean school, Klaudios Ptolemaios, Leonard Euler, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Christian von Goldbach, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholz, Karl Friedrich Gauss. The relation with the ancient chinese schools of cosmography has been discussed: From the the Pythagorean to the ancient Chinese schools of cosmography we find arithmo-geometrical applications of numbers which are emblematic, hold meaning or represent the essence of things, the author writes. It was Johannes Kepler who taught us this "transconstructive method" of forming classical and ancient begginings of structuralistic thinking into a system from which deductions can readily be made.
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The Friedrichs model and its use in resonance phenomena
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Gadella, M. [Departamento de Fisica Teorica, Atomica y Optica, Facultad de Ciencias, 47071 Valladolid (Spain); Pronko, G.P. [Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142284, Moscow Region (Russian Federation)
2011-09-15
We present here a relation of different types of Friedrichs models and their use in the description and comprehension of resonance phenomena. We first discuss the basic Friedrichs model and obtain its resonance in the case that this is simple or doubly degenerated. Next, we discuss the model with N levels and show how the probability amplitude has an oscillatory behavior. Two generalizations of the Friedrichs model are suitable to introduce resonance behavior in quantum field theory. We also discuss a discrete version of the Friedrichs model and also a resonant interaction between two systems both with continuous spectrum. In an appendix, we review the mathematics of rigged Hilbert spaces. (Copyright copyright 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
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Aarma, Liivi, 1948-
2012-01-01
"Pöllumehhe nöuandja" koostajate ja tekstiautorite kohta otsest teavet säilinud pole. Võimalik, et kirjastajal oligi kokkulepe raamatu tegijaid mitte kirja panna. Jaan Eilart on oletanud, et raamatuga võis seotud olla literaat Friedrich Nikolai Russow. Fiedrich Nikolai Russowvi perekonnaloost. Eelnenud uurimisele toetudes võib väita, et raamatu "Põllumehe nõuandja" teksti kokkupanijaks oli Järvamaa juurtega kirjamees Wilhelm Friedrich Tuglas. Tuglasest ja tema suguvõsast
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Kõnelused Tartus / Anne Untera
Untera, Anne, 1951-
2007-01-01
8.-10. V Tartus toimunud eesti, läti ja saksa kunstiteadlaste ühisseminarist. Alexander Knorre rääkis Karl August Senffi, Ilona Audere Friedrich Ludwig von Maydelli, Mai Levin Karl Alexander von Winkleri, Kristiana Abele Johann Walter-Kurau (1869-1932), Anne Untera Konstantin ja Sally von Kügelgeni, Epp Preem Julie Hagen-Schwartzi, Friedrich Gross Eduard von Gebhardti ja Katharina Hadding Ida Kerkoviuse (1879-1970) loomingust
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Mohammed Larbi Labbi
2007-12-01
Full Text Available The $(2k$-th Gauss-Bonnet curvature is a generalization to higher dimensions of the $(2k$-dimensional Gauss-Bonnet integrand, it coincides with the usual scalar curvature for $k = 1$. The Gauss-Bonnet curvatures are used in theoretical physics to describe gravity in higher dimensional space times where they are known as the Lagrangian of Lovelock gravity, Gauss-Bonnet Gravity and Lanczos gravity. In this paper we present various aspects of these curvature invariants and review their variational properties. In particular, we discuss natural generalizations of the Yamabe problem, Einstein metrics and minimal submanifolds.
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Science and Politics in "Friedrichs v. California Teachers Association"
Superfine, Benjamin Michael; Umpstead, Regina R.; Mayrowetz, David; Lenhoff, Sarah Winchell; Pogodzinski, Ben
2018-01-01
In March 2017, the Supreme Court decided "Friedrichs v. California Teachers Association" and upheld the constitutionality of agency fees for nonunion teachers. We examine how "Friedrichs" reflects a host of issues grouped around a patchwork of ideological commitments regarding teachers unions and public-sector unions more…
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Rosa Luxemburg
2018-01-01
Marx died on March 14, 1883. Exactly twenty years later, on March 14, 1903, Rosa Luxemburg’s reflections on Karl Marx were published in German in Vorwärts, the newspaper of the Social Democratic Party of Germany. tripleC publishes an English translation of Luxemburg’s essay on the occasion of Marx’s bicentenary. Christian Fuchs’ postface “Karl Marx and Rosa Luxemburg” asks the question of how we can make sense of Rosa Luxemburg’s reading of Marx in 2018. Source of the German original: Luxembu...
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Sõrmuste isand Karl Fritsch / Merike Alber
Alber, Merike
2008-01-01
Saksa ehtekunstniku Karl Fritschi (sünd. 1963) näitus "Metrosideros robusta. Ehted" Eesti Tarbekunsti- ja Disainimuuseumis kuni 29. VI. Karl Fritsch pälvis 2006. a. Francoise van den Boschi (hollandi ehtekunstnik, 1944-1977) auhinna, 1995. ja 2007. a. Herbert Hoffmanni preemia. Darling Publications kirjastas Karl Fritschist raamatud "Metrosideros Robusta" ja "Baby Brick"
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Bengtsen, Søren Smedegaard
2018-01-01
, they still and truly are? Drawing on Friedrich Nietzsche’s concept of the will to power [Wille zur Macht] I analyse and discuss what powers universities today possess and have the, often neglected, opportunity to unleash. Nietzsche’s concept of power [Macht] is indeed a complex one, and even though...... it includes analyses of individual, social and even political behavior and value, it is first and foremost an ontological concept. In Nietzsche the concept of power is closely linked to other core concepts such as the overman [Übermensch] and the dawn [Morgenröte]. Indeed these concepts unfold an ontology...
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Friedrichs systems in a Hilbert space framework: Solvability and multiplicity
Antonić, N.; Erceg, M.; Michelangeli, A.
2017-12-01
The Friedrichs (1958) theory of positive symmetric systems of first order partial differential equations encompasses many standard equations of mathematical physics, irrespective of their type. This theory was recast in an abstract Hilbert space setting by Ern, Guermond and Caplain (2007), and by Antonić and Burazin (2010). In this work we make a further step, presenting a purely operator-theoretic description of abstract Friedrichs systems, and proving that any pair of abstract Friedrichs operators admits bijective extensions with a signed boundary map. Moreover, we provide sufficient and necessary conditions for existence of infinitely many such pairs of spaces, and by the universal operator extension theory (Grubb, 1968) we get a complete identification of all such pairs, which we illustrate on two concrete one-dimensional examples.
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Bormuth, Matthias
2009-06-01
A hundred years ago when Karl Jaspers was introducing psychological understanding to psychiatry the founder of the school of Heidelberg spoke of Friedrich Nietzsche as one of the "greatest" psychologists. Especially his theory of resentment with its core thesis unconscious prejudices were influencing our behaviour was able to illuminate the complex structure of human will. Taking into account this horizon of psychiatric history of ideas the presentation wants to persecute the following three questions: 1) Why the postulate which Nietzsche was giving on cultural prejudices of our thoughts, feelings and acts was so provocative so that many of the classical thinkers of psychological understanding were taking it up according to the needs of their disciplines sociology, psychology, psychiatry and philosophy? 2) What were the results of this inspiring theory which could be especially seen in the works of Karl Jaspers and Kurt Schneider? In other words: What were the aspects in which they agreed in their reception of Nietzsche and what were the points in which the two psychiatrists of the school of Heidelberg differed in the way they took the theory of resentment into account for their psychological understanding? 3) What could be the actual significance of the historical fact that Nietzsche and in his footsteps Max Weber were taking deep influence on psychiatric thinking around 1900?
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McNamara, D. R.
1978-01-01
Sir Karl Popper is one of England's most distinguished contemporary philosophers and it is surprising that his thought has not permeated and informed educational discussion. This paper suggests that educationists have much to learn from Karl Popper's writings and explores ways in which his ideas can illuminate and advance discussion about…
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Lembitu : Eesti muistepõlve mälestustest kasvanud luuletus / Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald
Kreutzwald, Friedrich Reinhold, 1803-1882
2003-01-01
Faksiimileväljaanne: Kreutzwald, Friedrich Reinhold. Lembitu : Eesti muistepõlwe mälestustest kaswanud luuletus / Puhkama läinud lauliku Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwaldi järel jäetud paberitest wälja antud. Tartu : G. Blumberg, 1885
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Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer
Indian Academy of Sciences (India)
Home; Journals; Resonance – Journal of Science Education; Volume 19; Issue 6. Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer: A Pioneer of Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Gopalpur Nagendrappa. General Article Volume 19 Issue 6 June 2014 pp 489-522 ...
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Kisseljova, Ljubov, 1950-
2016-01-01
Analüüsitakse kahe rahvusliku liikumise varase etapi kirjamehe, Friedrich Nikolai Russowi ja Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwaldi Krimmi sõja aineliste tekstide pragmaatikat. Tekstid on: Tallinna koddaniko ramat omma söbbradele male (Tallinn, 1854-1857), Russowi poeem "Söalaul" (1854), Kreutzwaldi poeem "Sõda" (1854)
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Physics with Big Karl Brainstorming. Abstracts
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Machner, H.; Lieb, J.
2000-08-01
Before summarizing details of the meeting, a short description of the spectrometer facility Big Karl is given. The facility is essentially a new instrument using refurbished dipole magnets from its predecessor. The large acceptance quadrupole magnets and the beam optics are new. Big Karl has a design very similar as the focussing spectrometers at MAMI (Mainz), AGOR (Groningen) and the high resolution spectrometer (HRS) in Hall A at Jefferson Laboratory with ΔE/E = 10 -4 but at some lower maximum momentum. The focal plane detectors consisting of multiwire drift chambers and scintillating hodoscopes are similar. Unlike HRS, Big Karl still needs Cerenkov counters and polarimeters in its focal plane; detectors which are necessary to perform some of the experiments proposed during the brainstorming. In addition, BIG KARL allows emission angle reconstruction via track measurements in its focal plane with high resolution. In the following the physics highlights, the proposed and potential experiments are summarized. During the meeting it became obvious that the physics to be explored at Big Karl can be grouped into five distinct categories, and this summary is organized accordingly. (orig.)
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Johann Jacob Friedrich Wilhelm Parrot / Tõivo Sarmet
Sarmet, Tõivo
2006-01-01
Tartu Ülikooli rektorit Johann Jacob Friedrich Wilhelm Parrot loetakse Venemaa alpinismiajaloo alusepanijaks ja tema tähelepanuväärseimaks mägironimisalaseks teoks oli tõus Suur-Araratile 1829. aastal
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Colon Cancer Risk Assessment - Gauss Program
An executable file (in GAUSS) that projects absolute colon cancer risk (with confidence intervals) according to NCI’s Colorectal Cancer Risk Assessment Tool (CCRAT) algorithm. GAUSS is not needed to run the program.
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Student difficulties with Gauss' law
Kanim, Stephen
2000-09-01
Many students in introductory courses have difficulty solving Gauss' law problems. Through interviews with students and analysis of solutions to homework and examination questions we have identified some specific conceptual difficulties that often contribute to students' inability to solve quantitative Gauss' law problems. We give examples of common difficulties and discuss instructional implications.
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Nonextensive entropies derived from Gauss' principle
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Wada, Tatsuaki
2011-01-01
Gauss' principle in statistical mechanics is generalized for a q-exponential distribution in nonextensive statistical mechanics. It determines the associated stochastic and statistical nonextensive entropies which satisfy Greene-Callen principle concerning on the equivalence between microcanonical and canonical ensembles. - Highlights: → Nonextensive entropies are derived from Gauss' principle and ensemble equivalence. → Gauss' principle is generalized for a q-exponential distribution. → I have found the condition for satisfying Greene-Callen principle. → The associated statistical q-entropy is found to be normalized Tsallis entropy.
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Parallel multigrid smoothing: polynomial versus Gauss-Seidel
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Adams, Mark; Brezina, Marian; Hu, Jonathan; Tuminaro, Ray
2003-01-01
Gauss-Seidel is often the smoother of choice within multigrid applications. In the context of unstructured meshes, however, maintaining good parallel efficiency is difficult with multiplicative iterative methods such as Gauss-Seidel. This leads us to consider alternative smoothers. We discuss the computational advantages of polynomial smoothers within parallel multigrid algorithms for positive definite symmetric systems. Two particular polynomials are considered: Chebyshev and a multilevel specific polynomial. The advantages of polynomial smoothing over traditional smoothers such as Gauss-Seidel are illustrated on several applications: Poisson's equation, thin-body elasticity, and eddy current approximations to Maxwell's equations. While parallelizing the Gauss-Seidel method typically involves a compromise between a scalable convergence rate and maintaining high flop rates, polynomial smoothers achieve parallel scalable multigrid convergence rates without sacrificing flop rates. We show that, although parallel computers are the main motivation, polynomial smoothers are often surprisingly competitive with Gauss-Seidel smoothers on serial machines
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Parallel multigrid smoothing: polynomial versus Gauss-Seidel
Adams, Mark; Brezina, Marian; Hu, Jonathan; Tuminaro, Ray
2003-07-01
Gauss-Seidel is often the smoother of choice within multigrid applications. In the context of unstructured meshes, however, maintaining good parallel efficiency is difficult with multiplicative iterative methods such as Gauss-Seidel. This leads us to consider alternative smoothers. We discuss the computational advantages of polynomial smoothers within parallel multigrid algorithms for positive definite symmetric systems. Two particular polynomials are considered: Chebyshev and a multilevel specific polynomial. The advantages of polynomial smoothing over traditional smoothers such as Gauss-Seidel are illustrated on several applications: Poisson's equation, thin-body elasticity, and eddy current approximations to Maxwell's equations. While parallelizing the Gauss-Seidel method typically involves a compromise between a scalable convergence rate and maintaining high flop rates, polynomial smoothers achieve parallel scalable multigrid convergence rates without sacrificing flop rates. We show that, although parallel computers are the main motivation, polynomial smoothers are often surprisingly competitive with Gauss-Seidel smoothers on serial machines.
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Fast and Accurate Computation of Gauss--Legendre and Gauss--Jacobi Quadrature Nodes and Weights
Hale, Nicholas; Townsend, Alex
2013-01-01
An efficient algorithm for the accurate computation of Gauss-Legendre and Gauss-Jacobi quadrature nodes and weights is presented. The algorithm is based on Newton's root-finding method with initial guesses and function evaluations computed via asymptotic formulae. The n-point quadrature rule is computed in O(n) operations to an accuracy of essentially double precision for any n ≥ 100. © 2013 Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.
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Fast and Accurate Computation of Gauss--Legendre and Gauss--Jacobi Quadrature Nodes and Weights
Hale, Nicholas
2013-03-06
An efficient algorithm for the accurate computation of Gauss-Legendre and Gauss-Jacobi quadrature nodes and weights is presented. The algorithm is based on Newton\\'s root-finding method with initial guesses and function evaluations computed via asymptotic formulae. The n-point quadrature rule is computed in O(n) operations to an accuracy of essentially double precision for any n ≥ 100. © 2013 Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.
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[Medical history impressions of Karl Marx 1983].
Kaiser, W
1983-12-15
Excerpts of his London era first published on the occasion of the Karl Marx testimonials of 1983 gave rise to extend the memory of the fundamental achievements of Karl Marx to medico-historical aspects. In this case Karl Marx paid special attention to the working and living conditions of the working class and an analysis of his adequate statements and records shows multifarious details which give a research basis also for the history of medicine. Marx and Engels had friendly contacts with several physicians who shared the opinions of the two classics: their way of life is shown in the most important points.
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2006-01-01
Moekunstnik Karl Lagerfeld kaebas kohtusse raamatu "The Beautiful Fall : Fashion, Genius and Glorious Excess in 1970s Paris" autori Alicia Drake'i. Raamat räägib Lagerfeldi noorusajast ja tema konkurentsist moekunstnik Yves Saint Laurent'iga 1970. aastate Pariisis
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Gauss Sum Factorization with Cold Atoms
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Gilowski, M.; Wendrich, T.; Mueller, T.; Ertmer, W.; Rasel, E. M.; Jentsch, Ch.; Schleich, W. P.
2008-01-01
We report the first implementation of a Gauss sum factorization algorithm by an internal state Ramsey interferometer using cold atoms. A sequence of appropriately designed light pulses interacts with an ensemble of cold rubidium atoms. The final population in the involved atomic levels determines a Gauss sum. With this technique we factor the number N=263193
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Parameter investigation with line-implicit lower-upper symmetric Gauss-Seidel on 3D stretched grids
Otero, Evelyn; Eliasson, Peter
2015-03-01
An implicit lower-upper symmetric Gauss-Seidel (LU-SGS) solver has been implemented as a multigrid smoother combined with a line-implicit method as an acceleration technique for Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulation on stretched meshes. The computational fluid dynamics code concerned is Edge, an edge-based finite volume Navier-Stokes flow solver for structured and unstructured grids. The paper focuses on the investigation of the parameters related to our novel line-implicit LU-SGS solver for convergence acceleration on 3D RANS meshes. The LU-SGS parameters are defined as the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy number, the left-hand side dissipation, and the convergence of iterative solution of the linear problem arising from the linearisation of the implicit scheme. The influence of these parameters on the overall convergence is presented and default values are defined for maximum convergence acceleration. The optimised settings are applied to 3D RANS computations for comparison with explicit and line-implicit Runge-Kutta smoothing. For most of the cases, a computing time acceleration of the order of 2 is found depending on the mesh type, namely the boundary layer and the magnitude of residual reduction.
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Scalar field collapse in Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Banerjee, Narayan; Paul, Tanmoy
2018-02-01
We consider a "scalar-Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet" theory in four dimension, where the scalar field couples non-minimally with the Gauss-Bonnet (GB) term. This coupling with the scalar field ensures the non-topological character of the GB term. In this scenario, we examine the possibility for collapsing of the scalar field. Our result reveals that such a collapse is possible in the presence of Gauss-Bonnet gravity for suitable choices of parametric regions. The singularity formed as a result of the collapse is found to be a curvature singularity which is hidden from the exterior by an apparent horizon.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Cecilia Tohăneanu
2014-04-01
Full Text Available Dedicated to Karl Popper’s memory, this essay aims at following the echo of his critical rationalism and how it has been received by Mario Bunge, one of the most prominent contemporary philosopher of science – an admirer, later a critic of Popper’s social and political philosophy. The main goal of such an endeavor is to find out where could have been Popper wrong – from Bunge’s view point – and take note of the arguments of both of them, thus hoping to get closer to the truth, as Sir Karl said.
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Holographic Superconductivity with Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Gregory, Ruth
2010-01-01
I review recent work on holographic superconductivity with Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity, and show how the critical temperature of the superconductor depends on both gravitational backreaction and the Gauss-Bonnet parameter, using both analytic and numerical arguments. I also review computations of the conductivity, finding the energy gap, and demonstrating that there is no universal gap ratio, $\\omega_g/T_c$, for these superconductors.
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Karl Kello - elukutse olla saarlane / Aare Laine
Laine, Aare, 1951-
2004-01-01
Kuressaare Kuursaalis näidati kadripäeval nelja Ruta Celma ja Karl Kello kultuuriloolist dokumentaalfilmi : "Narr Jumala kojas" (2000), "Phaetonit otsides" (1999), "Eestlased Lätis" (2004) ja Kalevipoja temaatikat arendav "Küll siis Kalev..." (2004). Filmide operaator on Arvo Vilu. Artikli autor kõneleb Karl Kellost, tema Karja kiriku ja Kaali järve problemaatika arendustest peale filmide ka kirjasõnas
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Scalar field collapse in Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Banerjee, Narayan [Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Department of Physical Sciences, Nadia, West Bengal (India); Paul, Tanmoy [Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Department of Theoretical Physics, Kolkata (India)
2018-02-15
We consider a ''scalar-Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet'' theory in four dimension, where the scalar field couples non-minimally with the Gauss-Bonnet (GB) term. This coupling with the scalar field ensures the non-topological character of the GB term. In this scenario, we examine the possibility for collapsing of the scalar field. Our result reveals that such a collapse is possible in the presence of Gauss-Bonnet gravity for suitable choices of parametric regions. The singularity formed as a result of the collapse is found to be a curvature singularity which is hidden from the exterior by an apparent horizon. (orig.)
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Friedrich Meinecke : Panentheism and the Crisis of Historicism
Krol, R.A.
2010-01-01
Friedrich Meinecke's Die Idee der Staatsr son (1924) is generally seen as the study in which he replaced his monistic-idealistic philosophy of history - as articulated in Weltburgertum und Nationalstaat - by a dualistic worldview. In this article I will argue against this view. I will do so on the
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Romance romântico e teoria do romance: Lucinde, de Friedrich Schlegel
Maas, Wilma Patricia Marzari Dinardo [UNESP
2011-01-01
Friedrich Schlegel’s novel, Lucinde, is here discussed as being part of a whole project for the establishment of the basis for a theory of modern novel. At the same time we try to point out some possible descendants of Schlegel’s ideas on the theory of the novel, as in Lukács and Walter Benjamin. Investiga-se aqui o estatuto do romance Lucinde, de Friedrich Schlegel, como parte do projeto do autor para a criação de uma teoria do romance moderno. Ao mesmo tempo, apontam-se prováveis descend...
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On the Inequalities of Babu\\vska-Aziz, Friedrichs and Horgan-Payne
Costabel, Martin; Dauge, Monique
2015-09-01
The equivalence between the inequalities of Babu\\vska-Aziz and Friedrichs for sufficiently smooth bounded domains in the plane was shown by Horgan and Payne 30 years ago. We prove that this equivalence, and the equality between the associated constants, is true without any regularity condition on the domain. For the Horgan-Payne inequality, which is an upper bound of the Friedrichs constant for plane star-shaped domains in terms of a geometric quantity known as the Horgan-Payne angle, we show that it is true for some classes of domains, but not for all bounded star-shaped domains. We prove a weaker inequality that is true in all cases.
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Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory of gravity: The Gauss-Bonnet-Katz boundary term
Deruelle, Nathalie; Merino, Nelson; Olea, Rodrigo
2018-05-01
We propose a boundary term to the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet action for gravity, which uses the Chern-Weil theorem plus a dimensional continuation process, such that the extremization of the full action yields the equations of motion when Dirichlet boundary conditions are imposed. When translated into tensorial language, this boundary term is the generalization to this theory of the Katz boundary term and vector for general relativity. The boundary term constructed in this paper allows to deal with a general background and is not equivalent to the Gibbons-Hawking-Myers boundary term. However, we show that they coincide if one replaces the background of the Katz procedure by a product manifold. As a first application we show that this Einstein Gauss-Bonnet Katz action yields, without any extra ingredients, the expected mass of the Boulware-Deser black hole.
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Karl Rawer’s life and scientific achievements*
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
B. W. Reinisch
2004-01-01
Full Text Available This laudation is given in honor of the 90th birthday of Prof. Karl Rawer. The ionosphere was discovered during Karl Rawer’s life, and he has dedicated his life to the exploration of this part of Earth’s environment. The horrible events of world wars I and II shaped his early life, but they also launched his career as one of the eminent geophysical scientists of the twentieth century.
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Quantum Zeno effect for N-level Friedrichs model
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Antoniou, I.; Karpov, E.; Pronko, G.; Yarevskij, E.
2003-01-01
We study the short-time behaviour of the survival probability in the framework of the N-level Friedrichs model. We show that depending on the initial conditions the decay can be considerably slowed down or even stopped. By choosing proper parameters of the system, the Zeno time can also be considerably extended
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Karl Ristikivi prantsuse keeles
2003-01-01
29. ja 30. mail Tallinna Kirjanike Majas ja 31. mail Tartu Kirjanduse Majas esinevad näitlejad Ene Rämmeld ja Claude Merlin Karl Ristikivi luulekavaga "Inimese teekond" (tõlkija Tarah Montbélialtz). Vt. ka Looming, 2003, nr. 6, lk. 953
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Wilhelm Friedrich – zakladatel české historické geografie?
Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database
Martínek, Jiří
2013-01-01
Roč. 39, č. 1 (2013), s. 113-125 ISSN 0323-0988 Institutional support: RVO:67985963 Keywords : Friedrich Wilhelm (1882–1914) * historical geography * history of geography * history of settlement Subject RIV: AB - History
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
N.J Wade
2014-08-01
Full Text Available Illusions have been displayed in art for millennia but they were not addressed seriously by visual science until the mid-nineteenth century when Johann Joseph Oppel referred to the small spatial distortions as ‘geometrical optical illusions’. Many of the illusion figures described thereafter bear the names of those who illustrated them. Original forms of the illusions were shown together with illusory portrayals of those who described them. These included (in chronological sequence: Jan Evangelista Purkyně, Louis Albert Necker, Michel Eugène Chevreul, Adolf Fick, Johann Karl Friedrich Zöllner, Johann Christian Poggendorff, Karl Ewald Konstantin Hering, August Kundt, Joseph-Rémi-Léopold Delbæuf, Ernst Mach, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand Helmholtz, Ludimar Hermann, Wilhelm von Bezold, Henri Beaunis, Franz Carl Müller-Lyer, Theodor Lipps, Armand Thiéry, Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt, Hugo Münsterberg, Friedrich Schumann, Hermann Ebbinghaus, Edward Bradford Titchener, Joseph Jastrow, James Fraser, Mario Ponzo, Edgar Rubin, Matthew Luckiesh, Friedrich Sander, Walter Ehrenstein, Adelbert Ames, Richard Gregory, Gaetano Kanizsa, Michael White, Roger Shepard, and Bernd Lingelbach.
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Gauss-Bonnet chameleon mechanism of dark energy
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Ito, Yusaku; Nojiri, Shin'ichi
2009-01-01
As a model of the current accelerated expansion of the Universe, we consider a model of the scalar-Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity. This model includes the propagating scalar modes, which might give a large correction to the Newton law. In order to avoid this problem, we propose an extension of the chameleon mechanism where the scalar mode becomes massive due to the coupling with the Gauss-Bonnet term. Since the Gauss-Bonnet invariant does not vanish near the Earth or in the Solar System, even in the vacuum, the scalar mode is massive even in the vacuum and the correction to the Newton law could be small. We also discuss the possibility that the model could describe simultaneously the inflation in the early Universe, in addition to the current accelerated expansion.
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Birma - otsekui retk minevikku / Mait Talts
Talts, Mait, 1964-
2011-01-01
Reisist Birmasse, tänapäevase nimega Myanmari, mida Eestiga seovad sinna maetud "Eestimaa budistlikud peapiiskopid" Karl A.M. Tõnisson-Tennisons (Vend Vahindra, 1883-1962) ja Friedrich Voldemar Lustig (Ashin Ananda, 1912-1989)
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Naised valikute ees / Ave Paavo
Paavo, Ave
2006-01-01
Mõedaku spordibaasi juhataja Anu Kilk, äritarkvarafirma Oracle Eesti, Läti, Leedu finantsjuht Anne Oja-Aru, restoranide Balthasar, Karl Friedrich, Paat ja trahteri Postipoiss üldjuht Ritta Roosaar oma tööalastest valikutest
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Näitus "Sajand eesti puugravüüri klotsidel" / Jüri Hain
Hain, Jüri, 1941-
2007-01-01
Eesti Rahvusraamatukogus 15. I-3. II eksponeeritud ja rahvusraamatukogu kollektsioonist koostatud näitusest "Sajand eesti puugravüüri klotsidel: 1840-1940". Järgmistest kunstnikest ja nende töödest: Aleksander Otto Gern, Bogdan Gottlieb Friedrich Kally, August Daugell, Hermann Eduard Hartmann, Eduard Magnus Jakobson, Mart Pukits, Andres Kuusk, Karl Friedrich Schnell, Anton Suurkask (1873-1965), Arkadio Laigo, Hando Mugasto, Eduard Järv, Richard Kaljo, Ott Kangilaski, Ants Puks (1918-?), Salome Trei
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Kilplaste töö ei lõpe kunagi / Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald
Kreutzwald, Friedrich Reinhold, 1803-1882
2009-01-01
Peatükk "Kilplased muretsevad nõukogu maja jaoks palkisid / Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald" lugemikust: Eesti Kooli Lugemiseraamat. 1. jagu. Tallinn : Eesti-kubermangu Kooliõpetajate Vastastikku Abiandmise Selts, 1914
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BATHYTHERMOGRAPH (XBT) from multiple German platforms: 19730101 to 19831231 (NODC Accession 8400184)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Ocean Station Data and Bathythermograph (XBT) data were collected from Helgoland Biological Stations using multiple German ships (ANTON DOHRN, GAUSS, FRIEDRICH...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Circe Mary Silva da Silva, Brasil
2015-04-01
Full Text Available A partir da análise da obra de Friedrich Bieri (1844-1924, um suíço que emigrou para o Brasil no século 19, identificamos apropriações de saberes produzidos em países de língua alemã no ensino brasileiro. A investigação traz um perfil deste personagem, assim como relata o processo de transferência de conhecimentos ocorrido e seu papel no contexto da província do Rio Grande do Sul. A análise da obra de Bieri permitiu concluir que o autor, além de ter sido um dos pioneiros na produção de livros didáticos para escolas teuto-brasileiras, adotou uma proposta pedagógica germânica adaptada ao contexto local e influenciada pelo método de Grube e da reformulação deste por Egger. Palavras-chave: Friedrich Bieri, livro didático, Egger, Grube, Rechenbuch. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFERENCES AND APPROPRIATIONS: FRIEDRICH BIERI AND THE MATHEMATIC TO THE PRIMARY SCHOOLAbstractStarting from the analyses of Friedrich Bieri (1844-1924 work, a Swiss who immigrated to Brazil in the 19th century, we identified knowledge appropriation produced in German speaking countries in the Brazilian teaching. This study brings up Bieri’s profile as well as reports the knowledge transference process occurred and its role in the country of Rio Grande do Sul. Bieri’s work analyses allowed concluding that the author, besides being one of the precursors of didactics books for Teutonic schools production, also adopted a German pedagogical proposal adapted to the local context and influenced by Grube’s method and its reformulation by Egger.Key-words: Friedrich Bieri, didactic book, arithmetic, Jakob Egger. TRANSFERENCIAS Y APROPIACIÓN DEL CONOCIMIENTO: FRIEDRICH BIERI Y LAS MATEMÁTICAS EN LA EDUCACIÓN PRIMARIAResumenA partir del análisis de la obra de Friedrich Bieri (1844-1924, un suizo emigrado a Brasil en el siglo 19, nos ha sido posible identificar algunas apropiaciones de saberes producidos en países germanófonos y posteriormente introducidos en la
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GaussStudio: designing seamless tangible interactions on portable displays
Liang, R.-H.; Kuo, H.-C.; Bruns Alonso, M.; Chen, B.-Y.
2016-01-01
The analog Hall-sensor grid, GaussSense, is a thin-form magnetic-field camera technology for designing expressive occlusion-free, near-surface tangible interactions on conventional portable displays. The studio will provide hands-on experiences that combine physical designs and the GaussSense
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Gauss-Bonnet black holes in dS spaces
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Cai Ronggen; Guo Qi
2004-01-01
We study the thermodynamic properties associated with the black hole horizon and cosmological horizon for the Gauss-Bonnet solution in de Sitter space. When the Gauss-Bonnet coefficient is positive, a locally stable small black hole appears in the case of spacetime dimension d=5, the stable small black hole disappears, and the Gauss-Bonnet black hole is always unstable quantum mechanically when d≥6. On the other hand, the cosmological horizon is found to be always locally stable independent of the spacetime dimension. But the solution is not globally preferred; instead, the pure de Sitter space is globally preferred. When the Gauss-Bonnet coefficient is negative, there is a constraint on the value of the coefficient, beyond which the gravity theory is not well defined. As a result, there is not only an upper bound on the size of black hole horizon radius at which the black hole horizon and cosmological horizon coincide with each other, but also a lower bound depending on the Gauss-Bonnet coefficient and spacetime dimension. Within the physical phase space, the black hole horizon is always thermodynamically unstable and the cosmological horizon is always stable; furthermore, as in the case of the positive coefficient, the pure de Sitter space is still globally preferred. This result is consistent with the argument that the pure de Sitter space corresponds to an UV fixed point of dual field theory
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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Ocean Station data containing Water depth and other data collected from ANTON DOHRN, ALKOR, FRIDTJOF NANSEN, GAUSS, FRIEDRICH HEINCKE, METEOR, POSEIDON, SOLEA,...
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Saage tuttavaks : Elisabeth ja Karl von Hoerschelmann / Mai Levin
Levin, Mai, 1942-
2004-01-01
Kuraator M. Levin kuni 10. X 2004 Adamson-Ericu muuseumis avatud näitusest "Tuntud ja tundmatud Elisabeth von Rosendorff-Hoerschelmann ja Karl von Hoerschelmann". Enamik töid on kunstnike laste Konstantin Hoerschelmanni ja Anna Röder-Hoerschelmanni omand. Elisabeth Rosendorff (1898-1984) sündis Virumaal Maidlas eesti perekonnas, Karl von Hoerschelmann (1899-1951) Sevastoopolis saksa perekonnas
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Kästner, Ingrid
2013-01-01
In 1914, from 6th May to 18th October, the International Exposition of book Industry and Graphic Arts (BUGRA) took place in Leipzig, then the world capital of books. Karl Sudhoff, director of the Leipzig Institute of the History of Medicine, was appointed by the executive committee of the BURGA to organize the special exhibition "Three Millennia of Graphic Arts in the Service of Science". The paper shows, following Sudhoff's own descriptions and new archival sources, the conceptual design and the contents of this exposition set up by Sudhoff.
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Ehasalu, Pia, 1964-
2004-01-01
Kuninganna Kristiina portreest lapsena (1638). Arvatav autor: Rootsi tolleaegne õuekunstnik Jacob Heinrich Elbfas või tema töökoda. Rootsi kuninga Karl XI noorpõlveportreest (1670). Autor: Karl XI õuekunstnik David Klöcker Ehrenstrahl (1628-1698)
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Adolf Friedrich Fercher: a pioneer of biomedical optics.
Hitzenberger, Christoph K
2017-11-01
Adolf Friedrich Fercher, an outstanding pioneer of biomedical optics, passed away earlier this year. He was a brilliant and visionary researcher who pioneered various fields of biomedical optics, such as laser speckle flowgraphy, tissue interferometry, and optical coherence tomography (OCT). On the occasion of the 25th anniversary of OCT, this paper reviews and commemorates Fercher's pioneering work. (2017) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Ziegler, Magnus Møller
2018-01-01
Det kritiske program, som var Karl Marx' bidrag til både tænkningen og den revolutionære bevægelse, tog sit udgangspunkt i det filosofiske miljø, der dominerede i Tyskland i 1840'erne.......Det kritiske program, som var Karl Marx' bidrag til både tænkningen og den revolutionære bevægelse, tog sit udgangspunkt i det filosofiske miljø, der dominerede i Tyskland i 1840'erne....
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Armastus ei hävi ilmaski ? / Dea Martinjonis
Martinjonis, Dea
1999-01-01
24. novembril esitles Eesti Draamateater õllekeldris "Karl Friedrich 30. novembril esietenduvat Ödon von Horvathi näidendit "Kasimir ja Karoline" : lavastaja Priit Pedajas, kunstnik Pille Jänes. Ajakirjanike ees mängiti katkend lavastusest ja lauldi õllelaule
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'Doing theology as though nothing had happened' – reading Karl ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
'Doing theology as though nothing had happened' – reading Karl Barth's confessional theology in Zimbabwe today? ... This article will attempt to argue that this theology can contribute to the Reformed theology in present day Zimbabwe. It will therefore attempt to introduce the confessional theology of Karl Barth to ...
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Friedrich Nietzsche in Basel: An Apology for Classical Studies
Santini, Carlotta
2018-01-01
Alongside his work as a professor of Greek Language and Literature at the University of Basel, Friedrich Nietzsche reflected on the value of classical studies in contemporary nineteenth-century society, starting with a self-analysis of his own classical training and position as a philologist and teacher. Contrary to his well-known aversion to…
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The AGS Ggamma Meter and Calibrating the Gauss Clock
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ahrens, Leif [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Collider-Accelerator Dept.
2014-03-31
During AGS Polarized Proton acceleration periods, one output from the AGS Ggamma Meter, namely the energy (or Ggamma) calculated from the magnetic field in the AGS main magnets and the beam radius- both measured in particular instant, is used to figure out the times in the AGS magnet acceleration cycle when the beam passes through a particular set of depolarizing resonances. The resonance set occur whenever a particle’s Ggamma (energy*(G/m) becomes nearly equal to n*Qx (i.e. any integer multiplied by the horizontal betatron tune). This deliverable is why the machinery is referred to as the ''Ggamma Meter'' rather than the AGS energy meter. The Ggamma Meter takes as inputs a set of measurements of frequency (F(t)), radius (r(t)), and gauss clock counts (GCC(t)). The other energy (GgammaBr) assumes the field when the gauss clock starts counting is known. The change in field to time t is given by the measured accumulated gauss clock counts multiplied by the gauss clock calibration (gauss/GCC). In order to deal with experimental data, this calibration factor gets an added ad hoc complication, namely a correction dependent on the rate of change the counting rate. The Ggamma meter takes GCC(t) and together with the past history for this cycle calculates B(t).
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The AGS Ggamma Meter and Calibrating the Gauss Clock
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Ahrens, Leif
2014-01-01
During AGS Polarized Proton acceleration periods, one output from the AGS Ggamma Meter, namely the energy (or Ggamma) calculated from the magnetic field in the AGS main magnets and the beam radius- both measured in particular instant, is used to figure out the times in the AGS magnet acceleration cycle when the beam passes through a particular set of depolarizing resonances. The resonance set occur whenever a particle's Ggamma (energy*(G/m) becomes nearly equal to n*Qx (i.e. any integer multiplied by the horizontal betatron tune). This deliverable is why the machinery is referred to as the ''Ggamma Meter'' rather than the AGS energy meter. The Ggamma Meter takes as inputs a set of measurements of frequency (F(t)), radius (r(t)), and gauss clock counts (GCC(t)). The other energy (GgammaBr) assumes the field when the gauss clock starts counting is known. The change in field to time t is given by the measured accumulated gauss clock counts multiplied by the gauss clock calibration (gauss/GCC). In order to deal with experimental data, this calibration factor gets an added ad hoc complication, namely a correction dependent on the rate of change the counting rate. The Ggamma meter takes GCC(t) and together with the past history for this cycle calculates B(t).
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Marxism as permanent revolution
van Ree, E.
2013-01-01
This article argues that the 'permanent revolution' represented the dominant element in Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels' political discourse, and that it tended to overrule considerations encapsulated in 'historical materialism'. In Marx and Engels's understanding, permanent revolution did not
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Domanski, Cezary W
2004-01-01
This article unveils some previously unknown facts about the short life of Max Friedrich (1856-1887), the author in 1881 of the first PhD dissertation on experimental psychology, written under the supervision of Wilhelm Wundt: "On the Duration of Apperception for Simple and Complex Visual Stimuli." The article describes Friedrich's family background and life, professional career as a teacher, and works in psychology and mathematics. Copyright 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Karl Marx 1864 og forsigtighedsprincippet
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Czeskleba-Dupont, Rolf
2015-01-01
Artiklen analyserer divergerende versioner af den tekst, som Karl Marx efter dannelsen af den 1.Internationale Arbejderassociation i London september 1864 har oversat fra sit engelske original (Inaugural Address...), der udkom i november, til en tysk version med overskriften 'Manifest an die...
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Propagation of partially coherent Lorentz-Gauss vortex beam through oceanic turbulence.
Liu, Dajun; Yin, Hongming; Wang, Guiqiu; Wang, Yaochuan
2017-11-01
The partially coherent Lorentz-Gauss vortex beam generated by a Schell-model source has been introduced. Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle, the cross-spectral density function of a partially coherent Lorentz-Gauss vortex beam propagating in oceanic turbulence is derived. The influences of coherence length, topological charge M, and oceanic turbulence on the spreading properties and position of the coherence vortex for a partially coherent Lorentz-Gauss vortex beam are analyzed in detail. The results show that a partially coherent Lorentz-Gauss vortex beam propagating in stronger oceanic turbulence will evolve into a Gaussian-like beam more rapidly as the propagation distance increases, and the number of coherent vortices will change.
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Siimets-Gross, Hesi, 1976-
2012-01-01
Tartu Ülikooli õppeainest "Rooma õiguse ajalugu" ja selle õppejõududest (Jüri Uluots, Ernst Ein, Leo Leesment) ning õppeainest "Rooma õiguse süsteem" ja selle õppejõududest (Karl Wilhelm von Seeler, David Johann Friedrich Grimm ja Ernst Ein)
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Kisseljova, Ljubov, 1950-
2016-01-01
Analüüsitakse Eestist pärit parun Karl Georg Woldemar Friedrich von Roseni almanahhis "Altsiona" 1831. aastal ilmunud väikest romaani "Constantin Loeven. (Minu mälestustest)". Romaanis on oluline 19. sajandi alguse kreeklaste vabadusvõitluse kontekst
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Covariant Gauss law commutator anomaly
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Dunne, G.V.; Trugenberger, C.A.; Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge
1990-01-01
Using a (fixed-time) hamiltonian formalism we derive a covariant form for the anomaly in the commutator algebra of Gauss law generators for chiral fermions interacting with a dynamical non-abelian gauge field in 3+1 dimensions. (orig.)
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Constructing Marxism: Karl Kautsky and the French Revolution
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Nygaard, Bertel
2009-01-01
Karl Kautsky's writings on the French Revolution were crucial to the construction not only of the Marxist interpretation of the Revolution, which was perhaps the most important reference point for the historiography of that event during the 20th century, but even of Marxism itself as a comprehens......Karl Kautsky's writings on the French Revolution were crucial to the construction not only of the Marxist interpretation of the Revolution, which was perhaps the most important reference point for the historiography of that event during the 20th century, but even of Marxism itself...
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Gravitational perfect fluid collapse in Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Abbas, G.; Tahir, M. [The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Department of Mathematics, Bahawalpur (Pakistan)
2017-08-15
The Einstein Gauss-Bonnet theory of gravity is the low-energy limit of heterotic super-symmetric string theory. This paper deals with gravitational collapse of a perfect fluid in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity by considering the Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi metric. For this purpose, the closed form of the exact solution of the equations of motion has been determined by using the conservation of the stress-energy tensor and the condition of marginally bound shells. It has been investigated that the presence of a Gauss-Bonnet coupling term α > 0 and the pressure of the fluid modifies the structure and time formation of singularity. In this analysis a singularity forms earlier than a horizon, so the end state of the collapse is a naked singularity depending on the initial data. But this singularity is weak and timelike, which goes against the investigation of general relativity. (orig.)
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Karl Ove Knausgaard's My Struggle
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Schmitt, Arnaud; Kjerkegaard, Stefan
2016-01-01
In this study of Karl Ove Knausgaard’s My Struggle, the authors theorize what paratextual information does to one’s reading, especially in autobiography informed literature. Although My Struggle can be read both as memoir and novel, and even as autofiction, Knausgaard is aiming at a higher truth...
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Saaremaa murrakutest 18. sajandil / Eberhard Winkler
Winkler, Eberhard
2008-01-01
Kahest vanemast Saaremaalt pärit keelenäitest: Schlözer, August Ludwig. Gesammelte Nachrichten von den Ueberresten der Liven, in Livland und Kurland. (1770) ja Kruse, Friedrich Karl Hermann. Ur-Geschichte des Esthnischen Volksstammes und der Kaiserlich Russischen Ostseeprovinzen ... (1846)
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A space-time lower-upper symmetric Gauss-Seidel scheme for the time-spectral method
Zhan, Lei; Xiong, Juntao; Liu, Feng
2016-05-01
The time-spectral method (TSM) offers the advantage of increased order of accuracy compared to methods using finite-difference in time for periodic unsteady flow problems. Explicit Runge-Kutta pseudo-time marching and implicit schemes have been developed to solve iteratively the space-time coupled nonlinear equations resulting from TSM. Convergence of the explicit schemes is slow because of the stringent time-step limit. Many implicit methods have been developed for TSM. Their computational efficiency is, however, still limited in practice because of delayed implicit temporal coupling, multiple iterative loops, costly matrix operations, or lack of strong diagonal dominance of the implicit operator matrix. To overcome these shortcomings, an efficient space-time lower-upper symmetric Gauss-Seidel (ST-LU-SGS) implicit scheme with multigrid acceleration is presented. In this scheme, the implicit temporal coupling term is split as one additional dimension of space in the LU-SGS sweeps. To improve numerical stability for periodic flows with high frequency, a modification to the ST-LU-SGS scheme is proposed. Numerical results show that fast convergence is achieved using large or even infinite Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) numbers for unsteady flow problems with moderately high frequency and with the use of moderately high numbers of time intervals. The ST-LU-SGS implicit scheme is also found to work well in calculating periodic flow problems where the frequency is not known a priori and needed to be determined by using a combined Fourier analysis and gradient-based search algorithm.
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Two Rival Conceptions of Vocational Education: Adam Smith and Friedrich List.
Winch, Christopher
1998-01-01
Examines and discusses two views of political economy: (1) the classical model of Adam Smith; and (2) the social capitalist model associated with Friedrich List. Explores two varieties of vocational education and training that emerge from a comparison of Smith's and List's ideas. (CMK)
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Preestrita pihtimus : Friedrich Nietzsche ja tema substantsiaalne mina (Ecce homo) / Jaan Undusk
Undusk, Jaan, 1958-
1998-01-01
Varem ilmunud raamatu järelsõnana: Nietzsche, Friedrich. Ecce homo : kuidas saadakse selleks, mis ollakse / tlk. Jaan Undusk. Tallinn : Vagabund, 1996. Sisu: Poeetiline, filosoofiline, dionüüsiline kaanon ; Künism contra hulluskahtlus ; Antikristlik pihtimus ; Egoretoorika
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Lotgevallen van een verzamelaar Friedrich Wilhelm Freiherr von Bissing (1873-1956)
van Haarlem, W.
2014-01-01
Friedrich Wilhelm Freiherr von Bissing was a rich German collector who assembled one of the largest private collections of Egyptian antiquities. He also taught Egyptian art history; first in Munich, then in Utrecht. The hard times that followed the First World War brought financial trouble, forcing
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Mozart, Karl Barth, og den kristne troslæren
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Petersen, Nils Holger
2010-01-01
En diskussion af Karl Barths teologiske brug af W.A.Mozart i den kirchliche Dogmatik med kontekstuel inddragelse af en til en vis grad tilsvarende overordnet diskussion af Mozart, skrevet af en samtidig musiker, den fremtrædende Mozart-dirigent Ferenc Fricsay. ......En diskussion af Karl Barths teologiske brug af W.A.Mozart i den kirchliche Dogmatik med kontekstuel inddragelse af en til en vis grad tilsvarende overordnet diskussion af Mozart, skrevet af en samtidig musiker, den fremtrædende Mozart-dirigent Ferenc Fricsay. ...
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Friedrich Max Müller and the Sacred Books of the East
Molendijk, Arie L.
2016-01-01
This volume offers a critical analysis of one the most ambitious editorial projects of late Victorian Britain: the edition of the fifty substantial volumes of the Sacred Books of the East (1879-1910). The series was edited and conceptualized by Friedrich Max Müller (1823-1900), a world-famous
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Shifferd, K. D.
1972-01-01
Implications from Karl Marx's concept of nature are explored. Serving as a frame of reference for the fight against pollution, the Marxian philosophy provides a kind of systems analysis of the origins and dynamics of pollution at the level of society and a set of conceptual tools and attitudes for unmasking the claims of industry. (BL)
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Noether symmetries in Gauss-Bonnet-teleparallel cosmology.
Capozziello, Salvatore; De Laurentis, Mariafelicia; Dialektopoulos, Konstantinos F
2016-01-01
A generalized teleparallel cosmological model, [Formula: see text], containing the torsion scalar T and the teleparallel counterpart of the Gauss-Bonnet topological invariant [Formula: see text], is studied in the framework of the Noether symmetry approach. As [Formula: see text] gravity, where [Formula: see text] is the Gauss-Bonnet topological invariant and R is the Ricci curvature scalar, exhausts all the curvature information that one can construct from the Riemann tensor, in the same way, [Formula: see text] contains all the possible information directly related to the torsion tensor. In this paper, we discuss how the Noether symmetry approach allows one to fix the form of the function [Formula: see text] and to derive exact cosmological solutions.
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Gravity in the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory with the Randall-Sundrum background
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Kim, Jihn E.; Lee, Hyun Min
2001-01-01
We obtain the full 5D graviton propagator in the Randall-Sundrum model with the Gauss-Bonnet interaction. From the decomposition of the graviton propagator on the brane, we show that localization of gravity arises in the presence of the Gauss-Bonnet term. We also obtain the metric perturbation for observers on the brane with considering the brane bending and compute the amplitude of one massless graviton exchange. For the positive definite amplitude or no ghost states, the sign of the Gauss-Bonnet term should be negative in our convention, which is compatible with string amplitude computations. In that case, the ghost-free condition is sufficient for obtaining the Newtonian gravity. For a vanishing Gauss-Bonnet coefficient, the brane bending allows us to reproduce the correct graviton polarizations for the effective 4D Einstein gravity
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Karl Marx: Critique as Emancipatory Practice
Celikates, R.; de Boer, K.; Sonderegger, R.
2012-01-01
Critique of philosophy, critique of religion, critique of politics, critique of political economy - there is almost no sphere of modern society of which Karl Marx’s theory does not offer a critique. This makes it all the more necessary to investigate whether these different critiques possess any
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Kirjavahetus Kaarel Robert Pustaga / Karl Ast Rumor
Rumor, Karl, pseud., 1886-1971
2009-01-01
Kirjavahetus Rio de Janeiros elava Karl Ast Rumori ja New Yorgis elava Kaarel Robert Pusta vahel Eesti kongressi kokkukutsumise vajalikkuse, väliseesti ühingute ja nõukogude, ajakirjanduse ning üldise poliitilise olukorra teemadel
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The hypersurfaces with conformal normal Gauss map in Hn+1 and S1n+1
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Shuguo Shi
2008-03-01
Full Text Available In this paper, we introduce the fourth fundamental forms for hypersurfaces in Hn+1 and space-like hypersurfaces in S1n+1, and discuss the conformality of the normal Gauss map of the hypersurfaces in Hn+1 and S1n+1. Particularly, we discuss the surfaces with conformal normal Gauss map in H³ and S³1, and prove a duality property. We give a Weierstrass representation formula for space-like surfaces in S³1 with conformal normal Gauss map. We also state the similar results for time-like surfaces in S³1. Some examples of surfaces in S³1 with conformal normal Gauss map are given and a fully nonlinear equation of Monge-Ampère type for the graphs in S³1 with conformal normal Gauss map is derived.Neste artigo, introduzimos a quarta forma fundamental de uma hipersuperfície em Hn+1 de uma hipersuperfície tipo-espaço em S1n+1, e discutimos a conformalidade da aplicação normal de Gauss de tais hipersuperfícies. Em particular, investigamos o caso de superfícies com aplicação normal de Gauss conforme em H³ e S³1, e provamos um teorema de dualidade. Apresentamos uma representação de Weierstrass para superfícies tipo-espaço em S³1 com aplicação de Gauss conforme. Enunciamos também resultados semelhantes para superfícies tipo-tempo em S³1. São dados alguns exemplos de superfícies em S³1 com aplicações de Gauss conformes, e é deduzida uma equação totalmente não-linear do tipo Monge-Ampère para gráficos em S³1 com aplicações de Gauss conformes.
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Tänuvõla tasumine kosimisega : Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald + Maria Lisabeth Saedler / Oskar Kruus
Kruus, Oskar, 1929-2007
2000-01-01
Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald ja Maria Lisabeth Saedler. Kirjutises on kasutatud Gustav Suitsu ja Endel Nirgi uurimusi. Ilmunud ka kogumikus: Kruus, Oskar. Kakskümmend üks pulma ja üksteist surma. Tln. : Faatum, 2003, lk. 7-11
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Daley, Patrick J.; Soloski, John
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels had little to say specifically about communication and language, but their works hint at the direction their critique of communication might have taken. Language and consciousness are conditioned by specific means of production and sociopolitical circumstances and are therefore ideological. The domain of ideology…
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Из Прибалтики - в Европу / Сергей Исаков
Исаков, Сергей, 1931-2013
2004-01-01
1831. a. Tallinnas ilmunud Aleksandr Gribojedovi näidendi "Häda mõistuse pärast" tõlkest saksa keelde (tõlkija Karl Knorring). Tõlge ilmus K. Knorringi välja antud seerias "Russische Bibliothek für Deutsche". Ka tõlke tsenseerimisest ja tsensorist Johann Friedrich von Erdmannist
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Analysis of physical interactions between the economy and the environment
De Haes, Helias A Udo; Heijungs, Reinout
2009-01-01
In this chapter methods for analysing the physical interactions between the economy and the environment will be discussed. The historic roots of such methods lie in the 19th century and go back to Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, who used the term 'metabolism' (Stoffwechsel) to imply a relationship
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German Marxism and the decline of the permanent revolution, 1870-1909
van Ree, E.
2012-01-01
This article discusses the development of German Social Democratic Party strategy in the fourth quarter of the nineteenth century and the first decade of the twentieth, as a result of the works of Friedrich Engels and Karl Kautsky. It ties the evolution of Marxist orthodoxy to the emergence of
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The modified Gauss diagonalization of polynomial matrices
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Saeed, K.
1982-10-01
The Gauss algorithm for diagonalization of constant matrices is modified for application to polynomial matrices. Due to this modification the diagonal elements become pure polynomials rather than rational functions. (author)
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Karl Konrad Grass jumalainimeste uurijana / Alar Laats
Laats, Alar
2006-01-01
Karl Konrad Grass oli 19. sajandil Dorpati keiserliku ülikooli usuteaduskonna Uue Testamendi õppejõud, kes tegeles hobi korras idakristluse (vene sektid) uurimisega. Tema peateoseks on uurimus "Die russischen Sekten". Ettekanne konverentsil 15.-16. aprill 2005. a.
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Noether symmetries in Gauss-Bonnet-teleparallel cosmology
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Capozziello, Salvatore [Universita' di Napoli' ' Federico II' ' , Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Dipartimento di Fisica ' ' E. Pancini' ' , Napoli (Italy); INFN Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Napoli (Italy); Gran Sasso Science Institute (INFN), L' Aquila (Italy); Tomsk State Pedagogical University, Tomsk (Russian Federation); De Laurentis, Mariafelicia [INFN Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Napoli (Italy); Tomsk State Pedagogical University, Tomsk (Russian Federation); Goethe University, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Frankfurt (Germany); Laboratory of Theoretical Cosmology, Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Tomsk (Russian Federation); Dialektopoulos, Konstantinos F. [Universita' di Napoli' ' Federico II' ' , Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Dipartimento di Fisica ' ' E. Pancini' ' , Napoli (Italy); INFN Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Napoli (Italy)
2016-11-15
A generalized teleparallel cosmological model, f(T{sub G},T), containing the torsion scalar T and the teleparallel counterpart of the Gauss-Bonnet topological invariant T{sub G}, is studied in the framework of the Noether symmetry approach. As f(G, R) gravity, where G is the Gauss-Bonnet topological invariant and R is the Ricci curvature scalar, exhausts all the curvature information that one can construct from the Riemann tensor, in the same way, f(T{sub G},T) contains all the possible information directly related to the torsion tensor. In this paper, we discuss how the Noether symmetry approach allows one to fix the form of the function f(T{sub G},T) and to derive exact cosmological solutions. (orig.)
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Het geweten van Duitsland : Friedrich Meinecke als pleitbezorger van het Duitse historisme
Krol, Reinbert Arnout
2013-01-01
The German historian Friedrich Meinecke (1862-1954) lived through all major political en intellectual events of modern Germany. The unification of Germany in 1871, the First World War, the ‘Crisis of Historicism’, the Weimar Republic, the Third Reich, the Second World War, and the subsequent
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A DIMENSÃO ECLESIAL DOS SACRAMENTOS SEGUNDO KARL RAHNER
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
P. Francisco Taborda
1976-01-01
Full Text Available Escrever sobre Karl Rahner já deixou de ser moda. Por isso mesmo vale a pena tentá-lo. Ultrapassados o entusiasmo novidadeiro e o ardor sectário, o estudo do teólogo alemão pode ser muito mais frutuo-so à reflexão teológica. Indubitavelmente — tenha-se sobre ele a opinião que for — Karl Rahner marcou profundamente a teologia católica, de cuja renovação entre os anos 50 e 70 de nosso século foi u m dos mais importantes fautores.
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An Assesment on the Three Worlds Theories of Karl Popper and Jürgen Habermas
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Vildan İyigüngör
2015-11-01
Full Text Available In this study, it is aimed to outline “three world theories” of Karl Popper and Jürgen Habermas comparatively. In this context, it is also aimed to assess Habermas’ critics as “positivist” to Karl Popper who is an opponent to positivism inside it and his abstraction on the “three world theory” under the influence of Karl Popper. The differences between their opinions stem from their main arguments about the methodology of natural and social sciences.
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Resurgence and hydrodynamic attractors in Gauss-Bonnet holography
Casalderrey-Solana, Jorge; Gushterov, Nikola I.; Meiring, Ben
2018-04-01
We study the convergence of the hydrodynamic series in the gravity dual of Gauss-Bonnet gravity in five dimensions with negative cosmological constant via holography. By imposing boost invariance symmetry, we find a solution to the Gauss-Bonnet equation of motion in inverse powers of the proper time, from which we can extract high order corrections to Bjorken flow for different values of the Gauss-Bonnet parameter λGB. As in all other known examples the gradient expansion is, at most, an asymptotic series which can be understood through applying the techniques of Borel-Padé summation. As expected from the behaviour of the quasi-normal modes in the theory, we observe that the singularities in the Borel plane of this series show qualitative features that interpolate between the infinitely strong coupling limit of N=4 Super Yang Mills theory and the expectation from kinetic theory. We further perform the Borel resummation to constrain the behaviour of hydrodynamic attractors beyond leading order in the hydrodynamic expansion. We find that for all values of λGB considered, the convergence of different initial conditions to the resummation and its hydrodynamization occur at large and comparable values of the pressure anisotropy.
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Märkmeid uusima Preisi tsensuuriinstruktsiooni kohta / Karl Marx
Marx, Karl
2000-01-01
Preisi uue (1841. aasta) tsensuuriinstruktsiooni tõusikliku vaimu vastuolust vana (1818. aasta) tsensuurimääruse ratsionalismiga. Moraali ja religiooni vastuolust. Vt. ka Ain Kaalepi artiklit "Veel Karl Marxist ja tsensuurist
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Composite Gauss-Legendre Quadrature with Error Control
Prentice, J. S. C.
2011-01-01
We describe composite Gauss-Legendre quadrature for determining definite integrals, including a means of controlling the approximation error. We compare the form and performance of the algorithm with standard Newton-Cotes quadrature. (Contains 1 table.)
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Large-Scale Influences on the Genesis of Tropical Cyclone Karl (2010)
Griffin, K.; Bosart, L. F.
2012-12-01
The events leading up to the genesis of Tropical Cyclone (TC) Karl (2010) provides a unique opportunity to examine the continuing problem of understanding tropical cyclogenesis. The PRE-Depression Investigation of Cloud-systems in the Tropics (PREDICT) field campaign allowed for detailed investigation of the tropical disturbance that served as the precursor to TC Karl as it progressed westward through the Caribbean Sea. The purpose of this presentation is to examine the evolution of the pre-Karl disturbance using both common synoptic-scale analyses as well as statistically-based equatorial wave analyses, focusing on where these analyses complement and enhance each other. One of the major factors in the initial spin-up of the pre-Karl tropical disturbance is a surge of southerly and westerly winds from northern South America on 8-10 September 2010. As the surge entered the Caribbean on 9 September, it aided in the formation of a nearly closed earth-relative cyclonic circulation near the southern Leeward Islands. This circulation weakened late on 10 September and remained weak through 13 September before increased organization led to TC genesis on 14 September. This southerly wind surge can be traced to a well-defined surge of anomalously cold air and enhanced southerly winds originating in the lee of the Argentinian Andes over a week prior. While the temperature anomalies wash out prior to reaching the equator, anomalous low-level winds progress into Colombia and Venezuela, where topography aids in turning the southerly winds eastward. An investigation of the pre-Karl environment utilizing wavenumber-frequency filtering techniques also suggests that the initial spin-up of pre-Karl can be associated with the active phase of a convectively coupled Kelvin wave (CCKW). The observed formation of the nearly closed cyclonic circulation on 10 September is well timed with the passage of anomalous westerly winds along and behind the convectively active phase of a CCKW. These
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[Georg Friedrich Nicolai: war physician against war].
van Bergen, L
2017-01-01
Georg Friedrich Nicolai was a German professor and heart specialist who was one of the few who protested against the war at the beginning of World War I. As a result, he lost his job and was convicted. After the war, right-wing nationalist students and lack of support from his university superiors made it impossible for him to teach. He left Germany in 1922, never to return. In his book, Die Biologie des Krieges (The Biology of War), which was published in neutral Switzerland in 1917, he contradicted the social Darwinist idea - supported by many physicians as well - that war strengthened humanity, people and races, physically and mentally. On the contrary, he argued, war is biologically counterproductive.
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Friedrich Dessauer's (1881-1963) contributions to the development of radiotherapy in Turkey
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Dinc, Gulten
2007-01-01
Famous physicist Friedrich Dessauer carried out innovative studies in the field of radiotherapy in Turkey where he took refuge escaping from the political situation in Germany before the Second World War. The paper deals with Dessauer's works for the establishment of a radiotherapy institute in Turkey and his contributions to this field
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A New Sum Analogous to Gauss Sums and Its Fourth Power Mean
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Shaofeng Ru
2014-01-01
Full Text Available The main purpose of this paper is to use the analytic methods and the properties of Gauss sums to study the computational problem of one kind of new sum analogous to Gauss sums and give an interesting fourth power mean and a sharp upper bound estimate for it.
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P-T phase diagram of a holographic s+p model from Gauss-Bonnet gravity
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Nie, Zhang-Yu; Zeng, Hui
2015-01-01
In this paper, we study the holographic s+p model in 5-dimensional bulk gravity with the Gauss-Bonnet term. We work in the probe limit and give the Δ-T phase diagrams at three different values of the Gauss-Bonnet coefficient to show the effect of the Gauss-Bonnet term. We also construct the P-T phase diagrams for the holographic system using two different definitions of the pressure and compare the results.
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Grassmannians and Gauss maps in piecewise-linear topology
Levitt, Norman
1989-01-01
The book explores the possibility of extending the notions of "Grassmannian" and "Gauss map" to the PL category. They are distinguished from "classifying space" and "classifying map" which are essentially homotopy-theoretic notions. The analogs of Grassmannian and Gauss map defined incorporate geometric and combinatorial information. Principal applications involve characteristic class theory, smoothing theory, and the existence of immersion satifying certain geometric criteria, e.g. curvature conditions. The book assumes knowledge of basic differential topology and bundle theory, including Hirsch-Gromov-Phillips theory, as well as the analogous theories for the PL category. The work should be of interest to mathematicians concerned with geometric topology, PL and PD aspects of differential geometry and the geometry of polyhedra.
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Balti Maailmanõukogu aktsioonid Helsingis 1975 / Karl Laantee
Laantee, Karl, 1927-2007
2006-01-01
1975. a. Helsingis peetud Euroopa Julgeoleku ja Koostöö Konverentsi Balti delegatsiooni liikme Karl Laantee tekst, mille ta esitas 4. augustil 1975 Balti Maailmanõukogu pressikonverentsil "Continental"hotellis Stockholmis Rootsi Eestlaste Esinduse pressiinfona
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Bessel–Gauss resonator with internal amplitude filter
CSIR Research Space (South Africa)
Litvin, IA
2008-05-01
Full Text Available The authors investigate a conventional resonator configuration, using only spherical curvature optical elements, for the generation of Bessel–Gauss beams. This is achieved through the deployment of a suitable amplitude filter at a Fourier plane...
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Research on atmospheric transmission distortion of Gauss laser using multiple phase screen method
Zhang, Yizhuo; Wang, Qiushi; Gu, Haidong
2018-02-01
The laser beam is attenuated, broadened, defocused and may even be deflected from its initial propagation direction as it propagates through the atmosphere. It leads to the decrease of the laser intensity of the receiving surface. Gauss beam is the fundamental components of all possible laser waveforms. Therefore, research on the transmission of the Gauss laser has far-reaching consequences in optical communication, weaponry, target designation, ranging, remote sensing and other applications that require transmission of laser beams through the atmosphere. In this paper, we propose a laboratory simulation method using multi-phase screen to calculate the effects of atmospheric turbulence. Theoretical analysis of Gauss laser transmission in the atmosphere is given. By calculating the propagation of the Gauss beam TEM00, the far field intensity and phase distribution is shown. By the given method, the optical setup is presented and used for optimizing the adaptive optics algorithm.
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Liu, Dajun; Wang, Guiqiu; Wang, Yaochuan
2018-01-01
Based on the Huygens-Fresnel integral and the relationship of Lorentz distribution and Hermite-Gauss function, the average intensity and coherence properties of a partially coherent Lorentz-Gauss beam propagating through oceanic turbulence have been investigated by using numerical examples. The influences of beam parameters and oceanic turbulence on the propagation properties are also discussed in details. It is shown that the partially coherent Lorentz-Gauss beam with smaller coherence length will spread faster in oceanic turbulence, and the stronger oceanic turbulence will accelerate the spreading of partially coherent Lorentz-Gauss beam in oceanic turbulence.
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A Derandomized Algorithm for RP-ADMM with Symmetric Gauss-Seidel Method
Xu, Jinchao; Xu, Kailai; Ye, Yinyu
2017-01-01
For multi-block alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM), where the objective function can be decomposed into multiple block components, we show that with block symmetric Gauss-Seidel iteration, the algorithm will converge quickly. The method will apply a block symmetric Gauss-Seidel iteration in the primal update and a linear correction that can be derived in view of Richard iteration. We also establish the linear convergence rate for linear systems.
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Indian Academy of Sciences (India)
6 Approach to Absolute Zero. 0.3 K to a Few Milli-Kelvin. 15 The Normal Distribution. From Binomial to ... The principles of thermodynamics determining the action ofthe 'Thirsty Bird' are discussed in the classroom section. Back Cover. Carl Friedrich Gauss 11777-18551. (illustration by Prema Iyerl. DEPARTMENTS. Editorial.
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[Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker's philosophy of the mind].
Lyre, Holger
2014-01-01
The paper deals with Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker's position within the philosophy of mind. It turns out that Weizsäcker's ontology is based on an unorthodox conception both in the philosophy of physics and in the philosophy of mind. His quantum information theoretic reductionism is based on a subtle combination of atomism and holism, his philosophy of mind connected to this is a neutral monism, which proposes a bold intertwining of mind, matter, and space.
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Zur Vor- und Entwicklungsgeschichte des Konzepts 'Ökosozialismus'
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Czeskleba-Dupont, Rolf; Tjaden, Karl Hermann
2013-01-01
Ordet 'økosocialisme' bruges først i anden halvdel af det 20.århundrede, men konceptet har en for- og udviklingshistorie igennem de moderne samfundsteorier. Det opstår, når rene socialutopier forlades og, som det sker hos Karl Marx og Friedrich Engels, der indgår en dybere dimension af...
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On Sensitivity of Gauss-Christoffel Quadrature
Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database
O'Leary, D.P.; Strakoš, Zdeněk; Tichý, Petr
2007-01-01
Roč. 107, č. 1 (2007), s. 147-174 ISSN 0029-599X R&D Projects: GA AV ČR 1ET400300415 Grant - others:NSF(US) CCR -0204084; NSF(US) CCF-0514213 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10300504 Keywords : Gauss-Christoffel quadrature * sensitivity * moments Subject RIV: BA - General Mathematics Impact factor: 1.376, year: 2007
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Galileo, Gauss, and the Green Monster
Kalman, Dan; Teague, Daniel J.
2013-01-01
Galileo dropped cannonballs from the leaning tower of Pisa to demonstrate something about falling bodies. Gauss was a giant of mathematics and physics who made unparalleled contributions to both fields. More contemporary (and not a person), the Green Monster is the left-field wall at the home of the Boston Red Sox, Fenway Park. Measuring 37 feet…
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Rotating black holes in dilatonic Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory.
Kleihaus, Burkhard; Kunz, Jutta; Radu, Eugen
2011-04-15
We construct generalizations of the Kerr black holes by including higher-curvature corrections in the form of the Gauss-Bonnet density coupled to the dilaton. We show that the domain of existence of these Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet-dilaton (EGBD) black holes is bounded by the Kerr black holes, the critical EGBD black holes, and the singular extremal EGBD solutions. The angular momentum of the EGBD black holes can exceed the Kerr bound. The EGBD black holes satisfy a generalized Smarr relation. We also compare their innermost stable circular orbits with those of the Kerr black holes and show the existence of differences which might be observable in astrophysical systems.
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The Gauss-Bonnet identity in quartic gravitation theories
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Gomes, M.
1989-01-01
The possible modifications in Gauss-Bonnet relation due to quantum oscillations are studied. The introduction of quantum operator correspondent in the function of two points, in space without singularities is calculated. (M.C.K.)
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Karl A. Gschneidner Jr (1930–2016)
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Pecharsky, Vitalij K.
2016-01-01
Presented here is the obituary for Karl Albert Gschneidner Jr. He died on 27 April 2016. Nicknamed Mr Rare Earth, he holds an unparalleled place as the renowned authority in just about every aspect related to the science, technology and history of a very special family of elements — the rare earths.
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"...At lade hæren marchere, heste trampe og kanoner buldre"
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Rasmussen, Palle
2012-01-01
Karl Marx og Friedrich Engels fulgte opmærksomt med i de økonomiske og politiske udviklinger i deres samtid. Det gjaldt også konflikterne mellem Danmark og Tyskland om det slesvigske spørgsmål og krigen om dette i 1864. De publicerede ikke meget om denne konflikt, men diskuterede den i deres priv...
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Anton Grams dem Gustav Friedrich Wilhelm Großmann: Mozart schreibe eine neue Oper
Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database
Jonášová, Milada
2016-01-01
Roč. 53, č. 1 (2016), s. 29-53 ISSN 0018-7003 R&D Projects: GA ČR GAP409/12/2563 Institutional support: RVO:68378076 Keywords : Mozart * 1786 * letter * Anton Grams * Gustav Friedrich Wilhelm Großmann Subject RIV: AL - Art, Architecture, Cultural Heritage
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Maximum entropy estimation via Gauss-LP quadratures
Thély, Maxime; Sutter, Tobias; Mohajerin Esfahani, P.; Lygeros, John; Dochain, Denis; Henrion, Didier; Peaucelle, Dimitri
2017-01-01
We present an approximation method to a class of parametric integration problems that naturally appear when solving the dual of the maximum entropy estimation problem. Our method builds up on a recent generalization of Gauss quadratures via an infinite-dimensional linear program, and utilizes a
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State space orderings for Gauss-Seidel in Markov chains revisited
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Dayar, T. [Bilkent Univ., Ankara (Turkey)
1996-12-31
Symmetric state space orderings of a Markov chain may be used to reduce the magnitude of the subdominant eigenvalue of the (Gauss-Seidel) iteration matrix. Orderings that maximize the elemental mass or the number of nonzero elements in the dominant term of the Gauss-Seidel splitting (that is, the term approximating the coefficient matrix) do not necessarily converge faster. An ordering of a Markov chain that satisfies Property-R is semi-convergent. On the other hand, there are semi-convergent symmetric state space orderings that do not satisfy Property-R. For a given ordering, a simple approach for checking Property-R is shown. An algorithm that orders the states of a Markov chain so as to increase the likelihood of satisfying Property-R is presented. The computational complexity of the ordering algorithm is less than that of a single Gauss-Seidel iteration (for sparse matrices). In doing all this, the aim is to gain an insight for faster converging orderings. Results from a variety of applications improve the confidence in the algorithm.
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Gauss-Bonnet actions and their dimensionally reduced descendants
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Mueller-Hoissen, F.
1989-01-01
A brief introduction to Gauss-Bonnet type generalizations of the Einstein-Hilbert gravity action in more than four dimensions is given and the structure of associated (effective) theories obtained by dimensional reduction is discussed. (author)
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Phase space of modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Carloni, Sante [Universidade de Lisboa-UL, Centro Multidisciplinar de Astrofisica-CENTRA, Instituto Superior Tecnico-IST, Lisbon (Portugal); Mimoso, Jose P. [Instituto de Astrofisica e Ciencias do Espaco, Universidade de Lisboa, Departamento de Fisica, Faculdade de Ciencias, Lisbon (Portugal)
2017-08-15
We investigate the evolution of non-vacuum Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) spacetimes with any spatial curvature in the context of Gauss-Bonnet gravity. The analysis employs a new method which enables us to explore the phase space of any specific theory of this class. We consider several examples, discussing the transition from a decelerating into an acceleration universe within these theories. We also deduce from the dynamical equations some general conditions on the form of the action which guarantee the presence of specific behaviours like the emergence of accelerated expansion. As in f(R) gravity, our analysis shows that there is a set of initial conditions for which these models have a finite time singularity which can be an attractor. The presence of this instability also in the Gauss-Bonnet gravity is to be ascribed to the fourth-order derivative in the field equations, i.e., is the direct consequence of the higher order of the equations. (orig.)
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Energy conditions in modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Garcia, Nadiezhda Montelongo; Harko, Tiberiu; Lobo, Francisco S. N.; Mimoso, Jose P.
2011-01-01
In considering alternative higher-order gravity theories, one is liable to be motivated in pursuing models consistent and inspired by several candidates of a fundamental theory of quantum gravity. Indeed, motivations from string/M theory predict that scalar field couplings with the Gauss-Bonnet invariant, G, are important in the appearance of nonsingular early time cosmologies. In this work, we discuss the viability of an interesting alternative gravitational theory, namely, modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity or f(G) gravity. We consider specific realistic forms of f(G) analyzed in the literature that account for the late-time cosmic acceleration and that have been found to cure the finite-time future singularities present in the dark energy models. We present the general inequalities imposed by the energy conditions and use the recent estimated values of the Hubble, deceleration, jerk and snap parameters to examine the viability of the above-mentioned forms of f(G) imposed by the weak energy condition.
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1st Karl Schwarzschild Meeting on Gravitational Physics
Kaminski, Matthias; Mureika, Jonas; Bleicher, Marcus
2016-01-01
These proceedings collect the selected contributions of participants of the First Karl Schwarzschild Meeting on Gravitational Physics, held in Frankfurt, Germany to celebrate the 140th anniversary of Schwarzschild's birth. They are grouped into 4 main themes: I. The Life and Work of Karl Schwarzschild; II. Black Holes in Classical General Relativity, Numerical Relativity, Astrophysics, Cosmology, and Alternative Theories of Gravity; III. Black Holes in Quantum Gravity and String Theory; IV. Other Topics in Contemporary Gravitation. Inspired by the foundational principle ``By acknowledging the past, we open a route to the future", the week-long meeting, envisioned as a forum for exchange between scientists from all locations and levels of education, drew participants from 15 countries across 4 continents. In addition to plenary talks from leading researchers, a special focus on young talent was provided, a feature underlined by the Springer Prize for the best student and junior presentations.
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Some Educational Implications of Karl Marx's Communism
Hellerich, Gert
1970-01-01
According to the expressed ideas of Karl Marx, education should be viewed as a means to develop a person's whole potential and to make him a better human being. It is his contention that in a capitalist society, the educational process causes misery and exists solely to further entrench the power of the rich. (CK)
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Eikonal instability of Gauss-Bonnet-(anti-)-de Sitter black holes
Konoplya, R. A.; Zhidenko, A.
2017-05-01
Here we have shown that asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes in the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (GB) theory are unstable under linear perturbations of space-time in some region of parameters. This (eikonal) instability develops at high multipole numbers. We found the exact parametric regions of the eikonal instability and extended this consideration to asymptotically flat and de Sitter cases. The approach to the threshold of instability is driven by purely imaginary quasinormal modes, which are similar to those found recently in Grozdanov, Kaplis, and Starinets, [J. High Energy Phys. 07 (2016) 151, 10.1007/JHEP07(2016)151] for the higher curvature corrected black hole with the planar horizon. The found instability may indicate limits of holographic applicability of the GB-AdS backgrounds. Recently, through the analysis of critical behavior in AdS space-time in the presence of the Gauss-Bonnet term, it was shown [Deppe et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 071102 (2015), 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.071102], that, if the total energy content of the AdS space-time is small, then no black holes can be formed with mass less than some critical value. A similar mass gap was also found when considering collapse of mass shells in asymptotically flat Gauss-Bonnet theories [Frolov, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 051102 (2015), 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.051102]. The found instability of all sufficiently small Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet-AdS, dS and asymptotically flat black holes may explain the existing mass gaps in their formation.
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Convergence and Applications of a Gossip-Based Gauss-Newton Algorithm
Li, Xiao; Scaglione, Anna
2013-11-01
The Gauss-Newton algorithm is a popular and efficient centralized method for solving non-linear least squares problems. In this paper, we propose a multi-agent distributed version of this algorithm, named Gossip-based Gauss-Newton (GGN) algorithm, which can be applied in general problems with non-convex objectives. Furthermore, we analyze and present sufficient conditions for its convergence and show numerically that the GGN algorithm achieves performance comparable to the centralized algorithm, with graceful degradation in case of network failures. More importantly, the GGN algorithm provides significant performance gains compared to other distributed first order methods.
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Note on inflation with a tachyon rolling on the Gauss-Bonnet brane
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Paul, B.C.; Sami, M.
2004-01-01
In this paper we study the tachyonic inflation in brane world cosmology with Gauss-Bonnet term in the bulk. We obtain the exact solution of slow roll equations in case of exponential potential. We attempt to implement the proposal of J. E. Lidsey and N. J. Nunes [Phys. Rev. D 67, 103510 (2003)] for the tachyon condensate rolling on the Gauss-Bonnet brane and discuss the difficulties associated with the proposal
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Kes oli rännumees Karl Feyerabend? / Urmas Sutrop
Sutrop, Urmas, 1956-
2001-01-01
Feyerabend, Karl. Kosmopolitische Wanderungen durch Preussen, Curland, Liefland, Litthauen, Vollhynien, Podolien und Schlesien, in der jahren 1795 bis 1798. In Briefen an einen Freund. Bd. 3. 1801. Eestile on pühendatud reisiraamatu 40. kiri
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Robust structural optimization using Gauss-type quadrature formula
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Lee, Sang Hoon; Seo, Ki Seog; Chen, Shikui; Chen, Wei
2009-01-01
In robust design, the mean and variance of design performance are frequently used to measure the design performance and its robustness under uncertainties. In this paper, we present the Gauss-type quadrature formula as a rigorous method for mean and variance estimation involving arbitrary input distributions and further extend its use to robust design optimization. One dimensional Gauss-type quadrature formula are constructed from the input probability distributions and utilized in the construction of multidimensional quadrature formula such as the Tensor Product Quadrature (TPQ) formula and the Univariate Dimension Reduction (UDR) method. To improve the efficiency of using it for robust design optimization, a semi-analytic design sensitivity analysis with respect to the statistical moments is proposed. The proposed approach is applied to a simple bench mark problems and robust topology optimization of structures considering various types of uncertainty.
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Robust structural optimization using Gauss-type quadrature formula
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Lee, Sang Hoon; Seo, Ki Seog [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of); Chen, Shikui; Chen, Wei [Northwestern University, Illinois (United States)
2009-07-01
In robust design, the mean and variance of design performance are frequently used to measure the design performance and its robustness under uncertainties. In this paper, we present the Gauss-type quadrature formula as a rigorous method for mean and variance estimation involving arbitrary input distributions and further extend its use to robust design optimization. One dimensional Gauss-type quadrature formula are constructed from the input probability distributions and utilized in the construction of multidimensional quadrature formula such as the Tensor Product Quadrature (TPQ) formula and the Univariate Dimension Reduction (UDR) method. To improve the efficiency of using it for robust design optimization, a semi-analytic design sensitivity analysis with respect to the statistical moments is proposed. The proposed approach is applied to a simple bench mark problems and robust topology optimization of structures considering various types of uncertainty.
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Robust Structural Optimization Using Gauss-type Quadrature Formula
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Lee, Sang Hoon; Seo, Ki Seog; Chen, Shikui; Chen, Wei [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)
2009-08-15
In robust design, the mean and variance of design performance are frequently used to measure the design performance and its robustness under uncertainties. In this paper, we present the Gauss-type quadrature formula as a rigorous method for mean and variance estimation involving arbitrary input distributions and further extend its use to robust design optimization. One dimensional Gauss-type quadrature formula are constructed from the input probability distributions and utilized in the construction of multidimensional quadrature formula such as the tensor product quadrature (TPQ) formula and the univariate dimension reduction (UDR) method. To improve the efficiency of using it for robust design optimization, a semi-analytic design sensitivity analysis with respect to the statistical moments is proposed. The proposed approach is applied to a simple bench mark problems and robust topology optimization of structures considering various types of uncertainty.
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Robust Structural Optimization Using Gauss-type Quadrature Formula
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Lee, Sang Hoon; Seo, Ki Seog; Chen, Shikui; Chen, Wei
2009-01-01
In robust design, the mean and variance of design performance are frequently used to measure the design performance and its robustness under uncertainties. In this paper, we present the Gauss-type quadrature formula as a rigorous method for mean and variance estimation involving arbitrary input distributions and further extend its use to robust design optimization. One dimensional Gauss-type quadrature formula are constructed from the input probability distributions and utilized in the construction of multidimensional quadrature formula such as the tensor product quadrature (TPQ) formula and the univariate dimension reduction (UDR) method. To improve the efficiency of using it for robust design optimization, a semi-analytic design sensitivity analysis with respect to the statistical moments is proposed. The proposed approach is applied to a simple bench mark problems and robust topology optimization of structures considering various types of uncertainty
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The Gauss-Seidel Numerical Procedure for Markov Stochastic Games
National Research Council Canada - National Science Library
Kushner, Harold J
2004-01-01
.... The convergence of the Gauss-Seidel form of this procedure is shown for both the discounted and ergodic cost problems, under appropriate conditions, with extensions to problems where one stops...
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Extremal dyonic black holes in D=4 Gauss-Bonnet gravity
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Chen, C.-M.; Gal'tsov, Dmitri V.; Orlov, Dmitry G.
2008-01-01
We investigate extremal dyon black holes in the Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory with higher curvature corrections in the form of the Gauss-Bonnet density coupled to the dilaton. In the same theory without the Gauss-Bonnet term the extremal dyon solutions exist only for discrete values of the dilaton coupling constant a. We show that the Gauss-Bonnet term acts as a dyon hair tonic enlarging the allowed values of a to continuous domains in the plane (a,q m ) where q m is the magnetic charge. In the limit of the vanishing curvature coupling (a large magnetic charge) the dyon solutions obtained tend to the Reissner-Nordstroem solution but not to the extremal dyons of the Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory. Both solutions have the same dependence of the horizon radius in terms of charges. The entropy of new dyonic black holes interpolates between the Bekenstein-Hawking value in the limit of the large magnetic charge (equivalent to the vanishing Gauss-Bonnet coupling) and twice this value for the vanishing magnetic charge. Although an expression for the entropy can be obtained analytically using purely local near-horizon solutions, its interpretation as the black hole entropy is legitimate only once the global black hole solution is known to exist, and we obtain numerically the corresponding conditions on the parameters. Thus, a purely local analysis is insufficient to fully understand the entropy of the curvature-corrected black holes. We also find dyon solutions which are not asymptotically flat, but approach the linear dilaton background at infinity. They describe magnetic black holes on the electric linear dilaton background.
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Overcoming state within the Friedrich Nietzsche’s irrational approach
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
A. F. Zakharchuk
2014-10-01
Full Text Available The article analyzes the views of Nietzsche on the nature and significance of the state in the context of socio-political issues. Examines how the criticism of Nietzsche for the state’s phenomenon is related to his irrational approach to the socio-political sphere, and therefore also raises the question of the possibility of attracting these Friedrich Nietzsche’s ideas regarding the institution of the state to understanding contemporary socio-political processes. For the disclosure of the above tasks in the work undertaken analysis of the Friedrich Nietzsche’s ideas in terms of their correlation with some general philosophical ideas of the German philosopher. In particular understanding of Nietzsche role of the state has been analyzed in the context of ideas like the idea of a hierarchical society, the idea of the superman, the idea of true morality. These ideas go beyond the purely social and philosophical beliefs of the thinker, but they are essential for understanding the logic and purposes of the consideration of the Nietzschean idea of the state. These ideas have been analyzed in the study mainly critically, in particular given the Nietzsche’s controversial assessment of state as a negative phenomenon and situational positive assessment of the state’s role. It is noted that this duality of Nietzsche in this issue is just due to the formulation of more general philosophical problems then was stated above. At the same time, the work focuses on the possibility of positive reading Nietzsche’s position on the state, which is associated with the idea of the free will of the individual opposed to the dictates of the enslaved majority.
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The Power of Prevention: Dr. Karl Augustus Menninger.
Gillogly, Robert R.
1993-01-01
This issue's "Voices of Pioneers" segment features the work of Karl Menninger, pre-eminent psychiatrist, and his contributions to prison reform, mental health, and child care systems. Notes many of Menninger's books and writings, including relevant quotes throughout the article. Also describes Menninger's concern over the plight of…
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Karl Kolbenheyer (1841–1901 – teacher, naturalist, tourist
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Stefan Witold Alexandrowicz
2017-12-01
Full Text Available Karl Kolbenheyer was born on May 28, 1841 in Bielsko. After attending a lower secondary school in Cieszyn, he began studies in classical languages (Greek and Latin at universities in Vienna and Jena, then he worked as a teacher in lower secondary schools in Lewocza, Cieszyn, and Bielsko. The research he undertook included botanical studies, measurements of absolute elevation, and meteorological observations in the Western Beskids as well as in the Tatra Mountains. The results of the studies were printed in German, Austrian, Polish, and Hungarian publications. He found species of plants not known earlier to exist in the area of Cieszyn and Bielsko. The measurements of elevations he made of characteristic points of landscape (more than 500 were used for cartographic purposes. From 1866 on, he was a member of Physiographic Commission of Kraków Scientific Society, and later of the Academy of Arts and Sciences, which financially supported his field work. Karl Kolbenheyer was one of the founders of the Beskidenverein – a German tourist organisation – and managed its branch in Bielsko. He prepared two tourist guides: the guide to Tatra Mountains – Die hohe Tatra (ten editions, and to the Beskids – Führer durch die Beskiden… (two editions. These guides contributed to the remarkable propagation of tourism. Karl Kolbenheyer died on February 1, 1901, and was buried at the Old Evangelical Cemetery in Bielsko.
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Karl Timoleon v. Neff / Carl Christian Vogel von Vogelstein
Vogel von Vogelstein, Carl Christian, 1788-1868
2004-01-01
"Ruskii Bibliofil", 1912, nr. 4, lk. 34; fotol tekst: "Piano di Sorrento, Villa Pisani, 20. Juli 1843". Neffi käega kirjutatud: "Karl Timoleon v. Neff geboren in Pühs in Estland im Jahre 1804 d. 2. October"
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Karl Raimund Popper: Problem Neopositivistik dan Teori Kritis Falsifikasi
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
M. Syamsul Huda
2014-01-01
Full Text Available Karl Popper once criticizes the positivistic paradigm by means of what he calls the theory of falsification. To him, the positivistic paradigm constitutes a failure simply because it cannot distinguish between science and prude science, that is, between empirical method and non-empirical method. In the scientific knowledge, empirical science, mathematics and logic must be differentiated, something that the positivistic paradigm has failed to do. This paradigm furthermore, did not have a clear picture what logic-based science is, empirical knowledge and psychology of knowledge. It also fails to properly understand knowledge that springs from tradition, emotion, authority and so forth. All positivistic paradigms such as that of Karl Max’s Historicism, Freud’s theory of Psycho Analysis, Adler’s theory of Individual Analysis and Newton’s theory of Gravitation fall into this trap of failure.
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Cylindrically polarized Bessel–Gauss beams
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Madhi, Daena; Aiello, Andrea; Ornigotti, Marco
2015-01-01
We present a study of radially and azimuthally polarized Bessel–Gauss (BG) beams in both the paraxial and nonparaxial regime. We discuss the validity of the paraxial approximation and the form of the nonparaxial corrections for BG beams. We show that independently on the ratio between the Bessel aperture cone angle ϑ 0 and the Gaussian beam divergence θ 0 , the nonparaxial corrections are alway very small and therefore negligible. The explicit expressions for the nonparaxial vector electric field components are also reported. (paper)
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Schmidt-Kaler, Theodor
Professionalization is characteristic for physics and astronomy since 1830, and forms the basis for their rapid evolution in the 20th century. Karl Schwarzschild's contributions to professionalization of astronomy are presented: the introduction of course lectures in a repeating cycle, a permanent astrophysical laboratory, a tight connection between teaching and research, simulations and suggestions for astronomy at high schools and for the training of high school teachers, an interest in international organisation, and the initiative and planning of a southern observatory.
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Schmidt-Kaler, Theodor
Karl Schwarzschild (1873-1916), perhaps the most eminent astronomer of his time, was professor at Göttingen University from 1901 to 1909. Three of his lectures from the years 1904 to 1906 are available in the form of copy-books written by his students Arnold Kohlschütter (1883-1969) and Max Born (1882-1970). Here, an overview of these lectures is given.
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Effects of backreaction on power-Maxwell holographic superconductors in Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Salahi, Hamid Reza; Montakhab, Afshin [Shiraz University, Physics Department and Biruni Observatory, College of Sciences, Shiraz (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Sheykhi, Ahmad [Shiraz University, Physics Department and Biruni Observatory, College of Sciences, Shiraz (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Research Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics of Maragha (RIAAM), P.O. Box 55134-441, Maragha (Iran, Islamic Republic of)
2016-10-15
We analytically and numerically investigate the properties of s-wave holographic superconductors by considering the effects of scalar and gauge fields on the background geometry in five-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity. We assume the gauge field to be in the form of the power-Maxwell nonlinear electrodynamics. We employ the Sturm-Liouville eigenvalue problem for analytical calculation of the critical temperature and the shooting method for the numerical investigation. Our numerical and analytical results indicate that higher curvature corrections affect condensation of the holographic superconductors with backreaction. We observe that the backreaction can decrease the critical temperature of the holographic superconductors, while the power-Maxwell electrodynamics and Gauss-Bonnet coefficient term may increase the critical temperature of the holographic superconductors. We find that the critical exponent has the mean-field value β = 1/2, regardless of the values of Gauss-Bonnet coefficient, backreaction and power-Maxwell parameters. (orig.)
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Gravitational quasinormal modes of static Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet anti-de Sitter black holes
Ma, Hong; Li, Jin
2018-04-01
In this paper, we describe quasinormal modes (QNMs) for gravitational perturbations of Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet black holes (BHs) in higher dimensional spacetimes, and derive the corresponding parameters of such black holes in three types of spacetime (flat, de Sitter (dS) and anti-de Sitter (AdS)). Our attention is concentrated on discussing the (in)stability of Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet AdS BHs through the temporal evolution of all types of gravitational perturbation fields (tensor, vector and scalar). It is concluded that the potential functions in vector and scalar gravitational perturbations have negative regions, which suppress quasinormal ringing. Furthermore, the influences of the Gauss-Bonnet coupling parameter α, the number of dimensions n and the angular momentum quantum number l on the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet AdS BHs quasinormal spectrum are analyzed. The QNM frequencies have greater oscillation and lower damping rate with the growth of α. This indicates that QNM frequencies become increasingly unstable with large α. Meanwhile, the dynamic evolutions of the perturbation field are compliant with the results of computation from the Horowitz and Hubeny method. Because the number of extra dimensions is connected with the string scale, the relationship between α and properties of Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet AdS BHs might be beneficial for the exploitation of string theory and extra-dimensional brane worlds. Supported by FAPESP (2012/08934-0), National Natural Science Foundation of China (11205254, 11178018, 11375279, 11605015), the Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC (2011BB0052), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (106112016CDJXY300002, 106112017CDJXFLX0014, CDJRC10300003)
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hts 63_4_ vanwyk natie karl barth 2007 _outeur
African Journals Online (AJOL)
p1243322
Karl Barth's dogmatics is a theology of the Second Article of the Creed .... his theology: • According to Barth, ethics is the teaching of God's command (Gebot). ...... Americanism in the form of religious show business is threatening to destroy our ...
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Understanding Gauss's Law Using Spreadsheets
Baird, William H.
2013-01-01
Some of the results from the electrostatics portion of introductory physics are particularly difficult for students to understand and/or believe. For students who have yet to take vector calculus, Gauss's law is far from obvious and may seem more difficult than Coulomb's. When these same students are told that the minimum potential…
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Large parameter cases of the Gauss hypergeometric function
N.M. Temme (Nico)
2002-01-01
textabstractWe consider the asymptotic behaviour of the Gauss hypergeometric function when several of the parameters {it a, b, c} are large. We indicate which cases are of interest for orthogonal polynomials (Jacobi, but also Meixner, Krawtchouk, etc.), which results are already available and
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Collapsing spherical star in Scalar-Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with a quadratic coupling
Chakrabarti, Soumya
2018-04-01
We study the evolution of a self interacting scalar field in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory in four dimension where the scalar field couples non minimally with the Gauss-Bonnet term. Considering a polynomial coupling of the scalar field with the Gauss-Bonnet term, a self-interaction potential and an additional perfect fluid distribution alongwith the scalar field, we investigate different possibilities regarding the outcome of the collapsing scalar field. The strength of the coupling and choice of the self-interaction potential serves as the pivotal initial conditions of the models presented. The high degree of non-linearity in the equation system is taken care off by using a method of invertibe point transformation of anharmonic oscillator equation, which has proven itself very useful in recent past while investigating dynamics of minimally coupled scalar fields.
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Impossible Geometric Constructions: A Calculus Writing Project
Awtrey, Chad
2013-01-01
This article discusses a writing project that offers students the opportunity to solve one of the most famous geometric problems of Greek antiquity; namely, the impossibility of trisecting the angle [pi]/3. Along the way, students study the history of Greek geometry problems as well as the life and achievements of Carl Friedrich Gauss. Included is…
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The Wartime Success of Karl Shapiro's V-Letter
Oostdijk, D.M.
2006-01-01
The American soldier-poet Karl Shapiro won the Pulitzer Prize for V-Letter and Other Poems (1944), making him an instant celebrity. The volume was written while he was stationed in Australia and New Guinea during World War II. Shaprio sent the completed poems to his fiancée, Evalyn Katz, who edited
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Kõne EV aastapäeva aktusel / Karl Altau
Altau, Karl Stephen, 1959-
2006-01-01
Läti kirikus peetud Eesti Vabariigi aastapäeva aktusel rääkis Karl Altau Ühendatud Balti Ameerika Komitee nimel kommunismi ohvrite mälestussamba ehitamise alustamisest Washingtoni kesklinna 2006. aastal, koostööst kõigi baltlaste vahel ja võimalusest annetada, üleskutsest toetada Valgevene rahvast teel demokraatiale
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Twee vroeë reaksies van Gereformeerde kant op Karl Barth
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
B. J. Engelbrecht
1986-06-01
Full Text Available In 1919 het die eerste uitgawe van die epogmakende “Romerbrief” van Karl Barth verskyn. Van die tweede druk in 1922 sê hy dat “kein Stein mehr auf dem andem” gelaat is nie. So opspraakwekkend was hierdie boek dat in 1929 die 5de druk van die tweede, radikaal-hersiene uitgawe verskyn het. Intussen het nog ander werke van Barth en selfs oor Barth verskyn. 0ns noem o.a. sy Der Christ in der Gesellschaft (1920; Das Wort Gottes und die Theologie (1924; Vom Christlichen Leben (1926; Auferstehung der Toten (2. Aufl. 1927, sy preke saam met Eduard Thurneysen Komm Schopfer Geist, (Dritt Aufl., 7-9 Tausend(! 1926. Maar 1927 was veral belangrik vanweë die verskyning van Barth se eerste Dogmatiekboek: “Die Christliche Dogmatik im Entwurf. 1 Die Lehre vom Worte Gottes. Prolegomena zur Christlichen Dogmatik” . Voor dié datum het dwarsoor die wêreld, maar ook in Nederland wye reaksie op sy teologie ontstaan. In 1926 skryf Max Strauch sy “Theologie Karl Barth’s”, terwyl Haitjema in Nederland ook in 1926 sy Barth boek die lig laat sien (Prof. dr. Th. L. Haitjema, Karl Barth, Wageningen 1926. Ander Nederlanders wat gereageer het, was drr. A. H. de Hartog, V. Hepp, Ph. Kohnstamm en di. D. Tromp en 0. Noordmans.
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Karl Popper at ninety: Highlights of a lifelong intellectual quest
Selleri, Franco; van der Merwe, Alwyn
1991-12-01
On the occasion of his ninetieth birthday, Karl Popper's lifelong pursuit of answers in several areas of scientific and philosophical thinking is briefly traced, mainly with reference to excerpts from his own writings.
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Quintessence background for 5D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet black holes
Ghosh, Sushant G.; Amir, Muhammed; Maharaj, Sunil D.
2017-08-01
As we know that the Lovelock theory is an extension of the general relativity to the higher-dimensions, in this theory the first- and the second-order terms correspond to general relativity and the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity, respectively. We obtain a 5D black hole solution in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity surrounded by the quintessence matter, and we also analyze their thermodynamical properties. Owing to the quintessence corrected black hole, the thermodynamic quantities have also been corrected except for the black hole entropy, and a phase transition is achievable. The phase transition for the thermodynamic stability is characterized by a discontinuity in the specific heat at r=r_C, with the stable (unstable) branch for r ) r_C.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Julio Cesar Rodrigues Pereira
2010-12-01
Full Text Available This article discusses the main elements of the epistemology of human sciences of Karl Popper. It was organized as follows. First, we positioned ourselves in the Popper-Adorno controversy. Then weestablished the parameters of discussion, particularly in regards to the idea of “scientific explanation”. Some elements of Popper’s Theory of Knowledge are then analyzed. The final part discusses thescientific parameters of Social Sciences.Este artigo discute os principais elementos da epistemologia das ciências humanas de Karl Popper. Foi organizado como segue. Em primeiro lugar, nos posionamos sobre a polêmica Popper-Adorno. Então, nós estabelecemos os parâmetros de discussão, nomeadamente no que respeita a idéia de "explicação científica". A seguir são analisados alguns elementos da Teoria do Conhecimento de Popper. A parte final discute os parâmetros científicos de Ciências Sociais
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Nonparaxial Bessel and Bessel–Gauss pincers light-sheets
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Mitri, F.G., E-mail: F.G.Mitri@ieee.org
2017-01-23
Highlights: • Bessel and Bessel–Gauss autofocusing light sheets (i.e. beams in 2D) are developed. • The light-sheets are synthesized based on the angular spectrum decomposition method. • Computations of the scattering, radiation force and torque benefit from the solutions. - Abstract: Nonparaxial optical Bessel and Bessel–Gauss pincers optical-sheets are introduced based upon the angular spectrum decomposition in plane waves. The angular spectrum function and the beam-shape coefficients are expressed by means of improper integrals computed numerically. The radiated component of the electric field is also evaluated, displaying unique features of the nonparaxial Bessel pincers light-sheets. This new type of auto-focusing light-sheets finds potential applications in the development of novel methods in optical light-sheet tweezers for particle manipulation in opto-fluidics, particle sizing and imaging. Numerical predictions for the scattering, radiation force and torque, and particle dynamics also benefit from the developed beam solution.
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Nonparaxial Bessel and Bessel–Gauss pincers light-sheets
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Mitri, F.G.
2017-01-01
Highlights: • Bessel and Bessel–Gauss autofocusing light sheets (i.e. beams in 2D) are developed. • The light-sheets are synthesized based on the angular spectrum decomposition method. • Computations of the scattering, radiation force and torque benefit from the solutions. - Abstract: Nonparaxial optical Bessel and Bessel–Gauss pincers optical-sheets are introduced based upon the angular spectrum decomposition in plane waves. The angular spectrum function and the beam-shape coefficients are expressed by means of improper integrals computed numerically. The radiated component of the electric field is also evaluated, displaying unique features of the nonparaxial Bessel pincers light-sheets. This new type of auto-focusing light-sheets finds potential applications in the development of novel methods in optical light-sheet tweezers for particle manipulation in opto-fluidics, particle sizing and imaging. Numerical predictions for the scattering, radiation force and torque, and particle dynamics also benefit from the developed beam solution.
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Vinterbo-Hohr, Aagot; Hohr, Hansjorg
2006-01-01
Friedrich Schiller (1759-1805), German poet, dramatist, philosopher and publisher, was a prominent contributor to the educational neo-humanistic concept of Bildung at the threshold to Romanticism. Schiller assigns a pivotal role to the aesthetic education arguing that aesthetic activity reconciles sensuousness and reason and thereby creates the…
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Nonparaxial propagation of Lorentz-Gauss beams in uniaxial crystal orthogonal to the optical axis.
Wang, Xun; Liu, Zhirong; Zhao, Daomu
2014-04-01
Analytical expressions for the three components of nonparaxial propagation of a polarized Lorentz-Gauss beam in uniaxial crystal orthogonal to the optical axis are derived and used to investigate its propagation properties in uniaxial crystal. The influences of the initial beam parameters and the parameters of the uniaxial crystal on the evolution of the beam-intensity distribution in the uniaxial crystal are examined in detail. Results show that the statistical properties of a nonparaxial Lorentz-Gauss beam in a uniaxial crystal orthogonal to the optical axis are closely determined by the initial beam's parameters and the parameters of the crystal: the beam waist sizes-w(0), w(0x), and w(0y)-not only affect the size and shape of the beam profile in uniaxial crystal but also determine the nonparaxial effect of a Lorentz-Gauss beam; the beam profile of a Lorentz-Gauss beam in uniaxial crystal is elongated in the x or y direction, which is determined by the ratio of the extraordinary refractive index to the ordinary refractive index; with increasing deviation of the ratio from unity, the extension of the beam profile augments. The results indicate that uniaxial crystal provides an effective and convenient method for modulating the Lorentz-Gauss beams. Our results may be valuable in some fields, such as optical trapping and nonlinear optics, where a light beam with a special profile and polarization is required.
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Sazonov, Vladimir, 1979-
2013-01-01
Arvustus: Briefe aus dem Morgenland - Otto Friedrich von Richters Forschungsreise in den Jahren 1814-1816, hrsg. von Indrek Jürjo, Sergei Stadnikov, Hamburger Beiträge zur Geschichte des östlichen Europa, Bd. 20. Hamburg: Verlag Dr. Kovač 2013, 313 lk.
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KARL RAHNER, UM INQUIETO TEÓLOGO ECUMÊNICO
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Mario de França Miranda
2004-01-01
Full Text Available O artigo apresenta, em grandes linhas, o pensamento ecumênico de Karl Rahner. No novo contexto aberto pelo Concílio Vaticano II, este teólogo defronta-se com as dificuldades de cunho sociocultural, doutrinário e institucional, que dividem as Igrejas cristãs. Enfatizando a centralidade da fé em Jesus Cristo, vivida com autenticidade, pleiteia uma única Igreja Católica, na qual estejam presentes, com sua rica diversidade, as demais Igrejas. Suas reflexões se revelam pertinentes para as Igrejas cristãs na América Latina. ABSTRACT: This article presents Karl Rahner’s ecumenical views. With the new context introduced by the Vatican Council II, Rahner faces the social-cultural, doctrinal and institutional difficulties dividing the Christian Churches. Rahner emphasizes the centrality of faith in Jesus Christ lived with authenticity, and proposes one Catholic Church in which the other Churches may be present with their rich diversity. His reflections are revealed as pertinent to the Christian Churches in Latin America
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Generation of J_0-Bessel-Gauss beam by a heterogeneous refractive index map
San Roman Alerigi, Damian
2012-07-01
In this paper, we present the theoretical studies of a refractive index map to implement a Gauss to a J0-Bessel-Gauss convertor. We theoretically demonstrate the viability of a device that could be fabricated on a Si/Si1-yOy/Si1-x-yGexCy platform or by photo-refractive media. The proposed device is 200 ?m in length and 25 ?m in width, and its refractive index varies in controllable steps across the light propagation and transversal directions. The computed conversion efficiency and loss are 90%, and -0.457 dB, respectively. The theoretical results, obtained from the beam conversion efficiency, self-regeneration, and propagation through an opaque obstruction, demonstrate that a two-dimensional (2D) graded index map of the refractive index can be used to transform a Gauss beam into a J0-Bessel-Gauss beam. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of such beam transformation by means of a 2D index-mapping that is fully integrable in silicon photonics based planar lightwave circuits (PLCs). The concept device is significant for the eventual development of a new array of technologies, such as micro optical tweezers, optical traps, beam reshaping and nonlinear beam diode lasers. © 2012 Optical Society of America.
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Generation of J_0-Bessel-Gauss beam by a heterogeneous refractive index map
San Roman Alerigi, Damian; Alsunaidi, Mohammad; Ben Slimane, Ahmed; Ng, Tien Khee; Ooi, Boon S.; Zhang, Yaping
2012-01-01
In this paper, we present the theoretical studies of a refractive index map to implement a Gauss to a J0-Bessel-Gauss convertor. We theoretically demonstrate the viability of a device that could be fabricated on a Si/Si1-yOy/Si1-x-yGexCy platform or by photo-refractive media. The proposed device is 200 ?m in length and 25 ?m in width, and its refractive index varies in controllable steps across the light propagation and transversal directions. The computed conversion efficiency and loss are 90%, and -0.457 dB, respectively. The theoretical results, obtained from the beam conversion efficiency, self-regeneration, and propagation through an opaque obstruction, demonstrate that a two-dimensional (2D) graded index map of the refractive index can be used to transform a Gauss beam into a J0-Bessel-Gauss beam. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of such beam transformation by means of a 2D index-mapping that is fully integrable in silicon photonics based planar lightwave circuits (PLCs). The concept device is significant for the eventual development of a new array of technologies, such as micro optical tweezers, optical traps, beam reshaping and nonlinear beam diode lasers. © 2012 Optical Society of America.
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Static solutions with nontrivial boundaries for the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory in vacuum
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Dotti, Gustavo; Oliva, Julio; Troncoso, Ricardo
2010-01-01
The classification of a certain class of static solutions for the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory in vacuum is performed in d≥5 dimensions. The class of metrics under consideration is such that the spacelike section is a warped product of the real line and an arbitrary base manifold. It is shown that for a generic value of the Gauss-Bonnet coupling, the base manifold must be necessarily Einstein, with an additional restriction on its Weyl tensor for d>5. The boundary admits a wider class of geometries only in the special case when the Gauss-Bonnet coupling is such that the theory admits a unique maximally symmetric solution. The additional freedom in the boundary metric enlarges the class of allowed geometries in the bulk, which are classified within three main branches, containing new black holes and wormholes in vacuum.
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Karl Marx, un periodista en la Era del Capital. Apuntes para una investigación
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Espinoza Pino, Mario
2014-06-01
Full Text Available The aim of this article is to criticize the traditional representation of Karl Marx’s journalistic works, usually forgotten by a misleading canon that assumes his articles only as a minor work. One of the problems of this traditional conception is that it dissociates his theoretical and economic contributions from the historical development of the author’s thought (and also from its material roots. We will try to point the importance of Karl Marx’s mature journalism in two areas: in the construction of the central concepts of his critic against the capitalist mode of production (surplus value, a multilineal historical perspective, a global description of the world market, etc. and in the production of political cartographies to intervene in the class conflict. This article poses several hypothesis and tentative affirmations about Karl Marx’s journalism that may serve as a point of departure for a critical research.El objetivo de este artículo es criticar la representación tradicional del trabajo periodístico de Karl Marx, habitualmente olvidado por un canon engañoso que sólo asume sus artículos al precio de convertirlos en una obra menor. Uno de los problemas de esta concepción tradicional es que disocia sus contribuciones teóricas y económicas del desarrollo histórico del pensamiento del autor (y también de sus raíces materiales. Intentaremos señalar la importancia del periodismo maduro de Karl Marx en dos áreas: en la construcción de los conceptos centrales de su crítica contra el capitalismo (plusvalor, un enfoque histórico multilineal, una descripción global del mercado mundial, etc. y en la producción de cartografías políticas para intervenir en el conflicto de clases. Este artículo plantea varias hipótesis y afirmaciones tentativas sobre el periodismo de Karl Marx que pueden servir como punto de partida de una investigación crítica.
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2000-01-01
Analyse der Bahnbewegung des Mondes (E. W. BROWN, 1896) Polschwankung (SETH CARLO CHANDLER, 1885; KARL FRIEDRICH KOJSTNER, 1890; SIMON NEWCOMB, 1891, 1892...Photographic Zenith Tubes) wurden erstmals urn die Jahr- hundertwende von STOLZE (1893), RuNGE (1893), SCHNAUDER (1900) und SCHWARZSCHILD (1903) vor...Geburtstag, Eugen Kuntz zurn 70. Geburtstag, Herman MAilzer zumn 70. Geburtstag, Verbff Geod Inst U Karlsruhe, 23 5-241 SCHWARZSCHILD , K., 1903
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Historical consciousness and existential awareness in Karl Barth\\'s ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Karl Barth's hermeneutic legacy prolonged Western Christian tradition, especially influenced by Hegelian philosophy of history. This led to Barth's “theological exegesis” instead of a historic-critical exegesis. In a preceding article Barth's understanding of the notion “hermeneutic circle” is discussed against the background of ...
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Quintessence background for 5D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet black holes
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ghosh, Sushant G. [University of KwaZulu-Natal, Astrophysics and Cosmology Research Unit, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, Durban (South Africa); Centre for Theoretical Physics, New Delhi (India); Amir, Muhammed [Centre for Theoretical Physics, New Delhi (India); Maharaj, Sunil D. [University of KwaZulu-Natal, Astrophysics and Cosmology Research Unit, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, Durban (South Africa)
2017-08-15
As we know that the Lovelock theory is an extension of the general relativity to the higher-dimensions, in this theory the first- and the second-order terms correspond to general relativity and the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity, respectively. We obtain a 5D black hole solution in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity surrounded by the quintessence matter, and we also analyze their thermodynamical properties. Owing to the quintessence corrected black hole, the thermodynamic quantities have also been corrected except for the black hole entropy, and a phase transition is achievable. The phase transition for the thermodynamic stability is characterized by a discontinuity in the specific heat at r = r{sub C}, with the stable (unstable) branch for r < (>) r{sub C}. (orig.)
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Karl Ristikivi rändav Arkaadia / Janika Kronberg, Brita Melts
Kronberg, Janika, 1963-
2012-01-01
Artikkel jälgib Arkaadia-motiivi arengut Karl Ristikivi loomingus, toetudes nii autori poolt läbikäidud maastikele kui ka kunstikriitiku ja teoreetiku Simon Schama töödele. Käsitletakse ka Arkaadia motiivi Euroopa kultuuriloos
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Arbeitstagung 2013 : in Memory of Friedrich Hirzebruch
Blohmann, Christian; Faltings, Gerd; Teichner, Peter; Zagier, Don
2016-01-01
This volume contains selected papers authored by speakers and participants of the 2013 Arbeitstagung, held at the Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in Bonn, Germany, from May 22-28. The 2013 meeting (and this resulting proceedings) was dedicated to the memory of Friedrich Hirzebruch, who passed away on May 27, 2012. Hirzebruch organized the first Arbeitstagung in 1957 with a unique concept that would become its most distinctive feature: the program was not determined beforehand by the organizers, but during the meeting by all participants in an open discussion. This ensured that the talks would be on the latest developments in mathematics and that many important results were presented at the conference for the first time. Written by leading mathematicians, the papers in this volume cover various topics from algebraic geometry, topology, analysis, operator theory, and representation theory and display the breadth and depth of pure mathematics that has always been characteristic of the Arbeitstagung.
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Composite Gauss-Legendre Formulas for Solving Fuzzy Integration
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Xiaobin Guo
2014-01-01
Full Text Available Two numerical integration rules based on composition of Gauss-Legendre formulas for solving integration of fuzzy numbers-valued functions are investigated in this paper. The methods' constructions are presented and the corresponding convergence theorems are shown in detail. Two numerical examples are given to illustrate the proposed algorithms finally.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Grozdanov, Sašo [Instituut-Lorentz for Theoretical Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, Leiden 2333 CA (Netherlands); Starinets, Andrei O. [Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, 1 Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3NP (United Kingdom)
2017-03-30
Gauss-Bonnet holographic fluid is a useful theoretical laboratory to study the effects of curvature-squared terms in the dual gravity action on transport coefficients, quasinormal spectra and the analytic structure of thermal correlators at strong coupling. To understand the behavior and possible pathologies of the Gauss-Bonnet fluid in 3+1 dimensions, we compute (analytically and non-perturbatively in the Gauss-Bonnet coupling) its second-order transport coefficients, the retarded two- and three-point correlation functions of the energy-momentum tensor in the hydrodynamic regime as well as the relevant quasinormal spectrum. The Haack-Yarom universal relation among the second-order transport coefficients is violated at second order in the Gauss-Bonnet coupling. In the zero-viscosity limit, the holographic fluid still produces entropy, while the momentum diffusion and the sound attenuation are suppressed at all orders in the hydrodynamic expansion. By adding higher-derivative electromagnetic field terms to the action, we also compute corrections to charge diffusion and identify the non-perturbative parameter regime in which the charge diffusion constant vanishes.
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Cohen, Barbara A.; Li, Z.-H.; Miller, J. S.; Brinckerhoff, W. B.; Clegg, S. M.; Mahaffy, P. R.; Swindle, T. D.; Wiens, R. C.
2013-01-01
Absolute dating of planetary samples is an essential tool to establish the chronology of geological events, including crystallization history, magmatic evolution, and alteration. We are addressing this challenge by developing the Potassium (K) -- Argon Laser Experiment (KArLE), building on previous work to develop a K-Ar in situ instrument. KArLE ablates a rock sample, determines the K in the plasma state using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), measures the liberated Ar using quadrupole mass spectrometry (QMS), and relates the two by the volume of the ablated pit using laser confocal microscopy (LCM). Our goal is for the KArLE instrument to be capable of determining the age of several kinds of planetary samples to address a wide range of geochronolgy problems in planetary science.
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Fate of black branes in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Suranyi, P.; Wijewardhana, L. C. R.; Vaz, C.
2009-01-01
Black branes are studied in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity. Evaporation drives black branes toward one of two singularities depending on the sign of α, the Gauss-Bonnet coupling. For positive α and sufficiently large ratio √(α)/L, where L/2π is the radius of compactification, black branes avoid the Gregory-Laflamme (GL) instability before reaching a critical state. No black branes with the radius of horizon smaller than the critical value can exist. Approaching the critical state branes have a nonzero Hawking temperature. For negative α all black branes encounter the GL instability. No black branes may exist outside of the interval of the critical values 0≤β h 2 and r h is the radius of horizon of the black brane. The first order phase transition line of GL transitions ends in a second order phase transition point at β=0.
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Ideal i realnost : Karl von Gershelman - poet-hudozhnik / Mai Levin
Levin, Mai, 1942-
2005-01-01
Eesti päritolu kunstniku Elisabeth Rosendorff-Hoerschelmanni (1898-1984) ja Eestiga seotud kunstniku ja kirjaniku Karl von Hoerschelmanni (1899-1951) elust ja loomingust. 2004. a. augustis-oktoobris oli kunstnike tööde näitus Adamson-Ericu muuseumis
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Penyelesaian Persamaan Poisson 2D dengan Menggunakan Metode Gauss-Seidel dan Conjugate Gradien
Mahmudah, Dewi Erla; Naf'an, Muhammad Zidny
2017-01-01
In this paper we focus on solution of 2D Poisson equation numerically. 2D Poisson equation is a partial differential equation of second order elliptical type. This equation is a particular form or non-homogeneous form of the Laplace equation. The solution of 2D Poisson equation is performed numerically using Gauss Seidel method and Conjugate Gradient method. The result is the value using Gauss Seidel method and Conjugate Gradient method is same. But, consider the iteration process, the conver...
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The nature and consequence of Karl Marx's skin disease.
Shuster, S
2008-01-01
From an analysis of the original correspondence, it has been possible to establish that Karl Marx's incapacitating skin disease was hidradenitis suppurativa, not 'boils' as was universally assumed at the time and since; the psychological effect of this illness on the man and his work appears to have been considerable.
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Hannah Arendt and Karl Jaspers: The Time of Friendship
Nixon, Jon
2016-01-01
This paper provides an introduction to the enduring friendship between Hannah Arendt and Karl Jaspers. It shows how their intellectual development as public educators was sustained by their ongoing dialogue which flourished not in spite of but because of their huge differences of circumstance and personality. This friendship between two renowned…
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Provenzo, Eugene F., Jr.
2009-01-01
Friedrich Froebel, the German educator and founder of the Kindergarten Movement, developed a series of play materials including geometric building blocks and pattern activity blocks designed to teach children about forms and relationships found in nature. Froebel's notions about using activity and play in preschool education complement many…
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The preconditioned Gauss-Seidel method faster than the SOR method
Niki, Hiroshi; Kohno, Toshiyuki; Morimoto, Munenori
2008-09-01
In recent years, a number of preconditioners have been applied to linear systems [A.D. Gunawardena, S.K. Jain, L. Snyder, Modified iterative methods for consistent linear systems, Linear Algebra Appl. 154-156 (1991) 123-143; T. Kohno, H. Kotakemori, H. Niki, M. Usui, Improving modified Gauss-Seidel method for Z-matrices, Linear Algebra Appl. 267 (1997) 113-123; H. Kotakemori, K. Harada, M. Morimoto, H. Niki, A comparison theorem for the iterative method with the preconditioner (I+Smax), J. Comput. Appl. Math. 145 (2002) 373-378; H. Kotakemori, H. Niki, N. Okamoto, Accelerated iteration method for Z-matrices, J. Comput. Appl. Math. 75 (1996) 87-97; M. Usui, H. Niki, T.Kohno, Adaptive Gauss-Seidel method for linear systems, Internat. J. Comput. Math. 51(1994)119-125 [10
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Charged Rényi entropies in CFTs with Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet holographic duals
Pastras, Georgios; Manolopoulos, Dimitrios
2014-11-01
We calculate the Rényi entropy S q ( μ, λ), for spherical entangling surfaces in CFT's with Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet-Maxwell holographic duals. Rényi entropies must obey some interesting inequalities by definition. However, for Gauss-Bonnet couplings λ, larger than specific value, but still allowed by causality, we observe a violation of the inequality , which is related to the existence of negative entropy black holes, providing interesting restrictions in the bulk theory. Moreover, we find an interesting distinction of the behaviour of the analytic continuation of S q ( μ, λ) for imaginary chemical potential, between negative and non-negative λ.
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Gauss law constraints on Debye–Hückel screening
Indian Academy of Sciences (India)
We demand that the Gauss law at the edge must be obeyed by the electric potential () generated within a neutral plasma/electrolyte of strictly finite size by the introduction of a test charge b. Our proposal has the nice features that total ionic numbers are conserved, the point-Coulomb behaviour of () is guaranteed at ...
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History of cosmic evolution with modified Gauss-Bonnet-dilatonic coupled term
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Debnath, Subhra; Sanyal, Abhik Kumar [Jangipur College, Department of Physics, Murshidabad (India); Ruz, Soumendra Nath [Ramananda Centenary College, Department of Physics, Purulia (India); Mandal, Ranajit [University of Kalyani, Department of Physics, Nadia (India)
2017-05-15
Gauss-Bonnet-dilatonic coupling in four dimensions plays an important role to explain late-time cosmic evolution. However, this term is an outcome of the low energy string effective action and thus ought to be important in the early universe too. Unfortunately, a phase-space formulation of such a theory does not exist in the literature due to branching. We therefore consider a modified theory of gravity, which contains a nonminimally coupled scalar-tensor sector in addition to a higher-order scalar curvature invariant term with Gauss-Bonnet-dilatonic coupling. Such an action unifies early inflation with late-time cosmic acceleration. The quantum version of the theory is also well behaved. (orig.)
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History of cosmic evolution with modified Gauss-Bonnet-dilatonic coupled term
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Debnath, Subhra; Sanyal, Abhik Kumar; Ruz, Soumendra Nath; Mandal, Ranajit
2017-01-01
Gauss-Bonnet-dilatonic coupling in four dimensions plays an important role to explain late-time cosmic evolution. However, this term is an outcome of the low energy string effective action and thus ought to be important in the early universe too. Unfortunately, a phase-space formulation of such a theory does not exist in the literature due to branching. We therefore consider a modified theory of gravity, which contains a nonminimally coupled scalar-tensor sector in addition to a higher-order scalar curvature invariant term with Gauss-Bonnet-dilatonic coupling. Such an action unifies early inflation with late-time cosmic acceleration. The quantum version of the theory is also well behaved. (orig.)
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The Reference Process and the Philosophy of Karl Popper.
Neill, S. D.
1985-01-01
Two aspects of Karl Popper's philosophy are applied to reference process: process is viewed as series of problem-solving situations amenable to analysis using Popper's problem-solving schema. Reference interview is analyzed in context of Popper's postulate that books contain autonomous world of ideas existing apart from mind of knower. (30…
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Architecture and Art Regulations for Karl Marx Street
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Alla Mironenko
2015-08-01
Full Text Available The architecture and art regulations for Karl Marx Street and adjoining territories have been worked out for the Committee for town planning of the Irkutsk city administration. Basic provisions: facades of buildings and structures, outdoor advertising and information facilities, artistic illumination of buildings, elements of land improvements. The main principle is to preserve historical appearance and to create a contemporary and comfortable environment.
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Error bounds on block Gauss-Seidel solutions of coupled multiphysics problems
Whiteley, J. P.
2011-05-09
Mathematical models in many fields often consist of coupled sub-models, each of which describes a different physical process. For many applications, the quantity of interest from these models may be written as a linear functional of the solution to the governing equations. Mature numerical solution techniques for the individual sub-models often exist. Rather than derive a numerical solution technique for the full coupled model, it is therefore natural to investigate whether these techniques may be used by coupling in a block Gauss-Seidel fashion. In this study, we derive two a posteriori bounds for such linear functionals. These bounds may be used on each Gauss-Seidel iteration to estimate the error in the linear functional computed using the single physics solvers, without actually solving the full, coupled problem. We demonstrate the use of the bound first by using a model problem from linear algebra, and then a linear ordinary differential equation example. We then investigate the effectiveness of the bound using a non-linear coupled fluid-temperature problem. One of the bounds derived is very sharp for most linear functionals considered, allowing us to predict very accurately when to terminate our block Gauss-Seidel iteration. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Error bounds on block Gauss-Seidel solutions of coupled multiphysics problems
Whiteley, J. P.; Gillow, K.; Tavener, S. J.; Walter, A. C.
2011-01-01
Mathematical models in many fields often consist of coupled sub-models, each of which describes a different physical process. For many applications, the quantity of interest from these models may be written as a linear functional of the solution to the governing equations. Mature numerical solution techniques for the individual sub-models often exist. Rather than derive a numerical solution technique for the full coupled model, it is therefore natural to investigate whether these techniques may be used by coupling in a block Gauss-Seidel fashion. In this study, we derive two a posteriori bounds for such linear functionals. These bounds may be used on each Gauss-Seidel iteration to estimate the error in the linear functional computed using the single physics solvers, without actually solving the full, coupled problem. We demonstrate the use of the bound first by using a model problem from linear algebra, and then a linear ordinary differential equation example. We then investigate the effectiveness of the bound using a non-linear coupled fluid-temperature problem. One of the bounds derived is very sharp for most linear functionals considered, allowing us to predict very accurately when to terminate our block Gauss-Seidel iteration. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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‘Antennas Have Long Since Invaded Our Brains’: Listening to the ‘Other Music’ in Friedrich Kittler
Kromhout, M.J.; van Maas, S.
2015-01-01
"In several articles, Friedrich Kittler addresses the question of music and sound in the age of media. Operating on the intersection between media, art, philology and philosophy, Kittler writes about an "other" music, which was already described by Nietzsche. This music is not concerned with
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Marxism as permanent revolution
van Ree, E.
2013-01-01
This article argues that the 'permanent revolution' represented the dominant element in Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels' political discourse, and that it tended to overrule considerations encapsulated in 'historical materialism'. In Marx and Engels's understanding, permanent revolution did not represent a historical shortcut under exceptional circumstances, but the course revolutions in the modern era would normally take. Marx and Engels traced back the pattern to the sixteenth century. It is ...
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A note on the viability of Gauss-Bonnet cosmology
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Chingangbam, R.; Sami, M.; Tretyakov, P.V.; Toporensky, A.V.
2008-01-01
In this Letter, we analyze the viability of a vacuum Gauss-Bonnet cosmology by examining the dynamics of the homogeneous and anisotropic background in 4+1 dimensions. The trajectories of the system either originate from the standard singularity or from non-standard type, the later is characterized by the divergence of time derivative of the Hubble parameters for its finite value. At the onset, the system should relax to Einstein phase at late times as the effect of Gauss-Bonnet term becomes negligible in the low energy regime. However, we find that most of the trajectories emerging from the standard big-bang singularity lead to future re-collapse whereas the system beginning its evolution from the non-standard singularity enters the Kasner regime at late times. This leads to the conclusion that the measure of trajectories giving rise to a smooth evolution from a standard singularity to the Einstein phase is negligibly small for generic initial conditions
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Reflections on Sven-Eric Liedman’s Marx-Biography “A World to Win: The Life and Works of Karl Marx”
Christian Fuchs
2018-01-01
The English translation of Sven-Eric Liedman’s Marx-biography A World to Win: The Life and Works of Karl Marx was published two weeks before Marx’s bicentenary. This article presents reflections on Liedman’s book and asks how one should best write biographically about Marx. The paper compares Liedman’s biography to the Marx-biographies written by Jonathan Sperber (Karl Marx: A Nineteenth-Century Life) and Gareth Stedman-Jones (Karl Marx: Greatness and Illusion). A biography is a way of repeat...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ali H. Bhrawy
2014-01-01
Full Text Available The modified generalized Laguerre-Gauss collocation (MGLC method is applied to obtain an approximate solution of fractional neutral functional-differential equations with proportional delays on the half-line. The proposed technique is based on modified generalized Laguerre polynomials and Gauss quadrature integration of such polynomials. The main advantage of the present method is to reduce the solution of fractional neutral functional-differential equations into a system of algebraic equations. Reasonable numerical results are achieved by choosing few modified generalized Laguerre-Gauss collocation points. Numerical results demonstrate the accuracy, efficiency, and versatility of the proposed method on the half-line.
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Solving radiative transfer with line overlaps using Gauss-Seidel algorithms
Daniel, F.; Cernicharo, J.
2008-09-01
Context: The improvement in observational facilities requires refining the modelling of the geometrical structures of astrophysical objects. Nevertheless, for complex problems such as line overlap in molecules showing hyperfine structure, a detailed analysis still requires a large amount of computing time and thus, misinterpretation cannot be dismissed due to an undersampling of the whole space of parameters. Aims: We extend the discussion of the implementation of the Gauss-Seidel algorithm in spherical geometry and include the case of hyperfine line overlap. Methods: We first review the basics of the short characteristics method that is used to solve the radiative transfer equations. Details are given on the determination of the Lambda operator in spherical geometry. The Gauss-Seidel algorithm is then described and, by analogy to the plan-parallel case, we see how to introduce it in spherical geometry. Doing so requires some approximations in order to keep the algorithm competitive. Finally, line overlap effects are included. Results: The convergence speed of the algorithm is compared to the usual Jacobi iterative schemes. The gain in the number of iterations is typically factors of 2 and 4 for the two implementations made of the Gauss-Seidel algorithm. This is obtained despite the introduction of approximations in the algorithm. A comparison of results obtained with and without line overlaps for N2H^+, HCN, and HNC shows that the J=3-2 line intensities are significantly underestimated in models where line overlap is neglected.
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The Gauss and Ampere laws: different laws but similar difficulties for student learning
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Guisasola, Jenaro; AlmudI, Jose M; Zuza, Kristina; Ceberio, Mikel; Salinas, Julia
2008-01-01
This study aims to analyse university students' reasoning regarding two laws of electromagnetism: Gauss's law and Ampere's law. It has been supposed that the problems seen in understanding and applying both laws do not spring from students' misconceptions. Students habitually use reasoning known in the literature as 'common sense' methodology that leads to incorrect forms of reasoning. To test our hypothesis, questionnaires were designed emphasizing explanations. The results obtained show the low level of students' reasoning in both electricity and magnetism in terms of Gauss's and Ampere's laws
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A teoria da interpretação jurídica de Hans Kelsen: uma crítica a partir da obra de Friedrich Müller
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Nestor Castilho Gomes
2008-09-01
Full Text Available O artigo analisa a teoria da interpretaçãojurídica de Hans Kelsen, apresentada na TeoriaPura do Direito, a partir da posição teóricade Friedrich Müller, isto é, a partir das críticasformuladas pela Teoria Estruturante do Direito.Demonstrar-se-á como a distinção entre ser edever-ser, traço fundamental do projetoepistemológico kelseniano, influenciou a teoriada interpretação por ele proposta. Outrossim, opresente trabalho expõe em detalhes a teoria dainterpretação jurídica de Kelsen para, posteriormente,efetuar um inventário das críticas que lhesão formuladas, tendo como fio condutor a obrade Friedrich Müller, sem prejuízo da abordagemde outros autores.Abstract: The article examines the theory of legalinterpretation as presented by Hans Kelsen onhis “Pure Theory of Law”, under the criticalapproach of Friedrich Müller, on his “StructuringTheory of Law” [Strukturiende Rechstslehre].The article shall demonstrate how Kelsen’sdistinction between sein [being] and sollen [shouldbe] – as a fundamental feature of hisepistemological project – influenced the theoryof interpretation he proposed. Also, this workpresents in detail the theory of legal interpretationof Kelsen to thereafter make an inventory of criticsformulated about it, under the guideline from worksof Friedrich Müller, besides the approach of otherauthors.
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Simple compactifications and black p-branes in Gauss-Bonnet and Lovelock theories
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Giribet, Gaston; Oliva, Julio; Troncoso, Ricardo
2006-01-01
We look for the existence of asymptotically flat simple compactifications of the form M D-p x T p in D-dimensional gravity theories with higher powers of the curvature. Assuming the manifold M D-p to be spherically symmetric, it is shown that the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory admits this class of solutions only for the pure Einstein-Hilbert or Gauss-Bonnet Lagrangians, but not for an arbitrary linear combination of them. Once these special cases have been selected, the requirement of spherical symmetry is no longer relevant since actually any solution of the pure Einstein or pure Gauss-Bonnet theories can then be toroidally extended to higher dimensions. Depending on p and the spacetime dimension, the metric on M D-p may describe a black hole or a spacetime with a conical singularity, so that the whole spacetime describes a black or a cosmic p-brane, respectively. For the purely Gauss-Bonnet theory it is shown that, if M D-p is four-dimensional, a new exotic class of black hole solutions exists, for which spherical symmetry can be relaxed. Under the same assumptions, it is also shown that simple compactifications acquire a similar structure for a wide class of theories among the Lovelock family which accepts this toroidal extension. The thermodynamics of black p-branes is also discussed, and it is shown that a thermodynamical analogue of the Gregory-Laflamme transition always occurs regardless the spacetime dimension or the theory considered, hence not only for General Relativity. Relaxing the asymptotically flat behavior, it is also shown that exact black brane solutions exist within a very special class of Lovelock theories
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Capacity of a bosonic memory channel with Gauss-Markov noise
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Schaefer, Joachim; Daems, David; Karpov, Evgueni; Cerf, Nicolas J.
2009-01-01
We address the classical capacity of a quantum bosonic memory channel with additive noise, subject to an input energy constraint. The memory is modeled by correlated noise emerging from a Gauss-Markov process. Under reasonable assumptions, we show that the optimal modulation results from a 'quantum water-filling' solution above a certain input energy threshold, similar to the optimal modulation for parallel classical Gaussian channels. We also derive analytically the optimal multimode input state above this threshold, which enables us to compute the capacity of this memory channel in the limit of an infinite number of modes. The method can also be applied to a more general noise environment which is constructed by a stationary Gauss process. The extension of our results to the case of broadband bosonic channels with colored Gaussian noise should also be straightforward.
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Den første Karl Gustav-krig 1657-58
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Olden-Jørgensen, Sebastian
2008-01-01
Artiklen diskuterer den første Karl Gustav-krig i forskellige persketiver og konkluderer, at krigen ikke bør opfattes som et dårligt forberedt og uigennemtænkt forsøg på dansk revanche inden for rammerne af en nordisk rivalisering, men snarere som en velovervejet satsning og et led i den dansk-s...
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Karl Popper and Jean Piaget: A Rationale for Constructivism
Harlow, Steve; Cummings, Rhoda; Aberasturi, Suzanne M.
2006-01-01
The current faddish use of the term constructivism has taken on as many different definitions as the number of people attempting to define it. This essay clarifies the meaning of constructivism through an examination of Karl Popper's and Jean Piaget's theories. The authors provide a rationale for the use of Popper's paradigm of "Three Worlds" and…
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Karl Marx as a Social Scientist and Utopian Dreamer.
Stevenson, James A.
The central paradox of Karl Marx's work is his belief that the vision of mankind leaving inequality and scarcity behind is attainable. The idea that human alienation, inequality, and need could be rendered obsolete by a future communist society of abundance is a significant failing in Marx's thought. It is at the same time the critical element in…
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Sisti, C.; Grigoletto, T.
1990-08-01
Two methods are compared for the determination of water content in tetra-ammonium uranyl tricarbonate by the Karl Fischer reagent method. In the first method it is Known that the carbonate reacts stoichiometrically with the iodine content of the Karl Fischer reagent in the same way it reacts with the water (mole of apparent H 2 O per mole of carbonate is produced). In this case, the carbonate content in the sample is determined and a suitable correction is applied to take into account the apparent water results. In the second method it is performed an extraction of the moisture by adding methanol to the sample in an independent flask. After the decantation, an aliquot of the clear supernatant methanol is taken for the determination of water content by the Karl Fischer reagent method. (author) [pt
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GAUSS Market Analysis for Integrated Satellite Communication and Navigation Location Based services
Di Fazio, Antonella; Dricot, Fabienne; Tata, Francesco
2003-07-01
The demand for mobile information services coupled with positioning technologies for delivering value- added services that depend on a user's location has rapidly increased during last years. In particular, services and applications related with improved mobility safety and transport efficiency look very attractive.Solutions for location services vary in respect of positioning accuracy and the technical infrastructure required, and the associated investment in terminals and networks. From the analysis of the state-of-the art, it comes that various technologies are currently available on the European market, while mobile industry is gearing up to launch a wide variety of location services like tracking, alarming and locating.Nevertheless, when addressing safety of life as well as security applications, severe hurdles have to be posed in the light of existing technologies. Existing navigation (e.g. GPS) and communication systems are not able to completely satisfy the needs and requirements of safety-of-life-critical applications. As a matter of fact, the GPS system's main weaknesses today is its lack of integrity, which means its inability to warn users of a malfunction in a reasonable time, while the other positioning techniques do not provide satisfactory accuracy as well, and terrestrial communication networks are not capable to cope with stringent requirement in terms of service reliability and coverage.In this context, GAUSS proposes an innovative satellite-based solution using novel technology and effective tools for addressing mobility challenges in a cost efficient manner, improving safety and effectiveness.GAUSS (Galileo And UMTS Synergetic System) is a Research and Technological Development project co- funded by European Commission, within the frame of the 5th IST Programme. The project lasted two years, and it was successfully completed in November 2002. GAUSS key concept is the integration of Satellite Navigation GNSS and UMTS communication technology, to
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Reflections on Sven-Eric Liedman’s Marx-Biography “A World to Win: The Life and Works of Karl Marx”
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Christian Fuchs
2018-05-01
Full Text Available The English translation of Sven-Eric Liedman’s Marx-biography A World to Win: The Life and Works of Karl Marx was published two weeks before Marx’s bicentenary. This article presents reflections on Liedman’s book and asks how one should best write biographically about Marx. The paper compares Liedman’s biography to the Marx-biographies written by Jonathan Sperber (Karl Marx: A Nineteenth-Century Life and Gareth Stedman-Jones (Karl Marx: Greatness and Illusion. A biography is a way of repeating a person’s life, works and age in a process of reconstruction and retelling. The question that arises is how to write a biography as a dialectical text. Sven-Eric Liedman: A World to Win: The Life and Works of Karl Marx. London: Verso, London, 2018. 768 pages., £35.00 hbk. ISBN 9781786635044
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Elizalde, E.; Makarenko, A.N.; Obukhov, V.V.; Osetrin, K.E.; Filippov, A.E.
2007-01-01
Six-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity (with a linear Gauss-Bonnet term) is investigated. This theory is inspired by basic features of results coming from string and M-theory. Dynamical compactification is carried out and it is seen that a four-dimensional accelerating FRW universe is recovered, when the two-dimensional internal space radius shrinks. A non-perturbative structure of the corresponding theory is identified which has either three or one stable fixed points, depending on the Gauss-Bonnet coupling being positive or negative. A much richer structure than in the case of the perturbative regime of the dynamical compactification recently studied by Andrew, Bolen, and Middleton is exhibited
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Dadhich, Naresh; Pons, Josep M
We study static black hole solutions in Einstein and Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with the topology of the product of two spheres, [Formula: see text], in higher dimensions. There is an unusual new feature of the Gauss-Bonnet black hole: the avoidance of a non-central naked singularity prescribes a mass range for the black hole in terms of [Formula: see text]. For an Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet black hole a limited window of negative values for [Formula: see text] is also permitted. This topology encompasses black strings, branes, and generalized Nariai metrics. We also give new solutions with the product of two spheres of constant curvature.
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Schweikardt, Christoph
2002-12-01
The lost autobiography of the famous Halle medical professor Friedrich Hoffmann (1660-1742) was recently located in the Manuscripta borussica collection of the Berlin State Library Manuscript Department (Handschriftenabteilung der Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin). The autobiography shows new details about his life and work as well as his strategy to shape the picture of his personality for posterity.
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Horizons of radiating black holes in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Ghosh, S. G.; Deshkar, D. W.
2008-01-01
A Vaidya-based model of a radiating black hole is studied in a 5-dimensional Einstein gravity with Gauss-Bonnet contribution of quadratic curvature terms. The structure and locations of the apparent and event horizons of the radiating black hole are determined
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Spacetime structure of static solutions in Gauss-Bonnet gravity: Neutral case
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Torii, Takashi; Maeda, Hideki
2005-01-01
We study the spacetime structures of the static solutions in the n-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet-Λ system systematically. We assume the Gauss-Bonnet coefficient α is non-negative and a cosmological constant is either positive, zero, or negative. The solutions have the (n-2)-dimensional Euclidean submanifold, which is the Einstein manifold with the curvature k=1, 0, and -1. We also assume 4α-tilde/l 2 ≤1, where l is the curvature radius, in order for the sourceless solution (M=0) to be defined. The general solutions are classified into plus and minus branches. The structures of the center, horizons, infinity, and the singular point depend on the parameters α, l 2 , k, M, and branches complicatedly so that a variety of global structures for the solutions are found. In our analysis, the M-tilde-r diagram is used, which makes our consideration clear and enables easy understanding by visual effects. In the plus branch, all the solutions have the same asymptotic structure at infinity as that in general relativity with a negative cosmological constant. For the negative-mass parameter, a new type of singularity called the branch singularity appears at nonzero finite radius r=r b >0. The divergent behavior around the singularity in Gauss-Bonnet gravity is milder than that around the central singularity in general relativity. There are three types of horizons: inner, black hole, and cosmological. In the k=1,0 cases, the plus-branch solutions do not have any horizon. In the k=-1 case, the radius of the horizon is restricted as r h h >√(2α-tilde)) in the plus (minus) branch. The black hole solution with zero or negative mass exists in the plus branch even for the zero or positive cosmological constant. There is also the extreme black hole solution with positive mass. We briefly discuss the effect of the Gauss-Bonnet corrections on black hole formation in a collider and the possibility of the violation of the third law of the black hole thermodynamics
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Clinical Profile of Statin Intolerance in the Phase 3 GAUSS-2 Study.
Cho, Leslie; Rocco, Michael; Colquhoun, David; Sullivan, David; Rosenson, Robert S; Dent, Ricardo; Xue, Allen; Scott, Rob; Wasserman, Scott M; Stroes, Erik
2016-06-01
Recent evidence suggests that statin intolerance may be more common than reported in randomized trials. However, the statin-intolerant population is not well characterized. The goal of this report is to characterize the population enrolled in the phase 3 Goal Achievement after Utilizing an anti-PCSK9 antibody in Statin Intolerant Subjects Study (GAUSS-2; NCT 01763905). GAUSS-2 compared evolocumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody to proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) to ezetimibe in hypercholesterolemic patients who discontinued statin therapy due to statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS). GAUSS-2 was a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study that enrolled patients with elevated LDL-C who were either not on a statin or able to tolerate only a low-dose due to SAMS. Patients had received ≥2 statins and were unable to tolerate any statin dose or increase in dose above a specified weekly dose due to SAMS. Three hundred seven patients (mean [SD] age, 62 [10] years; 54 % males) were randomized 2:1 (evolocumab:ezetimibe). Mean (SD) LDL-C was 4.99 (1.51) mmol/L. Patients had used ≥2 (100 %), ≥3 (55 %), or ≥4 (21 %) statins. Coronary artery disease was present in 29 % of patients. Statin-intolerant symptoms were myalgia in 80 % of patients, weakness in 39 %, and more serious complications in 20 %. In 98 % of patients, SAMS interfered with normal daily activity; in 52 %, symptoms precluded moderate exertion. Evaluation of the GAUSS-2 trial population of statin-intolerant patients demonstrates that most patients were high risk with severely elevated LDL-C and many had statin-associated muscle symptoms that interfered with their quality of life.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Almiro dos Reis Jr
2009-04-01
Full Text Available JUSTIFICATVA E OBJETIVOS: O entendimento por vezes admitido de que Sigmund Freud teve a intuição de utilizar a cocaína como anestésico local para intervenções cirúrgicas, ou mesmo de que ele tenha tido algum papel na descoberta da anestesia local não é verídico. Os objetivos das pesquisas de Freud eram outros e o verdadeiro realizador da descoberta foi Karl Köller, sobre o que há argumentos irrefutáveis. Diante desses fatos, tem importância histórica o conhecimento correto da questão. CONTEÚDO: O texto refere-se às propriedades há muito conhecidas da cocaína. Recorda dados pessoais, atividades profissionais e científicas de Sigmund Freud e de Karl Köller. Apresenta as pesquisas de Freud sobre efeitos fisiopatológicos observados com a cocaína. Expõe as razões das duras críticas recebidas por Freud diante de conceitos por ele emitidos. Descreve a súbita, porém consciente e justificada idéia de Karl Köller de estudar cientificamente a cocaína como anestésico local em animais e seres humanos. Indica como foram realizadas as pesquisas pioneiras que culminaram com a descoberta da anestesia local por Köller e as duas exposições sobre esta, feitas em Viena. Relata a primeira intervenção cirúrgica oftalmológica sob anestesia local. Comprova a imediata difusão pelo mundo da descoberta que marcou o início da anestesia locorregional. Comenta numerosos documentos comprobatórios da prioridade de Köller na descoberta. Finalmente, menciona as numerosas homenagens recebidas por Köller em várias partes do mundo. CONCLUSÕES: A anestesia locorregional foi iniciada por Karl Köller em 1884, quando ele provou a possibilidade de praticar intervenções cirúrgicas oftalmológicas sem dor utilizando a cocaína como anestésico local. Sigmund Freud realizou muitas pesquisas sobre a cocaína, mas não participou diretamente do importantíssimo feito.JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: Los que a veces se cree de que Sigmund Freud tuvo
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Reduction of entanglement degradation in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Nasr Esfahani, B.; Shamirzaie, M.; Soltani, M.
2011-01-01
Bipartite entanglement for states of a noninteracting bosonic or fermionic field in the spacetime of a spherically symmetric black hole of Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity is investigated. Although the initial state is chosen to be maximally entangled as the Bell states, the Hawking-Unruh effect causes the state to be mixed and the entanglement degrades, but with different asymptotic behaviors for the fermionic and bosonic fields. The Gauss-Bonnet term with positive α can play an antigravitation role and so this causes a decrease in the Hawking-Unruh effect and consequently reduces the entanglement degradation. On the other hand, the suggested higher dimensions for the spacetime lead to increased entanglement degradation by increasing the dimension. There is a dramatic difference between the behaviors of the entanglement in terms of the radius of the horizon for a five-dimensional black hole and that for higher dimensional black holes. Both bosonic and fermionic fields entanglements are treated beyond the single-mode approximation. Also, the cases where the accelerating observers located at regions near and far from the event horizon of black hole are studied separately.
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Der Briefwechsel zwischen Alexander von Humboldt und Karl Ernst von Baer
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Thomas Schmuck
2012-10-01
Full Text Available Zusammenfassung Der kurze, nicht vollständig erhaltene Briefwechsel zwischen Alexander von Humboldt und Karl Ernst von Baer behandelt sehr verschiedene Themen: Politik, Kriegsgefahr, den Wissenschaftsbetrieb, Auszeichnungen und Tagungen, Embryologie und Cholera. Gemeinsam mit Briefen und Reden ergibt sich dabei ein differenziertes Bild der Beurteilung der beiden Wissenschaftler durch den jeweils anderen. Während Baer sich als Bewunderer Humboldts erweist, erscheint umgekehrt Humboldts Einschätzung Baers als ambivalent. Abstract The short, not completely preserved correspondence between Alexander von Humboldt and Karl Ernst von Baer deals with a wide range of subjects: politics and the danger of war, academic activities, scientific awards and conferences, aspects of embryology and the cholera. Letters to third persons and speeches, together with the correspondence between Humboldt and Baer show a differentiated pattern of mutual appraisal: While Baer always remained an admirer of the elder naturalist, Humboldt’s estimation was characterized by ambivalence.
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Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet metrics: black holes, black strings and a staticity theorem
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Bogdanos, C.; Charmousis, C.; Gouteraux, B.; Zegers, R.
2009-01-01
We find the general solution of the 6-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet equations in a large class of space and time-dependent warped geometries. Several distinct families of solutions are found, some of which include black string metrics, space and time-dependent solutions and black holes with exotic horizons. Among these, some are shown to verify a Birkhoff type staticity theorem, although here, the usual assumption of maximal symmetry on the horizon is relaxed, allowing exotic horizon geometries. We provide explicit examples of such static exotic black holes, including ones whose horizon geometry is that of a Bergman space. We find that the situation is very different from higher-dimensional general relativity, where Einstein spaces are admissible black hole horizons and the associated black hole potential is not even affected. In Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory, on the contrary, the non-trivial Weyl tensor of such exotic horizons is exposed to the bulk dynamics through the higher order Gauss-Bonnet term, severely constraining the allowed horizon geometries and adding a novel charge-like parameter to the black hole potential. The latter is related to the Euler characteristic of the four-dimensional horizon and provides, in some cases, additional black hole horizons.
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Lidar - nesbõvshajasja estonskaja "nokia" / Karl Rebane ; interv. Julia Rodina
Rebane, Karl, 1926-2007
2006-01-01
Eesti NSV teadlaste poolt välja töötatud laserseade lidar, seadme ehitamisest, töötamise põhimõttest ja kasutusvaldkonnast. Akadeemik Karl Rebase sõnul ei oleks sellise ulatusega Läänemere saastamist juhtunud, kui Eestil oleks normaalne ökoloogilise kontrolli süsteem. Poliitikute suhtumisest kodumaise teaduse arengusse
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Wilson, Mike; Double, Oliver
2003-01-01
Valentin Ludwig Fey was born on 4 June 1882 in the Munich suburb of Au, effectively the only child of an artisan-class family – his sister and two brothers all died in early childhood before Valentin Ludwig was even six months old. Valentin himself only narrowly survived a childhood encounter with diptheria (all of which, perhaps unsurprisingly, contributed to his ever-increasing hypochondria1), but he went on to become Karl Valentin, arguably the most famous German comedian and cabaret perfo...
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Development of the Potassium-Argon Laser Experiment (KArLE) Instrument for In Situ Geochronology
Cohen, Barbara A.; Li, Z.-H.; Miller, J. S.; Brinckerhoff, W. B.; Clegg, S. M.; Mahaffy, P. R.; Swindle, T. D.; Wiens, R. C.
2012-01-01
Absolute dating of planetary samples is an essential tool to establish the chronology of geological events, including crystallization history, magmatic evolution, and alteration. Traditionally, geochronology has only been accomplishable on samples from dedicated sample return missions or meteorites. The capability for in situ geochronology is highly desired, because it will allow one-way planetary missions to perform dating of large numbers of samples. The success of an in situ geochronology package will not only yield data on absolute ages, but can also complement sample return missions by identifying the most interesting rocks to cache and/or return to Earth. In situ dating instruments have been proposed, but none have yet reached TRL 6 because the required high-resolution isotopic measurements are very challenging. Our team is now addressing this challenge by developing the Potassium (K) - Argon Laser Experiment (KArLE) under the NASA Planetary Instrument Definition and Development Program (PIDDP), building on previous work to develop a K-Ar in situ instrument [1]. KArLE uses a combination of several flight-proven components that enable accurate K-Ar isochron dating of planetary rocks. KArLE will ablate a rock sample, determine the K in the plasma state using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), measure the liberated Ar using quadrupole mass spectrometry (QMS), and relate the two by the volume of the ablated pit using an optical method such as a vertical scanning interferometer (VSI). Our preliminary work indicates that the KArLE instrument will be capable of determining the age of several kinds of planetary samples to +/-100 Myr, sufficient to address a wide range of geochronology problems in planetary science.
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One-loop effective action for non-local modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity in de Sitter space
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Cognola, Guido; Zerbini, Sergio [Universita di Trento (Italy); Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Gruppo Collegato di Trento, Dipartimento di Fisica, Trento (Italy); Elizalde, Emilio [Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (ICE/CSIC) and Institut d' Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Facultat Ciencies, Bellaterra (Barcelona) (Spain); Nojiri, Shin' ichi [Nagoya University, Department of Physics, Nagoya (Japan); Odintsov, Sergei D. [Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (ICE/CSIC) and Institut d' Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Facultat Ciencies, Bellaterra (Barcelona) (Spain); ICREA, Barcelona (Spain); TSPU, Center of Theor. Phys., Tomsk (Russian Federation)
2009-12-15
We discuss the classical and quantum properties of non-local modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity in de Sitter space, using its equivalent representation via string-inspired local scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with a scalar potential. A classical, multiple de Sitter universe solution is found where one of the de Sitter phases corresponds to the primordial inflationary epoch, while the other de Sitter space solution - the one with the smallest Hubble rate - describes the late-time acceleration of our universe. A Chameleon scenario for the theory under investigation is developed, and it is successfully used to show that the theory complies with gravitational tests. An explicit expression for the one-loop effective action for this non-local modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity in the de Sitter space is obtained. It is argued that this effective action might be an important step towards the solution of the cosmological constant problem. (orig.)
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Tänapäeva tantsuteatri mitu palet / Heili Einasto, Karl Toepfer
Einasto, Heili
2015-01-01
Vestlus San Jose ülikooli professori Karl Toepferiga nüüdisaegsest Eesti tantsuteatrist - I. Tuksami "Vassilissa", E. Tubina ja M Kesleri "Kratt", T. Olleski jt. "HTK", G. Reynoldsi ja S. Stubbsi "Gatsby", N. Rota ja G. Madia "La Dolce Vita", A. Toikka "Faust"
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["Living with the bomb" - Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker's path from physics to politics].
Walker, Mark
2014-01-01
Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker spanned a spectrum from physics to politics, with philosophy in-between. This chapter surveys the most controversial part of his career, including his work on nuclear weapons and participation in cultural propaganda during the Second World War, his subsequent active political engagement during the postwar Federal German Republic, in particular the role of nuclear weapons, and his participation in myths surrounding Hitler's Bomb".
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Management and Profile of Rape Victims attending the Karl Bremer ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Setting: The study was conducted at the rape centre at the Karl Bremer Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. To describe the frequency of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in rape victims, all consecutive patients who presented to the rape centre over the one-year period from 1 April 2006 to 31 March 2007 were included ...
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Bouferguene, Ahmed
2005-01-01
When computing multicentre integrals over Slater-type orbitals (STOs) by means of the Shavitt and Karplus Gaussian integral transforms (Shavitt and Karplus 1962 J. Chem. Phys. 36 550), one usually ends up with a multiple integral of the form ∫ 0 1 du ∫ 0 1 dv ...∫ 0 ∞ dz F(u, v, ..., z) (Shavitt and Karplus 1965 J. Chem. Phys. 43 398) in which all the integrals are inter-related. The most widely used approach for computing such an integral is to apply a product of Gauss-Legendre quadratures for the integrals over [0, 1] while the semi-infinite term is evaluated by a special procedure. Although numerous approaches have been developed to accurately perform the integration over [0, ∞) efficiently, it is the aim of this work to add a new tool that could be of some benefit in carrying out the hard task of multicentre integrals over STOs. The new approach relies on a special Gauss quadrature referred to as Gauss-Bessel to accurately evaluate the semi-infinite integral of interest. In this work, emphasis is put on accuracy rather than efficiency since its aim is essentially to bring a proof of concept showing that Gauss-Bessel quadrature can successfully be applied in the context of multicentre integrals over STOs. The obtained accuracy is comparable to that obtained with other methods available in the literature
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Werner Karl Heisenberg (1901-1976)
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Kvasnica, J.
1992-01-01
The life's career of Werner Karl Heisenberg is described with emphasis on his creative development and cooperation with many other prominent physicists in the field of the quantum theory of atoms. In 1925, Heisenberg modified Bohr's quantum rule; in 1927 he formulated the uncertainty principle which puts some restrictions on the simultaneous determination of the position and momentum. In 1928, Heisenberg set up the quantum theory of ferromagnetism, which still underlies all theories of magnetic properties of substances. Soon after Chadwick's discovery of the neutron (1932), Heisenberg introduced the concept of the isospin - he interpreted the proton and the neutron as one particle (nucleon) in two charge states. Heisenberg's professional and pedagogical activities during and after the 2nd world war are also described. (Z.S.). 5 refs
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Young-Doo Kwon
2013-01-01
Full Text Available This study examined the characteristics of a variable three-point Gauss quadrature using a variable set of weighting factors and corresponding optimal sampling points. The major findings were as follows. The one-point, two-point, and three-point Gauss quadratures that adopt the Legendre sampling points and the well-known Simpson’s 1/3 rule were found to be special cases of the variable three-point Gauss quadrature. In addition, the three-point Gauss quadrature may have out-of-domain sampling points beyond the domain end points. By applying the quadratically extrapolated integrals and nonlinearity index, the accuracy of the integration could be increased significantly for evenly acquired data, which is popular with modern sophisticated digital data acquisition systems, without using higher-order extrapolation polynomials.
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A new look at the free electromagnetic field. The Gauss law as a hamiltonian equation of motion
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Aldaya, V.; Navarro-Salas, J.
1992-01-01
A new canonical formalism for the free electromagnetic field is proposed in terms of an infinite-dimensional Lie group. The Gauss law is derived as a hamiltonian equation of motion and the quantum theory is obtained by constructing the irreducible representation of the group. The quantum Gauss law thus appears as an additional polarization equation and not as a constraint equation. (orig.)
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Klüter, Helmut
2009-01-01
Rezensiertes Werk: Keim, Karl-Dieter: Das Fenster zum Raum : Traktat über die Erforschung sozialräumlicher Transformation / Karl-Dieter Keim. - Opladen : Leske + Budrich, 2003. - 171 S. : graph. Darst. - (Lehrtexte : Sozialwissenschaften) ISBN 3-8100-4050-9
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Dalle pagine della Fackel agli Ultimi giorni dell’umanità. Karl Kraus e la guerra
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Riccardo Morello
2014-06-01
Full Text Available From Fackel’s pages to The Last Days of Mankind. Karl Kraus and the War. Between 1915 and the end of the war, Karl Kraus, an Austrian intellectual who had made political satire and criticism of journalistic language, engages in a fierce battle against the inhumanity and cruelty of war. On the pages of Fackel, a magazine published by him for over thirty years, from 1899 to 1936, he gathers many texts that then come together in the tragedy of the Last Days of Mankind, a great work, dripping horror, which seeks to represent the unrepresentable.
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Creating aperiodic photonic structures by synthesized Mathieu-Gauss beams
Vasiljević, Jadranka M.; Zannotti, Alessandro; Timotijević, Dejan V.; Denz, Cornelia; Savić, Dragana M. Jović
2017-08-01
We demonstrate a kind of aperiodic photonic structure realized using the interference of multiple Mathieu-Gauss beams. Depending on the beam configurations, their mutual distances, angles of rotation, or phase relations we are able to observe different classes of such aperiodic optically induced refractive index structures. Our experimental approach is based on the optical induction in a single parallel writing process.
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Schmadel, Lutz D.; Guski-Leinwand, Susanne
2011-08-01
Karl Julius Lohnert (1885-1944) with his double biography as astronomer and psychologist is hardly known in both fields. As a student of astronomy in Heidelberg, Lohnert discovered a couple of minor planets and he dedicated one to his PhD supervisor, the famous Leipzig professor for philosophy, Wilhelm Wundt. This connection is discussed for the first time almost one century after the naming of (635) Vundtia. The paper elucidates some biographical stations of Lohnert.
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Friedrich Nietzsche: the wandering and learned neuropath under Dionisius
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Marleide da Mota Gomes
2015-01-01
Full Text Available Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900 was a remarkable philologist-philosopher while remaining in a condition of ill-health. Issues about his wandering/disruptive behavior that might be a consequence and/or protection against his cognitive decline and multifaceted disease are presented. The life complex that raises speculations about its etiology is constituted by: insight, creativity and wandering behavior besides several symptoms and signs of disease(s, mainly neurological one. The most important issue to be considered at the moment is not the disease diagnosis (Lissauer’s general paresis or CADASIL, e.g., but the probable Nietzsche’s great cognitive reserve linked to the multifactorial etiology (genetic and environmental, and shared characteristics both to creativity and psychopathology. This makes any disease seems especial regarding Nietzsche, and whichever the diagnostic hypothesis has to consider the Nietzsche’s unique background to express any disease(s.
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Alles Leben ist Problemlösen: Zum 100. Geburtstag von Karl Raimund Popper
Kirchgässner, Gebhard
2002-01-01
Karl Popper wäre im Juli 2002 hundert Jahre alt geworden. Prof. Dr. Gebhard Kirchgässner würdigt den politischen Philosophen, der als bedeutendster Wissenschaftstheoretiker des 20. Jahrhunderts gilt.
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Karl Marx:"Er waart een spook door Europa" door Bart Tromp
ir.ing Ruud Thelosen
2011-01-01
In dit in 2006 verschenen boekje van prof. Sociologie Bart Tromp, die zelf in 2007 overleed, worden niet alleen belangrijke stukken van de hand van Karl Marx zelf weergegeven, maar ook een grondige biografie en een inleiding om het belang van Marx ook voor de actualiteit te benadrukken.
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An Alternative Method to Gauss-Jordan Elimination: Minimizing Fraction Arithmetic
Smith, Luke; Powell, Joan
2011-01-01
When solving systems of equations by using matrices, many teachers present a Gauss-Jordan elimination approach to row reducing matrices that can involve painfully tedious operations with fractions (which I will call the traditional method). In this essay, I present an alternative method to row reduce matrices that does not introduce additional…
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The Psychology of Thinking, Animal Psychology, and the Young Karl Popper
ter Hark, M.R.M.
2004-01-01
In the 1920s, Karl Popper wrote two large manuscripts on psychology that he never published. in his autobiography, Unended Quest, he attempts to reduce the importance of his work in psychology as much as possible, and in his philosophical work he is an antipsychologist. However, in this article, it
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General aspects of Gauss-Bonnet models without potential in dimension four
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Santillán, Osvaldo P., E-mail: firenzecita@hotmail.com [Departamento de Matemáticas Luis Santaló (IMAS), Buenos Aires (Argentina)
2017-07-01
In the present work, the isotropic and homogenous solutions with spatial curvature k =0 of four dimensional Gauss-Bonnet models are characterized. The main assumption is that the scalar field φ which is coupled to the Gauss-Bonnet term has no potential [1]–[2]. Some singular and some eternal solutions are described. The evolution of the universe is given in terms of a curve γ=( H (φ), φ) which is the solution of a polynomial equation P ( H {sup 2}, φ)=0 with φ dependent coefficients. In addition, it is shown that the initial conditions in these models put several restrictions on the evolution. For instance, an universe initially contracting will be contracting always for future times and an universe that is expanding was always expanding at past times. Thus, there are no cyclic cosmological solutions for this model. These results are universal, that is, independent on the form of the coupling f (φ) between the scalar field and the Gauss-Bonnet term. In addition, a proof that at a turning point φ-dot →0 a singularity necessarily emerges is presented, except for some specific choices of the coupling. This is valid unless the Hubble constant H → 0 at this point. This proof is based on the Raychaudhuri equation for the model. The description presented here is in part inspired in the works [3]–[4]. However, the mathematical methods that are implemented are complementary of those in these references, and they may be helpful for study more complicated situations in a future.
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Bamba, Kazuharu; Odintsov, Sergei D.; Sebastiani, Lorenzo; Zerbini, Sergio
2010-01-01
We study all four types of finite-time future singularities emerging in the late-time accelerating (effective quintessence/phantom) era from F(R,G)-gravity, where R and G are the Ricci scalar and the Gauss-Bonnet invariant, respectively. As an explicit example of F(R,G)-gravity, we also investigate modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity, so-called F(G)-gravity. In particular, we reconstruct the F(G)-gravity and F(R,G)-gravity models where accelerating cosmologies realizing the finite-time future singularities emerge. Furthermore, we discuss a possible way to cure the finite-time future singularities in F(G)-gravity and F(R,G)-gravity by taking into account higher-order curvature corrections. The example of non-singular realistic modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity is presented. It turns out that adding such non-singular modified gravity to singular Dark Energy makes the combined theory a non-singular one as well. (orig.)
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Kapitalismus versus Marktwirtschaft. Karl Marx und Fernand Braudel
Faber, Malte; Petersen, Thomas
2018-01-01
Since the beginning of the finance crisis, the notion of capitalism and the adjective capitalistic are more and more employed in public discourse without making an attempt to define it. In contrast, the concept of market economy is less used. We try in this paper to differentiate both concepts by going back to the approaches by Karl Marx (1818-1883) and Fernand Braudel (1902-1985). Marx does not use the term capitalism but only capitalistic production, while Braudel argues on the basis of a w...
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Karl Nagel : Pain things = Pain things / Eha Komissarov
Komissarov, Eha, 1947-
2007-01-01
Maali- ja videokunstnik Karl Nagelist kui probleemsest nüüdisaegsest kunstnikust, kes võtab provokatiivseid positsioone ideoloogiate ja poliitika küsimustes. Tema kunstnikupositsioon keerleb terrorismi, fašismi ja natsionalismi ümber, dissidendi positsioonile asununa on ta käsitlenud surma ja vägivalla teemat (Tšetšeenia sõda) ja üritanud sõna võtta ka kodanikuvabaduste laiendamise nimel. Sotsiaalse tegelikkuse ja kunsti vastandlikkuse küsimuses on ta võtnud nulltoleratsi taotleva seisukoha, võrdlemata kunsti tegelikkusega
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Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database
Trnková, Petra
2015-01-01
Roč. 39, č. 2 (2015), s. 121-141 ISSN 0308-7298 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GPP409/11/P834 Institutional support: RVO:68378033 Keywords : photography * 19th century * daguerreotype * portraiture * Friedrich Franz * Franz Xaver Braumüller * Anton Gindl * Albin Heinrich * Cyril Napp * Josef Carl Lauer * Carl Schuh * Josef Wawra * Andreas Ettingshausen * Voigtländer metal camera * Ackerbaugesellschaft * Brno * Moravia * early photography in Central Europe Subject RIV: AL - Art, Architecture, Cultural Heritage
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Karl Barth's definition of church in politics and culture: Growth points ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
The article describes briefly Karl Barth's views on church, its role in politics and how it relates to culture. This is done by identifying the way in which the church participates in the social realm through its relationship with the State. The historic religious question asks whether there is a natural mutual-determining relationship ...
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Reinhart, Brad; Fuelberg, Henry; Blakeslee, Richard; Mach, Douglas; Heymsfield, Andrew; Bansemer, Aaron; Durden, Stephen L.; Tanelli, Simone; Heymsfield, Gerald; Lambrigtsen, Bjorn
2013-01-01
This study explores relationships between lightning, cloud microphysics, and tropical cyclone (TC) storm structure in Hurricane Karl (16 September 2010) using data collected by the NASA DC-8 and Global Hawk (GH) aircraft during NASA's Genesis and Rapid Intensification Processes (GRIP) experiment. The research capitalizes on the unique opportunity provided by GRIP to synthesize multiple datasets from two aircraft and analyze the microphysical and kinematic properties of an electrified TC. Five coordinated flight legs through Karl by the DC-8 and GH are investigated, focusing on the inner-core region (within 50km of the storm center) where the lightning was concentrated and the aircraft were well coordinated. GRIP datasets are used to compare properties of electrified and nonelectrified inner-core regions that are related to the noninductive charging mechanism, which is widely accepted to explain the observed electric fields within thunderstorms. Three common characteristics of Karl's electrified regions are identified: 1) strong updrafts of 10-20ms21, 2) deep mixed-phase layers indicated by reflectivities.30 dBZ extending several kilometers above the freezing level, and 3) microphysical environments consisting of graupel, very small ice particles, and the inferred presence of supercooled water. These characteristics describe an environment favorable for in situ noninductive charging and, hence, TC electrification. The electrified regions in Karl's inner core are attributable to a microphysical environment that was conducive to electrification because of occasional, strong convective updrafts in the eyewall.
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Millisele õpetajale kingiksite imerohu? / Karl Martin Sinijärv, Vahur Keller, Kaarel Tarand ... [jt.
2010-01-01
Küsimusele vastavad: Eesti kirjanike liidu esimees Karl Martin Sinijärv, nuku- ja noorsooteatri lavastaja Vahur Keller, Sirbi peatoimetaja Kaarel Tarand, kirjanik Andrus Kivirähk, ajakirjanik Juhani Püttsepp
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Two new modified Gauss-Seidel methods for linear system with M-matrices
Zheng, Bing; Miao, Shu-Xin
2009-12-01
In 2002, H. Kotakemori et al. proposed the modified Gauss-Seidel (MGS) method for solving the linear system with the preconditioner [H. Kotakemori, K. Harada, M. Morimoto, H. Niki, A comparison theorem for the iterative method with the preconditioner () J. Comput. Appl. Math. 145 (2002) 373-378]. Since this preconditioner is constructed by only the largest element on each row of the upper triangular part of the coefficient matrix, the preconditioning effect is not observed on the nth row. In the present paper, to deal with this drawback, we propose two new preconditioners. The convergence and comparison theorems of the modified Gauss-Seidel methods with these two preconditioners for solving the linear system are established. The convergence rates of the new proposed preconditioned methods are compared. In addition, numerical experiments are used to show the effectiveness of the new MGS methods.
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Rotational hypersurfaces with $L_r$-pointwise 1-type Gauss map
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Akram Mohammadpouri
2018-07-01
Full Text Available In this paper, we study hypersurfaces in $\\E^{n+1}$ which Gauss map $G$ satisfies the equation $L_rG = f(G + C$ for a smooth function $f$ and a constant vector $C$, where $L_r$ is the linearized operator of the $(r + 1$th mean curvature of the hypersurface, i.e., $L_r(f=tr(P_r\\circ\
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The block Gauss-Seidel method in sound transmission problems
Poblet-Puig, Jordi; Rodríguez Ferran, Antonio
2009-01-01
Sound transmission through partitions can be modelled as an acoustic fluid-elastic structure interaction problem. The block Gauss-Seidel iterative method is used in order to solve the finite element linear system of equations. The blocks are defined in a natural way, respecting the fluid and structural domains. The convergence criterion (spectral radius of iteration matrix smaller than one) is analysed and interpreted in physical terms by means of simple one-dimensional problems. This anal...
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Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) and Karl Köller (1857-1944) and the discovery of local anesthesia.
dos Reis, Almiro
2009-01-01
The understanding, occasionally recognized, that Sigmund Freud had the intuition to use cocaine as local anesthetic for surgical procedures, or even that he played any role in the discovery of local anesthesia is not true. The objective of Freud's studies were different, and based in irrefutable evidence, Karl Köller was the real inventor of local anesthesia. In face of those facts, proper knowledge of this historically important subject is due. This report refers to the long-known properties of cocaine. It also remembers personal data, and the professional and scientific activities of Sigmund Freud and Karl Köller. It presents Freud's researches on the pathophysiological effects of cocaine. It exposes the reasons for the harsh criticism of Freud's concepts. It describes the sudden, but conscious and justified, idea of Karl Köller to study scientifically the use of cocaine as a local anesthetic in animals and humans. It indicates how those pioneering studies, that culminated with the discovery of local anesthesia by Köller and two presentations in Vienna on the subject, were done. It also reports the first ophthalmologic surgery under local anesthesia. It shows the immediate dissemination throughout the world of the discovery that marked the beginning of regional blocks. It comments several documents corroborating the role of Köller in this discovery. And, finally, it mentions the numerous homages received by Köller in different areas of the world. COCLUSIONS: Regional block was introduced by Karl Köller in 1884, when he demonstrated the feasibility of performing painless ophthalmologic surgeries by using cocaine as a local anesthetic. Sigmund Freud studied cocaine extensively, but he did not have direct participation in this important discovery.
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Karl Menningu (ja iseenese) päästmiseks / Ants Hein
Hein, Ants, 1952-
2008-01-01
Vastuseks Karin Hallas-Murula arvustusele "Maja, mis on sümbol" (Sirp, 2007, 5. X, lk. 13) ja Mait Väljase arvustusele "Iseolemise algus arhitektuuris" (Maja, 2008, nr. 1, lk. 86-87) oma 2007. a. ilmunud raamatust "Maja kui sümbol : Eesti Üliõpilaste Seltsi hoone Tartus" kohta. Georg Hellati ja Karl Menningu osalusest EÜS-i hoone sünniloos. Frank Lloyd Wrightist kui võimalikust eeskujuandjast
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Roosna-Alliku mõisa häärber / Karl Kolopka, Nele Rohtla, Johann Schultz
Kolopka, Karl
2004-01-01
12 ill.; peahoone ehitati Johann Schultzi kavandite järgi, siseinterjööri ilmestava Louis XVI stiilis stukitöö tegi Karl Kolopka, häärber restaureeriti Nele Rohtla (OÜ Mõisaprojekt) suunamisel
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The Potassium-Argon Laser Experiment (KArLE): In Situ Geochronology for Planetary Robotic Missions
Cohen, Barbara
2016-01-01
The Potassium (K) - Argon (Ar) Laser Experiment (KArLE) will make in situ noble-gas geochronology measurements aboard planetary robotic landers and roverss. Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is used to measure the K abun-dance in a sample and to release its noble gases; the evolved Ar is measured by mass spectrometry (MS); and rela-tive K content is related to absolute Ar abundance by sample mass, determined by optical measurement of the ablated volume. KArLE measures a whole-rock K-Ar age to 10% or better for rocks 2 Ga or older, sufficient to resolve the absolute age of many planetary samples. The LIBS-MS approach is attractive because the analytical components have been flight proven, do not require further technical development, and provide complementary measurements as well as in situ geochronology.
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O marxismo antidogmático de Karl Korsch
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Nildo Viana
2013-06-01
Full Text Available O presente artigo tematiza o marxismo de Karl Korsch, focalizando seu caráter não dogmático. A partir de um resgate do caráter crítico e revolucionário do marxismo de Marx, Korsch realiza uma crítica radical ao revisionismo e leninismo. Para tal, ele não só resgata o verdadeiro caráter da dialética marxista e da concepção materialista da história, como exige a coerência dessa concepção ao defender o princípio de aplicação dela a si mesma. Assim ele lança as bases de um marxismo não dogmático, para o qual é o vínculo com o proletariado que mostra o caráter do marxismo e não ideologias petrificadas. Abstract: This article thematizes Marxism of Karl Korsch, focusing on its non dogmatic. From a rescue of criticality and revolutionary Marxism of Marx, Korsch performs a radical critique of revisionism and Leninism. To do so, he not only rescues the true character of Marxist dialectics and materialist conception of history, as this concept requires consistency in defending the principle of applying it to herself. So he lays the foundations of a non-dogmatic Marxism, to which is the bond with the proletariat that shows the character of Marxism and not petrified ideologies. Key words: Marxism, dogmatism, criticism, historical materialism, dialectical.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Durán Guardeño, Antonio J.
2002-01-01
Full Text Available Not available
Usando como hilo conductor la recuperación y superación del legado matemático -y científico- griego, se analizarán en esta colaboración cuatro importantes efemérides matemáticas: la muerte de Thābit ibn Qurra (901, los nacimientos de Gerolamo Cardano (1501 y Pierre de Fermat (1601 y la publicación de las Disquisitiones Arithmeticae de Karl F. Gauss (1801. Con esta perspectiva, consideraremos las contribuciones de Thābit al primer renacimiento de la ciencia y filosofía griegas que se produjo a partir del siglo VIH de manos de los árabes. Gerolamo Cardano aparecerá como actor de otro Renacimiento -este lo solemos escribir con mayúscula-: el italiano; que en este caso culminó con la recuperación para la Europa Occidental de la matemática, filosofía y ciencia griegas, además del arte. La figura de Pierre de Fermat se mostrará decisiva en la creación durante el siglo XVII de las dos herramientas matemáticas que suponen, tras dos mil años de historia, la superación conceptual y operativa de la matemática griega: la geometría analítica y el cálculo diferencial. Aunque en otra medida que Thābit, Cardano y Fermat, las Disquisitiones también pueden conectarse con el espíritu del mundo griego; fue, de hecho, el mismo Gauss quien lo invocó para darle realce y significado a uno de los principales resultados de su libro -el estudio de los polígonos regulares que admiten ser construidos con regla y compás-: «Es ciertamente atónito que nada nuevo se haya añadido a esta teoría desde los tiempos de Euclides hace ya 2.000 años». -
El racionalismo crítico de Karl Popper
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Luis María Delio Machado
2015-10-01
Full Text Available El presente artículo, pretende acercar algunos de los aspectos más importantes del pensamiento de uno de los filósofos más destacados de nuestro tiempo: Sir Karl Popper. Su presencia atraviesa nuestro siglo, presentándose como una de las voces visionarias y anticipadoras que se alzaron críticamente, contra toda actitud o acción que estuviese fundada en lo dogmático y que tuviese como finalidad, el olvido o la superación del individuo, aunque dicho olvido estuviese "justificado" por oraculares "bienes o fines superiores". (...
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[Karl Marx and the Malthusian theory of population].
Jaggi, S
1985-06-01
An analysis of the works of Karl Marx is presented in order to demonstrate the importance of the population factor. The author contends that population growth is a critical factor in Marx's theory of the progressive impoverishment of the working class. However, because of his reluctance to acknowledge the value of the Malthusian contribution, Marx focused his analysis of the labor force under capitalism on the demand for workers and neglected the supply side, which is determined by the growth of population. The author concludes that Marxist theory would have benefited from greater consideration of Malthusian theory.
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5D black hole solution in Einstein-Yang-Mills-Gauss-Bonnet theory
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Mazharimousavi, S. Habib; Halilsoy, M.
2007-01-01
By adopting the 5D version of the Wu-Yang ansatz we present in closed form a black hole solution in the Einstein-Yang-Mills-Gauss-Bonnet theory. In the Einstein-Yang-Mills limit, we recover the 5D black hole solution already known
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The effect of the Gauss-Bonnet term on Hawking radiation from arbitrary dimensional black brane
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Kuang, Xiao-Mei; Saavedra, Joel; Oevguen, Ali
2017-01-01
We investigate the probabilities of the tunneling and the radiation spectra of massive spin-1 particles from arbitrary dimensional Gauss-Bonnet-Axions (GBA) Anti-de Sitter (AdS) black branes, via using the WKB approximation to the Proca spin-1 field equation. The tunneling probabilities and Hawking temperature of the arbitrary dimensional GBA AdS black brane is calculated via the Hamilton-Jacobi approach. We also compute the Hawking temperature via the Parikh-Wilczek tunneling approach. The results obtained from the two methods are consistent. In our setup, the Gauss-Bonnet (GB) coupling affects the Hawking temperature if and only if the momentum of the axion fields is non-vanishing. (orig.)
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The effect of the Gauss-Bonnet term on Hawking radiation from arbitrary dimensional black brane
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Kuang, Xiao-Mei [Instituto de Fisica, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Valparaiso (Chile); Yangzhou University, Center for Gravitation and Cosmology, College of Physical Science and Technology, Yangzhou (China); Saavedra, Joel [Instituto de Fisica, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Valparaiso (Chile); Oevguen, Ali [Instituto de Fisica, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Valparaiso (Chile); Eastern Mediterranean University, Physics Department, Famagusta, Northern Cyprus (Country Unknown)
2017-09-15
We investigate the probabilities of the tunneling and the radiation spectra of massive spin-1 particles from arbitrary dimensional Gauss-Bonnet-Axions (GBA) Anti-de Sitter (AdS) black branes, via using the WKB approximation to the Proca spin-1 field equation. The tunneling probabilities and Hawking temperature of the arbitrary dimensional GBA AdS black brane is calculated via the Hamilton-Jacobi approach. We also compute the Hawking temperature via the Parikh-Wilczek tunneling approach. The results obtained from the two methods are consistent. In our setup, the Gauss-Bonnet (GB) coupling affects the Hawking temperature if and only if the momentum of the axion fields is non-vanishing. (orig.)
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The psychology of thinking, animal psychology, and the young Karl Popper.
Ter Hark, Michel
2004-01-01
In the 1920s, Karl Popper wrote two large manuscripts on psychology that he never published. In his autobiography, Unended Quest, he attempts to reduce the importance of his work in psychology as much as possible, and in his philosophical work he is an antipsychologist. However, in this article, it is argued that Popper's early psychology has been pivotally important for the development of his philosophy. In particular, it is shown that Popper's views on psychology underwent a radical shift, one that paved the way for his characteristic deductive stance in philosophy. Popper's views shifted from an inductive and associationistic psychology toward a noninductive psychology of problem solving. Tracing the historical background of Popper's early work reveals how he integrated various parts of the psychology of Karl Groos into his analysis of the childish phenomenon of dogmatic thinking and how he shortly after appropriated various elements of the animal psychology of Hans Volkelt and Herbert Jennings in his biological approach to (dogmatic) thinking. In the monumental works of Otto Selz, however, Popper finally found the roots of a noninductive and biological approach to the growth of individual and scientific knowledge. Copyright 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Shields, William
2004-05-01
Karl Popper, though not trained as a physicist and embarrassed early in his career by a physics error pointed out by Einstein and Bohr, ultimately made substantial contributions to the interpretation of quantum mechanics. As was often the case, Popper initially formulated his position by criticizing the views of others - in this case Niels Bohr and Werner Heisenberg. Underlying Popper's criticism was his belief that, first, the "standard interpretation" of quantum mechanics, sometimes called the Copenhagen interpretation, abandoned scientific realism and second, the assertion that quantum theory was "complete" (an assertion rejected by Einstein among others) amounted to an unfalsifiable claim. Popper insisted that the most basic predictions of quantum mechanics should continue to be tested, with an eye towards falsification rather than mere adding of decimal places to confirmatory experiments. His persistent attacks on the Copenhagen interpretation were aimed not at the uncertainty principle itself and the formalism from which it was derived, but at the acceptance by physicists of an unclear epistemology and ontology that left critical questions unanswered. In 1999, physicists at the University of Maryland conducted a version of Popper's Experiment, re-igniting the debate over quantum predictions and the role of locality in physics.
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Black-hole solutions with scalar hair in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet theories
Antoniou, G.; Bakopoulos, A.; Kanti, P.
2018-04-01
In the context of the Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet theory, with a general coupling function between the scalar field and the quadratic Gauss-Bonnet term, we investigate the existence of regular black-hole solutions with scalar hair. Based on a previous theoretical analysis, which studied the evasion of the old and novel no-hair theorems, we consider a variety of forms for the coupling function (exponential, even and odd polynomial, inverse polynomial, and logarithmic) that, in conjunction with the profile of the scalar field, satisfy a basic constraint. Our numerical analysis then always leads to families of regular, asymptotically flat black-hole solutions with nontrivial scalar hair. The solution for the scalar field and the profile of the corresponding energy-momentum tensor, depending on the value of the coupling constant, may exhibit a nonmonotonic behavior, an unusual feature that highlights the limitations of the existing no-hair theorems. We also determine and study in detail the scalar charge, horizon area, and entropy of our solutions.
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Friedrich Heiler and the Psychology of Religion
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Tatiana Samarina
2014-08-01
Full Text Available The author examines the work of the celebrated German religious researcher Friedrich Heiler in relation to the problematic surrounding the psychology of religion. Heiler himself subtitled his first classic work, Prayer , with the words a study of religious-history and of religious-psychology . This presumably meant that he considered himself a student of the psychology of religion. The author contrasts Heiler’s ideas on this subject with those put forward by his contemporaries, all of whom studied the psychology of religion: William James, Evelyn Underhill, and Sigmund Freud. The author’s analysis reveals that Heiler was very familiar with the studies produced by several early students of the psychology of religion: Leub, Starbuck, and Sabbate. He often employs them to glean examples for his own research but does not take any of them seriously. James’ division of religious believers into the twice-born and the once-born has similarities with Heiler’s own types of mystic and prophetic religiosity. There are also many similarities between the theory of mystical ascension proposed by Evelyn Underhill and the examples of religious mysticism proposed by Heiler. While analyzing the phenomenon of matrimonial mysticism, Heiler often refers to elements of Freud’s psychoanalysis, thinking it adequate to explain certain erotic elements inherent in religious reflection, but at the same time, unable to explain the religious phenomenon on the whole.
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USA presidendi üks peamisi nõunikke Karl Rove lahkub ametist / Kaivo Kopli
Kopli, Kaivo
2007-01-01
1993. aastast praeguse USA presidendi George B. Bushiga koos töötanud Karl Rove lahkub ametist perekonna huvides. K. Rove on uurimise all olnud seoses CIA agendi Valerie Plame'i paljastamisega, Senati komitee kuulas teda üle kaheksa föderaalprokuröri vallandamise uurimise raames
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The adventurous life of Friedrich Georg Houtermans, physicist (1903-1966)
Braccini, Saverio; Ereditato, Antonio; Scampoli, Paola
2012-01-01
The physicist Friedrich Houtermans (1903-1966) was an essential promoter and proponent of the development of physics in Berne. He introduced a number of activities in the field of elementary particles, with a special focus on the physics of cosmic rays, and important contributions in applied physics. This biography of Houtermans was written by Edoardo Amaldi and was almost finished just before his unexpected death in 1989. The editors have only corrected typographical errors and have introduced only minimal text changes in order to preserve the original content. Additionally they have collected and included unpublished pictures and memories from Houtermans’ students and collaborators. The text is the result of a thorough and intensive study on Houtermans’ life and character carried out by Edoardo Amaldi. It is more than a biography, since the figure of Houtermans is set in a historical perspective of Europe between the two world wars. This book will be of great interest to historians and historians of sci...
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Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker major texts in physics
2014-01-01
This book presents a collection of texts by the German physicist and philosopher Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker (1912-2007), for use in seminars on the history, epistemology and structure of physics. Most texts appear in English for the first time. Weizsäcker became famous through his works in physics, mainly in the early development of nuclear physics. Later he would also become well known as a philosopher and analyst of contemporary culture. Texts include the original publications of the “Weizsäcker-Bethe formula” of nuclear masses and the “Bethe-Weizsäcker cycle,” which explains the source of energy in the sun; both were developed by Bethe at the same time and independently of Weizsäcker. Further texts deal with Weizsäcker’s explanation of the origin of planets, his explanation of the “time arrow” in Statistical Mechanics and his analyses of Quantum Mechanics and the structure of physics in general.
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Reduction of quantum systems and the local Gauss law
Stienstra, Ruben; van Suijlekom, Walter D.
2018-05-01
We give an operator-algebraic interpretation of the notion of an ideal generated by the unbounded operators associated with the elements of the Lie algebra of a Lie group that implements the symmetries of a quantum system. We use this interpretation to establish a link between Rieffel induction and the implementation of a local Gauss law in lattice gauge theories similar to the method discussed by Kijowski and Rudolph (J Math Phys 43:1796-1808, 2002; J Math Phys 46:032303, 2004).
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Colliding scalar pulses in the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Shinkai Hisaaki
2018-01-01
Full Text Available We numerically investigated how the nonlinear dynamics depends on the dimensionality and on the higher-order curvature corrections in the form of Gauss-Bonnet (GB terms, with a model of colliding scalar pulses in plane-symmetric space-time. We observed that a collision of large scalar pulses will produce a large-curvature region, of which the magnitude depends on αGB. The normal corrections (αGB > 0 work for avoiding the appearance of singularity, although it is inevitable.
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Increasing reliability of Gauss-Kronrod quadrature by Eratosthenes' sieve method
Adam, Gh.; Adam, S.
2001-04-01
The reliability of the local error estimates returned by the Gauss-Kronrod quadrature rules can be raised up to the theoretical 100% rate of success, under error estimate sharpening, provided a number of natural validating conditions are required. The self-validating scheme of the local error estimates, which is easy to implement and adds little supplementary computing effort, strengthens considerably the correctness of the decisions within the automatic adaptive quadrature.
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The Cousins of Stuxnet: Duqu, Flame, and Gauss
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Márk Félegyházi
2012-11-01
Full Text Available Stuxnet was the first targeted malware that received worldwide attention forcausing physical damage in an industrial infrastructure seemingly isolated from the onlineworld. Stuxnet was a powerful targeted cyber-attack, and soon other malware samples were discovered that belong to this family. In this paper, we will first present our analysis of Duqu, an information-collecting malware sharing striking similarities with Stuxnet. Wedescribe our contributions in the investigation ranging from the original detection of Duquvia finding the dropper file to the design of a Duqu detector toolkit. We then continue with the analysis of the Flame advanced information-gathering malware. Flame is unique in thesense that it used advanced cryptographic techniques to masquerade as a legitimate proxyfor the Windows Update service. We also present the newest member of the family, called Gauss, whose unique feature is that one of its modules is encrypted such that it can onlybe decrypted on its target system; hence, the research community has not yet been able to analyze this module. For this particular malware, we designed a Gauss detector serviceand we are currently collecting intelligence information to be able to break its very specialencryption mechanism. Besides explaining the operation of these pieces of malware, wealso examine if and how they could have been detected by vigilant system administrators manually or in a semi-automated manner using available tools. Finally, we discuss lessonsthat the community can learn from these incidents. We focus on technical issues, and avoidspeculations on the origin of these threats and other geopolitical questions.
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Time-domain incomplete Gauss-Newton full-waveform inversion of Gulf of Mexico data
AlTheyab, Abdullah; Wang, Xin; Schuster, Gerard T.
2013-01-01
We apply the incomplete Gauss-Newton full-waveform inversion (TDIGN-FWI) to Gulf of Mexico (GOM) data in the space-time domain. In our application, iterative least-squares reverse-time migration (LSRTM) is used to estimate the model update at each
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Karl pearson the scientific life in a statistical age
Porter, Theodore M
2010-01-01
Karl Pearson, founder of modern statistics, came to this field by way of passionate early studies of philosophy and cultural history as well as ether physics and graphical geometry. His faith in science grew out of a deeply moral quest, reflected also in his socialism and his efforts to find a new basis for relations between men and women. This biography recounts Pearson's extraordinary intellectual adventure and sheds new light on the inner life of science. Theodore Porter's intensely personal portrait of Pearson extends from religious crisis and sexual tensions to metaphysical and even m
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Wie is die sondaar? Die beskouing van Karl Barth
F. J. van Zyl
1994-01-01
Who is the sinner? The view of Karl Barth The previous article dealt with Barth’s view of the knowledge and real essence of sin, while this one focus on his view of the human being as sinner. In accordance with his christological approach to all theological matters, Barth presents us with a description of the image and character of the sinner as mirrored by the obedient suffering and death of Jesus Christ on the cross in the place of all sinners of all times - past, present and future. Th...
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Epistemological anarchism of Paul Karl Feyerabend and medical education
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Andréia Patrícia Gomes
Full Text Available The thoughts of the philosopher Paul Karl Feyerabend brought important contributions to the debate on Science in the 20th century. Most recently his views about non-existence of a single method for doing science have been employed to rethink science education and propose the use of multiple methods for effective teaching-learning process. This article employs the theoretical framework of the author expressed in the book Against Method, 1977, about the epistemological anarchism and the methodological pluralism and uses it in the contemporary discussion of medical education.
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Tim, Jan Lucas ja Karl Robert - vennad üheks kuuks / Maris Laurits
Laurits, Maris
2009-01-01
Rakvere Teatri suvelavastuse "Vennad Lõvisüdamed" kaks Karli osatäitjat Jan Lucas Videvik ja Tim Leesnurm ning Joonatani osatäitja Karl Robert Saaremäe tegid Loksal Kaldmaa talus ratsasõiduproove. Üllar Saaremäe lavastuse "Vennad Lõvisüdamed" (Astrid Lindgreni samanimelise jutustuse järgi) esietendus on 11. juunil Rakvere teatri taga aias
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Røsok, Ingvild
2011-01-01
In this thesis I have investigated the transcendental theology of Karl Rahner, in order to find a theological basis for understanding the concept of kenosis as a following of Christ. Ignatian spirituality was then explored to deepen the understanding and to point to the consequences of such an understanding of kenosis. The research question was: How do the transcendental theology and the Ignatian spirituality of Karl Rahner contribute to an understanding of kenosis as a following of Christ?
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Neubert, S; Melzer, H
1977-01-01
We report on 39 barren patients suffering from anovulatory cycle disturbances or corpus luteum inadequacies. Them were given treatment in the Gynecological Hospital of Karl-Marx-Stadt County at Karl-Marx-Stadt in the past few years and were administered Clomiphendihydrogencitrate or Cyclophenyl to provoke ovulation. Before and during therapy, the total of estrogenes and pregnanediol were determined in the 24h-urine every two days. The clinical data and the results of the hormone investigations were analysed, and an attempt was made to derive a forecast from the estrogene and pregnanediol secretion so as to be able to form an opinion on the positive or negative result of the treatment.
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The Magnetic Observatory Buildings at the Royal Observatory, Cape
Glass, I. S.
2015-10-01
During the 1830s there arose a strong international movement, promoted by Carl Friedrich Gauss and Alexander von Humboldt, to characterise the earth's magnetic field. By 1839 the Royal Society in London, driven by Edward Sabine, had organised a "Magnetic Crusade" - the establishment of a series of magnetic and meteorological observatories around the British Empire, including New Zealand, Australia, St Helena and the Cape. This article outlines the history of the latter installation, its buildings and what became of them.
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[Development of child neuropsychiatry at the Karl Marx University of Leipzig].
Gebelt, H
1978-05-01
The development of pedoneuropsychiatry at the University of Leipzig is marked by the opening in 1926 of the first "Department of Pedopsychiatric Observation", the establishment of the Clinic of Pedoneuropsychiatry as an independent unit of the Department of Medicine, Karl Marx University, and the setting up in 1976 of a Chair of Pedoneuropsychiatry. Paul Schröder's and R. A. Pfeifer's services to their university are particularly appreciated.
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[Results of school inspections in the county of Karl-Marx-Stadt (author's transl)].
Arnold, J
1978-10-01
Within the Health Protection in Childhood and Adolescence Research Project a hygienic inspection questionnaire was designed for schools. To test this questionnaire, 248 schools in 11 districts of the county of Karl-Marx-Stadt were inspected. From the ascertainments made, several instances are cited to point out the priorities of school hygiene.
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Karl Marx and the Paris Commune of 1871: Tracing Traditions of Critical Pedagogy
McGray, Robert
2014-01-01
In 1871, citizens of the war torn arrondissements of Paris, in the face of traumatic political and military turmoil, established a new local form of government. The Paris Commune, as this government became known as in the English world, attracted attention for its alternative political-economic organization. One notable commentator was Karl Marx…
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Friedrich Creuzer (1771-1858 à l’Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Sotera Fornaro
2010-12-01
Full Text Available La contribution donnera une vue d’ensemble des relations personnelles et culturelles qui ont déterminé la réception dans la culture française de l’œuvre Symbolik und Mythologie de Friedrich Creuzer (1771-1858. L’élection de Creuzer comme membre de l’Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres en 1825 y constituera l’épisode central qui s’inscrit dans un cadre plus large du « transfert culturel » franco-allemand.Pour sa réception en France, Sylvestre de Sacy, président de la Société Asiatique, jouait un rôle décisif. C’est surtout grâce à son initiative que Creuzer fut élu membre de l’Académie des Inscriptions où il devenait, en 1826, le successeur du fameux Friedrich August Wolf et fut accueilli au même moment que Wilhelm von Humboldt, une coïncidence qui porta à Creuzer une estime incontestable qu’en Allemagne, il lui manquait. La querelle de méthode que sa Symbolique avait provoquée en Allemagne y conduisit à une marginalisation dans la philologie classique officielle. De plus, il fut accusé de « cryptocatholicisme », de « trahison » de la foi protestante et, d’une façon implicite, d’adhésion à la maçonnerie. En France, jusqu’à sa réception à l’Académie, Creuzer n’était pas connu pour sa Symbolique, mais plutôt pour ses travaux sur l’historiographie antique et ses éditions de Cicéron. Pendant son séjour à l’Académie des Inscriptions à Paris en 1827, il s’efforçait, d’après ses propres notes autobiographiques, d’éviter des débats sur la mythologie ou la religion et de se présenter comme chercheur strictement historique. À Paris, il approfondit ses recherches orientales en entrant en contact avec Félix Lajard, Eugène Burnouf et Edgar Quinet. Creuzer y rencontra aussi son traducteur Jean Daniel Guigniaut qui allait travailler plus de 25 ans à la traduction et récriture de la Symbolique. La révision de Guigniaut eut une influence énorme dans la
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Axes, planes and tubes, or the geometry of embryogenesis.
Brauckmann, Sabine
2011-12-01
The paper presents selected figures of chick embryogenesis as depicted in the classic studies of Caspar Friedrich Wolff (1734-1794), Christian Heinrich Pander (1794-1865) and Karl Ernst von Baer (1792-1786). My main objective here is (1) to demonstrate how the imagery of Wolff, Pander and Baer attempted to project an image of a 3-dimensional rotating body into static figures on paper by means of linear contours, and (2) to ponder on the efficacy and pervasiveness of dots, lines and arrows for depicting embryogenesis. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Scalar hair around charged black holes in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Grandi, Nicolás; Landea, Ignacio Salazar
2018-02-01
We explore charged black hole solutions in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity in five dimensions, with a charged scalar hair. We interpret such hairy black holes as the final state of the superradiant instability previously reported for this system. We explore the relation of the hairy black hole solutions with the nonbackreacting quasibound states and scalar clouds, as well as with the boson star solutions.
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Reconstruction of the Scalar Field Potential in Inflationary Models with a Gauss-Bonnet term
Koh, Seoktae; Lee, Bum-Hoon; Tumurtushaa, Gansukh
2017-06-01
We consider inflationary models with a Gauss-Bonnet term to reconstruct the scalar-field potentials and the Gauss-Bonnet coupling functions. Both expressions are derived from the observationally favored configurations of ns and r . Our result implies that, for the reconstructed potentials and coupling functions, the blue tilt of inflationary tensor fluctuations can be realized. To achieve a blue tilt for the inflationary tensor fluctuations, a scalar field must climb up its potential before rolling down. We further investigate the properties of propagation of the perturbation modes in Friedmann-Robertson-Walker spacetime. For the reconstructed configurations that give rise to the blue tilt for the inflationary tensor fluctuations, we show that the ghosts and instabilities are absent with the superluminal propagation speeds for the scalar perturbation modes, whereas the propagation speeds of the tensor perturbations are subluminal.
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Karl Korsch e a Comuna de Paris
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Luciano Cavini Martorano
2011-03-01
Full Text Available
Apesar de haver escrito uma extensa obra que ainda vem sendo editada no seu país natal, o marxista alemão Karl Korsch é praticamente desconhecido no Brasil – exceção feita a alguns poucos pesquisadores. Além da recente edição brasileira de seu importante trabalho Marxismo e filosofia (Editora UFRJ, e de alguns outros textos e artigos que podem ser encontrados em diferentes sites, o acesso ao conjunto de sua obra ainda é bastante difícil.
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Kink-antikink, trapping bags and five-dimensional Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Giovannini, Massimo
2006-01-01
Five-dimensional Gauss-Bonnet gravity, with one warped extra-dimension, allows classes of solutions where two scalar fields combine either in a kink-antikink system or in a trapping bag configuration. While the kink-antikink system can be interpreted as a pair of gravitating domain walls with opposite topological charges, the trapping bag solution consists of a domain wall supplemented by a non-topological defect. In both classes of solutions, for large absolute values of the bulk coordinate ...
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Mueller, A.
1985-01-01
The advantage of the Gauss-function-based models doubtlessly consists in their proven propagation parameter sets and empirical stack plume rise formulas and in their easy matchability and handability. However, grid models based on trace matter transport equation are more convincing concerning their fundamental principle. Grid models of the MODIS type are to acquire a practical applicability comparable to Gauss models by developing techniques allowing to consider the vertical self-movement of the plumes in grid models and to secure improved diffusion co-efficient determination. (orig./PW) [de
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Nonparaxial Bessel and Bessel-Gauss pincers light-sheets
Mitri, F. G.
2017-01-01
Nonparaxial optical Bessel and Bessel-Gauss pincers optical-sheets are introduced based upon the angular spectrum decomposition in plane waves. The angular spectrum function and the beam-shape coefficients are expressed by means of improper integrals computed numerically. The radiated component of the electric field is also evaluated, displaying unique features of the nonparaxial Bessel pincers light-sheets. This new type of auto-focusing light-sheets finds potential applications in the development of novel methods in optical light-sheet tweezers for particle manipulation in opto-fluidics, particle sizing and imaging. Numerical predictions for the scattering, radiation force and torque, and particle dynamics also benefit from the developed beam solution.
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Obituary: Ludwig Friedrich Oster, 1931-2003
Sofia, Sabatino; Altschuler, Martin D.
2003-12-01
Ludwig Friedrich Oster died at the Anchorage Nursing and Rehabilitation Center in Salisbury, MD on 28 February 2003, of complications from advanced Alzheimer's disease. He is survived by his wife Cheryl M. (Oroian) and his two children by a previous marriage, Ulrika and Mattias Oster. He had a distinguished career both as a researcher in solar physics and as a science administrator in the National Science Foundation. Ludwig was born on 8 March 1931 in Konstanz, Germany and emigrated to the U.S. in 1958, acquiring American citizenship in 1963. His mother and father were Emma Josefine (Schwarz) and Ludwig Friedrich Oster. He got a BS degree in physics at the University of Freiburg under the guidance of Prof. K. O. Kiepenheuer in 1951, and a MS (1954) and PhD from the University of Kiel in 1956 under the guidance of Prof. A. Unsold. From 1956 to 1958 he was a Fellow of the German Science Council at Kiel and, upon his arrival to the US in 1958, he became a Postdoctoral Research Associate in the Physics Department of Yale University. He became an Assistant Professor of Physics and Astrophysics at Yale in 1960 and five years later he was promoted to Associate Professor. In 1967 he became an Associate Professor of Physics and Astrophysics at the University of Colorado and a Fellow of the Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics; he was promoted to Full Professor in 1970. In 1981 he was a Visiting Professor at Johns Hopkins University, and shortly thereafter became a National Research Council Senior Associate at NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, MD, where he worked on solar variability. He joined the National Science Foundation in 1983, where he became the Program Manager for the National Radio Astronomy Observatory in the Division of Astronomical Sciences of the Foundation; he remained there until his retirement in 1996. His early work, started in Germany and continued at Yale, concerned radiation mechanisms related to solar phenomena. His works on
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Projected Gauss-Seidel subspace minimization method for interactive rigid body dynamics
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Silcowitz-Hansen, Morten; Abel, Sarah Maria Niebe; Erleben, Kenny
2010-01-01
artifacts such as viscous or damped contact response. In this paper, we present a new approach to contact force determination. We formulate the contact force problem as a nonlinear complementarity problem, and discretize the problem to derive the Projected Gauss–Seidel method. We combine the Projected Gauss......–Seidel method with a subspace minimization method. Our new method shows improved qualities and superior convergence properties for specific configurations....
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New higher-derivative invariants in N=2 supergravity and the Gauss-Bonnet term
Butter, D.; de Wit, B.; Kuzenko, S.M.; Lodato, I.|info:eu-repo/dai/nl/357520890
2013-01-01
A new class of N = 2 locally supersymmetric higher-derivative invariants is constructed based on logarithms of conformal primary chiral superfields. They characteristically involve a coupling to Rμν 2 − 1 3 R2, which equals the non-conformal part of the Gauss-Bonnet term. Upon combining one such
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Cho, Yuichiro; Cohen, Barbara A.
2018-01-01
We report new K-Ar isochron data for two approximately 380 Ma basaltic rocks, using an updated version of the Potassium-Argon Laser Experiment (KArLE). These basalts have K contents comparable to lunar KREEP basalts or igneous lithologies found by Mars rovers, whereas previous proof-of-concept studies focused primarily on more K-rich rocks. We continue to measure these analogue samples to show the advancing capability of in situ K-Ar geochronology. KArLE is applicable to other bodies including the Moon or asteroids.
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Hudson, H M; Ma, J; Green, P
1994-01-01
Many algorithms for medical image reconstruction adopt versions of the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm. In this approach, parameter estimates are obtained which maximize a complete data likelihood or penalized likelihood, in each iteration. Implicitly (and sometimes explicitly) penalized algorithms require smoothing of the current reconstruction in the image domain as part of their iteration scheme. In this paper, we discuss alternatives to EM which adapt Fisher's method of scoring (FS) and other methods for direct maximization of the incomplete data likelihood. Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel methods for non-linear optimization provide efficient algorithms applying FS in tomography. One approach uses smoothed projection data in its iterations. We investigate the convergence of Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel algorithms with clinical tomographic projection data.
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Karl Marx in One Lesson (1818-1883). Series on Public Issues No. 6.
Pejovich, Steve
This booklet, one of a series intended to apply economic principles to major social and political issues of the day, starts from the premise that Marxism is a threat to our way of life and offers a critique of fundamental components of the social movement Marx created. The first of six subsections focuses on sources of influence on Karl Marx…
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On the Chern-Gauss-Bonnet theorem for the noncommutative 4-sphere
Arnlind, Joakim; Wilson, Mitsuru
2017-01-01
We construct a differential calculus over the noncommutative 4-sphere in the framework of pseudo-Riemannian calculi, and show that for every metric in a conformal class of perturbations of the round metric, there exists a unique metric and torsion-free connection. Furthermore, we find a localization of the projective module corresponding to the space of vector fields, which allows us to formulate a Chern-Gauss-Bonnet type theorem for the noncommutative 4-sphere.
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Singular Spectrum Near a Singular Point of Friedrichs Model Operators of Absolute Type
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Iakovlev, Serguei I.
2006-01-01
In L 2 (R) we consider a family of self adjoint operators of the Friedrichs model: A m =|t| m +V. Here |t| m is the operator of multiplication by the corresponding function of the independent variable t element of R, and (perturbation) is a trace-class integral operator with a continuous Hermitian kernel ν(t,x) satisfying some smoothness condition. These absolute type operators have one singular point of order m>0. Conditions on the kernel ν(t,x) are found guaranteeing the absence of the point spectrum and the singular continuous one of such operators near the origin. These conditions are actually necessary and sufficient. They depend on the finiteness of the rank of a perturbation operator and on the order of singularity. The sharpness of these conditions is confirmed by counterexamples
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Konoplya, R. A.; Zhidenko, A.
2017-09-01
Here we shall show that there is no other instability for the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet-anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes, than the eikonal one and consider the features of the quasinormal spectrum in the stability sector in detail. The obtained quasinormal spectrum consists from the two essentially different types of modes: perturbative and non-perturbative in the Gauss-Bonnet coupling α. The sound and hydrodynamic modes of the perturbative branch can be expressed through their Schwazrschild-AdS limits by adding a linear in α correction to the damping rates: ω≈Re ω SAdS -Im ω SAdS(1- α·(( D+1)( D-4) /2 R 2)) i, where R is the AdS radius. The non-perturbative branch of modes consists of purely imaginary modes, whose damping rates unboundedly increase when α goes to zero. When the black hole radius is much larger than the anti-de Sitter radius R, the regime of the black hole with planar horizon (black brane) is reproduced. If the Gauss-Bonnet coupling α (or used in holography λGB) is not small enough, then the black holes and branes suffer from the instability, so that the holographic interpretation of perturbation of such black holes becomes questionable, as, for example, the claimed viscosity bound violation in the higher derivative gravity. For example, D = 5 black brane is unstable at |λGB| > 1 /8 and has anomalously large relaxation time when approaching the threshold of instability.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Pavluchenko, Sergey A. [Universidade Federal do Maranhao (UFMA), Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Fisica, Sao Luis, Maranhao (Brazil)
2017-08-15
In this paper we perform a systematic study of spatially flat [(3+D)+1]-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet cosmological models with Λ-term. We consider models that topologically are the product of two flat isotropic subspaces with different scale factors. One of these subspaces is three-dimensional and represents our space and the other is D-dimensional and represents extra dimensions. We consider no ansatz of the scale factors, which makes our results quite general. With both Einstein-Hilbert and Gauss-Bonnet contributions in play, D = 3 and the general D ≥ 4 cases have slightly different dynamics due to the different structure of the equations of motion. We analytically study the equations of motion in both cases and describe all possible regimes with special interest on the realistic regimes. Our analysis suggests that the only realistic regime is the transition from high-energy (Gauss-Bonnet) Kasner regime, which is the standard cosmological singularity in that case, to the anisotropic exponential regime with expanding three and contracting extra dimensions. Availability of this regime allows us to put a constraint on the value of Gauss-Bonnet coupling α and the Λ-term - this regime appears in two regions on the (α, Λ) plane: α < 0, Λ > 0, αΛ ≤ -3/2 and α > 0, αΛ ≤ (3D{sup 2} - 7D + 6)/(4D(D-1)), including the entire Λ < 0 region. The obtained bounds are confronted with the restrictions on α and Λ from other considerations, like causality, entropy-to-viscosity ratio in AdS/CFT and others. Joint analysis constrains (α, Λ) even further: α > 0, D ≥ 2 with (3D{sup 2} - 7D + 6)/(4D(D-1)) ≥ αΛ ≥ -(D+2)(D+3)(D{sup 2} + 5D + 12)/(8(D{sup 2} + 3D + 6){sup 2}). (orig.)
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Qi, Jie
This paper explores how educators would raise different questions about educational issues by using Karl Marx's framework, Antonio Gramsci's conception, and Michel Foucault's notions, respectively. First, the paper compares the historical perspectives of Marx and Foucault. Marx concludes that history is a progressive linear production and that…
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Armouring facility? Nuclear-weapon and reactor reseach at the Kaiser-Wilhelm Institute for Physics
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Hachtmann, R.; Walker, M.
2005-01-01
The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics is best known as the place where Werner Heisenberg worked on nuclear weapons for Hitler. Although this is essentially true, there is more to the story. At the start of World War II this institute was taken over by the German Army Ordnance to be the central, but not exclusive site for a research project into the economic and military applications of nuclear fission. The Army physicist Kurt Diebner was installed in the institute as its commissarial director. Heisenberg was affiliated with the institute as an advisor at first, and became the director in 1942. Heisenberg and his colleagues, including in particular Karl-Heinz Hoecker, Carl Friedrich von Weizsaecker, and Karl Wirtz, worked on nuclear reactors and isotope separation with the clear knowledge that these were two different paths to atomic bombs [Atombomben]. However, they were clearly ambivalent about what they were doing. New documents recently returned from Russian archives shed new light on this work and the scientists' motivations. (orig.)
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Anninos, Dionysios; Pastras, Georgios
2009-01-01
The local and global thermal phase structure for asymptotically anti-de Sitter black holes charged under an abelian gauge group, with both Gauss-Bonnet and quartic field strength corrections, is mapped out for all parameter space. We work in the grand canonical ensemble where the external electric potential is held fixed. The analysis is performed in an arbitrary number of dimensions, for all three possible horizon topologies - spherical, flat or hyperbolic. For spherical horizons, new metastable configurations are exhibited both for the pure Gauss-Bonnet theory as well as the pure higher derivative gauge theory and combinations thereof. In the pure Gauss-Bonnet theory with negative coefficient and five or more spatial dimensions, two locally thermally stable black hole solutions are found for a given temperature. Either one or both of them may be thermally favored over the anti-de Sitter vacuum - corresponding to a single or a double decay channel for the metastable black hole. Similar metastable configurations are uncovered for the theory with pure quartic field strength corrections, as well combinations of the two types of corrections, in three or more spatial dimensions. Finally, a secondary Hawking-Page transition between the smaller thermally favored black hole and thermal anti-de Sitter space is observed when both corrections are turned on and their couplings are both positive.
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Application of Quantum Gauss-Jordan Elimination Code to Quantum Secret Sharing Code
Diep, Do Ngoc; Giang, Do Hoang; Phu, Phan Huy
2018-03-01
The QSS codes associated with a MSP code are based on finding an invertible matrix V, solving the system vATMB (s a)=s. We propose a quantum Gauss-Jordan Elimination Procedure to produce such a pivotal matrix V by using the Grover search code. The complexity of solving is of square-root order of the cardinal number of the unauthorized set √ {2^{|B|}}.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Robitaille P.-M.
2011-07-01
Full Text Available In this work, the development of solar theory is followed from the concept that the Sun was an ethereal nuclear body with a partially condensed photosphere to the creation of a fully gaseous object. An overview will be presented of the liquid Sun. A powerful lineage has brought us the gaseous Sun and two of its main authors were the direct sci- entific descendants of Gustav Robert Kirchhoff: Franz Arthur Friedrich Schuster and Arthur Stanley Eddington. It will be discovered that the seminal ideas of Father Secchi and Herv ́ e Faye were not abandoned by astronomy until the beginning of 20th century. The central role of carbon in early solar physics will also be highlighted by revisit- ing George Johnstone Stoney. The evolution of the gaseous models will be outlined, along with the contributions of Johann Karl Friedrich Z ̈ ollner, James Clerk Maxwell, Jonathan Homer Lane, August Ritter, William Thomson, William Huggins, William Edward Wilson, George Francis FitzGerald, Jacob Robert Emden, Frank Washington Very, Karl Schwarzschild, and Edward Arthur Milne. Finally, with the aid of Edward Arthur Milne, the work of James Hopwood Jeans, the last modern advocate of a liquid Sun, will be rediscovered. Jeans was a staunch advocate of the condensed phase, but deprived of a proper building block, he would eventually abandon his non-gaseous stars. For his part, Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar would spend nine years of his life studying homogeneous liquid masses. These were precisely the kind of objects which Jeans had considered for his liquid stars.
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On Gauss-Green theorem and boundaries of a class of Hölder domains
Lyons, TJ; Yam, PSC
2006-01-01
The purpose of this paper is to show that, if α > 1/3 and ε > 0, the boundary of an α-Hölder domain is a 1 α + ε geometric rough path; and as a direct application, we extend the classical Green-Gauss' formula to this class of fractal domains. © 2005 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
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Fast large-scale clustering of protein structures using Gauss integrals
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Harder, Tim; Borg, Mikael; Boomsma, Wouter
2011-01-01
trajectories. Results: We present Pleiades, a novel approach to clustering protein structures with a rigorous mathematical underpinning. The method approximates clustering based on the root mean square deviation by rst mapping structures to Gauss integral vectors – which were introduced by Røgen and co......-workers – and subsequently performing K-means clustering. Conclusions: Compared to current methods, Pleiades dramatically improves on the time needed to perform clustering, and can cluster a signicantly larger number of structures, while providing state-ofthe- art results. The number of low energy structures generated...
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Waczkat, Andreas, 1964-
2009-01-01
Friedrich Konrad Griepenkerl töötas 1821. aastast alates Collegium Carolinumis filosoofia ja esteetika professorina. Ta oli esimene professor, kelle professionaalne karjäär hõlmas muusikat. Ehkki Griepenkerl ei olnud akadeemiline muusikaõpetaja, oli tema muusikaline tegevus Braunschweigis professorikohaga tihedalt seotud, kuna ta jõudis avalike loengute kaudu laia kunsti- ja muusikahuvilise publikuni. Peale selle asutas ta lauluringi, millest sai hiljem Braunschweigi lauluakadeemia.
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Karl Polanyi et les monnaies modernes : un réexamen
Blanc , Jérôme
2006-01-01
Karl Polanyi a établi une célèbre distinction entre "all purpose money", caractéristiques des sociétés modernes, et "special purpose money", caractéristiques des sociétés anciennes. C'est la conception polanyienne des monnaies modernes qui est critiquée dans ce texte : non seulement elle conduit à considérer que les sociétés modernes ne connaissent pas de "special purpose money", mais en plus elle ne permet pas de renouveler la conception courante de la monnaie (sous-entendu moderne) qui en f...
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GPU-accelerated Modeling and Element-free Reverse-time Migration with Gauss Points Partition
Zhen, Z.; Jia, X.
2014-12-01
Element-free method (EFM) has been applied to seismic modeling and migration. Compared with finite element method (FEM) and finite difference method (FDM), it is much cheaper and more flexible because only the information of the nodes and the boundary of the study area are required in computation. In the EFM, the number of Gauss points should be consistent with the number of model nodes; otherwise the accuracy of the intermediate coefficient matrices would be harmed. Thus when we increase the nodes of velocity model in order to obtain higher resolution, we find that the size of the computer's memory will be a bottleneck. The original EFM can deal with at most 81×81 nodes in the case of 2G memory, as tested by Jia and Hu (2006). In order to solve the problem of storage and computation efficiency, we propose a concept of Gauss points partition (GPP), and utilize the GPUs to improve the computation efficiency. Considering the characteristics of the Gaussian points, the GPP method doesn't influence the propagation of seismic wave in the velocity model. To overcome the time-consuming computation of the stiffness matrix (K) and the mass matrix (M), we also use the GPUs in our computation program. We employ the compressed sparse row (CSR) format to compress the intermediate sparse matrices and try to simplify the operations by solving the linear equations with the CULA Sparse's Conjugate Gradient (CG) solver instead of the linear sparse solver 'PARDISO'. It is observed that our strategy can significantly reduce the computational time of K and Mcompared with the algorithm based on CPU. The model tested is Marmousi model. The length of the model is 7425m and the depth is 2990m. We discretize the model with 595x298 nodes, 300x300 Gauss cells and 3x3 Gauss points in each cell. In contrast to the computational time of the conventional EFM, the GPUs-GPP approach can substantially improve the efficiency. The speedup ratio of time consumption of computing K, M is 120 and the
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Gauss decomposition, Wakimoto realisation and gauged WZNW models
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Arfaei, H.; Mohammedi, N.
1993-10-01
The implications of gauging the Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten (WZNW) model using the Gauss decomposition of the group elements are explored. We show that, contrary to standard gauging of WZNW models, this gauging is carried out by minimally coupling the gauge fields. We find that this gauging, in the case of gauging an abelian vector subgroup, differs from the standard one by terms proportional to the field strength of the gauge fields. We prove that gauging an abelian vector subgroup does not have a nonlinear sigma model interpretation. This is because the target-space metric resulting from the integration over the gauge fields is degenerate. We demonstrate, however, that this kind of gauging has a natural interpretation in terms of Wakimoto variables. (orig.)
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Sergio Schneider
2011-08-01
Full Text Available O ensaio aborda a importância da redescoberta do pensamento de Karl Polanyi e de sua crítica à "sociedade de mercado" na retomada dos estudos e debates sobre o desenvolvimento (rural. Após uma apresentação geral do quadro teórico e analítico de Polanyi, buscamos utilizar seus conceitos para interpretar a dinâmica da mercantilização dos meios de vida e das formas sociais de trabalho e produção no espaço rural, bem como dos sistemas agroalimentares no capitalismo contemporâneo. Com base nestas proposições, refletimos sobre o papel dos atores sociais e das instituições nos processos de mudança social em geral e os de desenvolvimento rural em particular. Finalizamos, propondo algumas potencialidades dessa abordagem para os estudos sobre desenvolvimento rural no Brasil.The essay deals with the importance of the rediscovery of Karl Polanyi's thinking and of his criticism of the "market society" in resuming (rural development studies and debates. Following an overall presentation of Polanyi's theoretical and analytical framework, we look for using his concepts to interpret the commoditization dynamics of the rural livelihoods and the social forms of labor and production in the rural space, as well as the commoditization of the agri-food systems in the contemporary capitalism. Based on these statements, we reflect about the role of social actors and institutions in the processes of social change at large and of rural development in particular. And, finally, we propose some potentialities of this approach for the rural development studies in Brazil.
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MARX AND ENGELS: THE IMPORTANCE OF READING THE CLASSICS IN THE EDUCATOR’S FORMATION
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Dalva Helena de Medeiros
2011-02-01
Full Text Available The current work intends to discuss the importance of reading the classics in the educator’s formation. Among the classics, Karl Marx (1818-1883 and Friedrich Engels (1820-1895 are regarded as the creators of the historical-dialectical materialism, which is a new way to comprehend society and consequently education. These authors highlighted the necessity to understand social relationships to discuss education and, to do so, they used a few paramount categories like: totality, historicity and praxis. Thus the aim of this paper is not to exhaust the proposed theme, but rather, raise and instigate a debate over the subject.
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Brückner, Burkhart
2016-01-01
Friedrich Krauß (1791-1868) is the author of Nothschrei eines Magnetisch-Vergifteten [Cry of Distress by a Victim of Magnetic Poisoning] (1852), which has been considered one of the most comprehensive self-narratives of madness published in the German language. In this 1018-page work Krauß documents his acute fears of 'mesmerist' influence and persecution, his detainment in an Antwerp asylum and his encounter with various illustrious physicians across Europe. Though in many ways comparable to other prominent nineteenth-century first-person accounts (eg. John Thomas Perceval's 1838 Narrative of the Treatment Experienced by a Gentleman or Daniel Paul Schreber's 1903 Memoirs of my Nervous Illness), Krauß's story has received comparatively little scholarly attention. This is especially the case in the English-speaking world. In this article I reconstruct Krauß's biography by emphasising his relationship with physicians and his under-explored stay at the asylum. I then investigate the ways in which Krauß appropriated nascent theories about 'animal magnetism' to cope with his disturbing experiences. Finally, I address Krauß's recently discovered calligraphic oeuvre, which bears traces of his typical fears all the while showcasing his artistic skills. By moving away from the predominantly clinical perspective that has characterised earlier studies, this article reveals how Friedrich Krauß sought to make sense of his experience by selectively appropriating both orthodox and non-orthodox forms of medical knowledge. In so doing, it highlights the mutual interaction of discourses 'from above' and 'from below' as well as the influence of broader cultural forces on conceptions of self and illness during that seminal period.
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Köther, Felix
2015-01-01
Arvustus: St. Petersburg und Livland - und die Entwicklung der estnischen Literatur : Anton Schiefner (1817-1879) und Friedrich R. Kreutzwald (1803-1882) im Briefwechsel (1853-1879) / bearbeitet von Hartmut Walravens. Wiesbaden : Harrassowitz, 2013. (Orientalistik-Bibliographien und Dokumentationen ; Bd. 22)
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Axel Rüdiger
2011-09-01
Full Text Available From within the environment of the Prussian reforms at the beginning of the 19th century, FriedrichBuchholz developed the social-scientific concept of Zukunftspolitik, which deals with the constitutionalsafeguard of public credit and the prevention of destructive revolution through targetedpolitical reforms. In contrast to political romanticism (Adam Müller and others, Buchholz orientshimself not toward the English system of representation, but toward the French model, to combinerevolutionary popular sovereignty with representative government. Using the example of Englishpublic debt in the 18th century, he develops the political dialectic of materialist necessity and arbitrarycontingency. Whereas sovereignty without representation in the maintenance of public creditinevitably leads to Jacobin Terror, parliamentarian representation without sovereignty leads to, inthe English model, a general state of war. Europe’s future, according to Buchholz, thus depends onthe reform of English Parliamentarianism.
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Paddock, Troy
2016-01-01
This article examines the influence of Friedrich Ratzel's idea of the struggle for space and its impact on cultural and national development depicted in German geography and history textbooks from the Wilhelmine era to the Third Reich. Ratzel's concept of bio-geography conceived the state as a living organism that is the product of humanity's…
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Friedrich Robert Helmert, founder of modern geodesy, on the occasion of the centenary of his death
Ihde, Johannes; Reinhold, Andreas
2017-08-01
Friedrich Robert Helmert died in Potsdam in 1917 at the age of 74 after serving for over 30 years as director of the Royal Prussian Geodetic Institute and of the Central Bureau of the Internationale Erdmessung, the forerunner of today's International Association of Geodesy. He dedicated his life and his scientific career to the field of geodesy. His teachings on theoretical and physical geodesy were incorporated into university curricula around the world and hence into international endeavours to measure planet Earth. The purpose of this article is to illustrate the impact he has had on the development of modern geodesy and on the related sciences.
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Burgess, Tyrrell; Swann, Joanna
2003-01-01
Addresses the question of why Karl Popper's work has been disregarded or rejected for educational improvement and suggests a series of impediments to an acceptance of Popper's ideas. Outlines a set of principle which if adopted as a basis for practice could lead to significant improvement. (EV)
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Kruusimägi, Toomas, 1962-
2010-01-01
Uuest rahvusvahelisest International Baccalaureate'i (IB) õppekavast ja selle rakendamisest Tallinna Inglise Kolledži 11. klassis alates möödunud aastast räägivad kooli direktor Toomas Kruusimägi, õppedirektor Anu Parts ning õpilane Karl Hendrik Thomson
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Kernaspekte van die kennissosiologie van Karl Mannheim
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
A. D. Louw
1985-03-01
Full Text Available The author deals with certain crucial aspects of the sociology of knowledge of Karl Mannheim in view of the fact that he finds that the increase, worldwide, of interest in ideological difficulties in South Africa can fruitfully be dealt with in terms of this form of sociology. This is justified in part by Mannheim's viewpoint that thought is a function of human existence, and this function emanates from needs based on social factors. He traces Mannheim's use of the term ideology (in Sociology, culminating With the Idea that “the birth and death of ideology depends on certain social, economic and 'ecological' factors”. Subsequently he deals with a whole line of aspects of the sociology of knowledge as expounded by Mannheim, culminating in the idea that shifts in views with regard to lifeview and underlying values take place when there is a rapid upward (vertical mobility, leading to uncertainties and a lack of trust in established values.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Peter McLaren
2018-05-01
Full Text Available This paper explores convergences and discrepancies between liberation theology and the works of Karl Marx through the dialogue between one of the key contemporary proponents of liberation theology, Peter McLaren, and the agnostic scholar in critical pedagogy, Petar Jandrić. The paper briefly outlines liberation theology and its main convergences with the works of Karl Marx. Exposing striking similarities between the two traditions in denouncing the false God of money, it explores differences in their views towards individualism and collectivism. It rejects shallow rhetorical homologies between Marx and the Bible often found in liberation theology, and suggests a change of focus from seeking a formal or Cartesian logical consistency between Marxism and Christianity to exploring their dialectical consistency. Looking at Marxist and Christian approaches to morality, it outlines close links between historical materialism and questions of value. It concludes that the shared eschaton of Marxism and the Christianity gives meaning to human history and an opportunity to change it.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Flavio Hernán Teruel
2010-06-01
Full Text Available A partir de su exilio en México, a mediados de la década del setenta del siglo pasado, Enrique Dussel se entrega a la tarea de "leer seria y directamente" la obra teórica de Karl Marx producida entre los años 1857 y 1882. Al cabo de diez semestres de arduo trabajo, el resultado es una interpretación novedosa de las cuatro redacciones de El Capital. En efecto, ante los ojos de Dussel la obra maestra de Karl Marx se revela no solo como un tratado de economía sino antes bien como uno de antropología y ética. Marx, afirma Dussel, "deconstruye la economía capitalista críticamente y la reconstruye antropológica y éticamente". Asimismo, Dussel descubre que la producción teórica de Marx quedó inconclusa y, sobre todo, abierta a futuros desarrollos. Para el filósofo mendocino es necesario, en nuestro tiempo, no solo reinterpretar la totalidad de la obra de Marx sino también continuar su labor teórica, en especial desde América Latina, para el estudio del capitalismo periférico latinoamericano. Nuestro interés es indicar aquellos elementos que constituyen lo novedoso en la interpretación dusseliana de la obra teórica de Marx.From his exile in Mexico in the mid seventies of last century, Enrique Dussel is given the task of "reading seriously and directly" the theoretical work of Karl Marx produced between 1857 and 1882. After ten semesters of hard work, the result is a novel interpretation of the four drafts of The Capital. Indeed, in the eyes of Dussel, the masterpiece of Karl Marx is revealed not only as an economic treatise but rather as an anthropology and ethics. Marx "capitalist economy critically deconstructs and reconstructs anthropological and ethically". Moreover, Dussel finds that the theoretical yield of Marx was inconclusive and, above all, open to future developments. For the philosopher is needed in our time, not only reinterpret the whole work of Marx but also to continue his theoretical work, especially from Latin
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Gompertz: A Scilab Program for Estimating Gompertz Curve Using Gauss-Newton Method of Least Squares
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Surajit Ghosh Dastidar
2006-04-01
Full Text Available A computer program for estimating Gompertz curve using Gauss-Newton method of least squares is described in detail. It is based on the estimation technique proposed in Reddy (1985. The program is developed using Scilab (version 3.1.1, a freely available scientific software package that can be downloaded from http://www.scilab.org/. Data is to be fed into the program from an external disk file which should be in Microsoft Excel format. The output will contain sample size, tolerance limit, a list of initial as well as the final estimate of the parameters, standard errors, value of Gauss-Normal equations namely GN1 GN2 and GN3 , No. of iterations, variance(σ2 , Durbin-Watson statistic, goodness of fit measures such as R2 , D value, covariance matrix and residuals. It also displays a graphical output of the estimated curve vis a vis the observed curve. It is an improved version of the program proposed in Dastidar (2005.
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Gompertz: A Scilab Program for Estimating Gompertz Curve Using Gauss-Newton Method of Least Squares
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Surajit Ghosh Dastidar
2006-04-01
Full Text Available A computer program for estimating Gompertz curve using Gauss-Newton method of least squares is described in detail. It is based on the estimation technique proposed in Reddy (1985. The program is developed using Scilab (version 3.1.1, a freely available scientific software package that can be downloaded from http://www.scilab.org/. Data is to be fed into the program from an external disk file which should be in Microsoft Excel format. The output will contain sample size, tolerance limit, a list of initial as well as the final estimate of the parameters, standard errors, value of Gauss-Normal equations namely GN1 GN2 and GN3, No. of iterations, variance(σ2, Durbin-Watson statistic, goodness of fit measures such as R2, D value, covariance matrix and residuals. It also displays a graphical output of the estimated curve vis a vis the observed curve. It is an improved version of the program proposed in Dastidar (2005.
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Kink-antikink, trapping bags and five-dimensional Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Giovannini, Massimo
2006-01-01
Five-dimensional Gauss-Bonnet gravity, with one warped extra-dimension, allows classes of solutions where two scalar fields combine either in a kink-antikink system or in a trapping bag configuration. While the kink-antikink system can be interpreted as a pair of gravitating domain walls with opposite topological charges, the trapping bag solution consists of a domain wall supplemented by a non-topological defect. In both classes of solutions, for large absolute values of the bulk coordinate (i.e. far from the core of the defects), the geometry is given by five-dimensional anti-de Sitter space.
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Gauss-Manin Connection in Disguise: Calabi-Yau Threefolds
Alim, Murad; Movasati, Hossein; Scheidegger, Emanuel; Yau, Shing-Tung
2016-06-01
We describe a Lie Algebra on the moduli space of non-rigid compact Calabi-Yau threefolds enhanced with differential forms and its relation to the Bershadsky-Cecotti-Ooguri-Vafa holomorphic anomaly equation. In particular, we describe algebraic topological string partition functions {{F}g^alg, g ≥ 1}, which encode the polynomial structure of holomorphic and non-holomorphic topological string partition functions. Our approach is based on Grothendieck's algebraic de Rham cohomology and on the algebraic Gauss-Manin connection. In this way, we recover a result of Yamaguchi-Yau and Alim-Länge in an algebraic context. Our proofs use the fact that the special polynomial generators defined using the special geometry of deformation spaces of Calabi-Yau threefolds correspond to coordinates on such a moduli space. We discuss the mirror quintic as an example.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Mika Tanda
2015-01-01
Full Text Available We compute alien derivatives of the WKB solutions of the Gauss hypergeometric differential equation with a large parameter and discuss the singularity structures of the Borel transforms of the WKB solution expressed in terms of its alien derivatives.
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Karl Heinz Göller (1924-2009: in memoriam
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Janez Stanonik
2010-12-01
Full Text Available The study is written in memory of Karl Heinz Göller, Professor of English literature at the Regensburg University, who died in Kelheim near Regensburg on 22nd April 2009. University of Regenburg was founded in 1967, and Göller was the first Dean of its Faculty of Philosophy. For more than 40 years he worked for the development of good contacts betwen the universities of Regensburg and Ljubljana. Since 2000 he was member of the Advisory Committee of the review Acta Neophilologica. In 1983 he founded the Society of German Mediaevalists, one of the leading societies of German scholars from the whole Germany, and was elected its first president. The study gives report on the development of Göller as a scholar, and his basic achievement in his research, pedagogical work and in university administration.
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Instability of black holes with a Gauss-Bonnet term
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Ahn, Wha-Keun; Gwak, Bogeun; Lee, Wonwoo; Lee, Bum-Hoon
2015-01-01
We investigate the fragmentation instability of hairy black holes in the theory with a Gauss-Bonnet (GB) term in asymptotically flat spacetime. Our approach is through the non-perturbative fragmentation instability. By this approach, we investigate whether the initial black hole can be broken into two black holes by comparing the entropy of the initial black hole with the sum of those of two fragmented black holes. The relation between the black hole instability and the GB coupling with dilaton hair are presented. We describe the phase diagrams with respect to the mass of the black hole solutions and coupling constants. We find that a perturbatively stable black hole can be unstable under fragmentation. (orig.)
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Angelo Segrillo
Full Text Available Resumo O artigo analisa a visão de Karl Marx sobre a possibilidade de ocorrência da revolução na Rússia. Inicialmente concentrando suas esperanças nos países da Europa Ocidental, onde o capitalismo estava mais desenvolvido, com o fracasso das revoluções de 1948 e da Comuna de Paris, Marx se volta para as possibilidades de revolução a partir do Leste, da Rússia, até ali considerada o bastião da reação. Suas ideias são expostas em correspondência com os próprios revolucionários russos. Essa trajetória intelectual de Marx é descrita a partir de seus próprios escritos.
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Nambu-Goto string with the Gauss-Bonnet term and point-like masses at the ends
Hadasz, Leszek; Róg, Tomasz
1996-02-01
We investigate classical dynamics of the Nambu-Goto string with Gauss-Bonnet term in the action and point-like masses at the ends in the context of effective QCD string. The configuration of rigidly rotating string is studied and its application to phenomenological description of meson spectroscopy is discussed.
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Blank ja Jeron (sero.org) / Joachim Blank, Karl Heinz Jeron ; interv. Tilman Baumgärtel
Blank, Joachim
2006-01-01
Nime sero.org all esinenud saksa kunstnikepaarist Joachim Blankist (sünd. 1963) ja Karl Heinz Jeronist ning nende loomingust, intervjuu kunstnikega nende Berliini ateljees 10. II 2000. Saksa võrgukunsti edendamisest rühmituste Lux Logis, Handshake ja Internationale Stadt koosseisus, jututubadest, teostest "Dump your trash", "Re-M@il", installatsioonidest "re: represent", "Scanner +++", "sign.post" ja muust
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Calculation of photoionization differential cross sections using complex Gauss-type orbitals.
Matsuzaki, Rei; Yabushita, Satoshi
2017-09-05
Accurate theoretical calculation of photoelectron angular distributions for general molecules is becoming an important tool to image various chemical reactions in real time. We show in this article that not only photoionization total cross sections but also photoelectron angular distributions can be accurately calculated using complex Gauss-type orbital (cGTO) basis functions. Our method can be easily combined with existing quantum chemistry techniques including electron correlation effects, and applied to various molecules. The so-called two-potential formula is applied to represent the transition dipole moment from an initial bound state to a final continuum state in the molecular coordinate frame. The two required continuum functions, the zeroth-order final continuum state and the first-order wave function induced by the photon field, have been variationally obtained using the complex basis function method with a mixture of appropriate cGTOs and conventional real Gauss-type orbitals (GTOs) to represent the continuum orbitals as well as the remaining bound orbitals. The complex orbital exponents of the cGTOs are optimized by fitting to the outgoing Coulomb functions. The efficiency of the current method is demonstrated through the calculations of the asymmetry parameters and molecular-frame photoelectron angular distributions of H2+ and H2 . In the calculations of H2 , the static exchange and random phase approximations are employed, and the dependence of the results on the basis functions is discussed. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Meyer-Abich, Michael
2014-01-01
(1) Quantum theory deals not just with reality but with the physical (scientific) reality of its objects. Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker understood this to imply that scientific knowledge of objects converges with philosophical knowledge of their objectivity but did not succeed in rounding off physics. (2) We are actors as well as spectators not only in scientific knowledge but in political processes as well, particularly by means of science. It is, therefore, not justified to deny political responsibility even in 'basic research'. Carl Friedrich von Weizsacker identified classical physics as the venture of knowledge without love but believed that this boundary could be transcended. The apparent neutrality of science must not be tolerated by the churches, however. (3) In religion Weizsäcker felt most at home in Buddhist spirituality, this being akin to Christian spirituality which has been more or less lost by the Christian churches. Yet he tried to support his church and to participate in its actions. (4) Lack of love corresponds to an excess of power in the religious critique of science. In both respects Weizsäcker presented the mirror to industrial society but people in general did not recognize their image. The Max-Planck-Society, however, shut up Weizsäcker's "Institute for the study of the conditions of life in the modern world" (Starnberg 1970-1980) as soon as possible. (5) Weizsäcker always refrained from exerting any power except that of reason or truth. According to Lao Tse this is the power least perceived as such. In politics he generally followed the mainstream after once having been tempted to action in 1941/42. His influence on German society was based on his charismatic spirituality.
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Gauss-Arnoldi quadrature for -1φ,φ> and rational Pade-type approximation for Markov-type functions
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Knizhnerman, L A
2008-01-01
The efficiency of Gauss-Arnoldi quadrature for the calculation of the quantity -1 φ,φ> is studied, where A is a bounded operator in a Hilbert space and φ is a non-trivial vector in this space. A necessary and a sufficient conditions are found for the efficiency of the quadrature in the case of a normal operator. An example of a non-normal operator for which this quadrature is inefficient is presented. It is shown that Gauss-Arnoldi quadrature is related in certain cases to rational Pade-type approximation (with the poles at Ritz numbers) for functions of Markov type and, in particular, can be used for the localization of the poles of a rational perturbation. Error estimates are found, which can also be used when classical Pade approximation does not work or it may not be efficient. Theoretical results and conjectures are illustrated by numerical experiments. Bibliography: 44 titles
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A Conversation with Karl K. Turekian
Turekian, Karl K.; Cochran, J. Kirk
2012-01-01
Editors' Note Each year, the editorial board invites a distinguished member of the oceanographic community to contribute a prefatory chapter; this year, we were delighted when Karl Turekian, Sterling Professor of Geology and Geophysics at Yale, accepted our invitation. Over the course of a long and productive career, Dr. Turekian has pursued his interests in marine and atmospheric geochemistry by using natural radioactive and radiogenic isotopes to study Earth's evolution and the impacts of global change. He has also directed both the Center for the Study of Global Change at Yale and the Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies. In this interview, conducted by his former student Kirk Cochran, Dr. Turekian tells the story of his early career and discusses some of the major scientific challenges and opportunities faced along the way. His personal account of the rise of geochemistry is a charming story of how chance events and personalities impact scientific careers. His technical insight into the future of this field is illuminating, particularly for scientific outsiders who appreciate the central role of geochemistry in discerning and understanding patterns of global change. Craig A. Carlson and Stephen J. Giovannoni, Editors [Figure: see text
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Dataset for petroleum based stock markets and GAUSS codes for SAMEM
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ahmed A.A. Khalifa
2017-02-01
Full Text Available This article includes a unique data set of a balanced daily (Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday for oil and natural gas volatility and the oil rich economies’ stock markets for Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait, Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Bahrain and Oman, using daily data over the period spanning Oct. 18, 2006–July 30, 2015. Additionally, we have included unique GAUSS codes for estimating the spillover asymmetric multiplicative error model (SAMEM with application to Petroleum-Based Stock Market. The data, the model and the codes have many applications in business and social science.
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Hydrodynamics dual to Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity: all-order gradient resummation
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Bu, Yanyan; Lublinsky, Michael; Sharon, Amir [Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105 (Israel)
2015-06-24
Relativistic hydrodynamics dual to Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity in asymptotic AdS{sub 5} space is under study. To linear order in the amplitude of the fluid velocity and temperature, we derive the fluid’s stress-energy tensor via an all-order resummation of the derivative terms. Each order is accompanied by new transport coefficients, which all together could be compactly absorbed into two functions of momenta, referred to as viscosity functions. Via inverse Fourier transform, these viscosities appear as memory functions in the constitutive relation between components of the stress-energy tensor.
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Dataset for petroleum based stock markets and GAUSS codes for SAMEM.
Khalifa, Ahmed A A; Bertuccelli, Pietro; Otranto, Edoardo
2017-02-01
This article includes a unique data set of a balanced daily (Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday) for oil and natural gas volatility and the oil rich economies' stock markets for Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait, Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Bahrain and Oman, using daily data over the period spanning Oct. 18, 2006-July 30, 2015. Additionally, we have included unique GAUSS codes for estimating the spillover asymmetric multiplicative error model (SAMEM) with application to Petroleum-Based Stock Market. The data, the model and the codes have many applications in business and social science.
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[Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker's language, rhetoric and habitus].
Hentschel, Klaus
2014-01-01
Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker was not only an exceptional physicist, philosopher and peace scholar, but also a skilled and articulate speaker and a highly successful author. Dozens of his books were published in tens of thousands of copies despite their highly nontrivial content. This wide impact was only possible--this at least is one of the claims made in this paper--because of his sophisticated style and rhetorics. The analysis here is based on hand-picked samples from all kinds of Weizsäcker texts (talks, scientific and popular papers and books, poems and Limericks). Strangely enough, this interesting stylistic and rhetorical facet of his oeuvre has hitherto not been analyzed in any detail despite its crucial importance in the broad impact on his multifarious audience. My paper starts out from a collection of striking features of his language and structural specialties in his published talks and speeches, and explore findings from sound recordings and film tapes which offer further insight into his manner of emphasis, usage of pauses and intonation. On the basis of these stylistic traits and their often subcutaneous, but nevertheless clever rhetorics, I close with a few remarks on the habitus of this scholar and his positioning within the ensemble of German-speaking physicists of that generation.
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A analítica kantiana do sublime em Friedrich Schiller
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Artur Bispo dos Santos Neto
2016-10-01
Full Text Available O nosso texto tem como propósito apontar a articulação existente entre a estética kantiana, expressa na sua obra basilar Crítica da faculdade do juízo, e a reflexão estética constituída por Friedrich Schiller mediante a sua noção de sublime. Embora Schiller se inscreva sob o signo da influência da terceira Crítica, vamos mostrar na tessitura deste texto como consegue libertar-se da influência kantiana, ao recusar a centralidade do juízo de gosto na definição do belo e afirmar a beleza (puchritudo como liberdade no fenômeno. Schiller não se limita à investigação do sublime no âmbito da beleza livre (natureza, mas investiga-a especialmente no campo da beleza aderente. Embora o próprio Kant tenha atribuído ao gosto o significado de uma transição do prazer dos sentidos à disposição moral, será Schiller quem radicalizará o propósito de uma educação moral do homem pela mediação do sublime e do patético na arte.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Alessandra Arce
Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta um estudo teórico comparativo da pedagogia desenvolvida por Friedrich Froebel e da teoria da atividade (Leontiev, Elkonin e Vigotski no que diz respeito ao jogo e ao desenvolvimento infantil. Ainda que essas duas abordagens considerem o jogo uma atividade muito importante no desenvolvimento da criança, elas diferem em sua visão do que seja o significado do jogo no contexto do processo de formação do indivíduo. Essa divergência é uma conseqüência de suas opostas concepções acerca da relação entre a natureza humana e a história.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Arce Alessandra
2004-01-01
Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta um estudo teórico comparativo da pedagogia desenvolvida por Friedrich Froebel e da teoria da atividade (Leontiev, Elkonin e Vigotski no que diz respeito ao jogo e ao desenvolvimento infantil. Ainda que essas duas abordagens considerem o jogo uma atividade muito importante no desenvolvimento da criança, elas diferem em sua visão do que seja o significado do jogo no contexto do processo de formação do indivíduo. Essa divergência é uma conseqüência de suas opostas concepções acerca da relação entre a natureza humana e a história.
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"Problem of generations": Origins, content and continuing relevance of Karl Mannheim’s article
Kuljić Todor
2007-01-01
The article presents a brief history of the concept of generations. It focuses on Karl Mannheim’s article "Problems of Generations" (1928), its social origins and theoretical content. Mannheim’s role was crucial in 20th century development of the (new) concept of generation. In order to understand the problem of social (historical) generations and evaluate Mannheim’s position within the concept’s development, several points are discussed in more detail: the history of the concept of "generati...
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Koszka, Christiane
2009-08-01
Friedrich Nietzsche was one of the most influential and profound German philosophers. After prolonged illness, he died at the age of 55 in Weimar, Germany. The interest in his medical biography has always been strong while the cause of his illness and death has remained a mystery, intriguing philosophers as well as physicians. The diagnosis of syphilis proposed in the 19th century has been controversial until today and many other diagnoses have been discussed. This paper suggests that Nietzsche suffered from mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes syndrome.
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Polli, Kadi, 1973-
2011-01-01
2010. aastal Frankfurdis H. W. Fichteri kunstigaleriis müüki tulnud kümnest kunstiteosest, sh. Eesti Kunstimuuseumi poolt omandatud kahest Karl Otto Gerhard von Kügelgeni tööst. Franz Gerhard von Kügelgeni noorema poja Karl Otto Gerhard von Kügelgeni elust, loomingust ja tema akvarellidest "Perekond Vinni mõisas" ja "Rändur metsas"
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In a study of comparability of total water contents (%) of conditioned cottons by Karl Fischer Titration (KFT) and Low Temperature Distillation (LTD) reference methods, we demonstrated a match of averaged results based on a large number of replications and weighing the test specimens at the same tim...
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Tsai, Ko-Fan; Chu, Shu-Chun
2018-03-01
This study proposes a complete and unified method for selective excitation of any specified nearly nondiffracting Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG) beam in end-pumped solid-state digital lasers. Four types of the HzG beams: cosine-Gauss beams, Bessel-Gauss beams, Mathieu-Gauss beams, and, in particular, parabolic-Gauss beams are successfully demonstrated to be generated with the proposed methods. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, parabolic-Gauss beams have not yet been directly generated from any kind of laser system. The numerical results of this study show that one can successfully achieve any lasing HzG beams directly from the solid-state digital lasers with only added control of the laser gain transverse position provided by off-axis end pumping. This study also presents a practical digital laser set-up for easily manipulating off-axis pumping in order to achieve the control of the laser gain transverse gain position in digital lasers. The reported results in this study provide advancement of digital lasers in dynamically generating nondiffracting beams. The control of the digital laser cavity gain position creates the possibility of achieving real-time selection of more laser modes in digital lasers, and it is worth further investigation in the future.
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Canfora, Fabrizio; Giacomini, Alex; Troncoso, Ricardo
2008-01-01
Exact vacuum solutions with a nontrivial torsion for the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory in five dimensions are constructed. We consider a class of static metrics whose spacelike section is a warped product of the real line with a nontrivial base manifold endowed with a fully antisymmetric torsion. It is shown that requiring solutions of this sort to exist, fixes the Gauss-Bonnet coupling such that the Lagrangian can be written as a Chern-Simons form. The metric describes black holes with an arbitrary, but fixed, base manifold. It is shown that requiring its ground state to possess unbroken supersymmetries fixes the base manifold to be locally a parallelized three-sphere. The ground state turns out to be half-BPS, which could not be achieved in the absence of torsion in vacuum. The Killing spinors are explicitly found
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Talarczyk, Małgorzata
2012-01-01
The point of the article is to analyse and reflect on certain symptoms of anorexia nervosa in light of Karl Jaspers and Erich Fromm's ideas and social constructivism. Contemplating the disorder in view of the philosophical ideas mentioned earlier, the author analyses such aspects of patients as: functioning on the verge of life and death, the paradoxical struggle to escape from freedom in search of independence, as well as various understandings and descriptions of anorexia in consideration of social constructivism. The author shares thoughts and poses hypotheses, trying to view anorexia in light of selected philosophical and psychological ideas, which in their general assumptions were not concerned with defining nor analysing anorexia nervosa. In view of Karl Jaspers' ideas, the author focuses on the so called 'limit-situations', in the ideas of Erich Fromm she takes notice in "Escape from Freedom" to new relations. Finally in the light of social constructivism the author focuses on the cultural context.
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French, R. A.; Cohen, B. A.; Miller, J. S.
2014-01-01
The Potassium-Argon Laser Experiment( KArLE), is composed of two main instruments: a spectrometer as part of the Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) method and a Mass Spectrometer (MS). The LIBS laser ablates a sample and creates a plasma cloud, generating a pit in the sample. The LIBS plasma is measured for K abundance in weight percent and the released gas is measured using the MS, which calculates Ar abundance in mols. To relate the K and Ar measurements, total mass of the ablated sample is needed but can be difficult to directly measure. Instead, density and volume are used to calculate mass, where density is calculated based on the elemental composition of the rock (from the emission spectrum) and volume is determined by pit morphology. This study aims to reduce the uncertainty for KArLE by analyzing pit volume relationships in several analog materials and comparing methods of pit volume measurements and their associated uncertainties.
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Genesis idea of the superman in european philosophy: concept Friedrich Nietzsche
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A. Y. Somov
2015-03-01
Full Text Available The article is dedicated to the concept of Nietzsche superman in the context of development of the idea of European philosophy superman. Based on a study of scientific literature it was proved that Nietzsche was the first in European philosophy who has attempted to move away from its classical forms, creating a special type of superman, the values of which were creative, spiritual self, the victory over himself and the will to develop and adopt values, that multiply the power of life. It can be stated that superman Friedrich Nietzsche – a man who does not exist yet, and when it appears – is unknown. Initial characterization of superman Nietzsche is the power and the will who oppose «reasonableness» that seeks to bring originality to all acts of consciousness and identity. In superman should be personal development, their personal view of the world and its way. The main feature of the superman must be spiritual creativity, the total concentration of the will to power, that is able to completely control the superman himself: to know precisely aspiration, desire and how he organizes his way to the goal.
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Ricci-Gauss-Bonnet holographic dark energy
Saridakis, Emmanuel N.
2018-03-01
We present a model of holographic dark energy in which the infrared cutoff is determined by both the Ricci and the Gauss-Bonnet invariants. Such a construction has the significant advantage that the infrared cutoff, and consequently the holographic dark energy density, does not depend on the future or the past evolution of the universe, but only on its current features, and moreover it is determined by invariants, whose role is fundamental in gravitational theories. We extract analytical solutions for the behavior of the dark energy density and equation-of-state parameters as functions of the redshift. These reveal the usual thermal history of the universe, with the sequence of radiation, matter and dark energy epochs, resulting in the future to a complete dark energy domination. The corresponding dark energy equation-of-state parameter can lie in the quintessence or phantom regime, or experience the phantom-divide crossing during the cosmological evolution, and its asymptotic value can be quintessencelike, phantomlike, or be exactly equal to the cosmological-constant value. Finally, we extract the constraints on the model parameters that arise from big bang nucleosynthesis.
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Niki, Hiroshi; Harada, Kyouji; Morimoto, Munenori; Sakakihara, Michio
2004-03-01
Several preconditioned iterative methods reported in the literature have been used for improving the convergence rate of the Gauss-Seidel method. In this article, on the basis of nonnegative matrix, comparisons between some splittings for such preconditioned matrices are derived. Simple numerical examples are also given.
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Karl Popper: antes y después de Kyoto
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Zanotti, Gabriel
1999-06-01
Full Text Available Not available.En su último libro sobre Karl Popper, Mariano Artigas plantea una hermenéutica revolucionaria: muestra que la ética de Popper es el fundamento de su epistemología, y que el fundamento de esa ética está lejos del «conjeturalismo» que suele atribuirse a Popper. Artigas analiza qué significa en Popper la «fe irracional en la razón» y utiliza, como fuente inédita, el dramático relato que hace Popper de su relación con W. W. Bartley, por primera vez, en Kyoto, en 1992. Sea cual fuere la opinión del lector, el libro de Artigas divide la hermenéutica de Popper en un antes y un después.
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Wie is die sondaar? Die beskouing van Karl Barth
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F. J. van Zyl
1994-01-01
Full Text Available Who is the sinner? The view of Karl Barth The previous article dealt with Barth’s view of the knowledge and real essence of sin, while this one focus on his view of the human being as sinner. In accordance with his christological approach to all theological matters, Barth presents us with a description of the image and character of the sinner as mirrored by the obedient suffering and death of Jesus Christ on the cross in the place of all sinners of all times - past, present and future. The price that God paid in surrendering his only Son to such suffering, indicates the enormous guilt and baseness of every sinner. Every human being is utterly insolvent and can only be delivered from sin through God’s graceful remission of siru
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Spitzer, C; Dahlenburg, B; Freyberger, H J
2006-07-01
Caspar David Friedrich (1774 - 1840) is one of the most important German Romantic painters. In his paintings, he prototypically represents the melancholy, which has been mentioned by his contemporaries and later biographers. Art scientists have also referred to his melancholy for the interpretation of his work. From a medical point of view, there are only two pathographies which remain inconclusive. Having applied diagnostic criteria for psychiatric disorders to his letters and publications, to statements of his contemporaries and to his art, we propose that he had suffered from a recurrent major depression which occurred in 1799 for the first time. At least three depressive episodes followed before he was struck by a stroke in 1835. There are epidemiological, psychodynamic and personality-typological reasons supporting our diagnostic assumption. The course of his depression corresponds to phases of reduced creativity, to the chosen techniques and motives. Finally we discuss the implications of our approach for the pathographical method in general.
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Kulakov, A. I.; Shishkanov, V. S.
2017-11-01
The paper is devoted to the preparation of an innovative foot itinerary for tourists in Karl Marx Street in the town of Irkutsk. Methodology on preparation of sightseeing tours has been analysed by the authors. The analysis of the methodology has facilitated selecting the criteria to classify the excursions as well as the criteria for assessing and shortlisting the objects for excursion exposure. Some chosen criteria being used in tour arrangement and certain specificities of tour preparation have been revealed which are characteristic particularly for Karl Marx Street as a history-related one. It is also proved in the paper that the itinerary prepared for tourists is in full correspondence with the key innovation objectives in tourism.
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Naised käsu korras firmade juhatusse! Jah või ei? / Kairi Alt, Aveli Kippari, Karl Koort... [jt.
2011-01-01
Küsimusele vastavad Columbus IT Partner Eesti AS personalijuht Kairi Alt, Stele ja Riveli omanik Aveli Kippari, AS Panaviatic'i turundusjuht Karl Koort, OÜ Tarkvara Tehnoloogia Arenduskeskuse tegevjuht Indrek Vainu, AS PricewaterhouseCoopers auditiosakonna direktor Eva Jansen, Kalev Chocolate Factory tootmisjuht Hardo Reinike
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Vita biografica vs. Vita biologica. la questione dell’anthropos in Karl Löwith
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Gambardella, Fabiana
2012-12-01
Full Text Available This work focuses on Karl Löwith’s anthropology. Despite the great number of anthropological studies carried out at the beginning of 20th Century and aimed at describing human nature by means of natural science (biology, ethology, zoology, Löwith elaborates an anthropology based on the concept of biographical life. Man is not a simple living being, he is also an unnatural being that produces himself through the relationship with the other within a shared world.
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Héroe trágico, nociones de catarsis y de destino en tres textos teóricos de Friedrich Hölderlin
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David Eduardo Alvarado Archila
2017-07-01
Full Text Available En el siguiente artículo analizaré en primer lugar cómo Friedrich Hölderlin (1770-1843 se distancia de la Poética de Aristóteles al proponer la figura del héroe trágico como fundamento de la tragedia en Grund zum Empedokles [Fundamento para el Empédocles], Annmerkungen zum Oedipus [Comentarios sobre Edipo] y Anmerkungen zum Antigonae [Comentarios sobre Antígona]. En segundo lugar, examinaré la noción de “catarsis” que concibe este poeta alemán en dichos tratados. Finalmente, estudiaré la noción de destino que se formula en los Comentarios en relación con las posibilidades de realización de la tragedia en la época moderna. This article analyzes first how Friedrich Hölderlin (1770-1843 distances himself from Aristotle’s Poetics by positing the figure of tragic hero as the foundation of tragedy in the Grund zum Empedokles [Basis of Empedocles], Annmerkungen zum Oedipus [Remarks on Oedipus], and Anmerkungen zum Antigonae [Remarks on Antigone]. Secondly, the article explores the concept of "catharsis" that the German poet puts forward in these essays. Finally, it discusses the concept of fate in the Remarks, in relation with the possibilities of tragedy in modern times.
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Bringing the economy back in: Hannah Arendt, Karl Marx, and the politics of capitalism
İnce, Onur Ulaş
2016-01-01
This article engages with the question of how to construct modern economic relations as an object of political theorizing by placing Hannah Arendt's and Karl Marx's writings in critical conversation. I contend that the political aspect of capitalism comes into sharpest relief less in relations of economic exploitation than in moments of expropriation that produce and reproduce the conditions of capitalist accumulation. To develop a theoretical handle on expropriation and thereby on the politi...
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Huerlimann, W.
1981-04-01
The paper describes the structure and characteristics of the spectrometer and its application in a study of the 102 Ru(d,p) 103 Ru and 104 Ru(p,d) 103 Ru reactions. The study is structured as follows: To begin with the theoretical fundamentals, ion-optical characteristics and layout of BIG KARL are described. Field measurements and analyses carried out on the magnets of the spectrometer are described as well as the functioning of the 'Ht correction coils' used here for the first time to prevent faulty imaging. Chapter IV then describes methods employed so far to optimize resolution for large aperture angles of the spectrometer. Finally, chapter V investigates the 103 Ru transition nucleons on the basis of the 102 Ru(d,p) 103 RU and 104 Ru(p,d) 103 Ru transfer reactions measured in BIG KARL. (orig./HSI) [de
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Phantom-like behavior of a DGP-inspired Scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Nozari, Kourosh; Azizi, Tahereh; Setare, M.R.
2009-01-01
We study the phantom-like behavior of a DGP-inspired braneworld scenario where curvature correction on the brane is taken into account. We include a possible modification of the induced gravity on the brane by incorporating higher order curvature terms of Gauss-Bonnet type. We investigate the cosmological implications of the model and we show that the normal branch of the scenario self-accelerates in this modified scenario without introducing any dark energy component. Also, a phantom-like behavior can be realized in this model without introducing any phantom field that suffers from serious difficulties such as violation of the null energy condition
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3rd Karl Schwarzschild Meeting - Gravity and the Gauge/Gravity Correspondence
Nicolini, Piero; Kaminski, Matthias; Mureika, Jonas; Bleicher, Marcus
2018-01-01
The Karl Schwarzschild Meeting 2017 (KSM2017) has been the third instalment of the conference dedicated to the great Frankfurter scientist, who derived the first black hole solution of Einstein's equations about 100 years ago. The event has been a 5 day meeting in the field of black holes, AdS/CFT correspondence and gravitational physics. Like the two previous instalments, the conference continued to attract a stellar ensemble of participants from the world's most renowned institutions. The core of the meeting has been a series of invited talks from eminent experts (keynote speakers) as well as the presence of plenary research talks by students and junior speakers.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Hachtmann, R. (ed.); Walker, M.
2005-07-01
The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics is best known as the place where Werner Heisenberg worked on nuclear weapons for Hitler. Although this is essentially true, there is more to the story. At the start of World War II this institute was taken over by the German Army Ordnance to be the central, but not exclusive site for a research project into the economic and military applications of nuclear fission. The Army physicist Kurt Diebner was installed in the institute as its commissarial director. Heisenberg was affiliated with the institute as an advisor at first, and became the director in 1942. Heisenberg and his colleagues, including in particular Karl-Heinz Hoecker, Carl Friedrich von Weizsaecker, and Karl Wirtz, worked on nuclear reactors and isotope separation with the clear knowledge that these were two different paths to atomic bombs [Atombomben]. However, they were clearly ambivalent about what they were doing. New documents recently returned from Russian archives shed new light on this work and the scientists' motivations. (orig.)
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Sir Karl Popper and his philosophy of physics
Jammer, Max
1991-12-01
The eminent mathematical physicist Sir Hermann Bondi once said: “There is no more to science than its method, and there is no more to its method than Popper has said.” Indeed, many regard Sir Karl Raimund Popper the greatest philosopher of science in our generation. Much of what Popper “has said” refers to physics, but physicists, generally speaking, have little knowledge of what he has said. True, Popper's philosophy of science and, in particular, his realistic interpretation of quantum mechanics deviates considerably from the generally accepted doctrine. But as Popper, rightly I think, points out, it is precisely the proliferation of divergent theories which promotes the growth of scientific knowledge; it would be a danger for physics if physicists were dogmatically tied to a single theory or would not test their theory against alternatives. It is for this purpose that, on the occasion of the nonagenarian celebration of Popper's birthday, the present essay has been written.
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Dominick, Wayne D. (Editor); Triantafyllopoulos, Spiros
1985-01-01
A collection of presentation visuals associated with the companion report entitled KARL: A Knowledge-Assisted Retrieval Language, is presented. Information is given on data retrieval, natural language database front ends, generic design objectives, processing capababilities and the query processing cycle.
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Readers and academic reading of Karl Marx (São Paulo, 1958-1964
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Lidiane Soares Rodrigues
2016-05-01
Full Text Available Ideas, books and concepts of Karl Marx and various Marxist authors was incorporated into scientific and cultural institutions. It is one of the political sphere importation into the academic implying sense of speed in relation to its origins and gave to Marxism, through the practices of the agents of this transfer, support for their preservation, dissemination and transformation. Concurrently, there is the incorporation of these lines to the required reading of the humanities and the repertoire of cultivated layers. Examination of appropriations that academic and cultured elites made of Marx, situate them (such work and such elites, institutionally. This is what this article does. Arguing that the legitimacy of the uses of a tradition result not only of their intrinsic value, but the work oriented agents interested in it, is elected an exemplary experience for research. This article looks at two university groups initially focused on the study of Karl Marx's work, made in the late 1950. It begins by proposing a collective biography, the reading program and the various uses they made of them. To refine the analysis and proof the advocated method selects for vertical take, within a group (the first one and a discipline (sociology, two contrasting trajectories (Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Octavio Ianni and various forms Marxism (theoretical and empirical / dominant and dominated. Finally, it discusses the profits propitiated to have operated with three concepts of cultural sociology: habitus, « field » and « patterns of intention » – taken from the works of Pierre Bourdieu and Michael Baxandall.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Junesang Choi
2014-01-01
Full Text Available A remarkably large number of integral transforms and fractional integral formulas involving various special functions have been investigated by many authors. Very recently, Agarwal gave some integral transforms and fractional integral formulas involving the Fp(α,β(·. In this sequel, using the same technique, we establish certain integral transforms and fractional integral formulas for the generalized Gauss hypergeometric functions Fp(α,β,m(·. Some interesting special cases of our main results are also considered.
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Karl Heinrich Ulrichs: First Theorist of Erotic Age Orientation.
Janssen, Diederik F
2017-01-01
The nomination of Karl Heinrich Ulrichs (1825-1895) as the first theorist of homosexuality may be placed in the oblique light of his eligibility for the nomination as the first theorist of erotic age orientation. In Ulrichs's pamphlets, "man-manly" homosexuality emerged as a particular age orientation, with a subsequent typological breakdown that, importantly, blended gender orientation and age orientation. Into the early 20th century, erotic age orientation remained bound up with the classification and emancipation of what here was demarcated as Urningsliebe. Ulrichs's pioneering and shifting comments on age eventually fed into his legal model of consenting adults in private. They also provide a starting point for the historical understanding of the trope of "grooming pedophile" as it, arguably, crossfaded with that of the "seducing homosexual" after the latter's depsychiatricization across the Western world.
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Some exact solutions with torsion in 5D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Canfora, F.; Giacomini, A.; Willison, S.
2007-01-01
Exact solutions with torsion in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity are derived. These solutions have a cross product structure of two constant curvature manifolds. The equations of motion give a relation for the coupling constants of the theory in order to have solutions with nontrivial torsion. This relation is not the Chern-Simons combination. One of the solutions has an AdS 2 xS 3 structure and is so the purely gravitational analogue of the Bertotti-Robinson space-time where the torsion can be seen as the dual of the covariantly constant electromagnetic field
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Eva Tavčar; Erika Turk; Samo Kreft
2012-01-01
The most commonly used technique for water content determination is Karl-Fischer titration with electrometric detection, requiring specialized equipment. When appropriate equipment is not available, the method can be performed through visual detection of a titration endpoint, which does not enable an analysis of colored samples. Here, we developed a method with spectrophotometric detection of a titration endpoint, appropriate for moisture determination of colored samples. The reaction takes p...
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An acceleration technique for the Gauss-Seidel method applied to symmetric linear systems
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Jesús Cajigas
2014-06-01
Full Text Available A preconditioning technique to improve the convergence of the Gauss-Seidel method applied to symmetric linear systems while preserving symmetry is proposed. The preconditioner is of the form I + K and can be applied an arbitrary number of times. It is shown that under certain conditions the application of the preconditioner a finite number of steps reduces the matrix to a diagonal. A series of numerical experiments using matrices from spatial discretizations of partial differential equations demonstrates that both versions of the preconditioner, point and block version, exhibit lower iteration counts than its non-symmetric version. Resumen. Se propone una técnica de precondicionamiento para mejorar la convergencia del método Gauss-Seidel aplicado a sistemas lineales simétricos pero preservando simetría. El precondicionador es de la forma I + K y puede ser aplicado un número arbitrario de veces. Se demuestra que bajo ciertas condiciones la aplicación del precondicionador un número finito de pasos reduce la matriz del sistema precondicionado a una diagonal. Una serie de experimentos con matrices que provienen de la discretización de ecuaciones en derivadas parciales muestra que ambas versiones del precondicionador, por punto y por bloque, muestran un menor número de iteraciones en comparación con la versión que no preserva simetría.
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Voigt, G; Börker, G; Edelmann, S; Hartung, A; Hartung, G; Heyne, S; Töpfer, V
1980-11-15
From 1975 to 1979 in the district of the City of Karl-Marx-Stadt 91,130 females at the age between 20 and 65 years were summoned to a gynaecologico-cardiological mass examination which was supported by computer. 56,460 females underwent the examination. According to the WHO-criteria two measurements of blood pressure were carried out, when increased blood pressure was present a third one and a fourth one by an examination group. A diagnostic standard programme was used. In the second measurement of blood pressure we established 19.8% of patients with hypertension and 28.6% patients with borderline values. 52.8% of the hypertensions were known. Of 10,685 females with known or established hypertension 10.1% underwent an optimum therapy. On the basis of these results a programme for the fight against hypertension was developed for the county Karl-Marx-Stadt.
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Leibnitz, L; Werner, L; Schober, W; Brauer, K
1977-04-01
A review is given on the development of the brain research institute of the Karl-Marx-University of Leipzig during the directorates of Paul Flechsig (1883-1920), Richard Arwed Pfeifer (1925-1957), and Wolfgang Wünscher (1957-1971).
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Spontaneous Scalarization of Black Holes and Compact Stars from a Gauss-Bonnet Coupling.
Silva, Hector O; Sakstein, Jeremy; Gualtieri, Leonardo; Sotiriou, Thomas P; Berti, Emanuele
2018-03-30
We identify a class of scalar-tensor theories with coupling between the scalar and the Gauss-Bonnet invariant that exhibit spontaneous scalarization for both black holes and compact stars. In particular, these theories formally admit all of the stationary solutions of general relativity, but these are not dynamically preferred if certain conditions are satisfied. Remarkably, black holes exhibit scalarization if their mass lies within one of many narrow bands. We find evidence that scalarization can occur in neutron stars as well.
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Conical refraction and formation of multiring focal image with Laguerre-Gauss light beams.
Peet, Viktor
2011-08-01
For a light beam focused through a biaxial crystal along one of its optical axes, the effect of internal conical refraction in the crystal leads to the formation in the focal image plane of two bright rings separated by a dark ring. It is shown that, with circularly polarized Laguerre-Gauss LG(0)(ℓ) beams entering the crystal, this classical double-ring pattern is transformed into a multiring one consisting of ℓ+2 bright rings. © 2011 Optical Society of America
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Determination of water in nuclear materials by means of the Karl Fischer method
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Pereira, W.; Rocha, S.M.R.; Atalla, L.T.; Abrao, A.
1987-06-01
Karl Fischer Method was adapted for water determination in uranium coumpounds and substances of nuclear interest, by using a comercial equipment. The experimental conditions for the analysis of U 3 O 8 , UO 3 , UO 2 , UF 4 KFnHF and (NH 4 ) 4 UO 2 (CO 3 ) 3 were established. The influence of the agitation and contact time between sample and solvent, of the sample weight, of the reaction end point determination and of the sample granulometry on the precision and accuracy of results was also studied. (Author) [pt
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In a preliminary study to measure total water in lint cotton we demonstrated that volumetric Karl Fischer Titration of moisture transported by a carrier gas from an attached small oven is more accurate than standard oven drying in air. The objective of the present study was to assess the measuremen...
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Casimir Energy of the Nambu-Goto String with Gauss-Bonnet Term and Point-Like Masses at the Ends
Hadasz, Leszek
1999-09-01
We calculate the Casimir energy of the rotating Nambu-Goto string with the Gauss-Bonnet term in the action and point-like masses at the ends. This energy turns out to be negative for every values of the parameters of the model.
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Casimir Energy of the Nambu-Goto String with Gauss-Bonnet Term and Point-Like Masses at the Ends
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Hadasz, L.
1999-01-01
We calculate the Casimir energy of the rotating Nambu-Goto string with the Gauss-Bonnet term in the action and point-like masses at the ends. This energy turns out to be negative for every values of the parameters of the model. (author)
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Information Systems Foundations - Karl Popper's third world
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Craig McDonald
2002-11-01
Full Text Available The various information professions have matured separately over the years, developing different bodies of theory and practice to meet their evolving purposes and needs. A problem arises however, when different information professions address the same knowledge domain and there is no explicit correspondence between the conceptual structures embedded independently in each. In this situation, a knowledge worker involved in the domain is faced with a range of possibly incompatible structures presented in different forms by a range of information professions. This is a common problem that is being exacerbated by the explosion in information production and the widening access to information distribution technology, notably the World Wide Web. Information Systems now need to combine the best of what the information professions in a domain have to offer the domain’s knowledge workers. This paper examines the problem by exploring one of the foundations of the information disciplines - Karl Popper’s 3 Worlds theory, applying it to a case study and suggesting that the Information Systems discipline alone has a sufficiently broad agenda to integrate the various Informatics themes needed to support today’s knowledge workers.
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Near-infrared reflectance analysis by Gauss-Jordan linear algebra
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Honigs, D.E.; Freelin, J.M.; Hieftje, G.M.; Hirschfeld, T.B.
1983-01-01
Near-infrared reflectance analysis is an analytical technique that uses the near-infrared diffuse reflectance of a sample at several discrete wavelengths to predict the concentration of one or more of the chemical species in that sample. However, because near-infrared bands from solid samples are both abundant and broad, the reflectance at a given wavelength usually contains contributions from several sample components, requiring extensive calculations on overlapped bands. In the present study, these calculations have been performed using an approach similar to that employed in multi-component spectrophotometry, but with Gauss-Jordan linear algebra serving as the computational vehicle. Using this approach, correlations for percent protein in wheat flour and percent benzene in hydrocarbons have been obtained and are evaluated. The advantages of a linear-algebra approach over the common one employing stepwise regression are explored
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Gnedin, Nickolay Y.; Semenov, Vadim A.; Kravtsov, Andrey V.
2018-04-01
An optimally efficient explicit numerical scheme for solving fluid dynamics equations, or any other parabolic or hyperbolic system of partial differential equations, should allow local regions to advance in time with their own, locally constrained time steps. However, such a scheme can result in violation of the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) condition, which is manifestly non-local. Although the violations can be considered to be "weak" in a certain sense and the corresponding numerical solution may be stable, such calculation does not guarantee the correct propagation speed for arbitrary waves. We use an experimental fluid dynamics code that allows cubic "patches" of grid cells to step with independent, locally constrained time steps to demonstrate how the CFL condition can be enforced by imposing a constraint on the time steps of neighboring patches. We perform several numerical tests that illustrate errors introduced in the numerical solutions by weak CFL condition violations and show how strict enforcement of the CFL condition eliminates these errors. In all our tests the strict enforcement of the CFL condition does not impose a significant performance penalty.
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The politics of psychiatry and the vicissitudes of faith circa 1950: Karl Stern's psychiatric novel.
Burston, Daniel
2015-01-01
Karl Stern, MD (1906-1975) was the author of The Pillar of Fire (1951) and three nonfiction books on psychiatry, psychoanalysis, and religion. His novel, Through Dooms of Love (1960), written with the assistance of his friend and admirer Graham Greene, covers a number of topics that were to psychiatric theory, treatment, and research at mid-century, and reflects several features of his own personal and professional vicissitudes. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Komunisme Sebuah Utopia dalam Era Globalisasi: Tinjauan Historis terhadap Pemikiran Karl Marx
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Nasrullah Nazsir
2001-12-01
Full Text Available Kehancuran negara-negara berhaluan komunis pasca Perang Dingin menyebabkan keabsahan ideologi komunis yang digagas Marx dipertanyakan kembali. Kendati demikian, hancurnya pemerintahan negara-negara komunis tersebut tidak berarti matinya komunisme. Banyak pemikiran baru muncul mereinterpretasi gagasan Marx berlandaskan pada kritik dan otokritik yang dilakukan sejumlah Marxis, mulai dari Friedrich Engels yang hidup sezaman dengan Marx, hingga Marxis-Marxis sesudahnya seperti Herbert Marcuse, Roger Garaudy, Jurgen Habermas dan T.W. Adorno. Disimpulkan, Marxisme sebagai sebuah gerakan pemikiran tidak akan pernah mati, karena akan selalu diinterpretasi untuk menjawab tantangan zaman dewasa ini, yang masih ditandai oleh saratnya permasalahan manusia, alienasi, ketimpangan, ketidakadilan, dan berbagai penyakit masyarakat lainnya. Dalam konteks masa kini, paham Marxis bertransformasi menjadi multimuka Marxisme yang menawarkan gagasan-gagasan segar, sekaligus kontroversial seperti Gerakan New Left dan usulan kerjasama antara kaum agamis dan komunis dalam Teologi Pembebasan Amerika Latin.
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Contração de Lorentz, lei de Gauss e lei de Ampère
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Ortiz Olivia
2003-01-01
Full Text Available Mostramos como obter a expressão para a contração de Lorentz dos comprimentos, a partir das leis de Gauss e Ampère, sem qualquer conhecimento da teoria da relatividade especial de Einstein. Mostramos em seguida que tal resultado é consistente com a transformação relativística dos campos elétrico e magnético.
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Psychoanalysis, science and the seductive theory of Karl Popper.
Grant, Don C; Harari, Edwin
2005-06-01
To present a critique of the ideas of Karl Popper, the philosopher of science, whose depiction of psychoanalysis as a pseudoscience is often used to justify attacks on psychoanalysis. Published sources are used to provide a brief intellectual biography of Popper, a summary of his concept of science and a summary of criticisms of Popper's view of science. His depiction of psychoanalysis and Freud's reply are presented. Clinical, experimental and neurobiological research which refutes Popper's view is summarized. There is a vast scholarly published work critical of Popper's falsifiability criterion of science. Less recognized is Popper's misunderstanding and misrepresentation of psychoanalysis; his argument against it is logically flawed and empirically false. Even if Popper's theory of science is accepted, there is considerable clinical, experimental and neurobiological research in psychoanalysis which meets Popper's criterion of science. Attacks on psychoanalysis based on Popper's theory of science are ill-founded and reflect inadequate scholarship.
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The origin of art according to Karl von den Steinen
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Pierre Déléage
2015-06-01
Full Text Available Based on a study of the custom, adopted by ethnologists in the early 20th century, of asking Amerindians of Lowland South America to do drawings in pencil in their notebooks, I explore three forgotten fragments of the history of thinking: the intense debates on the origin of ornaments, opposing an evolutionist and a materialist approach at the end of the 19th century; the theories on the origin of figuration, which I show date back to the important work of Karl von den Steinen regarding the populations of central Brazil; and the publications of ethnologists’ portraits drawn by Indians of the lowlands of South America, a little-known tradition of reverse anthropology serving as a counterpoint to the study of the reception of Amerindian art in Western ethnological literature.
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Hansen, Werner
2016-12-01
The beginnings of modern western medicine reach to about 1800 when under the liberating influence of French Revolution observation of diseases was started to follow more scientifically justified criteria. At that time speculative doctrines prevailed, e. g. those set up natural philosopher Schelling. In this context Internist Friedrich Theodor von Frerichs at Berlin Charité University Hospital gained great merits because of his struggle for a scientifically-based experimental clinical medicine. This is demonstrated nicely in a recently found autograph document. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.
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Rui Ribeiro de Campos
2014-12-01
Full Text Available For a long time, Vidal de la Blache was considered an opponent of Friedrich Ratzel’s ideas, especially in Brazil. Analysis of several Vidal’s texts has shown that it did not exist and that Ratzel had a important influence in some of the French geographer conceptions. This is the fact that the article aims to detach, besides exposing the reasons of putting this “rivalry” and analyzing Vidal’s writings to demonstrate this last one’s respect for the Prussian geographer conceptions.
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Habison, Peter
From 1897 to 1899 Karl Schwarzschild worked at the Kuffner Observatory in Vienna. During these years he developed new measuring techniques in the field of photographic photometry, where he studied particularly the quantitative determination of the departure from the reciprocity law during photographic exposure. This paper concentrates on Schwarzschild's early work in this field and gives an overview of his important Viennese years.
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Karl Popper's Conception of Metaphysics and its Problems
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Cláudia Ribeiro
2014-08-01
Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1808-1711.2014v18n2p209 In this paper I intend to thoroughly analyse Karl Popper’s relation to metaphysics. I start with his first writings, where he states the differences between science, pseudoscience and metaphysics. I then describe how his thoughts on the subject evolved to culminate in his reflection on metaphysical research programmes and the need for a revival of natural philosophy. A major concern is Popper’s famous testability criterion to set apart science from non-science. I point at the problems of the conception of metaphysics as non-testable theories (which are similar to the problems of the conception of metaphysics as theories involving unobservables and, in order to avoid these problems, I propose to retain nothing but the traditional conception of metaphysics as the general theories about the nature of the world. This leads me to the conclusion that science is not only an empirical task but also, and in a very important sense, a speculative one.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Jonas Hock
2015-07-01
Full Text Available Kirill Abrosimov, Aufklärung jenseits der Öffentlichkeit: Friedrich Melchior Grimms ‚Correspondance littéraire‘ (1753–1773 zwischen der „république des lettres“ und europäischen Fürstenhöfen (Ostfildern: Thorbecke, 2014.
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Bachmann, H
1987-11-01
Genetic counselling for inherited neurological diseases has been established at the Clinic for Neurology of Karl Marx University. Comprehensive experiences have been got with the specific and sometimes markedly different problems and aims of counselling in Wilsons disease, X-linked recessive muscular dystrophies, myotonic dystrophy and other neuromuscular disorders, Huntingtons chorea and hereditary ataxias.
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Casimir energy of the Nambu-Goto string with Gauss-Bonnet term and point-like masses at the ends
Hadasz, Leszek
1999-01-01
We calculate (using zeta function regularization) the Casimir energy of the rotating Nambu-Goto string with the Gauss-Bonnet term in the action and point-like masses at the ends. The resulting value turns out to be negative for all values of the parameters of the model.
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Cosmology of modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Li Baojiu; Barrow, John D.; Mota, David F.
2007-01-01
We consider the cosmology where some function f(G) of the Gauss-Bonnet term G is added to the gravitational action to account for the late-time accelerating expansion of the universe. The covariant and gauge invariant perturbation equations are derived with a method which could also be applied to general f(R,R ab R ab ,R abcd R abcd ) gravitational theories. It is pointed out that, despite their fourth-order character, such f(G) gravity models generally cannot reproduce arbitrary background cosmic evolutions; for example, the standard ΛCDM paradigm with Ω DE =0.76 cannot be realized in f(G) gravity theories unless f is a true cosmological constant because it imposes exclusionary constraints on the form of f(G). We analyze the perturbation equations and find that, as in the f(R) model, the stability of early-time perturbation growth puts some constraints on the functional form of f(G), in this case ∂ 2 f/∂G 2 <0. Furthermore, the stability of small-scale perturbations also requires that f not deviate significantly from a constant. These analyses are illustrated by numerically propagating the perturbation equations with a specific model reproducing a representative ΛCDM cosmic history. Our results show how the f(G) models are highly constrained by cosmological data
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Carlotta Santini
2018-01-01
Full Text Available The prevailing concept of geography, understood as the study and description of the Earth, can be viewed as a form of removal: less than two-thirds of the globe, that is, the seas or the liquid elements of the Earth, are removed or at the very least are not explicitly designated. This article will focus on issues concerning the classification, systematization, and conceptualization of geographic knowledge that took place in nineteenth-century Germany. I will try to demonstrate how this alleged “removal” operates in modern geography and how it links with a contrasting movement that aims to reintegrate the liquid element of the Earth into the field of geography, on the basis of the man/world relation. I will focus in particular on Friedrich Ratzel’s (1844-1904 pioneering studies in anthropogeography and political geography.
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KARL GOOSS AND A TEMPLE OF JUPITER IN APULUM
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Csaba Szabó
2015-12-01
Full Text Available Karl Gooss (1844-1881 was one of the few intellectuals of his time who witnessed personally the building of the railway and the ditch of Alba Iulia between 1865 and 1868. The construction was the biggest project of the city since the building of the Vauban fort and destroyed the most significant part of the Colonia Aurelia Apulensis, one of the biggest urban centers of the province. During these works, Gooss witnessed the discovery and destruction of the first Jupiter temple attested in Dacia, the biggest silver deposit ever found in Transylvania and the first coin hoard of Apulum. His German publication was ignored by the later historiography, although it is the first and only detailed account of the archaeological finds discovered in the Partoș in the end of August, 1867. His detailed account helps us to identify the context of some well known artifacts and to reconsider the topography of the Colonia Aurelia Apulensis.
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Descriptive psychopathology, phenomenology, and the legacy of Karl Jaspers.
Häfner, Heinz
2015-03-01
With his early publications (1910-1913), Karl Jaspers created a comprehensive methodological arsenal for psychiatry, thus laying the foundation for descriptive psychopathology. Following Edmund Husserl, the founder of philosophical phenomenology, Jaspers introduced phenomenology into psychopathology as "static understanding," ie, the unprejudiced intuitive reproduction (Vergegenwärtigung) and description of conscious phenomena. In a longitudinal perspective, "genetic understanding" based on empathy reveals how mental phenomena arise from mental phenomena. Severance in understanding of, or alienation from, meaningful connections is seen as indicating illness or transition of a natural development into a somatic process. Jaspers opted for philosophy early. After three terms of law, he switched to studying medicine, came to psychopathology after very little training in psychiatry; to psychology without ever studying psychology; and to a chair in philosophy without ever studying philosophy. In the fourth and subsequent editions of his General Psychopathology, imbued by his existential philosophy, Jaspers partly abandoned the descriptive method.
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O modelo de Karl Popper sob a ótica das Ciências Sociais Aplicadas
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Milton de Abreu Campanario
2012-04-01
Full Text Available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8077.2012v14n32p124 Karl Popper é o principal filósofo da ciência na modernidade, disputando com Thomas Kuhn a primazia de interpretação do método científico. Claramente há diferentes visões para uma leitura desse importante autor que cunhou o método chamado de dedutivo com teste. O texto reconhece a relevância da visão de Karl Popperno desenvolvimento de trabalhos científicos das ciências exatas e biológicas, onde é amplamente aceita. No entanto, nota-se que essa formulação é pouco sistematizada na área das ciências sociais aplicadas. Este é um ensaio que busca resgatar a sua contribuição, numa tentativa de traduzir os conceitos por ele desenvolvidos de forma didática. Para tanto, será feita uma introdução aos fundamentos da ciência como forma específica de conhecimento, buscando contrastar os métodos dedutivo e indutivo e os procedimentos da ciência formal, básica e aplicada. Uma tentativa de classificar a formulação de proposições a serem testadas ou falseadas é feita com a utilização de diferentes critérios, utilizando exemplos da administração e da economia para ilustração.
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Nonsingular solutions and instabilities in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet cosmology
Sberna, Laura; Pani, Paolo
2017-12-01
It is generically believed that higher-order curvature corrections to the Einstein-Hilbert action might cure the curvature singularities that plague general relativity. Here we consider Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity, the only four-dimensional, ghost-free theory with quadratic curvature terms. For any choice of the coupling function and of the scalar potential, we show that the theory does not allow for bouncing solutions in the flat and open Friedmann universe. For the case of a closed universe, using a reverse-engineering method, we explicitly provide a bouncing solution which is nevertheless linearly unstable in the scalar gravitational sector. Moreover, we show that the expanding, singularity-free, early-time cosmologies allowed in the theory are unstable. These results rely only on analyticity and finiteness of cosmological variables at early times.
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Black hole formation in AdS Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Deppe, Nils [Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science andDepartment of Physics, Cornell University,122 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853 (United States); Kolly, Allison [Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, McGill University,805 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec H3A 0B9 (Canada); Frey, Andrew R.; Kunstatter, Gabor [Department of Physics and Winnipeg Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Winnipeg,515 Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3B 2E9 (Canada)
2016-10-17
AdS spacetime has been shown numerically to be unstable against a large class of arbitrarily small perturbations. In http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.071102, the authors presented a preliminary study of the effects on stability of changing the local dynamics by adding a Gauss-Bonnet term to the Einstein action. Here we provide further details as well as new results with improved numerical methods. In particular, we elucidate new structure in Choptuik scaling plots. We also provide evidence of chaotic behavior at the transition between immediate horizon formation and horizon formation after the matter pulse reflects from the AdS conformal boundary. Finally, we present data suggesting the formation of naked singularities in spacetimes with ADM mass below the algebraic bound for black hole formation.
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Historical consciousness and existential awareness in Karl Barth’s hermeneutics
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G.M.M. Pelser
2007-05-01
Full Text Available Karl Barth’s hermeneutic legacy prolonged Western Christian tradition, especially influenced by Hegelian philosophy of history. This led to Barth’s “theological exegesis” instead of a historic-critical exegesis. In a preceding article Barth’s understanding of the notion “hermeneutic circle” is discussed against the background of the Enlightenment and its counter-movement in Romanticism. In this article Barth’s attitude to the place and role of historical criticism is explained in light of his dialectic distinction between “scientific” and “practical” interpretation. The article aims to show that Barth, with his dialectics, continues Schleiermacher’s realism. In conclusion, the positivistic traits in the Barth legacy are raised once again, in order to open the door to Jürgen Habermas and other deconstructionist thinkers of the postmodern era in hermeneutics.
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Evasion of No-Hair Theorems and Novel Black-Hole Solutions in Gauss-Bonnet Theories.
Antoniou, G; Bakopoulos, A; Kanti, P
2018-03-30
We consider a general Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet theory with a coupling function f(ϕ). We demonstrate that black-hole solutions appear as a generic feature of this theory since a regular horizon and an asymptotically flat solution may be easily constructed under mild assumptions for f(ϕ). We show that the existing no-hair theorems are easily evaded, and a large number of regular black-hole solutions with scalar hair are then presented for a plethora of coupling functions f(ϕ).
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Evasion of No-Hair Theorems and Novel Black-Hole Solutions in Gauss-Bonnet Theories
Antoniou, G.; Bakopoulos, A.; Kanti, P.
2018-03-01
We consider a general Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet theory with a coupling function f (ϕ ) . We demonstrate that black-hole solutions appear as a generic feature of this theory since a regular horizon and an asymptotically flat solution may be easily constructed under mild assumptions for f (ϕ ). We show that the existing no-hair theorems are easily evaded, and a large number of regular black-hole solutions with scalar hair are then presented for a plethora of coupling functions f (ϕ ).
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Lina, uma criança exemplar! Friedrich Froebel e a pedagogia dos jardins-de-infância
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Alessandra Arce
2002-01-01
Full Text Available This work analyses an important text written by Friedrich Froebel (1782- 1852, creator of the Kindergartens. The text, entitled "On how Lina learnt to read and write: a story for children who like to be busy", explains, in story form, the most important educational principles of Froebel. The aim of this paper is to present the ideas of the author with regard to how one ought to think and practice education for early childhood, taking the story as the starting point. The ideas of one of the pioneers of education for early childhood (children of less than six years of age are re-discussed since it is considered that his educational theory presents the seeds for current discussions in favour of constructing a Pedagogy for Child Education.
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Regular black holes in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Ghosh, Sushant G.; Singh, Dharm Veer; Maharaj, Sunil D.
2018-05-01
Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory, a natural generalization of general relativity to a higher dimension, admits a static spherically symmetric black hole which was obtained by Boulware and Deser. This black hole is similar to its general relativity counterpart with a curvature singularity at r =0 . We present an exact 5D regular black hole metric, with parameter (k >0 ), that interpolates between the Boulware-Deser black hole (k =0 ) and the Wiltshire charged black hole (r ≫k ). Owing to the appearance of the exponential correction factor (e-k /r2), responsible for regularizing the metric, the thermodynamical quantities are modified, and it is demonstrated that the Hawking-Page phase transition is achievable. The heat capacity diverges at a critical radius r =rC, where incidentally the temperature is maximum. Thus, we have a regular black hole with Cauchy and event horizons, and evaporation leads to a thermodynamically stable double-horizon black hole remnant with vanishing temperature. The entropy does not satisfy the usual exact horizon area result of general relativity.
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Künzel, W
1976-01-01
Cariostatistical comparisons made since the start of drinking-water fluoridation in Karl-Marx-Stadt suggested territorial differences in the prevalence of dental decay. In the present paper an attempt is made to analyse the problems involved, with due consideration being given to both demographic and ecological factors.
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Asko Nivala
2011-11-01
Full Text Available German early Romanticism was an intellectual movement that originated in the era between the great French Revolution of 1789 and the beginning of the Napoleonic Wars in 1803. Usually, it is defined in contrast to the Enlightenment. The Enlightenment is presented as the age of reason, criticism and scientific naturalism, while the Romantics are portrayed as its reactionary enemies. According to a still customary prejudice, Romanticism was the age of exaggerated emotions, authoritarian dogmatism and mystical superstition. However, our notion of the Enlightenment has undergone changes in recent decades. Because the traditional antagonism between Aufklärung and Frühromantik has become questionable, the Romantic revival of religion needs reconsideration. In this paper, Nivala proposes an argument why the Romantics did not fall into reactionary irrationalism. His discussion focuses on one person, Friedrich Schlegel (1772–1829. Nivala presents how two vital presuppositions of the Enlightenment, naturalism and criticism, were reinterpreted by Schlegel as pantheism and mysticism.
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Decentralized Gauss-Newton method for nonlinear least squares on wide area network
Liu, Lanchao; Ling, Qing; Han, Zhu
2014-10-01
This paper presents a decentralized approach of Gauss-Newton (GN) method for nonlinear least squares (NLLS) on wide area network (WAN). In a multi-agent system, a centralized GN for NLLS requires the global GN Hessian matrix available at a central computing unit, which may incur large communication overhead. In the proposed decentralized alternative, each agent only needs local GN Hessian matrix to update iterates with the cooperation of neighbors. The detail formulation of decentralized NLLS on WAN is given, and the iteration at each agent is defined. The convergence property of the decentralized approach is analyzed, and numerical results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
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Model building with wind and water: Friedrich Ahlborn's photo-optical flow analysis.
Hinterwaldner, Inge
2015-02-01
Around 1900, several experimenters investigated turbulences in wind tunnels or water basins by creating visualizations. One of them, the German zoologist Friedrich Ahlborn (1858-1937), was familiar with the works by his contemporaries but he struck a new path. He combined three different kinds of photographs taken at the same time and showed the same situation in his water trough-but each in a different way. With this first basic operation, Ahlborn heuristically opened up a previously non-existent space for experimentation, analysis, and recombination. He generated an astonishing diversity of information by adopting the tactics of 'inversions' in which he interpreted one part of the experimental setup, or its results, in different ways. Between the variants of the 'autographs' which he developed, he defined areas of intersection to be able to translate results from individual records into each other. To this end, Ahlborn created other sets of visual artifacts such as drawn diagrams, three-dimensional wire frame constructions, and clay reliefs. His working method can be described as a cascading array of successive modeling steps, as elaborated by Eric Winsberg (1999), or of inscriptions in Bruno Latour's words (Latour, 1986). By examining Ahlborn's procedures closely we propose conceptualizations for the experimenter's various operations. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Comprehending isospin breaking effects of X (3872 ) in a Friedrichs-model-like scheme
Zhou, Zhi-Yong; Xiao, Zhiguang
2018-02-01
Recently, we have shown that the X (3872 ) state can be naturally generated as a bound state by incorporating the hadron interactions into the Godfrey-Isgur quark model using a Friedrichs-like model combined with the quark pair creation model, in which the wave function for the X (3872 ) as a combination of the bare c c ¯ state and the continuum states can also be obtained. Under this scheme, we now investigate the isospin-breaking effect of X (3872 ) in its decays to J /ψ π+π- and J /ψ π+π-π0. By coupling its dominant continuum parts to J /ψ ρ and J /ψ ω through the quark rearrangement process, one could obtain the reasonable ratio of B (X (3872 )→J /ψ π+π-π0)/B (X (3872 )→J /ψ π+π-)≃ (0.58 - 0.92 ) . It is also shown that the D ¯D* invariant mass distributions in the B →D ¯D*K decays could be understood qualitatively at the same time. This scheme may provide more insight into the enigmatic nature of the X (3872 ) state.
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Natureza e liberdade: a questão ética a posição indeterminista de Karl Popper
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Paulo Eduardo de Oliveira
2009-12-01
Full Text Available This paper analyzes the indeterministic view of the epistemology of Karl Popper. Since the unit understanding of Critical Rationalism, as epistemology and political philosophy at the same time, the article shows in what sense the Popper's proposal reveals an ethical issue of broad scope and interest in contemporary philosophy, particularly in the analysis of the crisis of modern scientism.
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Cedergren, A
1974-06-01
A rapid and sensitive method using true potentiometric end-point detection has been developed and compared with the conventional amperometric method for Karl Fischer determination of water. The effect of the sulphur dioxide concentration on the shape of the titration curve is shown. By using kinetic data it was possible to calculate the course of titrations and make comparisons with those found experimentally. The results prove that the main reaction is the slow step, both in the amperometric and the potentiometric method. Results obtained in the standardization of the Karl Fischer reagent showed that the potentiometric method, including titration to a preselected potential, gave a standard deviation of 0.001(1) mg of water per ml, the amperometric method using extrapolation 0.002(4) mg of water per ml and the amperometric titration to a pre-selected diffusion current 0.004(7) mg of water per ml. Theories and results dealing with dilution effects are presented. The time of analysis was 1-1.5 min for the potentiometric and 4-5 min for the amperometric method using extrapolation.
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História, marxismo e questão social: um diálogo com Max Web e Karl Marx
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Daniela Oliveira Ramos Passos
2011-12-01
Full Text Available O campo de investigação tanto de Karl Marx quanto de Max Weber é o mesmo, ou seja, ambos estudam o caráter “capitalista” da moderna economia e sociedade, isto é, o capitalismo industrial e os desenvolvimentos sociais advindos deste. Porém, suas análises conclusivas são diferenciadas, e porque não, opostas. Marx via a ideologia como uma variável dependente no processo de transformação social. Weber, ao contrário, procurou mostrar que o caráter ideológico não deriva automaticamente da posição social, mas constitui um meio para explicar esta posição. Assim, conforme o exposto, o objetivo deste ensaio é o de tentar explicar os principais aspectos dos estudos de Max Weber e Karl Marx – um possível diálogo entre eles e suas principais diferenças - além de procurar entender a questão social nas obras de ambos.
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["Homesickness and crime"--a contribution of Karl Jaspers to criminal psychology].
Bachhiesl, Sonja Maria
2009-01-01
Even a century after its first publication in "Archives of Criminology" (in German: Archiv für Kriminologie), the doctoral thesis of Karl Jaspers (1883-1969), which was newly edited in 1996, continues to be of interest. Although the crimes described by Jaspers, which took place in a rural area, do no longer occur in this form just as the rural culture itself has disappeared, this paper nevertheless contains reflections that may also be relevant for the interpretation of modern potentials of conflict and violence and crimes rooted therein. The former homesickness has developed into novel phenomena of uprooting. In both cases, problems of maladjustment are a contributing factor to crime motivation. Thus despite all terminological and methodological change, Jaspers' thesis is an example for the continuing relevance of certain subjects in criminological discourse.
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Bouferguene, Ahmed; Safouhi, Hassan
2006-01-01
In a previous work (Bouferguene 2005 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 38 3923), we have shown that in the framework of the Gaussian integral transform, multi-centre integrals over Slater type functions can be evaluated to an acceptable accuracy using a tailored Gauss quadrature in which the weight function has the form W(σ, τ; z) = z ν exp(-σz - τ/z). To be considered a solution worth implementing within a software for routine use in ab initio molecular simulations, the method must also prove to be at least as efficient as those methods previously published in the literature. Two major results are provided in this paper. Firstly, an improvement of the procedure used to generate the roots and weights of the Gauss-Bessel quadrature is proposed. Secondly, a computational cost analysis of the present method and the SD-bar (Safouhi 2001 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 34 2801) based approach are compared, hence proving the equivalence of the two from a complexity point of view
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Burns, Robert, 1759-1796
2006-01-01
Sisu: Mu süda on mägedes ; Hing mägises Shotis ; Mu isa oli farmer ; Künnipoiss ; Noor neiu vanal mehel ; Vana Rob Morris ; Meg veskilt ; Veski-Meg ; Willie pruulis õlut ; John Odratera ; Hägisele ; Shotlased, nüüd seiske kindlad! ; Invernessi neid ; Kuradi tants aktsiisiametnikuga ; Macphersoni hüvastijätt / tlk. Ralf Parve ; Macphersoni hüvastijätt / / tlk. Ants Oras ; Nii ja naa ; Hiirele ; Eleegia Peg Nicholsoni surma puhul ; Vaga Willie palve ; Epitaaf vagale Willièle ; Värsid poeet Fergussoni portree alla ; Lõikuskuu laul ; On kaldal kõrkjad reas ; Mu arm on nagu ruske roos ; Mu arm... ; Oo, mu arm on verev, verev roos ; Esimene suudlus lahkudes ; Mõte karmist saatusest ; Oh näeksin tühja nõmme peal ; Kui näeksin ; "Kui üksi olles näeksid, neid..." ; Käies pikas rohus ; Värsiread ; Mind naine tihti taob ; Rõõmus lesk ; Willie Wastleì naine ; Mul on naine ; John Anderson / tlk. Urmas Tõnisson ; Jaan Anderson / tlk. Karl August Hermann ; Sügiselaul ; Kündja ja lill ; Kodu ; Ometi ; Kõige kiuste ; Kui õis, mis õitseb heinamaal ; Põlev armastus ; Hans ja Krõõt : [luuletused]. Epigramme: Raamatukoi ; Impromptu ; Puudus. Ammustele aegadele : [luuletus]. Autori kohta eluloolisi andmeid lk. 179
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Is there a relation between the 2D Causal Set action and the Lorentzian Gauss-Bonnet theorem?
Benincasa, Dionigi M. T.
2011-07-01
We investigate the relation between the two dimensional Causal Set action, Script S, and the Lorentzian Gauss-Bonnet theorem (LGBT). We give compelling reasons why the answer to the title's question is no. In support of this point of view we calculate the causal set inspired action of causal intervals in some two dimensional spacetimes: Minkowski, the flat cylinder and the flat trousers.
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Is there a relation between the 2D Causal Set action and the Lorentzian Gauss-Bonnet theorem?
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Benincasa, Dionigi M T
2011-01-01
We investigate the relation between the two dimensional Causal Set action, S, and the Lorentzian Gauss-Bonnet theorem (LGBT). We give compelling reasons why the answer to the title's question is no. In support of this point of view we calculate the causal set inspired action of causal intervals in some two dimensional spacetimes: Minkowski, the flat cylinder and the flat trousers.
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2007-01-01
Eripedagoogide vestlusringis osalevad: Tartu Ülikooli eripedagoogika osakonna juhataja Kaja Plado, emeriitdotsent pedagoogikadoktor Karl Karlep, Tartu Kroonuaia Kooli direktor Ain Ostrat ja õppealajuhataja Meelike Maila, Tartu Hiie Kooli õppealajuhataja Hene Binsol ning Tartu Nõustamis- ja õpiabi keskuse juhataja Ana Kontor
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Mustafa ÇOLAK
2015-12-01
Full Text Available In history mankind has experienced the most devastating experience during the years of the First World War. This pre-war and war in the later stages of a decision taken individually, even thousands, even millions of lives have been directly or indirectly affected. Experiencing the process and outcome of the war rather than the causes of human history has so much more busy. Therefore, the cause of the war which works popularity continues even today. Concerning the reasons for the war period, written by the German Finance Minister Dr. Helfferich especially in England, including working with its allies in the war of public opinion in the state has led to many discussions concerning the reasons. Dr. Helfferich’s “The Beginning of Great War”; “German’s Case in The Supreme Court of Civilization”; was published under the title of The New York Times by the Fatherland company in 1915. Dr. Karl Helfferich’s study has been translated in different languages in following period. Keywords: Dr. Theodor Karl Helfferich, The First World War, Reşid Safvet Atabinen, Ottoman Empire, Germany.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Anne M. Hofmeister
2017-11-01
Full Text Available Galactic mass consistent with luminous mass is obtained by fitting rotation curves (RC = tangential velocities vs. equatorial radius r using Newtonian force models, or can be unambiguously calculated from RC data using a model based on spin. In contrast, mass exceeding luminous mass is obtained from multi-parameter fits using potentials associated with test particles orbiting in a disk around a central mass. To understand this disparity, we explore the premises of these mainstream disk potential models utilizing the theorem of Gauss, thermodynamic concepts of Gibbs, the findings of Newton and Maclaurin, and well-established techniques and results from analytical mathematics. Mainstream models assume that galactic density in the axial (z and r directions varies independently: we show that this is untrue for self-gravitating objects. Mathematics and thermodynamic principles each show that modifying Poisson’s equation by summing densities is in error. Neither do mainstream models differentiate between interior and exterior potentials, which is required by potential theory and has been recognized in seminal astronomical literature. The theorem of Gauss shows that: (1 density in Poisson’s equation must be averaged over the interior volume; (2 logarithmic gravitational potentials implicitly assume that mass forms a long, line source along the z axis, unlike any astronomical object; and (3 gravitational stability for three-dimensional shapes is limited to oblate spheroids or extremely tall cylinders, whereas other shapes are prone to collapse. Our findings suggest a mechanism for the formation of the flattened Solar System and of spiral galaxies from gas clouds. The theorem of Gauss offers many advantages over Poisson’s equation in analyzing astronomical problems because mass, not density, is the key parameter.
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Cvetic, Mirjam; Nojiri, Shin'ichi; Odintsov, S.D.
2002-01-01
We investigate the charged Schwarzschild-anti-de Sitter (SAdS) BH thermodynamics in 5d Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with electromagnetic field. The Hawking-Page phase transitions between SAdS BH and pure AdS space are studied. The corresponding phase diagrams (with critical line defined by GB term coefficient and electric charge) are drawn. The possibility to account for higher derivative Maxwell terms is mentioned. In frames of proposed dS/CFT correspondence it is demonstrated that brane gravity maybe localized similarly to AdS/CFT. SdS BH thermodynamics in 5d Einstein and Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity is considered. The corresponding (complicated) surface counterterms are found and used to get the conserved BH mass, free energy and entropy. The interesting feature of higher derivative gravity is the possibility for negative (or zero) SdS (or SAdS) BH entropy which depends on the parameters of higher derivative terms. We speculate that the appearance of negative entropy may indicate a new type instability where a transition between SdS (SAdS) BH with negative entropy to SAdS (SdS) BH with positive entropy would occur
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Kästner, Ingrid
2005-01-01
In 1906, Dr. med. Georg Friedrich Nicolai, a young specialist in the field of electrocardiography from the university of Berlin, spent some months in the laboratory of Pavlov, where he was one of the first German visitors. Two letters written by Nicolai to Pavlov are a mirror of Nicolai's admiration for the brilliant Russian Nobel prize winner, but also of Nicolai's remarkable insight into the perspectives of Pavlov's physiological method for "objective" psychological investigations. Nicolai regarded himself a pupil of Pavlov until his death in South America, where he was forced to emigrate after World War I due to his pacifist activities.
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Natural Selection or Problem Solving. Critical Re-evaluation of Karl Popper's Evolutionism
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Boldachev Alexander
2014-09-01
Full Text Available Among the philosophers and the educated audience the name of Sir Karl Popper is usually associated with the critical method, evolutionary epistemology, falsification as a criterion for the demarcation of scientific knowledge, the concept of the third world and with his dislike to dialectics and contradictions. This article is aimed to show in what way all these things are connected in the evolutionary researches of the philosopher and the new conceptions, which he contributed to studying the mechanisms of evolution. Also there is an attempt to comprehend the evolutionary views of Popper, test them for falsification, relate his epistemology with his claims, which he puts forward to the theory of objective knowledge evolution and show the obvious contradiction between them.
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Karl Pearson and eugenics: personal opinions and scientific rigor.
Delzell, Darcie A P; Poliak, Cathy D
2013-09-01
The influence of personal opinions and biases on scientific conclusions is a threat to the advancement of knowledge. Expertise and experience does not render one immune to this temptation. In this work, one of the founding fathers of statistics, Karl Pearson, is used as an illustration of how even the most talented among us can produce misleading results when inferences are made without caution or reference to potential bias and other analysis limitations. A study performed by Pearson on British Jewish schoolchildren is examined in light of ethical and professional statistical practice. The methodology used and inferences made by Pearson and his coauthor are sometimes questionable and offer insight into how Pearson's support of eugenics and his own British nationalism could have potentially influenced his often careless and far-fetched inferences. A short background into Pearson's work and beliefs is provided, along with an in-depth examination of the authors' overall experimental design and statistical practices. In addition, portions of the study regarding intelligence and tuberculosis are discussed in more detail, along with historical reactions to their work.
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On the Gauss Map of Surfaces of Revolution with Lightlike Axis in Minkowski 3-Space
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Minghao Jin
2013-01-01
Full Text Available By studying the Gauss map G and Laplace operator Δh of the second fundamental form h, we will classify surfaces of revolution with a lightlike axis in 3-dimensional Minkowski space and also obtain the surface of Enneper of the 2nd kind, the surface of Enneper of the 3rd kind, the de Sitter pseudosphere, and the hyperbolic pseudosphere that satisfy condition ΔhG=ΛG, Λ being a 3×3 real matrix.
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Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database
Studničková, Milada
2006-01-01
Roč. 13, příl. (2006), s. 71-77 ISSN 1212-1487. [Schodištní cykly Velké věže hradu Karlštejna. Stav po restaurování. Praha, 05.05.2004-07.05.2004] Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z80330511 Keywords : Karlštejn * staircase of the Large tower * symbology of the staircase * St Wenceslas * Gothic painting Subject RIV: AL - Art, Architecture, Cultural Heritage
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Is there a relation between the 2D Causal Set action and the Lorentzian Gauss-Bonnet theorem?
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Benincasa, Dionigi M T, E-mail: db1808@ic.ac.uk [Theoretical Physics Group, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, Prince Consort Rd., London SW7 2AZ (United Kingdom)
2011-07-08
We investigate the relation between the two dimensional Causal Set action, S, and the Lorentzian Gauss-Bonnet theorem (LGBT). We give compelling reasons why the answer to the title's question is no. In support of this point of view we calculate the causal set inspired action of causal intervals in some two dimensional spacetimes: Minkowski, the flat cylinder and the flat trousers.
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Karl Marx dan Konsep Perjuangan Kelas Sosial
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Indriaty Ismail
2012-06-01
Full Text Available ¬¬This article explores the history of the renowned world economic and political reformist, Karl Marx with a special focus on the social class concept. It also discusses to what extent that the Marx’s concept of social class struggle is capable to provide a way out to the proletariats, to free themselves from the chains of cruelty, violence and alienation in the capitalist system. Our main focal point is to scrutinize the relationship between the concepts of social class struggle and the need for a social revolution as a catalyst for the formation of a classless society. Along the way, we studied and analyzed the documents produced on the primary sources covering major works of Marx and the secondary sources consisting reviews of the Marx’s class concept. As a result, we found out that Marx’s concept of class fight is competent to represent the oppressed group to battle for their freedom rights. The Proletariat dictatorship attitude was used as their main shield to face the threat of the capitalist class. Marx’s ultimate success is realized through a burst of ideas and beliefs that supports the ideas of egalitarian Communism although many contradictions arise between the ideas of Marx and the 20th centuries Communism when they are translated into practice.
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Newton-Gauss Algorithm of Robust Weighted Total Least Squares Model
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WANG Bin
2015-06-01
Full Text Available Based on the Newton-Gauss iterative algorithm of weighted total least squares (WTLS, a robust WTLS (RWTLS model is presented. The model utilizes the standardized residuals to construct the weight factor function and the square root of the variance component estimator with robustness is obtained by introducing the median method. Therefore, the robustness in both the observation and structure spaces can be simultaneously achieved. To obtain standardized residuals, the linearly approximate cofactor propagation law is employed to derive the expression of the cofactor matrix of WTLS residuals. The iterative calculation steps for RWTLS are also described. The experiment indicates that the model proposed in this paper exhibits satisfactory robustness for gross errors handling problem of WTLS, the obtained parameters have no significant difference with the results of WTLS without gross errors. Therefore, it is superior to the robust weighted total least squares model directly constructed with residuals.
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Iron line spectroscopy with Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet black holes
Nampalliwar, Sourabh; Bambi, Cosimo; Kokkotas, Kostas D.; Konoplya, Roman A.
2018-06-01
Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet gravity is a well-motivated alternative theory of gravity that emerges naturally from string theory. While black hole solutions have been known in this theory in numerical form for a while, an approximate analytical metric was obtained recently by some of us, which allows for faster and more detailed analysis. Here we test the accuracy of the analytical metric in the context of X-ray reflection spectroscopy. We analyze innermost stable circular orbits (ISCO) and relativistically broadened iron lines and find that both the ISCO and iron lines are determined sufficiently accurately up to the limit of the approximation. We also find that, though the ISCO increases by about 7% as dilaton coupling increases from zero to extremal values, the redshift at ISCO changes by less than 1%. Consequently, the shape of the iron line is much less sensitive to the dilaton charge than expected.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Iațeșen Loredana Viorica
2017-03-01
Full Text Available In the diverse space of contemporary music, the fascinating and controversial personality of the Welsh composer Karl Jenkins, which is surprising from several perspectives, stands out. Open to assimilating and processing music from various sources (academic, liturgical, folk, entertainment, oriental, exotic, the all-round musician Karl Jenkins impresses the public with unexpected artistic choices, giving up the hypostasis of instrumentalist of the jazz-rock band Nucleus and of the group Softmachine in favour of the postmodern creator he has become today, synthetizing trends from musical compositions of the last decades of the 20th century. Once with the return to the functional system, either through minimalism or through neo-romanticism, the artist has successfully covered a potential sonority path of modern opposites, also evoking references to creative models of the past. We are referring to the musical valorizing of the sacred in a synthetic vision between tradition and innovation, in the works included in the Adiemus cycle, in the opus choir Missa for Peace and, more particularly, in the Requiem (2005, a significant score in the contemporaneity. The manner in which the composer, while resorting to a musical genre originating from the Roman Catholic cult and drawing on the liturgical text of the Mass for the dead, inserted Japanese poetry, written following the structure of haiku, belonging to representative authors - Gozan Koshigaya, Issho Kosughi, Hokusai Katsushika, Kaga-no-Chiyo, is highly surprising. This study aims to highlight the interweaving imagined by Karl Jenkins between the two cultures as well as to conduct a semantic analysis of an opus in which the relationships between music and words entail a highly emotional response.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
FLORIN-GHEORGHE FODOREAN
2015-05-01
Full Text Available The historical cartography in the 19th century: Karl Spruner von Merz (1803-1892 and his Historisch - geographischer Hand-Atlas: Atlas antiquus. The historical atlases publish during the 19th century have changed the level of knowledge of the people regarding the ancient geographical space. The present study focuses on the activity of Karl Spruner von Merz (1803-1892, one of the most important cartographers of the 19th, close collaborator of the famous Justus Perthes’s publishing house in Germany. In 1855, the first section of the atlas edited by Karl Spruner was published: Historisch - geographischer Hand-Atlas: Atlas antiquus, Justus Perthes Verlag, Gotha, 1855. The first section of the atlas included only four pages of texts and commentaries. The atlas was published in three editions. The third one is entitled Spruner-Menke atlas antiquus. Karoli Spruneri opus. Tertio edidit, Theodorus Menke. Gothae: Sumtibus Justi Perthes, anno MDCCCLXV. Thirty-one maps were published. Many of the maps published in this atlas represent a mix of data gathered from ancient geographical sources. By comparing the information from these maps, one can establish the level of modern knowledge regarding the geographical space of the ancient regions of the world.
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Maximilien Brice
2011-01-01
4 August 2011 - Austrian Head of Protocol, Directorate General III, Federal Ministry of Science and Research I. Friedrich (3rd from left) in the LHC superconducting magnet test hall with M. Benedkit, C. Wulz and C. Fabjan.
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Il diritto nella concezione materialistica della storia
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
William Mazzaferro
2014-12-01
Full Text Available This essay represents an attempt, although not exhaustive, to clarify some theories and practices of law derived from the thougth of Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels and Vladimir Il’ič Ul’janov (Lenin. After a short summary of the “materialist conception of law” contained in some works of this authors, I will focus on some interpretations developed during the 1920s and the 1930s by some soviet (or filo-soviet jurists and by some intellectuals from the Frankfurt School. After that, I will consider some theories of the post-world war II era from the most various areas of study: the “militant legal activity”, the rethink of Frankfurt theories, the Capital-logic interpretation and the state capitalism theory.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ângela Maria Rubel Fanini
2010-01-01
Full Text Available Neste artigo, analisam-se seis capas de diferentes edições da obra Manifesto Comunista de Karl Marx e Friedrich Engels, verificando como o projeto gráfico representa o âmbito do trabalho e a luta dos trabalhadores, considerando-se que a obra elaborouse para o trabalhador instado a lutar. O universo do trabalho é representado articulado à luta; impessoalizado, com ênfase na produção e pessoalizado, destacando-se a figura do trabalhador ora ativo, ora passivo. As novas tecnologias de produção da era industrial, o espaço da rua e da família estão presentes.
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[A failed experiment - Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, Jürgen Habermas and the Max-Planck Society].
Leendertz, Ariane
2014-01-01
From 1970 to 1980 Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker headed the Max-Planck-lnstitut zur Erforschung der Lebensbedingungen der wissenschaftlich-technischen Welt (MPI for the study of the living conditions of the world of science and technology) in Starnberg, jointly with Jürgen Habermas since 1971. From the start, the Max Planck Society regarded the new institute as an experiment that might perhaps be aborted a few years later. This is exactly what happened. With the retirement of Weizsäcker, his section was closed and the whole institute was renamed. In 1981. Habermas resigned, and then the institute was closed. This paper focusses on some of the problem constellations within the institute that partly explain its development and eventual closure: its birth out of the idea of scientific policy advice, the debates within the Max Planck Society and the complex relationship between Weizsäcker and Jürgen Habermas.
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Fruits without labour: the implications of Friedrich Nietzsche's ideas for the caring professions.
Nolan, P W; Brown, B; Crawford, P
1998-08-01
Seldom is the work of philosophers invoked by health professionals when examining aspects of care from a philosophical perspective. Instead, students of health care, especially nurses, have been introduced to 'philosophies' which are often superficially examined and poorly understood. This practice fails to develop in students an appreciation of the work of philosophers or to acquire the art of critical thinking. The introduction of models and theories of nursing in the past three decades has alerted nurses to the importance of possessing critical skills in order to identify sound theory and implement good practice. This paper goes beyond mere philosophising and examines aspects of mental health care from the perspectives of one of nineteenth century Europe's most notable philosophers, Friedrich Nietzsche. It argues that understanding his work can enhance one's ability to reflect on nursing practice, as well as bringing a new dimension to how we analyse 'mental health' problems. His work provides many insights into how we can improve our understanding of the effect of mental illness and mental health care on the individual, and how we conceptualise the process of care. This paper provides an overview of his life's work, his impact on the history of ideas and develops some of the more provocative implications of his work for mental health care.
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Friedrich Albert Lange on neo-Kantianism, socialist Darwinism, and a psychology without a soul.
Teo, Thomas
2002-01-01
Friedrich Albert Lange was a German philosopher, political theorist, educator, and psychologist who outlined an objective psychology in the 1860s. This article shows how some of the most important worldviews of the nineteenth century (Kantianism, Marxism, and Darwinism) were combined creatively in his thought system. He was crucial in the development of neo-Kantianism and incorporated psycho-physiological research on sensation and perception in order to defend Kant's epistemological idealism. Based on a critique of phrenology and philosophical psychology of his time, Lange developed a program of a psychology without a soul. He suggested that only those phenomena that can be observed and controlled should be studied, that psychology should focus on actions and speech, and that for each psychological event the corresponding physical or physiological processes should be identified. Lange opposed introspection and subjective accounts and promoted experiments and statistics. He also promoted Darwinism for psychology while developing a socialist progressive-democratic reading of Darwin in his social theory. The implications of socialist Darwinism on Lange's conceptualization of race are discussed and his prominence in nineteenth century philosophy and psychology is summarized. Copyright 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Polyakhova, E. N.; Ovchinnikov, M. Yu.; Tikhonov, A. A.
2018-05-01
Short bibliographic review of several books on Astrodynamics written in Russian is outlined in frame of the scientific legacy of Friedrich Tsander (1887-1933). He was the outstanding soviet engineer, inventor and scientist who lived in Moscow in 1920s. Our review concerns only ten books edited and published in 2000-2017. We consider these books as the necessary honorable contribution to Tsander's memory to the 130-th Anniversary of his birthday. We outline several sections as follows: New translations to Russian, Textbooks and Educational Issues, Scientific Monograph on Astrodynamics, Electrodynamics and Magnetism in Space, Solar Sailing Dynamics.
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Bayesian model comparison using Gauss approximation on multicomponent mass spectra from CH4 plasma
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Kang, H.D.; Dose, V.
2004-01-01
We performed Bayesian model comparison on mass spectra from CH4 rf process plasmas to detect radicals produced in the plasma. The key ingredient for its implementation is the high-dimensional evidence integral. We apply Gauss approximation to evaluate the evidence. The results were compared with those calculated by the thermodynamic integration method using Markov Chain Monte Carlo technique. In spite of very large difference in the computation time between two methods a very good agreement was obtained. Alternatively, a Monte Carlo integration method based on the approximated Gaussian posterior density is presented. Its applicability to the problem of mass spectrometry is discussed
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Karl Popper: La explicación en la disciplina histórica
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Holbein Giraldo-Paredes
2013-01-01
Full Text Available En el siguiente artículo se revisan los argumentos enunciados en la obra La miseria del historicismo, en la cual Karl Popper realiza una crítica a la concepción historicista emanada de la filosofía de autores como Platón, Hegel y Marx. Crítica que realiza aludiendo a argumentos de orden epistemológico, para demostrar que el modelo nomológico deductivo de la explicación no aplica a la disciplina histórica, y en este sentido negando una de las tesis más fuertes que él había defendido toda su vida: la del monismo metodológico o unificacionismo metodológico de la ciencia, heredada del positivismo lógico.
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Hermeneutic and Teleology in Ethics across Denominations—Thomas Aquinas and Karl Barth
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Jacqueline Stewart
2017-09-01
Full Text Available This study arises from the context of current debates in the Catholic Church on the place of rule and law in moral reasoning. I suggest that ethics may be best served by approaches that place the human subject in a teleogical context and that recognise the need for interpretation of circumstances surrounding actions to be evaluated. This is in contrast to normative rule approaches. The insights retrieved from the account of moral reasoning in Thomas Aquinas by Joseph Selling are compared with an account of the ethical implications of Karl Barth’s theology of hope as expressed in Volume Four of the Church Dogmatics. It is concluded that, in an ecumenical convergence, neither propose a normative rule approach. Rather both use a teleological context and require a hermeneutic of evaluation.
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Miskovic, Olivera; Olea, Rodrigo
2011-01-01
Motivated by possible applications within the framework of anti-de Sitter gravity/conformal field theory correspondence, charged black holes with AdS asymptotics, which are solutions to Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity in D dimensions, and whose electric field is described by nonlinear electrodynamics are studied. For a topological static black hole ansatz, the field equations are exactly solved in terms of the electromagnetic stress tensor for an arbitrary nonlinear electrodynamic Lagrangian in any dimension D and for arbitrary positive values of Gauss-Bonnet coupling. In particular, this procedure reproduces the black hole metric in Born-Infeld and conformally invariant electrodynamics previously found in the literature. Altogether, it extends to D>4 the four-dimensional solution obtained by Soleng in logarithmic electrodynamics, which comes from vacuum polarization effects. Falloff conditions for the electromagnetic field that ensure the finiteness of the electric charge are also discussed. The black hole mass and vacuum energy as conserved quantities associated to an asymptotic timelike Killing vector are computed using a background-independent regularization of the gravitational action based on the addition of counterterms which are a given polynomial in the intrinsic and extrinsic curvatures.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Luiza Venzke Bortoli
2015-09-01
Full Text Available Karl Mannheim foi um filósofo que buscou entender a Sociologia do Conhecimento de forma mais ampla: como uma filosofia ‘atemporal’, a qual pode tratar adequadamente os problemas que surgem da situação intelectual presente. Visto a contribuição teórica e metodológica desse estudioso, este artigo visa analisar o surgimento da Sociologia do Conhecimento de Karl Mannheim e a sua repercussão no Brasil. Para tanto, foi realizado um levantamento do panorama dos estudos na área de Administração, em artigos de 14 periódicos e 9 eventos, a fim de verificar o que vem sendo abordado sobre esse autor no Brasil, bem como identificar estudos e teorias que tem como base essa teoria sociológica. A análise mostra que, apesar de algumas restrições, é significativa a recepção da Sociologia do Conhecimento na sociologia brasileira, tendo impacto no conhecimento sobre a realidade social brasileira. Entretanto, os estudos de Administração no Brasil carecem de embasamento teórico de Karl Mannheim. Esse autor tem influência no conceito de geração, disseminação de cultura, análise de significação, colonialismo e na relação de conhecimento e existencialismo, embora, muitas vezes, sua contribuição teórica nos estudos relativos a esses temas seja negligenciada. Palavras-Chave Sociologia do Conhecimento; Karl Mannheim; Presença no Brasil. THE REPERCUSSION OF KARL MANNHEIM’S SOCIOLOGY OF KNOWLEDGE IN BRAZIL: AN ANALYSIS OF THE AUTHOR’S PRESENCE IN THE COUNTRY AND ON THE STUDIES OF BUSINESS ABSTRACT Karl Mannheim was a philosopher who aimed to understand the sociology of knowledge as a ‘timeless’ philosophy, which can properly handle the problems that arise from the current intellectual situation. This study aims to analyze the emergence of Karl Mannheim's Sociology of Knowledge and its impact on Brazil. We carried out a survey in order to verify what has been made about this author in Brazil and to identify studies
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Karl Poggensee - A widely unknown German rocket pioneer - The early years 1930-1934 - A chronology
Rohrwild, Karlheinz
2017-09-01
The rediscovered estate of Karl Poggensee allows to reproduce chronologically his rocket tests of the period 1930-1934 almost completely for the first time. Thrilled by the movie ;The Woman in the Moon; for the idea of space travel, he started as a student of Hinderburg-Polytechnikum (IAO), Oldenburg, to build his first solid-fuel rocket, producing his own propellant charges. Being a coming electrical engineer his main goal was not set up new record heights, but to provide his rockets with automatic measuring instruments, camera and parachute release systems. The optimization of this sequence was his main focus.
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Lorence, L.J. Jr.; Martin, W.R.; Luskin, M.
1985-01-01
We prove the convergence of a finite element discretization of the neutron transport equation. The iterative solution of the resulting linear system by a block Gauss-Seidel method is also analyzed. This procedure is shown to require less storage than the direct solution by Gaussian elimination, and an estimate for the rate of convergence is used to show that fewer arithmetic operations are required
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Dilaton field released under collision of dilatonic black holes with Gauss-Bonnet term
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Gwak, Bogeun [Sejong University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Ro, Daeho [POSTECH, Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics, Pohang, Gyeongbuk (Korea, Republic of)
2017-08-15
We investigate the upper limit of the gravitational radiation released upon the collision of two dilatonic black holes by analyzing the Gauss-Bonnet term. Dilatonic black holes have a dilaton hair coupled with this term. Using the laws of thermodynamics, the upper limit of the radiation is obtained, which reflected the effects of the dilaton hair. The amount of radiation released is greater than that emitted by a Schwarzschild black hole due to the contribution from the dilaton hair. In the collision, most of the dilaton hair can be released through radiation, where the energy radiated by the dilaton hair is maximized when the horizon of one black hole is minimized for a fixed second black hole. (orig.)
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Coarse-to-fine markerless gait analysis based on PCA and Gauss-Laguerre decomposition
Goffredo, Michela; Schmid, Maurizio; Conforto, Silvia; Carli, Marco; Neri, Alessandro; D'Alessio, Tommaso
2005-04-01
Human movement analysis is generally performed through the utilization of marker-based systems, which allow reconstructing, with high levels of accuracy, the trajectories of markers allocated on specific points of the human body. Marker based systems, however, show some drawbacks that can be overcome by the use of video systems applying markerless techniques. In this paper, a specifically designed computer vision technique for the detection and tracking of relevant body points is presented. It is based on the Gauss-Laguerre Decomposition, and a Principal Component Analysis Technique (PCA) is used to circumscribe the region of interest. Results obtained on both synthetic and experimental tests provide significant reduction of the computational costs, with no significant reduction of the tracking accuracy.
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New perspective for black hole thermodynamics in Gauss-Bonnet-Born-Infeld massive gravity
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Hendi, Seyed Hossein; Li, Gu-Qiang; Mo, Jie-Xiong; Panahiyan, Shahram; Panah, Behzad Eslam
2016-01-01
Following an earlier study regarding Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet-massive black holes in the presence of a Born-Infeld nonlinear electromagnetic field (Hendi, arXiv:1510.00108, 2016), we study thermodynamical structure and critical behavior of these black holes through various methods in this paper. Geometrical thermodynamics is employed to give a picture regarding the phase transition of these black holes. Next, a new method is used to derive critical pressure and radius of the horizon of these black holes. In addition, Maxwell equal area law is employed to study the Van der Waals like behavior of these black holes. Moreover, the critical exponents are calculated and by using Ehrenfest equations, the type of phase transition is determined. (orig.)
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New perspective for black hole thermodynamics in Gauss-Bonnet-Born-Infeld massive gravity
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Hendi, Seyed Hossein [Shiraz University, Physics Department and Biruni Observatory, College of Sciences, Shiraz (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Research Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics of Maragha (RIAAM),Maragha (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Li, Gu-Qiang; Mo, Jie-Xiong [Lingnan Normal University, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Zhanjiang, Guangdong (China); Panahiyan, Shahram [Shiraz University, Physics Department and Biruni Observatory, College of Sciences, Shiraz (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Shahid Beheshti University, Physics Department, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Panah, Behzad Eslam [Shiraz University, Physics Department and Biruni Observatory, College of Sciences, Shiraz (Iran, Islamic Republic of)
2016-10-15
Following an earlier study regarding Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet-massive black holes in the presence of a Born-Infeld nonlinear electromagnetic field (Hendi, arXiv:1510.00108, 2016), we study thermodynamical structure and critical behavior of these black holes through various methods in this paper. Geometrical thermodynamics is employed to give a picture regarding the phase transition of these black holes. Next, a new method is used to derive critical pressure and radius of the horizon of these black holes. In addition, Maxwell equal area law is employed to study the Van der Waals like behavior of these black holes. Moreover, the critical exponents are calculated and by using Ehrenfest equations, the type of phase transition is determined. (orig.)
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2014-01-01
The physicist Friedrich Houtermans (1903-1966) was an important promoter and proponent of the development of physics in Berne. He introduced a number of activities in the field of elementary particles, with a special focus on the physics of cosmic rays, and made important contributions in applied physics. This biography of Houtermans was written by Edoardo Amaldi and was almost finished just before his unexpected death in 1989. The editors have only corrected typographical errors and introduced minimal text changes in order to preserve the original content. Additionally they have collected and included previously unpublished pictures and memories from Houtermans’ students and collaborators. The text is the result of a thorough and intensive study of Houtermans’ life and character carried out by Edoardo Amaldi. It is more than a biography, since the figure of Houtermans is set in a historical period in Europe between the two world wars. This book will be of great i...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Roberta Salvatore
2017-12-01
Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that Boris Pasternak’s poem The Starry River of a Week Ago (1917 is a description of the creation process and a reflection on the nature of this process. To support this view, attention will be drawn to some significant sets of images and themes in this text that are found also in a group of five poems by Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock, in which ice-skating functions as a metaphor of creation. These poems will give rise to a specific tradition within German poetry where ice-skating is symbolic of both the rapture and the risk of inspiration. In the last part of the paper it will be shown that, although there is no evidence of Pasternak’s acquaintance with Klopstock’s poetry, his thorough knowledge of German language and literature leaves little doubt about this acquaintance. Moreover, it is possible to find a number of affinities in the way of thinking of these two writers.
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Mediaciones para un método de teología pastoral, a partir de la teología práctica de Karl Rahner
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Alex Vigueras Cherres
2012-01-01
Full Text Available A partir de una comprensión de la teología práctica de Karl Rahner como una teología pastoral en perspectiva escatológica, y teniendo como plano de fondo el problema del carácter teológico del análisis de la situación presente, presentamos algunas posibles mediaciones para un método de teología pastoral, a saber, mirar el futuro desde la "futuridad del presente", conocer desde los otros, la narratividad, la corporeidad y la "indiferencia".Based on understanding of Karl Rahner's practical theology as a pastoral theology in an eschatological perspective, and having as a background the theological problem of analyzing the present situation, we present some possible mediations for a pastoral theology method, namely, looking at the future from a "futurity of the present," knowing from others, narrative, corporeality and "indifference."
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Karl Andrée (1880-1959) sedimentologist and marine geologist
Dullo, Wolf-Christian; Pfaffl, Fritz A.
2017-09-01
Karl Andrée began studying questions of sedimentology and oceanography in 1908 when working as an assistant at the University of Marburg and he remained faithful to these subjects until his death in 1959. The vast majority of his scientific contributions, however, were published during his time at the University of Königsberg (1915-1945). There he published his fundamental papers on marine geology, all of which adhered strictly to the principles of uniformitarianism, and helped improve our understanding of sedimentary processes and the stratigraphic record. His scientific work has enormous breadth. In the course of 55 years, he published 124 individual papers and books, some of which became classic textbooks. His versatility is particularly evident in his book "Geology of the Seafloor", which contains many pertinent observations and descriptions still relevant today, even if it has fallen out of fashion. This scientist and university teacher was the first to successfully present the huge field of marine geology in all its facet and to consider the deposition of marine sediments as a function of their geographical distribution.
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Analysis of the iteratively regularized Gauss-Newton method under a heuristic rule
Jin, Qinian; Wang, Wei
2018-03-01
The iteratively regularized Gauss-Newton method is one of the most prominent regularization methods for solving nonlinear ill-posed inverse problems when the data is corrupted by noise. In order to produce a useful approximate solution, this iterative method should be terminated properly. The existing a priori and a posteriori stopping rules require accurate information on the noise level, which may not be available or reliable in practical applications. In this paper we propose a heuristic selection rule for this regularization method, which requires no information on the noise level. By imposing certain conditions on the noise, we derive a posteriori error estimates on the approximate solutions under various source conditions. Furthermore, we establish a convergence result without using any source condition. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the performance of our heuristic selection rule.
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Bessel-Gauss resonator with spherical output mirror: geometrical- and wave-optics analysis.
Gutiérrez-Vega, Julio C; Rodríguez-Masegosa, Rodolfo; Chávez-Cerda, Sabino
2003-11-01
A detailed study of the axicon-based Bessel-Gauss resonator with concave output coupler is presented. We employ a technique to convert the Huygens-Fresnel integral self-consistency equation into a matrix equation and then find the eigenvalues and the eigenfields of the resonator at one time. A paraxial ray analysis is performed to find the self-consistency condition to have stable periodic ray trajectories after one or two round trips. The fast-Fourier-transform-based Fox and Li algorithm is applied to describe the three-dimensional intracavity field distribution. Special attention was directed to the dependence of the output transverse profiles, the losses, and the modal-frequency changes on the curvature of the output coupler and the cavity length. The propagation of the output beam is discussed.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Spartaco Pupo
2016-07-01
Full Text Available The correspondence of 1948 between Karl Popper and Michael Oakeshott, translated for the first time in Italian and published in the appendix to this paper, demonstrates the existence of two different ways of thinking about politics: the rationalist approach, founded on the “argumentation” as a rational means for the non-violent solution of problems (Popper, and the traditionalist mode, inspired by the method of “conversation” as a guarantee of constant openness to the diversity of identities (Oakeshott. To rise from the letters is a mutual influence on the interpretation of the key concepts that characterize the thought of the two authors, which however does not cancel the fundamental divergence of their political orientation.
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Watanabe, Shuichi; Kudo, Hiroyuki; Saito, Tsuneo
1993-01-01
In this paper, we propose a new reconstruction algorithm based on MAP (maximum a posteriori probability) estimation principle for emission tomography. To improve noise suppression properties of the conventional ML-EM (maximum likelihood expectation maximization) algorithm, direct three-dimensional reconstruction that utilizes intensity correlations between adjacent transaxial slices is introduced. Moreover, to avoid oversmoothing of edges, a priori knowledge of RI (radioisotope) distribution is represented by using a doubly-stochastic image model called the compound Gauss-Markov random field. The a posteriori probability is maximized by using the iterative GEM (generalized EM) algorithm. Computer simulation results are shown to demonstrate validity of the proposed algorithm. (author)
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Dynamical analysis for a scalar-tensor model with Gauss-Bonnet and non-minimal couplings
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Granda, L.N.; Jimenez, D.F. [Universidad del Valle, Departamento de Fisica, Cali (Colombia)
2017-10-15
We study the autonomous system for a scalar-tensor model of dark energy with Gauss-Bonnet and non-minimal couplings. The critical points describe important stable asymptotic scenarios including quintessence, phantom and de Sitter attractor solutions. Two functional forms for the coupling functions and the scalar potential are considered: power-law and exponential functions of the scalar field. For the exponential functions the existence of stable quintessence, phantom or de Sitter solutions, allows for an asymptotic behavior where the effective Newtonian coupling becomes constant. The phantom solutions could be realized without appealing to ghost degrees of freedom. Transient inflationary and radiation-dominated phases can also be described. (orig.)
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Karl Barth’s male-female order: A kingpin of dogmatic disparity
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Yolanda Dreyer
2007-05-01
Full Text Available Karl Barth’s gender perspective is often analysed with reference to his so-called “theoethics” or “creational theology”. This perspective perpetuates an asymmetry in gender relations that was prevalent in Biblical times, throughout Christianity and to some extent still is visible today. He based his view on the subordination of women on an exegesis of Genesis 1:27 as “intertext” of Ephesians 5:22-23. Barth’s asymmetrical gender perspective is a product of his embedment in Western Christian tradition which in turn, is rooted in early Christian patriarchal theology. The aim of this article is to focus on Barth’s ontological reframing of the traditional understanding of the Biblical notion of human beings as created in the “image of God”. The article consists of four sections: (a Luther’s and Calvin’s gender perspectives; (b the Enlightenment failure to achieve emancipation; (c gender disparity in Reformed theology; and (d a feminist alternative.
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Sir Peter Medawar: science, creativity and the popularization of Karl Popper
Calver, Neil
2013-01-01
Sir Peter Medawar was respected by scientists and literati alike. It was perhaps not surprising, then, that he would choose to involve himself in the ‘two cultures’ debate of 1959 and beyond. The focus of his intervention was the philosophy of Sir Karl Popper. However, Medawar's Popper was not the guru of falsification familiar from philosophy textbooks. Medawar's distinctive interpretation of Popper treated him instead as the source of insights into the role of creativity and imagination in scientific inquiry. This paper traces the context for Medawar's adoption of Popperian philosophy, together with its application before the debate. It then examines, within the context of the debate itself, the way in which Medawar attempted to reconcile scientific inquiry with literary practice. Medawar became increasingly convinced that not only was induction epistemologically unsound, but it was also damaging to the public role of the scientist. His construction of Popperianism would, he envisaged, provide a worthy alternative for scientists’ self-image.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Rebok, Sandra
2009-02-01
Full Text Available This essay attempts to analyze the anthropological and ethnographical studies realized by the German traveller and scientist Karl von den Steinen at the end of the 19th century in the region of the river Xingu in Central Brazil. First a short overview will be given of both expeditions directed by him and their scientific concerns. Then the ideological and thematical orientation of the americanism of this epoch will be contrasted with the research undertaken by Karl von den Steinen in Brazil, in order to illustrate the ways in which he worked in the tradition of his time and in which aspects he departed from this framework and effected innovations in his research. After this analysis of the contributions of Karl von den Steinen to the development of German americanism, this article focuses on the question of, to which point his studies are still relevant today and if his methodology and its results continue to be valid in our time. Finally, the relationship of his ideological orientation with those of his predecessors and his successors will be thematized in order to explore Karl von den Steinen’s influences and whom he, in turn, influenced.Este artículo analiza los estudios antropológicos llevados a cabo por el viajero y científico alemán Karl von den Steinen a finales del siglo XIX en la región del río Xingú en Brasil Central. En primer lugar se ofrece una breve introducción sobre las dos expediciones por él dirigidas así como sobre los intereses científicos que las motivaron. A continuación se contrapone la orientación ideológica y temática del americanismo de la época con la investigación de Karl von den Steinen en Brasil, con objeto de ver en qué sentido ha trabajado siguiendo las pautas metodológicas habituales de su época y en qué aspectos ha abandonado ese marco tradicional a fin de desarrollar innovaciones en la investigación. Tras este análisis de la contribución de von den Steinen al desarrollo del
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Falsifications and corroborations: Karl Popper's influence on systematics.
Helfenbein, Kevin G; DeSalle, Rob
2005-04-01
Over the last three decades, the philosophy of Karl Raimund Popper has had a strong influence on the field of systematic biology. Unequivocally, no other philosopher's work has had such an influence during this formative period in systematics. Much, but not all, of the early discourse on Popper and systematics dealt with the philosophical basis of systematics as a science. More recently Popper's work has been discussed in the systematics literature in relation to specific methodologies such as parsimony and maximum likelihood. In this paper, we provide the reader with a concise summary of Popper's ideas relevant to systematics, review the systematic literature invoking or declining Popper's importance to the field, and make a recommendation for the future course of philosophical thinking in systematics. We try to make clear various authors' interpretations of Popper's work and how those interpretations have impacted systematic thought. Although the reader may come away from this review with a clearer idea of Popper's relevance or lack thereof, our primary hope is that the reader will be compelled to question him- or herself about the philosophical basis of the systematic work that he or she does, and to delve into the literature herein cited. We begin by presenting a synopsis of Popper's philosophical views to allow those views to be placed in the context of systematics.
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“World domination or ruin”. Friedrich von Bernhardi and German militarism before World War I
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Mihael Antolović
2016-02-01
Full Text Available The paper analyzes the role of militarism in the political life of Germany before WWI. By pointing out the roe of militarism in the political life of Germany at the start of the 20th century, the paper puts an emphasis on the writing of Friedrich von Bernhardi titled Germany and the next war, published in 1912. Bernhardi sought to prove the inevitability of “preemptive war” and territorial annexations in order to provide for the economic and political interests of Germany as a global force. Bernhardi legitimized his opinion by calling on social-Darwinist arguments as well as the tradition of German idealist philosophy, and claiming that war is the only means by which it is possible to sustain German culture as the highest form of “German spirit” and its most valuable contribution to humanity. Considering the high rank which Bernhardi held as a general in the German military, as well as how his attitudes fell in with German foreign policy of the period, Bernhardi’s writing represents, in a condensed fashion, an expression of militaristic ideas present in German society before WWI.
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Tavčar, Eva; Turk, Erika; Kreft, Samo
2012-01-01
The most commonly used technique for water content determination is Karl-Fischer titration with electrometric detection, requiring specialized equipment. When appropriate equipment is not available, the method can be performed through visual detection of a titration endpoint, which does not enable an analysis of colored samples. Here, we developed a method with spectrophotometric detection of a titration endpoint, appropriate for moisture determination of colored samples. The reaction takes place in a sealed 4 ml cuvette. Detection is performed at 520 nm. Titration endpoint is determined from the graph of absorbance plotted against titration volume. The method has appropriate reproducibility (RSD = 4.3%), accuracy, and linearity (R(2) = 0.997).
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Guseva, E.V.; Peregudov, V.N.
1982-01-01
The FITGAV program for calculation of parameters of the Gauss curve describing experimental data is considered. The calculations are based on the least square fit method. The estimations of errors in the parameter determination as a function of experimental data sample volume and their statistical significance are obtained. The curve fit using 100 points occupies less than 1 s at the SM-4 type computer
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
H. C. F. Mansilla
2008-06-01
Full Text Available La crítica racionalista de los fenómenos religiosos se originó en la Antigüedad clásica y posteriormente en la Ilustración y fue continuada hasta el postmodernismo actual. Decisivos han sido los aportes de Ludwig Feuerbach, Karl Marx, Sigmund Freud y Friedrich Nietzsche. Estos análisis de la religión, centrados en el desilusionamiento sistemático, son reconstruidos someramente y sometidos a crítica. El artículo plantea la necesidad de una religiosidad intelectual, pero se distancia del primer protestantismo (Martín Lutero y de sus consecuencias socio-políticas. Se postula la continuada necesidad de un primer principio que dé sentido a todos los otros fenómenos y que evite el relativismo total.
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“DET UFERDIGES KRAFT” SOM LITTERÆR VERDI HOS KNUT HAMSUN OG KARL OVE KNAUSGÅRD
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Sissel Furuseth
2016-04-01
Full Text Available In the essay “Sjelens Amerika” [“The America of the Soul”], Karl Ove Knausgård claims that the reason why we still perceive Knut Hamsun’s novels as fresh and present is because they display our own modern world in its very creation, at a time when it was full of “the power of the unfinished” and not yet stiffened in accomplished systems. In this article, I argue that the idea of “the power of the unfinished” is an aesthetic category describing the core of a poetics common to Knausgård and Hamsun.
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Study of the magnetic spectrograph BIG KARL on image errors and their causes
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Paul, D.
1987-12-01
The ionoptical aberrations of the QQDDQ spectrograph BIG KARL are measured and analyzed in order to improve resolution and transmission at large acceptance. The entrance phasespace is scanned in a cartesian grid by means of a narrow collimated beam of scattered deuterons. The distortions due to the nonlinear transformation by the system are measured in the detector plane. A model is developed which describes the measured distortions. The model allows to locate nonlinearities in the system responsible for the observed distortions. It gives a good understanding of geometrical nonlinearities up to the fifth order and chromatical nonlinearities up to the third order. To confirm the model, the magnetic field in the quadrupoles is measured including the fringe field region. Furthermore, nonlinearities appearing in ideal magnets are discussed and compared to experimental data. (orig.) [de
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
María Teresa Gargiulo de Vázquez
2015-05-01
Full Text Available The Paul Karl Feyerabend’s doctrine of theoretical proliferation has been interpreted by his experts as an attempt to preserve the ideal of scientific progress. This hermeneutics describes, in part, the intention of our philosopher. However, this reading does not explain the fundamental criticism that theoretical pluralism supposes for Feyerabend. The theoretical proliferation is itself a reductio ad absurdum of the attempts of logical positivism and critical rationalism to define science at the expense of the metaphysical. This article presents the theoretical proliferation as a vindication of the positive role that the metaphysical plays in scientific practice. We expose the Feyerabend’s defense of metaphysics inasmuch as it is constitute the possibility to overcome the conceptual conservatism, to increase empirical content of science and to recover the descriptive value of scientific theories.
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La tiranía de Gauss. Prejuicios y perjuicios de la normalidad en las ciencias sociales
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Alfonso Vázquez Atochero
2012-11-01
Full Text Available Despite the rise of the social sciences in the last two centuries, we can not understand the advancement of humanistic studies if not through mathematics. The dichotomous excuse “science am / am of letters” has no place in the world of research. However humanist who is our domain, we can not ignore that mathematics is the code that describes the universe. Human behaviors are not case apart. In this article we will analyze the weight of normal, actually collected by Gauss and his famous curve of normal distribution or bell curve.
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Crisis y dignidad: un paseo con Karl Kraus por la plaza Tahrir
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Alex Escamilla Imparato
2012-03-01
Full Text Available Los últimos acontecimientos revolucionarios surgidos en el mundo árabe, así como los movimientos sociales de indignación frente a los abusos de poder del mercado y la degradación de la vida democrática, están promoviendo nuevas formas distribuidas y horizontales de resistencia y actuación política en defensa de lo común, mediante un uso comprometido y libertario de las mismas herramientas tecnológicas que han servido para globalizar la economía nanciera y reducir lo político a una gestión técnica del poder. En el texto se pretende recuperar la mirada crítica de Karl Kraus, entendiendo que sus diagnósticos y sus profecías -también su sátira- pueden servirnos ahora para desactivar un poder absolutamente privatizado y en crisis.
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GigaGauss solenoidal magnetic field inside bubbles excited in under-dense plasma
Lécz, Zs.; Konoplev, I. V.; Seryi, A.; Andreev, A.
2016-10-01
This paper proposes a novel and effective method for generating GigaGauss level, solenoidal quasi-static magnetic fields in under-dense plasma using screw-shaped high intensity laser pulses. This method produces large solenoidal fields that move with the driving laser pulse and are collinear with the accelerated electrons. This is in contrast with already known techniques which rely on interactions with over-dense or solid targets and generates radial or toroidal magnetic field localized at the stationary target. The solenoidal field is quasi-stationary in the reference frame of the laser pulse and can be used for guiding electron beams. It can also provide synchrotron radiation beam emittance cooling for laser-plasma accelerated electron and positron beams, opening up novel opportunities for designs of the light sources, free electron lasers, and high energy colliders based on laser plasma acceleration.
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A teoria da interpretação jurídica de Hans Kelsen: uma crítica a partir da obra de Friedrich Müller
Nestor Castilho Gomes; Sérgio Urquhart de Cademartori
2008-01-01
O artigo analisa a teoria da interpretaçãojurídica de Hans Kelsen, apresentada na TeoriaPura do Direito, a partir da posição teóricade Friedrich Müller, isto é, a partir das críticasformuladas pela Teoria Estruturante do Direito.Demonstrar-se-á como a distinção entre ser edever-ser, traço fundamental do projetoepistemológico kelseniano, influenciou a teoriada interpretação por ele proposta. Outrossim, opresente trabalho expõe em detalhes a teoria dainterpretação jurídica de Kelsen para, poste...
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FILSAFAT ILMU KARL R. POPPER DAN THOMAS S. KUHN SERTA IMPLIKASINYA DALAM PENGAJARAN ILMU
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Slamet Subekti
2016-04-01
Full Text Available This article discusses about philosophy of science according to Karl R. Popper and Thomas S. Kuhn. There are similarities and differences between their views about how progress and what function of science.Apparently both Popper and Kuhn agree that science does not proceed by induction. However Kuhn disagrees with the view that science progresses by falsifiability through conjectures and refutations, but occurance by paradigm shift. Popper and Kuhn’s disagreement amounted to a distinction between two functions within the practice of science, one of criticism (Popper and one of puzzle solving (Kuhn.Science education implies the teaching and learning of science interesting and fruitful in one hand, and teachers should be role models to students in the other hand
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Yao, Hainan; Wang, Fei; Cai, Yangjian
2018-01-01
Two-index Bessel beams (TIBBs) was introduced by Ornigotti and Aiello (2014) theoretically. In this paper, we propose a simple experimental scheme for generation of two-index Bessel-Gauss beams (TIBGBs), as an extension of the TIBBs. The scheme is based on manipulating the amplitude and phase in the Fourier plane with the use of a spatial light modulator and a spiral phase plate. Furthermore, we experimentally report the generation of the several examples of the TIBGBs based on the proposed optical system. The focusing properties of the TIBGB with indices p = 1 and l = 2 passing through a single lens are investigated both theoretically and experimentally. The experimental results agree well with theoretical predictions.
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Tavčar, Eva; Turk, Erika; Kreft, Samo
2012-01-01
The most commonly used technique for water content determination is Karl-Fischer titration with electrometric detection, requiring specialized equipment. When appropriate equipment is not available, the method can be performed through visual detection of a titration endpoint, which does not enable an analysis of colored samples. Here, we developed a method with spectrophotometric detection of a titration endpoint, appropriate for moisture determination of colored samples. The reaction takes place in a sealed 4 ml cuvette. Detection is performed at 520 nm. Titration endpoint is determined from the graph of absorbance plotted against titration volume. The method has appropriate reproducibility (RSD = 4.3%), accuracy, and linearity (R 2 = 0.997). PMID:22567558