Overview of religions.

Science.gov (United States)

Brooks, Nicky

2004-01-01

This article provides a brief overview of 9 religions: Christianity, Judaism, Jehovah's Witnesses, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, Christian Science, Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism, and Buddhism. Basic information on the origins, language, naming practices, diet, personal hygiene, and dress requirements is provided. For additional information, Web sites for each of these religions are also provided.

Confessional Peculiarity of Chinese Islam

Science.gov (United States)

Mukan, Nurzat M.; Bulekbayev, Sagadi B.; Kurmanaliyeva, Ainura D.; Abzhalov, Sultanmurat U.; Meirbayev, Bekzhan B.

2016-01-01

This paper considers features of Islam among Muslim peoples in China. Along with the traditional religions of China--Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism--Islam influenced noticeable impact on the formation of Chinese civilization. The followers of Islam have a significant impact on ethno-religious, political, economic and cultural relations of the…

Reflection of Confucianism, Hinduism, and Buddhism on gender relations and gender specific occupation in Thai society.

Science.gov (United States)

Shrestha, M; Weber, K E

1994-01-01

It is posited that present-day Thai society is the product of different settlement patterns among Chinese Confucian followers and those ascribing to matrilocal practices. Chinese settled in urban areas and maintained Confucian dogma that barred women from high ranking positions and dictated a women's role of subservience to men. Matrilocal systems proliferated in rural areas. The village kinship system was egalitarian, until a class-state society was instituted and patriarchal systems dominated. At that time, women's status was reduced. Massive Chinese immigration occurred during the mid-19th century until World War II. Some Indians also migrated during this time period. The dominant use of the Thai language forced the Chinese to assimilate into Thai culture. Thai Buddhist practices were open and similar enough to Confucian ideology that religious assimilation also occurred. A small group of Chinese immigrants retained their ties to Chinese customs. The pattern of foreigners' involvement in the Thai economy was promoted by official policy. In the last several decades Thai policy shifted to an increasingly Thai-influenced economy. Other influences on gender patterns and Thai culture were the Hinduism of Indians who settled in Central Siam, the Mon aristocracy, and Brahmin cults. After the Khmers took over control of this region, the Indian caste system and the Hindu belief in Manu were integrated into Khmer culture. Women were considered the weaker and inferior sex and dependent upon men. The kings of Siam followed Brahmin rituals after the 15th century. Buddhism and the "sangha" became the central Thai religious institution. Even today Buddhist monks are given 3 months time off with pay for time spent as a monk, while maternity leave for women is limited to 45 days. The status of women is traced during the Sukothai period (1250-1350), the Ayudhaya period (1350-1767), and the Ratanakosin period (since 1782). Present occupational patterns reflect women's dominance in

AKULTURASI ISLAM DENGAN BUDAYA LOKAL

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Agus Sriyanto

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Nowadays, especially in Java, it is difficult to flnd pure and original actualization of Islam. This condition is influenced by the Javanese and Hinduism traditions which had been tightly held by the society before the arrival of Islam. These traditions really influence the spread of Islam. Da’wa cultural approaches which were applied by Da ’i greatly influences the existence of Islam at this time. Without dismissing or changing the social culture, Islamic values are inserted to them and people can easily accept Islam. However, there is a negative effect of this model, which causes the occurrence of sincretism between a religion, in this case, Islam and local culture.

Operational Ethics in Coalition Warfare: Whose Ethics Will Prevail? A Philosophical/Theological Conundrum

Science.gov (United States)

2002-05-13

34choices freely made and the rational principle employed." 25 There are three "fathers" of Utilitarianism , Jeremy Bentham, James Mill , and his son John ... Stuart Mill who refined and expanded upon his father’s work. This ethical position states that the...Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, and the indigenous religions of Africa; Western and Eastern philosophers, Aristotle, Mill , Confucius, Storer, and Rand to

Application of Technology Transfer Process Model for Thailand.

Science.gov (United States)

1980-03-01

22 world prices of major commodities, particularly food items and raw materials since 1972 and the increase of crude oil prices. These influences...Islam 3. Christianity 4. Hinduism S. Sikhism Doctrines 1. Confucianism 2. Taoism 3. Shintoism 4. Animism 5. Others "Buddhism, especially Theravada...educational facilities, health, social welfare, food and nutrition, to the rural and remote areas will contribute to achieving the objective of better income

Worship one in Islam and Sikhism Searching & Review According to Islam

OpenAIRE

Alimardi, M

2012-01-01

  In this summary, there is an effort to explain the concept of worship one and oneness in Islam and Sikhism. Sikhism is the youngest of the world religions and the doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in the Punjab area of India in the fifteenth century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam. A Sikh believes ( EK ONKAAR) there is only One God. IK ONKAAR the most significant word used in the Sikh teachings. But believe in one God in Sikhism is the same Muslim'...

From Undang-undang Melaka to federal constitution: the dynamics of multicultural Malaysia

OpenAIRE

Nor, Mohd Roslan Mohd; Abdullah, Ahmad Termizi; Ali, Abdul Karim

2016-01-01

Background Malaysia is a multicultural state comprising three main races: Malays, Chinese and Indians. The three main religions are Islam, Buddhism and Hinduism. Other religions such as Sikhism and Christianity are also practised. Muslims are the majority comprising 67?% of the population. Methods This paper is qualitative in nature. It applies historical comparative method in presenting its data. The Undang-undang Melaka (Malacca Laws) was obtained from the monograph available at National Li...

The ambivalence of ritual in violence: Orthodox Christian perspectives

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Marian G. Simion

2017-04-01

Full Text Available This article demonstrates that ritual plays an ambivalent role in the interaction betweenreligion and violence. Ritual triggers and gives meaning to violence, or it enforces peace andcoexistence. The first part of the article defines the ambivalence of ritual in the context ofviolence. The second part surveys standard rituals of peace and violence from Hinduism,Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity and Islam. The third part focuses on the ambivalent natureof Orthodox Christian rituals.

POLITIK IDENTITAS MASYARAKAT TENGGER DALAM MEMPERTAHANKAN SISTEM KEBUDAYAAN DARI HEGEMONI ISLAM DAN KEKUASAAN

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ali maksum

2016-09-01

Full Text Available This article is explores the dynamic of Tengger communities regarding with expanding of Islam and the power of Indonesian government. Research by taking  two villages, namely Ngadisari and Sapikerep, Probolinggo going to want to investigate more about the dynamics of the struggle between the Tengger tribe community on the one hand in maintaining the culture, identity, and the identity of those with power ( Islam on the other side. By using the representation theory perspective, this study wanted to elaborate a little more detail about the strategy of the Tengger people in representing their identity in the midst of the dynamics of the changing times. Because, in their long history, Tengger tribe known as the little mountain community is still strong in maintaining their cultural system in the midst of changing times. The relation between the power of giving birth Tengger cultural dialectic interesting to study. At least, referring to previous studies, see the dynamics of the dialectic between the Tengger with power ( Islam gave birth to two important propositions. First, because of the strong tradition and culture systems Tengger, both Hindu and Islamic ideology interpreted as a cultural system that does not change that only symbolically attached to the Tengger. Hinduism and Islam even for Tengger no different as normative religion. It refers, that, Tengger known as the system of local culture and religion different from Hinduism true though. Second, although impressed normative ( read: syncretic , in fact, Islam and Hinduism also established world view Tengger substantive and culturally. The second view is not a religious system is like the Java community at large who embraced Islam. "Javanese Islam" behind his character as if syncretic actually still showed "substantial Islam" because based religious traditions of Sufism.

Askese inden for hinduisme

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fibiger, Marianne Qvortrup

2016-01-01

The aim of this article is to put forward a proposal for an extended typology of asceticism within Hinduism, which not only includes the religious virtuosos in the form of a durative ascetism but also the dynamic and iterative asceticism as it is expressed in the āśrama system (stages of life......). Thus it is argued that asceticism is a common point of refererence for most forms of Hinduism and thus the glue that binds the tradition together. Denne artikels formål er at fremføre et forslag til en udvidet typologisering af askese inden for hinduisme, som ikke kun indbefatter den durative askese...... repræsenteret ved udstigergrupper, men også den dynamiske og iterative, bl.a. som den kommer til udtryk i āśramasystemet (de fire livsstadier). Således vil der argumenteres for, at askese er et fælles orienteringspunkt for alle former for hinduisme og dermed det kit som binder traditionen sammen....

International Students’ Perceptions of the Naval Postgraduate School.

Science.gov (United States)

1984-12-01

Judeo-Christian-Islamic traditions, while Eastern or Oriental cultures seem to have been dominated by Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism , and Hinduism...norms are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and are as much a part of our culture, as Ehe language we speak or the beliefs we accept...our basic, unconscious belief that our encultyred cstoms assump- tions values and behaviors are right ; (b) it does not stike suAdenl or have a sinyle

Hinduism in Denmark

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fibiger, Marianne Qvortrup

2017-01-01

This is an overview article on all research done, articles written etc. on Hinduism in Denmark. The article includes longer introductions, and commentaries on and citations from every book, article, report that is part of the article.......This is an overview article on all research done, articles written etc. on Hinduism in Denmark. The article includes longer introductions, and commentaries on and citations from every book, article, report that is part of the article....

Chinese Policy Toward South Asia: Implications and Prospects for Nepal

Science.gov (United States)

2013-03-01

Silk Road not only served as a major trade route between India and China, but was also credited for the expansion of Buddhism in this region. India...endowed with legendary fighters of world fame.36 Nepal is the melting pot where two important religions, Hinduism and Buddhism are being practiced...It is believed that Hinduism exists since 1200 BC37 and Buddhism since 520 BC.38 Buddha was born in Nepal, enlightened in India, and Buddhism spread

Kipling’s Ecclectic Religious Identity

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Serdar Ozturk

2009-11-01

Full Text Available Joseph Rudyard Kipling (1865 -1936 is one of the most popular writers in English, in both prose and verse, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Rudyard Kipling does not subscribe to any particular religion, but he is deeply a religious man because he believes in one absolute God, and the divine purpose behind the creation of man. Although Rudyard Kipling uses a lot of Christian symbols in his works, he is not a Christian. In some of his stories, he shows a unique insight into the redeeming power of love, which is the main pillar of Sufism. He also accepts some of the Islamic precepts however he is not a Muslim. He is very sympathetic to Buddhism and Hinduism and always alludes to Hindu gods and goddesses, but he does not believe in Hinduism or Buddhism. Rudyard Kipling uses a lot of religious themes, motives and symbols in his Works but he does not subscribe to any particular religious views at all.

Buddhism in Denmark

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Borup, Jørn

2008-01-01

Introductory article on Buddhism in Denmark following historial lines and typological divides between "ethnic" and "convert" Buddhism.......Introductory article on Buddhism in Denmark following historial lines and typological divides between "ethnic" and "convert" Buddhism....

PERUBAHAN PANDANGAN ONTOLOGI PADA WAYANG MASA ISLAM DAN PRA ISLAM

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Nurhadi Siswanto

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Puppet has developments and changes over time. Puppet continues to grow and develop in accordance with the development of the dominant civilization that accompanies it. A change in the function of puppet strikingly occurs in Islam and pre-Islamic era. Puppet that previously acted as a form of religious ritual to worship the ancestors and the ‘Dewa’ has been changes in function to serve as a media for the sake of religion propaganda and education. There was also a change on the ontological view in puppet. The changes occur due to difference concept of Deity’s thought in Islam and Hinduism. The Islam belief that does not recognize the concept ‘dewa’, it is not eliminating the existence of ‘dewa’ in various puppet stories, but instead desecrated it. ‘Dewa’ no longer considered sacred, perfect and unbeatable, but the god is considered common creatures that could also be defeated and make mistakes.

Goddess Traditions in Tantric Hinduism

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hinduism cannot be understood without the Great Goddess and the goddess-orientated Śākta traditions. The Goddess pervades Hinduism at all levels, from aniconic village deities to high-caste pan-Hindu goddesses to esoteric, tantric goddesses. Nevertheless, the highly influential tantric forms...

Pengaruh Islam terhadap Perkembangan Budaya Jawa: Tembang Macapat

OpenAIRE

Mulyono, Asmaun Sahlan

2012-01-01

Islam came to Indonesia since the seventh century AD has a major influence on the transformation of the local culture. From cultures that were previously heavily influenced by Hinduism is primarily based on two major books from India, the Ramayana and the Mahabharata to the new culture that is influenced by Islamic values. One form of cultural transformation in the field of Javanese literature is the birth of the tembang macapat (song of macapat). Tembang macapat is a form of transformation f...

DINAMIKA ISLAM KULTURAL: Studi atas Dialektika Islam dan Budaya Lokal Madura

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Paisun Paisun

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Throughout the history, it is well-known that the ingress and the progress of Islam in Indonesia, especially in Java and Madura, were held almost without any tension and conflict. Even in the societies with some former belief systems such as Animism and Buddhism, Islam was easily accepted as a religion that brings peace within its teachings. During periods, Islam and local cultures perform a dialectical relationship and give rise to local variances of Islam, such as Javanese Islam, Madurese Islam, Sasak Islam, Sundanese Islam, etc. Those variances of Islam are the result of an acculturation process between Islam with the local cultures. In other word, this process is also called as “inculturation”. These local variances of Islam, further termed as the “cultural Islam” in this paper, have become a characteristics of Indonesian Islamic societies phenomenon which are different from Middle-East’s Islamic society and European Islamic society. This paper discusses about the Madurese Islam, one of these cultural Islam’s variances. Dialectical process between Islam and the local culture of Madura in turn generates a unique Madurese Islam, which is distinctive and esoteric. In its further developments, Islam and Madurese tradition are seen as unity and inseparatable, though people can still distinguish one another. This study seeks to uncover and expose the Islamic cultural dynamics that exist and grow in Madura: how big is the change that occurred, in which part, and what factors underlie these changes. This study provides benefit in enriching our scientific study about Indonesian cultural heritage, especially about the dialectical relationship between Islam and Madurese local culture.

Buddhism, Business, and Economics

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Brox, Trine; Williams-Oerberg, Elizabeth Lane

2017-01-01

This chapter takes the relationship that Buddhists have historically had with economic practices as a starting point for discussing contemporary entanglements of Buddhism and economy. Based on a literary review of previous studies on Buddhism and business and building upon our own research, we...... analyze the diverse range of influences that have impacted the manner in which Buddhism and business have been entwined, taking a look at historical as well as regional, national, and global impacts on the formulation of Buddhism within encounters with global market economies. Our review spans lay......-monk exchange relations, Buddhist economic ethics, monastic businesses, spiritual consumerism, globalized Buddhism, secularized Buddhist technologies in the corporate world, and Buddhist branding, all of which testify to the diverse modalities of Buddhism and economic relations, illuminating also the economic...

Worship one in Islam and Sikhism Searching & Review According to Islam

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Mohammadm mahdi Alimardi

2012-05-01

Full Text Available   In this summary, there is an effort to explain the concept of worship one and oneness in Islam and Sikhism. Sikhism is the youngest of the world religions and the doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in the Punjab area of India in the fifteenth century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam. A Sikh believes ( EK ONKAAR there is only One God. IK ONKAAR the most significant word used in the Sikh teachings. But believe in one God in Sikhism is the same Muslim's believe ? However, some believe that the first part of this statement of faith (La ilaha illa'Llah, expresses the absolute monotheism which is inherent in Islam “There is no god other than God." This is the essence of the Muslim profession of faith (shahadah. Pronouncement of the Islamic creed, the Shahadah, is the supreme religious act. Its mere recitation suffices for an entry into the "community of the believers." this is also rejection of polytheism, the destruction of idols, and the witness given to the one and unique God, the Lord and Creator of all that exists? ( Mircea, Eliade, 1987:26     

Worship one in Islam and Sikhism Searching & Review According to Islam

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohammadm mahdi Alimardi

2012-04-01

Full Text Available In this summary, there is an effort to explain the concept of worship one and oneness in Islam and Sikhism. Sikhism is the youngest of the world religions and the doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in the Punjab area of India in the fifteenth century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam. A Sikh believes ( EK ONKAAR there is only One God. IK ONKAAR the most significant word used in the Sikh teachings. But believe in one God in Sikhism is the same Muslim's believe ? However, some believe that the first part of this statement of faith (La ilaha illa'Llah, expresses the absolute monotheism which is inherent in Islam “There is no god other than God." This is the essence of the Muslim profession of faith (shahadah. Pronouncement of the Islamic creed, the Shahadah, is the supreme religious act. Its mere recitation suffices for an entry into the "community of the believers." this is also rejection of polytheism, the destruction of idols, and the witness given to the one and unique God, the Lord and Creator of all that exists? ( Mircea, Eliade, 1987:26

Worship one in Islam and Sikhism Searching & Review According to Islam

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alimardi, M

2012-01-01

Full Text Available In this summary, there is an effort to explain the concept of worship one and oneness in Islam and Sikhism. Sikhism is the youngest of the world religions and the doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in the Punjab area of India in the fifteenth century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam. A Sikh believes ( EK ONKAAR there is only One God. IK ONKAAR the most significant word used in the Sikh teachings. But believe in one God in Sikhism is the same Muslim's believe? However, some believe that the first part of this statement of faith (La ilaha illa'Llah, expresses the absolute monotheism which is inherent in Islam “There is no god other than God." This is the essence of the Muslim profession of faith (shahadah. Pronouncement of the Islamic creed, the Shahadah, is the supreme religious act. Its mere recitation suffices for an entry into the "community of the believers." this is also rejection of polytheism, the destruction of idols, and the witness given to the one and unique God, the Lord and Creator of all that exists? ( Mircea, Eliade, 1987:26("

Two Buddhisms, Three Buddhisms, and Racism

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Wakoh Shannon Hickey

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Over the past several decades, observers of American Buddhism have created numerous typologies to describe different categories of Buddhists in the United States. These taxonomies use different criteria to categorize groups: style of practice, degree of institutional stability, mode of transmission to the U.S., ethnicity, etc. Each reveals some features of American Buddhism and obscures others. None accounts adequately for hybrids or for long-term changes within categories. Most include a divide between convert Buddhists, characterized as predominantly Caucasian, and “heritage” or “ethnic” Buddhists, characterized as Asian immigrants and refugees, as well as their descendants. This article examines several typologies, and considers two dynamics: the effects of white racism on the development of American Buddhist communities; and the effects of unconscious white privilege in scholarly discourse about these communities. It critiques “ethnic” categories and proposes other ways to conceptualize the diverse forms of Buddhism outside Asia.

Material Religion - Hinduism

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Aktor, Mikael

2017-01-01

Comprehensive bibliography on material religion in Hinduism. Monographs, anthologies, anthology chapters, journal articles, web articles, documentation on cultic elements of the landscape (mountains, rivers, trees, stones), three- and two-dimensional cultic artefacts, textiles, ritual accessories...

Gender culture in Hinduism, traditionalist and modernization issues

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I. O. Svyatnenko

2016-03-01

Full Text Available The article is devoted to the relationship between the traditional and the modernization of gender dimensions in the culture of Hinduism. The author concludes that women in classical Hindu texts, so often perceived as being of a lower order, sometimes reduced to Sudra level, regardless of their actual caste. On the other hand, images of women positioned in a variety of goddesses, which is obviously positive prototypes dharmichnyh women. However, the traditional gender roles of women in Hindu household in India has changed over the past fifty or a hundred years. Western countries have influenced these changes. The continued recovery of the social status of women has led to significant changes concern a wide range of issues: education, health measures, rural and industrial schemes of social security, the problems of early marriage, wearing the burqa, the status of widows, suffrage, women, women’s representation in government. Positioning social status of women improved substantially thanks to Buddhism. Women and men are equal in ethics that has been softened significantly in terms of expanding the number of women’s rights. While patriarchal society and patriarchal and sexist gender culture Brahmanism remained unchanged in the Buddhist society women have gained more freedom and considered as independent - they were allowed to become nuns and religious and be social and active individuals.

Philosophical and cultural perspectives on acoustics in Vedic Hinduism

Science.gov (United States)

Prasad, M. G.

2004-05-01

Acoustics plays a very important multi-faceted role in Vedic Hinduism. Vedas, that is an infinitely large collection of chants (mantras) in ancient Sanskrit language, form the foundational literature of Vedic Hinduism. The Vedic chants have specific acoustical qualities and intonations. The Vedic literature describes the various aspects of acoustics, namely, philosophical, spiritual, and cultural. The use of sounds from conch-shell, bells, cymbal in addition to the Vedic chants in rituals shows the spiritual aspects. Vedic literature discusses the role of sound in the philosophical understanding of our world. Music, both vocal and instrumental, plays an important role in the cultural aspects of Vedic Hinduism. It can be seen that certain musical instruments such as ``mridangam,'' a percussion drum, reflect scientific principles underlying in their design. This paper presents an overview of the various important and interesting roles of acoustics in Vedic Hinduism.

Religion and Ethical Attitudes toward Accepting a Bribe: A Comparative Study

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Robert W. McGee

2015-09-01

Full Text Available This study presents the results of an empirical study of ethical attitudes toward bribe taking in six religions—Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, the Baha’i faith, Hinduism, and Judaism. The paper begins with a discussion of the theoretical and empirical literature on the subject. The empirical part of the study examines attitudes toward accepting bribes in 57 countries from the perspectives of six religions using the data from Wave 6 (2010–2014 of the World Values Survey. The sample population is more than 52,000. More than a dozen demographic variables were examined. The study found that attitude toward bribe taking does differ by religion.

Relasi Tuhan Dan Manusia (Refleksi Platonis atas Hinduisme

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Muliadi Muliadi

2017-10-01

Full Text Available This article discusses the relationship of God and man in view of Hinduism. The paradigm used in this reflection is the Plato's metaphysics about relatinships pattern of Idea and reality. View of Hinduism, Brahman is the highest Idea that must be addressed by all human beings. To make it easier to understand God or Brahman, in Hinduism there is the understanding that God manifests itself in various forms of gods and goddesses. Man in view of Hinduism, has same elements with the universe as the manifestation of God, then to recognize God, man can also through the understanding of human identity that is Atman. Hinduism teaches various ways or methods to serve and understand God, including of it: bhakti yoga, karma yoga, jnana yoga and raja yoga. In this life, humans are bounded by responsibility. If  it’s actions or works are good, so humans will find good result, but if the evil that is done, then humans will get karma. Karma is what prevented him to merge with Brahman / Atman, so that human life will undergo a series or sequence of rebirth, even in the form of lower called samsara. To break this samsara, people should stay away from the mirage of life, do the good, and be aware or understand of their identity that blends with nature is that while blending with the Almighty or moksha.

Reading Robinson Crusoe from the lens of Islamic Utopianism

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Morteza Yousofi

2014-03-01

Full Text Available The need for perfection is an innate feeling in all human beings and a broader sense of it would be people’s craving to make a utopian society. Utopianism is rooted in religions like Islam, Christianity, Judaism and Hinduism. It is also discussed in many Western works trying to depict an ideal society like Plato’s The Republic and More’s Utopia. The utopian features raised by them are illustrated in many literary works and utopian fictions as is the case with Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe. This paper attempts to analyze some common Western utopian features presented in Robinson Crusoe and compare them with Islamic traditions which describe the golden era of the Messiah of Islam. By referring to two utopian features of economic prosperity and spirituality, the essay concludes that the discipline of comparative literature provides an opportunity to compare literary works with discussions on Islamic studies and although Robinson Crusoe is set in a Christian context, it has some features in common with the Islamic Utopia.

Buddhism of Japanese Immigrants within the framework of Brazilian Buddhism

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Frank Usarski

2016-09-01

Full Text Available The article reflects upon Buddhism of Japanese immigrants, which is the historically and numerically most important sub-segment of the so-called “ethnic Buddhism” in Brazil. The latter represents - in distinction from the “Buddhism of converts” - one of the two principles analytical subcategories of Buddhist universe of the country. The text starts with a reconstruction of the trajectory of the religious sub-segment in question by relating it to other observable tendencies in Brazil’s Buddhist field in general. For analytical reasons, the history of Buddhism of Japanese immigrants is subdivided into four phases. In the second part of the article the aforementioned data are interpreted from a sociological point of view. This interpretation refers mainly to the statistics of the National Census from 1950 onwards conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE. The data indicate a gradual decline of Japanese Immigrant Buddhism during the last decades that has cumulated into general crises of the Buddhist segment in question. As for factors possibly responsible for this negative development, the article discusses aspects such as logistical failures on the side of the Buddhist institutions or the difficulties of the families of Japanese descendants in handing down their cultural and religious heritage to their children.  

Pengaruh Islam terhadap Perkembangan Budaya Jawa: tembang Macapat

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Asmaun Sahlan, Mulyono

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Islam came to Indonesia since the seventh century AD has a major influence on the transformation of the local culture. From cultures that were previously heavily influenced by Hinduism is primarily based on two major books from India, the Ramayana and the Mahabharata to the new culture that is influenced by Islamic values. One form of cultural transformation in the field of Javanese literature is the birth of the tembang macapat (song of macapat. Tembang macapat is a form of transformation from Javanese literature of the form kakawin literary dan kidung (ancient Javanese song became a form of Java new song (gending. During its development, macapat song contains a lot of Islamic values so utilized by teachers, preachers, religious scholars and Ulama’ to the means of education and transformation of Islamic values.   Islam datang ke Indonesia sejak abad ke tujuh Masehi memiliki pengaruh besar terhadap transformasi budaya setempat. Dari kebudayaan yang sebelumnya banyak dipengaruhi oleh agama Hindu terutama didasarkan pada dua karya besar dari India yaitu Ramayana dan Mahabharata menuju kepada kebudayaan baru yang dipengaruhi oleh nilai-nilai Islam. Salah satu bentuk transformasi kebudayaan dalam  bidang sastra Jawa adalah lahirnya tembang macapat. Tembang macapat merupakan bentuk transformasi sastra Jawa dari bentuk kakawin dan kidung menjadi sastra puisi yang berupa lagu/gending. Dalam perkembangannya, tembang macapat banyak mengandung nilai-nilai Islam sehingga dimanfaatkan oleh para guru, mubaligh, kyai maupun ulama’ untuk sarana pendidikan dan dakwah nilai-nilai Islam.

Buddhism: A Brief Guide to Reference Sources.

Science.gov (United States)

Drost, Jerry

The annotated bibliography lists 48 articles, atlases, dictionaries, bibliographies, and general and subject indexes on Buddhism. The bibliography is intended to provide college students with an introduction to the more complex literature of Buddhism and to stimulate further research and study. Topics include the history of Buddhism; the practice…

Women and Ultramodern Buddhism in Australia

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Anna Halafoff

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Buddhists started arriving in Australia in large numbers during the mid-1800s, and the first Buddhist societies and centres began to be formed in the mid-late 1900s. This paper examines the role of women in bringing Buddhism to and establishing it in Australia. Women have featured prominently in a small amount of scholarship, including Paul Croucher’s (1989 Buddhism in Australia: 1848–1988 and Cristina Rocha and Michelle Barker’s (eds. 2011 edited volume on Buddhism in Australia: Traditions in Change. This paper draws on these sources, but primarily on more recent digital oral histories of prominent Buddhist women and men in Australia, recorded as part of the first stage of the Buddhist Life Stories of Australia project in 2014–2015. These first-hand accounts bring the early female pioneers of Buddhism in Australia to life and provide a rich re-telling of this history with emphasis on women’s contributions to it. We also argue that these women’s experiences can best be understood through a framework of ‘ultramodern Buddhism,’ built upon theories of modern and post-modern Buddhism, as many of these women were trailblazers bridging dualisms of tradition and modernity, Asia and the West, and adhering to both feminist and Buddhist principles.

Gaochang Buddhism and the Silk Road

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Wang Xin

2014-02-01

Full Text Available At the crossroads between the West and the East in ancient times, one point along the Silk Road was Gaochang (the Turpan basin in Xinjiang which played an important role in cultural exchange and the spread of Buddhism. The bidirectional influence of Buddhism in Gaochang was achieved as Buddhism spread eastward, and through its westward transmission which resulted in Gaochang’s unique and significant position in the history of cultural interaction.

Japan’s Modernization and the Persecution of Buddhism

OpenAIRE

Hotta,Chisato

2012-01-01

This paper explores the purposes and consequences of the persecution of Buddhism in　the early Meiji period (1868-1912). The Meiji government attempted to establish　the legitimacy of the new state through the Shinto-based divine status of the emperor while pursuing anti-Buddhism policies and promoting Shinto as the state religion. By reinventing　Shinto as an independent religion and ending the Shinto-Buddhism syncretism, the policy of　shinbutsu bunri (separation of Shinto and Buddhism) aimed a...

When the spirit leaves: Childhood death, grieving, and bereavement in Islam.

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Hedayat, Kamyar

2006-12-01

The death of a child has a profound and often long-lasting impact on families. The parent's relationship and their ability to bond with and take care of surviving children may be affected. It is important for healthcare workers to understand the dynamics associated with bereavement, especially when the family comes from a non-Western culture. Islam is one of the three most populous religions along with Christianity and Hinduism and the fastest growing religion in the United States but remains largely misunderstood. This paper seeks to explain what Islam is, who is a Muslim, where they live, and what they believe and practice. It also explains how Islamic beliefs contextualize the meaning of life and death for Muslims and how they are exhorted to grieve upon a child's death. Reading this paper will enable those who care for Muslim families to better attend to the social and emotional needs of Muslim parents and siblings after such a tragic event.

Strategy for a Military Spiritual Self-Development Tool

Science.gov (United States)

2008-12-12

education and measurement be Christianity, Islam , Atheism, Hinduism, Chinese Traditional Religions (Confucianism, Taoism , and Ancestral Worship... Islam , Hinduism, the Slavic (Orthodox) countries, China (Confucianism), South America (also mostly Christian), Japan (Shintoism), and maybe...currently focuses solely on Islamic jihadist culture, but this emphasis is shortsighted. While understanding this form of terrorist ideology in depth

Buddhism in the United States: an Ethnographic Study

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Jaeyeon Choe

2013-12-01

Full Text Available This paper focuses on Buddhism in America, an neglected area of inquiry in anthropological study. There is a need for modern ethnographic studies to shed light on historical issues, paradigms for comparative inquiry, and thus, explore the impact of Buddhism on modern American society (Glazier, 1997. The enormous growth of Buddhism in the last quarter century (Smith, 2002 makes this an especially pertinent topic in American anthropology. We utilize Glazier’s model to add Buddhism as a topic in the area of modernity studies. This is a preliminary study of the nature of Buddhism in America. We conducted participant observation with a Buddhist meditation group in a north eastern state in the US for four months in the spring of 2010. Based on our preliminary ethnographic data, we believe that a unique perspectives of Buddhism in America can be identified: non-religious and therapeutic involvement or use of Buddhism. Also, new forms of practice become evident, for example, ‘walking meditation’ and ‘bowing to other Buddhists,’ are identified as characteristics of Buddhism in America. It is interesting to note that at the end of meditation sessions, participants not only bow to the Buddha statue, but also bow to each other. This is a unique ritual dynamic which appears to be consistent with the worldview of American people - being equal and individual. The meditation group also practiced ‘walking meditation’ which is easy to do in everyday life. Additionally, we observed that American meditation rooms provide additional cushions to sit on which are a further element, along with walking meditation, which help American beginners to meditate more easily. These study observations shed light on the current situation by providing new lenses from which to understand and focus on different ritual performances/interpretations of Buddhism, and their meanings and functions in society. The most important reflection is that religious change is not an

75 FR 82128 - Culturally Significant Objects Imported for Exhibition Determinations: “Vishnu: Hinduism's Blue...

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2010-12-29

... DEPARTMENT OF STATE [Public Notice 7279] Culturally Significant Objects Imported for Exhibition Determinations: ``Vishnu: Hinduism's Blue-Skinned Savior'' SUMMARY: Notice is hereby given of the following... objects to be included in the exhibition ``Vishnu: Hinduism's Blue-Skinned Savior,'' imported from abroad...

SINKRETISME DALAM AGAMA HINDU DAN BUDDHA DI BALI

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I Nyoman Kiriana

2016-08-01

Full Text Available In religious life, at first the existence of Hindu and Buddhist very harmonious and contradictory in their home country, namely India. But the two religions in Indosesia seem very harmonious, especially in the era of the Majapahit kingdom. Moreover, the existence of Hinduism and Buddhism in Bali very harmony and even complement each other in practice and spiritual order. Buddhism is very much a substance similar to the teachings of Hinduism. In some Hindu literature was found a lot in common with the essence of Buddhism, and vice versa. Very often found literature-literature that reflects the harmony of both religions, among others: Lontar Siwagama, Kekawin Mahabharata, Ramayana Kekawin, Kekawin Arjuna Wiwaha, Kekawin Bharata Yudha and Kekawin Sutasoma, Sanghyang Kamahayanikan, Bubugsah Gagakaking and so on. By looking at it as if the two religions fused in practice in Bali, especially in the implementation of religious activities such as the ritual tawur agung in connection with the celebration of Nyepi Saka as the New Year.

Radical Behaviorism and Buddhism: Complementarities and Conflicts

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Diller, James W.; Lattal, Kennon A.

2008-01-01

Comparisons have been made between Buddhism and the philosophy of science in general, but there have been only a few attempts to draw comparisons directly with the philosophy of radical behaviorism. The present review therefore considers heretofore unconsidered points of comparison between Buddhism and radical behaviorism in terms of their…

Religion as a means to assure paternity.

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Strassmann, Beverly I; Kurapati, Nikhil T; Hug, Brendan F; Burke, Erin E; Gillespie, Brenda W; Karafet, Tatiana M; Hammer, Michael F

2012-06-19

The sacred texts of five world religions (Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, and Judaism) use similar belief systems to set limits on sexual behavior. We propose that this similarity is a shared cultural solution to a biological problem: namely male uncertainty over the paternity of offspring. Furthermore, we propose the hypothesis that religious practices that more strongly regulate female sexuality should be more successful at promoting paternity certainty. Using genetic data on 1,706 father-son pairs, we tested this hypothesis in a traditional African population in which multiple religions (Islam, Christianity, and indigenous) coexist in the same families and villages. We show that the indigenous religion enables males to achieve a significantly (P = 0.019) lower probability of cuckoldry (1.3% versus 2.9%) by enforcing the honest signaling of menstruation, but that all three religions share tenets aimed at the avoidance of extrapair copulation. Our findings provide evidence for high paternity certainty in a traditional African population, and they shed light on the reproductive agendas that underlie religious patriarchy.

Japanese Buddhism, Relativization, and Glocalization

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Ugo Dessì

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Within the field of study on Japanese religions, the issue of globalization tends to be associated with the missionary activities of some successful new religious movements, and there is a certain reluctance to approach analytically the dynamics of glocalization/hybridization and the power issues at stake. In this article, I address these and other related problems by taking my cue from the relativizing effects of globalization and a working definition of religion based on the concept of authority. To this aim, I focus on two case studies. The first concerns the ongoing greening of Japanese Buddhism. The second revolves around the adoption of meditational techniques by priests and lay practitioners in Hawaiian Shin Buddhism. My findings show that there are at least four factors underlying the glocalization of Japanese Buddhism, that is, global consciousness, resonance with the local tradition, decontextualization, and quest for power. Moreover, they indicate that it is possible to distinguish between two types of glocalization (glocalization and chauvinistic glocalization and two configurations of glocalization (juxtaposition and integration.

Anthropology of Buddhism: The Importance of Personal Spiritual Maturity and Vital Aims

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Kaldybay, Kainar K.; Abdrassilov, Turganbai K.; Myrzabekov, Muratbek M.; Beysenov, Aybek S.; Pazylova, Kalamkas A.

2016-01-01

The purpose of this article is to show the views of the major schools of Buddhism towards the notion of an individual in Buddhism. The problem of the human person in Buddhism is reflected through the perception of human desires and aspirations as the sources of "suffering." Essential Buddhism is not only a religion or philosophy--it is…

PROFESI SEBAGAI TAREKAT

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Ahmad Munji

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract: Generally in the teachings of any religion, both divine religions such as Islam, Christianity and Judaism, or earth religions such as Hinduism, Buddhism there is a polarization between religion and economic activity. So that all activities which seeking riches is viewed negatively and not in accordance with the lofty ideals of spirituality. In the teachings of Islamic religion there is also tendency that sees economic activity as an activity that is in appropriate for a religious. By using content analysis, the studies illustrate that everyone can make his profession as a path to God. Provided that each profession held by Islamic guidance, according to the Qur'an and the Hadith. Abstrak: Dalam ajaran keagamaan secara umum, baik agama-agama samawi seperti Islam, Kristen dan Yahudi, maupun agama bumi seperti Hindu, Buddha dan lain sebagainya terdapat anti-nomi antara agama dan kegiatan ekonomi. Sehingga seluruh kegiatan yang mencari kekayaan dipandang negatif dan tidak sesuai dengan cita-cita luhur spiritualitas. Dalam ajaran Agama Islam juga terdapat tendensi yang cukup kuat yang memandang kegiatan ekonomi sebagai aktifitas yang tidak pantas bagi manusia yang taat beragama. Dengan menggunakan analisis isi (content analysis, setudi ini menggambarkan bahwa, setiap orang bisa menjadikan profesinya sebagi jalan menuju kepada Allah. Asalkan setiap apa yang menjadi aktifitas keseharianya dilaksanakan berdasarkan tuntunan Islam, sesuai dengan al-Qur’an dan hadis Nabi Muhammad. Keywords: profesi, wirid, al-Quran, hadis, tarekat.

To Lose China’s Support is to Lose Superpower Status

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2010-04-02

Taoism , 2% Judaism, 4.5% Buddhism, 1% Buddhism, 3% Christianity, 1% Islam 3% Islam GDP $14.264 trillion $4.401 trillion ($46,859... Taoism and Buddhism, register only 7.5% and 4.5% respectively. It has been noted in this thesis that the United States has the largest economy in

The mystery of reincarnation.

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Nagaraj, Anil Kumar Mysore; Nanjegowda, Raveesh Bevinahalli; Purushothama, S M

2013-01-01

One of the mysteries puzzling human mind since the origin of mankind is the concept of "reincarnation" which literally means "to take on the flesh again." As the civilizations evolved, beliefs got discriminated and disseminated into various religions. The major division manifested was "East" and "West." The eastern religions being more philosophical and less analytical, have accepted reincarnation. However, the different eastern religions like Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism have differed in their faith on rebirth. Further, the Islam as well as the most dominant religion of the world, Christianity, having its origin in the west, have largely denied reincarnation, though some sub-sects still show interest in it. Also many mystic and esoteric schools like theosophical society have their unique description on rebirth. This article describes reincarnation as perceived by various religions and new religious movements as well as some research evidence.

Spiritual perspectives and practices at the end-of-life: A review of the major world religions and application to palliative care

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Bauer-Wu S

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Palliative care professionals promote well-being and ease suffering at the end-of-life through holistic care that addresses physical, emotional, social and spiritual needs. The ways that individuals cope with serious illness and prepare for death are often done so within a religious context. Therefore, it is essential that palliative care practitioners are sensitive to and have an appreciation of different religious perspectives and rituals to meet the unique needs of their patients and families. This paper provides a brief overview of the five major world religions - Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam and Judaism - with particular emphasis of the respective perspectives on suffering, death and afterlife. Despite wide variation in these traditions, an understanding of common rituals surrounding death, funerals and bereavement can improve care for patients, families and communities facing the end-of-life.

Is Buddhism the low fertility religion of Asia?

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Vegard Skirbekk

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Background: The influence of religion on demographic behaviors has been extensively studied mainly for Abrahamic religions. Although Buddhism is the world's fourth largest religion and is dominant in several Asian nations experiencing very low fertility, the impact of Buddhism on childbearing has received comparatively little research attention. Objective: This paper draws upon a variety of data sources in different countries in Asia in order to test our hypothesis that Buddhism is related to low fertility. Methods: Religious differentials in terms of period fertility in three nations (India, Cambodia and Nepal and cohort fertility in three case studies (Mongolia, Thailand and Japan are analyzed. The analyses are divided into two parts: descriptive and multivariate analyses. Results: Our results suggest that Buddhist affiliation tends to be negatively or not associated with childbearing outcomes, controlling for education, region of residence, age and marital status. Although the results vary between the highly diverse contextual and institutional settings investigated, we find evidence that Buddhist affiliation or devotion is not related to elevated fertility across these very different cultural settings. Conclusions: Across the highly diverse cultural and developmental contexts under which the different strains of Buddhism dominate, the effect of Buddhism is consistently negatively or insignificantly related to fertility. These findings stand in contrast to studies of Abrahamic religions that tend to identify a positive link between religiosity and fertility.

From Undang-undang Melaka to federal constitution: the dynamics of multicultural Malaysia.

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Nor, Mohd Roslan Mohd; Abdullah, Ahmad Termizi; Ali, Abdul Karim

2016-01-01

Malaysia is a multicultural state comprising three main races: Malays, Chinese and Indians. The three main religions are Islam, Buddhism and Hinduism. Other religions such as Sikhism and Christianity are also practised. Muslims are the majority comprising 67 % of the population. This paper is qualitative in nature. It applies historical comparative method in presenting its data. The Undang - undang Melaka (Malacca Laws) was obtained from the monograph available at National Library of Malaysia under the name of Hukum Kanun Melaka. Analysis was done on selected examples from this document. This paper highlights that had there been no introduction to a common law system, Malaysia would have remained with its traditional laws influenced by Islam and its local customs as evident from Undang - undang Melaka (Malacca laws). The Undang - undang Melaka was practised from 1422 to 1444 and the law of the country was developed to accommodate the introduction of civil law during the colonial period. One of the unique aspects of multicultural Malaysia is the fact that it has a parallel legal system: sharia and civil law. This paper examines histo-cultural development of the Islamic law as practised in pre-independent Malaysia, as well as the coexistence between these two laws after the independence of Malaya in 1957. This paper concludes that Islamic law in Malaysia is confined to Muslim family matters, while civil law covers all other matters.

Straight talk: the challenge before modern day hinduism.

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Singh, Ajai R

2009-01-01

Hinduism, as an institution, offers very little to the poor and underprivileged within its fold. This is one of the prime reasons for voluntary conversion of Hindus from among its members. B.R. Ambedkar and A.R. Rahman provide poignant examples of how lack of education and health facilities for the underprivileged within its fold, respectively, led to their conversion. This can be countered by a movement to provide large-scale quality health [hospitals/PHCs] and educational [schools/colleges] facilities run by Hindu mission organisations spread over the cities and districts of India. A four point-four phase programmme is presented here to outline how this can be achieved. Those who have the genuine interests of Hinduism at heart will have to set such an agenda before them rather than strident and violent affirmations of its glories. One can understand the reasons for such stridency, but it is time it got converted into constructive affirmative action to keep the flock.

The Coming of Secular Buddhism: a Synoptic View

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Winton Higgins

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Secular Buddhism is coalescing today in response to two main factors. First, it rejects the incoherence of Buddhist modernism, a protean formation that accommodates elements as far afield as ancestral Buddhism and psychotherapies claiming the Buddhist brand. Second, it absorbs the cultural influence of modern secularity in the West. Historically understood, secularity has constituted a centuries-long religious development, not a victory of "science" over "religion." Today's secularity marks a further stage in the cultural decline of "enchanted" truth-claims and the intellectual eclipse of metaphysics, especially under the aegis of phenomenology. In Buddhism as in Christianity, secularity brings forth a new humanistic approach to ethical-spiritual life and creative this-worldly practices.

Buddhism and breastfeeding.

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Segawa, Masashi

2008-06-01

Buddhism is an ancient religion that began in India and spread throughout Asia. It is prevalent in modern Japan. Breastfeeding has been a strong practice for centuries with the custom being to continue until the child is 6 or 7 years of age. The Edo period was very influential in establishing breastfeeding customs that continue today.

PENDIDIKAN ISLAM MASA MAJAPAHIT DAN DAKWAH SYEKH JUMADIL KUBRO

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Isno

2015-05-01

Full Text Available The discussion of Syekh Jumadil Kubro figure cannot be denied from a long debate regarding its comprehensive history. Where he came from, how his life was, and where he buried in are still debatable. Beginning from the previously mentioned questions, it is interesting to discuss about a seminar within the event of 632nd annual commemoration of Syekh Jumadil Kubro which was conducted by Department of Tourism and Culture of Mojokerto District. The discussion by archeologist, historian, and ulamas ended up with a conclusion regarding the syekh figure. The figure was real. From mass conversion from Hinduism to Islam in Java, it was concluded that the syekh had a very effective missionary strategy so that the Hindus-Majapahit transformed into a Muslim society.

The law of the leading digits and the world religions

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Mir, T. A.

2012-02-01

Benford's law states that the occurrence of significant digits in many data sets is not uniform but tends to follow a logarithmic distribution such that the smaller digits appear as first significant digits more frequently than the larger ones. We investigate here numerical data on the country-wise adherent distribution of seven major world religions i.e. Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism, Judaism and Baha'ism to see if the proportion of the leading digits occurring in the distribution conforms to Benford's law. We find that the adherent data of all the religions, except Christianity, excellently does conform to Benford's law. Furthermore, unlike the adherent data on Christianity, the significant digit distribution of the three major Christian denominations i.e. Catholicism, Protestantism and Orthodoxy obeys the law. Thus in spite of their complexity general laws can be established for the evolution of religious groups.

The mystery of reincarnation

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Nagaraj, Anil Kumar Mysore; Nanjegowda, Raveesh Bevinahalli; Purushothama, S. M.

2013-01-01

One of the mysteries puzzling human mind since the origin of mankind is the concept of “reincarnation” which literally means “to take on the flesh again.” As the civilizations evolved, beliefs got discriminated and disseminated into various religions. The major division manifested was “East” and “West.” The eastern religions being more philosophical and less analytical, have accepted reincarnation. However, the different eastern religions like Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism have differed in their faith on rebirth. Further, the Islam as well as the most dominant religion of the world, Christianity, having its origin in the west, have largely denied reincarnation, though some sub-sects still show interest in it. Also many mystic and esoteric schools like theosophical society have their unique description on rebirth. This article describes reincarnation as perceived by various religions and new religious movements as well as some research evidence. PMID:23858250

[The relevance of zen-buddhism for dialectic-behavioral therapy].

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Huppertz, Michael

2003-01-01

Dialectic-Behavioral Therapy is a specific psychotherapeutic approach to answer the needs of patients with Borderline Personality Disorder. It uses concepts and techniques of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and of Humanistic Psychotherapies. For a deeper understanding, it is necessary to include also its Zen-Buddhistic background. The experience of Zen-meditation and the basic philosophy of Zen-Buddhism will be explained. In the context of the historical relation between Zen-Buddhism and Psychotherapy, the position of the DBT will be specified. Finally it will be demonstrated how Zen-Buddhism inspired the practice of DBT and what kinds of problems arise when a modern psychotherapy uses the concept of a premodern conception of the world and human existence.

Religious aspects of assisted reproduction

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Sallam, H N; Sallam, N H

2016-03-28

Human response to new developments regarding birth, death, marriage and divorce is largely shaped by religious beliefs. When assisted reproduction was introduced into medical practice in the last quarter of the twentieth century, it was fiercely attacked by some religious groups and highly welcomed by others. Today, assisted reproduction is accepted in nearly all its forms by Judaism, Hinduism and Buddhism, although most Orthodox Jews refuse third party involvement. On the contrary assisted reproduction is totally unacceptable to Roman Catholicism, while Protestants, Anglicans, Coptic Christians and Sunni Muslims accept most of its forms, which do not involve gamete or embryo donation. Orthodox Christians are less strict than Catholic Christians but still refuse third party involvement. Interestingly, in contrast to Sunni Islam, Shi'a Islam accepts gamete donation and has made provisions to institutionalize it. Chinese culture is strongly influenced by Confucianism, which accepts all forms of assisted reproduction that do not involve third parties. Other communities follow the law of the land, which is usually dictated by the religious group(s) that make(s) the majority of that specific community. The debate will certainly continue as long as new developments arise in the ever-evolving field of assisted reproduction.

Legal Policy of Interfaith Marriage in Indonesia

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Fathol Hedi

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Marriage is not just a bond between men and women, but the inner bond between a man and a woman based on the One and Only God. This research was a philosophical normative, thus the approaches used were philosophical, normative, and historical. Besides, a qualitative-descriptive strategy was used in finding a depth description of the law politics of interfaith marriage regulation in Indonesia based on the the 1974 Marriage Law. The results show that the interfaith marriage is not regulated in the 1974 Marriage Law, because: First, the rejection of the majority of Muslims and the faction in Parliament because the interfaith marriage is against the aqidah (matters of faith of Islam; Second, the interfaith marriage is contrary to the marriage culture in Indonesia, because marriage contains legal, sociology and religious aspects; Third, the interfaith marriage is contrary to the theological teachings of religions in Indonesia that do not want interfaith marriages, such as Islam, Christianity, Protestantism, Hinduism and Buddhism. Furthermore, the interfaith marriage is inconsistent with the philosophical purposes of marriage in Indonesia where the purpose of marriage forms a happy and eternal family based on the One Supreme God.

Buddhism, euthanasia and the sanctity of life.

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Perrett, R W

1996-10-01

Damien and John Keown claim that there is important common ground between Buddhism and Christianity on the issue of euthanasia and that both traditions oppose it for similar reasons in order to espouse a "sanctity of life" position. I argue that the appearance of consensus is partly created by their failure to specify clearly enough certain key notions in the argument: particularly Buddhism, euthanasia and the sanctity of life. Once this is done, the Keowns' central claims can be seen to be either false or only restrictedly true.

Buddhism, euthanasia and the sanctity of life.

Science.gov (United States)

Perrett, R W

1996-01-01

Damien and John Keown claim that there is important common ground between Buddhism and Christianity on the issue of euthanasia and that both traditions oppose it for similar reasons in order to espouse a "sanctity of life" position. I argue that the appearance of consensus is partly created by their failure to specify clearly enough certain key notions in the argument: particularly Buddhism, euthanasia and the sanctity of life. Once this is done, the Keowns' central claims can be seen to be either false or only restrictedly true. PMID:8910785

The Adulthood of Buddhahood: Buddhism, Lifelong Learning and the Education of Desire.

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MacPherson, Sonia

1996-01-01

Buddhism as a philosophy of education is examined through discussion of the three trainings: ethics, meditative stabilization, and special wisdom. Tantric Buddhism and Protestant Christianity are compared. (SK)

India: General Survey Unit for World Civilization Course Curriculum Project. Fulbright-Hays Summer Seminars Abroad, 1997 (India).

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Brinton, Victoria

This unit is intended to provide high school students with a general knowledge of the history and culture of India. Lessons include: (1) "Early India"; (2) "Indian Civilization 1500 BC - 500 AD: Hinduism"; (3) "Buddhism"; (4) "Indian Empires"; (5) "Indian Empires, Continued"; (6)…

Interpreting the Diamond Way: Contemporary Convert Buddhism in Transition

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Burkhard Scherer

2015-02-01

Full Text Available This paper addresses the broader issues of continuity and change during the transition of Tibetan Buddhism from Asia to the West. It looks at the Diamond Way, a contemporary Karma bKa' brgyud lay movement founded by the Danish lay teacher Ole Nydahl. The paper aims to open this area of study by employing a balanced approach between a hermeneutics of suspicion and a hermeneutics of trust, and by adding the historical-critical approach of Tibetan Buddhist Studies to the perspectives of sociology and cultural anthropology. Acknowledging Nydahl as both a charismatic and controversial figure within contemporary Buddhism, the discussion focuses on notions of lay and yogi Buddhism in the Diamond Way and on the question of westernization in Diamond Way practices. The paper concludes by raising questions about the future, continuity and change of Nydahl's heritage after his death.

Social and Engaged Buddhism: The CEBB Experience and Lama Padma Samten

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Deyve Redyson

2016-09-01

Full Text Available This work aims to make a historical recovery of the emergence of CEBB (Centro de Estudos Budistas Bodisatva and his experiences as a vehicle for dissemination of Tibetan Buddhism in Brazil, as well as the very trajectory of Lama Padma Samten, its founder, and current religious leadership of this tradition. We intend to demonstrate that the CEBB experience set in a form of social and engaged Buddhism where prospects facing on education, social welfare and the preservation and respect for human rights are elements that approach the Brazilian reality. The lived experience of CEBB also binds to work at great social risk communities, but always connected with Brazilian identities of Buddhism that mirror the altruistic action, based on generosity and contemplation. Linked to CEBB it is also, in large part, the history and development of Buddhism in Brazil that link growth statistics and expansion as a result of social work engaged and universal responsibility with human beings.

Sunshine Unfolding.

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Holdrege, Craig; And Others

Hinduism, yoga, transcendental meditation, traditional American Indian philosophies, far-Eastern philosophies (Taoism, Zen Buddhism, and Zen concepts), macrobiotics, and Judeo-Christian teachings are the topics discussed in this student developed book. Designed for use by both elementary and high school students, it was written with two major…

Religious perspectives on umbilical cord blood banking.

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Jordens, Christopher F C; O'Connor, Michelle A C; Kerridge, Ian H; Stewart, Cameron; Cameron, Andrew; Keown, Damien; Lawrence, Rabbi Jeremy; McGarrity, Andrew; Sachedina, Abdulaziz; Tobin, Bernadette

2012-03-01

Umbilical cord blood is a valuable source of haematopoietic stem cells. There is little information about whether religious affiliations have any bearing on attitudes to and decisions about its collection, donation and storage. The authors provided information about umbilical cord blood banking to expert commentators from six major world religions (Catholicism, Anglicanism, Islam, Judaism, Hinduism and Buddhism) and asked them to address a specific set of questions in a commentary. The commentaries suggest there is considerable support for umbilical cord blood banking in these religions. Four commentaries provide moral grounds for favouring public donation over private storage. None attach any particular religious significance to the umbilical cord or to the blood within it, nor place restrictions on the ethnicity or religion of donors and recipients. Views on ownership of umbilical cord blood vary. The authors offer a series of general points for those who seek a better understanding of religious perspectives on umbilical cord blood banking.

USSR Report, Problems of the Far East No 4, Oct-Dec 1986.

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1987-04-21

religion as a camouflage, so Buddhism, Taoism , and Islam have been freed of domination and exploitation by reactionary class- es.’ ’ 3. "We...or millenniums. Chinese Buddhism is more than 2000 years old, Tao.sm-ovcr 1700 Islam -1300! whereas Catholicism and Protestantism had appeared...mind the living conditions of the national minorities, with the bulk of population professing either Islam or Lamaism. In this case special

A Preliminary Assessment of Buddhism's Contextualisation to the English RE Classroom

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Thanissaro, Phra Nicholas

2011-01-01

In a preliminary study, 20 "migrant" Buddhist parents and children from England participated in semi-structured interviews to compare their home nurture with classroom presentation of Buddhism. In the home Buddhism received more time allocation and was presented mainly by the mother and monks--the content being that of "perpetuating…

Assaying the Belief in Divine Incarnation in Hinduism and Christianity

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S. Mohammad Rohani

2014-01-01

Full Text Available One of the doctrines shared by Hinduism and Christianity is the doctrine of incarnation and bodily fall of divinity, which on surface sounds to have been understood by both schools in the same terms. Since both schools insist on transcendent unity of God in his essence; for example in Upanishads which is one of the key scriptures of Hinduism it is insisted that the origin of existence is a transcendent, invisible and unfathomable God called Brahman which is the highest the most excellent and beyond description. By the same token, in Christianity God has always been envisaged as a unique and transcendent being. Nevertheless, these two religions believe that transcendent God gets incarnated in some conditions. Thus some have paired these two schools in their belief in incarnation without understanding the nuances.    By more probing into their respective theologies, however, we find out that not only their notions of incarnation differ but there are also fundamental differences in their understandings of God in general and divine transcendent unity and synthesizing it with divine fall and incarnation. In Hinduism God is conceived as an absolute being which manifests itself in three attributes. But in Christianity God is not an absolute and simple essence rather it is envisaged as a compound entity spread through trinity figures who have been interacting since the time immemorial. Moreover, these two schools have two different positions on the necessity and cause of incarnation. Thus one can conclude that the doctrine of incarnation is understood in Hinduism and Christianity in radically different fashions.    In Christianity Jesus represents the only incarnation of divinity as the son of God who is one of triple hypostases building trinity and the belief in whom is the path of human salvation. Thus conceived, God has descended into the body of Christ as the ransom of original sin. Then incarnation in Christianity is founded upon two other

Assaying the Belief in Divine Incarnation in Hinduism and Christianity

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S. Mohammad Rohani

2013-12-01

Full Text Available One of the doctrines shared by Hinduism and Christianity is the doctrine of incarnation and bodily fall of divinity, which on surface sounds to have been understood by both schools in the same terms. Since both schools insist on transcendent unity of God in his essence; for example in Upanishads which is one of the key scriptures of Hinduism it is insisted that the origin of existence is a transcendent, invisible and unfathomable God called Brahman which is the highest the most excellent and beyond description. By the same token, in Christianity God has always been envisaged as a unique and transcendent being. Nevertheless, these two religions believe that transcendent God gets incarnated in some conditions. Thus some have paired these two schools in their belief in incarnation without understanding the nuances.    By more probing into their respective theologies, however, we find out that not only their notions of incarnation differ but there are also fundamental differences in their understandings of God in general and divine transcendent unity and synthesizing it with divine fall and incarnation. In Hinduism God is conceived as an absolute being which manifests itself in three attributes. But in Christianity God is not an absolute and simple essence rather it is envisaged as a compound entity spread through trinity figures who have been interacting since the time immemorial. Moreover, these two schools have two different positions on the necessity and cause of incarnation. Thus one can conclude that the doctrine of incarnation is understood in Hinduism and Christianity in radically different fashions.    In Christianity Jesus represents the only incarnation of divinity as the son of God who is one of triple hypostases building trinity and the belief in whom is the path of human salvation. Thus conceived, God has descended into the body of Christ as the ransom of original sin. Then incarnation in Christianity is founded upon two other

Philosophy 323, Readings in Asian Thought. Syllabus.

Science.gov (United States)

Hurdle, Burton G., Jr.

A survey course syllabus of Asian philosophy is presented. For each period of dates in the semester course, a reading assignment was made, discussion topics and questions proposed, and supplementary readings and sources suggested. The course focused on Indian philosophy, Buddhism and Hinduism, and Chinese philosophy, specifically Confucian…

Race Superiority or Racism: A review in the light of World Religions and Islamic Teachings (urdu

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Fatima

2016-07-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Race represents a specific caste, creed and a generation of a common ancestor. It has been a source of identification among different tribes and group of people, since humankind started life on this earth. With the passage of time different races have started using their racial backgrounds as negative sentiments which created superiority and inferiority complexes among people. Concepts of chosen people aroused in different races which created great gap, differences and hate in the society. The current research work is based upon the concept of superiority in Hinduism and Judaism, which will be further reviewed in the light of Islamic teachings.

Straight Talk: The Challenge Before Modern Day Hinduism

OpenAIRE

Singh, Ajai R.

2009-01-01

Hinduism, as an institution, offers very little to the poor and underprivileged within its fold. This is one of the prime reasons for voluntary conversion of Hindus from among its members. B.R. Ambedkar and A.R. Rahman provide poignant examples of how lack of education and health facilities for the underprivileged within its fold, respectively, led to their conversion. This can be countered by a movement to provide large-scale quality health [hospitals/PHCs] and educational [schools/colleges]...

Introduction to Eastern Philosophy, Social Studies: 6414.23.

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Payne, Judy Reeder

Major Eastern philosophies and/or religions consisting of Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, and Shintoism are investigated by 10th through 12th grade students in this general social studies quinmester course. Since Eastern philosophical ideas are already influencing students, this course aims to guide students in a universal search for…

Religious aspects of assisted reproduction

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Sallam, HN; Sallam, NH

2016-01-01

Abstract Human response to new developments regarding birth, death, marriage and divorce is largely shaped by religious beliefs. When assisted reproduction was introduced into medical practice in the last quarter of the twentieth century, it was fiercely attacked by some religious groups and highly welcomed by others. Today, assisted reproduction is accepted in nearly all its forms by Judaism, Hinduism and Buddhism, although most Orthodox Jews refuse third party involvement. On the contrary assisted reproduction is totally unacceptable to Roman Catholicism, while Protestants, Anglicans, Coptic Christians and Sunni Muslims accept most of its forms, which do not involve gamete or embryo donation. Orthodox Christians are less strict than Catholic Christians but still refuse third party involvement. Interestingly, in contrast to Sunni Islam, Shi’a Islam accepts gamete donation and has made provisions to institutionalize it. Chinese culture is strongly influenced by Confucianism, which accepts all forms of assisted reproduction that do not involve third parties. Other communities follow the law of the land, which is usually dictated by the religious group(s) that make(s) the majority of that specific community. The debate will certainly continue as long as new developments arise in the ever-evolving field of assisted reproduction. PMID:27822349

Between Buddhism and Science, Between Mind and Body

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Geoffrey Samuel

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Buddhism has been seen, at least since the Theravāda reform movements of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, as particularly compatible with Western science. The recent explosion of Mindfulness therapies have strengthened this perception. However, the 'Buddhism' which is being brought into relation with science in the context of the Mindfulness movement has already undergone extensive rewriting under modernist influences, and many of the more critical aspects of Buddhist thought and practice are dismissed or ignored. The Mind and Life Institute encounters, under the patronage of His Holiness the Dalai Lama, present a different kind of dialogue, in which a Tibetan Buddhism which is only beginning to undergo modernist rewriting confronts Western scientists and scholars on more equal terms. However, is the highly sophisticated but radically other world of Tantric thought really compatible with contemporary science? In this article I look at problem areas within the dialogue, and suggest that genuine progress is most likely to come if we recognise the differences between Buddhist thought and contemporary science, and take them as an opportunity to rethink scientific assumptions.

Buddhism on the Border: Shan Buddhism and Transborder Migration in Northern Thailand

OpenAIRE

Murakami, Tadayoshi

2012-01-01

This paper examines the transformation of Shan Buddhism in the border area of Northern Thailand. Shan and other ethnic groups have a long history of migration between Northern Thailand and the Shan State of Myanmar; the migration continued even after the border was demarcated at the end of the nineteenth century. Recently, the migration has become unidirectional--from Myanmar to Thailand-- and the number of migrants is growing steadily. An anomalous situation exists in this area: a fluid bord...

Practical and Theoretical interactions of Buddhism and Psychiatry : a view from the West.

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Osborne, Thomas R.; Bhugra, Dinesh

2003-01-01

One of the greatest religions in the world. Buddhism and its tenets have been used for understanding the pain and human emotions. Using these tenets social and psychological development of the individuals can be encouraged.They key constructs of Buddhism can be employed in cognitive therapy. In this paper we provide an overview of the key principles embedded in Buddhism and also place these in the context of Western concepts of psychotherapy. We link the Buddhist concepts with anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorders, addictions and chronic illness. PMID:21206843

Conceptions and Misconceptions about "Western Buddhism": Issues and Approaches for the Classroom

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Berkwitz, Stephen C.

2004-01-01

This article responds to the exponential growth in academic textbooks on Western or American Buddhism by arguing that popular trade books written by Buddhist teachers in the West make more effective tools for teaching and learning about the growth of Buddhism in western societies. The use of such texts in the classroom provides students with…

An explanation and analysis of how world religions formulate their ethical decisions on withdrawing treatment and determining death.

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Setta, Susan M; Shemie, Sam D

2015-03-11

This paper explores definitions of death from the perspectives of several world and indigenous religions, with practical application for health care providers in relation to end of life decisions and organ and tissue donation after death. It provides background material on several traditions and explains how different religions derive their conclusions for end of life decisions from the ethical guidelines they proffer. Research took several forms beginning with a review of books and articles written by ethicists and observers of Bön, Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Indigenous Traditions, Islam, Judaism, Shinto and Taoism. It then examined sources to which these authors referred in footnotes and bibliographies. In addition, material was gathered through searches of data bases in religious studies, general humanities, social sciences and medicine along with web-based key word searches for current policies in various traditions. Religious traditions provide their adherents with explanations for the meaning and purpose of life and include ethical analysis for the situations in which their followers find themselves. This paper aims to increase cultural competency in practitioners by demonstrating the reasoning process religions use to determine what they believe to be the correct decision in the face of death. Patterns emerge in the comparative study of religious perspectives on death. Western traditions show their rootedness in Judaism in their understanding of the human individual as a finite, singular creation. Although the many branches of Western religions do not agree on precisely how to determine death, they are all able to locate a moment of death in the body. In Eastern traditions personhood is not defined in physical terms. From prescribing the location of death, to resisting medical intervention and definitions of death, Eastern religions, in their many forms, incorporate the beliefs and practices that preceded them. Adding to the complexity for these

From Religious to Social Conversion: How Muslim Scholars Conceived of the "Rites de Passage" from Hinduism to Islam in Seventeenth-Century South Asia

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Khalfaoui, Mouez

2011-01-01

The common understanding of Islam tends to consider religious conversion as a matter of individual and rational belief and consisting, first and foremost, of attesting to the oneness of God ("shahada"). In this paper I argue that divergences exist among schools of Islamic Law concerning the modes and types of conversion. Contrary to…

Education Course Syllabus Development, Thai Language Major According to Buddhism Way of Thailand

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Waree, Chaiwat

2016-01-01

This research aims to develop Education Course Syllabus, Thai language major, according to Buddhism way of Thailand by using Taba's Approach and to evaluate the efficiency of Education Course Syllabus, Thai language major, according to Buddhism way of Thailand. This research was conducted according to research and development format and its…

The Path to attain al-Fana’ in Islam and Buddhism

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Masitoh Ahmad

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Quran is a primary resource for Islamic scientists and researchers. As a divine revelation of heaven and the source of legislation, it guides towards "sirat al-mustaqim”. The holy Quran dominates the work of great writers and scholars and has attracted their minds with the finest literary features which have been embarked in the study and have dived into the secrets, in "aagash of Quran” by Shykh Abdul Al-Qahir El-Gorjani. This study examined the miraculous Quran in Risalah Syafiah. He thwarted those who said (purely the eloquence of Quran is non-miraculous, Even the KufrQuraisy could not perform or create Quran because Allah swt has blocked their hearts and their indictment to say that Quran is eloquence and rhetoric. This research has emphasized on "aaghash” (miracle or extraordinary in "Risalah Syafiah” of Abdul Al-Qahir El-Gorjani, trying to explain general matters and El-Gorjani’s theory about "aaghash”, in which could be summarized that defy ‘purely’, as the main topic to be discussed. This research emphasized one of the topics related with a citation from the Quran (nas in which could be developed and most valuable. Hence, in comparison between Al-Jurjaani opinion and Abd Al-Jabbar’s opinion is to determine that Abd El-Jabbar had influenced El-Gorjani for his view and theory about "purely”.

Hinduism: A Unit for Junior High and Middle School Social Studies Classes.

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Galloway, Louis J.

As an introduction and explanation of the historical development, major concepts, beliefs, practices, and traditions of Hinduism, this teaching unit provides a course outline for class discussion and activities for reading the classic epic, "The Ramayana." The unit requires 10 class sessions and utilizes slides, historical readings,…

Matriarchy, Buddhism, and food security in Sanephong, Thailand.

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Sirisai, Solot; Chotiboriboon, Sinee; Sapsuwan, Charana; Tantivatanasathien, Praiwan; Setapun, Nuchjaree; Duangnosan, Prangtong; Thongkam, Nattapach; Chuangyanyong, Sasiwimon

2017-11-01

Sanephong is a matriarchal Karen community located in western Thailand. The community benefits greatly from the availability of local foods, such as cereals, tubers, wild vegetables, mushrooms, fruits, and animals. In the first phase of this project, 387 distinct local foods were identified, which were shown to be good sources of energy, protein, and vitamins. Despite the availability of a variety of nutritious local foods, the majority of households surveyed expressed concern over a decline in local foods due to changing socio-economic and environmental conditions. This study used a qualitative research approach to look at the dual influences of matriarchy and Buddhism on food security in the community. Through this approach, matriarchal values central to the community were adopted as a framework; these included care, consensus, collaboration, and cosmological respect. In Sanephong, women are central to life in the community, and matriarchal cultural practices reflect a nurturing spirit-for both the earth and family. The community practices Buddhism, which is very complementary to the matriarchal system. A type of gift economy within the Buddhist context, known as dhana, transfers food from the wealthy to the poor with no expectation of reciprocity. Consequently, matriarchy and Buddhism jointly promote food security in the community. Studies of matriarchal societies help society-at-large to understand the potential benefits of systems that contrast the current patriarchal paradigm. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Buddhism, the status of women and the spread of HIV/AIDS in Thailand.

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Klunklin, Areewan; Greenwood, Jennifer

2005-01-01

The common-sense construction of Buddhism is that of a general power for good; the less positive aspects of Buddhism's power, especially when reinforced by folklore and ancient superstition, is infrequently recognised. In this article we make explicit Buddhism's less positive power, particularly as it relates to the status of women and, by implication, its role in the human immunodeficiency (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic in Thailand. The Buddhist, folklore, and superstitious bases of Thai misogyny are explored, together with its expression in the differential gender roles of women and men. In addition, the attitudes of both women and men to commercial sex workers (CSWs) and condom use is discussed. The implications of these attitudinal analyses to the epidemiology of HIV/AIDS in Thailand is outlined. We argue that the current spread of HIV/AIDS in Thailand is primarily a function of the inferior status of women, which, in turn, is a function of Buddhism and Thai cultural beliefs. In light of this, some realistic strategies to address the problem also are discussed.

Japanese Rinzai Zen Buddhism

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Borup, Jørn

or "spiritual" aspects. This book investigates the contemporary living reality of the largest Japanese Rinzai Zen Buddhist group, Myōshinji. Drawing on textual studies and ethnographic fieldwork, Jørn Borup analyses how its practitioners use and understand their religion, how they practice their religiosity...... and how different kinds of Zen Buddhists (monks, nuns, priest, lay people) interact and define themselves within the religious organization. Living Zen portrays a living Zen Buddhism being both uniquely interesting and interestingly typical for common Buddhist and Japanese religiosity...

CONTEMPORARY ISLAMIC THOUGHT IN INDONESIAN AND MALAY WORLD: Islam Liberal, Islam Hadhari, and Islam Progresif

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Kamaruzzaman Bustamam-Ahmad

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Islam in Indonesian and Malay world is very much heterogenuous. Taking Islam Liberal, Islam Hadhari, and Islam Progresif as the subject of analysis, this article deals with the concepts Islam Liberal, Islam Hadhari, and Islam Progresif as products of the trends in Islamic thinking, the impact of these three interpretations of Islam in Malaysia and Indonesia, the similarities and dissimilarities between the three, and their future prospects in the region. It argues that the prominence of the debates surrounding the three currents of Islamic thought is the result of struggles for power and authority in Islamic discourse in the region. It further argues that the Indonesian-based Islam Liberal differs from the Malaysian-based Islam Hadhari in that it does not originate from government sources. Islam Progresif is more of an umbrella term referring to various strands of thought developed by Muslims opposed to the status quo. Although Islam Hadhari is a newly-coined term, it contains many elements in common with other schools of Islamic thought including Islam Liberal and neo-modernist Islam.

Hinduism and the Culture of India. Fulbright-Hays Summer Seminar Abroad 1994 (India).

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Winikur, Ilene

This packet contains sixth and seventh grade level interdisciplinary lesson outlines about India. Concepts to be developed include: (1) "Geography and Its Impact upon the Development of India's Different Cultures"; (2) "Religion and Philosophy Focusing on Hinduism and Festivals"; (3) "Literature using the Ramayana and…

China Report, Political, Sociological and Military Affairs, No. 413

Science.gov (United States)

1983-04-28

country, Taoism has had over 1,700 years of history, Islamism has had over 1,300 years of history while Catholicism and Christianity have developed...beliefs. The major religions that are practiced in the areas inhabited by minority nationalities are Buddhism, Islamism , Christianity, Catholicism...Shamanism, the East Pakistan religion, Taoism and the Orthodox Eastern Church. Among them, Buddhism has enjoyed nearly 2,000 years of history in our

Einstein Universe Revisited and End of Dark ERA

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Nurgaliev, Ildus S.

2015-01-01

Historically the earliest general relativistic cosmological solution was received by Einstein himself as homogenous, isotropic one. In accordance with European cosmology it was expected static. The Eternal Universe as scientific model is conflicting with the existed theological model of the Universe created by God, therefore, of the limited age. Christianity, younger Islam, older Judaism are based on creationism. Much older oriental traditions such us Hinduism and Buddhism are based on conceptions of eternal and cyclic Universe which are closer to scientific worldview. To have static universe Einstein needed a factor to counteract gravity and postulated cosmological term and considered it as a disadvantage of the theory. This aesthetic dissatisfaction was amplified by interpretation distance-redshift relationship as a cosmological expansion effect. Emerged scientific cosmological community (excluding Hubble himself - almost always) endorsed the concept of expanding Universe. At the same time, as it is shown in this report, a natural well known factors do exist to counteract gravity. They are inertial centrifugal and Coriolis forces finding their geometrical presentation in the relativity theory.

Controversies in faith and health care.

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Tomkins, Andrew; Duff, Jean; Fitzgibbon, Atallah; Karam, Azza; Mills, Edward J; Munnings, Keith; Smith, Sally; Seshadri, Shreelata Rao; Steinberg, Avraham; Vitillo, Robert; Yugi, Philemon

2015-10-31

Differences in religious faith-based viewpoints (controversies) on the sanctity of human life, acceptable behaviour, health-care technologies and health-care services contribute to the widespread variations in health care worldwide. Faith-linked controversies include family planning, child protection (especially child marriage, female genital mutilation, and immunisation), stigma and harm reduction, violence against women, sexual and reproductive health and HIV, gender, end-of-life issues, and faith activities including prayer. Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism, and traditional beliefs have similarities and differences in their viewpoints. Improved understanding by health-care providers of the heterogeneity of viewpoints, both within and between faiths, and their effect on health care is important for clinical medicine, public-health programmes, and health-care policy. Increased appreciation in faith leaders of the effect of their teachings on health care is also crucial. This Series paper outlines some faith-related controversies, describes how they influence health-care provision and uptake, and identifies opportunities for research and increased interaction between faith leaders and health-care providers to improve health care. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Growth Following Adversity: Positive Psychological Perspectives on Posttraumatic Stress

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Stephen Joseph

2009-12-01

Full Text Available The impact of traumatic events is well documented within the clinical psychology literature where it is recognized that people who experience traumatic events may go on to develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD. At first glance one might ask what the relevance of positive psychology is to the study of trauma. But a number of literatures and philosophies throughout human history have conveyed the idea that there is personal gain to be found in suffering. The observation that stressful and traumatic events can provoke positive psychological changes is also contained in the major religions of Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, and Judaism. Within existential philosophy and humanistic psychology it has also been recognized that positive changes can come about as a result of suffering. But it is only within the last decade that the topic of growth following adversity has become a focus for empirical work. In this paper I will provide an overview of the subject and the research we have conducted at the Centre for Trauma, Resilience, and Growth (CTRG.

The Jesuits: History’s Most Effective Special Operators

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2007-12-01

traders, Hindu, Hinduism, Buddhist, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism , proselyte, political influence, secular, religious, politics, foreign society...basic elements of personal existence as vocation, food , habitation, marriage, education, and every component of social interaction (Arumairaj in...up chairs, cots, shoes, hat, traveling on horseback, etc. It meant even cutting oneself off from his own brethren with regard to food , and to this

Teaching Liberal Arts Undergraduates about Hinduism Amid Theoretical and Political Contestation Today

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Fort, Andrew O.

2006-01-01

As the number of people of South Asian heritage in America has greatly increased over recent decades, the study and teaching of Hinduism has come under ever greater scrutiny. During this time, the number of students of Indian background has vastly increased in some schools in some parts of the United States. This increased presence and scrutiny…

The Art of Buddhism. A Teacher's Guide.

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Forsgren, Krista; Benskin, Elizabeth

While the art of Buddhism has an enduring tradition throughout Asia, this teaching guide focuses on the cultures of three countries in which the Smithsonian's Freer and Sackler Galleries' collections are particularly strong: India, China, and Japan. The guide identifies grade level appropriateness for some lessons and activities. It contains 15…

PERBANDINGAN SHALAT DAN LAKU MANEMBAH ALIRAN KEBATINAN PANGESTU DAN SUMARAH

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Rosmaria Syafariah Widjayanti

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Adherents of Islam on Java community can be distinguished by the adherents of Islam who are santri or abangan. Muslim santri are adherents of Islam are actually based on the Koran, while the abangan Islam is a follower of Islam that unites the elements of local cultural beliefs and previous pre-Hindu, Hindu Islamic beliefs. Adherents of this syncretic Islam due to the influence and dynamism animissme ancestor’s life and under the influence of Hinduism who entered the archipelago before the arrival of Islam.

Focus on Hinduism: Audio-Visual Resources for Teaching Religion. Occasional Publication No. 23.

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Dell, David; And Others

The guide presents annotated lists of audio and visual materials about the Hindu religion. The authors point out that Hinduism cannot be comprehended totally by reading books; thus the resources identified in this guide will enhance understanding based on reading. The guide is intended for use by high school and college students, teachers,…

Post-religional perspective and secular Buddhism: Stephen Batchelor and the post-metaphysical religion

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Leandro Durazzo

2015-04-01

Full Text Available This paper aims to present one of the contemporary trends on Buddhism, specially from the last decades in West, for its encounter with the globalized and dynamic context of present societies. This Buddhist trend, the progressive secularization of its traditions and practices, not to mention its increasing acceptance of historical-textual refutation, finds in Stephen Batchelor - a former monk in two different Buddhist traditions, Tibetan and Korean Zen - a catalyzer and a well-known advocate of secular perspective to the contemporary Buddhism. Here we will present the potential dialogue between the Secular Buddhism - besides the secularizing perspectives over orthodox cultural traditions - and the post-religional subject, as proposed by Marià Corbí and the Ecumenical Association of Third World Theologians. For the purposes of this paper we will focus on the modernizing and secular hermeneutics on Dharma practice, as defended by Stephen Batchelor and others.

The centuries-old dialogue between buddhism and christianity ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This article examines the pre-history of today's dialogue between Buddhists and Christians. Contrary to what one might think, pre-modern Europeans did have some understanding of Buddhism, however limited and distorted it might have been. Asians during the same period had a far better chance of understanding ...

Japanese psychoanalysis and Buddhism: the making of a relationship.

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Harding, Christopher

2014-06-01

This article explores the making of a relationship between Japanese psychoanalysis and Buddhism, in the life and work of Kosawa Heisaku. Kosawa did not work out the compatibility of psychoanalysis with Buddhism in abstract, theoretical terms; rather, he understood them as two different articulations of the same practical approach to living well. He saw this approach in action in the lives of Freud and Shinran, the latter a thirteenth-century Japanese Buddhist reformer. For Kosawa, both individuals exemplified the 'true religious state of mind', at the achievement of which Kosawa understood psychoanalytic psychotherapy as ideally aiming. This article uses newly available documentary and interview material to examine the historical dynamics both of Kosawa's work in this area and of the broader 'religion-psy dialogue' of which it is an early example. © The Author(s) 2014.

Life is uncertain. death is certain. Buddhism and palliative care.

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Masel, Eva K; Schur, Sophie; Watzke, Herbert H

2012-08-01

It is part of a palliative care assessment to identify patients' spiritual needs. According to Buddhism, suffering is inherent to all human beings. Advice on how suffering can be reduced in the course of serious illness might be helpful to patients with incurable and progressive diseases. Palliative care could benefit from Buddhist insights in the form of compassionate care and relating death to life. Buddhist teachings may lead to a more profound understanding of incurable diseases and offer patients the means by which to focus their minds while dealing with physical symptoms and ailments. This might not only be beneficial to followers of Buddhism but to all patients. Copyright © 2012 U.S. Cancer Pain Relief Committee. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Buddhism as a resource of “soft power” of China

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Tatyana Ivanovna Ponka

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Now the concept of “soft power” introduced by the American political scientist Joseph Nye Jr., is of particular interest in the theory of international relations. Among the Asian countries special attention paid to China, which currently has not only extensive economic and political resources, but also sources of non-power influence. In the article, the authors explore a concept as “Buddhist diplomacy” and its role in China's foreign policy activities. It also examined the historical formation of Buddhism and its development as a resource of “soft power” by way of the one of state Chinese religions that is part of the syncretic complex, along with Confucianism and Taoism, in different periods of Chinese civilization, from the pre-imperial period to the modern framework. In this study were examined the views of Russian and foreign experts on the directions and spheres of the definition of the “Buddhism diplomacy” and the peculiarities of its implementation by the Chinese government. This research based on the using on using the historical approach and general scientific methods, such as analysis, synthesis, deduction, etc. In the article, the authors revealed the current state of religion on the example of Buddhism in China's foreign policy strategy both on the world stage and at the regional level and main aspects within which Chinese Buddhist diplomacy is developing.

The Influence of Chinese Master Taixu on Buddhism in Vietnam

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Elise A. DeVido

2015-02-01

Full Text Available From the 1920s, Vietnamese Buddhist reformers revitalized their religion, inspired in great part by the Chinese monk Taixu’s blueprint to modernize and systematize sangha education and temple administration, and by his idea ofrenjian fojiao, “Buddhism for this world,” emphasizing the centrality of education, modern publishing, social work, and Buddhist lay groups to Buddhism’s future in the modern world. This article first discusses the Chinese Buddhist revival, then the activities of Buddhist reformers in Vietnam 1920s–60s, and the flows of Buddhist personnel and materials between Vietnam and China. This article explores how renjian fojiao was interpreted and realized in Vietnam, especially its influence upon Thich Nhat Hanh as he developed his ideas on “Engaged Buddhism.”

The Promised Savior in Pre-Islamic Great Religions

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Mahin Arab

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Since the ancient times the belief in the rise of the Reformer has been a fundamental principle. Many of the holy prophets have announced the advent of new prophet. Moreover in the announcements and indications of predecessors there are always allusions to "the Last Promised" and "the Savior of Last Days" under such titles as "Kalki", "Fifth Buddha", "Soshyans", "Messiah", "The Son of Man" and so on and so forth. Of course there are different types of belief in the last reformer in religions. In one place the Savior is merely a social reformer while in another place he is only after the spiritual salvation of people and even sometimes he undertakes both tasks. On the other hand, the Last Promised is once nationalist and once seeks to save the whole world.    This essay seeks to assay the views of pre-Islamic great religions including Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, Hinduism and Buddhism as to the Promised Savior. This essay is an analytico-descriptive research which has based itself on the first hand works comprising the sacred scriptures of religions and proceeds through the typological analyses of idea of the Promised in religions.    Zoroastrianism: the idea of the Promised has been tied to the notion of Soshyant. Generally speaking, this notion alludes to a group of people who periodically emerge at the end of every millennium of the last three millennia of world's age so as to uproot evil and renew the world, the last one of these reformers is Soshyans. According to the aforementioned typology, Zoroastrian idea of Last Savior is among the Promised who saves the whole world. Moreover Zoroastrian Promised cannot be declared only a social savior as he is not wholly detached from people's spirituality too. From another point of view, Zoroastrian idea of the Promised represents a universal and not nationalist savior who is relatively a human and not divine entity who emerges in the last millennium of world's age.    Judaism: in the

The Promised Savior in Pre-Islamic Great Religions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mahin Arab

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Since the ancient times the belief in the rise of the Reformer has been a fundamental principle. Many of the holy prophets have announced the advent of new prophet. Moreover in the announcements and indications of predecessors there are always allusions to "the Last Promised" and "the Savior of Last Days" under such titles as "Kalki", "Fifth Buddha", "Soshyans", "Messiah", "The Son of Man" and so on and so forth. Of course there are different types of belief in the last reformer in religions. In one place the Savior is merely a social reformer while in another place he is only after the spiritual salvation of people and even sometimes he undertakes both tasks. On the other hand, the Last Promised is once nationalist and once seeks to save the whole world.    This essay seeks to assay the views of pre-Islamic great religions including Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, Hinduism and Buddhism as to the Promised Savior. This essay is an analytico-descriptive research which has based itself on the first hand works comprising the sacred scriptures of religions and proceeds through the typological analyses of idea of the Promised in religions.    Zoroastrianism: the idea of the Promised has been tied to the notion of Soshyant. Generally speaking, this notion alludes to a group of people who periodically emerge at the end of every millennium of the last three millennia of world's age so as to uproot evil and renew the world, the last one of these reformers is Soshyans. According to the aforementioned typology, Zoroastrian idea of Last Savior is among the Promised who saves the whole world. Moreover Zoroastrian Promised cannot be declared only a social savior as he is not wholly detached from people's spirituality too. From another point of view, Zoroastrian idea of the Promised represents a universal and not nationalist savior who is relatively a human and not divine entity who emerges in the last millennium of world's age.    Judaism: in the

Buddhism-as-a-meaning-system for coping with late-life stress: a conceptual framework.

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Jianbin

2018-01-01

Religion is increasingly conceptualized as a meaning system for adjustment and coping. Most of the conceptualizations are grounded in the Judeo-Christian tradition. They may thus not be applicable to Buddhism, which provides a distinct tenor of meaning for coping. This article seeks to construct a conceptual framework of Buddhism-as-a-meaning-system for coping with late-life stress. Literature review and conceptualization were employed. Under this framework, Buddhism functions as a meaning system involving existential meaning, cognitive meaning, and behavioral meaning. There is reason to believe that this framework promises to offer a holistic conceptual map of Buddhist coping in late life. Thus, it could serve as a guide for further empirical and theoretical exploration in the uncharted terrains of Buddhist coping in old age. In addition, gerontological practitioners could use this framework as a frame of reference when working with elderly Buddhist clients who are in stressful circumstances.

Urgensi Psikologi Islam Dalam Pendidikan Islam

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Mubarak Mubarak

2017-11-01

Full Text Available This paper examines the urgency of Islamic Psychology in Islamic Education. Education and psychology cannot be separated, both have a very close relationship. Education is a long process to actualize all the potential of human self so that the potential of humanity to be actual. In terms of Islamic education is needed is Islamic Psychology, because humans have the potential of noble, namely fitrah and spirit that is not touchable in general psychology (West. Islamic education should have a psychological foundation that is insightful to Islam, in this case with a guide to the Qur'an and Hadith as its source, so that the end of the goal of Islamic education can be realized and create a plenary human (insan kamil. Islamic education psychology devotes attention to the behavior or behavior of those who engage in learning and teaching activities or those directly involved in the learning process. Islamic education psychology has two objects, namely: First, learners, ie individuals (individuals who are learning, including approaches, strategies, influencing factors and achievements achieved. Secondly, teachers (educators, those who are obliged or undertake teaching responsibilities, including methods, models, strategies, and others related to the activity of presenting Islamic education. Islamic education based on Islamic Psychology will produce human beings who have a potential base that is a qualified potential of physical, spiritual, and fitrah or better known as jismiah, nafsiah and ruhaniah.

BENTUK ISLAM FAKTUAL: KARAKTER DAN TIPOLOGI ISLAM INDONESIA

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Irham Yuwanamu

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Artikel ini berupaya menjelaskan terkait dengan Islam faktual sebagai keniscayaan yang terjadi kepada umat Islam. Bahwasanya Islam faktual merupakan bentuk keberagamaan umat muslim di dunia yang dapat dipengaruhi oleh latar sosial dan budaya masyarakat. Islam faktual dapat terjadi perbedaan di antara umat muslim yang satu dengan yang lainnya. Dalam artikel ini Islam faktual yang menjadi kajian adalah Islam Indonesia. Pertanyaan yang ingin dijawab adalah bagaimana karakter dan tipologi Islam Indonesia? Kesimpulan yang ditemukannya, bahwa karakter Islam Indonesia adalah wasatiyah dan tipologinya adalah akomodatif dengan sosio-kultur di masyarakat. Kemudian tipologi yang dikemukakan oleh Clifford Geertz dalam hal ini sudah tidak relevan lagi, khususnya untuk menggambarkan Islam Jawa sebagai contoh Islam Indonesia. Selanjutnya era kontemporer ini Islam Indonesia sebagian kecil mengalami pergeseran orientasi ke arah Islam transnasional, yakni Islam yang bermanhaj salafi. Artikel ini merupakan sebuah kajian literatur yang menggunakan bahan-bahan hasil penelitian terkait dengan tema yang menjadi objek kajian.    This article efforts to explain the associated with Islam factual as a necessity that happened to the Muslims. That Islam factual is a form of religious Muslims in the world who could be affected by the social and cultural background. Islam factual can occur differences between Muslims with each other. In this article the Islam factual  become to be studied is Islam Indonesian. Questions to be answered is how the characters and the typology of Indonesian Islam? The conclusion that the discovery, that the character of Islam Indonesian is wasatiyah and typology is accommodating to the socio-culture in society. Then typology proposed by Clifford Geertz in this case was no longer relevant, particularly to describe Islam Java as an example. Furthermore, this contemporary era Islam Indonesian in part experienced a shift in orientation toward

Transformasi Sinkretisma Indonesia dan Karya Seni Islam

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I Gede Arya Sucitra

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Tulisan ini membahas aspek sosio-historis dan pencapaian kebudayaan pada masa peradaban seni (rupa Hindu dan Islam di Indonesia, perkembangan terkini seni rupa kontemporer Islami, dan karya seni KH. M. Fuad Riyadi, seniman dan Kyai Kontemporer yang aktif sebagai pelaku kesenian dalam seni sastra, musik dan seni rupa. Karya seni selalu merupakan cerminan pengamatan serta perasaan dan pikiran pembuatnya. Karya seni terlahir dari proses pergulatan panjang yang kompleks atas berbagai unsur kebudayaan yang saling mempengaruhi. Pada tahapan ini terjadilah transformasi budaya melalui proses sinkretisasi yang membentuk tradisi seni di Indonesia sesuai dengan peranan unsur budaya terutama persentuhan dengan agama yang datang dari luar. Tulisan ini dikaji melalui studi sejarah, transformasi budaya dan estetika. Berdasarkan penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa karya seni yang diciptakan seniman tidak berdiri sendiri atas nafas tunggal konsep dan dogtrin agama namun sudah dielaborasi dengan kebutuhan budaya setempat serta local genius masyarakat yang ditempati.   This paper is intended to discuss the socio-historical aspect and the cultural achievement of the civilization of Hinduism and Islamic fine art in Indonesia, the updated development of Islamic contemporary fine art, and the artwork of KH. M. Fuad Riyadi, artists and contemporary mufti who are active as art doers of literary art, music, and fine art. The artwork is always a reflection of the observations and feelings and thoughts of the author. The artwork was born by the long struggle of complex processes on various cultural elements which influenced to each other. At this stage there was a cultural transformation through the process of syncretization which formed a tradition of art in Indonesia in accordance with the role of cultural elements, especially the contiguity with the religion coming from the outside. This paper was analyzed through the historical study, cultural and aesthetics

Religious views of the 'medical' rehabilitation model: a pilot qualitative study.

Science.gov (United States)

Yamey, Gavin; Greenwood, Richard

2004-04-22

To explore the religious beliefs that patients may bring to the rehabilitation process, and the hypothesis that these beliefs may diverge from the medical model of rehabilitation. Qualitative semi-structured interviews with representatives of six major religions--Islam, Buddhism, Christianity, Judaism, Sikhism, and Hinduism. Representatives were either health care professionals or religious leaders, all with an interest in how their religion approached health issues. There were three recurrent themes in the interviews: religious explanations for injury and illness; beliefs about recovery; religious duties of care towards family members. The Buddhist, Sikh, and Hindu interviewees described beliefs about karma--unfortunate events happening due to a person's former deeds. Fatalistic ideas, involving God having control over an individual's recovery, were expressed by the Muslim, Jewish, and Christian interviewees. All interviewees expressed the fundamental importance of a family's religious duty of care towards ill or injured relatives, and all expressed some views that were compatible with the medical model of rehabilitation. Religious beliefs may both diverge from and resonate with the medical rehabilitation model. Understanding these beliefs may be valuable in facilitating the rehabilitation of diverse religious groups.

Religiously Integrated Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: A New Method of Treatment for Major Depression in Patients With Chronic Medical Illness

Science.gov (United States)

Pearce, Michelle J.; Koenig, Harold G.; Robins, Clive J.; Nelson, Bruce; Shaw, Sally F.; Cohen, Harvey J.; King, Michael B.

2015-01-01

Intervention studies have found that psychotherapeutic interventions that explicitly integrate clients’ spiritual and religious beliefs in therapy are as effective, if not more so, in reducing depression than those that do not for religious clients. However, few empirical studies have examined the effectiveness of religiously (vs. spiritually) integrated psychotherapy, and no manualized mental health intervention had been developed for the medically ill with religious beliefs. To address this gap, we developed and implemented a novel religiously integrated adaptation of cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT) for the treatment of depression in individuals with chronic medical illness. This article describes the development and implementation of the intervention. First, we provide a brief overview of CBT. Next, we describe how religious beliefs and behaviors can be integrated into a CBT framework. Finally, we describe Religiously Integrated Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (RCBT), a manualized therapeutic approach designed to assist depressed individuals to develop depression-reducing thoughts and behaviors informed by their own religious beliefs, practices, and resources. This treatment approach has been developed for 5 major world religions (Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, and Hinduism), increasing its potential to aid the depressed medically ill from a variety of religious backgrounds. PMID:25365155

A Dialogue on Menstrual Taboo

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Manju Kaundal

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Today in the 21st century, we may boast of gender equality and women empowerment but the truth is somewhat implausible. Today women may have excelled in many spheres of life but, somewhere, she is still struggling to get out of her veil. In the name of tradition a women is always told to follow the rules what the society has set for her. A look at major religions of the world shows that, without exception, they have placed restrictions on menstruating women. Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism and Buddhism have all made statements about menstruation and its negative effect, leading to prohibitions about attending places of worship, cooking, physical intimacy and sometimes requiring women to live separately at this time. Present paper is a compilation of the information available on the menstrual taboo and various practices regarding it. For this extensive search was done on internet along with personal observations. The present study is carried out in order to provoke the need for increased research on the psychosocial aspects of menstruation by exploring the attitudes of society toward this monthly event.

Erich Fromm's Involvement With Zen Buddhism: Psychoanalysts and the Spiritual Quest in Subsequent Decades.

Science.gov (United States)

Roland, Alan

2017-08-01

The first section of this paper covers Erich Fromm's profound involvement with Zen Buddhism, culminating in his co-authoring the book Zen Buddhism and Psychoanalysis in 1960. It details why this was a groundbreaking endeavor, as it countered the pervasive psychoanalytic denigration of spiritual traditions, practices, and experiences. The second section describes the effect of Fromm's Zen Buddhism and Psychoanalysis on the author of this paper, as he came to clinical psychology and psychoanalysis from involvement in Indian philosophy. The third section is a case study of a spiritually advanced Hindu woman seen in intensive short-term psychoanalytic therapy in Bombay, describing the interface of the spiritual with psychoanalytic therapy. The fourth section explains what eventually led to a sea change in psychoanalytic attitudes toward spiritual traditions and practices, with a small but significant group of psychoanalysts becoming involved in one or another spiritual practice, and working with patients also so involved.

[How does Hinduism analyze an ethical clinical dilemma].

Science.gov (United States)

Samtani B, Suraj; Jadue Z, Mariana; Beca I, Juan Pablo

2009-11-01

It is indispensable for physicians to understand and recognize the fusion of different cultures, to deliver the best possible service to patients with different cultural backgrounds, especially when ethical-medical problems are involved. The Hindu community in Chile differs in significant ways with the western culture. This is especially true for some issues such as the belief in reincarnation or gender inequality, among others. These discrepancies can be relevant for the analysis of several bioethical problems. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the different beliefs, traditions and Hindu visions. We hereby present a review of Hinduism, its relation with medical practice and, as an example, a case of abortion in a Hindu family. Reviewing the traditions, beliefs and methods will help to understand and respect the beliefs of different cultures in contemporary and globalized bioethics.

Islam Pribumi Versus Islam Otentik (Dialektika Islam Universal Dengan Partikularitas Budaya Lokal)

OpenAIRE

Susanto, Edi

2012-01-01

Tulisan ini berusaha menyajikan lanskap dialektika Islam dengan dimensi lokalitas budaya. Secara dikhotomik, kemudian dimunculkan konsep Islam Pribumi dan Islam otentik dengan segala karakteristik dan implikasinya. Islam pribumi dengan karakteristik ramah lingkungan dan memainkan “politik garam” yang tidak tampak namun menyatu-bersenyawa dengan budaya yang dihinggapinya dan Islam otentik dengan karakteristik “khas Arab” dan memainkan “politik bendera” yang sangat menonjolkan superioritas-he...

Islamic Worldview: Landasan Membangun Islamic Management Model

OpenAIRE

Juliandi, Azuar; Muhyarsyah

2017-01-01

The purpose of this research to explore the principles of the Islamic worldview from various sources of Islamic knowledge. The principles useful for developing a further model of Islamic management. The exploratory research is an approach of this research. The majority of the data collected from various Islamic knowledge resources, among others the Qur'an, Hadith, Islamic scholars' thought and the results of research of Islamic scholars around the world. The meta-synthesis used to analyze th...

Reincarnation in America: A Brief Historical Overview

OpenAIRE

Lee Irwin

2017-01-01

American theories of reincarnation have a long and complex history, dating from 1680s to the present. It is the purpose of this paper to highlight the main currents of reincarnation theory in the American context, giving a brief historical survey. Sources surveyed begin with Native American traditions, and then move to immigrant traditions based in Western Esotericism, Christianity, Judaism, missionary Hinduism and Buddhism, Spiritualism, Theosophy, Rosicrucianism, and concludes with more cur...

The Concept of Sacrifice in Christianity and in Hinduism: A Comparative Study

OpenAIRE

Kolamkuzhyyil, Thomas Mathew

2016-01-01

Every religion is something good. In this dissertation the author tries to discover some similarities in both the Christianity and Hinduism. Both the religions are good in themselves. India is a country with multi religious cultures and differences. They exist side by side. They have something unique to offer to the society. The goal of the research and study of the author is to bring out some converging points in both the religions where we can meet together and dialogue with each other. ...

Building More Solid Bridges between Buddhism and Western Psychology

Science.gov (United States)

Sugamura, Genji; Haruki, Yutaka; Koshikawa, Fusako

2007-01-01

Introducing the ways of cultivating mental balance, B. A. Wallace and S. L. Shapiro attempted to build bridges between Buddhism and psychology. Their systematic categorization of Buddhist teachings and extensive review of empirical support from Western psychology are valuable for future study. However, it remains a matter of concern that some more…

How Is Buddhism Relevant to Career Counseling in an International High School in Hong Kong? A Counsellor's Reflection

Science.gov (United States)

Ng, Vinci; Yuen, Mantak

2015-01-01

This paper reflects upon the relevance of Buddhism to counselling in general and to career counseling in particular by discussing a program implemented at an international school in Hong Kong. The authors provide an analysis of the pertinent literature related to relevant concepts within Buddhism. This topic has not yet been adequately researched…

Siddartha: An Introduction to Buddhism and Hinduism Yesterday and Today.

Science.gov (United States)

Mooney, Edward L.

This three-week unit in world literature for 11th grade, average-ability students was developed as part of a series by the Public Education Religion Studies Center at Wright State University. An outline of the unit's content and subject matter is given. The novel "Siddhartha" is studied in its Hindu and Buddhist religious and cultural…

Climate change, economics and Buddhism. Part 2. New views and practices for sustainable world economies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Daniels, Peter L.

2010-01-01

The evidence of impending and serious climate and other consequences of an expanding world economy based on fossil carbon energy continues to accumulate. This two-part paper examines the potential contribution of the world view and insights of Buddhism to this search. It presents both a conceptual and practical case that Buddhism can help shape and move towards an alternative and effective paradigmatic basis for sustainable economies - one capable of bringing about and maintaining genuine, high welfare levels across the world's societies. The first paper outlined a comprehensive analytical framework to identify the fundamental nature of anthropogenic climate change. Based on the integration of two of the most influential environmental analysis tools of recent decades (the DPSIR model and IPAT equation), the framework was then broadened to facilitate ideas from the Buddhist world view by injecting two key missing aspects - the interrelated role of (1) beliefs and values (on goals and behavior) and (2) the nature of well-being or human happiness. Finally, the principal linkages between this climate change analysis framework and Buddhism were explored. In this concluding paper, the systems framework is used to demonstrate how Buddhist and related world views can feed into appropriate and effective responses to the impending challenges of climate change. This is undertaken by systematically presenting a specific, if indicative, list of relevant strategies informed by the understanding of interconnectedness and other basic principles about the nature of reality and human well-being as proposed in Buddhism. (author)

Climate change, economics and Buddhism. Part 2. New views and practices for sustainable world economies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Daniels, Peter L. [Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Brisbane, 4111 (Australia)

2010-03-15

The evidence of impending and serious climate and other consequences of an expanding world economy based on fossil carbon energy continues to accumulate. This two-part paper examines the potential contribution of the world view and insights of Buddhism to this search. It presents both a conceptual and practical case that Buddhism can help shape and move towards an alternative and effective paradigmatic basis for sustainable economies - one capable of bringing about and maintaining genuine, high welfare levels across the world's societies. The first paper outlined a comprehensive analytical framework to identify the fundamental nature of anthropogenic climate change. Based on the integration of two of the most influential environmental analysis tools of recent decades (the DPSIR model and IPAT equation), the framework was then broadened to facilitate ideas from the Buddhist world view by injecting two key missing aspects - the interrelated role of (1) beliefs and values (on goals and behavior) and (2) the nature of well-being or human happiness. Finally, the principal linkages between this climate change analysis framework and Buddhism were explored. In this concluding paper, the systems framework is used to demonstrate how Buddhist and related world views can feed into appropriate and effective responses to the impending challenges of climate change. This is undertaken by systematically presenting a specific, if indicative, list of relevant strategies informed by the understanding of interconnectedness and other basic principles about the nature of reality and human well-being as proposed in Buddhism. (author)

ORIENTALISMO NA POESIA DE CECÍLIA MEIRELES

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Soraya Borges Costa

2010-06-01

Full Text Available The amplitude of Cecília Meireles’ imaginariness gathers, besides the western culture, also the eastern culture which is noticed by the connection with the Indian philosophy. Her humanist perspective attempts an ethical interweave in her poetry which is inspired by the conceptions of permanentness spread out by both Eastern mainstream Buddhism and Hinduism. Through these bases this study investigates the Eastern substrate in the symbolic constellation of some poems of Metal rosicler.

Chaplaincy at a Crossroads: Fundamentalist Chaplains in a Pluralistic Army

Science.gov (United States)

2011-03-03

different light. The pluralistic nature of the military community, with its very broad base of faith and cultural backgrounds, makes it a virtual minefield...Buddhism, Hinduism —in the changing world.”13 Despite the broader use by some scholars today, in this paper the author‟s use of the term “fundamentalist...While there are points of agreement among members of all three groups, there are also many points of contention. These differences have been a source

Measuring Islamic Business Ethics Within Indonesia Islamic Banks

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Gusti Ngurah Oka Widana

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The business characteristic of Islamic banks is the implementation of Islamic business ethics. Parallel with the trend of increasing preference to ethical institution, Islamic banks should put this as its competitive edge toward its competitor conventional competitor banks. However, only few previous studies discussed about the implementation of Islamic business ethics within Islamic banks and none suggested how to measure such implementation. This paper is a study of the literature on ethics and Islamic business ethics as the first step in developing a measurement tool of Islamic business ethics implementation within Islamic banks. This paper synthesizes the dimensions of Islamic business ethics that is excavated from the Quran and Sunna, being proposed by previous studies. There are seven dimensions, namely unity of God, benevolence, justice and equity, sincere, equilibrium, trusteeship and responsibility. Subsequently, this paper outlines these dimensions into 21 items. The opportunity of future empirical study is recommended at the end of this paper.

Buddhism and Ecology: A Virtue Ethics Approach

OpenAIRE

Keown, Damien V.

2007-01-01

Introduction: Whether Buddhism has a compelling ecological dimension or not has been a much discussed question in recent years. I think I should put my cards on the table at the outset and say that I count myself among the sceptics in this respect. I see little evidence that the Buddha or his followers, at least down to modern times, have been greatly concerned with questions of ecology. If anything, there is more evidence of a negative presupposition about the value and status of the natural...

ORIENTALISME, LIBERALISME ISLAM, DAN PENGEMBANGAN STUDI ISLAM DI IAIN

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Ahwan Fanani

2007-06-01

Full Text Available The recent development of Islamic Studies in IAIN (The State Institute for Islamic Studies shows a trend to combine Islamic studies based on traditional approaches and methods with that employed in Western universities or orientalism. The trend is promoted by Indonesian scholar graduates from Western Universities, and results in the growth of Islamic liberalism. To some Islamic revivalism advocates, the trend is considered misleading, and IAIN with its lecturers pursuing studies in Western universities are accused to be agents of Islamic liberalism in Indonesia. Contrarily, some Islamic scholars see the trend as a bright future for development of Islamic studies in Indonesia. The situation puts IAIN in a dilemma either to keep on traditional approaches and methods or to adopt deliberately new ones coming from Western tradition. In my opinion, IAIN should apply them both and combine them to promote better future of Islamic studies in Indonesia.

Review Essay: Mortuary Practices, Buddhism, and Family Relations in Japanese Society

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Nam-lin Hur

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Mark Rowe. Bonds of the Dead: Temples, Burial, and the Transformation of Contemporary Japanese Buddhism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011. 256 pp. $91 (cloth, $29 (paper.Satsuki Kawano. Nature’s Embrace: Japan’s Aging Urbanites and New Death Rites. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2010. 232 pp. $47 (cloth, $27 (paper.In Bonds of the Dead, Mark Rowe, who focuses on “the grave as the center of the ancestral orbit” in Japanese mortuary practices, observes that, due to the gradual loss of its gravitational pull, “the economic and social bedrock of temple Buddhism in Japan has eroded to the point where even its continued existence is publicly called into question” (222. Here, Rowe speaks to the decline of what is commonly known as the danka system. In contrast, in Nature’s Embrace, Satsuki Kawano finds that the dominance of Buddhist death-related rituals couched in the tradition of the danka system remains by and large intact...

Introduction

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Jana S. ROŠKER

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Spirituality plays a significant role in shaping the cohesion of communities, their values, and their structures across the globe. Various religious practices and ideational systems are particularly complex in Asia. Home to some of the world major spiritual traditions such as Hinduism and Buddhism, Daoism and Confucianism, as well as to a relevant number of practicing Christians, Muslims, and self-identified atheists and agnostics, Asia provides us with an intense and extraordinarily rich tapestry of different religious and spiritual practices...

Asymmetrical Religious Commitments?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Aktor, Mikael

2015-01-01

The starting point of this article is the observation that more scholars of Buddhism seem to be engaged in Buddhist practices than their colleagues in the study of Hinduism are engaged in Hindu practices. It aims to examine this observation more closely and discuss the involved problematics in a ...... that are inherited from the modernization of both religions in their transition to the Western world. How far a religiously engaged scholarship is acceptable or not is finally discussed at the institutional level....

Personal identity and eastern thought

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Correia Carlos João

2009-01-01

Full Text Available This paper aims to show that the problem of personal identity is a fundamental question of the classical Indian thought. Usually we tend to think that personal identity is a Western philosophical subject, and so we tend to forget the significance of the Self (Atman in Hinduism and even in Buddhism. The author shows how the Indian thought approached the question of personal identity and which was the singular solution outlined in the work consensually attributed to Gotama, the Buddha.

STUDY ON THE PHILOSOPHY AND ARCHITECTURE OF ZEN BUDDHISM IN JAPAN : On syncretism religion and monastery arrangement plan

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Antariksa Antariksa

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Zen Buddhism was introduced to China in the sixth century. After going through a long process in China, finally Zen came to Japan in the thirteenth century brought by Japanese monks. A unique spiritual genius one of the greatest epoch-making events in the history of mankind, which in the course of time has come to enrich the human mind over many centuries. During the process of spreading of Zen Buddhism there were influences experienced by two Chinese great religions, Tao and Confucian. This study will discuss the philosophy and architectural aspects of the Zen monastery arrangement plan. Zen Buddhism is syncretism from Taoism and Confucianism.The layout plan of the Zen monastery temple principally was placed on a single axis and facing south. The typical layout plan was borrowed from the architecture of the Chinese monastery.

KAMPUNG SENI ISLAM DI MAKASSAR DENGAN PENDEKATAN ARSITEKTUR ISLAM GEOMETRI

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Yaumil Maghfirah Asaf

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Abstrak— Makassar sebagai pusat pertumbuhan dan perkembangan di wilayah Timur Indonesia dengan penduduk yang mayoritas agama Islam, membutuhkan wadah yang dapat dijadikan tempat penyaluran bakat seninya khususnya seni Islam, yang bertujuan untuk membangkitkan girah (semangat umat Islam untuk mengembangkan seni yang bernafaskan Islam, melestarikannya, memperkenalkan, dan mendidik masyarakat dengan seni. Kampung Seni Islam di Makassar yang dapat mewadahi kebutuhan seniman untuk menyalurkan dan mengembangkan kreativitasnya. Kemampuan seperti itulah yang diharapkan dapat menghasilkan sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas dan memiliki intergritas dalam karya yang dihasilkan. Sehingga dapat diakui oleh lokal maupun internasional. Pendekatan yang digunakan pada bangunan Kampung Seni Islam adalah Arsitektur Islam Geometri. Geometri adalah salah satu cabang Matematika yang mempelajari tentang titik, garis, bidang dan benda-benda ruang beserta sifat-sifatnya, ukuran-ukurannya, dan hubungannya antara yang satu dengan yang lain. Arsiterktur Islam lebih menggunakan pola-pola berbentuk garis, lingkaran dan pola geometri lainnya yang tersusun membentuk satu-kesatuan yang mengandung makna spiritualis dan memiliki nilai estetika atau keindahan tingkat tinggi. kesenian Islam tampak adanya hubungan geometri yang kompleks, antara bentuk, ornamen, dan fasad. Kata Kunci : Kampung Seni Islam, Arsitektur Islam Geometri Abstract—Makassar as a center of growth and development in Eastern Indonesia with the majority religion of Islam, need a container that can be used as a distribution of artistic talent, especially Islamic art, which aims to raise Girah (spirit Muslims to develop art that Islam breath, preserve, introduced and educate the public with art. Islamic Art in Kampung Makassar that can accommodate the needs of artists to distribute and develop their creativity. Ability like that are expected to produce qualified human resources and have the integrity in the

Maritime Security and the Strait of Malacca: A Strategic Analysis

Science.gov (United States)

2006-06-16

Indian populations. Its major religions are Taoism , Buddhism, Islam , and Christianity. Singapore is a parliamentary republic with a unicameral...population, ethnic Islamic Malays were keen to join the Federation. However, ethnic Chinese and indigenous Sabah and Sarawak peoples held little affinity...languages. The Javanese are the primary power holders within the nation. As stated previously, Islam is the major religion and is practiced by

An encounter between critical Buddhism and Asian naturalism: can Asian naturalism be a tool in overcoming social discrimination?

OpenAIRE

Jeidong RYU

2016-01-01

Can their support of Asian naturalism be justified without any reserve? Some scholars of critical Buddhism movement, including Hakamaya Noriaki and Matsumoto Shiro, caution the danger of blindly supporting Asian Naturalism. Critical Buddhism movement began in Japan around the middle of 1980s, criticizing the social discrimination against oppressed people in Japan, and ascribing the cause of such discrimination to the idea of ‘a holistic harmony’ in Japan. According to Hakamaya Noriaki and Mat...

The Analysis of Confucian Followers’ Understanding of Gods in Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism in Bangka Island - Indonesia

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Sugiato Lim

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Indonesia is a multi-ethnic, multi-culture, and multi-faith country. This piece of land combines a lot of ethnic elements into one. For example, Confucianism in Indonesia is combination of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism characteristic in many ways. Aim of this paper is to find out the features of Confucianism as a religion or a belief for its followers in Bangka. In addition, this paper also focuses on finding out the followers view towards their Gods in their perspectives. In this article, classification of Gods in Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism is presented based on direct social observation. In this paper, analysis of Confucian followers understanding towards Gods in Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism in Bangka Island Indonesia is presented respectively. In conclusion, characteristics of these three religions have blended perfectly and there is no more distinction in Confucius, Buddhist or Taoism Gods in Confucian followers’ community in Bangka Island. 

Introduction to "Islam in China/China in Islam"

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Matthew S. Erie

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Rather than China versus Islam, the overarching theme of this special issue is “Islam in China/China in Islam.” In thinking through “Islam in China,” we argue that the relationship between China and Islam is not one of opposition, but rather one of cultural, linguistic, and economic imbrication. Indeed, it is difficult to describe Islam and China as two separate or essentialized entities. For some Muslim minorities in certain regions of China, there is no distinction between neo-Confucianism and Islam or between the nation-state and the global umma (community of Muslims. Through intellectual labor, modes of prayer and worship, art, calligraphy, architecture, cuisine, linguistic creoles, and legal pluralism, these Muslims embody multiple cultural referents. For other Muslim minorities in other regions in China, political and economic circumstances present challenges to living in accordance with Islam while also being a citizen of the PRC. In other words, the Muslim experience in China encompasses a complex mosaic of accommodation, adjustment, preservation, and, at times, resistance. Thus, generalizations about this incredibly diverse population are unhelpful, and careful attention must be paid to history, politics, and place...

Architecture in the Islamic Civilization: Muslim Building or Islamic Architecture

OpenAIRE

Yassin, Ayat Ali; Utaberta, Dr. Nangkula

2012-01-01

The main problem of the theory in the arena of islamic architecture is affected by some of its Westernthoughts, and stereotyping the islamic architecture according to Western thoughts; this leads to the breakdownof the foundations in the islamic architecture. It is a myth that islamic architecture is subjected to theinfluence from foreign architectures. This paper will highlight the dialectical concept of islamic architecture ormuslim buildings and the areas of recognition in islamic architec...

Astronomical Knowledge in Holy Books

Science.gov (United States)

Farmanyan, Sona V.; Mickaelian, Areg M.

2015-08-01

We investigate religious myths related to astronomy from different cultures in an attempt to identify common subjects and characteristics. The paper focuses on astronomy in religion. The initial review covers records from Holy books about sky related superstitious beliefs and cosmological understanding. The purpose of this study is to introduce sky related religious and national traditions (particularly based on different calendars; Solar or Lunar). We carried out a comparative study of astronomical issues contained in a number of Holy books: Ancient Egyptian Religion (Pyramid Texts), Zoroastrianism (Avesta), Hinduism (Vedas), Buddhism (Tipitaka), Confucianism (Five Classics), Sikhism (Guru Granth Sahib), Christianity (Bible), Islam (Quran), Druidism (Mabinogion) and Maya Religion (Popol Vuh). These books include various information on the creation of the Universe, Sun and Moon, the age of the Universe, Cosmic sizes, understanding about the planets, stars, Milky Way and description of the Heavens in different religions. We come to the conclusion that the perception of celestial objects varies from culture to culture, and from religion to religion and preastronomical views had a significant impact on humankind, particularly on religious diversities. We prove that Astronomy is the basis of cultures, and that national identity and mythology and religion were formed due to the special understanding of celestial objects.

ISLAM: Agama Kemanusiaan

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M. Zainuddin

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Islam provides the guidance of human life from the smallest problem to the greatest affairs, ranging from household affairs, sleep, eat and drink up to the affairs of the nation and state. This paper raises how Islam covers all aspects of life as a religion of humanity. If taken seriously in the verses of the Qur'an or as Sunnah, will undoubtedly be found, that the core of the teachings of Islam is faith and righteousness. Islam is more than a formal religion, but it is also a great treatise for social transformation and a challenge to personal interests. Islam is a humanism, a religion that is very concerned with humanity as a central goal. This is the basis of Islam. Therefore, the greatest task of Islam is actually to transform social and cultural transformation with Islamic values.   Islam memberikan tuntunan hidup manusia dari persoalan yang paling kecil hingga ke urusan yang paling besar, mulai dari urusan rumah tangga, tidur, makan dan minum sampai pada urusan bangsa dan negara. Tulisan ini mengangkat bagaimana Islam mencakup segala aspek kehidupan sebagai agama kemanusiaan. Jika dicermati secara serius dalam ayat-ayat al Quran maupun as sunnah, niscaya akan ditemukan, bahwa inti ajaran Islam adalah iman dan amal saleh. Islam lebih dari sekedar sebuah agama formal, tetapi juga risalah yang agung bagi transformasi sosial dan tantangan bagi kepentingan-kepentingan pribadi. Islam adalah sebuah humanisme, yaitu agama yang sangat mementingkan manusia sebagai tujuan sentral. Inilah dasar Islam. Oleh karena itu, tugas terbesar Islam sesungguhnya adalah melakukan transformasi sosial dan budaya dengan nilai-nilai Islam.

Islam and Science

Science.gov (United States)

Salam, Abdus

The following sections are included: * The Holy Quran and Science * Modem Science, A Greco- Islamic Legacy * The Decline of Sciences in Islam * The Limitations of Science * Faith and Science * The Present Picture of Sciences in the Islamic Countries * Renaissance of Sciences in Islam * Steps Needed for Building up Sciences in the Islamic Countries * Science Education * Science Foundations in Islam * Technology in Our Countries * Concluding Remarks * REFERENCES

Islamic Social Reporting in Islamic Banking: Stakeholders Theory Perspective

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Meutia Inten

2017-01-01

Full Text Available This research aims to compare the level of Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure on Islamic banking in Indonesia and Malaysia. Using data from annual report in seven public Islamic banks in Indonesia and seven public Islamic banks in Malaysia, this research find that the level ISR of Islamic banking in Indonesia are better than the level ISR of Islamic banking in Malaysia. There were significant differences between the two groups were observed with respect to the all theme of reporting.

ISLAMIZATION OF CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE: SHIFTING THE PARADIGM OF ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE

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Mustapha Ben- Hamouche

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Islamic architecture is often thought as a history course and thus finds its material limited to the cataloguing and studying of legacies of successive empires or various geographic regions of the Islamic world. In practice, adherent professionals tend to reproduce high styles such as Umayyad, Abassid, Fatimid, Ottoman, etc., or recycle well known elements such as the minarets, courtyards, and mashrabiyyahs. This approach, endorsed by the present comprehensive Islamic revival, is believed to be the way to defend and revitalize the identity of Muslim societies that was initially affected by colonization and now is being offended by globalization. However, this approach often clashes with the contemporary trends in architecture that do not necessarily oppose the essence of Islamic architecture. Furthermore, it sometimes lead to an erroneous belief that consists of relating a priori forms to Islam and that clashes with the timeless and universal character of the Islamic religion. The key question to be asked then is, beyond this historicist view, what would be an “Islamic architec-ture” of nowadays that originates from the essence of Islam and that responds to contemporary conditions, needs, aspirations of present Muslim societies and individuals. To what extends can Islamic architecture bene-fits from modern progress and contemporary thought in resurrecting itself without loosing its essence. The hypothesis of the study is that, just as early Muslim architecture started from the adoption, use and re-use of early pre-Islamic architectures before reaching originality, this process, called Islamization, could also take place nowadays with the contemporary thought that is mostly developed in Western and non-Islamic environ-ments. Mechanisms in Islam that allowed the “absorption” of pre-existing civilizations should thus structure the islamization approach and serve the scholars and professionals to reach the new Islamic architecture. The

Real Islamic Logic

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bergstra, J.A.

2011-01-01

Four options for assigning a meaning to Islamic Logic are surveyed including a new proposal for an option named "Real Islamic Logic" (RIL). That approach to Islamic Logic should serve modern Islamic objectives in a way comparable to the functionality of Islamic Finance. The prospective role of RIL

Pain Perception in Buddhism Perspective.

Science.gov (United States)

Waikakul, Waraporn; Waikakul, Saranatra

2016-08-01

Dhamma, which Lord Buddha has presented to people after his enlightenment, analyzes every phenomenon and objects into their ultimate elements. The explanation of sensory system is also found in a part of Dhamma named Abhidhammapitaka, the Book of the Higher Doctrine in Buddhism. To find out the relationship between explanation of pain in the present neuroscience and the explanation of pain in Abhidhamma, the study was carried out by the use of a comprehensive review. The comparisons were in terms of peripheral stimulation, signal transmission, modulation, perception, suffering, determination and decision making for the responding to pain. We found that details of the explanation on pain mechanism and perception in Abhidhamma could associate well with our present scientific knowledge. Furthermore, more refinement information about the process and its function in particular aspects of pain perception were provided in Abhidhammapitaka.

Islamic Civilization: Its Significance in al-Faruqi’s Islamization of Knowledge

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WAN SABRI WAN YUSOF

2015-06-01

Full Text Available This paper discusses the significance attempt of al-Faruqi in making Islamic civilization a mandatory course in his Islamization of Knowledge project. In any attempt of Islamization of Knowledge, the students of Islamization should be comprehensively mastered Islamic Civilization. Al-Faruqi systematically developed four required components in civilizational study that were critical for Islamization project, i.e., to give the Muslim student knowledge of the first principles of Islam as essence of Islamic civilization in the first year; the historical achievements of Islamic civilization in the second year; how Islamic civilization compares and contrasts with other civilizations in essence and manifestation, in the third year, and; how Islamic civilization is the only viable option in dealing with the fundamental problems of Muslims and non-Muslims in the contemporary world, in the fourth year. The significance ideal projected by this comprehensive stages as characterized by al-Faruqi were crucial for student to understand the secular worldview that bring the collapse of civilization in the past and not to repeat this catastrophic consequence in contemporary civilization of the Ummah.

Islam and Politics: the Case of the Islamic State

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Shokri Mehdi

2016-06-01

Full Text Available This paper assesses the fundamental relation between the Islamic-political movements and establishment of the Islamic law (Shari’a. I argue against the critiques of western foreign policy and show that the Islamic State (Caliphate is both a result of the historical process of the people of a region and the extreme interpretation of the text and Sunna which emphasizes on the traditional Sharia law and the concept of Jihad by fortifying political Islam qua militant Islam. I argue that the Islamic revival aims to a certain political order which threatens the world security and peace. Moreover, I argue that the structural violation of Human Rights is rooted in the traditional concept of Islamic law or Sharia, which obtains its immunity by an illegitimate power. This traditional Islamic law is the inalienable character of authoritarian/totalitarian regimes. This paper is based on the assumption that the extreme ideological/theoretical interpretation implies the empirical objectives of Militant Islamic community with or without any external influential elements. In this sense, we can address the question: how different interpretations and traditions in executing the Islamic Sharia give the social and political grounds a seed for the emergence of violence and terrorism. At the end, this paper ends with a propose which emphasizes on the role of international cooperation to find a resolution and also on the education as a long-term plan to defeat extremism and terrorism.

Islamic banking

OpenAIRE

Pak, Viktoriya

2010-01-01

The thesis is focused on introduction of Islamic banking system. Morover part of the work is devoted to a detailed description of the history of Islamic banking, on explanation of the principles on which the banking system is based. Also are analyzed in detail the basic Islamic banking products. And at the end are presented the advantages and disadvantages of the Islamic banking system.

Buddhism in Čampā Le Bouddhisme au Champa

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Anne-Valérie Schweyer

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Čampā is a Far East country, whose Māhāyana Buddhism is known from 7th to 14th century. In fact, Sanskrit and Cam Inscriptions mostly attested Tantric practices, belonging to the Vajrāyana Buddhism, mixing Śaiva and Buddhist believes. More precisely, side by side Śiva and the three Buddha’ emanations, Śākyamuni, Amitābha and Vairocana, are honoured in Čampā, alone with the Goddess Prajñāpāramitā, the true substance of the Doctrine, and, secondary, with Vajrapāni, Lokeśvara and Vajrasattva. The confrontation of the epigraphic testimonies with the archaeological remains is very useful to understand the Buddhism of Čampā, crossroads of trade roads between India and China. Therefore, epigraphic and artistic evidences are used to propose a chronological presentation, with a special development on the revival of the 10th century, and especially, the esoteric way.Le Čampā, pays du centre Vietnam, connut un bouddhisme Māhāyana du xe au xive siècle. Les inscriptions en sanskrit et en cam montrent que ce bouddhisme était essentiellement tantrique, relevant du bouddhisme Vajrāyana, mêlant pratiques Śivaïtes et bouddhiques. Plus précisément, le bouddhisme cam montre qu’aux côtés de Śiva sont honorées les trois émanations du Bouddha, Śākyamuni, Amitābha et Vairocana, avec la déesse Prajñāpāramitā, la Vraie Substance de la Connaissance ; on trouve également Vajrapāni, Lokeśvara et Vajrasattva. La confrontation des témoignages épigraphiques et archéologiques permet de mieux appréhender le bouddhisme cam, à la croisée des routes commerciales entre l’Inde et la Chine. Cet article exploite ces témoignages dans une perspective chronologique, avec un développement particulier pour le Bouddhisme ésotérique au xe siècle.

Negotiating Islam with cinema A theoretical discussion on Indonesian Islamic films

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Ahmad Nuril Huda

2012-04-01

Full Text Available This paper aims at exploring certain negotiations that justify Muslim’s cinematic texts and practices. It focuses on the questions about what is Islamic and un-Islamic about film, who and what decides certain films as Islamic, and what are the meanings of cinematic practices of Islam for Muslim society. Furthermore, this paper tries to investigate these questions from a theoretical basis using concepts of Islamic modernity, Islamic Ummah and Public, in order to shed some light on the idea of how a production of an Islamic film may trigger the creation of a political and religious identity.

Ayurvĕda gleaned through Buddhism.

Science.gov (United States)

Narayana, Ala; Lavekar, G S

2005-01-01

The Păli canon consists of three Pitakas (baskets), which replete the Buddhism and is known as Tripiţaka, viz, Vinaya, Sutta and Abhidhamma Piţakas. The original phase of Tripiţaka (Buddhisim started in 544 B.C. and lastly systematized up to 29 B.C. The Buddhist literature also possesses the esoteric material of Medical Science, which is practiced and conserved in India since centuries. It refers to the fundamentals of medicine, rules of good living, which lay considerable emphasis on the hygiene of body, mind. Internal Medicine, curative medicine including symptoms, methods of diagnosis, theories of causation, materia-medica, therapeutics and treatment and skills of Jivaka. Some famous and popular prescriptions are also dealt with.

THE POSITION OF ISLAM NUSANTARA IN GEOPOLITICAL DINAMYCS OF ISLAMIC WORLD

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Abdul Chalik

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Peranan Islam Nusantara dalam Dinamika Geopolitik Dunia Islam. Tulisan ini berangkat dari kegelisahan terhadap lahirnya ISIS, sebuah gerakan sosial politik yang lebih ekstrim dibandingkan dengan pendahulunya, al-Qaeda. Satu sisi, organisasi ini tidak saja membuat Barat ketakutan atas segala sepak terjangnya, terutama pasca teror Paris di pertengahan Nopember 2015, pada sisi yang lain juga menciderai perasaan umat Islam karena dianggap mendompleng atas nama agama (Islam—sementara perilakunya berlawanan dengan ajaran Islam. Secara geopolitik posisi dunia Islam mengalami dilema; satu sisi harus berhadapan dengan Muslim sendiri sementara pada sisi yang lain harus bersinergi dengan kekuatan asing untuk melawan bangsa atau saudara sendiri. Berbeda dengan Islam ala ISIS atau al-Qaeda yang bercorak ekstrim dan eksklusif, Islam Nusantara berpandangan sebaliknya. Artikel ini ditulis dengan metode ekploratif deskriptif—dengan menyajikan persoalan dunia Islam saat ini dan hubungannya dengan ideologi Islam Nusantara yang sedang dibangun.

Negotiating Islam with cinema A theoretical discussion on Indonesian Islamic films

OpenAIRE

Ahmad Nuril Huda

2012-01-01

This paper aims at exploring certain negotiations that justify Muslim’s cinematic texts and practices. It focuses on the questions about what is Islamic and un-Islamic about film, who and what decides certain films as Islamic, and what are the meanings of cinematic practices of Islam for Muslim society. Furthermore, this paper tries to investigate these questions from a theoretical basis using concepts of Islamic modernity, Islamic Ummah and Public, in order to shed some light on the idea of ...

Buddhism in the Astrakhan territory: stages of the historical development

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Андрей Алексеевич Курапов

2010-03-01

Full Text Available In authors article are considered the basic stages of distribution of the Buddhism on the Bottom Volga region, within the limits of the Astrakhan province. Analysed characteristic features of historical development of a Buddhist community (sangha at Kalmyks, participation of Buddhist clergy in political life of region. Determined and considered specificity of interaction of a Buddhist community with secular authorities of region and national elite.

An Islamic Model of Social Life: Legal and Economic Thought in Islam

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Sami Al-Daghistani

2013-06-01

Full Text Available In the article I assert the societal dimension of Islam based on the duality of an Islamic worldview, based on the notion of tewhid, whose foundation is in Islamic law. One component of Islamic law is Islamic economic thought, irrevocably bounded within the Qu’ranic postulates of ethical conduct, founded on a logic contrary to global capitalism, as Max Weber also pointed out. Islamic banking is an expression of contemporary Islamic business ethics, regarded as a conjunction of the financial sector and shari'a-based principles.

Islamic fundamentalism in Indonesia

OpenAIRE

Nagy, Sandra L.

1996-01-01

This is a study of Islamic fundamentalism in Indonesia. Islamic fundamentalism is defined as the return to the foundations and principles of Islam including all movements based on the desire to create a more Islamic society. After describing the practices and beliefs of Islam, this thesis examines the three aspects of universal Islamic fundamentalism: revivalism, resurgence, and radicalism. It analyzes the role of Islam in Indonesia under Dutch colonial rule, an alien Christian imperialist po...

Women’s Role in Islamic Histography

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hosein azizi

2015-05-01

of tolerance put forward by Islam, being influenced by anti-life thoughts originated in pre-Islamic ignorance times, as well as from beliefs derived from Buddhism, Judaism, and Manism and finally the Moslem scholars’ change of attitudes and approach toward women and their social position. The orientation of this study is more of a combinatory based analysis, taking into account the above mentioned possible factors although it acknowledges their varying degrees of effectiveness.

Nutritional Problems and Intervention Strategies in India

OpenAIRE

Asumadu-Sarkodie, Samuel

2012-01-01

India, officially the Republic of India is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area. it is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the south-west, and the Bay of Bengal on the south-east, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north-east; and Burma and Bangladesh to the east. The major religions are Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism. India has a total population of 1,198,003,000, a gr...

Psychiatry and Islam.

Science.gov (United States)

Pridmore, Saxby; Pasha, Mohamed Iqbal

2004-12-01

To explore psychiatry in Islam, with a view to informing Western psychiatrists working with Islamic patients, and Islamic medical students studying in Western countries. The first necessary step was to acquire some understanding of Islam, Sharia and Sharia law, as the basis on which the available psychiatric literature was considered. Standard textbooks on Islam and English-language papers in the psychiatric literature were examined. Discussions with knowledgeable Muslim people were conducted. Islam shares roots with the other Abrahamic, monotheistic religions: Judaism and Christianity. A central issues is unity: the unity of God, unity with God and unity within the Islamic community. Islam is more than a religion, because it informs all aspects of behaviour and has been described as 'a comprehensive way of life'. Individualism is less important than the welfare of the community. The Sharia is a list of rules and regulations derived from authentic sources. Psychiatric services in Islam, according to Western standards, are somewhat limited. This issue is being addressed through epidemiological studies, provision of new services and policy development. Although mental health legislation is not universal, forensic psychiatry has a role, in many ways similar to that in the West. Islam is based on unity and core values of compassion, justice and benevolence. Islamic psychiatry has a proud early history, and advances are occurring. There is an opportunity for the profession of psychiatry to bridge religious, ethnic and cultural boundaries.

Strategic Management Process of Islamic Character Development of Early Children in Islamic Kindergarten

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M Najib

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This research is a field research by using a qualitative research approach. The purpose in this research is to find steps in strategic management process for development character of early children in Islamic kindergarten of al-Irsyad Purwokerto, Central java, Indonesia. The results showed that the process of strategic management to develop Islamic character of early children is done through four processes. First, processing of observation environmental to develop Islamic character in Islamic kindergarten. Second, strategic formulation process for development an Islamic character of early children in Islamic kindergarten. Third, implementating strategic process for develop an Islamic character of early children in Islamic kindergarten. Fourth, strategic assesment process for develop an Islamic character of early children in Islamic kindergarten. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan langkah-langkah dalam proses manajemen strategik untuk membentuk karakter anak usia dini di Taman Kanak-kanak (TK Islam al-Irsyad Purwokerto, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa proses manajemen strategik untuk membentuk karakter anak usia dini di TK Islam dilakukan melalui empat langkah. Pertama, proses pengamatan lingkungan untuk membentuk karakter Islami anak usia dini di TK Islam. Kedua, proses formulasi strategi untuk membentuk karakter anak usia dini di TK Islam. Ketiga, proses penerapan strategi untuk membentuk karakter anak usia dini di TK Islam. Keempat, proses penilaian strategik untuk membentuk karakter anak usia dini di TK Islam.

Islam Wetu Telu [Dialektika Hukum Islam dengan Tradisi Lokal

OpenAIRE

Zuhdi, Muhammad Harfin

2014-01-01

Islam reached Lombok in the sixteenth century. It was brought by the Javanese Muslim preachers led by Sunan Prapen, the son of Sunan Giri, one of the famous nine saints (Wali Songo). Prior to the spread of Islam in this island, the indigenous people of Lombok (the Sasak) had embraced their own traditional religion,called Boda. This created dialectics between Islam and this local belief that resulted in the rise of vernacular expression of Islam called wetu teluin Bayan, north Lombok....

What Can the United States Learn from India to Counter Terrorism?

Science.gov (United States)

2004-03-01

14 Sikhism often has been characterized as a hybrid of Hinduism and Islam. There are shared elements among the three religions, yet Sikhism...percent of its arable land is extraordinarily fertile. Abundant crops, that include rice, lettuce , cabbage, fruits, and nuts, give the state great

Islam Politik dan Radikalisme: Tafsir Baru Kekerasan Aktivisme Islam Indonesia

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Ali Asghar

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Tulisan ini berkesimpulan bahwa kekerasan aktivisme Islam politik lebih ditentukan pada kemampuan mengukur batas toleransi politik; watak represi negara dan aksesibilitas sistem politik. Batas toleransi politik menentukan sebuah gerakan perlu tidaknya mengambil jalan kekerasan sebagai saluran penentangan. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan integratif teori gerakan sosial, tulisan ini memberikan paradigma pilihan rasional untuk membaca kepentingan para aktor aktivisme Islam politik di Indonesia dalam memilih aksi kekerasan sebagai saluran penentangan. Akhirnya, kekerasan aktivisme Islam tidak semata-mata bersumber dari tradisi keagamaan. Simbol-simbol Islam yang melekat dalam aksi kekerasan aktivisme Islam merupakan strategi kerangka aksi (framing bukan sumber doktrinal dari tindakan kekerasan.

RELIGION AND PURIFICATION OF SOUL

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Azam Khodashenas Pelko

2010-11-01

Full Text Available The Jainism emphasizes three major teachings about the purification of the soul (jiva, Ahimsa, Aparigrapha and anekantwad. Jainism, The focus of this religion has been purification of the soul by means of right conduct, right faith and right knowledge. The ultimate goal of Hinduism is Moksha or liberation (total freedom. In Hinduism, purification of the soul is a goal that one must work to attain. The Buddhism is the science of pursuing the aim of making the human mind perfect, and of purifying the human soul. The knowledge of purifying of the soul and softening of the hearts is as essential for human. They having the correct motivations means purifying our souls from hypocrisy, caprice, and heedlessness. The primary goal of Taoism may be described as the mystical intuition of the Tao, which is the way, the undivided unity, and the ultimate Reality. According to the Christianity access to truth cannot be conceived without purity of the soul

The Ethics of the "Real" In Levinas, Lacan, and Buddhism: Pedagogical Implications.

Science.gov (United States)

Jagodzinski, Jan

2002-01-01

Explores the unstated ethics that exist in the silent space between teacher and students, highlighting Emmanuel Levinas, Jacques Lacan, and Buddhism. The paper uses the juxtaposition of west and east to help illuminate ethical pedagogy, and it argues that there is an unknowable dimension which raises the question of ethics in human relations that…

Islamic fatalism

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Helmer Ringgren

1967-02-01

Full Text Available The author sketches the historical background, then the teaching of the Koran, and finally, the development of the typical Islamic fatalism. The fatalism of Islam has to be viewed against the background of the ideas of pre-Islamic Arabia. Unfortunately, there is no other evidence from this epoch that a few poems on a very restricted range of topics which have been able to survive Islamic censure. The conventional and stereotyped character of these poems makes it difficult to decide to what extent they reflect commonly accepted views or the ideas of a certain group. In any case, they present a picture of the pagan Arab which is extremely idealized and formed after a rigid pattern. Historically speaking, Islamic 'fatalism' is the result of a combination of pre-Islamic fatalism and Muhammad's belief in God's omnipotence. From another point of view it is an interpretation of destiny that expresses man's feeling of total dependence, not on an impersonal power or universal order, but on an omnipotent God.

MODERATE ISLAM IN LOMBOK: The Dialectic between Islam and Local Culture

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Mutawali Mutawali

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This study looks into the concept of moderate Islam; describes the distinctive formation of moderate Islam in Indonesia and dialectical phenomena between culture and religion in the Muslim community of the Lombok island. Grounded in qualitative method involving participative observation, interview, documentation and critical discourse analysis, this study reveals that the dialectics and dynamics between the shari’a texts with reality and local traditions in Lombok have brought about the concept of Islam Nusantara characterizing wasatiyyah (moderate, tawazun (balance, tasamuh (tolerance, shura (priotizing dialogue, dan i‘tidal (justice. Islam Lombok illustrates the harmonious interfaith coexistence comprising pluralistic societies including diverse ethnicity, religion, and culture; and portrays Islam rahmatan lil ‘Alamin (Islam as a mercy of the universe. Overall, this study suggests that the concept of moderate Islam could be seen in Lombok and might be applied in other communities in Indonesia.

A review of research on Buddhism and health: 1980-2003.

Science.gov (United States)

Weaver, Andrew J; Vane, Adam; Flannelly, Kevin J

2008-01-01

Electronic searches of social science and biomedical literature identified 44 empirical studies that specifically investigate Buddhism, meditation, and health. The number of studies increased over time, especially in medical and other health-related fields. The studies were found to differ by geographical region with regard to the emphasis on spiritual, psychological, or physical outcomes. Results from this study are explored with respect to historical trends as well as current variations in scholarship and religious practice between the regions.

76 FR 29812 - In the Matter of the Designation of Army of Islam, aka Jaish al-Islam, aka Jaysh al-Islam, as a...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-05-23

... DEPARTMENT OF STATE [Public Notice 7464] In the Matter of the Designation of Army of Islam, aka Jaish al- Islam, aka Jaysh al-Islam, as a Foreign Terrorist Organization Pursuant to Section 219 of the... respect to Army of Islam, also known as Jaish al-Islam, also known as Jaysh al-Islam. Therefore, I hereby...

76 FR 29812 - In the Matter of the Designation of Army of Islam, aka Jaish al-Islam, aka Jaysh al-Islam; as a...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-05-23

... DEPARTMENT OF STATE [Public Notice 7463] In the Matter of the Designation of Army of Islam, aka Jaish al- Islam, aka Jaysh al-Islam; as a Specially Designated Global Terrorist Pursuant to Section 1(b... of Islam, also known as Jaish al-Islam, also known as Jaysh al-Islam, has committed, or poses a...

ETHICS AND THE PRINCIPLES OF ISLAMIC BANKING IN THE PERSFEKTIF ISLAMIC ECONOMICS LAW

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Saifullah Bombang

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Ethics, the value of which is sourced from the primary source of Islamic teachings inthe formation of the principles of Islamic banking in the legal system of Islamic economy. Theprinciple has been terekonstrumsi into the principle of a unified whole and undivided oneunified principle which has the same meaning and effect of all time. The two are inseparableand mutually binding becomes reference in carrying out the charitable effort (muamalah. Allactivity in the economy, including banking should always be in accordance with the principlesof Islamic teachings so as to avoid a banking practice that is full of violations of Islamic valuesand norms. The enforcement principle – the principle of Islamic banking Shariah Islamic lawin the dinormakan economy meant is to mengkonsistensikan the Islamic teachings with thepractice of the banking terkaontaminasi with other systems are generally incompatible with theethics and principles of Islam. Islam offers concept to humanity which is sourced from theQur'an and Sunnah in terms of conducting relationships or transactions with other persons,including in the field of finance as manisfestasi of Islamic teachings in the field of banking.Ethics, values and principles into the source and reference in formulating norms of Islamic lawgoverning the legal relationship in banking issues. All financial transactions in banking shouldbe subject to the legal norms of islam and every muslim needs to take hatian and not get caughtup in the banking system that are not kosher (usury and subhat so that the existence of theIslamic banking is getting solid growth and strong for the benefit of mankind.

ARSITEKTUR ISLAM ATAU ARSITEKTUR ISLAMI?

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Sativa Sativa

2011-01-01

  ABSTRACT. It has been regarded, there are so many discussion and study of Islamic architecture, particularly among academics and practitioners. Most of the discussion focuses on aspects of form, style, historical relics and other things that are considered physical is part of the culture of Muslims. Meanwhile, some people feel that the real Islam is not enough just realized with the physical aspect only. Currently, growing discourse about Islamic architecture which tends to emphasize Islamic values rather than physical typology of product architecture. In this matter, the author referred to it as Islamic Architecture. This paper is aimed to discover how extend to which the differences between two thinking about Islam Architecture and Islamic Architecture, and to find out the aspects which influence in Islamic Architecture product planning, through the study of various sources of the Qur'an and hadith, books, journals, and several articles, in addition to analysis of the author's own thoughts. From those studies it was found that a discussion of Islam architecture is very different from Islamic architecture. Islam architecture emphasizes the physical aspects of the built environment, while Islamic architecture is more advanced on Islamic values which root on Al Quran and hadith or sunnah of the Prophet. Aspects of Islamic architecture that need to be developed is efficiency, egalitarian, privacy and genius loci.   Keywords : Islam Architecture, Islamic Architecture, Islamic values

HUBUNGAN ISLAM DAN NEGARA: Merespons Wacana Politik Islam Kontemporer di Indonesia

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Hamsah Hasan

2015-04-01

Full Text Available This article aims to discuss the issues of the relationship between Islam and state in the Islamic political perspective in Indonesia. This study was motivated by the desire to criticize the development and “up and down” relationship between Islam and state that is very dynamic coloring political situation in “Islamic majority country” Indonesia. This article concluded that understanding the relationship between religion and state with Islamic political approach is not meant to establish a religious state or an Islamic state of Indonesia, but more on filling spaces are functionally religion in order society, nation and state. The relationship between Islam and state can be integrated in a functional relationship equally aspire to nobility. Even integralistic, symbiotic, and secularistic relations, each should be viewed as a form of complementary. Facing the development of modernization, the relationship between Islam and state should be articulated as an effort to always adapt to the development of society in its various aspects, such as: the globalization of the world political economy, science and technology, the development issues of democracy, gender, human rights, pluralism, both nationally and internationally.

Zen Buddhism and the Psychotherapy of Milton Erickson: A Transcendence of Theory and Self.

Science.gov (United States)

Becker, Susan Kelly; Forman, Bruce D.

1989-01-01

Compares Zen Buddhism and psychotherapy of Milton Erickson. Explores their similarities with respect to theory, change relationship between teacher/student and therapist/client, and acceptance of nature. Compares Ericksonian psychotherapy with Zen-based Morita therapy to concretize philosophical underpinnings of both systems. (Author/ABL)

Loving-kindness brings loving-kindness: the impact of Buddhism on cognitive self-other integration

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Colzato, L.S.; Zech, H.; Hommel, B.; Verdonschot, R.; van den Wildenberg, W.P.M.; Hsieh, S.

2012-01-01

Common wisdom has it that Buddhism enhances compassion and self-other integration. We put this assumption to empirical test by comparing practicing Taiwanese Buddhists with well-matched atheists. Buddhists showed more evidence of self-other integration in the social Simon task, which assesses the

Islamic Financial Engineering : Comparative Study Agreements in Islamic Capital Market in Malaysia and Indonesia

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Adhitya Ginanjar

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Objective –The objective of this paper is to provide a discussion Islamic Financial Engineering which practice between Indonesian Capital Market and Malaysian capital market. This paper also investigate whether regulator could effectively take a role in materializing demands for Islamic securities and whether regulator declaration is more convincing than sharia compliance declaration between IDX and KLSE.Methods - We use descriptive analytic and literature study to see the background, market response caused by regulatory for Islamic Financial Engineering. We also analyze Islamic capital market regulatory from middle east countries.Results - We find that Islamic Capital Market in KLSE (Malaysian Capital Market more higher growth than IDX (Indonesia Capital Market because of Islamic Capital Regulatory in KLSE much easier to improve Islamic Financial Engineering from conventional schemes.Conclusion - This finding could explain why Islamic Capital Market in KLSE is still growing rapidly and IDX will adjust their Islamic Capital Market Regulatory to compete with regional Islamic Capital Market.Keywords : Islamic Financial Engineering, Risk, Return, Derivative, Hedging, Option, Forward, Hybrid  contract

Living Prayer: Its Contributions for the World’s Ecosystems and Interreligious Harmony

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Diane Butler

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Abstract Since the Assisi Declarations on man and nature were initially created by leaders from Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam and Judaism at an interreligious meeting convened by World Wildlife Fund in Assisi, Italy in September 1986 and the first World Day of Prayer for Peace attended by representatives of many more faiths and ethnic religions in October 1986 in Assisi, a contemporary environmental movement that clearly encompasses spiritual as well as social dimensions has been growing exponentially. However, given the acceleration of global warming and environmental crises differentially affecting parts of the earth, we have now to ask, what is the application of the Assisi Declarations and peace prayers for facing the needs of today and in the future? This article thus aims to convey some ideas on the contributions of living prayer and associated creative practices in Indonesia in general, and Bali in particular, by discussing three dimensions: (a the ways in which living prayer is embodied in customary ritual arts as well as in new forms of artistic expression; (b its contributions to environmental, socio-cultural, and economic well-being; and (c the means by which it fosters intercultural and interreligious dialogue and creativity. To illustrate this, I draw on examples of prayers and art from public participatory intercultural Sharing Art events held in Bali and Java as well as in other countries.

Penelitian Islam: Dasar dan Filosofi

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Abu Bakar Marzuki

2017-03-01

Full Text Available This article is a continued understanding of some thoughts delivered by the Islamic study experts. Actually, Islamic study orientation is still floating and it does not have a clear goal. Some parts of Islamic study is  model or a similar effort done by  orientalists in studying Islam, and in line with the vision and the mission starting from false conclusion about Islam. Therefore, Islamic study experts in the earlier awakening of Islam such as  Al-banna, al-maududi, Ismail Raji al Faruqi, Ziauddin sardar, and Muhammad Naquib al-Attas have offered various thoughts in implementing the framework of Islamic study in line with the vision and the mission of Islam so that their mindset becomes the basis for development of Islamic study. 

International Islamic Banking

OpenAIRE

saleem, shahid

2007-01-01

The purpose of this exploratory and to some extent descriptive analysis is to highlight the Islamic banking & finance theory, and to explain the practical disparity all over the Muslim Umma along with commonalities of Islamic banking in them. Islamic banking has been now become a value proposition which transcends cultures and will do speedily in next decades despite of cutting throat competition expected in global banking scenario. The size of Islamic Financial Industry has now reached size ...

Never Die Alone: Death and Birth in Pure Land Buddhism : Jonathan Watts and Yoshiharu Tomatsu, editors, 2008, Jodo Shu Press (Tokyo, 978-4-883-63041-7, 175 pp.).

Science.gov (United States)

Maymind, Ilana

2017-09-01

This is a review of a collection of six essays. These essays, with the exception of one, are written by the followers of Shin Buddhism (Pure Land Buddhism). The last essay in this collection is written from the perspective of Theravada Buddhism rather than Mahayana Buddhism. This collection is a result of the initiative by Rev. Yoshiharu Tomatsu who, as a Buddhist priest, has acquired hands-on experience in dealing with grieving Temple members and became acutely aware of the discrepancy between a medical system and a ritualistic Buddhist system. While a medical system overlooks the spiritual needs of the dying, a Buddhist temple system neglects the spiritual needs of the living. This book ensued from a project that was initiated in 2006 and focused on the above-mentioned missing links, aiming to bring into conversation medical and religious practitioners.

DINAMIKA STUDI ISLAM DI BARAT

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M Rusydi

2016-04-01

Full Text Available The following writing shows the historicity of Islamic studies in the West. It is important to reflect, at least as a comparison for our Islamic studies in Indonesia. Initially, Islamic studies in the West were looked unfairly. Islam was considered a fragment of Jews and Christian tradition. Thus, Islamic studies were positioned as a subunit of Christian studies. At this condition, Islamic studies tended to be colonized by West scholars’ ideology. However, in 1980, Islamic studies began to be looked fairly in the West. Funded by National Endowment for the Humanities, University of Arizona for the first time held an international symposium on Islam and Religious Studies. In this symposium, Islam was considered equally with Christian. Therefore, the research on it was not only about Islam as religion but also as civilization. It was indicated by various approaches to Islam such as philology, social and humanities approaches. Today, Islamic studies develop intensively with the contemporary approaches called post-orientalism which is based on post-colonialism, post-structuralism, multiculturalism, and critical theory.

The Pedagogy of Happiness and Death: From the Perspectives of Buddhism and Christianity

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Lee, Jeong-Kyu

2017-01-01

The purpose of this paper is to review the pedagogy of happiness and death from the perspectives of Buddhism and Christianity. To discuss this study logically, three research questions are addressed. First, what are the concepts of happiness and death? Second, what is the relevance between happiness and death? Last, what are the meanings of…

TEORI KONFLIK DALAM PERSFEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM: INTERKONEKSI ISLAM DAN SOSIAL

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Hayat

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Religion as an ideology in society is believed to allow it to become a paradigm as a solution to conflicts. Islam is a rahmat li al-ālamīn religion in the life of mankind with conflicts settlement construction in the community as connectivity with customary law (ethics, moral values, character, and culture and state laws that in fact emerged from the discourse of Islamic law. Religion becomes a balancing of social conflicts that arise from a variety of indicators, because Islam is a legal consensus that includes a variety of conditions and situations of society. Therefore, Islam as a principle regulator of human order become a theory of conflict resolution in the minds of some scientists that suggests an existence of Islam in it

Choosing Buddhism in Australia: towards a traditional style of reflexive spiritual engagement.

Science.gov (United States)

Phillips, Tim; Aarons, Haydn

2005-06-01

There has been little dedicated sociological research on the appeal Buddhism holds for many individuals in the West. It is suggested that this absence reflects a current tendency within the discipline to highlight a new age approach to spiritual involvement and to overlook other optional styles of engagement. Such a pattern of study is concerning because the propensity to privilege the new age style would seem to be less an outcome of a coherent research agenda than a result of the currency that the idea of postmodern religion has come to assume in theoretical accounts of spiritual transformation in contemporary societies. Using data from a modest quantitative survey, the study investigates spiritual style among a sample of Australians who have developed an interest in Buddhist practice and belief. The results point to the prevalence of a traditional approach to involvement, whereby the individual decides to engage solely with Buddhism for the long duration. Given its possession of these qualities, the research goes on to examine the social patterning of spiritual commitment. The findings suggest that comprehending the social restrictions to any kind of involvement is a more pressing sociological question than explaining social divergences among the engaged.

Cohesion, the Human Element in Combat

Science.gov (United States)

1985-02-01

on the Persian heritage and Islamic religion. Leadership, too, is an extremely important nationalistic factor. It is essential that the nation is the... Taoism , Buddhism, and Christianity. While the values im- ported by these religions are generally compatible with Vietnamese nationalism, they have...Soviet borders (such as the Pan-Turkish and Arab- Islamic movements). Soviet attempts to make Russian the primary language within the Soviet Union have

Education Unit Transformation for Maintain Its Existence in Islamic Boarding School (Multi-Case Study on Tebuireng Islamic Boarding School, Gading Islamic Boarding School Malang, and Sidogiri Islamic Boarding School Pasuruan)

Science.gov (United States)

Busyairi AS, M.

2017-01-01

Islamic Boarding School which serves as native Islamic education institution is a continuation of education tradition grown strongly in Islamization history in unitary nation Republic of Indonesia. The education of Islamic Boarding School is also a sub-system of National Education with the purpose to make intelligent national life, to make…

The Concept of Self in Buddhism and Brahmanism: Some Remarks

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Andrej ULE

2016-02-01

I contrast briefly the Buddhist concept of Self as a process and a conditional reality with the concept of the substantial metaphysical concept of Self in Brahmanism and Hinduism. I present the criticism of the Buddhist thinkers, such as Nāgārjuna, who criticize any idea of the metaphysical Self. They deny the idea of the Self as its own being or as a possessor of its mental acts. However, they do not reject all sense of Self; they allow a pure process of knowledge (first of all, Self-knowledge without a fixed subject or “owner” of knowledge. This idea is in a deep accord with some Chan stories and paradoxes of the Self and knowledge.  

Karakteristik Dan Spektrum Manajemen Pendidikan Islam

OpenAIRE

Jannah, Siti Raudhatul

2013-01-01

Artikel ini mendiskusikan mengenai manajemen pendidikan Islam, karakteristik, dan spektrumnya. Karakteristik manajemen pendidikan Islam harus didasarkan pada al-Qur'an dan Hadits serta pemikiran rasional yang telah diuji validitasnya. Spektrum manajemen pendidikan Islam meliputi lingkup manajemen personalia pendidikan Islam, manajemen peserta didik pendidikan Islam, maanjemen kurikulum pendidikan Islam, manajemen keuangan pendidikan Islam, manajemen sarana dan prasarana pendidikan Islam, mana...

ISLAMIC KNOWLEDGE CLASSIFICATION SCHEME IN ISLAMIC COUNTRIES’ LIBRARIES: Challenges and Opportunities

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M. Solihin Arianto

2006-08-01

Full Text Available Beberapa sarjana Muslim pada periode Islam awal telah mencurahkan perhatian yang cukup besar dalam pengklasifikasian ilmu pengetahuan dengan tujuan mengorganisasikan pengetahuan yang dapat ditransmisikan dengan cara sistemik kepada generasi berikutnya. Upaya pengklasifikasian pengetahuan ini semestinya memberikan kontribusi yang cukup signifikan dalam lingkungan perpustakaan atau pusat informasi Islam, terutamauntuk menempatkan disiplin pengetahuan tertentu atas sebuah dokumen dari seluruh organisasi pengetahuan yang ada. Di sisi lain, skema klasifikasi pengetahuan yang dihasilkan sarjana-sarjana Barat seperti DDC, LCC, dan UDC telah mendominasi lembaga-lembaga informasi di seluruh dunia termasuk negara-negara Islam.Bagaimanapun, akhirnya disadari bahwa skema-skema klasifikasi tersebut tidak memuaskan institusi-institusi informasi Islam karena mempunyai beberapa kelemahan dan perlakuan yang kurang memadai untuk mengorganisasikan dokumendokumen dalam bidang studi ke-Islaman. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, tulisan ini berusaha mengkaji berbagai upaya yang telah dilakukan perpustakaan-perpustakaan beberapa negara Islam seperti Arab Saudi, Iran, Pakistan, Indonesia, dan Malaysia dalam mengembangkan skema klasifikasi pengetahuan Islam. Di samping itu, berbagai problem dan tantangan ke depan yang dihadapi perpustakaan-perpustakaan tersebut sebagai akibat sistem klasifikasi Islam yang diterapkan secara berbeda antara satu negara dengan lainnya juga dibahas dalam artikel ini.

Measuring Attitude toward Theistic Faith: Assessing the Astley-Francis Scale among Christian, Muslim and Secular Youth in England

Science.gov (United States)

Francis, Leslie J.; Brockett, Adrian; Village, Andrew

2013-01-01

Alongside a family of instruments designed to measure the attitudinal dimension of religion within specific faith contexts (Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, and Judaism), the Astley-Francis Scale of Attitude toward Theistic Faith was designed to assess the attitudinal dimension of religion within a multifaith context. Drawing on a sample of 4338…

Islam goes Hollywood. An exploratory study on Islam in Turkish cinema

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Petra de Bruijn

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract By means of two case studies, this article demonstrates how differently Islam is depicted in a Turkish film composed by a secular, intellectual director and in a film considered to promote an Islamic way of life. Yılmaz Güney’s art house film Umut/Hope (1970 depicts Islam as an integral part of Turkish reality. In the story of a poor carriage driver in South East Anatolia, who turns to treasure hunting guided by an imam, folk Islam is compared to a (secular national lottery ticket: neither are the solution to existential problems. İsmail Güneş’ film The İmam (2005 can be regarded as an example of the return of Islamic values into Turkish society, showing compatibility with modernity. However, whereas Umut is showing (folk Islam as an existing reality in Turkish society of the 1970s, The İmam is teaching a moral lesson to Turkish society of the 2000s.

Gerakan Filantropi Islam di Amerika

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Fuad Hasyim

2018-01-01

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan gerakan filantropi Islam di Amerika yang meliputi pembahasan tentang basis kelembagaan filantropi Islam dan kontribusinya terhadap solidaritas dan pemberdayaan umat Islam di Amerika. Penelitian ini adalah kajian literatur dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dan pendekatan multidisiplin. Hasil penelitian menunjukan empat basis kelembagaan gerakan filantropi Islam di Amerika; yaitu masjid, lembaga pendidikan, etnis dan aliran atau madzhab pemikiran. Didapatkan pula fakta hubungan signifikan antara eksistensi lembaga filantropi Islam terhadap kebijakan politik pemerintah terkait isu radikalisme yang melekat pada umat Islam di Amerika. Kata Kunci : Amerika, Filantropi, Islam, Muslim

Colonial traces? Islamic dress, gender and the public presence of Islam

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Moors, A.

2011-01-01

Controversies about Islamic dress have become common-place in Europe since the later 1980s, with state regulations targeting both the Islamic headscarf and later the face-veil. Such present-day attempt to regulate Islamic head coverings resonate with how Muslim women’s dress has been the focus of

TRANSMITTING ISLAM THROUGH STORIES: The Sociology of Production and Consumption of Islam in Novel Literature

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Akh. Muzakki

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Islamic novel literature has become a new commodity in Indonesia. This paper examines the Islamic creative and cultural industry in recent development in Indonesia, exploring the Islamic publication through its exploitation of storytelling method as a means of produc­tion and consumption of Islamic commodities. As an object of analysis, it focuses on Islamic novel Ayat-Ayat Cinta. It particularly argues that Islamic publication has extended its capacity as a medium for transmitting religious ideas to producing and consuming economic commodities. It further argues that storytelling appears to be an effective method for both the transmission of Islamic teaching and the production and consumption of Islamic commodities. It maintains that positive responses from the market are not only in the form of purchasing the product of Islamic novel literature, but also in the form of following up the essence of cases in life exploited in stories developed in such an Islamic novel literature.

Islamic Banking in the West : the Need for Islamic Banking in the Uk

OpenAIRE

Alowd, Jehad; Wodie, Astede

2013-01-01

The Islamic banking system has gained momentum worldwide. The last two decades have witnessed the emergence of Islamic banking as a viable banking system. This study is designed to investigate the awareness, needs, and motives of Muslims towards Islamic Banking in the UK. The objectives of the study are as follow; to find out the motives and needs of Muslims in the UK towards Islamic banking, to test Muslim's attitudes towards some of the principles of Islamic banking, and to find out the lev...

The Concept of Islamic Literature and Islamization of Literature through the Different ages(Arabic

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Dr. Sanāullah al Azhari

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Islamic literature is a term referring to the school of thought who believes that a good literary work should view God, man and the world through the lens of Islam. It is conceived that the style of such literature must be of high quality with the Qur’ān, Ḥadith and the legacy of the Islamic scholars being its model. Islamic literature is a universal literature and can be written in any language. However, most of what has been written on the theory and practice of Islamic literature is in Arabic. This study discusses the model of Islamic literature in era of Islam, Umayyad period, Abbasid period, and Modern world. Topics of Islamic literature in modern times are dealing with the moral values in the Qur’ān and the Sunnah of the Prophet, peace be upon him. It discusses Jurisprudence in worship Biography of the Prophet and Praise of the Prophet and his companions God bless them all. The deep knowledge of Arabic language and Islamic literature solves the social and cultural problems around the world.

ISLAM DAN SOSIAL POLITIK DEKADE 1990 –AN (Sebuah Wacana Politik Islam Pasca Orde Baru

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Ainur Ropik

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Political Islam from the beginning independence of Indonesia, 1950 's ( old order until the mid- 1983 era New Order have a situation that according to Islam is very harmful , because Muslims feel marginalized in addition to the majority of Indonesia's population is Muslim Islamic politics it can not grow because of the emphasis that is made by new order all Islamic political movements and activities are supervised and in the limit . After doing some of the terms in the proposed new order government to Islamist parties at the time that the fusion of Islamic political parties Political Islam at the end of late New Order era began to rise and begin accommodated . With accommodation of political Islam into the governance of the New Order era many beneficial changes to the entry of Political Islam Islamic leaders into the government bureaucracy in both the legislative , judicial and other reforms to transform the era of the New Order era and replace . This paper will try to outline the state of the back of political Islam in the era of the New Order and post-New Order political Islam .

A New Paradigm in Islamic Housing: Non-Bank Islamic Mortgage

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Egi Arvian Firmansyah

2018-05-01

Full Text Available An increasing demand for a sharia-compliant housing has resulted in a new initiative where the mortgage can presently be directly handled by the developer without involving the bank. This is called non-bank Islamic mortgage. This paper is aimed at portraying the consumer’s profile of non-bank Islamic mortgage and the issues of this practice. We disseminated questionnaires to the respondents in several cities in West Java who bought the house-using non-bank Islamic mortgage scheme. Subsequently, we synthesized the answers regarding their profiles and issues of the scheme for the betterment in the future. One of the issues of this scheme is the higher fraud because there is no rigorous credit scoring as conducted by the bank. The research of non-bank Islamic mortgage is still scant so this paper is expected to shed the light by contributing to the literature of Islamic home financing.DOI: 10.15408/aiq.v10i2.7274

FINDING ISLAM IN CINEMA: Islamic Films and the Identity of Indonesian Muslim Youths

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H Hariyadi

2013-12-01

Full Text Available This paper discusses Islamic films in Indonesia that have been a phenomenon since a decade. It is reported that Islamic films have been consciously produced to propagate Islamic lessons to the Muslim youths. The paper challenges the notion that young adults are passive recipients as proposed by some popular culture theorists. They did not merely become object of ideologies injected by filmmakers, and their responses were not an unquestioning acceptance. The research found that some Muslim youths have been ambiguous toward the emergence of Islamic films. Watching movie for Indonesian youths is an important way to construct identity, and they feel that there is a sense of religious ritual involved in film viewing, especially with Islamic messages. I argue that Islamic films help Indonesian young people to develop their own distinctive identity, being new sources of authority apart from parents, formal education, and friends.[Tulisan ini membahas film islami di Indonesia yang menjadi fenomena sejak satu dekade terakhir. Film-film islami sengaja dibuat untuk menyebarkan ajaran Islam dengan sasaran kalangan muda. Makalah ini menolak gagasan bahwa remaja adalah penerima pasif seperti yang diajukan oleh teori budaya popular. Mereka tidak hanya menjadi objek desakan ideologi pembuat film dan mereka juga tidak bisa menerimanya secara bulat. Sebagian pemuda muslim merasa ambigu menghadapi munculnya film-film Islam. Di sisi lain, menonton film menjadi media untuk membangun identitas diri dan dapat dirasakan sebagai bagian dari ritual agama, khususnya ketika menonton film yang mengandung pesan-pesan Islam. Dengan demikian, film Islam membantu pemuda Indonesia untuk mengembangkan identitas mereka sendiri dan menjadi sumber otoritas baru di luar orang tua, pendidikan formal, dan lingkungan pergaulan.]Keywords: religious film, youth identity, Islamic cinema

Tujuan Pendidikan Islam

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Imam Syafe'i

2015-11-01

Full Text Available There are three basic components of human innate. These components are body, spirit, and mind. One is the body, which is developed according to sunatullah means that if humans consume enough food nutrition it will grow like plants and other creatures. While the spirit and the senses evolved to explore themselves through the process of education. The body, the spirit, and the mind is a unity of whole and round and indivisible. According to Jalaluddin the purpose of Islamic education should be formulated from the philosophical value contained in the philosophy of Islamic education. The purpose of Islamic education is identical with the goal of Islam itself. According to Abdurrahman Saleh Abdullah, there are three main objectives of Islamic education, namely that physical objectives (ahdaf al-jismiyyah, spiritual causes (ahdaf a, ruhiyyah-education, and mental objectives (ahdaf al-aqliyyah.

Kompetisi dan Strategi Pengembangan Lembaga PAUD Islam Berdaya Saing di TK Islam Al-Irsyad Banyumas

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Novan Ardy Wiyani

2016-05-01

Full Text Available This article is aimed at describing the competition as well as the development strategy of the Islamic Kindergarten “Al-Irsyad” as one of competitive Islamic early childhood education institution in Purwokerto. The purpose is to find the pattern of the development strategy of the competitive Islamic early childhood education institution. This sort of institution is expected to be able to compete in achieving righteousness in line with Islamic teachings dedicated to the community. This can be done if the Islamic early childhood education institutions promote competitive excellent service. Furthermore, the rationale lies behind the idea of competitive Islamic early childhood education institutions is to generate competitive advantage within Islamic early education institutions, to improve community’s loyalty as served customer, to create Islamic early childhood institutions which are able to outweigh their competitors while at the same time upholding ethics, as well as Islamic virtues.

Let Us Not Pray: Prayers at Formal Army Events and the Establishment Clause

Science.gov (United States)

2006-04-01

founded in 1982 that brings together "representatives of all the major faith communities in the United States," including Christianity, Judaism, Islam ...Christianity; 13.2% with no religious affiliation; 1.4% with Judaism; 0.5% with Islam , Buddhism, and Agnosticism, respectively; 0.4% with Atheism and...Baha’i Faith, New Age, Sikhism, Church of Scientology, Humanism, Secularism, and Taoism , respectively). DOBOSH 110 activities or their historical place

JPRS Report, China.

Science.gov (United States)

1991-09-30

five religions (Evangelical Christianity, can be carried out in the most rustic of circumstances. Catholicism, Buddhism, Taoism , and Islam ) have...church 30 none thorough analysis of religion in the area, including the Islam 800 5 1800 2 laws which govern its development, its organizational and...mosques mosques personnel structure, and its systems and activities, thereby Taoism 10-20 none 4-5 1 temple arriving at an objective evaluation of its

Planning a December to Remember

Science.gov (United States)

Powers, Keith

2012-01-01

Because the population of today's schools is so multicultural, teachers may find a variety of religious beliefs represented in their classrooms, from Islam, Judaism, and Christianity to Jehovah's Witnesses, Hinduism, atheism, and many others. All of which makes the season of December a little tricky to navigate, even when one is teaching "the…

Zambia: Multi-Faith Religious Education?

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Carmody, Brendan

2006-01-01

As countries' populations become more religiously diverse, a need to review the religious education syllabus that operates is often perceived. One such country is Zambia, which was not only traditionally religiously diverse but has become even more so with the advent of Christianity, Islam and Hinduism and other non-African faiths. This article…

Assessing Attitude towards Religion: The Astley-Francis Scale of Attitude towards Theistic Faith

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Astley, Jeff; Francis, Leslie J.; Robbins, Mandy

2012-01-01

This study builds on the research tradition modelled by the Francis Scale of Attitude towards Christianity, the Katz-Francis Scale of Attitude towards Judaism, the Sahin-Francis Scale of Attitude towards Islam and the Santosh-Francis Scale of Attitude towards Hinduism to propose a generic instrument concerned with attitudes towards theistic faith.…

Report on Fulbright Summer Seminar on Indonesia.

Science.gov (United States)

Christenson, Charles Elroy

This resource packet was compiled by a participant in the Fulbright Summer Seminar on Indonesia. The materials provide information for teaching about the diaspora of Hinduism and Islamic beliefs throughout the southeast Asia archipelagoes and their influence on art and culture. The handouts supplement information on Indonesia as part of an Asian…

A Cross-Cultural Study of Children's Perceptions of Selected Religious Concepts.

Science.gov (United States)

Nazar, Fatima; Kouzekanani, Kamiar

2003-01-01

A survey of 219 children from a kindergarten in the United States and a Kuwaiti kindergarten and Indian private preschool in Kuwait examined children's perceptions of God, death, and the afterlife. The common responses of the children suggest that although different views of Islam, Christianity, and Hinduism may appear contradictory, they are all…

Islam in the Western Media

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Bashy Quraishy

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Setelah serangan 11 September 2001 atas gedung World Trade Center, AS, kata Islam mejadi topik aktual dalam berbagai media barat, yang disandingkan dengan istilah-istilah terorisme, fundamentalisme, vadalisme, dan kata-kata berkonotasi buruk lainnya. Media barat, bahkan telah mengonstruksi persepsi tentang pertentangan Islam dan Barat dengan Amerika sebagai pemimpinnya. Sejak itu, secara perlahan tapi pasti, media barat memberitakan dunia Islam dalam gambaran begitu buruk: gambar-gambar para demonstran Pakistan, wanita yang ditangannya Quran dan pedang, film-film yang bertendensi anti-Islam. Ditayangkan berulangulang, terus-menerus, tiap hari. Upaya merendahkan Islam, bukan sekadar dalam ungkapan implisit, atau lewat gambar-gambar buruk, tapijuga sudah pada tingkat terang-terangan yang begitu eksplisit, seperti ungkapan: peradaban Islam lebih rendah daripada Kristen, orang Islam tidak beradab atau barbar, mengatasi terorisme Islam harus melalui pembaratan. Media barat menjadi kehilangan objektiviitas. Liputan tentang Islam, sebagian besar sekadar berita atau opini negatif; terjadi distorsi begitujauh. Media mengingkari kenyataan bahwa sesungguhnya Islam bukan hanya di anut oleh bangsa Timur Tengah, tapi juga oleh banyak ras dan bangsa lain, termasuk sebagian masyarakat barat. Pada kehdiuan sosial, akibatnya, para muslim minoritas di barat, sering diperlakukan tidak adil. Terdapat diskriminasi untuk nonEropa dan non-Kristen, khususnya Islam. Citra buruk tentang Islam di media barat. memang berlangsung jauh sebelum peristiwa II September. Ketika Uni Soviet bubar, Amerika dan sekutunya kehilangan musuh nomor satu; permusuhan itu kemudian diarahkan kepada Islam, yang dipandang sebagai ancaman. Untuk membangunjurnalisme barat yang objektif" maka media barat perllu membangun sikap terbuka dan mengakui kenyataan bahwa masyarakat itu, bahkan di negaranya sendiri, plural.

Shariah Governance Practices at Islamic Banks in Bahrain From Islamic Bankers’ Perspective

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Sutan Emir Hidayat

2018-01-01

Full Text Available This study aims to evaluate the Islamic banks' commitment towards Sharia Governance in Bahrain. This study utilizes both quantitative and qualitative research methods. The survey results reveal that Islamic banks in Bahrain practice 7 out of 9 questions in the questionnaire, which are related to Sharia governance aspects as per the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI's governance standards. The interview results also reveal that the Islamic banks are practicing most aspects of Sharia governance. The results of this paper can be an input for the regulator and the banks' management to make decisions to improve Sharia governance practice among Islamic banks in Bahrain.DOI: 10.15408/aiq.v10i1.5991

The Concept of Self in Buddhism and Brahmanism: Some Remarks

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Andrej ULE

2016-02-01

Full Text Available I contrast briefly the Buddhist concept of Self as a process and a conditional reality with the concept of the substantial metaphysical concept of Self in Brahmanism and Hinduism. I present the criticism of the Buddhist thinkers, such as Nāgārjuna, who criticize any idea of the metaphysical Self. They deny the idea of the Self as its own being or as a possessor of its mental acts. However, they do not reject all sense of Self; they allow a pure process of knowledge (first of all, Self-knowledge without a fixed subject or “owner” of knowledge. This idea is in a deep accord with some Chan stories and paradoxes of the Self and knowledge.

Transformasi Intelektual Melalui Penerbitan Buku-Buku Islam Serta Pengaruhnya Terhadap Dakwah Islam

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Amirudin Amirudin

2015-07-01

Transformation and change in the Islamic world caused by factors other than "local" neighborhood where Muslims are also influenced by global conditions. Contact with the culture of modernity requires that Muslims make changes in the thoughts, actions, and institutions. Factors that cause the transformation of Islam is very complex. These factors include the growth of true love in Islam as proselytizing, economic conditions are improving, increasing the number of “middle-class Muslims”, and spread the extent of the rise of Islam on a global level. But one thing is clear that the transformation was not appear suddenly, but is the result and consequence of a long process of historical development. The idea of renewal of Islamic intellectualism experienced young intellectuals in Indonesia when judging historically have occurred earlier in the year 1970-1980. As a result, research monograph book publishers Islam is first brought to the world an idea of how the business of the Muslims of Indonesia to manage ideas and activities fixate, documenting and disable the legacies of Islamic culture and civilization in the form of a book, a culture that has a cultural value and business value at the same time.

PEMIKIRAN ISLAM PROGRESSIF: Dua Dekade Pemikiran dan Gerakan Jaringan Islam Liberal (JIL

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A. Ilyas Ismail

2017-08-01

Secara teologis, Islam adalah satu (tunggal dan mutlak benar. Namun, secara historis, setelah dicoba dihayati, dipahami, dan diterjemahkan dalam realitas kehidupan dalam dimensi ruang dan waktu, Islam tidak tunggal, tetapi beragam alias plural yang mewujud dan mengejawantah setidak-tidaknya dalam tiga aliran pemikiran, yaitu Islam tradisional, Islam revivalis (fundmentalisme, dan Islam liberal (progresif. Kelompok Jaringan Islam Liberal (JIL mewakili pola pemikiran yang terakhir. Meski usianya relative muda, baru 10 tahun, JIL menjadi popular karena mengusung pemikiran-pemikiran baru yang sering memunculkan kontroversi dalam masyarakat. Pembaharus pemikiran yang diusung JIL menyangkut empat bidang. Pertama, pembaruan dalam bidang poiitik. Di sini, JIL mengedepankan gagasan sekularisme. Kedua, pembaruan dalam bidang social agama dan kemasyarakatan. Di sini, JIL mengusung ide atau konsep pluralisme. Ketiga, pembaruan dalam kebebasan individu. Dalam hal ini, JIL mengedepankan gagasan liberalism baik dalam berpikir maupun bertindak. Keempat, pembaruan dalam bidang perempuan. Di sini JIL mengusung ide kesetaraan gender. Pemikiran pembaharuan JIL ini mendapat pro dan kontra dalam masyarakat. Sebagian mencela dan mengecamnya, tetapi sebagian lagi memberi apresiasi dan mendukungnya.Dalam suasan semacam itu, JIL terus tumbuh sebagai pemikiran dan gerakan Islam progresif di Indonesia.

モンゴル帝国期東トルキスタンの宗教 : 新疆イスラム教小史2

OpenAIRE

丸山, 鋼二

2008-01-01

After Islam was brought into the west area of the Eastern Turkistan (Xinjiang) by the Qara-Khan Dynasty in the 10th century, it took 500 years until the establishment of Islamization in the Eastern Turkistan when the Buddhism power was expelled from Hami (the east of Xinjiang) in 1513. At the beeginning of the 12th century, the Qara-Khan Dynasty was driven away from the eastern Central Asia by non-Islam Qara Khitay. From the beginning of the 13th century the eastern Central Asia was also unde...

Introduktion. Islam & institutioner

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jacobsen, Brian Arly

2008-01-01

Introduktion til Tidsskrift for Islamforskning temanummer Islam & institutioner Udgivelsesdato: 18-02......Introduktion til Tidsskrift for Islamforskning temanummer Islam & institutioner Udgivelsesdato: 18-02...

CONCEPTUALIZING ISLAMIC BASED EDUCATION: An attempt toward Islamization of Educational System in Aceh

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Hasan Basri

2015-02-01

Full Text Available This study proves that Islam has a unique concept of education and constructive values that can be applied in educational system. Discussion on Islamic education has not ended yet; that is why to reveal the Islamic educational values deriving from the primary sources of Islam, the Qur’an and Sunna (prophetic tradition, is not insignificant in the context of educational system in Aceh. Since Aceh has specific privilege in the fields of education, religion, and culture, it is crucial to break up earth the Islamic values and apply them into education programs. Realizing such programs should take accurate and strategic steps through islamization of education, integration of values, and internationalization of way of thinking. Besides, curriculum, method, system, policy, and dichotomy of educational system must be reformed concurrently.

Femminismo e Islam

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Fehmi Jadaane

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Feminism and Islam - This article describes new developments in Islamic feminism. In the XIX Century of the Enlightenment, the idea of acknowledging sexual equality started a reform movement which put the question of women’s rights at the center. With the intensification of migratory movements and globalization, this debate has gone beyond the borders of Muslim countries, and now also involves western society. This paper discusses different Islamic feminist views with respect to the question of women rights. The author argues for the necessity of developing a new hermeneutic approach to the Koran in order to give rise to an enlightened, rational, egalitarian and humanistic Islam.

A Comparison of Rational Emotive Therapy and Tibetan Buddhism: Albert Ellis and the Dalai Lama

Science.gov (United States)

Holt, Susan A; Austad, Carol Shaw

2013-01-01

This article explores conceptual and methodological similarities between Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) and Tibetan Buddhism (TB). The authors examine some of the values and concepts they share. They compare the two systems on a number of issues: philosophical underpinnings, concepts of what causes human psychopathology, techniques to…

Integrasi Pemikiran Islam Dan Peradaban Melayu: Studi Eksploratif Historis Terhadap Perkembangan Peradaban Melayu Islam Di Nusantara

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Mugiyono, Mugiyono

2016-01-01

Integration of Islamic thought and civilization Malays make acculturation and assimilation between them to give birth to new style of Islamic Malay civilization which has its own distinct characteristics with Islamic civilization elsewhere. Dynamics of Islamic thought in the Malay lands have created the character of Malay Islamic civilization. Islam became the unifying factor of various ethnic Malays. 'supra-identity' across geographical boundaries, ethnic sentiments, customs and traditions o...

Are religious beliefs and practices of Buddhism associated with disability and salivary cortisol in office workers with chronic low back pain?

Science.gov (United States)

Sooksawat, Annop; Janwantanakul, Prawit; Tencomnao, Tewin; Pensri, Praneet

2013-01-17

Low back pain (LBP) is common among office workers. A number of studies have established a relationship between Christianity and physical and mental health outcomes among chronic pain patients. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the religious beliefs and practices of Buddhism and disability and psychological stress in office workers with chronic LBP. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a self-administered questionnaire delivered by hand to 463 office workers with chronic LBP. Saliva samples were collected from a randomly selected sub-sample of respondents (n=96). Disability due to LBP was assessed using the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire and psychological stress was assessed based on salivary cortisol. Two hierarchical regression models were built to determine how much variance in disability and psychological stress could be explained by religious beliefs and practices of Buddhism variables after controlling for potential confounder variables. Only 6% of variance in psychological stress was accounted for by the religious beliefs and practices of Buddhism. Those with high religiousness experienced lower psychological stress. No association between the religious beliefs and practices of Buddhism and disability level was found. Depressive symptoms were attributed to both psychological stress and disability status in our study population. The findings suggest that, although being religious may improve the psychological condition in workers with chronic LBP, its effect is insufficient to reduce disability due to illness. Further research should examine the role of depression as a mediator of the effect of psychological stress on disability in patients with chronic LBP.

Development and Validity Testing of Belief Measurement Model in Buddhism for Junior High School Students at Chiang Rai Buddhist Scripture School: An Application for Multitrait-Multimethod Analysis

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Chaidi, Thirachai; Damrongpanich, Sunthorapot

2016-01-01

The purposes of this study were to develop a model to measure the belief in Buddhism of junior high school students at Chiang Rai Buddhist Scripture School, and to determine construct validity of the model for measuring the belief in Buddhism by using Multitrait-Multimethod analysis. The samples were 590 junior high school students at Buddhist…

Epistemologi Pendidikan Islam: Melacak Metodologi Pengetahuan Perguruan Tinggi Islam Klasik

OpenAIRE

Hery, Musnur

2008-01-01

Islamic higher college not only limited to higher education that famous at Islamic history like madrasah (e.g. Nizamiyah), and al-Jami'ah (e.g. al-Azhar). Yet, Islamic higher college is the implementation of learning process that can be categorized in higher education stage, that being practiced in Moslem society, even still in non-formal or informal form before madrasah existence. Several epistemologies branch indeed take place at formal institution, while some epistemologies branch theoreti...

Epistemologi Pendidikan Islam: Melacak Metodologi Pengetahuan Perguruan Tinggi Islam Klasik

OpenAIRE

Hery, Musnur

2015-01-01

Islamic higher college not only limited to higher education that famous at Islamic history like madrasah (e.g. Nizamiyah), and al-Jami’ah (e.g. al-Azhar). Yet, Islamic higher college is the implementation of learning process that can be categorized in higher education stage, that being practiced in Moslem society, even still in non-formal or informal form before madrasah existence. Several epistemologies branch indeed take place at formal institution, while some epistemologies branch theoreti...

The Integration of Disclosure of Islamic Social Reporting (ISR in Islamic Bank Financial Statements

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Sugianto

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Islamic bank has an economy function as well as a social function. So that Islamic banks posses an ethical identity for their social objectives as important if not more important than economic goals due to the fact that the system and its operation is based on the Islamic Shari’ah. This objective is intended to Islamic bank also participate in the improvement of society, so it is expected to describe clear corporate social responsibility in their social reporting practices as evidenced in their annual reports. This study replicated the Haniffa and Hudaib research by examining social reporting practices of Islamic Banks in Indonesia. This examination involves a comparison of social disclosure 12 Islamic banks conducted through their annual reports to the ideal level of social disclosure that Islamic banks should be made, during the years 2014-2015. This comparison is done by using the Ethical Identity Index (EII developed by Haniffa and Hudaib (2007. The findings revealed that at present, Islamic banks in Indonesia is still poor in the practice of social reporting.

Kontestasi Konsepsi Religius dan Ritualitas Islam Pribumi Versus Islam Salafi di Sasak Lombok

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Mohamad Iwan Fitriani

2016-07-01

Full Text Available This article focuses on the contestation of local Islam and salafy at Narmada, West Lombok. This tension is inevitable thing, since they have different way of understanding and realizing Islamic teaching. Local Islam wants the locality and universality co-present to actualize ideal Islamic teaching, on the contrary, salafy wants to purify Islamic teaching from any kind of local traditions. Here, Local Islam of Sasak Narmada refers to Islam which has long interaction with several indigenous belief of Sasaknese manifested in Wetu Telu and Wetu Limeand salafy refers to several (not all salafy’s followers who interact with local Muslims. This difference brings into contestation when salafy popularize bid‘ah, syncretic or syirk for local Muslims adherent in one hand and local Muslims want to save Islamic teaching from salafy in another hand. The contestation is classified into religious conceptions and ritual. Many Wetu Lime’s followers enjoy their religious conceptions and rituals without leaving several Wetu Telu traditions and without being afraid of falling into polytheism for a main reason that what they do is one means of manfesting Islamic universal values in local traditions and having no intention to be polytheist. This study shows that looking for the meaning behind the conception or observed ritual is an essential thing in diverse internal religious belief to spread peace in which theology needs to be accompanied by other perspective.

Islamic Business Ethics and Islamic Microfinance in Pesantren Gontor

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Ahmad Lukman Nugraha

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Islam affirms that there stand for mutual affect in business processes, until the business practice as a work field recommended to the adherents; while discussing ethics of business activity poped out to minimize cheating and fraud activities. However, Islamic business ethics felt difficult to apply in practice, especially in the business of buying and selling. Modern Islamic Boarding School “Darussalam” Gontor is one of the self-financing and self-help islamic boarding schools in the economic supported by cooperatives in pesantren (koppontren. This paper aims to comprehensively understand the application of Islamic business ethics and focus on the entrepreneurs in business sectors Gontor La-Tansa’s cooperatives. This research had systematically employed mix method research with sequential explanatory design and case study. Gathering data through using questionnaires, interviews, observation and documentation has been performing analysis through data reduction, data display, and data verification. This paper argues that Gontor La-Tansa’s cooperatives sector can run the business activities with implementing business ethics according to the Qur’an and Sunna values. Appear from the height comprehension of the business to the axiom business ethics and the height application in business activities in each business sector. In addition, the role of kiai and business unit supervisor is high. Data displays a level of the height direction (80 percent and control on the application of business ethics (72 percent. The Islamic business ethics can be applied on firm’s and government’s law with height comprehension and controlling.

Law and Islamic finance: How legal origins affect Islamic finance development?

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Rihab Grassa

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Many researchers have shown that differences in legal origin explain differences in financial development. Using historical comparisons and cross-country regressions for 30 countries observed for the period from 2005 to 2010, this study tried to assess if different legal origins impacted on the development of Islamic finance. More particularly, this paper tried to assess empirically why and how Shari'a Law's legal origins adopted wholly or partially (combined with Common or Civil Law could explain the level of development of Islamic finance in different jurisdictions. Firstly, we found that countries adopting a Shari'a legal system had a very well developed Islamic financial system. Secondly, we found that countries, adopting a mixed legal system based on Common Law and Shari'a Law, were characterized by the flexibility of their legal systems to make changes to their laws in response to the changing socioeconomic conditions and that these helped the development of the Islamic financial industry. However, we found that countries, adopting a mixed legal system based on both Civil Law and Shari'a Law, were less flexible in making changes to their old laws and this thwarted the development of the Islamic financial industry in these countries. Thirdly, we found that the concentration of Muslim population (the percentage of Muslim population had a positive effect on the development of the Islamic banking system. Also, the level of income had a positive and significant effect on the development of Islamic banking.

Spiritualitas Islam dalam Kewirausahaan

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Hanifiyah Yuliatul Hijriah

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Islamic spirituality refers to a paradigm of unity in realizing a harmonious balance between aspects of the world and the hereafter. This is an important aspect in fostering the forces that accompanied the faith toward Allah SWT, the power over all aspects of life, including for entrepreneurial activity. Islamic spirituality was born from every human which is capable of being utilized a strength in the form of spiritual intelligence. This element exists in every human being as grace of Allah SWT, which is useful for the activity of life. Results found that there were seven spiritual intelligence elements according to the Islamic perspective, there are: the faith, taqwâ, morality, s}iddîq, amânah, tablîgh, fat}ânah, discipline, visionary, and empathy. This qualitative study examines aspects of the spirituality of Islam containing potential elements in the form of spiritual intelligence that was potential for Islamic entrepreneurship in achieving sustainability of the business. The ability of businessmen to manage businesses, through attitude and decision making can be dependent upon the elements of the intelligence of Islamic spirituality. Islamic spiritual intelligence is able to be implemented in the business activities in order to achieve the sustainability of business, namely at the stage of production management, marketing, capital and human resources, where the result can be synergized to form a continuity of effort appropriate to The Islamic perspective. The orientation of the sustainability of the effort according to Islam was not only profit achievement, but also to achieve spiritual benefit that is also Allah SWT’s blessings.

The Theory and Practice of Islamism

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Анна Александровна Петрухина

2011-06-01

Full Text Available The article is devoted to the analysis of a general characteristic of political Islam which has got now the big popularity as Islamism. In Islamism the concept jihad as the political slogan and the military-political practice is widely used by the Islamic extremist organizations in Islamic regions. In the article is considered the theoretical heritage of Islamic extremism in the history of political thought. Three waves of Islamism are analyzed: their reasons of occurrence, motive forces and methods of achievement of the purposes. The phenomenon of Islamism is considered as the practical activities which are carried out at local, national, regional, global levels.

The Challenge of Islamic Finance

OpenAIRE

Sheng, Andrew; Singh, Ajit

2012-01-01

From its humble beginnings in the 1990s, Islamic finance has become a trillion US dollar industry. The market consensus is that Islamic finance has a bright future due to favourable demographics and rising incomes in the Muslim community. Moreover, despite voices sceptical of an accommodation between Islamic and global finance, leading global banks are buying Islamic bonds and forming subsidiaries specially to conduct Islamic finance business. Special laws have been passed in non-Muslim fi...

ISLAMIC HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICES AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: A PRELIMINARY FINDING OF ISLAMIC ORGANIZATIONS IN MALAYSIA

OpenAIRE

Ilhaamie Abdul Ghani Azmi

2010-01-01

At the moment, there are lots of studies on conventional human resource practices. However, there are quite a few studies done on Islamic human resource practices. Using simple random sampling technique, final copies of questionnaires were sent to 300 Islamic organizations. However, only 114 questionnaires were returned and 111 were usable. These Islamic organizations implement Islamic human resource practices due to Islam; the religion is the way of life, type of their organizations and orga...

Reconciling Islam and feminism.

Science.gov (United States)

Hashim, I

1999-03-01

This paper objects to the popular view that Islam supports a segregated social system where women are marginalized, and argues that certain Islamic texts are supportive of women's rights. The article proposes that Islam reconcile with feminism by returning to the Qur'an. The Qur'an provides rights which address the common complaints of women such as lack of freedom to make decisions for themselves and the inability to earn an income. One example is a verse in the Qur'an (4:34) that is frequently interpreted as giving women complete control over their own income and property. This article also explains how Islam has been used as a method of controlling women, particularly in the practices of veiling and purdah (seclusion). The article points out the need to engage in Islam from a position of knowing, and to ensure that Muslim women have access to this knowledge. It is only through this knowledge that women can assert their rights and challenge patriarchal interpretations of Islam.

A History of “Who Speaks for Islam?” in Bosnia-Herzegovina: An Official Versus Popular Islam Debate

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Hüsrev Tabak

2017-06-01

Full Text Available This paper examines the organisation of popular and official Islam during and after communism in Bosnia-Herzegovina. Through studying the interaction between the popular and the official forms of Islam in the historical context, this paper unfolds the debate on who speaks for Islam? That took place between official representatives and popular Islamic groups and movements in the former Yugoslavian republic. Such an enquiry revealed firstly that a close contact with the existing regime (regardless of its ideology is essential for becoming and remaining as the official Islamic authority, as seen in the Islamic Community’s pro-Titoist stance throughout in the former Yugoslavia. The findings of the enquiry secondly suggest that popular Islam and official Islam represent transitive positions; meaning that a popular Islamic movement can become the official Islam, vice versa. Accordingly, a former popular Islam front, the Mladi Muslimani (Young Muslims, in Yugoslavia evolved into an official Islamic authority after the dissolution of the country and by the Bosnia-Herzegovina’s establishment, in the scope of which new popular Islamic groups bred.

ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN CIVILIZATION OF FASHION INDUSTRY: CLOTHES CONCEPT REFLECTION IN ISLAM

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Ahmad Mustami

2015-06-01

Full Text Available This article discusses the concept Apparel in Islamic education. This was currently a lot of variety of fashion in dress. Although the general function of clothes was a human genitalia cover and protect the body from the heat of the sun. However hijab at this time not just cover the nakedness, but rather as a fashion style that became a common thing now was infecting the womenfolk including Muslim. Ranging from clothes, pants, until hijab began in innovation so as to attract the eye. Although it is not yet represent the shape and fashion model/standard clothes, but felt able to express Islamic education in the dressing (hijab and a fashion model/Islamic clothing. Obviously keep on religious norms, ethical and moral teachings. Substance of clothing in Islam is polite in accordance with the values of Islamic Education.

Sekolah Islam terpadu; Filsafat, ideologi, dan tren baru pendidikan Islam di Indonesia

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Suyatno

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Toward the 21st century, there is an interesting change in the trend of education (read Islamic education in Indonesia . The dominance of educational institutions that consists of “Pesantren”,“Madrasah”, and Schools become different. It is based on the phenomenon that there is Integrated Islamic Schools in this country. The educational institutions,whicht have been spread to all parts of Indonesia, were established by some mosque activists at the ITB and UI campuses. The very rapid development of this school indicates that the Integrated Islamic School becomes the new trend of Islamic education in Indonesia. In this school, it is emphasized on the education of religious moral values and the excellent modern education nowadays. This kind of Integrated Islamic School has also proved a new style of the middle reislamization class of Indonesian Muslims.

STUDI ISLAM PENDEKATAN HERMENEUTIK

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Elok Noor Farida

2013-09-01

Full Text Available ISLAMIC STUDIES USING HERMENEUTICS APPRO- ACH. Al-Qur’an as the Islam’s holy book is a miracle that has been revealed to the Prophet Muhammad as a guide for muslim’s life. As a Muslim, we necessarily have to understand exactly what the message of  the Quran. Al-Qur’an is not only readable even it is a worship, but more than that, how to implement the contents of  the Qur’an in everyday life. In understanding asbab al-nuzul certainly should understand that there are verses in the Qur’an. In addition, it should also understand various methods to understand the Qur’an, one of them is the hermeneutic approach. Hermeneutics as a method of reading the text has been widely recognized in various fields of  traditional Islamic scholarship, especially in the tradition of  fiqh and tafsir al-Qur’an. Meanwhile, modern hermeneutics in Islamic thought can basically be called a great leap in the formulation of  the methodology of  Islamic thought in general and methods of  interpretation of  the Kor’an in particular.Therefore, the approach of  hermeneutics in Islamic studies also need to be studied to add to the treasures of  knowledge and can provide new insights on how to understand the text and interpretation of the text that will be studied. keywords: Islamic Studies, Hermeneutics. Kitab Suci Al-Qur’an sebagai kitab suci agama Islam merupakan mukjizat yang telah diturunkan kepada Nabi Muhammad saw. sebagai pedoman umat Islam sepanjang hayat. Sebagai Muslim yang mempedomani tentu harus memahami betul apa pesan-pesan dalam Al-Qur’an.  Al-Qur’an  tidak  hanya  dibaca  meskipun  bernilai ibadah, akan tetapi lebih dari itu, bagaimana mengimplementasikan isi kandungan Al-Qur’an dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Dalam memahami tentu harus memahami asbabun nuzul ayat-ayat yang terdapat dalam Al-Qur’an. Di samping itu, juga harus memahami berbagai macam metode dalam memahami Al-Qur’an, di antaranya dengan pendekatan

FEMINISME ISLAM: KONTEKSTUALISASI PRINSIP-PRINSIP AJARAN ISLAM DALAM RELASI GENDER

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Andri Rosadi

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Gender issues come into being in Muslim world as a result of their interactions with modern western civilization through either colonialism or other ways. In addition to this external factor which can be regarded as triggering factor by which Muslim women’s awareness of their duties and rights started to emerge and develop, domination of men-biased interpretation of Islamic teachings also played an essential role in triggering the discours on gender issues. One of the responses to this issue is what so called Islamic feminism in Muslim world is a reaction to unjust but prevailing understanding and practice of Islamic teachings with regard to gender relation in favour of men. There are various issues related to this topic, but this article only contains the discussion on several Quranic verses regarding gender relation stating at the end that any interpretations of these verses is subject to change due to its profane nature. The principle is one: the core of Quranic spirit is equality. Finally, since the social fact of inequality of Muslim womens is very much influenced and shaped by men-biased interpretations, so Islamic Feminism is in fact more related to patriarchal value rather than divine one Keywords : Feminisme Islam, Kontekstualisasi prinsip ajaran Islam dan Relasi GenderCopyright © 2011 by Kafa`ah All right reservedDOI : 10.15548/jk.v1i1.33

Survey Leading Organization Pada Organisasi Islam

OpenAIRE

Bantam, Dian J

2015-01-01

Islamic University is islamic organization that care with public's need, especially for education. One of the vision of Islamic Universities is leading and islamic, to bravely innovate and develop education based on islam. The aim of this study examined one models of Four God-Guided Organizations, there are leading organization. Sample included Islamic universities in Yogyakarta with 112 employees. MANOVA and descriptive test is used to analyze the data. Results showed approximately 48% of Is...

MENUJU DIALOG ISLAM – KRISTEN: PERJUMPAAN GEREJA ORTODOKS SYRIA DENGAN ISLAM

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Zaenul Arifin

2012-05-01

Konflik antara Kristen dengan Islam tampil dalam sejarah agama. Karena memiliki sumber asal yang sama, kedua agama selalu terlibat dalam kontak ke­kerasan. Tulisan ini mencoba untuk mengkaji secara mendalam geraja orthodoks Syria dan ditemukan akan adanya akar yang sama dengan Islam. Ditemukan pula adanya paralelisasi dalam aspek teologinya, khususnya pe­laksana­an kewajiban agama. Data yang didapatkan menunjukkan arti penting dalam pengembangan dialog antara Islam dengan Kristen

Islamic Beliefs and Practices.

Science.gov (United States)

Sefein, Naim A.

1981-01-01

To help social studies classroom teachers present a realistic picture of the Middle Eastern religion of Islam, this article presents an overview of major beliefs and religious practices of Moslems. Information is presented on religious fundamentals, Islam's relationship to Judaism and Christianity, the development of Islam, the role of women, and…

HUBUNGAN ETNIK DI MALAYSIA DARI PERSPEKTIF ISLAM (ETHNIC RELATIONS IN MALAYSIA FROM AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE

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Ahmad Hidayat Buang

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Islam adalah satu agama yang lengkap merangkumi segenap aktiviti kehidupan manusia. Ajaran Islam bukan hanya menganjurkan umatnya berbuat baik sesama Islam tetapi juga antara bukan Islam. Orang bukan Islam mempunyai hak yang tertentu dan dilindungi selagi tidak memerangi Islam. Dalam hubungan antara orang Islam dan orang bukan Islam, Islam telah menetapkan peraturan tertentu yang mesti dipatuhi. Hal ini jelas sepertimana dalam Surah al-Hujurat ayat 13 yang mengiktiraf kepelbagaian etnik itu adalah sesuatu yang lumrah dan kepelbagaian itu bukan untuk berkonflik tetapi saling mengenali antara satu dengan lain. Justeru, artikel ini akan membincangkan pandangan Islam terhadap hubungan etnik yang ditinjau dari sudut al-Quran, hadis nabi dan tokoh-tokoh Islam. Turut dibincangkan ialah prinsip kesamarataan dan keadilan dalam Islam dengan melihat situasi yang berlaku di Malaysia khususnya yang melibatkan kedudukan istimewa orang Melayu dalam Perkara 153 Perlembagaan Persekutuan. Hasil perbincangan menunjukkan, kedudukan istimewa orang Melayu itu tidak bercanggah dengan prinsip keadilan dan kesamarataan dalam Islam berdasarkan empat hujah iaitu pertama, walaupun orang Melayu mendapat keistimewaan seperti yang termaktub dalam perlembagaan, namun ia bukan melalui rampasan harta orang bukan Melayu sebaliknya mendapatkannya dari tambahan kepada ekonomi keseluruhan. Kedua, pelaksanaan terhadap keistimewaan orang Melayu tidak menjejaskan kedudukan ekonomi, dan pendidikan serta politik orang bukan Melayu, malah dalam sektor ekonomi dan pendidikan, mereka lebih baik daripada orang Melayu. Ketiga, kedudukan istimewa orang Melayu adalah sesuatu yang telah wujud sebelum merdeka dan dimasukkan kembali apabila perlembagaan digubal. Keempat, ia adalah persetujuan yang telah dicapai melalui perundingan antara etnik.Islam is a complete way of life (din and encompasses all activities in life. Islam preaches to its followers to enjoin good not only towards fellow Muslims

Won-Buddhism and a Great Turning in Civilization: The Role of Religion

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Paik Nak-chung

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Addressing the theme of a great turning in civilization, this essay focuses on the Korean religion Won-Buddhism with its founding motto, “With this Great Opening of matter, let there be a Great Opening of spirit.” Both its doctrine and practice arguably possess great potential. Unlike the traditional Buddhist view of enlightenment, Won-Buddhism’s “Great Opening of spirit” starts from a specific diagnosis of the current time as an age of “Great Opening of matter” and proposes a double project of at once adapting to and overcoming modernity. In this way, it carries on the tradition of Korea’s indigenous religious movements since the mid-nineteenth century, but by combining that strain with Buddhism as its core doctrine, it achieves a fuller global significance than its predecessors. The essay examines Roberto Unger’s The Religion of the Future for both parallels and divergences, sympathizing with Unger’s emphasis on a religious revolution, but finding his thought essentially confined within the limits of Western metaphysics. Martin Heidegger is brought in to elucidate this point, as is Karl Marx, for comparison and contrast with Won-Buddhism’s diagnosis of and response to modernity. In closing, the essay takes up two Won-Buddhist agendas that are also of global concern: gender equality and the “church and state” relation.

Journal for Islamic Studies

African Journals Online (AJOL)

It is committed to the publication of original research on Islam as culture and civilization. It particularly welcomes work of an interdisciplinary nature that brings together history, religion, politics, culture and law. The Journal has a special focus on Islam in Africa, and on contemporary Islamic Thought. All articles are subject to ...

ISLAMIC BUSINESS ETHICS BETWEEN REALITY

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Hasyim Nawawi

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Abstrak: Sesungguhnya sejarah etika bisnis Islam tidak dapat dipisahkan dari sejarah induknya yakni ekonomi Islam, sedangkan ekonomi Islam berusia setua Islam itu sendiri. Sebagaimana kita ketahui, misi mulia Rasulullah SAW. di muka bumi adalah membangun masyarakat yang beradab. Adapun prinsip-prinsip dasar etika bisnis Islam yang ditanamkan oleh Rasulullah adalah sebagai berikut: (1 berlandaskan ketauhidan (keesaan, (2 keadilan (keseimbangan, (3 kebebasan berikhtiyar, (4 amanah (bertanggung jawab, (5 menegakkan kebenaran, kebajikan dan kejujuran. Dalam konteks keindonesiaan, penegakan hukum dalam bisnis sebenarnya sebagian besar sudah dilaksanakan, meskipun pelaksanaannya berbeda dengan bisnis yang dijalankan pada masa awal peradaban Islam. Pada awal peradaban Islam sudah terdapat lembaga pengawasan (al-hisbah yang fungsinya adalah meninjau keberadaan bisnis di pasar, baik dari segi halal dan haramnya produk yang dijual, ukuran timbangan, kejujuran seorang penjual, dan hal-hal lain yang merugikan. Ukuran penegakan  hukum di Indonesia didasarkan atas klausul yang menyangkut hal-hal yang merugikan orang lain, bukan terkait halal dan haramnya produk. Dalam implementasinya diharapkan pelaku bisnis mampu melaksanakan dengan menekankan pada cara yang dikenalkan Islam dalam etika berbisnis yang Islami. Bisnis dalam bidang-bidang yang halal, bermanfaat positif, tidak dengan penipuan, harus disampaikan dengan apa adanya (jujur, serta tidak merusak lingkungan dan  ekosistem yang lainnya. Abstract: Actually, the history of the Islamic business ethics cannot be separated from its parent’s history which is the Islamic economics, whereas the Islamic economics is as old as the religion of Islam itself. As we know, the noble mission of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him in this world is to build a civilized society. The basic principles of Islamic business ethics instilled by Muhammad is follows: (1 based on tawhid (oneness of Allah, (2 justice

ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN THE STUDY OFISLAMIC PSYCHOLOGY

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Nurussakinah Daulay

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Tulisan ini berupaya menjelaskan pendidikan Islam dalam kajian Psikologi Islam. Psikologi Islam adalah suatu pendekatan studidalam memahami kejiwaan  dan perilaku manusia yang berdasarkan konsep tauhid, dengan cara integrasi antara ilmu dan iman. PsikologiIslam adalah sebuah bentuk  psikologi yang berlandaskan citra manusiamenurut ajaran Islam, mempelajari keunika n dan pola perilaku manusia sebagai ungkapan pengalaman interaksi dengan diri sendiri, lingkungan sekitar, dan alam rohani dengan tujuan meningkatkan kesehatan mentaldan kualitas hidup keberagamaan, serta menggapai kebahagiaan hidup  di dunia dan di akhirat. Salah satu upaya untuk dapat membangunkem bali peradaban manusia dan penyempurnaan konsep perilaku manusia itu adalah dengan berpendidikan dan memahami konsepkonsep pendidikan dalam Islam, serta penyempurnaan jiwa yang diisi dengan iman dapatlah dibahas dalam kajian ilmu Psikologi Islam yang berlandaskan pada Al-Qur’an dan Hadist. Dalam pendidikan Islam telah diletakkan dasar-dasar Al-Qur’an yang berkenaan dengan tujuan pendidikan Islam dan materi-materi yang harus diajarkan dalam pendidikan Islam. Materi-materi yang akan disampaikan sebaiknya menggunakan metode yang menarik dan menjadi persoalan esensial dalam rangka tercapainya tujuan pendidikan Islam yang diharapkan. Berdasarkan pada begitu eratnya antara tugas psikologi Islam yang lebih menekankan pada jiwa ini sangat berpengaruh dalam ilmu pendidikan Islam. Jiwa yang bersih tentunya akan mudah dalam menerima dan mengaplikasikan konsep-konsep pendidikan Islam yang berdasarkan pada Al-Qur’an dan Sunnah Rasulullah SAW. Di atas kedua pilar ini lah dibangun konsep dasar pendidikan Islam. Titik tolaknya dimulai dari konsep manusia menurut IslamKeywords: Islamic Psychology, Islamic Education, Human, Life, Behavior

Perkembangan Islam di Pulau Ambalau: Kajian atas Data Arkeologi dan Tradisi Makam Islam Berundak

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Wuri Handoko

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Abstrak Kajian terhadap perkembangan Islam salah satunya menyangkut apek karakteristik Islam dapat dilihat melalui lensa arkeologi berdasarkan temuan artefak maupun fitur. Dalam aspek budaya material tersebut, dapat memperlihatkan perkembangan nilai budaya yang terkandung dalam konteks sistem dan transformasi nilai budaya sejak masa lampau hingga kini. Data arkeologi yang menunjukkan karakter megalitis hingga data arkeologi Islam serta tradisi keagamaan yang berlaku pada mayarakat Ambalau, memberikan gambaran tentang perkembangan religi mayarakat lokal sejak kepercayaan atau religi masa prasejarah hingga munculnya Islam. Dari data arkeologi dan tradisi yang masih bertahan, memberikan gambaran bahwa agama Islam berkembang dengan tetap mengakomodir kepercayaan lokal yang berbasis pada kepercayaan terhadap leluhur. Bentuk makam kuno berundak, adalah salah satu wujud material budaya yang menggambarkan bahwa masyarakat sangat menghormati leluhur.   Abstract The study on the development of Islam one of which involves stale Islamic characteristics can be seen through the lens based on the findings of archaeological artifacts and features. In the aspect of material culture, can show the development of cultural values   embodied in the context of the system and transformation of cultural values from the past until now. Archaeological data indicate that the data character megalitis Islamic archeology and religious traditions prevailing in society Ambalau, gives an overview of the development of local people’s religious beliefs or religious since prehistoric times until the advent of Islam. Of archaeological data and traditions still survive, giving the impression that Islam evolved with fixed accommodate local beliefs based on trust towards ancestors. The shape of an ancient tomb staircase, is one manifestation of cultural material that illustrates that the community is honoring ancestors.

Perkembangan Islam dan Praktek Islam dalam Selebaran Film Indonesia di Era Soeharto (1966-1998

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Christopher A Woodrich

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Using a corpus of 300 film flyers issued between 1966 and 1998, this article examines how Islam was depicted in advertisements for Indonesian films under the Suharto government. It finds that, although explicit symbols of Islamic religiosity were generally not included in film flyers, such depictions could still be found, both in flyers for films intended to preach Islamic values as well as in flyers for films with more general themes. Markers of Islam identified include turbans, skullcaps, headscarves, language, the Qur'an, prayers, prayer beads, mosques, and the Kaaba, all of which were used to portray an Islamic identity that was in some ways highly normative while in other ways quite diverse. Though these flyers tempered the exclusivity of Islamic identity, they are also indicative of the religion's special position in contemporary Indonesian popular discourse. The use of these markers, thus, underscores the dynamicity and fluidity of discourse on Islamic identity in Suharto-era Indonesia and emphasizes the need to recognize the contributions of popular culture to national discourse of identity, religious or otherwise.

Islam og Islamisme

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Simonsen, Jørgen Bæk

2010-01-01

En præsentation og en kritik af nyere international forskning i islam og islamisme Udgivelsesdato: Februar......En præsentation og en kritik af nyere international forskning i islam og islamisme Udgivelsesdato: Februar...

Early Islamic Syria

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Walmsley, Alan

After more than a century of neglect, a profound revolution is occurring in the way archaeology addresses and interprets developments in the social history of early Islamic Syria-Palestine. This concise book offers an innovative assessment of social and economic developments in Syria-Palestine sh......After more than a century of neglect, a profound revolution is occurring in the way archaeology addresses and interprets developments in the social history of early Islamic Syria-Palestine. This concise book offers an innovative assessment of social and economic developments in Syria......-Palestine shortly before, and in the two centuries after, the Islamic expansion (the later sixth to the early ninth century AD), drawing on a wide range of new evidence from recent archaeological work. Alan Walmsley challenges conventional explanations for social change with the arrival of Islam, arguing...

DISKURSUS ISLAM DALAM KONSTRUKSI MEDIA

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Muhammad Fahmi

2015-12-01

Full Text Available This paper aims to examine how the secular media in Surakarta represent Islam in the case of Charlie Hebdo. Therefore, this study used discourse analysis of Theo van Leeuwen focusing on how the subject or actor of the show in the media. This study concluded that the media represent Islam not only with “Western ideology” through idioms such as radical Islamist militants and terrorists, but also with "Islamic ideology". It is done through the construction of Islam as a religion of moderation and delegitimize Charlie Hebdo as magazine satyr abusing freedom. Various strategies are used ranging from strategy passivation to interdetermination. In this case, there are two poles of attraction in both media, namely the Western and Islamic ideology. If both media are quoting from Western sources, the Western ideology dominates the media narrative. Conversely, when both media used Islamic sources, the influence of Islamic ideology dominates the narrative of both media.

Internalisasi Multikulturalisme dalam Pendidikan Islam

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Siti Julaiha

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Human and humanity are positive and optimistic. In Islam, all human come from one source; Nabi Adam and Hawa. Although, human is from the same ancestor, but then they are flourishing into different races, tribes, or nations, with all different cultures and way of life. Those differences provoke them know others and appreciate others. This is, then, called “universal humanity” perspective by Islam that will determine and push the solidarity among others. Multiculturalisme-paradigmed education or multicultural education in Islamic education has been applying for many years. It just need to reform and reinforce, so the Islamic education practitioners realize it and implement it in the all level of Islamic education. Multicultural education has inherently established since the birth of Indonesia, as wellknown of Bhineka Tunggal Ika, gotong royong, helpful, and appreciate others. That is a huge foundation to improve the quality of Islamic multicultural education bigger and bigger. This paper proposes some ideas in internalizasing the Islamic multicultural education.

An economic theory of Islamic finance

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Mabid Ali Al-Jarhi

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Purpose - This paper aims to provide an economic rationale for Islamic finance. Design/methodology/approach - Its methodology is simple. It starts with listing the contributions to economic analysis relevant to the required rationale in the theories of banking, finance, price, money and macroeconomics, to identify the main rationale for Islamic finance. A concise description of the author’s model for an Islamic economic system, within which Islamic finance can be operational, is provided. Findings - The paper finds distinct advantages of Islamic finance, when properly applied within the author’s model. Islamic finance can therefore be a candidate as a reform agenda for conventional finance. It opens the door for significant monetary reform in currently prevalent economic systems. Research limitations/implications - The first limitation of the paper is that the distinct benefits of Islamic finance are all of macroeconomic types which are external to Islamic banking and finance institutions. They are therefore not expected to motivate such institutions to apply Islamic finance to the letter, without regulators interference to ensure strict application. The second limitation is the necessity to set up enabling institutional and regulatory arrangements for Islamic finance. Originality/value - The results are unique as they challenge the received doctrine and provide non-religious rationale for Islamic finance.

Paradigma Keilmuan Manajemen Pendidikan Islam

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Irawan

2016-11-01

Full Text Available When the word “Islam” is attached to the subject “Education Management” and become “Islamic Education Management” it would rise a question whether or not it is a science? If It is a science, what is the assurance that truly represent it as a science? This paper tries to proof that Islamic education management could be considered as a science and it bears its own scientific paradigm. The analysis employs the critical realism school of Stephen Ackroyd in the philosophy of management as well as numbers of episthemeological issues of organizational practices by Frits Schipper that are brought to the context of Islamic education. The analysis shows that the formal object of Islamic education management is management science, whereas, its material object is management practices of educational activities in Islamic education institutions such as madrasah, pesantren (boarding school dan Islamic schools. The researches in Islamic education management focus on facts, context, event and cases happened in that institutions, by not merely attaching Qur’anic verses in the existing theory of education management, so that it looks Islamic, since the Qur’an is also contextual with its asbabun nuzul (the causes of revelation concept

A Discourse of Transformative Islam within Curriculum Transformation at State Institute for Islamic Studies of Purwokerto (IAIN Purwokerto

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Sabarudin

2017-06-01

Full Text Available This research is aimed to trace the thoughts and actions as efforts to achieve vision and mission of state institute for Islamic studies of Purwokerto (IAIN. The study is directed to answer following questions. Firstly, why transformative Islam becomes a discourse on curriculum development. Secondly, how a discourse of transformative Islam implicates in curriculum development at state institute for Islamic studies of Purwokerto (IAIN. Then, the findings show that a discourse of Islam tranformative in curriculum development at state institute for Islamic studies of Purwokerto (IAIN emerges as a result of an incapability of traditional and modern Islam perspective to resolve people’s problem due to lack of critical understanding of the meaning and message of the Qur’an and Hadith. Then, implication of Islamic transformative discourse in curriculum development at state institute for Islamic studies of Purwokerto can be seen in its intra curricular activities, co-curricular, and extra curricular activities. Through intra-curricular activities, transformative Islam is embodied in Islamic building lectures. In co-curricular program, Islam is indigenized through activity of knowledge and practice of worship (nationally abbreviated PPI, while within extra-curricular activities transformative Islamic values come into student activities which are strongly supported by policies of university leaders.

ONTOLOGI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM : HAKIKAT PENDIDIKAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM

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Muh Mustakim

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Education in Islam covers totality of three aspects of life, namely, ruhiyah (spirit, fikriyah (understanding, brain, and amaliyah (deed, body that are performed gradually in all lines of life. Indonesia government is enthusiastically encouraging a societal-based education, an education that is based on character building. However, ironically we are exposed to a sickness society phenomenon, for example, pornographic video case. The pornographic video was blasphemed and blamed by various society elements, but on the other hand, many people were even hunting for the pornographic video. It proves that our society has no strong moral protective power. Purposes of this article are to know and to prove essence of Islam as a syamil-mutakammil (comprehensive religion in explaining the importance of education in building characters of Islam.

DAKWAH ISLAM DAN RADIKALISME AGAMA

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M. Isfironi M. Bisri Djalil

2016-07-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT A thing closely related to bustle the life of the religious contemporary is radicalism phenomenon. The question is: Does Islam teach radicalism? The answer of this question always problematic. It is caused by every religion (either Islam or the other viewed as an acceptance that granted as a divinity instrument that teaches everything in goodness. Islam is a religion that provide of security, comfort, calmness as more strengthening for all its adherents. In Indonesia, radical Islamic groups often associated with groups like company of Salafy (Bandung, Islamic Youth Front (FPIS, Islamic Defender Front (FPI, Jihad’s Troop of Ahlus Sunnah Wal Jama’ah, The Tribunal of Indonesian Mujahidin, Hizbut Tahrir of Indonesia. The movement of Islam in Indonesia cannot be viewed as a monolithic movement or uniform in the same of political interest. That moment, political global movement has variation in the perspective, motive, strategy and action. One thing that same as the source of radicalism is the definition of the concept of jihad. Eventually, the construction of jihad affects the Islamic propaganda (dakwah ideology and movement. Ideally the realization of the concept of Jihad is not led to radicalism. If indeed reflect to the era of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh, then it must be conceived with the conditions encountered at that time.   Key Words: Islamic Propaganda, Jihad, Radicalism

Islam as a Civilization

Science.gov (United States)

Butterworth, Charles E.

2012-01-01

The attention in the West, especially in the United States, now accorded Islam and those who conduct themselves according to its precepts betrays woeful ignorance of both. As Graham Fuller has persuasively argued in his recent book, "A World Without Islam", Western culture owes much to Islam as well as to Muslims and would be greatly impoverished…

Methodology of Islamic psychotheraphy in Islamic boarding school Suryalaya Tasik Malaya

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Khairunnas Rajab

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Islamic Psychotherapy is a methodology that is based on the Quran andSunnah. The Quran and Sunnah are sources of knowledge. Islamic psychotherapyprovides solutions to mental disorder. Suryalaya Boarding school hasprovided guidance to patients who are addicted to drugs in order to be recovered.The Islamic psychotherapy model applied at the boarding school is theSufism-based approach. Sufism is a way to get closer to God. Through theapproach, drug-addicted patients can be cured. If the patients realize that Godanswers their prayers through worship, the sense of sinfulness and guiltinesswill gradually disappear. The boarding school has been implementing Islamicpsychotherapy of Qadiriyyah-Naqsyabandiyyah approach. Through the approach,the patients succeeded to be completely recovered. This article attempts toexplain the important roles of the school in treating patients suffering frommental disorder due to misuse of drugs.Psikoterapi Islam adalah sebuah metodologi yang berdasarkan al-Qur’an danal-Sunnah. Al-Qur’an dan al-Sunnah adalah sumber ilmu pengetahuan.Psikoterapi Islam memberikan solusi bagi orang-orang yang mengalamigangguan mental. Pondok Pesantren Suryalaya telah melakukan pembinaan terhadap pasien yang kecanduan narkotika. Model psikoterapi Islam yangditerapkan di pondok pesantren ini adalah psikoterapi dengan pendekatantasawuf. Melalui pendekatan Tasawuf pasien narkotika dapat dipulihkan.Tasawuf adalah upaya seseorang untuk mendekatkan diri kepada Tuhannya.Apabila pasien narkotika menyadari bahwa Allah mengabulkan doa-doa melaluiibadah, maka perasaan berdosa dan bersalah secara bertahap akan hilang.Pondok Pesantren Suryalaya selama ini telah menerapkan sebuah modelpsikoterapi Islam dengan pendekatan thariqat Qadiriyyah-Naqsyabandiyyah.Dengan Thariqat Qadiriyyah-Naqsyabandiyah pasien-pasien narkotika dapatdisembuhkan secara sempurna. Artikel ini berupaya menjelaskan peran pentingPondok Pesantren Suryalaya dalam penyembuhan pasien

Psikoanalisa Islam, Menggali Struktur Psikis Manusia dalam Perspektif Islam

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Lalu Heri Afrizal

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Pengaruh Teori Psikoanalisa Sigmund Freud dalam kajian psikologi modern cukup dominan mewarnai ilmu pengetahuan secara umum yang berbicara tentang manusia, seperti kedokteran, filsafat, agama, seni, sastra, antropologi, maupun politik. Padahal teori-teori Freud tentang konsep manusia, yang menjadi basis utama dalam mengkaji prilaku dan kejiwaan manusia, sangat dipengaruhi oleh doktrin ateisme yang dianutnya. Kondisi ini tentu sangat memprihatinkan. Sebab, ketika psikologi semacam ini diajarkan dan diyakini oleh umat Islam yang belum sadar terhadap paradigma psikologi modern, maka akan menjadi masalah. Padahal doktrin-doktrin di dalamnya sangat bertentangan dengan ajaran Islam. Sementara itu, kajian-kajian ilmuwan Muslim kontemporer mengenai hal ini belum banyak mewarnai. Oleh karena itu,sangat diperlukan kajian mendalam mengenai ilmu psikologi yang berbasis pandangan hidup Islam, sehingga ditemukan konsep manusia yang utuh dan islami. Tulisan ini mencoba mengkaji permasalahan psikologi melalui kajian tematis-analitis terhadap teks-teks al-Qur’an dan al-Hadits. Sebagai perbandingan, kajian dimulai dengan mengungkap konsep manusia menurut Psikoanalisa Sigmund Freud, kemudian disusul pembahasan tentang struktur psikis manusia menurut Islam.

Islamic Development Bank

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1978-06-01

The Islamic Development Bank (IDB) was opened formally in October 1975 to foster the economic development and social progress of its member countries and Moslem communities individually as well as jointly in accordance with the priniciples of Islamic law. Its functions include participation in equity capital, granting loans for projects and enterprises, extending training facilities, and promoting foreign trade, especially in capital goods, among the member countries. The 34-member Bank is capitalized at 2 billion Islamic Dinars and located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Pre-modern Islamic medical ethics and Graeco-Islamic-Jewish embryology.

Science.gov (United States)

Ghaly, Mohammed

2014-02-01

This article examines the, hitherto comparatively unexplored, reception of Greek embryology by medieval Muslim jurists. The article elaborates on the views attributed to Hippocrates (d. ca. 375 BC), which received attention from both Muslim physicians, such as Avicenna (d. 1037), and their Jewish peers living in the Muslim world including Ibn Jumay' (d. ca. 1198) and Moses Maimonides (d. 1204). The religio-ethical implications of these Graeco-Islamic-Jewish embryological views were fathomed out by the two medieval Muslim jurists Shihāb al-Dīn al-Qarāfī (d. 1285) and Ibn al-Qayyim (d. 1350). By putting these medieval religio-ethical discussions into the limelight, the article aims to argue for a two-pronged thesis. Firstly, pre-modern medical ethics did exist in the Islamic tradition and available evidence shows that this field had a multidisciplinary character where the Islamic scriptures and the Graeco-Islamic-Jewish medical legacy were highly intertwined. This information problematizes the postulate claiming that medieval Muslim jurists were hostile to the so-called 'ancient sciences'. Secondly, these medieval religio-ethical discussions remain playing a significant role in shaping the nascent field of contemporary Islamic bioethics. However, examining the exact character and scope of this role still requires further academic ventures. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Experiencing Change, Encountering the Unknown: An Education in "Negative Capability" in Light of Buddhism and Levinas

Science.gov (United States)

Todd, Sharon

2015-01-01

This article offers a reading of the philosophies of Emmanuel Levinas and Theravada Buddhism across and through their differences in order to rethink an education that is committed to "negative capability" and the sensibility to uncertainty that this entails. In fleshing this out, I first explore Buddhist ideas of impermanence, suffering…

Implementasi Ruhul Islam terhadap Pembentukan Karakter Mahasiswa di Perguruan Tinggi Berbasis Islam dan Teknologi Informasi

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Mochamad Malik Akbar Rohandi

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Ruhul Islam is the core spirit of Islam that is the identity or characteristic of an individual or Islamic institution that has a mental attitude. It always guided by morals, according to the guidance of Islamic teachings so that can create a brotherhood of fellow Muslims in bringing people to a better state. The objective of this research is to know the comparison of Ruhul Islam application level to the embedded character in college student based on Islam and technology. Explanatory research method used primary data of field observation and questionnaire and secondary data, sample using Slovin formula and purposive sampling method with error rate of 10%, interconnection between variables using path analysis. Characteristics of respondents majority of women, active age 18-21 year students, high school graduates and the origin of UNISBA students 67% of Bandung while Telkom 82% outside Bandung. Implementation of Islamic values ​​with character formation in Islamic universities has a stronger relationship than information technology-based colleges with a R2 level of 37% versus 32.8%, more than 60% character formation can be influenced by other factors or variables.

Konsep Ilmu dalam Islam

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Achmad Reza Hutama al-Faruqi

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Concept of science in Islam has its own universal dimension, metaphysic and empiric, and diffenrent from sciences came from Western worldview which limited in empiric dimension. It will be in the case that the concept of science in Islam is one of integral part of Islamic worldview; so that it has its own characteristics differed from another concept of science in other civilizations. Science according to Islamic worldview is not only cover substance of knowledge, but becomes important element in civilization as well. Related to the important of position of science, number of scholar such as Ibnu Khaldun, Imam al Ghazali, or Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas gave several features of science to know which one has higher priority, to be associated with how the concept of science in Islam decided later. From the discussion offered by the scholars, it will be understood that science in Islam not only encompasses theology and law, but also there is a row of other sciences such as physics, biology, and so forth need to be studied. The acquisition method of each branch of sciences have their own approach, both of internal and external sense, khabar s}a>diq, and the third is intellect. A Muslim should solidly hold the Islamic tradition and not too impressed with the tradition of Western scholarly even it looks more attractive.

PRINSIP DAN KRITERIA PERIKLANAN DARI PERSPEKTIF ISLAM

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Teuku Meldi Kesuma

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Advertising in marketing Islamic products must be believed and understood as an important part of marketing based on Islam which should not be separated. This paper examines the principles and criteria of the advertising in the perspective of Islam. It is caused by the increasing of the companies and institutions which are based on Islamic values such as Islamic financial institutions that promote its products the consumers. The important issues discussed in this paper is how the real of concepts, principles, and criteria of Islamic advertising? Therefore this paper is developing an advertising concept from the perspective of Islam and to know for sure whether the principles and criteria that should exist in advertising Islam. The methodology applied in this paper is through literature review by using content analysis. Hopefully, this study could develop an Islamic perspective advertisement concept in terms of principles and criteria. =========================================== Periklanan dalam memasarkan produk-produk Islam harus diyakini dan di pahami merupakan bahagian penting dalam pemasaran yang berdasarkan Islam yang tidak boleh dipisahkan. Tulisan ini mengkaji prinsip-prinsip dan kriteria periklanan dalam perspektif Islam. Hal ini disebabkan semakin ramai dan tingginya pertumbuhan perusahaan dan institusi yang berlandaskan nilai-nilai Islam seperti institusi keuangan Islam yang mempromosikan produk dan perkhidmatannya kepada orang ramai. Persoalan penting yang dibahas dalam kertas kerja ini adalah bagaimanakah bentuk konsep, prinsip dan kriteria periklanan Islam yang sebenarnya? Oleh karena itu tujuan kertas kerja ini adalah untuk membangun satu konsep periklanan dari perspektif Islam dan untuk mengenal pasti apakah prinsip-prinsip serta kriteria yang seharusnya ada dalam periklanan Islam. Metodologi kajian yang digunakan dalam kertas kerja ini adalah metode kepustakaan dengan menggunakan analisis isi. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat

OS DIREITOS HUMANOS SOB A ÓTICA DAS DIFERENTES TRADIÇÕES RELIGIOSAS

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Giselle Marques de Araújo

2011-07-01

Full Text Available A doutrina contemporânea dos direitos humanos vem sendo construída a partir de consensos estabelecidos entre os países integrantes da Organização das Nações Unidas, que possibilitaram a Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos de 1948, aceito como mais importante documento em relação ao tema. Neste artigo, retratamos a análise de cientistas sociais que procuram verificar se existiria uma base comum entre esta doutrina e as diferentes tradições religiosas por eles professadas: islamismo, budismo, confucionismo e hinduísmo.Defendemos a idéia de que as identidades tradicionais precisam ser explicitadas e valorizadasno espaço público, onde a dimensão espiritual do ser humano merece ser contemplada. // The contemporary doctrine of human rights has been constructed from the consensus established among the member countries of the United Nations, which allowed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948, accepted as the most important document in this regard. In this article we have depicted the analysis of social scientists who seek to verify whether there was common ground between this doctrine and the different religious traditions which they professed: Islam, Buddhism, Confucianism and Hinduism. We support the idea that identities need to be spelled traditional and valued in the public space, where the spiritual dimension of human being deserves to be considered.

Near-Death Experiences in a Multi-religious Hospital Population in Sri Lanka.

Science.gov (United States)

Chandradasa, Miyuru; Wijesinghe, Chamara; Kuruppuarachchi, K A L A; Perera, Mahendra

2017-07-01

Near-death experiences (NDEs) are a wide range of experiences that occur in association with impending death. There are no published studies on NDEs in general hospital populations, and studies have been mainly conducted on critically ill patients. We assessed the prevalence of NDEs and its associations in a multi-religious population in a general hospital in Sri Lanka. A randomised sample of patients admitted to the Colombo North Teaching Hospital was assessed using the Greyson NDE scale and clinical assessment. Out of total 826 participants, NDEs were described by 3%. Compared to the NDE-negative participants, the NDE-positive group had a significantly higher mean for age and a ratio of men. Women reported deeper NDEs. Patients of theistic religions (Christianity, Islam and Hinduism) reported significantly more NDEs compared to patients from the non-theistic religious group (Buddhism). NDE-positive patient group had significantly higher reporting of a feeling 'that they are about to die', the presence of loss of consciousness and a higher percentage of internal medical patients. This is the first time that NDEs are assessed in a general hospital population and NDEs being reported from Sri Lanka. We also note for the first time that persons with theistic religious beliefs reported more NDEs than those with non-theistic religious beliefs. Medical professionals need to be aware of these phenomena to be able to give an empathic hearing to patients who have NDE.

Religion, health beliefs and the use of mental health services by the elderly.

Science.gov (United States)

Ng, Tze Pin; Nyunt, Ma Shwe Zin; Chiam, Peak Chiang; Kua, Ee Heok

2011-03-01

Few studies have investigated whether elderly people of particular religious affiliations were more or less likely to seek treatment for mental illness, and whether it was related to their health beliefs. In the National Mental Survey of Elderly Singaporeans in 2004, data were collected on reported religious affiliations, and 1-year prevalence of mental disorders (DSM-IV diagnoses of psychiatric disorders) from diagnostic interviews using the Geriatric Mental State schedule, self-report of treatment for mental health problems, and health beliefs about the curability of mental illness, embarrassment and stigma, ease in discussing mental problems, effectiveness and safety of treatment, and trust in professionals. Compared to those with no religious affiliation, elderly people of all religious affiliations showed higher prevalence of mental health problems, yet reported less frequent treatment by healthcare professionals. In multivariate analyses, the adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of association with seeking treatment were for Christianity, 0.12 (0.02-0.57); Islam, 0.12 (0.01-1.31); Buddhism/Taoism, 0.59 (0.18-1.88); and Hinduism, 0.21 (0.02-2.56) versus no affiliation. Various religious affiliations differ from each other and from non-religious affiliation on some negative health beliefs, but they did not adequately explain why religious affiliates were less likely to seek treatment. Further studies should evaluate the lower tendency of elderly people with religious affiliations to seek treatment for mental health problems.

Islam Nusantara antara Ortodoksi dan Heterodoksi

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Akhiyat Akhiyat

2017-05-01

Abstrak: Corak keberagamaan masyarakat Indonesia atau Islam Nusantara telah memiliki kekhasan tersendiri. Bentuk yang dapat ditemukan dari perbedaan corak Islam Nusantara dengan negara-negara lain di Timur Tengah, terutama negara asal Islam, Arab Saudi, yaitu dari segi kekhasan khasanah pengalaman dan pengamalan batin masyarakat Indonesia sebagai pemeluknya. Dapat dikatakan bahwa Islam Nusantara adalah Islam sebagai ajaran akhlak dan moral bagi pemeluknya, dan bukan Islam sebagai ideologi yang tidak menghargai pemahaman kelompok lain. Berangkat dari perbedaan corak antara Islam Nusantara dengan Islam dengan negara lain, tidak lepas dari latar belakang historis keberadaan tradisi pengalaman budaya dan kepercayaan religiusitas para pendahulunya. Islam Nusantara yang telah menjadi bagian penting pemeluknya di Indonesia, dilihat dari segi kepatutan masyarakat penganutnya, dapat dikategorikan sebagai “Islam ortodoksi humanis.” Mereka dalam menjalankan Islam senantiasa masih mempertahankan nilai-nilai normatif keberagamaannya, berpegang kepada al-Qur’an dan al-Hadis. Di samping itu, mereka juga menjalankan ajaran historis, yang mana peran nilai-nilai spiritualitas, nilai-nilai batiniah (esoteris dalam agama, terutama nilai-nilai moralitas kemanusiaan telah menjadi prinsip yang sangat urgen dalam kehidupannya. Sebagaimana ritus-ritus yang pada tataran realita kehidupan masyarakatnya, dalam setiap momen ritus kehidupannya tidak lepas dengan yang namanya mengadakan suatu sikap religiusitas (upacara ritus kehidupan, memohon pertolongan kepada sesuatu kekuatan (ghaib di luar dirinya, dalam bahasa agama memohon pertolongan kepada Sang Maha Kuasa, Tuhan pencipta alam.

ISLAM ABOGE DALAM TRADISI JAWA ALASTUA

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Sakirman Sakirman

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Islam masuk ke tanah Jawa dalam keadaan penduduknya telah memiliki tradisi dan budaya berupa kepercayaan adanya kekuatan pada benda-benda tertentu (dinamisme, adanya kekuatan pada arwah orang yang meninggal (animisme dan kepercayaan adanya kekuatan pada binatang-binatang (totemisme. Tradisi ini telah diwariskan secara turun temurun, diyakini, dan diamalkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Ketika Islam datang, keyakinan dan kepercayaan tersebut  melebur dalam budaya Islam. Sehingga munculah apa yang disebut dengan sinkretisme Islam, yaitu akulturasi budaya Islam dengan tradisi lokal. Di antara bentuk akulturasi budaya lokal (Jawa dengan Islam adalah tradisi yang dianut oleh komunitas Islam Aboge. Komunitas ini melaksanakan tradisi-tradisi Jawa dengan dibumbui tradisi Islam, maka munculah Islam dengan cita rasa lokal (islam lokal. Kekhasan dari komunitas ini adalah masih menggunakan model Penanggalan Islam Jawa yakni Penanggalan Aboge untuk menetapkan awal Ramadhan, Hari Raya Idhul Fitri dan Idhul Adha. Kata Aboge adalah singkatan dari Alip Rebo Wage yang mempunyai arti Tanggal 1 Muharram Tahun Alif akan jatuh pada hari Rebo (Rabu pasaran Wage. Aboge adalah dasar perhitungan almanak (kalender dalam satu windu atau delapan tahun, maka yang dimaksud Aboge adalah dasar suatu perhitungan. Penggunaan penanggalan dengan sistem Aboge mengakibatkan pelaksanaan ibadah puasa, perayaan Idhul Fitri, dan Idhul Adha yang dilaksanakan oleh komunitas Aboge selalu mengalami perbedaan  dengan keputusan yang telah ditetapkan oleh pemerintah melalui sidang Itsbat.

Islamic Banking in Global Economic Context (Critical Studies of Operational System and Performance of Islamic Banking

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Jamal Abdul Aziz

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Berdasarkan kajian terhadap sejarah kemunculan dan sistem operasional Bank Islam beserta kinerjanya, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa konsep bank Islam pada hakekatnya merupakan bentuk islamisasi terhadap institusi perbankan. Hanya saja proses islamisasi yang terjadi baru sebatas pada aspek-aspek yang bersifat marginal, artifisial, dan formal-institusional, seperti penggantian istilah-istilah teknis dalam dunia perbankan dengan istilah yang berasal dari fikih muamalah, penghapusan bunga, dan penolakan terhadap praktek-praktek bisnis yang haram. Selebihnya, bank Islam tidak berbeda dengan bank konvensional. Dampak dari islamisasi yang kurang substansial-komprehensif tersebut adalah timbulnya kesan bahwa bank Islam justru ‘terbelenggu’ oleh konsep-konsep fikih klasik yang mendasarinya, di mana ia cenderung kontra produktif dengan tren  bisnis moderen yang senantiasa menuntut efisiensi dan fleksibilitas. Agar tetap dapat survive di masa-masa mendatang, bank Islam perlu mengevaluasi diri secara terus menerus dengan selalu membuka diri terhadap berbagai kritikan yang dialamatkan kepadanya. Konsepsi yang terlalu berorientasi kepada doktrin harus diimbangi dengan kesadaran akan fakta-fakta dan tuntutan bisnis moderen, baik yang berskala lokal maupun global. Sementara itu cita-cita Islam yang ideal, seperti pemberantasan kemiskinan, pendistribusian kekayaan secara adil, dan penciptaan lapangan kerja, harus tetap menjadi orientasi utamanya. Kata Kunci:Riba, Profit and Loss Sharing, Mudlârabah, Murâbahah, Artificial Aspects of Islam  Abstract:Based on the study of the history of emergence and operation of Islamic Bank and its system performance, the author conclude that the concept of Islamic bank is essentially a form of Islamization of the banking institutions. Such Islamization are limited to the marginal, artificial, and formal-institutional aspects, such as the replacement of technical terms in the banking world with a term derived from the fiqh

Proper Islamic Consumption

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fischer, Johan

mobile, religiously committed communities to the opportunities and perils presented by modernisation. It also tells us something about the debates concerning the meanings and practices of Islam within an aggressive, globalised, secularised modernity. In Malaysia this is an especially intriguing issue...... spite of a long line of social theory analyzing the spiritual in the economic, and vice versa, very little of the recent increase in scholarship on Islam addresses its relationship with capitalism. Johan Fischer’s book,Proper Islamic Consumption, begins to fill this gap. […] Fischer’s detailed...

Islamic studies and religious reform. Ignaz goldziher - A crossroads of judaism, christianity and islam

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jung, Dietrich

2013-01-01

In light of the dichotomous representation of the relationship between Islam and the West, the life and work of Ignaz Goldziher appears to be an utter anachronism. By applying the methodologies of Protestant biblical criticism to the study of Islamic traditions, the Hungarian scholar of Islam and...

PASANG SURUT HUBUNGAN ISLAM-BARAT

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Salman Hamdani

2016-11-01

Full Text Available This paper is a literature review (literature research that uses John Esposito’s books as primary data sources and other figures’ statements about the relationship between Islam and the West as its secondary data source. The method of analyzing data used descriptive, interpretative, and analytical methods. The findings of this research are: first, based on historical fact, there is strong theological bond between Islam and the West, i.e. there are common ground and similarities between Islam and the West who inherited the Jewish and Christian traditions. These three religions inherited the tradition of Prophet Ibrahim. However, existing theological equation between Christianity and Islam became the cause of the collision between the two. Second, the historical problems between Islam and the West can be seen from the root of the conflicts, which include theological and political ones. Conflict between Islam and the West are covered with political motives. In contrast, religion is only used as a theological justification to culturally and theologically distinguish Islam and the West. Basically the difference is more driven by political interests. Third, as an effort to build a global coalition agreement, both sides should actively promote cooperation. Therefore, the most important thing is that the meet between Islam and the West should be interpreted as a civilization dialogue, not confrontation or distrust. the Building ideal relationship as well as the need for harmonization between Islam and Western civilization are also needed.

Islamic values in the Kuwaiti curriculum

Science.gov (United States)

Alshahen, Ghanim A.

This study investigated the influence of Islamic values on the curriculum, in particular the Islamic studies and science curricula. Three questionnaires were developed, validated, and used to investigate teachers' and pupils' attitudes toward Islamic values in the curriculum. Four main sections deal with Islamic values in the Islamic studies and science curricula, namely: Islamic values in the textbook, teaching Islamic values, the relationship between Islamic values and the science curriculum, and the Islamic values model. Two instruments were used in this study: questionnaires and interviews. Both qualitative and quantitative data were generated from the sample, which consisted of Islamic studies and science teachers and supervisors in intermediate schools, and pupils studying in the eighth grade in intermediate schools. In the last case, the data were gathered by questionnaire only. The interviews and questionnaires provided explanatory data. The research was carried out in three phases, considering respectively 55 Islamic studies teachers, 55 science teachers who teach the eighth grade in intermediate schools, and 786 pupils who study in the eighth grade in 20 schools. In each school, the researcher selected two classes. This thesis consists of eight chapters. Chapter One provides a general introduction and highlights the general framework of this study. Chapter Two is concerned with the development of the education system in Kuwait and the objectives of the Islamic studies and science curricula in the intermediate stage. Chapter Three presents the conceptions of values, the Islamic values model, and Islamic values in the curriculum. Chapter Four describes the objectives of the study, and its research design methods and procedures used to develop the instruments. The sampling procedure, the data collection procedures, and the statistical methods used to analyse the data are also described. Chapter Five presents and interprets the findings of this study. Data

Employer Branding: An Islamic Perspective

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Norasyikin binti Shaikh Ibrahim

2017-05-01

Full Text Available This paper discusses employer branding from an Islamic perspective. Islam is away of life and so do the employer and employee relationship, which strengthensemployer branding in an organization. The definition, importance and processrelated to employer branding are discussed in the context of human resource management, such as job satisfaction and work environment. In addition to that, related human resource management practices such as recruitment andselection were discussed in an Islamic context. Related concepts such as employeevalue proposition (EVP, ethics and Islamic values were discussed with referencefrom Al-Quran and Hadith. The paper concludes with a few suggestions andrecommendations on instilling Islamic values for effective employer branding.

Islamic Modernists and Discourse on Reason as a Reconciliatory Argument between Islam and the Western Enlightenment

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ASMAHAN SALLAH

2015-06-01

Full Text Available This article examines the debates on the relationship between Islam and reason during the nineteenth century and early twentieth century. It argues that these debates were transnational but were largely influenced by similar debates in the Western tradition. It also affirms that modernists used discourse on reason to reconcile Islam with Western Enlightenment. The article illustrates the various mechanisms which Islamic modernists implemented to facilitate such reconciliation. These mechanisms include rationalization of miracles, contesting the concept of prophethood, and rejecting the scholarship of Islamic jurisprudence and theology. Based on writings by several Islamic modernists, such as their biographies of Prophet Muhammad, Quran commentaries, and magazine articles in different Islamic countries, I ascribe these mechanisms to a gap between logic and experimental thought, a gap which seeped into the mind of Islamic modernists under the influence of Western contemporary thinkers. While this discourse claims compatibility between Islam and Western Enlightenment, it also resists the binary of the sacred and the secular, a major legacy of the Western Enlightenment.

Suggestion of Islamic Insurance Company Model

OpenAIRE

Abdullah Ibrahim Nazal

2015-01-01

This study is one of very few studies which have investigated Islamic Insurance Companies as solution. It explained its operations also comparing with Traditional Insurance Companies and theoretical Islamic insurance models. As result to this study Islamic Insurance companies are profit organization. It helps Islamic banks but it costs customer to face expect risk. Islamic Insurance companies have many ways to get profits and consider all customers installments grants. Its operation gap comes...

SAINS ISLAM DALAM DISKURSUS FILSAFAT ILMU

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M. Muslih

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Sains Islam sampai saat ini masih terkungkung dalam lingkaran pseudoscience, atau masih pada taraf model justifikasi Bucaillian. Sebagai bangunan keilmuan, sains Islam tentu memiliki basis filosofis. Tulisan ini berupaya mengkaji sains Islam dalam perspektif filsafat ilmu. Dalam perspektif ini, keilmiahan bangunan keilmuan ditentukan oleh ketepatan penggunaan teori dan metodologinya, tanpa mengabaikan sisi sosiologis-historis maupun sisi teologis-metafisis. Jika yang pertama merupakan basis logis dan objektifitas sains, lalu yang kedua merupakan aspek kemanusiaan dari sains, maka yang ketiga adalah basis keyakinan, keimanan, dan keberagamaan dari sains. Dengan ketiga elemen penting tersebut, Sains Islam sebagai sains berbasis agama Islam bisa menjadi ilmiah. Sekalipun demikian, definisi baru Sains Islam sebagai aktivitas ilmiah mesti terus dilanjutkan ke arah “action” dalam bentuk program riset. Dengan begitu, Sains Islam akan menghasilkan temuan-temuan baru, teori baru, metodologi baru, konteks baru, dan seterusnya. Tanpa upaya itu, image pseudosains dan justifikasi Bucaillian akan sulit hilang dari bangunan keilmuan Sains Islam.

Pergeseran Ideologi al-Ikhwân al-Muslimûn dari Islam Fundamentalis menjadi Islam Moderat

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Nurul Huda

2015-10-01

Full Text Available The reform in Egypt was originally considered as the end of the Islamic political system and replaced by the democratic system. However, after H{izb al-H{urrîyah wa al-‘Adâlah (Freedom and Justice Party in Egypt was able to win the election and wiped out two of the most strategic positions, i.e. the speakerman of parliament and the president, it should be admitted that the Islamic political system has never ceased. There is a new fact that the Arab nations, especially Egypt, began to accept the democratic system without having to necessarily remove the role of Islam from it. Collaboration and integration between Islam and democracy is what has been introduced in Egypt today. Islamic system of democracy which is introduced in Egypt becomes the new hallmark of the Islamic movement or more precisely what so-called moderate Islam. Al-Ikhwân al-Muslimûn (IM is a religious organization that is worthy of being a representation of the moderate Islamic forces today. It has managed to get out of the mode of fanaticism and conservatism (fundamentalist toward adaptive patterns of thought and compromise. This study focuses on the factors and measures of IM changes from fundamentalist Islam to moderate Islam. This study concludes that IM’s ideological changes were driven by several factors, such as the role of the figure, government’s treatment, social condition, and human resources organization.

Measuring attitude towards Buddhism and Sikhism : internal consistency reliability for two new instruments

OpenAIRE

Thanissaro, Phra Nicholas

2011-01-01

This paper describes and discusses the development and empirical properties of two new\\ud 24-item scales – one measuring attitude toward Buddhism and the other measuring attitude\\ud toward Sikhism. The scale is designed to facilitate inter-faith comparisons within the\\ud psychology of religion alongside the well-established Francis Scale of Attitude toward\\ud Christianity. Data were obtained from a multi-religious sample of 369 school pupils aged\\ud between 13 and 15 in London. Application of...

Etika Bisnis dalam Perspektif Islam

OpenAIRE

Nawatmi, Sri

2010-01-01

There is no ethic in business can make a destroy in a live. Because of that, many Businessman aware. Now, business ethic is a trend.The fact indicate that there is positif relation between perform and ethic. In Islam, business ethic explained in Al-Qur'an and Hadits. History about Nabi Muhammad saw said that Nabi is a successful businessman with Islamic ethic. Be based on the law in Islam, there are five principles in Islamic ethic.

METODOLOGI DALAM KAJIAN PSIKOLOGI ISLAM

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Siti Faridah

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Initially Islamic Psychology studies and development made many Muslim scholars were spellbound by western psychology theories. They used them as a tool to analyze all sorts of phenomenon Muslim society and give the solution. It is important to remember that the Islamic Psychology concept should be built by the Muslim psychologists their selves. However, the western psychology concept is not necessarily suitable with the needs and purposes in Islam area. Because of that, the writer is interested to discuss the Islamic Psychology Methodology. Hopefully, Islamic Psychology can be an alternative way to solve Muslim society psychological problem especially and all of human being in generally. There were three approaches used by classic Muslim scholars to discuss psychic problem. They are skriptualis approach, falsafi/philosophy approach, and tasawwufi/Sufism approach. They are two studies in Islamic Psychology research; they are the theory and the method. Islam puts wahyu (divine revelation as a religion paradigm which admits the existence of Allah in belief or in the implementation in the construction of science. Acsiologically, Islamic Psychology is built up to get the prosperity for human being. In epistemology, there is a relationship (nisbah between mind and intuition. In ontology, it is for understanding human being as sunnatullah. Thus, al-Qur’an is the main source. Both of positivism and rationalism ideologies have different perspectives in finding the truth. Positivism believes that there is only one sensory truth. It could be observed and approved by anyone. In other side, Rationalism admits three truths. They are imperi-sensual truth, imperi-logic truth, and imperi-ethic. Both of the ideologies do not admit metaphysical and transcendental matters. As the result, the Islamic Psychology research will come true. Finally, to build up an Islamic Psychology as a branch of science, we still have so many things to do.

The Role of Islamic Faith-Based Organization in Building Solidarity and Resilience among People of Different Faiths in Northeast Thailand: A Case Study of Foundation for Education and Development of Muslims in Northeast Thailand-FEDMIN

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Mr.Imron Sohsan

2014-02-01

Full Text Available The purposes of this paper are to examine the role of FEDMIN in building solidarity and resilience between Muslims and Buddhists and to find a model of peaceful coexistence among people of different faiths in northeast Thailand called “Isan region”. The research area was focused on the peaceful coexistence between Muslims and Buddhist in particular in Ban Nong Muen Tao village, Mueang, Udon Thani province. The study found that there were four important roles of FEDMIN in building solidarity and resilience among people of different faiths. Firstly, demonstrating the real image of Islam and Muslims to the other people of different faiths through the FEDMIN leaders’ role and personality in practicing peaceful coexistence, FEDMIN’s Santhitham Wittaya School, Muslim village model, which were described as “an intellectual contribution of Muslim community for the public”, FEDMIN Muslim area as a field trip attraction to the Authorities. Secondly, encouraging Muslims and Buddhists to set up a suitable atmosphere of dialogue of action based on socially engaged Islam and Buddhism concept which was demonstrated by the faith-based community forum as “comfort space” in which a suitable atmosphere of dialogue of action can exist. Third, empowering religious institution to play a vital role in preaching the principles of peaceful coexistence to believers becoming citizen of the society through Islamic sermon- Khutbah, Islamic class, establishing Santhitham Wittaya school as a substantive contribution from Muslim community to the public, and Community Radio Station project as a positive media which supported to create an atmosphere of citizenship among people of different faiths in the village.

Chinese Islam: A Complete Concert

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Zvi Ben-Dor Benite

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Matthew S. Erie, China and Islam: The Prophet, the Party, and Law. Cambridge University Press, 2016. 472 pp. $140 (cloth/e-book. Jonathan Lipman, ed., Islamic Thought in China: Sino-Muslim Intellectual Evolution from the 17th to the 20th Century. Edinburgh University Press, 2016. 288 pp. £70 (cloth; e-book. Roberta Tontini, Muslim Sanzijing: Shifts and Continuities in the Definition of Islam in China. Brill, 2016. 238 pp. $125 (cloth. Why study a Chinese “minority” and its history? The task of scholars of Chinese Islam since the 1990s has been twofold: on the one hand, we have wanted to study Islam in China in its Chinese social and cultural context, as opposed to imagining it as a single separate entity, and to show that its history is relevant and meaningful for Chinese history in general. One could almost say that this goal was achieved a while ago. The next task has been to make the study of Chinese Islam and its history meaningful and useful for the greater community of scholars of Islam in general. It seems to me that with the books reviewed here, and with others in the making, we are getting close to reaching this target. In 1910, Marshall Broomhall’s Islam in China declared that Chinese Islam was a “neglected problem.” These books show that it is no longer neglected, and no longer a “problem”; rather, it is an exciting topic. Indeed, a complete, even if not harmonious, concert.

Islam and Political Violence

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John L Esposito

2015-09-01

Full Text Available The global threat of Al Qaeda post 9/11 and ISIL, increased Sunni-Shia conflicts, and violence in the Middle East and Pakistan dominate headlines and challenge governments in the region and globally. Both Muslim extremists and some Western experts and observers speak of a clash of civilizations or a culture war in Muslim-West relations. Both the discourse and violence yet again raise questions about the relationship of Islam to violence and terrorism: is Islam a particularly violent religion? Critics cite Quranic passages, doctrines like jihad and events in Muslim history as strong indicators and proof that Islam is the primary driver of Muslim extremism and terrorism. What do the Quran and Islamic law have to say about violence, jihad and warfare? What are the primary drivers of terrorism in the name of Islam today? This article will address these questions in the context of development of global jihadist movements, in particular Al Qaeda and ISIL, their roots, causes, ideology and agenda.

MENTAL HEALTH: ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE

OpenAIRE

Muzdalifah M. Rahman

2015-01-01

The purpose of this paper was to explain the concept of mental health perspective Contemporary Psychology, describes the mental health of an Islamic perspective and describes how mental health recovery. The theory used is the concept of mental health perspective Contemporary Psychology, and the concept of mental health perspective Islamic Psychology Writing is writing method using qualitative research methods. Mental health is avoiding an Islamic perspective of all symptoms, complaints and...

Islamic Myths and Memories

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Islamic myths and collective memory are very much alive in today’s localized struggles for identity, and are deployed in the ongoing construction of worldwide cultural networks. This book brings the theoretical perspectives of myth-making and collective memory to the study of Islam and globalizat....... It shows how contemporary Islamic thinkers and movements respond to the challenges of globalization by preserving, reviving, reshaping, or transforming myths and memories....

Dakwah Islam Dan Radikalisme Agama

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M. Bisri Djalil

2016-03-01

Full Text Available A thing closely related to bustle the life of the religious contemporary is radicalism phenomenon. The question is: Does Islam teach radicalism? The answer of this question always problematic. It is caused by every religion (either Islam or the other viewed as an acceptance that granted as a divinity instrument that teaches everything in goodness. Islam is a religion that provide of security, comfort, calmness as more strengthening for all its adherents. In Indonesia, radical Islamic groups often associated with groups like company of Salafy (Bandung, Islamic Youth Front (FPIS, Islamic Defender Front (FPI, Jihad’s Troop of Ahlus Sunnah Wal Jama’ah, The Tribunal of Indonesian Mujahidin, Hizbut Tahrir of Indonesia. The movement of Islam in Indonesia cannot be viewed as a monolithic movement or uniform in the same of political interest. That moment, political global movement has variation in the perspective, motive, strategy and action. One thing that same as the source of radicalism is the definition of the concept of jihad. Eventually, the construction of jihad affects the Islamic propaganda (dakwah ideology and movement. Ideally the realization of the concept of Jihad is not led to radicalism. If indeed reflect to the era of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh, then it must be conceived with the conditions encountered at that time.

Shadow of Buddhism and Shintoism in neurosurgical practice in Japan.

Science.gov (United States)

Ohta, T

2006-01-01

In Japan, almost all culture and civilization were introduced from abroad; in the past from China and now from U.S. and European countries, owing to her geographical features circumscribed by oceans and separated from the continents. Neurosurgical science and practice have been received in the same way as other activities. However, there are some exceptions such as organ transplantation from the brain dead and brain-dock, which means a brain check-up system of asymptomatic brain diseases. Reasons why these are practised or not in Japan are considered from the viewpoint of Buddhism and Shintoism. If our special practises could appeal to people in other countries, our neurosurgical philosophy might become widespread and welcome worldwide. Organ transplantations from brain dead have routinely been performed in many countries, while only 37 cases have been executed in Japan, after the Japanese government accepted its application in 1997. In contrast, brain-dock is widely practised without any national insurance systems, while this is rarely practised in other countries. It seems to me that Buddhism and Shintoism have influenced on these special situations, due to extreme fear and impurity of the dead body and a way of comprehending the oneness of body and mind, and also deep concern for the impact of their diseases to their families rather than for themselves. We neurosurgeons should realize that our profession is directly related to ultimate human sufferings such as aging, disease, and death, as pointed out by Gautama Buddha. We are in fact in a position to study the real way for resolution of the human sufferings, mentally and physically. Based on our experiences, the foundation of a new academic discipline like "cultural medical science" should urgently be considered in all parts of the world and in light of individual cultural, economical, geographical, and population problems.

China Report, Red Flag, Number 9, 1 May 1986.

Science.gov (United States)

1986-06-10

Qing Dynasties also made use of its Lamaism sect and Islam as a spiritual mainstay to rule the minority nationalities concerned. In modern times...attaches importance to academic study and Lamaism pays attention to medicine. Buddhism and Taoism are noted for their martial arts and skills for

Pendidikan Agama Islam inklusifmultikultural

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Mahmud Arif

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Islam is as a universal religion, as a religion for humanity (all humankind, or as a religion for the entire world because of its’ mission as rahmatan li al-’alamin. To realize such mission in Indonesian context, education activity is aimed to raise up a multicultural wisdom and global awareness of the pupils, so in next time they will be able to contribute in preservation of heterogenity and to develop it for attaining a prosperious life, besides to face globalization current appropiately. In this case, islamic education has a duty in transfering inclusive-multiculturalism Islamic teachings to students so that they are able to appreciate global values of Islam, like inclusivism, humanism, tolerance, and democracy.

ASURANSI DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM

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Havis Aravik

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This article discusses how insurance aplikable in Islam perspective. The results of discussion is that insurance as Islamic Economic (muamalah practice today, is not known at the time of the Prophet Muhammad, so that the legal basis textually not found in the Quran and hadith, the results of previous scholars and ijtihad in codes of Islamic Law. Islamic insurance which is being developed today, can essentially reduce the burden and narrowness, and bring benefits in people's lives. Therefore, the community should begin to see the prospect of such insurance as the media to protect themselves from the various possibilities of unwanted later, while participating together help each other in goodness and piety.

Radical Islamism and Failed Developmentalism

OpenAIRE

Rahnema, Saeed

2008-01-01

The rise of radical Islamism in recent years does not limit the applicability of the concept of cultural nationalism. Rather the two are intertwined in ways which this article will attempt to highlight. Islam took specific national forms as modern nation-states arose and the contemporary resurgence of radical Islamism also follows that modern pattern. I examine the emergence of the three most important movements in the Islamic world, namely, the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, Jama'at-e Islami i...

Pendidikan Islam dalam Sistem Pendidikan Nasional

OpenAIRE

Fathul Jannah

2013-01-01

Islamic educationis an integral part of the National Education System. As part of the national educational system, Islamic education gets legitimacy to exist and get a place to live and thrive in Indonesia to meet need of education for Muslims. Accommodation to the Islamic education system and make the system of Islamic education institutions have a strong foundation to be developed with the support of funds and attention from the state. Therefore, the state is obliged to develop Islamic educ...

Sharing of risks in Islamic finance

OpenAIRE

Sekreter, Ahmet

2011-01-01

For most of the people the prohibition on interest is the well known part of Islamic finance. Indeed, the concept of Islamic finance was not being discussed enough till financial crisis, after crisis it started to be seen as an alternative financial system for conventional finance. Sharing the risks is the main concept of Islamic finance and one of the main differences between conventional and Islamic finance. Depositors/savers do not bear any risk in conventional finance however Islamic fina...

KEDUDUKAN HUKUM ISLAM DALAM SISTEM HUKUM INDONESIA

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M. Khoirul Huda

2013-05-01

Full Text Available State protects religion, adherent religion, even put tenets and the law profess Islamic in life be of noble birth and stateless. Islamic law is based on the teaching of Islamic and if judging by the terms of the materials it Islamic include the law of worship and law of muamalat. It Characterizes the law Islamic that is sourced from Islamic relating to the priest, and belief have two term shariah and fiqh.

Mohammad Shahidul Islam

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Mohammad Shahidul Islam. Articles written in Journal of Chemical Sciences. Volume 127 Issue 9 September 2015 pp 1547-1556. Molecular structure investigation and tautomerism aspects of ()-3-benzylideneindolin-2-one · Assem Barakat Abdullah Mohammed Al-Majid Mohammad Shahidul Islam M Ali Saied M Soliman ...

Islam and harm reduction.

Science.gov (United States)

Kamarulzaman, A; Saifuddeen, S M

2010-03-01

Although drugs are haram and therefore prohibited in Islam, illicit drug use is widespread in many Islamic countries throughout the world. In the last several years increased prevalence of this problem has been observed in many of these countries which has in turn led to increasing injecting drug use driven HIV/AIDS epidemic across the Islamic world. Whilst some countries have recently responded to the threat through the implementation of harm reduction programmes, many others have been slow to respond. In Islam, The Quran and the Prophetic traditions or the Sunnah are the central sources of references for the laws and principles that guide the Muslims' way of life and by which policies and guidelines for responses including that of contemporary social and health problems can be derived. The preservation and protection of the dignity of man, and steering mankind away from harm and destruction are central to the teachings of Islam. When viewed through the Islamic principles of the preservation and protection of the faith, life, intellect, progeny and wealth, harm reduction programmes are permissible and in fact provide a practical solution to a problem that could result in far greater damage to the society at large if left unaddressed. Copyright (c) 2009. Published by Elsevier B.V.

MENTAL HEALTH: ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE

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Muzdalifah M. Rahman

2015-02-01

of mental health, especially mental health needs to be developed with an Islamic perspective various studies and research, especially the development of mental health recovery means Islamic perspective.

Some Demands Towards Establishment For Islamic Banking Law in Islamic Perspective

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Djawahir Hejazziey

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Beberapa Tuntutan Terhadap Pemberlakuan Hukum PerbankanSyariah. Hukum dibentuk untuk melayani masyarakat. Dengan demikian, hukum tunduk kepada masyarakat. Berbeda halnya dengan hukum agama (Islam, masyarakat wajib tunduk kepada hukum agama (Islam. Hukum yang dapat dipatuhi dan diterima oleh masyarakat adalah hukum yang didesain sesuai dengan ideologi dan kepercayaan masyarakat itu sendiri. Masyarakat Indonesia mayoritas memeluk agama Islam. Untuk itu, kelahiran dan pembentukan hukum perbankan syariah banyak dipengaruhi oleh tuntutan masyarakat yang didukung berlatar belakang agama yang dianut, di samping adanya tuntutan ideologi, politik, ekonomi, dan budaya. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v1i1.2921

Shari’ah concepts in Islamic banking

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Botis, S.

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The paper analyses the main Shari’ah concepts in Islamic banking, a system which operates in accordance with the Islamic law principles, the most important being the prohibition against the payment or acceptance of interest charges (riba, replaced by profit-and-loss-sharing arrangements(PLS, Mudharabah. Also, the paper presents a survey of the historical evolution of the Islamic banking system in Muslim countries, starting with the first Islamic bank, early in the 60’s, Mit Ghamr Local Savings Bank in Egypt. In conclusion, the Islamic banking system is a rapid growth one. It is expected that this presentation will be helpful in increasing the interest in the Islamic principles of banking and financing.

Skeptic Spirituality or the Accidental Buddhism of Machado de Assis's O Segredo do Bonzo

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Dilip Loundo

2014-09-01

Full Text Available The objective of the present article is to support the idea that Machado de Assis’ work conforms well to what may be called a non-religious spirituality. For that, the article’s main focus is the analysis of the short story “O Segredo do Bonzo: Capítulo Inédito de Fernão Mendes Pinto”, published in 1882’s collection titled Papéis Avulsos, where the main principles of that spirituality, which is spread all over his work,  are given in a nutshell. In a first moment, we analise the intertextuality between Machado’s short story “O Segredo do Bonzo” and Portuguese Renaissance writer’s travelogue Peregrinação and the Machado’s nineteen century critique of the west’s main universalizing proposals: Christianity, scientificity and Enlightenment. In a second moment, we analise the philosophical implications of the primacy given to ‘opinion’ as an existential foundation and as a constitutive element of reality, in a context of close proximity with the soteriological traditions of ancient Greek skepticism, on the one hand, and Buddhism, on the other. A critic of religion, specially of Christian religion, Machado’s  ‘accidental’ association with Buddhism is symptomatic of a very peculiar form of non-religious spirituality.

China QIUSHI SEEKING TRUTH no 4, 16 August 1988

Science.gov (United States)

1988-09-26

consider integrating "the east wind" with "opening up to the West" and setting our eyes on a number of Islamic states from Central Asia to the...nationalities, chiefly Tibetan, Han, Islamic , and Xianbei, live in compact communi- ties. It serves as a buffer zone between Xinjiang and Tibet, the two...the essence of Confucianism in young children. In so doing, he could reduce the influ- ence of Taoism and Buddhism. We can see that the ancients were

Makna Ghuluw dalam Islam: Benih Ekstremisme Beragama

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Sihabuddin Afroni

2016-01-01

Full Text Available This article explore the concept of ghuluw in Islam, as a seed of extremism in the name of religion. This article trace the term ghuluw in Islamic history and how Islam (through the Qur’an and Hadith discuss this term. Etymologically, the term ghuluw means exaggerating about something. Terminologically, ghuluw means the model of excessive understanding of religious teaching deviated from its orininal meaning. Several attitudes categorized as ghuluw include: fanatic, prejudice, and blame; and even accusing of infidelity. Islam condemns all those characteristics as explain in the Qur’an and Sunna. Islam is a religion that promotes honour, peace, harmony and balance. Currently in Indonesia, however, there are two contrasting Islamic groups: on one side there has been increasing number of people who can be labeled as extremist, violent, and literalist. In another side, there is an Islamic group who tends to ignore the main principles of Islam. These two Islamic groups spread widely in Indonesian Islamic society. 

DEVELOPMENT OF ISLAMIC BANKING IN TURKEY

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ISTVÁN EGRESI

2015-12-01

Full Text Available While the financial world is still dominated by conventional banks, based on western economic principles, the number of Islamic banks is on the rise. Islamic banks have originated from colonial India as a response of the Muslims to the British who attempted to westernize their society. Other similar financial operations based on Islamic Law (Shari’a were established in Pakistan, Malaysia and Egypt to facilitate access of rural poor to interest-free loans. However, being unprofitable, these operations did not survive for very long. Islamic banks, unlike conventional banks, are not based on interest and conduct their business in accordance with a wide array of ethical and moral issues. The modern phase of Islamic banking started in the 1970s when the Islamic Development Bank was founded in Saudi Arabia. Soon after, a number of commercial banks were established in the neighboring countries. From this core, over the last four decades, Islamic finance and banking has spread across the entire Muslim world and beyond to become a global phenomenon. This study examines the development of Islamic banking in Turkey in the wider context of global expansion. Turkey is an interesting case study because, although its population is nearly 100% Muslim, it is a secular state built on the model of Western European countries. However, lately, the moderate Islamic party in power since 2002 has shown some signs of openness towards a parallel banking system based on Islamic principles.

Islamic Education: History and Tendency.

Science.gov (United States)

Hilgendorf, Eric

2003-01-01

Examines the history and tendency of Islamic education, discussing how, after 1,000 years of intellectual leadership, the Islamic world has not retained its dominance, and examining the educational institutions that both spawned and doomed the Eastern intellectual revolution. The article addresses: the role of knowledge in Islam; emphasis on…

Partai Islam dalam Dinamika Demokrasi di Indonesia

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Gonda Yumitro

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Some surveys showed that though Islamic parties had significant supports in 1999 and 2004 elections and their existences are in the largest Muslim population in the world, the current development indicates the decline supports of people on them. This paper will analyze various factors which cause such phenomena and predict the Islamic parties position on 2014 election. The result found that Islamic parties will face tough position on next election because of democracy, Indonesian Islamic characteristics and history, the competence of Islamic parties, and other external factors. The democracy causes a lot of problems, like the conflict among Islamic groups in Indonesia, which had dark history as the consequence of the politization of Islam by the elites. Moreover, the involvement of Islamic parties in Indonesian politics has not able to solve the real problems within the society, such as poverty, unemployment, corruption, etc. Unfortunately, the public opinion and education characters in Indonesia also don’t support the Islamic political parties position.

Loving-kindness brings loving-kindness: the impact of Buddhism on cognitive self-other integration.

Science.gov (United States)

Colzato, Lorenza S; Zech, Hilmar; Hommel, Bernhard; Verdonschot, Rinus; van den Wildenberg, Wery P M; Hsieh, Shulan

2012-06-01

Common wisdom has it that Buddhism enhances compassion and self-other integration. We put this assumption to empirical test by comparing practicing Taiwanese Buddhists with well-matched atheists. Buddhists showed more evidence of self-other integration in the social Simon task, which assesses the degree to which people co-represent the actions of a coactor. This suggests that self-other integration and task co-representation vary as a function of religious practice.

Islam in Europe

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Jørgen Schøler

2008-01-01

A discussion of various approaches to Islam and Muslims in Europe in seven books published in the USA and the UK between 2005 and 2007.......A discussion of various approaches to Islam and Muslims in Europe in seven books published in the USA and the UK between 2005 and 2007....

Kepemimpinan dalam perspektif Islam

OpenAIRE

Sayra, Nadya; Juliandi, Azuar

2017-01-01

Sharia banking is a system of Islamic banking. In the last period, sharia Banking grew rapidly in Indonesia. The development of sharia banking requires Islamic leadership. Therefore, purpose of this study is to analyze employees and leaders perception of Islamic leadership in sharia banking. The approach of this study using an exploratory paradigm. Sources of research data are employees and leaders of Bank Syariah Mandiri in Medan City. The questionnaires and interviews were used to collect ...

REVIVALISME PENDIDIKAN ISLAM AWAL ABAD 20 (STUDI KRITIS PEMBARUAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM PERSPEKTIF KH. AHMAD DAHLAN

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Zetty Azizatun Ni'mah

2016-05-01

Full Text Available The idea of Islamic educational reform in Indonesia began in the early twentieth century. This was caused by out of concerns Muslim intellectual leaders of the secular education system which implemented the Dutch East Indies and then has a negative impact on the condition of Islamic education in Indonesia. KH. Ahmad Dahlan is pioneer figure of Islamic educational reform in Indonesia. He is of leaders respond to the condition of Islamic education in Indonesia needs to be updated in terms of objectives, materials, methods and management. This article aims to analyze thoughts KH. Ahmad Dahlan. KH. Ahmad Dahlan reform of Islamic education as well as his correlation with the current education system. This issues is examined using research methods “library research” using written materials in the form of books, magazines, journals, articles and other literatures relevant to the discussion. For data analysis the authors use the approach of history, sociology and anthropology. The results of the research that has been conducted by the author suggests that the concept of Islamic education reform in perspective KH. Ahmad: the aim of Islamic education leads to increased economic, politic, social race with modernism education, the Qur’an and Hadits are direct material examined by leaving the classic are often assessed the traditionalists, Islamic education methods abandon traditional methods, the Islamic educational institutions organized under auspices of the Muhammadiyah organization with a model of organizational leadership. Educational issues such as character building, problem solving, integration of scientific and educational innovation are concepts of education offered by KH.Ahmad Dahlan which it is an attempt to anticipate the renewal of the times and the situation in the subsequent periods.

Islamic Law

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Doranda Maracineanu

2009-06-01

Full Text Available The law system of a State represents the body of rules passed or recognized by that State inorder to regulate the social relationships, rules that must be freely obeyed by their recipients, otherwisethe State intervening with its coercive power. Throughout the development of the society, pedants havebeen particularly interested in the issue of law systems, each supporting various classifications; theclassification that has remained is the one distinguishing between the Anglo-Saxon, the Roman-German,the religious and respectively the communist law systems. The third main international law system is theMuslim one, founded on the Muslim religion – the Islam. The Islam promotes the idea that Allah createdthe law and therefore it must be preserved and observed as such. Etymologically, the Arabian word“Islam” means “to be wanted, to obey” implying the fact that this law system promotes total andunconditioned submission to Allah. The Islamic law is not built on somebody of laws or leading cases,but has as source. The Islam is meant as a universal religion, the Koran promoting the idea of the unityof mankind; thus, one of the precepts in the Koran asserts that “all men are equal (…, there is nodifference between a white man and a black man, between one who is Arabian and one who is not,except for the measure in which they fear God.” The Koran is founded mainly on the Talmud, Hebrewsource of inspiration, and only on very few Christian sources. The Islam does not forward ideas whichcannot be materialized; on the contrary its ideas are purely practical, easy to be observed by the commonman, ideas subordinated to the principle of monotheism. The uncertainties and gaps of the Koran, whichhave been felt along the years, imposed the need for another set of rules, meant to supplement it – that isSunna. Sunna represents a body of laws and, consequently, the second source of the Koran. Sunnanarrates the life of the prophet Mohamed, the model to

PERKEMBANGAN ISLAM DI INDONESIA PASCA KEMERDEKAAN

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Beti Yanuri Posha

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Islam is a religion that put the principles of truth and justice for all its adherents. Factors that encourage Muslims to achieve independence are factors Ideology, political, economic, social and cultural. In Indonesia, Islam has an important role in education. Islamic education in Indonesia is given in three sectors, namely formal, informal and non-formal. After Indonesian independence, the issue of religious education received serious attention from the government, both in public and private schools, and has established educational institutions, especially schools and a mosque which has become a bastion of Islam that is so strong effect. Therefore, it is important to reassess how the development of Islam in Indonesia as well as the development of Islamic education institutions in Indonesia after independence.

Pendidikan Islam dalam Sistem Pendidikan Nasional

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Fathul Jannah

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Islamic educationis an integral part of the National Education System. As part of the national educational system, Islamic education gets legitimacy to exist and get a place to live and thrive in Indonesia to meet need of education for Muslims. Accommodation to the Islamic education system and make the system of Islamic education institutions have a strong foundation to be developed with the support of funds and attention from the state. Therefore, the state is obliged to develop Islamic educational system as a kind of religious education in the national education system. In the system of national education, Islamic education as a system of religious education is carried out in different lines of formal, informal and non-formal.

JANENGAN SEBAGAI SENI TRADISIONAL ISLAM-JAWA

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Akhmad Arif Junaidi

2013-12-01

Tulisan ini dilatarbelakangi satu realitas budaya yang dihasilkan dari kehidupan masyarakat Muslim Jawa khususnya seni musik tradisional Islam-Jawa. Ekspresi kebudayaan Islam-Jawa dalam seni musik ini sangat beragam dan mencerminkan keberagaman “wajah” Islam yang telah beradaptasi dengan budaya lokal. Musik tradisional Islam-Jawa Janengan merupakan perwujudan dari perpaduan tiga unsur tradisi musik, yakni tradisi musik Jawa, tradisi musik Islam Timur Tengah (Arab dan kini telah dikembangkan dengan kombinasi musik Barat seperti pop. Perpaduan ketiga unsur tradisi musik yang berbeda ini membentuk suatu hasil kreativitas yang unik bercirikan musik Jawa. Musik tradisional Islam-Jawa ini juga melahirkan nilai-nilai yang meliputi nilai-nilai musikal, nilai-nilai kultural, dan nilai-nilai religius. Secara tematik syair-syair Janengan berisi berbagai ajaran seperti akidah (tauhid, syari’at dan tasawuf.

Product Innovation of Islamic Financial Institutions

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Agus Rojak Samsudin

2016-03-01

Full Text Available This article was composed from the fact that the presence of Sharia Financial Institutions (SFC cannot be separated from the existence of Conventional Financial Institutions. Islamic Bank appeared in the midst of the conventional banking development. It certainly gives the impression product of Islamic Bank is seen as the imitation of conventional banking products. The historical analysis shows that the substantive function of banking operations has been practiced since the early days of Islam. Even the profit and lost sharing principle has been applied from transactions Islamic business transactions (Mu'amalah in the ancient Arab, which has been explored in the modern era and also legitimized by the Fatwa of DSN MUI (National Sharia Council of Indonesian Ulama Council (NSC-ICU. This institution is often reinterpreting the concept of Islamic business, including the innovation of Islamic Banking products that are derived from the Quran, the Sunna, and Islamic Jurisprudence (al-Ijtihad.

Bioethics for clinicians: 21. Islamic bioethics

Science.gov (United States)

Daar, Abdallah S.; Khitamy, A.

2001-01-01

ISLAMIC BIOETHICS DERIVES FROM A COMBINATION OF PRINCIPLES, duties and rights, and, to a certain extent, a call to virtue. In Islam, bioethical decision-making is carried out within a framework of values derived from revelation and tradition. It is intimately linked to the broad ethical teachings of the Qur'an and the tradition of the Prophet Muhammad, and thus to the interpretation of Islamic law. In this way, Islam has the flexibility to respond to new biomedical technologies. Islamic bioethics emphasizes prevention and teaches that the patient must be treated with respect and compassion and that the physical, mental and spiritual dimensions of the illness experience be taken into account. Because Islam shares many foundational values with Judaism and Christianity, the informed Canadian physician will find Islamic bioethics quite familiar. Canadian Muslims come from varied backgrounds and have varying degrees of religious observance. Physicians need to recognize this diversity and avoid a stereotypical approach to Muslim patients. PMID:11202669

Memperkuat ’Urf dalam Pengembangan Hukum Islam

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Ach Maimun

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Sejauh ini, keberadaan ’urf sebagai sumber hukum Islam tidak menonjol. Padahal `urf memiliki posisi penting untuk pengembangan Islam di Nusantara yang kaya budaya. `Urf dapat menjadi pembendung kolompok yang anti terhadap tradisi lokal. Para ulama sejatinya telah berbicara panjang lebar tentang ’urf sebagai dasar hukum. Para mujtahid dan mufti disyaratkan menguasai tradisi suatu masyarakat dan cermat mempertimbangkannya. Untuk itu diperlukan upaya penguatan ‘urf dalam rangka pengembangan hukum Islam agar dapat tetap berperan di masa depan. Tujuan itu dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa langkah, yaitu memperbaiki cara memahami dan mendudukkan nash sebagai landasan utama hukum Islam, menegaskan posisi fiqih sebagai hasil ijtihad manusiawi yang historis dan kultural, dan melakukan negosiasi antara doktrin Islam dengan tradisi sekaligus menciptakan tradisi baru sebagai wujud penerjemahan doktrin yang bersifat mutlak. (The existence of 'urf as one of sources of Islamic law is not dominant while it has an important position in the context of Islamic development in Indonesia, which is rich of culture and tradition. `Urf can be a barrier against those who are anti-local traditions. Actually, Islamic scholars have discussed a lot about ‘urf as the legal basis in the context of Islamic law. Mujtahid (experts in islamic law and mufti (advisers on religious law are required to be knowledgable of the traditions of a society and carefully consider them.Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the 'urf for developing Islamic law in order to keep it playing a role in the future. In so doing, it is necessary to take several steps; improving the way to understand and place the texts of the Quran as the main foundation of Islamic law, affirming the position of Islamic jurisprudence as the result of historical and cultural human interpretation and judgement (ijtihad, and negotiating between Islamic doctrine and tradition while creating new traditions as a form

CONSERVATIVE ISLAM TURN OR POPULAR ISLAM? an Analysis of the Film Ayat-ayat Cinta

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Lukman Hakim

2010-02-01

Full Text Available This paper offers a film and cultural studies analysis of the Indonesian religious film Ayat-ayat Cinta. It examines the way in which the film represents Islam in the context of the globalisation of the media industry, the wider cultural transformation and religious context in Indonesia. This paper argues that the film Ayat-ayat Cinta represents “popular Islam”, which resulted from the interaction between the santri religious variants and the film industry, capitalism, market forces and popular culture in Indonesia. Santri religious variants in this film are rooted in traditionalist, fundamentalist, modernist, and liberal Islam in Indonesia, and those Islamic groups which have undergone a process of conformity with capitalism and popular culture. As a result, the representation of Islam in this film is pluralist, tolerant, and fashionable. Keywords: Ayat-ayat Cinta, popular Islam, santri, traditionalist, fundamentalist, modernist, cultural studies.

DEMOCRACY AND EDUCATION ISLAM

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Ulfa Masamah

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Education is one of the media that is Able to help develop the potential of all human beings. Over time the implementation of many educational experience problems when the role of education has a significant influence on improving the quality of human life. Islamic education as an agent of social change should be Able to hit the problem that move dynamically and proactively to the advancement and improvement of Muslims. Das sollen, the purpose of education in Islam as the process of formation of human beings to conform with the nature of existence. Therefore, we need an alternative thinking in an effort to minimize the various educational failure. Democratization of education Considered as a solution capable of Islamic education in creating a humanist. Education that does not justify the existence of intimidation, repression and restrictions on the creativity of teachers and students can be Realized with the Efforts to create a democracy marked by education teaching-learning process that is open and full of healthy and responsible dialogue between teacher and pupil. Humanist atmosphere in education will deliver the achievement of educational goals of Islam. Islamic education is basically the Democratization of space, the which is where the education is directed at a dialogical space. Moreover, the ultimate goal of Islamic education directs its final destination on the behavior and attitude changes, the quality and variety of aspects that promote humanism space. Islamic education should be oriented to instill democratic values in the learning process, such as openness, mutual respect, sympathy, empathy, solidarity, and their understanding of pluralism in a pluralistic life.

Borderless Islam and the modern nation state

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Nasya Bahfen

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Given the dichotomy of “Islam and the West” and its currency post-September 11, how do we respond to the question of a modern Islam? This is the key idea that this paper explores, by discussing what Islam represents, and what modernity entails, arguing that Islamic teachings and practices are not necessarily incompatible with modernity, and that the discourse on Islam and modernity and where the two are headed can be legitimately engaged in by Muslims given that Islamic societies are diverse and subject to global influences.

Critical Comments on Brian Victoria's "Engaged Buddhism: Skeleton in the Closet?"

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Koichi Miyata

2015-02-01

Full Text Available In "Engaged Buddhism: A Skeleton in the Closet?" (Vol. 2 Brian Daizen Victoria claims, among other things, that Tsunesaburo Makiguchi (1871-1944, founder of the Soka Kyoiku Gakkai (forebear of the Soka Gakkai and Soka Gakkai International, was an active supporter of the Japanese wars of aggression. In this response, Koichi Miyata argues that Victoria's claims rest on the highly selective use of quotes, and ignore key interpretative issues associated with Japanese imperial fascism and its underlying belief structures. Miyata discusses the significance of Makiguchi's arrest and imprisonment under a law specifically aimed at opponents of the war efforts, in his analysis of critical lapses in Victoria's article.

THE HISTORY OF JAMA‘AH TABLIGH IN SOUTHEAST ASIA: The Role of Islamic Sufism in Islamic Revival

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Kamaruzzaman Bustamam-Ahmad

2008-08-01

Full Text Available The article examines the history of Jama‘ah Tabligh in Southeast Asia, especially in Kuala Lumpur and Aceh. The author traces the historical background of this religious movement with particular reference to the birth place of Jama‘ah Tabligh, India. The author investigates the major role of Indian in disseminating Islam in Southeast Asia, especially in Malaysia and Indonesia. Many scholars believe that Islam came to Southeast Asia from India (Gujarat, and this is the reason why many Islamic traditions in this region were influenced by Indian culture. However, to analyze Islamic movement in Southeast Asia one should take into consideration the Middle East context in which various Islamic movements flourished. Unlike many scholars who believe that the spirit of revivalism or Islamic modernism in Southeast Asia was more influenced by Islam in the Middle East than Indian, the author argues that the influence of Indian Muslim in Southeast Asia cannot be neglected, particularly in the case of Jama‘ah Tabligh.

Aligning Islamic Spirituality to Medical Imaging.

Science.gov (United States)

Zainuddin, Zainul Ibrahim

2017-10-01

This paper attempts to conceptualize Islamic spirituality in medical imaging that deals with the humanistic and technical dimensions. It begins with establishing an understanding concerning spirituality, an area that now accepted as part of patient-centred care. This is followed by discussions pertaining to Islamic spirituality, related to the practitioner, patient care and the practice. Possible avenues towards applying Islamic spirituality in medical imaging are proposed. It is hoped that the resultant harmonization between Islamic spirituality and the practice will trigger awareness and interests pertaining to the role of a Muslim practitioner in advocating and enhancing Islamic spirituality.

KAJIAN KRITIS TENTANG AKULTURASI ISLAM DAN BUDAYA LOKAL

OpenAIRE

M. Arsad AT

2012-01-01

Islam came to archipelago (Indonesia) could not be separated from the shades where Islam was born. However, Islam that was brought to Indonesia adapted with the local culture. The process of compounding between Islamization and acculturation, made Islam in the archipelago easily accepted by society. There is no resistance, except reception. If there is a modifications, it is no more than the injection of Islamic values in a tradition that have been there. In its development, the Islamic archi...

MODEL ALTERNATIF PENDIDIKAN ISLAM TRANSFORMATIF (Studi Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Islam dalam Tradisi Ambengan Pada Peringatan Hari Besar Islam di Desa Brunorejo Purworejo)

OpenAIRE

Ridwan, Dadan

2016-01-01

This paper critically describe and analyze the educational values   of Islam contained in Ambengan tradition held in the village Brunorejo, Bruno, Purworejo. Ambengan tradition in the village of Brunorejo can be used as a medium of education Islam transformative. The values contained in the Islamic Education in Ambengan tradition is the educational value of faith, the value of moral education and social educational value. These educational values   contained within the symbols contained in eq...

Er islam en trussel?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Simonsen, Jørgen Bæk

2007-01-01

Et bidrag til belysning af forholdet mellem islam, muslimer og politisk/religiøs terror i samtiden......Et bidrag til belysning af forholdet mellem islam, muslimer og politisk/religiøs terror i samtiden...

Perkembangan Psikologi Anak Dalampendidikan Islam

OpenAIRE

Bakar, Abu

2011-01-01

Islamic education psychology constitutes a sitem's Sub of psychology knowledge branch that is engaged process learning. Islamic education psychology actually constitute psychology study to day-to-day problem in Islamic education, one that develops principle, models, theory, procedure in learning and works through another issue issue that regard student interaction by learns through al Qur' an and Hadis Rasulullah

Euro-Islam or Islam in Europe: The Role of Muslims and Their Organizations in Germany, Great Britain and the Netherlands

Science.gov (United States)

2011-06-01

Netherlands (Islamitische Stichting Nederland , ISN) ....................................................126 b. The Foundation of the Turkish Islamic...Islamic Schools Government Board Organization ISC Islamic Sharia Council ISN Islamitisch Stichting Nederland (Islamic Foundation Netherlands) IZH...Islamisches Zentrum Hamburg (Islamic Center Hamburg) KMAN Kommitee van Maroccaanse Arbeiders in Nederland (Committee of Moroccan Workers in the

MENELAAH HUKUM WARIS PRA-ISLAM DAN AWAL ISLAM SERTA PELETAKAN DASAR-DASAR HUKUM KEWARISAN ISLAM

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Asrizal Saiin

2017-03-01

[Dalam sejarahnya, pembagian harta warisan sudah ada sebelum Islam (pra-Islam. Adapun sistem pewarisannya adalah sistem keturunan dan sistem sebab. Pembagian harta warisan bersifat patrilinear, artinya anak-anak yang belum dewasa dan kaum perempuan tidak berhak mendapatkan harta warisan, sekalipun mereka merupakan ahli waris dari yang telah meninggal. Seseorang baru bisa mendapatkan harta apabila; adanya pertalian kerabat, janji ikatan prasetia, dan pengangkatan anak. Sementara pada masa awal Islam seseorang bisa mendapatkan harta warisan apabila; adanya pertalian kerabat, pengangkatan anak, adanya hijrah dan adanya persaudaraan. Pewarisan, baru terjadi jika ada sebab-sebab yang mengikat pewaris dengan ahli warisnya, seperti adanya perkawinan, kekerabatan, dan wala’. Adapun hal-hal yang dapat menggugurkan hak seseorang menerima warisan adalah; perbudakan, pembunuhan, berlainan agama, murtad, karena hilang tanpa berita dan berlainan negara. Sebelum pembagian warisan ada beberapa hak yang harus dipenuhi terlebih dahulu, seperti; hak yang berkaitan dengan zat harta peninggalan, biaya perawatan jenazah, pelunasan hutang dan pemberian wasiat

Critical Financial Analysis of Islamic Bank in the Philippines: Case Study of Amanah Islamic Bank

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Hasmiene Diocolano Ibrahim

2018-01-01

Full Text Available The inspiration to delve into the contemporary status of Islamic banking and finance in the Philippines has led this study to analyze the financial condition of Amanah Islamic Bank (AIB and recommend improvements in its financial performance. This secondary databased study utilizes library research and content analysis, particularly using the capital, asset, management, earnings, and liquidity parameters. AIB is the rebranded version of Al-Amanah Islamic Investment Bank of the Philippines. At present, AIB has nine branches and is the only authorized bank in the Philippines to offer Islamic banking products and services. Presidential Decree No. 542, which was signed in 1974, directed the AIB to implement an Islamic model of banking and financing, particularly following the “no interest principle” and partnership mechanisms. However, this order was not completely implemented because “conventional banking” dominated the AIB’s operation. This study contributes to the continuing effort to convert AIB into a full-fledged Islamic bank and simultaneously contend with the emerging growth of the banking industry.

The Uniqueness of Islamic Culture

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Sinan YILMAZ

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract This paper examines the main reasons behind why Islamic culture is different than other cultures. In the introduction part of the paper, the usage area of the words culture and civilization were tackled. In the first part of the paper, an evaluation of the uniqueness of Islamic culture was made and examples about this were given. In the second part of the paper, evaluations about how Islamic culture has struggled with modernization and secularization and how it has shaped itself as a result of this were made. In the third part of the paper, the situation in which Islamic civilization has regressed against the Western civilization causing emerging arguments and the current situation in Islamic civilization have been addressed by making evaluations on culture and civilization. In the final part, evaluations on thesis this paper has used were made.

Islamic Deposits and Investment Accounts in Income Smoothing in Post-Reclassification of the Islamic Financial Service Act 2013

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Mohd Yaziz MOHD ISA

2014-12-01

Full Text Available This study attempts to determine the impact of the reclassification on income smoothing practices by Islamic banks in Malaysia through loss provisions. It is well acknowledged that Islamic banks set up an allowance for loss provisions in order to absorb any future losses. However, alternative mechanisms, such as Profit Equalization Reserve (PER and Investment Risk Reserve (IRR instead of loss provisions, are used to smooth income. This study determines whether the exercise by Islamic banks in Malaysia to reclassify Islamic deposits to investment accounts after the enacted Islamic Financial Service Act (2013, may have caused unintended consequences in less profit payout to investment account holders. The results do not indicate any unintended consequences of less profit payout to investment account holders from the present exercise by the Islamic banks in Malaysia to distinguish Islamic deposits from investment accounts.

Teaching Islam in Contemporary America: Digital Ethnography and the Affective Challenges of Islamic Studies Pedagogy

Science.gov (United States)

Dorroll, Courtney; Dorroll, Phil

2017-01-01

In this article we address the affective dimensions and challenges of teaching about Islam and Islamic studies in the current American political and cultural environment and make two related arguments. First, we explain how the impact of certain kinds of digital media in the past few years has heightened the association of Islam with violence in…

PEMIKIRAN ISLAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF SUNNI DAN SYI’AH

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Muh. Shohibul Itmam

2013-09-01

Full Text Available THE ISLAMIC THINKING IN SUNNI AND SYI’AH PERSPECTIVES. This paper attempts to describe the problems associated with Islam in particular with regard to Sunni and Syi’ah teachings. The number of  streams that developed in Islam today has resulted Islam got claims from various clerical community, such as terrorism and others, resulting in the ruination image of  Islam in the constellation of  the religions of  man. As the flow and the teachings of  the most dominating civilization of  the world religions, Sunni and Syiah, including the Wahhabi, are necessary to clarify the existence or clarified the diversity in the constellation of  Islam, considering the number of streams that are currently claiming truth on themselves. Iran as the country becoming a reference in the world of  developing Syi’ah should be used as a reference in the study of  understanding associated with Sunni and Syi’ah. From this country, the world of  Islam knows the concept ofgoverning “Wilayatul Faqih”. The concept was pioneered by the government of Imam Khomeini who became known after Islamic Revolution in Iran 1979 and continues to be developed up to now. Every year Iran is celebrated with a huge demonstration with the slogan in Persian, “Islam Pyruz ast, ast Nabud Istikbar”, Islam is victorious, crushed the vanity of the islam enemy. keywords: Islam, Sunni, Syi’ah, Perspective, Differences, Similarities. Tulisan ini mencoba mengurai persoalan yang berhubungan dengan Islam secara khusus yang berkaitan dengan ajaran Sunni dan Syi’ah. Banyaknya aliran yang berkembang dalam Islam dewasa ini telah mengakibatkan Islam mendapat klaim dari berbagai komunitas agamawan, seperti teroris dan lainnya, yang mengakibatkan redupnya citra Islam dalam percaturan agama-agama manusia. Sebagai aliran dan ajaran yang paling mendominasi peradaban agama dunia, Sunni dan  Syi’ah,  termasuk  Wahabi,  perlu  memperjelas  eksistensinya atau diperjelas

DAKWAH MELALUI BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING ISLAM

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Baidi Buchori

2014-08-01

DAKWA THROUGH GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING ISLAM. This study is a description of the dakwa through guidance counseling islam yang aims to provide Islamic solutions to problems in the life. Now the method that I will use in this study is a descriptive analysis method where the author depicts the data from some relevant opinions from various sources and then analyze it, to produce an alternative that is more effective and relatively new in dakwa, namely through  guidance counseling Islam.  Then dakwa  must be packed in the proper method of actual, faktual, and contextual  learning. In the actual meaning of troubleshooting  cotemporary  in society,  factual in the sense of a real (not just a theory, and contextual learning in the meaning of relevant and related to the  problem faced by the community. One of the approaches to convey a message of dakwa is through  the guidance  and counseling activities  of Islam.  Dakwa through guidance and counselling Islam has some characteristics of the establishment of personal relations between the leaders and the LED, oriented on the troubleshooting , delivering the message that has been programd and the existence of the specified target. In addition, Dakwa through guidance and counselling Islam also have other characteristics, trying to raise awareness  to internalise values/Islamic teachings in certain circles that  very specific and individual. Keywords : Dakwa, Guidance and Counselling Islam

Islam and Democracy: Conflicts and Congruence

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Md Nazrul Islam

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Is authoritarianism intrinsic to Islam? Is Islam incompatible with democracy? These questions are frequently debated in the context of the study of the relationship between the Western and Islamic civilization. The debate has gained momentum since the last decade of the twentieth century, especially after the collapse of the former Soviet Union and the subsequent transition of socialist states in Eastern Europe and other authoritarian states in Asia and Latin America to democracy. The publication of The Clash of Civilizations by American scholar Samuel Huntington, in which he presented a controversial argument about a cultural divide and clash between the Islamic world and the West, pushed the debate even further. Apart from Muslim intellectuals, Western academics have spent a significant amount of time on these questions, with a multitude of articles and volumes examining the compatibility of Islam and democracy. In this paper, we will examine Islam’s relationship with democracy from normative and philosophical viewpoints, examining how the established values and principles of Islam as reflected in the Qur’anic and prophetic traditions correspond to Western democratic norms and practices. In order to obtain a profound understanding of this subject, we have delved into, through content analysis, the thoughts of several early modernist Islamic scholars who have had tremendous impact on contemporary Islamic revivalist movements throughout the world, and interviewed a number of contemporary Islamic thinkers in Bangladesh.

PERKEMBANGAN PSIKOLOGI ANAK DALAMPENDIDIKAN ISLAM

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Abu Bakar

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Islamic education psychology constitutes a sitem's Sub of psychology knowledge branch that is engaged process learning. Islamic education psychology actually constitute psychology study to day-to-day problem in Islamic education, one that develops principle, models, theory, procedure in learning and works through another issue issue that regard student interaction by learns through al Qur' an and Hadis Rasulullah

Sexuality and Islam.

Science.gov (United States)

Dialmy, Abdessamad

2010-06-01

This paper deals with three major questions: (1) What are the sexual norms defined by the sacred texts (Koran and Sunna)? (2) What are the sexual practices currently observed among Moslems? (3) To which extent are current sexual practices of Moslems dissociated from Islamic sexual norms? Sexual standards in Islam are paradoxical: on the one hand, they allow and actually are an enticement to the exercise of sexuality but, on the other hand, they discriminate between male and female sexuality, between marital and pre- or extramarital sexuality, and between heterosexuality and homosexuality. Men are given more rights with regard to the expression of their sexuality; women are forbidden to have extramarital sex (with their slaves) and both genders to have homosexual relationships. The combination of these paradoxical standards with modernisation leads to the current back and forth swing of sexual practices between repression and openness. Partial modernisation leads to greater sexual tolerance. But restrictive sexual standards have gathered strength and have become idealised as a result of the current radicalisation of Islam. This swing of the pendulum between repression and openness is illustrated by phenomena such as public harassment, premarital sexuality, female pleasure, prostitution, and homosexuality. Currently, Islam is not any more the only reference which provides guidance concerning sexual practices but secularisation of sexual laws is still politically unthinkable today. So the only solution is to achieve reform in the name of Islam, through the reinterpretation of repressive holy texts.

ISLAMIC CARING MODEL ON INCREASE PATIENT SATISFACTION

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Muh. Abdurrouf

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Patient satisfaction was important aspect that must be considered by health service providers, patients who were not satisfied will leave the hospital and be a competitor's customers so be able caused a decrease in sales of products/services and in turn could reduce and even loss of profit, therefore, the hospital must provided the best service so that it could increase patient satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to exams the effect of Islamic caring model on increase patient satisfaction.. Method: This study was used pre-experimental design, the respondents were 31 patients in the treatment group assigned Islamic caring and 31 patients with a kontrol group that were not given Islamic caring Inpatient Surgical Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital Semarang by using consecutive sampling techniques, patient satisfaction data collected through questionnaires and analyzed with Mann-Whitney test, as for finding out the Islamic caring for patient satisfaction were analyzed with spearmen's rho test. Result: The results showed that there was a significant influence of Islamic caring for perceived disconfirmation (p=0,000 there was a perceived disconfirmation influence on patient satisfaction significantly (p=0,000, there was a significant influence of Islamic caring for patient satisfaction in the treatment group with a kontrol group (p=0.001. Discussion: Discussion of this study was Islamic caring model effect on the increase perceived disconfirmation and patient satisfaction, Perceived disconfirmation effect on patient satisfaction, patient satisfaction who given Islamic caring was increase, patients given Islamic caring had higher satisfaction levels than patients who not given Islamic caring. Suggestions put forward based on the results of the study of Islamic caring model could be applied in Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital as a model of nursing care, Islamic caring behavior can be learned and improved through training and commitment and

REASONING OF LIBERAL ISLAM: A STUDY ON ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVES IN LIBERAL ISLAM NETWORK JAKARTA

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Yusa' Farchan

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The renewal of Islamic thinking continuously develops from time to time in Indonesia. This research tries to answer two main problems, they are: how are the reasoning or ideology developed by Liberal Islam Network (LIN?; and how are LIN’s main ideas and their metamorphoses? The research applies qualitative method with hermeneutic approach. The data is collected by library research or text documentation. The data is collected on August 18th to August 29th 2015. The research finds that the ideas of Liberal Islam Network show significant liberal signs. From the ontology of text, in reading religious text, LIN’s assumptions are “the critics over the truth”. LIN applies humanistic approach in reading the religious texts. This is confirmed by LIN’s defense toward human’s dignity. From the aspect of theoretically analytical tools in reading religious texts, LIN applies social sciences, which are socio-historical analyses. LIN uses symbol or semiotics analyses to read the religious text. The main notions of LIN are: First, Islam changes, it is not static; second, context is the first and history is the latter. Here, in reading a religious text, LIN wants to place context (socio-history proportionally; third, LIN intends to hold God in our ground and history. The metamorphoses of LIN’s ideas are: firstly is to oppose theocracy; secondly is to endorse democracy; thirdly is to endorse gender equality; fourthly is to contextualize religious doctrines; and fifthly is to support pluralism and freedom of thinking.

The rights of women in Islam: Examples of Afghanistan and the Islamic Republic of Iran

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Gregorian Meril

2016-01-01

Full Text Available When we look at the rights and status of women in Islam, it is necessary to carefully look at the different interpretations within the framework of Islamic religious schools (madhhabs, their interpretation of various aspects of Islam with aspects of certain religious teachings and schools. Every ideology and teachings have their own specific value system, as well as the specific standards, guidelines and principles to be observed by their creators, followers and admirers. Thus, Islamic intellectuals and lawyers of 'fiqh' must offer a solution to his followers for their environmental problems and dilemmas to play a positive role in social trends in the contemporary Islamic world. It is common to all religious-legal school of interpretation 'fiqh' and the position of women base their teachings on the interpretation of the holy book the Koran and the sunna. All founders of these directions are considered orthodox and differ only in terms of religious rites, interpretations of the Koran, as well as the logical conclusion of the instrument of thought. In the modern world the role of women in Islamic society is more delicate than ever before in history. There is no doubt that the woman will be in terms of Shariah seen as an exemplary member of society and the role of women represents the heart of the Islamic Ummah (community of believers.

KORELASI ANTARA ISLAM DAN EKONOMI

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Akmal Zainal Abidin

2015-03-01

Full Text Available CORELATION BETWEEN ISLAM AND ECONOMY. This paper aims to identifies about the correlation between economic and Islam. Islam is the perfect religion that governs all things in life, including the economy. This is evident with the concept of  well-being which is described in the al-Quran and Sunnah. Basically the goal of every human life is to prosper, although humans make sense of  well- being with a different perspective. Most understand economics assume that welfare is the welfare of  earthly material. But to make sense of well-being with the term al-Falah, is meaning holistic wellbeing and balance between material and spiritual dimensions. al-Quran and Sunnah have taught that the human being will be achieved if  living in balance between material and spiritual. This is because human life does not just stop in the life of this world, but there is still a second life that will be faced by humanity in the hereafter, and well-being will be achieved with the truth is that people can balance the needs of the world and the hereafter, and that is what is taught in Islamic economics. Keywords: Islam, Economy, Prosperity. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelasakn tentang korelasi antara ekonomi  dan  Islam.  Islam  adalah  agama  yang  sempurna  yang mengatur segala hal dalam kehidupan ini, termasuk juga ekonomi. Hal ini terbukti dengan konsep kesejahteraan yang dipaparkan dalam al-Quran dan Sunnah. Pada dasarnya tujuan hidup setiap manusia adalah untuk mencapai kesejahteraan, meskipun manusia memaknai kesejahteraan dengan perspektif  yang berbeda-beda. Sebagian besar paham ekonomi menganggap bahwa kesejahteraan adalah kesejahteraan material duniawi. Namun Islam memaknai kesejahteraan dengan istilah  Falah  yang  berarti  kesejahteraan  holistik  dan  seimbang antara dimensi material dan spiritual. Al-Quran dan Sunnah telah mengajarkan bahwa kesejahteraan akan tercapai jika manusia menjalani hidup secara seimbang antara material dan

Politiske buddhister

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Borup, Jørn

2007-01-01

Munkene i Myanmar (Burma) er på gaden i politiske protester mod et undertrykkende regime. Den fredelige asiatiske religion er kommet i politikernes bevidsthed, og for en gangs skyld er det ikke islam, der skaber overskrifter i mediernes religionsdækning. Men politik og buddhisme har aldrig været...

PEMBARUAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM: TELAAH RETROSPEKTIF DAN PROSPEKTIF

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Maidar Maidar

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Islamic reform however which be conducted at the moment, should be started through education as education is the key to open the door of modernization. Therefore, the thinkers of Islamic education, Islamic education needs to rethink both retrospective and prospective. Retrospective is about the changes of educational form in the past. While the prospective is about the changing of the educational process in the future, namely the idea and Islamic education reform programs which have the link roots to modernization thought and Islamic civilization as a whole. It has relationship and link to reformation (tajdid that is to revive the Islamic faith. It is the basis of belief that reform movements remain a legitimate part of the original and the description of Islam at the stage of the history.

CURRICULUM, ISLAMIC UNDERSTANDING AND RADICAL ISLAMIC MOVEMENTS IN INDONESIA

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Husniyatus Salamah Zainiyati

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This article is intended to argue several things. The first is that the educational institutions can play two roles within the context of transmitting Islamic understanding; either to preach the tolerance or in contrast the radicalism. The second is that the teachers affiliated to certain radical movements often fall in to corrupt practices by abusing the school curriculum, which actually is aimed at providing guideline for the teachers of Islamic Religion in order to promote characters of students in line with the values of Indonesia Islam. The third is that the condition and the environment of schools tend to allow the room for the deployment process of radical movements in Indonesia. This article will explore issues on the relationship between school curriculum and radicalism, the transmission of Islamic understanding as well as possible solutions for overcoming the spread of radicalism. In conclusion, this article will reinforce ideas that teachers are the most important instruments within the curriculum implementation. In this regards, it is important to note that curriculum in its various forms is just a text and hence the teachers are the ones really determine the ways in which it is being read and interpreted. It is suggested then that there is a duty that should be performed by the government to strengthen their ideology based on the country national guidelines embraced by Muslims in Indonesia.

Suffering in the mystical traditions of Buddhism and Christianity

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Jakub Urbaniak

2014-08-01

Full Text Available This article seeks to explore the mystical approaches to suffering characteristic of both Buddhism and Christianity. Through the analysis of the meanings, the two traditions in question ascribe to suffering as a ‘component’ of mystical experience; it challenges the somewhat oversimplified understanding of the dichotomy ’sage-the-robot versus saint-the-sufferer’. Thus it contributes to the ongoing discussion on the theological–spiritual dimensions of the human predicament, as interpreted by various religious traditions. It also illustrates (though only implicitly in what sense – to use the Kantian distinction – the mystical experience offers boundaries (Schranken without imposing limits (Grenzen to interfaith encounter and dialogue. Man [sic] is ready and willing to shoulder any suffering, as soon and as long as he can see a meaning in it. (Frankl 1967:56

PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PERSPEKTIF PENDIDIKAN ISLAM

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Najahah Najahah

2016-09-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Conceptually, education based community is a model of education provision which is based on the principle of community, by community and to community. Education of community means education providing the answers of communities' needs. Education by community means society is placed as the subject or the educational actors, not the objects of education. In this context, communities are demanded their role and active participation in any educational program. Indonesian society is muslims majority, so Islamic Education is needed in order to implement Islamic values in everyday life. The human empowerment in Islamic education perspective is through Islamic boarding school education, Da'wah Islamiyah, the assembly of study groups, the establishment of foundations or Islamic organizations, with the levels of RA, MI, MTs, MA, Islamic Education in the family or the worship places, Al-Qur'an education institutions of TPA or TPQ, and other Institutions.

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dalam Perspektif Pendidikan Islam

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Najahah Najahah

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Conceptually, education based community is a model of education provision which is based on the principle of community, by community and to community. Education of community means education providing the answers of communities' needs. Education by community means society is placed as the subject or the educational actors, not the objects of education. In this context, communities are demanded their role and active participation in any educational program. Indonesian society is muslims majority, so Islamic Education is needed in order to implement Islamic values ​​in everyday life. The human empowerment in Islamic education perspective is through Islamic boarding school education, Da'wah Islamiyah, the assembly of study groups, the establishment of foundations or Islamic organizations, with the levels of RA, MI, MTs, MA, Islamic Education in the family or the worship places, Al-Qur'an education institutions of TPA or TPQ, and other Institutions.

PENDEKATAN SOSIOLOGI PENGETAHUAN KIRI ISLAM HASAN HANAFÎ

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Abdulloh Hanif

2015-08-01

Full Text Available The Islamic Left was not born out of a vacuum. It is a manifestation of a particular social constructs. The Islamic Left is H}asan H}anafî’s thought which is based on his experiences. As to view the Islamic Left as a social reality, sociology of knowledge will be used. The sociology of knowledge not only rejects the notion that social reality is born from a vacuum, but it also analyzes the socially constructed reality, and how the reality was accepted by society as a fact. Therefore, the sociology of knowledge will analyze process of the formation of the Islamic Left as a social reality, and how the Islamic Left can be seen and accepted by society. In an objective reality, the Islamic Left is a discourse of thought of a particular experience with the aim of revolution. While in a subjective reality, the Islamic Left can be considered as an individual who was born at a time when human values are at stake in the history of life, either in a global context or in a context of Islam itself. Thus, it builds awareness that distinguishes him/herself psychologically with others. This study expects the ideas contained in the Islamic Left to be used widely to analyze different contexts so that the application of the Islamic Left ideas can be viewed.

Revitalisasi Spiritualitas Ekologi Perspektif Pendidikan Islam

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Eko Asmanto

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Amid the growing coalescence between the religion and ecology movement, religion and science, spirituality and ecology, the voice of Muslim thinking that care for the earth and its people is rising. While the Islamic position on the environment is not well-represented in the eco-theology discourse, it advances an environmental imaginary which shows how faith can be harnessed as a movement for social change. This article will draw upon field research which synthesized the Islamic ecological spirituality (eco-spirituality from sacred texts, traditions, and contemporary thought, and illustrated how this spirituality is enlivened in the educational landscape of Islam. Knowledge of the relationship between human beings and the natural world, of the function upon which the nature was created, and of the function right living, is essential in this educational project, and the global eco-Islamic movement toward the eco-friendly community to environment. Despite the manifestation of environmental education activities in educational establishment, which are generally patterned Islamic education today is not representative of the holistic, integrated, and comprehensive educational philosophy of Islam. As contemporary world today, such as the environmental question, act as an impetus to encourages, to develop even to build a pedagogy which endeavours to be true to the religious traditions, values, and ethics of Islam, while also displaying the transformation of Islamic faith. Of course, many of them based their life, and lifestyle decisions on the teachings of Islam, and are showing the relevance of traditional resources and greatest life challenges facing humanity today; namely “save our nature”.

KAJIAN KRITIS TENTANG AKULTURASI ISLAM DAN BUDAYA LOKAL

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M. Arsad AT

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Islam came to archipelago (Indonesia could not be separated from the shades where Islam was born. However, Islam that was brought to Indonesia adapted with the local culture. The process of compounding between Islamization and acculturation, made Islam in the archipelago easily accepted by society. There is no resistance, except reception. If there is a modifications, it is no more than the injection of Islamic values in a tradition that have been there. In its development, the Islamic archipelago with moderate characteristics, local culture appreciation, and taking sides to local residents in facing the challenge, causing Islam was accepted as a new religion. The real proof of the compounds between Islam and local culture, can be found in the work of the Chronicle, saga, lontara, literature, mysticism, mythology. Then, in terms of the architecture of the nineth layered roof buildings of the mosque of Demak "from Meru" in pre-Islam era, later replaced by Sunan Kalijaga to become tree roofs that symbolizes faith, Islam, and Ihsan (good deeds. Salvation culture, the Prophet's birthday, yasinan (qur’anic recitation of Yasin verses, and “sekaten”, are also the real proof of the compound-ing.

Features influencing Islamic websites use: A Muslim user perspective

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Mansur Aliyu

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Muslim scholars and organisations use the Internet through various websites to spread Islam globally. The presence of many websites providing Islamic contents online makes it necessary to examine their Islamic features and the factors that influence Muslims to use Islamic websites. This paper empirically investigates the Islamic features that influence the use of Islamic websites by Muslim users. The identified Islamic factors were grouped under five factors: beliefs, ethics, services, symbols, and values. A survey of 246 Muslim Islamic website users was conducted between November and December  2012 at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM. The study develops and tests a path measurement model to confirm the psychometric properties of the five identified factors. The study found that Islamic features significantly influence Muslims to use Islamic websites. The measurement model and empirical results provide valuable indicators for the direction of future research and also suggest guidelines for developing Islamic websites that will easily influence many Internet users to visit them in order to learn about Islamic teachings and practices. The findings are also of considerable importance as they contribute to the present body of knowledge on Islamic websites’ evaluation and for practice in designing and developing quality Islamic websites.

What’s in a name? An enquiry about the interpretation of Agama Hindu as “Hinduism”

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Michel Picard

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract In this article, I question the conceptual categories of“religion”, “agama”, “dharma”, and “Hinduism”, in orderto investigate through which processes and within whichcontexts the Balinese religion resulted in being construedas agama Hindu. After having investigated how theSanskrit loanword agama came to designate in Indonesiaan Islamic conception of what “religion” is about, I assessthe similarities between the construction of Indian Neo-Hinduism and the interpretation of the Balinese religion asagama Hindu. In particular, I pay attention to the controversywhich has been dividing the Balinese intelligentsia overthe proper name of their religion, as it reveals a perennialconflict between the Balinese who want to retain thespecificity of their customary ritual practices, and thosewho aspire to reform the Balinese religion by conformingit to what they think Hinduism is about.

ISLAM JAWA IN DIASPORA AND QUESTIONS ON LOCALITY

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Maftukhin Maftukhin

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This article examines the translocal Islam Jawa (Javanese Islam that characterises the deterritorialisation of culture through space and time. Contrary to mainstream approaches to Islam Jawa that tends substantially picture Islam and Muslim in Java as a mere “localised form of Islam”, it sees Islam Jawa as a “translocal” practices. In addition, it sees that the idea of Islam Jawa travels, deterritorialises, and reterritorialises in different times and places. Therefore, what is imagined by scholars as “local Islam” is not local in traditional and geographical senses because Islam Jawa is formed, shaped and influenced by the mobility, entanglement, connectivity across oceans, regions, and borders. The Islam Jawa also travels to a different place, transcending the modern limits of nation-states' boundaries. Islam Jawa is a product and a consequence of the efforts to establish between “imagined” spatial and temporal congruence.

Islamic Puritanism Movements in Indonesia as Transnational Movements

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Benny Baskara

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Islamic puritanism movements are the movements compelling to return to the teachings of Quran and Sunnah, as the pure teachings of Islam and abandon even abolish other teachings outside the teachings of Quran and Sunnah. The movements of Islamic puritanism can be considered as transnational movements because they spread their teachings and ideologies, create organizations, networks, and provide financial supports across nations. This paper describes Islamic puritanism movements in Indonesia and their transnational connections. Some Islamic puritanism movements in Indonesia can be considered as part of Islamic transnational movements, in which most of the movements are centered in the Middle East. In Indonesia, Islamic puritanism movements firstly appeared in the beginning of the nineteenth century, called Padri movement in West Sumatra. It was then continued to the emergence of Islamic organizations in the twentieth century. Recently, Islamic puritanism movements in Indonesia mostly take form as Salafism-Wahabism movements.

Hinduism and death with dignity: historic and contemporary case examples.

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Dewar, Rajan; Cahners, Nancy; Mitchell, Christine; Forrow, Lachlan

2015-01-01

An estimated 1.2 to 2.3 million Hindus live in the United States. End-of-life care choices for a subset of these patients may be driven by religious beliefs. In this article, we present Hindu beliefs that could strongly influence a devout person's decisions about medical care, including end-of-life care. We provide four case examples (one sacred epic, one historical example, and two cases from current practice) that illustrate Hindu notions surrounding pain and suffering at the end of life. Chief among those is the principle of karma, through which one reaps the benefits and penalties for past deeds. Deference to one's spouse or family is another important Hindu value, especially among Hindu women, which can impact the decision-making process and challenge the Western emphasis on autonomy. In addition, the Hindu embrace of astrology can lead to a desire to control the exact time of death. Confounding any generalizations, a Hindu patient may reject or accept treatments based on the individual patient's or family's interpretation of any given tradition. Through an awareness of some of the fundamental practices in Hinduism and the role of individual interpretation within the tradition, clinicians will be better able to support their Hindu patients and families at the end of life. Copyright 2015 The Journal of Clinical Ethics. All rights reserved.

[Influences of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism on Chinese Medical Formulas in Jin-Tang Dynasties].

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Wu, Xiao-xiang

2006-04-01

In the Jin-Tang Dynasties, when Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism contended, conflicted and well blent, forming a state of mingled thoughts of the three sects. It exerted profound influences on Chinese Medical Formulas and promoted the academic fashion of compiling books about medical formulas characterized by collecting various formulas especially the simple and proved recipes. This plays a role in the formation of the formulas used in the Jin-Tang Dynasties, featuring simplicity, convenience, cheapness, and effectiveness, different from those of other periods.

Tamaddun sebagai Konsep Peradaban Islam

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Hamid Fahmy Zarkasyi

2015-11-01

Full Text Available This article aims at promoting an appropriate term to depict the substantial meaning of Islamic civilization. Even though there are various terms in Arabic that refer to the meaning of civilization, such as hadârah, tsaqâfah, ‘umrân, the term that substantially compatible with Islam is tamaddun. From a linguistic perspective the root of tamaddun can be traced back to the word dîn, meaning religion. In this case the relation between civilization in the form of scientific movement and political authority with religion is considerably clearer and even provable with historical facts. From the time of the Prophet Muhammad, Umayyad Caliphate, Abbasid Caliphate, until the Ottoman Caliphate the relationship of religion and civilization was manifested. In Islamic history, when Islam entered to a region, the knowledge there will grow rapidly so as to bring prosperity and welfare. When Islam expanded its territory, it did three important stages: First, the expansion of political power dominated by military forces; second, the spreading of religion to the society such Islamic preaching and scientific activity based on al-Qur’an was dominated. Here, the people tried to integrate the teaching of al-Qur’an with the science that comes from other civilizations, especially Greek, Indian, and Persian; third is the spreading of Arabic language to become the official language of science and communication. These three stages proved that the widespread political power in Islamic history was always based on dîn and the development of science, which in turn, becomes civilization of science as well as religion, which defines tamaddun. Therefore, Islam accepted by any nation either non-Muslim or non-Arab for it departed from rational dîn which develops into tamaddun.

Teaching the Politics of Islamic Fundamentalism.

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Kazemzadeh, Masoud

1998-01-01

Argues that the rise of Islamic fundamentalism since the Iranian Revolution has generated a number of issues of analytical significance for political science. Describes three main models in teaching and research on Islamic fundamentalism: Islamic exceptionalism, comparative fundamentalisms, and class analysis. Discusses the construction of a…

Dimensi politik hukum dalam perkembangan ekonomi Islam di Indonesia

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Bambang Iswanto

2015-02-01

Full Text Available This study aims to describe the history of recent Islamic economic development in the correlation to politics as a sought to formulated some Islamic economic laws. This qualitative study is an exploratory- analysis. It intended to analyze the position of Islamic economic in Indonesian’s system of law, so it will found the clear description of the implementation of Islamic economic laws in Indonesia. It is a library research. The study found that it is important to found the frame of the development of the products of Islamic economic law at the both period; i.e. New Order and Reformation Era. The concept of Islamic economy is still dominated by the application of Islamic principles in the areas of finance, especially banking. This dominance is not supposed to leave the Islamic economic instruments. In this respect, it associated with the political and legal product, then all the aspects and the Islamic economic instruments should be viewed comprehensively. Tulisan ini akan menguraikan mengenai sejarah ekonomi Islam modern dan keterkaitannya dengan politik dalam upaya merumuskan berbagai hukum ekonomi Islam. Penelitian kualitatif ini merupakan studi exploratory-analysis. Pendekatan ini dimaksudkan untuk menganalisis posisi ekonomi Islam dalam tata hukum Indonesia sehingga akan dapat diperoleh gambaran bagaimana bentuk implementasi ekonomi Islam di Indonesia. Penelitian kepustakaan ini menemukan urgensi untuk menemukan kerangka pengembangan produk hukum ekonomi Islam pada dua periode yang ada yaitu Orde Baru dan Era Reformasi. Konsep ekonomi Islam masih didominasi dengan penerapan prinsip Islam dalam bidang keuangan terutama perbankan. Dominasi ini tidak seharusnya melupakan instrumen ekonomi Islam lainnya karena jika dikaitkan dengan politik dan produk hukum, maka semua aspek dan instrumen ekonomi Islam tersebut harus bisa dilihat secara komprehensif.

Islamic approach in counseling.

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Hanin Hamjah, Salasiah; Mat Akhir, Noor Shakirah

2014-02-01

A religious approach is one of the matters emphasized in counseling today. Many researchers find that there is a need to apply the religious element in counseling because religion is important in a client's life. The purpose of this research is to identify aspects of the Islamic approach applied in counseling clients by counselors at Pusat Kaunseling Majlis Agama Islam Negeri Sembilan (PKMAINS). In addition, this research also analyses the Islamic approach applied in counseling at PKMAINS with reference to al-Quran and al-Sunnah. This is a qualitative research in the form of case study at PKMAINS. The main method used in this research is interview. The research instrument used is interview protocol. The respondents in this study include 9 counselors who serve in one of the counseling centers in Malaysia. This study also uses questionnaire as an additional instrument, distributed to 36 clients who receive counseling service at the center. The findings of the study show that the Islamic approach applied in counseling at PKMAINS may be categorized into three main aspects: aqidah (faith), ibadah (worship/ultimate devotion and love for God) and akhlaq (moral conduct). Findings also show that the counseling in these aspects is in line with Islamic teachings as contained in al-Quran and al-Sunnah.

Simbolisme Agama dalam Politik Islam

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Ibnu Rochman

2007-04-01

Full Text Available The study of the symbolism of religion in Islamic politic is necessary to conduct because it is vast opportunity avaliable in the reformation and democratization era for most of Indonesian representing Moslem to express thier insight and thought that various forms ranging from vulgar, the emotion and the rational one. There are among the expression using symbols, even many Moslem who are active in practical politics Islamic symbols. Considering the title of the study "the Symbolism of Religion Philosophy in Islamic Politic", the author will study the philosopher suggesting that human being is homo symbolicum and also the history of politics in Islam since the disciples of Muhammad to the present. It is expected that the method of study provide the finding that symbolism of religion in Islamic politic takes place not only at present, but also it evidences that human being is homo symbolicus. The study is literature study. The collected data is critically analyzed using interpretation and historical methods. The result of the study shows that the Moslem politicans in the history of Islamic politics used religious symbols in practice. The position of the symbolic action in religion representing the medium of human-cosmic commucation and the physical and spiritual religious communication, are also used in political practice

Islam & Tradisi Budaya di Sulawesi-Selatan

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Mardi Adi Armin

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Islam cannot be separated from the influence of local cultural, either in antithesis or synthesis. There is aculturation process between religion in one hand and culture in other hand. Therefore, the term purification is likely suitable to this case and become interesting discourse along the time. There have been terms Jawa Islam, Iran Islam, Europe Islam, Sunni Islam, etc. In some notes, one of social organization which cannot be tolerant to bid’ah, khurafat, tahayyul practices is Muhammadiyah. By this organization, it is acknowlegded that some element of community began to throw away such this rites. In another perspective, such traditions actually can enrich the local geniun. The national and local culture are parts of Indonesian cultural life.

DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN THOUGHTS IN ISLAM

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Eka Hendry Ar

2013-12-01

Full Text Available For more than 14 centuries, history has proved that Islamic teachings come with a variety of thoughts, social cultural backgrounds, periods through which the development and the dynamics evolved. The primary mission of mankind as the khalifah fil ardh (the caliph of the earth, is to practice the Islamic teachings (Shariah in accordance with the provisions of the primary source of Islam itself, i.e. the Qur’an and Hadith. At least, a long history of Islam as a religion of revelation suggests that the existence of Islamic teachings can grow and develop in every corner of the world, with a variety of spreading patterns that give the nuances and the mosaics in the development of the religion the present day.

Psychoanalysis, Islam, and the other of Liberalism.

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Massad, Joseph

2009-01-01

This paper examines the terms and methods used by psychoanalytic authors to explain and understand something they other as "Islam." The paper engages critically and psycho-analytically with these authors' attempts to read "Islam" psychoanalytically, and finds that more often than not they subject it to liberal principles that are not defined in psychoanalytic terms. Focusing on the work of Tunisian author Fethi Benslama, the paper analyses and deconstructs certain key semantic and conceptual confusions of "Islam" and "Islamism" that are manifest in the general psychoanalytic literature on "Islam".

Islamic factor in contemporary Russia

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N. M. Shalenna

2014-01-01

Russian Federation, a Eurasian multinational state, has a significant number of indigenous Muslim population (about 10%) that continues to increase not only due to natural growth and conversion of non-Muslims to Islam, but also as a result of intensive immigration from the Central Asian countries and Azerbaijan. Islamic factor significantly predetermined policy of Russia during its historical development. The importance of Islam in contemporary political life has been underlined by many gover...

Capital adequacy implications on Islamic and non-Islamic bank's behavior: Does market power matter?

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Salma Louati

2015-09-01

Full Text Available After each crisis, reforms are carried out to prevent a new episode of financial crises. In this context, our objective in this study is to examine and simultaneously compare the behavior of Islamic and conventional banks in relation to the ratio of the capital adequacy in different competitive circumstances. We used data from 12 MENA and South East Asian countries characterized by the coexistence of Islamic and conventional banks. We concluded that the funding ratio has a significant impact on the behavior of 70 conventional banks and 47 Islamic banks. However, competitive conditions have no significant effect on the relationship between the weighted assets ratio and Islamic bank behavior, which means that this type of banks is applying theoretical models based on the prohibition of the interest.

Adab Sebagai Politik Hukum Islam

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Yogi Prasetyo

2017-05-01

Full Text Available This paper aims to know the concept of adab as the politics of Islamic law. Only Islam has the adab to organize people in all spheres of life while still being able to keep up with the times. Islam as a civilized religion wants the good of the world and here after by making human beings as khamil who believe and piety to Allah SWT is evidenced by obedience to His laws as dijelskan in al-Qur’an and Hadith. Adab is a basic principle typical of Islam which contains the values and rules of law that govern human life. Adab contains an inner philosophy of life that explains the lives of the past, present and future. The dimensions of space and time covered in adab can always follow global developments, so that there is an eternal politics of Islamic law as a way for the Islamic law that governs the good of human beings to be the main grip in living life. It is important that the role of adab in the development of the ummah, because it contains about the laws of Allah SWT to regulate acceptable human life and become the main need to practice it, because the goodness that is in it is desired by the whole people. The value contained in it is able to reduce the egoism and fanatic sentiments that are often spread by interested parties. As the politics of Islamic law, adab contains the wisdom of life, contained in it can provide widespread benefit to all mankind.

The Educational Value of Hinduism on the Gumi Suda Ceremony at the Birth of the Twin Babies with Different Genders (Case Study at Pakraman Village of Ketewel, Sukawati District, Gianyar Regency

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Asthadi Mahendra Bhandesa

2017-10-01

Full Text Available This study aimed to identify the educational values of Hinduism on the Gumi Suda ceremony at the Birth of the twin babies with different genders in Pakraman Village of Ketewel, Sukawati District, Gianyar Regency.  The data were collected by using interviews technique and literatures review. Furthermore, the data were analyzed through data reduction process or chosen according to the purpose of the research. The data analysis process was done continuously during the research from the beginning until the end of the research through the systematic tracking and arranging process of the transcripts of interviews, field notes and other materials. The Findings indicated that some of the educational values of Hinduism on the Gumi Suda ceremony at the birth of the twin babies with different genders in Pakraman Village of Ketewel, Sukawati District, Gianyar Regency are tattwa, ethics, ceremonial, health education and social educational values.

The Development of Murabaha in Indonesian Islamic Banks

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Ari Kurniawan

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Over the last few years, Islamic trading transaction has become more popular in Indonesia. Retail trade in Islamic banks for an example. There are many Islamic banks in Indonesia that provide alternative business transactions and halal product in retail trade to the public based on Islamic law, but Islamic banks must obey not only the origins of Islamic law, such as the Holy Qur’an and the Sunnah but also Islamic principle in terms of the prohibition of uncertainty, interest and gambling when they run their business in retail trade. One of the agreements in retail trade is Murabaha which involves several possible structures, notably direct trading, company (seller purchases via an agent or a third party and murabaha via the customer as an Agent. However, there are several contemporary issues, particularly Murabaha via Shares and executing time of Murabaha that still need to be discussed whether they disobey Islamic law and basic Islamic principles or not. How to Cite: Kurniawan, A., & Shomad, A. (2016. The Development of Murabaha in Indonesian Islamic Banks. Rechtsidee, 3(1, 1-16. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/jihr.v3i1.153

MODEL KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM MULTIKULTURAL DI PONDOK PESANTREN MODERN ISLAM ASSALAM SURAKARTA

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Abdullah Aly

2015-07-01

Full Text Available This research aims to: (1 investigate the curriculum planning of Assalaam Modern Islamic Boarding School Surakarta (henceforth MIBS and its multicultural values; (2 understand the implementation of Assalaam MIBS curriculum and its multicultural values; (3 reveal the curriculum evaluation of  Assalaam MIBS and its multicultural values; and (4 search a model of curriculum development for multicultural Islamic Boarding Schools. This research produces 4 find- ings. First, closely investigated from multicultural perspectives, the curriculum planning of Assalaam  MIBS  includes  both  multicultural  values  (democratic  and  justice  values  and  antimulticultural values (discrimination and injustice values. Second, in the curriculum implementation, both multicultural and antimulticultural values are exposed to students. While the values of democracy, solidarity, togetherness, love, forgiveness, peace and tolerance are embedded in the learning materials, activities, and evaluation, the values of discrimination and injustice are found in the learning references, available only for special service program as opposed to regular programs. Third, the curriculum evaluation contains multicultural values such as democracy, peace, tolerance, and togetherness particularly embedded in the processes and product of curriculum evaluation. On the other hand, conflict, hegemony and domination values are found in the interac- tion among students in daily school environments. Fourth, the model curriculum of multicultural Islamic Boarding School needs to consider three aspects: (1 the planning of the multicultural Islamic boarding school curriculum is determined by its process and product; (2 the implementation of the multicultural Islamic Boarding school curriculum is determined by the textbooks that contain multicultural values; learning strategies that stimulate students’ active participation in democratic and interesting learning activities; and

Buddhist Contribution to the Socialist Transformation of Buddhism in China: Activities of Ven. Juzan during 1949–1953

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Xue Yu

2015-02-01

Full Text Available This paper examines the role played by Chinese Buddhists, especially the so-called "progressive Buddhists," in the socialist transformation of the sangha at the early stage of the People’s Republic of China (PRC. I concentrate on the case of Ven. Juzan (1908–1984. While the focus on one individual does not reveal the whole story about Chinese Buddhists’ involvement in the Chinese Communist Party’s project of reshaping the sangha, the career of Juzan does provide a window on the issue. By exploring various sources, including Modern Buddhist Studies (Xiandai foxue and government documents, I investigate how Juzan urged his fellow Buddhists to work with the Communist leadership, and how he justified government policies on Buddhism by reinterpreting Buddhist doctrines. In so doing, this study intends to show that Chinese Buddhists’ collaboration with the Communist regime was a significant dimension of the socialist transformation of the Chinese sangha, a process that laid the foundation for full-scale persecution of Buddhism during the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976.

Islamic design a mathematical approach

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Wichmann, Brian

2017-01-01

This book deals with the genre of geometric design in the Islamic sphere. Part I presents an overview of Islamic history, its extraordinary spread from the Atlantic to the borders of China in its first century, its adoption of the cultural outlook of the older civilisations that it conquered (in the Middle East, Persia and Central Asia), including their philosophical and scientific achievements - from which it came to express its own unique and highly distinctive artistic and architectural forms. Part II represents the mathematical analysis of Islamic geometric designs.  The presentation offers unlimited precision that allows software to reconstruct the design vision of the original artist. This book will be of interest to Islamic academics, mathematicians as well as to artists & art students.

On Political Islam in Palestine

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Egor A. Stepkin

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract: This article deals with analyzing the place and the political Islam occupies on the Palestinian territories. The author tries to prove that despite the “Arab spring” and growing popularity of Islamism in the neighbor Arab countries its popular support among Palestinians is low. The main reason for this is Israeli total control of political, economic and - partially - social processes taking place in the West Bank. Position of the officials in Ramallah who together with Tel-Aviv strictly contain spread of Islamism throughout the West Bank also has a strong suppressing effect. Central Palestinian leadership may be called one of the few secular political establishments that are still in power in the Arab countries. The main explanation for this is the desire to make a positive effect on the international community, which Palestine totally depends on in political and financial terms. Also one should keep in mind secular beliefs of the current political elite in Palestine. President Mahmoud Abbas with his counterparts from FATAH and PLO represent old type of Arab nationalist politicians, almost all of who were stripped from power after the beginning of “Arab spring” in 2011. Finally, Palestinian society itself still feels united by the idea of national liberation from the Israeli occupation. This helps Palestinians to put aside the issue of religious self-identification. According to the surveys, most of Palestinians still rank their national identity number while describing their identity, while religion comes only second (despite the strong stable tendency for growing Islamization of their views. The only Palestinian enclave where political Islam has gained ground is isolated Gaza Strip. However ruling there “Islamic Resistance Movement” (HAMAS, despite declared anti-Zionism and Islamism, in reality show pragmatic readiness for certain coordination of its actions with Israel and central government in Ramallah. Nowadays one can

METHODS OF TEACHING ISLAMIC FIQH

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Muhammad Jarir

2013-01-01

This paper examined the most important methods used in the teaching of Islamic fiqh at the university level. The paper identified two types of methods and highlighted their advantages and disadvantages. The study particularly highlighted the Islamic perception of the methods and the optimal characteristics of a fiqh instructor. The paper concluded with a number of suggestion and recommendation that’s my correct the course of university teaching of Islamic fiqh. The paper mainly calls for the ...

ISLAM AND ARAT SABULUNGAN IN MENTAWAI

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Maskota Delfi

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The remoteness of the Mentawai Islands has contributed to an almost autonomous development, unaided by mainland Sumatra. As a result of a well endowed environment and supported by staple local foods such as sago, taro and bananas, as well as an abundance of wildlife including wild boars, a finely tuned self-sufficiency was realised. In this space the management and distribution of food, including animal protein, is an important aspect of the culture of Arat Sabulungan. As the result of the compulsory state sanctioned religions program introduced in 1954, some Mentawaians have converted to Islam or Catholicism as their formal religious identity. However, a remarkable adaptation occured in which the layers of Mentawai identity were not lost in the adaption to the Islamic faith. Islam with its teachings, and other formal religions, are considered as  the sasareu (outsiders. The prohibition of consuming boar as part of islamic rules is a sasareu rules that contradict to Mentawaian Arat .[Kepulauan Mentawai yang terisolasi telah berkembang secara mandiri tanpa bantuan dari pulau induknya, Sumatra. Lingkungan yang subur dan mendukung ketersediaan sumber makanan pokok lokal seperti sagu, talas, dan pisang serta berlimpahnya satwa liar, termasuk babi hutan, telah mendorong terciptanya swasembada pangan. Manajemen dan distribusi makanan merupakan aspek penting dalam jalinan budaya dan sistem kepercayaan local, Arat Sabulungan. Sebagai hasil dari kebijakan pemerintah untuk menerapkan agama resmi bagi orang Mentawai pada tahun 1954, orang Mentawai kemudian masuk Islam atau Katolik. Namun demikian, adaptasi yang luar biasa juga terjadi, sehingga lapisan-lapisan identitas Mentawai tidak hilang dalam adaptasinya dengan keyakinan Islam. Islam dengan ajaran-ajarannya, juga agama-agama dunia lainnya, dipandang sebagai ajaran asing. Larangan mengkonsumsi daging babi sebagai bagian dari ajaran Islam, misalnya, dipandang sebagai ajaran asing yang bertentangan

SENI ISLAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL FARUQI: Sebuah Komparasi

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Yulia Eka Putrie

2009-04-01

Full Text Available The perspective of Islamic arts proposed by Ismail Raji al Faruqi in his book Islamic Culture Atlas can be considered as a very comprehensive perspective of esthetics and arts based on Islamic worldview. Al Faruqi’s perspective of Islamic arts includes various genres of arts, such as literature, calligraphy, ornamentation, interior design, and music. Therefore, al Faruqi’s perspective is expected to be able to use in architecture, especially Islamic architecture. Although al Faruqi classifies architecture as a part of interior design, there are some characteristics of architecture in general different from the interior design characteristics proposed by al Faruqi. Hence, further studies are needed to place al Faruqi’s perspective in the context of architecture study. That should be done in order that al Faruqi’s perspective can be understood in architecture science. Furthermore, the characteristics are hoped to become one of the parameters in esthetic dimension of architecture objects designed in Islamic framework. Therefore, al Faruqi’s perspective of Islamic arts can enrich storage area of Islamic architecture science as the implementation of Islamic worldview.

IMPLEMENTASI SUPERVISI KLINIS DALAM PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM

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Saiful Arif

2008-07-01

Full Text Available Pendidikan Agama Islam perlu dilakukan langkahlangkah inovasi, termasuk pengembangan guru agama yang merupakan upaya terus-menerus dari suatu organisasi profesi keguruan. Pengembagan profesi guru agama Islam diarahkan pada peningkatan karir, pengetahuan, dan keterampilan yang dapat dilaksanakan secara formal dan informal. Pengembangan formal diselenggarakan dan menjadi tanggung jawab institusi penyelenggara pendidikan agama Islam itu, baik melalui penataran, tugas belajar, lokakarya dan sejenisnya. Sedangkan pengembangan informal merupakan tanggungjawab guru agama Islam yang dilaksanakan sendiri atau bersama dengan rekan kerjanya. Hambatan terhadap upaya ini timbul karena guru agama Islam sering terlalu terikat dengan pekerjaan rutinitas, kurangnya penyediaan sarana dan prasarana, dan atau kurang termotivasi diri dalam upaya mengembangkan profesionalitasnya. Sudah tentu pada aspek ini dibutuhkan adanya bantuan dan bimbingan dari seorang supervisor pendidikan Agama Islam, dan disinilah dibutuhkan adanya pelaksanaan supervisi klinis.

Informed consent: cultural and religious issues associated with the use of allogeneic and xenogeneic mesh products.

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Jenkins, Eric D; Yip, Michael; Melman, Lora; Frisella, Margaret M; Matthews, Brent D

2010-04-01

Our aim was to investigate the views of major religions and cultural groups regarding the use of allogeneic and xenogeneic mesh for soft tissue repair. We contacted representatives from Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, Scientology, and Christianity (Baptists, Methodists, Seventh-Day Adventists, Catholics, Lutherans, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, Evangelical, and Jehovah's Witnesses). We also contacted American Vegan and People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA). Standardized questionnaires were distributed to the religious and cultural authorities. Questions solicited views on the consumption of beef and pork products and the acceptability of human-, bovine-, or porcine-derived acellular grafts. Dietary restrictions among Jews and Muslims do not translate to tissue implantation restriction. Approximately 50% of Seventh-day Adventists and 40% of Buddhists practice vegetarianism, which may translate into a refusal of the use of xenogeneic tissue. Some Hindus categorically prohibit the use of human tissue and animal products; others allow the donation and receipt of human organs and tissues. PETA is opposed to all uses of animals, but not to human acellular grafts or organ transplantation. Some vegans prefer allogeneic to xenogeneic tissue. Allogeneic and xenogeneic acellular grafts are acceptable among Scientologists, Baptists, Lutherans, Evangelicals, and Catholics. Methodists, Jehovah's Witnesses, and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints leave the decision up to the individual. Knowledge of religious and cultural preferences regarding biologic mesh assists the surgeon in obtaining a culturally sensitive informed consent for procedures involving acellular allogeneic or xenogeneic grafts. Copyright (c) 2010 American College of Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The Factors of Forming the National HR-Management Model

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Elena P. Kostenko

2017-12-01

Full Text Available There are some factors considered in this article, which influence the forming of national HR-management model. The group-forming criterion is the nature of factors, that determine the system of HR-management as a system of corporate culture values, norms and rules of organizational behavior, ways of realization some important managing functions and dominating approaches to make decisions. This article shows that the plurality of combinations in different factors leads to forming the unique HR-management model. The geoclimatic factor influences the principles of the labor organization (orientation primarily on individual or collective forms of labor, attitude to the management experience of other countries, attitude to resources, etc., the distribution of labor resources, the level of labor mobility, and the psychosocial type of employee. Models of man's labor behavior are constituted In the process of historical development. Attention is focused on the formation of a national HR-model, such as the conducted socio-economic policy, the characteristics of the institutional environment, economic goals and priorities of the country's development, the level of development and the nature of the national productive forces and economic structures. Much attention was paid to the analysis of the historically formed value system and labor traditions, which influence the approaches to HR-management. As far as religion influences the model of person’s inclusion in labor, motives of labor behavior, management culture of a certain employee, preferred payment etc., we examined how the main traditional religions (Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Hinduism influence the HR-management system in different countries.

REKONSTRUKSIHUKUM ISLAM DANIMPLIKASI SOSIAL BUDAYA PASCA REFORMASI DI INDONESIA

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Muwahid Shulhan

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Abstrak: Nabi Muhammad tidak sepenuhnya memusnahkan tradisi Arab pra-Islam. Bahkan, Nabi Muhammad banyak menciptakan aturan-aturan yang melegalkan hukum adat masyarakat Arab, sehingga memberi tempat bagi praktik hukum adat di dalam sistem hukum Islam. Signifikansi peran budaya dalam hukum Islam kemudian diteruskan oleh para penerusnya. Dengan demikian, budaya memiliki posisi yang penting dalam sejarah hukum Islam. Ini juga membuktikan bahwa budaya yang berkembang dalam masyarakat tidak harus tunduk dalam ekspresi hukum Islam (corak Arab, melainkan hukum Islam harus melakukan proses mutasi untuk beradaptasi di bawah naungan budaya yang hidup di masyarakat sepanjang budaya tersebut tidak bertentangan dengan ajaran fundamental dan spirit Islam. Dalam konteks Indonesia, paling tidak ada dua gagasan penting, yaitu: “fikih Indonesia” dan “pribumisasi Islam”. Dari kedua gagasan ini, setidaknya ada dua paradigma penting dalam upaya pribumisasi hukum Islam, yaitu: pertama, kontekstual, hukum Islam dipahami sebagai ajaran yang terkait dengan dimensi zaman dan tempat. Kedua, menghargai tradisi lokal. Dengan kedua paradigma ini, maka pribumisasi hukum Islam akan menjadi lebih jelas. Dengan demikian, pasca reformasi haruslah menjadi momen positif untuk merekontruksi budaya lokal, bukan malah menghancurkannya dengan pemaksaan konsep hukum yang tidak sesuai dengan kepribadian bangsa Indonesia. Abstract: The fact explains that the Prophet Muhammad is not completely destroy the tradition of pre-Islamic Arabia. In fact, Prophet Muhammad creating many rules of customary law which  legalizing pre-Islamic custom of  Arab society, thus giving the place for the practice of customary law in the Islamic legal system. The significance of  culture in Islamic law and then passed on by his successors. Thus, culture has an important position in the history of Islamic law. It also proves that the culture that developed in the community should not be subject to the

HEADMASTER POLICY OF SENIOR ISLAMIC SCHOOL TO INCREAS TEACHER PROFESIONALISM AT STATE SENIOR ISLAMIC SCHOOL 2 MODEL MEDAN

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Muhammad Arifin Tanjung

2017-09-01

Full Text Available State Senior Islamic School 2 Model Medan oh of famous Islamic schools in North Sumatera. The issues in this writing are what are the formulation, organization, application, and evaluation of headmaster Policy of Senior Islamic School to Increase Teacher Professionalism at State Senior Islamic School 2 Model Medan. To explain the main issue in this writings, I have to observe and interview the Moslem population. Data has been collected will be explained detailly and analyzed by Islamic education management. Based on research, formulation of headmaster Policy of Senior Islamic School to Increase Teacher Professionalism at State Senior Islamic School 2 Model Medan is bottom up which ideas from teachers, beginning from teachers meeting in one subject, teachers meeting in one program, annual meeting in a month and annual meeting in a year, and finally in teamwork, for example, anual teachers meeting, seminar, workshop, coffee morning, study comparison to university and another school. It will motivate teacher in teaching, activity, and anything. Besides it, headmaster facilitates everything whatever teacher need it, for example, infocus, laptop, and everything. And the organization of headmaster Policy of Senior Islamic School to Increase Teacher Professionalism at State Senior Islamic School 2 Model Medan is cooperation with the school community and he helped by vices and head program and teachers and chairman of the student. The special of school organization is evaluation of teachers activity and relation to abroad. Headmaster states his position as a teacher who teaches students, a leader who leads teachers, a manager who manages, a motivator who motivate, a supervisor who supervise teachers activity, and facilitator for teachers. And finally evaluation of headmaster Policy of Senior Islamic School to Increase the Teacher Professionalism at State Senior Islamic School 2 Model Medan each level, beginning from teachers meeting in one subject

Developing Islamic Finance in the Philippines

OpenAIRE

Mylenko, Nataliya; Iqbal, Zamir

2016-01-01

This report was prepared as part of the World Bank engagement in the Philippines to support Islamic Finance and Financial Inclusion. It provides an overview on the context for the development of Islamic finance in the Philippines and is accompanied by two focused reports providing further detail and suggestions on enhancing financial inclusion in the Philippines through Islamic microfinanc...

Islam Is Essential for General Education

Science.gov (United States)

Meacham, Jack

2015-01-01

The religion of Islam is often portrayed with false and negative stereotypes. If we expect our students to understand and participate in the global world and to be informed and engaged citizens in a democratic America, then it is essential that they develop a basic and sound understanding of Islam. Furthermore, learning about Islam can facilitate…

Islam and Media Representations

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Mohamed Bensalah

2006-04-01

Full Text Available For the author of this article, the media’s treatment of Islam has raised numerous polymorphous questions and debates. Reactivated by the great scares of current events, the issue, though an ancient one, calls many things into question. By way of introduction, the author tries to analyse the complex processes of elaboration and perception of the representations that have prevailed during the past century. In referring to the semantic decoding of the abundant colonial literature and iconography, the author strives to translate the extreme xenophobic tensions and the identity crystallisations associated with the current media orchestration of Islam, both in theWest and the East. He then evokes the excesses of the media that are found at the origin of many amalgams wisely maintained between Islam, Islamism and Islamic terrorism, underscoring their duplicity and their willingness to put themselves, consciously, in service to deceivers and directors of awareness, who are very active at the heart of the politico-media sphere. After levelling a severe accusation against the harmful drifts of the media, especially in times of crisis and war, the author concludes by asserting that these tools of communication, once they are freed of their masks and invective apparatuses, can be re-appropriated by new words and bya true communication between peoples and cultures.

Leadership in Islamic Education Institution

OpenAIRE

Supriadi Supriadi

2014-01-01

Education institution may not be separated by social system. It can be formal and informal education. A formal education institution such as school, Islamic school or Islamic boarding school is in social environment and bringing a basic value and law from its institution. Meanwhile, Islamic education institution is believed as tool to reach the aim of education. The aim of education is hard to reach if there is no leadership in it. Copyright © 2014 by Al-Ta'lim All right reserved

ISLAM: Local and Global Challenges

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Editor Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies

2011-02-01

Full Text Available Indeed, in maintaining their local values when faced with globalchallenges, Muslims, as a social entity, and Islam, as a set of dogma, havegiven birth to new phenomena, e.g. new interpretation of Islam withina new context. Additionally, this era of globalization has led religions,including Islam, to renew their gambit to cope reality, e.g. in the practicallife (sociological, political, economical and anthropological aspects,intellectual endeavors (philosophical and theological aspects, and in therenewal of dogmatic teachings (hermeneutical aspects.

Islamic View of Nature and Values: Could These Be the Answer to Building Bridges between Modern Science and Islamic Science

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Faruqi, Yasmeen Mahnaz

2007-01-01

This paper discusses the basic tenets of Islam and the Islamic view of nature that were influential in the development of science in the so-called "Golden Age of Islam". These findings have been the catalyst for present day Muslim scholars, who have emphasized the importance of Islamic science, as the means of understanding Western…

Scrutinizing The Epistemology of Islamic Economics: A Historical Analysis

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Nurizal Ismail

2016-05-01

Full Text Available The first International Conference on Islamic Economics was held in Makkah, in 1976. Economists, jurists and scholars met together to discuss issues of Muslim ummah. However, there was many books written related to Islamic economics in the history of Islamic civilization, especially in the period of Abbasid caliphate. The fact, development of knowledge in Islamic medieval had established the epistemology of Islamic economics itself. Moreover, the epistemology is a study of the theory of knowledge, the source of knowledge, the application of knowledge and limitation of knowledge. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the contribution of earlier Muslim thinkers to the source of Islamic economics and to identify the epistemology of Islamic economics as proposed by the Muslim thinkers in medieval period. As a result, this paper will propose the epistemology of Islamic economics by integrating Islamic heritage and modern economics that is not conflict with Islamic principles and values. To achieve its objectives; this study employs qualitative research by applying content and descriptive analysis. The finding of this study is that the earlier Muslim thinkers have contributed to the construction of epistemology in Islamic economics. Then, to construct the genuine of Islamic economics, tawhid must be put as a core of Islamic economic epistemology that directs the sources of knowledge which are rooted firstly from revealed and then rational knowledge by using appropriate methods.

Aktifitas Produksi dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Islam

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Akhmad Mujahidin

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Economic activities contain three parts, namely production, distribution, and consumption. This paper deals with the first one in the perspective of Islam. We maintain that at no point in human history was there any economic system that could successfully achieve an absolute happiness and wellbeing for human kind. Islamic system of economics included. Nonetheless, we argue that Islam consists of values and norms that may lead toward that end if they are properly and appropriately understood and applied. We do not find in Islam what we found in the conventional economic system where there are rooms for committing corruption and manipulation. For Islam, economic activities as far as production is concerned must be directed toward achieving the goodness and prosperity of all human kind, and not toward enriching certain individuals and groups among individuals.

AHP 40: Review: Mountains, Monasteries, and Mosques

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Bettina Zeisler

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Ladakh is famous among trekkers for her mountains and among other tourists also for her association with Tibetan Buddhism. Most visitors, however, neglect that half or more of the population follow a different religion, and hardly anybody comes to Ladakh specifically for her mosques. While the title of the volume under review is somewhat misleading – none of the articles deals specifically with monasteries or mosques, and only one, the last, with (sacred mountains – it aptly highlights that Islam has become an essential part of Ladakhi culture, and cannot be ignored. Nevertheless, the volume is again heavily biased towards Buddhism and the middle class Ladakhi. Only two of the fifteen articles deal with Islam, and a further one with a Muslim trader. In contrast, five articles engage with ritualistic aspects within the Buddhist fold, and a sixth with a Buddhist community. The remaining six articles, actually constituting the first part of the volume, deal with trade and other aspects of Buddhist or general history, of which four also involve neighbouring regions: Spiti, Bashar, Kinnaur, and Kangra. ...

MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION, THE FRAME OF LEARNING ISLAMIC STUDIES TOWARDS ISLAMIC RELIGION TEACHERS BILINGUALLY

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Taranindya Zulhi Amalia

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Unity in Diversity as Indonesian motto turns into a saying which unifies the nation. Indonesia proudly presents many islands, races, ethnic groups, cultures, and also traditional languages. This symbolizes multiculturalism that has survived in the motherland. Generally, an Indonesian applies traditional and Indonesian languages in daily life and learns English at school or course. Some have practiced other foreign languages such as Arabic as well since it becomes the language of Al-Qur’an. However, English is usually taught as the compulsory subject in every level of disciplines. English belongs to any states of the world. In learning Islam, human being needs to learn and use English. Most references of Islamic studies are written particularly in Arabic and globally in English. Dealing with this issue, a teacher, in this case an Islamic religion teacher as a figure who educates students, should learn Islamic terms in bilingual versions beside his/her own competence. The teacher is expected to have not only multi-skills but also multicultural education. Having diverse students from multiethnic society probably occurs. Afterward, multicultural education nowadays is being a part of the school curriculum and made a compulsory school subject. It offers the prospect for both the teacher and students to learn inclusion materials that contain fundamental principles, such as democracy, humanism, and pluralism or inclusive religious values. All of those principles could be handed in Islamic Education Material Development Based Multicultural in order to build an inclusive religion at school. The materials are as follows (Salamah, 2011: First, the material of the Koran, in determining the choice of verses. Second, the jurisprudence material, can be extended to study fiqh siyasa (government. Third, the material character of the studies focus on the good-bad behavior against God, Apostle, fellow humans, ourselves, as well as the environment, critical to

Islamic Banks Service Innovation Quality: Conceptual Model

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Tahreem Noor Khan

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Customer perspectives and satisfaction level are considered important for analysing the performance of Islamic bank service quality. Sufficient researches has been done to explore customer perception and satisfaction level with Islamic banking service quality, however there is lack of data to compare and find the similarity in understanding the main determinant attributes needed for Islamic banking service quality. The purpose of this paper is to describe and integrate the results of existing wealth of research on service quality in Islamic banks. After weighing up all the views from existing research, common findings, concerns will be discussed. This research did not find much of information or studies indicating toward innovation in Islamic banking service quality. Thus based on review of the literature this paper suggests main key attributes of service for Islamic banks (RIBA Service IQ. This research strongly asserts that sincere motivation, truthful intention, dynamic and practical service innovation of quality approaches can uplift Islamic financial brandDOI: 10.15408/aiq.v8i2.3161

Islamism and Democratization in Indonesia Post-Reformation Era:

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SYAHRIR KARIM

2014-12-01

Full Text Available In general, this paper will explore features and patterns of Islamism in Indonesia after the downfall of Suharto’s regime in which people called it as reformation era. In Indonesian context, the Islamism at least have four characteristics; (i promoting Islam as a sole basis in transforming society, (ii acknowledging Islam as an ideology, (iii among at the establishment of Islamic state, (iv which is characterised by implementing Shari`ah laws in daily lives. These four attributes may be used in capturing the growth of Muslim’s perception on state and democracy in the era of Islamic revival. The above views spread in the various streams or any schools existed in Indonesia, both Islamic movements and other form that is very influential in the process of democracy in Indonesia.

Os intelectuais e o budismo japonês no Brasil / Intellectuals and Japanese Buddhism in Brazil

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Eduardo Basto de Albuquerque

2011-01-01

Full Text Available ResumoEste ensaio trata da história da descoberta do Budismo japonês por intelectuais brasileiros, como um conjunto de práticas e sabedorias espirituais, realizada através de leituras e encontros com monges budistas japoneses e/ou imigrantes japoneses. Devido a isso, estes intelectuais defendem uma experiência religiosa baseada numa noção universalista de representações do Budismo japonês, que lhes proporcionam reflexão filosófica não-dualista e experiência psicológica única. Tais intelectuais, através de experiências espirituais inovadoras, romperam a tensão criada pela disputa entre secularização via ciência e a hegemonia católica, predominantes no panorama intelectual.AbstractThis study concentrates on the discovery of Japanese Buddhism by Brazilian intellectuals as a group of spiritual practices and as a body of spiritual wisdom. The study has been realized through readings and meetings with Japanese Buddhist monks and/or Japanese immigrants. These intellectuals defend a religious experience based on a universal notion of representations of Japanese Buddhism, which provides them with a non-dualistic philosophical perspective and a unique psychological experience. Through innovative spiritual experiences these intellectuals have broken the tension created within the dispute between secularized science and the Catholic hegemony, both predominant in the intellectual panorama.

THE GROWTH OF ISLAMIC BANKING IN INDONESIA

OpenAIRE

Fika Fitriasari

2012-01-01

This article describes the growth of Islamic banking industry in Indonesia. Islamic banking to perform progressive and strong performance from the banking indicators. Bank Indonesia estimates that the Islamic banking industry will achieve a growth higher than the national banking system in general. In the development of Islamic banking there are still some challenges to be solved especially for a small market share, lack of human resources, and the lack of product developmen...

THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDONESIAN ISLAMIC LAW: A Historical Overview

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Ahmad Yasa

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Islamic Law is a set of promoted regulations adjusting human relationship to the Creator, human being and the environment based on Islamic doctrines. The Islamic Law has been established in Indonesia and effectively implemented in Indonesian Religious Court based on Law Number 7 of 1989. The law covers the areas of marriage, inheritance, will, bequest, benefaction and alms. In addition, especially in Aceh, with its peculiar feature, Islamic Law has been applied normatively, and in several areas it has been applied based on Local Regulations. However to perform the Islamic Law, it depends on faith and piety of the members of Islam. Thereby, although the formal law in juridical manner of Islamic Law in Indonesia was justly applied in limited civil law, however the Muslim society have stepped forward in applying Islamic Law in various Islamic social institutions.

Islamic Boarding School Curriculum in Indonesia: a Case Study in Islamic Boarding School in South Kalimantan

OpenAIRE

Yakin, Husnul

2012-01-01

Islamic boarding school as traditional Islamic education institution is an invaluable part of Indonesian national education system. This education institute has been able to show itself freely according to society needs and epoch demand without loosing its essential identity as tafaqquh fiddin institution. The important factor that sustains this condition can be seen from the curriculum aspect. Therefore, this article is intended to investigate Islamic boarding school curriculum in Indonesia,...

Engaging with Islamic Patterns

Science.gov (United States)

Sugarman, Ian

2012-01-01

Islamic patterns were a regular feature in mathematics classrooms, and probably still feature in many wall displays. However, as part of the learning process, these ancient designs appear to have lost any significant contemporary appeal. Here, the power of software is engaged to bring the construction of Islamic type patterns up to date. Forget…

ISLAM NUSANTARA: Sebuah Argumentasi Beragama dalam Bingkai Kultural

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Hanum Jazimah Puji Astuti

2017-11-01

Full Text Available The emergence of Islam Nusantara is the typical of Indonesia, where Islam Nusantara is declared as a universal religion, manifested in its teachings including religious law (fiqh, trust (faith, and the ethical (the moral. Although Islam Nusantara gives a new ambience in Islam by assimilating a culture into religion, this method is not contagious to the purity of Islamic teachings by taking Quran and Hadith as the guidances and directions in the Indonesian social life. Islam teaches mutual respect and reciprocal tolerance. This religion teaches the adherents to love others, to mercy and nurture regardless of race, nationality, and social structure.

Leadership in Islamic Education Institution

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Supriadi Supriadi

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Education institution may not be separated by social system. It can be formal and informal education. A formal education institution such as school, Islamic school or Islamic boarding school is in social environment and bringing a basic value and law from its institution. Meanwhile, Islamic education institution is believed as tool to reach the aim of education. The aim of education is hard to reach if there is no leadership in it. Copyright © 2014 by Al-Ta'lim All right reserved

Reading Popular Islamic Literature: Continuity And Change In Indonesian Literature

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Mohammad Rokib

2016-01-01

Full Text Available In the last few years, literature on Islamic themes has become increasingly popular in Indonesia. It is commonly categorized as Islamic literature identified by Islamic texts and symbols on the book cover and its content. The literary works have been popular as reflected in the record sales figures. Previously, some literary works dealing with Islamic themes failed to gain public attention. Interestingly, those works are not mentioned by people as Islamic literature. This paper aims to discuss some questions on why are some literary works on Islamic theme mentioned as Islamic while others are not? Is there Islamic literature within Indonesian literature? What are the differences between Islamic literature and kitab literature (sastra kitab written by Muslim scholars in the Malay world? By exploring the social context of reader responses toward selected literary works on Islam, this study reveals that the label of Islamic literature is created to confront opposite themes in Indonesian literature. The term Islamic literature remains a problematic and debatable issue related to literature based on Islamic themes in both old and modern Indonesian literature.

Islam and the West

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Mohd. Kamal Hassan

1997-06-01

Full Text Available The scientific and technological developments during the 18th and' the 19th centuries ensured material progress of the West, as well as emergence of the West as the dominating power which colonized the rest of the world. During the post-colonial phase, Islam emerged as a revitalized sociopolitical force. This has been mistaken as a threat by the West, and Islam has been portrayed as the "new enemy after the demise of communism. This is partly an effort to establish a Western identity, which is disintegrating due to lack of a challenge; and partly a reflection of the failure of Muslims to realize the social and ethical ideals of Islam.

A Brief Illustrated Guide to Understanding Islam. Second Edition.

Science.gov (United States)

Ibrahim, I. A.

This book is a brief guide to understanding Islam, intended to help individuals better understand Islamic culture, Muslims, and the Holy Quran. It consists of the following three chapters: (1) Some Evidence for the Truth of Islam; (2) Some Benefits of Islam; and (3) General Information on Islam. The book is extensively illustrated with photographs…

Macho Buddhism: Gender and Sexualities in the Diamond Way

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Burkhard Scherer

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Western Tibetan Buddhist movements have been described as bourgeois and puritanical in previous scholarship. In contrast, Ole Nydahl’s convert lay Karma Kagyu Buddhist movement, the Diamond Way, has drawn attention for its apparently hedonistic style. Focussing on the interpretation of Nydahl’s approach to gender and sexualities, this paper addresses the wider issues of continuity and change during the transition of Tibetan Buddhism from Asia to the West. Nydahl’s pre-modern gender stereotyping, the hetero-machismo of the Diamond Way and the mildly homophobic tone and content of Nydahl’s teaching are interpreted on the background of Indian and Tibetan Buddhist sexual ethics and traditional Tibetan cultural attitudes on sexualities. By excavating the emic genealogy of Nydahl’s teachings, the paper suggests that Nydahl’s and the Diamond Way’s view on and performance of gender and sexualities are consistent with his propagation of convert Buddhist neo-orthodoxy.

Worldview Islam dan Kapitalisme Barat

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Hamid Fahmy Zarkasyi

2013-05-01

Full Text Available In the era when the idea of similarity, equality and pluralism are disseminated in diversified area, one might face difficulty to distinguish one civilization from the other.Now capitalism is the most dominant system of economic in the world and even developed into a civilization that has a worldveiw. Capitalism also used to be claimed and accepted as universal system that could be applied to the whole world. In response to this state of mind, it is imperative that capitalism be studied and identified from its very basic concept, i.e worldview perspective, and then compared it with Islam. This paper is a preliminary attempt to identify capitalist worldview and prove that it differs fundamentally from the worldview of Islam. The capitalist vision on religion, world, life style, justice, freedom of thought, wealth, economic activities which are influenced by Western worldview is diametrically different from Islamic worldview. Based on this study it must be very clear that Muslim intellectual who intend to borrow certain concept of capitalism for the development of Islamic economic should realize there are fundamental principles of capitalism that are irreconciliable with that of Islamic economic.

Democracy from Islamic law perspective

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Mubarak Abdulkadir

2016-01-01

Full Text Available It is frequently argued that because many Muslim states are monarchies or dictatorships or because of certain events that have taken place within their borders, Islamic law is not compatible with democracy and democracy is even neglected in the provisions of the holy Qur'an. Islamic law, according to what can be traced in its primary sources, not only supports democracy and people's participation in the state affairs but even possesses provisions in the Qur'an verses which encourage counselling and consultation and some scholars deem that to be democratic representation. Islamic Law, according to the provisions of some verses from the holy Qur'an encourages democracy but not liberal democracy like that of the western world. The religious democracy that can go with our modern time and solve many contemporary problems of the Muslim world is the model which was introduced by late Ayatollah Imam Khomeini after the 1979 Islamic revolution in Iran. The author in this research work concludes by showing that the ideal democracy enshrined in the holy Qur'an, as the primary source of Islamic law, is not liberal democracy of the western world, but rather a religious democracy.

RADIKALISME DALAM PERSPEKTIF DUNIA ISLAM DAN IDEOLOGI MASYARAKAT

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Siti Makhmudah

2016-07-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Islam is a religion that upholds peace. Islam never teaches violence to anyone. Islam does not teach radicalism. But, why Islam is almost always be the main of suspect in any violence in the world? Why is Islam always cornered in the case of crimes and violence? Islam is a religion of peace which teaches the attitude of making peace and seeking for peace, while radicalism is a movement that holding conservative and often using violence to teach their faith. Religion should be abandoned by human being is not because of theological reason, but because it has become the source of violence now and every period in the past. Harris said in The End of Faith: Religion: Terror and the Future of Reason are proper contemplated because of the proliferation of various issues of violence, clashes, hostility in the social and political domain ends on the religious issues. Religion is not only potentially igniting the fire of violence, but also the mass media is considered be very important role in this feud.It’s not only that, the search of Muslim identity has never finished and the pressure of socio-political and socio-historical western which represent Islam as a religion of terrorist exacerbate and poor representation of Islam in the eyes of other religions. It is required an understanding that Islam is a religion of peace that brings coolness for religious and other faith. "Religion and faith may be different but only have one God". Based on this foundation expected will not happen "right or wrong is my country", just admitted that my religion is the most correct. This article not only will discuss about radicalism in Islam, the history of Islamic development and radicalism in Indonesia, but also the reaction of Indonesian Muslim community toward radicalism.   Key Words: Islamic Radicalism, Society Ideology

Sketsa Arkeologi Islam di Maluku: Tema dan Implementasi Penelitian

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Wuri Handoko

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Penelitian arkeologi Islam di Maluku, merupakan ranah penelitian yang memiliki beragam lingkup dan cakupan kajiannya, karena memiliki dimensi yang luas, antara lain sosial, ekonomi, politik, selain tentu saja religi dan ideologi. Namun luasnya cakupan dalam perspektif horizontal, belum diimbangi oleh penggarapan penelitian yang mendalam (vertikal, sehingga penelitian arkeologi Islam, masih merupakan kepingan atau serpihanserpihan dalam sebuah mozaik hasil penelitian. Implementasi penelitian yang sudah berjalan, baru terbatas menggarap isu-isu pada tataran permukaan, sehingga berbagai hasil kesimpulan tentang peradaban Islam di Maluku., sementara ini baru menampilkan perwajahan Islam yang general. Interpretasi dan kesimpulan yang selama ini dihasilkan, lebih banyak bersandar oleh dukungan data dari lintas batas disiplin ilmu, yang bagaimanapun merupakan kekuatan dari pendekatan arkeologi sejarah. Dari penelitian arkeologi Islam yang sudah dilakukan, pendekatan lintas displin ilmu yakni sejarah dan etnografi, merupakan yang paling umum dilakukan, sementara pendekatan arkeologi sendiri sifatnya masih sangat deskriptif dan belum digunakannya perangkat keras arkeologi, misalnya memanfaatkan data eksavasi dan dating absolute untuk memastikan kapan masyarakat mengkonversi Islam di Maluku. Dalam kurun beberapa tahun, meskipun masih berupa serpihan, namun tampak upaya penelitian arkelogi Islam untuk menjangkau banyak dimensi dari data arkeologi Islam, misalnya yang berhubungan dengan tema Islamisasi dan perdagangan, ekspansi Islam dalam konteks politik dan kultural serta dinamika relasional Islam dan budaya lokal Maluku, serta perkembangan internal Islam itu sendiri dari awal hadirnya hingga persentuhannya dengan kolonialisme.   Islamic archaeological research in Maluku, is the realm of research that have diverse scope and coverage of studies, because it has large dimensions, including social, economic, political, besides of course, religion and

Pengaruh dari Nilai-Nilai Islam terhadap Kinerja Kerja

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Ima Amaliah

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this research is to study about the influence of Islamic value and Islamic work ethics to the work performance of employee of small enterprises in Bandung City. This research was the deductive quantitative. The samples were 350 employees that determined by proportional way. Using SEM, Estimation sshows that the Islamic value did not direcly influence on work performance. The Islamic value influences on work performance through Islamic work ethics. This mean that in order to improve job performance of small enterprises, the government and the others did not only concern to material aspect but also start to consider the Islamic moral and spiritual value in assistance programs.

Konsep Fiqah Malaysia dalam Perundangan Islam: Satu Pengenalan (The Concept of Malaysian Fiqah in Islamic Law: An Introduction

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Rahimin Affandi Abd. Rahim

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan sifat dinamik konsep fiqah dalam sistem perundangan Islam Malaysia yang menekankan kepentingan hubungan dengan Allah dan sesama makhluk. Teori utama yang digunakan adalah teori epistemologi hukum Islam yang menetapkan bahawa sifat kelestarian sistem hukum Islam hanya boleh dicapai melalui pembentukan kerangka epistemologi (apa, bagaimana dan untuk tujuan apa yang jelas. Bagi mencapai objektif, kajian ini menggunakan kaedah pengumpulan data primer dan data sekunder yang dianalisis kemudiannya bagi membentuk teori konsep fiqah semasa yang lebih bersesuaian dengan realiti Malaysia. Hasil kajian ini mendapati konsep fiqah semasa telah mula difahami oleh masyarakat Malaysia. Namun begitu, kelangkaan masih lagi wujud dalam soal pemantapan konsep fiqah semasa ini dari segi kerangka konsep, rasionaliti, pendekatan dan epistemologi, yang sepatutnya dijalankan oleh pihak Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Awam (IPTA di Malaysia. Untuk itu, kajian ini telah cuba mengemukakan jalan penyelesaian kepada usaha pemantapan ini.This study aims to demonstrate the dynamism of the concept of Islamic fiqah in Malaysian Islamic law that emphasises the importance of the relationship between Allah and human beings. In this regard, this study hopes to show the dynamism of fiqah as a concept in Malaysia's Islamic legal system. The primary theory used here is the epistemology of Islamic law which determines that the sustainability of Islamic law can only be achieved by developing an epistemological framework (what, how and for what purpose in a clear manner. In order to achieve this objective, the study had collected both primary and secondary data. The data was subsequently analysed to formulate a contemporary theory of Islam fiqah that is better suited to Malaysian reality. The findings show that the proposed concept of contemporary Islamic fiqah has begun to be understood by Malaysian society. However, the reinforcement of the contemporary

SISTEM MONETER ISLAM: MENUJU KESEJAHTERAAN HAKIKI

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Aan Nasrullah

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The Studies in this article aims to look at how the efforts of the Islamic monetary system in creating the true welfare. Welfare in the conventional economic system (capitalist and socialist contain of different meanings, when in the conventional economic system, welfare is defined only in terms of materials (material fulfillment, but in the Islamic economic system, welfare contains of broader meaning, the fulfillment of material and immaterial. As Islamic monetary strategy that prohibit sto use of interest, the Islamic monetary instrument does too. The Islamic monetary policy instrument is divided into three mazhab based on the period and the community needs at that time. The first mazhab is the instrument that introduced by mazhab iqtisoduna is Promissory Notes or Bill of Exchange kind of paper to get fresh funds. The second madzhab is the mainstream instruments mazhab that used Dues of Idle Fund is policy instrument that is charged on all assets which are idle. The third mazhab is the alternative monetary system that advocated of Syuratiq Process. It is where a policy that taken by the monetary authorities is based on discussion prior with the real sector. Which is the main characteristic of the Islamic monetary system in its policy instruments are not leaving the ideology of Islamic economics nor throw needs of economic returns for economic players, namely profit sharing. Then it is expected satisfy the human need for material and immaterial, so the true welfare can be achieved

Assisted reproductive technology: Islamic Sunni perspective.

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Chamsi-Pasha, Hassan; Albar, Mohammed Ali

2015-06-01

Islam acknowledges that infertility is a significant hardship. Attempts to cure infertility are not only permissible, but also encouraged in Islam. Over the last three decades, a multitude of advances in assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) have appeared. This review was carried out to inform readers, who are not familiar with Islamic doctrine, about the Sunni perspective on this topic. Systematic review of the literature. A series of searches was conducted of Medline databases published in English between January 1978 and December 2013 with the following assisted reproduction, infertility, gender selection, ethics, bioethics, and Islam. In Islamic Sunni law, all ARTs are allowed, provided that the source of the sperm, ovum, and uterus comes from a legally married couple during the span of their marriage. All forms of surrogacy are forbidden. A third-party donor is not allowed, whether he or she is providing sperm, eggs, embryos, or a uterus. Frozen preimplantation may be transferred to the wife in a successive cycle provided the marital bondage is not absolved by death or divorce. Gender selection for medical reasons is permitted. It is allowed for limited social reasons by some jurists, provided it does not involve discrimination against either sex. ART is acceptable and commendable in Islamic Sunni law provided it is practiced within the husband and wife dyad during the span of their marital contract. No third party should intrude upon the marital function of procreation. Surrogacy is not accepted by Sunni Islamic authorities.

Secular Islam and the Rhetoric of Humanity

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Kharputly, Nadeen Sh B

2017-01-01

“Secular Islam and the Rhetoric of Humanity” examines competing notions of humanity in representations of Islam in the United States from the Civil Rights period to the present. In post-9/11 representations, Islam is rhetorically “humanized” by the dominant culture in attempts to determine Islam’s role in the United States. This humanizing framework not only presumes an inherent lack of humanity in Islam; it establishes the ideal of the human as white, rational, and secular. To critique this ...

The crescent and Islam: healing, nursing and the spiritual dimension. Some considerations towards an understanding of the Islamic perspectives on caring.

Science.gov (United States)

Rassool, G H

2000-12-01

Caring from Islamic perspectives is not well versed in Eurocentric nursing literature. There is widespread misunderstanding of the concept and practice of Islam within the context of health care and nursing practice. The areas of contention, in the context of health care systems, are whether the western paradigm to nursing care and management are applicable to Muslims and non-Muslims in both Islamic and non-Islamic countries. What is lacking in some of the conceptual frameworks and models of care is not only the fundamental spiritual dimension of care, but also the significance of spiritual development of the individual towards healing. The focus of this paper is to provide an awareness of Islamic health practices, health behaviours, code of ethics and the framework of Islamic perspectives of caring and spirituality. A brief overview of the Muslim world, the historical development in caring and health and the pillars of the Islamic faith provide the context of the paper. The development of a model of care based on the Islamic perspective is suggested.

Efikasi Kendiri: Perbandingan Antara Islam dan Barat

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Noornajihan, J.

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Terminologi efikasi kendiri (EK merupakan terminologi yang diperkenalkan dalam ilmu psikologi sekitar tahun 70-an. Namun, istilah ini masih kurang difahami oleh kebanyakan individu terutama mereka yang bukan berlatar belakangkan bidang psikologi. Oleh itu, satu keperluan hasil penulisan ini diketengahkan, memandangkan konsep ini penting dalam diri setiap individu bagi memacu kecemerlangan diri. Justeru, kertas kerja ini akan mengupas serba ringkas mengenai konsep EK dari perspektif Islam dan Barat, dengan melihat kepada beberapa titik persamaan dan perbezaan antara kedua-dua pandangan. Islam dan Barat bersetuju bahawa individu yang memiliki EK yang tinggi merupakan individu yang berfikiran positif, berani mengambil risiko dan tidak mudah berputus. Namun pandangan Islam terhadap konsep ini lebih luas, kerana Islam mengaitkan konsep ini dengan konsep tauhid uluhiyyah dan konsep manusia sebagai ahsan al-taqwim. Oleh demikian, EK dari perspektif Islam lebih bersifat kekal dan umum, di samping individu yang berefikasi tinggi menurut Islam ialah individu yang memiliki sifat sabar, syukur, redha dan redha.

Islamic electronic trading platform on organized exchange

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Ahmet Suayb Gundogdu

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Today Islamic finance industry is under severe criticism, particularly, concerning liquidity management practices of treasury departments. Since cash lending is not possible under Islamic Shari'ah, Islamic banks tend to use securitized asset related schemes which are by no means neither acceptable under Islamic finance jurisprudence nor compliant with Maqasiq Al-Shari'ah. Maqasid Al-Shariah oversees economic activities which produce wealth and prosperity for all members of society to empower any member with certain level of belongings to bestow freedom while condemning inequality. Under this wider aim of Maqasid Al-Shari'ah, this paper presents alternative state-of-art Shari'ah compliant products, which is used in international trade finance, to be migrated to electronic trading platform under organized exchange in pursuit of replacing controversial liquidity management products. Besides, this paper introduces Islamic Commodity Future Contract, derived from asset backed Murabaha, with physical delivery as an alternative liquidity management tool for Islamic FIs and hedging tool for companies.

isk governance: Experience of Islamic banks

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Siti Rohaya Mat Rahim

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Risk governance has evolved tremendously in the banking industry. Risk governance recommends the imperative roles of Chief Risk Officer (CRO to oversee risk. This study explores risk governance influence over the Islamic banks performances. Multivariate analysis techniques measure simultaneously via Structural Equation Modelling (SEM. This study employed cross-sectional sample of 200 Islamic banks across 21 countries for the year 2014. To examine risk governance and Islamic banks performance, the study captures seventeen variables developed from risk management and corporate governance (ROA, ROE, Profit Margin, CRO, Shariah committee member, CEO, board size, remuneration meeting, credit rating, external audit, accounting standard, loan loss provision, capital adequacy ratio, total deposit ratio, GDP, central bank lending rate and inflation. The simulation result reveals, risk governance act as mediating variables towards Islamic banks performance. This study has practical and significance contribution for Islamic banks to understand risk governance, aligning with the fundamental risk management and corporate governance

KORELASI ANTARA BIMBINGAN KONSELING ISLAM DAN DAKWAH

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Marzuki Agung Prasetya

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Dakwah merupakan kegiatan untuk menyeru, memanggil dan mengajak orang lain menuju jalan yang diridhai Allah. Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam merupakan cabang dalam rumpun ilmu-ilmu sosial yang mulai dikembangkan sebagai disiplin ilmu yang mandiri. Keberadaan aktifitas bimbingan dan konseling Islam tersebut didasarkan pada kenyataan bahwa dalam menghadapi dan menyelesaikan masalah, ada individu yang mampu menyelesaikan sendiri, namun ada juga yang membutuhkan bantuan pihak lain. Dalam prakteknya bimbingan konseling akan mengacu pada beberapa pendekatan, diantaranya: pendekatan behavioristik, psikodinamika, eklektik, psikoanalisa dan eksistensial humanistik. Pendekatan tersebut dipilih berdasarkan kondisi klien, masalah yang dihadapi, kemampuan konselor selaku pihak yang memberikan bimbingan maupun kondisi dan situasi pada saat bimbingan konseling berlangsung. Menurut Hamdan Bakran ad-Dzaky, bimbingan konseling Islam merupakan suatu aktifitas memberikan bimbingan, pelajaran,dan pedoman kepada individu yang meminta bimbingan (klien dalam hal bagaimana seharusnya dirinya dapat mengembangkan akal dan pikirannya, jiwanya, keimanannya dan keyakinannya, serta dapat menanggulangi problematika hidup dengan baik dan benar sacara mandiri, yang berparadigma kepada Al-Quran dan as-Sunnah Rasulullah saw. Proses pelaksanaan bimbingan konseling Islam mengacu pada prinsip- prinsip etika berdakwah dalam Islam, yakni bi al-hikmah, al-mauidhah hasanah, dan al-mujadalah bi al-lati hiya ahsan. Tulisan ini melihat relasi antara bimbingan konseling Islam dan dakwah, sehingga dapat diketahui bagaimana hubungan yang terjalin antara keduanya. Kata Kunci: Dakwah, Bimbingan, Konseling Islam. THE CORRELATION BETWEEN ISLAMIC COUNSELING GUIDANCE AND DAWA. Dawa is an activity to call and invite others towards the path of Allah. Islamic Guidance and Counselling is a branch of social sciences which began to be developed as an independent discipline. The existence of the Islamic

Conference on Islamic Accounting and Finance

OpenAIRE

AYAYDIN, Hasan

2016-01-01

Abstract. Hasan Kalyoncu Univeristy organized first of its conference series as “Conference on Islamic Accounting and Finance” themed on October 27-28, 2016 in Gaziantep, Turkey. Conference on Islamic Accounting and Finance aims to establish an academic forum for scholars, researchers and practitioners to exchange their ideas about aspects of Islamic accounting, auditing, business ethics and financial reporting. Submitted papers as well as presentations and discussions at the conference were ...

SISTEM KEYAKINAN DAN AJARAN ISLAM ABOGE

OpenAIRE

Falinda, Falinda

2015-01-01

This article discusses and analyzes the belief systems of Aboge Islamic community. In Java, Islam has a unique variant. It is correlated with how Islam spreads and process its acculturation with existed Javanese culture. To examine the belief systems and practices of this ritual, the data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. This article suggests that religious teachings and beliefs of the Aboge Javanese Muslim Community are taught for generations. A...

Sistem Keyakinan Dan Ajaran Islam Aboge

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Falinda, Falinda

2012-01-01

This article discusses and analyzes the belief systems of AbogeIslamic community. In Java, Islam has a unique variant. It is correlatedwith how Islam spreads and process its acculturation with existed Javaneseculture. To examine the belief systems and practices of this ritual, thedata collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Thisarticle suggests that religious teachings and beliefs of the Aboge JavaneseMuslim Community are taught for generations. Aboge adherents say thatt...

isk governance: Experience of Islamic banks

OpenAIRE

Siti Rohaya Mat Rahim; Fauziah Mahat

2015-01-01

Risk governance has evolved tremendously in the banking industry. Risk governance recommends the imperative roles of Chief Risk Officer (CRO) to oversee risk. This study explores risk governance influence over the Islamic banks performances. Multivariate analysis techniques measure simultaneously via Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). This study employed cross-sectional sample of 200 Islamic banks across 21 countries for the year 2014. To examine risk governance and Islamic banks performanc...

Islamic Education Research Problem

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Abdul Muthalib

2012-04-01

Full Text Available This paper will discuss Islamic educational studies that is reviewing how to find, limit and define problems and problem-solving concepts. The central question of this paper is to describe how to solve the problem in Islamic educational research. A researcher or educator who has the knowledge, expertise, or special interest on education for example is usually having a sensitivity to issues relating to educational research. In the research dimension of religious education, there are three types of problems, namely: Problems foundation, structural problems and operational issues. In doing research in Islamic education someone should understand research problem, limiting and formulating the problem, how to solve the problem, other problem relating to the point of research, and research approach.

ISLAM DAN KEBUDAYAAN MELAYU DI ERA GLOBALISASI DI MALAYSIA

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Baharuddin bin H. Puteh Mohamad Nazli bin H. Omar

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Sejarah telah menunjukkan bahwa dunia Melayu-Islam merupakan pusat peradaban, pusat perkembangan budaya dan pusat perdagangan yang penting. Kebudayaan Melayu-Islam sejak ratusan tahun telah memperlihatkan kemampuannya untuk berkembang pesat merangkumi bahasa, kesusasteraan, kesenian, pemikiran, dan norma hidup. memang tidak dapat dinafikan bahwa fenomena globalisasi memberikan pengaruh kepada kehidupan umat Melayu-Islam. Namun, pengaruhnya lebih cenderung kepada negatif berbanding positif. Cuma ia bergantung kepada umat Islam untuk mendepaninya dengan berpegang kepada ajaran Islam yang sebenar dengan berpaksikan kepada al-Qur'an dan al-Hadits. Pegangan yang kukuh dan utuh terhadap dua sumber perundangan ini mampu menyelamatkan umat manusia khususnya umat Islam daripada terjerumus ke dalam kemungkaran yang tjidak dituntut dalam syariat Islam

Interrelasi Fundamentalisme dan Orientasi Ideologi Gerakan Islam Kontemporer

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Ahmad Nur Fuad

2014-01-01

Full Text Available This article deals with the interrelation between Islamic fundamentalism and other ideological orientations of contemporary Islamist movements, such as Islamism, revivalism, radicalism, salafism, and political Islam. It tries to explore the similarities in their characteristics as well as their differences in the focuses and strategies of the movements. This articles argues that these Islamist movements express their ideological aspirations in different ways: some try to build an Islamic state or even a universal Islamic caliphate (political Islam, while others emphasize much more on the implementation of shari’ah in the level of individuals and society, apart from state (salafis. However, they did not succeed yet in transforming the political landscape of the Muslim world in accordance with their ideological framework.

Are Foreign Conventional Banks Capable of Adopting Islamic Banking: A Study to Investigate the Issues and Challenges Faced Foreign Islamic Banks in Malaysia.

OpenAIRE

Muhamed Saeed Baashar, Yahya Abd Elwahab

2010-01-01

Malaysia has witnessed a remarkable growth of Islamic banking industry in the last four decades. It has established its first full-fledged Islamic bank, Bank Islam Malaysia, in 1983. Accordingly, Malaysia is one of the first Islamic countries that place a profound focus on the industry of Islamic banking. The world‟s Islamic banking experiment begun in modern era Egypt - in Mit Ghamr – through the establishment of the Savings Bank first in the 1960s by Dr. Ahmed Al-Najjar. Consequently, the I...

Demonisasi Islam dalam Film ‘Tanda Tanya (?’

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Rajab Ritonga

2013-09-01

ABSTRAK   Film ‘Tanda Tanya (?’ merupakan sebuah karya cinema Indonesia yang mengundang banyak kontroversi. Kontroversi terletak pada bagaimana film ini mengkonstruksikan pesan-pesannya terkait penggambaran citra Islam. Citra Islam yang digambarkan dalam film ini mengandung simbol-simbol yang menciptakan sebuah demonisasi pada kon- struksi Islam dan muslim. Dalam penelitian ini teori naratif digunakan sebagai alat un- tuk memberikan gambaran tentang fenomena demonisasi. Teori naratif yang digunakan berfokus pada model analisis aktansial greimas yang menitikberatkan bagaimana naratif menciptakan sebuah cerita dan bagaimana cerita menjadi sebuah wacana naratif. Analisis semiotik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berdasarkan penggunaan dalam paradigma konstruktivis yang bertujuan mengkonstruksi fenomena sebagai sebuah jawaban. Temuan penelitian ini ialah demonisasi umat Islam dikonstruksikan melalui sekuen/babakan nara- tif dalam film ‘Tanda Tanya’. Film ini menggambarkan Islam dalam sebuah citra masyara- kat yang tradisional, tidak beradab, teroris, merusak, dan agresif. Ini menciptakan suatu pemaknaan Islam sebagai masyarakat, agama, dan nilai yang demonik dan negatif.   Kata kunci: demonisasi, Islam, naratif

Kritik Makna Islam Perspektif Orientalis dan Liberal

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Syamsi Wal Qamar

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Islam is a name religion with clear explanation based on the arguments that are normative and historically, the Qur’an, Hadith and history of preaching Prophet Muhammad when spread this religion. Of course this naming is permanent so it will not be changed until the end of time later. But for Wilfreid Cantwell Smith and Muhammad Shahrur which are the thinkers of the West and the Muslim Orientalist Liberals are trying to recontruction naming them. For Smith, Islam is only submission to God to be obedient and submissive to the shari’ah religion are shared by humans, as judging that the word Islam is derived from the word aslama means surrender or submission. Meanwhile, according Shahrur, Islam is taught by the shari’ah of the Prophet Muhammad who was also taught by the previous Prophets such as Abraham, Moses, Jesus and others. So according Shahrur Muslim person can be said without having to follow and believe in the Shari’ah as taught by the Prophet Muhammad. From this a second thought leaders cause various problems, such as Islamic religious truth is relative or inclusive or decontructed concept and the Shari’ah of Islam. So in this paper the authors will describe how Smith and Shahrur view of the meaning of Islam, the background of their thinking and their implications for the Islamic religion, and a refutation of their thinking.

The levels of the reason in Islam: An answer to the critique of the Islamic reason of Arkoun

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Halilović Seid

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Mohammed Arkoun, who was the professor of Islamic Studies at the New Sorbonne University for many years, can be considered one of the most influential reformist thinkers of the contemporary Islamic world. In the light of his most fundamental views about the critique of the Islamic reason, he brought about many changes in the methodology of understanding of intellectual and cultural inheritance of Islam in most expert circles in the West and throughout the Islamic world. He writes in detail about this and says that the epistemological foundations and traditional analytical tools of Islam lack any kind of value today. From his epistemological standpoint, modern man, he says, sees them to be irrational. He emphasizes that traditional Muslim theologians and jurisprudents have erroneously been teaching that the Islamic reason is an absolute reason and that it is not connected to any historical contexts. In the same vein, he attempts to prove that the reason (that the Qur'an mentions is simply a practical and empirical reason. In this article, by using the philosophical analytical method, we will examine the content of some of the most important works of Arkoun. In those, he has explained in detail his critique of the Islamic reason. While answering his criticism, we will explain that the Qur'an and the totality of the Islamic scientific inheritance gives cosmological value to the different levels of the reason and that it does not in any manner reduce truth and knowledge at the level of instrumental and empirical reason. We will talk about 11 types of reasons that have been mentioned in Islam. These are the following: conceptual reason, theoretical reason, practical reason, metaphysical reason, common sense, universal reason, particular reason, empirical reason, instrumental reason, intuitive reason and sacred reason. In contrast to Arkoun, who considers Western thought to be the standard by means of which one must reconstruct the Islamic reason, we

Islamic Mathematical Astronomy

Science.gov (United States)

Montelle, Clemency

A short survey on Islamic mathematical astronomy practiced during the period running from the eight century until the fifteenth is presented. Various pertinent themes, such as the translation of foreign scientific works and their impact on the tradition; the introduction, assimilation, and critique of the Ptolemaic model; and the role of observations, will be covered. In addition, the zīj, the dominant format for astronomical works, will be briefly explained as well as the legacy of the Islamic tradition of astral sciences to other cultures.

Islamic Principles and Physical Education.

Science.gov (United States)

Lindsay, Karen; And Others

1987-01-01

Based on interviews with five Islamic respondents, this paper investigates stricter Islamic parents' difficulties with certain assumptions and practices of Australian education, particularly health and physical education. Concerns about modesty and separation of sexes conflict with central aims based on equal educational opportunities and equality…

ISLAMIC MARKETER ETHICS AND ITS IMPACT ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN THE ISLAMIC BANKING INSTITUTION: A CASE STUDY OF BANK MUAMALAT INDONESIA

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Nuralam I.P.

2017-09-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study is to know the influence of Islamic marketer ethics to customers’ satisfaction of Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI. These ethics principally concern on Qur’an and Hadith which are the basic foundation of Islamic values in Islam. Through this study we also can use another perspective of giving customer satisfaction in Islamic way and find out that there is a causal relation between Islamic marketer ethics and customer satisfaction. The research method used is survey method with sampling method using purposive sampling. Data analysis using multiple linear regression. From the results, it is found that Islamic marketer ethics as independent variables simultaneously effect on customer satisfaction, while partially some of variables refuse the hypothesis.

Perkembangan Islam Di Indonesia Pasca Kemerdekaan

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Posha, Beti Yanuri

2015-01-01

Islam is a religion that put the principles of truth and justice for all its adherents. Factors that encourage Muslims to achieve independence are factors Ideology, political, economic, social and cultural. In Indonesia, Islam has an important role in education. Islamic education in Indonesia is given in three sectors, namely formal, informal and non-formal. After Indonesian independence, the issue of religious education received serious attention from the government, both in public and priva...

Islamic Contracts of Finance in Malaysia

OpenAIRE

Richards, Matt

2003-01-01

This paper explores the legal issues that arise in several of the principal instruments currently used in Islamic financing in Malaysia. Through the document review, it is submitted that these financial instruments consist of English-Malaysian commercial law, albeit set within an Islamic periphery. A consideration of how Islamic law could affect the litigation of these instruments is also undertaken and it is further submitted that given the current statutory and judicial framework...

Cultured Meat in Islamic Perspective.

Science.gov (United States)

Hamdan, Mohammad Naqib; Post, Mark J; Ramli, Mohd Anuar; Mustafa, Amin Rukaini

2017-04-29

Cultured meat is a promising product that is derived through biotechnology that partially circumvents animal physiology, thereby being potentially more sustainable, environmentally friendly and animal friendly than traditional livestock meat. Such a novel technology that can impact many consumers evokes ethical, philosophical and religious discussions. For the Islamic community, the crucial question is whether cultured meat is halal, meaning compliant with Islamic laws. Since the culturing of meat is a new discovery, invention and innovation by scientists that has never been discussed by classical jurists (fuqaha'), an ijtihad by contemporary jurists must look for and provide answers for every technology introduced, whether it comply the requirements of Islamic law or not. So, this article will discuss an Islamic perspective on cultured meat based on the original scripture in the Qur'an and interpretations by authoritative Islamic jurists. The halal status of cultured meat can be resolve through identifying the source cell and culture medium used in culturing the meat. The halal cultured meat can be obtained if the stem cell is extracted from a (Halal) slaughtered animal, and no blood or serum is used in the process. The impact of this innovation will give positive results in the environmental and sustain the livestock industry.