Sample records for investigaciones electricas installations
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Milan Foressi, Julio [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1991-12-31
After synthesizing the most important aspects of the combustion technology in fluidized bed, the experimental combustor developed at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) is described, as well as the test results of the experiences carried out with coal from Rio Escondido, Coahuila. [Espanol] Tras sintetizar los aspectos mas importantes de la tecnologia de combustion en lecho fluidizado, se describe el combustor experimental desarrollado en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), asi como los resultados de las experiencias realizadas con carbon proveniente de Rio Escondido, Coahuila.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Milan Foressi, Julio [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1992-12-31
After synthesizing the most important aspects of the combustion technology in fluidized bed, the experimental combustor developed at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) is described, as well as the test results of the experiences carried out with coal from Rio Escondido, Coahuila. [Espanol] Tras sintetizar los aspectos mas importantes de la tecnologia de combustion en lecho fluidizado, se describe el combustor experimental desarrollado en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), asi como los resultados de las experiencias realizadas con carbon proveniente de Rio Escondido, Coahuila.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ruiz Neblina, Joaquin [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)
1999-07-01
The globalization of markets has generated more options of purchase of all type of goods and services, these options have generated opportunities and threats for all the companies and have looked for the satisfaction of the client as a strategy to remain or incursion into the global market. The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) is not the exception and therefore it looks for the identification of the qualitative aspects and to systematize its application in the projects that executes by means of the implantation of a system of quality assurance based on the series of ISO 9000 Standards. Some examples are described to identify the qualitative aspects of the projects that are developed in the Institute. [Spanish] La globalizacion de los mercados ha generado mas opciones de compra de todo tipo de bienes y servicios, dichas opciones han generado oportunidades y amenazas para todas las empresas y se ha buscado satisfacer al cliente como estrategia para permanecer o incursionar en el mercado global. El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) no es la excepcion y por lo tanto busca identificar los aspectos cualitativos y sistematizar su aplicacion en los proyectos que realiza mediante la implantacion de un sistema de aseguramiento de la calidad basado en la serie de normas ISO 9000. Se describen algunos ejemplos para identificar los aspectos cualitativos de los proyectos que se desarrollan en el instituto.
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Work Report 1994-1995 Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (Electrical Research Institute)
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas.
1995-01-01
The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (Electrical Research Institute) collaborates with the Comision Federal de Electricidad (Electricity Federal Commission) and with the public and private entities of the electric sector in the solution of scientific and technological problems. The activity of the Institute follows the lineaments of the Secretaria de Energia (Energy Secretariat) and is inside the frame of the programs of national modernization. This two-year report presents in seven sections the activities of the Institute; the sections are: 1. Importance of the IIE in the economic context of the Governmental sector. 2. Orientations of sectorial structural policy and main operation results. 3. Structural change, 1994-1995. 4. Research and Development, advances and results. 5. Budget and financial situation. 6. Statistical Annex. 7. Glossary
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Arvizu Fernandez, Jose Luis [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1996-12-31
The waste water treatment plant of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) is analyzed. This plant originally was a plant of the activated sludge type (aerobic development), process that consumes large amounts of energy and that produces residual sludge 5 or 6 times greater than the anaerobic processes. The methodology and the techniques utilized were base in the analysis of the existing plant introducing an anaerobic treatment and performing laboratory experimentation. The plant design parameters considered are described. The results show the benefits of treating by anaerobic means the waste waters since depuration are obtained on the order of 75%, as well as the reduction of resulting residual sludge and in energy consumption. A reduction of 60% to 70% can be attained if a combination of anaerobic and aerobic processes is utilized [Espanol] Se analiza la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). Esta planta era originalmente una planta de lodos activados (desarrollo aerobio), proceso que consume mucha energia y genera lodos residuales de 5 a 6 veces mas que los procesos anaerobios. La metodologia y las tecnicas utilizadas se basaron en el analisis de la planta de tratamiento existente en el IIE; en la caracterizacion residual del IIE; en la modificacion de la planta de tratamiento introduciendo un tratamiento anaerobio y efectuando experimentacion en laboratorio. Se describen los parametros de diseno de la planta considerados. Los resultados muestran los beneficios de tratar por medios anaerobios las aguas residuales ya que se obtienen depuraciones del orden del 75%, asi como la reduccion de lodos residuales resultantes y el consumo de energia, pueden reducirse de un 60% a un 70% si se utiliza la combinacion de los procesos anaerobios y aerobios
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Arvizu Fernandez, Jose Luis [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1997-12-31
The waste water treatment plant of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) is analyzed. This plant originally was a plant of the activated sludge type (aerobic development), process that consumes large amounts of energy and that produces residual sludge 5 or 6 times greater than the anaerobic processes. The methodology and the techniques utilized were base in the analysis of the existing plant introducing an anaerobic treatment and performing laboratory experimentation. The plant design parameters considered are described. The results show the benefits of treating by anaerobic means the waste waters since depuration are obtained on the order of 75%, as well as the reduction of resulting residual sludge and in energy consumption. A reduction of 60% to 70% can be attained if a combination of anaerobic and aerobic processes is utilized [Espanol] Se analiza la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). Esta planta era originalmente una planta de lodos activados (desarrollo aerobio), proceso que consume mucha energia y genera lodos residuales de 5 a 6 veces mas que los procesos anaerobios. La metodologia y las tecnicas utilizadas se basaron en el analisis de la planta de tratamiento existente en el IIE; en la caracterizacion residual del IIE; en la modificacion de la planta de tratamiento introduciendo un tratamiento anaerobio y efectuando experimentacion en laboratorio. Se describen los parametros de diseno de la planta considerados. Los resultados muestran los beneficios de tratar por medios anaerobios las aguas residuales ya que se obtienen depuraciones del orden del 75%, asi como la reduccion de lodos residuales resultantes y el consumo de energia, pueden reducirse de un 60% a un 70% si se utiliza la combinacion de los procesos anaerobios y aerobios
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rosales, Mario; De la Torre, Octavio [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1990-12-31
In this article are described the computational characteristics of the Package CALIIE 2D of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), for the calculation of bi-dimensional electromagnetic fields. The computational implementation of the package is based in the electromagnetic and numerical statements formerly published in this series. [Espanol] En este articulo se describen las caracteristicas computacionales del paquete CALIIE 2D del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), para calcular campos electromagneticos bidimensionales. La implantacion computacional del paquete se basa en los planteamientos electromagneticos y numericos antes publicados en esta serie.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rosales, Mario; De la Torre, Octavio [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1989-12-31
In this article are described the computational characteristics of the Package CALIIE 2D of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), for the calculation of bi-dimensional electromagnetic fields. The computational implementation of the package is based in the electromagnetic and numerical statements formerly published in this series. [Espanol] En este articulo se describen las caracteristicas computacionales del paquete CALIIE 2D del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), para calcular campos electromagneticos bidimensionales. La implantacion computacional del paquete se basa en los planteamientos electromagneticos y numericos antes publicados en esta serie.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Lagunas M, Javier; Ortega S, Cesar [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico); Caratozzolo M, Patricia [Instituto Tecnologico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, campus Cd. de Mexico (Mexico)
2005-07-01
The development and integration of hybrid systems of electrical generation (SHGE) of small capacity: The intention of these developments is its implementation in isolated or far away communities from conventional electric networks, that contribute in the own productive processes of these towns. As part of these work a system of control for their hybrid system wind-photovoltaic- internal combustion machine was developed that operates nowadays in a system installed in Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico. However, in the two past years, the GENC has worked, altogether with the Management of Control and Instrumentation of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) and the Centro Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo Tecnologico (CENIDET) (National Center of Research and Technological Development), to incorporate an intelligent control technique in the regulation of the hybrid systems of wind-photovoltaic-machine of internal combustion type. Lemos de Pereira rises that the main problems of the present technology of the SHGE are related to the control and supervision of the power systems. The system that is in charge of the actions of load control and dispatch is denominated supervisory control. This controller supervises the operation of all the components, regulates the entry or exiting of operation of the generation systems, as well as the loads. [Spanish] El desarrollo e integracion de sistemas hibridos de generacion electrica (SHGE) de pequena capacidad. El proposito de estos desarrollos es su implementacion en comunidades aisladas o alejadas de la red electrica convencional, las cuales contribuyan en los procesos productivos propios de estos poblados. Como parte de dichos trabajos se desarrollo un sistema de control para su sistema hibrido eolico-fotovoltaico-maquina de combustion interna que opera actualmente en un sistema instalado en Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico. Ahora bien, en los dos ultimos anos, la GENC ha trabajado, en conjunto con la Gerencia de Control e
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rosales, Mario F [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1988-12-31
In this article are presented the general characteristics of the electromagnetic phenomena that can be described by means of the software CALIIE-2D of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) derived from a modeling based in the magnetic and electric potentials, always using the MKS rationalized units system. Closed regions are considered with axial or moving symmetry to incorporate the bi-dimensional behavior of the electromagnetic fields. The possibility of means with movement is also included. [Espanol] En este articulo se presentan las caracteristicas generales de los fenomenos electromagneticos que pueden describirse mediante el programa de computo CALIIE-2D, del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), que provienen de una modelacion basada en los potenciales magnetico y electrico, en esta se utiliza sistema MKS racionalizado de unidades. Se consideran regiones cerradas con simetria axial o traslacional para incorporar el comportamiento bidimensional de los campos electromagneticos, se incluye tambien la posibilidad de medios con movimiento.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rosales, Mario F. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1987-12-31
In this article are presented the general characteristics of the electromagnetic phenomena that can be described by means of the software CALIIE-2D of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) derived from a modeling based in the magnetic and electric potentials, always using the MKS rationalized units system. Closed regions are considered with axial or moving symmetry to incorporate the bi-dimensional behavior of the electromagnetic fields. The possibility of means with movement is also included. [Espanol] En este articulo se presentan las caracteristicas generales de los fenomenos electromagneticos que pueden describirse mediante el programa de computo CALIIE-2D, del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), que provienen de una modelacion basada en los potenciales magnetico y electrico, en esta se utiliza sistema MKS racionalizado de unidades. Se consideran regiones cerradas con simetria axial o traslacional para incorporar el comportamiento bidimensional de los campos electromagneticos, se incluye tambien la posibilidad de medios con movimiento.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Garduno Ramirez, Raul; Rodriguez Martinez, Arnulfo Antelmo; Sanchez Parra, Marino; Martinez Morales, Miguel Angel; Hernandez Cuellar, Maria Aurora; Alcaide Godinez, Indira Xochiquetzal; Re Lopez, Victor Genaro; Hernandez Gonzalez, Roberto [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2012-07-01
Control systems constitute the brain and the nervous system of modern machines, such as wind turbine generators (TGE by its acronym in Spanish). TGEs can work efficiently, safely and almost autonomously, thanks to the control systems with which they are equipped. Conversely, any malfunctioning of the control system may cause failure or damage of a component, a subsystem or even destruction of the TGE itself. This paper introduces some basic facts about generation of electric power from wind energy in the world and Mexico, wind turbogenerators and their most relevant technologies, TGE control systems, and R and TD+I about TGE control systems performed at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas. [Spanish] Los sistemas de control constituyen el cerebro y el sistema nervioso de las maquinas modernas, como aerogeneradores (AG). Los AG pueden trabajar eficiente, segura y casi autonomamente, gracias a los sistemas de control con los que estan equipados. De manera inversa, cualquier mal funcionamiento del sistema de control puede provocar falla o dano de un componente, subsistema o incluso la destruccion del propio AG. Este documento introduce algunos hechos basicos en torno a la generacion de energia electrica a partir de energia eolica en el mundo y Mexico, los aerogeneradores y sus tecnologias mas importantes, sistemas de control de AG e I+DT alrededor de los sistemas de control de AG realizados en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rincon Nader, Jorge A [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1993-12-31
The project Introduction Criteria and Concepts on Energy Saving in the Technical Standards for electric installations, is described, whose immediate objective is to recommend and in some cases regulate the use of energy saving equipment and devices and the adoption of attitudes and procedures that convey into saving, and the rational and efficient use of the electric energy. [Espanol] Se describe el proyecto Introduccion de Criterios y Conceptos de Ahorro de Energia en las Normas Tecnicas para instalaciones electricas, que tiene como objetivo inmediato recomendar, y en algunos casos reglamentar el uso de equipos y dispositivos ahorradores y la adopcion de actitudes y procedimientos que conduzcan a un ahorro y uso racional y eficiente de la energia electrica.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rincon Nader, Jorge A. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1992-12-31
The project Introduction Criteria and Concepts on Energy Saving in the Technical Standards for electric installations, is described, whose immediate objective is to recommend and in some cases regulate the use of energy saving equipment and devices and the adoption of attitudes and procedures that convey into saving, and the rational and efficient use of the electric energy. [Espanol] Se describe el proyecto Introduccion de Criterios y Conceptos de Ahorro de Energia en las Normas Tecnicas para instalaciones electricas, que tiene como objetivo inmediato recomendar, y en algunos casos reglamentar el uso de equipos y dispositivos ahorradores y la adopcion de actitudes y procedimientos que conduzcan a un ahorro y uso racional y eficiente de la energia electrica.
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Renewable energy systems in Mexico: Installation of a hybrid system
Pate, Ronald C.
1993-05-01
Sandia has been providing technical leadership on behalf of DOE and CORECT on a working level cooperative program with Mexico on renewable energy (PROCER). As part of this effort, the Sandia Design Assistance Center (DAC) and the solar energy program staff at Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) in Cuernavaca, Mexico, recently reached agreement on a framework for mutually beneficial technical collaboration on the monitoring and field evaluation of renewable energy systems in Mexico, particularly village-scale hybrid systems. This trip was made for the purpose of planning the details for the joint installation of a data acquisition system (DAS) on a recently completed PV/Wind/Diesel hybrid system in the village of Xcalac on the Southeast coast of the state of Quintana Roo, Mexico. The DAS installation will be made during the week of March 15, 1993. While in Mexico, discussions were also held with personnel from.the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) Solar Energy Laboratory and several private sector companies with regard to renewable energy project activities and technical and educational support needs in Mexico.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Mena H, Ulises; Lopez L, Alberto; Guerrero F, Vicente A. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2004-07-01
On the 21 of January of 2003, at 20:06:36 hrs (Mexico center time) an earthquake occurred at the Pacific coast with a magnitude of 7.6 degrees in the Richter scale, whose epicenter was located near the state of Colima and it was felt in a large extent of the Mexican Republic. The earthquake caused numerous material damages in the structures (houses, churches, offices, etc) and vital lines, mainly in the infrastructure of the electrical sector of the region, leaving without electrical energy a large part of the nearby populations and some colonies of distant zones such as in Mexico City. The cause of the interruption of the electrical energy was due to the collapse of some of the equipment of 400 and 230 KV of the electrical transmission substations, among which are Manzanillo II and Colima II. With the experience acquired in the earthquake of October 9, 1995 in Manzanillo, in which also the facilities and equipment of the electrical substations were affected considerably, and as a part of the infrastructure project on the analysis of seismic risk of vital lines that is being developed at this moment at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), it was decided to inspect the electrical substations of the zone, where the greater damages in the facilities and equipment were reported, to analyze and to determine the main causes of their failure. [Spanish] El 21 de enero de 2003, a las 20:06:36 hrs (hora del centro de Mexico) ocurrio un sismo en la costa del Pacifico con una magnitud de 7.6 grados en escala Richter, cuyo epicentro se localizo cerca del estado de Colima y se percibio en gran parte de la republica mexicana. El sismo causo cuantiosos danos materiales en las estructuras (viviendas, iglesias, oficinas, etc) y lineas vitales, principalmente en la infraestructura del sector electrico de la region, dejando sin energia electrica a gran parte de las poblaciones cercanas y algunas colonias de zonas lejanas como es la ciudad de Mexico. La causa del corte de
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Vidrio L, Gilberto; Gomez L, Martin J; Castan L, Roberto [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2004-07-01
The electric utility companies worldwide suffer, in greater or lesser degree, electrical energy losses. A great percentage of these losses is mostly due to illegal appropriations of energy. The consumers, by means of illicit practices such as clandestine connections and alteration of the operation of electricity meters, carry out the energy robbery. In order to try to alleviate the problematic of electric energy losses, in their majority by illicit, the electric utility companies have implemented one or more actions. Among the most important are: Visual inspection of the metering facilities. Its purpose is to verify the condition of the traditional protections of the metering installations, such as the seals and safety rings. Detection Equipment: These are recorders of energy consumption and of faults in conductors and are used to detect illicit connections and deviations in the consumption patterns and to the electrical energy connection or to the secondary distribution network. Statistical analysis of consumption: Many electric facility companies have adapted their processing consumption reading systems to detect deviations in the of consumption patterns of their clients. This could correspond to abnormal situations. Since this country is not extraneous to the problematic of energy losses, in the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas it was developed a System of Measurement and Detection of Losses of Electrical Energy (SIM-IV) as a result of the knowledge of the problematic obtained from the projects in the metering area and of the interaction through work meetings with personnel of the Comision Federal de Electricidad and of Luz y Fuerza del Centro (LyFC), in which concepts of advanced technology were applied for the measurement of electrical variables. The SIM-IV is a system oriented to the metering of consumption and the detection of robberies of electrical energy caused by clandestine connections and non-allowed interventions to the energy meters. Since
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Vidrio L, Gilberto; Gomez L, Martin J; Castan L, Roberto [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2004-07-01
The electric utility companies worldwide suffer, in greater or lesser degree, electrical energy losses. A great percentage of these losses is mostly due to illegal appropriations of energy. The consumers, by means of illicit practices such as clandestine connections and alteration of the operation of electricity meters, carry out the energy robbery. In order to try to alleviate the problematic of electric energy losses, in their majority by illicit, the electric utility companies have implemented one or more actions. Among the most important are: Visual inspection of the metering facilities. Its purpose is to verify the condition of the traditional protections of the metering installations, such as the seals and safety rings. Detection Equipment: These are recorders of energy consumption and of faults in conductors and are used to detect illicit connections and deviations in the consumption patterns and to the electrical energy connection or to the secondary distribution network. Statistical analysis of consumption: Many electric facility companies have adapted their processing consumption reading systems to detect deviations in the of consumption patterns of their clients. This could correspond to abnormal situations. Since this country is not extraneous to the problematic of energy losses, in the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas it was developed a System of Measurement and Detection of Losses of Electrical Energy (SIM-IV) as a result of the knowledge of the problematic obtained from the projects in the metering area and of the interaction through work meetings with personnel of the Comision Federal de Electricidad and of Luz y Fuerza del Centro (LyFC), in which concepts of advanced technology were applied for the measurement of electrical variables. The SIM-IV is a system oriented to the metering of consumption and the detection of robberies of electrical energy caused by clandestine connections and non-allowed interventions to the energy meters. Since
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Lopez Tagle, Alfredo; Equihua Tapia, Hugo [Comision Federal de Electricidad (Mexico); Linan Garcia, Roberto; Pascacio de los Santos, Alberth; Nunez Dominguez, Arturo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)
2000-07-01
Power transformers are held to thermal, electrical and mechanical efforts, which degrade the isolation system oil/paper. So that to detect incipient degradations in transformers with more than 25 years of service installed in the transmission network of Commission Federal de Electricidad (CFE). The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), developed and installed six on-line Monitoring Systems for Power Transformers (SMLTP). The systems are installed at the substations Puebla II, banks AT-1 and AT-2, Malpaso II, bank, AT-1 and phase B of bank AT-1 of the electrical substation Villa de Garcia. [Spanish] Los transformadores de potencia estan sujetos a esfuerzos termicos, electricos y mecanicos, los cuales degradan el sistema de aislamiento aceite/papel. De modo que con el proposito de detectar degradaciones incipientes en transformadores con mas de 25 anos de servicio instalado en la red de transmision de la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE). El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), desarrollo e instalo seis Sistemas de Monitoreo en Linea para Transformadores de Potencia (SMLTP). Los sistemas se encuentran en las subestaciones Puebla II, bancos AT-1 y AT-2, Malpaso II, banco, AT-1 y fase B del banco AT-1 de la subestacion electrica Villa de Garcia.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Campero Littlewood, Eduardo; Castaneda D, Miguel; Castulo A, Roberto; Bratu Serban, Neagu [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1996-12-31
In this paper are presented the results obtained in the measurement of magnetic losses in metallic conduits in electric installations. The losses for parasitic currents and by hysteresis were obtained in different conditions of magnetic density, caused by the net current resulting from the sum of all the currents of all the conductors that travel along the conduit. These currents are named differential currents, and the conditions in which they appear in the electric installations are described. The magnetic induction phenomenon that occurs in metallic conduit is briefly described and the basic concepts that describe it. A theoretical-experimental methodology is offered to quantify the energy losses by parasitic currents and by the metal magnetization in these metallic conduits. At the same time, the impact of these differential currents impact in the reactance of the electric installation is quantified. The obtained results for twelve conduits of different diameters and different wall thickness are shown. A comparison analysis is made with the reported results in a previous article, where the losses were estimated by means of the temperature rise measurement of the metallic wall. [Espanol] En este articulo se presentan los resultados obtenidos en la medicion de perdidas magneticas en tuberias conduit (metalicas) en instalaciones electricas. Las perdidas por corrientes parasitas y por histeresis se obtuvieron para diferentes condiciones de densidad magnetica, provocada por la corriente neta resultante de la suma de las corrientes de todos los conductores que viajan por la tuberia. A estas corrientes se les designa corrientes diferenciales y se describen las condiciones en las que estas aparecen en las instalaciones electricas. Se explica brevemente el fenomeno de induccion magnetica que se presenta en las tuberias metalicas y los conceptos basicos que la describen. Se plantea una metodologia teorico-experiemental para cuantificar las perdidas de energia, por
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Campero Littlewood, Eduardo; Castaneda D, Miguel; Castulo A, Roberto; Bratu Serban, Neagu [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1997-12-31
In this paper are presented the results obtained in the measurement of magnetic losses in metallic conduits in electric installations. The losses for parasitic currents and by hysteresis were obtained in different conditions of magnetic density, caused by the net current resulting from the sum of all the currents of all the conductors that travel along the conduit. These currents are named differential currents, and the conditions in which they appear in the electric installations are described. The magnetic induction phenomenon that occurs in metallic conduit is briefly described and the basic concepts that describe it. A theoretical-experimental methodology is offered to quantify the energy losses by parasitic currents and by the metal magnetization in these metallic conduits. At the same time, the impact of these differential currents impact in the reactance of the electric installation is quantified. The obtained results for twelve conduits of different diameters and different wall thickness are shown. A comparison analysis is made with the reported results in a previous article, where the losses were estimated by means of the temperature rise measurement of the metallic wall. [Espanol] En este articulo se presentan los resultados obtenidos en la medicion de perdidas magneticas en tuberias conduit (metalicas) en instalaciones electricas. Las perdidas por corrientes parasitas y por histeresis se obtuvieron para diferentes condiciones de densidad magnetica, provocada por la corriente neta resultante de la suma de las corrientes de todos los conductores que viajan por la tuberia. A estas corrientes se les designa corrientes diferenciales y se describen las condiciones en las que estas aparecen en las instalaciones electricas. Se explica brevemente el fenomeno de induccion magnetica que se presenta en las tuberias metalicas y los conceptos basicos que la describen. Se plantea una metodologia teorico-experiemental para cuantificar las perdidas de energia, por
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Quintanilla Martinez, Juan [eds.] [Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1997-12-31
This document is the third one of three volumes of the 1. Seminar on the Current Conditions and Perspectives of the Electric Sector in Mexico, organized by the Programa Universitario de Energia and the Instituto de Investigaciones Economicas (University Program of Energy and the Institute of Economic Research), both of them agencies of the Universidad Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM). The titles of the three volumes are the following: Volume 1.- The opening of the Mexican Electric Sector to foreign investment. Volume 2.- Concrete innovation and technological learning experiences at the Luz y Fuerza del Centro enterprise. Volume 3.- The Electric Energy and the Environment in Mexico. This third volume covers the following subjects: Hydroelectricity, land use and water managing; the electric generation in Mexico and its environmental impact, the nuclear electricity and the handling of radioactive materials; the exposure to electromagnetic fields and its association with children`s leukemia; the energy in Mexico and the sustainable development; potential of electricity generation in large scale with wind power in Mexico; towards a scheme of distributed electric power generation with non-conventional energies and renewable energy sources in Mexico in the 21Century. These documents were elaborated by specialists of the electric sector, from the sector itself as well as from private and public academic entities [Espanol] Este documento constituye el tercero de tres volumenes del Primer Seminario sobre Situacion y Perspectivas del Sector Electrico en Mexico, organizado por el Programa Universitario de Energia y el Instituto de Investigaciones Economicas, ambas dependencias de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM). Los titulos de los tres volumenes son los siguientes: volumen 1: La apertura externa del sector electrico mexicano, volumen 2: Experiencias concretas de innovacion y aprendizaje tecnologico en la empresa Luz y Fuerza del Centro, volumen 3: Energia electrica
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Garcia-Gutierrez, A; Barragan-Reyes, R.M; Arellano-Gomez, V [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)]. E-mail: aggarcia@iie.org.mx
2008-01-15
The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas and the Comision Federal de Electricidad have done research and development (R&D) on heat pumps (HP) in past years. Tested systems include mechanical compression, absorption and heat-transformers. The main R&D aspects on HP are briefly described, and also a more detailed description about three of the main studies is presented: (a) a mechanical compression HP of the water-water type operated with low-pressure geothermal steam at the Los Azufres; Mich., geothermal field, and designed for purification of brine; (b) an absorption HP for cooling and refrigeration operating with ammonia-water and low-enthalpy geothermal energy, which was tested in the Los Azufres and Cerro Prieto, BC, geothermal fields; and (c) a heat-transformer by absorption-Absorption Heat Pump Type II-tested to assess the performance of several ternary solutions as work fluids. Plans exist to install and test a geothermal heat pump at Cerro Prieto or Mexicali, BC. [Spanish] El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas y la Comision Federal de Electricidad han realizado trabajo de investigacion y desarrollo (I&D) sobre bombas de calor (BC) en el pasado. Los sistemas probados incluyen compresion mecanica, absorcion y transformadores termicos. Este trabajo describe brevemente los principales aspectos de I&D sobre bombas de calor en forma general, y se da una descripcion mas detallada de tres de los principales estudios: (a) una BC por compresion mecanica tipo agua-agua disenada para purificacion de salmueras operando con vapor geotermico de baja presion en el campo geotermico de Los Azufres, Mich.; (b) una BC por absorcion para enfriamiento y refrigeracion operando con amoniaco-agua y energia geotermica de baja entalpia, la cual fue probada en los campos geotermicos de Los Azufres y Cerro Prieto, BC; y (c) un transformador termico por absorcion -llamado Bomba de Calor por Absorcion Tipo II--, el cual fue probado para evaluar el comportamiento de diversas
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rosales, Mauricio F [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1988-12-31
This article is based in the electromagnetic modeling presented in the first part. Here are only considered the magnetic systems or electric systems in closed regions with moving or axial symmetry, whose total current density or total electric load density is known. The algorithms that have been implanted in the software CLIIE-2D of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) are developed in order to obtain numerical solutions for these problems. The basic systems of algebraic equations are obtained by means of the application of the Galerkin method in the discreteness of the finite element with first order triangular elements. [Espanol] Este articulo se basa en la modelacion electromagnetica presentada en la primera parte. Aqui solo se consideran sistemas magneticos o sistemas electricos en regiones cerradas con simetria translacional o axial, cuya densidad de corriente total o densidad de carga electrica total es conocida. Se desarrollan los algoritmos que se han implantado en el programa de computo CLIIE-2D, del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) con el fin de obtener soluciones numericas para estos problemas. Los sistemas basicos de ecuaciones algebraicas se obtienen mediante la aplicacion del metodo de Galerkin en la discretizacion de elemento finito con elementos triangulares de primer orden.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rosales, Mauricio F. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1987-12-31
This article is based in the electromagnetic modeling presented in the first part. Here are only considered the magnetic systems or electric systems in closed regions with moving or axial symmetry, whose total current density or total electric load density is known. The algorithms that have been implanted in the software CLIIE-2D of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) are developed in order to obtain numerical solutions for these problems. The basic systems of algebraic equations are obtained by means of the application of the Galerkin method in the discreteness of the finite element with first order triangular elements. [Espanol] Este articulo se basa en la modelacion electromagnetica presentada en la primera parte. Aqui solo se consideran sistemas magneticos o sistemas electricos en regiones cerradas con simetria translacional o axial, cuya densidad de corriente total o densidad de carga electrica total es conocida. Se desarrollan los algoritmos que se han implantado en el programa de computo CLIIE-2D, del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) con el fin de obtener soluciones numericas para estos problemas. Los sistemas basicos de ecuaciones algebraicas se obtienen mediante la aplicacion del metodo de Galerkin en la discretizacion de elemento finito con elementos triangulares de primer orden.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Garcia Gutierrez, Alfonso; Barragan Reyes, Rosa Maria; Arellano Gomez, Victor Manuel [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2008-07-01
The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) and the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) carried out in the past an extensive work of research and development (R&D) on heat pumps (HP). The systems tried on include heat pumps by mechanical compression, thermal absorption and thermal transformers. This paper briefly describes the main aspects of R&D on heat pumps and presents a more detailed description of three of the main studies: a) a Heat Pump (HP) by mechanical compression water-water type, designed for brine purification, operating with low pressure geothermal steam at the geothermal field Los Azufres, Michoacan, Mexico; b) a HP by absorption for cooling and refrigeration, operating with ammoniac/water and low enthalpy geothermal energy, which was tested in the geothermal fields of Los Azufres, Michoacan and Cerro Prieto, Baja California, and c) a thermal transformer by absorption, named Heat Pump by Absorption Type 2, which was tested to evaluate the behavior of diverse ternary solutions as working fluids. To date, there are plans to install and test a geothermal heat pump (connected to the subsoil), in Cerro Prieto, Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico. [Spanish] El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) y la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) realizaron un trabajo extenso de investigacion y desarrollo (I&D) sobre bombas de calor (BC) en el pasado. Los sistemas que se probaron incluyen bombas de calor por compresion mecanica, absorcion y transformadores termicos. Este trabajo describe brevemente los principales aspectos de I&D sobre bombas de calor y se da una descripcion mas detallada de tres de los principales estudios: a) una Bomba de Calor (BC) por compresion mecanica tipo agua-agua, disenada para purificacion de salmueras, operando con vapor geotermico de baja presion en el campo geotermico de Los Azufres, Michoacan; b) una BC por absorcion para enfriamiento y refrigeracion, operando con amoniaco/agua y energia geotermica de baja entalpia
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Garcia-Colon, V.R; Rasgado, J.P [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico); Lara C, H; Melendez, C; Juarez, N [Subdireccion de Transmision, Comision Federal de Electricidad (Mexico)
2013-03-15
This paper presents the details of design, installation and putting into service in the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), of the first multi-vendor scheme that exists in the world, for the protection of a 400kV transmission line, which uses optical current transformers and digital relays IEC 61850-9-2. This system arises as a pilot project of the Subdireccion de Transmision of the CFE with the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). To ensure success in the implementation of the protection scheme, CFE joined a team coordinated by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE)involving nine international companies and a university. Pilot protection scheme is in operation under continuous monitoring, in one of the transmission lines of CFE that interconnect Manuel Moreno Torres with El Juile substations. The construction features, the challenges that were overcome and the first results obtained in operation are presented below. [Spanish] Este articulo presenta los detalles del diseno, instalacion y puesta en servicio en la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) del primer esquema multivendedor que existe en el mundo, para la proteccion de una linea de transmision de 400kV, que utiliza transformadores de corriente opticos y relevadores digitales IEC 61850-9-2. Este sistema surge como un proyecto piloto de la Subdireccion de Transmision de la CFE con el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). Para asegurar el exito en la implementacion del esquema de proteccion, la CFE integro un equipo de trabajo coordinado por el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) en el que participaron 9 empresas internacionales y una universidad. El esquema de proteccion piloto, se encuentra en operacion bajo monitoreo continuo, en una de las lineas de transmision de la CFE que interconecta las subestaciones de Manuel Moreno Torres y El Juile. Las caracteristicas de construccion, los retos que fueron vencidos y los primeros resultados obtenidos en su operacion se
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Photovoltaic rural electrification and the electric power utility. Workshop. [Selected Papers
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Huacuz, J. M.; Villasenor, F.; Urrutia, M. [eds.] [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1995-12-31
This document contains the national and international programs about photovoltaic systems for rural electrification and the electric power utility experiences about PV programs. The IERE Workshop was hold from May 8 to 12, 1995 in Cocoyoc, Mexico. It was organized by the Electrical Research Institute of Mexico (Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE)) and the U.S. Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). The Workshop was attended by 38 delegates from 13 countries [Espanol] Este documento contiene los programas nacionales e internacionales sobre electrificacion fotovoltaica rural y las experiencias en programas fotovoltaicos de empresas electricas. El taller de trabajo IERE fue realizado los dias del 8 al 12 de mayo de 1995 en Cocoyoc, Mexico. Fue organizado por el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) y el U.S. Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) (Instituto de Investigaciones de Energia Electrica de Estados Unidos). A este taller de trabajo asistieron 38 delegados de 13 paises
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Photovoltaic rural electrification and the electric power utility. Workshop. [Selected Papers
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Huacuz, J M; Villasenor, F; Urrutia, M [eds.; Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1996-12-31
This document contains the national and international programs about photovoltaic systems for rural electrification and the electric power utility experiences about PV programs. The IERE Workshop was hold from May 8 to 12, 1995 in Cocoyoc, Mexico. It was organized by the Electrical Research Institute of Mexico (Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE)) and the U.S. Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). The Workshop was attended by 38 delegates from 13 countries [Espanol] Este documento contiene los programas nacionales e internacionales sobre electrificacion fotovoltaica rural y las experiencias en programas fotovoltaicos de empresas electricas. El taller de trabajo IERE fue realizado los dias del 8 al 12 de mayo de 1995 en Cocoyoc, Mexico. Fue organizado por el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) y el U.S. Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) (Instituto de Investigaciones de Energia Electrica de Estados Unidos). A este taller de trabajo asistieron 38 delegados de 13 paises
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Gutierrez Ramirez, Ranulfo; Fernandez Montiel, Manuel Francisco [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)
1999-07-01
Some recent experiences of the Management of Thermal Processes of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) related to the works on generating power stations of electricity, plants of cogeneration and energy saving are presented. [Spanish] Se presentan algunas experiencias recientes de la Gerencia de Procesos Termicos del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) relacionadas con los trabajos sobre centrales generadoras de electricidad, plantas de cogeneracion y ahorro de energia.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas in Mexico, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the ETDE Energy database. [Espanol] El Boletin IIE es producido en Mexico por el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas. Este se publica 6 veces al ano. Se han preparado citas y resumenes para articulos individuales dentro del alcance de la base de datos Energy del ETDE.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas in Mexico, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the ETDE Energy database. [Espanol] El Boletin IIE es producido en Mexico por el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas. Este se publica 6 veces al ano. Se han preparado citas y resumenes para articulos individuales dentro del alcance de la base de datos Energy del ETDE.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Fiscal Escalante, Raul [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2007-07-01
An analysis methodology followed in the development of technique-economic feasibility studies of systems of electrical generation in offshore electrical installations is presented, including the obtaining of the curves of the turbine and generator performance, the technical considerations for the formulation of the operation scenes and the calculations of the economic evaluation of a real scenario. [Spanish] Se muestra una metodologia de analisis seguida en el desarrollo de estudios de factibilidad tecnica-economica de sistemas de generacion electrica en instalaciones electricas costa fuera, incluyendo la obtencion de las curvas de comportamiento de la turbina y el generador, las consideraciones tecnicas para la formulacion de los escenarios de operacion y los calculos de la evaluacion economica de un escenario real.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Cano Castillo, Ulises [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)
1999-07-01
In the search of alternative technologies for the generation of electrical energy, the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) has put special attention in a technology that promises to be key in the next years: The fuel cells, it is for this reason that in this article a review of this type of cells is presented, as well as its basic characteristics and benefits as a result of its use for the generation of electrical energy. [Spanish] En la busqueda de tecnologias alternativas de generacion de energia electrica, el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) ha puesto atencion especial en una tecnologia que promete ser clave en los proximos anos: Las celdas de combustible, es por ello que en este articulo se presenta una resena de este tipo de celdas, asi como sus caracteristicas principales y beneficios como resultado de su utilizacion para la generacion de energia electrica.
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The rebranding of Electrica Soluziona SA - a case study
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Monica GOMOESCU
2016-07-01
Full Text Available This article intends to present the design and implementation stages of a rebranding campaign that took place in the Electrica Soluziona SA company. The rebranding targets a company that provides consultancy services and software solutions and that underwent a change of its main shareholders structure, as it was taken over by Indra Group. After being taken over by Indra, Electrica Soluziona has considerably enlarged its product portfolio and the market segments targeted. Thus, it was mandatory to define a complex rebranding campaign. The rebranding process was not determined only by the broadening of activity, but also by the change of visual identity elements, along with the desire of repositioning.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Mendieta Jimenez, Francisco Javier; Santos Dominguez, Martin; Gutierrez Martinez, Celso [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1988-12-31
This paper offers a brief revision of the techniques employed in the voltage and current measurement in power plants and mention is made also of its main limitations. Likewise the optical methods of transduction of the mentioned electrical variables indicating their advantages and difficulties for its implementation. Finally the activities developed at the Instituto de Investigaciones Elctricas (IIE) in this field are described. [Espanol] En este trabajo se ofrece una breve revision de las tecnicas utilizadas en la medicion de voltaje y corriente en plantas electricas y se mencionan sus principales limitaciones. Asimismo, se presentan los metodos opticos de transduccion de las variables electricas mencionadas, indicando sus ventajas y las dificultades para su realizacion. Finalmente, se describen las actividades que se desarrollan en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) en este campo.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Gutierrez, Gustavo; Vega, Miguel [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1997-12-31
This paper presents the first applications developed by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) on the infrastructure of the SICLE (Sistema de Informacion y Control Local de la Estacion) (Station Information and Local Control System), that Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) is now acquiring in order to automate its transmission substations. A computer infrastructure was obtained similar to the existing in the substation for the development of program testing at the IIE; the personnel of the same was trained; the applications in conjunction with the CFE specialists were defined; the agreed developments were made and installed at the Temascal II Substation. [Espanol] En el presente articulo se presentan las primeras aplicaciones desarrolladas por el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) sobre la infraestructura del SICLE (Sistema de Informacion y Control Local de Estacion) que esta adquiriendo la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) a fin de automatizar sus subestaciones de transmision. Se obtuvo una infraestructura de computo similar a la existente en la subestacion para el desarrollo de prueba de programas en el IIE; se capacito al personal en la misma; se definieron las aplicaciones conjuntamente con los especialistas de la CFE; se hicieron los desarrollos acordados y se instalaron en la subestacion Temascal II.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Gutierrez, Gustavo; Vega, Miguel [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1998-12-31
This paper presents the first applications developed by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) on the infrastructure of the SICLE (Sistema de Informacion y Control Local de la Estacion) (Station Information and Local Control System), that Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) is now acquiring in order to automate its transmission substations. A computer infrastructure was obtained similar to the existing in the substation for the development of program testing at the IIE; the personnel of the same was trained; the applications in conjunction with the CFE specialists were defined; the agreed developments were made and installed at the Temascal II Substation. [Espanol] En el presente articulo se presentan las primeras aplicaciones desarrolladas por el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) sobre la infraestructura del SICLE (Sistema de Informacion y Control Local de Estacion) que esta adquiriendo la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) a fin de automatizar sus subestaciones de transmision. Se obtuvo una infraestructura de computo similar a la existente en la subestacion para el desarrollo de prueba de programas en el IIE; se capacito al personal en la misma; se definieron las aplicaciones conjuntamente con los especialistas de la CFE; se hicieron los desarrollos acordados y se instalaron en la subestacion Temascal II.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rosales, Mario F [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1988-12-31
This article is based in the electromagnetic modeling presented in the first part of the series for the indirect solution of partial differential equations. Magnetic systems in closed regions with moving or axial symmetry, whose total current density is partially known (induction problems) are considered. Includes the ability to deal with means in movement and a sinusoidal behavior for the source density current is assumed. Some algorithms are developed that are implanted in the software CALIIE-2D of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) to obtain the numerical solutions of these problems. The basic systems of algebraic equations are obtained through the application of the Galerkin method in the discreteness of the finite element with first order triangular elements. [Espanol] Este articulo se basa en la modelacion electromagnetica presentada en la primera parte de la serie y en el planteamiento proporcionado en la segunda parte para la solucion indirecta de ecuaciones diferenciales parciales. Se consideran sistemas magneticos en regiones cerradas con simetria traslacional o axial, cuya densidad de corriente total es parcialmente conocida (problemas de induccion). Incluye la capacidad para tratar medios con movimiento y se supone un comportamiento senoidal para la densidad de corriente fuente. Se desarrollan los algoritmos que se implantan en el programa de computo CALIIE-2D del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) para obtener las soluciones numericas de estos problemas. Los sistemas basicos de ecuaciones algebraicas se obtienen mediante la aplicacion del metodo de Galerkin en la discretizacion de elemento finito con elementos triangulares de primer orden.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Covarrubias Ramos, Rogelio; Garcia Juarez, Francisco [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1999-12-31
The use of energy is intimately related to the development and is found in the human activities of all types, consequently we could say that to a greater usage it must correspond a greater benefit. This paper carries on a comparative analysis of the Mexico`s energy efficiency versus industrialized countries; this analysis shows that while Mexico indicates a growing tendency, in the industrialized countries the tendency is to the drop, unmistakable sign of a better usage of the energy sources. It also makes evident that promoting the energy efficiency in Mexico will stimulate and regulate the energy conservation at National level, in the same way it is mentioned that an appropriate energy demand Management for the users as well as for the service providers, will diminish the peak demand, the adequate application of the electric rates at the actual conditions and the energy saving and the strategic load growth [Espanol] El uso de la energia esta intimamente relacionado con el desarrollo y se encuentra en las actividades humanas de todo tipo, de tal suerte que podriamos decir que a mayor uso debe corresponder un mayor beneficio. En este documento se realiza un analisis comparativo de la eficiencia energetica en Mexico contra paises industrializados; este analisis muestra que mientras Mexico indica una tendencia creciente, en los paises industrializados la tendencia es a la baja, signo inequivoco de un mejor uso de los energeticos, tambien hace ver que la promocion de la eficiencia energetica en Mexico estimulara y regulara el ahorro de energia a nivel nacional, de igual manera se menciona que una buena administracion de la demanda energetica tanto por los usuarios como los que prestan el servicio, reducira la demanda pico, la adecuacion de las tarifas electricas a las condiciones reales y el ahorro de los energeticos y el crecimiento estrategico de la carga
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Covarrubias Ramos, Rogelio; Garcia Juarez, Francisco [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1998-12-31
The use of energy is intimately related to the development and is found in the human activities of all types, consequently we could say that to a greater usage it must correspond a greater benefit. This paper carries on a comparative analysis of the Mexico`s energy efficiency versus industrialized countries; this analysis shows that while Mexico indicates a growing tendency, in the industrialized countries the tendency is to the drop, unmistakable sign of a better usage of the energy sources. It also makes evident that promoting the energy efficiency in Mexico will stimulate and regulate the energy conservation at National level, in the same way it is mentioned that an appropriate energy demand Management for the users as well as for the service providers, will diminish the peak demand, the adequate application of the electric rates at the actual conditions and the energy saving and the strategic load growth [Espanol] El uso de la energia esta intimamente relacionado con el desarrollo y se encuentra en las actividades humanas de todo tipo, de tal suerte que podriamos decir que a mayor uso debe corresponder un mayor beneficio. En este documento se realiza un analisis comparativo de la eficiencia energetica en Mexico contra paises industrializados; este analisis muestra que mientras Mexico indica una tendencia creciente, en los paises industrializados la tendencia es a la baja, signo inequivoco de un mejor uso de los energeticos, tambien hace ver que la promocion de la eficiencia energetica en Mexico estimulara y regulara el ahorro de energia a nivel nacional, de igual manera se menciona que una buena administracion de la demanda energetica tanto por los usuarios como los que prestan el servicio, reducira la demanda pico, la adecuacion de las tarifas electricas a las condiciones reales y el ahorro de los energeticos y el crecimiento estrategico de la carga
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Electrorheologic fluids; Fluidos electroreologicos
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rejon G, Leonardo; Lopez G, Francisco; Montoya T, Gerardo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico); Manero B, Octavio [Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, UNAM.(Mexico)
2003-07-01
The present article has as an objective to offer a review of the research work made in the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) on the study of the electrorheologic fluids whose flow properties can abruptly change in the presence of an electric field when this is induced by a direct current. The electrorheologic fluids have their main application in the manufacture of self-controlling damping systems. [Spanish] El presente articulo tiene por objetivo ofrecer una resena de los trabajos de investigacion realizados en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) sobre el estudio de los fluidos electroreologicos cuyas propiedades de flujo pueden cambiar abruptamente en presencia de un campo electrico cuando este es inducido por una corriente directa. Los fluidos electroreologicos tienen su principal aplicacion en la fabricacion de sistemas de amortiguamiento autocontrolables.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ramirez Rivero, Alex G [Genertek, S. A. de C. V., Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1994-12-31
The enormous electric energy consumption in buildings represents an important area of saving opportunities. The design of installations without advanced technical illumination criteria, the absence of standardization over energy efficiency, the lack of observation of the existing standards and guides, the continuous load growth in existing installations and the lack of appropriate maintenance, are some of the causes of the inefficient use of electric energy in buildings. Although the problems, and consequently the solutions, are exclusive for each unit, some of the former are frequently repeated. In this paper the problems found along more than 40 audits conducted in large buildings of different types in Mexico city are commented. [Espanol] El enorme consumo de energia electrica en edificios representa una importante area de oportunidad para ahorro. El diseno de instalaciones sin criterios luminotecnicos avanzados, la ausencia de normalizacion sobre eficiencia energetica, la falta de observancia de las normas y recomendaciones vigentes, el continuo crecimiento de carga en instalaciones existentes y la falta de mantenimiento adecuado son algunas de las causas del uso ineficiente de la energia electrica en inmuebles. Aunque los problemas y por tanto las soluciones son particulares para cada unidad, algunos de los primeros se repiten frecuentemente. En este trabajo se comentan los problemas encontrados a lo largo de mas de 40 auditorias realizadas a inmuebles grandes de diversos tipos en la ciudad de Mexico.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ramirez Rivero, Alex G. [Genertek, S. A. de C. V., Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1993-12-31
The enormous electric energy consumption in buildings represents an important area of saving opportunities. The design of installations without advanced technical illumination criteria, the absence of standardization over energy efficiency, the lack of observation of the existing standards and guides, the continuous load growth in existing installations and the lack of appropriate maintenance, are some of the causes of the inefficient use of electric energy in buildings. Although the problems, and consequently the solutions, are exclusive for each unit, some of the former are frequently repeated. In this paper the problems found along more than 40 audits conducted in large buildings of different types in Mexico city are commented. [Espanol] El enorme consumo de energia electrica en edificios representa una importante area de oportunidad para ahorro. El diseno de instalaciones sin criterios luminotecnicos avanzados, la ausencia de normalizacion sobre eficiencia energetica, la falta de observancia de las normas y recomendaciones vigentes, el continuo crecimiento de carga en instalaciones existentes y la falta de mantenimiento adecuado son algunas de las causas del uso ineficiente de la energia electrica en inmuebles. Aunque los problemas y por tanto las soluciones son particulares para cada unidad, algunos de los primeros se repiten frecuentemente. En este trabajo se comentan los problemas encontrados a lo largo de mas de 40 auditorias realizadas a inmuebles grandes de diversos tipos en la ciudad de Mexico.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Gonzalez Castro, Salvador [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)
1999-07-01
In this article some associate technological tendencies with areas of interest of the Control Systems Division of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) are presented. Here the relations or influence that these tendencies have and will continue having in the future with the definition and implantation of energy markets are mentioned. [Spanish] En este articulo se presentan algunas tendencias tecnologicas asociadas con areas de interes de la Division de Sistemas de Control del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). Aqui se mencionan las relaciones o influencia que dichas tendencias tienen y continuaran teniendo en el futuro con la definicion e implantacion de mercados de energia.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Campillo Ruiz, Maria Teresa; Ponce Velez, Marco Antonio [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1996-12-31
This paper is a summary of the main causes that originate the contamination problems in insulating materials. This as the result of different studies performed in experimental testing stations, as well as in transmission, distribution and laboratory power lines by the Departamento de Materiales of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). [Espanol] En el presente trabajo se muestra un resumen de los principales factores que originan los problemas de contaminacion en aislamientos. Esto, como resultado de diversos estudios realizados tanto en estaciones de prueba experimentales como en lineas de transmision, distribucion y laboratorio por el Departamento de Materiales del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE).
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Campillo Ruiz, Maria Teresa; Ponce Velez, Marco Antonio [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1997-12-31
This paper is a summary of the main causes that originate the contamination problems in insulating materials. This as the result of different studies performed in experimental testing stations, as well as in transmission, distribution and laboratory power lines by the Departamento de Materiales of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). [Espanol] En el presente trabajo se muestra un resumen de los principales factores que originan los problemas de contaminacion en aislamientos. Esto, como resultado de diversos estudios realizados tanto en estaciones de prueba experimentales como en lineas de transmision, distribucion y laboratorio por el Departamento de Materiales del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE).
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Gonzalez Milla, Guillermo; Garcia Juarez, Francisco; Alarcon Aleman, Jose Mauricio [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1999-12-31
The technological developments of energy economizing equipment constitute a powerful tool for the conservation and saving of the electric energy in new or existing installations. Petroleos Mexicanos (PEMEX) Exploration and Production initiated in 1997 a program for energy economizing in the South region, for which the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, through its Unit for the Use of Energy, collaborated performing energy assessments in 115 buildings of the above mentioned region. This paper describes the employed methodology to carry on the energy assessment, which consisted in an analysis of each building and different options for energy economizing were presented, which was accompanied with cost-benefit studies. The results obtained show that the air conditioning equipment and lighting represent the most important loads permanently connected, therefore the study was concentrated in these two loads [Espanol] Los desarrollos tecnologicos de equipos ahorradores de energia constituyen una poderosa herramienta para la conservacion y el ahorro de energia electrica en instalaciones nuevas o existentes. Petroleos Mexicanos (PEMEX) Exploracion y Produccion inicio en 1997 un programa para el ahorro de energia en la region sur, para lo cual el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, a traves de la Unidad de Uso de Energia, colaboro realizando diagnosticos energeticos en 115 edificios de dicha region. En este documento se describe la metodologia utilizada para realizar el diagnostico energetico, el cual consistio en un analisis de cada edificio y se presentaron diversas opciones para ahorrar energia, lo cual se acompano de estudios de costo-beneficio. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que los equipos de aire acondicionado e iluminacion representan la parte mas importante de las cargas conectadas permanentemente, por lo que el estudio se concentro en estas dos cargas
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Gonzalez Milla, Guillermo; Garcia Juarez, Francisco; Alarcon Aleman, Jose Mauricio [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1998-12-31
The technological developments of energy economizing equipment constitute a powerful tool for the conservation and saving of the electric energy in new or existing installations. Petroleos Mexicanos (PEMEX) Exploration and Production initiated in 1997 a program for energy economizing in the South region, for which the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, through its Unit for the Use of Energy, collaborated performing energy assessments in 115 buildings of the above mentioned region. This paper describes the employed methodology to carry on the energy assessment, which consisted in an analysis of each building and different options for energy economizing were presented, which was accompanied with cost-benefit studies. The results obtained show that the air conditioning equipment and lighting represent the most important loads permanently connected, therefore the study was concentrated in these two loads [Espanol] Los desarrollos tecnologicos de equipos ahorradores de energia constituyen una poderosa herramienta para la conservacion y el ahorro de energia electrica en instalaciones nuevas o existentes. Petroleos Mexicanos (PEMEX) Exploracion y Produccion inicio en 1997 un programa para el ahorro de energia en la region sur, para lo cual el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, a traves de la Unidad de Uso de Energia, colaboro realizando diagnosticos energeticos en 115 edificios de dicha region. En este documento se describe la metodologia utilizada para realizar el diagnostico energetico, el cual consistio en un analisis de cada edificio y se presentaron diversas opciones para ahorrar energia, lo cual se acompano de estudios de costo-beneficio. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que los equipos de aire acondicionado e iluminacion representan la parte mas importante de las cargas conectadas permanentemente, por lo que el estudio se concentro en estas dos cargas
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Campero L, Eduardo; Bratu S, Neagu; Marquez M, Luis; Caballero R, Rafael [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Unidad Azcapotzalco, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1994-12-31
In this article it is explained what is known as differential currents and the conditions in which they appear in the electrical installations. A short outline is made on the magnetic induction phenomenon that appears in metallic conduits, due to the circulation of differential currents along the inside of the tube and that in turn produces energy losses in the form of heat, that is dissipated in the tube surrounding environment. The results of the measurements performed in the laboratory are shown in order to quantify the energy losses in the metallic conduit. It was found that for certain conditions these losses are significant. [Espanol] En este articulo se explica lo que se entiende por corrientes diferenciales y se describen las condiciones en las que estas aparecen en las instalaciones electricas. Se plantea brevemente el fenomeno de induccion magnetica que aparece en las tuberias metalicas, debido a la circulacion de corrientes diferenciales por el interior del tubo y que a su vez produce perdidas de energia en forma de calor, que se disipa en el ambiente que rodea al tubo. Se muestran los resultados de las mediciones que se llevaron a cabo en laboratorio para poder cuantificar las perdidas en tuberia metalica conduit. Se encontro que para ciertas condiciones estas perdidas son significativas.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Zayas Perez, Benjamin Eddie; Islas Perez, Eduardo; Bahena Rada, Jessica Liliana; Romero Lima, Jesus [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico); Sierra Rodriguez, Benjamin; Moreno Diaz, Humberto [Comision Federal de Electricidad (Mexico)
2011-07-01
llevan a cabo en las Divisiones de Distribucion de la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) en dos procesos por separado: elaboracion de planos de ingenieria con software para diseno asistido por computadora (CAD, Computer-Aided Design) y calculo de la volumetria para la elaboracion del presupuesto base, con hojas de calculo convencionales. Los documentos se elaboran manualmente y de forma individual, sin existir alguna funcionalidad que permita actualizar automaticamente las modificaciones del diseno en todos los planos, y el correspondiente presupuesto base, resultando un proceso tardado, laborioso y factible de inconsistencia entre los documentos. Con la finalidad de optimizar el proceso de diseno de la obra civil y electromecanica de subestaciones electricas (SE) en un ambiente grafico tridimensional (3D), la Gerencia de Supervision de Proceso del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), en coordinacion con la Subdireccion de Distribucion de la CFE, desarrollo el Sistema para el Diseno de Subestaciones Electricas de Distribucion (DiDSED), el cual aprovecha las ventajas de la tecnologia CAD3D para el desarrollo de la ingenieria de detalle, ingenieria de costos para el calculo del presupuesto base y realidad virtual para navegacion tridimensional interactiva. Cabe destacar que actualmente, este sistema se encuentra en la etapa de implantacion en la Subdireccion de Distribucion de la CFE. En este articulo se describen brevemente las etapas principales del desarrollo del proyecto, asi como la funcionalidad y los componentes principales del sistema.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Angulo C, Raul; Lam Rea, Luis; Garmino, Hector; Jimenez, Humberto [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1986-12-31
The Cerro Prieto I Geothermal Field, developed and operated by the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), has currently an installed electric power generation capacity of 180 MW and is at a very advanced stage in the development of Cerro Prieto II and III, which will allow to raise the generation capacity to 620 MW. During the exploitation of a geothermal field, in producing steam with the purpose of generating electricity, brines and waste gases are obtained. The hydrogen sulfide exhaust to the environment implies pollution problems, for this reason processes have been developed for the oxidation of these gases downstream the turbogenerator either in the flow of separated gases in the steam condensation or in the condensate produced. The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) has collaborated with CFE in the evaluation of the environmental impact of this gas and in the development of the processes for its abatement. [Espanol] El campo geotermico de Cerro Prieto I, desarrollado y operado por la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), actualmente tiene una capacidad instalada de generacion de energia electrica de 180 MW, y se encuentra en etapa muy avanzada, el desarrollo de Cerro Prieto II y III, lo que permitira incrementar la capacidad de generacion a 620 MW. Durante la explotacion de un campo geotermico, al producir vapor con el proposito de generar electricidad, se obtienen salmueras y gases de desecho. La descarga de acido sulfhidrico a la atmosfera implica problemas de contaminacion, por esta razon se han desarrollado procesos para la oxidacion de este gas aguas abajo de la turbina generadora, ya sea en la corriente de gases que se separan en la condensacion del vapor o en el condensado producido. El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) ha colaborado con la CFE en la evaluacion del impacto ambiental de este gas y en el desarrollo de sus procesos de abatimiento.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Angulo C, Raul; Lam Rea, Luis; Garmino, Hector; Jimenez, Humberto [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1985-12-31
The Cerro Prieto I Geothermal Field, developed and operated by the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), has currently an installed electric power generation capacity of 180 MW and is at a very advanced stage in the development of Cerro Prieto II and III, which will allow to raise the generation capacity to 620 MW. During the exploitation of a geothermal field, in producing steam with the purpose of generating electricity, brines and waste gases are obtained. The hydrogen sulfide exhaust to the environment implies pollution problems, for this reason processes have been developed for the oxidation of these gases downstream the turbogenerator either in the flow of separated gases in the steam condensation or in the condensate produced. The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) has collaborated with CFE in the evaluation of the environmental impact of this gas and in the development of the processes for its abatement. [Espanol] El campo geotermico de Cerro Prieto I, desarrollado y operado por la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), actualmente tiene una capacidad instalada de generacion de energia electrica de 180 MW, y se encuentra en etapa muy avanzada, el desarrollo de Cerro Prieto II y III, lo que permitira incrementar la capacidad de generacion a 620 MW. Durante la explotacion de un campo geotermico, al producir vapor con el proposito de generar electricidad, se obtienen salmueras y gases de desecho. La descarga de acido sulfhidrico a la atmosfera implica problemas de contaminacion, por esta razon se han desarrollado procesos para la oxidacion de este gas aguas abajo de la turbina generadora, ya sea en la corriente de gases que se separan en la condensacion del vapor o en el condensado producido. El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) ha colaborado con la CFE en la evaluacion del impacto ambiental de este gas y en el desarrollo de sus procesos de abatimiento.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1993 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1993-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1989 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1990-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1990 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1991-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1993 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1994-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1992 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1993-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1995 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1989 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1989-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1985 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1986-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1986 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1987-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1987 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1988-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1997 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1996 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1991 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1991-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1997 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1998-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1996 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1997-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1990 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1990-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1987 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1987-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1992 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1992-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1986 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1986-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1995 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1995-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1991 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1992-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1988 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1988-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1985 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1985-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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IIE Bulletin: selected articles from 1994 issues of ``boletin iie``
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1994-12-31
Boletin IIE, produced by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, is issued six times a year. Separate citations and abstracts have been prepared for individual articles in scope for the database.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Vargas H, Vicente; Rosales S, Inocente [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico); Pimentel M, Jorge [Petroleos Mexicanos (Mexico)
2007-07-01
At present, PEMEX is using new artificial pumping systems for the production of oil, specifically the Electro Centrifugal Pumping system (ECP). Nevertheless, during the operation of the (ECP) system problems by the failure of their electrical components have appeared, mainly of the equipment installed within the well. The faults have resulted in an increased cost for the diminution in the production and the maintenance cost of the remedial work. The maintenance personnel have procedures to perform verification tests of the conditions of the bottom electrical equipment. But, in the case of an electrical failure of the equipment, its location cannot be determined, since they are installed at 3,600 m from the production wellhead. In accordance with the former, the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas proposed the application of the reflectometry technique in the time domain, to complement the maintenance procedures. This technique is a very useful diagnosis tool of the electrical equipment, which helps in the decision making of the maneuvers of preventive and corrective maintenance to be followed, with the consequent saving of resources. [Spanish] Actualmente, PEMEX esta utilizando nuevos sistemas artificiales de bombeo para la produccion de petroleo, en especifico el Sistema de Bombeo Electrocentrifugo (BEC). Sin embargo, durante la operacion del Sistema BEC se han presentado problemas por la falla de sus componentes electricos, sobre todo del equipo instalado dentro del pozo. Las fallas han resultado con un costo elevado por la disminucion en la produccion y por los trabajos de mantenimiento correctivo. El personal de mantenimiento cuenta con procedimientos para realizar pruebas de verificacion del estado de los equipos electricos de fondo. Pero, en el caso de una falla electrica de los equipos, no se puede determinar su ubicacion, dado que se instalan a 3,600 m del cabezal del pozo de produccion. De acuerdo con lo anterior, el Instituto de Investigaciones
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-12-31
In this report, the main results of the projects, studies, services and departmental activities of the Direccion de Investigacion y Desarrollo of the Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (ININ), during 1995, are shown. It includes the results of different areas such as Nuclear Chemistry and Physics, Environmental Science and Genetics, Radiobiology, Nuclear Technology, Nuclear Fuel and Technical Assistance, as well as their main objectives, stage of development and publications. (Author).
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Iglesias R, Eduardo and others [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2001-07-01
PEMEX Exploration and Production (PEP), through its Management of Well Productivity of the Subdivision of Technology and Professional Development (GTDP) and of its Active Luna, faced the problematic of carrying out simultaneous recordings of temperature and pressure in high temperature flowing wells. Capitalizing the experience and know-how of the Gerencia de Geotermia (GG) of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) in this field, it ordered the resolution of the described problematic, by means of the development of appropriate tools. In order to compliment this order, the GG of the IIE developed the SLIMETRE system, in close collaboration with the personnel of PEP involved in the project. This project framed in the Agreement of Collaboration for the rendering of services between PEMEX Exploration and Production and the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas. In the sections that follow appear the main parameters of design, the architecture of the system is explained, the tools and the subsystem of data acquisition are described; the obtained results are exposed and the conclusions appear. [Spanish] Pemex Exploracion y Produccion (PEP), a traves de su Gerencia de Productividad de Pozos de la Subdireccion de Tecnologia y Desarrollo Profesional (GTDP) y de su Activo Luna, encaro la problematica de efectuar registros simultaneos de temperatura y presion en pozos fluyentes de alta temperatura. Capitalizando la experiencia y know-how de la Gerencia de Geotermia (GG) del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) en dicho campo, le encargo la resolucion de la problematica descrita, mediante el desarrollo de herramientas apropiadas. Para cumplimentar dicho encargo, la GG del IIE desarrollo el sistema SLIMETRE, en estrecha colaboracion con el personal de PEP involucrado en el proyecto. Este proyecto se enmarco en el Convenio de Colaboracion para la prestacion de servicios entre Pemex Exploracion y Produccion y el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas. En
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Espejel Valdez, Eduardo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico); Millan Monje, Alejandro; Honk Hernandez, Wenceslao [Comision Federal de Electricidad, (CFE), Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1986-12-31
A group of specialists from the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) and of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) analyzes the design of various types of power transmission towers in their application stage, in order to enhance them. In this article the structural characteristics of the self-supported tower type 2M2 for 230 kV of two circuits and of suspension, are presented. [Espanol] Un grupo de especialistas de la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) y del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) analiza el diseno de diversos tipos de torres de transmision en su etapa de aplicacion, con el fin de mejorarlos. En este articulo se presentan las caracteristicas estructurales de la torre autosoportada tipo 2M2 para 230 kV, de dos circuitos y de suspension.
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Industrial stacks design; Diseno de chimeneas industriales
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Cacheux, Luis [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1987-12-31
The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) though its Civil Works Department, develops, under contract with CFE`s Gerencia de Proyectos Termoelectricos (Management of Fossil Power Plant Projects), a series of methods for the design of stacks, which pretends to solve the a present day problem: the stack design of the fossil power plants that will go into operation during the next coming years in the country. [Espanol] El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), a traves del Departamento de Ingenieria Civil, desarrolla, bajo contrato con la Gerencia de Proyectos Termoelectricos, de la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), un conjunto de metodos para el diseno de chimeneas, con el que se pretende resolver un problema inmediato: el diseno de las chimeneas de las centrales termoelectricas que entraran en operacion durante los proximos anos, en el pais.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Espejel Valdez, Eduardo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico); Millan Monje, Alejandro; Honk Hernandez, Wenceslao [Comision Federal de Electricidad, (CFE), Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1985-12-31
A group of specialists from the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) and of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) analyzes the design of various types of power transmission towers in their application stage, in order to enhance them. In this article the structural characteristics of the self-supported tower type 2M2 for 230 kV of two circuits and of suspension, are presented. [Espanol] Un grupo de especialistas de la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) y del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) analiza el diseno de diversos tipos de torres de transmision en su etapa de aplicacion, con el fin de mejorarlos. En este articulo se presentan las caracteristicas estructurales de la torre autosoportada tipo 2M2 para 230 kV, de dos circuitos y de suspension.
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Industrial stacks design; Diseno de chimeneas industriales
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Cacheux, Luis [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1986-12-31
The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) though its Civil Works Department, develops, under contract with CFE`s Gerencia de Proyectos Termoelectricos (Management of Fossil Power Plant Projects), a series of methods for the design of stacks, which pretends to solve the a present day problem: the stack design of the fossil power plants that will go into operation during the next coming years in the country. [Espanol] El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), a traves del Departamento de Ingenieria Civil, desarrolla, bajo contrato con la Gerencia de Proyectos Termoelectricos, de la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), un conjunto de metodos para el diseno de chimeneas, con el que se pretende resolver un problema inmediato: el diseno de las chimeneas de las centrales termoelectricas que entraran en operacion durante los proximos anos, en el pais.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sanchez P, Marino; De Lara J, Salvador; Hernandez Muniz, Alfredo [Industria SIGRAMA, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico); Garcia Cabello, Raymundo [Comision Federal de Electricidad (Mexico)
2004-07-01
At the present time, the turbo-gas units (TGU) make an important contribution in the development and growth of the national power sector, since this type of units pertaining to the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) contributes with the 6.23% of the national production, that is to say, 2600 MW approx. The turbo-gas units are aero-derivative gas turbines used for power generation, pumping and compression. Generally, they are used to support urgent requests in the demand of electricity or, for the permanent supply of electrical energy in isolated zones. In addition, they are used to quickly get into and get out of operation, which requires high availability, trustworthiness and flexibility. In this sense, and with the intention of improving the operation of the TGUs, the Gerencia de Control e Instrumentation (GCI) (Management of Control and Instrumentation) of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), has developed a control technology for this type of units, able to replace the original control systems of units with even 30 years of continuous operation or to be installed in new units. [Spanish] En la actualidad, las unidades de turbogas (UTG) tienen una importante contribucion en el desarrollo y crecimiento del sector energetico nacional, pues este tipo de unidades pertenecientes a la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) aportan el 6.23% de la produccion nacional, es decir, 2600 MW aproximadamente. Las unidades turbogas son turbinas de gas aeroderivativas empleadas para la generacion electrica, bombeo y compresion. Por lo general, son utilizadas para apoyar solicitudes urgentes en la demanda de electricidad o bien, para el suministro permanente de energia electrica en zonas aisladas. Ademas, se usan para entrar y salir rapidamente en operacion, lo que requiere alta disponibilidad, confiabilidad y flexibilidad. En este sentido, y con la intencion de mejorar las UTG, la Gerencia de Control e Instrumentacion (GCI) del Instituto de Investigaciones
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Genta, J [Facultad de Ingenieria, Instituto de Mecanica de Fluidos e Ingenieria Ambiental, Montevideo, (Uruguay); Nunes, V [Facultad de Ingenieria, Instituto de Ingenieria Electrica, Montevideo, (Uruguay)
1994-07-01
The micro turbines use for electric generation either in autonomous systems or in connection to the national net is presented like an alternative whose viability has been studied in the Agreement taken place between the UTE Administracion Nacional de Usinas y transmisiones Electricas y la Facultad de Ingenieria. The Agreement {sup S}tudy for the Installation of Micro turbines that initially considered areas far from the national electric net it extended then to near areas to the same one to analyze the cogeneration alternative. They were considered smaller and bigger powers than 1 MW and up to 5MW. For the whole study range a methodology is described of calculate primary, starting from a minimum of field information that allows a first estimate of viability of a certain place and the selection of the turbine type, for a later detailed study.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Agredano Diaz, Jaime [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2007-06-15
. Enseguida, se muestra la solucion que le encontro el Gobierno del Estado a este problema para lo que fue necesaria la participacion del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). Esta participacion, se traduce en un proyecto que muestra la viabilidad de instalar sistemas fotovoltaicos interconectados a la red de la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) en casas habitacion. Despues, se presenta una descripcion no solo de los elementos que conforman el sistema, sino tambien de la metodologia y el funcionamiento del mismo. Posteriormente, se presenta el efecto positivo, economicamente y ambientalmente hablando, que tuvo la instalacion del sistema en las 220 casas habitacion del fraccionamiento Valle de las Misiones, asi como las caracteristicas generales del mismo. Ademas, se presenta la manera de alcanzar un mayor impacto y cobertura del sistema. Finalmente, se presentan los auspiciadotes del proyecto: la Secretaria de Energia (SENER), la CFE, la Comision Reguladora de Energia (CRE), la Universidad Autonoma de Baja California (UABC), el IIE, el Banco de Desarrollo de America del Norte (BDAN) y el Gobierno del Estado de Baja California.
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Sun, wind and electric generation; Sol, viento y generacion electrica
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Huacuz Villamar, Jorge M. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1995-12-31
A description is made of the electric generation known as the photovoltaic-wind power hybrid systems at the generation station of X-Calak which is located in the zone known as Punta Herrero-X-Calak Corridor, in the Southern coast of the Quintana Roo State. This is a technology in development, in which the solar and the wind energy are combined, to offer an alternative of electric generation that can be economical, reliable and of low impact on the environment. Mention is made of the experiences gathered in this station as well as the results obtained [Espanol] Se describe la tecnologia de generacion electrica conocida como sistemas hibridos fotovoltaico-eolico en la planta generadora de X-Calak, la cual esta localizada en la zona conocida como el corredor Punta Herrero-X-Calak, en la costa sur del estado de Quintana Roo. Esta es una tecnologia en desarrollo, en donde se combina la energia solar y energia eolica, para ofrecer una alternativa de generacion electrica que pretende ser economica, confiable y de bajo impacto sobre el medio ambiente. Se mencionan las experiencias obtenidas en esta planta asi como los resultados obtenidos
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Sun, wind and electric generation; Sol, viento y generacion electrica
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Huacuz Villamar, Jorge M [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1996-12-31
A description is made of the electric generation known as the photovoltaic-wind power hybrid systems at the generation station of X-Calak which is located in the zone known as Punta Herrero-X-Calak Corridor, in the Southern coast of the Quintana Roo State. This is a technology in development, in which the solar and the wind energy are combined, to offer an alternative of electric generation that can be economical, reliable and of low impact on the environment. Mention is made of the experiences gathered in this station as well as the results obtained [Espanol] Se describe la tecnologia de generacion electrica conocida como sistemas hibridos fotovoltaico-eolico en la planta generadora de X-Calak, la cual esta localizada en la zona conocida como el corredor Punta Herrero-X-Calak, en la costa sur del estado de Quintana Roo. Esta es una tecnologia en desarrollo, en donde se combina la energia solar y energia eolica, para ofrecer una alternativa de generacion electrica que pretende ser economica, confiable y de bajo impacto sobre el medio ambiente. Se mencionan las experiencias obtenidas en esta planta asi como los resultados obtenidos
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ramirez Nino, Jose; Escorsa Morales, Oscar [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico); Lopez Azamar, Ernesto [Comision Federal de Electricidad (Mexico)
2000-07-01
The nozzles used in high voltage electrical equipment, such as power transformers and circuit breakers, constitute the elements that present greater fault risk. On the other hand, the faults in the nozzles cause, in most of the cases catastrophic damages, that expose to risk the maintenance personnel of the plant and the peripheral equipment. With the purpose of contributing with on-line monitoring techniques that indicate the nozzles condition and allow to anticipate their possible fault, the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) performed for the laboratory of tests of equipment and materials (LAPEM) of Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), a project for the development of a system for the measurement of capacitive currents in these equipments. This system allows to determine the variation in capacitance and dielectric losses, and to determine the presence of internal partial discharges in nozzles of 115, 230 and 400 kV. With this information it is possible to determine the condition of the internal isolation of the nozzles and retire them from service before deterioration takes place that puts in danger the integrity of the equipment. The management of electrical equipment of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas developed for LAPEM a system that measures capacitive currents of power transformer nozzles. This system was designed with the purpose of installing it in a transformer of a 400 kV machine, in the fossil power station of Tula, Hidalgo, of the Comision Federal de Electricidad. [Spanish] Las boquillas empleadas en los equipos electricos de alta tension, como transformadores de potencia e interruptores, constituyen los elementos que presentan mayor riesgo de falla. Por otro lado, las fallas en las boquillas provocan en la mayoria de los casos danos catastroficos que ponen en riesgo al personal de mantenimiento de la planta y al equipo periferico. Con la finalidad de aportar tecnicas de monitoreo en linea que indiquen el estado de las
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Mejia Lavalle, Manuel; Gonzalez Sustaeta, Jorge [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico); Miranda Miranda, Oscar [Comision Federal de Electricidad (Mexico)
2000-07-01
To be well informed sometimes is a difficult goal to reach, mainly when the companies are developed and grown at the present times rate. It is from this necessity that the Corporative Information Systems (SIC) arise. In this article a real application of a SIC in the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) is presented, in whose conceptualization and implementation, personnel of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) is participating. [Spanish] Estar bien informado a veces resulta una meta dificil de alcanzar, sobre todo cuando las empresas se desarrollan y crecen al ritmo de los tiempos actuales. Es a partir de esta necesidad que surgen los Sistemas de Informacion Corporativa (SIC). En este articulo se presenta una aplicacion real de un SIC en la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), en cuya conceptualizacion e implantacion esta participando personal del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE).
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Carnero Parra, Antonio; Garcia Illescas, Rafael; Kubiak Szyszka, Janusz [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)
1999-07-01
This article presents the methodology applied by the Management of Turbomachinery of the Institute of Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), for the evaluation of the remaining useful life of steam turbine rotors in the phase of initiation of fissures. The evaluation of the remaining useful life of turbines, will reveal the real state of health of the rotor and will serve as a base for the future decision making that guarantees their structural integrity. [Spanish] El presentes articulo presenta la metodologia aplicada por la Gerencia de Turbomaquinaria del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), para la evaluacion de la vida util remanente de rotores de turbinas de vapor en la fase de iniciacion de fisuras. La evaluacion de la vida util de turbinas, revelar el estado real de salud del rotor y servira de base para la toma de decisiones futuras que garanticen su integridad estructural.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Arellano Gomez, Victor [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)
1999-07-01
The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) through the Management of Geotermics has developed technologies that have allowed the utilization of the existing natural thermal energy from inside the Earth. In this article the developments made in this management are presented among which are the following ones: development of geotermometer of cationic composition (GCC), development of an Anapress system, and design and construction of mixed permeameter gas - liquid. [Spanish] El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) a traves de la Gerencia de Geotermia ha desarrollado tecnologias que han permitido el aprovechamiento de la energia termica natural existente en el interior de la tierra. En este articulo se presentan los desarrollos realizados en esta gerencia entre los cuales se encuentran los siguientes: desarrollo de un geotermometro de composicion cationica (GCC), desarrollo de un sistema Anapres, y diseno y construccion de un permeametro mixto gas - liquido.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Gaona de la Fuente, Alvaro; Carrillo Borja, Angel [Luz y Fuerza del Centro, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1997-12-31
This document describes the distribution of the electric energy in the World Trade Center building. Also called the Business International Capital, it is a modern international concept that integrates under the same roof services and supports required by the foreign commerce, with a great 50 stories high building, information network, a business center, a commercial center, an international center for exhibits and conventions and a luxury hotel. It is a modern building equipped with a numberless technological advancements an a total installed electrical load of 35000 kVA. The distribution structures utilized for high buildings are described, the structure that was decided to adopt in the World Trade Center, the requirement for the execution of the distribution electric work, the Luz y Fuerza installations in the buildings conglomerate, the operation and maintenance of the distribution network of this building and the basic needs for new installations of this type of buildings [Espanol] En el presente documento se describe la distribucion de la energia electrica del edificio World Trade Center de la ciudad de Mexico. Llamado tambien la capital internacional de los negocios es un moderno concepto internacional que integra bajo un mismo techo servicios y apoyos que se requieren para el comercio exterior contando con una gran torre de 50 pisos, red de informacion, un centro de negocios, un centro comercial, un centro internacional de exposiciones y convenciones y un hotel de lujo. Es un edificio moderno equipado con un sinnumero de adelantos tecnologicos y con una carga total instalada de 35000 kVA. Se describen las estructuras de distribucion utilizadas en edificios altos, la estructura que se decidio implantar en el World Trade Center, los requerimientos para la ejecucion de la obra electrica de distribucion, las instalaciones de Luz y Fuerza en el conjunto de dicho edificio, la operacion y mantenimiento de la red de distribucion de este edificio, y las necesidades
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Picasso B, Cuitlahuac [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico); Astorga Q, Clemente [Luz y Fuerza del Centro (Mexico)
2003-07-01
In order to increase the services quality in the electrical energy, to improve the process of identification of energy losses, to increase the equipment efficiency, to count on more complete statistics of profiles of load consumptions, among other applications, the Compania de Luz y Fuerza del Centro (LyFC) carries out the modernization in automatization of substations and regional operation centers of distribution networks. The technological base to make these programs requires automating the operative schemes of the substation and distribution centers that supervise the events of the electrical process. In this article the main results of the development and integration of master stations based on PC, that were made in the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) and that have been integrated in the electrical company LyFC are presented. [Spanish] Con el proposito de incrementar la calidad de los servicios en la energia electrica, mejorar el proceso de identificacion de perdidas de energia, aumentar la eficiencia de los equipos, contar con estadisticas mas completas de perfiles de consumos de carga, entre otras aplicaciones, la Compania de Luz y Fuerza del Centro (LyFC) lleva a cabo la modernizacion en automatizacion de subestaciones y centros de operacion regional de redes electricas de distribucion. La base tecnologica para realizar estos programas, requiere de automatizar los esquemas operativos de la subestacion y centros de distribucion que supervisan los eventos del proceso electrico. En este articulo se presentan los principales resultados del desarrollo e integracion de estaciones maestras basadas en PC, que se realizaron en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) y que se han integrado en la compania electrica LyFC.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Franco Nava, Jose Manuel; Torres Toledano, Jose Gerardo; Sanchez Sanchez, Ramon [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1996-12-31
Because of the importance of fracture mechanics in applications to pressure vessels, piping and other components used in thermal power plants, the Mechanical Engineering Unit of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) has been developing activities in this field since some years ago. In this paper, the process for the analysis of probabilistic fracture mechanics is described. As an example, an application to the calculation of fault probability in piping systems, is presented. [Espanol] Dada la importancia de la mecanica de fractura en aplicaciones de recipientes a presion, tuberias y otros componentes utilizados en centrales termicas, la Unidad de Ingenieria Mecanica del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) ha venido desarrollando actividades en este campo desde hace algunos anos. En el presente trabajo, se describe el proceso para el analisis de mecanica de fractura probabilista. Como ejemplo se presenta una aplicacion al calculo de probabilidad de falla en tuberias.
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Asphaltenes in Mexican fuel oils; Asfaltenos en combustoleos mexicanos
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Longoria Ramirez, Rigoberto [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1996-12-31
In this article the main aspects in which the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) has worked to contribute to the solution of problems due to the presence of asphaltenes in national fuel oils, are emphasized. The increment of these compounds, that concentrate harmful elements, in the last ten years has reached 22% by weight of the fuel oil. It is demonstrated that the quantification of asphaltenes depends on the type of solvent employed. [Espanol] En este articulo se subrayan los principales aspectos en los que el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) ha trabajado para contribuir a la solucion de problemas debidos a la presencia de asfaltenos en combustoleos nacionales. El incremento de estos compuestos, que concentran elementos nocivos, en los ultimos diez anos ha llegado hasta un 22% del peso del combustoleo. Se demuestra que la cuantificacion de los asfaltenos depende del tipo de solvente utilizado.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Franco Nava, Jose Manuel; Torres Toledano, Jose Gerardo; Sanchez Sanchez, Ramon [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1997-12-31
Because of the importance of fracture mechanics in applications to pressure vessels, piping and other components used in thermal power plants, the Mechanical Engineering Unit of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) has been developing activities in this field since some years ago. In this paper, the process for the analysis of probabilistic fracture mechanics is described. As an example, an application to the calculation of fault probability in piping systems, is presented. [Espanol] Dada la importancia de la mecanica de fractura en aplicaciones de recipientes a presion, tuberias y otros componentes utilizados en centrales termicas, la Unidad de Ingenieria Mecanica del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) ha venido desarrollando actividades en este campo desde hace algunos anos. En el presente trabajo, se describe el proceso para el analisis de mecanica de fractura probabilista. Como ejemplo se presenta una aplicacion al calculo de probabilidad de falla en tuberias.
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Asphaltenes in Mexican fuel oils; Asfaltenos en combustoleos mexicanos
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Longoria Ramirez, Rigoberto [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1997-12-31
In this article the main aspects in which the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) has worked to contribute to the solution of problems due to the presence of asphaltenes in national fuel oils, are emphasized. The increment of these compounds, that concentrate harmful elements, in the last ten years has reached 22% by weight of the fuel oil. It is demonstrated that the quantification of asphaltenes depends on the type of solvent employed. [Espanol] En este articulo se subrayan los principales aspectos en los que el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) ha trabajado para contribuir a la solucion de problemas debidos a la presencia de asfaltenos en combustoleos nacionales. El incremento de estos compuestos, que concentran elementos nocivos, en los ultimos diez anos ha llegado hasta un 22% del peso del combustoleo. Se demuestra que la cuantificacion de los asfaltenos depende del tipo de solvente utilizado.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Johnson Controls [Comision Federal de Electricidad (Mexico)
2005-07-01
Administrative measures allow a reduction in the energy consumption, but not always in the electrical demand. Control measures allow a reduction in the billing of the electrical demand, but not always in the energy consumption. This is why it is explained in this document what management and control of the electrical demand is, as well as its control strategies, the control alternatives, the billing demand and at the same time graphical representations along with three practical cases on the management of demand in air compressors, air conditioning equipment and in corporative buildings are presented. [Spanish] La aplicacion de las medidas administrativas permite reducir el consumo de energia, pero no siempre la demanda electrica. La aplicacion de medidas de control permiten reducir la demanda electrica facturable, pero no siempre el consumo de energia. Es por eso que en este documento se explica que es la administracion y el control de la demanda electrica, sus estrategias de control, las alternativas de control, la demanda facturable, representaciones graficas y tres casos practicos sobre la administracion de demanda en compresores de aire, la administracion de demanda en aire acondicionado y la administracion de demanda en un edificio corporativo.
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Annual Report 1995. Direccion de Investigacion y Desarrollo
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
1995-01-01
In this report, the main results of the projects, studies, services and departmental activities of the Direccion de Investigacion y Desarrollo of the Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (ININ), during 1995, are shown. It includes the results of different areas such as Nuclear Chemistry and Physics, Environmental Science and Genetics, Radiobiology, Nuclear Technology, Nuclear Fuel and Technical Assistance, as well as their main objectives, stage of development and publications. (Author)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Gonzalez, A.
1995-12-31
Red Electrica constructed a grid with optical fiber in 1989 for the grids of 400-220 Kv. In 1995 the length of the grid will be of 6.600 Km. This grid supplies the telecommunication advanced services and contributes in the efficiency and quality of different tasks of Red Electrica.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Patlan Frausto, Jose O; Acosta Aradillas, Juan [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1987-12-31
In this article are presented, in a conceptual manner the main elements that participate in the electric design of synchronous generators. Also, other options are presented for computers utilization as a design support. Afterwards, a computer program developed by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) for the electric design of projecting poles generators is presented, oriented towards obtaining their electro-magnetic dimensioning. Finally, with the purpose of validating this program, the results obtained in a specific case, are presented. [Espanol] En este articulo se presentan, de manera conceptual, los principales elementos que participan en el proceso de diseno electrico de generadores sincronos. Tambien se plantean otras opciones para utilizar las computadoras como apoyo de diseno. Posteriormente, se describe un programa de computo desarrollado en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) para el diseno electrico de generadores de polos salientes, orientado a obtener su dimensionamiento electromagnetico. Por ultimo, con el proposito de validar este programa, se presentan los resultados obtenidos en un caso particular.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Mahendra Jaiswal, Pal Verma [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)
1999-07-01
In this article the exhaustive experimentation of the compilation of the experimental data of quartz solubility is presented along with the saturation curve water - steam and in the zone of compressed liquid. On the base of these data a regression relation was derived, which is valid for the entire range of temperature from 0 to 374 Celsius degrees. This study was developed by Mahendra Pal Verma Jaiswal, researcher of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) [Spanish] En este articulo se presenta el experimento exhaustivo de la recopilacion de los datos experimentales de la solubilidad de cuarzo a lo largo de la curva de saturacion agua - vapor y en la zona de liquido comprimido. Sobre la base de estos datos se derivo una relacion de regresion, la cual es valida para todo el rango de temperatura desde 0 a 374 grados Celsius. Este estudio fue desarrollado por Mahendra Pal Verma Jaiswal, investigador del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rivas, Elena [ed.] [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)
1999-07-01
In this article the work made by the Institute of Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), in the area of atmospheric electric discharges and grounding connections at Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) is presented. The work consisted of the revision of the procedures for the design of transmission lines and substations of CFE from which high indexes of interruptions are reported, from this, a program was defined that allowed to improve the existing designs in CFE. [Spanish] En este articulo se presenta el trabajo realizado por el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), en el area de descargas atmosfericas y conexiones a tierra en Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE). El trabajo consistio en la revision de los procedimientos de diseno de las areas de transmision y subestaciones de la CFE para los que se reportan altos indices de salidas, a partir de esto se definio un programa que permitio mejorar los disenos existentes en la CFE.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Patlan Frausto, Jose O.; Acosta Aradillas, Juan [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1986-12-31
In this article are presented, in a conceptual manner the main elements that participate in the electric design of synchronous generators. Also, other options are presented for computers utilization as a design support. Afterwards, a computer program developed by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) for the electric design of projecting poles generators is presented, oriented towards obtaining their electro-magnetic dimensioning. Finally, with the purpose of validating this program, the results obtained in a specific case, are presented. [Espanol] En este articulo se presentan, de manera conceptual, los principales elementos que participan en el proceso de diseno electrico de generadores sincronos. Tambien se plantean otras opciones para utilizar las computadoras como apoyo de diseno. Posteriormente, se describe un programa de computo desarrollado en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) para el diseno electrico de generadores de polos salientes, orientado a obtener su dimensionamiento electromagnetico. Por ultimo, con el proposito de validar este programa, se presentan los resultados obtenidos en un caso particular.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Borja, Marco Antonio; Parkman Cuellar, Pablo A [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1987-12-31
Wind is an inexhaustible energy source. To study its behavior in order to develop research projects and apply new technologies connected to its maximum development is one of the activities carried on at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). As a part of such activities, the equipment Anemodata-1-IIE was designed and built for the wind velocity and direction data acquisition. The Anemodata-1-IIE is the result of the work that the Departamento de Fuentes no Convencionales (Non-Conventional Energy Sources of the Energy Sources Department) carries on regarding the development of electric equipment for the anemometry. [Espanol] Una fuente inagotable de energia es el viento. Estudiar su comportamiento para desarrollar proyectos de investigacion y aplicar nuevas tecnologias vinculadas con su maximo aprovechamiento es una de las actividades que se realizan en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). Como parte de dichas actividades, se diseno y construyo el equipo Anemodata-1-IIE para la adquisicion de datos de velocidad y direccion del viento. El anemodata-1-IIE es un resultado de los trabajos que el Departamento de Fuentes no Convencionales, de la division de Fuentes de Energia, lleva a cabo en torno al desarrollo de equipo electrico para anemometria.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Borja, Marco Antonio; Parkman Cuellar, Pablo A. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1986-12-31
Wind is an inexhaustible energy source. To study its behavior in order to develop research projects and apply new technologies connected to its maximum development is one of the activities carried on at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). As a part of such activities, the equipment Anemodata-1-IIE was designed and built for the wind velocity and direction data acquisition. The Anemodata-1-IIE is the result of the work that the Departamento de Fuentes no Convencionales (Non-Conventional Energy Sources of the Energy Sources Department) carries on regarding the development of electric equipment for the anemometry. [Espanol] Una fuente inagotable de energia es el viento. Estudiar su comportamiento para desarrollar proyectos de investigacion y aplicar nuevas tecnologias vinculadas con su maximo aprovechamiento es una de las actividades que se realizan en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). Como parte de dichas actividades, se diseno y construyo el equipo Anemodata-1-IIE para la adquisicion de datos de velocidad y direccion del viento. El anemodata-1-IIE es un resultado de los trabajos que el Departamento de Fuentes no Convencionales, de la division de Fuentes de Energia, lleva a cabo en torno al desarrollo de equipo electrico para anemometria.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Arteaga Novoa, Oscar E.; Agredano Diaz, Jaime; Huacuz Villamar, Jorge M. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1997-12-31
The photovoltaic generators are analyzed as an option for the electricity supply. An analysis is made of the option that these systems be utilized in sites where it is difficult to extend the power lines an in sites where the electric service already exists, such as residences, commercial buildings, network support power stations, central power stations, all this in order that the photovoltaic systems interact with the electric network for the generation of part of the energy consumed in these sites. In order that the photovoltaic systems can be interconnected with the electric network it is required: energy quality, protection and safety of the systems and persons and normativity for the interconnection. Some of the national programs of countries like Japan, United States of America and some organs of the Commission of the European Community are described. In conclusion, it is expected that the costs of this technology decrease so these systems can be widely utilized [Espanol] Se analizan los generadores fotovoltaicos como una alternativa para el suministro electrico. Se analiza la opcion de que estos sistemas se utilicen en lugares en donde es dificil extender la red electrica y en sitios en donde el servicio electrico ya existe, tales como: residencias, edificios comerciales, estaciones de apoyo a la red, estaciones centrales, esto con la finalidad de que el sistema fotovoltaico interactue con la red electrica a fin de generar parte de la energia que se consume en estos sitios. Para que los sistemas fotovoltaicos puedan estar interconectados con la red electrica se requiere: calidad de la energia, proteccion y seguridad de los sistemas y personas, y normatividad para la interconexion. Se describen algunos programas nacionales de paises como Japon, Estados Unidos y algunos organismos de la Comision de Comunidades Europeas. En conclusion, se espera que los costos de esta tecnologia disminuyan para que estos sistemas puedan ser ampliamante utilizados
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Arteaga Novoa, Oscar E; Agredano Diaz, Jaime; Huacuz Villamar, Jorge M [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1998-12-31
The photovoltaic generators are analyzed as an option for the electricity supply. An analysis is made of the option that these systems be utilized in sites where it is difficult to extend the power lines an in sites where the electric service already exists, such as residences, commercial buildings, network support power stations, central power stations, all this in order that the photovoltaic systems interact with the electric network for the generation of part of the energy consumed in these sites. In order that the photovoltaic systems can be interconnected with the electric network it is required: energy quality, protection and safety of the systems and persons and normativity for the interconnection. Some of the national programs of countries like Japan, United States of America and some organs of the Commission of the European Community are described. In conclusion, it is expected that the costs of this technology decrease so these systems can be widely utilized [Espanol] Se analizan los generadores fotovoltaicos como una alternativa para el suministro electrico. Se analiza la opcion de que estos sistemas se utilicen en lugares en donde es dificil extender la red electrica y en sitios en donde el servicio electrico ya existe, tales como: residencias, edificios comerciales, estaciones de apoyo a la red, estaciones centrales, esto con la finalidad de que el sistema fotovoltaico interactue con la red electrica a fin de generar parte de la energia que se consume en estos sitios. Para que los sistemas fotovoltaicos puedan estar interconectados con la red electrica se requiere: calidad de la energia, proteccion y seguridad de los sistemas y personas, y normatividad para la interconexion. Se describen algunos programas nacionales de paises como Japon, Estados Unidos y algunos organismos de la Comision de Comunidades Europeas. En conclusion, se espera que los costos de esta tecnologia disminuyan para que estos sistemas puedan ser ampliamante utilizados
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Revista Investigacion Educativa, 1992-1995.
Revista Investigacion Educativa, 1995
1995-01-01
This document consists of the eight issues of the series "Revista Investigacion Educativa" published during the 4-year period 1992-1995. This review of educational investigation seeks to promote the exchange of information about empirical research in education. It is published semiannually, and includes reports of both quantitative and…
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Huacuz Villamar, Jorge M. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1997-12-31
Several factors contributed to the existence of large electric systems as we know them today, such as: the increase of the electric demand by the advancement of the industrial development, the appearance of electric equipment, and household devices and by the advancement in the engineering systems, just to mention a few of them. With all this, the third part of the World population still does not have access to the electricity service. The efforts that the small electric enterprises perform to carry the service up to the site where it is required, every day time becomes more expensive and less effective. Exhausted by the weight of a huge economic debt, many electric utilities of the developing countries find each time more difficult to obtain financing to extend the power lines. This situation becomes still more serious with the present privatization scheme of the electric utilities. Although new technologies are being developed to counteract the negative effects caused by the large electricity generation power plants, the society seems to begin to show preferences for more benign to the environment options. The scheme of distributed generation can be given in to modalities: By means of isolated systems in remote sites, where there is not access to the conventional services; and with systems interconnected with the electric network where this is available [Espanol] Varios factores contribuyeron a la aparicion de los grandes sistemas electricos como los conocemos hoy en dia, tales como: el crecimiento de la demanda electrica por el avance del desarrollo industrial, la aparicion de equipos electricos y aparatos electrodomesticos y por avances en la ingenieria de los sistemas, por mencionar algunos. Con todo ello, la tercera parte de la poblacion mundial no tiene aun acceso al servicio electrico. Los esfuerzos que realizan las companias electricas para llevar el servicio hasta donde se requiere, resultan cada vez mas costosos y menos efectivos. Agobiadas por el peso
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Sanchez G, J.
1991-01-01
The main activities undertaken by two research institutes of Mexico, the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas and the Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, related to the safety of the Laguna Verde Nuclear Power Plant, are described. Among these activities, the development of a system for data acquisition and analysis during pre-operational tests, the design and construction of a full-scope simulator, the in-core fuel management and the establishment of an equipment qualification laboratory, stand out. It is considered that there exists a large potential for further participation. (author)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Alvarado, Alonso; Escamilla, Juan Carlos; Alaniz, Felipe de Jesus [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico); Gonzalez, Francisco; Mena, Enrique [Comision Federal de Electricidad, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1997-12-31
A relevant task performed by Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) is the analysis of the structural behavior and safety assessment of the country`s large electric energy generating stations. This task is performed capturing, revising an analyzing the information generated by measuring instruments installed in the power station civil structures. Such activity generates a large amount of data and the collection, analysis and assessment is a long and tiresome process; additionally, the generated information is kept in plain isolated files, that causes sluggishness in the process and delays in the access to the information. This article describes the characteristics of the Information System for Structure Measurements (Sistema de Informacion de Medicion de Estructuras) (SIME), developed by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) for CFE in order to enhance the opportunity for the information management. SIME captures, arranges, stores and reports the data obtained from the measurements at the works with great efficiency and flexibility. This system is part of another of greater scope with which CFE will ensure an optimum operation condition of its civil buildings. [Espanol] Una tarea relevante que realiza la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) es analizar el comportamiento estructural y evaluar la seguridad de las grandes obras generadoras de energia electrica del pais. Esta tarea la realiza capturando, revisando y analizando la informacion que generan instrumentos de medicion instalados en las estructuras civiles de las centrales. Tal actividad genera gran cantidad de datos y el proceso de recopilacion, analisis y evaluacion es tardado y tedioso; ademas, la informacion que se genera se guarda en archivos planos aislados, lo que ocasiona lentitud en el proceso y retraso en el acceso a la informacion. Este articulo describe las caracteristicas del Sistema de Informacion de Medicion de Estructuras (SIME) desarrollado por el Instituto de Investigaciones
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Alvarado, Alonso; Escamilla, Juan Carlos; Alaniz, Felipe de Jesus [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico); Gonzalez, Francisco; Mena, Enrique [Comision Federal de Electricidad, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1998-12-31
A relevant task performed by Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) is the analysis of the structural behavior and safety assessment of the country`s large electric energy generating stations. This task is performed capturing, revising an analyzing the information generated by measuring instruments installed in the power station civil structures. Such activity generates a large amount of data and the collection, analysis and assessment is a long and tiresome process; additionally, the generated information is kept in plain isolated files, that causes sluggishness in the process and delays in the access to the information. This article describes the characteristics of the Information System for Structure Measurements (Sistema de Informacion de Medicion de Estructuras) (SIME), developed by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) for CFE in order to enhance the opportunity for the information management. SIME captures, arranges, stores and reports the data obtained from the measurements at the works with great efficiency and flexibility. This system is part of another of greater scope with which CFE will ensure an optimum operation condition of its civil buildings. [Espanol] Una tarea relevante que realiza la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) es analizar el comportamiento estructural y evaluar la seguridad de las grandes obras generadoras de energia electrica del pais. Esta tarea la realiza capturando, revisando y analizando la informacion que generan instrumentos de medicion instalados en las estructuras civiles de las centrales. Tal actividad genera gran cantidad de datos y el proceso de recopilacion, analisis y evaluacion es tardado y tedioso; ademas, la informacion que se genera se guarda en archivos planos aislados, lo que ocasiona lentitud en el proceso y retraso en el acceso a la informacion. Este articulo describe las caracteristicas del Sistema de Informacion de Medicion de Estructuras (SIME) desarrollado por el Instituto de Investigaciones
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Ripoll, C. Lopez Cerdan; And Others
This paper describes the development by the Mexican Electric Power Research Institute (Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas or IIE) over a 10-year period of a publications and conferences database (PCDB) of research and development output of the institute. The paper begins by listing the objectives of the database and describing data coverage…
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Wind energy for electricity generation; Generacion electrica con energia del viento
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Huacuz Villamar, Jorge M; Borja Diaz, Marco Antonio R. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1998-09-01
A description is made of electricity generation utilizing wind energy (Eoloelectric Generation). The case of Mexico is reviewed in respect to this technology, mentioning a small power plant of 1.5 Megawatts installed by the Comision Federal de Electricidad in the zone of La Ventosa in the State of Oaxaca. Mention is made of the possible causes why Mexico has not advanced in this type of power plants for power generation as in other countries like Germany, Spain and India. The advance in these countries is shown as well as the growth statistics of the wind power in the world. It is concluded that there is not in Mexico a strategy for wind energy utilization for electricity generation in spite of the potential benefits this technology offers [Espanol] Se describe el caso de la generacion electrica utilizando la energia del viento (Generacion Eoloelectrica). Se aborda el caso de Mexico respecto a esta tecnologia, mencionando una pequena central de 1.5 Megawatts (MW) instalada por la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) en la zona de la Ventosa, Oaxaca. Se mencionan las posibles causas por las que en Mexico este tipo de centrales de generacion de energia no ha avanzado como en otros paises, por ejemplo: Alemania, Espana y la India. Se muestran los avances de estos paises, asi como una estadistica del crecimiento de la generacion eoloelectrica en el mundo. Se concluye en que no existe en Mexico una estrategia para la generacion eoloelectrica a pesar de los beneficios potenciales que ofrece esta tecnologia
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Diego Marin, Antonio; Ocampo Barrera, Rene; Martinez Flores, Marco Antonio; Tamayo Flores, Gustavo Adolfo; Alarcon Quiroz, Ernesto [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1997-12-31
To diminish the problems caused by fuels in boilers such as abnormal soiling of heat interchange surfaces, decrease of thermal and combustion efficiencies and increment of pollutants it is proposed the utilization of fuel oil water emulsions. This technology process is described, its development and application in other countries is shown and mention is made of the experiences in this regard at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), as well as the perspectives this technology has in Mexico. In conclusion, the fuel oil water emulsion is an alternative that can help burning efficiently the fuel oil and so to contribute to fulfill with the limits established by the environmental regulations on pollutant emissions. The development of this technology is economical and of simple application, compared with others, such as the installation of new burners, the utilization of a commercial technology for flue gas conditioning, etcetera [Espanol] Para disminuir los problemas ocacionados por el combustoleo en las calderas como: ensuciamientos anormales de las superficies de intercambio de calor, disminucion de eficiencias termicas y de combustion e incremento de las emisiones, se propone la utilizacion de la emulsion de agua en combustoleo. Se describe el proceso de esta tecnologia, se muestra su desarrollo y aplicacion en otros paises y se mencionan las experiencias a este respecto en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), asi como las perspectivas que tiene esta tecnologia en Mexico. En conclusion, la emulsion de agua en combustoleo es una alternativa que puede ayudar a quemar eficientemente al combustoleo y asi contribuir a cumplir con los limites de emisiones que establecen normas ambientales. El desarrollo de esta tecnologia es economica y de aplicacion sencilla, comparada con otras como: la instalacion de nuevos quemadores, la utilizacion de una tecnologia comercial para acondicionar los gases de combustion, etcetera
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Diego Marin, Antonio; Ocampo Barrera, Rene; Martinez Flores, Marco Antonio; Tamayo Flores, Gustavo Adolfo; Alarcon Quiroz, Ernesto [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1998-12-31
To diminish the problems caused by fuels in boilers such as abnormal soiling of heat interchange surfaces, decrease of thermal and combustion efficiencies and increment of pollutants it is proposed the utilization of fuel oil water emulsions. This technology process is described, its development and application in other countries is shown and mention is made of the experiences in this regard at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), as well as the perspectives this technology has in Mexico. In conclusion, the fuel oil water emulsion is an alternative that can help burning efficiently the fuel oil and so to contribute to fulfill with the limits established by the environmental regulations on pollutant emissions. The development of this technology is economical and of simple application, compared with others, such as the installation of new burners, the utilization of a commercial technology for flue gas conditioning, etcetera [Espanol] Para disminuir los problemas ocacionados por el combustoleo en las calderas como: ensuciamientos anormales de las superficies de intercambio de calor, disminucion de eficiencias termicas y de combustion e incremento de las emisiones, se propone la utilizacion de la emulsion de agua en combustoleo. Se describe el proceso de esta tecnologia, se muestra su desarrollo y aplicacion en otros paises y se mencionan las experiencias a este respecto en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), asi como las perspectivas que tiene esta tecnologia en Mexico. En conclusion, la emulsion de agua en combustoleo es una alternativa que puede ayudar a quemar eficientemente al combustoleo y asi contribuir a cumplir con los limites de emisiones que establecen normas ambientales. El desarrollo de esta tecnologia es economica y de aplicacion sencilla, comparada con otras como: la instalacion de nuevos quemadores, la utilizacion de una tecnologia comercial para acondicionar los gases de combustion, etcetera
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Industrial manufacturing of electric insulators; Fabricacion industrial de aisladores electricos
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Gonzalez, Lucia [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1988-12-31
Porcelain is the insulating material more extensively used for electric insulators manufacturing, due to its dielectric properties; nevertheless, it presents fragility problems of manufacture and of resistance to the thermal shock, among others. For this reason studies are being conducted for the substitution of porcelain in the electric insulators manufacturing. In this area, the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas developed an improved insulating formulation - the polymeric concrete- and an industrial prototype machine for the manufacture of high voltage electric insulators for outdoors use. [Espanol] La porcelana es el material aislante electrico mas utilizado en la elaboracion de aisladores electricos, debido a sus propiedades dielectricas; sin embargo, presenta problemas de fragilidad, de fabricacion y de baja resistencia al choque termico, entre otros. Es por ello que se realizan estudios para sustituir la porcelana en la fabricacion de aisladores electricos. En este campo, el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas desarrollo una formulacion aislante mejorada -el concreto polimerico- y una maquina prototipo industrial para fabricar aisladores electricos de alto voltaje para uso en exteriores.
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Submersible pumps: Energetic efficiency norm; Bombas sumergibles: norma de eficiencia energetica
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Acosta Torres, R. A.; Buendia Dominguez, E. H. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1997-12-31
The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), supporting the Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE), has prepared a preliminary project of the norm of energy efficiency for submersible pumps. This document has complied with the necessary formalities for the emission of the norm. This paper presents the results of the analysis of the submersible pumps, the energy savings, as well as the economic evaluation that sustains the norm project, additionally pointing out the environmental impact that will bring along the implantation of the same. [Espanol] El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), apoyando a la Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE), ha elaborado el anteproyecto de norma de eficiencia energetica para bombas sumergibles. Dicho documento ha cumplido con los tramites necesarios para la emision de una norma. En el presente articulo se mencionan los resultados del analisis de las bombas sumergibles, los ahorros energeticos, asi como la evaluacion economica que sustenta el proyecto de norma, indicandose ademas el impacto ambiental que tendra la implantacion de la misma.
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Submersible pumps: Energetic efficiency norm; Bombas sumergibles: norma de eficiencia energetica
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Acosta Torres, R A; Buendia Dominguez, E H [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1998-12-31
The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), supporting the Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE), has prepared a preliminary project of the norm of energy efficiency for submersible pumps. This document has complied with the necessary formalities for the emission of the norm. This paper presents the results of the analysis of the submersible pumps, the energy savings, as well as the economic evaluation that sustains the norm project, additionally pointing out the environmental impact that will bring along the implantation of the same. [Espanol] El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), apoyando a la Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE), ha elaborado el anteproyecto de norma de eficiencia energetica para bombas sumergibles. Dicho documento ha cumplido con los tramites necesarios para la emision de una norma. En el presente articulo se mencionan los resultados del analisis de las bombas sumergibles, los ahorros energeticos, asi como la evaluacion economica que sustenta el proyecto de norma, indicandose ademas el impacto ambiental que tendra la implantacion de la misma.
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Industrial manufacturing of electric insulators; Fabricacion industrial de aisladores electricos
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Gonzalez, Lucia [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1987-12-31
Porcelain is the insulating material more extensively used for electric insulators manufacturing, due to its dielectric properties; nevertheless, it presents fragility problems of manufacture and of resistance to the thermal shock, among others. For this reason studies are being conducted for the substitution of porcelain in the electric insulators manufacturing. In this area, the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas developed an improved insulating formulation - the polymeric concrete- and an industrial prototype machine for the manufacture of high voltage electric insulators for outdoors use. [Espanol] La porcelana es el material aislante electrico mas utilizado en la elaboracion de aisladores electricos, debido a sus propiedades dielectricas; sin embargo, presenta problemas de fragilidad, de fabricacion y de baja resistencia al choque termico, entre otros. Es por ello que se realizan estudios para sustituir la porcelana en la fabricacion de aisladores electricos. En este campo, el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas desarrollo una formulacion aislante mejorada -el concreto polimerico- y una maquina prototipo industrial para fabricar aisladores electricos de alto voltaje para uso en exteriores.
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Risk analysis in the chemical industry; Analisis de riesgos en la industria quimica
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rea Soto, Rogelio; Sandoval Valenzuela, Salvador [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)
2000-07-01
The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas has a group of risk analysis (GAR), specialized in the most advanced methodologies to apply them in diverse industries of the productive sector, such as the nuclear, the oil and the chemical industries. In this work the integrated methodology that the GAR uses to make risk analysis in the chemical and oil industries is described. These analyses have as an objective to make a meticulous evaluation of the system design, the operation practices, the maintenance and inspection policies and the emergency plans. [Spanish] El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas cuenta con un grupo de analisis de riesgo (GAR), especializado en las metodologias mas avanzadas para aplicarlas en diversas industrias del sector productivo, como lo son la nuclear, la petrolera y la quimica. En este trabajo se describe la metodologia integrada que el GAR utiliza para realizar analisis de riesgos en las industrias quimica y petrolera. Estos analisis tienen como objetivo realizar una minuciosa evaluacion del diseno del sistema, las practicas de operacion, las politicas de mantenimiento e inspeccion y los planes de emergencia.
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System programs design of motors; Sistema de programas de diseno de motores
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Diaz Gonzalez Palomas, Oscar; Ciprian Avila, Fernando [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1988-12-31
This paper describes the objective of creating the program system for induction motors design SIPRODIMO, its scope, its general characteristics, its structure and the results obtained with its application, as well as the service capacity developed by the Motors Area of the Instituto de Investigaciones Elctricas. [Espanol] En este articulo se describe el objetivo de crear el sistema de programas de diseno de motores de induccion, Siprodimo, su alcance, sus caracteristicas generales, su estructura y los resultados obtenidos con su aplicacion, asi como la capacidad de servicio desarrollada por el area de motores, del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Arreola Suarez, Alejandro [Hotel Club Marival, Nuevo Vallarta, Nayarit (Mexico)
2002-09-01
The projects for the energy saving in hotels represent a great opportunity to reduce the operation costs in the demand and consumption of electrical energy, since the existing facilities can take advantage of new technologies in illumination, air conditioning, refrigeration and heating. By their constitution, the hotels work the year around uninterruptedly and must provide all type of services to the guests and working personnel, which originates that they consume great amounts of energy in air conditioning, lightning, laundry, etc., since the prestige of the installation depends on it. [Spanish] Los proyectos para el ahorro de energia en hoteles representan una gran oportunidad para reducir costos de operacion en la demanda y consumo de energia electrica, ya que las instalaciones existentes pueden aprovechar nuevas tecnologias en iluminacion, aire acondicionado, refrigeracion y calefaccion. Por su constitucion, los hoteles trabajan ininterrumpidamente todo el ano y deben proporcionar toda clase de servicios a los huespedes y personal que labora, lo cual origina que consuman grandes cantidades de energia en aire acondicionado, iluminacion, lavanderia, etc., pues de ello depende el prestigio de la instalacion.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Bautista B, Amberto; Ocampo P, Carlos; Gutierrez A, Ruben; Madinaveitia V, Miguel [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1990-12-31
Upon the need of increasing the efficiency of the existing fossil power plants in Mexico, the Instrumentation and Control Department of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) designed and built a viscosity controller to enhance the fuel oil heating process. The system strategy, that allows the control either by temperature or viscosity considers, as an important element, the changing characteristics of the supplied fuels. The equipment that is utilized forms apart of the line Acquisition and Control System (ACS) developed at the same Institute, that has been successfully applied in other systems. [Espanol] Ante la necesidad de aumentar la eficiencia de las plantas termoelectricas existentes en Mexico, el Departamento de Instrumentacion y Control, del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), diseno y construyo un controlador de viscosidad para mejorar el proceso de calentamiento del aceite combustible. La estrategia del sistema, que permite controlar ya sea por viscosidad o por temperatura, considera como elemento importante las caracteristicas cambiantes de los combustibles suministrados. El equipo que se utiliza forma parte de la linea SAC (sistema de adquisicion y control), desarrollada en el mismo Instituto, que se ha aplicado satisfactoriamente en otros sistemas.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Bautista B, Amberto; Ocampo P, Carlos; Gutierrez A, Ruben; Madinaveitia V, Miguel [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1989-12-31
Upon the need of increasing the efficiency of the existing fossil power plants in Mexico, the Instrumentation and Control Department of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) designed and built a viscosity controller to enhance the fuel oil heating process. The system strategy, that allows the control either by temperature or viscosity considers, as an important element, the changing characteristics of the supplied fuels. The equipment that is utilized forms apart of the line Acquisition and Control System (ACS) developed at the same Institute, that has been successfully applied in other systems. [Espanol] Ante la necesidad de aumentar la eficiencia de las plantas termoelectricas existentes en Mexico, el Departamento de Instrumentacion y Control, del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), diseno y construyo un controlador de viscosidad para mejorar el proceso de calentamiento del aceite combustible. La estrategia del sistema, que permite controlar ya sea por viscosidad o por temperatura, considera como elemento importante las caracteristicas cambiantes de los combustibles suministrados. El equipo que se utiliza forma parte de la linea SAC (sistema de adquisicion y control), desarrollada en el mismo Instituto, que se ha aplicado satisfactoriamente en otros sistemas.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ruiz Neblina, Joaquin [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1988-12-31
In broad outlines the measuring and control techniques that are used in the electric equipment development in the short circuit laboratories, are described. In this article the utilization criteria of the traditional and modern (analogical and digital) instruments are described as well as the tendency towards the system`s integration for the automation of the measurement and control processes. Also, mention is made of the systems currently being developed at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) to be applied at the Short Circuit Laboratories of Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) and of the IIE. [Espanol] Se describen a grandes rasgos las tecnicas de medicion y control que se emplean para el desarrollo de equipos electricos en los laboratorios de corto circuito. En este articulo se describen los criterios de utilizacion de los instrumentos tradicionales y modernos (analogicos y digitales), asi como la tendencia hacia la integracion de sistemas para la automatizacion de los procesos de medicion y control. Tambien se mencionan los sistemas que actualmente se desarrollan en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) para aplicarlos en los Laboratorios de Corto Circuito de la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) y del Instituto.
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Turbomachinery; Turbomaquinaria
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rivas, Elena [ed.] [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)
1999-07-01
The fossil fuel power stations have a large number of rotary equipment that faces diverse problems that do necessary to improve the present practices of operation and maintenance. In this article are presented the main systems that the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) offers nowadays for the predictive maintenance of rotary equipment in fossil fuel power plants developed by the Management of Turbomachinery. The systems that are described are: the Portable one, the SICAD (Computerized System for Dynamic Analysis), the SMC (Continuous Monitoring System) and finally the SIMPER (Computer Information System for the Predictive Maintenance of Rotary Equipment) [Spanish] Las centrales termoelectricas cuentan con una gran cantidad de equipo rotatorio que enfrenta diversos problemas que hacen necesario mejorar las practicas actuales de operacion y mantenimiento. En este articulo se presentan los principales sistemas que ofrece actualmente el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) para el mantenimiento predictivo de equipos rotatorios en centrales termoelectricas desarrollados en la Gerencia de Turbomaquinaria. Los sistemas que se describen son; el Portil, el Sicad ( Sistema Computarizado para Analisis Dinamico), el SMC ( Sistema de Monitoreo Continuo) y por ultimo el SIMPER (Sistema Informatico para el mantenimiento Predictivo de Equipo Rotatorio)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ruiz Neblina, Joaquin [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1987-12-31
In broad outlines the measuring and control techniques that are used in the electric equipment development in the short circuit laboratories, are described. In this article the utilization criteria of the traditional and modern (analogical and digital) instruments are described as well as the tendency towards the system`s integration for the automation of the measurement and control processes. Also, mention is made of the systems currently being developed at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) to be applied at the Short Circuit Laboratories of Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) and of the IIE. [Espanol] Se describen a grandes rasgos las tecnicas de medicion y control que se emplean para el desarrollo de equipos electricos en los laboratorios de corto circuito. En este articulo se describen los criterios de utilizacion de los instrumentos tradicionales y modernos (analogicos y digitales), asi como la tendencia hacia la integracion de sistemas para la automatizacion de los procesos de medicion y control. Tambien se mencionan los sistemas que actualmente se desarrollan en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) para aplicarlos en los Laboratorios de Corto Circuito de la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) y del Instituto.
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Díaz Narváez, Víctor Patricio
2014-01-01
El objeto de este trabajo es analizar las corrientes epistemológicas del positivismo, neopositivismo, las investigaciones cuantitativas y cualitativas asociadas al concepto de ciencia como sistema, y cómo estas corrientes confunden los métodos específicos de las ciencias particulares con las "investigaciones cuantitativas". Se analiza la falsa disyuntiva entre el tipo de investigaciones antes descritas. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current epistemological positivism, logical...
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Buendia Dominguez, Eduardo H. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico); De Buen Rodriguez, Odon [Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de la Energia, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1998-12-31
Considering the new legal frame on cogeneration in Mexico, the possibility of heat and electricity supply required by the sugar mills to be made by an independent cogenerator of the sugar mill, operating with the sugar cane bagasse and agricultural sugar cane wastes, has been evaluated. Such modern cogenerator would be characterized, besides operating in an independent way of the sugar mill, by the use of high efficiency equipment in its process of heat and electricity generation. In this sense the Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) through its Coordination Program and the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) carried out a joint project to determine the technical and economical viability that the sugar industry maintains the present sugar production without the need of burning fuel oil, installing adjacent to every sugar mill, a modern cogeneration system, operated by independent producers, that using sugar cane bagasse and agricultural sugar cane wastes, allows the supply of all the steam and electricity required by the sugar mill, and additionally can add firm capacity and the supply of electric power to the national grid, during the grinding season as well as out of grinding season. [Espanol] En consideracion al nuevo marco juridico de la cogeneracion en Mexico se ha evaluado la posibilidad de que el suministro de calor y electricidad requerido por los ingenios azucareros sea proporcionado por un cogenerador independiente de la planta de azucar, el cual opere utilizando el bagazo y residuos agricolas caneras (biomasa canera). Dicho cogenerador moderno se caracterizaria, ademas de operar de manera independiente a la planta de azucar, por el uso de equipos de alta eficiencia en su proceso de produccion de calor y electricidad. En este sentido la Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) a traves de la Coordinacion de Programacion y el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) realizaron un trabajo en conjunto para determinar
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Buendia Dominguez, Eduardo H [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico); De Buen Rodriguez, Odon [Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de la Energia, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1999-12-31
Considering the new legal frame on cogeneration in Mexico, the possibility of heat and electricity supply required by the sugar mills to be made by an independent cogenerator of the sugar mill, operating with the sugar cane bagasse and agricultural sugar cane wastes, has been evaluated. Such modern cogenerator would be characterized, besides operating in an independent way of the sugar mill, by the use of high efficiency equipment in its process of heat and electricity generation. In this sense the Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) through its Coordination Program and the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) carried out a joint project to determine the technical and economical viability that the sugar industry maintains the present sugar production without the need of burning fuel oil, installing adjacent to every sugar mill, a modern cogeneration system, operated by independent producers, that using sugar cane bagasse and agricultural sugar cane wastes, allows the supply of all the steam and electricity required by the sugar mill, and additionally can add firm capacity and the supply of electric power to the national grid, during the grinding season as well as out of grinding season. [Espanol] En consideracion al nuevo marco juridico de la cogeneracion en Mexico se ha evaluado la posibilidad de que el suministro de calor y electricidad requerido por los ingenios azucareros sea proporcionado por un cogenerador independiente de la planta de azucar, el cual opere utilizando el bagazo y residuos agricolas caneras (biomasa canera). Dicho cogenerador moderno se caracterizaria, ademas de operar de manera independiente a la planta de azucar, por el uso de equipos de alta eficiencia en su proceso de produccion de calor y electricidad. En este sentido la Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) a traves de la Coordinacion de Programacion y el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) realizaron un trabajo en conjunto para determinar
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1992-11-01
Once again the Sociedad Nuclear Mexicana fulfill its annual Congress being this time the installations of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas the place for the event with a collection of forty documents in the following areas: modelling of nuclear systems, expert systems, dosimetry, experimentation and fuel cycle among others. This significant number of papers is a sample of the great interest of the nuclear community in the participation in this forum presenting its more recent works. The participants belongs to the main institutions in the country dedicated to the technological development of the nuclear area in its different branches. Our best wishes are that this event allows not only the exchange of ideas and the knowledge of the type of works that other colleagues are developing, but also to present the opportunity to live together in a pleasant environment where the main ingredient be the surmounting spirit. We welcome all the participants to the Third Congress of our Society. (Author).
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Papers of the Third Annual Congress of the Mexican Nuclear Society, C.A
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
1992-11-01
Once again the Sociedad Nuclear Mexicana fulfill its annual Congress being this time the installations of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas the place for the event with a collection of forty documents in the following areas: modelling of nuclear systems, expert systems, dosimetry, experimentation and fuel cycle among others. This significant number of papers is a sample of the great interest of the nuclear community in the participation in this forum presenting its more recent works. The participants belongs to the main institutions in the country dedicated to the technological development of the nuclear area in its different branches. Our best wishes are that this event allows not only the exchange of ideas and the knowledge of the type of works that other colleagues are developing, but also to present the opportunity to live together in a pleasant environment where the main ingredient be the surmounting spirit. We welcome all the participants to the Third Congress of our Society. (Author)
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El aprendizaje significativo en las ciencias al participar en proyectos de investigacion cientifica
Mora Polanco, Miguelena
La ciencia es el eje fundamental a traves del cual se desarrollan las habilidades necesarias para el pensar cientifico que va a la busqueda del conocimiento cientifico. La intencion de este estudio fue indagar en el tema de investigacion cientifica desde el punto de vista de los participantes en los siguientes aspectos relacionados con la experiencia de investigacion cientifica: a) conceptos, b) proceso, c) destrezas y d) disposicion. Tambien se analizaron: a) las perspectivas del metodo cientifico, b) la estrategia de ensenanza, c) la cultura cientifica y d) la exposicion del proyecto investigativo en la Feria Cientifica; como parte del aprendizaje significativo de la ciencias de los participantes. Esta investigacion cualitativa propuso como diseno el estudio de caso. Los aspectos relacionados a la experiencia de participar en proyecto de investigacion cientifica son el fenomeno o caso bajo estudio. En el estudio participaron cinco (5) estudiantes egresados de escuela publica o privada que cursaban hasta el tercer ano de estudios universitarios, conducentes a un bachillerato en educacion secundaria en ciencias o en ciencias naturales. Las tecnicas utilizadas para recopilar los datos fueron: analisis de documentos del DEPR, revision de artefactos y entrevistas profundas. Para el analisis de los datos de las entrevistas se utilizo el modelo de Wolcott (1994). Del analisis de documentos del DEPR se identificaron areas a mejorar en las guias de las cartas circulares con relacion a la investigacion escolar y la feria cientifica. El analisis de los artefactos proveyo evidencia de como los internados, simposios e investigaciones fomentan el que los estudiantes se superen en el aspecto cognitivo, se conviertan en creadores del conocimiento, al hacer suyo los conceptos para poder explicarlos al publico. De las entrevistas los participantes manifestaron que la experiencia de investigacion fue una de aprendizaje significativo que los marco para toda la vida y les expandio su
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Standardization for electric energy saving; Normalizacion para el ahorro de energia electrica
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Reyes Diaz, Arturo [Fideicomiso de Apoyo al Programa de Ahorro de Energia del Sector Electrico (FIDE), Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1994-12-31
This work describes shortly the current legislation on the standardization; as well as the participation of the entities Fideicomiso de Apoyo al Programa de Ahorro de Energia del Sector Electrico (FIDE) and Programa de Ahorro de Energia (PAESE) in the consulting committees, for the elaboration of the Mexican official standards focussed to electric power saving. [Espanol] El presente trabajo, describe brevemente la legislacion actual sobre la normalizacion; asi como la participacion de las entidades Fideicomiso de Apoyo al Programa de Ahorro de Energia del Sector Electrico (FIDE) y Programa de ahorro de Energia (PAESE) en los comites consultivos, para la elaboracion de normas oficiales mexicanas enfocadas al ahorro de energia electrica.
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Standardization for electric energy saving; Normalizacion para el ahorro de energia electrica
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Reyes Diaz, Arturo [Fideicomiso de Apoyo al Programa de Ahorro de Energia del Sector Electrico (FIDE), Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1993-12-31
This work describes shortly the current legislation on the standardization; as well as the participation of the entities Fideicomiso de Apoyo al Programa de Ahorro de Energia del Sector Electrico (FIDE) and Programa de Ahorro de Energia (PAESE) in the consulting committees, for the elaboration of the Mexican official standards focussed to electric power saving. [Espanol] El presente trabajo, describe brevemente la legislacion actual sobre la normalizacion; asi como la participacion de las entidades Fideicomiso de Apoyo al Programa de Ahorro de Energia del Sector Electrico (FIDE) y Programa de ahorro de Energia (PAESE) en los comites consultivos, para la elaboracion de normas oficiales mexicanas enfocadas al ahorro de energia electrica.
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The electric tariff in the residential sector; Tarificacion electrica en el sector residencial
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sheinbaum Pardo, Claudia [Instituto de Ingenieria, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1997-12-31
The main objective of this paper is to make an historical revision and analyze the current condition of the electric tariffs in the Mexican residential sector and ask ourselves if the equalization of tariffs generates the possibility that the entire population has access to the electricity service. The document is divided into three parts. The first one presents the history and the tendencies of the tariffs in the domestic sector in Mexico since 1973 until 1996 and the current tariff structure. The second one describes the characteristics of the residential users and mention is made of how the increment of the electric tariffs would affect the various population sectors. The last part of this paper presents some tariff criteria, that take into account energy conservation measures [Espanol] El objetivo principal de este trabajo es hacer una revision historica y analizar la situacion actual de las tarifas electricas en el sector residencial mexicano y preguntarnos si la igualdad de tarifas genera la posibilidad de que toda la poblacion tenga acceso al servicio electrico. El documento se divide en tres partes. La primera presenta la historia y tendencias de las tarifas del sector domestico en Mexico desde 1973 hasta 1996 y la estructura tarifaria actual. La segunda describe las caracteristicas de los usuarios residenciales y se menciona como afectaria el incremento de las tarifas electricas a los distintos sectores de la poblacion. La ultima parte de este trabajo presenta algunos criterios de tarificacion, que toman en cuenta medidas de ahorro de energia
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Violencia en el trabajo: investigaciones realizadas en Colombia
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
José Gabriel Carvajal Orozco
2013-12-01
Full Text Available El propósito de esta ponencia es mostrar los resultados de una exploración bibliográfica concerniente a las investigaciones llevadas a cabo en los últimos diez años, sobre el tema de la violencia en el lugar de trabajo. Se consultaron 16 artículos –5 empíricos, 11 teóricos–, publicados en revistas científicas colombianas, en universidades públicas y privadas, en instituciones gubernamentales y en bases de datos académicas. La ponencia está estructurada en tres partes: la primera presenta los aspectos metodológicos; la segunda expone los resultados de la exploración, donde se muestran las problemáticas que se han abordado en las investigaciones sobre violencia en el trabajo, y la tercera y última parte contiene las conclusiones acerca de los resultados obtenidos.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Cano C, Ulises; Arriaga H, Gerardo; Romero C, T; Medrano V, M. Consolacion; Gonzalez, A. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2005-07-01
In April, 2001, a fuel cells project was initiated at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) as a part of the interest of this institution for such a technology. Towards end of that same year, a group dedicated to research and development (R and D) activities was implemented and efforts were initiated for the assembly of a laboratory with specialized infrastructure that would support these activities. Thus, in the last two years, the hydrogen and fuel cells group has taken under its responsibility the task of renewing and conditioning a space to receive specialized instrumentation and to initiate its operation, as well as to develop its own knowledge on the technology of fuel cells. The R and D work related to fuel cells was initiated from basic electrochemical studies of platinum electrodes on vitreous coal in acid solutions, to determine kinetic parameters and structural properties. Since the main components of PEM cells to a great extent define the cost of the technology, other additional efforts related to basic studies for the development of components as bipolar plates, are described by the same author in 2001. Other work on basic research is bound to the response of fuel monocells under different operation conditions, and that also will be reviewed in this article. [Spanish] En abril del 2001, se inicio un proyecto de celdas de combustible en el IIE como parte del interes de esta institucion por tal tecnologia. Hacia finales de ese mismo ano, se conformo un grupo dedicado a actividades de investigacion y desarrollo (I y D) y se iniciaron esfuerzos para el montaje de un laboratorio con infraestructura especializada que apoyara estas actividades. Asi, en los ultimos dos anos, el grupo de hidrogeno y celdas de combustible se ha dado a la tarea de renovar y acondicionar un espacio para recibir instrumentacion especializada e iniciar su operacion, asi como a desarrollar su propio conocimiento de tecnologia de celdas de combustible. Los trabajos de I y
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1975-11-15
Mexican Institute de Investigaciones de la Industria Electrica is actively participating. The program is itself a part of a natural resources study in...brtlan de Los Hervores geothermax area. Michoacan. Mexico. IN: ibid., v. 2, pt. 1, 381-398. 215. Mercado , S. Hißh activ.dy...indiciated that in the volcanic environment of the Taupo graben the most useful technique is de -resistivity profiling using linear arrays. 58
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
1982-01-01
The Spanish mining industry and the work of the organizations AITEMIN (Asociacion de Investigacion Tecnologica de Equipos Mineros), Laboratorio Oficial J.M. Madariaga, Instituto Geologico y Minero de Espana and Empresa Nacional Adaro de Investigaciones Mineras S.A. are described. A list of firms which are members of AITEMIN or SERCOBE (Asociacion Nacional de Fabricantes de Bienes de Equipo) is given. For each firm, the address and equipment manufactured is included.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Garcia Gutierrez, Jose [Comision Federal de Electricidad, Mexico (Mexico)
2007-06-15
In this presentation, there are shown the details of the photovoltaic systems interconnected with the electric network (SFVI), carried out by the Mexico's Federal Electricity Commission (CFE) with the support of the Mexican Electric Research Institute (IIE). First of all, there are found the objectives of the photovoltaic system interconnected to the electric network (SFVI). Then, there are mentioned the places where such sort of systems could be installed; besides, it is shown a diagram explaining the process of such systems. At the same time, there are briefly explained the components that are necessaries for their properly operation. Some of the elements previously mentioned are: photovoltaic generator (GFV), inverter, interface, and logic circuits and the control. It is shown a diagram with the location of the electrical disconnect switches. Then, it is shortly explained the place where the SFVI should be connected and there are given some requisites that are important to fulfill in order to have everything updated. Finally, it is mentioned the methodology that should be followed in order to supervise that everything works in a properly way, this last issue is carried out by CFE. [Spanish] En esta presentacion se presentan los pormenores del sistema fotovoltaico interconectado a la red (SFVI), realizado por la Comision federal de Electricidad (CFE) con apoyo del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). En primer lugar, se encuentran los objetivos que tiene el uso de SFVI. Enseguida, se muestra un diagrama que explica el proceso que dichos sistemas realizan. Asimismo, se explican brevemente los elementos que, de uno u otro modo, son necesarios para el adecuado funcionamiento del SFV. Ademas, se muestra un diagrama con la ubicacion de los interruptores de desconexion. Luego, se explica escuetamente el lugar donde se debe de conectar el SFVI, ademas de algunas condiciones que se deben de cumplir para que no haya mayores contratiempos. Finalmente, se
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Institucional: Instituto de Investigaciones Administrativas
Revista Institucional de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas
2010-01-01
El Instituto de Investigaciones Administrativas se creó en el año 1958 bajo el auspicio de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Durante quince años estuvo bajo la dirección de quien promovió con mayor énfasis los estudios de administración en la Universidad Nacional de la Plata, el Profesor Pedro Delfino. Actualmente dirige el Instituto el Lic. Norberto Góngora con la Secretaría Técnica de la Lic. Gabriela Mollo y cuenta con 11 investigadores. El objetivo...
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Acosta Torres, R.A.; Buendia Dominguez, E.H. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1995-12-31
The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), supporting the Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) has prepared the preliminary project of the norm of energetic efficiency for pumping systems, specifically for the agricultural sector. This document has complied with the necessary formalities for the issue of a norm and is about to be published as a Mexican Official Norm of energetic efficiency. In this paper mention is made of the results in the analysis of the pumping systems in operation, the energy saving, as well as the economic evaluation that sustain the norm project, indicating besides the environmental impact that its implantation will have. [Espanol] El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) apoyando a la Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) ha elaborado el anteproyecto de norma de eficiencia energetica en sistemas de bombeo, especificamente para el sector agricola. Dicho documento ha cumplido con los tramites necesarios para la emision de una norma, y esta proximo a publicarse como norma oficial mexicana de eficiencia energetica. En el presente articulo se mencionan los resultados del analisis de los sistemas de bombeo en operacion, los ahorros energeticos, asi como la evaluacion economica que sustenta el proyecto de norma, indicandose ademas el impacto ambiental que tendra la implantacion de la misma.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Acosta Torres, R A; Buendia Dominguez, E H [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1996-12-31
The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), supporting the Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) has prepared the preliminary project of the norm of energetic efficiency for pumping systems, specifically for the agricultural sector. This document has complied with the necessary formalities for the issue of a norm and is about to be published as a Mexican Official Norm of energetic efficiency. In this paper mention is made of the results in the analysis of the pumping systems in operation, the energy saving, as well as the economic evaluation that sustain the norm project, indicating besides the environmental impact that its implantation will have. [Espanol] El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) apoyando a la Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) ha elaborado el anteproyecto de norma de eficiencia energetica en sistemas de bombeo, especificamente para el sector agricola. Dicho documento ha cumplido con los tramites necesarios para la emision de una norma, y esta proximo a publicarse como norma oficial mexicana de eficiencia energetica. En el presente articulo se mencionan los resultados del analisis de los sistemas de bombeo en operacion, los ahorros energeticos, asi como la evaluacion economica que sustenta el proyecto de norma, indicandose ademas el impacto ambiental que tendra la implantacion de la misma.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Malacara Toral, Manuel; Ruiz Neblina, Joaquin [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1993-12-31
A description is made of an energy evaluation study on electric domestic refrigerators carried out by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), in its strategy for diminishing the energy consumption through the design enhancement, the manufacture, the operation and the standardization of the electric appliances. In order to initiate the evaluation-standardization process, the Mexican (NOM), the American (ANSI/AHAM) and the Canadian (CAN/CSA) standards were taken as a base to harmonize the procedures and the parameters of the tests. The energy assessment demonstrated that there are significant differences among the standards encompassed by the study, therefore, recommendations were made for the harmonization of the standards. [Espanol] Se describe un estudio de evaluacion energetica sobre refrigeradores electrodomesticos realizado en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) dentro de la estrategia para disminuir los consumos de energia a traves de mejoras en el diseno, la manufactura, la operacion y la normalizacion de equipos electricos. Se tomo como base las normas mexicanas (NOM), americana (ANSI/AHAM) y canadiense (CAN/CSA) para iniciar el proceso de evaluacion-normalizacion a fin de armonizar los procedimientos y parametros de las pruebas. La evaluacion energetica demostro que existen diferencias significativas entre las normas que abarco el estudio por lo que se presentan recomendaciones para la armonizacion de las normas.
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Non-destructive testing; Examenes no destructivos
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Calva, Mauricio; Loske, Achim [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1988-12-31
The application of non-destructive testing (NDT) in several technical and industrial fields is pointed out, standing out its utilization in the detection of future failures without affecting the examined element. Likewise, the different types of NDTs and their processes, such as x-rays, ultrasoud, magnetic particles, induced currents, penetrating fluids, and optical means, are described. The Non-Destructive Tests Laboratory of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), plans to create new and more reliable systems independent from the operator`s capacity, to contribute to fulfill the inspection and quality control needs of the generating Mexican power plants. [Espanol] Se senala la aplicacion de los examenes no destructivos (END) a diversos campos tecnicos e industriales, destacando su utilizacion en la deteccion de futuras fallas sin afectar el elemento examinado. Asimismo, se describen los diferentes tipos de END y sus procesos, tales como radiografia, ultrasonido, particulas magneticas, corrientes inducidas, liquidos penetrantes y metodos opticos. El Laboratorio de Pruebas no Destructivas, del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), planea crear sistemas novedosos mas confiables, que no dependan de la capacidad del operador, para contribuir a satisfacer las necesidades de inspeccion y control de calidad que se presentan en las plantas generadoras de energia mexicanas.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Carvajal, Francisco Antonio; Ramirez, Jose Manuel; Arcos, Luis Fernando [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)
1999-07-01
The induction motors of low, medium and high voltage are the electrical equipment of greatest application in industry. The importance which they have in the different productive processes does necessary to assure its operative continuity. The anticipated detection of a possible cause of fault allows to plan, with maintenance aims, the programmed removal of the motor. In this article are presented the results of the activities nowadays performed by Management of Electrical Equipment of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) for the development and application of online diagnosis techniques for induction motors up to 13.8 kV. [Spanish] Los motores de induccion de baja, mediana y alta tension son los equipos eletricos de mayor aplicacion en la industria. La importancia que tienen en los diferentes procesos productivos hace necesario asegurar su continuidad operativa. La deteccion anticipada de una posible causa de falla permite planear, con fines de mantenimiento, la remocion programada del motor. En este articulo se presentan los resultados de las actividades que realiza actualmente la Gerencia de equipos Electricos del Instituto de investigaciones Electricas (IIE) para el desarrollo y la aplicacion de tecnicas de diagnostico en linea para motores de induccion de hasta 13.8 kV.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Acosta Torres, Rosa Aracely; Buendia Dominguez, Eduardo H. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1996-12-31
The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) supporting the Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) (National Commission for Energy Saving) developed the project of a standard on energy efficiency of vertical pumps, turbine type with external motor. This documents has fulfilled the necessary formalities for the issuing of a norm, being published the Mexican Official Norm (NOM-001-ENER-1995) on December 22, 1995. This article relates the results of the study for the elaboration of this norm, considering the energy saving, as well as the economic evaluation that supports the project of the norm, indicating also the environmental impact that its implantation will have. [Espanol] El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) apoyando a la Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) elaboro el anteproyecto de norma de eficiencia energetica en bombas verticales tipo turbina con motor externo. Dicho documento ha cumplido con los tramites necesarios para la emision de una norma, habiendose publicado como Norma Oficial Mexicana (NOM-001-ENER-1995) el 22 de diciembre de 1995. En el presente articulo se mencionan los resultados del estudio para la realizacion de esta norma, considerando los ahorros energeticos, asi como la evaluacion economica que sustenta el proyecto de norma, indicando tambien el impacto ambiental que tendra su implantacion.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Carrisoza B, Vicente; Bernal M, Hector M [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico); Cortazar F, Segio [Petroleos Mexicanos (Mexico)
2002-07-01
The Management of Supervision of Processes (GSP) in collaboration with the Management of Control and Instrumentation (GCI) of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), has developed a system able to respond in a opportune and coordinated way to the attention and handling of emergencies, optimization of the number of reports and its content, reduction of the time in which the reports of industrial security and environmental protection arrive at their destiny, diminution of the manual process in the elaboration of reports and information and, finally, able to automatically calculate the associated performance indicators related to the efficiency of actions in each one the involved areas. [Spanish] La Gerencia de Supervision de Procesos (GSP) en colaboracion con la Gerencia de Control e Instrumentacion (GCI) del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), ha desarrollado un sistema capaz de responder de manera oportuna y coordinada a la atencion y manejo de emergencias, optimizacion del numero de reportes y su contenido, reduccion del tiempo en que los reportes de seguridad industrial y proteccion ambiental llegan a su destino, disminucion del proceso manual en la elaboracion de reportes e informes y, finalmente, capaz de calcular automaticamente los indicadores de desempeno asociados a la eficiencia de las acciones en cada una las areas involucradas.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Acosta Torres, Rosa Aracely; Buendia Dominguez, Eduardo H [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1997-12-31
The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) supporting the Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) (National Commission for Energy Saving) developed the project of a standard on energy efficiency of vertical pumps, turbine type with external motor. This documents has fulfilled the necessary formalities for the issuing of a norm, being published the Mexican Official Norm (NOM-001-ENER-1995) on December 22, 1995. This article relates the results of the study for the elaboration of this norm, considering the energy saving, as well as the economic evaluation that supports the project of the norm, indicating also the environmental impact that its implantation will have. [Espanol] El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) apoyando a la Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) elaboro el anteproyecto de norma de eficiencia energetica en bombas verticales tipo turbina con motor externo. Dicho documento ha cumplido con los tramites necesarios para la emision de una norma, habiendose publicado como Norma Oficial Mexicana (NOM-001-ENER-1995) el 22 de diciembre de 1995. En el presente articulo se mencionan los resultados del estudio para la realizacion de esta norma, considerando los ahorros energeticos, asi como la evaluacion economica que sustenta el proyecto de norma, indicando tambien el impacto ambiental que tendra su implantacion.
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Non-destructive testing; Examenes no destructivos
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Calva, Mauricio; Loske, Achim [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1987-12-31
The application of non-destructive testing (NDT) in several technical and industrial fields is pointed out, standing out its utilization in the detection of future failures without affecting the examined element. Likewise, the different types of NDTs and their processes, such as x-rays, ultrasoud, magnetic particles, induced currents, penetrating fluids, and optical means, are described. The Non-Destructive Tests Laboratory of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), plans to create new and more reliable systems independent from the operator`s capacity, to contribute to fulfill the inspection and quality control needs of the generating Mexican power plants. [Espanol] Se senala la aplicacion de los examenes no destructivos (END) a diversos campos tecnicos e industriales, destacando su utilizacion en la deteccion de futuras fallas sin afectar el elemento examinado. Asimismo, se describen los diferentes tipos de END y sus procesos, tales como radiografia, ultrasonido, particulas magneticas, corrientes inducidas, liquidos penetrantes y metodos opticos. El Laboratorio de Pruebas no Destructivas, del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), planea crear sistemas novedosos mas confiables, que no dependan de la capacidad del operador, para contribuir a satisfacer las necesidades de inspeccion y control de calidad que se presentan en las plantas generadoras de energia mexicanas.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Malacara Toral, Manuel; Ruiz Neblina, Joaquin [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1992-12-31
A description is made of an energy evaluation study on electric domestic refrigerators carried out by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), in its strategy for diminishing the energy consumption through the design enhancement, the manufacture, the operation and the standardization of the electric appliances. In order to initiate the evaluation-standardization process, the Mexican (NOM), the American (ANSI/AHAM) and the Canadian (CAN/CSA) standards were taken as a base to harmonize the procedures and the parameters of the tests. The energy assessment demonstrated that there are significant differences among the standards encompassed by the study, therefore, recommendations were made for the harmonization of the standards. [Espanol] Se describe un estudio de evaluacion energetica sobre refrigeradores electrodomesticos realizado en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) dentro de la estrategia para disminuir los consumos de energia a traves de mejoras en el diseno, la manufactura, la operacion y la normalizacion de equipos electricos. Se tomo como base las normas mexicanas (NOM), americana (ANSI/AHAM) y canadiense (CAN/CSA) para iniciar el proceso de evaluacion-normalizacion a fin de armonizar los procedimientos y parametros de las pruebas. La evaluacion energetica demostro que existen diferencias significativas entre las normas que abarco el estudio por lo que se presentan recomendaciones para la armonizacion de las normas.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rivas, Elena [ed.; Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)
1999-07-01
The development of a software that has facilitated and improved considerably the planning tasks, besides diminishing the production costs is presented. The software denominated Hydrothermal Coordination (HTC)(Coordinacion Hidrotermica (CHT)), was developed in the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), with this software the plan of short term operation of the generating units is determined. The software analyzes mathematically a great number of options regarding to the allocation of generation units and selects very close solutions, in cost, to the optimal one. It constitutes in addition an information system that stores the relevant data of each unit, useful for decision making. [Spanish] Se presenta el desarrollo de un software que ha facilitado y mejorado considerablemente las tareas de planeacion, ademas de disminuir los costos de produccion. El paquete denominado Coordinacion Hidrotermica (CHT), fue desarrollado en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE); con el se determina el plan de operacion a corto plazo de las unidades generadoras. El paquete analiza matematicamente un gran numero de opciones en lo que se refiere a la asignacion de unidades de generacion y selecciona soluciones muy cercanas, en costo, a la optima. Constituye ademas un sistema de informacion que almacena los datos relevantes de cada unidad, utiles para la toma de decisiones.
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Residual magnetic field in rotary machines; Campo magnetico residual en maquinas rotatorias
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Gonzalez V, Esteban A; Apanco R, Marcelino [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2007-07-01
The residual magnetism is a phenomenon in which the magnetic dipoles of a substance are oriented in a certain degree. On the other hand, when internal forces exist capable of aligning elementary magnetic dipoles of a material, a permanent magnet is obtained. Just as in a conductor or in a material, in the elements of a rotary electrical machine magnetic fields can be induced that produce a residual magnetism or magnetization. In the rotary electrical machines, the magnetization phenomenon causes serious problems, such as the generation of induced currents that propitiate the mechanical wear in bearings, collars, trunnions and inclusive in the shaft, by effects known as pitting, frosting and spark tracks, as well as erroneous readings in vibration and temperature sensors, that in some cases can cause the shut down of the machine. In this article are presented the general concepts on the residual magnetism in rotary electrical machines, the causes that originate it and the problems that arises, as well as the demagnetization of the components that have residual magnetic field. The results obtained by the area of Electrical Equipment of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas are revised, during the execution of activities related to the measurement and elimination of the residual magnetic field in rotary electrical machines. [Spanish] El magnetismo residual es un fenomeno en el que los dipolos magneticos de una sustancia se encuentran orientados en un grado determinado. Por otro lado, cuando existen fuerzas internas capaces de alinear los dipolos magneticos elementales de un material, se tiene un iman permanente. Al igual que en un conductor o un material, en los elementos de una maquina electrica rotatoria se pueden inducir campos magneticos que producen un magnetismo residual o magnetizacion. En las maquinas electricas rotatorias, el fenomeno de magnetizacion causa graves problemas, como la generacion de corrientes inducidas que propician el desgaste mecanico
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sarti Fernandez, F.
2011-07-01
It's getting parameters of time, yields and products obtained, in order to have an objective reference to the possible application of this technique to substations of Red Electrica Espanola (REE).
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Picazo Blanquel, Cuitlahuac; Chairez Campos Carlos; Garcia Hernandez, Joaquin; Godinez Enriquez, Hebert; Poujol Galvan, Francisco C.; Suarez Cerda, Dionisio A. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico); Villalobos Ramos, Andres; LLamas Gonzalez, Rosa E. [Comision Federal de Electricidad (Mexico); Samitier Otero, Carlos [Global Networking Engineering (Spain)
2010-07-01
In this article is presented a case of study of automation of electrical substations of Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) of Mexico, in which the Norm IEC-61850 has been taken as reference. The case of study consists of defining a metaspecification for the protection, control, measurement and communication systems required by the substations of electrical distribution. For the development the obtained previous experience in the development of a bequeathed system SA, norm IEC61850 has been taken as reference, as well as the experiences documented in the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) and Global Networking Engineering (GNE), Spain. This way, the obtained result is the metaspecification, which establishes the application of the control, protective equipment and measurement under the interoperability concepts, as well as the automation functions of substations applied in the intelligent networks (REI's). The methodology put into practice includes the design of the system architecture (SAS), the operation philosophy, the topology of the communications network, the data modeling one with logical nodes that include data types and classes of common data (CDC), transference of information, and administration of the archives ICD, SSD, SCD, and CID. [Spanish] En este articulo se presenta un caso de estudio de automatizacion de subestaciones electricas de la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) de Mexico, en el cual se ha tomado como referencia la norma IEC-61850. El caso de estudio consiste en definir una metaespecificacion para los sistemas proteccion, control, medicion y comunicaciones requeridos por las subestaciones de distribucion electrica. Para el desarrollo se ha tomado como referencia la experiencia previa obtenida en el desarrollo de un sistema SA legado, la norma IEC61850, asi como las experiencias documentadas en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), la Comision Federal de
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rosales Sedano, Inocente; Lopez Velazquez, Juan Jose; Garcia Paredes, Job; Robles Pimentel, Edgar [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico); Garcia Alvarez, David; Guzman Camacho, Benigno [Petroleos Mexicanos (Mexico)
2000-07-01
The large industrial centers that have continuous production processes and consume high amounts of electrical energy, generally have their own power generation. The petrochemical complexes, the paper and steel factories and the sugar mills are examples of this type of centers. On the other hand, the new regulation for the generation of electrical energy that allows to the electrical energy interchange between private companies and the public network, has originated the necessity of connecting systems that formerly operated isolated. Since the original design of the isolated electrical systems was to operate in an independent form, making the interconnection can generate technical problems that must be analyzed and solved. In this paper, some experiences related with the behavior of electrical equipment when connected to operate with the public network, are presented. [Spanish] Los grandes centros industriales que tienen procesos de produccion continua y consumen altas cantidades de energia electrica, generalmente cuentan con generacion propia. Los complejos petroquimicos, las fabricas de papel y acero y los ingenios azucareros son ejemplos de este tipo de centros. Por otro lado, la nueva reglamentacion de generacion de energia electrica que permite el intercambio de energia electrica entre las companias privadas y la red publica, ha originado la necesidad de conectar sistemas que antes operaban aislados. Debido a que el diseno original de los sistemas electricos aislados fue trabajar en forma independiente, el realizar la interconexion puede generar problemas tecnicos que tienen que analizarse y resolverse. En este articulo, se presentan algunas experiencias relacionadas con el comportamiento del equipo electrico al operar conectado con la red publica.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Torrelles Rivas, L.F [Universidad Nacional Experimental Politecnica: Antonio Jose de Sucre (UNEXPO), Guayana, Bolivar (Venezuela)]. E-mail: torrellesluis@gmail.com; Alvarez, P. [Petroleos de Venezuela S.A (PDVSA), Maturin, Monagas (Venezuela)]. E-mail: alvarezph@pdvsa.com
2013-03-15
The present work proposes a methodology for evaluating grounding systems in electrical substations from medium and high voltage, in order to diagnose the state of the elements of the grounding system and the corresponding electrical variables. The assessment methodology developed includes a visual inspection phase to the elements of the substation. Then, by performing measurements and data analysis, the electrical continuity between the components of the substation and the mesh ground is verified, the soil resistivity and resistance of the mesh. Also included in the methodology the calculation of the step and touch voltage of the substation, based on the criteria of the International IEEE standards. We study the case of the 115 kV Pirital Substation belonging to PDVSA Oriente Transmission Network. [Spanish] En el presente trabajo se plantea una metodologia para la evaluacion de sistemas de puesta a tierra en subestaciones electricas de media y alta tension, con la finalidad de diagnosticar el estado de los elementos que conforman dicho sistema y las variables electricas correspondientes. La metodologia de evaluacion desarrollada incluye una fase de inspeccion visual de los elementos que conforman la subestacion. Luego, mediante la ejecucion de mediciones y analisis de datos, se verifica la continuidad electrica entre los componentes de la subestacion y la malla de puesta a tierra, la resistividad del suelo y resistencia de la malla. Se incluye tambien en la metodologia el calculo de las tensiones de paso y de toque de la subestacion, segun lo fundamentado en los criterios de los estandares Internacionales IEEE. Se estudia el caso de la Subestacion Pirital 115 kV perteneciente a la Red de Transmision de PDVSA Oriente.
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Reservoir Simulation on the Cerro Prieto Geothermal Field: A Continuing Study
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Castaneda, M.; Marquez, R.; Arellano, V.; Esquer, C.A.
1983-12-15
The Cerro Prieto geothermal field is a liquid-dominated geothermal reservoir of complex geological and hydrological structure. It is located at the southern end of the Salton-Mexicali trough which includes other geothermal anomalies as Heber and East Mesa. Although in 1973, the initial power plant installed capacity was 75 MW of electrical power, this amount increased to 180 MW in 1981 as field development continued. It is expected to have a generating capacity of 620 MW by the end of 1985, when two new plants will be completely in operation. Questions about field deliverability, reservoir life and ultimate recovery related to planned installations are being presently asked. Numerical modeling studies can give very valuable answers to these questions, even at the early stages in the development of a field. An effort to simulate the Cerro Prieto geothermal reservoir has been undergoing for almost two years. A joint project among Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) and Intercomp of Houstin, Texas, was created to perform reservoir engineering and simulation studies on this field. The final project objective is tosimulate the behavior of the old field region when production from additional wells located in the undeveloped field zones will be used for feeding the new power plants.
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Methodological proposal of grounding in commercial and industrial installations
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Rodriguez Araya, Michael Eduardo
2013-01-01
A methodology is elaborated for the design of methods of commercial and industrial grounding. International standards and technical documents related with the grounding in the electrical design are studied in commercial and industrial installations. The design techniques of earthing systems are investigated. The topics that were covered to develop a design proposal have been: the analysis of resistivity, soil types, calculations of step voltages, contact and voltage of mesh. A field visit is programmed in nearby of the Escuela de Ingenieria Electrica at the Universidad de Costa Rica, to realize the pertinent measurements of resistivity for the design of a hypothetical grounding mesh for a future installation. The tellurometer (GP-1 model) of the brand Amprobe Instrument was used to provide the data from ground resistivity. The equipment has used four electrodes and has implemented the Wenner method for calculations. A earthing design is realized in a company in the industrial or commercial sector of Costa Rica. The earthing designs are realized to protect equipments found at the site and are affected by conditions such as: atmospheric overloads, transients, sags, interruptions or any event that may to affect the quality of the energy. The resistivity of an ground has depended largely on the amount of moisture that has presented. A correct earthing system should cover the greater amount of the total area of the building, and to comply with the voltage of mesh necessary for the design has been optimal. The design of any earthing has depended on unique characteristics that have been indicated by the location of industry [es
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Quintanilla Martinez, Juan [Programa Universitario de Energia (PUE), Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1997-12-31
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the historical evolution, past and present of the installed capacity and of the electric power generation, as well as the fuel consumption and the associated green-house gases emission. Also, under the technique of economic scenarios and future towns (in short and mediate terms) the potential needs of installed capacity, generation, mix and fuel consumption and associated green gases emissions is analyzed. Later on a comment is made on the energy implications of the substitution of fuels policies and the environmental Standards. Finally, a series of comments is established on the possible technological directions for the sector, from the stand point of generation efficiency and its effects in the reduction of emissions [Espanol] El proposito del presente trabajo es analizar la evolucion historica, pasada y presente, de la capacidad instalada y de la generacion electrica, asi como el consumo de combustibles y las emisiones de gases de invernadero asociadas. Tambien se analiza bajo la tecnica de escenarios economicos y poblaciones a futuro (en el corto y mediano plazo) las posibles necesidades de capacidad instalada, generacion, mezcla y consumo de combustibles y emisiones de gases de invernadero asociadas. Posteriormente se comenta sobre las implicaciones energeticas de las politicas de sustitucion de combustibles y estandares ambientales. Por ultimo se establecen una serie de comentarios sobre las posibles direcciones tecnologicas para el sector, desde el punto de vista de la eficiencia de generacion y sus efectos en la reduccion de las emisiones
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sanchez Perez, Alfredo; Quinones Bonilla, Antonio S. [3M Mexico, S.A. de C.V. (Mexico); Bustos Antunez, Jorge I; Reyes Arce, Manuel [Hines Interests, S.A. de C.V. (Mexico)
2003-07-01
It is not enough to count on with the state of the art technology for the daily operation of a building, the challenge is to be able to make a clear analysis and with attainable goals for the optimization of rational use of the electrical energy in the operation of intelligent buildings without affecting the comfort and productivity for users as well as the functionality and profitability for the owner. This went our base to carry out control strategies that helped the efficient use of the electrical energy, obtaining important savings without neglecting the operative part, of services and human within the property. It is thus, that 3M Mexico wanting to reach these purposes, conducted actions to improve the efficiency of the equipment in the following items: electric network, general lighting, air conditioning system, ventilation and extraction, hydropneumatic system, and sumps operation. [Spanish] No basta contar con la tecnologia de punta para la operacion diaria de un edificio, el reto es ser capaces de realizar un analisis claro y con metas alcanzables para la optimizacion de uso racional de la energia electrica en las operaciones de edificios inteligentes sin afectar el confort y productividad para usuarios asi como la funcionalidad y rentabilidad para el propietario. Esta fue nuestra base para llevar a cabo estrategias de control que ayudaron al uso eficiente de la energia electrica, obteniendo ahorros importantes sin descuidar la parte operativa, de servicios y humana dentro de la propiedad. Es asi, que 3M Mexico queriendo alcanzar dichos propositos, realizo acciones para mejorar la eficiencia de los equipos en los siguientes rubros: red electrica, iluminacion general, sistema de aire acondicionado, ventilacion y extraccion, sistema hidroneumatico, y operacion de carcamos.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Zambrano, Lorenzo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1987-12-31
There is an abundant, reliable, free, source of energy whose use can be planned and besides, practicably inexhaustible: the solar energy. In Mexico it constitutes an important resource, because of its geographical position; for this reason it is fundamental to know it well, either by means of measurements conducted for several years or by mathematical models. These last ones predict with meteorological variables, the values of the solar radiation with acceptable precision. At the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) a model is studied for the prediction of the solar radiation to be adapted to the local conditions of Mexico. It is used in simulation studies of the solar plants functioning and other solar systems. [Espanol] Existe una fuente de energia abundante, confiable, gratuita, cuyo uso puede planearse y, ademas, es practicamente inagotable: la solar. En Mexico constituye un recurso importante, por la posicion geografica del pais; por eso es fundamental conocerlo bien, ya mediante mediciones realizadas durante algunos anos, ya mediante modelos matematicos. Estos ultimos predicen, con datos de variables meteorologicas, los valores de la radiacion solar con precision aceptable. En el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) se estudia un modelo de prediccion de radiacion solar para adaptarlo a las condiciones locales de Mexico. Se usa en estudios de simulacion del funcionamiento de plantas helioelectricas y otros sistemas solares.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ponce Velez, Marco A; Lopez Velazquez, Juan Jose [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico); Lopez Tagle, Alfredo; Aragon Garcia, Hector [Comision Federal de Electricidad (Mexico)
1999-07-01
The use of fixed capacitors banks in distribution and transmission systems is a useful tool to compensate the demand of reactive power and the drop of voltage of the power lines. Nevertheless, unforeseen happenings can be originated that could cause decompensation in the system reliability. Due to the previous fact, the Transmission and Transformation Coordinator (CTT) of the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) asked for the design and the construction of a movable bank of capacitors for an emergent compensation of reactive power. In this article it is presented the most relevant of the design, the construction and the operation of the movable bank of capacitors developed in the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). [Spanish] El empleo de bancos capacitadores fijos en los sistemas de distribucion y transmision es una herramienta util para compensar la demanda de reactivos y la caida de tension de las lineas. Sin embargo, se pueden originar imprevistos que descompensan la confiabilidad del sistema. Debido a lo anterior, la Coordinadora de Transmision y Transformacion (CTT) de la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) solicito el diseno y la construccion de un banco movil de capacitores para una compensacion emergente de potencia reactiva. En este articulo se presenta lo mas relevante del diseno, la construccion y la operacion del banco movil de capacitores desarrollado en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE).
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rodriguez Garcia, Alfredo; De la Torre Vega, Eli [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2009-07-01
The integration of the first Aeolian farm of large scale (La Venta II) to the National Interconnected System requires taking into account the random and discontinuous nature of the Aeolian energy. An important tool, for this task, is a system for the prognosis of the Aeolian energy in the short term. For this reason, the Instituto of Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) developed a statistical model to realize this prognosis. The prediction is done through an adaptable linear combination of alternative competing models, where the weights given to each model are based on its more recent prognosis quality. Also, the application results of the prognoses system are presented and analyzed. [Spanish] La integracion de la primera grana eolica de gran escala (La Venta II) al Sistema Interconectado Nacional requiere tomar en cuenta la naturaleza aleatoria y discontinua de la energia eolica. Una importante herramienta, para esta tarea, es un sistema para el pronostico de la energia eolica a corto plazo. Por ello, el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) desarrollo un modelo estadistico para realizar este pronostico. La prediccion es hecha a traves de una combinacion lineal adaptable de modelos competidores alternativos, donde los pesos dados a cada modelo estan basados en su mas reciente calidad de pronostico. Tambien se presentan y analizan los resultados de la aplicacion del sistema de pronosticos.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Gonzalez N, Miguel A; Malo T, Jose M; Munoz Ledo C, Ramon; Uruchurtu C, Jorge; Castrejon G, Rafael [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico); Sanchez G, Luis; Algarra M, Raul; Abreu L, Emilio [Gerencia de Mantenimiento, Pemex (Mexico)
2003-07-01
The present study contains the measurements obtained as a part of the evaluation of the protection system of ducts located in the left margin of the Tonal River, made by the Gerencia de Materiales y Procesos Quimicos of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) during the last trimester of year 2001. Also, the measurements of potential in conditions of instantaneous ignition and extinguished in measuring posts of the duct in Rights of Way (DDV) Tonala-Nudo Teapa 23 are studied, in order to determine the real protection level reached by the cathodic protection system, the possible unprotected zones and the possible corrective measures that lead to a safe operation of the ducts. [Spanish] El presente estudio contiene las mediciones obtenidas como parte de la evaluacion del sistema de proteccion de los ductos ubicados en la margen izquierda del rio Tonala, realizadas por la Gerencia de Materiales y Procesos Quimicos del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) durante el ultimo trimestre del ano 2001. Asimismo, se tratan las mediciones de potencial en condiciones de encendido y apagado instantaneo en postes de medicion del ducto en los Derechos De Via (DDV) Tonala-Nudo Teapa 23, con el proposito de determinar el nivel real de proteccion alcanzado por el sistema de proteccion catodica, las posibles zonas desprotegidas y las posibles medidas correctivas que conduzcan a una operacion segura de los ductos.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Gallardo Dominguez, Tonatiuh
2004-09-15
In this thesis work it is presented the design and implementation of a simulator of total scope of a predictive controller based in the neuronal model of the temperature in two stages of the heating of the steam generator of a fossil fuel power plant. An implemented control scheme is detailed, as well as the methodology for the identification of a neuronal model utilized for the control. Finally the results of the implementation in the simulator located at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) are shown to be satisfactory. This control structure is not applied directly in closed circuit, but provides the value of the control actions to a human operator. [Spanish] En este trabajo de tesis se presenta el diseno e implementacion, en un simulador de alcance total, de un controlador predictivo basado en un modelo neuronal para el control de la temperatura en dos etapas del calentamiento del generador de vapor de una central termoelectrica. Se detalla el esquema de control implementado, asi como la metodologia de identificacion de un modelo neuronal utilizado para la sintesis del control. Finalmente se muestran los resultados de la implementacion en el simulador que se encuentra en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE); dichos resultados fueron satisfactorios. Esta estructura de control no se aplica directamente en lazo cerrado, sino que provee el valor de las acciones de control a un operador humano.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Zambrano, Lorenzo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1986-12-31
There is an abundant, reliable, free, source of energy whose use can be planned and besides, practicably inexhaustible: the solar energy. In Mexico it constitutes an important resource, because of its geographical position; for this reason it is fundamental to know it well, either by means of measurements conducted for several years or by mathematical models. These last ones predict with meteorological variables, the values of the solar radiation with acceptable precision. At the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) a model is studied for the prediction of the solar radiation to be adapted to the local conditions of Mexico. It is used in simulation studies of the solar plants functioning and other solar systems. [Espanol] Existe una fuente de energia abundante, confiable, gratuita, cuyo uso puede planearse y, ademas, es practicamente inagotable: la solar. En Mexico constituye un recurso importante, por la posicion geografica del pais; por eso es fundamental conocerlo bien, ya mediante mediciones realizadas durante algunos anos, ya mediante modelos matematicos. Estos ultimos predicen, con datos de variables meteorologicas, los valores de la radiacion solar con precision aceptable. En el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) se estudia un modelo de prediccion de radiacion solar para adaptarlo a las condiciones locales de Mexico. Se usa en estudios de simulacion del funcionamiento de plantas helioelectricas y otros sistemas solares.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rosales Vazquez, Maria Ines [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1991-12-31
In this paper the technological development in the area of permanent magnetic materials, is shown, from the 1930`s when the first aluminum-nickel-cobalt (Al-Ni-Co) magnets appeared. As a result of the continuous worldwide research in this field, it was made known, during the 1980`s decade of a new type of magnets based on Neodymium (Nd). In accordance with the outstanding magnetic properties of these magnets, at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), their development was initiated, focussed on the stages and parameters definition of their manufacturing process. Up to now, the research has been oriented to the preparation of magnets of the isotropic agglutinated type and the manufacturing process encompasses the following stages: a) Alloy preparation; b) Microcrystals obtainment; c) Magnet preparation. The preliminary results that have been obtained in the magnetic characterization show that the quality of the prepared magnets is comparable to the quality of the imported magnets and/or to the ones other research groups report. [Espanol] En este trabajo se muestra el desarrollo tecnologico del area de materiales magneticos permanentes a partir de los anos treinta en que surgieron los primeros imanes de aluminio-niquel-cobalto (Al-Ni-Co). Como resultado de la constante investigacion a nivel mundial en ese campo, durante el decenio de los ochenta se informo en torno a un nuevo tipo de imanes a base de neodimio (Nd). Atendiendo a las propiedades magneticas sobresalientes de estos imanes, en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), se inicio el desarrollo de los mismos, enfocandolo a la definicion de las etapas y parametros del proceso de fabricacion. Hasta ahora, la investigacion se ha orientado a la preparacion de imanes de tipo isotropico aglutinado y el proceso de fabricacion comprende las etapas: a) preparacion de la aleacion; b) obtencion de microcristales, y c) preparacion de los imanes. Los resultados preliminares que se han obtenido en la
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rosales Vazquez, Maria Ines [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1990-12-31
In this paper the technological development in the area of permanent magnetic materials, is shown, from the 1930`s when the first aluminum-nickel-cobalt (Al-Ni-Co) magnets appeared. As a result of the continuous worldwide research in this field, it was made known, during the 1980`s decade of a new type of magnets based on Neodymium (Nd). In accordance with the outstanding magnetic properties of these magnets, at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), their development was initiated, focussed on the stages and parameters definition of their manufacturing process. Up to now, the research has been oriented to the preparation of magnets of the isotropic agglutinated type and the manufacturing process encompasses the following stages: a) Alloy preparation; b) Microcrystals obtainment; c) Magnet preparation. The preliminary results that have been obtained in the magnetic characterization show that the quality of the prepared magnets is comparable to the quality of the imported magnets and/or to the ones other research groups report. [Espanol] En este trabajo se muestra el desarrollo tecnologico del area de materiales magneticos permanentes a partir de los anos treinta en que surgieron los primeros imanes de aluminio-niquel-cobalto (Al-Ni-Co). Como resultado de la constante investigacion a nivel mundial en ese campo, durante el decenio de los ochenta se informo en torno a un nuevo tipo de imanes a base de neodimio (Nd). Atendiendo a las propiedades magneticas sobresalientes de estos imanes, en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), se inicio el desarrollo de los mismos, enfocandolo a la definicion de las etapas y parametros del proceso de fabricacion. Hasta ahora, la investigacion se ha orientado a la preparacion de imanes de tipo isotropico aglutinado y el proceso de fabricacion comprende las etapas: a) preparacion de la aleacion; b) obtencion de microcristales, y c) preparacion de los imanes. Los resultados preliminares que se han obtenido en la
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Peralta Solorio, Jose Luis [Fideicomiso para el Ahorro de Energia Electrica (Mexico)]. E-mail: jose.peralta@cfe.gob.mx
2006-04-15
In Mexico the second most used electrical appliance is: refrigerator. Owing to its use, it would be a promising option for electric power saving. In Guadalajara, Reynosa and Tampico it was performed a study with the aim of launching a project to replace the old refrigerators with new ones which are more effective and less expensive. Since the refrigerators cost and the electrical invoicing saving, the electric appliance change is profitable. To expect with this replacement more than eight million of refrigerators manufactured before 1997 will be changed. [Spanish] El refrigerador es el segundo electrodomestico mas utilizado a nivel nacional, esto permite que debido a su uso sea una opcion prometedora para el ahorro de energia electrica. Se hizo un estudio en Guadalajara, Reynosa y Tampico con el fin de lanzar un proyecto para sustituir los refrigeradores viejos por unos nuevos que sean mas eficaces y menos costosos. Por el costo de los refrigeradores y el ahorro en la facturacion electrica, el cambio de electrodomestico es rentable, de esta manera se espera que los mas de ocho millones de refrigeradores fabricados antes de 1997 que existen en el pais sean cambiados.
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La violencia sexual asociada al conflicto y las implicaciones políticas de investigaciones recientes
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Elisabeth Jean Wood
2016-07-01
Full Text Available La academia ha venido documentando un creciente número de modalidades de violencia sexual asociadas a los conflictos, sus causas y la gran variabilidad que existe en cuanto a su ejecución por parte de las organizaciones armadas. En este trabajo resumo los resultados de investigaciones recientes sobre dicha variabilidad, con énfasis en los hallazgos que contradicen o complican las creencias populares. Luego, presento varias interpretaciones sobre la afirmación de que esa violencia es parte de una continuidad entre tiempos de paz y de guerra. Después de analizar las investigaciones recientes sobre las dinámicas internas de las organizaciones armadas, sugiero que las violaciones sexuales a gran escala a menudo ocurren como una práctica, en vez de una estrategia. Por último, propongo algunos principios para guiar las políticas en vista de las investigaciones recientes
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La net-ética desde la perspectiva de una secuencia de investigaciones sociales
CRUZ MESA, HERNANDO
2009-01-01
Este artículo presenta la perspectiva de una ética para la red o net-ética, que el autor ha identificado durante investigaciones realizadas en Colombia. En éstas se han realizado análisis relacionados con la educación, la administración, el diseño, la comunicación, el uso o la recuperación de información en internet, entre 1998 y 2007, particularmente la revisión teórica y el análisis crítico de un corpus de investigaciones. Dichos análisis han inducido nuevas preguntas y desafíos asociados a...
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Arroyo Cabanas, Fernando Gabriel [Programa de Energia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico); Ambriz Garcia, Juan Jose; Paredes Rubio, Hernando Romero [Area de Ingenieria en Recursos Energeticos, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)
2004-06-15
In this work the experimental methodology developed to carry out tests of the electrical energy of refrigerators consumption as norm NOM-015-ENER-2002 is described. The tests were made in the Laboratory of Controlled Environment of the Iztapalapa Unit of the Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana to a sample of old domestic refrigerators in operation. The results found show that the consumption of electrical energy of refrigerators of more than 10 years of age can be higher than 60% of what a modern refrigerator of high efficiency would consume, or 30% higher if the refrigerator was made between 1997 and 2002. With these results it is sustained, in a more complete way, the evaluation of the saving potential of the national electrical energy by the substitution of old domestic refrigerators by modern, as reported in a previous work. [Spanish] En este trabajo se describe la metodologia experimental desarrollada para efectuar pruebas del consumo de energia electrica a refrigeradores conforme la norma NOM-015-ENER-2002. Las pruebas se realizaron en el Laboratorio de Ambiente Controlado de la Unidad Iztapalapa de la Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana a una muestra de refrigeradores domesticos antiguos en operacion. Los resultados encontrados muestran que el consumo de energia electrica de refrigeradores de mas de 10 anos de antig�edad puede superior al 60% de lo que consumiria un refrigerador moderno de alta eficiencia, o superior en un 30% si el refrigerador fue fabricado entre 1997 y 2002. Con estos resultados se sustenta de manera mas completa la evaluacion del potencial de ahorro de energia electrica nacional por substitucion de refrigeradores domesticos antiguos por modernos reportado en un trabajo anterior.
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Design of a Heliostat for Centro de Investigaciones de Astronomía (CIDA)
Dávila, L. E.; Barboza, S. J.; Sánchez, G. A.; Della Prugna, F.; Cova, J.; Provenzano, S. E.; Chacón, R. D.
2009-05-01
This paper explains the procedure used in the design of a heliostat to be installed at the headquarters of the Centro de Investigaciones de Astronomía, located in the city of Mérida, Venezuela. The heliostat will be used mainly for educational and public outreach programs, so the design specifications did not require compensation for rotation of the Sun's image at the focal point. The engineering computational tools CAD-CAE were used in order to allow a seamless interaction between the two disciplines involved, Mechanical Engineering and Astronomy. It has also been taken into consideration, as a starting requirement, that all materials be easily available and that all parts, excluding the optics, could be manufactured with the equipment available at the CIDA workshop. These considerations were intended to reduce the cost of the device and to increase the feasibility of construction with limited technological facilities and financial resources. The results obtained by means of the computing tools used were validated through comparison against the analytical calculations. As a result, a robust but low cost heliostat was designed which in the near future will be used to project the Sun's image on a screen for public viewing and student research projects.
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An integral approach to the use of probabilistic risk assessment methods
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Schwarzblat, M.; Arellano, J.
1987-01-01
In this chapter some of the work developed at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas in the area of probabilistic risk analysis are presented. In this area, work has been basically focused in the following directions: development and implementation of methods, and applications to real systems. The first part of this paper describes the area of methods development and implementation, presenting an integrated package of computer programs for fault tree analysis. In the second part some of the most important applications developed for real systems are presented. (author)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Maqueda Zamora, Martin Roberto; Sanchez Viveros, Luis Agustin [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2011-07-01
In this work, is presented the analysis of residential consumption, regarding the temperature of two areas and types of electrical appliances. A shape characteristic of the load of the electrical energy is obtained for two geographical areas in Mexico. The consumption information was obtained from measurements in residential consumers and from the Mexican Utility. It is also shown the demand profile of the main residential appliances, obtained from smart metering equipment to separate the residential users' load profiles. It is shown the effect of the different variables analyzed on the electrical power consumption, mainly the type of equipment, the geographical localization, the weather (temperature, humidity and vegetation type). With the results attained, the definition of effective energy-saving programs and its effectiveness can be obtained. [Spanish] En este trabajo se presenta el analisis del consumo residencial considerando la temperatura de las dos areas y tipos de aparatos electricos. Se obtiene una forma caracteristica de la carga de energia electrica de dos areas geograficas de Mexico. La informacion sobre el consumo se obtuvo de mediciones en consumidores residenciales y de una empresa electrica mexicana. Tambien se muestra el perfil de demanda de los principales aparatos residenciales, derivado de equipos de medicion inteligentes para separar los perfiles de carga de usuarios residenciales. Se muestra el efecto de diferentes variables analizadas en el consumo de energia electrica, principalmente el tipo de equipo, la localizacion geografica, el clima (temperatura, humedad y tipo de vegetacion). Con los resultados alcanzados pueden definirse programas de ahorro de energia efectivos y lograr implantarlos.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Torres Montalvo, Emmanuel
2006-09-15
literature, since in this one it is only mentioned that the dynamics of the voltage and frequency change, but it is not shown how. In base of the dynamic behavior of the GIAE a scheme of simple control is proposed to regulate the generator voltage with the minimum of necessary elements, which is translated into a reduced cost, greater reliability and in addition provides a satisfactory voltage regulation. The control strategy is simple but functional, which permits its implementation without major complications. Finally an analysis is realized of the harmonic distortion produced by the proposed control. [Spanish] Aunque solamente una parte de la potencia mini/micro hidraulica ha sido explorada en nuestro pais, este tipo de generacion de energia electrica puede ser considerada como una forma viable de generacion de electricidad, principalmente por lo que respecta a los aspectos ecologicos, economicos y sociales. El impacto que pueden tener estas plantas en las regiones en las que son instaladas es siempre positivo: reduccion de costo de la energia, derrama economica, y principalmente un bienestar social. La energia electrica es uno de los pilares para el desarrollo economico de un pais y proporciona una mejor calidad de vida. En la actualidad la investigacion y la tecnologia orientada a la operacion y control de las micro/mini plantas de generacion ha despertado el interes de muchos investigadores en diversos paises del mundo como China, la India, Canada, USA, por mencionar algunos. El generador de induccion juega un papel crucial en la utilizacion de estas tecnologias. El trabajo de Basset y Potter en 1935, es la piedra angular sobre la posibilidad de generar energia haciendo uso de la maquina de induccion y un banco de capacitores conectado a las terminales de la maquina. Esta configuracion se conoce como generador de induccion auto-excitado (GIAE). Se han realizado diversas investigaciones que tratan sobre el principio de funcionamiento y el comportamiento dinamico de un
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Diaz Rangel, Ricardo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1996-12-31
The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) developed a circulating fluidized bed combustor of 0.5 thermal MW unique in its type in Latin America. The Bachelor`s thesis entitled ``Experimental Study on Fuel Oil Combustion in Circulating Fluidized Bed`` was performed operating this combustor with the purpose of determining the feasibility of burning heavy fuel oil in a stable and sustained form, as well as the effect of the addition of calcium carbonate to the combustor. The results of the experimental trials showed heavy fuel oil can be burned in a circulating fluidized bed, with low sulfur dioxide emissions. During the conduction of the experiments a sulfur retention of 43% was achieved with a Ca/S relationship of 4.5. [Espanol] El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) desarrollo un combustor de lecho fluidizado circulante de 0.5 MW termicos de potencia, unico en su tipo en Latinoamerica. La tesis de licenciatura titulada Estudio Experimental sobre la Combustion de Combustoleo en Lecho Fluidizado Circulante se realizo operando dicho combustor, con el proposito de determinar la factibilidad de quemar combustoleo pesado en forma estable y autosostenida, asi como la influencia que tiene la adicion de carbonato de calcio al lecho. Los resultados de los ensayos experimentales mostraron que se puede quemar combustoleo pesado en un lecho fluidizado circulante, con bajas emisiones de bioxido de azufre. Durante la experimentacion se logro una retencion de azufre del 43%, con una relacion Ca/S de 4.5.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Diaz Rangel, Ricardo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1997-12-31
The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) developed a circulating fluidized bed combustor of 0.5 thermal MW unique in its type in Latin America. The Bachelor`s thesis entitled ``Experimental Study on Fuel Oil Combustion in Circulating Fluidized Bed`` was performed operating this combustor with the purpose of determining the feasibility of burning heavy fuel oil in a stable and sustained form, as well as the effect of the addition of calcium carbonate to the combustor. The results of the experimental trials showed heavy fuel oil can be burned in a circulating fluidized bed, with low sulfur dioxide emissions. During the conduction of the experiments a sulfur retention of 43% was achieved with a Ca/S relationship of 4.5. [Espanol] El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) desarrollo un combustor de lecho fluidizado circulante de 0.5 MW termicos de potencia, unico en su tipo en Latinoamerica. La tesis de licenciatura titulada Estudio Experimental sobre la Combustion de Combustoleo en Lecho Fluidizado Circulante se realizo operando dicho combustor, con el proposito de determinar la factibilidad de quemar combustoleo pesado en forma estable y autosostenida, asi como la influencia que tiene la adicion de carbonato de calcio al lecho. Los resultados de los ensayos experimentales mostraron que se puede quemar combustoleo pesado en un lecho fluidizado circulante, con bajas emisiones de bioxido de azufre. Durante la experimentacion se logro una retencion de azufre del 43%, con una relacion Ca/S de 4.5.
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Investigaciones actuales del empleo de Allium sativum en medicina
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Eslhey María Sánchez Dominguez
2016-02-01
Full Text Available Desde tiempos ancestrales el ajo Allium sativum ha sido utilizado por sus propiedades medicinales, ampliamente conocidas. Posee múltiples efectos beneficiosos; tales como: antimicrobiano, hipolipidémico, antitrombótico, actividad antitumoral, antihipertensivo, entre otras. Los compuestos sulfurados presentes en el mismo, principalmente alicina y ajoene, constituyen los principios activos responsables de las actividades biológicas referidas. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica empleando los recursos disponibles en la red Infomed, específicamente Ebsco, PubMed, Hinari y SciELO, a través de los cuales se accedieron a las bases de datos: Medline, Academic Search Premier, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews y MedicLatina, para revisar el estado actual de las investigaciones del ajo en medicina. Existen evidencias científicas que avalan su uso, comprobando los efectos antes referidos. En los últimos años predominan artículos que se centran en el estudio de diferentes formulaciones del ajo: extracto añejo, extracto acuoso, aceite, ajo crudo. En algunas de las referencias consultadas se reconocen limitaciones metodológicas en estas investigaciones. Es consenso que las diferentes formulaciones elaboradas a partir el ajo deben utilizarse como tratamiento complementario.
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Las investigaciones sobre la arquitectura religiosa en Colombia. El predominio católico, 1960-2008
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Liliana Rueda Cáceres
2017-01-01
Full Text Available A través de un estado del arte sobre las investigaciones en torno a la arquitectura religiosa en Colombia se ratifica el predomino de lo católico y la condición pionera de estos estudios. Una indagación general permitió reconocer las diferentes tendencias, fortalezas, vacíos, la cronología y posibles vetas de trabajo de un campo de estudio que todavía requiere ser profundizado. Se indagaron, en las principales bibliotecas del país, las publicaciones resultado de investigaciones sobre la arquitectura religiosa desde comienzos del siglo xx hasta el año 2008. Se observó que el pico de producción se dio durante el periodo 1960-1990. Sin embargo, solo se encontró información de la arquitectura católica, lo que evidenció, además, que estas investigaciones son principalmente descriptivas y no poseen mayor análisis teórico sobre el hecho arquitectónico.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Morales Acevedo, Arturo [Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico (Mexico)
2007-06-15
Basically, this presentation describes what the Centro de Investigaciones y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV) has been working on during this last 40 years, e.g. solar cells. Firstly, it is explained the starting point of the research of solar cells in this institute. Next, it is briefly described the project focused on the factory, which produced 3-inch solar cells, and there are also explained the methodologies that were used in order to produce such sort of cells. In addition, the issues related to photovoltaic systems are explained, among there are found: the characteristics and the first places where they were installed, among others. Next, it is described the program of the PV system installation in the facilities of some child hostel of the Republic of Mexico, carried out with the collaboration of the National Indigenist Institute (INI). Next, it is presented the technology that the CINVESTAV is currently working on, i.e. crystalline silicon solar cells. Besides, it is shown by graphic and illustrative means the process of the same. Finally, it is described the strategic plan suggested in order to produce solar cells in Mexico; besides, there are shown the got conclusions a long with the future expectations. [Spanish] En esta presentacion se describe basicamente todo lo que ha pasado a lo largo de 40 anos en el Centro de Investigaciones y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), en relacion a las celdas solares. En primer plano, se describe el punto de inicio de la investigacion de celdas solares en esta institucion. Enseguida, se describe brevemente el proyecto que se realizo sobre la planta piloto fabricante de celdas solares de 3 pulgadas de diametro, tambien se explican las metodologias que se seguian para fabricar dichas celdas. Mas adelante, se explican cuestiones relacionadas con los modulos fotovoltaicos entre las que se encuentran: las caracteristicas y los primeros lugares donde fueron instalados este tipo de sistemas. Enseguida, se describe el programa
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Bratu Serban, Neagu; Campero Littlewood, Eduardo [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1996-12-31
This paper is a short introduction to how the sinusoidal voltage waves are generated. A revision is made on the way of representing a distorted wave and the way of quantifying its harmonics content (harmonics distortion). An overview is made of the non-lineal consuming elements that produce distortion of the current waves. A revision is made on the concept of a power factor in conditions of waves with harmonic distortion. The consequences of feeding with distorted waves the different devices such as motors (particularly for the distortion originated by the rectifiers and the velocity electronic controls), transformers and capacitors. Mention is made of some of the methods for not to produce or for reducing the harmonic effect in the electric networks. The purpose of this article is to review the consequences on energy consumption by the presence of harmonics. [Espanol] En este articulo se hace una breve introduccion de la forma en que se generan las ondas senoidales de voltaje. Se revisa la manera de representar una onda distorsionada y la manera de cuantificar su contenido de armonicas (distorsion armonica). Se repasan los elementos consumidores no lineales que producen la deformacion de las ondas de corriente. Se revisa el concepto de factor de potencia en condiciones de ondas con distorsion armonica. Se analizan las consecuencias de alimentar con ondas distorsionadas a diferentes equipos como motores (particularmente por la distorsion originada por los rectificadores y los controladores de velocidad electronicos), transformadores y capacitores. Se mencionan algunos metodos para no producir, o reducir el efecto armonico en las redes electricas. El proposito de este articulo es revisar las consecuencias sobre el consumo de energia por la presencia de armonicas.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Bratu Serban, Neagu; Campero Littlewood, Eduardo [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1997-12-31
This paper is a short introduction to how the sinusoidal voltage waves are generated. A revision is made on the way of representing a distorted wave and the way of quantifying its harmonics content (harmonics distortion). An overview is made of the non-lineal consuming elements that produce distortion of the current waves. A revision is made on the concept of a power factor in conditions of waves with harmonic distortion. The consequences of feeding with distorted waves the different devices such as motors (particularly for the distortion originated by the rectifiers and the velocity electronic controls), transformers and capacitors. Mention is made of some of the methods for not to produce or for reducing the harmonic effect in the electric networks. The purpose of this article is to review the consequences on energy consumption by the presence of harmonics. [Espanol] En este articulo se hace una breve introduccion de la forma en que se generan las ondas senoidales de voltaje. Se revisa la manera de representar una onda distorsionada y la manera de cuantificar su contenido de armonicas (distorsion armonica). Se repasan los elementos consumidores no lineales que producen la deformacion de las ondas de corriente. Se revisa el concepto de factor de potencia en condiciones de ondas con distorsion armonica. Se analizan las consecuencias de alimentar con ondas distorsionadas a diferentes equipos como motores (particularmente por la distorsion originada por los rectificadores y los controladores de velocidad electronicos), transformadores y capacitores. Se mencionan algunos metodos para no producir, o reducir el efecto armonico en las redes electricas. El proposito de este articulo es revisar las consecuencias sobre el consumo de energia por la presencia de armonicas.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Casals-Torrens, P. [Universidad Politecnica de Cataluna, Barcelona (Espana)]. E-mail: p.casals@upc.edu; Gonzalez-Parada, A. [Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato (Mexico)]. E-mail: gonzaleza@salamanca.ugto.mx; Bosch-Tous, R. [Universidad Politecnica de Cataluna, Barcelona (Espana)
2012-04-15
The acoustic waves caused by Partial Discharges inside the dielectric materials, can be detected by acoustic emission (AE) sensors and analyzed in the time domain. The experimental results presented, show the online detection capability of these sensors in the environment near a cable accessory, such as a splice or terminal. The AE sensors are immune to electromagnetic interference and constitute a detection method non-intrusive and non-destructive, which ensures a galvanic decoupling with respect to electric networks, this technique of partial discharge detection can be applied as a test method for preventive or predictive maintenance (condition-based maintenance) to equipment or facilities of medium and high voltage in service and represents an alternative method to electrical detection systems, conventional or not, that continue to rely on the detection of current pulses. This paper presents characterization tests of the sensors AE through comparative tests of partial discharge on accessories for underground power cables. [Spanish] Las ondas acusticas provocadas por las descargas parciales en el interior de un dielectrico pueden ser detectadas por sensores de Emisiones Acusticas (EA) y analizadas en el dominio del tiempo. Los resultados experimentales que se presentan, evidencian la capacidad de deteccion en linea de estos sensores, en el entorno proximo a un accesorio de cable, empalme o terminal. Los sensores EA son inmunes a las interferencias electromagneticas, son un metodo de deteccion no destructivo y garantizan desacople galvanico respecto a la red electrica; esta tecnica de deteccion de descargas parciales puede ser aplicada como metodo de prueba para mantenimiento preventivo o predictivo (mantenimiento basado en la condicion), en equipos o instalaciones de media y alta tension en servicio, y representa una alternativa a los sistemas electricos de deteccion, convencionales o no, que continuan basandose en la deteccion del impulsos de corriente. En el
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sistema de Agua Potable, Alcantarillado y Saneamiento de la Piedad (Mexico). E-mail: sapaslapiedad@prodigy.net.mx
2006-04-15
In Michoacan, Mexico, a project who seeks to benefice the Municipal public resources was crated in 1994. It would be achieved trough the electric power saving in the public lighting system, and drinkable water pumping and black water, since those activities required the budget biggest part. The program could be developed recently and the saving was significant. In addition the electromechanical efficiency increased in the equipment installation. This work is an example for other States to do something similar that can improve their conditions. [Spanish] En el estado de Michoacan, Mexico se creo un proyecto en el ano de 1994, el cual buscaba beneficiar los recursos publicos municipales, a traves del ahorro de la energia electrica en los sistemas de alumbrado publico y bombeo de agua potable y aguas negras, ya que estas actividades son las que requieren la mayor parte del presupuesto. El programa pudo llevarse a cabo en anos recientes y el ahorro fue significativo, ademas de que aumento la eficiencia electromecanica en los equipos que se instalaron, y esta obra ha servido de ejemplo a otros estados para que realicen algo similar que pueda mejorar su situacion.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Vega Ortiz, Miguel; Gutierrez Arriola, Gustavo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)
2000-07-01
In order that the tools of CAD (Design Attended by Computer) that are offered in the market are really useful, they must combine the criteria and experiences of the expert designers with the specifications and practices established in the electrical company. This includes, from the introduction to the information system of the available input data and its design criteria, to obtaining the required output information. In the present work the methodology developed by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) in the design of power transmission lines that integrates the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) requirements in the design of its transmission power lines is an advanced computer tool that results in obtaining better designs. Some of the most important aspects are the reduction of the used working time, the cost of the designed line, its reliability, the flexibility in the information handling and the quality of presentation. [Spanish] Para que las herramientas de diseno asistido por computadora que se ofrecen en el mercado sean realmente utiles deben conjuntar los criterios y experiencias de los disenadores expertos con las especificaciones y practicas establecidas en la empresa electrica. Esto incluye desde la introduccion al sistema de la informacion de datos de entrada de la que se dispone y de sus criterios de diseno hasta la obtencion de la informacion de salida que se requiere. En el presente trabajo se resume la metodologia desarrollada por el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) en el diseno de lineas de transmision, que integra los requerimientos de la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) en el diseno de sus lineas de transmision en una herramienta de computo avanzada y que redunda en la obtencion de mejores disenos. Algunos de los aspectos mas importantes son la reduccion del tiempo de trabajo empleado, el costo de la linea disenada, su confiabilidad, la flexibilidad en el manejo de informacion y la calidad de presentacion.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
1997-12-01
Full Text Available Este informe contiene un resumen de los temas presentados ante el Comité Asesor de Investigaciones en Salud (CAIS de la OPS/OMS en su 32.a reunión, celebrada en julio de 1997, así como de las discusiones sostenidas por el Comité y de sus recomendaciones en torno a cada punto. Los temas tratados abarcaron la cooperación técnica para el desarrollo de políticas en torno a las investigaciones sanitarias llevadas a cabo por organizaciones dedicadas a las ciencias y tecno logías de la salud; las tendencias y los desafíos propios de las investigaciones en salud en América Latina; el plan de investigaciones propuesto por el CAIS Global en apoyo a la implantación de las nuevas estrategias de salud para todos; las iniciativas para mejorar el uso de los Centros Colaboradores de la OPS/OMS; y el desarrollo de nuevas metodologías para el análisis de la situación de salud. El Comité también escuchó informes, ofreciendo a la vez sus comentarios, sobre la labor del Subcomité de Investigaciones en Sistemas y Servicios de Salud y del Subcomité de Biotecnología durante el último año; el progreso alcanzado en los estudios multicéntricos sobre la violencia y la salud del adulto mayor; y las actividades del Programa de Subvenciones para la Investigación de la OPS en 1996. Los miembros del Comité tuvieron la oportunidad de reunirse con funcionarios de la OPS para discutir el componente de investigación de los programas de cooperación técnica de la Organización.
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Control integral systems; Sistemas integrales de control
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Burgos, Estrella [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1999-12-31
Almost two third of the electric power generation in Mexico are obtained from hydrocarbons, for that reasons Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) dedicated special commitment in modernizing the operation of fossil fuel central stations. In attaining this objective the control systems play a fundamental roll, from them depend a good share of the reliability and the efficiency of the electric power generation process, as well as the extension of the equipment useful life. Since 1984 the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) has been working, upon the request of CFE, on the development of digital control systems. To date it has designed and implemented a logic control system for gas burners, which controls 32 burners of the Unit 4 boiler of the Generation Central of Valle de Mexico and two systems for distributed control for two combined cycle central stations, which are: Dos Bocas, Veracruz Combined cycle central, and Gomez Palacio, Durango combined cycle central. With these two developments the IIE enters the World tendency of implementing distributed control systems for the fossil fuel power central update [Espanol] Casi las dos terceras partes de la generacion electrica en Mexico se obtienen a partir de hidrocarburos, es por eso que la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) puso especial empeno en modernizar la operacion de las centrales termoelectricas de combustibles fosiles. En el logro de este objetivo los sistemas de control desempenan un papel fundamental, de ellos depende una buena parte la confiabilidad y la eficiencia en el proceso de generacion de energia electrica, asi como la prolongacion de la vida util de los equipos. Desde 1984 el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) ha trabajado, a solicitud de la CFE, en el desarrollo de sistemas digitales de control. A la fecha se han disenado e implantado un sistema de control logico de quemadores de gas, el cual controla 32 quemadores de la caldera de la unidad 4 de la central de generacion
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Control integral systems; Sistemas integrales de control
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Burgos, Estrella [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1998-12-31
Almost two third of the electric power generation in Mexico are obtained from hydrocarbons, for that reasons Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) dedicated special commitment in modernizing the operation of fossil fuel central stations. In attaining this objective the control systems play a fundamental roll, from them depend a good share of the reliability and the efficiency of the electric power generation process, as well as the extension of the equipment useful life. Since 1984 the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) has been working, upon the request of CFE, on the development of digital control systems. To date it has designed and implemented a logic control system for gas burners, which controls 32 burners of the Unit 4 boiler of the Generation Central of Valle de Mexico and two systems for distributed control for two combined cycle central stations, which are: Dos Bocas, Veracruz Combined cycle central, and Gomez Palacio, Durango combined cycle central. With these two developments the IIE enters the World tendency of implementing distributed control systems for the fossil fuel power central update [Espanol] Casi las dos terceras partes de la generacion electrica en Mexico se obtienen a partir de hidrocarburos, es por eso que la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) puso especial empeno en modernizar la operacion de las centrales termoelectricas de combustibles fosiles. En el logro de este objetivo los sistemas de control desempenan un papel fundamental, de ellos depende una buena parte la confiabilidad y la eficiencia en el proceso de generacion de energia electrica, asi como la prolongacion de la vida util de los equipos. Desde 1984 el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) ha trabajado, a solicitud de la CFE, en el desarrollo de sistemas digitales de control. A la fecha se han disenado e implantado un sistema de control logico de quemadores de gas, el cual controla 32 quemadores de la caldera de la unidad 4 de la central de generacion
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Inter y transdisciplinariedad en investigaciones ambientales. Una sinopsis
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Alberto Ramírez-González
2016-07-01
Full Text Available El presente artículo de revisión tiene como pretensión realizar un acercamiento al estado actual de conocimiento en torno a la conformación de grupos de investigación y el análisis de la problemática ambiental, bajo enfoques inter y transdisciplinares. Constituye, esencialmente, una investigación teórica soportada en artículos científicos, libros y documentos publicados por entidades y organizaciones reconocidas nacional o internacionalmente. El documento incluye diversos puntos de vista en torno a los marcos conceptuales, teóricos y metodológicos, y expone algunas problemáticas ambientales y sociales que se presume deben ser abordadas desde tales enfoques. Adicionalmente, presenta algunos de los intersticios que ligan lo ambiental con algunas ciencias y disciplinas. La revisión hace acopio de los principales avances y los retos más recurrentes en torno a la formación de profesionales que cumplan con las competencias más pertinentes y adecuadas para la implementación inter y transdisciplinar. Adicionalmente, enuncia algunos de los factores asociados con el éxito y el fracaso de los investigadores, los grupos de investigación y las investigaciones, que han pretendido tales enfoques. Finalmente, expone algunas recomendaciones que podrían potenciar el desempeño de los grupos que realizan investigaciones inter y transdisciplinares, las cuales han emergido, precisamente, del seguimiento a proyectos de esta naturaleza. CC BY-NC-SA Gestión y Ambiente (2016.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Maqueda Zamora, Martin Roberto; Perez Rebolledo, Hugo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2008-07-01
The Summer Time is strongly bound to the rational use of the natural resources, since it is a measure that contributes to the care of the country energy resources and the improvement of the environment. This measure consists of advancing the clock one hour in the months that have greater insolation in the country and when doing it, the electrical energy demand is reduced, a saving in the consumption of the same is obtained, resulting in a reduction of the fossil fuel consumption that is needed to generate electric energy and also the emission of polluting agents to the environment is detained. It is to emphasize that the sustainable development and the environment depend on the energy efficient use. With the application of the Summertime Schedule, the entire country participate in the care of the energy resources that are derived from their application and generates in the population a culture of the care of the energy and the environment. This program is applied to world-wide level, including the industrialized countries. In this paper the methodology implemented by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) is presented, to realize the calculations of saving in electrical power consumption and the quantification of the avoided demand, as well as the main results obtained in 10 years of application of the measure in Mexico. [Spanish] El horario de verano esta fuertemente ligado al uso racional de los recursos naturales, ya que es una medida que contribuye al cuidado de los recursos energeticos del pais y la mejora del medio ambiente. Esta medida consiste en adelantar el reloj una hora en los meses que se tiene mayor insolacion en el pais y al hacerlo, se reduce la demanda de energia electrica, se tiene un ahorro en el consumo de la misma y como resultado se reduce el consumo de combustibles fosiles que se necesitan para generar la energia electrica y tambien se dejan de emitir contaminantes al medio ambiente. Cabe resaltar que el desarrollo sustentable y el
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Modos de produccion cientifica: Culturas y metodologias de investigacion en la Universidad de Cadiz
Gonzalez Ramos, Ana M.
2004-12-01
Este trabajo de investigacion supone un modelo teorico de caracter aplicado, que proporciona la oportunidad de evaluar la produccion cientifica de los investigadores. Se encuadra dentro de la tradiccion de la estadistica aplicada y la sociologia del conocimiento. Atiende especialmente a dos conjuntos de temas de interes, por una parte, las caracteristicas principales que determinan el nivel y tipo de produccion academica producida por las unidades de investigacion y por los propios investigadores; por otra, la utilizacion que se hace de los metodos y tecnicas de investigacion puesto que de ello tambien depende el modo de produccion cientifica. Los puntos novedosos de esta tesis son: la medicion cuantitativa del objeto de estudio, la suma de los productos y las condiciones externas a la produccion del conocimiento mas otros elementos internos como las caracteristicas de los investigadores y la metodologia utilizada para desarrollar sus trabajos; y, finalmente, el uso de las nuevas tecnologias. El aprovechamiento de los recursos estadisticos y las fuentes de informacion secundarias se complementan con el diseno propio de una encuesta donde se implementa las caracteristicas descritas en un capitulo anterior sobre los metodos cientificos mas idoneos descritos en los principales manuales y articulos cientificos desde distintas disciplinas de conocimiento. Dicha encuesta ha sido desarrollada como un programa propio y en base a los mas innovadores usos de la tecnologia en la metodologia de encuestas.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sanchez Cifuentes, A.; Cortes Eslava, A. [Facultad de Ingenieria, UNAM, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1997-12-31
The ``Programa Universitario de Energia (PUE)`` (University Energy Program) of the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) through the project ``Ecologic Control of The University Campus`` has the objective of instrumenting policies for the rational use of the electric energy in the UNAM installations. The PUE has performed a series of activities aimed at the establishment of an integral program for the electric energy management in the UNAM. This program has to consider the measures for energy saving (MES) of general kind and to promote a series of specific measures to be adequated and implemented for each one of the departments. The success in establishing a series of MES compels to quantify its effects, to register and to analyze them to be in position of enhancing them, since it must be kept in mind that something that can not be measured can not be improved. For this purpose the PUE is developing a continuous monitoring pilot network of electric energy with local and remote access and an automated metering system. Two monitoring schemes are experimented, one commercial metering equipment and another one with own metering technology. In this paper the characteristics of the proposed monitoring schemes are described. [Espanol] El Programa Universitario de Energia (PUE) de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), a traves del proyecto {sup C}ontrol Ecologico del Campus Universitario{sup ,} tiene como objetivo instrumentar politicas de uso racional de la energia en las instalaciones universitarias. El PUE ha realizado una serie de actividades encaminadas a establecer un programa integral de administracion de la energia electrica en la UNAM. El programa mencionado debe considerar medidas de ahorro de energia (MAE) de tipo general y promover una serie de medidas particulares, para ser adecuadas e implantadas por cada una de las dependencias. El exito en el establecimiento de una serie de MAE, obliga a cuantificar sus efectos, registrarse y
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sanchez Cifuentes, A; Cortes Eslava, A [Facultad de Ingenieria, UNAM, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1998-12-31
The ``Programa Universitario de Energia (PUE)`` (University Energy Program) of the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) through the project ``Ecologic Control of The University Campus`` has the objective of instrumenting policies for the rational use of the electric energy in the UNAM installations. The PUE has performed a series of activities aimed at the establishment of an integral program for the electric energy management in the UNAM. This program has to consider the measures for energy saving (MES) of general kind and to promote a series of specific measures to be adequated and implemented for each one of the departments. The success in establishing a series of MES compels to quantify its effects, to register and to analyze them to be in position of enhancing them, since it must be kept in mind that something that can not be measured can not be improved. For this purpose the PUE is developing a continuous monitoring pilot network of electric energy with local and remote access and an automated metering system. Two monitoring schemes are experimented, one commercial metering equipment and another one with own metering technology. In this paper the characteristics of the proposed monitoring schemes are described. [Espanol] El Programa Universitario de Energia (PUE) de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), a traves del proyecto {sup C}ontrol Ecologico del Campus Universitario{sup ,} tiene como objetivo instrumentar politicas de uso racional de la energia en las instalaciones universitarias. El PUE ha realizado una serie de actividades encaminadas a establecer un programa integral de administracion de la energia electrica en la UNAM. El programa mencionado debe considerar medidas de ahorro de energia (MAE) de tipo general y promover una serie de medidas particulares, para ser adecuadas e implantadas por cada una de las dependencias. El exito en el establecimiento de una serie de MAE, obliga a cuantificar sus efectos, registrarse y
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El discurso cienti??fico en la investigacio??n educativa en Latinoame??rica: el caso de Me??xico
Castellanos Quintero, Sara Julia
2011-01-01
En este arti??culo se presenta el estado del arte del ana??lisis del discurso cienti??fico en la investigacio??n educativa en Me??xico, particularmente en el disen??o y desarrollo del curri??culo. La investigacio??n en el a??rea del curri??culo universitario comenzo?? en Me??xico en los an??os 80. El discurso estaba orientado hacia la bu??squeda de modelos y me??todos de ensen??anza y evaluacio??n, la implementacio??n del practicum y la correspondencia entre la formacio??n profesional y el em...
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Suarez Cerda, Dionisio A; Ibargueengoytia Gonzalez, Pablo H; Villavicencio Ramirez, Alejandro [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)
1999-07-01
In this article the aid system for the starting of fossil fuel units is described (SIAAT) based on techniques of artificial intelligence, that the Management of Supervision of Processes of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) develops. It analyzes the problem of the starting of fossil fuel units, which sets out to solve through computer techniques based on artificial intelligence. The system architecture is proposed and the challenges that are due to face are mentioned so that the system works in line with the process and along with it. In addition to the technical aspects covered in the project, the more relevant results that make an impact in the expectations of application of the system are mentioned, as well as the expected benefits of its use in fossil fuel power stations. [Spanish] En este articulo se describe el Sistema de ayuda para el Arranque de Unidades Termoelectricas (SIAAT) basado en tecnicas de inteligencia artificial, que desarrolla la Gerencia de Supervision de Procesos del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). Se analiza el problema del arranque de unidades termoelectricas, el cual se propone resolver a traves de tecnicas computacionales basadas en inteligencia artificial. Se presenta la arquitectura del sistema y se mencionan los retos que se deben enfrentar para que el sistema funcione en linea junto con el proceso. Ademas de los aspectos tecnicos abordados en el proyecto, se mencionan los resultados mas relevantes que impactan en las expectativas de aplicacion del sistema, asi como los beneficios esperados de su uso en centrales termoelectricas.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Castro Flores, J.; Morillon Galvez, D. [Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1995-12-31
This paper presents the problems identified in non-residential buildings, where the inadequate use of energy is mainly shown in three points: inadequate technology and maintenance, wrong use and wrong habits in the energy use. The consequences of this situation in the ecological, politic and social environment were analyzed. In base of the problems detected the following strategies are proposed: An adequate project and design, retrofit, maintenance and users awareness for the rational energy use. The economic evaluation performed for the implementation of these strategies shows a significant saving potential of the electric power, with measures of null and low investment. [Espanol] Se presenta la problematica identificada en edificios no residenciales; donde el uso inadecuado de la energia electrica se manifiesta principalmente en tres puntos: tecnologia y mantenimiento inadecuados, y mal uso y costumbres de la energia. Se analizo las consecuencias de esta situacion en el ambito ecologico, economico, politico y social. Con base a la problematica se proponen las siguientes estrategias: un adecuado proyecto y diseno, retrofit, mantenimiento y concientizacion del usuario para el uso racional de la energia. La evaluacion economica realizada para implantar estas estrategias muestra un significativo potencial de ahorro de energia electrica, con medidas de nula y baja inversion.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Castro Flores, J; Morillon Galvez, D [Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1996-12-31
This paper presents the problems identified in non-residential buildings, where the inadequate use of energy is mainly shown in three points: inadequate technology and maintenance, wrong use and wrong habits in the energy use. The consequences of this situation in the ecological, politic and social environment were analyzed. In base of the problems detected the following strategies are proposed: An adequate project and design, retrofit, maintenance and users awareness for the rational energy use. The economic evaluation performed for the implementation of these strategies shows a significant saving potential of the electric power, with measures of null and low investment. [Espanol] Se presenta la problematica identificada en edificios no residenciales; donde el uso inadecuado de la energia electrica se manifiesta principalmente en tres puntos: tecnologia y mantenimiento inadecuados, y mal uso y costumbres de la energia. Se analizo las consecuencias de esta situacion en el ambito ecologico, economico, politico y social. Con base a la problematica se proponen las siguientes estrategias: un adecuado proyecto y diseno, retrofit, mantenimiento y concientizacion del usuario para el uso racional de la energia. La evaluacion economica realizada para implantar estas estrategias muestra un significativo potencial de ahorro de energia electrica, con medidas de nula y baja inversion.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Carrillo C, Jaime; Escorsa M, Oscar; Estrada G, Javier A; Iturbe F, Marlene; Robles P, Edgar [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2005-07-01
To the interior of the Generation of Electrical Equipment (GEE) of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, one of the main activities is the diagnosis of the electrical equipment in service. It is well known that the power equipment represents a strong investment that requires the guarantee that it has been manufactured, installed and operated satisfactorily. The life expectancy of these devices is of thirty years, however, many of them already have surpassed that expectation. The rehabilitation or substitution of the equipment implies new investments that are needed for an evaluation of the real condition of the equipment to carry out such rehabilitation. One of the tools necessary to carry out the diagnosis, is a movable laboratory that facilitates all the necessary tools to perform a meticulous analysis that would allow, the client, to make high cost decisions. The application of the movable laboratory is advisable from the inauguration of the equipment. The electrical mechanisms are factory tested in accordance with standardized protocols; it guarantees the fulfillment of the necessary requirements for a correct operation. Nevertheless, when taking them to the assembly site, these are subjected to a series of processes and mechanical stresses that could alter the equipment conditions and its integrity. [Spanish] Al interior de la Generacion de Equipos Electricos (GEE) del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, una de las principales actividades es el diagnostico del equipo electrico en servicio. Es bien sabido que los equipos de potencia representan una fuerte inversion que requiere la garantia de que se ha fabricado, instalado y operado satisfactoriamente. La esperanza de vida de estos dispositivos es de treinta anos, no obstante, muchos de ellos ya han superado esa expectativa. La rehabilitacion o sustitucion de equipos, implica nuevas inversiones que precisan un conocimiento del estado real del equipo para llevarla a cabo. Una de las herramientas
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Campos Aragon, Leticia [Instituto de Investigaciones Economicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1997-12-31
This document explains the importance of the sustainable development in the electric energy, that is, that the technological advances in the electric sector do no hamper the future of the generations to come and generate potential problems such as: environmental pollution, unnecessary expenses in the realization of new technologies already executed. Mention is made of the relationship between nature and society, the ecological crisis, and the electric energy, seven points are given on how to control and treat waste waters, three points are given to handle and dispose of solid wastes, finally four points are given on the noise contamination control. It is concluded that the problem of reducing the environmental impact of the generation of electricity does not depend on the applied technology, since there are technological options for its solution, but on other more complex factors that deal with the generation of wealth, its distribution and the population growing [Espanol] En el presente documento se explica la importancia del desarrollo sustentable en la energia electrica, es decir que los avances tecnologicos en el sector energetico no entorpezcan el futuro de las generaciones venideras y generen posibles problemas como: contaminacion del medio ambiente, gastos innecesarios en la realizacion de las nuevas tecnologias realizadas. Se menciona la relacion entre la naturaleza y la sociedad, la crisis ecologica y la energia electrica, se dan siete puntos de como controlar y tratar aguas residuales, se proporcionan tres puntos para manejar y disponer de residuos solidos, por ultimo se dan cuatro puntos sobre el control de la contaminacion por ruido. Se concluye en que el problema de reducir el impacto ambiental por la generacion de electricidad no depende de la tecnologia empleada pues existen alternativas tecnologicas para su solucion, sino en otros aun mas complejos que tienen que ver con la generacion de la riqueza, su distribucion y el crecimiento de la poblacion
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Zagal Leon, Juan Ruben [Fideicomiso para el Ahorro de Energia Electrica (FIDE), Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1998-12-31
This paper presents, in a very concise, which are the techniques to optimize the electric motors repair made by the Fideicomiso para el Ahorro de Energia Electrica (FIDE), the loss of efficiency that might exist after repairing an electric motor, as well as the procedures to perform an optimum reparation of the electric motors. Furthermore, some recommendations are given for the selection of an adequate rewinding shop to guarantee that the motor does not suffer efficiency losses after its repair. [Espanol] Este trabajo presenta, de manera muy concreta, cuales son las tecnicas para optimizar las tecnicas de reparacion de motores electricos realizado por el Fideicomiso para el Ahorro de Energia Electrica (FIDE), el nivel de perdida de eficiencia que puede existir despues de reparar un motor electrico, asi como los procedimientos para realizar una optima reparacion en motores electricos. Asimismo, se proporcionan algunas recomendaciones para seleccionar un taller de reembobinado adecuado para garantizar que el motor no sufra perdidas de eficiencia despues de su reparacion.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Zagal Leon, Juan Ruben [Fideicomiso para el Ahorro de Energia Electrica (FIDE), Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1999-12-31
This paper presents, in a very concise, which are the techniques to optimize the electric motors repair made by the Fideicomiso para el Ahorro de Energia Electrica (FIDE), the loss of efficiency that might exist after repairing an electric motor, as well as the procedures to perform an optimum reparation of the electric motors. Furthermore, some recommendations are given for the selection of an adequate rewinding shop to guarantee that the motor does not suffer efficiency losses after its repair. [Espanol] Este trabajo presenta, de manera muy concreta, cuales son las tecnicas para optimizar las tecnicas de reparacion de motores electricos realizado por el Fideicomiso para el Ahorro de Energia Electrica (FIDE), el nivel de perdida de eficiencia que puede existir despues de reparar un motor electrico, asi como los procedimientos para realizar una optima reparacion en motores electricos. Asimismo, se proporcionan algunas recomendaciones para seleccionar un taller de reembobinado adecuado para garantizar que el motor no sufra perdidas de eficiencia despues de su reparacion.
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Electrica.l Insta.lla.tions in Multi-storey Buildings
African Journals Online (AJOL)
different diversity factors of the individual sections. However .... auxiliary drives for the heating system and ventila- tion, as well as ... For multi-storey buildings preference is generally given to ... Group p. f correction is expedient if large banks of.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ceciliano Meza, Jose Luis
1997-12-31
In this work it is presented for the first time in the literature the solution of the problem of the planning the expansion of an electrical transmission network (PERTE) with the use of the Evolutionary Programming. The evolutionary programming is a stochastic method of optimization with similar characteristics to the generic algorithms, but different. During the development of this work it is shown what each one of these two heuristic methods of optimization consist of. Additionally, the main characteristics of other two heuristic methods known in the literature are described (Tabu Searching and Simulated Annealing). These two methods together with the genetic algorithms and decomposition of Benders have also been used to solve the problem of planning PERTE. The operation of the proposed algorithm of evolutionary programming was tested in two networks of electrical transmission. The first case of test is a system which is known in the literature. The second case is a representative system of the electrical transmission network of Central America. The results obtained improve all the results shown when applying different heuristic methods of optimization (genetic algorithms, simulated annealing and Tabu searching) to solve the same problem. [Espanol] En este trabajo se presenta por primera vez en la literatura, la solucion del problema de la planeacion de expansion de una red de transmision electrica (PERTE) con el uso de la Programacion Evolucionaria. La programacion evolucionaria es un metodo estocastico de optimizacion con caracteristicas similares a los algoritmos geneticos, pero diferente. Durante el desarrollo de este trabajo se muestra en que consiste cada uno de estos dos metodos heuristicos de optimizacion. Ademas, se describen las caracteristicas principales de otros dos metodos heuristicos conocidos en la literatura (busqueda Tabu y Recorrido Simulado). Estos dos metodos juntos con los algoritmos geneticos y descomposicion de Benders tambien han sido
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rauch Sitar, Vladimir [Universidad Autonoma de Queretaro, Facultad de Ingenieria, Queretaro (Mexico)
1994-12-31
In recent times every day one speaks more about power quality and about the losses produced by the tension and current distortion. The distortion in the electric network and the consumption tend to keep on increasing, and each day there will be the need of applying more resources to handle it inside a reasonable range. In this article the situation of the power quality is analyzed in the most general case and also simplified for special cases. On base on the distortion coefficients of tension and current a matrix is created where the harmonics coefficients of tension as well as the current appear in an organized form an all of the elements of that matrix are analyzed. Some topological rules are created in order to give the simplest orientation in the complex situation. The article is useful to supervise the power quality in all of the typical cases and establish a base for a more detailed analysis. [Espanol] En los ultimos tiempos cada dia mas se esta hablando sobre la calidad de la energia electrica (Power Quality) y sobre las perdidas provocadas con este factor. La distorsion de la red electrica y del consumo tiene la tendencia de seguir aumentando y cada dia mas habra que dedicar mas recursos para manejarla dentro de un rango razonable. En el articulo presentado se analiza la situacion de la calidad de energia en caso mas general y tambien simplificada para los casos especiales. A base de coeficientes de distorsion, de tension y corriente se crea una Matriz donde figuran tanto los coeficientes de armonicas de tension como de corriente en una forma ordenada y se analizan todos los elementos de esta matriz. Se crean algunas reglas topologicas para dar la orientacion mas simple en la situacion compleja. El articulo sirve para dar supervision a la calidad de energia en todos los casos tipicos y establecer una base para el analisis mas detallado.
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Sentido y alcance de las investigaciones internas en la empresa
Montiel, Juan Pablo
2013-01-01
En un contexto de notable expansión del fenómeno del "criminal compliance" en el plano práctico y científico, las investigaciones internas aparecen llamativamente como uno de los temas menos trabajados. Sin embargo, el interés de la doctrina ha crecido notablemente en los últimos años como consecuencia de su potencial relevancia en la atenuación y exclusión de la responsabilidad penal. La presente contribución acerca una introducción general en la que se delimitan conceptualmente las investig...
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Quintanilla Martinez, Juan [eds.] [Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1997-12-31
This document is the first one of three volumes of the 1. Seminar on the Current Conditions and Perspectives of the Electric Sector in Mexico, organized by the Programa Universitario de Energia and the Instituto de Investigaciones Economicas (University Program of Energy and the Institute of Economic Research, both of them agencies of the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM)). The titles of the three volumes are the following: Volume 1.- The opening of the Mexican Electric Sector to foreign investment. Volume 2.- Concrete innovation and technological learning experiences at the Luz y Fuerza del Centro enterprise. Volume 3.- The Electric Energy and the Environment in Mexico. This first volume deals on the World tendencies towards the privatization; the new financing techniques and the reorganization of the Mexican electric industry; the electric rates in the residential sector; the distribution of the income and the electricity expense in Mexican homes, the privatization of the energy in Mexico and the production costs in generation projects planning. These documents were formulated by specialists of the Electric Sector, from the Electric Sector itself as well as from academic entities, public and private [Espanol] Este documento constituye el primero de tres volumenes del Primer Seminario sobre Situacion y Perspectivas del Sector Electrico en Mexico, organizado por el Programa Universitario de Energia y el Instituto de Investigaciones Economicas, ambas dependencias de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM). Los titulos de los tres volumenes son los siguientes: volumen 1: La apertura externa del sector electrico mexicano, volumen 2: Experiencias concretas de innovacion y aprendizaje tecnologico en la empresa Luz y Fuerza del Centro, volumen 3: Energia electrica y medio ambiente en Mexico. Este primer volumen trata sobre las tendencias mundiales hacia la privatizacion; las nuevas tecnicas de financiamiento y reorganizacion de la industria
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Garcia Gutierrez, Alfonso [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1994-07-01
In this paper the numerical simulators and the specialized computer programs that have been developed in the Departamento de Geotermia of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) for the study of mass transport phenomena, momentum and heat in geothermal wells, are delineated. The developments can be assembled in 5 types: a) Fluid circulation during geothermal well construction; b) Production; c) Construction; d) Return to the thermal equilibrium; e) Thermodynamic and fluid transport properties, cements, and rocks. The applications realized include, besides the normal flow phenomena that occur in geothermal wells, the study of special problems that have been found in several wells of the geothermal fields in the country. These developments constitute a tool of great utility for the reservoir engineer`s daily work and for the understanding of the specific phenomena of infrequent occurrence. [Espanol] En este trabajo se describen los simuladores numericos y programas de computo especializados que se han desarrollado en el Departamento de Geotermia del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), para estudiar los fenomenos de transporte de masa, momentum y calor en pozos geotermicos. Los desarrollos pueden agruparse en 5 tipos: a) circulacion de fluidos durante la construccion de pozos, b) produccion, c) inyeccion, d) retorno a equilibrio termico, e) propiedades termodinamicas y de transporte de los fluidos, cementos y rocas. Las aplicaciones realizadas incluyen, ademas de los fenomenos normales de flujo que ocurren en pozos geotermicos, el estudio de problemas especiales que se han encontrado en diversos pozos de los campos geotermicos del pais. Estos desarrollos constituyen una herramienta de gran utilidad para el trabajo diario del ingeniero de yacimientos y para el entendimiento de fenomenos especificos de ocurrencia poco frecuente.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rodriguez Ortiz, Guillermo; Mejia Lavalle, Manuel; Montoya Tena, Gerardo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1996-12-31
Four artificial intelligence tools developed at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) to support the analysis of high tension insulator flaming are described. The first tool builds up a decision tree departing from historical data, the other 3 tools operate departing from the decision tree previously created to generate production rules, function as an expert system and make tests with many already known cases. These tools could predict the impending occurrence of flaming with enough time allowance for the insulators to be cleaned, since the traditional practice is the periodical cleaning of the insulators and this is not always adequate since the cleaning teams are limited, and the action of the environment is not always constant and for that reason insulators that do not need it are cleaned and vice-versa [Espanol] Se describen 4 herramientas de inteligencia artificial desarrolladas en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) para apoyar al analisis de flameos en aisladores de alta tension. La primera herramienta construye el arbol de decision a partir de datos historicos; las otras 3 herramientas operan a partir del arbol de decision previamente creado para generar reglas de produccion, funcionar a la manera de un sistema experto y hacer pruebas con muchos casos conocidos. Estas herramientas podrian predecir la ocurrencia inminente del flameo con tiempo suficiente para que los aisladores se limpien, ya que la forma tradicional es limpiar periodicamente los aisladores y esto a veces no es adecuado debido a que las cuadrillas de limpieza son limitadas, ademas de que la accion del medio ambiente no es constante y es por eso que a veces se limpian aisladores que no lo necesitan o viceversa
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rodriguez Ortiz, Guillermo; Mejia Lavalle, Manuel; Montoya Tena, Gerardo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1997-12-31
Four artificial intelligence tools developed at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) to support the analysis of high tension insulator flaming are described. The first tool builds up a decision tree departing from historical data, the other 3 tools operate departing from the decision tree previously created to generate production rules, function as an expert system and make tests with many already known cases. These tools could predict the impending occurrence of flaming with enough time allowance for the insulators to be cleaned, since the traditional practice is the periodical cleaning of the insulators and this is not always adequate since the cleaning teams are limited, and the action of the environment is not always constant and for that reason insulators that do not need it are cleaned and vice-versa [Espanol] Se describen 4 herramientas de inteligencia artificial desarrolladas en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) para apoyar al analisis de flameos en aisladores de alta tension. La primera herramienta construye el arbol de decision a partir de datos historicos; las otras 3 herramientas operan a partir del arbol de decision previamente creado para generar reglas de produccion, funcionar a la manera de un sistema experto y hacer pruebas con muchos casos conocidos. Estas herramientas podrian predecir la ocurrencia inminente del flameo con tiempo suficiente para que los aisladores se limpien, ya que la forma tradicional es limpiar periodicamente los aisladores y esto a veces no es adecuado debido a que las cuadrillas de limpieza son limitadas, ademas de que la accion del medio ambiente no es constante y es por eso que a veces se limpian aisladores que no lo necesitan o viceversa
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ramos, G.; Heard, Ch.; Sanchez Viveros, A. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas,Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1997-12-31
Every one involved with the conservation and efficient use of electric energy, has listened in reiterative occasions to the causes that changed the conventional mentality at the beginning of the seventies. Nevertheless, there are many persons that still ignore that by using the energy rationally, their costs are significantly reduced, their comfort is enhanced and the environmental problems are minimized. Specifically, in the domestic sector, from the figures reported by the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) in 1996, the electric energy sold was 28,410 Gwh, that is, 23.4% of the total consumption (121,579 Gwh). Table 1 presents the average by tariff in the national domestic sector, which shows that 20% of the electricity consumed was required for environmental conditioning (air conditioning, evaporative coolers and electric fans). The above figures quantitatively show that there is a strong impact in the consumption of electric energy due to weather conditions. For this reason, currently the Comision Nacional de Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) and the Fideicomiso para el Ahorro de Energia (FIDE) are promoting standards and projects to propitiate the rationalization in the use of energy, besides of achieving the improvement of thermal comfort conditions. One more case would be the Fideicomiso para el Aislamiento Termico de la Vivienda en Mexicali (FIPATERM), which promotes the financing of saving measures and efficient energy use in cities with extreme climate. This paper describes the strategy that was followed by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), for the development of the human and material infrastructure, that has allowed the sustainment of several projects in the saving and efficient use of energy in CFE, CONAE, FIDE, FIPATERM and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), concretely in relationship with the thermal analysis of dwellings. [Espanol] Todos aquellos relacionados con el ahorro y el uso eficiente de la energia electrica, han
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ramos, G; Heard, Ch; Sanchez Viveros, A [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas,Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1998-12-31
Every one involved with the conservation and efficient use of electric energy, has listened in reiterative occasions to the causes that changed the conventional mentality at the beginning of the seventies. Nevertheless, there are many persons that still ignore that by using the energy rationally, their costs are significantly reduced, their comfort is enhanced and the environmental problems are minimized. Specifically, in the domestic sector, from the figures reported by the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) in 1996, the electric energy sold was 28,410 Gwh, that is, 23.4% of the total consumption (121,579 Gwh). Table 1 presents the average by tariff in the national domestic sector, which shows that 20% of the electricity consumed was required for environmental conditioning (air conditioning, evaporative coolers and electric fans). The above figures quantitatively show that there is a strong impact in the consumption of electric energy due to weather conditions. For this reason, currently the Comision Nacional de Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) and the Fideicomiso para el Ahorro de Energia (FIDE) are promoting standards and projects to propitiate the rationalization in the use of energy, besides of achieving the improvement of thermal comfort conditions. One more case would be the Fideicomiso para el Aislamiento Termico de la Vivienda en Mexicali (FIPATERM), which promotes the financing of saving measures and efficient energy use in cities with extreme climate. This paper describes the strategy that was followed by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), for the development of the human and material infrastructure, that has allowed the sustainment of several projects in the saving and efficient use of energy in CFE, CONAE, FIDE, FIPATERM and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), concretely in relationship with the thermal analysis of dwellings. [Espanol] Todos aquellos relacionados con el ahorro y el uso eficiente de la energia electrica, han
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Lagunas Mendoza, Javier
2004-11-15
This work presents the development of a fuzzy supervisory controller for a hybrid power system (HPS). After reviewing the actual configurations for Hybrid Systems used around the world, it was defined the configuration and constitutive elements to be implemented in proposed HPS. The HPS includes: photovoltaic arrays, wind turbines as renewable sources, a Gen-set as a back-up system, a battery bank a mean for energy storage, AC loads and finally an inverter to transform DC to AC in order to provide electricity to the loads. Once the HPS configuration was selected, the mathematical models for the different elements of the system were selected. The validation of the models was made comparing the results from the model with collected real data of an experimental HPS installed in Pachuca Hidalgo. Using MatLab it was developed a program to simulate the operation of the a HPS. The main function of the supervisory controller within the HPS is to satisfy the objectives of operation of the system, and it was defined as part of the research work. The operation philosophy of the supervisory controller was defined having selected HPS configuration and the operation objectives of the system. Regarding to the supervisory controller development, first it was carried out a bibliographic review of the supervisory controllers that are used nowadays whose use some techniques of intelligent control. As result form this review the fuzzy logic technique was chosen to be implemented in the supervisory controller proposed. The resulting supervisory controller was a multi- variable system type, and it is implementation was challenging task. Its development was made using the hierarchic decomposition based on meta-knowledge. As result a smaller diffuse systems with a less number of rules were obtained. An important part of the work was the implementation of the supervisory controller in Matlab. The controller tested in the developed simulation program for SHGE. The results of operation of
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TRANSFORMACIONES EN LAS INVESTIGACIONES ANTROPOLÓGICAS sobre naturaleza, ecología y medio ambiente
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
ASTRID ULLOA
2001-01-01
Full Text Available EN LAS INVESTIGACIONES ANTROPOLÓGICAS HA HABIDO UN LARGO PROCESO DE TRANSformación e interacción de la noción moderna de la naturaleza con nociones híbridas de cuasi-objetos y cuasi-humanos, así como la transformación de las concepciones de la naturaleza de una entidad apolítica a construcciones sociales con implicaciones políticas. Para analizar estos procesos, este texto presenta una revisión teórica de los cambios que se han dado en las categorías e investigaciones antropológicas sobre naturaleza, ecología y medio ambiente. Se destacan dos tendencias: la primera, ligada al replanteamiento de la dicotomía naturaleza/cultura a la luz de los conocimientos locales. La segunda, relacionada con los aportes de la ecología política, enfatizando el papel de los diferentes actores dentro de los discursos ambientales. Finalmente, se contextualizan las perspectivas de investigación sobre naturaleza, ecología y medio ambiente en América latina y en Colombia.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Huerta, Javier [Comision Federal de Electricidad, La Paz, Baja California Sur (Mexico); Johnston, Peter [Technology Development, Arizona (United States); Napikoski, Chester [Generation Engineering, Arizona (United States); Escutia, Ricardo [Comision Federal de Electricidad, Baja California Sur (Mexico)
2000-07-01
The Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), and the northamerican electric company Arizona Public Service (APS), made an agreement of collaboration to develop a project of generating electricity with the use of renewable resources. The premises that where agreed on are the following: 1. Focus the project a rural community. 2. The cost of the whole project should be lower than compared to the interconnection to a conventional system. 3. Acceptance of the community, and the governmental authorities. 4. Sustentability of the operation of the system. Several technical and economical analysis where done, such as the evaluation of the solar and eolic resources, study of the environmental impact, negotiation agreements so it would be possible to obtain de economical resources from Niagara Mohawk (NIMO), and the USAID, all of this thru the supervising of the Sandia National Laboratories. After the anemometric and solar radiation measures where made, it was considered that the community of San Juanico, en Baja California Sur, Mexico, was the most feasible one, it was necessary also to consider the aspects of logistics, socials, size of the community and as a detonator for the economic activities of tourism and fishing. The APS formulated the executive project in accordance with the recommendations of the different areas of CFE. The project consists basically in the installation of 10 wind generators of 10 Kw, a battery bank for 432 KWh, plus a diesel generator for emergencies of 80 Kw. Besides the civil and electromechanical installation. It was necessary to involve the community in the knowledge and followup of the project form it's, considering that this factor would be essential, so it could be successful. Lamps of low consumption where installed on the houses and street lightning, to optimize the system. The patronato that is a civil association of the community, is in charge of the administration of the system, it receives support from personnel of CFE. The income that
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Libreros, Domitilo; Castanon Jimenez, Jose Ismael [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1988-12-31
This article is centered around the substitution of the conventional electric protections of a power plant in connection type unit for protections based in microprocessors. A general model of conventional protection of a power plant is described and the number of analogic and digital signals that intervene in that model are quantified. A model is setup for power plant protection with microprocessors, analyzing each one of the modules that would form it. Finally, the algorithms to carry on such protection are presented. [Espanol] Este articulo se centra en torno a la sustitucion de las protecciones electricas convencionales de una central generadora en conexion tipo unidad por protecciones basadas en microprocesadores. Se describe el modelo general de proteccion convencional de una central generadora y se cuantifica el numero de senales analogicas y digitales que interviene en dicho modelo. Se propone un modelo para proteccion de centrales generadoras mediante microprocesadores, analizandose cada uno de los modulos que lo conformarian. Finalmente, se presentan los algoritmos para realizar dicha proteccion.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Libreros, Domitilo; Castanon Jimenez, Jose Ismael [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1987-12-31
This article is centered around the substitution of the conventional electric protections of a power plant in connection type unit for protections based in microprocessors. A general model of conventional protection of a power plant is described and the number of analogic and digital signals that intervene in that model are quantified. A model is setup for power plant protection with microprocessors, analyzing each one of the modules that would form it. Finally, the algorithms to carry on such protection are presented. [Espanol] Este articulo se centra en torno a la sustitucion de las protecciones electricas convencionales de una central generadora en conexion tipo unidad por protecciones basadas en microprocesadores. Se describe el modelo general de proteccion convencional de una central generadora y se cuantifica el numero de senales analogicas y digitales que interviene en dicho modelo. Se propone un modelo para proteccion de centrales generadoras mediante microprocesadores, analizandose cada uno de los modulos que lo conformarian. Finalmente, se presentan los algoritmos para realizar dicha proteccion.
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de investigaciones científicas
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Stephany Laguna Sanjuanelo
2007-01-01
Full Text Available En este trabajo se explican de manera amplia las violaciones éticas que se cometen con mayor frecuencia al momento de publicar artículos científicos ya sea porque no se tiene el conocimiento necesario o porque se cree necesario realizarlas. Se hace referencia al proceso editorial y la parte ética que éste conlleva, el concepto de autoría y los criterios existentes para denominar a una persona autora de un artículo, además de explicar el proceso de revisión por pares por el cual pasan todas las investigaciones para su validación antes de ser publicadas. También se analizan las violaciones éticas más comunes y fáciles de cometer si no se tiene el conocimiento, como son el plagio y la publicación duplicada, y se adjuntan guías prácticas para evitar cometerlas. Por último hablamos de consideraciones finales que se deben tener en cuenta antes de publicar artículos, tales como los conflictos de interés y el consentimiento informado, los cuales son muy importantes al momento de validar la información que se presente en el artículo en cuestión.
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Lupión Cobos, Teresa; Franco-Mariscal, Antonio Joaquín
2017-01-01
Se muestran los resultados de un estudio con profesores y estudiantes de secundaria que participaron en investigaciones que implican un modelo colaborativo estudiante-profesor-científico (STPSs) en el marco Science IES, referido a las implicaciones sociales de la ciencia y la tecnología movilizadas por estas investigaciones. Como instrumento se usaron varias cuestiones del cuestionario TOSRA sobre actitudes hacia la ciencia. Los resultados evidencian avances importantes en el cambio de actitu...
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Las nuevas investigaciones traductológicas y la actualidad científica de Freud
Luiz Alberto Hanns
2011-01-01
En este artículo presento algunas de mis investigaciones sobre la traducción de Freud y su impacto en una lectura contemporánea de su obra. Partiendo de la palabra «Trieb» (pulsión/instinto) trato de mostrar que la teoría freudiana es de actualidad por ser integradora de cuerpo, cerebro y mente.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Peralta Solorio, Jose Luis [Fideicomiso para el Ahorro de la Energia (Mexico)
2005-07-15
An extension study of the Financing Program for Energy Saving looked for the evaluation of the electric energy saving potential obtained by the replacement of air conditioning equipment and the application of thermal insulation in 30 houses of two Mexican cities with warmth climate. In a joint effort with Comision Federal de Electricidad the consumption files of the users were analyzed and field measurements of electric demand and of refrigeration were made. As a following step the change of the refrigeration necessities derived from the application of thermal insulation were evaluated as well as the energy efficiency improvement obtained by the substitution of the air conditioning equipment and the favorable results obtained by the implementation of both measures - thermal insulation and change of air conditioning equipment in a joint form. This way, as a conclusion, the optimum sequence of application of these measures is revealed. [Spanish] Un estudio extension del Programa de Financiamiento para el Ahorro de Energia Electrica busco evaluar el potencial de ahorro de energia electrica alcanzado por el reemplazo de equipos de aire acondicionado y la aplicacion de aislamiento termico en 30 viviendas de dos ciudades mexicanas con clima calido. En un esfuerzo conjunto con la Comision Federal de Electricidad se analizaron los historiales de consumo de los usuarios y se efectuaron las mediciones de campo de demanda electrica y de refrigeracion. Como paso siguiente se valoro el cambio en las necesidades de refrigeracion derivado de la aplicacion de aislamiento termico al igual que la mejora en eficiencia energetica obtenida por la sustitucion de aire acondicionado y se identificaron los resultados favorecedores arrojados por la implementacion de ambas medidas -aislamiento termico y cambio de equipo de aire acondicionado- en forma conjunta. De esta manera, como conclusion, se devela la mas optima secuencia de aplicacion de estas medidas.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1996-04-01
This article presents an experience conducted by the Brazilian CELESC - Centrais Electricas de Santa Catarina, by installing two low voltage Si C lightning rods, one near of a batch of distribution transformers, and the other in the protection and measurement cabinet. That installation considered the high number of damages in transformers and meters in a region where 118 days of storm are detected. For the study, two regions presented similar climate characteristics and high number of damaged equipment. The low voltage lightning rods were installed only in one of the regions.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ramos Berumen, Carlos; Ramirez Benitez, Juan Rafael; Lopez Perez, Manuel de Jesus; Beltran Adan, Jose; Lagunas Mendoza, Javier [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2010-11-15
A solar concentrator prototype of Parabolic Trough (PT) for solar process heat generation has been designed, manufactured and put into operation by the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas. By means of a sun tracking mechanism controlled by an automatic device, the PT is moving from East to West during the day then this way the solar energy is focused continually over the lineal receiver. Such movement is reached thanks to the electronic module fitted with special software. In this paper, the design of an electronic module based on calculation algorithm of the sun position along the day and over the year which controls the PT sun tracking is presented. The main purpose of the development is to integrate a control system which is using the algorithm of low cost (it was tested in a commercial system with success). [Spanish] El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) ha disenado, fabricado y puesto en operacion un prototipo de concentrador solar de canal parabolico para la generacion de calor de proceso. La tecnologia termosolar a concentracion de canal parabolica mantiene el concentrador moviendose de este a oeste durante el dia, enfocando continuamente el sol en el receptor lineal, mediante un mecanismo y un control automatico que permite el seguimiento aparente del sol. Se ha desarrollado el software para el control del mecanismo de seguimiento solar. En este articulo se presenta el diseno de un modulo electronico que controla el mecanismo de seguimiento solar de un canal parabolico, el cual tiene sus bases en un algoritmo que calcula la posicion del sol durante todo el dia y a lo largo del ano. El proposito principal es integrar un sistema de control de bajo costo, que utilice el algoritmo desarrollado por el IIE, el cual fue probado con exito en un sistema comercial para el seguimiento solar de un canal parabolico.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Buendia Dominguez, E. H. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico); Merlos Rueda, R. M. [Programa de Ahorro de Energia para el Sector Electrico, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1995-12-31
The Programa de Ahorro de Energia para el Sector Electrico (PAESE) (Program for Energy Conservation for the Electric Sector) in collaboration with the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), decided to evaluate technically and economically the possibilities of operating the Comision Federal de Electricidad`s Thermoelectric Power Stations (TPS), eventually to be retired as cogeneration units in supplying thermal energy to industry. The study was focussed to the Monterrey and San Jeronimo Power Stations, determining in a first stage, the optimum radius for handling and transporting steam and/or hot water and so to define the industries that potentially could obtain heat energy from the TPS, in this stage the thermal needs of the evaluated industries were determined (pressure, temperature and flow). In a second stage, the different arrangements to be made to operate the selected TPS, so as to be in position of satisfying such thermal energy demands were evaluated. This paper presents the results of this study. [Espanol] El Programa de Ahorro de Energia para el Sector Electrico (PAESE), en colaboracion con el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, decidieron evaluar tecnica y economicamente las posibilidades de operar las centrales termoelectricas (CT`s) de la Comision Federal de Electricidad, eventualmente retirables, como unidades de cogeneracion al ofrecer calor a la industria. El estudio se enfoco en las centrales de Monterrey y San Jeronimo, determinado en una primera etapa el radio optimo para el manejo y transporte de vapor y/o agua caliente y asi definir a las industrias que potencialmente podrian recibir calor de las CT`s, en esta etapa se determinaron las necesidades termicas de las industrias evaluadas (presion, temperatura y flujo). En una segunda etapa se evaluo los diferentes arreglos para operar las CT`s seleccionadas para que pudieran satisfacer dichas demandas termicas. En este trabajo se presentaron los resultados de dicho estudio.
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Module generator of plans for dynamic processes; Modulo generdor de planes para procesos dinamicos
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Reyes B, Alberto; Fernandez J, Jose L [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2002-07-01
This work describes the generating module of plans (Geplan) as a part of the project: Development of Techniques of Intelligent Planning for Dynamic Processes, based on techniques of artificial intelligence, and that is being developed in the Gerencia de Control e Instrumentacion the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). The study case corresponds to the elaboration of a plan to help the plant operators in the task of taking a combined cycle central (CCC) to a stable state of operation given a specific load level. The architecture of the module generator of plans is presented and the codification of the actions allowed (ACT) is illustrated by means of rules, in addition the challenges that are due to face so that the system operates in line with the process. Also the technical aspects of the generator of plans, as well as the benefits and expectations of their use in any CCC are mentioned. [Spanish] En este trabajo se describe el modulo generador de planes (Geplan) como parte del proyecto Desarrollo de Tecnicas de Planificacion Inteligente para Procesos Dinamicos, basado en tecnicas de inteligencia Artificial, y que estan desarrollandose en la Gerencia de Control e Instrumentacion del Instituto de Investigaciones Electrica (IIE). El caso de estudio corresponde a la elaboracion de un plan para asistir a los operadores de planta en la tarea de llevar una central de ciclo combinado (CCC) a un estado estable de operacion dedo un nivel de carga especifico. Se presenta la arquitectura del modulo generador de planes y se ilustra la codificacion de las acciones permitidas (ACT) mediante reglas, ademas los retos que se deben enfrentar para que el sistema opere en linea con el proceso. Tambien se mencionan los aspectos tecnicos del generador de planes, asi como los beneficios y expectativas de su uso en cualquier CCC.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Buendia Dominguez, E H [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico); Merlos Rueda, R M [Programa de Ahorro de Energia para el Sector Electrico, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1996-12-31
The Programa de Ahorro de Energia para el Sector Electrico (PAESE) (Program for Energy Conservation for the Electric Sector) in collaboration with the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), decided to evaluate technically and economically the possibilities of operating the Comision Federal de Electricidad`s Thermoelectric Power Stations (TPS), eventually to be retired as cogeneration units in supplying thermal energy to industry. The study was focussed to the Monterrey and San Jeronimo Power Stations, determining in a first stage, the optimum radius for handling and transporting steam and/or hot water and so to define the industries that potentially could obtain heat energy from the TPS, in this stage the thermal needs of the evaluated industries were determined (pressure, temperature and flow). In a second stage, the different arrangements to be made to operate the selected TPS, so as to be in position of satisfying such thermal energy demands were evaluated. This paper presents the results of this study. [Espanol] El Programa de Ahorro de Energia para el Sector Electrico (PAESE), en colaboracion con el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, decidieron evaluar tecnica y economicamente las posibilidades de operar las centrales termoelectricas (CT`s) de la Comision Federal de Electricidad, eventualmente retirables, como unidades de cogeneracion al ofrecer calor a la industria. El estudio se enfoco en las centrales de Monterrey y San Jeronimo, determinado en una primera etapa el radio optimo para el manejo y transporte de vapor y/o agua caliente y asi definir a las industrias que potencialmente podrian recibir calor de las CT`s, en esta etapa se determinaron las necesidades termicas de las industrias evaluadas (presion, temperatura y flujo). En una segunda etapa se evaluo los diferentes arreglos para operar las CT`s seleccionadas para que pudieran satisfacer dichas demandas termicas. En este trabajo se presentaron los resultados de dicho estudio.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Contreras Lopez, Enrique; Garcia Gutierrez, Alfonso [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1996-12-31
In the frame of the experimental infrastructure development of the Reservoirs Laboratory of the Geothermal Department of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), a methodology that allows the simultaneous determination of the thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat in rock samples and other solid materials of low and medium conductivity, was implemented. The methodology is based in the theoretical solution of temperature distribution around an ideal linear heat source immersed in an infinite medium. The three properties are derived from one relatively simple experiment, that essentially consists in recording the temporary temperature variation in a given point of the specimen during a short heating period. This methodology has special application in the geothermal area, as well as in other areas related to the development and exploitation of underground energy and mineral resources. [Espanol] En el marco de las actividades de desarrollo de infraestructura experimental del Laboratorio de Yacimientos del Departamento de Geotermia del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), se implemento una metodologia que permite determinar simultaneamente la conductividad termica, la difusividad termica y el calor especifico en muestras de rocas y otros materiales solidos de conductividad baja e intermedia. La metodologia se basa en la solucion teorica de la distribucion de temperatura alrededor de una fuente lineal ideal de calor inmersa en un medio infinito. Las tres propiedades se derivan de un solo experimento relativamente simple, que consiste esencialmente en registrar la variacion temporal de la temperatura en un punto dado del especimen durante un corto periodo de calentamiento. Esta metodologia tiene especial aplicacion en el ambito de la geotermia, asi como en otras areas relacionadas con el desarrollo y aprovechamiento de los recursos energeticos y minerales del subsuelo.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Contreras Lopez, Enrique; Garcia Gutierrez, Alfonso [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1997-12-31
In the frame of the experimental infrastructure development of the Reservoirs Laboratory of the Geothermal Department of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), a methodology that allows the simultaneous determination of the thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat in rock samples and other solid materials of low and medium conductivity, was implemented. The methodology is based in the theoretical solution of temperature distribution around an ideal linear heat source immersed in an infinite medium. The three properties are derived from one relatively simple experiment, that essentially consists in recording the temporary temperature variation in a given point of the specimen during a short heating period. This methodology has special application in the geothermal area, as well as in other areas related to the development and exploitation of underground energy and mineral resources. [Espanol] En el marco de las actividades de desarrollo de infraestructura experimental del Laboratorio de Yacimientos del Departamento de Geotermia del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), se implemento una metodologia que permite determinar simultaneamente la conductividad termica, la difusividad termica y el calor especifico en muestras de rocas y otros materiales solidos de conductividad baja e intermedia. La metodologia se basa en la solucion teorica de la distribucion de temperatura alrededor de una fuente lineal ideal de calor inmersa en un medio infinito. Las tres propiedades se derivan de un solo experimento relativamente simple, que consiste esencialmente en registrar la variacion temporal de la temperatura en un punto dado del especimen durante un corto periodo de calentamiento. Esta metodologia tiene especial aplicacion en el ambito de la geotermia, asi como en otras areas relacionadas con el desarrollo y aprovechamiento de los recursos energeticos y minerales del subsuelo.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ortega S, Cesar A; Pacheco A, Maria Jojutla; Orozco V, Jaime A; Cristin V, Miguel A [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2004-07-01
The appropriate monitoring and control of the charging of lead-acid (LAB) batteries is an increasing necessity in an industry that demands systems with low maintenance costs and high availability. The problem of extending the batteries useful life becomes more complex when the batteries are charged through photovoltaic panels. The purpose of the present article is to offer the description of the system for monitoring and control for the charging of batteries developed at the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). This system performs a continuous monitoring of the charging state of the battery and of the main operation parameters. With the extracted information of the data, the fine tuning algorithm control can be made. The data are acquired in a personal computer through a serial connection. Once stored, they are presented to the user in a graphical way so that they can be analyzed. [Spanish] El adecuado monitoreo y control de carga de baterias plomo-acido (BPA) es una necesidad creciente en una industria que demanda sistemas con bajos costos de mantenimiento y alta disponibilidad. El problema de extender la vida util de las baterias se vuelve mas complejo cuando las baterias son cargadas a traves de paneles fotovoltaicos. La intencion del presente articulo es ofrecer la descripcion del sistema para monitoreo y control de carga de baterias desarrollado en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). Este sistema realiza un monitoreo continuo del estado de carga de la bateria y de los principales parametros de operacion. Con la informacion extraida de los datos, se puede hacer la sintonizacion fina del algoritmo de control. Los datos se adquieren en una computadora personal a traves de un enlace serial. Una vez almacenados, se presentan al usuario de manera grafica para que puedan ser analizados.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Arvizu F, Jose L [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico); Saldana M, Jaime L [Sistemas de Energia Internacional S.A. de C.V. (Mexico)
2005-07-01
The biogas from bio-energy electrical power plant of Nuevo Leon represents, in all the national territory, the first experience on the advantage of biogas emitted by the sanitary landfills for the generation of electrical energy. Therefore, one of the specific objectives of this paper is the one of diffusion and reproduction of the same one in other cities of Mexico and Latin America. The project is framed within the world-wide policies on the control of emissions for the reduction of the greenhouse effect gases (GEG) and its impact in the global climatic change. The gas emitted by the trash sanitary landfills, commonly known as biogas, is a gas mixture derived from the decomposition of the organic matter of the municipal trash by microorganisms in anaerobic conditions. Biogas generated in the sanitary landfills has a methane content of 55% and a 35% of carbon dioxide. The balance 10% is made up of water steam, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen sulfur and other gases in minimum amounts. [Spanish] La Central Electrica de Biogas de Bioenergia de Nuevo Leon representa, en todo el territorio nacional, la primera experiencia sobre el aprovechamiento del biogas emitido por los rellenos sanitarios para la generacion de energia electrica. Por esta razon, uno de los objetivos especificos de este trabajo es la de difusion y reproduccion del mismo en otras ciudades de Mexico y Latinoamerica. El proyecto esta enmarcado dentro de las politicas mundiales sobre el control de emisiones para la reduccion de los gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) y su impacto en el cambio climatico global. El gas emitido por la basura dispuesta en los rellenos sanitarios, comunmente conocido como biogas, es una mezcla de gases derivado de la descompensacion de la materia organica de la basura municipal por microorganismos en condiciones anaerobias. El biogas generado en los rellenos sanitarios tiene un contenido de metano del 55% y un 35% de bioxido de carbono. El 10% restante se compone de vapor
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Maria Valentina Locher
2017-01-01
Full Text Available El concepto de formas organizacionales híbridas resulta clave para las investigaciones empíricas realizadas en el marco de la Nueva Economía Institucional. Las formas híbridas suelen considerarse un avance de dicho programa, sin embargo, aquí se argumentará lo contrario: este concepto evidencia limitaciones en las hipótesis fundamentales de aquel programa de investigaciones económicas. En este trabajo se muestra cómo el concepto de formas híbridas es utilizado para interpretar una realidad socioeconómica que desborda los límites de las formas mercantiles de coordinación económica. Luego se mostrará que ello, en el marco de la Nueva Economía Institucional, supone una paradoja insalvable. Finalmente se ensayan nuevas hipótesis para superar esta limitación y se muestran las consecuencias de este problema sobre dos investigaciones empíricas que desbordaron los límites de las formas organizacionales hibridas.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Flores Zamudio, Jesus Antonio; Fernandez Montiel, Manuel Francisco; Alcaraz Calderon, Agustin Moises [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)]. E-mail: jesus.flores@iie.org.mx; mffm@iie.org.mx; malcaraz@iie.org.mx
2010-11-15
In this paper, presents a methodology of how to calculate the emissions of CO{sub 2} (Carbon Dioxide) in cogeneration of plants for evaluate future cases with the type of fuel and fuel flow used in the plant. The methodology was in spreadsheets developed a series of stoichiometric balances. The methodology was done for three types of fossil fuels: solid, liquid and gas. The analysis is made only to the percentages of the items contained in the fuel flow automatically used and results in the combustion products in tons per hour. This method was compared with the results obtained in the software Thermoflow Inc. (Used in Gerencia de Procesos Termicos of Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas for evaluate various process systems that produce energy power) using different cogeneration systems, that is to say about the technology used emissions compared according to the amount of excess air for each type of technology and at one point before the gas cleaning systems. The results can be evaluated for emissions avoided through the fuel type used and developing a cogeneration plant compared to a conventional plant. [Spanish] En este articulo, se presenta una metodologia de como calcular las emisiones de CO{sub 2} (Bioxido de carbono) en plantas de cogeneracion, para evaluar casos a futuro por medio del tipo de combustible y flujo de combustible a utilizar en la planta. La metodologia se realizo en hojas de calculo, donde se desarrollaron una serie de balances estequiometricos. La metodologia se hizo para tres tipos de combustibles fosiles: solido, liquido y gas. El analisis se realiza con solo dar los porcentajes de los elementos que contiene el combustible y el flujo a utilizarse y automaticamente da como resultado los productos de la combustion en toneladas por hora. Esta metodologia se comparo con los resultados obtenidos en el software Thermoflow Inc. (Empleado en la Gerencia de Procesos Termicos del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas para evaluar diversos
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Lopez Luiz, Norberto; Rodriguez Bautista, Jose; Verduzco Figueroa, Hilario; Gudino Lau, Jorge; Galindo Granados, Miguel angel [Universidad de Colima, Facultad de Ingenieria Electromecanica, Manzanillo, Colima (Mexico)]. E-mail: norberto_lopez@ucol.mx
2010-11-15
The aim of this paper is to present the design of a hydraulic microturbine (MTH), which may be installed in areas where supplies are not available for electric power transmission lines, but possessing hydroelectric. MTH's role is to convert hydraulic energy into mechanical work, is coupled to an electric generator, whose function is to convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy. The turbine generator set will produce more electric power the greater the hydroelectric of the area. In southern Mexico, we have great hydroelectric potential, as the case of the states of Veracruz, Chiapas and Oaxaca, which have small causes of rivers where the MTH could be installed and put into operation. [Spanish] El objetivo de este articulo es presentar el diseno de una microturbina hidraulica (MTH), la cual podra ser instalada en zonas donde no se cuente con suministro de energia electrica por medio de lineas de transmision, pero que posean aprovechamientos hidroelectricos. La funcion de la MTH es convertir la energia hidraulica en trabajo mecanico, estara acoplada a un generador electrico, cuya funcion es convertir dicha energia mecanica en energia electrica. El conjunto turbina generador producira mas potencia electrica mientras mayor sea el aprovechamiento hidroelectrico de la zona. En el sur de Mexico contamos con un gran potencial hidroelectrico, como el caso de los estados de Veracruz, Chiapas y Oaxaca, que cuentan con pequenos causes de rios donde las MTH podrian ser instaladas y puestas en operacion.
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Malet, Antoni
2009-01-01
Jose Maria Albareda (1902-1966) was an applied chemist and a prominent member of the Roman Catholic organization, Opus Dei, who played a crucial role in organizing the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientficas (CSIC), the new scientific institution created by the Franco regime in 1939. The paper analyses first the formative years in…
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Concepción AROCA MONTOLÍO
2013-07-01
Full Text Available La familia como primera estructura que acoge al menor posee gran importancia en relación a otros espacios educativos en el desarrollo integral del hijo. En ella, y a través de ella, tienen lugar transmisiones decisivas y persistentes para el ser humano que vienen a realizarse por medio de estilos parentales concretos. En este artículo se plantean dos enfoques, desde nuestra perspectiva, válidos para explicar los estilos educativos en la actualidad: el modelo de construcción conjunta y el modelo interactivo, con tipologías e investigaciones que no han tenido el suficiente eco en otras publicaciones sobre el tema, y que nos parecen relevantes para abrir nuevas líneas de investigación. Los documentos científicos revisados pertenecen a investigaciones formalizadas desde la Pedagogía, Psicología y Criminología aportando, de este modo, un enfoque interdisciplinar que nos proporcionará nuevos aspectos vinculados a las consecuencias de los estilos educativos en el ajuste emocional y conductual de los hijos. Y será a partir de las conclusiones de las investigaciones realizadas desde el modelo interactivo que se nos planteen dudas ante lo establecido en estudios ampliamente aceptados.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ramirez, A; Zehe, A [Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla (Mexico); Starostenko, O [Universidad de las Americas, Puebla, (Mexico); Perez, L [Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla (Mexico)
2003-01-15
In the present paper a theoretical approach is given together with the description of the experimental technique for electrical conductivity measurements of semiconductors in frequency range of 10 GHz, corresponding to a wavelength of {lambda}= 3 cm. It is shown, that the sample conductivity, measured without the need of electrical contacts, Is practically identical with results obtained by direct current methods. The potential use of the method for dielectric measurements in samples of general shape is included in the discussion. Given that the local electrical field is known only in bodies of ellipsoidal shape, one has to apply approximation methods for sample shapes of practical relevance (cylinders, cubes, disks). Finally, the measuring range and corresponding errors are explained on the base of measurements realized with silicon samples. [Spanish] En el presente trabajo se desarrolla la teoria junto con la descripcion del arreglo experimental para la medicion de la conductividad electrica en muestras semiconductoras, utilizando un campo de microondas de {lambda}= 3 cm, correspondiente a una frecuencia n de 10 GHz. Se demuestra que la conductividad electrica medida sin la necesidad de contactos electricos es practicamente identica con resultados obtenidos por el metodo comun utilizando corriente directa (d.c.). Se incorpora en la discusion ademas el potencial del metodo para el estudio de propiedades dielectricas en muestras de geometria general. Dado que solamente en cuerpos con geometria elipsoidal se conoce bien el campo electrico local, y con esto el momento bipolar inducido, para muestras de geometrias mas practicas (cilindros, cubos, discos) se acude a metodos de aproximacion. Finalmente, se discute el rango de mediciones y errores, y se presentan mediciones concretas, utilizando muestras de silicio.
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Quality in research centers; Calidad en centros de investigacion
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Colin Orozco, Leticia [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)
2000-07-01
In order to be able to survive and to have successful in the globalized market, all the organizations must make an effort in learning and understanding the language of the international trade, of the standards that govern it and the technical specifications that are handled for the quality assurance of products and services. In this paper the importance that the implementation of standards ISO-9000 in the research centers has, is presented. [Spanish] Para poder sobrevivir y tener exito en el mercado globalizado todas las organizaciones tienen que esforzarse en el aprendizaje y comprension del lenguaje del comercio internacional, de las normas que lo rigen y de las especificaciones tecnicas que se manejan para asegurar la calidad de los productos y servicios. En este articulo se presenta la importancia que tiene la implantacion de las normas ISO-9000 en los centros de investigacion.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Colin Castellanos, Carlos; Acosta Torres, Aracely [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1993-12-31
In this article a methodology for the selection of the co-generation system better adapted to the energy needs of an industry is presented, covering the following schemes: a) Satisfy the thermal demand and deliver to the net the excess electricity generated. b) Reduce the functioning level of the machine and produce electricity in accordance with the internal demand. The thermal demand will be satisfied, for instance, integrating a boiler in the cycle. c) Satisfy the electric demand and utilize only in part the available heat. d) Or else, reduce the operation level of the machine and produce only the necessary thermal energy, taking from the net the electric energy needed to cover the total demand. [Espanol] En este articulo se presenta una metodologia para la seleccion del sistema de cogeneracion que mejor se adapte a las necesidades energeticas de una industria, cubriendo los siguientes esquemas: a) Satisfacer la demanda termica y ceder a la red el exceso de energia electrica generada. b) Reducir el nivel de funcionamiento de la maquina y producir electricidad de acuerdo a la demanda interna. La demanda termica se cubrira, por ejemplo, integrando una caldera al ciclo. c) Satisfacer la demanda electrica y, utilizar solo en parte el calor disponible. d) O bien, reducir el nivel de operacion de la maquina y solo producir la energia termica necesaria, tomando de la red la energia electrica para cubrir la demanda total.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Colin Castellanos, Carlos; Acosta Torres, Aracely [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1992-12-31
In this article a methodology for the selection of the co-generation system better adapted to the energy needs of an industry is presented, covering the following schemes: a) Satisfy the thermal demand and deliver to the net the excess electricity generated. b) Reduce the functioning level of the machine and produce electricity in accordance with the internal demand. The thermal demand will be satisfied, for instance, integrating a boiler in the cycle. c) Satisfy the electric demand and utilize only in part the available heat. d) Or else, reduce the operation level of the machine and produce only the necessary thermal energy, taking from the net the electric energy needed to cover the total demand. [Espanol] En este articulo se presenta una metodologia para la seleccion del sistema de cogeneracion que mejor se adapte a las necesidades energeticas de una industria, cubriendo los siguientes esquemas: a) Satisfacer la demanda termica y ceder a la red el exceso de energia electrica generada. b) Reducir el nivel de funcionamiento de la maquina y producir electricidad de acuerdo a la demanda interna. La demanda termica se cubrira, por ejemplo, integrando una caldera al ciclo. c) Satisfacer la demanda electrica y, utilizar solo en parte el calor disponible. d) O bien, reducir el nivel de operacion de la maquina y solo producir la energia termica necesaria, tomando de la red la energia electrica para cubrir la demanda total.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Valera Negrete, Jose Adrian [Programa de Ahorro de Energia del Sector Electrico (PAESE), Comision Federal de Electricidad, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico); Sanchez Soto, Ramon [Facultad de Ingenieria, Departamento de Termoenergia de la UNAM, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1998-12-31
This paper shows the effects of the use of reflecting paints in different colors on the buildings roofs and the results in energy saving obtained in a field test carried on in Monterrey, Nuevo Leon State of Mexico using aluminum paint. [Espanol] El presente trabajo muestra los efectos del uso de pinturas reflejantes de diferentes colores en los techos de edificaciones, y los resultados de ahorro de energia electrica obtenidos en una prueba de campo efectuada en Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico, utilizando pintura de aluminio.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Valera Negrete, Jose Adrian [Programa de Ahorro de Energia del Sector Electrico (PAESE), Comision Federal de Electricidad, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico); Sanchez Soto, Ramon [Facultad de Ingenieria, Departamento de Termoenergia de la UNAM, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1999-12-31
This paper shows the effects of the use of reflecting paints in different colors on the buildings roofs and the results in energy saving obtained in a field test carried on in Monterrey, Nuevo Leon State of Mexico using aluminum paint. [Espanol] El presente trabajo muestra los efectos del uso de pinturas reflejantes de diferentes colores en los techos de edificaciones, y los resultados de ahorro de energia electrica obtenidos en una prueba de campo efectuada en Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico, utilizando pintura de aluminio.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Huerta, Javier [Comision Federal de Electricidad, La Paz, Baja California Sur (Mexico); Johnston, Peter [Technology Development, Arizona (United States); Napikoski, Chester [Generation Engineering, Arizona (United States); Escutia, Ricardo [Comision Federal de Electricidad, Baja California Sur (Mexico)
2000-07-01
The Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), and the northamerican electric company Arizona Public Service (APS), made an agreement of collaboration to develop a project of generating electricity with the use of renewable resources. The premises that where agreed on are the following: 1. Focus the project a rural community. 2. The cost of the whole project should be lower than compared to the interconnection to a conventional system. 3. Acceptance of the community, and the governmental authorities. 4. Sustentability of the operation of the system. Several technical and economical analysis where done, such as the evaluation of the solar and eolic resources, study of the environmental impact, negotiation agreements so it would be possible to obtain de economical resources from Niagara Mohawk (NIMO), and the USAID, all of this thru the supervising of the Sandia National Laboratories. After the anemometric and solar radiation measures where made, it was considered that the community of San Juanico, en Baja California Sur, Mexico, was the most feasible one, it was necessary also to consider the aspects of logistics, socials, size of the community and as a detonator for the economic activities of tourism and fishing. The APS formulated the executive project in accordance with the recommendations of the different areas of CFE. The project consists basically in the installation of 10 wind generators of 10 Kw, a battery bank for 432 KWh, plus a diesel generator for emergencies of 80 Kw. Besides the civil and electromechanical installation. It was necessary to involve the community in the knowledge and followup of the project form it's, considering that this factor would be essential, so it could be successful. Lamps of low consumption where installed on the houses and street lightning, to optimize the system. The patronato that is a civil association of the community, is in charge of the administration of the system, it receives support from personnel of CFE. The income
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Revuelta, J.; Lopez Sanz, R.
2010-07-01
This article describes the past and forecasted evolution of the electric production of the Spanish system (excluding the Spanish isolated systems), according to the records of the System Operator, Red Electrica de Espana, and the studies of its Network Planning department. The behaviour of the demand is analysed, as well as the evolution of the generation mix. The article expose the main recent changes the sector has undergone and points out the main future challenge it will face regarding the forecasted evolution of the demand, the integration of renewable energy sources, and the energy objectives established at European and national level. (Author)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1993-12-31
This paper delineates the results of the demonstration project for electric energy saving, which is one of the twenty four projects in which the Fideicomiso de Apoyo al Programa de Ahorro de Energia (FIDE) sponsors the diagnosis as well as the applied measures and the measures currently in application. Also the potential opportunity areas and the measures applied and in course of application, as well as the required investments and their recuperation periods. [Espanol] En este trabajo se describen los resultados del proyecto de demostracion de ahorro de energia electrica que es uno de los veinticuatro proyectos, en los que el Fideicomiso de Apoyo al Programa de Ahorro de Energia (FIDE) financia tanto el diagnostico como la aplicacion de medidas. Se presentan tanto las areas de oportunidad, potenciales y medidas aplicadas y en aplicacion, asi como las inversiones requeridas y los periodos de recuperacion de las mismas.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1992-12-31
This paper delineates the results of the demonstration project for electric energy saving, which is one of the twenty four projects in which the Fideicomiso de Apoyo al Programa de Ahorro de Energia (FIDE) sponsors the diagnosis as well as the applied measures and the measures currently in application. Also the potential opportunity areas and the measures applied and in course of application, as well as the required investments and their recuperation periods. [Espanol] En este trabajo se describen los resultados del proyecto de demostracion de ahorro de energia electrica que es uno de los veinticuatro proyectos, en los que el Fideicomiso de Apoyo al Programa de Ahorro de Energia (FIDE) financia tanto el diagnostico como la aplicacion de medidas. Se presentan tanto las areas de oportunidad, potenciales y medidas aplicadas y en aplicacion, asi como las inversiones requeridas y los periodos de recuperacion de las mismas.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Birkle, Peter [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2001-07-01
It was verified the use of environmental isotopes as a useful method to improve the efficiency of the present exploitation in oil fields of the Gulf of Mexico. In general, the stable isotopes like deuterium, 18 O, 13 C, 37 Cl, 87 Sr and 34 S, support in questions on the origin of waters, its quality, the geochemistry evolution, recharge processes, interaction water-rock, origin of the salinity and contamination processes, whereas the radioactive isotopes (Tritium, 14 C, 36 I and 129 I) provide information on the time of circulation, the origin and the age of underground waters. Since year 1998, the Gerencia de Geotermia of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas is making investigation projects in the oil fields of the Actives of Production Luna, Pol-Chuc, Chilpilla-Colomo (all of them in the state of Tabasco) and Cactus-Sitio Grande (Chiapas) in the South Region of PEMEX Exploration and Production (PEP). As primary target of these studies hidrogeological models were developed on the migration and circulation of the fluids in the oil fields with the purpose of limiting the water invasion in producing wells and to increase the crude oil production. [Spanish] Se comprobo el uso de los isotopos ambientales como un metodo util para mejorar la eficiencia de la explotacion actual en yacimientos petroleros del golfo de Mexico. En general, los isotopos estables como deuterio, 18 O, 13 C, 37 Cl, 87 Sr y 34 S, apoyan en cuestiones sobre el origen de las aguas, su calidad, la evolucion geoquimica, procesos de recarga, interaccion agua-roca, origen de la salinidad y procesos de contaminacion, mientras que los isotopos radiactivos (Tritio, 14 C, 36 l Y 129 I) proporcionan informacion sobre el tiempo de circulacion, el origen y la edad de las aguas subterraneas. Desde el ano 1998, la Gerencia de Geotermia del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas esta realizando proyectos de investigacion en los campos petroleros de los activos de Produccion Luna, Pol-Chuc, Chilpilla
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
1990-12-31
The objective of the Department of Applied Research is to carry out research on fields of physics, materials sciences, chemistry and engineering. Some branches of research can be mentioned: high Tc superconductors, hydrogen storage in metallic hydrides, extractive metallurgy of strategic minerals and others. In the first case, both the Development Division and the Thermodynamics group in the Metallurgy Division, have actively participated. [Espanol] El Dpto. de Investigacion Aplicada tiene como objetivo realizar investigacion en campos de la fisica, ciencias de materiales, quimica e ingenieria. Se pueden citar nuevas lineas de trabajo, entre ellos: los superconductores ceramicos de alta temperatura critica, el almacenamiento de hidrogeno en hidruros metalicos, el desarrollo de una servo-cuna computarizada, la metalurgia extractiva de materiales estrategicos y otros. En el primer caso han participado activamente la Div. Desarrollo y el Grupo de Termodinamica de la Division Metalurgia.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Vazquez R, Miguel; Gutierrez A, Ruben [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico); Rodriguez P, Alejandro [Centro Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo Tecnologico (Cenidet), Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2005-07-01
Fuel cells, as totally clean power plants, have many applications in the industry in general, in the transport system, in the electricity generation for domestic consumption and in the communication systems, among others. When developing new forms of generation with renewable energy sources, it must be considered that petroleum will stop in being an available power resource. The interest in the study of the fuel cells has been increased in the last years because it is considered a solution to the supply of distributed energy problem. Therefore, already exist research institutions that are developing work on this technology. A generation of electrical energy system based on fuel cells is a nonlinear system where the control of the variables of the process, such as the temperature of the system and the pressurization of the reactants, are an important aspect for its proper operation, since it influences in the water balance and therefore in the global efficiency of the system. [Spanish] Las celdas de combustible, como fuente de energia totalmente limpia, tienen muchas aplicaciones en la industria en general: en el sistema de transporte, en la generacion de electricidad para consumo domestico y en los sistemas de comunicacion, entre otros. Al desarrollar nuevas formas de generacion con fuentes de energia renovables, se debe considerar que el petroleo dejara de ser un recurso energetico disponible. El interes en el estudio de las celdas de combustible se ha incrementado en los ultimos anos debido a que se le considera una solucion al problema de abasto de energia distribuida. Por lo tanto, ya existen instituciones de investigacion que estan desarrollando trabajos sobre esta tecnologia. Un sistema de generacion de energia electrica basado en celdas de combustible es un sistema no lineal en donde el control de las variables del proceso, tales como la temperatura del sistema y la presurizacion de los reactantes, es un aspecto importante para su buen funcionamiento, ya que
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Martinez M, Miguel A; Flores L, Zenon; Delgadillo V, Miguel A; Gutierrez A, Ruben [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2001-07-01
This article deals on the Automatic System of Tests, denominated PROBADOR, used by the Gerencia de Control e Instrumentation (GCI) of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE)for the accomplishment of dynamic tests in laboratory, to the systems of acquisition and control developed with the electronic line SAC-IIE that are installed in the Thermoelectric Power station of Combined Cycle (CTCC) of Dos Bocas, Veracruz and Gomez Palacio, Durango, Mexico. Also the architecture, the functions that are carried out in the equipment of the System of Acquisition and control (SAC) and in the personal computer (PC) that conforms it are described, as well as the methodology used for the development of the tests. The PC constitutes Interface Man-Machine (IMM) and in the SAC equipment the simulation of the processes is made (by means of the execution of algebraic-differential equations) in the compressor, combustion chamber, gas turbine, heat recuperators, steam turbines and condenser equipment that integrate a CTCC. The equations that are used are based in the thermodynamics, flow dynamics and heat transfer; they become attached to the real process with a margin of error that is estimated in 10%. Finally, the tendencies of the PROBADOR and the technical and economic advantages are described that it has provided for the improvement in the performance of the control systems, before different situations, with no need to have the real process. [Spanish] Este articulo versa sobre el Sistema Automatico de Pruebas, denominado PROBADOR, utilizado por la Gerencia de Control e Instrumentacion (GCI) del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas para la realizacion de pruebas dinamicas en laboratorio, a los sistemas de adquisicion y control desarrollado con la linea electronica SAC-IIE que estan instalados en las Centrales Termoelectricas de Ciclo Combinado (CTCC) de Dos Bocas, Veracruz y Gomez Palacio, Durango, Mexico. Tambien se describen la arquitectura, las funciones que se llevan
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Redes de contacto sociales: ?(spanishfactor clave para la labor de investigacion universitaria?
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Hermosilla Yenia Melo
2002-01-01
Full Text Available Dentro del ámbito de la labor universitaria, el nexo permanente entre docencia, investigación y difusión, constituye un factor de vital importancia. Bajo este prisma, un elemento fundamental para la formación permanente del personal académico es su compromiso con la realización de investigaciones, que contribuyan a generar nuevos conocimientos y a ampliar sus perspectivas de desarrollo. Siguiendo esta línea de razonamiento, este artículo examina el medio ambiente de investigación universitaria, específicamente, el tema de la vinculación o red de contactos de 19 investigadores, pertenecientes a diferentes áreas del conocimiento, con la sociedad circundante y el mundo de la investigación. Las bases teóricas del estudio se relacionan con dos niveles de análisis. El primero de naturaleza sociológica, se centra en la relación ciencia-sociedad. El segundo, de naturaleza psicológica, aborda aspectos que se refieren a la relación individuo-conocimiento. La perspectiva cualitativa, a través de una aproximación fenomenográfica, describe la metodología empleada en este estudio. Por ello, las percepciones del grupo de académicos participantes, fueron conocidas a través de entrevistas en profundidad. Los resultados revelan características de las redes de contacto, motivaciones que originan estos vínculos, estrategias relacionadas con su forma de construcción y de utilización, efectos en la labor de investigación. El estudio concluye con reflexiones finales, entre las que se destacan posibles proyectos para futuras investigaciones sobre el tema abordado.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Martinez R, Rogelio E; Ramirez G, Miguel; Melgar G, Jose L; Codero C, Juan C; Romero J, Guillermo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2001-07-01
In this article are described the design and implementation of an interface control-process and the formulation of the process models for the simulation of the vibration amplitudes of the steam and gas turbines and of the monitoring system of gas discharges, which comprise a simulator of total reach of combined cycle units. These three systems had to be developed and implemented in the simulator of combined cycle units, that the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) developed for the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), with the purpose of solving different problematic caused by the use of a platform of commercial software for the construction of simulators. The problematic presented by the platform of software is briefly described, as well as the solutions contributed with respect to the interconnection of signals control-process, and to the lack of models of the mechanical part of the steam and gas turbines, and of the monitoring system of polluting emissions. [Spanish] En este articulo se describen el diseno e implantacion de una interfaz control-proceso y la formulacion de los modelos de proceso para la simulacion de las amplitudes de vibracion de las turbinas de gas y de vapor y del sistema de monitoreo de emisiones de gases, los cuales forman parte de un simulador de alcance total de unidades de ciclo combinado. Estos tres sistemas tuvieron que ser desarrollados e implementados en el simulador de unidades de ciclo combinado, que el Instituto de Investigaciones electricas (IIE) desarrollo para la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), con el fin de resolver diferentes problematicas ocasionadas por la utilizacion de una plataforma de software comercial para la construccion de simuladores. Se describen brevemente las problematicas presentadas por la plataforma de software, asi como las soluciones aportadas en lo relativo a la interconexion de senales control-proceso, y a la falta de modelos de la parte mecanica de las turbinas de gas y de vapor, y
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rivas S, Alfonso; Uribe B, Carlos E; Alvarez C, Victor [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2002-07-01
In order to take care of the modernization of the Combined Cycle Central of Gomez Palacio (CCCGP) of the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), through the Management of Supervision of Processes (GSP) developed the subsystem of Interface Man-Machine (IMM), to replace the workstations that are deteriorated and obsolete by personal computers, maintaining the same functions of the IMM of the present system, including the management and processing functions that at the present time another system makes. Also, to replace the equipment of the concentrators of communications by a PC with greater capacity, than allows improving in general the flexibility and robustness of the system. Among the main functions integrated in the IMM subsystem there are: the communications master with the controllers (equipment SAC), redundancy of servers, database, historical registry storage, alarm management, tabulations, tendency graphs in real time and historical, process diagrams and Control Panels. [Spanish] Con el objeto de atender las necesidades de modernizacion de la Central de Ciclo Combinado Gomez Palacio (CCCGP) de la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE), el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), a traves de la Gerencia de Supervision de Procesos (GSP) desarrollo el subsistema de Interfaz Hmbre-Maquina (IHM), para reemplazar las estaciones de trabajo que se encuentran deterioradas y obsoletas por computadoras personales, manteniendo las mismas funciones de la IHM del sistema actual, incluyendo las funciones de administracion y procesamiento que en la actualidad realiza otro sistema. Asimismo, para reemplazar los equipos de los concentradores de comunicaciones por PC con mayor capacidad, que permitan mejorar la flexibilidad y robustez del sistema en general. Entre las principales funciones integradas en el subsistema de IHM se encuentran: el Maestro de comunicaciones con los controladores (equipo SAC), redundancia de
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Information systems for civil engineering; Sistemas de informacion para ingenieria civil
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
De Buen R, Pablo R; Alvarado G, Alonso; Alaniz Q, Felipe de J; Guerrero F, Vicente A. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2004-07-01
Since its beginnings, in the Gerencia de Ingenieria Civil (GIC) of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) the interest has existed to take advantage of and to promote the advantages that the appropriate use of the computerizing systems in the different tasks of civil engineering in the power sector represent. Either as a part of its infrastructure or at the request of their clients, at the GIC have been developed calculation systems for the analysis and design of special structures such as turbo-generators foundations, poles for transmission and distribution and transmission towers, in addition the information systems for the consultation and the analysis of diverse information, such as the related to the Manuals of Civil Works of the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) or the relative to the existing instruments in the large dams of our country. In this article are briefly described some of the computer systems developed by the GIC in recent years. [Spanish] Desde sus inicios, en la Gerencia de Ingenieria Civil (GIC) del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) ha existido el interes por aprovechar y promover las ventajas que representa el uso adecuado de los sistemas de computo en las diferentes tareas de ingenieria civil en el sector energetico. Ya sea como parte de su infraestructura o a solicitud de sus clientes, en la GIC se han desarrollado sistemas de calculo para el analisis y diseno de estructuras especiales como lo son las cimentaciones de turbogeneradores, los postes para transmision y distribucion y las torres de transmision, ademas de sistemas de informacion para la consulta y el analisis de informacion diversa, como es la relacionada con los manuales de obras civiles de la Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) o a la relativa a los instrumentos existentes en las grandes presas de nuestro pais. En este articulo se describen brevemente algunos de los sistemas de computo desarrollos por la GIC en anos recientes.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ramos Berumen, Carlos; Ramirez Benitez, Juan Rafael; Beltran Adan, Jose [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)]. E-mail: cramos@iie.org.mx; rramirez@iie.org.mx; jose.beltran@iie.org.mx
2010-11-15
The transformation industry normally uses thermal energy within its process, it obtains this energy burning fossils fuel, a new option is to use new technologies like the thermal solar technology like the parabolic trough, this is a long parabolic mirror used to reflect the sunlight and focused on an absorber tube with a heat-conducting fluid inside. The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) developed a prototype of parabolic trough that is operating in different industries, in this article are showing some improvements to the design, giving like result the second generation of the prototype of parabolic trough of the IIE. [Spanish] La industria de la transformacion normalmente utiliza energia termica dentro de su proceso, los medios convencionales para obtener esta energia es el quemar combustibles fosiles, una opcion que aplica nuevas tecnologias es el uso de la tecnologia termosolar a concentracion que le permitira a la industria utilizar el sol como fuente de energia primaria. El uso de esta tecnologia permitira a las empresas generar calor de proceso sin contaminar el ambiente, lo que dara como resultado empresas competitivas y autosuficientes. Para alcanzar temperaturas utiles a estas aplicaciones se requiere concentrar la energia solar en un area mas pequena, siendo la tecnologia mas extendida la de canal parabolico, el principio de operacion de esta tecnologia es la de concentrar la radiacion solar en el eje receptor preparado con una pintura especial para una mejor absorcion del calor y una cubierta de vidrio para evitar perdidas termicas, dentro del tubo circula un fluido caloportador el cual lleva el calor util hacia el proceso. El Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) desarrollo un prototipo de canal parabolico, actualmente estan operando en diferentes industrias, resultado de estas aplicaciones se llevo a cabo una evaluacion del prototipo, se detectaron algunos puntos de mejoras al diseno, los cuales se exponen en este articulo, dando
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Flores Hernandez, J. Roberto [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)] e-mail: jrflores@iie.org.mx; Reyes, Brenda [UNAM. Facultad de Quimica, Mexico D.F. (Mexico); Barbosa P., Romeli [Centro de Investigacion en Energia, UNAM, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico); Cano Castillo, Ulises; Albarran, Lorena [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2009-09-15
Membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) are the most important part of PEM fuel cells since their interface results in the electrochemical reactions that make the generation of electricity possible. The MEA is composed of a proton exchange membrane, both sides of which are impregnated with a catalyst layer, normally of carbon-supported platinum. Depending on the technique used for its fabrication (atomization, serigraphy, brush methods, chemical reduction, etc.), the properties of the MEA can be different in terms of porosity, distribution of the catalyst, thickness and structure of the catalyst layer, and the quality of the union between the catalyst layer and the membrane, etc. Currently, the porosity of the electrodes is generated by isopropanol evaporation (solvent used in the dye) during the fabrication process conducted in the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). This document presents the results obtained from adding a porous agent to the catalytic dye base composition used in the fabrication of MEA at the IIE. [Spanish] Los Ensambles Membrana-Electrodo (MEA's) son la parte mas importante en las celdas de combustibles tipo PEM, ya que en su interfaz se llevan a cabo las reacciones electroquimicas que hacen posible la generacion de electricidad. El MEA esta compuesto de una membrana de intercambio protonico a la cual se le impregna en ambos lados una capa catalitica normalmente de platino soportado en carbon. Dependiendo de la tecnica empleada en su fabricacion (atomizado, serigrafia, brocha, reduccion quimica, etc.), las propiedades del MEA pueden ser diferentes en cuanto a porosidad, distribucion del catalizador, grosor y estructura de la capa catalitica, asi como la calidad de la union entre la capa catalizadora y la membrana, etc. Actualmente, la porosidad de los electrodos es generada por la evaporacion del isopropanol (solvente utilizado en la tinta) durante el proceso de fabricacion que se realiza en el Instituto de Investigaciones
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Romero Jimenez, Guillermo; Perez Ocampo, Maria Concepcion [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)
1999-07-01
In this paper the design, development and validation of an intelligent tutorial system oriented to the instruction of techniques of tuning of control systems is described. This system is based on systems previously developed in the Simulation Unit of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). The designed system accounts with four modules: of knowledge, the student model, of tutor and of interface, basic characteristics that allows to locate this system in the context of the intelligent tutorial systems. In this system in particular, the knowledge module was only modified, because advantage is taken of the existing structure to incorporate a new dominion of application: the one of the techniques of tuning of control systems. The system maintains the characteristic that it can also be used as a consultation system. In addition to the design and validation of the tutorial system, when following the methodology of processing the degree of generality of the developed system, was evaluated, taking into account the evaluation and quantification of metrics that the engineering software proposes. [Spanish] En este trabajo se describen el diseno, el desarrollo y la validacion de un sistema tutorial inteligente orientado a la instruccion de tecnicas de sintonizacion de sistemas de control. Este sistema esta basado en sistemas desarrollados anteriormente en la Unidad de Simulacion del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). El sistema disenado cuenta con cuatro modulos: de conocimiento, del modelo del estudiante, de tutor y de interfaz, caracteristica principal que permite ubicar a este sistema en el contexto de los sistemas tutoriales inteligentes. En este sistema en particular solo se modifica el modulo de conocimiento, pues se aprovecha la estructura existente para incorporar un nuevo dominio de aplicacion: el de las tecnicas de sintonizacion de sistemas de control. El sistema mantiene la caracteristica de que tambien puede utilizarse como un sistema de
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Urteaga Dufour, Jose Antonio [Fideicomiso de Apoyo al Programa de Ahorro de Energia del Sector Electrico (FIDE), Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1994-12-31
In this paper are shown the most important results of the energy diagnosis performed in some representative industries of the mining industry, where opportunity areas were detected in electric energy saving, starting from those measures that do not require investment up to the ones that require medium investment, recoverable in less than two years terms as a maximum and with electric energy saving ranging from 10% to 25%. [Espanol] En este trabajo, se presentan los resultados mas importantes, obtenidos en el diagnostico energetico realizado en algunas empresas representativas de la rama de la mineria, en donde se detectaron areas de oportunidad de ahorro de energia electrica que van desde aquellas medidas que no requieren inversiones hasta las que requieren medianas inversiones, recuperables en menos de dos anos como maximo y con ahorros de energia que van desde un 10% hasta un 25%.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Urteaga Dufour, Jose Antonio [Fideicomiso de Apoyo al Programa de Ahorro de Energia del Sector Electrico (FIDE), Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1993-12-31
In this paper are shown the most important results of the energy diagnosis performed in some representative industries of the mining industry, where opportunity areas were detected in electric energy saving, starting from those measures that do not require investment up to the ones that require medium investment, recoverable in less than two years terms as a maximum and with electric energy saving ranging from 10% to 25%. [Espanol] En este trabajo, se presentan los resultados mas importantes, obtenidos en el diagnostico energetico realizado en algunas empresas representativas de la rama de la mineria, en donde se detectaron areas de oportunidad de ahorro de energia electrica que van desde aquellas medidas que no requieren inversiones hasta las que requieren medianas inversiones, recuperables en menos de dos anos como maximo y con ahorros de energia que van desde un 10% hasta un 25%.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Velasco Lozano, Miguel
2002-05-15
The present investigation project pretends toward analyze the possibility of pumping water using Aeolian energy from the Soto la Marina River to the Contadero Lagoon, through an eight kilometers channel. In order to obtain this objective it is necessary to analyze diverse configurations for Aeolian energy converters as well as to determine the Aeolian potential of the site. An isolated Aeolian energy pumping system will be analyzed, that is to say, without interconnection with the electric power network and another interconnected with this network. In addition, with the installation of meteorological monitoring stations a partial evaluation of the Aeolian resource in the zone will be made. This research project was born as a result of an invitation of the Dr. Eric Gustafson, President of Conservation Mexico A.C. and of Ing. Virgilio Garza, President of the Vigia Group, to participate in a project called Laguna Flamingo. Such project deals with the restoration of a habitat of aquatic birds in the Contadero Lagoon, property of Ing. Virgilio Garza in Soto la Marina, Tamaulipas, Mexico. [Spanish] El presente proyecto de investigacion pretende analizar la posibilidad de bombear agua utilizando energia eolica desde el rio Soto La Marina hasta la laguna Contadero, a traves de un canal de 8 km. Para lograr este objetivo es necesario analizar diversas configuraciones de convertidores de energia eolica asi como determinar el potencial eolico del sitio. Se analizara un sistema de bombeo con energia eolica operando aislado, es decir, sin interconexion con la red electrica y otro interconectado con dicha red. Ademas, con la instalacion de estaciones de monitoreo meteorologico se realizara una evaluacion parcial del recurso eolico en la zona. Este proyecto de investigacion nacio a raiz de una invitacion del Dr. Eric Gustafson, Presidente de Conservacion Mexico A.C. y del Ing. Virgilio Garza, Presidente del grupo Vigia, para participar en un proyecto llamado Laguna Flamingo. Tal
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Jonathan Reeve
2016-07-01
Full Text Available Omeka.net is a useful service for Omeka beginners, but there are a few reasons why you might want to install your own copy of Omeka. Reasons include: * Upgrades. By installing Omeka yourself, you can use the latest versions of Omeka as soon as they’re released, without having to wait for Omeka.net to upgrade their system. * Plugins and themes. You can install any plugin or theme you want, without being restricted to those provided by Omeka.net. * Customizations. You can buy a custom domain name, and customize your code to achieve your desired functionality. * Control. You have control over your own backups, and you can update the server yourself so that its security is always up-to-date. * Price. There are many low-cost Virtual Private Servers (VPSs now, some of which cost only $5 per month. * Storage. Many shared hosting providers now offer unlimited storage. This is useful if you have a large media library. In this tutorial, we’ll be entering a few commands on the command line. This tutorial assumes no prior knowledge of the command line, but if you want a concise primer, consult the Programming Historian introduction to BASH. There are other ways of installing Omeka, of course, some using exclusively GUI tools. Some hosting providers even offer “one-click installs” via their control panels. Many of those methods, however, will install older versions of Omeka which are then harder to upgrade and maintain. The method outlined below may not be the easiest way to install Omeka, but it will give you some good practice with using the command line, which is a skill that will be useful if you want to manually upgrade your install, or manually install other web frameworks. (For example, this installation method is very similar to WordPress’s “Five-Minute Install”. There are four steps to this process, and it should take about an hour.
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ENSAYO: RELACIONES DE GÉNERO EN INVESTIGACIONES BASADAS EN EXPERIENCIAS DE HISTORIA ORAL
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Olga Cabrera García
2008-08-01
Full Text Available Este ensayo se propone analizar algunas cuestiones acerca de la perspectiva multidisciplinar en la metodología de la historia oral. Las investigaciones de historia oral tienen algunas características que le dan su especificidad pero, el artículo se concentra sobre dos de ellas: la entrevista y la construcción del documento oral. Se presentan algunas experiencias de ambas etapas de la investigación aunque el énfasis recae sobre el segundo aspecto. Se estudia la vida cotidiana así como la memoria, vinculadas al tiempo, con el propósito de comprender la historia oral.
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Georgieva Yankova, Ginka; Villanueva, Héctor
The report describes the installation, configuration and data transfer for the ground-based lidar. The unit is provided by a customer but is installed and operated by DTU while in this project.......The report describes the installation, configuration and data transfer for the ground-based lidar. The unit is provided by a customer but is installed and operated by DTU while in this project....
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Formación de saberes políticos: aportes de investigaciones psicológicas
Lenzi, Alicia; D'Avirro, María Julieta; Pataro, María Alejandra; Areste, María Silvina
2007-01-01
Se examina la cuestión de los saberes políticos en niños, jóvenes y adultos, desde las contribuciones de investigaciones de la psicología del desarrollo y la psicología educacional, con ciertas referencias a la psicología social y política. Subyace a esta cuestión el polémico concepto de ciudadanía y concepciones divergentes acerca de la formación ciudadana y sus prácticas. La literatura especializada revela una creciente preocupación por la formación de los futuros ciudadanos ante la mundial...
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ELEMENTOS METODOLOGICOS INICIALES EN UN PROCESO DE INVESTIGACION - EXTENSION. EL CASO DE CAÑO NEGRO
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ligia Martín José Francisco Miranda
2012-11-01
Full Text Available Aprovechando la realización de este seminario, hemos querido presentar ante los extensionistas de nuestra Facultad, unas primeras notas acerca del "Proyecto Piloto para la Gestión Productiva-Ambiental con los Pobladores de Caño Negro, Refugio de Vida Silvestre". El propósito de este trabajo inicial, es poner en discusión algunos de los elementos metodológicos que hemos ubicado, al momento de arrancar con un proyecto de investigación-extensión, que pretende recurrir a los procedimientos desarrollados y utilizados en los procesos de INVESTIGACION PARTICIPATIVA, INVESTIGACION ACCION. Además y haciendo eco de las intensiones de este seminario, se espera sirva de elemento para la reflexión conjunta de aspectos de esta naturaleza, que a la postre resultan ser problemas comunes o al menos semejantes, y que además, están en el tapete de la discusión y el análisis. Como la mayoría de ustedes saben, se trata del proyecto de extensión que las escuelas de Sociología, Ambientales, Planificación y Promoción Social y Geografía, iniciaron en marzo de este año en Caño Negro, distrito del cantón de Los Chiles, Alajuela, el cual describiremos con más detalle a continuación.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Perales, Favio; Martinez, Javier; Huesca, Francisco; Garcia, Norma; Nieva, Rolando [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1997-12-31
A computer tool, developed for the reliability evaluation of the electric energy supply, considering the faults in the generation and transmission systems, is presented. The application of the tool in planning the expansion and operation of the electric systems, the methodology of the solution employed and the various functions it accounts for, are described. At the end some illustrative examples of its applications by means of the studies with a model of representative characteristics of the interconnected national system. [Espanol] Se presenta una herramienta computacional desarrollada para evaluar la confiabilidad del suministro de energia electrica, considerando las fallas en los sistemas de generacion y transmision. Se describen las aplicaciones de la herramienta en la planeacion de la expansion y de la operacion de sistemas electricos, la metodologia de solucion empleada y las diversas funciones con que cuenta. Al final se presentan algunos ejemplos ilustrativos de sus aplicaciones mediante estudios con un modelo de caracteristicas representativas del sistema interconectado nacional.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Perales, Favio; Martinez, Javier; Huesca, Francisco; Garcia, Norma; Nieva, Rolando [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1998-12-31
A computer tool, developed for the reliability evaluation of the electric energy supply, considering the faults in the generation and transmission systems, is presented. The application of the tool in planning the expansion and operation of the electric systems, the methodology of the solution employed and the various functions it accounts for, are described. At the end some illustrative examples of its applications by means of the studies with a model of representative characteristics of the interconnected national system. [Espanol] Se presenta una herramienta computacional desarrollada para evaluar la confiabilidad del suministro de energia electrica, considerando las fallas en los sistemas de generacion y transmision. Se describen las aplicaciones de la herramienta en la planeacion de la expansion y de la operacion de sistemas electricos, la metodologia de solucion empleada y las diversas funciones con que cuenta. Al final se presentan algunos ejemplos ilustrativos de sus aplicaciones mediante estudios con un modelo de caracteristicas representativas del sistema interconectado nacional.
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Assessment and planning of the electrical systems in Mexican refineries by 2014
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ruiz Flores, Luis Ivan; Rodriguez Martinez, Jose Hugo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico); Dario Taboada; Guillermo; Pano Jimenez, Javier [PEMEX, (Mexico)
2012-07-01
Nowadays the refining sector in Mexico needs to increase the quantity and quality of produced fuels by installing new process plants for gasoline and ultra-low sulphur diesel. These plants require the provision of electricity and steam, among other services to function properly, which can be supplied by the power plants currently installed in each refinery through an expansion of their generation capacity. These power plants need to increase its production of electricity and steam at levels above their installed capacity, which involves the addition of new power generating equipment (gas or steam turbo-generators) as well as the raise of the electrical loads. Currently, the Mexican Petroleum Company (PEMEX) is planning to restructure their electrical and steam systems in order to optimally supply the required services for the production of high quality fuels. In this paper the present status of the original electrical power systems of the refineries is assessed and the electrical integration of new process plants in the typical schemes is analyzed. Also this paper shows the conceptual schemes proposed to restructure the electrical power system for two refineries and the strategic planning focused on implement the modifications required for the integration of new process plants that will demand about 20 MW for each refinery by 2014. The results of the analysis allowed to identify the current conditions of the electrical power systems in the oil refining industry or National Refining Industry (NRI), and thereby to offer technical solutions that could be useful to engineers facing similar projects. [Spanish] Hoy en dia, el sector de refinacion en Mexico necesita aumentar la cantidad y calidad de los combustibles producidos, mediante la instalacion de nuevas plantas de proceso para la gasolina y el diesel ultra bajo en azufre. Estas plantas requieren el suministro de electricidad y vapor de agua, entre otros servicios, para que funcione correctamente, los cuales pueden
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Emiliano Gambarotta
2016-06-01
Full Text Available Resumen ¿Cuál es el objeto de estudio de las investigaciones en torno al cuerpo? Esa pregunta epistemológica es el núcleo de este trabajo, el cual problematiza, por tanto, la noción de cuerpo que ponemos en juego en tales investigaciones. Para ello y en discusión con las perspectivas sustancialistas que prevalecen en el área, se propone una concepción crítico-reflexiva que gira en torno a la constelación del modo de corporalidad moderno, estudiando su sociogénesis, tarea que se realiza a partir de una crítica inmanente de los trabajos de Elias sobre el proceso civilizatorio, ya que a través de ellos puede problematizarse la emergencia en lo sociohistórico del cuerpo específicamente moderno, aquel que constituye el objeto de dichas investigaciones en torno al cuerpo.
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Weisz, S
2005-01-01
installation of the general services, the installation of the cryogenic line (QRL), the installation of the machine elements and the hardware commissioning. While the installation of the general services is now almost finished (see presentation by Katy Foraz and Serge Grillot), several problems and delays with the QRL made it unavoidable to revise the installation strategy and to schedule a number tasks in parallel. A new compressed installation planning has been issued, that fulfils the strategic objectives and allows starting new activities with minimal delays in sectors 7-8 and 8-1. However, the shortcuts that are introduced increase the level of risk that we will have to face and the coordination of such a large and complex variety of simultaneous activities makes the project even more challenging. The document will describe how the input from the different equipment groups is taken into account by the master schedule planning team with respect to equipment availability and production as well as logistics...
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ramos Niembro, Gaudencio; Fiscal Escalante, Raul [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1998-12-31
It is said that when an energy saving and efficient use of energy program is implemented it must be a business for three: the user, the society and the electric utility. In respect to the user, his decision making is quite simple: is it cheaper or more expensive for me?. Unfortunately in many cases we want a very short return time or the money needed for the initial investment is not available. For instance, and incandescent bulb is several times less expensive than a compact fluorescent lamp, but if we make the calculation on the life-time and on the power consumption reduction of the compact fluorescent lamp, we can conclude that this one is more economic. The benefit for the society can be seen under many different aspects, being the most important the natural resources conservation and the environment. From the stand point of the utility the heavier possible factors are the postponement of the investments and the system reliability. When some of the programs of the Demand Side Management (DSM) are applied, the utilities support or promote non financially profitable but improve their image before the user, on creating a consciousness in the saving and in the efficient use of energy: a short term investment is made and a long term revenue is obtained. For this reason for an optimum selection and implementation the saving and the efficient use of electric energy measures a detailed knowledge of the consumption way is required. In this paper the importance of monitoring the way the different type of users employ the energy in order to make up decisions on DSM programs in many different scenarios: cities, type of users, income level, etc. is shown. [Espanol] Se dice que cuando se implementa un programa de ahorro y uso eficiente de la energia electrica, debe ser negocio para tres: el usuario, la sociedad y la empresa electrica. En lo que respecta al usuario, su toma de decision es muy simple: me resulta mas barato o mas caro. Desafortunadamente en muchos de los casos
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ramos Niembro, Gaudencio; Fiscal Escalante, Raul [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1999-12-31
It is said that when an energy saving and efficient use of energy program is implemented it must be a business for three: the user, the society and the electric utility. In respect to the user, his decision making is quite simple: is it cheaper or more expensive for me?. Unfortunately in many cases we want a very short return time or the money needed for the initial investment is not available. For instance, and incandescent bulb is several times less expensive than a compact fluorescent lamp, but if we make the calculation on the life-time and on the power consumption reduction of the compact fluorescent lamp, we can conclude that this one is more economic. The benefit for the society can be seen under many different aspects, being the most important the natural resources conservation and the environment. From the stand point of the utility the heavier possible factors are the postponement of the investments and the system reliability. When some of the programs of the Demand Side Management (DSM) are applied, the utilities support or promote non financially profitable but improve their image before the user, on creating a consciousness in the saving and in the efficient use of energy: a short term investment is made and a long term revenue is obtained. For this reason for an optimum selection and implementation the saving and the efficient use of electric energy measures a detailed knowledge of the consumption way is required. In this paper the importance of monitoring the way the different type of users employ the energy in order to make up decisions on DSM programs in many different scenarios: cities, type of users, income level, etc. is shown. [Espanol] Se dice que cuando se implementa un programa de ahorro y uso eficiente de la energia electrica, debe ser negocio para tres: el usuario, la sociedad y la empresa electrica. En lo que respecta al usuario, su toma de decision es muy simple: me resulta mas barato o mas caro. Desafortunadamente en muchos de los casos
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Figueroa Noriega, L. R. [Fideicomiso de Apoyo al Programa de Ahorro de Energia del Sector Electrico, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1995-12-31
In the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City, as well as in other regions with a similar climate, there are an important number of users of the electric energy service, whose main load consists of lighting, since systems such as environmental conditioning, refrigeration, pumping and others are either not necessary or lack of importance as electric energy consumers. These are classified in the range of small users that altogether represent a significant saving, but the precarious diffusion of the technological advances have not contemplated the need of carrying on corrective actions. Among these users are the offices, sites of entertainment and a range of commerces and services such as clothing stores, pharmacies, shoe stores, printing shops, dry cleaner`s, restaurants, barber shops, etc. The present paper pretends to provide a simple methodology easy to carry on, derived form a demonstrative project that FIDE (Fideicomiso de Apoyo al Programa de Ahorro de Energia del Sector Electrico) successfully carried out for the Club Deportivo Berinbau. [Espanol] En el area Metropolitana de la ciudad de Mexico, asi como en otras regiones con clima similar, existe un numero importante de usuarios del servicio de energia electrica cuya carga principal consiste en iluminacion, ya que sistemas como acondicionamiento ambiental, refrigeracion, bombeo y otros, o bien no son necesarios o carecen de la importancia en cuanto a consumo de energia electrica. Estos se catalogan dentro del rango de pequenos usuarios que en conjunto representan un potencial de ahorro significativo pero que, debido a la precaria difusion de los adelantos tecnologicos, no han contemplado la posibilidad de llevar a cabo acciones correctivas. Entre estos usuarios se encuentran oficinas, lugares de esparcimiento, planteles educativos y una gama de comercios y servicios como tiendas de ropa, farmacias, zapaterias, imprentas, tintorerias, restaurantes, peluquerias, etc. El presente trabajo pretende proporcionarles una
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Figueroa Noriega, L R [Fideicomiso de Apoyo al Programa de Ahorro de Energia del Sector Electrico, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1996-12-31
In the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City, as well as in other regions with a similar climate, there are an important number of users of the electric energy service, whose main load consists of lighting, since systems such as environmental conditioning, refrigeration, pumping and others are either not necessary or lack of importance as electric energy consumers. These are classified in the range of small users that altogether represent a significant saving, but the precarious diffusion of the technological advances have not contemplated the need of carrying on corrective actions. Among these users are the offices, sites of entertainment and a range of commerces and services such as clothing stores, pharmacies, shoe stores, printing shops, dry cleaner`s, restaurants, barber shops, etc. The present paper pretends to provide a simple methodology easy to carry on, derived form a demonstrative project that FIDE (Fideicomiso de Apoyo al Programa de Ahorro de Energia del Sector Electrico) successfully carried out for the Club Deportivo Berinbau. [Espanol] En el area Metropolitana de la ciudad de Mexico, asi como en otras regiones con clima similar, existe un numero importante de usuarios del servicio de energia electrica cuya carga principal consiste en iluminacion, ya que sistemas como acondicionamiento ambiental, refrigeracion, bombeo y otros, o bien no son necesarios o carecen de la importancia en cuanto a consumo de energia electrica. Estos se catalogan dentro del rango de pequenos usuarios que en conjunto representan un potencial de ahorro significativo pero que, debido a la precaria difusion de los adelantos tecnologicos, no han contemplado la posibilidad de llevar a cabo acciones correctivas. Entre estos usuarios se encuentran oficinas, lugares de esparcimiento, planteles educativos y una gama de comercios y servicios como tiendas de ropa, farmacias, zapaterias, imprentas, tintorerias, restaurantes, peluquerias, etc. El presente trabajo pretende proporcionarles una
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Una experiencia de capacitacion-investigacion a docentes coordinadores de pronoei del callao
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Carmen Coloma
1992-06-01
Full Text Available En 1983la Facultad de Educación de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú conjuntamente con la Fundación de Investigaciones Educativas High Scope, inició un Proyecto de Capacitación a personal no profesional en servicio. Esta experiencia piloto que se realizó en 5 programas no escolarizados de Educación Inicial de sectores urbano marginales de Lima y Callao, permitió validar un modelo de capacitación que tiene principios y estrategias muy particulares y cuyos resultados están relacionados con el mejoramiento de la calidad de servicios educativos, el desempeño de animadoras y la participación de la comunidad, lo cual ha propiciado su extensión a otros sectores y niveles.
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The Upgraded Plasma Focus Installation > - The Installation >
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Krokhin, O.N.; Nikulin, V.Ya.; Babenko, B.A.; Gorbunov, D.N.; Gurei, A.E.; Kalachev, N.V.; Kozlova, T.A.; Malafeev, Yu.S.; Polukhin, S.N.; Sychev, A.A.; Tikhomirov, A.A.; Tsybenko, S.P.; Volobuev, I.V.
1999-01-01
The paper presents the upgraded plasma focus installation > - the installation > and some preliminary experimental results. The total energy stored in capacity bank is now 400 kJ, current - 5 MA with the rise time 3.5 μs. The investigation is targeted on the study of near electrode processes and its influence on plasma dynamics in a special operating regime of Filippov type PF - Hard X-ray regime. (author)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Gamiz Sanchez, Lorenzo [Applied Technology Center de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. (Mexico)
2006-01-15
This paper shows the results attained in energy saving through a project of potable water pumping, which took an investment of $433,043.00 and an internal rate of return of 126%. This project puts into evidence that it is possible to reduce between 15 and 30% of the total invoicing for energy consumption in potable water pumping if an equipment of poor efficiency is replaced by another of high efficiency. The project was requested by the Guanajuato's State Water Comision and the Municipal Bureau of Sewage and Potable Water, with the double intention of reducing the energy consumption along with the corresponding invoicing and incrementing the output of the wells in order to improve the potable water supply. In the site two high efficiency submersible motor-pumps were installed previously to the energy diagnosis that triggered profitable operation results and a convenient invoicing. [Spanish] Se documentan los resultados obtenidos en un proyecto de ahorro de energia en el bombeo de agua potable realizado con una inversion de $433,043.00 y con una tasa interna de retorno de 126%. Este proyecto pone en evidencia que es posible reducir entre el 15 y 30% de la facturacion total por consumo de energia electrica en el bombeo de agua potable si se sustituye un equipo poco eficiente por otro de alta eficiencia. El proyecto fue solicitado por la Comision Estatal del Agua de Guanajuato y la Junta Municipal de Agua Potable y Alcantarillado del municipio, con un doble proposito, reducir el consumo de energia junto con la facturacion correspondiente e incrementar la capacidad de produccion de los pozos con la intencion de mejorar el abasto de agua potable. En el lugar se instalaron dos motobombas sumergibles de alta eficiencia previo diagnostico energetico que desencadenaron rentables resultados operativos y de facturacion.
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Bibliography on Cold Regions Science and Technology. Volume 51, Part 1.
1997-12-01
interaction, Ice heat flux, Drift, Ice forecasting, Ice models, Computer- ized simulation 51-1008 Renovation techniques of ski areas. |Les tech...project was to determine the perfor- mance of the ground-coupled heat pump HVAC systems installed as part of the building renovation to Building 2189 at...power sup- ply for automatic recording systems. [Compor- tamiento de acumuladores como fuente de energia electrica para la alimentation de sistemas
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Cruz Hernandez, J.I.; Morillon Galvez, D. [CONAE, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1995-12-31
The national situation of the lighting systems in buildings is presented in order to know its consumption and make comparisons in accordance with the terms of the Electric Power Density that the lighting systems must satisfy, recently published in the norm, NOM 007 ENER-1995 (Energy Efficiency for non Residential Buildings` Lighting Systems). The form of application of the norm to determine the Electric Power Density Indexes in Lighting Buildings (EPDIL) is described, which permitted to know the current situation of the lighting systems, to compare the results internationally and with the ones specified in the proper norm. As a conclusion, there is the need of enhancing the efficiency of the lightning systems, with savings technologies, improve the lightning levels and equalize the energy indexes of the EPDIL with the ones recommended. [Espanol] Se presenta un estudio sobre la situacion nacional de los sistemas de alumbrado en edificios, con el objeto de conocer su consumo y compararlos, de acuerdo a los terminos de densidad de potencia electrica que deben cumplir los sistemas de alumbrado, publicados recientemente en la norma, NOM 007 ENER-1995 (Eficiencia Energetica para los Sistemas de Alumbrado en Edificios no Residenciales). Se describe la forma de aplicar la norma para determinar los indices de densidad de potencia electrica en alumbrado (DPEA) en edificios, lo cual permitio conocer la situacion actual de los sistemas de alumbrado, comparar con los reportados internacionalmente y con los especificados en la propia norma. Como conclusion se tiene la necesidad de eficientizar los sistemas de alumbrado, con tecnologia ahorradora, mejorar los niveles de iluminacion e igualar los indices energeticos de DPEA con los recomendados.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Cruz Hernandez, J I; Morillon Galvez, D [CONAE, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1996-12-31
The national situation of the lighting systems in buildings is presented in order to know its consumption and make comparisons in accordance with the terms of the Electric Power Density that the lighting systems must satisfy, recently published in the norm, NOM 007 ENER-1995 (Energy Efficiency for non Residential Buildings` Lighting Systems). The form of application of the norm to determine the Electric Power Density Indexes in Lighting Buildings (EPDIL) is described, which permitted to know the current situation of the lighting systems, to compare the results internationally and with the ones specified in the proper norm. As a conclusion, there is the need of enhancing the efficiency of the lightning systems, with savings technologies, improve the lightning levels and equalize the energy indexes of the EPDIL with the ones recommended. [Espanol] Se presenta un estudio sobre la situacion nacional de los sistemas de alumbrado en edificios, con el objeto de conocer su consumo y compararlos, de acuerdo a los terminos de densidad de potencia electrica que deben cumplir los sistemas de alumbrado, publicados recientemente en la norma, NOM 007 ENER-1995 (Eficiencia Energetica para los Sistemas de Alumbrado en Edificios no Residenciales). Se describe la forma de aplicar la norma para determinar los indices de densidad de potencia electrica en alumbrado (DPEA) en edificios, lo cual permitio conocer la situacion actual de los sistemas de alumbrado, comparar con los reportados internacionalmente y con los especificados en la propia norma. Como conclusion se tiene la necesidad de eficientizar los sistemas de alumbrado, con tecnologia ahorradora, mejorar los niveles de iluminacion e igualar los indices energeticos de DPEA con los recomendados.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Alina Martínez
2016-04-01
La universidad, tiene un papel fundamental en el proceso respectivo y potencia las competencias de sus educandos, y entre las funciones principales la creacion de cultura a partir de los procesos de investigacion que en ella se genera y, consecuentemente, participa de manera activa en la solucion de los problemas del entorno, lo que tambien constituye su encargo social; siendo este fundamental en el proceso y la prioridad en la formacion para la investigacion de los estudiantes y al desarrollo de habilidades formativas como parte de sus competencias profesionales, ademas de la autopreparacion y cpacitacion permanente del docente vínculo clave en los procesos de desarrollo. La capacidad laboral mediad a través de las competencias, que el educando recibe en su proceso de formacion, es la búsqueda de los elementos necesarios que constituyen habilidades, destrezas, comportamientos debidamente organizados a fin de lograr metas y objetivos concretos, estos deben ser medidos y cualificados con eficacia, dentro de los niveles de rendimiento exigidos en el trabajo; se logra con la adquisicion y desarrollo de conocimientos, expresados en el desempeño a través de la integracion del saber, el saber hacer y saber ser.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Sandoval Medina, Fernando; Gonzalez Gonzalez, Rubi; Reyes Delgado, Lisette; Medina Martinez, Moises [Comision Federal de Electricidad, Gerencia de Proyectos Geotermoelectricos, Residencia de Los Azufres (Mexico)]. E-mail: fernando.sandoval@cfe.gob.mx
2007-01-15
Electrical conductivity is an indirect measurement of the quality of the steam supplied to power units. In the Los Azufres, Mich., geothermal field, the electrical conductivity once was measured in a discrete and periodic way by condensing steam samples through a water-cooled condenser. In an attempt to continuously measure conductivity, conductivity meters were installed where the units discharged, but the values proved unstable and unrepresentative. Thereafter, taking into account that steam quality should be measured at the steam delivery-reception point, equipment was designed and tested for continuously condensing steam. Finally it was possible to get an air-cooled condenser able to condense 500 milliliters per minute, enough to collect a representative flow of the steam and to measure its electrical conductivity. The equipment was installed in all seven back-pressure units operating in the field and to date has been operating in an optimal manner. [Spanish] La conductividad electrica es una medida indirecta de la calidad del vapor que se suministra a las unidades turbogeneradoras. En el campo geotermico de Los Azufres, Mich., la conductividad electrica se media en forma puntual y periodica, condensando muestras de vapor por medio de un serpentin enfriado con agua. Despues, ante la necesidad de medirla en forma continua, se instalaron conductivimetros en las descargas de las unidades, pero los valores resultaron muy inestables y poco representativos. Considerando, ademas, que la calidad del vapor debe medirse en el punto de entrega-recepcion, se disenaron y probaron equipos para condensar vapor de manera continua, lograndose construir un condensador enfriado por aire que logra condensar un flujo de 500 mililitros por minuto, cantidad suficiente para tener un flujo representativo del vapor que alimenta a las turbinas y medirle su conductividad electrica. Se instalaron estos equipos en las siete unidades turbogeneradoras a contrapresion que funcionan en el campo
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HI galactic surveys done at the IAR
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Bajaja, E.
1983-01-01
The Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomia (IAR) was created in Argentine in 1962 by an agreement among the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), the Comision de Investigaciones Cientificas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, and the national universities of Buenos Aires and La Plata. The objective was to provide through this Institute the technical and scientific support to install and operate the radiotelescope, for the observation of the HI 21 cm line, that the Carnegie Institution of Washington (CIW) planned to install in the southern hemisphere through its Department of Terrestrial Magnetism (DTM). The research programme carried out in the period 1966-1982 is briefly reported. (Auth.)
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‘Copiar y pegar’ en investigaciones en el pregrado: haciendo mal uso del Internet
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Charles Huamaní
2008-06-01
Full Text Available Introducción: La ética en el proceso de investigación es un tema poco abordado durante el pregrado, por lo que debe ser analizada para prevenir infracciones que podrían afectar el desarrollo de todo investigador en formación. Objetivo: Determinar las características de copia en los trabajos de investigación realizados durante el pregrado, por estudiantes de Medicina Humana de segundo año. Diseño: Estudio observacional retrospectivo. Lugar: Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Población: la sección de la ‘introducción’ de trabajos de investigación realizados el año 2004 en un curso curricular. Intervenciones: se revisó manualmente las oraciones de la ‘introducción’ de los trabajos, se describen el tipo de copia, el número de trabajos, autores, asesores, párrafos copiados, y el tipo de fuentes de información y de copia. Principales medidas de resultados: frecuencias y porcentajes de oraciones copiadas y tipo de copia. Resultados: Se revisó un total de 24 trabajos de investigación, con un promedio de 6 autores y 2 asesores por trabajo, 23 tenían alguna evidencia de copia electrónica, 8 sólo tenían copia literal; del total de oraciones evaluadas, el 64% corresponde a copia total de oraciones; sólo el 30% de las fuentes copiadas eran publicaciones científicas en línea, el resto son fuentes de acceso público no especializadas. Conclusiones: se describe una alta frecuencia de copia en investigaciones durante el pregrado provenientes de fuentes electrónicas, por lo que es necesario prevenir que se repita en futuras investigaciones al implementar sistemas de búsqueda sistemática de plagio.
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The latest electrical installation (I)
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Won, Jong Su
1976-04-01
This book deals with the latest electrical installation. The contents of this book are construction electrical installation, regulations related electrical installation, foundation and principle of wiring, main line feeder, lighting installation, power of wiring, main line feeder, lighting installation, power installation, method to read structure drawing for electrical construct drawing electric lamp wiring diagram, working drawing, material and tools and method of construction of electrical installation on types of wiring construction, metallic conduit, rigid poly-vinyl conduit wiring, bus duct work, cable work and insulation out of metal lathed.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Richards, Elizabeth H.; Schindel, Kay (City of Madison, WI); Bosiljevac, Tom; Dwyer, Stephen F.; Lindau, William (Lindau Companies, Inc., Hudson, WI); Harper, Alan (City of Madison, WI)
2011-12-01
Structural Considerations for Solar Installers provides a comprehensive outline of structural considerations associated with simplified solar installations and recommends a set of best practices installers can follow when assessing such considerations. Information in the manual comes from engineering and solar experts as well as case studies. The objectives of the manual are to ensure safety and structural durability for rooftop solar installations and to potentially accelerate the permitting process by identifying and remedying structural issues prior to installation. The purpose of this document is to provide tools and guidelines for installers to help ensure that residential photovoltaic (PV) power systems are properly specified and installed with respect to the continuing structural integrity of the building.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
César A. Acevedo-Triana
2015-04-01
Full Text Available Las prácticas inadecuadas en la investigación han repercutido en el estatus científico del conocimiento en Psicología y ciencias del comportamiento en general. Este artículo tiene como propósito mostrar algunos mecanismos que podrían ayudar a mejorar el proceso de investigación y la práctica profesional. El artículo se divide en tres secciones: primero, presentamos la Psicología como disciplina científica diferente a la pseudociencia con el fin de examinar y sugerir acciones para mantener este principio científico; segundo, se sugieren algunas recomendaciones en torno a la ejecución de las investigaciones y el proceso necesario de replicación y, tercero, proponemos el proceso de publicación de las investigaciones como mecanismo de autocorrección metodológica y teórica. A modo general, existe una discusión constante, que más allá de realizar cuestionamientos epistemológicos, se refiere a una revisión profunda de principios y prácticas que sustentan los hallazgos derivados de las investigaciones; además, la visión de integración de herramientas tecnológicas superan barreras de acceso al consumo, producción y difusión del conocimiento.
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Análisis epistemológico de las investigaciones en comunicación de masas
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Brenda Di Paolo
2010-03-01
Full Text Available La comunicación, más que otras ciencias, ha llevado la inter-disciplinaridad para el desarrollo de su campo. A lo largo de un recorrido por la historia de las investigaciones en comunicación de masas y del análisis de las distintas teorías que aportaron al campo de ésta, se concluye que son mayores los interrogantes y las problemáticas puestas en debate que las soluciones y certezas arribadas, sin embargo sobresale la necesidad de llegar a criterios o consensos epistemológicos firmes para la investigación en comunicación.
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2006-01-01
Installation of the cathode strip chambers for the muon system on the CMS positive endcap has been completed. Technicians install one of the last muon system cathode strip chambers on the CMS positive endcap. Like successfully putting together the pieces of a giant puzzle, installation of the muon system cathode strip chambers on one of the CMS endcaps has been completed. Total installation of the cathode strip chambers (CSC) is now 91 percent complete; only one ring of chambers needs to be mounted on the remaining endcap to finish installation of the entire system. To guarantee a good fit for the 468 total endcap muon system CSCs, physicists and engineers from the collaboration spent about 10 years carefully planning the design. The endcap muon system's cables, boxes, pipes and other parts were designed and integrated using a 3D computerized model. 'It took a long time to do all the computer modelling, but in the long run it saved us an enormous amount of time because it meant that everything fit together,...
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Electrical installation calculations basic
Kitcher, Christopher
2013-01-01
All the essential calculations required for basic electrical installation workThe Electrical Installation Calculations series has proved an invaluable reference for over forty years, for both apprentices and professional electrical installation engineers alike. The book provides a step-by-step guide to the successful application of electrical installation calculations required in day-to-day electrical engineering practice. A step-by-step guide to everyday calculations used on the job An essential aid to the City & Guilds certificates at Levels 2 and 3Fo
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Nuclear Installations Act 1965
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
1965-01-01
This Act governs all activities related to nuclear installations in the United Kingdom. It provides for the licensing procedure for nuclear installations, the duties of licensees, the competent authorities and carriers of nuclear material in respect of nuclear occurrences, as well as for the system of third party liability and compensation for nuclear damage. The Act repeals the Nuclear Installations (Licensing and Insurance) Act 1959 and the Nuclear Installations (Amendment Act) 1965 except for its Section 17(2). (NEA) [fr
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Martínez-Pardo, María Esther; Mariano-Magaña, David
2007-01-01
Tissue banking is a complex operation concerned with the organisation and coordination of all the steps, that is, from donor selection up to storage and distribution of the final products for therapeutic, diagnostic, instruction and research purposes. An appropriate quality framework should be established in order to cover all the specific methodology as well as the general aspects of quality management, such as research and development, design, instruction and training, specific documentation, traceability, corrective action, client satisfaction, and the like. Such a framework can be obtained by developing a quality management system (QMS) in accordance with a suitable international standard: ISO 9001:2000. This paper presents the implementation process of the tissue bank QMS at the Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares in Mexico. The objective of the paper is to share the experience gained by the tissue bank personnel [radiosterilised tissue bank (BTR)] at the Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (ININ, National Institute of Nuclear Research), during implementation of the ISO 9001:2000 certification process. At present, the quality management system (QMS) of ININ also complies with the Mexican standard NMX-CC-9001:2000. The scope of this QMS is Research, Development and Processing of Biological Tissues Sterilised by Gamma Radiation, among others.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Gonzalo Miguel Castillo
2018-02-01
Full Text Available Este artículo fue un estudio de caso en torno a las capacidades de investigación generadas en el Instituto de Investigaciones Socio-Económicas de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, perteneciente a la Universidad Nacional de San Juan, en Argentina. Aborda los principales acontecimientos históricos de la institución y su dinámica actual, tuvo en cuenta las áreas de conocimiento en las cuales se desarrollan sus investigaciones. A su vez, este trabajo ha descrito las dinámicas de la revista académica producida en este instituto, denominada REVIISE. La metodología fue un abordaje objetivo/descriptivo. Se procedió a analizar el papel, devenir y accionar del IISE y las modalidades de proyectos de investigación ejecutados. Fueron indagados el funcionamiento de la REVIISE, identificando perfiles académicos de sus autores, circuitos de difusión y redes académicas; y la conformación de comités y consejos editoriales y académicos que componen esta publicación. Se propone realizar un recorrido que atraviesa lo institucional, los agentes académicos y la principal red de difusión de la producción de conocimiento para comprender las capacidades investigativas del Instituto de Investigaciones Socio Económicas.
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Consentimiento informado en investigaciones psicológicas con niños: antecedentes y normas éticas
Borzi, Sonia Lilian; Peralta, Luciano Oscar; Yacuzzi, Luciana; Cabra, Martina
2014-01-01
Este trabajo se realiza en el marco del proyecto “La investigación con niños en Psicología del Desarrollo: dimensión ético-deontológica y sus implicancias en la responsabilidad del psicólogo”, uno de cuyos objetivos es analizar la especificidad del consentimiento informado en investigaciones con niños. Comenzamos con un recorrido histórico sobre los principales antecedentes del mismo, en donde el niño no era considerado en su particularidad. El cambio de concepción hacia los niños y adolescen...
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Energy management system. Opti-dmaX Control; Sistema de administracion de energia. Control Opti-dmaX
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Automatizacion, Productividad y Calidad S.A. de C.V. Puebla (Mexico)
2005-07-01
The electrical energy is an essential element in the activities of the present world. Optimizing its consumption represents a competitive advantage for the companies, since the operation costs would be reduced as well as the negative impact to the environment. In billing the electrical energy the tariffs consider: the consumption, the demand, the power and the schedule of use for the medium and large companies. With the Opti-dmaX system the necessary information for the correct administration of the electrical energy consumption is obtained from the measurement in the strategic points of the installation. At the same time, the processes and services are controlled, maintaining an efficient power operation that diminishes operative costs. [Spanish] La energia electrica es un elemento indispensable en las actividades del mundo actual, y optimizar su consumo, representa una ventaja competitiva para las empresas, ya que se consigue reducir los costos de operacion y el impacto al ambiente. En la facturacion de la energia electrica las tarifas consideran: el consumo, la demanda, la potencia y el horario de uso para las medianas y grandes empresas. Con el sistema Opti-dmaX se obtiene la informacion necesaria para la correcta administracion del consumo de energia electrica a partir de la medicion en los puntos estrategicos de la instalacion. A su vez, se controlan los procesos y servicios, manteniendo una operacion energetica eficiente que minimiza los costos operativos.
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Gil, J.L.
1992-01-01
The summary of the technical activities carried out on the project ''Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares Aplicadas a la Agricultura'' (CINAGRI) is presented. The objectives of this project are to establish nuclear and biotechnology techniques, practices with a view to increasing agriculture and live-stock productivity, and to transfer this technology to farmers
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Martinez Pinon, Fernando; Hernandez Juarez, Taide [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1992-07-01
The utilization of the unimodal fiber optics technology in the electric power systems, represents one of the best communication options because of its multiple advantages, that results in a better coordination of the technical and administrative activities, needed to carry the electric energy from its generation site to the most remote locations. In this document a study, in accordance with the available options for the design of communication systems via unimodal optic fiber, is presented. With this technology, ties of more than 100 kilometers without the need of repeating stations, can be made. [Espanol] La utilizacion de la tecnologia de fibra optica unimodal en los sistemas electricos de potencia representa una de las mejores alternativas de comunicacion por sus multiples ventajas que se traducen en una mejor coordinacion de las acitividades tecnicas y administrativas necesarias para llevar la energia electrica desde el lugar de generacion hasta los puntos mas distantes. En este documento se presenta un estudio de acuerdo a las opciones disponibles para el diseno de sistemas de comunicacion por fibra optica unimodal. Con esta tecnologia se pueden realizar enlaces mayores que 100 km sin necesidad de repetidores.
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Electrical installation calculations advanced
Kitcher, Christopher
2013-01-01
All the essential calculations required for advanced electrical installation workThe Electrical Installation Calculations series has proved an invaluable reference for over forty years, for both apprentices and professional electrical installation engineers alike. The book provides a step-by-step guide to the successful application of electrical installation calculations required in day-to-day electrical engineering practiceA step-by-step guide to everyday calculations used on the job An essential aid to the City & Guilds certificates at Levels 2 and 3For apprentices and electrical installatio
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Electrical installations and regulations
Whitfield, J F
1966-01-01
Electrical Installations and Regulations focuses on the regulations that apply to electrical installations and the reasons for them. Topics covered range from electrical science to alternating and direct current supplies, as well as equipment for providing protection against excess current. Cables, wiring systems, and final subcircuits are also considered, along with earthing, discharge lighting, and testing and inspection.Comprised of 12 chapters, this book begins with an overview of electrical installation work, traits of a good electrician, and the regulations governing installations. The r
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Celis del A, L.; Rivero, T.; Bucio, F.; Ramirez, R.; Segovia, A.; Palacios, J., E-mail: lina.celis@inin.gob.mx [ININ, Carretera Mexico-Toluca s/n, 52750 Ocoyoacac, Estado de Mexico (Mexico)
2015-09-15
En 2011, Mexico won the Colombian international tender for the renewal of instrumentation and control of the IAN-R1 Reactor, to Argentina and the United States. This paper presents the design criteria and the development made for the new digital control system installed in the Colombian nuclear reactor IAN-R1, which is based on a redundant and diverse architecture, which provides increased availability, reliability and safety in the reactor operation. This control system and associated instrumentation met all national export requirements, with the safety requirements established by the IAEA as well as the requirements demanded by the Colombian Regulatory Body in nuclear matter. On August 20, 2012, the Colombian IAN-R1 reactor reached its first criticality controlled with the new system developed at Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (ININ). On September 14, 2012, the new control system of the Colombian IAN-R1 reactor was officially handed over to the Colombian authorities, this being the first time that Mexico exported nuclear technology through the ININ. Currently the reactor is operating successfully with the new control system, and has an operating license for 5 years. (Author)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Romero G, E. T.; Hernandez M, H.; Flores C, J.; Paredes G, L. C., E-mail: elizabeth.romero@inin.gob.mx [ININ, Carretera Mexico-Toluca s/n, 52750 Ocoyoacac, Estado de Mexico (Mexico)
2016-09-15
According to the recommendations of the International Atomic Energy Agency, Mexico is taking steps to combat illicit trafficking in nuclear material. The creation of a National Nuclear Forensic Research Laboratory (Lanafonu, acronym in Spanish) has been assigned to the Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (ININ, Mexico) in 2014. The objectives of this Laboratory are: to combat illicit trafficking in nuclear materials, to optimize scientific processes and techniques used to analyze nuclear materials (orphans or radioactive sources), environmental and potential biological sources as a result of the handling, transport and final storage. At present, the Lanafonu facilities are focused on the optimization of emergency and routine protocols for measuring radioisotopes in environmental and biological samples using inductive coupling mass spectrometer with magnetic sector. The main activities are: i) optimization of the methods for measuring the isotopes of Pu by alpha-spectrometry, Icp-SFMS and AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry), ii) development or radiochemical methods for routine situations and nuclear emergencies, iii) participation in the scientific technical commission on nuclear forensic science, iv) participation in international intercomparison exercises to optimize and validate methods, and v) consolidation of Lanafonu in Mexico and the IAEA. (Author)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Carrillo, Victor M; Velazquez Sanchez, Raul [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1987-12-31
Nowadays, the method employed to study the protection coordination are based in the hand outlining of curves time- current and in the visual comparison in log sheets. Due to the large amount of distribution circuits, the engineer makes a considerable effort to perform this type of studies, which besides are routinist and time consuming. In this article a program for the computer aided design for the protection coordination in primary distribution circuits is presented. Such a program -carried out in the Transmission and Distribution Department of the Power Systems Division of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE)- substitutes in an efficient manner, the manual procedures that are performed in the protection coordination studies. The coordination principles, suggested by the equipment manufacturers, were respected, trying, at the same time, to keep the procedures of the Comision Federal de Electricidad personnel (CFE) emerged from the field experience. The algorithm basically consists of an iterative process in the selection of the adjustments taking as a reference the of three-phase short- circuit and of phase to ground, values, as well as the operating times. [Espanol] Actualmente, los metodos que se emplean para estudiar la coordinacion de protecciones se basan en el trazado manual de curvas de tiempo-corriente y en la comparacion visual sobre hojas logaritmicas. Debido a la gran cantidad de circuitos de distribucion, el ingeniero hace un esfuerzo considerable para realizar este tipo de estudios, los que ademas, son rutinarios y tardados. En este articulo, se presenta un programa para el diseno asistido por computadora del proceso de coordinacion de protecciones en circuitos primarios de distribucion. Dicho programa -realizado en el Departamento de Transmision y Distribucion, de la Division de Sistemas de Potencia, del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE)- sustituye de manera eficaz los procedimientos manuales que se efectuan en los estudios
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Carrillo, Victor M.; Velazquez Sanchez, Raul [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1986-12-31
Nowadays, the method employed to study the protection coordination are based in the hand outlining of curves time- current and in the visual comparison in log sheets. Due to the large amount of distribution circuits, the engineer makes a considerable effort to perform this type of studies, which besides are routinist and time consuming. In this article a program for the computer aided design for the protection coordination in primary distribution circuits is presented. Such a program -carried out in the Transmission and Distribution Department of the Power Systems Division of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE)- substitutes in an efficient manner, the manual procedures that are performed in the protection coordination studies. The coordination principles, suggested by the equipment manufacturers, were respected, trying, at the same time, to keep the procedures of the Comision Federal de Electricidad personnel (CFE) emerged from the field experience. The algorithm basically consists of an iterative process in the selection of the adjustments taking as a reference the of three-phase short- circuit and of phase to ground, values, as well as the operating times. [Espanol] Actualmente, los metodos que se emplean para estudiar la coordinacion de protecciones se basan en el trazado manual de curvas de tiempo-corriente y en la comparacion visual sobre hojas logaritmicas. Debido a la gran cantidad de circuitos de distribucion, el ingeniero hace un esfuerzo considerable para realizar este tipo de estudios, los que ademas, son rutinarios y tardados. En este articulo, se presenta un programa para el diseno asistido por computadora del proceso de coordinacion de protecciones en circuitos primarios de distribucion. Dicho programa -realizado en el Departamento de Transmision y Distribucion, de la Division de Sistemas de Potencia, del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE)- sustituye de manera eficaz los procedimientos manuales que se efectuan en los estudios
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TESLA accelerator installation
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Neskovic, N.; Ostojic, R.; Susini, A.; Milinkovic, Lj.; Ciric, D.; Dobrosavljevic, A.; Brajuskovic, B.; Cirkovic, S.; Bojovic, B.; Josipovic, M.
1992-01-01
The TESLA accelerator Installation is described. Its main parts are the VINCY Cyclotron, the multiply charged heavy-ion mVINIS Ion Source, and the negative light-ion pVINIS Ion Source. The Installation should be the principal installation of a regional center for basic and applied research in nuclear physics, atomic physics, surface physics and solid state physics, for production of radioisotopes, for research and therapy in nuclear medicine. The first extraction of the ion beam from the Cyclotron is planned for 1995. (R.P.) 3 refs.; 1 fig
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Planning and installing micro-hydro systems a guide for designers, installers and engineers
Elliott, Chris
2014-01-01
An essential addition to the Earthscan Planning & Installing series, Planning and Installing Micro-Hydro Systems provides vital diagrams, pictures and tables detailing the planning and installing of a micro-hydro system, including information on the maintenance and economics once an installation is running. The book covers subjects such as measuring head and flow, ecological impacts, scheme layouts, practical advice, calculations and turbine choice. Archimedes screws are also covered in detail, as well as the main conventional choices relevant to small sites.Micro-hydro refers to hydropower sy
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Beltran-Chacon, R.; Velazquez-Limon, N. [Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Baja California (Mexico)]. E-mails: rbeltran1@uabc.edu.mx; nicolas.velazquez@uabc.edu.mx; Sauceda-Carvajal, D. [Universidad Politecnica de Baja California, Baja California (Mexico)]. E-mail: dsaucedac@upbc.edu.mx
2012-01-15
This paper presents a mathematical modeling, simulation and design of a solar power system of a parabolic dish with an air-cooled Stirling engine of 2.7 kW. The model used for the solar concentrator, the cavity and the Stirling engine were successfully validated against experimental data. Based on a parametric study, the design of the components of the engine is carried out. The study shows that as system capacity increases, the overall efficiency is limited by the power required by the fan, since the design of the cooler needs greater amounts of heat removal by increasing the air flow without affecting the internal conditions of the process (mass flow of working gas and internal dimensions of the same). The system was optimized and achieves an overall efficiency of solar to electric energy conversion of 26.7%. This study shows that the use of an air-cooled Stirling engine is potentially attractive for power generation at low capacities. [Spanish] Este trabajo presenta un modelado matematico, la simulacion y diseno de un sistema de generacion electrica termosolar de disco parabolico con motor Stirling de 2.7 kW enfriado directamente por aire. El modelo utilizado para el concentrador, la cavidad y el motor Stirling, fueron validados satisfactoriamente con datos experimentales. Con base en un estudio parametrico se realizo el dimensionamiento de los componentes del motor. El estudio realizado muestra que conforme se incrementa la capacidad del sistema, la eficiencia global se ve limitada por la potencia requerida por el ventilador, dado que el diseno del enfriador necesita retirar mayores cantidades de calor aumentando el flujo de aire, sin afectar las condiciones internas del proceso (flujo masico del gas de trabajo y dimensiones internas del mismo). El sistema fue optimizado obteniendo una eficiencia global de conversion de energia solar a electrica de 26.7%. Este estudio muestra que el uso de un motor Stirling enfriado directamente por aire es potencialmente
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Trujillo-Guajardo, L.A.; Conde-Enriquez, A. [Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Nuevo Leon (Mexico)]. E-mail: luistrujillo84@gmail.com; con_de@yahoo.com
2012-04-15
In this article, a graphical software tool is presented; this tool is based on the education of protection system engineers. The theoretical fundaments used for the design of operation characteristics of distance relays and their algorithms are presented. The software allows the evaluation and analysis of real time events or simulated ones of every stage of design of the distance relay. Some example cases are presented to illustrate the activities that could be done with the graphical software tool developed. [Spanish] En este articulo se presenta una herramienta computacional grafica para apoyar la formacion de ingenieros en protecciones electricas. Los fundamentos teoricos para el diseno de caracteristicas de operacion de relevadores de distancia, asi como las rutinas de programacion de un relevador de distancia son presentados. La herramienta desarrollada permite la evaluacion de las etapas de diseno de relevadores y el analisis de la operacion ante eventos reales o simulados. Se presentan algunos casos de ejemplo para ilustrar las actividades didacticas que son posibles de realizar con la herramienta presentada.
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Petersen, Anne Ring
. In Installation Art: Between Image and Stage, Anne Ring Petersen aims to change that. She begins by exploring how installation art developed into an interdisciplinary genre in the 1960s, and how its intertwining of the visual and the performative has acted as a catalyst for the generation of new artistic......Despite its large and growing popularity – to say nothing of its near-ubiquity in the world’s art scenes and international exhibitions of contemporary art –installation art remains a form whose artistic vocabulary and conceptual basis have rarely been subjected to thorough critical examination...... phenomena. It investigates how it became one of today’s most widely used art forms, increasingly expanding into consumer, popular and urban cultures, where installation’s often spectacular appearance ensures that it meets contemporary demands for sense-provoking and immersive cultural experiences. The main...
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Petersen, Anne Ring
Despite its large and growing popularity – to say nothing of its near-ubiquity in the world’s art scenes and international exhibitions of contemporary art –installation art remains a form whose artistic vocabulary and conceptual basis have rarely been subjected to thorough critical examination....... In Installation Art: Between Image and Stage, Anne Ring Petersen aims to change that. She begins by exploring how installation art developed into an interdisciplinary genre in the 1960s, and how its intertwining of the visual and the performative has acted as a catalyst for the generation of new artistic...... phenomena. It investigates how it became one of today’s most widely used art forms, increasingly expanding into consumer, popular and urban cultures, where installation’s often spectacular appearance ensures that it meets contemporary demands for sense-provoking and immersive cultural experiences. The main...
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The role of installers for thermo-technical installations when buying gas boilers
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Jovičić Dragoljub
2013-01-01
Full Text Available This study presents the research of role installers for thermo-technical installations when buying gas boilers in the Serbian market. Considering the fact that installers are significantly different, they are grouped by specific, relevant characteristics. The research is focused on the evaluation of marketing mix instruments by nine identified segments of installers. Moreover, research has been explored deeper through conclusion installers about the most important and most credible sources of information on gas boilers. During the research were used secondary and primary data sources. Besides the research at the table, field research has been also done by unstructured personal communication. All collected data were analyzed in details and both hypothesis were tested, where one of them is partially confirmed, and another one fully confirm. Given results can be useful for marketers and their anticipation of demand. Also these results can be used for creating optimal marketing strategy in the Serbian market of gas boilers.
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Automated installation methods for photovoltaic arrays
Briggs, R.; Daniels, A.; Greenaway, R.; Oster, J., Jr.; Racki, D.; Stoeltzing, R.
1982-11-01
Since installation expenses constitute a substantial portion of the cost of a large photovoltaic power system, methods for reduction of these costs were investigated. The installation of the photovoltaic arrays includes all areas, starting with site preparation (i.e., trenching, wiring, drainage, foundation installation, lightning protection, grounding and installation of the panel) and concluding with the termination of the bus at the power conditioner building. To identify the optimum combination of standard installation procedures and automated/mechanized techniques, the installation process was investigated including the equipment and hardware available, the photovoltaic array structure systems and interfaces, and the array field and site characteristics. Preliminary designs of hardware for both the standard installation method, the automated/mechanized method, and a mix of standard installation procedures and mechanized procedures were identified to determine which process effectively reduced installation costs. In addition, costs associated with each type of installation method and with the design, development and fabrication of new installation hardware were generated.
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Lenaerts, Koen
1988-01-01
Border installations cover all nuclear plants located near the border with a neighbouring state. However, the actual distance depends on the context. The distance can vary considerably. Also the prohibition on siting near a heavily populated area also defines the actual distance variably. The distance criteria may be modified by other factors of topography, prevailing climate and so on. Various examples which illustrate the problems are given. For example, the Creys-Melville nuclear power plant is 80km from Geneva and the Cattonam installation is 12km from the French border with Luxembourg and Germany. The Cattenom case is explained and the legal position within the European Institutions is discussed. The French licensing procedures for nuclear power stations are described with special reference to the Cattenom power plant. Border installations are discussed in the context of European Community Law and Public International Law. (U.K.)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Nambiar, P
2007-01-15
The pumping systems provide about 20 to 25 percent of energy which is necessary worldwide: it is fruitful to understand how to use electric power efficiently, to achieve the reduction regarding expenses a pumping system implies.It is essential to possess a better knowledge about the pumping system and its applications, in order to be able to use energy responsibly. If people do not how to operate this kind of systems properly, they will use inadequate equipment that will cause an energy waste. In addition it is important to know: alternative methods to meet variable demands, an adapted system to pump water requirements in order to ensure the pump work in its pumping point, and the life cycle system cost for the energy saving in the long term. [Spanish] En promedio del 20 al 25% de la energia necesaria en el mundo proviene de los sistemas de bombeo, por tal razon es importante saber como utilizar la energia electrica con eficiencia para asi lograr reducir los gastos que este tipo de sistemas implican. Para poder hacer un buen uso de la energia, es necesario que se tenga un conocimiento mayor del sistema de bombeo y aplicacion, ya que la ignorancia sobre esto exige el uso de aparatos que contribuyen al desperdicio de la energia; por otro lado tambien es esencial conocer metodos alternos para demandas variables, tener un sistema que se adapte a las necesidades de bombeo del agua para asegurarse de que cada bomba trabaje cerca de su punto de bombeo y finalmente conocer el costo del ciclo de vida del sistema para el ahorro de energia a largo plazo.
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Análisis, diagnóstico y perspectivas de la investigacion psicoeducacional en el Perú
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Carmen Lazarte Torriani
1991-06-01
Full Text Available El artículo sistematiza la investigación realizada por la Psicología Educacional Peruana. Se revisan tesis, algunas memorias, resúmenes e informes de investigación y de congresos, catálogos, diagnósticos educacionales, revisiones publicadas, artículos de revistas y algunos libros. Se describen las etapas de la investigación psicoeducacional y se caracterizan investigaciones de tesis, de publicaciones y de INIDE en base a una serie de criterios. Finalmente, se arriba a un diagnóstico de la investigación psicoeducacional en el Perú y se trazan sus perspectivas.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Suarez Guevara, Sergio [Instituto de Investigaciones Economicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1997-12-31
This document analyzes the electric industry in Mexico in its opening phase, which must be qualified as a strategic activity within the present and future becoming of the Mexican economy. The Mexican electric sector was framed within the National Project born out in the country`s Politic Constitution; where the State economic intervention is driven and induced, with its exclusive duty in strategic activities through public enterprises created for that purpose and as a support of Mexico`s economic and social welfare. Within the opening it should be pointed out the participation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the Energy Program, the Development Program and Restructure of the Energy Sector 1995-2000 [Espanol] En el presente documento se analiza la industria electrica en Mexico en su fase de apertura, la cual debe calificarse como una actividad estrategica dentro del devenir presente y futuro de la economia mexicana. El sector electrico mexicano se enmarco dentro del Proyecto Nacional que nace en la Constitucion Politica del pais; donde se impulsa e induce la intervencion economica del Estado, con su quehacer exclusivo en actividades estrategicas, por medio de empresas publicas creadas para tal fin y en apoyo del bienestar economico y social de Mexico. Dentro de la apertura hay que senalar la participacion que tiene el Tratado de Libre Comercio, el Programa de Energia y el Programa de Desarrollo y Reestructuracion del Sector Energia 1995-2000
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INCIDENCIA DE LA INVESTIGACION FORMATIVA EN LOS HORIZONTES EPISTEMOLÓGICOS DE LA CONTABILIDAD
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Juan C Carriel
2016-04-01
Full Text Available El propósito de la investigacion es determinar el uso de la investigacion formativa en el horizonte epistemológico de la contabilidad y analizar los micro-currículos de la carrera de Contabilidad y Auditoria en la Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena. Por lo que se refiere a las construccion del conocimiento contable con la teoria del positivismo pragmático, la cual hace énfasis en la objetividad de la ciencias exactas, siendo la contabilidad una ciencia social que ha absorbido este paradigma a la ecuacion contable: Activo igual a Pasivo mas Patrimonio. Sin embargo, esta teoria positivismta no ha sido la mas efectiva, a causa de las diferentes crisis financieras de las empresas: más tarde aprece la teoría crítica, afirmando que el conocimiento debe de estar al servicio de la sociedad y no a un sistema empresarial. Asimismo la teoría interpretativista hermenéutica cuyo estudio se posiciona en el sujeto y métodos cualitativos que intentan comprender y no cuantificar; y la teoría de la complejidad, con énfasis en los actores y los contextos de interaccion y significacion. Por otra parte los horizontes epistemológicos en el eje de la didáctica y pedagogia son los relacionado con la teoría del enfoque de sistemas, el aprendizaje invisible, el pensamiento complejo, la pedagogia crítica y las teorías de neuroaprendizaje. Dichas teorías están en relacion con las orientaciones facilitadas porel Consejo de Educación Superior (CES y a su vez con los docentes y estudiantes, ademas interrelacionados con los contextos, los escenarios, los conocimientos y los saberes. En definitiva la realidad es una entidad compleja y pluridimensional, asi pues el proyecto pedagógico curricular de la carrera debe fundamentar teóricamente las actuales tendencias de la ciencia de la era digital del Siglo XXI con pertinencia en la sociedad ecuatoriana y sobre todo a la interrelacion teoria-práctica de la enseñanza en la formacion de los futuror
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Rosa Inés Babilonia Ballesteros
2014-01-01
Full Text Available Centro de Estudios para el Desarrollo Rural Sustentable y la Soberanía Alimentaria (CEDRSSA. Estudios e investigaciones:nueva ruralidad; enfoques y propuestas para América Latina.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Fradin, J; Hayoun, C [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, 91 - Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires
1969-07-01
This installation has been designed and built for producing sealed sources of fission elements: caesium 137, strontium 90, promethium 147, ruthenium 106 and cerium 144 in particular. The installation consists of sealed and protected cells, each being assigned to a particular production. The safety and the operational reliability of the equipment are the principal considerations which have governed this work. The report describes the installation and, in particular, the apparatus used as well as the various control devices. In conclusion, a review as presented of six years operation. (authors) [French] Cette installation a ete concue et realisee pour effectuer des fabrications de sources scellees d'elements de fission: caesium 137 - strontium 90 - promethium 147 - ruthenium 106 - cerium 144 en particulier. L'installation est composee de cellules etanches et protegees, chacune d'elles etant affectee a une fabrication particuliere. La securite et la surete de fonctionnement de l'ensemble sont parmi les elements principaux qui ont guide l'etude. Le rapport decrit l'installation et plus particulierement l'appareillage utilise ainsi que les divers controles et commandes. Le bilan de fonctionnement apres 6 ans d'exploitation sert de conclusion. (auteurs)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Fradin, J.; Hayoun, C. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, 91 - Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires
1969-07-01
This installation has been designed and built for producing sealed sources of fission elements: caesium 137, strontium 90, promethium 147, ruthenium 106 and cerium 144 in particular. The installation consists of sealed and protected cells, each being assigned to a particular production. The safety and the operational reliability of the equipment are the principal considerations which have governed this work. The report describes the installation and, in particular, the apparatus used as well as the various control devices. In conclusion, a review as presented of six years operation. (authors) [French] Cette installation a ete concue et realisee pour effectuer des fabrications de sources scellees d'elements de fission: caesium 137 - strontium 90 - promethium 147 - ruthenium 106 - cerium 144 en particulier. L'installation est composee de cellules etanches et protegees, chacune d'elles etant affectee a une fabrication particuliere. La securite et la surete de fonctionnement de l'ensemble sont parmi les elements principaux qui ont guide l'etude. Le rapport decrit l'installation et plus particulierement l'appareillage utilise ainsi que les divers controles et commandes. Le bilan de fonctionnement apres 6 ans d'exploitation sert de conclusion. (auteurs)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Zeferino Abundis, Yolanda [Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)
2006-11-15
The consumption and production of the electrical energy contribute to the gas emission that has the property of retaining heat in the atmosphere, giving rise to an increment in the global average temperature of the Earth, and causing a climatic change that the international scientific consensus describes as important alterations in the meteorological patterns. As a result of this, international actions were taken. The most ambitious agreement and by its quantified and obligatory character is presented the Kyoto Protocol, that forces the countries listed in Annex 1 to reduce their emissions through national measures and flexible mechanisms, within these last ones is the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) that contemplates the mutual cooperation between developed and developing countries in the participation of projects tending to the reduction of gas emissions of greenhouse effect. Petroleos Mexicanos (PEMEX) has large necessities of electrical energy and steam, and counts on projects with characteristics that under the CDM cover the characteristics to be technical and economically viable. [Spanish] El consumo y produccion de la energia electrica contribuye a la emision de gases que tienen la propiedad de retener calor en la atmosfera, dando lugar a un incremento en la temperatura promedio global de la Tierra, y provocando un cambio climatico que el consenso cientifico internacional describe como alteraciones importantes en los patrones meteorologicos. A raiz de esto, se tomaron acciones internacionales. El acuerdo mas ambicioso y por su caracter cuantificado y obligatorio lo representa el Protocolo de Kyoto, quien obliga a los paises listados en el Anexo 1 a reducir sus emisiones a traves de medidas nacionales y mecanismos flexibles, dentro de estos ultimos se encuentra el Mecanismo de Desarrollo Limpio (MDL) que contempla la cooperacion mutua entre paises desarrollados y en vias de desarrollo en la participacion de proyectos tendientes a la reduccion de emisiones
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Sizewell 'B' cable installation
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Gemmell, D.R.
1992-01-01
N G Bailey and Co. Ltd., UK were awarded the contract for the procurement, manufacture, works testing, works finishing, supply, delivery, off-loading, storage, installation, site finishing, preservation, setting to work and site testing of the following; the main cable installation throughout the Station including the addition of the Radioactive Waste Building, earthing and lightning protection installation, cable supporting steelwork and carriers and glanding and termination of cables. The cabling installation comprises power distribution, control and instrumentation cabling including all the associated cabling accessories, terminal boxes and similar components. The way that the contract was set-up, awarded and is now being carried out is described. Planning and industrial relations have been key features of the contract. (Author)
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Muñoz, Sebastián Ramón; Cruz, Isabel
2017-01-01
Se presentan los resultados de las investigaciones tafonómicas naturalistas realizadas desde 2005 en la desembocadura del río Santa Cruz y el parque Nacional Monte león (Patagonia Meridional) dirigidas a conocer los modos en que tiene lugar el reciclado de restos de vertebrados en un mismo contexto ambiental, la estepa costera patagónica. Se resume el conocimiento generado sobre: el tiempo involucrado en la desarticulación de carcasas de vertebrados; los procesos y actores intervinientes y ...
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Palacios Lopez, Arturo
2002-07-01
In this thesis tree patterns of superficial breakdown in polymeric insulator of Silicon Rubber are generated. Experimental arrangement rod-rod was used on the basis of norm ASTM D 2303-85. Pollution levels on the basis of norm IEC 507 were also used. The experimental values of Fractal Dimension for each case of pollution were reported. A self similar method called Box Counting for the fractal dimension calculus and for the self affine methods an R/S and Variogram were used. According to the results, it was concluded that the tree patterns of superficial electric breakdown in Silicon Rubber is self similar and its value does not depend on the degree of pollution, that is equivalent to the concentration of salt for liter of water or to the Equivalent Salt Deposition (ESDD), in the surface of an insulator. [Spanish] En el presente trabajo se inducen descargas electricas superficiales en un aislamiento polimerico de Hule Silicon, el arreglo experimental que se utilice es punta-punta con base en la norma ASTM D 2303-85 y los niveles de contaminacion con base en la norma IEC 507. Se reportan los valores experimentales de la Dimension Fractal para cada caso de contaminacion, se utilice el metodo auto similar de conteo de cuadros, para el calculo de la Dimension Fractal y para metodos auto afines se utilice analisis R/S y variograma. Con los resultados obtenidos se concluye que la trayectoria de la descarga electrica superficial en un polimero de Hule Silicon es auto similar y su valor no depende del grado de contaminacion, el cual es equivalente a la concentracion de gramos de sal por litro de agua o a la densidad de sal depositada (DESD), en la superficie de un aislador.
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30 CFR 57.4504 - Fan installations.
2010-07-01
... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Fan installations. 57.4504 Section 57.4504... Control Installation/construction/maintenance § 57.4504 Fan installations. (a) Fan houses, fan bulkheads... of combustible materials, except installed wiring, ground and track support, headframes, and direct...
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Segura Ozuna, Victor Octavio
2004-11-15
formulation of a controller feedback multivariable is presented, designed with the combination of the technologies of fuzzy logic and neural networks with the purpose of improving the control of speed, power and temperature of the UTG. This proposed control is used in conjunction with the scheme of conventional control of the existent UTG, to integrate a strategy of control hybrid feedback. The control feedback is compound for a fuzzy inference system of multiple entrances and a left exit designed with entrance data and exit of the plant. The controller feed forward is compound for conventional controllers type PI in this type of units. With this strategy, the controller feedback provides a bigger contribution in the control sign the effort of the conventional controllers' PI control and the strong interaction that it exists among them diminishing. The controllers PI feed forward contribute a smaller control sign used for fine adjustments in the control sign. [Spanish] La demanda de energia electrica en Mexico ha obligado al sector electrico a estar en una busqueda constante de metodos y sistemas que, entre otros objetivos, mejoren continuamente la operacion de las centrales generadoras de energia electrica. Como parte de su mision, el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) ha promovido y apoyado la investigacion aplicada y el desarrollo tecnologico para mejorar los indices de seguridad, disponibilidad, confiabilidad, eficiencia y durabilidad de centrales generadoras mediante el desarrollo y la implantacion de grandes sistemas digitales de informacion y control. En la actualidad, dentro del esquema de generacion de energia electrica, las unidades turbogas (UTG) representan 7% de la generacion del sector electrico nacional [1]. Estas unidades se han convertido en el modo dominante de la nueva generacion electrica en los EE.UU, ya sea en ciclo simple o combinado. Lo anterior, es atribuible al menor costo de instalacion por kilowatt generado, a los programas de
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Calidad de vida en la salud: algunas investigaciones en el ámbito hospitalario
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ma. Ángeles Pérez San Gregorio
2005-01-01
Full Text Available Exponemos los resultados más relevantes de dos investigaciones relacionadas con la Calidad de Vida en la Salud. En la primera de ellas, empleamos tres grupos con 32 sujetos cada uno: pacientes con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica (EPOC estabilizados, pacientes con EPOC descompensados (hospitalizados y enfermos con cáncer de pulmón (hospitalizados. Analizamos la influencia de la descompensación de la EPOC sobre la calidad de vida. En la segunda investigación, empleamos un grupo de 57 familiares de pacientes traumatizados graves que fueron evaluados en dos momentos diferentes: cuando el paciente se hallaba ingresado en la UCI y transcurridos cuatro años del alta de éste. Analizamos cómo afecta en los familiares (variables clínicas de personalidad, relaciones familiares y temor experimentado ante la muerte el tiempo transcurrido desde el ingreso del paciente en la UCI en función de su calidad de vida.
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CALIDAD DE VIDA EN LA SALUD: ALGUNAS INVESTIGACIONES EN EL ÁMBITO HOSPITALARIO
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Antonio Galán Rodríguez
2005-06-01
Full Text Available Exponemos los resultados más relevantes de dos investigaciones relacionadas con la Calidad de Vida en la Salud. En la primera de ellas, empleamos tres grupos con 32 sujetos cada uno: pacientes con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica (EPOC estabilizados, pacientes con EPOC descompensados (hospitalizados y enfermos con cáncer de pulmón (hospitalizados. Analizamos la influencia de la descompensación de la EPOC sobre la calidad de vida. En la segunda investigación, empleamos un grupo de 57 familiares de pacientes traumatizados graves que fueron evaluados en dos momentos diferentes: cuando el paciente se hallaba ingresado en la UCI y transcurridos cuatro años del alta de éste. Analizamos cómo afecta en los familiares (variables clínicas de personalidad, relaciones familiares y temor experimentado ante la muerte el tiempo transcurrido desde el ingreso del paciente en la UCI en función de su calidad de vida.
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La porcelana del Buen Retiro. Investigaciones recientes
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Mañueco Santurtún, C.
1999-08-01
Full Text Available Recent researchs have led to know new data of the construction of the Royal Porcelain Factory of Buen Retiro (Madrid, Spain. As some documents not known hitherto have revealed, the Factory was integrated by two different buildings. It was known that the building for the workrooms was raised up in 1760 –from January to May-. The economic cost traditionally atributted to this construction has resulted to be the total cost of a second building, raised in a period of five years –until August of 1765- to be occupied by the workers and their families. A second aspect studied in these pages is about the iconographic sources on which may be based some porcelain works made at the Factory.
En este trabajo se dan a conocer los resultados de investigaciones recientes sobre La Real Fábrica de Porcelana del Buen Retiro (1760-1808 que abordan dos temas. El primero, referido a la construcción de la Fábrica. Datos documentales inéditos han permitido conocer que la Manufactura del Buen Retiro fue un complejo en el que hubo dos edificaciones: de la más antigua, destinada a contener los talleres de la Fábrica, siempre se ha sabido que se construyó en cinco meses (enero, mayo 1760, aunque el costo de esta obra no coincida con el que tradicionalmente se le ha venido atribuyendo. Pero no se tenía noticia de la existencia de una segunda edificación, cuyas obras duraron cinco años y finalizaron en agosto de 1765. Este edificio estuvo destinado a albergar a los operarios de la Fábrica y su costo, muy elevado, corresponde con el que siempre se ha venido asignando a los talleres de la Fábrica. El segundo apartado se ha dedicado a mostrar las fuentes iconográficas de algunas realizaciones de porcelana de la Manufactura madrileña. -
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Halskov, Kim; Johansen, Stine Liv; Bach Mikkelsen, Michelle
2014-01-01
Three-dimensional projection installations are particular kinds of augmented spaces in which a digital 3-D model is projected onto a physical three-dimensional object, thereby fusing the digital content and the physical object. Based on interaction design research and media studies, this article ...... Fingerplan to Loop City, is a 3-D projection installation presenting the history and future of city planning for the Copenhagen area in Denmark. The installation was presented as part of the 12th Architecture Biennale in Venice in 2010....
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Romano, E; Cesari, I; Escalante, A; Liprandi, F; O'Daly, J A; Perez, H; Takiff, H
2000-01-01
The Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas (IVIC) is a government-funded multidisciplinary academic institution dedicated to research, development and technology in many areas of knowledge. Biomedical projects and publications comprise about 40% of the total at IVIC. In this article, we present an overview of some selected research and development projects conducted at IVIC which we believe contain new and important aspects related to malaria, ancylostomiasis, dengue fever, leishmaniasis and tuberculosis. Other projects considered of interest in the general area of tropical medicine are briefly described. This article was prepared as a small contribution to honor and commemorate the centenary of the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Romano Egidio
2000-01-01
Full Text Available The Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas (IVIC is a government-funded multidisciplinary academic institution dedicated to research, development and technology in many areas of knowledge. Biomedical projects and publications comprise about 40% of the total at IVIC. In this article, we present an overview of some selected research and development projects conducted at IVIC which we believe contain new and important aspects related to malaria, ancylostomiasis, dengue fever, leishmaniasis and tuberculosis. Other projects considered of interest in the general area of tropical medicine are briefly described. This article was prepared as a small contribution to honor and commemorate the centenary of the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Cabareda Fermin; Luis [Universidad de Los Andes (Venezuela)]. E-mail: lcabaredaf@gmail.com
2013-03-15
This is the new highest technology, 100% Venezuelan and unique in the world, technological innovation, world patent for maximum protection, security and zero risk (0) to all electrical and power generation systems: hydroelectric and thermoelectric power plants, wind, nuclear and solar power plants, etc; it's the only technology around the world that has the potential to disperse and propagate to land mass the enormous energies associated to the atmospheric discharges (lightning), which are in the order: 200,000 to 500,000 Amperes; 1,000 million Kilowatts and high-level transient voltage of 100 million Volts. This new high technology is the solution to the paradigm of Benjamin Franklin and it is the mechanism to end blackouts that produce so many damages and losses of billions of dollars to both generators and users of electrical service, throughout the world. [Spanish] Esta nueva mas alta tecnologia, 100% venezolana y unica en el mundo, innovacion tecnologica, patente mundial ofrece maxima proteccion, seguridad y riesgo cero (0) a todos los sistemas de generacion electrica: centrales hidroelectricas, termoelectricas, de viento, nucleares y solar, otros; es la unica tecnologia en el mundo que tiene el potencial para dispersar y propagar a la masa terrestre las enormes energias asociadas a las descargas atmosfericas (rayos) que estan en el orden de: 200.000 a 500.000 amperios, 1.000 millones de kilovatios y voltajes transitorios de alto nivel de 100 millones de voltios. Esta nueva alta tecnologia es la solucion al paradigma de Benjamin Franklin y es el mecanismo para eliminar apagones que producen danos y perdidas de billones de dolares para ambos: generados y usuarios del servicio electrico, alrededor del mundo.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Campero Littlewood, E.; Romero Cortes, J. [Departamento de Energia, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana - Unidad Azcapotzalco, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1997-12-31
This paper presents the results of the correlation analysis of the monthly consumption of electric power and the capacities in watts of the electric household appliances and domestic lighting performed in a sample of users of the residential tariff. To carry out this task, the information obtained in the answers to the inquiry applied to a group of dwellings, was used (the results of the inquiry are presented in another paper of this Seminar). The correlation variables were obtained from the nominal capacities or through the actual measurements of the energy consumption of the electric household appliances similar to the ones found in the visited homes. At the end of this paper the result of the application of the cluster analysis technic to obtain homogeneous groups of users, is presented, so as to be in position of estimating the shape of the hourly demand curve by means of the recording of the demand (watts) of a small sample of users. [Espanol] En este articulo se presenta el resultado de correlacion del consumo mensual de energia electrica y las capacidades en watts de los electrodomesticos e iluminacion realizado a una muestra de usuarios de tarifa residencial. Para este trabajo se utilizo la informacion obtenida en las respuestas de una encuesta aplicada en un conjunto habitacional (los resultados de la encuesta se presentan en otro articulo en este Seminario). Las variables de la correlacion se obtuvieron a partir de las especificaciones de capacidades o a traves de mediciones en electrodomesticos similares a los encontrados en los hogares. Al final se presenta el resultado de la aplicacion de la tecnica de formacion de agrupamientos `Cluster Analysis` para obtener grupos homogeneos de usuarios, de forma que se pueda estimar el perfil de demanda electrica mediante el registro de la demanda (watts) de una pequena muestra de usuarios.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Campero Littlewood, E; Romero Cortes, J [Departamento de Energia, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana - Unidad Azcapotzalco, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1998-12-31
This paper presents the results of the correlation analysis of the monthly consumption of electric power and the capacities in watts of the electric household appliances and domestic lighting performed in a sample of users of the residential tariff. To carry out this task, the information obtained in the answers to the inquiry applied to a group of dwellings, was used (the results of the inquiry are presented in another paper of this Seminar). The correlation variables were obtained from the nominal capacities or through the actual measurements of the energy consumption of the electric household appliances similar to the ones found in the visited homes. At the end of this paper the result of the application of the cluster analysis technic to obtain homogeneous groups of users, is presented, so as to be in position of estimating the shape of the hourly demand curve by means of the recording of the demand (watts) of a small sample of users. [Espanol] En este articulo se presenta el resultado de correlacion del consumo mensual de energia electrica y las capacidades en watts de los electrodomesticos e iluminacion realizado a una muestra de usuarios de tarifa residencial. Para este trabajo se utilizo la informacion obtenida en las respuestas de una encuesta aplicada en un conjunto habitacional (los resultados de la encuesta se presentan en otro articulo en este Seminario). Las variables de la correlacion se obtuvieron a partir de las especificaciones de capacidades o a traves de mediciones en electrodomesticos similares a los encontrados en los hogares. Al final se presenta el resultado de la aplicacion de la tecnica de formacion de agrupamientos `Cluster Analysis` para obtener grupos homogeneos de usuarios, de forma que se pueda estimar el perfil de demanda electrica mediante el registro de la demanda (watts) de una pequena muestra de usuarios.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ramos Berume, Carlos; Huacuz Villamar, Jorge M; Medrano Vaca, M. Consolacion [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)
2000-07-01
Nowadays Research and Development activities on Solar Thermal Power Generating Systems are supported by some countries around the world. Because of their thermal nature each of these plants can be operated only with solar energy or can be hybridized (solar/fossil fuel) and also with thermal storage systems. These types of solar thermal power plants are: Central Receiver, a circular field of tracking mirrors called helisotats reflects the solar energy onto receiver mounted on top of a central tower. Parabolic Trough, use linear parabolic concentrators to reflect sunlight to a receiver along the focal line (metallic pipe). Inside the pipe solar energy is absorbed in a working fluid with temperatures up to 390 Celsius degrees, which is then piped to a central location to power a conventional steam turbine and Parabolic Dish uses a parabolic dish concentrator to focus solar energy to a receiver and a heat engine/generator, located at the focus of the dish, to generate electrical power. In this document, we present the current status of technologies. A description of market opportunities, cost and technological perspectives are also included. [Spanish] Actualmente la Investigacion and Desarrollo para la generacion de potencia electrica mediante el aprovechamiento de la energia solar por la ruta termodinamica esta siendo apoyada por varios paises. Debido a su naturaleza termica estas pueden operar bajo esquemas de operacion solo con energia solar o en forma de plantas hibridas (solar-combustible fosil) y en algunos casos adaptadas con sistemas de almacenamiento termico. Los tipos de plantas solares de generacion electrica son: Receptor Central (RC), utilizan un campo colector con dispositivos llamados heliostatos arreglados en un campo circular y reflejando la radiacion solar sobre un receptor montado en la parte mas alta de una torre. Canal Parabolica (CP), estas plantas utilizan espejos curvados en forma de una parabola que redirigen los rayos del sol sobre su linea
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Uribe Blanco, Carlos Eduardo; Mata Almanza, Rafael; Picasso Blanquel, Cuitlahuac [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2011-07-01
interoperabilidad e interconectividad de los sistemas antes mencionados, de tal forma que le permita ampliar, continuar y complementar la integracion funcional de los sistemas institucionales legados y de ultima generacion. La integracion total de los sistemas le permitiran a la CFE su migracion a lo que son las Redes Electricas Inteligentes. Por lo anterior, la CFE solicito apoyo al Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) para desarrollar parte de la infraestructura para la modernizacion de la automatizacion de la distribucion, que consiste en el desarrollo de un prototipo de sistema de supervision y control, con tecnologia abierta interoperable y propietaria de la CFE, que le permita realizar las funciones de un sistema SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) para supervision y control de redes electricas de distribucion.
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Installation of the LHC experimental insertions
Bartolome-Jimenez, S
2004-01-01
The installation of the LHC experimental insertions, and particularly the installation of the low-beta quadrupoles, raises many technical challenges due to the stringent alignment specifications and to the difficulty of access in very confined areas. The compact layout with many lattice elements, vacuum components, beam control instrumentation and the presence of shielding does not allow for any improvisation in the installation procedure. This paper reviews all the constraints that need to be taken into account when installing the experimental insertions. It describes the chronological sequence of installation and discusses the technical solutions that have been adopted.
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INSTALLATION OF THE LHC EXPERIMENTAL INSERTIONS
Bartolome-Jimenez, S
2004-01-01
The installation of the LHC experimental insertions, and particularly the installation of the Low-Beta quadrupoles, raises many technical challenges due to the stringent alignment specifications and to the difficulty of access in very confined areas. The compact layout with many lattice elements, vacuum components, beam control instrumentation and the presence of shielding does not allow for any improvisation in the installation procedure. This paper reviews all the constraints that need to be taken into account when installing the experimental insertions. It describes the chronological sequence of installation and discusses the technical solutions that have been adopted.
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Production and consumption of energy in Chile 1987. Produccion y consumo de energia en Chile 1987
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
1987-01-01
Presents information, at a national level, on production and consumption of various types of energy, including statistical data on commercial deals (hydrocarbons, coal) and the activities of the companies (hydromechanical energy, vegetable wastes for power generation and biogas). Electrical energy is described in detail. The first chapter presents an energy overview of the country and its energy sources, evaluating each one in order to obtain the total energy produced in Chile. The second chapter deals with electric power in the country, classifying power installed, generated and consumed by category of producer, consumer and generating type. The third chapter discusses the planned capacity of the Zonas Electricas, and the fourth chapter reviews the characteristics of the installations, production statistics, consumption and operation of the grid.
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Installing Python Modules with pip
Fred Gibbs
2013-01-01
This lesson shows you how to download and install Python modules. There are many ways to install external modules, but for the purposes of this lesson, we’re going to use a program called pip. As of Python 2.7.9 and newer, pip is installed by default. This tutorial will be helpful for anyone using older versions of Python (which are still quite common).
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Jimenez Grajales, H. R.; Agredano Diaz, Jaime; Gonzalez Galarza, R.; Munguia del Rio, G. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2010-11-15
In Mexico, the incident solar radiation is high enough, that encourage its use both to produce process heat or electricity trough solar cells in autonomous configurations or grid. In European countries with substantially lower irradiation levels such as Germany or Spain. PV Grid Connected Systems (PVGCS) are a mature technology that is widely used in these countries, mainly due to tax incentives and preferential feed in tariffs schemes. Of the benefits that electricity production modality provides both the user and to the electricity grid and also the technical benefits for the utilities for incorporating distributed generation at its distribution system. In Mexico, more and more people are motivated to invest in this type of technology. This article analyzes the particular case of a user that is classified as High Consumption Domestic Customer (HCDC) in the city of La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico, who owns a single phase of 6 kWp PVGCS installed on the roof of her house. The reported results in this paper come from data analyzed by the Electrical Research Institute (IIE) for a three year monitoring period. The paper includes meteorological information, energy and power balances, maximum power, standard production, system losses, efficiency of the photovoltaic generator and inverters, among other performance information. The document highlights the impact that the PV system on electricity consumption user billing from the utility, and some recommendations are provided on what must be done in order get out from the HCDC classification and the economic benefits of it. [Spanish] En Mexico se tienen niveles de irradiacion solar suficientemente altos que desde un punto de vista puramente energetico alientan a su aprovechamiento en la produccion de electricidad, ello mediante sistemas fotovoltaicos directamente conectados a la red electrica convencional (SFVI). En paises europeos con niveles de irradiacion sustancialmente inferiores - i.e. Espana o Alemania- esta
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Displacement pile installation effects in sand
Beijer-Lundberg, A.
2015-01-01
Installation effects govern the post-installation behaviour of displacement piles in sand. These effects are currently not completely understood. Suitable experimental techniques to model these installation effects include field, laboratory and experimental models. In the current thesis a
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Dantas, Taisa
2017-01-01
Full Text Available La Fundación Germán Sánchez Ruipérez realizó entre los años 2009 y 2014 una importante experiencia de investigación en el ámbito de la lectura digital: el programa Territorio Ebook. En ella estuvieron involucrados cerca de 300 lectores entre 9 y 75 años, además de bibliotecarios, autores e investigadores de la Universidad de Salamanca, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca y Universidad de Granada. Entre los objetivos de este programa estuvo el de elaborar una etnografía del lector digital de las bibliotecas públicas de España, pero su alcance fue mayor ya que al contrastar estas investigaciones con otras hechas en diferentes países, es posible extrapolar sus resultados más allá de sus fronteras. En este artículo destaca uno de los diversos matices del programa Territorio Ebook, la investigación distribuida por grupos de edad. Se propone un estudio comparativo entre los resultados alcanzados por la Fundación Germán Sánchez Ruipérez según cada grupo de edad e investigaciones realizadas en otros lugares con esta misma variante. Como conclusión destaca la eficacia de investigar en profundidad todos los grupos de lectores, teniendo en cuenta que cada uno tiene características específicas que conducen a diferentes resultados.
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New fast reactor installation concept
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Anon.
1976-01-01
The large size and complexity of fast reactor installations are emphasised and these difficulties will be increased with the advent of fast reactors of higher power. In this connection a new concept of fast reactor installation is described with a view to reducing the size of the installation and enabling most components, including even the primary vessel, to be constructed within the confines of a workshop. Full constructional details are given. (U.K.)
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Cuartas, J
2002-01-01
"Los estadounidenses Lawrence Roberts, Robert Kahn y Vinton G. Cerf y el britanico Tim Berners-Lee, cuatro de los mas relevantes artifices de Internet, fueron distinguidos ayer con el Premio Principe de Asturias de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica en representacion de las "miles de personas y muchas instituciones" que han hecho posible este avance de nuestro tiempo, que, segun el acta del galardon, "esta cambiando el mundo"." (1 page).
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DAQ INSTALLATION IN USC COMPLETED
A. Racz
After one year of work at P5 in the underground control rooms (USC55-S1&S2), the DAQ installation in USC55 is completed. The first half of 2006 was dedicated to the DAQ infrastructures installation (private cable trays, rack equipment for a very dense cabling, connection to services i.e. water, power, network). The second half has been spent to install the custom made electronics (FRLs and FMMs) and place all the inter-rack cables/fibers connecting all sub-systems to central DAQ (more details are given in the internal pages). The installation has been carried out by DAQ group members, coming from the hardware and software side as well. The pictures show the very nice team spirit !
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Planning of installations in prefabricated buildings
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Stanojević Ana D.
2014-01-01
Full Text Available Planning installations is becoming an increasing problem in construction, because the number of devices for technical supply is constantly increasing with continual progress in science and technology. Since the installations of the building can not be viewed unrelated of the construction, problem of its planning is more complicated in prefabricated buildings because the elements of construction are prefabricated. Planning was formerly performed by embedding the installation in prefabricated elements. This method had a lot of flaws, and modern approach tends setting installation out of prefabricated elements except when the traditional approach proves as economical. Although the hot water heating with radiators is the most practical way of heating in prefabricated buildings, the under floor heating systems have greater and greater use. Today, prefabricated sanitary cabins have a huge use and they are much more economical in comparison to special panels for bathrooms that were once create. Approaches in terms of planning electrical installation are different, but for conventional constructed buildings, as well as prefabricated buildings, the use of lightweight prefabricated walls with embedded installations, today is recommended, when the room is loaded with a large number of this installations and if it is possible.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Huacuz Villamar, Jorge M [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)
1999-07-01
Mexico is a country endowed with abundant power resources. By the magnitude of its reserves and the installed production capacity. This article presents the different nonconventional energy resources which Mexico has, with the purpose of using them for the generation of electric energy. [Spanish] Mexico es un pais dotado de abundantes recursos energeticos. Por la magnitud de sus reservas y por la capacidad instalada de produccion. Este articulo presenta los diferentes recursos energeticos no convencionales con los que cuenta Mexico, con el fin de utilizarlos para la generacion de energia electrica.
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RESISTENCIAS FEMENINAS: INVESTIGACIONES ENTRE EL CUERPO Y EL HABLA
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Thais Oliveira Brandão
2015-06-01
Full Text Available Presentamos una propuesta de análisis de lo femenino dentro de algunos conceptos clave de la teoría feminista como son: el género, el sexo y la sexualidad, desde una postura implicada con investigaciones comprometidas, situadas y encarnadas. Analizaremos posibilidades de investigar los lenguajes orales y corporales de las mujeres con el fi n de encontrar la materialidad del cuerpo/habla en una relación sujeto/sujeto en investigación. Resaltamos que estas expresiones (orales y corporales son vividas como una forma de resistencia, de creación y que, por eso mismo, reclaman libertad. El cuerpo y el habla femeninos, interdependientes, se expresan con estrategias propias y constituyen un espacio común de liberación que también está disponible para ser investigado. AbstractAn approach on analyzing some key concepts of feminism theory, such as: gender, sex and sexuality which involves a committed thought with the compromised, embodied and located research we show in this paper. We will analyze the possibilities of looking for female oral and body languages in order to fi nd the materiality of the body/speech in relation with subject/subject in research. We emphasize that these expressions (oral and body languages are lived as a resistance and are constructed. That is why they demand freedom. The female’s body and speech are independent and are expressed with their own strategies and space of freedom which is able to be researched.
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Electrical installations technology
Whitfield, J F
1968-01-01
Electrical Installations Technology covers the syllabus of the City and Guilds of London Institute course No. 51, the "Electricians B Certificate. This book is composed of 15 chapters that deal with basic electrical science and electrical installations. The introductory chapters discuss the fundamentals and basic electrical principles, including the concept of mechanics, heat, magnetic fields, electric currents, power, and energy. These chapters also explore the atomic theory of electric current and the electric circuit, conductors, and insulators. The subsequent chapter focuses on the chemis
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Flat-plate solar collector - installation package
1978-01-01
Package includes installation, operation and maintenance manual for collector, analysis of safety hazards, special handling instructions, materials list, installation drawings, and warranty and certification statement. Manual includes instructions for roof preparation and for preparing collector for installation. Several pages are devoted to major and minor repairs.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Serrano R, Luis E; Ramirez Solis, J. Antonio; Munoz Q, Rodolfo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2004-07-01
Often, the rotary equipment faults appear as an abnormal vibration or a change in the characteristic vibration pattern of each machine. From here the importance of counting on tools that allow to acquire and to analyze the vibration signals of the equipment while it is in operation. The Gerencia de Turbomaquinaria has worked in this field since the end of the Seventies, developing diagnosis systems based on personal computers that allow the monitoring of the dynamic behavior of the rotary equipment. The main system of this type that the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE), nowadays offers, is the Computerized System for Dynamic Analysis, also known by its abbreviation in Spanish as: SICAD II. This was designed under the requirements of the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) to collect, measure and analyze vibration data of rotary equipment. It is also used in the balance, fault diagnosis and the solution of problems in rotary equipment. The system SICAD II is portable and versatile system with which vibrations are acquired, measured and analyzed by means of the presentation of the data in graphical formats of different type and application. [Spanish] A menudo, las fallas en los equipos rotatorios se manifiestan como una vibracion anormal o como un cambio en el patron de vibraciones caracteristico de cada maquina. De ahi la importancia de contar con herramientas que permitan adquirir y analizar las senales de vibracion de los equipos mientras estan en operacion. La Gerencia de Turbomaquinaria ha trabajado en este campo desde finales de la decada de los setenta, desarrollando sistemas de diagnostico basados en computadoras personales que permiten monitorear el comportamiento dinamico de los equipos rotatorios. El principal sistema de este tipo que ofrece, actualmente, el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) es el Sistema Computarizado para Analisis Dinamico, conocido tambien por su abreviacion como: Sicad II. Este fue disenado bajo los
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
De la Torre V, H. Octavio; Ramirez N, J. Tomas; Pascacio de los S, Alberth; Reyes M, Oscar A; Carrillo C, Jaime; Iturbe F, Marlene [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico); Ponce de Leon V, Eugenio [Comision Federal de Electricidad (Mexico)
2005-07-01
The continuous monitoring of the electrical variables of a generator allows the knowing of the operating status of the main components of the equipment, which is helpful at the time of emitting a diagnosis of the same one. System of diagnosis for generators of operation, denominated AnGel System (acronym of Analysis of Generators in Line). The system was developed by the Management of Electrical equipment of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) and implemented in the six units of generation of the Manzanillo Thermoelectric Unit. The present article includes a description of the main components and functions. The world-wide tendency in monitoring systems of the fault statistics, were key elements in defining the variable to be monitored: Partial discharges (PD), Shaft current (SC), Neutral current (NC), Tangential Magnetic (TM) flux, Voltages and currents of line (as reference to the operation point). The main processes of deterioration that are intended to be observed with each one of these variables are described with greater thoroughness in the article Sistema AnGel: Aspectos teorico-practicos para el diagnostico de generadores en operacion (AnGel System: Theoretical-practical aspects for the diagnosis of generators in operation), contained in the section of Research Activities in this same issue of the IIE bulletin. [Spanish] La monitorizacion continua de las variables electricas de un generador permite conocer el estado operativo de los principales componentes del equipo, lo que es de ayuda a la hora de emitir un diagnostico del mismo. Sistema de diagnostico para generadores de operacion, denominado Sistema AnGeL (acronimo de Analisis de Generadores en Linea). El sistema fue desarrollado por la Gerencia de Equipos Electricos del IIE e implementado en las seis unidades de generacion del Complejo Termoelectrico Manzanillo. El presente articulo incluye una descripcion de los principales componentes y funciones. La tendencia mundial en sistemas de
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Contreras L, Enrique; Garcia M, Pablo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)
2001-07-01
In the Laboratory of Deposits of the Gerencia de Geotermia of the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) the capacity has been developed to make tests of dynamic oil displacement by means of gas or brine injection in samples of oil well drilling cores. Also the methodologies to interpret the results of these tests in terms of dynamics and the efficiency of the oil recovery in terms of the relative permeability have been developed. These capacities represent a very important contribution towards the improvement of the insufficiency that exists in the country to make the large amount of tests of dynamic displacement that demand the different Actives of PEMEX Exploration and Production (PEP), since they satisfy their necessities of data on which the activities of design and implementation of the most suitable techniques for the hydrocarbon recovery of the oil deposits lean. In the present work these capacities are described and some examples are presented of the results that have been obtained from their application in special studies of drilling cores, which have been recently made in the Laboratory of Deposits of the IIE for diverse Actives of PEP exploitation. [Spanish] En el laboratorio de yacimientos de la Gerencia de Geotermia del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) se ha desarrollado la capacidad de realizar pruebas de desplazamiento dinamico de aceite mediante inyeccion de salmuera o de gases en muestras de nucleos de perforacion de pozos petroleros. Tambien se han desarrollado las metodologias para interpretar los resultados de estas pruebas en terminos de la dinamica y la eficiencia de la recuperacion de aceite y en terminos de la permeabilidades relativas. Estas capacidades representan una contribucion muy importante hacia el mejoramiento de la insuficiencia que existe en el pais para realizar la gran cantidad de pruebas de desplazamiento dinamico que demandan los diferentes activos de explotacion de PEMEX Exploracion y Produccion (PEP), ya
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Solar tracking mechanism in two axes; Mecanismo de seguimiento solar en dos ejes
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Ramirez Benitez, Juan Rafael; Ramos Berumen, Carlos; Beltran Adan, Jose; Lagunas Mendoza, Javier [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)]. E-mail: jlagunas@iie.org.mx; rramirez@iie.org.mx; cramos@iie.org.mx
2010-11-15
The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) has been interested in the Parabolic Dish technology for electricity generation in Mexico, then through its Non Conventional Energy Department has dedicated special tasks concerning to the knowledge and development of such technology. The structural component, reflective surface support and the tracking system which allows concentrate the solar energy into the receiver have been designed and manufactured. For the mechanical device and control of the solar tracking have been projected a set with servomotors, an electronic control as well as an interface for the equipment configuration and follow-up. In order for getting the following of the apparent movement of the sun, information on the sun paths through the year was analyzed and in consequence elevation and azimuth angles were determined. Using that approaches, for fixing the sun position sensors are not used and then only the control algorithm and the electronic device developed at the IIE were implemented. In this paper the sun tracking system and the electronic control device are presented. [Spanish] La tecnologia de plato parabolico para la generacion de electricidad en Mexico, ha sido de gran interes para el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, por lo que a traves de la Gerencia de Energias No Convencionales se ha avocado a la tarea de conocer y desarrollar esta tecnologia. Se ha disenado y fabricado la parte estructural, la base de la superficie reflejante y el sistema de seguimiento que permite concentrar la energia solar en el receptor. Para el mecanismo y control del seguidor solar se ha propuesto un mecanismo que utiliza servomotores, un control electronico asi como una interfaz para configurar el equipo y monitorear sus variables. Para lograr el seguimiento del movimiento aparente del sol se analizo la informacion en literatura de las trayectorias del sol a lo largo del ano, logrando asi determinar los angulos de altitud y azimut para acotar el
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Safety of nuclear installations in Slovakia
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
1998-01-01
In this part next aspects are described: (1) Site selection (Legislation related to site selection; Meeting criteria at Bohunice and Mochovce sites; International agreements); (2) Design preparation and construction (Designing and construction-relevant legislation; Nuclear installation project preparation of nuclear installation at Mochovce site); (3) Operation (Operator licensing procedure; Operation limits and conditions; Maintenance testing and control documentation for management and operation; Technical support of operation; Analysis of events at nuclear installations and Radioactive waste production); (4) Planned safety upgrading activities at nuclear installations
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Erica-Lorena Avendaño-Tobón
2016-01-01
Full Text Available Este artículo es producto de las reflexiones generadas en el grupo de estudio “Etnomatemática y Educación Matemática” adscrito al grupo de investigación “Matemáticas, Educación y Sociedad-MES”, en el marco de la construcción de un estado del arte de las investigaciones realizadas en el campo de la Etnomatematica en la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad de Antioquia. Estado del arte, que se constituye a partir del diálogo entre nuestros idearios sobre la Etnomatemática y la Educación Matemática y los caminos recorridos, esto es, las perspectivas epistemológicas, metodológicas y curriculares de las investigaciones analizadas. Diálogos que nos posibilitaron reconocer las tensiones y desafíos de ser y hacer investigación en el campo de la Etnomatemática y la Educación Matemática, entre ellos se encuentra: la mirada del investigador, escuchar otras formas de ser y hacer desde las comunidades y sistematizar las prácticas estudiadas. Para lograrlo, planteamos la necesidad de tejer conversaciones con los documentos, con maestras, maestros y/o investigadores participantes de estos estudios que nos posibilitaron, además reconocer y ampliar horizontes teóricos y metodológicos para futuras investigaciones en el campo.
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Python Introduction and Installation
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
William J. Turkel
2012-07-01
Full Text Available This first lesson in our section on dealing with Online Sources is designed to get you and your computer set up to start programming. We will focus on installing the relevant software – all free and reputable – and finally we will help you to get your toes wet with some simple programming that provides immediate results. In this opening module you will install the Python programming language, the Beautiful Soup HTML/XML parser, and a text editor. Screencaps provided here come from Komodo Edit, but you can use any text editor capable of working with Python. Here’s a list of other options: Python Editors. Once everything is installed, you will write your first programs, “Hello World” in Python and HTML.
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46 CFR 111.60-5 - Cable installation.
2010-10-01
... REQUIREMENTS Wiring Materials and Methods § 111.60-5 Cable installation. (a) Each cable installation must meet... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Cable installation. 111.60-5 Section 111.60-5 Shipping... incorporated by reference; see 46 CFR 110.10-1), including clause 8. (b) Each cable installation made in...
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Performance of buried pipe installation.
2010-05-01
The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of geometric and mechanical parameters : characterizing the soil structure interaction developed in a buried pipe installation located under : roads/highways. The drainage pipes or culverts instal...
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rodriguez Varela, Javier [Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Unidad Saltillo (Mexico)
2006-10-15
This article proposes the electrical energy generation via electrochemistry as substitute of petroleum and discusses on the development of low and high temperature fuel cells fed by diverse types of fuels: electrolyte fuel cells of polymeric membrane, PEM cells H{sub 2}/O{sub 2}, cell of direct alcohol consumption, PEM cells and bio-fuel cells, SOFC cells and bio-fuel cells. It presents its constitution, operation principles, and use plausibility, present situation in the market, advantages and disadvantages, as well as already made cell insertion projects. [Spanish] Este trabajo propone la generacion de energia electrica via electroquimica como sustituto del petroleo y discurre sobre el desarrollo de celdas de combustible de baja y alta temperatura alimentadas por diversos tipos de combustibles: celdas de combustible de electrolito de membrana polimerica, celda PEM H{sub 2}/O{sub 2}, celda de consumo directo de alcohol, celdas PEM y biocombustibles, celdas de combustible de oxido solido y biocombustibles. Expone su constitucion, principios de operacion, plausibilidad de uso, situacion actual en el mercado, ventajas y desventajas, asi como proyectos de insercion de celdas ya realizados.
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El foro romano de Iuliobriga (Cantabria: nuevas investigaciones arqueológicas
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Cepeda Ocampo, Juan José
2009-12-01
Full Text Available This article offers a general interpretation of Iuliobriga’s forum, emphasizing its characteristics and peculiarities from the information obtained in the latest archaeological research. It focuses on the results of an excavation made in 2004 inside the church of Santa María in Retortillo. This archaeological dig has allowed us to broaden the view we had of the forum’s square, thanks to the discovery of a new functional space inside it. The archaeological research has also revealed information about the origin of the habitat in Iuliobriga and permits the forum to be dated with certainty in the Flavian period.Se ofrece una interpretación general del foro de Iuliobriga, destacando sus características y peculiaridades tras la información obtenida en las últimas investigaciones arqueológicas. En especial, se presentan los resultados de una excavación realizada en 2004 en el interior de la iglesia de Santa María de Retortillo, la cual ha permitido ampliar la visión que se tenía de la plaza porticada del foro, con el descubrimiento de un nuevo espacio funcional dentro de éste. La misma intervención arqueológica ha aportado datos sobre el origen del hábitat en Iuliobriga y sobre la datación flavia del conjunto monumental del foro.
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Calidad de vida: panorámica de investigaciones clínicas
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Geraldine V. Padilla
2005-01-01
Full Text Available Este informe proporciona una panorámica de investigaciones clínicas pertenecientes a los estudios de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CDVRS incluyendo cuestiones sobre el significado de la calidad de vida en la atención sanitaria, campos y definiciones conceptuales, teorías, definiciones operacionales, la relevancia clínica de resultados estadísticos significativos, y la relación entre investigación clínica, práctica clínica, valoraciones de CDVRS y resultados de CDVRS. Se revisan campos no directamente pertenecientes a la CDVRS y definiciones generales así como los campos y definiciones de la CDVRS. Las teorías y modelos presentados distinguen entre predictores y resultados de calidad de vida. Se describen unas pocas medidas de calidad de vida útiles y bien conocidas, así como útiles depósitos de cuestionarios en páginas web. El concepto de diferencia mínima clínicamente importante proporciona una estrategia para determinar la significación clínica de la significación estadística y más allá de ella. Finalmente se ofrece un modelo basado en la relación cuidador-paciente para explicar la influencia de la investigación clínica en la conducta clínica y los resultados de CDVRS.
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Patricio López-Jaramillo; Federico Silva; Paul A Camacho; Lina P Pradilla; Ronald García; Christian Rueda-Clausen; Yalil Bracho; Sandra Silva; Ligia Rueda; Narella Rodríguez; Juan G Zarruk; Mayaris Mendoza; Mario Arenas; William Arenas; Isabel C Bolívar
2006-01-01
Durante los últimos años, el Instituto de Investigaciones de la Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia ha centrado sus proyectos en el estudio de las diferencias en los mecanismos etiofisiopatológicos de la hipertensión inducida por el embarazo y del síndrome metabólico en poblaciones de países desarrollados y en vía de desarrollo, así como en el peso específico de los factores de riesgo que determinan la presentación de estas enfermedades. Los resultados obtenidos de las investigaciones realiz...
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Evaluación del desempeño y motivación del personal en los Institutos de Investigaciones de Salud
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Omar Ramón Urdaneta Quintero
2013-01-01
Full Text Available La evaluación del desempeño es una herramienta de vital importancia para los que gerencian el recurso humano a favor de mejorar el desarrollo progresivo de las habilidades y el grado de motivación de los trabajadores. En ese sentido, la motivación es la fuerza que actúa dentro de un individuo para iniciar y dirigir su comportamiento. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar la evaluación del desempeño y la motivación del personal en los Institutos de Investigaciones de Salud. El estudio fue descriptivo, transeccional, no experimental y de campo. La población estuvo conformada por los institutos de investigaciones de la facultad de medicina y odontología de la Universidad del Zulia siendo las unidades de observación el personal adscrito a estas instituciones, como técnica de recolección de datos se usó el cuestionario tipo encuesta, el cual fue validado por un grupo de expertos, aplicándose luego una prueba piloto y cuyo nivel de confiabilidad fue de 0,95. Los resultados arrojaron la ausencia de una evaluación del desempeño que mida el rendimiento de los trabajadores, ausencia de reconocimientos frecuentes al personal, así como la no aplicabilidad de sanciones por violar una norma, se concluyó la ausencia de evaluaciones formales e informales que generan en el personal malestar en relación a las escasas recompensas y la no aplicación de sanciones por el trabajo incumplido.
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Beltrán Cabrejo, Andrea del Pilar
2014-01-01
Introducción. En el presente trabajo se pretende identificar los factores psicosociales laborales asociados con el bienestar del trabajador en investigaciones realizadas en Colombia y España, durante el periodo 2002 – 2012. Objetivo. Este trabajo tiene como fin, precisar sobre el desarrollo investigativo en lo referente a los factores psicosociales y su relación con el bienestar, de los trabajadores en Colombia y España durante el período 2002-2012, por medio de los estudios encontrados ...
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Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra (CICTERRA)
2017-01-01
Objetivo: Generar un proyecto “Proyecto de unidades ejecutoras” (PUE) consensuado entre la mayoría de los integrantes del instituto que fomente las prácticas colaborativas y la interacción interdisciplinaria. Como primera etapa, se implementó internamente un Taller de Ciencia Abierta y Colaboración Interdisciplinaria con el apoyo del Centro de Investigaciones para la Transformación (CENIT). Se trabajó sobre las percepciones del colectivo acerca del pasado, presente y futuro del CICTERRA y sob...
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Santi, María Florencia
2013-01-01
Gran parte del conocimiento que se genera en ciencias sociales involucra un número considerable de personas, quienes participan respondiendo preguntas, relatando sus historias, siendo informantes clave, participando de experimentos o siendo simplemente observados por las y los investigadores. Estos participantes son quienes proveen los datos primarios a partir de los cuales se hace investigación social. El primer interrogante que surge es: ¿tienen estas investigaciones la potencialidad de...
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Professional operation and management of nuclear island installation
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Ma Limin
2011-01-01
As an important part of nuclear power plant construction, nuclear island installation mainly involves main equipment installation, pipeline installation, associated procedure examination and other important tasks. However, due to the nuclear island installation management changing from single project to multi-projects, the problems such as professional management of nuclear island installation and the lack of technical staff become more and more prominent and become one of the key restricts to the work of nuclear island installation. Based on analysis of the single project, single-base nuclear island installation management and practice, combined with the current situation that multi-project and multi-base construction of nuclear power are carrying out at the same time, this paper proposes a new management model of nuclear island installation. (author)
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Planning and installing photovoltaic systems a guide for installers, architects and engineers
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sonnenenergie (DGS)
2013-01-01
New third edition of the bestselling manual from the German Solar Energy Society (DGS), showing you the essential steps to plan and install a solar photovoltaic system. With a global focus, it has been updated to include sections on new technology and concepts, new legislation and the current PV market.Updates cover:new developments in inverter and module technologymarket situation worldwide and outlookintegration to the grid (voltage stabilization, frequency, remote control)new legal requirements for installation and planningoperational costs for dismantling and recyclingfeed-in managementnew requirements for fire protectionnew requirements in Europe for electric waste (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment, WEEE) and the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances (RoHS).Also providing information on current developments in system design, economic analysis, operation and maintenance of PV systems, as well as new software tools, hybrid and tracking systems.An essential manual for installers, e...
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A General Purpose High Performance Linux Installation Infrastructure
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Wachsmann, Alf
2002-01-01
With more and more and larger and larger Linux clusters, the question arises how to install them. This paper addresses this question by proposing a solution using only standard software components. This installation infrastructure scales well for a large number of nodes. It is also usable for installing desktop machines or diskless Linux clients, thus, is not designed for cluster installations in particular but is, nevertheless, highly performant. The infrastructure proposed uses PXE as the network boot component on the nodes. It uses DHCP and TFTP servers to get IP addresses and a bootloader to all nodes. It then uses kickstart to install Red Hat Linux over NFS. We have implemented this installation infrastructure at SLAC with our given server hardware and installed a 256 node cluster in 30 minutes. This paper presents the measurements from this installation and discusses the bottlenecks in our installation
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Barrera Pijal, Einstein Wagner
2014-01-01
296 hojas : ilustraciones, 29 x 21 cm + CD-ROM 5418 En el presente trabajo se evaluó el riesgo de incendio del Centro de Investigaciones Geológicas Quito (CIGQ) y se propuso un Sistema de Protección y Plan de Emergencia. Mediante el método "What if.?" y listas de verificación pertinentes, se identificaron los peligros de incendio correspondientes al surgimiento, propagación, dificultad de extinción y obstáculos de evacuación. Los riesgos respectivos a los peligros identificados, se valor...
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Arango Gómez, Jorge Eduardo; Sierra Vargas, Fabio Emiro; Silva Leal, Vladimir
2014-01-01
Resumen Las metodologías y aplicaciones sobre el uso de la tecnología del biogás aparecen en el mundo en gran parte de las investigaciones científicas sobre el tema de la eficiencia, la combustión y el control de emisiones en motores de combustión interna (MCI), las cuales han venido desarrollando en un contexto histórico el mejoramiento de aspectos sociales, económicos y ambientales de Asia, Europa, África y Latinoamérica. En el presente análisis se da una mirada al estado del arte de los mo...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Luisa Álvarez Vázquez
2006-09-01
Full Text Available Las investigaciones sobre Atención Primaria de Salud pueden ser diversas, en ellas se puede necesitar no solo de lo que se relaciona con el diagnóstico médico de las afecciones, sino de la profundización en el conocimiento de problemas relevantes para la toma de decisiones en aspectos de esta atención, muchos de los cuales necesitan de técnicas específicas para su estudio. Este trabajo pretende no solo mostrar valoraciones de estudios realizados con técnicas cualitativas, sino también brindar elementos conceptuales de las técnicas utilizadas. El trabajo parte de los principios básicos de la Atención Primaria y sigue como procedimientos la revisión bibliográfica en libros, revistas e información disponible en Infomed. En la revisión bibliográfica se identifican investigaciones con enfoque cualitativo relacionadas con este tema y de las técnicas cualitativas más utilizadas. Se ejemplifican los resultados en campos específicos, que requieren de investigaciones de enfoque cualitativo, y se brindan comentarios sobre la necesidad de ver los estudios cualitativos y cuantitativos como complementarios. Como aspecto fundamental se expone que las técnicas cualitativas aplicadas a la Atención Primaria de Salud han estado limitadas, así como la existencia de bibliografía y la factibilidad de su aplicación a partir de los ejemplos brindados.The researches on primary health care may be diverse. Not only what is related to the medical diagnosis of the affections may be necessary, but also to go deep into the knowledge of the relevant problems for the decision making in aspects of this sphere that need specific techniques for their study. This paper is aimed at showing assessments of studies conducted with qualitative techniques and at giving conceptual elements of the techniques used. It is based on the basic principles of Primary Care and follows as procedures the bibliographic review in books, journals and information available in
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
William Caiche
2016-04-01
Full Text Available El desarrollo de Hábitos de lectura en estudiantes de educacion superior represent un verdadero reto para el docente, sobre todo porque dicha práctica impulsa la capacidad de analizar y de emitir juicios de valor y consolida las bases cognitivas que recibe en el proceso de aprendizaje, se ha identificado que, el estudiante de Administracion de empresas en el desarrollo de actividades academicas cita referencias bibliograficas que, de manera mayoritaria proviene de consultas de bajo nivel academico, por otro lado, es escaso el numero de referencias que incluyen, esta situacion limita el aprendizaje, y se reflejan en los resultadops de evaluacion del proceso. Este trabajo plantea como objetivo determinar el efecto que tiene en el aprendizaje la implementacion de una guia de investigacion bibliografica paa el nivel basico en los estudiantes de Carrera de Administracion de Empresas de la UPSE; para el efecto se recurre a un diseño de investigacion explicativo que a traves de la compracion del antes y el despues permita verificar el logro de tal objetivo.
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Buckling of Bucket Foundations During Installation
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Madsen, Søren
There is a great politically will to expand the green energy market in these times. A proven green technology is wind turbines. Wind turbines have been installed in great numbers on land over the last decades. However, the current development in wind turbine design leads to larger turbine sizes...... in order to reduce the cost of energy. This limits the on land application due to transportation limitations and unwillingness from prospect neighbours. Thus, offshore wind energy started developing over the last couple of years. Although installing the wind turbines offshore resolves the before men tioned...... issues, it brings up the cost of energy mainly due to increased installation and maintenance costs. A very large part—up to 30–50% using current technology—of the installation cost origins from the expenses related to the installation of foundations. A new foundation concept—the bucket foundation...
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Current status and installation of dental PACS
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Park, Chang Seo; Kim, Kee Deog; Park, Hyok; Jeong, Ho Gul
2004-01-01
Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) is difficult to implement in the best of situations, but evidence is growing that the benefits are significant. The aims of this study are to analyze the current status of full PACS and establish successful installation standard of dental PACS. Materials and Methods were based on the investigation of current working status and installation standard of PACS, and observation of variable issues to installation of dental PACS. By September 30, 2004, full PACS implementations in their facilities were 88.1% in specialized general hospitals (37 installations out of total 42 hospitals), 59.8% in general hospitals (144 installations out of total 241 hospitals), 12.3% in medical hospitals (116 installations out of total 941 hospitals) and 3.6% in dental hospitals (4 installations out of total 110 hospitals). Only 4 university dental hospitals currently have installed and are operating full PACS. Major obstacle to wide spread of dental PACS is initial high investments. Clinical environments of dental PACS differed from medical situation. Because of characteristic dental practice, the initial investments for dental PACS are generally much greater than those of medical PACS. Also new economic crisis makes users scruple. The best way to overcome these limitations is to establish an economic installation standard for dental PACS. Also the clear technical communication between the customer and the supplier before both sides are committed to the obstacles are critical to its success.
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Dasgupta, Priyadarshini Sengupta; Punnett, Laura; Moir, Susan; Kuhn, Sarah; Buchholz, Bryan
2016-07-01
The study was conducted to assess an intervention suggested by the workers to reduce the physical or ergonomic exposures of the drywall installation task. The drywall installers were asked to brainstorm on innovative ideas that could reduce their ergonomic exposures during the drywall installation work. The workers proposed the idea of using a 'deadman' (narrow panel piece) to hold the panels to the ceiling while installing them. The researcher collected quantitative exposure data (PATH, 3DSSPP) at the baseline and intervention phases and compared the phases to find out any change in the exposure while using the 'deadman'. Results showed that ergonomic exposures (such as overhead arm and awkward trunk postures and heavy load handling) were reduced at the intervention phase while using the 'deadman' with an electrically operated lift. The concept of the 'deadman', which was shown to help reduce musculoskeletal exposures during ceiling installation, can be used to fabricate a permanent ergonomic tool to support the ceiling drywall panel. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd and The Ergonomics Society. All rights reserved.
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Installations solaires photovoltaïques
2014-01-01
Cet ouvrage présente les règles de conception et de mise en œuvre des installations photovoltaïques raccordées au réseau public de distribution à basse tension. Il s’applique aux bâtiments neufs et existants et concerne non seulement les petites installations résidentielles, d’une puissance de l’ordre de quelques kWc, mais aussi celles des bâtiments collectifs, tertiaires ou agricoles. Il traite successivement : - des fondamentaux de l'énergie solaire photovoltaïque (gisement solaire, principe de la conversion, composants d'une installation...) ; - du dimensionnement de l'installation (choix des matériels, règles de conception, estimation de l'énergie récupérable...) ; - de sa mise en oeuvre (travail en hauteur, habilitation électrique, mise en service, maintenance...) ; - des démarches administratives nécessaires (aides financières, accès au réseau de distribution, vente de l'électricité produite...).
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Solar Installation Labor Market Analysis
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Friedman, B.; Jordan, P.; Carrese, J.
2011-12-01
The potential economic benefits of the growing renewable energy sector have led to increased federal, state, and local investments in solar industries, including federal grants for expanded workforce training for U.S. solar installers. However, there remain gaps in the data required to understand the size and composition of the workforce needed to meet the demand for solar power. Through primary research on the U.S. solar installation employer base, this report seeks to address that gap, improving policymakers and other solar stakeholders understanding of both the evolving needs of these employers and the economic opportunity associated with solar market development. Included are labor market data covering current U.S. employment, expected industry growth, and employer skill preferences for solar installation-related occupations. This study offers an in-depth look at the solar installation sectors. A study published by the Solar Foundation in October 2011 provides a census of labor data across the entire solar value chain.
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46 CFR 58.10-5 - Gasoline engine installations.
2010-10-01
... MACHINERY AND RELATED SYSTEMS Internal Combustion Engine Installations § 58.10-5 Gasoline engine installations. (a) Engine design. All installations shall be of marine type engines suitable for the intended... of such protection. (d) Exhaust pipe. (1) Exhaust pipe installations must conform to the requirements...
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Gonzalez Andrade, Carlos
2008-12-15
Electrical distribution systems ought to deliver electric power as economical as possible with an acceptable degree of service quality and continuity. Nevertheless, their faults represent one of the main causes of customer's unavailability. At the moment, a wide range of determinist criteria in the improvement of systems reliability based on past behavior are used, but they do not respond to the stochastic nature of system behavior, and are applied without an adequate balance between reliability and economy. In order to obtain this balance a minimum cost planning methodology that considers the predictive analysis of different investment alternatives in addition to the past behavior of the system is required, which guarantees that the economic resource available and limited will be used to gather the greater possible reliability degree. In this work this problem is approached with the fundamentals and methodologies needed to assess the design effects and operative criteria over the main reliability indexes used by the main utilities around the world, with emphasis on the need to optimize economical resources. The use of the system SynerGEETM, is investigated, probing it as a useful tool for the predictive reliability analysis. Due to the lack of experience that exists in Mexico with this type of analysis, distribution engineers has to become familiar with the concepts of the reliability engineering, their application to establish distribution systems models, and acquiring the ability to use the modern simulation tools, allowing them to evaluate the behavior of these systems with enough analytical rigor. In this sense a serial of well known study cases are presented to help them in this labor. [Spanish] Los sistemas de distribucion de energia electrica deben satisfacer la demanda de energia electrica de la forma mas economica posible, con un grado de calidad y continuidad aceptable. Sin embargo, sus fallas son una de las principales causas de indisponibilidad en
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Fradin, J; Azoeuf, P; Guillon, A [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires
1966-07-01
An installation has been set up for carrying out manipulations and chemical analyses on radioactive products. It is completely remote-controlled and is of linear shape, 15 metres long; it is made up of three zones: - an active zone containing the apparatus, - a rear zone giving access to the active zone, - a forward zone independent of the two others and completely protected from which the remote-control of the apparatus is effected. The whole assembly has been designed so that each apparatus corresponding to an analytical technique is set up in a sealed enclosure. The sealed enclosures are interconnected by a conveyor. After three years operation, a critical review is now made of the installation. (authors) [French] L'installation a ete realisee pour effectuer des manipulations et des analyses chimiques sur des produits radioactifs. Elle est totalement telecommandee et se presente sous une forme lineaire de 15 metres de longueur et comporte trois zones: - une zone active d'appareillage, - une zone arriere d'intervention, - une zone avant independante des deux premieres et totalement protegee, ou s'operent les telecommandes de l'appareillage. L'ensemble a ete concu de facon a ce que chaque appareillage correspondant a une technique d'analyse soit implante dans une enceinte etanche. Les enceintes etanches sont reliees entre elles par un convoyeur. Apres trois annees de fonctionnement nous faisons le bilan et les critiques de l'installation. (auteurs)
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
1998-01-01
This document presents the fulfilling of the Brazilian obligations under the Convention on Nuclear Safety. The Chapter 2 of the document contains some details about the existing Brazilian nuclear installations. Also, safety improvements at Angra 1 and aspects of Angra 2 and 3 are reported
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
2001-01-01
This document presents the fulfilling of the Brazilian obligations under the Convention on Nuclear Safety. The Chapter 2 of the document contains some details about the existing Brazilian nuclear installations. Also, safety improvements at Angra 1 and aspects of Angra 2 and 3 are reported
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Pin, A.; Perez, S.; Videcoq, J.; Ammerich, M.
2008-01-01
This book corresponds to the practical module devoted to the base nuclear installations and to the installations classified for the environment protection, that is to say the permanent nuclear installations susceptible to present risks for the public, environment or workers. Complied with the legislation that stipulates this module must allow to apply the acquired theoretical training to practical situations of work, it includes seven chapters as follow: generalities on access conditions in regulated areas of nuclear installation,s or installations classified for environment protection and clothing against contamination; use of control devices and management of damaged situations; methodology of working place studies, completed by the application to a real case of a study on an intervention on a containment wall; a part entitled 'take stock of the situation' ends every chapter and proposes to the reader to check its understanding and acquisition of treated knowledge. (N.C.)
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24 CFR 3280.709 - Installation of appliances.
2010-04-01
... 24 Housing and Urban Development 5 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Installation of appliances. 3280... Fuel Burning Systems § 3280.709 Installation of appliances. (a) The installation of each appliance... the manufacturer's instructions attached to the appliance. Every appliance shall be secured in place...
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14 CFR 171.159 - Installation requirements.
2010-01-01
... Installation requirements. (a) The facility must be installed according to accepted good engineering practices... must have a reliable source of suitable primary power, either from a power distribution system or...
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Successful pipeline installation for Parque das Conchas development; Subsea installation
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Bartz, Cesar
2010-07-01
Subsea 7 has successfully delivered again in Brazilian deep-waters. The subsea engineering and construction company has recently completed pipeline installation activities for the Parque das Conchas (BC-10) development, offshore Brazil. (AG)
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24 CFR 3286.203 - Installation license required.
2010-04-01
... performance of the installation work in compliance with the requirements of this part. (3) A license is not required for individuals working as direct employees of a licensed installer or for the company that... and competent performance of all employees working under the licensed installer's supervision and for...
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46 CFR 181.520 - Installation and location.
2010-10-01
... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Installation and location. 181.520 Section 181.520... TONS) FIRE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT Portable Fire Extinguishers § 181.520 Installation and location... the space being protected. The installation and location must be to the satisfaction of the Officer in...
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Anon.
1994-01-01
This summer, the first superconducting magnet was installed in 3.8 kilometre tunnel for Brookhaven's RHIC heavy ion collider (October, page 31). Manufactured by Northrop Grumman's Electronics and System Integration Division, the magnet is the first of RHIC's 373 dipoles. In addition to the dipoles, Northrop Grumman will also provide 432 RHIC quadrupoles. The first quadrupole was delivered on 8 April, a month before the first dipole arrived for onsite testing prior to installation. RHIC will need 1,700 superconducting magnets - dipoles, quadrupoles, sextupoles and correcting magnets, 1,200 of which will be built by industry and the rest built at Brookhaven. The 300 sextupoles are being supplied by Everson Electric
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46 CFR 58.10-10 - Diesel engine installations.
2010-10-01
... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Diesel engine installations. 58.10-10 Section 58.10-10... MACHINERY AND RELATED SYSTEMS Internal Combustion Engine Installations § 58.10-10 Diesel engine installations. (a) The requirements of § 58.10-5 (a), (c), and (d) shall apply to diesel engine installations...
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Johny Villada Zapata; Liliana Chaves Castaño
2012-01-01
El artículo presenta el análisis de contenido derivado de una revisión sistemática en la que se retomaron 57 estudios que tenían el lenguaje como tema central. Las investigaciones consultadas arrojan diversos aportes teóricos de los cuales sobresale, en primer lugar, el origen social de este proceso, tanto en la filogénesis como en la ontogénesis. En segundo lugar puede afirmarse que su desarrollo se ve afectado negativa o positivamente por variables como la nutrición, la relación con los pad...
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Ramírez Criollo, Nubia Lucía
2012-01-01
Ese trabajo presenta el análisis de las investigaciones realizadas en el posgrado de Geotecnia de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Bogotá, desde la creación en el año 1966 de los programas de especialización y maestría en Ingeniería Civil y el recién programa de Doctorado en Ingeniería – Geotecnia, creado en el año 2004. Compila y organiza de manera sistemática y crítica un total de 192 registros (trabajos de investigación de especialización, maestría y doctorado del programa de po...
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32 CFR 634.25 - Installation traffic codes.
2010-07-01
... 32 National Defense 4 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Installation traffic codes. 634.25 Section 634.25 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY (CONTINUED) LAW ENFORCEMENT AND CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS MOTOR VEHICLE TRAFFIC SUPERVISION Traffic Supervision § 634.25 Installation traffic codes. (a) Installation or activit...
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Modern electrical installation for craft students
Scaddan, Brian
2013-01-01
Modern Electrical Installation for Craft Students, Volume 2, Third Edition discusses several topics concerning electrical installations. The book is comprised of eight chapters that deal with craft theory, associated subjects, and electrical industries. Chapter 1 covers inductors and inductance, while Chapter 2 tackles capacitors and capacitance. Chapter 3 deals with inductance and capacitance in installation work. The book also discusses cells, batteries, and transformers. The electrical industries, control and earthing, and testing are also dealt with. The last chapter discusses the basic el
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A novel method for coiled tubing installation
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Simpson, Peter J. [2H Offshore, Houston, TX (United States); Tibbetts, David [Aquactic Engineering and Construction Ltd., Aberdeen (United Kingdom)
2009-12-19
Installation of flexible pipe for offshore developments is costly due to the physical cost of the flexible pipe, expensive day rates and the availability of suitable installation vessels. Considering the scarcity of flexible pipe in today's increasingly demanding and busy market, operators are seeking a cost effective solution for installing piping in a range of water depths using vessels which are readily on hand. This paper describes a novel approach to installing reeled coiled tubing, from 1 inch to 5 inch diameter, from the back of a small vessel in water depths from 40 m up to around 1000 m. The uniqueness of the system is the fact that the equipment design is modular and compact. This means that when disassembled, it fits into standard 40 ft shipping containers, and the size allows it to be installed on even relatively small vessels of opportunity, such as anchor handling or installation vessels, from smaller, and cheaper quay side locations. Such an approach is the ideal solution to the problem faced by operators, in that it allows the installation of cheaper, readily available coiled tubing, from cost-effective vessels, which do not need to transit to a pick up the system. (author)
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Towards a Framework for Projection Installations
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Halskov, Kim; Falck, Hans William
2013-01-01
Projection installations are part of Spatially Augmented Reality, where the projection medium is used to enrich a fixed, bounded physical space with digital content. Projection technology enables us to turn many kinds of physical objects into displays. In this paper we develop and present...... a conceptual framework that addresses three aspects of a projection installation: the contentassociated with the object, the digital content, and the relation between the two. We conclude the paper with a set of strategies commonly used in projection installations: Enhancing or emphasizing physical aspects......; Transforming materiality; Adding virtual objects; 3D effects; Complex content on simple objects or simple content on complex; Strong versus loose connections between the physical object and the digital content. This paper is based on four cases, two of which concern cultural heritage installations, the others...
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Python Introduction and Installation
William J. Turkel; Adam Crymble
2012-01-01
This first lesson in our section on dealing with Online Sources is designed to get you and your computer set up to start programming. We will focus on installing the relevant software – all free and reputable – and finally we will help you to get your toes wet with some simple programming that provides immediate results. In this opening module you will install the Python programming language, the Beautiful Soup HTML/XML parser, and a text editor. Screencaps provided here come from Komodo ...
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Lietojumprogrammu instalāciju izveides risinājumi
Zālītis, Mārtiņš
2010-01-01
Bakalaura darbā „Lietojumprogrammu instalāciju izveides risinājumi” mērķis ir izanalizēt lietotājam draudzīgas un nedraudzīgas instalācijas, kā arī salīdzināt instalāciju veidošanas rīkus, norādot uz to stiprajām un vājajām pusēm. Lai izpētītu instalāciju izveides iespējas tiek izmantota tīmeklī pieejamā informācija, autora darbs ar instalāciju rīkiem un to novērtējums. Parādīta sarežģītas instalācijas uzbūve, kas izveidota ar NSIS instalāciju rīku, kuru arī autors atzīst par labāko risinājum...
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Lessons learned from installation of an environmental horizontal well
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Oakley, D.B.; Nickelson, M.D.
1994-01-01
At Williams Air Force Base near Phoenix, Arizona, a Pilot Study/Demonstration Study is being performed to evaluate the effectiveness of horizontal vs vertical wells in remediating and containing a jet fuel contaminant plume. An early stage of this project included successful installation of the world's longest, deepest environmental horizontal well. The horizontal well was installed using river crossing technology developed for drilling boreholes and installing utility conduits under rivers. Boreholes more than 5,000 ft. long have been successfully installed using river crossing technology. However, these boreholes are typically shallower than 100 ft. below land surface. Installation of the environment horizontal well proved to be extremely challenging because of the depth, the length of the borehole, and the requirements dictated by well installation criteria. Two installation attempts failed before the successful installation. The first installation attempt failed during well material installation. The second attempt resulted in the drill string becoming permanently stuck and abandoned downhole. The history of the two failed and one successful installation attempts demonstrates several lessons learned, including (1) streamline the well materials installation process as much as possible; (2) guar-gum-based drilling muds do not have the gel strength to remove sufficient cuttings from deep boreholes; (3) if sandpack around the well screen is required, a prepack screen should be installed--avoid using tremie pipes for installing a sandpack; (4) drill string location information provided by surface magnetic systems is unreliable at 150 ft. or more bls; and (5) for difficult drilling conditions, 24 hr./day drilling is recommended
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Mexican-US cooperation on renewable energy programs
Waddle, D. B.
1991-04-01
I traveled to Mexico on April 1 with Pete Smith and Chris Rovero of Oak Ridge Associated Universities on a mission sponsored by the Agency for International Development (AID) to initiate a technical support project with Mexican government and private institutions. We met with officials of AID; the Programa Nacional de Solidaridad; the Laboratorio de Energia Solar; Instituto Investigaciones de Electricidad; Comision Federal de Electricidad; Compania de Luz y Fuerza del Centro; and several private firms to discuss the terms of support. An AIDE Memoire was drafted outlining the scope of future assistance. I traveled to San Jose, Cost Rica on April 7, 1991. There I met with Carlos Rodriguez, manager of Cooperativa Electrica de San Carlos, and Federico Baltodano, the director of BEL Ingenieria to discuss the San Lorenzo hydroelectric project. Details of an engineering and financial analysis outlining the costs and benefits of adding daily pondage to the project were discussed, as was the project development schedule and other issues. I returned to Oak Ridge on April 9, 1991.
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UTILIDAD DE LAS INVESTIGACIONES MONOGRÁFICAS EN LA URACCAN, RECINTO NUEVA GUINEA
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Oved Zeledón Membreño
2012-10-01
Full Text Available La investigación permitió conocer el estado actual y utilidad de las monografías existentes en la biblioteca “Luz en la Selva” de la URACCAN, recinto Nueva Guinea, 2003 – 2009. Fue un estudio mixto, con predominancia del enfoque cualitativo, se utilizaron técnicas de recolección de datos como revisión bibliográfica, encuestas y entrevistas a través de las cuales se obtuvo resultados acerca de la clasificación de las 115 monografías realizadas entre los años 2003-2009, se destaca con mayor aporte las áreas de Ciencias de la Educación, Humanidades y Recursos Naturales y Medio Ambiente, porque exige entre sus requisitos de culminación los trabajos monográficos. El enfoque fue mixto con predominancia cualitativa. Las principales líneas de investigación fueron las de desarrollo socioeconómico ambiental y metodologías de enseñanza-aprendizaje. La comunidad universitaria tiene conocimiento de la existencia de las monografías en la biblioteca; sin embargo, las formas de divulgación no han sido efectivas. Las monografías han presentado diferentes utilidades: generando proyectos, fuente de otras investigaciones y resolución de problemáticas comunitarias.
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Importance of human factors on nuclear installations safety
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Caruso, G.J.
1990-01-01
Actually, installations safety and, in particular the nuclear installations infer a strong incidence in human factors related to the design and operation of such installations. In general, the experience aims to that the most important accidents have happened as result of the components' failures combination and human failures in the operation of safety systems. Human factors in the nuclear installations may be divided into two areas: economy and human reliability. Human factors treatments for the safety evaluation of the nuclear installations allow to diagnose the weak points of man-machine interaction. (Author) [es
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Installation of the LHC transfer lines begins
Patrice Loïez
2003-01-01
The first of 700 magnets has been installed in one of the two transfer tunnels built to transfer the SPS beam into the LHC. The start of this first installation phase of the LHC transfer lines provides the opportunity to launch a new and highly original modular system for transporting and installing all kinds of magnets in very narrow tunnels. The system is based on very compact bogies, up to four of which can be coupled together to form a convoy. The wheels are fitted with individual motors enabling them to swivel through an angle of 90° and the convoy to move laterally. The first installation phase will continue until mid-April. In addition to the magnets, a beam dump facility also has to be installed. The second installation phase will take place later this year and should be completed in 2004, when the TI 8 transfer line is due to be tested. The second transfer line, in tunnel TI 2, should be ready in April 2007, once the LHC magnets have been transported through the downstream section of this tunnel.Pho...
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Installation of the LHC transfer lines begins
Patrice Loïez
2003-01-01
The first of 700 magnets has been installed in one of the two transfer tunnels built to transfer the SPS beam into the LHC. The start of this first installation phase of the LHC transfer lines provides the opportunity to launch a new and highly original modular system for transporting and installing all kinds of magnets in very narrow tunnels. The system is based on very compact bogies, up to four of which can be coupled together to form a convoy. The wheels are fitted with individual motors enabling them to swivel through an angle of 90° and the convoy to move laterally. The first installation phase will continue until mid-April. In addition to the magnets, a beam dump facility also has to be installed. The second installation phase will take place later this year and should be completed in 2004, when the TI 8 transfer line is due to be tested. The second transfer line, in tunnel TI 2, should be ready in April 2007, once the LHC magnets have been transported through the downstream section of this tunnel. Th...
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Installation of the LHC transfer lines begins
Patrice Loïez
2003-01-01
The first of 700 magnets has been installed in one of the two transfer tunnels built to transfer the SPS beam into the LHC. The start of this first installation phase of the LHC transfer lines provides the opportunity to launch a new and highly original modular system for transporting and installing all kinds of magnets in very narrow tunnels. The system is based on very compact bogies, up to four of which can be coupled together to form a convoy. The wheels are fitted with individual motors enabling them to swivel through an angle of 90° and the convoy to move laterally. The first installation phase will continue until mid-April. In addition to the magnets, a beam dump facility also has to be installed. The second installation phase will take place later this year and should be completed in 2004, when the TI 8 transfer line is due to be tested. The second transfer line, in tunnel TI 2, should be ready in April 2007, once the LHC magnets have been transported through the downstream section of this tunnel. We...
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Performance evaluation of buried pipe installation.
2010-05-01
The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of geometric and mechanical parameters characterizing the soil structure interaction developed in a buried pipe installation located under roads/highways. The drainage pipes or culverts installed ...
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Inchausti, J. M.
2009-07-01
The aim of this article is to describe the internal arc phenomenon, an extremely fast, almost explosive and unattended process of transformation form an initial electric power to the generation of a pressure and heat wave inside the medium its produced its consequences for safety, current methods of limiting them and current regulations in general for equipment used in medium-voltage electrical distribution networks. Taking into account that this type of equipment is found thought the distribution network in both public buildings and unrestricted access areas, safety (of operators and the general public) must be taken into account in the design of equipment and installations to minimize the risk of internal arcs occurring. This is the gist of, for example, ITC 16 of the Spanish Regulation on Power Plants and transformer substations. In addition to the construction aspects specific to each device in which the manufacturer has to takes steps to minimize the risks of an internal arcs occurring. This is the gist of, for example, ITC 16 of the Spanish Regulation on Power Plants and transformer substations. In addition to the construction aspects specific to each device in which an internal arc occurring, it is understood to be vitally important that users, installers and designers of Medium Voltage installations are familiar with the installation conditions stated by the manufacturer and thus avoid risks. (Author) 14 refs.
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Fuel followed control rod installation at AFRRI
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Moore, Mark; Owens, Chris; Forsbacka, Matt
1992-01-01
Fuel Followed Control Rods (FFCRs) were installed at the Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute's 1 MW TRIGA Reactor. The procedures for obtaining, shipping, and installing the FFCRs is described. As part of the FFCR installation, the transient rod drive was relocated. Core performance due to the addition of the fuel followed control rods is discussed. (author)
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The insurance of nuclear installations
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Francis, H.W.
1977-01-01
A brief account is given of the development of nuclear insurance. The subject is dealt with under the following headings: the need for nuclear insurance, nuclear insurance pools, international co-operation, nuclear installations which may be insured, international conventions relating to the liability of operators of nuclear installations, classes of nuclear insurance, nuclear reactor hazards and their assessment, future developments. (U.K.)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Bartlett, Roscoe A. [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Baird, Mark L. [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Berrill, Mark A. [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Kulesza, Joel A. [Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States); Mervin, Brenden T. [Electric Power Research Inst. (EPRI), Charlotte, NC (United States)
2016-08-16
This guide describes the structure and setup of the standard VERA development environment (VERA Dev Env) and standard VERA Third Party Libraries (TPLs) that need to be in place before installing many of the VERA simulation components. It describes everything from the initial setup on a new machine to the final build, testing, and installation of VERA components. The goal of this document is to describe how to create the directories and contents outlined in Standard VERA Dev Env Directory Structure and then obtain the remaining VERA source and build, test, and install any of the necessary VERA components on a given system. This document describes the process both for a development version of VERA and for a released tarball of the VERA sources.
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Bartlett, Roscoe A.; Baird, Mark L.; Berrill, Mark A.; Kulesza, Joel A.; Mervin, Brenden T.
2016-01-01
This guide describes the structure and setup of the standard VERA development environment (VERA Dev Env) and standard VERA Third Party Libraries (TPLs) that need to be in place before installing many of the VERA simulation components. It describes everything from the initial setup on a new machine to the final build, testing, and installation of VERA components. The goal of this document is to describe how to create the directories and contents outlined in Standard VERA Dev Env Directory Structure and then obtain the remaining VERA source and build, test, and install any of the necessary VERA components on a given system. This document describes the process both for a development version of VERA and for a released tarball of the VERA sources.
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Field installation and maintenance
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Prebble, R.E.
1981-01-01
The use of a neutron moisture meter for the determination of the water content of soil necessitates the installation of an access tube down which the probe can be lowered. Errors in neutron count rate will be introduced if water enters the air gap between a loose fitting tube and the soil. Errors may also be caused by changes in the soil structure resulting from the techniques for soil removal and from driving the access hole. Access tube materials and dimensions, methods of installation and maintenance of the site are discussed
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
José Buschini
2013-01-01
Full Text Available El trabajo analiza la creación y el funcionamiento inicial del Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas de la Academia Nacional de Medicina (Buenos Aires, Argentina en el contexto de modernización científica que se inició en el país a mediados de la década de 1950, a partir de fuentes documentales. Se presta particular atención a la conformación de las bases materiales y los mecanismos institucionales y culturales para el desarrollo de investigaciones científicas y de prácticas clínicas asistidas por procedimientos y técnicas anclados en las ciencias básicas. Asimismo, se atiende a la conformación y el desarrollo de una escuela de investigación en la Sección Leucemia Experimental, un caso que ilustra las concreciones efectivas de las iniciativas asociadas a la organización de un centro científico.
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Garrues-Irurzun, Josean; Lopez-Garcia, Santiago
2009-01-01
To understand the regulation system of the Spanish electricity market it is first necessary to understand on the one hand the system of tariffs and prices, and on the other the organization of the market for high voltage distribution. This article is concerned with this second aspect and traces its history from 1944, this is because before that date it was not possible to speak of a truly national market, but rather only of regional monopolies. In the 1940s, with Franco's new political regime, and the development of the Spanish electricity sector, it became necessary to completely rethink business strategies in relation to competition and cooperation, as well as the regulatory function of the state. In the 1950s, the main feature of the sector was the system of business self-regulation permitted by the state. Throughout the remaining years of Franco's government state intervention was particularly focussed on the subject of tariffs, but with the onset of democracy the state was to involve itself in the transmission network as well. A debate began as to whether it should be run by a private or public operator. In this dispute were ranged, on the one hand, the economic policy concepts of the major parties (PSOE and PP), and against them the strategic interests of the companies. Although the high voltage transmission network was nationalized by the state in the mid-1980s, establishing a 'traditional' model of regulation, the 1990s saw the triumph of a market-based regulation, strongly influenced by the dominant ideas in the European Union, which has converted Red Electrica into a private company. Currently the TSO (Transmission System Operators) model has been extended to Portugal and has entered into competition-cooperation with the other models of the European electricity market. (author)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Bratu, N; Campero, E; Dorantes, R; Fuentes, V; Figueroa, A; Garcia, R; Zekkour, A [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1994-12-31
This paper presents a diagnosis of the electrical energy consumption in the library of the Azcapotzalco Unit of the Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, to determine the actions that can be implemented for energy conservation. This without disturbing the lighting and thermal comfort. The analysis showed that, by changing the reflecting surfaces of the lighting lamps, the number of units can be reduced, without lowering the illumination level below the recommended values. The saving was estimated for replacement of the fluorescent lamps for others of metallic halogenides in the areas where the ceiling is high; for the installation of switches to improve the selectivity in turning on and turning off the lamps, achieving this way a better usage of the natural light; for the reduction of the electric load of the air conditioning units which will be obtained in incorporating induced draft shafts; and for an improvement in the electric and ballast installation. For the actions that turned out to be redeemable in three years the assistance of the Fideicomiso de Apoyo al Programa de Ahorro de Energia del Sector Electrico (FIDE) of the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) has been available. It is expected that the execution of the modifications will be carried out in the November and December months of 1993, and the results will be evaluated in 1994. [Espanol] En este trabajo se presenta un diagnostico del consumo de energia electrica en la biblioteca de la Unidad Azcapotzalco de la Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana para determinar las acciones que se pueden llevar a cabo para ahorrar energia electrica. Esto sin deteriorar el confort luminico y termico. El analisis mostro que, cambiando las superficies reflectoras de las luminarias, se puede reducir el numero de lamparas, sin que el nivel de iluminacion quede debajo de los valores recomendados. Se estimaron ahorros: por la sustitucion de las lamparas fluorescentes por otras de halogenuros metalicos en las partes donde el
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Bratu, N.; Campero, E.; Dorantes, R.; Fuentes, V.; Figueroa, A.; Garcia, R.; Zekkour, A. [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)
1993-12-31
This paper presents a diagnosis of the electrical energy consumption in the library of the Azcapotzalco Unit of the Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, to determine the actions that can be implemented for energy conservation. This without disturbing the lighting and thermal comfort. The analysis showed that, by changing the reflecting surfaces of the lighting lamps, the number of units can be reduced, without lowering the illumination level below the recommended values. The saving was estimated for replacement of the fluorescent lamps for others of metallic halogenides in the areas where the ceiling is high; for the installation of switches to improve the selectivity in turning on and turning off the lamps, achieving this way a better usage of the natural light; for the reduction of the electric load of the air conditioning units which will be obtained in incorporating induced draft shafts; and for an improvement in the electric and ballast installation. For the actions that turned out to be redeemable in three years the assistance of the Fideicomiso de Apoyo al Programa de Ahorro de Energia del Sector Electrico (FIDE) of the Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) has been available. It is expected that the execution of the modifications will be carried out in the November and December months of 1993, and the results will be evaluated in 1994. [Espanol] En este trabajo se presenta un diagnostico del consumo de energia electrica en la biblioteca de la Unidad Azcapotzalco de la Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana para determinar las acciones que se pueden llevar a cabo para ahorrar energia electrica. Esto sin deteriorar el confort luminico y termico. El analisis mostro que, cambiando las superficies reflectoras de las luminarias, se puede reducir el numero de lamparas, sin que el nivel de iluminacion quede debajo de los valores recomendados. Se estimaron ahorros: por la sustitucion de las lamparas fluorescentes por otras de halogenuros metalicos en las partes donde el
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The Villas Carrousel PV-Wind Hybrid Project
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Huacuz, Jorge M. [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1997-12-31
A pilot project was carried out to supply electrical services for an ecological hotel (eco-hotel), using solar and wind energy in Southeast Mexico. Fifteen small photovoltaic-wind hybrid systems were designed and built by researchers of the Electrical Research Institute of Mexico (IIE), as part of a cooperation agreement with the mexican company Carrousel Operadora Turistica, aimed at developing a technology package to supply electrical services to similar hotels sited in remote areas. Each hybrid system includes one wind generator of 500W nominal capacity, one PV panel ranging in power from 150W to 320 Watts peak, one lead-acid battery bank of 570 ampere-hour in capacity, and an electronic charge controller. This paper describes the systems and summarizes the results from the first twelve months of operation. [Espanol] Se llevo a cabo un proyecto piloto para el suministro de servicios electricos a un hotel ecologico (eco-hotel), utilizando energia solar y energia del viento en el Sudeste de Mexico. Investigadores del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas de Mexico, disenaron y construyeron quince pequenos sistemas hibridos fotovoltaicos-viento, como parte de un acuerdo de cooperacion con la compania mexicana Carrousel Operadora Turistica, orientado al desarrollo de un paquete tecnologico para proporcionar servicios de energia electrica a hoteles similares ubicados en areas remotas. Cada sistema hibrido incluye un aero-generador con capacidad nominal de 500W un panel foto-voltaico con una potencia que varia entre los 150W y los 320W pico, una banco de baterias de plomo-acido de 570 amperes-hora de capacidad y un controlador electronico de carga. Este articulo describe los sistemas y presenta un resumen de los resultados de los primeros doce meses de operacion.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Narvaez Perez, Camilo; Garcia Conejo, Dante Aristoteles [Comision Federal de Electricidad, Centro Nacional de Control de Energia, Area de Control Occidental, Zapopan, Jalisco (Mexico)]. E-mail: camilo.narvaez@cfe.gob.mx; camilo.narvaez@univa.mx; Ramirez Peredo, Patricia [Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco (Mexico)]. E-mail: patyrape@hotmail.com; Blanco Gomez, Cesar Eduardo [Comision Federal de Electricidad, Centro Nacional de Control de Energia, Area de Control Occidental, Zapopan, Jalisco (Mexico)
2013-03-15
The growing power demand of users, who make loads of power systems, causes the components of such systems operating near its operating limits. And the transmission line, being the most common component in these, requires a thorough analysis in regard to the probability of three-phase shots and monopolars reclosing, considering thunderstorms, the demand system time, the flows circulating in lines, maintenance on other lines and other imponderantes. This research analyzes the normal probability of occurrence of shots in the 400 kV core network of the Area de Control Occidental, CFE and its impact on studies conducted prior to the maintenance. We intend to use the methodology in the Comision Federal de Electricidad and results can be validated with data from previous years, based on a pseudo shots forecast in a given period. [Spanish] La creciente demanda de energia electrica de los usuarios que componen las cargas de los sistemas electricos de potencia, provoca que los componentes de dichos sistemas funcionen cerca de sus limites operativos. Y la linea de transmision, al ser el componente mas comun en estos, requiere de un analisis minucioso en lo que respecta a la probabilidad de disparos trifasicos y recierres monopolares, considerando tormentas electricas, la demanda horaria del sistema, los flujos que circulan en las lineas, los mantenimientos en las demas lineas y demas imponderantes. En esta investigacion se analiza la probabilidad normal de ocurrencia de disparos en la red troncal de 400 kV del Area de Control Occidental y su impacto en los estudios que se realizan previos a los mantenimientos. Se pretende utilizar la metodologia en la Comision Federal de Electricidad, y los resultados pueden ser validados con datos de los anos anteriores, ya que se hace un pseudo pronostico de disparos en un periodo dado.
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The Villas Carrousel PV-Wind Hybrid Project
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Huacuz, Jorge M [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca (Mexico)
1998-12-31
A pilot project was carried out to supply electrical services for an ecological hotel (eco-hotel), using solar and wind energy in Southeast Mexico. Fifteen small photovoltaic-wind hybrid systems were designed and built by researchers of the Electrical Research Institute of Mexico (IIE), as part of a cooperation agreement with the mexican company Carrousel Operadora Turistica, aimed at developing a technology package to supply electrical services to similar hotels sited in remote areas. Each hybrid system includes one wind generator of 500W nominal capacity, one PV panel ranging in power from 150W to 320 Watts peak, one lead-acid battery bank of 570 ampere-hour in capacity, and an electronic charge controller. This paper describes the systems and summarizes the results from the first twelve months of operation. [Espanol] Se llevo a cabo un proyecto piloto para el suministro de servicios electricos a un hotel ecologico (eco-hotel), utilizando energia solar y energia del viento en el Sudeste de Mexico. Investigadores del Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas de Mexico, disenaron y construyeron quince pequenos sistemas hibridos fotovoltaicos-viento, como parte de un acuerdo de cooperacion con la compania mexicana Carrousel Operadora Turistica, orientado al desarrollo de un paquete tecnologico para proporcionar servicios de energia electrica a hoteles similares ubicados en areas remotas. Cada sistema hibrido incluye un aero-generador con capacidad nominal de 500W un panel foto-voltaico con una potencia que varia entre los 150W y los 320W pico, una banco de baterias de plomo-acido de 570 amperes-hora de capacidad y un controlador electronico de carga. Este articulo describe los sistemas y presenta un resumen de los resultados de los primeros doce meses de operacion.
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Seismic studies for nuclear installations sites
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Mohammadioun, B.; Faure, J.
1988-01-01
The french experience in seismic risks assessment for french nuclear installations permits to set out the objectives, the phases the geographic extensions of workings to be realized for the installation safety. The data to be collected for the safety analysis are specified, they concern the regional seismotectonics, the essential seismic data for determining the seism level to be taken into account and defining the soil movement spectra adapted to the site. It is necessary to follow up the seismic surveillance during the installation construction and life. 7 refs. (F.M.)
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Installation for producing sealed radioactive sources
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Fradin, J.; Hayoun, C.
1969-01-01
This installation has been designed and built for producing sealed sources of fission elements: caesium 137, strontium 90, promethium 147, ruthenium 106 and cerium 144 in particular. The installation consists of sealed and protected cells, each being assigned to a particular production. The safety and the operational reliability of the equipment are the principal considerations which have governed this work. The report describes the installation and, in particular, the apparatus used as well as the various control devices. In conclusion, a review as presented of six years operation. (authors) [fr
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Biggest semiconductor installed
2008-01-01
Scientists and technicians at the European Laboratory for Particle Physics, commonly known by its French acronym CERN (Centre Europen pour la Recherche Nuclaire), have completed the installation of the largest semiconductor silicon detector.
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First ALICE detectors installed!
2006-01-01
Detectors to track down penetrating muon particles are the first to be placed in their final position in the ALICE cavern. The Alice muon spectrometer: in the foreground the trigger chamber is positioned in front of the muon wall, with the dipole magnet in the background. After the impressive transport of its dipole magnet, ALICE has begun to fill the spectrometer with detectors. In mid-July, the ALICE muon spectrometer team achieved important milestones with the installation of the trigger and the tracking chambers of the muon spectrometer. They are the first detectors to be installed in their final position in the cavern. All of the eight half planes of the RPCs (resistive plate chambers) have been installed in their final position behind the muon filter. The role of the trigger detector is to select events containing a muon pair coming, for instance, from the decay of J/ or Y resonances. The selection is made on the transverse momentum of the two individual muons. The internal parts of the RPCs, made o...
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49 CFR 393.30 - Battery installation.
2010-10-01
... NECESSARY FOR SAFE OPERATION Lamps, Reflective Devices, and Electrical Wiring § 393.30 Battery installation... 49 Transportation 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Battery installation. 393.30 Section 393.30 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY...
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Demographic characteristics of nuclear installations sites
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Doumenc, A.; Faure, J.
1988-01-01
The selection of a nuclear installations sites can not be conceived without a deep analysis of demographic context. This analysis permits to define the critical populations around the installation and is an essential element of emergency plans. 1 tab., 2 refs. (F.M.)
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The safety of nuclear installations
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
1993-01-01
This Safety Fundamental publication sets out basic objectives, concepts and principles for ensuring safety that can be used both by the IAEA in its international assistance operations and by Member States in their national nuclear programmes. These Safety Fundamentals apply primarily to those nuclear installations in which the stored energy developed in certain situations could potentially results in the release of radioactive material from its designated location with the consequent risk of radiation exposure of people. These principles are applicable to a broad range of nuclear installations, but their detailed application will depend on the particular technology and the risks posed by it. In addition to nuclear power plants, such installations may include: research reactors and facilities, fuel enrichment, manufacturing and reprocessing plants; and certain facilities for radioactive waste treatment and storage
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Madrigal Caballo, Samuel
2016-01-01
En este trabajo se estudian y detallan , bajo el punto de vista de los riesgos laborales, los riesgos que suponen para los trabajadores los principales procesos , equipos y máquinas que se emplean en el Laboratorio Oficial de Investigaciones Metalográficas de la ETSI Minas y Energía- UPM (LIMM) ya sean mecánicos, químicos, físicos o eléctricos. Además de los riesgos específicos citados debemos tener en cuenta que el personal del laboratorio también se ve sometido a riesgos por manipulación de...
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Garcia, Ralph
2012-01-01
The Centro de Investigacion en Ciencias Atomicas, Nucleares y Moleculares, CICANUM, is a research unit of the Universidad de Costa Rica; which is dedicated to research over the use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes. The research areas covered are: health, biosciences, science agrifood, environmental pollution, earth sciences and the sea and national heritage. The different laboratories are thirteen, among them: the mass spectrometry, gas sensors, x-ray fluorescence, thermoluminescence, gamma spectrometry, physics and chemistry of the earth, and microwave plasma, reference, alpha spectrometry, radiochemical and chemical preparations, nuclear electronics and instrumentation; plus, whatever with neutron sources and radioactive waste winery [es
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Buschini, José
2013-12-01
Using documentary sources, this work analyzes the creation and initial functioning of the Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas (Institute of Hematological Research) of the National Academy of Medicine (Buenos Aires, Argentina) in the context of the scientific modernization initiated within the country during the mid-1950s. Particular attention is paid to the generation of material bases and institutional and cultural mechanisms for the development of scientific research and of clinical practices guided by procedures and techniques rooted in the basic sciences. The formation and development of a research school in the Experimental Leukemia Section of the institute is explored as a case illustrative of the effective consolidation of initiatives oriented towards the organization of a scientific center.
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Genier, C.; Capper, S.
1988-01-01
The size of the LEP project, coupled with the tight construction schedules, calls for organized planning, logistics, monitoring and control. This is being carried out at present using tools such as ORACLE the Relational Database Management System, running on a VAX cluster for data storage and transfer, micro-computers for on-site follow-up, and PC's running Professional ORACLE, DOS and XENIX linked to a communications network to receive data feedback concerning transport and handling means. Following over 2 years of installations, this paper presents the methods used for the logistics of installation and their results
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Nuclear installations and their environment
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Rieu, Ch.; Berge-Thierry, C.; Duval, C.; Bonnet, Ch.; Gaubert, B.; Riffard, Th.; Greffier, G.; Cervantes, J.C.; Le Breton, F.; Clement, C.; Charbonnier, R.; Andreani, A.M.; Maubert, H.; Maisonneuve, A.
2002-01-01
This dossier deals with protection of nuclear installations against external risks. The articles come from the presentations of the Conference on 'Nuclear installations and their environment', held by the 'Safety and Environment Protection' Section of the French Nuclear Energy Society on October 15, 2002. Floods, earthquakes, winter cold, snow-falls, wind, fires are the main natural risks taken into account. Risks from industrial environment and communication lines are also considered. (authors)
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Suitcase to Audit Solar Installations
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Alberdi, J.; Barcala, J.M.; Blas de, J.; Molinero, A.; Navarrete, J.J.; Yuste, C.
2001-07-01
The audit suitcase was proposed by BESEL to introduce in the solar energy market a new tool which can make an evaluation of solar installation efficiency. Non-invasive sensors and low power components permit both easy installation of the devices and data storage for a period as long as ten days. This project was funded by the contract JOR3-CT98-7030 of the European Union JOULE III program. (Author)
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Suitcase to Audit Solar Installations
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Alberdi, J.; Barcala, J. M.; Blas, J. de; Molinero, A.; Navarrete, J. J.; Yuste, C.
2001-01-01
The audit suitcase was proposed by BESEL to introduce in the solar energy market a new tool which can make an evaluation of solar installation efficiency. Non-invasive sensors and low power components permit both easy installation of the devices and data storage for a period as long as ten days. This project was funded by the contract JOR3-CT98-7030 of the European Union JOULE III program. (Author)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Bertin, Galo; Felix, Jorge A; Quijano, Octavio [Especialistas en Turbopartes, S.A. de C.V., Queretaro, Queretaro (Mexico)
2007-11-15
This paper presents some of the main criteria to consider from the inspection, disassembling and assembly of blades with different root types of a turbine rotor of steam turbines for power generation, having as an aim to count on a reliable rotor, fulfilling with the equipment original design and norms and international standards. [Spanish] Este trabajo presenta algunos de los criterios principales a considerar desde la inspeccion, desmontaje y montaje de alabes de diferentes tipos de raiz de un rotor de turbinas de vapor de generacion electrica, teniendo como finalidad contar con un rotor confiable, cumpliendo con el diseno original del equipo y con normas y estandares internacionales.
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Improving Energy Security for Air Force Installations
Schill, David
Like civilian infrastructure, Air Force installations are dependent on electrical energy for daily operations. Energy shortages translate to decreased productivity, higher costs, and increased health risks. But for the United States military, energy shortages have the potential to become national security risks. Over ninety-five percent of the electrical energy used by the Air Force is supplied by the domestic grid, which is susceptible to shortages and disruptions. Many Air Force operations require a continuous source of energy, and while the Air Force has historically established redundant supplies of electrical energy, these back-ups are designed for short-term outages and may not provide sufficient supply for a longer, sustained power outage. Furthermore, it is the goal of the Department of Defense to produce or procure 25 percent of its facility energy from renewable sources by fiscal year 2025. In a government budget environment where decision makers are required to provide more capability with less money, it is becoming increasingly important for informed decisions regarding which energy supply options bear the most benefit for an installation. The analysis begins by exploring the field of energy supply options available to an Air Force installation. The supply options are assessed according to their ability to provide continuous and reliable energy, their applicability to unique requirements of Air Force installations, and their costs. Various methods of calculating energy usage by an installation are also addressed. The next step of this research develops a methodology and tool which assesses how an installation responds to various power outage scenarios. Lastly, various energy supply options are applied to the tool, and the results are reported in terms of cost and loss of installation capability. This approach will allow installation commanders and energy managers the ability to evaluate the cost and effectiveness of various energy investment options.
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Development regulation regarding with licensing of nuclear installation
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Bambang Riyono; Yudi Pramono; Dahlia Cakrawati Sinaga
2011-01-01
Provisions of Article 17 paragraph (3) of Law Number 10 Year 1997 on Nuclear cleary mandates for the establishment of government regulations (GR) on Nuclear licensing containing the requirements and procedure, both from the standpoint of their utilization and installation. To use has been rising GR No.29 Year 2008 on the Use of Ionizing Radiation Sources and Nuclear Materials, while for the installation has been published PP No.43 Year 2006 on Nuclear Reactor Licensing, and BAPETEN Chairman Decree No.3 Year 2006 on Non-reactor Nuclear Installation Licensing. Based on the background of the preparation of both the aforementioned are just regulate the reactor and utilization, not yet fully meet the mandate of Article 17 paragraph (3) of Law No.10 of 1997 on Nuclear, including other nuclear installations. For these reasons, it initiated the need for a separate regulation containing provisions concerning licensing of non-reactor nuclear installations. On the other side from the understanding the legal aspects and interpretations of the Law No.10 of 2004 on the Establishment Regulation Legislation, should be in single mandate of Article 17 paragraph (3) of Law No.10 of 1997 on Nuclear would only produce one of the requirements and procedure for the use or installation, or a maximum of two (2) GR related licensing the use and installation. This is encourages conducted the assessing or studies related to how possible it is according to the legal aspect is justified to combine in one Nuclear licensing regulations regarding both the use and installation, by looking at the complexity of installation and wide scope of utilization of nuclear energy in Indonesia. The results of this paper is expected to provide input in the preparation of GR on licensing of nuclear installations. (author)
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Decommissioning and dismantling of nuclear installations
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Pelzer, N.
1993-01-01
The German law governing decommissioning and dismantling of nuclear installations can be called to be embryonic as compared to other areas of the nuclear regulatory system, and this is why the AIDN/INLA regional meeting organised by the German national committee in July 1992 in Schwerin has been intended to elaborate an assessment of the current legal situation and on this basis establish proposals for enhancement and development, taking into account the experience reported by experts from abroad. The proceedings comprise the paper of the opening session, 'Engineering and safety aspects of the decommissioning of nuclear installations', and the papers and discussions of the technical sessions entitled: - Comparative assessment of the regulatory regimes. - Legislation governing the decommissioning of nuclear installations in Germany. - Analysis of the purpose and law making substance of existing regulatory provisions for the decommissioning of nuclear installations. All seventeen papers of the meeting have been prepared for separate retrieval from the database. (orig./HSCH) [de
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Culture safety in the nuclear installation
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Benar Bukit
2008-01-01
Culture safety is aimed to empower all the personnel to contribute and responsible to the installation safety where they work in. Culture safety is important as there were so many accidents happened due to the little attention given to the safety, take as examples of what happened in Three Mille Island installation (1979) and Chernobyl (1986). These remind us that human factor gives a significant contribution to the failure of operational system which influences the safety. Therefore, as one of institutions which has nuclear installation. National Nuclear Energy Agency must apply the culture safety to guarantee the safety operation of nuclear installation to protect the personnel, community and environment from the hazard of radioactive radiation. Culture safety has two main components. The first component under the management responsibility is a framework needed in an organisation. The second component is the personnel attitude in al/ levels to respond and optimize those framework. (author)
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Notes on LED Installations in Street Illumination
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Elisabeta Spunei
2014-09-01
Full Text Available The paper presents a study made on choosing LED street lighting installations, such that the quality requirements for exterior artificial lighting are fulfilled. We analyze two types of LED street lighting installations from a technical point of view, together with lighting level and brightness values obtained during the measurements. Following on the field measurements, the lighting quality parameters are calculated, and, for the lighting installation with the best performance, optimal mounting suggestions are made. The optimal quality parameters are calculated by simulations using the Dialux software. The same software and the same light sources we also compute an optimal street lighting by determining the size of the installation that provides the best lighting parameter values.
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Bances Chávez, Karin C.; Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana; Arbildo Ortiz, Humberto; Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana; Ruiz Frias, Angel; Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana; Pizango Paima, Emer Gloria; Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana; Cubas-Guerra, Rossana; Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana; del Águila Pizarro, Marina C.; Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana
2016-01-01
La presente investigación se realizó con la finalidad de determinar los índices parasitarios en larvas, poslarvas y alevinos de C. macropomum (gamitana). Los muestreos se llevaron a cabo de junio a septiembre de 2010 en los estanques del Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana. Las observaciones parasitológicas se realizaron en 50 larvas y 150 poslarvas de gamitana, con la ayuda del estereoscopio y microscopio, utilizando para tal efecto la técnica de squash; mientras que en alevi...
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Civilian protection and Britain's commercial nuclear installations
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
1981-01-01
The subject is treated as follows: initial conclusions (major nuclear attack on military installations; nuclear attack including civil nuclear targets; conventional attack on civil nuclear installations); nature of nuclear weapons explosions and power reactor releases (general; dose effects and biologically significant isotopes; nuclear weapon effects; effect of reactors and other fuel-cycle installations in a thermonuclear area; implications of reactor releases due to conventional attack, sabotage, civil disorder or major accident). (U.K.)
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14 CFR 25.1703 - Function and installation: EWIS.
2010-01-01
... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Function and installation: EWIS. 25.1703... AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES Electrical Wiring Interconnection Systems (EWIS) § 25.1703 Function and installation: EWIS. (a) Each EWIS component installed in any area of the...
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Offshore Cable Installation - Lillgrund. Lillgrund Pilot Project
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Unosson, Oscar [Vattenfall Vindkraft AB, Stockholm (Sweden)
2009-01-15
This report describes the installation method and the experiences gained during the installation of the submarine cables for the offshore wind farm at Lillgrund. The wind farm consists of 48 wind turbines and is expected to produce 0.33 TWh annually. Different aspects of the installation, such as techniques, co-operation between the installation teams, weather conditions and regulatory and environmental issues are described in this report. In addition, recommendations and guidelines are provided, which hopefully can be utilised in future offshore wind projects. The trenches, in which the submarine cables were laid, were excavated weeks before the cable laying. This installation technique proved to be successful for the laying of the inter array cables. The export cable, however, was laid into position with difficulty. The main reason why the laying of the export cable proved more challenging was due to practical difficulties connected with the barge entrusted with the cable laying, Nautilus Maxi. The barge ran aground a number of times and it had difficulties with the thrusters, which made it impossible to manoeuvre. When laying the inter array cables, the method specification was closely followed, and the laying of the cables was executed successfully. The knowledge and experience gained from the offshore cable installation in Lillgrund is essential when writing technical specifications for new wind plant projects. It is recommended to avoid offshore cable installation work in winter seasons. That will lower the chances of dealing with bad weather and, in turn, will reduce the risks
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Risk assessment techniques for industrial installations
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Croitoru, C.; Dumitrescu, M.; Preda, I.; Stefanescu, I.; Titescu, G.
1995-01-01
This paper presents a risk analysis which concerns the following stages: identification of the initiation events, evaluation of the occurrence frequency of different accident sequences, assessment of human, economical, and environmental consequences, risk assessment and management. The study of the accident sequences subsequent to an initiation event was achieved by the event tree method. Also, there were developed methods based on mathematical models of installations which take into account reliability data, data concerning the exploitation history, and data referring to the human factor effects in the installation operation. These methods were used for the determination of occurrence frequencies of hydrogen sulfide emission accidents in the heavy water production installations
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Lacour, J. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires; Legoin, P. [S.E.M. Hispano-Suiza, 92 - Colombes (France)
1964-07-01
In the first volume: This report is a description of the reactor Pegase, given with a view to examine the safety of the installations. The Cadarache site at which they are situated is briefly described, in particular because of the consequences on the techniques employed for building Pegase. A description is also given of the original aspects of the reactor. The independent loops which are designed for full-scale testing of fuel elements used in natural uranium-gas-graphite reactor systems are described in this report, together with their operational and control equipment. In the second volume: In the present report are examined the accidents which could cause damage to the Pegase reactor installation. Among possible causes of accidents considered are the seismicity of the region, an excessive power excursion of the reactor and a fracture in the sealing of an independent loop. Although all possible precautions have been taken to offset the effects of such accidents, their ultimate consequences are considered here. The importance is stressed of the security action and regulations which, added to the precautions taken for the construction, ensure the safety of the installations. (authors) [French] Dans le volume 1: Ce rapport est une description du reacteur Pegase, afin d'examiner la surete des installations. Le site de CADARACHE ou elles sont situees, a ete sommairement decrit, en particulier, a cause des consequences sur les techniques mises en oeuvre pour la realisation de Pegase. Nous nous sommes egalement attache a decrire les aspects originaux du reacteur. Les boucles autonomes destinees a tester en vraie grandeur des elements combustibles de la filiere uranium naturel graphite-gaz, ainsi que leurs dispositifs de controle et d'exploitation, figurent egalement dans ce rapport. Dans le volume 2: Dans le present rapport, nous examinons des accidents pouvant endommager des installations du reacteur Pegase. Les origines d'accidents examines
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Lacour, J [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires; Legoin, P [S.E.M. Hispano-Suiza, 92 - Colombes (France)
1964-07-01
In the first volume: This report is a description of the reactor Pegase, given with a view to examine the safety of the installations. The Cadarache site at which they are situated is briefly described, in particular because of the consequences on the techniques employed for building Pegase. A description is also given of the original aspects of the reactor. The independent loops which are designed for full-scale testing of fuel elements used in natural uranium-gas-graphite reactor systems are described in this report, together with their operational and control equipment. In the second volume: In the present report are examined the accidents which could cause damage to the Pegase reactor installation. Among possible causes of accidents considered are the seismicity of the region, an excessive power excursion of the reactor and a fracture in the sealing of an independent loop. Although all possible precautions have been taken to offset the effects of such accidents, their ultimate consequences are considered here. The importance is stressed of the security action and regulations which, added to the precautions taken for the construction, ensure the safety of the installations. (authors) [French] Dans le volume 1: Ce rapport est une description du reacteur Pegase, afin d'examiner la surete des installations. Le site de CADARACHE ou elles sont situees, a ete sommairement decrit, en particulier, a cause des consequences sur les techniques mises en oeuvre pour la realisation de Pegase. Nous nous sommes egalement attache a decrire les aspects originaux du reacteur. Les boucles autonomes destinees a tester en vraie grandeur des elements combustibles de la filiere uranium naturel graphite-gaz, ainsi que leurs dispositifs de controle et d'exploitation, figurent egalement dans ce rapport. Dans le volume 2: Dans le present rapport, nous examinons des accidents pouvant endommager des installations du reacteur Pegase. Les origines d'accidents examines comprennent la seismicite
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Installation of beam screens in LHC arc cryomagnets
Cruikshank, P; Schneider, G; Veness, R J M
1999-01-01
Beam screens will be installed in the cold bores of the LHC arc cryodipoles and Short Straight Sections (SSS). This note describes the constraints on the beam screen installation imposed by the beam vacuum interconnects and Beam Position Monitors (BPM), and explains the installation scenario which has been adopted.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Cerda Sauvage, Tania Kalinka [Facultad de Ingenieria, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)
2004-06-15
Through this work a theoretical analysis conducted for the use of biogas obtained from sanitary landfills for the generation of electrical energy is presented, as well as the evaluation of the main elements that limit or favor the development of this technology in our country. In the introductory part of this work are presented some causes considered have favored the development of technologies as the one proposed here. In the first part it is exposed what the biogas is and what conditions are necessary for its production, which explains the production of biogas in the sanitary landfills, in addition, describes the distribution of the solid residues that give raise to the present situation of the sanitary landfills and the biogas production process in these. The work continues with a description of the electrical energy generation process through the gas originated in sanitary landfills, indicating the necessary conditions in order that the filling complies with its basic functions; following our process until obtaining the final item, electrical energy. For the description of the process and to analyze some factors that take part, it is advisable to include the main aspects of a plant located in Monterrey that occupies this technology. This project shows project shows off in a tangible form the barriers that this technology faces, as well as its main advantages and disadvantages. Are exposed the limiting factors of this technology in technological, economic, political and social aspects, the barriers that can and must overcome as well as the reasons that justify the effort to overcome them. Finally are presented the conclusions it arrives, as well as the commentaries and suggestions in respect to the subject. [Spanish] A traves de este trabajo se expone un analisis teorico efectuado al uso de biogas extraido de rellenos sanitarios para la generacion de energia electrica, asi como evaluar los principales elementos que limitan o favorecen el desarrollo de esta
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Valero Cedeño, Nereida Josefina
2014-12-01
The Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette" belongs to the Faculty of Medicine at University of Zulia in Maracaibo, Zulia State, Venezuela. It was created on December 4, 1959 by Dr. Américo Negrette. Today, with 55 years of existence, the Institute seeks to fulfill the mission that characterizes it, based on the values instilled by its founder and maintained by subsequent generations, whose research projects are implemented through seven research sections: Biochemistry, Hematologic Research, Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Immunology and Cell Biology, Clinical Neurochemistry, Parasitology and Virology. The research originated in these laboratories have become national and international points of reference, despite the current economic situation with budget deficits that put at risk the quality and originality of their projects with negative consequences on the productivity and applications for health population, reasons of biomedical research.
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Site evaluation for nuclear installations. Safety requirements
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
2003-01-01
This Safety Requirements publication supersedes the Code on the Safety of Nuclear Power Plants: Siting, which was issued in 1988 as Safety Series No. 50-C-S (Rev. 1). It takes account of developments relating to site evaluations for nuclear installations since the Code on Siting was last revised. These developments include the issuing of the Safety Fundamentals publication on The Safety of Nuclear Installations, and the revision of various safety standards and other publications relating to safety. Requirements for site evaluation are intended to ensure adequate protection of site personnel, the public and the environment from the effects of ionizing radiation arising from nuclear installations. It is recognized that there are steady advances in technology and scientific knowledge, in nuclear safety and in what is considered adequate protection. Safety requirements change with these advances and this publication reflects the present consensus among States. This Safety Requirements publication was prepared under the IAEA programme on safety standards for nuclear installations. It establishes requirements and provides criteria for ensuring safety in site evaluation for nuclear installations. The Safety Guides on site evaluation listed in the references provide recommendations on how to meet the requirements established in this Safety Requirements publication. The objective of this publication is to establish the requirements for the elements of a site evaluation for a nuclear installation so as to characterize fully the site specific conditions pertinent to the safety of a nuclear installation. The purpose is to establish requirements for criteria, to be applied as appropriate to site and site-installation interaction in operational states and accident conditions, including those that could lead to emergency measures for: (a) Defining the extent of information on a proposed site to be presented by the applicant; (b) Evaluating a proposed site to ensure that the site
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Huerta Espino, Mario; Espipnoza Garza, Jesus; Mani Gonzalez, Alejandro; Giles Alarcon, Armando; Pena Garcia, Adriana; Albarran Sanchez, Irma L; Mendez Aranda, Angel [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico)
2001-07-01
In the presence of the increasing demand for reaching higher efficiencies and a smaller production of polluting emissions in combustion systems, studies focused to the optimization of the present designs of burners are required. The Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) and the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) have established a project that contemplates the redesign of burners in ten of its units of thermoelectric generation. In this work the redesign of the flame stabilizer or diffuser for the reduction of the unburned particulate emission is explained. The results of the modeling of a burner of rotational flow of steam generators of the CFE are shown, as well as the graphs of the contours of the recirculation zone generated by each diffuser without combustion and a figure of the velocity profile that is generated in front of the diffuser. In agreement with the results obtained in the aerodynamic evaluation of frontal burners of rotational flow, it is possible to established that the characteristics of the recirculation zone, generated by this type of burners, are related to geometric parameters of the diffuser that identify with the number of turns and the pressure drop, where it is necessary to look for designs that improve the conditions of the mixing process and combustion in the burner. [Spanish] Ante la creciente demanda por alcanzar mayores eficiencias y una menor produccion de emisiones contaminantes en sistemas de combustion, se requieren estudios enfocados a la optimizacion de los disenos actuales de quemadores. La Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE) y el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) han establecido un proyecto que contempla el rediseno de quemadores en diez de sus unidades de generacion termoelectrica. En este trabajo se explica el rediseno del estabilizador de flama o difusor para la reduccion de la emision de particulas inquemadas. Se muestran los resultados de la modelacion de un quemador de flujo rotacional de
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Installation Service - Changes in opening hours
GS Department
2010-01-01
For organizational matters, please note that, as from 15 March 2010, the Installation Service will have wen opening hours. The new schedule will be from 14:00 to 17:00 (Monday to Friday). Contact persons are: Martine Briant, Karine Robert and Claudia Bruggmann. The office address remains 73-3-014. Installation Service
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Installation of the LHC transfer lines begins
Patrice Loïez
2003-01-01
The first of 700 magnets has been installed in one of the two transfer tunnels built to transfer the SPS beam into the LHC. The start of this first installation phase of the LHC transfer lines provides the opportunity to launch a new and highly original modular system for transporting and installing all kinds of magnets in very narrow tunnels. The system is based on very compact bogies, up to four of which can be coupled together to form a convoy. The wheels are fitted with individual motors enabling them to swivel through an angle of 90° and the convoy to move laterally. In this way the magnet is delivered directly to its installation point, but beneath the beamline. It is then raised into its final position in the beamline using air cushions, which form an integrated part of the transport system.Photo 01: Pictured with the newly installed magnet and transport system in the transfer line tunnel are (left to right) Volker Mertens, responsible for the LHC injection and transfer lines; personnel involved in tr...
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Installation of the LHC transfer lines begins
Patrice Loïez
2003-01-01
The first of 700 magnets has been installed in one of the two transfer tunnels built to transfer the SPS beam into the LHC. The start of this first installation phase of the LHC transfer lines provides the opportunity to launch a new and highly original modular system for transporting and installing all kinds of magnets in very narrow tunnels. The system is based on very compact bogies, up to four of which can be coupled together to form a convoy. The wheels are fitted with individual motors enabling them to swivel through an angle of 90° and the convoy to move laterally. In this way the magnet is delivered directly to its installation point, but beneath the beamline. It is then raised into its final position in the beamline using air cushions, which form an integrated part of the transport system.Photos 01, 02: Pictured with the newly installed magnet and transport system in the transfer line tunnel are LHC project leader Lyn Evans (second left, white helmet); Volker Mertens, responsible for the LHC injecti...
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Update of the database of photovoltaic installations in the UK
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Taylor, D.; Bruhns, H.
1999-07-01
The article describes an updated database of photovoltaic (PV) installations in the UK. The database contains more than 300 records representing over 40,000 photovoltaic installations with more than 100 buildings that use photovoltaic arrays. Figures show: (i) a chart of cumulative PV applications to date; (ii) a chart of cumulative installations in the database; (iii) the growth of Building Integrated PV installed to date; (iv) the cumulative growth of peak power of PV for buildings installed every year since 1985; (v) the distribution by application of all PV installations in the database and (vi) the various applications of PV installations.
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Proper Installation of Replacement Windows | Efficient Windows
Collaborative Foundry Foundry New Construction Windows Window Selection Tool Selection Process Design Guidance Installation Replacement Windows Window Selection Tool Assessing Options Selection Process Design Guidance Installation Understanding Windows Benefits Design Considerations Measuring
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1980-09-01
Information concerning the installation, operation, and maintenance of the pyramidal Solar System for space heating and domestic hot water is presented. Principles of operation, sequence of installation, and procedures for the operation and maintenance of each subsystem making up the solar system are presented. Troubleshooting charts and maintenance schedules are presented.
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46 CFR 119.430 - Engine exhaust pipe installation.
2010-10-01
... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Engine exhaust pipe installation. 119.430 Section 119... INSTALLATION Specific Machinery Requirements § 119.430 Engine exhaust pipe installation. (a) The design of all... an exhaust pipe. (b) Exhaust gas must not leak from the piping or any connections. The piping must be...
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30 CFR 57.12067 - Installation of transformers.
2010-07-01
... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Installation of transformers. 57.12067 Section... Electricity Surface Only § 57.12067 Installation of transformers. Transformers shall be totally enclosed, or... wiring. ...
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Installations of SNCR on bark-fired boilers
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Hjalmarsson, A.K.; Hedin, K.; Andersson, Lars
1997-01-01
Experience has been collected from the twelve bark-fired boilers in Sweden with selective non catalytic reduction (SNCR) installations to reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides. Most of the boilers have slope grates, but there are also two boilers with cyclone ovens and two fluidized bed boilers. In addition to oil there are also possibilities to burn other fuel types in most boilers, such as sludge from different parts of the pulp and paper mills, saw dust and wood chips. The SNCR installations seems in general to be of simple design. In most installations the injection nozzles are located in existing holes in the boiler walls. The availability is reported to be good from several of the SNCR installations. There has been tube leakage in several boilers. The urea system has resulted in corrosion and in clogging of one oil burner. This incident has resulted in a decision not to use SNCR system with the present design of the system. The fuel has also caused operational problems with the SNCR system in several of the installations due to variations in the moisture content and often high moisture content in bark and sludge, causing temperature variations. The availability is presented to be high for the SNCR system at several of the plants, in two of them about 90 %. The results in NO x reduction vary between the installations depending on boiler, fuel and operation. The emissions are between 45 and 100 mg NO 2 /MJ fuel input and the NO x reduction rates are in most installations between 30 and 40 %, the lowest 20 and the highest 70 %. 13 figs, 3 tabs
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The Swiss nuclear installations annual report 1992
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
1993-06-01
This report concerns the safety of the Swiss nuclear installations in the period of 1992. Surveillance of these installations with regard to nuclear safety, including radiation protection, is among the tasks of the Swiss Federal Nuclear Safety Inspectorate (HSK). In Switzerland five nuclear power plants are operational: Beznau I and II, Muehleberg, Goesgen and Leibstadt. Research reactors of thermal capacities below 10 MWth are operational at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne and at the University of Basle. Further subject to HSK's supervision are all activities at PSI involving nuclear fuel or ionizing radiation, the shut down experimental reactor of Lucens, the exploration in Switzerland of final disposal facilities for radwaste and the interim radwaste storage facilities. The present report first deals with the nuclear power plants and covers, in individual sections, the aspects of installation safety, radiation protection as well as personnel and organization, and the resulting overall impression from the point of view of HSK (chapters 1-4). In chapter 5, the corresponding information is given for the research installations. Chapter 6 on radwaste disposal is dedicated to the waste treatment, waste from reprocessing, interim storage and exploration by the NAGRA. In chapter 7, the status of emergency planning in the nuclear power plants' vicinity is reported. Certificates issued for the transport of radioactive materials are dealt with in chapter 8. Finally chapter 9 goes into some general questions relating to the safety of nuclear installations, and in particular covers important events in nuclear installations abroad. In all, the operation of the Swiss nuclear installations in the period of 1992 is rated safe by HSK. (author) 7 figs., 13 tabs
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562,3 MWP installed in european union
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Anon.
2004-01-01
In the end, the growth problems that were announced for the European photovoltaic market did not happen. With 170 MWp of additional capacity installed in the European Union 2003 has marked a new record high in installations bringing European installed capacity up to the neighbourhood of 562 MWp. While this sector's expansion has been remarkable (+ 43.4 % with respect to 2002), a lot of questions still remain with respect to the true will of certain countries to develop this form of energy. (author)
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49 CFR 192.321 - Installation of plastic pipe.
2010-10-01
... 49 Transportation 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Installation of plastic pipe. 192.321 Section 192... Transmission Lines and Mains § 192.321 Installation of plastic pipe. (a) Plastic pipe must be installed below ground level except as provided by paragraphs (g) and (h) of this section. (b) Plastic pipe that is...
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Evaluation of Installation Time for SMASHmount by SMASHsolar
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
2017-04-05
The Department of Energy SunShot Incubator program provides early-stage assistance to help startup companies cross technological barriers to commercialization while encouraging private sector investment. The SunShot Incubator program aims to shorten the time it takes for a young business or company to develop an innovative product concept and make it commercially available, which includes product prototyping, deployment, and, potentially, manufacturing. SMASHsolar was selected as an Incubator awardee to develop a simple, snap-together, module-integrated photovoltaic (PV) mounting system in attempts to dramatically reduce the time, effort and skill needed to install rooftop solar. In support of this award, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory worked with SMASHsolar to develop a procedure for evaluating the installation time required for the SMASHmount system vs. widely-available rail systems. Amongst several installations, NREL measured the following installation times, subject to the qualifications and conditions described later in this report. NREL found that the SMASHsolar SMASHmount system was installed between 15% and 37% faster than tested competing systems after one or two installations of the system.
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L'entonació del pallarès i les preguntes absolutes dels erasmus: dues investigacions en curs
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Dolors Font-Rotchés
2014-11-01
Full Text Available Hem realitzat dues investigacions d’anàlisi melòdica: una sobre els trets melòdics bàsics del parlar del pallarès, formada per 96 enunciats de parla espontània emesos per 21 informants de diferents zones del Pallars. S’han obtingut contorns dels 6 primers patrons entonatius descrits en el català, i també diversos trets d’èmfasi bàsics. I, una altra, sobre les preguntes absolutes que fan els estudiants Erasmus. Es basa en 31 preguntes emeses per 15 aprenents de català com a l2. Es constata que aquests gairebé mai no segueixen l'estructura pròpia de les preguntes absolutes del català, la qual cosa explica els malentesos que tenen lloc entre un parlant, que fa una pregunta, i un interlocutor, que la percep com una afirmació i, per consegüent, no respon.
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Canberra Alpha Sentry Installation Functional Design Criteria (FDC)
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
WHITE, W.F.
1999-01-01
This document provides the functional design criteria for the installation of the Canberra Alpha Sentry System at selected locations within the Plutonium Finishing Plant (PFP). The equipment being installed is identified by part number in Section 3 and the locations are given in Section 5. The design, procurement and installation are assigned to Fluor Federal Services
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An earth anchor system: installation and design guide.
R.L. Copstead; D.D. Studier
1990-01-01
A system for anchoring the guylines and skylines of cable yarding equipment is presented. A description of three types of tipping plate anchors is given. Descriptions of the installation equipment and methods specific to each type are given. Procedures for determining the correct number of anchors to install are included, as are guidelines for installing the anchors so...
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TWENTIES Project. Wind power for wide-area control of the grid
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Perez, Juan Carlos; Combarros, Clara; Veguillas, Roberto; Hermosa, Mikel Joseba [Iberdrola Renovables, Madrid (Spain); Rubio, David [Iberdrola Ingenieria y Construccion (Spain); Egido, Ignacio [Comillas Univ. (ES). Inst. de Investigacion Tecnologica (IIT)
2011-07-01
Europe faces a great challenge with the 2020 scenario in which the renewable energy installed capacity in Europe should increase from its present value of approximately 80 GW to 230 GW in 2020. The future high penetration levels of wind and other renewable energies in the power system require decision makers and stakeholders of the electrical sector to work together to develop new ancillary services and to make the necessary changes to the grid infrastructure in Europe. This background is in line with the SYSERWIND demonstration lead by Iberdrola Renovables and included in the TWENTIES project, with three more partners taking part in this package: Red Electrica de Espana (REE), IIT and Gamesa Eolica. This paper introduces a first phase of preliminary work to define, install and test a Secondary Frequency Control and a Voltage Management System in a wide area, along a transport line. (orig.)
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
José Milei
2004-04-01
Full Text Available El Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas (ININCA está unido a la figura de quien fuera, desde su fundación, director por más de 50 años: Alberto C. Taquini. Allí se desarrolló (y se desarrolla investigación y docencia. Se estudiaron, desde el inicio, la hipertensión arterial, la hipoxia y las adaptaciones hemodinámicas, la fisiología del riñón y los electrolitos, la pared arterial, el metabolismo cardíaco, la farmacología del miocardio y el papel regulador del sistema nervioso central en la circulación. Se relatan aquí, a través de notas autobiográficas de A.C. Taquini, los experimentos y las discusiones que culminaron con el descubrimiento de la hipertensina, las demostraciones experimentales sobre la renina, que constituyeron objeciones básicas a hipótesis entonces prevalentes, y también algunos juicios y pensamientos expresados por A.C.Taquini sobre el papel y el futuro de la ciencia, en nuestros países y en el primer mundo. Desde 1972 la labor del Instituto se centró casi exclusivamente en la investigación básica y pasó a asociarse al CONICET. Decía Taquini que la investigación científica es algo más que proyectar y producir. Es algo más que una factoría de conocimientos: es crear. El mejor ejemplo de ello son sus contribuciones a la ciencia, las de su grupo y de sus discípulos, y la continuidad del Instituto que sigue hoy en ese camino.The Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas (ININCA was founded by Alberto C. Taquini in 1944 and directed by him during more than 50 years, until his death in 1998. The Institute was (and still is dedicated to research in connection with CONICET (National Research Council and to teaching within the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Buenos Aires. From the very beginning research was centered on hypertension, hypoxia and hemodynamic adaptations, renal physiology and electrolytes, arterial wall, cardiac metabolism, myocardial pharmacology and regulation of the
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Martinez Alonso, Ruben
2003-10-15
This research work presents the design and construction of a single-phase microcontroller-based digital electric energy meter. The digital instrument displays the energy demand (kw-h) based on up-to-date tariff provided by the Mexican national utility Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE). The meter digitally processes voltage and current line waveform samples taken at its input, displaying, in real time, the number of electrical parameters calculated. For a better instrument performance a PIC16F874 microcontroller from microchip has been used as computational core. The parameters of interest are visualized in a liquid crystal display of 2 X 16 characters. The user interface includes a menu where some of the parameters can be selected by the operator. In the event of an electric power supply disruption the meter keeps to the energy consumption in memory. The voltage and current measured levels ranges from 1 to 255 Vrms and 0.1 to 25.5 Arms, respectively. The power is displayed in 5 digits ranging from 0 to 6502.5 watts and the energy is displayed with 5 whole digits and 5 decimals ranging, from 0 kWh up to 99999.99999 kWh. These values are refreshed every one second together with the actual electrical consumption cost which ranges from 0 up to 9999.9 pesos. The digital measuring instrument has been built based on four main inter-connected modules named, data acquisition; signal conditioning; signal processing; and display. A set of efficient assembly code routines has been developed in order to calculate the number of electrical parameter previously described. After a debugging process, the optimised code has been assembled for the PIC16F874. [Spanish] El trabajo presenta el diseno y construccion de un medidor digital de energia electrica basado en un microcontrolador, el cual visualiza la demanda por el consumo de kWh, basandose en una tarifa escalonada de tipo domestico de CFE. Tambien el aparato visualiza voltaje, corriente, potencia y el tiempo de medicion
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New technique for landfill leachate well installation
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Hornsby, R.G.; Miller, M.S.
1991-01-01
The installation method fulfilled our expectations. The entire well installation took eight writing days to complete, for an average of two wells per day. It met our Health and Safety, waste volume, environmental risk and uniform sandpack expectations. Health and Safety concerns were minimal. We found that virtually all work could be completed using Level D protection. The volume of waste produced by the well installation was extremely low. The core samples and casing scrapings were the only well installation wastes directly produced. The waste containers which required sampling prior to disposal were: Decontaminated water (330 gallons), Personnel protective equipment and water (715 gallons), Soil cores (25 gallons), Land leachate (440 gallons). Each waste type was sampled and submitted to a laboratory for analyses of full Appendix 3 plus U.S. EPA toxicity parameters. The results verified that all of the wastes could be disposed of on-site. Since the only drilling wastes were the clay core samples and the very small amount of material adhering to the casing, contamination of the new clay cap did not occur. A uniform sandpack was guaranteed through the use of a presanded well screen. The loose sand added when the casing was removed served to fill any voids. All the leachate wells have water in them, and it appears that they will function adequately. We are in the process of constructing a treatment and storage facility to manage the liquids to be extracted for off-site disposal. The long-term effectiveness of the wells will be quantified. This well installation method should be considered in situations requiring the following: expedited installation; reduced Health and Safety concerns; reduced disposal costs; reduced potential for adverse environmental impact; and comparable installation costs. The choice of this method must include considerations of the subsurface geology and the nature of any manmade materials
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Safety of nuclear installations
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
1991-01-01
In accordance with the Nuclear Energy Act, a Licence may only be issued if the precautions required by the state of the art have been taken to prevent damage resulting from the construction and operation of the installation. The maximum admissible body doses in the area around the installation which must be observed in planning constructional and other technical protective measures to counter accidents in or at a nuclear power station (accident planning values, are established). According to the Radiological Protection Ordinance the Licensing Authority can consider these precautions to have been taken if, in designing the installation against accidents, the applicant has assumed the accidents which, according to the Safety Criteria and Guidelines for Nuclear Power Stations published in the Federal Register by the Federal Minister of the Interior after hearing the competent senior state authorities, must determine the design of a nuclear power station. On the basis of previous experience from safety analysis, assessment and operation of nuclear power stations, the accident guidelines published here define which accidents are determinative for the safety-related design of PWR power stations and what verification -particularly with regard to compliance with the accident planning values of the Radiological Protection Ordinance -must be provided by the applicant. (author)
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Department of the Army Installation Restoration Program
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Anderson, A.W.
1988-01-01
The Army's Installation Restoration Program (IRP) was established in 1975 in response to regulatory action at several installations where past disposal practices had caused contamination of streams and groundwater. The need to decontaminate excess Army-owned real estate also was considered in early IRP activities. A variety of site types have been discovered on Army installations. The major site types evaluated to date include: contaminated soil areas, landfills, lagoons, buildings, burning grounds, sumps, pits, storage tanks, sewage treatment plants, storage pads, industrial wastewater treatment plants, and salvage yards. Twenty Army installations have been proposed for or listed on the National Priorities List (NPL). The need for taking action at hazardous waste sites, however, is based on threats they pose to human health, welfare or the environment. Sites do not have to be on the SPL in order to be cleaned up through IRP activities. All of the sites that caused Army installations to be proposed for the NPL are being evaluated and cleaned up. In addition, all Army properties have been or will be assessed and where needed they will be addressed by the IRP
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Design and installation of earth energy systems
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Loggia, S; Adragna, M; Coyle, S; Foley, C; Hawryn, S; Martin, A; McConnell, J [eds.
2002-07-01
This first edition of the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) Standard C448 Series, replaces CSA Standards CAN/CSA-C445-M92 entitled Design and Installation of Earth Energy Heat Pump Systems for Residential and Other Small Buildings, as well as C447-94 entitled Design and Installation of Earth Energy Heat Pump Systems for Commercial and Institutional Buildings. This standard document consists of three parts: (C448.1) Design and installation of earth energy systems for commercial and institutional buildings; (C448.2) Design and installation of earth energy systems for residential and small buildings; and, (C448.3) Design and installation of underground thermal energy storage systems for commercial and institutional buildings. In C448.1, the requirements applicable to any system falling within the scope of the C448 series were included. Alternative requirements for houses and small buildings were added in C448.2. It was noted that either standard may be implemented. The standards applicable to the intentional storage of energy in the earth for later use were presented in C448.3. This latter section includes a brief introduction on underground thermal energy storage (UTES). tabs.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Fernanda de Oliveira Lima Nonino
2008-12-01
Full Text Available Trata-se de um estudo de revisão de literatura cujo objetivo foi identificar e analisar a utilização do mapeamento cruzado nas pesquisas em enfermagem. Identificou-se que as pesquisas que utilizaram o mapeamento cruzado na enfermagem possuem relação com a criação dos sistemas de classificação e com a perspectiva do uso da informática nos serviços de saúde. Em relação aos países que realizaram pesquisas utilizando o mapeamento cruzado aparecem os Estados Unidos com 11 estudos, seguido do Brasil com 6 estudos, Holanda com 3 estudos e outros países da Europa e Ásia com 1 estudo cada. O mapeamento cruzado é uma ferramenta útil em estudos sobre linguagens padronizadas em enfermagem e pode favorecer o uso dos sistemas de classificação nos diferentes contextos.Este estudio de revisión de la literatura tiene como objetivo identificar y analizar el mapeo cruzado en investigaciones en enfermería. Se identificó que las investigaciones con mapeo cruzado en enfermería poseen relación con la creación de los sistemas de clasificación y también con la perspectiva del uso de la informática en los servicios de salud. Los países que realizaron investigaciones utilizando el mapeo cruzado son Estados Unidos con 11 investigaciones, Brasil con 6 investigaciones, Holanda con 3 investigaciones y otros países de Europa y Asia con 1 investigación cada uno. El mapeo cruzado es una herramienta usada en estudios sobre los lenguajes estandarizados en enfermería y pueden favorecer el uso de los sistemas de clasificación en los distintos contextos.This literature review aims to identify and to analyze the use of cross mapping in nursing researches. It was identified that researches that used cross mapping in nursing are related to the creation of classification systems and also with the prospect of the use of computers in health services. The United States performed 11 studies using the cross mapping followed by Brazil with 6 studies
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Data Acquisition System On Beta Installation
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Abtokhi, Ahmad; Nurhanan; Sudarno; Sumarno, Edy
2000-01-01
Data acquisition system is needed on every installation. This is important used to monitoring and processing data to get information desired. This system applied to β installation which is facility to carry out experiments on accident condition like as reflooding phenomena in test section. The 16 exp.th channel data acquisition system is drived by ADC 0804 and programme application DELPHI
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Performance of cooling installation for cyclotron Decy-13
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Edi Trijono Budisantoso; Suprapto; Sutadi
2015-01-01
Has been calculated the cooling installation performance of Decy-13 cyclotron. The cooling installation is analysed based on the technical specifications of each cooling component to proof the results of the design and implementation of installations meet the cooling requirement. Analysis of loss of pressure and flow rate in the piping installation is done empirically using Hazen-Williams equation while the analysis of heat transfer processes in the cooling tower is done using the help of psychometric charts that available. Cooling component consists of a condenser and associated piping systems with cooling towers and equipped with a pump to push the circulation of cooling. The calculations show that the installation of the condenser cooler uses the cooling tower LiangChi LBC-30 with a booster pump Grundfos 4 kW NF30-36T powered 47kW able to transfer heat with the coolant flow rate 136 lpm, input to output coolant pressure difference 2.1atm and the cooling temperature difference 5 °C. Conclusion of the calculation is the technical specifications of cooling components and installation already meets the needs of the cooling expected. (author)
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Installing Ubuntu Enterprise Cloud in a Physical Environment
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Pantić, Zoran; Ali Babar, Muhammad
This document contains the supplemental material to “Guidelines for Building a Private Cloud Infrastructure.” This supplemental material provides guidance on how to install Ubuntu Enterprise Cloud in a physical environment. The purpose of this document is to provide a practical, step......-by-step, detailed guide on how to pre-configure and install the machines and network. For more detailed description of the steps, a reader is advised to refer to another supplemental book named “Installing and Scaling out Ubuntu Enterprise Cloud in Virtual Environment.” There are a few more details, accompanied...... with screenshots. The material included in this supplemental document is based on the installation that was performed in a physical environment based on HP ProLiant DL380 G4 servers, 100 Mbit/s witches, and a firewall/router that isolated the whole solution. The cloud installation was performed using the (for...
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Installation of an accelerator from theory to practice
Foraz, K; Weisz, S; CERN. Geneva. TS Department
2004-01-01
The size and complexity of the LHC project at CERN calls for a strong co-ordination of all installation activities. The detailed installation planning has to take into account many constraints such as the component production rates, the installation contracts or the transport and handling requirements in a narrow tunnel with limited access points. The planning also needs to be flexible enough to cope with aleas that are unavoidable in such a large project that spans over many years. This paper describes the follow-up methodology, both in the field and in the office, adopted by the IC team to assist the groups involved in the installation of the LHC machine.
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Entropy and Digital Installation
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Susan Ballard
2005-01-01
Full Text Available This paper examines entropy as a process which introduces ideas of distributed materiality to digital installation. Beginning from an analysis of entropy as both force and probability measure within information theory and it’s extension in Ruldof Arnheim’s text ‘Entropy and Art” it develops an argument for the positive rather thannegative forces of entropy. The paper centres on a discussion of two recent works by New Zealand artists Ronnie van Hout (“On the Run”, Wellington City Gallery, NZ, 2004 and Alex Monteith (“Invisible Cities”, Physics Room Contemporary Art Space, Christchurch, NZ, 2004. Ballard suggests that entropy, rather than being a hindrance to understanding or a random chaotic force, discloses a necessary and material politics of noise present in digital installation.
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Offshore wind transport and installation vessel
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
2001-07-01
The initial objective of the project was to complete a feasibility study to determine the viability of an innovative transportation vessel to be deployed in the installation of offshore wind farms. This included the feasibility of providing a stable-working platform that can be used in harsh offshore environments. A study of current installation contractors and their installation equipment was used to provide a preliminary specification for the installation vessel. A typical barge was selected and a number of hydrodynamic analyses were carried out in order to establish it's on course and operational stability. The analysis proved the stability of the vessel during operation was critical and that in order to utilise the crane's full potential a stabilisation system must be employed. The main aim of the work to date was to establish whether it was feasible to use a stabilisation system on the installation vessel. The spud leg FEED study established that it was feasible to use spud legs to stabilise the vessel. In order to achieve the degree of stability required it is necessary to lift the vessel completely out of the water. This was not the original aim of the study but due to the external loads on the hull it was the only viable option. Lifting the vessel out of the water results in the legs and leg casings becoming very large. This has a number of consequences for the final design. Due to large loads on the legs spud cans must be used to avoid bottom penetration, the spud cans increase the draft of the vessel by 2m. The large loads require larger winches and more reeving to be used, this results in larger pumps and motors, all of which have to be housed. The stabilisation system has been proved to be feasible for a large installation vessel, the cost and physical size are however more excessive than first anticipated. (Author)
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Construction, fabrication, and installation
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
1992-05-01
This standard specifies the construction, fabrication, and installation requirements that apply to concrete containment structures of a containment system designated as class containment components, parts and appurtenances for nuclear power plants
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14 CFR 27.967 - Fuel tank installation.
2010-01-01
... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Fuel tank installation. 27.967 Section 27.967 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: NORMAL CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Powerplant Fuel System § 27.967 Fuel tank installation. (a...
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14 CFR 29.967 - Fuel tank installation.
2010-01-01
... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Fuel tank installation. 29.967 Section 29.967 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Powerplant Fuel System § 29.967 Fuel tank installation...
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14 CFR 25.967 - Fuel tank installations.
2010-01-01
... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Fuel tank installations. 25.967 Section 25.967 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES Powerplant Fuel System § 25.967 Fuel tank installations...
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Installed water resource modelling systems for catchment ...
African Journals Online (AJOL)
Following international trends there are a growing number of modelling systems being installed for integrated water resource management, in Southern Africa. Such systems are likely to be installed for operational use in ongoing learning, research, strategic planning and consensus-building amongst stakeholders in the ...
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Evaluation Of RSG-GAS Power Installed After 12 Years
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Mrsahala, Yan Bony
2001-01-01
The total power installed in RSG-GAS electric system less then 3 x 2500 KVA. Some of powers installed included are the never used loads, so the operationally total load installed that regularly operational and incidental are amount about 3700 KVA. In this condition, the capacity of power transformer installed 3 x 2500 KVA becomes larger. The influences of the numinous power are electric bill payment by RSG-GAS. The reduces power installed may be done as well as remember that some of the load not be operation so that the power consume for that facility could be cut off. The evaluation and calculation result gives some alternatively can be selected to minimize the electric bill payment
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An application of residual current protective device at electrical installation
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Firman Silitonga
2008-01-01
In an electrical installation, a protection for overload and short circuit are always to be installed. In addition to the installation, it is necessary to be installed a protection device for residual current because both the short circuit and the overload device protection will not work for the residual current. The quantity of the residual current must be defined first at any electrical installation to define an appropriate residual current protection so that not every residual current will break the circuit down. This paper will explain a method how to install a residual protection device for 3500 VA or more at TN and TT of earthing system. (author)
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30 CFR 77.212 - Draw-off tunnel ventilation fans; installation.
2010-07-01
... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Draw-off tunnel ventilation fans; installation... UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Surface Installations § 77.212 Draw-off tunnel ventilation fans; installation. When fans are used to ventilate draw-off tunnels the fans shall be: (a) Installed on the surface; (b...
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Installing and Testing a Server Operating System
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Lorentz JÄNTSCHI
2003-08-01
Full Text Available The paper is based on the experience of the author with the FreeBSD server operating system administration on three servers in use under academicdirect.ro domain.The paper describes a set of installation, preparation, and administration aspects of a FreeBSD server.First issue of the paper is the installation procedure of FreeBSD operating system on i386 computer architecture. Discussed problems are boot disks preparation and using, hard disk partitioning and operating system installation using a existent network topology and a internet connection.Second issue is the optimization procedure of operating system, server services installation, and configuration. Discussed problems are kernel and services configuration, system and services optimization.The third issue is about client-server applications. Using operating system utilities calls we present an original application, which allows displaying the system information in a friendly web interface. An original program designed for molecular structure analysis was adapted for systems performance comparisons and it serves for a discussion of Pentium, Pentium II and Pentium III processors computation speed.The last issue of the paper discusses the installation and configuration aspects of dial-in service on a UNIX-based operating system. The discussion includes serial ports, ppp and pppd services configuration, ppp and tun devices using.
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The ATLAS software installation system for LCG/EGEE
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Salvo, A D [Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, sez. Roma 1 (Italy); Barchiesi, A [Universita di Roma I ' La Sapienza' (Italy); Gnanvo, K [Queen Mary and Westfield College (United Kingdom); Gwilliam, C [University of Liverpool (United Kingdom); Kennedy, J; Krobath, G [Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen (Germany); Olszewski, A [Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences (Poland); Rybkine, G [Royal Holloway College (United Kingdom)
2008-07-15
The huge amount of resources available in the Grids, and the necessity to have the most up-to-date experimental software deployed in all the sites within a few hours, have driven the need for an automatic installation system for the LHC experiments. In this work we describe the ATLAS system for the experiment software installation in LCG/EGEE, based on the Light Job Submission Framework for Installation (LJSFi), an independent job submission framework for generic submission and job tracking in EGEE. LJSFi is able to automatically discover, check, install, test and tag the full set of resources made available in LCG/EGEE to the ATLAS Virtual Organization in a few hours, depending on the site availability.
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16 CFR 460.17 - What installers must tell their customers.
2010-01-01
... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What installers must tell their customers... AND ADVERTISING OF HOME INSULATION § 460.17 What installers must tell their customers. If you are an installer, you must give your customers a contract or receipt for the insulation you install. For all...