LHC Phenomenology and Cosmology of String-Inspired Intersecting D-Brane Models

CERN Document Server

Anchordoqui, Luis A.; Goldberg, Haim; Huang, Xing; Lust, Dieter; Taylor, Tomasz R.; Vlcek, Brian

2012-01-01

We discuss the phenomenology and cosmology of a Standard-like Model inspired by string theory, in which the gauge fields are localized on D-branes wrapping certain compact cycles on an underlying geometry, whose intersection can give rise to chiral fermions. The energy scale associated with string physics is assumed to be near the Planck mass. To develop our program in the simplest way, we work within the construct of a minimal model with gauge-extended sector U (3)_B \\times Sp (1)_L \\times U (1)_{I_R} \\times U (1)_L. The resulting U (1) content gauges the baryon number B, the lepton number L, and a third additional abelian charge I_R which acts as the third isospin component of an SU(2)_R. All mixing angles and gauge couplings are fixed by rotation of the U(1) gauge fields to a basis diagonal in hypercharge Y and in an anomaly free linear combination of I_R and B-L. The anomalous $Z'$ gauge boson obtains a string scale St\\"uckelberg mass via a 4D version of the Green-Schwarz mechanism. To keep the realizatio...

GUT model hierarchies from intersecting branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kokorelis, Christos

2002-01-01

By employing D6-branes intersecting at angles in D=4 type I strings, we construct three generation models with minimal structure, based on the group SU(4) C xSU(2) L xSU(2) R . The models are non-supersymmetric, even though SUSY is unbroken in the bulk, and contain at low energy the standard model spectrum augmented by an extra anomaly free global U(1) symmetry, with no extra matter and/or extra gauge group factors. Baryon number is gauged and its anomalies are cancelled through a generalized Green-Schwarz mechanism. We also show that multibrane wrappings correspond to a trivial redefinition of the surviving global U(1) at low energies. There are no colour triplet couplings to mediate proton decay, while a heavy mass for the right handed neutrinos can be generated through the see-saw mechanism. The mass relation m e =m d at the GUT scale is recovered. The presence of the right handed neutrino in the see-saw mechanism, suggests that the string scale should be of the same order as the GUT scale and at least an order of magnitude above the mass of the right handed neutrino, effectively placing the string scale above 2-3 TeV, independently of the presence of the left handed neutrino. (author)

Type IIA string theory on T"6/(Z_2 x Z_6 x ΩR). Model building and string phenomenology with intersecting D6-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ecker, Jill

2016-01-01

In this doctoral thesis, various aspects of string model building and phenomenology are investigated within the framework of Type IIA string theory on the T"6/(Z_2 x Z_6 x ΩR) orbifold with discrete torsion. The aim is the reproduction of supersymmetric versions of well-known particle physics models using intersecting rigid D6-branes wrapped on fractional three-cycles. The models analyzed include the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model as well as supersymmetric Pati-Salam models, left-right symmetric models and SU(5) models. Systematic computer scans test numerous combinations of intersecting D6-branes in order to detect those that give rise to the correct chiral particle content of the considered models. For each type of the afore mentioned models, concrete examples will be found which satisfy the constraints on the particle spectrum and fulfill all consistency conditions. Finally, the thesis focuses on phenomenological aspects of the particle physics models found, including the detection of massless U(1) combinations, discrete Z_n-symmetries and cubic couplings such as the Yukawa couplings.

Brane brick models in the mirror

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Franco, Sebastián [Physics Department, The City College of the CUNY,160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031 (United States); The Graduate School and University Center, The City University of New York,365 Fifth Avenue, New York NY 10016 (United States); Lee, Sangmin [Center for Theoretical Physics, Seoul National University,Seoul 08826 (Korea, Republic of); Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University,Seoul 08826 (Korea, Republic of); College of Liberal Studies, Seoul National University,Seoul 08826 (Korea, Republic of); Seong, Rak-Kyeong [School of Physics, Korea Institute for Advanced Study,Seoul 02455 (Korea, Republic of); Vafa, Cumrun [Jefferson Physical Laboratory, Harvard University,Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States)

2017-02-21

Brane brick models are Type IIA brane configurations that encode the 2dN=(0,2) gauge theories on the worldvolume of D1-branes probing toric Calabi-Yau 4-folds. We use mirror symmetry to improve our understanding of this correspondence and to provide a systematic approach for constructing brane brick models starting from geometry. The mirror configuration consists of D5-branes wrapping 4-spheres and the gauge theory is determined by how they intersect. We also explain how 2d(0,2) triality is realized in terms of geometric transitions in the mirror geometry. Mirror symmetry leads to a geometric unification of dualities in different dimensions, where the order of duality is n−1 for a Calabi-Yau n-fold. This makes us conjecture the existence of a quadrality symmetry in 0d. Finally, we comment on how the M-theory lift of brane brick models connects to the classification of 2d(0,2) theories in terms of 4-manifolds.

A supersymmetric flipped SU(5) intersecting brane world

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chen, C.-M. [George P. and Cynthia W. Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX 77843 (United States)]. E-mail: cchen@physics.tamu.edu; Kraniotis, G.V. [George P. and Cynthia W. Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX 77843 (United States)]. E-mail: kraniotis@physics.tamu.edu; Mayes, V.E. [George P. and Cynthia W. Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX 77843 (United States)]. E-mail: eric@physics.tamu.edu (and others)

2005-03-31

We construct an N=1 supersymmetric three-family flipped SU(5) model from type IIA orientifolds on T{sup 6}/(Z{sub 2}xZ{sub 2}) with D6-branes intersecting at general angles. The spectrum contains a complete grand unified and electroweak Higgs sector. In addition, it contains extra exotic matter both in bi-fundamental and vector-like representations as well as two copies of matter in the symmetric representation of SU(5)

Anomalies and inflow on D-branes and O-planes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Scrucca, Claudio A.; Serone, Marco

1999-01-01

We derive the general form of the anomaly for chiral spinors and self-dual antisymmetric tensors living on D-brane and O-plane intersections, using both path-integral and index theorem methods. We then show that the anomalous couplings to RR forms of D-branes and O-planes in a general background are precisely those required to cancel these anomalies through the inflow mechanism. This allows, for instance, for local anomaly cancellation in generic orientifold models, the relevant Green-Schwarz term being given by the sum of the anomalous couplings of all the D-branes and O-planes in the model

A realistic intersecting D6-brane model after the first LHC run

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Tianjun; Nanopoulos, D. V.; Raza, Shabbar; Wang, Xiao-Chuan

2014-08-01

With the Higgs boson mass around 125 GeV and the LHC supersymmetry search constraints, we revisit a three-family Pati-Salam model from intersecting D6-branes in Type IIA string theory on the T 6/(ℤ2 × ℤ2) orientifold which has a realistic phenomenology. We systematically scan the parameter space for μ 0, and find that the gravitino mass is generically heavier than about 2 TeV for both cases due to the Higgs mass low bound 123 GeV. In particular, we identify a region of parameter space with the electroweak fine-tuning as small as Δ EW ~ 24-32 (3-4%). In the viable parameter space which is consistent with all the current constraints, the mass ranges for gluino, the first two-generation squarks and sleptons are respectively [3, 18] TeV, [3, 16] TeV, and [2, 7] TeV. For the third-generation sfermions, the light stop satisfying 5 σ WMAP bounds via neutralino-stop coannihilation has mass from 0.5 to 1.2 TeV, and the light stau can be as light as 800 GeV. We also show various coannihilation and resonance scenarios through which the observed dark matter relic density is achieved. Interestingly, the certain portions of parameter space has excellent t- b- τ and b- τ Yukawa coupling unification. Three regions of parameter space are highlighted as well where the dominant component of the lightest neutralino is a bino, wino or higgsino. We discuss various scenarios in which such solutions may avoid recent astrophysical bounds in case if they satisfy or above observed relic density bounds. Prospects of finding higgsino-like neutralino in direct and indirect searches are also studied. And we display six tables of benchmark points depicting various interesting features of our model. Note that the lightest neutralino can be heavy up to 2.8 TeV, and there exists a natural region of parameter space from low-energy fine-tuning definition with heavy gluino and first two-generation squarks/sleptons, we point out that the 33 TeV and 100 TeV proton-proton colliders are indeed

On the effective field theory of intersecting D3-branes

Science.gov (United States)

Abbaspur, Reza

2018-05-01

We study the effective field theory of two intersecting D3-branes with one common dimension along the lines recently proposed in ref. [1]. We introduce a systematic way of deriving the classical effective action to arbitrary orders in perturbation theory. Using a proper renormalization prescription to handle logarithmic divergencies arising at all orders in the perturbation series, we recover the first order renormalization group equation of ref. [1] plus an infinite set of higher order equations. We show the consistency of the higher order equations with the first order one and hence interpret the first order result as an exact RG flow equation in the classical theory.

D-Branes in the Background of NS Fivebranes

CERN Document Server

Elitzur, Shmuel; Rabinovici, Eliezer; Sarkisian, G; Kutasov, D; Elitzur, Shmuel; Giveon, Amit; Kutasov, David; Rabinovici, Eliezer; Sarkissian, Gor

2000-01-01

We study the dynamics of $D$-branes in the near-horizon geometry of $NS$ fivebranes. This leads to a holographically dual description of the physics of $D$-branes ending on and/or intersecting $NS5$-branes. We use it to verify some properties of such $D$-branes which were deduced indirectly in the past, and discuss some instabilities of non-supersymmetric brane configurations. Our construction also describes vacua of Little String Theory which are dual to open plus closed string theory in asymptotically linear dilaton spacetimes.

Progress in D-brane model building

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marchesano, F.

2007-01-01

The state of the art in D-brane model building is briefly reviewed, focusing on recent achievements in the construction of D=4 N=1 type II string vacua with semi-realistic gauge sectors. Such progress relies on a better understanding of the spectrum of BPS D-branes, the effective field theory obtained from them and the explicit construction of vacua. We first consider D-branes in standard Calabi-Yau compactifications, and then the more involved case of compactifications with fluxes. We discuss how the non-trivial interplay between D-branes and fluxes modifies the previous model-building rules, as well as provides new possibilities to connect string theory to particle physics. (Abstract Copyright [2007], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Nonthreshold D-brane bound states and black holes with nonzero entropy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Costa, M.S.; Cvetic, M.

1997-01-01

We start with Bogomol close-quote nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield- (BPS) saturated configurations of two (orthogonally) intersecting M-branes and use the electromagnetic duality or dimensional reduction along a boost, in order to obtain new p-brane bound states. In the first case the resulting configurations are interpreted as BPS-saturated nonthreshold bound states of intersecting p-branes, and in the second case as p-branes intersecting at angles and their duals. As a by-product we deduce the enhancement of supersymmetry as the angle approaches zero. We also comment on the D-brane theory describing these new bound states, and a connection between the angle and the world-volume gauge fields of the D-brane system. We use these configurations to find new embeddings of the four- and five-dimensional black holes with nonzero entropy, whose entropy now also depends on the angle and world-volume gauge fields. The corresponding D-brane configuration sheds light on the microscopic entropy of such black holes. copyright 1997 The American Physical Society

Harmonic superpositions of M-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tseytlin, A.A.

1996-01-01

We present solutions describing supersymmetric configurations of 2 or 3 orthogonally intersecting 2-branes and 5-branes of D=11 supergravity. The configurations which preserve 1/4 or 1/8 of maximal supersymmetry are 2 perpendicular to 2, 5 perpendicular to 5, 2 perpendicular to 5, 2 perpendicular to 2 perpendicular to 2, 5 perpendicular to 5 perpendicular to 5, 2 perpendicular to 2 perpendicular to 5 and 2 perpendicular to 5 perpendicular to 5 (2 perpendicular to 2 stands for orthogonal intersection of two 2-branes over a point, etc.; p-branes of the same type intersect over (p-2)-branes). There exists a simple rule which governs the construction of composite supersymmetric p-brane solutions in D=10 and 11 with a separate harmonic function assigned to each constituent 1/2-supersymmetric p-brane. The resulting picture of intersecting p-brane solutions complements their D-brane interpretation in D=10 and seems to support possible existence of a D=11 analogue of D-brane description. The D=11 solution describing intersecting 2-brane and 5-brane reduces in D=10 to a type II string solution corresponding to a fundamental string lying within a solitonic 5-brane (which further reduces to an extremal D=5 black hole). We also discuss a particular D=11 embedding of the extremal D=4 dyonic black hole solution with finite area of horizon. (orig.)

On classical de Sitter and Minkowski solutions with intersecting branes

Science.gov (United States)

Andriot, David

2018-03-01

Motivated by the connection of string theory to cosmology or particle physics, we study solutions of type II supergravities having a four-dimensional de Sitter or Minkowski space-time, with intersecting D p -branes and orientifold O p -planes. Only few such solutions are known, and we aim at a better characterisation. Modulo a few restrictions, we prove that there exists no classical de Sitter solution for any combination of D 3/ O 3 and D 7/ O 7, while we derive interesting constraints for intersecting D 5/ O 5 or D 6/ O 6, or combinations of D 4/ O 4 and D 8/ O 8. Concerning classical Minkowski solutions, we understand some typical features, and propose a solution ansatz. Overall, a central information appears to be the way intersecting D p / O p overlap each other, a point we focus on.

Intersecting Branes Flip SU(5)

CERN Document Server

Ellis, Jonathan Richard; Nanopoulos, Dimitri V; Ellis, John

2002-01-01

Within a toroidal orbifold framework, we exhibit intersecting brane-world constructions of flipped SU(5) \\times U(1) GUT models with various numbers of generations, other chiral matter representations and Higgs representations. We exhibit orientifold constructions with integer winding numbers that yield 8 or more conventional SU(5) generations, and orbifold constructions with fractional winding numbers that yield flipped SU(5) \\times U(1) models with just 3 conventional generations. Some of these models have candidates for the 5 and {\\bar 5} Higgs representations needed for electroweak symmetry breaking, but not for the 10 and {\\bar 10} representations needed for GUT symmetry breaking, or vice-versa.

Microstates of D1–D5(-P) black holes, as interacting D-branes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Morita, Takeshi, E-mail: morita.takeshi@shizuoka.ac.jp [Department of Physics, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529 (Japan); Shiba, Shotaro, E-mail: sshiba@cc.kyoto-su.ac.jp [Maskawa Institute for Science and Culture, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555 (Japan)

2015-07-30

In our previous study (Morita et al., 2014 [1]), we figured out that the thermodynamics of the near extremal black p-branes can be explained as the collective motions of gravitationally interacting elementary p-branes (the p-soup proposal). We test this proposal in the near-extremal D1–D5 and D1–D5-P black holes and show that their thermodynamics also can be explained in a similar fashion, i.e. via the collective motions of the interacting elementary D1-branes and D5-branes (and waves). It may imply that the microscopic origins of these intersecting black branes and the black p-brane are explained in the unified picture. We also argue the relation between the p-soup proposal and the conformal field theory calculations of the D1–D5(-P) black holes in superstring theory.

Microstates of D1–D5(-P black holes, as interacting D-branes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Takeshi Morita

2015-07-01

Full Text Available In our previous study (Morita et al., 2014 [1], we figured out that the thermodynamics of the near extremal black p-branes can be explained as the collective motions of gravitationally interacting elementary p-branes (the p-soup proposal. We test this proposal in the near-extremal D1–D5 and D1–D5-P black holes and show that their thermodynamics also can be explained in a similar fashion, i.e. via the collective motions of the interacting elementary D1-branes and D5-branes (and waves. It may imply that the microscopic origins of these intersecting black branes and the black p-brane are explained in the unified picture. We also argue the relation between the p-soup proposal and the conformal field theory calculations of the D1–D5(-P black holes in superstring theory.

Microstates of D1–D5(-P) black holes, as interacting D-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morita, Takeshi; Shiba, Shotaro

2015-01-01

In our previous study (Morita et al., 2014 [1]), we figured out that the thermodynamics of the near extremal black p-branes can be explained as the collective motions of gravitationally interacting elementary p-branes (the p-soup proposal). We test this proposal in the near-extremal D1–D5 and D1–D5-P black holes and show that their thermodynamics also can be explained in a similar fashion, i.e. via the collective motions of the interacting elementary D1-branes and D5-branes (and waves). It may imply that the microscopic origins of these intersecting black branes and the black p-brane are explained in the unified picture. We also argue the relation between the p-soup proposal and the conformal field theory calculations of the D1–D5(-P) black holes in superstring theory

Supersymmetric Orientifolds with D-branes at angles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schreyer, R.

2001-12-01

We show the construction and detailed calculation of N = 1 supersymmetric orientifold compactifications of type IIB string theory to six dimensions and type IIA string theory to four dimensions. The orbifold group in the six dimensional models is Z N and in the four dimensional models Z N x Z M . In addition, worldsheet parity Ω in combination with the complex conjugation R in the compact directions, which are chosen to be direct products of two-tori, is modded out. This naturally leads to the inclusion of D-branes intersecting at angles in the compact directions. Gauge theories are known to live on the worldvolume of D-branes and chiral fermions are expected to be localized at the intersection points. This opens up the possibility to construct new phenomenologically interesting compactifications of string theory. However, the four dimensional models under consideration lead to non-chiral spectra. This is a consequence of the symmetric choice of placing the D-branes on top of the orientifold fixed planes. Nevertheless, a generalization of our model presented in the recent literature has led to a N = 1 supersymmetric compactification to four dimensions including the SM gauge group and three families of chiral fermions. As a more formal aspect, we focus on the case of Z 2 in the six dimensional and Z 2 x Z 2 in the four dimensional ΩR orientifolds to explicitely present models T-dual to known Ω orientifolds. The equivalence of the massless spectra is verified. In addition to the standard consistency conditions from tadpole cancellation, we obtain constraints for some of the models from worldsheet duality using the boundary state formalism. (orig.)

D-brane physics. From weak to strong coupling

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vieira Lopes, Daniel Ordine

2013-01-10

In this thesis we discuss two aspects of branes relevant to high-energy phenomenology. First, we consider a single D6-brane wrapping a special Lagrangian cycle and the background space compactified in a Calabi-Yau orientifold the conditions needed to obtain a four-dimensional N=1 supersymmetric theory. We calculate the bosonic part of the effective action by performing a Kaluza-Klein reduction of the brane seven-dimensional action, and obtain the N=1 characteristic data. To discuss the moduli, we first fix the moduli from deformations of the background Calabi-Yau and study the D-brane deformation moduli space. We next allow for Calabi-Yau deformations, and show that the moduli space for complex structure deformations is corrected by the fields living on the D6-brane. We also calculate the scalar potential from D- and F-terms generated from brane and background configurations that would break the supersymmetry condition. We then, via Mirror Symmetry, relate the spectrum obtained in our work to the spectrum in Type IIB effective theory with D3- D5- and D7-branes, and we propose a Kaehler potential for the moduli space of brane deformations in Type IIB theories. In the second part of the thesis we discuss effects of brane intersections when the string coupling can become strong, and we work in the framework of F-theory. After reviewing the basics of F-theory constructions and a particular SU(5) model already discussed in the literature, we construct a model which contains a point of E{sub 8} singularity, and curves of E{sub 6} singularity. By explicitly resolving the space, we show that the resolution requires the introduction of higher dimensional fibers, and argue how we can circumvent this problem for the E{sub 6} curve, leading to the expected resolution that generate an E{sub 6} group, while at the E{sub 8} point we cannot make the resolution lead to an expected E{sub 8} structure.

A K-theory anomaly free supersymmetric flipped SU(5) model from intersecting branes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chen, C.-M. [George P. and Cynthia W. Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX 77843 (United States)]. E-mail: cchen@physics.tamu.edu; Kraniotis, G.V. [George P. and Cynthia W. Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX 77843 (United States)]. E-mail: kraniotis@physics.tamu.edu; Mayes, V.E. [George P. and Cynthia W. Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX 77843 (United States)]. E-mail: eric@physics.tamu.edu; Nanopoulos, D.V. [George P. and Cynthia W. Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX 77843 (United States) and Astroparticle Physics Group, Houston Advanced Research Center (HARC), Mitchell Campus, Woodlands, TX 77381 (United States) and Academy of Athens, Division of Natural Sciences, 28 Panepistimiou Avenue, Athens 10679 (Greece)]. E-mail: dimitri@physics.tamu.edu; Walker, J.W. [George P. and Cynthia W. Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX 77843 (United States)]. E-mail: jwalker@physics.tamu.edu

2005-10-06

We construct an N=1 supersymmetric three-family flipped SU(5) model from type IIA orientifolds on T{sup 6}/(Z{sub 2}xZ{sub 2}) with D6-branes intersecting at general angles. The model is constrained by the requirement that Ramond-Ramond tadpoles cancel, the supersymmetry conditions, and that the gauge boson coupled to the U(1){sub X} factor does not get a string-scale mass via a generalised Green-Schwarz mechanism. The model is further constrained by requiring cancellation of K-theory charges. The spectrum contains a complete grand unified and electroweak Higgs sector, however the latter in a non-minimal number of copies. In addition, it contains extra matter both in bi-fundamental and vector-like representations as well as two copies of matter in the symmetric representation of SU(5)

Intersecting branes, Higgs sector, and chirality from N = 4 SYM with soft SUSY breaking

Science.gov (United States)

Sperling, Marcus; Steinacker, Harold C.

2018-04-01

We consider SU( N ) N = 4 super Yang-Mills with cubic and quadratic soft SUSY breaking potential, such that the global SU(4) R is broken to SU(3) or further. As shown recently, this set-up supports a rich set of non-trivial vacua with the geometry of self-intersecting SU(3) branes in 6 extra dimensions. The zero modes on these branes can be interpreted as 3 generations of bosonic and chiral fermionic strings connecting the branes at their intersections. Here, we uncover a large class of exact solutions consisting of branes connected by Higgs condensates, leading to Yukawa couplings between the chiral fermionic zero modes. Under certain decoupling conditions, the backreaction of the Higgs on the branes vanishes exactly. The resulting physics is that of a spontaneously broken chiral gauge theory on branes with fluxes. In particular, we identify combined brane plus Higgs configurations which lead to gauge fields that couple to chiral fermions at low energy. This turns out to be quite close to the Standard Model and its constructions via branes in string theory. As a by-product, we construct a G 2-brane solution corresponding to a squashed fuzzy coadjoint orbit of G 2.

arXiv On classical de Sitter and Minkowski solutions with intersecting branes

CERN Document Server

Andriot, David

2018-03-09

Motivated by the connection of string theory to cosmology or particle physics, we study solutions of type II supergravities having a four-dimensional de Sitter or Minkowski space-time, with intersecting D$_{p}$ -branes and orientifold O$_{p}$ -planes. Only few such solutions are known, and we aim at a better characterisation. Modulo a few restrictions, we prove that there exists no classical de Sitter solution for any combination of D$_{3}$/O$_{3}$ and D$_{7}$/O$_{7}$, while we derive interesting constraints for intersecting D$_{5}$/O$_{5}$ or D$_{6}$/O$_{6}$, or combinations of D$_{4}$/O$_{4}$ and D$_{8}$/O$_{8}$. Concerning classical Minkowski solutions, we understand some typical features, and propose a solution ansatz. Overall, a central information appears to be the way intersecting D$_{p}$ /O$_{p}$ overlap each other, a point we focus on.

Holography, brane intersections and six-dimensional SCFTs

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bobev, Nikolay [Instituut voor Theoretische Fysica, K.University Leuven,Celestijnenlaan 200D, BE-3001 Leuven (Belgium); Dibitetto, Giuseppe [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University,Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala (Sweden); Gautason, Friðrik Freyr [Instituut voor Theoretische Fysica, K.University Leuven,Celestijnenlaan 200D, BE-3001 Leuven (Belgium); Institut de Physique Théorique, Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS,Orme des Merisiers, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette (France); Truijen, Brecht [Instituut voor Theoretische Fysica, K.University Leuven,Celestijnenlaan 200D, BE-3001 Leuven (Belgium)

2017-02-23

We study supersymmetric intersections of NS5-, D6- and D8-branes in type IIA string theory. We focus on the supergravity description of this system and identify a “near horizon” limit in which we recover the recently classified supersymmetric seven-dimensional AdS solutions of massive type IIA supergravity. Using a consistent truncation to seven-dimensional gauged supergravity we construct a universal supersymmetric deformation of these AdS vacua. In the holographic dual six-dimensional (1,0) superconformal field theory this deformation describes a universal RG flow on the tensor branch of the vacuum moduli space triggered by a vacuum expectation value for a protected scalar operator of dimension four.

D-branes in little string theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Israel, Dan; Pakman, Ari; Troost, Jan

2005-01-01

We analyze in detail the D-branes in the near-horizon limit of NS5-branes on a circle, the holographic dual of little string theory in a double scaling limit. We emphasize their geometry in the background of the NS5-branes and show the relation with D-branes in coset models. The exact one-point functions giving the coupling of the closed string states with the D-branes and the spectrum of open strings are computed. Using these results, we analyze several aspects of Hanany-Witten setups, using exact CFT analysis. In particular we identify the open string spectrum on the D-branes stretched between NS5-branes which confirms the low-energy analysis in brane constructions, and that allows to go to higher energy scales. As an application we show the emergence of the beta-function of the N=2 gauge theory on D4-branes stretching between NS5-branes from the boundary states describing the D4-branes. We also speculate on the possibility of getting a matrix model description of little string theory from the effective theory on the D1-branes. By considering D3-branes orthogonal to the NS5-branes we find a CFT incarnation of the Hanany-Witten effect of anomalous creation of D-branes. Finally we give an brief description of some non-BPS D-branes

Phenomenological analysis of D-brane Pati-Salam vacua

CERN Document Server

Anastasopoulos, P.; Vlachos, N.D.

2010-01-01

In the present work we perform a phenomenological analysis of the effective low energy models with Pati-Salam (PS) gauge symmetry derived in the context of D-branes. A main issue in these models arises from the fact that the right-handed fermions and the PS-symmetry breaking Higgs field transform identically under the PS symmetry, causing unnatural matter-Higgs mixing effects. We argue that this problem could be solved in particular D-brane setups where these fields arise in different intersections. We further observe that whenever a large Higgs mass term is generated in a particular class of mass spectra, a splitting mechanism -reminiscent of the doublet triplet splitting- may protect the neutral Higgs components from a heavy mass term. We analyze the implications of each individual representation which in principle is available in these models in order to specify the minimal spectrum required to build up a consistent PS model which reconciles the low energy data. A short discussion is devoted on the effects...

Ghost D-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Okuda, Takuya; Takayanagi, Tadashi

2006-01-01

We define a ghost D-brane in superstring theories as an object that cancels the effects of an ordinary D-brane. The supergroups U(N|M) and OSp(N/M) arise as gauge symmetries in the supersymmetric world-volume theory of D-branes and ghost D-branes. A system with a pair of D-brane and ghost D-brane located at the same location is physically equivalent to the closed string vacuum. When they are separated, the system becomes a new brane configuration. We generalize the type I/heterotic duality by including n ghost D9-branes on the type I side and by considering the heterotic string whose gauge group is OSp(32+2n/2n). Motivated by the type IIB S-duality applied to D9- and ghost D9-branes, we also find type II-like closed superstrings with U(n/n) gauge symmetry

One-loop adjoint masses for non-supersymmetric intersecting branes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anastasopoulos, P. [Technische Univ., Vienna (Austria). 1. Inst. fuer Theoretische Physik; Antoniadis, I. [European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva (Switzerland); Benakli, K. [CNRS, UPMC Univ. Paris (France). Lab. de Physique Theorique et Haute Energies; Goodsell, M.D. [Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg (Germany); Vichi, A. [Institute de Theorie des Phenomenes Physiques, EPFL, Lausanne (Switzerland)

2011-05-15

We consider breaking of supersymmetry in intersecting D-brane configurations by slight deviation of the angles from their supersymmetric values. We compute the masses generated by radiative corrections for the adjoint scalars on the brane world-volumes. In the open string channel, the string two-point function receives contributions only from the infrared and the ultraviolet limits. The latter is due to tree-level closed string uncanceled NS-NS tadpoles, which we explicitly reproduce from the effective Born-Infeld action. On the other hand, the infrared region reproduces the one-loop mediation of supersymmetry breaking in the effective gauge theory, via messengers and their Kaluza-Klein excitations. In the toroidal set-up considered here, it receives contributions only from N {approx} 4 and N {approx} 2 supersymmetric configurations, and thus always leads at leading order to a tachyonic direction, in agreement with effective field theory expectations. (orig.)

(NS5-brane, D5-brane, D3-brane) bound state, open D3-brane, open D5-brane limits, and SL(2,Z) duality

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mitra, Indranil; Roy, Shibaji

2002-01-01

We generalize the nonthreshold bound state in type IIB supergravity of the form (NS5-brane, D5-brane, D3-brane) constructed by the present authors [J. High Energy Phys. 02, 026 (2001)] to a nonzero asymptotic value of the axion (χ 0 ). We identify the decoupling limits corresponding to both the open D3-brane theory and open D5-brane theory for this supergravity solution as expected. However, we do not find any noncommutative Yang-Mills theory (NCYM) limit for this solution in the presence of NS5-branes. We then study the SL(2,Z) duality symmetry of type IIB theory for both open D3-brane (OD3) limit and open D5-brane (OD5) limit. We find that for OD3 theory, a generic SL(2,Z) duality always gives another OD3 theory irrespective of the value of χ 0 being rational or not. This indicates that OD3 theory is self-dual. But, under a special set of SL(2,Z) transformations for which χ 0 is rational, OD3 theory goes over to a (5+1)-dimensional NCYM theory and these two theories in this case are related to each other by strong-weak duality symmetry. On the other hand, for OD5 theory, a generic SL(2,Z) duality gives another OD5 theory if χ 0 is irrational, but when χ 0 is rational it gives the little string theory limit indicating that OD5 theory is S dual to the type IIB little string theory

D-brane anti-D-brane system in string theory

CERN Document Server

Hyakutake, Y

2003-01-01

In this paper, we review a system of D-brane and anti-D-brane in type II superstring theories. [A. Sen, hep-th/9904207 and references there in; Y.Hyakutake, Master-Th., Doctor-Th. (in Japanese)] This system is unstable an tachyonic modes, which have negative mass squared, appear from open strings between D-brane and anti-D-brane. The effective field theory on the world-volume is described by U(1) x U(1) gauge theory with a complex tachyon field. Since the mass squared of the techyon field is negative, a tachyon potential would be like a wine bottle. In order to make the system stable, the tachyon rolls down the potential and gets some vacuum expectation value. This is called the tachyon condensation mechanism. During this mechanism, Dp-brane and anti-Dp-brane annihilate completely, if we admit Sen's conjecture. The suspicions between tachyon condensation and Hawking radiation are also discussed. (author)

Recoiling D-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakamura, Shin

2005-01-01

We propose a new method to describe a recoiling D-brane that is elastically scattered by closed strings in the nonrelativistic region. We utilize the low-energy effective field theory on the worldvolume of the D-brane, and the velocity of the D-brane is described by the time derivative of the expectation values of the massless scalar fields on the worldvolume. The effects of the closed strings are represented by a source term for the massless fields in this method. The momentum conservation condition between the closed strings and the D-brane is derived up to the relative sign of the momentum of the D-brane

D-brane anti-brane annihilation in an expanding universe

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Majumdar, Mahbub; Davis, Anne-Christine

2003-01-01

The time-varying density of D-branes and anti-D-branes in an expanding universe is calculated. The D-brane anti-brane annihilation rate is shown to be too small to compete with the expansion rate of a FRW type universe and the branes over-close the universe. This brane problem is analogous to the old monopole problem. Interestingly however, it is shown that small dimension D-branes annihilate more slowly than high dimension branes. Hence, an initially brany universe may be filled with only low dimension branes at late times. When combined with an appropriate late inflationary theory this leads to an attractive dynamical way to create a realistic braneworld scenario. (author)

D-branes in a big bang/big crunch universe: Nappi-Witten gauged WZW model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hikida, Yasuaki [School of Physics and BK-21 Physics Division, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747 (Korea, Republic of); Nayak, Rashmi R. [Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN, Sezione di Roma 2, ' Tor Vergata' ' , Rome 00133 (Italy); Panigrahi, Kamal L. [Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN, Sezione di Roma 2, ' Tor Vergata' , Rome 00133 (Italy)

2005-05-01

We study D-branes in the Nappi-Witten model, which is a gauged WZW model based on (SL(2,R) x SU(2))/(U(1) x U(1)). The model describes a four dimensional space-time consisting of cosmological regions with big bang/big crunch singularities and static regions with closed time-like curves. The aim of this paper is to investigate by D-brane probes whether there are pathologies associated with the cosmological singularities and the closed time-like curves. We first classify D-branes in a group theoretical way, and then examine DBI actions for effective theories on the D-branes. In particular, we show that D-brane metric from the DBI action does not include singularities, and wave functions on the D-branes are well behaved even in the presence of closed time-like curves.

D-Branes on K3-Fibrations

CERN Document Server

Kaste, P.; Lutken, C.A.; Walcher, Johannes

2000-01-01

B-type D-branes are constructed on two different K3-fibrations over IP_1 using boundary conformal field theory at the rational Gepner points of these models. The microscopic CFT charges are compared with the Ramond charges of D-branes wrapped on holomorphic cycles of the corresponding Calabi-Yau manifold. We study in particular D4-branes and bundles localized on the K3 fibers, and find agreement with expectations. This provides a further test of the boundary CFT approach to $D$-brane physics.

Orientifolds and D-branes in N=2 gauged linear sigma models

CERN Document Server

Brunner, Ilka

We study parity symmetries and boundary conditions in the framework of gauged linear sigma models. This allows us to investigate the Kaehler moduli dependence of the physics of D-branes as well as orientifolds in a Calabi-Yau compactification. We first determine the parity action on D-branes and define the set of orientifold-invariant D-branes in the linear sigma model. Using probe branes on top of orientifold planes, we derive a general formula for the type (SO vs Sp) of orientifold planes. As applications, we show how compactifications with and without vector structure arise naturally at different real slices of the Kaehler moduli space of a Calabi-Yau compactification. We observe that orientifold planes located at certain components of the fixed point locus can change type when navigating through the stringy regime.

On D-brane dynamics and moduli stabilization

Science.gov (United States)

Kitazawa, Noriaki

2017-09-01

We discuss the effect of the dynamics of D-branes on moduli stabilization in type IIB string theory compactifications, with reference to a concrete toy model of T6/Z 3 orientifold compactification with fractional D3-branes and anti-D3-branes at orbifold fixed points. The resulting attractive forces between anti-D3-branes and D3-branes, together with the repulsive forces between anti-D3-branes and O3-planes, can affect the stability of the compact space. There are no complex structure moduli in T6/Z 3 orientifold, which should thus capture some generic features of more general settings where all complex structure moduli are stabilized by three-form fluxes. The simultaneous presence of branes and anti-branes brings along the breaking of supersymmetry. Non-BPS combinations of this type are typical of “brane supersymmetry breaking” and are a necessary ingredient in the KKLT scenario for stabilizing the remaining Kähler moduli. The conclusion of our analysis is that, while mutual D-brane interactions sometimes help Kähler moduli stabilization, this is not always the case.

Global embeddings for branes at toric singularities

CERN Document Server

Balasubramanian, Vijay; Braun, Volker; García-Etxebarria, Iñaki

2012-01-01

We describe how local toric singularities, including the Toric Lego construction, can be embedded in compact Calabi-Yau manifolds. We study in detail the addition of D-branes, including non-compact flavor branes as typically used in semi-realistic model building. The global geometry provides constraints on allowable local models. As an illustration of our discussion we focus on D3 and D7-branes on (the partially resolved) (dP0)^3 singularity, its embedding in a specific Calabi-Yau manifold as a hypersurface in a toric variety, the related type IIB orientifold compactification, as well as the corresponding F-theory uplift. Our techniques generalize naturally to complete intersections, and to a large class of F-theory backgrounds with singularities.

Unstoppable brane-flux decay of (D6)-bar branes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Danielsson, UniversityH. [Institutionen för Fysik och Astronomi, Uppsala Universitet, Uppsala (Sweden); Gautason, F.F. [Institut de Physique Théorique, Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Orme des Merisiers, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette (France); Riet, T. Van [Instituut voor Theoretische Fysica, K.University Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven (Belgium)

2017-03-27

We investigate p (D6)-bar branes inside a flux throat that carries K×M D6 charges with K the 3-form flux quantum and M the Romans mass. In such a setup brane-flux annihilation can proceed through the nucleation of KK5 branes. We find that within the calculable supergravity regime where g{sub s}p is large, the (D6)-bar branes annihilate immediately against the fluxes despite the existence of a metastable state at small p/M in the probe approximation. The crucial property that causes this naive conflict with effective field theory is a singularity in the 3-form flux, which we cut off at string scale. Our result explains the absence of regular solutions at finite temperature and suggests there should be a smooth time-dependent solution. We also discuss the qualitative differences between (D6)-bar branes and (D3)-bar branes, which makes it a priori not obvious to conclude the same instability for (D3)-bar branes.

D-branes on K3-fibrations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaste, P.; Lerche, W.; Luetken, C.A.; Walcher, J.

2000-01-01

B-type D-branes are constructed on two different K3-fibrations over P 1 using boundary conformal field theory at the rational Gepner points of these models. The microscopic CFT charges are compared with the Ramond charges of D-branes wrapped on holomorphic cycles of the corresponding Calabi-Yau manifold. We study in particular D4-branes and bundles localized on the K3 fibers, and find from CFT that each irreducible component of a bundle on K3 gains one modulus upon fibration over P 1 . This is in agreement with expectations and so provides a further test of the boundary CFT approach to D-brane physics

D-Branes in Curved Space

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

McGreevy, John Austen; /Stanford U., Phys. Dept.

2005-07-06

This thesis is a study of D-branes in string compactifications. In this context, D-branes are relevant as an important component of the nonperturbative spectrum, as an incisive probe of these backgrounds, and as a natural stringy tool for localizing gauge interactions. In the first part of the thesis, we discuss half-BPS D-branes in compactifications of type II string theory on Calabi-Yau threefolds. The results we describe for these objects are pertinent both in their role as stringy brane-worlds, and in their role as solitonic objects. In particular, we determine couplings of these branes to the moduli determining the closed-string geometry, both perturbatively and non-perturbatively in the worldsheet expansion. We provide a local model for transitions in moduli space where the BPS spectrum jumps, and discuss the extension of mirror symmetry between Calabi-Yau manifolds to the case when D-branes are present. The next section is an interlude which provides some applications of D-branes to other curved backgrounds of string theory. In particular, we discuss a surprising phenomenon in which fundamental strings moving through background Ramond-Ramond fields dissolve into large spherical D3-branes. This mechanism is used to explain a previously-mysterious fact discovered via the AdS-CFT correspondence. Next, we make a connection between type IIA string vacua of the type discussed in the first section and M-theory compactifications on manifolds of G{sub 2} holonomy. Finally we discuss constructions of string vacua which do not have large radius limits. In the final part of the thesis, we develop techniques for studying the worldsheets of open strings ending on the curved D-branes studied in the first section. More precisely, we formulate a large class of massive two-dimensional gauge theories coupled to boundary matter, which flow in the infrared to the relevant boundary conformal field theories. Along with many other applications, these techniques are used to describe

Intersection democracy for winding branes and stabilization of extra dimensions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rador, Tonguc

2005-01-01

We show that, in the context of pure Einstein gravity, a democratic principle for intersection possibilities of branes winding around extra dimensions in a given partitioning yield stabilization, while what the observed space follows is matter-like dust evolution. Here democracy is used in the sense that, in a given decimation of extra dimensions, all possible wrappings and hence all possible intersections are allowed. Generally, the necessary and sufficient condition for this is that the dimensionality m of the observed space dimensions obey 3= =3, where N is the decimation order of the extra dimensions

Level-rank duality of untwisted and twisted D-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Naculich, Stephen G.; Schnitzer, Howard J.

2006-01-01

Level-rank duality of untwisted and twisted D-branes of WZW models is explored. We derive the relation between D0-brane charges of level-rank dual untwisted D-branes of su-bar (N) K and sp-bar (n) k , and of level-rank dual twisted D-branes of su-bar (2n+1) 2k+1 . The analysis of level-rank duality of twisted D-branes of su-bar (2n+1) 2k+1 is facilitated by their close relation to untwisted D-branes of sp-bar (n) k . We also demonstrate level-rank duality of the spectrum of an open string stretched between untwisted or twisted D-branes in each of these cases

Fermi liquids from D-branes

OpenAIRE

Moshe RozaliDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada; Darren Smyth(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada)

2014-01-01

We discuss finite density configurations on probe D-branes, in the presence of worldvolume fermions. To this end we consider a phenomenological model whose bosonic sector is governed by the DBI action, and whose charged sector is purely fermionic. In this model, we demonstrate the existence of a compact worldvolume embedding, stabilized by a Fermi surface on the D- brane. The finite density state in the boundary QFT is a Fermi-like liquid. We comment on the possibility of realizing non-Fermi ...

Brane holes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Frolov, Valeri P.; Mukohyama, Shinji

2011-01-01

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that in models with large extra dimensions under special conditions one can extract information from the interior of 4D black holes. For this purpose we study an induced geometry on a test brane in the background of a higher-dimensional static black string or a black brane. We show that, at the intersection surface of the test brane and the bulk black string or brane, the induced metric has an event horizon, so that the test brane contains a black hole. We call it a brane hole. When the test brane moves with a constant velocity V with respect to the bulk black object, it also has a brane hole, but its gravitational radius r e is greater than the size of the bulk black string or brane r 0 by the factor (1-V 2 ) -1 . We show that bulk ''photon'' emitted in the region between r 0 and r e can meet the test brane again at a point outside r e . From the point of view of observers on the test brane, the events of emission and capture of the bulk photon are connected by a spacelike curve in the induced geometry. This shows an example in which extra dimensions can be used to extract information from the interior of a lower-dimensional black object. Instead of the bulk black string or brane, one can also consider a bulk geometry without a horizon. We show that nevertheless the induced geometry on the moving test brane can include a brane hole. In such a case the extra dimensions can be used to extract information from the complete region of the brane-hole interior. We discuss thermodynamic properties of brane holes and interesting questions which arise when such an extra-dimensional channel for the information mining exists.

Non-abelian action of D0-branes from Matrix theory in the longitudinal 5-brane background

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Asano, Masako; Sekino, Yasuhiro

2002-01-01

We study one-loop effective action of Berkooz-Douglas Matrix theory and obtain non-abelian action of D0-branes in the background field produced by longitudinal 5-branes. Since these 5-branes do not have D0-brane charge and are not present in BFSS Matrix theory, our analysis provides an independent test for the coupling of D-branes to general weak backgrounds proposed by Taylor and Van Raamsdonk from the analysis of the BFSS model. The proposed couplings appear in the Berkooz-Douglas effective action precisely as expected, which suggests the consistency of the two matrix models. We also point out the existence of the terms which are not given by the symmetrized trace prescription in the Matrix theory effective action

Dirichlet branes and nonperturbative aspects of supersymmetric string and gauge theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yin, Zheng

1999-01-01

In chapter 1 the author reviews some elements of string theory relevant to the rest of this report. He touches on both the classical, i.e. perturbative, string physics before D-branes rise to prominence, and some of the progresses they brought forth. In chapter 2 he proceeds to give an exact algebraic formulation of D-branes in curved spaces. This allows one to classify them in backgrounds of interest and study their geometric properties. He applies this formalism to string theory on Calabi-Yau and other supersymmetry preserving manifolds. Then he studies the behavior of the D-branes under mirror symmetry in chapter 3. Mirror symmetry is known to be a symmetry of string theory perturbatively. He finds evidence for its nonperturbative validity when D-branes are also considered and compute some dynamical consequences. In chapter 4 he turns to examine the consistency of curved and/or intersecting D-brane configurations. They have been used recently to extract information about the field theories that arise in certain limits. It turns out that there are potential quantum mechanical inconsistencies associated with them. What saves the day are certain subtle topological properties of D-branes. This resolution has implications for the conserved charges carried by the D-branes, which he computes for the cases studied in chapter 2. In chapter 5 he uses intersecting brane configurations to study three dimensional supersymmetric gauge theories. There is also a mirror symmetry there that, among other things, exchanges classical and quantum mechanical quantities of a (mirror) pair of theories. It has an elegant realization in term of a symmetry of string theory involving D-branes. The author employs it to study a wide class of 3d models. He also predicts new mirror pairs and unconventional 3d field theories without Lagrangian descriptions

Comparing D-branes and black holes with 0- and 6-brane charges

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pierre, J.M.

1997-01-01

We consider configurations of D6-branes with a D0-brane charge given by recent work of Taylor and compute interaction potentials with various D-brane probes using a 1-loop open string calculation. These results are compared to a supergravity calculation using the solution given by Sheinblatt of an extremal black hole carrying 0-brane and 6-brane charges. copyright 1997 The American Physical Society

YM on the dielectric brane: a D0-brane tale

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martucci, Luca; Silva, Pedro J.

2003-01-01

In this letter we present a derivation, from the D0-brane picture, of the background monopole field and in general of the full dynamics of the Yang-Mills theory on the dielectric D2-brane of Myers. To do this we study the large N limit of the fuzzy sphere relevant to the dielectric solution. In contrast to the usual interpretation where the commutative D2-brane picture arises directly from the large N limit of the D0-brane picture, we find that a residual non-commutativity must be preserved in order to make the connection by means of the Seiberg-Witten map

Standard model on D-branes

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

string theory, and then describe two ecent attempts using D-branes. The first ... ification of the theory Å =T 6/G, where G =G1 +ΩG2 with G1 2 discrete internal sym- ... Whereas in the latter case anomalousU(1) factors in the gauge group disap-.

A Delicate Universe: Compactification Obstacles to D-brane Inflation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baumann, Daniel; Dymarsky, Anatoly; McAllister, Liam; Klebanov, Igor R.; Steinhardt, Paul J.

2007-01-01

We investigate whether explicit models of warped D-brane inflation are possible in string compactifications. To this end, we study the potential for D3-brane motion in a warped conifold that includes holomorphically embedded D7-branes involved in moduli stabilization. The presence of the D7-branes significantly modifies the inflaton potential. We construct an example based on a very simple and symmetric embedding due to Kuperstein, z 1 =const, in which it is possible to fine-tune the potential so that slow-roll inflation can occur. The resulting model is rather delicate: inflation occurs in the vicinity of an inflection point, and the cosmological predictions are extremely sensitive to the precise shape of the potential

U-duality and D-brane combinatorics

CERN Document Server

Pioline, B

1998-01-01

We investigate D-brane instanton contributions to R^4 couplings in any toroidal compactification of type II theories. Starting from the 11D supergravity one-loop four-graviton amplitude computed by Green, Gutperle and Vanhove, we derive the non-perturbative O(e^{-1/\\lambda}) corrections to R^4 couplings by a sequence of T-dualities, and interpret them as precise configurations of bound states of D-branes wrapping cycles of the compactification torus. Dp-branes explicitely appear as fluxes on D(p+2)-branes, and as gauge instantons on D(p+4)-branes. Specific rules for weighting these contributions are obtained, which should carry over to more general situations. Furthermore, it is shown that U-duality in D<=6 relates these D-brane configurations to O(e^{-1/\\lambda^2}) instantons for which a geometric interpretation is still lacking.

Quantum billiards in multidimensional models with branes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ivashchuk, V.D.; Melnikov, V.N. [VNIIMS, Center for Gravitation and Fundamental Metrology, Moscow (Russian Federation); Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Institute of Gravitation and Cosmology, Moscow (Russian Federation)

2014-03-15

gravitational D-dimensional model with l scalar fields and several forms is considered. When a cosmological-type diagonal metric is chosen, an electromagnetic composite brane ansatz is adopted and certain restrictions on the branes are imposed; the conformally covariant Wheeler-DeWitt (WDW) equation for the model is studied. Under certain restrictions asymptotic solutions to WDW equation are found in the limit of the formation of the billiard walls which reduce the problem to the so-called quantum billiard on the (D+l-2)-dimensional Lobachevsky space. Two examples of quantum billiards are considered. The first one deals with 9-dimensional quantum billiard for D = 11 model with 330 four-forms which mimic space-like M2- and M5-branes of D = 11 supergravity. The second one deals with the 9-dimensional quantum billiard for D = 10 gravitational model with one scalar field, 210 four-forms and 120 three-forms which mimic space-like D2-, D4-, FS1- and NS5-branes in D = 10 IIA supergravity. It is shown that in both examples wave functions vanish in the limit of the formation of the billiard walls (i.e. we get a quantum resolution of the singularity for 11D model) but magnetic branes could not be neglected in calculations of quantum asymptotic solutions while they are irrelevant for classical oscillating behavior when all 120 electric branes are present. (orig.)

Multidimensional Gravitational Models: Fluxbrane and S-Brane Solutions with Polynomials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ivashchuk, V. D.; Melnikov, V. N.

2007-01-01

Main results in obtaining exact solutions for multidimensional models and their application to solving main problems of modern cosmology and black hole physics are described. Some new results on composite fluxbrane and S-brane solutions for a wide class of intersection rules are presented. These solutions are defined on a product manifold R* x M1 x ... x Mn which contains n Ricci-flat spaces M1,...,Mn with 1-dimensional R* and M1. They are defined up to a set of functions obeying non-linear differential equations equivalent to Toda-type equations with certain boundary conditions imposed. Exact solutions corresponding to configurations with two branes and intersections related to simple Lie algebras C2 and G2 are obtained. In these cases the functions Hs(z), s = 1, 2, are polynomials of degrees: (3, 4) and (6, 10), respectively, in agreement with a conjecture suggested earlier. Examples of simple S-brane solutions describing an accelerated expansion of a certain factor-space are given explicitely

Holographic butterfly velocities in brane geometry and Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with matters

Science.gov (United States)

Huang, Wung-Hong

2018-03-01

In the first part of the paper we generalize the butterfly velocity formula to anisotropic spacetime. We apply the formula to evaluate the butterfly velocities in M-branes, D-branes, and strings backgrounds. We show that the butterfly velocities in M2-branes, M5-branes and the intersection M 2 ⊥ M 5 equal to those in fundamental strings, D4-branes and the intersection F 1 ⊥ D 4 backgrounds, respectively. These observations lead us to conjecture that the butterfly velocity is generally invariant under a double-dimensional reduction. In the second part of the paper, we study the butterfly velocity for Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with arbitrary matter fields. A general formula is obtained. We use this formula to compute the butterfly velocities in different backgrounds and discuss the associated properties.

Poisson-Lie T-duality open strings and D-branes

CERN Document Server

Klimcik, C.

1996-01-01

Global issues of the Poisson-Lie T-duality are addressed. It is shown that oriented open strings propagating on a group manifold G are dual to D-brane - anti-D-brane pairs propagating on the dual group manifold \\ti G. The D-branes coincide with the symplectic leaves of the standard Poisson structure induced on the dual group \\ti G by the dressing action of the group G. T-duality maps the momentum of the open string into the mutual distance of the D-branes in the pair. The whole picture is then extended to the full modular space M(D) of the Poisson-Lie equivalent \\si-models which is the space of all Manin triples of a given Drinfeld double.T-duality rotates the zero modes of pairs of D-branes living on targets belonging to M(D). In this more general case the D-branes are preimages of symplectic leaves in certain Poisson homogeneous spaces of their targets and, as such, they are either all even or all odd dimensional.

Supersymmetric non-singular fractional D2-branes and NS-NS 2-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cvetic, M.; Gibbons, G.W.; Lue, H.; Pope, C.N.

2001-01-01

We obtain regular deformed D2-brane solutions with fractional D2-branes arising as wrapped D4-branes. The space transverse to the D2-brane is a complete Ricci-flat 7-manifold of G 2 holonomy, which is asymptotically conical with principal orbits that are topologically CP 3 or the flag manifold SU(3)/(U(1)xU(1)). We obtain the solution by first constructing an L 2 normalisable harmonic 3-form. We also review a previously-obtained regular deformed D2-brane whose transverse space is a different 7-manifold of G 2 holonomy, with principal orbits that are topologically S 3 xS 3 . This describes D2-branes with fractional NS-NS 2-branes coming from the wrapping of 5-branes, which is supported by a non-normalisable harmonic 3-form on the 7-manifold. We prove that both types of solutions are supersymmetric, preserving 1/16 of the maximal supersymmetry and hence that they are dual to N=1 three-dimensional gauge theories. In each case, the spectrum for minimally-coupled scalars is discrete, indicating confinement in the infrared region of the dual gauge theories. We examine resolutions of other branes, and obtain necessary conditions for their regularity. The resolution of many of these seems to lie beyond supergravity. In the process of studying these questions, we construct new explicit examples of complete Ricci-flat metrics

K-Rational D-Brane Crystals

CERN Document Server

Schimmrigk, Rolf

2012-01-01

In this paper the problem of constructing spacetime from string theory is addressed in the context of D-brane physics. It is suggested that the knowledge of discrete configurations of D-branes is sufficient to reconstruct the motivic building blocks of certain Calabi-Yau varieties. The collections of D-branes involved have algebraic base points, leading to the notion of K-arithmetic D-crystals for algebraic number fields K. This idea can be tested for D0-branes in the framework of toroidal compactifications via the conjectures of Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer. For the special class of D0-crystals of Heegner type these conjectures can be interpreted as formulae that relate the canonical Neron-Tate height of the base points of the D-crystals to special values of the motivic L-function at the central point. In simple cases the knowledge of the D-crystals of Heegner type suffices to uniquely determine the geometry.

Merger transitions in brane-black-hole systems: Criticality, scaling, and self-similarity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Frolov, Valeri P.

2006-01-01

We propose a toy model for studying merger transitions in a curved spacetime with an arbitrary number of dimensions. This model includes a bulk N-dimensional static spherically symmetric black hole and a test D-dimensional brane (D≤N-1) interacting with the black hole. The brane is asymptotically flat and allows a O(D-1) group of symmetry. Such a brane-black-hole (BBH) system has two different phases. The first one is formed by solutions describing a brane crossing the horizon of the bulk black hole. In this case the internal induced geometry of the brane describes a D-dimensional black hole. The other phase consists of solutions for branes which do not intersect the horizon, and the induced geometry does not have a horizon. We study a critical solution at the threshold of the brane-black-hole formation, and the solutions which are close to it. In particular, we demonstrate that there exists a striking similarity of the merger transition, during which the phase of the BBH system is changed, both with the Choptuik critical collapse and with the merger transitions in the higher dimensional caged black-hole-black-string system

Near-horizon solutions for D3-branes ending on 5-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aharony, Ofer; Berdichevsky, Leon; Berkooz, Micha; Shamir, Itamar

2011-01-01

We construct the type IIB supergravity solutions describing D3-branes ending on 5-branes, in the near-horizon limit of the D3-branes. Our solutions are holographically dual to the four dimensional (4D) N=4 SU(N) supersymmetric-Yang-Mills (SYM) theory on a half line, at large N and large 't Hooft coupling, with various boundary conditions that preserve half of the supersymmetry. The solutions are limiting cases of the general solutions with the same symmetries constructed in 2007 by D'Hoker, Estes and Gutperle. The classification of our solutions matches exactly with the general classification of boundary conditions for D3-branes ending on 5-branes by Gaiotto and Witten. We use the gravity duals to compute the one-point functions of some chiral operators in the N=4 SYM theory on a half line at strong coupling, and we find that they do not match with the expectation values of the same operators with the same boundary conditions at small 't Hooft coupling. Our solutions may also be interpreted as the gravity duals of 4D N=4 SYM on AdS 4 , with various boundary conditions.

Noncommutative D-branes from covariant AdS superstring

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sakaguchi, Makoto; Yoshida, Kentaroh

2008-01-01

We study noncommutative (NC) D-branes on AdS 5 xS 5 from κ-invariance of covariant Green-Schwarz action of an open string with a non-trivial world-volume flux. Finding boundary conditions to ensure the κ-invariance, we can see possible configurations of the NC D-branes. With this method 1/4 BPS NC D-branes are discussed. The resulting NC Dp-branes are 1/4 BPS at arbitrary position other than the p=1 case. The exceptional D-string is 1/2 BPS at the origin and 1/4 BPS outside the origin. Those are reduced to possible 1/4 BPS or 1/2 BPS AdS D-branes in the commutative limit. The same analysis is applied to an open superstring in a pp-wave and leads to 1/4 BPS configurations of NC D-branes. These D-branes are consistently obtained from AdS D-branes via the Penrose limit

Entropy of N=2 black holes and their M-brane description

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Behrndt, K.; Mohaupt, T.

1997-01-01

In this paper we discuss the M-brane description for an N=2 black hole. This solution is a result of the compactification of M-5-brane configurations over a Calabi-Yau threefold with arbitrary intersection numbers C ABC . In analogy with the D-brane description where one counts open string states we count here open M-2-branes which end on the M-5-brane. copyright 1997 The American Physical Society

T-branes through 3d mirror symmetry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Collinucci, Andrés; Giacomelli, Simone [Physique Théorique et Mathématique and International Solvay Institutes,Université Libre de Bruxelles,C.P. 231, 1050 Bruxelles (Belgium); Savelli, Raffaele [Institut de Physique Théorique, CEA Saclay,Orme de Merisiers, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette (France); Valandro, Roberto [Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste,Strada Costiera 11, 34151 Trieste (Italy); INFN, Sezione di Trieste,Via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste (Italy); Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics,Strada Costiera 11, 34151 Trieste (Italy)

2016-07-19

T-branes are exotic bound states of D-branes, characterized by mutually non-commuting vacuum expectation values for the worldvolume scalars. The M/F-theory geometry lifting D6/D7-brane configurations is blind to the T-brane data. In this paper, we make this data manifest, by probing the geometry with an M2-brane. We find that the effect of a T-brane is to deform the membrane worldvolume superpotential with monopole operators, which partially break the three-dimensional flavor symmetry, and reduce supersymmetry from N=4 to N=2. Our main tool is 3d mirror symmetry. Through this language, a very concrete framework is developed for understanding T-branes in M-theory. This leads us to uncover a new class of N=2 quiver gauge theories, whose Higgs branches mimic those of membranes at ADE singularities, but whose Coulomb branches differ from their N=4 counterparts.

Fixing D7-brane positions by F-theory fluxes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Braun, A.P.; Hebecker, A.; Luedeling, C.; Valandro, R.

2009-01-01

To do realistic model building in type IIB supergravity, it is important to understand how to fix D7-brane positions by the choice of fluxes. More generally, F-theory model building requires the understanding of how fluxes determine the singularity structure (and hence gauge group and matter content) of the compactification. We analyse this problem in the simple setting of M-theory on K3xK3. Given a certain flux which is consistent with the F-theory limit, we can explicitly derive the positions at which D7 branes or stacks of D7 branes are stabilised. The analysis is based on a parameterization of the moduli space of type IIB string theory on T 2 /Z 2 (including D7-brane positions) in terms of the periods of integral cycles of M-theory on K3. This allows us, in particular, to select a specific desired gauge group by the choice of flux numbers.

Inflation from D3-brane motion in the background of D5-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Panda, Sudhakar; Sami, M.; Tsujikawa, Shinji; Ward, John

2006-01-01

We study inflation arising from the motion of a Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield D3-brane in the background of a stack of k parallel D5-branes. There are two scalar fields in this setup: (i) the radion field R, a real scalar field, and (ii) a complex tachyonic scalar field χ living on the world volume of the open string stretched between the D3 and D5 branes. We find that inflation is realized by the potential of the radion field, which satisfies observational constraints coming from the cosmic microwave background. After the radion becomes of the order of the string length scale l s , the dynamics is governed by the potential of the complex scalar field. Since this field has a standard kinematic term, reheating can be successfully realized by the mechanism of tachyonic preheating with spontaneous symmetry breaking

D-Brane Recoil Mislays Information

CERN Document Server

Ellis, Jonathan Richard; Nanopoulos, Dimitri V

1998-01-01

We discuss the scattering of a light closed-string state off a $D$ brane, taking into account quantum recoil effects on the latter, which are described by a pair of logarithmic operators. The light-particle and $D$-brane subsystems may each be described by a world-sheet with an external source due to the interaction between them. This perturbs each subsystem away from criticality, which is compensated by dressing with a Liouville field whose zero mode we interpret as time. The resulting evolution equations for the $D$ brane and the closed string are of Fokker-Planck and modified quantum Liouville type, respectively. The apparent entropy of each subsystem increases as a result of the interaction between them, which we interpret as the loss of information resulting from non-observation of the other entangled subsystem. We speculate on the possible implications of these results for the propagation of closed strings through a dilute gas of virtual $D$ branes.

Higher order spin-dependent terms in D0-brane scattering from the matrix model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McArthur, I.N.

1998-01-01

The potential describing long-range interactions between D0-branes contains spin-dependent terms. In the matrix model, these should be reproduced by the one-loop effective action computed in the presence of a non-trivial fermionic background ψ. The v 3 ψ 2 /r 8 term in the effective action has been computed by Kraus and shown to correspond to a spin-orbit interaction between D0-branes, and the ψ 8 /r 11 term in the static potential has been obtained by Barrio et al. In this paper, the v 2 ψ 4 /r 9 term is computing in the matrix model and compared with the corresponding results of Morales et al. obtained using string theoretic methods. The technique employed is adapted to the underlying supersymmetry of the matrix model, and should be useful in the calculation of spin-dependent effects in more general Dp-brane scatterings. (orig.)

Inflation driven by single geometric tachyon with D-brane orbiting around NS5-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kwon, Pyung Seong; Jun, Gyeong Yun; Panigrahi, Kamal L.; Sami, M.

2012-01-01

We investigate models in which inflation is driven by a single geometrical tachyon. We assume that the D-brane as a probe brane in the background of NS5-branes has non-zero angular momentum which is shown to play similar role as the number of the scalar fields of the assisted inflation. We demonstrate that the angular momentum corrected effective potential allows to account for the observational constraint on COBE normalization, spectral index n S and the tensor to scalar ratio of perturbations consistent with WMAP seven years data.

A holographic bound for D3-brane

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Momeni, Davood; Myrzakul, Aizhan; Myrzakulov, Ratbay [Eurasian National University, Eurasian International Center for Theoretical Physics, Astana (Kazakhstan); Eurasian National University, Department of General Theoretical Physics, Astana (Kazakhstan); Faizal, Mir [University of British Columbia-Okanagan, Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences, Kelowna, BC (Canada); University of Lethbridge, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Lethbridge, AB (Canada); Bahamonde, Sebastian [University College London, Department of Mathematics, London (United Kingdom)

2017-06-15

In this paper, we will regularize the holographic entanglement entropy, holographic complexity and fidelity susceptibility for a configuration of D3-branes. We will also study the regularization of the holographic complexity from the action for a configuration of D3-branes. It will be demonstrated that for a spherical shell of D3-branes the regularized holographic complexity is always greater than or equal to the regularized fidelity susceptibility. Furthermore, we will also demonstrate that the regularized holographic complexity is related to the regularized holographic entanglement entropy for this system. Thus, we will obtain a holographic bound involving regularized holographic complexity, regularized holographic entanglement entropy and regularized fidelity susceptibility of a configuration of D3-brane. We will also discuss a bound for regularized holographic complexity from action, for a D3-brane configuration. (orig.)

Dimensional reduction for D3-brane moduli

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cownden, Brad; Frey, Andrew R.; Marsh, M.C. David; Underwood, Bret

2016-01-01

Warped string compactifications are central to many attempts to stabilize moduli and connect string theory with cosmology and particle phenomenology. We present a first-principles derivation of the low-energy 4D effective theory from dimensional reduction of a D3-brane in a warped Calabi-Yau compactification of type IIB string theory with imaginary self-dual 3-form flux, including effects of D3-brane motion beyond the probe approximation, and find the metric on the moduli space of brane positions, the universal volume modulus, and axions descending from the 4-form potential. As D3-branes may be considered as carrying either electric or magnetic charges for the self-dual 5-form field strength, we present calculations in both duality frames. Our results are consistent with, but extend significantly, earlier results on the low-energy effective theory arising from D3-branes in string compactifications.

D-brane probes in the matrix model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferrari, Frank

2014-01-01

Recently, a new approach to large N gauge theories, based on a generalization of the concept of D-brane probes to any gauge field theory, was proposed. In the present note, we compute the probe action in the one matrix model with a quartic potential. This allows to illustrate several non-trivial aspects of the construction in an exactly solvable set-up. One of our main goal is to test the bare bubble approximation. The approximate free energy found in this approximation, which can be derived from a back-of-an-envelope calculation, matches the exact result for all values of the 't Hooft coupling with a surprising accuracy. Another goal is to illustrate the remarkable properties of the equivariant partial gauge-fixing procedure, which is at the heart of the formalism. For this we use a general ξ-gauge to compute the brane action. The action depends on ξ in a very non-trivial way, yet we show explicitly that its critical value does not and coincides with twice the free energy, as required by general consistency. This is made possible by a phenomenon of ghost condensation and the spontaneous breaking of the equivariant BRST symmetry

Stacking non-BPS D-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alberghi, Gian Luigi; Caceres, Elena; Goldstein, Kevin; Lowe, David A. . lowe@het.brown.edu

2001-08-01

We present a candidate supergravity solution for a stacked configuration of stable non-BPS D-branes in Type II string theory compactified on T 4 /Z 2 . This gives a supergravity description of nonabelian tachyon condensation on the brane woldvolume. (author)

Adding a brane to the brane-anti-brane action in BSFT

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jones, Nicholas T.; Henry Tye, S.-H.; Leblond, Louis

2003-01-01

We attempt to generalize the effective action for the D-brane-anti-D-brane system obtained from boundary superstring field theory (BSFT) by adding an extra D-brane to it to obtain a co-variantized action for 2 D-branes and 1 anti-D-brane. We discuss the approximations made to obtain the effective action in closed form. Among other properties, this effective action admits solitonic solutions of co-dimension 2 (vortices) when one of the D-brane is far separated from the brane-anti-brane pair. (author)

M5-brane as a Nambu-Poisson geometry of a multi-D1-brane theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

De Castro, A.; Garcia del Moral, M.P.; Martin, I.; Restuccia, A.

2004-01-01

We introduce a Nambu-Poisson bracket in the geometrical description of the D=11 M5-brane. This procedure allows us, under some assumptions, to eliminate the local degrees of freedom of the antisymmetric field in the M5-brane Hamiltonian and to express it as a D=11 p-brane theory invariant under symplectomorphisms. The explicit expression of the Hamiltonian is obtained. The existence of nontrivial physical configurations annihilating the energy density is shown. Finally, a regularization of the M5-brane in terms of a multi D1-brane theory invariant under the SU(N)xSU(N) group in the limit when N→∞ is constructed

Rolling down the throat in NS5-brane background: the case of electrified D-brane

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakayama, Yu; Takayanagi, Hiromitsu; Panigrahi, Kamal L.; Rey, Soo-Jong

2005-01-01

We study rolling radion dynamics of electrified D-brane in NS5-brane background, both in effective field theory and in full open string theory. We construct exact boundary states and, from them, extract conserved Noether currents. We argue that T-duality and Lorentz boost offer an intuitive approach. In the limit of large number of NS5-branes, both boundary wave functions and conserved currents are sharply peaked and agree with those deduced from the effective field theory. As the number of NS5-branes is reduced, width around the peak becomes wider by string corrections. We also study radiative decay process. By applying Lorentz covariance, we show how the decay of electrified D-brane is related to that of bare D-brane. We compute spectral moments of final state energy and winding quantum number. Using Lorentz covariance argument, we explain in elementary way why winding quantum number should be included and derive rules how to do so. We conclude that Kutasov's 'geometric realization' between radion rolling dynamics and tachyon rolling dynamics holds universally, both for bare and electrified D-branes. (author)

Nonsingular 4d-flat branes in six-dimensional supergravities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nair, V.P.; Randjbar-Daemi, S.

2005-01-01

We show that six-dimensional supergravity models admit nonsingular solutions in the presence of flat three-brane sources with positive tensions. The models studied in this paper involve nonlinear sigma model scalar fields targeted on noncompact manifolds. For the particular solutions of the scalar field equations which we consider, only two brane sources are possible which are positioned at those points where the scalar field densities diverge, without creating a divergence in the Ricci scalar or the total energy. These solutions are invariant under 1/2 of D=6 supersymmetries far away from the branes, which, however, do not integrate to global Killing spinors. Other branes can be introduced by hand by allowing for local deficit angles in the transverse space without generating any kind of curvature singularities. (author)

Supergravity solutions for D-branes in Hpp-wave backgrounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bain, P.; Meessen, P.; Zamaklar, M.

2002-05-01

We derive two families of supergravity solutions describing D-branes in the maximally supersymmetric Hpp-wave background. The first family of solutions corresponds to quarter-BPS D-branes. These solutions are delocalised along certain directions transverse to the pp-wave The second family corresponds to the non-supersymmetric D-branes. These solutions are fully localised. A peculiar feature of the nonsupersymmetric solutions is that gravity becomes repulsive close to the core of the D-brane. Both families preserve the amount of supersymmetry predicted by the D-brane probe/CFT analysis. All solutions are written in Brinkman coordinates. To construct these kind of solutions it is crucial to identify the coordinates in which the ansatz looks the simplest. We argue that the natural coordinates to get the supergravity description of the half-BPS branes are the Rosen coordinates. (author)

4D-flat compactifications with brane vorticities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Randjbar Daemi, S.; Rubakov, V.

2004-07-01

We present solutions in six-dimensional gravity coupled to a sigma model, in the presence of three-brane sources. The space transverse to the branes is a compact non-singular manifold. The example of O(3) sigma model in the presence of two three-branes is worked out in detail. We show that the four-dimensional flatness is obtained with a single condition involving the brane tensions, which are in general different and may be both positive, and another characteristic of the branes, vorticity. We speculate that the adjustment of the effective four- dimensional cosmological constant may occur through the exchange of vorticity between the branes. We then give exact instanton type solutions for sigma models targeted on a general Kaehler manifold, and elaborate in this framework on multi-instantons of the O(3) sigma model. The latter have branes, possibly with vorticities, at the instanton positions, thus generalizing our two-brane solution. (author)

4d-flat compactifications with brane vorticities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Randjbar-Daemi, Seif; Rubakov, Valery

2004-01-01

We present solutions in six-dimensional gravity coupled to a sigma model, in the presence of three-brane sources. The space transverse to the branes is a compact non-singular manifold. The example of O(3) sigma model in the presence of two three-branes is worked out in detail. We show that the four-dimensional flatness is obtained with a single condition involving the brane tensions, which are in general different and may be both positive, and another characteristic of the branes, vorticity. We speculate that the adjustment of the effective four-dimensional cosmological constant may occur through the exchange of vorticity between the branes. We then give exact instanton type solutions for sigma models targeted on a general Kaehler manifold, and elaborate in this framework on multi-instantons of the O(3) sigma model. The latter have branes, possibly with vorticities, at the instanton positions, thus generalizing our two-brane solution. (author)

D-brane disformal coupling and thermal dark matter

Science.gov (United States)

Dutta, Bhaskar; Jimenez, Esteban; Zavala, Ivonne

2017-11-01

Conformal and disformal couplings between a scalar field and matter occur naturally in general scalar-tensor theories. In D-brane models of cosmology and particle physics, these couplings originate from the D-brane action describing the dynamics of its transverse (the scalar) and longitudinal (matter) fluctuations, which are thus coupled. During the post-inflationary regime and before the onset of big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN), these couplings can modify the expansion rate felt by matter, changing the predictions for the thermal relic abundance of dark matter particles and thus the annihilation rate required to satisfy the dark matter content today. We study the D-brane-like conformal and disformal couplings effect on the expansion rate of the Universe prior to BBN and its impact on the dark matter relic abundance and annihilation rate. For a purely disformal coupling, the expansion rate is always enhanced with respect to the standard one. This gives rise to larger cross sections when compared to the standard thermal prediction for a range of dark matter masses, which will be probed by future experiments. In a D-brane-like scenario, the scale at which the expansion rate enhancement occurs depends on the string coupling and the string scale.

More on Probing Branes with Branes

OpenAIRE

Brandhuber, A.; Itzhaki, N.; Sonnenschein, J.; Yankielowicz, S.

1997-01-01

We generalize the Gibbons-Wiltshire solution of four dimensional Kaluza-Klein black holes in order to describe Type IIA solutions of bound states of D6 and D0-branes. We probe the solutions with a D6-brane and a D0-brane. We also probe a system of D2+D0-branes and of a D2-brane bound to a F1-string with a D2-brane. A precise agreement between the SYM and the SUGRA calculations is found for the static force as well as for the $v^2$ force in all cases.

U duality, D-branes, and black hole emission rates: Agreements and disagreements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dowker, F.; Kastor, D.; Traschen, J.

1998-01-01

An expression for the spacetime absorption coefficient of a scalar field in a five-dimensional, near-extremal black hole background is derived, which has the same form as that presented by Maldacena and Strominger, but is valid over a larger, U-duality invariant region of parameter space and in general disagrees with the corresponding D-brane result. We develop an argument, based on D-brane thermodynamics, which specifies the range of parameters over which agreement should be expected. For neutral emission, the spacetime and D-brane results agree over this range. However, for charged emission, we find disagreement in the 'fat black hole' regime, in which charge is quantized in smaller units on the brane than in the bulk of spacetime. We indicate a possible problem with the D-brane model in this regime. We also use the Born approximation to study the high frequency limit of the absorption coefficient and find that it approaches unity, for large black hole backgrounds, at frequencies still below the string scale, again in disagreement with D-brane results. copyright 1998 The American Physical Society

D3-brane shells to black branes on the Coulomb branch

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Giddings, Steven B.; Ross, Simon F.

2000-01-01

We use the AdS-CFT duality to study the special point on the Coulomb branch of N=4 SU(N) gauge theory which corresponds to a spherically symmetric shell of D3-branes. This point is of interest both because the spacetime region inside the shell is flat, and because this configuration gives a very simple example of the transition between D-branes in the perturbative string regime and the nonperturbative regime of black holes. We discuss how this geometry is described in the dual gauge theory, through its effect on the two-point functions and Wilson loops. In the calculation of the two-point function, we stress the importance of absorption by the branes. (c) 1999 The American Physical Society

Collective excitations of massive flavor branes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Georgios Itsios

2016-08-01

Full Text Available We study the intersections of two sets of D-branes of different dimensionalities. This configuration is dual to a supersymmetric gauge theory with flavor hypermultiplets in the fundamental representation of the gauge group which live on the defect of the unflavored theory determined by the directions common to the two types of branes. One set of branes is dual to the color degrees of freedom, while the other set adds flavor to the system. We work in the quenched approximation, i.e., where the flavor branes are considered as probes, and focus specifically on the case in which the quarks are massive. We study the thermodynamics and the speeds of first and zero sound at zero temperature and non-vanishing chemical potential. We show that the system undergoes a quantum phase transition when the chemical potential approaches its minimal value and we obtain the corresponding non-relativistic critical exponents that characterize its critical behavior. In the case of (2+1-dimensional intersections, we further study alternative quantization and the zero sound of the resulting anyonic fluid. We finally extend these results to non-zero temperature and magnetic field and compute the diffusion constant in the hydrodynamic regime. The numerical results we find match the predictions by the Einstein relation.

On D-branes from gauged linear sigma models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Govindarajan, S.; Jayaraman, T.; Sarkar, T.

2001-01-01

We study both A-type and B-type D-branes in the gauged linear sigma model by considering worldsheets with boundary. The boundary conditions on the matter and vector multiplet fields are first considered in the large-volume phase/non-linear sigma model limit of the corresponding Calabi-Yau manifold, where we find that we need to add a contact term on the boundary. These considerations enable to us to derive the boundary conditions in the full gauged linear sigma model, including the addition of the appropriate boundary contact terms, such that these boundary conditions have the correct non-linear sigma model limit. Most of the analysis is for the case of Calabi-Yau manifolds with one Kaehler modulus (including those corresponding to hypersurfaces in weighted projective space), though we comment on possible generalisations

Universal aspects of gravity localized on thick branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Csaki, Csaba; Erlich, Joshua; Hollowood, Timothy J.; Shirman, Yuri

2000-01-01

We study gravity in backgrounds that are smooth generalizations of the Randall-Sundrum model, with and without scalar fields. These generalizations include three-branes in higher dimensional spaces which are not necessarily anti-de Sitter far from the branes, intersecting brane configurations and configurations involving negative tension branes. We show that under certain mild assumptions there is a universal equation for the gravitational fluctuations. We study both the graviton ground state and the continuum of Kaluza-Klein modes and we find that the four-dimensional gravitational mode is localized precisely when the effects of the continuum modes decouple at distances larger than the fundamental Planck scale. The decoupling is contingent only on the long-range behaviour of the metric from the brane and we find a universal form for the corrections to Newton's law. We also comment on the possible contribution of resonant modes. Given this, we find general classes of metrics which maintain localized four-dimensional gravity. We find that three-brane metrics in five dimensions can arise from a single scalar field source, and we rederive the BPS type conditions without any a priori assumptions regarding the form of the scalar potential. We also show that a single scalar field cannot produce conformally-flat locally intersecting brane configurations or a p-brane in greater than (p+2)-dimensions

Chiral vortical effect from the compactified D4-branes with smeared D0-brane charge

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wu, Chao; Chen, Yidian [Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049 (China); Huang, Mei [Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049 (China); University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049 (China); Theoretical Physics Center for Science Facilities, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049 (China)

2017-03-15

By using the boundary derivative expansion formalism of fluid/gravity correspondence, we study the chiral vortical effect from the compactified D4-branes with smeared D0-brane charge. This background corresponds to a strongly coupled, nonconformal relativistic fluid with a conserved vector current. The presence of the chiral vortical effect is induced by the addition of a Chern-Simons term in the bulk action. Except that the non-dissipative anomalous viscous coefficient and the sound speed rely only on the chemical potential, most of the other thermal and hydrodynamical quantities of the first order depend both on the temperature and the chemical potential. According to our result, the way that the chiral vortical effect coefficient depends on the chemical potential seems irrelevant with whether the relativistic fluid is conformal or not. Stability analysis shows that this anomalous relativistic fluid is stable and the doping of the smeared D0-brane charge will slow down the sound speed.

D-brane potentials from multi-trace deformations in AdS/CFT

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bernamonti, Alice; Craps, Ben

2009-01-01

It is known that certain AdS boundary conditions allow smooth initial data to evolve into a big crunch. To study this type of cosmological singularity, one can use the dual quantum field theory, where the non-standard boundary conditions are reflected by the presence of a multi-trace potential unbounded below. For specific AdS 4 and AdS 5 models, we provide a D-brane (or M-brane) interpretation of the unbounded potential. Using probe brane computations, we show that the AdS boundary conditions of interest cause spherical branes to be pushed to the boundary of AdS in finite time, and that the corresponding potential agrees with the multi-trace deformation of the dual field theory. Systems with expanding spherical D3-branes are related to big crunch supergravity solutions by a phenomenon similar to geometric transition.

D-branes in N=2 Liouville theory and its mirror

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Israel, Dan; Pakman, Ari; Troost, Jan

2005-01-01

We study D-branes in the mirror pair N=2 Liouville/supersymmetric SL(2,R)/U(1) coset superconformal field theories. We build D0-, D1- and D2-branes, on the basis of the boundary state construction for the H 3 + conformal field theory. We also construct D0-branes in an orbifold that rotates the angular direction of the cigar. We show how the poles of correlators associated to localized states and bulk interactions naturally decouple in the one-point functions of localized and extended branes. We stress the role played in the analysis of D-brane spectra by primaries in SL(2,R)/U(1) which are descendents of the parent theory

Global D-brane models with stabilised moduli and light axions

Science.gov (United States)

Cicoli, Michele

2014-03-01

We review recent attempts to try to combine global issues of string compactifications, like moduli stabilisation, with local issues, like semi-realistic D-brane constructions. We list the main problems encountered, and outline a possible solution which allows globally consistent embeddings of chiral models. We also argue that this stabilisation mechanism leads to an axiverse. We finally illustrate our general claims in a concrete example where the Calabi-Yau manifold is explicitly described by toric geometry.

D-branes in a big bang/big crunch universe: Misner space

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hikida, Yasuaki; Nayak, Rashmi R.; Panigrahi, Kamal L.

2005-01-01

We study D-branes in a two-dimensional lorentzian orbifold R 1,1 /Γ with a discrete boost Γ. This space is known as Misner or Milne space, and includes big crunch/big bang singularity. In this space, there are D0-branes in spiral orbits and D1-branes with or without flux on them. In particular, we observe imaginary parts of partition functions, and interpret them as the rates of open string pair creation for D0-branes and emission of winding closed strings for D1-branes. These phenomena occur due to the time-dependence of the background. Open string 2→2 scattering amplitude on a D1-brane is also computed and found to be less singular than closed string case

D-branes in a big bang/big crunch universe: Misner space

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hikida, Yasuaki [Theory Group, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801 (Japan); Nayak, Rashmi R. [Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN, Sezione di Roma 2, ' Tor Vergata' , Rome 00133 (Italy); Panigrahi, Kamal L. [Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN, Sezione di Roma 2, ' Tor Vergata' , Rome 00133 (Italy)

2005-09-01

We study D-branes in a two-dimensional lorentzian orbifold R{sup 1,1}/{gamma} with a discrete boost {gamma}. This space is known as Misner or Milne space, and includes big crunch/big bang singularity. In this space, there are D0-branes in spiral orbits and D1-branes with or without flux on them. In particular, we observe imaginary parts of partition functions, and interpret them as the rates of open string pair creation for D0-branes and emission of winding closed strings for D1-branes. These phenomena occur due to the time-dependence of the background. Open string 2{yields}2 scattering amplitude on a D1-brane is also computed and found to be less singular than closed string case.

Soliton models for thick branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Peyravi, Marzieh; Riazi, Nematollah; Lobo, Francisco S.N.

2016-01-01

In this work, we present new soliton solutions for thick branes in 4+1 dimensions. In particular, we consider brane models based on the sine-Gordon (SG), φ 4 and φ 6 scalar fields, which have broken Z 2 symmetry in some cases and are responsible for supporting and stabilizing the thick branes. The origin of the symmetry breaking in these models resides in the fact that the modified scalar field potential may have non-degenerate vacua. These vacua determine the cosmological constant on both sides of the brane. We also study the geodesic equations along the fifth dimension, in order to explore the particle motion in the neighborhood of the brane. Furthermore, we examine the stability of the thick branes, by determining the sign of the w 2 term in the expansion of the potential for the resulting Schroedinger-like equation, where w is the five-dimensional coordinate. It turns out that the φ 4 brane is stable, while there are unstable modes for certain ranges of the model parameters in the SG and φ 6 branes. (orig.)

D0-brane recoil revisited

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Craps, Ben [Theoretische Natuurkunde, Vrije Universiteit Brussel and The International Solvay Institutes, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels (Belgium); Evnin, Oleg [California Institute of Technology 452-48, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States); Nakamura, Shin [Physics Department, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791 (Korea, Republic of)

2006-12-15

One-loop string scattering amplitudes computed using the standard D0-brane conformal field theory (CFT) suffer from infrared divergences associated with recoil. A systematic framework to take recoil into account is the worldline formalism, where fixed boundary conditions are replaced by dynamical D0-brane worldlines. We show that, in the worldline formalism, the divergences that plague the CFT are automatically cancelled in a non-trivial way. The amplitudes derived in the worldline formalism can be reproduced by deforming the CFT with a specific 'recoil operator', which is bilocal and different from the ones previously suggested in the literature.

D-brane propagation in two-dimensional black hole geometries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakayama, Yu; Rey, Soo-Jong; Sugawara, Yuji

2005-01-01

We study propagation of D0-brane in two-dimensional lorentzian black hole backgrounds by the method of boundary conformal field theory of SL(2,R)/U(1) supercoset at level k. Typically, such backgrounds arise as near-horizon geometries of k coincident non-extremal NS5-branes, where 1/k measures curvature of the backgrounds in string unit and hence size of string worldsheet effects. At classical level, string worldsheet effects are suppressed and D0-brane propagation in the lorentzian black hole geometry is simply given by the Wick rotation of D1-brane contour in the euclidean black hole geometry. Taking account of string worldsheet effects, boundary state of the lorentzian D0-brane is formally constructible via Wick rotation from that of the euclidean D1-brane. However, the construction is subject to ambiguities in boundary conditions. We propose exact boundary states describing the D0-brane, and clarify physical interpretations of various boundary states constructed from different boundary conditions. As it falls into the black hole, the D0-brane radiates off to the horizon and to the infinity. From the boundary states constructed, we compute physical observables of such radiative process. We find that part of the radiation to infinity is in effective thermal distribution at the Hawking temperature. We also find that part of the radiation to horizon is in the Hagedorn distribution, dominated by massive, highly non-relativistic closed string states, much like the tachyon matter. Remarkably, such distribution emerges only after string worldsheet effects are taken exactly into account. From these results, we observe that nature of the radiation distribution changes dramatically across the conifold geometry k = 1 (k = 3 for the bosonic case), exposing the 'string - black hole transition' therein

Soliton models for thick branes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Peyravi, Marzieh [Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Department of Physics, School of Sciences, Mashhad (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Riazi, Nematollah [Shahid Beheshti University, Physics Department, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Lobo, Francisco S.N. [Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Astrofisica e Ciencias do Espaco, Lisbon (Portugal)

2016-05-15

In this work, we present new soliton solutions for thick branes in 4+1 dimensions. In particular, we consider brane models based on the sine-Gordon (SG), φ{sup 4} and φ{sup 6} scalar fields, which have broken Z{sub 2} symmetry in some cases and are responsible for supporting and stabilizing the thick branes. The origin of the symmetry breaking in these models resides in the fact that the modified scalar field potential may have non-degenerate vacua. These vacua determine the cosmological constant on both sides of the brane. We also study the geodesic equations along the fifth dimension, in order to explore the particle motion in the neighborhood of the brane. Furthermore, we examine the stability of the thick branes, by determining the sign of the w{sup 2} term in the expansion of the potential for the resulting Schroedinger-like equation, where w is the five-dimensional coordinate. It turns out that the φ{sup 4} brane is stable, while there are unstable modes for certain ranges of the model parameters in the SG and φ{sup 6} branes. (orig.)

On the microcanonical description D-brane thermodynamics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meana, Marco Laucelli; Penalba, Jesus Puente

1999-01-01

We study the microcanonical description of string gases in the presence of D-branes. We obtain exact expressions for the single string density of states and draw the regions in phase space where asymptotic approximations are valid. We are able to describe the whole range of energies including the SYM phase of the D-branes and we remark the importance of the infrared cut-off used in the high energy approximations. With the complete expression we can obtain the density of states of the multiple string gas and study its thermal properties, showing that the Hagedorn temperature is maximum for every system and there is never a phase transition whenever there is thermal contact among the strings attached to different D-branes

D7-brane dynamics and thermalization in the Kuperstein–Sonnenschein model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaviani, Dariush

2017-01-01

We study the temperature of rotating probe D7-branes, dual to the temperature of flavored quarks, in the Kuperstein–Sonnenschein holographic model including the effects of spontaneous breakdown of the conformal and chiral flavor symmetry. The model embeds probe D7-branes into the Klebanov–Witten gravity dual of conformal gauge theory, with the embedding parameter, given by the minimal radial extension of the probe, setting the IR scale of conformal and chiral flavor symmetry breakdown. We show that when the minimal extension is positive definite and additional spin is turned on, the induced world volume metrics on the probe admit thermal horizons and Hawking temperatures despite the absence of black holes in the bulk. We find the scale and behavior of the temperature in flavored quarks are controlled dramatically by the IR scale of symmetry breaking, and by the strength and sort of external fields. We also derive the energy-stress tensor of the rotating probe and study its backreaction and energy dissipation. We show that at the IR scale the backreaction is nonnegligible and find the energy can flow from the probe to the bulk, dual to the energy dissipation from the flavor sector into the gauge theory.

D7-brane dynamics and thermalization in the Kuperstein–Sonnenschein model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kaviani, Dariush, E-mail: dariush@ipm.ir

2017-06-15

We study the temperature of rotating probe D7-branes, dual to the temperature of flavored quarks, in the Kuperstein–Sonnenschein holographic model including the effects of spontaneous breakdown of the conformal and chiral flavor symmetry. The model embeds probe D7-branes into the Klebanov–Witten gravity dual of conformal gauge theory, with the embedding parameter, given by the minimal radial extension of the probe, setting the IR scale of conformal and chiral flavor symmetry breakdown. We show that when the minimal extension is positive definite and additional spin is turned on, the induced world volume metrics on the probe admit thermal horizons and Hawking temperatures despite the absence of black holes in the bulk. We find the scale and behavior of the temperature in flavored quarks are controlled dramatically by the IR scale of symmetry breaking, and by the strength and sort of external fields. We also derive the energy-stress tensor of the rotating probe and study its backreaction and energy dissipation. We show that at the IR scale the backreaction is nonnegligible and find the energy can flow from the probe to the bulk, dual to the energy dissipation from the flavor sector into the gauge theory.

D7-brane dynamics and thermalization in the Kuperstein–Sonnenschein model

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dariush Kaviani

2017-06-01

Full Text Available We study the temperature of rotating probe D7-branes, dual to the temperature of flavored quarks, in the Kuperstein–Sonnenschein holographic model including the effects of spontaneous breakdown of the conformal and chiral flavor symmetry. The model embeds probe D7-branes into the Klebanov–Witten gravity dual of conformal gauge theory, with the embedding parameter, given by the minimal radial extension of the probe, setting the IR scale of conformal and chiral flavor symmetry breakdown. We show that when the minimal extension is positive definite and additional spin is turned on, the induced world volume metrics on the probe admit thermal horizons and Hawking temperatures despite the absence of black holes in the bulk. We find the scale and behavior of the temperature in flavored quarks are controlled dramatically by the IR scale of symmetry breaking, and by the strength and sort of external fields. We also derive the energy-stress tensor of the rotating probe and study its backreaction and energy dissipation. We show that at the IR scale the backreaction is nonnegligible and find the energy can flow from the probe to the bulk, dual to the energy dissipation from the flavor sector into the gauge theory.

Tachyon tube on non BPS D-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huang Wunghong

2004-01-01

We report our searches for a single tubular tachyonic solution of regular profile on unstable non BPS D3-branes. We first show that some extended Dirac-Born-Infeld tachyon actions in which new contributions are added to avoid the Derrick's no-go theorem still could not have a single regular tube solution. Next we use the Minahan-Zwiebach tachyon action to find the regular tube solutions with circular or elliptic cross section. With a critical electric field, the energy of the tube comes entirely from the D0 and strings, while the energy associated to the tubular D2-brane tension is vanishing. We also show that fluctuation spectrum around the tube solution does not contain tachyonic mode. The results are consistent with the identification of the tubular configuration as a BPS D2-brane. (author)

Discrete Torsion, (Anti) de Sitter D4-Brane and Tunneling

Science.gov (United States)

Singh, Abhishek K.; Pandey, P. K.; Singh, Sunita; Kar, Supriya

2014-06-01

We obtain quantum geometries on a vacuum created pair of a (DDbar)3-brane, at a Big Bang singularity, by a local two form on a D4-brane. In fact our analysis is provoked by an established phenomenon leading to a pair creation by a gauge field at a black hole horizon by Stephen Hawking in 1975. Importantly, the five dimensional microscopic black holes are described by an effective non-perturbative curvature underlying a discrete torsion in a second order formalism. In the case for a non-propagating torsion, the effective curvature reduces to Riemannian, which in a low energy limit may describe Einstein vacuum in the formalism. In particular, our analysis suggests that a non-trivial space begin with a hot de Sitter brane-Universe underlying a nucleation of a vacuum pair of (DDbar)-instanton at a Big Bang. A pair of instanton nucleats a D-particle which in turn combines with an anti D-particle to describe a D-string and so on. The nucleation of a pair of higher dimensional pair of brane/anti-brane from a lower dimensional pair may be viewed via an expansion of the brane-Universe upon time. It is in conformity with the conjecture of a branes within a brane presumably in presence of the non-zero modes of two form. Interestingly, we perform a thermal analysis underlying various emergent quantum de Sitter vacua on a D4-brane and argue for the plausible tunneling geometries underlying a thermal equilibrium. It is argued that a de Sitter Schwarzschild undergoes quantum tunneling to an AdS-brane Schwarzschild via Nariai and de Sitter topological black hole.

Discrete Torsion, (Anti) de Sitter D4-Brane and Tunneling

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Singh, Abhishek K.; Pandey, P.K.; Singh, Sunita; Kar, Supriya

2014-01-01

We obtain quantum geometries on a vacuum created pair of a (DD ¯ ) 3 -brane, at a Big Bang singularity, by a local two form on a D 4 -brane. In fact our analysis is provoked by an established phenomenon leading to a pair creation by a gauge field at a black hole horizon by Stephen Hawking in 1975. Importantly, the five dimensional microscopic black holes are described by an effective non-perturbative curvature underlying a discrete torsion in a second order formalism. In the case for a non-propagating torsion, the effective curvature reduces to Riemannian, which in a low energy limit may describe Einstein vacuum in the formalism. In particular, our analysis suggests that a non-trivial space begin with a hot de Sitter brane-Universe underlying a nucleation of a vacuum pair of (DD ¯ )-instanton at a Big Bang. A pair of instanton nucleats a D-particle which in turn combines with an anti D-particle to describe a D-string and so on. The nucleation of a pair of higher dimensional pair of brane/anti-brane from a lower dimensional pair may be viewed via an expansion of the brane-Universe upon time. It is in conformity with the conjecture of a branes within a brane presumably in presence of the non-zero modes of two form. Interestingly, we perform a thermal analysis underlying various emergent quantum de Sitter vacua on a D 4 -brane and argue for the plausible tunneling geometries underlying a thermal equilibrium. It is argued that a de Sitter Schwarzschild undergoes quantum tunneling to an AdS-brane Schwarzschild via Nariai and de Sitter topological black hole

D6-branes and axion monodromy inflation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Escobar, Dagoberto; Landete, Aitor; Marchesano, Fernando [Instituto de Física Teórica UAM-CSIC,Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid (Spain); Regalado, Diego [Max-Planck-Institut für Physik,Föhringer Ring 6, 80805 Munich (Germany); Institute for Theoretical Physics and Center for Extreme Matter and Emergent Phenomena, Utrecht University,Leuvenlaan 4, 3584 CE Utrecht (Netherlands)

2016-03-16

We develop new scenarios of large field inflation in type IIA string compactifications in which the key ingredient is a D6-brane that creates a potential for a B-field axion. The potential has the multi-branched structure typical of F-term axion monodromy models and, near its supersymmetric minima, it is described by a 4d supergravity model of chaotic inflation with a stabiliser field. The same statement applies to the D6-brane Wilson line, which can also be considered as an inflaton candidate. We analyse both cases in the context of type IIA moduli stabilisation, finding an effective potential for the inflaton system and a simple mechanism to lower the inflaton mass with respect to closed string moduli stabilised by fluxes. Finally, we compute the B-field potential for trans-Planckian field values by means of the DBI action. The effect of Planck suppressed corrections is a flattened potential which, in terms of the compactification parameters, interpolates between linear and quadratic inflation. This renders the cosmological parameters of these models compatible with current experimental bounds, with the tensor-to-scalar ratio ranging as 0.08≲r≲0.12.

Hydro-elastic complementarity in black branes at large D

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Emparan, Roberto [ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, E-08010 Barcelona (Spain); Departament de Física Fonamental, Institut de Ciències del Cosmos, Universitat de Barcelona,Martí i Franquès 1, E-08028 Barcelona (Spain); Izumi, Keisuke; Luna, Raimon [Departament de Física Fonamental, Institut de Ciències del Cosmos, Universitat de Barcelona,Martí i Franquès 1, E-08028 Barcelona (Spain); Suzuki, Ryotaku [Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585 (Japan); Tanabe, Kentaro [Theory Center, Institute of Particles and Nuclear Studies, KEK,Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801 (Japan)

2016-06-21

We obtain the effective theory for the non-linear dynamics of black branes — both neutral and charged, in asymptotically flat or Anti-deSitter spacetimes — to leading order in the inverse-dimensional expansion. We find that black branes evolve as viscous fluids, but when they settle down they are more naturally viewed as solutions of an elastic soap-bubble theory. The two views are complementary: the same variable is regarded in one case as the energy density of the fluid, in the other as the deformation of the elastic membrane. The large-D theory captures finite-wavelength phenomena beyond the conventional reach of hydrodynamics. For asymptotically flat charged black branes (either Reissner-Nordstrom or p-brane-charged black branes) it yields the non-linear evolution of the Gregory-Laflamme instability at large D and its endpoint at stable non-uniform black branes. For Reissner-Nordstrom AdS black branes we find that sound perturbations do not propagate (have purely imaginary frequency) when their wavelength is below a certain charge-dependent value. We also study the polarization of black branes induced by an external electric field.

D0-branes in black hole attractors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gaiotto, Davide; Simons, Aaron; Strominger, Andrew; Yin Xi

2006-01-01

Configurations of N probe D0-branes in a Calabi-Yau black hole are studied. A large degeneracy of near-horizon bound states are found which can be described as lowest Landau levels tiling the horizon of the black hole. These states preserve some of the enhanced supersymmetry of the near-horizon AdS 2 x S 2 x CY 3 attractor geometry, but not of the full asymptotically flat solution. Supersymmetric non-abelian configurations are constructed which, via the Myers effect, develop charges associated with higher-dimensional branes wrapping CY 3 cycles. An SU(1,1/2) superconformal quantum mechanics describing D0-branes in the attractor geometry is explicitly constructed

q-deformed oscillators and D-branes on conifold

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Okuyama, Kazumi

2009-01-01

We study the q-deformed oscillator algebra acting on the wavefunctions of non-compact D-branes in the topological string on conifold. We find that the mirror B-model curve of conifold appears from the commutation relation of the q-deformed oscillators

arXiv B-branes and supersymmetric quivers in 2d

CERN Document Server

Closset, Cyril; Sharpe, Eric

2018-02-08

We study 2d $ \\mathcal{N} $ = (0, 2) supersymmetric quiver gauge theories that describe the low-energy dynamics of D1-branes at Calabi-Yau fourfold (CY$_{4}$) singularities. On general grounds, the holomorphic sector of these theories — matter content and (classical) superpotential interactions — should be fully captured by the topological B-model on the CY$_{4}$. By studying a number of examples, we confirm this expectation and flesh out the dictionary between B-brane category and supersymmetric quiver: the matter content of the supersymmetric quiver is encoded in morphisms between B-branes (that is, Ext groups of coherent sheaves), while the superpotential interactions are encoded in the A$_{∞}$ algebra satisfied by the morphisms. This provides us with a derivation of the supersymmetric quiver directly from the CY$_{4}$ geometry. We also suggest a relation between triality of $ \\mathcal{N} $ = (0,2) gauge theories and certain mutations of exceptional collections of sheaves. 0d $ \\mathcal{N} $ = 1 supe...

Brane configurations and 4D field theory dualities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brandhuber, A.; Sonnenschein, J.; Yankielowicz, S.

1997-01-01

We study brane configurations which correspond to field theories in four dimension with N=2 and N=1 supersymmetry. In particular we discuss brane motions that translate to Seiberg's duality in N=1 models recently studied by Elitzur, Giveon and Kutasov. We investigate, using the brane picture, the moduli spaces of the dual theories. Deformations of these models like mass terms and vacuum expectation values of scalar fields can be identified with positions of branes. The map of these deformations between the electric and dual magnetic theories is clarified. The models we study reproduce known field theory results and we provide an example of new dual pairs with N=1 supersymmetry. Possible relations between brane configurations and non-supersymmetric field theories are discussed. (orig.)

D-branes and textures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Everett, L.; Kane, G.L.; King, S.F.

2000-01-01

We examine the flavor structure of the trilinear superpotential couplings which can result from embedding the Standard Model within D-brane sectors in Type IIB orientifold models, which are examples within the Type I string framework. We find in general that the allowed flavor structures of the Yukawa coupling matrices to leading order are given by basic variations on the d emocratic'' texture ansatz. In certain interesting cases, the Yukawa couplings have a novel structure in which a single right-handed fermion couples democratically at leading order to three left-handed fermions. We discuss the viability of such a s ingle right-handed democracy'' in detail; remarkably, even though there are large mixing angles in the u,d sectors separately, the CKM mixing angles are small. The analysis demonstrates the ways in which the Type I superstring framework can provide a rich setting for investigating novel resolutions to the flavor puzzle. (author)

The D-instanton and other supersymmetric D-branes in IIB plane-wave string theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gaberdiel, Matthias R.; Green, Michael B.

2003-01-01

A class of D-branes for the type IIB plane-wave background is considered that preserve half the dynamical supersymmetries of the light-cone gauge. The D-branes of this type are the Euclidean (or instantonic) (0,0), (0,4), and (4,0) branes (where (r,s) denotes a brane oriented with r axes in the first four directions transverse to the +, - light-cone, and s axes in the second four directions). Corresponding Lorentzian D-branes are (+,-;0,0), (+,-;0,4), and (+,-;4,0). These are constructed in two ways. The first uses a boundary state formalism which implements appropriate fermionic gluing conditions and the second is based on a direct quantization of the open strings ending on the branes. In distinction to the D-branes considered earlier these have massless world-volume fermions but do not possess kinematical supersymmetries. Cylinder diagrams describing the overlap between a pair of boundary states displaced by some distance are evaluated. The open-string description of this system involves mode frequencies that are, in general, given by irrational solutions to transcendental equations. The closed-string and open-string descriptions are shown to be equivalent by a nontrivial implementation of the S modular transformation. A classical description of the D-instanton (the (0,0) case) in light-cone gauge is also given

D-brane description of new open string solutions in AdS5

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kluson, J.

2008-01-01

In this Letter we find D-brane descriptions of some of new open string solutions that were found in (0804.3438 [hep-th]). These D5-brane and D3-brane configurations give gravitational dual descriptions of Wilson loops in some particular representations

The bosonic mother of fermionic D-branes

OpenAIRE

Chattaraputi, Auttakit; Englert, Francois; Houart, Laurent; Taormina, Anne

2002-01-01

We extend the search for fermionic subspaces of the bosonic string compactified on E8 X SO(16) lattices to include all fermionic D-branes. This extension constraints the truncation procedure previously proposed and relates the fermionic strings, supersymmetric or not, to the global structure of the SO(16) group. The specific properties of all the fermionic D-branes are found to be encoded in its universal covering, whose maximal toroid defines the configuration space torus of their mother bos...

Statistical anisotropy from vector curvaton in D-brane inflation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dimopoulos, Konstantinos; Wills, Danielle; Zavala, Ivonne

2013-01-01

We investigate the possibility of embedding the vector curvaton paradigm in D-brane models of inflation in type IIB string theory in a simple toy model. The vector curvaton is identified with the U(1) gauge field that lives on the world volume of a D3-brane, which may be stationary or undergoing general motion in the internal space. The dilaton is considered as a spectator field which modulates the evolution of the vector field. In this set-up, the vector curvaton is able to generate measurable statistical anisotropy in the spectrum and bispectrum of the curvature perturbation assuming that the dilaton evolves as e −φ ∝a 2 where a(t) is the scale factor. Our work constitutes a first step towards exploring how such distinctive features may arise from the presence of several light fields that naturally appear in string theory models of cosmology.

Discrete Torsion, (Anti) de Sitter D{sub 4}-Brane and Tunneling

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Singh, Abhishek K.; Pandey, P.K.; Singh, Sunita; Kar, Supriya, E-mail: skkar@physics.du.ac.in

2014-06-15

We obtain quantum geometries on a vacuum created pair of a (DD{sup ¯}){sub 3}-brane, at a Big Bang singularity, by a local two form on a D{sub 4}-brane. In fact our analysis is provoked by an established phenomenon leading to a pair creation by a gauge field at a black hole horizon by Stephen Hawking in 1975. Importantly, the five dimensional microscopic black holes are described by an effective non-perturbative curvature underlying a discrete torsion in a second order formalism. In the case for a non-propagating torsion, the effective curvature reduces to Riemannian, which in a low energy limit may describe Einstein vacuum in the formalism. In particular, our analysis suggests that a non-trivial space begin with a hot de Sitter brane-Universe underlying a nucleation of a vacuum pair of (DD{sup ¯})-instanton at a Big Bang. A pair of instanton nucleats a D-particle which in turn combines with an anti D-particle to describe a D-string and so on. The nucleation of a pair of higher dimensional pair of brane/anti-brane from a lower dimensional pair may be viewed via an expansion of the brane-Universe upon time. It is in conformity with the conjecture of a branes within a brane presumably in presence of the non-zero modes of two form. Interestingly, we perform a thermal analysis underlying various emergent quantum de Sitter vacua on a D{sub 4}-brane and argue for the plausible tunneling geometries underlying a thermal equilibrium. It is argued that a de Sitter Schwarzschild undergoes quantum tunneling to an AdS-brane Schwarzschild via Nariai and de Sitter topological black hole.

Standard 4D gravity on a brane in six-dimensional flux compactifications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Peloso, Marco; Sorbo, Lorenzo; Tasinato, Gianmassimo

2006-01-01

We consider a six-dimensional space-time, in which two of the dimensions are compactified by a flux. Matter can be localized on a codimension one brane coupled to the bulk gauge field and wrapped around an axis of symmetry of the internal space. By studying the linear perturbations around this background, we show that the gravitational interaction between sources on the brane is described by Einstein 4D gravity at large distances. Our model provides a consistent setup for the study of gravity in the rugby (or football) compactification, without having to deal with the complications of a deltalike, codimension two brane. To our knowledge, this is the first complete study of gravity in a realistic brane model with two extra dimensions, in which the mechanism of stabilization of the extra space is fully taken into account

Reheating the D-brane universe via instant preheating

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Panda, Sudhakar; Sami, M.; Thongkool, I.

2010-01-01

We investigate a possibility of reheating in a scenario of D-brane inflation in a warped deformed conifold background which includes perturbative corrections to throat geometry sourced by a chiral operator of dimension 3/2 in the conformal field theory. The effective D-brane potential, in this case, belongs to the class of nonoscillatory models of inflation for which the conventional reheating mechanism does not work. We find that gravitational particle production is inefficient and leads to reheating temperature of the order of 10 8 GeV. We show that instant preheating is quite suitable to the present scenario and can easily reheat the universe to a temperature which is higher by about 3 orders of magnitude than its counterpart associated with gravitational particle production. The reheating temperature is shown to be insensitive to a particular choice of inflationary parameters suitable to observations.

Canonical formulation of IIB D-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kamimura, K.

1998-01-01

We find Wess-Zumino actions for kappa invariant type IIB D-branes in explicit forms. A simple and compact expression is obtained by the use of spinor variables which are defined as power series of differential forms. Using the Wess-Zumino actions we develop the canonical formulation and find the complete set of the constraint equations for generic type IIB Dp-branes. The conserved global supersymmetry charges are determined and the algebra containing the central charges can be obtained explicitly. (orig.)

AdS5 solutions from M5-branes on Riemann surface and D6-branes sources

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bah, Ibrahima [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California,Los Angeles, CA 90089 (United States); Institut de Physique Théorique, CEA/Saclay,91191 Gif-sur-Yvette (France)

2015-09-24

We describe the gravity duals of four-dimensional N=1 superconformal field theories obtained by wrapping M5-branes on a punctured Riemann surface. The internal geometry, normal to the AdS{sub 5} factor, generically preserves two U(1)s, with generators (J{sup +},J{sup −}), that are fibered over the Riemann surface. The metric is governed by a single potential that satisfies a version of the Monge-Ampère equation. The spectrum of N=1 punctures is given by the set of supersymmetric sources of the potential that are localized on the Riemann surface and lead to regular metrics near a puncture. We use this system to study a class of punctures where the geometry near the sources corresponds to M-theory description of D6-branes. These carry a natural (p,q) label associated to the circle dual to the killing vector pJ{sup +}+qJ{sup −} which shrinks near the source. In the generic case the world volume of the D6-branes is AdS{sub 5}×S{sup 2} and they locally preserve N=2 supersymmetry. When p=−q, the shrinking circle is dual to a flavor U(1). The metric in this case is non-degenerate only when there are co-dimension one sources obtained by smearing M5-branes that wrap the AdS{sub 5} factor and the circle dual the superconformal R-symmetry. The D6-branes are extended along the AdS{sub 5} and on cups that end on the co-dimension one branes. In the special case when the shrinking circle is dual to the R-symmetry, the D6-branes are extended along the AdS{sub 5} and wrap an auxiliary Riemann surface with an arbitrary genus. When the Riemann surface is compact with constant curvature, the system is governed by a Monge-Ampère equation.

Coset models and D-branes in group manifolds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Orlando, Domenico

2006-01-01

We conjecture the existence of a duality between heterotic closed strings on homogeneous spaces and symmetry-preserving D-branes on group manifolds, based on the observation about the coincidence of the low-energy field description for the two theories. For the closed string side we also give an explicit proof of a no-renormalization theorem as a consequence of a hidden symmetry and infer that the same property should hold true for the higher order terms of the dbi action

Emergent gravity and noncommutative branes from Yang-Mills matrix models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Steinacker, Harold

2009-01-01

The framework of emergent gravity arising from Yang-Mills matrix models is developed further, for general noncommutative branes embedded in R D . The effective metric on the brane turns out to have a universal form reminiscent of the open string metric, depending on the dynamical Poisson structure and the embedding metric in R D . A covariant form of the tree-level equations of motion is derived, and the Newtonian limit is discussed. This points to the necessity of branes in higher dimensions. The quantization is discussed qualitatively, which singles out the IKKT model as a prime candidate for a quantum theory of gravity coupled to matter. The Planck scale is then identified with the scale of N=4 SUSY breaking. A mechanism for avoiding the cosmological constant problem is exhibited

Spinning and rotating strings for N=1 SYM theory and brane constructions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schvellinger, Martin

2004-01-01

We obtain spinning and rotating closed string solutions in AdS 5 x T 1,1 background, and show how these solutions can be mapped onto rotating closed strings embedded in configurations of intersecting branes in type IIA string theory. Then, we discuss spinning closed string solutions in the UV limit of the Klebanov-Tseytlin background, and also properties of classical solutions in the related intersecting brane constructions in the UV limit. We comment on extensions of this analysis to the deformed conifold background, and in the corresponding intersecting brane construction, as well as its relation to the deep IR limit of the Klebanov-Strassler solution. We briefly discuss on the relation between type IIA brane constructions and their related M-theory descriptions, and how solitonic solutions are related in both descriptions. (author)

Radius stabilization and brane running in the Randall-Sundrum type 1 model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brevik, Iver; Ghoroku, Kazuo; Yahiro, Masanobu

2004-01-01

We study the effective potential of a scalar field based on the 5D gauged supergravity for the Randall-Sundrum type one brane model in terms of the brane running method. The scalar couples to the brane such that the Bogomolnyi-Prasad-Sommerfield conditions are satisfied for the bulk configuration. The resulting effective potential implies that the interbrane distance is undetermined in this case, and we need a small Bogomolnyi-Prasad-Sommerfield breaking term on the brane to stabilize the interbrane distance at a finite length. We also discuss the relationship to the Goldberger-Wise model

New WZW D-branes from the algebra of Wilson loop operators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Monnier, Samuel

2009-01-01

We investigate the algebra generated by the topological Wilson loop operators in WZW models. Wilson loops describe the nontrivial fixed points of the boundary renormalization group flows triggered by Kondo perturbations. Their enveloping algebra therefore encodes all the fixed points which can be reached by sequences of Kondo flows. This algebra is easily described in the case of SU(2), but displays a very rich structure for higher rank groups. In the latter case, its action on known D-branes creates a profusion of new and generically non-rational D-branes. We describe their symmetries and the geometry of their worldvolumes. We briefly explain how to extend these results to coset models.

Extensive numerical study of a D-brane, anti-D-brane system in AdS5/CFT4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hegedűs, Árpád

2015-01-01

In this paper the hybrid-NLIE approach of http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2012)022 is extended to the ground state of a D-brane anti-D-brane system in AdS/CFT. The hybrid-NLIE equations presented in the paper are finite component alternatives of the previously proposed TBA equations and they admit an appropriate framework for the numerical investigation of the ground state of the problem. Straightforward numerical iterative methods fail to converge, thus new numerical methods are worked out to solve the equations. Our numerical data confirm the previous TBA data. In view of the numerical results the mysterious L=1 case is also commented in the paper.

Gravity mediation in 6d brane-world supergravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, H.M.

2005-09-01

We consider the gravity-mediated SUSY breaking within the effective theory of six-dimensional brane-world supergravity. We construct the supersymmetric bulk-brane action by Noether method and find the nontrivial moduli coupling of the brane F- and D-terms. We find that the low energy Kaehler potential is not of sequestered form, so gravity mediation may occur at tree level. In moduli stabilization with anomaly effects included, the scalar soft mass squared can be positive at tree level and it can be comparable to the anomaly mediation. (orig.)

Probing near extremal black holes with D-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maldacena, J.

1998-01-01

We calculate the one loop effective action for D-brane probes moving in the presence of near Bogomol close-quote nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield D-branes. The v 2 term agrees with supergravity in all cases and the static force agrees for a five-dimensional black hole with two large charges. It also agrees qualitatively in all the other cases. We make some comments on the M(atrix) theory interpretation of these results. copyright 1998 The American Physical Society

Holomorphic D7-branes and flavored N=1 gauge theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ouyang, Peter

2004-01-01

We consider D7-branes in the gauge theory/string theory correspondence, using a probe approximation. The D7-branes have four directions embedded holomorphically in a non-compact Calabi-Yau 3-fold (which for specificity we take to be the conifold) and their remaining four directions are parallel to a stack of D3-branes transverse to the Calabi-Yau space. The dual gauge theory, which has N=1 supersymmetry, contains quarks which transform in the fundamental representation of the gauge group, and we identify the interactions of these quarks in terms of a superpotential. By activating three-form fluxes in the gravity background, we obtain a dual gauge theory with a cascade of Seiberg dualities. We find a supersymmetric supergravity solution for the leading backreaction effects of the D7-branes, valid for large radius. The cascading theory with flavors exhibits the interesting phenomenon that the rate of the cascade slows and can stop as the theory flows to the infrared

String creation, D-branes and effective field theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hung Lingyan

2008-01-01

This paper addresses several unsettled issues associated with string creation in systems of orthogonal Dp-D(8-p) branes. The interaction between the branes can be understood either from the closed string or open string picture. In the closed string picture it has been noted that the DBI action fails to capture an extra RR exchange between the branes. We demonstrate how this problem persists upon lifting to M-theory. These D-brane systems are analysed in the closed string picture by using gauge-fixed boundary states in a non-standard lightcone gauge, in which RR exchange can be analysed precisely. The missing piece in the DBI action also manifests itself in the open string picture as a mismatch between the Coleman-Weinberg potential obtained from the effective field theory and the corresponding open string calculation. We show that this difference can be reconciled by taking into account the superghosts in the (0+1) effective theory of the chiral fermion, that arises from gauge fixing the spontaneously broken world-line local supersymmetries

Configurational entropy in brane-world models

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Correa, R.A.C. [CCNH, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo Andre, SP (Brazil); Rocha, Roldao da [CMCC, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo Andre, SP (Brazil); International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste (Italy)

2015-11-15

In this work we investigate the entropic information on thick brane-world scenarios and its consequences. The brane-world entropic information is studied for the sine-Gordon model and hence the brane-world entropic information measure is shown to be an accurate way for providing the most suitable range for the bulk AdS curvature, in particular from the informational content of physical solutions. Besides, the brane-world configurational entropy is employed to demonstrate a high organisational degree in the structure of the configuration of the system, for large values of a parameter of the sine-Gordon model but the one related to the AdS curvature. The Gleiser and Stamatopoulos procedure is finally applied in order to achieve a precise correlation between the energy of the system and the brane-world configurational entropy. (orig.)

Configurational entropy in brane-world models

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Correa, R. A. C., E-mail: fis04132@gmail.com [CCNH, Universidade Federal do ABC, 09210-580, Santo André, SP (Brazil); Rocha, Roldão da, E-mail: roldao.rocha@ufabc.edu.br [CMCC, Universidade Federal do ABC, 09210-580, Santo André, SP (Brazil); International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136, Trieste (Italy)

2015-11-02

In this work we investigate the entropic information on thick brane-world scenarios and its consequences. The brane-world entropic information is studied for the sine-Gordon model and hence the brane-world entropic information measure is shown to be an accurate way for providing the most suitable range for the bulk AdS curvature, in particular from the informational content of physical solutions. Besides, the brane-world configurational entropy is employed to demonstrate a high organisational degree in the structure of the configuration of the system, for large values of a parameter of the sine-Gordon model but the one related to the AdS curvature. The Gleiser and Stamatopoulos procedure is finally applied in order to achieve a precise correlation between the energy of the system and the brane-world configurational entropy.

Configurational entropy in brane-world models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Correa, R. A. C.; Rocha, Roldão da

2015-01-01

In this work we investigate the entropic information on thick brane-world scenarios and its consequences. The brane-world entropic information is studied for the sine-Gordon model and hence the brane-world entropic information measure is shown to be an accurate way for providing the most suitable range for the bulk AdS curvature, in particular from the informational content of physical solutions. Besides, the brane-world configurational entropy is employed to demonstrate a high organisational degree in the structure of the configuration of the system, for large values of a parameter of the sine-Gordon model but the one related to the AdS curvature. The Gleiser and Stamatopoulos procedure is finally applied in order to achieve a precise correlation between the energy of the system and the brane-world configurational entropy

D-branes, orbifolds, and Ext groups

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Katz, Sheldon; Pantev, Tony; Sharpe, Eric

2003-01-01

In this note we extend previous work on massless Ramond spectra of open strings connecting D-branes wrapped on complex manifolds, to consider D-branes wrapped on smooth complex orbifolds. Using standard methods, we calculate the massless boundary Ramond sector spectra directly in BCFT, and find that the states in the spectrum are counted by Ext groups on quotient stacks (which provide a notion of homological algebra relevant for orbifolds). Subtleties that cropped up in our previous work also appear here. We also use the McKay correspondence to relate Ext groups on quotient stacks to Ext groups on (large radius) resolutions of the quotients. As stacks are not commonly used in the physics community, we include pedagogical discussions of some basic relevant properties of stacks

On relating multiple M2 and D2-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gran, U.; Nilsson, B.E.W; Petersson, C.

2008-01-01

Due to the difficulties of finding superconformal Lagrangian theories for multiple M2-branes, we will in this paper instead focus on the field equations. By relaxing the requirement of a Lagrangian formulation we can explore the possibility of having structure constants f ABC D satisfying the fundamental identity but which are not totally antisymmetric. We exemplify this discussion by making use of an explicit choice of a non-antisymmetric f ABC D constructed from the Lie algebra structure constants f ab c of an arbitrary gauge group. Although this choice of f ABC D does not admit an obvious Lagrangian description, it does reproduce the correct SYM theory for a stack of N D2-branes to leading order in g YM -1 upon reduction and, moreover, it sheds new light on the centre of mass coordinates for multiple M2-branes.

Anti-D3 branes and moduli in non-linear supergravity

Science.gov (United States)

Garcia del Moral, Maria P.; Parameswaran, Susha; Quiroz, Norma; Zavala, Ivonne

2017-10-01

Anti-D3 branes and non-perturbative effects in flux compactifications spontaneously break supersymmetry and stabilise moduli in a metastable de Sitter vacua. The low energy 4D effective field theory description for such models would be a supergravity theory with non-linearly realised supersymmetry. Guided by string theory modular symmetry, we compute this non-linear supergravity theory, including dependence on all bulk moduli. Using either a constrained chiral superfield or a constrained vector field, the uplifting contribution to the scalar potential from the anti-D3 brane can be parameterised either as an F-term or Fayet-Iliopoulos D-term. Using again the modular symmetry, we show that 4D non-linear supergravities that descend from string theory have an enhanced protection from quantum corrections by non-renormalisation theorems. The superpotential giving rise to metastable de Sitter vacua is robust against perturbative string-loop and α' corrections.

Branes in Poisson sigma models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Falceto, Fernando

2010-01-01

In this review we discuss possible boundary conditions (branes) for the Poisson sigma model. We show how to carry out the perturbative quantization in the presence of a general pre-Poisson brane and how this is related to the deformation quantization of Poisson structures. We conclude with an open problem: the perturbative quantization of the system when the boundary has several connected components and we use a different pre-Poisson brane in every component.

'Insightful D-branes'

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Horowitz, Gary; /UC, Santa Barbara; Lawrence, Albion; /Brandeis U. /Santa Barbara, KITP; Silverstein, Eva; /SLAC /Stanford U., Phys. Dept. /Santa Barbara, KITP

2010-08-26

We study a simple model of a black hole in AdS and obtain a holographic description of the region inside the horizon. A key role is played by the dynamics of the scalar fields in the dual gauge theory. This leads to a proposal for a dual description of D-branes falling through the horizon of any AdS black hole. The proposal uses a field-dependent time reparameterization in the field theory. We relate this reparametrization to various gauge invariances of the theory. Finally, we speculate on information loss and the black hole singularity in this context.

Supersymmetric codimension-two branes and U(1)R mediation in 6D gauged supergravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Hyun Min

2008-01-01

We construct a consistent supersymmetric action for brane chiral and vector multiplets in a six-dimensional chiral gauged supergravity. A nonzero brane tension can be accommodated by allowing for a brane-localized Fayet-Iliopoulos term proportional to the brane tension. When the brane chiral multiplet is charged under the bulk U(1) R , we obtain a nontrivial coupling to the extra component of the U(1) R gauge field strength and a singular scalar self-interaction term. Dimensionally reducing to 4D on a football supersymmetric solution, we discuss the implication of such interactions for obtaining the U(1) R D-term in the 4D effective supergravity. By assuming the bulk gaugino condensates and nonzero brane F- and/or D-term for the uplifting potential, we have all the moduli stabilized with a vanishing cosmological constant. The brane scalar with nonzero R charge then gets a soft mass of order the gravitino mass. The overall sign of the soft mass squared depends on the sign of the R charge as well as whether the brane F- or D-term dominates.

A proposal for M2-brane-anti-M2-brane action

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Garousi, Mohammad R.

2010-01-01

We propose a manifestly SO(8) invariant BF type Lagrangian for describing the dynamics of M2-brane-anti-M2-brane system in flat spacetime. When one of the scalars which satisfies a free-scalar equation takes a large expectation value, the M2-brane-anti-M2-brane action reduces to the tachyon DBI action of D2-brane-anti-D2-brane system in flat spacetime.

Modified geodetic brane cosmology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cordero, Rubén; Cruz, Miguel; Molgado, Alberto; Rojas, Efraín

2012-01-01

We explore the cosmological implications provided by the geodetic brane gravity action corrected by an extrinsic curvature brane term, describing a codimension-1 brane embedded in a 5D fixed Minkowski spacetime. In the geodetic brane gravity action, we accommodate the correction term through a linear term in the extrinsic curvature swept out by the brane. We study the resulting geodetic-type equation of motion. Within a Friedmann–Robertson–Walker metric, we obtain a generalized Friedmann equation describing the associated cosmological evolution. We observe that, when the radiation-like energy contribution from the extra dimension is vanishing, this effective model leads to a self-(non-self)-accelerated expansion of the brane-like universe in dependence on the nature of the concomitant parameter β associated with the correction, which resembles an analogous behaviour in the DGP brane cosmology. Several possibilities in the description for the cosmic evolution of this model are embodied and characterized by the involved density parameters related in turn to the cosmological constant, the geometry characterizing the model, the introduced β parameter as well as the dark-like energy and the matter content on the brane. (paper)

Chasing brane inflation in string theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krause, Axel; Pajer, Enrico

2008-01-01

We investigate the embedding of brane–antibrane inflation into a concrete type IIB string theory compactification with all moduli fixed. Specifically, we are considering a D3-brane, whose position represents the inflaton φ, in a warped conifold throat in the presence of supersymmetrically embedded D7-branes and an anti-D3-brane localized at the tip of the warped conifold cone. After presenting the moduli stabilization analysis for a general D7-brane embedding, we concentrate on two explicit models, the Ouyang and the Kuperstein embeddings. We analyze whether the forces induced by moduli stabilization and acting on the D3-brane might be canceled by fine-tuning so as to leave us with the original Coulomb attraction of the anti-D3-brane as the driving force for inflation. For a large class of D7-brane embeddings we obtain a negative result. Cancelations are possible only for very small intervals of φ around an inflection point and not globally. For the most part of its motion the inflaton then feels a steep, non-slow-roll potential. We study the inflationary dynamics induced by this potential

Wavefunctions on magnetized branes in the conifold

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abe, Hiroyuki; Oikawa, Akane; Otsuka, Hajime

2016-01-01

We study wavefunctions on D7-branes with magnetic fluxes in the conifold. Since some supersymmetric embeddings of D-branes on the AdS_5×T"1","1 geometry are known, we consider one of the embeddings, especially the spacetime filling D7-branes in which (a part of) the standard model is expected to be realized. The explicit form of induced metric on the D7-branes allows us to solve the Laplace and Dirac equations to evaluate matter wavefunctions in extra dimensions analytically. We find that the zero-mode wavefunctions can be localized depending on the configuration of magnetic fluxes on D7-branes, and show some phenomenological aspects.

On the 3-form formulation of axion potentials from D-brane instantons

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

García-Valdecasas, Eduardo [Instituto de Física Teórica UAM-CSIC,C/Nicolás Cabrera 13-15, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid (Spain); Departamento de Física Teórica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid,Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid (Spain); Uranga, Angel [Instituto de Física Teórica UAM-CSIC,C/Nicolás Cabrera 13-15, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid (Spain)

2017-02-16

The study of axion models and quantum corrections to their potential has experienced great progress by phrasing the axion potential in terms of a 3-form field eating up the 2-form field dual to the axion. Such reformulation of the axion potential has been described for axion monodromy models and for axion potentials from non-perturbative gauge dynamics. In this paper we propose a 3-form description of the axion potentials from non-gauge D-brane instantons. Interestingly, the required 3-form field does not arise in the underlying geometry, but rather shows up in the KK compactification in the generalized geometry obtained when the backreaction of the D-brane instanton is taken into account.

Decoupling limit and throat geometry of non-susy D3 brane

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nayek, Kuntal, E-mail: kuntal.nayek@saha.ac.in; Roy, Shibaji, E-mail: shibaji.roy@saha.ac.in

2017-03-10

Recently it has been shown by us that, like BPS Dp branes, bulk gravity gets decoupled from the brane even for the non-susy Dp branes of type II string theories indicating a possible extension of AdS/CFT correspondence for the non-supersymmetric case. In that work, the decoupling of gravity on the non-susy Dp branes has been shown numerically for the general case as well as analytically for some special case. Here we discuss the decoupling limit and the throat geometry of the non-susy D3 brane when the charge associated with the brane is very large. We show that in the decoupling limit the throat geometry of the non-susy D3 brane, under appropriate coordinate change, reduces to the Constable–Myers solution and thus confirming that this solution is indeed the holographic dual of a (non-gravitational) gauge theory discussed there. We also show that when one of the parameters of the solution takes a specific value, it reduces, under another coordinate change, to the five-dimensional solution obtained by Csaki and Reece, again confirming its gauge theory interpretation.

Newton law on the generalized singular brane with and without 4d induced gravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jung, Eylee; Kim, Sung-Hoon; Park, D.K.

2003-01-01

Newton law arising due to the gravity localized on the general singular brane embedded in AdS 5 bulk is examined in the absence or presence of the 4d induced Einstein term. For the RS brane, apart from the subleading correction, Newton potential obeys 4d- and 5d-type gravitational law at long- and short-ranges if it were not for the induced Einstein term. The 4d induced Einstein term generates an intermediate range at short distance, in which the 5d Newton potential 1/r 2 emerges. For Neumann brane the long-range behavior of Newton potential is exponentially suppressed regardless of the existence of the induced Einstein term. For Dirichlet brane the expression of Newton potential is dependent on the renormalized coupling constant v ren . At particular value of v ren Newton potential on Dirichlet brane exhibits a similar behavior to that on RS brane. For other values the long-range behavior of Newton potential is exponentially suppressed as that in Neumann brane

Branes, anti-branes and Brauer algebras in gauge-gravity duality

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kimura, Yusuke; Ramgoolam, Sanjaye

2007-01-01

We propose gauge theory operators built using a complex Matrix scalar which are dual to brane-anti-brane systems in AdS 5 x S 5 , in the zero coupling limit of the dual Yang-Mills. The branes involved are half-BPS giant gravitons. The proposed operators dual to giant-anti-giant configurations satisfy the appropriate orthogonality properties. Projection operators in Brauer algebras are used to construct the relevant multi-trace Matrix operators. These are related to the 'coupled representations' which appear in 2D Yang-Mills theory. We discuss the implications of these results for the quantum mechanics of a complex matrix model, the counting of non-supersymmetric operators and the physics of brane-anti-brane systems. The stringy exclusion principle known from the properties of half-BPS giant gravitons, has a new incarnation in this context. It involves a qualitative change in the map between brane-anti-brane states to gauge theory operators. In the case of a pair of sphere giant and anti-giant this change occurs when the sum of the magnitudes of their angular momenta reaches N

Prospects of inflation in delicate D-brane cosmology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Panda, Sudhakar; Sami, M.; Tsujikawa, Shinji

2007-01-01

We study D-brane inflation in a warped conifold background that includes brane-position dependent corrections for the nonperturbative superpotential. Instead of stabilizing the volume modulus χ at instantaneous minima of the potential and studying the inflation dynamics with an effective single field (radial distance between a brane and an antibrane) φ, we investigate the multifield inflation scenario involving these two fields. The two-field dynamics with the potential V(φ,χ) in this model is significantly different from the effective single-field description in terms of the field φ when the field χ is integrated out. The latter picture underestimates the total number of e-foldings even by 1 order of magnitude. We show that a correct single-field description is provided by a field ψ obtained from a rotation in the two-field space along the background trajectory. This model can give a large number of e-foldings required to solve flatness and horizon problems at the expense of fine-tunings of model parameters. We also estimate the spectra of density perturbations and show that the slow-roll parameter η ψψ =M pl 2 V ,ψψ /V in terms of the rotated field ψ determines the spectral index of scalar metric perturbations. We find that it is generally difficult to satisfy, simultaneously, both constraints of the spectral index and the cosmic background explorer normalization, while the tensor to scalar ratio is sufficiently small to match with observations

Extensive numerical study of a D-brane, anti-D-brane system in AdS{sub 5}/CFT{sub 4}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hegedűs, Árpád [MTA Lendület Holographic QFT Group, Wigner Research Centre,H-1525 Budapest 114, P.O.B. 49 (Hungary)

2015-04-20

In this paper the hybrid-NLIE approach of http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2012)022 is extended to the ground state of a D-brane anti-D-brane system in AdS/CFT. The hybrid-NLIE equations presented in the paper are finite component alternatives of the previously proposed TBA equations and they admit an appropriate framework for the numerical investigation of the ground state of the problem. Straightforward numerical iterative methods fail to converge, thus new numerical methods are worked out to solve the equations. Our numerical data confirm the previous TBA data. In view of the numerical results the mysterious L=1 case is also commented in the paper.

D-branes in non-critical superstrings and duality in N = 1 gauge theories with flavor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Murthy, S.; Troost, J.

2006-06-01

We study D-branes in the superstring background R 3,1 x SL(2, R) k =1/U(1) which are extended in the cigar direction. Some of these branes are new. The branes realize flavor in the four dimensional N = 1 gauge theories on the D-branes localized at the tip of the cigar. We study the analytic properties of the boundary conformal field theories on these branes with respect to their defining parameter and find non- trivial monodromies in this parameter. Through this approach, we gain a better understanding of the brane set-ups in ten dimensions involving wrapped NS5-branes. As one application, using the boundary conformal field theory description of the electric and magnetic D-branes, we can understand electric-magnetic (Seiberg) duality in N = 1 SQCD microscopically in a string theoretic context. (author)

Fine-tuning with brane-localized flux in 6D supergravity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Niedermann, Florian; Schneider, Robert [Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität,Theresienstraße 37, 80333 Munich (Germany); Excellence Cluster Universe,Boltzmannstraße 2, 85748 Garching (Germany)

2016-02-03

There are claims in the literature that the cosmological constant problem could be solved in a braneworld model with two large (micron-sized) supersymmetric extra dimensions. The mechanism relies on two basic ingredients: first, the cosmological constant only curves the compact bulk geometry into a rugby shape while the 4D curvature stays flat. Second, a brane-localized flux term is introduced in order to circumvent Weinberg’s fine-tuning argument, which otherwise enters here through a backdoor via the flux quantization condition. In this paper, we show that the latter mechanism does not work in the way it was designed: the only localized flux coupling that guarantees a flat on-brane geometry is one which preserves the scale invariance of the bulk theory. Consequently, Weinberg’s argument applies, making a fine-tuning necessary again. The only remaining window of opportunity lies within scale invariance breaking brane couplings, for which the tuning could be avoided. Whether the corresponding 4D curvature could be kept under control and in agreement with the observed value will be answered in our companion paper http://arxiv.org/abs/1512.03800.

Fine-tuning with brane-localized flux in 6D supergravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Niedermann, Florian; Schneider, Robert

2016-01-01

There are claims in the literature that the cosmological constant problem could be solved in a braneworld model with two large (micron-sized) supersymmetric extra dimensions. The mechanism relies on two basic ingredients: first, the cosmological constant only curves the compact bulk geometry into a rugby shape while the 4D curvature stays flat. Second, a brane-localized flux term is introduced in order to circumvent Weinberg’s fine-tuning argument, which otherwise enters here through a backdoor via the flux quantization condition. In this paper, we show that the latter mechanism does not work in the way it was designed: the only localized flux coupling that guarantees a flat on-brane geometry is one which preserves the scale invariance of the bulk theory. Consequently, Weinberg’s argument applies, making a fine-tuning necessary again. The only remaining window of opportunity lies within scale invariance breaking brane couplings, for which the tuning could be avoided. Whether the corresponding 4D curvature could be kept under control and in agreement with the observed value will be answered in our companion paper http://arxiv.org/abs/1512.03800.

Moduli stabilization in higher dimensional brane models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Flachi, Antonino; Pujolas, Oriol; Garriga, Jaume; Tanaka, Takahiro

2003-01-01

We consider a class of warped higher dimensional brane models with topology M x Σ x S 1 /Z 2 , where Σ is a D2 dimensional manifold. Two branes of co-dimension one are embedded in such a bulk space-time and sit at the orbifold fixed points. We concentrate on the case where an exponential warp factor (depending on the distance along the orbifold) accompanies the Minkowski M and the internal space Σ line elements. We evaluate the moduli effective potential induced by bulk scalar fields in these models, and we show that generically this can stabilize the size of the extra dimensions. As an application, we consider a scenario where supersymmetry is broken not far below the cutoff scale, and the hierarchy between the electroweak and the effective Planck scales is generated by a combination of redshift and large volume effects. The latter is efficient due to the shrinking of Σ at the negative tension brane, where matter is placed. In this case, we find that the effective potential can stabilize the size of the extra dimensions (and the hierarchy) without fine tuning, provided that the internal space Σ is flat. (author)

Moduli stabilization in higher dimensional brane models

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Flachi, Antonino; Pujolas, Oriol [IFAE, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona (Spain)]. E-mail: pujolas@ifae.es; Garriga, Jaume [IFAE, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona (Spain); Departament de Fisica Fonamental and C.E.R. en Astrofisica, Fisica de Particules i Cosmologia Universitat de Barcelona, Marti i Franques 1, 08028 Barcelona (Spain); Tanaka, Takahiro [Institute of Cosmology, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford MA 02155 (United States); Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan)

2003-08-01

We consider a class of warped higher dimensional brane models with topology M x {sigma} x S{sup 1}/Z{sub 2}, where {sigma} is a D2 dimensional manifold. Two branes of co-dimension one are embedded in such a bulk space-time and sit at the orbifold fixed points. We concentrate on the case where an exponential warp factor (depending on the distance along the orbifold) accompanies the Minkowski M and the internal space {sigma} line elements. We evaluate the moduli effective potential induced by bulk scalar fields in these models, and we show that generically this can stabilize the size of the extra dimensions. As an application, we consider a scenario where supersymmetry is broken not far below the cutoff scale, and the hierarchy between the electroweak and the effective Planck scales is generated by a combination of redshift and large volume effects. The latter is efficient due to the shrinking of {sigma} at the negative tension brane, where matter is placed. In this case, we find that the effective potential can stabilize the size of the extra dimensions (and the hierarchy) without fine tuning, provided that the internal space {sigma} is flat. (author)

Quantum self-consistency of AdSxΣ brane models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Flachi, Antonino; Pujolas, Oriol

2003-01-01

Continuing our previous work, we consider a class of higher dimensional brane models with the topology of AdS D 1 +1 xΣ, where Σ is a one-parameter compact manifold and two branes of codimension one are located at the orbifold fixed points. We consider a setup where such a solution arises from Einstein-Yang-Mills theory and evaluate the one-loop effective potential induced by gauge fields and by a generic bulk scalar field. We show that this type of brane model resolves the gauge hierarchy between the Planck and electroweak scales through redshift effects due to the warp factor a=e -πkr . The value of a is then fixed by minimizing the effective potential. We find that, as in the Randall-Sundrum case, the gauge field contribution to the effective potential stabilizes the hierarchy without fine-tuning as long as the Laplacian Δ Σ on Σ has a zero eigenvalue. Scalar fields can stabilize the hierarchy depending on the mass and the nonminimal coupling. We also address the quantum self-consistency of the solution, showing that the classical brane solution is not spoiled by quantum effects

Holographic entanglement entropy and entanglement thermodynamics of 'black' non-susy D3 brane

Science.gov (United States)

Bhattacharya, Aranya; Roy, Shibaji

2018-06-01

Like BPS D3 brane, the non-supersymmetric (non-susy) D3 brane of type IIB string theory is also known to have a decoupling limit and leads to a non-supersymmetric AdS/CFT correspondence. The throat geometry in this case represents a QFT which is neither conformal nor supersymmetric. The 'black' version of the non-susy D3 brane in the decoupling limit describes a QFT at finite temperature. Here we first compute the entanglement entropy for small subsystem of such QFT from the decoupled geometry of 'black' non-susy D3 brane using holographic technique. Then we study the entanglement thermodynamics for the weakly excited states of this QFT from the asymptotically AdS geometry of the decoupled 'black' non-susy D3 brane. We observe that for small subsystem this background indeed satisfies a first law like relation with a universal (entanglement) temperature inversely proportional to the size of the subsystem and an (entanglement) pressure normal to the entangling surface. Finally we show how the entanglement entropy makes a cross-over to the thermal entropy at high temperature.

Euclidean D-branes and higher-dimensional gauge theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Acharya, B.S.; Figueroa-O'Farrill, J.M.; Spence, B.; O'Loughlin, M.

1997-07-01

We consider euclidean D-branes wrapping around manifolds of exceptional holonomy in dimensions seven and eight. The resulting theory on the D-brane-that is, the dimensional reduction of 10-dimensional supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory-is a cohomological field theory which describes the topology of the moduli space of instantons. The 7-dimensional theory is an N T =2 (or balanced) cohomological theory given by an action potential of Chern-Simons type. As a by-product of this method, we construct a related cohomological field theory which describes the monopole moduli space on a 7-manifold of G 2 holonomy. (author). 22 refs, 3 tabs

Yang-Mills instantons sitting on a Ricci-flat worldspace of double D4-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Hongsu; Yoon, Yongsung

2001-01-01

Thus far, there seem to be no complete criteria that can settle the issue as to what the correct generalization of the Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) action, describing the low-energy dynamics of the D-branes, to the non-Abelian case would be. According to recent suggestions, one might pass the issue of worldvolume solitons from an Abelian to non-Abelian setting by considering the stack of multiple, coincident D-branes and use it as a guideline to construct or censor the relevant non-Abelian version of the DBI action. In this spirit, here we are interested in the explicit construction of SU(2) Yang-Mills (YM) instanton solutions in the background geometry of two coincident probe D4-brane worldspaces, particularly when the metric of the target spacetime in which the probe branes are embedded is given by the Ricci-flat, magnetic extremal 4-brane solution in type IIA supergravity theory with its worldspace metric being given by that of TaubendashNewman-Unti-Tamburino (NUT) and Eguchi-Hanson solutions, the two best-known gravitational instantons. Then we demonstrate that, with this YM instanton-gravitational instanton configuration on the probe D4-brane worldvolume, the energy of the probe branes attains its minimum value and hence enjoys a stable state provided one employs Tseytlin's non-Abelian DBI action for the description of multiple probe D-branes. In this way, we support the arguments in the literature in favor of Tseytlin's proposal for the non-Abelian DBI action

D-branes at toric singularities: model building, Yukawa couplings and flavour physics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krippendorf, Sven; Dolan, Matthew J.; Maharana, Anshuman; Quevedo, Fernando

2010-02-01

We discuss general properties of D-brane model building at toric singularities. Using dimer techniques to obtain the gauge theory from the structure of the singularity, we extract results on the matter sector and superpotential of the corresponding gauge theory. We show that the number of families in toric phases is always less than or equal to three, with a unique exception being the zeroth Hirzebruch surface. With the physical input of three generations we find that the lightest family of quarks is massless and the masses of the other two can be hierarchically separated. We compute the CKM matrix for explicit models in this setting and find the singularities possess sufficient structure to allow for realistic mixing between generations and CP violation. (author)

Micro-orbits in a many-brane model and deviations from Newton's 1/r^2 law

Science.gov (United States)

Donini, A.; Marimón, S. G.

2016-12-01

We consider a five-dimensional model with geometry M = M_4 × S_1, with compactification radius R. The Standard Model particles are localized on a brane located at y=0, with identical branes localized at different points in the extra dimension. Objects located on our brane can orbit around objects located on a brane at a distance d=y/R, with an orbit and a period significantly different from the standard Newtonian ones. We study the kinematical properties of the orbits, finding that it is possible to distinguish one motion from the other in a large region of the initial conditions parameter space. This is a warm-up to study if a SM-like mass distribution on one (or more) distant brane(s) may represent a possible dark matter candidate. After using the same technique to the study of orbits of objects lying on the same brane (d=0), we apply this method to the detection of generic deviations from the inverse-square Newton law. We propose a possible experimental setup to look for departures from Newtonian motion in the micro-world, finding that an order of magnitude improvement on present bounds can be attained at the 95% CL under reasonable assumptions.

Micro-orbits in a many-brane model and deviations from Newton's 1/r"2 law

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Donini, A.; Marimon, S.G.

2016-01-01

We consider a five-dimensional model with geometry M = M_4 x S_1, with compactification radius R. The Standard Model particles are localized on a brane located at y = 0, with identical branes localized at different points in the extra dimension. Objects located on our brane can orbit around objects located on a brane at a distance d = y/R, with an orbit and a period significantly different from the standard Newtonian ones. We study the kinematical properties of the orbits, finding that it is possible to distinguish one motion from the other in a large region of the initial conditions parameter space. This is a warm-up to study if a SM-like mass distribution on one (or more) distant brane(s) may represent a possible dark matter candidate. After using the same technique to the study of orbits of objects lying on the same brane (d = 0), we apply this method to the detection of generic deviations from the inverse-square Newton law. We propose a possible experimental setup to look for departures from Newtonian motion in the micro-world, finding that an order of magnitude improvement on present bounds can be attained at the 95% CL under reasonable assumptions. (orig.)

Mirror symmetry, D-brane superpotentials and Ooguri-Vafa invariants of Calabi-Yau manifolds

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Shan-Shan; Yang, Fu-Zhong

2015-12-01

The D-brane superpotential is very important in the low energy effective theory. As the generating function of all disk instantons from the worldsheet point of view, it plays a crucial role in deriving some important properties of the compact Calabi-Yau manifolds. By using the generalized GKZ hypergeometric system, we will calculate the D-brane superpotentials of two non-Fermat type compact Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces in toric varieties, respectively. Then according to the mirror symmetry, we obtain the A-model superpotentials and the Ooguri-Vafa invariants for the mirror Calabi-Yau manifolds. Supported by Y4JT01VJ01 and NSFC(11475178)

The N=1 effective actions of D-branes in Type IIA and IIB orientifolds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grimm, Thomas W.; Vieira Lopes, Daniel

2012-01-01

We discuss the four-dimensional N=1 effective actions of single space-time filling Dp-branes in general Type IIA and Type IIB Calabi-Yau orientifold compactifications. The effective actions depend on an infinite number of normal deformations and gauge connection modes. For D6-branes the N=1 Kähler potential, the gauge-coupling function, the superpotential and the D-terms are determined as functions of these fields. They can be expressed as integrals over chains which end on the D-brane cycle and a reference cycle. The infinite deformation space will reduce to a finite dimensional moduli space of special Lagrangian submanifolds upon imposing F- and D-term supersymmetry conditions. We show that the Type IIA moduli space geometry is captured by three real functionals encoding the deformations of special Lagrangian submanifolds, holomorphic three-forms and Kähler two-forms of Calabi-Yau manifolds. These elegantly combine in the N=1 Kähler potential, which reduces after applying mirror symmetry to the results previously determined for space-time filling D3-, D5- and D7-branes. We also propose general chain integral expressions for the Kähler potentials of Type IIB D-branes.

Penrose limits, pp waves, and deformed M2-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cvetic, M.; Lue, H.; Pope, C.N.

2004-01-01

Motivated by the recent discussions of the Penrose limit of AdS 5 xS 5 , we examine a more general class of supersymmetric pp-wave solutions of the type IIB theory, with a larger number of nonvanishing structures in the self-dual 5-form. One of the pp-wave solutions can be obtained as a Penrose limit of a D3-D3 intersection. In addition to 16 standard supersymmetries these backgrounds always allow for supernumerary supersymmetries. The latter are in one-to-one correspondence with the linearly realized world-sheet supersymmetries of the corresponding exactly solvable type IIB string action. The pp-waves provide new examples where supersymmetries will survive in a T-duality transformation on the x + coordinate. The T-dual solutions can be lifted to give supersymmetric deformed M2-branes in D=11. The deformed M2-brane is dual to a three-dimensional field theory whose renormalization group flow runs from the conformal fixed point in the infrared regime to a nonconformal theory as the energy increases. At a certain intermediate energy scale there is a phase transition associated with a naked singularity of the M2-brane. In the ultraviolet limit the theory is related by T duality to an exactly solvable massive type IIB string theory

Delocalization of brane gravity by a bulk black hole

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seahra, Sanjeev S; Clarkson, Chris; Maartens, Roy

2005-01-01

We investigate the analogue of the Randall-Sundrum braneworld in the case when the bulk contains a black hole. Instead of the static vacuum Minkowski brane of the RS model, we have an Einstein static vacuum brane. We find that the presence of the bulk black hole has a dramatic effect on the gravity that is felt by brane observers. In the RS model, the 5D graviton has a stable localized zero mode that reproduces 4D gravity on the brane at low energies. With a bulk black hole, there is no such solution-gravity is delocalized by the 5D horizon. However, the brane does support a discrete spectrum of metastable massive bound states, or quasinormal modes, as was recently shown to be the case in the RS scenario. These states should dominate the high frequency component of the bulk gravity wave spectrum on a cosmological brane. We expect our results to generalize to any bulk spacetime containing a Killing horizon. (letter to the editor)

Interaction of D0-brane bound states and Ramond-Ramond photons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fatollahi, Amir H.

2002-01-01

We consider the problem of the interaction between a D0-brane bound state and one-form Ramond-Ramond (RR) photons using the world-line theory. Based on the fact that in the world-line theory the RR gauge fields depend on the matrix coordinates of D0-branes, the gauge fields also appear as matrices in the formulation. At the classical level, we derive the Lorentz-like equations of motion for D0-branes, and it is observed that the center of mass is colorless with respect to the SU(N) sector of the background. Using the path integral method, the perturbation theory for the interaction between the bound state and the RR background is developed. Qualitative considerations show that the possibility of the existence of a map between the world-line theory and the non-Abelian gauge theory is very considerable

Goldberger-Wise variations: stabilizing brane models with a bulk scalar

CERN Document Server

Sorbo, L; Lesgourgues, Julien; Sorbo, Lorenzo

2004-01-01

Braneworld scenarios with compact extra-dimensions need the volume of the extra space to be stabilized. Goldberger and Wise have introduced a simple mechanism, based on the presence of a bulk scalar field, able to stabilize the radius of the Randall-Sundrum model. Here, we transpose the same mechanism to generic single-brane and two-brane models, with one extra dimension and arbitrary scalar potentials in the bulk and on the branes. The single-brane construction turns out to be always unstable, independently of the bulk and brane potentials. In the case of two branes, we derive some generic criteria ensuring the stabilization or destabilization of the system.

Goldberger-Wise variations: Stabilizing brane models with a bulk scalar

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lesgourgues, Julien; Sorbo, Lorenzo

2004-01-01

Braneworld scenarios with compact extra dimensions need the volume of the extra space to be stabilized. Goldberger and Wise have introduced a simple mechanism, based on the presence of a bulk scalar field, able to stabilize the radius of the Randall-Sundrum model. Here, we transpose the same mechanism to generic single-brane and two-brane models, with one extra dimension and arbitrary scalar potentials in the bulk and on the branes. The single-brane construction turns out to be always unstable, independently of the bulk and brane potentials. In the case of two branes, we derive some generic criteria ensuring the stabilization or destabilization of the system

Dynamical Formation of Horizons in Recoiling D Branes

CERN Document Server

Ellis, Jonathan Richard; Nanopoulos, Dimitri V; Ellis, John

2000-01-01

A toy calculation of string/D-particle interactions within a world-sheet approach indicates that quantum recoil effects - reflecting the gravitational back-reaction on space-time foam due to the propagation of energetic particles - induces the appearance of a microscopic event horizon, or `bubble', inside which stable matter can exist. The scattering event causes this horizon to expand, but we expect quantum effects to cause it to contract again, in a `bounce' solution. Within such `bubbles', massless matter propagates with an effective velocity that is less than the velocity of light in vacuo, which may lead to observable violations of Lorentz symmetry that may be tested experimentally. The conformal invariance conditions in the interior geometry of the bubbles select preferentially three for the number of the spatial dimensions, corresponding to a consistent formulation of the interaction of D3 branes with recoiling D particles, which are allowed to fluctuate independently only on the D3-brane hypersurface.

D-brane solutions under market panic

Science.gov (United States)

Pincak, Richard

The relativistic quantum mechanic approach is used to develop stock market dynamics. The relativistic is conceptional here as the meaning of big external volatility or volatility shock on a financial market. We used a differential geometry approach with the parallel transport of prices to obtain a direct shift of the stock price movement. The prices are represented here as electrons with different spin orientation. Up and down orientations of the spin particle are likened here to an increase or a decrease of stock prices. The parallel transport of stock prices is enriched by Riemann curvature, which describes some arbitrage opportunities in the market. To solve the stock-price dynamics, we used the Dirac equation for bispinors on the spherical brane-world. We found out that when a spherical brane is abbreviated to the disk on the equator, we converge to the ideal behavior of financial market where Black-Scholes as well as semi-classical equations are sufficient. Full spherical brane-world scenarios can describe non-equilibrium market behavior where all arbitrage opportunities as well as transaction costs are taken into account. Real application of the model to the option pricing was done. The model developed in this paper brings quantitative different results of option pricing dynamics in the case of nonzero Riemann curvature.

Realistic D-brane models on warped throats: Fluxes, hierarchies and moduli stabilization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cascales, J.F.G.; Garcia del Moral, M.P.; Quevedo, F.; Uranga, A.

2004-01-01

We describe the construction of string theory models with semirealistic spectrum in a sector of (anti) D3-branes located at an orbifold singularity at the bottom of a highly warped throat geometry, which is a generalisation of the Klebanov-Strassler deformed conifold. These models realise the Randall-Sundrum proposal to naturally generate the Planck/electroweak hierarchy in a concrete string theory embedding, and yielding interesting chiral open string spectra. We describe examples with Standard Model gauge group (or left-right symmetric extensions) and three families of SM fermions, with correct quantum numbers including hypercharge. The dilaton and complex structure moduli of the geometry are stabilised by the 3-form fluxes required to build the throat. We describe diverse issues concerning the stabilisation of geometric Kahler moduli, like blow-up modes of the orbifold singularities, via D term potentials and gauge theory non-perturbative effects, like gaugino condensation. This local geometry, once embedded in a full compactification, could give rise to models with all moduli stabilised, and with the potential to lead to de Sitter vacua. Issues of gauge unification, proton stability, supersymmetry breaking and Yukawa couplings are also discussed. (author)

Near-horizon brane-scan revived

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Duff, M.J.

2009-01-01

In 1987 two versions of the brane-scan of D-dimensional super p-branes were put forward. The first pinpointed those (p,D) slots consistent with kappa-symmetric Green-Schwarz type actions; the second generalized the membrane at the end of the universe idea to all those superconformal groups describing p-branes on the boundary of AdS p+2 xS D-p-2 . Although the second version predicted D3- and M5-branes in addition to those of the first, it came unstuck because the 1/2 BPS solitonic branes failed to exhibit the required symmetry enhancement in the near-horizon limit, except in the non-dilatonic cases (p=2,D=11), (p=3,D=10) and (p=5,D=11). Just recently, however, it has been argued that the fundamental D=10 heterotic string does indeed display a near-horizon enhancement to OSp(8|2) as predicted by the brane-scan, provided α' corrections are taken into account. If this logic could be extended to the other strings and branes, it would resolve this 21-year-old paradox and provide a wealth of new AdS/CFT dualities, which we tabulate

Electromagnetic dipole radiation of oscillating D-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Savvidy, G.K.

2000-01-01

I emphasize analogy between Dp-branes in string theories and solitons in gauge theories comparing their common properties and showing differences. In string theory we do not have the full set of equations which define the theory in all orders of coupling constant as it was in gauge theories, nevertheless such solutions have been found as solutions of low energy superstring effective action carrying the RR charges. The existence of dynamical RR charged extended objects in string theory has been deduced also by considering string theory with mixed boundary conditions, when type II closed superstring theory is enriched by open strings with Neumann boundary conditions on p + 1 directions and Dirichlet conditions on the remaining 9-p transverse directions. We will show that for certain excitations of the string/D3-brane system Neumann boundary conditions emerge from the Born-Infeld dynamics. Here the excitations which are coming down the string with a polarization along a direction parallel to the brane are almost completely reflected just as in the case of all-normal Dirichlet excitations considered by Callan and Maldacena, but now the end of the string moves freely on the 3-brane realizing Polchinski's open string Neumann boundary condition dynamically. In the low energy limit ω → 0, i.e. for wavelengths much larger than the string scale only a small fraction ∼ ω 4 of the energy escapes in the form of dipole radiation. The physical interpretation is that a string attached to the 3-brane manifests itself as an electric charge, and waves on the string cause the end point of the string to freely oscillate and produce e.m. dipole radiation in the asymptotic outer region. The magnitude of emitted power is in fact exactly equal to the one given by Thomson formula in electrodynamics

Simplifying superstring and D-brane actions in AdS4 x CP3 superbackground

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grassi, Pietro Antonio; Sorokin, Dmitri; Wulff, Linus

2009-01-01

By making an appropriate choice for gauge fixing kappa-symmetry we obtain a relatively simple form of the actions for a D = 11 superparticle in AdS 4 x S 7 /Z k , and for a D0-brane, fundamental string and D2-branes in the AdS 4 x CP 3 superbackground. They can be used to study various problems of string theory and the AdS 4 /CFT 3 correspondence, especially in regions of the theory which are not reachable by the OSp(6|4)/U(3) x SO(1,3) supercoset sigma-model. In particular, we present a simple form of the gauge-fixed superstring action in AdS 4 x CP 3 and briefly discuss issues of its T-dualization.

Intersection spaces, spatial homology truncation, and string theory

CERN Document Server

Banagl, Markus

2010-01-01

Intersection cohomology assigns groups which satisfy a generalized form of Poincaré duality over the rationals to a stratified singular space. The present monograph introduces a method that assigns to certain classes of stratified spaces cell complexes, called intersection spaces, whose ordinary rational homology satisfies generalized Poincaré duality. The cornerstone of the method is a process of spatial homology truncation, whose functoriality properties are analyzed in detail. The material on truncation is autonomous and may be of independent interest to homotopy theorists. The cohomology of intersection spaces is not isomorphic to intersection cohomology and possesses algebraic features such as perversity-internal cup-products and cohomology operations that are not generally available for intersection cohomology. A mirror-symmetric interpretation, as well as applications to string theory concerning massless D-branes arising in type IIB theory during a Calabi-Yau conifold transition, are discussed.

Randall-Sundrum model with λ<0 and bulk brane viscosity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lepe, Samuel; Pena, Francisco; Saavedra, Joel

2008-01-01

We study the effect of the inclusion of bulk brane viscosity on brane world (BW) cosmology in the framework of the Eckart's theory, we focus in the Randall-Sundrum model with negative tension on the brane

T-branes and α{sup ′}-corrections

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Marchesano, Fernando; Schwieger, Sebastian [Instituto de Física Teórica UAM-CSIC,Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid (Spain)

2016-11-21

We study α’-corrections in multiple D7-brane configurations with non-commuting profiles for their transverse position fields. We focus on T-brane systems, crucial in F-theory GUT model building. There α{sup ′}-corrections modify the D-term piece of the BPS equations which, already at leading order, require a non-primitive Abelian worldvolume flux background. We find that α{sup ′}-corrections may either i) leave this flux background invariant, ii) modify the Abelian non-primitive flux profile, or iii) deform it to a non-Abelian profile. The last case typically occurs when primitive fluxes, a necessary ingredient to build 4d chiral models, are added to the system. We illustrate these three cases by solving the α{sup ′}-corrected D-term equations in explicit examples, and describe their appearance in more general T-brane backgrounds. Finally, we discuss implications of our findings for F-theory GUT local models.

Origami World

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaloper, Nemanja

2004-01-01

We construct the solutions correspond to intersections of 4-branes on a 3-brane in AdS6 with Minkowski, de Sitter and Anti-de Sitter geometries intrinsic to the 3-brane. The Minkowski and de Sitter solutions localize gravity to the intersection, leading to 4D Newtonian gravity at large distances. The effective 4D Planck scale depends on the square of the fundamental 6D Planck scale, the AdS6 radius and the angles between the 4-branes and the radial AdS direction. We comment on the early universe cosmology of such models. Finally we describe how to generalize these solutions to the case of AdS4+n, n > 2, where n n + 2-branes intersect on a 3-brane

Randall-Sundrum model with {lambda}<0 and bulk brane viscosity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lepe, Samuel [Instituto de Fisica, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Casilla 4950, Valparaiso (Chile); Pena, Francisco [Departamento de Ciencias Fisicas, Facultad de Ingenieria, Ciencias y Administracion, Universidad de la Frontera, Avda. Francisco Salazar 01145, Casilla 54-D, Temuco (Chile); Saavedra, Joel [Instituto de Fisica, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Casilla 4950, Valparaiso (Chile)], E-mail: joel.saavedra@ucv.cl

2008-04-17

We study the effect of the inclusion of bulk brane viscosity on brane world (BW) cosmology in the framework of the Eckart's theory, we focus in the Randall-Sundrum model with negative tension on the brane.

Simple inflationary models in Gauss–Bonnet brane-world cosmology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Okada, Nobuchika; Okada, Satomi

2016-01-01

In light of the recent Planck 2015 results for the measurement of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy, we study simple inflationary models in the context of the Gauss–Bonnet (GB) brane-world cosmology. The brane-world cosmological effect modifies the power spectra of scalar and tensor perturbations generated by inflation and causes a dramatic change for the inflationary predictions of the spectral index ( n s ) and the tensor-to-scalar ratio ( r ) from those obtained in the standard cosmology. In particular, the predicted r values in the inflationary models favored by the Planck 2015 results are suppressed due to the GB brane-world cosmological effect, which is in sharp contrast with inflationary scenario in the Randall–Sundrum brane-world cosmology, where the r values are enhanced. Hence, these two brane-world cosmological scenarios are distinguishable. With the dramatic change of the inflationary predictions, the inflationary scenario in the GB brane-world cosmology can be tested by more precise measurements of n s and future observations of the CMB B -mode polarization. (paper)

Non-BPS D-branes in light-cone Green-Schwarz formalism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mukhopadhyay, Partha

2005-01-01

Non-BPS D-branes are difficult to describe covariantly in a manifestly supersymmetric formalism. For definiteness we concentrate on type-IIB string theory in flat background in light-cone Green-Schwarz formalism. We study both the boundary state and the boundary conformal field theory descriptions of these D-branes with manifest SO(8) covariance and go through various consistency checks. We analyze Sen's original construction of non-BPS D-branes given in terms of an orbifold boundary conformal field theory. We also directly study the relevant world-sheet theory by deriving the open string boundary condition from the covariant boundary state. Both these methods give the same open string spectrum which is consistent with the boundary state, as required by the world-sheet duality. The boundary condition found in the second method is given in terms of bi-local fields that are quadratic in Green-Schwarz fermions. We design a special 'doubling trick' suitable to handle such boundary conditions and prescribe rules for computing all possible correlation functions without boundary insertions. This prescription has been tested by computing disk one-point functions of several classes of closed string states and comparing the results with the boundary state computation. (author)

An N = 2 worldsheet approach to D-branes in bihermitian geometries: I. Chiral and twisted chiral fields

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sevrin, Alexander; Staessens, Wieland; Wijns, Alexander

2008-01-01

We investigate N = (2, 2) supersymmetric nonlinear σ-models in the presence of a boundary. We restrict our attention to the case where the bulk geometry is described by chiral and twisted chiral superfields corresponding to a bihermitian bulk geometry with two commuting complex structures. The D-brane configurations preserving an N = 2 worldsheet supersymmetry are identified. Duality transformations interchanging chiral for twisted chiral fields and vice versa while preserving all supersymmetries are explicitly constructed. We illustrate our results with various explicit examples such as the WZW-model on the Hopf surface S 3 x S 1 . The duality transformations provide e.g new examples of coisotropic A-branes on Kaehler manifolds (which are not necessarily hyper-Kaehler). Finally, by dualizing a chiral and a twisted chiral field to a semi-chiral multiplet, we initiate the study of D-branes in bihermitian geometries where the cokernel of the commutator of the complex structures is non-empty.

The scales of brane nucleation processes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alwis, S.P. de

2007-01-01

The scales associated with Brown-Teitelboim-Bousso-Polchinski processes of brane nucleation, which result in changes of the flux parameters and the number of D-branes, are discussed in the context of type IIB models with all moduli stabilized. It is argued that such processes are unlikely to be described by effective field theory

Effective action and brane running

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brevik, Iver; Ghoroku, Kazuo; Yahiro, Masanobu

2004-01-01

We address the renormalized effective action for a Randall-Sundrum brane running in 5D bulk space. The running behavior of the brane action is obtained by shifting the brane position without changing the background and fluctuations. After an appropriate renormalization, we obtain an effective, low energy brane world action, in which the effective 4D Planck mass is independent of the running position. We address some implications for this effective action

Towards an M5-brane model I: A 6d superconformal field theory

Science.gov (United States)

Sämann, Christian; Schmidt, Lennart

2018-04-01

We present an action for a six-dimensional superconformal field theory containing a non-abelian tensor multiplet. All of the ingredients of this action have been available in the literature. We bring these pieces together by choosing the string Lie 2-algebra as a gauge structure, which we motivated in previous work. The kinematical data contains a connection on a categorified principal bundle, which is the appropriate mathematical description of the parallel transport of self-dual strings. Our action can be written down for each of the simply laced Dynkin diagrams, and each case reduces to a four-dimensional supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with corresponding gauge Lie algebra. Our action also reduces nicely to an M2-brane model which is a deformation of the Aharony-Bergman-Jafferis-Maldacena (ABJM) model. While this action is certainly not the desired M5-brane model, we regard it as a key stepping stone towards a potential construction of the (2, 0)-theory.

D-branes in a non-critical superstrings and minimal super Yang-Mills in various dimensions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ashok, S.K.; Murthy, S.; Troost, J.

2005-11-01

We construct and analyze D-branes in superstring theories in even dimensions less than ten. The backgrounds under study are supersymmetric R d-1,1 x SL(2,R) k /U(1) where the level of the supercoset is tuned such as to provide bona fide string theory backgrounds. We provide exact boundary states for D-branes that are localized at the tip of the cigar SL(2,R)/U(1) supercoset conformal field theory. We analyze the spectra of open strings on these D-branes and show explicitly that they are consistent with supersymmetry in d = 2,4 and 6. The low energy theory on the world-volume of the D-brane in each case is pure Yang-Mills theory with minimal supersymmetry. In the case with four macroscopic flat directions d = 4, we realize an N = 1 super Yang-Mills theory, and we interpret the backreaction for the dilaton as the running of the gauge coupling, and study the relation between R-symmetry breaking in the gauge theory and the backreaction on the Rr axion. (author)

Wess-Zumino terms for AdS D-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hatsuda, Machiko; Kamimura, Kiyoshi

2004-01-01

We show that Wess-Zumino terms for Dp branes with p>0 in the anti-de Sitter (AdS) space are given in terms of 'left-invariant' currents on the super-AdS group or the 'expanded' super-AdS group. As a result there is no topological extension of the super-AdS algebra. In the flat limit the global Lorentz rotational charges of the AdS space turn out to be brane charges of the supertranslation algebra representing the BPS mass. We also show that a D-instanton is described by the GL(1) degree of freedom in the Roiban-Siegel formalism based on the GL(4 vertical bar 4)/[Sp(4)xGL(1)]2 coset

Emergence and expansion of cosmic space as due to M0-branes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sepehri, Alireza [Shahid Bahonar University, Faculty of Physics, Kerman (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Research Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics of Maragha (RIAAM), Maragha (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Setare, Mohammad Reza [University of Kurdistan, Department of Science, Bijar (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Capozziello, Salvatore [Universita di Napoli Federico II, Dipartimento di Fisica, Naples (Italy); Complutense Univ. di Monte S. Angelo, Naples (Italy); Gran Sasso Science Institute (INFN), L' Aquila (Italy); INFN Sezione di Napoli, Naples (Italy)

2015-12-15

Recently, Padmanabhan (arXiv:1206.4916 [hepth]) discussed that the difference between the number of degrees of freedom on the boundary surface and the number of degrees of freedom in a bulk region causes the accelerated expansion of the universe. The main question arising is: what is the origin of this inequality between the surface degrees of freedom and the bulk degrees of freedom? We answer this question in M-theory. In our model, first M0-branes are compactified on one circle and N D0-branes are created. Then N D0-branes join each other, grow, and form one D5-branes. Next, the D5-brane is compactified on two circles and our universe's D3-brane, two D1-branes and some extra energies are produced. After that, one of the D1-branes, which is closer to the universe's brane, gives its energy into it, and this leads to an increase in the difference between the numbers of degrees of freedom and the occurring inflation era. With the disappearance of this D1-brane, the number of degrees of freedom of boundary surface and bulk region become equal and inflation ends. At this stage, extra energies that are produced due to the compactification cause an expansion of the universe and deceleration epoch. Finally, another D1-brane dissolves in our universe's brane, leads to an inequality between degrees of freedom, and there occurs a new phase of acceleration. (orig.)

Emergence and expansion of cosmic space as due to M0-branes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sepehri, Alireza, E-mail: alireza.sepehri@uk.ac.ir [Faculty of Physics, Shahid Bahonar University, P.O. Box 76175, Kerman (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Research Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics of Maragha (RIAAM), P.O. Box 55134-441, Maragha (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Setare, Mohammad Reza, E-mail: rezakord@ipm.ir [Department of Science, University of Kurdistan, Campus of Bijar, Bijar (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Capozziello, Salvatore, E-mail: capozziello@na.infn.it [Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Napoli Federico II, 80126, Naples (Italy); INFN Sez. di Napoli, Compl. Univ. di Monte S. Angelo, Edificio G, 80126, Naples (Italy); Gran Sasso Science Institute (INFN), Viale F. Crispi, 7, 67100, L’Aquila (Italy)

2015-12-29

Recently, Padmanabhan discussed that the difference between the number of degrees of freedom on the boundary surface and the number of degrees of freedom in a bulk region causes the accelerated expansion of the universe. The main question arising is: what is the origin of this inequality between the surface degrees of freedom and the bulk degrees of freedom? We answer this question in M-theory. In our model, first M0-branes are compactified on one circle and ND0-branes are created. Then ND0-branes join each other, grow, and form one D5-branes. Next, the D5-brane is compactified on two circles and our universe’s D3-brane, two D1-branes and some extra energies are produced. After that, one of the D1-branes, which is closer to the universe’s brane, gives its energy into it, and this leads to an increase in the difference between the numbers of degrees of freedom and the occurring inflation era. With the disappearance of this D1-brane, the number of degrees of freedom of boundary surface and bulk region become equal and inflation ends. At this stage, extra energies that are produced due to the compactification cause an expansion of the universe and deceleration epoch. Finally, another D1-brane dissolves in our universe’s brane, leads to an inequality between degrees of freedom, and there occurs a new phase of acceleration.

Emergence and expansion of cosmic space as due to M0-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sepehri, Alireza; Setare, Mohammad Reza; Capozziello, Salvatore

2015-01-01

Recently, Padmanabhan discussed that the difference between the number of degrees of freedom on the boundary surface and the number of degrees of freedom in a bulk region causes the accelerated expansion of the universe. The main question arising is: what is the origin of this inequality between the surface degrees of freedom and the bulk degrees of freedom? We answer this question in M-theory. In our model, first M0-branes are compactified on one circle and ND0-branes are created. Then ND0-branes join each other, grow, and form one D5-branes. Next, the D5-brane is compactified on two circles and our universe’s D3-brane, two D1-branes and some extra energies are produced. After that, one of the D1-branes, which is closer to the universe’s brane, gives its energy into it, and this leads to an increase in the difference between the numbers of degrees of freedom and the occurring inflation era. With the disappearance of this D1-brane, the number of degrees of freedom of boundary surface and bulk region become equal and inflation ends. At this stage, extra energies that are produced due to the compactification cause an expansion of the universe and deceleration epoch. Finally, another D1-brane dissolves in our universe’s brane, leads to an inequality between degrees of freedom, and there occurs a new phase of acceleration

On D-brane anti D-brane effective actions and their corrections to all orders in alpha-prime

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hatefi, Ehsan

2013-01-01

Based on a four point function, the S-matrix elements at disk level of the scattering amplitude of one closed string Ramond-Ramond field (C) and two tachyons and one scalar field, we find out new couplings in brane anti brane effective actions for p = n, p+2 = n cases. Using the infinite corrections of the vertex of one RR, one gauge and one scalar field and applying the correct expansion, it is investigated in detail how we produce the infinite gauge poles of the amplitude for p = n case. By discovering new higher derivative corrections of two tachyon-two scalar couplings in brane anti brane systems to all orders in α', we also obtain the infinite scalar poles in (t'+s'+u)-channel in field theory. Working with the complete form of the amplitude with the closed form of the expansion and comparing all the infinite contact terms of this amplitude, we derive several new Wess-Zumino couplings with all their infinite higher derivative corrections in the world volume of brane anti brane systems. In particular, in producing all the infinite scalar poles of C V φ V T V T > , one has to consider the fact that scalar's vertex operator in (-1)-picture must carry the internal σ 3 Chan-Paton matrix. The symmetric trace effective action has a non-zero coupling between Dφ (1)i and Dφ (2) i while this coupling does not exist in ordinary trace effective action

Natural four-generation mass textures in MSSM brane worlds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lebed, Richard F.; Mayes, Van E.

2011-01-01

A fourth generation of standard model fermions is usually considered unlikely due to constraints from direct searches, electroweak precision measurements, and perturbative unitarity. We show that fermion mass textures consistent with all constraints may be obtained naturally in a model with four generations constructed from intersecting D6-branes on a T 6 /(Z 2 xZ 2 ) orientifold. The Yukawa matrices of the model are rank 2, so that only the third- and fourth-generation fermions obtain masses at the trilinear level. The first two generations obtain masses via higher-order couplings and are therefore naturally lighter. In addition, we find that the third and fourth generations automatically split in mass, but do not mix at leading order. Furthermore, the standard model gauge couplings automatically unify at the string scale, and all the hidden-sector gauge groups become confining in the range 10 13 -10 16 GeV, so that the model becomes effectively a four-generation minimal supersymmetric standard model at low energies.

Rotating D0-branes and consistent truncations of supergravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anabalón, Andrés; Ortiz, Thomas; Samtleben, Henning

2013-01-01

The fluctuations around the D0-brane near-horizon geometry are described by two-dimensional SO(9) gauged maximal supergravity. We work out the U(1) 4 truncation of this theory whose scalar sector consists of five dilaton and four axion fields. We construct the full non-linear Kaluza–Klein ansatz for the embedding of the dilaton sector into type IIA supergravity. This yields a consistent truncation around a geometry which is the warped product of a two-dimensional domain wall and the sphere S 8 . As an application, we consider the solutions corresponding to rotating D0-branes which in the near-horizon limit approach AdS 2 ×M 8 geometries, and discuss their thermodynamical properties. More generally, we study the appearance of such solutions in the presence of non-vanishing axion fields

Aspects of string theory compactifications. D-brane statistics and generalised geometry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gmeiner, F.

2006-01-01

In this thesis we investigate two different aspects of string theory compactifications. The first part deals with the issue of the huge amount of possible string vacua, known as the landscape. Concretely we investigate a specific well defined subset of type II orientifold compactifications. We develop the necessary tools to construct a very large set of consistent models and investigate their gauge sector on a statistical basis. In particular we analyse the frequency distributions of gauge groups and the possible amount of chiral matter for compactifications to six and four dimensions. In the phenomenologically relevant case of four-dimensional compactifications, special attention is paid to solutions with gauge groups that include those of the standard model, as well as Pati-Salam, SU(5) and flipped SU(5) models. Additionally we investigate the frequency distribution of coupling constants and correlations between the observables in the gauge sector. These results are compared with a recent study of Gepner models. Moreover, we elaborate on questions concerning the finiteness of the number of solutions and the computational complexity of the algorithm. In the second part of this thesis we consider a new mathematical framework, called generalised geometry, to describe the six-manifolds used in string theory compactifications. In particular, the formulation of T-duality and mirror symmetry for nonlinear topological sigma models is investigated. Therefore we provide a reformulation and extension of the known topological A- and B-models to the generalised framework. The action of mirror symmetry on topological D-branes in this setup is presented and the transformation of the boundary conditions is analysed. To extend the considerations to D-branes in type II string theory, we introduce the notion of generalised calibrations. We show that the known calibration conditions of supersymmetric branes in type IIA and IIB can be obtained as special cases. Finally we investigate

Aspects of string theory compactifications. D-brane statistics and generalised geometry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gmeiner, F.

2006-05-26

In this thesis we investigate two different aspects of string theory compactifications. The first part deals with the issue of the huge amount of possible string vacua, known as the landscape. Concretely we investigate a specific well defined subset of type II orientifold compactifications. We develop the necessary tools to construct a very large set of consistent models and investigate their gauge sector on a statistical basis. In particular we analyse the frequency distributions of gauge groups and the possible amount of chiral matter for compactifications to six and four dimensions. In the phenomenologically relevant case of four-dimensional compactifications, special attention is paid to solutions with gauge groups that include those of the standard model, as well as Pati-Salam, SU(5) and flipped SU(5) models. Additionally we investigate the frequency distribution of coupling constants and correlations between the observables in the gauge sector. These results are compared with a recent study of Gepner models. Moreover, we elaborate on questions concerning the finiteness of the number of solutions and the computational complexity of the algorithm. In the second part of this thesis we consider a new mathematical framework, called generalised geometry, to describe the six-manifolds used in string theory compactifications. In particular, the formulation of T-duality and mirror symmetry for nonlinear topological sigma models is investigated. Therefore we provide a reformulation and extension of the known topological A- and B-models to the generalised framework. The action of mirror symmetry on topological D-branes in this setup is presented and the transformation of the boundary conditions is analysed. To extend the considerations to D-branes in type II string theory, we introduce the notion of generalised calibrations. We show that the known calibration conditions of supersymmetric branes in type IIA and IIB can be obtained as special cases. Finally we investigate

Small numbers from tunneling between brane throats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaloper, Nemanja

2003-01-01

In generic string compactifications with branes, the regions of space in the vicinity of brane horizons, or brane throats, support effective potential barriers, raised by the back-ground gravitational fields. A familiar example is the AdS brane throats in the Randall-Sundrum model. The barriers obstruct the interaction of observers inside different throats, whose communication is effectively described by tunneling through the barriers. Consequently the interactions between different throats are exponentially weak. This provides for a new mechanism for explaining small numbers in Nature. We review the applications to the hierarchy problem where supersymmetry breaking scale is reduced by tunneling, long-lived cold dark matter particles which decay into hot CFT, and consider the implications for holography. We finally discuss the important interplay between the tunneling suppression and our recent conjecture that black holes stuck on a brane in AdS D+1 should be interpreted as duals of quantum-corrected D-dimensional black holes, rather than classical ones, of a CFT coupled to gravity. (author)

The D4-D8 Brane System and Five Dimensional Fixed Points

OpenAIRE

Brandhuber, A; Oz, Y

1999-01-01

We construct dual Type I' string descriptions to five dimensional supersymmetric fixed points with $E_{N_f+1}$ global symmetry. The background is obtained as the near horizon geometry of the D4-D8 brane system in massive Type IIA supergravity. We use the dual description to deduce some properties of the fixed points.

Branes in the GL(1 vertical stroke 1) WZNW-Model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Creutzig, T.; Schomerus, V. [Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg (Germany); Quella, T. [Amsterdam Univ. (Netherlands). KdV Inst. for Mathematics

2007-08-15

We initiate a systematic study of boundary conditions in conformal field theories with target space supersymmetry. The WZNW model on GL(1 vertical stroke 1) is used as a prototypical example for which we find the complete set of maximally symmetric branes. This includes a unique brane of maximal super-dimension 2 vertical stroke 2, a 2-parameter family of branes with super-dimension 0 vertical stroke 2 and an infinite set of fully localized branes possessing a single modulus. Members of the latter family can only exist along certain lines on the bosonic base, much like fractional branes at orbifold singularities. Our results establish that all essential algebraic features of Cardy-type boundary theories carry over to the non-rational logarithmic WZNW model on GL(1 vertical stroke 1). (orig.)

D-brane. Superstrings and new perspective of our world

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hashimoto, Koji [RIKEN, Saitama, Wako (Japan). Mathematical Physics Lab.

2012-07-01

Superstring theory is a promising theory which can potentially unify all the forces and the matters in particle physics. A new multi-dimensional object which is called ''D-brane'' was found. It drastically changed our perspective of a unified world. We may live on membrane-like hypersurfaces in higher dimensions (''braneworld scenario''), or we can create blackholes at particle accelerators, or the dynamics of quarks is shown to be equivalent to the higher dimensional gravity theory. All these scenarios are explained in this book with plain words but with little use of equations and with many figures. The book starts with a summary of long-standing problems in elementary particle physics and explains the D-branes and many applications of them. It ends with future roads for a unified ultimate theory of our world. (orig.)

Rotating D0-branes and consistent truncations of supergravity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anabalón, Andrés [Departamento de Ciencias, Facultad de Artes Liberales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Av. Padre Hurtado 750, Viña del Mar (Chile); Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de Physique, UMR 5672, CNRS École Normale Supérieure de Lyon 46, allée d' Italie, F-69364 Lyon cedex 07 (France); Ortiz, Thomas; Samtleben, Henning [Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de Physique, UMR 5672, CNRS École Normale Supérieure de Lyon 46, allée d' Italie, F-69364 Lyon cedex 07 (France)

2013-12-18

The fluctuations around the D0-brane near-horizon geometry are described by two-dimensional SO(9) gauged maximal supergravity. We work out the U(1){sup 4} truncation of this theory whose scalar sector consists of five dilaton and four axion fields. We construct the full non-linear Kaluza–Klein ansatz for the embedding of the dilaton sector into type IIA supergravity. This yields a consistent truncation around a geometry which is the warped product of a two-dimensional domain wall and the sphere S{sup 8}. As an application, we consider the solutions corresponding to rotating D0-branes which in the near-horizon limit approach AdS{sub 2}×M{sub 8} geometries, and discuss their thermodynamical properties. More generally, we study the appearance of such solutions in the presence of non-vanishing axion fields.

Gravity localization on hybrid branes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

D.F.S. Veras

2016-03-01

Full Text Available This work deals with gravity localization on codimension-1 brane worlds engendered by compacton-like kinks, the so-called hybrid branes. In such scenarios, the thin brane behavior is manifested when the extra dimension is outside the compact domain, where the energy density is non-trivial, instead of asymptotically as in the usual thick brane models. The zero mode is trapped in the brane, as required. The massive modes, although not localized in the brane, have important phenomenological implications such as corrections to the Newton's law. We study such corrections in the usual thick domain wall and in the hybrid brane scenarios. By means of suitable numerical methods, we attain the mass spectrum for the graviton and the corresponding wavefunctions. The spectra possess the usual linearly increasing behavior from the Kaluza–Klein theories. Further, we show that the 4D gravitational force is slightly increased at short distances. The first eigenstate contributes highly for the correction to the Newton's law. The subsequent normalized solutions have diminishing contributions. Moreover, we find out that the phenomenology of the hybrid brane is not different from the usual thick domain wall. The use of numerical techniques for solving the equations of the massive modes is useful for matching possible phenomenological measurements in the gravitational law as a probe to warped extra dimensions.

Thick brane solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dzhunushaliev, Vladimir; Minamitsuji, Masato; Folomeev, Vladimir

2010-01-01

This paper gives a comprehensive review on thick brane solutions and related topics. Such models have attracted much attention from many aspects since the birth of the brane world scenario. In many works, it has been usually assumed that a brane is an infinitely thin object; however, in more general situations, one can no longer assume this. It is also widely considered that more fundamental theories such as string theory would have a minimal length scale. Many multidimensional field theories coupled to gravitation have exact solutions of gravitating topological defects, which can represent our brane world. The inclusion of brane thickness can realize a variety of possible brane world models. Given our understanding, the known solutions can be classified into topologically non-trivial solutions and trivial ones. The former class contains solutions of a single scalar (domain walls), multi-scalar, gauge-Higgs (vortices), Weyl gravity and so on. As an example of the latter class, we consider solutions of two interacting scalar fields. Approaches to obtain cosmological equations in the thick brane world are reviewed. Solutions with spatially extended branes (S-branes) and those with an extra time-like direction are also discussed.

Brane Inflation, Solitons and Cosmological Solutions: I

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chen, P.

2005-01-25

In this paper we study various cosmological solutions for a D3/D7 system directly from M-theory with fluxes and M2-branes. In M-theory, these solutions exist only if we incorporate higher derivative corrections from the curvatures as well as G-fluxes. We take these corrections into account and study a number of toy cosmologies, including one with a novel background for the D3/D7 system whose supergravity solution can be completely determined. Our new background preserves all the good properties of the original model and opens up avenues to investigate cosmological effects from wrapped branes and brane-antibrane annihilation, to name a few. We also discuss in some detail semilocal defects with higher global symmetries, for example exceptional ones, that occur in a slightly different regime of our D3/D7 model. We show that the D3/D7 system does have the required ingredients to realize these configurations as non-topological solitons of the theory. These constructions also allow us to give a physical meaning to the existence of certain underlying homogeneous quaternionic Kahler manifolds.

Notes on branes in matrix theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Keski-Vakkuri, E.; Kraus, P.

1998-01-01

We study the effective actions of various brane configurations in matrix theory. Starting from the 0+1-dimensional quantum mechanics, we replace coordinate matrices by covariant derivatives in the large N limit, thereby obtaining effective field theories on the brane world-volumes. Even for non-compact branes, these effective theories are of Yang-Mills type, with constant background magnetic fields. In the case of a D2-brane, we show explicitly how the effective action equals the large magnetic field limit of the Born-Infeld action, and thus derive from matrix theory the action used by Polchinski and Pouliot to compute M-momentum transfer between membranes. We also consider the effect of compactifying transverse directions. Finally, we analyze a scattering process involving a recently proposed background representing a classically stable D6+D0 brane configuration. We compute the potential between this configuration and a D0-brane, and show that the result agrees with supergravity. (orig.)

The supergravity fields for a D-brane with a travelling wave from string amplitudes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Black, William; Russo, Rodolfo; Turton, David

2010-01-01

We calculate the supergravity fields sourced by a D-brane with a null travelling wave from disk amplitudes in type IIB string theory compactified on T 4 xS 1 . The amplitudes reproduce all the non-trivial features of the previously known two-charge supergravity solutions in the D-brane/momentum duality frame, providing a direct link between the microscopic bound states and their macroscopic descriptions.

Coupling brane fields to bulk supergravity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Parameswaran, Susha L. [Uppsala Univ. (Sweden). Theoretical Physics; Schmidt, Jonas [Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg (Germany)

2010-12-15

In this note we present a simple, general prescription for coupling brane localized fields to bulk supergravity. We illustrate the procedure by considering 6D N=2 bulk supergravity on a 2D orbifold, with brane fields localized at the fixed points. The resulting action enjoys the full 6D N=2 symmetries in the bulk, and those of 4D N=1 supergravity at the brane positions. (orig.)

Born-Infeld-Goldstone superfield actions for gauge-fixed D5- and D3-branes in 6d

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ketov, Sergei V.

1999-01-01

The supersymmetric Born-Infeld actions describing gauge-fixed D-5- and D3-branes in ambient six-dimensional (6d) space-time are constructed in superspace. A new 6d action is the (1,0) supersymmetric extension of the 6d Born-Infeld action. It is related via dimensional reduction to another remarkable 4d action describing the N = 2 supersymmetric extension of the Born-Infeld-Nambu-Goto action with two real scalats. Both actions are the Goldstone actions associated with partial (((1)/(2))) spontaneous breaking of extended supersymmetry having 16 supercharges down to 8 supercharges. Both actions can be put into the 'non-linear sigma-model' form by using certain non-linear superfield constraints. The unbroken supersymmetry is always linearly realised in our construction

Magnetic brane-worlds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barrow, John D; Hervik, Sigbjorn

2002-01-01

We investigate brane-worlds with a pure magnetic field and a perfect fluid. We extend earlier work to brane-worlds and find new properties of the Bianchi type I brane-world. We find new asymptotic behaviours on approach to singularity and classify the critical points of the dynamical phase space. It is known that the Einstein equations for the magnetic Bianchi type I models are in general oscillatory and are believed to be chaotic, but in the brane-world model this chaotic behaviour does not seem to be possible

Generalized complex geometry, generalized branes and the Hitchin sigma model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zucchini, Roberto

2005-01-01

Hitchin's generalized complex geometry has been shown to be relevant in compactifications of superstring theory with fluxes and is expected to lead to a deeper understanding of mirror symmetry. Gualtieri's notion of generalized complex submanifold seems to be a natural candidate for the description of branes in this context. Recently, we introduced a Batalin-Vilkovisky field theoretic realization of generalized complex geometry, the Hitchin sigma model, extending the well known Poisson sigma model. In this paper, exploiting Gualtieri's formalism, we incorporate branes into the model. A detailed study of the boundary conditions obeyed by the world sheet fields is provided. Finally, it is found that, when branes are present, the classical Batalin-Vilkovisky cohomology contains an extra sector that is related non trivially to a novel cohomology associated with the branes as generalized complex submanifolds. (author)

Study of Strongly Coupled Systems via Probe Brane Constructions

Science.gov (United States)

Chang, Han-Chih

In this thesis, we present our study towards better understanding of the strongly coupled systems with extra matter content in the fundamental representation of some prescribed global symmetry group in the quenched approximation, with the toolkit of holography via a probe brane construction. Specically, for the defect conformal systems, we unearth and quantify the phase trasition diagram, and novel supersymmetric vacua in the top-down model of the D3/D5 probe brane system. For further quantify various non-Fermi quantum liquid phases realized through the holographical probe brane construction, we then propose and verify the method to include the backreaction of entanglement entropy due to the probe branes at the leading order, which can potentially be used to detect topological phase transitions. We will recapitulate the main results of our works, in collaboration with Prof. Andreas Karch, published in the following journals: "Minimal Submanifolds asymptotic to AdS4 xS2 in AdS5xS5', JHEP, vol.1404, p.037, 2014; "The Novel Solutions of Finite-Density D3/D5 Probe Brane System and Their Implications for Stability'', JHEP, vol.1210, p.060, 2014; "Entanglement Entropy for Probe Branes'', JHEP, vol.1401, p.180, 2014.

Running with rugby balls: bulk renormalization of codimension-2 branes

Science.gov (United States)

Williams, M.; Burgess, C. P.; van Nierop, L.; Salvio, A.

2013-01-01

We compute how one-loop bulk effects renormalize both bulk and brane effective interactions for geometries sourced by codimension-two branes. We do so by explicitly integrating out spin-zero, -half and -one particles in 6-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell-Scalar theories compactified to 4 dimensions on a flux-stabilized 2D geometry. (Our methods apply equally well for D dimensions compactified to D - 2 dimensions, although our explicit formulae do not capture all divergences when D > 6.) The renormalization of bulk interactions are independent of the boundary conditions assumed at the brane locations, and reproduce standard heat-kernel calculations. Boundary conditions at any particular brane do affect how bulk loops renormalize this brane's effective action, but not the renormalization of other distant branes. Although we explicitly compute our loops using a rugby ball geometry, because we follow only UV effects our results apply more generally to any geometry containing codimension-two sources with conical singularities. Our results have a variety of uses, including calculating the UV sensitivity of one-loop vacuum energy seen by observers localized on the brane. We show how these one-loop effects combine in a surprising way with bulk back-reaction to give the complete low-energy effective cosmological constant, and comment on the relevance of this calculation to proposed applications of codimension-two 6D models to solutions of the hierarchy and cosmological constant problems.

On Closed Timelike Curves and Warped Brane World Models

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Slagter Reinoud Jan

2013-09-01

Full Text Available At first glance, it seems possible to construct in general relativity theory causality violating solutions. The most striking one is the Gott spacetime. Two cosmic strings, approaching each other with high velocity, could produce closed timelike curves. It was quickly recognized that this solution violates physical boundary conditions. The effective one particle generator becomes hyperbolic, so the center of mass is tachyonic. On a 5-dimensional warped spacetime, it seems possible to get an elliptic generator, so no obstruction is encountered and the velocity of the center of mass of the effective particle has an overlap with the Gott region. So a CTC could, in principle, be constructed. However, from the effective 4D field equations on the brane, which are influenced by the projection of the bulk Weyl tensor on the brane, it follows that no asymptotic conical space time is found, so no angle deficit as in the 4D counterpart model. This could also explain why we do not observe cosmic strings.

Multifield consequences for D-brane inflation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dias, Mafalda; Frazer, Jonathan; Liddle, Andrew R.

2012-01-01

We analyse the multifield behaviour in D-brane inflation when contributions from the bulk are taken into account. For this purpose, we study a large number of realisations of the potential; we find the nature of the inflationary trajectory to be very consistent despite the complex construction. Inflation is always canonical and occurs in the vicinity of an inflection point. Extending the transport method to non-slow-roll and to calculate the running, we obtain distributions for observables. The spectral index is typically blue and the running positive, putting the model under moderate pressure from WMAP7 constraints. The local f NL and tensor-to-scalar ratio are typically unobservably small, though we find approximately 0.5% of realisations to give observably large local f NL . Approximating the potential as sum-separable, we are able to give fully analytic explanations for the trends in observed behaviour. Finally we find the model suffers from the persistence of isocurvature perturbations, which can be expected to cause further evolution of adiabatic perturbations after inflation. We argue this is a typical problem for models of multifield inflation involving inflection points and renders models of this type technically unpredictive without a description of reheating

Semi-doubled sigma models for five-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kimura, Tetsuji

2016-01-01

We study two-dimensional N=(2,2) gauge theory and its dualized system in terms of complex (linear) superfields and their alternatives. Although this technique itself is not new, we can obtain a new model, the so-called “semi-doubled” GLSM. Similar to doubled sigma model, this involves both the original and dual degrees of freedom simultaneously, whilst the latter only contribute to the system via topological interactions. Applying this to the N=(4,4) GLSM for H-monopoles, i.e., smeared NS5-branes, we obtain its T-dualized systems in quite an easy way. As a bonus, we also obtain the semi-doubled GLSM for an exotic 5_2"3-brane whose background is locally nongeometric. In the low energy limit, we construct the semi-doubled NLSM which also generates the conventional string worldsheet sigma models. In the case of the NLSM for 5_2"3-brane, however, we find that the Dirac monopole equation does not make sense any more because the physical information is absorbed into the divergent part via the smearing procedure. This is nothing but the signal which indicates that the nongeometric feature emerges in the considering model.

Holographic walking technicolor and stability of techni-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Clark, T.E.; Love, S.T.; Veldhuis, T. ter

2013-01-01

Techni-fermions are added as stacks of D7–D7 ¯ techni-branes within the framework of a holographic technicolor model that has been proposed as a realization of walking technicolor. The stability of the embedding of these branes is determined. When a sufficiently low bulk cut-off is provided the fluctuations remain small. For a longer walking region, as would be required in any realistic model of electroweak symmetry breaking, a larger bulk cut-off is needed and in this case the oscillations destabilize

Supersymmetry, p-brane duality, and hidden spacetime dimensions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bars, I.

1996-01-01

A global superalgebra with 32 supercharges and all possible central extensions is studied in order to extract some general properties of duality and hidden dimensions in a theory that treats p-branes democratically. The maximal number of dimensions is 12, with signature (10,2), containing one space and one time dimension that are hidden from the point of view of perturbative ten-dimensional string theory or its compactifications. When the theory is compactified on R d-1,1 circle-times T c+1,1 with d+c+2=12, there are isometry groups that relate to the hidden dimensions as well as to duality. Their combined intersecting classification schemes provide some properties of nonperturbative states and their couplings. copyright 1996 The American Physical Society

Orientifold Planes, Type I Wilson Lines and Non-BPS D-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hyakutake, Y.; Imamura, Y.; Sugimoto, S.

2000-01-01

There is a longstanding puzzle concerned with the existence of Op-planes with p≥6, which are orientifold p-planes of negative charge with stuck Dp-branes. We study the consistency of configurations with various orientifold planes and propose a resolution to this puzzle. It is argued that O6-planes are possible in massive IIA theory with odd cosmological constant, while O7-planes and O8-planes are not allowed. Various relations between orientifold planes and non-BPS D-branes are also addressed. (author)

Orientifold Planes, Type I Wilson Lines and Non-BPS D-branes

OpenAIRE

Hyakutake, Yoshifumi; Imamura, Yosuke; Sugimoto, Shigeki

2000-01-01

There is a longstanding puzzle concerned with the existence of Op~-planes with p>=6, which are orientifold p-planes of negative charge with stuck Dp-branes. We study the consistency of configurations with various orientifold planes and propose a resolution to this puzzle. It is argued that O6~-planes are possible in massive IIA theory with odd cosmological constant, while O7~-planes and O8~-planes are not allowed. Various relations between orientifold planes and non-BPS D-branes are also addr...

Electric dipole induced by gravity in fat branes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dahia, F. [Dep. of Physics, Univ. Fed. da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba (Brazil); Dep. of Physics, Univ. Fed. de Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Paraíba (Brazil); Albuquerque Silva, Alex de [Dep. of Physics, Univ. Fed. da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba (Brazil); Dep. of Physics, Univ. Fed. de Campina Grande, Sumé, Paraíba (Brazil); Romero, C. [Dep. of Physics, Univ. Fed. da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba (Brazil)

2014-05-01

In the fat brane model, also known as the split fermion model, it is assumed that leptons and baryons live in different hypersurfaces of a thick brane in order to explain the proton stability without invoking any symmetry. It turns out that, in the presence of a gravity source M, particles will see different four-dimensional (4D) geometries and hence, from the point of view of 4D-observers, the equivalence principle will be violated. As a consequence, we show that a hydrogen atom in the gravitational field of M will acquire a radial electric dipole. This effect is regulated by the Hamiltonian H{sub d}=−μA⋅δr, which is the gravitational analog of the Stark Hamiltonian, where the electric field is replaced by the tidal acceleration A due to the split of fermions in the brane and the atomic reduced mass μ substitutes the electric charge.

Poisson sigma model with branes and hyperelliptic Riemann surfaces

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferrario, Andrea

2008-01-01

We derive the explicit form of the superpropagators in the presence of general boundary conditions (coisotropic branes) for the Poisson sigma model. This generalizes the results presented by Cattaneo and Felder [''A path integral approach to the Kontsevich quantization formula,'' Commun. Math. Phys. 212, 591 (2000)] and Cattaneo and Felder ['Coisotropic submanifolds in Poisson geometry and branes in the Poisson sigma model', Lett. Math. Phys. 69, 157 (2004)] for Kontsevich's angle function [Kontsevich, M., 'Deformation quantization of Poisson manifolds I', e-print arXiv:hep.th/0101170] used in the deformation quantization program of Poisson manifolds. The relevant superpropagators for n branes are defined as gauge fixed homotopy operators of a complex of differential forms on n sided polygons P n with particular ''alternating'' boundary conditions. In the presence of more than three branes we use first order Riemann theta functions with odd singular characteristics on the Jacobian variety of a hyperelliptic Riemann surface (canonical setting). In genus g the superpropagators present g zero mode contributions

Conformal symmetry for rotating D-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cao Liming; Matsuo, Yoshinori; Tsukioka, Takuya; Yoo, Chul-Moon

2009-01-01

We apply the Kerr/CFT correspondence to the rotating black p-brane solutions. These solutions give the simplest examples from string theory point of view. Their near horizon geometries have structures of AdS, even though black p-brane solutions do not have AdS-like structures in the non-rotating case. The microscopic entropy which can be calculated via the Cardy formula exactly agrees with Bekenstein-Hawking entropy.

Closed string emission from unstable D-brane with background electric field

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nagami, Kenji

2004-01-01

We study the closed string emission from an unstable Dp-brane with constant background electric field in bosonic string theory. The average total number density and the average total energy density of emitted closed strings are explicitly calculated in the presence of electric field. It is explicitly shown that the energy density in the UV region becomes finite whenever the background electric field is switched on. The energy density converted into closed strings in the presence of electric field is negligibly small compared with the D-brane tension in the weak string coupling limit. (author)

The D5-brane effective action and superpotential in N=1 compactifications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grimm, Thomas W.; Ha, Tae-Won; Klemm, Albrecht; Klevers, Denis

2009-01-01

The four-dimensional effective action for D5-branes in generic compact Calabi-Yau orientifolds is computed by performing a Kaluza-Klein reduction. The N=1 Kaehler potential, the superpotential, the gauge-kinetic coupling function and the D-terms are derived in terms of the geometric data of the internal space and of the two-cycle wrapped by the D5-brane. In particular, we obtain the D5-brane and flux superpotential by integrating out four-dimensional three-forms which couple via the Chern-Simons action. Also the infinitesimal complex structure deformations of the two-cycle induced by the deformations of the ambient space contribute to the F-terms. The superpotential can be expressed in terms of relative periods depending on both the open and closed moduli. To analyze this dependence we blow up along the two-cycle and obtain a rigid divisor in an auxiliary compact threefold with negative first Chern class. The variation of the mixed Hodge structure on this blown-up geometry is equivalent to the original deformation problem and can be analyzed by Picard-Fuchs equations. We exemplify the blow-up procedure for a non-compact Calabi-Yau threefold given by the canonical bundle over del Pezzo surfaces.

Component on-shell actions of supersymmetric 3-branes: I. 3-brane in D = 6

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bellucci, S; Sutulin, A; Kozyrev, N; Krivonos, S

2015-01-01

In the present and accompanying papers we explicitly construct the on-shell supersymmetric component actions for 3-branes moving in D = 6 and D = 8 within the nonlinear realizations framework. In the first paper we apply our scheme to construct the action of supersymmetric 3-brane in D = 6. It turns out that all ingredients entering the component action can be obtained almost algorithmically by using the nonlinear realizations approach. Within this approach, properly adapted to the construction of the on-shell component actions, we pay much attention to broken supersymmetry. Doing so, we were able to write the action in terms of purely geometric objects (vielbeins and covariant derivatives of the physical bosonic components), covariant with respect to broken supersymmetry. It turns out that all terms of the higher orders in the fermions are hidden inside these covariant derivatives and vielbeins. Moreover, the main part of the component action just mimics its bosonic cousin in which the ordinary space–time derivatives and the bosonic worldvolume are replaced by their covariant supersymmetric analogs. The Wess–Zumino term in the action, which does not exist in the bosonic case, can be also easily constructed in terms of reduced Cartan forms. Keeping the broken supersymmetry almost explicit, one may write the ansatz for the component action, fully defined up to two constant parameters. The role of the unbroken supersymmetry is just to fix these parameters. (paper)

Fluid/gravity correspondence: second order transport coefficients in compactified D4-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu, Chao; Chen, Yidian; Huang, Mei

2017-01-01

We develop the boundary derivative expansion (BDE) formalism of fluid/gravity correspondence to nonconformal version through the compactified, near-extremal black D4-brane. We offer an explicit calculation of 9 second order transport coefficients, i.e., the τ π , τ π ∗ , τ Π , λ 1,2,3 and ξ 1,2,3 for the strongly coupled, uncharged and nonconformal relativistic fluid which is the holographic dual of compactified, near extremal black D4-brane. We also show that the nonconformal fluid considered in this work is free of causal problem and admits the Haack-Yarom relation 4λ 1 −λ 2 =2ητ π .

6d Conformal matter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zotto, Michele Del; Heckman, Jonathan J.; Tomasiello, Alessandro; Vafa, Cumrun

2015-01-01

A single M5-brane probing G, an ADE-type singularity, leads to a system which has G×G global symmetry and can be viewed as “bifundamental” (G,G) matter. For the A N series, this leads to the usual notion of bifundamental matter. For the other cases it corresponds to a strongly interacting (1,0) superconformal system in six dimensions. Similarly, an ADE singularity intersecting the Hořava-Witten wall leads to a superconformal matter system with E 8 ×G global symmetry. Using the F-theory realization of these theories, we elucidate the Coulomb/tensor branch of (G,G ′ ) conformal matter. This leads to the notion of fractionalization of an M5-brane on an ADE singularity as well as fractionalization of the intersection point of the ADE singularity with the Hořava-Witten wall. Partial Higgsing of these theories leads to new 6d SCFTs in the infrared, which we also characterize. This generalizes the class of (1,0) theories which can be perturbatively realized by suspended branes in IIA string theory. By reducing on a circle, we arrive at novel duals for 5d affine quiver theories. Introducing many M5-branes leads to large N gravity duals.

Inflation and late-time acceleration in braneworld cosmological models with varying brane tension

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wong, K.C.; Cheng, K.S.; Harko, T.

2010-01-01

Braneworld models with variable brane tension λ introduce a new degree of freedom that allows for evolving gravitational and cosmological constants, the latter being a natural candidate for dark energy. We consider a thermodynamic interpretation of the varying brane tension models, by showing that the field equations with variable λ can be interpreted as describing matter creation in a cosmological framework. The particle creation rate is determined by the variation rate of the brane tension, as well as by the brane-bulk energy-matter transfer rate. We investigate the effect of a variable brane tension on the cosmological evolution of the Universe, in the framework of a particular model in which the brane tension is an exponentially dependent function of the scale factor. The resulting cosmology shows the presence of an initial inflationary expansion, followed by a decelerating phase, and by a smooth transition towards a late accelerated de Sitter type expansion. The varying brane tension is also responsible for the generation of the matter in the Universe (reheating period). The physical constraints on the model parameters, resulting from the observational cosmological data, are also investigated. (orig.)

Geometry and physics of branes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gal' tsov, D V

2003-03-21

-dimensional conformal field theory on open and unoriented surfaces. This topic is not a recent discovery but it attracted much attention after the discovery of D-branes and led to the construction of a large number of different new models. After reviewing generalities of two-dimensional CFTs, current algebras, the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation and braid-invariant Green functions, CFT on surfaces with holes and crosscaps is discussed. Then the method of Sagnotti, which allows one to calculate partition functions in the presence of boundaries or crosscaps if the modular matrices are known, is introduced, with explicit examples of the annulus, the Klein bottle and the Moebius strip. The contribution by C Gomez and P Resco treats several topics in string tachyon dynamics. In recent years, a new understanding of the dynamic role of tachyons in string theory has started to emerge, in particular due to A Sen. Starting with a general discussion of tachyon instabilities, the authors explain the Fischler--Susskind mechanism of absorbing the (genus-one) string loop divergences by a renormalization of the worldsheet sigma-model for closed strings. Then the open string contribution to the cosmological constant is considered and the tachyon condensation conjecture is formulated. The tachyon potential calculation is discussed via the beta function computation for an open string. The lectures end up with the K-theory approach to D-branes and the K-version of Sen's conjecture. The third part of the book, which occupies more than half of the volume, is at the advanced level and is addressed to a more mathematically oriented audience. It consists of lectures by K Fukaya (Deformation theory, homological algebra and mirror symmetry), and by A Grassi and M Rossi (Large N dualities and transitions in geometry). The main theme of Fukaya's lectures is the relation between deformation theory and mirror symmetry - more precisely, the part of this direction related to moduli theory. The first part

Brane classical and quantum cosmology from an effective action

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seahra, Sanjeev S.; Sepangi, H.R.; Ponce de Leon, J.

2003-01-01

Motivated by the Randall-Sundrum braneworld scenario, we discuss the classical and quantum dynamics of a (d+1)-dimensional boundary wall between a pair of (d+2)-dimensional topological Schwarzschild-AdS black holes. We assume there are quite general--but not completely arbitrary--matter fields living on the boundary 'brane universe', and that its geometry is that of a Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) model. The effective action governing the model in the minisuperspace approximation is derived. We find that the presence of black hole horizons in the bulk gives rise to a complex action for certain classically allowed brane configurations, but that the imaginary contribution plays no role in the equations of motion. Classical and instanton brane trajectories are examined in general and for special cases, and we find a subset of configuration space that is not allowed at the classical or semiclassical level; this subset corresponds to spacelike branes carrying tachyonic matter. The Hamiltonization and Dirac quantization of the model is then performed for the general case; the latter involves the manipulation of the Hamiltonian constraint before it is transformed into an operator that annihilates physical state vectors. The ensuing covariant Wheeler-DeWitt equation is examined at the semiclassical level, and we consider the possible localization of the brane universe's wave function away from the cosmological singularity. This is easier to achieve for branes with low density and/or spherical spatial sections

Brane classical and quantum cosmology from an effective action

Science.gov (United States)

Seahra, Sanjeev S.; Sepangi, H. R.; Ponce de Leon, J.

2003-09-01

Motivated by the Randall-Sundrum braneworld scenario, we discuss the classical and quantum dynamics of a (d+1)-dimensional boundary wall between a pair of (d+2)-dimensional topological Schwarzschild-AdS black holes. We assume there are quite general—but not completely arbitrary—matter fields living on the boundary “brane universe,” and that its geometry is that of a Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) model. The effective action governing the model in the minisuperspace approximation is derived. We find that the presence of black hole horizons in the bulk gives rise to a complex action for certain classically allowed brane configurations, but that the imaginary contribution plays no role in the equations of motion. Classical and instanton brane trajectories are examined in general and for special cases, and we find a subset of configuration space that is not allowed at the classical or semiclassical level; this subset corresponds to spacelike branes carrying tachyonic matter. The Hamiltonization and Dirac quantization of the model is then performed for the general case; the latter involves the manipulation of the Hamiltonian constraint before it is transformed into an operator that annihilates physical state vectors. The ensuing covariant Wheeler-DeWitt equation is examined at the semiclassical level, and we consider the possible localization of the brane universe’s wave function away from the cosmological singularity. This is easier to achieve for branes with low density and/or spherical spatial sections.

7D Randall-Sundrum cosmology, brane-bulk energy exchange, and holography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mazzanti, Liuba

2008-01-01

We discuss the cosmological implications and the holographic dual theory of the 7D Randall-Sundrum gravitational setup. Adding generic matter in the bulk on the 7D gravity side, we study the cosmological evolution inferred by the nonvanishing value of the brane-bulk energy exchange parameter. This analysis is achieved in detail for specific assumptions on the internal space evolution, including analytical considerations and numerical results. The dual theory is then constructed, making use of the holographic renormalization procedure. The resulting renormalized 6D conformal field theory is anomalous and coupled to 6D gravity plus higher order corrections. The critical point analysis on the brane is performed. Finally, we sketch a comparison between the two dual descriptions. We moreover generalize the Ads/CFT dual theory to the nonconformal and interacting case, relating the energy exchange parameter of the bulk gravity description to the new interactions between hidden and visible sectors.

6d string chains

Science.gov (United States)

Gadde, Abhijit; Haghighat, Babak; Kim, Joonho; Kim, Seok; Lockhart, Guglielmo; Vafa, Cumrun

2018-02-01

We consider bound states of strings which arise in 6d (1,0) SCFTs that are realized in F-theory in terms of linear chains of spheres with negative self-intersections 1,2, and 4. These include the strings associated to N small E 8 instantons, as well as the ones associated to M5 branes probing A and D type singularities in M-theory or D5 branes probing ADE singularities in Type IIB string theory. We find that these bound states of strings admit (0,4) supersymmetric quiver descriptions and show how one can compute their elliptic genera.

An aniso tropic brane world cosmological model with the bulk-based approach

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Uluyazi, G.

2010-01-01

To investigate brane world models there are two approaches; brane-based or bulk based. In the brane-based approach, the brane is chosen to be fixed on a coordinate system, where as in the bulk-based approach it is no longer static as it moves along the extra dimension. At first attempt, it is aimed to solve five dimensional field equations in the bulk, then limitation of Weyl Curvature describing geometrical anisotropy is analyzed.

Multifield consequences for D-brane inflation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dias, Mafalda; Frazer, Jonathan; Liddle, Andrew R., E-mail: m.dias@sussex.ac.uk, E-mail: j.frazer@sussex.ac.uk, E-mail: a.liddle@sussex.ac.uk [Astronomy Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH (United Kingdom)

2012-06-01

We analyse the multifield behaviour in D-brane inflation when contributions from the bulk are taken into account. For this purpose, we study a large number of realisations of the potential; we find the nature of the inflationary trajectory to be very consistent despite the complex construction. Inflation is always canonical and occurs in the vicinity of an inflection point. Extending the transport method to non-slow-roll and to calculate the running, we obtain distributions for observables. The spectral index is typically blue and the running positive, putting the model under moderate pressure from WMAP7 constraints. The local f{sub NL} and tensor-to-scalar ratio are typically unobservably small, though we find approximately 0.5% of realisations to give observably large local f{sub NL}. Approximating the potential as sum-separable, we are able to give fully analytic explanations for the trends in observed behaviour. Finally we find the model suffers from the persistence of isocurvature perturbations, which can be expected to cause further evolution of adiabatic perturbations after inflation. We argue this is a typical problem for models of multifield inflation involving inflection points and renders models of this type technically unpredictive without a description of reheating.

Hybrid Bloch brane

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bazeia, D.; Lima, Elisama E.M.; Losano, L. [Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Departamento de Fisica, Joao Pessoa, PB (Brazil)

2017-02-15

This work reports on models described by two real scalar fields coupled with gravity in the five-dimensional spacetime, with a warped geometry involving one infinite extra dimension. Through a mechanism that smoothly changes a thick brane into a hybrid brane, one investigates the appearance of hybrid branes hosting internal structure, characterized by the splitting on the energy density and the volcano potential, induced by the parameter which controls interactions between the two scalar fields. In particular, we investigate distinct symmetric and asymmetric hybrid brane scenarios. (orig.)

Brane world perspective on the cosmological constant and the hierarchy problems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Flanagan, Eanna; Jones, Nicholas; Stoica, Horace; Tye, S.-H. Henry; Wasserman, Ira

2001-01-01

We elaborate on the recently proposed static brane world scenario, where the effective 4D cosmological constant is exponentially small when parallel 3-branes are far apart. We extend this result to a compactified model with two positive tension branes. In addition to an exponentially small effective 4D cosmological constant, this model incorporates a Randall-Sundrum-like solution to the hierarchy problem. Furthermore, the exponential factors for the hierarchy problem and the cosmological constant problem obey an inequality that is satisfied in nature. This inequality implies that the cosmological constant problem can be explained if the hierarchy problem is understood. The basic idea generalizes to the multibrane world scenario. We discuss models with piecewise adjustable bulk cosmological constants (to be determined by the 5-dimensional Einstein equation), a key element of the scenario. We also discuss the global structure of this scenario and clarify the physical properties of the particle (Rindler) horizons that are present. Finally, we derive a 4D effective theory in which all observers on all branes not separated by particle horizons measure the same Newton's constant and 4D cosmological constant

Metamaterials mimicking dynamic spacetime, D-brane and noncommutativity in string theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Miao Rongxin; Zheng Rui; Li Miao

2011-01-01

We propose a scheme to mimic the expanding cosmos in 1+2 dimensions in laboratory. Furthermore, we develop a general procedure to use nonlinear metamaterials to mimic D-brane and noncommutativity in string theory.

Ring relations and mirror map from branes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Assel, Benjamin [Theoretical Physics Department, CERN,CH-1211 Geneva 23 (Switzerland)

2017-03-29

We study the space of vacua of three-dimensional N=4 theories from a novel approach building on the type IIB brane realization of the theory and in which the insertion of local chiral operators in the path integral is obtained from integrating out light modes in appropriate brane setups. Most of our analysis focuses on abelian quiver theories which can be realized as the low-energy theory of D3-D5-NS5 brane arrays. Their space of vacua contains a Higgs branch, parametrized by the vevs of half-BPS meson operators, and a Coulomb branch, parametrized by the vevs of half-BPS monopole operators. We show that the Higgs operators are inserted by adding F1 strings and D3 branes, while Coulomb operators are inserted by adding D1 strings and D3 branes, with specific orientations, to the initial brane setup of the theory. This approach has two main advantages. First the ring relations describing the Higgs and Coulomb branches can be derived by looking at specific brane setups with multiple interpretations in terms of operator insertions. This provides a new derivation of the Coulomb branch quantum relations. Secondly the map between the Higgs and Coulomb operators of mirror dual theories can be derived in a trivial way from IIB S-duality.

Moduli effective action in warped brane-world compactifications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Garriga, Jaume E-mail: garriga@ifae.es; Pujolas, Oriol; Tanaka, Takahiro

2003-04-07

We consider a class of 5D brane-world solutions with a power-law warp factor a(y){proportional_to}y{sup q}, and bulk dilaton with profile phi{proportional_to}lny, where y is the proper distance in the extra dimension. This class includes the heterotic M-theory brane-world of [Phys. Rev. D 59 (1999) 086001, and] and the Randall-Sundrum (RS) model as a limiting case. In general, there are two moduli fields y{sub {+-}}, corresponding to the 'positions' of two branes (which live at the fixed points of an orbifold compactification). Classically, the moduli are massless, due to a scaling symmetry of the action. However, in the absence of supersymmetry, they develop an effective potential at one loop. Local terms proportional to K{sub {+-}}{sup 4}, where K{sub {+-}}=q/y{sub {+-}} is the local curvature scale at the location of the corresponding brane, are needed in order to remove the divergences in the effective potential. Such terms break the scaling symmetry and hence they may act as stabilizers for the moduli. When the branes are very close to each other, the effective potential induced by massless bulk fields behaves like V{approx}d{sup -4}, where d is the separation between branes. When the branes are widely separated, the potentials for each one of the moduli generically develop a 'Coleman-Weinberg'-type behaviour of the form a{sup 4}(y{sub {+-}})K{sub {+-}}{sup 4}ln(K{sub {+-}}/{mu}{sub {+-}}), where {mu}{sub {+-}} are renormalization scales. In the RS case, the bulk geometry is AdS and K{sub {+-}} are equal to a constant, independent of the position of the branes, so these terms do not contribute to the mass of the moduli. However, for generic warp factor, they provide a simple stabilization mechanism. For q > or approx. 10, the observed hierarchy can be naturally generated by this potential, giving the lightest modulus a mass of order m{sub -} < or approx. TeV.

Moduli effective action in warped brane-world compactifications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Garriga, Jaume; Pujolas, Oriol; Tanaka, Takahiro

2003-01-01

We consider a class of 5D brane-world solutions with a power-law warp factor a(y)∝y q , and bulk dilaton with profile phi∝lny, where y is the proper distance in the extra dimension. This class includes the heterotic M-theory brane-world of [Phys. Rev. D 59 (1999) 086001, and] and the Randall-Sundrum (RS) model as a limiting case. In general, there are two moduli fields y ± , corresponding to the 'positions' of two branes (which live at the fixed points of an orbifold compactification). Classically, the moduli are massless, due to a scaling symmetry of the action. However, in the absence of supersymmetry, they develop an effective potential at one loop. Local terms proportional to K ± 4 , where K ± =q/y ± is the local curvature scale at the location of the corresponding brane, are needed in order to remove the divergences in the effective potential. Such terms break the scaling symmetry and hence they may act as stabilizers for the moduli. When the branes are very close to each other, the effective potential induced by massless bulk fields behaves like V∼d -4 , where d is the separation between branes. When the branes are widely separated, the potentials for each one of the moduli generically develop a 'Coleman-Weinberg'-type behaviour of the form a 4 (y ± )K ± 4 ln(K ± /μ ± ), where μ ± are renormalization scales. In the RS case, the bulk geometry is AdS and K ± are equal to a constant, independent of the position of the branes, so these terms do not contribute to the mass of the moduli. However, for generic warp factor, they provide a simple stabilization mechanism. For q > or approx. 10, the observed hierarchy can be naturally generated by this potential, giving the lightest modulus a mass of order m - < or approx. TeV

M2- and M5-branes in E11 current algebra formulation of M-theory

Science.gov (United States)

Shiba, Shotaro; Sugawara, Hirotaka

2018-03-01

Equations of motion for M2- and M5-branes are written down in the E11 current algebra formulation of M-theory. These branes correspond to currents of the second and the fifth rank antisymmetric tensors in the E11 representation, whereas the electric and magnetic fields (coupled to M2- and M5-branes) correspond to currents of the third and the sixth rank antisymmetric tensors, respectively. We show that these equations of motion have solutions in terms of the coordinates on M2- and M5-branes. We also discuss the geometric equations, and show that there are static solutions when M2- or M5-brane exists alone and also when M5-brane wraps around M2-brane. This situation is realized because our Einstein-like equation contains an extra term which can be interpreted as gravitational energy contributing to the curvature, thus avoiding the usual intersection rule.

Bipartite field theories: from D-brane probes to scattering amplitudes

Science.gov (United States)

Franco, Sebastián

2012-11-01

We introduce and initiate the investigation of a general class of 4d, {N}=1 quiver gauge theories whose Lagrangian is defined by a bipartite graph on a Riemann surface, with or without boundaries. We refer to such class of theories as Bipartite Field Theories (BFTs). BFTs underlie a wide spectrum of interesting physical systems, including: D3-branes probing toric Calabi-Yau 3-folds, their mirror configurations of D6-branes, cluster integrable systems in (0 + 1) dimensions and leading singularities in scattering amplitudes for {N}=4 SYM. While our discussion is fully general, we focus on models that are relevant for scattering amplitudes. We investigate the BFT perspective on graph modifications, the emergence of Calabi-Yau manifolds (which arise as the master and moduli spaces of BFTs), the translation between square moves in the graph and Seiberg duality and the identification of dual theories by means of the underlying Calabi-Yaus, the phenomenon of loop reduction and the interpretation of the boundary operator for cells in the positive Grassmannian as higgsing in the BFT. We develop a technique based on generalized Kasteleyn matrices that permits an efficient determination of the Calabi-Yau geometries associated to arbitrary graphs. Our techniques allow us to go beyond the planar limit by both increasing the number of boundaries of the graphs and the genus of the underlying Riemann surface. Our investigation suggests a central role for Calabi-Yau manifolds in the context of leading singularities, whose full scope is yet to be uncovered.

The (2, 0) superalgebra, null M-branes and Hitchin's system

Science.gov (United States)

Kucharski, P.; Lambert, N.; Owen, M.

2017-10-01

We present an interacting system of equations with sixteen supersymmetries and an SO(2) × SO(6) R-symmetry where the fields depend on two space and one null dimensions that is derived from a representation of the six-dimensional (2, 0) superalgebra. The system can be viewed as two M5-branes compactified on {S}-^1× T^2 or equivalently as M2-branes on R+× R^2 , where ± refer to null directions. We show that for a particular choice of fields the dynamics can be reduced to motion on the moduli space of solutions to the Hitchin system. We argue that this provides a description of intersecting null M2-branes and is also related by U-duality to a DLCQ description of four-dimensional maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills.

Aspects of NT ≥ 2 topological gauge theories and D-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blau, M.; Thompson, G.

1996-12-01

Recently, topological field theories with extended N T > 1 topological symmetries have appeared in various contexts, e.g. in the discussion of S-duality in supersymmetry gauge theories, as world volume theories of Dirichlet p-branes in string theory, and in a general discussion of 'balanced' or critical topological theories. Here we will comment on, explain, or expand on various aspects of these theories, thus complementing the already existing discussions of such models in the literature. We comment on various aspects of topological gauge theories possessing N T ≥ 2 topological symmetry: 1. We show that the construction of Vafa-Witten and Dijkgraaf-Moore of 'balanced' topological field theories is equivalent to an earlier construction in terms of N T = 2 superfields inspired by supersymmetric quantum mechanics. 2. We explain the relation between topological field theories calculating signed and unsigned sums of Euler numbers of moduli spaces. 3. We show that the topological twist of N = 4 d = 4 Yang-Mills theory recently constructed by Marcus is formally a deformation of four-dimensional super-BF theory. 4. We construct a novel N T = 2 topological twist of N = 4 d = 3 Yang-Mills theory, a 'mirror' of the Casson invariant model, with certain unusual features (e.g. no bosonic scalar field and hence no underlying equivariant cohomology). 5. We give a complete classification of the topological twists of N = 8 d = 3 Yang-Mills theory and show that they are realized as world-volume theories of Dirichlet two-brane instantons wrapping supersymmetric three-cycles of Calabi-Yau three-folds and G 2 -holonomy Joyce manifolds. 6. We describe the topological gauge theories associated to D-string instantons on holomorphic curves in K3s and Calabi-Yau 3-folds. 48 refs

Classical dynamics of brane-world extended objects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vasilic, Milovan

2010-01-01

We make use of the universally valid stress-energy conservation law to study the motion of various branelike extended objects in a generic brane-world. Without specifying any particular action, we are able to derive the world-sheet equations that govern the dynamics of brane-world test branes. In particular, the brane-world test particles are shown to follow geodesics with respect to the brane-world induced metric. At the same time, the presence of extended objects is shown to influence the brane-world geometry. It is demonstrated that codimension-1 branes necessarily violate the brane-world smooth structure, while lower-dimensional branes violate the very continuity. In particular, the truly zero-size massive particles are shown not to exist in a continuous brane-world. As an example, static, axially symmetric membrane-world in 4d Minkowski background is analyzed.

Towards realistic string vacua from branes at singularities

Science.gov (United States)

Conlon, Joseph P.; Maharana, Anshuman; Quevedo, Fernando

2009-05-01

We report on progress towards constructing string models incorporating both realistic D-brane matter content and moduli stabilisation with dynamical low-scale supersymmetry breaking. The general framework is that of local D-brane models embedded into the LARGE volume approach to moduli stabilisation. We review quiver theories on del Pezzo n (dPn) singularities including both D3 and D7 branes. We provide supersymmetric examples with three quark/lepton families and the gauge symmetries of the Standard, Left-Right Symmetric, Pati-Salam and Trinification models, without unwanted chiral exotics. We describe how the singularity structure leads to family symmetries governing the Yukawa couplings which may give mass hierarchies among the different generations. We outline how these models can be embedded into compact Calabi-Yau compactifications with LARGE volume moduli stabilisation, and state the minimal conditions for this to be possible. We study the general structure of soft supersymmetry breaking. At the singularity all leading order contributions to the soft terms (both gravity- and anomaly-mediation) vanish. We enumerate subleading contributions and estimate their magnitude. We also describe model-independent physical implications of this scenario. These include the masses of anomalous and non-anomalous U(1)'s and the generic existence of a new hyperweak force under which leptons and/or quarks could be charged. We propose that such a gauge boson could be responsible for the ghost muon anomaly recently found at the Tevatron's CDF detector.

10D massive type IIA supergravities as the uplift of parabolic M2-brane torus bundles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Garcia del Moral, Maria Pilar [Universidad de Antofagasta (Chile). Dept. de Fisica; Restuccia, Alvaro [Universidad de Antofagasta (Chile). Dept. de Fisica; Universidad Simon Bolivar, Caracas (Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of). Dept. de Fisica

2016-04-15

We remark that the two 10D massive deformations of the N = 2 maximal type IIA supergravity (Romans and HLW supergravity) are associated to the low energy limit of the uplift to 10D of M2-brane torus bundles with parabolic monodromy linearly and non-linearly realized respectively. Romans supergravity corresponds to M2-brane compactified on a twice-punctured torus bundle. (copyright 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Identification of market trends with string and D2-brane maps

Science.gov (United States)

Bartoš, Erik; Pinčák, Richard

2017-08-01

The multidimensional string objects are introduced as a new alternative for an application of string models for time series forecasting in trading on financial markets. The objects are represented by open string with 2-endpoints and D2-brane, which are continuous enhancement of 1-endpoint open string model. We show how new object properties can change the statistics of the predictors, which makes them the candidates for modeling a wide range of time series systems. String angular momentum is proposed as another tool to analyze the stability of currency rates except the historical volatility. To show the reliability of our approach with application of string models for time series forecasting we present the results of real demo simulations for four currency exchange pairs.

Non-Lagrangian theories from brane junctions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bao, Ling [Chalmers Univ. of Technology, Goeteborg (Sweden); Mitev, Vladimir [Humboldt Univ., Berlin (Germany). Inst. fuer Mathematik und Inst. fuer Physik; Pomoni, Elli [Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg (Germany). Theory Group; Taki, Masato [RIKEN Nishina Center, Saitama (Japan). Mathematical Physics Lab.; Yagi, Futoshi [International School of Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste (Italy); INFN, Trieste (Italy); Korea Institute for Advanced Study (KIAS), Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

2013-10-15

In this article we use 5-brane junctions to study the 5D T{sub N} SCFTs corresponding to the 5D N=1 uplift of the 4D N=2 strongly coupled gauge theories, which are obtained by compactifying N M5 branes on a sphere with three full punctures. Even though these theories have no Lagrangian description, by using the 5-brane junctions proposed by Benini, Benvenuti and Tachikawa, we are able to derive their Seiberg-Witten curves and Nekrasov partition functions. We cross-check our results with the 5D superconformal index proposed by Kim, Kim and Lee. Through the AGTW correspondence, we discuss the relations between 5D superconformal indices and n-point functions of the q-deformed W{sub N} Toda theories.

Non-Lagrangian theories from brane junctions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bao, Ling; Mitev, Vladimir

2013-10-01

In this article we use 5-brane junctions to study the 5D T N SCFTs corresponding to the 5D N=1 uplift of the 4D N=2 strongly coupled gauge theories, which are obtained by compactifying N M5 branes on a sphere with three full punctures. Even though these theories have no Lagrangian description, by using the 5-brane junctions proposed by Benini, Benvenuti and Tachikawa, we are able to derive their Seiberg-Witten curves and Nekrasov partition functions. We cross-check our results with the 5D superconformal index proposed by Kim, Kim and Lee. Through the AGTW correspondence, we discuss the relations between 5D superconformal indices and n-point functions of the q-deformed W N Toda theories.

Unexorcized ghost in DGP brane world

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Izum, Keisuke; Tanaka, Takahiro; Koyama, Kazuya

2007-01-01

The brane world model proposed by Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati realizes self-acceleration of the universe. However, it is known that this cosmological solution contains a spin-2 ghost. We study the possibility of avoiding the appearance of the ghost by slightly modifying the model via the introduction of a second brane. First, we consider a simple model without stabilization of the brane separation. By changing the separation between the branes, we find that we can erase the spin-2 ghost. However, this can be done only at the expense of the appearance of a spin-0 ghost instead. We discuss why these two different types of ghosts are correlated. Then, we examine a model with stabilization of the brane separation. Even in this case, we find that the correlation between spin-0 and spin-2 ghosts remains. As a result we find that we cannot avoid the appearance of a ghost by introducing a second brane in the model

Ricci-flat branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brecher, D.; Perry, M.J.

2000-01-01

Up to overall harmonic factors, the D8-brane solution of the massive type IIA supergravity theory is the product of nine-dimensional Minkowski space (the world-volume) with the real line (the transverse space). We show that the equations of motion allow for the world-volume metric to be generalised to an arbitrary Ricci-flat one. If this nine-dimensional Ricci-flat manifold admits Killing spinors, then the resulting solutions are supersymmetric and satisfy the usual Bogomol'nyi bound, although they preserve fewer than the usual one half of the supersymmetries. We describe the possible choices of such manifolds, elaborating on the connection between the existence of Killing spinors and the self-duality condition on the curvature two-form. Since the D8-brane is a domain wall in ten dimensions, we are led to consider the general case: domain walls in any supergravity theory. Similar considerations hold here also. Moreover, it is shown that the world-volume of any magnetic brane - of which the domain walls are a specific example - can be generalised in precisely the same way. The general class of supersymmetric solutions have gravitational instantons as their spatial sections. Some mention is made of the world-volume solitons of such branes

Brane solutions sourced by a scalar with vanishing potential and classification of scalar branes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cadoni, Mariano [Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Cagliari,Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato (Italy); INFN, Sezione di Cagliari,Cagliari (Italy); Franzin, Edgardo [Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Cagliari,Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato (Italy); INFN, Sezione di Cagliari,Cagliari (Italy); CENTRA, Departamento de Física, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa,Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, 1049 Lisboa (Portugal); Serra, Matteo [Dipartimento di Matematica, Sapienza Università di Roma,Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma (Italy)

2016-01-20

We derive exact brane solutions of minimally coupled Einstein-Maxwell-scalar gravity in d+2 dimensions with a vanishing scalar potential and we show that these solutions are conformal to the Lifshitz spacetime whose dual QFT is characterized by hyperscaling violation. These solutions, together with the AdS brane and the domain wall sourced by an exponential potential, give the complete list of scalar branes sourced by a generic potential having simple (scale-covariant) scaling symmetries not involving Galilean boosts. This allows us to give a classification of both simple and interpolating brane solution of minimally coupled Einstein-Maxwell-scalar gravity having no Schrödinger isometries, which may be very useful for holographic applications.

Strings, Branes and Symmetries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Westerberg, A.

1997-01-01

Recent dramatic progress in the understanding of the non-perturbative structure of superstring theory shows that extended objects of various kinds, collectively referred to as p-branes, are an integral part of the theory. In this thesis, comprising an introductory text and seven appended research papers, we study various aspects of p-branes with relevance for superstring theory. The first part of the introductory text is a brief review of string theory focussing on the role of p-branes. In particular, we consider the so-called D-branes which currently are attracting a considerable amount of attention. The purpose of this part is mainly to put into context the results of paper 4, 5 and 6 concerning action functionals describing the low-energy dynamics of D-branes. The discussion of perturbative string theory given in this part of the introduction is also intended to provide some background to paper 2 which contains an application of the Reggeon-sewing approach to the construction of string vertices. The second part covers a rather different subject, namely higher-dimensional loop algebras and their cohomology, with the aim of facilitating the reading of papers 1, 3 and 7. The relation to p-branes is to be found in paper 1 where we introduce a certain higher-dimensional generalization of the loop algebra and discuss its potential applicability as a symmetry algebra for p-branes. Papers 3 and 7 are mathematically oriented out-growths of this paper addressing the issue of realizing algebras of this kind, known in physics as current algebras, in terms of pseudo differential operators (PSDOs). The main result of paper 3 is a proof of the equivalence between certain Lie-algebra cocycles on the space of second-quantizable PSDOs

Supergravity, Non-Conformal Field Theories and Brane-Worlds

CERN Document Server

Gherghetta, Tony; Gherghetta, Tony; Oz, Yaron

2002-01-01

We consider the supergravity dual descriptions of non-conformal super Yang-Mills theories realized on the world-volume of Dp-branes. We use the dual description to compute stress-energy tensor and current correlators. We apply the results to the study of dilatonic brane-worlds described by non-conformal field theories coupled to gravity. We find that brane-worlds based on D4 and D5 branes exhibit a localization of gauge and gravitational fields. We calculate the corrections to the Newton and Coulomb laws in these theories.

Brane tilings and their applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yamazaki, M.

2008-01-01

We review recent developments in the theory of brane tilings and four-dimensional N=1 supersymmetric quiver gauge theories. This review consists of two parts. In part I, we describe foundations of brane tilings, emphasizing the physical interpretation of brane tilings as fivebrane systems. In part II, we discuss application of brane tilings to AdS/CFT correspondence and homological mirror symmetry. More topics, such as orientifold of brane tilings, phenomenological model building, similarities with BPS solitons in supersymmetric gauge theories, are also briefly discussed. (Abstract Copyright [2008], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

DDF construction and D-brane boundary states in pure spinor formalism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mukhopadhyay, Partha

2006-01-01

Open string boundary conditions for non-BPS D-branes in type II string theories discussed in hep-th/0505157 give rise to two sectors with integer (R sector) and half-integer (NS sector) modes for the combined fermionic matter and bosonic ghost variables in pure spinor formalism. Exploiting the manifest supersymmetry of the formalism we explicitly construct the DDF (Del Giudice, Di Vecchia, Fubini) states in both the sectors which are in one-to-one correspondence with the states in light-cone Green-Schwarz formalism. We also give a proof of validity of this construction. A similar construction in the closed string sector enables us to define a physical Hilbert space in pure spinor formalism which is used to project the covariant boundary states of both the BPS and non-BPS instantonic D-branes. These projected boundary states take exactly the same form as those found in light-cone Green-Schwarz formalism and are suitable for computing the cylinder diagram with manifest open-closed duality

Instanton counting, Macdonald function and the moduli space of D-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Awata, Hidetoshi; Kanno, Hiroaki

2005-01-01

We argue the connection of Nekrasov's partition function in the Ω background and the moduli space of D-branes, suggested by the idea of geometric engineering and Gopakumar-Vafa invariants. In the instanton expansion of N = 2 SU(2) Yang-Mills theory the Nakrasov's partition function with equivariant parameters ε 1 ,ε 2 of toric action on C 2 factorizes correctly as the character of SU(2) L x SU(2) R spin representation. We show that up to two instantons the spin contents are consistent with the Lefschetz action on the moduli space of D2-branes on (local) F 0 . We also present an attempt at constructing a refined topological vertex in terms of the Macdonald function. The refined topological vertex with two parameters of T 2 action allows us to obtain the generating functions of equivariant χ y and elliptic genera of the Hilbert scheme of n points on C 2 by the method of topological vertex

Geometry and physics of branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gal'tsov, D V

2003-01-01

theory on open and unoriented surfaces. This topic is not a recent discovery but it attracted much attention after the discovery of D-branes and led to the construction of a large number of different new models. After reviewing generalities of two-dimensional CFTs, current algebras, the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation and braid-invariant Green functions, CFT on surfaces with holes and crosscaps is discussed. Then the method of Sagnotti, which allows one to calculate partition functions in the presence of boundaries or crosscaps if the modular matrices are known, is introduced, with explicit examples of the annulus, the Klein bottle and the Moebius strip. The contribution by C Gomez and P Resco treats several topics in string tachyon dynamics. In recent years, a new understanding of the dynamic role of tachyons in string theory has started to emerge, in particular due to A Sen. Starting with a general discussion of tachyon instabilities, the authors explain the Fischler--Susskind mechanism of absorbing the (genus-one) string loop divergences by a renormalization of the worldsheet sigma-model for closed strings. Then the open string contribution to the cosmological constant is considered and the tachyon condensation conjecture is formulated. The tachyon potential calculation is discussed via the beta function computation for an open string. The lectures end up with the K-theory approach to D-branes and the K-version of Sen's conjecture. The third part of the book, which occupies more than half of the volume, is at the advanced level and is addressed to a more mathematically oriented audience. It consists of lectures by K Fukaya (Deformation theory, homological algebra and mirror symmetry), and by A Grassi and M Rossi (Large N dualities and transitions in geometry). The main theme of Fukaya's lectures is the relation between deformation theory and mirror symmetry - more precisely, the part of this direction related to moduli theory. The first part contains the classical

Pre-big-bang model on the brane

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Foffa, Stefano

2002-01-01

The equations of motion and junction conditions for a gravidilaton brane world scenario are studied in the string frame. It is shown that they allow Kasner-like solutions on the brane, which makes the dynamics of the brane very similar to the low curvature phase of pre-big-bang cosmology. Analogies and differences of this scenario with the Randall-Sundrum one and with the standard bulk pre-big-bang dynamics are also discussed

A Gauged Open 2-Brane String in the p-Brane Background

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Monemzadeh, Majid; Sarvi, Fahimeh; Abarghouei Nejad, Salman

2016-01-01

We make a gauge theory from the Open p-brane system and map it into the Open 2-Brane one. Due to the presence of second-class constraints in this model, we encounter some problems during the procedure of quantization. In this regard, considering boundary conditions as Dirac conditions, one can drive the constrained structure of the model at first. Then, with the help of BFT formalism of constraint systems, the Open 2-Brane model is embedded into an extended phase space. For this purpose, we introduce some tensor fields to convert ungauged theory into the gauged one. This is the novel part of our research, while mostly scalar and vector fields are used to convert second-class constraints into first ones.

Newton's law in de Sitter brane

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ghoroku, Kazuo; Nakamura, Akihiro; Yahiro, Masanobu

2003-01-01

Newton potential has been evaluated for the case of dS brane embedded in Minkowski, dS 5 and AdS 5 bulks. We point out that only the AdS 5 bulk might be consistent with the Newton's law from the brane-world viewpoint when we respect a small cosmological constant observed at present universe

Can codimension-two branes solve the cosmological constant problem?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vinet, Jeremie; Cline, James M.

2004-01-01

It has been suggested that codimension-two braneworlds might naturally explain the vanishing of the 4D effective cosmological constant, due to the automatic relation between the deficit angle and the brane tension. To investigate whether this cancellation happens dynamically, and within the context of a realistic cosmology, we study a codimension-two braneworld with spherical extra dimensions compactified by magnetic flux. Assuming Einstein gravity, we show that when the brane contains matter with an arbitrary equation of state, the 4D metric components are not regular at the brane, unless the brane has nonzero thickness. We construct explicit 6D solutions with thick branes, treating the brane matter as a perturbation, and find that the universe expands consistently with standard Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) cosmology. The relation between the brane tension and the bulk deficit angle becomes Δ=2πG 6 (ρ-3p) for a general equation of state. However, this relation does not imply a self-tuning of the effective 4D cosmological constant to zero; perturbations of the brane tension in a static solution lead to deSitter or anti-deSitter braneworlds. Our results thus confirm other recent work showing that codimension-two braneworlds in nonsupersymmetric Einstein gravity do not lead to a dynamical relaxation of the cosmological constant, but they leave open the possibility that supersymmetric versions can be compatible with self-tuning

Axion production from gravitons off interacting 0-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hussain, F.; Iengo, R.; Nunez, C.

1997-01-01

We study axion-graviton scattering from a system of two D0-branes in a type II superstring theory, a process which does not occur on a single brane. The two D0-branes interact via the exchange of closed string states which form a cylinder joining them. By compactifying on the Z 3 orbifold we find a non-vanishing amplitude coming from the odd spin structure sector, thus from the exchanged RR states. We compute, in particular, the leading term of the amplitude at large distance from the branes, which corresponds to taking a field theory limit. This seems to suggest that the process takes place through the coupling of an axion to the RR states exchanged between the 0-branes. (orig.)

Perfect fluid of p-branes, 2D dilaton gravity and the big-bang

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Borlaf, J.

2001-01-01

This paper starts by building the energy-momentum tensor of a perfect fluid of p-branes coupled to (p+4)-dimensional general relativity. Having three homogeneous and isotropic macroscopical spatial dimensions, the system gravity/fluid can be reduced to an effective theory over the branes. For the string fluid (p=1) the effective theory is nothing but the 2D dilaton gravity where the potential for the scalar field, which is the scale factor of the macroscopical space, is fixed by the state equation and the three-dimensional geometry. This theory can be solved allowing us to compare some relevant aspects in our homogeneous and isotropic string cosmologies with those of the Robertson-Walker ones. In particular, unlike the point-particle models, the existence of an initial singularity is strongly sensitive to the state equation, and it is remarkable that this model picks out the radiation state equation as the canonical case where the big-bang is kinematically forbidden. Moreover, we cannot reduce the Robertson-Walker cosmologies to the limit when the string size approaches to zero, because the existence of an upper bound on the string size is not compatible with the big-bang. Some examples are presented

Perfect fluid of p-branes, 2D dilaton gravity and the big-bang

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Borlaf, J. E-mail: jborlaf@redestb.es

2001-01-15

This paper starts by building the energy-momentum tensor of a perfect fluid of p-branes coupled to (p+4)-dimensional general relativity. Having three homogeneous and isotropic macroscopical spatial dimensions, the system gravity/fluid can be reduced to an effective theory over the branes. For the string fluid (p=1) the effective theory is nothing but the 2D dilaton gravity where the potential for the scalar field, which is the scale factor of the macroscopical space, is fixed by the state equation and the three-dimensional geometry. This theory can be solved allowing us to compare some relevant aspects in our homogeneous and isotropic string cosmologies with those of the Robertson-Walker ones. In particular, unlike the point-particle models, the existence of an initial singularity is strongly sensitive to the state equation, and it is remarkable that this model picks out the radiation state equation as the canonical case where the big-bang is kinematically forbidden. Moreover, we cannot reduce the Robertson-Walker cosmologies to the limit when the string size approaches to zero, because the existence of an upper bound on the string size is not compatible with the big-bang. Some examples are presented.

Hidden Borcherds symmetries in Zn orbifolds of M-theory and magnetized D-branes in type 0' orientifolds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bagnoud, Maxime; Carlevaro, Luca

2006-01-01

We study T 11-D-q x T q /Z n orbifold compactifications of eleven-dimensional supergravity and M-theory using a purely algebraic method. Given the description of maximal supergravities reduced on square tori as non-linear coset σ-models, we exploit the mapping between scalar fields of the reduced theory and directions in the tangent space over the coset to construct the orbifold action as a non-Cartan preserving finite order inner automorphism of the complexified U-duality algebra. Focusing on the exceptional serie of Cremmer-Julia groups, we compute the residual U-duality symmetry after orbifold projection and determine the reality properties of their corresponding Lie algebras. We carry out this analysis as far as the hyperbolic e 10 algebra, conjectured to be a symmetry of M-theory. In this case the residual subalgebras are shown to be described by a special class of Borcherds and Kac-Moody algebras, modded out by their centres and derivations. Furthermore, we construct an alternative description of the orbifold action in terms of equivalence classes of shift vectors, and, in D 1, we show that a root of e 10 can always be chosen as the class representative. Then, in the framework of the E 10/10 /K(E 10/10 ) effective σ-model approach to M-theory near a spacelike singularity, we identify these roots with brane configurations stabilizing the corresponding orbifolds. In the particular case of Z 2 orbifolds of M-theory descending to type 0' orientifolds, we argue that these roots can be interpreted as pairs of magnetized D9- and D9'-branes, carrying the lower-dimensional brane charges required for tadpole cancellation. More generally, we provide a classification of all such roots generating Z n product orbifolds for n≤6, and hint at their possible interpretation

Heterotic/type I duality and D-brane instantons

Science.gov (United States)

Bachas, C.; Fabre, C.; Kiritsis, E.; Obers, N. A.; Vanhove, P.

1998-01-01

We study heterotic/type I duality in d = 8, 9 uncompactified dimensions. We consider the special ("BPS-saturated") F4 and R4 terms in the effective one-loop heterotic action, which are expected to be non-perturbatively exact. Under the standard duality map these translate to tree-level, perturbative and non-perturbative contributions on the type I side. We check agreement with the one-loop open string calculation, and discuss the higher-order perturbative contributions, which arise because of the mild non-holomorphicities of the heterotic elliptic genus. We put the heterotic world-sheet instanton corrections in a form that can be motivated as arising from a D-brane instanton calculation on the type I side.

Heterotic/type I duality and D-brane instantons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bachas, C.; Fabre, C.; Vanhove, P.

1998-01-01

We study heterotic/type I duality in d=8,9 uncompactified dimensions. We consider the special (''BPS-saturated'') F 4 and R 4 terms in the effective one-loop heterotic action, which are expected to be non-perturbatively exact. Under the standard duality map these translate to tree-level, perturbative and non-perturbative contributions on the type I side. We check agreement with the one-loop open string calculation, and discuss the higher-order perturbative contributions, which arise because of the mild non-holomorphicities of the heterotic elliptic genus. We put the heterotic world-sheet instanton corrections in a form that can be motivated as arising from a D-brane instanton calculation on the type I side. (orig.)

Heterotic / type-I duality and D-brane instantons

CERN Document Server

Bachas, C P; Kiritsis, Elias B; Obers, N A; Vanhove, P

1998-01-01

We study heterotic/type-I duality in d=8,9 uncompactified dimensions. We consider the special (``BPS saturated'') F^4 and R^4 terms in the effective one-loop heterotic action, which are expected to be non-perturbatively exact. Under the standard duality map these translate to tree-level, perturbative and non-perturbative contributions on the type I side. We check agreement with the one-loop open string calculation, and discuss the higher-order perturbative contributions, which arise because of the mild non-holomorphicities of the heterotic elliptic genus. We put the heterotic world-sheet instanton corrections in a form that can be recognized easily as arising from a D-brane instanton calculation on the type-I side.

The dual formulation of M5-brane action

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ko, Sheng-Lan; Vanichchapongjaroen, Pichet [The Institute for Fundamental Study “The Tah Poe Academia Institute' ,Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000 (Thailand)

2016-06-06

We construct a dual formulation, with respect to the conventional PST formalism, of the M5-brane action propagating in a generic 11d supergravity background. Constraint analysis is performed to further justify that our theory has the correct number of degrees of freedom. Comparison of this action with the existing M5-brane actions is carried out. We also show that a conventional D4-brane action is obtained upon double dimensional reduction.

Brane-Localized Gravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gregory, Ruth

2007-01-01

The study of braneworlds has been an area of intense activity over the past decade, with thousands of papers being written, and many important technical advances being made. This book focuses on a particular aspect of braneworlds, namely perturbative gravity in one specific model: the Randall-Sundrum model. The book starts with an overview of the Randall-Sundrum model, discussing anti-de Sitter (AdS) space and the Israel equations in some detail. It then moves on to discuss cosmological branes, focusing on branes with constant curvature. The book then turns to brane gravity, i.e. what do we, as brane observers, perceive the gravitational interaction to be on the brane as derived from the actual five-dimensional gravitational physics? After a derivation of the general brane equations from the Israel equations, the remainder of the book deals with perturbative gravity. This part of the book is extremely detailed, with calculations given explicitly. Overall, the book is quite pedagogical in style, with the aim being to explain in detail the topics it chooses to cover. While it is not unusual to have books written on current and extremely popular research areas, it is unusual to have calculations written so explicitly. This is both a strength and a weakness of this book. It is a strength because the calculations are presented in a detail that students learning the topic will definitely appreciate; however, the narrow focus of the book also means that it lacks perspective and fails to present the broader context. In choosing to focus on one particular aspect of Randall-Sundrum branes, the book has not managed to communicate why a large number of theorists have worked so intensively on this model. In its early stages, the explicit detail of the Randall-Sundrum model would be extremely useful for a student starting out in this research area. In addition, the calculational detail later in the computation of the graviton propagator on the brane would also be welcome not

Enveloping branes and brane-world singularities

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Antoniadis, Ignatios; Cotsakis, Spiros [CERN-Theory Division, Department of Physics, Geneva 23 (Switzerland); Klaoudatou, Ifigeneia [University of the Aegean, Research Group of Geometry, Dynamical Systems and Cosmology, Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering, Samos (Greece)

2014-12-01

The existence of envelopes is studied for systems of differential equations in connection with the method of asymptotic splittings which allows one to determine the singularity structure of the solutions. The result is applied to brane-worlds consisting of a 3-brane in a five-dimensional bulk, in the presence of an analog of a bulk perfect fluid parameterizing a generic class of bulk matter. We find that all flat brane solutions suffer from a finite-distance singularity contrary to previous claims. We then study the possibility of avoiding finite-distance singularities by cutting the bulk and gluing regular solutions at the position of the brane. Further imposing physical conditions such as finite Planck mass on the brane and positive energy conditions on the bulk fluid, excludes, however, this possibility as well. (orig.)

D-brane gases and stabilization of extra dimensions in dilaton gravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arapoglu, Savas; Kaya, Ali

2004-01-01

We consider a toy cosmological model with a gas of wrapped Dp-branes in 10-dimensional dilaton gravity compactified on a p-dimensional Ricci flat internal manifold. A consistent generalization of the low energy effective field equations in the presence of a conserved brane source coupled to dilaton is obtained. It is then shown that the compact dimensions are dynamically stabilized in string frame as a result of a balance between negative winding and positive momentum pressures. Curiously, when p=6, i.e., when the observed space is three-dimensional, the dilaton becomes a constant and stabilization in Einstein frame is also realized

Negative branes, supergroups and the signature of spacetime

Science.gov (United States)

Dijkgraaf, Robbert; Heidenreich, Ben; Jefferson, Patrick; Vafa, Cumrun

2018-02-01

We study the realization of supergroup gauge theories using negative branes in string theory. We show that negative branes are intimately connected with the possibility of timelike compactification and exotic spacetime signatures previously studied by Hull. Isolated negative branes dynamically generate a change in spacetime signature near their worldvolumes, and are related by string dualities to a smooth M-theory geometry with closed timelike curves. Using negative D3-branes, we show that SU(0| N) supergroup theories are holographically dual to an exotic variant of type IIB string theory on {dS}_{3,2}× {\\overline{S}}^5 , for which the emergent dimensions are timelike. Using branes, mirror symmetry and Nekrasov's instanton calculus, all of which agree, we derive the Seiberg-Witten curve for N=2 SU( N | M ) gauge theories. Together with our exploration of holography and string dualities for negative branes, this suggests that supergroup gauge theories may be non-perturbatively well-defined objects, though several puzzles remain.

Cosmological evolution of p-brane networks

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sousa, L.; Avelino, P. P.

2011-01-01

In this paper we derive, directly from the Nambu-Goto action, the relevant components of the acceleration of cosmological featureless p-branes, extending previous analysis based on the field theory equations in the thin-brane limit. The component of the acceleration parallel to the velocity is at the core of the velocity-dependent one-scale model for the evolution of p-brane networks. We use this model to show that, in a decelerating expanding universe in which the p-branes are relevant cosmologically, interactions cannot lead to frustration, except for fine-tuned nonrelativistic networks with a dimensionless curvature parameter k<<1. We discuss the implications of our findings for the cosmological evolution of p-brane networks.

Phantomlike behavior in a brane-world model with curvature effects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bouhmadi-Lopez, Mariam; Moniz, Paulo Vargas

2008-01-01

Recent observational evidence seems to allow the possibility that our Universe may currently be under a dark energy effect of a phantom nature. A suitable effective phantom fluid behavior can emerge in brane cosmology; in particular, within the normal non-self-accelerating Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati branch, without any exotic matter and due to curvature effects from induced gravity. The phantomlike behavior is based in defining an effective energy density that grows as the brane expands. This effective description breaks down at some point in the past when the effective energy density becomes negative and the effective equation of state parameter blows up. In this paper we investigate if the phantomlike regime can be enlarged by the inclusion of a Gauss-Bonnet (GB) term into the bulk. The motivation is that such a GB component would model additional curvature effects on the brane setting. More precisely, our aim is to determine if the GB term, dominating and modifying the early behavior of the brane universe, may eventually extend the regime of validity of the phantom mimicry on the brane. However, we show that the opposite occurs: the GB effect seems instead to induce a breakdown of the phantomlike behavior at an even smaller redshift.

Time-dependent AdS backgrounds from S-branes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Deger, Nihat Sadik, E-mail: sadik.deger@boun.edu.tr [Department of Mathematics, Bogazici University, Bebek, 34342, Istanbul (Turkey); Feza Gursey Center for Physics and Mathematics, Bogazici University, Kandilli, 34684, Istanbul (Turkey)

2016-11-10

We construct time and radial dependent solutions that describe p-branes in chargeless S-brane backgrounds. In particular, there are some new M5- and D3-branes among our solutions which have AdS limits and contain a cosmological singularity as well. We also find a time-dependent version of the dyonic membrane configuration in 11-dimensions by applying a Lunin–Maldacena deformation to our new M5-brane solution.

Brane orbits

CERN Document Server

Bergshoeff, Eric A; Riccioni, Fabio

2012-01-01

We complete the classification of half-supersymmetric branes in toroidally compactified IIA/IIB string theory in terms of representations of the T-duality group. As a by-product we derive a last wrapping rule for the space-filling branes. We find examples of T-duality representations of branes in lower dimensions, suggested by supergravity, of which none of the component branes follow from the reduction of any brane in ten-dimensional IIA/IIB string theory. We discuss the constraints on the charges of half-supersymmetric branes, determining the corresponding T-duality and U-duality orbits.

Two-loop N=4 super-Yang-Mills effective action and interaction between D3-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Buchbinder, I.L.; Petrov, A.Yu.; Tseytlin, A.A.

2002-01-01

We compute the leading low-energy term in the planar part of the 2-loop contribution to the effective action of N=4 SYM theory in 4 dimensions, assuming that the gauge group SU(N+1) is broken to SU(N)xU(1) by a constant scalar background X. While the leading 1-loop correction is the familiar c 1 F 4 /vertical bar X vertical bar 4 term, the 2-loop expression starts with c 2 F 6 /vertical bar X vertical bar 8 . The 1-loop constant c 1 is known to be equal to the coefficient of the F 4 term in the Born-Infeld action for a probe D3-brane separated by distance vertical bar X vertical bar from a large number N of coincident D3-branes. We show that the same is true also for the 2-loop constant c 2 : it matches the coefficient of the F 6 term in the D3-brane probe action. In the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence, this agreement suggests a non-renormalization of the coefficient of the F 6 term beyond two loops. Thus the result of hep-th/9706072 about the agreement between the v 6 term in the D0-brane supergravity interaction potential and the corresponding 2-loop term in the (1+0)-dimensional reduction of N=4 SYM theory has indeed a direct generalization to 1+3 dimensions, as conjectured earlier in hep-th/9709087. We also discuss the issue of gauge theory-supergravity correspondence for higher order (F 8 , etc.) terms

Thermodynamics of spinning branes and their dual field theories

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Harmark, Troels; Obers, N. A.

2000-01-01

We discuss general spinning p-branes of string and M-theory and use their thermodynamics along with the correspondence between near-horizon brane solutions and field theories with 16 supercharges to describe the thermodynamic behavior of these theories in the presence of voltages under the R......-symmetry. The thermodynamics is used to provide two pieces of evidence in favor of a smooth interpolation function between the free energy at weak and strong coupling of the field theory. (i) A computation of the boundaries of stability shows that for the D2, D3, D4, M2 and M5-branes the critical values of Omega/T in the two...... limits are remarkably close and (ii) The tree-level R^4 corrections to the spinning D3-brane generate a decrease in the free energy at strong coupling towards the weak coupling result. We also comment on the generalization to spinning brane bound states and their thermodynamics, which are relevant...

Thick branes with inner structure in mimetic gravity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhong, Yi; Zhang, Yu-Peng; Liu, Yu-Xiao [Lanzhou University, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Lanzhou (China); Lanzhou University, Research Center of Gravitation, Lanzhou (China); Zhong, Yuan [Xi' an Jiaotong University, School of Science, Xi' an (China)

2018-01-15

In this paper, thick branes generated by mimetic scalar field are investigated. Three typical thick brane models are constructed and the linear tensor and scalar perturbations are analyzed. These branes have different inner structures, some of which are absent in general relativity. For each brane model, the solution is stable under both tensor and scalar perturbations. The tensor zero modes are localized on the branes, while the scalar perturbations do not propagate and they are not localized on the brane. As the branes split into multi sub-branes for specific parameters, the potentials of the tensor perturbations also split into multi-wells, and this may lead to new phenomenon in the resonance of the tensor perturbation and the localization of matter fields. (orig.)

Origami world

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaloper, Nemanja

2004-01-01

We paste together patches of AdS 6 to find solutions which describe two 4-branes intersecting on a 3-brane with non-zero tension. We construct explicitly brane arrays with Minkowski, de Sitter and Anti-de Sitter geometries intrinsic to the 3-brane, and describe how to generalize these solutions to the case of AdS 4+n, n > 2, where n n+2-branes intersect on a 3-brane. The Minkowski and de Sitter solutions localize gravity to the intersection, leading to 4D Newtonian gravity at large distances. We show this explicitly in the case of Minkowski origami by finding the zero-mode graviton, and computing the couplings of the bulk gravitons to the matter on the intersection. In de Sitter case, this follows from the finiteness of the bulk volume. The effective 4D Planck scale depends on the square of the fundamental 6D Planck scale, the AdS 6 radius and the angles between the 4-branes and the radial AdS direction, and for the Minkowski origami it is M 4 2 = {2/3}(tan α 1 +tan α 2 )M * 4 L 2 . If M * ∼ few x TeV this may account for the Planck-electroweak hierarchy even if L ∼ 10 -4 m, with a possibility for sub-millimeter corrections to the Newton's law. We comment on the early universe cosmology of such models. (author)

E{sub 6} Yukawa couplings in F-theory as D-brane instanton effects

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Collinucci, Andrés [Physique Théorique et Mathématique and International Solvay Institutes,Université Libre de Bruxelles, C.P. 231, 1050 Bruxelles (Belgium); García-Etxebarria, Iñaki [Max Planck Institute for Physics,Föhringer Ring 6, 80805 Munich (Germany)

2017-03-29

At weak coupling the neighborhood of a E{sub 6} Yukawa point in SU(5) GUT F-theory models is described by a non-resolvable orientifold of the conifold. We explicitly show, first directly in IIB and then via a mirror symmetry argument, that in this limit the E{sub 6} Yukawa coupling is better described as coming from the non-perturbative contribution of a euclidean D1-brane wrapping the non-resolvable cycle. We also discuss how the M-theory description interpolates between the weak and strong coupling viewpoints.

Giant graviton interactions and M2-branes ending on multiple M5-branes

Science.gov (United States)

Hirano, Shinji; Sato, Yuki

2018-05-01

We study splitting and joining interactions of giant gravitons with angular momenta N 1/2 ≪ J ≪ N in the type IIB string theory on AdS 5 × S 5 by describing them as instantons in the tiny graviton matrix model introduced by Sheikh-Jabbari. At large J the instanton equation can be mapped to the four-dimensional Laplace equation and the Coulomb potential for m point charges in an n-sheeted Riemann space corresponds to the m-to- n interaction process of giant gravitons. These instantons provide the holographic dual of correlators of all semi-heavy operators and the instanton amplitudes exactly agree with the pp-wave limit of Schur polynomial correlators in N = 4 SYM computed by Corley, Jevicki and Ramgoolam. By making a slight change of variables the same instanton equation is mathematically transformed into the Basu-Harvey equation which describes the system of M2-branes ending on M5-branes. As it turns out, the solutions to the sourceless Laplace equation on an n-sheeted Riemann space correspond to n M5-branes connected by M2-branes and we find general solutions representing M2-branes ending on multiple M5-branes. Among other solutions, the n = 3 case describes an M2-branes junction ending on three M5-branes. The effective theory on the moduli space of our solutions might shed light on the low energy effective theory of multiple M5-branes.

Bulk renormalization and particle spectrum in codimension-two brane worlds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Salvio, Alberto

2013-01-01

We study the Casimir energy due to bulk loops of matter fields in codimension-two brane worlds and discuss how effective field theory methods allow us to use this result to renormalize the bulk and brane operators. In the calculation we explicitly sum over the Kaluza-Klein (KK) states with a new convenient method, which is based on a combined use of zeta function and dimensional regularization. Among the general class of models we consider we include a supersymmetric example, 6D gauged chiral supergravity. Although much of our discussion is more general, we treat in some detail a class of compactifications, where the extra dimensions parametrize a rugby ball shaped space with size stabilized by a bulk magnetic flux. The rugby ball geometry requires two branes, which can host the Standard Model fields and carry both tension and magnetic flux (of the bulk gauge field), the leading terms in a derivative expansion. The brane properties have an impact on the KK spectrum and therefore on the Casimir energy as well as on the renormalization of the brane operators. A very interesting feature is that when the two branes carry exactly the same amount of flux, one half of the bulk supersymmetries survives after the compactification, even if the brane tensions are large. We also discuss the implications of these calculations for the natural value of the cosmological constant when the bulk has two large extra dimensions and the bulk supersymmetry is partially preserved (or completely broken).

Scalar field localization on a brane with cosmological constant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ghoroku, Kazuo; Yahiro, Masanobu

2003-01-01

We investigate the localization of a massive scalar for both dS and AdS branes, where the scalar mass is varied from the massive-particle region to the tachyon region. We find that the eigenmass m of the localized mode satisfies a simple relation m 2 = cM 2 with a positive constant c for the dS brane, and m 2 = c 1 M 2 + c 2 with positive constants c 1 and c 2 for the AdS brane. We discuss the relation of these results to the stability of the brane and also some cosmological problems

Isolated Minkowski vacua, and stability analysis for an extended brane in the rugby ball

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Himmetoglu, Burak; Peloso, Marco

2007-01-01

We study a recently proposed model, where a codimension one brane is wrapped around the axis of symmetry of an internal two-dimensional space compactified by a flux. This construction is free from the problems which plague delta-like, codimension two branes, where only tension can be present. In contrast, arbitrary fields can be localized on this extended brane, and their gravitational interaction is standard 4d gravity at large distances. In the first part of this work, we study the de Sitter (dS) vacua of the model. The landscape of these vacua is characterized by discrete points labeled by two integer numbers, related to the flux responsible for the compactification and to the current of a brane field. A Minkowski external space emerges only for a special ratio between these two integers, and it is therefore (topologically) isolated from the nearby dS solutions. In the second part, we show that the Minkowski vacua are stable under the most generic axially-symmetric perturbations, and we argue that this is sufficient to ensure the overall stability

Isolated Minkowski vacua, and stability analysis for an extended brane in the rugby ball

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Himmetoglu, Burak [School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 (United States); Peloso, Marco [School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 (United States)]. E-mail: peloso@physics.umn.edu

2007-06-25

We study a recently proposed model, where a codimension one brane is wrapped around the axis of symmetry of an internal two-dimensional space compactified by a flux. This construction is free from the problems which plague delta-like, codimension two branes, where only tension can be present. In contrast, arbitrary fields can be localized on this extended brane, and their gravitational interaction is standard 4d gravity at large distances. In the first part of this work, we study the de Sitter (dS) vacua of the model. The landscape of these vacua is characterized by discrete points labeled by two integer numbers, related to the flux responsible for the compactification and to the current of a brane field. A Minkowski external space emerges only for a special ratio between these two integers, and it is therefore (topologically) isolated from the nearby dS solutions. In the second part, we show that the Minkowski vacua are stable under the most generic axially-symmetric perturbations, and we argue that this is sufficient to ensure the overall stability.

Isolated Minkowski vacua, and stability analysis for an extended brane in the rugby ball

Science.gov (United States)

Himmetoǧlu, Burak; Peloso, Marco

2007-06-01

We study a recently proposed model, where a codimension one brane is wrapped around the axis of symmetry of an internal two-dimensional space compactified by a flux. This construction is free from the problems which plague delta-like, codimension two branes, where only tension can be present. In contrast, arbitrary fields can be localized on this extended brane, and their gravitational interaction is standard 4d gravity at large distances. In the first part of this work, we study the de Sitter (dS) vacua of the model. The landscape of these vacua is characterized by discrete points labeled by two integer numbers, related to the flux responsible for the compactification and to the current of a brane field. A Minkowski external space emerges only for a special ratio between these two integers, and it is therefore (topologically) isolated from the nearby dS solutions. In the second part, we show that the Minkowski vacua are stable under the most generic axially-symmetric perturbations, and we argue that this is sufficient to ensure the overall stability.

Cosmic microwave background radiation anisotropies in brane worlds.

Science.gov (United States)

Koyama, Kazuya

2003-11-28

We propose a new formulation to calculate the cosmic microwave background (CMB) spectrum in the Randall-Sundrum two-brane model based on recent progress in solving the bulk geometry using a low energy approximation. The evolution of the anisotropic stress imprinted on the brane by the 5D Weyl tensor is calculated. An impact of the dark radiation perturbation on the CMB spectrum is investigated in a simple model assuming an initially scale-invariant adiabatic perturbation. The dark radiation perturbation induces isocurvature perturbations, but the resultant spectrum can be quite different from the prediction of simple mixtures of adiabatic and isocurvature perturbations due to Weyl anisotropic stress.

The goldstino brane, the constrained superfields and matter in N=1 supergravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bandos, Igor; Heller, Markus; Kuzenko, Sergei M.; Martucci, Luca; Sorokin, Dmitri

2016-01-01

We show that different (brane and constrained superfield) descriptions for the Volkov-Akulov goldstino coupled to N=1, D=4 supergravity with matter produce similar wide classes of models with spontaneously broken local supersymmetry and discuss the relation between the different formulations. As with the formulations with irreducible constrained superfields, the geometric goldstino brane approach has the advantage of being manifestly off-shell supersymmetric without the need to introduce auxiliary fields. It provides an explicit solution of the nilpotent superfield constraints and avoids issues with non-Gaussian integration of auxiliary fields. We describe general couplings of the supersymmetry breaking sector, including the goldstino and other non-supersymmetric matter, to supergravity and matter supermultiplets. Among various examples, we discuss a goldstino brane contribution to the gravitino mass term and the supersymmetrization of the anti-D3-brane contribution to the effective theory of type IIB warped flux compactifications.

The goldstino brane, the constrained superfields and matter in N=1 supergravity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bandos, Igor [Department of Theoretical Physics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU,P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao (Spain); IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science,48011, Bilbao (Spain); Heller, Markus [Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Galileo Galilei' , Università degli Studi di Padova,Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova (Italy); Institut für Theoretische Physik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität,Philosophenweg 19, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany); Kuzenko, Sergei M. [School of Physics M013, The University of Western Australia35 Stirling Highway, Crawley W.A. 6009 (Australia); Martucci, Luca [Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Galileo Galilei' , Università degli Studi di Padova,Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova (Italy); INFN - Sezione di Padova,Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova (Italy); Sorokin, Dmitri [INFN - Sezione di Padova,Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova (Italy); Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Galileo Galilei' , Università degli Studi di Padova,Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova (Italy)

2016-11-21

We show that different (brane and constrained superfield) descriptions for the Volkov-Akulov goldstino coupled to N=1, D=4 supergravity with matter produce similar wide classes of models with spontaneously broken local supersymmetry and discuss the relation between the different formulations. As with the formulations with irreducible constrained superfields, the geometric goldstino brane approach has the advantage of being manifestly off-shell supersymmetric without the need to introduce auxiliary fields. It provides an explicit solution of the nilpotent superfield constraints and avoids issues with non-Gaussian integration of auxiliary fields. We describe general couplings of the supersymmetry breaking sector, including the goldstino and other non-supersymmetric matter, to supergravity and matter supermultiplets. Among various examples, we discuss a goldstino brane contribution to the gravitino mass term and the supersymmetrization of the anti-D3-brane contribution to the effective theory of type IIB warped flux compactifications.

A scalar-tensor bimetric brane world cosmology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Youm, Donam

2001-08-01

We study a scalar-tensor bimetric cosmology in the Randall-Sundrum model with one positive tension brane, where the biscalar field is assumed to be confined on the brane. The effective Friedmann equations on the brane are obtained and analyzed. We comment on resolution of cosmological problems in this bimetric model. (author)

Deriving all p-brane superalgebras via integrability

Science.gov (United States)

Grasso, D. T.; McArthur, I. N.

2018-03-01

In previous work we demonstrated that the enlarged super-Poincare algebras which underlie p-brane and D-brane actions in superstring theory can be directly determined based on the integrability of supersymmetry transformations assigned to fields appearing in Wess-Zumino terms. In that work we derived p-brane superalgebras for p = 2 and 3. Here we extend our previous results and give a compact expression for superalgebras for all valid p.

Brane solutions of a spherical sigma model in six dimensions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Hyun Min; Papazoglou, Antonios

2005-01-01

We explore solutions of six-dimensional gravity coupled to a non-linear sigma model, in the presence of codimension-two branes. We investigate the compactifications induced by a spherical scalar manifold and analyze the conditions under which they are of finite volume and singularity free. We discuss the issue of single-valuedness of the scalar fields and provide some special embedding of the scalar manifold to the internal space which solves this problem. These brane solutions furnish some self-tuning features, however they do not provide a satisfactory explanation of the vanishing of the effective four-dimensional cosmological constant. We discuss the properties of this model in relation with the self-tuning example based on a hyperbolic sigma model

Black and super p-branes in diverse dimensions

CERN Document Server

Duff, Michael J

1994-01-01

We present a generic Lagrangian, in arbitrary spacetime dimension $D$, describing the interaction of a dilaton, a graviton and an antisymmetric tensor of arbitrary rank $d$. For each $D$~and~$d$, we find ``solitonic'' black $\\tilde{p}$-brane solutions where $\\tilde{p} = \\tilde{d} - 1$~and~ $\\tilde d = D - d - 2$. These solutions display a spacetime singularity surrounded by an event horizon, and are characterized by a mass per unit $\\tilde p$-volume, ${\\cal M}_{\\tilde{d}}$, and topological ``magnetic'' charge $g_{\\tilde{d}}$, obeying $\\kappa {\\cal M}_{\\tilde{d}} \\geq g_{\\tilde{d}}/ \\sqrt{2}$. In the extreme limit $\\kappa {\\cal M}_{\\tilde{d}}=g_{\\tilde{d}}/ \\sqrt{2}$, the singularity and event horizon coalesce. For specific values of $D$~and~$d$, these extreme solutions also exhibit supersymmetry and may be identified with previously classified heterotic, Type IIA and Type IIB super $\\tilde p$-branes. The theory also admits elementary $p$-brane solutions with ``electric'' Noether charge $e_d$, obeying the Dira...

Quantum billiards with branes on product of Einstein spaces

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ivashchuk, V.D. [VNIIMS, Center for Gravitation and Fundamental Metrology, Moscow (Russian Federation); Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Institute of Gravitation and Cosmology, Moscow (Russian Federation)

2016-05-15

We consider a gravitational model in dimension D with several forms, l scalar fields and a Λ-term. We study cosmological-type block-diagonal metrics defined on a product of an 1-dimensional interval and n oriented Einstein spaces. As an electromagnetic composite brane ansatz is adopted and certain restrictions on the branes are imposed the conformally covariant Wheeler-DeWitt (WDW) equation for the model is studied. Under certain restrictions, asymptotic solutions to the WDW equation are found in the limit of the formation of the billiard walls. These solutions reduce the problem to the so-called quantum billiard in (n + l -1)-dimensional hyperbolic space. Several examples of quantum billiards in the model with electric and magnetic branes, e.g. corresponding to hyperbolic Kac-Moody algebras, are considered. In the case n = 2 we find a set of basis asymptotic solutions to the WDW equation and derive asymptotic solutions for the metric in the classical case. (orig.)

Dynamical SUSY Breaking at Meta-Stable Minima from D-branes at Obstructed Geometries

CERN Document Server

Franco, S; Franco, Sebastian; Uranga, Angel M .

2006-01-01

We study the existence of long-lived meta-stable supersymmetry breaking vacua in gauge theories with massless quarks, upon the addition of extra massive flavors. A simple realization is provided by a modified version of SQCD with N_{f,0} < N_c massless flavors, N_{f,1} massive flavors and additional singlet chiral fields. This theory has local meta-stable minima separated from a runaway behavior at infinity by a potential barrier. We find further examples of such meta-stable minima in flavored versions of quiver gauge theories on fractional branes at singularities with obstructed complex deformations, and study the case of the dP_1 theory in detail. Finally, we provide an explicit String Theory construction of such theories. The additional flavors arise from D7-branes on non-compact 4-cycles of the singularity, for which we find a new efficient description using dimer techniques.

Rotating D3 branes and QCD in three dimensions

CERN Document Server

Russo, Jorge G.; Russo, Jorge G.; Sfetsos, Konstadinos

1999-01-01

We investigate the rotating D3 brane solution with maximum number of angular momentum parameters. After determining the angular velocities, Hawking temperature, ADM mass and entropy, we use this geometry to construct general three-parameter models of non-supersymmetric pure SU(N) Yang-Mills theories in 2+1 dimensions. We calculate glueball masses in the WKB approximation and obtain closed analytic expressions for generic values of the parameters. We also determine the masses of Kaluza--Klein states associated with internal parts of the ten-dimensional metric and investigate the parameter region where some of these states are decoupled. To leading order in 1/\\lambda and 1/N (where \\lambda is the 't Hooft coupling) we find a global U(1)^3 symmetry and states with masses comparable to glueball masses, which have no counterpart in the more familiar (finite \\lambda, N) Yang-Mills theories.

Boundary conformal field theory and the worldsheet approach to D-branes

CERN Document Server

Recknagel, Andreas

2013-01-01

Boundary conformal field theory is concerned with a class of two-dimensional quantum field theories which display a rich mathematical structure and have many applications ranging from string theory to condensed matter physics. In particular, the framework allows discussion of strings and branes directly at the quantum level. Written by internationally renowned experts, this comprehensive introduction to boundary conformal field theory reaches from theoretical foundations to recent developments, with an emphasis on the algebraic treatment of string backgrounds. Topics covered include basic concepts in conformal field theory with and without boundaries, the mathematical description of strings and D-branes, and the geometry of strongly curved spacetime. The book offers insights into string geometry that go beyond classical notions. Describing the theory from basic concepts, and providing numerous worked examples from conformal field theory and string theory, this reference is of interest to graduate students and...

Electromagnetic force on a brane

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li, Li-Xin

2016-01-01

A fundamental assumption in the theory of brane world is that all matter and radiation are confined on the four-dimensional brane and only gravitons can propagate in the five-dimensional bulk spacetime. The brane world theory did not provide an explanation for the existence of electromagnetic fields and the origin of the electromagnetic field equation. In this paper, we propose a model for explaining the existence of electromagnetic fields on a brane and deriving the electromagnetic field equation. Similar to the case in Kaluza–Klein theory, we find that electromagnetic fields and the electromagnetic field equation can be derived from the five-dimensional Einstein field equation. However, the derived electromagnetic field equation differs from the Maxwell equation by containing a term with the electromagnetic potential vector coupled to the spacetime curvature tensor. So it can be considered as generalization of the Maxwell equation in a curved spacetime. The gravitational field equation on the brane is also derived with the stress–energy tensor for electromagnetic fields explicitly included and the Weyl tensor term explicitly expressed with matter fields and their derivatives in the direction of the extra-dimension. The model proposed in the paper can be regarded as unification of electromagnetic and gravitational interactions in the framework of brane world theory. (paper)

Regular Bulk Solutions in Brane-Worlds with Inhomogeneous Dust and Generalized Dark Radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rocha, Roldão da; Kuerten, A. M.; Herrera-Aguilar, A.

2015-01-01

From the dynamics of a brane-world with matter fields present in the bulk, the bulk metric and the black string solution near the brane are generalized, when both the dynamics of inhomogeneous dust/generalized dark radiation on the brane-world and inhomogeneous dark radiation in the bulk as well are considered as exact dynamical collapse solutions. Based on the analysis on the inhomogeneous static exterior of a collapsing sphere of homogeneous dark radiation on the brane, the associated black string warped horizon is studied, as well as the 5D bulk metric near the brane. Moreover, the black string and the bulk are shown to be more regular upon time evolution, for suitable values for the dark radiation parameter in the model, by analyzing the soft physical singularities

Origami world

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kaloper, Nemanja E-mail: kaloper@solid.ucdavis.edu

2004-05-01

We paste together patches of AdS{sub 6} to find solutions which describe two 4-branes intersecting on a 3-brane with non-zero tension. We construct explicitly brane arrays with Minkowski, de Sitter and Anti-de Sitter geometries intrinsic to the 3-brane, and describe how to generalize these solutions to the case of AdS{sub 4+n,} n > 2, where n n+2-branes intersect on a 3-brane. The Minkowski and de Sitter solutions localize gravity to the intersection, leading to 4D Newtonian gravity at large distances. We show this explicitly in the case of Minkowski origami by finding the zero-mode graviton, and computing the couplings of the bulk gravitons to the matter on the intersection. In de Sitter case, this follows from the finiteness of the bulk volume. The effective 4D Planck scale depends on the square of the fundamental 6D Planck scale, the AdS{sub 6} radius and the angles between the 4-branes and the radial AdS direction, and for the Minkowski origami it is M{sub 4}{sup 2} = {l_brace}2/3{r_brace}(tan {alpha}{sub 1}+tan {alpha}{sub 2})M{sub *}{sup 4}L{sup 2}. If M{sub *} {approx} few x TeV this may account for the Planck-electroweak hierarchy even if L {approx} 10{sup -4}m, with a possibility for sub-millimeter corrections to the Newton's law. We comment on the early universe cosmology of such models. (author)

Brane gases in the early Universe

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alexander, S.; Brandenberger, R.; Easson, D.

2000-01-01

Over the past decade it has become clear that fundamental strings are not the only fundamental degrees of freedom in string theory. D-branes are also part of the spectrum of fundamental states. In this paper we explore some possible effects of D-branes on early Universe string cosmology, starting with two key assumptions: firstly that the initial state of the Universe corresponded to a dense, hot gas in which all degrees of freedom were in thermal equilibrium, and secondly that the topology of the background space admits one-cycles. We argue by t duality that in this context the cosmological singularities are not present. We derive the equation of state of the brane gases and apply the results to suggest that, in an expanding background, the winding modes of fundamental strings will play the most important role at late times. In particular, we argue that the string winding modes will only allow four space-time dimensions to become large. The presence of brane winding modes with p>1 may lead to a hierarchy in the sizes of the extra dimensions

Quasinormal modes of brane-localized standard model fields. II. Kerr black holes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kanti, P.; Konoplya, R. A.; Zhidenko, A.

2006-01-01

This paper presents a comprehensive study of the fundamental quasinormal modes of all standard model fields propagating on a brane embedded in a higher-dimensional rotating black-hole spacetime. The equations of motion for fields with spin s=0, 1/2 and 1 propagating in the induced-on-the-brane background are solved numerically, and the dependence of their QN spectra on the black-hole angular momentum and dimensionality of spacetime is investigated. It is found that the brane-localized field perturbations are longer-lived when the higher-dimensional black hole rotates faster, while an increase in the number of transverse-to-the-brane dimensions reduces their lifetime. Finally, the quality factor Q, that determines the best oscillator among the different field perturbations, is investigated and found to depend on properties of both the particular field studied (spin, multipole numbers) and the gravitational background (dimensionality, black-hole angular momentum parameter)

Space-time uncertainty and approaches to D-brane field theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yoneya, Tamiaki

2008-01-01

In connection with the space-time uncertainty principle which gives a simple qualitative characterization of non-local or non-commutative nature of short-distance space-time structure in string theory, the author's recent approaches toward field theories for D-branes are briefly outlined, putting emphasis on some key ideas lying in the background. The final section of the present report is devoted partially to a tribute to Yukawa on the occasion of the centennial of his birth. (author)

Lepton flavour violation in RS models with a brane- or nearly brane-localized Higgs

Science.gov (United States)

Beneke, M.; Moch, P.; Rohrwild, J.

2016-05-01

We perform a comprehensive study of charged lepton flavour violation in Randall-Sundrum (RS) models in a fully 5D quantum-field-theoretical framework. We consider the RS model with minimal field content and a ;custodially protected; extension as well as three implementations of the IR-brane localized Higgs field, including the non-decoupling effect of the KK excitations of a narrow bulk Higgs. Our calculation provides the first complete result for the flavour-violating electromagnetic dipole operator in Randall-Sundrum models. It contains three contributions with different dependence on the magnitude of the anarchic 5D Yukawa matrix, which can all be important in certain parameter regions. We study the typical range for the branching fractions of μ → eγ, μ → 3 e, μN → eN as well as τ → μγ, τ → 3 μ and the electron electric dipole moment by a numerical scan in both the minimal and the custodial RS model. The combination of μ → eγ and μN → eN currently provides the most stringent constraint on the parameter space of the model. A typical lower limit on the KK scale T is around 2 TeV in the minimal model (up to 4 TeV in the bulk Higgs case with large Yukawa couplings), and around 4 TeV in the custodially protected model, which corresponds to a mass of about 10 TeV for the first KK excitations, far beyond the lower limit from the non-observation of direct production at the LHC.

Heun equation in a 5D sine-Gordon brane-world model with dilaton

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cunha, M.S.; Christiansen, H.

2011-01-01

Full text: In a brane-world scenario we find the propagation modes of the gauge field in a five-dimensional space-time. We adopt warping factors of the Randall-Sundrum type which are appropriate to regularize the hierarchy problem without imposing finite compactified extra dimensions. The existence and localization of gauge particles in the ordinary four-dimensional world is studied in detail on a thick brane derived out from the equations of motion of an action with a sine-Gordon potential contribution. Maxwell zero modes together with torsion effective fields are then obtained in a gravity-dilaton background inspired in close string theories. The dilaton plays a crucial role in order that the gauge field gets localized in a conformally invariant context. Kaluza-Klein massive states are also computed and, depending on certain parameters like dilaton coupling constant and asymptotic curvature, we are able to do it fully analytically. In a general approach we find that the solutions are of the Heun type. In some specific cases we can show that the Heun general solutions can be transformed into hypergeometric functions. In others, confluent Heun solutions can be transformed into simpler functions like Mathieu functions. Exact mass spectra are found in several cases. In others, we performed numerical calculations that show a well behaved phenomenology as well. In all the cases, Kaluza-Klein modes are strongly suppressed on the brane in the effective four-dimensional theory. (author)

3d N=2 mirror symmetry, pq-webs and monopole superpotentials

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Benvenuti, Sergio [International School of Advanced Studies (SISSA),via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste (Italy); INFN, Sezione di Trieste,Trieste (Italy); Pasquetti, Sara [Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca,I-20126 Milano (Italy)

2016-08-23

D3 branes stretching between webs of (p,q) 5branes provide an interesting class of 3dN=2 theories. For generic pq-webs however the low energy field theory is not known. We use 3d mirror symmetry and Type IIB S-duality to construct Abelian gauge theories corresponding to D3 branes ending on both sides of a pq-web made of many coincident NS5’s intersecting one D5. These theories contain chiral monopole operators in the superpotential and enjoy a non trivial pattern of global symmetry enhancements. In the special case of the pq-web with one D5 and one NS5, the 3d low energy SCFT admits three dual formulations. This triality can be applied locally inside bigger quiver gauge theories. We prove our statements using partial mirror symmetry à la Kapustin-Strassler, showing the equality of the S{sub b}{sup 3} partition functions and studying the quantum chiral rings.

Left-right entanglement entropy of Dp-branes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zayas, Leopoldo A. Pando [The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics,Strada Costiera 11, 34014 Trieste (Italy); Michigan Center for Theoretical Physics, Randall Laboratory of Physics,The University of Michigan,450 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1120 (United States); Quiroz, Norma [Departamento de Ciencias Exactas, Tecnología y Metodología,Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara,Enrique Arreola Silva 883, C.P. 49000, Cd. Guzmán, Jalisco (Mexico)

2016-11-04

We compute the left-right entanglement entropy for Dp-branes in string theory. We employ the CFT approach to string theory Dp-branes, in particular, its presentation as coherent states of the closed string sector. The entanglement entropy is computed as the von Neumann entropy for a density matrix resulting from integration over the left-moving degrees of freedom. We discuss various crucial ambiguities related to sums over spin structures and argue that different choices capture different physics; however, we advance a themodynamic argument that seems to favor a particular choice of replica. We also consider Dp branes on compact dimensions and verify that the effects of T-duality act covariantly on the Dp brane entanglement entropy. We find that generically the left-right entanglement entropy provides a suitable generalization of boundary entropy and of the D-brane tension.

Strong coupling in F-theory and geometrically non-Higgsable seven-branes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

James Halverson

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Geometrically non-Higgsable seven-branes carry gauge sectors that cannot be broken by complex structure deformation, and there is growing evidence that such configurations are typical in F-theory. We study strongly coupled physics associated with these branes. Axiodilaton profiles are computed using Ramanujan's theories of elliptic functions to alternative bases, showing explicitly that the string coupling is O(1 in the vicinity of the brane; that it sources nilpotent SL(2,Z monodromy and therefore the associated brane charges are modular; and that essentially all F-theory compactifications have regions with order one string coupling. It is shown that non-perturbative SU(3 and SU(2 seven-branes are related to weakly coupled counterparts with D7-branes via deformation-induced Hanany–Witten moves on (p,q string junctions that turn them into fundamental open strings; only the former may exist for generic complex structure. D3-brane near these and the Kodaira type II seven-branes probe Argyres–Douglas theories. The BPS states of slightly deformed theories are shown to be dyonic string junctions.

Brane surgery: energy conditions, traversable wormholes, and voids

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barcelo, Carlos; Visser, Matt

2000-01-01

Branes are ubiquitous elements of any low-energy limit of string theory. We point out that negative tension branes violate all the standard energy conditions of the higher-dimensional spacetime they are embedded in; this opens the door to very peculiar solutions of the higher-dimensional Einstein equations. Building upon the (3+1)-dimensional implementation of fundamental string theory, we illustrate the possibilities by considering a toy model consisting of a (2+1)-dimensional brane propagating through our observable (3+1)-dimensional universe. Developing a notion of 'brane surgery', based on the Israel-Lanczos-Sen 'thin shell' formalism of general relativity, we analyze the dynamics and find traversable wormholes, closed baby universes, voids (holes in the spacetime manifold), and an evasion (not a violation) of both the singularity theorems and the positive mass theorem. These features appear generic to any brane model that permits negative tension branes: This includes the Randall-Sundrum models and their variants

Effect of viscous pressure on warm inflation driven by motion of D3 branes in the background of D5 branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Deshamukhya, Atri

2014-01-01

From a thermodynamic viewpoint, there are two dynamical realizations of inflation. In the standard inflation scenario known as super-cooled inflation, radiation is red-shifted during expansion and a vacuum dominated universe is the result of this exponential expansion. A subsequent reheating mechanism is therefore needed to come back to, the radiation dominated era. Warm inflation, the other thermodynamic alternative, presents the attractive feature that it avoids the reheating period. In these kind of models dissipative effects are important during the inflationary period, so that radiation production occurs concurrently together with the inflationary expansion. In warm inflation models in general, inflation decay products are considered as massless particles (or radiation). Existence of massive particles in the inflationary fluid model may alter the dynamics of the inflationary universe models by modification of the fluid pressure. Decay of the massive particles within the fluid which can be considered as a result of 'bulk viscous pressure' is an entropy-producing scalar phenomenon. This bulk viscous pressure term can be written as Π = -3ζH, where H is Hubble parameter and ζ is coefficient of bulk viscosity. Second law of thermodynamics demands this co-efficient to be positive and it in general depends on the energy density of the fluid. Inflationary scenario driven by the radiation field of separation between a D3 and a stake of D5 branes in presence of thermal bath has been studied. We wish to see the effect of inclusion of such a viscous pressure term in equation of motion of the inflation of the perturbative spectrum in this piece of work. (author)

Five-dimensional Nernst branes from special geometry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dempster, P.; Errington, D. [Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of LiverpoolPeach Street, Liverpool L69 7ZL (United Kingdom); Gutowski, J. [Department of Mathematics, University of Surrey,Guildford, GU2 7XH (United Kingdom); Mohaupt, T. [Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of LiverpoolPeach Street, Liverpool L69 7ZL (United Kingdom)

2016-11-21

We construct Nernst brane solutions, that is black branes with zero entropy density in the extremal limit, of FI-gauged minimal five-dimensional supergravity coupled to an arbitrary number of vector multiplets. While the scalars take specific constant values and dynamically determine the value of the cosmological constant in terms of the FI-parameters, the metric takes the form of a boosted AdS Schwarzschild black brane. This metric can be brought to the Carter-Novotný-Horský form that has previously been observed to occur in certain limits of boosted D3-branes. By dimensional reduction to four dimensions we recover the four-dimensional Nernst branes of arXiv:1501.07863 and show how the five-dimensional lift resolves all their UV singularities. The dynamics of the compactification circle, which expands both in the UV and in the IR, plays a crucial role. At asymptotic infinity, the curvature singularity of the four-dimensional metric and the run-away behaviour of the four-dimensional scalar combine in such a way that the lifted solution becomes asymptotic to AdS{sub 5}. Moreover, the existence of a finite chemical potential in four dimensions is related to fact that the compactification circle has a finite minimal value. While it is not clear immediately how to embed our solutions into string theory, we argue that the same type of dictionary as proposed for boosted D3-branes should apply, although with a lower amount of supersymmetry.

Criticality for charged black branes

Science.gov (United States)

Hennigar, Robie A.

2017-09-01

We show that the inclusion of higher curvature terms in the gravitational action can lead to phase transitions and critical behaviour for charged black branes. The higher curvature terms considered here belong to the recently constructed generalized quasi-topological class [arXiv:1703.01631], which possess a number of interesting properties, such as being ghost-free on constant curvature backgrounds and non-trivial in four dimensions. We show that critical behaviour is a generic feature of the black branes in all dimensions d ≥ 4, and contextualize the results with a review of the properties of black branes in Lovelock and quasi-topological gravity, where critical behaviour is not possible. These results may have interesting implications for the CFTs dual to this class of theories.

Nucleation of (4)R brane universes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cordero, Ruben; Rojas, EfraIn

2004-01-01

The creation of brane universes induced by a totally antisymmetric tensor living in a fixed background spacetime is presented, where a term involving the intrinsic curvature of the brane is considered. A canonical quantum mechanical approach employing the Wheeler-DeWitt equation is used. The probability nucleation for the brane is calculated by means of the corresponding instanton and the WKB approximation. Some cosmological implications from the model are presented

Thermal DBI action for the D3-brane at weak and strong coupling

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Grignani, Gianluca; Harmark, Troels; Marini, Andrea

2014-01-01

We study the effective action for finite-temperature D3-branes with an electromagnetic field at weak and strong coupling. We call this action the thermal DBI action. Comparing at low temperature the leading T4 correction for the thermal DBI action at weak and strong coupling we find that the 3/4 ...

Branes in supergroups

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Creutzig, Thomas

2009-06-01

In this thesis we initiate a systematic study of branes in Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten models with Lie supergroup target space. We start by showing that a branes' worldvolume is a twisted superconjugacy class and construct the action of the boundary WZNW model. Then we consider symplectic fermions and give a complete description of boundary states including twisted sectors. Further we show that the GL(1 vertical stroke 1) WZNW model is equivalent to symplectic fermions plus two scalars. We then consider the GL(1 vertical stroke 1) boundary theory. Twisted and untwisted Cardy boundary states are constructed explicitly and their amplitudes are computed. In the twisted case we find a perturbative formulation of the model. For this purpose the introduction of an additional fermionic boundary degree of freedom is necessary. We compute all bulk one-point functions, bulk-boundary two-point functions and boundary three-point functions. Logarithmic singularities appear in bulk-boundary as well as pure boundary correlation functions. Finally we turn to world-sheet and target space supersymmetric models. There is N=2 superconformal symmetry in many supercosets and also in certain supergroups. In the supergroup case we find some branes that preserve the topological A-twist and some that preserve the B-twist. (orig.)

Branes in supergorups

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Creutzig, Thomas

2009-06-15

In this thesis we initiate a systematic study of branes in Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten models with Lie supergroup target space. We start by showing that a branes' worldvolume is a twisted superconjugacy class and construct the action of the boundary WZNW model. Then we consider symplectic fermions and give a complete description of boundary states including twisted sectors. Further we show that the GL(1 vertical stroke 1) WZNW model is equivalent to symplectic fermions plus two scalars. We then consider the GL(1 vertical stroke 1) boundary theory. Twisted and untwisted Cardy boundary states are constructed explicitly and their amplitudes are computed. In the twisted case we find a perturbative formulation of the model. For this purpose the introduction of an additional fermionic boundary degree of freedom is necessary. We compute all bulk one-point functions, bulk-boundary two-point functions and boundary three-point functions. Logarithmic singularities appear in bulk-boundary as well as pure boundary correlation functions. Finally we turn to world-sheet and target space supersymmetric models. There is N=2 superconformal symmetry in many supercosets and also in certain supergroups. In the supergroup case we find some branes that preserve the topological A-twist and some that preserve the B-twist. (orig.)

Branes in supergorups

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Creutzig, Thomas

2009-06-15

In this thesis we initiate a systematic study of branes in Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten models with Lie supergroup target space. We start by showing that a branes' worldvolume is a twisted superconjugacy class and construct the action of the boundary WZNW model. Then we consider symplectic fermions and give a complete description of boundary states including twisted sectors. Further we show that the GL(1 vertical stroke 1) WZNW model is equivalent to symplectic fermions plus two scalars. We then consider the GL(1 vertical stroke 1) boundary theory. Twisted and untwisted Cardy boundary states are constructed explicitly and their amplitudes are computed. In the twisted case we find a perturbative formulation of the model. For this purpose the introduction of an additional fermionic boundary degree of freedom is necessary. We compute all bulk one-point functions, bulk-boundary two-point functions and boundary three-point functions. Logarithmic singularities appear in bulk-boundary as well as pure boundary correlation functions. Finally we turn to world-sheet and target space supersymmetric models. There is N=2 superconformal symmetry in many supercosets and also in certain supergroups. In the supergroup case we find some branes that preserve the topological A-twist and some that preserve the B-twist. (orig.)

Hydrodynamics and Elasticity of Charged Black Branes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gath, Jakob

We consider long-wavelength perturbations of charged black branes to first order in a uidelastic derivative expansion. At first order the perturbations decouple and we treat the hydrodynamic and elastic perturbations separately. To put the results in a broader perspective, we present the rst...... as a seed solution, we obtain a class of charged black brane geometries carrying smeared Maxwell charge in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory. In the specific case of ten-dimensional space-time we furthermore use T-duality to generate bent black branes with higher-form charge, including smeared D...

Inflating baby-Skyrme branes in six dimensions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brihaye, Yves; Delsate, Terence; Kodama, Yuta; Sawado, Nobuyuki

2010-01-01

We consider a six-dimensional brane world model, where the brane is described by a localized solution to the baby-Skyrme model extending in the extra dimensions. The branes have a cosmological constant modeled by inflating four-dimensional slices, and we further consider a bulk cosmological constant. We construct solutions numerically and present evidence that the solutions cease to exist for large values of the brane cosmological constant in some particular case. Then we study the stability of the model by considering perturbation of the gravitational part (resp. baby Skyrmion) with fixed matter fields (resp. gravitational background). Our results indicate that the perturbation equations do not admit localized solutions for certain type of perturbation. The stability analysis can be alternatively seen as leading to a particle spectrum; we give mass estimations for the baby-Skyrme perturbation and for the graviton.

Phantom-like behaviour in dilatonic brane-world scenario with induced gravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bouhmadi-Lopez, Mariam

2008-01-01

The Dvali, Gabadadze and Porrati (DGP) model has a self-accelerating solution, the positive branch, where the brane is asymptotically de Sitter. A de Sitter space-time can be seen as a boundary between quintessence-like behaviour and phantom-like behaviour. We show that in a 5D dilatonic bulk, where the dilaton has an exponential potential, with an induced gravity term on the brane, whose matter content corresponds only to vacuum energy, the positive branch solution undergoes a phantom-like stage where it faces a curvature singularity in its infinite future. The singularity can be interpreted as the 'big rip' singularity pushed towards an infinite future cosmic time. The phantom-like behaviour on the brane occurs without violating the null energy condition. There is another solution, the negative branch, where the brane can undergo an early-epoch (transient) inflationary phase induced by the dilaton field

Surface Casimir densities and induced cosmological constant on parallel branes in AdS spacetime

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saharian, Aram A.

2004-01-01

Vacuum expectation value of the surface energy-momentum tensor is evaluated for a massive scalar field with general curvature coupling parameter subject to Robin boundary conditions on two parallel branes located on (D+1)-dimensional anti-de Sitter bulk. The general case of different Robin coefficients on separate branes is considered. As a regularization procedure the generalized zeta function technique is used, in combination with contour integral representations. The surface energies on the branes are presented in the form of the sums of single brane and second brane-induced parts. For the geometry of a single brane both regions, on the left (L-region) and on the right (R-region), of the brane are considered. The surface densities for separate L- and R-regions contain pole and finite contributions. For an infinitely thin brane taking these regions together, in odd spatial dimensions the pole parts cancel and the total surface energy is finite. The parts in the surface densities generated by the presence of the second brane are finite for all nonzero values of the interbrane separation. It is shown that for large distances between the branes the induced surface densities give rise to an exponentially suppressed cosmological constant on the brane. In the Randall-Sundrum braneworld model, for the interbrane distances solving the hierarchy problem between the gravitational and electroweak mass scales, the cosmological constant generated on the visible brane is of the right order of magnitude with the value suggested by the cosmological observations

Gravitational wave constraints on multi-brane inflation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huston, Ian; Lidsey, James E; Thomas, Steven; Ward, John

2008-01-01

A class of non-canonical inflationary models is identified, where the leading-order contribution to the non-Gaussianity of the curvature perturbation is determined by the sound speed of the fluctuations in the inflaton field. Included in this class of models is the effective action for multiple coincident branes in the finite n limit. The action for this configuration is determined using a powerful iterative technique, based upon the fundamental representation of SU(2). In principle the upper bounds on the tensor–scalar ratio that arise in the standard, single-brane DBI inflationary scenario can be relaxed in such multi-brane configurations if a large and detectable non-Gaussianity is generated. Moreover models with a small number of coincident branes could generate a gravitational wave background that will be observable in future experiments

Gravitational wave constraints on multi-brane inflation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Huston, Ian; Lidsey, James E [Astronomy Unit, School of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS (United Kingdom); Thomas, Steven [Centre for Research in String Theory, Department of Physics, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS (United Kingdom); Ward, John, E-mail: I.Huston@qmul.ac.uk, E-mail: J.E.Lidsey@qmul.ac.uk, E-mail: S.Thomas@qmul.ac.uk, E-mail: jwa@uvic.ca [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8P 1A1 (Canada)

2008-05-15

A class of non-canonical inflationary models is identified, where the leading-order contribution to the non-Gaussianity of the curvature perturbation is determined by the sound speed of the fluctuations in the inflaton field. Included in this class of models is the effective action for multiple coincident branes in the finite n limit. The action for this configuration is determined using a powerful iterative technique, based upon the fundamental representation of SU(2). In principle the upper bounds on the tensor-scalar ratio that arise in the standard, single-brane DBI inflationary scenario can be relaxed in such multi-brane configurations if a large and detectable non-Gaussianity is generated. Moreover models with a small number of coincident branes could generate a gravitational wave background that will be observable in future experiments.

Constraining brane tension using rotation curves of galaxies

Science.gov (United States)

García-Aspeitia, Miguel A.; Rodríguez-Meza, Mario A.

2018-04-01

We present in this work a study of brane theory phenomenology focusing on the brane tension parameter, which is the main observable of the theory. We show the modifications steaming from the presence of branes in the rotation curves of spiral galaxies for three well known dark matter density profiles: Pseudo isothermal, Navarro-Frenk-White and Burkert dark matter density profiles. We estimate the brane tension parameter using a sample of high resolution observed rotation curves of low surface brightness spiral galaxies and a synthetic rotation curve for the three density profiles. Also, the fittings using the brane theory model of the rotation curves are compared with standard Newtonian models. We found that Navarro-Frenk-White model prefers lower values of the brane tension parameter, on the average λ ∼ 0.73 × 10‑3eV4, therefore showing clear brane effects. Burkert case does prefer higher values of the tension parameter, on the average λ ∼ 0.93 eV4 ‑ 46 eV4, i.e., negligible brane effects. Whereas pseudo isothermal is an intermediate case. Due to the low densities found in the galactic medium it is almost impossible to find evidence of the presence of extra dimensions. In this context, we found that our results show weaker bounds to the brane tension values in comparison with other bounds found previously, as the lower value found for dwarf stars composed of a polytropic equation of state, λ ≈ 104 MeV4.

Moyal Deformations of Gravity via SU ( N ) Gauge Theories, Branes and Topological Chern-Simons Matrix Models

CERN Document Server

Castro \\C

2003-01-01

Moyal noncommutative star-product deformations of higher dimensional gravitational Einstein-Hilbert actions via lower-dimensional SU(\\infty) gauge theories are constructed explicitly based on the holographic reduction principle. New reparametrization invariant p-brane actions and their Moyal star product deformations follows. It is conjectured that topological Chern-Simons brane actions associated with higher-dimensional "knots" have a one-to-one correspondence with topological Chern-Simons Matrix models in the large N limit. The corresponding large N limit of Topological BF Matrix models leads to Kalb-Ramond couplings of antisymmetric-tensor fields to p-branes. The former Chern-Simons branes display higher-spin W_\\infty symmetries which are very relevant in the study of W_\\infty Gravity, the Quantum Hall effect and its higher-dimensional generalizations. We conclude by arguing why this interplay between condensed matter models, higher-dimensional extensions of the Quantum Hall effect, Chern-Simons Matrix mod...

Dual formulation of covariant nonlinear duality-symmetric action of kappa-symmetric D3-brane

Science.gov (United States)

Vanichchapongjaroen, Pichet

2018-02-01

We study the construction of covariant nonlinear duality-symmetric actions in dual formulation. Essentially, the construction is the PST-covariantisation and nonlinearisation of Zwanziger action. The covariantisation made use of three auxiliary scalar fields. Apart from these, the construction proceed in a similar way to that of the standard formulation. For example, the theories can be extended to include interactions with external fields, and that the theories possess two local PST symmetries. We then explicitly demonstrate the construction of covariant nonlinear duality-symmetric actions in dual formulation of DBI theory, and D3-brane. For each of these theories, the twisted selfduality condition obtained from duality-symmetric actions are explicitly shown to match with the duality relation between field strength and its dual from the one-potential actions. Their on-shell actions between the duality-symmetric and the one-potential versions are also shown to match. We also explicitly prove kappa-symmetry of the covariant nonlinear duality-symmetric D3-brane action in dual formulation.

Non-relativistic AdS branes and Newton-Hooke superalgebra

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sakaguchi, Makoto; Yoshida, Kentaroh

2006-01-01

We examine a non-relativistic limit of D-branes in AdS 5 x S 5 and M-branes in AdS 4/7 x S 7/4 . First, Newton-Hooke superalgebras for the AdS branes are derived from AdS x S superalgebras as Inoenue-Wigner contractions. It is shown that the directions along which the AdS-brane worldvolume extends are restricted by requiring that the isometry on the AdS-brane worldvolume and the Lorentz symmetry in the transverse space naturally extend to the super-isometry. We also derive Newton-Hooke superalgebras for pp-wave branes and show that the directions along which a brane worldvolume extends are restricted. Then the Wess-Zumino terms of the AdS branes are derived by using the Chevalley-Eilenberg cohomology on the super-AdS x S algebra, and the non-relativistic limit of the AdS-brane actions is considered. We show that the consistent limit is possible for the following branes: Dp (even,even) for p = 1 mod 4 and Dp (odd,odd) for p = 3 mod 4 in AdS 5 x S 5 , and M2 (0,3), M2 (2,1), M5 (1,5) and M5 (3,3) in AdS 4 x S 7 and S 4 x AdS 7 . We furthermore present non-relativistic actions for the AdS branes

D-brane superpotentials and Ooguri-Vafa invariants of compact Calabi-Yau threefolds

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Feng-Jun; Yang, Fu-Zhong

2015-04-01

We calculate the D-brane superpotentials for two compact Calabi-Yau manifolds X14(1,1,2,3,7) and X8(1,1,1,2,3) which are of non-Fermat type in the type II string theory. By constructing the open mirror symmetry, we also compute the Ooguri-Vafa invariants, which are related to the open Gromov-Witten invariants. Supported by NSFC (11075204, 11475178)

Brane/Flux Annihilation and the String Dual of a Non-Supersymmetric Field Theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kachru, Shamit

2002-01-01

We consider the dynamics of p anti-D3 branes inside the Klebanov-Strassler geometry, the deformed conifold with M units of RR 3-form flux around the S 3 . We find that for p << M the system relaxes to a nonsupersymmetric NS 5-brane ''giant graviton'' configuration, which is classically stable, but quantum mechanically can tunnel to a nearby supersymmetric vacuum with M - p D3 branes. This decay mode is exponentially suppressed and proceeds via the nucleation of an NS 5-brane bubble wall. They propose a dual field theory interpretation of the decay as the transition between a nonsupersymmetric baryonic branch and a supersymmetric mesonic branch of the corresponding SU(2M-p) x SU(M-p) low energy gauge theory. The NS 5-brane tunneling process also provides a simple visualization of the geometric transition by which D3-branes can dissolve into 3-form flux

Triple M-brane configurations and preserved supersymmetries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Golubtsova, A.A.; Ivashchuk, V.D.

2013-01-01

We investigate all standard triple composite M-brane intersections defined on products of Ricci-flat manifolds for preserving supersymmetries in eleven-dimensional N=1 supergravity. The explicit formulae for computing the numbers of preserved supersymmetries are obtained, which generalize the relations for topologically trivial flat factor spaces presented in the classification by Bergshoeff et al. We obtain certain examples of configurations preserving some fractions of supersymmetries, e.g. containing such factor spaces as K3, C ⁎ 2 /Z 2 , a four-dimensional pp-wave manifold and the two-dimensional pseudo-Euclidean manifold R ⁎ 1,1 /Z 2

Quantum fluctuations in brane-world inflation without an inflaton on the brane

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sago, Norichika; Himemoto, Yoshiaki; Sasaki, Misao

2002-01-01

A Randall-Sundrum-type brane-cosmological model in which slow-roll inflation on the brane is driven solely by a bulk scalar field was recently proposed by Himemoto and Sasaki. We analyze their model in detail and calculate the quantum fluctuations of the bulk scalar field φ with m 2 =V '' (φ). We decompose the bulk scalar field into the infinite mass spectrum of four-dimensional fields; the field with the smallest mass square, called the zero mode, and the Kaluza-Klein modes above it with a mass gap. We find the zero-mode dominance of the classical solution holds if vertical bar m 2 vertical bar l-bar 2 2 vertical bar l-bar2>>1, though the violation is very small. Then we evaluate the vacuum expectation value 2 > on the brane. We find the zero-mode contribution completely dominates if vertical bar m 2 vertical barl-bar 2 2 vertical barl-bar 2 is large

High energy effects on D-brane and black hole emission rates

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Das, S.; Dasgupta, A.; Sarkar, T.

1997-01-01

We study the emission of scalar particles from a class of near-extremal five-dimensional black holes and the corresponding D-brane configuration at high energies. We show that the distribution functions and the black hole greybody factors are modified in the high energy tail of the Hawking spectrum in such a way that the emission rates exactly match. We extend the results to charged scalar emission and to four dimensions. copyright 1997 The American Physical Society

Brane-Localized Gravity

CERN Document Server

Mannheim, Philip D

2005-01-01

This timely and valuable book provides a detailed pedagogical introduction and treatment of the brane-localized gravity program of Randall and Sundrum, in which gravitational signals are able to localize around our four-dimensional world in the event that it is a brane embedded in an infinitely-sized, higher dimensional anti-de Sitter bulk space. A completely self-contained development of the material needed for brane-world studies is provided for both students and workers in the field, with a significant amount of the material being previously unpublished. Particular attention is given to issues not ordinarily treated in the brane-world literature, such as the completeness of tensor gravitational fluctuation modes, the causality of brane-world propagators, and the status of the massless graviton fluctuation mode in brane worlds in which it is not normalizable.

Bianchi type II brane-world cosmologies (U≥0)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hoogen, R.J. van den; Ibanez, J.

2003-01-01

The asymptotic properties of the Bianchi type II cosmological model in the brane-world scenario are investigated. The matter content is assumed to be a combination of a perfect fluid and a minimally coupled scalar field that is restricted to the brane. The isotropic brane-world solution is determined to represent the initial singularity in all brane-world cosmologies. Additionally, it is shown that it is the kinetic energy of the scalar field which dominates the initial dynamics in these brane-world cosmologies. It is important to note that the dynamics of these brane-world cosmologies is not necessarily asymptotic to general relativistic cosmologies to the future in the case of a zero four-dimensional cosmological constant

Cosmological and black hole brane-world universes in higher derivative gravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nojiri, Shin'ichi; Odintsov, Sergei D.; Ogushi, Sachiko

2002-01-01

A general model of multidimensional R 2 gravity including a Riemann tensor square term (nonzero c case) is considered. The number of brane-worlds in such a model is constructed (mainly in five dimensions) and their properties are discussed. The thermodynamics of a Schwarzschild-anti-deSitter (S-AdS) BH (with boundary) is presented when perturbation on c is used. The entropy, free energy, and energy are calculated. For a nonzero c the entropy (energy) is not proportional to the area (mass). The equation of motion of the brane in a BH background is presented as a FRW equation. Using a dual CFT description it is shown that the dual field theory is not a conformal one when c is not zero. In this case the holographic entropy does not coincide with the BH entropy (they coincide for Einstein gravity or c=0 HD gravity where the AdS/CFT description is well applied). An asymmetrically warped background (an analogue of a charged AdS BH) where Lorentz invariance violation occurs is found. The cosmological 4D dS brane connecting two dS bulk spaces is formulated in terms of the parameters of R 2 gravity. Within the proposed dS/CFT correspondence the holographic conformal anomaly from five-dimensional higher derivative gravity in a de Sitter background is evaluated

Scalar potential from de Sitter brane in 5D and effective cosmological constant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ito, Masato

2004-01-01

We derive the scalar potential in zero mode effective action arising from a de Sitter brane embedded in five dimensions with bulk cosmological constant Λ. The scalar potential for a scalar field canonically normalized is given by the sum of exponential potentials. In the case of Λ = 0 and Λ > 0, we point out that the scalar potential has an unstable maximum at the origin and exponentially vanishes for large positive scalar field. In the case of Λ < 0, the scalar potential has an unstable maximum at the origin and a local minimum. It is shown that the positive cosmological constant in dS brane is reduced by negative potential energy of scalar at minimum and that effective cosmological constant depends on a dimensionless quantity. Furthermore, we discuss the fate of our universe including the potential energy of the scalar. (author)

Rotating and orbiting strings in Dp-brane background

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Biswas, Sagar; Panigrahi, Kamal L. [Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur,721302, Kharagpur (India)

2015-03-04

We probe the open fundamental strings in Dp-brane (p=1, 3, 5) backgrounds and find new classes of rotating and orbiting string solutions. We show that for various worldsheet embedding ansatz we get solutions of the string equations of motion that correspond to the well known giant magnon and single spikes, in addition to few new solutions corresponding to the orbiting strings. We make a systematic study of both rigidly rotating and orbiting strings in D1, D3 and D5-brane backgrounds.

Brane-world cosmology and inflation

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

This brane-world scenario is quite attractive because of the non-trivial geometry in the bulk and because it successfully gives four-dimensional general relativity in the low energy limit. After reviewing basic features of the RS2 scenario, we consider a brane-world inflation model driven by the dynamics of a scalar field living ...

A stringy origin of M2 brane Chern-Simons theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aganagic, Mina

2010-01-01

We show that string duality relates M-theory on a local Calabi-Yau fourfold singularity X 4 to type IIA string theory on a Calabi-Yau threefold X 3 fibered over a real line, with RR 2-form fluxes turned on. The RR flux encodes how the M-theory circle is fibered over the IIA geometry. The theories on N D2 branes probing X 3 are the well-known quiver theories with N=2 supersymmetry in three dimensions. We show that turning on fluxes, and fibering the X 3 over a direction transverse to the branes, corresponds to turning on N=2 Chern-Simons couplings. String duality implies that, in the strong coupling limit, the N D2 branes on X 3 in this background become N M2 branes on X 4 . This provides a string theory derivation for the recently conjectured description of the M2 brane theories on Calabi-Yau fourfolds in terms of N=2 quiver Chern-Simons theories. We also provide a new N=2 Chern-Simons theory dual to AdS 4 xQ 1,1,1 . Type IIA/M-theory duality also relates IIA string theory on X 3 with only the RR fluxes turned on, to M-theory on a G 2 holonomy manifold. We show that this implies that the N M2 branes probing the G 2 manifold are described by the quiver Chern-Simons theory originating from the D2 branes probing X 3 , except that now Chern-Simons terms preserve only N=1 supersymmetry in three dimensions.

Phase structures of the black Dp-D(p+4)-brane system in various ensembles II: electrical and thermodynamic stability

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xiao, Zhiguang; Zhou, Da

2015-01-01

By incorporating the electrical stability condition into the discussion, we continue the study on the thermodynamic phase structures of the Dp-D(p+4) black brane in GG, GC, CG, CC ensembles defined in our previous paper http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/JHEP07(2015)134. We find that including the electrical stability conditions in addition to the thermal stability conditions does not modify the phase structure of the GG ensemble but puts more constraints on the parameter space where black branes can stably exist in GC, CG, CC ensembles. In particular, the van der Waals-like phase structure which was supposed to be present in these ensembles when only thermal stability condition is considered would no longer be visible, since the phase of the small black brane is unstable under electrical fluctuations. However, the symmetry of the phase structure by interchanging the two kinds of brane charges and potentials is still preserved, which is argued to be the result of T-duality.

Scalar fields and higher-derivative gravity in brane worlds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pichler, S.

2004-01-01

We consider the brane world picture in the context of higher-derivative theories of gravity and tackle the problematic issues fine-tuning and brane-embedding. First, we give an overview of extra-dimensional physics, from the Kaluza-Klein picture up to modern brane worlds with large extra dimensions. We describe the different models and their physical impact on future experiments. We work within the framework of Randall-Sundrum models in which the brane is a gravitating object, which warps the background metric. We add scalar fields to the original model and find new and self-consistent solutions for quadratic potentials of the fields. This gives us the tools to investigate higher-derivative gravity theories in brane world models. Specifically, we take gravitational Lagrangians that depend on an arbitrary function of the Ricci scalar only, so-called f(R)-gravity. We make use of the conformal equivalence between f(R)-gravity and Einstein-Hilbert gravity with an auxiliary scalar field. We find that the solutions in the higher-derivative gravity framework behave very differently from the original Randall-Sundrum model: the metric functions do not have the typical kink across the brane. Furthermore, we present solutions that do not rely on a cosmological constant in the bulk and so avoid the fine-tuning problem. We address the issue of brane-embedding, which is important in perturbative analyses. We consider the embedding of codimension one hypersurfaces in general and derive a new equation of motion with which the choice for the embedding has to comply. In particular, this allows for a consistent consideration of brane world perturbations in the case of higher-derivative gravity. We use the newly found background solutions for quadratic potentials and find that gravity is still effectively localized on the brane, i.e that the Newtonian limit holds

An N=1 superfield action for M2 branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mauri, Andrea; Petkou, Anastasios C.

2008-01-01

We present an octonionic N=1 superfield action that reproduces in components the action of Bagger and Lambert for M2 branes. By giving an expectation value to one of the scalars we obtain the maximally supersymmetric superfield action for D2 branes

Witten Effect and Fractional Charges on the Domain Wall and the D-Brane-Like Dot

Science.gov (United States)

Kanazawa, I.; Maeda, R.

2018-04-01

We have discussed the anomalous excitations such as dyons, Majorana fermions, and quark-like fermions on the domain wall in topological materials and the D-brane-like dot, and the relation to low-energy hadrons in QCD, from the viewpoint of a field-theoretical formula.

Microstates of black holes in expanding universe from interacting branes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shiba, Shotaro [Theory Center, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK),1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801 (Japan)

2017-05-15

Thermodynamics of the near extremal black p-branes can be described by collective motions of gravitationally interacting branes. This proposal is called the p-soup model. In this paper, we check this proposal in the case of black brane system which is asymptotically Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker universe in an infinite distance. As a result, we can show that the gravitationally interacting branes explain free energy, entropy, temperature and other physical quantities in these systems. This implies that the microstates of this kind of brane system can be also understood in the p-soup model.

Cosmological solutions, p-branes, and the Wheeler-DeWitt equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lue, H.; Maharana, J.; Maharana, J.; Mukherji, S.; Pope, C.N.; Pope, C.N.

1998-01-01

The low energy effective actions which arise from string theory or M-theory are considered in the cosmological context, where the graviton, dilaton and antisymmetric tensor field strengths depend only on time. We show that previous results can be extended to include cosmological solutions that are related to the E N Toda equations. The solutions of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation in minisuperspace are obtained for some of the simpler cosmological models by introducing intertwining operators that generate canonical transformations which map the theories into free theories. We study the cosmological properties of these solutions, and also briefly discuss generalized Brans-Dicke models in our framework. The cosmological models are closely related to p-brane solitons, which we discuss in the context of the E N Toda equations. We give the explicit solutions for extremal multi-charge (D-3)-branes in the truncated system described by the D 4 =O(4,4) Toda equations. copyright 1998 The American Physical Society

Axionic black branes in the k -essence sector of the Horndeski model

Science.gov (United States)

Cisterna, Adolfo; Hassaine, Mokhtar; Oliva, Julio; Rinaldi, Massimiliano

2017-12-01

We construct new black brane solutions in the context of Horndeski gravity, in particular, in its K-essence sector. These models are supported by axion scalar fields that depend only on the horizon coordinates. The dynamics of these fields is determined by a K-essence term that includes the standard kinetic term X and a correction of the form Xk. We find both neutral and charged exact and analytic solutions in D -dimensions, which are asymptotically anti-de Sitter. Then, we describe in detail the thermodynamical properties of the four-dimensional solutions and we compute the dual holographic DC conductivity.

Nucleation of {sup (4)}R brane universes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cordero, Ruben [Departamento de FIsica, Escuela Superior de FIsica y Matematicas del IPN, Unidad Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Edificio 9, 07738 Mexico, DF (Mexico); Rojas, EfraIn [Facultad de FIsica e Inteligencia Artificial, Universidad Veracruzana, Sebastian Camacho 5, Xalapa, Veracruz, 91000 (Mexico)

2004-09-07

The creation of brane universes induced by a totally antisymmetric tensor living in a fixed background spacetime is presented, where a term involving the intrinsic curvature of the brane is considered. A canonical quantum mechanical approach employing the Wheeler-DeWitt equation is used. The probability nucleation for the brane is calculated by means of the corresponding instanton and the WKB approximation. Some cosmological implications from the model are presented.

Naked singularities, branes and Chern-Simons couplings: The dark side of the 2+1 black hole

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zanelli, Jorge

2010-01-01

Branes are naked singularities, analogous to linear or planar defects in crystals. Zero-branes in AdS spacetimes are n egative mass black holes , which can be generalized to higher-dimensional branes. When these solutions are endowed with angular momentum, the extremal spinning branes correspond to BPS states. On the other hand, the 2p-branes, spanning a (2p + 1)-dimensional worldsheet, provide a naturally coupling to CS field theories defined on a D-dimensional spacetime, with D > 2p + 1. In this picture, the field that lives in the D-dimensional spacetime, as well as the sources that couple to it are made out of the same stuff -an SO(D - 1,2) connection. The fact that on the brane the AdS group is necessarily broken down to SO(2p, 2), brings in a number of tensor fields that play the role of charged matter living on the brane.

Gravitational quantum corrections in warped supersymmetric brane worlds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gregoire, T.; Rattazzi, R.; Scrucca, C.A.; Strumia, A.; Trincherini, E.

2005-01-01

We study gravitational quantum corrections in supersymmetric theories with warped extra dimensions. We develop for this a superfield formalism for linearized gauged supergravity. We show that the 1-loop effective Kahler potential is a simple functional of the KK spectrum in the presence of generic localized kinetic terms at the two branes. We also present a simple understanding of our results by showing that the leading matter effects are equivalent to suitable displacements of the branes. We then apply this general result to compute the gravity-mediated universal soft mass m 0 2 in models where the visible and the hidden sectors are sequestered at the two branes. We find that the contributions coming from radion mediation and brane-to-brane mediation are both negative in the minimal set-up, but the former can become positive if the gravitational kinetic term localized at the hidden brane has a sizable coefficient. We then compare the features of the two extreme cases of flat and very warped geometry, and give an outlook on the building of viable models

Einstein-Rosen 'bridge' needs lightlike brane source

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guendelman, Eduardo; Kaganovich, Alexander; Nissimov, Emil; Pacheva, Svetlana

2009-01-01

The Einstein-Rosen 'bridge' wormhole solution proposed in the classic paper (Einstein and Rosen (1935) ) does not satisfy the vacuum Einstein equations at the wormhole throat. We show that the fully consistent formulation of the original Einstein-Rosen 'bridge' requires solving Einstein equations of bulk D=4 gravity coupled to a lightlike brane with a well-defined world-volume action. The non-vanishing contribution of Einstein-Rosen 'bridge' solution to the right-hand side of Einstein equations at the throat matches precisely the surface stress-energy tensor of the lightlike brane which automatically occupies the throat ('horizon straddling') - a feature triggered by the world-volume lightlike brane dynamics.

Massive branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bergshoeff, E.; Ortin, T.

1998-01-01

We investigate the effective world-volume theories of branes in a background given by (the bosonic sector of) 10-dimensional massive IIA supergravity (''''massive branes'''') and their M-theoretic origin. In the case of the solitonic 5-brane of type IIA superstring theory the construction of the Wess-Zumino term in the world-volume action requires a dualization of the massive Neveu-Schwarz/Neveu-Schwarz target space 2-form field. We find that, in general, the effective world-volume theory of massive branes contains new world-volume fields that are absent in the massless case, i.e. when the mass parameter m of massive IIA supergravity is set to zero. We show how these new world-volume fields can be introduced in a systematic way. (orig.)

AdS Branes from Partial Breaking of Superconformal Symmetries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ivanov, E.A.

2005-01-01

It is shown how the static-gauge world-volume superfield actions of diverse superbranes on the AdS d+1 superbackgrounds can be systematically derived from nonlinear realizations of the appropriate AdS supersymmetries. The latter are treated as superconformal symmetries of flat Minkowski superspaces of the bosonic dimension d. Examples include the N = 1 AdS 4 supermembrane, which is associated with the 1/2 partial breaking of the OSp(1|4) supersymmetry down to the N = 1, d = 3 Poincare supersymmetry, and the T-duality related L3-brane on AdS 5 and scalar 3-brane on AdS 5 x S 1 , which are associated with two different patterns of 1/2 breaking of the SU(2, 2|1) supersymmetry. Another (closely related) topic is the AdS/CFT equivalence transformation. It maps the world-volume actions of the codimension-one AdS d+1 (super)branes onto the actions of the appropriate Minkowski (super)conformal field theories in the dimension d

Brane Bremsstrahlung in DBI Inflation

CERN Document Server

Brax, Philippe

2010-01-01

We consider the effect of trapped branes on the evolution of a test brane whose motion generates DBI inflation along a warped throat. The coupling between the inflationary brane and a trapped brane leads to the radiation of non-thermal particles on the trapped brane. We calculate the Gaussian spectrum of the radiated particles and their backreaction on the DBI motion of the inflationary brane. Radiation occurs for momenta lower than the speed of the test brane when crossing the trapped brane. The slowing down effect is either due to a parametric resonance when the interaction time is small compared to the Hubble time or a tachyonic resonance when the interaction time is large. In both cases the motion of the inflationary brane after the interaction is governed by a chameleonic potential,which tends to slow it down. We find that a single trapped brane can hardly slow down a DBI inflaton whose fluctuations lead to the Cosmic Microwave Background spectrum. A more drastic effect is obtained when the DBI brane enc...

Triple M-brane configurations and preserved supersymmetries

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Golubtsova, A.A., E-mail: siedhe@gmail.com [Institute of Gravitation and Cosmology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., Moscow 117198 (Russian Federation); Laboratoire de Univers et Théories (LUTh), Observatoire de Paris, Place Jules Janssen 5, 92190 Meudon (France); Ivashchuk, V.D., E-mail: ivashchuk@mail.ru [Center for Gravitation and Fundamental Metrology, VNIIMS, 46 Ozyornaya Str., Moscow 119361 (Russian Federation); Institute of Gravitation and Cosmology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., Moscow 117198 (Russian Federation)

2013-07-21

We investigate all standard triple composite M-brane intersections defined on products of Ricci-flat manifolds for preserving supersymmetries in eleven-dimensional N=1 supergravity. The explicit formulae for computing the numbers of preserved supersymmetries are obtained, which generalize the relations for topologically trivial flat factor spaces presented in the classification by Bergshoeff et al. We obtain certain examples of configurations preserving some fractions of supersymmetries, e.g. containing such factor spaces as K3, C{sub ⁎}{sup 2}/Z{sub 2}, a four-dimensional pp-wave manifold and the two-dimensional pseudo-Euclidean manifold R{sub ⁎}{sup 1,1}/Z{sub 2}.

Crosstalk between DGP branes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dick, Rainer [University of Saskatchewan, Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Saskatoon, SK (Canada); Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, ON (Canada)

2015-03-01

If two DGP branes carry U(1) gauge theories and overlap, particles of one brane can interact with the photons from the other brane. This coupling modifies in particular the Coulomb potentials between charges from the same brane in the overlapping regions. The coupling also introduces Coulomb interactions between charges from the different branes which can generate exotic bound states. The effective modification of the fine structure constant in the overlap region generates a trough in signals at the redshift of the overlap region and an increase at smaller or larger redshift, depending on the value of the crosstalk parameter g{sub e}g{sub p}. This implies potentially observable perturbations in the Lyman α forest if our 3-brane overlapped with another 3-brane in a region with redshift z

Localization and mass spectra of various matter fields on Weyl thin brane

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sui, Tao-Tao; Zhao, Li; Zhang, Yu-Peng [Lanzhou University, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Lanzhou (China); Xie, Qun-Ying [Lanzhou University, School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou (China)

2017-06-15

It has been shown that the thin brane model in a five-dimensional Weyl gravity can deal with the wrong-signed Friedmann-like equation in the Randall-Sundrum-1 (RS1) model. In the Weyl brane model, there are also two branes with opposite brane tensions, but the four-dimensional graviton (the gravity zero mode) is localized near the negative tension brane, while our four-dimensional universe is localized on the positive tension brane. In this paper, we consider the mass spectra of various bulk matter fields (i.e., scalar, vector, and fermion fields) on the Weyl brane. It is shown that the zero modes of those matter fields can be localized on the positive tension brane under some conditions. The mass spectra of the bulk matter fields are equidistant for the higher excited states, and relatively sparse for the lower excited states. The size of the extra dimension determines the gap of the mass spectra. We also consider the correction to the Newtonian potential in this model and it is proportional to 1/r{sup 3}. (orig.)

String and brane models with spontaneously or dynamically induced tension

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guendelman, E.I.; Kaganovich, A.; Nissimov, E.; Pacheva, S.

2002-01-01

We study in some detail the properties of a previously proposed new class of string and brane models whose world-sheet (world-volume) actions are built with a modified reparametrization-invariant measure of integration and which do not contain any ad hoc dimensionful parameters. The ratio of the new and the standard Riemannian integration measure densities plays the role of a dynamically generated string or brane tension. The latter is identified as (the magnitude of) an effective (non-Abelian) electric field strength on the world-sheet or world-volume obeying the standard Gauss-law constraint. As a result a simple classical mechanism for confinement via modified-measure 'color' strings is proposed where the colorlessness of the 'hadrons' is an automatic consequence of the new string dynamics

Transport coefficients of black MQGP M3-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dhuria, Mansi; Misra, Aalok

2015-01-01

The Strominger-Yau-Zaslow (SYZ) mirror, in the 'delocalised limit' of Becker et al. (Nucl Phys B 702:207, 2004), of N D3-branes, M fractional D3-branes and N f flavour D7-branes wrapping a non-compact four-cycle in the presence of a black hole (BH) resulting in a non-Kahler resolved warped deformed conifold (NKRWDC) in Mia et al. (Nucl Phys B 839:187, 2010), was carried out in Dhuria and Misra (JHEP 1311:001, 2013) and resulted in black M3- branes. There are two parts in our paper. In the first we show that in the 'MQGP' limit discussed in Dhuria and Misra (JHEP 1311:001, 2013) a finite g s (and hence expected to be more relevant to QGP), finite g s M, N f , g s 2 MN f and very large g s N, and very small (g,M 2 )/(N), we have the following. (i) The uplift, if valid globally (like Dasgupta et al., Nucl Phys B 755:21, 2006) for fractional D3 branes in conifolds, asymptotically goes to M5-branes wrapping a two-cycle (homologously a (large) integer sum of two-spheres) in AdS 5 x M 6 . (ii) Assuming the deformation parameter to be larger than the resolution parameter, by estimating the five SU(3) structure torsion (τ) classes W 1,2,3,4,5 we verify that τ element of W 5 in the large-r limit, implying the NKRWDC reduces to a warped Kahler deformed conifold. (iii) The local T 3 of Dhuria and Misra (JHEP 1311:001, 2013) in the large-r limit satisfies the same conditions as the maximal T 2 -invariant special Lagrangian three-cycle of T*S 3 of Ionel and Min-OO (J Math 52(3), 2008), partly justifying use of SYZ-mirror symmetry in the ''delocalised limit'' of Becker et al. (Nucl Phys B 702:207, 2004) in Dhuria and Misra (JHEP 1311:001, 2013). In the second part of the paper, by either integrating out the angular coordinates of the non-compact four-cycle which a D7-brane wraps around, using the Ouyang embedding, in the DBI action of a D7-brane evaluated at infinite radial boundary, or by dimensionally reducing the 11-dimensional EH action to five (R 1,3 , r) dimensions and at

An associative and noncommutative product for the low energy effective theory of a D-brane in curved backgrounds and bi-local fields

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hayasaka, Kiyoshi; Nakayama, Ryuichi

2002-01-01

We point out that when a D-brane is placed in an NS-NS B field background with nonvanishing field strength (H=dB) along the D-brane worldvolume, the coordinate of one end of the open string does not commute with that of the other in the low energy limit. The degrees of the freedom associated with both ends are not decoupled and accordingly, the effective action must be quite different from that of the ordinary noncommutative gauge theory for a constant B background. We construct an associative and noncommutative product * which operates on the coordinates of both ends of the string and propose a new type of noncommutative gauge action for the low energy effective theory of a Dp-brane. This effective theory is bi-local and lives in twice as large dimensions (2D=2(p+1)) as in the H=0 case. When viewed as a theory in the D-dimensional space, this theory is nonlocal and we must force the two ends of the string to coincide. We will then propose a prescription for reducing this bi-local effective action to that in D dimensions and obtaining a local effective action

Intersection carbon monoxide modeling

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zamurs, J.

1990-01-01

In this note the author discusses the need for better air quality mobile source models near roadways and intersections. To develop the improved models, a better understanding of emissions and their relation to ambient concentrations is necessary. The database for the modal model indicates that vehicles do have different emission levels for different engine operating modes. If the modal approach is used information is needed on traffic signal phasing, queue lengths, delay times, acceleration rates, deceleration rates, capacity, etc. Dispersion estimates using current air quality models may be inaccurate because the models do not take into account intersecting traffic streams, multiple buildings of varying setbacks, height, and spacing

Instantons on D7 brane probes and AdS/CFT with flavour

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Apreda, R.; Erdmenger, J.; Grosse, J.; Evans, N.; Guralnik, Z.

2006-01-01

Recent work on adding flavour to the generalized AdS/CFT correspondence is reviewed. In particular, we consider instanton configurations on two coincident D7 brane probes. These are matched to the Higgs branch of the dual field theory. In AdS 5 x S 5 , the instanton generates a flow of the meson spectrum. For non-supersymmetric gravity backgrounds, the Higgs branch is lifted by a potential with non-trivial physical implications. (Abstract Copyright [2006], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Brane cosmology as a dynamical system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lara, Luis; Castagnino, Mario

2004-01-01

We investigate the qualitative dynamical properties of a brane model for the flat isotropic universe with a single matter component represented by a scalar field. We study the flat and quadratic potential. Three classes of behaviors of the scale factor are determined. In particular, in the case of the brane with dark negative radiation, via a fine tuning, the existence of oscillatory solutions is shown, which is not possible in the traditional flat FRW model

Differential cross sections in a thick brane world scenario

Science.gov (United States)

Pedraza, Omar; Arceo, R.; López, L. A.; Cerón, V. E.

2018-04-01

The elastic differential cross section is calculated at low energies for the elements He and Ne using an effective 4D electromagnetic potential coming from the contribution of the massive Kaluza-Klein modes of the 5D vector field in a thick brane scenario. The length scale is adjusted in the potential to compare with known experimental data and to set bounds for the parameter of the model.

Born–Infeld extension of Lovelock brane gravity in the system of M0-branes and its application for the emergence of Pauli exclusion principle in BIonic superconductors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sepehri, Alireza, E-mail: alireza.sepehri@uk.ac.ir [Faculty of Physics, Shahid Bahonar University, P.O. Box 76175, Kerman (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Research Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics of Maragha (RIAAM), P.O. Box 55134-441, Maragha (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

2016-07-01

Recently, some authors (Cruz and Rojas, 2013 [1]) have constructed a Born–Infeld type action which may be written in terms of the Lovelock brane Lagrangians for a given dimension p. We reconsider their model in M-theory and study the process of birth and growth of nonlinear spinor and bosonic gravity during the construction of Mp-branes. Then, by application of this idea to BIonic system, we construct a BIonic superconductor in the background of nonlinear gravity. In this model, first, M0-branes link to each other and build an M5-brane and an anti-M5-brane connected by an M2-brane. M0-branes are zero dimensional objects that only scalars are attached to them. By constructing higher dimensional branes from M0-branes, gauge fields are produced. Also, if M0-branes don't link to each other completely, the symmetry of system is broken and fermions are created. The curvature produced by fermions has the opposite sign the curvature produced by gauge fields. Fermions on M5-branes and M2 plays the role of bridge between them. By passing time, M2 dissolves in M5's and nonlinear bosonic and spinor gravities are produced. By closing M5-branes towards each other, coupling of two identical fermions on two branes to each other causes that the square mass of their system becomes negative and some tachyonic states are created. For removing these tachyons, M5-branes compact, the sign of gravity between branes reverses, anti-gravity is produced which causes that branes and identical fermions get away from each other. This is the reason for the emergence of Pauli exclusion principle in Bionic system. Also, the spinor gravity vanishes and its energy builds a new M2 between M5-branes. We obtain the resistivity in this system and find that its value decreases by closing M5 branes to each other and shrinks to zero at colliding point of branes. This idea has different applications. For example, in cosmology, universes are located on M5-branes and M2-brane has the role of bridge

Born–Infeld extension of Lovelock brane gravity in the system of M0-branes and its application for the emergence of Pauli exclusion principle in BIonic superconductors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sepehri, Alireza

2016-01-01

Recently, some authors (Cruz and Rojas, 2013 [1]) have constructed a Born–Infeld type action which may be written in terms of the Lovelock brane Lagrangians for a given dimension p. We reconsider their model in M-theory and study the process of birth and growth of nonlinear spinor and bosonic gravity during the construction of Mp-branes. Then, by application of this idea to BIonic system, we construct a BIonic superconductor in the background of nonlinear gravity. In this model, first, M0-branes link to each other and build an M5-brane and an anti-M5-brane connected by an M2-brane. M0-branes are zero dimensional objects that only scalars are attached to them. By constructing higher dimensional branes from M0-branes, gauge fields are produced. Also, if M0-branes don't link to each other completely, the symmetry of system is broken and fermions are created. The curvature produced by fermions has the opposite sign the curvature produced by gauge fields. Fermions on M5-branes and M2 plays the role of bridge between them. By passing time, M2 dissolves in M5's and nonlinear bosonic and spinor gravities are produced. By closing M5-branes towards each other, coupling of two identical fermions on two branes to each other causes that the square mass of their system becomes negative and some tachyonic states are created. For removing these tachyons, M5-branes compact, the sign of gravity between branes reverses, anti-gravity is produced which causes that branes and identical fermions get away from each other. This is the reason for the emergence of Pauli exclusion principle in Bionic system. Also, the spinor gravity vanishes and its energy builds a new M2 between M5-branes. We obtain the resistivity in this system and find that its value decreases by closing M5 branes to each other and shrinks to zero at colliding point of branes. This idea has different applications. For example, in cosmology, universes are located on M5-branes and M2-brane has the role of bridge between

Open strings on AdS2 branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Peter; Ooguri, Hirosi.; Park, Jongwon; Tannenhauser, Jonathan

2001-01-01

We study the spectrum of open strings on AdS 2 branes in AdS 3 in an NS-NS background, using the SL(2,R) WZW model. When the brane carries no fundamental string charge, the open string spectrum is the holomorphic square root of the spectrum of closed strings in AdS 3 . It contains short and long strings, and is invariant under spectral flow. When the brane carries fundamental string charge, the open string spectrum again contains short and long strings in all winding sectors. However, branes with fundamental string charge break half the spectral flow symmetry. This has different implications for short and long strings. As the fundamental string charge increases, the brane approaches the boundary of AdS 3 . In this limit, the induced electric field on the worldvolume reaches its critical value, producing noncommutative open string theory on AdS 2

Supersymmetry in Brane-Worlds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moura, C.

2009-06-01

This thesis is devoted to the analysis of phenomena based on the presence of extra dimensions and branes, within the framework of supersymmetric theories. We propose an extension of the MSSM (Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model) motivated by theories containing extra dimensions, in which the gauge sector is extended to form a N = 2 representation of the supersymmetry algebra. We describe how Dirac masses appear naturally for the gauginos in this model, and calculate the interactions and mass matrices of the new the neutralinos and charginos. Then we study, within the framework of 5-dimensional supergravity theories, the coupling of the bulk gravitational fields to the chiral multiplets localized on the branes. This study leads to the introduction of a new off-shell extension of supergravity in 5 dimensions, which is well suited for coupling chiral fields on the branes to the bulk supergravity multiplet in the presence of a general superpotential and non vanishing F-terms vacuum expectation values. The generalized Scherk-Schwarz mechanism and the super-Higgs mechanism are also studied in detail in this class of theories. In particular we describe how the pseudo-Goldstinos appear when the supersymmetry is broken by F-terms on the branes and by a Scherk-Schwarz mechanism in the bulk. We also study possibilities for the identification of the pseudo-Goldstinos with the sterile neutrinos. Finally properties of the gravitino in theories with six dimensions are studied. (author)

Self-accelerated brane Universe with warped extra dimension

CERN Document Server

Gorbunov, D S

2008-01-01

We propose a cosmological model which exhibits the phenomenon of self-acceleration: the Universe is attracted to the phase of accelerated expansion at late times even in the absence of the cosmological constant. The self-acceleration is inevitable in the sense that it cannot be neutralized by any negative explicit cosmological constant. The model is formulated in the framework of brane-world theories with a warped extra dimension. The key ingredient of the model is the brane-bulk energy transfer which is carried by bulk vector fields with a sigma-model-like boundary condition on the brane. We explicitly find the 5-dimensional metric corresponding to the late-time de Sitter expansion on the brane; this metric describes an AdS_5 black hole with growing mass. The present value of the Hubble parameter implies the scale of new physics of order 1 TeV, where the proposed model has to be replaced by putative UV-completion. The mechanism leading to the self-acceleration has AdS/CFT interpretation as occurring due to s...

Models for the brane-bulk interaction: Toward understanding braneworld cosmological perturbations

Science.gov (United States)

Binétruy, Pierre; Bucher, Martin; Carvalho, Carla

2004-08-01

Using some simple toy models, we explore the nature of the brane-bulk interaction for cosmological models with a large extra dimension. We are in particular interested in understanding the role of the bulk gravitons, which from the point of view of an observer on the brane will appear to generate dissipation and nonlocality, effects that cannot be incorporated into an effective (3+1)-dimensional Lagrangian field theoretic description. We explicitly work out the dynamics of several discrete systems consisting of a finite number of degrees of freedom on the boundary coupled to a (1+1)-dimensional field theory subject to a variety of wave equations. Systems both with and without time translation invariance are considered and moving boundaries are discussed as well. The models considered contain all the qualitative features of quantized linearized cosmological perturbations for a Randall-Sundrum universe having an arbitrary expansion history, with the sole exception of gravitational gauge invariance, which will be treated in a later paper.

Casimir effect on the brane

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Flachi, Antonino; Tanaka, Takahiro

2009-01-01

We consider the Casimir effect between two parallel plates localized on a brane. We argue that in order to properly compute the contribution to the Casimir energy due to any higher dimensional field, it is necessary to take into account the localization properties of the Kaluza-Klein modes. When the bulk field configuration is such that no massless mode appears in the spectrum, as, for instance, when the higher dimensional field obeys twisted boundary conditions across the branes, the correction to the Casimir energy is exponentially suppressed. When a massless mode is present in the spectrum, the correction to the Casimir energy can be, in principle, sizeable. However, when the bulk field is massless and strongly coupled to brane matter, the model is already excluded without resorting to any Casimir force experiment. The case which is in principle interesting is when the massless mode is not localized on the visible brane. We illustrate a method to compute the Casimir energy between two parallel plates, localized on the visible brane, approximating the Kaluza-Klein spectrum by truncation at the first excited mode. We treat this case by considering a pistonlike configuration and introduce a small parameter, ε, that takes into account the relative amplitude of the zero-mode wave function on the visible brane with respect to the massive excitation. We find that the Casimir energy is suppressed by two factors: at lowest order in ε, the correction to the Casimir energy comes entirely from the massive mode and turns out to be exponentially suppressed; the next-to-leading order correction in ε follows, instead, a power-law suppression due to the small wave-function overlap of the zero mode with matter confined on the visible brane. Generic comments on the constraints on new physics that may arise from Casimir force experiments are also made.

Starobinsky-Like Inflation in Dilaton-Brane Cosmology

CERN Document Server

Ellis, John; Nanopoulos, Dimitri V

2014-01-01

We discuss how Starobinsky-like inflation may emerge from dilaton dynamics in brane cosmology scenarios based on string theory, in which our universe is represented as a three-brane. The effective potential may acquire a constant term from a density of effectively point-like non-pertubative defects on the brane. Higher-genus corrections generate corrections to the effective potential that are exponentially damped at large field values, as in the Starobinsky model, but at a faster rate, leading to a smaller prediction for the tensor-to scalar perturbation ratio r. This may be compensated partially by logarithmic deformations on the world-sheet due to recoil of the defects due to scattering by string matter on the brane, which tend to enhance the tensor-to-scalar ratio.

N{sup 3} entropy of M5 branes from dielectric effect

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hatefi, E., E-mail: ehatefi@ictp.it [International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Strada Costiera 11, Trieste (Italy); Nurmagambetov, A.J., E-mail: ajn@kipt.kharkov.ua [A.I. Akhiezer Institute for Theoretical Physics of NSC KIPT, 1 Akademicheskaya St., Kharkov, UA 61108 (Ukraine); Park, I.Y., E-mail: inyongpark05@gmail.com [Department of Natural and physical Sciences, Philander Smith College, Little Rock, AR 72223 (United States)

2013-01-01

We observe that the N{sup 3} entropy behavior of near-extremal M5 branes can be reproduced from SYM side with the role of Myers' terms. We start by generalizing the Klebanov-Tseytlin (KT) supergravity solution that displays the N{sup 3} entropy behavior. The new feature of the general solution is visibility of the 'internal' degrees of the M5 branes, i.e., the M0 branes and the M2 branes. With the rationale provided by the supergravity analysis, we consider a D0 brane quantum mechanical setup with Myers' terms. Using localization technique, we show that the leading N{sup 3} behavior of the free energy comes from the 'classical contribution' with the rest subleading.

Super jackstraws and super waterwheels

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cho, Jin-Ho

2007-01-01

We construct various new BPS states of D-branes preserving 8 supersymmetries. These include super Jackstraws (a bunch of scattered D- or (p, q)-strings preserving supersymmetries), and super waterwheels (a number of D2-branes intersecting at generic angles on parallel lines while preserving supersymmetries). Super D-Jackstraws are scattered in various dimensions but are dynamical with all their intersections following a common null direction. Meanwhile, super (p, q)-Jackstraws form a planar static configuration. We show that the SO(2) subgroup of SL(2, R), the group of classical S-duality transformations in IIB theory, can be used to generate this latter configuration of variously charged (p, q)-strings intersecting at various angles. The waterwheel configuration of D2-branes preserves 8 supersymmetries as long as the 'critical' Born-Infeld electric fields are along the common direction