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Sample records for initio mo calculations

  1. Cyanogen Azide. Ionization Potentials and Ab Initio SCF MO Calculation

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Bak, Börge; Jansen, Peter; Stafast, Herbert

    1975-01-01

    The Ne(I) and He(I) photoelectron(PE) spectra of cyanogen azide, NCN3, have been recorded at high resolution. Their interpretation is achieved by comparison with the PE spectrum of HN3 and an ab initio LCGO SCF MO calculation. Deviations from Koopmans' theorem of quite different magnitudes...

  2. Ab Initio Calculations and Raman and SERS Spectral Analyses of Amphetamine Species

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Berg, Rolf W.; Nørbygaard, Thomas; White, Peter C.

    2011-01-01

    For the first time, the differences between the spectra of amphetamine and amphetamine-H+ and between different conformers are thoroughly studied by ab initio model calculations, and Raman and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) spectra are measured for different species of amphetamine....... The spectra of amphetamine and amphetamine-H+ sampleswere obtained and assigned according to a comparison of the experimental spectra and the ab initio MO calculations, performed using the Gaussian 03W program (Gaussian, Inc., Pittsburgh, PA). The analyses were based on complete geometry minimization...

  3. All Electron ab initio Investigations of the Electronic States of the MoN Molecule

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Shim, Irene; Gingerich, Karl A.

    1999-01-01

    The low lying electronic states of the molecule MoN have been investigated by performing all electron ab initio multi-configuration self-consistent-field (CASSCF) calculations. The relativistic corrections for the one electron Darwin contact term and the relativistic mass-velocity correction have...

  4. Electronic structure investigation of MoS2 and MoSe2 using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and ab initio band structure studies.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mahatha, S K; Patel, K D; Menon, Krishnakumar S R

    2012-11-28

    Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and ab initio band structure calculations have been used to study the detailed valence band structure of molybdenite, MoS(2) and MoSe(2). The experimental band structure obtained from ARPES has been found to be in good agreement with the theoretical calculations performed using the linear augmented plane wave (LAPW) method. In going from MoS(2) to MoSe(2), the dispersion of the valence bands decreases along both k(parallel) and k(perpendicular), revealing the increased two-dimensional character which is attributed to the increasing interlayer distance or c/a ratio in these compounds. The width of the valence band and the band gap are also found to decrease, whereas the valence band maxima shift towards the higher binding energy from MoS(2) to MoSe(2).

  5. Study of carvedilol by combined Raman spectroscopy and ab initio MO calculations

    OpenAIRE

    Marques, M. P. M.; Oliveira, P. J.; Moreno, A. J. M.; Carvalho, L. A. E. Batista de

    2002-01-01

    The novel cardioprotective drug carvedilol was studied by both Raman spectroscopy and ab initio molecular orbital methods (using the density functional theory approach). The spectra, acquired both for the solid samples and DMSO solutions as a function of pH, were assigned in view of the calculated wavenumbers and intensities, and also based on the experimental data obtained for individual compounds which comprise the molecule, namely carbazole and 1,2-dimethoxybenzene. The pH dependence of th...

  6. Ab initio valence calculations in chemistry

    CERN Document Server

    Cook, D B

    1974-01-01

    Ab Initio Valence Calculations in Chemistry describes the theory and practice of ab initio valence calculations in chemistry and applies the ideas to a specific example, linear BeH2. Topics covered include the Schrödinger equation and the orbital approximation to atomic orbitals; molecular orbital and valence bond methods; practical molecular wave functions; and molecular integrals. Open shell systems, molecular symmetry, and localized descriptions of electronic structure are also discussed. This book is comprised of 13 chapters and begins by introducing the reader to the use of the Schrödinge

  7. Ab-initio ZORA calculations

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Faas, S.; Snijders, Jaap; van Lenthe, J.H.; HernandezLaguna, A; Maruani, J; McWeeny, R; Wilson, S

    2000-01-01

    In this paper we present the first application of the ZORA (Zeroth Order Regular Approximation of the Dirac Fock equation) formalism in Ab Initio electronic structure calculations. The ZORA method, which has been tested previously in the context of Density Functional Theory, has been implemented in

  8. AB INITIO Modeling of Thermomechanical Properties of Mo-Based Alloys for Fossil Energy Conversion

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ching, Wai-Yim

    2013-12-31

    In this final scientific/technical report covering the period of 3.5 years started on July 1, 2011, we report the accomplishments on the study of thermo-mechanical properties of Mo-based intermetallic compounds under NETL support. These include computational method development, physical properties investigation of Mo-based compounds and alloys. The main focus is on the mechanical and thermo mechanical properties at high temperature since these are the most crucial properties for their potential applications. In particular, recent development of applying ab initio molecular dynamic (AIMD) simulations to the T1 (Mo{sub 5}Si{sub 3}) and T2 (Mo{sub 5}SiB{sub 2}) phases are highlighted for alloy design in further improving their properties.

  9. Ab initio molecular orbital calculations on the associated complexes of lithium cyanide with ammonia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mohandas, P.; Shivaglal, M.C.; Chandrasekhar, J.

    1995-01-01

    Ab initio molecular orbital (MO) calculations with the 3-21G and 6-31G basis sets are carried out on a series of complexes of NH 3 with Li + , C triple-bond N - , LiCN, and its isomer LiNC. The BSSE-corrected interaction energies, geometrical parameters, internal force constants, and harmonic vibrational frequencies are evaluated for 15 species. Complexes with trifurcated (C 3v ) structures are calculated to be saddle points on the potential energy surfaces and have one imaginary frequency each. Calculated energies, geometrical parameters, internal force constants, and harmonic vibrational frequencies of the various species considered are discussed in terms of the nature of association of LiCN with ammonia. The vibrational frequencies of the relevant complexed species are compared with the experimental frequencies reported earlier for solutions of lithium cyanide in liquid ammonia. 40 refs., 1 fig., 4 tabs

  10. Ab initio calculation of mechanical and thermal properties of U{sub 2}Mo intermetallic

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Jaroszewicz, S., E-mail: jaroszew@tandar.cnea.gov.ar [Gerencia de Investigación y Aplicaciones, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (Argentina); Losada, E.L.; Garcés, J.E. [DAEE, Centro Atómico Bariloche, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (Argentina); Mosca, H.O. [Gerencia de Investigación y Aplicaciones, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (Argentina)

    2013-10-15

    We present a study of structural, elastic and thermodynamic properties of tetragonal (C11{sub b}) U{sub 2}Mo by means of density-functional theory based calculations using full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method. In this approach the generalized gradient approximation were used for the exchange–correlation potential calculation. The optimized lattice parameters are in excellent agreement with the experimental data. Through the Debye–Grüneisen model the temperature and pressure dependence of equation of state, bulk modulus, thermal expansion and specific heat have been obtained and discussed in the range of pressure 0–20 GPa and the temperature 0–800 K.

  11. Ab initio theory and calculations of X-ray spectra

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rehr, J.J.; Kas, J.J.; Prange, M.P.; Sorini, A.P.; Takimoto, Y.; Vila, F.

    2009-01-01

    There has been dramatic progress in recent years both in the calculation and interpretation of various x-ray spectroscopies. However, current theoretical calculations often use a number of simplified models to account for many-body effects, in lieu of first principles calculations. In an effort to overcome these limitations we describe in this article a number of recent advances in theory and in theoretical codes which offer the prospect of parameter free calculations that include the dominant many-body effects. These advances are based on ab initio calculations of the dielectric and vibrational response of a system. Calculations of the dielectric function over a broad spectrum yield system dependent self-energies and mean-free paths, as well as intrinsic losses due to multielectron excitations. Calculations of the dynamical matrix yield vibrational damping in terms of multiple-scattering Debye-Waller factors. Our ab initio methods for determining these many-body effects have led to new, improved, and broadly applicable x-ray and electron spectroscopy codes. (authors)

  12. Ab-initio calculations of superconducting properties of YBa2Cu3O7

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhao, G.L.; Bagayoko, D.

    1999-01-01

    The authors present ab-initio calculations for the electronic structure and superconducting properties of YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 (YBCO). The electronic structure was calculated using a self-consistent ab-initio LCAO method. They solved the anisotropic Eliashberg gap equation numerically. The strong coupling of the high energy optical phonons around 60--73 meV, with the electrons at the Fermi surface, leads to a high Tc in YBCO. The calculated Tc is about 89 K for μ* = 0.1. The good agreement of the calculated results with experimental measurements and the ab-initio nature of the calculations support the scenario of an anisotropic s-wave superconductor for YBCO

  13. Phonon spectra of elpasolites Cs{sub 2}NaRF{sub 6} (R=Y,Yb): Ab initio calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chernyshev, Vladimir, E-mail: Vladimir.Chernyshev@urfu.ru; Petrov, Vladislav; Nikiforov, Anatoliy; Zakiryanov, Dmitriy [Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg (Russian Federation)

    2015-12-07

    The influence of hydrostatic pressure on structure and dynamics of a crystal lattice of elpasolites Cs{sub 2}NaYbF{sub 6} and Cs{sub 2}NaYF{sub 6} (S.G. 225) within ab initio approach is investigated. Frequencies and irreducible representations (irreps) of phonon modes are determined. Elastic constants are calculated. The calculations are carried out within MO LCAO approach using DFT method with hybrid functionalities of B3LYP and PBE0 in CRYSTAL09 periodic code. For the description of rare earth ion the pseudopotential replacing internal orbitals including 4f orbitals was used. External 5s and 5p orbitals defining chemical bond were described by valence basis sets.

  14. Summation of Parquet diagrams as an ab initio method in nuclear structure calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bergli, Elise; Hjorth-Jensen, Morten

    2011-01-01

    Research highlights: → We present a Green's function based approach for doing ab initio nuclear structure calculations. → In particular the sum the subset of so-called Parquet diagrams. → Applying the theory to a simple but realistic model, results in good agreement with other ab initio methods. → This opens up for ab initio calculations for medium-heavy nuclei. - Abstract: In this work we discuss the summation of the Parquet class of diagrams within Green's function theory as a possible framework for ab initio nuclear structure calculations. The theory is presented and some numerical details are discussed, in particular the approximations employed. We apply the Parquet method to a simple model, and compare our results with those from an exact solution. The main conclusion is that even at the level of approximation presented here, the results shows good agreement with other comparable ab initio approaches.

  15. Augmented wave ab initio EFG calculations: some methodological warnings

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Errico, Leonardo A.; Renteria, Mario; Petrilli, Helena M.

    2007-01-01

    We discuss some accuracy aspects inherent to ab initio electronic structure calculations in the understanding of nuclear quadrupole interactions. We use the projector augmented wave method to study the electric-field gradient (EFG) at both Sn and O sites in the prototype cases SnO and SnO 2 . The term ab initio is used in the standard context of the also called first principles methods in the framework of the Density Functional Theory. As the main contributions of EFG calculations to problems in condensed matter physics are related to structural characterizations on the atomic scale, we discuss the 'state of the art' on theoretical EFG calculations and make a brief critical review on the subject, calling attention to some fundamental theoretical aspects

  16. Augmented wave ab initio EFG calculations: some methodological warnings

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Errico, Leonardo A. [Departamento de Fisica-IFLP (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CC67 (1900) La Plata (Argentina); Renteria, Mario [Departamento de Fisica-IFLP (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CC67 (1900) La Plata (Argentina); Petrilli, Helena M. [Instituto de Fisica-DFMT, Universidade de Sao Paulo, C.P. 66318, 05315-970 Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)]. E-mail: hmpetril@macbeth.if.usp.br

    2007-02-01

    We discuss some accuracy aspects inherent to ab initio electronic structure calculations in the understanding of nuclear quadrupole interactions. We use the projector augmented wave method to study the electric-field gradient (EFG) at both Sn and O sites in the prototype cases SnO and SnO{sub 2}. The term ab initio is used in the standard context of the also called first principles methods in the framework of the Density Functional Theory. As the main contributions of EFG calculations to problems in condensed matter physics are related to structural characterizations on the atomic scale, we discuss the 'state of the art' on theoretical EFG calculations and make a brief critical review on the subject, calling attention to some fundamental theoretical aspects.

  17. Ab initio calculations of 3H(d,n)4He fusion

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Navratil, Petr; Quaglioni, Sofia

    2012-01-01

    We build a new ab initio many-body approach capable of describing simultaneously both bound and scattering states in light nuclei, by combining the resonating-group method with the ab initio no-core shell model. In this way, we complement a microscopic-cluster technique with the use of realistic interactions, and a microscopic and consistent description of the nucleon clusters. We will present the first results of the d- 3 H and d- 3 He fusion calculation obtained within our ab initio approach. We will also discuss our d- 4 He, 3 H- 4 He and 3 H- 3 H scattering calculations and the outline of the extension of the formalism to include three-cluster final states with the goal to calculate the 3 H( 3 H,2n) 4 He cross section

  18. Tuning the Electronic Properties, Effective Mass and Carrier Mobility of MoS2 Monolayer by Strain Engineering: First-Principle Calculations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Phuc, Huynh V.; Hieu, Nguyen N.; Hoi, Bui D.; Hieu, Nguyen V.; Thu, Tran V.; Hung, Nguyen M.; Ilyasov, Victor V.; Poklonski, Nikolai A.; Nguyen, Chuong V.

    2018-01-01

    In this paper, we studied the electronic properties, effective masses, and carrier mobility of monolayer MoS_2 using density functional theory calculations. The carrier mobility was considered by means of ab initio calculations using the Boltzmann transport equation coupled with deformation potential theory. The effects of mechanical biaxial strain on the electronic properties, effective mass, and carrier mobility of monolayer MoS_2 were also investigated. It is demonstrated that the electronic properties, such as band structure and density of state, of monolayer MoS_2 are very sensitive to biaxial strain, leading to a direct-indirect transition in semiconductor monolayer MoS_2. Moreover, we found that the carrier mobility and effective mass can be enhanced significantly by biaxial strain and by lowering temperature. The electron mobility increases over 12 times with a biaxial strain of 10%, while the carrier mobility gradually decreases with increasing temperature. These results are very useful for the future nanotechnology, and they make monolayer MoS_2 a promising candidate for application in nanoelectronic and optoelectronic devices.

  19. Structural determination of stable MoOx monolayers on O/Cu3Au(1 0 0): DFT calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Valadares, George C.S.; Mendes, F.M.T.; Dionízio Moreira, M.; Leitão, A.A.; Niehus, H.

    2012-01-01

    Highlights: ► Molybdenum oxide is widely used in catalysis in the chemical industry. ► Recently, ultra-thin (monolayer) films of MoO x have been produced on top of O-Cu 3 Au substrates. ► XPS measurements suggest an unusual +5 charge state of the Mo cation. ► Seeking for a low-energy structure with good match to the experimental STM and XPS. ► Bader charges indicate indeed an intermediate charge state as compared to the more common Mo +4 O 2 and Mo +6 O 3 bulk oxides. -- Abstract: Using ab initio calculations based on density functional theory (DFT), we propose a geometrical structure for MoO x monolayers recently grown on O/Cu 3 Au(1 0 0) substrates. The proposed structure reproduces the p(2 × 2) symmetry found by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), as well as the intermediate oxidation state between Mo(IV) and Mo(VI) identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Simulated STM images assign the bright spots in the experimental images to oxygen 2p states.

  20. AB INITIO calculations of magneto-optical effects

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Kuneš, Jan; Oppeneer, P. M.

    2002-01-01

    Roč. 2, - (2002), s. 141-146 ISSN 1346-7948 R&D Projects: GA AV ČR IAA1010214 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z1010914 Keywords : electronic structure * ab initio calculation * polar magneto-optical Kerr effect * transitiom metal * uranium intermetallics * CrO 2 Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism

  1. Ab Initio Calculation of Hyperfine Interaction Parameters: Recent Evolutions, Recent Examples

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cottenier, Stefaan; Vanhoof, Veerle; Torumba, Doru; Bellini, Valerio; Cakmak, Mehmet; Rots, Michel

    2004-01-01

    For some years already, ab initio calculations based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) belong to the toolbox of the field of hyperfine interaction studies. In this paper, the standard ab initio approach is schematically sketched. New features, methods and possibilities that broke through during the past few years are listed, and their relation to the standard approach is explained. All this is illustrated by some highlights of recent ab initio work done by the Nuclear Condensed Matter Group at the K.U.Leuven.

  2. Equation of state of U2Mo up-to Mbar pressure range: Ab-initio study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mukherjee, D.; Sahoo, B. D.; Joshi, K. D.; Kaushik, T. C.

    2018-04-01

    Experimentally, U2Mo is known to exist in tetragonal structure at ambient conditions. In contrast to experimental reports, the past theoretical studies carried out in this material do not find this phase to be stable structure at zero pressure. In order to examine this discrepancy between experiment and theory, we have performed ab-initio electronic band structure calculations on this material. In our theoretical study, we have attempted to search for lowest enthalpy structure at ambient as well at high pressure up to 200 GPa, employing evolutionary structure search algorithm in conjunction with ab-inito method. Our investigations suggest that a hexagonal structure with space group symmetry P6/mmm is the lowest enthalpy structure not only at ambient pressure but also up to pressure range of ˜200 GPa. To further, substantiate the results of these static lattice calculations the elastic and lattice dynamical stability has also been analysed. The theoretical isotherm derived from these calculations has been utilized to determine the Hugoniot of this material. Various physical properties such as zero pressure equilibrium volume, bulk modulus and its pressure derivative has also been derived from theoretical isotherm.

  3. Ab Initio Calculations of Transport in Titanium and Aluminum Mixtures

    Science.gov (United States)

    Walker, Nicholas; Novak, Brian; Tam, Ka Ming; Moldovan, Dorel; Jarrell, Mark

    In classical molecular dynamics simulations, the self-diffusion and shear viscosity of titanium about the melting point have fallen within the ranges provided by experimental data. However, the experimental data is difficult to collect and has been rather scattered, making it of limited value for the validation of these calculations. By using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations within the density functional theory framework, the classical molecular dynamics data can be validated. The dynamical data from the ab initio molecular dynamics can also be used to calculate new potentials for use in classical molecular dynamics, allowing for more accurate classical dynamics simulations for the liquid phase. For metallic materials such as titanium and aluminum alloys, these calculations are very valuable due to an increasing demand for the knowledge of their thermophysical properties that drive the development of new materials. For example, alongside knowledge of the surface tension, viscosity is an important input for modeling the additive manufacturing process at the continuum level. We are developing calculations of the viscosity along with the self-diffusion for aluminum, titanium, and titanium-aluminum alloys with ab initio molecular dynamics. Supported by the National Science Foundation through cooperative agreement OIA-1541079 and the Louisiana Board of Regents.

  4. Interactions of foreign interstitial and substitutional atoms in bcc iron from ab initio calculations

    Science.gov (United States)

    You, Y.; Yan, M. F.

    2013-05-01

    C and N atoms are the most frequent foreign interstitial atoms (FIAs), and often incorporated into the surface layers of steels to enhance their properties by thermochemical treatments. Al, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Nb and Mo are the most common alloying elements in steels, also can be called foreign substitutional atoms (FSAs). The FIA and FSA interactions play an important role in the diffusion of C and N atoms, and the microstructures and mechanical properties of surface modified layers. Ab initio calculations based on the density functional theory are carried out to investigate FIA interactions with FSA in ferromagnetic bcc iron. The FIA-FSA interactions are analyzed systematically from five aspects, including interaction energies, density of states (DOS), bond populations, electron density difference maps and local magnetic moments.

  5. Unraveling the structure of the h-BN/Rh(111) nanomesh with ab initio calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Laskowski, R; Blaha, P

    2008-01-01

    The properties of a single layer of h-BN on top of a Rh(111) surface are discussed in terms of an ab initio generated force field approach as well as by direct ab initio density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. A single-layer model for the h-BN/Rh(111) nanomesh, in contrast to a previously considered (incomplete) double-layer model of h-BN, can explain the experimental data. The main focus of this work is to compare a force field approach described earlier in (Laskowski et al 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 106802) with direct ab initio calculations. The calculated geometry of the h-BN layer is very similar to the structure predicted by the force field approach. The ab initio calculated density of states projected on N-p x,y of BN corresponding to 'low' and 'high' regions with respect to the Rh surface shows a 1 eV splitting and thus explains the observed σ-band splitting. Moreover, we find good agreement between calculated and experimental scanning tunneling microscope (STM) images of this system

  6. X-ray diffraction analysis and MO calculations of 1H-tetrazole; 1H-tetorazoru no Xsen kessho kozo kaiseki to bunshi kido keisan

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ono, Yoshio.; Akutsu, Yoshiaki.; Arai, Mitsuru.; Tamura, Masamitsu. [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan). School of Engineering; Matsunaga, Takehiro. [National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research, Tsukuba (Japan)

    1999-02-28

    The X-ray diffraction analysis and the MO calculations of 1H-tetrazole were carried out, in order to explain its high stability. From the X-ray diffraction analysis, five bonds in the ring have intermediate lengths between single and double bond lengths. Therefore, 1H-tetrazole is quite stable because of its aromaticity. The N1-C5 distance of 1.315A is significantly short. The molecular structure which was calculated by the ab initio MO calculation of one 1H-tetrazole molecule at MP2/6-31G* level, showed a good agreement with our experimental one, except for the abnormal short N1-C5 distance. From the calculations of dimers and trimers, 1H-tetrazole is shown to be stabilized by a strong intermolecular electrostatic interaction between the protons and the delocalized electrons over the ring. (author)

  7. MoS{sub 2} on an amorphous HfO{sub 2} surface: An ab initio investigation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Scopel, W. L., E-mail: wlscopel@if.uff.br [Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil and Departamento de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Volta Redonda, Rio de Janerio (Brazil); Miwa, R. H., E-mail: hiroki@infis.ufu.br; Schmidt, T. M., E-mail: tome@infis.ufu.br [Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais (Brazil); Venezuela, P., E-mail: vene@if.uff.br [Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janerio (Brazil)

    2015-05-21

    The energetic stability, electronic and structural properties of MoS{sub 2} adsorbed on an amorphous a-HfO{sub 2} surface (MoS{sub 2}/HfO{sub 2}) are examined through ab initio theoretical investigations. Our total energy results indicate that the formation of MoS{sub 2}/HfO{sub 2} is an exothermic process with an adsorption energy of 34 meV/Å{sup 2}, which means that it is more stable than similar systems like graphene/HfO{sub 2} and MoS{sub 2}/SiO{sub 2}. There are no chemical bonds at the MoS{sub 2}-HfO{sub 2} interface. Upon formation of MoS{sub 2}/HfO{sub 2}, the electronic charge distribution is mostly localized at the interface region with no net charge transfer between the adsorbed MoS{sub 2} sheet and –HfO{sub 2} surface. However, the MoS{sub 2} sheet becomes n-type doped when there are oxygen vacancies in the HfO{sub 2} surface. Further investigation of the electronic distribution reveals that there are no electron- and hole-rich regions (electron-hole puddles) on the MoS{sub 2} sheet, which makes this system promising for use in high-speed nanoelectronic devices.

  8. Physical properties of molybdenum monoboride: Ab-initio study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rajpoot, Priyanka; Rastogi, Anugya; Verma, U. P.

    2018-02-01

    The Ab initio investigations on structural, electronic, optical and thermal properties of MoB have been reported using full potential linearised-augmented plane wave method within the framework of density functional theory. The exchange and correlation potentials were calculated using the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof-Sol generalised gradient approximation. The calculated equilibrium lattice constants and cell volume are in excellent agreement with the experimental results as compared to the available theoretical data. Electronic band structure shows that MoB is metallic in nature. From the partial densities of states of MoB it has been found that major contribution on the Fermi level is due to Mo-4d states. Among the reported optical parameters the large value of reflectivity at low energy shows that MoB can be used as a coating material in IR region. Maximum absorption in extreme UV region shows that it can be used in production of electricity through solar power in space vehicles. Various thermal properties have been calculated in a wide temperature range at high pressures. Change in thermal expansion coefficient with respect to temperature shows that anharmonic effect in MoB is very weak at high temperature. The optical and thermal properties of MoB are presented for the first time in this work.

  9. Atomic structure calculations of Mo XV-XL

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kubo, Hirotaka; Sugie, Tatsuo; Shiho, Makoto; Suzuki, Yasuo; Ishii, Keishi; Maeda, Hikosuke.

    1986-06-01

    Energy levels and oscillator strengths were calculated for Mo XV - Mo XL. The computer program for atomic structure calculation, developed by Dr. Robert D. Cowan, Los Alamos National Laboratory, was used in the present work. The scaled energy parameters were empirically determined from the observed spectral data. We present wavelengths and transition probabilities of Mo XV-XL. Energy levels and spectral patterns are presented in figures that are useful for the identification of spectral lines. (author)

  10. Ab Initio Calculations Of Light-Ion Reactions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Navratil, P.; Quaglioni, S.; Roth, R.; Horiuchi, W.

    2012-01-01

    The exact treatment of nuclei starting from the constituent nucleons and the fundamental interactions among them has been a long-standing goal in nuclear physics. In addition to the complex nature of nuclear forces, one faces the quantum-mechanical many-nucleon problem governed by an interplay between bound and continuum states. In recent years, significant progress has been made in ab initio nuclear structure and reaction calculations based on input from QCD employing Hamiltonians constructed within chiral effective field theory. In this contribution, we present one of such promising techniques capable of describing simultaneously both bound and scattering states in light nuclei. By combining the resonating-group method (RGM) with the ab initio no-core shell model (NCSM), we complement a microscopic cluster approach with the use of realistic interactions and a microscopic and consistent description of the clusters. We discuss applications to light nuclei scattering, radiative capture and fusion reactions.

  11. Geometry optimization of supersymmetrical molecules in quantum chemical ab-initio calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gruenbichler, H.

    1985-01-01

    One-dimensional geometry optimizations in ab-initio SCF-calculations are investigated. It is shown, that the well known standard algorithms are sometimes too expensive and can be replaced or accompanied by more recent algorithms. Two alternatives were realized in the molecule calculating program GAUSSIAN 80, basing on the Fibonacci algorithm and Kryachco potential adjustment. The algorithms were compared in terms of accuracy of results, CPU-time used and reliability of the method. The results are presented in various tables, showing the efficiency of the various methods. A survey of the usual model potentials is given and the compatibility with ab-initio data is evaluated. (Author, shortened and translated by A.N.)

  12. Ab initio and relativistic DFT study of spin–rotation and NMR shielding constants in XF{sub 6} molecules, X = S, Se, Te, Mo, and W

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ruud, Kenneth [Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø—The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø (Norway); Demissie, Taye B. [Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø—The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø (Norway); Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warszawa, Kasprzaka 44 (Poland); Jaszuński, Michał, E-mail: michal.jaszunski@icho.edu.pl [Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warszawa, Kasprzaka 44 (Poland)

    2014-05-21

    We present an analysis of the spin–rotation and absolute shielding constants of XF{sub 6} molecules (X = S, Se, Te, Mo, W) based on ab initio coupled cluster and four-component relativistic density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results show that the relativistic contributions to the spin–rotation and shielding constants are large both for the heavy elements as well as for the fluorine nuclei. In most cases, incorporating the computed relativistic corrections significantly improves the agreement between our results and the well-established experimental values for the isotropic spin–rotation constants and their anisotropic components. This suggests that also for the other molecules, for which accurate and reliable experimental data are not available, reliable values of spin–rotation and absolute shielding constants were determined combining ab initio and relativistic DFT calculations. For the heavy nuclei, the breakdown of the relationship between the spin–rotation constant and the paramagnetic contribution to the shielding constant, due to relativistic effects, causes a significant error in the total absolute shielding constants.

  13. Large-scale ab initio configuration interaction calculations for light nuclei

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Maris, Pieter; Potter, Hugh; Vary, James P; Aktulga, H Metin; Ng, Esmond G; Yang Chao; Caprio, Mark A; Çatalyürek, Ümit V; Saule, Erik; Oryspayev, Dossay; Sosonkina, Masha; Zhou Zheng

    2012-01-01

    In ab-initio Configuration Interaction calculations, the nuclear wavefunction is expanded in Slater determinants of single-nucleon wavefunctions and the many-body Schrodinger equation becomes a large sparse matrix problem. The challenge is to reach numerical convergence to within quantified numerical uncertainties for physical observables using finite truncations of the infinite-dimensional basis space. We discuss strategies for constructing and solving the resulting large sparse matrix eigenvalue problems on current multicore computer architectures. Several of these strategies have been implemented in the code MFDn, a hybrid MPI/OpenMP Fortran code for ab-initio nuclear structure calculations that can scale to 100,000 cores and more. Finally, we will conclude with some recent results for 12 C including emerging collective phenomena such as rotational band structures using SRG evolved chiral N3LO interactions.

  14. Ab Initio Calculations for the BaTiO3 (001) Surface Structure

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    XUE Xu-Yan; WANG Chun-Lei; ZHONG Wei-Lie

    2004-01-01

    @@ The ab initio method within the local density approximation is applied to calculate cubic BaTiO3 (001) surface relaxation and rumpling for two different terminations (BaO and TiO2). Our calculations demonstrate that cubic perovskite BaTiO3 crystals possess surface polarization, accompanied by the presence of the relevant electric field.We analyse their electronic structures (band structure, density of states and the electronic density redistribution with emphasis on the covalency effects). The results are also compared with that of the previous ab initio calculations. Considerable increases of Ti-O chemical bond covalency nearby the surface have been observed.The band gap reduces especially for the TiO2 termination.

  15. [Mo2(CN)11]:5- A detailed description of ligand-field spectra and magnetic properties by first-principles calculations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hendrickx, Marc F A; Clima, S; Chibotaru, L F; Ceulemans, A

    2005-10-06

    An ab initio multiconfigurational approach has been used to calculate the ligand-field spectrum and magnetic properties of the title cyano-bridged dinuclear molybdenum complex. The rather large magnetic coupling parameter J for a single cyano bridge, as derived experimentally for this complex by susceptibility measurements, is confirmed to a high degree of accuracy by our CASPT2 calculations. Its electronic structure is rationalized in terms of spin-spin coupling between the two constituent hexacyano-monomolybdate complexes. An in-depth analysis on the basis of Anderson's kinetic exchange theory provides a qualitative picture of the calculated CASSCF antiferromagnetic ground-state eigenvector in the Mo dimer. Dynamic electron correlations as incorporated into our first-principles calculations by means of the CASPT2 method are essential to obtain quantitative agreement between theory and experiment.

  16. Inelastic neutron scattering an ab-initio calculation of negative thermal expansion in Ag2O

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gupta, M.K.; Mittal, R.; Rols, S.; Chaplot, S.L.

    2012-01-01

    The compound Ag 2 O undergoes large and isotropic negative thermal expansion over 0-500 K. We report temperature dependent inelastic neutron scattering measurements and ab-initio calculations of the phonon spectrum. The temperature dependence of the experimental phonon spectrum shows strong anharmonic nature of phonon modes of energy around 2.4 meV. The ab-initio calculations reveal that the maximum negative Grüneisen parameter, which is a measure of the relevant anharmonicity, occurs for the transverse phonon modes that involve bending motions of the Ag 4 O tetrahedra. The thermal expansion is evaluated from the ab-initio calculation of the pressure dependence of the phonon modes, and found in good agreement with available experimental data.

  17. A program system for ab initio MO calculations on vector and parallel processing machines. Pt. 1

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ernenwein, R.; Rohmer, M.M.; Benard, M.

    1990-01-01

    We present a program system for ab initio molecular orbital calculations on vector and parallel computers. The present article is devoted to the computation of one- and two-electron integrals over contracted Gaussian basis sets involving s-, p-, d- and f-type functions. The McMurchie and Davidson (MMD) algorithm has been implemented and parallelized by distributing over a limited number of logical tasks the calculation of the 55 relevant classes of integrals. All sections of the MMD algorithm have been efficiently vectorized, leading to a scalar/vector ratio of 5.8. Different algorithms are proposed and compared for an optimal vectorization of the contraction of the 'intermediate integrals' generated by the MMD formalism. Advantage is taken of the dynamic storage allocation for tuning the length of the vector loops (i.e. the size of the vectorization buffer) as a function of (i) the total memory available for the job, (ii) the number of logical tasks defined by the user (≤13), and (iii) the storage requested by each specific class of integrals. Test calculations carried out on a CRAY-2 computer show that the average number of finite integrals computed over a (s, p, d, f) CGTO basis set is about 1180000 per second and per processor. The combination of vectorization and parallelism on this 4-processor machine reduces the CPU time by a factor larger than 20 with respect to the scalar and sequential performance. (orig.)

  18. Role of interlayer coupling in ultra thin MoS2

    KAUST Repository

    Cheng, Yingchun; Zhu, Zhiyong; Schwingenschlö gl, Udo

    2012-01-01

    The effects of interlayer coupling on the vibrational and electronic properties of ultra thin MoS 2 were studied by ab initio calculations. For smaller slab thickness, the interlayer distance is significantly elongated because of reduced interlayer

  19. Structural determination of stable MoO{sub x} monolayers on O/Cu{sub 3}Au(1 0 0): DFT calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Valadares, George C.S., E-mail: georgevaladares@if.ufrj.br [Instituto de Fisica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68528, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-972 (Brazil); Mendes, F.M.T. [Divisao de Metrologia de Materiais (DIMAT), Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Normalizacao e Qualidade Industrial (Inmetro), CEP 25250-020, Xerem, Duque de Caxias, RJ (Brazil); Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia, Av. Venezuela 82, Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20081-312 (Brazil); Dionizio Moreira, M. [Divisao de Metrologia de Materiais (DIMAT), Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Normalizacao e Qualidade Industrial (Inmetro), CEP 25250-020, Xerem, Duque de Caxias, RJ (Brazil); Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro, Instituto de Ciencias Exatas, Naturais e Educacao, Av. Getulio Guarita, 159, Bairro Abadia, CEP.: 38025-180, Uberaba, MG (Brazil); Leitao, A.A. [Departamento de Quimica, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG 36036-330 (Brazil); Niehus, H. [Divisao de Metrologia de Materiais (DIMAT), Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Normalizacao e Qualidade Industrial (Inmetro), CEP 25250-020, Xerem, Duque de Caxias, RJ (Brazil); Institut fuer Physik, Humboldt Universitaet zu Berlin, Newtonstrasse 15, Berlin 12489 (Germany); and others

    2012-10-08

    Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Molybdenum oxide is widely used in catalysis in the chemical industry. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Recently, ultra-thin (monolayer) films of MoO{sub x} have been produced on top of O-Cu{sub 3}Au substrates. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer XPS measurements suggest an unusual +5 charge state of the Mo cation. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Seeking for a low-energy structure with good match to the experimental STM and XPS. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Bader charges indicate indeed an intermediate charge state as compared to the more common Mo{sup +4}O{sub 2} and Mo{sup +6}O{sub 3} bulk oxides. -- Abstract: Using ab initio calculations based on density functional theory (DFT), we propose a geometrical structure for MoO{sub x} monolayers recently grown on O/Cu{sub 3}Au(1 0 0) substrates. The proposed structure reproduces the p(2 Multiplication-Sign 2) symmetry found by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), as well as the intermediate oxidation state between Mo(IV) and Mo(VI) identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Simulated STM images assign the bright spots in the experimental images to oxygen 2p states.

  20. Plasmons on the edge of MoS2 nanostructures

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Andersen, Kirsten; Jacobsen, Karsten Wedel; Thygesen, Kristian Sommer

    2014-01-01

    Using ab initio calculations we predict the existence of one-dimensional (1D), atomically confined plasmons at the edges of a zigzag MoS2 nanoribbon. The strongest plasmon originates from a metallic edge state localized on the sulfur dimers decorating the Mo edge of the ribbon. A detailed analysis...... of the dielectric function reveals that the observed deviations from the ideal 1D plasmon behavior result from single-particle transitions between the metallic edge state and the valence and conduction bands of the MoS2 sheet. The Mo and S edges of the ribbon are clearly distinguishable in calculated spatially...... resolved electron energy loss spectrum owing to the different plasmonic properties of the two edges. The edge plasmons could potentially be utilized for tuning the photocatalytic activity of MoS2 nanoparticles....

  1. Interaction of Al with O2 exposed Mo2BC

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bolvardi, Hamid; Music, Denis; Schneider, Jochen M.

    2015-01-01

    Highlights: • Al adheres to many surfaces. • Solid–solid interactions challenging for real (oxidized) surfaces. • Dissociative O 2 adsorption on Mo 2 BC(0 4 0). • Al nonamer is disrupted on oxidized Mo 2 BC(0 4 0). • Adhesion of a residual Al on the native oxide. - Abstract: A Mo 2 BC(0 4 0) surface was exposed to O 2 . The gas interaction was investigated using ab initio molecular dynamics and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of air exposed surfaces. The calculations suggest that the most dominating physical mechanism is dissociative O 2 adsorption whereby Mo−O, O−Mo−O and Mo 2 −C−O bond formation is observed. To validate these results, Mo 2 BC thin films were synthesized utilizing high power pulsed magnetron sputtering and air exposed surfaces were probed by XPS. MoO 2 and MoO 3 bond formation is observed and is consistent with here obtained ab initio data. Additionally, the interfacial interactions of O 2 exposed Mo 2 BC(0 4 0) surface with an Al nonamer is studied with ab initio molecular dynamics to describe on the atomic scale the interaction between this surface and Al to mimic the interface present during cold forming processes of Al based alloys. The Al nonamer was disrupted and Al forms chemical bonds with oxygen contained in the O 2 exposed Mo 2 BC(0 4 0) surface. Based on the comparison of here calculated adsorption energy with literature data, Al−Al bonds are shown to be significantly weaker than the Al−O bonds formed across the interface. Hence, Al−Al bond rupture is expected for a mechanically loaded interface. Therefore the adhesion of a residual Al on the native oxide layer is predicted. This is consistent with experimental observations. The data presented here may also be relevant for other oxygen containing surfaces in a contact with Al or Al based alloys for example during forming operations

  2. Raman spectroscopy, ab-initio model calculations, and conformational, equilibria in ionic liquids

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Berg, Rolf W.

    2009-01-01

    spectroscopy and ab-initio molecular orbital calculations. A discussion is given, based mainly on some recent FT- Raman spectroscopic results on the model ionic liquid system of 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium ([C4C1Im]+X-) salts. The rotational isomerism of the [C4C1Im]+ cation is described: the presence of anti.......3 Brief introduction to ab-initio model calculations .... 312 12.4 Case study on Raman spectroscopy and structure of imidazolium-based ionic liquids ..... 312 12.5 Raman spectra and structure of [C4C1Im]+ liquids ..... 315 12.6 Normal mode analysis and rotational isomerism of the [C4C1Im]+ cation...

  3. Quantifying transition voltage spectroscopy of molecular junctions: Ab initio calculations

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Chen, Jingzhe; Markussen, Troels; Thygesen, Kristian Sommer

    2010-01-01

    Transition voltage spectroscopy (TVS) has recently been introduced as a spectroscopic tool for molecular junctions where it offers the possibility to probe molecular level energies at relatively low bias voltages. In this work we perform extensive ab initio calculations of the nonlinear current...

  4. An Efficient Method for Electron-Atom Scattering Using Ab-initio Calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Xu, Yuan; Yang, Yonggang; Xiao, Liantuan; Jia, Suotang [Shanxi University, Taiyuan (China)

    2017-02-15

    We present an efficient method based on ab-initio calculations to investigate electron-atom scatterings. Those calculations profit from methods implemented in standard quantum chemistry programs. The new approach is applied to electron-helium scattering. The results are compared with experimental and other theoretical references to demonstrate the efficiency of our method.

  5. Ab initio study of energetics and magnetism of sigma phase in Co–Mo and Fe–Mo systems

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Pavlů, Jana; Vřešťál, Jan; Šob, Mojmír

    2016-01-01

    Roč. 24, č. 2 (2016), č. článku Art. Number 025009. ISSN 0965-0393 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA14-15576S Institutional support: RVO:68081723 Keywords : intermetallics * magnetic properties * phase stability * thermodynamic properties * site occupancy * ab-initio calculations Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism Impact factor: 1.891, year: 2016

  6. A Review of Solid-Solution Models of High-Entropy Alloys Based on Ab Initio Calculations

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fuyang Tian

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available Similar to the importance of XRD in experiments, ab initio calculations, as a powerful tool, have been applied to predict the new potential materials and investigate the intrinsic properties of materials in theory. As a typical solid-solution material, the large degree of uncertainty of high-entropy alloys (HEAs results in the difficulty of ab initio calculations application to HEAs. The present review focuses on the available ab initio based solid-solution models (virtual lattice approximation, coherent potential approximation, special quasirandom structure, similar local atomic environment, maximum-entropy method, and hybrid Monte Carlo/molecular dynamics and their applications and limits in single phase HEAs.

  7. Ab initio and Gordon--Kim intermolecular potentials for two nitrogen molecules

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ree, F.H.; Winter, N.W.

    1980-01-01

    Both ab initio MO--LCAO--SCF and the electron-gas (or Gordon--Kim) methods have been used to compute the intermolecular potential (Phi) of N 2 molecules for seven different N 2 --N 2 orientations. The ab initio calculations were carried out using a [4s3p] contracted Gaussian basis set with and without 3d polarization functions. The larger basis set provides adequate results for Phi>0.002 hartree or intermolecular separations less than 6.5--7 bohr. We use a convenient analytic expression to represent the ab initio data in terms of the intermolecular distance and three angles defining the orientations of the two N 2 molecules. The Gordon--Kim method with Rae's self-exchange correction yields Phi, which agrees reasonably well over a large repulsive range. However, a detailed comparison of the electron kinetic energy contributions shows a large difference between the ab initio and the Gordon--Kim calculations. Using the ab initio data we derive an atom--atom potential of the two N 2 molecules. Although this expression does not accurately fit the data at some orientations, its spherical average agrees with the corresponding average of the ab initio Phi remarkably well. The spherically averaged ab initio Phi is also compared with the corresponding quantities derived from experimental considerations. The approach of the ab initio Phi to the classical quadrupole--quadrupole interaction at large intermolecular separation is also discussed

  8. Phase diagrams from ab-initio calculations: Re-W and Fe-B

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hammerschmidt, Thomas; Bialon, Arthur; Palumbo, Mauro; Fries, Suzana G.; Drautz, Ralf [ICAMS, Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum (Germany)

    2011-07-01

    The CALPHAD (CaLculation of Phase Diagrams) method relies on Gibbs energy databases and is of limited predictive power in cases where only limited experimental data is available for constructing the Gibbs energy databases. This is problematic for, e.g., the calculation of the phase transformation kinetics within phase field simulations that not only require the thermodynamic equilibrium data but also information on metastable phases. Such information is difficult to obtain directly from experiment but ab-initio calculations may supplement experimental databases as they comprise metastable phases and arbitrary chemical compositions. We present simulations for two prototypical systems: Re-W and Fe-B. For both systems we calculate the heat of formation for an extensive set of structures using ab-initio calculations and employ the total energies in CALPHAD in order to determine the corresponding phase diagrams. We account for the configurational entropy within the Bragg-Williams approximation and neglect the phenomenological excess-term that is commonly used in CALPHAD as well as the contribution of phonons and electronic excitations to the free energy. According to our calculations the complex intermetallic phases in Re-W are stabilized by the configurational entropy. For Fe-B, we calculate metastable and stable phase diagrams including recently predicted new stable phases.

  9. Ab initio calculation of tensile strength in iron

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Friák, Martin; Šob, Mojmír; Vitek, V.

    2003-01-01

    Roč. 83, 31-34 (2003), s. 3529-3537 ISSN 1478-6435. [Multiscale Materials Modelling: Working Theory for Industry /1./. London, 17.06.2002-20.06.2002] R&D Projects: GA AV ČR IAA1041302; GA ČR GA202/03/1351; GA MŠk OC 523.90 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z2041904 Keywords : ab initio calculations * electronic structure * theoretical tensile strength Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism

  10. Pulse radiolysis and ab initio SCF MO studies of hydroxyl radical reactions with 2,2'-bipyridine and its complexes with transition metal ions

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Maliyachel, A C

    1984-01-01

    In the present study, reactions of hydroxyl radical with 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) and complexes of iron(II) and cobalt(III) containing 2,2'-bipyridine and/or cyanide as ligands have been investigated by pulse radiolysis and also by ab initio self-consistent field, molecular orbital (SCF MO) theoretical techniques for 2,2'-bipyridine and pyridines. In the pulse radiolysis experiments, the nascent products of hydroxyl radical reactions with these compounds have been characterized through their spectral and kinetic properties. All these reactions occur at near diffusion controlled rates to give transient products having absorption in the ultraviolet, visible and, in some cases, near-IR region. The primary reactions of OH are considered to take place by addition mechanisms in the cases of 2,2'-bipyridine, (Fe(bpy)/sub 3/)/sup 2 +/, (Fe(DMbpy)/sub 3/)/sup 2 +/ and (Co(bpy)/sub 3/)/sup 3 +/. With (Fe(pby)/sub 2/(CN)/sub 2/) and (Fe(bpy)(CN)/sub 4/)/sup 2 -/, both addition and charge transfer processes occur. The present study indicates that hydroxyl radical reactions with 2,2'-bipyridine can be considerably altered by complexation with metal ions such as iron(II) and cobalt(III), and the factors associated with this are discussed. In the second part of this work, ab initio SCF MO calculations have been performed for the reactions of OH with pyridine, pyridinium ion and 2,2'-bipyridine. Based on the calculated total energies for the various hydroxy radical products, the relative stability of OH addition products are found to be for pyridine, meta-C > N >> para-C > ortho-C; for pyridinium ion, meta-C >> para-C > ortho-C > N, and for 2,2'- bipyridine, C/sub 5/ > C/sub 6/ > C/sub 3/ > C/sub 4/ > N.

  11. Shear stiffness in nanolaminar Ti3SiC2 challenges ab initio calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kisi, E H; Zhang, J F; Kirstein, O; Riley, D P; Styles, M J; Paradowska, A M

    2010-01-01

    Nanolaminates such as the M n+1 AX n (MAX) phases are a material class with ab initio derived elasticity tensors published for over 250 compounds. We have for the first time experimentally determined the full elasticity tensor of the archetype MAX phase, Ti 3 SiC 2 , using polycrystalline samples and in situ neutron diffraction. The experimental elastic constants show extreme shear stiffness, with c 44 more than five times greater than expected for an isotropic material. Such shear stiffness is quite rare in hexagonal materials and strongly contradicts the predictions of all published MAX phase elastic constants derived from ab initio calculations. It is concluded that second order properties such as elastic moduli derived from ab initio calculations require careful experimental verification. The diffraction technique used currently provides the only method of verification for the elasticity tensor for the majority of new materials where single crystals are not available. (fast track communication)

  12. Iron -chromium alloys and free surfaces: from ab initio calculations to thermodynamic modeling

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Levesque, M.

    2010-11-01

    Ferritic steels possibly strengthened by oxide dispersion are candidates as structural materials for generation IV and fusion nuclear reactors. Their use is limited by incomplete knowledge of the iron-chromium phase diagram at low temperatures and of the phenomena inducing preferential segregation of one element at grain boundaries or at surfaces. In this context, this work contributes to the multi-scale study of the model iron-chromium alloy and their free surfaces by numerical simulations. This study begins with ab initio calculations of properties related to the mixture of atoms of iron and chromium. We highlight complex dependency of the magnetic moments of the chromium atoms on their local chemical environment. Surface properties are also proving sensitive to magnetism. This is the case of impurity segregation of chromium in iron and of their interactions near the surface. In a second step, we construct a simple energy model for high numerical efficiency. It is based on pair interactions on a rigid lattice to which are given local chemical environment and temperature dependencies. With this model, we reproduce the ab initio results at zero temperature and experimental results at high temperature. We also deduce the solubility limits at all intermediate temperatures with mean field approximations that we compare to Monte Carlo simulations. The last step of our work is to introduce free surfaces in our model. We then study the effect of ab initio calculated bulk and surface properties on surface segregation.Finally, we calculate segregation isotherms. We therefore propose an evolution model of surface composition of iron-chromium alloys as a function of bulk composition. which are given local chemical environment and temperature dependencies. With this model, we reproduce the ab initio results at zero temperature and experimental results at high temperature. We also deduce the solubility limits at all intermediate temperatures with mean field approximations that

  13. Interaction of Al with O{sub 2} exposed Mo{sub 2}BC

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bolvardi, Hamid; Music, Denis, E-mail: music@mch.rwth-aachen.de; Schneider, Jochen M.

    2015-03-30

    Highlights: • Al adheres to many surfaces. • Solid–solid interactions challenging for real (oxidized) surfaces. • Dissociative O{sub 2} adsorption on Mo{sub 2}BC(0 4 0). • Al nonamer is disrupted on oxidized Mo{sub 2}BC(0 4 0). • Adhesion of a residual Al on the native oxide. - Abstract: A Mo{sub 2}BC(0 4 0) surface was exposed to O{sub 2}. The gas interaction was investigated using ab initio molecular dynamics and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of air exposed surfaces. The calculations suggest that the most dominating physical mechanism is dissociative O{sub 2} adsorption whereby Mo−O, O−Mo−O and Mo{sub 2}−C−O bond formation is observed. To validate these results, Mo{sub 2}BC thin films were synthesized utilizing high power pulsed magnetron sputtering and air exposed surfaces were probed by XPS. MoO{sub 2} and MoO{sub 3} bond formation is observed and is consistent with here obtained ab initio data. Additionally, the interfacial interactions of O{sub 2} exposed Mo{sub 2}BC(0 4 0) surface with an Al nonamer is studied with ab initio molecular dynamics to describe on the atomic scale the interaction between this surface and Al to mimic the interface present during cold forming processes of Al based alloys. The Al nonamer was disrupted and Al forms chemical bonds with oxygen contained in the O{sub 2} exposed Mo{sub 2}BC(0 4 0) surface. Based on the comparison of here calculated adsorption energy with literature data, Al−Al bonds are shown to be significantly weaker than the Al−O bonds formed across the interface. Hence, Al−Al bond rupture is expected for a mechanically loaded interface. Therefore the adhesion of a residual Al on the native oxide layer is predicted. This is consistent with experimental observations. The data presented here may also be relevant for other oxygen containing surfaces in a contact with Al or Al based alloys for example during forming operations.

  14. Permanent and induced dipole requirements in ab initio calculations of electron affinities of polar molecules

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Garrett, W.R.

    1979-01-01

    Through the use of a molecular pseudopotential method, we determine the a approximate magnitudes of errors that result when electron affinity determinations of polar negative ions are made through ab initio calculations in which the use of a given basis set yields inappropriate values for permanent and induced dipole moments of the neutral molecule. These results should prove useful in assessing the adequacy of basis sets in ab initio calculations of molecular electron affinities for simple linear polar molecules

  15. Raman Spectroscopy and Ab-Initio Model Calculations on Ionic Liquids

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Berg, Rolf W.

    2007-01-01

    spectroscopy and ab-initio molecular orbital calculations. A discussion is given, based mainly on some recent FT-Raman spectroscopic results on the model ionic liquid system of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium ([C4mim][X]) salts. The rotational isomerism of the [C4mim]þ cation is described: the presence of anti...

  16. Lattice structures and electronic properties of MO/MoSe2 interface from first-principles calculations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Yu; Tang, Fu-Ling; Xue, Hong-Tao; Lu, Wen-Jiang; Liu, Jiang-Fei; Huang, Min

    2015-02-01

    Using first-principles plane-wave calculations within density functional theory, we theoretically studied the atomic structure, bonding energy and electronic properties of the perfect Mo (110)/MoSe2 (100) interface with a lattice mismatch less than 4.2%. Compared with the perfect structure, the interface is somewhat relaxed, and its atomic positions and bond lengths change slightly. The calculated interface bonding energy is about -1.2 J/m2, indicating that this interface is very stable. The MoSe2 layer on the interface has some interface states near the Fermi level, the interface states are mainly caused by Mo 4d orbitals, while the Se atom almost have no contribution. On the interface, Mo-5s and Se-4p orbitals hybridize at about -6.5 to -5.0 eV, and Mo-4d and Se-4p orbitals hybridize at about -5.0 to -1.0 eV. These hybridizations greatly improve the bonding ability of Mo and Se atom in the interface. By Bader charge analysis, we find electron redistribution near the interface which promotes the bonding of the Mo and MoSe2 layer.

  17. Single-layer 1T‧-MoS2 under electron irradiation from ab initio molecular dynamics

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pizzochero, Michele; Yazyev, Oleg V.

    2018-04-01

    Irradiation with high-energy particles has recently emerged as an effective tool for tailoring the properties of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides. In order to carry out an atomically-precise manipulation of the lattice, a detailed understanding of the beam-induced events occurring at the atomic scale is necessary. Here, we investigate the response of 1T' -MoS2 to the electron irradiation by ab initio molecular dynamics means. Our simulations suggest that an electron beam with energy smaller than 75 keV does not result in any knock-on damage. The displacement threshold energies are different for the two nonequivalent sulfur atoms in 1T' -MoS2 and strongly depend on whether the top or bottom chalcogen layer is considered. As a result, a careful tuning of the beam energy can promote the formation of ordered defects in the sample. We further discuss the effect of the electron irradiation in the neighborhood of a defective site, the mobility of the sulfur vacancies created and their tendency to aggregate. Overall, our work provides useful guidelines for the imaging and the defect engineering of 1T' -MoS2 using electron microscopy.

  18. Origin of the n -type and p -type conductivity of MoS 2 monolayers on a SiO 2 substrate

    KAUST Repository

    Dolui, Kapildeb; Rungger, Ivan; Sanvito, Stefano

    2013-01-01

    Ab initio density functional theory calculations are performed to study the electronic properties of a MoS2 monolayer deposited over a SiO 2 substrate in the presence of interface impurities and defects. When MoS2 is placed on a defect

  19. Ab-initio study of electronic and magnetic properties of Co-doped Mo2C monolayer

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mehta, Veenu; Tankeshwar, K.; Saini, Hardev S.

    2018-05-01

    The spin polarized density functional theory (DFT) based calculations has been performed to investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of pristine and Co-doped Mo2C using VASP code. The calculated results show that the pristine Mo2C is found to be non-magnetic whereas the Co dopant at Mo-site in the Mo2C monolayer generates the ferromagnetism in the resultant compound. The total magnetic moment of the system has been found to be 1.2µB which increases to 2.03µB as the concentration of Co increase from 3% to 8%, respectively. The electronic structure calculations of the pristine and Co-doped Mo2C show its metallic behavior which may found its application in magnetic energy storage devices, magnetic tape etc.

  20. Ab initio calculation of positron distribution, ACAR and lifetime in TTF-TCNQ

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ishibashi, Shoji; Kohyama, Masanori

    2000-01-01

    We have performed ab initio calculations of positron distribution, ACAR and lifetime in the quasi-one-dimensional organic conductor TTF-TCNQ. The electronic structure is obtained within the LDA, while the positron state is calculated either with the LDA or with the GGA. Except the positron lifetime, differences between the LDA and GGA results are rather small. The obtained results are compared with our previous experiments and calculations.

  1. Large theoretical thermoelectric power factor of suspended single-layer MoS2

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Babaei, Hasan; Khodadadi, J. M.; Sinha, Sanjiv

    2014-01-01

    We have calculated the semi-classical thermoelectric power factor of suspended single-layer (SL)- MoS 2 utilizing electron relaxation times derived from ab initio calculations. Measurements of the thermoelectric power factor of SL-MoS 2 on substrates reveal poor power factors. In contrast, we find the thermoelectric power factor of suspended SL-MoS 2 to peak at ∼2.8 × 10 4 μW/m K 2 at 300 K, at an electron concentration of 10 12 cm −2 . This figure is higher than that in bulk Bi 2 Te 3 , for example. Given its relatively high thermal conductivity, suspended SL-MoS 2 may hold promise for in-plane thin-film Peltier coolers, provided reasonable mobilities can be realized

  2. Ab Initio Many-Body Calculations Of Nucleon-Nucleus Scattering

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Quaglioni, S; Navratil, P

    2008-12-17

    We develop a new ab initio many-body approach capable of describing simultaneously both bound and scattering states in light nuclei, by combining the resonating-group method with the use of realistic interactions, and a microscopic and consistent description of the nucleon clusters. This approach preserves translational symmetry and Pauli principle. We outline technical details and present phase shift results for neutron scattering on {sup 3}H, {sup 4}He and {sup 10}Be and proton scattering on {sup 3,4}He, using realistic nucleon-nucleon (NN) potentials. Our A = 4 scattering results are compared to earlier ab initio calculations. We find that the CD-Bonn NN potential in particular provides an excellent description of nucleon-{sup 4}He S-wave phase shifts. We demonstrate that a proper treatment of the coupling to the n-{sup 10}Be continuum is successful in explaining the parity-inverted ground state in {sup 11}Be.

  3. Ab-initio calculations for dilute magnetic semiconductors

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Belhadji, Brahim

    2008-03-03

    This thesis focusses on ab-initio calculations for the electronic structure and the magnetic properties of dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMS). In particular we aim at the understanding of the complex exchange interactions in these systems. Our calculations are based on density functional theory, being ideally suited for a description of the material specific properties of the considered DMS. Moreover we use the KKR Green function method in connection with the coherent potential approximation (CPA), which allows to include the random substitutional disorder in a mean field-like approximation for the electronic structure. Finally we calculate the exchange coupling constants J{sub ij} between two impurities in a CPA medium by using the Lichtenstein formula and from this calculate the Curie temperature by a numerically exact Monte Carlo method. Based on this analysis we found and investigated four different exchange mechanisms being of importance in DMS systems: Double exchange, p-d exchange, antiferromagnetic superexchanges, and ferromagnetic superexchange. A second topic we have investigated in this thesis is the pressure dependence of the exchange interactions and the Curie temperatures in (Ga,Mn)As and (In,Mn)As, using the LDA and the LDA+U approximations. Exact calculations of T{sub C} by Monte Carlo simulations show a somehow different behavior. (orig.)

  4. Study on the surface hydroxyl group on solid breeding materials by ab-initio calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Tanaka, Satoru; Taniguchi, Masaki [Tokyo Univ. (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

    1996-10-01

    The nature of -OH on the surface of Li{sub 2}O was analyzed with the ab-initio quantum chemical calculation technique. Calculation results showed that the stretching vibration of O-H is affected by the chemical species around the -OH. (author)

  5. Spin transport properties of partially edge-hydrogenated MoS2 nanoribbon heterostructure

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Peng, Li; Yao, Kailun; Zhu, Sicong; Ni, Yun; Zu, Fengxia; Wang, Shuling; Guo, Bin; Tian, Yong

    2014-01-01

    We report ab initio calculations of electronic transport properties of heterostructure based on MoS 2 nanoribbons. The heterostructure consists of edge hydrogen-passivated and non-passivated zigzag MoS 2 nanoribbons (ZMoS 2 NR-H/ZMoS 2 NR). Our calculations show that the heterostructure has half-metallic behavior which is independent of the nanoribbon width. The opening of spin channels of the heterostructure depends on the matching of particular electronic orbitals in the Mo-dominated edges of ZMoS 2 NR-H and ZMoS 2 NR. Perfect spin filter effect appears at small bias voltages, and large negative differential resistance and rectifying effects are also observed in the heterostructure.

  6. Ab-initio calculations of electric field gradient in Ru compounds and ...

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    S N Mishra

    2017-07-11

    Jul 11, 2017 ... with calculated electric field gradient (EFG) for a large number of Ru-based compounds. The ab-initio ... zz assumed to stem from geometric arrangement of ... tant nuclear probes for the measurements of quadrupole ... with the unit cell including the nucleus and no restriction is put on ..... The effect of on-site ...

  7. Ab initio Calculations of Charge Symmetry Breaking in the A=4 Hypernuclei

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Gazda, Daniel; Gal, A.

    2016-01-01

    Roč. 116, č. 12 (2016), s. 122501 ISSN 0031-9007 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA15-04301S Institutional support: RVO:61389005 Keywords : ab initio * shell model * four-body calculations Subject RIV: BE - Theoretical Physics Impact factor: 8.462, year: 2016

  8. Ab initio calculation atomics ground state wave function for interactions Ion- Atom

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shojaee, F.; Bolori zadeh, M. A.

    2007-01-01

    Ab initio calculation atomics ground state wave function for interactions Ion- Atom Atomic wave function expressed in a Slater - type basis obtained within Roothaan- Hartree - Fock for the ground state of the atoms He through B. The total energy is given for each atom.

  9. First-principles study of MoS2 and MoSe2 nanoclusters in the framework of evolutionary algorithm and density functional theory

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hashemi, Zohreh; Rafiezadeh, Shohreh; Hafizi, Roohollah; Hashemifar, S. Javad; Akbarzadeh, Hadi

    2018-04-01

    Evolutionary algorithm is combined with full-potential ab initio calculations to investigate conformational space of (MoS2)n and (MoSe2)n (n = 1-10) nanoclusters and to identify the lowest energy structural isomers of these systems. It is argued that within both BLYP and PBE functionals, these nanoclusters favor sandwiched planar configurations, similar to their ideal planar sheets. The second order difference in total energy (Δ2 E) of the lowest energy isomers is computed to estimate the abundance of the clusters at different sizes and to determine the magic sizes of (MoS2)n and (MoSe2)n nanoclusters. In order to investigate the electronic properties of nanoclusters, their energy gap is calculated by several methods, including hybrid functionals (B3LYP and PBE0), GW approach, and Δ scf method. At the end, the vibrational modes of the lowest lying isomers are calculated by using the force constants method and the IR active modes of the systems are identified. The vibrational spectra are used to calculate the Helmholtz free energy of the systems and then to investigate abundance of the nanoclusters at finite temperatures.

  10. Investigation of sputtered Mo2BC hard coatings : correlation of nanostructure and mechanical properties

    OpenAIRE

    Gleich, Stephan

    2017-01-01

    This thesis is dedicated to the study of Mo2BC coatings on silicon substrates. According to reported ab initio calculations in literature, which predicted a high stiffness and a moderate ductile behavior for the material, Mo2BC is a predestinated candidate to act as hard coating layer. The focus in this thesis is set on the nanostructure of Mo2BC hard coatings explored by transmission electron microscopy as a function of the used substrate temperature, applied during the deposition process us...

  11. Structural comparison of 1{beta}-Methylcarbapenem, Carbapenem and Penem: NMR studies and theoretical calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sunagawa, M.; Sasaki, A.; Igarashi, J.-E.; Nishimura, T. [Research Center, Sumitomo Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., 3-1-98 Kasugadenaka, Konohanaku, Osaka (Japan)

    1998-04-01

    Structural comparisons of meropenem (1), desmethyl meropenem (2) and the penem analogue (3) which contain the same side chains at both C-2 and C-6 were performed using {sup 1}H NMR measurements together with 3-21G* level of ab initio MO and molecular mechanics calculations. The ab initio MO calculations reproduced the skeletons of these strained {beta}-lactam rings in good agreement with the crystallographic data. {sup 1}H NMR measurements in aqueous solution together with molecular modeling studies indicated that there were conformational differences of the C-2 and C-6 side chains in this series of compounds. These observations suggested that the conformational differences could affect their biological activities. (Copyright (c) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. All rights reserved.)

  12. Structural comparison of 1β-Methylcarbapenem, Carbapenem and Penem: NMR studies and theoretical calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sunagawa, M.; Sasaki, A.; Igarashi, J.-E.; Nishimura, T.

    1998-01-01

    Structural comparisons of meropenem (1), desmethyl meropenem (2) and the penem analogue (3) which contain the same side chains at both C-2 and C-6 were performed using 1 H NMR measurements together with 3-21G* level of ab initio MO and molecular mechanics calculations. The ab initio MO calculations reproduced the skeletons of these strained β-lactam rings in good agreement with the crystallographic data. 1 H NMR measurements in aqueous solution together with molecular modeling studies indicated that there were conformational differences of the C-2 and C-6 side chains in this series of compounds. These observations suggested that the conformational differences could affect their biological activities. (Copyright (c) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. All rights reserved.)

  13. H3+: Ab initio calculation of the vibration spectrum

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Carney, G.D.; Porter, R.N.

    1976-01-01

    The vibration spectrum of H 3 + is calculated from the representation of a previously reported [J. Chem Phys. 60, 4251 (1974)] ab initio potential-energy surface in a fifth degree Simons--Parr--Finlan (SPF) expansion. Morse- and harmonic-oscillator basis functions are used to describe the motions of the three oscillators and the Harris--Engerholm--Gwinn quadrature technique is used to obtain matrix elements of the Hamiltonian in the basis of vibrational configurations. Our variational method is thus analogous to configuration--interaction calculations for electronic states. The ground state is found to have a zero-point energy of 4345 cm -1 and a vibrationally averaged geometry of R 1 =R 2 =0.91396 A, theta=60.0012degree, where theta is the angle between the two equivalent bonds. The transition frequencies for the E and A 1 fundamentals are nu-bar/sub E/=2516 cm -1 and nu-bar/sub A/=3185 cm -1 and those for the corresponding first overtones of the bending mode are 2nu-bar/sub E/=5004 +- 4 cm -1 and 2nu-bar/sub A/=4799 cm -1 . The first overtone of the breathing mode is 6264 cm -1 . The first-excited A 1 vibration state is metastable with a dipole--radiation lifetime of 3 sec. Transition frequencies, Einstein coefficients, and lifetimes are reported for a total of 21 transitions. Analysis of results for Dunham number and normal-coordinate expansions in comparison with those for SPF expansion show the latter to be superior for ab initio vibrational calculations. A scheme for possible direct measurement of the fundamental A 1 and E vibrational bands is suggested

  14. Ab initio, mean field theory and series expansions calculations study of electronic and magnetic properties of antiferromagnetic MnSe alloys

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Masrour, R., E-mail: rachidmasrour@hotmail.com [Laboratory of Materials, Processes, Environment and Quality, Cady Ayyed University, National School of Applied Sciences, BP. 63, 46000 Safi (Morocco); LMPHE (URAC 12), Faculty of Science, Mohammed V-Agdal University, Rabat (Morocco); Hlil, E.K. [Institut Néel, CNRS et Université Joseph Fourier, BP 166, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9 (France); Hamedoun, M. [Institute of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies, MAScIR, Rabat (Morocco); Benyoussef, A. [LMPHE (URAC 12), Faculty of Science, Mohammed V-Agdal University, Rabat (Morocco); Institute of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies, MAScIR, Rabat (Morocco); Hassan II Academy of Science and Technology, Rabat (Morocco); Mounkachi, O.; El Moussaoui, H. [Institute of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies, MAScIR, Rabat (Morocco)

    2014-06-01

    Self-consistent ab initio calculations, based on DFT (Density Functional Theory) approach and using FLAPW (Full potential Linear Augmented Plane Wave) method, are performed to investigate both electronic and magnetic properties of the MnSe lattice. Polarized spin and spin–orbit coupling are included in calculations within the framework of the antiferromagnetic state between two adjacent Mn lattices. Magnetic moments considered to lie along (001) axes are computed. Obtained data from ab initio calculations are used as input for the high temperature series expansions (HTSEs) calculations to compute other magnetic parameters. The zero-field high temperature static susceptibility series of the spin −4.28 nearest-neighbor Ising model on face centered cubic (fcc) and lattices is thoroughly analyzed by means of a power series coherent anomaly method (CAM). The exchange interaction between the magnetic atoms and the Néel temperature are deduced using the mean filed and HTSEs theories. - Highlights: • Ab initio calculations are used to investigate both electronic and magnetic properties of the MnSe alloys. • Obtained data from ab initio calculations are used as input for the HTSEs. • The Néel temperature is obtained for MnSe alloys.

  15. Interrelations between EOS parameters and cohesive energy of transition metals: Thermostatistical approach, ab initio calculations and analysis of ;universality; features

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bertoldi, Dalía S.; Ramos, Susana B.; Guillermet, Armando Fernández

    2017-08-01

    We present a theoretical analysis of the equation of state (EOS) of metals using a quasi-harmonic Einstein model with a dimensionless cohesive energy versus distance function (F(z)) involving the Wigner-Seitz radius and a material-dependent scaling length, as suggested in classical works by Rose, Ferrante, Smith and collaborators. Using this model, and "universal" values for the function and its first and second derivatives at the equilibrium distance (z=0), three general interrelations between EOS parameters and the cohesive energy are obtained. The first correlation involves the bulk modulus, and the second, the thermal expansion coefficient. In order to test these results an extensive database is developed, which involves available experimental data, and results of current ab initio density-functional-theory calculations using the VASP code. In particular, the 0 K values for volume, bulk modulus, its pressure derivative, and the cohesive energy of 27 elements belonging to the first (Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn), second (Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd) and third (Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au) transition row of the Periodic Table are calculated ab initio and used to test the present results. The third correlation obtained, allows an evaluation of the third derivative of F(z) at z=0 for the current elements. With this new information, a discussion is presented of the possibility of finding a "universal" F(z) versus z function able to account accurately for the pressure derivative of the bulk modulus of the transition elements.

  16. Large theoretical thermoelectric power factor of suspended single-layer MoS{sub 2}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Babaei, Hasan, E-mail: babaei@illinois.edu, E-mail: babaei@auburn.edu [Mechanical Science and Engineering Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801-2906 (United States); Mechanical Engineering Department, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5341 (United States); Khodadadi, J. M. [Mechanical Engineering Department, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5341 (United States); Sinha, Sanjiv [Mechanical Science and Engineering Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801-2906 (United States)

    2014-11-10

    We have calculated the semi-classical thermoelectric power factor of suspended single-layer (SL)- MoS{sub 2} utilizing electron relaxation times derived from ab initio calculations. Measurements of the thermoelectric power factor of SL-MoS{sub 2} on substrates reveal poor power factors. In contrast, we find the thermoelectric power factor of suspended SL-MoS{sub 2} to peak at ∼2.8 × 10{sup 4} μW/m K{sup 2} at 300 K, at an electron concentration of 10{sup 12} cm{sup −2}. This figure is higher than that in bulk Bi{sub 2}Te{sub 3}, for example. Given its relatively high thermal conductivity, suspended SL-MoS{sub 2} may hold promise for in-plane thin-film Peltier coolers, provided reasonable mobilities can be realized.

  17. Quantum calculations of the IR spectrum of liquid water using ab initio and model potential and dipole moment surfaces and comparison with experiment

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Liu, Hanchao; Wang, Yimin; Bowman, Joel M. [Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation and Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322 (United States)

    2015-05-21

    The calculation and characterization of the IR spectrum of liquid water have remained a challenge for theory. In this paper, we address this challenge using a combination of ab initio approaches, namely, a quantum treatment of IR spectrum using the ab initio WHBB water potential energy surface and a refined ab initio dipole moment surface. The quantum treatment is based on the embedded local monomer method, in which the three intramolecular modes of each embedded H{sub 2}O monomer are fully coupled and also coupled singly to each of six intermolecular modes. The new dipole moment surface consists of a previous spectroscopically accurate 1-body dipole moment surface and a newly fitted ab initio intrinsic 2-body dipole moment. A detailed analysis of the new dipole moment surface in terms of the coordinate dependence of the effective atomic charges is done along with tests of it for the water dimer and prism hexamer double-harmonic spectra against direct ab initio calculations. The liquid configurations are taken from previous molecular dynamics calculations of Skinner and co-workers, using the TIP4P plus E3B rigid monomer water potential. The IR spectrum of water at 300 K in the range of 0–4000 cm{sup −1} is calculated and compared with experiment, using the ab initio WHBB potential and new ab initio dipole moment, the q-TIP4P/F potential, which has a fixed-charged description of the dipole moment, and the TTM3-F potential and dipole moment surfaces. The newly calculated ab initio spectrum is in very good agreement with experiment throughout the above spectral range, both in band positions and intensities. This contrasts to results with the other potentials and dipole moments, especially the fixed-charge q-TIP4P/F model, which gives unrealistic intensities. The calculated ab initio spectrum is analyzed by examining the contribution of various transitions to each band.

  18. Quantum calculations of the IR spectrum of liquid water using ab initio and model potential and dipole moment surfaces and comparison with experiment

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Liu, Hanchao; Wang, Yimin; Bowman, Joel M.

    2015-01-01

    The calculation and characterization of the IR spectrum of liquid water have remained a challenge for theory. In this paper, we address this challenge using a combination of ab initio approaches, namely, a quantum treatment of IR spectrum using the ab initio WHBB water potential energy surface and a refined ab initio dipole moment surface. The quantum treatment is based on the embedded local monomer method, in which the three intramolecular modes of each embedded H 2 O monomer are fully coupled and also coupled singly to each of six intermolecular modes. The new dipole moment surface consists of a previous spectroscopically accurate 1-body dipole moment surface and a newly fitted ab initio intrinsic 2-body dipole moment. A detailed analysis of the new dipole moment surface in terms of the coordinate dependence of the effective atomic charges is done along with tests of it for the water dimer and prism hexamer double-harmonic spectra against direct ab initio calculations. The liquid configurations are taken from previous molecular dynamics calculations of Skinner and co-workers, using the TIP4P plus E3B rigid monomer water potential. The IR spectrum of water at 300 K in the range of 0–4000 cm −1 is calculated and compared with experiment, using the ab initio WHBB potential and new ab initio dipole moment, the q-TIP4P/F potential, which has a fixed-charged description of the dipole moment, and the TTM3-F potential and dipole moment surfaces. The newly calculated ab initio spectrum is in very good agreement with experiment throughout the above spectral range, both in band positions and intensities. This contrasts to results with the other potentials and dipole moments, especially the fixed-charge q-TIP4P/F model, which gives unrealistic intensities. The calculated ab initio spectrum is analyzed by examining the contribution of various transitions to each band

  19. Benefits of Parallel I/O in Ab Initio Nuclear Physics Calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Laghave, Nikhil; Sosonkina, Masha; Maris, Pieter; Vary, James P.

    2009-01-01

    Many modern scientific applications rely on highly parallel calculations, which scale to 10's of thousands processors. However, most applications do not concentrate on parallelizing input/output operations. In particular, sequential I/O has been identified as a bottleneck for the highly scalable MFDn (Many Fermion Dynamics for nuclear structure) code performing ab initio nuclear structure calculations. In this paper, we develop interfaces and parallel I/O procedures to use a well-known parallel I/O library in MFDn. As a result, we gain efficient input/output of large datasets along with their portability and ease of use in the downstream processing.

  20. Elasticity, electronic properties and hardness of MoC investigated by first principles calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Liu, YangZhen; Jiang, YeHua; Feng, Jing; Zhou, Rong

    2013-01-01

    The crystal structure, cohesive energy, formation enthalpy, mechanical anisotropy, electronic properties and hardness of α−MoC, β−MoC and γ−MoC are investigated by the first-principles calculations. The elastic constants and the bulk moduli, shear moduli, Young's moduli are calculated. The Young's modulus values of α−MoC, β−MoC and γ−MoC are 395.6 GPa, 551.2 GPa and 399.5 GPa, respectively. The surface constructions of Young's moduli identify the mechanical anisotropy of molybdenum carbide, and the results show that anisotropy of α−MoC is stronger than others. The electronic structure indicates that the bonding behaviors of MoC are the combinations of covalent and metallic bonds. The hardness of β−MoC is obviously higher than those of α−MoC and γ−MoC

  1. Efficient Ab-Initio Electron Transport Calculations for Heterostructures by the Nonequilibrium Green’s Function Method

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hirokazu Takaki

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available We present an efficient computation technique for ab-initio electron transport calculations based on density functional theory and the nonequilibrium Green’s function formalism for application to heterostructures with two-dimensional (2D interfaces. The computational load for constructing the Green’s functions, which depends not only on the energy but also on the 2D Bloch wave vector along the interfaces and is thus catastrophically heavy, is circumvented by parallel computational techniques with the message passing interface, which divides the calculations of the Green’s functions with respect to energy and wave vectors. To demonstrate the computational efficiency of the present code, we perform ab-initio electron transport calculations of Al(100-Si(100-Al(100 heterostructures, one of the most typical metal-semiconductor-metal systems, and show their transmission spectra, density of states (DOSs, and dependence on the thickness of the Si layers.

  2. Stacking stability of MoS2 bilayer: An ab initio study

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tao Peng; Guo Huai-Hong; Yang Teng; Zhang Zhi-Dong

    2014-01-01

    The study of the stacking stability of bilayer MoS 2 is essential since a bilayer has exhibited advantages over single layer MoS 2 in many aspects for nanoelectronic applications. We explored the relative stability, optimal sliding path between different stacking orders of bilayer MoS 2 , and (especially) the effect of inter-layer stress, by combining first-principles density functional total energy calculations and the climbing-image nudge-elastic-band (CI-NEB) method. Among five typical stacking orders, which can be categorized into two kinds (I: AA, AB and II: AA', AB', A'B), we found that stacking orders with Mo and S superposing from both layers, such as AA' and AB, is more stable than the others. With smaller computational efforts than potential energy profile searching, we can study the effect of inter-layer stress on the stacking stability. Under isobaric condition, the sliding barrier increases by a few eV/(ucGPa) from AA' to AB', compared to 0.1 eV/(ucGPa) from AB to [AB]. Moreover, we found that interlayer compressive stress can help enhance the transport properties of AA'. This study can help understand why inter-layer stress by dielectric gating materials can be an effective means to improving MoS 2 on nanoelectronic applications. (condensed matter: structural, mechanical, and thermal properties)

  3. Spin orbit coupling for molecular ab initio density matrix renormalization group calculations: Application to g-tensors

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Roemelt, Michael, E-mail: michael.roemelt@theochem.rub.de [Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany and Max-Planck Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr (Germany)

    2015-07-28

    Spin Orbit Coupling (SOC) is introduced to molecular ab initio density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) calculations. In the presented scheme, one first approximates the electronic ground state and a number of excited states of the Born-Oppenheimer (BO) Hamiltonian with the aid of the DMRG algorithm. Owing to the spin-adaptation of the algorithm, the total spin S is a good quantum number for these states. After the non-relativistic DMRG calculation is finished, all magnetic sublevels of the calculated states are constructed explicitly, and the SOC operator is expanded in the resulting basis. To this end, spin orbit coupled energies and wavefunctions are obtained as eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the full Hamiltonian matrix which is composed of the SOC operator matrix and the BO Hamiltonian matrix. This treatment corresponds to a quasi-degenerate perturbation theory approach and can be regarded as the molecular equivalent to atomic Russell-Saunders coupling. For the evaluation of SOC matrix elements, the full Breit-Pauli SOC Hamiltonian is approximated by the widely used spin-orbit mean field operator. This operator allows for an efficient use of the second quantized triplet replacement operators that are readily generated during the non-relativistic DMRG algorithm, together with the Wigner-Eckart theorem. With a set of spin-orbit coupled wavefunctions at hand, the molecular g-tensors are calculated following the scheme proposed by Gerloch and McMeeking. It interprets the effective molecular g-values as the slope of the energy difference between the lowest Kramers pair with respect to the strength of the applied magnetic field. Test calculations on a chemically relevant Mo complex demonstrate the capabilities of the presented method.

  4. The elastic and thermodynamic properties of ZrMo2 from first principles calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Liu, Xian-Kun; Zhou, Wei; Zheng, Zhou; Peng, Shu-Ming

    2014-01-01

    Highlights: • Elastic and thermodynamic properties of ZrMo 2 under high temperature and pressure are calculated by first principles. • Mechanical stability is testified from elastic constants at zero pressure. • Phonon scattering of ZrMo 2 under different temperature are obtained. - Abstract: The elastic and thermodynamic properties of ZrMo 2 under high temperature and pressure are investigated by first-principles calculations based on pseudopotential plane-wave density functional theory (DFT) within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and quasi-harmonic Debye model. The calculated lattice parameters are in good agreement with the available experimental data. The calculated elastic constants of ZrMo 2 increase monotonically with increasing pressure, and the relationship between the elastic constants and pressure show that ZrMo 2 satisfies the mechanical stability criteria under applied pressure (0–65 GPa). The related mechanical properties such as bulk modulus (B), shear modulus (G), Young’s modulus (E), and Poisson’s ratio (v) are also studied for polycrystalline of ZrMo 2 . The calculated B/G value shows that ZrMo 2 behaves in a ductile manner, and higher pressure can significantly improve the ductility of ZrMo 2 . The pressure and temperature dependencies of the relative volume, the bulk modulus, the elastic constants, the heat capacity and the thermal expansion coefficient, as well as the Grüneisen parameters are obtained and discussed by the quasi-harmonic Debye model in the ranges of 0–1800 K and 0–65 GPa

  5. Routine calculation of ab initio melting curves: application to aluminum

    OpenAIRE

    Robert, Grégory; Legrand, Philippe; Arnault, Philippe; Desbiens, Nicolas; Clérouin, Jean

    2014-01-01

    We present a simple, fast, and reliable method to compute the melting curves of materials with ab initio molecular dynamics. It is based on the two-phase thermodynamic model of [Lin et al., J. Chem. Phys. 119, 11792 (2003)] and its improved version given by [Desjarlais, Phys. Rev. E, 88, 062145 (2013)]. In this model, the velocity autocorrelation function is utilized to calculate the contribution of the nuclei motion to the entropy of the solid and liquid phases. It is then possible to find t...

  6. Magnetic properties of vanadium doped CdTe: Ab initio calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Goumrhar, F. [Laboratory of Physics of High Energy, Modeling & Simulations (LPHE-MS), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Av. Ibn Batouta, B.P. 1014 Rabat (Morocco); Bahmad, L., E-mail: bahmad@fsr.ac.ma [Laboratory of Magnetism and High Energy Physics (LMPHE-URAC12), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Av. Ibn Batouta, B.P. 1014 Rabat (Morocco); Mounkachi, O. [Material and Nanomaterial Center, MAScIR Fondation, Rabat (Morocco); Benyoussef, A. [Laboratory of Magnetism and High Energy Physics (LMPHE-URAC12), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Av. Ibn Batouta, B.P. 1014 Rabat (Morocco); Material and Nanomaterial Center, MAScIR Fondation, Rabat (Morocco); Hassan II Academy of Sciences and Technology, Rabat (Morocco)

    2017-04-15

    In this paper, we are applying the ab initio calculations to study the magnetic properties of vanadium doped CdTe. This study is based on the Korringa–Kohn–Rostoker method (KKR) combined with the coherent potential approximation (CPA), within the local density approximation (LDA). This method is called KKR-CPA-LDA. We have calculated and plotted the density of states (DOS) in the energy diagram for different concentrations of dopants. We have also investigated the magnetic and half-metallic properties of this compound and shown the mechanism of exchange interaction. Moreover, we have estimated the Curie temperature T{sub c} for different concentrations. Finally, we have shown how the crystal field and the exchange splittings vary as a function of the concentrations.

  7. Efficacy of the SU(3) scheme for ab initio large-scale calculations beyond the lightest nuclei

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Dytrych, T. [Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (ASCR), Prague (Czech Republic); Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA (United States); Maris, Pieter [Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States); Launey, K. D. [Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA (United States); Draayer, J. P. [Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA (United States); Vary, James [Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States); Langr, D. [Czech Technical Univ., Prague (Czech Republic); Aerospace Research and Test Establishment, Prague (Czech Republic); Saule, E. [Univ. of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC (United States); Caprio, M. A. [Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States); Catalyurek, U. [The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering; Sosonkina, M. [Old Dominion Univ., Norfolk, VA (United States)

    2016-06-09

    We report on the computational characteristics of ab initio nuclear structure calculations in a symmetry-adapted no-core shell model (SA-NCSM) framework. We examine the computational complexity of the current implementation of the SA-NCSM approach, dubbed LSU3shell, by analyzing ab initio results for 6Li and 12C in large harmonic oscillator model spaces and SU(3)-selected subspaces. We demonstrate LSU3shell's strong-scaling properties achieved with highly-parallel methods for computing the many-body matrix elements. Results compare favorably with complete model space calculations and signi cant memory savings are achieved in physically important applications. In particular, a well-chosen symmetry-adapted basis a ords memory savings in calculations of states with a fixed total angular momentum in large model spaces while exactly preserving translational invariance.

  8. Ab-initio calculation of quasi-particle bandstructure, exciton binding energies and dielectric properties of polythiophene

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    van der Horst, J.W.; Bobbert, P.A.; Bobbert, Peter A.; Michels, M.A.J.; Brocks, G.; Kelly, Paul J.

    1999-01-01

    We use the ab-initio many-body GW method to calculate the quasi-particle spectrum of polythiophene. For the isolated chain, we find a large increase of the gap compared to DFT-LDA calculations (1.2 eV). The result (4.1 eV) exceeds experimental values, due to the absence of long-range screening in

  9. First-principles comparison of the cubic and tetragonal phases of Mo3Sb7

    KAUST Repository

    Nazir, Safdar; Auluck, Sushil V.; Pulikkotil, Jiji Thomas Joseph; Singh, Nirpendra; Schwingenschlö gl, Udo

    2011-01-01

    Using ab initio density functional based methods, we study the normal metal state properties of the ∼3 K Mo3Sb7 superconductor, in its high temperature cubic and low temperature tetragonal structures. Although the density of states at the Fermi energy is reasonably high in both structures, our calculations unequivocally show that there exists no long range magnetic ordering in this system. We also address the optical properties of the compound. The magnetism in Mo3Sb7 is studied by fixed spin moment calculations, which yield a shallow non-magnetic minimum, thus inferring propensity to a magnetic instability. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  10. First-principles comparison of the cubic and tetragonal phases of Mo3Sb7

    KAUST Repository

    Nazir, Safdar

    2011-03-01

    Using ab initio density functional based methods, we study the normal metal state properties of the ∼3 K Mo3Sb7 superconductor, in its high temperature cubic and low temperature tetragonal structures. Although the density of states at the Fermi energy is reasonably high in both structures, our calculations unequivocally show that there exists no long range magnetic ordering in this system. We also address the optical properties of the compound. The magnetism in Mo3Sb7 is studied by fixed spin moment calculations, which yield a shallow non-magnetic minimum, thus inferring propensity to a magnetic instability. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  11. Hydrogen atom injection into carbon surfaces by comparison between Monte-Carlo, molecular dynamics and ab-initio calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ito, A.; Kenmotsu, T.; Kikuhara, Y.; Inai, K.; Ohya, K.; Wang, Y.; Irle, S.; Morokuma, K.; Nakamura, H.

    2009-01-01

    Full text: To understand the plasma-wall interaction on divertor plates, we investigate the interaction of hydrogen atoms and carbon materials used in the high heat flux components by the use of the following simulations. Monte-Carlo (MC) method based on binary collision approximation can calculate the sputtering process of hydrogen atoms on the carbon material quickly. Classical molecular dynamics (MD) method employs multi-body potential models and can treat realistic structures of crystal and molecule. The ab-initio method can calculate electron energy in quantum mechanics, which is regarded as realistic potential for atoms. In the present paper, the interaction of the hydrogen and the carbon material is investigated using the multi-scale (MC, MD and ab-initio) methods. The bombardment of hydrogen atoms onto the carbon material is simulated by the ACAT-code of the MC method, which cannot represent the structure of crystal, and the MD method using modified reactive empirical bond order (REBO) potential, which treats single crystal graphite and amorphous carbon. Consequently, we clarify that the sputtering yield and the reflection rate calculated by the ACAT-code agree with those on the amorphous carbon calculated by the MD. Moreover, there are many kinds of REBO potential for the MD. Adsorption, reflection and penetration rates between a hydrogen atom and a graphene surface are calculated by the MD simulations using the two kinds of potential model. For the incident energy of less than 1 eV, the MD simulation using the modified REBO potential, which is based on Brenner's REBO potential in 2002, shows that reflection is dominant, while the most popular Brenner's REBO potential in 1990 shows that adsorption is dominant. This reflection of the low energy injection is caused by a small potential barrier for the hydrogen atom in the modified REBO potential. The small potential barrier is confirmed by the ab-initio calculations, which are hybrid DFT (B3LYP/cc-pVDZ), ab-initio

  12. Role of interlayer coupling in ultra thin MoS2

    KAUST Repository

    Cheng, Yingchun

    2012-01-01

    The effects of interlayer coupling on the vibrational and electronic properties of ultra thin MoS 2 were studied by ab initio calculations. For smaller slab thickness, the interlayer distance is significantly elongated because of reduced interlayer coupling. This explains the anomalous thickness dependence of the lattice vibrations observed by Lee et al. (ACS Nano, 2010, 4, 2695). The absence of interlayer coupling in mono-layer MoS 2 induces a transition from direct to indirect band gap behaviour. Our results demonstrate a strong interplay between the intralayer chemical bonding and the interlayer van-der-Waals interaction. This journal is © 2012 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

  13. Study of wide band-gap crystal LiCaAlF6 by IR-reflection spectroscopy and ab initio calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Novikova, N.N.; Klimin, S.A.; Mavrin, B.N.

    2017-01-01

    Polarized IR-reflection spectra and results of ab initio calculations of vibrational and electronic properties of LiCaAlF6 single crystal are presented. It is shown that the crystal band gap is direct. Experimental and theoretical parameters are obtained for dipole-active and all phonons, respectively, including silent modes. Experimental IR-reflection and Raman spectra are well described in the frame of results obtained by ab initio calculations. The peculiarities are discussed concerning the structure of electronic bands, the interatomic interactions, the character of lattice vibrations, and the phonon dispersion.

  14. Ab initio calculations and experimental measurement of the deuterium quadrupole coupling constant in Na2PDO3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Trudeau, J.D.; Schwartz, J.L.; Farrar, T.C.

    1991-01-01

    The deuterium quadrupole coupling constant, χ D , in the PDO 3 2- anion has been measured in solution by NMR spin-lattice (T 1 ) relaxation time measurements and it has been calculated via ab initio methods. The experimental value of 94.7 ± 0.5 kHz is in excellent agreement with the ab initio value of 95.0 kHz. The activation energy for the ion reorientation is 2.23 ± 0.01 kJ mol -1

  15. Ab Initio Calculations of the Electronic Structures and Biological Functions of Protein Molecules

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zheng, Haoping

    2003-04-01

    The self-consistent cluster-embedding (SCCE) calculation method reduces the computational effort from M3 to about M1 (M is the number of atoms in the system) with unchanged calculation precision. So the ab initio, all-electron calculation of the electronic structure and biological function of protein molecule becomes a reality, which will promote new proteomics considerably. The calculated results of two real protein molecules, the trypsin inhibitor from the seeds of squash Cucurbita maxima (CMTI-I, 436 atoms) and the Ascaris trypsin inhibitor (912 atoms, two three-dimensional structures), are presented. The reactive sites of the inhibitors are determined and explained. The precision of structure determination of inhibitors are tested theoretically.

  16. Efficacy of the semiempirical sparkle model as compared to ECP ab-initio calculations for the prediction of ligand field parameters of europium (III) complexes

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Freire, Ricardo O.; Rocha, Gerd B.; Albuquerque, Rodrigo Q.; Simas, Alfredo M.

    2005-01-01

    The second version of the sparkle model for the calculation of lanthanide complexes (SMLC II) as well as ab-initio calculations (HF/STO-3G and HF/3-21G) have been used to calculate the geometries of a series of europium (III) complexes with different coordination numbers (CN=7, 8 and 9), ligating atoms (O and N) and ligands (mono, bi and polydentate). The so-called ligand field parameters, Bqk's, have been calculated from both SMLC II and ab-initio optimized structures and compared to the ones calculated from crystallographic data. The results show that the SMLC II model represents a significant improvement over the previous version (SMLC) and has given good results when compared to ab-initio methods, which demand a much higher computational effort. Indeed, ab-initio methods take around a hundred times more computing time than SMLC. As such, our results indicate that our sparkle model can be a very useful and a fast tool when applied to the prediction of both ground state geometries and ligand field parameters of europium (III) complexes

  17. Raman Spectroscopy and Ab-Initio Model Calculations on Ionic Liquids:Invited Review

    OpenAIRE

    Berg, Rolf W.

    2007-01-01

    A review of the recent developments in the study and understanding of room temperature ionic liquids are given. An intimate picture of how and why these liquids are not crystals at ambient conditions is attempted, based on evidence from crystallographical results combined with vibrational spectroscopy and ab-initio molecular orbital calculations. A discussion is given, based mainly on some recent FT-Raman spectroscopic results on the model ionic liquid system of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium ([...

  18. Ab-initio calculations of Co-based diluted magnetic semiconductors Cd 1-xCoxX (X=S, Se, Te)

    KAUST Repository

    Saeed, Yasir; Nazir, Safdar; Shaukat, Ali; Reshak, A. H.

    2010-01-01

    Ab-initio calculations are performed to investigate the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of spin-polarized diluted magnetic semiconductors composed of IIVI compounds Cd1-xCoxX (X=S, Se, Te) at x=0.25. From the calculated results

  19. A program system for ab initio MO calculations on vector and parallel processing machines. Pt. 3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wiest, R.; Demuynck, J.; Benard, M.; Rohmer, M.M.; Ernenwein, R.

    1991-01-01

    This series of three papers presents a program system for ab initio molecular orbital calculations on vector and parallel computers. Part III is devoted to the four-index transformation on a molecular orbital basis of size NMO of the file of two-electorn integrals (pqparallelrs) generated by a contracted Gaussian set of size NATO (number of atomic orbitals). A fast Yoshimine algorithm first sorts the (pqparallelrs) integrals with respect to index pq only. This file of half-sorted integrals labelled by their rs-index can be processed without further modification to generate either the transformed integrals or the supermatrix elements. The large memory available on the CRAY-2 hase made possible to implement the transformation algorithm proposed by Bender in 1972, which requires a core-storage allocation varying as (NATO) 3 . Two versions of Bender's algorithm are included in the present program. The first version is an in-core version, where the complete file of accumulated contributions to transformed integrals in stored and updated in central memory. This version has been parallelized by distributing over a limited number of logical tasks the NATO steps corresponding to the scanning of the most external loop. The second version is an out-of-core version, in which twin files are alternatively used as input and output for the accumulated contributions to transformed integrals. This version is not parallel. The choice of one or another version and (for version 1) the determination of the number of tasks depends upon the balance between the available and the requested amounts of storage. The storage management and the choice of the proper version are carried out automatically using dynamic storage allocation. Both versions are vectorized and take advantage of the molecular symmetry. (orig.)

  20. The onset of ion solvation by ab initio calculations: Comparison of water and methanol

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Pluhařová, Eva; Jungwirth, Pavel

    2008-01-01

    Roč. 73, 6/7 (2008), s. 733-744 ISSN 0010-0765 R&D Projects: GA MŠk LC512; GA ČR GA203/07/1006 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z40550506 Keywords : ions * water cluster * methanol * ab initio calculations Subject RIV: CF - Physical ; Theoretical Chemistry Impact factor: 0.784, year: 2008

  1. Ab initio vel ex eventu

    Science.gov (United States)

    Thiessen, P. A.; Treder, H.-J.

    Der gegenwärtige Stand der physikalischen Erkenntnis, in Sonderheit die Atomistik und die Quantentheorie, ermöglicht (in wohldefinierten Energie-Bereichen) eine ab initio-Berechnung aller physikalischen und chemischen Prozesse und Strukturen. Die Schrödinger-Gleichung erlaubt zusammen mit den Prinzipien der Quantenstatistik (Pauli-Prinzip) aus dem Planckschen Wirkungsquantum h und den atomischen Konstanten die Berechnung aller Energieumsätze, Zeitabläufe etc., die insbesondere die chemische Physik bestimmen. Die Rechenresultate gelten auch quantitativ bis auf die unvermeidliche Stochastik.Die ab initio-Berechnungen korrespondieren einerseits und sind andererseits komplementär zu den auf den Methoden der theoretischen Chemie und der klassischen Thermodynamik beruhenden Ergebnissen ex eventu. Die theoretische Behandlung ab initio führt zu mathematischen Experimenten, die die Laboratoriums-Experimente ergänzen oder auch substituieren.Translated AbstractAb initio vel ex eventuThe present state of physical knowledge, in peculiar atomistic and quantum theory, makes an ab initio calculation of all physical and chemical processes and structures possible (in well defined reaches of energy). The Schrödinger equation together with the principles of quantum statistics (Pauli principle) permits from the Planck and atomistic constants to calculate all exchanges of energy, courses of time, etc. which govern chemical physics. The calculated results are valid even quantitatively apart from the unavoidable stochastics.These ab initio calculations on the one hand correspond and are on the other complimentary to results ex eventu based on the methods of theoretical chemistry and classical thermodynamics. Theoretical treatment ab initio leads to mathematical experiments which add to or even substitute experiments in the laboratory.

  2. Spin-orbit interaction effects in zincblende semiconductors: Ab initio pseudopotential calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Li, Ming-Fu; Surh, M.P.; Louie, S.G.

    1988-06-01

    Ab initio band structure calculations have been performed for the spin-orbit interaction effects at the top of the valence bands for GaAs and InSb. Relativistic, norm-conserving pseudopotentials are used with no correction made for the gaps from the local density approximation. The spin-orbit splitting at Γ and linear terms in the /rvec char/k dependence of the splitting are found to be in excellent agreement with existing experiments and previous theoretical results. The effective mass and the cubic splitting terms are also examined. 6 refs., 1 fig., 2 tabs

  3. Raman spectroscopy, ab-initio model calculations, and conformational, equilibria in ionic liquids

    OpenAIRE

    Berg, Rolf W.

    2009-01-01

    A review of the recent developments in the study and understanding of room temperature ionic liquids are given. An intimate picture of how and why these liquids are not crystals at ambient conditions is attempted, based on evidence from crystallographical results combined with vibrational spectroscopy and ab-initio molecular orbital calculations. A discussion is given, based mainly on some recent FT- Raman spectroscopic results on the model ionic liquid system of 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium ...

  4. Repulsive energy and the Grueneisen parameter of alkali halides calculated on the basis of a quantum-statistical ab initio theory

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kucharczyk, M.; Olszewski, S.

    1982-01-01

    The Grueneisen parameter of alkali halides is calculated by an ab initio quantum-statistical method and then compared with the experimental data. The crystal model applied assumes the crystal ions to be compressible but impenetrable spheres. The ions are described with the aid of a modified Thomas-Fermi theory with exchange. At the next step it is possible to calculate the energy needed to transform the system of the non-interacting ions into the ionic system represented by the crystal lattice. This calculation allows for an ab initio estimate of the parameters entering the Born, or the Born-Mayer, repulsive part of the crystal energy. The parameters are then used in the calculation of the Grueneisen parameter and its dependence on the crystal compression. (author)

  5. Molecular structure and interactions of nucleic acid components in nanoparticles: ab initio calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rubin, Yu.V.; Belous, L.F.

    2012-01-01

    Self-associates of nucleic acid components (stacking trimers and tetramers of the base pairs of nucleic acids) and short fragments of nucleic acids are nanoparticles (linear sizes of these particles are more than 10 A). Modern quantum-mechanical methods and softwares allow one to perform ab initio calculations of the systems consisting of 150-200 atoms with enough large basis sets (for example, 6-31G * ). The aim of this work is to reveal the peculiarities of molecular and electronic structures, as well as the energy features of nanoparticles of nucleic acid components. We had carried out ab initio calculations of the molecular structure and interactions in the stacking dimer, trimer, and tetramer of nucleic base pairs and in the stacking (TpG)(ApC) dimer and (TpGpC) (ApCpG) trimer of nucleotides, which are small DNA fragments. The performed calculations of molecular structures of dimers and trimers of nucleotide pairs showed that the interplanar distance in the structures studied is equal to 3.2 A on average, and the helical angle in a trimer is approximately equal to 30 o : The distance between phosphor atoms in neighboring chains is 13.1 A. For dimers and trimers under study, we calculated the horizontal interaction energies. The analysis of interplanar distances and angles between nucleic bases and their pairs in the calculated short oligomers of nucleic acid base pairs (stacking dimer, trimer, and tetramer) has been carried out. Studies of interactions in the calculated short oligomers showed a considerable role of the cross interaction in the stabilization of the structures. The contribution of cross interactions to the horizontal interactions grows with the length of an oligomer. Nanoparticle components get electric charges in nanoparticles. Longwave low-intensity bands can appear in the electron spectra of nanoparticles.

  6. Theoretical study of hydration in Y2Mo3O12: Effects on structure and negative thermal expansion

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ming-Yi Wu

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available We report ab-initio calculations of water absorption in Y2Mo3O12. The absorption geometry of H2O in Y2Mo3O12 and the binding property between H2O and Y2Mo3O12 have been first identified. Our calculated results show that water is chemisorbed in Y2Mo3O12 with O of the water binding to the Y3+ cation, which is further strengthened by hydrogen bonding between each of the hydrogen atoms of H2O and the bridge O in Y2Mo3O12, shared by polyhedrons YO6 and MoO4. The absorption of water leads to a reduced angle of Y-O-Mo and shortened Y-Mo distance, and consequently volume contraction of the material, almost linearly with the increasing number of water molecules per unit cell, up to eight in total. In addition, our phonon calculation show that the transverse vibration of Y-O-Mo is restricted due to water absorption, which in turn hinders the NTE, as it is mainly originated from this vibrational mode. Our results clarify further the fundamental mechanisms of the large volume shrinkage and the lost NTE of the framework oxide due to water absorption.

  7. Ab initio theoretical calculations of the electronic excitation energies of small water clusters.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tachikawa, Hiroto; Yabushita, Akihiro; Kawasaki, Masahiro

    2011-12-14

    A direct ab initio molecular dynamics method has been applied to a water monomer and water clusters (H(2)O)(n) (n = 1-3) to elucidate the effects of zero-point energy (ZPE) vibration on the absorption spectra of water clusters. Static ab initio calculations without ZPE showed that the first electronic transitions of (H(2)O)(n), (1)B(1)←(1)A(1), are blue-shifted as a function of cluster size (n): 7.38 eV (n = 1), 7.58 eV (n = 2) and 8.01 eV (n = 3). The inclusion of the ZPE vibration strongly affects the excitation energies of a water dimer, and a long red-tail appears in the range of 6.42-6.90 eV due to the structural flexibility of a water dimer. The ultraviolet photodissociation of water clusters and water ice surfaces is relevant to these results.

  8. Efficient spin injection and giant magnetoresistance in Fe / MoS 2 / Fe junctions

    KAUST Repository

    Dolui, Kapildeb

    2014-07-02

    We demonstrate giant magnetoresistance in Fe/MoS2/Fe junctions by means of ab initio transport calculations. We show that junctions incorporating either a monolayer or a bilayer of MoS2 are metallic and that Fe acts as an efficient spin injector into MoS2 with an efficiency of about 45%. This is the result of the strong coupling between the Fe and S atoms at the interface. For junctions of greater thickness, a maximum magnetoresistance of ∼300% is obtained, which remains robust with the applied bias as long as transport is in the tunneling limit. A general recipe for improving the magnetoresistance in spin valves incorporating layered transition metal dichalcogenides is proposed. © 2014 American Physical Society.

  9. Realization of prediction of materials properties by ab initio ...

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Unknown

    alization of the results of ab initio molecular dynamics simulation on atom insertion process to C60 and to carbon nanotube ... micro-clusters to estimate absolute highest occupied mo- .... To analyse the observed properties theoretically,.

  10. Ab initio calculation of the shear viscosity of neon in the liquid and hypercritical state over a wide pressure and temperature range

    Science.gov (United States)

    Eggenberger, Rolf; Gerber, Stefan; Huber, Hanspeter; Searles, Debra; Welker, Marc

    1992-08-01

    The shear viscosity is calculated ab initio for the liquid and hypercritical state, i.e. a previously published potential for Ne 2, obtained from ab initio calculations including electron correlation, is used in classical equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations to obtain the shear viscosity from a Green-Kubo integral. The quality of the results is quite uniform over a large pressure range up to 1000 MPa and a wide temperature range from 26 to 600 K. In most cases the calculated shear viscosity deviates by less than 10% from the experimental value, in general the error being only a few percent.

  11. Ab initio calculation of intermolecular potentials for dimer Cl_2-Cl_2 and prediction of second virial coefficients

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nguyen Thanh Duoc; Nguyen Thi Ai Nhung; Tran Duong; Pham Van Tat

    2015-01-01

    The results presented in this paper are the ab initio intermolecular potentials and the second virial coefficient, B_2 (T) of the dimer Cl_2-Cl_2. These ab initio potentials were proposed by the quantum chemical calculations at high level of theory CCSD(T) with basis sets of Dunning valence correlation-consistent aug-cc-pVmZ (m = 2, 3); these results were extrapolated to complete basis set limit aug-cc-pV23Z. The ab initio energies of complete basis set limit aug-cc-pV23Z resulted from the exponential extrapolation were used to construct the 5-site pair potential functions. The second virial coefficients for this dimer were predicted from those with four-dimensional integration. The second virial coefficients were also corrected to first-order quantum effects. The results turn out to be in good agreement with experimental data, if available, or with those from empirical correlation. The quality of ab initio 5-site potentials proved the reliability for prediction of molecular thermodynamic properties. (author)

  12. Ab initio CASSCF study of the electronic structure of the transition-metal alkylidene-like complexes Mo-M[prime]H[sub 2] (M[prime] = C, Si, Ge, and Sn)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Marquez, A.; Sanz, J.F. (Universidad de Sevilla (Spain))

    1992-12-02

    Experimental and theoretical research on the electronic and geometric structure of transition-metal-carbenes and -alkylidenes is an active area in chemistry nowadays due to their potential activity in catalysis and in organic and organometallic synthesis. A theoretical investigation of the electronic structure of the high-valent, transition-metal, alkylidene-like complexes MoM[prime]H[sub 2] (M[prime] = C, Si, Ge, and Sn) is reported. Based on ab initio calculations carried out at the complete active space multiconfiguration self-consistent field (CASSCF) level, the molecular structure of the ground state and some low-lying excited states have been determined. For M[prime] = C, Si, and Ge, the ground state has C[sub 2v] symmetry (state [sup 5]B[sub 1]) and corresponds to pairing each electron of the M[prime]H[sub 2] triplet [sup 3]B[sub 1] with an electron of Mo ([sup 7]S). In the case of MoSnH[sub 2], the lowest state is bent (C[sub s] symmetry, state [sup 7]A[prime]), the out-of-plane angle being 68[degrees], and dissociates into SnH[sub 2] ([sup 1]A[sub 1]) + Mo ([sup 7]S). Dissociation energies, potential energy profiles for the dissociation, harmonic force constants in terms of internal symmetry coordinates, and vibrational frequencies are reported. The comparison of these properties with those of their pentacarbonylated homologous (CO)[sub 5]M[double bond]M[prime]H[sub 2] shows that the carbene-like (Fischer) type of complexation is stronger than the alkylidene-like one (Schrock). 28 refs., 4 figs., 6 tabs.

  13. Electronic and thermoelectric properties of InN studied using ab initio density functional theory and Boltzmann transport calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Borges, P. D., E-mail: pdborges@gmail.com, E-mail: lscolfaro@txstate.edu; Scolfaro, L., E-mail: pdborges@gmail.com, E-mail: lscolfaro@txstate.edu [Department of Physics, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666 (United States)

    2014-12-14

    The thermoelectric properties of indium nitride in the most stable wurtzite phase (w-InN) as a function of electron and hole concentrations and temperature were studied by solving the semiclassical Boltzmann transport equations in conjunction with ab initio electronic structure calculations, within Density Functional Theory. Based on maximally localized Wannier function basis set and the ab initio band energies, results for the Seebeck coefficient are presented and compared with available experimental data for n-type as well as p-type systems. Also, theoretical results for electric conductivity and power factor are presented. Most cases showed good agreement between the calculated properties and experimental data for w-InN unintentionally and p-type doped with magnesium. Our predictions for temperature and concentration dependences of electrical conductivity and power factor revealed a promising use of InN for intermediate and high temperature thermoelectric applications. The rigid band approach and constant scattering time approximation were utilized in the calculations.

  14. Ab initio effective core potentials for molecular calculations. Potentials for the transition metal atoms Sc to Hg

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hay, P.J.; Wadt, W.R.

    1985-01-01

    Ab initio effective core potentials (ECP's) have been generated to replace the Coulomb, exchange, and core-orthogonality effects of the chemically inert core electron in the transition metal atoms Sc to Hg. For the second and third transition series relative ECP's have been generated which also incorporate the mass--velocity and Darwin relativistic effects into the potential. The ab initio ECP's should facilitate valence electron calculations on molecules containing transition-metal atoms with accuracies approaching all-electron calculations at a fraction of the computational cost. Analytic fits to the potentials are presented for use in multicenter integral evaluation. Gaussian orbital valence basis sets are developed for the (3d,4s,4p), (4d,5s,5p), and (5d,6s,6p) orbitals of the first, second, and third transition series atoms, respectively. All-electron and valence-electron atomic excitation energies are also compared for the low-lying states of Sc--Hg, and the valence-electron calculations are found to reproduce the all-electron excitation energies (typically within a few tenths of an eV)

  15. Mechanical Calculations on U-Mo Dispersion fuel plates with MAIA

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Marelle, V.; Huet, F.; Lemoine, P.

    2005-01-01

    CEA has developed a 2D thermo-mechanical code, called MAIA, for modelling the behaviour of U-Mo dispersion fuel. MAIA uses a finite element method for the resolution of the thermal and mechanical problems. Physical models, issued of the DOE-ANL code PLATE, evaluate the fission products swelling and the volume fraction of the interaction between U-Mo and Al. They allow establishing strains in the meat imposed as loading for the mechanical calculation. MAIA has been validated on the irradiations IRIS 1 and RERTR-3 and a rather good agreement is obtained with post irradiation examinations. MAIA is used to calculate the last irradiation of the French UMo group, IRIS 2. MAIA predicts a maximum temperature of 112 deg. C and meat swelling of 16%. Mechanical calculations are finally performed to evaluate the sensitivity to some mechanical hypotheses such as constitutive laws and the way the meat swelling is applied. (author)

  16. Elastic and thermo-physical properties of TiC, TiN, and their intermediate composition alloys using ab initio calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kim, Jiwoong; Kang, Shinhoo

    2012-01-01

    Highlights: ► Elastic properties of TiC, TiN and their alloys were calculated by ab initio calculations. ► Debye temperature and Gruneisen constant of TiC, TiN and their alloys were calculated as a function of nitrogen content. ► Thermo-physical properties were calculated as a function of nitrogen content. ► Thermal expansion of the alloys was fitted in different temperature range. - Abstract: The equilibrium lattice parameters, elastic properties, material brittleness, heat capacities, and thermal expansion coefficients of TiC, TiN, and their intermediate composition alloys (Ti(C 1−x N x ), x = 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75) were calculated using ab initio density functional theory (DFT) methods. We employed the Debye–Gruneisen model to calculate a finite temperature heat capacity and thermal expansion coefficient. The calculated elastic moduli and thermal expansion coefficients agreed well with the experimental data and with other DFT calculations. Accurate heat capacities of TiC, TiN, and their intermediate composition alloys were obtained by calculating not only the phonon contributions but also the electron contributions to the heat capacity. Our calculations indicated that the heat capacity differences between each composition originated mainly from the electronic contributions.

  17. A computer calculation of the ternary Mo-Pd-Rh phase diagram

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Guerler, R.; Pratt, J.N.

    1993-01-01

    Thermodynamic coefficients for the phases in the binary Mo-Pd, Pd-Rh and Mo-Rh systems were derived by the assessment of the available experimental data using the binary Lukas optimization program. The resulting coefficients were first successfully utilised in reestablishing the binaries. The coefficients thus obtained in the binary computation were combined with ternary descriptions to compute ternary isothermal sections. Although no ternary interaction term was involved in the construction of the isotherms, the section calculated at 1373 K is found to be consistent with the experimentally established isothermal section at the same temperature. The location of three-phase field (bcc+hcp+fcc) and phase boundaries in both isotherms are matching reasonably well. Combining only binary coefficients of these phases, it is possible to construct reasonable isothermal sections at different temperatures. Following this conclusion, isothermal sections ranging from 1373 to 2673 K of the ternary Mo-Pd-Rh system were calculated. (orig.)

  18. Atomic defects in monolayer WSe2 tunneling FETs studied by systematic ab initio calculations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wu, Jixuan; Fan, Zhiqiang; Chen, Jiezhi; Jiang, Xiangwei

    2018-05-01

    Atomic defects in monolayer WSe2 tunneling FETs (TFETs) are studied through systematic ab initio calculations aiming at performance predictions and enhancements. The effects of various defect positions and different passivation atoms are characterized in WSe2 TFETs by rigorous ab initio quantum transport simulations. It is suggested that the Se vacancy (VSe) defect located in the gate-controlled channel region tends to increase the OFF current (I off), whereas it can be well suppressed by oxygen passivation. It is demonstrated that chlorine (Cl) passivation at the source-side tunneling region can largely suppress I off, leading to an impressively improved on–off ratio (I on/I off) compared with that without any defect. However, it is also observed that randomly positioned atomic defects tend to induce significant fluctuation of the TFET output. Further discussions are made with focus on the performance-variability trade-off for robust circuit design.

  19. Mechanisms for catalytic carbon nanofiber growth studied by ab initio density functional theory calculations

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Abild-Pedersen, Frank; Nørskov, Jens Kehlet; Rostrup-Nielsen, Jens

    2006-01-01

    Mechanisms and energetics of graphene growth catalyzed by nickel nanoclusters were studied using ab initio density functional theory calculations. It is demonstrated that nickel step-edge sites act as the preferential growth centers for graphene layers on the nickel surface. Carbon is transported......, and it is argued how these processes may lead to different nanofiber structures. The proposed growth model is found to be in good agreement with previous findings....

  20. Ab initio electronic band structure calculation of InP in the wurtzite phase

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dacal, Luis C. O.; Cantarero, Andrés

    2011-05-01

    We present ab initio calculations of the InP band structure in the wurtzite phase and compare it with that of the zincblende phase. In both calculations, we use the full potential linearized augmented plane wave method as implemented in the WIEN2k code and the modified Becke-Johnson exchange potential, which provides an improved value of the bandgap. The structural optimization of the wurtizte InP gives a=0.4150 nm, c=0.6912 nm, and an internal parameter u=0.371, showing the existence of a spontaneous polarization along the growth axis. As compared to the ideal wurtzite structure (that with the lattice parameter derived from the zincblende structure calculations), the actual wurtzite structure is compressed (-1.3%) in plane and expanded (0.7%) along the c-direction. The value of the calculated band gaps agrees well with recent optical experiments. The calculations are also consistent with the optical transitions found using polarized light.

  1. Theoretical studies of H2--H2 collisions. IV. Ab initio calculations of anisotropic transport phenomena in para-hydrogen gas

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Koehler, W.E.; Schaefer, J.

    1983-01-01

    The temperature dependence of the effective Waldmann--Snider cross sections determining the Senftleben--Beenakker effects of viscosity and heat conductivity has been studied for pH 2 gas between 10 and 200 K. From ab initio nonspherical potentials of H 2 --H 2 , scattering matrices have been determined in close-coupling calculations. From these, the elements of the scattering amplitude matrix have been obtained and used as input quantities for the evaluation of the various Waldmann--Snider collision integrals. The results of these first ab initio numerical calculations of anisotropic transport coefficients show excellent agreement of calculated and measured effective cross sections, especially for the most recent improved version of the interaction potential. In addition, it has been shown that the polarization production cross sections are quite sensitive to the potential anisotropy

  2. The accuracy of ab initio calculations without ab initio calculations for charged systems: Kriging predictions of atomistic properties for ions in aqueous solutions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Di Pasquale, Nicodemo; Davie, Stuart J.; Popelier, Paul L. A.

    2018-06-01

    Using the machine learning method kriging, we predict the energies of atoms in ion-water clusters, consisting of either Cl- or Na+ surrounded by a number of water molecules (i.e., without Na+Cl- interaction). These atomic energies are calculated following the topological energy partitioning method called Interacting Quantum Atoms (IQAs). Kriging predicts atomic properties (in this case IQA energies) by a model that has been trained over a small set of geometries with known property values. The results presented here are part of the development of an advanced type of force field, called FFLUX, which offers quantum mechanical information to molecular dynamics simulations without the limiting computational cost of ab initio calculations. The results reported for the prediction of the IQA components of the energy in the test set exhibit an accuracy of a few kJ/mol, corresponding to an average error of less than 5%, even when a large cluster of water molecules surrounding an ion is considered. Ions represent an important chemical system and this work shows that they can be correctly taken into account in the framework of the FFLUX force field.

  3. Collective rotation from ab initio theory

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Caprio, M.A.; Maris, P.; Vary, J.P.; Smith, R.

    2015-01-01

    Through ab initio approaches in nuclear theory, we may now seek to quantitatively understand the wealth of nuclear collective phenomena starting from the underlying internucleon interactions. No-core configuration interaction (NCCI) calculations for p-shell nuclei give rise to rotational bands, as evidenced by rotational patterns for excitation energies, electromagnetic moments and electromagnetic transitions. In this review, NCCI calculations of 7–9 Be are used to illustrate and explore ab initio rotational structure, and the resulting predictions for rotational band properties are compared with experiment. We highlight the robustness of ab initio rotational predictions across different choices for the internucleon interaction. (author)

  4. The role of ab initio electronic structure calculations in studies of the strength of materials

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sob, M.; Friak, M.; Legut, D.; Fiala, J.; Vitek, V.

    2004-01-01

    In this paper we give an account of applications of quantum-mechanical (first-principles) electronic structure calculations to the problem of theoretical tensile strength in metals and intermetallics. First, we review previous as well as ongoing research on this subject. We then describe briefly the electronic structure calculational methods and simulation of the tensile test. This approach is then illustrated by calculations of theoretical tensile strength in iron and in the intermetallic compound Ni 3 Al. The anisotropy of calculated tensile strength is explained in terms of higher-symmetry structures encountered along the deformation paths studied. The table summarizing values of theoretical tensile strengths calculated up to now is presented and the role of ab initio electronic structure calculations in contemporary studies of the strength of material is discussed

  5. Electronic structure and transport properties of zigzag MoS2 nanoribbons

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sharma, Uma Shankar; Shah, Rashmi; Mishra, Pankaj Kumar

    2018-05-01

    In present study, electronic and transport properties of the 8zigzag MoS2 nanoribbons (8ZMoS2NRs) are investigated using ab-initio density functional theory [DFT]. The calculations were performed using nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) formalism based on DFT as implemented in the TranSiesta code. Results show that the defect can introduces few extra states into the energy gap, which lead nanoribbons to reveal a metallic characteristic. The voltage-current (VI) graph of 8ZMoS2NRs show a threshold current increases after introducing Mo defect in the devices. when introducing a Mo vacancy under low biases, the current will be suppressed—whereas under high biases, the current through the defected 8ZMoS2NRs will increases rapidly, due to the other channel being opened, that make possibility of 8ZMoS2NRs application in electronic devices such as voltage regulation.

  6. Half-metallic ferromagnetism prediction in MoS2-based two-dimensional superlattice from first-principles

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wen, Yan-Ni; Gao, Peng-Fei; Xia, Ming-Gang; Zhang, Sheng-Li

    2018-03-01

    Half-metallic ferromagnetism (HMFM) has great potential application in spin filter. However, it is extremely rare, especially in two-dimensional (2D) materials. At present, 2D materials have drawn international interest in spintronic devices. Here, we use ab initio density functional theory (DFT) calculations to study the structural stability and electrical and magnetic properties of the MoS2-based 2D superlattice formed by inserting graphene hexagonal ring in 6 × 6 × 1 MoS2 supercell. Two kinds of structures with hexagonal carbon ring were predicted with structural stability and were shown HMFM. The two structures combine the spin transport capacity of graphene with the magnetism of the defective 2D MoS2. And they have strong covalent bonding between the C and S or Mo atoms near the interface. This work is very useful to help us to design reasonable MoS2-based spin filter.

  7. Introducing DInaMo: A Package for Calculating Protein Circular Dichroism Using Classical Electromagnetic Theory

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Igor V. Uporov

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available The dipole interaction model is a classical electromagnetic theory for calculating circular dichroism (CD resulting from the π-π* transitions of amides. The theoretical model, pioneered by J. Applequist, is assembled into a package, DInaMo, written in Fortran allowing for treatment of proteins. DInaMo reads Protein Data Bank formatted files of structures generated by molecular mechanics or reconstructed secondary structures. Crystal structures cannot be used directly with DInaMo; they either need to be rebuilt with idealized bond angles and lengths, or they need to be energy minimized to adjust bond lengths and bond angles because it is common for crystal structure geometries to have slightly short bond lengths, and DInaMo is sensitive to this. DInaMo reduces all the amide chromophores to points with anisotropic polarizability and all nonchromophoric aliphatic atoms including hydrogens to points with isotropic polarizability; all other atoms are ignored. By determining the interactions among the chromophoric and nonchromophoric parts of the molecule using empirically derived polarizabilities, the rotational and dipole strengths are determined leading to the calculation of CD. Furthermore, ignoring hydrogens bound to methyl groups is initially explored and proves to be a good approximation. Theoretical calculations on 24 proteins agree with experiment showing bands with similar morphology and maxima.

  8. Hydrogen interaction with ferrite/cementite interface: ab initio calculations and thermodynamics

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mirzoev, A. A.; Verkhovykh, A. V.; Okishev, K. Yu.; Mirzaev, D. A.

    2018-02-01

    The paper presents the results of ab initio modelling of the interaction of hydrogen atoms with ferrite/cementite interfaces in steels and thermodynamic assessment of the ability of interfaces to trap hydrogen atoms. Modelling was performed using the density functional theory with generalised gradient approximation (GGA'96), as implemented in WIEN2k package. An Isaichev-type orientation relationship between the two phases was accepted, with a habit plane (101)c ∥ (112)α. The supercell contained 64 atoms (56 Fe and 8 C). The calculated formation energies of ferrite/cementite interface were 0.594 J/m2. The calculated trapping energy at cementite interstitial was 0.18 eV, and at the ferrite/cementite interface - 0.30 eV. Considering calculated zero-point energy, the trapping energies at cementite interstitial and ferrite/cementite interface become 0.26 eV and 0.39 eV, respectively. The values are close to other researchers' data. These results were used to construct a thermodynamic description of ferrite/cementite interface-hydrogen interaction. Absorption calculations using the obtained trapping energy values showed that even thin lamellar ferrite/cementite mixture with an interlamellar spacing smaller than 0.1 μm has noticeable hydrogen trapping ability at a temperature below 400 K.

  9. Ab Initio Nuclear Structure and Reaction Calculations for Rare Isotopes

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Draayer, Jerry P. [Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA (United States)

    2014-09-28

    We have developed a novel ab initio symmetry-adapted no-core shell model (SA-NCSM), which has opened the intermediate-mass region for ab initio investigations, thereby providing an opportunity for first-principle symmetry-guided applications to nuclear structure and reactions for nuclear isotopes from the lightest p-shell systems to intermediate-mass nuclei. This includes short-lived proton-rich nuclei on the path of X-ray burst nucleosynthesis and rare neutron-rich isotopes to be produced by the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB). We have provided ab initio descriptions of high accuracy for low-lying (including collectivity-driven) states of isotopes of Li, He, Be, C, O, Ne, Mg, Al, and Si, and studied related strong- and weak-interaction driven reactions that are important, in astrophysics, for further understanding stellar evolution, X-ray bursts and triggering of s, p, and rp processes, and in applied physics, for electron and neutrino-nucleus scattering experiments as well as for fusion ignition at the National Ignition Facility (NIF).

  10. Ab Initio Nuclear Structure and Reaction Calculations for Rare Isotopes

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Draayer, Jerry P.

    2014-01-01

    We have developed a novel ab initio symmetry-adapted no-core shell model (SA-NCSM), which has opened the intermediate-mass region for ab initio investigations, thereby providing an opportunity for first-principle symmetry-guided applications to nuclear structure and reactions for nuclear isotopes from the lightest p-shell systems to intermediate-mass nuclei. This includes short-lived proton-rich nuclei on the path of X-ray burst nucleosynthesis and rare neutron-rich isotopes to be produced by the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB). We have provided ab initio descriptions of high accuracy for low-lying (including collectivity-driven) states of isotopes of Li, He, Be, C, O, Ne, Mg, Al, and Si, and studied related strong- and weak-interaction driven reactions that are important, in astrophysics, for further understanding stellar evolution, X-ray bursts and triggering of s, p, and rp processes, and in applied physics, for electron and neutrino-nucleus scattering experiments as well as for fusion ignition at the National Ignition Facility (NIF).

  11. Ab-initio study of superconducting state in intercalated MoSe2 and WSe2 bilayers

    Science.gov (United States)

    Szcześniak, R.; Durajski, A. P.; Jarosik, M. W.

    2018-05-01

    A two-dimensional systems have attracted significant interest due to their outstanding physical, chemical and optoelectronic properties. This paper focuses on the detailed investigations of the electronic, phononic and superconducting properties of transition-metal dichalcogenide bilayers MSe 2 (M = Mo, W) intercalated by calcium atoms. The first-principles calculations show that (MoSe2)2Ca and (WSe2)2Ca systems exhibit metallic behavior and weak phonon-mediated superconductivity with low critical temperature of 0.51 and 0.30 K, respectively. These results confirm other theoretical predictions and suggest that the investigated materials cannot be a good candidates for a nanoscale superconductors.

  12. Half-metallic behavior and electronic structure of Sr2CrMoO6 magnetic system

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bonilla, C.M.; Landinez Tellez, D.A.; Arbey Rodriguez, J.; Vera Lopez, E.; Roa-Rojas, J.

    2007-01-01

    Complex perovskite materials with the A 2 BB'O 6 formula have been recently studied because of their peculiar magnetic and electronic properties. The origin of magnetism in the double perovskite Sr 2 FeMoO 6 brought these properties again into discussion. Recently, a new interaction mechanism was proposed for cases in which the hybridization of 3d and 2p levels of Mo with the 3d Fe levels is responsible for the half-metallic behavior in the Sr 2 FeMoO 6 material. We report on LAPW ab initio calculations within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) to density functional theory (DFT) for another double perovskite, namely, Sr 2 CrMoO 6 . Our results show that this is also a half-metallic system. We correlate our results with an extension of the recent model proposed by Sarma to explain the conduction mechanism in this compound

  13. Ionization energies of aqueous nucleic acids: Photoelectron spectroscopy of pyridine nucleosides and ab initio calculations

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Slavíček, Petr; Winter, B.; Faubel, M.; Bradforth, S. E.; Jungwirth, Pavel

    2009-01-01

    Roč. 131, č. 18 (2009), s. 6460-6467 ISSN 0002-7863 R&D Projects: GA MŠk LC512; GA ČR GA203/08/0114 Grant - others:GA ČR(CZ) GP203/07/P449 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z40550506; CEZ:AV0Z40400503 Keywords : DNA bases * photoelectron spectroscopy * ab initio calculations Subject RIV: CF - Physical ; Theoretical Chemistry Impact factor: 8.580, year: 2009

  14. Investigation on electronic and magnetic properties of Mn2NiAl by ab initio calculations and Monte Carlo simulations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Masrour, R.; Jabar, A.; Hlil, E.K.; Hamedoun, M.; Benyoussef, A.; Hourmatallah, A.; Rezzouk, A.; Bouslykhane, K.; Benzakour, N.

    2017-01-01

    Self-consistent ab initio calculations, based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) approach and using Full potential Linear Augmented Plane Wave (FLAPW) method, are performed to investigate both electronic and magnetic properties of the Mn 2 NiAl. Magnetic moment considered to lie along (001) axes are computed. Obtained data from ab initio calculations are used as input for Monte Carlo simulations to compute other magnetic parameters. Also, the magnetic properties of Mn 2 NiAl are studied using the Monte Carlo simulations. The variation of magnetization and magnetic susceptibility with the reduced temperature of Mn 2 NiAl are investigated. The transition temperature of this system is deduced for different values exchange interaction and crystal field. The thermal total magnetization has been obtained, and the magnetic hysteresis cycle is established. The total magnetic moment is superior to those obtained by the other method and is mainly determined by the antiparallel aligned Mn I , Mn II and Ni spin moments. The superparamagnetic phase is found at the neighborhood of transition temperature. - Highlights: • Ab initio calculations are used to study magnetic and electronic properties of Mn 2 NiX. • The transition temperature of Mn 2 NiX is established. • The magnetic hysteresis cycle of M n2 NiX (X = Al, Ga, In, Sn) is deduced. • The magnetic coercive field of Mn 2 NiX (X = Al, Ga, In, Sn) is given.

  15. Simple calculation of ab initio melting curves: Application to aluminum.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Robert, Grégory; Legrand, Philippe; Arnault, Philippe; Desbiens, Nicolas; Clérouin, Jean

    2015-03-01

    We present a simple, fast, and promising method to compute the melting curves of materials with ab initio molecular dynamics. It is based on the two-phase thermodynamic model of Lin et al [J. Chem. Phys. 119, 11792 (2003)] and its improved version given by Desjarlais [Phys. Rev. E 88, 062145 (2013)]. In this model, the velocity autocorrelation function is utilized to calculate the contribution of the nuclei motion to the entropy of the solid and liquid phases. It is then possible to find the thermodynamic conditions of equal Gibbs free energy between these phases, defining the melting curve. The first benchmark on the face-centered cubic melting curve of aluminum from 0 to 300 GPa demonstrates how to obtain an accuracy of 5%-10%, comparable to the most sophisticated methods, for a much lower computational cost.

  16. Optical properties of Nb and Mo calculated from augmented-plane-wave band structures

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pickett, W.E.; Allen, P.B.

    1975-01-01

    Nonrelativistic band calculations of Mattheiss for Nb and Petroff and Viswanathan for Mo are used to calculate the imaginary part epsilon 2 of the dielectric function for these metals. The structure resulting from interband transitions in the frequency range 0.1--0.5 Ry is found to give fairly good agreement with experiment. The calculation indicates that structure in epsilon 2 can arise from transitions away from symmetry points and lines in the Brillouin zone. The difficulty in distinguishing between the direct and indirect transition models for epsilon 2 is shown to arise from a lack of strong optical critical points. Predictions of the rigid-band model for the optical properties of Nb-Mo alloys are presented

  17. An ab initio LAPW study of the α and β phases of bulk molybdenum trioxide, MoO3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sayede, A.D.; Amriou, T.; Pernisek, M.; Khelifa, B.; Mathieu, C.

    2005-01-01

    Structure and electronic properties of the α and β-MoO 3 , have been studied with periodic LAPW calculations. The structure and electronic properties of the α-MoO 3 are in quite agreement with experimental and previous theoretical results. The oxide is partially ionic and the symmetrically bridging oxygens exhibit more ionic feature while the terminal oxygens are more covalent. The lattice scaling of the β-MoO 3 give results in excellent agreement with the reported experimental pseudo-cubic results. It has been found from density of states (DOS) that β-MoO 3 is not fully ionic system and some covalent contributions are still appreciable. These covalent contributions to the bonding appear derisory compared to the covalent contributions of the α phase. The β-MoO 3 → α-MoO 3 transformation is explained by metal off-center displacement toward O 1 (and a little less toward O 2 ) centers which is stabilized by an increase in covalency between the Mo and oxygen atoms

  18. Ab initio quantum chemical calculation as a tool of evaluating diamagnetic susceptibility of magnetically levitating substances

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fujiwara, Y; Tanimoto, Y

    2009-01-01

    On magnetic force evaluation necessary for magnetically levitated diamagnetic substances, isotropic diamagnetic susceptibility estimation by the ab initio quantum chemical calculation using Gaussian03W was verified for more than 300 molecules in a viewpoint of the accuracy in the absolute value and the calculation level affording good cost performance. From comparison, the method of B3PW91 / 6-311+G(d,p) was found to give the adequate absolute value by the relation of (observed) = (1.03 ± 0.005) x (calculated) - (1.22 ± 0.60) x 10 -6 in a unit of cm 3 mol -1 and good cost performance.

  19. Ab initio quantum chemical calculation as a tool of evaluating diamagnetic susceptibility of magnetically levitating substances

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Fujiwara, Y [Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526 (Japan); Tanimoto, Y [Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Nishikiorikita, Tondabayashi 584-8540 (Japan)], E-mail: fuji0710@sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp

    2009-03-01

    On magnetic force evaluation necessary for magnetically levitated diamagnetic substances, isotropic diamagnetic susceptibility estimation by the ab initio quantum chemical calculation using Gaussian03W was verified for more than 300 molecules in a viewpoint of the accuracy in the absolute value and the calculation level affording good cost performance. From comparison, the method of B3PW91 / 6-311+G(d,p) was found to give the adequate absolute value by the relation of (observed) = (1.03 {+-} 0.005) x (calculated) - (1.22 {+-} 0.60) x 10{sup -6} in a unit of cm{sup 3} mol{sup -1} and good cost performance.

  20. (4)He Thermophysical Properties: New Ab Initio Calculations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hurly, John J; Mehl, James B

    2007-01-01

    Since 2000, atomic physicists have reduced the uncertainty of the helium-helium "ab initio" potential; for example, from approximately 0.6 % to 0.1 % at 4 bohr, and from 0.8 % to 0.1 % at 5.6 bohr. These results led us to: (1) construct a new inter-atomic potential ϕ 07, (2) recalculate values of the second virial coefficient, the viscosity, and the thermal conductivity of (4)He from 1 K to 10,000 K, and (3), analyze the uncertainties of the thermophysical properties that propagate from the uncertainty of ϕ 07 and from the Born-Oppenheimer approximation of the electron-nucleon quantum mechanical system. We correct minor errors in a previous publication [J. J. Hurly and M. R. Moldover, J. Res. Nat. Inst. Standards Technol. 105, 667 (2000)] and compare our results with selected data published after 2000. The ab initio results tabulated here can serve as standards for the measurement of thermophysical properties.

  1. The T2 phase in the Nb–Si–B system studied by ab initio calculations and synchrotron X-ray diffraction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Joubert, J.-M.; Colinet, C.; Rodrigues, G.; Suzuki, P.A.; Nunes, C.A.; Coelho, G.C.; Tedenac, J.-C.

    2012-01-01

    The solid solution based on Nb 5 Si 3 (Cr 5 B 3 structure type, D8 l , tI32, I4/mcm, No140, a=6.5767 Å, c=11.8967 Å) in the Nb–Si–B system was studied from the structural and thermodynamic point of view both experimentally and by ab initio calculations. Rietveld refinement of powder X-ray synchrotron data allowed to determine the boron to silicon substitution mechanism and the structural parameters. Ab initio calculations of different ordered compounds and selected disordered alloys allowed to obtain in addition to the enthalpy of formation of the solution, substitution mechanism and structural parameters which are in excellent agreement with the experimental data. The stability of the phase is discussed. - Graphial abstract: Valence-charge electron localization function in the z=0 plane of the D8 l structure for the ordered compound Nb 5 SiB 2 . Highlights: ► Coupling between ab initio data and experimental results from synchrotron powder diffraction. ► Excellent agreement between the two techniques for the site occupancies and internal coordinates. ► Explanation of the phase stability up to Nb 5 SiB 2 .

  2. Measurement of the elastic tensor of SmScO3 and NdScO3 using resonant ultrasound spectroscopy with ab initio calculations

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    K. A. Pestka II

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available The complete elastic tensors of SmScO3 and NdScO3 were measured using resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS in combination with ab-initio calculations. Measurement of the elastic tensor of these recently synthesized single crystal RE scandates is essential for understanding dynamic lattice applications including phonon confinement, strain induced thin film growth and superlattice construction. On average, the experimental elastic constants differed by less than 5% of the theoretical values, further validating the accuracy of modern ab-initio calculations as a means of estimating the initial elastic constants used in RUS measurements.

  3. In-medium no-core shell model for ab initio nuclear structure calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gebrerufael, Eskendr

    2017-01-01

    In this work, we merge two successful ab initio nuclear-structure methods, the no-core shell model (NCSM) and the multi-reference in-medium similarity renormalization group (IM-SRG), to define a novel many-body approach for the comprehensive description of ground and excited states of closed- and open-shell medium-mass nuclei. Building on the key advantages of the two methods - the decoupling of excitations at the many-body level in the IM-SRG, and the exact diagonalization in the NCSM applicable up to medium-light nuclei - their combination enables fully converged no-core calculations for an unprecedented range of nuclei and observables at moderate computational cost. The efficiency and rapid model-space convergence of the new approach make it ideally suited for ab initio studies of ground and low-lying excited states of nuclei up to the medium-mass regime. Interactions constructed within the framework of chiral effective field theory provide an excellent opportunity to describe properties of nuclei from first principles, i.e., rooted in quantum chromodynamics, they overcome the lack of predictive power of phenomenological potentials. The hard core of these interactions causes strong short-range correlations, which we soften by using the similarity-renormalization-group transformation that accelerates the model-space convergence of many-body calculations. Three-nucleon effects, which are mandatory for the correct description of bulk properties of nuclei, are included in our calculations by using the normal-ordered two-body approximation, which has been shown to be sufficient to capture the main effects of the three-nucleon interaction. Using these interactions, we analyze energies of ground and excited states in the carbon and oxygen isotopic chains, where conventional NCSM calculations are still feasible and provide an important benchmark. Furthermore, we study the Hoyle state in 12 C - a three-alpha cluster state that cannot be converged in standard NCSM

  4. Ab initio derivation of model energy density functionals

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Dobaczewski, Jacek

    2016-01-01

    I propose a simple and manageable method that allows for deriving coupling constants of model energy density functionals (EDFs) directly from ab initio calculations performed for finite fermion systems. A proof-of-principle application allows for linking properties of finite nuclei, determined by using the nuclear nonlocal Gogny functional, to the coupling constants of the quasilocal Skyrme functional. The method does not rely on properties of infinite fermion systems but on the ab initio calculations in finite systems. It also allows for quantifying merits of different model EDFs in describing the ab initio results. (letter)

  5. Calculation of thermodynamic equilibrium between bcc disordered solid solutions U and Mo

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Alonso, Paula R.; Rubiolo, Gerardo H.

    2003-01-01

    There is actually an interest to develop a new fuel with higher density for research reactors. Fuel plates would be obtained by dispersion, a method that requires both a very dense fuel dispersant (>15.0 g U/cm 3 ) and a very high volume loading of the dispersant (>55%). Dispersants based in gamma (BCC) stabilized uranium alloys are being investigated, as they are able to reach uranium densities of 17.0 g U/cm 3 . Among them, we focus in U(Mo) bcc solid solutions with the addition of ternary elements to stabilize gamma phase. Transition metals, 4d and 5d, of groups VII and VIII are good candidates for the ternary alloy U - Mo - X. Their relative power to stabilize gamma phase seems to be in close relation with bonding energies between atoms in the alloy. A first approach to the calculation of these energies has been performed by the semi empiric method of Miedema where only bonds between pairs are considered, neglecting ternary and quaternary bonds. There is also a lack of information concerning solubilities of the ternary elements in the ternary cubic phase. In this work we aim to calculate bonding energies between atoms in the alloy using a cluster expansion of the formation energy (T=0 K) of a series of bcc ordered compounds in the systems U-Mo-X. Then the calculation of the equilibrium phase diagram by the Cluster Variation Method will be done (CVM). We show here the first part of the investigation devoted to calculation of phases equilibria in the U Mo system Formation energies of the ordered compounds were obtained by the first principles methods TB-LMTO-ASA and FP-LAPW. Another set of bonding energies was calculated in order to fit the known experimental diagram and new formation energies for the ordered compounds were derived from them. Discrepancies between both sets are discussed. (author)

  6. Towards efficient ab initio calculations of electron scattering by polyatomic molecules: III. Modelling correlation-polarization interactions

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Čurík, Roman; Šulc, M.

    2010-01-01

    Roč. 43, č. 17 (2010), s. 175205 ISSN 0953-4075 R&D Projects: GA MŠk(CZ) OC10046; GA MŠk OC09079; GA AV ČR KJB400400803; GA ČR GA202/08/0631 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z40400503 Keywords : Ab initio calculations * Commonly used * DFT potential Subject RIV: CF - Physical ; The oretical Chemistry Impact factor: 1.902, year: 2010

  7. Investigation on electronic and magnetic properties of Mn{sub 2}NiAl by ab initio calculations and Monte Carlo simulations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Masrour, R., E-mail: rachidmasrour@hotmail.com [Laboratory of Materials, Processes, Environment and Quality, Cady Ayyed University, National School of Applied Sciences, PB 63 46000 Safi (Morocco); Jabar, A. [Laboratory of Materials, Processes, Environment and Quality, Cady Ayyed University, National School of Applied Sciences, PB 63 46000 Safi (Morocco); Hlil, E.K. [Institut Néel, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, BP 166, F-38042 Grenoble cedex 9 (France); Hamedoun, M. [Institute of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies, MAScIR, Rabat (Morocco); Benyoussef, A. [Institute of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies, MAScIR, Rabat (Morocco); Hassan II Academy of Science and Technology, Rabat (Morocco); Hourmatallah, A. [Equipe de Physique du Solide, Laboratoire LIPI, Ecole Normale Supérieure, BP 5206, Bensouda, Fes (Morocco); Rezzouk, A.; Bouslykhane, K.; Benzakour, N. [Laboratoire de Physique du Solide, Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Faculté des sciences DharMahraz, BP 1796, Fes (Morocco)

    2017-04-15

    Self-consistent ab initio calculations, based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) approach and using Full potential Linear Augmented Plane Wave (FLAPW) method, are performed to investigate both electronic and magnetic properties of the Mn{sub 2}NiAl. Magnetic moment considered to lie along (001) axes are computed. Obtained data from ab initio calculations are used as input for Monte Carlo simulations to compute other magnetic parameters. Also, the magnetic properties of Mn{sub 2}NiAl are studied using the Monte Carlo simulations. The variation of magnetization and magnetic susceptibility with the reduced temperature of Mn{sub 2}NiAl are investigated. The transition temperature of this system is deduced for different values exchange interaction and crystal field. The thermal total magnetization has been obtained, and the magnetic hysteresis cycle is established. The total magnetic moment is superior to those obtained by the other method and is mainly determined by the antiparallel aligned Mn{sub I}, Mn{sub II} and Ni spin moments. The superparamagnetic phase is found at the neighborhood of transition temperature. - Highlights: • Ab initio calculations are used to study magnetic and electronic properties of Mn{sub 2}NiX. • The transition temperature of Mn{sub 2}NiX is established. • The magnetic hysteresis cycle of M{sub n2}NiX (X = Al, Ga, In, Sn) is deduced. • The magnetic coercive field of Mn{sub 2}NiX (X = Al, Ga, In, Sn) is given.

  8. Molecular Structure of 3,3-Diethylpenthane (Tetraethylmethane) in the Gas Phase As Determined by Electron Diffraction and ab Initio Calculations

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Adler, R. W.; Allen, P. R.; Hnyk, Drahomír; Rankin, D. W. H.; Robertson, H. E.; Smart, B. A.; Gillespie, R. J.; Bytheway, I.

    1999-01-01

    Roč. 64, č. 12 (1999), s. 4226-4232 ISSN 0022-3263 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z4032918 Keywords : structure * initio calculations * 3,3-Diethylpentane Subject RIV: CC - Organic Chemistry Impact factor: 3.440, year: 1999

  9. Theoretical study of hydration in Y{sub 2}Mo{sub 3}O{sub 12}: Effects on structure and negative thermal expansion

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wu, Ming-Yi; Wang, Lei; Jia, Yu; Sun, Qiang, E-mail: qsun@zzu.edu.cn [International Laboratory for Quantum Functional Materials of Henan, and School of Physics and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 (China); Guo, Zheng-Xiao [Department of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ (United Kingdom)

    2015-02-15

    We report ab-initio calculations of water absorption in Y{sub 2}Mo{sub 3}O{sub 12}. The absorption geometry of H{sub 2}O in Y{sub 2}Mo{sub 3}O{sub 12} and the binding property between H{sub 2}O and Y{sub 2}Mo{sub 3}O{sub 12} have been first identified. Our calculated results show that water is chemisorbed in Y{sub 2}Mo{sub 3}O{sub 12} with O of the water binding to the Y{sup 3+} cation, which is further strengthened by hydrogen bonding between each of the hydrogen atoms of H{sub 2}O and the bridge O in Y{sub 2}Mo{sub 3}O{sub 12}, shared by polyhedrons YO{sub 6} and MoO{sub 4}. The absorption of water leads to a reduced angle of Y-O-Mo and shortened Y-Mo distance, and consequently volume contraction of the material, almost linearly with the increasing number of water molecules per unit cell, up to eight in total. In addition, our phonon calculation show that the transverse vibration of Y-O-Mo is restricted due to water absorption, which in turn hinders the NTE, as it is mainly originated from this vibrational mode. Our results clarify further the fundamental mechanisms of the large volume shrinkage and the lost NTE of the framework oxide due to water absorption.

  10. Towards efficient ab initio calculations of electron scattering by polyatomic molecules: II. Efficient evaluation of exchange integrals

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Čársky, Petr

    2010-01-01

    Roč. 43, č. 17 (2010), s. 175204 ISSN 0953-4075 R&D Projects: GA MŠk OC09079; GA MŠk(CZ) OC10046; GA ČR GA202/08/0631 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z40400503 Keywords : ab initio calculations * electron scattering * polyatomic molecules Subject RIV: CF - Physical ; Theoretical Chemistry Impact factor: 1.902, year: 2010

  11. Ab initio calculation of the electronic spectrum of azobenzene dyes and its impact on the design of optical data storage materials

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Åstrand, Per-Olof; Ramanujam, P.S.; Hvilsted, Søren

    2000-01-01

    Electronic excitation energies of 16 azobenzene dyes have been calculated by ab initio methods within the second-order polarization propagator approximation (SOPPA). Good agreement with expriment is found for the lowest singlet and triplet states for both the trans- and cis-azobenzene molecules......, the experimental singlet π → π* transitions are reproduced for a set of azobenzene dyes with different electron donor and acceptor groups and the correct shifts in excitation energy are obtained for the different substituents. It has also been demonstrated that ab initio methods can be used to determine suitable...

  12. Increasing the efficiency and accuracy of time-resolved electronic spectra calculations with on-the-fly ab initio quantum dynamics methods

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vanicek, Jiri

    2014-03-01

    Rigorous quantum-mechanical calculations of coherent ultrafast electronic spectra remain difficult. I will present several approaches developed in our group that increase the efficiency and accuracy of such calculations: First, we justified the feasibility of evaluating time-resolved spectra of large systems by proving that the number of trajectories needed for convergence of the semiclassical dephasing representation/phase averaging is independent of dimensionality. Recently, we further accelerated this approximation with a cellular scheme employing inverse Weierstrass transform and optimal scaling of the cell size. The accuracy of potential energy surfaces was increased by combining the dephasing representation with accurate on-the-fly ab initio electronic structure calculations, including nonadiabatic and spin-orbit couplings. Finally, the inherent semiclassical approximation was removed in the exact quantum Gaussian dephasing representation, in which semiclassical trajectories are replaced by communicating frozen Gaussian basis functions evolving classically with an average Hamiltonian. Among other examples I will present an on-the-fly ab initio semiclassical dynamics calculation of the dispersed time-resolved stimulated emission spectrum of the 54-dimensional azulene. This research was supported by EPFL and by the Swiss National Science Foundation NCCR MUST (Molecular Ultrafast Science and Technology) and Grant No. 200021124936/1.

  13. Substituent Inductive Effects on the Electrochemical Oxidation of Flavonoids Studied by Square Wave Voltammetry and Ab Initio Calculations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Arroyo-Currás, Netzahualcóyotl; Rosas-García, Víctor M; Videa, Marcelo

    2016-10-27

    Flavonoids are natural products commonly found in the human diet that show antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-hepatotoxic activities. These nutraceutical properties may relate to the electrochemical activity of flavonoids. To increase the understanding of structure-electrochemical activity relations and the inductive effects that OH substituents have on the redox potential of flavonoids, we carried out square-wave voltammetry experiments and ab initio calculations of eight flavonoids selected following a systematic variation in the number of hydroxyl substituents and their location on the flavan backbone: three flavonols, three anthocyanidins, one anthocyanin and the flavonoid backbone flavone. We compared the effect that the number of -OH groups in the ring B of flavan has on the oxidation potential of the flavonoids considered, finding linear correlations for both flavonols and anthocyanidins ( R 2 = 0.98 ). We analyzed the effects that position and number of -OH substituents have on electron density distributions via ab initio quantum chemical calculations. We present direct correlations between structural features and oxidation potentials that provide a deeper insight into the redox chemistry of these molecules.

  14. Substrate Screening Effects in ab initio Many-body Green's Function Calculations of Doped Graphene on SiC

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vigil-Fowler, Derek; Lischner, Johannes; Louie, Steven

    2013-03-01

    Understanding many-electron interaction effects and the influence of the substrate in graphene-on-substrate systems is of great theoretical and practical interest. Thus far, both model Hamiltonian and ab initio GW calculations for the quasiparticle properties of such systems have employed crude models for the effect of the substrate, often approximating the complicated substrate dielectric matrix by a single constant. We develop a method in which the spatially-dependent dielectric matrix of the substrate (e.g., SiC) is incorporated into that of doped graphene to obtain an accurate total dielectric matrix. We present ab initio GW + cumulant expansion calculations, showing that both the cumulant expansion (to include higher-order electron correlations) and a proper account of the substrate screening are needed to achieve agreement with features seen in ARPES. We discuss how this methodology could be used in other systems. This work was supported by NSF Grant No. DMR10-1006184 and U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Computational resources have been provided by the NERSC and NICS. D.V-F. acknowledges funding from the DOD's NDSEG fellowship.

  15. Modelling the local atomic structure of molybdenum in nuclear waste glasses with ab initio molecular dynamics simulations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Konstantinou, Konstantinos; Sushko, Peter V; Duffy, Dorothy M

    2016-09-21

    The nature of chemical bonding of molybdenum in high level nuclear waste glasses has been elucidated by ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. Two compositions, (SiO 2 ) 57.5 -(B 2 O 3 ) 10 -(Na 2 O) 15 -(CaO) 15 -(MoO 3 ) 2.5 and (SiO 2 ) 57.3 -(B 2 O 3 ) 20 -(Na 2 O) 6.8 -(Li 2 O) 13.4 -(MoO 3 ) 2.5 , were considered in order to investigate the effect of ionic and covalent components on the glass structure and the formation of the crystallisation precursors (Na 2 MoO 4 and CaMoO 4 ). The coordination environments of Mo cations and the corresponding bond lengths calculated from our model are in excellent agreement with experimental observations. The analysis of the first coordination shell reveals two different types of molybdenum host matrix bonds in the lithium sodium borosilicate glass. Based on the structural data and the bond valence model, we demonstrate that the Mo cation can be found in a redox state and the molybdate tetrahedron can be connected with the borosilicate network in a way that inhibits the formation of crystalline molybdates. These results significantly extend our understanding of bonding in Mo-containing nuclear waste glasses and demonstrate that tailoring the glass composition to specific heavy metal constituents can facilitate incorporation of heavy metals at high concentrations.

  16. Application of Ab Initio Electronic Structure Calculations in Construction of Phase Diagrams of Metallic Systems with Complex Phases

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Šob, Mojmír; Kroupa, Aleš; Pavlů, Jana; Vřešťál, Jan

    2009-01-01

    Roč. 150, č. 1 (2009), s. 1-28 ISSN 1012-0394 R&D Projects: GA MŠk OC 147; GA ČR GA106/07/1078 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z20410507 Keywords : Ab initio calculations * CALPHAD method * Laves phases * sigma phase * ternary systems * super-austenitic steels Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism

  17. Au55, a stable glassy cluster: results of ab initio calculations

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dieter Vollath

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available Structure and properties of small nanoparticles are still under discussion. Moreover, some thermodynamic properties and the structural behavior still remain partially unknown. One of the best investigated nanoparticles is the Au55 cluster, which has been analyzed experimentally and theoretically. However, up to now, the results of these studies are still inconsistent. Consequently, we have carried out the present ab initio study of the Au55 cluster, using up-to-date computational concepts, in order to clarify these issues. Our calculations have confirmed the experimental result that the thermodynamically most stable structure is not crystalline, but it is glassy. The non-crystalline structure of this cluster was validated by comparison of the coordination numbers with those of a crystalline cluster. It was found that, in contrast to bulk materials, glass formation is connected to an energy release that is close to the melting enthalpy of bulk gold. Additionally, the surface energy of this cluster was calculated using two different theoretical approaches resulting in values close to the surface energy for bulk gold. It shall be emphasized that it is now possible to give a confidence interval for the value of the surface energy.

  18. Ab initio calculations and modelling of atomic cluster structure

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Solov'yov, Ilia; Lyalin, Andrey G.; Solov'yov, Andrey V.

    2004-01-01

    The optimized structure and electronic properties of small sodium and magnesium clusters have been investigated using it ab initio theoretical methods based on density-functional theory and post-Hartree-Fock many-body perturbation theory accounting for all electrons in the system. A new theoretical...

  19. Potential Energy and Free Energy Surfaces of the Formic Acid Dimer: Correlared ab initio Calculations and Molecular Dynamics Simulations

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Chocholoušová, Jana; Vacek, Jaroslav; Hobza, Pavel

    2002-01-01

    Roč. 4, - (2002), s. 2119-2122 ISSN 1463-9076 R&D Projects: GA MŠk LN00A032 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z4040901 Keywords : formic acid dimer * ab initio calculations * molecular dynamics simulations Subject RIV: CF - Physical ; Theoretical Chemistry Impact factor: 1.838, year: 2002

  20. Identifying Stereoisomers by ab-initio Calculation of Secondary Isotope Shifts on NMR Chemical Shieldings

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Karl-Heinz Böhm

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available We present ab-initio calculations of secondary isotope effects on NMR chemical shieldings. The change of the NMR chemical shift of a certain nucleus that is observed if another nucleus is replaced by a different isotope can be calculated by computing vibrational corrections on the NMR parameters using electronic structure methods. We demonstrate that the accuracy of the computational results is sufficient to even distinguish different conformers. For this purpose, benchmark calculations for fluoro(2-2Hethane in gauche and antiperiplanar conformation are carried out at the HF, MP2 and CCSD(T level of theory using basis sets ranging from double- to quadruple-zeta quality. The methodology is applied to the secondary isotope shifts for 2-fluoronorbornane in order to resolve an ambiguity in the literature on the assignment of endo- and exo-2-fluoronorbornanes with deuterium substituents in endo-3 and exo-3 positions, also yielding insight into mechanistic details of the corresponding synthesis.

  1. Identifying stereoisomers by ab-initio calculation of secondary isotope shifts on NMR chemical shieldings.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Böhm, Karl-Heinz; Banert, Klaus; Auer, Alexander A

    2014-04-23

    We present ab-initio calculations of secondary isotope effects on NMR chemical shieldings. The change of the NMR chemical shift of a certain nucleus that is observed if another nucleus is replaced by a different isotope can be calculated by computing vibrational corrections on the NMR parameters using electronic structure methods. We demonstrate that the accuracy of the computational results is sufficient to even distinguish different conformers. For this purpose, benchmark calculations for fluoro(2-2H)ethane in gauche and antiperiplanar conformation are carried out at the HF, MP2 and CCSD(T) level of theory using basis sets ranging from double- to quadruple-zeta quality. The methodology is applied to the secondary isotope shifts for 2-fluoronorbornane in order to resolve an ambiguity in the literature on the assignment of endo- and exo-2-fluoronorbornanes with deuterium substituents in endo-3 and exo-3 positions, also yielding insight into mechanistic details of the corresponding synthesis.

  2. Ramsdellite-structured LiTiO 2: A new phase predicted from ab initio calculations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Koudriachova, M. V.

    2008-06-01

    A new phase of highly lithiated titania with potential application as an anode in Li-rechargeable batteries is predicted on the basis of ab initio calculations. This phase has a composition LiTiO2 and may be accessed through electrochemical lithiation of ramsdellite-structured TiO2 at the lowest potential reported for titanium dioxide based materials. The potential remains constant over a wide range of Li-concentrations. The new phase is metastable with respect to a tetragonally distorted rock salt structure, which hitherto has been the only known polymorph of LiTiO2.

  3. Origin of the n -type and p -type conductivity of MoS 2 monolayers on a SiO 2 substrate

    KAUST Repository

    Dolui, Kapildeb

    2013-04-02

    Ab initio density functional theory calculations are performed to study the electronic properties of a MoS2 monolayer deposited over a SiO 2 substrate in the presence of interface impurities and defects. When MoS2 is placed on a defect-free substrate, the oxide plays an insignificant role since the conduction band top and the valence band minimum of MoS2 are located approximately in the middle of the SiO2 band gap. However, if Na impurities and O dangling bonds are introduced at the SiO2 surface, these lead to localized states, which modulate the conductivity of the MoS2 monolayer from n- to p-type. Our results show that the conductive properties of MoS2 deposited on SiO 2 are mainly determined by the detailed structure of the MoS 2/SiO2 interface, and suggest that doping the substrate can represent a viable strategy for engineering MoS2-based devices. © 2013 American Physical Society.

  4. Magnetization, resistivity, specific heat and ab initio calculations of Gd5Sb3.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Samatham, S Shanmukharao; Patel, Akhilesh Kumar; Lukoyanov, Alexey V; Suresh, K G

    2018-06-07

    We report on the combined results of structural, magnetic, transport and calorimetric properties of Mn5Si3-type hexagonal Gd5Sb3, together with ab-initio calculations. It exhibits a ferromagnetic (FM)-like transition at 265 K, antiferromagnetic (AFM) Néel transition at 95.5 K followed by a spin-orientation transition at 62 K. The system is found to be in AFM state down to 2 K in a field of 70 kOe. The FM-AFM phase coexistence is not noticeable despite large positive Curie-Weiss temperature (θCW = 223.5 ± 0.2 K). Instead, low-temperature AFM and high-temperature FM-like phases are separated in large temperatures. Temperature-magnetic field (H-T) phase diagram reveals field-driven complex magnetic phases. Within the AFM phase, the system is observed to undergo field-driven spin-orientation transitions. Field-induced tricritical and quantum critical points appear to be absent due to strong AFM nature and by the intervention of FM-like state between paramagnetic and AFM states, respectively. The metallic behavior of the compound is inferred from resistivity along with large Sommerfeld parameter. However, no sign of strong electron-correlations is reasoned from the Kadowaki-Wood's ratio A2 ∼ 1.9×10-6 μΩ.cm.(mol.K)2(mJ)-2, despite heavy γ. Essentially, ab initio calculations accounting for electronic correlations confirm AFM nature of low-temperature magnetic state in Gd5Sb3 and attainable FM ordering in agreement with experimental data. © 2018 IOP Publishing Ltd.

  5. A proposal for an unusually stiff and moderately ductile hard coating material: Mo2BC

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Emmerlich, J; Music, D; Braun, M; Fayek, P; Schneider, J M; Munnik, F

    2009-01-01

    The elastic properties of Mo 2 BC were studied using ab initio calculations. The calculated bulk modulus of 324 GPa is 45% larger than that of Ti 0.25 Al 0.75 N and 14% smaller than that of c-BN, indicating a highly stiff material. The bulk modulus (B) to shear modulus (G) ratio is 1.72 at the transition from brittle to ductile behaviour. This, in combination with a positive Cauchy pressure (c 12 - c 44 ), suggests moderate ductility. When compared with a typical hard protective coating such as Ti 0.25 Al 0.75 N (B = 178 GPa; B/G = 1.44; negative Cauchy pressure), Mo 2 BC displays considerable potential as protective coating for metal cutting applications. In order to test this proposal, Mo 2 BC thin films were synthesized using dc magnetron sputtering from three plasma sources on Al 2 O 3 (0 0 0 1) at a substrate temperature of ∼900 0 C. The calculated lattice parameters are in good agreement with values determined from x-ray diffraction. The measured Young's modulus values of ∼460 ± 21 GPa are in excellent agreement with the 470 GPa value obtained by calculations. Scanning probe microscopy imaging of the residual indent revealed no evidence for crack formation as well as significant pile-up, which is consistent with the moderate plasticity predicted. The apparent contradiction between moderate ductility on the one hand and indentation hardness values of 29 GPa can be understood by considering the electronic structure particularly the extreme anisotropy. The presence of stiff Mo-C and Mo-B layers with metallic interlayer bonding enables this intriguing and unexpected property combination.

  6. Ground state of the U{sub 2}Mo compound: Physical properties of the Ω-phase

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Losada, E.L. [SIM3, Centro Atómico Bariloche, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (Argentina); Garcés, J.E., E-mail: garces@cab.cnea.gov.ar [GIA, Centro Atómico Bariloche, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (Argentina)

    2016-10-15

    Using ab initio calculations, unexpected structural instability was recently found in the ground state of the U{sub 2} Mo compound. Instead of the unstable I4/mmm and the Pmmn structures, in this work the P6/mmm (#191) space group, usually called Ω-phase, is proposed as the fundamental state. Total energy calculations using Wien2k code slightly favoured the last structure. Electronic and elastic properties are studied in this work in order to characterize the physical properties of this new phase. The stability of the Ω-phase is studied by means of its elastic constants calculation and phonon dispersion spectrum. Analysis of isotropic indices shows that the new phase is a ductile material with a minimal degree of anisotropy, suggesting that U{sub 2} Mo in the P6/mmm structure is an elastic isotropic material. Analysis of charge density, density of electronic states (DOS) and the character of the bands revealed a high level of hybridization between d-molybdenum electronic states and d- and f-uranium ones.

  7. Ab initio calculation of the transition-state properties and addition rate constants for H + C2H2 and selected isotopic analogues

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Harding, L.B.; Wagner, A.F.; Bowman, J.M.; Schatz, G.C.; Christoffel, K.

    1982-01-01

    GVB-POL-CI ab initio calculations of the geometries, energetics, and normal mode frequencies of C 2 H 2 , C 2 H 3 , and the transition state for the addition reaction of H + C 2 H 2 are presented. In addition, normal mode frequencies for the isotopic variants D + C 2 D 2 , D + C 2 H 2 , and H + C 2 D 2 are preented. These results are compared to experimental values for C 2 H 2 and to ab initio values of Hagase and Kern, and semiempirical values of Keil, Lynch, Cowfer, and Michael. The results are also used to calculate the apparent bimolecular addition rate constant using conventional RRKM theory for chemical activation. The calculated rate constants and their isotopic variants are compared as a function of temperature and pressure to available experimental information. The agreement is little different from that obtained by Keil et al. with a similar calculation using semiempirical values for acetylene, transition-state, and vinyl radical properties. In particular, the calculated high-pressure limit of the rate constant appears to be at least 1 order of magnitude higher than the experimental limit. Several possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed

  8. Ab initio calculations of the structure and conformations of 2,6-lutidine

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Porcinai, S.; Foggi, P.

    1997-01-01

    Ab initio molecular orbital calculations at the SCF level have been utilized to determine the structure and the electronic and vibrational properties of 2,6-lutidine (2,6-dimethyl-pyridine) in the ground electronic state. Comparative calculations have been performed on the parent molecule pyridine. Structure predictions of both molecules are in good agreement with experimental data. The most stable rotamer of 2,6-lutidine has C 2v symmetry with one of the C-H bonds of both the methyl groups lying in the plane of the aromatic ring and pointing in the opposite direction with respect to the nitrogen atom. This is the result of the minimization of competing forces deriving from steric hindrance and electronic stabilization. Vibrational frequencies and oscillator strengths of C-H stretching in the fundamental region have been calculated for both pyridine and the most stable rotamer of 2,6-lutidine and compared to IR data obtained in pure liquids. The potential energy profile of the C-H bond in and out of plane has been investigated up to five times the equilibrium distance. The trend of the potential curves confirms that the C-H bond lying in the plane has a higher dissociation energy than that of the in-plane bonds as observed in experiments on vibrational overtones

  9. High pressure stability of lithium metatitanate and metazirconate: Insight from experiments & ab-initio calculations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chitnis, Abhishek; Chakraborty, B.; Tripathi, B. M.; Tyagi, A. K.; Garg, Nandini

    2018-02-01

    Lithium metatitanate (LTO) and lithium metazirconate (LZO) are lithium rich ceramics which can be used as tritium breeder materials for thermonuclear reactors. In-situ x-ray diffraction and ab-initio studies at high pressure show that LTO has a higher bulk modulus than that of LZO. In fact these studies indicate that they are the least compressible of the known lithium rich ceramics like Li2O or Li4SiO4, which are potential candidates for blanket materials. These studies show that the TiO6 octahedra are responsible for the higher bulk modulus of LTO when compared to that of LZO. It has also been shown that the compressibility and distortion of the softer LiO6 octahedra can be controlled by altering the stacking sequence of the more rigid covalently bonded octahedra. This knowledge can be used by chemists to design new lithium based ceramics with higher bulk modulus. It was observed that LTO was stable upto 34 GPa. Ab initio DFT calculations helped to understand the anisotropy in compressibility of both LZO and LTO. This study also shows, that even though the empirical potentials developed by Vijaykumar et al. successfully determine the ambient pressure structure of lithium metatitanate, they cannot be used at non ambient conditions like high pressure [1].

  10. Atomic scale onset of Al adhesion on Mo2BC

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bolvardi, Hamid; Music, Denis; Schneider, Jochen M.

    2015-01-01

    We have explored interfacial interactions between a Mo–C terminated Mo 2 BC(040) surface and an Al cluster using ab initio molecular dynamics. The Al cluster is disrupted and wets the Mo 2 BC(040) surface. This can be understood based on the electronic structure. Across the Al–MoC interface C s–Al s hybridized states are formed. These bonds are stronger than the Al–Al intra-cluster bonds. Hence, the onset of Al adhesion is caused by bond formation across the Al–MoC interface. - Highlights: • Interfacial interactions between Mo 2 BC and an Al cluster were explored. • Al forms bonds to C constituting the onset of Al adhesion on Mo 2 BC. • These data are relevant for other carbide coatings

  11. Ab initio calculations of mechanical properties: Methods and applications

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Pokluda, J.; Černý, Miroslav; Šob, Mojmír; Umeno, Y.

    2015-01-01

    Roč. 73, AUG (2015), s. 127-158 ISSN 0079-6425 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GAP108/12/0311 Institutional support: RVO:68081723 Keywords : Ab initio methods * Elastic moduli * Intrinsic hardness * Stability analysis * Theoretical strength * Intrinsic brittleness/ductility Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism Impact factor: 31.083, year: 2015

  12. Ab initio potential for solids

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Chetty, N.; Stokbro, Kurt; Jacobsen, Karsten Wedel

    1992-01-01

    . At the most approximate level, the theory is equivalent to the usual effective-medium theory. At all levels of approximation, every term in the total-energy expression is calculated ab initio, that is, without any fitting to experiment or to other calculations. Every step in the approximation procedure can...

  13. Ab initio calculation of Ti NMR shieldings for titanium oxides and halides

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tossell, J. A.

    Titanium NMR shielding constants have been calculated using ab initio coupled Hartree-Fock perturbation theory and polarized double-zeta basis sets for TiF 4, TiF 62-, TiCI 4, Ti(OH) 4, Ti(OH 2) 64+, Ti(OH) 4O, and Ti(OH) 3O -. In all cases the calculations were performed at Hartree-Fuck energy-optimized geometries. For Ti(OH) 4 a S4-symmetry geometry with nonlinear ∠ TiOH was employed. Relative shieldings are in reasonable agreement with experiment for TiF 62-, TiCI 4, and Ti(OR) 4, where R = H or alkyl. Ti(OH 2) 64+ is predicted to be more highly shielded than Ti(OH) 4 by about 340 ppm. The five-coordinate complex Ti(OH) 4O, whose calculated structure matches well that measured by extended X-ray absorption fine structure in K 2O · TiO 2 · SiO 2 glass, is actually deshielded compared to Ti(OH) 4 by about 40 ppm. X-ray absorption-near-edge spectral energies have also been calculated for TiF 4, TiCI 4, Ti(OH) 4, and Ti(OH) 4O using an equivalent ionic core virtual-orbital method and the observed reduction in term energy for the five-coordinate species compared to Ti(OH) 4 has been reproduced. Replacement of the H atoms in Ti(OH) 4 by point charges has only a slight effect upon σTi, suggesting a possible means of incorporating second-neighbor effects in NMR calculations for condensed phases.

  14. Oxygen Passivation Mediated Tunability of Trion and Excitons in MoS2

    KAUST Repository

    Gogoi, Pranjal Kumar

    2017-08-17

    Using wide spectral range in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry with systematic ultrahigh vacuum annealing and in situ exposure to oxygen, we report the complex dielectric function of MoS2 isolating the environmental effects and revealing the crucial role of unpassivated and passivated sulphur vacancies. The spectral weights of the A (1.92 eV) and B (2.02 eV) exciton peaks in the dielectric function reduce significantly upon annealing, accompanied by spectral weight transfer in a broad energy range. Interestingly, the original spectral weights are recovered upon controlled oxygen exposure. This tunability of the excitonic effects is likely due to passivation and reemergence of the gap states in the band structure during oxygen adsorption and desorption, respectively, as indicated by ab initio density functional theory calculation results. This Letter unravels and emphasizes the important role of adsorbed oxygen in the optical spectra and many-body interactions of MoS2.

  15. Oxygen Passivation Mediated Tunability of Trion and Excitons in MoS2

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gogoi, Pranjal Kumar; Hu, Zhenliang; Wang, Qixing; Carvalho, Alexandra; Schmidt, Daniel; Yin, Xinmao; Chang, Yung-Huang; Li, Lain-Jong; Sow, Chorng Haur; Neto, A. H. Castro; Breese, Mark B. H.; Rusydi, Andrivo; Wee, Andrew T. S.

    2017-08-01

    Using wide spectral range in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry with systematic ultrahigh vacuum annealing and in situ exposure to oxygen, we report the complex dielectric function of MoS2 isolating the environmental effects and revealing the crucial role of unpassivated and passivated sulphur vacancies. The spectral weights of the A (1.92 eV) and B (2.02 eV) exciton peaks in the dielectric function reduce significantly upon annealing, accompanied by spectral weight transfer in a broad energy range. Interestingly, the original spectral weights are recovered upon controlled oxygen exposure. This tunability of the excitonic effects is likely due to passivation and reemergence of the gap states in the band structure during oxygen adsorption and desorption, respectively, as indicated by ab initio density functional theory calculation results. This Letter unravels and emphasizes the important role of adsorbed oxygen in the optical spectra and many-body interactions of MoS2 .

  16. Oxygen Passivation Mediated Tunability of Trion and Excitons in MoS2

    KAUST Repository

    Gogoi, Pranjal Kumar; Hu, Zhenliang; Wang, Qixing; Carvalho, Alexandra; Schmidt, Daniel; Yin, Xinmao; Chang, Yung-Huang; Li, Lain-Jong; Sow, Chorng Haur; Neto, A.  H. Castro; Breese, Mark B.  H.; Rusydi, Andrivo; Wee, Andrew T.  S.

    2017-01-01

    Using wide spectral range in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry with systematic ultrahigh vacuum annealing and in situ exposure to oxygen, we report the complex dielectric function of MoS2 isolating the environmental effects and revealing the crucial role of unpassivated and passivated sulphur vacancies. The spectral weights of the A (1.92 eV) and B (2.02 eV) exciton peaks in the dielectric function reduce significantly upon annealing, accompanied by spectral weight transfer in a broad energy range. Interestingly, the original spectral weights are recovered upon controlled oxygen exposure. This tunability of the excitonic effects is likely due to passivation and reemergence of the gap states in the band structure during oxygen adsorption and desorption, respectively, as indicated by ab initio density functional theory calculation results. This Letter unravels and emphasizes the important role of adsorbed oxygen in the optical spectra and many-body interactions of MoS2.

  17. Ab initio quasi-particle approximation bandgaps of silicon nanowires calculated at density functional theory/local density approximation computational effort

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ribeiro, M., E-mail: ribeiro.jr@oorbit.com.br [Office of Operational Research for Business Intelligence and Technology, Principal Office, Buffalo, Wyoming 82834 (United States)

    2015-06-21

    Ab initio calculations of hydrogen-passivated Si nanowires were performed using density functional theory within LDA-1/2, to account for the excited states properties. A range of diameters was calculated to draw conclusions about the ability of the method to correctly describe the main trends of bandgap, quantum confinement, and self-energy corrections versus the diameter of the nanowire. Bandgaps are predicted with excellent accuracy if compared with other theoretical results like GW, and with the experiment as well, but with a low computational cost.

  18. Ab initio quasi-particle approximation bandgaps of silicon nanowires calculated at density functional theory/local density approximation computational effort

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ribeiro, M.

    2015-01-01

    Ab initio calculations of hydrogen-passivated Si nanowires were performed using density functional theory within LDA-1/2, to account for the excited states properties. A range of diameters was calculated to draw conclusions about the ability of the method to correctly describe the main trends of bandgap, quantum confinement, and self-energy corrections versus the diameter of the nanowire. Bandgaps are predicted with excellent accuracy if compared with other theoretical results like GW, and with the experiment as well, but with a low computational cost

  19. Investigation of the binding mode of a novel cruzain inhibitor by docking, molecular dynamics, ab initio and MM/PBSA calculations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Martins, Luan Carvalho; Torres, Pedro Henrique Monteiro; de Oliveira, Renata Barbosa; Pascutti, Pedro Geraldo; Cino, Elio A.; Ferreira, Rafaela Salgado

    2018-05-01

    Chagas disease remains a major health problem in South America, and throughout the world. The two drugs clinically available for its treatment have limited efficacy and cause serious adverse effects. Cruzain is an established therapeutic target of Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan that causes Chagas disease. Our group recently identified a competitive cruzain inhibitor (compound 1) with an IC50 = 15 µM that is also more synthetically accessible than the previously reported lead, compound 2. Prior studies, however, did not propose a binding mode for compound 1, hindering understanding of the structure-activity relationship and optimization. Here, the cruzain binding mode of compound 1 was investigated using docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with ab initio derived parameters, ab initio calculations, and MM/PBSA. Two ligand protonation states and four binding poses were evaluated. A careful ligand parameterization method was employed to derive more physically meaningful parameters than those obtained by automated tools. The poses of unprotonated 1 were unstable in MD, showing large conformational changes and diffusing away from the binding site, whereas the protonated form showed higher stability and interaction with negatively charged residues Asp161 and Cys25. MM/PBSA also suggested that these two residues contribute favorably to binding of compound 1. By combining results from MD, ab initio calculations, and MM/PBSA, a binding mode of 1 is proposed. The results also provide insights for further optimization of 1, an interesting lead compound for the development of new cruzain inhibitors.

  20. Theoretical calculations of spin-Hamiltonian parameters for the rhombic-like Mo5+ centers in KTiOPO4 crystal

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yang, Mei; Wen-Chen, Zheng; Hong-Gang, Liu

    2013-01-01

    The spin-Hamiltonian parameters (g factors g i and hyperfine structure constants A i , were i=x, y and z) for Mo 5+ ion occupying the Ti(1) site with approximately rhombic symmetry in KTiOPO 4 crystal are calculated from the high-order perturbation formulas based on the two-mechanism model. In the model, not only the contribution due to the conventional crystal-field (CF) mechanism, but also those due to the charge-transfer (CT) mechanism are included. The six calculated spin-Hamiltonian parameters with four adjustable parameters are in reasonable agreement with the experimental values. The calculations show that for more accurate calculations of spin-Hamiltonian parameters of the high valence d n ions (e.g., Mo 5+ considered here) in crystals, the contribution from CT mechanism, which is ignored in the conventional crystal field theory, should be taken into account. The reasonable crystal field energy levels of Mo 5+ in KTiOPO 4 are also predicted from calculations

  1. X-ray absorption near-edge structure in alpha-quartz and stishovite: Ab initio calculation with core - hole interaction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mo, Shang-Di; Ching, W. Y.

    2001-01-01

    Ab initio calculation of the XANSE/ELNES spectra for α quartz and stishovite were carried out using a large-supercell approach that includes the electron - core - hole interaction. Excellent agreements with experimental spectra were obtained for Si - K, Si - L 2,3 , and O - K edges. The usual interpretation using orbital-resolved local density of states in the conduction band is unsatisfactory. [copyright] 2001 American Institute of Physics

  2. Ab initio study of C14 laves phases in Fe-based systems

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pavlu J.

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Structural properties and energetics of Fe-based C14 Laves phases at various compositions (i.e. Fe2Fe, Fe2X, X2Fe, X2X, where X stands for Si, Cr, Mo, W, Ta were investigated using the pseudopotential VASP (Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package code employing the PAW-PBE (Projector Augmented Wave - Perdew Burke-Ernzerhof pseudopotentials. Full relaxation was performed for all structures studied including the reference states of elemental constituents and the equilibrium structure parameters as well as bulk moduli were found. The structure parameters of experimentally found structures were very well reproduced by our calculations. It was also found that the lattice parameters and volumes of the unit cell decrease with increasing molar fraction of iron. Thermodynamic analysis shows that the Fe2X configurations of Laves phases are more stable than the X2Fe ones. Some of the X2Fe configurations are even unstable with respect to the weighted average of the Laves phases of elemental constituents. Our calculations predict the stability of Fe2Ta. On the other hand, Fe2Mo and Fe2W are slightly unstable (3.19 and 0.68 kJ.mol-1, respectively and hypothetical structures Fe2Cr and Fe2Si are found unstable as well.

  3. Photoabsorption spectra of (Mo/W)@Au12Si60 clusters from time-dependent DFT calculations

    KAUST Repository

    Mokkath, Junais Habeeb

    2013-11-14

    The electronic structure and photoabsorption spectrum of encapsulated (Mo/W)@Au12Si60 clusters are theoretically investigated via static and time-dependent density functional theory. The photoabsorption spectrum is calculated both at the scalar relativistic and spin-orbit coupling levels. The encapsulated (Mo/W)@Au12 clusters interact with the Si and thus stabilize the Si60 cage. The spin-orbit coupling strongly affects the optical properties of (Mo/W)@Au12 clusters as it leads to a splitting of spectral lines together with an intensity redistribution, whereas the spectra of (Mo/W)@Au12Si60 clusters show hardly any difference. The nanoscale properties thus can be tuned by choosing the endohedral metal atom, while keeping the optical properties unaffected. © 2013 American Chemical Society.

  4. Photoabsorption spectra of (Mo/W)@Au12Si60 clusters from time-dependent DFT calculations

    KAUST Repository

    Mokkath, Junais Habeeb; Schwingenschlö gl, Udo

    2013-01-01

    The electronic structure and photoabsorption spectrum of encapsulated (Mo/W)@Au12Si60 clusters are theoretically investigated via static and time-dependent density functional theory. The photoabsorption spectrum is calculated both at the scalar relativistic and spin-orbit coupling levels. The encapsulated (Mo/W)@Au12 clusters interact with the Si and thus stabilize the Si60 cage. The spin-orbit coupling strongly affects the optical properties of (Mo/W)@Au12 clusters as it leads to a splitting of spectral lines together with an intensity redistribution, whereas the spectra of (Mo/W)@Au12Si60 clusters show hardly any difference. The nanoscale properties thus can be tuned by choosing the endohedral metal atom, while keeping the optical properties unaffected. © 2013 American Chemical Society.

  5. Semiempirical and ab initio calculations versus dynamic NMR on conformational analysis of cyclohexyl-N,N-dimethylcarbamate

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Basso Ernani A.

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available Axial-equatorial conformational proportions for cyclohexyl-N,N-dimethyl carbamate have been measured, for the first time, by the Eliel method, ¹H and 13C dynamic nuclear magnetic resonance (DNMR. The results were compared against those determined by theoretical calculations. By the Eliel method at least five experimentally independent measureables were used in CCl4, CDCl3 and CD3CN. The ¹H and 13C low temperature experiments were performed in CF2Br2/CD2Cl2 . Semiempirical methods MNDO, AM1 and PM3 and ab initio molecular orbital calculations at the HF/STO-3G and HF/6-31G(d,p levels have been performed on the axial and equatorial conformers populations. All applied methods correctly predict the equatorial conformer preference over the axial one. The resulting equatorial preferences determined by NMR data and theoretical calculations are in good agreement.

  6. Determination of a silane intermolecular force field potential model from an ab initio calculation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Li, Arvin Huang-Te; Chao, Sheng D.; Chang, Chien-Cheng

    2010-01-01

    Intermolecular interaction potentials of the silane dimer in 12 orientations have been calculated by using the Hartree-Fock (HF) self-consistent theory and the second-order Moeller-Plesset (MP2) perturbation theory. We employed basis sets from Pople's medium-size basis sets [up to 6-311++G(3df, 3pd)] and Dunning's correlation consistent basis sets (up to the triply augmented correlation-consistent polarized valence quadruple-zeta basis set). We found that the minimum energy orientations were the G and H conformers. We have suggested that the Si-H attractions, the central silicon atom size, and electronegativity play essential roles in weakly binding of a silane dimer. The calculated MP2 potential data were employed to parametrize a five-site force field for molecular simulations. The Si-Si, Si-H, and H-H interaction parameters in a pairwise-additive, site-site potential model for silane molecules were regressed from the ab initio energies.

  7. Reactivity of the binuclear non-heme iron active site of delta(9) desaturase studied by large-scale multireference ab initio calculations

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Chalupský, Jakub; Rokob, Tibor András; Kurashige, Y.; Yanai, T.; Solomon, E. I.; Rulíšek, Lubomír; Srnec, Martin

    2014-01-01

    Roč. 136, č. 45 (2014), s. 15977-15991 ISSN 0002-7863 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA14-31419S Institutional support: RVO:61388963 ; RVO:61388955 Keywords : DMRG-CASPT2 * ab initio calculations * reaction mechanisms Subject RIV: CF - Physical ; Theoretical Chemistry Impact factor: 12.113, year: 2014

  8. Sites and reactivity of sulfides in hydro-treatment catalysis: theoretical ab-initio study; Sites et reactivite des sulfures en catalyse d`hydrotraitement: etude theorique ab-initio

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Raybaud, P.

    1998-10-28

    Ab-initio calculations within the DFT and GGA have been carried out in an attempt to understand better which property sets the activity of transition metal sulfides (TMS) in the hydro-desulfurization reaction (HDS), a most important step in the refining of crude oil. A systematic study of the structural cohesive and electronic properties of more than thirty bulk TMS has allowed us to find a new simple relationship between the experimental catalytic activities known in HDS, and the properly defined sulfur-metal (S-M) bond energy. On this volcano curve reminiscent of the Sabatier principles, ionic metallic sulfides (as Ni{sub 3}S{sub 2}, Ci{sub 9}S{sub 8}) exhibit the weakest bonds whereas ion-covalent semi-conductors (as MoS{sub 2}) exhibit the strongest bonds: the highest activities correspond to intermediate bond strengths (RuS{sub 2}). Our study of the electronic structure of the MoS{sub 2} edge surfaces has revealed acceptor surface states localized on Coordinatively Unsaturated Mo ions and the significance of those states for the activation of hetero-aromatic molecules like thiophene. On such surfaces, the energetic profiles we establish for the thiophene HDS reaction point out the surface anionic vacancy regeneration steps as rate determining. We have calculated the optimal positions of Co (Ni) in decoration on the MoS{sub 2} edge planes, in excellent agreement with available EXAFS data on real catalysts. Introducing the promoter Co (Ni) induces a lower optimal sulfur coverage and a lower surface S-M bond strength in proportion of the Co (Ni) coverage, and lower for Ni than for Co. Simplified energy profiles for the thiophene HDS reactions on promoted (101-bar 0) surfaces show that the C-S scission step is likely to become rate determining. Our results show altogether that bulk and surface S-M strengths in TMS systems show similar trends, insofar as they are primarily determined by the local electronic structure. (author)

  9. Organic carbonates: experiment and ab initio calculations for prediction of thermochemical properties.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Verevkin, Sergey P; Emel'yanenko, Vladimir N; Kozlova, Svetlana A

    2008-10-23

    This work has been undertaken in order to obtain data on thermodynamic properties of organic carbonates and to revise the group-additivity values necessary for predicting their standard enthalpies of formation and enthalpies of vaporization. The standard molar enthalpies of formation of dibenzyl carbonate, tert-butyl phenyl carbonate, and diphenyl carbonate were measured using combustion calorimetry. Molar enthalpies of vaporization of these compounds were obtained from the temperature dependence of the vapor pressure measured by the transpiration method. Molar enthalpy of sublimation of diphenyl carbonate was measured in the same way. Ab initio calculations of molar enthalpies of formation of organic carbonates have been performed using the G3MP2 method, and results are in excellent agreement with the available experiment. Then the group-contribution method has been developed to predict values of the enthalpies of formation and enthalpies of vaporization of organic carbonates.

  10. Ab initio calculation of the electronic absorption spectrum of liquid water

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Martiniano, Hugo F. M. C.; Galamba, Nuno; Cabral, Benedito J. Costa

    2014-01-01

    The electronic absorption spectrum of liquid water was investigated by coupling a one-body energy decomposition scheme to configurations generated by classical and Born-Oppenheimer Molecular Dynamics (BOMD). A Frenkel exciton Hamiltonian formalism was adopted and the excitation energies in the liquid phase were calculated with the equation of motion coupled cluster with single and double excitations method. Molecular dynamics configurations were generated by different approaches. Classical MD were carried out with the TIP4P-Ew and AMOEBA force fields. The BLYP and BLYP-D3 exchange-correlation functionals were used in BOMD. Theoretical and experimental results for the electronic absorption spectrum of liquid water are in good agreement. Emphasis is placed on the relationship between the structure of liquid water predicted by the different models and the electronic absorption spectrum. The theoretical gas to liquid phase blue-shift of the peak positions of the electronic absorption spectrum is in good agreement with experiment. The overall shift is determined by a competition between the O–H stretching of the water monomer in liquid water that leads to a red-shift and polarization effects that induce a blue-shift. The results illustrate the importance of coupling many-body energy decomposition schemes to molecular dynamics configurations to carry out ab initio calculations of the electronic properties in liquid phase

  11. Possible doping strategies for MoS 2 monolayers: An ab initio study

    KAUST Repository

    Dolui, Kapildeb

    2013-08-14

    Density functional theory is used to systematically study the electronic properties of doped MoS2 monolayers, where the dopants are incorporated both via S/Mo substitution or as adsorbates. Among the possible substitutional dopants at the Mo site, Nb is identified as suitable p-type dopant, while Re is the donor with the lowest activation energy. When dopants are simply adsorbed on a monolayer we find that alkali metals shift the Fermi energy into the MoS2 conduction band, making the system n type. Finally, the adsorption of charged molecules is considered, mimicking an ionic liquid environment. We find that molecules adsorption can lead to both n- and p-type conductivity, depending on the charge polarity of the adsorbed species. © 2013 American Physical Society.

  12. Possible doping strategies for MoS 2 monolayers: An ab initio study

    KAUST Repository

    Dolui, Kapildeb; Rungger, Ivan; Das Pemmaraju, Chaitanya; Sanvito, Stefano

    2013-01-01

    Density functional theory is used to systematically study the electronic properties of doped MoS2 monolayers, where the dopants are incorporated both via S/Mo substitution or as adsorbates. Among the possible substitutional dopants at the Mo site, Nb is identified as suitable p-type dopant, while Re is the donor with the lowest activation energy. When dopants are simply adsorbed on a monolayer we find that alkali metals shift the Fermi energy into the MoS2 conduction band, making the system n type. Finally, the adsorption of charged molecules is considered, mimicking an ionic liquid environment. We find that molecules adsorption can lead to both n- and p-type conductivity, depending on the charge polarity of the adsorbed species. © 2013 American Physical Society.

  13. Atomic scale onset of Al adhesion on Mo{sub 2}BC

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bolvardi, Hamid; Music, Denis, E-mail: music@mch.rwth-aachen.de; Schneider, Jochen M.

    2015-08-31

    We have explored interfacial interactions between a Mo–C terminated Mo{sub 2}BC(040) surface and an Al cluster using ab initio molecular dynamics. The Al cluster is disrupted and wets the Mo{sub 2}BC(040) surface. This can be understood based on the electronic structure. Across the Al–MoC interface C s–Al s hybridized states are formed. These bonds are stronger than the Al–Al intra-cluster bonds. Hence, the onset of Al adhesion is caused by bond formation across the Al–MoC interface. - Highlights: • Interfacial interactions between Mo{sub 2}BC and an Al cluster were explored. • Al forms bonds to C constituting the onset of Al adhesion on Mo{sub 2}BC. • These data are relevant for other carbide coatings.

  14. Electronic, vibrational and related properties of group IV metal oxides by ab initio calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Leite Alves, H.W.; Silva, C.C.; Lino, A.T.; Borges, P.D.; Scolfaro, L.M.R.; Silva, E.F. da

    2008-01-01

    We present our theoretical results for the structural, electronic, vibrational and optical properties of MO 2 (M = Sn, Zr, Hf and Ti) obtained by first-principles calculations. Relativistic effects are demonstrated to be important for a realistic description of the detailed structure of the electronic frequency-dependent dielectric function, as well as of the carrier effective masses. Based on our results, we found that the main contribution of the high values calculated for the oxides dielectric constants arises from the vibrational properties of these oxides, and the vibrational static dielectric constant values diminish with increasing pressure

  15. Theoretical calculations of valence states in Fe-Mo compounds

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Estrada, F; Navarro, O; Noverola, H; Suárez, J R; Avignon, M

    2014-01-01

    The half-metallic ferromagnetic double perovskite compound Sr 2 FeMoO 6 is considered as an important material for spintronic applications. It appears to be fundamental to understand the role of electronic parameters controlling the half-metallic ground state. Fe-Mo double perovskites usually present some degree of Fe/Mo disorder which generally increases with doping. In this work, we study the valence states of Fe-Mo cations in the off-stoichiometric system Sr 2 Fe 1+x Mo 1−x O 6 (−1 ≤ x ≤ 1/3) with disorder. Our results for Fe and Mo valence states are obtained using the Green functions and the renormalization perturbation expansion method. The model is based on a correlated electron picture with localized Fe-spins and conduction Mo-electrons interacting with the local spins via a double-exchange-type mechanism

  16. Exchange coupling and magnetic anisotropy in a family of bipyrimidyl radical-bridged dilanthanide complexes: density functional theory and ab initio calculations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Yi-Quan; Luo, Cheng-Lin; Zhang, Qiang

    2014-05-05

    The origin of the magnetic anisotropy energy barriers in a series of bpym(-) (bpym = 2,2'-bipyrimidine) radical-bridged dilanthanide complexes [(Cp*2Ln)2(μ-bpym)](+) [Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl; Ln = Gd(III) (1), Tb(III) (2), Dy(III) (3), Ho(III) (4), Er(III) (5)] has been explored using density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio methods. DFT calculations show that the exchange coupling between the two lanthanide ions for each complex is very weak, but the antiferromagnetic Ln-bpym(-) couplings are strong. Ab initio calculations show that the effective energy barrier of 2 or 3 mainly comes from the contribution of a single Tb(III) or Dy(III) fragment, which is only about one third of a single Ln energy barrier. For 4 or 5, however, both of the two Ho(III) or Er(III) fragments contribute to the total energy barrier. Thus, it is insufficient to only increase the magnetic anisotropy energy barrier of a single Ln ion, while enhancing the Ln-bpym(-) couplings is also very important. Copyright © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  17. Cluster form factor calculation in the ab initio no-core shell model

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Navratil, Petr

    2004-01-01

    We derive expressions for cluster overlap integrals or channel cluster form factors for ab initio no-core shell model (NCSM) wave functions. These are used to obtain the spectroscopic factors and can serve as a starting point for the description of low-energy nuclear reactions. We consider the composite system and the target nucleus to be described in the Slater determinant (SD) harmonic oscillator (HO) basis while the projectile eigenstate to be expanded in the Jacobi coordinate HO basis. This is the most practical case. The spurious center of mass components present in the SD bases are removed exactly. The calculated cluster overlap integrals are translationally invariant. As an illustration, we present results of cluster form factor calculations for 5 He vertical bar 4 He+n>, 5 He vertical bar 3 H+d>, 6 Li vertical bar 4 He+d>, 6 Be vertical bar 3 He+ 3 He>, 7 Li vertical bar 4 He+ 3 H>, 7 Li vertical bar 6 Li+n>, 8 Be vertical bar 6 Li+d>, 8 Be vertical bar 7 Li+p>, 9 Li vertical bar 8 Li+n>, and 13 C vertical bar 12 C+n>, with all the nuclei described by multi-(ℎ/2π)Ω NCSM wave functions

  18. Structural, electronic and optical properties of cubic SrTiO{sub 3} and KTaO{sub 3}: Ab initio and GW calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Benrekia, A.R., E-mail: benrekia.ahmed@yahoo.com [Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Medea (Algeria); Benkhettou, N. [Laboratoire des Materiaux Magnetiques, Faculte des Sciences, Universite Djillali Liabes de Sidi Bel Abbes (Algeria); Nassour, A. [Laboratoire de Cristallographie, Resonance Magnetique et Modelisations (CRM2, UMR CNRS 7036) Institut Jean Barriol, Nancy Universite BP 239, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy (France); Driz, M. [Applied Material Laboratory (AML), Electronics Department, University of Sidi bel Abbes (DZ 22000) (Algeria); Sahnoun, M. [Laboratoire de Physique Quantique de la Matiere et Modelisations Mathematique (LPQ3M), Faculty of Science and Technology,University of Mascara (Algeria); Lebegue, S. [Laboratoire de Cristallographie, Resonance Magnetique et Modelisations (CRM2, UMR CNRS 7036) Institut Jean Barriol, Nancy Universite BP 239, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy (France)

    2012-07-01

    We present first-principles VASP calculations of the structural, electronic, vibrational, and optical properties of paraelectric SrTiO{sub 3} and KTaO{sub 3}. The ab initio calculations are performed in the framework of density functional theory with different exchange-correlation potentials. Our calculated lattice parameters, elastic constants, and vibrational frequencies are found to be in good agreement with the available experimental values. Then, the bandstructures are calculated with the GW approximation, and the corresponding band gap is used to obtain the optical properties of SrTiO{sub 3} and KTaO{sub 3}.

  19. Structure impact on the thermal and electronic properties of bismuth telluride by ab-initio and molecular dynamics calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Termentzidis, K; Pokropivny, A; Xiong, S-Y; Chumakov, Y; Volz, S; Woda, M; Cortona, P

    2012-01-01

    We use molecular dynamics and ab-initio methods to predict the thermal and electronic properties of new materials with high figures of merit. The simulated systems are bulk bismuth tellurides with antisite and vacancy defects. Optimizations of the materials under investigation are performed by the SIESTA code for subsequent calculations of force constants, electronic properties, and Seebeck coefficients. The prediction of the thermal conductivity is made by Non-Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics (NEMD) using the LAMMPS code. The thermal conductivity of bulk bismuth telluride with different stoichiometry and with a number of substitution defects is calculated. We have found that the thermal conductivity can be decreased by 60% by introducing vacancy defects. The calculated thermal conductivities for the different structures are compared with the available experimental and theoretical results.

  20. Ab Initio Calculations on Halogen Bond Between N-Br and Electron-donating Groups

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    WANG Yan-hua; CHEN Xue-song; ZOU Jian-wei; YU Qing-sen

    2007-01-01

    Ab initio calculations of complexes formed between N-bromosuccinimide and a series of electron-donating groups were performed at the level of MP2/Lanl2DZ* to gain a deeper insight into the nature of the N-Br halogen stronger halogen-bonding complex than the C-Br. A comparison of neutral hydrogen bond complex series reveals that the electron-donating capacities of the atoms decrease in the order, N>O>S; O(sp3)>O(sp2), which is adequate for the C-Br halogen bonding. Interaction energies, in conjunction with the geometrical parameters show that the affinitive capacity of trihalide anions X-3 with N-bromosuccinimide are markedly lower than that of the corresponding X- with N-bromosuccinimide, even lower than those of neutral molecules with N-bromosuccinimide. AIM analyses further confirmed the above results.

  1. Stress reduction of Cu-doped diamond-like carbon films from ab initio calculations

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Xiaowei Li

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Structure and properties of Cu-doped diamond-like carbon films (DLC were investigated using ab initio calculations. The effect of Cu concentrations (1.56∼7.81 at.% on atomic bond structure was mainly analyzed to clarify the residual stress reduction mechanism. Results showed that with introducing Cu into DLC films, the residual compressive stress decreased firstly and then increased for each case with the obvious deterioration of mechanical properties, which was in agreement with the experimental results. Structural analysis revealed that the weak Cu-C bond and the relaxation of both the distorted bond angles and bond lengths accounted for the significant reduction of residual compressive stress, while at the higher Cu concentration the increase of residual stress attributed to the existence of distorted Cu-C structures and the increased fraction of distorted C-C bond lengths.

  2. Mechanical properties of carbynes investigated by ab initio total-energy calculations

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Castelli, Ivano E.; Salvestrini, Paolo; Manini, Nicola

    2012-01-01

    As sp carbon chains (carbynes) are relatively rigid molecular objects, can we exploit them as construction elements in nanomechanics? To answer this question, we investigate their remarkable mechanical properties by ab initio total-energy simulations. In particular, we evaluate their linear...

  3. The hydrogen abstraction reaction O(3P) + CH4: A new analytical potential energy surface based on fit to ab initio calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    González-Lavado, Eloisa; Corchado, Jose C.; Espinosa-Garcia, Joaquin

    2014-01-01

    Based exclusively on high-level ab initio calculations, a new full-dimensional analytical potential energy surface (PES-2014) for the gas-phase reaction of hydrogen abstraction from methane by an oxygen atom is developed. The ab initio information employed in the fit includes properties (equilibrium geometries, relative energies, and vibrational frequencies) of the reactants, products, saddle point, points on the reaction path, and points on the reaction swath, taking especial caution respecting the location and characterization of the intermediate complexes in the entrance and exit channels. By comparing with the reference results we show that the resulting PES-2014 reproduces reasonably well the whole set of ab initio data used in the fitting, obtained at the CCSD(T) = FULL/aug-cc-pVQZ//CCSD(T) = FC/cc-pVTZ single point level, which represents a severe test of the new surface. As a first application, on this analytical surface we perform an extensive dynamics study using quasi-classical trajectory calculations, comparing the results with recent experimental and theoretical data. The excitation function increases with energy (concave-up) reproducing experimental and theoretical information, although our values are somewhat larger. The OH rotovibrational distribution is cold in agreement with experiment. Finally, our results reproduce experimental backward scattering distribution, associated to a rebound mechanism. These results lend confidence to the accuracy of the new surface, which substantially improves the results obtained with our previous surface (PES-2000) for the same system

  4. Ab initio effective core potentials for molecular calculations. Potentials for main group elements Na to Bi

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wadt, W.R.; Hay, P.J.

    1985-01-01

    A consistent set of ab initio effective core potentials (ECP) has been generated for the main group elements from Na to Bi using the procedure originally developed by Kahn. The ECP's are derived from all-electron numerical Hartree--Fock atomic wave functions and fit to analytical representations for use in molecular calculations. For Rb to Bi the ECP's are generated from the relativistic Hartree--Fock atomic wave functions of Cowan which incorporate the Darwin and mass--velocity terms. Energy-optimized valence basis sets of (3s3p) primitive Gaussians are presented for use with the ECP's. Comparisons between all-electron and valence-electron ECP calculations are presented for NaF, NaCl, Cl 2 , Cl 2 - , Br 2 , Br 2 - , and Xe 2 + . The results show that the average errors introduced by the ECP's are generally only a few percent

  5. Electric field gradient in FeTiO3 by nuclear magnetic resonance and ab initio calculations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Procházka, V; Stěpánková, H; Chlan, V; Tuček, J; Cuda, J; Kouřil, K; Filip, J; Zbořil, R

    2011-05-25

    Temperature dependence of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of (47)Ti and (49)Ti in polycrystalline ilmenite FeTiO(3) was measured in the range from 5 to 300 K under an external magnetic field of 9.401 T. NMR spectra collected between 300 and 77 K exhibit a resolved quadrupole splitting. The electric field gradient (EFG) tensor was evaluated for Ti nuclei and the ratio of (47)Ti and (49)Ti nuclear quadrupole moments was refined during the fitting procedure. Below 77 K, the fine structure of quadrupole splitting disappears due to the enormous increase of anisotropy. As a counterpart, ab initio calculations were performed using full potential augmented plane waves + local orbitals. The calculated EFG tensors for Ti and Fe were compared to the experimental ones evaluated from NMR and the Mössbauer spectroscopy experiments.

  6. Single-ion 4f element magnetism: an ab-initio look at Ln(COT)2(-).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gendron, Frédéric; Pritchard, Benjamin; Bolvin, Hélène; Autschbach, Jochen

    2015-12-14

    The electron densities associated with the Ln 4f shell, and spin and orbital magnetizations ('magnetic moment densities'), are investigated for the Ln(COT)2(-) series. The densities are obtained from ab-initio calculations including spin-orbit coupling. For Ln = Ce, Pr the magnetizations are also derived from crystal field models and shown to agree with the ab-initio results. Analysis of magnetizations from ab-initio calculations may be useful in assisting research on single molecule magnets.

  7. Ab initio calculations of the electronic structure and bonding characteristics of LaB6

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hossain, Faruque M.; Riley, Daniel P.; Murch, Graeme E.

    2005-01-01

    Lanthanum hexaboride (LaB 6 , NIST SRM-660a) is widely used as a standard reference material for calibrating the line position and line shape parameters of powder diffraction instruments. The accuracy of this calibration technique is highly dependent on how completely the reference material is characterized. Critical to x-ray diffraction, this understanding must include the valence of the La atomic position, which in turn will influence the x-ray form factor (f) and hence the diffracted intensities. The electronic structure and bonding properties of LaB 6 have been investigated using ab initio plane-wave pseudopotential total energy calculations. The electronic properties and atomic bonding characteristics were analyzed by estimating the energy band structure and the density of states around the Fermi energy level. The calculated energy band structure is consistent with previously reported experimental findings; de Haas-van Alphen and two-dimensional angular correlation of electron-positron annihilation radiation. In addition, the bond strengths and types of atomic bonds in the LaB 6 compound were estimated by analyzing the Mulliken charge density population. The calculated result revealed the coexistence of covalent, ionic, and metallic bonding in the LaB 6 system and partially explains its high efficiency as a thermionic emitter

  8. Ab initio calculations on hydrogen storage in porous carbons

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Maresca, O.; Marinelli, F.; Pellenq, R.J.M.; Duclaux, L.; Azais, Ph.; Conard, J.

    2005-01-01

    We have investigated through ab initio computations the possible ways to achieve efficient hydrogen storage on carbons. Firstly, we have considered how the curvature of a carbon surface could affect the chemisorption of atomic H 0 Secondly, we show that electron donor elements such as Li and K, used as dopants for the carbon substrate, strongly enhance the physi-sorption energy of H 2 , allowing in principle its storage in this type of material at room temperature under mild conditions of pressure. (authors)

  9. Modeling Disordered Materials with a High Throughput ab-initio Approach

    Science.gov (United States)

    2015-11-13

    Modeling Disordered Materials with a High Throughput ab - initio Approach Kesong Yang,1 Corey Oses,2 and Stefano Curtarolo3, 4 1Department of...J. Furthmüller, Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set, Phys. Rev. B 54, 11169–11186 (1996

  10. All-electron ab initio calculations of YBa2Cu3O7 with self-consistence crystal field

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    刘洪霖; 陈念贻

    1995-01-01

    The quantum chemical calculations of cluster YBa2Cu3O7 considering all electrons have been per-formed by using the ab initio HF method with self-consistence crystal field.A Hartree-Fork surface potentialis proposed to make an asymmetric duster model possess a relatively symmetric potential field and to obtaina relatively symmetric electronic structure,electronic distributions,frontier orbitals,and bond order,etc.Thesuggestions that there exists a covalent bonding complex,[CuO2-O-CuO-O-Cu2]6,8-,in the cell unit ofthe crystal,and the cell units are connected with each other by ionic bonds along the c direction of the crys-tal lattice are offered based on the chemical bonding characteristics from the calculated results.The importantcontribution of the apical oxygen to superconductivities is emphasized as well.

  11. Ab initio model of porous periclase

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Drummond, Neil D.; Swift, Damian C.; Ackland, Graeme J.

    2004-01-01

    A two-phase equilibrium equation of state (EOS) for periclase (MgO) was constructed using ab initio quantum mechanics, including a rigorous calculation of quasiharmonic phonon modes. Much of the shock wave data reported for periclase is on porous material. We compared the theoretical EOS with porous data using a simple 'snowplough' treatment and also a model using finite equilibration rates suitable for continuum mechanics simulations. (This model has been applied previously to various heterogeneous explosives as well as other porous materials.) The results were consistent and matched the data well at pressures above the regime affected by strength - and ramp-wave formation - during compaction. Ab initio predictions of the response of porous material have been cited recently as a novel and advanced capability; we feel that this is a fairly routine extension to established ab initio techniques

  12. Force fields for silicas and aluminophosphates based on ab initio calculations

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Beest, van B.W.H.; Kramer, G.J.; Santen, van R.A.

    1990-01-01

    Authors address the problem of finding interat. force fields for silicas from ab initio calcns. on small clusters. The force field cannot be detd. from cluster data alone; incorporation of bulk-system information into the force field remains essential. Bearing this in mind, authors derive a force

  13. Ti, Al and N adatom adsorption and diffusion on rocksalt cubic AlN (001) and (011) surfaces: Ab initio calculations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mastail, C.; David, M.; Nita, F.; Michel, A.; Abadias, G.

    2017-11-01

    We use ab initio calculations to determine the preferred nucleation sites and migration pathways of Ti, Al and N adatoms on cubic NaCl-structure (B1) AlN surfaces, primary inputs towards a further thin film growth modelling of the TiAlN alloy system. The potential energy landscape is mapped out for both metallic species and nitrogen adatoms for two different AlN surface orientations, (001) and (110), using density functional theory. For all species, the adsorption energies on AlN(011) surface are larger than on AlN(001) surface. Ti and Al adatom adsorption energy landscapes determined at 0 K by ab initio show similar features, with stable binding sites being located in, or near, epitaxial surface positions, with Ti showing a stronger binding compared to Al. In direct contrast, N adatoms (Nad) adsorb preferentially close to N surface atoms (Nsurf), thus forming strong N2-molecule-like bonds on both AlN(001) and (011). Similar to N2 desorption mechanisms reported for other cubic transition metal nitride surfaces, in the present work we investigate Nad/Nsurf desorption on AlN(011) using a drag calculation method. We show that this process leaves a Nsurf vacancy accompanied with a spontaneous surface reconstruction, highlighting faceting formation during growth.

  14. Multiple time step integrators in ab initio molecular dynamics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Luehr, Nathan; Martínez, Todd J.; Markland, Thomas E.

    2014-01-01

    Multiple time-scale algorithms exploit the natural separation of time-scales in chemical systems to greatly accelerate the efficiency of molecular dynamics simulations. Although the utility of these methods in systems where the interactions are described by empirical potentials is now well established, their application to ab initio molecular dynamics calculations has been limited by difficulties associated with splitting the ab initio potential into fast and slowly varying components. Here we present two schemes that enable efficient time-scale separation in ab initio calculations: one based on fragment decomposition and the other on range separation of the Coulomb operator in the electronic Hamiltonian. We demonstrate for both water clusters and a solvated hydroxide ion that multiple time-scale molecular dynamics allows for outer time steps of 2.5 fs, which are as large as those obtained when such schemes are applied to empirical potentials, while still allowing for bonds to be broken and reformed throughout the dynamics. This permits computational speedups of up to 4.4x, compared to standard Born-Oppenheimer ab initio molecular dynamics with a 0.5 fs time step, while maintaining the same energy conservation and accuracy

  15. Study of half-metallic behavior in Sr2CoWO6 perovskite by ab initio DFT calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bonilla, M.; Landinez Tellez, D.A.; Arbey Rodriguez, J.; Aguiar, J. Albino; Roa-Rojas, J.

    2008-01-01

    In this work, we report several ab initio calculations performed for Sr 2 CoWO 6 by means of the density functional theory and the linearized augmented plane wave method for both spin orientations. For calculations, the exchange and correlation potential were treated into the generalized gradient approximation, which permits to consider from the beginning the difference between the electronic densities for both up and down spin orientations. The densities of states are calculated by the histogram method and the positions of Fermi levels are found by integrating over the density of states for both spin configurations. Our results reveal that Sr 2 CoWO 6 material behaves as insulators for the spin-up orientation and conductor for the spin down, as expected for the half-metallic systems. Results of partial densities of states permit to conclude that the conduction band has predominant contributions of d x 2 -y 2 and d xz+yz states of Co for the spin-down orientation. A magnetic moment of 3 μ B was calculated. From the Murnaghan equation state, we also calculate the cell dimensions that minimize the total energy for several configurations

  16. State-dependent electron delocalization dynamics at the solute-solvent interface: soft-x-ray absorption spectroscopy and ab initio calculations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bokarev, Sergey I; Dantz, Marcus; Suljoti, Edlira; Kühn, Oliver; Aziz, Emad F

    2013-08-23

    Nonradiative decay channels in the L-edge fluorescence yield spectra from transition-metal-aqueous solutions give rise to spectral distortions with respect to x-ray transmission spectra. Their origin is unraveled here using partial and inverse partial fluorescence yields on the microjet combined with multireference ab initio electronic structure calculations. Comparing Fe2+, Fe3+, and Co2+ systems we demonstrate and quantify unequivocally the state-dependent electron delocalization within the manifold of d orbitals as one origin of this observation.

  17. Investigation of Iron-based double perovskite oxides on the magnetic phase stability, mechanical, electronic and optical properties via first-principles calculation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rached, H., E-mail: habib_rached@yahoo.fr [Laboratoire des Matériaux Magnétiques, Faculté des Sciences Exactes, Université Djillali Liabès de Sidi Bel-Abbès, Sidi Bel-Abbès, 22000 (Algeria); Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Informatique, Université Hassiba BenBouali de Chlef, Chlef, 02000 (Algeria); Bendaoudia, S. [Laboratoire des Matériaux Magnétiques, Faculté des Sciences Exactes, Université Djillali Liabès de Sidi Bel-Abbès, Sidi Bel-Abbès, 22000 (Algeria); Rached, D., E-mail: rachdj@yahoo.fr [Laboratoire des Matériaux Magnétiques, Faculté des Sciences Exactes, Université Djillali Liabès de Sidi Bel-Abbès, Sidi Bel-Abbès, 22000 (Algeria)

    2017-06-01

    The main goal of the present work is to obtain report on the magnetic phase stability, mechanical, electronic and optical properties of double perovskite oxides Pb{sub 2}FeMO{sub 6} (M = Mo, Re and W) by employing the ab-initio plane-wave method, based on the density functional theory (DFT). The exchange-correlation (XC) energy of electrons was treated using the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof parametrization. The ground-state electronic properties for different magnetic configurations were calculated. The formation enthalpies has been evaluated in order to determinate the stability of our compounds. The independent elastic constants and the related mechanical properties are investigated. The electronic structure calculation reveal the half-metallic ferrimagnets (FiM-HM) for all investigated compounds. The optical constants as the dielectric function, refractive index, optical reflectivity and absorption coefficient were calculated and discussed in detail. Therefore, our compounds are identified as potential candidates for spintronic applications and high performance electronic devices. - Highlights: • Based on the DFT calculation, the Pb{sub 2}FeMO{sub 6} (M = Mo, Re and W) compounds have been investigated. • The ground-state properties are predicted. • The mechanical properties reveals that these compounds are stable against any elastic deformations. • The electronic structures reveals the half-metallic ferrimagnets (FiM-HM) for all investigated compounds.

  18. 3d-4p transitions in the soft X-ray spectra of Mo XIV and of isoelectronic Y to Ag ions from a low-inductance vacuum spark

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Klapisch, M.; Mandelbaum, P.; Schwob, J.L.; Bar-Shalom, A.; Schweitzer, N.

    1981-04-01

    Eight lines of 3d 10 4s - 3d 9 4s4p and 3d 10 4p-3d 9 4p 2 transitions of CuI-like Y XI to Ag XIX ions are identified in the 30-80 A range of spectra emitted from a low-inductance vacuum spark. Identification is based on isoelectronic analysis and comparison with ab-initio relativistic calculations. In the present paper is analyzed the spectra of Mo XIV

  19. Ab initio calculations of dissociative excitation of water and methane molecules upon electron impact at low energies

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gil, T.J.; McCurdy, C.W.; Rescigno, T.N.; Lengsfield, B.H. III

    1994-01-01

    The authors are reporting results of ab-initio calculations of electron-impact excitation of water and methane occurring at scattering energies up to 60 eV. The authors consider dissociative excited states of both systems since the understanding of their chemistry has considerable importance in plasma technology and atmospheric research. In the case of methane the authors are dealing with the promotion of a valence electron into Rydberg orbitals, while in water the excited states have one electron in an antibonding unoccupied valence orbital and support Feshbach resonances. The authors discuss issues related to convergence of the close-coupling expansion in the case of Rydberg excitation, where the authors have coupled up to 16 channels. The practical realization of the calculation within the framework of the complex Kohn variational principle represents merging of quantum chemistry and quantum scattering theory and is also discussed

  20. Using Ab-Initio Calculations to Appraise Stm-Based - and Kink-Formation Energies

    Science.gov (United States)

    Feibelman, Peter J.

    2001-03-01

    Ab-initio total energies can and should be used to test the typically model-dependent results of interpreting STM morphologies. The benefits of such tests are illustrated here by ab-initio energies of step- and kink-formation on Pb and Pt(111) which show that the STM-based values of the kink energies must be revised. On Pt(111), the computed kink-energies for (100)- and (111)-microfacet steps are about 0.25 and 0.18 eV. These results imply a specific ratio of formation energies for the two step types, namely 1.14, in excellent agreement with experiment. If kink-formation actually cost the same energy on the two step types, an inference drawn from scanning probe observations of step wandering,(M. Giesen et al., Surf. Sci. 366, 229(1996).) this ratio ought to be 1. In the case of Pb(111), though computed energies to form (100)- and (111)-microfacet steps agree with measurement, the ab-initio kink-formation energies for the two step types, 41 and 60 meV, are 40-50% below experimental values drawn from STM images.(K. Arenhold et al., Surf. Sci. 424, 271(1999).) The discrepancy results from interpreting the images with a step-stiffness vs. kink-energy relation appropriate to (100) but not (111) surfaces. Good agreement is found when proper account of the trigonal symmetry of Pb(111) is taken in reinterpreting the step-stiffness data.

  1. Ab initio MO study on the thermal stability of 1-phenyl-1H-tetrazoles; Hikeikenteki bunshi kidoho ni yoru 1-Ph-1H tetorazoru yudotai no netsu anteisei hyoka ni kansuru kenkyu

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ono, Yoshio.; Akutsu, Yoshiaki.; Arai, Mitsuru.; Tamura, Masamitsu. [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan). School of Engineering; Matsunaga, Takehiro. [National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research, Tsukuba (Japan)

    1999-06-30

    Ab initio MO calculations of 1-phenyl-1H-tetrazoles were carried out, in order to explain a substituent effects on its high thermal stability and to estimate the thermal stability of the other tetrazoles. Similar to 1H-tetrazole, five bonds in the tetrazole ring have intermediate lengths between single and double bond lengths. Phenyl and tetrazole rings are not both on one plane showing no interaction. Three indexes addopted as a measure of thermal stability indicate that the more equal the bond lengths of the ring are and that the bigger the stabilization energy by ring formation is, the more thermally stable they are. It is found out that there is the relationship between the thermal stability and the ring charge. That is, the more negative the ring charge is, the more thrmally stable the tetrazole is. Also, there is a good relationship between the thermal stability and the energy level of orbital of which orbital is an anti bonding type with respect to the N3-N4 bond. The higher the energy level is, the more thermally stable the tetrazole is. (author)

  2. Summary of workshop 'Theory Meets Industry' - the impact of ab initio solid state calculations on industrial materials research

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wimmer, E

    2008-01-01

    A workshop, 'Theory Meets Industry', was held on 12-14 June 2007 in Vienna, Austria, attended by a well balanced number of academic and industrial scientists from America, Europe, and Japan. The focus was on advances in ab initio solid state calculations and their practical use in industry. The theoretical papers addressed three dominant themes, namely (i) more accurate total energies and electronic excitations (ii) more complex systems, and (iii) more diverse and accurate materials properties. Hybrid functionals give some improvements in energies, but encounter difficulties for metallic systems. Quantum Monte Carlo methods are progressing, but no clear breakthrough is on the horizon. Progress in order-N methods is steady, as is the case for efficient methods for exploring complex energy hypersurfaces and large numbers of structural configurations. The industrial applications were dominated by materials issues in energy conversion systems, the quest for hydrogen storage materials, improvements of electronic and optical properties of microelectronic and display materials, and the simulation of reactions on heterogeneous catalysts. The workshop is a clear testimony that ab initio computations have become an industrial practice with increasingly recognized impact

  3. Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Furfural at the Liquid-Solid Interface

    OpenAIRE

    Sanwu Wang; Hongli Dang; Wenhua Xue; Darwin Shields; Xin Liu; Friederike C. Jentoft; Daniel E. Resasco

    2013-01-01

    The bonding configuration and the heat of adsorption of a furfural molecule on the Pd(111) surface were determined by ab initio density-functional-theory calculations. The dynamics of pure liquid water, the liquid-solid interface formed by liquid water and the Pd(111) surface, as well as furfural at the water-Pd interface, were investigated by ab initio molecular dynamics simulations at finite temperatures. Calculations and simulations suggest that the bonding configurati...

  4. On the calculation of complete dissociation curves of closed-shell pseudo-onedimensional systems via the complete active space method of increments

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Fertitta, E.; Paulus, B. [Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin (Germany); Barcza, G.; Legeza, Ö. [Strongly Correlated Systems “Lendület” Research Group, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, P.O. Box 49, Budapest (Hungary)

    2015-09-21

    The method of increments (MoI) has been employed using the complete active space formalism in order to calculate the dissociation curve of beryllium ring-shaped clusters Be{sub n} of different sizes. Benchmarks obtained through different quantum chemical methods including the ab initio density matrix renormalization group were used to verify the validity of the MoI truncation which showed a reliable behavior for the whole dissociation curve. Moreover we investigated the size dependence of the correlation energy at different interatomic distances in order to extrapolate the values for the periodic chain and to discuss the transition from a metal-like to an insulator-like behavior of the wave function through quantum chemical considerations.

  5. Elasticity and wave velocity in fcc iron (austenite) at elevated temperatures - Experimental verification of ab-initio calculations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hutchinson, Bevis; Malmström, Mikael; Lönnqvist, Johan; Bate, Pete; Ehteshami, Hossein; Korzhavyi, Pavel A

    2018-07-01

    High temperature crystal elasticity constants for face centred cubic austenite are important for interpreting the ultrasonic properties of iron and steels but cannot be determined by normal single crystal methods. Values of these constants have recently been calculated using an ab-initio approach and the present work was carried out to test their applicability using laser-ultrasonic measurements. Steel samples having a known texture were examined at temperatures between 800 °C and 1100 °C to measure the velocity of longitudinal P-waves which were found to be in good agreement with modelled values. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  6. Measurement and Estimation of the 99Mo Production Yield by 100Mo(n,2n)99Mo

    Science.gov (United States)

    Minato, Futoshi; Tsukada, Kazuaki; Sato, Nozomi; Watanabe, Satoshi; Saeki, Hideya; Kawabata, Masako; Hashimoto, Shintaro; Nagai, Yasuki

    2017-11-01

    We, for the first time, measured the yield of 99Mo, the mother nuclide of 99mTc used in nuclear medicine diagnostic procedures, produced by the 100Mo(n,2n)99Mo reaction with accelerator neutrons. The neutrons with a continuous energy spectrum from the thermal energy up to about 40 MeV were provided by the C(d,n) reaction with 40 MeV deuteron beams. It was proved that the 99Mo yield agrees with that estimated by using the latest data on neutrons from the C(d,n) reaction and the evaluated cross section of the 100Mo(n,2n)99Mo reaction given in the Japanese Evaluated Nuclear Data Library. On the basis of the agreement, a systematic calculation was carried out to search for an optimum condition that enables us to produce as much 99Mo as possible with a good 99Mo/100Mo value from an economical point of view. The calculated 99Mo yield from a 150 g 100MoO3 sample indicated that about 30% of the demand for 99Mo in Japan can be met with a single accelerator capable of 40 MeV, 2 mA deuteron beams. Here, by referring to an existing 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) distribution system we assumed that 99mTc radiopharmaceuticals formed after separating 99mTc from 99Mo can be delivered to hospitals from a radiopharmaceutical company within 6 h. The elution of 99mTc from 99Mo twice a day would meet about 50% of the demand for 99Mo.

  7. Conformational and vibrational analysis of 5-hydroxy 2-nitrobenzaldehyde by AB initio hartree-fock, density functional theory calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cinakli, S.; Sert, Y.; Boeyuekata, M.; Ucun, F.

    2010-01-01

    The vibrational spectra of benzaldehyde and its derivatives have been studied earlier. The substitution of a functional group changes the spectra markedly. Recent spectroscopic studies of the benzaldehyde and their derivatives have been motivated because the vibrational spectra are very useful for understanding of specific biological process and in the analysis of relatively complex systems. The optimized molecular structure, vibrational frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments, the total energy calculations, relative energies, the mean vibrational deviations of the two planar O-cis and O-trans roomers of 5-Hydroxy 2-nitrobenzaldehydes have been calculated using ab initio Hartree Fock (HF) and Density Functional Theory (B3LYP) with 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. All computations have been performed on personal computer using the Gaussian 03 program package. The calculations were adapted to Cs symmetries of all the molecules. The O-trans rotomers with lower energy of all the molecules have been found as preferential rotomers in the ground state.

  8. Prediction of high-temperature point defect formation in TiO2 from combined ab initio and thermodynamic calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    He, J.; Behera, R.K.; Finnis, M.W.; Li, X.; Dickey, E.C.; Phillpot, S.R.; Sinnott, S.B.

    2007-01-01

    A computational approach that integrates ab initio electronic structure and thermodynamic calculations is used to determine point defect stability in rutile TiO 2 over a range of temperatures, oxygen partial pressures and stoichiometries. Both donors (titanium interstitials and oxygen vacancies) and acceptors (titanium vacancies) are predicted to have shallow defect transition levels in the electronic-structure calculations. The resulting defect formation energies for all possible charge states are then used in thermodynamic calculations to predict the influence of temperature and oxygen partial pressure on the relative stabilities of the point defects. Their ordering is found to be the same as temperature increases and oxygen partial pressure decreases: titanium vacancy → oxygen vacancy → titanium interstitial. The charges on these defects, however, are quite sensitive to the Fermi level. Finally, the combined formation energies of point defect complexes, including Schottky, Frenkel and anti-Frenkel defects, are predicted to limit the further formation of point defects

  9. Systematic study on the electronic structure and mechanical properties of X2BC (X = Mo, Ti, V, Zr, Nb, Hf, Ta and W)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bolvardi, H; Emmerlich, J; To Baben, M; Music, D; Schneider, J M; Von Appen, J; Dronskowski, R

    2013-01-01

    In this work the electronic structure and mechanical properties of the phases X 2 BC with X =Ti, V, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W (Mo 2 BC-prototype) were studied using ab initio calculations. As the valence electron concentration (VEC) per atom is increased by substitution of the transition metal X, the six very strong bonds between the transition metal and the carbon shift to lower energies relative to the Fermi level, thereby increasing the bulk modulus to values of up to 350 GPa, which corresponds to 93% of the value reported for c-BN. Systems with higher VEC appear to be ductile as inferred from both the more positive Cauchy pressure and the larger value of the bulk to shear modulus ratio (B/G). The more ductile behavior is a result of the more delocalized interatomic interactions due to larger orbital overlap in smaller unit cells. The calculated phase stabilities show an increasing trend as the VEC is decreased. This rather unusual combination of high stiffness and moderate ductility renders X 2 BC compounds with X = Ta, Mo and W as promising candidates for protection of cutting and forming tools.

  10. Electronic states and nature of bonding of the molecule PdGe by all electron ab initio HF–CI calculations and mass spectrometric equilibrium experiments

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Shim, Irene; Kingcade, Joseph E. , Jr.; Gingerich, Karl A.

    1986-01-01

    In the present work we present all-electron ab initio Hartree–Fock (HF) and configuration interaction (CI) calculations of six electronic states of the PdGe molecule. The molecule is predicted to have a 3Pi ground state and two low-lying excited states 3Sigma− and 1Sigma+. The electronic structure...

  11. Irradiation of diffusion couples U-Mo/Al. Thermal calculation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fortis, Ana M.; Mirandou, Monica; Denis, Alicia C.

    2004-01-01

    The development of new low enrichment fuel elements for research reactors has lead to obtaining a number of compounds and alloys where the decrease in the enrichment is compensated by a higher uranium density in the fuel material. This has been achieved in particular with the uranium silicides dispersed in an aluminum matrix, where uranium densities about 4.8 g/cm 3 have been reached. Among the diverse candidate alloys, those of U-Mo with molybdenum content in the range 6 to 10 w % can yield, upon dispersion, to uranium densities of about 8 g/cm 3 . The first irradiation experiments employing these alloys in fuel plates, either dispersed in Al or monolithic revealed certain phenomena which are worthy of further studies. Failures have been detected apparently due to the formation of reaction products between the fissile material and the aluminum matrix, which exhibit a poor irradiation behavior. An experiment was designed which final purpose is to irradiate diffusion couples U-Mo/Al in the RA-3 reactor and to analyze the interaction zone at the working temperatures of the fuel elements. A simple device was built consisting of two Al 6063 blocks which press the U-Mo sample in between, located in an Al capsule. The ensemble is placed in a tube, which can be filled with different gases and introduced in the reactor. For safety reasons temperature predictions are necessary before performing the experiment. To this end, the COSMOS code was used. As a preliminary step and in order to test to exactness of the numerical estimations, two irradiations were performed in the RA-1 reactor with He and N 2 as transference gases. The agreement between the measured and calculated temperatures was good, particularly in the case of He and, along with the numerical predictions for the RA-3 reactor, provides a reliable basis to proceed with the following steps. (author)

  12. Exploring the ab initio/classical free energy perturbation method: The hydration free energy of water

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sakane, Shinichi; Yezdimer, Eric M.; Liu, Wenbin; Barriocanal, Jose A.; Doren, Douglas J.; Wood, Robert H.

    2000-01-01

    The ab initio/classical free energy perturbation (ABC-FEP) method proposed previously by Wood et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 110, 1329 (1999)] uses classical simulations to calculate solvation free energies within an empirical potential model, then applies free energy perturbation theory to determine the effect of changing the empirical solute-solvent interactions to corresponding interactions calculated from ab initio methods. This approach allows accurate calculation of solvation free energies using an atomistic description of the solvent and solute, with interactions calculated from first principles. Results can be obtained at a feasible computational cost without making use of approximations such as a continuum solvent or an empirical cavity formation energy. As such, the method can be used far from ambient conditions, where the empirical parameters needed for approximate theories of solvation may not be available. The sources of error in the ABC-FEP method are the approximations in the ab initio method, the finite sample of configurations, and the classical solvent model. This article explores the accuracy of various approximations used in the ABC-FEP method by comparing to the experimentally well-known free energy of hydration of water at two state points (ambient conditions, and 973.15 K and 600 kg/m3). The TIP4P-FQ model [J. Chem. Phys. 101, 6141 (1994)] is found to be a reliable solvent model for use with this method, even at supercritical conditions. Results depend strongly on the ab initio method used: a gradient-corrected density functional theory is not adequate, but a localized MP2 method yields excellent agreement with experiment. Computational costs are reduced by using a cluster approximation, in which ab initio pair interaction energies are calculated between the solute and up to 60 solvent molecules, while multi-body interactions are calculated with only a small cluster (5 to 12 solvent molecules). Sampling errors for the ab initio contribution to

  13. Ab initio calculation of molecular energies including parity violating interactions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bakasov, A.; Ha Taekyu; Quack, M.

    1995-01-01

    A new approach, RHF-CIS, based on the perturbation of the ground state RHF wave function by the CIS excitations, has been implemented for evaluation of energy of parity violating interaction in molecules, E pv . The earlier approach, RHF-SDE, was based on the perturbation of the RHF ground states by the single-determinant ''excitations'' (SDE). The results obtained show the dramatic difference between E pv values in the RHF-CIS framework and those in the RHF-SDE framework: the E pv values of the RHF-CIS formalism are more than one order of magnitude greater compared to the RHF-SDE formalism as well as the corresponding tensor components. The maximal total value obtained for hydrogen peroxide in the RHF-CIS framework is 3.661 X 10 -19 E H (DZ ** basis set) while the maximal E pv value for the RHF-SDE formalism is just 3.635 X 10 -20 E H (TZ basis set). It is remarkable that both in the RFH-CIS and in the RHF-SDE approaches the diagonal tensor components of E pv strictly follow the geometry of a molecule and are always different from zero at chiral conformations. The zeros of the total E pv at chiral geometries are now found to be the results of the interplay between the diagonal tensor components values. We have carried out exhaustive analysis of the RHF-SDE formalism and found that it is not sufficiently accurate for studies of E pv . To this end, we have completely reproduced the previous work, which has been done in the RHF-SDE frame-work, and developed it further, studying how the RHF-SDE results vary when changing size and quality of basis sets. This last resource does not save the RHF-SDE formalism for evaluations of E pv from the general failure. Packages of FORTRAN routines called ENWEAK/RHFSDE-93 and ENWEAK/RHFCIS-94 have been developed which run on top of an ab initio MO package. We used 6-31G and 6-31G**, DZ and DZ**, TZ and TZ**, and (10s, 6p,**) basis sets. We will discuss the importance of the present results for possible measurement of the parity

  14. Molybdenum(VI) Oxosulfato Complexes in MoO3–K2S2O7–K2SO4 Molten Mixtures: Stoichiometry, Vibrational Properties, and Molecular Structures

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Kalampounias, Angelos G.; Tsilomelekis, George; Berg, Rolf W.

    2012-01-01

    effects were explored in the XMoO30 = 0–0.5 range. MoO3 undergoes a dissolution reaction in molten K2S2O7, and the Raman spectra point to the formation of molybdenum(VI) oxosulfato complexes. The MoO stretching region of the Raman spectrum provides sound evidence for the occurrence of a dioxo Mo(O)2...... configuration as a core. The stoichiometry of the dissolution reaction MoO3 + nS2O72– → C2n– was inferred by exploiting the Raman band intensities, and it was found that n = 1. Therefore, depending on the MoO3 content, monomeric MoO2(SO4)22– and/or associated [MoO2(SO4)2]m2m– complexes are formed in the binary...... with ab initio quantum chemical calculations carried out on [MoO2(SO4)3]4– and [{MoO2}2(SO4)4(μ-SO4)2]8– ions, in assumed isolated gaseous free states, at the DFT/B3LYP (HF) level and with the 3-21G basis set. The calculations included determination of vibrational infrared and Raman spectra, by use...

  15. Ab initio electronic structure calculations for Mn linear chains deposited on CuN/Cu(001) surfaces

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Barral, Maria Andrea; Weht, Ruben; Lozano, Gustavo; Maria Llois, Ana

    2007-01-01

    In a recent experiment, scanning tunneling microscopy has been used to obtain a direct probe of the magnetic interaction in linear manganese chains arranged by atomic manipulation on thin insulating copper nitride islands grown on Cu(001). The local spin excitation spectra of these chains have been measured with inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy. Analyzing the spectroscopic results with a Heisenberg Hamiltonian the interatomic coupling strength within the chains has been obtained. It has been found that the coupling strength depends on the deposition sites of the Mn atoms on the islands. In this contribution, we perform ab initio calculations for different arrangements of infinite Mn chains on CuN in order to understand the influence of the environment on the value of the magnetic interactions

  16. Dielectric Response and Born Dynamic Charge of BN Nanotubes from Ab Initio Finite Electric Field Calculations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Guo, Guang-Yu; Ishibashi, Shoji; Tamura, Tomoyuki; Terakura, Kiyoyuki

    2007-03-01

    Since the discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in 1991 by Iijima, carbon and other nanotubes have attracted considerable interest worldwide because of their unusual properties and also great potentials for technological applications. Though CNTs continue to attract great interest, other nanotubes such as BN nanotubes (BN-NTs) may offer different opportunities that CNTs cannot provide. In this contribution, we present the results of our recent systematic ab initio calculations of the static dielectric constant, electric polarizability, Born dynamical charge, electrostriction coefficient and piezoelectric constant of BN-NTs using the latest crystalline finite electric field theory [1]. [1] I. Souza, J. Iniguez, and D. Vanderbilt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 117602 (2002); P. Umari and A. Pasquarello, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 157602 (2002).

  17. Elastic properties of fcc Fe-Mn-X (X = Cr, Co, Ni, Cu) alloys studied by the combinatorial thin film approach and ab initio calculations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Reeh, S; Kasprzak, M; Klusmann, C D; Stalf, F; Music, D; Ekholm, M; Abrikosov, I A; Schneider, J M

    2013-06-19

    The elastic properties of fcc Fe-Mn-X (X = Cr, Co, Ni, Cu) alloys with additions of up to 8 at.% X were studied by combinatorial thin film growth and characterization and by ab initio calculations using the disordered local moments (DLM) approach. The lattice parameter and Young's modulus values change only marginally with X. The calculations and experiments are in good agreement. We demonstrate that the elastic properties of transition metal alloyed Fe-Mn can be predicted by the DLM model.

  18. A self-consistent MoD-WM/MM structural refinement method: characterization of hydrogen bonding in the orytricha nova G-1uar

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Batista, Enrique R [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Newcomer, Micharel B [YALE UNIV; Raggin, Christina M [YALE UNIV; Gascon, Jose A [YALE UNIV; Loria, J Patrick [YALE UNIV; Batista, Victor S [YALE UNIV

    2008-01-01

    This paper generalizes the MoD-QM/MM hybrid method, developed for ab initio computations of protein electrostatic potentials [Gasc6n, l.A.; Leung, S.S.F.; Batista, E.R.; Batista, V.S. J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2006,2, 175-186], as a practical algorithm for structural refinement of extended systems. The computational protocol involves a space-domain decomposition scheme for the formal fragmentation of extended systems into smaller, partially overlapping, molecular domains and the iterative self-consistent energy minimization of the constituent domains by relaxation of their geometry and electronic structure. The method accounts for mutual polarization of the molecular domains, modeled as Quantum-Mechanical (QM) layers embedded in the otherwise classical Molecular-Mechanics (MM) environment according to QM/MM hybrid methods. The method is applied to the description of benchmark models systems that allow for direct comparisons with full QM calculations, and subsequently applied to the structural characterization of the DNA Oxytricha nova Guanine quadruplex (G4). The resulting MoD-QM/MM structural model of the DNA G4 is compared to recently reported highresolution X-ray diffraction and NMR models, and partially validated by direct comparisons between {sup 1}H NMR chemical shifts that are highly sensitive to hydrogen-bonding and stacking interactions and the corresponding theoretical values obtained at the density functional theory DFT QM/MM (BH&H/6-31 G*:Amber) level in conjunction with the gauge independent atomic orbital (GIAO) method for the ab initio self consistent-field (SCF) calculation of NMR chemical shifts.

  19. Efficient "on-the-fly" calculation of Raman spectra from ab-initio molecular dynamics: Application to hydrophobic/hydrophilic solutes in bulk water.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Partovi-Azar, Pouya; Kühne, Thomas D

    2015-11-05

    We present a novel computational method to accurately calculate Raman spectra from first principles. Together with an extension of the second-generation Car-Parrinello method of Kühne et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 2007, 98, 066401) to propagate maximally localized Wannier functions together with the nuclei, a speed-up of one order of magnitude can be observed. This scheme thus allows to routinely calculate finite-temperature Raman spectra "on-the-fly" by means of ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations. To demonstrate the predictive power of this approach we investigate the effect of hydrophobic and hydrophilic solutes in water solution on the infrared and Raman spectra. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  20. WatAA: Atlas of Protein Hydration. Exploring synergies between data mining and ab initio calculations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Černý, Jiří; Schneider, Bohdan; Biedermannová, Lada

    2017-07-14

    Water molecules represent an integral part of proteins and a key determinant of protein structure, dynamics and function. WatAA is a newly developed, web-based atlas of amino-acid hydration in proteins. The atlas provides information about the ordered first hydration shell of the most populated amino-acid conformers in proteins. The data presented in the atlas are drawn from two sources: experimental data and ab initio quantum-mechanics calculations. The experimental part is based on a data-mining study of a large set of high-resolution protein crystal structures. The crystal-derived data include 3D maps of water distribution around amino-acids and probability of occurrence of each of the identified hydration sites. The quantum mechanics calculations validate and extend this primary description by optimizing the water position for each hydration site, by providing hydrogen atom positions and by quantifying the interaction energy that stabilizes the water molecule at the particular hydration site position. The calculations show that the majority of experimentally derived hydration sites are positioned near local energy minima for water, and the calculated interaction energies help to assess the preference of water for the individual hydration sites. We propose that the atlas can be used to validate water placement in electron density maps in crystallographic refinement, to locate water molecules mediating protein-ligand interactions in drug design, and to prepare and evaluate molecular dynamics simulations. WatAA: Atlas of Protein Hydration is freely available without login at .

  1. Tunable redox potential of nonmetal doped monolayer MoS{sub 2}: First principle calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Lu, S. [Center for Coordination Bond Engineering, China Jiliang University (China); Li, C., E-mail: canli1983@gmail.com [Center for Coordination Bond Engineering, China Jiliang University (China); School of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University (China); Zhao, Y.F.; Gong, Y.Y.; Niu, L.Y.; Liu, X.J. [Center for Coordination Bond Engineering, China Jiliang University (China)

    2016-10-30

    Graphical abstract: Both E{sub CBM} and E{sub VBM} values are affected by the chemical valences of dopants, which also affect the redox potentials of specimens. Compared to the pristine monolayer MoS{sub 2}, the nonmetal ions with odd chemical valences [monovalent (H{sup +}, F{sup –}, Cl{sup –}, Br{sup –} and I{sup –}), trivalent (N{sup 3–}, P{sup 3–} and As{sup 3–}) and pentavalence (B{sup 5–})] enhance the oxidation potential and reduce the reduction potential of specimens, but the nonmetal ions with even chemical valences [divalent (O{sup 2–}, Se{sup 2–} and Te{sup 2–}) and quadravalent (C{sup 4–} and Si{sup 4–})] have the opposite effects on the redox potentials. Display Omitted - Highlights: • The newly formed chemical bonds affect the electronic distribution around the dopants and the nearby Mo atoms. • Compared to pristine monolayer MoS{sub 2}, the nonmetal ions with odd (even) chemical valences enhance (reduce) the oxidation potential and reduce (enhance) the reduction potential of specimens. • The lone pair electrons in nonmetal ions with odd chemical valences extra interact with the Mo ions which reduces the E{sub CBM} and E{sub VBM} values of specimens. - Abstract: Doping is an effective method to alter the electronic behavior of materials by forming new chemical bonds and bringing bond relaxation. With this aid of first principle calculations, the crystal configuration and electronic properties of monolayer MoS{sub 2} have been modulated by the nonmetal (NM) dopants (H, B, C, N, O, F, Si, P, Cl, As, Se, Br, Te and I), and the thermodynamic stability depending on the preparation conditions (Mo-rich and S-rich conditions) were discussed. Results shown that, the NM dopants substituted preferentially for S under Mo-rich condition, the electronic distribution around the dopants and the nearby Mo atoms are changed by the new formed Mo-NM bonds and bands relaxation. Compared to pristine monolayer MoS{sub 2}, the NM ions with odd

  2. Summary of workshop 'Theory Meets Industry'—the impact of ab initio solid state calculations on industrial materials research

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wimmer, E.

    2008-02-01

    A workshop, 'Theory Meets Industry', was held on 12-14 June 2007 in Vienna, Austria, attended by a well balanced number of academic and industrial scientists from America, Europe, and Japan. The focus was on advances in ab initio solid state calculations and their practical use in industry. The theoretical papers addressed three dominant themes, namely (i) more accurate total energies and electronic excitations, (ii) more complex systems, and (iii) more diverse and accurate materials properties. Hybrid functionals give some improvements in energies, but encounter difficulties for metallic systems. Quantum Monte Carlo methods are progressing, but no clear breakthrough is on the horizon. Progress in order-N methods is steady, as is the case for efficient methods for exploring complex energy hypersurfaces and large numbers of structural configurations. The industrial applications were dominated by materials issues in energy conversion systems, the quest for hydrogen storage materials, improvements of electronic and optical properties of microelectronic and display materials, and the simulation of reactions on heterogeneous catalysts. The workshop is a clear testimony that ab initio computations have become an industrial practice with increasingly recognized impact.

  3. Bicanonical ab Initio Molecular Dynamics for Open Systems.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Frenzel, Johannes; Meyer, Bernd; Marx, Dominik

    2017-08-08

    Performing ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of open systems, where the chemical potential rather than the number of both nuclei and electrons is fixed, still is a challenge. Here, drawing on bicanonical sampling ideas introduced two decades ago by Swope and Andersen [ J. Chem. Phys. 1995 , 102 , 2851 - 2863 ] to calculate chemical potentials of liquids and solids, an ab initio simulation technique is devised, which introduces a fictitious dynamics of two superimposed but otherwise independent periodic systems including full electronic structure, such that either the chemical potential or the average fractional particle number of a specific chemical species can be kept constant. As proof of concept, we demonstrate that solvation free energies can be computed from these bicanonical ab initio simulations upon directly superimposing pure bulk water and the respective aqueous solution being the two limiting systems. The method is useful in many circumstances, for instance for studying heterogeneous catalytic processes taking place on surfaces where the chemical potential of reactants rather than their number is controlled and opens a pathway toward ab initio simulations at constant electrochemical potential.

  4. Experimental and ab initio DFT calculated Raman Spectrum of Sudan I, a Red Dye

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Kunov-Kruse, Andreas Jonas; Kristensen, Steffen Buus; Liu, Chuan

    2011-01-01

    The red dye Sudan I was investigated by Raman spectroscopy using different excitation wavelengths (1064, 532 and 244 nm). A calculation of the Raman spectrum based on quantum mechanical ab initio density functional theory (DFT) was made using the RB3LYP method with the 3-21G and 6-311+G(d,p) basis...... of the Sudan I molecule was involved in the majority of the vibrations through N N and C–N stretching and various bending modes. Low-intensity bands in the lower wavenumber range (at about 721, 616, 463 and 218 cm−1) were selectively enhanced by the resonance Raman effect when using the 532 nm excitation line....... Comparison was made with other azo dyes in the literature on natural, abundant plant pigments. The results show that there is a possibility in foodstuff analysis to distinguish Sudan I from other dyes by using Raman spectroscopy with more than one laser wavelength for resonance enhancement of the different...

  5. Electron transport in all-Heusler Co2CrSi/Cu2CrAl/Co2CrSi device, based on ab-initio NEGF calculations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mikaeilzadeh, L.; Pirgholi, M.; Tavana, A.

    2018-05-01

    Based on the ab-initio non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) formalism based on the density functional theory (DFT), we have studied the electron transport in the all-Heusler device Co2CrSi/Cu2CrAl/Co2CrSi. Results show that the calculated transmission spectra is very sensitive to the structural parameters and the interface. Also, we obtain a range for the thickness of the spacer layer for which the MR effect is optimum. Calculations also show a perfect GMR effect in this device.

  6. Elastic properties of fcc Fe–Mn–X (X = Cr, Co, Ni, Cu) alloys studied by the combinatorial thin film approach and ab initio calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Reeh, S; Kasprzak, M; Klusmann, C D; Stalf, F; Music, D; Schneider, J M; Ekholm, M; Abrikosov, I A

    2013-01-01

    The elastic properties of fcc Fe–Mn–X (X = Cr, Co, Ni, Cu) alloys with additions of up to 8 at.% X were studied by combinatorial thin film growth and characterization and by ab initio calculations using the disordered local moments (DLM) approach. The lattice parameter and Young’s modulus values change only marginally with X. The calculations and experiments are in good agreement. We demonstrate that the elastic properties of transition metal alloyed Fe–Mn can be predicted by the DLM model. (paper)

  7. Vibrational spectrum, ab initio calculations, conformational stabilities and assignment of fundamentals of 1,2-dibromopropane

    Science.gov (United States)

    LaPlante, Arthur J.; Stidham, Howard D.

    2009-10-01

    The mid and far infrared and the Raman spectrum of 1,2-dibromopropane is reported in solid, liquid and gas. Several bands reported by earlier workers are not present in the spectrum of the purified material. Ab initio calculations of optimized geometry, energy, dipole moment, molar volume, vibrational spectrum and normal coordinate calculation were performed using the density functional B3LYP/6-311++g(3df,2pd), and the results used to assist a complete assignment of the 81 fundamental modes of vibrations of the three conformers of 1,2-dibromopropane. Relative energies found conformer A the lowest with G and G' at 815.6 and 871.4 cm -1 higher. The temperature dependence of the Raman spectrum of the liquid was investigated in the CCC bending region and the relative energies determined. It was found that the G' and G conformers lie 236 ± 11 and 327 ±11 cm -1, respectively above the A conformer, leading to the room temperature composition of the liquid as A, 65 ± 1; G', 21 ± 1; G, 14 ± 1%. It is apparent that the calculated highest energy conformer G' is stabilized more than the G conformer in the liquid. The G' conformer has the lowest molar volume effectively changing the interaction distance between conformers in the liquid, and enhancing the effect of its dipole moment.

  8. RHFPPP, SCF-LCAO-MO Calculation for Closed Shell and Open Shell Organic Molecules

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bieber, A.; Andre, J.J.

    1987-01-01

    1 - Nature of physical problem solved: Complete program performs SCF-LCAO-MO calculations for both closed and open-shell organic pi-molecules. The Pariser-Parr-People approximations are used with- in the framework of the restricted Hartree-Fock method. The SCF calculation is followed, if desired, by a variational configuration interaction (CI) calculation including singly excited configurations. 2 - Method of solution: A standard procedure is used; at each step a real symmetric matrix has to be diagonalized. The self-consistency is checked by comparing the eigenvectors between two consecutive steps. 3 - Restrictions on the complexity of the problem: i) The calculations are restricted to planar molecules. ii) In order to avoid accumulation of round-off errors, in the iterative procedure, double precision arithmetic is used. iii) The program is restricted to systems up to about 16 atoms; however the size of the systems can easily be modified if required

  9. A force-matching Stillinger-Weber potential for MoS2: Parameterization and Fisher information theory based sensitivity analysis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wen, Mingjian; Shirodkar, Sharmila N.; Plecháč, Petr; Kaxiras, Efthimios; Elliott, Ryan S.; Tadmor, Ellad B.

    2017-12-01

    Two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is a promising material for the next generation of switchable transistors and photodetectors. In order to perform large-scale molecular simulations of the mechanical and thermal behavior of MoS2-based devices, an accurate interatomic potential is required. To this end, we have developed a Stillinger-Weber potential for monolayer MoS2. The potential parameters are optimized to reproduce the geometry (bond lengths and bond angles) of MoS2 in its equilibrium state and to match as closely as possible the forces acting on the atoms along a dynamical trajectory obtained from ab initio molecular dynamics. Verification calculations indicate that the new potential accurately predicts important material properties including the strain dependence of the cohesive energy, the elastic constants, and the linear thermal expansion coefficient. The uncertainty in the potential parameters is determined using a Fisher information theory analysis. It is found that the parameters are fully identified, and none are redundant. In addition, the Fisher information matrix provides uncertainty bounds for predictions of the potential for new properties. As an example, bounds on the average vibrational thickness of a MoS2 monolayer at finite temperature are computed and found to be consistent with the results from a molecular dynamics simulation. The new potential is available through the OpenKIM interatomic potential repository at https://openkim.org/cite/MO_201919462778_000.

  10. Recent Progress in GW-based Methods for Excited-State Calculations of Reduced Dimensional Systems

    Science.gov (United States)

    da Jornada, Felipe H.

    2015-03-01

    Ab initio calculations of excited-state phenomena within the GW and GW-Bethe-Salpeter equation (GW-BSE) approaches allow one to accurately study the electronic and optical properties of various materials, including systems with reduced dimensionality. However, several challenges arise when dealing with complicated nanostructures where the electronic screening is strongly spatially and directionally dependent. In this talk, we discuss some recent developments to address these issues. First, we turn to the slow convergence of quasiparticle energies and exciton binding energies with respect to k-point sampling. This is very effectively dealt with using a new hybrid sampling scheme, which results in savings of several orders of magnitude in computation time. A new ab initio method is also developed to incorporate substrate screening into GW and GW-BSE calculations. These two methods have been applied to mono- and few-layer MoSe2, and yielded strong environmental dependent behaviors in good agreement with experiment. Other issues that arise in confined systems and materials with reduced dimensionality, such as the effect of the Tamm-Dancoff approximation to GW-BSE, and the calculation of non-radiative exciton lifetime, are also addressed. These developments have been efficiently implemented and successfully applied to real systems in an ab initio framework using the BerkeleyGW package. I would like to acknowledge collaborations with Diana Y. Qiu, Steven G. Louie, Meiyue Shao, Chao Yang, and the experimental groups of M. Crommie and F. Wang. This work was supported by Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and by National Science Foundation under Grant No. DMR10-1006184.

  11. An ab initio and TD DFT

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    The photophysical behaviour of N-(2-hydroxy benzylidene) aniline or most commonly known as salicylideneaniline (SA) has been investigated using the ab initio and DFT levels of theory. The quantum chemical calculations show that the optimized non planar enol (1) form of the SA molecule is the most stable conformer ...

  12. Effect of Cu Alloying on S Poisoning of Ni Surfaces and Nanoparticle Morphologies Using Ab-Initio Thermodynamics Calculations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Ji-Su; Kim, Byung-Kook; Kim, Yeong-Cheol

    2015-10-01

    We investigated the effect of Cu alloying on S poisoning of Ni surfaces and nanoparticle morphologies using ab-initio thermodynamics calculations. Based on the Cu segregation energy and the S adsorption energy, the surface energy and nanoparticle morphology of pure Ni, pure Cu, and NiCu alloys were evaluated as functions of the chemical potential of S and the surface orientations of (100), (110), and (111). The constructed nanoparticle morphology was varied as a function of chemical potential of S. We find that the Cu added to Ni for NiCu alloys is strongly segregated into the top surface, and increases the S tolerance of the NiCu nanoparticles.

  13. Ab-initio calculations of Co-based diluted magnetic semiconductors Cd 1-xCoxX (X=S, Se, Te)

    KAUST Repository

    Saeed, Yasir

    2010-10-01

    Ab-initio calculations are performed to investigate the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of spin-polarized diluted magnetic semiconductors composed of IIVI compounds Cd1-xCoxX (X=S, Se, Te) at x=0.25. From the calculated results of band structure and density of states, the half-metallic character and stability of ferromagnetic state for Cd1-xCoxS, Cd1-xCoxSe and Cd 1-xCoxTe alloys are determined. It is found that the tetrahedral crystal field gives rise to triple degeneracy t2g and double degeneracy eg. Furthermore, we predict the values of spin-exchange splitting energies Δx(d) and Δ x(p-d) and exchange constants N0α and N 0β produced by the Co 3d states. Calculated total magnetic moments and the robustness of half-metallicity of Cd1-xCo xX (X=S, Se, Te) with respect to the variation in lattice parameters are also discussed. We also extend our calculations to x=0.50, 0.75 for S compounds in order to observe the change due to increase in Co. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.

  14. First-principles calculations of novel materials

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sun, Jifeng

    Computational material simulation is becoming more and more important as a branch of material science. Depending on the scale of the systems, there are many simulation methods, i.e. first-principles calculation (or ab-initio), molecular dynamics, mesoscale methods and continuum methods. Among them, first-principles calculation, which involves density functional theory (DFT) and based on quantum mechanics, has become to be a reliable tool in condensed matter physics. DFT is a single-electron approximation in solving the many-body problems. Intrinsically speaking, both DFT and ab-initio belong to the first-principles calculation since the theoretical background of ab-initio is Hartree-Fock (HF) approximation and both are aimed at solving the Schrodinger equation of the many-body system using the self-consistent field (SCF) method and calculating the ground state properties. The difference is that DFT introduces parameters either from experiments or from other molecular dynamic (MD) calculations to approximate the expressions of the exchange-correlation terms. The exchange term is accurately calculated but the correlation term is neglected in HF. In this dissertation, DFT based first-principles calculations were performed for all the novel materials and interesting materials introduced. Specifically, the DFT theory together with the rationale behind related properties (e.g. electronic, optical, defect, thermoelectric, magnetic) are introduced in Chapter 2. Starting from Chapter 3 to Chapter 5, several representative materials were studied. In particular, a new semiconducting oxytelluride, Ba2TeO is studied in Chapter 3. Our calculations indicate a direct semiconducting character with a band gap value of 2.43 eV, which agrees well with the optical experiment (˜ 2.93 eV). Moreover, the optical and defects properties of Ba2TeO are also systematically investigated with a view to understanding its potential as an optoelectronic or transparent conducting material. We find

  15. Ab-initio calculations of the Ruddlesden-Popper phases CaMnO3, CaO(CaMnO3) and CaO(CaMnO3)2

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cardoso, C; Borges, R P; Gasche, T; Godinho, M

    2008-01-01

    The present work reports ab-initio density functional theory calculations for the Ruddlesden-Popper phase CaO(CaMnO 3 ) n compounds. In order to study the evolution of the properties with the number of perovskite layers, a detailed analysis of the densities of states calculated for each compound and for several magnetic configurations was performed. The effect of distortions of the crystal structure on the magnetic ground state is also analysed and the exchange constants and transition temperatures are calculated for the three compounds using a mean field model. The calculated magnetic ground state structures and magnetic moments are in good agreement with experimental results and previous calculations

  16. Electronic structure and bonding in the RhC molecule by all-electron ab initio HF–Cl calculations and mass spectrometric measurements

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Shim, Irene; Gingerich, K. A.

    1984-01-01

    In the present study we present all-electron ab initio Hartree–Fock (HF) and configuration interaction (CI) calculations of the 2Sigma+ ground state as well as of 16 excited states of the RhC molecule. The calculated spectroscopic constants of the lowest lying states are in good agreement...... with the experimental data. The chemical bond in the electronic ground state is mainly due to interaction of the 4d orbitals of Rh with the 2s and 2p orbitals of C. The bond is a triple bond composed of two pi bonds and one sigma bond. The 5s electron of Rh hardly participates in the bond formation. It is located...

  17. Ab-initio study on the absorption spectrum of color change sapphire based on first-principles calculations with considering lattice relaxation-effect

    Science.gov (United States)

    Novita, Mega; Nagoshi, Hikari; Sudo, Akiho; Ogasawara, Kazuyoshi

    2018-01-01

    In this study, we performed an investigation on α-Al2O3: V3+ material, or the so-called color change sapphire, based on first-principles calculations without referring to any experimental parameter. The molecular orbital (MO) structure was estimated by the one-electron MO calculations using the discrete variational-Xα (DV-Xα) method. Next, the absorption spectra were estimated by the many-electron calculations using the discrete variational multi-electron (DVME) method. The effect of lattice relaxation on the crystal structures was estimated based on the first-principles band structure calculations. We performed geometry optimizations on the pure α-Al2O3 and with the impurity V3+ ion using Cambridge Serial Total Energy Package (CASTEP) code. The effect of energy corrections such as configuration dependence correction and correlation correction was also investigated in detail. The results revealed that the structural change on the α-Al2O3: V3+ resulted from the geometry optimization improved the calculated absorption spectra. By a combination of both the lattice relaxation-effect and the energy correction-effect improve the agreement to the experiment fact.

  18. Edge termination of MoS2 and CoMoS catalyst particles

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Byskov, Line Sjolte; Nørskov, Jens Kehlet; Clausen, B. S.

    2000-01-01

    The edge termination of MoS2 and CoMoS catalyst particles is studied by density functional calculations. We show that for structures without vacancies Mo-terminated edges have the lowest edge energies. Creation of vacancies, which are believed to be active sites in these catalyst systems, leads...

  19. Ab initio excited states calculations of Kr3+, probing semi-empirical modelling

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Milko, Petr; Kalus, R.; Paidarová, Ivana; Hrušák, Jan; Gadéa, F. X.

    -, 23 June (2009), s. 25 ISSN 1432-2234 R&D Projects: GA AV ČR IAA100400501 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z40400503 Keywords : cluster modelling * rare gas ions * ab initio potential energie * evaporation energies Subject RIV: CF - Physical ; Theoretical Chemistry http://www.springerlink.com/content/100493/?Content+Status=Accepted&sort=p_OnlineDate&sortorder=desc&v=condensed&o=20

  20. 4He Thermophysical Properties: New Ab Initio Calculations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hurly, John J.; Mehl, James B.

    2007-01-01

    Since 2000, atomic physicists have reduced the uncertainty of the helium-helium “ab initio” potential; for example, from approximately 0.6 % to 0.1 % at 4 bohr, and from 0.8 % to 0.1 % at 5.6 bohr. These results led us to: (1) construct a new inter-atomic potential ϕ07, (2) recalculate values of the second virial coefficient, the viscosity, and the thermal conductivity of 4He from 1 K to 10,000 K, and (3), analyze the uncertainties of the thermophysical properties that propagate from the uncertainty of ϕ07 and from the Born-Oppenheimer approximation of the electron-nucleon quantum mechanical system. We correct minor errors in a previous publication [J. J. Hurly and M. R. Moldover, J. Res. Nat. Inst. Standards Technol. 105, 667 (2000)] and compare our results with selected data published after 2000. The ab initio results tabulated here can serve as standards for the measurement of thermophysical properties. PMID:27110456

  1. Ab Initio Calculations of 31P NMR Chemical Shielding Anisotropy Tensors in Phosphates: Variations Due to Ring Formation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Todd M. Alam

    2002-08-01

    Full Text Available Abstract: Ring formation in phosphate systems is expected to influence both the magnitude and orientation of the phosphorus (31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR chemical shielding anisotropy (CSA tensor. Ab initio calculations of the 31P CSA tensor in both cyclic and acyclic phosphate clusters were performed as a function of the number of phosphate tetrahedral in the system. The calculation of the 31P CSA tensors employed the GAUSSIAN 98 implementation of the gauge-including atomic orbital (GIAO method at the Hartree-Fock (HF level. It is shown that both the 31P CSA tensor anisotropy, and the isotropic chemical shielding can be used for the identification of cyclic phosphates. The differences between the 31P CSA tensor in acyclic and cyclic phosphate systems become less pronounced with increasing number of phosphate groups within the ring. The orientation of the principal components for the 31P CSA tensor shows some variation due to cyclization, most notably with the smaller, highly strained ring systems.

  2. Clustering/anticlustering effects on the GeSi Raman spectra at moderate (Ge,Si) contents: Percolation scheme vs. ab initio calculations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Torres, V. J. B.; Hajj Hussein, R.; Pagès, O.; Rayson, M. J.

    2017-02-01

    We test a presumed ability behind the phenomenological percolation scheme used for the basic description of the multi-mode Raman spectra of mixed crystals at one dimension along the linear chain approximation, to determine, via the Raman intensities, the nature of the atom substitution, as to whether this is random or due to local clustering/anticlustering. For doing so, we focus on the model percolation-type GeySi1-y system characterized by six oscillators { 1 × ( G e - G e ) , 3 × ( G e - S i ) , 2 × ( S i - S i ) } and place the study around the critical compositions y ˜ (0.16, 0.71, and 0.84) corresponding to nearly matching of intensities between the like Raman modes from a given multiplet ( G e - S i triplet or S i - S i doublet). The interplay between the GeySi1-y Raman intensities predicted by the percolation scheme depending on a suitable order parameter κ of local clustering/anticlustering is found to be consistent with ab initio calculations of the GeySi1-y Raman spectra done with the Ab Initio Modeling PROgram code using large (64-, 216-, and 512-atoms) disordered cubic supercells matching the required ( y , κ ) values. The actual "percolation vs. ab initio" comparative insight at moderate/dilute-(Ge,Si) limits, with an emphasis on the κ -induced intra-bond transfer of oscillator strength, extends a pioneering one earlier achieved at an intermediate composition ( y ˜ 0.50) by using small (32-atom) supercells [O. Pagès et al., J. Appl. Phys. 114, 033513 (2013)], mainly concerned with the inter-bond transfer of oscillator strength, providing altogether a complete picture.

  3. Full-Dimensional Quantum Calculations of Vibrational Levels of NH4(+) and Isotopomers on An Accurate Ab Initio Potential Energy Surface.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yu, Hua-Gen; Han, Huixian; Guo, Hua

    2016-04-14

    Vibrational energy levels of the ammonium cation (NH4(+)) and its deuterated isotopomers are calculated using a numerically exact kinetic energy operator on a recently developed nine-dimensional permutation invariant semiglobal potential energy surface fitted to a large number of high-level ab initio points. Like CH4, the vibrational levels of NH4(+) and ND4(+) exhibit a polyad structure, characterized by a collective quantum number P = 2(v1 + v3) + v2 + v4. The low-lying vibrational levels of all isotopomers are assigned and the agreement with available experimental data is better than 1 cm(-1).

  4. Ab initio calculations of the electron spectrum and density of states of TlFeS{sub 2} and TlFeSe{sub 2} crystals

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ismayilova, N. A., E-mail: ismayilova-narmin-84@mail.ru; Orudjev, H. S.; Jabarov, S. H. [Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics (Azerbaijan)

    2017-04-15

    The results of ab initio calculations of the electron spectrum of TlFeS{sub 2} and TlFeSe{sub 2} crystals in the antiferromagnetic phase are reported. Calculations are carried out in the context of the density functional theory. The origin of the bands of s, p, and d electron states of Tl, Fe, S, and Se atoms is studied. It is established that, in the antiferromagnetic phase, the crystals possess semiconductor properties. The band gaps are found to be 0.05 and 0.34 eV for TlFeS{sub 2} and TlFeSe{sub 2} crystals, respectively.

  5. Mass spectrometric determination of stability of gaseous BaMoO2, Ba2MoO4, Ba2MoO5, Ba2Mo2O8 molecules

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kudin, L.S.; Balduchchi, Dzh.; Dzhil'i, G.; Gvido, M.

    1982-01-01

    During the mass spectrometric investigation of BaCrO 4 evaporation Cr + , Ba + , BaO + main ions are recorded as well as BaMoO 4 + , BaMoO 3 + , BaMoO 2 + , BaMoO + , BaMoO 4 + , Ba 2 MoO 5 + , BaMo 2 O 8 + ions - the products of ionization of three-component (Ba, Mo, M) molecules, forming as a result of substance chemical interaction with the material of an effusion cell (Mo). Heats of formation of BaMoO 2 , Ba 2 MoO 4 , Ba 2 MoO 5 and Ba 2 Mo 2 O 8 molecules which constituted - 577+-70, -1343+-115, -1464+-70, -2393+-90 k J/mol respectively are determined on the base of the analysis of curves of ionisation efficiency and of reaction heats Ba 2 MoO 5 =BaO+BaMoO 4 , ΔH 0 0 =322+-60 kJ/mol Ba 2 Mo 2 O 8 =2BaMoO 4 , ΔH 0 0 =351+-80 kJ/mol calculated with the use of third low of thermodynamics [ru

  6. Dimethyl methylphosphonate adsorption and decomposition on MoO2 as studied by ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and DFT calculations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Head, Ashley R.; Tsyshevsky, Roman; Trotochaud, Lena; Yu, Yi; Karslıoǧlu, Osman; Eichhorn, Bryan; Kuklja, Maija M.; Bluhm, Hendrik

    2018-04-01

    Organophosphonates range in their toxicity and are used as pesticides, herbicides, and chemical warfare agents (CWAs). Few laboratories are equipped to handle the most toxic molecules, thus simulants such as dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), are used as a first step in studying adsorption and reactivity on materials. Benchmarked by combined experimental and theoretical studies of simulants, calculations offer an opportunity to understand how molecular interactions with a surface changes upon using a CWA. However, most calculations of DMMP and CWAs on surfaces are limited to adsorption studies on clusters of atoms, which may differ markedly from the behavior on bulk solid-state materials with extended surfaces. We have benchmarked our solid-state periodic calculations of DMMP adsorption and reactivity on MoO2 with ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies (APXPS). DMMP is found to interact strongly with a MoO2 film, a model system for the MoO x component in the ASZM-TEDA© gas filtration material. Density functional theory modeling of several adsorption and decomposition mechanisms assist the assignment of APXPS peaks. Our results show that some of the adsorbed DMMP decomposes, with all the products remaining on the surface. The rigorous calculations benchmarked with experiments pave a path to reliable and predictive theoretical studies of CWA interactions with surfaces.

  7. Ab initio study of alanine polypeptide chain twisting

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Solov'yov, Ilia; Yakubovich, Alexander V.; Solov'yov, Andrey V.

    2006-01-01

    chains. These particular degrees of freedom are essential for the characterization of the proteins folding process. Calculations have been carried out within the ab initio theoretical framework based on the density functional theory and accounting for all the electrons in the system. We have determined...

  8. Structural Characterization of MAO and Related Aluminum Complexes. 1. Solid-State 27 Al NMR with Comparison to EFG Tensors from ab Initio Molecular Orbital Calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bryant, Pamela L.; Harwell, Chris; Mrse, Anthony A.; Emery, Earl F.; Gan, Zhedong; Caldwell, Tod; Reyes, Arneil P.; Kuhns, Philip; Hoyt, David W.; Simeral, Larry S.; Hall, Randall W.; Butler, Leslie G.

    2001-11-07

    Aminato and propanolato aluminum clusters with 3-, 4-, and 6-coordinate aluminum sites are studied with three 27Al NMR techniques optimized for large 27Al Quadrupole coupling constants: field-swept, frequency-stepped, and high-field MAS NMR. The 27Al quadrupole coupling constants and asymmetry parameters of molecular species, both experimental and derived from ab initio molecular orbital calculations, are correlated with structure.

  9. Voltage profile, structural prediction, and electronic calculations for MgxMo6S8

    CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

    Kganyago, KR

    2003-03-01

    Full Text Available the binary Mo6S8 and MgAMo6S8 ~see Table III!, the Mo-Mo distances decrease by (0.521)%. This decrease corresponds to an an- isotropic contraction of the Mo6 octahedron. The Mo cluster of the rhombohedral compounds forms an elongated octahe- dron of symmetry...

  10. The Pu–U–Am system: An ab initio informed CALPHAD thermodynamic study

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Perron, A.; Turchi, P.E.A.; Landa, A.; Söderlind, P.; Ravat, B.; Oudot, B.; Delaunay, F.

    2015-01-01

    Highlights: • The ab initio informed CALPHAD assessment of the Am–U system has been realized. • A strong tendency toward phase separation across the whole composition range is predicted. • The ab initio informed Pu–U–Am thermodynamic database has been developed. • The solubility of Am and U in the liquid phase is improved by adding Pu. • The δ-Pu (fcc) phase is strongly stabilized by Am, on the contrary to the bcc phase. - Abstract: Phase diagram and thermodynamic properties of the Am–U system, that are experimentally unknown, are calculated using the CALPHAD method with input from ab initio electronic-structure calculations for the fcc and bcc phases. A strong tendency toward phase separation across the whole composition range is predicted. In addition, ab initio informed Pu–U and Am–Pu thermodynamic assessments are combined to build a Pu–U–Am thermodynamic database. Regarding the Pu-rich corner of the ternary system, predictions indicate that Am acts as a powerful δ-Pu (fcc) stabilizer. In the U-rich corner, similar predictions are made but to a lesser extent. In both cases, the bcc phase is destabilized and the fcc phase is enhanced. Finally, results and methodology are discussed and compared with previous assessments and guidelines are provided for further experimental studies

  11. The Pu–U–Am system: An ab initio informed CALPHAD thermodynamic study

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Perron, A., E-mail: perron1@llnl.gov [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550 (United States); Turchi, P.E.A.; Landa, A.; Söderlind, P. [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550 (United States); Ravat, B.; Oudot, B.; Delaunay, F. [CEA-Centre de Valduc, 21120 Is sur Tille (France)

    2015-03-15

    Highlights: • The ab initio informed CALPHAD assessment of the Am–U system has been realized. • A strong tendency toward phase separation across the whole composition range is predicted. • The ab initio informed Pu–U–Am thermodynamic database has been developed. • The solubility of Am and U in the liquid phase is improved by adding Pu. • The δ-Pu (fcc) phase is strongly stabilized by Am, on the contrary to the bcc phase. - Abstract: Phase diagram and thermodynamic properties of the Am–U system, that are experimentally unknown, are calculated using the CALPHAD method with input from ab initio electronic-structure calculations for the fcc and bcc phases. A strong tendency toward phase separation across the whole composition range is predicted. In addition, ab initio informed Pu–U and Am–Pu thermodynamic assessments are combined to build a Pu–U–Am thermodynamic database. Regarding the Pu-rich corner of the ternary system, predictions indicate that Am acts as a powerful δ-Pu (fcc) stabilizer. In the U-rich corner, similar predictions are made but to a lesser extent. In both cases, the bcc phase is destabilized and the fcc phase is enhanced. Finally, results and methodology are discussed and compared with previous assessments and guidelines are provided for further experimental studies.

  12. Molecular structures and vibrational frequencies of xanthine and its methyl derivatives (caffeine and theobromine) by ab initio Hartree-Fock and density functional theory calculations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ucun, Fatih; Sağlam, Adnan; Güçlü, Vesile

    2007-06-01

    The molecular structures, vibrational frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of xanthine and its methyl derivatives (caffeine and theobromine) have been calculated using ab initio Hartree-Fock (HF) and density functional theory (B3LYP) methods with 6-31G(d, p) basis set level. The calculations were utilized to the CS symmetries of the molecules. The obtained vibrational frequencies and optimised geometric parameters (bond lengths and bond angles) were seen to be well agreement with the experimental data. The used scale factors which have been obtained the ratio of the frequency values of the strongest peaks in the calculated and experimental spectra seem to cause the gained vibrations well corresponding to the experimental ones. Theoretical infrared intensities and Raman activities are also reported.

  13. Prediction of folding preference of 10 kDa silk-like proteins using a Lego approach and ab initio calculations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pohl, Gábor; Beke, Tamás; Borbély, János; Perczel, András

    2006-11-15

    Because of their great flexibility and strength resistance, both spider silks and silkworm silks are of increasing scientific and commercial interest. Despite numerous spectroscopic and theoretical studies, several structural properties at the atomic level have yet to be identified. The present theoretical investigation focuses on these issues by studying three silk-like model peptides: (AG)(64), [(AG)(4)EG](16), and [(AG)(4)PEG](16), using a Lego-type approach to construct these polypeptides. On the basis of these examples it is shown that thermoneutral isodesmic reactions and ab initio calculations provide a capable method to investigate structural properties of repetitive polypeptides. The most probable overall fold schema of these molecules with respect to the type of embedded hairpin structures were determined at the ab initio level of theory (RHF/6-311++G(d,p)//RHF/3-21G). Further on, analysis is carried out on the possible hairpin and turn regions and on their effect on the global fold. In the case of the (AG)(64) model peptide, the optimal beta-sheet/turn ratio was also determined, which provided good support for experimental observations. In addition, lateral shearing of a hairpin "folding unit" was investigated at the quantum chemical level to explain the mechanical properties of spider silk. The unique mechanical characteristics of silk bio-compounds are now investigated at the atomic level.

  14. Studies of urea geometry by means of ab initio methods and computer simulations of liquids

    OpenAIRE

    Cirino, José Jair Vianna; Bertran, Celso Aparecido

    2002-01-01

    A study was carried out on the urea geometries using ab initio calculation and Monte Carlo computational simulation of liquids. The ab initio calculated results showed that urea has a non-planar conformation in the gas phase in which the hydrogen atoms are out of the plane formed by the heavy atoms. Free energies associated to the rotation of the amino groups of urea in water were obtained using the Monte Carlo method in which the thermodynamic perturbation theory is implemented. The magnitud...

  15. Use of ab initio quantum chemical methods in battery technology

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Deiss, E [Paul Scherrer Inst. (PSI), Villigen (Switzerland)

    1997-06-01

    Ab initio quantum chemistry can nowadays predict physical and chemical properties of molecules and solids. An attempt should be made to use this tool more widely for predicting technologically favourable materials. To demonstrate the use of ab initio quantum chemistry in battery technology, the theoretical energy density (energy per volume of active electrode material) and specific energy (energy per mass of active electrode material) of a rechargeable lithium-ion battery consisting of a graphite electrode and a nickel oxide electrode has been calculated with this method. (author) 1 fig., 1 tab., 7 refs.

  16. Oxygen-metal bonding in Ti-bearing compounds from O 1s spectra and ab initio full multiple-scattering calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ziyu Wu; Paris, E.; Langenhorst, F.; Seifert, F.

    2002-01-01

    The O K-edge spectra of a series of Ti-bearing compounds with Ti in diffrent structural and chemical environments have been measured using electron energy-loss spectroscopy and analyzed using ab initio full multiple-scattering (MS) calculations. The near-edge structures arise mainly from covalency by direct and/or indirect interaction between O and metal atoms and between O and Si atoms. The coordination number of the cation and the site symmetry also influence the spectral shape and structures. Using different size clusters around the excited atom in the full MS simulation, it is possible to interpret and assign the features present in the spectra of each compund to its specific atomic arrangement and electronic structure. (au)

  17. Ab initio calculation on the low-lying excited states of Si2+ cation including spin–orbit coupling

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Liu, Yanlei; Zhai, Hongsheng; Zhang, Xiaomei; Liu, Yufang

    2013-01-01

    Highlights: • 24 Λ–S states are correlated to the dissociation limit of Si( 3 P g ) + Si + ( 2 P u ) are first reported. • The dissociation energies of the calculated electronic states are predicted in our work. • It is first time that the entire 54 Ω states generated from the 24 Λ–S states have been studied. • PECs of Λ–S and Ω states are depicted with the aid of avoided crossing rule between the same symmetry. - Abstract: Ab initio all-electron relativistic calculations of the low-lying excited states of Si 2 + have been performed at MRCI+Q/AVQZ level. The calculated electronic states, including 12 doublet and 12 quartet Λ–S states, are correlated to the dissociation limit of Si( 3 P g ) + Si + ( 2 P u ). Spin–orbit interaction is taken into account via the state interaction approach with the full Breit-Pauli Hamiltonian, which causes the entire 24 Λ–S states to split into 54 Ω states. This is the first time that spin–orbit coupling (SOC) calculation has been performed on Si 2 + . The obtained potential energy curves (PECs) of Λ–S and Ω states are respectively depicted with the aid of the avoided crossing rule between the same symmetry. The spectroscopic constants of the bound Λ–S and Ω states are determined, and excellent agreements with the latest theoretical results are achieved

  18. Synthesis, characterization and DFT calculations of electronic and optical properties of CaMoO{sub 4}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bouzidi, Chaker, E-mail: bouzidtc@yahoo.fr [Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Matériaux Minéraux et leurs Applications, Centre National des Recherches en Sciences des Matériaux, BP No.73, 8027 Soliman (Tunisia); Horchani-Naifer, Karima; Khadraoui, Zied [Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Matériaux Minéraux et leurs Applications, Centre National des Recherches en Sciences des Matériaux, BP No.73, 8027 Soliman (Tunisia); Elhouichet, Habib [Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Matériaux Minéraux et leurs Applications, Centre National des Recherches en Sciences des Matériaux, BP No.73, 8027 Soliman (Tunisia); Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis-ElManar ElManar, 2092 Tunis (Tunisia); Ferid, Mokhtar [Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Matériaux Minéraux et leurs Applications, Centre National des Recherches en Sciences des Matériaux, BP No.73, 8027 Soliman (Tunisia)

    2016-09-15

    The electronic and optical properties of calcium molybdate (CaMoO{sub 4}) have been determined by X-ray diffraction, spectroscopic measurements and calculations of energy-band structures, density of states, and optical response functions by density functional theory. The chemical bonding analysis indicates that Mo–O bonds exhibit more covalent character than the Ca–O bond. The linear photon-energy-dependent dielectric functions, conductivity, refractive index, reflectivity and extinction coefficients were investigated and analyzed. The results are in agreement with previous theoretical works and the experimental data. Reflectivity spectra revealed that the CaMoO{sub 4} promises as good coating materials in the energy region of 9.3–11.6 eV with reflectivity larger than 75%.

  19. Ground state hydrogen conformations and vibrational analysis of 1,2-dihdroxyanthraquinone (alizarin) molecule by AB initio Hartree-Fock and density functional theory calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Delta, E.; Ucun, F.; Saglam, A.

    2010-01-01

    The ground state hydrogen conformations of 1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone (alizarin) molecule have been investigated using ab initio Hartree-Fock (HF) and density functional theory (B3LYP) methods with 6-31G(d,p) basis set. The calculations indicate that the compound in the ground state exist with the doubly bonded O atom linked intra molecularly by the two hydrogen bonds. The vibrational analyses of the ground state conformation of the compound were also made and its optimized geometry parameters were given.

  20. ``Phantom'' Modes in Ab Initio Tunneling Calculations: Implications for Theoretical Materials Optimization, Tunneling, and Transport

    Science.gov (United States)

    Barabash, Sergey V.; Pramanik, Dipankar

    2015-03-01

    Development of low-leakage dielectrics for semiconductor industry, together with many other areas of academic and industrial research, increasingly rely upon ab initio tunneling and transport calculations. Complex band structure (CBS) is a powerful formalism to establish the nature of tunneling modes, providing both a deeper understanding and a guided optimization of materials, with practical applications ranging from screening candidate dielectrics for lowest ``ultimate leakage'' to identifying charge-neutrality levels and Fermi level pinning. We demonstrate that CBS is prone to a particular type of spurious ``phantom'' solution, previously deemed true but irrelevant because of a very fast decay. We demonstrate that (i) in complex materials, phantom modes may exhibit very slow decay (appearing as leading tunneling terms implying qualitative and huge quantitative errors), (ii) the phantom modes are spurious, (iii) unlike the pseudopotential ``ghost'' states, phantoms are an apparently unavoidable artifact of large numerical basis sets, (iv) a presumed increase in computational accuracy increases the number of phantoms, effectively corrupting the CBS results despite the higher accuracy achieved in resolving the true CBS modes and the real band structure, and (v) the phantom modes cannot be easily separated from the true CBS modes. We discuss implications for direct transport calculations. The strategy for dealing with the phantom states is discussed in the context of optimizing high-quality high- κ dielectric materials for decreased tunneling leakage.

  1. Ab initio density-functional calculations in materials science: from quasicrystals over microporous catalysts to spintronics.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hafner, Jürgen

    2010-09-29

    During the last 20 years computer simulations based on a quantum-mechanical description of the interactions between electrons and atomic nuclei have developed an increasingly important impact on materials science, not only in promoting a deeper understanding of the fundamental physical phenomena, but also enabling the computer-assisted design of materials for future technologies. The backbone of atomic-scale computational materials science is density-functional theory (DFT) which allows us to cast the intractable complexity of electron-electron interactions into the form of an effective single-particle equation determined by the exchange-correlation functional. Progress in DFT-based calculations of the properties of materials and of simulations of processes in materials depends on: (1) the development of improved exchange-correlation functionals and advanced post-DFT methods and their implementation in highly efficient computer codes, (2) the development of methods allowing us to bridge the gaps in the temperature, pressure, time and length scales between the ab initio calculations and real-world experiments and (3) the extension of the functionality of these codes, permitting us to treat additional properties and new processes. In this paper we discuss the current status of techniques for performing quantum-based simulations on materials and present some illustrative examples of applications to complex quasiperiodic alloys, cluster-support interactions in microporous acid catalysts and magnetic nanostructures.

  2. Electronic, magnetic properties and phase diagrams of system with Fe4N compound: An ab initio calculations and Monte Carlo study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Masrour, R.; Jabar, A.; Hlil, E. K.

    2018-05-01

    Self-consistent ab initio calculations, based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) approach and using Full potential Linear Augmented Plane Wave (FLAPW) method, are performed to investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of the Fe4N compound. Polarized spin and spin-orbit coupling are included in calculations within the framework of the ferromagnetic state between Fe(I) and Fe(II) in Fe4N compound. We have used the obtained data from abinitio calculations as an input in Monte Carlo simulation to calculate the magnetic properties of this compounds such as the ground state phase diagrams, total and partial magnetization of Fe(I) and Fe(II) as well as the transition temperatures are computed. The variation of magnetization with the crystal field are also studied. The magnetic hysteresis cycle of the same Fe4N compound are determined for different values of temperatures and crystal field values. The two-step hysteresis loop are evidenced, which is typical for Fe4N structure. The ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic phase is observed as well.

  3. Bandgap engineering in van der Waals heterostructures of blue phosphorene and MoS{sub 2}: A first principles calculation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zhang, Z.Y. [Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 (China); Si, M.S., E-mail: sims@lzu.edu.cn [Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 (China); Peng, S.L. [Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 (China); Zhang, F. [Key Lab of Photovoltaic Materials of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001 (China); Wang, Y.H.; Xue, D.S. [Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 (China)

    2015-11-15

    Blue phosphorene (BP) was theoretically predicted to be thermally stable recently. Considering its similar in-layer hexagonal lattice to MoS{sub 2}, MoS{sub 2} could be an appropriate substrate to grow BP in experiments. In this work, the van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures are constructed by stacking BP on top of MoS{sub 2}. The thermal stability and electronic structures are evaluated based on first principles calculations with vdW-corrected exchange-correlation functional. The formation of the heterostructures is demonstrated to be exothermic and the most stable stacking configuration is confirmed. The heterostructures BP/MoS{sub 2} preserve both the properties of BP and MoS{sub 2} but exhibit relatively narrower bandgaps due to the interlayer coupling effect. The band structures can be further engineered by applying external electric fields. An indirect–direct bandgap transition in bilayer BP/MoS{sub 2} is demonstrated to be controlled by the symmetry property of the built-in electric dipole fields. - Graphical abstract: An indirect-direct band gap transition occurs in van der Waals heterostructure of MoS{sub 2}/BP under external electric fields which is demonstrated to be controlled by the symmetry of the built-in electric dipole fields. - Highlights: • The stacking of heterostructures of BP/MoS{sub 2} is demonstrated to be exothermic. • This suggests that it is possible to grow BP using MoS{sub 2} as the substrate. • The band structures of the heterostructures are exploited. • It realizes an indirect–direct gap transition under external electric fields. • The symmetry of the built-in electric dipole fields controls such gap transition.

  4. Dataset on the structure and thermodynamic and dynamic stability of Mo2ScAlC2 from experiments and first-principles calculations

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Martin Dahlqvist

    2017-02-01

    Full Text Available The data presented in this paper are related to the research article entitled “Theoretical stability and materials synthesis of a chemically ordered MAX phase, Mo2ScAlC2, and its two-dimensional derivate Mo2ScC” (Meshkian et al. 2017 [1]. This paper describes theoretical phase stability calculations of the MAX phase alloy MoxSc3-xAlC2 (x=0, 1, 2, 3, including chemical disorder and out-of-plane order of Mo and Sc along with related phonon dispersion and Bader charges, and Rietveld refinement of Mo2ScAlC2. The data is made publicly available to enable critical or extended analyzes.

  5. Structural characterization of tellurite glasses doped with transition metal oxides using Raman spectra and ab initio calculations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mohamed, Tarek A; Shaltout, I; Al Yahyaei, K M

    2006-05-01

    Systems of iron tellurite glasses were prepared by melt quenching with compositions of [85%TeO2+5%Fe2O3+10%TMO], where transition metal oxides (TMO) are TiO2, V2O5, MnO, CoO, NiO and CuO. Furthermore, the main structural units of these samples have been characterized by means of Raman spectra (150-1200 cm(-1)) as well as wavenumber predictions by means of Gaussian 98 ab initio calculations for the proposed site symmetries of TeO4(4-) triagonal bipyramid (C2v) and Te2O7(6-) bridged tetrahedra (Cs and C1). Aided by normal coordinate analysis, calculated vibrational frequencies, Raman scattering activities, force constants in internal coordinates and potential energy distributions (PEDs), revised vibrational assignments for the fundamental modes have been proposed. The main structural features are correlated to the dominant units of triagonal bipyramid (tbp) or bridged tetrahedral (TeO3+1 binds to TeO3 through TeOTe bridge; corner sharing). Moreover, the Raman spectra of the investigated tellurites reflect a structural change from tbp (coordination number is four) to triagonal pyramidal (coordination number is three).

  6. Ab initio calculation of scattering length and cross sections at very low energies for electron-helium scattering

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Saha, H.P.

    1993-01-01

    The multiconfiguration Hartree-Fock method for continuum wave functions has been used to calculate the scattering length and phase shifts over extremely low energies ranging from 0 to 1 eV very accurately for electron-helium scattering. The scattering length is calculated very accurately with wave functions computed exactly at zero energy, resulting in an upper bound of 1.1784. The electron correlation and polarization of the target by the scattering electron, which are very important in these calculations, have been taken into account in an accurate ab initio manner through the configuration-interaction procedure by optimizing both bound and continuum orbitals simultaneously at each kinetic energy of the scattered electron. Detailed results for scattering length, differential, total, and momentum-transfer cross sections obtained from the phase shifts are presented. The present scattering length is found to be in excellent agreement with the experimental result of Andrick and Bitsch [J. Phys. B 8, 402 (1975)] and the theoretical result of O'Malley, Burke, and Berrington [J. Phys. B 12, 953 (1979)]. There is excellent agreement between the present total cross sections and the corresponding experimental measurements of Buckman and Lohmann [J. Phys. B 19, 2547 (1986)]. The present momentum-transfer cross sections also show remarkable agreement with the experimental results of Crompton, Elford, and Robertson [Aust. J. Phys. 23, 667 (1970)

  7. Studies Of Urea Geometry By Means Of Ab Initio Methods And Computer Simulations Of Liquids [estudo Da Geometria Da Uréia Por Métodos Ab Initio E Simulaição Computacional De Líquidos

    OpenAIRE

    Cirino J.J.V.; Bertran C.A.

    2002-01-01

    A study was carried out on the urea geometries using ab initio calculation and Monte Carlo computational simulation of liquids. The ab initio calculated results showed that urea has a non-planar conformation in the gas phase in which the hydrogen atoms are out of the plane formed by the heavy atoms. Free energies associated to the rotation of the amino groups of urea in water were obtained using the Monte Carlo method in which the thermodynamic perturbation theory is implemented. The magnitud...

  8. Nature of the Interstitials in Titanium Dioxide and Their Impact on Transmission Coefficient: Ab Initio Calculations

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lei Li

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available The ab initio calculations about the properties of the interstitials doping in the rutile TiO2 and their impact on the transport coefficients are reported. As the doping of the Zr or Ti interstitials in the TiO2, the lattice Ti4+ ions acquire the excess electrons so reduced to the Ti3+ or Ti2+ ions. However, the Cu interstitials could not lose enough electrons to reduce the lattice Ti4+ ions. Furthermore, the Ti or Cu interstitials in the ZrO2 also are unable to promote the lattice Zr4+ ions to form the lattice Zr3+ or Zr2+ ions. The high transport coefficients are observed in the defected TiO2 with the Ti or Zr interstitials as the high concentration of the Ti3+ or Ti2+ ions. So, the Zr interstitials are the favorable choice for the extra-doping to improve the transport properties in the TiO2-based resistive random access memory.

  9. Characterization of adsorbed water in MIL-53(Al) by FTIR spectroscopy and ab-initio calculations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Salazar, J M; Weber, G; Simon, J M; Bezverkhyy, I; Bellat, J P

    2015-03-28

    Here, we report ab-initio calculations developed with a twofold purpose: understand how adsorbed water molecules alter the infrared spectrum of the metal-organic framework MIL-53(Al) and to investigate which are the associated physico-chemical processes. The analyzed structures are the two anhydrous narrow (np⊘) and large (lp⊘) pore forms and the hydrated narrow pore form (np-H2O) of the MIL-53(Al). For these structures, we determined their corresponding infrared spectra (FTIR) and we identified the vibrational modes associated to the dominant spectral lines. We show that wagging and scissoring modes of CO2 give flexibility to the structure for facilitating the lp⊘- np⊘ transition. In our studies, this transition is identified by eight vibrational modes including the δCH(18a) vibrational mode currently used to identify the mentioned transition. We report an exhaustive band identification of the infrared spectra associated to the analyzed structures. Moreover, the FTIR for the np-H2O structure allowed us to identify four types of water molecules linked to the host structure by one to three hydrogen bonds.

  10. Elementary Steps of Syngas Reactions on Mo2C(001): Adsorption Thermochemistry and Bond Dissociation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Medford, Andrew

    2012-02-16

    Density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio thermodynamics are applied in order to investigate the most stable surface and subsurface terminations of Mo{sub 2}C(001) as a function of chemical potential and in the presence of syngas. The Mo-terminated (001) surface is then used as a model surface to evaluate the thermochemistry and energetic barriers for key elementary steps in syngas reactions. Adsorption energy scaling relations and Broensted-Evans-Polanyi relationships are established and used to place Mo{sub 2}C into the context of transition metal surfaces. The results indicate that the surface termination is a complex function of reaction conditions and kinetics. It is predicted that the surface will be covered by either C{sub 2}H{sub 2} or O depending on conditions. Comparisons to transition metals indicate that the Mo-terminated Mo{sub 2}C(001) surface exhibits carbon reactivity similar to transition metals such as Ru and Ir, but is significantly more reactive towards oxygen.

  11. Structural and thermodynamic study of dicesium molybdate Cs2Mo2O7: Implications for fast neutron reactors

    Science.gov (United States)

    Smith, A. L.; Kauric, G.; van Eijck, L.; Goubitz, K.; Wallez, G.; Griveau, J.-C.; Colineau, E.; Clavier, N.; Konings, R. J. M.

    2017-09-01

    The structure of α-Cs2Mo2O7 (monoclinic in space group P21 / c), which can form during irradiation in fast breeder reactors in the space between nuclear fuel and cladding, has been refined in this work at room temperature from neutron diffraction data. Furthermore, the compounds' thermal expansion and polymorphism have been investigated using high temperature X-ray diffraction combined with high temperature Raman spectroscopy. A phase transition has been observed at Ttr(α → β)=(621.9±0.8) K using Differential Scanning Calorimetry, and the structure of the β-Cs2Mo2O7 phase, orthorhombic in space group Pbcm, has been solved ab initio from the high temperature X-ray diffraction data. Furthermore, the low temperature heat capacity of α-Cs2Mo2O7 has been measured in the temperature range T=(1.9-313.2) K using a Quantum Design PPMS (Physical Property Measurement System) calorimeter. The heat capacity and entropy values at T=298.15 K have been derived as Cp,mo (Cs2Mo2O7 , cr , 298.15 K) = (211.9 ± 2.1) J K-1mol-1 and Smo (Cs2Mo2O7 , cr , 298.15 K) = (317.4 ± 4.3) J K-1mol-1 . When combined with the enthalpy of formation reported in the literature, these data yield standard entropy and Gibbs energy of formation as Δf Smo (Cs2Mo2O7 , cr , 298.15 K) = - (628.2 ± 4.4) J K-1mol-1 and Δf Gmo (Cs2Mo2O7 , cr , 298.15 K) = - (2115.1 ± 2.5) kJmol-1 . Finally, the cesium partial pressure expected in the gap between fuel and cladding following the disproportionation reaction 2Cs2MoO4=Cs2Mo2O7+2Cs(g)+ 1/2 O2(g) has been calculated from the newly determined thermodynamic functions.

  12. Double ionization in Helium. Ab initio calculations beyond the one dimensional approximation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Camilo Ruiz; Luis Plaja; Luis Roso; Andreas Becker

    2006-01-01

    Complete test of publication follows. We present ab-initio computations of the ionization of two-electron atoms by short pulses of coherent radiation beyond the one-dimensional approximation. In the model the electron correlation is included in its full dimensionality, while the center-of-mass motion is restricted along the polarization axis. We show some result for Non Sequential Double Ionization (NSDI) as well as for SDI for high intensity low IR frequency. Some recent applications for this correlated system is also presented.

  13. Molecular orbital calculations using chemical graph theory

    CERN Document Server

    Dias, Jerry Ray

    1993-01-01

    Professor John D. Roberts published a highly readable book on Molecular Orbital Calculations directed toward chemists in 1962. That timely book is the model for this book. The audience this book is directed toward are senior undergraduate and beginning graduate students as well as practicing bench chemists who have a desire to develop conceptual tools for understanding chemical phenomena. Although, ab initio and more advanced semi-empirical MO methods are regarded as being more reliable than HMO in an absolute sense, there is good evidence that HMO provides reliable relative answers particularly when comparing related molecular species. Thus, HMO can be used to rationalize electronic structure in 1t-systems, aromaticity, and the shape use HMO to gain insight of simple molecular orbitals. Experimentalists still into subtle electronic interactions for interpretation of UV and photoelectron spectra. Herein, it will be shown that one can use graph theory to streamline their HMO computational efforts and to arrive...

  14. Ab Initio factorized LCAO calculations of the electronic band structure of ZnSe, ZnS, and the (ZnSe)1(ZnS)1 strained-layer superlattice

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Marshall, T.S.; Wilson, T.M.

    1992-01-01

    The authors report on the results of electronic band structure calculations of bulk ZnSe, bulk ZnS and the (ZnSe) 1 (ZnS) 1 , strained-layer superlattice (SLS) using the ab initio factorized linear combination of atomic orbitals method. The bulk calculations were done using the standard primitive nonrectangular 2-atom zinc blende unit cell, while the SLS calculation was done using a primitive tetragonal 4-atom unit cell modeled from the CuAu I structure. The analytic fit to the SLS crystalline potential was determined by using the nonlinear coefficients from the bulk fits. The CPU time saved by factorizing the energy matrix integrals and using a rectangular unit cell is discussed

  15. A calorimetric and thermodynamic investigation of A2[(UO2)2(MoO4)O2] compounds with A = K and Rb and calculated phase relations in the system (K2MoO4 + UO3 + H2O)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lelet, Maxim I.; Suleimanov, Evgeny V.; Golubev, Aleksey V.; Geiger, Charles A.; Bosbach, Dirk; Alekseev, Evgeny V.

    2015-01-01

    Highlights: • We determined the low temperature heat capacity of A 2 [(UO 2 ) 2 (MoO 4 )O 2 ] compounds with A = K and Rb. • We determined enthalpy of formation of K 2 [(UO 2 ) 2 (MoO 4 )O 2 ] by HF solution calorimetry. • We calculated Δ f G° (T = 298 K) of all phases from studied series. • Using obtained data we performed a thermodynamic modelling in the system (K 2 MoO 4 + UO 3 + H 2 O). - Abstract: A calorimetric and thermodynamic investigation of two alkali-metal uranyl molybdates with general composition A 2 [(UO 2 ) 2 (MoO 4 )O 2 ], where A = K and Rb, was performed. Both phases were synthesized by solid-state sintering of a mixture of potassium or rubidium nitrate, molybdenum (VI) oxide and gamma-uranium (VI) oxide at high temperatures. The synthetic products were characterised by X-ray powder diffraction and X-ray fluorescence methods. The enthalpy of formation of K 2 [(UO 2 ) 2 (MoO 4 )O 2 ] was determined using HF-solution calorimetry giving Δ f H° (T = 298 K, K 2 [(UO 2 ) 2 (MoO 4 )O 2 ], cr) = −(4018 ± 8) kJ · mol −1 . The low-temperature heat capacity, C p °, was measured using adiabatic calorimetry from T = (7 to 335) K for K 2 [(UO 2 ) 2 (MoO 4 )O 2 ] and from T = (7 to 326) K for Rb 2 [(UO 2 ) 2 (MoO 4 )O 2 ]. Using these C p ° values, the third law entropy at T = 298.15 K, S°, is calculated as (374 ± 1) J · K −1 · mol −1 for K 2 [(UO 2 ) 2 (MoO 4 )O 2 ] and (390 ± 1) J · K −1 · mol −1 for Rb 2 [(UO 2 ) 2 (MoO 4 )O 2 ]. These new experimental results, together with literature data, are used to calculate the Gibbs energy of formation, Δ f G°, for both phases giving: Δ f G° (T = 298 K, K 2 [(UO 2 ) 2 (MoO 4 )O 2 ], cr) = (−3747 ± 8) kJ · mol −1 and Δ f G° (T = 298 K, Rb 2 [(UO 2 ) 2 (MoO 4 )], cr) = −3736 ± 5 kJ · mol −1 . Smoothed C p °(T) values between 0 K and 320 K are presented, along with values for S° and the functions [H°(T) − H°(0)] and [G°(T) − H°(0)], for both phases. The

  16. Ab initio assisted process modeling for Si-based nanoelectronic devices

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Windl, Wolfgang

    2005-01-01

    In this paper, we discuss concepts and examples of ab initio calculations assisting physics-based process simulation. We focus on how to determine diffusion and reaction constants, where modern methods such as the nudged elastic band method allow a systematic and reliable search for the minimum energy migration path and barrier. We show that once the saddle point is determined, the underlying harmonic transition state theory also allows to calculate the prefactors. The discussed examples include nitrogen diffusion, boron deactivation and boron interface segregation. Finally, some concepts are discussed for future device technologies such as molecular devices, where the currently prevalent multiscale approach (kinetic parameters used in higher level models like diffusion-reaction or kinetic Monte Carlo modeling) would not be sensible anymore. As an example, we described the ab initio temperature-accelerated dynamics modeling of contact formation in carbon nanotube devices

  17. Ab initio study of hot electrons in GaAs

    OpenAIRE

    Bernardi, Marco; Vigil-Fowler, Derek; Ong, Chin Shen; Neaton, Jeffrey B.; Louie, Steven G.

    2015-01-01

    Hot carrier dynamics critically impacts the performance of electronic, optoelectronic, photovoltaic, and plasmonic devices. Hot carriers lose energy over nanometer lengths and picosecond timescales and thus are challenging to study experimentally, whereas calculations of hot carrier dynamics are cumbersome and dominated by empirical approaches. In this work, we present ab initio calculations of hot electrons in gallium arsenide (GaAs) using density functional theory and many-body perturbation...

  18. Interlayer Trions in the MoS2/WS2 van der Waals Heterostructure

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Deilmann, Thorsten; Thygesen, Kristian Sommer

    2018-01-01

    and experimentally. In contrast, studies of charged trions have so far been limited to the intralayer type. Here we investigate the complete set of interlayer excitations in a MoS2/WS2 heterostructure using a novel ab initio method, which allows for a consistent treatment of both excitons and trions at the same...... theoretical footing. Our calculations predict the existence of bound interlayer trions below the neutral interlayer excitons. We obtain binding energies of 18/28 meV for the positive/negative interlayer trions with both electrons/holes located on the same layer. In contrast, a negligible binding energy...... is found for trions which have the two equally charged particles on different layers. Our results advance the understanding of electronic excitations in doped van der Waals heterostructures and their effect on the optical properties....

  19. Computationally efficient and quantitatively accurate multiscale simulation of solid-solution strengthening by ab initio calculation

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Ma, D.; Friák, Martin; von Pezold, J.; Raabe, D.; Neugebauer, J.

    2015-01-01

    Roč. 85, FEB (2015), s. 53-66 ISSN 1359-6454 Institutional support: RVO:68081723 Keywords : Solid-solution strengthening * DFT * Peierls–Nabarro model * Ab initio * Al alloys Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism Impact factor: 5.058, year: 2015

  20. Stability, elastic properties and fracture toughness of Al0.75X0.75B14 (X=Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo) investigated using ab initio calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Emmerlich, Jens; Thieme, Niklas; To Baben, Moritz; Music, Denis; Schneider, Jochen M

    2013-01-01

    The effect of the transition metal valence electron concentration on the energy of formation, effective charge of B icosahedra, elastic properties, surface energy and fracture toughness was calculated using density functional theory for icosahedral transition metal borides of AlXB 14 (X=Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo). Consistent with previous work on AlYB 14 (Kölpin et al 2009 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21 355006) it is shown that phase stability is generally dependent on the effective charge of the icosahedral transition metal borides. Also, ionization potential and electronegativity are identified as parameters affecting the effective charge of B icosahedra suitable for use in predicting the phase stability. Al 0.75 Y 0.75 B 14 , Al 0.75 Sc 0.75 B 14 and Al 0.75 Zr 0.75 B 14 have been identified as promising phases for application as protective coatings as they exhibit high phase stability and stiffness combined with a comparatively high fracture toughness. (paper)

  1. Input/Output of ab-initio nuclear structure calculations for improved performance and portability

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Laghave, Nikhil

    2010-01-01

    Many modern scientific applications rely on highly computation intensive calculations. However, most applications do not concentrate as much on the role that input/output operations can play for improved performance and portability. Parallelizing input/output operations of large files can significantly improve the performance of parallel applications where sequential I/O is a bottleneck. A proper choice of I/O library also offers a scope for making input/output operations portable across different architectures. Thus, use of parallel I/O libraries for organizing I/O of large data files offers great scope in improving performance and portability of applications. In particular, sequential I/O has been identified as a bottleneck for the highly scalable MFDn (Many Fermion Dynamics for nuclear structure) code performing ab-initio nuclear structure calculations. We develop interfaces and parallel I/O procedures to use a well-known parallel I/O library in MFDn. As a result, we gain efficient I/O of large datasets along with their portability and ease of use in the down-stream processing. Even situations where the amount of data to be written is not huge, proper use of input/output operations can boost the performance of scientific applications. Application checkpointing offers enormous performance improvement and flexibility by doing a negligible amount of I/O to disk. Checkpointing saves and resumes application state in such a manner that in most cases the application is unaware that there has been an interruption to its execution. This helps in saving large amount of work that has been previously done and continue application execution. This small amount of I/O provides substantial time saving by offering restart/resume capability to applications. The need for checkpointing in optimization code NEWUOA has been identified and checkpoint/restart capability has been implemented in NEWUOA by using simple file I/O.

  2. Electronic excitation of furfural as probed by high-resolution vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, and ab initio calculations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ferreira da Silva, F.; Lange, E.; Limão-Vieira, P.; Jones, N. C.; Hoffmann, S. V.; Hubin-Franskin, M.-J.; Delwiche, J.; Brunger, M. J.; Neves, R. F. C.; Lopes, M. C. A.; de Oliveira, E. M.; da Costa, R. F.; Varella, M. T. do N.; Bettega, M. H. F.; Blanco, F.; García, G.; Lima, M. A. P.; Jones, D. B.

    2015-10-01

    The electronic spectroscopy of isolated furfural (2-furaldehyde) in the gas phase has been investigated using high-resolution photoabsorption spectroscopy in the 3.5-10.8 eV energy-range, with absolute cross section measurements derived. Electron energy loss spectra are also measured over a range of kinematical conditions. Those energy loss spectra are used to derive differential cross sections and in turn generalised oscillator strengths. These experiments are supported by ab initio calculations in order to assign the excited states of the neutral molecule. The good agreement between the theoretical results and the measurements allows us to provide the first quantitative assignment of the electronic state spectroscopy of furfural over an extended energy range.

  3. Electronic excitation of furfural as probed by high-resolution vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, and ab initio calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ferreira da Silva, F.; Lange, E.; Limão-Vieira, P.; Jones, N. C.; Hoffmann, S. V.; Hubin-Franskin, M.-J.; Delwiche, J.; Brunger, M. J.

    2015-01-01

    The electronic spectroscopy of isolated furfural (2-furaldehyde) in the gas phase has been investigated using high-resolution photoabsorption spectroscopy in the 3.5–10.8 eV energy-range, with absolute cross section measurements derived. Electron energy loss spectra are also measured over a range of kinematical conditions. Those energy loss spectra are used to derive differential cross sections and in turn generalised oscillator strengths. These experiments are supported by ab initio calculations in order to assign the excited states of the neutral molecule. The good agreement between the theoretical results and the measurements allows us to provide the first quantitative assignment of the electronic state spectroscopy of furfural over an extended energy range

  4. Temperature dependence of the EFG at Cd-doped Lu2O3: How ab initio calculations can complement PAC experiments

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Errico, L.A.; Renteria, M.; Bibiloni, A.G.; Darriba, G.N.

    2005-01-01

    We report an ab initio study of the temperature dependence of the electric-field gradient (EFG) tensor at Cd impurities replacing cations in Lu 2 O 3 . Calculations were performed with the Full-Potential Linearized-Augmented Plane Wave method that allows us to treat the electronic structure and the processes induced by the impurity in the host-lattice without the use of external parameters. In this new insight, the EFG thermal dependence arises from the ionization of an impurity acceptor level introduced in the band-gap of Lu 2 O 3 by Cd impurities, in good agreement with a previously proposed two state model. (copyright 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim) (orig.)

  5. Electronic excitation of furfural as probed by high-resolution vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, and ab initio calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ferreira da Silva, F.; Lange, E. [Laboratório de Colisões Atómicas e Moleculares, CEFITEC, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica (Portugal); Limão-Vieira, P., E-mail: plimaovieira@fct.unl.pt, E-mail: michael.brunger@flinders.edu.au, E-mail: maplima@ifi.unicamp.br [Laboratório de Colisões Atómicas e Moleculares, CEFITEC, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica (Portugal); School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001 (Australia); Jones, N. C.; Hoffmann, S. V. [ISA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade, DK-8000 Århus C (Denmark); Hubin-Franskin, M.-J.; Delwiche, J. [Départment de Chimie, Institut de Chimie-Bât. B6C, Université de Liège, B-4000 Liège 1 (Belgium); Brunger, M. J., E-mail: plimaovieira@fct.unl.pt, E-mail: michael.brunger@flinders.edu.au, E-mail: maplima@ifi.unicamp.br [School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001 (Australia); Institute of Mathematical Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia); and others

    2015-10-14

    The electronic spectroscopy of isolated furfural (2-furaldehyde) in the gas phase has been investigated using high-resolution photoabsorption spectroscopy in the 3.5–10.8 eV energy-range, with absolute cross section measurements derived. Electron energy loss spectra are also measured over a range of kinematical conditions. Those energy loss spectra are used to derive differential cross sections and in turn generalised oscillator strengths. These experiments are supported by ab initio calculations in order to assign the excited states of the neutral molecule. The good agreement between the theoretical results and the measurements allows us to provide the first quantitative assignment of the electronic state spectroscopy of furfural over an extended energy range.

  6. Ab-initio calculation and experimental observation of room temperature ferromagnetism in 50 keV nitrogen implanted rutile TiO2

    Science.gov (United States)

    Luitel, Homnath; Chakrabarti, Mahuya; Sarkar, A.; Dechoudhury, S.; Bhowmick, D.; Naik, V.; Sanyal, D.

    2018-02-01

    Room temperature magnetic properties of 50 keV N4+ ion beam implanted rutile TiO2 have been theoretically and experimentally studied. Ab-initio calculation under the frame work of density functional theory has been carried out to study the magnetic properties of the different possible nitrogen related defects in TiO2. Spin polarized density of states calculation suggests that both Ninst and NO can induce ferromagnetic ordering in rutile TiO2. In both cases the 2p orbital electrons of nitrogen atom give rise to the magnetic moment in TiO2. The possibility of the formation of N2 molecule in TiO2 system is also studied but in this case no significant magnetic moment has been observed. The magnetic measurements, using SQUID magnetometer, results a ferromagnetic ordering even at room temperature for the 50 keV N4+ ion beam implanted rutile TiO2.

  7. Ab initio results for intermediate-mass, open-shell nuclei

    Science.gov (United States)

    Baker, Robert B.; Dytrych, Tomas; Launey, Kristina D.; Draayer, Jerry P.

    2017-01-01

    A theoretical understanding of nuclei in the intermediate-mass region is vital to astrophysical models, especially for nucleosynthesis. Here, we employ the ab initio symmetry-adapted no-core shell model (SA-NCSM) in an effort to push first-principle calculations across the sd-shell region. The ab initio SA-NCSM's advantages come from its ability to control the growth of model spaces by including only physically relevant subspaces, which allows us to explore ultra-large model spaces beyond the reach of other methods. We report on calculations for 19Ne and 20Ne up through 13 harmonic oscillator shells using realistic interactions and discuss the underlying structure as well as implications for various astrophysical reactions. This work was supported by the U.S. NSF (OCI-0904874 and ACI -1516338) and the U.S. DOE (DE-SC0005248), and also benefitted from the Blue Waters sustained-petascale computing project and high performance computing resources provided by LSU.

  8. Ab initio pseudopotential theory

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yin, M.T.; Cohen, M.L.

    1982-01-01

    The ab initio norm-conserving pseudopotential is generated from a reference atomic configuration in which the pseudoatomic eigenvalues and wave functions outside the core region agree with the corresponding ab initio all-electron results within the density-functional formalism. This paper explains why such pseudopotentials accurately reproduce the all-electron results in both atoms and in multiatomic systems. In particular, a theorem is derived to demonstrate the energy- and perturbation-independent properties of ab initio pseudopotentials

  9. An ab-initio study of mechanical, dynamical and electronic properties of MgEu intermetallic

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kumar, S. Ramesh; Jaiganesh, G.; Jayalakshmi, V.

    2018-04-01

    The theoretical investigation on the mechanical, dynamical and electronic properties of MgEu in CsCl-type structure has been carried out through the ab-initio calculations within the framework of the density functional theory and the density functional perturbation theory. For the purpose, Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package and Phonopy packages were used. Our calculated ground-state properties of MgEu are in good agreement with other available results. Our computed elastic constants and phonon spectrum results suggest that MgEu is mechanically and dynamically stable up to 5 GPa. The thermodynamic quantities as a function of temperatures are also reported and discussed. The band structure, density of states and charge density also calculated to understand the electronic properties of MgEu.

  10. A first principle Comparative study of electronic and optical properties of 1H –MoS2 and 2H –MoS2

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kumar, Ashok; Ahluwalia, P.K.

    2012-01-01

    First principle calculations of electronic and optical properties of monolayer MoS 2 , so called 1H –MoS 2 , is performed which has emerged as a new direct band gap semiconductor. Before calculations of the properties of 1H –MoS 2 , we have calculated structural parameters, electronic properties (electronic band structure and electronic density of states) and frequency dependent optical response (real and imaginary part of dielectric function, energy loss function, absorption and reflectance spectra) of 2H –MoS 2 and compared with existing experimental results and found that our calculated results are in very good agreements with experimental results. To compare the dielectric functions of bulk (2H –MoS 2 ) and monolayer (1H –MoS 2 ) phases we have further extended these calculations to the single layer MoS 2 (1H –MoS 2 ) which is analogous to graphene. Structural parameters of 1H –MoS 2 are found very close to its bulk 2H –MoS 2 . We find direct electronic band gap at ‘K’ high symmetry point as compared to indirect band gap in its bulk 2H – MoS2. Our calculated dielectric function for 1H – MoS2 shows structure at nearly same energy positions as compared to 2H – MoS2 with additional structure at 3.8 eV. Also additional well defined energy loss peaks revealing the plasmonic resonances at 15.7 eV and 16.0 eV for E vector perpendicular and parallel to c axis respectively for 1H – MoS2 have been found, which are the signatures of surface plasmons at these energies. -- Highlights: ► Structural parameters of 2H-MoS2 and 1H-MoS2 are nearly identical. ► States around the Fermi energy are mainly due to the metal d states. ► Strong hybridization between Mo-d and S-p states below the Fermi energy has been found. ► Optical spectra of 2H-MoS2 finds very good agreements with experimental optical spectra. ► The band gap is found to be direct for 1H-MoS2 as compared to indirect for 2H-MoS2.

  11. Ab Initio Values of the Thermophysical Properties of Helium as Standards

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hurly, John J.; Moldover, Michael R.

    2000-01-01

    Recent quantum mechanical calculations of the interaction energy of pairs of helium atoms are accurate and some include reliable estimates of their uncertainty. We combined these ab initio results with earlier published results to obtain a helium-helium interatomic potential that includes relativistic retardation effects over all ranges of interaction. From this potential, we calculated the thermophysical properties of helium, i.e., the second virial coefficients, the dilute-gas viscosities, and the dilute-gas thermal conductivities of 3He, 4He, and their equimolar mixture from 1 K to 104 K. We also calculated the diffusion and thermal diffusion coefficients of mixtures of 3He and 4He. For the pure fluids, the uncertainties of the calculated values are dominated by the uncertainties of the potential; for the mixtures, the uncertainties of the transport properties also include contributions from approximations in the transport theory. In all cases, the uncertainties are smaller than the corresponding experimental uncertainties; therefore, we recommend the ab initio results be used as standards for calibrating instruments relying on these thermophysical properties. We present the calculated thermophysical properties in easy-to-use tabular form. PMID:27551630

  12. Ab initio study of phase equilibria in TiCx

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Korzhavyi, P.A.; Pourovskii, L.V.; Hugosson, H.W.

    2002-01-01

    The phase diagram for the vacancy-ordered structures in the substoichiometric TiCx (x = 0.5-1.0) has been established from Monte Carlo simulations with the long-range pair and multisite effective interactions obtained from ab initio calculations. Three ordered superstructures of vacancies (Ti2C, Ti...

  13. Calculation of intermolecular potentials for H2−H2 and H2−O2 dimers ab initio and prediction of second virial coefficients

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pham Van, Tat; Deiters, Ulrich K.

    2015-01-01

    Highlights: • We construct the angular orientations of dimers H 2 −H 2 and H 2 −O 2 . • We calculate the ab initio intermolecular interaction energies for all built orientations. • Extrapolating the interaction energies to the complete basis set limit aug-cc-pV23Z. • We develop two 5-site ab initio intermolecular potentials of dimers H 2 −H 2 , H 2 −O 2 . • Calculating the virial coefficients of dimer H 2 −H 2 and H 2 −O 2 . - Abstract: The intermolecular interaction potentials of the dimers H 2 −H 2 and H 2 −O 2 were calculated from quantum mechanics, using coupled-cluster theory CCSD(T) and correlation-consistent basis sets aug-cc-pVmZ (m = 2, 3); the results were extrapolated to the basis set limit aug-cc-pV23Z. The interaction energies were corrected for the basis set superposition error with the counterpoise scheme. For comparison also Møller–Plesset perturbation theory (at levels 2–4) with the basis sets aug-cc-pVTZ were considered, but the results proved inferior. The quantum mechanical results were used to construct analytical pair potential functions. From these functions the second virial coefficients of hydrogen and the cross virial coefficients of the hydrogen–oxygen system were obtained by integration; in both cases corrections for quantum effects were included. The results agree well with experimental data, if available, or with empirical correlations

  14. On the full exploitation of symmetry in periodic (as well as molecular) self-consistent-field ab initio calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Orlando, Roberto, E-mail: roberto.orlando@unito.it; Erba, Alessandro; Dovesi, Roberto [Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino and NIS, Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces, Centre of Excellence, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino (Italy); De La Pierre, Marco [Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino and NIS, Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces, Centre of Excellence, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino (Italy); Nanochemistry Research Institute, Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845 (Australia); Zicovich-Wilson, Claudio M. [Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad, 1001, Col. Chamilpa, 62209 Cuernavaca (Morelos) (Mexico)

    2014-09-14

    Use of symmetry can dramatically reduce the computational cost (running time and memory allocation) of self-consistent-field ab initio calculations for molecular and crystalline systems. Crucial for running time is symmetry exploitation in the evaluation of one- and two-electron integrals, diagonalization of the Fock matrix at selected points in reciprocal space, reconstruction of the density matrix. As regards memory allocation, full square matrices (overlap, Fock, and density) in the Atomic Orbital (AO) basis are avoided and a direct transformation from the packed AO to the symmetry adapted crystalline orbital basis is performed, so that the largest matrix to be handled has the size of the largest sub-block in the latter basis. Quantitative examples, referring to the implementation in the CRYSTAL code, are given for high symmetry families of compounds such as carbon fullerenes and nanotubes.

  15. Elastic and electronic tuning of magnetoresistance in MoTe2.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yang, Junjie; Colen, Jonathan; Liu, Jun; Nguyen, Manh Cuong; Chern, Gia-Wei; Louca, Despina

    2017-12-01

    Quasi-two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides exhibit dramatic properties that may transform electronic and photonic devices. We report on how the anomalously large magnetoresistance (MR) observed under high magnetic field in MoTe 2 , a type II Weyl semimetal, can be reversibly controlled under tensile strain. The MR is enhanced by as much as ~30% at low temperatures and high magnetic fields when uniaxial strain is applied along the a crystallographic direction and reduced by about the same amount when strain is applied along the b direction. We show that the large in-plane electric anisotropy is coupled with the structural transition from the 1T' monoclinic to the T d orthorhombic Weyl phase. A shift of the T d -1T' phase boundary is achieved by minimal tensile strain. The sensitivity of the MR to tensile strain suggests the possibility of a nontrivial spin-orbital texture of the electron and hole pockets in the vicinity of Weyl points. Our ab initio calculations show a significant orbital mixing on the Fermi surface, which is modified by the tensile strains.

  16. CNDO/2-SCF and PCILO (MO) calculations on the 1-butene/NA/and (charge-transfer) complex

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Lochmann, R; Meiler, W

    1977-01-01

    CNDO/2-SCF and PCILO (MO) calculations on the 1-Butene/Na/sup +/ (charge-transfer) complex involving the olefinic m electrons were made in connection with butene adsorption in zeolites, including the effect of the cation on the conformation of the butene in the zeolite cavity. Calculations were made of rotational energy barriers, preferred cation arrangements with respect to the butene molecule, and charge distributions by both methods. Taking into account systematic errors with the two methods, it is concluded that the PCILO method, which predicts a stabilization of the skew over the cis conformation by the cation, gives closer agreement with experiment. Graph, tables, diagrams, and 19 references.

  17. Electronic structure of polycrystalline cadmium dichloride studied by X-ray spectroscopies and ab initio calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Demchenko, I.N.; Chernyshova, M.; Stolte, W.C.; Speaks, D.T.; Derkachova, A.

    2012-01-01

    The electronic structure of cadmium dichloride has been studied by X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and, for the first time, by resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) at the Cl K edge. Good agreement was obtained between the non-resonant X-ray emission (XES) along with XANES experimental spectra and the calculated Cl 3p local partial density of states (DOS). The calculations were performed using the full-potential linearized-augmented-plane-wave with the local orbitals (FP-(L)APW l o) method utilized in the WIEN2k code. It was shown that the position of the RIXS band in CdCl 2 follows a linear dispersion according to the Raman–Stokes law if the excitation energy is tuned below the absorption threshold. The situation changes for core excitation above the photoabsorption threshold where the dispersion relation is split into two branches. The position of the resonant contribution does not depend on the excitation energy, while the excitonic sideband follows the Raman–Stoke law. Combined XANES and RIXS measurements compared to calculated band structure allowed us to determine the direct band gap of CdCl 2 to be at 5.7 ± 0.05 eV. -- Highlights: ► XANES at the K edge of Cl and related emission KV band interpreted within the ab initio DFT formalism. ► Two dominant contributions observed in RIXS data: the resonant and the excitonic ones. ► The dispersion relation below the absorption threshold follows Raman–Stokes law. ► Dispersion above the threshold splits into two qualitatively different relations. ► Overlapping of XAS spectrum with RIXS one makes possible to estimate direct band gap value to be 5.7 eV.

  18. Ab initio and empirical studies on the asymmetry of molecular current-voltage characteristics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hoft, R C; Armstrong, N; Ford, M J; Cortie, M B

    2007-01-01

    We perform theoretical calculations of the tunnelling current through various small organic molecules sandwiched between gold electrodes by using both a tunnel barrier model and an ab initio transport code. The height of the tunnelling barrier is taken to be the work function of gold as modified by the adsorbed molecule and calculated from an ab initio electronic structure code. The current-voltage characteristics of these molecules are compared. Asymmetry is introduced into the system in two ways: an asymmetric molecule and a gap between the molecule and the right electrode. The latter is a realistic situation in scanning probe experiments. The asymmetry is also realized in the tunnel barrier model by two distinct work functions on the left and right electrodes. Significant asymmetry is observed in the ab initio i(V) curves. The tunnel barrier i(V) curves show much less pronounced asymmetry. The relative sizes of the currents through the molecules are compared. In addition, the performance of the WKB approximation is compared to the results obtained from the exact Schroedinger solution to the tunnelling barrier problem

  19. Phase equilibria in the Tl2MoO4–R2(MoO43–Zr(MoO42 (R = Al, Cr systems: synthesis, structure and properties of new triple molybdates Tl5RZr(MoO46 and TlRZr0.5(MoO43

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    V. G. Grossman

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available The Tl2MoO4–R2(MoO43–Zr(MoO42 (R = Al, Cr systems were studied in the subsolidus region using X-ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC analysis. Quasi-binary joins were revealed, and triangulation was carried out. New ternary molybdates: Tl5RZr(MoO46 (5:1:2 and TlRZr0.5(MoO43 (1:1:1 (R = Al, Cr were prepared. The unit cell parameters for the new compounds were calculated.

  20. Ab Initio Calculations of Oxosulfatovanadates

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Frøberg, Torben; Johansen, Helge

    1996-01-01

    Restricted Hartree-Fock and multi-configurational self-consistent-field calculations together with secondorder perturbation theory have been used to study the geometry, the electron density, and the electronicspectrum of (VO2SO4)-. A bidentate sulphate attachment to vanadium was found to be stabl...

  1. Stability and mobility of self-interstitials and small interstitial clusters in α-iron: ab initio and empirical potential calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Willaime, F.; Fu, C.C.; Marinica, M.C.; Dalla Torre, J.

    2005-01-01

    The stability and mobility of self-interstitials and small interstitial clusters, I n , in α-Fe is investigated by means of calculations performed in the framework of the density functional theory using the SIESTA code. The mono-, di- and tri-interstitials are shown to be made of (parallel) dumbbells and to migrate by nearest-neighbor translation-rotation jumps, according to Johnson's mechanism. The orientation of the dumbbells becomes energetically more favourable for I 5 and larger clusters. The performance of a semi-empirical potential recently developed for Fe, including ab initio self-interstitial data in the fitted properties, is evaluated over the present results. The superiority over previous semi-empirical potentials is confirmed. Finally the impact of the present results on the formation mechanism of loops, observed experimentally in α-Fe is discussed

  2. Ab initio electronic properties of dual phosphorus monolayers in silicon

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Drumm, Daniel W.; Per, Manolo C.; Budi, Akin

    2014-01-01

    In the midst of the epitaxial circuitry revolution in silicon technology, we look ahead to the next paradigm shift: effective use of the third dimension - in particular, its combination with epitaxial technology. We perform ab initio calculations of atomically thin epitaxial bilayers in silicon...

  3. Electronic structure and metallization of cubic GdH{sub 3} under pressure: Ab initio many-body GW calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kong, Bo, E-mail: kong79@yeah.net, E-mail: yachao.zhang@pku.edu.cn [School of Physics and Electronic Sciences, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018 (China); Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018 (China); Zhang, Yachao, E-mail: kong79@yeah.net, E-mail: yachao.zhang@pku.edu.cn [Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018 (China)

    2016-07-07

    The electronic structures of the cubic GdH{sub 3} are extensively investigated using the ab initio many-body GW calculations treating the Gd 4f electrons either in the core (4f-core) or in the valence states (4f-val). Different degrees of quasiparticle (QP) self-consistent calculations with the different starting points are used to correct the failures of the GGA/GGA + U/HSE03 calculations. In the 4f-core case, GGA + G{sub 0}W{sub 0} calculations give a fundamental band gap of 1.72 eV, while GGA+ GW{sub 0} or GGA + GW calculations present a larger band gap. In the 4f-val case, the nonlocal exchange-correlation (xc) functional HSE03 can account much better for the strong localization of the 4f states than the semilocal or Hubbard U corrected xc functional in the Kohn–Sham equation. We show that the fundamental gap of the antiferromagnetic (AFM) or ferromagnetic (FM) GdH{sub 3} can be opened up by solving the QP equation with improved starting point of eigenvalues and wave functions given by HSE03. The HSE03 + G{sub 0}W{sub 0} calculations present a fundamental band gap of 2.73 eV in the AFM configuration, and the results of the corresponding GW{sub 0} and GW calculations are 2.89 and 3.03 eV, respectively. In general, for the cubic structure, the fundamental gap from G{sub 0}W{sub 0} calculations in the 4f-core case is the closest to the real result. By G{sub 0}W{sub 0} calculations in the 4f-core case, we find that H or Gd defects can strongly affect the band structure, especially the H defects. We explain the mechanism in terms of the possible electron correlation on the hydrogen site. Under compression, the insulator-to-metal transition in the cubic GdH{sub 3} occurs around 40 GPa, which might be a satisfied prediction.

  4. An imitative calculation of W/C, Mo/Si articifial multilayered films' structures and properties as X-ray monochromators

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Liu Wen; Liu Wenhan; Wu Ziqin

    1989-01-01

    An imitative calculation on W/C and Mo/Si artificial multilayered films have been made. The influences of total period numbers and deviation of period thickness on X-ray diffraction peak were given. Two difference diviations, random fluctuation and system linear deviation have been imitated, their influences on X-ray energy distinguish power have been compared

  5. Impact of arsenic/phosphorus substitution on the intrinsic conformational properties of the phosphodiester backbone of DNA investigated using ab initio quantum mechanical calculations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Denning, Elizabeth J; Mackerell, Alexander D

    2011-04-20

    Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is composed of five major elements carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus. The substitution of any of these elements in DNA would be anticipated to have major biological implications. However, recent studies have suggested that the substitution of arsenic into DNA (As-DNA) in bacteria may be possible. To help evaluate this possibility, ab initio quantum mechanical calculations are used to show that arsenodiester and phosphodiester linkages have similar geometric and conformational properties. Based on these results, it is suggested that the As-DNA will have similar conformational properties to phosphorus-based DNA, including the maintenance of base stacking.

  6. Ab initio I-V characteristics of short C-20 chains

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Roland, C.; Larade, B.; Taylor, Jeremy Philip

    2002-01-01

    We have calculated the I-V characteristics of short chains of C-20 molecular cages between Al and Au leads with an ab initio formalism. The results indicate that a linear chain of such molecules acts primarily as metallic nanowires. The transmission, however, depends sensitively both...

  7. How dielectric screening in two-dimensional crystals affects the convergence of excited-state calculations: Monolayer MoS2

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hüser, Falco; Olsen, Thomas; Thygesen, Kristian Sommer

    2013-01-01

    We present first-principles many-body calculations of the dielectric constant, quasiparticle band structure, and optical absorption spectrum of monolayer MoS2 using a supercell approach. As the separation between the periodically repeated layers is increased, the dielectric function of the layer...

  8. In search of zero thermal expansion anisotropy in Mo{sub 5}Si{sub 3} by strategic alloying

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Dharmawardhana, C.C., E-mail: ccdxz8@mail.umkc.edu; Sakidja, R., E-mail: sakidjar@umkc.edu; Aryal, S.; Ching, W.Y.

    2015-01-25

    Highlights: • For the first time, theoretical prediction of achieving isotropic thermal expansion anisotropy (TEA) for T1 phase Mo{sub 5}Si{sub 3} by alloying with a mere 17.5% Al substitution on the Si sites. Most effective alloying proposed for the said system up to date. • The theoretical approach is verified by simulating the experimentally observed unusual TEA behaviour for (Mo,V){sub 5}Si{sub 3} alloys as a function of percent alloying. • The 2nd order and 3rd order elastic constants we explain the origin of the TEA in T1 phase for Mo{sub 5}Si{sub 3} system and how Al effect in reducing the TEA. • We use directional dependent phonon density of state, a novel approach, to identify the origin of the anisotropy and show this method of analysis could be used for other intermetallic alloys as well. - Abstract: Reducing the thermal expansion anisotropy (TEA) of alloy compounds is one of the most important issues for their potential applications in high temperature environment. The Mo{sub 5}Si{sub 3} (T1 phase) is known to be an important intermetallic compound with high melting temperature. Unfortunately, its large TEA renders it unsuitable for high temperature structural/coating applications. Many attempts have been made in the past to reduce TEA by substituting Mo by other transition metal ions such as V with little success and some unexpected observations. Here we use accurate ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations to obtain the TEA from thermal expansion coefficients for two T1 phase alloy systems (Mo,V){sub 5}Si{sub 3} and Mo{sub 5}(Si,Al){sub 3}. We demonstrate that strategic alloying with Al substituting Si can achieve zero TEA for T1 phase. The microscopic origin of this outstanding thermomechanical properties in this alloy is explained by the calculation of higher order elastic constants in conjunction with atom and direction-resolved phonon density of states.

  9. Calibration of Sn-119 isomer shift using ab initio wave function methods

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Kurian, Reshmi; Filatov, Michael

    2009-01-01

    The isomer shift for the 23.87 keV M1 resonant transition in the Sn-119 nucleus is calibrated with the help of ab initio calculations. The calibration constant alpha(Sn-119) obtained from Hartree-Fock (HF) calculations (alpha(HF)(Sn-119)=(0.081 +/- 0.002)a(0)(-3) mm/s) and from second-order

  10. Thermodynamic calculation and an experimental study of the combustion synthesis of (Mo{sub 1−x}Nb{sub x})Si{sub 2} (0 ⩽ x ⩽ 1)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wang, Xiaohong, E-mail: matinbow@163.com; Lu, Qiong; Wu, Guangzhi; Shi, Jialing; Sun, Zhi

    2015-08-25

    Highlights: • (Mo{sub 1−x}Nb{sub x})Si{sub 2} alloys were synthesized by a simple and energy-saving process of SHS. • Theoretical adiabatic temperature of (Mo{sub 1−x}Nb{sub x})Si{sub 2} was calculated for the first time. • The variation of the actual temperature is consistent with theoretical temperature. - Abstract: The theoretical adiabatic temperature of (Mo{sub 1−x}Nb{sub x})Si{sub 2} (0 ⩽ x ⩽ 1) is calculated. The results indicate that the theoretical adiabatic temperature of (Mo{sub 1−x}Nb{sub x})Si{sub 2} increases with an increasing Nb content when (Mo{sub 1−x}Nb{sub x})Si{sub 2} is of a single-phase structure, but decreases with an increasing Nb content when (Mo{sub 1−x}Nb{sub x})Si{sub 2} is of a double-phase structure. All of the temperatures are higher than 1800 K, indicating that (Mo{sub 1−x}Nb{sub x})Si{sub 2} (0 ⩽ x ⩽ 1) can be prepared by the combustion synthesis method. In this work, (Mo{sub 1−x}Nb{sub x})Si{sub 2} (0 ⩽ x ⩽ 1) alloys are successfully synthesized by the combustion synthesis process from elemental powders of Mo, Nb, and Si. The highest combustion temperature and combustion product structure are studied. The results confirm that the variation of the experimental maximum combustion temperature of (Mo{sub 1−x}Nb{sub x})Si{sub 2} is consistent with that of the theoretical adiabatic temperature. The combustion products are non-equilibrium species, and a supersaturated solid solution of C11{sub b} type (Mo{sub 1−x}Nb{sub x})Si{sub 2} forms during combustion synthesis.

  11. Comparitive study of fluorescence lifetime quenching of rhodamine 6G by MoS2 and Au-MoS2

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shakya, Jyoti; Kasana, Parath; Mohanty, T.

    2018-04-01

    Time resolved fluorescence study of Rhodamine 6G (R6G) in the presence of Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets and gold doped MoS2 (Au-MoS2) have been carried out and discussed. We have analyzed the fluorescence decay curves of R6G and it is observed that Au-MoS2 is a better fluorescence lifetime quencher as compare to MoS2 nanosheets. Also, the energy transfer efficiency and energy transfer rate from R6G to MoS2 and Au-MoS2 has been calculated and found higher for Au-MoS2.

  12. Young Modulus of Crystalline Polyethylene from ab Initio Molecular Dynamics

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Hageman, J.C.L.; Meier, Robert J.; Heinemann, M.; Groot, R.A. de

    1997-01-01

    The Young modulus for crystalline polyethylene is calculated using ab initio molecular dynamics based on density functional theory in the local density approximation (DFT-LDA). This modulus, which can be seen as the ultimate value for the Young modulus of polyethylene fibers, is found to be 334 GPa.

  13. Ab initio and kinetic modeling studies of formic acid oxidation

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Marshall, Paul; Glarborg, Peter

    2015-01-01

    A detailed chemical kinetic model for oxidation of formic acid (HOCHO) in flames has been developed, based on theoretical work and data from literature. Ab initio calculations were used to obtain rate coefficients for reactions of HOCHO with H, O, and HO2. Modeling predictions with the mechanism...

  14. Precise Ab-initio prediction of terahertz vibrational modes in crystalline systems

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Jepsen, Peter Uhd; Clark, Stewart J.

    2007-01-01

    We use a combination of experimental THz time-domain spectroscopy and ab-initio density functional perturbative theory to accurately predict the terahertz vibrational spectrum of molecules in the crystalline phase. Our calculations show that distinct vibrational modes found in solid-state materials...

  15. Ab initio calculation of the interaction potentials of helium, neon, and methane as well as theoretical studies on their thermophysical properties and those of water vapor

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hellmann, Robert

    2009-01-01

    Thermophysical properties of the pure gases helium, neon, methane and water vapor were calculated for low densities over wide temperature ranges. Statistical thermodynamics was used for the determination of the pressure virial coefficients. The kinetic theory of gases was utilized for the calculation of the transport and relaxation properties. So far kinetic theory was limited to linear molecules and has now been extended to molecules of arbitrary geometry to enable calculations on methane and water vapor. The interaction potentials, which are needed for all computations, were determined for helium, neon and methane from the supermolecular approach using quantum chemical ab initio methods. For water the interaction potentials were taken from the literature. The calculated values of the thermophysical properties for the four gases show very good agreement with the best experimental data. At very low and very high temperatures the theoretical values are more accurate than experimental data. (orig.)

  16. Stereoelectronic control in peptide bond formation. Ab initio calculations and speculations on the mechanism of action of serine proteases.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gorenstein, D G; Taira, K

    1984-01-01

    Ab initio molecular orbital calculations have been performed on the reaction profile for the addition/elimination reaction between ammonia and formic acid, proceeding via a tetrahedral intermediate: NH3 + HCO2H----H2NCH(OH)2----NH2CHO + H2O. Calculated transition state energies for the first addition step of the reaction revealed that a lone pair on the oxygen of the OH group, which is antiperiplanar to the attacking nitrogen, stabilized the transition state by 3.9 kcal/mol, thus supporting the hypothesis of stereoelectronic control for this reaction. In addition, a secondary, counterbalancing stereoelectronic effect stabilizes the second step, water elimination, transition state by 3.1 kcal/mol if the lone pair on the leaving water oxygen is not antiperiplanar to the C-N bond. The best conformation for the transition states was thus one with a lone pair antiperiplanar to the adjacent scissile bond and also one without a lone-pair orbital on the scissile bond oxygen or nitrogen antiperiplanar to the adjacent polar bond. The significance of these stereoelectronic effects for the mechanism of action of serine proteases is discussed. PMID:6394065

  17. Electronic properties of liquid Hg-In alloys : Ab-initio molecular dynamics study

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sharma, Nalini; Ahluwalia, P. K.; Thakur, Anil

    2016-01-01

    Ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations are performed to study the structural properties of liquid Hg-In alloys. The interatomic interactions are described by ab-initio pseudopotentials given by Troullier and Martins. Three liquid Hg-In alloys (Hg_1_0In_9_0, Hg_3_0In_7_0_,_. Hg_5_0In_5_0, Hg_7_0In_3_0, and Hg_9_0Pb_1_0) at 299 K are considered. The calculated results for liquid Hg (l-Hg) and lead (l-In) are also drawn. Along with the calculated results of considered five liquid alloys of Hg-In alloy. The results obtained from electronic properties namely total density of state and partial density of states help to find the local arrangement of Hg and In atoms and the presence of liquid state in the considered five alloys.

  18. Electronic structure and magnetic properties of Pr-Co intermetallics: ab initio FP-LAPW calculations and correlation with experiments

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bakkari, Karim; Fersi, Riadh; Kebir Hlil, El; Bessais, Lotfi; Thabet Mliki, Najeh

    2018-03-01

    First-principle calculations combining density functional theory and the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method are performed to investigate the electronic and magnetic structure of Pr2Co7 in its two polymorphic forms, (2:7 H) and (2:7 R), for the first time. This type of calculation was also performed for PrCo5 and PrCo2 intermetallics. We have computed the valence density of states separately for spin-up and spin-down states in order to investigate the electronic band structure. This is governed by the strong contribution of the partial DOS of 3d-Co bands compared to the partial DOS of the 4f-Pr bands. Such a high ferromagnetic state is discussed in terms of the strong spin polarization observed in the total DOS. The magnetic moments carried by the Co and Pr atoms located in several sites for all compounds are computed. These results mainly indicate that cobalt atoms make a dominant contribution to the magnetic moments. The notable difference in the atomic moments of Pr and Co atoms between different structural slabs is explained in terms of the magnetic characteristics of the PrCo2 and PrCo5 compounds and the local chemical environments of the Pr and Co atoms in different structural slabs of Pr2Co7. From spin-polarized calculations we have simulated the 3d and 4f band population to estimate the local magnetic moments. These results are in accordance with the magnetic moments calculated using the FP-LAPW method. In addition, the exchange interactions J ij are calculated and used as input for M(T) simulations. Involving the data obtained from the electronic structure calculations, the appropriate Padé Table is applied to simulate the magnetization M(T) and to estimate the mean-field Curie temperature. We report a fairly good agreement between the ab initio calculation of magnetization and Curie temperature with the experimental data.

  19. Extended Fenske-Hall LCAO MO calculations of core-level shifts in solid P compounds

    Science.gov (United States)

    Franke, R.; Chassé, T.; Reinhold, J.; Streubel, P.; Szargan, R.

    1997-08-01

    Extended Fenske-Hall LCAO-MO ΔSCF calculations on solids modelled as H-pseudoatom saturated clusters are reported. The computational results verify the experimentally obtained initial-state (effective atomic charges, Madelung potential) and relaxation-energy contributions to the XPS phosphorus core-level binding energy shifts measured in Na 3PO 3S, Na 3PO 4, Na 2PO 3F and NH 4PF 6 in reference to red phosphorus. It is shown that the different initial-state contributions observed in the studied phosphates are determined by local and nonlocal terms while the relaxation-energy contributions are mainly dependent on the nature of the nearest neighbors of the phosphorus atom.

  20. Electronic properties of mixed molybdenum dichalcogenide MoTeSe: LCAO calculations and Compton spectroscopy

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ahuja, Ushma [Department of Electrical Engineering, Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute, H. R. Mahajani Marg, Matunga (East), Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra (India); Kumar, Kishor; Joshi, Ritu [Department of Physics, University College of Science, M.L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur 313001, Rajasthan (India); Bhavsar, D.N. [Department of Physics, Bhavan' s Seth R.A. College of Science, Khanpur, Ahmedabad 380001, Gujarat (India); Heda, N.L., E-mail: nlheda@yahoo.co.in [Department of Pure and Applied Physics, University of Kota, Kota 324007, Rajasthan (India)

    2016-07-01

    We have employed linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) method to compute the Mulliken’s population (MP), energy bands, density of states (DOS) and Compton profiles for hexagonal MoTeSe. The density functional theory (DFT) and hybridization of Hartree-Fock with DFT (B3LYP) have been used within the LCAO approximation. Performance of theoretical models has been tested by comparing the theoretical momentum densities with the experimental Compton profile of MoTeSe measured using {sup 137}Cs Compton spectrometer. It is seen that the B3LYP prescription gives a better agreement with the experimental data than other DFT based approximations. The energy bands and DOS depict an indirect band gap character in MoTeSe. In addition, a relative nature of bonding in MoTeSe and its isovalent MoTe{sub 2} is discussed in terms of equal-valence-electron-density (EVED) profiles. On the basis of EVED profiles it is seen that MoTeSe is more covalent than MoTe{sub 2}.

  1. Deformation behavior of Re alloyed Mo thin films on flexible substrates: In situ fragmentation analysis supported by first-principles calculations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jörg, Tanja; Music, Denis; Hauser, Filipe; Cordill, Megan J; Franz, Robert; Köstenbauer, Harald; Winkler, Jörg; Schneider, Jochen M; Mitterer, Christian

    2017-08-07

    A major obstacle in the utilization of Mo thin films in flexible electronics is their brittle fracture behavior. Within this study, alloying with Re is explored as a potential strategy to improve the resistance to fracture. The sputter-deposited Mo 1-x Re x films (with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.31) were characterized in terms of structural and mechanical properties, residual stresses as well as electrical resistivity. Their deformation behavior was assessed by straining 50 nm thin films on polyimide substrates in uniaxial tension, while monitoring crack initiation and propagation in situ by optical microscopy and electrical resistance measurements. A significant toughness enhancement occurs with increasing Re content for all body-centered cubic solid solution films (x ≤ 0.23). However, at higher Re concentrations (x > 0.23) the positive effect of Re is inhibited due to the formation of dual-phase films with the additional close packed A15 Mo 3 Re phase. The mechanisms responsible for the observed toughness behavior are discussed based on experimental observations and electronic structure calculations. Re gives rise to both increased plasticity and bond strengthening in these Mo-Re solid solutions.

  2. Self-consistent ab initio Calculations for Photoionization and Electron-Ion Recombination Using the R-Matrix Method

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nahar, S. N.

    2003-01-01

    Most astrophysical plasmas entail a balance between ionization and recombination. We present new results from a unified method for self-consistent and ab initio calculations for the inverse processes of photoionization and (e + ion) recombination. The treatment for (e + ion) recombination subsumes the non-resonant radiative recombination and the resonant dielectronic recombination processes in a unified scheme (S.N. Nahar and A.K. Pradhan, Phys. Rev. A 49, 1816 (1994);H.L. Zhang, S.N. Nahar, and A.K. Pradhan, J.Phys.B, 32,1459 (1999)). Calculations are carried out using the R-matrix method in the close coupling approximation using an identical wavefunction expansion for both processes to ensure self-consistency. The results for photoionization and recombination cross sections may also be compared with state-of-the-art experiments on synchrotron radiation sources for photoionization, and on heavy ion storage rings for recombination. The new experiments display heretofore unprecedented detail in terms of resonances and background cross sections and thereby calibrate the theoretical data precisely. We find a level of agreement between theory and experiment at about 10% for not only the ground state but also the metastable states. The recent experiments therefore verify the estimated accuracy of the vast amount of photoionization data computed under the OP, IP and related works. features. Present work also reports photoionization cross sections including relativistic effects in the Breit-Pauli R-matrix (BPRM) approximation. Detailed features in the calculated cross sections exhibit the missing resonances due to fine structure. Self-consistent datasets for photoionization and recombination have so far been computed for approximately 45 atoms and ions. These are being reported in a continuing series of publications in Astrophysical J. Supplements (e.g. references below). These data will also be available from the electronic database TIPTOPBASE (http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov)

  3. Rotational study of the CH4–CO complex: Millimeter-wave measurements and ab initio calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Surin, L. A.; Tarabukin, I. V.; Panfilov, V. A.; Schlemmer, S.; Kalugina, Y. N.; Faure, A.; Rist, C.; Avoird, A. van der

    2015-01-01

    The rotational spectrum of the van der Waals complex CH 4 –CO has been measured with the intracavity OROTRON jet spectrometer in the frequency range of 110–145 GHz. Newly observed and assigned transitions belong to the K = 2–1 subband correlating with the rotationless j CH4 = 0 ground state and the K = 2–1 and K = 0–1 subbands correlating with the j CH4 = 2 excited state of free methane. The (approximate) quantum number K is the projection of the total angular momentum J on the intermolecular axis. The new data were analyzed together with the known millimeter-wave and microwave transitions in order to determine the molecular parameters of the CH 4 –CO complex. Accompanying ab initio calculations of the intermolecular potential energy surface (PES) of CH 4 –CO have been carried out at the explicitly correlated coupled cluster level of theory with single, double, and perturbative triple excitations [CCSD(T)-F12a] and an augmented correlation-consistent triple zeta (aVTZ) basis set. The global minimum of the five-dimensional PES corresponds to an approximately T-shaped structure with the CH 4 face closest to the CO subunit and binding energy D e = 177.82 cm −1 . The bound rovibrational levels of the CH 4 –CO complex were calculated for total angular momentum J = 0–6 on this intermolecular potential surface and compared with the experimental results. The calculated dissociation energies D 0 are 91.32, 94.46, and 104.21 cm −1 for A (j CH4 = 0), F (j CH4 = 1), and E (j CH4 = 2) nuclear spin modifications of CH 4 –CO, respectively

  4. Ab Initio Predictions of Hexagonal Zr(B,C,N) Polymorphs for Coherent Interface Design

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hu, Chongze [Univ. of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN (United States); Huang, Jingsong [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Sumpter, Bobby G. [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Meletis, Efstathios [Univ. of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX (United States); Dumitrica, Traian [Univ. of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN (United States)

    2017-10-27

    Density functional theory calculations are used to explore hexagonal (HX) NiAs-like polymorphs of Zr(B,C,N) and compare with corresponding Zr(B,C,N) Hagg-like face-centered cubic rocksalt (B1) phases. While all predicted compounds are mechanically stable according to the Born-Huang criteria, only HX Zr(C,N) are found dynamically stable from ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and lattice dynamics calculations. HX ZrN emerges as a candidate structure with ground state energy, elastic constants, and extrinsic mechanical parameters comparable with those of B1 ZrN. Ab initio band structure and semi-classical Boltzmann transport calculations predict a metallic character and a monotonic increase in electrical conductivity with the number of valence electrons. Electronic structure calculations indicate that the HX phases gain their stability and mechanical attributes by Zr d- non-metal p hybridization and by broadening of Zr d bands. Furthermore, it is shown that the HX ZrN phase provides a low-energy coherent interface model for connecting B1 ZrN domains, with significant energetic advantage over an atomistic interface model derived from high resolution transmission electron microscopy images. The ab initio characterizations provided herein should aid the experimental identification of non-Hagg-like hard phases. Furthermore, the results can also enrich the variety of crystalline phases potentially available for designing coherent interfaces in superhard nanostructured materials and in materials with multilayer characteristics.

  5. Ab-initio atomic level stress and role of d-orbitals in CuZr, CuZn and CuY

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ojha, Madhusudan; Nicholson, Don M.; Egami, Takeshi

    2015-03-01

    Atomic level stress offers a new tool to characterize materials within the local approximation to density functional theory (DFT). Ab-initio atomic level stresses in B2 structures of CuZr, CuZn and CuY are calculated and results are explained on the basis of d-orbital contributions to Density of States (DOS). The overlap of d-orbital DOS plays an important role in the relative magnitude of atomic level stresses in these structures. The trends in atomic level stresses that we observed in these simple B2 structures are also seen in complex structures such as liquids, glasses and solid solutions. The stresses are however modified by the different coordination and relaxed separation distances in these complex structures. We used the Locally Self-Consistent Multiple Scattering (LSMS) code and Vienna Ab-initio Simulation Package (VASP) for ab-initio calculations.

  6. Accuracy and Transferability of Ab Initio Electronic Band Structure Calculations for Doped BiFeO3

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gebhardt, Julian; Rappe, Andrew M.

    2017-11-01

    BiFeO3 is a multiferroic material and, therefore, highly interesting with respect to future oxide electronics. In order to realize such devices, pn junctions need to be fabricated, which are currently impeded by the lack of successful p-type doping in this material. In order to guide the numerous research efforts in this field, we recently finished a comprehensive computational study, investigating the influence of many dopants onto the electronic structure of BiFeO3. In order to allow for this large scale ab initio study, the computational setup had to be accurate and efficient. Here we discuss the details of this assessment, showing that standard density-functional theory (DFT) yields good structural properties. The obtained electronic structure, however, suffers from well-known shortcomings. By comparing the conventional DFT results for alkali and alkaline-earth metal doping with more accurate hybrid-DFT calculations, we show that, in this case, the problems of standard DFT go beyond a simple systematic error. Conventional DFT shows bad transferability and the more reliable hybrid-DFT has to be chosen for a qualitatively correct prediction of doping induced changes in the electronic structure of BiFeO3.

  7. Asymmetrical distorted structure, dynamics, and reactions of the silacyclohexane and related radical cations: ESR and ab-initio MO study

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Komaguchi, Kenji; Shiotani, Masaru; Ishikawa, Mitsuo

    1995-01-01

    The σ-type radical cations generated by one electron oxidation of the saturated hydrocarbon have been attracted much attention because of their fundamental importance as primary reactant species in radiation chemistry. Our studies on σ-type radical cations were recently extended to the silacyclohexane (cSiC5), silacyclopentane (cSiC4), and silacyclobutane (cSiC3) radical cations. Their electronic structure, dynamics, and reactions were investigated by means of low temperature matrix isolation ESR technique combined with ionizing radiation (γ-rays from 60 Co). In the preceding paper, the 1-methylsilacyclohexane (1-Me-cSiC5) radical cation has been found to take an asymmetrically distorted C 1 structure with one of two Si-C bonds elongated in which the unpaired electron mainly resides ( 2 A in C 1 ). This conclusion was based on the 4.2 K ESR spectra of radical cations of selectively deuteriated and/or methylsubstituted silacyclohexanes, i.e., cSiC5-2,2,6,6-d 4 + , 1-Me-cSiC5 + , 1-Me-cSiC5-2,2-d 2 + , 1-Me-cSiC5-2,2,6,6-d 4 + , 1,1-Me 2 -cSiC5 + , and 4,4-Me 2 -cSiC5 + , in a frozen CF 3 -cC 6 F 11 matrix. Here we report further experimental and theoretical results on 1-methylsilacyclohexane radical cation, especially on the ab initio MO results and matrix effects on the structural distortion, as well as thermal reactions of the radical cations. The results will make it clear that the distorted C 1 structure of the 1-Me-cSiC5 + is the intrinsic nature at the ground electronic state. (J.P.N.)

  8. Interstitial Mo-Assisted Photovoltaic Effect in Multilayer MoSe2 Phototransistors.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Sunkook; Maassen, Jesse; Lee, Jiyoul; Kim, Seung Min; Han, Gyuchull; Kwon, Junyeon; Hong, Seongin; Park, Jozeph; Liu, Na; Park, Yun Chang; Omkaram, Inturu; Rhyee, Jong-Soo; Hong, Young Ki; Yoon, Youngki

    2018-03-01

    Thin-film transistors (TFTs) based on multilayer molybdenum diselenide (MoSe 2 ) synthesized by modified atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) exhibit outstanding photoresponsivity (103.1 A W -1 ), while it is generally believed that optical response of multilayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is significantly limited due to their indirect bandgap and inefficient photoexcitation process. Here, the fundamental origin of such a high photoresponsivity in the synthesized multilayer MoSe 2 TFTs is sought. A unique structural characteristic of the APCVD-grown MoSe 2 is observed, in which interstitial Mo atoms exist between basal planes, unlike usual 2H phase TMDs. Density functional theory calculations and photoinduced transfer characteristics reveal that such interstitial Mo atoms form photoreactive electronic states in the bandgap. Models indicate that huge photoamplification is attributed to trapped holes in subgap states, resulting in a significant photovoltaic effect. In this study, the fundamental origin of high responsivity with synthetic MoSe 2 phototransistors is identified, suggesting a novel route to high-performance, multifunctional 2D material devices for future wearable sensor applications. © 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  9. Study of interfacial strain at the α-Al2O3/monolayer MoS2 interface by first principle calculations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yu, Sheng; Ran, Shunjie; Zhu, Hao; Eshun, Kwesi; Shi, Chen; Jiang, Kai; Gu, Kunming; Seo, Felix Jaetae; Li, Qiliang

    2018-01-01

    With the advances in two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) based metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), the interface between the semiconductor channel and gate dielectrics has received considerable attention due to its significant impacts on the morphology and charge transport of the devices. In this study, first principle calculations were utilized to investigate the strain effect induced by the interface between crystalline α-Al2O3 (0001)/h-MoS2 monolayer. The results indicate that the 1.3 nm Al2O3 can induce a 0.3% tensile strain on the MoS2 monolayer. The strain monotonically increases with thicker dielectric layers, inducing more significant impact on the properties of MoS2. In addition, the study on temperature effect indicates that the increasing temperature induces monotonic lattice expansion. This study clearly indicates that the dielectric engineering can effectively tune the properties of 2D TMDCs, which is very attractive for nanoelectronics.

  10. An ab initio study of hydrotreating of thiirene and thiirane on MoS 3 ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    The catalytic site used is based on molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), which is considered ... Two steps characterise the desulfurization process: the adsorption and the ... catalytic site and molecules obtained in previous works in the EHT method.

  11. Efficacy of the SU(3) scheme for ab initio large-scale calculations beyond the lightest nuclei

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Dytrych, Tomáš; Maris, P.; Launey, K. D.; Draayer, J. P.; Vary, J. P.; Langr, D.; Saule, E.; Caprio, M. A.; Catalyurek, U.; Sosonkina, M.

    2016-01-01

    Roč. 207, OCT (2016), s. 202-210 ISSN 0010-4655 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA16-16772S Institutional support: RVO:61389005 Keywords : nuclear structure * Ab initio methods * Shell model * models based on group theory Subject RIV: BE - Theoretical Physics Impact factor: 3.936, year: 2016

  12. Synthesis, spectroscopic studies, DFT calculations, electrochemical evaluation, BSA binding and molecular docking of an aroylhydrazone -based cis-dioxido Mo(VI) complex

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mohamadi, Maryam; Faghih-Mirzaei, Ehsan; Ebrahimipour, S. Yousef; Sheikhshoaie, Iran; Haase, Wolfgang; Foro, Sabine

    2017-07-01

    A cis-dioxido Mo(VI) complex, [MoO2(L)(MeOH)], [L2-: (3-methoxy-2-oxidobenzylidene) benzohydrazonate], has been synthesized and characterized using physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques including elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1HNMR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, molar conductivity and single crystal X-ray diffraction. DFT calculations in the ground state of the complex were carried out using hybrid functional B3LYP with DGDZVP as basis set. Non-linear optical properties including electric dipole moment (μ), polarizability (α) and molecular first hyperpolarizability (β) of the compound were also computed. The values of linear polarizability and first hyperpolarizability obtained for the studied molecule indicated that the compound could be a good candidate of nonlinear optical materials. TD-DFT calculation and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) were also performed. The thermodynamic properties (heat capacity, entropy, and enthalpy) of the complex at different temperatures have been calculated. The interaction of a synthesized complex, with bovine serum albumin was also thoroughly investigated using experimental and theoretical studies. UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence quenching techniques were used to determine the binding parameters as well as the mechanism of the interaction. The values of binding constants were in the range of 104-105 M-1 demonstrating a moderate interaction between the synthesized complex and BSA making the protein suitable for transportation and delivery of the compound. Thermodynamic parameters were also indicating a binding through van der Waals force or hydrogen bond of [MoO2(L)(MeOH)] to BSA. The results obtained from docking studies were consistent to those obtained from experimental studies.

  13. Transition state theory thermal rate constants and RRKM-based branching ratios for the N((2)D) + CH(4) reaction based on multi-state and multi-reference ab initio calculations of interest for the Titan's chemistry.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ouk, Chanda-Malis; Zvereva-Loëte, Natalia; Scribano, Yohann; Bussery-Honvault, Béatrice

    2012-10-30

    Multireference single and double configuration interaction (MRCI) calculations including Davidson (+Q) or Pople (+P) corrections have been conducted in this work for the reactants, products, and extrema of the doublet ground state potential energy surface involved in the N((2)D) + CH(4) reaction. Such highly correlated ab initio calculations are then compared with previous PMP4, CCSD(T), W1, and DFT/B3LYP studies. Large relative differences are observed in particular for the transition state in the entrance channel resolving the disagreement between previous ab initio calculations. We confirm the existence of a small but positive potential barrier (3.86 ± 0.84 kJ mol(-1) (MR-AQCC) and 3.89 kJ mol(-1) (MRCI+P)) in the entrance channel of the title reaction. The correlation is seen to change significantly the energetic position of the two minima and five saddle points of this system together with the dissociation channels but not their relative order. The influence of the electronic correlation into the energetic of the system is clearly demonstrated by the thermal rate constant evaluation and it temperature dependance by means of the transition state theory. Indeed, only MRCI values are able to reproduce the experimental rate constant of the title reaction and its behavior with temperature. Similarly, product branching ratios, evaluated by means of unimolecular RRKM theory, confirm the NH production of Umemoto et al., whereas previous works based on less accurate ab initio calculations failed. We confirm the previous findings that the N((2)D) + CH(4) reaction proceeds via an insertion-dissociation mechanism and that the dominant product channels are CH(2)NH + H and CH(3) + NH. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  14. Oxide nanostructures on a Nb surface and related systems: experiments and ab initio calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kuznetsov, Mikhail V; Razinkin, A S; Ivanovskii, Alexander L

    2011-01-01

    This review discusses the state of the art in two related research areas: the surfaces of niobium and of its related group IV-VI transition metals, and surface (primarily oxide) nanostructures that form on niobium (and group IV-VI d-metals) due to gas adsorption or impurity diffusion from the bulk. Experimental (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, photoelectron diffraction, scanning tunneling microscopy) and theoretical (ab initio simulation) results on d-metal surfaces are summarized and reviewed. (reviews of topical problems)

  15. Ab initio study of the bcc-hcp transformation in iron

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Friák, Martin; Šob, Mojmír

    2008-01-01

    Roč. 77, č. 17 (2008), 174117/1-174117/7 ISSN 1098-0121 R&D Projects: GA MŠk OC 147; GA AV ČR IAA1041302 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z20410507 Keywords : ab initio calculations * phase transformations * iron Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism Impact factor: 3.322, year: 2008

  16. Structure and thermal properties of as-fabricated U-7Mo/Mg and U-10Mo/Mg low-enriched uranium research reactor fuels

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kulakov, Mykola, E-mail: mykola.kulakov@cnl.ca [Fuel Development Branch, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0 Canada (Canada); Saoudi, Mouna [Fuel Development Branch, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0 Canada (Canada); Piro, Markus H.A. [Fuel and Fuel Channel Safety Branch, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0 Canada (Canada); Donaberger, Ronald L. [Canadian Neutron Beam Centre, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0 Canada (Canada)

    2017-02-15

    Aluminum-clad U-7Mo/Mg and U-10Mo/Mg pin-type mini-elements (with a core uranium loading of 4.5 gU/cm{sup 3}) have been fabricated at the Canadian Nuclear Laboratories for experimental tests and ultimately for use in research and test reactors. In this study, the microstructure and phase composition of unirradiated U-7Mo/Mg and U-10Mo/Mg fuel cores were analyzed using optical and scanning electron microscopy, and neutron powder diffraction. Thermal properties were characterized using a combination of experimental measurements and thermodynamic calculations. The thermal diffusivity was measured using the laser flash method. The temperature-dependent specific heat capacities were calculated based on the linear rule of mixture using the weight fraction of different crystalline phases and their specific heat capacity values taken from the literature. The thermal conductivity was then calculated using the measured thermal diffusivity, the measured density and the calculated specific heat capacity. The resulting thermal conductivity is practically identical for both types of fuel. The in-reactor temperatures were predicted using conjugate heat transfer simulations. - Highlights: • Neutron diffraction analysis shows that most of the γ-U(Mo) phase was retained in as-fabricated U-7Mo/Mg and U-10Mo/Mg fuel cores. • The experimental thermal conductivity of both types of fuel is practically identical. • Based on conjugate heat transfer simulations, under normal operating conditions, the in-reactor fuel centreline temperature is about 510 K.

  17. Atomic physics for fusion plasma spectroscopy; a soft x-ray study of molybdenum ions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fournier, K.B.

    1996-01-01

    Understanding the radiative patterns of the ions of heavy atoms (Z approx-gt 18) is crucial to fusion experiments. The present thesis applies ab initio, relativistic calculations of atomic data to modeling the emission of molybdenum (Z = 42) ions in magnetically confined fusion plasmas. The models are compared to observations made in the Alcator C-Mod tokamak (Plasma Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology), and the Frascati Tokamak Upgrade. Experimental confirmation of these models allows confidence in calculations of the total molybdenum concentration and quantitative estimates of the total power lost from the plasmas due to molybdenum line radiation. Charge states in the plasma core (Mo 33+ to Mo 29+ ) emit strong x-ray and XUV spectra which allow benchmarking of models for the spatial distribution of highly stripped molybdenum ions; the models only achieve agreement with observations when the rates of indirect ionization and recombination processes are included in the calculation of the charge state distribution of the central molybdenum ions. The total concentration of molybdenum in the core of the plasma is found, and the total power radiated from the plasma core is computed. Observations of line emission from more highly charged molybdenum ions (Mo 36+ to Mo 34+ ) are presented. open-quotes Bulkclose quotes molybdenum charge states (Mo 25+ to Mo 23+ ) emit complicated XUV spectra from a position in the plasma near C-Mod's half radius; spatial profiles of these ions' emission are analyzed. Models for the line-emission spectra of adjacent ions (Mo 28+ to Mo 26+ ) are offered, and the accuracy and limits of ab initio energy level calculations are discussed. open-quotes Edgeclose quotes charge states (Mo 22+ to Mo 15 ) extend to the last closed magnetic flux surface of the C-Mod plasma. The strongest features from these charge states are emitted in a narrow band from ∼70 Angstrom

  18. Ab initio study of the positronation of the CaO and SrO molecules including calculation of annihilation rates.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Buenker, Robert J; Liebermann, Heinz-Peter

    2012-07-15

    Ab initio multireference single- and double-excitation configuration interaction calculations have been performed to compute potential curves for ground and excited states of the CaO and SrO molecules and their positronic complexes, e(+)CaO, and e(+)SrO. The adiabatic dissociation limit for the (2)Σ(+) lowest states of the latter systems consists of the positive metal ion ground state (M(+)) and the OPs complex (e(+)O(-)), although the lowest energy limit is thought to be e(+)M + O. Good agreement is found between the calculated and experimental spectroscopic constants for the neutral diatomics wherever available. The positron affinity of the closed-shell X (1)Σ(+) ground states of both systems is found to lie in the 0.16-0.19 eV range, less than half the corresponding values for the lighter members of the alkaline earth monoxide series, BeO and MgO. Annihilation rates (ARs) have been calculated for all four positronated systems for the first time. The variation with bond distance is generally similar to what has been found earlier for the alkali monoxide series of positronic complexes, falling off gradually from the OPs AR value at their respective dissociation limits. The e(+)SrO system shows some exceptional behavior, however, with its AR value reaching a minimum at a relatively large bond distance and then rising to more than twice the OPs value close to its equilibrium distance. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  19. Ab initio calculation of transition state normal mode properties and rate constants for the H(T)+CH4(CD4) abstraction and exchange reactions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Schatz, G.C.; Walch, S.P.; Wagner, A.F.

    1980-01-01

    We present ab initio (GVB--POL--CI) calculations for enough of the region about the abstraction and exchange saddle points for H(T)+CH 4 (CD 4 ) to perform a full normal mode analysis of the transition states. The resulting normal mode frequencies are compared to four other published surfaces: an ab initio UHF--SCF calculation by Carsky and Zahradnik, a semiempirical surface by Raff, and two semiempirical surfaces by Kurylo, Hollinden, and Timmons. Significant quantitative and qualitative differences exist between the POL--CI results and those of the other surfaces. Transition state theory rate constants and vibrationally adiabatic reaction threshold energies were computed for all surfaces and compared to available experimental values. For abstraction, the POL--CI rates are in good agreement with experimental rates and in better agreement than are the rates of any of the other surfaces. For exchange, uncertainties in the experimental values and in the importance of vibrationally nonadiabatic effects cloud the comparison of theory to experiment. Tentative conclusions are that the POL--CI barrier is too low by several kcal. Unless vibrationaly nonadiabatic effects are severe, the POL--CI surface is still in better agreement with experiment than are the other surfaces. The rates for a simple 3-atom transition state theory model (where CH 3 is treated as an atom) are compared to the rates for the full 6-atom model. The kinetic energy coupling of reaction coordinate modes to methyl group modes is identified as being of primary importance in determining the accuracy of the 3-atom model for this system. Substantial coupling in abstraction, but not exchange, causes the model to fail for abstraction but succeed for exchange

  20. Ab initio study of gas phase and water-assisted tautomerization of ...

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    WINTEC

    Water-assisted tautomerization in maleimide and formamide showed that difference in energy barrier reduces to 2⋅83 kcal/mol from 10⋅41 kcal/mol (in gas phase) at B3LYP level, which resulted that maleimide readily undergoes tautomerization in water molecule. Keywords. Ab Initio calculations; maleimide; formamide; ...

  1. Equations of state of heavy metals: ab initio approaches; Equations d'etat des metaux lourds: approches ab initio

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bernard, S.; Jollet, F.; Jomard, G.; Siberchicot, B.; Torrent, M.; Zerah, G.; Amadon, B.; Bouchet, J.; Richard, N.; Robert, G. [CEA Bruyeres-le-Chatel, 91 (France)

    2005-07-01

    The determination of equations of states of heavy metals through ab initio calculation, i.e. without any adjustable parameter, allows to access to pressure and temperature thermodynamic conditions sometimes inaccessible to experiment. To perform such calculations, density functional theory (DFT) is a good starting point: when electronic densities are homogeneous enough, the local density approximation (LDA) remarkably accounts for thermodynamic properties of heavy metals, such as tantalum, or the light actinides, as well for static properties - equilibrium volume, elastic constants - as for dynamical quantities like phonon spectra. For heavier elements, like neptunium or plutonium, relativistic effects and strong electronic interactions must be taken into account, which requires more sophisticated theoretical approaches. (authors)

  2. Temperature dependence of the EFG at Cd-doped Lu{sub 2}O{sub 3}: How ab initio calculations can complement PAC experiments

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Errico, L.A.; Renteria, M.; Bibiloni, A.G.; Darriba, G.N. [Departamento de Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CC 67, 1900 La Plata (Argentina)

    2005-08-01

    We report an ab initio study of the temperature dependence of the electric-field gradient (EFG) tensor at Cd impurities replacing cations in Lu{sub 2}O{sub 3}. Calculations were performed with the Full-Potential Linearized-Augmented Plane Wave method that allows us to treat the electronic structure and the processes induced by the impurity in the host-lattice without the use of external parameters. In this new insight, the EFG thermal dependence arises from the ionization of an impurity acceptor level introduced in the band-gap of Lu{sub 2}O{sub 3} by Cd impurities, in good agreement with a previously proposed two state model. (copyright 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim) (orig.)

  3. First-principle study of hydrogenation on monolayer MoS2

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Xu, Yong; Li, Yin; Chen, Xi; Zhang, Ru; Zhang, Chunfang; Lu, Pengfei

    2016-01-01

    The structural and electronic properties of hydrogenation on 1H-MoS 2 and 1T-MoS 2 have been systematically explored by using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our calculated results indicate an energetically favorable chemical interaction between H and MoS 2 monolayer for H adsorption when increasing concentration of H atoms. For 1H-MoS 2 , single H atom adsorption creates midgap approaching the Fermi level which increases the n-type carrier concentration effectively. As a consequence, its electrical conductivity is expected to increase significantly. For 1T-MoS 2 , H atoms adsorption can lead to the opening of a direct gap of 0.13 eV compared to the metallic pristine 1T-MoS 2 .

  4. Ab initio lattice dynamics of metal surfaces

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Heid, R.; Bohnen, K.-P.

    2003-01-01

    Dynamical properties of atoms on surfaces depend sensitively on their bonding environment and thus provide valuable insight into the local geometry and chemical binding at the boundary of a solid. Density-functional theory provides a unified approach to the calculation of structural and dynamical properties from first principles. Its high accuracy and predictive power for lattice dynamical properties of semiconductor surfaces has been demonstrated in a previous article by Fritsch and Schroeder (Phys. Rep. 309 (1999) 209). In this report, we review the state-of-the-art of these ab initio approaches to surface dynamical properties of metal surfaces. We give a brief introduction to the conceptual framework with focus on recent advances in computational procedures for the ab initio linear-response approach, which have been a prerequisite for an efficient treatment of surface dynamics of noble and transition metals. The discussed applications to clean and adsorbate-covered surfaces demonstrate the high accuracy and reliability of this approach in predicting detailed microscopic properties of the phonon dynamics for a wide range of metallic surfaces

  5. High-throughput ab-initio dilute solute diffusion database.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wu, Henry; Mayeshiba, Tam; Morgan, Dane

    2016-07-19

    We demonstrate automated generation of diffusion databases from high-throughput density functional theory (DFT) calculations. A total of more than 230 dilute solute diffusion systems in Mg, Al, Cu, Ni, Pd, and Pt host lattices have been determined using multi-frequency diffusion models. We apply a correction method for solute diffusion in alloys using experimental and simulated values of host self-diffusivity. We find good agreement with experimental solute diffusion data, obtaining a weighted activation barrier RMS error of 0.176 eV when excluding magnetic solutes in non-magnetic alloys. The compiled database is the largest collection of consistently calculated ab-initio solute diffusion data in the world.

  6. Ab initio study on electron excitation and electron transfer in tryptophan-tyrosine system

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tong Jing; Li Xiangyuan

    2002-01-01

    In this article, ab initio calculation has been performed to evaluate the transition energy of electronic excitation in tryptophan and tyrosine by using semiempirical molecular orbital method AM1 and complete active space self-consistent field method. The solvent effect has been considered by means of the conductor-like screening model. After geometric optimizations of isolated tryptophan and tyrosine, and their corresponding radicals and cations, reaction heat of these electron transfer reactions have been obtained by the means of complete active space self-consistent field method. The transition energies from the ground state, respectively, to the lowest excited state and to the lowest triplet state of these two amino acids are also calculated and compared with the experimentally observed values. The ionization potential and electron affinity are also calculated for tryptophan and tyrosine employing Koopmans' theorem and ab initio calculation. Compared with the experimental measurements, the theoretical results are found satisfactory. Theoretical results give good explanations on the experimental phenomena that N 3 · can preferably oxide the side chain of tryptophan residue and then the electron transfer from tyrosine residue to tryptophan residue follows in peptides involving tryptophan and tyrosine

  7. Ab initio study of antiphase boundaries and stacking faults in L12 and DO22 compounds

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Rosengaard, N. M.; Skriver, Hans Lomholt

    1994-01-01

    We have performed ab initio calculations of the energies of antiphase boundaries as well as complex and superlattice intrinsic stacking faults in nine intermetallic compounds observed in the face-centered-cubic L1(2) and DO22 structures. The calculations were performed by means of a Green...

  8. Embedding Fragment ab Initio Model Potentials in CASSCF/CASPT2 Calculations of Doped Solids: Implementation and Applications.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Swerts, Ben; Chibotaru, Liviu F; Lindh, Roland; Seijo, Luis; Barandiaran, Zoila; Clima, Sergiu; Pierloot, Kristin; Hendrickx, Marc F A

    2008-04-01

    In this article, we present a fragment model potential approach for the description of the crystalline environment as an extension of the use of embedding ab initio model potentials (AIMPs). The biggest limitation of the embedding AIMP method is the spherical nature of its model potentials. This poses problems as soon as the method is applied to crystals containing strongly covalently bonded structures with highly nonspherical electron densities. The newly proposed method addresses this problem by keeping the full electron density as its model potential, thus allowing one to group sets of covalently bonded atoms into fragments. The implementation in the MOLCAS 7.0 quantum chemistry package of the new method, which we call the embedding fragment ab inito model potential method (embedding FAIMP), is reported here, together with results of CASSCF/CASPT2 calculations. The developed methodology is applied for two test problems: (i) the investigation of the lowest ligand field states (2)A1 and (2)B1 of the Cr(V) defect in the YVO4 crystal and (ii) the investigation of the lowest ligand field and ligand-metal charge transfer (LMCT) states at the Mn(II) substitutional impurity doped into CaCO3. Comparison with similar calculations involving AIMPs for all environmental atoms, including those from covalently bounded units, shows that the FAIMP treatment of the YVO4 units surrounding the CrO4(3-) cluster increases the excitation energy (2)B1 → (2)A1 by ca. 1000 cm(-1) at the CASSCF level of calculation. In the case of the Mn(CO3)6(10-) cluster, the FAIMP treatment of the CO3(2-) units of the environment give smaller corrections, of ca. 100 cm(-1), for the ligand-field excitation energies, which is explained by the larger ligands of this cluster. However, the correction for the energy of the lowest LMCT transition is found to be ca. 600 cm(-1) for the CASSCF and ca. 1300 cm(-1) for the CASPT2 calculation.

  9. Ab initio effective core potentials for molecular calculations. Potentials for K to Au including the outermost core orbitals

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hay, P.J.; Wadt, W.R.

    1985-01-01

    Ab initio effective core potentials (ECP's) have been generated to replace the innermost core electron for third-row (K--Au), fourth-row (Rb--Ag), and fifth-row (Cs--Au) atoms. The outermost core orbitals: corresponding to the ns 2 np 6 configuration for the three rows here: are not replaced by the ECP but are treated on an equal footing with the nd, (n+1)s and (n+1)p valence orbitals. These ECP's have been derived for use in molecular calculations where these outer core orbitals need to be treated explicitly rather than to be replaced by an ECP. The ECP's for the forth and fifth rows also incorporate the mass--velocity and Darwin relativistic effects into the potentials. Analytic fits to the potentials are presented for use in multicenter integral evaluation. Gaussian orbital valence basis sets are developed for the (3s, 3p, 3d, 4s, 4p), (4s, 4p, 4d, 5s, 5p), and (5s, 5p, 5d, 6s, 6p) ortibals of the three respective rows

  10. Ab Initio Electronic Structure Calculation of [4Fe-3S] Cluster of Hydrogenase as Dihydrogen Dissociation/Production Catalyst

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Jaehyun; Kang, Jiyoung; Nishigami, Hiroshi; Kino, Hiori; Tateno, Masaru

    2018-03-01

    Hydrogenases catalyze both the dissociation and production of dihydrogen (H2). Most hydrogenases are inactivated rapidly and reactivated slowly (in vitro), in the presence of dioxygen (O2) and H2, respectively. However, membrane-bound [NiFe] hydrogenases (MBHs) sustain their activity even together with O2, which is termed "O2 tolerance". In previous experimental analyses, an MBH was shown to include a hydroxyl ion (OH-) bound to an Fe of the super-oxidized [4Fe-3S]5+ cluster in the proximity of the [NiFe] catalytic cluster. In this study, the functional role of the OH- in the O2 tolerance was investigated by ab initio electronic structure calculation of the [4Fe-3S] proximal cluster. The analysis revealed that the OH- significantly altered the electronic structure, thereby inducing the delocalization of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) toward the [NiFe] catalytic cluster, which may intermediate the electron transfer between the catalytic and proximal clusters. This can promote the O2-tolerant catalytic cycle in the hydrogenase reaction.

  11. Relaxation of energetic S(1D) atoms in Xe gas: comparison of ab initio calculations with experimental data.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bovino, S; Zhang, P; Kharchenko, V; Dalgarno, A

    2011-07-14

    In this paper, we report our investigation of the translational energy relaxation of fast S((1)D) atoms in a Xe thermal bath. The interaction potential of Xe-S was constructed using ab initio methods. Total and differential cross sections were then calculated. The latter have been incorporated into the construction of the kernel of the Boltzmann equation describing the energy relaxation process. The solution of the Boltzmann equation was obtained and results were compared with those reported in experiments [G. Nan, and P. L. Houston, J. Chem. Phys. 97, 7865 (1992)]. Good agreement with the measured time-dependent relative velocity of fast S((1)D) atoms was obtained except at long relaxation times. The discrepancy may be due to the error accumulation caused by the use of hard sphere approximation and the Monte Carlo analysis of the experimental data. Our accurate description of the energy relaxation process led to an increase in the number of collisions required to achieve equilibrium by an order of magnitude compared to the number given by the hard-sphere approximation.

  12. The application of rational approximation in the calculation of a temperature field with a non-linear surface heat-transfer coefficient during quenching for 42CrMo steel cylinder

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cheng, Heming; Huang, Xieqing; Fan, Jiang; Wang, Honggang

    1999-10-01

    The calculation of a temperature field has a great influence upon the analysis of thermal stresses and stains during quenching. In this paper, a 42CrMo steel cylinder was used an example for investigation. From the TTT diagram of the 42CrMo steel, the CCT diagram was simulated by mathematical transformation, and the volume fraction of phase constituents was calculated. The thermal physical properties were treated as functions of temperature and the volume fraction of phase constituents. The rational approximation was applied to the finite element method. The temperature field with phase transformation and non-linear surface heat-transfer coefficients was calculated using this technique, which can effectively avoid oscillationin the numerical solution for a small time step. The experimental results of the temperature field calculation coincide with the numerical solutions.

  13. Hydrogenation of ethene catalyzed by Ir atom deposited on γ-Al2O3(001) surface: From ab initio calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chen, Yongchang; Sun, Zhaolin; Song, Lijuan; Li, Qiang; Xu, Ming

    2012-01-01

    Ethene hydrogenation reaction, catalyzed by an iridium atom adsorbed on γ-Al 2 O 3 (001) surface, is studied via ab initio calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). The catalyzed reaction process and activation energy are compared with the counterparts of a reaction occurs in vacuum condition. It is found that the activation energy barrier is substantially lowered by the adsorbed Ir atom on the γ-Al 2 O 3 (001). The catalyzed reaction is modeled in two steps: (1) Hydrogen molecular dissolution and then bonded with C 2 H 4 molecular. (2) Desorption of the C 2 H 6 molecular from the surface. -- Highlights: ► The ethene hydrogenation reaction is simulated with nudged elastic band methods. ► The catalytic effect of the Ir atom on γ-Al 2 O 3 (001) surface is modeled. ► Details of the catalytic reaction are exhibited.

  14. Multi-scale modelling of radiation damage in Fe-Cr based on ab initio electronic structure calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Olsson, Paer

    2004-04-01

    The efficiency of fast neutron reactors, such as for fusion, breeding and transmutation, depend strongly on the neutron radiation resistance of the materials used in the reactors. The binary Fe-Cr alloy, which has many attractive properties in this regard, is the base for the best steels of today which are, however, still not up to the required standards. Therefore, substantial effort has been devoted to finding new materials that can cope with the demands better. Experimental studies must be complemented with extensive theoretical modelling in order to understand the effects that different alloying elements has on the resistance properties of materials. To this end, the first steps of multi-scale modelling has been taken, starting out with ab initio calculations of the electronic structure of the complete concentration range range of the disordered binary Fe-C alloy. The mixing enthalpy of Fe-Cr has been quantitatively predicted and has, together with data from literature, been used in order to fit two sets of interatomic potentials for the purpose of simulating defect evolution with molecular dynamics and kinetic Monte-Carlo codes. These dedicated Fe-Cr alloy potentials are new and represent important additions to the pure element potentials that can be found in literature

  15. Multi-scale modelling of radiation damage in Fe-Cr based on ab initio electronic structure calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Olsson, Paer

    2004-04-01

    The efficiency of fast neutron reactors, such as for fusion, breeding and transmutation, depend strongly on the neutron radiation resistance of the materials used in the reactors. The binary Fe-Cr alloy, which has many attractive properties in this regard, is the base for the best steels of today which are, however, still not up to the required standards. Therefore, substantial effort has been devoted to finding new materials that can cope with the demands better. Experimental studies must be complemented with extensive theoretical modelling in order to understand the effects that different alloying elements has on the resistance properties of materials. To this end, the first steps of multi-scale modelling has been taken, starting out with ab initio calculations of the electronic structure of the complete concentration range range of the disordered binary Fe-C alloy. The mixing enthalpy of Fe-Cr has been quantitatively predicted and has, together with data from literature, been used in order to fit two sets of interatomic potentials for the purpose of simulating defect evolution with molecular dynamics and kinetic Monte-Carlo codes. These dedicated Fe-Cr alloy potentials are new and represent important additions to the pure element potentials that can be found in literature.

  16. Effects of Mo Content on Microstructure and Mechanical Property of PH13-8Mo Martensitic Precipitation-Hardened Stainless Steel

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yubing, Pei; Tianjian, Wang; Zhenhuan, Gao; Hua, Fan; Gongxian, Yang

    This paper introduces the effects of Mo content on microstructure and mechanical property of PH13-8Mo martensitic precipitation-hardened stainless steel which is used for LP last stage blade in steam turbine. Thermodynamic software Thermo-Calc has been used to calculate precipitation temperature and the mass fraction of precipitated phases in PH13-8Mo steel with different Mo content. The result shows that when the mass of Mo is below 0.6wt.%, chi-phase mu-phase and sigma-phase could disappear. The microstructure and mechanical property of high Mo PH13-8Mo (Mo=0.57wt.%) and low Mo PH13-8Mo (Mo=2.15wt.%)have been investigated in different heat treatments. The investigations reveal that austenitizing temperature decrease with the reduce of Mo content, so the optimum solution temperature for low Mo PH13-8Mo is lower than that for high Mo PH13-8Mo.The influence of solution temperature on grain size is weakened with the increase of Mo content, Mo rich carbides could retard coarsening of grain. An enormous amount of nano-size uniformly distributed β-NiAl particles are found in both kinds of steels using transmission electron microscopy, they are the most important strengthening phase in PH13-8Mo.

  17. GAUSSIAN 76: an ab initio molecular orbital program

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Binkley, J.S.; Whiteside, R.; Hariharan, P.C.; Seeger, R.; Hehre, W.J.; Lathan, W.A.; Newton, M.D.; Ditchfield, R.; Pople, J.A.

    Gaussian 76 is a general-purpose computer program for ab initio Hartree-Fock molecular orbital calculations. It can handle basis sets involving s, p and d-type gaussian functions. Certain standard sets (STO-3G, 4-31G, 6-31G*, etc.) are stored internally for easy use. Closed shell (RHF) or unrestricted open shell (UHF) wave functions can be obtained. Facilities are provided for geometry optimization to potential minima and for limited potential surface scans

  18. Effective representation of amide III, II, I, and A modes on local vibrational modes: Analysis of ab initio quantum calculation results.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hahn, Seungsoo

    2016-10-28

    The Hamiltonian matrix for the first excited vibrational states of a protein can be effectively represented by local vibrational modes constituting amide III, II, I, and A modes to simulate various vibrational spectra. Methods for obtaining the Hamiltonian matrix from ab initio quantum calculation results are discussed, where the methods consist of three steps: selection of local vibrational mode coordinates, calculation of a reduced Hessian matrix, and extraction of the Hamiltonian matrix from the Hessian matrix. We introduce several methods for each step. The methods were assessed based on the density functional theory calculation results of 24 oligopeptides with four different peptide lengths and six different secondary structures. The completeness of a Hamiltonian matrix represented in the reduced local mode space is improved by adopting a specific atom group for each amide mode and reducing the effect of ignored local modes. The calculation results are also compared to previous models using C=O stretching vibration and transition dipole couplings. We found that local electric transition dipole moments of the amide modes are mainly bound on the local peptide planes. Their direction and magnitude are well conserved except amide A modes, which show large variation. Contrary to amide I modes, the vibrational coupling constants of amide III, II, and A modes obtained by analysis of a dipeptide are not transferable to oligopeptides with the same secondary conformation because coupling constants are affected by the surrounding atomic environment.

  19. Thermal transport in nanocrystalline Si and SiGe by ab initio based Monte Carlo simulation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yang, Lina; Minnich, Austin J

    2017-03-14

    Nanocrystalline thermoelectric materials based on Si have long been of interest because Si is earth-abundant, inexpensive, and non-toxic. However, a poor understanding of phonon grain boundary scattering and its effect on thermal conductivity has impeded efforts to improve the thermoelectric figure of merit. Here, we report an ab-initio based computational study of thermal transport in nanocrystalline Si-based materials using a variance-reduced Monte Carlo method with the full phonon dispersion and intrinsic lifetimes from first-principles as input. By fitting the transmission profile of grain boundaries, we obtain excellent agreement with experimental thermal conductivity of nanocrystalline Si [Wang et al. Nano Letters 11, 2206 (2011)]. Based on these calculations, we examine phonon transport in nanocrystalline SiGe alloys with ab-initio electron-phonon scattering rates. Our calculations show that low energy phonons still transport substantial amounts of heat in these materials, despite scattering by electron-phonon interactions, due to the high transmission of phonons at grain boundaries, and thus improvements in ZT are still possible by disrupting these modes. This work demonstrates the important insights into phonon transport that can be obtained using ab-initio based Monte Carlo simulations in complex nanostructured materials.

  20. Ab initio calculations of cross luminescence materials

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kanchana, V.

    2016-01-01

    Abintio calculations have been performed to study the structural, electronic, and optical properties of ABX 3 (A=alkali, B=alkaline-earth, and X=halide) compounds. The ground state properties are calculated using the pseudopotential method with the inclusion of van der Waals interaction, which we find inevitable in reproducing the experimental structure properties in alkali iodides because of its layered structure. All calculations were performed using the Full-Potential Linearized Augmented Plane Wave method. The band structures are plotted with various functionals and we find the newly developed Tran and Blaha modified Becke-Johnson potential to improve the band gap significantly. The optical properties such as complex dielectric function, refractive index, and absorption spectra are calculated which clearly reveal the optically isotropic nature of these materials though being structurally anisotropic, which is the key requirement for ceramic scintillators. Cross luminescence materials are very interesting because of its fast decay. One of the major criteria for the cross luminescence to happen is the energy difference between valence band and next deeper core valence band being lesser when compared to energy gap of the compound, so that radiative electronic transition may occur between valence band and core valence band. We found this criteria to be satisfied in all the studied compounds leading to cross luminescence except for KSrI 3 , RbSrI 3 . The present study suggest that among the six compounds studied, CsSrI 3 , CsMgCl 3 , CsCaCl 3 , and CsSrCl 3 compounds are cross luminescence materials, which is well explained from the band structure, optical properties calculations. Chlorides are better scintillators that iodides and CsMgCl 3 is found to be promising one among the studied compounds. Apart from these materials we have also discussed electronic structure and optical properties of other scintillator compounds. (author)

  1. The structural and electronic properties of cubic AgMO{sub 3} (M=Nb, Ta) by first principles calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Prasad, K. Ganga; Niranjan, Manish K.; Asthana, Saket [Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, India, 502205 (India)

    2016-05-06

    We report the electronic structure of the AgMO{sub 3}(M=Nb, Ta) within the frame work of density functional theory and calculations are performed within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) by using ultrasoft pseudopotentials. The calculated equilibrium lattice parameters and volumes are extracted from fitting of Birch third order equation of state and which are reasonable agreement with the available experimental results. The density of states,band structure of Ag(Nb,Ta)O{sub 3} reveals that the valance bands mostly occupied with O-2p and O-2s states and whereas conduction band occupied with Nb (Ta) 4d(5d) states including less contribution from Ag 5s states.

  2. Phase composition of Al-Ti-Nb-Mo γ alloys in the heat-treatment temperature range: Calculation and experiment

    Science.gov (United States)

    Belov, N. A.; Dashkevich, N. I.; Bel'tyukova, S. O.

    2015-07-01

    The phase composition of TNM-type Al-Ti-Nb-Mo γ alloys at heat-treatment temperatures is quantitatively studied using the Thermo-Calc program package and experimental methods. Isothermal cross sections are calculated and the joint influence of two alloying elements on the phase composition of the alloy is determined at the mean concentration of a third component. Based on the calculations of vertical cross sections, the boundaries of the four-phase eutectoid reaction α → α2 + β + γ are found. The temperature is shown to significantly influence the phase compositions of the γ alloys, among them the mass fractions of various phases (α, β, γ,α2) and the element concentration in them.

  3. Tailoring magnetoresistance at the atomic level: An ab initio study

    KAUST Repository

    Tao, Kun; Stepanyuk, V. S.; Rungger, I.; Sanvito, S.

    2012-01-01

    The possibility of manipulating the tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) of antiferromagnetic nanostructures is predicted in the framework of ab initio calculations. By the example of a junction composed of an antiferromagnetic dimer and a spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy tip we show that the TMR can be tuned and even reversed in sign by lateral and vertical movements of the tip. Moreover, our finite-bias calculations demonstrate that the magnitude and the sign of the TMR can also be tuned by an external voltage. © 2012 American Physical Society.

  4. Tailoring magnetoresistance at the atomic level: An ab initio study

    KAUST Repository

    Tao, Kun

    2012-01-05

    The possibility of manipulating the tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) of antiferromagnetic nanostructures is predicted in the framework of ab initio calculations. By the example of a junction composed of an antiferromagnetic dimer and a spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy tip we show that the TMR can be tuned and even reversed in sign by lateral and vertical movements of the tip. Moreover, our finite-bias calculations demonstrate that the magnitude and the sign of the TMR can also be tuned by an external voltage. © 2012 American Physical Society.

  5. Ab initio calculation of the interaction potentials of helium, neon, and methane as well as theoretical studies on their thermophysical properties and those of water vapor; Ab initio-Berechnung der Wechselwirkungspotentiale von Helium, Neon und Methan sowie theoretische Untersuchungen zu ihren thermophysikalischen Eigenschaften und denen von Wasserdampf

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hellmann, Robert

    2009-06-16

    Thermophysical properties of the pure gases helium, neon, methane and water vapor were calculated for low densities over wide temperature ranges. Statistical thermodynamics was used for the determination of the pressure virial coefficients. The kinetic theory of gases was utilized for the calculation of the transport and relaxation properties. So far kinetic theory was limited to linear molecules and has now been extended to molecules of arbitrary geometry to enable calculations on methane and water vapor. The interaction potentials, which are needed for all computations, were determined for helium, neon and methane from the supermolecular approach using quantum chemical ab initio methods. For water the interaction potentials were taken from the literature. The calculated values of the thermophysical properties for the four gases show very good agreement with the best experimental data. At very low and very high temperatures the theoretical values are more accurate than experimental data. (orig.)

  6. Proper construction of ab initio global potential surfaces with accurate long-range interactions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ho, Tak-San; Rabitz, Herschel

    2000-01-01

    An efficient procedure based on the reproducing kernel Hilbert space interpolation method is presented for constructing intermolecular potential energy surfaces (PES) using not only calculated ab initio data but also a priori information on long-range interactions. Explicitly, use of the reciprocal power reproducing kernel on the semiinfinite interval [0,∞) yields a set of exact linear relations between dispersion (multipolar) coefficients and PES data points at finite internuclear separations. Consequently, given a combined set of ab initio data and the values of dispersion (multipolar) coefficients, the potential interpolation problem subject to long-range interaction constraints can be solved to render globally smooth, asymptotically accurate ab initio potential energy surfaces. Very good results have been obtained for the one-dimensional He-He potential curve and the two-dimensional Ne-CO PES. The construction of the Ne-CO PES was facilitated by invoking a new reproducing kernel for the angular coordinate based on the optimally stable and shape-preserving Bernstein basis functions. (c) 2000 American Institute of Physics

  7. Measurement of formation cross-section of 99Mo from the 98Mo(n,γ) and 100Mo(n,2n) reactions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Badwar, Sylvia; Ghosh, Reetuparna; Lawriniang, Bioletty M; Vansola, Vibha; Sheela, Y S; Naik, Haladhara; Naik, Yeshwant; Suryanarayana, Saraswatula V; Jyrwa, Betylda; Ganesan, Srinivasan

    2017-11-01

    The formation cross-section of medical isotope 99 Mo from the 98 Mo(n,γ) reaction at the neutron energy of 0.025eV and from the 100 Mo(n,2n) reaction at the neutron energies of 11.9 and 15.75MeV have been determined by using activation and off-line γ-ray spectrometric technique. The thermal neutron energy of 0.025eV was used from the reactor critical facility at BARC, Mumbai, whereas the average neutron energies of 11.9 and 15.75MeV were generated using 7 Li(p,n) reaction in the Pelletron facility at TIFR, Mumbai. The experimentally determined cross-sections were compared with the evaluated nuclear data libraries of ENDF/B-VII.1, CENDL-3.1, JENDL-4.0 and JEFF-3.2 and are found to be in close agreement. The 100 Mo(n,2n) 99 Mo reaction cross-sections were also calculated theoretically by using TALYS-1.8 and EMPIRE-3.2 computer codes and compared with the experimental data. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  8. Ab initio simulations and neutron scattering studies of structure and dynamics in PdH

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Totolici, I.E.

    2001-07-01

    The work presented in this PhD thesis is concerned with the interpretation of the neutron scattering measurements from the palladium hydrogen system by means of ab initio electronic structure calculations. The motivation of performing such calculations was due to recent neutron scattering studies on this system that showed a strong directional dependence to the dynamical structure factor together with a complex dependence on energy. Here we attempt to describe the origin of these features by ab initio simulations of the dynamical structure factor. The method assumes an adiabatic separation of the motion of the proton and palladium atoms. The proton wave functions are calculated by a direct solution of the associated single-particle Schroedinger equation using a plane wave basis set method and a mapping of the adiabatic surface. The Fourier components of the adiabatic potential are obtained from LDA pseudopotential calculations. Using Fermi's golden rule within the Born approximation we were then able to calculate the dynamical structure factor, S(Q,ω), for exciting the proton from its ground state to various excited states as a function of the magnitude and direction of the scattering wave vector. The results are in agreement with the inelastic neutron scattering spectra and allow us to identify the origin of previous inexplicable features, in particular the strong directional dependence to the experimental data. The method was extended to investigate the expansion of the equilibrium lattice constant as a function of the H isotope when the zero-point energy of the proton/deuterium is explicitly taken into account in the relaxation process. The results we obtained predicted a bigger lattice constant for the hydride, as expected. Furthermore, other complex ab initio calculations were carried out in order to describe the origin of the large optic dispersion, seen previously in the coherent neutron scattering data. Our calculated dispersion proved to be in good

  9. A novel three dimensional semimetallic MoS{sub 2}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Tang, Zhen-Kun [Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100084 (China); Departments of Physics and Electronics, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421008 (China); Zhang, Hui; Liu, Li-Min, E-mail: limin.liu@csrc.ac.cn [Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100084 (China); Liu, Hao [Chengdu Green Energy and Green Manufacturing Technology R and D Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610207 (China); Lau, Woon-Ming [Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100084 (China); Chengdu Green Energy and Green Manufacturing Technology R and D Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610207 (China)

    2014-05-28

    Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have many potential applications, while the performances of TMDs are generally limited by the less surface active sites and the poor electron transport efficiency. Here, a novel three-dimensional (3D) structure of molybdenum disulfide (MoS{sub 2}) with larger surface area was proposed based on first-principle calculations. 3D layered MoS{sub 2} structure contains the basal surface and joint zone between the different nanoribbons, which is thermodynamically stable at room temperature, as confirmed by first principles molecular dynamics calculations. Compared the two-dimensional layered structures, the 3D MoS{sub 2} not only owns the large surface areas but also can effectively avoid the aggregation. Interestingly, although the basal surface remains the property of the intrinsic semiconductor as the bulk MoS{sub 2}, the joint zone of 3D MoS{sub 2} exhibits semimetallic, which is derived from degenerate 3d orbitals of the Mo atoms. The high stability, large surface area, and high conductivity make 3D MoS{sub 2} have great potentials as high performance catalyst.

  10. Ab initio NMR parameters of BrCH3 and ICH3 with relativistic and vibrational corrections

    Science.gov (United States)

    Uhlíková, Tereza; Urban, Štěpán

    2018-05-01

    This study is focused on two effects identified when NMR parameters are calculated based on first principles. These effects are 1. vibrational correction of properties when using ab initio optimized equilibrium geometry; 2. relativistic effects and limits of using the Flygare equation. These effects have been investigated and determined for nuclear spin-rotation constants and nuclear magnetic shieldings for the CH3Br and CH3I molecules. The most significant result is the difference between chemical shieldings determined based on the ab initio relativistic four-component Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonian and chemical shieldings calculated using experimental values and the Flygare equation. This difference is approximately 320 ppm and 1290 ppm for 79Br and 127I in the CH3X molecule, respectively.

  11. Ab initio supercell calculations of the (0001) α-Cr2O3 surface with a partially or totally Al-substituted external layer

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sun Jizhong; Stirner, Thomas

    2009-01-01

    Ab initio supercell calculations employing the periodic Hartree-Fock formalism are presented of the (0001) α-Cr 2 O 3 surface with a partially or totally Al-substituted external layer. In the simulations a fraction of the Cr atoms at the surface of the chromia slab are replaced by Al atoms, and the Al surface coverage is varied between zero (pure chromia) and 100% (Al-terminated chromia). The surface Al atoms are found to relax inwards considerably, with the magnitude of the relaxation decreasing with increasing Al surface coverage. The calculations also reveal that the surface energy of the slab decreases with increasing Al coverage. Finally, the electronic properties at the surface of the Al-substituted (0001) α-Cr 2 O 3 slabs are investigated. Here the calculations show that the substitution of Cr by Al gives rise to an increase in the covalency of the Al-O bonds compared to slabs of pure alumina. In contrast, the influence of the surface Al atoms on the electrostatic potential in the (0001) plane of metal ions is relatively small. These findings support the utilisation of α-chromia substrates for the templated growth of α-alumina, which is consistent with recent experiments.

  12. Spectroscopy, microscopy and theoretical study of NO adsorption on MoS2 and Co-Mo-S hydrotreating catalysts

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Topsøe, Nan-Yu; Tuxen, Anders Kyrme; Hinnemann, Berit

    2011-01-01

    nfrared (IR) spectroscopy using NO as a probe molecule has been one of the important methods for characterizing hydrotreating catalysts, since this technique provides information on the nature and quantity of active edge sites of these catalysts. However, due to the strong adsorption of NO, which......) calculations, we present new atomic-scale insight into the nature of NO adsorption on MoS2 and Co-Mo-S nanoclusters. The DFT calculations and STM experiments show that NO does not adsorb at fully sulfided MoS2 edges not containing hydrogen. However, typical sulfided catalysts will have hydrogen present...... NO as a probe molecule to obtain detailed atomic-scale information on hydrotreating catalysts and the origins of activity differences. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Inc....

  13. Ab-initio modeling of an iron laser-induced plasma: Comparison between theoretical and experimental atomic emission spectra

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Colgan, J.; Judge, E.J.; Kilcrease, D.P.; Barefield, J.E.

    2014-01-01

    We report on efforts to model the Fe emission spectrum generated from laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) measurements on samples of pure iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ). Our modeling efforts consist of several components. We begin with ab-initio atomic structure calculations performed by solving the Hartree–Fock equations for the neutral and singly ionized stages of Fe. Our energy levels are then adjusted to their experimentally known values. The atomic transition probabilities and atomic collision quantities are also computed in an ab-initio manner. We perform LTE or non-LTE calculations that generate level populations and, subsequently, an emission spectrum for the iron plasma for a range of electron temperatures and electron densities. Such calculations are then compared to the experimental spectrum. We regard our work as a preliminary modeling effort that ultimately strives towards the modeling of emission spectra from even more complex samples where less atomic data are available. - Highlights: • LIBS plasma of iron oxide • Ab-initio theoretical Modeling • Discussion of LTE versus non-LTE criteria and assessment • Boltzmann plots for Fe—determination of when LTE is a valid assumption • Emission spectra for Fe—comparison of theoretical modeling and measurement: good agreement obtained

  14. All-electron ab initio investigations of the electronic states of the NiC molecule

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Shim, Irene; Gingerich, Karl. A.

    1999-01-01

    The low-lying electronic states of NiC are investigated by all-electron ab initio multi-configuration self-consistent-field (CASSCF) calculations including relativistic corrections. The electronic structure of NiC is interpreted as perturbed antiferromagnetic couplings of the localized angular...

  15. Local coordination structure and electronic structure of the large electron mobility amorphous oxide semiconductor In-Ga-Zn-O: Experiment and ab initio calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nomura, Kenji; Ohta, Hiromichi; Hirano, Masahiro; Kamiya, Toshio; Uruga, Tomoya; Hosono, Hideo

    2007-01-01

    Ionic amorphous oxide semiconductors (IAOSs) are new materials for flexible thin film transistors that exhibit field-effect mobilities of ∼10 cm 2 V -1 s -1 [K. Nomura et al., Nature 488, 432 (2004)]. The local coordination structure in an IAOS, In-Ga-Zn-O (a-IGZO), was examined using extended x-ray absorption fine structure analysis combined with ab initio calculations. The short-range ordering and coordination structures in a-IGZO are similar to those in the corresponding crystalline phase, InGaZnO 4 , and edge-sharing structures consisting of In-O polyhedra remain in the amorphous structure. The In 3+ 5s orbitals form an extended state with a band effective mass of ∼0.2m e at the conduction band bottom

  16. Ab initio atomistic thermodynamics calculations of the initial deposition of epitaxial MgO film on GaAs(001)-β2(2 × 4)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tamarany, Rizcky; Lee, Seung-Cheol; Kim, Hyung-Jun; Choi, Jung-Hae

    2013-01-01

    Ab initio calculations were performed to investigate the initial deposition of epitaxial MgO on GaAs(001)-β2(2 × 4). The differences between the chemical bonding of Mg-As and O-As were characterized by the adsorption energies of atomic O and Mg at several symmetrically distinct sites, and O bonding was substantially stronger than that of Mg. Thermodynamics were analyzed through the introduction of environmental chemical potentials simulating in situ growth conditions by the sputtering of a stoichiometric MgO target. A surface phase diagram was generated under Mg and O environments with constrained equilibrium, and the results explained the initial formation of an epitaxial MgO phase on GaAs(001)-β2(2 × 4).

  17. Steel — ab Initio: Quantum Mechanics Guided Design of New Fe-Based Materials

    Science.gov (United States)

    Prahl, Ulrich; Bleck, Wolfgang; Saeed-Akbari, Alireza

    This contribution reports the results of the collaborative research unit SFB 761 "Steel — ab initio", a cooperative project between RWTH Aachen University and the Max-Planck-Institute for Iron Research in Düsseldorf (MPIE) financed by the German Research Foundation (DFG). For the first time, it is exploited how ab initio approaches may lead to a detailed understanding and thus to a specific improvement of material development. The challenge lies in the combination of abstract natural science theories with rather engineering-like established concepts. Aiming at the technological target of the development of a new type of structural materials based on Fe-Mn-C alloys, the combination of ab initio and engineering methods is new, but could be followed quite successfully. Three major topics are treated in this research unit: a) development of a new method for material- and process-development based on ab initio calculations; b) design of a new class of structural materials with extraordinary property combinations; c) acceleration of development time and reduction of experimental efforts and complexity for material- and process-development. In the present work, an overview of the results of the first five years as well as an outlook for the upcoming three-year period is given.

  18. Theoretical study of silicon carbide under irradiation at the nano scale: classical and ab initio modelling; Etude theorique a l'echelle nanometrique du carbure de silicium sous irradiation: modelisation classique et ab initio

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Lucas, G

    2006-10-15

    The behaviour of silicon carbide under irradiation has been studied using classical and ab initio simulations, focusing on the nano scale elementary processes. First, we have been interested in the calculation of threshold displacement energies, which are difficult to determine both experimentally and theoretically, and also the associated Frenkel pairs. In the framework of this thesis, we have carried out simulations in classical and ab initio molecular dynamics. For the classical approach, two types of potentials have been used: the Tersoff potential, which led to non satisfactory results, and a new one which has been developed during this thesis. This potential allows a better modelling of SiC under irradiation than most of the empirical potentials available for SiC. It is based on the EDIP potential, initially developed to describe defects in silicon, that we have generalized to SiC. For the ab initio approach, the feasibility of the calculations has been validated and average energies of 19 eV for the C and 38 eV for the Si sublattices have been determined, close to the values empirically used in the fusion community. The results obtained with the new potential EDIP are globally in agreement with those values. Finally, the elementary processes involved in the crystal recovery have been studied by calculating the stability of the created Frenkel pairs and determining possible recombination mechanisms with the nudged elastic band method. (author)

  19. Ab initio and work function and surface energy anisotropy of LaB6

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Uijttewaal, M. A.; de Wijs, G. A.; de Groot, R. A.

    2006-01-01

    Lanthanum hexaboride is one of the cathode materials most used in high-power electronics technology, but the many experimental results do not provide a consistent picture of the surface properties. Therefore, we report the first ab initio calculations of the work functions and surface energies of

  20. Spin-orbit-induced spin splittings in polar transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers

    KAUST Repository

    Cheng, Yingchun; Zhu, Zhiyong; Tahir, Muhammad; Schwingenschlö gl, Udo

    2013-01-01

    . We present ab initio electronic structure, phonon, and molecular-dynamics calculations to study the structural stability and spin-orbit-induced spin splitting in the transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers MXY (M = Mo, W and X, Y = S, Se, Te

  1. Estudo da geometria da uréia por métodos ab initio e simulação computacional de líquidos

    OpenAIRE

    Cirino,José Jair Vianna; Bertran,Celso Aparecido

    2002-01-01

    A study was carried out on the urea geometries using ab initio calculation and Monte Carlo computational simulation of liquids. The ab initio calculated results showed that urea has a non-planar conformation in the gas phase in which the hydrogen atoms are out of the plane formed by the heavy atoms. Free energies associated to the rotation of the amino groups of urea in water were obtained using the Monte Carlo method in which the thermodynamic perturbation theory is implemented. The magnitud...

  2. All electron ab initio investigations of the electronic states of the FeC molecule

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Shim, Irene; Gingerich, Karl A.

    1999-01-01

    The low lying electronic states of the molecule FeC have been investigated by performing all electron ab initio multi-configuration self-consistent-field (CASSCF) and multi reference configuration interaction (MRCI) calculations. The relativistic corrections for the one electron Darwin contact term...

  3. Thermodynamic properties by equation of state and from Ab initio molecular dynamics of liquid potassium under pressure

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Huaming; Tian, Yanting; Sun, Yongli; Li, Mo; Nonequilibrium materials; physics Team; Computational materials science Team

    In this work, we apply a general equation of state of liquid and Ab initio molecular-dynamics method to study thermodynamic properties in liquid potassium under high pressure. Isothermal bulk modulus and molar volume of molten sodium are calculated within good precision as compared with the experimental data. The calculated internal energy data and the calculated values of isobaric heat capacity of molten potassium show the minimum along the isothermal lines as the previous result obtained in liquid sodium. The expressions for acoustical parameter and nonlinearity parameter are obtained based on thermodynamic relations from the equation of state. Both parameters for liquid potassium are calculated under high pressure along the isothermal lines by using the available thermodynamic data and numeric derivations. Furthermore, Ab initio molecular-dynamics simulations are used to calculate some thermodynamic properties of liquid potassium along the isothermal lines. Scientific Research Starting Foundation from Taiyuan university of Technology, Shanxi Provincial government (``100-talents program''), China Scholarship Council and National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Grant No. 51602213.

  4. First-principle study of hydrogenation on monolayer MoS{sub 2}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Xu, Yong; Li, Yin [State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876 (China); School of science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876 (China); Chen, Xi; Zhang, Ru [State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876 (China); School of Ethnic Minority Education, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 102209 (China); Zhang, Chunfang [Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100094 (China); Lu, Pengfei, E-mail: photon.bupt@gmail.com [State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876 (China)

    2016-07-15

    The structural and electronic properties of hydrogenation on 1H-MoS{sub 2} and 1T-MoS{sub 2} have been systematically explored by using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our calculated results indicate an energetically favorable chemical interaction between H and MoS{sub 2} monolayer for H adsorption when increasing concentration of H atoms. For 1H-MoS{sub 2}, single H atom adsorption creates midgap approaching the Fermi level which increases the n-type carrier concentration effectively. As a consequence, its electrical conductivity is expected to increase significantly. For 1T-MoS{sub 2}, H atoms adsorption can lead to the opening of a direct gap of 0.13 eV compared to the metallic pristine 1T-MoS{sub 2}.

  5. Thermal transport properties of MoS 2 and MoSe 2 monolayers

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kandemir, Ali; Yapicioglu, Haluk; Kinaci, Alper; Çağın, Tahir; Sevik, Cem

    2016-01-11

    Isolation of single to few layer transition metal dichalgogenides open alternate venues in application of 2 dimensional materials to nanoelectronics. Either for general overheating issues or specific application in thermoelectric devices, the characterization of the thermal transport in these new low dimensional materials is needed for their efficient implementation. In this study, lattice thermal conductivities of single layer MoS2 and MoSe2 are evaluated using classical molecular dynamics method. The interactions between atoms are defined by Stillinger-Weber type empirical potentials that are developed to represent structural, mechanical, and vibrational properties of the given materials. In parameterization of the potentials, a stochastic optimization algorithm, namely particle swarm optimization is utilized. The final parameter sets produce quite consistent results with DFT in terms of lattice parameters, bond distances, elastic constants and vibrational properties of both single layer MoS2 and MoSe2. The predicted thermal properties of both materials are in very good agreement with earlier first principles calculations. The discrepancies between calculations and experimental measurements are most likely to be caused by pristine nature of the structures in our simulations.

  6. Understanding hydration of Zn(2+) in hydrothermal fluids with ab initio molecular dynamics

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Liu, X.; Lu, X.; Wang, R.; Meijer, E.J.

    2011-01-01

    With ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, the free-energy profiles of hydrated Zn2+ are calculated for both gaseous and aqueous systems from ambient to supercritical conditions, and from the derived free-energy information, the speciation of hydrated Zn2+ has been revealed. It is shown that the

  7. Conformational Sampling by Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations Improves NMR Chemical Shift Predictions

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Dračínský, Martin; Möller, H. M.; Exner, T. E.

    2013-01-01

    Roč. 9, č. 8 (2013), s. 3806-3815 ISSN 1549-9618 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA13-24880S Institutional support: RVO:61388963 Keywords : ab initio molecular dynamics * NMR spectroscopy * DFT calculations * hydration Subject RIV: CF - Physical ; Theoretical Chemistry Impact factor: 5.310, year: 2013

  8. Ab initio theory of noble gas atoms in bcc transition metals.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jiang, Chao; Zhang, Yongfeng; Gao, Yipeng; Gan, Jian

    2018-06-18

    Systematic ab initio calculations based on density functional theory have been performed to gain fundamental understanding of the interactions between noble gas atoms (He, Ne, Ar and Kr) and bcc transition metals in groups 5B (V, Nb and Ta), 6B (Cr, Mo and W) and 8B (Fe). Our charge density analysis indicates that the strong polarization of nearest-neighbor metal atoms by noble gas interstitials is the electronic origin of their high formation energies. Such polarization becomes more significant with an increasing gas atom size and interstitial charge density in the host bcc metal, which explains the similar trend followed by the unrelaxed formation energies of noble gas interstitials. Upon allowing for local relaxation, nearby metal atoms move farther away from gas interstitials in order to decrease polarization, albeit at the expense of increasing the elastic strain energy. Such atomic relaxation is found to play an important role in governing both the energetics and site preference of noble gas atoms in bcc metals. Our most notable finding is that the fully relaxed formation energies of noble gas interstitials are strongly correlated with the elastic shear modulus of the bcc metal, and the physical origin of this unexpected correlation has been elucidated by our theoretical analysis based on the effective-medium theory. The kinetic behavior of noble gas atoms and their interaction with pre-existing vacancies in bcc transition metals have also been discussed in this work.

  9. Ab initio molecular dynamics in a finite homogeneous electric field.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Umari, P; Pasquarello, Alfredo

    2002-10-07

    We treat homogeneous electric fields within density functional calculations with periodic boundary conditions. A nonlocal energy functional depending on the applied field is used within an ab initio molecular dynamics scheme. The reliability of the method is demonstrated in the case of bulk MgO for the Born effective charges, and the high- and low-frequency dielectric constants. We evaluate the static dielectric constant by performing a damped molecular dynamics in an electric field and avoiding the calculation of the dynamical matrix. Application of this method to vitreous silica shows good agreement with experiment and illustrates its potential for systems of large size.

  10. Investigation of the Hydroxylation Mechanism of Noncoupled Copper Oxygenases by Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Meliá, C.; Ferrer, S.; Řezáč, Jan; Parisel, O.; Reinaud, O.; Moliner, V.; de la Lande, A.

    2013-01-01

    Roč. 19, č. 51 (2013), s. 17328-17337 ISSN 0947-6539 Institutional support: RVO:61388963 Keywords : ab initio calculations * copper * electron transfer * enzymes * molecular dynamics * reaction mechanisms Subject RIV: CC - Organic Chemistry Impact factor: 5.696, year: 2013

  11. Holey Reduced Graphene Oxide Coupled with an Mo2 N-Mo2 C Heterojunction for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yan, Haijing; Xie, Ying; Jiao, Yanqing; Wu, Aiping; Tian, Chungui; Zhang, Xiaomeng; Wang, Lei; Fu, Honggang

    2018-01-01

    An in situ catalytic etching strategy is developed to fabricate holey reduced graphene oxide along with simultaneous coupling with a small-sized Mo 2 N-Mo 2 C heterojunction (Mo 2 N-Mo 2 C/HGr). The method includes the first immobilization of H 3 PMo 12 O 40 (PMo 12 ) clusters on graphite oxide (GO), followed by calcination in air and NH 3 to form Mo 2 N-Mo 2 C/HGr. PMo 12 not only acts as the Mo heterojunction source, but also provides the Mo species that can in situ catalyze the decomposition of adjacent reduced GO to form HGr, while the released gas (CO) and introduced NH 3 simultaneously react with the Mo species to form an Mo 2 N-Mo 2 C heterojunction on HGr. The hybrid exhibits superior activity towards the hydrogen evolution reaction with low onset potentials of 11 mV (0.5 m H 2 SO 4 ) and 18 mV (1 m KOH) as well as remarkable stability. The activity in alkaline media is also superior to Pt/C at large current densities (>88 mA cm -2 ). The good activity of Mo 2 N-Mo 2 C/HGr is ascribed to its small size, the heterojunction of Mo 2 N-Mo 2 C, and the good charge/mass-transfer ability of HGr, as supported by a series of experiments and theoretical calculations. © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  12. Ab initio thermodynamic properties of stoichiometric phases in the Ni-Al system

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Arroyave, R.; Shin, D.; Liu, Z.-K.

    2005-01-01

    In this work the thermodynamic properties of Al, Ni, NiAl and Ni 3 Al were obtained through ab initio methods. Through the use of density functional theory within the generalized gradient approximation and projector augmented-wave (PAW) pseudopotentials, the 0 K energetics of the structures were calculated. The supercell method was used to calculate the vibrational contributions to the free energy. The contribution of electronic degrees of freedom to the total free energy was also included in the calculations. The resulting free energy was used to calculate the enthalpies and entropies of the structures investigated. The comparison with experimental data is satisfactory, and the calculations compare well with recent results using linear response theory

  13. In-Drift Microbial Communities Model Validation Calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    D. M. Jolley

    2001-09-24

    The objective and scope of this calculation is to create the appropriate parameter input for MING 1.0 (CSCI 30018 V1.0, CRWMS M&O 1998b) that will allow the testing of the results from the MING software code with both scientific measurements of microbial populations at the site and laboratory and with natural analogs to the site. This set of calculations provides results that will be used in model validation for the ''In-Drift Microbial Communities'' model (CRWMS M&O 2000) which is part of the Engineered Barrier System Department (EBS) process modeling effort that eventually will feed future Total System Performance Assessment (TSPA) models. This calculation is being produced to replace MING model validation output that is effected by the supersession of DTN MO9909SPAMING1.003 using its replacement DTN MO0106SPAIDM01.034 so that the calculations currently found in the ''In-Drift Microbial Communities'' AMR (CRWMS M&O 2000) will be brought up to date. This set of calculations replaces the calculations contained in sections 6.7.2, 6.7.3 and Attachment I of CRWMS M&O (2000) As all of these calculations are created explicitly for model validation, the data qualification status of all inputs can be considered corroborative in accordance with AP-3.15Q. This work activity has been evaluated in accordance with the AP-2.21 procedure, ''Quality Determinations and Planning for Scientific, Engineering, and Regulatory Compliance Activities'', and is subject to QA controls (BSC 2001). The calculation is developed in accordance with the AP-3.12 procedure, Calculations, and prepared in accordance with the ''Technical Work Plan For EBS Department Modeling FY 01 Work Activities'' (BSC 2001) which includes controls for the management of electronic data.

  14. In-Drift Microbial Communities Model Validation Calculation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    D. M. Jolley

    2001-10-31

    The objective and scope of this calculation is to create the appropriate parameter input for MING 1.0 (CSCI 30018 V1.0, CRWMS M&O 1998b) that will allow the testing of the results from the MING software code with both scientific measurements of microbial populations at the site and laboratory and with natural analogs to the site. This set of calculations provides results that will be used in model validation for the ''In-Drift Microbial Communities'' model (CRWMS M&O 2000) which is part of the Engineered Barrier System Department (EBS) process modeling effort that eventually will feed future Total System Performance Assessment (TSPA) models. This calculation is being produced to replace MING model validation output that is effected by the supersession of DTN MO9909SPAMING1.003 using its replacement DTN MO0106SPAIDM01.034 so that the calculations currently found in the ''In-Drift Microbial Communities'' AMR (CRWMS M&O 2000) will be brought up to date. This set of calculations replaces the calculations contained in sections 6.7.2, 6.7.3 and Attachment I of CRWMS M&O (2000) As all of these calculations are created explicitly for model validation, the data qualification status of all inputs can be considered corroborative in accordance with AP-3.15Q. This work activity has been evaluated in accordance with the AP-2.21 procedure, ''Quality Determinations and Planning for Scientific, Engineering, and Regulatory Compliance Activities'', and is subject to QA controls (BSC 2001). The calculation is developed in accordance with the AP-3.12 procedure, Calculations, and prepared in accordance with the ''Technical Work Plan For EBS Department Modeling FY 01 Work Activities'' (BSC 2001) which includes controls for the management of electronic data.

  15. Ab initio study of electron-ion structure factors in binary liquids with different types of chemical bonding

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Klevets, Ivan; Bryk, Taras

    2014-01-01

    Electron-ion structure factors, calculated in ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, are reported for several binary liquids with different kinds of chemical bonding: metallic liquid alloy Bi–Pb, molten salt RbF, and liquid water. We derive analytical expressions for the long-wavelength asymptotes of the partial electron-ion structure factors of binary systems and show that the analytical results are in good agreement with the ab initio simulation data. The long-wavelength behaviour of the total charge structure factors for the three binary liquids is discussed

  16. Ab initio molecular dynamics, iterative methods and multiscale approaches in electronic structure calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bernholc, J.

    1998-01-01

    The field of computational materials physics has grown very quickly in the past decade, and it is now possible to simulate properties of complex materials completely from first principles. The presentation has mostly focused on first-principles dynamic simulations. Such simulations have been pioneered by Car and Parrinello, who introduced a method for performing realistic simulations within the context of density functional theory. The Car-Parrinello method and related plane wave approaches are reviewed in depth. The Car-Parrinello method was reviewed and illustrated with several applications: the dynamics of the C 60 solid, diffusion across Si steps, and computing free energy differences. Alternative ab initio simulation schemes, which use preconditioned conjugate gradient techniques for energy minimization and dynamics were also discussed

  17. Recent Developments in No-Core Shell-Model Calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Navratil, P.; Quaglioni, S.; Stetcu, I.; Barrett, B.R.

    2009-01-01

    We present an overview of recent results and developments of the no-core shell model (NCSM), an ab initio approach to the nuclear many-body problem for light nuclei. In this aproach, we start from realistic two-nucleon or two- plus three-nucleon interactions. Many-body calculations are performed using a finite harmonic-oscillator (HO) basis. To facilitate convergence for realistic inter-nucleon interactions that generate strong short-range correlations, we derive effective interactions by unitary transformations that are tailored to the HO basis truncation. For soft realistic interactions this might not be necessary. If that is the case, the NCSM calculations are variational. In either case, the ab initio NCSM preserves translational invariance of the nuclear many-body problem. In this review, we, in particular, highlight results obtained with the chiral two- plus three-nucleon interactions. We discuss efforts to extend the applicability of the NCSM to heavier nuclei and larger model spaces using importance-truncation schemes and/or use of effective interactions with a core. We outline an extension of the ab initio NCSM to the description of nuclear reactions by the resonating group method technique. A future direction of the approach, the ab initio NCSM with continuum, which will provide a complete description of nuclei as open systems with coupling of bound and continuum states is given in the concluding part of the review.

  18. Recent Developments in No-Core Shell-Model Calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Navratil, P; Quaglioni, S; Stetcu, I; Barrett, B R

    2009-03-20

    We present an overview of recent results and developments of the no-core shell model (NCSM), an ab initio approach to the nuclear many-body problem for light nuclei. In this aproach, we start from realistic two-nucleon or two- plus three-nucleon interactions. Many-body calculations are performed using a finite harmonic-oscillator (HO) basis. To facilitate convergence for realistic inter-nucleon interactions that generate strong short-range correlations, we derive effective interactions by unitary transformations that are tailored to the HO basis truncation. For soft realistic interactions this might not be necessary. If that is the case, the NCSM calculations are variational. In either case, the ab initio NCSM preserves translational invariance of the nuclear many-body problem. In this review, we, in particular, highlight results obtained with the chiral two- plus three-nucleon interactions. We discuss efforts to extend the applicability of the NCSM to heavier nuclei and larger model spaces using importance-truncation schemes and/or use of effective interactions with a core. We outline an extension of the ab initio NCSM to the description of nuclear reactions by the resonating group method technique. A future direction of the approach, the ab initio NCSM with continuum, which will provide a complete description of nuclei as open systems with coupling of bound and continuum states is given in the concluding part of the review.

  19. The modulation of Schottky barriers of metal-MoS2 contacts via BN-MoS2 heterostructures.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Su, Jie; Feng, Liping; Zhang, Yan; Liu, Zhengtang

    2016-06-22

    Using first-principles calculations within density functional theory, we systematically studied the effect of BN-MoS2 heterostructure on the Schottky barriers of metal-MoS2 contacts. Two types of FETs are designed according to the area of the BN-MoS2 heterostructure. Results show that the vertical and lateral Schottky barriers in all the studied contacts, irrespective of the work function of the metal, are significantly reduced or even vanish when the BN-MoS2 heterostructure substitutes the monolayer MoS2. Only the n-type lateral Schottky barrier of Au/BN-MoS2 contact relates to the area of the BN-MoS2 heterostructure. Notably, the Pt-MoS2 contact with n-type character is transformed into a p-type contact upon substituting the monolayer MoS2 by a BN-MoS2 heterostructure. These changes of the contact natures are ascribed to the variation of Fermi level pinning, work function and charge distribution. Analysis demonstrates that the Fermi level pinning effects are significantly weakened for metal/BN-MoS2 contacts because no gap states dominated by MoS2 are formed, in contrast to those of metal-MoS2 contacts. Although additional BN layers reduce the interlayer interaction and the work function of the metal, the Schottky barriers of metal/BN-MoS2 contacts still do not obey the Schottky-Mott rule. Moreover, different from metal-MoS2 contacts, the charges transfer from electrodes to the monolayer MoS2, resulting in an increment of the work function of these metals in metal/BN-MoS2 contacts. These findings may prove to be instrumental in the future design of new MoS2-based FETs with ohmic contact or p-type character.

  20. Physical properties of monolithic U8 wt.%-Mo

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hengstler, R. M.; Beck, L.; Breitkreutz, H.; Jarousse, C.; Jungwirth, R.; Petry, W.; Schmid, W.; Schneider, J.; Wieschalla, N.

    2010-07-01

    As a possible high density fuel for research reactors, monolithic U8 wt.%-Mo ("U8Mo") was examined with regard to its structural, thermal and electric properties. X-ray diffraction by the Bragg-Brentano method was used to reveal the tetragonal lattice structure of rolled U8Mo. The specific heat capacity of cast U8Mo was determined by differential scanning calorimetry, its thermal diffusivity was measured by the laser flash method and its mass density by Archimedes' principle. From these results, the thermal conductivity of U8Mo in the temperature range from 40 °C to 250 °C was calculated; in the measured temperature range, it is in good accordance with literature data for UMo with 8 and 9 wt.% Mo, is higher than for 10 wt.% Mo and lower than for 5 wt.% Mo. The electric conductivity of rolled and cast U8Mo was measured by a four-wire method and the electron based part of the thermal conductivity calculated by the Wiedemann-Frantz law. Rolled and cast U8Mo was irradiated at about 150 °C with 80 MeV 127I ions to receive the same iodine ion density in the damage peak region as the fission product density in the fuel of a typical high flux reactor after the targeted nuclear burn-up. XRD analysis of irradiated U8Mo showed a change of the lattice parameters as well as the creation of UO 2 in the superficial sample regions; however, a phase change by irradiation was not observed. The determination of the electron based part of the thermal conductivity of the irradiated samples failed due to high measurement errors which are caused by the low thickness of the damage region in the ion irradiated samples.

  1. Ab initio atomistic thermodynamics calculations of the initial deposition of epitaxial MgO film on GaAs(001)-{beta}2(2 Multiplication-Sign 4)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Tamarany, Rizcky; Lee, Seung-Cheol [Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791 (Korea, Republic of); Department of Nanomaterials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350 (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Hyung-Jun; Choi, Jung-Hae [Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791 (Korea, Republic of)

    2013-02-07

    Ab initio calculations were performed to investigate the initial deposition of epitaxial MgO on GaAs(001)-{beta}2(2 Multiplication-Sign 4). The differences between the chemical bonding of Mg-As and O-As were characterized by the adsorption energies of atomic O and Mg at several symmetrically distinct sites, and O bonding was substantially stronger than that of Mg. Thermodynamics were analyzed through the introduction of environmental chemical potentials simulating in situ growth conditions by the sputtering of a stoichiometric MgO target. A surface phase diagram was generated under Mg and O environments with constrained equilibrium, and the results explained the initial formation of an epitaxial MgO phase on GaAs(001)-{beta}2(2 Multiplication-Sign 4).

  2. Adsorption of DNA/RNA nucleobases onto single-layer MoS2 and Li-Doped MoS2: A dispersion-corrected DFT study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sadeghi, Meisam; Jahanshahi, Mohsen; Ghorbanzadeh, Morteza; Najafpour, Ghasem

    2018-03-01

    The kind of sensing platform in nano biosensor plays an important role in nucleic acid sequence detection. It has been demonstrated that graphene does not have an intrinsic band gap; therefore, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are desirable materials for electronic base detection. In the present work, a comparative study of the adsorption of the DNA/RNA nucleobases [Adenine (A), Cytosine (C) Guanine (G), Thymine (T) and Uracil (U)] onto the single-layer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and Li-doped MoS2 (Li-MoS2) as a sensing surfaces was investigated by using Dispersion-corrected Density Functional Theory (D-DFT) calculations and different measure of equilibrium distances, charge transfers and binding energies for the various nucleobases were calculated. The results revealed that the interactions between the nucleobases and the MoS2 can be strongly enhanced by introducing metal atom, due to significant charge transfer from the Li atom to the MoS2 when Lithium is placed on top of the MoS2. Furthermore, the binding energies of the five nucleobases were in the range of -0.734 to -0.816 eV for MoS2 and -1.47 to -1.80 eV for the Li-MoS2. Also, nucleobases were adsorbed onto MoS2 sheets via the van der Waals (vdW) force. This high affinity and the renewable properties of the biosensing platform demonstrated that Li-MoS2 nanosheet is biocompatible and suitable for nucleic acid analysis.

  3. Theoretical prediction of high electron mobility in multilayer MoS2 heterostructured with MoSe2

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ji, Liping; Shi, Juan; Zhang, Z. Y.; Wang, Jun; Zhang, Jiachi; Tao, Chunlan; Cao, Haining

    2018-01-01

    Two-dimensional (2D) MoS2 has been considered to be one of the most promising semiconducting materials with the potential to be used in novel nanoelectronic devices. High carrier mobility in the semiconductor is necessary to guarantee a low power dissipation and a high switch speed of the corresponding electronic device. Strain engineering in 2D materials acts as an important approach to tailor and design their electronic and carrier transport properties. In this work, strain is introduced to MoS2 through perpendicularly building van der Waals heterostructures MoSe2-MoS2. Our first-principles calculations demonstrate that acoustic-phonon-limited electron mobility can be significantly enhanced in the heterostructures compared with that in pure multilayer MoS2. It is found that the effective electron mass and the deformation potential constant are relatively smaller in the heterostructures, which is responsible for the enhancement in the electron mobility. Overall, the electron mobility in the heterostructures is about 1.5 times or more of that in pure multilayer MoS2 with the same number of layers for the studied structures. These results indicate that MoSe2 is an excellent material to be heterostructured with multilayer MoS2 to improve the charge transport property.

  4. VIBRATIONAL RAMAN OPTICAL-ACTIVITY CALCULATIONS USING LONDON ATOMIC ORBITALS

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Helgaker, T.; Ruud, K.; Bak, Keld L.

    1994-01-01

    Ab initio calculations of Raman differential intensities are presented at the self-consistent field (SCF) level of theory. The electric dipole-electric dipole, electric dipole-magnetic dipole and electric dipole-electric quadrupole polarizability tensors are calculated at the frequency of the inc...

  5. The gaseous enthalpy of formation of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide from combustion calorimetry, vapor pressure measurements, and ab initio calculations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Emel'yanenko, Vladimir N; Verevkin, Sergey P; Heintz, Andreas

    2007-04-04

    Ionic liquids are attracting growing interest as alternatives to conventional molecular solvents. Experimental values of vapor pressure, enthalpy of vaporization, and enthalpy of formation of ionic liquids are the key thermodynamic quantities, which are required for the validation and development of the molecular modeling and ab initio methods toward this new class of solvents. In this work, the molar enthalpy of formation of the liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide, 206.2 +/- 2.5 kJ.mol-1, was measured by means of combustion calorimetry. The molar enthalpy of vaporization of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide, 157.2 +/- 1.1 kJ.mol-1, was obtained from the temperature dependence of the vapor pressure measured using the transpiration method. The latter method has been checked with measurements of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide, where data are available from the effusion technique. The first experimental determination of the gaseous enthalpy of formation of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide, 363.4 +/- 2.7 kJ.mol-1, from thermochemical measurements (combustion and transpiration) is presented. Ab initio calculations of the enthalpy of formation in the gaseous phase have been performed for 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide using the G3MP2 theory. Excellent agreement with experimental results has been observed. The method developed opens a new way to obtain thermodynamic properties of ionic liquids which have not been available so far.

  6. TiAl doping by vanadium: ab initio study

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Smirnova, E.A.; Isaev, Eh.I.; Vekilov, Yu.Kh.

    2004-01-01

    Tetragonality degree in TiAl and vanadium doping effect on it were studied using the methods of calculation based on approximation of coherent potential and ab initio pseudopotentials. It is shown that vanadium substitution for Ti sublattice atoms entails increase in tetragonality degree but with substitution of the atoms in aluminium sublattice the tetragonality of the TiAl:V alloy decreases and at the content of vanadium about 8 at. % the lattice becomes actually cubical. In its turn, it may result in increase in TiAl ductility, the alloy being brittle at low temperatures [ru

  7. Molecular dynamics simulation, ab initio calculation, and size-selected anion photoelectron spectroscopy study of initial hydration processes of calcium chloride.

    Science.gov (United States)

    He, Zhili; Feng, Gang; Yang, Bin; Yang, Lijiang; Liu, Cheng-Wen; Xu, Hong-Guang; Xu, Xi-Ling; Zheng, Wei-Jun; Gao, Yi Qin

    2018-06-14

    To understand the initial hydration processes of CaCl 2 , we performed molecular simulations employing the force field based on the theory of electronic continuum correction with rescaling. Integrated tempering sampling molecular dynamics were combined with ab initio calculations to overcome the sampling challenge in cluster structure search and refinement. The calculated vertical detachment energies of CaCl 2 (H 2 O) n - (n = 0-8) were compared with the values obtained from photoelectron spectra, and consistency was found between the experiment and computation. Separation of the Cl-Ca ion pair is investigated in CaCl 2 (H 2 O) n - anions, where the first Ca-Cl ionic bond required 4 water molecules, and both Ca-Cl bonds are broken when the number of water molecules is larger than 7. For neutral CaCl 2 (H 2 O) n clusters, breaking of the first Ca-Cl bond starts at n = 5, and 8 water molecules are not enough to separate the two ion pairs. Comparing with the observations on magnesium chloride, it shows that separating one ion pair in CaCl 2 (H 2 O) n requires fewer water molecules than those for MgCl 2 (H 2 O) n . Coincidentally, the solubility of calcium chloride is higher than that of magnesium chloride in bulk solutions.

  8. Theoretical study of silicon carbide under irradiation at the nano scale: classical and ab initio modelling

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lucas, G.

    2006-10-01

    The behaviour of silicon carbide under irradiation has been studied using classical and ab initio simulations, focusing on the nano scale elementary processes. First, we have been interested in the calculation of threshold displacement energies, which are difficult to determine both experimentally and theoretically, and also the associated Frenkel pairs. In the framework of this thesis, we have carried out simulations in classical and ab initio molecular dynamics. For the classical approach, two types of potentials have been used: the Tersoff potential, which led to non satisfactory results, and a new one which has been developed during this thesis. This potential allows a better modelling of SiC under irradiation than most of the empirical potentials available for SiC. It is based on the EDIP potential, initially developed to describe defects in silicon, that we have generalized to SiC. For the ab initio approach, the feasibility of the calculations has been validated and average energies of 19 eV for the C and 38 eV for the Si sublattices have been determined, close to the values empirically used in the fusion community. The results obtained with the new potential EDIP are globally in agreement with those values. Finally, the elementary processes involved in the crystal recovery have been studied by calculating the stability of the created Frenkel pairs and determining possible recombination mechanisms with the nudged elastic band method. (author)

  9. Ab initio determination of the novel perovskite-related structure of La7Mo7O30 from powder diffraction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Goutenoire, F.; Retoux, R.; Lacorre, P.

    1999-01-01

    A new mixed valence molybdate, La 7 Mo 7 O 30 , first prepared by high energy ball milling, has been successfully synthesized by controlled hydrogen reduction of La 2 Mo 2 O 9 . Its original crystal structure was determined from X-ray and neutron powder diffraction (space group R 3 ; a = b = 17.0051(2) angstrom, c = 6.8607(1) angstrom; Z = 3; reliability factors: R p = 0.081, R wp = 0.091, χ 2 = 3.1, R Bragg = 0.049, R F = 0.033). It consists in the hexagonal stacking of individual cylinders of perovskite-type arrangement. These cylinders are built up from perovskite cages sharing corners in trans-position along their diagonal axis. Two different mixed-valence molybdenum sites coexist, with more (Mo +5.75 ) or less (Mo +4.5 ) distorted octahedral environments. Lanthanum atoms are located within the perovskite cages and around them, very close to their regular positions in the perovskite structure. Lanthanum and molybdenum atoms thus form two rows of almost perfect cubes, shifted from each other by c/2. An electron microscopy study revealed the defect-free cationic and octahedral arrangements in the (a,b) plane

  10. Theoretical study (ab initio and DFT methods on acidic dissociation constant of xylenol orange in aqueous solution

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    F. Kiani

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Analytical measurement of materials requires exact knowledge of their acid dissociation constant (pKa values. In recent years, quantum mechanical calculations have been extensively used to study of acidities in the aqueous solutions and the results were compared with the experimental values. In this study, a theoretical study was carried out on xylenol orange (in water solution by ab initio method. We calculated the pKa values of xylenol orange in water, using high-level ab initio (PM3, DFT (HF, B3LYP/6-31+G(d and SCRF methods. The experimental determination of these values (pKa,s is a challenge because xylenol orange has a low solubility in water. We considered several ionization reactions and equilibriums in water that constitute the indispensable theoretical basis to calculate the pKa values of xylenol orange. The results show that the calculated pKa values have a comparable agreement with the experimentally determined pKa values. Therefore, this method can be used to predict such properties for indicators, drugs and other important molecules.

  11. Fluorine substitution and nonconventional OH...pi intramolecular bond: high-resolution UV spectroscopy and ab initio calculations of 2-(p-fluorophenyl)ethanol.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Karaminkov, Rosen; Chervenkov, Sotir; Neusser, Hans J

    2008-05-21

    The para-fluorinated flexible neurotransmitter analogue 2-phenylethanol has been investigated by highly resolved resonance-enhanced two-photon ionisation two-colour UV laser spectroscopy with mass resolution and ab initio structural optimisations and energy calculations. Two stable conformations, gauche and anti, separated by a high potential barrier have been identified in the cold molecular beam by rotational analysis of the vibronic band structures. The theoretically predicted higher-lying conformations most likely relax to these two structures during the adiabatic expansion. The lowest-energy gauche conformer is stabilised by an intramolecular nonconventional OH...pi-type hydrogen bond between the terminal OH group of the side chain and the pi electrons of the phenyl ring. The good agreement between the experimental and theoretical results demonstrates that even the substitution with a strongly electronegative atom of 2-phenylethanol at the para position has no noticeable effect on the strength and orientation of the OH...pi bond.

  12. Electronic structures and properties of the rhenium alkoxy derivatives Re2O3(OMe)6, Re4O6(OMe)12, and ReMoO2(OMe)7

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ermakov, A.I.; Belousov, V.V.; Drobot, D.V.; Shcheglov, P.A.

    2006-01-01

    The geometrical structures, charge distributions, dipole moments, frequencies of normal vibrations, NMR spectra, and total energies of the chemical bonds for the rhenium alkoxy derivatives Re 2 O 3 (OMe) 6 , Re 4 O 6 (OMe) 12 , and ReMoO 2 (OMe) 7 were calculated by the DFT-B3LYP and Hartree-Fock ab initio methods based on the effective core potential theory (LANL2DZ approximation) and the semiempirical PM3(tm) method. Two optimized structures of Re 2 O 3 (OMe) 6 with close energies were found to substantially differ in geometry, 1 H, 13 C, and 17 O NMR spectra, and dipole moment. Various characteristics of the electronic structures and the trans-effect of the ligands in the compounds under consideration were discussed [ru

  13. Structural investigation of water-acetonitrile mixtures: An ab initio, molecular dynamics and X-ray diffraction study

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bako, Imre; Megyes, Tuende; Palinkas, Gabor

    2005-01-01

    In this work, we present a study on water-acetonitrile (AN) mixtures by molecular dynamics ab initio and X-ray diffraction techniques. Comparison of the experimental total G(r) functions of the mixtures with the results of molecular dynamics simulation shows an overall good agreement. The properties of hydrogen bonded clusters (water clusters, and water-AN clusters) in these mixtures have been determined. Two different types of AN-water dimers were identified by ab initio quantum chemical calculation. One of these structures proved to be a true H-bonded dimer and the other a dipole bound dimer

  14. A theoretical-spectroscopy, ab initio-based study of the electronic ground state of 121SbH3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yurchenko, Sergei N.; Carvajal, Miguel; Yachmenev, Andrey; Thiel, Walter; Jensen, Per

    2010-01-01

    For the stibine isotopologue 121 SbH 3 , we report improved theoretical calculations of the vibrational energies below 8000 cm -1 and simulations of the rovibrational spectrum in the 0-8000 cm -1 region. The calculations are based on a refined ab initio potential energy surface and on a new dipole moment surface obtained at the coupled cluster CCSD(T) level. The theoretical results are compared with the available experimental data in order to validate the ab initio surfaces and the TROVE computational method [Yurchenko SN, Thiel W, Jensen P. J Mol Spectrosc 2007;245:126-40] for calculating rovibrational energies and simulating rovibrational spectra of arbitrary molecules in isolated electronic states. A number of predicted vibrational energies of 121 SbH 3 are provided in order to stimulate new experimental investigations of stibine. The local-mode character of the vibrations in stibine is demonstrated through an analysis of the results in terms of local-mode theory.

  15. Nuclear quantum effects in ab initio dynamics: Theory and experiments for lithium imide

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ceriotti, Michele; Miceli, Giacomo; Pietropaolo, Antonino; Colognesi, Daniele; Nale, Angeloclaudio; Catti, Michele; Bernasconi, Marco; Parrinello, Michele

    2010-11-01

    Owing to their small mass, hydrogen atoms exhibit strong quantum behavior even at room temperature. Including these effects in first-principles calculations is challenging because of the huge computational effort required by conventional techniques. Here we present the first ab initio application of a recently developed stochastic scheme, which allows to approximate nuclear quantum effects inexpensively. The proton momentum distribution of lithium imide, a material of interest for hydrogen storage, was experimentally measured by inelastic neutron-scattering experiments and compared with the outcome of quantum thermostatted ab initio dynamics. We obtain favorable agreement between theory and experiments for this purely quantum-mechanical property, thereby demonstrating that it is possible to improve the modeling of complex hydrogen-containing materials without additional computational effort.

  16. Ab initio quantum chemistry in parallel-portable tools and applications

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Harrison, R.J.; Shepard, R.; Kendall, R.A.

    1991-01-01

    In common with many of the computational sciences, ab initio chemistry faces computational constraints to which a partial solution is offered by the prospect of highly parallel computers. Ab initio codes are large and complex (O(10 5 ) lines of FORTRAN), representing a significant investment of communal effort. The often conflicting requirements of portability and efficiency have been successfully resolved on vector computers by reliance on matrix oriented kernels. This proves inadequate even upon closely-coupled shared-memory parallel machines. We examine the algorithms employed during a typical sequence of calculations. Then we investigate how efficient portable parallel implementations may be derived, including the complex multi-reference singles and doubles configuration interaction algorithm. A portable toolkit, modeled after the Intel iPSC and the ANL-ACRF PARMACS, is developed, using shared memory and TCP/IP sockets. The toolkit is used as an initial platform for programs portable between LANS, Crays and true distributed-memory MIMD machines. Timings are presented. 53 refs., 4 tabs

  17. Materials Screening for the Discovery of New Half-Heuslers: Machine Learning versus ab Initio Methods.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Legrain, Fleur; Carrete, Jesús; van Roekeghem, Ambroise; Madsen, Georg K H; Mingo, Natalio

    2018-01-18

    Machine learning (ML) is increasingly becoming a helpful tool in the search for novel functional compounds. Here we use classification via random forests to predict the stability of half-Heusler (HH) compounds, using only experimentally reported compounds as a training set. Cross-validation yields an excellent agreement between the fraction of compounds classified as stable and the actual fraction of truly stable compounds in the ICSD. The ML model is then employed to screen 71 178 different 1:1:1 compositions, yielding 481 likely stable candidates. The predicted stability of HH compounds from three previous high-throughput ab initio studies is critically analyzed from the perspective of the alternative ML approach. The incomplete consistency among the three separate ab initio studies and between them and the ML predictions suggests that additional factors beyond those considered by ab initio phase stability calculations might be determinant to the stability of the compounds. Such factors can include configurational entropies and quasiharmonic contributions.

  18. Trends in magnetism of free Rh clusters via relativistic ab-initio calculations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Šipr, O; Ebert, H; Minár, J

    2015-02-11

    A fully relativistic ab-initio study on free Rh clusters of 13-135 atoms is performed to identify general trends concerning their magnetism and to check whether concepts which proved to be useful in interpreting magnetism of 3d metals are applicable to magnetism of 4d systems. We found that there is no systematic relation between local magnetic moments and coordination numbers. On the other hand, the Stoner model appears well-suited both as a criterion for the onset of magnetism and as a guide for the dependence of local magnetic moments on the site-resolved density of states at the Fermi level. Large orbital magnetic moments antiparallel to spin magnetic moments were found for some sites. The intra-atomic magnetic dipole Tz term can be quite large at certain sites but as a whole it is unlikely to affect the interpretation of x-ray magnetic circular dichroism experiments based on the sum rules.

  19. Creep Rupture Analysis and Life Estimation of 1.25Cr-0.5Mo, 2.25Cr-1Mo and Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel: A Comparative Study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Roy, Prabir Kumar

    2018-04-01

    This paper highlights a comparative assessment of creep life of 1.25Cr-0.5Mo, 2.25Cr-1Mo and modified 9Cr-1Mo steels based on accelerated creep rupture tests. Creep rupture test data have been analysed and creep life of the above mentioned materials have been assessed using Larson Miller parameter at the stress levels of 60 and 42 MPa for different temperatures. Limiting steam temperatures for minimum design life of 105 h at 42 and 60 MPa for the above mentioned steels have also been calculated. Microstructural studies for the three above mentioned steels are also done.

  20. New ab initio adiabatic potential energy surfaces and bound state calculations for the singlet ground X˜ 1A1 and excited C˜ 1B2(21A') states of SO2

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kłos, Jacek; Alexander, Millard H.; Kumar, Praveen; Poirier, Bill; Jiang, Bin; Guo, Hua

    2016-05-01

    We report new and more accurate adiabatic potential energy surfaces (PESs) for the ground X˜ 1A1 and electronically excited C˜ 1B2(21A') states of the SO2 molecule. Ab initio points are calculated using the explicitly correlated internally contracted multi-reference configuration interaction (icMRCI-F12) method. A second less accurate PES for the ground X ˜ state is also calculated using an explicitly correlated single-reference coupled-cluster method with single, double, and non-iterative triple excitations [CCSD(T)-F12]. With these new three-dimensional PESs, we determine energies of the vibrational bound states and compare these values to existing literature data and experiment.

  1. Efficient approach to compute melting properties fully from ab initio with application to Cu

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhu, Li-Fang; Grabowski, Blazej; Neugebauer, Jörg

    2017-12-01

    Applying thermodynamic integration within an ab initio-based free-energy approach is a state-of-the-art method to calculate melting points of materials. However, the high computational cost and the reliance on a good reference system for calculating the liquid free energy have so far hindered a general application. To overcome these challenges, we propose the two-optimized references thermodynamic integration using Langevin dynamics (TOR-TILD) method in this work by extending the two-stage upsampled thermodynamic integration using Langevin dynamics (TU-TILD) method, which has been originally developed to obtain anharmonic free energies of solids, to the calculation of liquid free energies. The core idea of TOR-TILD is to fit two empirical potentials to the energies from density functional theory based molecular dynamics runs for the solid and the liquid phase and to use these potentials as reference systems for thermodynamic integration. Because the empirical potentials closely reproduce the ab initio system in the relevant part of the phase space the convergence of the thermodynamic integration is very rapid. Therefore, the proposed approach improves significantly the computational efficiency while preserving the required accuracy. As a test case, we apply TOR-TILD to fcc Cu computing not only the melting point but various other melting properties, such as the entropy and enthalpy of fusion and the volume change upon melting. The generalized gradient approximation (GGA) with the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) exchange-correlation functional and the local-density approximation (LDA) are used. Using both functionals gives a reliable ab initio confidence interval for the melting point, the enthalpy of fusion, and entropy of fusion.

  2. Extended Fenske-Hall LCAO MO Calculations for Mixed Methylene Dihalides

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ziemann, Hartmut; Paulun, Manfred

    1988-10-01

    The electronic structure of mixed methylene dihalides CH2XY (X, Y = F, Cl, Br. I) has been studied using extended Fenske-Hall LCAO MO method. The comparison with available photoelec­tron spectra confirmes previous assignments of all bands with binding energies <100 eV. The electronic structure changes occurring upon varying the halogen substituents are discussed.

  3. Ab initio calculations of scattering cross sections of the three-body system (p ¯,e+,e- ) between the e-+H ¯(n =2 ) and e-+H ¯(n =3 ) thresholds

    Science.gov (United States)

    Valdes, Mateo; Dufour, Marianne; Lazauskas, Rimantas; Hervieux, Paul-Antoine

    2018-01-01

    The ab initio method based on the Faddeev-Merkuriev equations is used to calculate cross sections involving the (p ¯,e+,e-) three-body system, with an emphasis on antihydrogen formation (H ¯) via antiproton (p ¯) scattering on positronium. This system is studied in the energy range between the e-+H ¯(n =2 ) and the e-+H ¯(n =3 ) thresholds, where precisely calculated cross sections can be useful for future experiments (GBAR, AEGIS, etc.) aiming to produce antihydrogen atoms. A special treatment is developed to take into account the long-range charge-dipole interaction effect on the wave function. Emphasis is placed on the impact of Feshbach resonances and Gailitis-Damburg oscillations appearing in the vicinity of the p ¯+Ps (n =2 ) threshold.

  4. Measurement of Mo-99 column activity in the evaluation of Mo-99/Tc-99m generator

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kuster, Z.

    1994-01-01

    In order to calculate the real elution efficiency of Mo-99/Tc-99m generator the Mo-99 content on the column has to be previously determined. As found in this work, the external measurement of Mo-99-column activity by means of Geiger-Mueller counter is a simple, fast and reliable method. Generally, Mo-99-column is placed slightly out of the center of the generator; therefore the externally measured flux of photons (φ) is an angular-dependent function. If the thickness of the lead container is radially uniform, the flux measured at some distance from the generator (which is rotated in 2π/3 steps) is given by the equation φ = A (1 + Bcos (α-2π(i - 2)/3)) -1 , i=1,2 or 3 (Eq.1) where A is a numerical constant depending on the Mo-99-column activity, B is a numerical constant depending on the Mo-99- column position within the lead container, the angle α depends on the initial orientation of the generator. A total of 20 generator were studied. The measured Mo-99-column activities (Capintec dose calibrator) were in the range 13.1- 35.11 GBq. Contrary to the findings of Vinberg and Kristensen (Eur J Nucl Med 1/1976(219), values of A (Eq. 1) are in good correlation (r 2 =0.9794) with the measured Mo-99-column activities. (author)

  5. Signatures of attosecond electronic–nuclear dynamics in the one-photon ionization of molecular hydrogen: analytical model versus ab initio calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Medišauskas, Lukas; Ivanov, Misha Yu; Morales, Felipe; Plimak, Lev; Smirnova, Olga; Palacios, Alicia; González-Castrillo, Alberto; Martín, Fernando

    2015-01-01

    We present an analytical model based on the time-dependent WKB approximation to reproduce the photoionization spectra of an H 2 molecule in the autoionization region. We explore the nondissociative channel, which is the major contribution after one-photon absorption, and we focus on the features arising in the energy differential spectra due to the interference between the direct and the autoionization pathways. These features depend on both the timescale of the electronic decay of the autoionizing state and the time evolution of the vibrational wavepacket created in this state. With full ab initio calculations and with a one-dimensional approach that only takes into account the nuclear wavepacket associated to the few relevant electronic states we compare the ground state, the autoionizing state, and the background continuum electronic states. Finally, we illustrate how these features transform from molecular-like to atomic-like by increasing the mass of the system, thus making the electronic decay time shorter than the nuclear wavepacket motion associated with the resonant state. In other words, autoionization then occurs faster than the molecular dissociation into neutrals. (paper)

  6. Double molybdates in Li2MoO4 - Na2MoO4 - H2O system at 25 grad C

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Karov, Z.G.; Mirzoev, R.S.; Makitova, D.D.; Zhilova, S.B.; Podnek, A.G.; Urusova, R.Kh.

    1989-01-01

    Solubility in Li 2 MoO 4 - Na 2 MoO 4 - H 2 O system at 25 deg C is first stuied. Formation of two Li 2 MoO 4 · Na 2 MoO 4 · 4H 2 O and Li 2 MoO 4 · 3Na 2 MoO 4 · 12H 2 O compounds in a system is ascertained. Density, refractive index, viscosity, surface tension, electric conductivity and pH of saturated solutions are determined. Isothermes of mole volume, equivalent and reduced electric conductivity and seeming mole volume of salts sum in solutions are calculated. All these properties adequtely confirm the character of components interaction in a system determined by solubility method. Crystallhydrates of binary molybdates are separated, indentified and studied

  7. Ab initio Hartree-Fock study on surface desorption process in tritium release

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Taniguchi, M.; Tanaka, S.

    1998-01-01

    Dissociative adsorption of hydrogen on Li 2 O (110) surface has been investigated with ab initio Hartree-Fock quantum chemical calculation technique. Heat of adsorption and surface potential energy for H 2 dissociative adsorption were evaluated by calculating the total energy of the system. The calculated results on adsorption heat indicated that H 2 adsorption is endothermic. However, when an oxygen vacancy exists adjacent to the adsorption site, the heat of adsorption became less endothermic and the activation energy required to dissociate the H-H bonding was smaller than that for the terrace site. This is considered to be caused by the excess charge localized near the defect. (orig.)

  8. Calculation of superalloy phase diagrams. IV

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kaufman, L.; Nesor, H.

    1975-01-01

    Explicit descriptions of the Fe--Mo, Fe--W, Fe--Nb, W--Cr and Ti--W binary systems have been developed in line with lattice stability, thermochemical and phase diagram data. These descriptions, along with similar results derived previously, have been employed to calculate isothermal sections in the Cr--Al--Fe, Fe--Mo--Cr, Fe--W--Cr, Ni--Al--Co, Nb--Ti--W, Ti--W--Mo, Cr--W--Mo, Ni--Mo--W, and Ni--W--Ti systems for comparison with experimental results. The effects of carbon impurities on miscibility gap formation in the Ti--W, Nb--Ti--W, Ti--W--Mo and Cr--W--Mo systems are discussed

  9. Thermochemical study of MoS2 oxidation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Filimonov, D.S.; Topor, N.D.; Kesler, Ya.A.

    1990-01-01

    Thermochemical studies of oxidation processes of metallic molybdenum, sulfur, molybdenum disulfide under different conditions in microcalorimeter are conducted. Values of thermal effects which are used to calculate standard formation enthalpy of MoS 2 and which correlate well are obtained. Δ f H 0 (MoS 2 ,298.15 K) recommended value constitutes (-223.0±16.7) kJ/mol

  10. Ab-initio electronic band structure calculations for beryllium chalcogenides

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kalpana, G.; Pari, G.; Yousuf, Mohammad

    1997-01-01

    The first principle tight-binding linear muffin-tin orbital method within the local density approximation (LDA) has been used to calculate the ground state properties, structural phase transition and pressure dependence of band gap of BeS, BeSe and BeTe. We have calculated the energy-volume relations for these compounds in the B3 and B8 phases. The calculated lattice parameters, bulk modulus and the pressure-volume relation were found to be in good agreement with the recent experimental results. The calculated B3→B8 structural transition pressure for BeS, BeSe and BeTe agree well with the recent experimental results. Our calculations show that these compounds are indirect band gap (Γ-X) semiconductors at ambient conditions. The calculated band gap values are found to be underestimated by 20-30% which is due to the usage of LDA. After the structural transition to the B8 phase, BeS continues to be indirect band gap semiconductors and ultimately above 100 GPa it metallises, BeSe and BeTe are metallic at the B3→B8 structural transition. (author)

  11. Field theoretic approach to dynamical orbital localization in ab initio molecular dynamics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Thomas, Jordan W.; Iftimie, Radu; Tuckerman, Mark E.

    2004-01-01

    Techniques from gauge-field theory are employed to derive an alternative formulation of the Car-Parrinello ab initio molecular-dynamics method that allows maximally localized Wannier orbitals to be generated dynamically as the calculation proceeds. In particular, the Car-Parrinello Lagrangian is mapped onto an SU(n) non-Abelian gauge-field theory and the fictitious kinetic energy in the Car-Parrinello Lagrangian is modified to yield a fully gauge-invariant form. The Dirac gauge-fixing method is then employed to derive a set of equations of motion that automatically maintain orbital locality by restricting the orbitals to remain in the 'Wannier gauge'. An approximate algorithm for integrating the equations of motion that is stable and maintains orbital locality is then developed based on the exact equations of motion. It is shown in a realistic application (64 water molecules plus one hydrogen-chloride molecule in a periodic box) that orbital locality can be maintained with only a modest increase in CPU time. The ability to keep orbitals localized in an ab initio molecular-dynamics calculation is a crucial ingredient in the development of emerging linear scaling approaches

  12. Diffusion barrier performances of thin Mo, Mo-N and Mo/Mo-N films between Cu and Si

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Song Shuangxi; Liu Yuzhang; Mao Dali; Ling Huiqin; Li Ming

    2005-01-01

    In this work, we have studied the diffusion barrier performances of Mo, Mo-N and Mo/Mo-N metallization layers deposited by sputtering Mo in Ar/N 2 atmospheres, respectively. Samples were subsequently annealed at different temperatures ranging from 400 to 800 deg C in vacuum condition. The film properties and their suitability as diffusion barriers and protective coatings in silicon devices were characterized using four-point probe measurement, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses. Experimental results revealed that the Mo (20 nm)/Mo-N (30 nm) layer was able to prevent the diffusion reaction between Cu and Si substrate after being annealed at 600 deg C for 30 min. The adhesion between layers and the content of N atoms are the key parameters to improve the properties of Mo-based barrier materials. The Mo layer interposed between Cu and Mo-N diluted the high nitrogen concentration of the barrier and so enhanced the barrier performances

  13. Ab-initio electronic and magnetic properties of Fe-Al alloys

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Apiñaniz, E.

    2000-06-01

    Full Text Available This work presents ab-initio self-consistent calculations performed with the TB-LMTO code to study the different phases of the Fe-Al phase diagram, corresponding to the ordered structures B2, DO3 and B32 and for Fe50Al50 and Fe3Al compositions. Both, unpolarized and spin-polarized calculations have been performed to deduce the energetic difference between the paramagnetic and ferromagnetic state of the corresponding structure. Calculations for the disordered structures have also been performed for the previously mentioned compositions. These results show that by disordering the alloy magnetism is enhanced and that the equilibrium lattice parameter increases.

    En este trabajo se presentan cálculos autoconsistentes ab-initio realizados con el método TB-LMTO (Tight Binding Linear Muffin Tin Orbital con el fin de estudiar las diferentes estructuras que se presentan en el diagrama de fases de las aleaciones Fe-Al. Se han estudiado las estructuras ordenadas B2, DO3 y B32 para las siguientes concentraciones: Fe50Al50 y Fe3Al. Asimismo, se han realizado cálculos teniendo y sin tener en cuenta la polarización de spin con el fin de poder deducir la diferencia energética entre los estados ferromágneticos y paramágneticos de la misma estructura. Por otra parte se han realizado estos mismos cálculos para estructuras desordenadas y las mismas concentraciones. Los resultados muestran que mediante el desorden aumenta el magnetismo de estas aleaciones y crece el parámetro de red.

  14. A density functional theory study on redox reaction of uranium

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Toraishi, T.; Kawaguchi, M.; Tsuneda, T.; Tanaka, S.; Nagasaki, S.

    2005-01-01

    Full text of publication follows: Redox reactions are key issues for predicting the migration behavior of actinides in the geosphere, and therefore the chemical processes have to be profoundly understood. However, redox reactions basically involve several elemental processes, and in many cases only limited chemical information can be obtained experimentally. A theoretical approach gives further information which never can be obtained by experiments, such as precise thermodynamic data or reaction pathways of very rapid charge transfer reactions. For this reason, ab initio MO calculations have been applied in the last 5-6 years to the elucidation of redox processes in the U(VI)-Fe(II) or U(VI)-U(IV) system [1- 3]. Those studies provided extremely important chemical information. Nevertheless, the 'huge' calculation costs of ab initio MO techniques now interfere with the extension of the calculation to the 'real' size system: In order to deal with the practically important chemical reactions such as the reduction of actinides at solid surfaces, a large chemical system involving many atoms (electrons) has to be treated. Present ab initio MO techniques at CASSCF, CASPT2 or MRCI level, however, do not allow to handle such a large systems because of the high calculation costs. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations should be also feasible for such systems. Nevertheless, there are very few reports on redox processes of actinides calculated by DFT. This fact was based on the argument that DFT could not treat charge transfer phenomena accurately since the two-electron exchange integral term is not explicitly involved [1-3]. However this is no longer correct: the long-range corrected (LC) energy function was recently developed, and now the charge transfer reaction can safely be calculated by DFT [4]. In the present work, we employ the DFT technique to treat the reduction of U(VI) to U(V) by Fe(II) via the bi-nuclear complex system, and confirm the applicability of the

  15. Doping effect on monolayer MoS2 for visible light dye degradation - A DFT study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cheriyan, Silpa; Balamurgan, D.; Sriram, S.

    2018-04-01

    The electronic and optical properties of, Nitrogen (N), Cobalt (Co), and Co-N co-doped monolayers of MoS2 has been studied by using density functional theory (DFT) for visible light photocatalytic activity. From the calculations, it has been observed that the band gap of monolayer MoS2 has been reduced while doping. However, the band gaps of pristine and N doped MoS2 monolayers only falls in the visible region while for Co and Co-N co-doped systems, the band gap shifted to IR region. The optical calculation also confirms the results. The formation energy values of the doped system reaveal that MoS2 monolayer drops its stability while doping. To evaluate the photocatalytic response, band edge potentials of pristine and N-MoS2 are calculated, and the observed results show that compared to N-doped MoS2 monolayer, pure MoS2 is highly suitable for visible light photocatalytic dye degradation.

  16. First-principles study of the surface properties of U-Mo system

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Mei, Zhi-Gang; Liang, Linyun; Yacout, Abdellatif M.

    2018-02-01

    U-Mo alloys are promising fuels for future high-performance research reactors with low enriched uranium. Surface properties, such as surface energy, are important inputs for mesoscale simulations (e.g., phase field method) of fission gas bubble behaviors in irradiated nuclear fuels. The lack of surface energies of U-Mo alloys prevents an accurate modeling of the morphology of gas bubbles and gas bubble-induced fuel swelling. To this end, we study the surface properties of U-Mo system, including bcc Mo, alpha-U, gamma-U, and gamma U-Mo alloys. All surfaces up to a maximum Miller index of three and two are calculated for cubic Mo and gamma-U and non-cubic alpha-U, respectively. The equilibrium crystal shapes of bcc Mo, alpha-U and gamma-U are constructed using the calculated surface energies. The dominant surface orientations and the area fraction of each facet are determined from the constructed equilibrium crystal shape. The disordered gamma U-Mo alloys are simulated using the Special Quasirandom Structure method. The (1 1 0) and (1 0 0) surface energies of gamma U-7Mo and U-10Mo alloys are predicted to lie between those of gamma-U and bcc Mo, following a linear combination of the two constituents' surface energies. To better compare with future measurements of surface energies, the area fraction weighted surface energies of alpha-U, gamma-U and gamma U-7Mo and U-10Mo alloys are also predicted. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier B.V.

  17. Ab initio thermodynamics for the growth of ultra-thin Cu film on a perfect Mg O(001) surface

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zhukovskii, Yuri F. [Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga str. 8, Riga LV-1063 (Latvia)]. E-mail: quantzh@latnet.lv; Fuks, David [Materials Engineering Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, POB 653, Beer-Sheva IL-84105 (Israel); Kotomin, Eugene A. [Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga str. 8, Riga LV-1063 (Latvia); Dorfman, Simon [Department of Physics, Israel Institute of Technology-Technion, Haifa IL-32000 (Israel)

    2005-12-15

    Controlled growth of thin metallic films on oxide substrates is important for numerous micro-and nano electronic applications. Our ab initio study is devoted to the periodic slab simulations for a series of ordered 2a Cu superlattices on the regular Mg O(001) substrate. Submonolayer and monolayer substrate Cu coverages were calculated using the Daft-Gaga method, as implemented into the Crystal-98 code. The results of ab initio calculations have been combined with thermodynamic theory which allows US to predict the growth mode of ultra-thin metal films (spinodal decomposition vs. nucleation-and-growth regime) as a function of the metal coverage and the temperature, and to estimate the metal density in clusters. We show that 3a cluster formation becomes predominant already at low Cu coverages, in agreement with the experiment.

  18. Ab initio thermodynamics for the growth of ultra-thin Cu film on a perfect Mg O(001) surface

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhukovskii, Yuri F.; Fuks, David; Kotomin, Eugene A.; Dorfman, Simon

    2005-01-01

    Controlled growth of thin metallic films on oxide substrates is important for numerous micro-and nano electronic applications. Our ab initio study is devoted to the periodic slab simulations for a series of ordered 2a Cu superlattices on the regular Mg O(001) substrate. Submonolayer and monolayer substrate Cu coverages were calculated using the Daft-Gaga method, as implemented into the Crystal-98 code. The results of ab initio calculations have been combined with thermodynamic theory which allows US to predict the growth mode of ultra-thin metal films (spinodal decomposition vs. nucleation-and-growth regime) as a function of the metal coverage and the temperature, and to estimate the metal density in clusters. We show that 3a cluster formation becomes predominant already at low Cu coverages, in agreement with the experiment

  19. Magnetism and metal insulator transition in FeSi and FeGe. Ab Initio investigations of the electronic structure; Magnetismus und Metall-Isolator-Uebergang in FeSi und FeGe. Ab-initio-Untersuchungen der elektronischen Struktur

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Neef, Matthias

    2007-03-19

    Aim of this thesis was to reach by a systematic study of different ab initio procedures an improved description of the electronic properties of FeSi and FeGe. Central result is the itinerant description of FeSi as a semiconductor in the neighbourhood of a ferromagnetic instability. The regardment of the nonlocal exchange in the effective one-particle approximation leads to a metastable magnetic state scarcely above the magnetic ground state. The application of the hybrid functional leads to a 1st order metal-isolator transition for large lattice parameters: FeSi transforms at increasement of the lattice parameter from an unmagnetic isolator to a magnetic metal. A similar behavior is found in the isostructural compound FeGe. The two systems FeSi and FeGe were systematically and detailedly analyzed by means of ab initio procedures. Thereby the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties were studied with DFT and HF calculations. Both calculations with spin polarization and without spin polarization were performed.

  20. Ab initio study of MgH2 formation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Novakovic, Nikola; Matovic, Ljiljana; Novakovic, Jasmina Grbovic; Manasijevic, Miodrag; Ivanovic, Nenad

    2009-01-01

    Even if there is considerable literature dealing with structure and properties of MgH 2 compound there are still some uncertain details about nature of bonding governing its formation and decomposition. In order to better understand the processes essential for absorption and desorption of MgH 2 , ab initio DFT based calculations of rutile MgH 2 compound, elemental hcp-Mg, and three different hypothetical hcp-Mg-derived hydrides are performed. Our findings show that all structures are unstable, and that MgH (Wurtzite) is a closest possible candidate for intermediate phase between the hcp-Mg and MgH 2 at 1:1 stoichiometry. An alternative hydration pathway is suggested, including promotion of hcp-Mg to bcc-Mg and consecutive transformation to rutile MgH 2 by means of hydrogen incorporation into Mg matrix. Rutile MgH 2 calculations with various hydrogen vacancies concentration are performed. Calculation shows that at high hydrogen concentration close to 1:2, stable substoichiometric hydride is possible. Calculation also shows that high vacancy (low hydrogen) concentration favors bcc-Mg 2 H over rutile Mg 2 H structure.

  1. Ab initio calculations of PbTiO{sub 3}/SrTiO{sub 3} (001) heterostructures

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Eglitis, R.I.; Piskunov, S.; Zhukovskii, Yu.F. [Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, 8 Kengaraga Str., 1063 Riga (Latvia)

    2016-12-15

    We performed ab initio calculations for the PbTiO{sub 3}/SrTiO{sub 3} (001) heterostructures. For both PbO and TiO{sub 2}-terminations of the PbTiO{sub 3} (001) thin film, augmented on the SrTiO{sub 3} (001) substrate, the magnitudes of atomic relaxations Δz increases as a function of the number of augmented monolayers. For both terminations of the augmented PbTiO{sub 3} (001) nanothin film, all upper, third and fifth monolayers are displaced inwards (Δz is negative), whereas all second, fourth and sixth monolayers are displaced outwards (Δz is positive). The B3PW calculated PbTiO{sub 3}/SrTiO{sub 3} (001) heterostructure band gaps, independently from the number of augmented layers, are always smaller than the PbTiO{sub 3} and SrTiO{sub 3} bulk band gaps. For both PbO and TiO{sub 2}-terminated PbTiO{sub 3}/SrTiO{sub 3}(001) heterostructures, their band gaps are reduced due to the increased number of PbTiO{sub 3} (001) monolayers. The band gaps of PbO-terminated augmented PbTiO{sub 3} (001) films are always larger than those for TiO{sub 2}-terminated PbTiO{sub 3} (001) thin films. The only exception is the case of 7-layer PbO-terminated and 8-layer TiO{sub 2}-terminated augmented PbTiO{sub 3} (001) thin films, where their band gaps both are equal to 2.99 eV. For each monolayer of the SrTiO{sub 3} (001) substrate, charge magnitudes always are more than several times larger, than for each monolayer in the augmented PbTiO{sub 3} (001) thin film. (copyright 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

  2. Improved parametric fits for the HeH2 ab initio energy surface

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Muchnick, P.

    1992-01-01

    A brief history of the development of ab initio calculations for the HeH 2 quasi-molecule energy surface, and the parametric fits to these ab initio calculations, is presented. The concept of 'physical reasonableness' of the parametric fit is discussed. Several new improved parametric fits for the energy surface, meeting these requirements, are then proposed. One fit extends the Russek-Garcia parametric fit for the deep repulsion region to include r-dependent parameters, resulting in a more physically reasonable fit with smaller average error. This improved surface fit is applied to quasi-elastic collisions of He on H 2 in the impulse approximation. Previous classical calculations of the scaled inelastic vibrorotational excitation energy distributions are improved with this more accurate parametric fit of the energy surface and with the incorporation of quantum effects in vibrational excitation. It is shown that Sigmund's approach in developing his scaling law is incomplete in the contribution of the three-body interactions to vibrational excitation of the H 2 molecule is concerned. The Sigmund theory is extended to take into account for r-dependency of three-body interactions. A parametric fit for the entire energy surface from essentially 0 ≤R≤∞ and 1.2≤r≤1.6 a.u., where R is the intermolecular spacing and r is the hydrogen bonding length, is also presented. This fit is physically reasonable in all asymptotic limits. This first, full surface parametric fit is based primarily upon a composite of ab initio studies by Russek and Garcia and Meyer, Hariharan and Kutzelnigg. Parametric fits for the H 2 (1sσ g ) 2 , H 2 + (1sσ g ), H 2 + (2pσ u ) and (LiH 2 ) + energy surfaces are also presented. The new parametric fits for H 2 , H 2 + (1sσ g ) are shown to be improvements over the well-known Morse potentials for these surfaces

  3. Ab initio electronic structure and correlations in pristine and potassium-doped molecular crystals of copper phthalocyanine

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Giovannetti, G.; Brocks, G.; van den Brink, J.

    2008-01-01

    We investigate the effect that potassium intercalation has on the electronic structure of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) molecular crystals by means of ab initio density functional calculations. Pristine CuPc (in its alpha and beta structures) is found to be an insulator containing local magnetic

  4. Excitation energy transfer to luminescence centers in M{sup II}MoO{sub 4} (M{sup II}=Ca, Sr, Zn, Pb) and Li{sub 2}MoO{sub 4}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Spassky, D.A., E-mail: deris2002@mail.ru [Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld.2, 119991 Moscow (Russian Federation); National University of Science and Technology (MISiS), Leninsky Prospekt 4, 119049 Moscow (Russian Federation); Kozlova, N.S. [National University of Science and Technology (MISiS), Leninsky Prospekt 4, 119049 Moscow (Russian Federation); Nagirnyi, V. [Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu (Estonia); Savon, A.E. [Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld.2, 119991 Moscow (Russian Federation); Hizhnyi, Yu.A.; Nedilko, S.G. [Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska str. 64/13, 01601 Kyiv (Ukraine)

    2017-06-15

    Based on the results of spectroscopy studies and electronic band structure calculations, the analysis of excitation energy transformation into luminescence is performed for a set of molybdates M{sup II}MoO{sub 4} (M{sup II}=Ca, Sr, Zn, Pb) and Li{sub 2}MoO{sub 4}. The bandgap energies were determined from comparison of experimental and calculated reflectivity spectra as 3.3 eV for PbMoO{sub 4}, 4.3 eV for ZnMoO{sub 4}, 4.4 eV for CaMoO{sub 4}, 4.7 eV for SrMoO{sub 4}, and 4.9 eV for Li{sub 2}MoO{sub 4}. It is shown that photoluminescence excitation spectra of these materials reveal the specific features of their conduction bands. The threshold of separated charge carriers’ creation is shown to be by 1.3–1.9 eV higher than the bandgap energy in CaMoO{sub 4}, SrMoO{sub 4} and ZnMoO{sub 4}. The effect is explained by the peculiarities of conduction band structure, namely to the presence of gap between the subbands of the conduction band and to the low mobility of electrons in the lower sub-band of the conduction band.

  5. Ab Initio Study of the Electronic Structure, Elastic Properties, Magnetic Feature and Thermodynamic Properties of the Ba2NiMoO6 Material

    Science.gov (United States)

    Deluque Toro, C. E.; Mosquera Polo, A. S.; Gil Rebaza, A. V.; Landínez Téllez, D. A.; Roa-Rojas, J.

    2018-04-01

    We report first-principles calculations of the elastic properties, electronic structure and magnetic behavior performed over the Ba2NiMoO6 double perovskite. Calculations are carried out through the full-potential linear augmented plane-wave method within the framework of the Density Functional Theory (DFT) with exchange and correlation effects in the Generalized Gradient and Local Density Approximations, including spin polarization. The elastic properties calculated are bulk modulus (B), the elastic constants (C 11, C 12 and C 44), the Zener anisotropy factor (A), the isotropic shear modulus (G), the Young modulus (Y) and the Poisson ratio (υ). Structural parameters, total energies and cohesive properties of the perovskite are studied by means of minimization of internal parameters with the Murnaghan equation, where the structural parameters are in good agreement with experimental data. Furthermore, we have explored different antiferromagnetic configurations in order to describe the magnetic ground state of this compound. The pressure and temperature dependence of specific heat, thermal expansion coefficient, Debye temperature and Grüneisen parameter were calculated by DFT from the state equation using the quasi-harmonic model of Debye. A specific heat behavior C V ≈ C P was found at temperatures below T = 400 K, with Dulong-Petit limit values, which is higher than those, reported for simple perovskites.

  6. Ab initio study of hydrogen adsorption on benzenoid linkers in metal-organic framework materials

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gao Yi; Zeng, X C

    2007-01-01

    We have computed the energies of adsorption of molecular hydrogen on a number of molecular linkers in metal-organic framework solid materials using density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio molecular orbital methods. We find that the hybrid B3LYP (Becke three-parameter Lee-Yang-Parr) DFT method gives a qualitatively incorrect prediction of the hydrogen binding with benzenoid molecular linkers. Both local-density approximation (LDA) and generalized gradient approximation (GGA) DFT methods are inaccurate in predicting the values of hydrogen binding energies, but can give a qualitatively correct prediction of the hydrogen binding. When compared to the more accurate binding-energy results based on the ab initio Moeller-Plesset second-order perturbation (MP2) method, the LDA results may be viewed as an upper limit while the GGA results may be viewed as a lower limit. Since the MP2 calculation is impractical for realistic metal-organic framework systems, the combined LDA and GGA calculations provide a cost-effective way to assess the hydrogen binding capability of these systems

  7. Microstructure and properties of MoSi2-MoB and MoSi2-Mo5Si3 molybdenum silicides

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Schneibel, J.H.; Sekhar, J.A.

    2003-01-01

    MoSi 2 -based intermetallics containing different volume fractions of MoB or Mo 5 Si 3 were fabricated by hot-pressing MoSi 2 , MoB, and Mo 5 Si 3 powders in vacuum. Both classes of alloys contained approximately 5 vol.% of dispersed silica phase. Additions of MoB or Mo 5 Si 3 caused the average grain size to decrease. The decrease in the grain size was typically accompanied by an increase in flexure strength, a decrease in the room temperature fracture toughness, and a decrease in the hot strength (compressive creep strength) measured around 1200 deg. C, except when the Mo 5 Si 3 effectively became the major phase. Oxidation measurements on the two classes of alloys were carried out in air. Both classes of alloys were protected from oxidation by an in-situ adherent scale that formed on exposure to high temperature. The scale, although not analyzed in detail, is commonly recognized in MoSi 2 containing materials as consisting mostly of SiO 2 . The MoB containing materials showed an increase in the scale thickness and the cyclic oxidation rate at 1400 deg. C when compared with pure MoSi 2 . However, in contrast with the pure MoSi 2 material, oxidation at 1400 deg. C began with a weight loss followed by a weight gain and the formation of the protective silica layer. The Mo 5 Si 3 containing materials experienced substantial initial weight losses followed by regions of small weight changes. Overall, the MoB and Mo 5 Si 3 additions to MoSi 2 tended to be detrimental for the mechanical and oxidative properties

  8. Model calculations for a 600 A laser based on photopumping of Mo6+ by a spectral line of Mo11+

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Klapisch, M.; Cohen, M.; Goldstein, W.H.; Feldman, U.

    1990-01-01

    We assess aspects of the feasibility of a recent proposal to use the coincidence between a Mo 11+ , 136.499 A, line and a 4p 6 -(4p 5 ) 1/2 6s, J=1, transition of Mo 6+ , to obtain amplified spontaneous emission around 600 A. A collisional-radiative model for the Mo 6+ ion, including resonant photoexcitation of the 4p 5 1/2 6s level, was constructed using the HULLAC atomic physics package. The model included the 4s 2 4p 6 ; 4p 5 4d, 4f; 4p 5 5s, 5p, 5d; 4p 5 6s, 6p, 6d; 4s4p 6 4d, 4f; 4p 6 4d 2 and 4s 2 4p 4 4d 2 configurations, amounting to 193 levels. All configuration interactions and collisional mixing were taken into account. A gain of 3 cm -1 is obtained for the 4p 5 6s(J = 1)-4p 5 5p(J = 2) transition at 645 A with T e = 5 eV, n e = 10 18 cm -3 , and an effective radiation temperature of T rad > 40 eV for the pump transition. Other transitions exhibit lower gains. (orig.)

  9. Microscopic nucleon spectral function for finite nuclei featuring two- and three-nucleon short-range correlations: The model versus ab initio calculations for three-nucleon systems

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ciofi degli Atti, Claudio; Mezzetti, Chiara Benedetta; Morita, Hiko

    2017-04-01

    Background: Two-nucleon (2 N ) short-range correlations (SRC) in nuclei have been recently thoroughly investigated, both theoretically and experimentally and the study of three-nucleon (3 N ) SRC, which could provide important information on short-range hadronic structure, is underway. Novel theoretical ideas concerning 2 N and 3 N SRC are put forward in the present paper. Purpose: The general features of a microscopic one-nucleon spectral function which includes the effects of both 2 N and 3 N SRC and its comparison with ab initio spectral functions of the three-nucleon systems are illustrated. Methods: A microscopic and parameter-free one-nucleon spectral function expressed in terms of a convolution integral involving ab initio relative and center-of-mass (c.m.) momentum distributions of a 2 N pair and aimed at describing two- and three-nucleon short-range correlations, is obtained by using: (i) the two-nucleon momentum distributions obtained within ab initio approaches based upon nucleon-nucleon interactions of the Argonne family; (ii) the exact relation between one- and two-nucleon momentum distributions; (iii) the fundamental property of factorization of the nuclear wave function at short internucleon ranges. Results: The comparison between the ab initio spectral function of 3He and the one based upon the convolution integral shows that when the latter contains only two-nucleon short-range correlations the removal energy location of the peaks and the region around them exhibited by the ab initio spectral function are correctly predicted, unlike the case of the high and low removal energy tails; the inclusion of the effects of three-nucleon correlations brings the convolution model spectral function in much better agreement with the ab initio one; it is also found that whereas the three-nucleon short-range correlations dominate the high energy removal energy tail of the spectral function, their effects on the one-nucleon momentum distribution are almost one

  10. AN AB INITIO STUDY OF HYDROTREATING OF THIIRENE AND ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    a

    ... (MoS2), which is considered as active phase in the commercial catalysts ... program data are the geometry of systems, their multiplicity and charge. ..... The B3LYP calculation that takes into account the electronic correlation gave less ...

  11. Optical absorption spectra and g factor of MgO: Mn2+explored by ab initio and semi empirical methods

    Science.gov (United States)

    Andreici Eftimie, E.-L.; Avram, C. N.; Brik, M. G.; Avram, N. M.

    2018-02-01

    In this paper we present a methodology for calculations of the optical absorption spectra, ligand field parameters and g factor for the Mn2+ (3d5) ions doped in MgO host crystal. The proposed technique combines two methods: the ab initio multireference (MR) and the semi empirical ligand field (LF) in the framework of the exchange charge model (ECM) respectively. Both methods of calculations are applied to the [MnO6]10-cluster embedded in an extended point charge field of host matrix ligands based on Gellé-Lepetit procedure. The first step of such investigations was the full optimization of the cubic structure of perfect MgO crystal, followed by the structural optimization of the doped of MgO:Mn2+ system, using periodic density functional theory (DFT). The ab initio MR wave functions approaches, such as complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF), N-electron valence second order perturbation theory (NEVPT2) and spectroscopy oriented configuration interaction (SORCI), are used for the calculations. The scalar relativistic effects have also been taken into account through the second order Douglas-Kroll-Hess (DKH2) procedure. Ab initio ligand field theory (AILFT) allows to extract all LF parameters and spin-orbit coupling constant from such calculations. In addition, the ECM of ligand field theory (LFT) has been used for modelling theoptical absorption spectra. The perturbation theory (PT) was employed for the g factor calculation in the semi empirical LFT. The results of each of the aforementioned types of calculations are discussed and the comparisons between the results obtained and the experimental results show a reasonable agreement, which justifies this new methodology based on the simultaneous use of both methods. This study establishes fundamental principles for the further modelling of larger embedded cluster models of doped metal oxides.

  12. Determination of the electronic energy levels of colloidal nanocrystals using field-effect transistors and Ab-initio calculations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bisri, Satria Zulkarnaen; Degoli, Elena; Spallanzani, Nicola; Krishnan, Gopi; Kooi, Bart Jan; Ghica, Corneliu; Yarema, Maksym; Heiss, Wolfgang; Pulci, Olivia; Ossicini, Stefano; Loi, Maria Antonietta

    2014-08-27

    Colloidal nanocrystals electronic energy levels are determined by strong size-dependent quantum confinement. Understanding the configuration of the energy levels of nanocrystal superlattices is vital in order to use them in heterostructures with other materials. A powerful method is reported to determine the energy levels of PbS nanocrystal assemblies by combining the utilization of electric-double-layer-gated transistors and advanced ab-initio theory. © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  13. CARS spectroscopy of the NaH2 collision complex: The nature of the Na(3 2P)H2 exciplex - ab initio calculations and experimental results

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Vivie-Riedle, R. de; Hering, P.; Kompa, K.L.

    1990-01-01

    CARS has been used to analyze the rovibronic state distribution of H 2 after collision with Na(3 2 P). New lines, which do not correspond to H 2 lines are observed in the CARS spectrum. The experiments point to the formation of a complex of Na(3 2 P)H 2 in A 2 B 2 symmetry. Ab initio calculations of the A 2 B 2 potential were performed. On this surface the vibrational spectra of the exciplex is evaluated. The observed lines can be attributed to vibrational transitions in the complex, in which combinational modes are involved. The connection of experimental and theoretical results indicates that a collisionally stabilized exciplex molecule is formed during the quenching process. (orig.)

  14. Ab-initio Hartree-Fock study of tritium desorption from Li{sub 2}O

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Taniguchi, Masaki; Tanaka, Satoru [Tokyo Univ. (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

    1998-03-01

    Dissociative adsorption of hydrogen on Li{sub 2}O (110) surface has been investigated with ab-initio Hartree-Fock quantum chemical calculation technique. Heat of adsorption and potential energy surface for H{sub 2} dissociative adsorption was evaluated by calculating the total energy of the system. Calculation results on adsorption heat indicated that H{sub 2} adsorption is endothermic. However, when oxygen vacancy exists adjacent to the adsorption sites, heat of adsorption energy became less endothermic and the activation energy required to dissociate the H-H bonding was smaller than that for the terrace site. This is considered to be caused by the excess charge localized near the defect. (author)

  15. Ab Initio Assessment of the Bonding in Disulfonates Containing Divalent Nitrogen and Phosphorus Atoms

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Andersen, Vinca Bonde; Berg, Rolf W.; Shim, Irene

    2017-01-01

    The iminodisulfonate, [N(SO3)2]3–, and phosphinodisulfonate, [P(SO3)2]3–, ions have been investigated by performing ab initio MP2/6-311+G**calculations. The nitrogen and phosphorus atoms as part of the ions are shown to be divalent with a negative charge and two lone pairs on the nitrogen...

  16. Multiscale modeling of current-induced switching in magnetic tunnel junctions using ab initio spin-transfer torques

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ellis, Matthew O. A.; Stamenova, Maria; Sanvito, Stefano

    2017-12-01

    There exists a significant challenge in developing efficient magnetic tunnel junctions with low write currents for nonvolatile memory devices. With the aim of analyzing potential materials for efficient current-operated magnetic junctions, we have developed a multi-scale methodology combining ab initio calculations of spin-transfer torque with large-scale time-dependent simulations using atomistic spin dynamics. In this work we introduce our multiscale approach, including a discussion on a number of possible schemes for mapping the ab initio spin torques into the spin dynamics. We demonstrate this methodology on a prototype Co/MgO/Co/Cu tunnel junction showing that the spin torques are primarily acting at the interface between the Co free layer and MgO. Using spin dynamics we then calculate the reversal switching times for the free layer and the critical voltages and currents required for such switching. Our work provides an efficient, accurate, and versatile framework for designing novel current-operated magnetic devices, where all the materials details are taken into account.

  17. Estudo da geometria da uréia por métodos ab initio e simulação computacional de líquidos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cirino José Jair Vianna

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available A study was carried out on the urea geometries using ab initio calculation and Monte Carlo computational simulation of liquids. The ab initio calculated results showed that urea has a non-planar conformation in the gas phase in which the hydrogen atoms are out of the plane formed by the heavy atoms. Free energies associated to the rotation of the amino groups of urea in water were obtained using the Monte Carlo method in which the thermodynamic perturbation theory is implemented. The magnitude of the free energy obtained from this simulation did not permit us to conclude that urea is non-planar in water.

  18. Phénomènes de transport : contribution de l'approche ab initio et applications

    OpenAIRE

    Vérot, Martin

    2013-01-01

    In a first part, we studied the magnetic properties of organic radicals (coupled with rare earth or between each other). We calculated the magnetic exchange and the g-tensor of these compounds to understand their magnetic susceptibility and thei magnetization curves via ab initio calculations based on the wave-function. We studied how the chemistry and the crystal stacking affect meaningful parameters linked to magnetism and conduction. Those parameters were extracted with the thory of effect...

  19. Thermodynamics of the Mo-Fe-C and W-Fe-C systems

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kleykamp, H.

    1978-01-01

    A study on the reaction behaviour of the components of the Mo 2 C-Fe and WC-Fe systems is presented. Both systems are stable if the mono-phase carbides are in equilibrium with the Fe-C solid solution within fixed carbon concentrations, the limits of which are calculated in this paper. Gibbs energies of formation at 1273 K of the intermetallic phases, of the binary and of the ternary carbides in the Mo-Fe-C and W-Fe-C systems were determined. The Fe corner in the phase diagrams of both systems and the calculated C boundaries in the two-phase field γ-Fe(Mo,C)-Mo 2 C and the γ-Fe(W,C)-WC, respectively, based on this study, are shown in figures. (GSC) [de

  20. Metallization and superconductivity in Ca-intercalated bilayer MoS2

    Science.gov (United States)

    Szczȱśniak, R.; Durajski, A. P.; Jarosik, M. W.

    2017-12-01

    A two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has attracted significant interest recently due to its outstanding physical, chemical and optoelectronic properties. In this paper, using the first-principles calculations, the dynamical stability, electronic structure and superconducting properties of Ca-intercalated bilayer MoS2 are investigated. The calculated electron-phonon coupling constant implies that the stable form of investigated system is a strong-coupling superconductor (λ = 1.05) with a low value of critical temperature (TC = 13.3 K). Moreover, results obtained within the framework of the isotropic Migdal-Eliashberg formalism proved that Ca-intercalated bilayer MoS2 exhibits behavior that goes beyond the scope of the conventional BCS theory.

  1. Coupling of ab initio density functional theory and molecular dynamics for the multiscale modeling of carbon nanotubes

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ng, T Y; Yeak, S H; Liew, K M

    2008-01-01

    A multiscale technique is developed that couples empirical molecular dynamics (MD) and ab initio density functional theory (DFT). An overlap handshaking region between the empirical MD and ab initio DFT regions is formulated and the interaction forces between the carbon atoms are calculated based on the second-generation reactive empirical bond order potential, the long-range Lennard-Jones potential as well as the quantum-mechanical DFT derived forces. A density of point algorithm is also developed to track all interatomic distances in the system, and to activate and establish the DFT and handshaking regions. Through parallel computing, this multiscale method is used here to study the dynamic behavior of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) under asymmetrical axial compression. The detection of sideways buckling due to the asymmetrical axial compression is reported and discussed. It is noted from this study on SWCNTs that the MD results may be stiffer compared to those with electron density considerations, i.e. first-principle ab initio methods

  2. Density of states in Mo-Ru amorphous alloys

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Miyakawa, W.

    1985-01-01

    The density of states is calculated for several compositions of amorphous Mo 1-x Ru x . In order to simulate amorphous clusters, the structures (atomic positions) utilized in the calculations were built from a small dense randomly packed unit of hard spheres with periodic boundary conditions. The density of states is calculated from a tight-binding Hamiltonian with hopping integrals parametrized in terms of the ddσ, ddΠ and ddδ molecular integrals. The results for pure Mo and pure Ru, compared in the canonical band aproximation, agree well with the literature. For binary alloys, the comparison of the calculated density of states with the rigid band aproximation results indicates that a more complex approach than the rigid band model must be used, even when the two atoms have similar bands, with band centers at nearly the same energy. The results also indicate that there is no relation between the peak in the superconducting critical temperature as a function of the number of valence eletrons per atom (e/a) in the region near Mo(e/a=6) and the peak of the density of states at the Fermi level in the same region, as has been sugested by some authors. (Author) [pt

  3. An ab initio potential energy surface for the formic acid dimer: zero-point energy, selected anharmonic fundamental energies, and ground-state tunneling splitting calculated in relaxed 1-4-mode subspaces.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Qu, Chen; Bowman, Joel M

    2016-09-14

    We report a full-dimensional, permutationally invariant potential energy surface (PES) for the cyclic formic acid dimer. This PES is a least-squares fit to 13475 CCSD(T)-F12a/haTZ (VTZ for H and aVTZ for C and O) energies. The energy-weighted, root-mean-square fitting error is 11 cm -1 and the barrier for the double-proton transfer on the PES is 2848 cm -1 , in good agreement with the directly-calculated ab initio value of 2853 cm -1 . The zero-point vibrational energy of 15 337 ± 7 cm -1 is obtained from diffusion Monte Carlo calculations. Energies of fundamentals of fifteen modes are calculated using the vibrational self-consistent field and virtual-state configuration interaction method. The ground-state tunneling splitting is computed using a reduced-dimensional Hamiltonian with relaxed potentials. The highest-level, four-mode coupled calculation gives a tunneling splitting of 0.037 cm -1 , which is roughly twice the experimental value. The tunneling splittings of (DCOOH) 2 and (DCOOD) 2 from one to three mode calculations are, as expected, smaller than that for (HCOOH) 2 and consistent with experiment.

  4. Synthesis, structure and optical properties of two isotypic crystals, Na3MO4Cl (M=W, Mo)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Han, Shujuan; Bai, Chunyan; Zhang, Bingbing; Yang, Zhihua; Pan, Shilie

    2016-01-01

    Two isotypic compounds, Na 3 MO 4 Cl (M = W, Mo) have been obtained from the high temperature solution, and their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Both of them crystallize in the space group P4/nmm of tetragonal system with the unit cells: a=7.5181(15), c=5.360(2) for Na 3 WO 4 Cl and a=7.4942(12), c=5.3409(18) for Na 3 MoO 4 Cl. The structure exhibits a 3D network built up by the ClNa 6 groups, and the MO 4 groups reside in the tunnels of the 3D network. The structural similarities and differences between Na 3 MO 4 Cl (M=W, Mo) and Sr 3 MO 4 F (M=Al, Ga) have been discussed. Meanwhile, detailed structure comparison analyses between Na 3 MO 4 Cl (M=W, Mo) and Na 3 MO 4 F (M=W, Mo) indicate that the different connection modes of ClNa 6 and FNa 6 make Na 3 MO 4 Cl and Na 3 MO 4 F crystallize in different structures. The IR spectra were used to verify the validity of the structure. The diffuse reflectance spectra show that the UV absorption edges are about 249 nm (4.99 eV) and 265 nm (4.69 eV) for Na 3 WO 4 Cl and Na 3 MoO 4 Cl, respectively. In addition, the first-principles theoretical studies are also carried out to aid the understanding of electronic structures and linear optical properties. - Graphical abstract: Two isotypic compounds, Na 3 MO 4 Cl (M=W, Mo) have been obtained from the high temperature solution. Both of them crystallize in the space group P4/nmm of tetragonal system. The structure exhibits a 3D network built up by the ClNa 6 groups, and the MO 4 groups reside in the tunnels of the 3D network. - Highlights: • Structure and properties of Na 3 MO 4 Cl (M=W, Mo) are reported for the first time. • They show a 3D network built by ClNa 6 , and WO 4 lies in the tunnels of the network. • IR spectra were used to verify the validity of the structure. • Band structures and density of states have been calculated.

  5. A General Approach to Access Morphologies of Polyoxometalates in Solution by Using SAXS: An Ab Initio Modeling Protocol.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Mu; Wang, Weiyu; Yin, Panchao

    2018-05-02

    Herein, we reported a general protocol for an ab initio modeling approach to deduce structure information of polyoxometalates (POMs) in solutions from scattering data collected by the small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) technique. To validate the protocol, the morphologies of a serious of known POMs in either aqueous or organic solvents were analyzed. The obtained particle morphologies were compared and confirmed with previous reported crystal structures. To extend the feasibility of the protocol to an unknown system of aqueous solutions of Na 2 MoO 4 with the pH ranging from -1 to 8.35, the formation of {Mo 36 } clusters was probed, identified, and confirmed by SAXS. The approach was further optimized with a multi-processing capability to achieve fast analysis of experimental data, thereby, facilitating in situ studies of formations of POMs in solutions. The advantage of this approach is to generate intuitive 3D models of POMs in solutions without confining information such as symmetries and possible sizes. © 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  6. Lattice dynamics at high pressure: application of inelastic X-ray scattering and ab-initio calculations -MgO at 35 GPa

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ghose, Subrata

    2006-01-01

    Full text: Until recently, inelastic neutron scattering (INS) has been extensively used to study the phonon dispersion throughout the Brillouin zone and phonon density of states in crystalline materials. The weak interaction of neutrons with matter and the typical size of the neutron beams require the use of cm-size single crystals that puts an upper limit to the measurement of phonon dispersion at high pressure to about 10-15 Gpa by INS. Inelastic X-ray scattering (IXS) using third generation synchrotron sources now makes it possible to measure the phonon dispersion at high pressures up to 50 GP A in crystals tens of microns in size mounted in a diamond-anvil cell, usually using He as the pressure transmitting medium. We have used this technique to measure the longitudinal acoustic and optic phonon branches of MgO along the Γ-X direction at 35 Gpa. The experimentally observed phonon-branches are in remarkable agreement with ab-initio quantum mechanical calculations using the density-functional perturbation theory. The derived thermodynamic properties, such as specific heat and the entropy are in very good agreement with values obtained from a thermodynamically assessed data set

  7. Explicit polarization (X-Pol) potential using ab initio molecular orbital theory and density functional theory.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Song, Lingchun; Han, Jaebeom; Lin, Yen-lin; Xie, Wangshen; Gao, Jiali

    2009-10-29

    The explicit polarization (X-Pol) method has been examined using ab initio molecular orbital theory and density functional theory. The X-Pol potential was designed to provide a novel theoretical framework for developing next-generation force fields for biomolecular simulations. Importantly, the X-Pol potential is a general method, which can be employed with any level of electronic structure theory. The present study illustrates the implementation of the X-Pol method using ab initio Hartree-Fock theory and hybrid density functional theory. The computational results are illustrated by considering a set of bimolecular complexes of small organic molecules and ions with water. The computed interaction energies and hydrogen bond geometries are in good accord with CCSD(T) calculations and B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ optimizations.

  8. Molecular structure determination of cyclooctane by Ab Initio and electron diffraction methods in the gas phase; Determinacao da estrutura molecular do ciclooctano por metodos Ab Initio e difracao de eletrons na fase gasosa

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Almeida, Wagner B. de [Minas Gerais Univ., Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil). Dept. de Quimica

    2000-10-01

    The determination of the molecular structure of molecules is of fundamental importance in chemistry. X-rays and electron diffraction methods constitute in important tools for the elucidation of the molecular structure of systems in the solid state and gas phase, respectively. The use of quantum mechanical molecular orbital ab initio methods offer an alternative for conformational analysis studies. Comparison between theoretical results and those obtained experimentally in the gas phase can make a significant contribution for an unambiguous determination of the geometrical parameters. In this article the determination for an unambiguous determination of the geometrical parameters. In this article the determination of the molecular structure of the cyclooctane molecule by electron diffraction in the gas phase an initio calculations will be addressed, providing an example of a comparative analysis of theoretical and experimental predictions. (author)

  9. Biological Applications of Hybrid Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics Calculation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jiyoung Kang

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Since in most cases biological macromolecular systems including solvent water molecules are remarkably large, the computational costs of performing ab initio calculations for the entire structures are prohibitive. Accordingly, QM calculations that are jointed with MM calculations are crucial to evaluate the long-range electrostatic interactions, which significantly affect the electronic structures of biological macromolecules. A UNIX-shell-based interface program connecting the quantum mechanics (QMs and molecular mechanics (MMs calculation engines, GAMESS and AMBER, was developed in our lab. The system was applied to a metalloenzyme, azurin, and PU.1-DNA complex; thereby, the significance of the environmental effects on the electronic structures of the site of interest was elucidated. Subsequently, hybrid QM/MM molecular dynamics (MD simulation using the calculation system was employed for investigation of mechanisms of hydrolysis (editing reaction in leucyl-tRNA synthetase complexed with the misaminoacylated tRNALeu, and a novel mechanism of the enzymatic reaction was revealed. Thus, our interface program can play a critical role as a powerful tool for state-of-the-art sophisticated hybrid ab initio QM/MM MD simulations of large systems, such as biological macromolecules.

  10. Calculation of electronic stopping power along glancing swift heavy ion tracks in perovskites using ab initio electron density data

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Osmani, O; Duvenbeck, A; Akcoeltekin, E; Meyer, R; Schleberger, M [Department of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-47048 Duisburg (Germany); Lebius, H [CIMAP, blvd Henri Becquerel, 14070 Caen (France)], E-mail: marika.schleberger@uni-due.de

    2008-08-06

    In recent experiments the irradiation of insulators of perovskite type with swift (E{approx}100 MeV) heavy ions under glancing incidence has been shown to provide a unique means to generate periodically arranged nanodots at the surface. The physical origin of these patterns has been suggested as stemming from a highly anisotropic electron density distribution within the bulk. In order to show the relevance of the electron density distribution of the target we present a model calculation for the system Xe{sup 23+} {yields} SrTiO{sub 3} that is known to produce the aforementioned surface modifications. On the basis of the Lindhard model of electronic stopping, we employ highly-resolved ab initio electron density data to describe the conversion of kinetic energy into excitation energy along the ion track. The primary particle dynamics are obtained via integration of the Newtonian equations of motion that are governed by a space- and time-dependent frictional force originating from Lindhard stopping. The analysis of the local electronic stopping power along the ion track reveals a pronounced periodic structure. The periodicity length varies strongly with the particular choice of the polar angle of incidence and is directly correlated to the experimentally observed formation of periodic nanodots at insulator surfaces.

  11. Spectroscopic study of uracil, 1-methyluracil and 1-methyl-4-thiouracil: Hydrogen bond interactions in crystals and ab-initio molecular dynamics

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brela, Mateusz Z.; Boczar, Marek; Malec, Leszek M.; Wójcik, Marek J.; Nakajima, Takahito

    2018-05-01

    Hydrogen bond networks in uracil, 1-methyluracil and 1-methyl-4-thiouracil were studied by ab initio molecular dynamics as well as analysis of the orbital interactions. The power spectra calculated by ab initio molecular dynamics for atoms involved in hydrogen bonds were analyzed. We calculated spectra by using anharmonic approximation based on the autocorrelation function of the atom positions obtained from the Born-Oppenheimer simulations. Our results show the differences between hydrogen bond networks in uracil and its methylated derivatives. The studied methylated derivatives, 1-methyluracil as well as 1-methyl-4-thiouracil, form dimeric structures in the crystal phase, while uracil does not form that kind of structures. The presence of sulfur atom instead oxygen atom reflects weakness of the hydrogen bonds that build dimers.

  12. A permutationally invariant full-dimensional ab initio potential energy surface for the abstraction and exchange channels of the H + CH4 system

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Li, Jun; Chen, Jun; Zhao, Zhiqiang; Zhang, Dong H.; Xie, Daiqian; Guo, Hua

    2015-01-01

    We report a permutationally invariant global potential energy surface (PES) for the H + CH 4 system based on ∼63 000 data points calculated at a high ab initio level (UCCSD(T)-F12a/AVTZ) using the recently proposed permutation invariant polynomial-neural network method. The small fitting error (5.1 meV) indicates a faithful representation of the ab initio points over a large configuration space. The rate coefficients calculated on the PES using tunneling corrected transition-state theory and quasi-classical trajectory are found to agree well with the available experimental and previous quantum dynamical results. The calculated total reaction probabilities (J tot = 0) including the abstraction and exchange channels using the new potential by a reduced dimensional quantum dynamic method are essentially the same as those on the Xu-Chen-Zhang PES [Chin. J. Chem. Phys. 27, 373 (2014)

  13. Speed-up of ab initio hybrid Monte Carlo and ab initio path integral hybrid Monte Carlo simulations by using an auxiliary potential energy surface

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nakayama, Akira; Taketsugu, Tetsuya; Shiga, Motoyuki

    2009-01-01

    Efficiency of the ab initio hybrid Monte Carlo and ab initio path integral hybrid Monte Carlo methods is enhanced by employing an auxiliary potential energy surface that is used to update the system configuration via molecular dynamics scheme. As a simple illustration of this method, a dual-level approach is introduced where potential energy gradients are evaluated by computationally less expensive ab initio electronic structure methods. (author)

  14. Influence of the ab initio n–d cross sections in the critical heavy-water benchmarks

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Morillon, B.; Lazauskas, R.; Carbonell, J.

    2013-01-01

    Highlights: ► We solve the three nucleon problem using different NN potential (MT, AV18 and INOY) to calculate the Neutron–deuteron cross sections. ► These cross sections are compared to the existing experimental data and to international libraries. ► We describe the different sets of heavy water benchmarks for which the Monte Carlo simulations have been performed including our new Neutron–deuteron cross sections. ► The results obtained by the ab initio INOY potential have been compared with the calculations based on the international library cross sections and are found to be of the same quality. - Abstract: The n–d elastic and breakup cross sections are computed by solving the three-body Faddeev equations for realistic and semi-realistic nucleon–nucleon potentials. These cross sections are inserted in the Monte Carlo simulation of the nuclear processes considered in the International Handbook of Evaluated Criticality Safety Benchmark Experiments (ICSBEP Handbook). The results obtained using thes ab initio n–d cross sections are compared with those provided by the most renown international libraries

  15. 99Mo production by 100Mo(n,2n)99Mo using accelerator neutrons

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sato, Nozomi; Kawabata, Masako; Nagai, Yasuki; Hashimoto, Kazuyuki; Hatsukawa, Yuichi; Saeki, Hideya; Motoishi, Shoji; Kin, Tadahiro; Konno, Chikara; Ochiai, Kentaro; Takakura, Kosuke; Minato, Futoshi; Iwamoto, Osamu; Iwamoto, Nobuyuki; Hashimoto, Shintaro

    2013-01-01

    We proposed a new route to produce a medical radioisotope 99 Mo by the 100 Mo(n,2n) 99 Mo reaction using accelerator neutrons. A high-quality 99 Mo with a minimum level of radioactive waste can be obtained by the proposed reaction. The decay product of 99 Mo, 99m Tc, is separated from 99 Mo by the sublimation method. The proposed route could bring a major breakthrough in the solution of ensuring a constant and reliable supply of 99 Mo. (author)

  16. The computation of ionization potentials for second-row elements by ab initio and density functional theory methods

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jursic, B.S.

    1996-01-01

    Up to four ionization potentials of elements from the second-row of the periodic table were computed using the ab initio (HF, MP2, MP3, MP4, QCISD, GI, G2, and G2MP2) and DFT (B3LY, B3P86, B3PW91, XALPHA, HFS, HFB, BLYP, BP86, BPW91, BVWN, XAPLY, XAP86, XAPW91, XAVWN, SLYR SP86, SPW91 and SVWN) methods. In all of the calculations, the large 6-311++G(3df,3pd) gaussian type of basis set was used. The computed values were compared with the experimental results and suitability of the ab initio and DFF methods were discussed, in regard to reproducing the experimental data. From the computed ionization potentials of the second-row elements, it can be concluded that the HF ab initio computation is not capable of reproducing the experimental results. The computed ionization potentials are too low. However, by using the ab initio methods that include electron correlation, the computed IPs are becoming much closer to the experimental values. In all cases, with the exception of the first ionization potential for oxygen, the G2 computation result produces ionization potentials that are indistinguishable from the experimental results

  17. Few-layer MoS2 as nitrogen protective barrier

    Science.gov (United States)

    Akbali, B.; Yanilmaz, A.; Tomak, A.; Tongay, S.; Çelebi, C.; Sahin, H.

    2017-10-01

    We report experimental and theoretical investigations of the observed barrier behavior of few-layer MoS2 against nitrogenation. Owing to its low-strength shearing, low friction coefficient, and high lubricity, MoS2 exhibits the demeanor of a natural N-resistant coating material. Raman spectroscopy is done to determine the coating capability of MoS2 on graphene. Surface morphology of our MoS2/graphene heterostructure is characterized by using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. In addition, density functional theory-based calculations are performed to understand the energy barrier performance of MoS2 against nitrogenation. The penetration of nitrogen atoms through a defect-free MoS2 layer is prevented by a very high vertical diffusion barrier, indicating that MoS2 can serve as a protective layer for the nitrogenation of graphene. Our experimental and theoretical results show that MoS2 material can be used both as an efficient nanocoating material and as a nanoscale mask for selective nitrogenation of graphene layer.

  18. Ab initio molecular dynamics calculations on scattering of hyperthermal H atoms from Cu(111) and Au(111)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kroes, Geert-Jan, E-mail: g.j.kroes@chem.leidenuniv.nl; Pavanello, Michele [Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden (Netherlands); Blanco-Rey, María [Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Químicas UPV/EHU, Apartado 1072, 20080 Donostia-San Sebastián (Spain); Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián (Spain); Alducin, Maite [Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián (Spain); Centro de Física de Materiales, Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián (Spain); Auerbach, Daniel J. [Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden (Netherlands); Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen (Germany); Institute for Physical Chemistry, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Göttingen (Germany)

    2014-08-07

    Energy loss from the translational motion of an atom or molecule impinging on a metal surface to the surface may determine whether the incident particle can trap on the surface, and whether it has enough energy left to react with another molecule present at the surface. Although this is relevant to heterogeneous catalysis, the relative extent to which energy loss of hot atoms takes place to phonons or electron-hole pair (ehp) excitation, and its dependence on the system's parameters, remain largely unknown. We address these questions for two systems that present an extreme case of the mass ratio of the incident atom to the surface atom, i.e., H + Cu(111) and H + Au(111), by presenting adiabatic ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) predictions of the energy loss and angular distributions for an incidence energy of 5 eV. The results are compared to the results of AIMDEFp calculations modeling energy loss to ehp excitation using an electronic friction (“EF”) model applied to the AIMD trajectories, so that the energy loss to the electrons is calculated “post” (“p”) the computation of the AIMD trajectory. The AIMD calculations predict average energy losses of 0.38 eV for Cu(111) and 0.13-0.14 eV for Au(111) for H-atoms that scatter from these surfaces without penetrating the surface. These energies closely correspond with energy losses predicted with Baule models, which is suggestive of structure scattering. The predicted adiabatic integral energy loss spectra (integrated over all final scattering angles) all display a lowest energy peak at an energy corresponding to approximately 80% of the average adiabatic energy loss for non-penetrative scattering. In the adiabatic limit, this suggests a way of determining the approximate average energy loss of non-penetratively scattered H-atoms from the integral energy loss spectrum of all scattered H-atoms. The AIMDEFp calculations predict that in each case the lowest energy loss peak should show additional energy

  19. Ab initio molecular dynamics calculations on scattering of hyperthermal H atoms from Cu(111) and Au(111).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kroes, Geert-Jan; Pavanello, Michele; Blanco-Rey, María; Alducin, Maite; Auerbach, Daniel J

    2014-08-07

    Energy loss from the translational motion of an atom or molecule impinging on a metal surface to the surface may determine whether the incident particle can trap on the surface, and whether it has enough energy left to react with another molecule present at the surface. Although this is relevant to heterogeneous catalysis, the relative extent to which energy loss of hot atoms takes place to phonons or electron-hole pair (ehp) excitation, and its dependence on the system's parameters, remain largely unknown. We address these questions for two systems that present an extreme case of the mass ratio of the incident atom to the surface atom, i.e., H + Cu(111) and H + Au(111), by presenting adiabatic ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) predictions of the energy loss and angular distributions for an incidence energy of 5 eV. The results are compared to the results of AIMDEFp calculations modeling energy loss to ehp excitation using an electronic friction ("EF") model applied to the AIMD trajectories, so that the energy loss to the electrons is calculated "post" ("p") the computation of the AIMD trajectory. The AIMD calculations predict average energy losses of 0.38 eV for Cu(111) and 0.13-0.14 eV for Au(111) for H-atoms that scatter from these surfaces without penetrating the surface. These energies closely correspond with energy losses predicted with Baule models, which is suggestive of structure scattering. The predicted adiabatic integral energy loss spectra (integrated over all final scattering angles) all display a lowest energy peak at an energy corresponding to approximately 80% of the average adiabatic energy loss for non-penetrative scattering. In the adiabatic limit, this suggests a way of determining the approximate average energy loss of non-penetratively scattered H-atoms from the integral energy loss spectrum of all scattered H-atoms. The AIMDEFp calculations predict that in each case the lowest energy loss peak should show additional energy loss in the

  20. Energy for the interface system of (Nb, Mo)C/γ-Fe

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zhou, Yanyuan; Wang, Zhenqiang; Zhao, Jiaying; Niu, Zhongyi; Guo, Chunhuan; Jiang, Fengchun [Harbin Engineering University, Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin (China); Leng, Zhe [Harbin Engineering University, Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin (China); Zhejiang Ocean University, Innovation and Application Institute, Zhoushan (China); Zhang, Zhengyan; Yao, Chunfa [Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Department of Structural Steels, Beijing (China); Yang, Zhigang [Tsinghua University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing (China)

    2017-08-15

    The interfacial energies of MC/γ-Fe and formation energies of MC carbides have been investigated using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). Results show that the replacement of Nb by Mo in the NbC lattice is unfavorable with respect to the formation energy. However, it reduces the lattice parameter of MC and decreases the σ{sub chemical} (interfacial chemical energy) of MC/γ-Fe, thus favoring the formation of complex (Nb, Mo)C carbide. The substitution of Nb by Mo at the interface of MC/γ-Fe system promotes the hybridizations of Mo-1NNFe and C-1NNFe (or 2NNFe) (the first or second nearest neighboring Fe atoms), which leads to a decrease in σ{sub chemical}. The influence of bond energy is estimated using the discrete lattice plane/nearest neighbor broken bond (DLP/NNBB) model. It is found that the reduced is attributed to the much smaller value of e{sub Fe-C}-e{sub Mo-C} (the difference between Fe-C and Nb-C interactions). The results obtained from the analysis of the precipitates in Nb- and Nb-Mo-bearing steels are in a good agreement with the calculations. (orig.)