Knjižnična podrška studentskom učenju i istraživanju: ocjena kvalitete hrvatskih visokoškolskih knjižnica u postupku reakreditacije visokih učilišta

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aleksandra Pikić

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Potpisivanjem Bolonjske deklaracije Republika Hrvatska obavezala se na kontinuirano praćenje kvalitete sustava za visoko obrazovanje, koje se u praksi između ostaloga odvija postupkom reakreditacije. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati razinu uspješnosti hrvatskih visokoškolskih knjižnica pomoću analize ocjena knjižničnih resursa koje su dali članovi stručnih povjerenstava prvog ciklusa reakreditacije hrvatskih visokih učilišta. Istraživanje obuhvaća sva hrvatska visoka učilišta koja su prošla postupak reakreditacije od samog početka njezina provođenja (ak. god. 2010./11. pa do kraja 2015. U tom periodu kroz postupak je prošlo ukupno 129 visokih učilišta ili dijelova visokih učilišta. Rezultati su pokazali da su, ukupno gledajući, hrvatske visokoškolske knjižnice u prosjeku dobile ocjenu 3. Također se pokazalo da nema razlike u ocjeni knjižničnih resursa između sveučilišnih sastavnica te veleučilišta i visokih škola, zatim između javnih i privatnih visokih učilišta te na kraju između glavnih sveučilišnih središta: Zagreba, Splita, Rijeke i Osijeka.

Analyzing Idioms and Their Frequency in Three Advanced ILI Textbooks: A Corpus-Based Study

Science.gov (United States)

Alavi, Sepideh; Rajabpoor, Aboozar

2015-01-01

The present study aimed at identifying and quantifying the idioms used in three ILI "Advanced" level textbooks based on three different English corpora; MICASE, BNC and the Brown Corpus, and comparing the frequencies of the idioms across the three corpora. The first step of the study involved searching the books to find multi-word…

Potência de ação e ordem: o poder e a razão segundo Nicolau Maquiavel e Thomas Hobbes

OpenAIRE

Kersting, Wolfgang

2006-01-01

O autor apresenta aborda, primeiramente, a relação entre poder e razão no pensamento político de Maquiavel. Num segundo momento, apresenta, no pensamento de Hobbes, a trajetória que se estende da razão impotente do estado de natureza até à razão poderosa do Estado, dispensador de segurança

El Error de Descartes, La emoción, la razón y el cerebro Humano (Book Review)

OpenAIRE

David Alberto Quebradas Angrino

2011-01-01

El alma y el cuerpo, al igual que la razón y las emociones, fueron en la modernidad grandes protagonistas de discusiones suscitadas en el escenario de la filosofía, donde el afán de comprender al “Hombre” hizo de éstos, actores antagónicos de un conflicto que terminó con la separación del cuerpo y la mente, y con la instauración del régimen de la razón sobre las emociones. Así, se enseñó que la razón debía desembarazarse de las interferencias de las emociones y las decisiones “debían tomarse ...

Potência de ação e ordem: o poder e a razão segundo Nicolau Maquiavel e Thomas Hobbes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kersting, Wolfgang

2006-01-01

Full Text Available O autor apresenta aborda, primeiramente, a relação entre poder e razão no pensamento político de Maquiavel. Num segundo momento, apresenta, no pensamento de Hobbes, a trajetória que se estende da razão impotente do estado de natureza até à razão poderosa do Estado, dispensador de segurança

El Error de Descartes, La emoción, la razón y el cerebro Humano (Book Review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

David Alberto Quebradas Angrino

2011-12-01

Full Text Available El alma y el cuerpo, al igual que la razón y las emociones, fueron en la modernidad grandes protagonistas de discusiones suscitadas en el escenario de la filosofía, donde el afán de comprender al “Hombre” hizo de éstos, actores antagónicos de un conflicto que terminó con la separación del cuerpo y la mente, y con la instauración del régimen de la razón sobre las emociones. Así, se enseñó que la razón debía desembarazarse de las interferencias de las emociones y las decisiones “debían tomarse con la cabeza fría”.

Feminismo e Ilustración (XIV Conferencias Aranguren: I. De la razón inerte a la razón meritoria; II. Por una Ilustración multicultural

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Amorós, Celia

2006-06-01

Full Text Available In the first part of this text, we present a reading of the Enlightenment that seeks to identify, among the different conceptualisations of reason displayed by enlightened thinking, the one offering the greatest emancipatory virtualities for feminism. The starting point is an analysis of Hume’s concept of personal identity that exposes its patriarchal bias. Against Hume’s notion of an inert reason we set the train of thought that led Poullain de la Barre to conceive reason as permanent work, or effort. The contribution of this feminist philosopher, an epigone of cartesianism, is liked to the spinozian «conatus» by a line that takes us all the way to Mary Wollstonecraft’s idea of reason as «meriting reason »: a reason that is free of adscriptive privileges in the network of forces in which it operates together with passions, a reason that is endowed with emerging critical value towards the Ancien Régime. In the second part, we argue that the critical- reflexive processes that challenge the legitimacy of institutions in force in a culture are not the monopoly of the Western World. In this sense, the Enlightenment is not an exclusive western property in so far as we can find, in other cultures, «veins of Enlightenment ». As endorsement of this hypothesis, we re-read the work of Maghreb philosopher Al -Yabri, author of Critique of Arab Reason, as a paradigmatic example of how it is possible to carry out a selective appropriation of a culture’s own past on the grounds of the «cultural interpellations» of the present. Under this light, Averroes is reclaimed as a classic of a «planetary modernity», a modernity committed to laicism, and one, moreover, that yields interesting implications for feminism.

En una primera parte presentamos una lectura de la Ilustración guiada por el interés de identificar, entre las distintas concepciones de la razón que se despliegan en ella, la que presenta mayores virtualidades

La razón religiosa según Zubiri

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Enzo Solari

2010-01-01

Full Text Available se expone en este trabajo una posible reconstrucción de la estructura de la razón religiosa al hilo de la fenomenología o analítica de la inteligencia de Zubiri. Así, la modalidad intelectiva racional es presentada a la luz de su particular configuración religiosa o teísta. La razón, en efecto, viene a ser una profundización del logos religioso y, por lo mismo, de la interpretación específicamente teísta del poder de lo real que, según Zubiri, religa a la existencia humana y a todas las cosas. Dios es, entonces, la realidad plenaria que se esboza y experiencia por conformación de la vida humana y -a veces- por compenetración con su realidad personal o vital, y en todo caso como realidad fundamental digna de fe y confianza.This paper discussed in a possible reconstruction on the structure of the religious reason in a row of the Zubiri's phenomenology or analytical of the intelligence. Thus, the mode rational of intelligence is presented in the light of their particular religious or theistic configuration. The reason, indeed, amounts to a deepening of religious logos and, therefore, of specifically theistic interpretation on the power of reality, that, according to Zubiri, reconnects to human existence and all things. God then is the summum reality outlined and experienced shaping human life and, at times, by bonding with their personal reality or life, and in any case as fundamental reality of faith and trust worthy.

Sombras ilustradas sobre la Crítica de la razón pura. La estrategia kantiana frente a la problemática del Iluminismo alemán

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Miguel Alejandro Herszenbaun

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Se busca precisar cómo la Crítica de la razón pura responde al problema fundamen-tal del Iluminismo alemán: la articulación entre la autoridad de la razón y la fe. Kant busca rescatar las intenciones del racionalista dogmático –compatibilizar la fe y la razón–, pero rechaza el racionalismo y su método. La “Antinomia de la razón pura” y la “Disciplina de la razón pura” llevan a cabo esta estrategia: la primera evidencia que el racionalismo no puede fundamentar la fe por medio de la razón y elucida el origen de esta incapacidad; la segunda se distancia del método racionalista utilizado en las pruebas de la “Antinomia”. Queda así abierto el camino para una razón finita pero crítica, capaz de ser restituida al lugar de autoridad que la Ilustración le ha reservado.

Critical Evaluation of the New Headway Advanced and the ILI Advanced Series: A Comparison of Curricular Components and CLT Objectives Based on ACTFL

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Esmail Zare-Behtash

2017-07-01

Full Text Available The critical evaluation of systematic planning, development and review practices of instructional materials intend to improve the quality of teaching and learning. This study investigates the objectives of communicative language teaching and curricular components of two important textbooks which are widely studied in Iran: the New Headway Advanced Series (2015, the Iran Language Institute (ILI Advanced1 (2008. The evaluation is done in terms of two prospects; firstly, the interpretation of communicative language teaching objectives and secondly, curricular components of the books. To this aim, a checklist of 5 Cs standards and seven curricular components evaluation developed by American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL was employed. The evaluation reveals that the New Headway advanced series is more preferable and desirable than the ILI Advanced 1 due to the design and organization, authenticity, attractiveness, functionality, practicality and the other qualities mentioned above regarding communication, cultures, connection, comparison, and community in all aspects. The evaluation based on the seven curricular components- language systems, communication strategies, cultural knowledge, learning strategies, content from other subject areas, critical thinking skills, technology and the other features- indicates that the ILI textbook enjoys low standards and is not well developed in all components. The ILI textbook is highly reading and writing oriented and not appropriate for transactional and interactional learning purposes. This study acquaints language teachers and learners with the more desirable and cogent book.

14-18 yaş arası ergenlerin benlik saygısı ve psikolojik dayanıklılık düzeyleri arasındaki ilişki

OpenAIRE

Sarıkaya, Açelya

2015-01-01

Bu araştırmanın amacı lise çağındaki ergenlerin benlik saygıları ile psikolojik dayanıklılıkları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Bunun yanı sıra teorik anlamda benlik saygısıyla ilişkili olduğu düşünülen; cinsiyet, yaş, doğum sırası, ebeveynlerin eğitim durumu, ebeveynlerin birliktelik durumu, algılanan sosyoekonomik düzey gibi demografik özelliklerin de bu değişkenle ilişkileri araştırılmıştır. Araştırmada ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır ve araştırmanın evrenini Yalova ...

Luminescence dating of the Zeketai loess section in the Ili Basin, northwestern China: Methodological considerations

Science.gov (United States)

Qin, Jintang; Zhou, Liping

2018-04-01

Loess deposits in Xinjiang, northwestern China are ideal archives for past environmental changes in the Westerlies-dominated central Asia. Among previous luminescence dating studies of loess in Xinjiang, few have attempted to systematically investigate the methodological aspects. In this study, we report results of a multiple-procedure luminescence dating of the Zeketai loess section in the Ili Basin, central Xinjiang. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence (pIRIR) signals were used for quartz and polymineral grains of different sizes. The pIRIR ages obtained with two protocols agree well with each other and constrain the loess deposition between 50 ka and 88 ka. The OSL ages of fine-grained quartz are in stratigraphic order and range from 37 ka to 61 ka, but are ∼30% younger than the pIRIR295 ages of both fine and medium grained polyminerals. Although the causes of the discrepancy between the ages derived from different luminescence dating protocols are still to be understood, we stress that the quartz OSL ages of loess in this region are likely to be underestimated, especially for samples older than 40 ka. The polymineral or potassium feldspar pIRIR signal is recommended for dating loess in the Ili Basin, at least as an internal check.

Paixão e razão na economia política

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Alexandre Queiroz Guimarães

2013-12-01

Full Text Available O artigo procura apresentar, por ângulos distintos, algumas relações existentes entre paixão, razão e economia. Recorre, com este intuito, ao lançamento e à evolução da problemática paixão-razão no seio da filosofia política moderna, desembocando, com Adam Smith, no "nascimento" da economia política. Percorre, então, o tratamento metodológico da ciência econômica, apontando o "modelo de homem" adotado e indicando as brechas para a introdução das paixões. Enfim, procura, com Tocqueville e Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, exemplificar "experiências concretas", reiterando a importância de alguns valores e paixões para o êxito do empreendimento capitalista. Conclui, sem negar a funcionalidade das abstrações e do modelo de homem utilizado, pela necessidade de descer às paixões, buscando, na "constituição dos indivíduos" de determinada sociedade, mais um fator relevante para o entendimento das trajetórias de desenvolvimento econômico.

Nashei strane Shariki ne nuzhnõ / Silver Meikar

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Meikar, Silver, 1978-

2008-01-01

Vastukaja 14. novembril ajalehes Den za Dnjom ilmunud Vladimir Velmani artiklile "Inostrantsõ, immigrantõ, okkupantõ... teper jeshtsho i Sharikovõ?", mis oli omakorda vastukaja novembrikuu ajalehes KesKus ilmunud Silver Meikari artiklile "Kas Shaarik on juba eestlane?"

SPECT and 123I-Iodolisuride (123-I-ILIS) in extra-pyramidal syndromes. The use of different models of γ-cameras

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ribeiro, M.J.; Jannuario, C.; Santos, A.C.; Cunha, L.; Pedroso de Lima, J.J.; Prunier-Levilion, C.; Autret, A.; Guilloteau, D.; Besnard, J.C.; Baulieu, J.L.; Chassat, F.; Bekhechi, D.; Marchand, J.; Mauclaire, L.; Catela, L.

1999-01-01

The aim of this work was to evaluate 123 I-ILIS as a radioligand of dopamine receptors in patients with extra-pyramidal diseases by using different cameras in two different centers. 45 patients were included and divided in 2 groups: group I (n=28): idiopathic Parkinson disease, group II (n=17): other extra-pyramidal syndrome. 123 I-ILIS, 1.7 to 2.8 MBq/kg, was injected after informed consent. Imaging was performed with a single head camera, a dual head camera, a triple head camera and a brain dedicated annular detector. The pattern of the transverse slices containing the basal ganglia was classified according to 3 types: type 1: visible basal ganglia and invisible cortex, type 2: invisible basal ganglia and visible cortex, type 3: visible basal ganglia and cortex. Striatal/frontal cortex ratio (S/FC) was calculated from standardized, geometrical ROI's. No patient showed any undesirable effect. All SPECT images were interpretable. In group 1, 45/45 scintigraphic pattern were type 1 or 3, in group II 18/23 scintigraphic patterns were type 2 or 3. S/FC was significantly lower in group II than in group I patients. We conclude that 123 I-ILIS SPECT can be performed with any conventional γ-camera. It provides functional informations about the striatal dopaminergic synapse in patients with extra-pyramidal degenerative disease, and could be useful in the differential diagnosis between Parkinson disease and other extra-pyramidal syndromes. (author)

Mulher: sonho, razão e poder

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Flávia Regina Ramos Gonzaga

1992-09-01

Full Text Available O texto apresenta uma síntese do filme "Mulher: Sonho, Razão e Poder", no qual as autoras discutem as relações de poder presentes no cotidiano de uma enfermeira. 0 eixo principal se estabelece em torno da condição da mulher e da enfermagem profissional na sociedade brasileira. A reflexão, enriquecida com recortes de vários .átudiosos contemporâneos do tema "poder", percorre três momentos: - o confronto consigo mesma, - o despertar para a realidade, e - a tomada de consciência do poder. O objetivo do trabalho foi estabelecer a trajetória do processo de amadurecimento pessoal e profissional que culmina numa nova visão de si e da profissão e recupera a consciência da diversidade e do potencial de oposição às forças que condicionam a realidade impondo-lhe novo rumo.

A ideia de Deus em Kant: da ilusão da razão pura ao postulado de agente moral

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Rose Silvania Figueiredo do Vale

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Dissertação de Mestrado.VALE, Rose Silvania Figueiredo do. A ideia de Deus em Kant: da ilusão da razão pura ao postulado de agente moral. 2012. 132 folhas. Dissertação (Mestrado – Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Religião, Belo Horizonte.Palavras-chave: Ideias transcendentais. Ilusão. Razão. Moral. Deus. Homem.Key works: Transcendental ideas, Illusion, Reason, Moral, God, Man.

Una nueva lectura de Razón de amor

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Francisco Manuel Gómez Domingo

1996-12-01

Full Text Available Razón de Amor es un poema de difícil explicación. Es un poema medieval de autor desconocido que se nos da a conocer por primera vez en 1887 por Morel-Fatio. Desde esa fecha, se han escrito diversos artículos de todo tipo, intentando encontrar o descubrir su sentido último, su estructura, su unidad, etc. La mayoría de la crítica ha fijado su interés en intentar encontrar su unidad compositiva o en negársela. Noes extraño que esto haya sido así porque, no es normal encontramos dos composiciones tan distintas, como lo son un poema de amor y un debate goliardesco, en una sola obra.

Razón y fe en Clemente de Alejandría

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Marcelo Merino Rodríguez

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo analiza la relación entre fe y razón en Clemente de Alejandría, quien, si bien no ha desarrollado una teoría sistemática sobre el particular, ha intuido el gran principio equilibrador: Dios mismo es autor de la naturaleza y la gracia. En este sentido, logra una eficaz síntesis de ambas: no permite minusvalorar o desconocer la modesta contribución de la razón, sin enaltecer tampoco la doctrina revelada, al punto de declararla única certeza soberana en el camino que el hombre debe recorrer hacia su propia salvación eterna. El artículo está complementado con un estudio de los antecedentes histórico-culturales y biográficos que permite comprender adecuadamente el contexto del pensamiento de Clemente.This article analyzes the relationship between faith and reason in Clement of Alexandria, who, although he did not develop a systematic theory on the matter, sensed the great balance principle: God Himself is the author of nature and grace. Thus he achieves an effective synthesis of both: he does not allow the modest contribution of reason to be underestimated or ignored, but does not exalt revealed doctrine to the point of declaring it the only sovereign certainty on the road that man must take towards his own eternal salvation. This article is complemented by a study of historical-cultural and biographical background information to properly understand the context of Clement's thought.

Hemşirelerin problem çözme becerileri ve atılganlıkları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi

OpenAIRE

Polat, Hatice

2014-01-01

Araştırma, hemşirelerin problem çözme becerileri ile atılganlıkları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amacıyla analitik- kesitsel olarak planlanmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini 2011 yılı itibariyle ve araştırma takvimi süresince Muğla ili Muğla Üniversitesi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi'nde çalışan 300 hemşire oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verileri, tanımlayıcı özellikleri içeren Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Rathus Atılganlık Envanteri ve Gözden Geçirilmiş Sosyal Sorun Çözme Envanteri (GGSSÇE) ile toplanmış...

Max Weber e Martin Heidegger: a centralidade da razão e a perda da liberdade

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Edilene Maria de Carvalho Leal

2015-10-01

Full Text Available A intenção desse artigo é analisar algumas ambivalências da modernidade, com destaque para a que consideramos a principal delas: a centralidade da razão como categoria analítica e como modelo das práticas sociais. Essa proposta é, evidentemente, uma proposta de análise teórica que se dará no âmbito específico da teoria social e da filosofia, principalmente desde interpretações produzidas por Max Weber e Martin Heidegger. Trata-se, em uma primeira instância, da tentativa de discutir criticamente as “autodescrições” que esses pensadores fizeram da modernidade. De um lado, a defesa weberiana da centralidade da razão; de outro, a crítica pós-metafísica heideggeriana dessa centralidade. Desse flagrante desencontro, podemos destacar um possível encontro analítico entre eles, ou seja, a crítica à perda da liberdade no contexto moderno.

Max Weber e Martin Heidegger: a centralidade da razão e a perda da liberdade

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edilene Maria de Carvalho Leal

2015-09-01

Full Text Available A intenção desse artigo é analisar algumas ambivalências da modernidade, com destaque para a que consideramos a principal delas: a centralidade da razão como categoria analítica e como modelo das práticas sociais. Essa proposta é, evidentemente, uma proposta de análise teórica que se dará no âmbito específico da teoria social e da filosofia, principalmente desde interpretações produzidas por Max Weber e Martin Heidegger. Trata-se, em uma primeira instância, da tentativa de discutir criticamente as “autodescrições” que esses pensadores fizeram da modernidade. De um lado, a defesa weberiana da centralidade da razão; de outro, a crítica pós-metafísica heideggeriana dessa centralidade. Desse flagrante desencontro, podemos destacar um possível encontro analítico entre eles, ou seja, a crítica à perda da liberdade no contexto moderno.

Uletajet poslednjaja staja : [luuletused] / Mihhail Jasnov

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Jasnov, Mihhail

2002-01-01

Sisu: "V zeljonom tumane rastajav..." ; "Poka jeshtsho zhizn ne sgustilas do tutshi..." ; "Vospominaju o davnei minute..." "Ja gljadel na tebja poutru..." ; "Proshloje na to i mjagtshe voska..." ; "Ottogo, tshto ne derzhal zastoli..." ; "Vovsju svistjat - a vse v snegu, vse golo..." ; "Zhizn predpologajet odinotshestvo..." ; "Kazhdõi den obrõvajetsja s krovju..."

Muusa ; "Siin möödus Pushkini eksiili algus..." ; Looming ; "Ma halvustan eleegiat ja oodi..." ; Esimene kaugelaskekahur Leningradis ; "Hauad on aeda kaevatud..." ; "Eks nüüd koputa väikese käega..." ; "Kui uks on suletud ja ühtki häält ei k

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Ahmatova, Anna, pseud., 1889-1966

2006-01-01

Orig.: Muza ; "Zdes Pushkina izgnanje natshalos (Kavkazskoje) ; Tvortshestvo ; "Mne ni ktshemu oditsheskije rati..." ; Pervõi dalnoboinõi v Leningrade ; "Shtsheli v sadu võrõtõ..." ; "Postutshis kulakom - ja otkroju..." ; "Kogda lezhit luna lomtem tshardzhuiskoi dõni..." ; "Mnogoje jeshtsho, naverno, hotshet..." ; "I kak vsegda bõvajet v dni razrõva..."

La razón de ser de los conglomerantes

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Fernández Paris, J. M.

1978-09-01

Full Text Available La palabra cemento sirve para designar cualquier sustancia con capacidad adherente, mientras que el término conglomerante se aplica a la acción de aglutinar en un todo partículas que anteriormente estaban sueltas o independientes. Según su capacidad o no de endurecer bajo agua, los conglomerantes se clasifican en hidráulicos y no hidráulicos. Se denominan hidráulicos a aquéllos que tienen la citada facultad. Entre todos los conglomerantes hidráulicos, han adquirido en la construcción una carta de naturaleza inusitada durante los últimos tiempos los denominados cementos porland. Quiero hacer constar que trato de exponer simplemente aquellos conceptos químicos que, a mi modo de ver y de acuerdo con mi experiencia, constituyen la razón de ser que nos permita apreciar sus cualidades y propiedades.

Survival and Transcendence of Transnational Indigenous Latina Immigrants (ILIs in the US

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Margarita Machado-Casas

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Transnational indigenous Latino immigrants today seem to live multiple lives across multiple borders. Based on a 3-year Mix methods research study that took place in a new immigrant-receiving community in North Carolina, the manuscript describes the experiences of Indigenous Latina Immigrants (ILIs living in the United States, specifically pedagogies of survival based on fluid social identities. The indigenous women who took part in this study had to adopt fluid unknown identities both in the home for cultural survival, and also outside the home (external identities for physical and social survival, often in hostile environments. In addition, it raises questions about the ways multilingualism affects border mobility and transnationality as well as how indigenous Latina immigrants become Camaleónas guerreras (Chameleon Warriors who use “critical survival tools” as a transnational bridge to facilitate their survival in a hostile US environment, the community, and in schools.

Ergenlerde parasosyal etkileşim: İnternette gerçek benlik, kendilik algısı ve sosyal kaygı arasındaki ilişkiler

OpenAIRE

AYTULUN, Gözde

2015-01-01

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, ergenlik dönemindeki seyircilerin dizikarakterleriyle geliştirdikleri parasosyal etkileşim ile internette gerçek benlik,kendilik algısı ve sosyal kaygı arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Bu çalışmada,cinsiyet ve yaşlarına göre sınıflandırılan bireyler, parasosyal etkileşim, internettegerçek benlik, kendilik algısı ve sosyal kaygı değişkenlerinden aldıkları puanlaraçısından da karşılaştırılmışlardır. Son olarak da, parasosyal etkileşimle ilişkili olanve paras...

El ser y la sustancia de Aristóteles ante la razón vital: las cuatro reducciones de la realidad

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Francesco de Nigris

2013-01-01

Full Text Available «Hermenéutica» significa interpretar, mirar desde un punto de vista. En este estudio buscamos interpretar desde la «razón vital», el método de Ortega y Gasset y su discípulo Julián Marías, el concepto aristotélico de «sustancia». Si la vida es la realidad radical, como afirma Ortega, y la persona es su realización programática, según entiende Marías, una razón vital de la οὐσία significa descubrir su capacidad de comprensión para con la vida humana. Encontraremos, entonces, que hay esencialmente cuatro límites que desvían de esa comprensión; mediante ellos, habremos encontrado el núcleo de importantes contradicciones del pensamiento aristotélico que han sido objeto de encendidos debates a lo largo de la historia. Nos centraremos, sobre todo, en la función del lenguaje en la concepción de la razón griega, en los supuestos interpretativos del «ser» y del «ente» como puntos de partida del pensamiento de Aristóteles.

Razón de contacto en engranajes cilíndricos rectos con socavado. // Contact ration in spur gears with undercut.

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E. Mirabet Lemos

2007-09-01

Full Text Available En el presente trabajo se muestra el desarrollo y la aplicación de una serie de expresiones que permiten evaluar la razón decontacto en transmisiones por engranajes donde el piñón y la rueda o el piñón solo poseen socavado. Además se muestra elprocedimiento para la aplicación de dichas expresiones, mediante la solución de cuatro problemas.Palabras claves: Socavado, trocoide, evolvente, engranajes, razón de contacto.________________________________________________________________________________Abstract.This paper deals with the development and application of a series of relations that allow evaluating the contact ratio in geartransmissions where the pinion and the wheel have undercut. The procedure is applied in the solution of four problems.Key words: Undercut, trochoid, evolvent, spur gear, contact ration.

Gobernar a otros y gobernarse a sí mismo según la razón política liberal

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Carlos Frade

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo intenta analizar la razón política liberal en sus dos arenas de despliegue privilegiadas: la relación de empleo en lo que concierne a gobernar a otros y la agencia empresarial en lo que concierne a gobernarse a sí mismo. Propone un marco teórico para abordar la razón política liberal como razón gubernamental, a la vez que trata de ilustrarlo mediante algunos análisis y estudios empíricos concretos. El artículo parte de una lectura crítica de Foucault y los estudios de gubernamentalidad y, en esencia, aspira a mostrar el doble imperativo, normalmente no reconocido, en que se fundamenta el liberalismo, consistente en aumentar la exposición de individuos y poblaciones al mercado y en someter ambos a la disciplina y a los controles cada vez más férreos que tal exposición inevitablemente conlleva. En particular, se muestra cómo la norma de empleo ha sido debilitada, y en parte sustituida, por un modelo de sujeto y de comportamiento impulsado por las políticas de empleabilidad y activación, mientras que las grandes empresas y los negocios tienden cada vez más a convertirse en puros modos de agencia revestidos de formas organizacionales cambiables y capaces de sustraerse a la inscripción legal, a la trazabilidad estadística y, en general, al control del Estado.

Türkiye’de denetleme, cezalar ve trafik güvenliği göstergeleri arasındaki ilişkiler: 2008-2012 yılları analizi

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Nebi Sümer

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Amaç: Trafik denetiminin amacı, psikolojik caydırma ve öğrenme kuramı ilkelerine dayalı olarak yollarda trafik kurallarına ve düzenlemelerine tam uyumu sağlamaktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de trafik denetimlerinin ve cezaların trafik kazaları, yaralanmaları ve ölümleri ile ilişkisini incelenmektir. Yöntem: Çalışmada 2008-2012 dönemine ait 81 ilin trafik denetleme, ceza ve kaza verileri kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla, 81 ilde söz konusu dönemde araç başına düşen denetleme, ceza, kaza, yaralı ve ölümlere ilişkin trafik güvenliği göstergeleri hesaplanmış ve ilgili değişkenler arasındaki korelasyonlar incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Kaza, yaralanma ve ölüm oranın azaltılmasında, ceza sayısının denetim sayısından daha etkili olduğu gözlenmiştir. Denetim türleri arasında en yüksek düzeyde negatif anlamlı ilişki alkol denetimleri ile kaza riskine ilişkin çeşitli değişkenler arasında bulunmuştur. Emniyet kemeri ve aşırı hız denetimleri de trafikteki ölüm, yaralanma ve kazaları azaltmada anlamlı etkiye sahiptir. Genel olarak denetim/ceza ile trafik kazaları, ölümleri ve yaralanmaları arasındaki korelasyonlar -0,30 civarındadır. Bu da denetleme ve/veya ceza sayısının Türkiye’de kazaları %10 düzeyinde azalttığına işaret etmektedir. Sonuç: Hem beş yıllık toplamda, hem de yıllar bazında, trafik denetimlerinin ve cezalarının başta ölü, yaralı ve kaza sayısı olmak üzere, farklı trafik güvenliği göstergeleriyle negatif yönde ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur.Anahtar Kelimeler: Trafik kazası, trafik güvenliği, trafik denetimi etkinliği, trafik cezası.

Central Asia’s Ili River Ecosystem as a Wicked Problem: Unraveling Complex Interrelationships at the Interface of Water, Energy, and Food

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Steven G. Pueppke

2018-04-01

Full Text Available The Ili River originates in the mountains of Xinjiang, China, and flows across an increasingly arid landscape before terminating in Kazakhstan’s Lake Balkhash, which has no outlet to the ocean. The river has been extensively impounded and diverted over the past half century to produce hydroelectric power and food on irrigated land. Water withdrawals are increasing to the extent that they are beginning to threaten the ecosystem, just as it is becoming stressed by altered inflows as glaciers retreat and disappear. If the Ili River ecosystem is to be preserved, it is crucial that we thoroughly understand the spatial and temporal nuances of the interrelationships between water, energy, and food—and the vulnerability of these components to climate change. The ecosystem has all of the characteristics of a classically-defined “wicked problem”, and so it warrants treatment as a complex and dynamic challenge subject to changing assumptions, unexpected consequences, and strong social and economic overtones. Research should thus focus not just on new knowledge about the water, energy, or food component, but on advancing our understanding of the ecosystem as a whole. This will require the participation of interdisciplinary teams of researchers with both tacit and specialized knowledge.

Estudio crítico de la razón instrumental totalitaria en Adorno y Horkheimer

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Fernando R. Contreras

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudio contempla la consolidación de la razón instrumental en la sociedad moderna. Se explica la dificultad de la oposición a la lógica de la cultura instrumental y las vías alternativas abiertas por Adorno y Horkheimer.This article contemplates the consolidation of the instrumental reason in the modern society. The difficulty is explained from the opposition to the logic of the instrumental culture and the alternative ways opened up by Adorno and Horkheimer

La razón y el absurdo en la obra de Leon Battista Alberti

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Sverlij, Mariana

2012-01-01

Uno de los rasgos más destacados de la producción de Leon Battista Alberti (1404- 1472) es la formulación de dos visiones del mundo simultáneas y contradictorias. El “paradigma de la razón”, que nutre sus tratados sobre la pintura, la escultura y la arquitectura se contradice e interactúa con el “paradigma de lo absurdo”, que da entidad a sus trabajos literarios, fundamentalmente su narración latina, Momus sive de Principe, y sus Intercenales. Si en Momus y las Intercenales predomina el carác...

SPLETNO OGLAŠEVANJE S POUDARKOM NA SOCIALNIH OMREŽJIH: PRIMER SPLETNE TRGOVINE ZOO MARKET REX

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Duh, Tjaša

2012-01-01

V diplomskem seminarju z naslovom Spletno oglaševanje s poudarkom na socialnih omrežjih smo se osredotočili na metode spletnega oglaševanja, raziskali prednosti in slabosti ter teoretična izhodišča povezali s primerom spletne trgovine Zoo Market Rex. V današnjem sodobnem in konkurenčnem okolju postaja elektronsko poslovanje vse bolj razširjena oblika poslovanja. Najpogostejši obliki sta spletna trgovina in spletno oglaševanje. Internet je medij prihodnosti in prav s tega vidika je smiselna vz...

ABSENTIZEM IN FLUKTUACIJA V OBČINI ŠKOFJA LOKA

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Hafner, Urban

2014-01-01

V diplomskem delu smo raziskali absentizem in fluktuacijo v občini Škofja Loka. Diplomsko delo je sestavljeno iz teoretičnega in empiričnega dela. V teoretičnem delu smo s pomočjo literature razložili strokovne pojme s poudarkom na absentizmu in fluktuaciji. Predstavili smo organizacijo in s formulami za izračun stopnje absentizma in fluktuacije izračunali vrednosti teh dveh pojmov za leta 2011, 2012 in 2013. V empiričnem delu smo kot orodje uporabili anketni vprašalnik, ki smo ga raz...

Leviatán como pretexto: T Hobbes y la invención moderna de la Razón

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CARLOS MOYA VALGAÑÓN

1979-01-01

Full Text Available T. Hobbes inventó el concepto moderno de estado y el discurso político racional. En Leviatán se equipara razón con gobierno. Se examina la historia occidental que precedió la redacción de Leviatán, comenzando con la cristianización progresiva de los reinos bárbaros. Fue la noción secularizada de razón, en contraposición al reinado de Dios sobre el mundo, la que proporcionó a la burguesía el fundamento epistemológico necesario para su ascensión social. La monarquía absoluta se convirtió en la primera forma del estado moderno. El desarrollo de la imprenta fue el instrumento tecnológico-industrial de la moderna revolución burguesa en la cristiandad occidental. La Reforma Protestante surgió de la nueva libertad para leer libros otrora prohibidos, constituyendo el primer ímpetu para el crecimiento industrial y el desarrollo de la empresa. Así, las revelaciones de la Santa Escritura dieron paso a la investigación científica y a la ciencia moderna.

Critical Evaluation of the New Headway Advanced and the ILI Advanced Series: A Comparison of Curricular Components and CLT Objectives Based on ACTFL

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Esmail Zare-Behtash; Hassan Banaruee

2017-01-01

The critical evaluation of systematic planning, development and review practices of instructional materials intend to improve the quality of teaching and learning. This study investigates the objectives of communicative language teaching and curricular components of two important textbooks which are widely studied in Iran: the New Headway Advanced Series (2015), the Iran Language Institute (ILI) Advanced1 (2008). The evaluation is done in terms of two prospects; firstly, the interpretation of...

A crítica hegeliana do entendimento e a perspectiva da razão

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Bezerra, Hildemar de Araújo

2011-01-01

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a crítica de Hegel à forma de pensar do Entendimento (Verstand) e a perspectiva de um novo conceito de Razão (Vernunft) ou racionalidade que daí surge, e isto tendo como base os três momentos do processo lógico (o momento do Entendimento, o Dialético e o Especulativo) apresentados por Hegel na Enciclopédia das Ciências Filosóficas. Mostrar-se-á que esta crítica se faz imanente à própria filosofia de Hegel, pois o Entendimento é tanto o objeto da crítica,...

A unique mountainous vertical distribution patterns and related environmental interpretation-a case study on the northern slope of the ili river valley

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tian, Z.P.; Wang, X.L.; Zhuang, L.

2016-01-01

Patterns of plant diversity and soil factors along the altitude gradient on the northern slope of Ili River Valley were examined. Plant and environment characteristics were surveyed from 1000-2200 m. There were a total of 155 vascular plant, 133 herbage, 18 shrub, and 7 tree species in 44 sampled plots. The plant richness of vegetation types generally showed a special pattern along altitude, with a bimodal change of plant species number at 100m intervals of altitude samples. The two belts of higher plant richness were in transient areas between vegetation types, the first in areas from low-mountain desert to forest, and the other from dry grass to coniferous forest. Matching the change of richness of plant species to environmental factors along altitude by GAM model and relation analysis revealed that the environmental factors controlling species richness and their patterns were the combined effects of soil salt and nutrition. Water was more important at lower altitude, and temperature at higher altitude, the role of the inversion layer at high altitude coniferous forest species diversity appearing to rise. Soil nutrition and salt also showed a similar distribution pattern of diversity. Especially, diversity index and soil salinity showed a strong correlation. This study provides insights into plant diversity conservation of ili River Valley in Tianshan Mountain. (author)

Performance of the inFLUenza Patient-Reported Outcome (FLU-PRO) diary in patients with influenza-like illness (ILI)

Science.gov (United States)

Bacci, Elizabeth D.; Leidy, Nancy K.; Poon, Jiat-Ling; Stringer, Sonja; Memoli, Matthew J.; Han, Alison; Fairchok, Mary P.; Coles, Christian; Owens, Jackie; Chen, Wei-Ju; Arnold, John C.; Danaher, Patrick J.; Lalani, Tahaniyat; Burgess, Timothy H.; Millar, Eugene V.; Ridore, Michelande; Hernández, Andrés; Rodríguez-Zulueta, Patricia; Ortega-Gallegos, Hilda; Galindo-Fraga, Arturo; Ruiz-Palacios, Guillermo M.; Pett, Sarah; Fischer, William; Gillor, Daniel; Moreno Macias, Laura; DuVal, Anna; Rothman, Richard; Dugas, Andrea; Guerrero, M. Lourdes

2018-01-01

Background The inFLUenza Patient Reported Outcome (FLU-PRO) measure is a daily diary assessing signs/symptoms of influenza across six body systems: Nose, Throat, Eyes, Chest/Respiratory, Gastrointestinal, Body/Systemic, developed and tested in adults with influenza. Objectives This study tested the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of FLU-PRO scores in adults with influenza-like illness (ILI). Methods Data from the prospective, observational study used to develop and test the FLU-PRO in influenza virus positive patients were analyzed. Adults (≥18 years) presenting with influenza symptoms in outpatient settings in the US, UK, Mexico, and South America were enrolled, tested for influenza virus, and asked to complete the 37-item draft FLU-PRO daily for up to 14-days. Analyses were performed on data from patients testing negative. Reliability of the final, 32-item FLU-PRO was estimated using Cronbach’s alpha (α; Day 1) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC; 2-day reproducibility). Convergent and known-groups validity were assessed using patient global assessments of influenza severity (PGA). Patient report of return to usual health was used to assess responsiveness (Day 1–7). Results The analytical sample included 220 ILI patients (mean age = 39.3, 64.1% female, 88.6% white). Sixty-one (28%) were hospitalized at some point in their illness. Internal consistency reliability (α) of FLU-PRO Total score was 0.90 and ranged from 0.72–0.86 for domain scores. Reproducibility (Day 1–2) was 0.64 for Total, ranging from 0.46–0.78 for domain scores. Day 1 FLU-PRO scores correlated (≥0.30) with the PGA (except Gastrointestinal) and were significantly different across PGA severity groups (Total: F = 81.7, pFLU-PRO scores are reliable, valid, and responsive in adults with influenza-like illness. PMID:29566007

Razão e democracia: uso público da razão e política deliberativa em Habermas[ign] [title language="en"]Reason and democracy[ign]: [subtitle]Public use of reason and deliberative politics in Habermas

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Denilson Luis Werle

2013-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do artigo é examinar como Habermas, orientado pela intuição normativa do uso público da razão, reconstrói uma concepção procedimental de democracia deliberativa, que, sem desconsiderar da dimensão estratégica e instrumental da esfera pública e da política, reformula a dimensão epistêmica da democracia: a aceitabilidade racional dos acordos políticos. Inicialmente, apresento brevemente a análise sociológica e histórica do conceito de esfera pública crítica, realizada em Mudança Estrutural da Esfera Pública (1962, para, em seguida, expor duas linhas de argumentação sobre o conceito de esfera pública e de política deliberativa, em Direito e Democracia (1992: a que se refere ao princípio de legitimação baseado na razão pública como uma reconstrução intersubjetiva e política do conceito kantiano de autonomia; e a que concerne aos aspectos essenciais da teoria crítica da sociedade fundada na distinção entre mundo da vida e sistema e a "tradução" sociológica e institucional do uso público da razão, nos conceitos de sociedade civil e esfera pública.The objective of this article is to examine how Habermas, guided by a normative intuition of the public use of reason, reconstructs a procedural conception of deliberative democracy which, without disregarding the strategic and instrumental dimensions of the public sphere and of politics, reconstructs the epistemic dimension of democracy: the rational acceptability of political agreements. First, I briefly present a historical and sociological analysis of the concept of the public sphere in The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere (1962. I then present two lines of argumentation regarding the concept of the public sphere and deliberative democracy in Between Facts and Norms (1992: one refers to the principle of justification based on public reason as an intersubjective and political reconstruction of the Kantian concept of autonomy; the other

Teplo, jeshtsho tepleje, gorjatsho!

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2006-01-01

28. aprillist kuni 4. maini toimub II Vene Filmide Kevadfestival : Aleksandr Atanesjani "Lurjused" ("Svolotshi"), Deniss Neimandi "Vanaraud", ekstsentriline komöödia "Rahapäev" ("Den deneg"), fantaasiaseiklus "Aziris-Nuna" Sergei Lukjanenko ja Juri Burkini romaani järgi, režissöör ja stsenarist Oleg Kompassov, Marina Migunova seikluskomöödia "Krahv Montenegro"

Humanismo, sujeto, modernidad. Sobre la crítica de la razón mítica de Franz Hinkelammert

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Estela Fernández Nadal

2010-03-01

Full Text Available El trabajo aborda la concepción de la historia y la crítica de la modernidad desarrolladas por F. Hinkelammert, a las que se ubica en la perspectiva desarrollada por (la primera Escuela de Frankfurt, particularmente por Walter Benjamin. En la elaboración de las categorías fundamentales de la reflexion hinkelammertiana sobre la historia, se destaca un primer hito fundamental, constituido por la Crítica de la razón utópica. En esta obra, el autor presenta la aspiración de alcanzar verdaderas metas imposibles, pensadas en términos de instituciones perfectas, a partir de acercamientos progresivos, como una tendencia propia de la racionalidad moderna que debe ser sometida a critica. La Crítica de la razón mítica constituye el segundo hito de ese desarrollo critico, en el cual se retoma la relación entre cristianismo y modernidad a partir del concepto de “secularización”, mostrando sus relaciones de continuidad/ ruptura respecto a los resortes miticos que alientan paradójicamente la razón instrumental Abstract The work approaches the conception of history and the critique of modernity developed by F. Hinkelammert’s, which lies in the perspective developed by the (first Frankfurt School, particularly by Walter Benjamin. In the developing of the fundamental categories of the Hinkelammert reflection on history, highlights a fundamental first landmark, constituted by the Critic of the utopian reason. In this work, the author presents the aspiration to achieve real impossible goals, thought in terms of perfect institutions, from progressive approaches, as an own tendency of the modern rationality that must be subjected to criticism. The Critic of the mythical reason constitutes the second landmark of that critical development, in which retakes the relation between Christianity and modernity from the concept of “secularization”, showing its relations of continuity/rupture in respect to the mythical springs that paradoxically

Historicismo, sujeto y moral (Max Weber y el «mito de la transparencia de la razón»

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Valdecantos, Antonio

1990-11-01

Full Text Available Not available

Recurso frecuente de lo que hoy reconstruimos como Ilustración fue desarbolar supersticiones y mitos. Es, sin embargo. lugar común redargüir que quien derriba ídolos no está libre de edificar otros nuevos (ni -tópico éste que cunde por doquier- de convertir su gesto iconoclasta en mito fundacional. No menos acostumbrado es apuntar a Max Weber como al primer desvelador de algún que otro episodio sobresaliente de la historia de la razón ilustrada, ya sea para abundar en su diagnóstico, ya para intentar salir de lo que se tiene por su «círculo hechizado ». En lo que sigue, se trata de rastrear algunas de las claves configuradoras de la crítica weberiana de la cultura procurando retrotraer a su desmantelamiento metodológico del ideal historicista, los términos en que elabora su problematízacíón del sujeto rnoderno. La inversión semántica de las categorías centrales de la epistemología y la Weltanschauung del historicísmo alemán decimonónico permite a Max Weber descubrir patologías del paradigma ilustrado allí donde se suele situar un momento de critica del mismo. Siguiendo los pasos de esta estrategia weberiana, nos es posible reconstruir la noción hípostasiada de racionalidad y de sujeto que Weber parece denunciar como tentación dogmática de la razón ilustrada. El programa weberiano constituye así el desenmascaramiento de un relato complaciente de lo moderno -al que llamo el «mito de la transparencia de la razóns-ey sobre ese supuesto cabe releer sus propuestas éticas más controvertidas, en particular la distinción entre «ética de convicción» y "ética de responsabílidad ».

El Otro: razón de ser del docente especialista

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Aarom Oramas

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Todos los docentes son formados para llevar adelante procesos de planificación, enseñanza y evaluación sobre el conocimiento y cultura de la sociedad donde se desenvuelven, tomando como punto de partida, la realidad biopsicosocial de sus estudiantes. El propósito de este ensayo es mostrar cómo el Otro se convierte en la razón de ser del quehacer pedagógico del docente especialista desde una visión interdisciplinaria, que parte de la filosofía de la educación, la pedagogía y la enseñanza, enmarcado en los documentos sobre política educativa del Estado venezolano en materia de Educación Especial. Se concluye el escrito afirmando que el docente especialista, según lo dispuesto en la política educativa venezolana sobre Educación Especial, debe estar atento a las características individuales de sus educandos y que su accionar docente esté marcado por el reconocimiento del Otro, respetando su humanidad, escuchando sus necesidades, caminando a su lado, transformando así su realidad social donde la inclusión sea la característica esencial.

Las claves de la razón poética de María Zambrano

OpenAIRE

Marín Cuenca, Manuel

2016-01-01

La filosofía de María Zambrano busca la sintonía en un lenguaje que se dirige más hacia el interior de las cosas y la intimidad del propio hombre más que a la superficialidad y a la apariencia de lo real, es lo que ella define como razón poética. Teniendo en cuenta que el lenguaje siempre distorsiona la realidad debemos buscar la claridad, volver a la inocencia de las cosas. Para ella la realidad esta en una mezcla de lo racional, lo emocional y lo afectivo, le da mucho valor a la intuición,...

Kozak Yöresi Fıstıkçamı (Pinus pinea L. ormanlarında fıstık verimi ile artım ve bazı meteorolojik olaylar arasındaki ilişkiler

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Dr. Mustafa BATUR

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışmada, Kozak yöresindeki fıstıkçamı ormanlarında fıstık veriminin çap artımı ve meteorolojik olaylarla ilişkileri araştırılmıştır.İlişkilerin ortaya konması için 2006-2011 yılları arasındaki yıllık çap artım verileri, meteorolojik veriler ve örnek ağaçlara ait fıstık verimleri kullanılmıştır.Yapılan değerlendirmede; çap artımı ile fıstık verimi arasında önemli bir bulunamamıştır. Ancak, bazı meteorolojik olaylar ile fıstık verimi arasında ilişkilerin olduğu saptanmıştır. Özellikle, kabuklu fıstık verimi ile bir önceki yılın vejetasyon dönemindeki toplam yağış miktarı arasında R2=0,81, iki yıl önceki vejetasyon dönemindeki toplam yağış miktarı arasında R2=0,79 seviyesinde ilişki saptanmıştır. Fıstık veriminin kozalakların olgunlaştığı yıldaki meteorolojik olaylardan daha çok tozlaşma ve kozalakların büyüme dönemlerindeki meteorolojik verilerle ilişkili olduğu tahmin edilmektedir.

Öğretmen, yönetici ve anne-babaların kaynaştırma uygulamalarına ilişkin görüşlerinin belirlenmesi

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Tevhide Kargın

2003-07-01

Full Text Available Bu araştırma ülkemizde 1986 yılından beri uygulanmakta olan kaynaştırma uygulamalarına ilişkin mevcut durumu saptamak amacıyla 2566 kişiden veri toplanarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu kişilerin 907’si sınıf öğretmeni, 519’u okul yöneticisi ve 1140’ı ise engelli çocukları normal sınıflara devam eden anne babalardır. Veriler, katılımcıların demografik özellikleri, kaynaştırma uygulamaları, problemler ve ileride yapılması gerekenlerle ilgili sorulardan oluşan “Kaynaştırma Uygulamalarına ilişkin Durum Saptama Anketi” aracılığı ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizi sonucunda, Türkiye’de kaynaştırmaya ilişkin birçok problem olduğu; öğretmenler, anne-babalar ve okul yöneticilerinin kaynaştırma uygulamalarına ilişkin bilgi ve becerileri ile okulların sınıf büyüklüğü, öğretim materyalleri ve destek servislerinin sınırlı olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca, sınıf öğretmenlerinin engelli çocuklara öğretim yapmak ve sınıfta bu çocukları desteklemek konusunda yeterli eğitim almadıkları bildirilmiştir. The research reported in this article investigated the current situation of the mainstreaming programs implemenred since 1986 in Turkey. Participants of the study were 907 elementary school teahers, 519 school administrators and 1140 parents of children with disabilities placed in regular schools. Data was collected by using “Mainstreaming Programs Situation Survey” consisted of questions related to the demographic characteristics of the respondents, ongoing mainstreaming applications, and problems. The frequency analysis of the responses of the subjects revealed that many problems existed in Turkey in terms of the information and the skills of the teachers, the parents and the administrators about the mainstreaming programs, physical conditions of the schools such as class size, amount of instructional materials, lack of support services. Morover all the

Razón, tiempo y la noción de eternidad en economía

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Alberto Carrasquilla

1989-07-01

Full Text Available Frente a las aspiraciones y desconsuelos de la escuela neoclásica de economía: la búsqueda de “un territorio analítico en el cual pueda coexistir armónicamente las nociones teóricas de tiempo y razón”, aparece el valioso aporte de Keynes consistente en vincular al análisis económico “los más recientes cuestionamientos al concepto de tiempo, en general, y a su subordinación con respecto al concepto de racionalidad”. Por otra parte, a la noción teórica de eternidad, de los neoclásicos, Keynes propone el principio de incertidumbre, que es apenas un componente para la negación global de aquella.

Üniversite öğrencilerinde ebeveyn kabulü ile psikolojik uyum arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi

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KAVAK, Güler

2013-01-01

Bu çalışmada, alanyazında yer alan anne-baba kabul/reddi vepsikolojik uyum değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkilerin, kuramsal tartışmalar ve varolan araştırmalar ışığında bir yapısal model bağlamında test edilmesiamaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada ayrıca, anne-baba kabul/reddi ile psikolojik uyumdeğişkenlerinin cinsiyet ve anne-baba eğitim durumuna göre değişipdeğişmediği de incelenmiştir. Bunlara ek olarak, katılımcıların annelerinden vebabalarından algıladıkları kabul/reddin psikolojik uyumu yord...

Racionalidade online: provimento de razões em discussões virtuais

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Ricardo Fabrino Mendonça

Full Text Available Resumo Este artigo se propõe a discutir a ideia de racionalidade que está no coração das abordagens deliberacionistas de democracia. Essa discussão embasa a realização de um estudo empírico focado em um banco de dados com 2.375 comentários sobre direitos LGBT em quatro arenas online: Youtube, Facebook, comentários de notícias e Votenaweb. O objetivo é discutir os principais fatores a influenciar no incremento do provimento de razões por postagens nessas arenas. Na análise, testamos cinco hipóteses: (H1 A chance de postagens apresentarem justificativas depende da plataforma em que se encontram essas postagens; (H2 A chance de postagens apresentarem justificativas é maior em debates em que há equilíbrio entre as posições defendidas; (H3 A chance de postagens apresentarem justificativas tende a ser maior quando há mais reciprocidade; (H4 A chance de postagens apresentarem justificativas é menor se o nível de desrespeito é maior; e (H5 A chance de postagens apresentarem justificativas é menor em mensagens enviadas por anônimos. Os resultados indicam que, entre as variáveis testadas, a "plataforma" e a "presença de respeito" são as mais importantes para induzir o provimento de justificativas.

Considerações acerca da noção de razão pública no debate Rawls-Habermas

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Raquel Kritsch

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Uma das diferenças principais entre o liberalismo político e a teoria da ação comunicativa repousa na fundamentação oferecida por seus formuladores da neutralidade de procedimento para alcançar princípios que devam reger as práticas e instituições políticas diante da pluralidade das doutrinas abrangentes em sociedades marcadas por uma grande heterogeneidade social e cultural. Tal distinção na fundamentação aparece com clareza na noção de razão pública, tema central do famoso debate no qual Rawls lança mão da idéia de overllaping consensus para explicitar uma concepção política da justiça que possa ser aceita pelas diversas doutrinas abrangentes de uma sociedade democrática bem-ordenada. Já o procedimento ideal de Habermas é o da deliberação, que pressupõe uma associação que se julga capaz de regular de um modo imparcial as condições de convivência numa sociedade, fazendo uso, para isso, de uma racionalidade procedimental para a justificação moral. Trata-se assim, aqui, de elucidar e debater duas fundamentações distintas (neutralidade de objetivo e princípio racionalmente justificável da noção de razão pública.

Efeito do treino isocinético excêntrico sobre a razão I/Q do torque e EMGs em sujeitos saudáveis

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Heleodório Honorato Santos

2014-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos do treino isocinético excêntrico dos extensores do joelho sobre a razão Isquiotibiais/Quadríceps (I/Q do torque e do eletromiograma de superfície (EMGs, em sujeitos saudáveis. MÉTODOS: Vinte homens ativos e saudáveis com idade média 22,5±2,1 anos; massa corporal 67,8±9,5 kg; estatura 1,72±0,10 m; e índice de massa corporal (IMC de 22,5±2,0 kg/m2 foram avaliados quanto ao torque (isométrico e excêntrico a 30 e 120o/s e EMGs dos extensores e flexores do joelho, antes e após 6 semanas de treino isocinético excêntrico (30o/s dos extensores do joelho. RESULTADOS: O torque extensor do joelho aumentou em todos os modos e velocidades avaliados (P0,05. As correlações torque/EMGs mostraram-se fracas (r0,05 para todos os modos de contração, no pré- e pós-treino, porém, houve diferença (P>0,01 na comparação entre o modo excêntrico (30º e 120º/s e isométrico, pré e pós-treino. CONCLUSÕES: O treino isocinético excêntrico dos extensores do joelho aumentou a diferença na razão I/Q do torque, porém, não alterou a razão I/Q do EMGs, sugerindo que a adaptação pelo aumento do torque associado ao treino excêntrico não alterou o recrutamento das unidades motoras avaliadas pelo EMGs.

Libertad práctica y trascendental en la Crítica de la razón pura

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Francisco Iracheta Fernández

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Se problematiza la conexión entre la libertad práctica y trascendental en la Crítica de la razón pura. La intención es explicitar las dificultades que enfrenta Kant al relacionar estos sentidos de libertad dentro del marco de la filosofía crítica. Por lo general, los intérpretes entienden la relación entre estos dos sentidos de libertad como ontológica o como conceptual. Se quiere mostrar que ninguna de estas interpretaciones alcanza a superar los presuntos dogmatismos racionalista y empirista que, en conformidad con Kant, sustentan las posturas del proponente de la Tesis y de la Antítesis, respectivamente.

Mikrobiološka kvaliteta i biokemijske promjene u svježem, mekanom kiselom siru Xinotyri, pripravljenom od svježeg ili pasteriziranog kozjeg mlijeka

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Pappa, Eleni C.; Bontinis, Thomas G.; Tasioula-Margari, Maria; Samelis, John

2017-01-01

U radu su ispitani sljedeći parametri: mikrobiološka kakvoća, promjene u glavnim fizikalno-kemijskim značajkama i tijeku proteolize i lipolize te udjelu hlapljivih sastojaka u mekanom siru Xinotyri, tradicionalnom grčkom kiselom siru (pH vrijednosti od približno 4,4; udjela vlage od 65 % i udjela soli od 1 %), pripravljenom od svježeg ili pasteriziranog kozjeg mlijeka bez dodatka starter-kultura, i to tijekom 60 dana aerobnog skladištenja pri 4 °C. Nisu pronađene statistički bitne razlike u u...

Siber Kimliklerin Kişiliğe Yansıması: Proteus Etki (Tanımı, Nedenleri Ve Önlenmesi)

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TANHAN, Fuat; ALAV, Özlem

2015-01-01

Hayatın vazgeçilmez bir parçası haline gelmiş olan teknoloji ve internet bireyi ve toplumu farklı yönlerden etkisi altına alabilmektedir. Teknoloji ve internet sanal çevre diye bilinen yeni bir sosyal dünyanın oluşmasına neden olmuştur. Sanal dünya, sınırları neredeyse çizilemeyen bir çevre sunmakta ve bu çevre içinde bulunan bireyleri, kurumları etkilemekte ve dönüştürmektedir.  Söz konusu etki, kimi yönlerden olumlu, kimi yönlerden ise olumsuzlaşmaktadır. Sanal dünyadaki ilişkiler, kimlikle...

Kadın öğretmenlerin kariyer engelleri ile iş doyum düzeyleri arasındaki ilişki / Effect of career barriers facing women teachers on their level of job satisfaction

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Yusuf İNANDI

2012-12-01

Full Text Available ÖZETBu çalışmada, kadın öğretmenlerin kariyer engellerinin, onların iş doyum düzeyleriyle ilişkisini ve yordama düzeyini belirlemek amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Türkiye’deki 21 ilin kent merkezlerindeki ilköğretim okullarında görev yapan 1.070 kadın öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Betimsel nitelikte olan araştırmada, veriler ‘Kadınların Kariyer Engelleri Ölçeği’ (KKEÖ ve ‘İş Doyum Ölçeği’ (İDÖ ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, kadınların kariyer engelleri ile iş doyum düzeyleri arasında güçlü bir ilişki ortaya koymamaktadır. Yine araştırma sonuçlarına göre kadınların kariyer engelleri, iş doyumunun alt boyutları üzerinde sınırlı etkiye sahiptir. Kadın öğretmenlerin kariyer engelleri, iş doyumunun, sırasıyla, ‘iletişim’, ‘sosyal haklar’, ‘işin yapılma şekli’, ‘çalışma koşulları’, ‘maaş’, ‘işin yapısı’, ‘ilk amirle ilişkiler’, ‘yönetim’ ve ‘çalışma arkadaşları’ alt boyutlarını etkilemektedir. Kadın öğretmenlerin iş doyumları, en fazla, ‘toplumdaki cinsiyete ilişkin kalıp yargıları, ailevi durumlar ve kadınların kendi bakış açıları’ kaynaklı engellerden etkilenmektedir. Kadın öğretmenlerin kariyer engellerinin, onların iş doyumlarını düşük düzeyde yordaması, kadınların ve erkeklerin, kadınların yönetim süreçlerinde az olma durumlarını içselleştirmelerinden kaynaklanmış olabilir.

Temel eğitimden ortaöğretime geçiş sınavlarına ilişkin 9. sınıf öğrencilerinin görüşleri

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Akman, Ozan

2017-01-01

Araştırmanın amacı, temel eğitimden ortaöğretime geçişte yapılmakta olan Temel Eğitimden Ortaöğretime Geçiş (TEOG) Sınavlarına ilişkin dokuzuncu sınıf öğrencilerinin görüşlerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmada betimsel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama modeli çerçevesinde nicel yöntem kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini 2015-2016 eğitim öğretim yılında Zonguldak ili Ereğli ilçesinde devlet okullarında öğrenim gören 2715 dokuzuncu sınıf öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini 1022 öğr...

Acoso sexual y acoso por razón de sexo : riesgos de especial incidencia en la mujer trabajadora

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Vallejo Dacosta, Ruth

2010-01-01

El Proyecto de Ley de Garantía de Igualdad entre Hombres y Mujeres que en próximas fechas se convertirá en la norma marco que impulse el principio de trasversalidad en todos los órdenes de la vida social, cultural, económica y política, contiene una regulación específica sobre el acoso sexual y el acoso por razón de sexo. En el presente artículo se analiza la futura regulación poniéndose de manifiesto las lagunas jurídicas y más de un problema interpretativo que requiere la intervención del o...

Women entrepreneurs: reasons and difficulties for starting in business / Mulheres empreendedoras: razões e dificuldades para criação de empresas

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Hilka Pelizza Vier Machado

2016-06-01

/conclusions: Results show that women entrepreneurs are not a homogenous group and that there is a need for public policies that would minimize difficulties in the setting up of companies to increase women´s participation as entrepreneurs. Objetivo: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi descrever as principais razões e as principais dificuldades para empreendedoras criarem seus negócios, bem como identificar possíveis diferenças entre as que empreenderam na indústria e as que o fizeram no comércio ou serviços. Originalidade/lacuna/relevância/implicações: A criação de empresas é importante para o Empreendedorismo e para compreendê-la é importante conhecer razões e dificuldades que empreendedores encontram para criarem suas empresas. Principais Aspectos Metodológicos: Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo com 102 empreendedoras da indústria e 96 no comércio/serviços. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário estruturado e duas escalas do tipo Likert, as quais mensuraram razões e dificuldades para criação das empresas. Uma análise de cluster foi realizada para identificar possíveis grupos de atributos relacionados a razões e dificuldades para criar as empresas. O teste de Mann-Whitney foi empregado para comparar razões e dificuldades para criação de empresas nos dois grupos (indústria e comércio/serviços, a fim de identificar diferenças estatísticas significativas. Síntese dos Principais Resultados: Quanto aos resultados, o teste Mann-Whitney apontou que os dois grupos atribuíram o mesmo nível de importância às razões para criação do negócio: para ajudar financeiramente os filhos; dificuldade de crescimento no trabalho anterior; para se inserir novamente no mercado de trabalho; porque queria ganhar muito dinheiro. O mesmo teste indicou não haver diferença significativa quanto ao nível de importância atribuído a oito dificuldades para a criação do negócio: não acreditava no seu potencial; nunca tinha tido contato com outras empresas

Türkiye'nin 7 akarsu havzasında horozbina, Salaria fluviatilis (Asso,1801, balığına ait boy-ağırlık ilişkisi.

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Ali İlhan

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışmada Türkiye‟nin 7 akarsu havzasından toplanmış olan Horozbina Balığı (Salaria fluviatilis‟na ait boy-ağırlık ilişkisinin ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Marmara, Küçük Menderes, Batı Karadeniz, Antalya, Doğu Akdeniz, Seyhan ve Ceyhan havzalarına ait akarsulardan toplanmış olan 652 birey incelenmiştir. Tüm bireyler dikkate alındığında türün Türkiye içsularındaki total boy dağılımı 2.0-12.9 cm, total ağırlık dağılımı 0.10-33.82 g, boy-ağırlık ilişkisi parametreleri a= 0.0135, b= 3.004, r2= 0.986 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca, büyüme tipi havzaların 5‟inde izometrik, 1 havzada pozitif allometrik ve 1 havzada da negatif allometrik olarak belirlenmiştir

Razón pública, razonabilidad y religión. Para la crítica de una tradición liberal

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Manfred Svensson

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Se aborda la idea de razón pública, atendiendo en particular a su concomitante ideal de razonabilidad. Se expone la continuidad de esta noción desde John Locke a John Rawls, destacando su vínculo con la religiosidad doctrinalmente minimalista de la tradición erasmista. Se cuestiona que, dado tal vínculo, esta ida pueda servir de criterio para evaluar la presencia de otras voces religiosas en la vida pública.

Una prueba de razón de verosimilitudes para discriminar entre la distribución Poisson, Binomial y Binomial Negativa.

OpenAIRE

López Martínez, Laura Elizabeth

2010-01-01

En este trabajo se realiza inferencia estadística en la distribución Binomial Negativa Generalizada (BNG) y los modelos que anida, los cuales son Binomial, Binomial Negativa y Poisson. Se aborda el problema de estimación de parámetros en la distribución BNG y se propone una prueba de razón de verosimilitud generalizada para discernir si un conjunto de datos se ajusta en particular al modelo Binomial, Binomial Negativa o Poisson. Además, se estudian las potencias y tamaños de la prueba p...

Morphological characteristics of a rare endemic species, Erysimum croceum M. Pop. (Brassicaceae from Trans-Ili Alatau, Kazakhstan

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Karime T. Abidkulova

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Erysimum croceum is a rare endemic species listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan. In 2015–2017 we studied three populations of this species on the territory of the Ile-Alatau National Park (Trans-Ili Alatau, Northern Tian-Shan. As a result of the inventory of sampling plots, we estimated the elevation range occupied by the species and identified age structure and population density. Our results confirmed earlier reports of low population counts of E. croceum. We also studied biometric characteristics of virginal and generative individuals of E. croceum from different populations, and measured parameters of their seeds. The morphometric parameters were highly variable across the studied populations. The only exception was the morphometric parameters of the seeds, which had low or very low variability. We conclude that these parameters are the most stable characteristics of the species. The results of the study can contribute to our understanding of population structure and dynamics of E. croceum and assist in developing effective conservation strategies for this species.

Impossibilidade da renúncia do uso público da razão em Hannah Arendt – “Eichmann em Jerusalém, a banalidade do mal”

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Edimar Inocencio Brígido

2017-10-01

Full Text Available O artigo pretende revisitar a definição de uso público da razão e a impossibilidade da sua renúncia segundo Hannah Arendt com base em elementos que ela identificou na obra: “Eichmann em Jerusalém, um relato sobre a banalidade do mal”. Para tanto, apresenta uma breve evolução do conceito ético-político de razão e seu uso de Sócrates até o Iluminismo e aponta a ligação do pensamento de Arendt ao de Kant, para identificar a ampliação que ela faz da análise do uso da faculdade de julgar desenvolvida por ele. Isso porque a visão oitocentista da faculdade de julgar se mostrou insuficiente para explicar os efeitos históricos que a renúncia ao uso público da razão acarreta para a civilização a partir do fim do século XIX até os dias de hoje. Isso por força da escalada dos genocídios e massacres do período. Para isso, colheu-se dados históricos, literários e de reflexões de autores, cujo pensamento é próximo ao de Arendt e recorreu-se a outras obras da autora, tudo para ilustrar e explicar que a escalada genocida e dos massacres se dá em consonância com o crescimento das sociedades de massa industrial e pós-industrial. A conclusão a que se chega é de que a renúncia à faculdade de julgar derivada do modelo econômico e social atual e leva a uma aporia: uma contraditória ameaça à vida em nome da vida.

Discriminación de cantidad: efecto de la razón numérica sobre velocidad y precisión / Quantity discrimination: effect of number ratio over speed and accuracy

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Jesica Formoso

2016-06-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: La habilidad de estimar y discriminar cantidades es de aparición temprana en el desarrollo y previa a la adquisición de un sistema numérico simbólico. El rendimiento en tareas de discriminación está modulado por la razón numérica que diferencia los conjuntos, de forma tal que razones más pequeñas resultan en comparaciones más lentas y menos efectivas. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar la precisión y velocidad con que niños de 4 y 6 años discriminan entre dos cantidades en función de la razón numérica que las diferencia. Método: se administró una tarea de discriminación no simbólica de cantidades (ad hoc a 60 niños de 4 y 6 años de edad de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Se realizó un ANOVA de diseño mixto para analizar la cantidad de aciertos y los tiempos de reacción (TR en función de la edad y la razón numérica que diferencia los conjuntos. Se utilizó la prueba de contraste de Bonferroni para detectar las diferencias en aciertos y TR entre cada razón. Resultados: (a Los niños de 6 años mostraron TR más pequeños y mayor cantidad de aciertos que los niños de 4 años. Esto sugiere que la discriminación de cantidades atraviesa un proceso de desarrollo evolutivo. (b Cuanto mayor fue la razón numérica en la diferenciación de los conjuntos, más efectiva fue la discriminación. Esto sugiere que la razón modula el rendimiento, independientemente de la edad del sujeto. ABSTRACT: The ability to estimate and discriminate quantities is of early onset in the development and prior to the acquisition of a symbolic numerical system. The performance on tasks of discrimination is modulated by the number ratio that differentiates the sets, so that smaller reasons result in slower and less effective comparisons. The objective of the present study is to analyze the precision and speed by which 4 and 6 year old children discriminate between two quantities based on the number ratio that

Razões para o não-uso de drogas ilícitas entre jovens em situação de risco

OpenAIRE

Sanchez,Zila van der Meer; Oliveira,Lúcio Garcia de; Nappo,Solange Aparecida

2005-01-01

OBJETIVO: Embora existam muitos estudos a respeito dos fatores de risco ao uso de drogas, pouco se sabe sobre as razões que mantêm jovens afastados do seu consumo. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar, entre adolescentes de baixo poder aquisitivo, quais os motivos que os impediriam a experimentação e o conseqüente uso de drogas psicotrópicas, mesmo quando submetidos a constante oferta. MÉTODOS: Adotou-se metodologia qualitativa, com amostra intencional selecionada por critérios. Foram entrevi...

Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Satureja horvatii Šilić (Lamiaceae

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BRANISLAVA LAKUSIC

2008-07-01

Full Text Available The present paper describes the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of the endemic species Satureja horvatii Šilić, collected in Montenegro. The essential oil was obtained from the aerial parts of the plant by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC–MS. From the 34 compounds representing 100 % of the oil, the major compound was the phenolic monoterpene thymol (63.37 %. The oil contained smaller amounts of g-terpinene (7.49 %, carvacrol methyl ether (4.92 %, carvacrol (4.67 %, p-cymene (4.52%, a-terpinene (1.81 %, borneol (1.58 %, a-thujene (1.56 %, b-caryophyllene (1.55 % and b-myrcene (1.44 %. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of S. horvatii was evaluated using the agar diffusion and broth microdilution methods. The essential oil exhibited antimicrobial activity to varying degrees against all the tested strains. The maximum activity of S. horvatii oil was observed against Gram-positive bacteria (Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis and against the yeast (Candida albicans. The oil exhibited moderate activity against the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and weak activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study confirms that the essential oil of S. horvatii possesses antimicrobial activities in vitro against medically important pathogens.

Pós-modernidade como gesto de despedida: a "crítica autorreferencial da razão" no pensamento estético Nietzschiano:

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Nabil Araújo

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Partindo das considerações de Gianni Vattimo e de Jürgen Habermas sobre a instauração nietzschiana da pós-modernidade como uma "despedida" à modernidade ocidental e ao tipo de racionalidade a ela associada, este texto analisa o modo pelo qual uma "crítica autorreferencial da razão" (Habermas é efetivamente engendrada pelo pensamento estético nietzschiano, de modo a reconsiderar os termos pelos quais a própria "despedida" pós-moderna deve ser concebida.

“Manda quem pode, obedece quem tem juízo”: ou sobre a (desobediência e a razão em Hobbes

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Rita Helena Sousa Ferreira Gomes

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Partindo do dito popular “manda quem pode, obedece quem tem juízo” o presente artigo tem como objetivo defender a tese de que o Estado hobbesiano sustenta-se tanto pela força quanto pela razáo. Dentro desta perspectiva, será analisada a noçáo de desobediência e, ao final, mostrar-se-á que o adágio referido só pode ser tido como verdadeiro de acordo com a filosofia política de Thomas Hobbes após feitas certas ressalvas.

PVC Orientado: avaliação de processo de orientação e das propriedades mecânicas em função da razão de estiramento

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Felipe Albuquerque Medeiros

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo avalia o efeito da "orientação molecular" nas propriedades mecânicas do PVC Rígido. Introduz-se o tema associando-o à aplicação do PVC Orientado em sistemas de tubulações, considerando a importância do nível de gelificação na qualidade desses produtos. É descrito e testado um método experimental de orientação mono-axial em um extrudado e materiais com diferentes razões de estiramento são produzidos para avaliação de propriedades mecânicas. Aumentando a razão de estiramento, há ganhos principalmente no limite de resistência à tração, além do módulo elástico sob tração e tenacidade. Por outro lado, a deformação na ruptura é reduzida.

Eolian dust dispersal patterns since the last glacial period in eastern Central Asia: insights from a loess-paleosol sequence in the Ili Basin

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Y. Li

2018-03-01

Full Text Available The extensive loess deposits of the Eurasian mid-latitudes provide important terrestrial archives of Quaternary climatic change. As yet, however, loess records in Central Asia are poorly understood. Here we investigate the grain size and magnetic characteristics of loess from the Nilka (NLK section in the Ili Basin of eastern Central Asia. Weak pedogenesis suggested by frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility (χfd% and magnetic susceptibility (MS peaks in primary loess suggest that MS is more strongly influenced by allogenetic magnetic minerals than pedogenesis, and may therefore be used to indicate wind strength. This is supported by the close correlation between variations in MS and proportions of the sand-sized fraction. To further explore the temporal variability in dust transport patterns, we identified three grain size end-members (EM1, mode size 47.5 µm; EM2, 33.6 µm; EM3, 18.9 µm which represent distinct aerodynamic environments. EM1 and EM2 are inferred to represent grain size fractions transported from proximal sources in short-term, near-surface suspension during dust outbreaks. EM3 appears to represent a continuous background dust fraction under non-dust storm conditions. Of the three end-members, EM1 is most likely the most sensitive recorder of wind strength. We compare our EM1 proportions with mean grain size from the Jingyuan section in the Chinese loess plateau, and assess these in the context of modern and Holocene climate data. Our research suggests that the Siberian High pressure system is the dominant influence on wind dynamics, resulting in loess deposition in the eastern Ili Basin. Six millennial-scale cooling (Heinrich events can be identified in the NLK loess records. Our grain size data support the hypothesis that the Siberian High acts as teleconnection between the climatic systems of the North Atlantic and East Asia in the high northern latitudes, but not for the mid-latitude westerlies.

Eolian dust dispersal patterns since the last glacial period in eastern Central Asia: insights from a loess-paleosol sequence in the Ili Basin

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Yue; Song, Yougui; Fitzsimmons, Kathryn E.; Chang, Hong; Orozbaev, Rustam; Li, Xinxin

2018-03-01

The extensive loess deposits of the Eurasian mid-latitudes provide important terrestrial archives of Quaternary climatic change. As yet, however, loess records in Central Asia are poorly understood. Here we investigate the grain size and magnetic characteristics of loess from the Nilka (NLK) section in the Ili Basin of eastern Central Asia. Weak pedogenesis suggested by frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility (χfd%) and magnetic susceptibility (MS) peaks in primary loess suggest that MS is more strongly influenced by allogenetic magnetic minerals than pedogenesis, and may therefore be used to indicate wind strength. This is supported by the close correlation between variations in MS and proportions of the sand-sized fraction. To further explore the temporal variability in dust transport patterns, we identified three grain size end-members (EM1, mode size 47.5 µm; EM2, 33.6 µm; EM3, 18.9 µm) which represent distinct aerodynamic environments. EM1 and EM2 are inferred to represent grain size fractions transported from proximal sources in short-term, near-surface suspension during dust outbreaks. EM3 appears to represent a continuous background dust fraction under non-dust storm conditions. Of the three end-members, EM1 is most likely the most sensitive recorder of wind strength. We compare our EM1 proportions with mean grain size from the Jingyuan section in the Chinese loess plateau, and assess these in the context of modern and Holocene climate data. Our research suggests that the Siberian High pressure system is the dominant influence on wind dynamics, resulting in loess deposition in the eastern Ili Basin. Six millennial-scale cooling (Heinrich) events can be identified in the NLK loess records. Our grain size data support the hypothesis that the Siberian High acts as teleconnection between the climatic systems of the North Atlantic and East Asia in the high northern latitudes, but not for the mid-latitude westerlies.

Toros sediri (Cedrus libani A. Rich. ağaçlandırmalarının gelişimi ile yetişme ortamı özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler

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Rıza KARATAŞ

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışma, Eskişehir, Afyonkarahisar ve Ankara illerindeki toros sediri (Cedrus libani A. Rich. ağaçlandırmalarının boy gelişimi ile bazı yetişme ortamı özellikleri arasındaki ilişkileri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Örneklemeler bakı, yükselti, eğim, yamaç konumu ve meşcere gelişimi bakımından farklılık gösteren 55 alanda yürütülmüştür. Her örnek alanda meşcere üst boyunda bulunan bir ağaç kesilmiş ve toprak çukuru açılarak belirlenen horizonlardan toprak örnekleri alınmıştır. Laboratuvarda toprak örneklerinin bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Toros sediri ağaçlandırmalarının gelişimi ile iklim özellikleri arasındaki ilişkileri belirlemek amacıyla örnek alanlara en yakın mesafede bulunan meteoroloji istasyonu verileri kullanılmıştır. Örnek alanlardaki ağaçların üst boy değerleri ile edafik, klimatik ve fizyografik faktörler arasındaki ilişkiler korelasyon, aşamalı regresyon ve regresyon ağacı yöntemleri ile değerlendirilmiştir.Örnek alanlardaki ağaçların üst boy değerleri ile fizyografik yetişme ortamı faktörlerinden enlem ve yamaç konumu; iklim özelliklerinden ortalama yüksek sıcaklık, potansiyel evapotranspirasyon, su fazlası, en soğuk ayın ortalama sıcaklığı, en sıcak ayın ortalama sıcaklığı ve dört yaz ayının ortalama sıcaklığı; toprak özelliklerinden toz miktarı arasında istatistiksel bakımdan önemli ilişkiler bulunmuştur.Sedir ağaçlandırmalarının boy büyümesi aşamalı regresyon analizi ve regresyon ağacı tekniği kullanılarak modellenmiştir. Uygulanan bu analizler sonucunda, boy gelişimini en iyi açıklayan kestirim modeli %65,6 ile regresyon ağacı tekniği kullanılarak elde edilmiştir.

Genel Bilişsel Yetenek Ölçümlerinde Süre ve Performans İlişkisinde A Tipi Kişiliğin Rolü(The Role of Type A Personality on the Relationship between Time and Performance in Measurement of General Cognitive Ability

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Murat GÜLER

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Organizasyonların personel seçiminde kullanılan bilişsel yetenek ölçümlerinin, objektif ve yansız olarak yapılması, ihtiyaç duyulan uygun nitelikteki insan kaynağının temin edilmesi için önemli bir husustur. Ancak, bilişsel yetenek testlerinin kişilik özelliklerinden etkilendiğine dair bazı bulgular öne sürülmektedir. Mevcut araştırmada, genel bilişsel yetenek (GBY ölçümlerinde süre ve performans ilişkisinde A Tipi kişiliğin rolü 271 üniversite öğrencisinden elde edilen verilerle incelenmiştir. Veriler, A Tipi Kişilik Ölçeği ve Raven Standart Progresif Matrisler Testi ile toplanmıştır. Genel örneklemde ve A Tiplerinde GBY test performansı ve süresi ile A Tipi kişilik arasında anlamlı bir ilişki gözlenmezken, B Tiplerinde test süresinin ve yaşın GBY test performansının yordayıcısı olduğuna ilişkin bulgulara ulaşılmıştır. Objectively and impartially application of cognitive ability measurements that used in personnel selection of organizations, is a vital issue for providing needed appropriate human resources. But, some findings have been suggested that personality traits influence the measurement of cognitive abilities. In the current study the relationship between general cognitive ability (GCA and Type A personality (TAP was investigated with the data collected from 271 university students. The assessment instruments used were: Type-A Behavior Scale and Raven Standard Progressive Matrices Test. The findings revealed that, while there was no relationship between GCA, testing time and TAP in the general sample and Type A group, testing time and age were predictors of the GCA test performance in the Type B group

Aleitamento materno na primeira hora de vida em um Hospital Amigo da Criança: prevalência, fatores associados e razões para sua não ocorrência

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Mércia Natália Macêdo Belo

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: identificar a prevalência do aleitamento materno na primeira hora de vida, os fatores associados e as razões para sua não ocorrência em um Hospital Amigo da Criança. Métodos: estudo transversal com 562 mães e recém-nascidos. Os dados foram obtidos entre outubro a novembro de 2011 mediante formulários de entrevista e consulta a prontuários. Modelo de Poisson foi ajustado para analisar a prevalência do aleitamento materno na primeira hora de vida em função das variáveis de exposição. Resultados: a prevalência do aleitamento materno na primeira hora de vida foi de 31%. Apenas o parto normal permaneceu no modelo final, apresentando razão de prevalência de 27% a mais em relação ao parto cesáreo (p=0,020. As razões para que 388 crianças não tenham sido amamentadas na primeira hora de vida foram classificadas em: problemas de saúde da criança (328, 84,5%, da mãe (241, 62,1% e atraso no resultado do teste rápido anti-HIV (199, 51,2%, 11 (2,8% não apresentaram nenhuma justificativa. Conclusões: os resultados relatados ainda estão bem abaixo das recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS, o que em grande parte pode ser atribuído às condições próprias de um hospital de nível terciário, cuja demanda é constituída predominantemente por casos de pacientes de médio e elevado risco obstétrico.

Abrupt climatic events recorded by the Ili loess during the last glaciation in Central Asia: Evidence from grain-size and minerals

Science.gov (United States)

Song, Yougui; Zeng, Mengxiu; Chen, Xiuling; Li, Yue; Chang, Hong; An, Zhisheng; Guo, Xiaohua

2018-04-01

The loess record of Central Asia provides an important archive of regional climate and environmental changes. In contrast to the widely investigated loess deposits in the Chinese Loess Plateau, Central Asian loess-paleosol sequences remain poorly understood. Here, we present an aeolian loess section in the southern Ili Basin. Based on granularity and mineralogical analyses, we reconstruct climatic changes during the last glaciation. The results indicated that most of the abrupt climatic events (such as Dansgaard-Oeschger events and Heinrich events) were imprinted in this loess section, although their amplitudes and ages showed some differences. Compared with the millennial oscillations recoded in loess and stalagmites in East Asia, the arid Central Asia responded more sensitively to the warming events than to the cooling events. The shifting trajectory of westerlies across Central Asia played an important role in dust deposition during the stadials. The North Atlantic climatic signals may have been transmitted from Central Asia to the East Asian monsoon regions via the westerlies.

Povijest kemije i kemijskog inženjerstva Pedeseta obljetnica osnutka poslijediplomskog studija korozije i zaštite materijala na Tehnološkom fakultetu Sveučilišta u Zagrebu

OpenAIRE

Esih, I.; Stupnišek-Lisac, E.; Martinez, S.

2011-01-01

Prvi poslijediplomski studij na Kemijsko-tehnološkom odjelu Tehnološkog fakulteta (današnjem Fakultetu kemijskog inženjerstva i tehnologije) Sveučilišta u Zagrebu odnosio se na područje "Korozija i zaštita materijala", a osnovan je ak. god. 1960/61. na poticaj akademika Miroslava Karšulina. Studij je obuhvaćao 3 semestra a završavao je izradom i obranom magistarskog rada. Godine 1980. provedena je reorganizacija kojom su svi poslijediplomski studiji ujedinjeni u poslijediplomski studij "Inžen...

Razões de desmame e de introdução da mamadeira: uma abordagem alternativa para seu estudo Reasons for weaning and the introduction of bottle-feeding: an alternative approach

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Marina Ferreira Rea

1988-06-01

Full Text Available Descrevem-se as razões alegadas pelas mães para o desmame e a introdução de mamadeira em uma amostra de 875 mulheres, de um bairro de São Paulo, que deram a luz em uma maternidade pública local, em 1985. Estas mães fizeram parte de um estudo de intervenção pró-amamentação desenvolvido nos serviços públicos de saúde por elas freqüentados até o 4º mês de vida das crianças. Discutem-se formas diferentes de coleta de dados sobre o processo de desmame e apresentam-se três maneiras distintas de analisar tais dados. Conclui-se que as razões mais alegadas pelas mães para introduzir a mamadeira, quando colhidas em várias entrevistas com elas ("entrevistas múltiplas" são: trabalho fora do lar (20,5%, nervosismo (12,5% e conveniência da mãe (11/0%. Entretanto, quando tais razões são argüidas em apenas um primeiro contacto, assim aparecem: choro do bebê (23,0%, conceitos ou suposições sobre o aleitamento (12,5% e trabalho fora do lar (11,0%. Estas diferenças no perfil de razões conforme o tipo de coleta, não aparecem evidentes no caso de razões para o desmame completo, entretanto, acreditando-se ser o desmame um processo, onde razões de introdução da mamadeira e do desmame devem ser vistas como um todo, as autoras apontam para a vantagem de se utilizar todas as respostas da mãe em diversos momentos ("entrevistas múltiplas" no sentido de melhor contribuir para a elucidação daquele processo. O agrupamento das razões conforme responsabilização pelo desmame mostra que, ao se permitir que a mãe reveja seu discurso em várias entrevistas, ao invés de em uma única, ela passa a responsabilizar mais a si própria (ato de vontade do que o bebê ou o seu próprio corpo. Apontam-se limites do sistema de saúde em interferir no processo de desmame precoce e perspectivas de intervenção de ordem mais ampla.Reasons, alleged by mothers, for early weaning and for the introduction of breast-milk substitutes were studied, in

Algılanan ekonomik güçlük ve eşler arasındaki çatışma ile problem davranışlar arasındaki bağlantıda, ebeveyn-ergen ilişkilerinin aracı rolü

OpenAIRE

KORFAL, Ahu

2016-01-01

Araştırmanın temel amacı, algılanan ekonomik güçlük ve eşler arasındaki çatışma ile ergen problem davranışları arasındaki bağlantıda ebeveyn-ergen ilişkilerinin aracı rolünü incelemektir. Bu amaç çerçevesinde, anılan ilişkiler kız ve erkek ergenlerde Aile Stres Modeli çerçevesinde sınanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Ankara kent merkezinde bulunan ilköğretim 6. ve 7. Sınıflar ile ortaöğretim 9. ve 10. Sınıflara devam eden ergenler oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmamıza, 518 (%48.5...

Sex ratio and dynamic behavior in populations of the exotic blowfly Chrysomya albiceps (Diptera, Calliphoridae Razão sexual e comportamento dinâmico em populações da espécie de mosca varejeira exótica Chrysomya albiceps (Diptera, Calliphoridae

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H. Serra

2007-05-01

Full Text Available Sex ratio is an essential component of life history to be considered in population growth. Chrysomya albiceps is a blowfly species with a naturally biased sex ratio. In this study, we evaluated the impact of changes in sex ratio on the dynamic behavior of C. albiceps using a density-dependent mathematical model that incorporated demographic parameters such as survival and fecundity. These parameters were obtained by exponential regression, with survival and fecundity being estimated experimentally as a function of larval density. Bifurcation diagram of the results indicated the evolution of stable equilibrium points as a function of sex ratio. A continually increasing sex ratio yielded a hierarchy of bifurcating stable equilibrium points that evolved into a chaotic regime. The demographic parameters obtained by exponential regression were also changed to maximum and minimum values in order to analyze their influence on dynamic behavior with sex ratio being considered as an independent variable. Bifurcations with periodicity windows between chaos regimes were also found.A razão sexual é um componente essencial da biologia de organismos a ser considerado em crescimento populacional. Chrysomya albiceps é uma espécie de mosca varejeira que exibe um desvio na razão sexual em relação à proporção 1:1. Neste estudo avaliamos o impacto de alterações na razão sexual sobre o comportamento dinâmico de C. albiceps utilizando um modelo matemático dependente da densidade que incorpora parâmetros demográficos como sobrevivência e fecundidade. Os parâmetros foram obtidos por regressão exponencial, com sobrevivência e fecundidade sendo estimadas experimentalmente em função da densidade larval. O diagrama de bifurcação gerado pelos resultados indicou a evolução de pontos de equilíbrio estável em função da razão sexual. A sucessão contínua dos valores da razão sexual resultou em uma hierarquia de pontos de equilíbrio est

Adult sex ratio effects on male survivorship of Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera, Drosophilidae Efeito da razão sexual de adultos na curva de sobrevivência de machos de Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera, Drosophilidae

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Marcelo Costa

2010-01-01

Full Text Available The behavioral biology has a central role in evolutionary biology mainly because the antagonistic relations that occur in the sexual reproduction. One involves the effect of reproduction on the future life expectation. In this scenario, changes in male operational sex ratio could lead to an increase in mortality due to costs associated with excessive courtship and mating displays. Thus, this work experimentally altered the male sex ratio of Drosophila melanogaster Meigen, 1830, to determine its impact on mortality. The results indicated that mortality increases as the sex ratio changes, including modifications in the survivorship curve type and in the curve concavity, measured by entropy.A biologia comportamental tem um papel central na biologia evolutiva principalmente pelas relações antagônicas que ocorrem na reprodução sexuada. Uma destas relações envolve o efeito da reprodução sobre a expectativa de vida futura. Neste cenário, alterações na razão sexual operacional de machos podem levar a um aumento na mortalidade por causa dos custos associados com o excesso de displays de corte e cópulas. Neste sentido este trabalho alterou experimentalmente a razão sexual em machos de Drosophila melanogaster Meigen, 1830, para determinar os efeitos em termos de mortalidade. Os resultados indicam que a mortalidade aumenta a medida que a razão sexual se enviesa incluindo alterações no tipo de curva de sobrevivência e da concavidade da curva, medida pela entropia.

Bachelard: libido, razón, conocimiento y espíritu científico. Hacia una comprensión alternativa de la noción de obstáculo epistemológico

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Gerardo Andrés Perafán Echeverri

2015-09-01

Full Text Available En el texto se aborda un desarrollo alternativo de las categorías bachelardianas de obstáculo y ruptura epistemológica, a partir del establecimiento de algunas relaciones teóricas posibles entre Platón, Freud, Jung y Bachelard. En general, se plantea que tanto para Bachelard como para Platón el devenir del espíritu científico se explica a partir del inconsciente individual y colectivo, con lo cual la razón aparece como una función de este último. Por otro lado, se señala cómo el desprendimiento, ruptura o mutación va de la proyección de los primeros arquetipos en las “cosas”, a la función de organización o razón polémica, en lo que puede considerarse como un tipo de proyección particular, quizá más elaborada, que Bachelard llamará realización.

Razón y fe, un diálogo entre Kant y Jacobi

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Hugo Ochoa

2003-01-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo expone dialécticamente las concepciones de Jacobi y Kant respecto de la relación entre fe y razón. Con este propósito se analiza especialmente el trabajo de Kant, ¿Qué significa orientarse en el pensamiento?, escrito para mediar en el conflicto entre Mendelssohn y Jacobi a propósito del presunto panteísmo de Lessing, así como otros escritos postcríticos atingentes al tema. Respecto de Jacobi, este trabajo se centra particularmente en la introducción a David Hume y la creencia, o Idealismo y realismo, un diálogo, que el mismo autor considera una introducción al conjunto de escritos filosóficos del autor (65The present work dialectically sets forth Jacobi´s and Kant´s conception of the relation between faith and reason. With this intention Kant´s work is specially analyzed _Was heißt: Sich im Denken orientieren? (1786_, and written in order to mediate the conflict between Mendelssohn and Jacobi apropos of Lessing´s allegedly pantheism, as well as other postcritic writings relevant to the issue. In regard to Jacobi, this work is maily focused in the introduction to "David Hume über den Glauben, oder Idealismus und Realismus", a dialogue, that the author himself considers an introduction to the philosophic writings of the author in its entirety

Resonancias emocionales de la razón en Kant [Emotional resonances of reason in Kant

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Nuria Sánchez Madrid

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Este artículo se propone calibrar, partiendo del estado actual de la cuestión, las funciones que los sentimientos o emociones ejercen en todo el arco del proyecto crítico, afectando a la concepción del conocimiento y de la acción moral. Para ello, comenzaré analizando el sentido, no sólo retórico, del concepto kantiano de Bedürfnis, planteando sucesivamente la dimensión radical que el sentimiento de placer y displacer posee en el ánimo humano, la necesidad de que la virtud sea ejercida con un corazón alegre, siguiendo la enseñanza de Epicuro, y finalmente la conexión de la belleza con la resonancia afectiva que penetra todo el edificio de la reflexión. En la conclusión extraeré algunas consecuencias que un estudio de las Críticas en clave sentimental puede introducir en la concepción usual de la razón en Kant, ampliando los mecanismos de implantación en el mundo de esta facultad, al reconocer la importancia del sentimiento y la inclinación para la construcción de la autonomía humana.

Lise öğrencisi ergenlerde depresyon, internet bağımlılığı ve ilişkili faktörler

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Öner, Kamile

2015-01-01

Bu çalışma, lise öğrencisi ergenlerde depresyon, internet bağımlılığı ve ilişkili faktörleri incelemek amacı ile kesitsel bir araştırma olarak yapılmıştır. Trabzon İl Merkezinde Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğüne bağlı 5 lise de eğitim-öğretim gören 3289 öğrenci üzerinden örneklem büyüklüğü Büyüköztürk ve arkadaşları tarafından önerilen eşitlik ile hesaplanmış olup %95 güven aralığı ile 345 öğrenci olarak bulunmuştur. Araştırmanın desen etkisi 2 kabul edilip 690 öğrenciye ulaşılması hedeflenmiş ancak ö...

Ves god jeshtsho vperedi / Viktoria Jürmann

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Jürmann, Viktoria

2007-01-01

Tallinna linnavalitsuse kavandatud töid 2007. aastaks. Nende hulgas on Harju tänava rekonstrueerimise lõpetamine, linnahalli rekonstrueerimise ideekonkurss, Vabaduse väljaku rekonstrueerimisprojekt, detailplaneeringute kooskõlastamine elektrooniliselt

Prikaz knjige: Budislav Vukas, ml., Hrvatska državnost – pravnopovijesne prosudbe: uz 25. godišnjicu prijama Republike Hrvatske u Ujedinjene narode, Pravni fakultet Sveučilišta u Rijeci, Rijeka, 2017.

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Mirela Krešić

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Godina 2017. u svjetskim je razmjerima bila iznimno dinamična godina. Obilježila su je različita zbivanja koja u našem globalnom selu imaju posvemašnji utjecaj bilo da je riječ o prirodnim katastrofama (uragani, požari, poplave i potresi ili onima na koje je znatno više utjecaja imala ljudska ruka, od terorističkih samoubilačkih napada, nuklearnog mahnitanja sjevernokorejskog vođe Kim Jong Una, neobičnog predsjednikovanja Donalda Trumpa ili, ako pogledamo bliže našem dvorištu, migrantskih valova, pokretanja postupka britanskog izlaska iz Europske unije te pokušaja katalonske vlade da izbori neovisnost od Španjolske. Istodobno tu su godinu u Hrvatskoj obilježile duboke društvene podjele, ideološke svađe te iseljavanje znatnog broja građana. Nezadovoljstvo koje hrvatski građani osjećaju i izražavaju prema stanju u državi, funkcioniranju njezinih institucija i pravcu u kojem zemlja ide daje nam pravo, ali nas i obvezuje, svakog pojedinačno i društvo u cjelini, upitati se što smo učinili u proteklih nemalih dva i pol desetljeća, odnosno jesmo li učinili dovoljno kako bismo opravdali stečenu neovisnost o kojoj su brojne generacije prije nas sanjale. Upravo je protek čak četvrt stoljeća od stjecanja neovisnosti bio poticaj prof. Budislavu Vukasu, mlađem da se u godini obilježavanja 25. godišnjice prijama Republike Hrvatske u Ujedinjene narode (22. svibnja, ali i obljetnice njezina međunarodnog priznanja (15. siječnja, pozabavi pitanjem hrvatske državnosti u prošlosti i njezinu kontinuitetu/diskontinuitetu kroz stoljeća. Rezultat njegova istraživanja je monografija Hrvatska državnost – pravnopovijesne prosudbe u izdanju Pravnog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Rijeci. Na 240 stranica teksta monografija daje autorovo viđenje “fenomena kontinuiteta hrvatske državnosti” (str. 9, pri čemu se na događanja s početka devedesetih godina prošlog stoljeća može gledati kao na svojevrsnu kulminaciju spomenutog

Sem raz skazhi - odin raz ispolnim

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2006-01-01

Venemaa presidendi Vladimir Putini aastapäevakõne sai kõrge hinnangu ning kaasa kahtluse, et läkitust ootab sama saatus, mis eelnevaid - plaane ei viida ellu. Võrdlused 2000. a. - 2004. a. lubatu ja täidetu vahel

Halkla ilişkiler öğrencilerinin sosyal medyadaki siber zorbalık duyarlılıklarını ölçmeye ilişkin bir araştırma (A research related to the calculation of sensitivity for cyber bullying in social media among the students of public relations)

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AKTAN, Ercan; ÇAKMAK, Veysel

2015-01-01

İnternet alt yapısındaki gelişmeye paralel olarak iletişim yöntemlerinde de bazı değişme ve gelişmeler yaşanmıştır. İletişimin sanal ortamlara hızlı biçimde kaydığı da gözlenmektedir. Bu ortamlardan biri de sosyal medyadır. Sosyal medyanın gelişmesi ile siber zorbalık kavramının gelişimi paralellik göstermiştir. Bu çalışma halkla ilişkiler ve tanıtım bölümü ön lisans ve lisans öğrencilerinin siber zorbalık duyarlılıklarını ölçmek amacıyla Aksaray Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokul...

Integrity management and optimization of planning activities from results of the ILI run

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Farinas, Jaime [TRANSIERRA S.A., Santa Cruz (Bolivia)

2009-07-01

Transierra owns and operates the Yacuiba - Rio Grande pipeline (GASYRG), 432 kilometers in length and 32 inches in diameter, which transports natural gas from the fields of San Alberto and San Antonio (southern Bolivia) to the Rio Grande compression station (Santa Cruz), and is part of the gas export system to Brazil. This pipeline system has a sustained capacity to transport 17,6 million of cubic meter per day. Within the Integrity Management Program (IMP) has been developing and implementing activities and techniques that seeking to ensure the technical integrity of the pipeline, from the good practices of the industry, which also get an optimization for the use of resources for inspection, operation and maintenance activities. In response to that goal at the beginning of 2008, it was concluded the baseline of the GASYRG ILI runs, getting a very good stage of both the internal and external condition of the pipeline, found some stables anomalies (manufacturing and construction) which do not affect the safe operation status of the pipeline, in this way, it was appropriate to re-planning the maintenance programs of all facilities and main elements, in order to achieve a balance between safety operation condition of the pipeline and the resources used for these purposes, which means that there is a 'before' and an 'after' regarding to planning and maintenance activities are concerned. All of this re-planning gives us a cost optimization for the main activities in the order of 30%. Additionally there has been a very particular approach to care for and prevent threats related to corrosion, maintaining a stable cathodic protection system, taking into account the presence of interfering elements (crossing with pipelines, power lines, railroads, etc.). Also important steps have been taken regarding to the changing dynamic to the action of third parties, it is part of a specific program for strengthening contingency plans. Concluding the above, the

Kontrol odağı ve örgütsel muhalefet arasındaki ilişki üzerine bir araştırma

OpenAIRE

KAYA, Çiğdem

2017-01-01

Bu çalışmada çalışanların iş çevrelerindeki kontrol algılarının (kontrol odağının), örgütle ilgili anlaşmazlıklarını ve karşıt fikirlerini sözlü olarak ifade etme stratejileri (örgütsel muhalefet) ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, İstanbul’da çeşitli sektörlerde faaliyet gösteren firmalarda çalışan 180 beyaz yakalı çalışandan toplanan veri analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, çalışanların kontrol odaklarının yapıcı açık muhalefet, dışsal muhalefet ve sorgulayıcı açık m...

Las ciencias de la tierra y la biblia. Una aproximación desde la razón científica

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Francisco J. Ayala

2004-01-01

Full Text Available El desarrollo de la Ciencia, Natural e Histórica, ha ido aportando nuevos elementos que permiten una aproximación a los relatos bíblicos desde la perspectiva de la razón científica. En este sentido, se presenta una aproximación científica, básicamente desde las Ciencias de la Tierra y teniendo en cuenta la realidad histórica del pueblo hebreo y la propia Biblia, al relato de la Creación, y los posibles núcleos histórico-científicos de los relatos del Diluvio Universal y la destrucción de Sodoma y Gomorra, de acuerdo con los últimos conocimientos disponibles. Por otra parte, se analizan los condicionamientos que los relatos bíblicos, especialmente la Creación y el Diluvio, impusieron históricamente al surgimiento de las Ciencias Geológicas.

A QUESTÃO DA MORALIDADE: da razão prática de Kant à ética discursiva de Habermas

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Barbara Freitag

1989-12-01

Full Text Available A moralidade, enquanto princípio que orienta a ação, permite várias abordagens, que sugerem um tratamento interdisciplinar. Neste ensaio a autora limita-se a quatro abordagens: a filosófica (Kant, a sociológica (Durkheim, a psicogenética (Kohlberg e a discursiva (Habermas. A grade que orienta esta seleção e delimita os temas abordados é o estruturalismo genético de Piaget, que fornece os elementos para se pensar adequadamente a questão em seu conjunto. O estruturalismo genético se funda na razão, inclui a sociedade na reflexão, reconstrói a gênese do julgamento e considera fundamental o discurso. Por isso, Piaget repousa em Kant, debate-se com Durkheim. prepara o terreno para Kohlberg e antecipa a teorização de Haberrnas.

Das sesmarias à resistência ao cercamento: razões históricas dos Fundos de Pasto

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Luiz Antonio Ferraro Júnior

Full Text Available O artigo recupera as razões históricas para o surgimento da categoria dos fundos de pasto. Nele, são utilizados dados secundários recolhidos de relatórios governamentais e obtidos em entrevistas com técnicos, agentes pastorais e comunidades pastoris. Os fundos de pasto eram apenas áreas não-cercadas de Caatinga, utilizadas para pastoreio comunal. Esse padrão de ocupação, que se desenvolveu em todo o semiárido nordestino, foi progressivamente usurpado em um processo similar aos enclosures ingleses. Na Bahia, com os avanços do capital sobre essas áreas, a partir da década de 1970, houve articulações regionais e apoios institucionais que estimularam resistências diversas. Assim, "Fundo de Pasto" passou a designar não só as áreas, mas os grupos sociais que as defendiam por delas depender. O termo Fundo de Pasto, antes regional, generalizou-se por todo o estado, principalmente após sua citação na constituição baiana. Os vínculos familiares dessas comunidades também concorreram para a resistência dessa forma de ocupação.

Razão peso/comprimento: um bom indicador do estado nutricional em recém-nascidos a termo? Weight/length ratio: is it a good index to assess the nutritional status of full-term newborns?

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Taciana D. de A. Braga

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: uma avaliação acurada do estado nutricional da criança ao nascer tem importância na identificação precoce de eventos mórbidos relacionados com a aceleração ou desaceleração do crescimento intra-útero. Os índices antropométricos resultantes das razões entre o peso e o comprimento e aqueles que resultam da razão entre o perímetro braquial e o perímetro cefálico podem ser uma alternativa, dentro da antropometria, para esse fim. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi verificar o grau de correlação entre a prega cutânea triciptal e os índices antropométricos - índice ponderal de Rohrer, índice de massa corpórea, razão peso/comprimento, razão perímetro braquial/perímetro cefálico - utilizados como critério de avaliação do estado nutricional de recém-nascidos. Métodos: realizou-se um estudo de corte transversal em 390 recém-nascidos a termo na maternidade do Centro de Atenção à Saúde da Mulher do Instituto Materno-Infantil de Pernambuco, no período de maio a julho de 1999. Os recém-nascidos foram avaliados quanto ao peso, comprimento, perímetros cefálico e braquial e prega cutânea triciptal. Resultados: os resultados mostraram que os índices antropométricos apresentaram correlação significante com a prega cutânea triciptal, tendo sido a razão simples entre o peso e o comprimento aquele que se correlacionou mais fortemente (r = 0,63; p Objective: An accurate assessment of the nutritional status of an infant at birth is very important, since it provides information on early identification of pathological events related to intrauterine growth acceleration or retardation. Anthropometric ratios such as weight/length and mid-arm circumference/head circumference may be used as alternative tools for this purpose. The main objective of this study was to verify the correlation between triceps skinfold thickness with Rohrer Index, Body Mass Index, weight/length ratio, and mid-arm circumference

Los sueños de la razón: la crisis de sentido y el suicidio egoísta

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Alejandro BIALAKOWSKY

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Este artículo se propone indagar las consecuencias teóricas y analíticas que posee el estudio del suicidio egoísta en la perspectiva de Durkheim. Para ello, en primer lugar, se reconstruye en su obra El Suicidio la distinción entre egoísmo y anomia, destacando tanto la importancia del egoísmo, muchas veces relegado por la literatura secundaria, como la relación de éste con las crisis de sentido. Con ese objetivo, se señala la diferencia entre las esferas sociales activas y pasivas como elemento central para comprender ese par conceptual. En segundo lugar, se rastrea en las postulaciones del autor la génesis social de la pregunta por el sentido, lo cual conlleva a un estudio del desarrollo histórico de las religiones y de las manifestaciones individuales del egoísmo (melancolía, languidez, solipsismo. En tercer lugar, se observa cómo el despliegue histórico de la razón señala la emergencia del idealismo simbólico, el cual supone una falta de integración social enmarcado en una serie de procesos: la desarticulación entre pensamiento y acción y entre creencias sofisticadas y prácticas; la pérdida de un objeto durable (representacional y “mundano” y de una representación totalizante; y la carencia de objetivos comunes de la sociedad. En última instancia, se analiza cómo la sociología, en tanto ciencia de lo social, puede intervenir en las patologías vinculadas a los “sueños de la razón” de las corrientes egoístas (pasivos y solipsistas; activos y destructores. Así, se vislumbran las diferentes búsquedas del autor por encontrar en la modernidad nuevos modos de articular representaciones de la totalidad de la sociedad con prácticas diarias, los cuales puedan dar sentido a los individuos racionalizados. Allí, el lugar del Estado, los rituales colectivos y los ideales de la humanidad y el patriotismo pueden ser releídos desde los interrogantes y propuestas teóricas que están en juego en el an

El pensamiento político de la Contrarreforma y la razón de estado

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Ivo Comparato, Vittor

2016-06-01

��del antimaquiavelismo a la literatura encomiástica de los gobiernos existentes, del tacitismo a la razón de Estado, hasta las escrituras críticas de la sociedad como la utopía- perfilan por un lado el esfuerzo de conservar una imagen de la política como gobierno justo, con un príncipe virtuoso, pero por el otro el inevitable compromiso con las praxis del realismo político, bien representado por la evolución del concepto de razón de Estado en Botero y en otros escritores del siglo XVII. Fue sólo con la llegada del derecho natural moderno, que puso en primer plano la cuestión del origen y los fines de la sociedad civil, que el pensamiento político se sustrajo en parte de la discusión sobre el eterno conflicto entre moral y praxis política para abrir la era de la investigación racional y científica y de los derechos individuales.

Između progona i prešutne marginalizacije, ili iz povijesti stradanja Roma u nekim srednjoeuropskim državama za vrijeme Drugog svjetskog rata (Mađarska, Hrvatska, Čehoslovačka, Poljska)

OpenAIRE

Vojak, Danijel

2016-01-01

Većina europskih zemalja prije samog početka Drugoga svjetskog rata nije započela s nasilnijim pokušajima asimilacije, kakav je već bio u tijeku u nacističkoj Njemačkoj. Izbijanjem Drugoga svjetskog rata i širenjem nacističkog utjecaja na mnoge europske zemlje, bilo izravno kao okupirane, ili posredno kao države – saveznice, započeli su se provoditi neki dijelovi nacističkog anticiganističkog modela odnosa prema Romima. Analizom u ovom radu biti će obuhvaćen odnos srednjoeuropskih vlasti, pop...

[Environmental geochemical baseline of heavy metals in soils of the Ili river basin and pollution evaluation].

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Xin-Ru; Nasier, Telajin; Cheng, Yong-Yi; Zhan, Jiang-Yu; Yang, Jian-Hong

2014-06-01

Environmental geochemical baseline models of Cu, Zn, Pb, As, Hg were established by standardized method in the ehernozem, chestnut soil, sierozem and saline soil from the Ili river valley region. The theoretical baseline values were calculated. Baseline factor pollution index evaluation method, environmental background value evaluation method and heavy metal cleanliness evaluation method were used to compare soil pollution degrees. The baseline factor pollution index evaluation showed that As pollution was the most prominent among the four typical types of soils within the river basin, with 7.14%, 9.76%, 7.50% of sampling points in chernozem, chestnut soil and sierozem reached the heavy pollution, respectively. 7.32% of sampling points of chestnut soil reached the permitted heavy metal Pb pollution index in the chestnut soil. The variation extent of As and Pb was the largest, indicating large human disturbance. Environmental background value evaluation showed that As was the main pollution element, followed by Cu, Zn and Pb. Heavy metal cleanliness evaluation showed that Cu, Zn and Pb were better than cleanliness level 2 and Hg was the of cleanliness level 1 in all four types of soils. As showed moderate pollution in sierozem, and it was of cleanliness level 2 or better in chernozem, chestnut soil and saline-alkali soil. Comparing the three evaluation systems, the baseline factor pollution index evaluation more comprehensively reflected the geochemical migration characteristics of elements and the soil formation processes, and the pollution assessment could be specific to the sampling points. The environmental background value evaluation neglected the natural migration of heavy metals and the deposition process in the soil since it was established on the regional background values. The main purpose of the heavy metal cleanliness evaluation was to evaluate the safety degree of soil environment.

¿Podemos esperar el auxilio divino? La autonomia moral y el recurso a la gracia en La religion dentro de los límites de la mera razón

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Miguel González Vallejos

2015-06-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo, el autor analiza el concepto de gracia desarrollado por Kant en La Religión dentro de los límites de la mera razón y lo confronta con el principio de autonomía. La tesis central sostiene que Kant desarrolla un concepto de gracia restringido compatible tanto con las tesis centrales de la segunda crítica como con el cristianismo entendido como religión moral.

Produção de cultivares de tomateiro em hidroponia e fertirrigação sob razões de nitrogênio e potássio Production of tomato cultivars in hydroponics and fertigation with different ratios between nitrogen and potassium

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Gláucio C Genuncio

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Os cultivos protegidos de tomate apresentam elevada demanda por potássio para altas produções e qualidade de frutos, não tendo sido estudada suficientemente a relação de aplicação entre nitrogênio e potássio que proporcione tais resultados. Avaliou-se a produção e qualidade de frutos de quatro cultivares de tomateiro em sistemas de cultivo hidropônico e fertirrigado sob duas razões entre N e K fornecidas às plantas. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos simultaneamente em casa de vegetação, em esquema fatorial 4x2 com quatro repetições, combinando quatro genótipos (cvs. Cereja 261, San Marzano, Santa Clara e o híbrido Cereja Chipano com duas razões N:K (1:1,5 e 1:2 no hidropônico, e 1:2 e 1:3 no fertirrigado. A produção média de frutos comerciais foi de 2,5 e 1,8 kg/planta no sistema hidropônico e fertirrigado, respectivamente, atingindo 3,3 kg/planta na cv. Santa Clara em hidroponia. Em hidroponia, as razões N:K não afetaram a produção de frutos comerciais e o teor de sólidos solúveis, apesar de um aumento de 6,5% na produção na razão N:K 1:2. A razão N:K 1:2 em hidroponia aumentou a massa e o diâmetro médio dos frutos comerciais, reduzindo a concentração de K nos frutos. No sistema fertirrigado, a razão N:K 1:3 estimulou o crescimento vegetativo do tomateiro, mas não afetou a produção e a qualidade dos frutos. As cultivares San Marzano e Santa Clara tiveram maior produção de frutos nos dois sistemas. A produção de frutos e o teor de sólidos solúveis das cvs. San Marzano e Santa Clara foram maiores no sistema hidropônico em comparação ao fertirrigado. O sistema hidropônico propiciou maior produção de frutos que o sistema fertirrigado para as cultivares San Marzano e Santa Clara e, em hidroponia a razão N:K 1:2 forneceu frutos de maior qualidade comercial.Protected tomato cultivation presents a high potassium demand for obtaining high fruit yield and quality, but the ratio between nitrogen

Sağlık yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin evlilik dışı cinsel ilişki, istemli düşükler ve kontraseptif kullanımı konusundaki görüşleri

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Burcu Tokuç

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı; sağlık yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin evlilik öncesi cinsel ilişki, istemli düşükler ve kontraseptif yöntem kullanımı konusunda görüşlerini belirlemek ve toplumsal değer yargılarını mesleki yaşantılarına yansıtmamaları konusunda farkındalık yaratmaktır. Yöntem: Kesitsel olarak planlanan araştırmaya, Mayıs-2008’de Trakya ve Namık Kemal Üniversitesi sağlık yüksek okullarında öğrenim gören toplam 338 ebelik ve hemşirelik öğrencisinin katılmıştır. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan 25 maddelik bir soru formu ile toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılanların yaş ortalaması 20.9±1.6’dır ve %97’si kadındır. Öğrencilerin %66.9’u “evlenmeden önce cinsel ilişkiye girmek yanlıştır”; %63.6’sı “evlilik dışı ilişkiler bizim ahlaki ve kültürel değerlerimizi tahrip ediyor”; %52.1’i “istemli düşük ahlaksal olarak yanlıştır”; yalnızca %2.1’i ise “kontraseptif yöntemler ile ilgili bilgi yalnızca evli çiftlere verilmelidir” önermesine katıldıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Sonuç: Geleceğin sağlık çalışanları evlilik dışı cinsel ilişki, istemli düşükler ve kontraseptif kullanımı ile ilgili konularda toplumsal değer yargıları ve mesleki yaklaşımları arasında ikilem yaşamaktadırlar. Evlilik dışı cinsel ilişki ve istemli düşükler ahlaksal olarak yanlış bulunurken; planlanmamış bir gebelik durumunda istemli düşüğün kabul edilebileceğini ve evli olmayan genç kadınların istemli düşük hizmetlerinin, kürtajın fiziksel ve psikolojik sonuçlarını da kapsayacak şekilde verilmesi bu ikilemi açıkça göstermektedir. Sağlık alanında toplumsal değer yargılarının mesleki bağımsızlığı ve tıbbi etik yaklaşımları etkilemesi olasılığını en aza indirmek amacıyla müfredat gözden geçirilmelidir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Üreme sağlığı hizmetleri

Reasons not to select patients for corneal refractive surgery Razões para recusar candidatos à cirurgia refrativa corneana

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André Luiz Parolin Ribeiro

2002-08-01

Full Text Available Purpose: To present how the section of Refractive Surgery of the Federal University of São Paulo assesses the candidates and the reasons to indicate for corneal refractive surgery. Methods: We examined 1626 patients. Anamnesis, complete ophthalmologic examination and corneal topography were performed in all patients. The patients spontaneously seeked evaluation at the Refractive Surgery Section by telephone without a previous screening. Reasons to refuse patients for refractive surgery were previously established by the Refractive Surgery Section. Results: Based on current technology and clinical experience, 265 patients (16.29% were refused for excimer laser corneal refractive surgery. Myopia of patients who had insufficient preoperative corneal pachymetry for the laser treatment was the main cause for refusal (51 patients. Cataract (45 patients, keratoconus (31 patients, amblyopia (21 patients, hyperopia > 5 diopters and mixed astigmatism (19 patients, presbyopia (unaware ness of the need for optical correction after the procedure; 16 patients, pupillary diameter > 5mm (9 patients, single eye (9 patients, progressive myopia (8 patients, postradial keratotomy (7 patients and low ametropia (7 patients were among the reasons for the refusal. Conclusion: Candidates for excimer laser corneal refractive surgery may present risk factors that should be known in order to avoid complications.Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é mostrar como o setor de Cirurgia Refrativa da Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo avalia seus candidatos e quais as razões para não selecioná-los para cirurgia refrativa. Métodos: Foram examinados 1626 pacientes. Anamnese, avaliação oftalmológica completa e topografia corneana foram realizadas em todos os pacientes. Os pacientes procuraram avaliação no setor de Cirurgia Refrativa espontaneamente sem triagem prévia. Resultados: Não foram selecionados 265 pacientes (16,29% para cirurgia

Jeshtsho odin shag - i v dessjatku! / Boris Tuch

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Tuch, Boris, 1946-

2008-01-01

Tallinna Linnateatris esitleti näitekirjaniku teist näidendiraamatut. "Näidendid II" koondab neli lavateksti : "Kaev", "Meeletu", "Latern" ja "Kaotajad". Sel puhul käis Jaan Tätte päevaks Vilsandilt ära Tallinnas. Lühidalt ka varasemate näidendite populaarsusest eri teatrite lavadel

"Ironiju sudbõ-2" Rjazanov jeshtsho ne videl

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2007-01-01

Eldar Rjazanovi igihaljale komöödiafilmile on Timur Bekmambetovi käe all loodud järg "Ironija sudbõ-2" (stsenarist Aleksei Slapovski), mille ümber juba enne esilinastust on loodud salapära hkkond ja ette võetud protestiaktsioone

Sobre la razón histórica moderna y su posteridad. Esbozo de una investigación histórico-conceptual

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Carles Llinàs i Puentes

2016-10-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo pretende esbozar algunos de los momentos más importantes del despliegue de la razón histórica moderna. Los complejos hilos que los conectan entre sí y con las aceleradamente cambiantes circunstancias de los últimos siglos constituyen la dificultad y, quizás, el interés del artículo. Sin querer proponer interpretaciones que agoten el sentido de las ideas y de los acontecimientos, la sucesión de Estado absoluto, crítica filosófico-histórica ilustrada liberal y, después, socialista, y, finalmente, crítica postilustrada (postmoderna genealógico-mitológica, sugiere muy probablemente la existencia de relaciones «ideales» y «materiales» con frecuencia no atendidas y abre tal vez nuevos caminos para tratar de ver en qué dirección se mueven las cosas.

Razón de Estado y razones del Estado, (Decimas Conferencias Aranguren

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Díaz, Elías

2002-06-01

Full Text Available As against bad «reasons of state», both past and present, a number of good reasons of state are put forward here as sound demands for times to come. One of the aims we try to attain is a necessary theoretical and practical retrieval of politics along with culture and ethics in the public field. As against the prevailing untrammelled power of economics -in particular its purportedly one version, namely «scientific capitalism» and the quite lopsided globalization- it becomes mandatory to completely take into account the view-point of general interests (both national and transnational, universal; and, within that framework, legitimate individual interests, mainly those of broad social sections least endowed with bargaining leverage and resources. The ground for those good reasons of state (and reasons, too, for a civil society critically harmonized with the state lies in an ethics of enlightened values of freedom, equality and brotherhood (solidarity, as well as of such security as stems from social cohesion (a conjunction of justice and efficiency.

Frente a la mala «Razón de Estado», del pasado y del presente, se alegan aquí algunas de las posibles y potenciales buenas razones del Estado, también como exigencias válidas para el futuro. Con ello se pretende coadyuvar a una imprescindible recuperación teórica y práctica de la política y, con ella, de la cultura y de la ética en el espacio público. Ante el actual poder omnimodo e «incontrolado» de la economía, de su versión pretendidamente única, la del «capitalismo científico» y la muy desigual «globalización», se hace necesario tomar completamente en serio la perspectiva de los intereses generales (nacionales y transnacionales, universales: y, dentro de ellos, los legítimos intereses individuales y, en especial, los de aquellos amplios sectores sociales dotados de muchos menos poderes y posibilidades. La ética de los valores ilustrados de libertad, igualdad

Predicción de volatilidad de la rentabilidad diaria del mercado del azúcar y su aplicación en la razón de cobertura

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Arody Ortiz Alvarado

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo predice la volatilidad de la rentabilidad diaria del precio del azúcar, en el período compren­dido entre 1 de junio de 2011 y el 24 de octubre de 2013. Los datos diarios utilizados fueron los precios del azúcar, del etanol y la tasa de cambio de la moneda de Brasil (Real en dólares. Se usaron modelos multivariados de volatilidad autoregresiva condicional generalizada. A partir de la predicción de los precios del azúcar se calcula la razón de cobertura de mínima varianza. Los resultados muestran, que la razón de cobertura es 0.37, esto significa que, si un productor adverso al riesgo, que tiene la intención de eliminar un porcentaje de la volatilidad de la rentabilidad diaria del mercado mundial del azúcar, y espera vender 25 contratos de azúcar, cada uno de ellos de 50,84 toneladas (1.271 toneladas, el número de contratos optimo tomando cobertura a futuro será 9 y el número de contratos sin tomar cobertura (de contado será 16. This work predicts the volatility of the daily profitability of sugar prices for the period between 1 of June 2001 and 24th of October 2013. The daily data collected covered sugar, ethanol and the Brazilian Real and USD exchange rate information. The models used were multivariate generalized conditional autoregressive volatility. Parting from the sugar price prediction, the coverage ratio for the minimum variance is calculated. Results show that the coverage ratio is 0.37. This means that in the case of a risk adverse producer that wants to eliminate a percentage of volatility of the world´s sugar market daily profitability, and expects to sell 25 sugar contracts, 50,84 tons each, (1,271 tons, the optimal number of contracts with future cover­age will be 9 and the number of contracts without coverage (spot price will be 16

Juicios morales y fronteras biológicas: más allá de la frontera razón / emoción

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Cabezas, Mar

2013-08-01

Full Text Available We build boundaries that are theoretically based on biological grounds and we derive moral judgments from them. Likewise, we take for granted that emotions such as fear, disgust or rage were the element that led us to this mistake, especially when we realise the logical inconsistency of deriving moral judgments in this way. Consequently, we often associate emotions with prejudices, beliefs or fallacies, which we ought to free ourselves from. However, emotions are not the cause of the problem. Firstly, because the classical dichotomical framework that defends the reason/emotion polarity is also questionable. Secondly, because emotions, as alarms which transmit important information, may be a key element in the discovery and overcoming of the discriminations that arise at the boundaries of dichotomies. Thus, the aim here is to analyse the relationship between these three elements: biological boundaries, moral judgments and emotions. And then toargue in favour of the links between reason and emotions as a way of surpassing the old dichotomic model, and, to conclude, I will point out some of the benefits of replacing a dualistic framework by an interactive one.Construimos fronteras con supuesta base biológica y derivamos juicios morales de ellas. Asimismo, suponemos que fueron nuestras emociones —el miedo, el asco o la rabia— las que nos llevaron a tal error, especialmente cuando nos damos cuenta de la inconsistencia lógica de derivar juicios morales de dichas fronteras. En consecuencia, solemos identificar emociones con prejuicios, creencias u opciones falaces de las que más nos valdría librarnos. Sin embargo, como se tratará de argumentar a continuación, las emociones no son la causa del problema. Primero, porque el marco conceptual clásico dicotómico en el que razón y emoción son dos polos opuestos regidos por una tensión irreconciliable es a su vez cuestionable. Segundo, porque las emociones, en cuanto alarmas transmisoras de

Environmental and seasonal impacts on the chemical composition of Satureja horvatii Šilić (Lamiaceae) essential oils.

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Lakušić, Branislava; Ristić, Mihailo; Slavkovska, Violeta; Milenković, Marina; Lakušić, Dmitar

2011-03-01

The chemical composition of the essential oils of Satureja horvatii Šilić from two natural habitats (Mt. Orjen and Mt. Lovćen in Montenegro) and from cultivated plants (Belgrade, Serbia) were characterized. For the latter, plants from the locus classicus, i.e., Orjenske Lokve (Mt. Orjen), were transferred to Belgrade and, after three years of cultivation, the chemical composition of their essential oils at different phenological stages was analyzed. The essential oils were obtained from the aerial parts of the plants by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The yields and chemical compositions of the S. horvatii oils showed significant differences between the plants collected in the natural habitats and those from cultivation, as well as between the plants at different phenological stages. In the populations from the natural habitats, growing in Mediterranean conditions, the most abundant oil constituents were the phenols thymol (63.7% in the samples from Mt. Orjen) or carvacrol (68.1% in the samples from Mt. Lovćen), while the oils from the cultivated plants (Belgrade), growing in continental conditions, were dominated by linalool (up to 65.8 and 55.9% in average). The basic characteristics of the essential oil from plants at the early phenological stage (before flowering) were high percentages of linalool (37.4%), thymol (27.3%), and carvacrol (12.2%). At the stage of flowering, the percentage of linalool (56.6-57.5%) increased, while those of thymol (15.5-15.8%) and carvacrol (1.4-1.5%) significantly decreased. The essential oil of plants in the full stage of fruiting was characterized by the domination of linalool (58.4 and 65.8%) and lower percentages of thymol (7.6 and 1.3%) and carvacrol (0.7 and 0.1%). In conclusion, the oil composition of S. horvatii was found to depend on the pedoclimatic conditions of the habitat and the phenological stage of the plants. Copyright © 2011 Verlag Helvetica Chimica Acta AG, Zürich.

Influenza-like illness in a Vietnamese province: epidemiology in correlation with weather factors and determinants from the surveillance system.

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Minh An, Dao Thi; Ngoc, Nguyen Thi Bich; Nilsson, Maria

2014-01-01

Seasonal influenza affects from 5 to 15% of the world's population annually and causes an estimated 250,000-500,000 deaths worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends 'sentinel surveillance' for influenza-like illness (ILI) because it is simple and calls for standardized methods at a relatively low cost that can be implemented throughout the world. In Vietnam, ILI is a key priority for public health also because of its annually recurring temporal pattern. Two major factors, on which the spread of influenza depends, are the strain of the virus and its rate of mutation, since flu strains constantly mutate as they compete with host immune systems. In the context of global climate change, the role of climatic factors has been discussed, as they may significantly contribute to the cause of large outbreaks of ILI. 1) To describe the epidemiology of ILI in Ha Nam province, Vietnam; 2) to seek scientific evidence on the association of ILI occurrence with weather factors in Ha Nam province; and 3) to analyze factors from the Ha Nam ILI surveillance system that contribute to explaining the correlation between the ILI and the weather factors. A data set of 89,270 monthly reported ILI cases from 2008 to 2012 in Ha Nam was used to describe ILI epidemiological characteristics. Spearman correlation analyses between ILI cases and weather factors were conducted to identify which preceding period of months and weather patterns influenced the occurrence of ILI cases. Ten in-depth interviews with health workers in charge of recording and reporting ILI cases at different levels of the ILI surveillance system were conducted to gain a deeper understanding of factors contributing to explaining the relation between the ILI and the weather factors. The results indicated that the ILI occurred annually in all districts of the Ha Nam province in the five studied years. An epidemic occurred in 2009 with the number of cases three times higher than the average threshold. There was a

Ortaöğretim dokuzuncu sınıf matematik ders kitabına ilişkin öğretmen ve öğrenci görüşleri

OpenAIRE

Karaca Gün, Canan

2009-01-01

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ortaöğretim okullarının 9. sınıflarında okutulan matematik ders kitabına ilişkin öğretmen ve öğrenci görüşlerini belirlemektir. Araştırmanın çalışma evrenini, Aydın il merkezindeki toplam 19 ortaöğretim okulunda görev yapan matematik öğretmenleri ve bu okullarda öğrenim gören 9. sınıf öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada nicel araştırma ve nitel araştırma yöntemleri birlikte kullanılarak, sayısal veriler sözel veriler ile desteklenmiştir. Örneklem seçimi iki farklı ...

Influenza-like illness in a Vietnamese province: epidemiology in correlation with weather factors and determinants from the surveillance system

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Dao Thi Minh An

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Background: Seasonal influenza affects from 5 to 15% of the world's population annually and causes an estimated 250,000–500,000 deaths worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO recommends ‘sentinel surveillance’ for influenza-like illness (ILI because it is simple and calls for standardized methods at a relatively low cost that can be implemented throughout the world. In Vietnam, ILI is a key priority for public health also because of its annually recurring temporal pattern. Two major factors, on which the spread of influenza depends, are the strain of the virus and its rate of mutation, since flu strains constantly mutate as they compete with host immune systems. In the context of global climate change, the role of climatic factors has been discussed, as they may significantly contribute to the cause of large outbreaks of ILI. Objectives: 1 To describe the epidemiology of ILI in Ha Nam province, Vietnam; 2 to seek scientific evidence on the association of ILI occurrence with weather factors in Ha Nam province; and 3 to analyze factors from the Ha Nam ILI surveillance system that contribute to explaining the correlation between the ILI and the weather factors. Design: A data set of 89,270 monthly reported ILI cases from 2008 to 2012 in Ha Nam was used to describe ILI epidemiological characteristics. Spearman correlation analyses between ILI cases and weather factors were conducted to identify which preceding period of months and weather patterns influenced the occurrence of ILI cases. Ten in-depth interviews with health workers in charge of recording and reporting ILI cases at different levels of the ILI surveillance system were conducted to gain a deeper understanding of factors contributing to explaining the relation between the ILI and the weather factors. Results: The results indicated that the ILI occurred annually in all districts of the Ha Nam province in the five studied years. An epidemic occurred in 2009 with the number of

Validation of the ratio scale of the differents types of pain Validación de la escala de razón de los diferentes tipos de dolor Validação da escala de razão dos diferentes tipos de dor

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Priscilla Hortense

2008-08-01

Full Text Available The main aim was to validate the ratio scale derived from the non-metric continuum of the intensity of the different types of pain using cross-modality matching. Magnitude estimation method and cross-modality matching were used with perceived line lengths. The study was formed by 30 outpatients from various specialty clinics, 30 physicians and 90 nurses. The results were: Cancer Pain, Myocardium Infarct Pain, Renal Colic, Burn Injury Pain, and Childbirth Labor Pain were regarded as the pains of greater intensity; the rank order of pain intensity for the different types of pain, comparing the different psychophysical methods used resulted in levels of significant agreement. The conclusion was that the relation between the magnitude estimates and cross modality matching estimates of the line-lengths is a power function, and the scale for the different types of pain is valid, stable and consistent.El objetivo general fue validar la escala de razón derivada para el continuo no métrico de intensidad de los diferentes tipos de dolor por medio del método de emparejamiento intermodal. Fueron utilizados los métodos de estimación de magnitud y de emparejamiento intermodal con la modalidad de respuesta en largo de líneas. Participaron 30 pacientes de ambulatorio de diferentes clínicas, 30 médicos y 30 enfermeros. Los resultados mostraron: Dolor en el Cáncer, Dolor por Infarto del Miocardio, Dolor por Cólico Renal, Dolor por Quemadura y Dolor en el Parto; que fueron considerados los tipos de dolor de mayor intensidad; el orden de las posiciones de la intensidad de los diferentes tipos de dolor, cuando se compara los diferentes métodos psicofísicos utilizados, resultó en niveles de concordancia significativa. Concluimos que la relación entre las estimativas de magnitudes y las estimativas de largo de líneas es una función exponencial y la escala de los diferentes tipos de dolor es válida, estable y consistente.O objetivo geral foi validar a

Emeklilik Fonları ve Finansal İstikrar: Şili ve Türkiye Örneklerinden Dersler(Pension Funds and Financial Stability: Lessons from Chile and Turkey

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Vedat Akgiray

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Emeklilik fonları, i uzun vadeli yatırım perspektifine sahip olması, ii finansal piyasalardaki oynaklığı uzun vadeye yayarak absorbe edebilmesi, ve iii yatırımlarını hisse senedi ve altyapı fonları ile reel ekonomiye aktarmaları sayesinde; finansal piyasalardaki oynaklığın azalmasına katkıda bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, gelişmekte olan ülkelerde (GOÜ,  emeklilik fonlarının ekonomideki payının en düşük olduğu ülkelerden Türkiye'de (%2 ve en yüksek olduğu ülkelerden Şili'de (%66 emeklilik sistemlerinin karşılaştırmalı analizini sunarak, emeklilik fonlarının finansal piyasalardaki oynaklığa olan etkisini 2004-2014 dönemi için incelemektedir. Çalışma aynı zamanda, Türkiye’de uygulanması planlanan ‘otomatik katılım sistemi’ ve bu sistemi tamamlayıcı ‘fon ürünleri’ üzerine politika önerilerini de kapsamaktadır.

Intermedilysin induces EGR-1 expression through calcineurin/NFAT pathway in human cholangiocellular carcinoma cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Susilowati, Heni [Department of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504 (Japan); Okamura, Hirohiko [Department of Histology and Oral Histology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504 (Japan); Hirota, Katsuhiko, E-mail: hirota@dent.tokushima-u.ac.jp [Department of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504 (Japan); Shono, Masayuki [Support Center for Advanced Medical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8504 (Japan); Yoshida, Kaya [Department of Fundamental Oral Health Science, School of Oral Health and Welfare, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504 (Japan); Murakami, Keiji [Department of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504 (Japan); Tabata, Atsushi; Nagamune, Hideaki [Department of Biological Science and Technology, Life System, Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8506 (Japan); Haneji, Tatsuji [Department of Histology and Oral Histology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504 (Japan); Miyake, Yoichiro [Department of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504 (Japan)

2011-01-07

Research highlights: {yields} ILY leads to the accumulation of [Ca{sup 2+}]i in the nucleus in HuCCT1 cells. {yields} ILY induced activation of NFAT1 through a calcineurin-dependent pathway. {yields} Calcineuri/NFAT pathway is involved in EGR-1 expression in response to ILY treatment. -- Abstract: Intermedilysin (ILY) is a cholesterol-dependent cytolysin produced by Streptococcus intermedius, which is associated with human brain and liver abscesses. Although intrahepatic bile duct cells play a valuable role in the pathogenesis of liver abscess, the molecular mechanism of ILY-treated intrahepatic bile duct cells remains unknown. In this study, we report that ILY induced a nuclear accumulation of intracellular calcium ([Ca{sup 2+}]i) in human cholangiocellular cells HuCCT1. We also demonstrate that 10 ng/ml ILY induced NFAT1 dephosphorylation and its nuclear translocation in HuCCT1 cells. In contrast to the result that ILY induced NF-{kappa}B translocation in human hepatic HepG2 cells, ILY did not affect NF-{kappa}B localization in HuCCT1 cells. Dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NFAT1 caused by ILY were prevented by [Ca{sup 2+}]i calcium chelator, BAPTA/AM, and calcineurin inhibitors, cyclosporine A and tacrolimus. ILY induced early growth response-1 (EGR-1) expression and it was inhibited by the pre-treatment with cyclosporine A, indicating that the calcineurin/NFAT pathway was involved in EGR-1 expression in response to ILY. ILY-induced calcineurin/NFAT1 activation and sequential EGR-1 expression might be related to the pathogenesis of S. intermedius in human bile duct cells.

Intermedilysin induces EGR-1 expression through calcineurin/NFAT pathway in human cholangiocellular carcinoma cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Susilowati, Heni; Okamura, Hirohiko; Hirota, Katsuhiko; Shono, Masayuki; Yoshida, Kaya; Murakami, Keiji; Tabata, Atsushi; Nagamune, Hideaki; Haneji, Tatsuji; Miyake, Yoichiro

2011-01-01

Research highlights: → ILY leads to the accumulation of [Ca 2+ ]i in the nucleus in HuCCT1 cells. → ILY induced activation of NFAT1 through a calcineurin-dependent pathway. → Calcineuri/NFAT pathway is involved in EGR-1 expression in response to ILY treatment. -- Abstract: Intermedilysin (ILY) is a cholesterol-dependent cytolysin produced by Streptococcus intermedius, which is associated with human brain and liver abscesses. Although intrahepatic bile duct cells play a valuable role in the pathogenesis of liver abscess, the molecular mechanism of ILY-treated intrahepatic bile duct cells remains unknown. In this study, we report that ILY induced a nuclear accumulation of intracellular calcium ([Ca 2+ ]i) in human cholangiocellular cells HuCCT1. We also demonstrate that 10 ng/ml ILY induced NFAT1 dephosphorylation and its nuclear translocation in HuCCT1 cells. In contrast to the result that ILY induced NF-κB translocation in human hepatic HepG2 cells, ILY did not affect NF-κB localization in HuCCT1 cells. Dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NFAT1 caused by ILY were prevented by [Ca 2+ ]i calcium chelator, BAPTA/AM, and calcineurin inhibitors, cyclosporine A and tacrolimus. ILY induced early growth response-1 (EGR-1) expression and it was inhibited by the pre-treatment with cyclosporine A, indicating that the calcineurin/NFAT pathway was involved in EGR-1 expression in response to ILY. ILY-induced calcineurin/NFAT1 activation and sequential EGR-1 expression might be related to the pathogenesis of S. intermedius in human bile duct cells.

Electronic Sentinel Surveillance of Influenza-like Illness. Experience from a pilot study in New Zealand.

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Adnan, Mehnaz; Peterkin, Donald; Lopez, Liza; Mackereth, Graham

2017-02-01

Electronic reporting of Influenza-like illness (eILI) from primary care was implemented and evaluated in three general medical practices in New Zealand during May to September 2015. To measure the uptake of eILI and to identify the system's strength and limitations. Analysis of transactional data from the eILI system; comparative study of influenza-like illness cases reported using manual methods and eILI; questionnaire administered to clinical and operational stakeholders. Over the study period 66% of total ILI cases were reported using eILI. Reporting timeliness improved significantly compared to manual reporting with an average of 24 minutes from submission by the clinician to processing in the national database. Users found the system to be user-friendly. eILI assists clinicians to report ILI cases to public health authorities within a stipulated time period and is associated with faster, more reliable and improved information transfer.

Effect of influenza-like illness and other wintertime respiratory illnesses on worker productivity: The child and household influenza-illness and employee function (CHIEF) study.

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Palmer, Liisa A; Rousculp, Matthew D; Johnston, Stephen S; Mahadevia, Parthiv J; Nichol, Kristin L

2010-07-12

Acute respiratory illnesses (ARI), comprising influenza-like illness (ILI) and other wintertime respiratory illnesses (ORI), impose substantial health and economic burdens on the United States. Little is known about the impact of ILI among household members (HHM), particularly children, on employees' productivity. To quantify the impact of employee and HHM-ILI and ARI on employee productivity, a prospective, observational cohort study was conducted among employees from three large US companies. Employees who had at least one child living at home (N=2013) completed a monthly survey during the 2007-2008 influenza season, reporting the number of days missed from work and hours of presenteeism due to: (1) personal ILI, (2) HHM-ILI, and (3) personal and HHM-ARI. Employee ILI ranged from 4.8% (April) to 13.5% (February). Employees reporting ILI reported more absences than employees not reporting ILI (72% vs 30%, respectively; Pemployees surveyed had at least one child with an ILI; these employees missed more days of work due to HHM illness than employees without an ARI-ill child (0.9 days vs 0.3 days, respectively; PEmployees with ILI were less productive, on average, for 4.8h each day that they worked while sick, 2.5h of which was attributable to ILI. HHM illnesses accounted for 17.7% (1389/7868 days) of employee absenteeism, over half of which was due to HHM-ARI. ILI causes a significant amount of employee absence. Household members, particularly children, comprise a sizable proportion of general illness and injury-related employee absences. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Razão, emoção e ação em cena: a mente humana sob um olhar evolucionista

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Angela Donato Oliva

Full Text Available O conhecimento científico da mente humana tem avançado desde a fundação da Psicologia. Aspectos biológicos e culturais, psicológicos e neurológicos, emocionais e racionais foram privilegiados separadamente em diferentes épocas e perspectivas - a visão de mente foi por vezes focalizada e por vezes relegada à caixa preta da ciência psicológica. Contemporaneamente, assiste-se a buscas de integração entre mente e comportamento humanos. A mente é vista como objeto da ciência e produto da seleção natural na evolução da espécie do Homo sapiens sapiens. Este trabalho visa apresentar uma breve história das principais transformações na concepção da mente, e de modelos evolucionistas de mente que contemplem a razão, a emoção e as ações humanas. Busca-se integrar e discutir as evidências das pesquisas de diversas disciplinas (Antropologia, Etologia, Primatologia, Psicologia, etc oferecendo uma compreensão evolucionista da mente humana, de sua filogênese e ontogênese. Comportamentos cooperativos e competitivos serão discutidos a partir dessas perspectivas.

Basic performance metrics of in-line inspection tools

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Timashev, Sviatoslav A. [Russian Academy of Sciences (Russian Federation). Ural Branch. Science and Engineering Center

2003-07-01

The paper discusses current possibilities and drawbacks of in-line inspection (ILI) in detecting, identifying, locating and sizing of all types of defects in oil and gas pipelines. A full set of consistent and universal ILI tool performance metrics is constructed. A holistic methodology that extracts maximum value from the ILI measurements in defect detecting, locating, identifying, sizing and verifying the results of ILI is presented. The outlined approach is being implemented as a software component of a multi-purpose HR MFL ILI tool and is proposed for the new API 1163 ILI Qualification Standard. (author)

Interstitial lung involvement in rheumatoid arthritis

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David Vladimirovich Bestaev

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Rheumatoid arthritis (RA is a systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease of unknown etiology, characterized by chronic erosive arthritis and extraarticular manifestations. Pulmonary involvement is one of the common extraarticular manifestations of RA and may show itself as bronchial tree lesions, rheumatoid nodules, Caplan's syndrome, and lesions in the pleura or pulmonary interstitium (interstitial lung involvement (ILI. High-resolution computed tomography allows the diagnosis of ILI in RA in nearly 70% of cases although the incidence of ILI may be lower (4 to 30% depending on diagnostic methods and patient selection criteria. There are several histopathological types of ILI, the differential diagnosis of which can be troublesome. Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia are major types of RA-associated ILI. UIP-pattern ILI has a more severe course than ILI with other histological patterns. The clinical presentation of ILI may be complicated by the likely toxic effect of a number of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs used to treat RA, such as methotrexate and leflunomide, and biological agents (BAs, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α inhibitors. The pathogenesis of pulmonary involvement in RA and the role of synthetic DMARDs and BAs in the development of ILI call for further investigations.An extraarticular manifestation, such as ILI, affects the choice of treatment policy in patients with RA.The relevance of a study of ILI is beyond question. The paper discusses the state-of-the-art of investigations in this area.

Razón y Fortuna (José M.ª González, La diosa Fortuna. Metamorfosis de una metáfora política

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Ruano de la Fuente, Yolanda

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Establishing a dialogue with last José M. González’s book, La diosa Fortuna. Metamorfosis de una metáfora política, awarded with the National Prize of Essay 2007, the present article is focused on analysing relations kept by Reason to what historically uses to appear as its perfect antagonist: Fortune as a synonym of what happens by chance and without control by man’s actions.

En diálogo con el último libro de José M. González, La diosa Fortuna. Metamorfosis de una metáfora política, galardonado con el último Premio Nacional de Ensayo 2007, en este trabajo se analizan las relaciones mantenidas por la Razón con quien históricamente suele aparecer como su perfecto antagonista: La Fortuna, sinónimo de lo azaroso e incontrolable por parte del hombre.

Emergency department and 'Google flu trends' data as syndromic surveillance indicators for seasonal influenza.

Science.gov (United States)

Thompson, L H; Malik, M T; Gumel, A; Strome, T; Mahmud, S M

2014-11-01

We evaluated syndromic indicators of influenza disease activity developed using emergency department (ED) data - total ED visits attributed to influenza-like illness (ILI) ('ED ILI volume') and percentage of visits attributed to ILI ('ED ILI percent') - and Google flu trends (GFT) data (ILI cases/100 000 physician visits). Congruity and correlation among these indicators and between these indicators and weekly count of laboratory-confirmed influenza in Manitoba was assessed graphically using linear regression models. Both ED and GFT data performed well as syndromic indicators of influenza activity, and were highly correlated with each other in real time. The strongest correlations between virological data and ED ILI volume and ED ILI percent, respectively, were 0·77 and 0·71. The strongest correlation of GFT was 0·74. Seasonal influenza activity may be effectively monitored using ED and GFT data.

Estimation of community-level influenza-associated illness in a low resource rural setting in India.

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Saha, Siddhartha; Gupta, Vivek; Dawood, Fatimah S; Broor, Shobha; Lafond, Kathryn E; Chadha, Mandeep S; Rai, Sanjay K; Krishnan, Anand

2018-01-01

To estimate rates of community-level influenza-like-illness (ILI) and influenza-associated ILI in rural north India. During 2011, we conducted household-based healthcare utilization surveys (HUS) for any acute medical illness (AMI) in preceding 14days among residents of 28villages of Ballabgarh, in north India. Concurrently, we conducted clinic-based surveillance (CBS) in the area for AMI episodes with illness onset ≤3days and collected nasal and throat swabs for influenza virus testing using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Retrospectively, we applied ILI case definition (measured/reported fever and cough) to HUS and CBS data. We attributed 14days of risk-time per person surveyed in HUS and estimated community ILI rate by dividing the number of ILI cases in HUS by total risk-time. We used CBS data on influenza positivity and applied it to HUS-based community ILI rates by age, month, and clinic type, to estimate the community influenza-associated ILI rates. The HUS of 69,369 residents during the year generated risk-time of 3945 person-years (p-y) and identified 150 (5%, 95%CI: 4-6) ILI episodes (38 ILI episodes/1,000 p-y; 95% CI 32-44). Among 1,372 ILI cases enrolled from clinics, 126 (9%; 95% CI 8-11) had laboratory-confirmed influenza (A (H3N2) = 72; B = 54). After adjusting for age, month, and clinic type, overall influenza-associated ILI rate was 4.8/1,000 p-y; rates were highest among children value of influenza vaccination among target groups.

The Research on Ili Accordion Music Culture%伊犁手风琴音乐文化发展状况及其特征

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

马茜

2012-01-01

伊犁多元的文化孕育出多样的音乐艺术，手风琴音乐也同样丰富多彩。本文就伊犁手风琴自20世纪初到新世纪不同阶段的音乐教育情况作了系统的梳理和归纳；指出伊犁手风琴音乐在乐器种类、乐曲体裁风格、演奏形式、存在范围等方面呈现出鲜明的多样性特征，并探讨了音乐文化中“大、小传统”概念在伊犁手风琴音乐文化艺术中的和谐体现。%Ili＇s multi-cuhure has bred multiple music art, and the accordion is also rich and varied. The thesis has scientific summary music education in different periods from the beginning of 20~ century to the new millennium ; it points out that Ili accordion music culture shows distinct varied features in instrument kinds, musical composition types, playing forms and existing scopes and so on; it probes into the concept of ＂big and small traditions＇s＂ harmonious reflection in Ill accordion music culture.

Relating calls to US poison centers for potential exposures to medications to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reporting of influenza-like illness.

Science.gov (United States)

Beauchamp, Gillian A; McKeown, Nathanael J; Rodriguez, Sergio; Spyker, Daniel A

2016-03-01

The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) monitors influenza like illness (ILI) and the National Poison Data System (NPDS) warehouses call data uploaded by US poison centers regarding reported exposures to medication. We examined the relationship between calls to poison centers regarding reported exposures to medications commonly used to treat ILI and weekly reports of ILI. The CDC reports ILI, by age group, for each of 10 Health and Human Services (HHS) regions. We examined NPDS summary data from calls reported to poison centers regarding reported exposures to acetaminophen, cough/cold medications, and promethazine, for the same weeks, age groups, and HHS regions for influenza seasons 2000-2013. ILI and NPDS exposures were examined using graphical plots, descriptive statistics, stepwise regression analysis, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). About 5,101,841 influenza-like illness cases were reported to the CDC, and 2,122,940 calls regarding reported exposures to medications commonly used to treat ILI, were reported by poison centers to the NPDS over the 13 flu seasons. Analysis of stepwise models of the linear untransformed data involving 24 NPDS data groups and for 60 ILI measures, over the 13 influenza seasons, demonstrated that reported exposures to medications used to treat ILI correlated with reported cases of ILI with a median R(2 )=( )0.489 (min R(2 )=( )0.248, max R(2 )=( )0.717), with mean ± SD of R(2 )=( )0.494 ± 0.121. Median number of parameters used (degrees of freedom - 1) was 7. NPDS data regarding poison center calls for selected ILI medication exposures were highly correlated with CDC ILI data. Since NPDS data are available in real time, it provides complimentary ILI monitoring. This approach may provide public health value in predicting other illnesses which are not currently as thoroughly monitored.

Economia verde: por que o otimismo deve ser aliado ao ceticismo da razão

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Andrei Cechin

2012-01-01

Full Text Available A iniciativa da economia verde carrega consigo o otimismo da vontade de que a economia pode e deve ser impulsionada por investimentos em atividades limpas em contraposição à extração de recursos naturais e à indústria poluente. No entanto, existem limites à ênfase que se coloca nos aumentos de eficiência e na substituição entre setores de uma economia. Para ser verde de fato, a redução no impacto ambiental por unidade do PIB deve ser maior do que o aumento do PIB num período. Mesmo que evidências recentes mostrem que alguns países já passaram do pico no uso de materiais e energia, globalmente a extração de recursos naturais e a emissão de CO2 só tem aumentado. Uma provável causa é porque países ricos têm terceirizado as atividades poluentes para países mais pobres. É hora de trazer o ceticismo da razão para o debate e discutir seriamente o decrescimento, não do PIB ou das oportunidades de desenvolvimento humano, mas da extração de recursos e da emissão de carbono globais.The green economy initiative carries with it the optimistic view that the economy can and should be driven by investments in clean activities as opposed to the extraction of natural resources and polluting industries. However there are limits to the emphasis that is often put on efficiency improvements and on the substitution between sectors of an economy. For the economy to be green, the reduction in environmental impact per unit of GDP should be higher than GDP growth over a period. Even though recent evidence shows that some countries aparently passed the peak in the use of materials and energy, global extraction of natural resources and CO2 emissions has increased. A probable cause is that rich countries have outsourced polluting activities to poorer countries. It is time to bring the skepticism of reason to the debate and seriously discuss degrowth, not of GDP or of opportunities for human development, but of the global resource extration

Resposta espectral de solos em razão do ângulo de visada, da umidade e da rugosidade superficial

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ACCIOLY LUCIANO JOSÉ DE OLIVEIRA

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar as variações do fator de refletância bidirecional (FRB de três séries de solo (McAllister, Stronghold e Epitaph da microbacia experimental de Walnut Gulch (Arizona, EUA em razão do ângulo de visada, da rugosidade superficial e do teor de umidade. Foram consideradas as faixas espectrais do visível e do infravermelho próximo e médio presentes no sensor TM, e os resultados foram expressos em termos de FRB em relação à resposta no Nadir (FRB relativo. O anisotropismo variou de solo para solo e foi maior nas menores faixas espectrais, nos ângulos de visada maiores localizados na direção do retroespalhamento, nos ângulos solar-zenitais maiores, e na condição de solo seco. No solo Epitaph (único solo submetido ao estudo de rugosidade o anisotropismo foi também maior na superfície mais rugosa. Entretanto, uma melhor diferenciação entre as superfícies lisa e rugosa do solo Epitaph foi obtida na direção do espalhamento da energia refletida. Diferenças na escala e nos métodos de obtenção dos dados são apontadas como causas do realce do comportamento anisotrópico dos dados obtidos em condições de laboratório, em comparação com os dados de campo.

O robe de Descartes: uma discussão em torno da melancolia e da origem da razão moderna [Descartes' robe: a discussion on melancholy and the origin of modern reason

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Ronaldo Manzi Filho

2017-05-01

Full Text Available A melancolia é descrita no século XVII na Enciclopédia de Diderot e d’Alembert como um “delírio da alma” que pode ser notado por outra pessoa através do comportamento, da linguagem, do estado de humor, etc. Mas como eu mesmo poderia saber se estou delirando ou não? Esse verbete parece ter um endereço: a própria raiz da Razão moderna. Não é esse o tema central em Descartes: a fundamentação da Razão e a possibilidade da loucura? No Discurso do método e nas Meditações metafísicas, Descartes parte de situações “fictícias”: sua própria vida, sua experiência diante de uma lareira com seu robe, etc. – fictícias porque não se sabe exatamente se se trata de um delírio ou não. Sua obra é descrita como uma fábula, como ele mesmo o diz. O tempo todo ele está diante de “fantasmas”: a possibilidade da loucura, de um Gênio Maligno... Não é exatamente essa descrição da melancolia que Descartes temia – de uma possibilidade de se viver numa “doença da alma”? Este texto busca mostrar que a Razão moderna, ao invés de tentar excluir o delírio de seu interior, é credora, no fundo, de uma reflexão que leva a sério a possibilidade da loucura. [Melancholy is described in the eighteenth century in Diderot and d'Alembert’s Encyclopedia as a “delirium of the soul” that can be noticed by others through one’s behavior, language, mood, etc. But how could one know whether or not one is delirious? This entry seems to be addressing: the very root of modern reason. Is this not the central theme in Descartes: the foundation of Reason and the possibility of madness? In Discourse on the Method and Meditations on First Philosophy, Descartes starts from of a “fictitious” situations: his life, his experience in front of a fireplace with his robe, etc. Fictitious because it is not known exactly whether this is just a delusion or not. His work is described as a fable, as he himself says. All the time he is facing

Age-related differences in the accuracy of web query-based predictions of influenza-like illness.

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Alexander Domnich

Full Text Available Web queries are now widely used for modeling, nowcasting and forecasting influenza-like illness (ILI. However, given that ILI attack rates vary significantly across ages, in terms of both magnitude and timing, little is known about whether the association between ILI morbidity and ILI-related queries is comparable across different age-groups. The present study aimed to investigate features of the association between ILI morbidity and ILI-related query volume from the perspective of age.Since Google Flu Trends is unavailable in Italy, Google Trends was used to identify entry terms that correlated highly with official ILI surveillance data. All-age and age-class-specific modeling was performed by means of linear models with generalized least-square estimation. Hold-out validation was used to quantify prediction accuracy. For purposes of comparison, predictions generated by exponential smoothing were computed.Five search terms showed high correlation coefficients of > .6. In comparison with exponential smoothing, the all-age query-based model correctly predicted the peak time and yielded a higher correlation coefficient with observed ILI morbidity (.978 vs. .929. However, query-based prediction of ILI morbidity was associated with a greater error. Age-class-specific query-based models varied significantly in terms of prediction accuracy. In the 0-4 and 25-44-year age-groups, these did well and outperformed exponential smoothing predictions; in the 15-24 and ≥ 65-year age-classes, however, the query-based models were inaccurate and highly overestimated peak height. In all but one age-class, peak timing predicted by the query-based models coincided with observed timing.The accuracy of web query-based models in predicting ILI morbidity rates could differ among ages. Greater age-specific detail may be useful in flu query-based studies in order to account for age-specific features of the epidemiology of ILI.

Automated data extraction from general practice records in an Australian setting: trends in influenza-like illness in sentinel general practices and emergency departments.

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Liljeqvist, Gösta T H; Staff, Michael; Puech, Michele; Blom, Hans; Torvaldsen, Siranda

2011-06-06

Influenza intelligence in New South Wales (NSW), Australia is derived mainly from emergency department (ED) presentations and hospital and intensive care admissions, which represent only a portion of influenza-like illness (ILI) in the population. A substantial amount of the remaining data lies hidden in general practice (GP) records. Previous attempts in Australia to gather ILI data from GPs have given them extra work. We explored the possibility of applying automated data extraction from GP records in sentinel surveillance in an Australian setting.The two research questions asked in designing the study were: Can syndromic ILI data be extracted automatically from routine GP data? How do ILI trends in sentinel general practice compare with ILI trends in EDs? We adapted a software program already capable of automated data extraction to identify records of patients with ILI in routine electronic GP records in two of the most commonly used commercial programs. This tool was applied in sentinel sites to gather retrospective data for May-October 2007-2009 and in real-time for the same interval in 2010. The data were compared with that provided by the Public Health Real-time Emergency Department Surveillance System (PHREDSS) and with ED data for the same periods. The GP surveillance tool identified seasonal trends in ILI both retrospectively and in near real-time. The curve of seasonal ILI was more responsive and less volatile than that of PHREDSS on a local area level. The number of weekly ILI presentations ranged from 8 to 128 at GP sites and from 0 to 18 in EDs in non-pandemic years. Automated data extraction from routine GP records offers a means to gather data without introducing any additional work for the practitioner. Adding this method to current surveillance programs will enhance their ability to monitor ILI and to detect early warning signals of new ILI events.

Razão e emoção: o voto na eleição presidencial de 2006

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Jairo Tadeu Pires Pimentel Junior

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como proposta analisar o papel dos sentimentos na estruturação das escolhas eleitorais durante a eleição presidencial brasileira de 2006. Especificamente, analisa de que forma as emoções dos eleitores em relação aos candidatos afetam e estimulam a avaliação e o voto nos mesmos. Primeiramente, buscamos demonstrar formas de mensuração das emoções em termos quantitativos através de surveys realizados durante o período eleitoral. Em segundo lugar, buscamos evidenciar que a avaliação retrospectiva pode ser mais bem entendida se compreendermos como a avaliação de governo interage com os estados emocionais dos eleitores. Destarte, negando a longa tradição que contrapõe razão e emoção dentro da política, salientamos a tese de que os sentimentos constituem uma importante variável no processamento de informações e, consequentemente, na decisão do voto.This article to analyzes the role of emotion in the electoral choices during the 2006 Brazilian presidential election. Specifically, it analyzes in which way the emotions of the voters in relation to the candidates affect and stimulates the evaluation and the vote for them. In the first place, we demonstrate forms of measuring emotions in quantitative terms through surveys conducted during the electoral period. Second, we demonstrate that the retrospective evaluation government's can better be understood if we comprehend in which way the government's evaluation interacts with emotional states of the voters. Thus, denying the long tradition that opposes reason and emotion in politics, we point out the thesis that feelings constitute an important variable in the information processing and, consequently, in the vote decision.

Florivory and sex ratio in Annona dioica St. Hil. (Annonaceae in the Pantanal at Nhecolândia, southwestern Brazil Florivoria e razão sexual em Annona dioica St. Hil. (Annonaceae no Pantanal da Nhecolândia, Brazil

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Hipólito Ferreira Paulino Neto

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Annona dioica St. Hil. is a species that grows to approximately 2 m tall and is very widespread in the cerrados. Individual plants of this androdioecious species produce numerous hermaphroditic or male flowers, but few fruits. The aim of this study was to determine the sex ratio among the plants and to compare the frequency of herbivory between male and hermaphroditic flowers. The fieldwork was done by studying flowering plants in grasslands used as pasture for cattle at Fazenda Nhumirim. One hundred and forty-seven male plants and 71 hermaphroditic plants were examined and produced a total of 194 and 94 flowers, respectively, during the study period. The male:hermaphrodite sex ratio was 2.07:1, and was similar to the male:hermaphrodite flower ratio of 2.06:1. The frequency of florivory rate in hermaphrodites was significantly higher than in male flowers (33.0%, n = 31, and 25.7%, n = 50, respectively; G = 14.83; d.f. = 1; p Annona dioica é uma espécie arbustiva de até dois metros de altura, amplamente distribuída nos cerrados. Esta espécie é conhecida por oferecer muitas flores, mas produzir poucos frutos. Enquadra-se como androdióica, possuindo indivíduos machos e hermafroditas na população. O objetivo deste estudo foi registrar a razão sexual e comparar a taxa de florivoria entre flores masculinas e hermafroditas. A coleta de dados ocorreu em campos de pastagem da Fazenda Nhumirim, consistindo na observação de arbustos floridos. Foram registrados 147 indivíduos masculinos e 71 hermafroditas, os quais apresentavam um total de 194 e 94 flores durante o período de estudo, respectivamente. A razão sexual observada foi de 2,07 indivíduos masculinos para cada hermafrodita, bem como 2,06 flores masculinas para cada flor hermafrodita. A taxa de florivoria foi significativamente maior em flores hermafroditas que em masculinas, com 33,0% (n = 31 e 25,7% (n = 50, respectivamente (G = 14,83; 1gl; p < 0,001. A média do peso fresco de 50

Somatotipo, fatores de risco e razão cintura-estatura em indivíduos fisicamente ativos

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Anderson Henrique Souza de Almeida

2015-08-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A relação entre o tipo físico e o risco cardiovascular vem sendo estudada em diversas populações do mundo. No Brasil, estudos que avaliam esta relação são escassos, principalmente quando se trata de indivíduos que praticam atividades físicas. Objetivo: Analisar a relação do somatotipo com fatores de risco cardiovascular e razão cintura-estatura (RCEst em praticantes de atividade física.MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva com delineamento transversal. A amostra foi constituída por 280 sujeitos, usuários da pista de Cooper da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, na cidade de Recife, PE, Brasil. Para identificação do nível de atividade física, utilizou-se a versão curta do International Physical Activity Questionnaire(IPAQ. Os indivíduos classificados como muito ativos, ativos ou irregularmente ativos A ou B, foram incluídos na amostra. Excluíram-se os sujeitos inativos fisicamente. O somatotipo foi estimado através do protocolo antropométrico de Carter e Heath (1990. Determinaram-se como fatores de risco cardiovascular o tabagismo, o consumo de bebida alcoólica e a pressão arterial (PA. Empregou-se a estatística descritiva para caracterização da amostra, em seguida, utilizou-se a Análise de Variância Multivariada (MANOVA, com nível de significância de p < 0,05.RESULTADOS: Não foi identificada relação significativa para as variáveis tabagismo e consumo de bebida alcoólica. Na análise da PA (Pillai's trace = 0,082; F = 8,187; p < 0,05 e da RCEst (Pillai's trace = 0,298; F = 39,081; p < 0,05, verificou-se significância estatística com o somatotipo.CONCLUSÃO: O tipo físico foi positivo e significativamente relacionado com a PA e com a RCEst, demonstrando que esse indicador antropométrico pode ser utilizado para predizer precocemente o risco de desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares.

Forecasting influenza-like illness dynamics for military populations using neural networks and social media.

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Svitlana Volkova

Full Text Available This work is the first to take advantage of recurrent neural networks to predict influenza-like illness (ILI dynamics from various linguistic signals extracted from social media data. Unlike other approaches that rely on timeseries analysis of historical ILI data and the state-of-the-art machine learning models, we build and evaluate the predictive power of neural network architectures based on Long Short Term Memory (LSTMs units capable of nowcasting (predicting in "real-time" and forecasting (predicting the future ILI dynamics in the 2011 - 2014 influenza seasons. To build our models we integrate information people post in social media e.g., topics, embeddings, word ngrams, stylistic patterns, and communication behavior using hashtags and mentions. We then quantitatively evaluate the predictive power of different social media signals and contrast the performance of the-state-of-the-art regression models with neural networks using a diverse set of evaluation metrics. Finally, we combine ILI and social media signals to build a joint neural network model for ILI dynamics prediction. Unlike the majority of the existing work, we specifically focus on developing models for local rather than national ILI surveillance, specifically for military rather than general populations in 26 U.S. and six international locations., and analyze how model performance depends on the amount of social media data available per location. Our approach demonstrates several advantages: (a Neural network architectures that rely on LSTM units trained on social media data yield the best performance compared to previously used regression models. (b Previously under-explored language and communication behavior features are more predictive of ILI dynamics than stylistic and topic signals expressed in social media. (c Neural network models learned exclusively from social media signals yield comparable or better performance to the models learned from ILI historical data, thus

Forecasting influenza-like illness dynamics for military populations using neural networks and social media.

Science.gov (United States)

Volkova, Svitlana; Ayton, Ellyn; Porterfield, Katherine; Corley, Courtney D

2017-01-01

This work is the first to take advantage of recurrent neural networks to predict influenza-like illness (ILI) dynamics from various linguistic signals extracted from social media data. Unlike other approaches that rely on timeseries analysis of historical ILI data and the state-of-the-art machine learning models, we build and evaluate the predictive power of neural network architectures based on Long Short Term Memory (LSTMs) units capable of nowcasting (predicting in "real-time") and forecasting (predicting the future) ILI dynamics in the 2011 - 2014 influenza seasons. To build our models we integrate information people post in social media e.g., topics, embeddings, word ngrams, stylistic patterns, and communication behavior using hashtags and mentions. We then quantitatively evaluate the predictive power of different social media signals and contrast the performance of the-state-of-the-art regression models with neural networks using a diverse set of evaluation metrics. Finally, we combine ILI and social media signals to build a joint neural network model for ILI dynamics prediction. Unlike the majority of the existing work, we specifically focus on developing models for local rather than national ILI surveillance, specifically for military rather than general populations in 26 U.S. and six international locations., and analyze how model performance depends on the amount of social media data available per location. Our approach demonstrates several advantages: (a) Neural network architectures that rely on LSTM units trained on social media data yield the best performance compared to previously used regression models. (b) Previously under-explored language and communication behavior features are more predictive of ILI dynamics than stylistic and topic signals expressed in social media. (c) Neural network models learned exclusively from social media signals yield comparable or better performance to the models learned from ILI historical data, thus, signals from

Em contato com as doenças genéticas: a norma e a razão como tradições culturais presentes no discurso de profissionais médicos do Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

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Martins Antília Januária

2004-01-01

Full Text Available O estudo buscou captar a influência de tradições culturais arraigadas na construção do discurso que médicos do Instituto Fernandes Figueira/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz produzem acerca das crianças com doenças genéticas associadas a malformações congênitas e ao retardo mental, assim como, as reflexões que o atendimento/convívio profissional com tais doenças ensejaram. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevistas orais do tipo narrativa conversada e do material analisado semioticamente. Os resultados apontaram para quatro tradições culturais muito presentes no discurso médico: a norma, a razão, a família e a religiosidade judaico-cristã. Este artigo, contudo, atém-se as duas primeiras, grifando como as dismorfias e as malformações congênitas associadas às doenças genéticas, cujo prognóstico é sempre encarado como ruim, desafiam as normas arraigadas de perfeição, beleza e produtividade, despertando sentimentos de estranheza, impotência e frustração, e como a razão, uma das principais tradições culturais organizadoras do pensamento moderno, modula o discurso médico sobre as síndromes genéticas associadas ao retardo mental.

Influenza-like illness in an urban community of Salvador, Brazil: incidence, seasonality and risk factors.

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Oliveira, Carlos R; Costa, Gisela S R; Paploski, Igor A D; Kikuti, Mariana; Kasper, Amelia M; Silva, Monaise M O; Tavares, Aline S; Cruz, Jaqueline S; Queiroz, Tássia L; Lima, Helena C A V; Calcagno, Juan; Reis, Mitermayer G; Weinberger, Daniel M; Shapiro, Eugene D; Ko, Albert I; Ribeiro, Guilherme S

2016-03-15

Our understanding of the epidemiology of influenza is limited in tropical regions, which in turn has hampered identifying optimal region-specific policy to diminish disease burden. Influenza-like illness (ILI) is a clinical diagnosis that can be used as a surrogate for influenza. This study aimed to define the incidence and seasonality of ILI and to assess its association with climatic variables and school calendar in an urban community in the tropical region of Salvador, Brazil. Between 2009 and 2013, we conducted enhanced community-based surveillance for acute febrile illnesses (AFI) among patients ≥ 5 years of age in a slum community emergency unit in Salvador, Brazil. ILI was defined as a measured temperature of ≥ 37.8 °C or reported fever in a patient with cough or sore throat for ≤ 7 days, and negative test results for dengue and leptospirosis. Seasonality was analyzed with a harmonic regression model. Negative binomial regression models were used to correlate ILI incidence with rainfall, temperature, relative humidity and the number of days per month that schools were in session while controlling for seasonality. There were 2,651 (45.6% of 5,817 AFI patients) ILI cases with a mean annual incidence of 60 cases/1,000 population (95% CI 58-62). Risk of ILI was highest among 5-9 year olds with an annual incidence of 105 cases/1,000 population in 2009. ILI had a clear seasonal pattern with peaks between the 35-40th week of the year. ILI peaks were higher and earlier in 5-9 year olds compared with > 19 year olds. No association was seen between ILI and precipitation, relative humidity or temperature. There was a significant association between the incidence of ILI in children 5-9 years of age and number of scheduled school days per month. We identified a significant burden of ILI with distinct seasonality in the Brazilian tropics and highest rates among young school-age children. Seasonal peaks of ILI in children 5-9 years of age were positively associated

Estimation of community-level influenza-associated illness in a low resource rural setting in India.

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Siddhartha Saha

Full Text Available To estimate rates of community-level influenza-like-illness (ILI and influenza-associated ILI in rural north India.During 2011, we conducted household-based healthcare utilization surveys (HUS for any acute medical illness (AMI in preceding 14days among residents of 28villages of Ballabgarh, in north India. Concurrently, we conducted clinic-based surveillance (CBS in the area for AMI episodes with illness onset ≤3days and collected nasal and throat swabs for influenza virus testing using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Retrospectively, we applied ILI case definition (measured/reported fever and cough to HUS and CBS data. We attributed 14days of risk-time per person surveyed in HUS and estimated community ILI rate by dividing the number of ILI cases in HUS by total risk-time. We used CBS data on influenza positivity and applied it to HUS-based community ILI rates by age, month, and clinic type, to estimate the community influenza-associated ILI rates.The HUS of 69,369 residents during the year generated risk-time of 3945 person-years (p-y and identified 150 (5%, 95%CI: 4-6 ILI episodes (38 ILI episodes/1,000 p-y; 95% CI 32-44. Among 1,372 ILI cases enrolled from clinics, 126 (9%; 95% CI 8-11 had laboratory-confirmed influenza (A (H3N2 = 72; B = 54. After adjusting for age, month, and clinic type, overall influenza-associated ILI rate was 4.8/1,000 p-y; rates were highest among children <5 years (13; 95% CI: 4-29 and persons≥60 years (11; 95%CI: 2-30.We present a novel way to use HUS and CBS data to generate estimates of community burden of influenza. Although the confidence intervals overlapped considerably, higher point estimates for burden among young children and older adults shows the utility for exploring the value of influenza vaccination among target groups.

Kendini değerlendirme ve sınav performansı arasındaki ilişki ile sınav kaygısının sınav performansını yordama etkisinin incelenmesi

OpenAIRE

Dalkıran, Esra

2015-01-01

Bu araştırma, kendini değerlendirme yöntemini kullanarak öz yeterlik düzeyleri gözlemi yapmak ve sınav kaygısının kendini değerlendirme performansı üzerine etkisini tespit etmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu araştırma, çalgı eğitiminde performansın değerlendirilmesi ile öğrencinin kendini değerlendirmesi arasındaki ilişkiyi ve sınav kaygısının sınav performansını yordama etkisini belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmanın araştırma grubunu 2014-2015 güz yarıyılında Müzik Öğretmenliği Bölümünde öğrenim...

Blood Pyrrole-Protein Adducts--A Biomarker of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid-Induced Liver Injury in Humans.

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Ruan, Jianqing; Gao, Hong; Li, Na; Xue, Junyi; Chen, Jie; Ke, Changqiang; Ye, Yang; Fu, Peter Pi-Cheng; Zheng, Jiang; Wang, Jiyao; Lin, Ge

2015-01-01

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) induce liver injury (PA-ILI) and is very likely to contribute significantly to drug-induced liver injury (DILI). In this study we used a newly developed ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS)-based method to detect and quantitate blood pyrrole-protein adducts in DILI patients. Among the 46 suspected DILI patients, 15 were identified as PA-ILI by the identification of PA-containing herbs exposed. Blood pyrrole-protein adducts were detected in all PA-ILI patients (100%). These results confirm that PA-ILI is one of the major causes of DILI and that blood pyrrole-protein adducts quantitated by the newly developed UHPLC-MS method can serve as a specific biomarker of PA-ILI.

Hospital triage system for adult patients using an influenza-like illness scoring system during the 2009 pandemic--Mexico.

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Eduardo Rodriguez-Noriega

2010-05-01

Full Text Available Pandemic influenza A (H1N1 virus emerged during 2009. To help clinicians triage adults with acute respiratory illness, a scoring system for influenza-like illness (ILI was implemented at Hospital Civil de Guadalajara, Mexico.A medical history, laboratory and radiology results were collected on emergency room (ER patients with acute respiratory illness to calculate an ILI-score. Patients were evaluated for admission by their ILI-score and clinicians' assessment of risk for developing complications. Nasal and throat swabs were collected from intermediate and high-risk patients for influenza testing by RT-PCR. The disposition and ILI-score of those oseltamivir-treated versus untreated, clinical characteristics of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1 patients versus test-negative patients were compared by Pearson's Chi(2, Fisher's Exact, and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests.Of 1840 ER patients, 230 were initially hospitalized (mean ILI-score = 15, and the rest were discharged, including 286 ambulatory patients given oseltamivir (median ILI-score = 11, and 1324 untreated (median ILI-score = 5. Fourteen (1% untreated patients returned, and 3 were hospitalized on oseltamivir (median ILI-score = 19. Of 371 patients tested by RT-PCR, 104 (28% had pandemic influenza and 42 (11% had seasonal influenza A detected. Twenty (91% of 22 imaged hospitalized pandemic influenza patients had bilateral infiltrates compared to 23 (38% of 61 imaged hospital test-negative patients (p<0.001. One patient with confirmed pandemic influenza presented 6 days after symptom onset, required mechanical ventilation, and died.The triaging system that used an ILI-score complimented clinicians' judgment of who needed oseltamivir and inpatient care and helped hospital staff manage a surge in demand for services.

A justiça das vítimas: fundamento razões para agir (ou como Lewis Carroll nos ajudou a entender também os raciocínios práticos

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Azevedo, Marco Antônio Oliveira de

2007-01-01

Na última parte do artigo, destaco algumas outras confusões acerca do significado do termo ‘dever’ tal como esse termo é empregado usualmente em conclusões de raciocínios práticos. Numa referência a Stanley Cavell, sustentarei que o termo ‘dever’ serve-nos, nessa condição, de modo de apresentação do conteúdo das premissas que temos ou das razões que oferecemos para agir de uma certa maneira. Sendo assim, o termo ‘dever’, que usamos para apresentar a conclusão de um raciocínio prático, não pode ser interpretado, de maneira simplista (tal como fazem os defensores de visões kantianas sobre a ética, como tendo o mesmo sentido que o termo ‘obrigação’, cujo significado é mais estrito

5 February 2010: Romanian Former Minister of Justice V. Stoica (4th from left) visiting SM18 with, from left to right, University of Bucharest Faculty of Physics A. Costescu, DESY Hamburg C. Diaconu; Mrs Valeriu Stoica; Université de Montpellier II S. Ciulli; Technology Department Vacuum, Surfaces and Coatings group S. Ilie; Technology Department Head F. Bordry and Adviser for Russian Federation, Central and Eastern Europe T. Kurtyka.

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Maximilien Brice

2010-01-01

5 February 2010: Romanian Former Minister of Justice V. Stoica (4th from left) visiting SM18 with, from left to right, University of Bucharest Faculty of Physics A. Costescu, DESY Hamburg C. Diaconu; Mrs Valeriu Stoica; Université de Montpellier II S. Ciulli; Technology Department Vacuum, Surfaces and Coatings group S. Ilie; Technology Department Head F. Bordry and Adviser for Russian Federation, Central and Eastern Europe T. Kurtyka.

Razão e emoção: uma leitura analítico-comportamental de avanços recentes nas neurociências Reason and emotion: a behavior-analytic interpretation of recent advances in neurosciences

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Rosângela Araújo Darwich

2005-08-01

Full Text Available Achados recentes das neurociências apresentam uma visão integrada do funcionamento humano que envolve a presença de relações entre os grandes sistemas orgânicos, entre estados fisiológicos e cognitivos e entre razão e emoção. Este artigo objetiva contrastar tais estudos a aspectos centrais do modelo interpretativo skinneriano, destacando o papel de relações entre processos respondentes e operantes para a compreensão da interdependência entre razão e emoção. Investiga-se a importância de respostas emocionais e do comportamento verbal para a expressão de respostas tidas como racionais e, de uma maneira geral, para a seleção do repertório comportamental, verbal e não-verbal. Ressalta-se que o atual movimento de superação de propostas dualistas de compreensão do ser humano pelas neurociências aproxima-se da perspectiva analítico-comportamental de investigação de respostas abertas e encobertas no contexto de relações indivíduo-ambiente.Recent findings of the neurosciences present an integrated view of the human functioning, one that encompasses the relationships among the great organic systems, between physiological and cognitive states and between reason and emotion. The aim of this paper is to contrast such studies with central aspects of the Skinnerian explanatory system, highlighting the role of relations between respondent and operant processes for an understanding of the interdependence between reason and emotion. The importance of emotional responses and verbal behavior for rational responding and, moreover, for the selection of verbal and non-verbal behavioral repertoire, is discussed. It is argued that the current movement in the neurosciences towards overcoming dualistic views of the human being is compatible with the behavior-analytic approach to overt and covert responses in the context of individual-environment relations.

A placebo-controlled trial of Korean red ginseng extract for preventing Influenza-like illness in healthy adults

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Ha Ki-Chan

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Abstracts Background Standardized Korean red ginseng extract has become the best-selling influenza-like illness (ILI remedy in Korea, yet much controversy regarding the efficacy of the Korean red ginseng (KRG in reducing ILI incidence remains. The aim of the study is to assess the efficacy of the KRG extract on the ILI incidence in healthy adults. Methods/Design We will conduct a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study at the onset of the influenza seasons. A total of 100 subjects 30-70 years of age will be recruited from the general populations. The subjects will be instructed to take 9 capsules per day of either the KRG extract or a placebo for a period of 3 months. The primary outcome measure is to assess the frequency of ILI onset in participated subjects. Secondary variable measures will be included severity and duration of ILI symptoms. The ILI symptoms will be scored by subjects using a 4-point scale. Discussion This study is a randomized placebo controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of the KRG extract compared to placebo and will be provided valuable new information about the clinical and physiological effects of the KRG extract on reduction of ILI incidence including flu and upper respiratory tract infections. The study has been pragmatically designed to ensure that the study findings can be implemented into clinical practice if KRG extract can be shown to be an effective reduction strategy in ILI incidence. Trial Registration NCT01478009.

Eight years of the Great Influenza Survey to monitor influenza-like illness in Flanders.

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Yannick Vandendijck

Full Text Available In 2003, an internet-based monitoring system of influenza-like illness (ILI, the Great Influenza Survey (GIS, was initiated in Belgium. For the Flemish part of Belgium, we investigate the representativeness of the GIS population and assess the validity of the survey in terms of ILI incidence during eight influenza seasons (from 2003 through 2011. The validity is investigated by comparing estimated ILI incidences from the GIS with recorded incidences from two other monitoring systems, (i the Belgian Sentinel Network and (ii the Google Flu Trends, and by performing a risk factor analysis to investigate whether the risks on acquiring ILI in the GIS population are comparable with results in the literature. A random walk model of first order is used to estimate ILI incidence trends based on the GIS. Good to excellent correspondence is observed between the estimated ILI trends in the GIS and the recorded trends in the Sentinel Network and the Google Flu Trends. The results of the risk factor analysis are in line with the literature. In conclusion, the GIS is a useful additional surveillance network for ILI monitoring in Flanders. The advantages are the speed at which information is available and the fact that data is gathered directly in the community at an individual level.

Personality, psychological stress, and self-reported influenza symptomatology

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Croon Marcel A

2007-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Psychological stress and negative mood have been related to increased vulnerability to influenza-like illness (ILI. This prospective study re-evaluated the predictive value of perceived stress for self-reported ILI. We additionally explored the role of the negative affectivity and social inhibition traits. Methods In this study, 5,404 respondents from the general population were assessed in terms of perceived stress, personality, and control variables (vaccination, vitamin use, exercise, etc.. ILI were registered weekly using self-report measures during a follow-up period of four weeks. Results Multivariable logistic regression analysis on ILI was performed to test the predictive power of stress and personality. In this model, negative affectivity (OR = 1.05, p = 0.009, social inhibition (OR = 0.97, p = 0.011, and perceived stress (OR = 1.03, p = 0.048 predicted ILI reporting. Having a history of asthma (OR = 2.33, p = Conclusion Elderly and socially inhibited persons tend to report less ILI as compared to their younger and less socially inhibited counterparts. In contrast, asthma, trait negative affectivity, and perceived stress were associated with higher self-report of ILI. Our results demonstrate the importance of including trait markers in future studies examining the relation between stress and self-report symptom measures.

Eğitim yöneticilerinin hizmetkâr liderlik yeterlikleri ile farklılıkları yönetme becerileri arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between servant leadership competences and diversity management skills among education managers

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Refik BALAY

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışmanın amacı, öğretmen ve yönetici görüşlerine göre eğitim kurumlarında görev yapan yöneticilerin hizmetkâr liderlik yeterlikleri ile farklılıkları yönetme becerileri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir. Araştırma, tarama modelinde desenlenmiştir. Çalışmada veriler, Hizmetkâr Liderlik Ölçeği (HLÖ ve Farklılıkların Yönetimi Ölçeği (FYÖ ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi 90 yönetici ve 172 öğretmen olmak üzere 262 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada, yöneticilerin hizmetkâr liderlik yeterlikleri ile farklılıkları yönetme becerilerinin orta düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda katılımcı algılarına göre, eğitim yöneticilerinin hizmetkâr liderlik yeterliklerinin, görev türü ve yaş değişkenlerine göre anlamlı düzeyde farklılık gösterdiği; farklılıkları yönetme becerilerinin ise cinsiyet, görev türü, yaş, mesleki hizmet yılı ve kurumda bulunan çalışan sayısı değişkenlerine göre anlamlı düzeyde farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Son olarak, yöneticilerin hizmetkâr liderlik yeterlikleri ile farklılıkları yönetme becerileri arasında ortanın üstünde, yüksek düzeye yakın pozitif yönde bir ilişkinin olduğu belirlenmiştir.

U teatra "Ilmarine" takogo diploma jeshtsho ne bõlo! / Jekaterina Moskalenko

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Moskalenko, Jekaterina

2000-01-01

Petrozavodski Rahvusvaheline Kammerlavastuste festivalil (Karjala) sai Narva linnateater "Ilmarine" näidendiga "Brõss v preispodnjuju" kaks diplomit. Muinasjutt-näidendi kohandas Helle Laasi jutustuse järgi teatrile P. Rimski. Lavastaja Juri Mihhaljov

Comparison of outpatient medically attended and community-level influenza-like illness-New York City, 2013-2015.

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Russell, Kate E; Fowlkes, Ashley; Stockwell, Melissa S; Vargas, Celibell Y; Saiman, Lisa; Larson, Elaine L; LaRussa, Philip; Di Lonardo, Steve; Popowich, Michael; St George, Kirsten; Steffens, Andrea; Reed, Carrie

2018-05-01

Surveillance of influenza-like illness (ILI) in the United States is primarily conducted through medical settings despite a significant burden of non-medically attended ILI. To assess consistency between surveillance for respiratory viruses in outpatient and community settings using ILI surveillance from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Influenza Incidence Surveillance Project (IISP) and the Mobile Surveillance for Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) and Influenza-Like Illness in the Community (MoSAIC) Study. The Influenza Incidence Surveillance Project conducts ILI surveillance in 3 primary care clinics in New York City, and MoSAIC conducts community-based ILI/ARI surveillance through text messaging among a cohort of New York City residents. Both systems obtain respiratory specimens from participants with ILI/ARI and test for multiple pathogens. We conducted a retrospective review of ILI cases in IISP and MoSAIC from January 2013 to May 2015 with descriptive analyses of clinical and laboratory data. Five-hundred twelve MoSAIC and 669 IISP participants met an ILI criteria (fever with cough or sore throat) and were included. Forty percent of MoSAIC participants sought care; the majority primary care. Pathogens were detected in 63% of MoSAIC and 70% of IISP cases. The relative distribution of influenza and other respiratory viruses detected was similar; however, there were statistically significant differences in the frequency that were not explained by care seeking. Outpatient and community-based surveillance in the one found similar timing and relative distribution of respiratory viruses, but community surveillance in a single neighborhood may not fully capture the variations in ILI etiology that occur more broadly. Published 2018. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Evli erkeklerde eşlerine yönelik şiddet ve ilişkili etmenler/Spouse violence and related factors in married men

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Guljan Dönmez

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı 25-49 yaş arası evli erkeklerde eşlerine yönelik şiddet uygulama durumunun, türlerinin ve etkileyen etmenlerin belirlenmesidir. Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki çalışmanın evreni, İzmir’in Konak İlçesi’nde bulunan Esentepe Sağlık Ocağı Bölgesi’nde yaşayan 25-49 yaş arası 2615 evli erkektir. Sistematik örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 254 kişiye ulaşılmıştır. Bağımlı değişken olan şiddet varlığı “Yeniden Gözden Geçirilen Çatışma Taktikleri Ölçeği” (The Revised Conflict Tactics Scales=CTS 2 ile belirlenmiştir. Bağımsız değişkenler erkeğe ve eşine ilişkin sosyodemografik değişkenler, evliliğe ve aileye, sağlık durumuna, cinsel yaşama ilişkin özelliklerdir. Veri t Testi, Ki-kare, Lojistik Regresyon Analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Bulgular: Eşe yönelik psikolojik şiddet sıklığı %93, fiziksel şiddet %37.5, ekonomik şiddet %34.4, cinsel şiddet %3.9 olarak saptanmıştır. Psikolojik şiddete maruziyet, ortaokul ve üzeri öğrenimli kadınlarda anlamlı olarak daha fazladır. Erkeklerin işsiz olması ya da düzensiz işlerde çalışması, haftada birkaç kez ya da her gün alkol kullanması, istenmeyen gebelik varlığı, kadının 25-34 yaş grubunda olması fiziksel şiddette belirleyici etmenler olarak saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Eşleri tarafından kadına yönelik olarak uygulanan psikolojik şiddet sıklığı beklenenden çok yüksek bulunmuştur. Üç erkekten biri ekonomik ve fiziksel şiddet uygulamaktadır. Cinsel şiddet düşük saptanmasına karşın sorunun daha büyük boyutlarda olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Aile içi şiddet, toplumsal cinsiyet, kadın sağlığı Spouse violence and related factors in married men Objective:The purpose of this study is to examine the presence, patterns and related factors of spouse violence among 25-49 years old men. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in the

Razões entre componentes da variabilidade de características quantitativas simuladas com efeitos genéticos de dominância e sobredominância Ratios between variability components of simulated quantitative traits with genetic effects of dominance and overdominance

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Elizângela Emídio Cunha

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Foram avaliadas as razões entre componentes da variabilidade de características quantitativas simuladas a partir de genoma incorporando efeitos genéticos não-aditivos em populações de acasalamento ao acaso e de seleção fenotípica a curto prazo. Estudaram-se uma característica de baixa (h² = 0,10 e outra de alta herdabilidade (h² = 0,60 influenciadas por 600 locos bialélicos. Cinco modelos de ação gênica foram simulados, dos quais quatro incluíram dominância completa e positiva para 25, 50, 75 e 100% dos locos (D25, D50, D75 e D100, respectivamente; e um modelo incluiu sobredominância positiva para 50% dos locos. Todos os modelos incluíram efeitos aditivos dos alelos para 100% dos locos. As principais razões quantificadas foram d² (variância de dominância/variância fenotípica e d²a (variância de dominância/variância aditiva. Para as duas características, d² e d²a aumentaram de acordo com o acréscimo na variância de dominância, decorrente da inclusão crescente de locos com desvio da dominância e sob sobredominância. No mesmo modelo, ambas as razões, sobretudo d², são mais elevadas sob alta herdabilidade, o que indica que os efeitos da dominância explicam a maior parte da variabilidade total dessa característica sob seleção.Ratios were assessed between variability components of quantitative traits simulated from the genome incorporating non-additive genetic effects in random mating populations and short-term phenotypic selection. A trait of low (h² = 0.10 heritability and another of high (h² = 0.60 heritability were studied, both influenced by 600 bi-allelic loci. Five gene action models were simulated, of which four included complete and positive dominance for 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the loci (D25, D50, D75 and D100, respectively; and one model included positive overdominance for 50% of the loci. Every model included additive effects of the alleles for 100% of the loci. The main quantified ratios were

Estimating burden of influenza-associated influenza-like illness and severe acute respiratory infection at public healthcare facilities in Romania during the 2011/12-2015/16 influenza seasons.

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Gefenaite, Giedre; Pistol, Adriana; Popescu, Rodica; Popovici, Odette; Ciurea, Daniel; Dolk, Christiaan; Jit, Mark; Gross, Diane

2018-01-01

Influenza is responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality, but there is limited information on reliable disease burden estimates, especially from middle-income countries in the WHO European Region. To estimate the incidence of medically attended influenza-associated influenza-like illness (ILI) and hospitalizations due to severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) presenting to public healthcare facilities in Romania. Sentinel influenza surveillance data for ILI and SARI from 2011/12-2015/16, including virological data, were used to estimate influenza-associated ILI and SARI incidence/100 000 and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The overall annual incidence of ILI and influenza-associated ILI per 100 000 persons in Romania varied between 68 (95% CI: 61-76) and 318 (95% CI: 298-338) and between 23 (95% CI: 19-29) and 189 (95% CI: 149-240), respectively. The highest ILI and influenza incidence was among children aged 0-4 years. We estimated that SARI incidence per 100 000 persons was 6 (95% CI: 5-7) to 9 (95% CI: 8-10), of which 2 (95% CI: 1-2) to 3 (95% CI: 2-4) were due to influenza. Up to 0.3% of the Romanian population were annually reported with ILI, and 0.01% was hospitalized with SARI, of which as much as one-third could be explained by influenza. This evaluation was the first study estimating influenza burden in Romania. We found that during each influenza season, a substantial number of persons in Romania suffer from influenza-related ILI or are hospitalized due to influenza-associated SARI. © 2017 The World Health Organization. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Influenza like illness monitoring in adults of the State Capitals and Federal District in Brazil by telephone survey.

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Reis, Priscilleyne Ouverney; Iser, Betine Pinto Moehlecke; Souza, Líbia Roberta de Oliveira; Yokota, Renata Tiene de Carvalho; de Almeida, Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira; Bernal, Regina Tomie Ivata; Malta, Deborah Carvalho; de Oliveira, Wanderson Kleber; Penna, Gerson Oliveira

2011-09-01

In order to estimate the prevalence of influenza like illness (ILI) in adults from all state capitals and geographic regions in Brazil, a periodical monitoring of ILI cases by the national telephone survey (VIGITEL) was carried out in 2010. A cross-sectional study with 47,876 telephone interviews in the state capitals and Federal District, a probabilistic sample of adult population (>18 years-old) with landline telephone. Questions concerning the results of ILI cases and pandemic influenza (H1N1) 2009, from January 10 to November 30, were analyzed. The proportion of cases stratified by sociodemographic characteristics and Brazilian geographic region was weighted with data from the National Survey with Household Sampling (PNAD) 2008. The prevalence of ILI cases in the last 30 days before interview was 31.2% (95%CI 30.2-32.2%) for all state capitals and the Federal District. This prevalence was higher among women, young adults (18 to 29 years-old) and individuals with 9 to 11 years of schooling. According to the geographic region analysis, Northern Brazil presented the highest prevalence of ILI cases. A tendency to increase with further decrease was observed among the geographic regions, except the Northeast. Need for health care assistance was reported by 26.8% (95%CI 25.1-28.5) from ILI cases. Among ILI cases that sought health care assistance, 2.6% (95%CI 1.8-3.4) reported pandemic influenza (H1N1) 2009 medical suspicion. The results of this survey supported influenza surveillance as it provided timeliness and useful surveillance information, which were not captured by the traditional surveillance system, as the occurrence of ILI and need of health care assistance.

OMREŽNA STIKALA IN KOMUTACIJA LAN/WAN

OpenAIRE

Prosenjak, Danijel

2010-01-01

Diplomska naloga obravnava koncepte komutacije. Osredotočili se bomo na lokalna omrežja. Podrobneje bomo preučili različice protokola vpetega drevesa in primere le-tega. V naslednjih poglavjih so obravnavana virtualna lokalna omrežja in VLAN povezovalni protokol. Na kratko bomo preučili komutacijo OSI plasti L3, prožnost omrežja in varnost omrežnih stikal.

Análise de sensibilidade dos métodos de estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência e razão de Bowen em cultura da cana-de-açúcar Sensitivity analysis of methods for estimating reference evapotranspiration and sugarcane evapotranspiration

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Bruce K. N Silva

2011-10-01

Full Text Available A técnica de análise de sensibilidade de modelos foi aplicada nos dados obtidos em experimento de campo conduzido no ano de 2009, na Destilaria Miriri, localizada no município de Capim, PB, e aos dados de evapotranspiração de referência (ETo, obtidos pela equação de Penman-Monteith (FAO/56, e da evapotranspiração da cultura da cana-de-açúcar (ETc, obtidos pelo balanço de energia com base na razão de Bowen. As análises de sensibilidade e de erros foram aplicadas ao método da razão de Bowen para os intervalos de medição de 15, 30, 60 e 120 minutos enquanto o método de Penman-Monteith foi aplicado para a escala diária durante o ano de 2009. Os resultados evidenciam que o saldo de radiação é a variável mais sensitiva no cálculo do balanço de energia, enquanto o fluxo de calor no solo oferece a menor contribuição; já os erros relativos de todas as variáveis envolvidas do cálculo balanço de energia baseado na razão de Bowen aumentaram significativamente com o aumento do intervalo de amostragem. A variável mais sensível na determinação da ETo pelo método de Penman-Monteith é o saldo de radiação seguida da umidade relativa, velocidade do vento a 2m de altura e a temperatura média do ar.The sensitivity analysis technique of models was applied to the data obtained from field experiment carried out during 2009 at Distillery Miriri, Capim, PB. This technique was applied to the reference evapotranspiration (ETo by Penman-Monteith (FAO/56 and the sugarcane evapotranspiration (ETc by energy balance equation based on Bowen ratio. The sensitivity analysis and errors were applied to the Bowen ratio method in measurement intervals of 15, 30, 60 and 120 min; however Penman-Monteith approach was applied on daily basis throughout the 2009 year. Results showed that the net radiation is the most sensitive variable in the energy equation balance and soil heat flux offers the lowest contribution. On the other hand, the relative

LANL* V1.0: a radiation belt drift shell model suitable for real-time and reanalysis applications

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J. Koller

2009-07-01

Full Text Available We describe here a new method for calculating the magnetic drift invariant, <i>L*>, that is used for modeling radiation belt dynamics and for other space weather applications. <i>L*> (pronounced L-star is directly proportional to the integral of the magnetic flux contained within the surface defined by a charged particle moving in the Earth's geomagnetic field. Under adiabatic changes to the geomagnetic field <i>L*> is a conserved quantity, while under quasi-adiabatic fluctuations diffusion (with respect to a particle's <i>L*> is the primary term in equations of particle dynamics. In particular the equations of motion for the very energetic particles that populate the Earth's radiation belts are most commonly expressed by diffusion in three dimensions: <i>L*>, energy (or momentum, and pitch angle (the dot product of velocity and the magnetic field vector. Expressing dynamics in these coordinates reduces the dimensionality of the problem by referencing the particle distribution functions to values at the magnetic equatorial point of a magnetic "drift shell" (or L-shell irrespective of local time (or longitude. While the use of <i>L*> aids in simplifying the equations of motion, practical applications such as space weather forecasting using realistic geomagnetic fields require sophisticated magnetic field models that, in turn, require computationally intensive numerical integration. Typically a single <i>L*> calculation can require on the order of 10⁵ calls to a magnetic field model and each point in the simulation domain and each calculated pitch angle has a different value of <i>L*>. We describe here the development and validation of a neural network surrogate model for calculating <i>L*> in sophisticated geomagnetic field models with a high degree of fidelity at computational speeds that are millions of times faster than direct numerical field line mapping and integration. This new surrogate model has

Seasonality of absolute humidity explains seasonality of influenza-like illness in Vietnam.

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Thai, Pham Quang; Choisy, Marc; Duong, Tran Nhu; Thiem, Vu Dinh; Yen, Nguyen Thu; Hien, Nguyen Tran; Weiss, Daniel J; Boni, Maciej F; Horby, Peter

2015-12-01

Experimental and ecological studies have shown the role of climatic factors in driving the epidemiology of influenza. In particular, low absolute humidity (AH) has been shown to increase influenza virus transmissibility and has been identified to explain the onset of epidemics in temperate regions. Here, we aim to study the potential climatic drivers of influenza-like illness (ILI) epidemiology in Vietnam, a tropical country characterized by a high diversity of climates. We specifically focus on quantifying and explaining the seasonality of ILI. We used 18 years (1993-2010) of monthly ILI notifications aggregated by province (52) and monthly climatic variables (minimum, mean, maximum temperatures, absolute and relative humidities, rainfall and hours of sunshine) from 67 weather stations across Vietnam. Seasonalities were quantified from global wavelet spectra, using the value of the power at the period of 1 year as a measure of the intensity of seasonality. The 7 climatic time series were characterized by 534 summary statistics which were entered into a regression tree to identify factors associated with the seasonality of AH. Results were extrapolated to the global scale using simulated climatic times series from the NCEP/NCAR project. The intensity of ILI seasonality in Vietnam is best explained by the intensity of AH seasonality. We find that ILI seasonality is weak in provinces experiencing weak seasonal fluctuations in AH (annual power power >17.6). In Vietnam, AH and ILI are positively correlated. Our results identify a role for AH in driving the epidemiology of ILI in a tropical setting. However, in contrast to temperate regions, high rather than low AH is associated with increased ILI activity. Fluctuation in AH may be the climate factor that underlies and unifies the seasonality of ILI in both temperate and tropical regions. Alternatively, the mechanism of action of AH on disease transmission may be different in cold-dry versus hot-humid settings

Demonstrating the use of high-volume electronic medical claims data to monitor local and regional influenza activity in the US.

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Cécile Viboud

Full Text Available Fine-grained influenza surveillance data are lacking in the US, hampering our ability to monitor disease spread at a local scale. Here we evaluate the performances of high-volume electronic medical claims data to assess local and regional influenza activity.We used electronic medical claims data compiled by IMS Health in 480 US locations to create weekly regional influenza-like-illness (ILI time series during 2003-2010. IMS Health captured 62% of US outpatient visits in 2009. We studied the performances of IMS-ILI indicators against reference influenza surveillance datasets, including CDC-ILI outpatient and laboratory-confirmed influenza data. We estimated correlation in weekly incidences, peak timing and seasonal intensity across datasets, stratified by 10 regions and four age groups (<5, 5-29, 30-59, and 60+ years. To test IMS-Health performances at the city level, we compared IMS-ILI indicators to syndromic surveillance data for New York City. We also used control data on laboratory-confirmed Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV activity to test the specificity of IMS-ILI for influenza surveillance.Regional IMS-ILI indicators were highly synchronous with CDC's reference influenza surveillance data (Pearson correlation coefficients rho≥0.89; range across regions, 0.80-0.97, P<0.001. Seasonal intensity estimates were weakly correlated across datasets in all age data (rho≤0.52, moderately correlated among adults (rho≥0.64 and uncorrelated among school-age children. IMS-ILI indicators were more correlated with reference influenza data than control RSV indicators (rho = 0.93 with influenza v. rho = 0.33 with RSV, P<0.05. City-level IMS-ILI indicators were highly consistent with reference syndromic data (rho≥0.86.Medical claims-based ILI indicators accurately capture weekly fluctuations in influenza activity in all US regions during inter-pandemic and pandemic seasons, and can be broken down by age groups and fine geographical areas

Meditaciones postmodernas sobre el castigo: acerca de los límites de la razón y de las virtudes de la aleatoriedad (una polémica y un manifiesto para el siglo XXI

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Bernard E. Harcourt

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Durante la Modernidad, el discurso sobre la pena ha girado circularmente en torno a tres grupos de interrogantes. El primero, surgido de la propia Ilustración, preguntaba: ¿En qué basa el soberano su derecho de penar? Nietzsche con mayor determinación, pero también otros, argumentaron que la propia pregunta implicaba ya su respuesta. Con el nacimiento de las ciencias sociales, este escepticismo hizo surgir un segundo conjunto de interrogantes: ¿Cuál es, entonces, la verdadera función de la pena? ¿Qué es lo que hacemos cuando penamos? Una serie de críticas ulteriores –de metanarrativas, funcionalistas o de objetividad científica- debilitaron esta segunda línea de indagación, y contribuyeron a dar forma a un tercer conjunto de interrogantes: ¿Qué nos cuenta la pena de nosotros mismos y de nuestra cultura? ¿Qué está sucediendo que nos permita ver lo que se halla tras el giro cultural? ¿Qué interrogantes podemos –nosotros, hijos del Siglo XXI– formular en relación con nuestras prácticas e instituciones punitivas? Este ensayo argumenta que debemos abandonar el desorientado proyecto de la modernidad, reconocer de una vez y definitivamente los límites de la razón, y orientarnos hacia la aleatoriedad y el azar. En todos los textos modernos llegó siempre un momento en el que los hechos empíricos se agotaron y las deducciones de principio alcanzaron su límite –o ambas situaciones a la vez– y el razonamiento simplemente continuó. Más que continuar asumiendo estas profesiones de fe, el presente ensayo argumenta que debemos reconocer los límites críticos de la razón y, cada vez que los alcancemos, confiar en la aleatoriedad. Donde los hechos se agotan, donde nuestros principios ya no nos guían, debemos dejar la toma de decisión al lanzamiento de moneda, a los dados, a la lotería –en suma, al azar. Este ensayo comienza a explorar lo que ello pueda significar en el ámbito del delito y de la pena.

Meditaciones postmodernas sobre el castigo: acerca de los límites de la razón y de las virtudes de la aleatoriedad (una polémica y un manifiesto para el siglo XXI

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Bernard E. Harcourt

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Durante la Modernidad, el discurso sobre la pena ha girado circularmente en torno a tres grupos de interrogantes. El primero, surgido de la propia Ilustración, preguntaba: ¿En qué basa el soberano su derecho de penar? Nietzsche con mayor determinación, pero también otros, argumentaron que la propia pregunta implicaba ya su respuesta. Con el nacimiento de las ciencias sociales, este escepticismo hizo surgir un segundo conjunto de interrogantes: ¿Cuál es, entonces, la verdadera función de la pena? ¿Qué es lo que hacemos cuando penamos? Una serie de críticas ulteriores –de metanarrativas, funcionalistas o de objetividad científica- debilitaron esta segunda línea de indagación, y contribuyeron a dar forma a un tercer conjunto de interrogantes: ¿Qué nos cuenta la pena de nosotros mismos y de nuestra cultura? ¿Qué está sucediendo que nos permita ver lo que se halla tras el giro cultural? ¿Qué interrogantes podemos –nosotros, hijos del Siglo XXI– formular en relación con nuestras prácticas e instituciones punitivas? Este ensayo argumenta que debemos abandonar el desorientado proyecto de la modernidad, reconocer de una vez y definitivamente los límites de la razón, y orientarnos hacia la aleatoriedad y el azar. En todos los textos modernos llegó siempre un momento en el que los hechos empíricos se agotaron y las deducciones de principio alcanzaron su límite –o ambas situaciones a la vez– y el razonamiento simplemente continuó. Más que continuar asumiendo estas profesiones de fe, el presente ensayo argumenta que debemos reconocer los límites críticos de la razón y, cada vez que los alcancemos, confiar en la aleatoriedad. Donde los hechos se agotan, donde nuestros principios ya no nos guían, debemos dejar la toma de decisión al lanzamiento de moneda, a los dados, a la lotería –en suma, al azar. Este ensayo comienza a explorar lo que ello pueda significar en el ámbito del delito y de la pena.

Comparison of Influenza Epidemiological and Virological Characteristics between Outpatients and Inpatients in Zhejiang Province, China, March 2011–June 2015

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Wei Cheng

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Given the rapid rate of global spread and consequently healthcare costs related to influenza, surveillance plays an important role in monitoring the emerging pandemics in China. However, the characteristics of influenza in Southeast of China haven’t been fully studied. Our study use the surveillance data collected from 16 sentinel hospitals across Zhejiang Province during March 2011 through June 2015, including the demographic information and respiratory specimens from influenza-like illness (ILI patients and severe acute respiratory illness (SARI patients. As analysis results, most SARI and ILI patients were in the age group of 0–4 years old (62.38% of ILI and 71.54% of SARI. The respiratory specimens have statistically significantly higher positive rate for influenza among ILI patients than that among SARI patients (p < 0.001. The comparison between ILI patients and SARI patients shows no statistically significantly difference in detecting influenza virus type and influenza A virus subtype. The SARI and ILI patients were found to be positively correlated for overall positive rate (r = 0.63, p < 0.001, the weekly percentage of A(H1N1pdm09 (r = 0.51, p < 0.001, influenza B virus (r = 0.17, p = 0.013, and A/H3N2 (r = 0.43, p < 0.001 among all the positive numbers. Our study demonstrated that the activities of influenza virus, including its subtypes, had a similar temporal pattern between ILI and SARI cases.

Influência do agente de cloração do catalisador à base de veodímio e da razão molar Cl: Nd na polimerização do butadieno Influence of the chlorinating agent of neodymium based catalysts and Cl: Nd molar ratio on butadiene polymerization

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Cintia N. Ferreira

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho foi utilizado um sistema catalítico composto por hidreto de diisobutilalumínio (DIBAH, versatato de neodímio (NdV e um agente de cloração para avaliar a influência da fonte de cloro e da razão molar Cl:Nd nas características da reação de polimerização (conversão e constante de velocidade de propagação e do polibutadieno (massa molecular e microestrutura. Os agentes de cloração estudados foram cloreto de t-butila (t-BuCl, sesquicloreto de etilalumínio (EASC e cloreto de dietilalumínio (DEAC. As razões molares Cl:Nd utilizadas foram: 1:1, 3:1 e 5:1 para o t-BuCl; 0,5:1, 1:1 e 3:1 para o EASC e 1:1, 1,5:1, 3:1 e 5:1 para o DEAC. Foi observada a existência, para cada agente de cloração, de um valor ótimo de razão molar Cl:Nd para o qual a conversão foi máxima. O DEAC apresentou uma maior conversão em relação aos outros agentes de cloração; em contrapartida, o t-BuCl produziu polibutadienos com maior teor de unidades 1,4-cis e maior massa molecular (n e wIn this work catalyst systems consisting of diisobutylaluminium hydride (DIBAH, neodymium versatate (NdV and a chlorinating agent were employed to study the influence of the chloride source and Cl:Nd molar ratio on 1,3-butadiene polymerization and polybutadiene's characteristics (molecular weight and microstructure. The chloride sources studied were t-butyl chloride, ethylaluminium sesquichloride (EASC and diethylaluminium chloride (DEAC. The Cl:Nd molar ratios used were 1:1, 3:1 e 5:1 for t-butyl chloride; 0.5:1, 1:1 and 3:1 for EASC and 1:1, 1.5:1, 3:1 and 5:1 for DEAC. A maximum value of Cl:Nd molar ratio exists. Moreover, DEAC showed to be more reactive than EASC and t-BuCl but t-BuCl produced higher molecular weight and cis-1,4 units contents.

La internación psiquiátrica por razón penal en España: ejecución de la medida en el ámbito penitenciario

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Luis Fernando Barrios Flores

2015-04-01

Full Text Available La inimputabilidad o semiimputabilidad del sujeto aquejado de un trastorno psíquico que comete una infracción penal, es asumida por la mayoría de las naciones desde antiguo, aunque las respuestas penales ante tal tipo de conductas difieren de manera considerable. El objetivo es analizar la ejecución de medidas de seguridad privativas de libertad (internación/internamiento en España, para sujetos inimputables del delito por razón de trastorno psíquico y para aquellos con trastorno psíquico sobrevenido a la sentencia. El Método seguido ha consistido en estudiar la normativa aplicable a dichas medidas y la práctica de su ejecución, con especial mención a la implementación de determinados programas de tratamiento. Los resultados obtenidos ponen de relieve la existencia de un aceptable marco normativo, que incluye numerosas alternativas al internamiento, y el éxito del Programa de "Salidas Terapéuticas". Se concluye que: a el marco legal es el adecuado, aunque demanda reformas en la esfera del control judicial; b es plausible continuar con el programa de salidas de pacientes, y c es preciso reforzar los mecanismos y recursos de rehabilitación social pospenitenciaria.

Prevalence and Incidence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Other Respiratory Viral Infections in Children Aged 6 Months to 10 Years With Influenza-like Illness Enrolled in a Randomized Trial

Science.gov (United States)

Nolan, Terry; Borja-Tabora, Charissa; Lopez, Pio; Weckx, Lily; Ulloa-Gutierrez, Rolando; Lazcano-Ponce, Eduardo; Kerdpanich, Angkool; Weber, Miguel Angel Rodriguez; Mascareñas de Los Santos, Abiel; Tinoco, Juan-Carlos; Safadi, Marco Aurelio P.; Seng, Lim Fong; Hernandez-de Mezerville, Marcela; Faingezicht, Idis; Cruz-Valdez, Aurelio; Feng, Yang; Li, Ping; Durviaux, Serge; Haars, Gerco; Roy-Ghanta, Sumita; Vaughn, David W.; Taylor, Sylvia

2015-01-01

Background. The high burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated morbidity and mortality makes vaccine development a priority. Methods. As part of an efficacy trial of pandemic influenza vaccines (NCT01051661), RSV epidemiology in healthy children aged 6 months to <10 years at first vaccination with influenza-like illness (ILI) was evaluated in Australia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand between February 2010 and August 2011. Active surveillance for ILI was conducted for approximately 1 year, with nasal and throat swabs analyzed by polymerase chain reaction. The prevalence and incidence of RSV among ILI episodes were calculated. Results. A total of 6266 children were included, of whom 2421 experienced 3717 ILI episodes with a respiratory sample available. RSV was detected for 359 ILI episodes, a prevalence of 9.7% (95% confidence interval: 8.7–10.7). The highest prevalence was in children aged 12–23 or 24–35 months in all countries except the Philippines, where it was in children aged 6–11 months. The incidence of RSV-associated ILI was 7.0 (6.3–7.7) per 100 person-years (PY). Eighty-eight ILI episodes resulted in hospitalization, of which 8 were associated with RSV (prevalence 9.1% [4.0–17.1]; incidence 0.2 [0.1–0.3] per 100 PY). The incidence of RSV-associated ILI resulting in medical attendance was 6.0 (5.4–6.7) per 100 PY. RSV B subtypes were observed more frequently than A subtypes. Conclusions. Active surveillance demonstrated the considerable burden of RSV-associated illness that would not be identified through hospital-based surveillance, with a substantial part of the burden occurring in older infants and children. PMID:25673560

Plan ili propal / Jekaterina Rodina

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Rodina, Jekaterina

2007-01-01

Läbimõtlemata linnaplaneerimisest Tallinnas. "Vaeste-Tiskre" eramajade rajooni elanikud protestivad samasse piirkonda viiekorruseliste korterelamute ehitamise vastu. Elanike protest peatas 24-korruselise elumaja planeeringu kinnitamise Õismäe elurajoonis. Peatati Hiiul Sanatooriumi parki sanatooriumi sildi all valmiva korterelamu ehitustööd

The Fine Temporal Structure of the Rat Licking Pattern: What Causes the Variabiliy in the Interlick Intervals and How is it Affected by the Drinking Solution?

Science.gov (United States)

2013-01-01

Licking is a repetitive behavior controlled by a central pattern generator. Even though interlick intervals (ILIs) within bursts of licks are considered fairly regular, the conditions that affect their variability are unknown. We analyzed the licking pattern in rats that licked water, 10% sucrose solution, or 10% ethanol solution, in 90-min recording sessions after 4h of water deprivation. The histograms of ILIs indicate that licking typically occurred at a preferred ILI of about 130−140ms with evidence of bimodal or multimodal distributions due to occasional licking failures. We found that the longer the pause between bursts of licks, the shorter was the first ILI of the burst. When bursts of licks were preceded by a pause >4 s, the ILI was the shortest (~110ms) at the beginning of the burst, and then it increased rapidly in the first few licks and slowly in subsequent licks. Interestingly, the first ILI of a burst of licks was not significantly different when licking any of the 3 solutions, but subsequent licks exhibited a temporal pattern characteristic of each solution. The rapid deceleration in intraburst licking rate was due to an increase from ~27ms to ~56ms in the tongue-spout contact duration while the intercontact interval was only slightly changed (80−90ms). Therefore, the contact duration seems to be the major factor that increases the variability in the ILIs and could be another means for the rat to adjust the amount of fluid ingested in each individual lick. PMID:23902635

Imaginario femenino en el populismo argentino. Género y nación en La razón de mi vida, de Eva Perón

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Susana Rosano

2014-06-01

Full Text Available En La razón de mi vida, Eva Perón ayuda a construir una imagen de sí misma profundamente atravesada por estrategias de representación melodramáticas. En contraste con la mayoría de las autobiografías femeninas o masculinas, no se trata aquí de un recuento introspectivo. Eva no relata su vida desde el comienzo, desde su infancia. No aprovecha la oportunidad para echar luz sobre las zonas oscuras de su biografía ni para aclarar ninguna de las acusaciones a las que sus reconocidos “supercríticos” la tenían acostumbrada. Se trata, por lo tanto, de una autobiografía sui generis, descentrada, híbrida: el relato de los años de lucha política junto a Perón. De esta manera, Eva se inscribe en el discurso político con una estrategia absolutamente inusual para el género. Su participación en la arena pública está registrada desde un desvío: su lucha es una historia de amor múltiple, con Perón y con “el pueblo”. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las tecnologías autobiográficas utilizadas en el texto en relación con los discursos de verdad e identidad femenina disponibles en la época en que fue escrito, la década del 50 en Argentina.

BEDEN ETKİLEŞİMLİ MEKAN TASARIMI

OpenAIRE

ADIGÜZEL ÖZBEK, Derya

2018-01-01

İnsanlar bedenli varlıklar olarak bedeni aracılığı ile dünyaya temaseder, onunla ilişki kurar ve etkileşime geçerler. İnsanların dünya ile ilişkisibeden üzerinden tanımlanmakta, bu ilişki doğrultusunda biçimlenmektedir. Mekanve bedenin etkileşim içindeki devingen ilişkisi tasarımda önemli bir yeresahiptir. Mekanın, statik beden için standart üretimi yerine deneyimleyenkullanıcı için tasarlanması gerekmektedir. Çalışmada, bu anlayışlayapılandırılan Mekan-Beden Etkileşimi dersi ve bu ders kapsa...

Determination of customer satisfaction with services of pizzerias “Cili pica”

OpenAIRE

Pilelienė, Lina; Grigaliūnaitė, Viktorija

2012-01-01

Straipsnyje analizuojamas vartotojų pasitenkinimas „Čili pica“ picerijų paslaugomis. Straipsnio tikslas – įvertinus vartotojų pasitenkinimą „Čili pica“ picerijų paslaugomis, nustatyti jį formuojančius veiksnius. Tyrimas atliekamas adaptuojant Europos Vartotojų Pasitenkinimo Indekso metodiką. Remiantis tyrimo rezultatais, „Čili pica“ picerijoms nustatyti modelio kintamieji, kuriuos reikėtų stiprinti, siekiant padidinti vartotojų pasitenkinimą šiomis picerijomis ir jų teikiamomis paslaugomis. ...

Seasonality of absolute humidity explains seasonality of influenza-like illness in Vietnam

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Pham Quang Thai

2015-12-01

Conclusions: Our results identify a role for AH in driving the epidemiology of ILI in a tropical setting. However, in contrast to temperate regions, high rather than low AH is associated with increased ILI activity. Fluctuation in AH may be the climate factor that underlies and unifies the seasonality of ILI in both temperate and tropical regions. Alternatively, the mechanism of action of AH on disease transmission may be different in cold-dry versus hot-humid settings.

Sindérese, o intellectus principiorum da razão prática segundo Tomás de Aquino = Synderesis, the intellectus principiorum of practical reason according to Thomas Aquinas

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Abertuni, Carlos Alberto

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Trata-se de uma investigação sobre a teoria dos primeiros princípios da razão prática na obra de Tomás de Aquino. No centro dessa teoria está o termo “sindérese”, cujo conteúdo foi elaborado nas discussões da filosofia e da teologia medievais, a partir de sua menção na Glosa de Jerônimo a Ezequiel. Tal termo designa um conceito que apresenta um caráter inovador dentro da teoria da ação moral em comparação com a ética aristotélica. Afinal, Tomás de Aquino o entende como o hábito dos primeiros princípios da moral, equivalente ao hábito dos primeiros princípios teóricos de Aristóteles. Dessa forma, o interesse é compreender como o conceito de sindérese é recebido e desenvolvido na filosofia moral de Tomás de Aquino através da análise das três questões tradicionais: de sua natureza, de sua infalibilidade e de sua extinção

Vađenje podrtina i potonulih stvari u svjetlu novele Pomorskog zakonika iz 2013. godine

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Vesna Skorupan Wolff

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Materiju vađenja podrtina i potonulih stvari uređuju odredbe upravnopravne prirode koje reguliraju odnose između vlasnika podrtine ili potonule stvari, odnosno ovlaštene osobe i upravnih tijela, a kojima se uređuju razni pravni aspekti postupka vađenja. Pravo vaditi podrtinu ili potonulu stvar primarno ima njezin vlasnik odnosno ovlaštena osoba. Zakon vlasnicima podrtina i potonulih stvari, odnosno ovlaštenim osobama, ostavlja primjeren rok u kojem mogu pokrenuti upravni postupak za dobivanje dozvole za vađenje podrtine ili potonule stvari. Na taj način jamči se nepovredivost vlasništva i utvrđuje načelo prema kojem činjenica da je stvar potonula ili se nasukala ne utječe izravno na vlasnička prava njezina dotadašnjeg vlasnika. Međutim, ako vlasnik, odnosno ovlaštena osoba ne zatraži odobrenje za vađenje podrtine ili potonule stvari, ili kad bez opravdanog razloga prekine ili napusti započeto vađenje kao i u slučaju ako je ovlaštena osoba nepoznata, PZ nudi pravni okvir i omogućuje da vađenje podrtine ili potonule stvari poduzme pošteni nalaznik ili lučka kapetanija. U okviru instituta vađenja podrtina i potonulih stvari uvodi se posebno pravno uređenje za nalaz stvari u moru te se precizno normiraju svi segmenti postupka vađenja kada ga poduzima pošteni nalaznik ili lučka kapetanija. Uređuju se i sva relevantna pitanja u svezi postupanja s izvađenim stvarima kao što su njihovo čuvanje te u propisanim slučajevima mogućnost prodaje na javnoj dražbi. PZ-om se precizno uređuju obvezni odnosi koji nastaju između vlasnika, odnosno ovlaštene osobe i poštenog nalaznika te vlasnika, odnosno ovlaštene osobe i lučke kapetanije, ovisno o tome tko je poduzeo vađenje, a koji se odnose na plaćanje naknade za vađenje, čuvanje, nalazninu i druge tražbine koje zakon priznaje poštenim nalaznicima i lučkim kapetanijama. U okviru toga, uređuje se i posebno stvarnopravno uređenje za stjecanje prava vlasni

An Intensive Lifestyle Intervention Is an Effective Treatment of Morbid Obesity: The TRAMOMTANA Study—A Two-Year Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Science.gov (United States)

Burguera, Bartolomé; Jesús Tur, Juan; Escudero, Antonio Jorge; Alos, María; Pagán, Alberto; Cortés, Baltasar; González, Xavier Francesc; Soriano, Joan B.

2015-01-01

Bariatric surgery is currently the most effective therapy to induce weight loss in morbidly obese patients. Objective. This controlled, clinical trial with a two-year intervention was aimed at comparing the efficacy of two nonsurgical approaches versus bariatric surgery, on body weight changes and metabolic parameters in morbidly obese patients. Methods. Patients were randomized to an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention (ILI) (n = 60) or Conventional Obesity Therapy (COT) (n = 46). The ILI group received behavioral therapy and nutritional counseling. The COT group received standard medical treatment. They were compared with a third group, Surgical Obesity Group (SOG) (n = 37). Results. Patients who received ILI had a greater percentage of weight loss than patients receiving COT (−11.3% versus −1.6%; p < 0.0044). Interestingly 31.4% of patients included in the ILI group were no longer morbidly obese after just six months of intervention, increasing to 44.4% after 24 months of intervention. The percentage weight loss in SOG was −29.6% after that same period of time. Conclusions. ILI was associated with significant weight loss when compared to COT, in a group of patients with obesity. An ILI approach could be an alternative therapy to patients with obesity, who are not candidates to undergo bariatric surgery. This trial is registered with EudraCT 2009-013737-24. PMID:26257780

An Intensive Lifestyle Intervention Is an Effective Treatment of Morbid Obesity: The TRAMOMTANA Study—A Two-Year Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

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Bartolomé Burguera

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Bariatric surgery is currently the most effective therapy to induce weight loss in morbidly obese patients. Objective. This controlled, clinical trial with a two-year intervention was aimed at comparing the efficacy of two nonsurgical approaches versus bariatric surgery, on body weight changes and metabolic parameters in morbidly obese patients. Methods. Patients were randomized to an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention (ILI (n=60 or Conventional Obesity Therapy (COT (n=46. The ILI group received behavioral therapy and nutritional counseling. The COT group received standard medical treatment. They were compared with a third group, Surgical Obesity Group (SOG (n=37. Results. Patients who received ILI had a greater percentage of weight loss than patients receiving COT (−11.3% versus −1.6%; p<0.0044. Interestingly 31.4% of patients included in the ILI group were no longer morbidly obese after just six months of intervention, increasing to 44.4% after 24 months of intervention. The percentage weight loss in SOG was −29.6% after that same period of time. Conclusions. ILI was associated with significant weight loss when compared to COT, in a group of patients with obesity. An ILI approach could be an alternative therapy to patients with obesity, who are not candidates to undergo bariatric surgery. This trial is registered with EudraCT 2009-013737-24.

Sentinel surveillance of influenza-like-illness in two cities of the tropical country of Ecuador: 2006-2010.

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Richard W Douce

Full Text Available Tropical countries are thought to play an important role in the global behavior of respiratory infections such as influenza. The tropical country of Ecuador has almost no documentation of the causes of acute respiratory infections. The objectives of this study were to identify the viral agents associated with influenza like illness (ILI in Ecuador, describe what strains of influenza were circulating in the region along with their epidemiologic characteristics, and perform molecular characterization of those strains.This is a prospective surveillance study of the causes of ILI based on viral culture of oropharyngeal specimens and case report forms obtained in hospitals from two cities of Ecuador over 4 years. Out of 1,702 cases of ILI, nine viral agents were detected in 597 patients. During the time of the study, seven genetic variants of influenza circulated in Ecuador, causing six periods of increased activity. There appeared to be more heterogeneity in the cause of ILI in the tropical city of Guayaquil when compared with the Andean city of Quito.This was the most extensive documentation of the viral causes of ILI in Ecuador to date. Influenza was a common cause of ILI in Ecuador, causing more than one outbreak per year. There was no well defined influenza season although there were periods of time when no influenza was detected alternating with epidemics of different variant strains.

Monitoring influenza activity in the United States: a comparison of traditional surveillance systems with Google Flu Trends.

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Justin R Ortiz

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Google Flu Trends was developed to estimate US influenza-like illness (ILI rates from internet searches; however ILI does not necessarily correlate with actual influenza virus infections.Influenza activity data from 2003-04 through 2007-08 were obtained from three US surveillance systems: Google Flu Trends, CDC Outpatient ILI Surveillance Network (CDC ILI Surveillance, and US Influenza Virologic Surveillance System (CDC Virus Surveillance. Pearson's correlation coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI were calculated to compare surveillance data. An analysis was performed to investigate outlier observations and determine the extent to which they affected the correlations between surveillance data. Pearson's correlation coefficient describing Google Flu Trends and CDC Virus Surveillance over the study period was 0.72 (95% CI: 0.64, 0.79. The correlation between CDC ILI Surveillance and CDC Virus Surveillance over the same period was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81, 0.89. Most of the outlier observations in both comparisons were from the 2003-04 influenza season. Exclusion of the outlier observations did not substantially improve the correlation between Google Flu Trends and CDC Virus Surveillance (0.82; 95% CI: 0.76, 0.87 or CDC ILI Surveillance and CDC Virus Surveillance (0.86; 95%CI: 0.82, 0.90.This analysis demonstrates that while Google Flu Trends is highly correlated with rates of ILI, it has a lower correlation with surveillance for laboratory-confirmed influenza. Most of the outlier observations occurred during the 2003-04 influenza season that was characterized by early and intense influenza activity, which potentially altered health care seeking behavior, physician testing practices, and internet search behavior.

Monitoring Influenza Activity in the United States: A Comparison of Traditional Surveillance Systems with Google Flu Trends

Science.gov (United States)

Ortiz, Justin R.; Zhou, Hong; Shay, David K.; Neuzil, Kathleen M.; Fowlkes, Ashley L.; Goss, Christopher H.

2011-01-01

Background Google Flu Trends was developed to estimate US influenza-like illness (ILI) rates from internet searches; however ILI does not necessarily correlate with actual influenza virus infections. Methods and Findings Influenza activity data from 2003–04 through 2007–08 were obtained from three US surveillance systems: Google Flu Trends, CDC Outpatient ILI Surveillance Network (CDC ILI Surveillance), and US Influenza Virologic Surveillance System (CDC Virus Surveillance). Pearson's correlation coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated to compare surveillance data. An analysis was performed to investigate outlier observations and determine the extent to which they affected the correlations between surveillance data. Pearson's correlation coefficient describing Google Flu Trends and CDC Virus Surveillance over the study period was 0.72 (95% CI: 0.64, 0.79). The correlation between CDC ILI Surveillance and CDC Virus Surveillance over the same period was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81, 0.89). Most of the outlier observations in both comparisons were from the 2003–04 influenza season. Exclusion of the outlier observations did not substantially improve the correlation between Google Flu Trends and CDC Virus Surveillance (0.82; 95% CI: 0.76, 0.87) or CDC ILI Surveillance and CDC Virus Surveillance (0.86; 95%CI: 0.82, 0.90). Conclusions This analysis demonstrates that while Google Flu Trends is highly correlated with rates of ILI, it has a lower correlation with surveillance for laboratory-confirmed influenza. Most of the outlier observations occurred during the 2003–04 influenza season that was characterized by early and intense influenza activity, which potentially altered health care seeking behavior, physician testing practices, and internet search behavior. PMID:21556151

IS THE CLIENT ALWAYS RIGHT? AN EMOTIONAL APPROACH TO SERVICES PROVIDING O cliente tem sempre razão? Uma abordagem emocional no provimento de serviços

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Márcia Pitrowsky

2011-01-01

Full Text Available

This essay aims at using the marketing academic frame of reference to present an approach on the emotional interaction processes that surround the supply and delivery of services in general, based on a quick analysis of the principle – not accepted by all service providers – that the client is always right.

Este ensaio objetiva apresentar, dentro do estado da arte acadêmico do marketing, abordagem sobre a importância do comportamento humano pelo lado emocional nos processos de interação que envolvem a oferta e a entrega de serviços em geral, a partir de avaliação a respeito do princípio – do qual nem todos provedores de serviços compartilham – de que o cliente sempre teria razão.

PC-3 Prostat Kanser Hücreleri Üzerinde İndosyanin Yeşili Kullanarak Yapılan Fotodinamik Terapinin AO/PI Boyama Testi Sonuçları

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Mustafa Kemal RUHİ

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Fotodinamik terapi (FDT prostat kanseri tedavisinde henüz araştırma aşamasında olan sağaltıcı bir alternatiftir. FDT, ışığa duyarlı bir kimyasal maddenin (fotosensitizan ışık ile aktive edilmesi ve aktive olan kimyasalın kanserli bölgedeki hücre canlılığını baskılayıcı etkiye neden olması prensibine dayanmaktadır. Bu yeni tedavi yöntemi hem seçiciliği hem de yan etkilerinin azlığı nedeniyle alternatifler arasında ön plana çıkmaktadır. FDT’de kullanılan fotosensitizanın ışıksız ortamda sitotoksik olmaması ve vücuttan kolay atılabilmesi istenmektedir. Ayrıca herhangi bir fotosensitizanın yakın kızılaltı ışık ile aktive olması, bu dalgaboyunun deriye ve diğer dokulara daha fazla nüfuz etmesinden dolayı tercih sebebidir. Bu özelliklere sahip olan İndosiyanin Yeşili (ISY daha çok floresans özelliği ile ön plana çıkmış ve görüntüleme amaçlı olarak kullanılmıştır. Bu in vitro çalışmada ISY-FDT’nin farklı inkübasyon süreleri sonundaki etkisi AO/PI boyama yöntemi kullanarak ortaya konmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar ISY-FDT’nin hücre canlılığını baskıladığını göstermektedir.

Primena metoda ekspertskog ocenjivanja pri oceni profesionalnog rizika

OpenAIRE

Zoran Novaković

2007-01-01

Osnovni cilj utvrđivanja ocene profesionalnog rizika je preventivno delovanje u funkciji bezbednosti i zaštite zdravlja zaposlenih, tj. preduzimanje opštih i posebnih mera zaštite na radu radi eliminisanja opasnosti ili štetnosti, ili smanjivanja vremena ekspozicije zaposlenog određenim faktorima rizika u sredinama gde je ustanovljena njihova prisutnost. U mnogim slučajevima raspoloživi podaci o prethodnim štetnim događajima su nepotpuni ili nisu dovoljno statistički relevantni...

ENADE 2005: perfil, desempenho e razão da opção dos estudantes pelas licenciaturas ENADE 2005: profile, performance and reasons for choosing teacher training programs

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Márcia Regina F. de Brito

2007-09-01

Full Text Available O Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes (ENADE é parte integrante do Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Superior e é composto da prova, do questionário de avaliação da prova, do questionário dos coordenadores e do questionário sócio-econômico com 114 questões. A partir da análise desse material e dos dados do Censo da Educação Superior, foi elaborado o presente estudo com a finalidade de analisar o perfil dos estudantes dos cursos de Licenciaturas que se submeteram ao ENADE 2005, o desempenho desses estudantes na parte de Formação Geral e as razões que apontam para a escolha de cursos de Licenciatura, além de se buscar estabelecer as relações entre algumas variáveis selecionadas procurando verificar quais as diferenças significativas. Os resultados mostraram que os estudantes de Licenciatura concentram-se em cursos noturnos de IES privadas e são oriundos predominantemente do ensino médio público; a principal razão para a escolha da Licenciatura é o desejo de ser professor. Com relação ao desempenho, os melhores resultados, tanto de ingressantes como concluintes, são da área de Física (questões objetivas e Geografia (nas questões discursivas; quando foi feita a média de ingressantes e concluintes por área verificou-se que a menor média é a obtida pela área de Pedagogia e a maior pela Geografia.The Brazilian National Student Performance Exam (ENADE is part of the National Higher Education Evaluation System and is composed of a test, a questionnaire evaluating the test, a questionnaire to be answered by the coordinators and a socio-economic questionnaire with 114 questions. The present study was elaborated from the analysis of this material and of the data from the Higher Education Census, with the purpose of analyzing the profile of the students of the teacher training programs that took the 2005 ENADE, their performance in the General Education portion of the test and the reasons they point

Razões técnicas e efeitos simbólicos da incorporação do "progresso tecnocientífico": reprodução assistida e adoção de crianças

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Martha Ramírez-Gálvez

2011-12-01

Full Text Available As opções tecnológicas são também políticas, mas as implicações políticas das opções tecnológicas são obscurecidas por discursos, práticas e decisões que se apresentam como razões estritamente técnicas. Ao considerar o caso da reprodução assistida (RA, observamos que a busca pelo desenvolvimento técnico responderia, em principio, a razões meramente técnicas que buscariam a satisfação de um desejo "natural e atávico" de vivenciar a experiência corporal da gravidez, parto e amamentação, ancorado na naturalização do desejo de reprodução. No entanto, tais questões são reconsideradas neste artigo, em função da especificidade e singularidade do campo. Para a realização de tal análise, se coloca em perspectiva o campo da RA e de adoção de crianças. Resultados preliminares indicam que o uso de procedimentos de RA tiveram outros desdobramentos para além da consecução de um filho, ganhando um novo nicho de mercado: a função simbólica de elaboração de luto pelo filho biológico, considerada necessária para o amadurecimento do projeto de adoção de crianças.Technological options are also political options, but the political implications of technological options are obscured by discourses, practices and decisions that present themselves as strictly technical. When considering the case of assisted reproduction (AR, we observe that the scientific development is presented as a technical response to a "natural and atavistic" wish to go through the bodily experience of pregnancy, childbearing and nurturing, anchored in the naturalization of the desire for reproduction. However, such questions are reconsidered in this article due to the specificity and singularity of the field. For our analysis, we examine AR and adoption. Preliminary results show that AR procedures have had further developments besides the acquirement of a child, gaining a new market niche: the symbolic function of elaborating the mourning for

Desejo de mudança: das motivações e razões que levaram à derrota do PT em Porto Alegre nas eleições de 2004 = Desire for change: the motives and reasons behind the defeat of the PT in Porto Alegre in the 2004 elections

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Dias, Marcia Ribeiro

2008-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do artigo é avaliar em que medida o orçamento participativo influenciava a decisão eleitoral em Porto Alegre até 2004, último ano de governo do partido dos trabalhadores (PT naquele municiípio. Com base em dados de um survey aplicado em 3 de outubro de 2004, o artigo fez uma radiografia do eleitor naquele momento de transição, procurando investigar as razões de sua escolha eleitoral e sua percepção acerca do mecanismo essencial dos governos petistas na capital do Rio Grande do Sul: o orçamento participativo

Bower ratio-energy balance associated errors in vineyards under dripping irrigation Erros associados pela razão de bowen ao balanço de energia em parreirais sob irrigação por gotejamento

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José Monteiro Soares

2007-08-01

Full Text Available This study was conducted at the Bebedouro Experimental Station in Petrolina-PE, Brazil, to evaluate the errors associated to the application of the Bowen ratio-energy balance in a 3-years old vineyard (Vitis vinifera, L, grown in a trellis system, irrigated by dripping. The field measurements were taken during fruiting cycle (July to November, 2001, which was divided into eigth phenological stages. A micrometeorological tower was mounted in a grape-plants row in which sensors of net radiation, global solar radiation and wind speed were installed at about 1.0 m above the canopy. Also in the tower, two psicometers were installed at two levels (0.5 and 1.8 m above the vineyard canopy. Two soil heat flux plates were buried at 0.02 m beneath the soil surface. All these sensors were connected to a Data logger 21 X of Campbell Scientific Inc., programmed for collecting data once every 5 seconds and storage averages for every 15 minutes. A comparative analysis were made among four Bowen ratio accepting/rejecting rules, according to the methodology proposed by Spano et al. (2000: betar1 - values of beta calculated by Bowen (1926 equation; betar2 - values of beta as proposed by Verma et al. (1978 equation; betar3 - exclusion of the beta values obtained as recommended by Unland et al. (1996 and betar4 - exclusion of the beta values calculated as proposed by Bowen (1926, out of the interval (-0.7 Este estudo foi conduzido na Estação Experimental de Bebedouro, Petrolina-PE, Brasil, para avaliar os erros associados com a aplicação do balanço de energia com base na razão de Bowen em um parreiral (Vitis vinifera, L com três anos de idade, conduzido em latada, sob irrigação por gotejamento. As medições foram feitas durante o ciclo produtivo de julho a novembro de 2001, que foi dividido em oito estádios fenológicos. Numa torre micrometeorológica localizada no centro do parreiral, foram instalados a 1,00 m acima do dossel da videira, os seguintes

ŽENE U ZNANOSTI: STAKLENI STROP

OpenAIRE

PRIJIĆ-SAMARŽIJA, Snježana; AVELINI HOLJEVAC, Ivanka; TURK, Marko

2009-01-01

Temeljni cilj članka jest propitivanje postojanja "staklenoga stropa" ili podzastupljenosti žena na rukovodećim položajima u ustanovama znanosti i visokog obrazovanja kakvo je Sveučilište u Rijeci, uključivo i mehanizama koji ga uzrokuju. Prvi dio članka sadrži kratak pregled i analizu empirijskih rezultata istraživanja provedenog na Sveučilištu u Rijeci, koji nedvojbeno upućuju na prisutnost efekta "staklenoga stropa" i, shodno tome, na postojanje prikrivene primarne i s...

Sentinel Surveillance of Influenza-Like-Illness in Two Cities of the Tropical Country of Ecuador: 2006–2010

Science.gov (United States)

Douce, Richard W.; Aleman, Washington; Chicaiza-Ayala, Wilson; Madrid, Cesar; Sovero, Merly; Delgado, Franklin; Rodas, Mireya; Ampuero, Julia; Chauca, Gloria; Perez, Juan; Garcia, Josefina; Kochel, Tadeusz; Halsey, Eric S.; Laguna-Torres, V. Alberto

2011-01-01

Background Tropical countries are thought to play an important role in the global behavior of respiratory infections such as influenza. The tropical country of Ecuador has almost no documentation of the causes of acute respiratory infections. The objectives of this study were to identify the viral agents associated with influenza like illness (ILI) in Ecuador, describe what strains of influenza were circulating in the region along with their epidemiologic characteristics, and perform molecular characterization of those strains. Methodology/Findings This is a prospective surveillance study of the causes of ILI based on viral culture of oropharyngeal specimens and case report forms obtained in hospitals from two cities of Ecuador over 4 years. Out of 1,702 cases of ILI, nine viral agents were detected in 597 patients. During the time of the study, seven genetic variants of influenza circulated in Ecuador, causing six periods of increased activity. There appeared to be more heterogeneity in the cause of ILI in the tropical city of Guayaquil when compared with the Andean city of Quito. Conclusions/Significance This was the most extensive documentation of the viral causes of ILI in Ecuador to date. Influenza was a common cause of ILI in Ecuador, causing more than one outbreak per year. There was no well defined influenza season although there were periods of time when no influenza was detected alternating with epidemics of different variant strains. PMID:21887216

Outbreak of influenza in an overseas student travel group--Taiwan 2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Tsou, Tsung-Pei; Lin, Chien-Hui; Lo, Yi-Chun; Li, Yi-Syue; Chiu, Chan-Hsien

2010-05-01

Influenza is a frequent cause of acute respiratory illness (ARI). In July 2008, we conducted a retrospective cohort study to investigate an influenza outbreak occurring in an overland travel group of overseas students. ARI was defined as the presence of any respiratory symptom such as cough, rhinorrhoea, sore throat or stuffy nose. Influenza-like illness (ILI) was defined as ARI plus fever > or =38 degrees C. Throat swabs were taken from symptomatic participants and a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed. One hundred and seventy participants were interviewed. Forty-four (26%) had an ARI and 22 (13%) had an ILI. Of the 33 specimens collected, 18 (54%) were positive for influenza A/H3N2. Taiwanese group leaders had increased risk of acquiring both ARI and ILI (ARI relative risk (RR) 2.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3-3.7 and ILI RR 2.8, 95% CI 1.2-6.3). Fifteen participants were vaccinated. The vaccine effectiveness was 52% for ILI (p = 0.70). The outbreak stopped after cohorting and the use of surgical masks. Vaccination appeared to be effective in preventing infection.

NITRATI I NITRITI, METABOLIZAM I TOKSIČNOST

OpenAIRE

Nujić, Marija; Habuda-Stanić, Mirna

2017-01-01

Nitrati i nitriti su kemijski spojevi koji se koriste kao gnojivo, rodenticidi ili konzervansi. Mogu se naći u zraku, tlu, vodi ili hrani (posebice povrću) a mogu se i stvarati u ljudskom tijelu. Nitrati imaju važnu ulogu u hranjenju i metabolizmu biljaka. Nastaju oksidacijom organskog otpada djelovanjem dušičnih bakterija. Ljudi mogu biti izloženi nitratima i nitritima preko konzumacije povrća i mesnih prerađevina, a manjim dijelom preko vode ili ostale hrane. Pijenje vode sa već...

UČINKOVITOST TRIGGERPOINT TERAPIJE KOD TINITUSA

OpenAIRE

Jarak, Irena; Miletić, Marija; Žura, Nikolino

2016-01-01

UVOD: Šum u uhu (tinitus) predstavlja percepciju zvuka u uhu ili glavi koja se pojavljuje bez očitog vanjskog zvučnog podražaja, odnosno fantomski slušni podražaj. Pojavu tinitusa može uzrokovati npr. oštećenja ili promjene u otološkom sustavu, tumor, multipla skleroza, kardiovaskularna oboljenja, lijekovi, psihička oboljenja ili mišićnokoštani sustav. Tinitus nije bolest već simptom, tako da ne postoji jedinstvena terapija u njegovom liječenju. M. sternocleidomastoide...

Mura - čovjek - priroda

OpenAIRE

Kantar, Sandra; Ivanek-Martinčić, Marjana; Augustinović, Zvjezdana

2008-01-01

U ovom je radu dan pregled radova studenata Visokoga gospodarskog učilišta iz Križevaca, nastalih u sklopu Interreg III A projekta suradnje pod naslovom »Mura - čovjek - priroda«. U projektu su sudjelovali Poljoprivredni fakultet Georgikon iz Keszthelyja Sveučilišta Veszprem, Poljoprivredni muzej Georgikon iz Keszthelyja, Nacionalni park Balaton, nevladina organizacija za zaštitu prirode »Bijeli gavran« i Visoko gospodarsko učilište iz Križevaca. Na hrvatskoj strani, priroda uz Muru je vrl...

Vrste i tehnike 3D modeliranja

OpenAIRE

Bernik, Andrija

2010-01-01

Proces stvaranja 3D stvarnih ili imaginarnih objekata naziva se 3D modeliranje. Razvoj računalne tehnologije omogućuje korisniku odabir raznih metoda i tehnika kako bi se postigla optimalna učinkovitost. Odabir je vezan za klasično 3D modeliranje ili 3D skeniranje pomoću specijaliziranih programskih i sklopovskih rješenja. 3D tehnikama modeliranja korisnik može izraditi 3D model na nekoliko načina: koristi poligone, krivulje ili hibrid dviju spomenutih tehnika pod nazivom subdivizijsko modeli...

Safety and potential anticoagulant effects of nebulised heparin in burns patients with inhalational injury at Singapore General Hospital Burns Centre.

Science.gov (United States)

Yip, Lian Yee; Lim, Yen Fang; Chan, Hong Ngee

2011-11-01

Nebulised heparin, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and salbutamol were shown to decrease reintubation rates, incidence of atelectasis and mortality in paediatric patients and reduce lung injury scores in adult burns patients with inhalational lung injury (ILI). Nebulised heparin, NAC and salbutamol treatment protocol was introduced in Singapore General Hospital (SGH) Burns Centre in 2006. However, safety data on the use of nebulised heparin and NAC for burns patients with ILI is not well established. In this study, we investigated the safety and potential anticoagulant effects of nebulised heparin in burns patients with ILI. A retrospective study with historical control was conducted. The treatment group consisted of 52 mechanically ventilated adult patients, with a diagnosis of ILI as confirmed by bronchoscopy, admitted to burn intensive care unit (BICU) from the year 2006 to 2009. The group was treated with nebulised heparin, NAC and salbutamol. The control group consists of 11 mechanically ventilated BICU ILI patients treated from year 2001 to 2005 before protocol initiation. Blood coagulation indices (prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and platelet count) were monitored and bleeding incidences were assessed. Blood coagulation indices did not suggest an increase risk of bleeding with nebulised heparin. The APTT, PT and platelet count followed a similar trend for both groups over 7 days. No clinically significant increase in bleeding risk was found to be associated with nebulised heparin. Nebulised heparin was not found to potentiate the risk of bleeding in burns patients with ILI. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd and ISBI. All rights reserved.

Razón y amor en la teología medieval incipiente: Aproximación desde la confluencia de las fuentes griegas y latinas

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Anneliese Meis

2002-01-01

Full Text Available El presente estudio escoje un período de gran envergadura teológica y excepcionalmente sensible al problema razón y amor. En el siglo XII se va gestando la subjetividad moderna, de tanta relevancia para la Teología, pero, sobre todo, se produce aquella confluencia de fuentes latinas y griegas, que como problema requiere máxima atención, ya que su recepción patrística medieval es vital para la búsqueda de la verdad a través de la ciencia. Se estudian siete autores que remontan al siglo XII: -Hildegard von Bingen, Guillermo de St. Thierry, Ricardo de San Víctor-, pero tres le preceden: -Gregorio Magno, Juan Escoto Eriúgena, Anselmo de Canterbury- y uno los complementa: Buenaventura. La elección de estos autores ha permitido seguir de cerca la articulación del problema, su contextualización y las soluciones novedosas, de gran riqueza antropológica teológicaThis study selects a period of great theological depth and particularty sensitive to the issue of reason and love. The modern subjectivity, which has had enormous relevance for Theology, started to germinate during the XII century; the times of the convergence of the Latin and Greek sources. This required much attention, as their reception by the medieval patristic is essential for a proper search of the truth through the science. The article focuses on seven authors who date from the XII century. Hildegard von Binger, Willian of St. Thierry, Richard of Saint Victor, who are preceded by Gregory the Greta, John Scotus Eriungena, Anselm of Canterbury and Bonaventure. The selecction of these authors allows a close articulation of the problem, its contextualisation and novel solutions of great theological and anthropological richness

Kimi mantlipärija sai mõjukatele ametipostidele / Kaivo Kopli

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kopli, Kaivo

2010-01-01

Põhja-Korea pealinnas toimunud Tööliste Partei kongressil määrati riigi liidri Kim Jong-ili noorim poeg Kim Jong-un kesksõjakomisjoni aseesimeheks ja keskkomitee liikmeks. Poliitbüroosse määrati alternatiivliikmena Kim Jong-ili õe abikaasa Chang Song-taek

Komunikacijski aspekt ukrašavanja tijela u zapadnoj kulturi

OpenAIRE

Dadić, Nikolina

2017-01-01

Ukrašavanje tijela kroz povijest imalo je različita značenja, bilo religijska, ritualna ili estetska, neovisno o stupnju civilizacijskog razvoja, kulturi i kontinentu. Ukrašavanje se održalo do danas, a tijekom različitih povijesnih razdoblja bilo je podložno modi i trendovima, jednako kao i odjeća, obuća ili frizura. Još uvijek postoje predrasude koje kod nekih osoba izazivaju odbojnost što se tiče ljudi koji nose tetovaže ili ukrase i u čistoj suprotnosti su sa jednim liberalnim pogledo...

SPLETNE UČILNICE IN E-LISTOVNIK "MAHARA"

OpenAIRE

Tivadar, Petra

2011-01-01

V diplomskem delu smo opredelili, kaj je IKT, e-učenje, e-izobraževanje, izobraževanje na daljavo in hitro e-učenje. Nato smo opredelili, kaj so spletne učilnice in jih nekaj navedli. Opredelili smo, kaj je e-listovnik, kaj nam omogoča ter proučili prednosti in slabosti njegove uporabe. Osredotočili smo se na e-listovnik Mahara. Pregledali in preverili smo možnosti, ki jih Mahara ponuja, ter ugotavljali, zakaj jo uporabljati. Proučili smo tudi, kako jo uporabljati v izobraževanju in kakšne so...

Akademie čili nevěstinec

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Cidlinská, Kateřina

(2015) ISSN 0862-5921 Institutional support: RVO:68378025 Keywords : Library of the Czech Academy of Sciences * exhibition * nudes Subject RIV: AO - Sociology, Demography http://www.lidovky.cz/akademie-cili-nevestinec-08h-/kultura.aspx?c=A151106_165942_ln_kultura_ELE

STANDARDIZACIJA MARKETINGA: BITI ILI NE BITI

OpenAIRE

Šuštar, Rozana

2007-01-01

The article discusses the possibilities for standardizing the marketing programs of Slovenian firms which can open a door to more intensive process of internationalization of firms. The study found that environmental factors, such as political and economic stability, significantly affected the possibilities for standardization enabling firms to improve sales margins. The strategic elements for standardization of the marketing mix, consisting of price, distribution, and promotion, are also sub...

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of traditional Chinese medicine-induced liver injury: a systematic review.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Ran; Qi, Xingshun; Yoshida, Eric M; Méndez-Sánchez, Nahum; Teschke, Rolf; Sun, Mingyu; Liu, Xu; Su, Chunping; Deng, Jiao; Deng, Han; Hou, Feifei; Guo, Xiaozhong

2018-04-01

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is becoming increasingly popular and related adverse events are often ignored or underestimated. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of TCM-induced liver injury (TCM-ILI) and to estimate the proportion of TCM-ILI in all drug-induced liver injuries (DILI). China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, and Embase databases were searched. Demographic, clinical, and survival data were extracted and pooled. Factors associated with worse outcomes were calculated. For the proportion meta-analyses, the data were pooled by using a random-effects model. Overall, 21,027 articles were retrieved, of which 625 were finally included. There was a predominance of female and older patients. The proportion of liver transplantation was 2.18% (7/321). The mortality was 4.67% (15/321). Male, higher aspartate aminotransferase and direct bilirubin, and lower albumin were significantly associated with an increased risk of death/liver transplantation in TCM-ILI patients. The proportion of TCM-ILI in all DILI was 25.71%. The proportion was gradually increased with year. Our work summarises current knowledge regarding clinical presentation, disease course, and prognosis of TCM-ILI. TCM can result in hepatotoxicity, even death or necessitate life-saving liver transplantation. Governmental regulation of TCM products should be strictly established.

Identifying influenza-like illness presentation from unstructured general practice clinical narrative using a text classifier rule-based expert system versus a clinical expert.

Science.gov (United States)

MacRae, Jayden; Love, Tom; Baker, Michael G; Dowell, Anthony; Carnachan, Matthew; Stubbe, Maria; McBain, Lynn

2015-10-06

We designed and validated a rule-based expert system to identify influenza like illness (ILI) from routinely recorded general practice clinical narrative to aid a larger retrospective research study into the impact of the 2009 influenza pandemic in New Zealand. Rules were assessed using pattern matching heuristics on routine clinical narrative. The system was trained using data from 623 clinical encounters and validated using a clinical expert as a gold standard against a mutually exclusive set of 901 records. We calculated a 98.2 % specificity and 90.2 % sensitivity across an ILI incidence of 12.4 % measured against clinical expert classification. Peak problem list identification of ILI by clinical coding in any month was 9.2 % of all detected ILI presentations. Our system addressed an unusual problem domain for clinical narrative classification; using notational, unstructured, clinician entered information in a community care setting. It performed well compared with other approaches and domains. It has potential applications in real-time surveillance of disease, and in assisted problem list coding for clinicians. Our system identified ILI presentation with sufficient accuracy for use at a population level in the wider research study. The peak coding of 9.2 % illustrated the need for automated coding of unstructured narrative in our study.

Türkiye’de İhracatın Çeşitlendirilmesi ve Ekonomik Büyüme

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ali ACARAVCI

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de ihracatta ürün çeşitlendirmesi ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki uzun dönemli ve nedensel ilişkileri, Türkiye ekonomisi için 1995-2012 dönemi verileri ile araştırmaktadır. Değişkenlerin durağanlık analizi için ADF birim kök testi, eşbütünleşme ilişkisini test etmek için ARDL sınır testi yaklaşımı ve değişkenler arasındaki nedensellik ilişkilerinin belirlenmesinde Granger nedensellik testi modeli kullanılmıştır.  Elde edilen sonuçlara göre ihracatta ürün çeşitlendirmesi değişkeninden ekonomide dışa açıklık oranı değişkenine doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi bulunurken diğer değişkenler arasında bir nedensellik ilişkisi bulunamamıştır.

Pro god uhhodjashtshii mõ jeshtsho mozhem skazat "neplohhoi". Kak nazovut god sledujushtshii?

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2008-01-01

Ida-Virumaa suuremate omavalitsuste juhid Jevgeni Solovjov, Niina Neglasson, Jelena Korshunova ja Mihhail Stalnuhhin ning Ida-Viru maavanem Riho Breivel teevad kokkuvõtteid mööduvast aastast ning heidavad pilgu algavasse aastasse

Propuesta de protocolo de valoración de la acidez ambiental en salas y vitrinas de la exposición temporal El último viaje de la fragata Mercedes. La razón frente al expolio (Museo Naval, Madrid

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Javier Peña Poza

2015-12-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se ha realizado la valoración ambiental, tanto en salas como en el interior de vitrinas, en la exposición temporal El último viaje de la fragata Mercedes. La razón frente al expolio, celebrada en el Museo Naval de Madrid. El estudio se realizó mediante un protocolo de seguimiento de la acidez ambiental que utiliza sensores ópticos. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que los valores promedio de pH se situaban cercanos a la neutralidad teórica (riesgo de choque ácido bajo, excepto en algunas vitrinas en las que se detectaron valores ligeramente ácidos. Los datos indicaron que los sistemas de ventilación y los materiales empleados en salas y vitrinas (p. ej. pinturas, barnices, adhesivos, etc. eran adecuados ya que no provocaron valores de pH perjudiciales para la correcta conservación de las colecciones.

Estetização da política vs. formação da opinião pública: uma aporia da razão comunicacional? = Aesthetization of politics vs. public opinion formation: an wasteland of communicational reason?

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Trevisan, Amarildo Luiz

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Quando Benjamin debate a tese de estetização da política, feita pelo fascismo, introduz um problema importante para o agir comunicacional. Ao escrever a obra de arte na época de sua reprodutividade técnica,ele termina apontando para o comunismo como uma entidade capaz de ainda se contrapor ao movimento fascista, acenando com a resposta de politização da arte. No entanto, no momento em que fenecerem as esperanças escatológicas depositadas no comunismo, como superar o eclipse da política pela sua transformação em mero espetáculo? É nesse contexto que pretendo debater o encobrimento da política tornando fim em si mesmo, que se reflete fora de si apenas enquanto preocupação com a imagem, e a alternativa de formação da opinião pública proposta pela razão comunicacional

Anaesthetic efficacy of intraligamentary injection techniques on mandibular molars diagnosed with asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A retrospective study.

Science.gov (United States)

Lin, Shaul; Wigler, Ronald; Huber, Ronen; Kaufman, Arieh Y

2017-04-01

The objective of this study was to evaluate the success rate of intraligamentary injections (ILI) using a two- or four-site injection technique. One hundred and fifty-one mandibular molars diagnosed with asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis received ILI at the mesiobuccal and distobuccal aspects of the roots. Patients who experienced pain when the access cavity was performed received additional supplemental ILI in the mesiolingual and distolingual aspects. Pulpal anaesthesia was considered successful when complete analgesia was achieved. The data were analysed by means of the Fisher's exact and Pearson's chi-square tests. IL anaesthesia was successful for 92.1% of the teeth. Forty-eight teeth (31.8%) were sufficiently anaesthetised using the two-site ILI and 91 teeth (60.3%) following supplemental IL anaesthesia in two more sites. The results of this study indicate that the use of four-site IL injections as a primary anaesthetic technique may be considered a favourable alternative to the common IANB. © 2016 Australian Society of Endodontology Inc.

Métodos para estimar razão de prevalência em estudos de corte transversal Métodos para estimar razón de prevalencia en estudios de cohorte transversal Methods for estimating prevalence ratios in cross-sectional studies

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Leticia M S Coutinho

2008-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Comparar empiricamente as regressões de Cox, log-binomial, Poisson e logística para estimar razões de prevalência em estudos de corte transversal. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados dados de um estudo epidemiológico transversal (n=2.072, de base populacional, realizado com idosos na cidade de São Paulo (SP, entre maio de 2003 e abril de 2005. Diagnósticos de demência, possíveis casos de transtorno mental comum e autopercepção de saúde ruim foram escolhidos como desfechos com prevalência baixa, intermediária e alta, respectivamente. Foram utilizadas variáveis de confusão com duas ou mais categorias ou valores contínuos. Valores de referência para estimativas por ponto e por intervalo para as razões de prevalência (RP foram obtidos pelo método de estratificação de Mantel-Haenszel. Estimativas ajustadas foram calculadas utilizando regressões de Cox e Poisson com variância robusta, e regressão log-binomial. Odds ratios (OR brutos e ajustados foram obtidos pela regressão logística. RESULTADOS: As estimativas por ponto e por intervalo obtidas pelas regressões de Cox e Poisson foram semelhantes à obtida pela estratificação de Mantel-Haenszel, independentemente da prevalência do desfecho e das covariáveis do modelo. O modelo log-binomial apresentou dificuldade de convergência quando o desfecho tinha prevalência alta e havia covariável contínua no modelo. A regressão logística produziu estimativas por ponto e por intervalo maiores do que as obtidas pelos outros métodos, principalmente para os desfechos com maiores prevalências iniciais. Se interpretados como estimativas de RP, os OR superestimariam as associações para os desfechos com prevalência inicial baixa, intermediária e alta em 13%, quase 100% e quatro vezes mais, respectivamente. CONCLUSÕES: Em análise de dados de estudos de corte transversal, os modelos de Cox e Poisson com variância robusta são melhores alternativas que a regressão log

Influenza-Like Illness among University Students: Symptom Severity and Duration Due to Influenza Virus Infection Compared to Other Etiologies

Science.gov (United States)

Mullins, Jocelyn; Cook, Robert; Rinaldo, Charles; Yablonsky, Eric; Hess, Rachel; Piazza, Paolo

2011-01-01

Objective: University students with influenza-like illness (ILI) were assessed to determine whether symptom severity, duration, or missed days of school or work varied according to etiology. Participants: Sixty persons presenting to a university health clinic with ILI symptoms during 3 consecutive influenza seasons completed baseline survey and…

Formación ética de los profesionales. Forjando el interés desde la razón y la emoción

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Elsa González

2013-11-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo realiza una propuesta crítica y práctica acerca de laformación humanística que las universidades deberían diseñar y proporcionar en elmarco de su responsabilidad social universitaria a los futuros profesionales (empresarios,docentes, comunicólogos, publicitarios, periodistas, sanitarios, etcétera.Como propuesta de reflexión crítica, el trabajo parte de una comprensión de laeducación universitaria como canal apropiado para interesar a las personas en labúsqueda y promoción de valores globales y humanistas que estén a la altura de laconciencia moral alcanzada por las sociedades con pluralismo moral. A partir de aquíse argumenta que la universidad, como institución social, tiene la responsabilidad deformar en capacidades tanto científicas y epistemológicas como prácticas.Como propuesta práctica, en este trabajo se plantean los rasgos que, de acuerdo conel marco crítico, se deberían potenciar a lo largo de la formación universitaria en losestudiantes para que fueran capaces de enlazar su propio proyecto vital con el proyectode la humanidad. No se puede olvidar que una de las tareas que tiene la educaciónuniversitaria, como actividad, es la de constituir auténticos agentes morales capacitadospara encarnar valores globales a la altura de la humanidad, es decir, ciudadanosy profesionales que descubren y van definiendo su propio proyecto personal dentro delos proyectos comunitarios y globales que existen en su sociedad y en la humanidad.En definitiva, con este trabajo se pretende desarrollar una propuesta que arroje luzacerca de la conexión entre tres aspectos esenciales para la formación científica y profesionaluniversitaria, interés, razón y emoción, y los proyectos que los seres humanos han tomado como propios porque humanizan, porque nos ayudan a ser ciudadanos ysociedades más justas, más responsables y mejores.

Using Google Flu Trends data in forecasting influenza-like-illness related ED visits in Omaha, Nebraska.

Science.gov (United States)

Araz, Ozgur M; Bentley, Dan; Muelleman, Robert L

2014-09-01

Emergency department (ED) visits increase during the influenza seasons. It is essential to identify statistically significant correlates in order to develop an accurate forecasting model for ED visits. Forecasting influenza-like-illness (ILI)-related ED visits can significantly help in developing robust resource management strategies at the EDs. We first performed correlation analyses to understand temporal correlations between several predictors of ILI-related ED visits. We used the data available for Douglas County, the biggest county in Nebraska, for Omaha, the biggest city in the state, and for a major hospital in Omaha. The data set included total and positive influenza test results from the hospital (ie, Antigen rapid (Ag) and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (RSV) tests); an Internet-based influenza surveillance system data, that is, Google Flu Trends, for both Nebraska and Omaha; total ED visits in Douglas County attributable to ILI; and ILI surveillance network data for Douglas County and Nebraska as the predictors and data for the hospital's ILI-related ED visits as the dependent variable. We used Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average and Holt Winters methods with3 linear regression models to forecast ILI-related ED visits at the hospital and evaluated model performances by comparing the root means square errors (RMSEs). Because of strong positive correlations with ILI-related ED visits between 2008 and 2012, we validated the use of Google Flu Trends data as a predictor in an ED influenza surveillance tool. Of the 5 forecasting models we have tested, linear regression models performed significantly better when Google Flu Trends data were included as a predictor. Regression models including Google Flu Trends data as a predictor variable have lower RMSE, and the lowest is achieved when all other variables are also included in the model in our forecasting experiments for the first 5 weeks of 2013 (with RMSE = 57.61). Google Flu Trends data

Hepatoprotective Effects of Total Triterpenoids and Total Flavonoids from Vitis vinifera L against Immunological Liver Injury in Mice

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Tao Liu

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Suosuo grape (the fruits of Vitis vinifera L has been used for prevention and treatment of liver diseases in Uighur folk medicine in China besides its edible value. In this study, the hepatoprotective effects of total triterpenoids (VTT and total flavonoids (VTF from Suosuo grape were evaluated in Bacille-Calmette-Guerin- (BCG- plus-lipopolysaccharide- (LPS- induced immunological liver injury (ILI in mice. Various dose groups (50, 150, and 300 mg/kg of VTT and VTF alleviated the degree of liver injury of ILI mice, effectively reduced the BCG/LPS-induced elevated liver index and spleen index, hepatic nitric oxide (NO, and malondialdehyde (MDA content, increased liver homogenate alanine aminotransferase (ALT and aspartate aminotransferase (AST levels, and restored hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD activity in ILI mice. VTT and VTF also significantly inhibited intrahepatic expression of Th1 cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-2 in ILI mice and increased intrahepatic expression of Th2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10. Moreover, the increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was significantly downregulated by VTT and VTF in liver tissue of ILI mice. These results are comparable to those of biphenyl dicarboxylate (DDB, the reference hepatoprotective agent and suggest that VTT and VTF play a protective role against immunological liver injury, which may have important implications for our understanding of the immunoregulatory mechanisms of this plant.

Učinak potonuća plovila na vezu na pravni odnos između stranaka ugovora o vezu i čuvanju plovila

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Adriana Vincenca Padovan

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Slučajevi potonuća brodice ili jahte na vezu u marini nisu česti, ali statistika pokazuje da se povremeno događaju, i tada je vrlo vjerojatno da će incident u konačnici dovesti do spora za naknadu štete prouzročene potonućem između vlasnika odnosno korisnika brodice ili jahte i marine. Osim očite štete na samoj brodici ili jahti, takav incident u marini će neizbježno rezultirati troškovima vađenja, spašavanja ili uklanjanja potonulog plovnog objekta, a potencijalno i do štete na infrastrukturi i opremi marine. Takav štetni događaj utjecat će na ugovor o vezu između marine i vlasnika, odnosno korisnika brodice ili jahte. Odgovornost za štetu ovisit će o okolnostima svakog pojedinog slučaja, a interpretirat će se sukladno ugovoru o vezu i mjerodavnom nacionalnom pravu. Uzroci potonuća mogu biti razni, od ekstremnih vremenskih uvjeta, do tehničkih nedostataka koji brodicu odnosno jahtu čine nesposobnom za plovidbu, ili neadekvatnog veza, sidrenog sustava, opreme za vezivanje, poplave, požara, lošeg održavanja, sudara, i dr. U svakom pojedinom slučaju trebat će ustanoviti uzrok potonuća, i ovisno o tome utvrditi postoji li odgovornost jedne od ugovornih strana. Nadalje, postavlja se pitanje koja je sudbina ugovora o vezu nakon takvog potonuća, tj. ostaje li ugovor na snazi, ili automatski prestaje samom činjenicom potonuća, ili ima li koja od ugovornih strana pravo na raskid ili otkaz ugovora odnosno pravo na naknadu štete te koja se šteta u takvom slučaju naknađuje. Navedene pravne posljedice također će ovisiti o uzroku potonuća i uvjetima ugovora o vezu. Analizirajući učinak potonuća na ugovor o vezu, autorice razmatraju i statističke podatke o učestalosti takvih događaja u hrvatskim marinama, poslovnu praksu, interne protokole i opće uvjete poslovanja hrvatskih marina te općenito preventivne mjere koje koncesionari domaćih marina uobičajeno primjenjuju u interesu sigurnosti plovidbe. Analiza

AcEST: DK959664 [AcEST

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available ILI6|NS1A_TASV2 Non-structural polyprotein 1A OS=Turkey ast... 30 9.3 sp|Q9ILI5|N...S1AB_TASV2 Non-structural polyprotein 1AB OS=Turkey a... 30 9.3 sp|A5DGN9|NACA_PICGU Nascent polypeptide-ass

Diabetes mellitus: razão de prevalências nas diferentes regiões geográficas no Brasil, 2002 2007 Diabetes mellitus: reasons for prevalence in different geographic regions of Brazil, 2002 2007

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Juliana Chioda Ribeiro Dias

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Considerando o Diabetes mellitus (DM como um relevante problema de saúde no Brasil e a importância das estimativas de prevalência para planejamento e estratégias em saúde pública, propôs-se este trabalho com o objetivo de estimar a razão de prevalências do DM nos diferentes estados brasileiros nos períodos de 2002 a 2004 e 2005 a 2007. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, baseado em dados da população brasileira com diagnóstico de DM cadastrada no Sistema de Informação da Atenção Básica (SIAB junto ao Ministério da Saúde. As taxas de prevalência foram calculadas para o período de 2002 a 2004 e para 2005 a 2007, e posteriormente estimou-se a Razão de Prevalências (R por ponto e por intervalo de 95% de confiança (IC95%. Observou-se alta prevalência de DM nos estados brasileiros com aumento significativo (R>1; IC95%>1 entre os períodos em todos os estados brasileiros, com destaque para o Distrito Federal (R=1,9800; IC95%=1,97241,9876 e o estado do Maranhão (R=1,5217; IC95%=1,51981,5235. Pode-se concluir que houve aumento significativo na prevalência de DM no Brasil de 2002 a 2007, sinalizando para a necessidade de formulação de estratégias de prevenção e controle da doença.Awareness of Diabetes Mellitus (DM as a relevant health problem in Brazil and realizing the importance of estimates of prevalence for public health planning and strategies, gave rise to this work seeking to estimate the reason for the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM in different Brazilian states in the periods from 2002 to 2004 and 2005 to 2007. It involves a descriptive study based on Brazilian population data with a diagnosis of DM recorded in the Basic Care Information System (SIAB of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The prevalence rates were calculated for the periods from 2002 to 2004 and 2005 to 2007 and the Prevalence Ratios were then estimated per location and per reliability interval of 95% (RI95%. A high prevalence of DM was observed in

Cost of intervention delivery in a lifestyle weight loss trial in type 2 diabetes: results from the Look AHEAD clinical trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Rushing, J; Wing, R; Wadden, T A; Knowler, W C; Lawlor, M; Evans, M; Killean, T; Montez, M; Espeland, M A; Zhang, P

2017-03-01

The Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) trial was a randomized controlled clinical trial to compare the effects of 10 years of intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) with a control condition of diabetes support and education (DSE) on health outcomes in over 5,000 participants with type 2 diabetes. The ILI had significantly greater weight losses than DSE throughout the trial. The goal of this analysis is to describe the cost of delivering the intervention. The ILI was designed to promote weight loss and increase physical activity. It involved a combination of group plus individual intervention sessions, with decreasing frequency of contact over the 10 years. The intervention incorporated a variety of strategies, including meal replacement products, to improve weight loss outcomes. The costs of intervention delivery were derived from staff surveys of effort and from records of intervention materials from the 16 US academic clinical trial sites. Costs were calculated from the payer perspective and presented in 2012 dollars. During the first year, when intervention delivery was most intensive, the annual cost of intervention delivery, averaged (standard deviation) across clinical sites, was $2,864.6 ($513.3) per ILI participant compared with $202.4 ($76.6) per DSE participant. As intervention intensity declined, costs decreased, such that from years 5 to 9 of the trial, the annual cost of intervention was $1,119.8 ($227.7) per ILI participant and $102.9 ($33.0) per DSE participant. Staffing accounted for the majority of costs throughout the trial, with meal replacements and materials to promote adherence accounting for smaller shares. The sustained weight losses produced by the Look AHEAD intervention were supported by intervention costs that were within the range of other weight loss programmes. Future work will include an evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of the ILI and will contain additional follow-up data.

Influenza-like-illness and clinically diagnosed flu: disease burden, costs and quality of life for patients seeking ambulatory care or no professional care at all.

Science.gov (United States)

Bilcke, Joke; Coenen, Samuel; Beutels, Philippe

2014-01-01

This is one of the first studies to (1) describe the out-of-hospital burden of influenza-like-illness (ILI) and clinically diagnosed flu, also for patients not seeking professional medical care, (2) assess influential background characteristics, and (3) formally compare the burden of ILI in patients with and without a clinical diagnosis of flu. A general population sample with recent ILI experience was recruited during the 2011-2012 influenza season in Belgium. Half of the 2250 respondents sought professional medical care, reported more symptoms (especially more often fever), a longer duration of illness, more use of medication (especially antibiotics) and a higher direct medical cost than patients not seeking medical care. The disease and economic burden were similar for ambulatory ILI patients, irrespective of whether they received a clinical diagnosis of flu. On average, they experienced 5-6 symptoms over a 6-day period; required 1.6 physician visits and 86-91% took medication. An average episode amounted to €51-€53 in direct medical costs, 4 days of absence from work or school and the loss of 0.005 quality-adjusted life-years. Underlying illness led to greater costs and lower quality-of-life. The costs of ILI patients with clinically diagnosed flu tended to increase, while those of ILI patients without clinically diagnosed flu tended to decrease with age. Recently vaccinated persons experienced lower costs and a higher quality-of-life, but this was only the case for patients not seeking professional medical care. This information can be used directly to evaluate the implementation of cost-effective prevention and control measures for influenza. In particular to inform the evaluation of more widespread seasonal influenza vaccination, including in children, which is currently considered by many countries.

Influenza infection in the intensive care unit: Four years after the 2009 pandemic.

Science.gov (United States)

Pérez-Carrasco, Marcos; Lagunes, Leonel; Antón, Andrés; Gattarello, Simone; Laborda, César; Pumarola, Tomás; Rello, Jordi

2016-03-01

The role of influenza viruses in severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) in Intensive Care Units (ICU) remains unknown. The post-pandemic influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 period, in particular, has been poorly studied. To identify influenza SARI patients in ICU, to assess the usefulness of the symptoms of influenza-like illness (ILI), and to compare the features of pandemic vs. post-pandemic influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 infection. A prospective observational study with SARI patients admitted to ICU during the first three post-pandemic seasons. Patient demographics, characteristics and outcomes were recorded. An influenza epidemic period (IEP) was defined as >100 cases/100,000 inhabitants per week. One hundred sixty-three patients were diagnosed with SARI. ILI was present in 65 (39.9%) patients. Influenza infection was documented in 41 patients, 27 (41.5%) ILI patients, and 14 (14.3%) non-ILI patients, 27 of them during an IEP. Influenza A viruses were mainly responsible. Only five patients had influenza B virus infection, which were non-ILI during an IEP. SARI overall mortality was 22.1%, and 15% in influenza infection patients. Pandemic and post-pandemic influenza infection patients shared similar clinical features. During influenza epidemic periods, influenza infection screening should be considered in all SARI patients. Influenza SARI was mainly caused by subtype A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) in post-pandemic seasons, and no differences were observed in ILI and mortality rate compared with a pandemic season. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier España, S.L.U. y Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica. All rights reserved.

Influenza and other respiratory viruses detected by influenza-like illness surveillance in Leyte Island, the Philippines, 2010-2013.

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Hirono Otomaru

Full Text Available This study aimed to determine the role of influenza-like illness (ILI surveillance conducted on Leyte Island, the Philippines, including involvement of other respiratory viruses, from 2010 to 2013. ILI surveillance was conducted from January 2010 to March 2013 with 3 sentinel sites located in Tacloban city, Palo and Tanauan of Leyte Island. ILI was defined as fever ≥38°C or feverish feeling and either cough or running nose in a patient of any age. Influenza virus and other 5 respiratory viruses were searched. A total of 5,550 ILI cases visited the 3 sites and specimens were collected from 2,031 (36.6% cases. Among the cases sampled, 1,637 (75.6% were children aged <5 years. 874 (43.0% cases were positive for at least one of the respiratory viruses tested. Influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV were predominantly detected (both were 25.7% followed by human rhinovirus (HRV (17.5%. The age distributions were significantly different between those who were positive for influenza, HRV, and RSV. ILI cases were reported throughout the year and influenza virus was co-detected with those viruses on approximately half of the weeks of study period (RSV in 60.5% and HRV 47.4%. In terms of clinical manifestations, only the rates of headache and sore throat were significantly higher in influenza positive cases than cases positive to other viruses. In conclusion, syndromic ILI surveillance in this area is difficult to detect the start of influenza epidemic without laboratory confirmation which requires huge resources. Age was an important factor that affected positive rates of influenza and other respiratory viruses. Involvement of older age children may be useful to detect influenza more effectively.

Influenza-like-illness and clinically diagnosed flu: disease burden, costs and quality of life for patients seeking ambulatory care or no professional care at all.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joke Bilcke

Full Text Available This is one of the first studies to (1 describe the out-of-hospital burden of influenza-like-illness (ILI and clinically diagnosed flu, also for patients not seeking professional medical care, (2 assess influential background characteristics, and (3 formally compare the burden of ILI in patients with and without a clinical diagnosis of flu. A general population sample with recent ILI experience was recruited during the 2011-2012 influenza season in Belgium. Half of the 2250 respondents sought professional medical care, reported more symptoms (especially more often fever, a longer duration of illness, more use of medication (especially antibiotics and a higher direct medical cost than patients not seeking medical care. The disease and economic burden were similar for ambulatory ILI patients, irrespective of whether they received a clinical diagnosis of flu. On average, they experienced 5-6 symptoms over a 6-day period; required 1.6 physician visits and 86-91% took medication. An average episode amounted to €51-€53 in direct medical costs, 4 days of absence from work or school and the loss of 0.005 quality-adjusted life-years. Underlying illness led to greater costs and lower quality-of-life. The costs of ILI patients with clinically diagnosed flu tended to increase, while those of ILI patients without clinically diagnosed flu tended to decrease with age. Recently vaccinated persons experienced lower costs and a higher quality-of-life, but this was only the case for patients not seeking professional medical care. This information can be used directly to evaluate the implementation of cost-effective prevention and control measures for influenza. In particular to inform the evaluation of more widespread seasonal influenza vaccination, including in children, which is currently considered by many countries.

The Implementation of Web 2.0 Technology for Information Literacy Instruction in Thai University Libraries

Science.gov (United States)

Sawetrattanasatian, Oranuch

2014-01-01

Web 2.0 technology has drawn much attention recently as a fascinating tool for Information Literacy Instruction (ILI), especially in academic libraries. This research was aimed to investigate the implementation of Web 2.0 technology for ILI in Thai university libraries, in terms of information literacy skills being taught, types of Web 2.0…

Effectiveness of 2010/2011 seasonal influenza vaccine in Ireland.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Barret, A S

2012-02-01

We conducted a case-control study to estimate the 2010\\/2011 trivalent influenza vaccine effectiveness (TIVE) using the Irish general practitioners\\' influenza sentinel surveillance scheme. Cases were influenza-like illness (ILI) patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza. Controls were ILI patients who tested negative for influenza. Participating sentinel general practitioners (GP) collected swabs from patients presenting with ILI along with their vaccination history and other individual characteristics. The TIVE was computed as (1 - odds ratiofor vaccination) x100%. Of 60 sentinel GP practices, 22 expressed interest in participating in the study and 17 (28%) recruited at least one ILI patient. In the analysis, we included 106 cases and 85 controls. Seven controls (8.2%) and one influenza case (0.9%) had been vaccinated in 2010\\/2011. The estimated TIVE against any influenza subtype was 89.4% [95% CI: 13.8; 99.8%], suggesting a protective effect against GP-attended laboratory confirmed influenza. This study design could be used to monitor influenza vaccine effectiveness annually but sample size and vaccination coverage should be increased to obtain precise and adjusted estimates.

FİNANSAL VEKTÖREL ZAMAN DİZİLERİNDE ÖZDEĞER-ÖZVEKTÖR ANALİZİYLE EŞZAMANLI VE GECİKMELİ DOĞRUSAL İLİŞKİLERİN TESBİTİ

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REŞAT KASAP

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışmada, vektörel zaman dizilerinde modelleme aşamasında, dizilerin birbirleriyle ilişkilerini ortaya koyan eşzamanlı ve gecikmeli doğrusal ilişkilerin tesbiti, iki farklı gerçek veri grubu üzerinde gösterilmiştir. Bunlardan birincisi, üç diziden oluşan Ziraat Bankası(TCZB’nın verdiği kredi dizileridir. Diğeri ise, ABD Doları’nın BP(İngiliz Sterlini, DM(Alman Markı, SF(İsviçre Frangı, ve YEN(Japon Yeni’e göre değişimlerini veren dört dizidir. Analizler sonucunda vektör AR(1 ile modellenen her iki grupdan; birincisinde doğrusal ilişkilerin her ikisinin de olmadığı, diğer veri grubunda ise her iki ilişkinin de var olduğu görülmüştür.

O NEKIM ČAKAVSKIM IMENIMA MARIJANSKIH BLAGDANA

OpenAIRE

Vulić, Sanja

1990-01-01

Imena desetak marijanskih blagdana u desetak različitih čakavskih mjesnih govora međusobno se više ili manje razlikuju. Najčešće su motivirana samim otajstvom blagdana ili toponimom uz koji je vezan početak slavljenja stanovitoga blagdana, odnosno ojkonimom gdje se blagdan osobito svečano slavi.

Estimating the disease burden of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1 from surveillance and household surveys in Greece.

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Vana Sypsa

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to assess the disease burden of the 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1 in Greece.Data on influenza-like illness (ILI, collected through cross-sectional nationwide telephone surveys of 1,000 households in Greece repeated for 25 consecutive weeks, were combined with data from H1N1 virologic surveillance to estimate the incidence and the clinical attack rate (CAR of influenza A(H1N1. Alternative definitions of ILI (cough or sore throat and fever>38°C [ILI-38] or fever 37.1-38°C [ILI-37] were used to estimate the number of symptomatic infections. The infection attack rate (IAR was approximated using estimates from published studies on the frequency of fever in infected individuals. Data on H1N1 morbidity and mortality were used to estimate ICU admission and case fatality (CFR rates. The epidemic peaked on week 48/2009 with approximately 750-1,500 new cases/100,000 population per week, depending on ILI-38 or ILI-37 case definition, respectively. By week 6/2010, 7.1%-15.6% of the population in Greece was estimated to be symptomatically infected with H1N1. Children 5-19 years represented the most affected population group (CAR:27%-54%, whereas individuals older than 64 years were the least affected (CAR:0.6%-2.2%. The IAR (95% CI of influenza A(H1N1 was estimated to be 19.7% (13.3%, 26.1%. Per 1,000 symptomatic cases, based on ILI-38 case definition, 416 attended health services, 108 visited hospital emergency departments and 15 were admitted to hospitals. ICU admission rate and CFR were 37 and 17.5 per 100,000 symptomatic cases or 13.4 and 6.3 per 100,000 infections, respectively.Influenza A(H1N1 infected one fifth and caused symptomatic infection in up to 15% of the Greek population. Although individuals older than 65 years were the least affected age group in terms of attack rate, they had 55 and 185 times higher risk of ICU admission and CFR, respectively.

Expectations and Experiences of Information Literacy Instruction

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Saga Pohjola-Ahlin

2016-11-01

Full Text Available In May 2016, 48 third semester undergraduate students enrolled in the physiotherapy program at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden were given three sets of questionnaires; before the information literacy instruction (ILI started, at the end of the first session, and a week after, at the end of the second and last session. The aim of this small-scale pilot study was to shed some light on students’ motivation to attend ILI, how they value the sessions afterwards and how they assess their learning outcome. Furthermore, it was an attempt to do a "students’ user experience study” in a pedagogical setting, with the intention to evaluate and improve teaching in ILI to meet student expectations. The average response rate for the three questionnaires was 92%. The results show that students’ expectations were similar to the actual content of ILI, and that the students were satisfied with their own learning outcome. Both motivation and the sense of relevance got higher scores after students attended ILI. Motivation rose from 7,4 to 8,12 out of 10. This is positive because a high level of motivation often improves the learning outcome (Schunk, 2012. When asked which areas most needed improvement in order to further enhance their learning outcome, the most common responses were “the pedagogy” and “my own achievement”. It would be interesting to start collaborating with a group of students in order to explore new methods and learning activities.

Lifestyle Intervention Improves Heart Rate Recovery from Exercise in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Results from the Look AHEAD Study

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Paul M. Ribisl

2012-01-01

Full Text Available The primary aims of this paper were (1 to evaluate the influence of intensive lifestyle weight loss and exercise intervention (ILI compared with diabetes support and education (DSE upon Heart Rate Recovery (HRR from graded exercise testing (GXT and (2 to determine the independent and combined effects of weight loss and fitness changes upon HRR. In 4503 participants (45–76 years who completed 1 year of intervention, HRR was measured after a submaximal GXT to compare the influence of (ILI with (DSE upon HRR. Participants assigned to ILI lost an average 8.6% of their initial weight versus 0.7% in DSE group (P<0.001 while mean fitness increased in ILI by 20.9% versus 5.8% in DSE (P<0.001. At Year 1, all exercise and HRR variables in ILI improved (P<0.0001 versus DSE: heart rate (HR at rest was lower (72.8±11.4 versus 77.7±11.7 b/min, HR range was greater (57.7±12.1 versus 53.1±12.4 b/min, HR at 2 minutes was lower (89.3±21.8 versus 93.0±12.1 b/min, and HRR was greater (41.25±22.0 versus 37.8±12.5 b/min. Weight loss and fitness gain produced significant separate and independent improvements in HRR.

The effect of school dismissal on rates of influenza-like illness in New York City schools during the spring 2009 novel H1N1 outbreak.

Science.gov (United States)

Egger, Joseph R; Konty, Kevin J; Wilson, Elisha; Karpati, Adam; Matte, Thomas; Weiss, Don; Barbot, Oxiris

2012-03-01

The effects of individual school dismissal on influenza transmission have not been well studied. During the spring 2009 novel H1N1 outbreak, New York City implemented an individual school dismissal policy intended to limit influenza transmission at schools with high rates of influenza-like illness (ILI). Active disease surveillance data collected by the New York City Health Department on rates of ILI in schools were used to evaluate the impact. Sixty-four schools that met the Health Department's criteria for considering dismissal were included in the analysis. Twenty-four schools that met criteria subsequently dismissed all classes for approximately 1 school week. A regression model was fit to these data, estimating the effect of school dismissal on rates of in-school ILI following reconvening, adjusting for potential confounders. The model estimated that, on average, school dismissal reduced the rate of ILI by 7.1% over the entire average outbreak period. However, a large proportion of in-school ILI occurred before dismissal criteria were met. A separate model estimated that school absenteeism rates were not significantly affected by dismissal. Results suggest that individual school dismissal could be considered in situations where schools have a disproportionate number of high-risk students or may be unable to implement recommended preventive or infection control measures. Future work should focus on developing more sensitive indicators of early outbreak detection in schools and evaluating the impact of school dismissal on community transmission. © 2012, American School Health Association.

Teacher led school-based surveillance can allow accurate tracking of emerging infectious diseases - evidence from serial cross-sectional surveys of febrile respiratory illness during the H1N1 2009 influenza pandemic in Singapore

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Soh Shu E

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Schools are important foci of influenza transmission and potential targets for surveillance and interventions. We compared several school-based influenza monitoring systems with clinic-based influenza-like illness (ILI surveillance, and assessed the variation in illness rates between and within schools. Methods During the initial wave of pandemic H1N1 (pdmH1N1 infections from June to Sept 2009 in Singapore, we collected data on nation-wide laboratory confirmed cases (Sch-LCC and daily temperature monitoring (Sch-DTM, and teacher-led febrile respiratory illness reporting in 6 sentinel schools (Sch-FRI. Comparisons were made against age-stratified clinic-based influenza-like illness (ILI data from 23 primary care clinics (GP-ILI and proportions of ILI testing positive for pdmH1N1 (Lab-ILI by computing the fraction of cumulative incidence occurring by epidemiological week 30 (when GP-ILI incidence peaked; and cumulative incidence rates between school-based indicators and sero-epidemiological pdmH1N1 incidence (estimated from changes in prevalence of A/California/7/2009 H1N1 hemagglutination inhibition titers ≥ 40 between pre-epidemic and post-epidemic sera. Variation in Sch-FRI rates in the 6 schools was also investigated through a Bayesian hierarchical model. Results By week 30, for primary and secondary school children respectively, 63% and 79% of incidence for Sch-LCC had occurred, compared with 50% and 52% for GP-ILI data, and 48% and 53% for Sch-FRI. There were 1,187 notified cases and 7,588 episodes in the Sch-LCC and Sch-DTM systems; given school enrollment of 485,723 children, this represented 0.24 cases and 1.6 episodes per 100 children respectively. Mean Sch-FRI rate was 28.8 per 100 children (95% CI: 27.7 to 29.9 in the 6 schools. We estimate from serology that 41.8% (95% CI: 30.2% to 55.9% of primary and 43.2% (95% CI: 28.2% to 60.8% of secondary school-aged children were infected. Sch-FRI rates were similar across

Analysis of the representation of alcohol consumption and its prevention, from the perspective of framing theory, in the Spanish press: El País, El Mundo, Abc and La Razón

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María-José Rabadán-Zaragoza

2012-01-01

Full Text Available This article presents the results of the analysis of 103 alcohol-related texts published from January to June, 2009, by four Spanish newspapers: El País (22, El Mundo (35, Abc (24, and La Razón (22. Two methods were used to examine the representation of alcohol: structural analysis based on Kayser’s model (1982 and content analysis based on framing theory. The latter method has been used to examine the journalistic treatment of biotechnology (Durant, Bauer, and Gaskell, 1998; Nisbet, M.C., Brossard, and Kroepsch, 2003; Rodríguez-Luque, 2009, which has been adapted to examine the subject of drugs (Paricio, 2010. A reliability of 90% was achieved in the Cohen’s Kappa coefficient test for the 67 variables examined in this study. The genre most dedicated to the subject of alcohol was news articles (66.9%, whose main theme was related conflict (19 texts, particularly the consequences of drunk driving (9 texts. The most used frames by journalists were, in decreasing order, crime (identified in 62 texts, new research results (in 11 texts, and epidemiology (in 15 texts. However, only few texts were dedicated to the prevention of alcohol consumption (a theme in only 4.85% of the sample and the legal institutions dedicated to this activity (2.91%.

Public Relations In Strategic Management: The Case Of Metropolitan Municipalities In Turkey Stratejik Yönetimde Halkla İlişkiler: Türkiye Büyükşehir Belediyeleri Araştırması

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Hasan GÜLLÜPUNAR

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Public relations is an application field providing management of all communication processes in institutional field. It forms management of strategic communication and a part of strategic management. In this regard, it is an important part of strategic planning process.In the study, the place of public relations in strategic management of municipality is handled in terms of strategic plans prepared by metropolitan municipalities. Strategic plans of sixteen metropolitan municipalities were analyzed by content analysis method in terms of public relations approach.The study revealed that public relations is an accepted fact in strategic planning process but it did not turn into an efficient application. Especially the following points can be mentioned as the significant ones; there is no sufficient coordination between public relations and other departments, there is no culture of working in coordination with public relations in terms of efficiency in services and increasing quality and there is no duty and responsibility given to public relations in aims and targets of strategic management.The study analyzes strategic plans of metropolitan municipalities to understand role and impact of public relations in Turkey. For this reason, the research contributes to understanding the role and significance of public relations in strategic planning processes. Because this paper is one of the initial studies done concerning strategic planning focused on public relations in Turkey. Its findings show the place of public relations in strategic management of metropolitan municipalities in Turkey. Halkla ilişkiler kurumsal alanda bütün iletişim süreçlerininyönetimini sağlayan bir uygulama alanıdır. Hem stratejik bir iletişimyönetimi hem de stratejik yönetimin bir unsurudur. Bu nedenlestratejik planlama sürecinin önemli bir parçasıdır.Çalışmada belediyelerin stratejik yönetiminde halkla ilişkilerinyeri, büyükşehir belediyeleri taraf

Entre a Psicanálise e o Romantismo: a razão, o limite e a civilização = Between Psychoanalysis and Romantism: reason, limit and civilization

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Eduardo Melo França

2012-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho é contextualizar e problematizar as semelhanças e diferenças entre o modo como a Psicanálise e o Romantismo tratam a (necessidade da razão. Partindo da ideia de racionalidade e de domínio da natureza e do desejo, mostraremos como essas duas disciplinas possuem o mesmo objeto de análise, mas métodos e perspectivas diferentes de abordá-lo. Para isso, em alguns momentos será necessário situar tanto a Psicanálise quanto o Romantismo frente ao Iluminismo. Como parâmetro para o nosso estudo, tomaremos o texto A posição de Freud na moderna história das ideias, de Thomas Mann, onde o autor destaca o modo como a psicanálise ao mesmo tempo preza pela racionalidade mas não recai no naturalismo científico.The aim of this study is to contextualize and problematize the similarities and differences between the place that reason holds in the core of psychoanalytic and romantic thinking. Starting from the idea of rationality and mastery of nature and desire, we show how psychoanalysis and romanticism have the same object of analysis, but different methods and perspectives of approach. For this, at certain times it will be necessary to situate both psychoanalysis and Romanticism against the Enlightenment. As a parameter for our study, we will take the text A posição de Freud na moderna história das ideias, by Thomas Mann, where the author highlights how psychoanalysis at the same time stands for rationality but falls outside the scientific naturalism.

A study of the health and economic effects of influenza-like illness on the working population under different working environments of a large corporation in Hong Kong.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Kenneth K C; Li, Shu Chuen; Kwong, Kai Sun; Chan, Thomas Y K; Lee, Vivian W Y; Lau, Joseph T F

2008-01-01

The incidence, health and economic impacts of influenza-like illness (ILI) among the working population in Hong Kong had never been studied. Due to the nature of the disease, ILIs can have a significant impact on the operation of a corporation in terms of loss of productivity and reduced work performance. The present study was undertaken to determine the health and economic impacts of ILIs under different environmental conditions on the working population of a large corporation. Over 2,000 employees of a large corporation in the travelling and tourism industry were studied with three different types of working environment (confined, typical office and well ventilated) by two structured questionnaires. The most affected group in terms of productivity and health was the group working in a confined area, whilst those working in a well-ventilated area were least affected. However, symptoms of the confined area group seemed to disappear faster. The infection rate appeared to vary according to work environment for the studied population. Policies on preventive measures and early treatment are important for a corporation to reduce loss in productivity due to ILIs.

Working Characteristics of a Mechanical Insufflation-Exsufflation Device

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Yan Shi

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Secretions of ventilated patients must be cleared efficiently and timely; to improve the secretion clearance efficiency of an insufflation-exsufflation device (IL-IE device and lay a foundation for the optimization of the IL-IE device, a mathematical model of the ventilation system with the IL-IE device is set up. Through the experimental and simulation research on the ventilation system, it can be concluded that, firstly, the mathematical model is proved to be authentic and reliable. Secondly, with the deposition of secretion or an increase in the respiratory compliance, the peak exsufflation airflow may be reduced. Thirdly, with a decrease in the suction pressure, the peak exsufflation airflow of the ventilated lung may rise proportionally, but the minimum pressure in the ventilated lung may descend proportionally. To improve the efficiency of the secretion clearance but not to injure the ventilated patient, the suction pressure can be elevated properly. Last, increasing the inspiratory positive airway pressure (IPAP is a method to improve the secretion clearance efficiency. This research lays a foundation for improving the secretion clearance efficiency of the IL-IE device.

[Influenza-like illness. Therapeutic experience in family medicine].

Science.gov (United States)

Muñoz-Cortés, Gerardo; García-Zavala, Guadalupe Ulises; Estrada-Andrade, María Elena

2013-01-01

influenza is a highly contagious respiratory disease. Surveillance in Mexico is based on the detection of Influenza-Like Illness (ILI) and antiviral treatment should begin within 48 hours to avoid the main complication, pneumonia. The aim was to describe the experience of treatment of ILI in a family medicine unit. a descriptive study included patients presented to the emergency room with ILI (38°C fever, headache and cough accompanied by other symptoms). We reviewed the reporting formats of Influenza. To follow up, we contacted them by telephone. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. there were 537 patients attended with diagnosis of upper airway infection, 1.3 % met criteria for ILI. 85.7 % were men. The mean age was 18 ± 24.21 years. The patients were seen in a mean time of 19.14 hours after the symptoms have started; 100 % of the patients received treatment with oseltamivir and zanamivir; 14.3 % developed pneumonia. All the patients recovered without concomitant disease or complications. The use of a protocol in patients with influenza in a family medicine unit led an early diagnosis and treatment that favored the patients' health restoration.

Kolobok ubegajet i vozvrashajetsja ... desjat raz!

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2005-01-01

Esmakordselt Vene Draamateater otsustas lavastada etenduse-seriaali "Kakuke", mis koosneb kümnest iseseisvast etendusest. Loo autor on J. Morozova, lavastaja A. Potuzhnõi, muusika kirjutas E. Toman ja luuletused J. Skulskaja, kunstnik on A. Korsmik

Portret : dotsh ili mat? / Valeria Bobõleva

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Bobõljova, Valeria, 1945-

2003-01-01

Moskvas Pushkini-nimelises Kujutava Kunsti Muuseumis oleva Henry Francois Viollier (1750-1829) miniatuurmaalist tundmatu autori poolt maalitud koopia atributsioon. Autor jõuab järeldusele, et maalil on Natalja Ivanovna Gontsharova asemel kujutatud Euphrosine Ulrika von Liphart-Posset

Dálník čili ekomobil

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Ireinová, Martina

2003-01-01

Roč. 86, č. 4 (2003), s. 222-223 ISSN 0027-8203 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z9061902 Keywords : Czech denomination of cab- motorcycle * spoken language * linguistics Subject RIV: AI - Linguistics

Kiberataki - ugroza realnaja ili virtualnaja? / Jevgenija Garanzha

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Garanža, Jevgenija, 1979-

2008-01-01

Autor arutleb koos kaitseministeeriumi side- ja infotehnoloogia osakonna juhataja Mihkel Tammetiga, milline on küberrünnakutest tulenev reaalne ja virtuaalne oht. Vt. samas: Ajalehe märkus NATO juures tegutseva küberkaitse keskuse kohta; Mõistest "botnet"

Made in Narva ili nashi v Seule

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2008-01-01

Hiigelsuure titaanskulptuuri "Post-Mapping" valmistamisest saksa firma Trinon Titanium Narva tehases ja selle paigaldamisest tehnoloogiainstituudi hoone fuajeesse Soulis. Skulptuuri autor on arhitekt Lawrence Wallen

Outbreaks of health care-associated influenza-like illness in France: Impact of electronic notification.

Science.gov (United States)

Munier-Marion, Elodie; Bénet, Thomas; Dananché, Cédric; Soing-Altach, Sophan; Maugat, Sylvie; Vaux, Sophie; Vanhems, Philippe

2017-11-01

Mandatory notification of health care-associated (HA) infections, including influenza-like illness (ILI) outbreaks, has been implemented in France since 2001. In 2012, the system moved to online electronic notification of HA infections (e-SIN). The objectives of this study are to describe ILI outbreak notifications to Santé publique France (SPF), the French national public health agency, and to evaluate the impact of notification dematerialization. All notifications of HA ILI outbreaks between July 2001 and June 2015 were included. Notifications before and after e-SIN implementation were compared regarding notification delay and information exhaustiveness. Overall, 506 HA ILI outbreaks were reported, accounting for 7,861 patients and health care professionals. Median delay between occurrence of the first case and notification was, respectively, 32 and 13 days before and after e-SIN utilization (P < .001). Information exhaustiveness was improved by electronic notification regarding HA status (8.5% of missing data before and 2.3% after e-SIN, P = .003), hypotheses of cause (25.4% of missing data before vs 8.0% after e-SIN, P < .001), and level of event control (23.7% of missing data before vs 7.5% after e-SIN, P < .001). HA influenza notifications, including HA ILI or influenza, to health authorities are essential to guide decisional instances and health care practices. Electronic notifications have improved the timeliness and quality of information transmitted. Copyright © 2017 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Lessons from the epidemiological surveillance program, during the influenza A (H1N1 virus epidemic, in a reference university hospital of Southeastern Brazil

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Maria Luiza Moretti

2011-08-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCTION: The case definition of influenza-like illness (ILI is a powerful epidemiological tool during influenza epidemics. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the impact of two definitions used as epidemiological tools, in adults and children, during the influenza A H1N1 epidemic. Patients were included if they had upper respiratory samples tested for influenza by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction during two periods, using the ILI definition (coughing + temperature > 38ºC in period 1, and the definition of severe acute respiratory infection (ARS (coughing + temperature > 38ºC and dyspnoea in period 2. RESULTS: The study included 366 adults and 147 children, covering 243 cases of ILI and 270 cases of ARS. Laboratory confirmed cases of influenza were higher in adults (50% than in children (21.6% ( p < 0.0001 and influenza infection was more prevalent in the ILI definition (53% than ARS (24.4% (p < 0.0001. Adults reported more chills and myalgia than children (p = 0.0001. Oseltamivir was administered in 58% and 46% of adults and children with influenza A H1N1, respectively. The influenza A H1N1 case fatality rate was 7% in adults and 8.3% in children. The mean time from onset of illness until antiviral administration was 4 days. CONCLUSIONS: The modification of ILI to ARS definition resulted in less accuracy in influenza diagnosis and did not improve the appropriate time and use of antiviral medication.

Lifelong learning in public libraries principles, programs, and people

CERN Document Server

Gilton, Donna L

2012-01-01

Lifelong Learning in Public Libraries demonstrates that public librarians can promote learning by combining the elements of Information Literacy Instruction (ILI) with traditional practices of public libraries. This approach contributes to the information enfranchisement of patrons and enhances the fulfillment of the traditional goals and purposes of libraries. Donna L. Gilton provides background on ILI and current developments in public library instruction and also examines educational the

Analogia humeana entre a ação moral e o movimento mecânico: uma interpretação para a relação entre as paixões e a razão

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Andreh Sabino Ribeiro

2012-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo consiste em apresentar a analogia que David Hume (1711 – 1776 estabelece entre a açáo moral e o movimento mecânico como indicativo claro de sua compreensáo acerca da relaçáo entre a razáo (direçáo e as paixões (força na conduta humana. Estendendo-se desde a epistemologia moral de Hume até sua moral social, a noçáo que carrega a referida analogia serviria para endossar a tese de que o filósofo escocês almejava ser uma espécie de “Newton das ciências morais”. Isto significava pensar a filosofia moral dentro dos limites da natureza e permitir-lhe uma autonomia investigativa, especialmente em relaçáo à instância religiosa. O próprio projeto filosófico de Hume seria performático da imagem do movimento, enquanto formado por uma composiçáo indissociável entre o impulso do conteúdo de tendência sentimentalista, na esteira de Shaftesbury e Hutcheson, e o direcionamento metodológico do rigor empirista de origem baconiana-newtoniana.

Clinical results of neurotransmission SPECT in extra-pyramidal diseases; Resultats cliniques de la TEMP de la neurotransmission en pathologie extra-pyramidale

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Baulieu, J.L.; Prunier, C.; Tranquart, F.; Guilloteau, D. [Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bretonneau, Service de Medecine Nucleaire in vitro, INSERM U316, 37 - Tours (France)

1999-12-01

We present some methodological aspects and clinical applications of dopamine D2 receptor and transporter SPECT using new radiotracers radiolabeled with iodine 123. The gamma camera quality control and standardisation has to be adapted to the small volume and deep location of striata, where receptors and transporters are present. Phantom containing hollow spheres of different diameters which can be filled with different amounts of {sup 99m}Tc or {sup 123}I. The semi quantitation of receptor and transporter molecular concentration is based on an equilibrium binding model. According to this model, the binding potential (Bmax. Ka) is equal to the ratio between specific binding in the striatum and circulating activity in a reference region of interest in the occipital cortex. By comparing ECD and ILIS SPECT, it has been shown that striatal ILIS binding does not depend on the local perfusion. The clinical applications mainly concern the extra-pyramidal pathology: ILIS and IBZM SPECT are able to differentiate pre- and post-synaptic lesions. In Parkinson disease the nigrostriatal pathway is damaged and D2 receptors are normal or increased, as shown by normal or elevated IBZM or ILIS uptake. In other extra pyramidal degenerative diseases as progressive supra nuclear palsy or multiple system atrophy striatal D2 receptors are damaged as shown by decreased IBZM or ILIS uptake. In our experience, 88 per cent of patients are correctly classified by ILIS SPECT and 86 per cent with IBZM SPECT. Dopamine transporter SPECT with {beta}CIT and PE2I provides an evaluation of the presynaptic neuronal density in the striatum. One can expect an help for the early diagnosis and the evaluation of Parkinson disease. Another potential application of dopaminergic neurotransmission SPECT is the evaluation of neuronal loss after hypoxo-ischemia. We conclude that dopaminergic neurotransmission SPECT using specific ligands should become a useful diagnosis tool to study a large number of brain

Halkın Genetiği Değiştirilmiş Ürünlere/Üretilme Süreçlerine Yönelik Algıları ve Etik İnançları

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Özlen Özgen

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Bu araştırmanın amacı, halkın genetiği değiştirilmiş ürünlere ve üretilme süreçlerine yönelik fayda/risk algıları ile etik inançları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Araştırma materyalinin toplanmasında karşılıklı görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Likert tipi cümlelere verilen yanıtlar puanlanmış, geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizi yapılmıştır. Yaş değişkenine bağlı farklılığın belirlenebilmesi için t-testi uygulanmıştır. Bireylerin genetiği değiştirilmiş ürünlere/üretilme süreçlerine bağlı fayda/risk algıları ile etik inançları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amacı ile Pearson korelasyon analizi yapılmıştır. Bulgular; tüketicilerin genetiği değiştirilmiş ürünlere ilişkin fayda algılarının, genetiği değiştirilmiş ürünlere ve üretilme süreçlerine ilişkin risk algılarının, genetiği değiştirilmiş ürünlere ve üretilme süreçlerine ilişkin etik inançlarının yaşa bağlı olarak değiştiğini göstermektedir. Pearson korelasyon analizi sonucunda p<0.001 düzeyinde anlamlı ilişkiler saptanmıştır.

Early detection for cases of enterovirus- and influenza-like illness through a newly established school-based syndromic surveillance system in Taipei, January 2010 ~ August 2011.

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Ting Chia Weng

Full Text Available School children may transmit pathogens with cluster cases occurring on campuses and in families. In response to the 2009 influenza A (H1N1 pandemic, Taipei City Government officials developed a School-based Infectious Disease Syndromic Surveillance System (SID-SSS. Teachers and nurses from preschools to universities in all 12 districts within Taipei are required to daily report cases of symptomatic children or sick leave requests through the SID-SSS. The pre-diagnosis at schools is submitted firstly as common pediatric disease syndrome-groups and re-submitted after confirmation by physicians. We retrieved these data from January 2010 to August 2011 for spatio-temporal analysis and evaluated the temporal trends with cases obtained from both the Emergency Department-based Syndromic Surveillance System (ED-SSS and the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005 (LHID2005. Through the SID-SSS, enterovirus-like illness (EVI and influenza-like illness (ILI were the two most reported syndrome groups (77.6% and 15.8% among a total of 19,334 cases, respectively. The pre-diagnosis judgments made by school teachers and nurses showed high consistency with physicians' clinical diagnoses for EVI (97.8% and ILI (98.9%. Most importantly, the SID-SSS had better timeliness with earlier peaks of EVI and ILI than those in the ED-SSS. Furthermore, both of the syndrome groups in these two surveillance systems had the best correlation reaching 0.98 and 0.95, respectively (p<0.01. Spatio-temporal analysis observed the patterns of EVI and ILI both diffuse from the northern suburban districts to central Taipei, with ILI spreading faster. This novel system can identify early suspected cases of two important pediatric infections occurring at schools, and clusters from schools/families. It was also cost-effective (95.5% of the operation cost reduced and 59.7% processing time saved. The timely surveillance of mild EVI and ILI cases integrated with spatial analysis may help

Análise das necessidades hídricas da vegetação Tamarisk através da razão de Bowen e do modelo SEBAL Water demand analysis of the Tamarisk vegetation through of the Bowen ratio and SEBAL model

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Carlos Antonio Costa dos Santos

2011-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo desse estudo foi determinar a evapotranspiração real diária (ETr da vegetação tamarisk utilizando dados micrometeorológicos e o modelo SEBAL. Foram utilizados dados provenientes do método da razão de Bowen, além do modelo SEBAL aplicado a imagens do Landsat 5 - TM, na obtenção da ETr diária da vegetação tamarisk do Baixo Rio Colorado, CA/EUA. Na obtenção da evapotranspiração de referência (ET0 foi utilizado o método da FAO/Penman-Monteith. Os resultados mostram características de forte advecção de ar, e que a radiação solar é o componente de maior influência na obtenção da ET0. Verifica-se também, que a vegetação tamarisk tem alto consumo hídrico e a sua rápida expansão poderá trazer impactos negativos para os rios da região. As estimativas da ETr pelo modelo SEBAL são similares aos valores medidos na torre micrometeorológica pelo método da razão de Bowen, demonstrando a aplicabilidade do modelo SEBAL na obtenção da distribuição espacial da evapotranspiração real diária.The objective of this study was to determine the daily actual evapotranspiration (ETr of the tamarisk vegetation using micrometeorological data and SEBAL model. Data originating from the Bowen ratio method were used, besides the SEBAL model applied to TM Landsat 5 image for obtaining the daily ETr of the tamarisk vegetation of Lower Colorado River, CA/USA. For obtaining the reference evapotranspiration (ET0 the FAO/Penman-Monteith method was used. The results show characteristics of strong air advection and that the solar radiation has the largest influence in obtaining ET0, as well as, that the tamarisk vegetation has high water demand and its fast expansion can bring negative impacts for the rivers of the area. The estimates of ETr through the SEBAL model are similar to the measured values on the micrometeorological tower by the Bowen ratio method, demonstrating the applicability of the SEBAL model to obtain the spatial

O que Determina a Tomada de Decisão Financeira: razão ou emoção?What Determines the Financial Decision-Making: reason or emotion?¿Qué es lo que Determina la Toma de la Decisión Financiera: la razón o la emoción?

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SANTOS, José Odálio dos

2011-03-01

Full Text Available RESUMOÉ importante destacar que nem todos os investidores interpretam da mesma forma as informações relevantes divulgadas no mercado, o que pode ser explicado pelas seguintes condições divergentes: crenças, valores, qualidade do banco de dados que utilizam, nível de conhecimento técnico e importância que atribuem às informações qualitativas e quantitativas extraídas do objeto de avaliação. A pesquisa visa a compreender a lógica do processo de tomada de decisão financeira de parte do segmento de pessoas físicas no Brasil. Para isso, foi realizada uma investigação das heurísticas e dos vieses presentes na tomada de decisão dessas pessoas, considerando que o investidor e o consumidor são influenciados por diversos aspectos psicológicos e racionais. Uma pesquisa baseada em fundamentos básicos de Finanças Comportamentais foi aplicada em uma amostra demograficamente qualificada de assinantes de uma das principais editoras brasileiras de revistas. Desse total, obteve-se resposta, via Internet, de 641 brasileiros segmentados por gênero, idade, renda e escolaridade. Na pesquisa, avaliou-se, em cada grupo, a presença de heurísticas e vieses como, por exemplo, excesso de confiança, representatividade, ancoragem e procrastinação. Os resultados da pesquisa mostraram que tanto a razão quanto a emoção influenciaram nas respostas da predominância dos participantes da amostra. A maioria das pessoas considera que seu comportamento financeiro é mais racional do que o de seus pares. Como se esperava, o estudo indicou diferenças significativas no comportamento de acordo com o gênero, idade, escolaridade e renda.ABSTRACTIt is important to detach that nor all the investors interpret in the same way the relevant information divulged in the market, what can be explained by the following divergent or different conditions: beliefs, values, quality of the database that they use, level of technical knowledge and importance they attach

Internet-based surveillance of Influenza-like-illness in the UK during the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic

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Ealden Toby

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Internet-based surveillance systems to monitor influenza-like illness (ILI have advantages over traditional (physician-based reporting systems, as they can potentially monitor a wider range of cases (i.e. including those that do not seek care. However, the requirement for participants to have internet access and to actively participate calls into question the representativeness of the data. Such systems have been in place in a number of European countries over the last few years, and in July 2009 this was extended to the UK. Here we present results of this survey with the aim of assessing the reliability of the data, and to evaluate methods to correct for possible biases. Methods Internet-based monitoring of ILI was launched near the peak of the first wave of the UK H1N1v influenza pandemic. We compared the recorded ILI incidence with physician-recorded incidence and an estimate of the true number of cases over the course of the epidemic. We also compared overall attack rates. The effect of using different ILI definitions and alternative denominator assumptions on incidence estimates was explored. Results The crude incidence measured by the internet-based system appears to be influenced by individuals who participated only once in the survey and who appeared more likely to be ill. This distorted the overall incidence trend. Concentrating on individuals who reported more than once results in a time series of ILI incidence that matches the trend of case estimates reasonably closely, with a correlation of 0.713 (P-value: 0.0001, 95% CI: 0.435, 0.867. Indeed, the internet-based system appears to give a better estimate of the relative height of the two waves of the UK pandemic than the physician-recorded incidence. The overall attack rate is, however, higher than other estimates, at about 16% when compared with a model-based estimate of 6%. Conclusion Internet-based monitoring of ILI can capture the trends in case numbers if

Okulöncesi Öğretmenlerinin Erken Matematik Eğitimine İlişkin Özyeterlikleri

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ÇELİK, Meryem

2017-01-01

Bu araştırmanın amacı, okulöncesi öğretmenlerinin erken matematik eğitimine ilişkin özyeterlik düzeyleri ve bu düzeylerle çeşitli değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektir. Araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturan 2013 yılında okulöncesi öğretmenliği yapan 60 öğretmene “Okulöncesi Öğretmenlerinin Erken Matematik Eğitimine İlişkin Yeterliklerini Belirleme Aracı” uygulanmıştır. Analizler sonucunda öğretmenlerin erken matematik eğitimine ilişkin yeterlilik düzeylerinin iyi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılm...

Continued dominance of pandemic A(H1N1 2009 influenza in Victoria, Australia in 2010

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James E. Fielding

2011-08-01

Full Text Available The 2010 Victorian influenza season was characterized by normal seasonal influenza activity and the dominance of the pandemic A(H1N1 2009 strain. General Practice Sentinel Surveillance rates peaked at 9.4 ILI cases per 1000 consultations in week 36 for metropolitan practices, and at 10.5 ILI cases per 1000 in the following week for rural practices. Of the 678 ILI cases, 23% were vaccinated, a significantly higher percentage than in previous years. A significantly higher percentage of ILI patients were swabbed in 2010 compared to 2003–2008, but similar to 2009, with a similar percentage being positive for influenza as in previous years. Vaccination rates increased with patient age. Melbourne Medical Deputising Service rates peaked in week 35 at 19.1 ILI cases per 1000 consultations. Of the 1914 cases of influenza notified to the Department of Health, Victoria, 1812 (95% were influenza A infections - 1001 (55% pandemic A(H1N1 2009, 4 (<1% A(H3N2 and 807 (45% not subtyped; 88 (5% were influenza B; and 14 (< 1% were influenza A and B co-infections. The World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza tested 403 isolates of which 261 were positive for influenza, 250 of which were influenza A and 11 were influenza B. Ninety-two per cent of the influenza A viruses were pandemic A(H1N1 2009, and following antigenic analysis all of these were found to be similar to the current vaccine strain. Three viruses (0.9% were found to be oseltamivir resistant due to an H275Y mutation in the neuraminidase gene.

Risk factors of respiratory syncytial virus infection among pediatric influenza-like illness and severe acute respiratory infections in Suzhou, China.

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Huang, Yukai; Hua, Jun; Wang, Dan; Chen, Liling; Zhang, Jun; Zhu, Hong; Tian, Jianmei; Zhang, Tao; Zhao, Genming

2018-03-01

The characteristics and risk factors of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection among children has not yet been fully understood. To address the characteristics of RSV-associated illness and risk factors of RSV infection among children under 5 years of age in Suzhou, China. From April 2011 to March 2014, we conducted a prospective surveillance among children in Suzhou, China. Nasal or throat swabs were collected from outpatients with influenza-like illness (ILI) and inpatients with severe acute respiratory infections (SARI). RSV was detected by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and direct fluorescent antibody assay for children with ILI and SARI, respectively. Multivariable logistic-regression models were constructed to explore risk factors and symptoms of RSV infection. Of 3267 ILI and 1838 SARI children enrolled in the study, 192 (5.9%) and 287 (15.6%) tested positive for RSV, respectively. Among ILI patients, children with RSV infections visited clinics more often (P = 0.005) and had longer duration of fever (P = 0.032) than those without RSV infection. All RSV-positive children had an increased risk of having cough (OR = 2.9), rhinorrhea (OR = 1.6), breathing difficulty (OR = 3.4), wheezing (OR = 3.3), and irritability (OR = 2.7). Children aged respiratory infections (OR = 1.3) were more likely to get infected by RSV. Children with SARI had higher positive rate of RSV than those with ILI. Cough, rhinorrhea, and wheezing were the most common symptoms in RSV infection. Children aged respiratory infections were the potential risk factors for RSV infection. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Laboratory surveillance of influenza-like illness in seven teaching hospitals, South Korea: 2011-2012 season.

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Ji Yun Noh

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: A well-constructed and properly operating influenza surveillance scheme is essential for public health. This study was conducted to evaluate the distribution of respiratory viruses in patients with influenza-like illness (ILI through the first teaching hospital-based surveillance scheme for ILI in South Korea. METHODS: Respiratory specimens were obtained from adult patients (≥18 years who visited the emergency department (ED with ILI from week 40, 2011 to week 22, 2012. Multiplex PCR was performed to detect respiratory viruses: influenza virus, adenovirus, coronavirus, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus, bocavirus, and enterovirus. RESULTS: Among 1,983 patients who visited the ED with ILI, 811 (40.9% were male. The median age of patients was 43 years. Influenza vaccination rate was 21.7% (430/1,983 during the 2011-2012 season. At least one comorbidity was found in 18% of patients. The positive rate of respiratory viruses was 52.1% (1,033/1,983 and the total number of detected viruses was 1,100. Influenza A virus was the dominant agent (677, 61.5% in all age groups. The prevalence of human metapneumovirus was higher in patients more than 50 years old, while adenovirus was detected only in younger adults. In 58 (5.6% cases, two or more respiratory viruses were detected. The co-incidence case was identified more frequently in patients with hematologic malignancy or organ transplantation recipients, however it was not related to clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION: This study is valuable as the first extensive laboratory surveillance of the epidemiology of respiratory viruses in ILI patients through a teaching hospital-based influenza surveillance system in South Korea.

Problematika međunarodne regulative prijevoza stvari morem : (prijedlog unifikacijskog usklađivanja

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Ivo Grabovac

2001-07-01

Full Text Available Činjenica da su neke države vezane Haško-Visbyjskim (ili samo Haškim ili Visbyjskim pravilima, a i o Protokolu iz 1979. godine također valja voditi računa, dok su druge spremne primjenjivati Hamburška pravila, ili druge kombinacije s Haaško-Visbyjskim pravilima, ne pridonosi ujednačavanju pomorskog prava na području prijevoza stvari. Postoji i mišljenje da bi ujednačavanju pomorskog prijevoza stvari pridonijela suvremena koncepcija nove konvencije koja bi na temeljima dosadašnjih iskustava optimalnije uvažavala interese broda i tereta. U radu se, upravo u cilju tog ujednačavanja, nastoje pronaći zajednička rješenja, iste ili bliske pravne regulacije u obje međunarodne konvencije. Međutim, iskazuju se i znatne razlike u rješenjima, a u Hamburškim pravilima ima i odredaba koje uređuju sasvim nove odnose. Prati se i rad u okviru Comité maritime international (CMI pa se izlažu i stajališta nacionalnih udruženja za pomorsko pravo. Konačno, izlažu se mnogobrojna komparativna rješenja.

Evaluation of an influenza-like illness case definition in the diagnosis of influenza among patients with acute febrile illness in Cambodia.

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Kasper, Matthew R; Wierzba, Thomas F; Sovann, Ly; Blair, Patrick J; Putnam, Shannon D

2010-11-07

Influenza-like illness (ILI) is often defined as fever (>38.0°C) with cough or sore throat. In this study, we tested the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of this case definition in a Cambodia patient population. Passive clinic-based surveillance was established at nine healthcare centers to identify the causes of acute undifferentiated fever in patients aged two years and older seeking treatment. Fever was defined as tympanic membrane temperature >38°C lasting more than 24 hours and less than 10 days. Influenza virus infections were identified by polymerase chain reaction. From July 2008 to December 2008, 2,639 patients were enrolled. From 884 (33%) patients positive for influenza, 652 presented with ILI and 232 acute fever patients presented without ILI. Analysis by age group identified no significant differences between influenza positive patients from the two groups. Positive predictive values (PPVs) varied during the course of the influenza season and among age groups. The ILI case definition can be used to identify a significant percentage of patients with influenza infection during the influenza season in Cambodia, assisting healthcare providers in its diagnosis and treatment. However, testing samples based on the criteria of fever alone increased our case detection by 34%.

FINDIK TARIMI YAPILAN TOPRAKLARIN BİYOKİMYASAL AKTİVİTE ÖZELLİKLERİ İLE TOPRAK ÖZELLİKLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLER

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Ayten KARACA

1998-03-01

Full Text Available Bu araştırmada, Terme - Ünye yöresinde fındık tarımı yapılan topraklarda üreaz, ß- Glikosidaz, asit ve alkali fosfataz enzim aktiviteleri belirlenmiş ve bu aktiviteler ile toprakların bazı önemli özellikleri ile, iz element ve ağır metal içerikleri arasındaki ilişkiler ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Yapılan regrasyon-korelasyon analiz sonuçlarına göre, üreaz enzim aktivitesi ile organik madde, azot ve ekstrakte edilebilir Cu , asit fosfataz aktivitesi ile organik madde, organik C ve azot arasında pozitif, ekstrakte edilebilir Mn arasında da negatif bir ilişki belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, alkali fosfataz enzim aktivitesi ile pH, alınabilir P, ekstrakte edilebilir Cu, Zn ve Pb arasında önemli pozitif ilişki bulunmuştur. Toprakların ß-Glikosidaz aktivitesi ile toprak özellikleri arasında C/N oranı ve ekstrakte edilebilir Cd miktarı hariç, hiçbir önemli ilişki bulunamamıştır.

Kişisel Motivasyon Faktörlerinin Olumsuz Elektronik Ağızdan Ağıza İletişim Yapma Niyeti Üzerindeki Etkisi

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ÇELİK, Zübeyir; ÖZKARA, Behçet Yalın

2017-01-01

Pazarlama literatürü incelendiğinde, tüketicileriürünlere ilişkin olarak elektronik ağızdan ağıza iletişime yönelten farklımotivasyon kaynakları olduğu görülmektedir. Konuya ilişkin yapılmış çalışmalarilgili motivasyon kaynaklarının ekonomik teşvikler, tavsiye arama, kendinigeliştirme, firmaya yardım etme, olumlu duyguları ifade etme, güç uygulamaolduğuna ilişkin sonuçlara ulaşmışlardır. Ancak literatürde özellikle kişiyeözel motivasyon unsurlarının etkilerinin göz ardı edilmiş olduğu görülme...

FİLMLERLE İLETİŞİM VE YABANCILAŞMA

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ÖZTÜRK, Serdar

2018-01-01

Yabancılaşma konusu genellikle iktisadi, sosyolojik ve psikoloji boyutlarıyla tartışılmıştır. Oysa bir anlam paylaşımı olarak iletişim, yabancılaşmayla doğrudan ilişkilidir. Buna karşın iletişim ile yabancılaşma ilişkisini, analize filmleri de katarak inceleyen çok az çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, yabancılaşma kavramını tartışarak, yabancılaşmanın iletişim ile ilişkisini incelemektedir. Buna göre insanın kendi ürettiği sembollerine, medyanın üretim bölgesinde üretilen sembollere yabancıl...

Türkiye’de Vergi Gelirleri ile Ekonomik Kalkınma Arasındaki İlişki: Frekans Alanı Nedensellik Analizi

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Mehmet Vahit EREN

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de 1975-2013 dönemine ait yıllık verilerle vergi gelirleri ile kalkınma arasındaki ilişkinin varlığını araştırmakla beraber söz konusu ilişkinin yönünü farklı ekonometrik testlerle analiz etmektir. Hacker ve Hatemi nedensellik testi bulgularına göre, dolaylı vergi gelirlerinden kalkınmaya doğru tek yönlü; Breitung ve Caldelon frekans alanı nedensellik testi ise toplam vergi gelirlerinden kalkınmaya, dolaysız vergi gelirlerinden kalkınmaya ve kalkınmadan dolaylı vergi gelirlerine doğru tek yönlü ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir.

BENLİK İMAJI UYUMU, TÜKETİCİ TATMİNİ VE MARKA SADAKATİ İLİŞKİSİ ÜZERİNE GÖRGÜL BİR ARAŞTIRMA

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ARMUTLU, Can; ÜNER, M.Mithat

2009-01-01

Tüketici davranışları yazınında, tüketicilerin marka imajı ve benlik imajı algılamaları arasındaki uyumu ifade eden, “benlik imajı uyumu ” çalışmalarının, kavramın satın alma öncesi etkileri üzerinde yoğunlaştığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı benlik imajı uyumunun tüketici tatmini ve marka sadakati ile doğrudan ve dolaylı ilişkilerini ortaya koyarak satın alma sonrası etkilerini belirlemektir. Araştırmada benlik imajı uyumu ve marka sadakati ilişkisinde tüketici tatmininin aracılık ilişk...

Confiando en la confianza Contra toda razón Confiando en la confianza Contra toda razón

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Burkard Sievers

2007-12-01

Full Text Available The importance of trust is heavily emphasized in contemporary organization theory and management practice. Although I am convinced that trust is a good thing and necessary constituent of the social fabric, I am interested in understanding the social (and political thinking underlying the current academic and non academic view of trust. My working hypothesis is that: management attempts to engineer trust reflect an underlying denial of the loss of hope regarding both the relatedness between organizational members and the value and meaning of organizations. The experience of non-relatedness and lack of trust cannot be acknowledged by management, therefore the loss of hope has to be hidden behind the propagation of the importance of trust (and relatedness. The denial of the loss of hope is an expression of psychotic thinking concomitant with inability to see a reality and to mourn loss. The engineered propagation of trust thus becomes a substitute for trust itself.La importancia de la confianza tiene un fuerte énfasis en la teoría organizacionalcontemporánea y en la práctica administrativa. A pesar de estar convencido que laconfianza es buena y constituye una parte necesaria del tejido social, mi interés escomprender el pensamiento social (y político que subyace en la visión académica yno-académica sobre la confianza. Mi hipótesis de trabajo es esta: los intentos de losdirectivos de las organizaciones por crear confianza reflejan una profunda negación dela pérdida de esperanza con respecto a la relación entre los miembros de la organizacióny el valor y sentido de las organizaciones. Los directivos no reconocen tal falta derelaciones y confianza y por tanto, la pérdida de esperanza es escondida tras el discursosobre la importancia de la confianza (y las relaciones. La negación de la pérdida deesperanza es una expresión del pensamiento psicótico concomitante con la incapacidadpara ver la realidad y hacer duelo a la pérdida. La propagación artificial de la confianzase convierte así en un sustituto de la confianza en sí misma.

Secondary household transmission of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1 virus among an urban and rural population in Kenya, 2009-2010.

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Clara Y Kim

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: In Kenya, >1,200 laboratory-confirmed 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1 (pH1N1 cases occurred since June 2009. We used population-based infectious disease surveillance (PBIDS data to assess household transmission of pH1N1 in urban Nairobi (Kibera and rural Lwak. METHODS: We defined a pH1N1 patient as laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 infection among PBIDS participants during August 1, 2009-February 5, 2010, in Kibera, or August 1, 2009-January 20, 2010, in Lwak, and a case household as a household with a laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 patient. Community interviewers visited PBIDS-participating households to inquire about illnesses among household members. We randomly selected 4 comparison households per case household matched by number of children aged <5. Comparison households had a household visit 10 days before or after the matched patient symptom onset date. We defined influenza-like illnesses (ILI as self-reported cough or sore throat, and a self-reported fever ≤8 days after the pH1N1 patient's symptom onset in case households and ≤8 days before selected household visit in comparison households. We used the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test to compare proportions of ILIs among case and comparison households, and log binomial-model to compare that of Kibera and Lwak. RESULTS: Among household contacts of patients with confirmed pH1N1 in Kibera, 4.6% had ILI compared with 8.2% in Lwak (risk ratio [RR], 0.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3-0.9. Household contacts of patients were more likely to have ILIs than comparison-household members in both Kibera (RR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1-2.8 and Lwak (RR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.6-4.3. Overall, ILI was not associated with patient age. However, ILI rates among household contacts were higher among children aged <5 years than persons aged ≥5 years in Lwak, but not Kibera. CONCLUSIONS: Substantial pH1N1 household transmission occurred in urban and rural Kenya. Household transmission rates were higher in the rural area.

Farmakoekologija – okolišna sudbina lijekova

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Valerije Vrček

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Lijekovi koji se upotrebljavaju za preventivu ili terapiju završavaju u otpadnim vodama, rijekama, jezerima i morima, ali također u vodi za piće. U posljednjih je dvadesetak godina objavljeno na stotine analitičkih studija koje pokazuju prisutnost gotovo svih terapijskih skupina u okolišu. Koncentracije lijekova u okolišu su niske, ali to ne znači da rizik za ljude ili okoliš ne postoji, jer lijekovi su kemikalije dizajnirane da izazivaju biološke učinke upravo pri vrlo niskim dozama. Pojavnost svakog lijeka u okolišu izravno je povezana s intenzitetom njegove primjene. Stoga su psihoaktivni lijekovi, poput karbamazepina, najčešća farmaceutska zagađivala okoliša. Detekcija sve viših koncentracija lijekova u okolišu nije rezultat razvoja analitičke kemije i preciznosti instrumenata, već je posljedica porasta uporabe lijekova. Poseban problem lijekova u okolišu predstavljaju njihovi razgradni produkti ili metaboliti. Pod utjecajem svjetla ili prilikom kemijske obrade otpadnih voda mnogi se lijekovi transformiraju u nove strukture o kojima znanost vrlo malo zna. Neki metaboliti mogu biti toksičniji od ishodnih spojeva. Također, metaboliti mogu biti otporniji prema biorazgradnji, pa se dulje vremena zadržavaju u okolišu. Metaboliti se najčešće ne razmatraju prilikom službenih procjena okolišnog rizika lijekova. Konačne potvrde da lijekovi zaista dovode do ekoloških katastrofa nalaze se u objavljenim znanstvenim studijama koje prikazuju kolaps riblje populacije u Sjevernoj Americi, zbog djelovanja sintetskih estrogena ili nestanak ptica na indijskom potkontinentu uslijed veterinarske uporabe Voltarena. Budući da je ekološka cijena uporabe lijekova mjerljiva, rasprave o niskim ili (nedovoljnim dozama lijekova u okolišu zapravo su – zakašnjele. Lijekovi i njihovi razgradni produkti već djeluju na žive organizme, a pitanje je vremena kad će slični učinci biti uočeni i u ljudskoj populaciji.

Temperatura de incubação e razão sexual em filhotes recém-eclodidos da tartaruga marinha Eretmochelys imbricata (Linnaeus, 1766 no município do Ipojuca, Pernambuco, Brasil

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Thyara N. Simões

2014-01-01

Full Text Available O desenvolvimento do sexo em tartarugas marinhas é determinado pela temperatura de incubação dos ovos (TSD - Temperature-dependent Sex Determination. Para a espécie Eretmochelys imbricata, pouco se sabe a respeito da proporção sexual das desovas que ocorrem no litoral sul de Pernambuco. Diante disso, o objetivo desse estudo é analisar a relação entre o desenvolvimento sexual e a temperatura de incubação de ninhos de tartarugas-de-pente, depositados na Praia de Merepe, município do Ipojuca, Pernambuco. Os dados de temperatura foram coletados em nove ninhos, durante os meses de janeiro a junho de 2013, com auxílio de registradores de temperatura do tipo Data loggers (Modelo Onset Computer, UA-001-08. As médias registradas para os ninhos amostrados em relação ao período de incubação e temperatura foram de 54 dias e de 31,68ºC. Com base nesses resultados, os ninhos apresentaram uma forte tendência para o desenvolvimento de fêmeas, sendo a razão sexual, estimada por meio de análises histológicas, de 86,53% para fêmeas. Portanto, a Praia de Merepe possui temperaturas que propiciam uma maior diferenciação de neonatos fêmea. Entretanto, estudos mais detalhados devem ser realizados com a intenção de verificar se esses mesmos resultados podem ser obtidos para todo o litoral ipojucano.

Gamma (60CO) radiation effects on arcelin protein and evaluation of bean lineages against Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) and Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boh.) (Col.: Bruchidae)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Botelho, Ana Claudia Girardo

2006-01-01

The resistance of arcelin carrying seeds of bean lineages (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) against the bean weevils Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say, 1831) and Zabrotes subfasciatus (Bohemann, 1833) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), and the influence of gamma radiation ( 60 CO) on the manifestation of arcelin resistance to Z. subfasciatus were verified. Laboratorial tests, in choice and non-choice tests, with wild specimens carrying Arc-1, Arc-2, Arc-3, Arc-4, Raz-56 and Raz-59 (with Arc-5 alleles) and commercial lineages as control IAC - Carioca and IAC - Arua were conducted. Statistical design was completely randomized, with five repetitions, with 10 g of grains from each lineage samples by portion. Attractiveness, oviposition, emergence, mortality, adults' weigh and longevity, developing period, sexual rate, seeds' weigh loss, infestation and fecundity (Z. subfasciatus) were observed. Gamma radiation doses irradiations, in general, haven't affected the resistance manifestation of lineages carrying arcelin protein variants against the Z. subfasciatus bean weevil, thus, joint application use of both control methods can be recommended. Raz-56 lineage showed high resistance of the antibiosis types and non-preference for oviposition and feeding to Z. subfasciatus, while Raz-59 showed antibiosis and non-preference for feeding, and both (Raz-56 and Raz-59) showed intermediate resistance to A. obtectus, against which lineage Arc-2 was the most harmful to its development, expressing non-preference to feeding and/or antibiosis. (author)

Gamma ({sup 60}CO) radiation effects on arcelin protein and evaluation of bean lineages against Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) and Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boh.) (Col.: Bruchidae);Efeito da radiacao gama ({sup 60}CO) sobre a proteina arcelina e avaliacao de linhagens de feijoeiro a Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) and Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boh.) (Col.: Bruchidae)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Botelho, Ana Claudia Girardo

2006-07-01

The resistance of arcelin carrying seeds of bean lineages (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) against the bean weevils Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say, 1831) and Zabrotes subfasciatus (Bohemann, 1833) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), and the influence of gamma radiation ({sup 60}CO) on the manifestation of arcelin resistance to Z. subfasciatus were verified. Laboratorial tests, in choice and non-choice tests, with wild specimens carrying Arc-1, Arc-2, Arc-3, Arc-4, Raz-56 and Raz-59 (with Arc-5 alleles) and commercial lineages as control IAC - Carioca and IAC - Arua were conducted. Statistical design was completely randomized, with five repetitions, with 10 g of grains from each lineage samples by portion. Attractiveness, oviposition, emergence, mortality, adults' weigh and longevity, developing period, sexual rate, seeds' weigh loss, infestation and fecundity (Z. subfasciatus) were observed. Gamma radiation doses irradiations, in general, haven't affected the resistance manifestation of lineages carrying arcelin protein variants against the Z. subfasciatus bean weevil, thus, joint application use of both control methods can be recommended. Raz-56 lineage showed high resistance of the antibiosis types and non-preference for oviposition and feeding to Z. subfasciatus, while Raz-59 showed antibiosis and non-preference for feeding, and both (Raz-56 and Raz-59) showed intermediate resistance to A. obtectus, against which lineage Arc-2 was the most harmful to its development, expressing non-preference to feeding and/or antibiosis. (author)

A ÉTICA DE LEIBNIZ

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando Tadeu Ribeiro do val

2016-10-01

Full Text Available A razão e a vontade dirigem a felicidade. Leibniz professa um idealismo racional, marcando a reflexão consciente dos fins e das leis de uma vida racional. A felicidade não pode prescindir do instrumento da razão. A lei moral quer que o homem cumpra sua obra de ser inteligente e livre, seguindo a razão. A consciência moral é a expressão de um julgamento racional que dirige as ações. Segundo Leibniz a razão de nossas ações está em nós mesmos e somente o homem possui a reflexão consciente. A razão ao dominar o espirito, liberta a vontade, ao invés de restringi-la. Leibniz professa que a vontade se identifica com aquela energia viva e ativa que forma a substância de todo o ser organizado, constituindo sua individualidade. O ser moral depende do ser racional, escolhendo os melhores fins para atingir-se a perfeição e a felicidade. Isto implica cm liberdade, livre arbítrio. Para Leibniz a vontade do homem é livre e autônoma, não violando as leis naturais, seguindo, portanto, um determinismo universal. Por sua vez. a liberdade se fundamenta na submissão refletida da Vontade à razão.

Uvodna riječ uz tematski broj časopisa o obitelji i promjenama spolnih uloga

OpenAIRE

Marinović Jerolimov, Dinka

2016-01-01

Tijekom druge polovice dvadesetog stoljeća, a posebice tijekom posljednjih nekoliko desetljeća, naša iskustva i razumijevanje obitelji i rodnih uloga znatno su se izmijenili. Pojave nezamislive našim djedovima i bakama danas su znatno vidljivije i društveno prihvatljive: razvod, ponovno sklapanje braka nakon razvoda, izvanbračna zajednica, eksperimentalni odnosi, homoseksualni brakovi ili partnerstva sa ili bez djece, jednoroditeljske obitelji, demokratskiji odnosi između roditelja i djece, z...

Usporedba materijala i tehnologija za dentalne otiske

OpenAIRE

Stričak, Tena

2017-01-01

Konvencionalna metoda otiskivanja podrazumijeva otisak pomoću žlice u koju se aplicira otisni materijal. Napredak tehnologije omogućio je razvoj dentalnih skenera kojima se skenira intraoralno (zubni luk) ili ekstraoralno (otisak ili izliveni model). Usporedba materijala i tehnologija predmet je brojnih istraživanja čiji su rezultati pokazali da pacijenti bolje prihvaćaju digitalni otisni postupak. Konvencionalni otisni postupci imaju više faza pri uzimanju otiska pa je rizik od nastanka ...

Cost of intervention delivery in a lifestyle weight loss trial in type 2 diabetes: results from the Look AHEAD clinical trial

OpenAIRE

Rushing, J.; Wing, R.; Wadden, T. A.; Knowler, W. C.; Lawlor, M.; Evans, M.; Killean, T.; Montez, M.; Espeland, M. A.; Zhang, P.

2017-01-01

Summary Objective The Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) trial was a randomized controlled clinical trial to compare the effects of 10?years of intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) with a control condition of diabetes support and education (DSE) on health outcomes in over 5,000 participants with type 2 diabetes. The ILI had significantly greater weight losses than DSE throughout the trial. The goal of this analysis is to describe the cost of delivering the intervention. Methods The ...

Balanço de energia e estimativa da evapotranspiração em culturas irrigadas de maracujazeiro pelo método da razão de Bowen Energy balance and estimative of the evapotranspiration of irrigated passionfruit crops by the Bowen ratio method

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tonny J. A. Silva

2007-08-01

Full Text Available A cultura do maracujazeiro-amarelo tem tido grande expansão da área cultivada no Estado de São Paulo e, apesar da importância da irrigação para a cultura, há poucos estudos sobre sua utilização. Este trabalho foi realizado na área experimental de irrigação, na Fazenda Areão, do Departamento de Engenharia Rural, da Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" - ESALQ/USP (Piracicaba - SP. Foram coletados dados de saldo de radiação, fluxo de calor no solo, gradientes de temperatura e pressão de vapor do ar com o objetivo de avaliar a partição da energia disponível e a evapotranspiração em cultivo de maracujazeiros em dois sistemas de plantio (linhas de cultivo norte-sul e leste-oeste. O método da razão de Bowen foi utilizado na determinação dos fluxos de calor sensível e latente. O saldo de radiação não foi influenciado pelo sistema de plantio, sendo equivalente a 60% da radiação global. O componente de maior contribuição no balanço de energia foi o calor latente de evaporação ocorrendo imediatamente após a chuva ou irrigação. A utilização do modelo de análise e exclusão de intervalos em que o método da Razão de Bowen falha, melhora a estimativa da evapotranspiração.Passionfruit crop has been having great expansion in the cultivated area of São Paulo State and beside the irrigation importance for crop; there are few studies about its utilization. This work was carried out at the experimental irrigation farm of the Engineering Department - College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz" - ESALQ/USP, in Piracicaba, São Paulo State, Brazil. Were collected micrometeorological data from net radiation, soil flux heat, temperature and vapor pressure gradient with the aim to evaluate the partition of available energy and evapotranspiration of passionfruit crop planted under two row directions (North-South and East-West. The Bowen ratio method was used to determine both sensible and latent fluxes. The net

Outcomes of a pilot hand hygiene randomized cluster trial to reduce communicable infections among US office-based employees.

Science.gov (United States)

Stedman-Smith, Maggie; DuBois, Cathy L Z; Grey, Scott F; Kingsbury, Diana M; Shakya, Sunita; Scofield, Jennifer; Slenkovich, Ken

2015-04-01

To determine the effectiveness of an office-based multimodal hand hygiene improvement intervention in reducing self-reported communicable infections and work-related absence. A randomized cluster trial including an electronic training video, hand sanitizer, and educational posters (n = 131, intervention; n = 193, control). Primary outcomes include (1) self-reported acute respiratory infections (ARIs)/influenza-like illness (ILI) and/or gastrointestinal (GI) infections during the prior 30 days; and (2) related lost work days. Incidence rate ratios calculated using generalized linear mixed models with a Poisson distribution, adjusted for confounders and random cluster effects. A 31% relative reduction in self-reported combined ARI-ILI/GI infections (incidence rate ratio: 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.49 to 0.98). A 21% nonsignificant relative reduction in lost work days. An office-based multimodal hand hygiene improvement intervention demonstrated a substantive reduction in self-reported combined ARI-ILI/GI infections.

TÜRKİYE’NİN AB’YE ÜYELİK SÜRECİNİN MALİ GÖSTERGELER AÇISINDAN AB’NİN YENİ ÜYE ÜLKELERİYLE KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

OpenAIRE

YAVUZ, Hakan; YAVUZ, Sinem

2015-01-01

Türkiye’nin Avrupa Birliği (AB) ile ilişkisi uzun bir tarihsel geçmişe dayanmasına rağmen, halen nihai hedefine ulaşamamıştır. Ancak tam üyelik yolunda önemli adımların atıldığı söylenebilir. Söz konusu gelişmelere paralel olarak, Türkiye-AB ilişkilerine yönelik literatür de genişlemektedir. Literatürde bazı çalışmalar ilişkinin ekonomik, mali, bazı çalışmalar da siyasi, kültürel ve sosyal boyutunu ele almaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’nin AB üyelik sürecinin mali göstergelere gösterdi...

Underdiagnosis of Influenza Virus Infection in Hospitalized Older Adults.

Science.gov (United States)

Hartman, Lauren; Zhu, Yuwei; Edwards, Kathryn M; Griffin, Marie R; Talbot, H Keipp

2018-03-01

To describe factors associated with provider-ordered influenza testing in hospitalized older adults. Information on participant demographics, symptoms, and provider-ordered influenza testing were collected by questionnaire and chart review. We conducted prospective laboratory-based surveillance using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the criterion standard for diagnosis of influenza, to determine how participant characteristics and provider-ordered testing affected accurate influenza diagnosis. One academic and three community hospitals in Davidson County, Tennessee. Adults aged 18 and older with acute respiratory illness or nonlocalizing fever (N=1,422). We compared characteristics of participants with and without provider-ordered testing for influenza using the Wilcoxon test and Pearson chi-square test. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors predictive of provider-ordered influenza testing. Twenty-eight percent (399/1,422) of participants had provider-ordered influenza testing. Participants who were tested were younger than those not tested (58 ± 18 vs 66 ± 15, p<.001) and more likely to have influenza-like illness (ILI) (71% vs 49%, p<.001). ILI decreased with increasing age (aged 18-49, 63%; aged 50-64, 60%; aged ≥65, 48%). ILI and younger age were independent predictors of provider-ordered testing. Of the 136 participants with influenza confirmed using RT-PCR, ILI was the only significant predictor of provider-ordered testing (adjusted odds ratio=3.43, 95% confidence interval=1.22-9.70). Adults aged 65 and older hospitalized with fever or respiratory symptoms during influenza season are less likely to undergo a provider-ordered influenza test than younger adults. Some, but not all, of this disparity is due to a lower likelihood of ILI. Further strategies are needed to increase clinician awareness and testing in this vulnerable group. © 2018, Copyright the Authors Journal compilation © 2018

Enterovirus genotypes among patients with severe acute respiratory illness, influenza-like illness, and asymptomatic individuals in South Africa, 2012–2014

Science.gov (United States)

Hellferscee, Orienka; Tempia, Stefano; Walaza, Sibongile; Variava, Ebrahim; Dawood, Halima; Wolter, Nicole; Madhi, Shabir A.; du Plessis, Mignon; Cohen, Cheryl; Treurnicht, Florette K.

2017-01-01

Enteroviruses can cause outbreaks of severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) and EV-A, -B, -C, and -D species have different pathogenic profiles and circulation patterns. We aimed to characterize and determine the prevalence of enterovirus genotypes among South African patients with respiratory illness and controls during June 2012 to July 2014. Syndromic SARI and influenza-like illness (ILI) surveillance was performed at two sentinel sites. At each site nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal specimens were collected from SARI and ILI patients as well as controls. Specimens were tested for enterovirus by real-time PCR. Positive specimenswere further genotyped by sequencing a region of theVP1 gene. The prevalence of enterovirus was 5.8% (87/1494), 3.4% (103/3079), and 3.4% (46/1367) among SARI, ILI, and controls, respectively (SARI/controls, P=0.002 and ILI/control, P = 0.973). Among the 101/236 (42.8%) enterovirus-positive specimens that could be genotyped, we observed a high diversity of circulating enterovirus genotypes (a total of 33 genotypes) from all four human enterovirus species with high prevalence of Enterovirus-B (60.4%; 61/101) and Enterovirus-A (21.8%; 22/101) compared to Enterovirus-C (10.9%; 11/101) and Enterovirus-D (6.9%; 7/101) (P = 0.477). Of the enterovirus genotypes identified, Echovirus 30 (9.9%, 10/101), Coxsackie virus B5 (7.9%, 8/101) and Enterovirus-D68 (6.9%, 7/101) were most prevalent. There was no difference in disease severity (SARI or ILI compared to controls) between the different enterovirus species (P = 0.167).We observed a high number of enterovirus genotypes in patients with respiratory illness and in controls from South Africa with no disease association of EV species with disease severity. PMID:28574589

Enterovirus genotypes among patients with severe acute respiratory illness, influenza-like illness, and asymptomatic individuals in South Africa, 2012-2014.

Science.gov (United States)

Hellferscee, Orienka; Tempia, Stefano; Walaza, Sibongile; Variava, Ebrahim; Dawood, Halima; Wolter, Nicole; Madhi, Shabir A; du Plessis, Mignon; Cohen, Cheryl; Treurnicht, Florette K

2017-10-01

Enteroviruses can cause outbreaks of severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) and EV-A, -B, -C, and -D species have different pathogenic profiles and circulation patterns. We aimed to characterize and determine the prevalence of enterovirus genotypes among South African patients with respiratory illness and controls during June 2012 to July 2014. Syndromic SARI and influenza-like illness (ILI) surveillance was performed at two sentinel sites. At each site nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal specimens were collected from SARI and ILI patients as well as controls. Specimens were tested for enterovirus by real-time PCR. Positive specimens were further genotyped by sequencing a region of the VP1 gene. The prevalence of enterovirus was 5.8% (87/1494), 3.4% (103/3079), and 3.4% (46/1367) among SARI, ILI, and controls, respectively (SARI/controls, P = 0.002 and ILI/control, P = 0.973). Among the 101/236 (42.8%) enterovirus-positive specimens that could be genotyped, we observed a high diversity of circulating enterovirus genotypes (a total of 33 genotypes) from all four human enterovirus species with high prevalence of Enterovirus-B (60.4%; 61/101) and Enterovirus-A (21.8%; 22/101) compared to Enterovirus-C (10.9%; 11/101) and Enterovirus-D (6.9%; 7/101) (P = 0.477). Of the enterovirus genotypes identified, Echovirus 30 (9.9%, 10/101), Coxsackie virus B5 (7.9%, 8/101) and Enterovirus-D68 (6.9%, 7/101) were most prevalent. There was no difference in disease severity (SARI or ILI compared to controls) between the different enterovirus species (P = 0.167). We observed a high number of enterovirus genotypes in patients with respiratory illness and in controls from South Africa with no disease association of EV species with disease severity. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Influenza-Like Illnesses in Senegal: Not Only Focus on Influenza Viruses

Science.gov (United States)

Dia, Ndongo; Diene Sarr, Fatoumata; Thiam, Diamilatou; Faye Sarr, Tening; Espié, Emmanuelle; OmarBa, Ibrahim; Coly, Malang; Niang, Mbayame; Richard, Vincent

2014-01-01

Influenza surveillance in African countries was initially restricted to the identification of circulating strains. In Senegal, the network has recently been enhanced (i) to include epidemiological data from Dakar and other regions and (ii) to extend virological surveillance to other respiratory viruses. Epidemiological data from the sentinel sites is transmitted daily by mobile phone. The data include those for other febrile syndromes similar to influenza-like illnesses (ILI), corresponding to integrated approach. Also, clinical samples are randomly selected and analyzed for influenza and other respiratory viruses. There were 101,640 declared visits to the 11 sentinel sites between week 11-2012 and week 35-2013; 22% of the visits were for fever syndromes and 23% of the cases of fever syndrome were ILI. Influenza viruses were the second most frequent cause of ILI (20%), after adenoviruses (21%) and before rhinoviruses (18%) and enteroviruses (15%). Co-circulation and co-infection were frequent and were responsible for ILI peaks. The first months of implementation of the enhanced surveillance system confirmed that viruses other the influenza make large contributions to influenza-like illnesses. It is therefore important to consider these etiologies in the development of strategies to reduce respiratory infections. More informative tools and research studies are required to assess the burden of respiratory infections in developing countries. PMID:24675982

Viruses Associated With Acute Respiratory Infections and Influenza-like Illness Among Outpatients From the Influenza Incidence Surveillance Project, 2010–2011

Science.gov (United States)

Fowlkes, Ashley; Giorgi, Andrea; Erdman, Dean; Temte, Jon; Goodin, Kate; Di Lonardo, Steve; Sun, Yumei; Martin, Karen; Feist, Michelle; Linz, Rachel; Boulton, Rachelle; Bancroft, Elizabeth; McHugh, Lisa; Lojo, Jose; Filbert, Kimberly; Finelli, Lyn

2017-01-01

Background The Influenza Incidence Surveillance Project (IISP) monitored outpatient acute respiratory infection (ARI; defined as the presence of ≥2 respiratory symptoms not meeting ILI criteria) and influenza-like illness (ILI) to determine the incidence and contribution of associated viral etiologies. Methods From August 2010 through July 2011, 57 outpatient healthcare providers in 12 US sites reported weekly the number of visits for ILI and ARI and collected respiratory specimens on a subset for viral testing. The incidence was estimated using the number of patients in the practice as the denominator, and the virus-specific incidence of clinic visits was extrapolated from the proportion of patients testing positive. Results The age-adjusted cumulative incidence of outpatient visits for ARI and ILI combined was 95/1000 persons, with a viral etiology identified in 58% of specimens. Most frequently detected were rhinoviruses/enteroviruses (RV/EV) (21%) and influenza viruses (21%); the resulting extrapolated incidence of outpatient visits was 20 and 19/1000 persons respectively. The incidence of influenza virus-associated clinic visits was highest among patients aged 2–17 years, whereas other viruses had varied patterns among age groups. Conclusions The IISP provides a unique opportunity to estimate the outpatient respiratory illness burden by etiology. Influenza virus infection and RV/EV infection(s) represent a substantial burden of respiratory disease in the US outpatient setting, particularly among children. PMID:24338352

Viruses associated with acute respiratory infections and influenza-like illness among outpatients from the Influenza Incidence Surveillance Project, 2010-2011.

Science.gov (United States)

Fowlkes, Ashley; Giorgi, Andrea; Erdman, Dean; Temte, Jon; Goodin, Kate; Di Lonardo, Steve; Sun, Yumei; Martin, Karen; Feist, Michelle; Linz, Rachel; Boulton, Rachelle; Bancroft, Elizabeth; McHugh, Lisa; Lojo, Jose; Filbert, Kimberly; Finelli, Lyn

2014-06-01

The Influenza Incidence Surveillance Project (IISP) monitored outpatient acute respiratory infection (ARI; defined as the presence of ≥ 2 respiratory symptoms not meeting ILI criteria) and influenza-like illness (ILI) to determine the incidence and contribution of associated viral etiologies. From August 2010 through July 2011, 57 outpatient healthcare providers in 12 US sites reported weekly the number of visits for ILI and ARI and collected respiratory specimens on a subset for viral testing. The incidence was estimated using the number of patients in the practice as the denominator, and the virus-specific incidence of clinic visits was extrapolated from the proportion of patients testing positive. The age-adjusted cumulative incidence of outpatient visits for ARI and ILI combined was 95/1000 persons, with a viral etiology identified in 58% of specimens. Most frequently detected were rhinoviruses/enteroviruses (RV/EV) (21%) and influenza viruses (21%); the resulting extrapolated incidence of outpatient visits was 20 and 19/1000 persons respectively. The incidence of influenza virus-associated clinic visits was highest among patients aged 2-17 years, whereas other viruses had varied patterns among age groups. The IISP provides a unique opportunity to estimate the outpatient respiratory illness burden by etiology. Influenza virus infection and RV/EV infection(s) represent a substantial burden of respiratory disease in the US outpatient setting, particularly among children.

Correlation between national influenza surveillance data and google trends in South Korea.

Science.gov (United States)

Cho, Sungjin; Sohn, Chang Hwan; Jo, Min Woo; Shin, Soo-Yong; Lee, Jae Ho; Ryoo, Seoung Mok; Kim, Won Young; Seo, Dong-Woo

2013-01-01

In South Korea, there is currently no syndromic surveillance system using internet search data, including Google Flu Trends. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between national influenza surveillance data and Google Trends in South Korea. Our study was based on a publicly available search engine database, Google Trends, using 12 influenza-related queries, from September 9, 2007 to September 8, 2012. National surveillance data were obtained from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) influenza-like illness (ILI) and virologic surveillance system. Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated to compare the national surveillance and the Google Trends data for the overall period and for 5 influenza seasons. The correlation coefficient between the KCDC ILI and virologic surveillance data was 0.72 (pcorrelation was between the Google Trends query of H1N1 and the ILI data, with a correlation coefficient of 0.53 (pcorrelation with a correlation coefficient of 0.93 (pcorrelation coefficient compared with ILI data for three consecutive seasons: Tamiflu (r = 0.59, 0.86, 0.90, pcorrelated with national surveillance data in South Korea. The results of this study showed that Google Trends in the Korean language can be used as complementary data for influenza surveillance but was insufficient for the use of predictive models, such as Google Flu Trends.

UPRAVLJANJE PROJEKTOM IZGRADNJE ZGRADE SVEUČILIŠNE KNJIŽNICE I MULTIMEDIJALNOG CENTRA U OSIJEKU

OpenAIRE

Stanković, Mia

2016-01-01

Ovim radom prikazuje se upravljanje projektom izgradnje građevine. U prvom dijelu rada definiran je projekt i njegov životni ciklus. Idućim poglavljem definirano je upravljanje projektima i sva područja upravljanja pojedinim projektom. U radu je prikazan zakonodavni okvir upravljanja projektima u Republici Hrvatskoj. Opisane su tri faze obnove i izgradnje Kampusa Sveučilišta Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku. Kao primjer upravljanja projektom prikazana je izgradnja I. faze Sveučilišne knjiž...

Okul Müdürlerinin Bilgi Teknolojisi Sınıflarına İlişkin Görüşleri

OpenAIRE

Dr., Sadegül Akbaba Altun Yrd. Doç.

2004-01-01

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ‘Temel Eğitim Programı' kapsamı çerçevesinde kurulan ilköğretim okullarındaki Bilgi Teknolojisi (BT) sınıflarına ilişkin olarak okul müdürlerinin BT sınıflarının kurulumundaki rollerinin belirlenmesi, BT sınıflarına ilişkin yaşadıkları sorunlar ve bu sorunların çözümüyle ilgili önerilerle BT sınıflarının etkiliğine ilişkin görüşlerini belirlemektir. Bu amaçla, okulunda BT sınıfı olan 17 ilköğretim okulu müdürü ile görüşme yapılmış ve bu görüşmeler d...

A case study of the crack sizing performance of the Ultrasonic Phased Array combined crack and wall loss inspection tool on the Centennial pipeline, the defect evaluation, including the defect evaluation, field feature verification and tool performance validation (performed by Marathon Oil, DNV and GE Oil and Gas)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hrncir, T.; Turner, S. [Marathon Pipe Line LLC, Findley, OH (United States); Polasik, SJ [DNV Columbus, Inc, Dublin, OH 43017 (United States); Vieth, P. [BP EandP, Houston, TX (United States); Allen, D.; Lachtchouk, I.; Senf, P.; Foreman, G. [GE Oil and Gas PII Pipeline Solutions, Stutensee (Germany)], email: geoff.foreman@ge.com

2010-07-01

The Centennial Pipeline System is operated by Marathon Pipe Line LLC. It is 754 miles long and carries liquid products from eastern Texas to southern Illinois. Most of it was constructed in 1951 for natural gas, but it was converted in 2001 for liquid product service. GE Oil and Gas conducted an ultrasonic phased array in-line inspection (ILI) survey of this pipeline, whose primary purpose was to detect and characterize stress corrosion cracking. A dig verification was performed in 2008 to increase the level of confidence in the detection and depth-sizing capabilities of this inspection method. This paper outlines of the USCD technology and experience and describes how the ILI survey results were validated, how the ILI data analysis was improved, and the impact on managing the integrity of the line section. Results indicate that the phased array technology approached a 90% certainty predicted depth with a tolerance of 1 mm at a 95% confidence level.

CREDERE I KREDIT: DVA SRODNA ILI SUPROTSTAVLJENA POJMA?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabrijela Mihelčić

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Proučavajući ugovore o kreditu osigurane stvarnopravnim osiguranjima, a koji se u praksi većinom sklapaju u potrošačkim odnosno B2C odnosima, autorice u radu dolaze do spoznaja o mnogobrojnim problemima u hrvatskoj sudskoj praksi, ali i zakonodavstvu. Isti su primarno posljedica kompleksnog procesa usklađivanja izvornih nacionalnih odredaba s europskim acquisom u tom području, a koji pored ispravnog preuzimanja EU propisa u nacionalno zakonodavstvo zahtijeva i ispravnu primjenu i ujednačeno tumačenje harmo- niziranog nacionalnog prava sukladno istima. U tom smislu, poteškoće nastu- paju već samim određenjem ugovornih strana, odnosno glede pitanja tko je potrošač, a tko trgovac odnosno vjerovnik u B2C ugovorima o kreditu. Isti se nastavljaju u određenju predmeta ugovora, odnosno pronalaženju odgovora na pitanje, što je potrošački kredit te na kreditiranje čega se on točno odnosi. Nejasnoće postoje i o pitanju određenja bitnih sastojaka ugovora o potrošačkom kreditu, glede kojih jasne odgovore ne daje ni praksa Suda EU-a, niti domaća sudska praksa. Problemi postoje i u razumijevanju same dužnosti sudova i drugih primjenjivača prava o tumačenju i primjeni pozitivnoga nacionalnog prava sukladno acquisu odnosno u načinu provedbe iste dužnosti u praksi. Sva navedena pitanja dodatno se usložnjavaju kada su tražbine takvih kredita stvarnopravno osigurane. Imajući u vidu osobite poteškoće u tumačenju i praktičnoj primjeni harmoniziranih nacionalnih odredaba koje se odnose na potrošačko kreditiranje i pravo potrošača općenito, autorice u radu nastoje dati jasne i koncizne odgovore na brojna ključna pitanja o kojima ovisi ispravna primjena spomenutog zakonodavstva.

Romantitsheskaja utopia, ili Progulka s fotokameroi / Galina Balashova

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Balashova, Galina

2007-01-01

Fotonäitus "The Belarusian Identity cArt" Tallinna Kunstihoone galeriis. Eksponeeritud on Artur Klinovi (Klinau) fotoseeria "Minsk - unenägude päikeselinn", Igor Savtshenko fotoseeria "Kommenteeritav maastik" ja Andrei Liankevitshi fotod

Pobjeda ratom ili pobjeda pravdom? Vijaya i dhammavijaya

OpenAIRE

Ježić, Mislav

2016-01-01

Indijski vladar Aśoka (273/269.–232. pr. Khr.) ostavio je znatan korpus natpisa na širokome prostoru svojega carstva o načelima svoje vladavine. Njegovi su pretci osvojili gotovo čitavu Indiju i područja današnjega Afghanistana i dijela Irana. On je vodio samo jedan rat u Kaliṅgi za istočnu obalu Indije. Strašne posljedice toga rata jasno je opisao na vlastitim natpisima. Potom je obustavio ratovanje i odlučio osvajati svijet načelima (buddhističke) pravednosti. Održavao je diplomatske odnose...

Evaluating ILI Advanced Series through Bloom's Revised Taxonomy

OpenAIRE

MAHDIPOUR, Nasim; SADEGHI, Bahador

2015-01-01

Abstract. This study investigated Iran Language Institute Advanced Series in terms of learning objectives based on Bloom's Revised Taxonomy. It examined the cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains to see how the critical thinking skills are used and to what extent these books are different from each other. For these purposes, the frequencies, percentages and Standard Residual were analyzed. Results revealed that the lower-order cognitive skills (i.e. remembering, understanding and applyi...

Povorot ljubimoi mõsli, ili Zhenshtshina na trone

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2003-01-01

Moskva Noorsooteatri lavastused : A. Thehhovi "Ivanov ja teised", lavastaja H. Janovskaja ; show-paroodia "Good-bye, America!" S. Marshaki luuletuse "Mister Twister" ainetel, lavastaja H. Janovskaja ; K. Ginkase Tshehhovi tõlgendus "Must munk". Venemaa ajakirjanduse põhjal

Svjaz : s obshtshestvennostju ili s korruptsijei? / Virkko Lepassalu

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Lepassalu, Virkko, 1971-

2008-01-01

Randvere tee detailplaneeringu lugu ja selle võimalik seos Tallinna abilinnapea nõuniku Ivo Parbuse korruptsioonisüüdistusega. Piir korruptsiooni ja seadusliku tegevuse vahel võib olla eristamatu. Lisa: Spravka "DD"

Roskosh ili sredstvo dlja võzhivanija / Andrei Sokolov

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Sokolov, Andrei

2004-01-01

Maailmas kasutusel olevatele standarditele MRP II/ERP vastavad ettevõtte juhtimissüsteemid on jõudnud Eesti ettevõtete juhtide ja omanike huviorbiiti. Tabel: ERP-süsteemi maksumus sõltuvalt ettevõtte aastakäibele

Integrating ILI data with publicly available mapping solutions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Coleman, Grant A.; Miller, Scott J. [BJ Pipeline Inspection Services, Calgary, AB (Canada)], email: gcoleman@bjservices.ca, email: smiller@bjservices.ca

2010-07-01

With the improvement of the technology, in line inspection tools now incorporate accurate Inertial Mapping Units (IMU) which provide spatial coordinates for the features comprised within a pipeline. Geographic information systems (GIS) can be used to display the data, however some companies do not have such systems and novices cannot navigate easily within the application. The aim of this paper is to present the use of universally available packages to display GIS style data. Case studies are presented in which Google Earth imagery is used to display IMU data. This study showed that universally available packages such as Google Earth do not match the accuracy and functionality of GIS systems but they can be a convenient and easy to use way to display data in a portable format. Organizations that do not have a GIS system could thus benefit from the use of those packages.

Zamok krassotõ ili tsarstvo duhha / Tamara Unanova

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Unanova, Tamara

2005-01-01

14. veebr. andsid Maria Teatri balletisolistid Tallinna Linnahallis galakontserdi. Esinesid teatri solistid Natalja Sologub, Darja Pavlenkova, Igor Kolb, Anton Korsakov ja tõmbenumbrina reklaamitud Farukh Ruzimatov

Psihushka, ili Poljot nad Berlinale? / Lauri Kärk

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kärk, Lauri, 1954-

2007-01-01

57. Berlinalelt avamise järel : Eldar Rjazanovi "Andersen. Elu ilma armastuseta", korealase Park Chan-wooki "Olen küborg, aga muidu OK", festivali avafilm - Olivier Dahani "La Mõme" prantsuse lauljast Edith Piafist. Rain Tolk esindab Eestit Euroopa noorte näitlejate tutvustuspromotsioonis Shooting Star

Rozhdestvenski blagovest prozvutshal v desjatõi raz

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2005-01-01

2004. a. jõulupreemiad "Rõõmukuulutus" pälvisid teiste hulgas Vene Draamateatri näitleja I. Nartov, loomingulise ühenduse "Teine Teater" asutaja ja produtsent N. Matshenene ja ajakirjanik ning teatrikriitik E. Kekelidze

Moradas de la razón sensible

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Eugenia Boito

2012-03-01

Full Text Available “Jirones de piel, ágape insumiso” establece relaciones entre la reflexión epistemológica, la estética y la normatividad en catorce apartados que –como jirones– pueden interpretarse como “pequeñas porciones de un todo”; fragmentos de telas (tramas discursivas que recorren y se detienen en la interrogación de la compleja madeja que reúne los tópicos antes referidos. Pero “jirón” tiene otro significado en el campo de la heráldica que en mi lectura, está asociada a las figuras que produce el texto: “jirón” es una forma triangular que desde el borde del escudo, llega hasta el centro o corazón de este. Claudio Martyniuk afirma “no ensancha escribir, no ensancha leer, apenas salva del extravío y de la tristeza vacías”. Sin embargo los jirones de su escritura ensayística (el ensayo como género que pretende “un despliegue que tense los entumecidos polos de la sensibilidad y el pensamiento” se orientan a proteger como escudo –pero a la vez interrogar– lo que se encuentra el corazón de los recorridos de la obra: los ejercicios de violencia cotidiana sobre nuestra piel. Por esto además de salvar del extravío y de la tristeza, la escritura de Martyniuk señala –y asila, da regazo– a la piel como instancia de expresión de nuestra sensibilidad.

ULOGA DEBRIDMANA U LIJEČENJU KRONIČNIH RANA

OpenAIRE

HULJEV, DUBRAVKO; GAJIĆ, ALEKSANDAR; TRILLER, CIRIL; KECELJ LESKOVEC, NADA

2013-01-01

Debridement je proces uklanjanja mrtvog tkiva iz rane. Struktura, boja i neugodni mirisi devitaliziranog tkiva se razlikuju. osim toga, devitalizirano tkivo može biti suho ili sa secernacijom. Devitalizirano tkivo usporava ili u potpunosti onemogućuje zarastanje rane te je indicirano da ga se u okviru liječenja rana mora odstraniti. Cilj debridmana je pretvaranje kronične rane u stanje akutne rane i iniciranje procesa zaraštavanja. Debridement je osnovni postupak u liječenju svake rane, ali i...

PLANINSKE VSEBINE V PROGRAMU GIBALNIH DEJAVNOSTI VRTCA

OpenAIRE

Pavletič, Zvezdana

2016-01-01

V diplomskem delu Planinske vsebine v programu gibalnih dejavnosti vrtca, smo raziskali planinske vsebine, s katerimi v vrtcu spodbujamo gibalni razvoj predšolskih otrok. V teoretičnem delu naloge smo pregledali razvojne značilnosti predšolskih otrok, področja otrokovega razvoja in proučili dejavnike, ki pomembno vplivajo na otrokov razvoj. Proučili smo hojo kot sestavni del razvoja motorike otroka, njen pomen za ohranjanje zdravja, krepitev srčno-žilnega in dihalnega sistema. Predstavili sm...

ANALIZA IN PRIMERJAVA MOBILNIH PLATFORM IZ VIDIKA RAZVIJALCA

OpenAIRE

Kokol, Nejc

2014-01-01

V diplomski nalogi se ukvarjamo s platformami Android, iOS in Windows Phone. Predstavili smo sam začetek pametnih telefonov in prelomnico, ki so jo povzročili na globalnem trgu. Predvsem pa smo se osredotočili na vodilne mobilne platforme Android, Windows Phone in iOS. Opisali smo njihovo zgodovino razvoja in strukturo. Izpostavili smo tudi njihove prednosti in slabosti, ki so še danes prisotne. Velik poudarek smo namenili vidiku razvijalca, kateremu so danes ponujene različne priložnosti za ...

Environmental Assessment Report: Geotechnical Field Investigations.

Science.gov (United States)

1975-06-30

EOARGUEV NVOJOPOOLLACLAC PHACFJ,1A FILIFcjRMIS ARIZONA ENOANGEREO I4YORlOPHYLLACEAC PHACELIA WCESMIJ ARI IONA ENOA004EXD LILJACEAE AGAVE ARIZONI1CA...Jim WaliNAL.innsB-3 STATE STATUS FAM ILY SPECIES AAfrIIONA EhOANOLACU LiIACLAI, AG.AVE MCMfLV~fAhA ARIZONA t NDANCfkLu LILjActAL AGAVE !CHOTTII VAR...ARIZONA THREATENE) ONAC.NACEAL CAM15SONIA ExILI1. ARIZONA THREATENED ONAWACCAE CA,4ISSONIA PARRYI ARIZONA THREATENED ONAC.RACEAL CAMI55ONIA SPECUICOLA

Okolju prijazno delovanje hotela

OpenAIRE

Miljanović, Biljana

2018-01-01

Magistrsko delo obravnava problematiko trajnostnega poslovanja hotelov. Tako v hotelski dejavnosti, kot tudi v turističnem sektorju postajajo načela trajnostnega razvoja vse pomembnejša. Ob vplivih na okolje velja poudariti tudi ekonomski in socialni vidik. V raziskavo smo vključili izbrani hotel iz hotelske verige xy. Namen je bilo raziskati, katere možnosti so nam na dosegu za bolj trajnostno poslovanje hotela. Pri tem smo vključili različne vplive na okolje, od odpadkov, porabe električne ...

A vinculação dos conhecimentos: entre a razão mediada e a razão leve

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Nelida Gonzalez de Gómez

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Durante séculos, existiam poucas dúvidas acerca da validade e da qualidade dos princípios que colocavam juntos conhecimentos, textos, documentos, conteúdos disciplinares e suas respectivas literaturas. No século XX, não se poderia manter esse otimismo, confrontado com a pluralidade e a diversificação das especialidades, assim como a fragilização das fronteiras entre as ciências e as não-ciências e entre disciplinas. A questão, agora, seria acerca da extensão e da qualidade dessas mudanças e do entendimento de seu significado na esfera social. Palavras-chave: Conhecimento, informação, vinculações.

Four-Year Change in Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Influence on Glycemic Control in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes in a Randomized Trial

Science.gov (United States)

Jakicic, John M.; Egan, Caitlin M.; Fabricatore, Anthony N.; Gaussoin, Sarah A.; Glasser, Stephen P.; Hesson, Louise A.; Knowler, William C.; Lang, Wei; Regensteiner, Judith G.; Ribisl, Paul M.; Ryan, Donna H.

2013-01-01

OBJECTIVE To examine an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) compared with diabetes support and education (DSE) on 4-year change in fitness and physical activity (PA), and to examine the effect of change in fitness and PA, adjusting for potential confounders, on glycemic control in the Look AHEAD Trial. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Subjects were overweight/obese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with available fitness data at 4 years (n = 3,942).This clinical trial randomized subjects to DSE or ILI. DSE subjects received standard care plus information related to diet, PA, and social support three times per year. ILI subjects received weekly intervention contact for 6 months, which was reduced over the 4-year period, and were prescribed diet and PA. Measures included weight, fitness, PA, and HbA1c. RESULTS The difference in percent fitness change between ILI and DSE at 4 years was significant after adjustment for baseline fitness and change in weight (3.70 vs. 0.94%; P Fitness change at 4 years was inversely related to change in HbA1c after adjustment for clinical site, treatment, baseline HbA1c, prescribed diabetes medication, baseline fitness, and weight change (P fitness and PA in overweight/obese individuals with T2DM. Change in fitness was associated with improvements in glycemic control, which provides support for interventions to improve fitness in adults with T2DM. PMID:23223405

Association between influenza vaccination and reduced risks of major adverse cardiovascular events in elderly patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Chiang, Ming-Hsien; Wu, Hau-Hsin; Shih, Chia-Jen; Chen, Yung-Tai; Kuo, Shu-Chen; Chen, Te-Li

2017-11-01

This study was conducted to determine the protective effect of influenza vaccine against primary major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in elderly patients, especially those with influenza-like illness (ILI). This retrospective, population-based case-control study of an elderly population (age≥65 years) was conducted using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (2000-2013). One control was selected for each MACE case (n=80,363 each), matched according to age, year of study entry, and predisposing factors for MACEs. ILI and MACEs (myocardial infarction [MI] and ischemic stroke) were defined according to the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for the association between MACEs and vaccination. Influenza vaccination received in the previous year was associated with reduced risks of primary MACEs overall (adjusted OR [aOR] 0.80, 95% CI 0.78-0.82, Prisks of MACEs (aOR 1.24, 95% CI 1.18-1.29, PVaccination attenuated the heightened risks associated with ILI (MACEs: aOR 0.99, 95% CI 0.92-1.07, P=.834; MI: aOR 1.05, 95% CI 0.92-1.21, P=.440; ischemic stroke: aOR 0.96, 95% CI 0.89-1.05, P=.398). Results of this study suggest that influenza vaccination is associated with reduced primary MACE risks in the elderly population, including those with ILI. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Influência da intensidade luminosa no desenvolvimento de mudas de Jatropha curcas L.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fabio Santos Matos

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se identificar, por meio de parâmetros fisiológicos, o adequado ambiente luminoso para produção de mudas de Jatropha curcas L, avaliando a plasticidade da planta às variações da disponibilidade de luz. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado com três tratamentos (plantas cultivadas a pleno sol interceptando 100 % da radiação solar “T1”, plantas em sombrite interceptando 50 % da radiação solar “T2” e plantas cultivadas em sombrite interceptando 25 % da radiação solar “T3” e cinco repetições. Aos 50 dias após emergência foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis: biomassa total, razão de massa radicular, razão de massa caulinar, razão de massa foliar, razão massa seca da folha/sistema radicular, razão parte aérea/sistema radicular, área foliar específica, teor relativo de água, altura da planta, número de folhas, diâmetro do caule, concentrações de clorofilas e carotenóides, razão clorofila/carotenóide e índice de plasticidade fenotípica para todas as variáveis. As mudas desenvolvidas a pleno sol apresentaram-se mais vigorosas e com maior número de folhas, sistema radicular robusto e elevada biomassa total. As plantas produzidas nesta condição são as mais indicadas para plantio a campo.

RINITIS U ODRASLIH

OpenAIRE

KALOGJERA, LIVIJE

2011-01-01

Rinitis je upala nosne sluznice različite etiologije, uključujući infekciju, alergiju ili hiperreaktivni odgovor na raznovrsne podražaje iz okoline. Praćen je simptomima opstrukcije, hipersekrecije, kihanja ili svrbeža nosa. Klasifikacije rinitisa se oslanjaju na etiologiju i težinu simptoma. Iako je s epidemiološkog gledišta najčešći virusni rinitis u sklopu obične prehlade, javnozdravstveno se značenje prvenstveno fokusira na kronični rinitis, alergijski i nealergijski. Alergijski rinitis s...

Case of seasonal reassortant A(H1N2) influenza virus infection, the Netherlands, March 2018.

Science.gov (United States)

Meijer, Adam; Swaan, Corien M; Voerknecht, Martin; Jusic, Edin; van den Brink, Sharon; Wijsman, Lisa A; Voordouw, Bettie Cg; Donker, Gé A; Sleven, Jacqueline; Dorigo-Zetsma, Wendelien W; Svraka, Sanela; van Boven, Michiel; Haverkate, Manon R; Timen, Aura; van Dissel, Jaap T; Koopmans, Marion Pg; Bestebroer, Theo M; Fouchier, Ron Am

2018-04-01

A seasonal reassortant A(H1N2) influenza virus harbouring genome segments from seasonal influenza viruses A(H1N1)pdm09 (HA and NS) and A(H3N2) (PB2, PB1, PA, NP, NA and M) was identified in March 2018 in a 19-months-old patient with influenza-like illness (ILI) who presented to a general practitioner participating in the routine sentinel surveillance of ILI in the Netherlands. The patient recovered fully. Further epidemiological and virological investigation did not reveal additional cases.

Etika oglašavanja – problemi definiranja i razgraničenja od srodnih disciplina

OpenAIRE

Žanetić, Ivan

2014-01-01

Rad ima namjeru da ponudi uvod u etiku oglašavanja, razmatrajući probleme njena definiranja, kao i različite koncepcije tog područja. Primijećene razlike u poimanju discipline okupljene su u tri skupine: (1) oko pitanja o teorijskom ili primijenjenom karakteru etike oglašavanja, (2) oko njene odvojenosti ili uključenosti u marketinšku etiku, te (3) oko izvornih teorijskih doprinosa etike oglašavanja općoj etici kao jedinom razlogu postojanja etike oglašavanja. Posebnu smo pažnju posvetili pri...

STRATEGIJA (STRATEGIJE) RAZVOJA

OpenAIRE

2011-01-01

Gledajući televiziju, čitajući dnevni i tjedni tisak, prateći stručne skupove u naravi ili putem medija,stalno čujemo isto “nemamo strategije razvoja”, znači nemamo generalne strategije razvoja na raziniDržave, a nemamo je niti po svim granama gospodarstva, obrazovanja, znanosti, lokalne zajednice itd.,što je razumljivo, jer bi, uvjetno rečeno, zbroj tih strategija ili njihovih značajnijih dijelova, činio tu ge­neralnu strategiju na razini Države.Tako primjerice na okruglom stolu u Hrvatskoj ...

Upotreba začina u proizvodnji tradicionalnih sireva

OpenAIRE

Josipović, Renata; Markov, Ksenija; Frece, Jadranka; Stanzer, Damir; Cvitković, Ante; Mrvčić, Jasna

2016-01-01

Sir je visoko cijenjeni mliječni proizvod u mnogim zemljama svijeta, a posebna pažnja pridaje se tradicionalnim sirevima, koji nisu samo hrana već i dio kulture i obilježja neke zemlje. Zahvaljujući zemljopisnom položaju i klimatsko-vegetacijskoj raznolikosti Republike Hrvatske, u pojedinim regijama razvijena je proizvodnja različitih tradicionalnih sireva uz upotrebu začina. Kod proizvodnje sireva sa začinima, začini se dodaju ili u sir koji se potom oblikuje, ili se sir omata lišćem začinsk...

Statističke metode u kontroli kvalitete mlijeka i proizvoda

OpenAIRE

Filajdić, Mirko; Ritz, Milana; Vahčić, Nada; Vojnović, Vera; Grüner, Matilda; Vujanić, Diana

1991-01-01

Nakon osnivanja Analitičke sekcije na XXVIII. simpoziju mljekarske industrije 1990. godine ukazala se potreba proširenja spoznaja ili obnova znanja iz primjene statističkih metoda u interpretaciji rezultata analiza pri provjeri kakvoće mlijeka i mliječnih proizvoda. 1. Utvrđivanje slučajnih pogrešaka u rezultatima analiza - Prvi dio rada sadrži nekoliko praktičnih primjera utvrđivanja slučajne pogreške rezultata analiza kad se rezultati izražavaju kao kontinuirane ili diskretne veličine mjere...

Krvarenje iz karcinoma debelog crijeva

OpenAIRE

Bušić, Željko; Radi, Mijo; Sekulić, Zvonimir; Bušić, Dubravka

1988-01-01

Od siječnja 1985. do lipnja 1987. godine, u Kirurškom odjelu Opće bolnice Nova Gradiška, lije­čeno je i operirano 28 bolesnika zbog karcinoma debelog crijeva. Ispitivani su učestalost i jačina krvarenja iz karcinoma debelog crijeva. Okultno i minimalno krvarenje preoperativno je dijagnosticirano u 20 bolesnika ili 71,5%.. Klinički manifestno obilnije krvarenje dijagnosticirano je samo u jednog bolesnika ili 3,5% bolesnika. Ni u jednom slučaju nije bila potrebna hitna kirurška intervencija zbo...

O sexo masculino vulnerável: razão de masculinidade entre os óbitos fetais brasileiros The vulnerable male, or the sex ratio among fetal deaths in Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alexandre Dias Porto Chiavegatto Filho

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Alguns estudos apontam para a existência de vulnerabilidades biológicas inatas masculinas, especialmente no período perinatal. Foi realizada uma análise transversal da mortalidade fetal brasileira segundo sexo, entre 2000 e 2009 (inclusive, conforme características maternas (idade, escolaridade e duração da gestação, utilizando-se dados disponibilizados pelos sistema DATASUS do Ministério da Saúde. Todos os óbitos fetais do período foram incluídos na análise, excetuando-se os casos em que o sexo do feto não foi declarado. A razão de masculinidade (RM encontrada para os óbitos fetais foi de 1,188. As categorias mais relacionadas com maior risco (idade entre 10 e 14 anos, nenhuma escolaridade e gestação com menos de 22 semanas apresentaram maior RM, sendo esses valores, em todos os casos, estatisticamente maiores do que os observados nas outras categorias analisadas (p Some studies indicate the existence of innate male vulnerabilities, especially during the perinatal period. The current study is a cross-sectional analysis of fetal mortality in Brazil according to sex from 2000 to 2009, stratified by maternal characteristics (age, schooling, and gestational age, using Ministry of Health data (DATASUS. The analysis included all fetal deaths from 2000 to 2009, except when the sex of the fetus was not recorded. The male/female sex ratio (SR for all fetal deaths was 1.188. Analysis of maternal characteristics showed that the SR was statistically higher (p < 0.01 in mothers that were younger (10-14 years, had no formal schooling, and with gestational age < 22 weeks. The study showed a statistically higher-than-expected SR (p < 0.01 for 13 underlying causes of death and a lower SR for two others. The results suggest a potential innate male vulnerability.

Feminicidio y derecho penal: herramientas para su mejor aplicación

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jhoanna Caterine Prieto Moreno

2012-01-01

Full Text Available El numeral 11 del artículo 104 del Código Penal colombiano introdujo como causal de agravación del homicidio aquella acción que se comete contra una mujer en razón a su condición de género, pero que ello no llega a ser suficiente en razón al desconocimiento que se tiene por parte del aparato jurisdiccional penal para su debida aplicación, en razón a que no se tiene claridad sobre las motivaciones que llevaron al victimario a cometer dicho homicidio (feminicidio.

Libertad y orden en la Filosofía política kantiana. Acerca de los límites del uso público de la razón en El conflicto de las Facultades

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Beade, Ileana

2014-06-01

Full Text Available This paper addresses a double demand formulated by Kant in The conflict of the Faculties –to wit: the demand for freedom and the demand for order– with the aim of pointing out the basic premise implicit in such demand: the idea that the public order constitutes the fundamental condition for the preservation of the civil state, as the only state within which human beings can fully exercise their innate right to freedom. We will examine the way that Kant characterizes the contest between the Faculties, stressing its essentially political meaning, and will also consider the specific function that he assigns to each of them, paying special attention to the limits he sets on the free exercise of philosophical reason.En este trabajo proponemos examinar una doble exigencia formulada por Kant en El conflicto de las Facultades –a saber, la exigencia de libertad y la exigencia del orden–, a fin de señalar la premisa básica subyacente a dicha exigencia, esto es: la idea de que el orden público constituye la condición fundamental para la preservación del estado civil, entendido como el único estado en el que los hombres pueden ejercer plenamente su derecho innato a la libertad. Atendiendo a este objetivo, examinaremos el modo en que Kant caracteriza la contienda entre las Facultades, destacando el sentido eminentemente político del conflicto, y analizaremos la función específica que asigna a cada una de las Facultades, haciendo especial énfasis en la determinación de los límites establecidos para el libre ejercicio de la razón filosófica.

Estimation of the burden of pandemic(H1N12009 in developing countries: experience from a tertiary care center in South India.

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Mahesh Moorthy

Full Text Available The burden of the pandemic (H1N1 2009 influenza might be underestimated if detection of the virus is mandated to diagnose infection. Using an alternate approach, we propose that a much higher pandemic burden was experienced in our institution.Consecutive patients (n = 2588 presenting to our hospital with influenza like illness (ILI or severe acute respiratory infection (SARI during a 1-year period (May 2009-April 2010 were prospectively recruited and tested for influenza A by real-time RT-PCR. Analysis of weekly trends showed an 11-fold increase in patients presenting with ILI/SARI during the peak pandemic period when compared with the pre-pandemic period and a significant (P<0.001 increase in SARI admissions during the pandemic period (30 ± 15.9 admissions/week when compared with pre-pandemic (7 ± 2.5 and post-pandemic periods (5 ± 3.8. However, Influenza A was detected in less than one-third of patients with ILI/SARI [699 (27.0%]; a majority of these (557/699, 79.7% were Pandemic (H1N12009 virus [A/H1N1/09]. An A/H1N1/09 positive test was correlated with shorter symptom duration prior to presentation (p = 0.03. More ILI cases tested positive for A/H1N1/09 when compared with SARI (27.4% vs. 14.6%, P = 0.037. When the entire study population was considered, A/H1N1/09 positivity was associated with lower risk of hospitalization (p<0.0001 and ICU admission (p = 0.013 suggesting mild self-limiting illness in a majority.Analysis of weekly trends of ILI/SARI suggest a higher burden of the pandemic attributable to A/H1N1/09 than estimates assessed by a positive PCR test alone. The study highlights methodological consideration in the estimation of burden of pandemic influenza in developing countries using hospital-based data that may help assess the impact of future outbreaks of respiratory illnesses.

Determinação da razão ótima de espermatozóides por ovócitos de piabanha Brycon insignis (pisces - characidae Determination of the optimum ratio of spermatozoa per oocyte of the piabanha Brycon insignis

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E. Shimoda

2007-08-01

Full Text Available Determinou-se a razão ótima de espermatozóides por ovócitos da piabanha Brycon insignis, utilizando-se dois machos e duas fêmeas da espécie, submetidos ao procedimento de desova induzida. Os gametas foram extrusados manualmente 200 horas-grau após a aplicação do extrato bruto de hipófise. Os ovócitos foram misturados e deste pool retiraram-se amostras com 2g de ovócitos (701 ovócitos/g. O sêmen do pool foi diluído em solução de NaCL 1,2% de tal forma que, após a adição de 1ml do sêmen diluído aos ovócitos, fossem obtidas as seguintes razões espermatozóides por ovócitos em cada tratamento: T1=86.662, T2=173.324, T3=259.986, T4=346.648 e T5=433.310. A taxa de fertilização do sêmen não diluído usado como controle foi de 65,3%. Após ativação espermática com NaHCO3 1% e fecundação, os ovos foram transferidos para as incubadoras e nelas foram observadas as seguintes percentagens de fertilização em relação à do grupo-controle: T1=35,7%, T2=53,1%, T3=79,1%, T4=93,4% e T5=87,8%. A percentagem de fertilização (em relação ao controle aumentou de forma linear, segundo a equação de regressão: Y=15,55+0,0002297X (PThe optimum spermatozoa:oocyte ratio of piabanha Brycon insignis was studied. Two males and two females were induced to spawn, and the gametes were stripped after 200 hourgrades starting from the application of carp pituitary gland. Oocytes from two females were mixed, and samples of 2g (701 oocytes/g were collected from the obtained pool and placed into plastic cups. The semen from the two males, after mixed to compose a pool, was diluted in NaCl solution (1.2% so that, after the addition of 1ml of diluted sperm into the oocytes, the following spermatozoa:oocyte ratios (tri-replicated were obtained: T1=86,662, T2=173,324, T3=259,986, T4=346,648 and T5=433,310. After the activation using 1% NaHCO3 and fertilization, the eggs were transferred to incubators, and observed the percentages of fertilization

Descriptores botánicos para caracterizar germoplasmas de Ricinus communis de diferentes zonas de Costa Rica

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Paola Solera-Steller

2015-03-01

Los resultados mostraron valores significativos para la longitud del racimo y el número de frutos por racimo, la razón largo/ancho del fruto, peso del fruto, la razón del largo/ancho de la semilla y el peso de la semilla, con correlaciones superiores a un 45%. Sin embargo, el ACP mostró que existe una alta variabilidad entre los datos, algo muy común entre individuos silvestres, debido principalmente a su forma de dispersión y a la gran cantidad de zonas de vida muestreadas. Para la CJA, se pudieron observar tres grupos ordenados principalmente por las correlaciones entre el tamaño del racimo y el número de frutos, la razón largo/ancho y el peso del fruto y la razón largo/ancho y peso de la semilla, los cuales pueden usarse como indicadores para la caracterización morfológica de la higuerilla proveniente de todo el país.

"USO POLÉMICO DA RAZÃO", OU "PAZ PERPÉTUA EM FILOSOFIA"? SOBRE O PENSAMENTO ANTINÓMICO E O PRINCÍPIO DE ANTAGONISMO EM KANT

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Leonel Ribeiro dos Santos

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Fazendo a leitura cruzada de um tardio ensaio de Kant – Anúncio da próxima assinatura de um tratado para a paz perpétua em filosofia (1796 – e da segunda secção do primeiro capítulo da Teoria Transcendental do Método da Crítica da Razão Pura, que leva o título "Disciplina da razão pura em relação ao seu uso polémico", tenta-se identificar e compreender a aparente contradição do programa da crítica kantiana da razão, o qual, se, por um lado, se anuncia com a intenção de resolver os intermináveis conflitos que têm lugar na arena da razão pura, superando o escândalo das aparentes contradições da razão consigo mesma e estabelecendo, enfim, a "paz perpétua em filosofia", por outro, conduz-se mediante um procedimento dialéctico inspirado na retórica judicial, fazendo apelo a um "uso polémico da razão pura", como sendo a forma mais adequada e, na verdade, segundo o filósofo crítico, a única disponível, para neutralizar, seja as pretensões do dogmatismo, seja as do cepticismo a propósito das questões metafísicas. Ao mesmo tempo que a nossa reflexão nos leva a caracterizar a pax philosophica kantiana e as pressupostas homologias entre a solução dos conflitos políticos e a dos conflitos especulativos, chega-se por ela também a reconhecer que toda a filosofia kantiana está originariamente determinada por uma concepção agónica da vida, da sociedade humana, do cosmos, da própria razão.

Análise do perfil facial esquelético e de tecidos moles pré e pós-cirurgia ortognática em pacientes Classe II e III, e sua relação com a proporção áurea

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Leticia Ângelo WALEWSKI

Full Text Available Resumo Introdução A proporção áurea, representada pela razão matemática 1:1.618, tem sido investigada na especialidade Ortodontia e no procedimento de Cirurgia Ortognática, a fim de ser estabelecida como um guia de sucesso clínico relacionado à estética facial. Objetivo Verificar a estética dos perfis faciais de pacientes Classes II e III de Angle, antes e após tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico, além de correlacionar 13 razões dentoesqueléticas e cinco razões de tecidos moles à proporção áurea. Material e método Um total de 94 radiografias cefalométricas laterais foram analisadas, em que 13 razões dentoesqueléticas e cinco razões em tecidos moles foram medidas e comparadas ao número áureo. Adicionalmente, uma análise subjetiva da estética facial pré e pós-tratamento foi realizada por 270 examinadores. Resultado As razões dentoesqueléticas 1, 3, 6, 7, 8 e 9 aproximaram-se do número áureo após a cirurgia ortognática, nos pacientes Classe III. Para o perfil mole, apenas a razão 4 se aproximou ao número áureo, em ambos os pacientes Classe II e III. Em relação à avaliação subjetiva da estética, 91,49% dos perfis faciais foram considerados mais harmônicos após o tratamento. Conclusão Frente à metodologia usada, pode-se concluir que a proporção áurea exerce pouca influência na avaliação da estética facial, não servindo como um guia para o planejamento e o tratamento ortodôntico-ortognático.

Long-term Impact of Weight Loss Intervention on Changes in Cognitive Function: Exploratory Analyses from the Action for Health in Diabetes Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

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Espeland, Mark A; Carmichael, Owen; Hayden, Kathleen; Neiberg, Rebecca H; Newman, Anne B; Keller, Jeffery N; Wadden, Thomas A; Rapp, Stephen R; Hill, James O; Horton, Edward S; Johnson, Karen C; Wagenknecht, Lynne; Wing, Rena R

2018-03-14

Diabetes adversely impacts cognition. Lifestyle change can improve diabetes control and potentially improve cognition. We examined whether weight loss through reduced caloric intake and increased physical activity was associated with slower cognitive aging in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The Look AHEAD randomized controlled clinical trial delivered 10 years of intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) that yielded long-term weight losses. During 5 years spanning the end of intervention and postintervention follow-up, repeated cognitive assessments were obtained in 1,091 individuals who had been assigned to ILI or a control condition of diabetes support and education (DSE). We compared the means and slopes of scores on cognitive testing over these repeated assessments. Compared with DSE, assignment to ILI was associated with a -0.082 SD deficit in mean global cognitive function across repeated assessments (p = .010). However, overweight (body mass index [BMI] memory. The behavioral weight loss intervention was associated with small relative deficits in cognitive function among individuals who were obese and marginally greater cognitive decline overall compared to control. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00017953.

Influenzanet: Citizens Among 10 Countries Collaborating to Monitor Influenza in Europe.

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Koppeschaar, Carl E; Colizza, Vittoria; Guerrisi, Caroline; Turbelin, Clément; Duggan, Jim; Edmunds, W John; Kjelsø, Charlotte; Mexia, Ricardo; Moreno, Yamir; Meloni, Sandro; Paolotti, Daniela; Perrotta, Daniela; van Straten, Edward; Franco, Ana O

2017-09-19

The wide availability of the Internet and the growth of digital communication technologies have become an important tool for epidemiological studies and health surveillance. Influenzanet is a participatory surveillance system monitoring the incidence of influenza-like illness (ILI) in Europe since 2003. It is based on data provided by volunteers who self-report their symptoms via the Internet throughout the influenza season and currently involves 10 countries. In this paper, we describe the Influenzanet system and provide an overview of results from several analyses that have been performed with the collected data, which include participant representativeness analyses, data validation (comparing ILI incidence rates between Influenzanet and sentinel medical practice networks), identification of ILI risk factors, and influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) studies previously published. Additionally, we present new VE analyses for the Netherlands, stratified by age and chronic illness and offer suggestions for further work and considerations on the continuity and sustainability of the participatory system. Influenzanet comprises country-specific websites where residents can register to become volunteers to support influenza surveillance and have access to influenza-related information. Participants are recruited through different communication channels. Following registration, volunteers submit an intake questionnaire with their postal code and sociodemographic and medical characteristics, after which they are invited to report their symptoms via a weekly electronic newsletter reminder. Several thousands of participants have been engaged yearly in Influenzanet, with over 36,000 volunteers in the 2015-16 season alone. In summary, for some traits and in some countries (eg, influenza vaccination rates in the Netherlands), Influenzanet participants were representative of the general population. However, for other traits, they were not (eg, participants underrepresent the

Sporazumi o razgraničenju epikontinentskih pojaseva između država čije obale leže sučelice ili međusobno graniče u Sredozemlju

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Marina Vokić Žužul

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Dvostranim sporazumima između država čije obale leže sučelice ili međusobno graniče do danas je u Sredozemnome moru konačno definirano samo deset crta razgraničenja epikontinentskih pojaseva. U ovome radu analizira se sadržaj svakog od tih ugovora i ukazuje na potrebu utvrđivanja brojnih novih granica sredozemnoga morskoga dna i podzemlja, posebice s obzirom na sve veću gospodarsku važnost njegovih prirodnih bogatstava. Toj analizi prethodi istraživanje primjene konvencijskih pravila o vanjskim granicama epikontinentskog pojasa u nacionalnim propisima obalnih država. Kao najaktivnija sredozemna zemlja u određivanju granica podmorja ističe se Republika Italija. Uz usvajanje detaljnih propisa o vanjskim granicama epikontinentskog pojasa, Italija je zaključila i pet sporazuma o njegovom razgraničenju sa susjednim državama - s bivšom Jugoslavijom, Tunisom, Španjolskom, Grčkom i Albanijom. Uz te ugovore razmatraju se i temeljne značajke dvaju sporazuma koji provode presude Međunarodnog suda pravde (Libija - Tunis i Libija - Malta te kriteriji razgraničenja epikontinentskog pojasa primijenjeni u ugovorima o jedinstvenoj morskoj granici između Bugarske i Turske te Francuske i Monaka. Predmet analize je i crta razgraničenja epikontinentskih pojaseva utvrđena sporazumom između Turske i bivšega Sovjetskog Saveza 1978., koja je devet godina kasnije postala granicom i njihovih gospodarskih pojaseva. Cilj ovoga izlaganja nije samo dati pregled svih dosada sporazumno utvrđenih granica epikontinentskih pojaseva u Sredozemlju, nego i pokušati odgovoriti na pitanje - trebaju li već postojeće granice koje su bile dogovorene za morsko dno, postati i granice voda nad morskim dnom. To je pitanje od posebne važnosti za buduće razgraničenje gospodarskog pojasa odnosno zaštićenoga ekološko-ribolovnog pojasa Republike Hrvatske sa sličnim zonama susjednih država u Jadranu. S obzirom na nedavno započeta istra

Facemasks, Hand Hygiene, and Influenza among Young Adults: A Randomized Intervention Trial

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Aiello, Allison E.; Perez, Vanessa; Coulborn, Rebecca M.; Davis, Brian M.; Uddin, Monica; Monto, Arnold S.

2012-01-01

Limited vaccine availability and the potential for resistance to antiviral medications have led to calls for establishing the efficacy of non-pharmaceutical measures for mitigating pandemic influenza. Our objective was to examine if the use of face masks and hand hygiene reduced rates of influenza-like illness (ILI) and laboratory-confirmed influenza in the natural setting. A cluster-randomized intervention trial was designed involving 1,178 young adults living in 37 residence houses in 5 university residence halls during the 2007–2008 influenza season. Participants were assigned to face mask and hand hygiene, face mask only, or control group during the study. Discrete-time survival models using generalized estimating equations to estimate intervention effects on ILI and confirmed influenza A/B infection over a 6-week study period were examined. A significant reduction in the rate of ILI was observed in weeks 3 through 6 of the study, with a maximum reduction of 75% during the final study week (rate ratio [RR] = 0.25, [95% CI, 0.07 to 0.87]). Both intervention groups compared to the control showed cumulative reductions in rates of influenza over the study period, although results did not reach statistical significance. Generalizability limited to similar settings and age groups. Face masks and hand hygiene combined may reduce the rate of ILI and confirmed influenza in community settings. These non-pharmaceutical measures should be recommended in crowded settings at the start of an influenza pandemic. Trail Registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00490633 PMID:22295066

Facemasks, hand hygiene, and influenza among young adults: a randomized intervention trial.

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Allison E Aiello

Full Text Available Limited vaccine availability and the potential for resistance to antiviral medications have led to calls for establishing the efficacy of non-pharmaceutical measures for mitigating pandemic influenza. Our objective was to examine if the use of face masks and hand hygiene reduced rates of influenza-like illness (ILI and laboratory-confirmed influenza in the natural setting. A cluster-randomized intervention trial was designed involving 1,178 young adults living in 37 residence houses in 5 university residence halls during the 2007-2008 influenza season. Participants were assigned to face mask and hand hygiene, face mask only, or control group during the study. Discrete-time survival models using generalized estimating equations to estimate intervention effects on ILI and confirmed influenza A/B infection over a 6-week study period were examined. A significant reduction in the rate of ILI was observed in weeks 3 through 6 of the study, with a maximum reduction of 75% during the final study week (rate ratio [RR] = 0.25, [95% CI, 0.07 to 0.87]. Both intervention groups compared to the control showed cumulative reductions in rates of influenza over the study period, although results did not reach statistical significance. Generalizability limited to similar settings and age groups. Face masks and hand hygiene combined may reduce the rate of ILI and confirmed influenza in community settings. These non-pharmaceutical measures should be recommended in crowded settings at the start of an influenza pandemic.[corrected] Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00490633.

Nowcasting influenza outbreaks using open-source media report.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ray, Jaideep; Brownstein, John S. [Boston Children%3CU%2B2019%3Es Hospital, Boston, MA

2013-02-01

We construct and verify a statistical method to nowcast influenza activity from a time-series of the frequency of reports concerning influenza related topics. Such reports are published electronically by both public health organizations as well as newspapers/media sources, and thus can be harvested easily via web crawlers. Since media reports are timely, whereas reports from public health organization are delayed by at least two weeks, using timely, open-source data to compensate for the lag in %E2%80%9Cofficial%E2%80%9D reports can be useful. We use morbidity data from networks of sentinel physicians (both the Center of Disease Control's ILINet and France's Sentinelles network) as the gold standard of influenza-like illness (ILI) activity. The time-series of media reports is obtained from HealthMap (http://healthmap.org). We find that the time-series of media reports shows some correlation ( 0.5) with ILI activity; further, this can be leveraged into an autoregressive moving average model with exogenous inputs (ARMAX model) to nowcast ILI activity. We find that the ARMAX models have more predictive skill compared to autoregressive (AR) models fitted to ILI data i.e., it is possible to exploit the information content in the open-source data. We also find that when the open-source data are non-informative, the ARMAX models reproduce the performance of AR models. The statistical models are tested on data from the 2009 swine-flu outbreak as well as the mild 2011-2012 influenza season in the U.S.A.

Segregation of virulent influenza A(H1N1 variants in the lower respiratory tract of critically ill patients during the 2010-2011 seasonal epidemic.

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Antonio Piralla

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Since its appearance in 2009, the pandemic influenza A(H1N1 virus circulated worldwide causing several severe infections. METHODS: Respiratory samples from patients with 2009 influenza A(H1N1 and acute respiratory distress attending 24 intensive care units (ICUs as well as from patients with lower respiratory tract infections not requiring ICU admission and community upper respiratory tract infections in the Lombardy region (10 million inhabitants of Italy during the 2010-2011 winter-spring season, were analyzed. RESULTS: In patients with severe ILI, the viral load was higher in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL with respect to nasal swab (NS, (p<0.001 suggesting a higher virus replication in the lower respiratory tract. Four distinct virus clusters (referred to as cluster A to D circulated simultaneously. Most (72.7%, n = 48 of the 66 patients infected with viruses belonging to cluster A had a severe (n = 26 or moderate ILI (n = 22. Amino acid mutations (V26I, I116M, A186T, D187Y, D222G/N, M257I, S263F, I286L/M, and N473D were observed only in patients with severe ILI. D222G/N variants were detected exclusively in BAL samples. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple virus clusters co-circulated during the 2010-2011 winter-spring season. Severe or moderate ILI were associated with specific 2009 influenza A(H1N1 variants, which replicated preferentially in the lower respiratory tract.

Derivation of inner magnetospheric electric field (UNH-IMEF model using Cluster data set

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H. Matsui

2008-09-01

Full Text Available We derive an inner magnetospheric electric field (UNH-IMEF model at <I>L>=2–10 using primarily Cluster electric field data for more than 5 years between February 2001 and October 2006. This electric field data set is divided into several ranges of the interplanetary electric field (IEF values measured by ACE. As ring current simulations which require electric field as an input parameter are often performed at <I>L>=2–6.6, we have included statistical results from ground radars and low altitude satellites inside the perigee of Cluster in our data set (<I>L>~4. Electric potential patterns are derived from the average electric fields by solving an inverse problem. The electric potential pattern for small IEF values is probably affected by the ionospheric dynamo. The magnitudes of the electric field increase around the evening local time as IEF increases, presumably due to the sub-auroral polarization stream (SAPS. Another region with enhanced electric fields during large IEF periods is located around 9 MLT at <I>L>>8, which is possibly related to solar wind-magnetosphere coupling. Our potential patterns are consistent with those derived from self-consistent simulations. As the potential patterns can be interpolated/extrapolated to any discrete IEF value within measured ranges, we thus derive an empirical electric potential model. The performance of the model is evaluated by comparing the electric field derived from the model with original one measured by Cluster and mapped to the equator. The model is open to the public through our website.

Impact of influenza vaccination on respiratory illness rates in children attending private boarding schools in England, 2013-2014: a cohort study.

Science.gov (United States)

Brousseau, N; Green, H K; Andrews, N; Pryse, R; Baguelin, M; Sunderland, A; Ellis, J; Pebody, R

2015-12-01

Several private boarding schools in England have established universal influenza vaccination programmes for their pupils. We evaluated the impact of these programmes on the burden of respiratory illnesses in boarders. Between November 2013 and May 2014, age-specific respiratory disease incidence rates in boarders were compared between schools offering and not offering influenza vaccine to healthy boarders. We adjusted for age, sex, school size and week using negative binomial regression. Forty-three schools comprising 14 776 boarders participated. Almost all boarders (99%) were aged 11-17 years. Nineteen (44%) schools vaccinated healthy boarders against influenza, with a mean uptake of 48·5% (range 14·2-88·5%). Over the study period, 1468 respiratory illnesses were reported in boarders (5·66/1000 boarder-weeks); of these, 33 were influenza-like illnesses (ILIs, 0·26/1000 boarder-weeks) in vaccinating schools and 95 were ILIs (0·74/1000 boarder-weeks) in non-vaccinating schools. The impact of vaccinating healthy boarders was a 54% reduction in ILI in all boarders [rate ratio (RR) 0·46, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·28-0·76]. Disease rates were also reduced for upper respiratory tract infections (RR 0·72, 95% CI 0·61-0·85) and chest infections (RR 0·18, 95% CI 0·09-0·36). These findings demonstrate a significant impact of influenza vaccination on ILI and other clinical endpoints in secondary-school boarders. Additional research is needed to investigate the impact of influenza vaccination in non-boarding secondary-school settings.

KÜRE DÜZLEMİNDEKİ OPERATÖR RIESZ POTENSİYEL iNTEGRALINI HESAPLAMADA (p, q)'UN SINIRLlLlGI

OpenAIRE

Karakaş, Mehmet

2002-01-01

Kiire düzlemindeki Riesz potansiyel integralının lnsıni hesaplama işlemlerine ilişkin bir çol{ araştırınalar ortaya llt;oyulmuş ancak, hesaplama işlemlerind e oper atör (değişim) durumu Jlek ele alı nmamıştır . Bu araştırmada, operatör Rie�'Z potansiyel i ntegralnun lusmi hesapı ama işlemlerinin yöntem ve araştırmaya ilişl un özell iider ortaya }{oyulmuştur.

Hlapivi spojevi arome dalmatinske pancete proizvedene u različitim tehnološkim uvjetima

OpenAIRE

Krvavica, Marina; Milak, Vedrana

2017-01-01

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi u kojoj mjeri razlike u načinu soljenja (sa ili bez aditiva, utrošak soli/salamure, duljina faze soljenja), načinu dimljenja (ložište unutar ili izvan objekta i temperatura dima) te duljina sušenja i zrenja, utječu na sastav hlapivih spojeva arome dalmatinske pancete. U navedenu svrhu uzeta su po 2 uzorka dalmatinske pancete iz dva različita preradbena objekta na području Dalmacije, u kojima je panceta proizvedena na sljedeći način: objekt A – salamurenj...

UPORABA PISARNE V OBLAKU ZA POTREBE DRUŽINSKEGA IN MLADINSKEGA CENTRA

OpenAIRE

Repnik, Tina

2013-01-01

V diplomski nalogi smo v prvem delu teoretično obravnavali teledelo in računalništvo v oblaku. Preučili smo poznane rešitve računalništva v oblaku na trgu in se odločili za uporabo storitev enega izmed vodilnih podjetij s tega področja Google. Opredelili smo začetke in razvoj Googlea v svetu. Za potrebe Družinskega in mladinskega centra v Cerkljah smo z uporabo storitve Google Drive in Google Koledar ustvarili pisarno v oblaku. Za vse, ki niso vešči uporabe naštetih storitev, smo pripravi...

Frenulektomije - kada i zašto?

OpenAIRE

Kopić, Vlatko; Perić, Berislav; Macan, Darko

2004-01-01

Podatci iz literature često su dijametralno suprotni što se tiče potrebe da se izvede kirurški zahvat kod perzistentnoga frenuluma, bilo da se radilo o njegovoj izravnoj povezanosti s dijastemom medijanom ili ne. Različita su mišljenja o najpovoljnijem vremenu za zahvat ili na redoslijed intervencije kirurga, odnosno ortodonta. Većina se autora slaže u tome da je zahvat potreban, ali i da se s njim ne treba žuriti. Pojedini autori smatraju kako treba pričekati da iznikne trajni očnjak, a d...

Posttraumatski stresni poremećaj

OpenAIRE

Glavaš, Vlatko

2017-01-01

Ritam života današnjeg čovjeka ubrzan je i mnogi ne obraćaju pažnju na vlastito psihološko stanje. Posljedica toga je nakupljanje traumatskih ili stresnih događaja u ljudima. Stres ili trauma tumači se kao događaj izvan uobičajenog ljudskog iskustva. Jedan oblik bolesti koji se u vezi s time javlja je posttraumatski stresni poremećaj (PTSP). PTSP zahvaća oboljelu osobu u cjelini djelujući na sve aspekte razvoja osobe, odnosno biološke, psihološke i socijalne aspekte. Na biološkom p...

ZAŠTITA OKOLIŠA I MARKETING

OpenAIRE

Tišma, Sanja

2001-01-01

Ekološki pristup na svim područjima života i rada ljudi postao je danas svjetonazor, pa tako i ekološka pitanja dolaze u središte marketinških interesa s istaknutom tendencijom rasta u godinama koje dolaze. Unatoč velikom zanimanju javnosti za ekološki marketing ili kako se u različitim publikacijama često naziva zeleni marketing ili marketing zaštite okoliša, iznimno je malo znanstvenih rasprava u tom području. Ovim se člankom nastoje odrediti okviri u kojima je nastao ekološki marketing,...

INOVATIVNI TURISTIČKI PROIZVOD U FUNKCIJI HOTELSKE INDUSTRIJE

OpenAIRE

Ivanović, Slobodan

2003-01-01

U hotelskoj industriji vrlo često susrećemo više imitatora nego inovatora. Mali je broj hotelskih poduzeća koji su samo kontinuirano inovatori glede usluga. Kreativni imitatori doprinose difuziji inovacije i boljem podmirenju potreba nekih segmenata na turističkom tržištu. Oni uočavaju moguća poboljšanja na turističkom proizvodu ili usluzi koji su predmet inovacije - mijenja se neki atribut koji povećava njihovu vrijednost za domaće ili strane goste. Zato se drži da kreativna imitacija počinj...

Rapid detection of pandemic influenza in the presence of seasonal influenza

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

Background Key to the control of pandemic influenza are surveillance systems that raise alarms rapidly and sensitively. In addition, they must minimise false alarms during a normal influenza season. We develop a method that uses historical syndromic influenza data from the existing surveillance system 'SERVIS' (Scottish Enhanced Respiratory Virus Infection Surveillance) for influenza-like illness (ILI) in Scotland. Methods We develop an algorithm based on the weekly case ratio (WCR) of reported ILI cases to generate an alarm for pandemic influenza. From the seasonal influenza data from 13 Scottish health boards, we estimate the joint probability distribution of the country-level WCR and the number of health boards showing synchronous increases in reported influenza cases over the previous week. Pandemic cases are sampled with various case reporting rates from simulated pandemic influenza infections and overlaid with seasonal SERVIS data from 2001 to 2007. Using this combined time series we test our method for speed of detection, sensitivity and specificity. Also, the 2008-09 SERVIS ILI cases are used for testing detection performances of the three methods with a real pandemic data. Results We compare our method, based on our simulation study, to the moving-average Cumulative Sums (Mov-Avg Cusum) and ILI rate threshold methods and find it to be more sensitive and rapid. For 1% case reporting and detection specificity of 95%, our method is 100% sensitive and has median detection time (MDT) of 4 weeks while the Mov-Avg Cusum and ILI rate threshold methods are, respectively, 97% and 100% sensitive with MDT of 5 weeks. At 99% specificity, our method remains 100% sensitive with MDT of 5 weeks. Although the threshold method maintains its sensitivity of 100% with MDT of 5 weeks, sensitivity of Mov-Avg Cusum declines to 92% with increased MDT of 6 weeks. For a two-fold decrease in the case reporting rate (0.5%) and 99% specificity, the WCR and threshold methods

ORF Alignment: NC_002696 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

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Industrialnõi mir sadov : utopija ili realnost? / Jevgeni Kapov

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kapov, Jevgeni

2002-01-01

Kohtla-Järve põlevkivimuuseumis avatud näitusest "Aedade industriaalmaailm": organiseerisid Bauhaus Dessau (saksa arhitektuuri- ja disainikool) töötajad. Esitatud on tööstuskeskkonna ümberkujundamise projekte

Hedzh-fondõ : istotshnik riska ili likvidnosti / Fuad Rasulov

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Rasulov, Fuad

2007-01-01

Järg 14. märts lk. 37. G7 riikide rahandusministrid tegid FSF-ile (Financial Stability Forum) ülesandeks teha ettekanne ohtudest, mis tulenevad hedge-fondidest, et selle põhjal võtta vastu fondide tegevust reguleerivate seadusandlike dokumentide pakett. Vt. samas: Mis on hedge-fond?

Bright environments vision of the Intelligent Lighting Institute (ILI)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Özçelebi, T.

2014-01-01

The Bright Environments research program of the Eindhoven University of Technology Intelligent Lighting Institute aims to find new methods of intelligent lighting control and human interaction. We present a summary of the institute’s work on this research field and the research vision of the Bright

Imperatritsa ili sovetskaja zhenshtshina? / Aleksandr Vassiljev ; interv. N. Rumjantseva

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Vassiljev, Aleksandr

2002-01-01

Kunstnik ja moeajaloolane oma intervjuust kuulsa baleriini Maia Plissetskajaga (1925), mille ta tegi detsembris Monte-Carlos esilinastuva baleriini portreefilmi jaoks. Telekanali "Arte" filmi stsenarist on Kristian Lvovski ja stsenarist krahvinna Jelizaveta Kapnist

Liberalnõi imperializm, ili Missija Rossii v XXI veke

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2003-01-01

Venemaa valmistub parlamendi- ja presidendivalimisteks. Tuntud poliitik Anatoli Tshubais esines hiljuti Peterburis, põhiteemaks Venemaa ajalooline missioon XXI sajandil, poliitiline know-how - liberaalne imperialism

Narnija, ili V platjanoi shkaf i obratno / Nikolai Karajev

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Karajev, Nikolai, 1978-

2005-01-01

Ekraniseering C.S. Lewise 1950.a. ilmunud romaanist "Narnia lood : Lõvi, nõid ja riidekapp" ("Chronicles of Narnia : The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe") : režissöör Andrew Adamson : Ameerika Ühendriigid 2005

Võsokaja moda : v muzei ili na prodazhu? / Marina Radina

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Radina, Marina

2006-01-01

Kõrgmoenädalast kevad/suvi 2006 Pariisis. Tuntud disainerite ja moemajade Jean Paul Gaultier', John Galliano (Christian Diori moemaja), Chaneli, Valentino, Christian Lacroix', Elie Saab'i kollektsioonidest. Chaneli moemaja demonstratsioonil osales ka Carmen Kass

Bogi i monstrõ, ili biografija Supermena / Olga Marsheva

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Marsheva, Olga

2007-01-01

Ameerika tuntuimad koomiksikunstnikud Larry Hama, Stan Lee, Jerry Seagel, Bob Kain, Frank Miller ja nende loodud tegelaskujud. Ka briti kirjanik Alan Moore, kellele ei meeldi oma kangelastest tehtud ekraniseeringuid vaadata

Teatr v kino ili kino v teatre? / Rein Veidemann

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Veidemann, Rein, 1946-

2008-01-01

Võimalusest jälgida Metropolitan Opera lavastusi kinolavalt Tallinna kobarkinos ja Tartu kinos Ekraan. The Metropolitan Operas 26. IX etendunud R. Straussi ooperist "Salome", lavastaja J. Flimm, dirigent P. Summers, peaosas K. Mattila.

Ironija sudbõ, ili S ljogkim piarom! / Julia Larina

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Larina, Julia

2007-01-01

Eldar Rjazanovi menufilmi "Saatuse iroonia ehk Hüva leili!" (1975) järjefilm "Saatuse iroonia: lugu läheb edasi" ("Ironija sudbõ. Prodolzhenije") : režissöör Timur Bekmambetov : Venemaa 2007. Arvamust avaldavad ka filmi produtsent ja stsenaariumi kaasautormAnatoli Maksimov ja stsenarist Aleksei Slapovski

Negociace čili vyjednávání

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Krausová, Alena

2001-01-01

Roč. 38, č. 4 (2001), s. 45-51 ISSN 1212-5326. [Jazyk jako fenomén na přelomu tisíciletí. Setkání mladých jazykovědců /2./. Olomouc, 15.05.2001-16.05.2001] R&D Projects: GA MŠk LN00A023 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z9061902 Keywords : pragmatics * semantics * neology Subject RIV: AI - Linguistics

Benzin iz rapsa : utopija ili realnaja perspektiva? / Oleg Samorodni

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Samorodni, Oleg, 1961-

2006-01-01

Suurärimees Rein Kilgi eesmärgiks on viia Lõuna Toiduainetööstus Lõuna-Eesti juhtivaks ettevõtteks, seepärast käib ka võitlus rapsitööstuse Werol Tehased ostmise ümber ärimeeste Oliver Kruuda ja Urmas Sõõrumaaga

Glaz da glaz ili gaz da gaz? / Jevgenija Garanzha

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Garanža, Jevgenija, 1979-

2005-01-01

Euroopa Liidu ja Venemaa tippkohtumisest Londonis, kõnealusteks teemadeks lihtsustatud viisarežiim, piirilepingud Eesti ja Lätiga, vähemusrahvuste olukord nendes riikides, põhiteemaks kujuneb Euroopa sõltuvus Venemaa gaasist ja naftast

Razón y ser de los tipos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

González Blanco, F.

2006-09-01

Full Text Available Fisac’s oeuvre has traditionally been defined in terms of its individualism, its non-association with any school or movement whatsoever. A deeper analysis of one of his best known lines of research, the hollow forms of prestressed concrete (his famous “bones”, reveals a host of engineers, practitioners and businessmen united around a common core of friendship and ingenuity whose work crystallized in an evolutionary process interesting in its own right.This text is, therefore, a tribute not only to Miguel Fisac, but to all those who participated in this story, which lasted a mere ten years (the nineteen sixties: a story of risk, success and failure, where the architect often stood in solitude in the midst of a densely populated circle of engineers, quantity surveyors, contractors and inventors.Tradicionalmente se ha destacado de Fisac su carácter individualista, no atado a escuela o movimiento alguno. Profundizando en una de sus líneas investigadoras más conocidas como son las formas huecas de hormigón pretensado, sus famosos “huesos”, es inmediato encontrarse con una nube de técnicos, prácticos o empresarios unidos por un hilo común de amistad e ingenio, cuyo trabajo conjunto cristalizó en un proceso evolutivo ya de por sí interesante.Es por ello extensible este texto homenaje no sólo a la figura de Miguel Fisac, sino a todos aquellos que en el corto periodo de una década (los años sesenta participaron de esta historia. Una historia de riesgos, de aciertos y de errores, donde la figura del arquitecto queda en muchas ocasiones aislada entre la densidad de ingenieros, aparejadores, constructores o inventores.

Master-klass v kotorõi raz / Eteri Kekelidze

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kekelidze, Eteri, 1944-

2003-01-01

Sankt-Peterburgi Noorsooteatri kunstilise juhi G. Kozlovi ja tema õpilase R. Ibragimovi näitlejatreeningu meistriklassid Vene Kultuurikeskuses jätkamaks Eesti venekeelse loomingulise noorsoo haridusprogrammi

Hugo Chaves v otsherednoi raz progrozil SShA

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2005-01-01

Naftaeksportöör Venezuela sõlmis 13 Kariibi mere riigiga energeetikakoostöö leppe, mis tugevdas president Hugo Chavezi poliitilist positsiooni USA mõju vastu regioonis. USA ja Venezuela suhetest

Razširjena resničnost: Augmented reality:

OpenAIRE

Pucer, Patrik

2011-01-01

Today we can obtain in a simple and rapid way most of the information that we need. Devices, such as personal computers and mobile phones, enable access to information in different formats (written, pictorial, audio or video) wheneverand wherever. Daily we use and encounter information that can be seen as virtual objects or objects that are part of the virtual world of computers.Everyone, at least once, wanted to bring these virtual objects from the virtual world of computers into real enviro...

Loucura e razão: produzindo classes interativas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrea Cristina Scisleski

2014-09-01

Full Text Available The article proposes a discussion of some present configurations of madness, reviewing, in the first moment, the ideas of Ian Hacking, in order to think this existence mode as an operative effect of a matrix that constitutes social interactive classification and categories. In a second moment, the discussion incorporates Michel Foucault's problematizations, especially those presented in his classical book, The history of madness in the Classical Age, aiming to think the displacements in the matrix that makes the idea of madness. Foucault's work does not display a linearity of speeches about madness, but otherwise shows discontinuities that conform and legitimate existence's forms, that are classified as suitable or not, depending on the truth regime. The authors discuss critically the madness classification practices and referentials, searching for possibilities to promote less rigid and deterministic insertions. We emphasize that the classificatory practice, as the psychological and psychiatrical diagnoses, does not only interact with the ones classified, but also reverberate the limitations of the work of its own classifier agents.

Loucura e razão: produzindo classes interativas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrea Cristina Scisleski

2008-01-01

Full Text Available The article proposes a discussion of some present configurations of madness, reviewing, in the first moment, the ideas of Ian Hacking, in order to think this existence mode as an operative effect of a matrix that constitutes social interactive classification and categories. In a second moment, the discussion incorporates Michel Foucault's problematizations, especially those presented in his classical book, The history of madness in the Classical Age, aiming to think the displacements in the matrix that makes the idea of madness. Foucault's work does not display a linearity of speeches about madness, but otherwise shows discontinuities that conform and legitimate existence's forms, that are classified as suitable or not, depending on the truth regime. The authors discuss critically the madness classification practices and referentials, searching for possibilities to promote less rigid and deterministic insertions. We emphasize that the classificatory practice, as the psychological and psychiatrical diagnoses, does not only interact with the ones classified, but also reverberate the limitations of the work of its own classifier agents.

Transversus Abdominis Plane Versus Ilioinguinal and Iliohypogastric Nerve Blocks for Analgesia Following Open Inguinal Herniorrhaphy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anatoli Stav

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Objectives We hypothesized that preoperative (pre-op ultrasound (US-guided posterior transversus abdominis plane block (TAP and US-guided ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve block (ILI+IHG will produce a comparable analgesia after Lichtenstein patch tension-free method of open inguinal hernia repair in adult men. The genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve will be blocked separately. Methods This is a prospective, randomized, controlled, and observer-blinded clinical study. A total of 166 adult men were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a pre-op TAP group, a pre-op ILI+IHG group, and a control group. An intraoperative block of the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve was performed in all patients in all three groups, followed by postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with morphine. The pain intensity and morphine consumption immediately after surgery and during the 24 hours after surgery were compared between the groups. Results A total of 149 patients completed the study protocol. The intensity of pain immediately after surgery and morphine consumption were similar in the two “block” groups; however, they were significantly decreased compared with the control group. During the 24 hours after surgery, morphine consumption in the ILI+IHG group decreased compared with the TAP group, as well as in each “block” group versus the control group. Twenty-four hours after surgery, all evaluated parameters were similar. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided ILI+IHG provided better pain control than US-guided posterior TAP following the Lichtenstein patch tension-free method of open inguinal hernia repair in men during 24 hours after surgery. (ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT01429480.

Kadın Çalışanların Yöneticilere İlişkin Algıları: Bir Alan Çalışması

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

İsmail BAKAN

2013-09-01

Full Text Available İşletmelerde yönetim kademesinde yer alan kişilerin ne tür bir liderlik tarzına sahip oldukları çalışanların davranışları ve işletmeye ilişkin tutumları üzerinde önemli etkiye sahiptir. Bu nedenle işletmelerdeki yöneticilerin liderlik tarzlarının çalışanlar açısından nasıl algılandığının tespit edilerek ortaya konulması yöneticiler tarafından başarılı bir yönetim sergilenmesinde yol gösterici olacaktır. Literatürde liderlik tarzlarına ilişkin çeşitli ayrımlar bulunmakta olup bu çalışmada öncelikle liderlik kavramı ve liderlik tarzlarına ilişkin genel bilgiler verilerek, daha sonra otokratik, demokratik ve serbest bırakıcı liderlik tarzları açıklanacaktır. Çalışmanın ikinci bölümünde ise Kahramanmaraş’ta lokomotif sektör olarak görülen tekstil sektöründe, kadın çalışanların çalıştıkları işletmelerde bulunan yöneticilerin, liderlik tarzlarına ilişkin algılarını ölçmek amacıyla yapılan bir alan araştırmasına yer verilecektir.

Outbreak of H3N2 influenza at a US military base in Djibouti during the H1N1 pandemic of 2009.

Science.gov (United States)

Cosby, Michael T; Pimentel, Guillermo; Nevin, Remington L; Fouad Ahmed, Salwa; Klena, John D; Amir, Ehab; Younan, Mary; Browning, Robert; Sebeny, Peter J

2013-01-01

Influenza pandemics have significant operational impact on deployed military personnel working in areas throughout the world. The US Department of Defense global influenza-like illness (ILI) surveillance network serves an important role in establishing baseline trends and can be leveraged to respond to outbreaks of respiratory illness. We identified and characterized an operationally unique outbreak of H3N2 influenza at Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti occurring simultaneously with the H1N1 pandemic of 2009 [A(H1N1)pdm09]. Enhanced surveillance for ILI was conducted at Camp Lemonnier in response to local reports of a possible outbreak during the A(H1N1)pdm09 pandemic. Samples were collected from consenting patients presenting with ILI (utilizing a modified case definition) and who completed a case report form. Samples were cultured and analyzed using standard real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (rt-RT-PCR) methodology and sequenced genetic material was phylogenetically compared to other published strains. rt-RT-PCR and DNA sequencing revealed that 25 (78%) of the 32 clinical samples collected were seasonal H3N2 and only 2 (6%) were A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza. The highest incidence of H3N2 occurred during the month of May and 80% of these were active duty military personnel. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that sequenced H3N2 strains were genetically similar to 2009 strains from the United States of America, Australia, and South east Asia. This outbreak highlights challenges in the investigation of influenza among deployed military populations and corroborates the public health importance of maintaining surveillance systems for ILI that can be enhanced locally when needed.

TEDARİK ZİNCİRİ YÖNETİMİNDE GÜÇ İLİŞKİSİNİN STRATEJİK BOYUTU VE TEDARİKÇİ TATMİNİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hande AKGÜNLÜ

2015-09-01

Full Text Available ÖzetAlıcı-tedarikçi ilişkilerinde tedarikçi tatmini üzerine yapılan çalışma, kavramsal bir çalışmadır. Buçalışmadaki amaçlardan biri; bilimsel olarak tedarik zinciri gücünün tedarikçi tatmini üzerindeki etkisiniölçmektir. Tedarikçi tatminindeki faktörler üzerinde gücün etkilerini araştırmak, tedarik zinciri ilişkilerindekigü.-tatmin bağlantısını anlamada kilit bir rol üstlenmektedir. Bu çalışma alıcı-tedarikçi ilişkisinintedarikçi tatminini nasıl etkilediğini göstermektedir. Çalışmada ü. amaç sözkonusudur; farklı gü. unsurlarınınsatış yapan firmalarda tatmini nasıl etkilediğini kanıtlamak, gücü düzenleyen ilişkilerin tedarikçitatminini nasıl etkilediğini araştırmak ve gü. etkilerinin otomobil sekt.ründeki tedarikçi tatmininde nasıletkili olduğunu ölçmek. Modelde; performans ve tatminin sürekli olarak anlamsız çıkmasına rağmen,belirgin pozitif etkiye sahip olmak hem performans hem de tatmin üzerinde gü.-etkilenen alıcı-tedarikçiilişkisi bulunmuştur.

Türkiye Ekonomisinde Milli Gelir ve Ücretler Arasındaki İlişki

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Güller ŞAHİN

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Yapılan çalışmanın amacı; Türkiye ekonomisinde 2002Q1-2015Q4 örneklem dönemi içerisinde milli gelir ile ücretler arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Amaç doğrultusunda 56 gözleme ait zaman serisi arasındaki ilişki uzun dönemde Engle-Granger ve Johansen eşbütünleşme testleri, kısa dönemde Hata Düzeltme Modeli kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Milli gelir ve ücretler arasındaki uzun dönemi yansıtan ilişki için eşbütünleşme testlerinden elde edilen bulgular, değişkenler arasında bir tane eşbütünleşme denkleminin kurulmasına izin vermiştir. Uzun dönemli ilişkide, değişkenlerin birlikte hareket etme eğiliminde olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Ardından eşbütünleşme derecesinin ne olduğunun ve ne kadar hızla gerçekleştiğinin belirlenmesine yönelik Hata Düzeltme Modeli kurulmuştur. Elde edilen -0.391 hata terimleri katsayısı, kısa dönemli dengesizliklerdeki 1 birim sapmanın yaklaşık %4’ünün bir sonraki dönemde düzeldiğini ifade etmiştir.

A designated centre for people with disabilities operated by Nua Healthcare Services, Laois

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Brabazon, E D

2010-01-01

The use of routinely available electronic sources of healthcare data on the spread of influenza has the potential to enhance current surveillance activities. This study aimed to develop a method for identifying influenza-related records from general practitioner(GP) out-of-hours (OOH) services in Ireland. Data from one such service were interrogated for keywords relating to influenza-like illness (ILI) and a proxy measure of influenza activity in the community setting was developed. Comparison of this syndromic surveillance measure with national data on ILI consultation rates demonstrated a statistically significant temporal correlation.In five out of six influenza seasons investigated,peaks in the GP OOH influenza-related calls appeared at least one week ahead of peaks in the national ILI consultation rates. The method described in this paper has been extended to nine OOH services in Ireland (covering 70% of the Irish population) to provide weekly figures on self-reported illness for influenza in the community and its data have been incorporated into the national weekly influenza reports produced by the Health Protection Surveillance Centre. These data should provide early warnings of both seasonal and pandemic influenza in Ireland.

Bayesian inferences of generation and growth of corrosion defects on energy pipelines based on imperfect inspection data

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Qin, H.; Zhou, W.; Zhang, S.

2015-01-01

Stochastic process-based models are developed to characterize the generation and growth of metal-loss corrosion defects on oil and gas steel pipelines. The generation of corrosion defects over time is characterized by the non-homogenous Poisson process, and the growth of depths of individual defects is modeled by the non-homogenous gamma process (NHGP). The defect generation and growth models are formulated in a hierarchical Bayesian framework, whereby the parameters of the models are evaluated from the in-line inspection (ILI) data through the Bayesian updating by accounting for the probability of detection (POD) and measurement errors associated with the ILI data. The Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation in conjunction with the data augmentation (DA) technique is employed to carry out the Bayesian updating. Numerical examples that involve simulated ILI data are used to illustrate and validate the proposed methodology. - Highlights: • Bayesian updating of growth and generation models of defects on energy pipelines. • Non-homogeneous Poisson process for defect generation. • Non-homogeneous gamma process for defect growth. • Updating based on inspection data with detecting and sizing uncertainties. • MCMC in conjunction with data augmentation technique employed for the updating.

Sacre Coeur Nursing Home, Station Road, Tipperary Town, Tipperary

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Brabazon, E D

2010-01-01

The use of routinely available electronic sources of healthcare data on the spread of influenza has the potential to enhance current surveillance activities. This study aimed to develop a method for identifying influenza-related records from general practitioner(GP) out-of-hours (OOH) services in Ireland. Data from one such service were interrogated for keywords relating to influenza-like illness (ILI) and a proxy measure of influenza activity in the community setting was developed. Comparison of this syndromic surveillance measure with national data on ILI consultation rates demonstrated a statistically significant temporal correlation.In five out of six influenza seasons investigated,peaks in the GP OOH influenza-related calls appeared at least one week ahead of peaks in the national ILI consultation rates. The method described in this paper has been extended to nine OOH services in Ireland (covering 70% of the Irish population) to provide weekly figures on self-reported illness for influenza in the community and its data have been incorporated into the national weekly influenza reports produced by the Health Protection Surveillance Centre. These data should provide early warnings of both seasonal and pandemic influenza in Ireland.

General practice out-of-hours service in Ireland provides a new source of syndromic surveillance data on influenza.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Brabazon, E D

2010-01-01

The use of routinely available electronic sources of healthcare data on the spread of influenza has the potential to enhance current surveillance activities. This study aimed to develop a method for identifying influenza-related records from general practitioner(GP) out-of-hours (OOH) services in Ireland. Data from one such service were interrogated for keywords relating to influenza-like illness (ILI) and a proxy measure of influenza activity in the community setting was developed. Comparison of this syndromic surveillance measure with national data on ILI consultation rates demonstrated a statistically significant temporal correlation.In five out of six influenza seasons investigated,peaks in the GP OOH influenza-related calls appeared at least one week ahead of peaks in the national ILI consultation rates. The method described in this paper has been extended to nine OOH services in Ireland (covering 70% of the Irish population) to provide weekly figures on self-reported illness for influenza in the community and its data have been incorporated into the national weekly influenza reports produced by the Health Protection Surveillance Centre. These data should provide early warnings of both seasonal and pandemic influenza in Ireland.

MESLEKÎ VE ÖRGÜTSEL BAĞLILIĞIN, ÖRGÜTSEL DAVRANIŞA İLİŞKİN SONUÇLARLA İLİŞKİLERİ

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ŞİMŞEK, M. Şerif; ASLAN, Şebnem

2012-01-01

Çalışmanın amacı, meslekî bağlığın üç öğesiyle, örgütsel bağlılığın üç öğesi arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektir. Araştırmanın bir diğer amacı, meslekî bağlılığın ve örgütsel bağlılığın üç öğesinin, temel iş özellikleri, rol stresi, meslekî faaliyete katılım, iş doyumu, örgütsel sonuçlar ve yaşam doyumuyla ilişkilerini araştırmaktır. Çalışmanın kapsamını Konya ilindeki 272 hemşire oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, meslekî bağlılık örgütsel bağlılıkla ilişkili bulunmuştur. Meslekî ve örg...

Viral aetiology influenza like illnesses in Santa Cruz, Bolivia (2010-2012).

Science.gov (United States)

Delangue, Julie; Roca Sanchez, Yelin; Piorkowski, Géraldine; Bessaud, Maël; Baronti, Cécile; Thirion-Perrier, Laurence; Mafayle, Roxana Loayza; Ardaya, Cinthia Avila; Aguilera, Gabriela Añez; Guzman, Jimmy Revollo; Riera, Javier Lora; de Lamballerie, Xavier

2014-02-24

Acute respiratory infections represent a serious public health issue worldwide but virological aetiologies of Influenza Like Illnesses (ILIs) remain largely unknown in developing countries. This study represents the first attempt to characterise viral aetiologies of ILIs in Bolivia. It was performed in Santa Cruz city from January 2010 to September 2012, based on 564 naso-pharyngeal swabs collected in a National Reference Laboratory and real-time PCR techniques, viral cultures and phylogenetic analyses. 50.2% of samples were positive for at least one virus with influenza viruses (Flu A: ~15%; Flu B: ~9%), rhinoviruses (~8%), coronaviruses (~5%) and hRSV (~4%) being the most frequently identified. The pattern of viral infections varied according to age groups. The elucidation rate was the highest (>60%) amongst patients under 10 yo and the lowest (Bolivia in the study period, originating from Central and North America, Europe, Asia and Australia. Our results emphasise the requirement for a reinforced epidemiological and genetic follow-up of influenza and other ILIs in Bolivia to further inform the preparation of vaccines used in the region, guide vaccination campaigns and improve the medical management of patients.

Viral aetiology influenza like illnesses in Santa Cruz, Bolivia (2010–2012)

Science.gov (United States)

2014-01-01

Background Acute respiratory infections represent a serious public health issue worldwide but virological aetiologies of Influenza Like Illnesses (ILIs) remain largely unknown in developing countries. This study represents the first attempt to characterise viral aetiologies of ILIs in Bolivia. Methods It was performed in Santa Cruz city from January 2010 to September 2012, based on 564 naso-pharyngeal swabs collected in a National Reference Laboratory and real-time PCR techniques, viral cultures and phylogenetic analyses. Results 50.2% of samples were positive for at least one virus with influenza viruses (Flu A: ~15%; Flu B: ~9%), rhinoviruses (~8%), coronaviruses (~5%) and hRSV (~4%) being the most frequently identified. The pattern of viral infections varied according to age groups. The elucidation rate was the highest (>60%) amongst patients under 10 yo and the lowest (Bolivia in the study period, originating from Central and North America, Europe, Asia and Australia. Conclusion Our results emphasise the requirement for a reinforced epidemiological and genetic follow-up of influenza and other ILIs in Bolivia to further inform the preparation of vaccines used in the region, guide vaccination campaigns and improve the medical management of patients. PMID:24564892

Facebook’ta Bulunma Amacı ve Facebook Reklamlarına Duyulan İlgi Arasındaki İlişki

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Ay, Arş. Grv. Ufuk

2014-01-01

Bu araştırmada Facebook’ta bulunma amaçları ile Facebook reklamlarına duyulan ilgi arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığı ölçülmüştür. Bu amaçla internet üzerinden 283 kişiye anket uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın bulguları Facebook’ta bulunma amaçları olarak tanımlanan “sosyal arama” ve “sosyal tarama” değişkenleriyle Facebook reklamlarına duyulan ilgi arasında anlamlı ilişkiler olduğunu destekler niteliktedir.

KÜRE DÜZLEMİNDEKİ OPERATÖR RIESZ POTENSİYEL iNTEGRALINI HESAPLAMADA (p, q'UN SINIRLlLlGI

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Mehmet Karakaş

2002-09-01

Full Text Available Kiire düzlemindeki Riesz potansiyel integralının lnsıni hesaplama işlemlerine ilişkin bir çol{ araştırınalar ortaya llt;oyulmuş ancak, hesaplama işlemlerind e oper atör (değişim durumu Jlek ele alı nmamıştır . Bu araştırmada, operatör Rie�'Z potansiyel i ntegralnun lusmi hesapı ama işlemlerinin yöntem ve araştırmaya ilişl un özell iider ortaya }{oyulmuştur.

Utjecaj imidža marke na odabir luksuznog kozmetičkog proizvoda

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Jurić, Monika

2018-01-01

Ponašanje potrošača je dinamička interakcija spoznaje i čimbenika okružja koji se reflektiraju na ponašanje i promjenu raznih aspekata života potrošača. Danas diljem svijeta postoje milijarde potrošača koji kupuju proizvode. Kozmetički proizvod je svaka tvar ili smjesa koja je namijenjena dodiru s vanjskim dijelovima tijela (koža, kosa, nokti) ili sa zubima i sluznicom usne šupljine isključivo radi njihova čišćenja, parfimiranja, zaštite i održavanja u dobrom stanju, mijenjanja njihova izgled...

Oglašavanje poduzeća putem mobilnih uređenja

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Cvitković, Verica

2018-01-01

Marketing je sveprisutan društveni i upravljački proces pomoću kojeg pojedinci ili skupine putem određenih faktora dobivaju ono što im je potrebno ili ono što žele. Sastoji od različitih metoda koje su se s vremenom mijenjale i napredovale, tradicionalne metode poput marketinga putem novina su potisnute te se u novije vrijeme marketing sve više okreće internetu. Svrha marketinga je da usmjeri gospodarski tijek dobara i usluga od proizvođača prema potrošaču, na način da učinkovito prilagodi po...

OGLAŠAVANJE PODUZEĆA PUTEM MOBILNIH UREĐAJA

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Cvitković, Verica

2017-01-01

Marketing je sveprisutan društveni i upravljački proces pomoću kojeg pojedinci ili skupine putem određenih faktora dobivaju ono što im je potrebno ili ono što žele. Sastoji od različitih metoda koje su se s vremenom mijenjale i napredovale, tradicionalne metode poput marketinga putem novina su potisnute te se u novije vrijeme marketing sve više okreće internetu. Svrha marketinga je da usmjeri gospodarski tijek dobara i usluga od proizvođača prema potrošaču, na način da učinkovito prilagodi po...

Sudar vozila u vlasništvu istog leasing društva i problem treće osobe iz AO osiguranja

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Radionov, Nikoleta; Padovan, Adriana Vincenca

2012-01-01

U radu se razmatraju pravni odnosi koji nastaju u slučaju sudara dvaju (ili više) vozila u vlasništvu istog leasing društva (slučaj leasing – leasing). Prema uvriježenoj praksi na domaćem tržištu osiguranja, u takvim slučajevima dolazi do isključenja iz osiguranja šteta na vozilu temeljem osiguranja automobilske odgovornosti (AO), s obzirom na to da su vozila u vlasništvu istog leasing društva koje je i jedini osiguranik po policama AO oba (ili više) vozila sudionika nezgode. Primatelj leasin...

MARKETING INFORMACIJA

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Mecanović, Ivan

1991-01-01

Informacija se sve više pojavljuje kao roba na tržištu. Bez obzira ima li ona status medijske vijesti, ili informacije, koja se dobiva iz informatičkog sistema, informacija se proizvodi; sortira, čuva i lansira, te na taj način postaje proizvod, koji ima svoju cijenu koštanja, kao i svoju prodajnu cijenu, svoje potrošače i svoje tržište. Zbog toga je potrebno stvarati i marketing informacija. No, informacija je specifična roba osobne potrošnje. Korištenjem, ili spoznajnošču informacije od poj...

Monitoramento da síndrome gripal em adultos nas capitais do Brasil e no Distrito Federal por meio de inquérito telefônico Influenza like illness monitoring in adults of the State Capitals and Federal District in Brazil by telephone survey

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Priscilleyne Ouverney Reis

2011-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Com o objetivo de estimar a prevalência da síndrome gripal em adultos das capitais e regiões do Brasil, realizou-se monitoramento da ocorrência de sinais e sintomas compatíveis por inquérito telefônico (VIGITEL em 2010. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal que contou com 47.876 entrevistas nas capitais dos estados brasileiros e no Distrito Federal, com amostragem probabilística da população >18 anos, residente em domicílios com linha fixa de telefone. Foram analisadas as questões referentes à síndrome gripal e influenza pandêmica (H1N1 2009, no período de 10 de janeiro a 30 de novembro de 2010. Os percentuais foram calculados para as regiões do país e para o Brasil e ponderados segundo a distribuição sociodemográfica da PNAD 2008. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de indivíduos, com algum sinal ou sintoma de gripe nos 30 dias anteriores à entrevista, foi de 31,2% (IC95% 30,2-32,2%. O relato de síndrome gripal foi mais frequente entre as mulheres, adultos jovens (18 a 29 anos e aquelas pessoas com 9 a 11 anos de estudo. A maior prevalência de sinais ou sintomas gripais ocorreu na região Norte. Verificou-se tendência crescente com posterior decréscimo em todas as regiões, exceto na Nordeste. A procura pelo serviço de saúde foi relatada por 26,8% (IC95% 25,1-28,5 das pessoas que adoeceram. A suspeita médica de influenza pandêmica (H1N1 2009 ocorreu em 2,6% (IC95% 1,8-3,4 dos entrevistados que relataram ter procurado o serviço de saúde. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados deste inquérito forneceram informações oportunas e úteis, as quais não foram captadas pelo sistema de vigilância tradicional, como a ocorrência de sinal ou sintoma gripal e a procura pelo serviço de saúde.OBJECTIVES: In order to estimate the prevalence of influenza like illness (ILI in adults from all state capitals and geographic regions in Brazil, a periodical monitoring of ILI cases by the national telephone survey (VIGITEL was carried out in 2010

Rapid detection of pandemic influenza in the presence of seasonal influenza

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Robertson Chris

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Key to the control of pandemic influenza are surveillance systems that raise alarms rapidly and sensitively. In addition, they must minimise false alarms during a normal influenza season. We develop a method that uses historical syndromic influenza data from the existing surveillance system 'SERVIS' (Scottish Enhanced Respiratory Virus Infection Surveillance for influenza-like illness (ILI in Scotland. Methods We develop an algorithm based on the weekly case ratio (WCR of reported ILI cases to generate an alarm for pandemic influenza. From the seasonal influenza data from 13 Scottish health boards, we estimate the joint probability distribution of the country-level WCR and the number of health boards showing synchronous increases in reported influenza cases over the previous week. Pandemic cases are sampled with various case reporting rates from simulated pandemic influenza infections and overlaid with seasonal SERVIS data from 2001 to 2007. Using this combined time series we test our method for speed of detection, sensitivity and specificity. Also, the 2008-09 SERVIS ILI cases are used for testing detection performances of the three methods with a real pandemic data. Results We compare our method, based on our simulation study, to the moving-average Cumulative Sums (Mov-Avg Cusum and ILI rate threshold methods and find it to be more sensitive and rapid. For 1% case reporting and detection specificity of 95%, our method is 100% sensitive and has median detection time (MDT of 4 weeks while the Mov-Avg Cusum and ILI rate threshold methods are, respectively, 97% and 100% sensitive with MDT of 5 weeks. At 99% specificity, our method remains 100% sensitive with MDT of 5 weeks. Although the threshold method maintains its sensitivity of 100% with MDT of 5 weeks, sensitivity of Mov-Avg Cusum declines to 92% with increased MDT of 6 weeks. For a two-fold decrease in the case reporting rate (0.5% and 99% specificity, the WCR and

Zihinsel Yetersizliği Olan Öğrencilerin İşlevsel Akademik Becerilerine İlişkin Türkiye’de Yapılan Lisansüstü Tezlerin Gözden Geçirilmesi

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Hakan Özak

2010-01-01

Full Text Available İşlevsel akademik beceriler bireyin toplumda bağımsız bir birey olarak yaşayabilmesi ve çalışabilmesi için gerekli olan becerilerdir. Türkiye’de zihinsel yetersizliği olan öğrencilerle yapılan lisansüstü tez çalışmaları incelendiğinde, işlevsel akademik becerilere ilişkin tez çalışmalarının yürütüldüğü görülmekte; ancak, bu tezlerin ayrıntılı olarak incelendiği bir çalışmaya rastlanılmamıştır. Bu gereksinimden yola çıkarak, bu çalışmada zihinsel yetersizliği olan öğrencilerin işlevsel akademik becerilerine ilişkin Türkiye’de gerçekleştirilen lisansüstü tezler incelenmiştir. Türkiye’de zihinsel yetersizliği olan öğrencilerin işlevsel akademik becerilerine ilişkin 29 lisansüstü teze ulaşılmıştır. Ulaşılan tezlerin 17 tanesi okuma-yazma becerileri (14 yüksek lisans, 3 doktora ve 12 tanesi de (9 yüksek lisans, 3 doktora matematik becerilerini konu almaktadır. Tezler, öğretim yapılan akademik becerilerin alanı, deneklerin özellikleri, yönteme ilişkin özellikler, modele ilişkin özellikler, bulgulara ilişkin özellikler olmak üzere incelenmiş, bulgular ileriye dönük öneriler ışığında tartışılmıştır. Functional academic skills are the ones that an individual needs to have and show in order to live independently in society. While checking master thesis and doctoral dissertations carried out with individuals with intellectual disabilities in Turkey, it was found that there have been master thesis and doctoral dissertations on functional academic skills of students with intellectual disabilities in Turkey. However, it was also recognized that there is no study reviewing these studies. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to review master thesis and doctoral dissertations on functional academic skills of students with intellectual disabilities in Turkey. It was found that out of 29 studies conducted in Turkey, 17 are on reading

De la razón al juego: la teoría del conocimiento de la enfermedad en Karl Jaspers y su reconsideración desde la epistemología actual

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González de Pablo, Ángel

2002-06-01

Full Text Available Starting with the idea of the Encompassing as a system of thinking, I have tried to describe a possible Jaspersian theory of the knowledge of illness. This theory is based on the following points: 1 The existence of two methods of knowledge of the sick person: the direct or objective (based on causality, non-contradiction, and the accuracy of language; and the indirect or unobjective (based on acausality, antinomy, and the polysemy of language. 2 The establishment of a non-syncretic articulation between the two through Reason (Vernunft. And 3 The consideration of the whole of the illness as a veiled reality, as a reality which is announced alternately in the two conected but not superimposed ways of knowing, although such a reality can never be enunciated in the form of a methodically fixed doctrine. The various points of this theory are reconsidered, in addition, from the point of view of certain concepts belonging to current epistemology, so as to evaluate the degree of presence of Jaspersian thought at the end of the 20th century.

A partir de la idea del Envolvente en tanto sistemática del pensamiento, se intenta caracterizar una posible teoría jaspersiana del conocimiento de la enfermedad. Dicha teoría gira en torno a los siguientes puntos: 1 La existencia de dos modos de conocimiento del enfermar: el directo u objetivo (basado en la causalidad, la no contradicción y la univocidad del lenguaje; y el indirecto o inobjetivo (basado en la acausalidad, la antinomia y la polisemia del lenguaje. 2 El establecimiento de una articulación no sincrética entre ambos por intermedio de la Razón. y 3 La consideración del todo de la enfermedad como realidad velada, como realidad que se anuncia alternativamente en esos dos modos articulados y no superponibles de conocimiento, pero que —en su totalidad— no puede enunciarse objetivamente. Los distintos puntos de esta teoría se reconsideran, además, desde ciertas nociones de la actual

Mersin-Kadıncık Havzası’ndaki Sedir (Cedrus libani A. Rich. ve Karaçam (Pinus nigra Arnold. ağaçlandırmalarının boy gelişimi ile bazı yetişme ortamı özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler

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Dr. Sevda POLAT

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Mersin Orman Başmüdürlüğü Toprak Muhafaza ve Mera Islâhı Tatbikat Grup Müdürlüğü’nce hazırlanan Kadıncık Su Toplama Havzası Ön Etüt Raporu ve Tatbikat Raporu (OGM, 1968 uyarınca Kuzboğazı Dere Havzası ağaçlandırmıştır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin en eski, Mersin ilinin ilk ağaçlandırmalarından biridir. Havzada sedir ve karaçam türlerinin farklı yükselti/iklim kuşağı, bakı, anakaya ve farklı meşcere kuruluşlarındaki boy gelişmeleri değerlendirilerek yetişme ortamı özellikleri ile ilişkileri araştırılmıştır. Kuzboğazı Dere Havzası’nda sedir ve karaçamların üst boyu ile bakı, toprakların bir m³ hacimdeki değerlerinden kum miktarı, ince toprak miktarı, iskelet hacmi, organik karbon ve tüm azot miktarları arasında önemli ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Havzada güney bakı grubundaki sedir ve karaçamların üst boyları kuzey bakı grubundaki sedir ve karaçamlara göre daha fazladır. Kuzboğazı Dere Havzası’nda 38 yaşındaki meşcerelerde sedirin ulaştığı en yüksek üst boy; orta sedir kuşağında, dolomitik kireç taşlarından oluşmuş topraklarda, güney bakı grubundaki karaçam ile karışık meşcerede 15,10 m’dir. Karaçamda ise; orta sedir kuşağında, kalkşist anakayasından oluşmuş topraklarda, güney bakı grubunda ve sedir ile karışık meşcerede 14,45 m’dir. Kuzboğazı Dere Havzası ağaçlandırmasında 38. yılın sonunda ortalama hacim 197,11 m³/ha olarak hesaplanmıştır. Yıllık hacim artımı 5,19 m³/ha’dır. Araştırmaya göre; Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi’nde deniz etkisine açık, 1500-2000 m yükseltide, eğimin > % 40 olduğu, dolomitik kireç taşı ve kalkşist anakayalarından oluşmuş topraklarda yapılacak ağaçlandırma çalışmalarında, kuzey bakılarda karaçam, güney bakılarda sedirin tercih edilmesi önerilmektedir.

Sexual ratio and floral biology of the dioecious Neea theifera Oerst. (Nyctaginaceae in a cerrado rupestre of central Brazil Razão sexual e biologia floral de Neea theifera Oerst. (Nyctaginaceae, uma espécie dióica na vegetação de um cerrado rupestre no Brasil Central

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Felipe Wanderley Amorim

2011-12-01

íduos masculinos e femininos. Este sistema evoluiu muitas vezes entre as Angiospermas e está amplamente distribuído entre as distintas famílias. É visto como uma estratégia reprodutiva para reduzir a endogamia e otimizar a alocação diferencial de recursos entre as funções sexuais masculinas e femininas. Neea theifera é uma espécie comum no Cerrado, área de Savana Neotropical no Brasil, mas informações acerca de sua biologia reprodutiva são incompletas. Para investigar se as condições ambientais afetam espécies dióicas, foi estudada sua biologia floral, a razão sexual e distribuição espacial dos morfos ao longo de um gradiente de solo-altitude. A razão sexual da população não diferiu da razão esperada de 1:1. Porém, a abundância de flores estaminadas na população foi significativamente maior. Os indivíduos femininos foram maiores que os masculinos e o tamanho das plantas correlacionou-se negativamente com a altitude, apesar de não diferirem entre os morfos sexuais. A população não apresentou segregação espacial dos morfos sexuais e os indivíduos masculinos apresentam maturação sexual precoce em relação aos femininos. Flores estaminadas foram maiores que as pistiladas, além de apresentarem alta viabilidade polínica. Abelhas Meliponini, pequenas moscas e tripes foram os potenciais polinizadores, entretanto o sucesso de polinização foi muito baixo. A dioicia em N. theifera corrobora muitas características gerais desta estratégia reprodutiva, como hábito lenhoso, flores inconspícuas, polinização por pequenos insetos generalistas e alocação diferencial de recursos entre indivíduos masculinos e femininos. Porém, a reprodução nesta espécie é aparentemente afetada por limitação de polinizadores. Os resultados mostram que o gradiente de solo-altitude influencia o padrão de crescimento da espécie e pode ter um importante papel na biologia reprodutiva da planta, mas não afeta diretamente a dioicia.

Duygusal Zeka Din Öğretimi; Din Kültürü ve Ahlak Bilgisi Dersi ve Duygusal Zeka Gelişim İlişkisi

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Remziye Ege

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Duygusal zeka, bireyin, kendi duygularını anlaması, başkalarıın duygularına empati  beslemesi, duygu yönetimi, motivasyon ve duygularını yaşamı zenginleştirecek biçimde düzenleyebilme yetisi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Din öğretimi yoluyla duygusal zeka becerilerinin ve yerisinin elde edileceği ve geliştirileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu makalede İlköğretim Din Kültürü ve Ahlak Bilgisi Dersinin muhtevasından hareketle duygusal zeka gelişimi ile din öğretimi arasındaki paralel ilişkiye dikkat çekmek hedeflenmiştir. Söz konusu ilişki, din öğretiminin inanç, ibadet, dua, ahlak öğretim alanlarındaki konulardan örnekler üzerinde belirtilmiştir. Duygusal zeka, bireyin, kendi duygularını anlaması, başkalannın duygulanna empati beslemesi, duygu yönetimi, motivasyon ve duygularını yaşamı zenginleştirecek biçimde düzenleyebilme yetisi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Din öğretimi yoluyla duygusal zeka becerilerinin ve yerisinin elde edileceği ve geliştirileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu makalede İlköğretim Din Kültürü ve Ahlak Bilgisi Dersinin muhtevasından hareketle duygusal zeka gelişimi ile din öğretimi arasındaki paralel ilişkiye dikkat çekmek hedeflenmiştir. Söz konusu ilişki, din öğretiminin inanç, ibadet, dua, ahlak öğretim alanlarındaki konulardan örnekler üzerinde belirtilmiştir

Effects of seasonal and pandemic influenza on health-related quality of life, work and school absence in England: Results from the Flu Watch cohort study.

Science.gov (United States)

Fragaszy, Ellen B; Warren-Gash, Charlotte; White, Peter J; Zambon, Maria; Edmunds, William J; Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan S; Hayward, Andrew C

2018-01-01

Estimates of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and work/school absences for influenza are typically based on medically attended cases or those meeting influenza-like-illness (ILI) case definitions and thus biased towards severe disease. Although community influenza cases are more common, estimates of their effects on HRQoL and absences are limited. To measure quality-adjusted life days and years (QALDs and QALYs) lost and work/school absences among community cases of acute respiratory infections (ARI), ILI and influenza A and B and to estimate community burden of QALY loss and absences from influenza. Flu Watch was a community cohort in England from 2006 to 2011. Participants were followed up weekly. During respiratory illness, they prospectively recorded daily symptoms, work/school absences and EQ-5D-3L data and submitted nasal swabs for RT-PCR influenza testing. Average QALD lost was 0.26, 0.93, 1.61 and 1.84 for ARI, ILI, H1N1pdm09 and influenza B cases, respectively. 40% of influenza A cases and 24% of influenza B cases took time off work/school with an average duration of 3.6 and 2.4 days, respectively. In England, community influenza cases lost 24 300 QALYs in 2010/11 and had an estimated 2.9 million absences per season based on data from 2006/07 to 2009/10. Our QALDs and QALYs lost and work and school absence estimates are lower than previous estimates because we focus on community cases, most of which are mild, may not meet ILI definitions and do not result in healthcare consultations. Nevertheless, they contribute a substantial loss of HRQoL on a population level. © 2017 The Authors. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

TOPLUM VE SİYASET İLİŞKİSİ BAĞLAMINDA AZERBAYCAN SİNEMA TARİHİ - THE HISTORY OF THE AZERBAIJAN MOVIES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIETY AND POLITICS

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Ali Murat KIRIK

2014-03-01

Full Text Available ÖzetÇağımızda sinema 7.sanat olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Görsel bir sanat dalı olan sinema gerçeğin aynası durumundadır. Bununla birlikte sinema, toplum ve siyaset ile sürekli bir ilişki içerisindedir. Azerbaycan sinemasında bu ilişki derinden hissedilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Azerbaycan Sineması 3 dönem altında incelenmektedir. Propaganda ve siyaset her dönem Azerbaycan Sineması’nda var olmuştur. Günümüzde ise milliyetçiliği ön plana çıkaran filmler üretilmektedir. Çalışmada Azerbaycan Sineması’nın geldiği nokta tespit edilmeye çalışılmış, toplum-siyaset-sinema ilişkisi irdelenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda Azerbaycan Sineması’nın gelişimine yönelik farklı çıkarımlarda bulunulmuştur.AbstractIn our age, cinema is called 7th art. A visual art which is called cinema is the mirror of reality. However, the cinema is in a steady relationship with society and politics. This relationship is deeply felt in Azerbaijan Movies. Azerbaijan Movies are examined in three periods. These are the period of pre-Soviet, Soviet and post-Soviet Azerbaijan Cinema. Each period, propaganda and politics have been around for Azerbaijan Cinema. Today, nationalism is highlighted in Azerbaijan Cinema. In this study, Azerbaijan Movies coming point is tried to identify and the relationship between society, cinema and politics are examined. As a result of the study, different recommendations presented for Azerbaijan Cinema.

Outbreak of H3N2 influenza at a US military base in Djibouti during the H1N1 pandemic of 2009.

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Michael T Cosby

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Influenza pandemics have significant operational impact on deployed military personnel working in areas throughout the world. The US Department of Defense global influenza-like illness (ILI surveillance network serves an important role in establishing baseline trends and can be leveraged to respond to outbreaks of respiratory illness. OBJECTIVE: We identified and characterized an operationally unique outbreak of H3N2 influenza at Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti occurring simultaneously with the H1N1 pandemic of 2009 [A(H1N1pdm09]. METHODS: Enhanced surveillance for ILI was conducted at Camp Lemonnier in response to local reports of a possible outbreak during the A(H1N1pdm09 pandemic. Samples were collected from consenting patients presenting with ILI (utilizing a modified case definition and who completed a case report form. Samples were cultured and analyzed using standard real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (rt-RT-PCR methodology and sequenced genetic material was phylogenetically compared to other published strains. RESULTS: rt-RT-PCR and DNA sequencing revealed that 25 (78% of the 32 clinical samples collected were seasonal H3N2 and only 2 (6% were A(H1N1pdm09 influenza. The highest incidence of H3N2 occurred during the month of May and 80% of these were active duty military personnel. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that sequenced H3N2 strains were genetically similar to 2009 strains from the United States of America, Australia, and South east Asia. CONCLUSIONS: This outbreak highlights challenges in the investigation of influenza among deployed military populations and corroborates the public health importance of maintaining surveillance systems for ILI that can be enhanced locally when needed.

Kötü Niyetli Yönetim Algılamasının Çalışanların Performansları Üzerindeki Etkisinde Duygusal Zekânın Rolü

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Mahmut ÖZDEVECİOĞLU

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Çalışanların kötü niyetli yönetim algılamalarının onların performansları üzerindeki etkisini ve bu etkide duygusal zekâlarının rolünü ele alan bu çalışma Kırşehir’de 353 kamu memuru ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada performans, bağlamsal ve görev olmak üzere iki boyutta ele alınmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda duygusal zekânın, kötü niyetli yönetim algılamasının çalışanların performansları üzerindeki olumsuz etkisini azalttığı veya tamamen ortadan kaldırdığı belirlenmiştir. Bu temel sonuçla birlikte, duygusal zekânın bağlamsal ve görev performansı ile pozitif yönlü ilişkiye sahip olduğu, kötü niyetli yönetim algılaması ile bağlamsal ve görev performansı arasında negatif yönlü ilişki olduğu ve iki performans arasında anlamlı pozitif yönlü bir ilişki bulunduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmada ulaşılan bir diğer önemli sonuç ise, duygusal zekâ ile kötü niyetli yönetim algılaması arasındaki negatif yönlü ilişkidir.

Impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus on the Burden and Severity of Influenza Illness in Malawian Adults: A Prospective Cohort and Parallel Case-Control Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Ho, Antonia; Aston, Stephen J; Jary, Hannah; Mitchell, Tamara; Alaerts, Maaike; Menyere, Mavis; Mallewa, Jane; Nyirenda, Mulinda; Everett, Dean; Heyderman, Robert S; French, Neil

2018-03-05

The impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on influenza incidence and severity in adults in sub-Saharan Africa is unclear. Seasonal influenza vaccination is recommended for HIV-infected persons in developed settings but is rarely implemented in Africa. We conducted a prospective cohort study to compare the incidence of laboratory-confirmed influenza illness between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected adults in Blantyre, Malawi. In a parallel case-control study, we explored risk factors for severe influenza presentation of severe (hospitalized) lower respiratory tract infection, and mild influenza (influenza-like illness [ILI]). The cohort study enrolled 608 adults, of whom 360 (59%) were HIV infected. Between April 2013 and March 2015, 24 of 229 ILI episodes (10.5%) in HIV-infected and 5 of 119 (4.2%) in HIV-uninfected adults were positive for influenza by means of polymerase chain reaction (incidence rate, 46.0 vs 14.5 per 1000 person-years; incidence rate ratio, 2.75; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-7.44; P = .03; adjusted for age, sex, household crowding, and food security). In the case-control study, influenza was identified in 56 of 518 patients (10.8%) with hospitalized lower respiratory tract infection, and 88 or 642 (13.7%) with ILI. The HIV prevalence was 69.6% and 29.6%, respectively, among influenza-positive case patients and controls. HIV was a significant risk factor for severe influenza (odds ratio, 4.98; 95% confidence interval, 2.09-11.88; P factor for influenza-associated ILI and severe presentation in this high-HIV prevalence African setting. Targeted influenza vaccination of HIV-infected African adults should be reevaluated, and the optimal mechanism for vaccine introduction in overstretched health systems needs to be determined. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Mersin ilinde görev yapan hekimlerin meslek örgütüyle ilişkileri ve beklentileri

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Ahmet Öner Kurt

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Amaç: Bu çalışmada; Mersin İlinde görev yapan hekimlerin meslek örgütü olan tabip odası ile ilişkilerinin boyutu ve odadan beklentilerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki bu çalışmada Mersin İlinde görev yapan toplam 1875 hekim evren olarak kabul edildi, örnek olarak 550 hekimin çalışmaya alınması hedeflendi. Çalışmaya alınacak hekimler; görev yeri, kurum, unvan ve cinsiyet oranına göre ağırlıklandırılarak tabakalı sistematik örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlendi. Veriler Kasım-Aralık 2009 tarihlerinde anket formu kullanılarak toplandı. Verilerin özetlenmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve değişkenlerin karşılaştırılmasında Ki-kare testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Hekimlerin %69.1’i erkek, %82.5’i evli, %80.9’u kamu sağlık kurumlarında çalışıyor, %37.6’sı pratisyen hekim olarak görev yapıyordu. Hekimlerin ortalama görev süresi 17.4±9.6 (1–52 yıldı. Hekimlerin %77.1’i tabip odasına üye, %31.5’i son bir yılda tabip odası çalışmalarına katılmış ve %26.7’si bugünden sonraki süreçte tabip odası çalışmalarında görev almak istiyordu. Erkek, evli, özel sektörde çalışan, uzman olan, görev süresi 30 yıldan fazla olan ve çalışma koşullarının iyileştirilmesini bekleyen hekimlerin diğer gruplara göre tabip odasına daha fazla üye oldukları saptandı. Son bir yılda araştırma görevlileri tabip odası çalışmalarına daha az katılmıştı. Hekimlerin tabip odasından ilk sıradaki beklentisi; çalışma koşullarının iyileştirilmesiydi. Sonuç: Mersin’de dört hekimden birisinin tabip odasına üye olmaması, üçte ikisinin oda çalışmalarına katılmaması ve bugünden sonra da katılmayı düşünmemesi, hekimlerin örgütlü yaşamın gereklerini yeterince yerine getirmediğini ve meslek örgütlerine çok fazla sahip çıkmadığını düşündürmektedir. Tabip odaları üyelerinin odaya yakla

Hâkim Tasarım ve Ekşi Sözlük: İnternet’in Dönüşümünü Anlamak

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Babacan Taşdemir

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Son yıllarda bir yanda devletler, diğer yanda sermaye kuruluşları, siyasi, idari ve ticari amaçları ile İnternet ortamını gittikçe daha fazla kolonileştirmektedirler. Bu da siyasi ve ticari baskılardan azade bir özgürlük alanı olarak görülen İnternet’e ilişkin toplumsal beklentilere zıt bir durum ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Çalışmamız, İnternet’teki bu dönüşümü üretim gücü ve üretim ilişkileri kavramları üzerinden eleştirel bir gözle değerlendirmeyi önermektedir. Dönüşüm, ‘Teknolojik Değişimin Döngüsel Modeli’ndeki ‘mayalanma dönemi’ ve ‘hâkim tasarım’ kavramlarının sunduğu potansiyelden faydalanılarak açıklanmaya çalışılmaktadır.  Burada ‘mayalanma dönemi’ ile İnternette ifade özgürlüğü açısından daha uygun olan ilk dönemlere, ‘hâkim tasarım’ ile ise yerleşik üretim ve iktidar ilişkilerinin daha fazla nüfuz ettiği yakın döneme gönderme yapılmaktadır. Ekşi Sözlük örneği ile de savlarını destekleyen çalışmamız, üç kategori üzerinden örnek olaylarla Sözlük’ün dönüşümünü değerlendirmektedir: İş çevreleriyle ticari ilişkilere bağlı dönüşüm, İnternet’in düzenlenmesine dair hukuki çerçeve ve kamu otoriteleri ile ilişkilere bağlı olarak geçirilen dönüşüm, Sözlük kullanıcıları ve sahipleri arasındaki örgütsel ilişkinin değişimi dolayımında geçirilen dönüşüm. Sonuç olarak, İnternet’in ‘mayalanma döneminde’, yani görece serbest bir ortamda, Ekşi Sözlük popülaritesini ve saygınlığını, yaratıcı ve muhalif duruş ile karakterize olan bir ifade alanı olarak kazansa da, zaman içinde tamamen kâr merkezli bir işletmeye dönüşmektedir. Böylece bir yandan pazarlama stratejilerinin ana mecralarından biri diğer yandan da politik baskıya tabii sıradan bir forum ve paylaşım sitesi haline gelmektedir. Sözlük’ün gelişimine ilişkin örnek olaylar ele

Racionalno upravljanje z odpadno embalažo v hotelu Veter d.o.o.

OpenAIRE

Smolinger, Rok

2017-01-01

Potrošništvo, marketing, zadovoljevanje vedno večjih potreb strank in ostale podobne prvine potrošništva, posredno vplivajo na vedno večjo nastalo količino odpadne embalaže. Še večje količine odpadne embalaže pa nastanejo v industriji. Za namen našega diplomskega dela se osredotočimo na povprečen hotel. V diplomskem delu bomo preučili obstoječe stanje na področju odpadne embalaže v hotelu Veter d.o.o. Osredotočili se bomo predvsem na potek nastanka od embalaže do odpadne embalaže ter na ravn...

Franšizno poslovanje u Hrvatskoj

OpenAIRE

Košić, Karolina

2017-01-01

Većina poduzetnika kreće sa svojim poslovanjem od nule s predmetom kojeg će predstavljati na tržištu. Svoje poslovanje razvija postepeno, a kroz razvoj svog poslovanja susreće se s problemima i velikim troškovima, izlaže se riziku od neuspjeha na tržištu ili barem nesigurnosti u samom početku što može doći i do samog zatvaranja poduzeća. Ovaj način je težak jer se ulažu velika financijska sredstva za marketing, oglašavanje odnosno dokazivanje svojeg proizvoda ili usluge na tržištu. S druge st...

TURİST REHBERLERİNİN MOTİVASYONU İLE PERFORMANSI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN BELİRLENMESİ

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KÖROĞLU, ÖZLEM; AVCIKURT, CEVDET

2015-01-01

Turist rehberlerinin performans düzeylerinin ölçülmesi, rehberlerin motivasyonu ile performansı arasında herhangi bir ilişkinin bulunup bulunmadığının tespit edilmesi ve turist rehberlerinin demografik değişkenleri ile motivasyonu ve performansı arasındaki ilişkilerin belirlenmesi bu çalışmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Elde edilen kuramsal bilgilere dayanarak araştırma hipotezi belirlenmiş ve araştırma modeli geliştirilmiştir. Verilerin elde edilmesi için anket tekniği kullanılarak turist reh...

Tip 2 Diabetes Mellituslu Hastalarda Mikroalbuminüri, İnsülin Direnci ve Kardiyovasküler Risk

OpenAIRE

ERSOY, Canan; TAŞLI, Babürşah; YILDIZ, Abdülmecit; İMAMOĞLU, Şazi

2006-01-01

Son çalışmalar tip 2 diyabette mikroalbuminüri (MAU) varlığı ile hedef organ hasarları ve kardiyovasküler hastalık riski arasındaki ilişkilere yönelmişlerdir. Bu çalışmada, Tip 2 diabetes mellituslu (DM) hastalarda MAU ile glisemik kontrol, insülin direnci (İR) ve diğer kardiyovasküler risk faktörleri arasındaki ilişki değerlendirilmiştir. İnsülin gereksinimi olmayan, normal renal fonksiyonlu 29 mikroalbuminürik ve 68 normoalbuminürik tip 2 DM'lu hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Tüm hast...

„Ritualno” i „struktuirano” odbacivanje u arheološkim interpretacijama: primer sistema za vodosnabdevanje na lokalitetu „Kale” u Krševici

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Ivan Vranić

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Pitanja vezana za rituale, kultove, religiju ili magiju predstavljaju važne ali u značajnoj meri zanemarene i teorijski nedovoljno precizno utemeljene teme u savremenim arheološkim interpretacijama. Cilj rada jeste da na konkretnim primerima potencijalno ritualnih aktivnosti vezanih za izgradnju i moguće „ritualno ubijanje” sistema za vodosnabdevanje na lokalitetu „Kale” u Krševici pokaže kako ovo zanemarivanje nije samo posledica aktuelnosti i trendova o odabiru istraživačkih tema, već se radi o ozbiljnijem problemu koji pokazuje određene nedostatke savremenih pristupa vezanih za arheologiju identiteta i koncepte struktuiranog ili simboličkog odbacivanja.

Biometria, razão sexual e dimorfismo sexual de Trachemys dorbigni (Duméril & Bibron 1835 (Testudines, Emydidae em um açude no município de São Gabriel, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

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Melise Lucas Silveira

2012-04-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2012v25n3p187   Com o intuito de se estudar a estrutura de uma população de Trachemys dorbigni, foram realizadas coletas durante o período de março de 2009 a fevereiro de 2010, em um açude (30º20’16,03”S e 54º15’46,68”W, no município de São Gabriel, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram coletados 44 indivíduos, sendo 34 fêmeas, sete machos e três juvenis. A razão sexual encontrada foi diferente de 1:1 (4,85 fêmeas:1 macho. O comprimento médio da carapaça dos adultos foi igual a 190,50 ± 22,81mm (N=41 e a massa média foi igual a 1,210 ± 420g (N=37. Os machos apresentaram comprimento médio da carapaça de 179,10 ± 18,60mm (N=7 e as fêmeas, de 192,90 ± 23,10mm (N=34. As fêmeas mostraram-se significativamente maiores do que os machos em seis medidas das onze obtidas e menores em apenas uma medida, comprimento da base da cauda ao orifício cloacal. A análise discriminante mostrou diferenças morfológicas significativas entre machos e fêmeas (P<0,05; F3.37=21,02; Wilks’ lambda=0,36, indicando a distância terminal entre a carapaça e o plastrão, o comprimento curvilíneo da carapaça e o comprimento da base da cauda ao orifício cloacal como variáveis importantes na diferenciação entre os sexos.

The impact of alternative diagnoses on the utility of influenza-like illness case definition to detect the 2009 H1N1 pandemic.

Science.gov (United States)

Rumoro, Dino P; Bayram, Jamil D; Silva, Julio C; Shah, Shital C; Hallock, Marilyn M; Gibbs, Gillian S; Waddell, Michael J

2012-01-01

To investigate the impact of excluding cases with alternative diagnoses on the sensitivity and specificity of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) influenza-like illness (ILI) case definition in detecting the 2009 H1N1 influenza, using Geographic Utilization of Artificial Intelligence in Real-Time for Disease Identification and Alert Notification, a disease surveillance system. Retrospective cross-sectional study design. Emergency department of an urban tertiary care academic medical center. 1,233 ED cases, which were tested for respiratory viruses from September 5, 2009 to May 5, 2010. The main outcome measures were positive predictive value, negative predictive value, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the ILI case definition (both including and excluding alternative diagnoses) to detect H1N1. There was a significant decrease in sensitivity (chi2 = 9.09, p < 0.001) and significant improvement in specificity (chi2 = 179, p < 0.001), after excluding cases with alternative diagnoses. When early detection of an influenza epidemic is of prime importance, pursuing alternative diagnoses as part of CDC's ILI case definition may not be warranted for public health reporting due to the significant decrease in sensitivity, in addition to the resources required for detecting these alternative diagnoses.

Compensation of matrix effects in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of pesticides using a combination of matrix matching and multiple isotopically labeled internal standards.

Science.gov (United States)

Tsuchiyama, Tomoyuki; Katsuhara, Miki; Nakajima, Masahiro

2017-11-17

In the multi-residue analysis of pesticides using GC-MS, the quantitative results are adversely affected by a phenomenon known as the matrix effect. Although the use of matrix-matched standards is considered to be one of the most practical solutions to this problem, complete removal of the matrix effect is difficult in complex food matrices owing to their inconsistency. As a result, residual matrix effects can introduce analytical errors. To compensate for residual matrix effects, we have developed a novel method that employs multiple isotopically labeled internal standards (ILIS). The matrix effects of ILIS and pesticides were evaluated in spiked matrix extracts of various agricultural commodities, and the obtained data were subjected to simple statistical analysis. Based on the similarities between the patterns of variation in the analytical response, a total of 32 isotopically labeled compounds were assigned to 338 pesticides as internal standards. It was found that by utilizing multiple ILIS, residual matrix effects could be effectively compensated. The developed method exhibited superior quantitative performance compared with the common single-internal-standard method. The proposed method is more feasible for regulatory purposes than that using only predetermined correction factors and is considered to be promising for practical applications. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

An Outbreak of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infection in an Elementary School in Pennsylvania

Science.gov (United States)

Bhattarai, Achuyt; Fagan, Ryan P.; Ostroff, Stephen; Sodha, Samir V.; Moll, Mària E.; Lee, Bruce Y.; Chang, Chung-Chou H.; Ennis, Brent; Britz, Phyllis; Fiore, Anthony; Nguyen, Michael; Palekar, Rakhee; Archer, W. Roodly; Gift, Thomas L.; Leap, Rebecca; Nygren, Benjamin L.; Cauchemez, Simon; Angulo, Frederick J.; Swerdlow, David

2011-01-01

In May 2009, one of the earliest outbreaks of 2009 pandemic influenza A virus (pH1N1) infection resulted in the closure of a semi-rural Pennsylvania elementary school. Two sequential telephone surveys were administered to 1345 students (85% of the students enrolled in the school) and household members in 313 households to collect data on influenza-like illness (ILI). A total of 167 persons (12.4%) among those in the surveyed households, including 93 (24.0%) of the School A students, reported ILI. Students were 3.1 times more likely than were other household members to develop ILI (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3–4.1). Fourth-grade students were more likely to be affected than were students in other grades (relative risk, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2–3.9). pH1N1 was confirmed in 26 (72.2%) of the individuals tested by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The outbreak did not resume upon the reopening of the school after the 7-day closure. This investigation found that pH1N1 outbreaks at schools can have substantial attack rates; however, grades and classrooms are affected variably. Additioanl study is warranted to determine the effectiveness of school closure during outbreaks. PMID:21342888

Evlilik İçi Zorla Cinsel İlişki Üzerine Bir Anket Çalışması

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Mehmet Fatih Yavuz

1998-08-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışmada, 170’i hukuk mezunu, 480’i toplumun çeşitli kesimlerinden olmak üzere toplam 650 kişinin evlilikiçi zorla cinsel ilişki konusundaki görüşlerini belirleyen anket formlarının sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılanların % 65’inin, hukukçuların % 45’inin ve toplumdan katılanların % 71’inin kocanın karısıyla zorla cinsel ilişkide bulunmasının bir ırza geçme suçu oluşturacağına inandıkları görülmektedir.Çalışmaya katılanların yarıdan fazlasının bu görüşte olması evlilikiçi zorla cinsel ilişkinin ırza geçme suçu olarak düzenlenmesi yolundaki tartışmalara basamak oluşturmaktadır. Anahtar kelimeler: Evlilik, Irza geçme.

Astucias de la razón y psicología crítica: condiciones de erotismo-seducción, prácticas de tokenismo y resistencias ético-políticas Astucias de la razón y psicología crítica: condiciones de erotismo-seducción, prácticas de tokenismo y resistencias ético-políticas

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Teresa Cabruja i Urach

2003-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper we introduce some difficult aspects for Critical Psychology, difficult because it’s still attached to the dichotomical construction of modern rationality. In that sense, we invoke relationships between critical feminist contribution postpositivist-postmodern perspectives and social and science transformation. One of the problems is the usage of Tokenism (Apfelbaum, 1979 over the “women” “feminine” ana “feminism” subject and over the “emotional”, or others aspects split from de reason. They are included as “señuelos” of change that in fact maintain the some symbolic order with an “illusion” of social mobility or with reification. We found a kind of redistribution of the regulation mechanism of irrationality in the new forms of social governance. After, we present seduction and eroticism as elements that configure the intersubjective relations, the proposals of social-political transformation and the power relations. The literary figures of Sherezade and Caperucita are used for to illustrate the possibilites of the word as action and resistence in the critical psychology.En este artículo se introducen algunos aspectos difíciles para la Psicología Crítica pues continúa heredera de las dicotomías de la racionalidad científico moderno. En este sentido, se alude a las relaciones entre las aportaciones feministas críticas, las postpositivistas-postmodernas y el socioconstruccionismo para una transformación social y del conocimiento. Uno de los problemas se refiere a la práctica del tokenismo (Apfelbaum, 1979 que se realizaría sobre “lo femenino”, “las mujeres” y “el feminismo”, así como sobre lo “emocional” u otros aspectos escindidos de la “razón”. Su inclusión los utiliza como “señuelos” de cambio que mantienen el orden simbólico establecido a partir de la “ilusión de movilidad” o los reifica. Encontránndonos con una especie de redistribución del dispositivo de

Influenza surveillance in Europe. Comparing intensity levels calculated using the Moving Epidemic Method.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Vega, Tomás

2015-05-30

Although influenza-like illnesses (ILI) and acute respiratory illnesses (ARI) surveillance are well established in Europe, the comparability of intensity among countries and seasons remains an unresolved challenge.

Globalizatsija : put dlja vsego tshelovetshestva / Viktor Vaseha

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Vaseha, Viktor

2000-01-01

Globaliseeruva maailma sisemistest vastuoludest, "globaalse" eliidi tekkimisest, globaliseerumisest kui uuskolonialismi varjunimest. Vastukaja Mihhail Balev'i artiklile "Eksperiment po globalizatsii, ili Evrosojuz kak simpatitshnõi oksjumoron" Raduga, 2000, nr.1

Advanced Propellants for Scalable, Multipurpose Electrospray Ion Thrusters

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — Ionic liquid ion sources (ILIS) have numerous applications in spacecraft propulsion and focused ion beam technologies. The Space Propulsion Lab at the Massachusetts...

RADIATION ACCESS ZONE AND VENTILATION CONFINEMENT ZONE CRITERIA FOR THE MGR SURFACE FACILITIES

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

D. A. Padula

2000-01-01

The objectives of this technical report are to: (1) Establish the criteria for Radiation Access Zone (RAZ) designation. (2) Establish the criteria for the Ventilation Confinement Zone (VCZ) designation. The scope will be to formulate the RAZ and VCZ zoning designation for the Monitored Geologic Repository (MGR) surface facilities and to apply the zoning designations to the current Waste Handling Building (WHB), Waste Treatment Building (WTB), and Carrier Preparation Building (CPB) configurations

Toomas Hendrik Ilves : v otnoshenii pamjatnika jeshtsho nitshego ne resheno / Toomas Hendrik Ilves ; interv. Aleksei Venediktov, Nargiz Assadova

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Ilves, Toomas Hendrik, 1953-

2006-01-01

President Toomas Hendrik Ilves vastas Vene raadiojaama Ehho Moskvõ peatoimetaja Aleksei Venediktovi ja väljaande KommersantVlast korrespondendi Nargiz Assadova küsimustele, mis puudutasid Tallinnas Tõnismäel asuva mälestusmärgi ja vene vähemusrahvuse probleeme

Žalovanje ili melankolija?: psihoanaliza i ekonomski problem Derridina marksizma

OpenAIRE

Jukić, Tatjana

2011-01-01

Autorica predlaže kritičko čitanje studije Sablasti Marxa: stanje duga, rad žalovanja i nova Internacionala Jacquesa Derride s pozicije s koje Derridino dovođenje u vezu žalovanja i Marxove političke ekonomije evidentno računa na spregu žalovanja i ekonomije kod Freuda, posebno u “Trauer und Melancholie”. Kod Freuda se žalovanje i ekonomija sprežu tek nakon što se žalovanje stavi u relaciju prema melankoliji, pri čemu melankolija dovodi u pitanje upravo ono što psihoanaliza ...

Uroki mastera, ili Fantazii na temõ Andersena / Boris Tuch

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Tuch, Boris, 1946-

2007-01-01

Eldar Rjazanovi eluloofilm muinasjutuvestja Hans Christian Anderseni elust "Andersen. Elu ilma armastuseta" ("Andersen. Zhizn bez ljubvi"): stsenarist Irakli Kvirikadze : nimiosas Vanja Haratjan, Stanislav Rjadinski, Sergei Migitsko : Venemaa, 2006

Shagrenevaja kozha pjatogo elementa, ili Klassika kak zrelishtshe / Boris Tuch

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Tuch, Boris, 1946-

2001-01-01

Klassikalavastused - Mati Undi "Graal" (lav. Peeter Jalakas), Mihhail Bulgakovi "Meister ja Margarita" (lav. Mati Unt), W. Shakespeare'i "Kuningas Lear" (lav. Priit Pedajas), Pedro Calderoni "Elu on unenägu" (lav. Ingo Normet)

La racionalidad apasionada. Acercamiento a la relación razón y amor en la obra "Camino de Perfección" de Santa Teresa de ávila (1515-1582

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Agustina Serrano P.

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Santa Teresa de ávila es una de las grandes figuras de la mística del Siglo de Oro Español. Pablo VI la declara Doctora de la Iglesia el 27 de septiembre de 1970. Este hecho supone que el puesto y la función de la mujer en la Iglesia quedaron afectados cuando se declaró a Santa Teresa Doctora de la Iglesia. Camino de Perfección es la primera obra impresa de Santa Teresa, en el año 1583 quiere ser un libro guía para las comunidades. Es un itinerario de conversión recorrido con una determinada "racionalidad apasionada" que desenmascara todo lo que no está al servicio del Reino. El presente estudio pretende ayudar a detectar la racionalidad teológica de Teresa desde la relación razón y amor en su obra Camino de perfección. En él se comienza a descubrir la propia sistematicidad del pensar de esta autora. Teresa ha ido vertiendo sus ideas respecto a la realidad de todo lo humano. Lo hace de un modo experiencial y sin atenerse, demasiado, a las normas de uso de los grandes conceptos en su épocaSt. Theresa of Avila is one of the great figures of the mysticism of the Spanish "Golden Age". Paul VI declared her a Doctor of the Church on September 27th, 1970. This fact presupposes that the place and function of women in the Church were influenced when St. Theresa was declared Doctor of the Church. Road of Perfection is the first printed work of St. Theresa's, in the year 1583, and was intended to be a guide for communities. It is an itinerary of conversion traveled through with a determined "passionate rationality" that unmasks everything not at the service of the Kingdom. The present study intends to help detect the theological rationality of Theresa from the reason-love relationship in her work Road of Perfection. In it the author's own systematic thought begins to be discovered, depositing her ideas in relation to the reality of all that is human. She does this in an experiential way and without overly depending upon the norms of the

Türkiye’de Sosyal Demokratların Avrupa Birliği’ne Yaklaşımları

OpenAIRE

ERDEM, Seçil

2008-01-01

Türkiye ve Avrupa Birliği arasındaki ilişkiler ve bu süreci ilgilendiren güncel gelişmeler Türkiye’deki ekonomik, siyasal ve toplumsal dinamikler üzerinde doğrudan ve dolaylı etkileri olan önemli konulardır. Bu bağlamda Avrupa Birliği, Türkiye’deki politik tartışmaların da önemli bir konusu haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışma, Türk Sosyal Demokrasi Hareketi çerçevesi içindeki çeşitli politik unsurların Türkiye-Avrupa Birliği ilişkilerinin belirlenmesi sürecindeki rolleri ve yaklaşımlarını analiz etm...

“PESTEL Analizi” ile Türkiye-Almanya Ekonomik İlişkilerinin İncelenmesi

OpenAIRE

AKÇA, Hasan; ŞAHİN, Levent; KAYA, Zekayi

2016-01-01

Bu çalışmanın amacı; Türkiye ve Almanya arasındaki ekonomik ilişkileri PESTEL Analizi ile irdelemektir. Çalışmada ikincil veriler (1924-2015) kullanılmıştır. PESTEL Analizinden elde edilen bazı sonuçlar şu şekilde özetlenebilir. Almanya bir taraftan gelecekte enerji darboğazı çekmemek için enerji koridorunda bulunan Türkiye ile ilişkileri olumlu yönde tutmaya çalışırken; diğer yandan Türkiye’nin AB’ye üyeliğine mesafeli durmaktadır. 1954-2015/Ağustos döneminde Türkiye’ye yatırım yapan toplam ...

Characteristics of patients with influenza-like illness, severe acture respiratory illness, and laboratory-confirmed influenza at a major children's hospital in Angola, 2009-2011.

Science.gov (United States)

Cardoso, Yolanda; Oliveira, Erika; Vasconcelos, Jocelyne; Cohen, Adam L; Francisco, Moises

2012-12-15

There are no published data on influenza trends in Angola, where pneumonia is a leading cause of death among young children. This study aims to describe the seasonal trends, types, and subtypes of influenza virus recovered from patients with respiratory illness who were admitted to the major children's hospital in Angola from May 2009 through April 2011. Nasal and oral swabs were collected from patients seen in the outpatient clinic with influenza-like illness (ILI) or hospitalized with severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) and tested for influenza virus by polymerase chain reaction assays. Of 691 samples collected, 334 (48%) were from case patients with ILI, and 357 (52%) were from case patients with SARI. Most (86%) of these children were Angola.

La idea de una razón pública

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rawls, John

1994-04-01

Full Text Available Not available.

El presente artículo asume que la pluralidad de razonables doctrinas religiosas, filosóficas y morales propias de las sociedades democráticas es un rasgo permanente de la cultura pública y no una mera condición histórica que pasará pronto. Supuesto esto, se pregunta: ¿cuándo pueden los ciudadanos, por su voto, ejercer propiamente su poder político coercitivo unos respecto de otros cuando las cuestiones fundamentales están en juego? A esta cuestión responde el liberalismo político así: nuestro ejercicio del poder político es propia y consiguientemente justificable sólo si se realiza de acuerdo con una constitución, la aceptación de cuyas esencias pueda razonablemente presumirse de todos los ciudadanos a la luz de principios e ideales admisibles por ellos como razonables y racionales. Este es el principio liberal de legitimidad.

La persona: razón de ser del derecho

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jaime Baquero de la Calle

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Todo ordenamiento jurídico se propone alcanzar el bien común. Dentro de este marco institucional, la justicia es el valor supremo que procura garantizar la autoridad competente. ¿Cuándo es posible decir que se está actuando según la justicia? Encontrar una respuesta requiere remontarse a los principios fundamentales que han dado origen a toda formulación jurídica. Y detrás de tales principios se encuentra la persona, destinatario final del ordenamiento. La norma escrita no se funda –por lo menos, no debería ser así– en el azar o las ideas políticas del gobierno de turno. Ante la inminente presencia de una Asamblea Constituyente, es imperativo volver sobre los fundamentos últimos de todo Estado de Derecho.

As aventuras da fé

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aloísio Cardeal Lorscheider

2009-05-01

Full Text Available  Parte-se da cristologia presente na Fides et Ratio: a Redenção e a Encarnação. Pela análise desses dois mistérios, percebe-se como a razão entra na esfera do divino, iluminada pela luz dos mistérios dos quais se torna, pela fé, participante. Esse fato não humilha, mas dignifica a razão ao máximo. Purifica-a, eleva-a, aperfeiçoa-a, respeitando a sua autonomia. O próprio ser humano cresce na sua humanidade e na sua personalização. São a fé e a razão celebrando o seu maior triunfo. São razão e fé, no respeito mútuo da respectiva autonomia, realizando a mais perfeita simbiose e a mais bela aventura.Palavras-chave: Fé; Razão; Encarnação; Teologia.  ABSTRACTThis paper is based on the Christology present in Fides et Ratio: Redemption and Incarnation. Through an analysis of those two mysteries, one may perceive how reason permeates the scope of the divine, illuminated by the light of the mysteries of which it becomes, through faith, a participant. Rather than humiliating, this fact dignifies reason to the utmost, purifying, elevating and perfecting it, while respecting its autonomy. The human being himself grows in humanity and personalization. That is faith and reason celebrating their greatest triumph. That is faith and reason, in the mutual respect for each one’s respective autonomy, carrying out the most perfect symbiosis and the most beautiful adventure.Key words: Faith; Reason; Incarnation; Theology   Guess who's not coming to dinner? Evaluating online restaurant reservations for disease surveillance.