Super rigid nature of super-deformed bands

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sharma, Neha; Mittal, H.M.; Jain, A.K.

2012-01-01

The phenomenon of high-spin super-deformation represents one of the most remarkable discoveries in nuclear physics. A large number of SD bands have been observed in A = 60, 80, 130, 150, 190 mass regions. The cascades of SD bands are known to be connected by electric quadruple E2 transitions. Because of absence of linking transitions between superdeformed (SD) and normal deformed (ND) levels, the spin assignments of most of these bands carry a minimum uncertainty ≈ 1-2ħ. It was found in an analysis of SD bands in the context of semi classical approach that moment of inertia comes close to the rigid body value in most of the cases. Lack of knowledge of spins has led to an emphasis on the study of dynamical moment of inertia of SD bands and systematic of kinematic moment of inertia has not been examined so far. In this paper, we extract the band moment of inertia J 0 and softness parameter (σ) of all the SD bands corresponding to axes ratio (x) = 1.5 and present their systematic

New vistas in superdeformation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nazarawicz, W [Joint Inst. for Heavy Ion Research, Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

1992-08-01

Nuclear shape coexistence, or superdeformation, is not a new topic; it dates back to the mid-fifties. In this review, the author concentrates on the following aspects: hyperdeformations, with the Woods-Saxon-Strutinsky total potential energy for thorium-232 as an example; superdeformations far from stability, particularly in mercury isotopes; effective calculation of interactions and effective operators; spin assignments and identical bands. 65 refs., 3 figs.

Identification of the unfavored N=7 superdeformed band in 191Hg

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carpenter, M.P.; Janssens, R.V.F.; Cederwall, B.; Crowell, B.; Ahmad, I.; Becker, J.A.; Brinkman, M.J.; Deleplanque, M.A.; Diamond, R.M.; Fallon, P.; Farris, L.P.; Garg, U.; Gassmann, D.; Henry, E.A.; Henry, R.G.; Hughes, J.R.; Khoo, T.L.; Lauritsen, T.; Lee, I.Y.; Machiavelli, A.O.; Moore, E.F.; Nisius, D.; Stephens, F.S.

1995-01-01

A new superdeformed band has been identified in 191 Hg bringing the total number of bands observed in this nucleus to four. The new band has properties similar to those of a superdeformed band reported recently in 193 Hg. Both bands are believed to be built on the unfavored signature of the j 15/2 intruder configuration. Comparisons between the data and cranked Woods-Saxon calculations highlight the strengths and weaknesses of theory in describing high-N orbitals at large deformation

Identical bands in Ba-Dy, N < 104 space

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mittal, H.M.; Vidya Devi; Gupta, J.B.

2008-01-01

The recognition of the existence of identical bands, in even-even, odd-even and odd-odd nuclei, in normal deformed bands and superdeformed bands has become the subject of great interest in recent years. Here the search have been taken for such bands for the normal deformed, even-Z, even-N nuclei of Ba and Dy for 82< N<104 major shell space

Spin assignment and behavior of superdeformed bands in A∼150 mass region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khalaf, A.; Sirag, M.; Taha, M.

2012-01-01

The smoothed experimental dynamical moment of inertia J (2) values were fitted with a theoretical version depend on Harris three parameter formula in even power of angular frequency ω, derived for results from cranking model. The expansion parameters were adjusted by using a computer simulated search program. The best expansion parameters from the fit were used to assign the spins of the superdeformed ( SD ) rotational bands (RB ) by integrating the calculated J (2) . The data set include 23 RB's in 11 SD nuclei, which show no evidence of either irregular behavior near the bottom of the bands or abrupt angular momentum at low rotational frequency in the mass region ranging from A= 142 to A = 154. we used the differences of angular momenta at constant frequency as effective alignment. The relative properties of superdeformed rotational bands (SDRB's) are analyzed in terms of the effective alignment of the valence nucleons. The effective alignment is a powerful tool to assign the configurations, to select the identical bands as well as to predict new SD bands from other combination of the orbitals. The ΔI = 2 energy staggering observed in 3 of our selected SDRB's are also described from a smooth reference representing the finite difference approximation to the fourth derivative of the γ-ray transition energies.

Superdeformed bands in 64147Gd83, a possible test of the existence of octupole correlations in superdeformed bands

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zuber, K.; Balouka, D.; Beck, F.A.; Byrski, T.; Curien, D.; Duchene, G.; Gehringer, C.; Haas, B.; Merdinger, J.C.; Romain, P.; Santos, D.; Styczen, J.; Vivien, J.P.; Dudek, J.; Szymanski, Z.; Werner, T.

1990-01-01

Two discrete superdeformed bands (SD) have been identified in the nucleus 147 Gd. The transitions energies of the SD yrast band lie halfway between the γ-ray energies of the yrast SD band in 146 Gd while the transition energies of the excited band lie half way between the transition energies of the yrast SD band in 148 Gd. These two bands are shown to exhibit the presence of the pseudo SU(3) symmetry and also indicate the possible existence of octupole correlations at large elongations and high spins. (orig.)

Towards superdeformation in the quasicontinuum: microscopic view of the excited superdeformed bands and the corresponding level densities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Werner, T.R.; Dudek, J.

1991-01-01

Microscopic calculations of both the normal and the superdeformed rotational bands have been performed for a number of Rare Earth nuclei. The 'universal' Woods-Saxon potential and the extended Strutinsky method have been used. Excited bands up to a prescribed energy limit E * (usually 2.5 to 3.5 MeV) have been calculated individually by minimizing the corresponding nuclear energies over the quadrupole and hexadecapole deformations. This turns out to be essential, when comparing with experimental results for the known discrete bands. An important influence of the superdeformed neutron (N = 86) shell closure on the microscopically calculated rotational-level densities is illustrated and discussed. (author) 11 refs., 4 figs

Quadrupole collective correlations and termination of the superdeformed bands in mercury

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bonche, P.; Heenen, P.H.; Krieger, S.J.; Weiss, M.S.; Meyer, J.

1990-03-01

Fully self-consistent Generator Coordinate Method calculations have been performed on a basis of quadrupole constrained Hartree-Fock plus BCS wave functions for the five even mercury isotopes 190-198 Hg. The GCM results support conclusions drawn from previous HF+BCS calculations. The predicted evolution of superdeformed band head (shape isomer) properties as a function of the neutron number is consistent with the data. Using calculated transition matrix elements, we evaluate in-band versus out-of-band quadrupole decay and explain the sudden termination of the superdeformed band

Multi-particle excitations in the superdeformed {sup 149}Gd nucleus

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Flibotte, S. [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires]|[Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster, University, Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 (Canada)]|[AECL Research, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River ON K0J 1J0 (Canada); Hackman, G. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster, University, Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 (Canada); Ragnarsson, I. [Department of Mathematical Physics, Lund institute of Technology, Box 118 S-221, Lund (Sweden); Theisen, C. [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires; Andrews, H.R. [AECL Research, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River ON K0J 1J0 (Canada); Ball, G.C. [AECL Research, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River ON K0J 1J0 (Canada); Beausang, C.W. [Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX (United Kingdom); Beck, F.A. [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires; Belier, G. [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires; Bentley, M.A. [Staffordshire University, Stoke on Trent (United Kingdom); Byrski, T. [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires; Curien, D. [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires; France, G. de [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires; Disdier, D. [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires; Duchene, G. [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires; Haas, B. [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires; Haslip, D.S. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster, University, Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 (Canada); Janzen, V.P. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster, University, Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 (Canada)]|[AECL Research, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River ON K0J 1J0 (Canada); Jones, P.M. [Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX (United Kingdom); Kharraja, B.

1995-02-20

Six rotational bands built on superdeformed intrinsic configurations have been observed in the {sup 149}Gd nucleus with the Eurogam spectrometer. Orbital configuration assignments have been suggested on the basis of their effective alignments calculated with the Nilsson-Strutinsky cranking model. Most of the excited bands have identical partners in neighboring nuclei including one case differing by four mass units. Measurements of feeding patterns indicate that the {sup 149}Gd yrast superdeformed band is fed over a wider range of angular momentum than other yrast superdeformed bands in this mass region whereas weaker excited bands in the same nucleus are populated in narrower spin windows. ((orig.))

Nature of the identical bands in atomic nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Szymanski, Z.

1995-01-01

Single-nucleon spectra in the fast rotating nuclei are shown to exhibit some special orbits that appear to be insensitive to nuclear rotation. It is suggested that the special orbits play an essential role in explaining the appearance and structure of the identical bands discovered in the superdeformed region. It is suggested that identical bands appear whenever the nucleonic orbit approaches the separatrix, i.e., a line dividing regions of different coupling schemes in a rotating mean field

Pair correlation of super-deformed rotation band

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shimizu, Yoshio

1989-01-01

The effect of pair correlation, one of the most important residual interactions associated with the super-deformed rotation band, is discussed in terms of the characteristics of the rotation band (its effect on the moment of inertia in particular), and the tunneling into an normal deformed state in relation to its effect on the angular momentum dependence of the potential energy plane as a function of the deformation. The characteristics of the rotation band is discussed in terms of the kinematic and dynamic momenta of inertia. It is shown that the pair correlation in a super-deformed rotation band acts to decrease the former and increase the latter momentum mainly due to dynamic pair correlation. A theoretical approach that takes this effect into account can provide results that are consistent with measured momenta, although large differences can occur in some cases. Major conflicts include a large measured kinetic momentum of inertia compared to the theoretical value, and the absence of the abnormality (shape increase) generally seen in low-spin experiments. The former seems likely to be associated with the method of measuring the angular momentum. (N.K.)

Entrance-channel effects in the population of superdeformed bands

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Smith, G.; Haas, B.; Alderson, A.; Ali, I.; Beausang, C.W.; Bentley, M.A.; Dagnall, P.; Fallon, P.; de France, G.; Forsyth, P.D.; Huttmeier, U.; Romain, P.; Santos, D.; Twin, P.J.; Vivien, J.P. (Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX (United Kingdom) Centre de Recherches Nucleaires, F-67037 Strasbourg CEDEX (France) Sciences and Engineering Research Council, Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington WA44AD (United Kingdom))

1992-01-13

In order to investigate whether entrance-channel effects influence the production of superdeformed nuclei, we have measured the yield of the yrast superdeformed band in {sup 152}Dy populated via nearly mass-symmetric ({sup 82}Se+{sup 74}Ge) and mass-asymmetric ({sup 48}Ca+{sup 108}Pd, {sup 36}S+{sup 120}Sn) fusion reactions leading to the same compound nucleus at similar excitation energies and angular momenta. Large differences in the relative intensity of the band compared with the total yield of the nucleus are observed in the various reactions. This effect indicates that the competition between fission and neutron evaporation is affected by the mode of formation of the fusing system.

Intensity profiles of superdeformed bands in Pb isotopes in a two-level mixing model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wilson, A. N.; Szigeti, S. S.; Rogers, J. I.; Davidson, P. M.; Cardamone, D. M.

2009-01-01

A recently developed two-level mixing model of the decay out of superdeformed bands is applied to examine the loss of flux from the yrast superdeformed bands in 192 Pb, 194 Pb, and 196 Pb. Probability distributions for decay to states at normal deformations are calculated at each level. The sensitivity of the results to parameters describing the levels at normal deformation and their coupling to levels in the superdeformed well is explored. It is found that except for narrow ranges of the interaction strength coupling the states, the amount of intensity lost is primarily determined by the ratio of γ decay widths in the normal and superdeformed wells. It is also found that while the model can accommodate the observed fractional intensity loss profiles for decay from bands at relatively high excitation, it cannot accommodate the similarly abrupt decay from bands at lower energies if standard estimates of the properties of the states in the first minimum are employed

Transition quadrupole moments in the superdeformed band of 40Ca

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chiara, C.J.; Ideguchi, E.; Devlin, M.; LaFosse, D.R.; Lerma, F.; Reviol, W.; Ryu, S.K.; Sarantites, D.G.; Baktash, C.; Galindo-Uribarri, A.; Carpenter, M.P.; Janssens, R.V.F.; Lauritsen, T.; Lister, C.J.; Reiter, P.; Seweryniak, D.; Fallon, P.; Goergen, A.; Macchiavelli, A.O.; Rudolph, D.

2003-01-01

The transition quadrupole moments Q t for the superdeformed band in 40 Ca have been determined through thin-target Doppler-shift attenuation analyses. A best-fit value of Q t =1.30±0.05 e b is obtained when a single value is assumed for the entire band. Fitting separate quadrupole moments for in-band transitions decaying from the high-spin states and the presumably admixed low-spin states results in Q t (high)=1.81 -0.26 +0.41 e b and Q t (low)=1.18 -0.05 +0.06 e b, respectively. Q t values extracted for individual transitions in a Doppler-broadened line-shape analysis also indicate smaller Q t values at lower spins. These results are consistent with the interpretation of this band as an eight-particle-eight-hole superdeformed band with a significant admixture of less-collective configurations at low spins

Entrance-channel effects in the population of superdeformed bands in 147,148Gd

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Flibotte, S.; Andrews, H.R.; Drake, T.E.; Galindro-Uribarri, A.; Haas, B.; Janzen, V.P.; Prevost, D.; Radford, D.C.; Rodriguez, J.; Romain, P.; Vivien, J.P.; Waddington, J.C.; Ward, D.; Zwartz, G.

1992-01-01

Discrete superdeformed bands in 147,148 Gd have been populated with asymmetric and symmetric fusion-evaporation reactions. The yields of the superdeformed bands compared with the total yield of the channel exhibit a large increase for symmetric reactions. We suggest an explanation for this effect in terms of the competition between neutron emission and fission at the early stage of the deexcitation process of the composite system

Decay from the superdeformed bands in 194Hg

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Henry, R.G.; Khoo, T.L.; Carpenter, M.P.

1995-01-01

Superdeformed bands in 194 H g were studied using the early implementation of Gammasphere. The response functions for the Ge detectors were measured for the first time as part of this experiment. Experiments were performed with both a backed target (where the residue stopped in the Au backing) and a thin target (where the residue recoiled into vacuum). This will permit measurements of the decay times of the quasicontinuum γrays. The spectrum in coincidence with the yrast SD band in 194 Hg reveals the same features as found in the quasicontinuum structure in 192 Hg. These features include: statistical γrays feeding the SD band, a pronounced E2 peak from transitions feeding the SD band, a Ml/E2 bump at low energies that is associated with the last stages of feeding of the superdeformed band, and a quasicontinuous distribution from γrays linking SD and normal states, including a sizable clustering of strength around 1.7 MeV. The remarkable similarity of the spectra coincident with SD bands in 192,194 Hg provides additional support for a statistical process for decay out of the SD states. This similarity contrasts with differences observed in the spectrum coincident with the SD band in the odd-even 191 Hg, confirming the predictions about the role of pairing (in normal states) in influencing the shape of the decay-out spectrum

Feeding of the superdeformed yrast band in sup 149 Gd

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Haas, B.; Vivien, J.P.; Beck, F.A.; Benet, P.; Byrski, T.; Curien, D.; Duchene, G.; Gehringer, C.; Merdinger, J.C.; Romain, P. (Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires); Basu, S.K. (Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Calcutta (India). Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre); Kluge, H. (Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin GmbH (Germany, F.R.)); Santos, D. (Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, Buenos Aires (Argentina)); Flibotte, S. (Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin GmbH (Germany, F.R.)); Gascon, J.; Taras, P. (Montreal Univ., Quebec (Canada). Lab. de Physique Nucleaire); Bozek, E.; Zuber, K. (Institute of Nuclear Physics, Krakow (Poland))

1990-08-02

The feeding pattern of the superdeformed yrast band in {sup 149}Gd has been found to remain essentially the same, using the {sup 124}Sn+{sup 30}Si reaction at beam energies of 150, 155 and 160 MeV leading to different input angular momenta and excitation energies in the compound nuclear system. This similarity as well as the relative yields of the superdeformed states as a function of beam energy may be understood in terms of the nuclear level density dependence on deformation and the onset of fission. In addition, it has been shown that, at all three beam energies, the selection of high-energy gamma rays does not enhance the yield of the superdeformed yrast states. (orig.).

Band head spin assignment of superdeformed bands in 133Pr using two-parameter formulae

Science.gov (United States)

Sharma, Honey; Mittal, H. M.

2018-03-01

The two-parameter formulae viz. the power index formula, the nuclear softness formula and the VMI model are adopted to accredit the band head spin (I0) of four superdeformed rotational bands in 133Pr. The technique of least square fitting is used to accredit the band head spin for four superdeformed rotational bands in 133Pr. The root mean deviation among the computed transition energies and well-known experimental transition energies are attained by extracting the model parameters from the two-parameter formulae. The determined transition energies are in excellent agreement with the experimental transition energies, whenever exact spins are accredited. The power index formula coincides well with the experimental data and provides minimum root mean deviation. So, the power index formula is more efficient tool than the nuclear softness formula and the VMI model. The deviation of dynamic moment of inertia J(2) against the rotational frequency is also examined.

Superdeformed bands in sub 64 sup 147 Gd sub 83 , a possible test of the existence of octupole correlations in superdeformed bands

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zuber, K.; Balouka, D.; Beck, F.A.; Byrski, T.; Curien, D.; Duchene, G.; Gehringer, C.; Haas, B.; Merdinger, J.C.; Romain, P.; Santos, D.; Styczen, J.; Vivien, J.P.; Dudek, J.; Szymanski, Z.; Werner, T. (Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires)

1990-12-24

Two discrete superdeformed bands (SD) have been identified in the nucleus {sup 147}Gd. The transitions energies of the SD yrast band lie halfway between the {gamma}-ray energies of the yrast SD band in {sup 146}Gd while the transition energies of the excited band lie half way between the transition energies of the yrast SD band in {sup 148}Gd. These two bands are shown to exhibit the presence of the pseudo SU(3) symmetry and also indicate the possible existence of octupole correlations at large elongations and high spins. (orig.).

Deexcitation of superdeformed bands in the nucleus Tb-151

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Finck, C; Appelbe, D; Beck, FA; Byrski, T; Cullen, D; Curien, D; deFrance, G; Duchene, G; Erturk, S; Haas, B; Khadiri, N; Kharraja, B; Prevost, D; Rigollet, C; Stezowski, O; Twin, P; Vivien, JP; Zuber, K

1997-01-01

The aim of this work is to get more informations about the decay-out of superdeformed bands. One of the best candidates in the mass A similar or equal to 150 region for that kind of research is the nucleus Tb-151. From previous works, it has been established that the first excited band goes lower in

Microscopic study of superdeformed rotational bands in {sup 151} Tb

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

El Aouad, N.; Dudek, J.; Li, X.; Luo, W.D.; Molique, H.; Bouguettoucha, A.; Byrski, TH.; Beck, F.; Finck, C.; Kharraja, B. [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires; Dobaczewski, J. [Warsaw Univ. (Poland); Kharraja, B. [Notre Dame Univ., IN (United States). Dept. of Physics

1996-12-31

Structure of eight superdeformed bands in the nucleus {sup 151}Tb is analyzed using the results of the Hartree-Fock and Woods-Saxon cranking approaches. It is demonstrated that far going similarities between the two approaches exit and predictions related to the structure of rotational bands calculated within the two models are nearly parallel. An interpretation scenario for the structure of the superdeformed bands is presented and predictions related to the exit spins are made. Small but systematic discrepancies between experiment and theory, analyzed in terms of the dynamical moments, J{sup (2)}, are shown to exist. The pairing correlations taken into account by using the particle-number-projection technique are shown to increase the disagreement. Sources of these systematic discrepancies are discussed - they are most likely related to the yet not optimal parametrization of the nuclear interactions used. (authors). 60 refs.

Superdeformation in the A=150 and A=190 regions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carpenter, M. P.

1998-01-01

Superdeformation has been established for over a decade in the mass 150 region and nearly as long in the A=190 region. The first measurements directed at nuclei in these regions concentrated on mapping out the superdeformed (SD) islands by identifying SD rotational bands in γ-ray coincidence data. These early studies provided new insights into the physics of superdeformation, but also raised unexpected issues. The new gamma-ray arrays (Gammasphere, Eurogam/Euroball and Gasp) have provided a wealth of new data on properties of SD states in these two mass regions. This paper highlights some of the more recent results from the large arrays which have addressed the outstanding issues in the field, namely, ΔI = 4 staggering, identical bands, SD vibrational bands, and questions about the feeding into and the decay out of the SD well

Superdeformation in the A=150 and A=190 regions.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carpenter, M. P.

1998-12-01

Superdeformation has been established for over a decade in the mass 150 region and nearly as long in the A=190 region. The first measurements directed at nuclei in these regions concentrated on mapping out the superdeformed (SD) islands by identifying SD rotational bands in {gamma}-ray coincidence data. These early studies provided new insights into the physics of superdeformation, but also raised unexpected issues. The new gamma-ray arrays (Gammasphere, Eurogam/Euroball and Gasp) have provided a wealth of new data on properties of SD states in these two mass regions. This paper highlights some of the more recent results from the large arrays which have addressed the outstanding issues in the field, namely, {Delta}I = 4 staggering, identical bands, SD vibrational bands, and questions about the feeding into and the decay out of the SD well.

Entrance-channel effects in the population of superdeformed bands in sup 147,148 Gd

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Flibotte, S.; Andrews, H.R.; Drake, T.E.; Galindro-Uribarri, A.; Haas, B.; Janzen, V.P.; Prevost, D.; Radford, D.C.; Rodriguez, J.; Romain, P.; Vivien, J.P.; Waddington, J.C.; Ward, D.; Zwartz, G. (Centre de Recherches Nucleaires, F-67037 Strasbourg CEDEX (France) AECL Research, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, K0J 1J0 (Canada) Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A7 (Canada) Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1 (Canada))

1992-03-01

Discrete superdeformed bands in {sup 147,148}Gd have been populated with asymmetric and symmetric fusion-evaporation reactions. The yields of the superdeformed bands compared with the total yield of the channel exhibit a large increase for symmetric reactions. We suggest an explanation for this effect in terms of the competition between neutron emission and fission at the early stage of the deexcitation process of the composite system.

Multiple superdeformed bands in sup 194 Hg and their dynamical moments of inertia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Riley, M.A.; Cullen, D.M.; Alderson, A.; Ali, I.; Fallon, P.; Forsyth, P.D.; Hanna, F.; Mullins, S.M.; Roberts, J.W.; Sharpey-Schafer, J.F.; Twin, P.J. (Liverpool Univ. (UK). Oliver Lodge Lab.); Poynter, R.; Wadsworth, R. (York Univ. (UK). Dept. of Physics); Bentley, M.A.; Bruce, A.M.; Simpson, J. (Science and Engineering Research Council, Daresbury (UK). Daresbury Lab.); Sletten, G. (Niels Bohr Inst., Roskilde (Denmark). Tandem Accelerator Lab.); Nazarewicz, W. (Liverpool Univ. (UK). Oliver Lodge Lab. Politechnika Warszawska (Poland). Inst. Fizyki); Bengtsson, T. (Lund Inst. of Tech. (Sweden). Dept. of Mathematical Physics); Wyss, R. (Manne Siegbahn Inst. of Physics, Stockholm (Sweden))

1990-05-28

Three superdeformed bands have been observed in {sup 194}Hg. The dynamical moment of inertia J{sup (2)} of all three bands is observed to increase by 30-40% over the frequency range {Dirac h}{omega}=0.1-0.4 MeV. This phenomena can be understood in terms of the gradual alignment of pairs of high-j intruder orbitals within the framework of the cranked Woods-Saxon and Nilsson models including pairing. The calculations together with the observed J{sup (2)} behaviour of the three bands indicate that pairing correlations in the superdeformed minimum are rather weak. (orig.).

Identical bands in (even, odd) nuclei as evidence for spectator nucleons

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schmeing, N C [Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd., Chalk River, ON (Canada). Chalk River Nuclear Labs.

1992-08-01

An explanation is sought for ``identical`` moments of inertia for pairs of rotational bands in superdeformed nuclei differing in particle number. The authors postulate that certain nucleons do not participate in the collective rotation. The energy of superdeformed {sup 152}Dy has been calculated using this model with a deformed Woods-Saxon potential and full mixing of oscillator shells. A significant reduction in energy is achieved when the protons and neutron with asymptotic quantum number N < 4 constitute a nonrotating factor, as compared to the conventional prolate nucleus. 9 refs.

The collectivity and the de-excitation of the yrast superdeformed band in sup 150 Gd

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fallon, P.; Alderson, A.; Ali, I.; Cullen, D.M.; Forsyth, P.D.; Riley, M.A.; Roberts, J.W.; Sharpey-Schafer, J.F.; Twin, P.J. (Liverpool Univ. (UK). Oliver Lodge Lab.); Bentley, M.A.; Bruce, A.M. (Science and Engineering Research Council, Daresbury (UK). Daresbury Lab.)

1991-03-28

A Doppler shift attenuation measurement has been carried out to determine the collectivity of the superdeformed band in {sup 150}Gd. The data was found to be consistent with a constant inband quadrupole moment of 17+-3 eb. This corresponds to a quadrupole deformation of {beta}{sub 2}{approx equal}0.58. In addition the measurement has resolved important questions regarding the de-excitation of the band, confirming the rapid de-excitation of the superdeformed band in {sup 150}Gd with more than 80% of the band intensity being lost over one transition. (orig.).

Superdeformation in the A=150 and A=190 regions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carpenter, M. P.; Janssens, R. V. F.

1999-01-01

Superdeformation has been established for over a decade in the mass 150 region and nearly as long in the A=190 region. The first measurements directed at nuclei in these regions concentrated on mapping out the superdeformed (SD) islands by identifying SD rotational bands in γ-ray coincidence data. These early studies provided new insights into the physics of superdeformation, but also raised unexpected issues. The new gamma-ray arrays (Gammasphere, Eurogam/Euroball and Gasp) have provided a wealth of new data on properties of SD states in these two mass regions. This paper highlights some of the more recent results from the large arrays which have addressed the outstanding issues in the field, namely, ΔI=4 staggering, identical bands, SD vibrational bands, and questions about the feeding into and the decay out of the SD well. (c) 1999 American Institute of Physics

Fermion dynamical symmetry and identical bands

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guidry, M.

1994-01-01

Recent general attention has been directed to the phenomenon of identical bands in both normally deformed and superdeformed nuclei. This paper discusses the possibility that such behavior results from a dynamical symmetry of the nuclear many-body system. Phenomenology and the basic principles of Lie algebras are used to place conditions on the acceptable properties of a candidate symmetry. We find that quite general arguments require that such a symmetry have a minimum of 21 generators with a microscopic fermion interpretation

Decay from the superdeformed bands in {sup 194}Hg

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Henry, R.G.; Khoo, T.L.; Carpenter, M.P. [and others

1995-08-01

Superdeformed bands in {sup 194}H g were studied using the early implementation of Gammasphere. The response functions for the Ge detectors were measured for the first time as part of this experiment. Experiments were performed with both a backed target (where the residue stopped in the Au backing) and a thin target (where the residue recoiled into vacuum). This will permit measurements of the decay times of the quasicontinuum {gamma}rays. The spectrum in coincidence with the yrast SD band in {sup 194}Hg reveals the same features as found in the quasicontinuum structure in {sup 192}Hg. These features include: statistical {gamma}rays feeding the SD band, a pronounced E2 peak from transitions feeding the SD band, a Ml/E2 bump at low energies that is associated with the last stages of feeding of the superdeformed band, and a quasicontinuous distribution from {gamma}rays linking SD and normal states, including a sizable clustering of strength around 1.7 MeV. The remarkable similarity of the spectra coincident with SD bands in {sup 192,194}Hg provides additional support for a statistical process for decay out of the SD states. This similarity contrasts with differences observed in the spectrum coincident with the SD band in the odd-even {sup 191}Hg, confirming the predictions about the role of pairing (in normal states) in influencing the shape of the decay-out spectrum.

Comparison between the harris and ab expressions for the description of nuclear superdeformed rotational bands

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hu Zuoxian; Zeng Jinyan

1998-01-01

The superdeformed rotational bands in the A ≅3D 190 region are systematically analyzed using the Harris two-parameter formula and the ab expression, respectively. Similar to the situations in normally deformed nuclei, there exist obvious and systematic deviation of Harris formula from the experiments. In contrast, the prediction of ab formula is very close to experiments, and can be conveniently used for the description of nuclear superdeformed bands

Inter-band coincidences in the superdeformed well of {sup 190}Hg from gammasphere

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Crowell, B.; Carpenter, M.P.; Janssens, R.V.F. [and others

1995-08-01

Very few experimental observables are ordinarily accessible for superdeformed (SD) states in the A {approximately} 150 and A {approximately} 190 regions. The gamma-decay out of the superdeformed bands usually proceeds directly to the normally deformed states, through highly fragmented pathways, making it difficult to determine the spins, parities and excitation energies of the SD states. The in-band E2 transitions are so collective (2 x 10{sup 3} single-particle units in the A {approximately} 190 region) that it is typically impossible to detect any of the competing M1 and E1 transitions between states in the SD well.

Higher superdeformed band members in {sup 190}Hg. Evidence for a band interaction

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bearden, I G; Daly, P J [Purdue Univ., Lafayette, IN (United States); Janssens, V F; Carpenter, M P; Ahmad, I; Khoo, T L; Lauritsen, T; Liang, Y [Argonne National Lab., IL (United States); Drigert, M W [Idaho National Engineering Lab., Idaho Falls, ID (United States); Garg, U; Reviol, W [Notre Dame Univ., IN (United States); Wyss, R [Joint Inst. for Heavy Ion Research, Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

1992-08-01

The superdeformed band of {sup 190}Hg has been traced up to a frequency {Dirac_h}{omega} {>=} 0.4 MeV by combining data from several experiments. A distinct change in the slope of the dynamic moment of inertia J{sup (2)} vs {Dirac_h}{omega} is observed at {Dirac_h}{omega} 0.32 MeV. This result is interpreted as evidence for a band interaction at the highest frequencies. Possible interpretations are reviewed. (author) 14 refs., 3 figs.

Spins of superdeformed band in {sup 192}Hg

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lauritsen, T.; Khoo, T.L.; Henry, R.G. [and others

1995-08-01

Determination of the spins of SD states is the most important challenge in the study of superdeformation. Knowledge of the spin will provide crucial information on SD bands, in particular on the fascinating phenomenon of bands with identical energies and moments of inertia. Angular distribution coefficients of the {gamma}rays decaying out of the {sup 192}Hg SD band were determined using Eurogam data. These coefficients, as well as the spectral shape and multiplicity of the spectrum, are compared with the results of calculations, thereby providing a check on these calculations. From the measured decay multiplicity and the calculated average spin removed per photon (0.3 h), we deduce the average spin {bar I}{sub decay} removed by the {gamma} rays connecting SD and normal states. The spin I{sub SD} of the SD band from which the decay occurs is given by I{sub SD} = {bar I} decay + {bar I} ND, where {bar I} ND is the average spin removed by the normal yrast states. The state from which the major decay out of the SD band occurs is found to have spin 9.5 {plus_minus} 0.8 h. Since angular momentum is (quantized), this leads to a spin assignment of 9 or 10 h. The latter value is favored since the yrast band in the SD well must have only even spin values. This constitutes the first deduction of spin from data in the mass 150 and 190 regions. The spin of 10 h agrees with the spin which is inferred from a model, using the observed moment of inertia (Im){sup (2)}{omega}.

Predicting superdeformed rotational band-head spin in A ∼ 190 ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

PACS No. 21.60.−n. 1. Introduction. Superdeformed (SD) nuclei are one of the most challenging and ... like A ∼ 60, 80, 130, 150 and 190 [2,3]. ..... work and the research is progressing to give systematic features of rotational bands of SD.

Fermion dynamical symmetry and identical bands

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guidry, M.

1995-01-01

Recent general attention has been directed to the phenomenon of identical bands in both normally deformed and superdeformed nuclei. This paper discusses the possibility that such behavior results from a dynamical symmetry of the nuclear many-body system. Phenomenology and the basis principles of Lie algebras are used to place conditions on the acceptable properties of a candidate symmetry. We find that quite general arguments require that such a symmetry have a minimum of 21 generators with a microscopic fermion interpretation. (author). 9 refs., 11 figs., 1 tab

Systematic description of superdeformed bands in the mass-190 region

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sun, Yang; Guidry, M. [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)]|[Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States); Zhang, Jing-ye [Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)

1996-12-31

Superdeformed bands for the mass-190 region are described by the Projected Shell Model. Even-even, odd mass and odd-odd nuclei are equally well described. Good agreement with available data for all isotopes studied is obtained. The authors calculation of electromagnetic properties and pairing correlations provides an understanding of the observed gradual increase of dynamical moments of inertia with angular momentum observed in many bands in this mass region.

Accurate calculation of superdeformed bands in Hg and Pb

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lei Yian; Zeng Jinyan

1993-01-01

The superdeformed (SD) rotational bands in Hg and Pb are analyzed by means of the abc expression for rotational bands, which was derived from the Bohr Hamiltonian. The agreement between calculated and observed transition energies is incredibly well. The deviation of the calculated E' γ s from the observed results turns out to be absolute value δ ≤0.5 keV (except for a few cases, 0.5 kev ≤ absolute value δ ≤ 0.7 keV). Some transitions which have not been observed yet in these SD bands are also predicted, which may be useful for experimental investigation

Some general constraints on identical band symmetries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guidry, M.W.; Strayer, M.R.; Wu, C.; Feng, D.H.

1993-01-01

We argue on general grounds that nearly identical bands observed for superdeformation and less frequently for normal deformation must be explicable in terms of a symmetry having a microscopic basis. We assume that the unknown symmetry is associated with a Lie algebra generated by terms bilinear in fermion creation and annihilation operators. Observed features of these bands and the general properties of Lie groups are then used to place constraints on acceptable algebras. Additional constraints are placed by assuming that the collective spectrum is associated with a dynamical symmetry, and examining the subgroup structure required by phenomenology. We observe that requisite symmetry cannot be unitary, and that the simplest known group structures consistent with these minimal criteria are associated with the Ginocchio algebras employed in the fermion dynamical symmetry model. However, our arguments are general in nature, and we propose that they imply model-independent constraints on any candidate explanation for identical bands

Study of the superdeformed band in {sup 194}Pb with EUROGAM

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hannachi, F [Daresbury Lab. (United Kingdom); [Paris-11 Univ., 91 - Orsay (France). Centre de Spectrometrie Nucleaire et de Spectrometrie de Masse; Porquet, M G; Bastin, G; Deloncle, I; Gall, B; Schuck, C; Smith, A G [Paris-11 Univ., 91 - Orsay (France). Centre de Spectrometrie Nucleaire et de Spectrometrie de Masse; Bourgeois, C; Duprat, J; Korichi, A; Perrin, N; Sergolle, H [Paris-11 Univ., 91 - Orsay (France). Inst. de Physique Nucleaire; Poffe, N [Paris-11 Univ., 91 - Orsay (France). Inst. de Physique Nucleaire; [Oxford Univ. (United Kingdom). Dept. of Physics; Astier, A; Coz, Y Le; Meyer, M; Redon, N [Lyon-1 Univ., 69 - Villeurbanne (France). Inst. de Physique Nucleaire; Bentley, M; Simpson, J [Daresbury Lab. (United Kingdom); Sharpey-Schafer, J F; Joyce, M J; Beausang, C W; Fallon, P; Paul, E S; Dagnall, P J; Forbes, S A; Gale, S; Jones, P M [Liverpool Univ. (United Kingdom). Oliver Lodge Lab.; Wadsworth, R; Clark, R M [Bordeaux-1 Univ., 33 - Gradignan (France). Centre d` Etudes Nucleaires; Curien, D [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires

1992-08-01

An experiment has been carried out using a subset of the EUROGAM array to investigate the decay out of the superdeformed (SD) band in {sup 194}Pb. Two new band members and a new decay pattern into the low lying states at normal deformation (ND) have been established for this band. New spectroscopic information about the level scheme at normal deformation has also been extracted. (author). 9 refs., 1 tab., 4 figs.

16O+16O molecular nature of the superdeformed band of 32S and the evolution of the molecular structure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kimura, Masaaki; Horiuchi, Hisashi

2004-01-01

The relation between the superdeformed band of 32 S and 16 O+ 16 O molecular bands is studied by the deformed-basis antisymmetrized molecular dynamics with the Gogny D1S force. It is found that the obtained superdeformed band members of S have a considerable amount of the 16 O+ 16 O component. Above the superdeformed band, we have obtained two excited rotational bands which have more prominent character of the 16 O+ 16 O molecular band. These three rotational bands are regarded as a series of 16 O+ 16 O molecular bands which were predicted by using the unique 16 O- 16 O optical potential. As the excitation energy and principal quantum number of the relative motion increase, the 16 O+ 16 O cluster structure becomes more prominent but at the same time, the band members are fragmented into several states

Superdeformation- present status and some new universal features

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jain, A.K.; Jain, S.R.

1995-01-01

The present status of understanding of superdeformed (SD) bands has been presented. The puzzles raised by the experimental data have been highlighted. Besides the well known problems related to feeding and depopulation, moment of inertia and identical bands, we have also pointed out the existence of a weak oscillation in the I vs. E γ plots, the negative value for the net alignment in many SD bands and the general identical band pattern found in each mass region. Theoretical explanation for many of these features have been suggested individually but there is no single theoretical framework which would be able to explain all the features together. (author). 32 refs

Entrance channel dependence in the population of the superdeformed bands in {sup 191}Hg and a model for the feeding mechanism

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lauritsen, T; Soramel, F; Khoo, T L; Janssens, R V.F.; Ahmad, I; Carpenter, M P; Liang, Y [Argonne National Lab., IL (United States); Fornal, B; Bearden, I; Benet, Ph; Daley, P; Grabowski, Z W; Maier, R [Purdue Univ., Lafayette, IN (United States); Ye, D; Garg, U; Reviol, W [Notre Dame Univ., IN (United States); Drigert, M W [Idaho National Engineering Lab., Idaho Falls, ID (United States)

1992-08-01

The population of the superdeformed bands in {sup 191} Hg has been measured for two reactions with different mass asymmetry. No entrance channel effect was observed, in contrast to similar measurements in the A=150 region. To further elucidate this problem, the entry distribution for the superdeformed band in {sup 192}Hg was measured and a monte Carlo model for the feeding was developed. The simulations suggest that the decision on trapping in the superdeformed well is made at the barrier between the normal and superdeformed wells rather than at the entry point. (author). 9 refs., 3 figs.

Quadrupole moment of the superdeformed band in 131Ce

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

He, Y.; Godfrey, M.J.; Jenkins, I.; Kirwan, A.J.; Nolan, P.J.

1990-01-01

A mean lifetime measurement has been carried out on the states in the superdeformed band found in 131 Ce using the Doppler shift attenuation method (DSAM). The measured intrinsic nuclear quadrupole moment is Q o approx= 6 eb, assuming constant deformation, which corresponds to a quadrupole deformation β 2 approx= 0.35. This is considerably smaller than the value deduced for 132 Ce. (author)

New features of superdeformed bands in 194Hg

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Janssens, R.V.F.; Ahmad, I.; Carpenter, M.P.

1995-01-01

A striking difference between superdeformed (SD) nuclei near A = 190 and those in the other regions is the behavior of the dynamic moment of inertia (lm) with the rotational frequency hω. While the (lm) patterns of the SD bands near A = 130 and A = 150 show pronounced variations, the majority of the SD bands near A = 190 display the same large, smooth increase of (lm) within the frequency range 0.15 194 Hg were populated with the reaction 150 Nd( 48 Ca,4n) 194 Hg at a beam energy of 206 MeV. The gamma rays emitted in the reaction were detected with the Gammasphere detector array (32 detectors for this experiment)

Lifetimes of an excited superdeformed band in {sup 192}Hg

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ahmad, I.; Blumenthal, D.; Carpenter, M.P. [and others

1995-08-01

An excited superdeformed band was identified in {sup 192}Hg and the lifetimes of its levels measured with the Doppler-shift attenuation method from data taken with the Eurogam spectrometer. The band is proposed to be based on the two-quasineutron (v[642]3/2 [512]5/2) configuration, which after a band crossing, becomes the (v[642]3/2 [752]5/2) configuration. The transition quadrupole moment Q{sub t} of the excited band is the same as that of the yrast SD band, within experimental errors. This suggests that the deformation of the SD minimum is robust with respect to quasiparticle excitation, despite the occupation of the deformation-driving v[752]5/2 level (from the j{sub 15/2} shell) after the band crossing.

Predicting superdeformed rotational band-head spin in A ∼ 190 mass region using variable moment of inertia model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Uma, V.S.; Goel, Alpana; Yadav, Archana; Jain, A.K.

2016-01-01

The band-head spin (I 0 ) of superdeformed (SD) rotational bands in A ∼ 190 mass region is predicted using the variable moment of inertia (VMI) model for 66 SD rotational bands. The superdeformed rotational bands exhibited considerably good rotational property and rigid behaviour. The transition energies were dependent on the prescribed band-head spins. The ratio of transition energies over spin Eγ/ 2 I (RTEOS) vs. angular momentum (I) have confirmed the rigid behaviour, provided the band-head spin value is assigned correctly. There is a good agreement between the calculated and the observed transition energies. This method gives a very comprehensive interpretation for spin assignment of SD rotational bands which could help in designing future experiments for SD bands. (author)

Observation of superdeformation in 191Hg

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moore, E.F.; Janssens, R.V.F.; Chasman, R.R.

1989-01-01

The first observation of superdeformation in the A ≅ 190 mass region is reported. A rotational band of 12 transitions with an average energy spacing of 37 keV, an average moment of inertia of 110 ℎ 2 MeV -1 , and an average quadrupole moment of 18 ± 3 eb has been observed in 191 Hg. These results are in excellent agreement with a calculation that predicts an ellipsoidal axis ratio of 1.65:1 for the superdeformed shape in this nucleus. Evidence for another discrete superdeformed band and superdeformed structures in the quasi-continuum was also found in the data. 19 refs., 6 figs

Superfluid to normal phase transition and extreme regularity od superdeformed bands

CERN Document Server

Pavlichenkov, I M

2002-01-01

The exact semiclassical expression for the second inertial parameter B for the superfluid and normal phases is derived. Interpolation between these limiting values shows that the function B(I) changes sign at the spin I sub c , which is critical for a rotational spectrum. The quantity B turns out to be a sensitive measure of the change in static pairing correlations. The superfluid-to-normal transition reveals itself in the specific variation of the ratio B/A versus spin I with the plateau characteristic of the normal phase. This dependence is find to be universal for normal deformed and superdeformed nuclei. The long plateau with a small value B/A approx A sup - sup 8 sup / sup 3 explains the extreme regularity of superdeformed bands

Evidence for octupole softness of the superdeformed shape from band interactions in sup 193,4 Hg

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cullen, D.M.; Riley, M.A.; Alderson, A.; Ali, I.; Fallon, P.; Forsyth, P.D.; Hanna, F.; Mullins, S.M.; Roberts, J.W.; Sharpey-Schafer, J.F.; Twin, P.J. (Liverpool Univ. (UK). Oliver Lodge Lab.); Bengtsson, T. (Lund Inst. of Tech. (Sweden). Dept. of Mathematical Physics); Bentley, M.A.; Bruce, A.M.; Simpson, J. (Science and Engineering Research Council, Daresbury (UK). Daresbury Lab.); Nazarewicz, W. (Liverpool Univ. (UK). Oliver Lodge Lab. Politechnika Warszawska (Poland). Inst. Fizyki); Poynter, R.; Regan, P.; Wadsworth, R. (York Univ. (UK). Dept. of Physics); Satula, W. (Warsaw Univ. (Poland). Inst. Fizyki Teoretycznej); Sletten, G. (Niels Bohr Inst., Roskilde (Denmark). Tandem Accelerator Lab.); Wyss, R. (Manne Siegbahn Inst. of Physics, Stockholm (Sweden))

1990-12-24

Three superdeformed (SD) bands have been observed in {sup 194}Hg and four (or five ) SD bands in {sup 193}Hg using the {sup 150}Nd+{sup 48}Ca reaction. All bands except for two in {sup 193}Hg show a steady increase in dynamical moment of inertia J{sup (2)} with rotational frequency. The two exceptional bands form a classical pair of strongly interacting bands. It is suggested that the strong interaction between the bands is caused by a softness to octupole deformation. Evidence is found for the existence of dipole transitions connecting bands of opposite signature in {sup 193}Hg. The strengths of these transitions suggest that they are probably E1 supporting the importance of the role of octupole vibrations. These data suggest the wider importance of octupole softness in enhancing E1 transitions in the SD feeding and decay mechanisms. The spectroscopy of the observed SD bands in {sup 193,4}Hg are discussed in detail and attention is drawn to the 'identical' energies of {gamma}-rays in these isotopes with those in lighter isotopes. The similarities in bands relate to the neutron sub-shell closure for SD nuclei at N=112. (orig.).

Superdeformations and fermion dynamical symmetries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu, Cheng-Li

1990-01-01

In this talk, I will present a link between nuclear collective motions and their underlying fermion dynamical symmetries. In particular, I will focus on the microscopic understanding of deformations. It is shown that the SU 3 of the one major shell fermion dynamical symmetry model (FDSM) is responsible for the physics of low and high spins in normal deformation. For the recently observed phenomena of superdeformation, the physics of the problem dictates a generalization to a supershell structure (SFDSM), which also has an SU 3 fermion dynamical symmetry. Many recently discovered feature of superdeformation are found to be inherent in such an SU 3 symmetry. In both cases the dynamical Pauli effect plays a vital role. A particularly noteworthy discovery from this model is that the superdeformed ground band is not the usual unaligned band but the D-pair aligned (DPA) band, which sharply crosses the excited bands. The existence of such DPA band is a key point to understand many properties of superdeformation. Our studies also poses new experimental challenge. This is particularly interesting since there are now plans to build new and exciting γ-ray detecting systems, like the GAMMASPHERE, which could provide answers to some of these challenges. 34 refs., 11 figs., 5 tabs

Decay out of the superdeformed band in {sup 143}Eu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Atac, A; Piiparinen, M; Herskind, B [Copenhagen Univ. (Denmark); and others

1992-08-01

The connection between the super-deformed (SD) and normal-deformed (ND) states had not been observed, owing its difficulty to a statistical, highly fragmented decay path out of the SD bands. This left both the spin and the excitation energy of the SD bands undetermined. In this paper, the authors present results of a new experimental approach, where they take advantage of triple and higher-fold coincidences to study the decay-out of a SD band. They carried out an experiment at the Niels Bohr Institute Tandem Accelerator Laboratory, where they used the (160 MeV) {sup 37}Cl + {sup 110}Pd {yields} {sup 143}Eu + 4n reaction. 9 refs., 3 figs.

Exotic superdeformed structure in A∼190 nuclei observed using Eurogam2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wilson, A.N.; Timar, J.; Bergstroem, M.; Paul, E.S.; Bouneau, S.; Azaiez, F.; Korichi, A.; Nakatsukasa, T.

1995-01-01

Dipole transitions between superdeformed rotational bands are only very rarely observed due to the competition from the very strong in-band E2 decays. We have carried out two experiments with the EUROGAM2 γ-ray spectrometer, situated at the Vivitron tandem accelerator at CRN Strasbourg, in September and October 1994. In the first experiment we observe M1 dipole transitions between the signature partner yrast superdeformed bands in 193 Tl. This measurement gives a mean value of (g K -g R ) K/Q o = 0.135 ± 0.010 μ N /eb identifying the bands as belonging to the (642)5/2 single particle orbital. We also observe 5 additional new superdeformed bands in 193 Tl, whose structures are discussed. In the second experiment we observe three transitions, at 911, 865 and 831 keV, which link an excited superdeformed band in 190 Hg to the yrast superdeformed band. The data suggest that these are stretched dipole transitions with E1 multipolarity and strengths of about 10 -3 Wu. This is the first observation of a collective vibration of the superdeformed mean field. We also observe two new superdeformed bands in 190 Hg. (authors). 39 refs., 11 figs., 3 tabs

New results on the superdeformed {sup 196}Pb nucleus: The decay of the excited bands to the yrast band

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bouneau, S.; Azaiez, F.; Duprat, J. [IPN, Orsay (France)] [and others

1996-12-31

The study of the superdeformed (SD) {sup 196}Pb nucleus has been revisited using the EUROGAM phase 2 spectrometer. In addition to the known yrast and two lowest excited SD bands, a third excited SD band has been seen. All of the three excited bands were found to decay to the yrast SD band through, presumably, E1 transitions, allowing relative spin and excitation energy assignments. Comparisons with calculations using the random-phase approximation suggest that all three excited bands can be interpreted as octupole vibrational structures.

Dynamical moments of inertia for superdeformed nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Obikhod, T.V.

1995-01-01

The method of quantum groups has been applied for calculation the dynamical moments of inertia for the yrast superdeformed bands in 194 Hg and 192 Hg as well as to calculation of the dynamical moments of inertia of superdeformed bands in 150 Gd and 148 Gd

Superdeformed bands of odd nuclei in A=190 region in the quasiparticle picture

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Terasaki, J.; Flocard, H.; Heenen, P.H.; Bonche, P.

1996-07-01

Properties of the superdeformed (SD) bands of 195 Pb and 193 Hg have been studied by the cranked Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov method. The calculations reproduce the flat behavior of the dynamical moment of inertia of two of the SD bands of 195 Pb measured recently. Possible configuration assignments for the observed bands 3 and 4 of 195 Pb are discussed. The two interacting SD bands of 193 Hg have also been calculated. The analysis confirms the superiority of a density-dependent pairing force over a seniority pairing interaction. (author)

Band head spin assignment of superdeformed bands in Hg isotopes through power index formula

Science.gov (United States)

Sharma, Honey; Mittal, H. M.

2018-05-01

The power index formula has been used to obtain the band head spin (I 0) of all the superdeformed (SD) bands in Hg isotopes. A least squares fitting approach is used. The root mean square deviations between the determined and the observed transition energies are calculated by extracting the model parameters using the power index formula. Whenever definite spins are available, the determined and the observed transition energies are in accordance with each other. The computed values of dynamic moment of inertia J (2) obtained by using the power index formula and its deviation with the rotational frequency is also studied. Excellent agreement is shown between the calculated and the experimental results for J (2) versus the rotational frequency. Hence, the power index formula works very well for all the SD bands in Hg isotopes expect for 195Hg(2, 3, 4).

Superdeformation in the mass 190 region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khoo, T.L.; Lauritsen, T.; Liang, Y.

1992-01-01

The steps in the formation of superdeformed bands are described. The hot compound nucleus cools and is trapped within the superdeformed secondary minimum becoming a cold system executing periodic motion (rotation), before suddenly heating up in the process of decaying to the normal yrast states

Superdeformation in /sup 104,105/Pd

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Macchiavelli, A.O.; Burde, J.; Diamond, R.M.; Beausang, C.W.; Deleplanque, M.A.; McDonald, R.J.; Stephens, F.S.; Draper, J.E.

1988-01-01

In the present Rapid Communication, we report the discovery of a rotational band in /sup 105/Pd and possibly one in /sup 104/Pd that can be interpreted as arising from superdeformed shapes. The moments of inertia, J/sup (1)/ and J/sup (2)/, of these bands are similar to those measured in the Ce--Nd region, once the A/sup 5/3/ mass dependence is removed. This implies a deformation ε∼0.35--0.4. If so, this is the third mass region where superdeformed bands have been found at high spins

Superdeformation in the Hg-Tl-Pb region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Henry, E.A.; Becker, J.A.; Yates, S.W.; Wang, T.F.; Kuhnert, A.; Brinkman, M.J.; Cizewski, J.A.; Deleplanque, M.A.; Diamond, R.M.; Stephens, F.S.; Azaiez, F.; Korten, W.; Draper, J.E.

1990-10-01

Superdeformation in the Hg-Tl-Pb region is discussed, with concentration on the experimental results. At least twenty-five superdeformed bands are known in this region, providing much new data to test theoretical calculations. 22 refs., 5 figs

ΔI=4 bifurcation in a superdeformed band: Evidence for a C4 symmetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Flibotte, S.; Andrews, H.R.; Ball, G.C.; Beausang, C.W.; Beck, F.A.; Belier, G.; Byrski, T.; Curien, D.; Dagnall, P.J.; de France, G.; Disdier, D.; Duchene, G.; Finck, C.; Haas, B.; Hackman, G.; Haslip, D.S.; Janzen, V.P.; Kharraja, B.; Lisle, J.C.; Merdinger, J.C.; Mullins, S.M.; Nazarewicz, W.; Radford, D.C.; Rauch, V.; Savajols, H.; Styczen, J.; Theisen, C.; Twin, P.J.; Vivien, J.P.; Waddington, J.C.; Ward, D.; Zuber, K.; Aberg, S.

1993-01-01

The moment of inertia of the yrast superdeformed band in 149 Gd exhibits an unexpected bifurcation at high rotational frequency. States differing by four units of angular momentum show an energy shift of about 60 eV. This indicates the remnant of a new quantum number associated with the fourfold rotational symmetry

Search for the discrete non-yrast states in 152Dy around 86 ns isomer, the region into which the γ-rays drain the super-deformed band

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mansour, N.

1991-01-01

Further analysis of the γ-ray study of 152 Dy emitted in the decay of the super-deformed band has been performed by using the 122 Sn ( 35 Cl, P4n) reaction at low bombarding energies. Several γ-rays de-exciting non-yrast states have been identified, among these are transitions previously observed in coincidence with this super-deformed band. The lowest two members of the super-deformed cascade have also been detected, but the data is not quite good enough to make a firm connection to them. (author)

Backbendings of superdeformed bands in 36;40Ar

Science.gov (United States)

Xiang, Xu-Hui; He, Xiao-Tao

2018-05-01

Experimentally observed superdeformed (SD) rotational bands in 36Ar and 40Ar are studied by the cranked shell model (CSM) with the pairing correlations treated by a particle-number-conserving (PNC) method. This is the first time that PNC-CSM calculations have been performed on the light nuclear mass region around A=40. The experimental kinematic moments of inertia J (1) versus rotational frequency are reproduced well. The backbending of the SD band at frequency around ℏω=1.5 MeV in 36Ar is attributed to the sharp rise of the simultaneous alignments of the neutron and proton 1d 5/2[202]5/2 pairs and 1f 7/2[321]3/2 pairs, which is a consequence of the band crossing between the 1d 5/2[202]5/2 and 1f 7/2[321]3/2 configuration states. The gentle upbending at low frequency of the SD band in 40Ar is mainly affected by the alignments of the neutron 1f 7/2[321]3/2 pairs and proton 1d 5/2[202]5/2 pairs. The PNC-CSM calculations show that besides the diagonal parts, the off-diagonal parts of the alignments play an important role in the rotational behavior of the SD bands. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11775112 and 11275098) and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions

X-ray yields of superdeformed states in 193Hg

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cullen, D.M.; Lee, I.Y.; Baktash, C.

1993-01-01

The K α =x-ray yields associated with the superdeformed and normal-deformed bands in 193 Hg have been measured. The results indicate an excess yield of K α -x rays in coincidence with the superdeformed cascade relative to that in coincidence with the normal-deformed cascade. The internal conversion of known transitions along the superdeformed cascade cannot account for the observed K α -x ray yield. It is likely that this excess x-ray yield is associated with low energy M1 transitions competing with the low-spin superdeformed E2 transitions. These M1 γ rays are expected to connect the two superdeformed bands which are observed in coincidence with each other. Calculations based on the measured γ-ray intensities indicate that within the experimental uncertainties the excess K α yield can be entirely accounted for by interband-M1 transitions. X-ray yields from the recent 193 Hg EUROGAM experiment will also be discussed

Entrance channel effects and the superdeformed band in {sup 152}Dy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Beausang, C W; Alderson, A; Ali, I; Dagnall, P J; Fallon, P; Forsyth, P D; Smith, G; Twin, P J [Liverpool Univ. (United Kingdom); France, G de; Duchene, G; Flibotte, S; Haas, B; Romain, P; Theisen, C H; Vivien, J P [Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires; Bentley, M A [Daresbury Lab. (United Kingdom)

1992-08-01

Recent experiments on {sup 152}Dy indicate that the fraction of decays via the superdeformed (SD) band depends on the mass asymmetry in the entrance channel. Such results may indicate that the time scale for fusion is larger for mass symmetric reactions than for mass asymmetric ones, thus allowing neutron evaporation to compete better with fusion. To test this idea, one needs accurate intensity measurements of the highest member of the SD band, using a very large data set, so it is an ideal experiment for the Eurogam array. At the time of the conference, a series of experiments was being carried out using the {sup 36}S + {sup 120}Sn and {sup 82}Se + {sup 74}Ge reactions. Preliminary results were inconclusive. 7 refs., 3 figs.

Superdeformation in the mass A ∼ 80 region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baktash, C.

1996-01-01

A new island of superdeformed nuclei with major-to-minor axis ratio of 2:1 has recently been discovered in the A ∼ 80 medium-mass region, confirming the predictions for the existence of a large SD gap at particle number N,Z ∼ 44. The general properties of more than 20 bands observed so far will be reviewed here, and compared with those of the superdeformed bands in the heavier nuclei

Quasiparticle excitations in superdeformed {sup 192}Hg

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lauritsen, T.; Carpenter, M.P.; Janssens, R.V.F. [and others

1995-08-01

The nucleus {sup 192}Hg plays a pivotal role for superdeformation in the mass 190 region, since calculations of single-particle levels show large shell-gaps for the superdeformed (SD) shape at N = 112 and Z = 80. As a result, {sup 192}Hg is referred to as the doubly magic SD nucleus for the A = 190 region. In previous studies, only one superdeformed band was observed in this nucleus, and this fact was cited as indirect evidence that large shell gaps do indeed exist at the proposed particle numbers.

Coexistence of spherical states with deformed and superdeformed bands in doubly magic 40Ca; A shell model challenge

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Caurier, E.; Nowacki, F.; Menendez, J.; Poves, A.

2007-02-01

Large scale shell model calculations, with dimensions reaching 10 9 , are carried out to describe the recently observed deformed (ND) and superdeformed (SD) bands based on the first and second excited 0 + states of 40 Ca at 3.35 MeV and 5.21 MeV respectively. A valence space comprising two major oscillator shells, sd and pf, can accommodate most of the relevant degrees of freedom of this problem. The ND band is dominated by configurations with four particles promoted to the pf-shell (4p-4h in short). The SD band by 8p-8h configurations. The ground state of 40 Ca is strongly correlated, but the closed shell still amounts to 65%. The energies of the bands are very well reproduced by the calculations. The out-band transitions connecting the SD band with other states are very small and depend on the details of the mixing among the different np-nh configurations, in spite of that, the calculation describes them reasonably. For the in-band transition probabilities along the SD band, we predict a fairly constant transition quadrupole moment Q 0 (t) ∼ 70 e fm 2 up to J=10, that decreases toward the higher spins. We submit also that the J=8 states of the deformed and superdeformed band are maximally mixed. (authors)

Coexistence of spherical states with deformed and superdeformed bands in doubly magic 40Ca: A shell-model challenge

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Caurier, E.; Nowacki, F.; Menendez, J.; Poves, A.

2007-01-01

Large-scale shell-model calculations, with dimensions reaching 10 9 , are carried out to describe the recently observed deformed (ND) and superdeformed (SD) bands based on the first and second excited 0 + states of 40 Ca at 3.35 and 5.21 MeV, respectively. A valence space comprising two major oscillator shells, sd and pf, can accommodate most of the relevant degrees of freedom of this problem. The ND band is dominated by configurations with four particles promoted to the pf shell (4p-4h in short). The SD band by 8p-8h configurations. The ground state of 40 Ca is strongly correlated, but the closed shell still amounts to 65%. The energies of the bands are very well reproduced by the calculations. The out-band transitions connecting the SD band with other states are very small and depend on the details of the mixing among the different np-nh configurations; in spite of that, the calculation describes them reasonably. For the in-band transition probabilities along the SD band, we predict a fairly constant transition quadrupole moment Q 0 (t)∼170 e fm 2 up to J=10 that decreases toward the higher spins. We submit also that the J=8 states of the deformed and superdeformed bands are maximally mixed

Properties of superdeformed bands in the 151Tb nucleus studied with the EUROGAM French-British spectrometer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Finck, Christian

1997-01-01

The subject of this thesis is the study of superdeformation (SD) of the atomic nucleus. In the mass region A ≅ 150 those nuclei have a quadrupole deformation of about 0.6. However, this value is an average and the microscopic structure reflected in the band configurations, affects this deformation. Determination of this value by electric quadrupole moment studies is particularly useful especially for the identical SD bands (SD bands belonging to neighbouring nuclei and having the same moment of inertia). Knowledge of the different quadrupole deformation should shed light on the competition between mass difference, spin alignment and deformation of the nucleus. The electric quadrupole moments are deduced from lifetime measurements of the SD states using the Doppler Shift Attenuation Method. Experimentally, one observes a variation in the electric quadrupole moments of the lowest SD states which suggests a gradual change of the nuclear deformation towards normal less deformed shapes. The deexcitation mechanism is poorly understood in the A ≅ 150 mass region due to lack of experimental information: up to now, no transition connecting the second and the first potential well has been observed for these SD states. Experimental studies of deexcitation patterns of SD bands are therefore crucial to fix the decay-out mechanism. Experimental data on the 151 Tb nucleus were collected via fusion-evaporation reaction, using the EUROGAM phase II array. (author)

Search for superdeformation in 144Gd

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vivien, J.P.; Nourreddine, A.; Beck, F.A.; Byrski, T.; Gehringer, C.; Haas, B.; Merdinger, J.C.; Dudek, J.; Nazarewicz, W.

1986-01-01

Quasi-continuum γ-decay studies of 144 Gd have been performed using the 120 Sn( 28 Si,4n)reaction at 125, 135, 145 and 155 MeV bombarding energies. Angular distribution and multiplicity measurements have been done at the above energies. At 145 MeV bombarding energy a lifetime measurement has also been performed. Although a collective behaviour has been observed, the present data do not give evidence for population of superdeformed rotational bands. Theoretical interpretation using the cranking model with the Woods-Saxon field is given. The effects of temperature and pairing on the superdeformed configuration are discussed; superdeformation effects are predicted to disappear below I ∼ 60-70 ℎ when temperature exceeds ∼ 500 KeV

The quasi-continuum of gamma rays following the decay of superdeformed bands in the Hg region

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lauritsen, T.; Khoo, T.L.; Janssens, R.V.F. [Argonne National Lab., IL (United States)] [and others

1996-12-31

The quasi-continuum part of the spectrum associated with the decay-out of the yrast superdeformed band in {sup 194}Hg has been extracted. It has for the first time been possible to compare the spin and excitation energy determined from the analysis of the quasi-continuum {gamma} rays to the exact result obtained from the one-step linking transitions.

Description of superdeformed nuclear states in the interacting boson model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu, Y.; Zhao, E.; Liu, Y.; Song, J.; Liu, Y.; Sun, H.; Zhao, E.; Liu, Y.; Sun, H.

1997-01-01

We show in this paper that the superdeformed nuclear states can be described with a four parameter formula in the spirit of the perturbated SU(3) limit of the sdg IBM. The E2 transition γ-ray energies, the dynamical moments of inertia of the lowest superdeformed (SD) bands in even-even Hg, Pb, Gd, and Dy isotopes, and the energy differences ΔE γ -ΔE γ ref of the SD band 1 of 194 Hg are calculated. The calculated results agree with experimental data well. This indicates that the SD states are governed by a rotational interaction plus a perturbation with SO sdg (5) symmetry. The perturbation causing the ΔI=4 bifurcation to emerge in the ΔI=2 superdeformed rotational band may then possess SO sdg (5) symmetry. copyright 1997 The American Physical Society

Lifetime measurements and dipole transition rates for superdeformed states in 190Hg

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amro, H.

1999-01-01

The Doppler-shift attenuation method was used to measure life-times of superdeformed (SD) states for both the yrast and the first excited superdeformed band of 190 Hg. Intrinsic quadruple moments Q 0 were extracted. For the first time, the dipole transition rates have been extracted for the inter-band transitions which connect the excited SD band to the yrast states in the second minimum. The results support the interpretation of the excited SD band as a rotational band built on an octupole vibration

Superdeformation studies in {sup 191}Hg

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carpenter, M.P.; Janssens, R.V.F.; Crowell, B. [and others

1995-08-01

Superdeformation in the A {approximately} 190 region was first observed in {sup 191}Hg from an experiment performed at ATLAS using the Argonne Notre Dame {gamma}-ray facility. We recently revisited the study of superdeformation in this nucleus using Gammasphere and the {sup 160}Gd({sup 36}S,5n) and {sup 174}Yb({sup 22}Ne,5n) reactions at 172 and 120 MeV in order to populate and measure states in the second well. The goal of the experiment was to identify new bands in the data, and thus allow us to gain understanding on the relative placement of single particle orbitals near the N = 112 SD shell gap. From an analysis of the data, the three previously identified SD bands were extended, and their feeding into the yrast states delineated. Two new SD bands were observed and preliminary evidence for a third new band was obtained as well.

Superdeformation studies in the odd-odd nucleus {sup 192}Tl

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fischer, S.; Carpenter, M.P.; Janssens, R.V.F. [and others

1995-08-01

The study of yrast and near-yrast structures of odd-odd nuclei to high spins is somewhat limited due to the complexity of the spectra resulting from the many proton-neutron couplings near the Fermi surface. In superdeformed nuclei, the number of available protons and neutrons near the Fermi surface is somewhat limited due to the presence of large-shell gaps which stabilize the nuclear shape. A relatively small number of available neutron and proton configurations can lead to fragmentation of the SD intensity into a number of different bands. Two good examples of this phenomenon were found in {sup 192}Tl and {sup 194}Tl where the presence of six superdeformed bands were reported in both nuclei. We reexamined {sup 192}Tl at Gammasphere using the {sup 160}Gd({sup 37}Cl,5n) reaction at 178 MeV to populate states in the superdeformed well of this nucleus. While our previous study on {sup 192}Tl at ATLAS was very successful, a number of questions remained which formed the basis of our objectives in this experiment: obtain better {gamma}-ray energies for the known transitions and identify higher spin members in each band; determine how the bands feed the known yrast states in {sup 192}Tl as well as determine the complete spectrum in coincidence with the SD bands; look for M1 transitions connecting proposed signature partners; and attempt to identify other excitations in the superdeformed well. Analysis is underway and four of the six bands were confirmed. The reasons that two of the reported bands were not observed in this latest work is still under investigation. As of this time, no other superdeformed bands were identified in the data. Two of the confirmed SD bands have a constant moment of inertia and show indications of cross-talk between each other. This observation is not unexpected since the calculated M1 rates for the proposed configuration of the band, {pi}{sub 13/2} x {upsilon}j{sub 15/2}, indicate that M1 transitions linking the two SD bands should be observed.

Favored neutron excitations in superdeformed Gd-147

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Theisen, C; Khadiri, N; Vivien, JP; Ragnarsson, J; Beausang, CW; Beck, FA; Belier, G; Byrski, T; Curien, D; deFrance, G; Disdier, D; Duchene, G; Finck, C; Flibotte, S; Gall, B; Haas, B; Hanine, H; Herskind, B; Kharraja, B; Merdinger, JC; Nourreddine, A; Nyako, BM; Perez, GE; Prevost, D; Stezowski, O; Rauch, I; Rigollet, C; Savajols, H; SharpeySchafer, J; Twin, PJ; Wei, L; Zuber, K

1996-01-01

Four new superdeformed (SD) bands have been observed in Gd-147 using the EUROGAM II spectrometer. By comparison with (146,148,149),Gd SD bands, we use the effective alignment to assign excited band configurations, with the support of the Nilsson-Strutinsky cranking formalism. The effect of the

M1 transitions between superdeformed states in 195Tl

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zheng Xing; Xingqu Chen; Xiaochun Wang

1996-01-01

Using a triaxial-particle-rotor model, the quadrupole and dipole transition energies, kinematic and dynamic moments of inertia, electromagnetic transition probabilities and the relative intensity of the E2 γ-transitions are calculated for superdeformed bands in 195 Tl. A strong perturbation effect of rotation on transition energies and M1 and E2 transitions of superdeformed states is investigated. The total M1 transitions, enhanced by internal conversion, are expected to compete strongly with the E2 γ-ray at low spins in the superdeformed 195 Tl nucleus. (author)

Microscopic structure of high-spin vibrational states in superdeformed A=190 nuclei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakatsukasa, Takashi [Chalk River Labs., Ontario (Canada); Matsuyanagi, Kenichi [Kyoto Univ. (Japan); Mizutori, Shoujirou [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)] [and others

1996-12-31

Microscopic RPA calculations based on the cranked shell model are performed to investigate the quadrupole and octupole correlations for excited superdeformed (SD) bands in even-even A=190 nuclei. The K = 2 octupole vibrations are predicted to be the lowest excitation modes at zero rotational frequency. The Coriolis coupling at finite frequency produces different effects depending on the neutron and proton number of nucleus. The calculations also indicate that some collective excitations may produce moments of inertia almost identical to those of the yrast SD band. An interpretation of the observed excited bands invoking the octupole vibrations is proposed, which suggests those octupole vibrations may be prevalent in even-even SD A=190 nuclei.

Double blocking in the superdeformed {sup 192}Tl nucleus

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liang, Y; Carpenter, M P; Janssens, R V.F.; Ahmad, I; Henry, R; Khoo, T L; Lauritsen, T [Argonne National Lab., IL (United States); Soramel, F [Padova University, Padova (Italy); Pilotte, S [Ottawa Univ., ON (Canada); Lewis, J M; Riedinger, L L; Yu, C H [Tennessee Univ., Knoxville, TN (United States); Garg, U; Reviol, W [Notre Dame Univ., IN (United States); Bearden, I G [Purdue Univ., Lafayette, IN (United States)

1992-08-01

Six superdeformed bands have been found in the nucleus {sup 192}Tl. For two of the bands, the dynamic moment of inertia J{sup (2)} is found to be constant with the rotational frequency {Dirac_h}{omega}. This result can be understood in terms of Pauli blocking of quasiparticle alignments in intruder orbitals, and represents the first experimental evidence that the alignment of these intruders is responsible for the smooth rise in J{sup (2)} seen in other superdeformed nuclei of this mass region. (author). 18 refs., 2 figs.

Superdeformation in the A = 190 region. The lead nuclei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Henry, E A; Becker, J A; Brinkman, M J; Kuhnert, A; Stoyer, M A; Wang, T F; Yates, S W [Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (United States); Azaiez, F A; Beausang, C W; Burde, J; Deleplanque, M A; Diamond, R M; Draper, J E; Kelly, W H; Korton, W; Macchiavelli, A O; Oliveira, J; Rubel, E; Stephens, F S [Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States); Cizewski, J A [Rutgers--the State Univ., New Brunswick, NJ (United States)

1992-08-01

Superdeformed (SD) bands have been identified in the four even-even lead nuclei {sup 192}Pb, {sup 194}Pb, {sup 196}Pb, and {sup 198}Pb. The discovery of SD bands in these nuclei extended the region of superdeformation in the A = 190 region to Z = 82, and to neutron numbers up to N = 116. All of the SD bands in these nuclei are observed with transition energies ranging from about 250 keV to about 600 keV, with the lowest energy SD band transition for the entire region of 169 keV in {sup 194}Pb. The spins deduced for the lowest levels in the SD bands are 6, 8, and 12 for {sup 192,194,196,198}Pb, respectively. The dynamic moments of inertia of {sup 192}Pb and {sup 194}Pb are similar to each other, and to those of many other SD bands in this mass region. The dynamic moments of inertia of {sup 1}`9{sup 6}Pb and {sup 198}Pb are somewhat lower than those of {sup 192,194}Pb at a given frequency. The experimental lifetimes in {sup 194}Pb and the deduced transition quadrupole moments (Qt {approx} 20 eb) are equal to those of other nuclei in the region within errors. While SD bands have been observed in the odd-neutron Hg and Tl nuclei, SD bands have not been reported for the odd-neutron Pb nuclei. In this contribution we discuss briefly three topics on superdeformation in the lead nuclei. First, we have recent experimental data on {sup 196}Pb that extends our knowledge of the SD band in that nucleus. Next we review briefly the population of low-lying yrast levels from the decay of the SD bands in {sup 192,194,196}Pb. Finally, we summarize our efforts to identify superdeformation in the odd-A Pb nuclei. All of the experiments described here were performed using the HERA spectrometer at the 88-Inch Cyclotron facility located at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. (author) 9 refs., 4 figs.

Lifetime measurements and dipole transition rates for superdeformed states in {sup 190}Hg.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Amro, H.

1999-03-24

The Doppler-shift attenuation method was used to measure life-times of superdeformed (SD) states for both the yrast and the first excited superdeformed band of {sup 190}Hg. Intrinsic quadruple moments Q{sub 0} were extracted. For the first time, the dipole transition rates have been extracted for the inter-band transitions which connect the excited SD band to the yrast states in the second minimum. The results support the interpretation of the excited SD band as a rotational band built on an octupole vibration.

Shape evolution in the superdeformed A≅80-90 mass region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lagergren, K.; Cederwall, B.; Issa, T.; Johnson, A.; Milechina, L.; Wyss, R.; Clark, R.M.; Fallon, P.; Goergen, A.; Macchiavelli, A.O.; Janssens, R.V.F.; Sarantites, D.G.

2003-01-01

Superdeformed bands in 88 Mo, 89 Tc, and 91 Tc were populated using a 40 Ca beam with an energy of 185 MeV, impinging on a backed 58 Ni target. γ rays and charged particles emitted in the reactions were detected using the Gammasphere Ge detector array and the CsI(Tl) array Microball. Average transition quadrupole moments Q t , with significantly improved accuracy compared to earlier work, were deduced for the bands using the residual doppler shift technique. The experimental results were included into a systematic study of the Q t values throughout the superdeformed mass 80-90 region. The superdeformed shell gaps are predicted to move towards larger deformations with increasing Z and N in this mass region. This trend is confirmed by the experimental Q t values

Search for two-{gamma} sum-energy peaks in the decay out of superdeformed bands

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Blumenthal, D.; Khoo, T.L.; Lauritsen, T. [and others

1995-08-01

The spectrum of {gamma}rays decaying out of the superdeformed (SD) band in {sup 192}Hg has a quasicontinuous distribution. Whereas methods to construct level schemes from discrete lines in coincidence spectra are well established, new techniques must still be developed to extract information from coincidences involving quasicontinuous {gamma}rays. From an experiment using Eurogam, we obtained impressively clean 1- and 2-dimensional {gamma} spectra from pairwise or single gates, respectively, on the transitions of the SD band in {sup 192}Hg. We investigated methods to exploit the 2-dimensional quasicontinuum spectra coincident with the SD band to determine the excitation energy of the SD band above the normal yrast line. No strong peaks were observed in the 2-{gamma} sum spectra; only candidates of peaks at a 2-3 {sigma} level were found. This suggests that 2-{gamma} decay is not the dominant decay branch out of SD bands, consistent with the observed multiplicity of 3.2. We shall next search for peaks in sum-spectra of 3 {gamma}s.

The decay-out of superdeformed bands in the A = 190 region. What have we learned?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lauritsen, T.; Hackman, G.; Khoo, T.L.; Carpenter, M.P.; Janssens, R.V.F.; Ackermann, D.; Ahmad, I.; Blumenthal, D.J.; Lopez-Martens, A.

1997-01-01

One-step decay transitions linking the superdeformed (SD) bands 1 and 3 in 194 Hg to yrast levels are discussed. Inter-band transitions between bands 1 and 3 have also been identified. For the first time, the spin, parity and excitation energy have been determined for two SD bands in the same nucleus. The low excitation energy of the excited band supports the view that it is based on an octupole excitation. It is believed that Porter-Thomas fluctuations play a major role in determining the strength of the one-step transitions as suggested by the fact that only one other SD band has been linked in the A = 190 mass region ( 194 Pb) at the present time. When Porter-Thomas fluctuations prevent the observation of one-step or two-step linking transitions, as e.g. in the case of 192 Hg, the analysis of the quasi-continuous part of the decay-out spectrum provides an alternative method for the determination of the excitation energy and spin of an SD band. This method is discussed in detail. (author)

Coexistence of cluster structure and superdeformation in 44Ti

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kimura, Masaaki; Horiuchi, Hisashi

2006-01-01

The nucleus 44 Ti has low-lying levels of various kinds of mutually very different nuclear structure displaying the richness of the nuclear many-body dynamics. It is shown that the deformed-basis antisymmetrized molecular dynamics by the use of the Gogny D1S force reproduces successfully and unifiedly two types of coexistence phenomena in 44 Ti. Namely, on one hand, the coexistence of the mean-field structure and the cluster structure is confirmed by verifying the normally deformed structure of the K π =3 1 - band with a 1-particle-1-hole intrinsic configuration and the α+Ca40 cluster structure of the K π =0 2 - band. The mixed character of the mean-field-like structure and the α+Ca40 cluster structure of the ground band is also shown. On the other hand, the coexistence of the normal deformed mean-field and the superdeformed mean-field is confirmed by verifying the triaxial superdeformation of the K π =0 2 + band and the K π =2 1 + band which has a 4-particle-4-hole intrinsic configuration. Good reproduction of the experimental data is shown for many kinds of quantities including the energy spectra, electric transition rates, alpha spectroscopic factors. Preliminary discussions are given on the existence of hyperdeformed excited states, the relation between superdeformation and clustering and so on

Superdeformed bands in Hg and Tl nuclei for N≤112

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carpenter, M.P.; Jannsens, R.V.F.; Liang, Y.; Ahmad, I.; Henry, R.; Khoo, T.L.; Lauritsen, T.; Soramel, F.; Lewis, J.M.; Riedinger, L.L.; Yu, C.H.; Garg, U.; Reviol, W.; Pilotte, S.; Bearden, I.G.; Daly, P.J.

1992-01-01

The study of superdeformed (SD) nuclei in the A ∼ 190 region has provided a wealth of new information on SD states at moderate to high spins (I ∼ 10 to 50 h). The dynamical moment of inertia for almost all of the SD bands reported on to date in this mass region display a similar behavior, i.e. a smooth increase with increasing rotational frequency. This increase has been attributed to both quasiparticle alignments and a decrease in pairing with increasing rotational frequency. However, standard mean-field calculations have problems reproducing the magnitude and extent of the rise. The authors' recent results on SD states in the Hg-Tl nuclei at and below the N = 112 SD-gap add support to this interpretation of the rise in the dynamical moment of inertia while at the same time showing more clearly the inadequacies of the previous theoretical calculations

Synthetical analysis of the spin assignment for the superdeformed bands in A≅190 region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Di Yaomin

2002-01-01

The spin assignment for the superdeformed bands of even-even nuclei in A ≅190 region is given by means of using the method of synthetical analysis. The I( I + 1) expression is used to fit the experimental data of the transition γ energies. In contrast to other procedure, the convergence process of the series expansions is put stress upon, whereas taking how many terms exactly in the expression does not emphasized. Moreover as well as the method of fitting the physical quantity, by use of these series expansions the moment of inertia of band heads is also calculated and then the systematics is used for the spin assignments. In practice, when the experimental data is abundant the systematics of the moment of inertia of band heads is more efficient than the method of fitting the physical quantity in the spin assignment. As for a few bands which spin assignment is difficult, the deviation from the typical rotational bands must be considered, which may be judged easily from the second class of moment of inertia of the bands. Finally the results of the spin assignment and the comparison with other literature are presented. These results should be more reliable

Superdeformation in {sup 191}Tl

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pilotte, S; Lewis, J M; Riedinger, L L; Yu, C H [Tennessee Univ., Knoxville, TN (United States). Dept. of Physics; Capenter, M P; Janssens, R V.F.; Khoo, T L; Lauritsen, T; Liang, Y; Soramel, F [Argonne National Lab., IL (United States). Physics Div.; Bearden, I G [Purdue Univ., Lafayette, IN (United States)

1992-08-01

High spin states in {sup 191}T1 have been populated via the {sup 159}Tb({sup 36}S,4n) reaction at 165 MeV. Two weak sequences of regularly spaced transitions have been identified. These bands exhibit many of the properties observed in many other superdeformed nuclei in the Hg region. (author). 23 refs., 5 figs.

Triaxial superdeformation in 40Ar

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Taniguchi, Yasutaka; Ikeda, Kiyomi; Kanada-En'yo, Yoshiko; Kimura, Masaaki; Horiuchi, Hisashi; Ideguchi, Eiji

2010-01-01

Superdeformed (SD) states in 40 Ar have been studied using the deformed-basis antisymmetrized molecular dynamics. Low-energy states were calculated by the parity and angular momentum projection and the generator coordinate method (GCM). Basis wave functions were obtained by the energy variation with a constraint on the quadrupole deformation parameter β, while other quantities such as triaxiality γ were optimized by the energy variation. By the GCM calculation, an SD band was obtained just above the ground-state band. The SD band involves a K π =2 + side band due to the triaxiality. The calculated electric quadrupole transition strengths of the SD band reproduce the experimental values appropriately. Triaxiality is significant for understanding low-lying states.

Coexistence of cluster structure and superdeformation in {sup 44}Ti

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kimura, Masaaki [Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan)]. E-mail: masaaki@yukawa.kyoto-u.ac.jp; Horiuchi, Hisashi [Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan)

2006-03-06

The nucleus {sup 44}Ti has low-lying levels of various kinds of mutually very different nuclear structure displaying the richness of the nuclear many-body dynamics. It is shown that the deformed-basis antisymmetrized molecular dynamics by the use of the Gogny D1S force reproduces successfully and unifiedly two types of coexistence phenomena in {sup 44}Ti. Namely, on one hand, the coexistence of the mean-field structure and the cluster structure is confirmed by verifying the normally deformed structure of the K{sup {pi}}=3{sub 1}{sup -} band with a 1-particle-1-hole intrinsic configuration and the {alpha}+Ca40 cluster structure of the K{sup {pi}}=0{sub 2}{sup -} band. The mixed character of the mean-field-like structure and the {alpha}+Ca40 cluster structure of the ground band is also shown. On the other hand, the coexistence of the normal deformed mean-field and the superdeformed mean-field is confirmed by verifying the triaxial superdeformation of the K{sup {pi}}=0{sub 2}{sup +} band and the K{sup {pi}}=2{sub 1}{sup +} band which has a 4-particle-4-hole intrinsic configuration. Good reproduction of the experimental data is shown for many kinds of quantities including the energy spectra, electric transition rates, alpha spectroscopic factors. Preliminary discussions are given on the existence of hyperdeformed excited states, the relation between superdeformation and clustering and so on.

Projected shell model description of N = 114 superdeformed isotone nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guo, R S; Chen, L M; Chou, C H

2006-01-01

A systematic description of the yrast superdeformed (SD) bands in N 114, Z = 80-84 isotone nuclei using the projected shell model is presented. The calculated γ-ray energies, moment of inertia and M1 transitions are compared with the data for which spin is assigned. Excellent agreement with the available data for all isotones is obtained. The calculated electromagnetic properties provide a microscopic understanding of those measured nuclei. Some predictions in superdeformed nuclei are also discussed

Microscopic descriptions of the superdeformed bands in the region A 190: Bohr and Routhian Hamiltonians in the Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov approximation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Libert, J.; Girod, M.; Delaroche, J-P.; Berger, J-F.; Romain, P.; Peru, S.

1997-01-01

The superdeformed bands of the nuclei in the region A = 190 were described by two microscopic approaches using Gogny D1 finite range interaction. The first one consists in building a Bohr Hamiltonian in the framework of Gauss overlap approximation (GOA) of the generator-coordinate method, starting from Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov solutions under quadrupole constraints. This collective Hamiltonian microscopically determined for five quadrupolar variables is then diagonalized by a projection method on a collective based adapted to the large variety of the deformations to be considered. A special attention was given to the precise definition of the under-barrier collective wavefunctions (for which an original method of solving the collective Schroedinger equation was developed) in order to described correctly the lifetime of the shape isomeric states. The other approach, that of Routhian is based also on the Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov approximation. The calculations are carried out with and without restoring the broken symmetry associated to the particle numbers (as given by Lipkin-Nogami). The results (excitation energies, moments of inertia, etc...) of the two calculation methods are compared with most recent experimental data. The existence of the superdeformed bands corresponding to vibrational excitations similar to those appearing in β and γ bands is proposed

16O + 16O + valence neutrons in molecular orbitals structures of positive- and negative-parity superdeformed bands in 34S

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Taniguchi, Yasutaka

2015-01-01

The structures of superdeformed (SD) states in 34 S have been investigated using the antisymmetrized molecular dynamics and generator coordinate method (GCM). The GCM basis wave functions are calculated via energy variation with a constraint on the quadrupole deformation parameter β. By applying the GCM after parity and angular momentum projections, the coexistence of two positive- and one negative-parity SD bands are predicted, and low-lying states and other deformed bands are obtained. The SD bands have structures of 16 O + 16 O + two valence neutrons in molecular orbitals around the two 16 O cores in a cluster picture. The configurations of the two valence neutrons are δ 2 and π 2 for the positive-parity SD bands and π 1 δ 1 for the negative-parity SD band. (author)

16O + 16O + valence neutrons in molecular orbitals structures of positive- and negative-parity superdeformed bands in 34S

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Taniguchi, Yasutaka

2014-01-01

The structures of superdeformed (SD) states in 34 S are investigated using the antisymmetrized molecular dynamics and generator coordinate method (GCM). The GCM basis wave functions are calculated via energy variation with a constraint on the quadrupole deformation parameter β. By applying the GCM after parity and angular momentum projections, the coexistence of two positive- and one negative-parity SD bands are predicted, and low-lying states and other deformed bands are obtained. The SD bands have structures of 16 O + 16 O + two valence neutrons in molecular orbitals around the two 16 O cores in a cluster picture. The configurations of the two valence neutrons are δ 2 and π 2 for the positive-parity SD bands and π 1 δ 1 for the negative-parity SD band

A new unexpected feature of superdeformed nuclei: strange degeneracies and their origin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dudek, J.

1990-01-01

Unexpected similarities between the superdeformed bands found recently in many nuclei of the mass A ∼ 150 and A ∼ 190 regions and the physical sense of this discovery are discussed. These similarities manifest themselves through the existence of nearly identical sequences of transitions belonging to two neighboring nuclei, and by now numerous nuclear pairs manifesting this feature have been found. The underlying microscopic mechanism is traced back to two independent effects: a readjustment of nuclear deformation diminishing the role of alignment of the least bound nucleus, and, the pseudospin symmetry, responsible for an approximate decoupling of the orbital and the intrinsic (pseudo) spin-degrees of freedom. 9 figs

Favored neutron excitations in superdeformed 147Gd

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Theisen, C.; Khadiri, N.; Vivien, J.P.; Ragnarsson, I.; Beausang, C.W.; Beck, F.A.; Belier, G.; Byrski, T.; Curien, D.; de France, G.; Disdier, D.; Duchene, G.; Finck, C.; Flibotte, S.; Gall, B.; Haas, B.; Hanine, H.; Herskind, B.; Kharraja, B.; Merdinger, J.C.; Nourreddine, A.; Nyako, B.M.; Perez, G.E.; Prevost, D.; Stezowski, O.; Rauch, V.; Rigollet, C.; Savajols, H.; Sharpey-Schafer, J.; Twin, P.J.; Wei, L.; Zuber, K.

1996-01-01

Four new superdeformed (SD) bands have been observed in 147 Gd using the EUROGAM II spectrometer. By comparison with 146,148,149 Gd SD bands, we use the effective alignment to assign excited band configurations, with the support of the Nilsson-Strutinsky cranking formalism. The effect of the crossing of the [642]5/2 and [651]1/2 neutron orbitals lying just below the magic N=86 SD shell gap has been investigated for the 146,147,148 Gd bands. Evidence for the [411]1/2 orbital is also given. copyright 1996 The American Physical Society

Search for entrance-channel dependence in the population of superdeformed bands in {sup 191}Hg

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Soramel, F.; Khoo, T.L.; Janssens, R.V.F. [and others

1995-08-01

The population intensity of some SD bands in the mass 150 region were observed to depend on the mass symmetry of the entrance channel in the fusion reaction. The authors raised the possibility that the population of SD bands had a memory of the entrance channel. To check this interesting possibility, we made measurements of the population intensities of superdeformed (SD) bands in the {sup 160}Gd({sup 36}S,5n){sup 191}Hg and {sup 130}Te({sup 64}Ni,3n){sup 191}Hg reactions. To ensure that any observed effect was not due to a simple angular momentum difference in the entrance channels, we also measured the average entry points and spin distributions of normal and SD states in {sup 191}Hg in the two reactions. The entry points and spin distributions for {sup 191}Hg are the same and, indeed, so are the SD intensities in the two reactions. Hence, no entrance-channel effect is observed in the population of the SD band in {sup 191}Hg, in contrast with data for SD bands in the mass 150 regions. We suggest that the effect observed previously in the mass 150 region is due to an angular momentum effect. A letter reporting our results was submitted for publication.

Superdeformed and high-spin nuclear structure data on the INTERNET

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Singh, B.; Firestone, R.B.; Chu, S.Y.F.

1997-01-01

With the advent of the large detector arrays GAMMASPHERE, EUROGAM, and GASP, a wealth of new information about the properties of nuclei at high spin has become available. Superdeformed and high-spin nuclear structure data and associated bibliographic information made available on INTERNET by the Isotopes Project at LBNL are described. The Table of Superdeformed Bands and Fission Isomers on the INTERNET will be updated continuously, and new recent reference lists will be provided approximately every three months. This information will also be published annually in the Table of Isotopes CD-ROM updates. (author)

Primary transitions between the yrast superdeformed band and low-lying normal deformed states in {sup 194}Pb

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hauschild, K.; Bernstein, L.A.; Becker, J.A. [Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (United States)] [and others

1996-12-31

The observation of one-step `primary` gamma-ray transitions directly linking the superdeformed (SD) states to the normal deformed (ND) low-lying states of known excitation energies (E{sub x}), spins and parities (J{sup {pi}}) is crucial to determining the E{sub x} and J{sup {pi}} of the SD states. With this knowledge one can begin to address some of the outstanding problems associated with SD nuclei, such as the identical band issue, and one can also place more stringent restrictions on theoretical calculations which predict SD states and their properties. Brinkman, et al., used the early implementation of the GAMMASPHERE spectrometer array (32 detectors) and proposed a single, candidate {gamma} ray linking the {sup 194}Pb yrast SD band to the low-lying ND states in {sup 194}Pb. Using 55 detectors in the GAMMASPHERE array Khoo, et al., observed multiple links between the yrast SD band in {sup 194}Hg and the low-lying level scheme and conclusively determined E{sub x} and J of the yrast SD states. Here the authors report on an experiment in which Gammasphere with 88 detectors was used and the E{sub x} and J{sup {pi}} values of the yrast SD states in {sup 194}Pb were uniquely determined. Twelve one-step linking transitions between the yrast SD band and low-lying states in {sup 194}Pb have been identified, including the transition proposed by Brinkman. These transitions have been placed in the level scheme of {sup 194}Pb using coincidence relationships and agreements between the energies of the primary transitions and the energy differences in level spacings. Furthermore, measurements of angular asymmetries have yielded the multipolarities of the primaries which have allowed J{sup {pi}} assignments of the {sup 194}Pb SD states to be unambiguously determined for the first time without a priori assumptions about the character of SD bands. A study performed in parallel to this work using the EUROGAM-II array reports similar, but somewhat less extensive, results.

Study of the superdeformed states of the gadolinium nuclei: neutron excitations in {sup 147}Gd nucleus; Etude des etats superdeformes de noyaux de Gadolinium: Excitations neutron dans le noyau {sup 147}Gd

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Khadiri, Najia [Institut de Recherche Subatomique, CNRS-IN2P3 - Universite Louis Pasteur, 67 - Strasbourg (France)

1997-10-17

This work is devoted to nuclear structure studies of superdeformed states in the second potential well. Under focus are the gadolinium isotopes and in particular the {sup 147}Gd nucleus. High spin states in {sup 147}Gd have been populating by {sup 122}Sn ({sup 30}Si,5n){sup 147}Gd fusion-evaporation reaction with a silicon beam of 158 MeV delivered by the VIVITRON accelerator of the Institut de Recherches Subatomiques. The nucleus {gamma} de-excitations have been measured using the EUROGAM II {gamma}-ray multidetector. On the basis of multiple coincidences, four new superdeformed (SD) rotational bands have been assigned to {sup 147}Gd nucleus. Nuclear structures corresponding to these bands have been investigated by shell model calculations using a harmonic oscillator potential with cranking, in the Nilsson Strutinsky formalism. Comparison of dynamical moments of inertia of band (1) and (5) in {sup 147}Gd with {sup 148}Gd(2) and {sup 146}Gd(1) SD bands has fixed the role of the [651 1/2]{alpha} = -1/2 orbital crossing frequency. Theoretical calculations reproduce quite well the {sup 148}Gd(2), {sup 127}Gd(1,5) and G{sup 146}Gd(1) dynamical moments of inertia. Using the particle hole excitation nature of {sup 149,148,147,146}Gd bands, effective spin alignment of [651 1/2]{alpha}= {+-}1/2, [770 1/2]{alpha} = -1/2 and [441 1/2]{alpha} = +1/2 orbitals have been deduced from the experiment in agreement with the theoretical values. Of particular interest, the spin alignment measured for the [441 1/2]{alpha} +1/2 orbital, with a value close to zero, is in contradiction with the value predicted by the Pseudo SU(3) model, formalism often used to explain the identical band phenomenon. (author) 68 refs., 41 figs., 17 tabs.

New quantum mechanisms exhibited by superdeformed nuclei and their interpretations in terms of mean field and further; Nouveaux mecanismes quantiques manifestes par les noyaux superdeformes et leurs interpretations en terme de champ moyen et au-dela

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

El Aouad, N

1994-06-01

Identical superdeformed bands and quantized alignments have been investigated using the deformed Woods-Saxon mean field and a method of solving `exactly` the nuclear many-body problem with rotation. With the first formalism, an analysis method have been developed to find nucleonic configurations for bands in nuclei {sup 151}Tb, for the first three bands in nuclei {sup 149}Gd and for the bands in {sup 132}Ce. This method includes the calculation of incremental alignment which was performed for the first time. Such an approach allows to reproduce the experimental results and give an argument that the nuclear structure employed is correct. With the second formalism, it is shown that the deformed standard average-field plus pairing Hamiltonian with an induced rotation term employed for long time in literature, generates numerous twinned bands. The appearance of the twinned bands is shown to be often accompanied by the quantized incremental alignment. (author) 57 figs., 20 tabs., 66 refs.

Feeding and decay of superdeformed states

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khoo, T.L.; Lauritsen, T.; Ahmad, I.; Carpenter, M.P.; Fernandez, P.B.; Janssens, R.V.F.; Moore, E.F.; Wolfs, F.L.H.; Benet, Ph.; Daly, P.J.; Beard, K.B.; Garg, U.; Ye, D.; Drigert, M.W.

1992-01-01

The mechanisms for feeding and decay of superdeformed (SD) bands are examined. Data connected with both processes in 192 Hg are compared with model calculations. The calculations successfully reproduce the data, suggesting that the mechanisms for both processes are understood. Constraints on the energy of the SD band energies and on the well-depths at low and high spins have been obtained. At the point of decay around spin 10, we suggest that the SD band is 3.3--4.3 MeV above the normal yrast line and that the well depths at spin 10 and 40 are 0.5--1.3 and 3.5--4.5 MeV, respectively

Excitation Energies of Superdeformed States in 196Pb: Towards a Systematic Study of the Second Well in Pb Isotopes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wilson, A.N.; Singh, A.K.; Huebel, H.; Rossbach, D.; Schonwasser, G.; Davidson, P.M.; Dracoulis, G.D.; Lane, G.J.; Goergen, A.; Korichi, A.; Hannachi, F.; Lopez-Martens, A.; Astier, A.; Azaiez, F.; Bourgeois, C.; Bazzacco, D.; Kroell, T.; Rossi-Alvarez, C.; Buforn, N.; Redon, N.

2005-01-01

The excitation energy of the lowest-energy superdeformed band in 196 Pb is established using the techniques of time-correlated γ-ray spectroscopy. Together with previous measurements on 192 Pb and 194 Pb, this result allows superdeformed excitation energies, binding energies, and two-proton and two-neutron separation energies to be studied systematically, providing stringent tests for current nuclear models. The results are examined for evidence of a 'superdeformed shell gap'

A comparative study of superdeformation in 146,147,148Gd. Possible manifestations of the pseudo-SU3 symmetry, octupole shape susceptibility and superdeformed deep-hole excitations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zuber, K.; Balouka, D.; Beck, F.A.; Byrski, T.; Curien, D.; France, G. de; Duchene, G.; Gehringer, C.; Haas, B.; Merdinger, J.C.; Romain, P.; Santos, D.; Styczen, J.; Vivien, J.P.; Dudek, J.; Szymanski, Z.; Werner, T.R.

1991-01-01

Two discrete superdeformed (SD) bands have been identified in the nucleus 147 Gd and the twin-band mechanism studied by comparison with SD results for 146,148 Gd. Theoretical interprettion in terms of nucleonic orbitals with the Woods-Saxon potential is consistent with the pseudo-spin symmetry picture and the octupole susceptibility mechanism predicted by theory. (orig.)

Nuclear superdeformation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nazarewicz, W.; Tennessee Univ., Knoxville, TN

1992-01-01

In the year 1986 new types of exotic states, the so-called superdeformed states, were discovered in fast rotating heavy atomic nuclei. They are characterized by an unusually large distortion (comparable to that appearing in fissioning isomers) and occur at high angular momenta. A sizeable amount of high-spin data on superdeformed states makes it possible, for the first time, to test many fine details of the shell structure at very large elongations and very high angular momentum

Proton configurations and pairing correlations at the N=80 superdeformed shell closure: Study of 145Tb

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mullins, S.M.; Schmeing, N.C.; Flibotte, S.; Hackman, G.; Rodriguez, J.L.; Waddington, J.C.; Yao, L.; Andrews, H.R.; Galindo-Uribarri, A.; Janzen, V.P.; Radford, D.C.; Ward, D.; DeGraaf, J.; Drake, T.E.; Pilotte, S.; Paul, E.S.

1994-01-01

A superdeformed band has been observed in the N=80 nucleus 145 Tb which was produced with the reactions 112 Sn( 37 Cl,2p2n) and 118 Sn( 31 P,4n) at bombarding energies of 187 and 160 MeV, respectively. Since superdeformed bands also exist in the three lighter N=80 isotones 142 Sm, 143 Eu, and 144 Gd, it is now possible to understand the valence-proton configurations of these bands in a systematic way. The T (2) dynamic moment of inertia in 145 Tb shows no evidence for the N = 6 quasiproton crossing that is observed in 144 Gd. Comparison with cranked Woods-Saxon and total Routhian surface calculations suggests that the proton configuration in 145 Tb is 6 1 direct-product[404] 9/2 + 2 in which the quasiproton crossing is blocked. Furthermore, like 143 Eu and 142 Sm, there is no evidence in the T (2) for the N=6 quasineutron crossing predicted by the calculations. This may indicate that static neutron pairing correlations are quenched at the N=80 superdeformed shell closure

Octupole correlations in neutron-rich {sup 143,145}Ba and a type of superdeformed band in {sup 145}Ba

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhu, S.J.; Wang, M.G.; Long, G.L.; Zhu, L.Y.; Gan, C.Y.; Yang, L.M.; Sakhaee, M.; Li, M.; Deng, J.K. [Physics Department, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, Peoples Republic of (China); Zhu, S.J.; Hamilton, J.H.; Ramayya, A.V.; Jones, E.F.; Hwang, J.K.; Zhang, X.Q.; Gore, P.M.; Peker, L.K.; Drafta, G.; Babu, B.R.; Deng, J.K.; Ginter, T.N.; Beyer, C.J.; Kormicki, J.; Ter-Akopian, G.M.; Daniel, A.V. [Physics Department, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235 (United States); Zhu, S.J.; Ter-Akopian, G.M.; Daniel, A.V. [Joint Institute for Heavy Ion Research, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 (United States); Ma, W.C. [Physics Department, Mississippi State University, Mississippi 39762 (United States); Cole, J.D.; Aryaeinejad, R.; Drigert, M.W. [Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415 (United States); Rasmussen, J.O.; Asztalos, S.; Lee, I.Y.; Macchiavelli, A.O.; Chu, S.Y.; Gregorich, K.E.; Mohar, M.F. [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (United States); Ter-Akopian, G.M.; Daniel, A.V.; Oganessian, Y.T.; Kliman, J. [Flerov Laboratory for Nuclear Reactions, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna (Russia); Donangelo, R. [Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68528, RG (Brazil); Stoyer, M.A.; Lougheed, R.W.; Moody, K.J.; Wild, J.F. [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550 (United States); Prussin, S.G. [Nuclear Engineering Department, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 (United States); Kliman, J. [Institute of Physics, SASc, Dubravskacesta 9, 84228 Bratislava (Slovakia); Griffin, H.C. [University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104 (United States)

1999-11-01

High spin states in neutron-rich odd-{ital Z} {sup 143,145}Ba nuclei have been investigated from the study of prompt {gamma} rays in the spontaneous fission of {sup 252}Cf by using {gamma}-{gamma}- and {gamma}-{gamma}-{gamma}- coincidence techniques. Alternating parity bands are identified for the first time in {sup 145}Ba and extended in {sup 143}Ba. A new side band, with equal, constant dynamic, and kinetic moments of inertia equal to the rigid body value, as found in superdeformed bands, is discovered in {sup 145}Ba. Enhanced E1 transitions between the negative- and positive-parity bands in these nuclei give evidence for strong octupole deformation in {sup 143}Ba and in {sup 145}Ba. These collective bands show competition and coexistence between symmetric and asymmetric shapes in {sup 145}Ba. Evidence is found for crossing M1 and E1 transitions between the s=+i and s={minus}i doublets in {sup 143}Ba. {copyright} {ital 1999} {ital The American Physical Society}

A comparative study of superdeformation in sup 146,147,148 Gd. Possible manifestations of the pseudo-SU sub 3 symmetry, octupole shape susceptibility and superdeformed deep-hole excitations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zuber, K.; Balouka, D.; Beck, F.A.; Byrski, T.; Curien, D.; France, G. de; Duchene, G.; Gehringer, C.; Haas, B.; Merdinger, J.C.; Romain, P.; Santos, D.; Styczen, J.; Vivien, J.P.; Dudek, J.; Szymanski, Z.; Werner, T.R. (Strasbourg-1 Univ., 67 (France). Centre de Recherches Nucleaires)

1991-01-24

Two discrete superdeformed (SD) bands have been identified in the nucleus {sup 147}Gd and the twin-band mechanism studied by comparison with SD results for {sup 146,148}Gd. Theoretical interprettion in terms of nucleonic orbitals with the Woods-Saxon potential is consistent with the pseudo-spin symmetry picture and the octupole susceptibility mechanism predicted by theory. (orig.).

Octupole correlations in superdeformed states

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakatsukasa, T; Arita, K; Matsuyanagi, K [Kyoto Univ. (Japan). Dept. of Physics; Mizutori, S [Tokyo Univ., Tanashi (Japan). Inst. for Nuclear Study; Shimizu, Y R [Kyushu Univ., Fukuoka (Japan). Dept. of Physics

1992-08-01

We suggest that properties of single-particle motions in superdeformed nuclei may be significantly affected by coupling effects with low-frequency octupole vibrational modes with K = 0, 1, 2 and 3. We also indicate a possible relationship between octupole instability of superdeformed shape and supershell effects. In this connection, stability of classical periodic orbits and of KAM tori for single-particle motions in a reflection-asymmetric superdeformed potential are investigated. (author). 12 refs., 9 figs.

Properties of superdeformed bands in the {sup 151}Tb nucleus studied with the EUROGAM French-British spectrometer; Proprietes des bandes superdeformees dans le noyau de {sup 151}Tb etudiees avec le spectrometre franco-britannique EUROGAM

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Finck, Christian [Centre de Recherches Nucleaires de Strasbourg-Cronenbourg, 67 (France)

1997-04-24

The subject of this thesis is the study of superdeformation (SD) of the atomic nucleus. In the mass region A {approx_equal} 150 those nuclei have a quadrupole deformation of about 0.6. However, this value is an average and the microscopic structure reflected in the band configurations, affects this deformation. Determination of this value by electric quadrupole moment studies is particularly useful especially for the identical SD bands (SD bands belonging to neighbouring nuclei and having the same moment of inertia). Knowledge of the different quadrupole deformation should shed light on the competition between mass difference, spin alignment and deformation of the nucleus. The electric quadrupole moments are deduced from lifetime measurements of the SD states using the Doppler Shift Attenuation Method. Experimentally, one observes a variation in the electric quadrupole moments of the lowest SD states which suggests a gradual change of the nuclear deformation towards normal less deformed shapes. The deexcitation mechanism is poorly understood in the A {approx_equal} 150 mass region due to lack of experimental information: up to now, no transition connecting the second and the first potential well has been observed for these SD states. Experimental studies of deexcitation patterns of SD bands are therefore crucial to fix the decay-out mechanism. Experimental data on the {sup 151}Tb nucleus were collected via fusion-evaporation reaction, using the EUROGAM phase II array. (author) 121 refs., 61 figs., 22 tabs.

Search for superdeformation in {sup 144,145}Gd

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rzaca-Urban, T [Warsaw Univ. (Poland); Lieder, R M; Strahle, K; Utzelmann, S; Gast, W; Kutchin, D; Schnare, H [Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH (Germany). Inst. fuer Kernphysik; Georgiev, A [Sofia Univ. (Bulgaria); Marti, G [Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, Buenos Aires (Argentina). Dept. de Fisica; Spohr, K [Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH (Germany). Inst. fuer Kernphysik; [Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin GmbH (Germany); Brentano, P; Eberth, J; Eschenauer, M; Freund, S; Ott, E; Theuerkauf, J; Wolters, H; Zell, K O [Koeln Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Kernphysik; Maier, K H; Grave, H; Bach, C; Heese, J; Kluge, H; Schramm, M; Schubarth, R [Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin GmbH (Germany)

1992-08-01

Two experiments were performed and analyzed to search for superdeformation band in {sup 144,145}Gd by bombarding {sup 108,110}Pd targets with {sup 40A}r ions with energies of 182 and 189 MeV respectively, at the VICKSI accelerator of the Hahn-Meitner Institut, Berlin. The gamma radiation was measured with the OSIRIS spectrometer. An extended level system was proposed. 8 refs., 2 figs.

Lifetimes of the low spin states in the superdeformed band of {sup 192}Hg

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, I Y; Baktash, C; Cullen, D; Garrett, J D; Johnson, N R; McGowan, F K; Winchell, D F [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States); Yu, C H [Tennessee Univ., Knoxville, TN (United States)

1992-08-01

Superdeformed (SD) states with a 2:1 axis ratio have been observed in nuclei in the A = 150, 190, and the actinide regions. These states depopulate into normally deformed (ND) states by gamma decay, but so far the linking transitions have not been observed and the depopulation mechanism is not fully understood. Nuclei in different mass regions decay out at states with different spin (I), excitation energy above the ND yrast line (U) and lifetime {tau}. This variation is due to differences in the nuclear properties such as the barrier penetration probability, the level densities and the gamma transition strength of SD and ND states. One important factor is the competition between the collective E2 decay along the SD band and the statistical decay to the ND states. These transition rates, or the partial lifetimes, can be determined if the lifetime and the intensity of the gamma rays depopulating the SD states are known. (author). 4 refs., 2 tabs., 2 figs.

Microscopic mechanism of identical multi-quasiparticle bands

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lei Yian; Zhao Enguang; Zeng Jinyan

1997-01-01

Identical one-quasiparticle and two-quasiparticle bands in neighboring odd-and even-mass nuclei are recognized; The intrinsic structure of identical bands is demonstrated by using the particle-number-conserving (PNC) treatment. The occurrence of almost identical moments of inertia is the result of competition among the shell effect (including shape variation), pairing (anti-alignment) effect and blocking (anti-pairing) effect. The observed moments of inertia of identical multi-quasiparticle bands are reproduced quite well by the PNC calculation

Superdeformation in the mercury region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chasman, R.R.

1990-01-01

A brief history of superdeformation is presented. Calculations of superdeformed well depths, single particle energy level diagrams at I = 0, orbital alignments as a function of rotational frequency and dynamical moments of inertia are presented. The sensitivity of calculations to the details of the spin-orbit interaction are examined. Comparisons with experimental results are made. 37 refs., 9 figs

Shell model calculations at superdeformed shapes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nazarewicz, W.; Dobaczewski, J.; Van Isacker, P.

1991-01-01

Spectroscopy of superdeformed nuclear states opens up an exciting possibility to probe new properties of the nuclear mean field. In particular, the unusually deformed atomic nucleus can serve as a microscopic laboratory of quantum-mechanical symmetries of a three dimensional harmonic oscillator. The classifications and coupling schemes characteristic of weakly deformed systems are expected to be modified in the superdeformed world. The ''superdeformed'' symmetries lead to new quantum numbers and new effective interactions that can be employed in microscopic calculations. New classification schemes can be directly related to certain geometrical properties of the nuclear shape. 63 refs., 7 figs

Microscopic descriptions of the superdeformed bands in the region A 190: Bohr and Routhian Hamiltonians in the Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov approximation; Descriptions microscopiques des bandes superdeformees dans la region A 190: Hamiltonien de Bohr et Routhian a l`approximation de Hartee-Fock-Bogolyubov

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Libert, J. [Centre d`Etudes Nucleaires, Bordeaux-1 Univ., 33 Gradignan (France); Girod, M.; Delaroche, J-P.; Berger, J-F.; Romain, P.; Peru, S. [CEA Centre d`Etudes de Bruyeres-le-Chatel, 91 (France)

1997-06-01

The superdeformed bands of the nuclei in the region A = 190 were described by two microscopic approaches using Gogny D1 finite range interaction. The first one consists in building a Bohr Hamiltonian in the framework of Gauss overlap approximation (GOA) of the generator-coordinate method, starting from Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov solutions under quadrupole constraints. This collective Hamiltonian microscopically determined for five quadrupolar variables is then diagonalized by a projection method on a collective based adapted to the large variety of the deformations to be considered. A special attention was given to the precise definition of the under-barrier collective wavefunctions (for which an original method of solving the collective Schroedinger equation was developed) in order to described correctly the lifetime of the shape isomeric states. The other approach, that of Routhian is based also on the Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov approximation. The calculations are carried out with and without restoring the broken symmetry associated to the particle numbers (as given by Lipkin-Nogami). The results (excitation energies, moments of inertia, etc...) of the two calculation methods are compared with most recent experimental data. The existence of the superdeformed bands corresponding to vibrational excitations similar to those appearing in {beta} and {gamma} bands is proposed

Pairing field and moments of inertia of superdeformed nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen Yongjing; Chen Yongshou; Xu Fuxin

2002-01-01

The authors have systematically analysed the dynamic moments of inertia of the experimental superdeformed (SD) bands observed in the A = 190, 150 and 60-80 mass regions as functions of rotational frequency. By combining the different mass regions, the dramatic features of the dynamic moments of inertia were found and explained based on the calculations of the pairing fields of SD nuclei with the anisotropic harmonic oscillator quadrupole pairing Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov model

From superdeformation to clusters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Betts, R.R.

1992-01-01

Much of the discussion at this conference has centered on the topic of superdeformed states in nuclei, and their study with the exquisitely precise tool of gamma ray spectroscopy, carried out with state-of-the-art detector arrays. In the usual way in which superdeformed states are populated, via compound nucleus formation and evaporation, gamma decay is the last process to occur in the decay chain. In some other sense, it is also the last to occur in the meaning of least likely

Two-particle separation energy trends in the superdeformed well.

Science.gov (United States)

Wilson, A N; Korichi, A; Siem, S; Astier, A; Bazzacco, D; Bednarczyk, P; Bergström, M H; Chmel, S; Cullen, D M; Davidson, P M; Görgen, A; Hannachi, F; Hübel, H; Kintz, N; Lauritsen, T; Lopez-Martens, A; Lunardi, S; Naguleswaran, S; Nyakó, B M; Rejmund, M; Schönwasser, G; Schück, C; Sharpey-Schafer, J F; Timar, J; Wadsworth, R; Libert, J

2010-04-23

A measurement of the energy and spin of superdeformed states in 190Hg, obtained through the observation of transitions directly linking superdeformed and normal states, expands the number of isotopes in which binding energies at superdeformation are known. Comparison with neighboring nuclei shows that two-proton separation energies are higher in the superdeformed state than in the normal state, despite the lower Coulomb barrier and lower total binding energy. This unexpected result provides a critical test for nuclear models.

Evidence for octupole vibration in the superdeformed well of {sup 190}Hg from eurogam

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Crowell, B.; Carpenter, M.P.; Janssens, R.V.F. [and others

1995-08-01

Gammasphere experiments in 1993-94 brought to light the existence of an excited superdeformed (SD) band in {sup 190}Hg with the unusual property of decaying entirely to the lowest (yrast) SD band over 3-4 transitions, rather than to the normally deformed states as is usually the case in the A {approximately} 150 and A {approximately} 190 regions of superdeformation. Although M1 transitions between signature-partner SD bands were previously observed in {sup 193}Hg, no such mechanism was available to explain the situation in the even-even nucleus {sup 190}Hg, whose yrast SD band has no signature partner. The best explanation appears to lie in long-standing theoretical predictions that the SD minimum in the potential energy surface would be quite soft with respect to octupole vibrations. This would lead to enhanced E1 transitions connecting the one-phonon and zero-phonon states. The data and this interpretation were published. A shortcoming of the Gammasphere experiments was that they did not allow the definitive measurement of the energies of the gamma-ray transitions connecting the two bands, due to the very weak population of the excited band ({approximately}0.05% of the {sup 190}Hg channel) and also partly, we believed, to the angular distributions of the transitions, which were peaked near 90 degrees, where Gammasphere had few detectors.

Two-particle separation energy trends in the superdeformed well.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wilson, A. N.; Korichi, A.; Siem, S.; Astier, A.; Bazzacco, D.; Lauristen, T.; Physics; Australian National Univ.; CSNSM-IN2P3-CNRS; Univ. of Oslo; IPN Lyon; INFN

2010-04-23

A measurement of the energy and spin of superdeformed states in {sup 190}Hg, obtained through the observation of transitions directly linking superdeformed and normal states, expands the number of isotopes in which binding energies at superdeformation are known. Comparison with neighboring nuclei shows that two-proton separation energies are higher in the superdeformed state than in the normal state, despite the lower Coulomb barrier and lower total binding energy. This unexpected result provides a critical test for nuclear models.

On the feeding and spectroscopy of superdeformed states

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aberg, S.

1987-03-01

Based on a cranked Nilsson calculation we discuss some spectroscopic properties of superdeformed nuclei, like quadrupole moments, g-factors, energies and moments of inertia. In light of recent experimental information about superdeformations in 152 Dy, possible feeding mechanisms of these states are discussed. The high-spin level density is calculated in a microscopic model, and the number of superdeformed states, compared to normal-deformed states, is found to be high for high spins and for low excitation energies. This suggests favoured regions in the (E exc ,I)-plane for the feeding of superdeformed states. A microscopic model for rotational damping is presented, and the E2-strength function up to about 4 MeV excitation energy is studied. The rotatinal cooling at 1 ≅ 50 in the superdeformed HD Dy is found to be much smaller than in the normal-deformed 168 Yb. (orig.)

Superdeformed bands in /sup 150/Gd and /sup 151/Tb: Evidence for the influence of high-N intruder states at large deformations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fallon, P.; Alderson, A.; Bentley, M.A.; Bruce, A.M.; Forsyth, P.D.; Howe, D.; Roberts, J.W.; Sharpey-Schafer, J.F.; Twin, P.J.; Beck, F.A.

1989-02-16

Rotational bands, characteristic of a superdeformed prolate shape (epsilon approx. = 0.6) and extending to above spin 60 Planck constant, have been observed in both /sup 150/Gd and /sup 151/Tb. The magnitudes of the moments of inertia I/sup (2)/ were found to vary with frequency and the variation greatly exceeded that seen in /sup 148,149/Gd and /sup 151,152/Dy. The differences in the I/sup (2)/'s are attributed to the occupation of particular high-N orbitals. Moreover, contrary to the previous examples the bands in both /sup 150/Gd and /sup 151/Tb de-excited at a much higher rotational frequency of Planck constant..omega.. approx. = 0.4 MeV and this may indicate that the pair gap extends to higher frequencies in /sup 150/Gd and /sup 151/Tb.

Identical high- K three-quasiparticle rotational bands

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kaur, Harjeet; Singh, Pardeep [Guru Nanak Dev University, Department of Physics, Amritsar (India)

2016-12-15

A comprehensive study of high-K three-quasiparticle rotational bands in odd-A nuclei indicates the similarity in γ-ray energies and dynamic moment of inertia I{sup (2)}. The extent of the identicality between the rotational bands is evaluated by using the energy factor method. For nuclei pairs exhibiting identical bands, the average relative change in the dynamic moment of inertia I{sup (2)} is also determined. The identical behaviour shown by these bands is attributed to the interplay of nuclear structure parameters: deformation and the pairing correlations. Also, experimental trend of the I(ℎ) vs. ℎω (MeV) plot for these nuclei pairs is shown to be in agreement with Tilted-Axis Cranking (TAC) model calculations. (orig.)

The superdeformed isotope chains in the rare-earth region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dong Baoguo; Chen Yongshou; Jin Xingnan

1990-01-01

Self-consistent calculations with respect to ε 2 and γ based on the cranked Nilsson model were done systematically for the superdeformed rotational states of nuclei in the rare-earth region. The results indicate that there exist a number of super-deformed isotope chains with neutron number N = 80-86 and quadrupole deformation ε 2 0.5-0.6. The calculated minimum angular momentum at which the superdeformed state becomes yrast has an average value of 60 ℎ and increases as the number of neutron increases within the chain. The calculation of shell correction energy surface indicates that the contribution of the neutron system is mostly responsible for the super-deformation

Identical and shifted identical bands

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dodder, R.S; Jones, E.F.; Hamilton, J.H.

1997-01-01

Spontaneous fission of 252 Cm was studied with 72 large Compton suppressed Ge detectors in Gamma sphere. New isotopes 160 Sm and 162 Gd were identified. Through X-ray-γ and γ-γ-γ) coincidence measurements, level energies were established to spins 14 + to 20 + in 152 , 154 156 60 Nd 92 94 96 , 156 , 158 , 160 62 Sm 94 , 96 , 98 , and 160 , 162 64 Gd 96 , 98 . These nuclei exhibit a remarkable variety of identical bands and bands where the energies and moments of inertia are shifted by the same constant amount for every spin state from 2 + to 12 + for various combinations of nuclei differing by 2n, 4n, 2p, 4p, and α

Search and analysis of superdeformed and oblate states in 193Pb nucleus with the EUROGAM II multidetector array

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ducroux, L.

1997-01-01

This work is devoted to the search and analysis of superdeformed and oblate states in 193 Pb nucleus. High spin states of this isotope, populated via fusion-evaporation reaction 168 Er ( 30 Si, 5n) 193 Pb, have been studied with the EUROGAM II γ multidetector array located near the VIVITRON accelerator in Strasbourg. New sorting and analysis programs have been developed in particular related to the background treatment. Angular distribution and linear polarisation analysis allowed us to assign the γ transition multipolarities. Five dipole bands, corresponding to a weakly oblate-deformed shape of the nucleus, have been observed and connected to the low-lying states. The level scheme has been considerably extended up to a spin of 61/2 ℎ and an excitation energy of about 8 MeV. These structures have been interpreted as based on a high-K two-quasi-proton excitation coupled to rotation aligned quasi-neutrons. Six superdeformed bands, corresponding to a high prolate-deformed shape of the nucleus, have been observed. These six bands have been interpreted as three pairs of signature partners based on quasineutron excitations. The extraction of the g-factor of a K=9/2 neutron superdeformed orbital has been done for the first time in lead isotopes, giving access to the magnetic properties of the extreme nuclear matter. All these results have been discussed in terms of microscopic mean field self-consistent Hartree-Fock calculations using the microscopic 'rotor + particle(s)' model. (author)

Kπ=1+ pairing interaction and moments of inertia of superdeformed rotational bands in atomic nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hamamoto, I.; Nazarewicz, W.

1994-01-01

The effect of the pairing interaction coming from the rotationally induced K π =1 + pair-density on the nuclear moments of inertia is studied. It is pointed out that, contrary to the situation at normal deformations, the inclusion of the K π =1 + pairing may appreciably modify the frequency dependence of the moments of inertia at superdeformed shapes

RDDS lifetime measurements of low-lying superdeformed states in {sup 194}Hg

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kuehn, R.; Dewald, A.; Kruecken, R. [Universitaet Koeln (Germany)] [and others

1996-12-31

The lifetimes of three low-lying states in the superdeformed (SD) yrast band of {sup 194}Hg were measured by the recoil-distance Doppler-shift method. The deduced transition quadrupole moments, Q{sub t}, equal those extracted from a DSAM measurement for the high-lying states of the band corroborate the assumption that the decay out of SD bands does not strongly affect the structure of the corresponding states. By a simple mixing-model the decay can be described assuming a very small admixture of normal-deformed (ND) states to the decaying SD states. The deduced ND mixing amplitudes for the yrast SD bands in {sup 192,194}Hg and {sup 194}Pb are presented along with average transition quadrupole moments for the lower parts of the excited SD bands.

Search and analysis of superdeformed and oblate states in {sup 193}Pb nucleus with the EUROGAM II multidetector array; Recherche et analyse des etats superdeformes et aplatis dans le noyau {sup 193}Pb a l'aide du multidetecteur EUROGAM II

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ducroux, L. [Lyon-1 Univ., 69 - Villeurbanne (France). Inst. de Physique Nucleaire]|[Universite Claude Bernard, 69 - Lyon (France)

1997-01-09

This work is devoted to the search and analysis of superdeformed and oblate states in {sup 193}Pb nucleus. High spin states of this isotope, populated via fusion-evaporation reaction {sup 168}Er ({sup 30}Si, 5n) {sup 193}Pb, have been studied with the EUROGAM II {gamma} multidetector array located near the VIVITRON accelerator in Strasbourg. New sorting and analysis programs have been developed in particular related to the background treatment. Angular distribution and linear polarisation analysis allowed us to assign the {gamma} transition multipolarities. Five dipole bands, corresponding to a weakly oblate-deformed shape of the nucleus, have been observed and connected to the low-lying states. The level scheme has been considerably extended up to a spin of 61/2 {Dirac_h} and an excitation energy of about 8 MeV. These structures have been interpreted as based on a high-K two-quasi-proton excitation coupled to rotation aligned quasi-neutrons. Six superdeformed bands, corresponding to a high prolate-deformed shape of the nucleus, have been observed. These six bands have been interpreted as three pairs of signature partners based on quasineutron excitations. The extraction of the g-factor of a K=9/2 neutron superdeformed orbital has been done for the first time in lead isotopes, giving access to the magnetic properties of the extreme nuclear matter. All these results have been discussed in terms of microscopic mean field self-consistent Hartree-Fock calculations using the microscopic 'rotor + particle(s)' model. (author)

Search and analysis of superdeformed and oblate states in {sup 193}Pb nucleus with the EUROGAM II multidetector array; Recherche et analyse des etats superdeformes et aplatis dans le noyau {sup 193}Pb a l'aide du multidetecteur EUROGAM II

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ducroux, L [Lyon-1 Univ., 69 - Villeurbanne (France). Inst. de Physique Nucleaire; [Universite Claude Bernard, 69 - Lyon (France)

1997-01-09

This work is devoted to the search and analysis of superdeformed and oblate states in {sup 193}Pb nucleus. High spin states of this isotope, populated via fusion-evaporation reaction {sup 168}Er ({sup 30}Si, 5n) {sup 193}Pb, have been studied with the EUROGAM II {gamma} multidetector array located near the VIVITRON accelerator in Strasbourg. New sorting and analysis programs have been developed in particular related to the background treatment. Angular distribution and linear polarisation analysis allowed us to assign the {gamma} transition multipolarities. Five dipole bands, corresponding to a weakly oblate-deformed shape of the nucleus, have been observed and connected to the low-lying states. The level scheme has been considerably extended up to a spin of 61/2 {Dirac_h} and an excitation energy of about 8 MeV. These structures have been interpreted as based on a high-K two-quasi-proton excitation coupled to rotation aligned quasi-neutrons. Six superdeformed bands, corresponding to a high prolate-deformed shape of the nucleus, have been observed. These six bands have been interpreted as three pairs of signature partners based on quasineutron excitations. The extraction of the g-factor of a K=9/2 neutron superdeformed orbital has been done for the first time in lead isotopes, giving access to the magnetic properties of the extreme nuclear matter. All these results have been discussed in terms of microscopic mean field self-consistent Hartree-Fock calculations using the microscopic 'rotor + particle(s)' model. (author)

Identical gamma-vibrational bands in {sup 165}Ho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Radford, D.C.; Galindo-Uribarri, A.; Janzen, V.P. [Chalk River Labs., Ontario (Canada)] [and others

1996-12-31

The structure of {sup 165}Ho at moderate spins has been investigated by means of Coulomb excitation. Two {gamma}-vibrational bands (K{sup {pi}} = 11/2{sup {minus}} and K{sup {pi}} = 3/2{sup {minus}}) are observed, with very nearly identical in-band {gamma}-ray energies. Gamma-ray branching ratios are analyzed to extract information on Coriolis mixing, and the role of the K quantum number in identical bands is discussed.

Staggering in signature partners of A∼190 mass region of superdeformed rotational bands

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Uma, V.S.; Goel, Alpana; Yadav, Archana

2014-01-01

This paper discuss about ΔI=1 signature splitting in signature partner pairs of A∼190 mass region. Around twenty signature partner pairs (usually called as two bands, each with a fixed signature) have been reported in this mass region. For these signature pairs, band head moment of inertia (J 0 ) and intrinsic structure of each pair of signature partners have been found as almost identical. Also, these signature partner pairs showed large amplitude signature splitting. As each of the two signature partner forms a regular spin sequence and signature bands are not equivalent in terms of energies. This difference in energies results in signature splitting

Necked-in superdeformed nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Joensson, L.O.

1997-03-01

In this dissertation the possibility of forming superdeformed states related to two connected spheres, having a more or less pronounced neck, is investigated. Detailed Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations with the cranked Woods-Saxon potential and a finite-range liquid drop model are carried out in the 180 Hg region, where superdeformed states related to two overlapping 90 Zr are predicted. Detailed spectroscopic properties are calculated. The effect of the necking degree of freedom on the giant dipole resonance, GDR, is investigated. The calculations are carried out with the Woods-saxon potential for the single-particle states, and the random phase approximation formalism for the phonon states. The residual interaction and coupling constants are determined by requirements of transitional invariance. The lower energy component of the GDR spectrum for superdeformed shapes, corresponding to vibrations along the symmetry axis, is diminished with increasing necking, and the mean energy of the GDR is increased. The folded Yukawa-plus-exponential liquid drop models take into account the finite range of the nuclear force, which is important when elongated and necked-in nuclear shapes are considered. However, it is shown that they are unstable towards higher multipole deformations, and that unphysical shapes are obtained in free minimizations when too high multipole deformations are included. Limits on multipolarity are given as functions of mass number. 9 refs., 4 figs

Decay-out from low-lying superdeformed bands in Pb isotopes: Tunneling widths in a two-level mixing model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wilson, A.N.; Davidson, P.M.

2004-01-01

A recently developed two-level mixing model of superdeformed decay is applied to evaluate the tunneling width between the superdeformed and normally deformed potential wells in 192 Pb and 194 Pb. Estimates are made of level densities and γ decay widths for levels in the normally deformed well, which are required for evaluation of the model. Experimental quasicontinuum results are used to suggest a spin-dependent reduction of the energy gap in the level spectrum, resulting in approximately constant level densities and decay widths in the normal well over the decay-out region for each isotope. However, it transpires that the model's prediction of the tunneling width is nearly independent of the normally deformed state widths for both isotopes. This observation is used to extract potential barrier heights for the two nuclei that depend mainly on experimentally determined values

Individual and collective excitations in the superdeformed nuclei of the 190 mass region; Excitations individuelles et collectives dans les noyaux superdeformes de la region de masse 190

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bouneau, Sandra [Inst. de Physique Nucleaire, Paris-11 Univ., 91 - Orsay (France)

1997-04-11

This work aims at the study of different excitation modes, individual and collective, in superdeformed (SD) nuclei in the mass 190 region. The study of {sup 193}Tl and {sup 195,196,197}Bi SD nuclei brought information concerning individual excitation around the proton and neutron SD gaps Z = 80 - 82 and N = 112. Also, the study of the nucleus {sup 196}Pb revealed excited SD states built on collective vibrations. Concerning the isotope {sup 193}Tl, magnetic property analysis has been performed and allowed us to identify the proton intruder orbital {pi}i{sub 13/2} on which the two known SD the bands of the nucleus are build. It was possible to separate experimentally the relative contribution of proton and neutron pairing to the dynamic moment of inertia. Several {gamma} transition of high energy (about 3 MeV) linking SD states to normal deformed states (ND) and three new SD bands have been found in this nucleus. These SD bands have been interpreted in terms of individual excitations of the single proton on different orbitals identified above the proton SD gap Z = 80. An interaction between the states of two excited SD band have been observed and its strength measured. All these results (gyromagnetic factor, the role of nuclear pairing, excitation energy of the SD well, the interaction between two orbitals) represent information of theoretical interest. In each isotope {sup 195-197}Bi, one SD band has been discovered. They have been also interpreted in terms of individual excitation implying the same proton state. The study of this nuclei brought the first experimental proof that the superdeformation phenomenon persists above the shell closure Z = 82. In {sup 196}Pb nucleus a new excited SD band has been discovered. Observations are mentioned suggesting that we have to consider excitations different from those based on individual ones. An interpretation based on vibrational modes can explain both the low energy measured of the excited states in respect with the SD

First evidence for triaxial superdeformation in sup 1 sup 6 sup 1 Lu and sup 1 sup 6 sup 2 Lu

CERN Document Server

Bringel, P; Domscheit, J; Neusser, A; Schoenwasser, G; Singh, A K; Amro, H; Axiotis, M; Kröll, T; Napoli, D R; Bazzacco, D; Lunardi, S; Ur, C; Bhattacharya, S; Bhowmik, R; Hagemann, G B; Jensen, D R; Pancholi, S C; Petrache, C M

2003-01-01

High-spin states in sup 1 sup 6 sup 1 Lu and sup 1 sup 6 sup 2 Lu have been investigated using the GASP gamma-ray spectrometer array. Excited states in these nuclei have been populated through the sup 1 sup 0 sup 0 Mo( sup 6 sup 5 Cu, xn) reaction at a beam energy of 260 MeV. Four presumably triaxial superdeformed bands, three in sup 1 sup 6 sup 2 Lu and one in sup 1 sup 6 sup 1 Lu, have been observed. This is the first evidence for triaxial superdeformation in the two isotopes. (orig.)

Strength distribution of γ-transitions deexciting superdeformed rotational bands

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lopez-Martens, A.P.; Doesing, T.; Khoo, T.L.; Korichi, A.; Hannachi, F.; Calderin, I.J.; Lauritsen, T.; Ahmad, I.; Carpenter, M.P.; Fischer, S.M.; Hackman, G.; Janssens, R.V.F.; Nisius, D.; Reiter, P.; Amro, H.; Moore, E.F.

1999-01-01

The strength distribution of the γ rays in the decay-out from superdeformed (SD) states is investigated by applying the maximum likelihood method, with special emphasis on the influence of the lower threshold given by experimental conditions. Clear graphical solutions are found, and a careful estimation of the dispersion in the values of the number of degrees of freedom and of the average strength of the most likely χ 2 distribution is carried out. For the 194 Hg nucleus, 41 primary transitions from the decay-out of SD states are identified above 2600 keV. It is concluded that they represent the strongest 10% of the transitions selected stochastically from a Porter-Thomas distribution. This would support the scenario of a statistical decay of SD states via coupling to a compound state at normal deformation. However, the occurrence of several very strong direct one-step transitions as previously observed in 194 Hg has a very small probability of the order of 10 -4 . This may indicate special selection rules governing the decay. However, based on the absence of strong primary transitions from SD states in adjacent nuclei, the situation in 194 Hg is viewed as a very lucky incidence

Spectrum of {gamma} rays connecting superdeformed and normal states in {sup 192}Hg

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Henry, R.G.; Lauritsen, T.; Khoo, T.L. [and others

1995-08-01

Almost a hundred superdeformed bands were found in the mass 150 and 190 regions. Nevertheless, the energies and spins of the SD levels are still not measured (with one possible exception). Many attempts were made to decipher the highly-fragmented pathways connecting SD and normal states, but with hitherto no success. We adopted a new approach that consists of characterizing the overall spectral shape of the {gamma} rays linking SD and normal states.

Cranked relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory: formalism and application to the superdeformed bands in the A∼190 region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Afanasjev, A.V.; Ring, P.; Koenig, J.

2000-01-01

Cranked relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory without and with approximate particle number projection by means of the Lipkin-Nogami method is presented in detail as an extension of relativistic mean field theory with pairing correlations to the rotating frame. Pairing correlations are taken into account by a finite range two-body force of Gogny type. The applicability of this theory to the description of rotating nuclei is studied in detail on the example of superdeformed bands in even-even nuclei of the A∼190 mass region. Different aspects such as the importance of pairing and particle number projection, the dependence of the results on the parametrization of the RMF Lagrangian and Gogny force, etc., are investigated in detail. It is shown that without any adjustment of new parameters the best description of experimental data is obtained by using the well established parameter sets NL1 for the Lagrangian and D1S for the pairing force. Contrary to previous studies at spin zero it is found that the increase of the strength of the Gogny force is not necessary in the framework of relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory provided that particle number projection is performed

Shifted identical bands: A new phenomenon

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jones, E.F.; Lima, A.P. de; Gore, P.M.; Hamilton, J.H.; Ramayya, A.V.; Dodder, R.S.; Kormicki, J.; Hwang, J.K.; Beyer, C.J.; Zhang, X.Q.; Zhu, S.J.; Ter-Akopian, G.M.; Oganessian, Yu.Ts.; Daniel, A.V.; Rasmussen, J.O.; Lee, I.Y.; Cole, J.D.; Drigert, M.W.; Ma, W.-C.

2001-01-01

The levels in 162 Gd were identified in spontaneous fission studies. Its transition energies are remarkably similar to those in 160 Gd. From that work, an analysis of yrast bands in even-even proton to neutron-rich Ba to Pb nuclei led to the discovery of a new phenomenon, shifted identical bands (SIB). SIBs are yrast bands in neighboring nuclei (a, b) with moments of inertia which are identical when shifted by a constant amount κ, so J 1a (1 + κ) = J 1b , from 2 + to 8 + and higher to 16 + . Out of over 700 comparisons, 55 SIBs were found from stable to the most neutron-rich Ce-W nuclei with |κ-bar| between 1.5% and 13%, where the spread in κ is less than ± 1%, and only four identical bands (κ-bar congruent with 0). As examples, we found for 158 Sm- 160 Gd, κ-bar (-3.2 +0.1 -0.2 )% (where the ± is the total spread in κ from -3.1 to -3.4); 156 Nd- 160 Gd, (-10.6 +0.4 -0.2 )%; 158 Sm- 160 Sm, (3.4 +0.5 -0.3 )%. The J 1 values were fitted to a variable moment of inertia model with parameters J 0 and C whose values correlate with the SIB J 1 values. The SIBs are not correlated either with deformation or with the N p N n product of the IBA model

16O + 16O molecular structures of superdeformed states in S isotopes

Science.gov (United States)

Taniguchi, Y.

2017-06-01

Structures of excited states in S isotopes are investigated by using the antisymmetrized molecular dynamics and generator coordinate method (GCM). The GCM basis wave functions are calculated via energy variation with a constraint on the quadrupole deformation parameter β. By applying the GCM after parity and angular momentum projections, the coexistence of positive- and negative-parity superdeformed (SD) bands are predicted in 33-36S except for negative-parity states in 36S. The SD bands have structures of 16O + 16O + valence neutron(s) in molecular orbitals around the two 16O cores in a cluster picture. The configurations of the valence neutron(s) in the SD states are δ and/or π molecular orbitals.

From superdeformation to clusters

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Betts, R R [Argonne National Lab., IL (United States). Physics Div.

1992-08-01

Much of the discussion at the conference centred on superdeformed states and their study by precise gamma spectrometry. The author suggests that the study of superdeformation by fission fragments and by auto-scattering is of importance, and may become more important. He concludes that there exists clear evidence of shell effects at extreme deformation in light nuclei studied by fission or cluster decay. The connection between the deformed shell model and the multi-center shell model can be exploited to give give insight into the cluster structure of these extremely deformed states, and also gives hope of a spectroscopy based on selection rules for cluster decay. A clear disadvantage at this stage is inability to make this spectroscopy more quantitative through calculation of the decay widths. The introduction of a new generation of high segmentation, high resolution, particle arrays has and will have a major impact on this aspect of the study of highly deformed nuclei. 20 refs., 16 figs.

Identicity in high-K three quasiparticle rotational bands: a theoretical approach

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaur, Harjeet; Singh, Pardeep; Malik, Sham S

2015-01-01

The systematics are studied for the identical band phenomenon in high-K three quasiparticle rotational bands. The identical rotational bands based on the same bandhead spin are analyzed on the basis of similarities in γ-ray energies, dynamic moment of inertia and kinematic moment of inertia in particular, which is a function of deformation degrees of freedom, pairing strengths and Nilsson orbitals in nuclei. It is established that a combined effect of all these parameters decides the identicity of the moment of inertia in high-K three quasiparticle rotational bands as the systematics are backed by the Tilted Axis Cranking model calculations. (paper)

Superdeformation in Pb isotopes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Naz, Tabassum; Ahmad, Shakeb

2017-01-01

The Relatvistic Hartree-Bogoliubov (RHB) theory is used to explore the structure of superdeformed (SD) 190,212 Pb isotopes using the non-linear NL3* and density dependent (DD-ME2, DD-PC1) interactions. We have studied the the excitation energy, the potential depth and the deformation of these Pb isotopes

Search for and study of linking transitions between super- and normal deformed wells in the {sup 151}Tb nucleus; Recherche et etude de transitions de liaison entre les puits super- et normalement deformes dans le noyau {sup 151}Tb

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Robin, J

2003-12-01

While the superdeformation phenomenon has been observed many times in different mass regions, the excitation energy and angular momentum are not known for most of the superdeformed bands, mainly in the A {approx} 150 mass region. We have thus undertaken the search for and study of linking transitions between super and normal deformed potential wells in the Tb{sup 151} nucleus with the EUROBALL-IV spectrometer based at the subatomic research institute of Strasbourg. This nucleus presents the peculiarity of having an excited superdeformed band identical to the yrast one of Dy{sup 152}, which has recently been linked to normal deformed states. As the Dy{sup 152} nucleus exhibits a shape coexistence in the first potential well, we have also searched for collective rotational bands with prolate but moderate shape, coexisting with the oblate structure of Tb{sup 151}. The discovery of new superdeformed bands in the Tb{sup 151,152} isotopes, the extension to lower and higher spins of the previously known bands, and mean field calculations with a deformed Woods-Saxon potential have contributed to improve our knowledge as well as raise new questions on the orbitals configuration assignments of these bands. (author)

Search for and study of linking transitions between super- and normal deformed wells in the 151Tb nucleus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Robin, J.

2003-12-01

While the superdeformation phenomenon has been observed many times in different mass regions, the excitation energy and angular momentum are not known for most of the superdeformed bands, mainly in the A ∼ 150 mass region. We have thus undertaken the search for and study of linking transitions between super and normal deformed potential wells in the Tb 151 nucleus with the EUROBALL-IV spectrometer based at the subatomic research institute of Strasbourg. This nucleus presents the peculiarity of having an excited superdeformed band identical to the yrast one of Dy 152 , which has recently been linked to normal deformed states. As the Dy 152 nucleus exhibits a shape coexistence in the first potential well, we have also searched for collective rotational bands with prolate but moderate shape, coexisting with the oblate structure of Tb 151 . The discovery of new superdeformed bands in the Tb 151,152 isotopes, the extension to lower and higher spins of the previously known bands, and mean field calculations with a deformed Woods-Saxon potential have contributed to improve our knowledge as well as raise new questions on the orbitals configuration assignments of these bands. (author)

Study of link transitions between superdeformed well and normally deformed well in Hg{sup 192} and research and development for a new concept of {gamma} photons detection: the Agata array; Etude des liens entre puits superdeforme et puits normalement deforme dans {sup 192}Hg et recherche et developpement pour un nouveau concept de detection de photons {gamma}: le multidetecteur AGATA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Roccaz, J

2006-07-15

The atomic nucleus can adopt a very elongated shape with an axis ratio 2:1, this is the superdeformation phenomenon. Nowadays more than 300 superdeformed bands have been identified at high spin, but the determination of excitation energies, spins and parities of the associated states have been established for only one tenth of these bands. The former quantities (E{sup *}, I, {pi}) can only be determined via the linking gamma-transitions between the superdeformed (sd) and the normally deformed (nd) states. Within the framework of this thesis, we have investigated the Hg{sup 192} nucleus in order to establish E{sup *}, I and {pi}. This nucleus is predicted to be doubly magic at superdeformation and hence is taken as a reference in the mass {approx} 190 region. The experiment was carried out at Strasbourg using the Euroball-IV array and the vivitron accelerator. The obtained results are not convincing and seem to be at the limit of the performances of Euroball. Next generation of arrays will abandon the Compton-shields and use tracking concept to reconstruct the trajectories of incident photons, and therefore we expect a huge increase of efficiency. The second part of this work was focused on the research and development work for the AGATA (Advanced GAmma Tracking Array) project. We have performed simulations with the GEANT-4 code and developed tracking methods to reconstruct pair-creation events. The full AGATA will be operational around 2015 and will enhance by around two orders of magnitude the observational limits. (author)

The quasicontinuum of gamma rays from the feeding and decay of the superdeformed in 194Pb

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lauritsen, T.; Ahmad, I.; Carpenter, M.P.

1995-01-01

Over the last year we developed techniques for the study of the quasicontinuum of gamma-rays from both the feeding and especially the decay of the superdeformed (SD) bands in the Hg nuclei, most notably 192 Hg. From this analysis we could extract both the spin and energy of some of the SD bands. The quasicontinuum analysis is the only technique so far that could extract these two fundamental properties of the now more than 100 SD bands found in the A = 150 and A = 190 regions. We based our understanding of the feeding and decay on comparisons of the data with extensive Monte Carlo simulations of the emission of gamma rays, both from the entry distribution toward the SD minimum, and, at lower spins, from the decay out of the SD band back to the states in the normal well

Nuclear superdeformation at high spins

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dudek, J.

1991-01-01

The newly discovered forms of nuclear behavior at exotic shape configurations are discussed from the theoretical point of view. The main emphasis is set on superdeformed nuclei and the strange mechanisms influencing their properties. In particular the feeding properties, alignment, pairing properties and the problem of anomalous degeneracies are discussed

Multiparticle excitations in the 149 Gd superdeformed nucleus. Signature of new C4 nucleus symmetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Theisen, C.

1995-01-01

The use of 8 π and EUROGAM phase I multi-detectors for the study of high spin states of 149 Gd nucleus has revealed unexpected new phenomenons about the superdeformation in this nucleus. The new excited bands confirm the omnipresence of twin bands phenomenon. A new multi-particle excitation (two protons and one neutron) has been discovered. Thanks to the second generation EUROGAM detector, unexpected discoveries such as C 4 symmetry, level interactions, complete backbending were obtained for the second potential well. The knowledge of interacting levels gives informations about the nucleon-nucleon residual interaction and could allow the determination of SD bands excitation energy. The complex processing and analysis of high multiplicity events has led to the development of new computing tools. An automatic band research program has been written for the discovery of new excited bands, and an exact method for the elimination of uncorrected events has been developed. The improvements of multi-detector performances should allow the discovery of more exceptional phenomenons and new anomalies in the SD bands. (J.S.). 222 refs., 86 figs., 38 tabs

The quasicontinuum of gamma rays from the feeding and decay of the superdeformed in {sup 194}Pb

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lauritsen, T.; Ahmad, I.; Carpenter, M.P. [and others

1995-08-01

Over the last year we developed techniques for the study of the quasicontinuum of gamma-rays from both the feeding and especially the decay of the superdeformed (SD) bands in the Hg nuclei, most notably {sup 192}Hg. From this analysis we could extract both the spin and energy of some of the SD bands. The quasicontinuum analysis is the only technique so far that could extract these two fundamental properties of the now more than 100 SD bands found in the A = 150 and A = 190 regions. We based our understanding of the feeding and decay on comparisons of the data with extensive Monte Carlo simulations of the emission of gamma rays, both from the entry distribution toward the SD minimum, and, at lower spins, from the decay out of the SD band back to the states in the normal well.

Multiparticle excitations in the {sup 149} Gd superdeformed nucleus. Signature of new C{sub 4} nucleus symmetry; Excitations multiparticules dans le noyau superdeforme {sup 149}Gd. Signature d`une symetrie nouvelle C{sub 4} du noyau

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Theisen, C

1995-01-01

The use of 8 {pi} and EUROGAM phase I multi-detectors for the study of high spin states of {sup 149} Gd nucleus has revealed unexpected new phenomenons about the superdeformation in this nucleus. The new excited bands confirm the omnipresence of twin bands phenomenon. A new multi-particle excitation (two protons and one neutron) has been discovered. Thanks to the second generation EUROGAM detector, unexpected discoveries such as C{sub 4} symmetry, level interactions, complete backbending were obtained for the second potential well. The knowledge of interacting levels gives informations about the nucleon-nucleon residual interaction and could allow the determination of SD bands excitation energy. The complex processing and analysis of high multiplicity events has led to the development of new computing tools. An automatic band research program has been written for the discovery of new excited bands, and an exact method for the elimination of uncorrected events has been developed. The improvements of multi-detector performances should allow the discovery of more exceptional phenomenons and new anomalies in the SD bands. (J.S.). 222 refs., 86 figs., 38 tabs.

Hartree-Fock description of superdeformed states

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dobaczewski, J.; Meyer, J.

1991-10-01

The discovery of superdeformation has been preceded by theoretical predictions made in Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations and a description of the phenomenon still constitutes an exciting challenge to the theory of nuclear collective motion. In particular, a determination of electromagnetic transition rates requires a knowledge of microscopic collective wave functions, which can be achieved by using the Hartree-Fock (HF) theory and the generator coordinate method (GCM). In this study we present results of our calculations concerning the properties and superdeformed states in the mercury region. Using the GCM, we diagonalize the microscopic two-body hamiltonian within the basis set of constrained HF+BCS wave functions. The GCM provides values for the energy of the ground and excited states including the shape isomer which take into account the effect of correlations in the collective degree of freedom. The GCM will also allow us to discuss the qualitative modifications of the shape isomeric stability as induced by changes in pairing correlations

Detailed spectroscopy in the superdeformed second minimum of 240Pu

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thirolf, P.G.; Gassmann, D.; Habs, D.; Chromik, M.J.; Eisermann, Y.; Graw, G.; Hertenberger, R.; Maier, H.J.; Metz, A.; Reiter, P.

2000-01-01

Complete text of publication follows. Superdeformed prolate nuclei, having an axis ratio of about 2:1, have first been discovered in fission isomers in the actinide region almost 40 years ago by Polikanov et al.. Their interpretation of being the result of microscopic shell corrections on top of the macroscopic liquid drop potential leading to a second minimum in the nuclear potential energy surface is well established. 240 Pu with its 3.7 ns fission isomer may be regarded as the prototype nucleus for spectroscopic studies of superdeformed actinide nuclei since the identification of the ground state rotational band in conversion electron measurements [1]. Though from the knowledge on excited states in the first minimum and previous measurements in the second minimum low-lying collective excitations in the second minimum low-lying collective excitations in the second well of 240 Pu can be expected, none of them has been experimentally identified so far. Quite surprisingly, no low-lying collective quadrupole excitations could be observed in a recent detailed high-resolution and high-efficiency γ-spectroscopy experiment [2]. Complementary information could be obtained in conversion electron measurements in coincidence with isomeric fission performed at the Garching Accelerator Laboratory, resulting in the first identification of the lowest β-vibrational band [3]. In a combined analysis of the γ-spectroscopic and conversion electron data conversion coefficients α K or limits on α K could be deduced, thus allowing to determine the multipolarities of the transitions. A predominant population of negative parity states in the second well could be observed that can be explained by the filtering function of the inner and outer fission barrier. Complementary transmission resonance measurements have been performed, yielding new information on the fine structure of (β-)vibrational multi-phonon states. A new method could be established to determine the excitation energy of

Searching triaxial superdeformation in 175Hf

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li Xiaowei; Zhejiang Normal Univ., Jinhua; Yu Shaoying; Zhejiang Normal Univ., Jinhua; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; Shen Caiwan; National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator of Lanzhou, Lanzhou; Chen Yongshou; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator of Lanzhou

2006-01-01

A two-dimensional Total Routhian Surface (TRS) calculation is carried out in order to ascertain if there is triaxial superdeformation in 175 Hf. A five quasi-particle configuration is chosen in the calculation. Unfortunately, the TRS minimum does not show up in the total potential energy surface. (authors)

Study of superdeformation in {sup 151,152}Tb isotopes using Eurogam multi-detector; Etude de la superdeformation dans les isotopes {sup 151,152}Tb a l`aide du multidetecteur Eurogam

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kharraja, E B

1994-06-01

The aim of this work is the study of {sup 151}Tb and {sup 152}Tb nuclei submitted to increasing speeds using the EUROGAM (phase I) multi-detector. The production of high angular momentum excited nuclei is obtained during {sup 130}Te({sup 27}Al,xn) fusion-evaporation reaction with a 154 MeV bombardment energy. For {sup 151}Tb nucleus, the diagram of high spin normal deformation levels is first determined to allow the analysis of bonds between SD structures and normally deformed states. In addition to the two SD bands already described for {sup 151}Tb nucleus, 8 new SD bands are described (6 for {sup 151}Tb nucleus and 2 for {sup 152}Tb nucleus) using triple and quadruple events analysis. The SD structure analysis gives important informations about nuclear superdeformation in this mass region, in particular about SD bands de-excitation, intrinsic configuration in the second potential well, and gamma transition energy degeneration between twin SD bands. A detailed description of EUROGAM 4{pi}{gamma} multi-detector (phase I and II), which comprises 42 Ge detectors with Compton suppression, is given. (J.S.). 98 refs., 100 figs., 22 tabs.

Identical bands at normal deformation: Necessity of going beyond the mean-field approach

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sun, Y.; Wu, C.; Feng, D.H.; Egido, J.L.; Guidry, M.

1996-01-01

The validity of BCS theory has been questioned because the appearance of normally deformed identical bands in odd and even nuclei seems to contradict the conventional understanding of the blocking effect. This problem is examined with the projected shell model (PSM), which projects good angular momentum states and includes many-body correlations in both deformation and pairing channels. Satisfactory reproduction of identical band data by the PSM suggests that it may be necessary to go beyond the mean field to obtain a quantitative account of identical bands. copyright 1996 The American Physical Society

Spins of superdeformed rotational bands in Tl isotopes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dadwal, Anshul; Mittal, H.M. [Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar (India)

2017-01-15

The two-parameter model defined for even-even nuclei viz. soft-rotor formula is used to assign the band-head spin of the 17 rotational bands in Tl isotopes. The least-squares fitting method is employed to obtain the spins of these bands in the A ∝ 190 mass region. The calculated transition energies are found to depend sensitively on the proposed spin. Whenever a correct spin assignment is made, the calculated and experimental transition energies coincide very well. The dynamic moment of inertia is also calculated and its variation with rotational frequency is explored. (orig.)

Beyond band termination in 157Er and the search for wobbling excitations in strongly deformed 174Hf

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Riley, M A; Djongolov, M K; Evans, A O

2005-01-01

High-spin terminating bands in heavy nuclei were first identified in nuclei around 158 Er 90 . While examples of special terminating states have been identified in a number of erbium isotopes, almost nothing is known about the states lying beyond band termination. In the present work the high-spin structure of 157 Er has been studied using the Gammasphere spectrometer. The subject of triaxial superdeformation and 'wobbling' modes in Lu nuclei has rightly attracted a great deal of attention. Very recently, four strongly or superdeformed (SD) sequences have been observed in 174 Hf and ultimate cranker calculations predict such structures may have significant triaxial deformation. We have performed two experiments in an attempt to verify the possible triaxial nature of these bands. A lifetime measurement was performed to confirm the large (and similar) deformation of the bands. In addition, a high-statistics, thin-target experiment was run to search for linking transitions between the SD bands and possible wobbling modes

Influence of i13/2 proton and j15/2 neutron intruding orbitals on the behaviour of 190 mass region superdeformed nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Duprat, J.

1995-01-01

This work concerns the study of the nuclear superdeformation phenomenon in the A = 190 mass region. The superdeformed (SD) states in 193 Tl, 194 Tl 195 Tl were produced via heavy-ion induced reactions and studied with the EUROGAM gamma multidetector array. The analysis of high-multiplicity events allowed the study of the magnetic properties of the SD states in these nuclei. For the first time, the g-factor of a proton orbital in a SD nucleus in the A = 190 mass region has been extracted. This measurement indicates that the two known bands in 195 Tl-SD are built on the i 13/2 proton intruder orbital. A new SD band has been found in this isotope: it is the first SD band built on an excited proton state found in the A = 190 region. Finally an interaction between two pairs of bands has been established in 194 Tl; this interaction indicate the crossing of two neutron orbitals above the N = 112 gap. The magnetic properties of the states of the SD bands in 194 Tl reveals that these bands are built on configurations in which the single proton and neutron intrinsic spins are aligned. Comparison between different SD bands in the Thallium isotopes shows the prominent role of the i 13/2 proton and the j 15/2 neutron intruder orbitals in the smooth increase of the dynamical moment of inertia as a function of the rotational frequency. In addition, this work reports on the first observation of a SD rotational band produced in a (HI, αxn) reaction channel. The study of the maximum spin reached by the SD bands indicates both a competition between alpha emission and fission of the compound nucleus, and the limitation due to the fission process in the population of the SD nuclei in the A = 190 region. (author). 120 refs., 112 figs., 22 tabs., 2 ann

Collective oblate bands in Pb nuclei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Huebel, H; Baldsefen, G; Mehta, D [Bonn Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Strahlen- und Kernphysik; and others

1992-08-01

The coexistence of different nuclear shapes is a well established phenomenon in the Hg-Pb region, where spherical, oblate, prolate and superdeformed prolate shapes have been observed. In this work, the authors report on several new rotational bands in the normally spherical nuclei {sup 199-201}Pb. Similar structures were found previously in the lighter isotopes {sup 197,198}Pb. 11 refs., 1 tab., 3 figs.

Influence of i{sub 13/2} proton and j{sub 15/2} neutron intruding orbitals on the behaviour of 190 mass region superdeformed nuclei; Influence des orbitales intruses proton i{sub 13/2} et neutron j{sub 15/2} sur le comportement des noyaux superdeformes de la region de masse 190

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Duprat, J

1995-01-01

This work concerns the study of the nuclear superdeformation phenomenon in the A = 190 mass region. The superdeformed (SD) states in {sup 193}Tl, {sup 194}Tl {sup 195}Tl were produced via heavy-ion induced reactions and studied with the EUROGAM gamma multidetector array. The analysis of high-multiplicity events allowed the study of the magnetic properties of the SD states in these nuclei. For the first time, the g-factor of a proton orbital in a SD nucleus in the A = 190 mass region has been extracted. This measurement indicates that the two known bands in {sup 195}Tl-SD are built on the i{sub 13/2} proton intruder orbital. A new SD band has been found in this isotope: it is the first SD band built on an excited proton state found in the A = 190 region. Finally an interaction between two pairs of bands has been established in {sup 194}Tl; this interaction indicate the crossing of two neutron orbitals above the N = 112 gap. The magnetic properties of the states of the SD bands in {sup 194}Tl reveals that these bands are built on configurations in which the single proton and neutron intrinsic spins are aligned. Comparison between different SD bands in the Thallium isotopes shows the prominent role of the i{sub 13/2} proton and the j{sub 15/2} neutron intruder orbitals in the smooth increase of the dynamical moment of inertia as a function of the rotational frequency. In addition, this work reports on the first observation of a SD rotational band produced in a (HI, {alpha}xn) reaction channel. The study of the maximum spin reached by the SD bands indicates both a competition between alpha emission and fission of the compound nucleus, and the limitation due to the fission process in the population of the SD nuclei in the A = 190 region. (author). 120 refs., 112 figs., 22 tabs., 2 ann.

Search for low spin superdeformed states by transfer reactions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Blons, J; Goutte, D; Lepretre, A; Lucas, R; Meot, V; Paya, D; Phan, X H [DAPNIA SPhN CE Saclay 91191 Gif sur Yvette (France); Barreau, G; Doan, T P; Pedemay, G [CENBG, 33175 Gradignan (France); Becker, J A; Stoyer, M A [LLNL, Livermore, CA (United States)

1992-08-01

We present a specific experimental technique aiming to observe superdeformed isomeric states. Preliminary results on two proton transfer reaction on platinum targets leading to {sup 194}Hg are shown. (author). 6 refs., 5 figs.

Lifetimes of superdeformed states in {sup 194}Pb

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Willsau, P; Hubel, H [Bonn Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Strahlen- und Kernphysik; Azaiez, F; Deleplanque, M A; Diamond, R M; Korten, W; Macchiavelli, A O; Stephens, F S [Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States); Kluge, H [Hahn-Meitner-Institut fuer Kernforschung Berlin G.m.b.H. (Germany); Hannachi, F [Paris-11 Univ., 91 - Orsay (France). Centre de Spectrometrie Nucleaire et de Spectrometrie de Masse; Bacelar, J C [Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut, Zernikelaan 25 (Netherlands); Becker, J A; Brinkman, M J; Henry, E A; Kuhnert, A; Wang, T F [Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (United States); Draper, J A; Rubel, E [California Univ., Davis, CA (United States)

1992-08-01

Lifetimes of superdeformed states in {sup 194}Pb were measured by the Doppler-shift attenuation method. Quadrupole moments around 20 eb, that are constant over the observed frequency range, are derived. The results rule out large centrifugal stretching effects. 7 refs., 1 tab., 2 figs.

Shell structure in superdeformed nuclei at high rotational frequencies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ploszajczak, M.

1980-01-01

Properties of the shell structure in superdeformed nuclei at high rotational frequencies are discussed. Moreover, stability of the high spin compound nucleus with respect to the fission and the emission of light particles is investigated. (author)

Observation of states beyond band termination in 156,157,158Er and strongly deformed structures in 173,174,175Hf

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Riley, M A; Djongolov, M K; Evans, A O

2006-01-01

High-spin terminating bands in heavy nuclei were first identified in nuclei around 158 Er 90 . While examples of terminating states have been identified in a number of erbium isotopes, almost nothing is known about the states lying beyond band termination. In the present work, the high-spin structure of 156,157,158 Er has been studied using the Gammasphere spectrometer. The subject of triaxial superdeformation and 'wobbling' modes in Lu nuclei has rightly attracted a great deal of attention. Very recently four strongly or superdeformed (SD) sequences have been observed in 174 Hf, and cranking calculations using the Ultimate Cranker code predict that such structures may have significant triaxial deformation. We have performed two experiments in an attempt to verify the possible triaxial nature of these bands. A lifetime measurement was performed to confirm the large (and similar) deformation of the bands. In addition, a high-statistics, thin-target experiment took place to search for linking transitions between the SD bands, possible wobbling modes, and new SD band structures

Spectra of γ rays feeding superdeformed bands

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lauritsen, T.; Khoo, T.L.; Henry, R.G.

1995-01-01

The spectrum of γrays coincident with SD transitions contains the transitions which populate the SD band. This spectrum can provide information on the feeding mechanism and on the properties (moment of inertia, collectivity) of excited SD states. We used a model we developed to explain the feeding of SD bands, to calculate the spectrum of feeding γrays. The Monte Carlo simulations take into account the trigger conditions present in our Eurogam experiment. Both experimental and theoretical spectra contain a statistical component and a broad E2 peak (from transitions occurring between excited states in the SD well). There is good resemblance between the measured and calculated spectra although the calculated multiplicity of an E2 bump is low by ∼30%. Work is continuing to improve the quality of the fits, which will result in a better understanding of excited SD states. In addition, a model for the last steps, which cool the γ cascade into the SD yrast line, needs to be developed. A strong M1/E2 low-energy component, which we believe is responsible for this cooling, was observed

Spectra of {gamma} rays feeding superdeformed bands

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lauritsen, T.; Khoo, T.L.; Henry, R.G. [and others

1995-08-01

The spectrum of {gamma}rays coincident with SD transitions contains the transitions which populate the SD band. This spectrum can provide information on the feeding mechanism and on the properties (moment of inertia, collectivity) of excited SD states. We used a model we developed to explain the feeding of SD bands, to calculate the spectrum of feeding {gamma}rays. The Monte Carlo simulations take into account the trigger conditions present in our Eurogam experiment. Both experimental and theoretical spectra contain a statistical component and a broad E2 peak (from transitions occurring between excited states in the SD well). There is good resemblance between the measured and calculated spectra although the calculated multiplicity of an E2 bump is low by {approximately}30%. Work is continuing to improve the quality of the fits, which will result in a better understanding of excited SD states. In addition, a model for the last steps, which cool the {gamma} cascade into the SD yrast line, needs to be developed. A strong M1/E2 low-energy component, which we believe is responsible for this cooling, was observed.

Superdeformation studies in {sup 150}Tb and {sup 153}Ho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nisius, D.; Janssens, R.V.F.; Crowell, B. [and others

1995-08-01

There are now over 40 superdeformed (SD) bands known in the A {approximately} 150 region and in most cases the properties of these bands are understood in terms of single-particle excitations in the absence of pairing. By continuing the search for new SD bands we hope to gain insight into (1) the ordering of the proton and neutron orbitals near the Fermi surface in the SD well, (2) the effects that the alignment of those orbitals has on the moments of inertia, and (3) the collective excitations in the SD well. For {sup 150}Tb, which is one proton and one neutron away from the SD doubly-magic nucleus {sup 152}Dy, it should be possible to study SD bands based on both proton and neutron hole excitations. By adding one proton to the {sup 152}Dy nucleus (i.e. {sup 153}Ho) proton excitations above the Z = 66 shell gap can be studied. These excitations are important as calculations suggested that the proton intruder orbital N = 7 might become occupied. Interactions between this orbital and a N = 5 level may result in softness towards octupole vibrations. High spin states in {sup 150}Th and {sup 153}Ho were populated using the {sup 124}Sn({sup 31}P,5n) and {sup 120}Sn({sup 37}Cl,4n) reactions, respectively. In both cases the early implementation phase of Gammasphere was used to detect the decay gamma rays and over 1 x 10{sup 9} triple and higher fold coincidence events were recorded. In {sup 150}Tb, the data analysis is complete and two new SD bands were identified. The fact that Im{sup (2)} moments of inertia are sensitive to the specific high-N intruder content of the SD bands was used to suggest configurations for the two new bands. A paper reporting these results is being prepared. For {sup 153}Ho, data analysis is still in its early stages.

Exotic nuclear shapes - Axial and nonaxial octupoles at normal and at super-deformation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Skalski, J [Soltan Inst. for Nuclear Studies, Otwock-Swierk (Poland); [Universite Libre de Bruxelles (Belgium); Heenen, P [Universite Libre de Bruxelles (Belgium); Bonche, P [CEA Centre d` Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay, 91 - Gif-sur-Yvette (France). Centre d` Application et de Promotion des Rayonnements Ionisants; Flocard, H [Paris-11 Univ., 91 - Orsay (France); Meyer, J [Lyon-1 Univ., 69 - Villeurbanne (France)

1992-08-01

We have studied collective octupole dynamics including nonaxial components of the octupole mean field, mainly at superdeformed shape in the Hg-Pb region. Both the Strutinsky method combined with cranking and the generator coordinate method within the self-consistent Hartree-Fock basis suggest the existence of collective octupole excitations at the superdeformed minima. GCM calculations point out to the E1 transitions as their most prominent experimental manifestation. We also comment on the nonaxial octupole components influence on octupole dynamics in traditional octupole region of Ra-Th nuclei. (author). 38 refs., 6 figs.

Description of the turnover of the dynamical moment of inertia of the superdeformed nuclear state

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yuxin Liu; Jiangang Song; Hong-zhou Sun; Jia-jun Wang; En-guang Zhao

1998-01-01

We propose in this paper an approach to describe the dynamical moment of inertia of superdeformed nuclear states in the spirit of variable moments of inertia. Both the general changing feature and the turnover of dynamical moments of inertia with rotational frequency are well described in our approach. It indicates that the competition between the angular momentum driving effect and the restraining effect plays a crucial role in determining the dynamical moments of inertia of superdeformed nuclear states. (author)

Symmetries of the nuclear average field hamiltonian and a search for possible exotic equilibrium deformations in superdeformed nuclei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Li Xunjun; Dudek, J.; Romain, P. (Centre de Recherches Nucleaires, IN2P3-CNRS, Univ. Louis Pasteur, 67 - Strasbourg (France))

1991-11-21

Symmetry properties of the general average-field hamiltonian-matrix resulting from the geometrical symmetries of the hamiltonian itself are derived and discussed. The corresponding numerical algorithms are constructed. Total energy calculations for superdeformed nuclei are then extended to include the usually neglected deformation modes {alpha}{sub {lambda}=3{mu}{ne}0} in the expansion of the nuclear surface expression R({theta}, {phi}; {l brace}{alpha}{r brace})=c({l brace}{alpha}{r brace})R{sub 0}(1+{Sigma}{sub {lambda}} {Sigma}{sub {mu}=-{lambda}}{sup {lambda}} {alpha}{sub {lambda}{mu}}{sup *}{Upsilon}{sub {lambda}{mu}}({theta}, {phi})). The general trends in the shell-energy dependence on {alpha}{sub {lambda}=3{mu}} and the implied instabilities in the superdeformed configurations of the rare earth nuclei are studied using the Strutinsky formula with the macroscopic part taken in the form of the folded-Yukawa plus exponential interaction. A possibility of new (double superdeformed minimum) structures coexisting in some nuclei and resulting from the proton shell effects is predicted and illustrated. No significant neutron effects are found in the rare earth superdeformed nuclei considered. (orig.).

g factors and the interplay of collective and single-particle degrees of freedom in superdeformed mass-190 nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sun, Yang; Zhang, Jing-ye; Guidry, Mike

2001-01-01

Interplay of collective and single-particle degrees of freedom is a common phenomenon in strongly correlated many-body systems. Despite many successful efforts in the study of superdeformed nuclei, there is still unexplored physics that can be best understood only through the nuclear magnetic properties. We point out that study of the gyromagnetic factor (g factor) may open a unique opportunity for understanding superdeformed structure. Our calculations suggest that investigation of the g-factor dependence on spin and particle number can provide important information on single-particle structure and its interplay with collective motion in the superdeformed mass-190 nuclei. Modern experimental techniques combined with the new generation of sensitive detectors should be capable of testing our predictions

Exclusion, Engagement and Identity Construction in a Socioeconomically Diverse Middle School Wind Band Classroom

Science.gov (United States)

Hoffman, Adria Rachel

2012-01-01

The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore the wind band classroom as a social context and examine its influence on middle-school students' identity constructions. The integration of sociologically based identity theory and social identity theory from social psychology suggested by Deaux and Martin as well as Stets and Burke proved…

Microscopic structure of superdeformed states in Th, U, Pu and Cm isotopes with Gogny force

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Girod, M.; Delaroche, J.P.; Romain, P.; Libert, J.

2002-01-01

The structure properties of the even-even nuclei 226, 228, 230, 232, 234 Th, 230, 232, 234, 236, 238, 240 U, 240, 242, 244, 246 Pu, and 242, 244, 246, 248 Cm have been investigated at normal and superdeformed shapes in microscopic mean-field calculations based on Gogny force. Collective levels are predicted from constrained Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov and configuration mixing calculations. Two quasiparticle states are also predicted from blocking calculations for neutron and proton configurations. Predictions are shown and compared with experimental data at superdeformed shapes. (orig.)

Underlying physics of identical odd- and even-mass bands in normally deformed rare-earth nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yu Lei; Liu Shuxin; Lei Yian; Zeng Jinyan

2001-01-01

The microscopic mechanism of the identical odd- and even-mass number nuclear bands in normally deformed rare-earth nuclei was investigated using the particle-number conserving (PNC) method for treating nuclear pairing correlation. It was found that the odd particle of an odd-A identical band always occupied a cranked low j and high Ω Nilsson orbital (e.g. proton [404]7/2, [402]5/2. On the contrary, if the odd particle occupies an intruder high j orbital (e.g. neutron [633]7/2, proton[514]9/2), the moment of inertia of the odd-A band was much larger than that of neighboring even-even ground state band. The observed variation of moment of inertia (below band crossing) was reproduced quite well by the PNC calculation, in which no free parameter was involved. The strengths of monopole and Y 20 quadrupole interactions were determined by the experimental odd-even differences in binding energy and band head moment of inertia

Study of superdeformation at zero spin with Skyrme-Hartree-Fock method

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takahara, S; Tajima, N; Onishi, N [Tokyo Univ. (Japan)

1998-03-01

Superdeformed (SD) bands have been studied extensively both experimentally and theoretically in the last decade. Since the first observation in {sup 152}Dy in 1986, SD bands have been found in four mass regions, i.e., A {approx} 80, 130, 150 and 190. While these SD bands have been observed only at high spins so far, they may also be present at zero spin like fission isomers in actinide nuclei: The familiar generic argument on the strong shell effect at axis ratio 2:1 does not assume rotations. If non-fissile SD isomers exist at zero spin, they may be utilized to develop new experimental methods to study exotic states, in a similar manner as short-lived high-spin isomers are planned to be utilized as projectiles of fusion reactions in order to populate very high-spin near-yrast states. They will also be useful to test theoretical models whether the models can describe correctly the large deformations of rare-earth nuclei without further complications due to rotations. In this report, we employ the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock method to study the SD states at zero spin. First, we compare various Skyrme force parameter sets to test whether they can reproduce the extrapolated excitation energy of the SD band head of {sup 194}Hg. Second, we systematically search large-deformation solutions with the SkM{sup *} force. The feature of our calculations is that the single-particle wavefunctions are expressed in a three-dimensional-Cartesian-mesh representation. This representation enables one to obtain solutions of various shapes (including SD) without preparing a basis specific to each shape. Solving the mean-field equations in this representation requires, however, a large amount of computation which can be accomplished only with present supercomputers. (author)

Identification of 162Gd and a new type of identical bands

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jones, E. F.; Gore, P. M.; Hamilton, J. H.; Ramayya, A. V.; Dodder, R. S.; Beyer, C. J.; Hwang, J. K.; Zhang, X. Q.; Kormicki, J.; Zhu, S. J.; Lima, A. P. de; Cole, J. D.; Aryaeinejad, R.; Ma, W. C.; Ter-Akopian, G. M.; Daniel, A. V.; Oganessian, Yu. Ts.; Rasmussen, J. O.; Asztalos, S. J.; Lee, I. Y.

1998-01-01

From γ-γ-γ coincidence measurements in spontaneous fission of 252 Cf, level energies were established to spins 14 + to 20 + in many neutron-rich nuclei. New isotope 162 Gd was identified. Yrast bands of 152,154,156 Nd, 156,158,160 Sm, and 160,162 Gd exhibit near-identical transition energies and moments of inertia (MOI) shifted by the same constant amounts for every spin state from 2 + to 12 + or 14 + for nuclei differing by 2n, 4n, 2p, 4p, α, α+2p, and α+2n. These shifted identical bands (SIB) are a new phenomenon. Analysis of all known even-even proton- to neutron-rich nuclei from Ba(Z=56) to Os(Z=76) reveal no SIB for proton-rich nuclei and few cases of SIB for the most neutron-rich pairs around N=98-102 separated by 2n and 2p

Tunneling from super- to normal-deformed minima in nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khoo, T. L.

1998-01-01

An excited minimum, or false vacuum, gives rise to a highly elongated superdeformed (SD) nucleus. A brief review of superdeformation is given, with emphasis on the tunneling from the false to the true vacuum, which occurs in the feeding and decay of SD bands. During the feeding process the tunneling is between hot states, while in the decay it is from a cold to a hot state. The γ spectra connecting SD and normal-deformed (ND) states provide information on several physics issues: the decay mechanism; the spin/parity quantum numbers, energies and microscopic structures of SD bands; the origin of identical SD bands; the quenching of pairing with excitation energy; and the chaoticity of excited ND states at 2.5-5 MeV. Other examples of tunneling in nuclei, which are briefly described, include the possible role of tunneling in ΔI = 4 bifurcation in SD bands, sub-barrier fusion and proton emitters

Tunneling from super- to normal-deformed minima in nuclei.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Khoo, T. L.

1998-01-08

An excited minimum, or false vacuum, gives rise to a highly elongated superdeformed (SD) nucleus. A brief review of superdeformation is given, with emphasis on the tunneling from the false to the true vacuum, which occurs in the feeding and decay of SD bands. During the feeding process the tunneling is between hot states, while in the decay it is from a cold to a hot state. The {gamma} spectra connecting SD and normal-deformed (ND) states provide information on several physics issues: the decay mechanism; the spin/parity quantum numbers, energies and microscopic structures of SD bands; the origin of identical SD bands; the quenching of pairing with excitation energy; and the chaoticity of excited ND states at 2.5-5 MeV. Other examples of tunneling in nuclei, which are briefly described, include the possible role of tunneling in {Delta}I = 4 bifurcation in SD bands, sub-barrier fusion and proton emitters.

Low-spin identical bands in rare earth nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baktash, C.; Winchell, D.F.; Garrett, J.D.; Smith, A.

1992-01-01

A comprehensive study of odd-A rotational bands in normally deformed rare earth nuclei indicates that a large number of seniority-one configurations (21% for odd-Z nuclei) at low spin have moments of inertia nearly identical to that of the seniority-zero configuration of the neighboring even-even nucleus with one less nucleon. It is difficult to reconcile these results with conventional models of nuclear pair correlation, which predict variations of about 15% in the moments of inertia of configurations differing by one unit in seniority

Approximate eigensolutions of Dirac equation for the superposition ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

2014-07-02

Jul 2, 2014 ... tion [5], superdeformation [6], identical bands [7] and magnetic moment [8]. ... angular momentum ˜l is nothing but the orbital angular momentum of the lower compo- ... However, the dependence of the quality of PSS on the relativistic effect has not been ... symmetries in the framework of the NU method.

Nuclear shape evolution starting from superdeformed state. Role of two-body collision and rotation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu, Yu-xin; Sakata, Fumihiko

1999-01-01

With the nuclear density distribution being simulated by the Boltzmann Uehling-Uhlenbeck equation and Vlasov equation with several rotational frequencies, the time evolution of the quadrupole moment of nucleus 86 Zr starting with superdeformed shape is studied. The contribution of two-body collisions and the effects of collective rotation to the shape evolution is investigated. The numerical results indicate that the two-body collisions play a role of damping on the evolution from a superdeformed shape to a normal deformed one in a case without rotation. In a case of rotation with lower frequency, the two-body collisions accelerate the evolution process. A new role of the collective rotation to enhance the nuclear fission is proposed. (author)

Microscopic structure of superdeformed states in Th, U, Pu and Cm isotopes with Gogny force

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Girod, M.; Delaroche, J.P.; Romain, P. [CEA/DIF, DPTA/SPN, Boite Postale 12, 91680 Bruyeres-le-Chatel (France); Libert, J. [Institut de Physique Nucleaire Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-IN2P3, F-91406 Orsay (France)

2002-10-01

The structure properties of the even-even nuclei {sup 226,} {sup 228,} {sup 230,} {sup 232,} {sup 234}Th, {sup 230,} {sup 232,} {sup 234,} {sup 236,} {sup 238,} {sup 240}U, {sup 240,} {sup 242,} {sup 244,} {sup 246}Pu, and {sup 242,} {sup 244,} {sup 246,} {sup 248}Cm have been investigated at normal and superdeformed shapes in microscopic mean-field calculations based on Gogny force. Collective levels are predicted from constrained Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov and configuration mixing calculations. Two quasiparticle states are also predicted from blocking calculations for neutron and proton configurations. Predictions are shown and compared with experimental data at superdeformed shapes. (orig.)

Generalized vibrating potential model for collective excitations in spherical, deformed and superdeformed systems: (1) atomic nuclei, (2) metal clusters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nesterenko, V.O.; Kleinig, W.

1995-01-01

The self-consistent vibrating potential model (VPM) is extended for description of Eλ collective excitations in atomic nuclei and metal clusters with practically any kind of static deformation. The model is convenient for a qualitative analysis and provides the RPA accuracy of numerical calculations. The VPM is applied to study Eλ giant resonances in spherical metal clusters and deformed and superdeformed nuclei. It is shown that the deformation splitting of superdeformed nuclei results in a very complicated (''jungle-like'') structure of the resonances, which makes the experimental observation of E2 and E3 giant resonances in superdeformed nuclei quite problematic. Calculations of E1 giant resonance in spherical sodium clusters Na 8 , Na 20 and Na 40 are presented, as a test of the VPM in this field. The results are in qualitative agreement with the experimental data. (orig.)

Low-spin identical bands in odd-A nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baktash, C.; Garrett, J.D.; Winchell, D.F.; Smith, A.

1992-01-01

A comprehensive study of odd-A rotational bands in normally-deformed rare-earth nuclei indicates that a large number of seniority-one configurations (30% for odd-Z nuclei) at low spin have moments of inertia nearly identical to that of the seniority-zero configuration of the neighboring even-even nucleus with one less nucleon. It is difficult to reconcile these results with conventional models, based on the traditional picture of nuclear pair correlation in vogue for more than three decades, which predict variations of about 15% in the moments of inertia of configurations differing by one unit in seniority

Microscopic descriptions of collective SD bands in the A=190 mass region with the Gogny force

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Girod, M.

1997-01-01

In the framework of microscopic models, we present two methods for describing superdeformed (SD) band properties. The first one is the cranked Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov (HFB) method, without and with inclusion of particle number projection. The second one is the Gaussian overlap approximation to the generator coordinate method (GCM+GOA) with which we treat the five quadrupole collective coordinates. Both methods use the Gogny force. Moments of inertia and excitation energies of SD bands are calculated and compared with experimental results. (orig.). With 1 fig

The spin-orbit interaction and SU(3) generators in superdeformation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sugawara-Tanabe, K [School of Social Information, Otsuma Women` s University, Tokyo (Japan); Arima, A [Tokyo Univ. (Japan). Dept. of Physics

1992-08-01

The authors found that the effect of spin-orbit coupling becomes smaller for the parity doublet level and for some other levels around superdeformation. This is because of the strongly deformed quadrupole field, which indicates the L-S coupling scheme is recovered for these levels. These levels can be described by an SU-3 group with eight generators and a Casimir operator. 6 refs., 3 figs.

Low-spin identical bands in odd-A nuclei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Baktash, C; Garrett, J D; Winchell, D F; Smith, A [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)

1992-08-01

A comprehensive study of odd-A rotational bands in normally-deformed rare-earth nuclei indicates that a large number of seniority-one configurations (30% for odd-Z nuclei) at low spin have moments of inertia nearly identical to that of the seniority-zero configuration of the neighboring even-even nucleus with one less nucleon. It is difficult to reconcile these results with conventional models, based on the traditional picture of nuclear pair correlation in vogue for more than three decades, which predict variations of about 15% in the moments of inertia of configurations differing by one unit in seniority. (author). 18 refs., 1 tab., 1 fig.

Low-spin identical bands in odd-A nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baktash, C.; Garrett, J.D.; Winchell, D.F.; Smith, A.

1992-01-01

A comprehensive study of odd-A rotational bands in normally-deformed rare-earth nuclei indicates that a large number of seniority-one configurations (30% for odd-Z nuclei) at low spin have moments of inertia nearly identical to that of the seniority-zero configuration of the neighboring even-even nucleus with one less nucleon. It is difficult to reconcile these results with conventional models, based on the traditional picture of nuclear pair correlation in vogue for more than three decades, which predict variations of about 15% in the moments of inertia of configurations differing by one unit in seniority. (author). 18 refs., 1 tab., 1 fig

Decay out of the yrast and excited highly-deformed bands in the even-even nucleus {sup 134}Nd

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Petrache, C.M.; Bazzacco, D.; Lunardi, S. [Sezione di Padova (Italy)] [and others

1996-12-31

The resolving power achieved by the new generation of {gamma}-ray detector arrays allows now to observe transitions with intensities of the order of {approximately}10{sup {minus}3} of the population of the final residual nucleus, making therefore feasible the study of the very weakly populated excited bands built on the superdeformed (SD) minimum or of the decay out of the SD bands. As a matter of fact, numerous excited SD bands have been observed in the different regions of superdeformation, which led to a deeper understanding of the single-particle excitation in the second minimum. The first experimental breakthrough in the study of the decay out process has been achieved in the odd-even {sup 133,135}Nd nuclei of the A=130 mass region. There, the observation of the discrete linking transitions has been favored by the relatively higher intensity of the highly-deformed (HD) bands ({approximately}10%), as well as by the small excitation energy with respect to the yrast line in the decay-out region ({approximately}1 MeV). No discrete linking transitions have been so far observed in the A=80, 150 mass regions. The present results suggest that the decay out of the HD bands in {sup 134}Nd is triggered by the crossing with the N=4 [402]5/2{sup +} Nilsson orbital, that has a smaller deformation than the corresponding N=6 intruder configuration. The crossing favours the mixing with the ND rotational bands strongly enhancing the decay-out process and weakening the in-band transition strength. The HD band becomes fragmented and looses part of its character. The intensity of the decay-out transitions increases when the spin of the HD state decreases, indicating enhanced ND amplitude in the wavefunction when going down the band. Lifetime measurements of the HD bands are crucial to further elucidate the decay-out process.

ΔI = 2 Nuclear Staggering in Superdeformed Rotational Bands

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Okasha M. D.

2014-01-01

Full Text Available A four parameters model including collective rotational en ergies to fourth order is ap- plied to reproduce the ∆ I = 2 staggering in transition energies in four selected super deformed rotational bands, namely, 148 Gd (SD6, 194 Hg (SD1, SD2, SD3. The model parameters and the spin of the bandhead have been extracted a ssuming various val- ues to the lowest spin of the bandhead at nearest integer, in o rder to obtain a minimum root mean square deviation between calculated and the exper imental transition energies. This allows us to suggest the spin values for the energy level s which are experimentally unknown. For each band a staggering parameter represent the deviation of the transition energies from a smooth reference has been determined by calc ulating the fourth order derivative of the transition energies at a given spin. The st aggering parameter contains five consecutive transition energies which is denoted here a s the five-point formula. In order to get information about the dynamical moment of ine rtia, the two point for- mula which contains only two consecutive transition energi es has been also considered. The dynamical moment of inertia decreasing with increasing rotational frequency for A ∼ 150, while increasing for A ∼ 190 mass regions.

An algebraic description of identical bands and of high-spin quadrupole collectivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guidry, M.W.

1993-01-01

The Fermion Dynamical Symmetry Model (FDSM) has been used to describe electric quadrupole transition rates and static moments at high angular momentum in deformed nuclei. A quantitative description of these phenomena appears possible by these means. The formalism accounts naturally for those cases where significant reductions in B(E2) values are accompanied by relatively constant moments of inertia. A discussion of identical bands as being due to a dynamical symmetry will be given. The empirical properties of these bands and general principles of group theory will be used to place constraints on an acceptable symmetry. A model that represents a minimal implementation of these criteria will be presented

Collectivity of dipole bands in {sup 196}Pb

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carpenter, M.P.; Liang, Y.; Janssens, R.V.F. [and others

1995-08-01

The region of nuclei with mass {approximately} 190 was studied extensively over the last few years following the discovery of superdeformation in {sup 190}Hg. More recently, considerable interest in the neutron-deficient Pb isotopes developed with the discover of a number of bands at high spin connected by dipole transitions in both even {sup 192-200}Pb and odd {sup 197-201}Pb nuclei. The majority of the dipole bands are regular in character (i.e. transition energies increase smoothly with spin) while the remaining bands are referred to as irregular in character, due to the fact that the transition energies do not increase smoothly with spin. The properties of the dipole bands were interpreted in terms of high-K, moderately-deformed oblate states built on configurations involving high-J, shape-driving quasiproton excitations coupled to rotation-aligned quasineutrons. It was suggested that the difference between the regular and irregular dipole sequences is related to the deformation where the irregular sequences are thought to be less collective than their regular counterparts.

l-dependent potential barriers and superdeformed states

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gherghescu, R.A.; Royer, G.

1999-01-01

The macroscopic-microscopic energy of rotating nuclei moving in the fusion-like deformation valley has been determined within a generalized liquid drop model including the nuclear proximity energy, the two-center shell model and the Strutinsky method. The l-dependent potential barriers of the 84 Zr, 132 Ce, 152 Dy and 192 Hg nuclei have been determined. A first minimum having a pure microscopic origin and lodging the normally deformed states, progressively disappears with increasing angular momenta. The microscopic and macroscopic energies contribute to generate a second minimum where superdeformed states may survive. It becomes progressively the lowest one at intermediate spins. At still higher angular momenta, the minimum moves towards the foot of the external fission barrier leading to macroscopic hyper-deformed quasi-molecular states. (authors)

Saturation of Deformation and Identical Bands in Very-Neutron Rich Sr Isotopes

CERN Multimedia

2002-01-01

The present proposal aims at establishing nuclear properties in an isotopic chain showing unique features. These features include the saturation of ground state deformation at its onset and the existence of ground state identical bands in neighbouring nuclei with the same deformation. The measurements should help to elucidate the role played by the proton-neutron residual interaction between orbitals with large spatial overlap, i.e. $\\pi g _{9/2} \

Single-step link of the superdeformed band in 143Eu

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Atac, A.; Bergstroem, M.H.; Nyberg, J.; Persson, J.; Herskind, B.; Joss, D.T.; Lipoglavsek, M.; Tucek, K.

1996-01-01

A discrete γ-ray ransition with an energy of 3360.6 keV deexciting the second lowest SD state in 143 Eu has been discovered. It carries 3.2 % of the full intensity of the band and feeds into a nearly spherical state which is above the I = 35/2 (+) , E x =4947 keV level. The exact placement of the single-step link is, however, not established due to the specially complicated level scheme in the region of interest. The energy of the single-step link agrees well with the previously determined two-step links. (orig.)

Low-spin identical bands in neighboring odd-A and even-even nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baktash, C.; Winchell, D.F.; Garrett, J.D.; Smith, A.

1992-01-01

A comprehensive study of odd-A rotational bands in normally deformed rare-earth nuclei indicates that a large number of seniority-one configurations (21% for odd-Z nuclei) at low spin have moments of inertia nearly identical to that of the seniority-zero configuration of the neighboring even-even nucleus with one less nucleon. It is difficult to reconcile these results with conventional models of nuclear pair correlation, which predict variations of about 15% in the moments of inertia of configurations differing by one unit in seniority

Low-spin identical bands in neighboring odd-A and even-even nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baktash, C.; Winchell, D.F.; Garrett, J.D.; Smith, A.

1993-01-01

A comprehensive study of odd-A rotational bands in normally deformed rare-earth nuclei indicates that a large number of seniority-one configurations (21 % for odd-Z nuclei) at low spin have moments of inertia nearly identical to that of the seniority-zero configuration of the neighboring even-even nucleus with one less nucleon. It is difficult to reconcile these results with conventional models of nuclear pair correlation, which predict variations of about 15% in the moments of inertia of configurations differing by one unit in seniority. (orig.)

Nuclear moments of inertia inferred from wobbling motion in the triaxial superdeformed nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matsuzaki, Masayuki; Shimizu, Yoshifumi R.; Matsuyanagi, Kenichi

2003-01-01

The three moments of inertia associated with the wobbling mode built on the triaxial superdeformed states in Lu-Hf region are investigated by means of the cranked shell model plus random-phase approximation to the configurations with aligned quasiparticle(s). The result indicates that it is crucial to take into account the direct contribution to the moments of inertia from the aligned quasiparticle(s)so as to realize T x > T y in positive-γ shapes. (author)

Alpha particle spectra in coincidence with normal and superdeformed states in {sup 150}Tb

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Viesti, G.; Lunardon, M.; Bazzacco, D. [dell`Universita, Padova (Italy)]|[INFN, Padova (Italy)] [and others

1996-12-31

The study of correlations between particle evaporation from highly excited compound nuclei at large angular momenta and the states in the final evaporation residues (ER) is a field of investigation which has been opened, in the last years, with the advent of the new large {gamma}-ray arrays. It is now possible to correlate the evaporation spectra to various bands with shapes ranging from spherical to superdeformed (SD) in the same final nucleus. It is generally accepted that the particle evaporation from the compound nucleus is chaotic and that only in the near-yrast {gamma} cascade, where the feeding of different classes of states takes place, the ordered motion is restored. The sensitivity of the particle spectra on the feeding of specific states in the residual nuclei can be taken as an indication that additional degrees of freedom might be important in the evaporation process or that particular regions of the phase space open to the decay populate preferentially some selected structures in the final cold nucleus. This latter point is important for the understanding of the feeding mechanism of SD states. Several experiments performed so far did not find a clear dependence of the shapes of the particle spectra on the excited states having different deformations in the ER. For example, the proton spectra in coincidence with transitions in the SD bands of {sup 133}Nd and {sup 152}Dy nuclei were found to be similar to those in coincidence with transitions in the normal deformed (ND) bands. Alpha particles have been proposed since long as a sensitive probe of the deformation of the emitting nucleus. Results are presented here of an experiment in which the authors have measured the energy spectra of alpha particles associated with different classes of states (ND and SD) in the {sup 150}Tb nucleus populated in the reaction {sup 37}Cl({sup 120}Sn, {alpha}3n{gamma}){sup 150}Tb.

Listen to the band! How sound can realize group identity and enact intergroup domination.

Science.gov (United States)

Shayegh, John; Drury, John; Stevenson, Clifford

2017-03-01

Recent research suggests that sound appraisal can be moderated by social identity. We validate this finding, and also extend it, by examining the extent to which sound can also be understood as instrumental in intergroup relations. We interviewed nine members of a Catholic enclave in predominantly Protestant East Belfast about their experiences of an outgroup (Orange Order) parade, where intrusive sound was a feature. Participants reported experiencing the sounds as a manifestation of the Orange Order identity and said that it made them feel threatened and anxious because they felt it was targeted at them by the outgroup (e.g., through aggressive volume increases). There was also evidence that the sounds produced community disempowerment, which interviewees explicitly linked to the invasiveness of the music. Some interviewees described organizing to collectively 'drown out' the bands' sounds, an activity which appeared to be uplifting. These findings develop the elaborated social identity model of empowerment, by showing that intergroup struggle and collective self-objectification can operate through sound as well as through physical actions. © 2016 The British Psychological Society.

Gamma multi-detectors and nuclear structure studies: search for superdeformed structures in {sup 147}Gd and {sup 144}Gd isotopes using Crystal Castle; simulation calculations for EUROGAM multi-detector definition; Multidetecteurs gamma et etudes de structure nucleaire: recherche avec le Chateau de Cristal de structures superdeformees dans les isotopes {sup 147}Gd et {sup 144}Gd; calculs de simulation pour la definition du multidetecteur EUROGAM

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

France, G de

1992-12-31

Computer simulations have been used for the calculation of the new generation of 4 {pi}{gamma} multi-detectors (Castle Crystal) of EUROGAM system (phase I and II). Two superdeformed bands (I and II), comprising 16 and 13 transitions respectively, have been described for {sup 147}Gd nucleus during the {sup 122}Sn({sup 30}Si,5n) fusion-evaporation reaction in a 155 MeV bombardment energy. Dynamic inertia momentum similarities and gamma transition energy similarities have been observed between band I and {sup 148}Gd nucleus and between band II and {sup 146}Gd nucleus, respectively. These similarities can be related to a pseudo-spin symmetry. Calculations suggest the existence of an octupolar susceptibility in this mass region. {sup 144}Gd nucleus has been studied using {sup 120}Sn({sup 29}Si,5n) fusion-evaporation reaction in a 155 MeV bombardment energy and using {sup 100}Mo({sup 48}Ti,4n) reactions in a 200 MeV bombardment energy. {gamma}-{gamma} coincidences have revealed the existence of a 58 keV width valley in the matrix representation compatible with theoretical predictions. In spite of the evidence for about ten transitions during these experiments, no superdeformed structure has been demonstrated for {sup 144}Gd nucleus. (J.S.). 87 refs., 57 figs., 41 tabs.

Nuclear moments of inertia and wobbling motions in triaxial superdeformed nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matsuzaki, Masayuki; Shimizu, Yoshifumi R.; Matsuyanagi, Kenichi

2004-01-01

The wobbling motion excited on triaxial superdeformed nuclei is studied in terms of the cranked shell model plus random phase approximation. First, by calculating at a low rotational frequency the γ dependence of the three moments of inertia associated with the wobbling motion, the mechanism of the appearance of the wobbling motion in positive-γ nuclei is clarified theoretically--the rotational alignment of the πi 13/2 quasiparticle(s) is the essential condition. This indicates that the wobbling motion is a collective motion that is sensitive to the single-particle alignment. Second, we prove that the observed unexpected rotational-frequency dependence of the wobbling frequency is an outcome of the rotational-frequency dependent dynamical moments of inertia

Collectivity of high spin states in {sup 84}Zr

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lister, C.J.; Blumenthal, D.; Crowell, B. [and others

1995-08-01

{sup 84}Zr is one of the most extensively studied of the A {approximately} 80 rotors, both from theoretical and experimental approaches. It was predicted to be a good candidate to support superdeformation, and to show interesting spectroscopic properties including saturation of its shell-model space at lower spin. We performed an experiment using Gammasphere in its early implementation phase. The reaction of {sup 29}Si on {sup 58}Ni was used to strongly populate {sup 84}Zr at high spin. Thin and thick targets were used to allow the extraction of transitional matrix elements at very high spin, and to allow a sensitive search for superdeformed states. Data analysis is in progress. The large data set allowed us to extend the previously known bands considerably. Candidates for a staggered M1-band, found previously {sup 86}Zr, were located. To date, no evidence for superdeformed bands was found. Analysis was slowed by the relocation of all the participants in this experiment, but we hope to complete the lifetime analysis this year. This analysis has become especially topical, due to reported measurements of superdeformation in this region.

Microscopic study of superdeformation in the A = 150 mass region

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rigollet, C.; Gall, B. [CNRS, Strasbourg (France); Bonche, P. [CEN Saclay, Gif sur Yvette (France)] [and others

1996-12-31

The authors are presently investigating the properties of superdeformed (SD) nuclear states in the A=150 mass region. For that purpose, they use the cranked HFB method in which pairing correlations are treated dynamically by means of the Lipkin-Nogami prescription. Their goal is to take advantage of the large amount of experimental data to test the predictive power of their microscopic approach and of the effective interaction. In the present communication, they focus on {sup 152}Dy and {sup 153}Dy for which there are recent experimental data. In particular lifetime measurements have allowed to extract electric quadrupole moments. The new Skyrme effective force SLy4 is used to describe the nucleon-nucleon interaction, while for the pairing channel the authors use a density-dependent zero-range interaction.

Clustering aspects of sd shell nuclei studied by AMD

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kimura, Masaaki; Taniguchi, Yasutaka; En'yo, Yoshiko; Horiuchi, Hisashi

2006-01-01

The new clustering aspects of sd-shell nuclei found by the recent application of the antisymmetrized molecular dynamics are reported. In this paper we present two topics, 'superdeformed band of 32 S and 16 O + 16 O clustering' and 'molecular-orbital and di-nuclei states in 22 Ne'. In the first topic, it will be shown that the superdeformed band of 32S has a considerable amount of 16 O + 16 O cluster component, and can be regarded as to belong to a family of the 16 O + 16 O molecular bands. In the second topic, the presence of the molecularorbital band which has an α + 16 O cluster core surrounded by two covalently neutrons is suggested together with an α + 18 O di-nuclei band

Study of nano - second isomers near 146Gd

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pramanik, Dibyadyuti; Sarkar, S.; Bisoi, Abhijit; Ray, Sudatta; Ray, I.; Pradhan, M.K.; Goswami, A.; Banerjee, P.; Mukherjee, A.; Bhattacharya, S.; Saha Sarkar, M.; Chakraborty, A.; Dey, Gautam; Krishichayan; Kshetri, R.; Ganguly, S.; Raut, R.; Ray Basu, M.; Ganguly, G.; Ghugre, S.S.; Sinha, A.K.; Basu, S.K.

2010-01-01

The nuclei near 146 Gd show rich variety in their excitation spectra. Spectra exhibiting characteristics of extreme single particle, multi-particle-hole excitation, magnetic bands to strong collectivity manifested through superdeformation, and triaxial superdeformation have been widely studied. In the present work, a few isomers in the mass ≅150 region using the RF - gamma coincidence data are studied

A new relation of parameters of Bohr-Mottelson rotational spectra formula

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li Mingliang; Xu Fuxin

2003-01-01

With the first three terms of Harris formula included and Mottelson's method followed, a new relation of the parameters of Bohr-Mottelson rotational spectra formula is brought forward. Superdeformed bands of even-even nuclei and normal deformed bands of nuclei in actinide and rare-earth are fitted with four-parameter Bohr-Mottelson rotational spectra formula. The relations of the parameters A, B, C, D are studied. The result show, for normal deformed bands, the new relation approach the experiment value in the same degree as the relation deduced from ab formula, but for superdeformed bands, the new relation is closer to the experiment than the relation deduced from ab formula. Three-parameter Harris formula may have better convergence than two-parameter Harris formula

α-clustering and triaxial deformations in 40Ca

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Taniguchi, Yasutaka; Kimura, Masaaki; Kanada-En'yo, Yoshiko; Horiuchi, Hisashi

2007-01-01

We have studied the positive-parity states of 40 Ca using antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD) and the generator coordinate method (GCM). Imposing two different kinds of constraints on the variational calculation, we have found various kinds of 40 Ca structures such as a deformed-shell structure, as well as α- 36 Ar and 12 C- 28 Si cluster structures. After the GCM calculation, we obtained a normal-deformed band and a superdeformed band together with their side bands associated with triaxial deformation. The calculated B(E2) values agreed well with empirical data. It was also found that the normal-deformed and superdeformed bands contain α- 36 Ar and 12 C- 28 Si cluster structure components, respectively. This leads to the presence of an α- 36 Ar higher-nodal band occurring above the normal-deformed band

Clustering and triaxial deformations of 40Ca

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Taniguchi, Yasutaka; Kimura, Masaaki; Kanada-En'yo, Yoshiko; Horiuchi, Hisashi

2007-01-01

We have studied the positive-parity states of 40 Ca using antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD) and the generator coordinate method (GCM). Imposing two different kinds of constraints on the variational calculation, we have found various kinds of 40 Ca structures such as a deformed-shell structure, as well as α- 36 Ar and 12 C- 28 Si cluster structures. After the GCM calculation, we obtained a normal-deformed band and a superdeformed band together with their side bands associated with triaxial deformation. The calculated B(E2) values agreed well with empirical data. It was also found that the normal-deformed and superdeformed bands have non-negligible α- 36 Ar cluster and 12 C- 28 Si cluster components, respectively. This leads to the presence of an α- 36 Ar higher nodal band occurring above the normal-deformed band

Clustering aspects of sd shell nuclei studied by AMD

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kimura, Masaaki [Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan); Taniguchi, Yasutaka [Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan); En' yo, Yoshiko [Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan); Horiuchi, Hisashi [Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan)

2006-10-10

The new clustering aspects of sd-shell nuclei found by the recent application of the antisymmetrized molecular dynamics are reported. In this paper we present two topics, 'superdeformed band of {sup 32}S and {sup 16}O + {sup 16}O clustering' and 'molecular-orbital and di-nuclei states in {sup 22}Ne'. In the first topic, it will be shown that the superdeformed band of 32S has a considerable amount of {sup 16}O + {sup 16}O cluster component, and can be regarded as to belong to a family of the {sup 16}O + {sup 16}O molecular bands. In the second topic, the presence of the molecularorbital band which has an {alpha} + {sup 16}O cluster core surrounded by two covalently neutrons is suggested together with an {alpha} + {sup 18}O di-nuclei band.

Calculation of the spectrum of {gamma} rays connecting superdeformed and normally deformed nuclear states

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dossing, T.; Khoo, T.L.; Lauritsen, T. [and others

1995-08-01

The decay out of superdeformed states occurs by coupling to compound nuclear states of normal deformation. The coupling is very weak, resulting in mixing of the SD state with one or two normal compound states. With a high energy available for decay, a statistical spectrum ensues. The shape of this statistical spectrum contains information on the level densities of the excited states below the SD level. The level densities are sensitively affected by the pair correlations. Thus decay-out of a SD state (which presents us with a means to start a statistical cascade from a highly-excited sharp state) provides a method for investigating the reduction of pairing with increasing thermal excitation energy.

Shape isomers: Mean-field description and beyond

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bonche, P.; Krieger, S.J.; Weiss, M.S.; Dobaczewski, J.; Meyer, J.

1990-01-01

Nuclear Hartree-Fock (HF) + BCS calculations have led to predictions of shape isomerism in isotopes of Pt, Hg and Os nuclei. These have been confirmed through the observation of superdeformed rotational bands in 190,hor-ellipsis,194 Hg. Encouraged by these measurements and similar observations in 194 Pb, we have extended these calculations to a wide range of contiguous nuclei. These HF results, for 192,194 Pt, 190,hor-ellipsis,198 Hg and 194 Pb, have been employed in a Generator Coordinate Method (GCM) calculation utilizing the quadrupole deformation as the generating variable. The resulting spectra confirm the conclusions drawn from the HF results and agree with those experiments which have been performed. Adding a phenomenological assumption for the moments of inertia of our GCM states, we can construct the radiative transitions within and out of the superdeformed band. The results are in good agreement with the observed de-population of the superdeformed band built upon the shape isomer both in minimum angular momentum and in rapidity of de-population. Inferences for the existence of shape isomers will be drawn. 19 refs., 4 figs

γ-spectroscopy of the superdeformed 240mPu with the CLUSTER-CUBE

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pansegrau, D.; Ender, C.; Haertlein, T.; Koeck, F.; Reiter, P.; Schwalm, D.; Eberth, J.; Thomas, H.G.

1997-01-01

The study of γ-decays of excited states in the second minimum of the double-humped fission barrier in actinides can make a substantial contribution towards a better understanding of the structure of superdeformed nuclei. An experiment using the EUROBALL-CLUSTER-CUBE was performed to observe these extremely rare γ-decays. The 238 U(α, 2n)-reaction was selected to populate the shape isomer 240m Pu, which decays via delayed fission with a half life of 3.8 ns. The delayed fission enables an unambiguous trigger on the population of the shape isomer. Prompt γ-decays of excited states in the second minimum were detected in coincidence with delayed fission fragments. A strong transition at 786 keV, which shows an isotropic angular distribution, and some weaker transitions in the region of 550 keV and 820 keV could be observed. (orig.)

Shell model for warm rotating nuclei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Matsuo, M.; Yoshida, K. [Kyoto Univ. (Japan); Dossing, T. [Univ. of Copenhagen (Denmark)] [and others

1996-12-31

Utilizing a shell model which combines the cranked Nilsson mean-field and the residual surface and volume delta two-body forces, the authors discuss the onset of rotational damping in normal- and super-deformed nuclei. Calculation for a typical normal deformed nucleus {sup 168}Yb indicates that the rotational damping sets in at around 0.8 MeV above the yrast line, and about 30 rotational bands of various length exists at a given rotational frequency, in overall agreement with experimental findings. It is predicted that the onset of rotational damping changes significantly in different superdeformed nuclei due to the variety of the shell gaps and single-particle orbits associated with the superdeformed mean-field.

Evidences for magicity in superdeformed shapes

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

inertia (0) and nuclear softness parameter (σ) for the SD bands in all the mass regions ... to a good understanding of the observed SD bands and fission isomers. .... to the positions of least level density, we expect the. SD bands near magic nucleon numbers to be more close to exact rigid rotor. The usual. 30 40. 50. 60. 70.

The study of very high spin states

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nolan, P.J.

1992-01-01

Some examples are given of the study of very high spin states that decay by discrete line gamma-ray emission. States up to spin 70(h/2π) have been seen in superdeformed bands. In other bands with normal deformation the limit is near 50(h/2π). (Author)

Investigation of high spin structure of N ∼ 28 nuclei with PHF model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Naik, Z.

2016-01-01

Nucleus in 50 mass shows verity of high spin phenomena. Some of them are K-Isomer, Band termination, States Beyond Band termination, Superdeformed Structure, Shape co-existence and many more. Some of these phenomena with Projected Hartree-Fock (PHF) model are addressed and the microscopic structure associate with them is discussed

A particle-number conserving microscopic approach to octupole deformation of normal deformed and superdeformed states in 194Pb

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nhan Hao, T.V.; Phu Dat, D.H.; Hoang Tung, N.; Tran, H.N.

2015-01-01

The left–right asymmetric deformation of normal deformed (ND) and superdeformed (SD) states of 194 Pb has been investigated in the framework of the parity-symmetry projection of the highly truncated diagonalization approach (HTDA), which is suited to treat the correlations in an explicitly particle-number conserving microscopic approach. A Skyrme energy density functional using the SIII and SkM* interactions has been considered to treat the particle–hole channel, whereas a density-independent δ force has been adopted for the residual interaction. The obtained results are compared with previous approaches. The calculated octupole phonon excitation energy is found to be in good qualitative agreement with available data in the ND state. (author)

Investigations of nuclear structure and nuclear reactions induced by complex projectiles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sarantites, D.G.

1993-01-01

This is a progress report on activities of the Washington University group in nuclear reaction studies for the period Sept 1, 1992 to Aug 31, 1993. This group has a research program which touches five areas of nuclear physics: nuclear structure studies at high spin; studies at the interface between structure and reactions; production and study of hot nuclei; reaction mechanism studies; development and use of novel techniques and instrumentation in the above areas of research. Specific activities of the group include in part: superdeformation in 82 Sr; structure of and identical bands in 182 Hg and 178 Pt; a highly deformed band in 136 Pm; particle decay of the 164 Yb compound nucleus; fusion reactions; proton evaporation; two-proton decay of 12 O; modeling and theoretical studies; excited 16 O disassembly into four alpha particles; 209 Bi + 136 Xe collisions at 28.2 MeV/amu; and development work on 4π solid angle gamma detectors, and x-ray detectors

#MarchOnRome: Of Alterity, Social Media, and Marching Bands

Science.gov (United States)

Abramo, Joseph

2016-01-01

In this online ethnography, I studied marching band identity by examining marching band enthusiasts' and music educators' responses on music teacher professional forums, Twitter, blogs, and other online media, to sports commentator Jim Rome's tweets describing marching band members as "dorks." Using a framework of alterity--or the…

Change of deformation at the backbending in the yrast superdeformed band of {sup 144}Gd

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ur, C.A.; Bolzonella, G.P.; Bazzacco, D. [dell`Universita, Padova (Italy)]|[INFN, Padova (Italy)] [and others

1996-12-31

A mean lifetime measurement using the Doppler shift attenuation method has been performed at GASP in order to extract the quadrupole moment of the yrast SD band of {sup 144}Gd. The extracted intrinsic quadrupole moments, being Q{sub 0}=13.7 eb above the backbending and Q{sub 0}=11.8 eb below the backbending, are consistent with a change of deformation from {beta}{sub 2}=0.51 (at {beta}{sub 4} {approx} 0.050) to {beta}{sub 2}=0.45 (at {beta}{sub 4} {approx}0.035). The experimental results are in nice agreement with the theoretical predictions, which revealed that the second well in {sup 144}Gd arises essentially from the very favored shell structure at N=80 and Z=64. The occupation at higher frequency of the aligned N=6 proton orbitals drives the nucleus to a slightly more deformed shape.

Study of the strength distribution of primary γ-transitions in the decay from superdeformed states in 194Hg

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lopez-Martens, A.P.; Doessing, T.; Khoo, T.L.; Korichi, A.; Hannachi, F.; Calderin, I.J.; Lauritsen, T.; Ahmad, I.; Carpenter, M.P.; Fischer, S.M.; Hackman, G.; Janssens, R.V.F.; Nisius, D.; Reiter, P.; Amro, H.; Moore, E.F.

1999-01-01

The strength distribution of the primary γ rays in the decay from superdeformed (SD) states is investigated by applying the maximum likelihood method. For the 194 Hg nucleus, 41 primary transitions are identified above 2600 keV. It is concluded that they represent the strongest 10% of the transitions selected stochastically from a Porter-Thomas distribution. This would support the scenario of a statistical decay of SD states via coupling to a compound state at normal deformation. However, the occurrence of several very strong 'one-step linking' transitions is found to have a very small probability. Based on the absence of strong primary transitions from SD states in adjacent nuclei, the situation in 194 Hg is viewed as a very lucky incidence

The highest spin discrete levels in 131,132Ce

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Paul, E S; Choy, P T W; Andreoiu, C; Boston, A J; Evans, A O; Fox, C; Gros, S; Nolan, P J; Rainovski, G; Sampson, J A; Scraggs, H C; Walker, A; Appelbe, D E; Joss, D T; Simpson, J; Gizon, J; Astier, A; Buforn, N; Prevost, A; Redon, N; Stezowski, O; Nyako, B M; Sohler, D; Timar, J; Zolnai, L; Bazzacco, D; Lunardi, S; Petrache, C M; Bednarczyk, P; Curien, D; Kintz, N; Ragnarsson, I

2006-01-01

The three superdeformed (SD) bands in 132 Ce and the two SD bands in 131 Ce have been extended to higher spin following experiments with the EUROBALL IV spectrometer. The two SD bands in 131 Ce have been linked together. However, despite the relatively high population intensity of the bands (up to 5% of the respective channel), it has not been possible to unambiguously link any of the five SD bands into the low-spin, normally deformed structures of 131,132 Ce

Rebel Rock : Lynyrd Skynyrd, Normaal, and Regional Identity

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Zwiers, Maarten

2015-01-01

This essay examines the construction of regional identity in the music of two rock bands that became popular during the 1970s: Lynyrd Skynyrd and the Dutch formation Normaal. I discuss the similarities and differences between both bands and analyze the most important sites and characters that appear

Tracking intruder states

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Riedinger, L L; Mueller, W F; Yu, C H [Tennessee Univ., Knoxville, TN (United States). Dept. of Physics

1992-08-01

The deformation-driving effects of intruder states are studied by analysis of various types of data on rotational bands in rare-earth deformed nuclei. The sensitivity of four measurables (bandhead energy, B(E2) value, neutron i{sub 13/2} crossing frequency, and signature splitting) to increased deformation in an intruder band is shown. The analysis of signature splitting systematics is extended to known superdeformed bands. (author). 22 refs., 5 figs.

Triaxiality and the wobbling mode In 167Lu

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amro, H.; Ma, W.C.; Winger, J.A.; Li, Y.; Thompson, J.; Hagemann, G.; Herskind, B.; Sletten, G.; Wilson, J.N.; Jensen, D.R.; Fallon, P.; Ward, D.; Diamond, R.M.; Goergen, A.; Machiavelli, A.; Huebel, H.; Domscheit, J.; Wiedenhoewer, I.

2002-01-01

High spin states in 167Lu nucleus were populated through the 123Sb(48Ca,xn) reaction at 203 MeV. Five presumably triaxial superdeformed (TSD) bands have been found. The electromagnetic properties of several connecting transitions between the yrast (TSD1) and the excited (TSD2) bands have been established. Evidence for the assignment of TSD2 band as a wobbling mode built on the yrast TSD band is presented. These bands coexist with bands built on quasiparticle excitations in normal deformed (ND) minimum for which new data are also presented

Evidence of the wobbling mode

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Odegaard, S.W.; Tjoem, P.O.; Hagemann, G.B.; Jensen, D.R.; Bergstroem, M.; Herskind, B.; Sletten, G.; Toermaenen, S.; Wilson, J.N.; Hamamoto, I.; Spohr, K.; Huebel, H.; Goergen, A.; Schoenwasser, G.; Bracco, A.; Leoni, S.; Maj, A.; Petrache, C.M.; Bednarczyk, P.; Curien, D.

2002-01-01

The wobbling mode is a direct consequence of rotational motion of a triaxial body. The wobbling degree of freedom introduces sequences of bands with increasing number of wobbling quanta and a characteristic ΔI=1 decay pattern between the bands in competition with the in-band decay. A favorable candidate for establishing this exotic excitation mode is found for the first time in one of the Lu-isotopes for which stable triaxial superdeformed shapes are expected

Structure of wobbling excitations in 163Lu

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carlsson, B.G.

2007-01-01

Using a many-particles plus rotor model, wobbling excitations built on top of a triaxial superdeformed band in 163 Lu are investigated. By extracting all parameters for the rotor from a mean field calculation a good correspondence with calculations based on the random-phase approximation is achieved. (author)

Contrasting Visions: Identity, Literacy, and Boundary Work in a Fan Community

Science.gov (United States)

Korobkova, Ksenia A.; Black, Rebecca W.

2014-01-01

This article focuses on learning and identity-related practices of young female fans of a popular British boy band called One Direction. Drawing on qualitative inquiry into a fanfiction community formed around the band, analysis highlights (a) the literate work fans engage in, including writing, reading, critiquing, and collaborating on multimodal…

Tri-Band CPW-Fed Stub-Loaded Slot Antenna Design for WLAN/WiMAX Applications

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Jianxing; Guo, Jianying; He, Bin; Zhang, Anxue; Liu, Qing Huo

2016-11-01

A novel uniplanar CPW-fed tri-band stub-loaded slot antenna is proposed for wireless local area network (WLAN) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) applications. Dual resonant modes were effectively excited in the upper band by using two identical pairs of slot stubs and parasitic slots symmetrically along the arms of a traditional CPW-fed slot dipole, achieving a much wider bandwidth. The middle band was realized by the fundamental mode of the slot dipole. To obtain the lower band, two identical inverted-L-shaped open-ended slots were symmetrically etched in the ground plane. A prototype was fabricated and measured, showing that tri-band operation with 10-dB return loss bandwidths of 150 MHz from 2.375 to 2.525 GHz, 725 MHz from 3.075 to 3.8 GHz, and 1.9 GHz from 5.0 to 6.9 GHz has been achieved. Details of the antenna design as well as the measured and simulated results are presented and discussed.

{Delta}I = 2 energy staggering in normal deformed dysprosium nuclei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Riley, M.A.; Brown, T.B.; Archer, D.E. [Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States)] [and others

1996-12-31

Very high spin states (I{ge}50{Dirac_h}) have been observed in {sup 155,156,157}Dy. The long regular band sequences, free from sharp backbending effects, observed in these dysprosium nuclei offer the possibility of investigating the occurence of any {Delta}I = 2 staggering in normal deformed nuclei. Employing the same analysis techniques as used in superdeformed nuclei, certain bands do indeed demonstrate an apparent staggering and this is discussed.

Ferritin associates with marginal band microtubules

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Infante, Anthony A.; Infante, Dzintra; Chan, M.-C.; How, P.-C.; Kutschera, Waltraud; Linhartova, Irena; Muellner, Ernst W.; Wiche, Gerhard; Propst, Friedrich

2007-01-01

We characterized chicken erythrocyte and human platelet ferritin by biochemical studies and immunofluorescence. Erythrocyte ferritin was found to be a homopolymer of H-ferritin subunits, resistant to proteinase K digestion, heat stable, and contained iron. In mature chicken erythrocytes and human platelets, ferritin was localized at the marginal band, a ring-shaped peripheral microtubule bundle, and displayed properties of bona fide microtubule-associated proteins such as tau. Red blood cell ferritin association with the marginal band was confirmed by temperature-induced disassembly-reassembly of microtubules. During erythrocyte differentiation, ferritin co-localized with coalescing microtubules during marginal band formation. In addition, ferritin was found in the nuclei of mature erythrocytes, but was not detectable in those of bone marrow erythrocyte precursors. These results suggest that ferritin has a function in marginal band formation and possibly in protection of the marginal band from damaging effects of reactive oxygen species by sequestering iron in the mature erythrocyte. Moreover, our data suggest that ferritin and syncolin, a previously identified erythrocyte microtubule-associated protein, are identical. Nuclear ferritin might contribute to transcriptional silencing or, alternatively, constitute a ferritin reservoir

Microscopic description of nuclear shapes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Egido, J.L.; Robledo, L.M.; Valor, A.; Villafranca, A. [Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (Spain)

1996-12-31

The approximate particle number theory for density dependent forces is sketched, the theory is applied to discuss properties of the superdeformed ground state and excited bands of {sup 192}Hg. The force used in the calculations is the finite range density dependent Gogny force. The agreement with the available experimental results is very satisfactory.

Pseudo-spin flip in doubly decoupled structures and identical bands

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kreiner, A.J.; Cardona, M.A.; Somacal, H.; Debray, M.E.; Hojman, D.; Davidson, J.; Davidson, M.; De Acuna, D.; Napoli, D.R.; Rico, J.; Bazzacco, D.; Burch, R.; Lenzi, S.M.; Rossi Alvarez, C.; Blasi, N.; Lo Bianco, G.

1995-01-01

Unfavored components of doubly decoupled bands are reported for the first time. They can be interpreted as having the pseudo-spin flipped relative to the orientation in the favored components, i.e. antialigned with respect to the rotation axis. In addition, the differences in consecutive transition energies along the favored and unfavored sequences are strikingly similar among them up to I π =15 + and 14 + respectively. This feature arises from a cancellation of differences in alignments and moments of inertia. ((orig.))

The performance of identity in Chinese popular music

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Groenewegen, Jeroen

2011-01-01

Popular music in Chinese languages both reflects and influences how its audiences perceive themselves and their position in the world around them. This book analyses the role of popular music in identity formation through detailed comparisons of the pop star Faye Wong, the rock band Second Hand Rose

A multi-channel S-band FMCW radar front-end

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Maas, A.P.M.; Vliet, F.E. van

2008-01-01

This paper describes the design and performance of a low-cost synthesized FMCW radar module, operating in S band. The bi-layer PCB contains a frequency-agile low phase-noise synthesizer and three identical coherent receive-channels. The transmit channel has an automatic power control system that

Pseudo-spin band in the odd-odd nucleus sup 1 sup 7 sup 2 Lu

CERN Document Server

Venkova, T; Gast, W; Podsvirova, E O; Jäger, H M; Mihailescu, L; Bazzacco, D; Menegazzo, R; Lunardi, S; Alvarez, C R; Ur, C; Martínez, T; Angelis, G D; Axiotis, M; Napoli, D; Urban, W; Rzaca-Urban, T; Frauendorf, S

2003-01-01

High-spin states in the odd-odd nucleus sup 1 sup 7 sup 2 Lu have been populated in a sup 1 sup 7 sup 0 Er( sup 7 Li,5n) reaction and the emitted gamma-radiation was detected with the GASP array. Two sequences of a new identical band have been observed with the transition energies in the favoured and unfavoured sequences being identical within approx 3 keV at low spins and approx 1 keV at high spins over the whole observed spin range. An interpretation as a pseudo-spin singlet band of pi 1/2 sup - [541] x nu 1/2 sup - [420] configuration is proposed. It represents the best example of a pseudo-spin singlet band in normal deformed nuclei known until now.

Derivation of Oscillators from Biquadratic Band Pass Filters Using Circuit Transformations

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hung-Yu Wang

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Network transformations are the techniques to obtain new functional schemes from available circuits. They are systematic methodologies, since each transformation technique can be applied to many circuits to obtain the desired functions or characteristics. A convenient network transformation method, exploiting different circuit transformations, for deriving linear sinusoidal oscillators from biquadratic band pass filters is proposed. This method with generality can be applied to any band pass filter. The oscillation frequency of the new obtained oscillator is identical to the center frequency of the original band pass filter, and the useful properties of the selected band pass filter can be retained. Two examples are illustrated to confirm the feasibility of the proposed approach. The workability of the obtained oscillators is verified with PSPICE simulations.

Structures of exotic nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hamilton, J.H.

1987-01-01

Discoveries of many different types of nuclear shape coexistence are being found at both low and high excitation energies throughout the periodic table, as documented in recent reviews. Many new types of shape coexistence have been observed at low excitation energies, for examples bands on more than four different overlapping and coexisting shapes are observed in 185 Au, and competing triaxial and prolate shapes in 71 Se and 176 Pt. Discrete states in super-deformed bands with deformations β 2 ∼ 0.4-0.6, coexisting with other shapes, have been seen to high spin up to 60ℎ in 152 Dy, 132 Ce and 135 Nd. Super-deformed nuclei with N and Z both around 38 and around Z = 38, N ≥ 60. These data led to the discovery of new shell gaps and magic numbers of 38 for N and Z and 60 for N but now for deformed shapes. Marked differences in structure are observed at spins of 6 to 20 in nuclei in this region, which differ by only two protons; for example, 68 Ge and 70 Se. The differences are thought to be related to the competing shell gaps in these nuclei

Predicting superdeformed rotational band-head spin in A ∼ 190 ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Table1 Shi2 ab3. Becker4 CBM5 SAM6 Zeng7. 191Au(b1). 187. 184.6. 1.5. 0.1185. 9.5. 9.5. 7.5. 7.5. –. 7.5. 7.5. 7.5. 191Au(b2). 398. 398.7. 8.4. 0.0928. 17.5. 17.5 17.5. 17.5. –. 17.5. 17.5 17.5. 191Au(b3). 383. 383.3. 7.4. 0.0916. 16.5. 16.5 17.5. 17.5. –. 16.5. 16.5 16.5. 190Hg(b1). 317. 316.8. 6.8. 0.0834. 12. 12. 13. 13. 12.

Superdeformation, Hyperdeformation and Clustering in the Actinide Region

Science.gov (United States)

Krasznahorkay, A.; Habs, D.; Hunyadi, M.; Gassmann, D.; Csatlos, M.; Eisermann, Y.; Faestermann, T.; Graw, G.; Gulyas, J.; Hertenberger, R.; Maier, H. J.; Mate, Z.; Metz, A.; Ott, J.; Thirolf, P.; van der Werf, S. Y.

2001-03-01

Excited states in the second minimum of 240Pu were populated by the 238U(α ,2n) reaction at Eα=25 MeV. Conversion electrons from electromagnetic transitions preceding the fission of the 3.7 ns 240fPu shape isomer have been measured. In a combined analysis of e- and high resolution γ -ray spectroscopy data previously established octupole bands could be studied in more detail. In order to study higher lying states in the second and third minimum the 239Pu(d,pf)240Pu, and the 233U(d,pf)234U reactions have been studied with high energy resolution. The observed fission resonances were described as members of rotational bands with rotational parameters characteristic to super- and hyperdeformed nuclear shapes. The level density of the most strongly excited states has been compared to the prediction of the back-shifted Fermi-gas formula and the energy of the ground state in third minimum has been estimated for the first time in 234U. The fission fragment mass distribution of the hyperdeformed states in 236U has also been measured. The width of the mass distribution, coincident with the hyperdeformed bands, is significantly smaller than the ones obtained in coincidence with background regions below and above the resonances, which suggests a pear-shaped di-nuclear configuration of 236U in the third well of the potential barrier.

Plasmid profilling and similarities in identities of probable microbes isolated from crude oil contaminated agricultural soil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Toochukwu Ekwutosi OGBULIE

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Plasmid analysis of bacteria isolated from agricultural soil experimentally contaminated with crude oil was carried out and the resultant bands’ depicting the different molecular sizes of the plasmid DNA molecules per isolate was obtained. There was no visible band observed for Klebsiella indicating that the organism lack plasmid DNA that confers degradative ability to it, possibly the gene could be borne on the chromosomal DNA which enabled its persistence in the polluted soil. Molecular characterization was undertaken to confirm the identities of the possible microorganisms that may be present in crude oil-contaminated soil. The result of the DNA extracted and amplified in a PCR using EcoRI and EcoRV restriction enzymes for cutting the DNA of the bacterial cells indicated no visible band for cuts made with EcoRV restriction enzyme showing that the enzyme is not specific for bacterial DNA of isolates in the samples, hence there was no amplification. By contrast though, visible bands of amplicons were observed using EcoRI restriction enzymes. The resultant visible bands of microbial profile obtained using the universal RAPD primer with nucleotide sequence of 5’—CTC AAA GCA TCT AGG TCC A---3’ showed that only Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus mycoides had visible bands at identical position on the gel indicating that both species possibly had identical sequence or genes of negligible differences coding for degradation of hydrocarbons as shown by similar values in molecular weight and positions in the gel electrophoresis field.

Statistical study of auroral omega bands

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

N. Partamies

2017-09-01

Full Text Available The presence of very few statistical studies on auroral omega bands motivated us to test-use a semi-automatic method for identifying large-scale undulations of the diffuse aurora boundary and to investigate their occurrence. Five identical all-sky cameras with overlapping fields of view provided data for 438 auroral omega-like structures over Fennoscandian Lapland from 1996 to 2007. The results from this set of omega band events agree remarkably well with previous observations of omega band occurrence in magnetic local time (MLT, lifetime, location between the region 1 and 2 field-aligned currents, as well as current density estimates. The average peak emission height of omega forms corresponds to the estimated precipitation energies of a few keV, which experienced no significant change during the events. Analysis of both local and global magnetic indices demonstrates that omega bands are observed during substorm expansion and recovery phases that are more intense than average substorm expansion and recovery phases in the same region. The omega occurrence with respect to the substorm expansion and recovery phases is in a very good agreement with an earlier observed distribution of fast earthward flows in the plasma sheet during expansion and recovery phases. These findings support the theory that omegas are produced by fast earthward flows and auroral streamers, despite the rarity of good conjugate observations.

Identity's identities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Kim Ebensgaard

-specialized language in which it also serves a number of functions – some of which are quite fundamental to society as such. In other words, the lexeme identity is a polysemic word and has multiple, well, identities. Given that it appears to have a number of functions in a variety of registers, including terminologies...... in Academic English and more everyday-based English, identity as a lexeme is definitely worth having a look at. This paper presents a lexicological study of identity in which some of its senses are identified and their behaviors in actual discourse are observed. Drawing on data from the 2011 section...... of the Corpus of Contemporary American English, a behavioral profile of the distributional characteristics of identity is set up. Behavioral profiling is a lexicographical method developed by the corpus linguist Stefan Th. Gries which, by applying semantic ID tagging and statistical analysis, provides a fine...

Hard Identity and Soft Identity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hassan Rachik

2006-04-01

Full Text Available Often collective identities are classified depending on their contents and rarely depending on their forms. Differentiation between soft identity and hard identity is applied to diverse collective identities: religious, political, national, tribal ones, etc. This classification is made following the principal dimensions of collective identities: type of classification (univocal and exclusive or relative and contextual, the absence or presence of conflictsof loyalty, selective or totalitarian, objective or subjective conception, among others. The different characteristics analysed contribute to outlining an increasingly frequent type of identity: the authoritarian identity.

Lifetime measurements in the picosecond range: achievements and perspectives

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kruecken, R.

2000-01-01

Recent developments in the measurement of lifetimes in the picosecond range using the recoil distance method (RDM) are reviewed. Results from recent RDM experiments on superdeformed bands in the mass-190 region, shears, bands in the neutron deficient lead isotopes, and ground state bands in the mass-130 region are presented. New experimental devices for lifetime experiments at Yale, such as the New Yale Plunger Device (N.Y.P.D.), the SPEctrometer for Doppler-shift Experiments at Yale (SPEEDY) and the plans for the gas-filled recoil separator SASSYER are presented. Perspectives for the use of the RDM technique in the study of exotic nuclei and its potential use with radioactive beams are discussed. (author)

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 196

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huang Xiaolong

2007-01-01

The 1998 version of nuclear data sheets for A = 196 has been revised and updated on the basis of the experimental results from various decay and reaction studies before January 2006. The experimental data for all known nuclei of A = 196 (Os,Ir,Pt,Au,Hg, Tl,Pb,Bi,Po,At,Rn) have been reevaluated. The experimental methods, references,Jπ arguments,and necessary comments are given in the text. Summary band structure drawings and level schemes from both radioactive decay and reaction studies are presented. Also of special interest are the new identification of superdeformed bands in 196 Pb and 196 Bi

The role of nuclear shapes in nuclear structure (from the perspective of the Daresbury Tandem)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nazarewicz, W.

1993-01-01

In specific regions of the nuclear periodic chart, large multipole moments are observed and the low-lying excitations have a rotational character. These features are understood if the nuclei in question are assumed to have a stable deformation, i.e., a non-spherical distribution of the nuclear matter. In other (transitional) regions the quasi-rotational bands are present; they are strongly coupled to low-lying vibrational modes. Those nuclei are best understood in terms of small static deformations but large dynamic fluctuations around local equilibria. As a matter of fact, the vast majority of nuclei are deformed; even in those which are spherical or almost spherical, the dynamical couplings to shape vibrations are crucial. The issue of nuclear deformation is many-faceted. If the nuclear shape (nuclear mean field) is deformed, characteristic excitation modes are present, such as rotations and vibrations built upon the non-spherical equilibrium. Through the particle-core coupling, nuclear deformations can dramatically influence the single-particle properties of nucleons moving in the average nuclear potential. Many experimental investigations using the Daresbury Tandem were related in one way or another to the physics of nuclear shapes. Fundamental discoveries from Daresbury include the observation of superdeformed structures in rapidly rotating nuclei, the observation of identical (open-quotes twinnedclose quotes) rotational bands, various studies of structural changes induced by very fast rotation (band-crossings, band-terminations), the observation of the oblate-deformed open-quotes dipoleclose quotes bands, studies of reflection-asymmetric shapes, studies of (quasimolecular) cluster configurations in light nuclei, and many, many others. The author reviews the forefront research at Daresbury from the global perspective; the common denominator being the nuclear shape deformation

Nuclear hyperdeformation and the Jacobi shape transition

Science.gov (United States)

Schunck, N.; Dudek, J.; Herskind, B.

2007-05-01

The possibility that atomic nuclei possess stable, extremely elongated (hyperdeformed) shapes at very high angular momentum is investigated in the light of the most recent experimental results. The crucial role of the Jacobi shape transitions for the population of hyperdeformed states is discussed and emphasized. State-of-the-art mean-field calculations including the most recent parametrization of the liquid-drop energy together with thermal effects and minimization algorithms allowing the spanning of a large deformation space predict the existence of a region of hyperdeformed nuclei in the mass A˜120 130: Te, Cs, Xe, I, and Ba isotopes. In agreement with predictions presented in reviews by J. Dudek, K. Pomorski, N. Schunck, and N. Dubray [Eur. Phys. J. A 20, 15 (2003)] and J. Dudek, N. Schunck, and N. Dubray [Acta Phys Pol. B 36, 975 (2005)], our extended calculations predict that only very short hyperdeformed bands composed of a dozen discrete transitions at the most are to be expected in contrast to the results known for the superdeformed bands. We stress the importance of the experimental research in terms of multiple-γ correlation analysis that proved to be very efficient for the superdeformation studies and seems very helpful in the even more difficult search for the discrete transitions in hyperdeformed nuclei.

The microball and Gammasphere: Research highlights and future directions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Devlin, M.; Sarantites, D.G.; LaFosse, D.R.; Lerma, F. [Washington Univ., Saint Louis, MO (United States)

1996-12-31

The Microball, a compact, 4{pi} charged-particle detector array, has been used in conjunction with Gammasphere for numerous physics experiments, and more are planned in the near future. A summary of this research program is presented, and the device and its capabilities are described. An example of its use in the study of the population and entry state excitation energy distributions of normal and superdeformed bands in {sup 82}Sr is presented.

Band shift of 2D transition-metal dichalcogenide alloys: size and composition effects

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Yipeng; Zhang, Zhe; Ouyang, Gang

2018-04-01

Band engineering of 2D transition-metal dichalcogenides (2D-TMDs) is a vital task for their applications in electronic and optoelectronic nanodevices. In this study, we investigate the joint effect from size and composition contributions on the band shift of 2D-TMD alloys in terms of atomic bond relaxation consideration. A theoretical model is proposed to pursue the underlying mechanism, which can connect the band offset with the atomic bonding identities in the 2D-TMD alloys. We reveal that the bandgap of 2D-TMD alloys presents a bowing shape owing to the size-dependent interaction among atoms and shows blue shift or red shift due to different intermixing of components. It is demonstrated that both size and composition can be performed as the useful methods to modulate the band shift, which suggests an effective way to realize the desirable properties of 2D-TMD alloys.

A Minimized MIMO-UWB Antenna with High Isolation and Triple Band-Notched Functions

Science.gov (United States)

Kong, Yuanyuan; Li, Yingsong; Yu, Kai

2016-11-01

A compact high isolation MIMO-UWB antenna with triple frequency rejection bands is proposed for UWB communication applications. The proposed MIMO-UWB antenna consists of two identical UWB antennas and each antenna element has a semicircle ring shaped radiation patch fed by a bend microstrip feeding line for covering the UWB band, which operates from 2.85 GHz to 11.79 GHz with an impedance bandwidth of 122.1 %. By etching a L-shaped slot on the ground plane, and embedding an "anchor" shaped stub into the patch and integrating an open ring under the semicircle shaped radiation patch, three notch bands are realized to suppress WiMAX (3.3-3.6 GHz), WLAN(5.725-5.825 GHz) and uplink of X-band satellite (7.9-8.4 GHz) signals. The high isolation with S21<-20 dB in most UWB band is obtained by adding a protruded decoupling structure. The design procedure of the MIMO-UWB antenna is given in detail. The proposed MIMO-UWB antenna is simulated, fabricated and measured. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed MIMO-UWB antenna has a stable gain, good impedance match, high isolation, low envelope correlation coefficient and good radiation pattern at the UWB operating band and it can provide three designated notch bands.

The hierarchically organized splitting of chromosome bands into sub-bands analyzed by multicolor banding (MCB).

Science.gov (United States)

Lehrer, H; Weise, A; Michel, S; Starke, H; Mrasek, K; Heller, A; Kuechler, A; Claussen, U; Liehr, T

2004-01-01

To clarify the nature of chromosome sub-bands in more detail, the multicolor banding (MCB) probe-set for chromosome 5 was hybridized to normal metaphase spreads of GTG band levels at approximately 850, approximately 550, approximately 400 and approximately 300. It could be observed that as the chromosomes became shorter, more of the initial 39 MCB pseudo-colors disappeared, ending with 18 MCB pseudo-colored bands at the approximately 300-band level. The hierarchically organized splitting of bands into sub-bands was analyzed by comparing the disappearance or appearance of pseudo-color bands of the four different band levels. The regions to split first are telomere-near, centromere-near and in 5q23-->q31, followed by 5p15, 5p14, and all GTG dark bands in 5q apart from 5q12 and 5q32 and finalized by sub-band building in 5p15.2, 5q21.2-->q21.3, 5q23.1 and 5q34. The direction of band splitting towards the centromere or the telomere could be assigned to each band separately. Pseudo-colors assigned to GTG-light bands were resistant to band splitting. These observations are in concordance with the recently proposed concept of chromosome region-specific protein swelling. Copyright 2003 S. Karger AG, Basel

Development of softcopy environment for primary color banding visibility assessment

Science.gov (United States)

Min, Byungseok; Pizlo, Zygmunt; Allebach, Jan P.

2008-01-01

, we perform haploscopic matching experiments that allow each eye to independently adapt to different viewing conditions; and we find an appearance mapping function in the adapted XYZ space. Finally, to validate the accuracy of the softcopy environment, we conduct a banding matching experiment at three different banding levels by the memory matching method, and confirm that our softcopy environment produces the same banding perception as the hardcopy. In addition, we perform two more separate psychophysical experiments to measure the differential threshold of the intrinsic banding in both the hardcopy and softcopy environments, and confirm that the two thresholds are statistically identical. The results show that with our target printer, human subjects can see a just noticeable difference with a 9% reduction in the banding magnitude for the cyan colorant.

ANALISIS TIPOGRAFI PADA LOGOTYPE BAND FORGOTTEN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Atang Riyan Isnandar

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Abstrak Forgotten merupakan band asal kota Bandung yang beraliran death metal. Band ini telah memiliki beberapa album yang cukup sukses. Salah satu faktor yang turut berperan penting dalam album-album Forgotten adalah desain sampul album. Sampul album merupakan identitas dan pesan dari musik yang dibawakan oleh Forgotten. Dalam sampul album, terdapat salah satu elemen visual yaitu Tipografi. Salah satu peran tipografi dalam sampul album Forgotten adalah sebagai logotype dari band. Yang menarik, dari lima album yang telah dirilis Forgotten yaitu “Future Syndrome” (1997, “Obsesi Mati” (2000, “Tuhan Telah Mati” (2001, “Tiga Angka Enam” (2003 dan “Laras Perlaya” (2011 adalah tampilan logotype band yang selalu berbeda. Perubahan logotype Forgotten disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor seperti adanya perubahan selera, transformasi musik dan pergantian personil yang dialami oleh band Forgotten. Perubahan ini berakibat pada munculnya kesan visual yang berbeda-beda dari masing-masing logotype di setiap sampul albumnya. Apalagi logotype band dengan genre death metal memiliki kecendrungan yang unik, dekoratif, bahkan sulit untuk dibaca. Oleh karena itu untuk mengetahui kesan visual yang dimunculkan oleh setiap logotype akan dilakukan penelitian dengan pendekatan tipografi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah selain untuk mengetahui perubahan logotype dari kelima sampul album yang telah dirilis oleh Forgotten juga ingin mengetahui kesan visual terhadap tipografi terkait dengan prinsip kejelasan (legibility, keterbacaan (readability dan kemampuannya untuk dilihat pada jarak tertentu (visibility. Kata Kunci: Sampul Album, Tipografi, Logotype, Forgotten Abstract Forgotten is a band from Bandung, the death metal genre. The band has had some fairly successful album. One of important factor in albums Forgotten is the album cover design. The album cover are the identity and the message of the music performed by the Forgotten. In the cover of the album

Workshop on nuclear structure at moderate and high spin: Slide report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1986-10-01

The workshop was scheduled to coincide with the beginning of operation of a number of large arrays of Compton-suppressed germanium detectors. The workshop was divided into 14 sessions containing 3 presentations each. The topics of these sessions were superdeformation, heavy rare earths, single-particle configurations, band termination, continuum properties, light rare-earths, new techniques, high temperatures, transfer reactions, transition region, shapes, lifetimes, and moments. This publication consists of the slides used in all of the presentations at the workshop

Spin measurement for symmetric fission states of sup 24 Mg. A new angle on the sup 12 C+ sup 12 C interaction

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fulton, B.R.; Bennett, S.J.; Freer, M.; Murgatroyd, J.T. (School of Physics and Space Research, Birmingham Univ. (United Kingdom)); Gyapong, G.J.; Jarvis, N.S.; Jones, C.D.; Watson, D.L. (Dept. of Physics, York Univ. (United Kingdom)); Brown, J.D.; Rae, W.D.M.; Smith, A.E. (Dept. of Nuclear Physics, Oxford Univ. (United Kingdom)); Lilley, J.S. (Daresbury Lab., Warrington (United Kingdom))

1991-09-19

A new high resolution measurement of the {sup 12}C({sup 24}Mg, {sup 12}C{sup 12}C){sup 12}C breakup reaction has been performed. Sequential breakup is observed from specific states in {sup 24}Mg at excitation energies ranging from 20 to 26 MeV. Angular correlation measurements indicate that states with spins ranging from J=4 to 8 are populated. These states are consistent with superdeformed shape isomeric bands predicted by cranked cluster model and Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations. (orig.).

Zero-phonon line and fine structure of the yellow luminescence band in GaN

Science.gov (United States)

Reshchikov, M. A.; McNamara, J. D.; Zhang, F.; Monavarian, M.; Usikov, A.; Helava, H.; Makarov, Yu.; Morkoç, H.

2016-07-01

The yellow luminescence band was studied in undoped and Si-doped GaN samples by steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence. At low temperature (18 K), the zero-phonon line (ZPL) for the yellow band is observed at 2.57 eV and attributed to electron transitions from a shallow donor to a deep-level defect. At higher temperatures, the ZPL at 2.59 eV emerges, which is attributed to electron transitions from the conduction band to the same defect. In addition to the ZPL, a set of phonon replicas is observed, which is caused by the emission of phonons with energies of 39.5 meV and 91.5 meV. The defect is called the YL1 center. The possible identity of the YL1 center is discussed. The results indicate that the same defect is responsible for the strong YL1 band in undoped and Si-doped GaN samples.

High-K precession modes: Axially symmetric limit of wobbling motion in the cranked random-phase approximation description

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shimizu, Yoshifumi R.; Matsuzaki, Masayuki; Matsuyanagi, Kenichi

2005-01-01

The rotational band built on the high-K multi-quasiparticle state can be interpreted as a multi-phonon band of the precession mode, which represents the precessional rotation about the axis perpendicular to the direction of the intrinsic angular momentum. By using the axially symmetric limit of the random-phase approximation (RPA) formalism developed for the nuclear wobbling motion, we study the properties of the precession modes in 178 W: the excitation energies, B(E2) and B(M1) values. We show that the excitations of such a specific type of rotation can be well described by the RPA formalism, which gives new insight into the wobbling motion in the triaxial superdeformed nuclei from a microscopic viewpoint

Islamic Identity and Competitive Identities (Global, National and Ethnic Identity; A Case Study of Shiraz University Students

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohammadtaghi Iman

2013-06-01

Full Text Available The verse of holy Koran "verily the most honored of you in the sight of Allah is [he who is] the most virtuous of you" directly shows that in god's willing there is no superiority of a man or a group than others except those who have piety to god. In fact, the Islamic identity focuses on the superiority of piety among humans and does not focus on superiority of a man or a group that causes Islamic identity theoretically be against other competitive identities such as ethnic, global and national identity. Therefore, this research aims to study the relationship between Islamic identity and competitive identities (ethnic, national and global. In this way based on Sheldon Stryker theory and survey method, 431 students have elected and have analyzed. The results have shown that there was positive significant relationship between Islamic identity, national and ethnic identity, and negative significant relationship between Islamic identity and global identity. In addition, multivariate regression results have shown that the variables national and global identities have explained 45 percent of the variation of Islamic identity variable. The results shows that national and ethnic identity amplify the Islamic identity and they have positive relationship with it and in fact they are not a competitive identity for Islamic identity but global identity has negative relationship with Islamic identity and therefore it is a competitive identity for Islamic identity.

First Evidence for the Wobbling Mode in A Triaxial Superdeformed Odd-A Nucleus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hamamoto, I.; Odegaerd, S.W.; Hagemann, G.B.

2001-01-01

The wobbling mode is uniquely related to rotation of a triaxial body. The Lu-Hf isotopes with N ∼ 94 provides a possible region of nuclei with pronounced triaxiality. We have investigated 163 Lu through the fusion- evaporation reaction 139 La( 29 Si,5n) 163 Lu with a beam energy of 152 MeV. The electromagnetic properties of several connecting transitions between two presumably Triaxial, Super Deformed (TSD) bands have been studied. New particle-rotor calculations in which an aligned i 13/2 proton is coupled to a ''wobbling'' core are presented and evidence for the assignment of the excited TSD band as a wobbling mode built on the yrast TSD band in 163 Lu is given. (author)

Constructing nurses' professional identity through social identity theory.

Science.gov (United States)

Willetts, Georgina; Clarke, David

2014-04-01

The profession of nursing continues to struggle with defining and clarifying its professional identity. The definitive recognition of nursing as a profession was the moving of training from the hospital apprentice model to the tertiary sector. However, this is only part of the story of professional identity in nursing. Once training finishes and enculturation into the workplace commences, professional identity becomes a complicated social activity. This paper proposes social identity theory as a valuable research framework to assist with clarifying and describing the professional identity of nurses. The paper outlines the key elements of a profession and then goes on to describe the main concepts of social identity theory. Lastly, a connection is made between the usefulness of using social identity theory in researching professional identity in nursing, recognizing the contextual nature of the social activity of the profession within its workplace environment. © 2013 Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.

Parallel LC circuit model for multi-band absorption and preliminary design of radiative cooling.

Science.gov (United States)

Feng, Rui; Qiu, Jun; Liu, Linhua; Ding, Weiqiang; Chen, Lixue

2014-12-15

We perform a comprehensive analysis of multi-band absorption by exciting magnetic polaritons in the infrared region. According to the independent properties of the magnetic polaritons, we propose a parallel inductance and capacitance(PLC) circuit model to explain and predict the multi-band resonant absorption peaks, which is fully validated by using the multi-sized structure with identical dielectric spacing layer and the multilayer structure with the same strip width. More importantly, we present the application of the PLC circuit model to preliminarily design a radiative cooling structure realized by merging several close peaks together. This omnidirectional and polarization insensitive structure is a good candidate for radiative cooling application.

SINGLE-BAND, TRIPLE-BAND, OR MULTIPLE-BAND HUBBARD MODELS

NARCIS (Netherlands)

ESKES, H; SAWATZKY, GA

1991-01-01

The relevance of different models, such as the one-band t-J model and the three-band Emery model, as a realistic description of the electronic structure of high-T(c) materials is discussed. Starting from a multiband approach using cluster calculations and an impurity approach, the following

Radiometric Evaluation of SNPP VIIRS Band M11 via Sub-Kilometer Intercomparison with Aqua MODIS Band 7 over Snowy Scenes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mike Chu

2018-03-01

Full Text Available A refined intersensor comparison study is carried out to evaluate the radiometric stability of the 2257 nm channel (M11 of the first Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS aboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP satellite. This study is initiated as part of the examination into the performance of key shortwave infrared (SWIR bands for SNPP VIIRS ocean color data processing and applications, with Band M11 playing key role over turbid and inland waters. The evaluation utilizes simultaneous nadir overpasses (SNOs to compare SNPP VIIRS Band M11 against Band 7 of the MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS in the Aqua satellite over concurrently observed scenes. The standard result of the radiance comparison is a seemingly uncontrolled and inconsistent time series unsuitable for further analyses, in great contrast to other matching band-pairs whose radiometric comparisons are typically stable around 1.0 within 1% variation. The mismatching relative spectral response (RSR between the two respective bands, with SNPP VIIRS M11 at 2225 to 2275 nm and Aqua MODIS B7 at 2125 to 2175 nm, is demonstrated to be the cause of the large variation because of the different dependence of the spectral responses of the two bands over identical scenes. A consistent radiometric comparison time series, however, can be extracted from SNO events that occur over snowy surfaces. A customized selection and analysis procedure successfully identifies the snowy scenes within the SNO events and builds a stable comparison time series. Particularly instrumental for the success of the comparison is the use of the half-kilometer spatial resolution data of Aqua MODIS B7 that significantly enhances the statistics. The final refined time series of Aqua MODIS B7 radiance over the SNPP VIIRS M11 radiance is stable at around 0.39 within 2.5% showing no evidence of drift. The radiometric ratio near 0.39 suggests the strong presence of medium

The Structure of Nuclei Far from Stability

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zganjar, E.F.

1999-01-01

From among a number of important nuclear structure results that have emerged from our research program during the past few years, two stand out as being of extra significance. These are: (a) the identification of a diabatic coexisting structure in 187 Au which arises solely from differences in proton occupation of adjacent oscillator shells, and (b) the realization of a method for estimating EO strength in nuclei and the resulting prediction that the de-excitation of superdeformed bands may proceed, in some cases, by strong EO transitions

Resolving an identity crisis: Implicit drinking identity and implicit alcohol identity are related but not the same.

Science.gov (United States)

Ramirez, Jason J; Olin, Cecilia C; Lindgren, Kristen P

2017-09-01

Two variations of the Implicit Association Test (IAT), the Drinking Identity IAT and the Alcohol Identity IAT, assess implicit associations held in memory between one's identity and alcohol-related constructs. Both have been shown to predict numerous drinking outcomes, but these IATs have never been directly compared to one another. The purpose of this study was to compare these IATs and evaluate their incremental predictive validity. US undergraduate students (N=64, 50% female, mean age=21.98years) completed the Drinking Identity IAT, the Alcohol Identity IAT, an explicit measure of drinking identity, as well as measures of typical alcohol consumption and hazardous drinking. When evaluated in separate regression models that controlled for explicit drinking identity, results indicated that the Drinking Identity IAT and the Alcohol Identity IAT were significant, positive predictors of typical alcohol consumption, and that the Drinking Identity IAT, but not the Alcohol Identity IAT, was a significant predictor of hazardous drinking. When evaluated in the same regression models, the Drinking Identity IAT, but not the Alcohol Identity IAT, was significantly associated with typical and hazardous drinking. These results suggest that the Drinking Identity IAT and Alcohol Identity IAT are related but not redundant. Moreover, given that the Drinking Identity IAT, but not the Alcohol Identity IAT, incrementally predicted variance in drinking outcomes, identification with drinking behavior and social groups, as opposed to identification with alcohol itself, may be an especially strong predictor of drinking outcomes. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Leadership identities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Holmgreen, Lise-Lotte

2018-01-01

Questioning the assumption that identities can be controlled through a shared organisational culture, the article explores the inculcation of a discourse of diversity into leadership identities in a Danish bank and building society. Thus, it intends to demonstrate that, on the one hand, discourse...... plays a significant role in identity construction and, on the other, that leaders’ constructions may have many sources of inspiration within and outside the organisation, emphasising that identity construction is a complex process in which organisational efforts to promote a common leadership identity...... to construct their leadership identities. While the respondents present comparable identities to the interviewer, the analysis reveals that the they draw on different discourses and employ a number of different discursive means to present this identity. This, the article argues, may be the result of a number...

Nature versus nurture: identical twins and bariatric surgery.

Science.gov (United States)

Hagedorn, Judith C; Morton, John M

2007-06-01

Genetics and environment both play a role in weight maintenance. Twin studies may help clarify the influence of nature vs nurture in weight loss. We present the largest U.S. experience with monozygotic (MZ) twins undergoing bariatric surgery. We retrospectively reviewed the charts of four sets of MZ twins who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) surgery and laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB) placement at three different institutions. BMI and co-morbidities were examined pre- and postoperatively, and laboratory values were recorded. All four sets of twins are female, live together, and have similar professions. Twin cohort 1 had near identical weight loss patterns after open RYGBP surgery in 1996 (preop 146/142 kg; 2 years 82/82; and 10 years 108/107). Twin cohort 1 also both underwent cholecystectomies within the first year postoperatively. Twin cohort 2 underwent laparoscopic RYGBP surgery and also required cholecystectomies in the first postoperative year. Cohort 2 also experienced nearly identical weight loss at 1 year (36.7% vs 37.0% BMI loss). Twin cohort 3 underwent LAGB placement with two different surgeons with differing amounts of weight loss at 6 months (6.5% vs 15.7% BMI loss). Finally, twin cohort 4 underwent laparoscopic RYGBP with 2-year BMI loss of 39% vs 34%. In twin cohort 4, the twin who lost less weight lived apart from her twin and extended family, and her weight loss was less than the twin living with her family. Two sets of MZ twins had identical responses to bariatric surgery. The other two sets of identical twins had differential weight loss results, possibly due to differences in surgical approach and social support. While genetics do exert a strong influence on weight loss and maintenance, this case series demonstrates the potential effect of social support and postoperative management upon postoperative weight loss in the presence of identical genetics.

Increased alpha-band power during the retention of shapes and shape-location associations in visual short-term memory

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jeffrey S. Johnson

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Studies exploring the role of neural oscillations in cognition have revealed sustained increases in alpha-band (~8-14 Hz power during the delay period of delayed-recognition short-term memory tasks. These increases have been proposed to reflect the inhibition, for example, of cortical areas representing task-irrelevant information, or of potentially interfering representations from previous trials. Another possibility, however, is that elevated delay-period alpha-band power reflects the selection and maintenance of information, rather than, or in addition to, the inhibition of task-irrelevant information. In the present study, we explored these possibilities using a delayed-recognition paradigm in which the presence and task-relevance of shape information was systematically manipulated across trial blocks and EEG was used to measure alpha-band power. In the first trial block, participants remembered locations marked by identical black circles. The second block featured the same instructions, but locations were marked by unique shapes. The third block featured the same stimulus presentation as the second, but with pretrial instructions indicating, on a trial-by-trial basis, whether memory for shape or location was required, the other dimension being irrelevant. In the final block, participants remembered the unique pairing of shape and location for each stimulus. Results revealed minimal delay-period alpha-band power in each of the location-memory conditions, whether locations were marked with identical circles or with unique task-irrelevant shapes. In contrast, alpha-band power increases were observed in both the shape-memory condition, in which location was task irrelevant, and in the critical final condition, in which both shape and location were task relevant. These results provide support for the proposal that alpha-band oscillations reflect the retention of shape information and/or shape-location associations in short-term memory.

Band 3 Erythrocyte Membrane Protein Acts as Redox Stress Sensor Leading to Its Phosphorylation by p72 Syk

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antonella Pantaleo

2016-01-01

Full Text Available In erythrocytes, the regulation of the redox sensitive Tyr phosphorylation of band 3 and its functions are still partially defined. A role of band 3 oxidation in regulating its own phosphorylation has been previously suggested. The current study provides evidences to support this hypothesis: (i in intact erythrocytes, at 2 mM concentration of GSH, band 3 oxidation, and phosphorylation, Syk translocation to the membrane and Syk phosphorylation responded to the same micromolar concentrations of oxidants showing identical temporal variations; (ii the Cys residues located in the band 3 cytoplasmic domain are 20-fold more reactive than GSH; (iii disulfide linked band 3 cytoplasmic domain docks Syk kinase; (iv protein Tyr phosphatases are poorly inhibited at oxidant concentrations leading to massive band 3 oxidation and phosphorylation. We also observed that hemichromes binding to band 3 determined its irreversible oxidation and phosphorylation, progressive hemolysis, and serine hyperphosphorylation of different cytoskeleton proteins. Syk inhibitor suppressed the phosphorylation of band 3 also preventing serine phosphorylation changes and hemolysis. Our data suggest that band 3 acts as redox sensor regulating its own phosphorylation and that hemichromes leading to the protracted phosphorylation of band 3 may trigger a cascade of events finally leading to hemolysis.

Studies of normal deformation in {sup 151}Dy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nisius, D.; Janssens, R.V.F.; Crowell, B. [and others

1995-08-01

The wealth of data collected in the study of superdeformation in {sup 151}Dy allowed for new information to be obtained on the normally deformed structures in this nucleus. At high spin several new yrast states have been identified for the first time. They were associated with single-particle excitations. Surprisingly, a sequence was identified with energy spacings characteristic of a rotational band of normal ({beta}2 {approximately} 0.2) deformation. The bandhead spin appears to be 15/2{sup -} and the levels extend up to a spin of 87/2{sup -}. A clear backbend is present at intermediate spins. While a similar band based on a bandhead of 6{sup +} is known in {sup 152}Dy, calculations suggest that this collective prolate band should not be seen in {sup 151}Dy. In the experiment described earlier in this report that is aimed at determining the deformations associated with the SD bands in this nucleus and {sup 152}Dy, the deformation associated with this band will be determined. This will provide further insight into the origin of this band.

Experimental observation on asymmetric energy flux within the forbidden frequency band in the LC transmission line

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tao Feng; Chen Weizhong; Pan Junting; Xu Wen; Du Sidan

2012-01-01

We study the energy flux in a nonlinear electrical transmission line consisting of two coupled segments which are identical in structure and different in parameters. The asymmetry of energy flux caused by nonlinear wave has been observed experimentally in the forbidden band of the line. The experiment shows whether the energy can flow through the transmission line depends on the amplitude of the boundary driving voltages, which can be well explained in the theoretical framework of nonlinear supratransmission. The numerical simulation based on Kirchhoff’s laws further verifies the existence of the asymmetric energy flux in the forbidden band.

L-band brightness temperature disaggregation for use with S-band and C-band radiometer data for WCOM

Science.gov (United States)

Yao, P.; Shi, J.; Zhao, T.; Cosh, M. H.; Bindlish, R.

2017-12-01

There are two passive microwave sensors onboard the Water Cycle Observation Mission (WCOM), which includes a synthetic aperture radiometer operating at L-S-C bands and a scanning microwave radiometer operating from C- to W-bands. It provides a unique opportunity to disaggregate L-band brightness temperature (soil moisture) with S-band C-bands radiometer data. In this study, passive-only downscaling methodologies are developed and evaluated. Based on the radiative transfer modeling, it was found that the TBs (brightness temperature) between the L-band and S-band exhibit a linear relationship, and there is an exponential relationship between L-band and C-band. We carried out the downscaling results by two methods: (1) downscaling with L-S-C band passive measurements with the same incidence angle from payload IMI; (2) downscaling with L-C band passive measurements with different incidence angle from payloads IMI and PMI. The downscaling method with L-S bands with the same incident angle was first evaluated using SMEX02 data. The RMSE are 2.69 K and 1.52 K for H and V polarization respectively. The downscaling method with L-C bands is developed with different incident angles using SMEX03 data. The RMSE are 2.97 K and 2.68 K for H and V polarization respectively. These results showed that high-resolution L-band brightness temperature and soil moisture products could be generated from the future WCOM passive-only observations.

Identity at work: Exploring strategies for Identity Work

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Byron G. Adams

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Orientation: This study explored strategies for identity work that are central to the negotiation and regulation of employee work identity.Research purpose: The main aim of this study was to explore employee narratives and identify the strategies available to them in the process of identity work, as they defined themselves at work.Motivation for the study: As there is a scarcity of research on identity work in South Africa, this study wanted to advance knowledge about identity work and the strategies used for regulating and negotiating an identity at work by exploring these constructs in this context.Research design, approach and method: A qualitative research process formed the basis for this study. Nineteen employees from a global manufacturing company participated in two semi-structured in-depth interviews. Grounded theory was applied to analyse and interpret the data.Main findings: Nine strategies for identity work were identified and categorised into four broad themes (personal philosophies; relationships; career management and negotiating balance.Practical/managerial implications: Employees followed various strategies for defining themselves at work and this may have some implications for employee work engagement and productivity.Contribution/value-add: This study expands on current theoretical knowledge of identity work, and provides insights into the strategies people use to regulate and negotiate their identities at work. 

Becoming Music-Making Music Teachers: Connecting Music Making, Identity, Wellbeing, and Teaching for Four Student Teachers

Science.gov (United States)

Pellegrino, Kristen

2015-01-01

The purpose of this descriptive case study was to examine the developing music teacher identity of four student music teachers by exploring the meanings of music making and the intersections of music making and teaching. Participants all had dual student teaching placements: elementary general music and secondary band. Data were generated through…

Research on convergence of nuclear rotational spectra formula

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen Yongjing; Xu Fuxin

2001-01-01

The superdeformed bands in the A-190 region are systematically analyzed using four-parameter rotational spectra formula of Bohr-Mottelson's I(I + 1) expansion. The convergence of two-parameter ab formula is compared with that of three-parameter abc formula by four parameters A, B, C, D. The result shows that the four-parameter value relation does not support the theoretically expected values of ab and abc formulas, but comparatively the four-parameter value relation agrees with the theoretically expected value of ab formula better than that of abc formula

Wobbling phonon excitations, coexisting with normal deformed structures in 163Lu

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jensen, D.R.; Hagemann, G.B.; Hamamoto, I.; Oedegard, S.W.; Bergstroem, M.; Herskind, B.; Sletten, G.; Toermaenen, S.; Wilson, J.N.; Tjoem, P.O.; Spohr, K.; Huebel, H.; Goergen, A.; Schoenwasser, G.; Bracco, A.; Leoni, S.; Maj, A.; Petrache, C.M.; Bednarczyk, P.; Curien, D.

2002-01-01

Wobbling is a rotational mode unique to a triaxial body. The Lu-Hf isotopes with N∼94 at high spin provide a possible region of nuclei with pronounced triaxiality. We have investigated 163 Lu through the fusion-evaporation reaction 139 La( 29 Si,5n) 163 Lu with a beam energy of 152 MeV. Three excited bands decaying into the known, presumably triaxial, superdeformed (TSD) band built on the i 13/2 proton orbital are observed. The electromagnetic properties of the connecting transitions from the two strongest populated excited TSD bands have been investigated. New particle-rotor calculations in which one i 13/2 quasiproton is coupled to the core of triaxial shape produce a variety of bands, whose properties can clearly be interpreted either as 'wobbling' or 'cranking' motion of the core. Evidence for the assignment of the excited TSD bands as one, and possibly even two wobbling phonon modes built on the yrast TSD band in 163 Lu is given. These triaxial bands coexist with bands built on quasiparticle excitations in the normal deformed (ND) minimum for which new data are also presented

Identity, identity politics, and neoliberalism

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wrenn Mary

2014-01-01

Full Text Available With the intensification of neoliberalism, it is useful to examine how some individuals might cope with the irrationality of the system. Neoliberalism cloaks the execution of the corporate agenda behind rhetorical manipulation that advocates for limited government. The corollary absence of government involvement on behalf of the citizenry writ large disarms the means of social redress for the individual. Democracy funded and fueled by corporate power thereby disenfranchises the individual, provoking some to search for empowerment through identity politics. The argument set forth suggests that individuals construct, reinforce, or escalate allegiance to identities as a coping mechanism, some of which manifest in violent identity politics.

The Process of Identity Work: Negotiating a Work Identity

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Crafford, A.; Adams, B.G.; Saayman, T.; Vinkenburg, C.J.; Jansen, P.G.W.; Roodt, G.

2015-01-01

Identity work is an important process in negotiating, regulating and maintaining a coherent sense of self-(identity). In this chapter we discuss how identity work is particularly useful in establishing a work identity. The crux of the discussion in this chapter is based on the qualitative phase of

A Novel Ku-Band/Ka-Band and Ka-Band/E-Band Multimode Waveguide Couplers for Power Measurement of Traveling-Wave Tube Amplifier Harmonic Frequencies

Science.gov (United States)

Wintucky, Edwin G.; Simons, Rainee N.

2015-01-01

This paper presents the design, fabrication and test results for a novel waveguide multimode directional coupler (MDC). The coupler, fabricated from two dissimilar frequency band waveguides, is capable of isolating power at the second harmonic frequency from the fundamental power at the output port of a traveling-wave tube (TWT) amplifier. Test results from proof-of-concept demonstrations are presented for a Ku-band/Ka-band MDC and a Ka-band/E-band MDC. In addition to power measurements at harmonic frequencies, a potential application of the MDC is in the design of a satellite borne beacon source for atmospheric propagation studies at millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequencies (Ka-band and E-band).

Medical Identity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Musaeus, Peter

2015-01-01

Purpose: To examine philosophical stances underpinning medical identity and assess the conceptual relationship between physician, medical practice and culture. Argument: Medical identity is about the ideals and moral positions that physicians take when justifying themselves. Medical identity...... hedonistic versus sentimentalist approaches to medical identity. The sociocultural philosophical analysis of medical identity can shed light on what it means conceptually for a physician to harbor beliefs associated with him/her being taken to be an autonomous professional. It is important because it touches...... on the meaning of being a compassionate, good and skilled physician, making its relevance to person-centered medicine self-evident. Conclusion: Medical identity should be analyzed with reference to literature, philosophy and medical practice in order for the physician to exercise a reflective position...

Identity at work: Exploring strategies for Identity Work

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Byron G. Adams

2012-09-01

Research purpose: The main aim of this study was to explore employee narratives and identify the strategies available to them in the process of identity work, as they defined themselves at work. Motivation for the study: As there is a scarcity of research on identity work in South Africa, this study wanted to advance knowledge about identity work and the strategies used for regulating and negotiating an identity at work by exploring these constructs in this context. Research design, approach and method: A qualitative research process formed the basis for this study. Nineteen employees from a global manufacturing company participated in two semi-structured in-depth interviews. Grounded theory was applied to analyse and interpret the data. Main findings: Nine strategies for identity work were identified and categorised into four broad themes (personal philosophies; relationships; career management and negotiating balance. Practical/managerial implications: Employees followed various strategies for defining themselves at work and this may have some implications for employee work engagement and productivity. Contribution/value-add: This study expands on current theoretical knowledge of identity work, and provides insights into the strategies people use to regulate and negotiate their identities at work.

Identity paradoxes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Đurić Jelena

2010-01-01

Full Text Available The article considers paradoxical nature of identity that emerges from: 1 the very concept of identity whose abstract generality unites various and even opposite features; 2 the processual nature of reality that is easier to express in the poetical metaphors or abstract principles than in unambiguous conceptual networks; 3 the oppose relationship between being and knowledge, mind and matter, subject and object, self and personality. Entangled in the labyrinth which evade efforts to be conceptually defined, the modern thinking of identity moves towards abandoning the idea of “self” on behalf of the “ego” and towards the misapprehension of identity as being identical. This corresponds to the “time of the lost spirit” stretched between the simultaneous need to find an identity and to give it up.

IKP annual report 1988

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kilian, K.; Maier, R.A.; Schult, O.; Seyfarth, H.; Speth, J.; Turek, P.

1989-04-01

The main tasks of the institute in 1988 were to propose an experimental programm for COSY and the upgrading of the cyclotron as COSY-injector. In collaboration with various divisions of the KFA infrastructure the institute participates in the realization of the COSY-project. The design and progress in the realization of COSY was examined by different advisory committees (KEB, SCC). The most important results in our current research programm in 1988 are: (i) Observation of high energy bremsstrahlung in connection with investigations of giant resonances in hot nuclei. (ii) A discrete superdeformed band was identified in 146 Gd by the OSIRIS-collaboration; also in 180 Os superdeformation was observed. (iii) The double-magic nucleus 96 Zr shows a strong octupol-collectivity in a certain transition to the groundstate. (iv) In the antiproton-proton reaction anti pp → anti ΛΛ at LEAR/CERN near threshold a strong p-wave dominance was observed and it was confirmed that the anti ΛΛ production occurs in a triplet state only. (v) The theoretical interpretation for the dominant anti ΛΛ p-wave is the existence for a resonance state in this region. (orig./HSI)

Federated Identity Management

OpenAIRE

Chadwick, David W.

2009-01-01

Abstract. This paper addresses the topic of federated identity management. It discusses in detail the following topics: what is digital identity, what is identity management, what is federated identity management, Kim Camerons 7 Laws of Identity, how can we protect the users privacy in a federated environment, levels of assurance, some past and present federated identity management systems, and some current research in FIM.

Social identity change: shifts in social identity during adolescence.

Science.gov (United States)

Tanti, Chris; Stukas, Arthur A; Halloran, Michael J; Foddy, Margaret

2011-06-01

This study investigated the proposition that adolescence involves significant shifts in social identity as a function of changes in social context and cognitive style. Using an experimental design, we primed either peer or gender identity with a sample of 380 early- (12-13 years), mid- (15-16 years), and late-adolescents (18-20 years) and then measured the effect of the prime on self-stereotyping and ingroup favouritism. The findings showed significant differences in social identity across adolescent groups, in that social identity effects were relatively strong in early- and late-adolescents, particularly when peer group identity rather than gender identity was salient. While these effects were consistent with the experience of change in educational social context, differences in cognitive style were only weakly related to ingroup favouritism. The implications of the findings for theory and future research on social identity during adolescence are discussed. Crown Copyright © 2010. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Comparative Associations Between Achieved Bicultural Identity, Achieved Ego Identity, and Achieved Religious Identity and Adaptation Among Australian Adolescent Muslims.

Science.gov (United States)

Abu-Rayya, Hisham M; Abu-Rayya, Maram H; White, Fiona A; Walker, Richard

2018-04-01

This study examined the comparative roles of biculturalism, ego identity, and religious identity in the adaptation of Australian adolescent Muslims. A total of 504 high school Muslim students studying at high schools in metropolitan Sydney and Melbourne, Australia, took part in this study which required them to complete a self-report questionnaire. Analyses indicated that adolescent Muslims' achieved religious identity seems to play a more important role in shaping their psychological and socio-cultural adaptation compared to adolescents' achieved bicultural identity. Adolescents' achieved ego identity tended also to play a greater role in their psychological and socio-cultural adaptation than achieved bicultural identity. The relationships between the three identities and negative indicators of psychological adaptation were consistently indifferent. Based on these findings, we propose that the three identity-based forces-bicultural identity development, religious identity attainment, and ego identity formation-be amalgamated into one framework in order for researchers to more accurately examine the adaptation of Australian adolescent Muslims.

Coriolis force and nuclear deformation: cadmium and lead isotopes results with the EUROBALL gamma multidetector

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Buforn, Nadege

2001-01-01

This work is devoted to the study of the nuclear matter at high rotational frequency. Thanks to the new generation of γ-ray multidetector array, as EUROGAM then EUROBALL, we propose to identify two sorts of nuclei belonging to two different mass region. Their identification is based on the detection of their γ-rays of des-excitation. We will follow the evolution of the influence of the Coriolis force at the microscopic scale. The cadmium nuclei 113-116 Cd have been populated using heavy-ion induced fission reaction ( 28 Si+ 176 Yb at 145 MeV). Decoupled bands have been identified in odd-nuclei, produced for the first time at high spin. As they were considered as the best example of vibrational nuclei during their studies by radioactivity, they exhibit a small prolate deformation, confirmed by our microscopic calculations performed for even-even nuclei. The odd superdeformed nucleus 197 Pb have been studied via a fusion-evaporation reaction ( 18 O+ 186 W at 117 MeV). We have established the cross-talk transitions between the two signature partners. The experimental measurement of the branching ratio B(M1)/B(E2) allows us to extract the magnetic properties of the superdeformed matter, conforming the lack of quenching for the neutrons. The Coriolis force depends on the nuclei deformation and on the individual configuration. In cadmium nuclei, the single neutron νh 11/2 , Ω=1/2 is decoupled from the motion of the core, whereas in superdeformed nuclei, the Coriolis effect is much weaker on the νj 15/2 , Ω = 5/2 neutron. (author)

Swiss identity smells like chocolate: Social identity shapes olfactory judgments

Science.gov (United States)

Coppin, Géraldine; Pool, Eva; Delplanque, Sylvain; Oud, Bastiaan; Margot, Christian; Sander, David; Van Bavel, Jay J.

2016-01-01

There is extensive evidence that social identities can shape people’s attitudes and behavior, but what about sensory judgments? We examined the possibility that social identity concerns may also shape the judgment of non-social properties—namely, olfactory judgment. In two experiments, we presented Swiss and non-Swiss participants with the odor of chocolate, for which Switzerland is world-famous, and a control odor (popcorn). Swiss participants primed with Swiss identity reported the odor of chocolate (but not popcorn) as more intense than non-Swiss participants (Experiments 1 and 2) and than Swiss participants primed with individual identity or not primed (Experiment 2). The self-reported intensity of chocolate smell tended to increase as identity accessibility increased—but only among Swiss participants (Experiment 1). These results suggest that identity priming can counter-act classic sensory habituation effects, allowing identity-relevant smells to maintain their intensity after repeated presentations. This suggests that social identity dynamically influences sensory judgment. We discuss the potential implications for models of social identity and chemosensory perception. PMID:27725715

Swiss identity smells like chocolate: Social identity shapes olfactory judgments.

Science.gov (United States)

Coppin, Géraldine; Pool, Eva; Delplanque, Sylvain; Oud, Bastiaan; Margot, Christian; Sander, David; Van Bavel, Jay J

2016-10-11

There is extensive evidence that social identities can shape people's attitudes and behavior, but what about sensory judgments? We examined the possibility that social identity concerns may also shape the judgment of non-social properties-namely, olfactory judgment. In two experiments, we presented Swiss and non-Swiss participants with the odor of chocolate, for which Switzerland is world-famous, and a control odor (popcorn). Swiss participants primed with Swiss identity reported the odor of chocolate (but not popcorn) as more intense than non-Swiss participants (Experiments 1 and 2) and than Swiss participants primed with individual identity or not primed (Experiment 2). The self-reported intensity of chocolate smell tended to increase as identity accessibility increased-but only among Swiss participants (Experiment 1). These results suggest that identity priming can counter-act classic sensory habituation effects, allowing identity-relevant smells to maintain their intensity after repeated presentations. This suggests that social identity dynamically influences sensory judgment. We discuss the potential implications for models of social identity and chemosensory perception.

The Supermalt identity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bech-Larsen, Tino; Esbjerg, Lars; Grunert, Klaus G.

2007-01-01

on consumers' self-identities. The second part explored the role of food and beverage products in the construction of self-identities. The final part focused on the construction of brand identity for Supermalt. Findings - The article provides information on the self-identities constructed by Afro......-Caribbean informants. The food and beverage consumption of informants reflects their mixed cultural identity. The brand identity Supermalt appears to be malleable, with ample room for consumer co-construction. Perceptions of brand identity differ markedly among informants, who are all able to construct Supermalt......Purpose - The objective of this article is to conduct a case study of the Supermalt brand of malt beer, which has become the preferred beverage of Afro-Caribbean consumers in Brixton on a very limited marketing budget. Design/methodology/approach - The article uses the concepts of personal identity...

Fashioning Identity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mackinney-Valentin, Maria

We dress to communicate who we are, or who we would like others to think we are, telling seductive fashion narratives through our adornment. Yet, today, fashion has been democratized through high-low collaborations, social media and real-time fashion mediation, complicating the basic dynamic...... of identity displays, and creating tension between personal statements and social performances. Fashioning Identity explores how this tension is performed through fashion production and consumption,by examining a diverse series of case studies - from ninety-year old fashion icons to the paradoxical rebellion...... by readdressing Fred Davis' seminal concept of 'identity ambivalence' in Fashion, Culture and Identity (1992), Mackinney-Valentin argues that we are in an epoch of 'status ambivalence', in which fashioning one's own identity has become increasingly complicated....

Nuclear intrinsic vorticity and its coupling to global rotations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mikhailov, I.N.; Quentin, P.; Samsoen, D.

1997-01-01

Important collective modes which are generally neglected within current descriptions of nuclear excitations in terms of fluid dynamics, are studied here. The intrinsic vortical modes are defined in a general way from which a specific mode, both simple and versatile enough, is particularly discussed. In this paper the main emphasis is made on the coupling of the chosen intrinsic mode to the rotation of the nuclear principal axes frame with respect to the laboratory system. A semi-quantal description of such excitations is proposed which is a generalization of the so-called routhian approach of global rotations. The results of a semiclassical treatment of the corresponding variational problem are presented. A simple mean field approach where the one-body potential is mocked up by a harmonic oscillator is discussed in a somewhat detailed fashion. The broad range of validity of a quadratic approximation for the collective energy in terms of the relevant angular velocities, is hinted from the previous simple model approach. Some general consequences of the latter are then drawn which have bearing on some possible fingerprints for the existence of such excitations, as the staggering phenomenon observed in gamma transition energies in some superdeformed states and the occurrence of identical rotational bands in neighbouring nuclei. (orig.)

Reward banding to determine reporting rate of recovered mourning dove bands

Science.gov (United States)

Tomlinson, R.E.

1968-01-01

Reward bands placed on the other leg of certain regularly banded immature mourning doves (Zenaidura macroura) were used to develop information on reporting rates of recovered dove bands. Reports from 15 widely separated sections of the United States showed considerable variation in recovery rate of doves both with and without reward bands. The overall percentages of banded doves that were reported as recovered were 9.69% for those with reward bands and 3.83% for controls. The bandreporting rate for states influenced by publicity was 66%; that for states not influenced was 32%.

Lifetime measurements in the picosecond range: Achievements and Perspectives

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kruecken, Reiner

1999-01-01

This contribution will review the recoil distance method (RDM), its current range of applications as well as future perspectives for the measurement of lifetimes in the picosecond range of excited nuclear levels. Recent Doppler-shift lifetime experiments with large gamma-ray spectrometers have achieved a new level of precision and sensitivity, providing new insights into nuclear structure physics. High precision RDM measurements of near-yrast states in various mass regions have revealed dynamic shape effects beyond the framework of collective models and have also allowed to study the interaction between coexisting shapes. The measurement of lifetimes in superdeformed bands has shown that lifetimes can be measured for nuclear excitations, which are only populated with a few percent of the production cross-section of a nucleus. These experiments have also enabled us to study the mechanism of the decay-out of superdeformed bands. Another example for the need of precise lifetime measurements is the recent verifications of the concept of 'magnetic rotation' in nuclei by the experimental observation of the characteristic drop of B(M1) values as a function of angular momentum. These recent breakthroughs have also opened new perspectives for the use of the RDM technique for more exotic regions of nuclei and nuclear excitations. Here the measurement of lifetimes in neutron rich nuclei, which are not accessible with conventional nuclear reactions using stable beams and targets, is of special interest. Possible experimental approaches and simple estimates for the feasibility of such experiments will be presented. (author)

Identity Assemblages

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Horn, Line Helverskov

The study aims at exploring how identity is enacted within the context of a two-year programme in Service, Hospitality, and Tourism Management (SHTM). This research thus investigates how students and educators go about their daily lives in different educational contexts both on and off campus...... as a contribution to the body of literature of ANT-based studies. Second, it contributes to existing identity theories by exemplifying a socio-material approach to identity issues. Third, the study enables reflections upon how educational institutions as fundamentally identity-producing organisations acknowledge...

Civil Identity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Petersen, Lars Axel

In this paper I will go through a catalogue of examples of contexts in which the term civil identity is currently used, ranging from the formal and technical process of linking a set of administrative and other events to an individual biological person by means of identity cards, fingerprints, iris...... of Israel to Luce Irigaray's Feminist agenda of elaborating gender specific civil identities. My intention is to investigate whether these different employments of 'civil identity' point towards a common, and fairly well defined object field asking questions of contemporary relevance to the philosophy...

Electromagnetic waves in a topological insulator thin film stack: helicon-like wave mode and photonic band structure.

Science.gov (United States)

Inoue, Jun-ichi

2013-09-09

We theoretically explore the electromagnetic modes specific to a topological insulator superlattice in which topological and conventional insulator thin films are stacked periodically. In particular, we obtain analytic formulas for low energy mode that corresponds to a helicon wave, as well as those for photonic bands. We illustrate that the system can be modeled as a stack of quantum Hall layers whose conductivity tensors alternately change signs, and then we analyze the photonic band structures. This subject is a natural extension of a previous study by Tselis et al., which took into consideration a stack of identical quantum Hall layers but their discussion was limited into a low energy mode. Thus we provide analytic formulas for photonic bands and compare their features between the two systems. Our central findings in the topological insulator superlattice are that a low energy mode corresponding to a helicon wave has linear dispersion instead of the conventional quadratic form, and that a robust gapless photonic band appears although the system considered has spacial periodicity. In addition, we demonstrate that the photonic bands agree with the numerically calculated transmission spectra.

On Fay identity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Michev, Iordan P.

2006-01-01

In the first part of this paper we consider the transformation of the cubic identities for general Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) tau functions from [Mishev, J. Math. Phys. 40, 2419-2428 (1999)] to the specific identities for trigonometric KdV tau functions. Afterwards, we consider the Fay identity as a functional equation and provide a wide set of solutions of this equation. The main result of this paper is Theorem 3.4, where we generalize the identities from Mishev. An open problem is the transformation of the cubic identities from Mishev to the specific identities for elliptic KdV tau functions

Identity and identity conflict in the workplace

NARCIS (Netherlands)

K.E. Horton (Kate); P.S. Bayerl (Saskia); G. Belschak-Jacobs (Gabriele)

2014-01-01

textabstractAs individuals, we define ourselves according to various characteristics that include our values and beliefs. This gives us our identity. As organisations become increasingly complex, understanding the concept of identity conflict may mean the difference between success and failure.

Mistaken identity: activating conservative political identities induces "conservative" financial decisions.

Science.gov (United States)

Morris, Michael W; Carranza, Erica; Fox, Craig R

2008-11-01

Four studies investigated whether activating a social identity can lead group members to choose options that are labeled in words associated with that identity. When political identities were made salient, Republicans (but not Democrats) became more likely to choose the gamble or investment option labeled "conservative." This shift did not occur in a condition in which the same options were unlabeled. Thus, the mechanism underlying the effect appears to be not activated identity-related values prioritizing low risk, but rather activated identity-related language (the group label "conservative"). Indeed, when political identities were salient, Republicans favored options labeled "conservative" regardless of whether the options were low or high risk. Finally, requiring participants to explain the label "conservative" before making their choice did not diminish the effect, which suggests that it does not merely reflect inattention to content or construct accessibility. We discuss the implications of these results for the literatures on identity, priming, choice, politics, and marketing.

Teacher educators: their identities, sub-identities and implications for professional development

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Swennen, J.M.H.; Jones, K.; Volman, M.L.L.

2010-01-01

In this article we address the question: 'What sub-identities of teacher educators emerge from the research literature about teacher educators and what are the implications of the sub-identities for the professional development of teacher educators?' Like other professional identities, the identity

Identity after Death

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gerstrøm, Anna

2015-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore how legacy organizational identity and death relate to each other and, thereby, contribute to closing the gap in knowledge on organizational identity constructions in times of death. Design/methodology/approach: The paper opted for an exploratory....../value: This paper addresses an apparent gap in the literature on identity and death; exploring identity narratives in a bankrupted bank, the paper considers constructions of legacy organizational identities in times of disruptive death....

General Relativistic Mean Field Theory for rotating nuclei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Madokoro, Hideki [Kyushu Univ., Fukuoka (Japan). Dept. of Physics; Matsuzaki, Masayuki

1998-03-01

The {sigma}-{omega} model Lagrangian is generalized to an accelerated frame by using the technique of general relativity which is known as tetrad formalism. We apply this model to the description of rotating nuclei within the mean field approximation, which we call General Relativistic Mean Field Theory (GRMFT) for rotating nuclei. The resulting equations of motion coincide with those of Munich group whose formulation was not based on the general relativistic transformation property of the spinor fields. Some numerical results are shown for the yrast states of the Mg isotopes and the superdeformed rotational bands in the A {approx} 60 mass region. (author)

Vibrational motions in rotating nuclei studied by Coulomb excitations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shimizu, Yoshifumi R [Kyushu Univ., Fukuoka (Japan). Dept. of Physics

1998-03-01

As is well-known Coulomb excitation is an excellent tool to study the nuclear collective motions. Especially the vibrational excitations in rotating nuclei, which are rather difficult to access by usual heavy-ion fusion reactions, can be investigated in detail. Combined with the famous 8{pi}-Spectrometer, which was one of the best {gamma}-ray detector and had discovered some of superdeformed bands, such Coulomb excitation experiments had been carried out at Chalk River laboratory just before it`s shutdown of physics division. In this meeting some of the experimental data are presented and compared with the results of theoretical investigations. (author)

Identity/Time

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nancy J. Knauer

2013-09-01

Full Text Available This paper engages the unspoken fourth dimension of intersectionality—time. Using the construction of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT identities as an example, it establishes that identity, as it is lived and experienced, is not only multivalent, but also historically contingent. It then raises a number of points regarding the temporal locality of identity—the influence of time on issues of identity and understanding, its implications for legal interventions, social movement building, and paradigms of progressive change. As the title suggests, the paper asks us to consider the frame of identity over time.

Vocational Identity and Ego Identity Status in Korean Nursing Students

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hyun-Young Koo, PhD, RN

2016-03-01

Conclusions: These findings show that nursing students in identity achievement status have secure and clear vocational identities. Further longitudinal and qualitative studies are needed to find out if identity formation among nursing students changes with age.

Ternutator identities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Devchand, Chandrashekar; Fairlie, David; Nuyts, Jean; Weingart, Gregor

2009-01-01

The ternary commutator or ternutator, defined as the alternating sum of the product of three operators, has recently drawn much attention as an interesting structure generalizing the commutator. The ternutator satisfies cubic identities analogous to the quadratic Jacobi identity for the commutator. We present various forms of these identities and discuss the possibility of using them to define ternary algebras.

Nuclear pairing reduction due to rotation and blocking

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu Xi; Zhang Zhenhua; Lei Yi'an; Zeng Jinyan

2010-01-01

Nuclear pairing gaps of well-deformed and superdeformed nuclei are investigated using the particle-number conserving (PNC) formalism for the cranked shell model, in which the blocking effects are treated exactly and no spurious states appear. Both the rotational frequency ω-dependence and seniority ν-dependence of the pairing gap Δ-bar are addressed. For the ground-state bands of even-even nuclei, PNC calculations show that in general Δ-bar decreases with increasing ω, but the ω-dependence is much weaker than that calculated by the number-projected Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov (NHFB) approach. For the multi quasiparticle bands (seniority ν > 2), the pairing gaps keep almost ω-independent. As a function of the seniority ν, the bandhead pairing gaps Δ-bar (ν, ω = 0) decrease slowly with increasing ν. Even for the highest seniority ν bands identified so far, Δ-bar (ν, ω = 0) keep 70% larger than Δ-bar (ν = 0, ω = 0). (authors)

Nuclear pairing reduction due to rotation and blocking

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu, X.; Zhang, Z. H.; Zeng, J. Y.; Lei, Y. A.

2011-01-01

Nuclear pairing gaps of normally deformed and superdeformed nuclei are investigated using the particle-number-conserving (PNC) formalism for the cranked shell model, in which the blocking effects are treated exactly. Both rotational frequency ω dependence and seniority (number of unpaired particles) ν dependence of the pairing gap Δ-tilde are investigated. For the ground-state bands of even-even nuclei, PNC calculations show that, in general, Δ-tilde decreases with increasing ω, but the ω dependence is much weaker than that calculated by the number-projected Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov approach. For the multiquasiparticle bands (seniority ν>2), the pairing gaps stay almost ω independent. As a function of the seniority ν, the bandhead pairing gaps Δ-tilde(ν,ω=0) decrease slowly with increasing ν. Even for the highest seniority ν bands identified so far, Δ-tilde(ν,ω=0) remains greater than 70% of Δ-tilde(ν=0,ω=0).

New features in the spectrum of {sup 152}Dy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Galindo-Uribarri, A; Andrews, H R; Ball, G C; Radford, D C; Janzen, V P; Ward, D [Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd., Chalk River, ON (Canada). Chalk River Nuclear Labs.; Kuehner, J A; Mullins, S; Persson, L; Prevost, D; Waddington, J C [McMaster Univ., Hamilton, ON (Canada). Dept. of Physics; Drake, T E [Toronto Univ., ON (Canada). Dept. of Physics; Wyss, R [Joint Inst. for Heavy Ion Research, Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

1992-08-01

One of the most important recent developments in nuclear structure physics has been the prediction and observation of superdeformed (SD) shapes at high angular momentum in several nuclei in the rare earth region. The first experimental observation was a ridge-valley structure in a {gamma}-{gamma} coincidence matrix for the {sup 152}Dy nucleus. The ridge was found to be generated by sequences of stretched E2 transitions and corresponded to a moment of inertia J{sup (2)} of 85 {Dirac_h}{sup 2}MeV{sup -1}. Subsequently a discrete SD band was discovered in {sup 152}Dy and the lifetimes were measured. More recently the discovery of SD bands in several nuclei in the neighbourhood of {sup 152}Dy, the discovery of multiple SD bands in some nuclei, and the discovery of new SD regions at mass A {approx} 190 and A {approx} 140 have stimulated intense research activity in this area of nuclear physics. (author). 15 refs., 4 figs.

Ethnic Identity in Everyday Life: The Influence of Identity Development Status

Science.gov (United States)

Yip, Tiffany

2013-01-01

The current study explores the intersection of ethnic identity development and significance in a sample of 354 diverse adolescents (mean age 14). Adolescents completed surveys 5 times a day for 1 week. Cluster analyses revealed 4 identity clusters: diffused, foreclosed, moratorium, achieved. Achieved adolescents reported the highest levels of identity salience across situations, followed by moratorium adolescents. Achieved and moratorium adolescents also reported a positive association between identity salience and private regard. For foreclosed and achieved adolescents reporting low levels of centrality, identity salience was associated with lower private regard. For foreclosed and achieved adolescents reporting high levels of centrality, identity salience was associated with higher private regard. PMID:23581701

Dual-band frequency selective surface with large band separation and stable performance

Science.gov (United States)

Zhou, Hang; Qu, Shao-Bo; Peng, Wei-Dong; Lin, Bao-Qin; Wang, Jia-Fu; Ma, Hua; Zhang, Jie-Qiu; Bai, Peng; Wang, Xu-Hua; Xu, Zhuo

2012-05-01

A new technique of designing a dual-band frequency selective surface with large band separation is presented. This technique is based on a delicately designed topology of L- and Ku-band microwave filters. The two band-pass responses are generated by a capacitively-loaded square-loop frequency selective surface and an aperture-coupled frequency selective surface, respectively. A Faraday cage is located between the two frequency selective surface structures to eliminate undesired couplings. Based on this technique, a dual-band frequency selective surface with large band separation is designed, which possesses large band separation, high selectivity, and stable performance under various incident angles and different polarizations.

SHARPENDING OF THE VNIR AND SWIR BANDS OF THE WIDE BAND SPECTRAL IMAGER ONBOARD TIANGONG-II IMAGERY USING THE SELECTED BANDS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Q. Liu

2018-04-01

Full Text Available The Tiangong-II space lab was launched at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center of China on September 15, 2016. The Wide Band Spectral Imager (WBSI onboard the Tiangong-II has 14 visible and near-infrared (VNIR spectral bands covering the range from 403–990 nm and two shortwave infrared (SWIR bands covering the range from 1230–1250 nm and 1628–1652 nm respectively. In this paper the selected bands are proposed which aims at considering the closest spectral similarities between the VNIR with 100 m spatial resolution and SWIR bands with 200 m spatial resolution. The evaluation of Gram-Schmidt transform (GS sharpening techniques embedded in ENVI software is presented based on four types of the different low resolution pan band. The experimental results indicated that the VNIR band with higher CC value with the raw SWIR Band was selected, more texture information was injected the corresponding sharpened SWIR band image, and at that time another sharpened SWIR band image preserve the similar spectral and texture characteristics to the raw SWIR band image.

Experiencing with Identity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pors, Justine Grønbæk

2012-01-01

This article studies how a political organization begins to experiment with its identity. By use of an empirical case of the Danish Ministry of Education, I examine how a political organization supplements its identity of a legislating power with identities of a supervisor, beacon and facilitator...... of evaluation in public schools. Out of a paralysis emerge new innovative strategies of governing, aimed at the schools’ self-governing capacity. The identity of the political system thus emerges as oscillations between different roles of a legislating power and a supervising coach. The case study suggests...... that a society of experimentalism is emerging. Thus, the relevant object of study is no longer organizational identity, but the experiments with different identities that modern organizations are performing....

Beam Dynamics a Integrated Plane Wave Transformer Photoinjector at S- and X- band

Science.gov (United States)

Rosenzweig, J. B.; Ding, X.; Pellegrini, X.; Serafini, L.; Yu, D.

1997-05-01

The beam dynamics of an integrated S-band rf photoinjector based on the plane wave transformer concept, proposed as part of an SBIR collaboration between UCLA and DULY Research, are studied. The intial design, which calls for an 11.5 cell structure run at a peak on-axis accelerating field of 60 MV/m, and has a compact solenoid around the intial 2.5 cells, is based on the recently developed theory of emittance compensation(L.Serafini, and J.B. Rosenzweig, submitted to Physical Review E.). It calls for matching the beam onto an envelope which is a generalized Brillouin flow, producing a beam which diminishes in transverse size as the square root of the accelerating beam energy. This condition produces a minimized emittance, which for the S-band case is 1 mm-rad at at charge of 1 nC. This design is also scaled to produce nearly identical performance at X-band, giving an injector appropriate to running an FEL at the SLAC NLCTA. It is noted that these designs are insensitive to rf emittance increase, allowign a choice of injection phase, and the option to compress the emitted pulse.

Dual-band frequency selective surface with large band separation and stable performance

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhou Hang; Qu Shao-Bo; Lin Bao-Qin; Wang Jia-Fu; Ma Hua; Zhang Jie-Qiu; Peng Wei-Dong; Bai Peng; Wang Xu-Hua; Xu Zhuo

2012-01-01

A new technique of designing a dual-band frequency selective surface with large band separation is presented. This technique is based on a delicately designed topology of L- and Ku-band microwave filters. The two band-pass responses are generated by a capacitively-loaded square-loop frequency selective surface and an aperture-coupled frequency selective surface, respectively. A Faraday cage is located between the two frequency selective surface structures to eliminate undesired couplings. Based on this technique, a dual-band frequency selective surface with large band separation is designed, which possesses large band separation, high selectivity, and stable performance under various incident angles and different polarizations. (electromagnetism, optics, acoustics, heat transfer, classical mechanics, and fluid dynamics)

Timescale stretch parameterization of Type Ia supernova B-band light curves

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goldhaber, G.; Groom, D.E.; Kim, A.; Aldering, G.; Astier, P.; Conley, A.; Deustua, S.E.; Ellis, R.; Fabbro, S.; Fruchter, A.S.; Goobar, A.; Hook, I.; Irwin, M.; Kim, M.; Knop, R.A.; Lidman, C.; McMahon, R.; Nugent, P.E.; Pain, R.; Panagia, N.; Pennypacker, C.R.; Perlmutter, S.; Ruiz-Lapuente, P.; Schaefer, B.; Walton, N.A.; York, T.

2001-01-01

R-band intensity measurements along the light curve of Type Ia supernovae discovered by the Cosmology Project (SCP) are fitted in brightness to templates allowing a free parameter the time-axis width factor w identically equal to s times (1+z). The data points are then individually aligned in the time-axis, normalized and K-corrected back to the rest frame, after which the nearly 1300 normalized intensity measurements are found to lie on a well-determined common rest-frame B-band curve which we call the ''composite curve.'' The same procedure is applied to 18 low-redshift Calan/Tololo SNe with Z < 0.11; these nearly 300 B-band photometry points are found to lie on the composite curve equally well. The SCP search technique produces several measurements before maximum light for each supernova. We demonstrate that the linear stretch factor, s, which parameterizes the light-curve timescale appears independent of z, and applies equally well to the declining and rising parts of the light curve. In fact, the B band template that best fits this composite curve fits the individual supernova photometry data when stretched by a factor s with chi 2/DoF ∼ 1, thus as well as any parameterization can, given the current data sets. The measurement of the data of explosion, however, is model dependent and not tightly constrained by the current data. We also demonstrate the 1 + z light-cure time-axis broadening expected from cosmological expansion. This argues strongly against alternative explanations, such as tired light, for the redshift of distant objects

Identity Work and Emotions

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Winkler, Ingo

2018-01-01

This paper reviews the empirical literature on identity work and identifies two distinct approaches to incorporating emotion. The majority of empirical studies use emotion to describe the experiences of identity work. In doing so, the authors (a) mention the emotions that people feel in situations...... that trigger identity work, (b) illustrate identity work as an emotional endeavour, and (c) describe the emotional impact of successful and unsuccessful identity work. There is also an emerging literature that examines the mutual constitution of emotions and identity work. These authors address emotional...... labour, affective social identification, emotional attachment and detachment, and humour when studying identity work. This paper suggests that, to understand better the relation between emotions and identity work, future research should examine the role of emotions in problematizing identity...

Spacing Identity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Stang Våland, Marianne; Georg, Susse

2018-01-01

In this paper, we analyze how architectural design, and the spatial and material changes this involves, contributes to the continuous shaping of identities in an organization. Based upon a case study of organizational and architectural change in a municipal administration at a time of major public...... sector reforms, we examine how design interventions were used to (re)form work and professional relationships. The paper examines how engagements with spatial arrangements and material artifacts affected people’s sense of both occupational and organizational identity. Taking a relational approach...... to sociomateriality, the paper contributes to the further theorizing of space in organization studies by proposing the concept of spacing identity to capture the fluidity of identity performance....

Perspectives on Sexual Identity Formation, Identity Practices, and Identity Transitions Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in India.

Science.gov (United States)

Tomori, Cecilia; Srikrishnan, Aylur K; Ridgeway, Kathleen; Solomon, Sunil S; Mehta, Shruti H; Solomon, Suniti; Celentano, David D

2018-01-01

Men who have sex with men (MSM) remain at high risk for HIV infection. Culturally specific sexual identities, encompassing sexual roles, behavior, and appearance, may shape MSM's experiences of stigmatization and discrimination, and affect their vulnerability to HIV. This multi-site qualitative study (n = 363) encompassing 31 focus group discussions (FGDs) and 121 in-depth interviews (IDIs) across 15 sites in India investigated sexual identity formation, identity practices, and transitions and their implications for HIV prevention. IDIs and FGDs were transcribed, translated, and underwent thematic analysis. Our findings document heterogeneous sexual identity formation, with MSM who have more gender nonconforming behaviors or appearance reporting greater family- and community-level disapproval, harassment, violence, and exclusion. Concealing feminine aspects of sexual identities was important in daily life, especially for married MSM. Some participants negotiated their identity practices in accordance with socioeconomic and cultural pressures, including taking on identity characteristics to suit consumer demand in sex work and on extended periods of joining communities of hijras (sometimes called TG or transgender women). Participants also reported that some MSM transition toward more feminine and hijra or transgender women identities, motivated by intersecting desires for feminine gender expression and by social exclusion and economic marginalization. Future studies should collect information on gender nonconformity stigma, and any changes in sexual identity practices or plans for transitions to other identities over time, in relation to HIV risk behaviors and outcomes.

Dual band multi frequency rectangular patch microstrip antenna with flyswatter shaped slot for wireless systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bhardwaj, Dheeraj; Saraswat, Shriti; Gulati, Gitansh; Shekhar, Snehanshu; Joshi, Kanika; Sharma, Komal

2016-01-01

In this paper a dual band planar antenna has been proposed for IEEE 802.16 Wi-MAX /IEEE 802.11 WLAN/4.9 GHz public safety applications. The antenna comprises a frequency bandwidth of 560MHz (3.37GHz-3.93GHz) for WLAN and WiMAX and 372MHz (4.82GHz-5.192GHz) for 4.9 GHz public safety applications and Radio astronomy services (4.8-4.94 GHz). The proposed antenna constitutes of a single microstrip patch reactively loaded with three identical steps positioned in a zig-zag manner towards the radiating edges of the patch. The coaxially fed patch antenna characteristics (radiation pattern, antenna gain, antenna directivity, current distribution, S_1_1) have been investigated. The antenna design is primarily focused on achieving a dual band operation.

Dual band multi frequency rectangular patch microstrip antenna with flyswatter shaped slot for wireless systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bhardwaj, Dheeraj, E-mail: dbhardwaj.bit@gmail.com [Department of Physics, BIT-Mesra-Jaipur Campus, Jaipur 302017 (India); Saraswat, Shriti, E-mail: saraswat.srishti@gmail.com; Gulati, Gitansh, E-mail: gitanshgulati@gmail.com; Shekhar, Snehanshu, E-mail: snehanshushekhar.bit@gmail.com; Joshi, Kanika, E-mail: kanika.karesh@gmail.com [Department of Electronics & Communication, BIT-Mesra-Jaipur Campus, Jaipur 302017 (India); Sharma, Komal, E-mail: kbhardwaj18@gmail.com [Department of Physics, Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Jaipur 302017 (India)

2016-03-09

In this paper a dual band planar antenna has been proposed for IEEE 802.16 Wi-MAX /IEEE 802.11 WLAN/4.9 GHz public safety applications. The antenna comprises a frequency bandwidth of 560MHz (3.37GHz-3.93GHz) for WLAN and WiMAX and 372MHz (4.82GHz-5.192GHz) for 4.9 GHz public safety applications and Radio astronomy services (4.8-4.94 GHz). The proposed antenna constitutes of a single microstrip patch reactively loaded with three identical steps positioned in a zig-zag manner towards the radiating edges of the patch. The coaxially fed patch antenna characteristics (radiation pattern, antenna gain, antenna directivity, current distribution, S{sub 11}) have been investigated. The antenna design is primarily focused on achieving a dual band operation.

Dual band multi frequency rectangular patch microstrip antenna with flyswatter shaped slot for wireless systems

Science.gov (United States)

Bhardwaj, Dheeraj; Saraswat, Shriti; Gulati, Gitansh; Shekhar, Snehanshu; Joshi, Kanika; Sharma, Komal

2016-03-01

In this paper a dual band planar antenna has been proposed for IEEE 802.16 Wi-MAX /IEEE 802.11 WLAN/4.9 GHz public safety applications. The antenna comprises a frequency bandwidth of 560MHz (3.37GHz-3.93GHz) for WLAN and WiMAX and 372MHz (4.82GHz-5.192GHz) for 4.9 GHz public safety applications and Radio astronomy services (4.8-4.94 GHz). The proposed antenna constitutes of a single microstrip patch reactively loaded with three identical steps positioned in a zig-zag manner towards the radiating edges of the patch. The coaxially fed patch antenna characteristics (radiation pattern, antenna gain, antenna directivity, current distribution, S11) have been investigated. The antenna design is primarily focused on achieving a dual band operation.

High-spin rotational states in {sup 179}Os

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Burde, J [Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States); [Hebrew Univ., Jerusalem (Israel). Racah Inst. of Physics; Deleplanque, M A; Diamond, R M; Macchiavelli, A O; Stephens, F S; Beausang, C W [Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States)

1992-08-01

The rotational bands of the osmium isotopes display very interesting properties that vary with the neutron number. On the one hand the yrast bands of {sup 182,184,186}Os display a sudden and rather strong gain in aligned angular momentum,, whereas the lighter osmium nuclei such as {sup 176,178,180}Os show a more gradual increase of alignment characteristic of strongly interacting bands. In addition, an unusual rotational band has been found in {sup 178}Os. It consists of seven regularly spaced transitions about 36 keV apart which correspond closely to the spacing of the superdeformed band in {sup 152}Dy after an A{sup 5/3} normalization. this band populates the yrast band directly, and the moment of inertia J{sup (1)} is found to be much smaller than J{sup (2)}. The most likely interpretation of this is a band with large deformation which is undergoing systematic changes in deformation, pairing and/or alignment. This latter finding in particular motivated us to carry out research on the higher spin states in {sup 179}Os. Dracoulis et al. have published their results on 5 rotational bands in {sup 179}Os. In the present work we found six new bands and extended appreciably the spin limits in the other five. (author). 5 refs., 3 figs.

Identity Presentation: The Construction of Identity in Asynchronous Discussion

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Brian Morgan

2008-08-01

Full Text Available This study examines the use of e-mail as a tool for long term discussion between teachers and grade six students. E-mail messages between grade six students and teachers were collected over the course of one academic year. Methods of conversation analysis within a framework of social practice are used to examine the data. While identity is more readily constructed and more fully developed in contexts which allow for physical embodiment such as face-to-face discussion, this analysis found that identity can be constructed in a context that does not provide for the physical embodiment of identity: Identity was constructed using the social, cultural, and technological tools provided and supported by e-mail to develop social practices germane to the e-mail discussion. This study has implications for further understanding the relation between identity, goals, constraints and affordances, and the collaborative creation of social practices in asynchronous computer mediated communication. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0803185

Identity Styles and Religiosity: Examining the Role of Identity Commitment

Science.gov (United States)

Grajales, Tevni E.; Sommers, Brittany

2016-01-01

This study observed the role of identity styles, identity commitment, and identity statuses in predicting religiosity in a sample of undergraduate students attending a Seventh-day Adventist university (N = 138). Two structural models were evaluated via path analysis. Results revealed two strong models for the prediction of religiosity. Identity…

Political, religious and occupational identities in context: placing identity status paradigm in context.

Science.gov (United States)

Solomontos-Kountouri, Olga; Hurry, Jane

2008-04-01

This study critically contrasts global identity with domain-specific identities (political, religious and occupational) and considers context and gender as integral parts of identity. In a cross-sectional survey, 1038 Greek Cypriot adolescents (449 boys and 589 girls, mean age 16.8) from the three different types of secondary schools (state, state technical and private) and from different SES completed part of the Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status-2 (EOMEIS-2). The macro-context of Greek Cypriot society is used to understand the role of context in adolescents' identities. Results showed that Greek Cypriot young people were not in the same statuses across their global, political, religious and occupational identities. This heterogeneity in the status of global identity and of each identity domain is partially explained by differences in gender, type of school and SES (socio-economic status). The fact that identity status is found to be reactive to context suggests that developmental stage models of identity status should place greater emphasis on context.

Identities as organizational practices

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Oshima, Sae; Asmuß, Birte

Identity has been widely acknowledged as playing a central role in various organizational processes, yet there is still a need to better understand the dynamics and functions of identity work in modern organizations. The present paper is centered within this concern, and examines identity......) reveal the intersubjective, multimodal and embodied nature of identity work; 2) demonstrate identity work as organizational practices, used in order to accomplish specific actions; and 3) pose a question on the view on identity as a layered/leveled phenomenon....

Mobile Identity Management

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hoepman, J.J.

2011-01-01

Identity management consists of the processes and all underlying technologies for the creation, management, and usage of digital identities. Business rely on identity management systems to simplify the management of access rights to their systems and services for both their employees and their

Band structure of semiconductors

CERN Document Server

Tsidilkovski, I M

2013-01-01

Band Structure of Semiconductors provides a review of the theoretical and experimental methods of investigating band structure and an analysis of the results of the developments in this field. The book presents the problems, methods, and applications in the study of band structure. Topics on the computational methods of band structure; band structures of important semiconducting materials; behavior of an electron in a perturbed periodic field; effective masses and g-factors for the most commonly encountered band structures; and the treatment of cyclotron resonance, Shubnikov-de Haas oscillatio

Miniaturized Ka-Band Dual-Channel Radar

Science.gov (United States)

Hoffman, James P.; Moussessian, Alina; Jenabi, Masud; Custodero, Brian

2011-01-01

Smaller (volume, mass, power) electronics for a Ka-band (36 GHz) radar interferometer were required. To reduce size and achieve better control over RFphase versus temperature, fully hybrid electronics were developed for the RF portion of the radar s two-channel receiver and single-channel transmitter. In this context, fully hybrid means that every active RF device was an open die, and all passives were directly attached to the subcarrier. Attachments were made using wire and ribbon bonding. In this way, every component, even small passives, was selected for the fabrication of the two radar receivers, and the devices were mounted relative to each other in order to make complementary components isothermal and to isolate other components from potential temperature gradients. This is critical for developing receivers that can track each other s phase over temperature, which is a key mission driver for obtaining ocean surface height. Fully hybrid, Ka-band (36 GHz) radar transmitter and dual-channel receiver were developed for spaceborne radar interferometry. The fully hybrid fabrication enables control over every aspect of the component selection, placement, and connection. Since the two receiver channels must track each other to better than 100 millidegrees of RF phase over several minutes, the hardware in the two receivers must be "identical," routed the same (same line lengths), and as isothermal as possible. This level of design freedom is not possible with packaged components, which include many internal passive, unknown internal connection lengths/types, and often a single orientation of inputs and outputs.

Identity Management

CERN Document Server

Pace, A

2008-01-01

This paper introduces identity management concepts and discusses various issues associated with its implementation. It will try to highlight technical, legal, and social aspects that must been foreseen when defining the numerous processes that an identity management infrastructure must support. Grid interoperability as well as cross platform interoperability is addressed on the technical aspect, followed by a short discussion on social consequences on user’s privacy when completed traceability is enforced and some examples on how identity management has been implemented at CERN

Identity management

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pace, A

2008-01-01

This paper introduces identity management concepts and discusses various issues associated with their implementation. It will try to highlight technical, legal, and social aspects that must been foreseen when defining the numerous processes that an identity management infrastructure must support. Grid interoperability as well as cross platform interoperability is addressed on the technical aspect, followed by a short discussion on social consequences on user's privacy when completed traceability is enforced. The paper will finally give some examples on how identity management has been implemented at CERN

Atomic-Monolayer MoS2 Band-to-Band Tunneling Field-Effect Transistor

KAUST Repository

Lan, Yann Wen

2016-09-05

The experimental observation of band-to-band tunneling in novel tunneling field-effect transistors utilizing a monolayer of MoS2 as the conducting channel is demonstrated. Our results indicate that the strong gate-coupling efficiency enabled by two-dimensional materials, such as monolayer MoS2, results in the direct manifestation of a band-to-band tunneling current and an ambipolar transport.

Identity management

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pace, A [CERN, Geneva (Switzerland)

2008-07-01

This paper introduces identity management concepts and discusses various issues associated with their implementation. It will try to highlight technical, legal, and social aspects that must been foreseen when defining the numerous processes that an identity management infrastructure must support. Grid interoperability as well as cross platform interoperability is addressed on the technical aspect, followed by a short discussion on social consequences on user's privacy when completed traceability is enforced. The paper will finally give some examples on how identity management has been implemented at CERN.

Asian American Adolescent Identity

OpenAIRE

Ohm, Julie Juhye

1999-01-01

The formation of ego identity in Asian American late adolescents attending Virginia Tech was examined within the frameworks of Erikson's psychosocial theory and Berry, Trimble, and Olmedo's model of acculturation. Ego identity was measured using the Achieved sub-scale of the Revised Version of the Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status, an instrument based on the theoretical constructs of Erikson. Ethnic identity was measured using the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure and America...

The constitution of marginalized identity in Signs of identity by Juan Goytisolo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jelica Veljović

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The main objective of the article is to investigate the modes of constitution of a marginalized and exiled identity in the novel Signs of identity by Juan Goytisolo. It is categorised as a “testimony and postwar novel”, and the subjects’ constant search of themselves, of their Self and all the elements that constitute their identity is central to the work. The novel is set in the postwar socio-historical period and the protagonist – Alvaro Mendiola – searches for his identity in his childhood memories and family pictures, but also amongst all the Others whose life stories intertwine with his journey of identification. Tracing his line of identity formation, we found three different routes: the first through the genealogical records, the second through the concept of Otherness and the last one through love. We find Identity as a kaleidoscope containing all the Others who served as moulds for his Identity, yet leaving it undefined and incomplete. Therefore, the identity of an exiled and marginalized individual is always in flux, continually reinitiating the constitution of the Self that had been eradicated from its first and formative imagery: the family and the fatherland.

Band-notched spiral antenna

Science.gov (United States)

Jeon, Jae; Chang, John

2018-03-13

A band-notched spiral antenna having one or more spiral arms extending from a radially inner end to a radially outer end for transmitting or receiving electromagnetic radiation over a frequency range, and one or more resonance structures positioned adjacent one or more segments of the spiral arm associated with a notch frequency band or bands of the frequency range so as to resonate and suppress the transmission or reception of electromagnetic radiation over said notch frequency band or bands.

Human identity versus gender identity: The perception of sexual addiction among Iranian women.

Science.gov (United States)

Moshtagh, Mozhgan; Mirlashari, Jila; Rafiey, Hassan; Azin, Ali; Farnam, Robert

2017-07-01

This qualitative study was conducted to explore the images of personal identity from the perspective of women with sexual addiction. The data required for the study were collected through 31 in-depth interviews. Sensing a threat to personal identity, dissatisfaction with gender identity, dissociation with the continuum of identity, and identity reconstruction in response to threat were four of the experiences that were common among women with sexual addiction. Painful emotional experiences appear to have created a sense of gender and sexual conflict or weakness in these women and thus threatened their personal identity and led to their sexual addiction.

Organizational Identity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hatch, Mary Jo; Schultz, Majken

This text presents the classic works on organizational identity alongside more current thinking on the issues. Ranging from theoretical contributions to empirical studies, the readings in this volume address the key issues of organizational identity, and show how these issues have developed through...

Identities in Harmony: Gender-Work Identity Integration Moderates Frame Switching in Cognitive Processing

Science.gov (United States)

Sacharin, Vera; Lee, Fiona; Gonzalez, Richard

2009-01-01

Professional women's identity integration--the perceived compatibility between work and gender identities--plays a role in how task or relationship information is processed. Seventy female business school students were primed with either their professional or their gender identity. Business women with higher identity integration showed an…

Extreme nuclear deformations studied at the GASP spectrometer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lunardi, S.; Bazzacco, D.; Fabris, D.; Lunardon, M.; Medina, N.H.; Nebbia, G.; Petrache, C.M.; Rizzuto, M.A.; Alvarez, C.R.; Viesti, G.

1997-01-01

Very exotic shapes can be assumed for the nuclei at high angular momenta. Their study has become possible with the advent of the last generation high-resolution γ-ray spectrometers. In this talk results are presented on superdeformed nuclei of the A = 140 mass region where a detailed spectroscopy in the second minimum is now possible. Hyperdeformed rotational bands, expected in the third minimum, lie at even higher spins where their observation is very difficult from the experimental point of view. Up to now only weak signals of their presence have been observed. The status of the search for hyperdeformation in 152 Dy is reported. (author)

Corporate Brand Identity in SMEs

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mäläskä, Minna; Jones, Richard Ian

Purpose: To study the emergence of corporate brand identity in SMEs and to develop a typology of brand identity drivers that reflects a co-creative approach to the emergence of brand identity. Design / Methodology / Approach : Existing approaches to brand identity are summarised. A narrative...... studies. The research is important since it suggests an iterative and co-creative approach to brand identity. A typology of brand identity formation for SMEs is presented: entrepreneur driven, market driven, stakeholder driven. Practical implications: The three paths to creating a strong brand identity...... challenge existing notions that brand identity is based solely on the values of the entrepreneur. This typology suggests that SMEs should be open to creating an identity that draws from their stakeholder eco-system. Originality / value: this research challenges the existing assumption that brand identity...

Electronic identity

CERN Document Server

de Andrade, Norberto Nuno Gomes; Argles, David

2014-01-01

With the increasing availability of electronic services, security and a reliable means by which identity is verified is essential.Written by Norberto Andrade the first chapter of this book provides an overview of the main legal and regulatory aspects regarding electronic identity in Europe and assesses the importance of electronic identity for administration (public), business (private) and, above all, citizens. It also highlights the role of eID as a key enabler of the economy.In the second chapter Lisha Chen-Wilson, David Argles, Michele Schiano di Zenise and Gary Wills discuss the user-cent

Thinking identity differently: dynamics of identity in self and institutional boundary

Science.gov (United States)

Albrecht, Nancy J.; Fortney, Brian S.

2011-03-01

In research oriented universities, research and teaching are often viewed as separate. Aydeniz and Hodge present one professor's struggles to synthesize an identity from three different spaces, each with competing values and core beliefs. As Mr. G's story unfolds, and he reflects upon his negotiation between teaching and research responsibilities, we seek to expand the discussion by presenting a caution to identity researchers. The caution pertains to construction of understanding on how identities are created, and the role that individual stories take in how identities are created and enacted. In this forum contribution, we present several questions in the hopes of furthering the discussion on identity research, and our understanding of the conceptualization of institutional boundaries and objectivity, as well as questions on participant involvement in the process of research.

Multicultural identity processes.

Science.gov (United States)

Hong, Ying-Yi; Zhan, Siran; Morris, Michael W; Benet-Martínez, Verónica

2016-04-01

The study of multicultural identity has gained prominence in recent decades and will be even more urgent as the mobility of individuals and social groups becomes the 'new normal'. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art theoretical advancements and empirical discoveries of multicultural identity processes at the intrapersonal, interpersonal, and collective (e.g., organizational, societal) levels. First, biculturalism has more benefits for individuals' psychological and sociocultural adjustment than monoculturalism. Bicultural individuals' racial essentialist beliefs and Bicultural Identity Integration affect cultural frame switching, racial categorization, and creativity. Second, identity denial and identity-based discrimination by other people or groups threaten multicultural individuals' psychological health and performance. Third, multiculturalism and interculturalism policies are associated with different conceptions of and attitudes toward diversity, and have distinct outcomes for multicultural individuals and societies. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Effect of hot band grain size on development of textures and magnetic properties in 2.0% Si non-oriented electrical steel sheet

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, K.M. [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 5-1, Anam-dong, Sungbuk-Gu, Seoul 136-701 (Korea, Republic of); Huh, M.Y., E-mail: myhuh@korea.ac.kr [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 5-1, Anam-dong, Sungbuk-Gu, Seoul 136-701 (Korea, Republic of); Lee, H.J.; Park, J.T.; Kim, J.S. [Electrical Steel Sheet Research Group, Technical Research Laboratories, POSCO, Goedong-dong, Pohang (Korea, Republic of); Shin, E.J. [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Neutron Science Division, Daejeon 305-353 (Korea, Republic of); Engler, O. [Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH, Research and Development Bonn, P.O. Box 2468, D-53014 Bonn (Germany)

2015-12-15

The effect of hot band grain size on the development of crystallographic texture and magnetic properties in non-oriented electrical steel sheet was studied. After cold rolling the samples with different initial grain sizes displayed different microstructures and micro-textures but nearly identical macro-textures. The homogeneous recrystallized microstructure and micro-texture in the sample having small grains caused normal continuous grain growth. The quite irregular microstructure and micro-texture in the recrystallized sample with large initial grain size provided a preferential growth of grains in 〈001〉//ND and 〈113〉//ND which were beneficial for developing superior magnetic properties. - Highlights: • We produced hot bands of electrical steel with different grain size but same texture. • Hot band grain size strongly affected cold rolling and subsequent annealing textures. • Homogeneous recrystallized microstructure caused normal continuous grain growth. • Irregular recrystallized microstructure led to selective growth of <001>//ND grains. • Hot band with large grains was beneficial for superior magnetic properties.

Social Identity in People with Multiple Sclerosis: An Examination of Family Identity and Mood.

Science.gov (United States)

Barker, Alex B; Lincoln, Nadina B; Hunt, Nigel; dasNair, Roshan

2018-01-01

Mood disorders are highly prevalent in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). MS causes changes to a person's sense of self. The Social Identity Model of Identity Change posits that group membership can have a positive effect on mood during identity change. The family is a social group implicated in adjustment to MS. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether family identity can predict mood in people with MS and to test whether this prediction was mediated by social support and connectedness to others. This cross-sectional survey of 195 participants comprised measures of family identity, family social support, connectedness to others, and mood. Family identity predicted mood both directly and indirectly through parallel mediators of family social support and connectedness to others. Family identity predicted mood as posited by the Social Identity Model of Identity Change. Involving the family in adjustment to MS could reduce low mood.

Identity-specific motivation: How distinct identities direct self-regulation across distinct situations.

Science.gov (United States)

Browman, Alexander S; Destin, Mesmin; Molden, Daniel C

2017-12-01

Research on self-regulation has traditionally emphasized that people's thoughts and actions are guided by either (a) domain-general motivations that emerge from a cumulative history of life experiences, or (b) situation-specific motivations that emerge in immediate response to the incentives present in a particular context. However, more recent studies have illustrated the importance of understanding the interplay between such domain-general and situation-specific motivations across the types of contexts people regularly encounter. The present research, therefore, expands existing perspectives on self-regulation by investigating how people's identities -the internalized roles, relationships, and social group memberships that define who they are-systemically guide when and how different domain-general motivations are activated within specific types of situations. Using the motivational framework described by regulatory focus theory (Higgins, 1997), Studies 1 and 2 demonstrate that people indeed have distinct, identity-specific motivations that uniquely influence their current self-regulation when such identities are active. Studies 3-5 then begin to explore how identity-specific motivations are situated within people's larger self-concept. Studies 3a and 3b demonstrate that the less compatible people's specific identities, the more distinct are the motivations connected to those identities. Studies 4-5 then provide some initial, suggestive evidence that identity-specific motivations are not a separate, superordinate feature of people's identities that then alter how they pursue any subordinate, identity-relevant traits, but instead that such motivations emerge from the cumulative motivational significance of the subordinate traits to which the identities themselves become attached. Implications for understanding the role of the self-concept in self-regulation are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

Dual-etalon cavity ring-down frequency-comb spectroscopy with broad band light source

Science.gov (United States)

Chandler, David W; Strecker, Kevin E

2014-04-01

In an embodiment, a dual-etalon cavity-ring-down frequency-comb spectrometer system is described. A broad band light source is split into two beams. One beam travels through a first etalon and a sample under test, while the other beam travels through a second etalon, and the two beams are recombined onto a single detector. If the free spectral ranges ("FSR") of the two etalons are not identical, the interference pattern at the detector will consist of a series of beat frequencies. By monitoring these beat frequencies, optical frequencies where light is absorbed may be determined.

Memory transfer for emotionally valenced words between identities in dissociative identity disorder.

Science.gov (United States)

Huntjens, Rafaële J C; Peters, Madelon L; Woertman, Liesbeth; van der Hart, Onno; Postma, Albert

2007-04-01

The present study aimed to determine interidentity retrieval of emotionally valenced words in dissociative identity disorder (DID). Twenty-two DID patients participated together with 25 normal controls and 25 controls instructed to simulate DID. Two wordlists A and B were constructed including neutral, positive and negative material. List A was shown to one identity, while list B was shown to another identity claiming total amnesia for the words learned by the first identity. The identity claiming amnesia was tested for intrusions from list A words into the recall of words from list B and recognition of the words learned by both identities. Test results indicated no evidence of total interidentity amnesia for emotionally valenced material in DID. It is argued that dissociative amnesia in DID may more adequately be described as a disturbance in meta-memory functioning instead of an actual retrieval inability.

Congenital Constriction Band Syndrome

OpenAIRE

Rajesh Gupta, Fareed Malik, Rishabh Gupta, M.A.Basit, Dara Singh

2008-01-01

Congenital constriction bands are anomalous bands that encircle a digit or an extremity. Congenitalconstriction band syndrome is rare condition and is mostly associated with other musculoskeletaldisorders.We report such a rare experience.

Ritual Identity

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van der Beek, Suzanne

2017-01-01

Rituals are often used as opportunities for self-reflection and identity construction. The Camino to Santiago de Compostela, which has become a singularly popular pilgrimage since the late 1980s, is an example of a ritual that is explicitly used to gain a deeper understanding of one’s identity

Brand Identity.

Science.gov (United States)

Lawlor, John

1998-01-01

Instead of differentiating themselves by building "brand identities," colleges and universities often focus on competing with price. As a result, fewer and fewer institutions base their identities on value, the combination of quality and price. Methods of building two concepts to influence customers' brand image and brand loyalty are…

Identity and Professional Networking.

Science.gov (United States)

Raj, Medha; Fast, Nathanael J; Fisher, Oliver

2017-06-01

Despite evidence that large professional networks afford a host of financial and professional benefits, people vary in how motivated they are to build such networks. To help explain this variance, the present article moves beyond a rational self-interest account to examine the possibility that identity shapes individuals' intentions to network. Study 1 established a positive association between viewing professional networking as identity-congruent and the tendency to prioritize strengthening and expanding one's professional network. Study 2 revealed that manipulating the salience of the self affects networking intentions, but only among those high in networking identity-congruence. Study 3 further established causality by experimentally manipulating identity-congruence to increase networking intentions. Study 4 examined whether identity or self-interest is a better predictor of networking intentions, providing support for the former. These findings indicate that identity influences the networks people develop. Implications for research on the self, identity-based motivation, and professional networking are discussed.

Transfer of newly acquired stimulus valence between identities in dissociative identity disorder (DID).

Science.gov (United States)

Huntjens, Rafaële J C; Peters, Madelon L; Postma, Albert; Woertman, Liesbeth; Effting, Marieke; van der Hart, Onno

2005-02-01

Patients with Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) frequently report episodes of interidentity amnesia, that is amnesia for events experienced by other identities. The goal of the present experiment was to test the implicit transfer of trauma-related information between identities in DID. We hypothesized that whereas declarative information may transfer from one identity to another, the emotional connotation of the memory may be dissociated, especially in the case of negative, trauma-related emotional valence. An evaluative conditioning procedure was combined with an affective priming procedure, both performed by different identities. In the evaluative conditioning procedure, previously neutral stimuli come to refer to a negative or positive connotation. The affective priming procedure was used to test the transfer of this acquired valence to an identity reporting interidentity amnesia. Results indicated activation of stimulus valence in the affective priming task, that is transfer of emotional material between identities.

Sub-band-gap absorption of Cu(In,Ga)Se{sub 2} thin film semiconductors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Meessen, Max; Brueggemann, Rudolf; Bauer, Gottfried H. [Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg (Germany)

2012-07-01

The sub-band-gap absorption of Cu(In,Ga)Se{sub 2} thin films has been studied by photothermal deflection spectroscopy (PDS) in conjunction with optical transmittance spectroscopy. The resulting absorption coefficients are compared to those calculated from photoluminescence spectra using Planck's generalized law. Quantities related to the absorption like Urbach energy and defect densities are derived from the absorption curves. This concept has been applied to a series of bromine-methanol etched Cu(In{sub x-1},Ga{sub x})Se{sub 2} (x=0.3) absorbers with varying thicknesses. A shift in the band gap is observed with both methods and can be related to the gallium gradient in the samples. In contrast, the Urbach energy and defect absorption values are not substantially affected by the etching process. The influence of CdS buffer layers or highly thermally conductive metallic back contacts on PDS results is studied by measuring nominally identical samples with and without those layers.

Challenging Identities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Identity is a keyword in a number of academic fields as well as in public debate and in politics. During the last decades, references to identity have proliferated, yet there is no simple definition available that corresponds to the use of the notion in all contexts. The significance of the notion...

Men as victims: "victim" identities, gay identities, and masculinities.

Science.gov (United States)

Dunn, Peter

2012-11-01

The impact and meanings of homophobic violence on gay men's identities are explored with a particular focus on their identities as men and as gay men. Homosexuality can pose a challenge to conventional masculinities, and for some gay men, being victimized on account of sexual orientation reawakens conflicts about their masculinity that they thought they had resolved. Being victimized can reinvoke shame that is rooted in failure or unwillingness to uphold masculine norms. For some gay men, victimization therefore has connotations of nonmasculinity that make being a victim an undesirable status, yet that status must be claimed to obtain a response from criminal justice or victim services. Men who experience homophobic abuse are helped by accepting a victim identity, but only if they can quickly move on from it by reconstructing a masculine gay (nonvictim) identity. This process can be facilitated by agencies such as the police and victim services, provided they help men exercise agency in "fighting back," that is, resisting further victimization and recovering.

Entrepreneurship Education as Identity Workspace

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Frederiksen, Signe Hedeboe

2016-01-01

Entrepreneurship education theory and practice show increasing interest in identity work as an important part of entrepreneurial learning. Entrepreneurship programs become identity workspaces where pedagogical designs stimulate entrepreneurial identity work and support individuals’ discovery...... of themselves as entrepreneurs. This article investigates how entrepreneurship education is practiced as an identity workspace, when reflective identity work is turned into a pedagogical strategy for entrepreneurial learning. I present empirical data from a qualitative fieldstudy in an eleven week mandatory...... and identities. Exposed to identity work practices in class, learners experienced conflicting demands participating as succesful students and participating as potential entrepreneurs. The study draws attention to how an education setting contextualises identity work as a social practice. It critisises...

Single-Band and Dual-Band Infrared Detectors

Science.gov (United States)

Ting, David Z. (Inventor); Gunapala, Sarath D. (Inventor); Soibel, Alexander (Inventor); Nguyen, Jean (Inventor); Khoshakhlagh, Arezou (Inventor)

2017-01-01

Bias-switchable dual-band infrared detectors and methods of manufacturing such detectors are provided. The infrared detectors are based on a back-to-back heterojunction diode design, where the detector structure consists of, sequentially, a top contact layer, a unipolar hole barrier layer, an absorber layer, a unipolar electron barrier, a second absorber, a second unipolar hole barrier, and a bottom contact layer. In addition, by substantially reducing the width of one of the absorber layers, a single-band infrared detector can also be formed.

BRANDING AND IDENTITY BUILDING FOR A SMALL COMPANY : Focused on Visual Identity

OpenAIRE

Näveri, Mattea

2015-01-01

The topic of this thesis is branding and identity of a small business, with a focus on visual identity. The major part of this thesis focuses on the research done on visual identity and the basic ideation of branding. The other half specifically focuses on the visual identity, the creation of a logo for the company, defining typography and colour and ephemera, and particularly, the company’s business card. The main goal was to execute a unique, individualized branding, which showcases...

Exploring medical identity theft.

Science.gov (United States)

Mancilla, Desla; Moczygemba, Jackie

2009-09-16

The crime of medical identity theft is a growing concern in healthcare institutions. A mixed-method study design including a two-stage electronic survey, telephone survey follow-up, and on-site observations was used to evaluate current practices in admitting and registration departments to reduce the occurrence of medical identity theft. Survey participants were chief compliance officers in acute healthcare organizations and members of the Health Care Compliance Association. Study results indicate variance in whether or how patient identity is confirmed in healthcare settings. The findings of this study suggest that information systems need to be designed for more efficient identity management. Admitting and registration staff must be trained, and compliance with medical identity theft policies and procedures must be monitored. Finally, biometric identity management solutions should be considered for stronger patient identification verification.

Media identities and media-influenced indentifications Visibility and identity recognition in the media

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Víctor Fco. Sampedro Blanco

2004-10-01

Full Text Available The media establish, in large part, the patterns of visibility and public recognition of collective identities. We define media identities as those that are the object of production and diffusion by the media. From this discourse, the communities and individuals elaborate media-influenced identifications; that is, processes of recognition or banishment; (rearticulating the identity markers that the media offer with other cognitive and emotional sources. The generation and appropriation of the identities are subjected to a media hierarchisation that influences their normalisation or marginalisation. The identities presented by the media and assumed by the audience as part of the official, hegemonic discourse are normalised, whereas the identities and identifications formulated in popular and minority terms are marginalised. After presenting this conceptual and analytical framework, this study attempts to outline the logics that condition the presentation, on the one hand, andthe public recognition, on the other hand, of contemporary identities.

Nuclear structure models: Applications and development. Progress report, May 1, 1993--June 30, 1994

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Semmes, P.B.

1994-06-01

This report summarizes the progress made during the period May 1, 1993 through June 30, 1994 on Grant No. DE-FG05-92ER40694. Our calculations of M1 transition rates within rotational bands of superdeformed nuclei have been extended to 2-quasiparticle states (mainly for odd-odd nuclei) in the A ∼ 190 region. Several bands are predicted with large B(MI) values and suggest that the MI properties can give information on details of occupied single particle orbitals, alignment of some high-N particles and the residual two-body interactions at extreme deformation. Detailed calculations and comparison with UNISOR data for the low energy, low spin structure of 187 Au have revealed two coexisting prolate structures built on the π[h 9/2 + f 7/2 ] configuration. This result was completely unexpected and presents strong challenges to our understanding of shape coexistence

Band 3 tyrosine kinase in avian erythrocyte plasma membrane is immunologically related to pp60c-src

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hillsgrove, D.; Shores, C.G.; Parker, J.C.; Maness, P.F.

1987-01-01

The authors have identified in the plasma membrane of the chicken erythrocyte a 60-kDa tyrosine-specific protein kinase immunologically related to the transforming protein pp60 v-src of Rous sarcoma virus. The erythrocyte protein kinase phosphorylated heavy chains of tumor-bearing rabbit (TBR) antibodies reactive with pp60 c-src at tyrosine in immune complex protein kinase assays. The kinase was identified as a 60-kDa protein by [ 35 S]methionine labeling of erythrocytes and by autophosphorylation in immune complexes. The kinase migrated on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis with an apparent pI and molecular mass similar to pp60 c-src . A plasma membrane-enriched fraction isolated from chicken red cells contained the majority of the kinase activity. Incubation of the plasma membrane fraction with [ 32 P]ATP resulted in tyrosine phosphorylation of the anion transport protein band 3. Band 3 phosphorylation was blocked by TBR antibodies, indicting that the kinase recognized by pp60 c-src antibodies was responsible for band 3 phosphorylation. These results demonstrate that the avian erythrocyte plasma membrane contains a tightly bound tyrosine-specific protein kinase identical or closely related to pp60 c-src and that this kinase is responsible for band 3 phosphorylation in vitro

Coming to an Asexual Identity: Negotiating Identity, Negotiating Desire.

Science.gov (United States)

Scherrer, Kristin S

2008-10-01

Sexuality is generally considered an important aspect of self-hood. Therefore, individuals who do not experience sexual attraction, and embrace an asexual identity are in a unique position to inform the social construction of sexuality. This study explores the experiences of asexual individuals utilizing open ended Internet survey data from 102 self-identified asexual people. In this paper I describe several distinct aspects of asexual identities: the meanings of sexual, and therefore, asexual behaviors, essentialist characterizations of asexuality, and lastly, interest in romance as a distinct dimension of sexuality. These findings have implications not only for asexual identities, but also for the connections of asexuality with other marginalized sexualities.

The crooked timber of identity: Integrating discursive, critical, and psychosocial analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Kaposi, David

2013-06-01

This paper seeks to contribute to the growing band of constructionist approaches within the field of identity studies (Wetherell & Moharty, 2010). First, it will review the developments that have taken place since the emergence of these approaches in the 1980s, identifying a state of fragmentation into local discursive, political-moral, and psychosocial levels of analysis. Second, and in order to challenge this fragmentation, it will present a rhetorical psychological (Billig, 1987, 1999a) analysis of the classic exchange of public letters between Israeli historian of Judaism Gershom Scholem and American political theorist Hannah Arendt in the wake of the latter's book Eichmann in Jerusalem (Arendt, 1994a). The analysis will proceed from local discursive action, through political-moral frameworks, to the nature of the writers' investment in these constructions. It will show that while the participants' implicitly occasioning of extreme identity categories (such as the 'Jewish anti-Semite' and the totalitarian-style religious Zionist ideologue) is a function of apparently incommensurable political-moral discourses, the nature of investment into such constructions may be understood in a mutual commitment to the absolute inalienability of Jewishness. Third, therefore, the paper will conclude that, rather than constituting separate 'levels', local discursive action, political-moral intelligibilities, and psychosocial qualities are mutually constitutive of each other. It is only through recognizing their inter-dependent nature that the complexity of identity may properly be addressed. ©2011 The British Psychological Society.

Band structure of ABC-trilayer graphene superlattice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Uddin, Salah; Chan, K. S.

2014-01-01

We investigate the effect of one-dimensional periodic potentials on the low energy band structure of ABC trilayer graphene first by assuming that all the three layers have the same potential. Extra Dirac points having the same electron hole crossing energy as that of the original Dirac point are generated by superlattice potentials with equal well and barrier widths. When the potential height is increased, the numbers of extra Dirac points are increased. The dispersions around the Dirac points are not isotropic. It is noted that the dispersion along the k y direction for k x  = 0 oscillates between a non-linear dispersion and a linear dispersion when the potential height is increased. When the well and barrier widths are not identical, the symmetry of the conduction and valence bands is broken. The extra Dirac points are shifted either upward or downward depending on the barrier and well widths from the zero energy, while the position of the central Dirac point oscillates with the superlattice potential height. By considering different potentials for different layers, extra Dirac points are generated not from the original Dirac points but from the valleys formed in the energy spectrum. Two extra Dirac points appear from each pair of touched valleys, so four Dirac points appeared in the spectrum at particular barrier height. By increasing the barrier height of superlattice potential two Dirac points merge into the original Dirac point. This emerging and merging of extra Dirac points is different from the equal potential case

Very extended shpaes in the A ∼ 150 mass region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chasman, R.R.

1995-01-01

There was a report of a rotational band in 152 Dy or 153 Dy that is characterized by a dynamic moment of inertia of 130h 2 MeV -1 . For purposes of orientation, it should be noted that the well known superdeformed bands in this region are characterized by moments of inertia of ∼90. Some calculations were carried out in two- and three-dimensional shape spaces, in order to understand this experimental observation. These calculations show either very shallow minima and/or minima that do not become yrast below I = 90 at the very large deformations that would seem to be required to explain such a large moment of inertia. We extended our four-dimensional deformation space Strutinsky calculations to a study of this mass region, with the hope of gaining some insight into the nature of this band. We are also analyzing the other nuclides of this mass region with the hope of finding other instances of such very extended shapes. This analysis is almost complete

Band Edge Dynamics and Multiexciton Generation in Narrow Band Gap HgTe Nanocrystals.

Science.gov (United States)

Livache, Clément; Goubet, Nicolas; Martinez, Bertille; Jagtap, Amardeep; Qu, Junling; Ithurria, Sandrine; Silly, Mathieu G; Dubertret, Benoit; Lhuillier, Emmanuel

2018-04-11

Mercury chalcogenide nanocrystals and especially HgTe appear as an interesting platform for the design of low cost mid-infrared (mid-IR) detectors. Nevertheless, their electronic structure and transport properties remain poorly understood, and some critical aspects such as the carrier relaxation dynamics at the band edge have been pushed under the rug. Some of the previous reports on dynamics are setup-limited, and all of them have been obtained using photon energy far above the band edge. These observations raise two main questions: (i) what are the carrier dynamics at the band edge and (ii) should we expect some additional effect (multiexciton generation (MEG)) as such narrow band gap materials are excited far above the band edge? To answer these questions, we developed a high-bandwidth setup that allows us to understand and compare the carrier dynamics resonantly pumped at the band edge in the mid-IR and far above the band edge. We demonstrate that fast (>50 MHz) photoresponse can be obtained even in the mid-IR and that MEG is occurring in HgTe nanocrystal arrays with a threshold around 3 times the band edge energy. Furthermore, the photoresponse can be effectively tuned in magnitude and sign using a phototransistor configuration.

Identity Support, Identity Devaluation, and Well-Being among Lesbians

Science.gov (United States)

Beals, Kristin P.; Peplau, Letitia Anne

2005-01-01

This research tested predictions about the association of identity support and identity devaluation with psychological well-being (self-esteem, life satisfaction, and depression). Lesbian women completed baseline surveys (N=42), then provided daily experience reports during a 2-week period (n=38), and completed a 2-month follow-up survey (n=34).…

Racial Identity Attitudes and Ego Identity Statuses in Dominican and Puerto Rican College Students

Science.gov (United States)

Sanchez, Delida

2013-01-01

This study explored the relation between racial identity attitudes and ego identity statuses in 94 Dominican and Puerto Rican Latino college students in an urban public college setting. Simultaneous regression analyses were conducted to test the relation between racial identity attitudes and ego identity statuses, and findings indicated that…

Bridging Identities

Science.gov (United States)

Deaux, Kay; Burke, Peter

2010-01-01

Sociology and psychology are no strangers in the theoretical world of self and identity. Early works by William James (1890), a psychologist, and George Herbert Mead (1934), a sociologist, are often taken as a starting point by investigators in both fields. In more recent years, with the development of a number of identity theories in both fields,…

Components of Sexual Identity

Science.gov (United States)

Shively, Michael G.; DeCecco, John P.

1977-01-01

This paper examines the four components of sexual identity: biological sex, gender identity, social sex-role, and sexual orientation. Theories about the development of each component and how they combine and conflict to form the individual's sexual identity are discussed. (Author)

Korean Adoptee Identity: Adoptive and Ethnic Identity Profiles of Adopted Korean Americans

Science.gov (United States)

Beaupre, Adam J.; Reichwald, Reed; Zhou, Xiang; Raleigh, Elizabeth; Lee, Richard M.

2015-01-01

Adopted Korean adolescents face the task of grappling with their identity as Koreans and coming to terms with their adoptive status. In order to explore these dual identities, the authors conducted a person-centered study of the identity profiles of 189 adopted Korean American adolescents. Using cluster analytic procedures, the study examined…

Noise exposure in marching bands

Science.gov (United States)

Keefe, Joseph

2005-09-01

Previous studies involving orchestras have shown that music ensembles can produce hazardous noise levels. There are no similar data for marching bands and pep bands. In order to evaluate the noise levels produced by marching and pep bands, 1/3-octave-band sound-pressure levels were measured while these groups rehearsed and performed. Data were collected while marching with the bands to ensure a realistic environment. Comparing these data to OSHA and NIOSH criteria, marching and pep band exposures often exceed safe values. For typical exposures, OSHA doses range from 11% to 295%, while NIOSH doses range from 35% to 3055%. Exposures that would be considered hazardous in the workplace are common in marching and pep bands; students and band directors should take steps to recognize the risk posed by various instruments and various locations, and should implement hearing conservation efforts.

Regional Commonalities and Regional Identities: Forging a Normative Understanding of Southeast Asian Identity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gürol Baba

2016-01-01

Full Text Available In the last two decades, most of the IR academia’s attention on Southeast Asian regionalism utilised constructivism and/or realism and has focused on ASEAN and its derivatives. This article aims to skew this angle by elaborating a possible relationship between Asian values and a normative understanding of Southeast Asian identity. The major reason for this article’s focus on a normative interpretation is that a practical application of Southeast Asian identity is not very achievable due to various ethnic, cultural, political, territorial, and historical diversities. While the region is diverse, there are also a number of commonalities among its states. Asian values, from a Confucian perspective, account for some of these commonalities. By using constructivists’ claims on both the links between norms and identity and the dynamic interaction between values and norms, this article argues that Asian values could contribute to the development of Amitav Acharya’s widely cited normative/ideational format of Southeast Asian identity. The article takes ASEAN identity as a case study and aims to show why a normative identity is more achievable than a practical identity among Southeast Asians, and how Asian values might contribute to the creation of this shared identity.

B(M1) values in the band-crossing of shears bands in 197Pb

Science.gov (United States)

Krücken, R.; Cooper, J. R.; Beausang, C. W.; Novak, J. R.; Dewald, A.; Klug, T.; Kemper, G.; von Brentano, P.; Carpenter, M.; Wiedenhöver, I.

We present details of the band crossing mechanism of shears bands using the example of 197Pb. Absolute reduced matrix elements B(M1) were determined by means of a RDM lifetime measurement in one of the shears bands in 197Pb. The experiment was performed using the New Yale Plunger Device (NYPD) in conjunction with the Gammasphere array. Band mixing calculations on the basis of the semi-classical model of the shears mechanism are used to describe the transition matrix elements B(M1) and energies throughout the band-crossing regions. Good agreement with the data was obtained and the detailed composition of the states in the shears band are discussed.

All-mechanical quantum noise cancellation for accelerometry: broadband with momentum measurements, narrow band without

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jacobs, Kurt; Balu, Radhakrishnan; Tezak, Nikolas; Mabuchi, Hideo

2016-01-01

We show that the ability to make direct measurements of momentum, in addition to the usual direct measurements of position, allows a simple configuration of two identical mechanical oscillators to be used for broadband back-action-free force metrology. This would eliminate the need for an optical reference oscillator in the scheme of Tsang and Caves (2010 Phys. Rev. Lett.  105 123601), along with its associated disadvantages. We also show that if one is restricted to position measurements alone then two copies of the same two-oscillator configuration can be used for narrow-band back-action-free force metrology. (paper)

Precipitation Estimation Using L-Band and C-Band Soil Moisture Retrievals

Science.gov (United States)

Koster, Randal D.; Brocca, Luca; Crow, Wade T.; Burgin, Mariko S.; De Lannoy, Gabrielle J. M.

2016-01-01

An established methodology for estimating precipitation amounts from satellite-based soil moisture retrievals is applied to L-band products from the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) and Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite missions and to a C-band product from the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) mission. The precipitation estimates so obtained are evaluated against in situ (gauge-based) precipitation observations from across the globe. The precipitation estimation skill achieved using the L-band SMAP and SMOS data sets is higher than that obtained with the C-band product, as might be expected given that L-band is sensitive to a thicker layer of soil and thereby provides more information on the response of soil moisture to precipitation. The square of the correlation coefficient between the SMAP-based precipitation estimates and the observations (for aggregations to approximately100 km and 5 days) is on average about 0.6 in areas of high rain gauge density. Satellite missions specifically designed to monitor soil moisture thus do provide significant information on precipitation variability, information that could contribute to efforts in global precipitation estimation.

Revisiting the coupled-mass system and analogy with a simple band gap structure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Levesque, L

2006-01-01

A great deal of insight can be gained from the analysis of coupled masses connected to springs in order to understand better the origin of band gaps in physical systems. The approach is based on the application of the superposition principle for finding the general solution in simple mechanical systems involving functions, which vary periodically with time. Graphs show that sums of periodic functions oscillating at different frequencies lead to an exchange of energy from one oscillator to another in a simple mechanical system of three objects connected by identical springs. A system of a large number of masses connected to springs having the same spring constant K is then considered and compared with a system in which the spring constants alternate from K to another value G when connecting one mass to another. Using the results found from the mechanical systems, an analogy of charge oscillations excited on both uniform and corrugated surfaces is presented. The results obtained attempt to expand understanding of the origin of the band gap occurring in some systems involving periodic motions

Social Identity Change: Shifts in Social Identity during Adolescence

Science.gov (United States)

Tanti, Chris; Stukas, Arthur A.; Halloran, Michael J.; Foddy, Margaret

2011-01-01

This study investigated the proposition that adolescence involves significant shifts in social identity as a function of changes in social context and cognitive style. Using an experimental design, we primed either peer or gender identity with a sample of 380 early- (12-13 years), mid- (15-16 years), and late-adolescents (18-20 years) and then…

Inter-identity autobiographical amnesia in patients with dissociative identity disorder.

Science.gov (United States)

Huntjens, Rafaële J C; Verschuere, Bruno; McNally, Richard J

2012-01-01

A major symptom of Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID; formerly Multiple Personality Disorder) is dissociative amnesia, the inability to recall important personal information. Only two case studies have directly addressed autobiographical memory in DID. Both provided evidence suggestive of dissociative amnesia. The aim of the current study was to objectively assess transfer of autobiographical information between identities in a larger sample of DID patients. Using a concealed information task, we assessed recognition of autobiographical details in an amnesic identity. Eleven DID patients, 27 normal controls, and 23 controls simulating DID participated. Controls and simulators were matched to patients on age, education level, and type of autobiographical memory tested. Although patients subjectively reported amnesia for the autobiographical details included in the task, the results indicated transfer of information between identities. The results call for a revision of the DID definition. The amnesia criterion should be modified to emphasize its subjective nature.

Collective Endeavors to Address Institutional Contradiction between Gender Identity and Occupational Identity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Villeseche, Florence

or leaders and their social identity as women. Accordingly, I here seek to answer the following question: what dilemmas arise from the collective institutional work performed by actors facing institutional contradiction between their occupational and gender identity, and how are those dilemmas addressed? I......Women’s presence in the labor market is one of the major institutional changes of the past century. However, in particular at higher hierarchical levels, gender equality still remains a distant objective. The ideal-type of the worker, manager or leader is this largely a masculine one, thus...... associating the related occupational identity to a masculine gender social identity. Thus, it can be argued that women in organizations can face an “institutional contradiction” between their occupation and their gender – i.e a perceived discordancy between their social occupational identity as managers...

Being Tolerant about Identity?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van Rooij, R.; Gutzmann, D.; Köpping, J.; Meier, C.

2014-01-01

Identity and identification are very important concepts in philosophy and logic. They are crucial for the analysis of quantification and for counting. According to some philosophers, many examples that are supposed to show that identity is contingent, in fact show that the notion of identity is

Post-colonial identity in Greenland?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gad, Ulrik Pram

2009-01-01

could be furthered by bringing politics back in. Based on a discourse analysis of the Greenlandic debate on language, this paper makes three claims: First, the identity projects promoted in Greenland are based on an essentialist conception of identity. Secondly, Greenlandic identity discourse combines......In the gradual unravelling of Greenland’s colonial relationship to Denmark, an essentialist conceptualization of Greenlandic identity has played a significant role. However, both our scholarly understanding of post-colonial Greenlandic identity and the process towards independence for Greenland...... elements of traditional Inuit culture and elements of colonial modernity. Thirdly, monolingual Greenlanders are those with the most to gain from abandoning the dichotomy of essentialist identities. Strategically, the paper suggests a post-post-colonial Greenlandic identity as a means of avoiding...

On the fundamentals of identity

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van der Gaag, Mandy

Various new perspectives on identity have been introduced or have increased in popularity over the past two decades. These include identity as dynamic system (Kunnen & Bosma, 2001), a narrative approach to identity (McAdams, 2001), multi-dimensional models of identity formation (Luyckx et al., 2006;

ISM band to U-NII band frequency transverter and method of frequency transversion

Science.gov (United States)

Stepp, Jeffrey David [Grandview, MO; Hensley, Dale [Grandview, MO

2006-09-12

A frequency transverter (10) and method for enabling bi-frequency dual-directional transfer of digitally encoded data on an RF carrier by translating between a crowded or otherwise undesirable first frequency band, such as the 2.4 GHz ISM band, and a less-crowded or otherwise desirable second frequency band, such as the 5.0 GHz 6.0 GHz U-NII band. In a preferred embodiment, the transverter (10) connects between an existing data radio (11) and its existing antenna (30), and comprises a bandswitch (12); an input RF isolating device (14); a transmuter (16); a converter (18); a dual output local oscillator (20); an output RF isolating device (22); and an antenna (24) tuned to the second frequency band. The bandswitch (12) allows for bypassing the transverter (10), thereby facilitating its use with legacy systems. The transmuter (14) and converter (16) are adapted to convert to and from, respectively, the second frequency band.

Wideband or Dual-Band Low-Profile Circular Patch Antenna with High Gain and Sidelobe Suppression

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Squadrito, Paolo; Zhang, Shuai; Pedersen, Gert F.

2018-01-01

This paper presents a wideband or dual-band circular disk antenna with high gain and sidelobe suppression (SLS). The antenna has a single layer and single-fed configuration. The antenna can operate with the radiation field superposition of TM12 and TM14 modes at one frequency, which provides high...... gain and SLS. A circle of 10 shorting vias with non-identical diameters are loaded inside the antenna cavity in order to excite the field superposition of TM11 and TM13 modes at another frequency. By modifying the radius of the vias, the resonant frequency with the TM11 and TM13 superposition can...... be tuned closer to or further away from the one with the TM12 and TM14 superposition. In this way, a wideband or dual-band behavior can be obtained with high gain and SLS. The proposed antenna achieves the impedance bandwidth of 6.46% for the wideband case, which is over 6 times wider than the previous...

Personal Identity in Enhancement

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jana Podroužková

2015-09-01

Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to introduce the concept of human enhancement, its methods and its relation to personal identity. Also several approaches to personal identity will be described. Transhumanism is a special think tank supporting human enhancement through modern technologies and some of its representatives claim, that even great changes to human organisms will not affect their personal identity. I will briefly describe the most important means of human enhancment and consider the problem of personal identity for each of them separately.

Known and Unknown Identity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Henze-Pedersen, Sofie

This qualitative study investigates the relationship between openness and identity among 18 adoptees. Many studies have argued that a high degree of openness is important for the identity formation of adoptees. However, few studies have explored this relationship. Two types of openness...... (biographical knowledge and communicative openness) are used to categorise the empirical material, making it possible to illuminate how different types of openness influence identity. The findings suggest that there is no direct link between a high degree of openness and positive identity formation. Instead...

Responses to professional identity threat: Identity management strategies in incident narratives of health care professionals.

Science.gov (United States)

van Os, Annemiek; de Gilder, Dick; van Dyck, Cathy; Groenewegen, Peter

2015-01-01

The purpose of this paper is to explore sensemaking of incidents by health care professionals through an analysis of the role of professional identity in narratives of incidents. Using insights from social identity theory, the authors argue that incidents may create a threat of professional identity, and that professionals make use of identity management strategies in response to this identity threat. The paper draws on a qualitative analysis of incident narratives in 14 semi-structured interviews with physicians, nurses, and residents at a Dutch specialist hospital. The authors used an existing framework of identity management strategies to categorize the narratives. The analysis yielded two main results. First, nurses and residents employed multiple types of identity management strategies simultaneously, which points to the possible benefit of combining different strategies. Second, physicians used the strategy of patronization of other professional groups, a specific form of downward comparison. The authors discuss the implications of the findings in terms of the impact of identity management strategies on the perpetuation of hierarchical differences in health care. The authors argue that efforts to manage incident handling may profit from considering social identity processes in sensemaking of incidents. This is the first study that systematically explores how health care professionals use identity management strategies to maintain a positive professional identity in the face of incidents. This study contributes to research on interdisciplinary cooperation in health care.

Design of a side-band-separating heterodyne mixer for band 9 of ALMA

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Baryshev, AM; Kooi, J; Mena, FR; Lodewijk, CRJ; Wild, W

2005-01-01

A side-band-separating (SBS) heterodyne mixer has been designed for the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) 602-720 GHz band, as it will present a great improvement over the current double-side-band configuration under development at the moment. Here we present design details and the results of

Linguistic identity matching

CERN Document Server

Lisbach, Bertrand

2013-01-01

Regulation, risk awareness and technological advances are increasingly drawing identity search functionality into business, security and data management processes, as well as fraud investigations and counter-terrorist measures.Over the years, a number of techniques have been developed for searching identity data, traditionally focusing on logical algorithms. These techniques often failed to take into account the complexities of language and culture that provide the rich variations  seen in names used around the world. A new paradigm has now emerged for understanding the way that identity data

Exploring the identity and "sense of identity" of organisations

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C L Van Tonder

2006-04-01

Full Text Available During the past two decades a steady increase in scholarly contributions in the area of organisation identity have been observed – to the point that the phenomenon is now the subject of a sustainable discourse in several disciplines. Many theoretical and conceptual dilemmas however remain, largely as a result of the low incidence of empirical research in the area. This study reports the results of an exploratory investigation that adapted Schley and Wagenfield’s (1979 concept of identity for use in an organisational setting. Interviews were conducted with 152 top managers representing 10 companies. The results indicate that organisational responses to the question “who am I?�? elicit distinctive organisational self-descriptions and some awareness of identity issues.

Inter-Identity Autobiographical Amnesia in Patients with Dissociative Identity Disorder

Science.gov (United States)

Huntjens, Rafaële J. C.; Verschuere, Bruno; McNally, Richard J.

2012-01-01

Background A major symptom of Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID; formerly Multiple Personality Disorder) is dissociative amnesia, the inability to recall important personal information. Only two case studies have directly addressed autobiographical memory in DID. Both provided evidence suggestive of dissociative amnesia. The aim of the current study was to objectively assess transfer of autobiographical information between identities in a larger sample of DID patients. Methods Using a concealed information task, we assessed recognition of autobiographical details in an amnesic identity. Eleven DID patients, 27 normal controls, and 23 controls simulating DID participated. Controls and simulators were matched to patients on age, education level, and type of autobiographical memory tested. Findings Although patients subjectively reported amnesia for the autobiographical details included in the task, the results indicated transfer of information between identities. Conclusion The results call for a revision of the DID definition. The amnesia criterion should be modified to emphasize its subjective nature. PMID:22815769

Inter-identity autobiographical amnesia in patients with dissociative identity disorder.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rafaële J C Huntjens

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: A major symptom of Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID; formerly Multiple Personality Disorder is dissociative amnesia, the inability to recall important personal information. Only two case studies have directly addressed autobiographical memory in DID. Both provided evidence suggestive of dissociative amnesia. The aim of the current study was to objectively assess transfer of autobiographical information between identities in a larger sample of DID patients. METHODS: Using a concealed information task, we assessed recognition of autobiographical details in an amnesic identity. Eleven DID patients, 27 normal controls, and 23 controls simulating DID participated. Controls and simulators were matched to patients on age, education level, and type of autobiographical memory tested. FINDINGS: Although patients subjectively reported amnesia for the autobiographical details included in the task, the results indicated transfer of information between identities. CONCLUSION: The results call for a revision of the DID definition. The amnesia criterion should be modified to emphasize its subjective nature.

Collapse and revival in inter-band oscillations of a two-band Bose-Hubbard model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ploetz, Patrick; Wimberger, Sandro [Institut fuer Theoretische Physik, Universitaet Heidelberg, Philosophenweg 19, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany); Madronero, Javier, E-mail: ploetz@thphys.uni-heidelberg.d [Physik Department, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching (Germany)

2010-04-28

We study the effect of a many-body interaction on inter-band oscillations in a two-band Bose-Hubbard model with an external Stark force. Weak and strong inter-band oscillations are observed, where the latter arise from a resonant coupling of the bands. These oscillations collapse and revive due to a weak two-body interaction between the atoms. Effective models for oscillations in and out of resonance are introduced that provide predictions for the system's behaviour, particularly for the time scales for the collapse and revival of the resonant inter-band oscillations. (fast track communication)

Side-band-separating heterodyne mixer for band 9 of ALMA.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Mena, F. P.; Baryshev, A. M.; Kooi, J.; Lodewijk, C. F. J.; Gerlofsma, G.; Hesper, R.; Wild, W.; Shen, XC; Lu, W; Zhang, J; Dou, WB

2006-01-01

Here we present the realization of a side-band-separating (2SB) heterodyne mixer for the frequency range from 602 to 720 GHz (corresponding to ALMA band 9). The mixer, in brief, consists of a quadrature hybrid, two LO injectors, two SIS junctions, and three dumping loads. All the parts were modeled

“Nothing Better or Worse than Being Black, Gay, and in the Band”: A Qualitative Examination of Gay Undergraduates Participating in Historically Black College or University Marching Bands

Science.gov (United States)

Carter, Bruce Allen

2013-01-01

This collective case study examined the experiences of four African American gay band students attending historically Black colleges or universities (HCBUs) in the southern United States. This study explored influences that shaped the participants' identities as they negotiated numerous complex sociocultural discourses pervasive and challenging to…

7 CFR 52.771 - Identity.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Identity. 52.771 Section 52.771 Agriculture... United States Standards for Grades of Canned Red Tart Pitted Cherries 1 Identity and Grades § 52.771 Identity. Canned red tart pitted cherries is the product represented as defined in the standard of identity...

Identity and the Management Project

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jørgensen, Kenneth Mølbjerg; Dehlin, Erlend

The paper discusses the concept of identity in relation to management. We take our starting point in Wittgenstein’s concept language games. We argue that identity is a question of using linguistic tools to construct reality. Two elements of the language game metaphor are central here: rules...... and family resemblance. As such, managing identity in organizations is closely linked to rules and family resemblance. Organizations manage identity through the definition of norms and values for right or wrong, appropriate or inappropriate, to name but a few. Norms and values are important as reference...... points for constructing identities. Managing identity has become more important because the rules-of-the-game have become more unstable. Managing identity is important if the bonds between individuals and organizations are to be sustained. But this task is contradictory and paradoxical of its very nature...

Identity style and coping strategies.

Science.gov (United States)

Berzonsky, M D

1992-12-01

This study examined the relationship between identity style and strategies used to cope with stressors that potentially threaten one's sense of identity. Identity style refers to differences in the way individuals construct and revise or maintain their sense of identity. An informational style involves actively seeking out, evaluating, and utilizing self-relevant information. A normative style highlights the expectations and standards of significant others. A diffuse/avoidant style is characterized by procrastination and situation-specific reactions. Late-adolescent college subjects were administered measures of identity style, ways of coping with academic stressors, and test anxiety. Within this self-as-student context, subjects with diffuse and normative identity styles employed avoidant-oriented coping strategies (wishful thinking, distancing, and tension reduction). An informational style was associated with deliberate, problem-focused coping. Findings are discussed in terms of a process model of identity development.

Tools for Understanding Identity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Creese, Sadie; Gibson-Robinson, Thomas; Goldsmith, Michael; Hodges, Duncan; Kim, Dee DH; Love, Oriana J.; Nurse, Jason R.; Pike, William A.; Scholtz, Jean

2013-12-28

Identity attribution and enrichment is critical to many aspects of law-enforcement and intelligence gathering; this identity typically spans a number of domains in the natural-world such as biographic information (factual information – e.g. names, addresses), biometric information (e.g. fingerprints) and psychological information. In addition to these natural-world projections of identity, identity elements are projected in the cyber-world. Conversely, undesirable elements may use similar techniques to target individuals for spear-phishing attacks (or worse), and potential targets or their organizations may want to determine how to minimize the attack surface exposed. Our research has been exploring the construction of a mathematical model for identity that supports such holistic identities. The model captures the ways in which an identity is constructed through a combination of data elements (e.g. a username on a forum, an address, a telephone number). Some of these elements may allow new characteristics to be inferred, hence enriching the holistic view of the identity. An example use-case would be the inference of real names from usernames, the ‘path’ created by inferring new elements of identity is highlighted in the ‘critical information’ panel. Individual attribution exercises can be understood as paths through a number of elements. Intuitively the entire realizable ‘capability’ can be modeled as a directed graph, where the elements are nodes and the inferences are represented by links connecting one or more antecedents with a conclusion. The model can be operationalized with two levels of tool support described in this paper, the first is a working prototype, the second is expected to reach prototype by July 2013: Understanding the Model The tool allows a user to easily determine, given a particular set of inferences and attributes, which elements or inferences are of most value to an investigator (or an attacker). The tool is also able to take

Perceived consequences of hypothetical identity-inconsistent sexual experiences: effects of perceiver's sex and sexual identity.

Science.gov (United States)

Preciado, Mariana A; Johnson, Kerri L

2014-04-01

Most people organize their sexual orientation under a single sexual identity label. However, people may have sexual experiences that are inconsistent with their categorical sexual identity label. A man might identify as heterosexual but still experience some attraction to men; a woman might identify as lesbian yet enter into a romantic relationship with a man. Identity-inconsistent experiences are likely to have consequences. In the present study, we examined lay perceptions of the consequences of identity-inconsistent sexual experiences for self-perceived sexuality and for social relationships among a sexually diverse sample (N = 283). We found that the perceived consequences of identity-inconsistent experiences for self-perception, for social stigmatization, and for social relationships varied as a function of participant sex, participant sexual identity (heterosexual, gay, lesbian), and experience type (fantasy, attraction, behavior, love). We conclude that not all identity-inconsistent sexual experiences are perceived as equally consequential and that the perceived consequences of such experiences vary predictably as a function of perceiver sex and sexual identity. We discuss the role lay perceptions of the consequences of identity-inconsistent sexual experiences may play in guiding attitudes and behavior.

The change of expression configuration affects identity-dependent expression aftereffect but not identity-independent expression aftereffect

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miao eSong

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The present study examined the influence of expression configuration on cross-identity expression aftereffect. The expression configuration refers to the spatial arrangement of facial features in a face for conveying an emotion, e.g., an open-mouth smile versus a closed-mouth smile. In the first of two experiments, the expression aftereffect is measured using across-identity/cross-expression configuration factorial design. The facial identities of test faces were the same or different from the adaptor, while orthogonally, the expression configurations of those facial identities were also the same or different. The result shows that the change of expression configuration impaired the expression aftereffect when the facial identities of adaptor and tests were the same; however, the impairment effect disappears when facial identities were different, indicating the identity-independent expression representation is more robust to the change of the expression configuration in comparison with the identity-dependent expression representation. In the second experiment, we used schematic line faces as adaptors and real faces as tests to minimize the similarity between the adaptor and tests, which is expected to exclude the contribution from the identity-dependent expression representation to expression aftereffect. The second experiment yields a similar result as the identity-independent expression aftereffect observed in Experiment 1. The findings indicate the different neural sensitivities to expression configuration for identity-dependent and identity-independent expression systems.

The DSS-14 C-band exciter

Science.gov (United States)

Rowan, D. R.

1989-01-01

The development and implementation of a C-band exciter for use with the Block IV Receiver-Exciter Subsystem at Deep Space Station 14 (DSS-14) has been completed. The exciter supplements the standard capabilities of the Block IV system by providing a drive signal for the C-band transmitter while generating coherent translation frequencies for C-band (5-GHz) to S-band (2.2- to 2.3-GHz) Doppler extraction, C-band to L-band (1.6-GHz) zero delay measurements, and a level calibrated L-band test signal. Exciter functions are described, and a general explanation and description of the C-band uplink controller is presented.

Negotiation of identities in intercultural communication

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Janík Zdeněk

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Negotiation of identities in communication entails affirming the identities we want others to recognize in us and ascription of identities we mutually assign to each other in communication. The study of intercultural communication focuses on cultural identity as the principal identity component that defines intercultural communication. In this article, the assumption that cultural group membership factors determine the context of intercultural communication is questioned. The article examines how intercultural interlocutors negotiate their identities in various intercultural interactions. The aims of the research presented in this paper are: 1 to examine which identities - cultural, personal, or social - intercultural interlocutors activate in intercultural communication; 2 to determine whether interlocutors’ intercultural communication is largely influenced by their cultural identities; 3 and to identify situations in which they activate their cultural identities (3. The research data were collected from 263 international students studying at Masaryk University in Brno in the years 2010 - 2016. Although the research results are not conclusive, they indicate that cultural identities predominate in the students’ ethnocentric views and that stereotypes constrain the students’ cultural identities and affect the negotiation of identities in intercultural communication.

Transport in bilayer and trilayer graphene: band gap engineering and band structure tuning

Science.gov (United States)

Zhu, Jun

2014-03-01

Controlling the stacking order of atomically thin 2D materials offers a powerful tool to control their properties. Linearly dispersed bands become hyperbolic in Bernal (AB) stacked bilayer graphene (BLG). Both Bernal (ABA) and rhombohedral (ABC) stacking occur in trilayer graphene (TLG), producing distinct band structures and electronic properties. A symmetry-breaking electric field perpendicular to the sample plane can further modify the band structures of BLG and TLG. In this talk, I will describe our experimental effort in these directions using dual-gated devices. Using thin HfO2 film deposited by ALD as gate dielectric, we are able to apply large displacement fields D > 6 V/nm and observe the opening and saturation of the field-induced band gap Eg in bilayer and ABC-stacked trilayer graphene, where the conduction in the mid gap changes by more than six decades. Its field and temperature dependence highlights the crucial role played by Coulomb disorder in facilitating hopping conduction and suppressing the effect of Eg in the tens of meV regime. In contrast, mid-gap conduction decreases with increasing D much more rapidly in clean h-BN dual-gated devices. Our studies also show the evolution of the band structure in ABA-stacked TLG, in particular the splitting of the Dirac-like bands in large D field and the signatures of two-band transport at high carrier densities. Comparison to theory reveals the need for more sophisticated treatment of electronic screening beyond self-consistent Hartree calculations to accurately predict the band structures of trilayer graphene and graphenic materials in general.

Advances in X-Band and S-Band Linear Accelerators for Security, NDT, and Other Applications

CERN Document Server

Mishin, Andrey V

2005-01-01

At AS&E High Energy Systems Division, we designed several new advanced high energy electron beam and X-ray sources. Our primary focus has always been in building the world's most portable commercial X-band accelerators. Today, our X-band systems frequently exceed performance of the similar S-band machines, while they are more portable compared to the latter. The new designs of the X-band accelerators in the most practical energy range from 1 MeV to 6 MeV have been tested delivering outstanding results. Seventy 6 MeV X-band linacs systems have been produced. The most compact linac for security is used by AS&E in a self-shielded, Shaped Energy™ cargo screening system. We pioneered using the X-band linear accelerators for CT, producing high quality images of oil pipes and wood logs. An X-band linear accelerator head on a robotic arm has been used for electron beam radiation curing of an odd-shaped graphite composite part. We developed the broad-range 4 MeV to over 10 MeV energy-regulated X-band ...

Identification of Nilsson orbitals in the superdeformed minimum of 237Pu

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morgan, Thomas James

2008-01-01

In this thesis, a spectroscopy experiment in the second minimum of the double humped fission barrier of 237 Pu is presented, in which, for the first time, single - particle states for a neutron - rich shape isomer with odd neutron number were identified and characterised by their Nilsson quantum numbers. While rotational ( 236f U and 240f Pu) and vibrational excitations ( 240f Pu) had already been identified earlier in the even-even neighbouring nuclei, now the fission isomers in 237 Pu (t 1/2 =115 ns/1.12 μs) were investigated in a γ-spectroscopy experiment at the Cologne Tandem accelerator. Using the 235 U(α,2n) reaction with a pulsed R beam, states in the second minimum were populated. Following the prompt decay of excited states into the ground states of the two shape isomers, the nucleus decays with its halflife, the resulting fission fragments were detected in a specially built 4π parallel plate detector. The extremely rare isomeric γ decays were measured in coincidence with the fission fragments using the highly efficient MINIBALL spectrometer. The background-subtracted γ-ray spectrum was disentangled into contributions from the two shape isomers and 9 excited rotational bands were identified built on the ground states of the two isomers. The ground state spins of the two shape isomers were determined to be I=5/2 (115 ns isomer) and I=9/2 (1120 ns isomer). From the 149 identified γ transitions, independent level schemes were constructed for the two fission isomers in 237 Pu. The consistency of these level schemes was supported by the connecting γ transitions between rotational bands. Furthermore, both level schemes could be combined to a common level scheme, in which the ground state of the long-lived 9/2 isomer was placed 54.0(3) keV above the ground state of the short-lived 5/2 isomer. The resulting level scheme was compared to Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov single-particle calculations, Nilsson model and Woods-Saxon potential calculations. This

Online Identities and Social Networking

Science.gov (United States)

Maheswaran, Muthucumaru; Ali, Bader; Ozguven, Hatice; Lord, Julien

Online identities play a critical role in the social web that is taking shape on the Internet. Despite many technical proposals for creating and managing online identities, none has received widespread acceptance. Design and implementation of online identities that are socially acceptable on the Internet remains an open problem. This chapter discusses the interplay between online identities and social networking. Online social networks (OSNs) are growing at a rapid pace and has millions of members in them. While the recent trend is to create explicit OSNs such as Facebook and MySpace, we also have implicit OSNs such as interaction graphs created by email and instant messaging services. Explicit OSNs allow users to create profiles and use them to project their identities on the web. There are many interesting identity related issues in the context of social networking including how OSNs help and hinder the definition of online identities.

Personal Identity Online

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rodogno, Raffaele

2012-01-01

Philosophers concerned with the question of personal identity have typically been asking the so-called re-identification question: what are the conditions under which a person at one point in time is properly re-identified at another point in time? This is a rather technical question. In our...... everyday interactions, however, we do raise a number of personal identity questions that are quite distinct from it. In order to explore the variety of ways in which the Internet may affect personal identity, I propose in this study to broaden the typical philosophical horizon to other more mundane senses...... of the question. In Section 2, I describe a number of possible meanings of personal identity observed in everyday contexts and more philosophical ones. With some caveats, I argue that it is the specific context in which the question arises that disambiguates the meaning of the question. Online contexts are novel...

Researcher Identity in Transition

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Castelló, Montserrat; Kobayashi, Sofie; McGinn, Michelle K.

2015-01-01

to reinterpretation, and ECRs need to attend to new or reimagined signals in their efforts to develop a researcher identity in this current context. In this article, we present a comprehensive framework for researcher identity in relation to the ways ECRs recognise and respond to divergent signals across spheres...... of activity. We illustrate this framework through eight identity stories drawn from our earlier research projects. Each identity story highlights the congruence (or lack of congruence) between signals across spheres of activity and emphasises the different ways ECRs respond to these signals. The proposed...... comprehensive framework allows for the analysis of researcher identity development through the complex and intertwined activities in which ECRs are involved. We advance this approach as a foundation for a sustained research agenda to understand how ECRs identify and respond to relevant signals, and...

(Re)scaling identities

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Koefoed, Lasse Martin; Simonsen, Kirsten

2012-01-01

of Pakistani origin, the study employs theoretical ideas of estrangement, identification and recognition in order to obtain a thorough understanding of the complexity and the contradictory character of their spatial identities and affiliations. A turning point in the double processes of estrangement...... of identity....

Identity without Membership?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Dobusch, Leonhard; Schoeneborn, Dennis

the formation of organizational identity in more fluid organizational settings. Drawing on an empirical study of the hacker collective Anonymous, we show that organizational identity is formed through public communicative events that are subject to meaning negotiation whether or not actions can be attributed...

Band gap and band offset of (GaIn)(PSb) lattice matched to InP

Science.gov (United States)

Köhler, F.; Böhm, G.; Meyer, R.; Amann, M.-C.

2005-07-01

Metastable (GaxIn1-x)(PySb1-y) layers were grown on (001) InP substrates by gas source molecular beam epitaxy. Low-temperature photoluminescence spectroscopy was applied to these heterostructures and revealed spatially indirect band-to-band recombination of electrons localized in the InP with holes in the (GaxIn1-x)(PySb1-y). In addition, samples with layer thicknesses larger than 100nm showed direct PL across the band gap of (GaxIn1-x)(PySb1-y). Band-gap energies and band offset energies of (GaxIn1-x)(PySb1-y) relative to InP were derived from these PL data. A strong bowing parameter was observed.

Identity uncertainty and commitment making across adolescence : Five-year within-person associations using daily identity reports

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Becht, Andrik I.; Nelemans, Stefanie A.; Branje, Susan J. T.; Vollebergh, Wilma A. M.; Koot, Hans M.; Meeus, W.H.J.

2017-01-01

A central assumption of identity theory is that adolescents reconsider current identity commitments and explore identity alternatives before they make new commitments in various identity domains (Erikson, 1968; Marcia, 1966). Yet, little empirical evidence is available on how commitment and

Identity as wrapping up

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nickelsen, Niels Christian Mossfeldt

2015-01-01

The aim of this paper is to provide an understanding of cross-professional collaboration and to develop a notion of professional identity based in practice. The background of the paper is science and technology studies and more precisely actor network theory. The method used: The empirical analysis...... in close relation to the making of a report concerning the cross-professional collaboration. Findings are that “Identity as wrapping up” points to the way in which certain actors, by other actors, are maneuvered into certain pockets in a network. Identity as wrapping up is emphasized as a way...... of participating, which is closely connected to the intention to control the relation towards the other. Thus identity as wrapping up is argued to be a strategy to optimize the situation of one’s own profession. Conclusion: This articulation of identity contributes to the actor network literature as well...

Visual identity and rebranding

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Katarzyna Wrona

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The goal of this article is to highlight the essence of visual identification and rebranding, as well as to discuss elements of corporate identity, which are subject to revitalization in the process of refreshing the image of a brand. In the first part the article the analysis of the term visual identification is conducted. In the analysis special attention is drawn to the role of visual identification in creating a coherent identity of an organization. In the subsequent chapters further components of corporate identity are presented in detail – starting with logotype, through business forms, advertisements, accompanying materials and Internet websites to signs on buildings. Moreover, corporate identity book as a collection of standards and guidelines for application of corporate identity rules is discussed. The deliberations are based on the study of literature. The last chapter presented the transformation of the brand of Institute of Aviation.

Children's Social Identities

Science.gov (United States)

Bennett, Mark

2011-01-01

This paper provides a brief overview of recent developmental research on themes related to children's social identities. Initially, consideration is given to the capacity for social categorization, following which attention is given to children's developing conceptions of social identities, their identification with social groups, and the…

Dual-band infrared camera

Science.gov (United States)

Vogel, H.; Schlemmer, H.

2005-10-01

Every year, numerous accidents happen on European roads due to bad visibility (fog, night, heavy rain). Similarly, the dramatic aviation accidents of year 2001 in Milan and Zurich have reminded us that aviation safety is equally affected by reduced visibility. A dual-band thermal imager was developed in order to raise human situation awareness under conditions of reduced visibility especially in the automotive and aeronautical context but also for all transportation or surveillance tasks. The chosen wavelength bands are the Short Wave Infrared SWIR and the Long Wave Infrared LWIR band which are less obscured by reduced visibility conditions than the visible band. Furthermore, our field tests clearly show that the two different spectral bands very often contain complementary information. Pyramidal fusion is used to integrate complementary and redundant features of the multi-spectral images into a fused image which can be displayed on a monitor to provide more and better information for the driver or pilot.

When moral identity symbolization motivates prosocial behavior: the role of recognition and moral identity internalization.

Science.gov (United States)

Winterich, Karen Page; Aquino, Karl; Mittal, Vikas; Swartz, Richard

2013-09-01

This article examines the role of moral identity symbolization in motivating prosocial behaviors. We propose a 3-way interaction of moral identity symbolization, internalization, and recognition to predict prosocial behavior. When moral identity internalization is low, we hypothesize that high moral identity symbolization motivates recognized prosocial behavior due to the opportunity to present one's moral characteristics to others. In contrast, when moral identity internalization is high, prosocial behavior is motivated irrespective of the level of symbolization and recognition. Two studies provide support for this pattern examining volunteering of time. Our results provide a framework for predicting prosocial behavior by combining the 2 dimensions of moral identity with the situational factor of recognition. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved

The Identity Crisis. Security, Privacy and Usability Issues in Identity Management

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Alpár, G.; Hoepman, J.H.; Siljee, B.I.J.

2011-01-01

This paper studies the current "identity crisis" caused by the substantial security, privacy and usability shortcomings encountered in existing systems for identity management. Some of these issues are well known, while others are much less understood. This paper brings them together in a single,

Reciprocal Associations between Educational Identity and Vocational Identity in Adolescence: A Three-wave Longitudinal Investigation.

Science.gov (United States)

Negru-Subtirica, Oana; Pop, Eleonora Ioana

2018-04-01

Education and vocation are core identity domains in adolescence. School is a normative social context in this developmental time frame and the formation of an educational identity is embedded in the goals that youth pursue in school. One of the main goals of education is to prepare young people for their future careers. Hence, educational identity should support the formation of vocational identity during adolescence. Considering the limited evidence on the longitudinal links between these two domain-specific identities, we conducted a three-wave investigation, testing the moderating role of age group, gender, and type of school. Participants (N = 1030; 59.3% female) were adolescents (M age  = 16.72 years, SD age  = 1.23, age range 14-19 years) who completed self-report measures of educational and vocational identity three times during an academic year. We underscored reciprocal associations between educational identity and vocational identity. The results indicate that strong educational commitments supported the formation of strong vocational commitments across time. Adolescents who were involved in the in-depth exploration of their educational choices also reported more vocational exploration during the school year. In turn, vocational identity processes also supported educational identity formation, especially the reconsideration of educational commitments. In terms of moderators, we underscored that vocational commitment making and vocational flexibility bolstered educational commitment only in early-to-middle adolescents. Educational in-depth exploration fostered the identification with vocational commitments only in girls. Educational reconsideration of commitment promoted vocational self-doubt only in adolescents attending work-bound high-schools. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

Ego identity formation in middle adolescence.

Science.gov (United States)

Lavoie, J C

1976-12-01

Assumed determinants of ego identity were investigated in this study using sophomore, junior, and senior high school males and females. Subjects were administered the Marcia Ego Identity Status Scale and measures of sex-role identification, personality development, psychological functioning, self-concept, and parental socialization practices. Data analyses, using a median split on identity score, showed that high-identity adolescents obtained more positive scores on sex-role identification, personality development, psychological adjustment, and self-concept than low-identity adolescents. Socialization practices also differed for the two groups. The sex differences which emerged were congruent with the identity literature. Overall, the data supported Erikson's theory of ego identity development.

Complete Genome Sequence of Mulberry Vein Banding Associated Virus, a New Tospovirus Infecting Mulberry.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jiaorong Meng

Full Text Available Mulberry vein banding associated virus (MVBaV that infects mulberry plants with typical vein banding symptoms had been identified as a tentative species of the genus Tospovirus based on the homology of N gene sequence to those of tospoviruses. In this study, the complete sequence of the tripartite RNA genome of MVBaV was determined and analyzed. The L RNA has 8905 nucleotides (nt and encodes the putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp of 2877 aa amino acids (aa in the viral complementary (vc strand. The RdRp of MVBaV shares the highest aa sequence identity (85.9% with that of Watermelon silver mottle virus (WSMoV, and contains conserved motifs shared with those of the species of the genus Tospovirus. The M RNA contains 4731 nt and codes in ambisense arrangement for the NSm protein of 309 aa in the sense strand and the Gn/Gc glycoprotein precursor (GP of 1,124 aa in the vc strand. The NSm and GP of MVBaV share the highest aa sequence identities with those of Capsicum chlorosis virus (CaCV and Groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV (83.2% and 84.3%, respectively. The S RNA is 3294 nt in length and contains two open reading frames (ORFs in an ambisense coding strategy, encoding a 439-aa non-structural protein (NSs and the 277-aa nucleocapsid protein (N, respectively. The NSs and N also share the highest aa sequence identity (71.1% and 74.4%, respectively with those of CaCV. Phylogenetic analysis of the RdRp, NSm, GP, NSs, and N proteins showed that MVBaV is most closely related to CaCV and GBNV and that these proteins cluster with those of the WSMoV serogroup, and that MVBaV seems to be a species bridging the two subgroups within the WSMoV serogroup of tospoviruses in evolutionary aspect, suggesting that MVBaV represents a distinct tospovirus. Analysis of S RNA sequence uncovered the highly conserved 5'-/3'-ends and the coding regions, and the variable region of IGR with divergent patterns among MVBaV isolates.

Professional entrepreneurial identity construction

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ramsgaard, Michael Breum

The present study investigates the construction of a professional identity as an entrepreneur in a sample of people with educational background in nutrition and health. The study examines the connection between professional identity construction and entrepreneurial business emergence using...... ‘entrepreneurial preparedness’ as parameter. This research seeks to address the following questions: What significant components or characteristics do entrepreneurs rely on in the early processes of constructing an entrepreneurial identity....

Identities-in-action

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Stentoft, Diana; Valero, Paola

2009-01-01

The notion of identity is often used in mathematics education research in an attempt to link individual and social understandings of mathematical learning. In this paper we review existing research making use of the notion of identity, and we point to some of the strengths and weaknesses in the w...

Balancing Fairness and Efficiency: The Impact of Identity-Blind and Identity-Conscious Accountability on Applicant Screening

Science.gov (United States)

Self, William T.; Mitchell, Gregory; Mellers, Barbara A.; Tetlock, Philip E.; Hildreth, J. Angus D.

2015-01-01

This study compared two forms of accountability that can be used to promote diversity and fairness in personnel selections: identity-conscious accountability (holding decision makers accountable for which groups are selected) versus identity-blind accountability (holding decision makers accountable for making fair selections). In a simulated application screening process, undergraduate participants (majority female) sorted applicants under conditions of identity-conscious accountability, identity-blind accountability, or no accountability for an applicant pool in which white males either did or did not have a human capital advantage. Under identity-conscious accountability, participants exhibited pro-female and pro-minority bias, particularly in the white-male-advantage applicant pool. Under identity-blind accountability, participants exhibited no biases and candidate qualifications dominated interview recommendations. Participants exhibited greater resentment toward management under identity-conscious accountability. PMID:26660723

Gender identity development in adolescence.

Science.gov (United States)

Steensma, Thomas D; Kreukels, Baudewijntje P C; de Vries, Annelou L C; Cohen-Kettenis, Peggy T

2013-07-01

This article is part of a Special Issue "Puberty and Adolescence".This article aims to provide an outline of what is currently known on trajectories, and contributing factors to gender identity development in adolescence. We give a historical overview of the concept of gender identity, and describe general identity development in adolescence, gender identity development in the general population and in gender variant youth. Possible psychosocial (such as child and parental characteristics) and biological factors (such as the effects of prenatal exposure to gonadal hormones and the role of genetics) contributing to a gender variant identity are discussed. Studies focusing on a number of psychosocial and biological factors separately, indicate that each of these factors influence gender identity formation, but little is known about the complex interplay between the factors, nor about the way individuals themselves contribute to the process. Research into normative and gender variant identity development of adolescents is clearly lagging behind. However, studies on persons with gender dysphoria and disorders of sex development, show that the period of adolescence, with its changing social environment and the onset of physical puberty, seems to be crucial for the development of a non-normative gender identity. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

50 MW C-band pulse klystron; 50MW C band pulse klystron

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

C-band pulse klystron E3746 with an output of 50 MW class was developed jointly with the High-Energy Accelerator Research Organization in the Ministry of Education as the klystron for a linear accelerator. For a large-sized linear accelerator in the next generation, a klystron with higher operating frequency has been required to obtain a compact and efficient accelerator. In E3746, the problem of power resistance during high-frequency operation was solved by mounting a traveling-wave multi-cell output circuit. Moreover, stable operation in the pulse width of 2.5 {mu}s and the output of 54 MW was performed at the same operation efficiency (44%) as the conventional S-band tube by using the frequency (in a C-band frequency band) that is two times as high as the conventional general accelerator. (translated by NEDO)

Social Identity and Group Contests