Dative experiencer predicates in Hungarian

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Rákosi, G.

2006-01-01

Dative experiencer predicates in Hungarian investigates the argument structure and the syntax of appeal to- and important-type predicates in Hungarian. Couched in terms of Reinhart’s (2000, 2002) Theta System, the thesis presents arguments for the need to resort to the lexicon in setting up

Refractory reverse amblyopia with atropine penalization

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Preeti Ajit Patil

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Pharmacological penalization with atropine has been shown to be equally effective as conventional occlusion therapy in the treatment of amblyopia in children. Reverse amblyopia of the sound eye with atropine penalization has been reported before, but is more common in cases where the effect is augmented with optical penalization and is mostly reversible. We report a case of reverse amblyopia with atropine penalization, in a 4-year-old girl, which was refractory to treatment. This report highlights the need for strict monitoring of the vision in the sound eye and regular follow-up in children undergoing amblyopia treatment.

LA RESPONSABILIDAD DE LAS COOPERATIVAS DERIVADA DEL INCUMPLIMIENTO DE LAS OBLIGACIONES CONTABLES. INFLUENCIA DE LA REFORMA PENAL Y LA NUEVA REGULACIÓN CONTABLE / THE CRIMINAL RESPONSABILITY OF THE COOPERATIVES ARISING FROM NOT COMPLYING WITH THE ACCOUNTING OBLIGATIONS. THE REPERCUSSION OF THE REFORM OF THE PENAL CODE AND THE NEW ACCOUNTING REGULATION

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Maria Begoña VILLARROYA LEQUERICAONANDIA

2012-05-01

Full Text Available El objetivo perseguido con la realización de este trabajo es conocer la responsabilidad penal derivada del incumplimiento de las obligaciones contables por parte de los órganos sociales de las cooperativas, observando la incidencia de la reforma del Código Penal en la responsabilidad. Para ello, se comienza haciendo una breve descripción de las obligaciones contables, no solo el deber de llevanza de la contabilidad, libros obligatorios,… sino también las obligaciones específicas de las cooperativas recientemente reguladas en la Orden de 21 de diciembre de 2010 sobre los aspectos contables de las sociedades cooperativas (BOE de 29 de diciembre, donde nos encontramos con numerosos cambios en los que parte de las aportaciones de los socios pasarán a calificarse como pasivo. A continuación se analizan los distintos artículos del Código Penal en los que la contabilidad tuviera relevancia, incidiendo en como podría verse afectada la responsabilidad de la empresa con la reciente reforma. / The aim of this work is to know the criminal responsibility for social organs arising from not complying with the accounting obligations and the repercussion of the reform of the Penal Code in the treatment of responsibility. The paper starts with a brief description of the accounting obligations, not only formal but also material obligations, and the specific rules for the valuation of cooperatives that have recently been regulated in the Order of December 21, 2010 (BOE December, 29 of the countable aspects of cooperative companies will be analyzed in this paper. In it we will find numerous changes in whicht parts of the contributions of the partners will be classified as debts.. Finally, this work analyzes various articles of the Criminal Code in which the accounting is most important, highlighting the possibility of responsibility of the companies after the new reform.

Emotional Intelligence of Hungarian Teachers

Science.gov (United States)

Baracsi, Ágnes

2016-01-01

The research focused on the personal and social competencies of Hungarian teachers as unexplored areas. The participants in the survey were 707 Hungarian teachers from elementary and secondary schools. In view of the expectations of the European Union related to new teacher roles, the following research question was formulated to guide the study:…

Brief retrospection on Hungarian school atlases

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Klinghammer, István; Jesús Reyes Nuñez, José

2018-05-01

The first part of this article is dedicated to the history of Hungarian school atlases to the end of the 1st World War. Although the first maps included in a Hungarian textbook were probably made in 1751, the publication of atlases for schools is dated almost 50 years later, when professor Ézsáiás Budai created his "New School Atlas for elementary pupils" in 1800. This was followed by a long period of 90 years, when the school atlases were mostly translations and adaptations of foreign atlases, the majority of which were made in German-speaking countries. In those years, a school atlas made by a Hungarian astronomer, Antal Vállas, should be highlighted as a prominent independent piece of work. In 1890, a talented cartographer, Manó Kogutowicz founded the Hungarian Geographical Institute, which was the institution responsible for producing school atlases for the different types of schools in Hungary. The professional quality of the school atlases published by his institute was also recognized beyond the Hungarian borders by prizes won in international exhibitions. Kogutowicz laid the foundations of the current Hungarian school cartography: this statement is confirmed in the second part of this article, when three of his school atlases are presented in more detail to give examples of how the pupils were introduced to the basic cartographic and astronomic concepts as well as how different innovative solutions were used on the maps.

A Tutela Penal dos Direitos Humanos

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Paulo Cesar Correa Borges

2012-04-01

Full Text Available A proteção penal dos direitos humanos tem dois aspectos decorrentes do garantismo penal: 1 limite para a persecução penal; 2 objetividade jurídica das normas incriminadoras. O conceito de direitos humanos para fins de tutela penal prescinde da sua classificação geracional, mas determina o reconhecimento de sua historicidade e, principalmente, a sua construção a partir das mobilizações e movimentos sociais. A vulnerabilidade dos grupos humanos que são difusa e sistematicamente discriminados ou violados deve ser o critério para a definição do objeto jurídico da norma incriminadora, para manter coerência e viabilizar a aplicação do princípio da complementariedade entre a repressão interna e a persecução internacional, compatibilizando o Direito Penal interno e o Internacional.

Race Making in a Penal Institution.

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Walker, Michael L

2016-01-01

This article provides a ground-level investigation into the lives of penal inmates, linking the literature on race making and penal management to provide an understanding of racial formation processes in a modern penal institution. Drawing on 135 days of ethnographic data collected as an inmate in a Southern California county jail system, the author argues that inmates are subjected to two mutually constitutive racial projects--one institutional and the other microinteractional. Operating in symbiosis within a narrative of risk management, these racial projects increase (rather than decrease) incidents of intraracial violence and the potential for interracial violence. These findings have implications for understanding the process of racialization and evaluating the effectiveness of penal management strategies.

An Iterative Brinkman penalization for particle vortex methods

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Walther, Jens Honore; Hejlesen, Mads Mølholm; Leonard, A.

2013-01-01

We present an iterative Brinkman penalization method for the enforcement of the no-slip boundary condition in vortex particle methods. This is achieved by implementing a penalization of the velocity field using iteration of the penalized vorticity. We show that using the conventional Brinkman...... condition. These are: the impulsively started flow past a cylinder, the impulsively started flow normal to a flat plate, and the uniformly accelerated flow normal to a flat plate. The iterative penalization algorithm is shown to give significantly improved results compared to the conventional penalization...

Sistema penal acusatorio en Veracruz/Adversarial criminal system in Veracruz

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Jorge Alberto Pérez Tolentino (México

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El estudio y comprensión del nuevo Código de Procedimientos Penales de Veracruz resulta ineludible, en virtud de las nítidas diferencias existentes entre las figuras jurídicas que contiene el actual ordenamiento, en comparación con el anterior. Es preciso sistematizar, describir y analizar la estructura del sistema penal acusatorio, a efecto de estar en condiciones de evaluar y, en su caso, proponer las mejoras al sistema en cuestión. El contenido esquemático y sustancial del código, la visión y recepción que del mismo tienen los operadores jurídicos y la sociedad en general, son aspectos que cubre el presente documento. The study and understanding of the new Code of Criminal Procedure of Veracruz is unavoidable, by reason of the sharp differences between the legal concepts that contains the actual order, compared with the previous. Needs to be systematized, describe and analyze the structure of the adversarial criminal system, in order to be able to evaluate and, if necessary, propose improvements to the system in question. The schematic and substantial content of the code, viewing and welcome that the same have the legal practitioners and society in general, are aspects covered by herein.

Los delitos sexuales: la ley y la práctica judicial en la Provincia de Buenos Aires durante el período de codifcación del derecho penal argentino (1877-1892.

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Gisela Sedeillan.

2009-04-01

Full Text Available After the passage of the frst penal code in the Province of Buenos Aires in 1877, judges interpreted it in such a way so that the victims of rape and statutory rape had to press charges rather than the state directly seeking justice. This regulation of judicial procedure led to profound transformations in legal practice, operating more as an obstacle than a beneft to the protection of victim’s right by limiting their ability to take part in the legal proceedings as plaintiffs, which made it impossible to punish the accused. The reigning norm in the national Penal Code was reformed in order to reconcile the law with the social reality of the victims and make it possible to effectively protect the rights of those who fled the lawsuit with the state. We confine this work to the period from 1877-1892 in order to analyze the application and interpretation of the provincial penal code and the changes introduced with the sanction of the national Penal Code in the judicial branch.

La Reforma del Código Penal en Nicaragua

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María Asunción Moreno Castillo

2000-08-01

Full Text Available La redacción de un nuevo Código Penal podría calificarse de urgente necesidad si tenemos en cuenta que nuestras normas penales no se adecuan a las exigencias jurídicas, sociales y políticas de un Estado Social Democrático y de Derecho, pues el Código Penal vigente (1974 no es más que un texto parchado por todas partes, e incluso en alguna ocasión doblemente parchado, que no aguanta más remiendos. De ahí la necesidad de la redacción y aprobación de un texto penal que obedezca a las nuevas tendencias político criminales y postulados del Derecho penal moderno.

TAXONOMY AND STRUCTURE OF HUNGARIAN PERSONALITY-TRAITS

NARCIS (Netherlands)

SZIRMAK, Z; DERAAD, B

This study reports on the application of the principles of the lexical approach to a non-Indo-European language, namely Hungarian. This language is a Uralic island surrounded on all sides by Indo-European languages. In addition, the Hungarians are, in terms of cultural features, Europeans. These

Health status among elderly Hungarians and Americans.

Science.gov (United States)

Buss, T F; Beres, C; Hofstetter, C R; Pomidor, A

1994-07-01

Selected health status data for elderly populations from similar industrial cities-Youngstown, Ohio, USA, and Debrecen, Hungary-were compared. Because of their impoverished health care system, unregulated heavily industrialized society, and unhealthful life-styles Hungarians were hypothesized to have poorer health status than Americans, even after taking into account demographic mediating factors. The study provides a health status baseline for elderly Hungarians shortly after communism's fall in 1989-1990 and shows how great a gap exists between Hungarian health status and that in the West. Hungarians were in much poorer health as measured by functional status, symptomatology, medical condition, depression, and subjective health status. Distinctions persisted when controlling for gender, age, and education. Poverty-level (and income) did not explain health status differences. The paper concludes that Hungary should pay more attention to health promotion, prevention, and primary care, as well as to reforming patient management in hospitals, nursing homes, and home care programs.

4. Congress of the Hungarian Radiotherapy Society

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1999-01-01

Clinical experiences with radiotherapeutic treatment of patients with malignant tumors at several Hungarian hospitals and technical aspects of irradiation devices and irradiation procedures has been reported in the 50 lectures given at the congress. Abstracts of the lectures are published in Hungarian or English or German. (N.T.)

Da necessidade de um tipo penal intermediário no crime de estupro em face da desproporcionalidade da pena

OpenAIRE

Tanferri, Andressa Silveira; Universidade Norte do Paraná; Cachapuz, Rozane da Rosa; Universidade Estadual de Londrina

2015-01-01

The article critically talks about the disproportionality of the minimum penalty on the crime of rape, which is in the art. 213 of the Brazilian Penal Code, when this applied to conduct that cause less damage to the well of the victim. The theme includes the need of creating a criminal type that fill the legal gap and be feasible to penalize the less serious conduct, without this violates the fundamental principles inherent to both, the author and the victim of the crime. This study exposes, ...

Ethnic Attitudes of Hungarian Students in Romania

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Ives, Bob; Obenchain, Kathryn M.; Oikonomidoy, Eleni

2012-01-01

Participants in this study were ethnic Hungarian secondary students attending high schools in Romania in which Hungarian was the primary language of instruction. Attitudes of participants toward ethnic and cultural groups were measured using a variation of the Bogardus (1933) Scale of Social Distance. Results were consistent with predictions based…

Statement of Problem: Dangerous Desires in Orwell's 1984 and the Present Spanish Penal Code

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Alison Hogg

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Our construct of a dangerous subject has changed little over the past century. Dangerous subjects in Oceania, a region created by Orwell in his novel 1984 in a constant state of war, consciously or unconsciously manifest too much autonomy. Self-autonomy and agency breach established moral codes of conduct and manifest an inability to self-govern and conform i.e. discipline. What is deemed dangerous is constructed by Ingsoc, Oceania’s prevailing political philosophy; however, if considered of value to the party, time is invested and mandatory treatment is imposed to bring them into line with normative conduct. This treatment consists in stripping them of their identity and desires, which is achieved through them being rendered physically and psychologically innocuous. In the same vein, two new dangerous collectives were designated by the Spanish legislature in a reform introduced to the Penal Code in June 2010, the terrorist and sex offender. On this occasion, it is their efforts to resist this normalization onslaught that renders them dangerous. Unable to incarcerate indeterminately or execute both collectives, a new post-custodial security measure is deployed to ensure that both collectives remain socially and politically isolated. This article compares the dangerous symptomatology depicted by Orwell in 1984 with the dangerous offender constructed by the Spanish legislature in OL 5/2010, the problematization of their habits and behaviours as well as the alleged cure offered to these dangerous subjects. For Ingsoc and the Spanish legislature, the imminent danger is a threat to social and public order. Nuestra construcción de un sujeto peligroso ha cambiado poco durante el siglo pasado. Sujetos peligrosos en Oceanía, una región creada por Orwell en su novela 1984 que está en un constante estado de guerra, manifiestan demasiada autonomía de forma consciente o inconsciente. La anulación de la propia autonomía y la voluntad establecieron c

Proyecto de reforma del Proceso Penal

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Beatriz Scapusio

2014-04-01

Full Text Available El Anteproyecto de Código de Proceso PenalExpositora: Beatriz ScapusioLa Imputabilidad Aportes dogmáticos para un tema clave de la responsablidad penalExpositor: Dardo Preza RestucciaEstructuras procesales en el proceso de conocimiento y en el proceso de ejecuciónExpositora: Raquel Landeira

[Direct genetic manipulation and criminal code in Venezuela: absolute criminal law void?].

Science.gov (United States)

Cermeño Zambrano, Fernando G De J

2002-01-01

The judicial regulation of genetic biotechnology applied to the human genome is of big relevance currently in Venezuela due to the drafting of an innovative bioethical law in the country's parliament. This article will highlight the constitutional normative of Venezuela's 1999 Constitution regarding this subject, as it establishes the framework from which this matter will be legally regulated. The approach this article makes towards the genetic biotechnology applied to the human genome is made taking into account the Venezuelan penal law and by highlighting the violent genetic manipulations that have criminal relevance. The genetic biotechnology applied to the human genome has another important relevance as a consequence of the reformulation of the Venezuelan Penal Code discussed by the country's National Assembly. Therefore, a concise study of the country's penal code will be made in this article to better understand what judicial-penal properties have been protected by the Venezuelan penal legislation. This last step will enable us to identify the penal tools Venezuela counts on to face direct genetic manipulations. We will equally indicate the existing punitive loophole and that should be covered by the penal legislator. In conclusion, this essay concerns criminal policy, referred to the direct genetic manipulations on the human genome that haven't been typified in Venezuelan law, thus discovering a genetic biotechnology paradise.

Poverty Control and the Penal System

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Fernanda Kilduff

2010-01-01

Full Text Available To reflect on the criminalization and penalization of poverty, this article analyzes the neoconservative turn in criminal policy, as an expression of recent changes under contemporary capitalism. In a context characterized by a regression in social policies, the paper discusses the expansion of the penal system as a strategy used by capitalist States to contain and administer in a criminalizing form the growing and increasingly complex manifestations of the “social question” linked to an objective situation of massive and structural unemployment. To conclude the debate, it presents some elements to reflect on the historic function of bourgeois penal law and to analyze its fundamental role in current imperialist strategy.

The Hungarian youth's knowledge and attitude in the nuclear field

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Petoefi, G.; Legradi, G.

2000-01-01

The Hungarian Youth for Nuclear (FINE) was established in 1999 as the Hungarian branch of the Young Generation Network. Our purpose is to remove the misconceptions and fears that have arisen around the nuclear techniques, mainly nuclear energetics, and to reply to the questions brought up by the Hungarian youth on this topic. This year, our main activity was to take part in the Student Island with a Nuclear-tent. In this paper we delineate our experience that we have gained with the help of our programmes about the attitude and knowledge of the Hungarian youth. (authors)

artículo 9 del Código Penal

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Sebastián Felipe Sánchez Zapata

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo 9 del Código Penal colombiano define, como norma rectora del sistema penal, la conducta punible. Este texto, cuestionando la recepción acrítica de doctrinas extranjeras al ordenamiento jurídico (y también códi - gos, normas, etc., expone algunos de los puntos más trascendentales de la teoría del delito, entre ellos, el concepto de conducta, desvalor de acción y re - sultado, relación de causalidad e imputación, ubicación sistemática del dolo y el tratamiento penal de los imputables a través de las interpretaciones de la doctrina penal colombiana.

Analysis gives the penal treatment in Cuba to the tied infractions to the use and conservation gives radioactive substances

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Perez Gonzalez, F.; Perez Velazquez, R.S.; Fornet, R.O.; Reyes Fajardo, E.

1998-01-01

The work refers the realized analysis to the Law 62 the Cuban penal code that with establishing to the treatment of the infractions referred standard's to the uses and conservation the radioactive substances and other ionizing radiations sources

OBSERVAŢII REFERITOARE LA AMENDAMENTELE OPERATE ÎN CODUL PENAL PRIN LEGEA NR.60/2016

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Vitalie STATI

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Obiectul prezentului studiu îl constituie modificările şi completările operate în Codul penal prin Legea nr.60/2016. Acestea vizează: persoana juridică în calitate de subiect al infracţiunii; confiscarea specială; spălarea banilor; actul terorist; finanţarea terorismului; abuzul de putere sau abuzul de serviciu. În procesul analizei, sunt examinate proiectul care se află la baza Legii nr.60/2016, Nota informativă la acest proiect şi alte asemenea acte preparatorii. De asemenea, se face referire la Convenţia privind spălarea, descoperirea, sechestrarea şi confiscarea produselor infracţiunii şi finan­ţarea terorismului, adoptată la Varşovia la 16.05.2005, precum şi la raportul explicativ la această Convenţie. Scopul prezentului studiu constă în stabilirea efectelor pozitive şi a celor negative ale adoptării modificărilor şi completărilor operate în Codul penal prin Legea nr.60/2016. În rezultatul investigaţiei efectuate se ajunge la concluzia că nu toate amendamentele operate prin legea amintită au tangenţă cu domeniile ce ţin de prevenirea şi combaterea spălării banilor şi a finanţării terorismului. Nu toate aceste amendamente pot asigura armonizarea legislaţiei naţionale penale cu stan­dardele stabilite de Curtea Europeană pentru Drepturile Omului. Unele din aceste amendamente sunt îndoielnice sub aspectul calităţii lor tehnico-legislative şi/sau în ce priveşte aportul lor în planul eficientizării apărării ordinii de drept. Impresia de ansamblu este că nu preocuparea pentru interesul social a constituit scopul principal al adoptării Legii nr.60/2016.SOME REMARKS ON THE AMENDMENTS OPERATED TO THE PENAL CODE BY LAW No.60/2016The object of this study is formed by the modifications and additions operated to the Penal Code by Law No.60/2016. The content of the respective initiatives addresses the following elements: the legal person as the subject of the offence; special confiscation

Iterative Brinkman penalization for remeshed vortex methods

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hejlesen, Mads Mølholm; Koumoutsakos, Petros; Leonard, Anthony

2015-01-01

We introduce an iterative Brinkman penalization method for the enforcement of the no-slip boundary condition in remeshed vortex methods. In the proposed method, the Brinkman penalization is applied iteratively only in the neighborhood of the body. This allows for using significantly larger time...

Quantitative Investigations in Hungarian Phonotactics and Syllable Structure

Science.gov (United States)

Grimes, Stephen M.

2010-01-01

This dissertation investigates statistical properties of segment collocation and syllable geometry of the Hungarian language. A corpus and dictionary based approach to studying language phonologies is outlined. In order to conduct research on Hungarian, a phonological lexicon was created by compiling existing dictionaries and corpora and using a…

Mapping the Conditions of Penal Hope

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David Brown

2013-11-01

Full Text Available This article examines the conditions of penal optimism behind suggestions that the penal expansionism of the last three decades may be at a ‘turning point’. The article proceeds by outlining David Green’s suggested catalysts of penal reform and considers how applicable they are in the Australian context. Green’s suggested catalysts are: the cycles and saturation thesis; shifts in the dominant conception of the offender; the GFC and budgetary constraints; the drop in crime; the emergence of the prisoner re-entry movement; apparent shifts in public opinion; the influence of evangelical Christian ideas and the Right on Crime initiative. The article then considers a number of other possible catalysts or forces: the role of trade unions; the role of courts; the emergence of recidivism as a political issue; the influence of ’evidence based’/’what works’’ discourse; and the emergence of justice reinvestment (JR. The article concludes with some comments about the capacity of criminology and criminologists to contribute to penal reductionism, offering an optimistic assessment for the prospects of a reflexive criminology that engages in and engenders a wider politics around criminal justice issues.

Linguistic layers of Old Hungarian hydronyms

OpenAIRE

Győrffy, Erzsébet

2014-01-01

When analysing the etymological layers of Hungarian river names, it becomes soon clear that loan names make up a much larger group than in the group of settlement names, for instance. This fact can be due to the phenomenon that in the case of hydronyms, name-giving and name-usage is driven mainly by communicative needs, while other (e. g. socio-cultural or political) factors only rarely influence name-giving. In my paper, it was my aim to provide an etymological typology of Hungarian hydronym...

Lessons from Objects: Designing a Modern Hungarian Childhood 1890-1950

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Amber Winick

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Art and architecture assisted Hungary’s delivery into modern Europe, and many Hungarian designs of the early twentieth century invoked the child rather than the adult as the ideal citizen. Throughout the first half of the twentieth century, Hungarian designers, design reformers and the Ministry of Culture and Education expressed national identity through design, emphasizing objects and spaces for children as a key element in defining a national culture. This research unfolds a vital dimension of Hungarian culture by examining a selection of objects and spaces—nursery designs, children’s clothing, school architecture, the Budapest Zoo and book illustrations—made for Hungary’s children during different periods of the last century. Working in partnership with the Iparművészeti Múzeum—the Museum of Applied Arts in Budapest—as well as several public and private collections across Hungary, I researched a number of important children’s designs that helped to shape the lives and experiences of twentieth century Hungarian children.  Central to my research is how social and political forces shaped designs and how these designs helped children identify as Hungarian citizens. Looking at five material case studies, I hope to demonstrate the ways in which designers negotiated issues of Hungarian identity, tradition, and modernity.

El concepto de terrorismo en derecho internacional penal

OpenAIRE

Valdés Tomàs, Clàudia

2017-01-01

Este trabajo consiste en el estudio de la incidencia del concepto de terrorismo en la represión efectiva del delito de terrorismo en el marco del derecho internacional. Por ello, ha sido necesario dividir el trabajo en una primera parte sobre el estudio de la definición del terrorismo en derecho penal internacional y una segunda parte sobre su estudio en derecho internacional penal, específicamente en el contexto de la Corte Penal Internacional (CPI). En la primera parte analizaremos las def...

US-Hungarian Relations Ten Years After 1956

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Tibor Glant

2016-10-01

Full Text Available 1966, the tenth anniversary of the 1956 Revolution, was a key year in US–Hungarian relations. Diplomatic relations were raised from the lowest to the highest level, but suspicion and tension remained. Neither side knew what to expect from the other on account of the anniversary, the Vietnam War, economic and cultural negotiations, and the fate of Cardinal Mindszenty. A traditional diplomatic historical approach is supplemented here with cultural materials to present the full scale of contacts ranging from high political issues to the visit of Hollywood movie star Kirk Douglas in Budapest. First Secretary of the Legation for Press and Cultural Affairs Edward Alexander receives special attention, because he played a crucial role in the events of 1966. As press secretary, he helped calm Hungarian fears over what American journalists might report about the anniversary, while as cultural affairs officer he worked on documenting and expanding American cultural presence in Hungary. In the latter capacity, he opened the USIA Library at the Legation, fraternized with blacklisted painters of the Zuglói Kör [‘Zugló Circle’], monitored the Hungarian stage production of My Fair Lady, and reported on the publication of American literature in Hungarian.

Hungarian University Students' Misunderstandings in Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics

Science.gov (United States)

Turanyi, Tamas; Toth, Zoltan

2013-01-01

The misunderstandings related to thermodynamics (including chemical equilibrium) and chemical kinetics of first and second year Hungarian students of chemistry, environmental science, biology and pharmacy were investigated. We demonstrated that Hungarian university students have similar misunderstandings in physical chemistry to those reported in…

Check list of the Hungarian Salticidae with biogeographical notes

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Szüts, Tamás

2003-04-01

Full Text Available An updated check list of the Hungarian jumping spider fauna is presented. 70 species are recorded from Hungary so far. Four species are new to the Hungarian fauna: Hasarius adansoni, Neon valentulus, Sitticus caricis, Synageles subcingulatus. With 12 original drawings.

The Steins and the Hungarians

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Barki, Gergely

2014-05-01

Full Text Available The traveling exhibition entitled "The Steins Collect" (2011-12 again drew attention – and on this occasion in a manner perhaps more vivid than any exhibition to date – to the importance of the systematically canon-shaping work that took place in two tiny Parisian ateliers (one in the Rue de Fleurus, the other in the Rue de Madame in terms of the new painterly movements that emerged at the beginning of the 20th century. Leo, Gertrude, and Michael, three siblings from the Stein family, a family of Jewish origin from San Francisco, along with Michael's wife Sarah, not only built within the space of a few years the most important contemporary art collection in Paris, but through their lively salons came to be the most influential shapers and propagators of universal modernism, making their influence felt to this day on assessments of avant-garde art. In the course of preparations for the exhibition and the publication of the accompanying catalogue, both of which provide a comprehensive survey of the Steins' activity, light was cast on the family's Hungarian connections as well. Consequently, one painting by the Hungarian Vilmos Pelrott-Csaba was included at the American venues (San Francisco and New York of the exhibition, and a presentation on the family's ties to Hungary was held at the scholarly conference organized in connection with the exhibition. Despite the fact that several essays have been published on this subject, the written sources have not been collected – neither those dealing with the large number of Hungarians present at the Steins' Saturday evening gatherings, nor those covering the Hungarian pupils at the Académie Matisse, which was closely aligned with the Steins. This essay is a revised version of the presentation held at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, supplemented with additional source-material.

La legitimidad del derecho penal

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Francisco Bernate-Ochoa

2010-03-01

Full Text Available El interrogante sobre la legitimidad del derecho penal se ha convertido en un asunto medular dentro de los estudios contemporáneos sobre la materia, dado que hoy en día se reconoce que a partir de la solución a este interrogante teórico se puede asumir la tarea de construir un sistema. El panorama contemporáneo nos ofrece dos soluciones al respecto: por una parte, se sostiene que la legitimación del derecho penal emana de la Constitución, y se prescinde de una construcción sistémica del delito en aras de la obtención de consecuencias acordes con lo planteado en la Carta Política. Por otra, desde una propuesta -de corte normativista- se entiende que la legitimación del derecho penal debe encontrarse en la sociedad, y a partir del entendimiento de ésta se encuentra la necesidad de aquél, lo cual ejerce una influencia en la construcción del sistema del delito.

Rama in the royal title of the Hungarian kings

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Živković Tibor D.

2004-01-01

Full Text Available The region (župa of Rama was enlisted in the official title of the Hungarian kings around 1138, as it is known from an official document. The exact answer to the question under which circumstances it happened has never been reached. It is most probable that Rama was not just other name for Bosnia as it was proposed in historiography, neither was a part of Bosnia conquered by military action of the Hungarian king around 1135. Having in mind that Rama was a part of the principality of Raška during the Early Middle Ages, it is quite possible that Rama became part of the official title of the Hungarian kings through some direct connections between ruling families of Hungary and Raška. The most probable answer could be reached through the examination of these relations. Namely, a daughter of Raška's župan, Uroš I, Helena, was married to the Hungarian crown prince Bela in 1129, when Rama was, most probably, part of Helena's dowry. When the crown prince became king of Hungary in 1131, Rama was included in his royal title. Later on during the Middle Ages Rama became part of Bosnia giving ground to the Hungarian kings to claim whole Bosnia as their heritage. .

MEDIASI PENAL SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN PERKARA PENCURIAN RINGAN (STUDI DI POLRES MALANG KOTA

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James Hasudungan Hutajulu

2016-02-01

  Key words: penal mediation, minor theft case, an alternative penal settlement   Abstrak Penelitian mengenai pelaksanaan mediasi penal pada tindak pidana pencurian ringan oleh Polres Malang Kota bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis digunakannya mediasi penal serta menganalisis pelaksanaan mediasi penal sebagai alternatif penyelesaian perkara. Adapun metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis sosiologis atau jenis penelitian hukum sosiologis atau penelitian lapangan. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh antara lain: Polres Malang Kota melakukan mediasi penal dengan alasan agar tercipta rasa keadilan terhadap para saksi sehingga masyarakat puas atas pelayanan yang dilakukan penyidik. Selain itu, langkah-langkah yang dilakukan dalam penerapan mediasi penal ini adalah mempertemukan para pihak, penyidik menyaksikan pengembalian barang yang dicuri oleh pelaku, membantu membuat surat kesepakatan bersama, menerima surat pencabutan perkara serta melakukan gelar perkara.   Kata kunci: mediasi penal, pencurian ringan, alternatif penyelesaian perkara

The Representation of Jews in Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Hungarian Proverb Collections

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Ilana Rosen

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Proverbs are concise formulations of folk wisdom and as such, when seen in masses, they may well express the spirit of their time and place. In Hungarian proverbial lore Jews figure prominently in nineteenth-century proverb collections but fade out of such collections as of the mid-twentieth century. In the nineteenth-century proverb collections Jews are invariably portrayed as faithless, dishonest, greedy, physically weak and unattractive. Largely, this portrayal as well as the dynamics of the earlier presence of Jews versus their later disappearance from Hungarian proverb collections match the shared history of Hungarians and Hungarian Jews since the 1867 Emancipation of the country's Jews and possibly even earlier, through their growing integration in significant arenas of their host society, up to their persecution and annihilation in the Holocaust, and later their decade long forced merging into the general Hungarian society under communism. This article traces the occurrence and disappearance of Jews in Hungarian proverb collections throughout the last two centuries and analyzes the language, content and messages of the proverbs about Jews in these collections.

Receptiveness to Flexible Employment at Hungarian SMEs

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Ákos Essősy

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Nowadays, only companies that are adaptable and flexible in their structure and processes can survive. The basis for a motivated company aiming for peak performance is organisational innovation. Hungary is one of the less innovative countries in Europe. Only organisations that can integrate new solutions smoothly into their everyday operations will remain truly competitive. The Government of Hungary, in its Partnership Agreement with the European Union, set out the goals for improving and supporting the adaptability of enterprises, the promotion of flexible and family-friendly workplace practices and services, and the employment of women with young children. The aim of this study is to demonstrate, through a Hungarian example, the receptiveness of Hungarian small and medium-sized enterprises to flexible forms of employment. The effect of flexible employment on economic adaptability and competitiveness through workforce efficiency and retention is examined. Its aim is the raise the awareness of options to increase employment among Hungarian SME managers.

Fragments of a Hungarian Past in the Literature of 1.5 and Second-Generation Austro-Hungarian Immigrants in Israel

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Ilana Rosen

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Contemporary Israeli literature is presently preoccupied with the past diasporic lives of the previous generation, the one that came to Israel from practically all four winds in the mid-late twentieth century. Hungarian-Israeli writers—e.g., Yoel Hoffmann, Judith Rotem, Yael Neeman and Esti G. Hayim—constitute a distinct group within this stream of 1.5 and second generation poets and novelists who have written about immigration and State foundation, often using a documentary or fictionalized memoirist mode. This article highlights the components of these writers' complex burden of a whole world destroyed, in most cases, not long before they were born and which they strive to restore or at least re-imagine in their oeuvre as contemporary Israeli writers. These components include: Holocaust trauma and its transference to the second generation, Hungarian speaking families within the Israeli multicultural setting, the ties of these families with their Hungarian foreign relatives, and household objects related to this past.

La Corte Penal Internacional: abriendo caminos

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Alfredo Etcheberry

2009-01-01

Full Text Available A partir del análisis de las decisiones de la Corte Penal Internacional en el Caso Lubanga y la solicitud del Fiscal de detener al Presidente en ejercicio de Sudán, los autores analizan los desafíos y perspectivas del trabajo de la Corte Penal Internacional, particularmente en lo relativo a cómo se ha configurado su labor después de una etapa inicial dedicada a esclarecer su rol y constitución.

Penal stress and its manifestations in the convicts, suspects and accused persons

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Melnikova D.V.

2015-08-01

Full Text Available The paper is devoted to penal stress and its manifestations at the convicts, suspects and accused persons. This topic has been poorly studied. It is necessary to identify the groups of people especially most in need of prevention and correction of stress state and to define the target effects. The paper presents a theoretical analysis of the concepts of biological and psychological stress. Our theoretical work is mainly devoted to phenomenon of penal stress and factors affecting its formation. We suggested the definition of penal stress concept on the basis of the analyzed literature. The sample included 69 male persons (31 from predetention center, 38 from penal colony, aged 19 to 47 years old. Experimental psychological method of research was mainly used. In the practical part of the paper presents data on the prevalence of the penal stress in predetention centers and penal colonies. In addition, we have studied the relationship of penal stress with punishment stage, the crime characteristics of subjects, individual psychological characteristics, current state. The study allows us to reveal the groups of people in need of the prevention and correction of the penal stress state. We identified some target corrective action also.

Estimating wage equations for Hungarian higher-education graduates

OpenAIRE

Galasi, Peter

2003-01-01

The paper investigates the wage determination of Hungarian highereducation graduates with using two samples of Hungarian careerbeginners, applying IV techniques and the multiple indicator solution so as to diminish potential estimation biases due to endogeneity of independent variables (especially the education variable) and the simultaneity of wages and working time. The results show that university education yields considerable wage premium as compared to college education, and that the ret...

Lexical Borrowing in the Speech of First-Generation Hungarian Immigrants in Australia

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Anikó Hatoss

2016-09-01

Full Text Available This article reports findings of a sociolinguistic project which investigated language contact phenomena in the speech of first-generation Hungarian Australians living in Sydney. The research aimed to identify and analyze English lexical items borrowed into the spoken Hungarian of first-generation Hungarian–English bilinguals. This research had a mixed methods approach including a quantitative element (count of lexical manifestations by categories such as part of speech and a qualitative element in which the various lexical manifestations have been subjected to a linguistic analysis. The Hungarian National Corpus was used as a reference guide to determine the status of these phenomena in the lexicon of Standard Hungarian. The data were collected through semi-structured sociolinguistic interviews with 22 Hungarian Australians living in Sydney. The findings demonstrate that (a first-generation Hungarians are highly creative language users and integrate a large number of English lexical items into their speech. Most lexical borrowings belong to the derivational blends with the highest proportion of the nominal group. Lexical borrowings from English are morphologically integrated with Hungarian-derivational suffixes and inflectional case markings. This research provides original empirical data to better understand the various inter-language lexical manifestations in Hungarian–English bilingual contexts. The study adds to the relatively small body of research on Hungarian–English bilingualism in diasporic context and contributes to understanding lexical borrowing from a contact linguistic perspective.

Environmental protection and penal law in Greece - a comparison with the German penal code on environmental matters. Der strafrechtliche Umweltschutz in Griechenland unter besonderer Beruecksichtigung des Deutschen Umweltstrafrechts

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Karamanidis, G.

1985-01-01

The first chapter outlines the ecological situation of Greece, while the second chapter presents the legal foundations of environmental protection in Greece. Secondary laws are mentioned, as these are generally the laws in which penal liabilities are stated. The present environmental protection regulations are found to be unsatisfactory and unfit for preventing environmental damage. A new legislative structure is proposed on the basis of German environmental protection standards. (orig./HSCH).

EN BUSCA DE OTRO DERECHO PENAL

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Geovana Andrea Vallejo Jiménez

2011-05-01

Full Text Available Este texto pretende describir algunos de los problemas contemporáneos del derecho penal en Colombia, así como las orientaciones que han asumido las líneas de investigación de los grupos de las universidades Eafit, de Antioquia y de Medellín en la búsqueda de soluciones a estos problemas, y la propuesta que se tiene a partir de la fundamentación de línea de investigación en Derecho Penal en la Institución Universitaria de Envigado.

Cultura Política republicana e o Código Penal de 1890 * Cultura Política republicana y el Código Penal de 1890

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PAULO HENRIQUE MIOTTO DONADELI

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Resumo: O presente artigo buscar estabelecer o conceito de Cultura Política, para compreender a dinâmica da Cultura Política Republicana que se instaurou no Brasil no final do século XIX, como meio de analisar as novas tendências penais da Primeira República (1889-1930, que se codificam no Código Penal de 1890. Ao analisar as condições e contradições desse diploma penal, o artigo convida a fazer uma reflexão sobre a sociedade da época, mostrando que a lei penal é o resultado dos interesses e conflitos que permeia a implantação e consolidação de uma cultural política republicana. A tese central do artigo é mostrar que a elite republicana aproveitou das concepções penais para implantar e justificar mecanismos de repressão e de controle do crime, como uma das formas de dominação e manutenção de poder.Palavras-chave: Cultura Política; República Velha; Direito Penal.Resumen: En este trabajo se busca establecer el concepto de cultura política, para entender la dinámica de la cultura política republicana en Brasil que surgieron a finales del siglo XIX, como una forma de analizar las nuevas tendencias criminales de la Primera República (1889-1930, que están codificadas en el Código Penal de 1890. Al analizar las condiciones y contradicciones de esta ley penal, el artículo llama a una reflexión sobre la sociedad de la época, lo que demuestra que el derecho penal es el resultado de intereses y conflictos que se respira en la implementación y consolidación de una cultura política republicana. La tesis central del artículo es mostrar que la élite republicana aprovechó concepciones penales para implementar y justificar los mecanismos de represión y control de la delincuencia, como una forma de dominación y mantenimiento del poder.Palabras clave: Cultura Política; República Vieja; Derecho Penal.

[Assisted reproduction and artificial insemination and genetic manipulation in the Criminal Code of the Federal District, Mexico].

Science.gov (United States)

Brena Sesma, Ingrid

2004-01-01

The article that one presents has for purpose outline and comment on the recent modifications to the Penal Code for the Federal District of México which establish, for the first time, crimes related to the artificial procreation and to the genetic manipulation. Also one refers to the interaction of the new legal texts with the sanitary legislation of the country. Since it will be stated in some cases they present confrontations between the penal and the sanitary reglamentation and some points related to the legality or unlawfulness of a conduct that stayed without the enough development. These lacks will complicate the application of the new rules of the Penal Code of the Federal District.

Sociolinguistic and Contact-induced Variation in Hungarian Language Use in Subcarpathia, Ukraine

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István Csernicskó

2012-01-01

Full Text Available In addition to showing regional and social variation, the language use of the minority Hungarians of Subcarpathia, Ukraine, also presents a reflection of the region’s complex linguistic history and its effects from contact with Russian and Ukrainian. On the basis of quantitative empirical findings, this study shows Subcarpathian Hungarians to be a sociolinguistically stratified group of speakers whose Hungarian language use varies in a systematic manner according to sex, age, level of education, and place of residence. The paper also outlines some of the main differences in the language use of Hungarians in Subcarpathia and Hungary which are manifested in statistically significant ways.

Sobre la internacionalización de la justicia penal o el derecho penal como instrumento de guerra

OpenAIRE

Ariza Zapata, Daniel

2009-01-01

Hablar de Derecho Penal es, sin lugar a dudas, una labor compleja en la medida en que, como suele ser habitual en el ámbito jurídico, no resulta sencillo delimitar su horizonte de proyección. Dado que la ciencia jurídica se expresa por medio de convenciones lingüísticas, de ella pueden predicarse las mismas falencias y dificultades de que adolecen los términos y las palabras, razón suficiente para advertir que, si se quiere abordar un problema esencial del Derecho Penal en cualquier espacio a...

Justicia penal en el Estado arbitrario. La reforma procesal penal durante el nacionalsocialismo, de Javier Llobet Rodríguez

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Camilo Ernesto Bernal Sarmiento

2012-09-01

Full Text Available La obra del profesor Dr. Javier Llobet Rodríguez, catedrático de la Universidad de Costa Rica y abogado litigante, se inserta en una corriente de trabajos surgidos en los últimos diez años en Alemania, España y Latinoamérica relacionados con la identificación del papel que pudieron haber cumplido el derecho penal y la criminología, lo mismo que sus académicos y operadores judiciales, en el proceso de justificación, legitimación formal y aplicación práctica de la barbarie del régimen nacional socialista que lideró Adolf Hitler. En línea de continuidad con sus trabajos de investigación sobre la presunción de inocencia, la detención preventiva y las garantías procesales, Llobet nos propone en Justicia penal en el Estado arbitrario, la reforma procesal penal durante el nacionalsocialismo, analizar la importancia de las garantías del debido proceso estudiando para ello su antítesis, ejemplificada en la actuación meramente policial y la reforma procesal penal que se llevo a cabo durante el nacionalsocialismo   

ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DO DIREITO PENAL DO INIMIGO DE GÜNTHER JAKOBS

OpenAIRE

Pilati, Rachel Cardoso

2009-01-01

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar criticamente o Direito Penal do inimigo, verificando sua compatibilidade com o Estado Democrático de Direito e o princípio penal do fato. A primeira parte traz um panorama da política criminal atual no Brasil, situa a teoria do Direito Penal do inimigo nesse contexto, e explica a teoria de Jakobs. No segundo tópico, a teoria de Jakobs é analisada criticamente.Palavras-chave: Direito Penal. Inimigo. Jakobs. Estado Democrático de Direito. Princípio Penal d...

Teoría de la inflación penal

OpenAIRE

Carrasco Jiménez, Edison

2016-01-01

[ES]La tesis en cuestión tiene por objeto la proposición de un modelo teórico, explicativo y crítico sobre la presencia del derecho penal en la vida civil, fundado en un concepto de derecho que integre tanto lo formal como lo informal, y sobre todo, en el concepto de inflación penal. Dicha teoría se asienta sobre la hipótesis: Los aumentos o disminuciones de la legislación penal estatal y positiva se encuentran directamente relacionados(as) y dependientes a causas endógenas y exógenas. Son ca...

Hungarian Minority Politics in Post-Socialist Romania: Interests, Strategies, and Discourses

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Toró Tibor

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This paper analyses the integration strategies formulated by the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania and the Hungarian political elite in the post-communist period. It argues that the internal debates of the political community are formulated in a field where other actors (the Hungarian and the Romanian state, political parties, European institutions, etc. carry out their activities, which deeply influences both the chosen strategies and the needed resources for their implementation. Moreover, it questions the monolithic organization of the minority organization, showing that DAHR as the representative of the minority community was shaped by several internal debates and conflicts. Also from 2003 these conflicts have grown beyond the borders of the organization and since 2008 we can follow a whole new type of institutionalization. In achieving this, I introduce three strategies - individual integration, collective integration, and organizational integration - which are chosen by different fragments of the Hungarian minority elite both toward the Hungarian and the Romanian political sphere. Throughout the 1989-2012 period, the outcome of the conflict between the supporters of these strategies is deeply influenced by the policies of the two states.

Translating Shakespeare for the Hungarian Stage: Contemporary Perspectives

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Bálint Szele

2016-01-01

Full Text Available This paper presents trends in today’s Shakespeare translation in Hungary based on interviews with Hungarian translators and scholars. Instead of a collection of names and dates of translators and translations, it focuses on the organic development of Hungarian Shakespeare translation, which has been going on for more than two hundred years, and tries to fit new developments into the tradition of translating Shakespeare in a theoretical framework. “Hungarian Shakespeare,” now seen as a broad collection of Hungarian translations and adaptations, lives on, is kept alive in theaters, but it is undergoing a process of simplification. It was very hard work to do away with the forced prudishness and mannerism of the nineteenth century Shakespeare translations. After World War II, during the dominance of Communist culture, it was not allowed for several translations of Shakespeare to co-exist, so a politically appointed committee was set up to decide which one fit into the official canon. Only the selected texts could be printed and used in performances. After the political changes in Hungary in 1989, there was an upsurge of interest in Shakespeare, and since the 1990s there has been an unprecedented plurality of Shakespeare translations. I aim to examine the processes that led to the development of today’s easy-to-understand and naturalistic translations, and to the abandonment of century-old classical ones.

POPULISM AS A DISCOURSE OF HUNGARIAN ELITES

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A. Bozóki

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Since the end of the 19th century populist movements emerged as significant actors of the Hungarian politics. The attempts to assess populism appeared to be as ambiguous, as the attempts by politicians and pundits to describe it. The study of its development demonstrates that it is not linked to the traditional division between left and right, but represents dissatisfaction with the established elites in the society. The article considers changing nature of Hungarian populism on different stages of national history. Specific attention is devoted to the content and value of populist policies in the current Hungary.

El consentimiento en materia penal

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Camilo Iván Machado Rodríguez

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Se plantea un estudio de las diferentes posturas dogmáticas que se han suscitado en la doctrina jurídico-penal en torno a la relevancia del instituto del consentimiento, como su regulación, recorriendo las legislaciones penales española, alemana, italiana y colombiana. Así mismo, se toman en consideración las recientes posturas, en donde se entiende el consentimiento como un supuesto de autopuesta en peligro, o como uno de heteropuesta en peligro de la víctima. Se propone un entendimiento de la figura desde la óptica de la teoría de la imputación objetiva, y para ello se incluye el consentimiento como causa de ausencia de la imputación objetiva.

On the decennium of penal order procedure in Serbia

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Brkić Snežana

2011-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper, the author defines the notion and explains the penal order procedure and its general characteristics. It is one of the special simplified criminal proceedings, which has got special basis and special structure. This procedural form is ultimately aimed at the rationalization of the criminal procedure. It is achieved by avoiding the main hearing in the trial proceeding. The author presents the evolution of the penal order in Serbia from 2001 to 2011. He points to some legal innovations in this field during that decennium. He compares old and new legal provisions about penal order and finds some differences. There is a constant tendency to expanding the area of criminal offences which can be judged in this procedural form. New legal provisions are, in general, better than previous. However, the practice has shown that application of penal order is too small. The previous practice does not live up to expectations of theory and legislator.

A New Adaptive Hungarian Mating Scheme in Genetic Algorithms

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Chanju Jung

2016-01-01

Full Text Available In genetic algorithms, selection or mating scheme is one of the important operations. In this paper, we suggest an adaptive mating scheme using previously suggested Hungarian mating schemes. Hungarian mating schemes consist of maximizing the sum of mating distances, minimizing the sum, and random matching. We propose an algorithm to elect one of these Hungarian mating schemes. Every mated pair of solutions has to vote for the next generation mating scheme. The distance between parents and the distance between parent and offspring are considered when they vote. Well-known combinatorial optimization problems, the traveling salesperson problem, and the graph bisection problem are used for the test bed of our method. Our adaptive strategy showed better results than not only pure and previous hybrid schemes but also existing distance-based mating schemes.

A eutanásia na visão do garantismo penal

OpenAIRE

Reicher, Regina Maria

2005-01-01

Num cotejo entre a eutanásia e o garantismo de Luigi Ferrajoli, quanto à proibição penal, os princípios da lesividade e necessidade, e o direito penal mínimo, este estudo faz uma projeção sobre as principais conseqüências desse comportamento em matéria penal, notadamente quanto à sua repercussão sobre o princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana, que é corolário lógico do Estado Democrático de Direito. Não se justifica, no modelo de direito penal mínimo propugnado pelo garantismo, a penalizaç...

Bayesian inference of genetic parameters on litter size and gestation length in Hungarian Landrace and Hungarian Large White pigs

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Zoltán Csörnyei

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Genetic parameters of number of piglets born alive (NBA and gestation length (GL were analyzed for 39798 Hungarian Landrace (HLA, 141397 records and 70356 Hungarian Large White (HLW, 246961 records sows. Bivariate repeatability animal models were used, applying a Bayesian statistics. Estimated and heritabilitie repeatabilities (within brackets, were low for NBA, 0.07 (0.14 for HLA and 0.08 (0.17 for HLW, but somewhat higher for GL, 0.18 (0.27 for HLA and 0.26 (0.35 for HLW. Estimated genetic correlations between NBA and GL were low, -0.08 for HLA and -0.05 for HLW.

Penalized variable selection in competing risks regression.

Science.gov (United States)

Fu, Zhixuan; Parikh, Chirag R; Zhou, Bingqing

2017-07-01

Penalized variable selection methods have been extensively studied for standard time-to-event data. Such methods cannot be directly applied when subjects are at risk of multiple mutually exclusive events, known as competing risks. The proportional subdistribution hazard (PSH) model proposed by Fine and Gray (J Am Stat Assoc 94:496-509, 1999) has become a popular semi-parametric model for time-to-event data with competing risks. It allows for direct assessment of covariate effects on the cumulative incidence function. In this paper, we propose a general penalized variable selection strategy that simultaneously handles variable selection and parameter estimation in the PSH model. We rigorously establish the asymptotic properties of the proposed penalized estimators and modify the coordinate descent algorithm for implementation. Simulation studies are conducted to demonstrate the good performance of the proposed method. Data from deceased donor kidney transplants from the United Network of Organ Sharing illustrate the utility of the proposed method.

The Outsider Within: Béla Tarr and Hungarian National Cinema

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Lilla Tőke

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Béla Tarr is probably the most paradoxical figure in contemporary Hungarian cinema. His artistic trajectory shows a movement from documentary style realism (Family Nest, 1979 towards more modernist cinematic practices (Satan’s Tango, 1994, Werckmeister Harmonies, 2000, and The Man from London, 2007. A major celebrity in the global film culture that prides itself in being transnational, international, and in crossing linguistic and ethnic boundaries, Tarr has consistently found himself on the fringes of the Hungarian cultural and political establishment. In this study Tőke considers Tarr’s films and public persona as catalysts in the debates about what constitutes “Hungarian cinema” in a globalizing world from the 1970s until today.

[Motivations for foreign employment and carrier change among Hungarian physiotherapists].

Science.gov (United States)

Pónusz, Róbert; Kovács, Dalma; Raposa, László Bence; Hock, Márta; Decsi, Tamás; Kránicz, János; Endrei, Dóra

2016-02-28

An increasing motivation can be experienced among professional workers within the Hungarian healthcare system towards foreign employment or career change. The aim of the authors was to assess Hungarian physiotherapists' migration and career changing behaviour and to understand the underlying factors. A national survey in Hungary from April to August, 2014 was performed. Only physiotherapists who practice in Hungary were included (n = 215). The results suggest that age (pappreciation experienced in the workplace (pappreciated, are 55 times more likely to search for employment outside the country's borders [OR = 55.28 CI (95%) = 18.85 to 161.12]. The most common causes for that are unfavourable financial (pappreciation of the profession within the Hungarian healthcare system.

Development of the security system of the new Hungarian banknotes

Science.gov (United States)

Peterfi, Sandor

2000-04-01

The more than 75 year old Hungarian Banknote Printing Corporation is an enterprise with a rich history. It is located in the very center of the capital, only some blocks away form the Parliament. Most people on this side of the Atlantic may not even have heard about the Hungarian currency, the Forint. Some may remember that after the WWII it was Hungary, where the severest hyperinflation in the world took place. As we come from a manufacturing company , we can give you information about deliberation and experiences of application of optically variable features on banknotes and some observations made in the past two years since the new Hungarian bank note series is ins circulation.

Reflections on the Status of Hungarian Loanwords in Old Romanian Translations

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Pál Enikő

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Translation has always been important for religion as a way of preaching God's word. The first Romanian translations of religious texts, including the first (although incomplete translation of the Bible, date from the sixteenth century. In this early period of Romanian writing, Romanian translators encountered several problems in conveying the meaning of these texts of a great complexity. Some of the difficulties were due to the source texts available in the epoch, others to the ideal of literal translation, to the principle of legitimacy or to the relatively poor development of Romanian language which limited the translators' options. The present study focuses on the causes and purposes for which lexical items of Hungarian origin interweave old Romanian translations. In this epoch, Hungarian influence was favoured by a complex of political, legal, administrative and socioculturel factors, sometimes even forced by these circumstances. On the one hand, given the premises of vivid contacts between Romanians and Hungarians in the regions where the old Romanian translations (or their originals can be located, a number of Hungarian loanwords of folk origin penetrated these texts. On the other hand, when using Hungarian sources, translators have imported useful source language caiques and loanwords, which have enriched Romanian language.

The stigmatization of obesity among Gypsy and Hungarian children.

Science.gov (United States)

Papp, Ildikó; Túry, Ferenc

2013-06-01

Prejudice against obese people has been widely confirmed in scientific papers. Therefore, recent studies have increasingly focused on investigating the individual and cultural factors related to attitudes towards obesity. Since there have been no comparative studies involving Gypsy people, our present research aimed at exploring the possible discrepancies in children's attitudes towards obese children between Gypsy and Hungarian cultures. Our survey included 247 children aged 9-16 (108 boys and 139 girls), of which 136 considered themselves Hungarian (55.1 %), while 111 children (44.9 %) claimed themselves as Gypsy. The subjects were asked to rank six male and six female figure drawings according to their preference. Each sequence of figure drawings included a healthy child, an obese child, and four drawings depicted children with disabilities. According to our results, the drawings portraying the healthy child figure were rated most preferable and those portraying the obese child figure the least preferable amongst the subjects regardless of gender and origin. However, the obese girl figures and boy figures were rated significantly more positively by Gypsy children than Hungarian children. Our results suggest that there is a difference in attitude towards obesity among Gypsy and Hungarian children. Therefore, it is worthwhile to further explore this phenomenon.

Brahms J. Hungarian Dances. London Symphony Orchestra, Neeme Järvi / Jonathan Swain

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Swain, Jonathan

1991-01-01

Uuest heliplaadist "Brahms J. Hungarian Dances. London Symphony Orchestra, Neeme Järvi. Chandos MC ABTD 1496; CD CHAN 8885 (57 minutes). Brahms J. Hungarian Dances. Staatskapelle Berlin. Otmar Suitner." Denon CD CO- 74597 (53 minutes)

The New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian Idioms and Proverbs

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Bárdosi Vilmos

2017-01-01

Full Text Available After briefly surveying the research carried out in Hungary on the origin of sayings, proverbs and adages, this paper introduces and exemplifies the way the new Hungarian phraseological etymological dictionary has been compiled. It subsequently presents excerpts from the dictionary that will expound on the origin of 1800 set phrases and statistically analyses the linguistic, cultural-historical, historical, literary, ethnographic and intercultural background of the Hungarian set phrases included in the dictionary.

LA CARGA DINÁMICA PROBATORIA Y SU REPERCUSIÓN EN EL PROCESO PENAL DESDE LAS REGLAS DE MALLORCA Y LA TEORÍA DEL GARANTISMO PENAL

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Sebastián Betancourt Restrepo

2010-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo pretende hacer algunos cuestionamientos en torno a la implementación de la teoría de la carga dinámica de la prueba en la actuación penal, a partir de los elementos brindados por las Reglas de Mallorca y la teoría del garantismo penal, defendida por el profesor Luigi Ferrajoli en Italia, y en Argentina por el profesor Adolfo Alvarado Velloso, desde la perspectiva de una sistemática procesal penal, reconocedora de garantías universales como el debido proceso.

LA CARGA DINÁMICA PROBATORIA Y SU REPERCUSIÓN EN EL PROCESO PENAL DESDE LAS REGLAS DE MALLORCA Y LA TEORÍA DEL GARANTISMO PENAL

OpenAIRE

Sebastián Betancourt Restrepo

2010-01-01

El presente artículo pretende hacer algunos cuestionamientos en torno a la implementación de la teoría de la carga dinámica de la prueba en la actuación penal, a partir de los elementos brindados por las Reglas de Mallorca y la teoría del garantismo penal, defendida por el profesor Luigi Ferrajoli en Italia, y en Argentina por el profesor Adolfo Alvarado Velloso, desde la perspectiva de una sistemática procesal penal, reconocedora de garantías universales como el debido proceso.

Comparative Analysis for Robust Penalized Spline Smoothing Methods

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Bin Wang

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Smoothing noisy data is commonly encountered in engineering domain, and currently robust penalized regression spline models are perceived to be the most promising methods for coping with this issue, due to their flexibilities in capturing the nonlinear trends in the data and effectively alleviating the disturbance from the outliers. Against such a background, this paper conducts a thoroughly comparative analysis of two popular robust smoothing techniques, the M-type estimator and S-estimation for penalized regression splines, both of which are reelaborated starting from their origins, with their derivation process reformulated and the corresponding algorithms reorganized under a unified framework. Performances of these two estimators are thoroughly evaluated from the aspects of fitting accuracy, robustness, and execution time upon the MATLAB platform. Elaborately comparative experiments demonstrate that robust penalized spline smoothing methods possess the capability of resistance to the noise effect compared with the nonrobust penalized LS spline regression method. Furthermore, the M-estimator exerts stable performance only for the observations with moderate perturbation error, whereas the S-estimator behaves fairly well even for heavily contaminated observations, but consuming more execution time. These findings can be served as guidance to the selection of appropriate approach for smoothing the noisy data.

Prácticas de control socio-penal dispositivo psi pericial y adolescentes mujeres en el Sistema Penal Juvenil Uruguayo /

OpenAIRE

López Gallego, Laura

2016-01-01

La presente tesis doctoral "Prácticas de Control Socio-Penal. Dispositivo Psi Pericial y Adolescentes Mujeres en el Sistema Penal Juvenil Uruguayo" se sitúa en una perspectiva analítica que articula postulados de la Psicología Social Crítica y las Epistemologías Feministas, junto con aportes criminológicos provenientes de la Criminología Crítica y la Criminología Feminista. Los itinerarios de investigación producidos en esta tesis doctoral se descomponen en dos proyectos de investigación. Uno...

¿ES LEGÍTIMA LA PROTECCIÓN PENAL DE LOS DERECHOS MORALES DE AUTOR?

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César Alejandro Osorio Moreno

2010-11-01

Full Text Available En el contexto del derecho penal moderno y desde una perspectiva comparada entre el derecho penal español y el derecho penal colombiano en cuanto a la protección penal de los derechos morales de autor, se pone en discusión si es necesaria la intervención penal o no, a partir de cuestionar si en verdad se protege un bien jurídico relevante que ameritaría el mecanismo de control social más grave del que dispone el Estado que es el derecho penal, o cómo se planteará, si a partir de la protección de los derechos patrimoniales de autor se cobijan los morales tal como acontece en España en la actualidad.

Juridical-penal aspects of the cesium-137 accident

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Soares, Carolina Chaves

1997-01-01

The study of the juridical-penal aspects of the Cesium-137 accident, has, as a base, the police inquiry and the penal lawsuit concerning to the episode. Due to the lack of a law which typified activities related with radioisotope material as crime, the responsible were sentenced according to the penalties of body injury crime and homicide. Among the 10 investigated people, only 5 were condemned by the Judiciary and only 4 serve the sentence. (author)

EL TERRORISMO EN EL CÓDIGO PENAL COLOMBIANO

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Henry Torres Vásquez

2009-06-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo se intenta de manera general abordar el terrorismo desde el punto de vista puramente legal, doctrinal y jurisprudencial. En Colombia es necesario y en ello radica este aporte, generar discusión jurídica respecto a la implementación de los delitos de terrorismo. Aquí se pretende puntualizar los tipos penales nuestros y se estudian algunos aspectos imbricados en los mismos, sin que ello sea un aspecto formal y dogmático, sino que alcontrario, es un análisis a la luz de las actuales interpretaciones sobre el terrorismo, lo cual no obsta para hacer algunos muy breves comentarios al respecto. Los elementos constitutivos de los bienes jurídicos Seguridad Pública y Derecho internacional Humanitario son analizados junto a los ingredientes normativos de los dos tipos penales estipulados en nuestro código penal.

Innovation and Internationalization of Hungarian SMEs in the IT Industry

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Csonka László

2014-10-01

Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to look at the extent and type of internationalization among Hungarian information technology (IT small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs and the possible relationship between the degree of innovativeness and the internationalization of these companies. Information technologies play an important role in the Hungarian economy: this sector is one of the most R&D intensive industries in which many SMEs are active.

Cyberprotests and the (penal code Ciberaprotestas y código (penal

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Edición Activismo y Movimientos sociales

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Given the current turmoil of demonstrations and social protests that use Internet social networks as means of dissemination and organization, it seems Westerns governments are testing or trying to develop new measures of social control via modification of their legal codes. This article explores the situation of Spain in this respect, through four short interviews with communication and new media professionals: Elvira Huelbes (Journalist at Cuarto Poder, Jaime Pastor (Political Sciencies Professor in UNED, Javier de la Cueva (Lawyer specialized in ICTand Miguel Romero (Editor of Viento Sur.Las amplias y aceleradas transformaciones sociales y tecnológicas sucedidas de las últimas décadas están produciendo en la coyuntura de crisis importantes reacomodos globales en los sistemas productivos que empiezan a tener efectos políticos en la institucionalidad democrática configurada desde la posguerra europea. Parece emerger un ciclo de contestación con un sensible aumento de las movilizaciones en un número crecientes de países, en el que las redes sociales telemáticas contribuyen a un aumento de la capacidad de difusión y coordinación de unos movimientos sociales que, con su trabajo en red diversifican, repertorios de protestas y propuestas de alcance transnacional.

Advanced colorectal neoplasia risk stratification by penalized logistic regression.

Science.gov (United States)

Lin, Yunzhi; Yu, Menggang; Wang, Sijian; Chappell, Richard; Imperiale, Thomas F

2016-08-01

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of death from cancer in the United States. To facilitate the efficiency of colorectal cancer screening, there is a need to stratify risk for colorectal cancer among the 90% of US residents who are considered "average risk." In this article, we investigate such risk stratification rules for advanced colorectal neoplasia (colorectal cancer and advanced, precancerous polyps). We use a recently completed large cohort study of subjects who underwent a first screening colonoscopy. Logistic regression models have been used in the literature to estimate the risk of advanced colorectal neoplasia based on quantifiable risk factors. However, logistic regression may be prone to overfitting and instability in variable selection. Since most of the risk factors in our study have several categories, it was tempting to collapse these categories into fewer risk groups. We propose a penalized logistic regression method that automatically and simultaneously selects variables, groups categories, and estimates their coefficients by penalizing the [Formula: see text]-norm of both the coefficients and their differences. Hence, it encourages sparsity in the categories, i.e. grouping of the categories, and sparsity in the variables, i.e. variable selection. We apply the penalized logistic regression method to our data. The important variables are selected, with close categories simultaneously grouped, by penalized regression models with and without the interactions terms. The models are validated with 10-fold cross-validation. The receiver operating characteristic curves of the penalized regression models dominate the receiver operating characteristic curve of naive logistic regressions, indicating a superior discriminative performance. © The Author(s) 2013.

The Hungarian car insurance cartel saga

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cseres, K.J.; Szilágyi, P.; Rodger, B.

2013-01-01

his chapter discusses the landmark Hungarian case relating to the car insurance and repair markets, which involved both vertical and horizontal agreements. The case concerned the horizontal relationship between Hungary’s two largest insurance companies and their vertical relationships with car

The new system of the talent development program in Hungarian soccer

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Csáki István

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Study aim: due to a series of failures and the drastic reduction in the quality of Hungarian soccer, greater emphasis should be put on coaches’ professional development and talent development programs. The aim of this study was to present the newly established Hungarian Soccer Development Program that focuses on the development of youth talent.

¿Es el plagio una conducta reprimida por el derecho penal?

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Ernesto Rengifo García

2010-11-01

Full Text Available ¿Será que el mensaje de la Sala Penal de la Corte Suprema es el de no activar la última ratio del sistema legal con conductas que deben ser materia de la jurisdicción civil, pero eso sí dependiendo de quién las acometa o ejecute? (se recuerda que el caso en análisis envuelve a una profesora universitaria y ¿será que la dificultad teórica y práctica de adecuación de la conducta a los tipos penales relacionados con el derecho de autor, hace que el derecho penal no sea el instrumento institucional más idóneo para reprimir la infracción a los derechos de esa particular área jurídica? La respuesta a estos interrogantes deben ser el comienzo para pensar o repensar si ese expansionismo del derecho penal que ha llegado al campo de la propiedad intelectual vale la pena revisarlo y mantenerlo. Señalaba Cesare Becaría: “Lo que impide el crimen, no es la cantidad de reprimendas penales, sino la garantía de su punición”. Si no hay certeza o garantía en el castigo, ¿valdrá la pena recurrir a la aplicación judicial de esos tipos penales?, este artículo busca abrir la discusión en este punto.

¿Es el plagio una conducta reprimida por el derecho penal?

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Ernesto Rengifo García

2010-11-01

Full Text Available ¿Será que el mensaje de la Sala Penal de la Corte Suprema es el de no activar la ultima ratio del sistema legal con conductas que deben ser materia de la jurisdicción civil, pero eso sí dependiendo de quien las acometa o ejecute? (se recuerda que el caso en análisis envuelve a una profesora universitaria, y ¿será que la dificultad teórica y práctica de adecuación de la conducta a los tipos penales relacionados con el derecho de autor hará que el derecho penal no sea el instrumento institucional más idóneo para reprimir la infracción a los derechos de esa particular área jurídica? La respuesta a estos interrogantes deben ser el comienzo para pensar o repensar si ese expansionismo del derecho penal que ha llegado al campo de la propiedad intelectual vale la pena revisarlo y mantenerlo. Señalaba Cesare Becaría: “Lo que impide el crimen, no es la cantidad de reprimendas penales, sino la garantía de su punición”. Si no hay certeza o garantía en el castigo, ¿valdrá la pena recurrir a la aplicación judicial de esos tipos penales? Este artículo busca abrir la discusión en este punto.

The fate of Hungarian Jewish dermatologists during the Holocaust: Part 2: Under Nazi rule.

Science.gov (United States)

Bock, Julia; Burgdorf, Walter H C; Hoenig, Leonard J; Parish, Lawrence Charles

At least 564,500 Hungarian Jews perished during the Holocaust, including many physicians. Exactly how many Jewish dermatologists were killed is not known. We have identified 62 Hungarian Jewish dermatologists from this period: 19 of these dermatologists died in concentration camps or were shot in Hungary, 3 committed suicide, and 1 died shortly after the Holocaust, exhausted by the War. Fortunately, many Hungarian Jewish dermatologists survived the Holocaust. Some had fled Europe before the Nazi takeover, as was described in Part 1 of this contribution. Two Holocaust survivors, Ferenc Földvári and Ödön Rajka, became presidents of the Hungarian Dermatologic Society and helped rebuild the profession of dermatology in Hungary after the War. This contribution provides one of the first accounts of the fate of Hungarian Jewish dermatologists during the Holocaust and serves as a remembrance of their suffering and ordeal. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Some spiders (Araneae new to the Hungarian fauna, including three genera and one famil

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Pfliegler, W.

2012-12-01

Full Text Available We report the occurrence of new species of spiders to Hungary: Acantholycosa lignaria (Clerck, 1758, Episinus maculipes Cavanna, 1876, Oecobius maculatus Simon, 1870 and Pandava laminata (Thorell, 1878. We also report Clubiona neglecta O. P.-Cambridge, 1862 (previously only mentioned in a table in a Hungarian-language dissertation. The genus Acantholycosa (Dahl, 1908 was hitherto unknown in Hungary, yet expected to occur. The family Oecobiidae Blackwall, 1862 is new to the Hungarian fauna. The Southeast-Asian neozoon Pandava laminata is also recorded as new to Hungary. All further species found to be new to the Hungarian fauna or described in Hungary after the most recent publication of a Hungarian spider checklist are briefly mentioned.

El pensamiento alemán en el derecho penal argentino

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Guido L. Croxatto

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este ensayo es abordar desde una perspectiva histórica la influencia del pensamiento alemán (la filosofía alemana, la dogmática alemana en el derecho penal argentino, rescatando la forma en que distintos teóricos alemanes fueron leídos y receptados en Argentina. Se pretende pensar la codificación penal argentina como un diálogo – muchas veces como una mera recepción acrítica – entre los juristas y codificadores latinoamericanos y los pensadores alemanes, en sus distintas vertientes y etapas históricas. Se analizan distintos debates –como la polémica entre el causalismo y el finalismo- tanto por la forma en que se sucedieron en Alemania, como por la forma en que se dieron en Argentina (el debate causalismo-finalismo se sucedió en los complejos años setenta en Argentina, tomando en cuenta sobretodo los contextos políticos en que surgieron esas polémicas; qué significado tuvieron estas discusiones – y qué significaba asumir determinadas posiciones – en función de los contextos políticos donde se evidenciaron. De este modo se espera trazar un panorama de la discusión actual en el derecho penal argentino, haciendo énfasis en el análisis histórico de las problemáticas que aún enfrenta el Derecho Penal, tratando de generar, al mismo tiempo, un pensamiento penal crítico, consciente – pero no rehén – de las influencias provenientes de Europa, es decir, un pensamiento penal crítico que tome en cuenta las particulares condiciones sociales e históricas de la región en que se aplica el Derecho.

A Penalization-Gradient Algorithm for Variational Inequalities

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Abdellatif Moudafi

2011-01-01

Full Text Available This paper is concerned with the study of a penalization-gradient algorithm for solving variational inequalities, namely, find x̅∈C such that 〈Ax̅,y-x̅〉≥0 for all y∈C, where A:H→H is a single-valued operator, C is a closed convex set of a real Hilbert space H. Given Ψ:H→R  ∪  {+∞} which acts as a penalization function with respect to the constraint x̅∈C, and a penalization parameter βk, we consider an algorithm which alternates a proximal step with respect to ∂Ψ and a gradient step with respect to A and reads as xk=(I+λkβk∂Ψ-1(xk-1-λkAxk-1. Under mild hypotheses, we obtain weak convergence for an inverse strongly monotone operator and strong convergence for a Lipschitz continuous and strongly monotone operator. Applications to hierarchical minimization and fixed-point problems are also given and the multivalued case is reached by replacing the multivalued operator by its Yosida approximate which is always Lipschitz continuous.

Linguistic Representation of Emotions in Japanese and Hungarian: Quantity and Abstractness

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Márton SZEMEREY

2012-05-01

Full Text Available In the present paper, two linguistic aspects of emotion expression are studied in the form they are performed in present day Japanese and Hungarian. After a brief summary on the recent emotional researches connected to Japanese culture and language, the concept of Linguistic Category Model is introduced. The quantitative study presented afterwards investigates emotion expression in terms of amount and abstraction. Translations were used for comparison and the results showed that 1 Japanese tend to use less explicit emotion terms compared to Hungarians and 2 emotion language in Japanese is characterized by the choice of less abstract phrases compared to Hungarian. These findings are discussed in the light of their relevance to former researches of cross-cultural psychology and linguistics.

Research on Relative Age in Hungarian Swimming

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Nagy Nikoletta

2015-12-01

Full Text Available In 2017, the 19th World Swimming Championship will be organized in Hungary. Up to now, many people have already been working with swimmers to achieve good results. However, in the next period they must work even harder to ensure that the national swimmers of a country as small as Hungary can achieve the outstanding results of their predecessors. Since high-level competitions in swimming have become more intense, innovations including scientific studies are needed during preparation for the event. The purpose of this paper is to present the major results of an independent study carried out by the authors about the relative age of the best Hungarian swimmers with the aim of contributing to their preparation. The research population consisted of selected age groups of swimmers registered by the Hungarian Swimming Association (N=400. The method for data collection was an analysis of documents. To evaluate the data, the Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used. The results are presented according to the period of the competitor’s date of birth, gender, and age group. The results confirm only partly the hypothesis that people born in the first quarters of the year play a dominant role in Hungarian national swimming teams. In the conclusion, the authors recommend further research on relative age in swimming and in other sports.

To What Extent are Domestic Penal Laws Retroactive for Crime ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Nafiisah

Hard or soft law most countries have at least a piece of statutory enactment, which provides for the non-retroactivity of penal law. Non retroactivity of penal laws also forms part of fundamental rights of the citizens in the Constitution, the supreme law of the country of the Republic of Mauritius which provide in its section 10(4).

Direito penal na era global: garantismo positivo ajustado ao garantismo negativo

OpenAIRE

Gomes, Thiago Quintas

2009-01-01

Esta dissertação faz análise da complexa sociedade do pós-industrial, hedonista, de massa e relações objetivas, denominada sociedade de risco, e qual deve ser a postura do direito penal diante dos novos interesses, difusos e coletivos, de um mundo globalizado. O direito penal deve estar preparado para lidar com esta nova realidade, o que significa a adoção de uma nova dogmática jurídica-penal na proteção dos bens meta-individuais (direitos humanos de 3ª dimensão), porém conformada com o...

Responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídicas

OpenAIRE

Montes Castro, Claudia Marcela

2013-01-01

La responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídicas es un tema que adquiere cada vez mayor relevancia en una sociedad que sufre constantes cambios, y en la que se perfeccionan cada vez más las formas de cometer delitos. En el presente trabajo se realiza el estudio sobre la evolución de la figura de la responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídicas, abarcando desde el derecho romano hasta nuestros días. En el desarrollo del mismo, se expone el recorrido a través de las diferentes alternativas ...

Maritime environmental penal law. International and German legislation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Eller, Jan Frederik

2017-01-01

The book on maritime environmental penal law discusses the following issues: part I: introduction into the importance of oceanic environment and its thread, requirement of protective measures,; part II: focus of the study and terminology: oceanic pollution, maritime environmental legislation, international legislation; part 3: international legislative regulations concerning the protection of maritime environment: avoidance of environmental pollution, maritime legislative agreements, existing protective institutions; part 4: state penal power concerning maritime environmental protection; part 5: statutory offense according to German legislation; perspectives for regulations concerning criminal acts on sea.

Twenty years of isotope applications in the Hungarian aluminium industry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bujdoso, E.

1982-01-01

After a short review of the isotope techniques applied in the Hungarian aluminium industry some special applications and their results are briefly outlined. Industrial and laboratory scale trace constituent determinations, isotope and activation analytical methods and the application of sealed radiation sources are discussed. It has been shown that the related R+D activity followed closely the development trends of the aluminium industry. The references given is a comprehensive bibliography of Hungarian publications in this field. (author)

The Greek charter of the Hungarian King Stephen I

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Stojkovski Boris

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The first Hungarian Christian ruler, King Stephen I (997-1038 issued several charters that have survived to this day. One of them is the charter issued on behalf of the nuns from the Monastery of the Holy Theotokos in Veszprémvölgy. The charter was written in the Greek language, and has been the subject of many studies. The original has not been preserved; what remains is a copy from the time of King Coloman, dated to 1109. The charter has not been published in a critical edition in any language other than Hungarian and even though it has been examined by numerous Hungarian scholars, many questions remain open. The aim of the author is to provide a critical edition and an English translation of the charter, but also to clarify some remaining doubts about the charter and its contents. Furthermore, some comparisons will be made with the Byzantine charters issued at the beginning of the 11th and during the 12th century.

The First Steps to a New Comprehensive Slovenian-Hungarian Dictionary: The Analysis of Relevant Bilingual Resources

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Júlia Bálint Čeh

2018-01-01

Full Text Available The paper presents the analysis of existing bilingual Slovenian-Hungarian dictionaries, which was made as part of the project aiming to design a concept for a new comprehensive Slovenian-Hungarian dictionary. First, a short historical overview of Slovenian-Hungarian lexicography is provided, including first collections of dialect vocabulary, glossaries, and collections and dictionaries of idioms. Then, an overview of Slovenian-Hungarian and Hungarian-Slovenian dictionaries is made, the first one being published in 1961. The paper then focuses on a comparison on three Slovenian-Hungarian dictionaries, which are currently used by majority of users, namely Slovenian-Hungarian part of the dictionary by Elizabeta Bernjak (1995, Slovenian-Hungarian dictionary by Jože Hradil (1996, and Slovenian-Hungarian part of the Hradil’s bidirectional dictionary. The dictionaries are compared in terms of size, headword list, coverage, headword presentation, grammar information, as well as in terms of other elements of dictionary microstructure such as translations and examples. The discussion section includes an analysis of the coverage offered by the dictionaries of the vocabulary compilled by teachers at bilingual schools in Prekmurje. The results indicate that the coverage of various levels of vocabulary, frequent or rare, is rather poor; as dictionaries are medium-sized and outdated, this is to be expected, however as the analysis shows, some basic concepts are also often not covered (e.g. research, death, allergy. The second part of the discussion is dedicated to the presentation of selected examples of good practice in bilingual lexicography, such as Comprehensive English-Slovenian dictionary Oxford-DZS as the first bilingual dictionary in Slovenia to use the corpus-based approach, as well as offer much more contextual information on the headwords. Also presented are English-Spanish online dictionaries by Oxford University Press and Collins, the focus

Long memory in the Croatian and Hungarian stock market returns

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Silvo Dajčman

2012-06-01

Full Text Available The objective of this paper is to analyze and compare the fractal structure of the Croatian and Hungarian stock market returns. The presence of long memory components in asset returns provides evidence against the weak-form of stock market efficiency. The starting working hypothesis that there is no long memory in the Croatian and Hungarian stock market returns is tested by applying the Kwiatkowski-Phillips-Schmidt-Shin (KPSS (1992 test, Lo’s (1991 modified rescaled range (R/S test, and the wavelet ordinary least squares (WOLS estimator of Jensen (1999. The research showed that the WOLS estimator may lead to different conclusions regarding long memory presence in the stock returns from the KPSS and unit root tests or Lo’s R/S test. Furthermore, it proved that the fractal structure of individual stock returns may be masked in aggregated stock market returns (i.e. in returns of stock index. The main finding of the paper is that both the Croatian stock index Crobex and individual stocks in this index exhibit long memory. Long memory is identified for some stocks in the Hungarian stock market as well, but not for the stock market index BUX. Based on the results of the long memory tests, it can be concluded that while the Hungarian stock market is weakform efficient, the Croatian stock market is not.

The interdependencies of bilingual behaviour. Psycholinguistic and sociolinguistic profile of Hungarian-Romanian bilinguals

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Erika-Mária Tódor

2015-07-01

Full Text Available This paper presents the specific features of a school population in Romania for whom Romanian is a non-native language, their mother tongue being Hungarian. The first part of the study offers a description of the main characteristics of the verbal behaviour of this bilingual population. The first subheading will discuss, on the one hand, the linguistic profile of the subjects (linguistic interference, linguistic pseudo-creativity etc. and, on the other hand, it will present the main aspects of the socio-affective dimension of verbal behaviour (such as communicational anguish, displacement of communicational intention, linguistic code switching etc.. Practically, these features can be followed in the case of other bi(multilingual speakers as well. The second part of the paper presents certain lexical and semantic interference and vocabulary activating habits in the case of bilingual persons, relating them to the linguistic context and the linguistic landscape.The formulated data and observations represent a synthesis of empirical research carried out between 2000–2013 through different methods, such as: observation, case studies (within the context of the data referring to the profile of language behaviour, structured interviews and questionnaires (employed in the study of the linguistic landscape. The main aim of this study is to offer a socio- and psycholinguistic profile of Hungarian-Romanian bilingualism set in a holistic context.

Early Morphological Productivity in Hungarian: Evidence from Sentence Repetition and Elicited Production

Science.gov (United States)

Gabor, Balint; Lukacs, Agnes

2012-01-01

This paper investigates early productivity of morpheme use in Hungarian children aged between 2 ; 1 and 5 ; 3. Hungarian has a rich morphology which is the core marker of grammatical functions. A new method is introduced using the novel word paradigm in a sentence repetition task with masked inflections (i.e. a disguised elicited production task).…

Hollywood on the Danube: Hungarian Filmmakers in a Transnational Context

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Catherine Portuges

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Exile, emigration and displacement have marked the trajectories of Hungarian filmmakers over the past century. Michael Curtiz, the Korda brothers—Alexander, Vincent and Zoltán—André de Toth, Emeric Pressburger, Vilmos Zsigmond, Miklós Rózsa, Peter Lorre, Géza von Radvány and other talented artists have crossed borders, cultures and languages, creating such classics as Casablanca, Somewhere in Europe, The Red Shoes and The Lost One. The legendary sign posted in Hollywood studios read: "It is not enough to be Hungarian, you have to have talent, too!" Accompanied by film extracts, rare footage, personal interviews, archive photographs, and documentary materials, my presentation explores the transnational odysseys of these Hungarian directors, producers, cinematographers, composers, actors and screenwriters whose artistic contributions became an indispensable part of international cinema, suggesting that the challenges of emigration may also offer opportunities for critique, self-examination and artistic creativity.

Cooperación internacional en materia penal en el MERCOSUR: el cibercrimen

OpenAIRE

Santiago Deluca; Enrique Del Carril

2017-01-01

En el Mercosur no existe un derecho penal común, no obstante observarse una creciente corriente orientada a la adopción de normas generales de política criminal tendiente a combatir diversos actos delictivos. Ello se cristaliza en la creación de normas de cooperación internacional en materia penal, con el objeto de lograr la asimilación y adecuación “macro” de las legislaciones penales de los Estados Parte. Es justo reconocer que en este trabajo no se pretende elaborar un corpus iuris por ...

Educating Hungarian medical librarians in special literature.

Science.gov (United States)

Jantsits, G

1974-01-01

In Hungary the completion of a thirty-month course is required of those who wish to qualify as medium-level librarians. Medical librarians are given a special course which differs from the general course in that it covers the subjects of medical terminology and information in special literature. The latter subject is accorded the highest number of teaching hours, since the subject matter is vast and since, in addition to theory, much time must be spent on exercises and the presentation of reference books. The students become familiar with the main Hungarian and foreign information systems in the medical and related fields and with special bibliographies, encyclopedias, handbooks, and dictionaries. We take special care to familiarize students with the abstracting journals and indices. For several semesters they have homework and lesson exercises in the use of the Hungarian Medical Bibliography and Index Medicus.

Garantismo penal para quem? O discurso penal liberal drente à sua desconstrução pela criminologia

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Marisa Helena D`Arbo Alves de Freitas

2017-05-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2177-7055.2017v38n75p129 O presente artigo versa sobre a efetividade das garantias individuais e o reflexo dessa problemática no acesso à justiça penal brasileira. Apesar de o discurso idealista-garantista apresentar os instrumentos possíveis para defesa dos acusados e para isonomia de tratamento aos sujeitos do processo, a realidade processual indica que esse discurso é meramente retórico e limitado ao plano teórico-abstrato, com dificuldades de se concretizar no plano prático-reformista. O trabalho é bibliográfico e desenvolve conceitos relativos à seletividade e as formas de controle do poder punitivo. Para abordagem do tema, partiu-se da perspectiva crítica do garantismo penal proposto por Luigi Ferrajoli.

La protección penal del medio ambiente. Análisis del art. 338 del Código Penal colombiano sobre minería ilegal

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Sebastián Felipe Sánchez Zapata

2016-03-01

Full Text Available El estudio de la criminalidad medio-ambiental comprende todo un elenco de problemas jurídico-penales de muy difícil solución. Basta acudir a las dificultades que sobresalen al momento de definir el bien jurídico protegido, el desvalor de acción y resultado, las leyes penales en blanco, la relación de causalidad, etc. Un acercamiento, aunque sea superficial, a las dificultades ínsitas de estas categorías revela el uso que se está dando, en nuestro contexto, a la retórica apuesta del legislador por proteger concretos objetos materiales como los yacimientos mineros, las aguas y el material de arrastre. El texto, desde una perspectiva penal, expone la realidad de la  minería ilegal en Colombia y las formas institucionales de reacción contra ella.

Radiology education in Hungarian schools

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marx, G.

1999-01-01

Basic concepts of nuclear physics are not more abstract and more difficult than those of electricity. For the orientation of the citizens of the 21st century, the Hungarian school curriculum has made them compulsory for all teenagers. According to the teachers' experience, the students find nuclear issues more relevant and more interesting than the topics inherited from the schoolbooks of earlier centuries. (author)

Radiology education in Hungarian schools

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Marx, G. [Department of Atomic Physics, Boetvoes Univ., Budapest (Hungary)

1999-09-01

Basic concepts of nuclear physics are not more abstract and more difficult than those of electricity. For the orientation of the citizens of the 21st century, the Hungarian school curriculum has made them compulsory for all teenagers. According to the teachers' experience, the students find nuclear issues more relevant and more interesting than the topics inherited from the schoolbooks of earlier centuries. (author)

A penalized framework for distributed lag non-linear models.

Science.gov (United States)

Gasparrini, Antonio; Scheipl, Fabian; Armstrong, Ben; Kenward, Michael G

2017-09-01

Distributed lag non-linear models (DLNMs) are a modelling tool for describing potentially non-linear and delayed dependencies. Here, we illustrate an extension of the DLNM framework through the use of penalized splines within generalized additive models (GAM). This extension offers built-in model selection procedures and the possibility of accommodating assumptions on the shape of the lag structure through specific penalties. In addition, this framework includes, as special cases, simpler models previously proposed for linear relationships (DLMs). Alternative versions of penalized DLNMs are compared with each other and with the standard unpenalized version in a simulation study. Results show that this penalized extension to the DLNM class provides greater flexibility and improved inferential properties. The framework exploits recent theoretical developments of GAMs and is implemented using efficient routines within freely available software. Real-data applications are illustrated through two reproducible examples in time series and survival analysis. © 2017 The Authors Biometrics published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Biometric Society.

Hungarian norms for the Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility, Form A.

Science.gov (United States)

Költő, András; Gősi-Greguss, Anna C; Varga, Katalin; Bányai, Éva I

2015-01-01

Hungarian norms for the Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility, Form A (HGSHS:A) are presented. The Hungarian translation of the HGSHS:A was administered under standard conditions to 434 participants (190 males, 244 females) of several professions. In addition to the traditional self-scoring, hypnotic behavior was also recorded by trained observers. Female participants proved to be more hypnotizable than males and so were psychology students and professionals as compared to nonpsychologists. Hypnotizability varied across different group sizes. The normative data-including means, standard deviations, and indicators of reliability-are comparable with previously published results. The authors conclude that measuring observer-scores increases the ecological validity of the scale. The Hungarian version of the HGSHS:A seems to be a reliable and valid measure of hypnotizability.

A Penalization Approach for Tomographic Reconstruction of Binary Axially Symmetric Objects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abraham, R.; Bergounioux, M.; Trelat, E.

2008-01-01

We propose a variational method for tomographic reconstruction of blurred and noised binary images based on a penalization process of a minimization problem settled in the space of bounded variation functions. We prove existence and/or uniqueness results and derive a penalized optimality system. Numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the relevance of the approach

Localismo e non-neutralità culturale del diritto penale ‘sotto tensione’ per effetto dell’immigrazione

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Fabio Basile

2011-05-01

penale: “il diritto penale è fortemente impregnato di cultura”. - 3. Conclusioni: le implicazioni di ‘localismo’ e ‘non-neutralità culturale’ del diritto penale in ordine al fenomeno dei reati ‘culturalmente motivati’ commessi dagli immigrati.

Named Entity Recognition in a Hungarian NL Based QA System

Science.gov (United States)

Tikkl, Domonkos; Szidarovszky, P. Ferenc; Kardkovacs, Zsolt T.; Magyar, Gábor

In WoW project our purpose is to create a complex search interface with the following features: search in the deep web content of contracted partners' databases, processing Hungarian natural language (NL) questions and transforming them to SQL queries for database access, image search supported by a visual thesaurus that describes in a structural form the visual content of images (also in Hungarian). This paper primarily focuses on a particular problem of question processing task: the entity recognition. Before going into details we give a short overview of the project's aims.

THE IMPORTANCE OF STATE’S ROLE IN THE HUNGARIAN VENTURE CAPITAL MARKET

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Jenő Konecsny

2011-07-01

Full Text Available The presence of state also has an indirect and direct effect on the developement of the Hungarian venture capital market. Indirect effect is realized through the law legislation and the direct one by the operate of the different venture capital firms and funds which invest public financial sources. The main purpose of the direct intervention is to finance the under-capitalized small and medium-sized start-up companies with equity. The paper examines the Hungarian venture capital market from the aspect of state intervention. It starts with an European overview which summarizes the common and different attributes of state’s role in the venture capital market between several European countries. The paper focuses on the Hungarian situation, it describes concisely the effect and efficiency of the governmental instructions which were taken for the legislation of the venture capital market. Using the results of a previous research the paper also examines the characteristics of the direct instructions. The paper decribes briefly the main details of the publicprivate initiative called JEREMIE-program, which started on the Hungarian venture capital market in the recent past.

THE HUNGARIAN CRISIS: AN AUSTRIAN SCHOOL EXPLANATION

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Andras Toth

2013-07-01

Full Text Available The Hungarian model was heralded as one of the most successful post-socialist way of integration into the globalised world economy and European economic area in the nineties. Currently, Hungary is suffering from a full-blown crisis 1996 onwards. Increasingly large number of Hungarians is losing their faith in political parties, institutions, democracy and in market economy. The government, elected in 2010 by supermajority and still enjoying a broad support despite the deepening recession, condemns the development path taken after 1989 and openly rejects the wrong model of the last 20 years. The government intends to build a new economic model following a model, which one can call a model of economic nationalism as the only way out of the crisis. The paper intends to portray, through the case of Hungary, how economy and politics is interconnected, and why political elites are choosing a credit fuelled development path. The paper intends to portray how a credit fuelled growth was induced by politics and ended up in tears. Moreover, the paper describes the consequences of pro-etatist shift in the public sentiment due to the alleged “market-failure”, which was in reality a crisis, at first place, created for political purposes by political means. This article, based on the Austrian business cycle theory, argues that the tragedy of Hungary was that it went through a government inspired spending binge in the first half of the 2000s. The deficit spending of the government was accompanied by the expansion of credit by the commercial banks, mostly denominated in Swiss francs. The combined effect of deficit spending and credit expansion was the build-up of debt and loss of cost competitiveness. The 2008 crisis ended the credit fuelled development path and has started the long and painful period of deleveraging crisis. On the other hand, the Hungarian crisis is a post-Keynesian crisis. It had broken out when the state was already heavily indebted and

STRONG ORACLE OPTIMALITY OF FOLDED CONCAVE PENALIZED ESTIMATION.

Science.gov (United States)

Fan, Jianqing; Xue, Lingzhou; Zou, Hui

2014-06-01

Folded concave penalization methods have been shown to enjoy the strong oracle property for high-dimensional sparse estimation. However, a folded concave penalization problem usually has multiple local solutions and the oracle property is established only for one of the unknown local solutions. A challenging fundamental issue still remains that it is not clear whether the local optimum computed by a given optimization algorithm possesses those nice theoretical properties. To close this important theoretical gap in over a decade, we provide a unified theory to show explicitly how to obtain the oracle solution via the local linear approximation algorithm. For a folded concave penalized estimation problem, we show that as long as the problem is localizable and the oracle estimator is well behaved, we can obtain the oracle estimator by using the one-step local linear approximation. In addition, once the oracle estimator is obtained, the local linear approximation algorithm converges, namely it produces the same estimator in the next iteration. The general theory is demonstrated by using four classical sparse estimation problems, i.e., sparse linear regression, sparse logistic regression, sparse precision matrix estimation and sparse quantile regression.

Hungarian Economic Development Prospects – in the Light of the One Belt and One Road Initiative

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Tamás Novák

2018-04-01

Full Text Available This paper attempts to delineate the most important aspects of the historical Hungarian economic development path, while shedding light on long-term Chinese investment and trade opportunities in Hungary. In order to make the One Belt and One Road Initiative a success, China needs proper knowledge of the Central European countries’ long-term development needs and goals. This analysis delivers a first assessment of the basic long-term questions of Hungarian economic development. The paper reviews milestones of economic progress after 1990 until the present, and shortly looks into the effects of the economic transformation of the 90s, and the main repercussions of the Global Financial Crisis (2008-2009. At the end of the paper a short glimpse is given on how the Hungarian economy could develop, and what are the possible development models to be utilized by Hungarian decision-makers. At the same time, it will be clear where Hungarian and Chinese need can intersect each other.

Política de despenalización como medio eficaz para una justicia penal justa

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Rogelio Barba Álvarez

2008-01-01

Full Text Available El actual sistema de justicia penal en México se encuentra en una grave crisis, derivada de la falta de una adecuada política criminal y técnica legislativa. La política de despenalización serviría para resolver muchos de los problemas que se originan por la pésima justicia penal que actualmente impera en México. Por este medio se podría resolver el problema de la hipertrofia legislativa, la antinomia de tipos penales, el fortalecimiento de un subsistema sancionatorio más benévolo que aquel basado en la amenaza penal, y sobre todo de la unificación de la legislación penal en nuestro país, para lograr la anhelada justicia justa.

Between the Word of the Law and Practice: a Case of the Hungarian Speakers in Serbia

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Mandić Marija

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The paper initially presents the Serbian legislative framework relevant to the use of minority languages. The ethnolinguistic vitality of the Hungarian-speaking population in Serbia is then analysed, particularly in the Serbian province of Vojvodina. The paper then focuses upon the sociolinguistic survey of Hungarian language use in Belgrade. The emphasis is placed upon the survey responses related to the awareness of language rights among the Hungarian speakers.

[Hungarian Diet and Nutritional Status Survey - OTÁP2014. II. Energy and macronutrient intake of the Hungarian population].

Science.gov (United States)

Sarkadi Nagy, Eszter; Bakacs, Márta; Illés, Éva; Nagy, Barbara; Varga, Anita; Kis, Orsolya; Schreiberné Molnár, Erzsébet; Martos, Éva

2017-04-01

The aim of the study was to assess and monitor the dietary habits and nutrient intake of Hungarian adults. Three-day dietary records were used for dietary assessment, the sample was representative for the Hungarian population aged ≥18ys by gender and age. The mean proportion of energy from fat was higher (men: 38 energy%, women: 37 energy%), that from carbohydrates was lower (men: 45 energy%, women: 47 energy%) than recommended, the protein intake is adequate. Unfavorable change compared to the previous survey in 2009 was the increase of fat and saturated fatty acid energy percent in women, the decrease in fruit and vegetable consumption, which explains the decreased fiber intake. An increasing trend in added sugar energy percent in each age groups of both genders was observed compared to 2009. Interventions focusing on the promotion of fruit and vegetable consumption and decreasing of saturated fat and added sugar intake are needed. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(15), 587-597.

AS TRÊS DIMENSÕES DA PROPORCIONALIDADE NO DIREITO PENAL

OpenAIRE

Sebástian Borges de Albuquerque Mello

2015-01-01

O presente artigo analisa as manifestações do princípio da proporcionalidade, relacionando-o com diversos princípios fundamentais do Direito Penal. Assim, relaciona-se necessidade com intervenção mínima, adequação com adequação social e a proporcionalidade em sentido estrito com a compatibilização harmônica e axiológica das penas dentro do sistema jurídico-penal.

La prolusione di rocco e le dottrine del processo penale

OpenAIRE

Renzo Orlandi

2015-01-01

L’articolo analizza le conseguenze del pensiero giuridico di Arturo Rocco, dal 1910 nella dottrina di procedura penale, ossia, il metodo tecnico-giuridico (esegesi, sistematica e critica). La dogmatica di procedura pena- le inizia con la monografia di Giovanni Conso, nel 1955. L’insoddisfazione con il tecnicismo giuridico e con la mancanza di maturità scientifica si è manifestata con Carnelutti nel 1946 (Cerenterola), sottolineando le peculiarità strutturali del procedimento penale. In questa...

Penalized Maximum Likelihood Estimation for univariate normal mixture distributions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ridolfi, A.; Idier, J.

2001-01-01

Due to singularities of the likelihood function, the maximum likelihood approach for the estimation of the parameters of normal mixture models is an acknowledged ill posed optimization problem. Ill posedness is solved by penalizing the likelihood function. In the Bayesian framework, it amounts to incorporating an inverted gamma prior in the likelihood function. A penalized version of the EM algorithm is derived, which is still explicit and which intrinsically assures that the estimates are not singular. Numerical evidence of the latter property is put forward with a test

[The new Colombian criminal code and biotechnology].

Science.gov (United States)

González de Cancino, Emilssen

2002-01-01

The author describes the process by which new offenses concerning biotechnology have been included in Colombia's Penal Code and discusses some of the more controversial aspects involved. She examines the various stages of the passage of the Bill through Parliament and the modifications undergone. She also provides well-argued criticism of the text, with appropriate reference to Constitutional provisions regarding the rights concerned.

RECEPTING THE PRINCIPLE OF SUPREMACY OF CONSTITUTION ON THE NEW PENAL CODE

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Marius ANDREESCU

2016-07-01

Full Text Available The supremacy of Constitution has as main consequence the compliance of entire law with the constitutional norms. Guaranteeing of the observance of this principle is essential for the rule of law, is primarily an attribute of the Constitutional Court, but also an obligation of the legislator to receive by texts adopted, within its content and form, the constitutional norms. Entering into force of the new criminal codes generated a significant jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court on the verification of constitutionality of some regulations in the Criminal Code and Criminal Procedure Code. Through this study we intend to analyze the following key issues: a how were the constitutional principles and values embodied in some criminal and criminal procedural norms of the new codes; b the effects of Constitutional Court decisions in the process of constitutionalizing of the criminal law; c applying into judicial activities of the Constitutional Court decisions, particularly those through which the new Criminal Code regulations were found unconstitutional.

CONTRADICTORIALITATEA ÎN CORAPORT CU ALTE PRINCIPII ALE PROCESULUI PENAL

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Lucia RUSU

2016-03-01

Full Text Available În legătură cu reformarea sistemului judiciar şi schimbările intervenite în viaţa social-politică a statului nostru, prin­cipiul contradictorialităţii a obţinut o nouă rezonanţă din considerentul că reforma judiciară şi de drept este legată direct de contradictorialitate. Reforma legii procesual penale trebuie să fie fundamentată pe o temelie teoretică solidă. Contra­dictorialitatea, însă, în calitate de noţiune juridică, este insuficient cercetată în doctrina dreptului procesual penal. La ziua de azi, specialişti notorii în domeniul dreptului procesual penal analizează şi studiază importanţa fundamentelor şi principiilor de bază ale procesului penal şi, în primul rând, contradictorialitatea acestuia. Legea procesual penală a Republicii Moldova cunoaşte o evoluţie şi dezvoltate în sensul democratizării şi lărgirii începuturilor contradictoriale în înfăptuirea justiţiei. Aceasta e şi firesc, deoarece contradictorialitatea are o importanţă enormă pentru întregul sistem al procesului penal, determinând în mare parte statutul juridic şi raporturile dintre participanţii la procesul penal, precum şi relaţiile juridice stabilite între participanţii la acest proces şi instanţa de judecată. CONTRADICTION AND ITS CORRELATION WITH OTHER PRINCIPLES OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGIn connection with the judiciary system reforming and changes in socio-political life of our state, the adversarial principle has gained a new resonance on the grounds that the judicial and legal reform is directly linked to adversariality. The reform of the criminal procedure law must be based on solid theoretical foundation. However, adversariality, as legal concept, is not enough investigated in the doctrine of the criminal procedure law. Currently, notorious specialists in the field of criminal procedure law examine and study the importance of fundamentals and basic principles of the criminal process and

Experience of Hungarian model project: 'Strengthening training for operational safety at Paks NPP'

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kiss, I.

1998-01-01

Training of Operational Safety at Paks NPP is described including all the features of the project including namely: description of Paks NPP, its properties and performances; reasons for establishing Hungarian Model Project, its main goals, mentioning Hungarian and IAEA experts involved in the Project, its organization, operation, budget, current status together with its short term and long term impact

Prime note sulla tutela penale dei culti nei Paesi dell’Est Europa

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Giovanni Cimbalo

2011-05-01

Full Text Available Testo della relazione tenuta al Convegno “La Carta e la Corte” (Ferrara, 27 ottobre 2007 destinata alla pubblicazione negli Atti. SOMMARIO: 1. Alcune considerazioni preliminari sullo status delle Confessioni religiose nei paesi dell’Est Europa - 2. I nuovi orientamenti del diritto penale nell’Est Europa - 3. Le norme statali in materia di tutela penale dei culti e del sentimento religioso. 3. Le norme penali relative ai culti e a al sentimento religioso prima del 1992 nei Paesi dell’Est Europa - 4. Tipologie e tecniche legislative di tutela penale dei culti dopo il 1992 nei Paesi dell’Est Europa - 5. Alcune sommarie considerazioni.

L2 Romanian Influence in the Acquisition of the English Passive by L1 Speakers of Hungarian

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Tankó Enikő

2015-03-01

Full Text Available The main question to be investigated is to what extent native speakers of Hungarian understand and acquire the English passive voice, as there is no generalized syntactic passive construction in Hungarian. As we will show, native speakers of Hungarian tend to use the predicative verbal adverbial construction when translating English passive sentences, as this construction is the closest syntactic equivalent of the English passive voice. Another question to be investigated is whether L2 Romanian works as a facilitating factor in the process of acquiring the L3 English passive voice. If all our subjects, Hungarian students living in Romania, were Hungarian-Romanian bilinguals, it would be obvious that knowledge of Romanian helps them in acquiring the English passive. However, as it will be shown, the bilingualism hypothesis is disconfirmed. Still, passive knowledge of Romanian influences to some extent the acquisition of the English passive voice.

Hungarian activity in cosmic physics in the last 20 years

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Szabo, Ferenc.

1987-01-01

The Hungarian activity in cosmic physics is reviewed. Hungary is participant of the Interkosmos collaboration and participates in research programs to study the Earth's magnetosphere, interplanetary space, solar activity, planets of the Solar system, comets (e.g. Vega project to study Halley's comet). Cosmic geodesy is also cultivated in Hungary. A broadening field of the Hungarian cosmic physical activity is the design and construction of measuring intstruments used on board of probes and those of other space probe components, e.g. power supplies, telemetric and telecommunication systems. A brief summary of recent and future projects is also presented. (D.Gy.)

The Hungarian youth's knowledge and attitude in the nuclear field

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Petofi, G.; Legradi, G.

2001-01-01

The Young People for the Nuclear Energetics (FINE) was established in 1999 as the Hungarian branch of the Young Generation Network. Our purpose is to remove the misbelieves and fears arisen around the nuclear techniques and mainly the nuclear energetics and to reply the questions brought up by the Hungarian youth in this topic. In this year our main activity was to take part in the Student Island festival with a Nuclear-tent. In this paper our experience is delineated what we drawn with the help of our programmes about the attitude and the knowledge of the youth. (authors)

DILEMA DIFERENŢIERII RĂSPUNDERII PENALE PENTRU RELELE TRATAMENTE COMISE DE O PERSOANĂ CU FUNCŢIE DE RĂSPUNDERE

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Daniela URSU

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Deoarece unele autorităţi (ca, de exemplu, poliţistul sunt, potrivit literei legii (art.123 alin.(1 şi alin.(2 CP RM, atât persoane publice, cât şi persoane cu funcţie de răspundere, în contextul relelor tratamente incriminate la art.1661 CP RM, unii subiecţi de aplicare în concret a legii penale recunosc poliţistului calitatea de persoană cu funcţie de răspundere, motiv din care reţin circumstanţa agravantă în dependenţă de faptă, prevăzută fie la lit.e alin.(2, fie la lit.e alin.(4 art.1661 CP RM, iar alţii îi reţin calitatea de persoană publică, încadrându-i faptele în acord cu variantele-tip ale infrac­ţiu­nilor de tortură, tratament inuman sau degradant. Pornind de la câteva hotărâri din practica judiciară naţională, pre­zentul studiu îşi propune să ofere răspuns la următoarea întrebare: Care este cea mai potrivită soluţie de calificare în ipo­teza comiterii infracţiunilor de tortură, tratament inuman sau degradant de către autorităţi care deţin dubla calitate: atât de persoană publică, cât şi de persoană cu funcţie de răspundere?THE DIFFERENTIATION DILEMMA OF CRIMINAL LIABILITY REGARDING THE ILL-TREATMENT COMMITTED BY A PERSON WITH PUBLIC RESPONSIBILITIESBecause some authorities, like the policeman, are according to the law (Article 123 para.(1 and para.(2 of the Penal Code of Moldova, both public persons and persons holding responsible positions, in the context of maltreatment incri­minated by the article 1661 of the Penal Code of Moldova, some subjects invested with the power to apply the criminal law treat the police officials as persons holding a responsible positions, the reason why the aggravating circumstance, depending on the offense, is either letter e para.(2, either – letter e para.(4 article 1661 of the Penal Code of Moldova. While others treat them as public persons, stating their crimes as torture, inhuman or degrading treatment. Starting from several

[VALIDATION OF THE HUNGARIAN MDS-UPDRS: WHY DO WE NEED A NEW PARKINSON SCALE?].

Science.gov (United States)

Horvath, Krisztina; Aschermann Zsuzsanna; Acs, Péter; Bosnyák, Edit; Deli, Gabriella; Pál, Endre; Késmárki, Ildikó; Horváth Réka; Takács, Katalin; Komoly, Sámuel; Bokor, Magdolna; Rigó, Eszter; Lajtos, Júlia; Klivényi, Péter; Dibó, György; Vécsei, László; Takáts, Annamária; Tóth, Adrián; Imre, Piroska; Nagy, Ferenc; Herceg, Mihály; Hidasi, Eszter; Kovács, Norbert

2014-03-30

The Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) has been published in 2008 as the successor of the original UPDRS. The MDS-UPDRS organizing team developed guidelines for the development of official non-English translations consisting of four steps: translation/back-translation, cognitive pretesting, large field testing, and clinimetric analysis. The aim of this paper was to introduce the new MDS-UPDRS and its validation process into Hungarian. Two independent groups of neurologists translated the text of the MDS-UPDRS into Hungarian and subsequently back-translated into English. After the review of the back-translated English version by the MDS-UPDRS translation administration team, cognitive pretesting was conducted with ten patients. Based on the results of the initial cognitive pretesting, another round was conducted. For the large field testing phase, the Hungarian official working draft version of MDS-UPDRS was tested with 357 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) determined whether the factor structure for the English-language MDS-UPDRS could be confirmed in data collected using the Hungarian Official Draft Version. To become an official translation, the Comparative Fit Index (CFI) had to be ≥ 0.90 compared to the English-language version. For all four parts of the Hungarian MDS-UPDRS, the CFI was ≥ 0.94. The overall factor structure of the Hungarian version was consistent with that of the English version based on the high CFIs for all the four parts of the MDS-UPDRS in the CFA; therefore, this version was designated as the "OFFICIAL GUNGARIAN VERSION OF THE MDS-UPDRS'.

Selected English-Language Bibliography of Interest for Hungarian Cultural Studies: 2014-2015

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Louise O. Vasvari

2016-01-01

Full Text Available As the above title indicates, because of the publication schedule of Hungarian Cultural Studies this bibliography straddles 2014-2015, covering the period since the publication in the fall of 2014 of last year’s bibliography in this journal. Each year’s bibliography is supplemented by earlier items, which were only retrieved recently. Although this bibliography series can only concentrate on English-language items, occasional items of particular interest in other languages may be included. For a more extensive bibliography of Hungarian Studies from about 2000 to 2010, for which this is a continuing update, see Louise O. Vasvári, Steven Tötösy de Zepetnek, and Carlo Salzani. “Bibliography for Work in Hungarian Studies as Comparative Central European Studies.” CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture (Library (2011:  http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/clcweblibrary/hungarianstudiesbibliography.

Aggressive Neighborhood Watch or Unconventional Threat? The Hungarian Extreme Right-Wing Self-Defense Movements

Science.gov (United States)

2014-12-01

paramilitary force, for instance the Hungarian Guard.33 The Guard was formed in 2007 through an ‘oath of allegiance’ taken by men and women wearing black...gyorgy-gyulat.html. 35 9. 10/07/2012 Disruption of the Hungarian National Front.90 Gyula Thurmer, leader of the (Communist) Labour Party and the

The Use of Hungarian and Serbian in the City of Szabadka/Subotica : An Empirical Study

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Siarl Ferdinand

2017-09-01

Full Text Available In this study Ferdinand and Komlosi analyze the use of Hungarian and Serbian in the city of Szabadka/Subotica, which is located in the Serbian region of Northern Vajdaság/Vojvodina. A mostly Hungarian speaking city for centuries, Szabadka/Subotica suffered the strong pro-Serbian language policy implemented by the Yugoslavian government from the end of the First World War until the dismantlement of Yugoslavia in the 1990s, which gave Hungarian and other local minority languages a second chance to survive. Nowadays, Szabadka/Subotica is home to two main language groups, southern Slavic languages such a Serbian and Croatian (over sixty per cent and Hungarian (thirty three per cent. Although Ferdinand and Komlosi employed official figures from the Serbian censuses to determine the size of each group, the situation of each language was mapped through empirical observation of language use in informal conversations, in official signage, and in permanent as well as temporary commercial signage. The results show that the role of Serbian (mostly written in Latin script is dominant in almost all spheres of public life and as a lingua franca among various groups. Nevertheless, Hungarian maintains a strong presence in the city, especially in the center and in its northwestern districts. In this paper, Ferdinand and Komlosi aim to contribute to a better general understanding of group dynamics in bilingual settings and, specifically, to provide a clearer view of the language situation in one of the Hungarian-speaking regions lost by the historic Kingdom of Hungary after World War I.

Proceso penal, privacidad y autodeterminación informativa en la persecución penal de la delincuencia organizada. Un análisis desde la perspectiva del derecho procesal penal alemán

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Angélica Romero Sánchez

2015-08-01

Full Text Available El surgimiento y fortalecimiento de la delincuencia organizada en las últimas décadas del siglo XX determinan un cambio en las herramientas de investigación penal y su regulación en muchos sistemas jurídicos. Estos instrumentos, apoyados en el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías, poseen características que los diferencian de las clásicas medidas de investigación. En el presente artículo se describe esta transformación en el proceso penal alemán (I, analizando el contexto en que se ha originado la regulación de estos nuevos instrumentos de investigación penal de la delincuencia organizada (A, estudiando sus características especiales (B y deduciendo las características generales (C. Posteriormente se reseña, desde la perspectiva de la doctrina y jurisprudencia alemanas, el significado de dos libertades fundamentales afectadas con la ejecución de tales mecanismos (II: el derecho a la privacidad (A y el derecho a la autodeterminación informativa (B. Cómo conciliar el uso de estas medidas de investigación y su afectación a las garantías fundamentales mencionadas, constituye el tercer apartado del artículo (III. En este se examinan los diferentes presupuestos desarrollados por la doctrina y la jurisprudencia alemanas, para legitimar este tipo de intervenciones. Seguidamente (IV se describe, de manera general, la estructura desarrollada por el legislador alemán para la regulación de las medidas de investigación aquí tratadas, teniendo en cuenta los presupuestos señalados en el acápite precedente. Finalmente, las conclusiones están dirigidas a reflexionar acerca de la importancia de una regulación estructurada de aquellas medidas de investigación, de carácter secreto y utilizadas en la persecución penal de determinados tipos de criminalidad, como la delincuencia organizada, cuyo empleo acarrea graves injerencias en derechos fundamentales.

Abstracts of the “26th Hungarian Conference on Rabbit Production”

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26th Hungarian Conference on Rabbit Prod Kaposvár, Hungary, May 31, 2014

2015-03-01

Full Text Available About 100 participants attended the 26th Hungarian Conference on Rabbit Production at Kaposvár, organised by Kaposvár University, the Hungarian Branch of the WRSA and the Rabbit Production Board. This is the largest and most popular event for rabbit breeders in Hungary. Twenty papers were presented by senior and young scientists. Topics of the papers covered all fields of rabbit production (production, housing and welfare, reproduction, genetics, nutrition, meat quality. Full papers are available from the organiser (matics.zsolt@ke.hu on request.

The Notion of the Foreign in Hungarian and Bulgarian Phraseologisms

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Lesnichkova Lilyana

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The confrontation between the native and the foreign is a problem that focuses research efforts on a number of humanities, e.g. cultural studies, anthropology, linguistics, ethnography, etc. The following report analyses the notion of the foreign, the other, the different, reflected in the phraseological wealth of the Hungarian and Bulgarian languages. The reviewed phrasemes concentrate the shock upon collision with the different or evaluation of the experience gained in the continuous communication with the other. The foreign is usually individualized by outlining and exaggerating some of its characteristics using parallels, oppositions, and metaphors. The negative attitudes and judgments prevail over the others: the fear of the collective “I” losing its own identity creates a negative attitude towards the foreign, distorted, or wrong notion of the other and the different. Many of the idioms reflect interethnic relations from times long gone, and so they are no longer a significant part of the active vocabulary of Hungarians and Bulgarians. Their analysis, however, is of great interest as they preserve the collective memory of the Hungarian and Bulgarian cultural communities and reveal their traditional notions and knowledge.

What do the Hungarian young people think about the nuclear?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pazmandi, T.; Aszodi, A.; Boros, I.; Hanti, A.; Legradi, G.; Petofi, G. [Budapest University of Technology and Economys, Institute of Nuclear Techniques, Budapest (Hungary)

2001-07-01

During the last few years new challenges and opportunities appeared on the nuclear agenda, like the improvement of the economic competitiveness, enhancing radiation and waste safety, strengthening of the role of the public acceptance. It seems that the future of the nuclear industry depends on several things. On the one hand the scientific and technical development in the last decades worked up sufficient nuclear safety and radiation protection, and nuclear methods are widely used in the industry, agriculture and medical systems, as well. On the other hand there are some other interesting questions, like Human Relations and the public acceptance of the nuclear energy still lying ahead of us. The Hungarian Youth for Nuclear (FINE) was established in 1998 as the Hungarian branch of the Young Generation Network. Our purpose is to remove the misbelieves and fears arisen around the nuclear techniques and mainly the nuclear energetics and to answer the questions brought up by the Hungarian youth in this topic. In this paper our experience what we have drawn with the help of our programmes about the attitude and the knowledge of the youth is summarised. (author)

What do the Hungarian young people think about the nuclear?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pazmandi, T.; Aszodi, A.; Boros, I.; Hanti, A.; Legradi, G.; Petofi, G.

2001-01-01

During the last few years new challenges and opportunities appeared on the nuclear agenda, like the improvement of the economic competitiveness, enhancing radiation and waste safety, strengthening of the role of the public acceptance. It seems that the future of the nuclear industry depends on several things. On the one hand the scientific and technical development in the last decades worked up sufficient nuclear safety and radiation protection, and nuclear methods are widely used in the industry, agriculture and medical systems, as well. On the other hand there are some other interesting questions, like Human Relations and the public acceptance of the nuclear energy still lying ahead of us. The Hungarian Youth for Nuclear (FINE) was established in 1998 as the Hungarian branch of the Young Generation Network. Our purpose is to remove the misbelieves and fears arisen around the nuclear techniques and mainly the nuclear energetics and to answer the questions brought up by the Hungarian youth in this topic. In this paper our experience what we have drawn with the help of our programmes about the attitude and the knowledge of the youth is summarised. (author)

Hungarian Competition Law & Policy: The Watermelon Omen

OpenAIRE

Pal Szilagyi

2012-01-01

If we look at recent developments from a wider perspective, we can see some radical changes in the attitudes of the Hungarian legislature and the society. Pál Szilágyi (Péter Pázmány Catholic University )

Nation-building under the Austro-Hungarian sceptre Croat-Serb antagonism and cooperation

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Trbovich Ana S.

2006-01-01

Full Text Available In the nineteenth century many European nations, including Serbs and Croats became politically conscious of their "nationhood", which became a contributory factor in the crumbling of the two great empires in Central-East Europe - the Habsburg and the Ottoman - at the beginning of the following century. The Serbs had, since medieval times, an awareness of their long history and tradition, great medieval civilization and cultural unity regardless of the fact that they lived under several different adminis­trations. As in the case of Habsburg Serbs, language and literature became building blocks of Croat national consciousness in the nineteenth century. Unlike Serb nationalism centred on people, Croat nationalism was mainly territory-related. Since both Serbs and Croats inhabited the Austro-Hungarian provinces claimed by the Croats as their "historical Right" (absorption in 1097 of the small medieval Croat state by the Hungarians is interpreted, by many Croat historians, as a voluntary act of union, the different conceptions of nationalism resulted in competing claims. Croatian politics became one of opposing any recognition of Serbian institutions and cultural characteristics without Serbs previously accepting the concept that the only "political nation" in the Austro-Hungarian Province of Croatia was Croatian. Nonetheless, Croats compromised when in need of Serb assistance in opposing Hungarian domination. In turn, Serb politics was divided between those supporting cooperation with the Croats in order to achieve greater autonomy from the Hungarians in the Dual Monarchy, and those who supported some cooperation but insisted on forming an entity separate from the Croats in the future and joining with the Kingdom of Serbia, which regained its independence in 1878. The ensuing world and civil wars brought the Croato-Serb conflict to the fore, with the first and the second Yugoslavia failing to accommodate the two nations' opposing aspirations.

A penalization approach to linear programming duality with application to capacity constrained transport

OpenAIRE

Korman, Jonathan; McCann, Robert J.; Seis, Christian

2013-01-01

A new approach to linear programming duality is proposed which relies on quadratic penalization, so that the relation between solutions to the penalized primal and dual problems becomes affine. This yields a new proof of Levin's duality theorem for capacity-constrained optimal transport as an infinite-dimensional application.

La justicia del menor: edades penales, realidades y expectativas

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Félix PANTOJA GARCIA

1997-01-01

Full Text Available La ley orgánica 4/92, reguladora de la competencia y el procedimiento de los Juzgados de Menores, otorga al Ministerio Fiscal una serie de competencias que, sin duda alguna, pueden calificarse como de protección de menores. Si bien la ley orgánica referida llene como objetivo establecer un procedimiento para aquellos menores de 16 años y mayores de 12 que han infringido las leyes penales (Código Penal y Leyes Penales especiales y, en consecuencia, expresa el reproche social de sus conductas, no cabe duda de que la pretensión procesal que se desprende de una interpretación sistemática de la Ley es evidentemente educativa, por lo que la responsabilidad atribuida al Fiscal, en cuanto que postula ante el Juzgado la imposición de una medida, es necesariamente protectora. El anteproyecto de Ley de Justicia Juvenil avanza en el camino indicado, y así se manifiesta claramente en su Exposición de Motivos; se trata de “una ley sancionadora de naturaleza primordialmente educativa y no propiamente penal”.

Penal reform in Africa: The case of prison chaplaincy

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Abraham K. Akih

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Penal reform is a challenge across the world. In Africa, those who are incarcerated are especially vulnerable and often deprived of basic human rights. Prison conditions are generally dire, resources are limited, and at times undue force is used to control inmates. The public attitude towards offenders is also not encouraging. Reform efforts include finding alternative ways of sentencing such as community service, making use of halfway houses and reducing sentences. These efforts have not yet yielded the desired results. The four principles of retribution, deterrence, incapacitation and rehabilitation guide penal practice in Africa. Retribution and rehabilitation stand in tension. Deterrence and incapacitation aim at forcing inmates to conform to the social order. The article argues that prison chaplaincy can make a valuable contribution to restoring the dignity and humanity of those who are incarcerated. Chaplaincy can contribute to improving attitudes and practices in the penal system and society. In addition to the social objective of rehabilitation, prison ministry can, on a spiritual level, also facilitate repentance, forgiveness and reconciliation. The aim is the holistic restoration of human beings.

Penal symbolism in Serbia in the first half of the 19th century

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Todorović Miljana

2011-01-01

Full Text Available The author explores a scarce and unusual phenomenon for the 19th century Serbia, of the emphasized nexus between crime and penalty. The author marks that special, symbolical relation of penalty, on the one hand, and sanction on the other, as 'penal symbolism'. This term refers to penalization which reflects the ties between crime and punishment by copying crime in terms of modus or place of execution, or by 'punishing' those body parts which partook in committing a crime. The author classifies the examples of preserved judgments and legislations containing penal symbolism to those referring to modus or place of execution of death penalty, those which are examples of penal symbolism related to other sanctions, and those which are examples of the symbolic talion. The author raises the questions of the origin of this phenomenon, as well as of its justification, and aims at providing answers by reconstructing legal and social framework of Serbia in the first half of the 19th century. With this objective in mind, she discusses the development of Criminal Law and its basic features, as well as the development of judiciary, the systematic institutionalization of the network of criminal courts, and, especially, the composition thereof. In the conclusion, the author rejects the possibility that penal symbolism is a product of legal transplantation or that of the continuity of Serbian medieval law. She asserts that the scarcity of material criminal law sources led to judging by 'justice and fairness', and that those facts created conditions for the primitive sense of justice to find its way into judgments and legislations as penal symbolism.

Environmental penal law. Legal foundations, aspects of administrative law, practical applications. Umweltstrafrecht. Gesetzliche Grundlagen, verwaltungsrechtliche Zusammenhaenge und praktische Anwendung

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Meinberg, V. (Max-Planck-Institut fuer Auslaendisches und Internationales Strafrecht, Freiburg im Breisgau (Germany, F.R.)); Moehrenschlager, M. (Bundesministerium der Justiz, Bonn (Germany, F.R.)); Link, W. (eds.)

1989-01-01

The book intends to present the complexity of the penal code pertaining to environmental protection including the law on environmental offences in a way which makes the subject understandable for the reader. It is therefore not limited to the criminal law proper but looks at the administrative background and aspect of legal proceedings under these laws. Each area is dealt with by specialists from science and practice. The book is adressed to the experts in judiciary administration, industry, science and the interested layman. (orig.).

Funciones del Fiscal en el Sistema Procesal Penal Acusatorio Ecuatoriano

OpenAIRE

Guillén, Oscar Medardo

2006-01-01

El art.219 de la Constitución Política vigente, define el nuevo marco legal, para el ejercicio de la acción penal de instancia pública, del Ministerio Público, en concordancia con el Nuevo Código de Procedimiento Penal y la Ley Orgánica del Ministerio Público, instrumentos jurídicos que han permitido el cambio del sistema conocido como inquisitivo , caracterizado por la concentración de funciones en el juez, para dar paso al sistema acusatorio oral que se ha dicho es mas humano, democrático y...

El pensamiento alemán en el derecho penal argentino

OpenAIRE

Guido L. Croxatto; Eugenio R. Zaffaroni

2014-01-01

El objetivo de este ensayo es abordar desde una perspectiva histórica la influencia del pensamiento alemán (la filosofía alemana, la dogmática alemana) en el derecho penal argentino, rescatando la forma en que distintos teóricos alemanes fueron leídos y receptados en Argentina. Se pretende pensar la codificación penal argentina como un diálogo – muchas veces como una mera recepción acrítica – entre los juristas y codificadores latinoamericanos y los pensado...

Hungarian national nuclear material control and accounting system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lendvai, O.

1985-01-01

The Hungarian system for nuclear materials control and accounting is briefly described. Sections include a historical overview, a description of nuclear activities and an outline of the organizational structure of the materials management system. Subsequent sections discuss accounting, verification and international relations

Sistema de atribución de responsabilidad penal a las personas jurídicas

OpenAIRE

Pérez Arias, Jacinto

2013-01-01

La presente tesis aborda el análisis del modelo de atribución de responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídica en el ordenamiento jurídico español, establecido mediante LO 5/2010 de Reforma del Código Penal. Además de unas breves notas sobre la evolución legislativa, histórica y de derecho comparado, se estudian los problemas mas relevantes de la responsabilidad penal corporativa, como la incapacidad de acción y culpabilidad de la persona jurídica, aspectos diferenciadores entre el derecho a...

Penal Policies In Bulgaria And Poland

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Simona Mihaiu

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The contemporary european studies underline the necessity of adoption of an european model, in order to assure the compliance with the fundamental rights and liberties of people deprived of liberty. But the visions of the model favour one of the two opposite tendencies, which are invariable present in theoretical debates and penal politics

CHALLENGES OF HUNGARIAN HIGHER EDUCATION IN UKRAINE

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Viktória Ferenc

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Hungarians in Ukraine have a well organized educational system that covers institutions from the kindergarten to the university. At first glance it may look like that the maintenance of the Transcarpathian Hungarians in Ukraine is guaranteed, however,we have to see that minority education (which is one of the key-issue of the maintenance of the community is threatened by several factors. In the given paper I will take under investigation only two of these factors. On the one hand the Ukrainian state language policy would like to strengthen the position of the state language even at the expense of other languages and education is used as a means of achieving these aims. On the other hand, while education is one of the effective and powerful means of achieving social goals of the minority and choosing the language of instruction is a crucial part of language education policy, minority universities neglect serious language planning activity. It is high time for every institute to work out an individual university language policy taking into account their own aims and personal conditions.

Analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies with Multiple Outcomes Using Penalization

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Jin; Huang, Jian; Ma, Shuangge

2012-01-01

Genome-wide association studies have been extensively conducted, searching for markers for biologically meaningful outcomes and phenotypes. Penalization methods have been adopted in the analysis of the joint effects of a large number of SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) and marker identification. This study is partly motivated by the analysis of heterogeneous stock mice dataset, in which multiple correlated phenotypes and a large number of SNPs are available. Existing penalization methods designed to analyze a single response variable cannot accommodate the correlation among multiple response variables. With multiple response variables sharing the same set of markers, joint modeling is first employed to accommodate the correlation. The group Lasso approach is adopted to select markers associated with all the outcome variables. An efficient computational algorithm is developed. Simulation study and analysis of the heterogeneous stock mice dataset show that the proposed method can outperform existing penalization methods. PMID:23272092

Hungarian participation in the intercosmos program

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferencz, Cs.

1981-01-01

Hungarian specialists have been interested in all fields of space research from the beginning. They also participate in the program in accordance with the scientific and technical state-of-the-art and financial possibilities of Hungary. The author summarizes the most important results of more than twenty years achieved in the field of cosmic physics, cosmic meteorology, space telecommunication, medical biology and the research of energy resources. (author)

Las negociaciones en el proceso penal: del procedimiento inquisitivo a la prisionización masiva

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Julio César Montañez Ruiz

2013-12-01

Full Text Available La presente investigación plantea la problemática de la prisionización masiva que generan las negociaciones en el sistema procesal penal de tendencia acusatoria, con marcada influencia norteamericana; aquí se sostiene que ese mecanismo, mediante el cual la Fiscalía busca la declaratoria masiva de culpabilidad de los imputados en plan de descongestionar el sistema represivo penal, tiene las caraterísticas más inquisitivas de un sistema de enjuiciamiento penal.

Penalized estimation for competing risks regression with applications to high-dimensional covariates

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ambrogi, Federico; Scheike, Thomas H.

2016-01-01

of competing events. The direct binomial regression model of Scheike and others (2008. Predicting cumulative incidence probability by direct binomial regression. Biometrika 95: (1), 205-220) is reformulated in a penalized framework to possibly fit a sparse regression model. The developed approach is easily...... Research 19: (1), 29-51), the research regarding competing risks is less developed (Binder and others, 2009. Boosting for high-dimensional time-to-event data with competing risks. Bioinformatics 25: (7), 890-896). The aim of this work is to consider how to do penalized regression in the presence...... implementable using existing high-performance software to do penalized regression. Results from simulation studies are presented together with an application to genomic data when the endpoint is progression-free survival. An R function is provided to perform regularized competing risks regression according...

[Validation of Hungarian Smartphone Deprivation Inventory (HSDI) with school children].

Science.gov (United States)

Csibi, Sándor; Demetrovics, Zsolt; Szabo, Attila

2017-01-01

The widespread use of smartphones generates new habits and behaviors among the users, including schoolchildren. Advance technology-based applications, capturing interest and attention, influence cognitive focus and time spent with the device. Examination of these factors points toward the risk of addiction, as well as the deprivations sensations associated with the latter, that call for scholastic attention. The aim of this study was to validate a Hungarian Smartphone Deprivation Inventory (HSDI), to gauge the deprivation feelings and their severity in schoolchildren when they cannot access their device. A 9-item, 7-point, agree-disagree inventory was developed on the basis of an earlier exercise deprivation scale (Robbins and Joseph, 1985). The inventory was completed by 258 Hungarian schoolchildren (mean age=12.4 ± SD = 1.71 years). The participants also completed the Hungarian version of the Brief Addiction to Smartphone Scale (BASS). An exploratory factor analysis of the HSDI yielded a single factor that accounted for 55.84 % of the variance. The internal consistency of the inventory was excellent (Cronbach's α = 0.90). Content validity of the HSDI was checked by comparing the scores of those scoring above and below the median on the BASS that yielded statistically significant differences (p smartphone access in schoolchildren.

CMS penalizes 758 hospitals for safety incidents

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Robbins RA

2015-12-01

Full Text Available No abstract available. Article truncated after 150 words. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS is penalizing 758 hospitals with higher rates of patient safety incidents, and more than half of those were also fined last year, as reported by Kaiser Health News (1. Among the hospitals being financially punished are some well-known institutions, including Yale New Haven Hospital, Medstar Washington Hospital Center in DC, Grady Memorial Hospital, Northwestern Memorial Hospital in Chicago, Indiana University Health, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Tufts Medical Center, University of North Carolina Hospital, the Cleveland Clinic, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Parkland Health and Hospital, and the University of Virginia Medical Center (Complete List of Hospitals Penalized 2016. In the Southwest the list includes Banner University Medical Center in Tucson, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Stanford Health Care, Denver Health Medical Center and the University of New Mexico Medical Center (for list of Southwest hospitals see Appendix 1. In total, CMS ...

Estimation of Covariance Matrix on Bi-Response Longitudinal Data Analysis with Penalized Spline Regression

Science.gov (United States)

Islamiyati, A.; Fatmawati; Chamidah, N.

2018-03-01

The correlation assumption of the longitudinal data with bi-response occurs on the measurement between the subjects of observation and the response. It causes the auto-correlation of error, and this can be overcome by using a covariance matrix. In this article, we estimate the covariance matrix based on the penalized spline regression model. Penalized spline involves knot points and smoothing parameters simultaneously in controlling the smoothness of the curve. Based on our simulation study, the estimated regression model of the weighted penalized spline with covariance matrix gives a smaller error value compared to the error of the model without covariance matrix.

Genetic analysis of the Hungarian draft horse population using partial mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequencing

Science.gov (United States)

2018-01-01

Background The Hungarian draft is a horse breed with a recent mixed ancestry created in the 1920s by crossing local mares with draught horses imported from France and Belgium. The interest in its conservation and characterization has increased over the last few years. The aim of this work is to contribute to the characterization of the endangered Hungarian heavy draft horse populations in order to obtain useful information to implement conservation strategies for these genetic stocks. Methods To genetically characterize the breed and to set up the basis for a conservation program, in the present study a hypervariable region of the mitochrondial DNA (D-loop) was used to assess genetic diversity in Hungarian draft horses. Two hundred and eighty five sequences obtained in our laboratory and 419 downloaded sequences available from Genbank were analyzed. Results One hundred and sixty-four haplotypes and thirty-six polymorphic sites were observed. High haplotype and nucleotide diversity values (Hd = 0.954 ± 0.004; π = 0.028 ± 0.0004) were identified in Hungarian population, although they were higher within than among the different populations (Hd = 0.972 ± 0.002; π = 0.03097 ± 0.002). Fourteen of the previously observed seventeen haplogroups were detected. Discussion Our samples showed a large intra- and interbreed variation. There was no clear clustering on the median joining network figure. The overall information collected in this work led us to consider that the genetic scenario observed for Hungarian draft breed is more likely the result of contributions from ‘ancestrally’ different genetic backgrounds. This study could contribute to the development of a breeding plan for Hungarian draft horses and help to formulate a genetic conservation plan, avoiding inbreeding while. PMID:29404201

Bayesian Analysis for Penalized Spline Regression Using WinBUGS

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Ciprian M. Crainiceanu

2005-09-01

Full Text Available Penalized splines can be viewed as BLUPs in a mixed model framework, which allows the use of mixed model software for smoothing. Thus, software originally developed for Bayesian analysis of mixed models can be used for penalized spline regression. Bayesian inference for nonparametric models enjoys the flexibility of nonparametric models and the exact inference provided by the Bayesian inferential machinery. This paper provides a simple, yet comprehensive, set of programs for the implementation of nonparametric Bayesian analysis in WinBUGS. Good mixing properties of the MCMC chains are obtained by using low-rank thin-plate splines, while simulation times per iteration are reduced employing WinBUGS specific computational tricks.

Ottoman-Hungarian Conflict through Venetian Eyes

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N. Zeynep YELÇE

2017-04-01

Full Text Available The new phase in Ottoman-Hungarian relations starting with the ascension of Süleyman I and the following period of conflict have been thoroughly examined by scholars; causes and effects have been analyzed; and the process has been evaluated in a wide array of perspectives ranging from evaluations as a process of glorious conquest to a process of tragic enslavement. This paper moves away from such grand narratives to explore the way the process was perceived by contemporaries as they lived through the conflict. As such, this paper focuses on the letters of Lorenzo Orio, the Venetian ambassador in Buda between 1519-1523. From his arrival in Buda on June 5, 1519, to his presentation of his report to the Pregadi on December 22, 1523; Orio has been a close witness of the relations and conflicts between the Ottomans, Habsburgs, and the Hungarians. The information offered by Orio in these tumultuous times, as he tried to present a neutral stance for Venice, has not only added to the soft power of Venice but presents us the experience and perception of an era. In other words, it opens a window to the rumors, gossip, fears, and hopes in the daily lives of the contemporaries.

Hungarian Accounting Regulations: Exposed to the Cross-Fire

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Rita Ambrus

2015-09-01

Full Text Available The aim of the paper is to highlight two factors influencing Hungarian accounting regulations: the legislation of accounting in the last 25 years and the most important features of the taxation system. Both of them can influence the main requirement of the Hungarian Act on Accounting, the true and fair view. The research methods are based on a synthesis of the national and international literature. The authors examine the regulation system embedded in the legal and economic environment. The paper shows the accounting legislation in Hungary after the changing of the regime, its asymmetry, the attitude of the legislators and the current situation. The analysis of the tax system is connected to the provisions of accounting, highlighting the problems of the tax administration, the relation between corporate tax and the resultsof accounting and the intention to simplify it. The main conclusion is to make the system more flexible, in line with the legal and fiscal institutions, to fulfil its important requirements.

Translating Welsh Drama Into Hungarian Through English: A Contextual Introduction to Sêra Moore Williams’ Crash in Hungarian Translation

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Márta Minier

2016-01-01

Full Text Available This article offers a predominantly contextual introduction to my translation of a contemporary Welsh play by Sêra Moore Williams, Crash (2004, into Hungarian. Williams' three-person drama for young people was written originally in the author's native language, Welsh, and translated into English by the playwright herself. In my translation process of the play from English to Hungarian the intermediary role played by English raises ethical concerns from a postcolonial perspective, while in a pragmatic sense it is almost a necessity to rely on it when communicating Welsh-language cultural production to the broader international public, including to other minor languages. The article will place the drama in its generic context, introducing the play as a Theater in Education piece, as Williams' work has been inspirational in the development of tantermi színház [classroom theater] in Hungary since the early 2000s. As a specific case study within the case study, the additional discussion of the translation of Williams' polysemic title will provide an insight into the role such a significant paratext plays in uprooting a dramatic text from one culture to another.

Decarbonising the Hungarian Electricity and Heat Sectors: What Is the Least impossible?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaderjak, P.

2012-01-01

The presentation will report on an economic assessment of decarbonisation scenarios for the Hungarian electricity and heat sectors by 2050. The assessment is based on economic modeling that assumes an expanding application of existing technologies. The results suggest that CO 2 abatement in the heat sector might be a cheaper and more realistic option for decarbonisation in the Hungarian case. With regard to the electricity sector, decarbonisation foreseen in the Commission's 2050 vision (90-95%) is not feasible without a massive application of CCS technology or without a non-foreseeable technology breakthrough.(author)

Energy conservation and energy prices: the Hungarian experience

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Molnar, L.

1997-01-01

The main sources of emissions into the outdoor air are from the energy sector (e.g. power plants), industry, the transport sector and the residential sector (buildings). The danger from most of these emissions is the fact that heat plants and boilers of residential buildings in particular, are usually in the areas where people live and work and therefore their emissions may have a direct effect on health. The best way to improve this situation - to diminish emissions and to improve air quality - is to increase the efficiency of both energy production and use. This also has important consequences for the economic use of the national energy carrier stock and diminishes the need to import energy which increases the competitiveness of goods produced. The Hungarian government has set out an Energy Saving Programme to address, among other things the fact that the Hungarian average energy consumption per capita is less than the EU average but the energy intensity (the necessary energy to produce 1 USD GDP) is 3.5-4.0 times higher than the EU average. It has been shown that the best way to save energy is to invest in energy-conscious behaviour and training. Recent studies in public and residential buildings have shown that there is a potential for high energy saving in Hungarian buildings which is independent from the building technology used. Also, the pay-back times of investment in the building envelope are significantly higher than the pay-back times of investment in heating-ventilating or control systems, while the energy saved was of the same magnitude. (author) 5 figs., 5 tabs., 6 refs

Construção e identidade da dogmática penal: do garantismo prometido ao garantimo prisioneiro

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Vera Regina Pereira de Andrade

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Tratamos, neste artigo, da construção eidentidade da Dogmática Penal enquanto paradigmade Ciência Penal dominante na modernidade. E ofazemos através de três passos, a saber: demarcandosuas matrizes e modelos fundacionais (num primeiromomento em nível do saber e, num segundomomento, em nível da relação saber-poder; demarcandoo que é a Dogmática Penal desde suaauto-imagem (desde uma escuta à voz dospenalistas que protagonizam e compartilham seuparadigma para, ao final, problematizá-la em nívelfuncional, apontando a contradição entre suasfunções declaradas (garantismo prometido e asfunções realmente cumpridas na modernidade(garantismo prisioneiro. A Dogmática aparece,nesta perspectiva, como um protagonismo decisivono processo de instrumentalização e legitimaçãodo controle penal moderno e da ordem social queele co-constitui.Abstract: This article deals with the constructionand identity of the Penal Dogmatic, as a paradigmof the Penal Science, dominant in modernity. Thisis done in three steps: delineating their originsand foundational models (at a first moment at thelevel of knowledge and, in a second, in aknowledge power moment determining what isPenal Dogmatic, since its self image (since alistening to a voice of penalists whom have carriedout and shared their paradigm, to, at the end,transform it into a problem at a functional level,pointing out the contradictions between thedeclared functions (promise guarantism and thereal functions promised in modernity (prisonguarantism. The Dogmatic appears, in thisperspective, as a decisive carry out in the processof instrumentalizating and legitimating of themodern penal control, and of the social order,which it constructed.

Domestic violence and Special Criminal Courts: analysis from the legal feminism and penal criticism perspectives

OpenAIRE

Campos, Carmen Hein de; Carvalho, Salo de

2006-01-01

Este artigo pretende demonstrar a possibilidade de análise crítica da Lei 9.099/95 a partir de dois discursos considerados marginais no campo do direito penal: o feminismo jurídico e o garantismo penal. Considerando a vítima no momento do crime e o autor do fato durante o processo penal, esses discursos interagem, procurando construir um diálogo para demonstrar a ineficácia da lei em ambas as perspectivas.This article aims at demonstrating the possibility of criticism about the criminal law (...

Media Literacy and Cigarette Smoking in Hungarian Adolescents

Science.gov (United States)

Page, Randy M.; Piko, Bettina F.; Balazs, Mate A.; Struk, Tamara

2011-01-01

Objective: To assess smoking media literacy in a sample of Hungarian youth and to determine its association with current smoking and susceptibility to future smoking. Design: Quantitative cross-sectional survey. Setting: Four elementary and four high schools in Mako, Hungary. Method: A survey form was administered in regularly-scheduled classes to…

Flexible and efficient genome tiling design with penalized uniqueness score

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Du Yang

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background As a powerful tool in whole genome analysis, tiling array has been widely used in the answering of many genomic questions. Now it could also serve as a capture device for the library preparation in the popular high throughput sequencing experiments. Thus, a flexible and efficient tiling array design approach is still needed and could assist in various types and scales of transcriptomic experiment. Results In this paper, we address issues and challenges in designing probes suitable for tiling array applications and targeted sequencing. In particular, we define the penalized uniqueness score, which serves as a controlling criterion to eliminate potential cross-hybridization, and a flexible tiling array design pipeline. Unlike BLAST or simple suffix array based methods, computing and using our uniqueness measurement can be more efficient for large scale design and require less memory. The parameters provided could assist in various types of genomic tiling task. In addition, using both commercial array data and experiment data we show, unlike previously claimed, that palindromic sequence exhibiting relatively lower uniqueness. Conclusions Our proposed penalized uniqueness score could serve as a better indicator for cross hybridization with higher sensitivity and specificity, giving more control of expected array quality. The flexible tiling design algorithm incorporating the penalized uniqueness score was shown to give higher coverage and resolution. The package to calculate the penalized uniqueness score and the described probe selection algorithm are implemented as a Perl program, which is freely available at http://www1.fbn-dummerstorf.de/en/forschung/fbs/fb3/paper/2012-yang-1/OTAD.v1.1.tar.gz.

Hungarian system for nuclear emergency preparedness

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Borsi, Laszlo; Szabo, Laszlo; Ronaky, Jozsef

2000-01-01

The Hungarian Government had established in 1989 on the basis of national and international experience the National System for Nuclear Emergency Preparedness (NSNEP). Its guidance is ad-ministered by the Governmental Commission for Nuclear Emergency Preparedness (GCNEP). The work of the Governmental Commission is designated to be assisted by the Secretariat, the Operational Staff and by the Technical Scientific Council. The leading and guiding duties of the relevant ministries and national agencies are performed by the Sectional Organisations for Nuclear Emergency Preparedness (SONEP), together with those of the Metropolitan Agencies and of the county agencies by the Metropolitan Local Committee (MLCNEP) and by County Local Committees. The chairman of the Governmental Commission is the Minister of the Interior whose authority covers the guidance of the NSNEP's activities. The Secretariat of the Governmental Commission (SGC) co-ordinates the activities of the bodies of the Governmental Commission, the sectional organisations, the local committees for nuclear emergency preparedness and those of the other bodies responsible for implementing action. The Emergency Information Centre (EIC) of GCNEP as the central body of the National Radiation Monitoring, Warning and Surveillance System provides the information needed for preparing decisions at Governmental Commission level. The technical-scientific establishment of the governmental decisions in preparation for nuclear emergency situations and the elimination of their consequences are tasks of the Technical-Scientific Council. The Centre for Emergency Response, Training and Analysis (CERTA) of the Hungarian Atomic Energy Authority (HAEA) may be treated as a body of the Governmental Commission as well. The National Radiation Monitoring, Warning and Surveillance System (NRMWSS) is integral part of the NSNEP. The NRMWSS consists of the elements operated by the ministries and the operation of nation-wide measuring network in

Seguridad ciudadana y respuesta penal

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Beatriz Scapusio Minvielle

2015-10-01

Full Text Available El concepto de seguridad ciudadana será empleado en esta comunicación en su sentido restringido, vinculado al sentimiento de confianza de la población de no verse expuesta a hechos de violencia física, tengan origen éstos en actos individuales o sociales.  (...Contenido: Diferentes expresiones de la seguridad ciudadana. La respuesta penal. Evaluación global del problema. El desafío dogmático. Conclusiones

La prolusione di rocco e le dottrine del processo penale

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Renzo Orlandi

2015-03-01

Full Text Available L’articolo analizza le conseguenze del pensiero giuridico di Arturo Rocco, dal 1910 nella dottrina di procedura penale, ossia, il metodo tecnico-giuridico (esegesi, sistematica e critica. La dogmatica di procedura pena- le inizia con la monografia di Giovanni Conso, nel 1955. L’insoddisfazione con il tecnicismo giuridico e con la mancanza di maturità scientifica si è manifestata con Carnelutti nel 1946 (Cerenterola, sottolineando le peculiarità strutturali del procedimento penale. In questa prospettiva, il testo sottolinea la conferenza di Franco Cordero nel 1964 (Lecce, così come le lezioni da James Goldschmidt. Inoltre, negli anni sessanta, divennero importanti diritti fondamentali, di fronte alla Costituzione democratica, con un nuovo orientamento dottrinale. Il diritto processuale penale è stato considerato come diritto costituzionale applicato. Si segnalano gli insegnamenti di Amodio, Amato, Chiavario, Ferrua, Grevi, Iluminati, Massa e Nobili. Successivamente, l’articolo mette in evidenza il CPP del 1988, l’internazionalizzazione dei sistemi giuridici, l’importanza del diritto comparato e dei diritti fondamentali. Si conclude con il nuovo ordine mondiale dei diplomi internazionali e tribunali sovranazionali, con nuove esigenze, oltre il tecnicismo giuridico.

New Spirit and New Hero: How Hungarian Startups Redefine the Ideas of Local Capitalism

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Szabó Natasa

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The present paper investigates how the Bridge Budapest, a CSR organization founded by leading Hungarian IT startups, attempts to shape the values of Hungarian society towards capitalism in general, and towards entrepreneurship in particular. In my paper I argue that the central aim of the organization is to facilitate Hungary’s catching up with the core capitalist countries through the transformation of the attitudes and the ideologies surrounding capitalism in the Hungarian context, i.e. the local spirit of capitalism. This consists, on the one hand, of restoring the legitimation of some of the core institutions of capitalism, such as the enterprise and the entrepreneur, and of confronting the risk-taking, innovative and ethical figure of the entrepreneur hero with the provincial figure of the ‘postcommunist cheater’. On the other hand, it also consists of propagating a new management of work that aims to produce self-controlling and self-motivating employees. In the narrative of Bridge Budapest IT companies appear as the perfect moral and economic subjects – the bearers of the new spirit of capitalism – that have the expertise to offer solutions to the problems of Hungarian society, and around which the local capitalism should be built.

La eficacia de la Prueba Indiciaria en el Proceso Penal Ecuatoriano

OpenAIRE

Pérez Medina, Lenin

2007-01-01

La eficacia de la prueba Indiciaria en el Proceso Penal Ecuatoriano, a tomado una nueva dimensión en nuestro sistema procesal, ya que a partir de la vigencia del nuevo Código de Procedimiento Penal, se ha orientado a garantizar la aplicación del debido proceso, en todos los parámetros que la constitución establece, en el presente trabajo estudiamos diferentes tópicos como presunción , sospecha , conjetura, vestigio, huella y rastro donde podría aparecer la prueba indiciaria, si...

Phylogenetic analysis of Hungarian goose parvovirus isolates and vaccine strains.

Science.gov (United States)

Tatár-Kis, Tímea; Mató, Tamás; Markos, Béla; Palya, Vilmos

2004-08-01

Polymerase chain reaction and sequencing were used to analyse goose parvovirus field isolates and vaccine strains. Two fragments of the genome were amplified. Fragment "A" represents a region of VP3 gene, while fragment "B" represents a region upstream of the VP3 gene, encompassing part of the VP1 gene. In the region of fragment "A" the deduced amino acid sequence of the strains was identical, therefore differentiation among strains could be done only at the nucleotide level, which resulted in the formation of three groups: Hungarian, West-European and Asian strains. In the region of fragment "B", separation of groups could be done by both nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence level. The nucleotide sequences resulted in the same groups as for fragment "A" but with a different clustering pattern among the Hungarian strains. Within the "Hungarian" group most of the recent field isolates fell into one cluster, very closely related or identical to each other, indicating a very slow evolutionary change. The attenuated strains and field isolates from 1979/80 formed a separate cluster. When vaccine strains and field isolates were compared, two specific amino acid differences were found that can be considered as possible markers for vaccinal strains. Sequence analysis of fragment "B" seems to be a suitable method for differentiation of attenuated vaccine strains from virulent strains. Copyright 2004 Houghton Trust Ltd

[Pre-travel advice and patient education of Hungarian travellers].

Science.gov (United States)

Lengyel, Ingrid; Felkai, Péter

2018-03-01

According to international surveys, over half of the travellers face some kind of health issue when travelling. The overwhelming majority of travel-related illnesses can be prevented with pre-travel medical consultations, but the syllabus and content of the consultation have to match the travel habits and culture of the given society. This publication explores the specificities and travel habits of Hungarian travellers. One hundred participants of a travel exhibition completed a survey about their international travel. As the survey was not representative, the data could only be processed through simple statistical methods. However, since the exhibition was presumably attended by those wishing to travel, the conclusions drawn from the results are worth publishing, since no similar survey in Hungary has been published before. Based on the suitable classification of age groups in travel medicine, 11% of the participants were adolescents / young adults (aged 15-24), 81% adults (25-59) and 8% elderly (60-74). Twenty-eight percent of the participants travel multiple times a year, 40% yearly and 32% of them less frequently; 16% of the adults, 8% of the adolescents and 4% of the elderly age group travel multiple times a year. The travel destinations of Hungarian travellers have remained practically unchanged since a study was conducted 13 years ago: the vast majority (95%) travelled within Europe, 2% to the United States, and 11% of them elsewhere. Since Hungarians do not travel to endemic areas, only 5% consulted their general practitioners (GPs) prior to travelling, and 29% did when they had to be vaccinated. Forty-two percent of those wishing to travel never consult their GPs, even though 29% of them are aware of some chronic illness. Instead, 51% gather their health information from the internet and only 6% from their doctors. By the contradiction between the poor health status of the majority of Hungarian travellers and the negligence of seeking pre-travel advice

Transfrontier environmental protection and German penal law. Grenzueberschreitende Umweltbelastungen und deutsches Strafrecht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Forkel, H.W.

1988-01-22

The author investigates the problem of how far German penal law is valid in case of transfrontier environmental pollution. He distinguishes between cases in which the interests of Germany and the neighbour state are congruent, and cases in which they are not congruent. According to the author, German law should be applied in cases where the other country has no environmental penal legislation, and where the emissions exceed the limits set by German and foreign law. (orig./HSCH).

Chemical composition and utilization of Hungarian spent sulfite liquor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Toth, B

1968-01-01

A review on the composition of Hungarian spent sulfite liquor and on its possible utilization, e.g., for the manufacturing of vanillin, yeast protein, or ethanol, as well as its direct utilization as a plasticizer for cement, additive for insecticides, or in adhesives.

Comparative analysis of some bioecological characteristics of Hungarian oak and Turkey oak

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Vukin Marina

2013-01-01

Full Text Available This paper gives an in-depth study of some bioecological characteristics of the Hungarian and Turkey oak, autochthonous oak species and edificators of climatogenic communities of central Serbia. Today, these forest complexes are mostly of coppice origin and as such, they require implementation of reclamation operations. In order to determine biological dominance, select the optimal reclamation operations and finally improve the state of these forests, we studied the environmental conditions, stand state, development and position of individual trees in a mixed coppice stand of Hungarian and Turkey oak in a suburban zone of the city of Belgrade.

Internet map of the Hungarian nuclear field

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Besenyei, Elisabeth

2001-01-01

The increasing role of Internet in the dissemination of information cannot be questioned. The organisations dealing with public information have to face with this challenge. New methods and ways are needed in order to effectively use this opportunity. An effective communication requires certain knowledge on the characteristics of the target group. The present situation on the Internet use in Hungary has been studied by a number of public opinion polls. In Europe Hungary is the eleventh in the row concerning the population percentage of Internet users. At the same time it is hard to define the exact number as it is continuously increasing. From the public opinion polls it can be seen that about 49 % of active Internet users, about 37 percent seek for information on the Internet. The organisations playing role in nuclear field includes nuclear facilities, research institutes, regulatory bodies as well as civil associations. Almost all of them realised the importance of the appearance on the Internet and have their web site. Among the web-sites of the Hungarian nuclear facilities the new home page of the Paks NPP (www.npp.hu) is especially well designed and worth to visit. The Atomic Energy Research Institute operates the 10 MW Budapest Research Reactor. The main features of the reactor can be found on the web site of the institute (www.kfki.hu/~aekihp/). Information about the research possibilities of the training reactor of the Institute of Nuclear Techniques of the Technical University of Budapest is provided on the web site (www.reak.bme.hu). The web site of the Hungarian Atomic Energy Authority (www.haea.gov.hu) has been renewed recently. Certainly, the list of the web sites of the Hungarian organisations active in nuclear field cannot be complete as it is a continuously evolving area. Nevertheless one can see that the players realised the importance of the challenge given by the Internet. While considerable effort is needed to maintain and refresh the web site

ALGUNOS APUNTES SOBRE LAS RAZONES DE LA REFORMA DEL PROCEDIMIENTO PENAL EN AMÉRICA LATINA

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Pierre Gilles Bélanger

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Actualmente en Latinoamérica, la mayor parte de los países han modificado sus códigos penales con el objeto de tener una mejor salud procesal. En esta transición, hace falta ayuda internacional real, apoyo, colaboración e intercambio de ideas, programas, experiencias, grupos de trabajo, capacitación a nivel bilateral y multilateral dirigida por expertos para los actores en el sistema penal y para la sociedad. Todos los países de Latinoamérica, han tenido éxitos y todos tienen fallas en las reformas procesales desarrolladas en materia penal. Parece entonces oportuno, empezar el dialogo y la colaboración para contribuir a una mejor comprensión y edificación de los sistemas penales y su evolución. Para ello se requiere compartir las experiencias que han funcionado en otros países, adaptándolas al marco jurídico de cada contexto en particular. Por un lado, esto ayuda a mejorar la comprensión operacional del procedimiento penal y por otro lado, el respeto de las garantías jurídicas establecidas en las Cartas Magnas de cada país y por ende estabilidad institucional, seguridad y desarrollo económico para la sociedad.

Delineating the genetic heterogeneity of OCA in Hungarian patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Fábos, Beáta; Farkas, Katalin; Tóth, Lola; Sulák, Adrienn; Tripolszki, Kornélia; Tihanyi, Mariann; Németh, Réka; Vas, Krisztina; Csoma, Zsanett; Kemény, Lajos; Széll, Márta; Nagy, Nikoletta

2017-06-19

Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a clinically and genetically heterogenic group of pigmentation abnormalities characterized by variable hair, skin, and ocular hypopigmentation. Six known genes and a locus on human chromosome 4q24 have been implicated in the etiology of isolated OCA forms (OCA 1-7). The most frequent OCA types among Caucasians are OCA1, OCA2, and OCA4. We aimed to investigate genes responsible for the development of these OCA forms in Hungarian OCA patients (n = 13). Mutation screening and polymorphism analysis were performed by direct sequencing on TYR, OCA2, SLC45A2 genes. Although the clinical features of the investigated Hungarian OCA patients were identical, the molecular genetic data suggested OCA1 subtype in eight cases and OCA4 subtype in two cases. The molecular diagnosis was not clearly identifiable in three cases. In four patients, two different heterozygous known pathogenic or predicted to be pathogenic mutations were present. Seven patients had only one pathogenic mutation, which was associated with non-pathogenic variants in six cases. In two patients no pathogenic mutation was identified. Our results suggest that the concomitant screening of the non-pathogenic variants-which alone do not cause the development of OCA, but might have clinical significance in association with a pathogenic variant-is important. Our results also show significant variation in the disease spectrum compared to other populations. These data also confirm that the concomitant analysis of OCA genes is critical, providing new insights to the phenotypic diversity of OCA and expanding the mutation spectrum of OCA genes in Hungarian patients.

A TUTELA PENAL DO MEIO AMBIENTE E SUA (INCOMPATIBILIDADE COM A INTERVENÇÃO MÍNIMA

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Jamille Clara Alves Adamczyk

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Considerando que o Direito Penal deve atuar como última via e para tutelar os bens jurídicos mais relevantes, propõe-se a analisar se a imputação da responsabilidade penal ambiental iria de encontro com a premissa da intervenção mínima. Assim, tem-se como objetivo do presente estudo analisar se a responsabilização penal no âmbito do direito ambiental viola o princípio da intervenção mínima.

Female students of Hungarian origin in the higher education system of Serbia: A gender perspective

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Lendak-Kabok Karolina

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The number of students of Hungarian origin studying at the University of Novi Sad (Vojvodina, Serbia is considerably lower than expected, based on the size of the Hungarian national community living in Vojvodina. This fact is caused by various reasons, but the most important is that one third of the Hungarian students continue their higher education in Hungary instead of Serbia. The primary cause of this brain drain is that they cannot continue their studies in their mother tongue. Hungary is a member of the European union, and therefore prospective students choose it over Serbia, as a Eu university degree opens up better employment opportunities, especially in the Eu. This paper analyzes the number of female students from the Hungarian national community in Vojvodina, who are studying at the university of Novi Sad, and compares their number to the number of students of Serbian nationality at the same university, as well as the gender aspect of their faculty choices. The aim of this study is to express the lower representation of Hungarian female students at the university of Novi Sad, especially in the areas of technical sciences studies and computing and information sciences, and to propose measures and solutions in order to overcome the above mentioned lower representation. The research results indicate a decrease in the number of female Hungarian students and a seriously biased structure of their faculty choices at the university of Novi Sad, as well as the fact that their faculty choices result in problems which they face later when they start looking for employment. It would be of great importance if the government, as the founder of higher educational institutions, would take action. The civil society's engagement is needed as well in this field, through affirmative and other measures which could increase the number of students in the technical study areas and thereby increase the likeliness of finding suitable employment opportunities

The application of heptadecanoic acid (HDA) labelled with Hungarian-made 123I with a Hungarian method in human diagnostics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Horvath, Mihaly; Pszota, Agnes; Koernyei, Jozsef; Lakatos, Mihaly; Mahunka, Imre; Mikecz, Pal

1988-01-01

In 15 examinations made in ergometric load and 2 in quiet state the regional distributions of the uptake of 123 I-HDA and that of 201 Tl coincided. HDA kinetics was also analyzed by computerized circumferential profile programme and it was demonstrated that the results of the examinations made previously with foreign-made preparate are comparable with those of the Hungarian one. (author) 13 refs.; 7 figs

THE SHEEPSKIN EFFECT IN THE HUNGARIAN LABOUR MARKET 2010-2012: ANALYSIS OF DATA FROM THE HUNGARIAN GRADUATE TRACKING SYSTEM

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Kun Andras Istvan

2014-07-01

Full Text Available The sheepskin effect is a wage increase connected to the attainment of a degree (or credential in addition to the wage gap connected to the completion of a schooling level (school years, exams passed etc.. This effect is often referred to as a phenomenon supporting the signaling (or screening hypothesis against human capital theory in the so called ‘signaling vs. human capital debate’ over the economic role of education. Many empirical studies in many countries have tested (mostly successfully this hypothesis during the last decades, but it has never been tested in Hungary. Therefore the main goal of the current study is to identify and measure the sheepskin effect in Hungarian higher education based on the country-wide, representative databases of the Hungarian Graduate Career Tracking System (HGCTS. The 2 databases used in the analysis are two HGCTS surveys from the years 2011 and 2012. The first part of the article is a literature review that summarises the results of the existing empirical sheepskin research and highlights their connections to the signaling vs. human capital debate. In the second part, empirical research is carried out based on the HGCTS data. This research has two phases. In the first phase subjective data are analysed (according to the perceived negative effect of not obtaining the degree in time, while in the second, mean differences are tested between net hourly wages of responder groups (1 who have the educational credential and (2 do not have it (even though they have finished all courses and passed all exams at the given educational level. The statistical analysis identified significant wage gaps between graduated responders and those who had not graduated but had passed the state exam (and so had finished all the exams in higher education before graduating on nearly all levels and in both samples (the only exemption was the post-Bologna master level in the 2011 sample. We can conclude that the existence of the

Physiological strain in the Hungarian mining industry: The impact of physical and psychological factors

OpenAIRE

József Varga; Imre Nagy; László Szirtes; János Pórszász

2016-01-01

Objectives: The objectives of these investigations completed on workplaces in the Hungarian mining industry were to characterize the physiological strain of workers by means of work pulse and to examine the effects of work-related psychological factors. Material and Methods: Continuous heart rate (HR) recording was completed on 71 miners over a total of 794 shifts between 1987 and 1992 in mining plants of the Hungarian mining industry using a 6-channel recorder – Bioport (ZAK, Germany). The w...

Ármin Vámbéry (1832-1913 as a Historian of Early Hungarian Settlement in the Carpathian Basin

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Nándor Dreisziger

2016-01-01

Full Text Available In the English-speaking world Ármin Vámbéry is known as a traveler in Central Asia and a student of Turkic cultures and languages. In his native Hungary he is also known for his disagreement with linguists who believed that Hungarian belonged to the Ugric branch of the Finno-Ugric languages—a part of the Uralic linguistic family. Rather than accepting this theory, Vámbéry contended that Hungarian was largely a Turkic language that belonged more to the Altaic family. Few people know that Vámbéry also expressed strong opinions about the genesis of the Hungarian nation. The most important aspect of Vámbéry’s theory about Hungarian origins is the thesis that Hungarian ethnogenesis took place—beginning with late Roman times or even earlier—in the Carpathian Basin. A corollary of this proposition is that the nomadic tribes that conquered the Carpathian Basin at the end of the ninth century were Turkic peoples who were few in numbers and were assimilated by the region’s autochthonous—and by then Hungarian-speaking—population. This paper outlines Vámbéry’s arguments and describes to what extent research on this subject in the century since Vámbéry’s death has confirmed or contradicted his unconventional ideas.

Reflection on penal policy in nuclear matters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cisse, A.

1996-01-01

This document expresses ethical reflexions as far as nuclear energy development is concerned. The potential diversion of the peaceful use of nuclear energy results in the necessity of a criminal policy which would control the nuclear regulations. For each potential nuclear infringement, systems of laws are established either to prevent damages or to penalize them. (TEC)

Penal managerialism from within: implications for theory and research.

Science.gov (United States)

Cheliotis, Leonidas K

2006-01-01

Unlike the bulk of penological scholarship dealing with managerialist reforms, this article calls for greater theoretical and research attention to the often pernicious impact of managerialism on criminal justice professionals. Much in an ideal-typical fashion, light is shed on: the reasons why contemporary penal bureaucracies endeavor systematically to strip criminal justice work of its inherently affective nature; the structural forces that ensure control over officials; the processes by which those forces come into effect; and the human consequences of submission to totalitarian bureaucratic milieus. It is suggested that the heavy preoccupation of present-day penality with the predictability and calculability of outcomes entails the atomization of professionals and the dehumanization of their work. This is achieved through a kaleidoscope of direct and indirect mechanisms that naturalize and/or legitimate acquiescence.

Collection of regulatory texts relative to radiation protection. Part 2: orders and decisions taken in application of the Public Health Code and Labour Code concerning the protection of populations, patients and workers against the risks of ionizing radiations; Recueil de textes reglementaires relatifs a la radioprotection. Partie 2: arretes et decisions pris en application du Code de Sante Publique et du Code du Travail concernant la protection de la population, des patients et des travailleurs contre les dangers des rayonnements ionisants

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2007-05-15

This collection of texts includes the general measures of population protection, exposure to natural radiations, general system of authorizations and statements, protection of persons exposed to ionizing radiations for medical purpose, situations of radiological emergency and long exposure to ionizing radiations, penal dispositions, application of the Public Health code and application of the Labour code. Chronological contents by date of publication is given. (N.C.)

Feminicidio y derecho penal: herramientas para su mejor aplicación

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Jhoanna Caterine Prieto Moreno

2012-01-01

Full Text Available El numeral 11 del artículo 104 del Código Penal colombiano introdujo como causal de agravación del homicidio aquella acción que se comete contra una mujer en razón a su condición de género, pero que ello no llega a ser suficiente en razón al desconocimiento que se tiene por parte del aparato jurisdiccional penal para su debida aplicación, en razón a que no se tiene claridad sobre las motivaciones que llevaron al victimario a cometer dicho homicidio (feminicidio.

Collection of regulatory texts relative to radiation protection. Part 2: orders and decisions taken in application of the Public Health Code and Labour Code concerning the protection of populations, patients and workers against the risks of ionizing radiations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2007-05-01

This collection of texts includes the general measures of population protection, exposure to natural radiations, general system of authorizations and statements, protection of persons exposed to ionizing radiations for medical purpose, situations of radiological emergency and long exposure to ionizing radiations, penal dispositions, application of the Public Health code and application of the Labour code. Chronological contents by date of publication is given. (N.C.)

The penalization of migrants: irregularity and prison in the construction of the neoliberal State

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Ignacio González Sánchez

2016-06-01

Full Text Available In this paper the punitive processes affecting foreigners in Spain are analyzed. After a brief contextualization of the migratory process, and its problematization in terminology related to insecurity and crime, attention is paid to two ways of penalization: the administrative one, linked with laws for foreigners, and the penal one, reinforced by the precarious situation of these collectives. Later, an analysisi of their effects of the material —related to the labor market—, symbolic —in social categorizations— and disciplinary –in the conformation of subjectivities- is provided. The pertinence of studying processes of penalization to discern broader social dynamics and the pertince of giving more importance to these processes in studies about migrant populations is here proposed.

Assessing Hungary’s Stance on Migration and Asylum in Light of the European and Hungarian Migration Strategies

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Juhász Krisztina

2017-06-01

Full Text Available The European Union and its member states are facing one of their biggest challenges in recent years due to the surge in migration. This crisis saw more than a million migrants and refugees cross into Europe in 2015. Solutions and policies have been advanced at both the European and national levels, keeping in mind that migration policy is an area of shared competence under Article 4 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU. On 13 May 2015, the EU adopted the European Agenda on Migration, which set out immediate and medium-term actions designed to tackle the crisis more effectively. Earlier, in October 2013, the Hungarian government adopted its own migration strategy. The first part of this study provides some insight into the aims and measures contained in the European and Hungarian migration strategies. In the second part, I focus on the steps taken by the Hungarian government regarding asylum policy and crisis management. I conclude that the actions and communications of the Hungarian government are contrary to both these strategic documents.

All Roads Lead To… Options and Variations in Acquiring Native Proficiency in Hungarian

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Judit H. Ward

2008-01-01

Full Text Available This paper describes a case study conducted with a first generation American heritage learner of Hungarian in a college setting. We have found our study important for several reasons. The latest developments in technology made a variety of new learning environments available, which are used mostly by the new generation of language learners. As a result, instructors are expected to accommodate a variety of learning styles. Are there appropriate resources for the learners of Hungarian, including courses, instructors, textbooks and other learning material? Can they meet the needs of the different generations of language learners with evolving new learning styles?

La Intervención del Derecho Penal en Los Fenómenos Migratorios

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Thamara Duarte Cunha Medeiros

2016-06-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analisar la legitimidad de la intervención penal en los actuales flujos migratórios. La premisa principal considera que la utilización del derecho penal como instrumento de gestión para controlar flujos migratório ratifica el discurso del miedo hacia la inmingración y fomenta la criminalidad organizada que se ha estructurado frente a las políticas tolerancia cero contra la inmigración, especialmente, la trata de personas y el contrabando de migrantes. En este sentido, el analisis y la delimitación del bien jurídico “ política migratória” sugiere una reflexión a la luz de las bases principiológicas del Derecho Penal y despierta cuestiones que implican en una redefinición del derecho de punir en la sociedad del riesgo.

Reliability and validity study on the Hungarian versions of the oswestry disability index and the Quebec back pain disability scale.

Science.gov (United States)

Valasek, Tamás; Varga, Peter Paul; Szövérfi, Zsolt; Kümin, Michelle; Fairbank, Jeremy; Lazary, Aron

2013-05-01

Patient-reported outcome measurements (PROMs) are widely used in spine care. The development of reliable and valid National versions of spine-related disability questionnaires is strongly recommended from both the clinical and scientific points-of-view. The aims of this study were to adapt and validate the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and the Quebec back pain disability scale (QDS) for use with the Hungarian language. After translating and culturally adapting the ODI and QDS, 133 patients with lumbar degenerative spinal disorder filled in the questionnaire booklet twice within 2 weeks. Subjects completed the Hungarian versions of the two PROMs as well as the WHOQoL-BREF validated as a general life quality questionnaire and Visual Analogue Scale of pain. Internal consistency, reliability and construct validity of the questionnaires were determined, as were the standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable change (MDC) scores. The Hungarian ODI consisted of one factor that showed good internal consistency (Cronbach-α 0.890). The QDS showed a four-factor structure with Cronbach-α values between 0.788 and 0.917. No significant floor or ceiling effects were observed. The test-retest analysis showed excellent reliability of the Hungarian ODI and QDS. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were 0.927 and 0.923, respectively. SEM values of 4.8 and 5.2 resulted in a MDC of 13 and 14 points in the Hungarian ODI and QDS, respectively. The correlation coefficient (r) between pain and ODI was 0.680 (p 0.4, p disability measured by the Hungarian ODI and QDS was significantly higher in the surgical subgroup than in non-surgically treated patients (p < 0.001). Translation and cultural adaptation of the ODI and QDS were successful. Hungarian versions of the ODI and QDS proved to be reliable, valid PROMs confirming that they can be used in future clinical and scientific work with Hungarian-speaking spine patients.

[The relationship of work-related psychosocial risk factors with depressive symptoms among Hungarian workers: preliminary results of the Hungarian Work Stress Survey].

Science.gov (United States)

Nistor, Katalin; Nistor, Anikó; Ádám, Szilvia; Szabó, Anita; Konkolÿ Thege, Barna; Stauder, Adrienne

2015-03-01

Research has shown that psychosocial stress acts as a risk factor for mental disorders. The present study aims at processing the preliminary results of the Hungarian Survey of Work Stress, concerning the relationship between depressive symptoms and work stress. Cross-sectional survey among Hungarian workers was carried out (n = 1058, 27.5% man, 72.5% woman, age 37.2 years, SD = 11 years). Psychosocial factors were measured using the COPSOQ II questionnaire, while BDI-9 was used for the assessment of depressive symptoms. Statistical analysis was carried out applying Spearman's correlation and logistic regression. A quarter of the workers reported moderate or severe symptoms of depression (BDI≥19). The study confirmed the association between depressive symptoms and work-family conflict (OR = 2.21, CI: 1.82-2.68), possibilities for development (OR = 0.76, CI: 0.59-0.97) meaning of work (OR = 0.69, CI: 0.59-0.89) and commitment (OR = 0.60, CI: 0.47-0.78). The results point toward the need of such organizational measures that allow for the reduction of psychosocial stress.

Reseñas y Recensiones: Lenis, Karin. (2014). El sistema de responsabilidad penal de menores. Un estudio de las legislaciones de España y Colombia desde la teoría del Derecho Penal del Enemigo.

OpenAIRE

Muñetones Rozo, Ingrid Bibiana

2015-01-01

Reseñas y Recensiones: Reseñas y Recensiones: Lenis, Karin. (2014). El sistema de responsabilidad penal de menores. Un estudio de las legislaciones de España y Colombia desde la teoría del Derecho Penal del Enemigo. Bogotá: Grupo Editorial Ibañez, 644 p.

[Penal institutions in Porto Azzuro].

Science.gov (United States)

Ciccotti, R

1976-01-01

Prior to describing the environmental and human situation of the Porto Azzurro penal Institutions, the Author devotes a chapter to the historical part and gives an outline of the most important events that, in 1600 or thereabouts, led to the construction of the Fort S. Giacoma (where the penitentiary is presently sited), which, after a number of vicissitudes and transfers of title, was finally destined for use, in 1900, as a prison establishment. The subsequent and, in particular, the recent building re-structurations, have radically changed the penitentiary in order to make it more in line with the functions required by the present prison policy. After describing the establishment's setup, which includes many institutes, the Author passes on to consider the problems of personnel and, in particular, of the military staff. In the central chapter on intramural life, he makes an in-depth review of the methods and means of treatment, some of which are proper of this particular environment. In illustrating such convicts' activities, as working, leisure time, education, relationship with the extramural world, the Author lays stress on the always present objective: that directed at helping convicts re-enter social life. In conjunction with health services and religious services, the Author deals at length with the delicate moment of the "audience", viewed as a therapeutic means indispensiable for establishing a valid re-educational contribution. The discipline and discharges conclude the description of the Porto Azzurro penal Institutions, whose environment and various treatment methods in use before the implementation of the new penitentiary System, are dealt with in detail by the Author.

Problems of a Declining Hungarian Birth Rate: A Historical Perspective

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Ildikó Szántó

2015-01-01

about 0.15 – 0.20 percent per year, and currently fertility in Hungary is one of the lowest in Europe. The Hungarian age structure will become increasingly problematic as the fertile age group of the population continues to shrink.

Collecting money at a global level. The UN fundraising campaign for the 1956 Hungarian refugees

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Gusztáv D. KECSKÉS

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The present study examines the role that the UN played in providing the financial means for the international reception of the 1956 Hungarian refugees. According to the author’s conclusions, through the coordination of moneyraising efforts, authorised by international law (that is, by the UN General Assembly’s decisions and the professional and trustworthy documentation of humanitarian needs and activities, the institutional network of the UN contributed considerably to the formation and practical implementation of Western governments’ international humanitarian action aimed at solving the crisis of the 1956 Hungarian refugees. This study is based on documents in the UN archives (New York, Geneva, the Swedish National Library (Stockholm, the UNHCR Archives, the Archives of the International Committee of the Red Cross, (Geneva and the NATO Archives (Brussels, and in the Diplomatic Archives Center (La Courneuve, Nantes, Diplomatic Archive (Brussels and the Hungarian National Archives (Budapest.

Penalized feature selection and classification in bioinformatics

OpenAIRE

Ma, Shuangge; Huang, Jian

2008-01-01

In bioinformatics studies, supervised classification with high-dimensional input variables is frequently encountered. Examples routinely arise in genomic, epigenetic and proteomic studies. Feature selection can be employed along with classifier construction to avoid over-fitting, to generate more reliable classifier and to provide more insights into the underlying causal relationships. In this article, we provide a review of several recently developed penalized feature selection and classific...

Responsabilidades en Prevención de riesgos laborales; Especial referencia a la responsabilidad penal

OpenAIRE

Fernández Fernández, Cristina

2012-01-01

En este proyecto fin de grado se abordan las responsabilidades empresariales de prevención de riesgos laborales; civiles, administrativos, penales y recargo de prestaciones por incumplimiento de la normativa de prevención de riesgos laborales, con referencias jurisprudenciales y normativa vigente. Se hace especial referencia a la responsabilidad penal detallando los distintos tipos de delito; de peligro y de resultado, con sus distintas modalidades dolosa e imprudente, en su...

The American Reception and Settlement of Hungarian Refugees in 1956–1957

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Peter Pastor

2016-10-01

Full Text Available In the wake of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, close to two hundred thousand Hungarians crossed into Austria.  About thirty thousand of these refugees were allowed to enter the United States. Their common experience of living under totalitarian communism and participating or being a witness to the exhilarating thirteen days of the revolution and their sudden, previously unplanned, departure from the homeland gave them a collective identity that was different from the one shared by the people of previous waves of Hungarian influx to the United States. The high educational level of the refugees attained before and after their arrival made their absorption into the mainstream relatively easy. The integration process was facilitated by the shaping of a positive image of the 1956 refugees by the US government and the media.  The reestablishment of the communist system in post-1956 Hungary contributed to the perception that, for the refugees in the United States, there was no hope for return to the homeland.  This assumption strengthened the attitudes of those who wished to embrace the American melting pot model.  Many of the 1956-ers in the United Sates, however, were also comfortable with the notion of ethnic pride and believed in the shaping of a dual national identity.

The Mid-Hungarian line: a zone of repeated tectonic inversions

Science.gov (United States)

Csontos, László; Nagymarosy, András

1998-11-01

The Mid-Hungarian line is a major tectonic feature of the Intra-Carpathian area separating two terranes of different origin and tectonic structure. Although this tectonic line was known from borehole records, it has not been described in seismic sections. The study presents interpreted seismic lines crossing the supposed trace of the Mid-Hungarian line. These seismic sections show north-dipping normal faults and thrust faults as well as cross-cutting young strike-slip faults. A complex tectonic history is deduced, including intra-Oligocene-Early Miocene thrusting, Middle Miocene extension, local Late Miocene inversion and Late Miocene-Pliocene normal faulting and left-lateral wrenching. In the light of our seismic study we think that the best candidate for the Mid-Hungarian line is a north-dipping detachment fault beneath large masses of Neogene volcanics. The auxiliary structures to the north seen on seismic sections suggest that it moved as a south-vergent thrust fault during the Palaeogene-Early Miocene which later was reactivated as a set of normal faults. The northern Alcapa unit overrode the southern Tisza-Dacia unit along this fault zone. The same relative positions are observed in the northern termination of the line. Other structures along the supposed trace of the line are north-dipping normal- or strike-slip faults which frequently were reactivated as smaller thrust faults during the late Neogene. Palaeogene-Early Miocene thrusting along the line might be the result of the opposite Tertiary rotations of the two major units, as suggested by palaeomagnetic measurements and earlier models.

FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AND BANKRUPTCY PREDICTION IN HUNGARIAN DAIRY SECTOR

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Rozsa Andrea

2014-07-01

The preliminary sample for the analysis is framed on the basis of three criteria: amount of the subscribed capital, sales revenues and product structure. Those companies are regarded as competitors that have subscribed capitals in excess of HUF 250 million, consistently high levels of sales revenues and diversified product structures. The preliminary sample consists of 7 companies. In 2012, their total sales revenues were as high as about 50% of the overall amount of sales revenues in the sector. Three of the 7 companies are possessed by foreign owners in full or part, whereas 4 of them belong to Hungarian owners. In 2012, Hungarian-owned companies covered more than one-third of the combined sales revenues of the 7 leading companies. Hence, the competitive positions of these 4 companies based on their financial positions are examined. These calculations have relied on the annual reports for the period of 2008–2012 (balance sheets, income statements, cash flow statements. The research has implemented a comprehensive and comparative financial analysis. The main question is what the key financial characteristics of the Hungarian-owned companies are. Financial indicators are calculated and their time-series analysis is accomplished to describe the sample companies’ capital structures, liquidity and profitability. Using comparative analysis of the applied financial ratios the study determines (1 which company has the most advantageous financial conditions for the successful operation; (2 which companies have disadvantageous financial situation; and (3 which companies are in potential financial distress situation. Potential bankruptcy positions are examined by the applications of Altman and Springate models.

The deficit mechanism of the Hungarian municipalities

OpenAIRE

Vasvári, Tamás

2012-01-01

The management of the Hungarian municipal sector has received special attention since the crisis in 2008 and interest in the sector increased further due to the changes in legislation in 2011. A great number of economy experts and speakers on behalf of the government or the municipalities provided further details on prevailing issues in the municipal sector, however, their assessment of the severity of these issues varied greatly. By describing the logical framework of the deficit mechanism t...

Hungarian experience in using the IAEA planning methodologies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bacsko, M.

1997-01-01

The Hungarian Power Companies Ltd. has been using the IAEA planning methodologies since 1985 when it acquired the WASP model. Since then this model has been applied on a regular basis to determine the least cost expansion plan of the power generating system of the country. This report describes this experience as well as the application of the WASP model for other types of studies. (author)

Hungarian experience in using the IAEA planning methodologies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bacsko, M [Hungarian Power Companis Ltd, Budapest (Hungary)

1997-09-01

The Hungarian Power Companies Ltd. has been using the IAEA planning methodologies since 1985 when it acquired the WASP model. Since then this model has been applied on a regular basis to determine the least cost expansion plan of the power generating system of the country. This report describes this experience as well as the application of the WASP model for other types of studies. (author).

Performance of penalized maximum likelihood in estimation of genetic covariances matrices

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Meyer Karin

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Estimation of genetic covariance matrices for multivariate problems comprising more than a few traits is inherently problematic, since sampling variation increases dramatically with the number of traits. This paper investigates the efficacy of regularized estimation of covariance components in a maximum likelihood framework, imposing a penalty on the likelihood designed to reduce sampling variation. In particular, penalties that "borrow strength" from the phenotypic covariance matrix are considered. Methods An extensive simulation study was carried out to investigate the reduction in average 'loss', i.e. the deviation in estimated matrices from the population values, and the accompanying bias for a range of parameter values and sample sizes. A number of penalties are examined, penalizing either the canonical eigenvalues or the genetic covariance or correlation matrices. In addition, several strategies to determine the amount of penalization to be applied, i.e. to estimate the appropriate tuning factor, are explored. Results It is shown that substantial reductions in loss for estimates of genetic covariance can be achieved for small to moderate sample sizes. While no penalty performed best overall, penalizing the variance among the estimated canonical eigenvalues on the logarithmic scale or shrinking the genetic towards the phenotypic correlation matrix appeared most advantageous. Estimating the tuning factor using cross-validation resulted in a loss reduction 10 to 15% less than that obtained if population values were known. Applying a mild penalty, chosen so that the deviation in likelihood from the maximum was non-significant, performed as well if not better than cross-validation and can be recommended as a pragmatic strategy. Conclusions Penalized maximum likelihood estimation provides the means to 'make the most' of limited and precious data and facilitates more stable estimation for multi-dimensional analyses. It should

Crime and Punishment: Are Copyright Violators Ever Penalized?

Science.gov (United States)

Russell, Carrie

2004-01-01

Is there a Web site that keeps track of copyright Infringers and fines? Some colleagues don't believe that copyright violators are ever penalized. This question was asked by a reader in a question and answer column of "School Library Journal". Carrie Russell is the American Library Association's copyright specialist, and she will answer selected…

La inimputabilidad y el tratamiento del disminuido psíquico en el proceso penal

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José Manuel Rojas Salas

2013-12-01

Full Text Available La Constitución Política colombiana proscribe cualquier tipo de responsabilidad objetiva; en consecuencia, es necesario que la persona a la que se sancione con una pena haya actuado con culpabilidad, cosa que no sucede con los inimputables, personas que no pueden comprender la ilicitud de su conducta o determinarse de acuerdo con dicha comprensión, por lo que el Código Penal establece dos regímenes diferenciados de responsabilidad penal: uno para imputables y otro para inimputables, para quienes no se prevén penas sino medidas de seguridad. Por el contrario, la Ley 906 de 2004 no contempla un tratamiento jurídico diferenciado para quienes no tienen la capacidad de comprender o decidir voluntariamente sobre sus derechos en el proceso penal, por lo que se propone un nuevo enfoque al respecto.

Building Up an On-Line Plant Information System for the Emergency Response Center of the Hungarian Nuclear Safety Directorate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vegh, Janos; Major, Csaba; Horvath, Csaba; Hozer, Zoltan; Adorjan, Ferenc; Lux, Ivan; Horvath, Kristof

2002-01-01

The main design features, services, and human-machine interface characteristics are described of the CERTA VITA on-line plant information system developed and installed by KFKI AEKI at the Nuclear Safety Directorate (NSD) of the Hungarian Atomic Energy Authority (HAEA) in cooperation with experts from the NSD. The Center for Emergency Response, Training, and Analysis (CERTA) located at the headquarters of NSD, Budapest, Hungary, was established in 1997. The center supports the NSD installation, radiological monitoring, and advisory team in case of nuclear emergencies, with appropriate hardware and software for communication, diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction. The vital information transfer and analysis (VITA) system represents an important part of the CERTA, as it provides for the continuous remote inspection of the four VVER-440/V213 units of the Hungarian Paks nuclear power plant (NPP). The on-line information system maintains a continuous data link with the NPP through a managed leased line that connects CERTA to a gateway computer located at the Paks NPP. The present scope of the system is a result of a 4-yr development project: In addition to the basic safety parameter display functions, the VITA system now includes an on-line break parameter estimation module, an extensive training package based on simulated transients, and on-line data transfer capabilities to feed accident diagnosis/analysis codes

Euthanasia in the Broader Framework of Dutch Penal Policies

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Groenhuijsen, M.S.; van Laanen, F.; Groenhuijsen, M.S.; van Laanen, F.

2006-01-01

The authors have regarded euthanasia in the broader framework of Dutch penal policies. They present euthanasia as a typical example of the pragmatic - rather than dogmatic - way the Dutch try to tackle difficult moral problems in connection with the criminal justice system. Definitions, statutory

Evolución del Derecho penal en el ámbito internacional. Pluralismo y garantismo jurídico-penal como criterios orientadores || Evolution Of The Supranational Criminal Law: Pluralism And Protection Of The Civil Liberties As Guiding Criteria

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Jorge Correcher Mira

2013-12-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN La realidad social internacional presenta un nuevo paradigma que debe ser asumido por el Derecho penal. El contexto social internacional, marcado por la globalización a nivel mundial y el proceso de integración europea en el ámbito comunitario, supone una modificación de las líneas clásicas de recepción de las normas penales, demandando un tratamiento supraestatal del sistema penal. En este trabajo, se analiza desde una perspectiva crítica las propuestas de internacionalización del Derecho penal, en la medida que éstas no han seguido nociones como el pluralismo jurídico y el carácter garantista inherente al Derecho penal.   ABSTRACT The social international reality presents a new paradigm that must be taken up office for the Criminal law. The social international context, marked by the globalization worldwide and the process of European integration in the European area, supposes a modification of the classic lines of receipt of the Criminal law, demanding a supranational treatment of the Criminal System. In this work, the offers of internationalize the Criminal Law will be analyzed from a critical point of view, cause these have not followed notions as the juridical pluralism and the protection of civil liberties inherent in the Criminal Law.

Evolución del Derecho penal en el ámbito internacional. Pluralismo y garantismo jurídico-penal como criterios orientadores || Evolution Of The Supranational Criminal Law: Pluralism And Protection Of The Civil Liberties As Guiding Criteria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Correcher Mira

2013-12-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN La realidad social internacional presenta un nuevo paradigma que debe ser asumido por el Derecho penal. El contexto social internacional, marcado por la globalización a nivel mundial y el proceso de integración europea en el ámbito comunitario, supone una modificación de las líneas clásicas de recepción de las normas penales, demandando un tratamiento supraestatal del sistema penal. En este trabajo, se analiza desde una perspectiva crítica las propuestas de internacionalización del Derecho penal, en la medida que éstas no han seguido nociones como el pluralismo jurídico y el carácter garantista inherente al Derecho penal.   ABSTRACT The social international reality presents a new paradigm that must be taken up office for the Criminal law. The social international context, marked by the globalization worldwide and the process of European integration in the European area, supposes a modification of the classic lines of receipt of the Criminal law, demanding a supranational treatment of the Criminal System. In this work, the offers of internationalize the Criminal Law will be analyzed from a critical point of view, cause these have not followed notions as the juridical pluralism and the protection of civil liberties inherent in the Criminal Law.  

Kebijakan Penal Mengenai Kriminalisasi Di Bidang Keuangan

OpenAIRE

Luthan, Salman

2009-01-01

Research of penal policy on criminalization in financial affairs discusses two main problems: regulating policy on criminal offences, and regulating policy on criminal sanction for financial offences. The regulating policy on criminal offences shows an increase of various conducts that have been criminalized by legislator as a consequence of social change, economic and trade globalization, as well as technological development. Justification of criminalization base on liberal individualiatic t...

The Mythical Power of the Dual River-System of the Carpathian Basin: The Notion of a Hungarian Mesopotamia

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Róbert Keményfi

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Gyula Prinz is responsible for the notion of “Magyar Mezopotámia” [Hungarian Mesopotamia]. The natural basis for this idea is that Hungarian culture developed on the surface of an alluvial plains area. This sort of natural environment was the precondition of great civilizations based on agriculture. In other words, the intrinsic Duna-Tisza [Danubius-Tibiscus] river structure, which is similar to that of the rivers Tigris and Euphrates, would elevate Hungary to the status of a mesopotamic country. This is how the central Hungarian area could become the distributing core of culture and how this culture could be radiated towards the neighboring peoples who also lived together with us in the Carpathian Basin. Our “cultural power” therefore “elevated” the cultural level of other peoples who lived with us on the edges of the Carpathian Basin. Accordingly, the end, or the borderline, of the highbrow “core culture” is located where the territory populated by Hungarians ends, or where the plains area shifts into the Carpathian Mountains.

Behaviour Profile of Hungarian Adolescent Outpatients with a Dual Diagnosis

Science.gov (United States)

Dinya, Elek; Csorba, Janos; Suli, Agota; Grosz, Zsofia

2012-01-01

The behaviour dimensions of 244 Hungarian adolescent psychiatric outpatients with a dual diagnosis (intellectual disability and psychiatric diagnosis) were examined by means of the adapted version of the Behaviour Problem Inventory (BPI, Rojahn, Matson, Lott, Esbensen, & Smalls, 2001). Four IQ subgroups were created: borderline, mild, moderate…

27 CFR 24.148 - Penal sums of bonds.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Penal sums of bonds. 24.148 Section 24.148 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE BUREAU... Vinegar Plant Bond, TTB F 5510.2 Not less than the tax on all wine on hand, in transit, or unaccounted for...

La protección penal a niños y adolescentes víctimas de violencia familiar

OpenAIRE

Salazar Mariño, Carlos Rosendo

2014-01-01

La presente investigación titulada "La Protección Penal a Niños y Adolescentes Víctimas de Violencia Familiar" describe los problemas que presentan el sistema de administración de justicia penal respecto a la protección de los derechos de los niños, niñas y adolescentes que sufren violencia en el hogar. Tiene como objetivo principal analizar y describir la protección penal de Jos derechos de los niños, niñas y adolescentes víctimas de violencia familiar, conocer cómo se aplica los principios ...

Wrench tectonics control on Neogene-Quaternary sedimentation along the Mid-Hungarian Mobile Belt

Science.gov (United States)

Pogacsas, Gyorgy; Juhász, Györgyi; Mádl-Szőnyi, Judit; Simon, Szilvia; Lukács, Szilveszter; Csizmeg, János

2010-05-01

The Neogene Pannonian basin is underlain by a large orogenic collage which is built up by several tectonostratigraphic terrains. The basement of the Pannonian Basin became imbricate nappes during the Cretaceous Alpine collision. Nappes of Late Cretaceous in age have been proven below the Great Hungarian Plain (Grow et al 1994). The boundary of the two main terrains, the northwestern ALCAPA (Alpine-Carpathian-Pannonian) and the southeastern TISZA, is the Mid-Hungarian Mobile Belt. It is the most significant neotectonic zone of the Pannonian Basin. The structural analysis of the middle section of the Mid-Hungarian Mobile Belt was carried out on a 120km x 50km area, between the Danube and the Tisza river, on the basis of interpretation of seismic data. The structural analysis of the Neogene-Quaternary sediments was supported by sequence stratigraphic interpretation of seismic, well log and core-sample data. Regional seismic profiles were both oriented in the dip direction, which highlights sediment supply routes into the basin, and strike-oriented. The studied segment of the Mid-Hungarian Mobile Belt consists of several long (some ten kilometres long) strike slip fault zones. The offset lengths of the individual strike slipe faults varies between a few and a dozens of kilometres. Activity along the Mid-Hungarian Mobile Belt can be characterised by four periods, the size and shape of facies zones of each development period were controlled by tectonics: 1. During the early Miocene, the ALPACA moved eastward, bounded by sinistral strike-slipe system along its northern side and dextral strike-slipe fault system along its contact with the Southern Alps and the TISZA terrain. The largest movement took part during the Ottnangian-Karpatian (19-16.5 Ma). The TISZA unit moved northeastward over the remnant Carpathian Flysch Basin (Nemcok et al 2006). These terrains movements resulted in right lateral, convergent wide wrench along the Mid-Hungarian Mobile Belt. The ALPACA

Pancreatic Cancer: Multicenter Prospective Data Collection and Analysis by the Hungarian Pancreatic Study Group.

Science.gov (United States)

Lakatos, Gábor; Balázs, Anita; Kui, Balázs; Gódi, Szilárd; Szücs, Ákos; Szentesi, Andrea; Szentkereszty, Zsolt; Szmola, Richárd; Kelemen, Dezső; Papp, Róbert; Vincze, Áron; Czimmer, József; Pár, Gabriella; Bajor, Judit; Szabó, Imre; Izbéki, Ferenc; Halász, Adrienn; Leindler, László; Farkas, Gyula; Takács, Tamás; Czakó, László; Szepes, Zoltán; Hegyi, Péter; Kahán, Zsuzsanna

2016-06-01

Pancreatic cancer is a devastating disease with poor prognosis. There is very limited information available regarding the epidemiology and treatment strategies of pancreatic cancer in Central Europe. The purpose of the study was to prospectively collect and analyze data of pancreatic cancer in the Hungarian population. The Hungarian Pancreatic Study Group (HPSG) organized prospective, uniform data collection. Altogether 354 patients were enrolled from 14 Hungarian centers. Chronic pancreatitis was present in 3.7% of the cases, while 33.7% of the patients had diabetes. Family history for pancreatic cancer was positive in 4.8%. The most frequent presenting symptoms included pain (63.8%), weight loss (63%) and jaundice (52.5%). The reported frequency of smoking and alcohol consumption was lower than expected (28.5% and 27.4%, respectively). The majority of patients (75.6%) were diagnosed with advanced disease. Most patients (83.6%) had a primary tumor located in the pancreatic head. The histological diagnosis was ductal adenocarcinoma in 90.7% of the cases, while neuroendocrine tumor was present in 5.3%. Biliary stent implantation was performed in 166 patients, 59.2% of them received metal stents. Primary tumor resection was performed in 60 (16.9%) patients. Enteral or biliary bypass was done in 35 and 49 patients, respectively. In a multivariate Cox-regression model, smoking status and presence of gemcitabine-based chemotherapy were identified as independent predictors for overall survival. We report the first data from a large cohort of Hungarian pancreatic cancer patients. We identified smoking status and chemotherapy as independent predictors in this cohort.

Hungarian-Vietnamese Nuclear Energy Train the Trainers Course

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aszódi, Attila; Boros, Ildikó; Czifrus, Szabolcs; Kiss, István

2014-01-01

HUVINETT 2012-2013: Hungarian-Vietnamese Nuclear Energy „Train the Trainers” Course: HUVINETT Courses at Paks NPP - • 3 weeks of practice oriented training; • Practical application of nuclear theory and knowledge; • Plant technology; • Importance of nuclear safety; • Behavioral standards and required attitude in a nuclear power plant; • Practice in real working environment: – Maintenance Performance Improvement Center; – Simulator; – Labs and workshops of the plant

Iluminismo e absolutismo no modelo jurídico-penal de Cesare Beccaria

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Alexander de Castro

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Cesare Beccaria, tido como o autor que,elaborando um sistema de direito penal com base emprincípios iluministas, criou as bases do modernodireito penal de cunho liberal, possuía, entretanto,vínculos muito profundos com o absolutismo austríaco.Assim, no presente trabalho, analisaremosalguns pontos da tessitura política em que Beccariaproduziu a obra Dei Delitti e delle Pene, procurandoaprofundar a compreensão sobre o modo como oIluminismo, no contexto de formação do absolutismohabsbúrgico, funcionaria na elaboração do modelojurídico-penal do jurista italiano.Abstract: Cesare Beccaria, known as the authorwho, elaborating a system of criminal law basedon illuminists principles, has created the bases ofthe modern liberal criminal law, had, however, verydeep bonds with the Austrian absolutism. Thus,in the present paper, we will analyze some pointsof the politic structure where Beccaria producedhis work Dei Delitti e delle Pene, seeking to examinethe understanding about the way Illuminism,in the context of the Habsburg absolutism’sformation, would operate in the elaboration ofthe Italian jurist’s legal criminal model.

Marginal longitudinal semiparametric regression via penalized splines

KAUST Repository

Al Kadiri, M.

2010-08-01

We study the marginal longitudinal nonparametric regression problem and some of its semiparametric extensions. We point out that, while several elaborate proposals for efficient estimation have been proposed, a relative simple and straightforward one, based on penalized splines, has not. After describing our approach, we then explain how Gibbs sampling and the BUGS software can be used to achieve quick and effective implementation. Illustrations are provided for nonparametric regression and additive models.

Marginal longitudinal semiparametric regression via penalized splines

KAUST Repository

Al Kadiri, M.; Carroll, R.J.; Wand, M.P.

2010-01-01

We study the marginal longitudinal nonparametric regression problem and some of its semiparametric extensions. We point out that, while several elaborate proposals for efficient estimation have been proposed, a relative simple and straightforward one, based on penalized splines, has not. After describing our approach, we then explain how Gibbs sampling and the BUGS software can be used to achieve quick and effective implementation. Illustrations are provided for nonparametric regression and additive models.

Tratamiento de la delincuencia organizada en España: en particular, tras la reforma penal del 2010

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José Luis De la Cuesta Arzamendi

2013-04-01

Full Text Available La reforma operada por la Ley Orgánica 5/2010 en el Código Penal español ha supuesto, en relación con la delincuencia organizada, una completa reestructuración de los tipos penales relativos a las organizaciones y grupos criminales, con lo que se supera la insatisfactoria situación anterior de ausencia de un concepto penal de organización criminal, que aparece ya legalmente establecido. No pocos son los problemas técnicos que suscita la nueva regulación, tanto en lo que se refiere a la extensión de los tipos penales como por el solapamiento de estos con otras modalidades delictivas y actos punibles (v. gr., los delitos de asociación ilícita, que continúan vigentes. Los defectos de técnica legislativa se extienden, igualmente, al campo de las sanciones y demás consecuencias jurídicas del delito, respecto de las que se confirma la tendencia endurecedora del ordenamiento jurídico español, el cual también se caracteriza por la progresiva introducción de regulaciones procesales específicas, dirigidas a favorecer la persecución penal. La presente contribución pasa revista a esta nueva situación normativa, que se analiza en la línea de la dogmática jurídico-penal, al poner de relieve sus contradicciones e insuficiencias desde el prisma políticocriminal en un área de la mayor importancia criminológica y para la seguridad de los ciudadanos.

The Moderating Effect of Valenced Contact: Slovak Language Media Use, Acculturation and L2 Confidence among Young Hungarian Speakers

Science.gov (United States)

Vincze, Laszlo; Gasiorek, Jessica

2016-01-01

Integrating the tenets of the social context model of L2 acquisition with insights from the parasocial contact hypothesis, the present paper addresses the role of mass media in L2 acquisition and acculturation among young Hungarian speakers in Slovakia. Questionnaire data were collected among Hungarian-speaking secondary school students (N = 310).…

Producing Just Papers or Creating Added Value? Snap-Shot about Quality Systems at Hungarian SMEs

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Emil NYERKI

2015-08-01

Full Text Available In this paper, a short historical review and the research results are presented, which are focused on the quality management systems used by the Hungarian SME’s. The research was based on an original empirical survey, conducted using a random sample of fifty managers from small and medium sized Hungarian enterprises. All of them use certified quality management systems. The paper presents their current state in the light of their responses, under several aspects. In conclusion, suggestions are given for the problems, such as measurement, development, and education on the research topic.

Early Hungarian Information about the Mongol Western Campaign (1235–1242 »

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Roman Hautala

2015-09-01

Full Text Available The author of this article examines the origin of the primary information about the Mongol Western Campaign spread in the Kingdom of Hungary on the eve of the Mongol invasion of Eastern Europe. At the beginning of this article, the author pays particular attention to the information on the Mongol expansion, which appeared in the Hungarian Kingdom through the Cumans of southern Moldova. After that the author goes on to consider the earliest news about the beginning of the Mongol Western Campaign delivered to the Hungarian Kingdom by Catholic missionaries as a result of their persistent attempts to find a historic ancestral home of the western Hungarians. The primary information about the beginning of the Mongol Western Campaign was brought to Europe by Dominican Friar Julian, after his return from a journey to the Trans-Volga Magyars in the late 1235. In addition to the valuable description of the Eastern European peoples on the eve of the Mongol invasion, Julian’s report on his first journey to the East contains interesting information about both the early Jochid expansion that preceded the Mongol Western Campaign and the arrival to the land of the Trans-Volga Magyars of the official representative of the Mongol power who informed the Magyars on the completion of the all-Mongolian kuriltai of 1235, which made the decision on the beginning of the Mongol campaign in the West. In turn, the letter of Friar Julian written at the beginning of 1238 is repleted with information about the Mongol tactical warfare, previous military campaigns of Genghis Khan and Jochi, and the first Mongol conquest in the early stages of the Western campaign of Batu. But the most important news brought by Friar Julian in Hungary was an oral report of the Prince of Vladimir on the Mongol plans to attack the Hungarian Kingdom confirming both by the contents of the Batu’s ultimatum and eschatological interpretations of future events.

El nuevo tratamiento penal del blanqueo de capitales en el derecho brasileño (ley 12.683/2012)

OpenAIRE

Regis Prado, Luiz

2013-01-01

Análisis de los impactos causados por la nueva ley (12.683/2012) sobre el tratamiento penal del blanqueo de capitales This is an analysis of the impacts caused by the law 12.683/2012 concerning the penal treatment of money laudering

Crimen organizado: concepto y posibilidad de tipificación delante del contexto de la expansión del derecho penal

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André Luis Callegari

2010-12-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo aborda las dificultades encontradas por el Derecho penal brasileño para la calificación del crimen organizado. En primer lugar se emprende un análisis del panorama actual de la política criminal delante del proceso de expansión del Derecho penal, más específicamente en sus aspectos simbólico y punitivista/eficientista, que, en conjunto, resultan en un modelo de intervención penal que posee vínculos bastante estrechos con el derecho penal del enemigo defendido por el penalista alemán GÜNTHER JAKOBS. En un segundo momento se estudia el tratamiento dispensado por el Derecho penal contemporáneo –en especial el brasileño– en el fenómeno de las organizaciones criminales delante de este contexto de expansión punitiva. En un tercer momento se hacen consideraciones sobre el proyecto de ley nº 150/2006, que busca la calificación penal del crimen organizado en Brasil y dispone sobre la investigación criminal, medios de obtención de prueba, crímenes correlatos y procedimiento criminal a ser aplicado a la referida modalidad delictiva.

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Hungarian version of the Core Outcome Measures Index for the back (COMI Back).

Science.gov (United States)

Klemencsics, Istvan; Lazary, Aron; Valasek, Tamas; Szoverfi, Zsolt; Bozsodi, Arpad; Eltes, Peter; Fekete, Tamás Fülöp; Varga, Peter Pal

2016-01-01

The Core Outcome Measure Index (COMI) is a short, multidimensional outcome instrument developed for the evaluation of patients with spinal conditions. The aim of this study was to produce a cross-culturally adapted and validated Hungarian version of the COMI Back questionnaire. A cross-cultural adaptation of the COMI into Hungarian was carried out using established guidelines. Low back pain patients completed a booklet of questionnaires containing the Hungarian versions of COMI, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and WHO Quality of Life-BREF assessment (WHOQOL-BREF). The validation of the COMI included assessment of its construct validity, reliability, and responsiveness. 145 patients participated in the assessment of reliability and 159 surgically treated patients were included in the responsiveness study. Excellent correlation was found between COMI and ODI scores (rho = 0.83, p cross-cultural adaptation of the COMI into the Hungarian language was successful, resulting in a reliable and valid measurement tool with good clinimetric properties.

Look Behind the (Animated Pictures. Notes on the Role of the Aesopic Language in Hungarian Animated Film

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Varga Zoltán

2015-08-01

Full Text Available The essay explores a certain tendency of Hungarian animated film related to a strategy of constructing meaning. The so-called Aesopic language, which can be found in Hungarian animated film, is interested in creating ambiguity, hidden meanings, especially against oppressive political systems. The paper approaches the development of the Aesopic language in Hungarian animated film based on two factors. The first one examines the characteristics of the animated film in general, focusing on the double sense of the animated image. The second one is a historical approach, considering how the Communist regime affected artistic freedom, and how the Aesopic language became general in Central and Eastern Europe during the decades of Communism. After delineating the concept, the essay continues with interpretations of Hungarian animated films produced by the famous Pannonia Film Studio as examples of the Aesopic language. The paper distinguishes between a less and a more direct variant of creating ambiguity, depending on whether the animated films lack or contain explicit references to the Communist system. The group o|f the less direct variant includes Rondino, Changing Times and The Fly, among the examples of the more direct variant we can find Storv about N, Our Holidays and Mind the Steps!.

On the use of a penalized least squares method to process kinematic full-field measurements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moulart, Raphaël; Rotinat, René

2014-01-01

This work is aimed at exploring the performances of an alternative procedure to smooth and differentiate full-field displacement measurements. After recalling the strategies currently used by the experimental mechanics community, a short overview of the available smoothing algorithms is drawn up and the requirements that such an algorithm has to fulfil to be applicable to process kinematic measurements are listed. A comparative study of the chosen algorithm is performed including the 2D penalized least squares method and two other commonly implemented strategies. The results obtained by penalized least squares are comparable in terms of quality to those produced by the two other algorithms, while the penalized least squares method appears to be the fastest and the most flexible. Unlike both the other considered methods, it is possible with penalized least squares to automatically choose the parameter governing the amount of smoothing to apply. Unfortunately, it appears that this automation is not suitable for the proposed application since it does not lead to optimal strain maps. Finally, it is possible with this technique to perform the derivation to obtain strain maps before smoothing them (while the smoothing is normally applied to displacement maps before the differentiation), which can lead in some cases to a more effective reconstruction of the strain fields. (paper)

Evaluation of Penalized and Nonpenalized Methods for Disease Prediction with Large-Scale Genetic Data

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Sungho Won

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Owing to recent improvement of genotyping technology, large-scale genetic data can be utilized to identify disease susceptibility loci and this successful finding has substantially improved our understanding of complex diseases. However, in spite of these successes, most of the genetic effects for many complex diseases were found to be very small, which have been a big hurdle to build disease prediction model. Recently, many statistical methods based on penalized regressions have been proposed to tackle the so-called “large P and small N” problem. Penalized regressions including least absolute selection and shrinkage operator (LASSO and ridge regression limit the space of parameters, and this constraint enables the estimation of effects for very large number of SNPs. Various extensions have been suggested, and, in this report, we compare their accuracy by applying them to several complex diseases. Our results show that penalized regressions are usually robust and provide better accuracy than the existing methods for at least diseases under consideration.

Delito de Bigamia e Intervención Mínima: ¿Es el Matrimonio, Todavía, un Bien Jurídico-Penal?

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Gerson Faustino Rosa

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Este artículo trata de los delitos contra el matrimonio, y del delito de bigamia como figura central, que no es compatible con la función actual del sistema penal, criticándose los bienes que deberían ser objeto de protección por otras áreas del derecho. Se trata de la política criminal sobre la planificación familiar, criticándose la intervención del Estado en los asuntos familiares. Se destacan los principios de intervención mínima, fragmentaridad, subsidiariedad y proporcionalidade. Se analiza el tipo penal del art. 235 del Código Penal, criticándose dicha penalización, dado que es un tipo penal subsidiario, perfectamente prescindible por el ordenamiento jurídico-penal.

A Postneoliberal Turn? Variants of the Recent Penal Policy in Argentina

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Maximo Sozzo

2017-03-01

Full Text Available This paper analysed the connection between the emergence and consolidation of a postneoliberal political program and alliance – Kirchnerism – and penal policies in Argentina. Three key moments are identified in this recent period. After the experience of an intense punitive turn during the 1990s and early 2000s, Kirchnerist political alliances tried to deploy a progressive political discourse and agenda on penal issues. Nevertheless, this initially coincided with a strong wave of penal populism ‘from below’ that continued the precedent trend towards increasing punitiviness.  Since 2005, and for a brief moment, this tendency stopped. However, after that and during the presidencies of Fernandez de Kirchner a more volatile and contradictory scenario was generated. The incarceration rate between 2002 and 2014 in Argentina grew substantially as did the rate of convictions. Meanwhile the percentage of suspended sentences as part of the total convictions and the percentage of custodial sanctions both fell. Especially in relation to incarceration, these levels of change are not as stark as those of the preceding decades. However, the trends persist. Therefore, the question of how to transcend the dynamics of the punitive turn remains a pending and urgent political subject. The article argues the importance of analysing why a punitive turn is interrupted and presents an explanation of it.

Problems of causality in environmental penal law. The relevance of causality problems on the environmental sector from the view of penal law. Kausalitaetsprobleme im Umweltstrafrecht. Die strafrechtliche Relevanz der Schwierigkeiten naturwissenschaftlicher Kausalfeststellung im Umweltbereich

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kleine-Cosack, E.

1988-01-01

The 'classic' elements of an offence against human health or property are not applicable in environmental law, owing to problems of causality. The new environmental penal law therefore focuses on the 'capability' of any act to damage human health, animal health, vegetation, water, air, or soil. It remarks doubtful whether this approach is more efficient. Further, there is still the problem of assessing damage. The book discusses causality problems in environmental penal law. Causality in a given case is discussed from the view of general causality laws and problems of proof. Other possible causes of damage must be excluded. The author discusses: Interdependences between scientific and penal causality, the problems of successful and potential offences, the relationship between individual and universal objects of legal protection, and procedural issues (e.g. the binding effect of experts' opinions on a given subject). (orig./HSCH).

El garantismo y el punitivismo en el Código Orgánico Integral Penal

OpenAIRE

Sebastián Cornejo Aguiar

2016-01-01

El objetivo del presente artículo es determinar la necesidad de la existencia de una parte punitivista y una garantista dentro del Código Orgánico Integral Penal, partiendo del estudio de la actualización doctrinaria en materia penal dentro del ordenamiento jurídico ecuatoriano, considerando que al ser el Ecuador un Estado constitucional de derechos y justicia, nos inspira a la construcción de mecanismos que tengan como fundamento y fin la tutela de las libertades del individuo, frente a las ...

FROM THE ZITZER CLUB TO THE BATTLE OF LASLOVO. The involvement of the Hungarian minorities in the 1991-1995 Yugoslav wars

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Szabolcs LÁSZLÓ

2012-12-01

Full Text Available The paper addresses a ‘blind-spot’ of the scholarly works dealing the 1991- 1995 wars in former Yugoslavia, namely: examining the involvement of the Hungarian minorities of the Baranja and Vojvodina regions in the armed conflicts of the war in Croatia. It starts with a short presentation of the demographic and political situation of the Hungarian communities living in the two regions. The following comparative analysis will embed the issue in the ongoing scholarly discussions on ethnicity formation and ethnic conflict, giving a conceptualization of the phenomenon discussed, and explaining the nature of the involvement of the Hungarian minority in the war. The case of the Hungarian minorities reinforces the perspective that the armed conflict was not an ‘ethnic war’, but an artificially imposed aggression and polarizing force that went against the ‘normal’ frame of mind and social behavior of a multiethnic federal state.

Thermoluminescence dating of some Hungarian medieval churches

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kasa, I.; Bajnoczy, G.

1984-01-01

Thermoluminescence dating of three Hungarian historic churches was performed using the quarz inclusion technique and sup(60)Co gamma irradiation. Quarz grains obtained from the bricks were irradiated and the radiation doses were measured by CaSOsub(4):Dy TL dosemeters. Glow curves of irradiated and non-irradiated samples were also measured. From the results it was concluded that the ages of two churches were 10 and 30 percent less, respectively, than the ages estimated earlier. The age of the third church proved to be correct. (R.P.)

Food irradiation and Hungarian experiences with it

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Farkas, Jozsef; Kiss, Istvan

1988-01-01

Among the different types of food irradiation techniques using ionizing radiations the methods serving - in a direct or indirect way - the purposes of health protection are reviewed. Based on foreign and Hungarian examples radurization of vegetables (potatoes, onions, garlics) by low irradiation doses, radiosterilization of corn, tropic and subtropic fruits, radicidation of dry additivies (spice, medicinal herb) and foodstuffs of animal origin (meat, poultry, egg, fish, shrimp, etc.) are discussed. The general situation of food irradiation in Hungary inlcuding licensing procedures is evaluated. (V.N.) 32 refs.; 3 figs.

Reactor Dosimetry Aspects of the Service Life Extension of the Hungarian Paks NPP

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Zsolnay Eva M.

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The service life of the Hungarian Paks Nuclear Power Plant (NPP will be extended from the originally planned 30 years to 50 years. To improve the reliability of the results obtained in frame of the old reactor pressure vessel (RPV surveillance programme, new methods have been developed, and based on them, the old exposition data have been re-evaluated for all the four reactor units. At the same time, a new RPV surveillance programme has been developed and introduced, and long term irradiations have been performed to determine the radiation damage of the surveillance specimens due to the high fast neutron exposition. Neutron transport calculations have been performed with a validated neutron transport code system to determine the fast neutron exposition of the RPVs during the extended service life. The cavity dosimetry is in the introductory phase. This paper presents the new developments in the field of the RPV surveillance dosimetry and summarises the results obtained. According to the results the service life of the NPP can safely be extended for the planned 50 years.

Computerization of Hungarian reforestation manual with machine learning methods

Science.gov (United States)

Czimber, Kornél; Gálos, Borbála; Mátyás, Csaba; Bidló, András; Gribovszki, Zoltán

2017-04-01

Hungarian forests are highly sensitive to the changing climate, especially to the available precipitation amount. Over the past two decades several drought damages were observed for tree species which are in the lower xeric limit of their distribution. From year to year these affected forest stands become more difficult to reforest with the same native species because these are not able to adapt to the increasing probability of droughts. The climate related parameter set of the Hungarian forest stand database needs updates. Air humidity that was formerly used to define the forest climate zones is not measured anymore and its value based on climate model outputs is highly uncertain. The aim was to develop a novel computerized and objective method to describe the species-specific climate conditions that is essential for survival, growth and optimal production of the forest ecosystems. The method is expected to project the species spatial distribution until 2100 on the basis of regional climate model simulations. Until now, Hungarian forest managers have been using a carefully edited spreadsheet for reforestation purposes. Applying binding regulations this spreadsheet prescribes the stand-forming and admixed tree species and their expected growth rate for each forest site types. We are going to present a new machine learning based method to replace the former spreadsheet. We took into great consideration of various methods, such as maximum likelihood, Bayesian networks, Fuzzy logic. The method calculates distributions, setups classification, which can be validated and modified by experts if necessary. Projected climate change conditions makes necessary to include into this system an additional climate zone that does not exist in our region now, as well as new options for potential tree species. In addition to or instead of the existing ones, the influence of further limiting parameters (climatic extremes, soil water retention) are also investigated. Results will be

Development of banking in Herzegovina during the Austro-Hungarian occupation

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Vujović Milan

2015-01-01

Full Text Available This paper gives an overview of the development of cash offices and banks in Herzegovina under Austro-Hungarian occupation. Priority in development was given to its economy and banks by Austro-Hungarian authorities, especially banks with foreign capital in relation to the founding and development of domestic banks in Herzegovina. New authorities were especially active in building military barracks, headquarters, fixing the roads and other infrastructure, which increased employment, cash flow and the need to found banks. On the other hand, by repressive measures and divisions according to religion and nationality, occupying authorities were holding back a faster economic, cultural and sports development of the domestic population. At the initiative of the Serbian and other nations in Herzegovina, they founded economic, banking, cultural and sports organizations and associations which were actively involved in the country's development. That was the foundation for the development of a network of banking organizations and cash offices, which contributed to larger cash flow and the advancement of economy, crafts, trade and other activities in the country.

Aporía de la política criminal del exhibicionismo penal en México

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Alan Jair García Flores

2017-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo tiene como fin ulterior, esgrimir las líneas esenciales de la política criminal de exhibicionismo penal contra los presuntos responsables de la comisión de delitos, circunstancia que vulnera el esquema garantista del sistema penal mexicano adoptado a través de la reforma constitucional de 2008 y degrada el constructo social del Estado Democrático de Derecho , robustecido mediante la reforma constitucional en materia de derechos humanos de 2011. A lo larg o de los siguientes apartados, se esgrime un estudio sobre los derechos fundamentales lesionados por la práctica estatal del exhibicionismo penal, hecho que ha significado violaciones tanto al debido proceso legal como a la dignidad y honor de los gobernad os quienes deberían ser los principales sujetos de protección del Estado mexicano.

Integrative Analysis of Cancer Diagnosis Studies with Composite Penalization

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Jin; Huang, Jian; Ma, Shuangge

2013-01-01

Summary In cancer diagnosis studies, high-throughput gene profiling has been extensively conducted, searching for genes whose expressions may serve as markers. Data generated from such studies have the “large d, small n” feature, with the number of genes profiled much larger than the sample size. Penalization has been extensively adopted for simultaneous estimation and marker selection. Because of small sample sizes, markers identified from the analysis of single datasets can be unsatisfactory. A cost-effective remedy is to conduct integrative analysis of multiple heterogeneous datasets. In this article, we investigate composite penalization methods for estimation and marker selection in integrative analysis. The proposed methods use the minimax concave penalty (MCP) as the outer penalty. Under the homogeneity model, the ridge penalty is adopted as the inner penalty. Under the heterogeneity model, the Lasso penalty and MCP are adopted as the inner penalty. Effective computational algorithms based on coordinate descent are developed. Numerical studies, including simulation and analysis of practical cancer datasets, show satisfactory performance of the proposed methods. PMID:24578589

Quality management and patient safety: survey results from 102 Hungarian hospitals.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Makai, P.; Klazinga, N.; Wagner, C.; Boncz, I.; Gulácsi, L.

2009-01-01

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to describe the development of quality management systems in Hungarian hospitals. It also aims to answer the policy question, whether a separate patient safety policy should be created additional to quality policies, on national as well as hospital level. METHOD:

El Ministerio Público y la “Atención Primaria” de la Conflictividad Penal

OpenAIRE

Mendaña, Ricardo J.; Arias Salgado, Alicia

2008-01-01

El artículo revisa la aplicación práctica de los conceptos pertinentes a la mejora de la justicia penal. La adopción de nuevos paradigmas y líneas de acción para intervenir frente a los conflictos penales implica situar la mejora de la atención primaria como una estrategia de intervención superior a las actividades de modelos tradicionales de respuesta judicial. This article looks at the practical application of relevant concepts when improving crime justice. The adoption of new paradigms ...

Importance of the Hungarian phytosociological school established at the University of Debrecen in development of current field botany.

Science.gov (United States)

Borhidi, A; Salamon-Albert, Eva

2010-01-01

The paper gives a short panoramic historical survey about the main activities of the Hungarian phytosociology, their chief protagonists, the fundamental role of professor Rezső Soó in the creation and development of the phytosociological school of Debrecen established by him in the Botanical Department of the University of Debrecen, which is celebrating the 80 anniversary of its existence and has played a determinant role in the Hungarian botany.

HOW DOES THE JEREMIE PROGRAM AFFECT THE HUNGARIAN VENTURE CAPITAL MARKET?

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Zsuzsanna Széles

2011-01-01

Full Text Available In the 2007-2013 EU's budgetary period a new program was introduced for SMEs. JEREMIE - Joint European Resources for Micro to medium Enterprises - offers to EU Member States and regions the possibility to invest some of their EU structural funds allocations in revolving funds and so recycle financial resources in order to enhance and accelerate investments in enterprises. The market for venture capital and private equity is relatively small in Central and Eastern Europe, but has matured during the past decade and yields are better than in Western Europe. In 2009 Hungary got the first notification for the venture capital part of the JEREMIE program, and started to organize the channel to distribute this renewable source for Hungarian start-up and innovative (from micro to medium enterprises. 2010 was the first year of the “JEREMIE venture capital funds” in Hungary. There are no tangible results yet, but a snapshot could be taken about how this program affects the Hungarian venture capital market.

La cuestión de la eficacia del procedimiento penal ambiental: Esquema de un elemento óptimo

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Jônica Marques Coura Aragão

2016-06-01

Full Text Available La cuestión ambiental traduce como un problema transnacional que acompana la historia de la humanidad demostrándose, a despecho de la visible evolución científica y tecnológica, siempre más agravada. No obstante pretendan los postulados progresistas interpretar el medio ambiente como fuente de admirable capacidad de recuperación, observase que resta probada la fragilidad existencial de la biosfera, cabiendo a la humanidad el deber de preservar el ambiente para la actual y las futuras generaciones. Delante de esa responsabilidad, la Justicia es la institución designada para hacer cumplir lo que la norma ambiental (nacional o supranacional define como conducta obligatoria; debiendo conferir especial atención a las previsiones de crimen, a la vez que son esas las conductas más agravantes al objeto jurídico protegido. Con todo, esta no es una actividad simple; el derecho penal ambiental es polémico, enfrenta variables delicadas; así como el proceso penal ambiental. Se trata de proceso penal poco común. Consiste en una especie del género proceso penal difuso/colectivo. Se muestra el objetivo general: analizar la posibilidad jurídica de la inserción de un elemento optimizador para que haya efectividad en ese sistema procesal penal. Así la investigación que se desenvuelve es de naturaleza explicativa, con la pretensión de identificar la existencia de relaciones entre las variables pertinentes al tema investigado y, además de eso, determinar la naturaleza de esa relación; para tanto emplea los métodos: sistémico y también lo hipotético-deductivo. Se observa la utilización de la técnica de investigación bibliográfica para realizar un abordaje jurídico del recorte espacio-temporal del objeto de la investigación, cual sea, el sistema penal ambiental brasileno planteado em la Constituición Federal de 1998. Por esa perspectiva se observa que para solucionar la cuestión penal/ambiental, para allá de la perspectiva jur

MEMBANGUN POLITIK KRIMINAL PADA PERTAMBANGAN BATUBARA YANG MENYEJAHTERAKAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI SARANA NON-PENAL

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Arif Firmansyah

2016-04-01

Full Text Available In Article 33 paragraph (3 of the Constitution of 1945, states earth water and natural resources contained therein controlled by the state and used for the welfare of the people. The realization of such mastery by delegating the authority to manage the natural resources of the state to the company is to provide state Mining Permit or Special Mining Permit. In protecting and overseeing the company that is engaged in coal mining government passed Law Number 4 of 2009 on Mineral and Coal Mining. In Article 162 of Law Number 4 of 2009 states that every person who impede or interfere mining activities from business license holders of mining and business permit of the mining specifically penalized by fines or imprisonment. The article shows a process of criminalization an action (criminal policy, which aim to protect the companies that already have a Mining Permit, but the criminal policy is contrary to the purpose of the criminal policy is an effort for the welfare of society and policies the protection of society, the existence of Article 162 of Law Minerals coal and coal mining communities can impede convicted. In the case of the counteraction form caused they want to protect the environment or their ancestral lands from exploration activities. So it is activity is not uncommon form of criminal policy by means of criminal law that gives rise to new conflicts. Therefore the criminal policy should be shifted from penal facilities to non-penal policy more accommodating community participation, so that the purpose of the criminal policy, namely the welfare of society and protect the community can be realized.Keywords: Political Criminal, Mining, Non-Penal

Typically Female Features in Hungarian Shopping Tourism

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Gábor Michalkó

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Although shopping has been long acknowledged as a major tourist activity, the extent and characteristics of shopping tourism have only recently become the subject of academic research and discussion. As a contribution to this field of knowledge, the paper presents the characteristics of shopping tourism in Hungary, and discusses the typically female features of outbound Hungarian shopping tourism. The research is based on a survey of 2473 Hungarian tourists carried out in 2005. As the findings of the study indicate, while female respondents were altogether more likely to be involved in tourist shopping than male travellers, no significant difference was experienced between the genders concerning the share of shopping expenses compared to their total travel budget. In their shopping behaviour, women were typically affected by price levels, and they proved to be both more selfish and more altruistic than men by purchasing more products for themselves and for their family members. The most significant differences between men and women were found in their product preferences as female tourists were more likely to purchase typically feminine goods such as clothes, shoes, bags and accessories, in the timing of shopping activities while abroad, and in the information sources used by tourists, since interpersonal influences such as friends’, guides’ and fellow travellers’ recommendations played a higher role in female travellers’ decisions.

The impact of the language barrier on the success of Hungarian minority women in the higher education system of Serbia

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Lendák-Kabók Karolina

2017-01-01

Full Text Available The subject of the paper is to analyze the impact of the language barrier faced by Hungarian minority female professors and students in the higher education sys­tem of Serbia. The aim of this paper is to propose measures which might allow Hungarian minority students to overcome the language barrier more easily and to raise awareness for the need of more Hungarian women in the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM. The analysis is based on twenty four semi-structured interviews conducted with minority Hungarian female professors and students, who are working or studying at the University of Novi Sad, Serbia. Interviews were conducted with a pre-composed questionnaire between the end of 2014 and the beginning of 2015. Interviewees were chosen with a snowball sampling method. Results of analysis show that the majority of Hungarian women face a language barrier at the start of their studies, mostly because of their limited knowledge of the majority’s language. These barriers were more pronounced in Hungarian female students than with professor. This phenomenon can be attributed to the time in which they grew up, or to a different social environment of the twentieth century, when bilingualism was completely natural, from which, less segregation of the nations resulted and a better knowledge of the Serbian language. The professors particularly point out that being bilingual is a great advantage and that their knowledge of several languages was a key advantage in their academic careers. With the analysis of the interviews it was determined that the language barrier was mostly pronounced for students of social sciences and humanities (SSH, where language is the primary tool of communication. The language barrier was less important for the students studying in STEM sciences, where students and professors interact through formulas and written exams.

A biclustering algorithm for binary matrices based on penalized Bernoulli likelihood

KAUST Repository

Lee, Seokho; Huang, Jianhua Z.

2013-01-01

We propose a new biclustering method for binary data matrices using the maximum penalized Bernoulli likelihood estimation. Our method applies a multi-layer model defined on the logits of the success probabilities, where each layer represents a

Hungarian climate change action plan

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Molnar, S.; Takacs, T. [Systemexpert Consulting Ltd., Budapest (Hungary); Arpasi, M. [MOL, Budapest (Hungary); Farago, T.; Palvoelgyi, T. [Ministry for Environment and Regional Policy, Budapest (Hungary); Harnos, Z. [Univ. of Horticulture, Budapest (Hungary); Lontay, Z. [EGI-Contracting Engineering Co. Ltd., Budapest (Hungary); Somogyi, Z. [Forest Research Inst., Budapest (Hungary); Tajthy, T. [Univ. of Technology, Budapest (Hungary)

1998-12-31

In 1994--1996, within the framework of the US Country Studies Program, the Hungarian Country Study Team developed the national greenhouse gas emission inventory, and elaborated the mitigation options for the different sectors of the economy. In 1997, the development of a National Action Plan was begun as the continuation of this work. Results of the inventory study showed that greenhouse gas emissions decreased from the selected base level (i.e., from the yearly average emissions of 1985--1987) until 1994 by cca. 25%. However, this decrease was primarily caused by the deep economic recession. Therefore the policy makers have to face the problem of economic recovery without a relevant increase of greenhouse gas emissions in the near future. This is the main focus of the mitigation analysis and the National Action Plan.

Pseudo-realia in the Romanian Translations of Various Hungarian Institutions and in the Hungarian Translations of Romanian Public Administration Terms

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Zopus Andras

2016-12-01

Full Text Available My presentation addresses an issue translators of Romanian–Hungarian legal and economic texts encounter almost day by day. Each field of translation is special in its kind, but translating legal/economic texts requires an especially accurate knowledge of the acts, laws, and concepts of both the source and target language since this is essential for the translated text to be really a quality, professional, and – last but not least – an intelligible one to the target-language audience, i.e. the customers.

From new clones to flowers – innovative business models in the Hungarian wine economy

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Kismarjai Balázs

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Due to the ovestocked Hungarian wine sector wineries often need to find entirely new ways that enable them to increase their market share. These opportunities are determined by the current market potentials, the geographic location and of course the wine district itself. In this study I examined some examples of outbreak opportunities for producers in this difficult economic situation. Young winemakers from different Hungarian wine districts unite to open wine bars - these are now present in several towns all over the country. Other winemakers have been experimenting with new clones in less recognized wine districts. A small winery from a historic wine district recommends its wines with flowers in a new shop.

Hungarian situation of the technologically enhanced naturally occuring radioactive materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Juhasz, L.; Szerbin, P.; Czoch, I.

2003-01-01

Full text: In Hungary, the main goal is that the Hungarian regulations should meet with the EU Directive No. 96/29. For this aim, a surveying project has been launched in order to collect all relevant information about the Hungarian TENORM situation. This surveying programme covers a lot of data collection (work activities, disposal places, residue quantities) and radiological measurements on the TENORM site. The Hungarian situation of TENORM definitely differs from other countries in the aspect of occurrence forms of natural sources (or in the imported raw materials), in the quantities of exploitation, in the level of the radioactivity and in the applied technological processes. Firstly, those work activities have been choosen where the huge amount of residues have been produced. The other criteria is that the activity concentration in a great portion of the given residues is much higher than the average activity concentration of the typical Hungarian soil. After filtering and ranking, the following main activities enhanced the radioactivity level are left: uranium mining and milling, coal mining, coal firing in power plants, bauxite mining and aluminous earth production. At the uranium mining and milling area the uranium content of residues ranges from 20 to 70 g t -1 , and above those the dose rate is 0.4-10 μSv h -1 . The waste rock piles and heaps for leaching were restored and the remediation of tailings ponds is still under way. In the mountain Mecsek and on the territory from the highland Balaton to the mountain Vertes, the radioactivity level of the coals is 10-50 times higher than the worldwide average. The coal fired plants have piled up in the order of magnitude of 10 million tons of fly ash, bottom ash and slag in ponds around the plants. The radioactivity of U-238 series of ash and slag is in the range from 200 to 2000 Bq·kg -1 . The radionuclide concentrations of bauxite ores range from 200 to 300 Bq·kg -1 . At the refining factories, a lot of red

Comparing implementations of penalized weighted least-squares sinogram restoration

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Forthmann, Peter; Koehler, Thomas; Defrise, Michel; La Riviere, Patrick

2010-01-01

Purpose: A CT scanner measures the energy that is deposited in each channel of a detector array by x rays that have been partially absorbed on their way through the object. The measurement process is complex and quantitative measurements are always and inevitably associated with errors, so CT data must be preprocessed prior to reconstruction. In recent years, the authors have formulated CT sinogram preprocessing as a statistical restoration problem in which the goal is to obtain the best estimate of the line integrals needed for reconstruction from the set of noisy, degraded measurements. The authors have explored both penalized Poisson likelihood (PL) and penalized weighted least-squares (PWLS) objective functions. At low doses, the authors found that the PL approach outperforms PWLS in terms of resolution-noise tradeoffs, but at standard doses they perform similarly. The PWLS objective function, being quadratic, is more amenable to computational acceleration than the PL objective. In this work, the authors develop and compare two different methods for implementing PWLS sinogram restoration with the hope of improving computational performance relative to PL in the standard-dose regime. Sinogram restoration is still significant in the standard-dose regime since it can still outperform standard approaches and it allows for correction of effects that are not usually modeled in standard CT preprocessing. Methods: The authors have explored and compared two implementation strategies for PWLS sinogram restoration: (1) A direct matrix-inversion strategy based on the closed-form solution to the PWLS optimization problem and (2) an iterative approach based on the conjugate-gradient algorithm. Obtaining optimal performance from each strategy required modifying the naive off-the-shelf implementations of the algorithms to exploit the particular symmetry and sparseness of the sinogram-restoration problem. For the closed-form approach, the authors subdivided the large matrix

Penalized regression procedures for variable selection in the potential outcomes framework.

Science.gov (United States)

Ghosh, Debashis; Zhu, Yeying; Coffman, Donna L

2015-05-10

A recent topic of much interest in causal inference is model selection. In this article, we describe a framework in which to consider penalized regression approaches to variable selection for causal effects. The framework leads to a simple 'impute, then select' class of procedures that is agnostic to the type of imputation algorithm as well as penalized regression used. It also clarifies how model selection involves a multivariate regression model for causal inference problems and that these methods can be applied for identifying subgroups in which treatment effects are homogeneous. Analogies and links with the literature on machine learning methods, missing data, and imputation are drawn. A difference least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm is defined, along with its multiple imputation analogs. The procedures are illustrated using a well-known right-heart catheterization dataset. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Fundamentos de la detención preventiva en el procedimiento penal colombiano

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Leonardo Cruz Bolívar

2012-12-01

Full Text Available La contribución se ocupa de analizar en concreto los principios que rigen la privación preventiva de la libertad en el procedimiento penal, desde el punto de vista constitucional, legal y de instrumentos internacionales, buscando armonizar los criterios que utilizan los jueces de garantías al momento de resolver la solicitud del fiscal en esta materia. El principio de proporcionalidad constitucional, los elementos desarrollados legalmente y los pronunciamientos del sistema interamericano de derechos humanos dan base a las interpretaciones que se proponen en el artículo, buscando proteger la libertad, sin renunciar a las necesidades básicas de la justicia y la sociedad que requieren un proceso penal eficiente y que responda a la realidad nacional.

Comparison of Trust and Social Relations among Students in Russian and Hungarian Higher Education

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Kornélia Lazányi

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Trust is the basis of social relations and the building block of every society. However, various societies have different levels of social trust, which is a consequence of various cultural dimensions’ as well as historic and economic variables’ interplay. The paper intends to explore the relation of social embeddedness and the level of interpersonal trust in two significantly different cultures – Russian and Hungarian. The results presented in the article are, on the one hand, the outcomes of secondary analysis of the data obtained from the World Values Survey and the European Social Survey, on the other hand, they also offer an insight into the still ongoing primary research on 585 students in business higher education in Hungary and Russia. The results indicate that although there are gender and other demographic variables based differences, social embeddedness and national culture (values, attitudes, behaviour is of relevant influence on the level of interpersonal trust. According to the data presented, the Hungarians – despite being a low-trust nation – in general trust their peers more than the Russians do. However, if we distinguish between two forms of trust – thick and thin – the Hungarians then achieve significantly higher scores in thin trust only.

Playing with anthems: The formation of the cult of empress Elisabeth in Hungarian music

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Windhager Ákos

2016-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper I reveal how the cult of Empress Elisabeth affected the reception of three different volumes of Hungarian music. These three works are: Erzsébet-emlény (Elisabeth Memorial Album, 1854 edited by Kornél Ábrányi; Erzsébet (Elisabeth, 1854 opera by Károly Doppler, Ferenc Doppler and Ferenc Erkel; and Die Legende von der heiligen Elisabeth (The Legend of Saint Elisabeth, 1865 by Franz Liszt. In spite of their high artistic level, the first two works were banned by the cultural elite who interpreted them as Habsburgian political music after the downfall of the dual state. On the other hand, the intentionally apolitical oratorio by Franz Liszt was regarded by the same cultural elite as the highest standard of artistic representation of the Empress. As a consequence of parallel distribution of both imperially and nationally constructed memories, a strange diffusion appeared in the social sphere, especially in Hungarian cultural memory. Conflicting memories emerged due to the discrepancy between the original Hungarian political myth (Kossuth-myth and Empress Elisabeth’s cult. Using the terminology introduced by Claude Lévi-Strauss, I have labeled this situation as the clash of the cold and hot society in Hungary during the 19th century.

Teoria da adequação econômica da conduta: significado econômico da conduta em face da tutela penal antitruste

OpenAIRE

Luiz da Silva, Ivan

2009-01-01

Essa tese tem por objetivo o desenvolvimento da teoria da adequação econômica da conduta no direito penal econômico. Vale-se de uma abordagem interdisciplinar abrangendo a Economia, o direito econômico e o direito penal. Para alcançar o desiderato a investigação analisou a intervenção do direito penal em face da atividade econômica e, em especial, os fundamentos da tutela penal antitruste, para fins de estabelecer os contornos teóricos necessários à aplicação das premissas fund...

Allowance officers Russian and Austro-Hungarian armies on the eve of the First World War

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Alexander P. Abramov

2016-09-01

Full Text Available On the basis of historical material provides information on measures of state and military administration on the eve of the First World War to improve the welfare of Russian officers and Austro-Hungary, through various forms of material incentives, which are reflected in the cash payments, promotions, awards and social guarantees. On the basis of archival materials of the study period, open scientific publications and Internet resources there are disclosed the features of the destination of salaries, various allowances and compensations Russian army in comparison to the Austro-Hungarian army, who spoke Russian opponent in the First World War. The author notes that the existing system of money allowances in the Russian army was more advantageous than in the Austro-Hungarian army. However, neither one nor the other could not fully meet the needs of the majority of officers of both armies, entered as opponents in the First World War. One of its major shortcomings, both in Russia and in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, was a wide gap in the amounts of all kinds of money allowances between chief officers, staff officers and generals.

Introduction. The formation of the Hungarian Information Society in the last ten years

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Róbert Sinka

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Hungary was an example to follow as one of the initiators of the change that ultimately resulted in the elimination of the Soviet dependence, as well as in the democratization of Eastern-Central European countries. The iron curtain pulled down in 1989 opened up the country to the world. The comfortable protection was suddenly replaced by the new challenges of the global market economy and culture. The forming of the Hungarian information society could have brought one of the most radical changes among these. The present paper studies the successes and failures of the development of the Hungarian information society in the last decade on the basis of the research report (MITJ, 2008 prepared by ITTK (Information Society and Trend Research Centre http://ittk.hu/english/index.html

[Sleep quality of nurses working in shifts - Hungarian adaptation of the Bergen Shift Work Sleep Questionnaire].

Science.gov (United States)

Fusz, Katalin; Tóth, Ákos; Fullér, Noémi; Müller, Ágnes; Oláh, András

2015-12-06

Sleep disorders among shift workers are common problems due to the disturbed circadian rhythm. The Bergen Shift Work Sleep Questionnaire assesses discrete sleep problems related to work shifts (day, evening and night shifts) and rest days. The aim of the study was to develop the Hungarian version of this questionnaire and to compare the sleep quality of nurses in different work schedules. 326 nurses working in shifts filled in the questionnaire. The authors made convergent and discriminant validation of the questionnaire with the Athens Insomnia Scale and the Perceived Stress Questionnaire. The questionnaire based on psychometric characteristics was suitable to assess sleep disorders associated with shift work in a Hungarian sample. The frequency of discrete symptoms significantly (pshifts. Nurses experienced the worst sleep quality and daytime fatigue after the night shift. Nurses working in irregular shift system had worse sleep quality than nurses working in regular and flexible shift system (pworking in shifts should be assessed with the Hungarian version of the Bergen Shift Work Sleep Questionnaire on a nationally representative sample, and the least burdensome shift system could be established.

TRIBUNALES PENALES INTERNACIONALES AD HOC DEL POST-GUERRA FRÍA: CAMBIANDO PARADIGMAS EN EL TRATAMIENTO DE CUESTIONES DE GÉNERO

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Camila Soares Lippi

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Analizaremos como la jurisprudencia de los Tribunales Penales Internacionales ad hoc del post-Guerra Fría representa un cambio de paradigmas en cuestiones de género en el Derecho Penal Internacional y en el Derecho Internacional Humanitario. Para eso, partimos del concepto de género, o sea, las construcciones sociales cuanto a los roles masculino y femenino, como categoría central de análisis. Analizamos, primeramente, el post-Segunda Guerra Mundial. Ese momento histórico, ejemplificado por los Tribunales de Núremberg y de Tokio y por los Convenios de Ginebra de 1949. Después analizase los Tribunales Penales Internacionales ad hoc del post-Guerra Fría. Finalmente, analizamos la definición de género en el Estatuto de Roma, que instituye el Tribunal Penal Internacional.

Geotechnical research in the Hungarian Central Institute for the Development of Mining

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schmieder, A.

1979-01-01

The paper describes the geotechnical project of the Hungarian Central Institute for the Development of Mining. The activities of the Department of Geophysics and Nuclear Technology in the field of isotope and radiochemistry for geotechnical research are discussed in detail. (Sz.J.)

Derecho Constitucional, Derechos Humanos y Código Penal en Nicaragua. Una interrelación necesaria

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Rafael Chamorro Fletes

2017-08-01

Full Text Available El nuevo código penal de Nicaragua se ubica dentro del engranaje del ordenamiento jurídico de nuestro país. Todo el ordenamiento se subordina a la Constitución y, por lo tanto, los principios, derechos y obligaciones que en ella se prescriben, informan y limitan las disposiciones de dicho código. Solo en ese caso estaremos en presencia de un Estado democrático de derecho y contaremos con un código penal democrático.

"As Long as You Work Hard, You Can Achieve Your Goals" : Hungarian Immigrants on the American Dream

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Orsolya Kolozsvari

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Immigrants to the United States frequently perceive America as the land of endless opportunities and prosperity, and this perception is very frequently a propelling force in the decision for immigration. Through 20 in-depth interviews with middle-class Hungarians who live in the United States I will discuss how immigration to the United States has influenced the perceptions of these Hungarians of opportunities in the United States. I will also highlight how reasons for immigration and perceptions of the American Dream vary by gender.

Crímenes de “guerra sucia”: derecho penal internacional y jurisdicciones de la memoria

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Peter Rush

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Argentina es una comunidad asediada por experiencias indescriptibles de sufrimiento e injusticia que no cesan de regresar en fragmentos e imágenes. Es un país poseído por la guerra sucia y sus desaparecidos. Es como si esta comunidad política no hubiese superado su situación traumática; como si dicha comunidad estuviese obligada a enfrentarla como una de sus tareas inmediatas. Este ensayo considera las relaciones entre la memoria del derecho, el crimen y la guerra sucia desde la doble mirada del cine y del derecho. La primera parte reconstruye la memoria narrativa y el contexto socio jurídico de la escena contemporánea de la memoria en Argentina. En este punto, se concentra sobre cómo los procesos judiciales han perfilado las prácticas de reconocimiento de experiencias traumáticas, de injusticia y sufrimiento. La segunda parte está relacionada con la película El secreto de sus ojos, dirigida por Juan José Campanella, filmada en Buenos Aires y que describe la vida del derecho después de la atrocidad. Mi argumento es que esta película ofrece elementos para la reflexión a partir de lo que llamo una “jurisdicción de la memoria”, gracias a que la película conecta el trabajo de la memoria en Argentina al funcionamiento de la jurisdicción penal. Después de reconstruir dos formas de vivir una vida vacía, una vida vivida con el trauma de un caso penal, la coda del ensayo se concentra en los vestigios de una jurisdicción penal de la memoria. Si las decisiones son constitutivas de la justicia penal internacional en tiempos de transición, entonces la jurisdicción penal de la memoria, objeto del presente ensayo, puede ser pensada en sus propios términos: desde sus propios géneros de representación y sus propias taxonomías. Una ética del testimonio y una lógica de la memoria han de permanecer, por lo tanto, vigilantes después de la barbarie generalizada. Por ello es posible afirmar que es este el legado que, hoy por hoy

LA CONCILIACIÓN PREPROCESAL EN EL SISTEMA PENAL ACUSATORIO Y SUS PRINCIPALES APORTES

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Dayana Becerra

2009-01-01

Full Text Available La aproximación que se efectúa en el presente estudio, inicia con un acercamiento al concepto de conciliación como mecanismo alternativo de resolución de conflictos, estableciendo los rasgos generales de esta figura; para posteriormente analizar el antecedente inmediato de la conciliación preprocesal en la ley 600 de 2.000, que abrió camino para concederle en materia penal a este mecanismo mayor importancia. Subsiguientemente se profundiza en la conciliación preprocesal consagrada expresamente en la ley 906 de 2004, y se analizan los cambios generados, para así conocer sus características, y determinar sus principales aportes, en el marco del sistema penal acusatorio.

SANCTIONING DUPLICATION IN ADMINISTRATIVE AND PENAL AREAS

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José Manuel Cabrera Delgado

2014-12-01

Full Text Available This article provides a first approach from the point of view of jurisprudence, to the recurring problem of concurrency sanctions in cases where further intervention of the courts has become necessary for administrative action. In this regard, the main judgments of both the Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court is, that have shaped the decisions that must be applied from the administrative level, in particular by educational inspectors, when it is foreseeable that it can produce a duplication of disciplinary procedures in the two areas, penal and administrative.

Role of Orvosi Hetilap in the development of Hungarian gastroenterology

Science.gov (United States)

Buzás, György Miklós

2010-01-01

AIM: To analyze the contribution of Orvosi Hetilap (Hungarian Medical Journal) to the field of gastroenterology. METHODS: All issues of the journal between 1857 and 2008 and identified original articles and reviews dealing with gastroenterology were reviewed. The rate of publications, the thematic distribution and foreign sources of knowledge were assessed. The dates that major achievements in gastroenterology were introduced in Hungary were compared to those dates in Western medicine. RESULTS: A total of 4799 original/research articles on gastroenterology were published, which represents 11.1% of the total publications. Thematic rankings showed that liver and biliary diseases represented 20.36% of the total, followed by gastric diseases (9.35%) and surgery (8.77%). A total of 268 foreign journals were reviewed: 50.9% were German, 30.4% English, 12.1% French and only 6.6% were in other languages. The major achievements of gastroenterology were introduced with varying delays compared to Western countries. CONCLUSION: Orvosi Hetilap has made a large contribution to the development of Hungarian gastroenterology. The high proportion of gastroenterology studies underlines the importance of digestive diseases in public health. PMID:20458774

Maritime environmental penal law. International and German legislation; Maritimes Umweltstrafrecht. Voelkerrechtliche Grundlagen und deutsches Recht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Eller, Jan Frederik

2017-07-01

The book on maritime environmental penal law discusses the following issues: part I: introduction into the importance of oceanic environment and its thread, requirement of protective measures,; part II: focus of the study and terminology: oceanic pollution, maritime environmental legislation, international legislation; part 3: international legislative regulations concerning the protection of maritime environment: avoidance of environmental pollution, maritime legislative agreements, existing protective institutions; part 4: state penal power concerning maritime environmental protection; part 5: statutory offense according to German legislation; perspectives for regulations concerning criminal acts on sea.

Non-blind walls: sensing (and seeing through decoration in hungarian schools

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Jeremy HOWARD

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Questions of the role and interpretation of art integrated into the fabric of educational institutions are explored here. Using six case studies taken from Hungarian schools built between 1900 and 1931 issues are raised concerning the ‘curricular’ and aesthetic nature of the works. Particular attention is drawn to how the art may be perceived, especially when, as in the two principal cases, it is created for schools for the visually impaired. To this end the selection of media ranges from stained glass to mosaic via painting, carving and ironwork, and the locations range from assembly halls to facades via staircases and doors. The political, religious and secular signs expressed are analysed against the backdrop of educational reform and social rupture. The generic subject of ‘the decorated school’ has been much debated since the introduction of mass education, yet there exists precious little academic study. The choice of the Hungarian examples acknowledges the wealth of material and diversity of ways in which artwork in schools can be read or, better, ‘sensed’. Ultimately, caution is advised.

New species in the Hungarian avifauna in 2014

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Hadarics Tibor

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Two new species appeared in the Hungarian avifauna in 2014: the Spanish Sparrow and the Blyth’s Reed Warbler. One pair of Spanish Sparrow was breeding in Bácsborsód between June 13th and July 31st in the side of a stork nest. The Blyth’s Reed Warbler was trapped and ringed near Tömörd on August 15th. With the observations of these species the number of bird species that have ever been proven to occur in Hungary has risen to 411.

El garantismo y el punitivismo en el Código Orgánico Integral Penal

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Sebastián Cornejo Aguiar

2016-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del presente artículo es determinar la necesidad de la existencia de una parte punitivista y una garantista dentro del Código Orgánico Integral Penal, partiendo del estudio de la actualización doctrinaria en materia penal dentro del ordenamiento jurídico ecuatoriano, considerando que al ser el Ecuador un Estado constitucional de derechos y justicia, nos inspira a la construcción de mecanismos que tengan como fundamento y fin la tutela de las libertades del individuo, frente a las variadas formas del ejercicio arbitrario del poder punitivo del Estado, en donde las garantías y principios establecidos en el Código Orgánico Integral Penal, deben ser considerados como filtros de contención del poder punitivo que impiden que dicho poder se desborde y destruya todo a su paso. Seguidamente se analiza el significado del garantismo y punitivismo. Por último, se toca la relación existente entre garantismo y punitivismo, concluyendo que el garantismo es una corriente que proporciona ideas sustanciales para transformar el procedimiento judicial impidiendo así la arbitrariedad del poder punitivo.

Nationwide Network of TalentPoints: The Hungarian Approach to Talent Support

Science.gov (United States)

Csermely, Peter; Rajnai, Gabor; Sulyok, Katalin

2013-01-01

In 2006 a novel approach to talent support was promoted by several talent support programmes in Hungary. The new idea was a network approach. The nationwide network of so-called TalentPoints and its framework, the Hungarian Genius Program, gained substantial European Union funding in 2009, and today it is growing rapidly. A novel concept of talent…

Derecho penal y castigo. Una excusa para la protección de los derechos humanos en la sociedad del riesgo

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Yennesit Palacios-Valencia

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Este escrito visibiliza la actual tendencia del derecho penal, donde los derechos humanos son utilizados como excusa para legitimar medidas extremas de seguridad ante la moda del “peligro”, soportando así, la base jurídica del modelo de derecho penal de la seguridad ciudadana. Esta tendencia permite activar la justicia penal en diferentes ámbitos cuando se trata de perseguir a los “enemigos”, lo que, en ocasiones, trae como consecuencia directa violentar los derechos humanos, con la creación constante de normativa que paradójicamente también vulnera los mismos por la lógica del castigo. Estos argumentos permitirán concluir, que se acude a un debilita- miento de las garantías penales en detrimento de los derechos humanos, los cuales son utilizados, bien, como herramientas para impulsar procesos emancipadores, o, como instrumentos para manipular el poder y justificar actos de barbarie por la exageración del poder punitivo.

Unknown Hungarian first fruits of the Slovak poet Pavol Országh Hviezdoslav

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Zelenková, Anna; Gbúr, J.

2017-01-01

Roč. 44, č. 2 (2017), s. 469-485 ISSN 0324-4652 Institutional support: RVO:68378017 Keywords : Autor's bi-literary stance * Hviezdoslav, Pavol Országh * Slovak-Hungarian literary context Subject RIV: AJ - Letters, Mass-media, Audiovision OBOR OECD: Literary theory

Os indesejáveis no Direito Penal moderno

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Patrícia Graziela Gonçalves

2010-02-01

Full Text Available

Este trabalho propõe a fazer uma breve aborfagem da obra "O inimigo no Direito Penal", de Eugênio Raul Zafforni, um dos maiores penalistas da América Latina. Neste obra, o autor ressalta que o poder punitivo sempre classificou e reconheceu um hostis, um estranho ou indesejável, sobre o qual se aplicou um tratamento discriminatório, neutralizante e eliminatório, negando-lhe a sua condição de pessoa e considerando-o em função da sua condição de coisa ou ente perigoso. E mais, tanto as leis quanto a doutrina legitimam esse tratamento, baseadas em saberes pretensamente empíricos sobre a conduta humana. Tal doutrina-penal contradiz os princípios constitucionais do Estado de Direito e mais se aproxima do modelo de Estado absoluto.

從網路犯罪公約談我國妨害電腦使用罪章的修訂 Amending Chapter 36 of the Penal Code of Taiwan on the Basis of the Study on the Cybercrime Convention

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

廖宗聖 Tsung-Sheng Liao

2010-12-01

Full Text Available 電腦犯罪已成為當代新興的犯罪類型，各國無不積極面對此一挑戰。我國在2003 年新增刑法第36 章妨害電腦使用罪章，除為了解決電磁紀錄與動產、文書存在不同的屬性外，也希望藉由該章的制定，能對其他影響電腦系統安全、侵害電腦資料完整、保密及可使用的行為加以規範。不過制定至今，該罪章產生不少解釋上或適用上的困難，為解決種種相關的問題與爭議，本文在參考歐洲理事會網路犯罪公約的規範後（第1 篇第1 章第2 條、第4 條、第5 條及第6 條），嘗試對妨害電腦使用罪章提出相關修訂建議（第358 條、第359 第、第360 條及第360 條第1 項、第2 項），期能供立法者於未來修訂該罪章時的參考。 Computer crimes have become a new model of crimes and a new challenge for most countries over the world. In 2003, Taiwan enacted Chapter 36 of the Penal Code to deal with computer crimes. Although the new chapter avoided some application problems caused by treating electro-magnetic records as chattel and documents, the change of coping with computer crimes still raises other new problems. After exploring, this article argues that Taiwan could resolve those new problems by amending Chapter 36 of the Penal Code based on the comparison study of the Cybercrime Convention.

Una apuesta analítica del funcionamiento del dispositivo psi pericial en el campo penal Uma aposta analitica do funcionamento do dispositivo psi pericial inserido no campo penal An analysis of the psy expert assemblage in the penal field

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Laura López Gallego

2010-08-01

Full Text Available La aproximación al dispositivo psi pericial inserto en el campo penal aquí efectuada, traza un itinerario de análisis que aborda el funcionamiento de dicho dispositivo, poniendo especial énfasis en las imbricadas relaciones entre los saberes jurídicos y lo psi. Para efectuar dicho análisis, se utilizan documentos específicos producidos por los peritos psi en el marco del Poder Judicial del Uruguay. Se entiende a las prácticas psi como el efecto de ciertas confluencias históricas relacionadas con el examen, con las estrategias de objetividad, con la traducción de categorías psi en categorías jurídicas y con la incorporación de la lógica de individualización como eje del dispositivo psi pericial. La pregunta que guía el análisis versa sobre lo que posibilita la incorporación del dispositivo psi pericial en el campo penal.A aproximação ao dispositivo psi pericial inserido no campo penal aqui realizada traça um itinerário de análise que aborda o funcionamento do dispositivo, enfatizando as relações imbricadas entre os saberes jurídicos e psi. Para realizar a análise, utilizam-se documentos específicos produzidos por peritos psi no marco do Poder Judicial do Uruguai. Entendem-se as práticas psi como efeito de certas confluências históricas relacionadas ao exame, às estratégias de objetividade, à tradução de categorias psi em categorias jurídicas e à incorporação da lógica da individualização como um ponto central do dispositivo psi pericial. A pergunta que orienta a análise é o que possibilita a incorporação do dispositivo psi pericial no campo penal.The approach made here about the "expert psy assemblage" inserted into the criminal field draws a path of analysis that considers the operation of this assemblage, highlighting the intertwined relationships between the legal and psychological knowledge. To undertake such analysis, specific documents produced by the psy experts, working under the Judiciary

Performance of Firth-and logF-type penalized methods in risk prediction for small or sparse binary data.

Science.gov (United States)

Rahman, M Shafiqur; Sultana, Mahbuba

2017-02-23

When developing risk models for binary data with small or sparse data sets, the standard maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) based logistic regression faces several problems including biased or infinite estimate of the regression coefficient and frequent convergence failure of the likelihood due to separation. The problem of separation occurs commonly even if sample size is large but there is sufficient number of strong predictors. In the presence of separation, even if one develops the model, it produces overfitted model with poor predictive performance. Firth-and logF-type penalized regression methods are popular alternative to MLE, particularly for solving separation-problem. Despite the attractive advantages, their use in risk prediction is very limited. This paper evaluated these methods in risk prediction in comparison with MLE and other commonly used penalized methods such as ridge. The predictive performance of the methods was evaluated through assessing calibration, discrimination and overall predictive performance using an extensive simulation study. Further an illustration of the methods were provided using a real data example with low prevalence of outcome. The MLE showed poor performance in risk prediction in small or sparse data sets. All penalized methods offered some improvements in calibration, discrimination and overall predictive performance. Although the Firth-and logF-type methods showed almost equal amount of improvement, Firth-type penalization produces some bias in the average predicted probability, and the amount of bias is even larger than that produced by MLE. Of the logF(1,1) and logF(2,2) penalization, logF(2,2) provides slight bias in the estimate of regression coefficient of binary predictor and logF(1,1) performed better in all aspects. Similarly, ridge performed well in discrimination and overall predictive performance but it often produces underfitted model and has high rate of convergence failure (even the rate is higher than that

WEAKNESSES OF THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF TRADITIONAL HUNGARIAN UNIVERSITIES

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Gabriella KECZER

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Transformation of the management of traditional higher education institutionsemerged in Hungary following the change of the political system in 1990,however, an appropriate answer has not been found to date. The first step inthe management of reform is identification of the issues that need to beresolved through the implementation of changes.The present research has been aimed at identifying the present weaknessesof the inner management system of traditional Hungarian universities, thusfind a solid starting point for reforming it. I conducted in-depth interviews inthe course of research, with 10 top university managers who represent 9institutions, thus the majority of traditional Hungarian universities. Such aresearch has not been made at least for the last decade.In my paper first I present the current legal framework of the system ofuniversity management. Then I give an assessment of it on the basis of theinterviews, analysing the deficiencies, the external and internal obstacles toefficient management I conclude that the present leaders of theuniversities can exactly identify those deficiencies of the system and therelated external and internal circumstances that lead to disturbed operationand low efficiency. The results obtained through the interviews suggest that areform of the internal management should rearrange intra-university powerrelations and harmonize scopes of responsibility and competence. A shifttoward a stronger central, rectoral and a more limited faculty- and bodyrelatedmanagement appears necessary.

Repensando la libertad de expresión desde el abordaje al art. 213 del Código Penal argentino

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Matalone, Noelia

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Este ensayo intenta presentar abordajes críticos sobre el delito tipificado en el art. 213 del Código Penal. En tal temperamento, se contrapone el tipo penal de apología del delito con los derechos individuales de las personas, en particular, la libertad de expresión. En este sentido, la autora formula una propuesta de derogación de la norma, como consecuencia de los fundamentos y efectos de esta norma, todo ello en orden a preservar, por sobre los intereses que puedan sostener este tipo de prohibición, la pluralidad de voces en la sociedad. Para ello, apela al sentido de la tolerancia social y a los principios de razonalibidad y de necesidad del sistema penal al momento de investigar y perseguir este tipo de casos.

The 1956 Hungarian refugee emergency, an early and instructive case of resettlement

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Zieck, M.

2013-01-01

The Soviet repression of the Hungarian uprising in 1956 caused an exodus of 200,000 refugees. Most of the refugees fled to Austria. Austria immediately called on states to help both financially and by physically sharing the refugees by means of resettlement. As a result, most of the refugees were

[Hungarian Philadelphia negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasia registry. Evaluation of the Polycythemia vera patients].

Science.gov (United States)

Dombi, Péter; Illés, Árpád; Demeter, Judit; Homor, Lajos; Simon, Zsófia; Kellner, Ádám; Karádi, Éva; Valasinyószki, Erika; Udvardy, Miklós; Egyed, Miklós

2017-06-01

Intruduction and aim: The Hungarian National Registry for Philadelphia chromosome negative myeloproliferative neoplasms has been developed. The aim of the recent study is to assess the clinical characteristics of Hungarian patients with polycythemia vera. Data of 351 JAK2 V617F and exon 12 mutation positive polycythemia vera patients were collected online from 15 haematology centres reporting epidemiologic, clinical characteristics, diagnostic tools, therapeutic interventions, thromboembolic complications, disease transformations. Vascular events prior to and after diagnosis were evaluated upon the Landolfi risk assessment scale. 116 thromboembolic events were reported in 106 PV patients prior to diagnosis and 152 occasions in 102 patients during follow-up. The frequency of major arterial events were significantly reduced (ppolycythemia vera. The Landolfi risk stratification was proven to be useful. Based on evaluated data, accuracy of diagnostic criteria and compliance to risk-adapted therapeutic guidelines are needed. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(23): 901-909.

El cumplimiento de los parámetros del debido proceso en el procedimiento directo del Código Orgánico Integral Penal

OpenAIRE

Grunauer Reinoso, Estefanía Cristina

2016-01-01

Con la evolución del derecho penal, han surgido dos grandes tendencias extremadamente opuestas entre sí y que se han arraigado en el pensamiento penal mundial, y que de acuerdo a la política criminal de cada Estado, para el ejercicio de su poder punitivo, han sido implementadas con el fin de alcanzar los objetivos en materia de delincuencia y seguridad. Estas grandes tendencias son: Eficientismo y Garantismo. El garantismo penal busca controlar el poder punitivo del estado frente a los ciudad...

Delineating the genetic heterogeneity of OCA in Hungarian patients

OpenAIRE

F?bos, Be?ta; Farkas, Katalin; T?th, Lola; Sul?k, Adrienn; Tripolszki, Korn?lia; Tihanyi, Mariann; N?meth, R?ka; Vas, Krisztina; Csoma, Zsanett; Kem?ny, Lajos; Sz?ll, M?rta; Nagy, Nikoletta

2017-01-01

Background Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a clinically and genetically heterogenic group of pigmentation abnormalities characterized by variable hair, skin, and ocular hypopigmentation. Six known genes and a locus on human chromosome 4q24 have been implicated in the etiology of isolated OCA forms (OCA 1?7). Methods The most frequent OCA types among Caucasians are OCA1, OCA2, and OCA4. We aimed to investigate genes responsible for the development of these OCA forms in Hungarian OCA patients ...

Age and Cultural Differences in Self-Perceptions of Mastery Motivation and Competence in American, Chinese, and Hungarian School Age Children

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Krisztian Jozsa

2014-01-01

Full Text Available We examined age differences in self-perceptions of five dimensions of mastery motivation and also of competence in American, Chinese, and Hungarian children and teens. Participants included 200 Americans, 1,465 Chinese, and 8,175 Hungarians from 7 to 19 years of age. The Dimensions of Mastery Questionnaire provides comparable data across these different cultures as indicated by very similar factor structures and reasonably good internal consistency reliabilities for the scales. Across all three cultures, there was the expected decline from primary to secondary school in total persistence and the four instrumental mastery motivation scales, except for social persistence with adults in the American sample. Mastery pleasure did not decline in the American and Chinese samples but declined in the Hungarian sample. Self-perceived competence did not decline significantly in the American sample or in the Hungarian sample from age 11 to 17; however, competence self-ratings declined in the Chinese sample. The three cultures were compared at 11 and 16. Although there were some significant differences, small effect sizes indicated that the level of motivation was similar for each culture at each age. The other literature provides clues about why the declines occur in all three cultures and why there are some differences among cultures.

Establishing Normative Reference Values for Standing Broad Jump among Hungarian Youth

Science.gov (United States)

Saint-Maurice, Pedro F.; Laurson, Kelly R.; Kaj, Mónika; Csányi, Tamás

2015-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine age and sex trends in anaerobic power assessed by a standing broad jump and to determine norm-referenced values for youth in Hungary. Method: A sample of 2,427 Hungarian youth (1,360 boys and 1,067 girls) completed the standing broad jump twice, and the highest distance score was recorded. Quantile…

INFRACŢIUNI CE IMPLICĂ SEMNE DE EXTREMISM RELIGIOS: ASPECTE DE DREPT PENAL

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Alexe JEFLEA

2017-01-01

Full Text Available În articol sunt abordate unele probleme ce ţin de clarificarea conceptului de extremism religios în legea penală astăzi în vigoare a Republicii Moldova. Cercetarea legii penale în materia identificării şi interpretării extremismului religios începe cu definirea acestui fenomen. S-a precizat că la baza extremismului religios se poziţionează stârnirea discordiei religioase. Autorii au demonstrat că sintagma „extremism religios”, fiind o noţiune criminologică şi politică, nu se regăseşte în nicio normă a Codului penal din Republica Moldova. S-a constatat că mai multe componenţe de infrac­ţiuni implică, într-un fel sau altul, religia. Nu toate aceste fapte sunt de conotaţie extremistă, însă toate au la bază ura sau intoleranţa religioasă ca motiv special al săvârşirii mai multor fapte penale ce implică semne de extremism religios. Totodată, s-a arătat că legea penală a Republicii Moldova nu acoperă toate formele de extremism, lista acestora fiind de fapt mai largă. Prin urmare, autorii au demonstrat necesitatea introducerii unor prevederi noi care ar incrimina şi alte fapte cu caracter extremist.Criminal offences which involve signs of religious extremism: aspects of criminal lawThis scientific research is dedicated to some questions which are linked to the clarification of the concept of religious extremism in the light of criminal legislation of theRepublicofMoldova. Exploration of the criminal legislation in the matter of identification and interpretation of the religious extremism begins from the definition of this phenomenon. There have been summarized that namely the provocation of religious disagreement constitutes the basis on the religious extremism. The authors have demonstrated that the expression “religious extremism” being a criminological and political concept, is absent in the modern criminal legislation of theRepublicofMoldova. There have been observed that a lot of criminal

Two Austro-Hungarian Women Writers, Anna Tutsek and Terka Lux, Creating New Urban Identities in Early Twentieth-Century Budapest

OpenAIRE

Judit Kádár

2016-01-01

In this paper, I examine some literary texts of two turn-of-the century Hungarian women writers, Anna Tutsek and Terka Lux who left behind their childhood environment in remote regions of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy in order to move to Budapest, the capital of the eastern part of the Empire. Assuming that individuals hold multiple identities that are flexible and inevitably affected by environmental and social changes, my main focus is on the transformation of their ethnic, regional, occupa...

L1-Penalized N-way PLS for subset of electrodes selection in BCI experiments

Science.gov (United States)

Eliseyev, Andrey; Moro, Cecile; Faber, Jean; Wyss, Alexander; Torres, Napoleon; Mestais, Corinne; Benabid, Alim Louis; Aksenova, Tetiana

2012-08-01

Recently, the N-way partial least squares (NPLS) approach was reported as an effective tool for neuronal signal decoding and brain-computer interface (BCI) system calibration. This method simultaneously analyzes data in several domains. It combines the projection of a data tensor to a low dimensional space with linear regression. In this paper the L1-Penalized NPLS is proposed for sparse BCI system calibration, allowing uniting the projection technique with an effective selection of subset of features. The L1-Penalized NPLS was applied for the binary self-paced BCI system calibration, providing selection of electrodes subset. Our BCI system is designed for animal research, in particular for research in non-human primates.

La implantación del Sistema Penal Acusatorio en Colombia: Un estudio multidisciplinario

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Alfonso Reyes A

2005-11-01

Full Text Available El Acto Legislativo No. 03 del 19 de diciembre de 2002 modificó la Constitución de 1991 y estableció el Sistema Penal Acusatorio en Colombia. Este es, tal vez, el cambio más complejo sufrido en la administración de justicia durante la última década. La implantación del nuevo sistema implicaba modificaciones de fondo en la rama judicial, la defensoría penal pública, la fiscalía general de la nación y los órganos de policía judicial. Para diseñar el detalle del proceso de cambio, la Comisión Interinstitucional para la Implantación del Sistema Penal Acusatorio abrió un concurso público que fue adjudicado a la Universidad de los Andes en unión temporal con el Instituto Ser de Investigación. Este artículo presenta un escueto recuento de la forma en que se desarrolló este trabajo multidisciplinario dirigido desde el Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial. / On December 19th 2002 the accusatory system was formally introduced in the Colombian Constitution. This is, perhaps, the most complex change that our judicial system has undergone in the last decade. The implementation of the new criminal system implied a profound change in several institutions: a the criminal courts, b the general prosecution office; c the national defense office; and d all other state agencies that support criminal investigations. In order to design this transition the Comisión Interinstitucional para la Implantación del Sistema Penal Acusatorio (a governmental Commission responsible for the implementation of the accusatory system open up a bidding. Uniandes in a temporal Union with the Instituto SER de Investigación, won this call for tenders. This paper briefly describes the way this multidisciplinary effort was done under the direction of the industrial engineering department.

La impronta genética de Ihering en la dogmática penal

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Carlos Arturo Gómez Pavajeau

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Se ocupa el presente estudio de dar cuenta de la importancia de Rudolf Von Ihering para el Derecho penal y sus desarrollos dogmáticos. La impronta de su importancia marcó el descubrimiento de un concepto de antijuridicidad independiente de la culpabilidad, inauguró la discusión entre objetivistas y subjetivistas en materia del injusto y visionó un concepto final de acción fundado teleológicamente; lo cual significa que su pensamiento y el núcleo duro de la discusión permanece con plena actualidad, especialmente para el entendimiento de un Derecho Penal Liberal ante las arremetidas de nuevas concepciones que, eludiendo el tema de los cuestionamientos al subjetivismo, legitiman instituciones que son paradigmáticas a dicho pensamiento.

La impronta genética de Ihering en la dogmática penal

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Carlos Arturo Gómez Pavajeau

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Se ocupa el presente estudio de dar cuenta de la importancia de Rudolf Von Ihering para el Derecho penal y sus desarrollos dogmáticos. La impronta de su importancia marcó el descubrimiento de un concepto de antijuridicidad independiente de la culpabilidad, inauguró la discusión entre objetivistas y subjetivistas en materia del injusto y visionó un concepto final de acción fundado teleológicamente; lo cual significa que su pensamiento y el núcleo duro de la discusión permanece con plena actualidad, especialmente para el entendimiento de un Derecho Penal Liberal ante las arremetidas de nuevas concepciones que, eludiendo el tema de los cuestionamientos al subjetivismo, legitiman instituciones que son paradigmáticas a dicho pensamiento.

Strategic foresight process--Improvements for the Hungarian Ministry of Defense

OpenAIRE

Németh, Bence

2016-01-01

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited In 2013Ð2014, the Hungarian Ministry of Defense (HUN MoD) engaged in its first structured strategic Foresight process, a process designed to examine events that might affect Hungary until 2030. While it achieved success, the process also had shortcomings. Namely, the Strategic Analysis Group accurately predicted two events, Russia's use of military force and the migration crisis worsening, yet they neither foresaw how fast Russian aggr...

STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION STYLES OF MALAYSIAN, THAI AND HUNGARIAN MIDDLE MANAGERS

OpenAIRE

Maheshkumar P. Joshi; Hugh D. Sherman; John R. Schermerhorn, Jr.

2004-01-01

There is a need for more comparative empirical research that examines middle manager roles in strategic change. This paper reports a study of middle managers in two dynamic settings: the Asia/Pacific region – Malaysia and Thailand; and Central/Eastern Europe – Hungary. Results of 213 respondents across three countries indicate that middle managers from all three tend toward use of authoritarian management styles even in proactive strategic change situations. However, Hungarians are less likel...

The clinical testing of a Hungarian-made triiodothyronine radioimmunoassay kit

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gyertyanfy, G.; Foeldes, J.

1981-01-01

The parameters of the calibration curve of the new Hungarian RK-11 kit for the determination of the total T3 content of the serum and the reliability of the results were studied. The data of the measurements made on a number of patients by RK-11, Biodata and Byk-Mallinckrodt kits were compared. The new kit seems to be applicable to the determination of the total T3 content in the serum. (author)

The Outsider Within: Béla Tarr and Hungarian National Cinema

OpenAIRE

Lilla Tőke

2016-01-01

Béla Tarr is probably the most paradoxical figure in contemporary Hungarian cinema. His artistic trajectory shows a movement from documentary style realism (Family Nest, 1979) towards more modernist cinematic practices (Satan’s Tango, 1994, Werckmeister Harmonies, 2000, and The Man from London, 2007). A major celebrity in the global film culture that prides itself in being transnational, international, and in crossing linguistic and ethnic boundaries, Tarr has consistently found himself on th...

Delitos que Vulneran la Intimidad de las Personas: Análisis crítico del artículo 161-A del Código Penal Chileno

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Regina Ingrid Díaz Tolosa

2007-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo 161-A del Código Penal chileno es una muestra de los resultados que se obtienen al legislar materias tan importantes, como lo es la protección penal de la intimidad de las personas, de forma acelerada. La norma en análisis resiste innumerables críticas; su redacción es confusa e imprecisa, lo que conlleva arduas tareas de interpretación. Este trabajo pretende contribuir en esta labor, reflexionando acerca de puntuales problemas asociados a la tipificación de los delitos recogidos en la citada disposición, así respecto al inciso primero se analiza, especialmente, si se penaliza la indiscreción o deslealtad en las comunicaciones y actuaciones privadas, mientras que en cuanto al inciso segundo se medita acerca de si se exige el conocimiento de la obtención subrepticia del material por parte de quien lo difunde. Además, se destaca la necesaria interpretación restrictiva de estos tipos, se analiza el interés público como fundamento de la autorización legal o judicial para ejecutar las conductas tipificadas, y de ¡egeferendae, se indican las ventajas que tendría introducir un elemento subjetivo del tipo distinto del dolo como la finalidad de vulnerar ¡a intimidad de otro, a fin de salvar las incertidumbres que existen en la actual legislaciónThe article 161-A of the Chilean Penal Code is a sample of the results that are obtained when so important matters, like the penal protection of the privacy, are legislated precipitately. The norm in analysis resists innumerable critiques; its draft is confused and vague, giving us an arduous interpretation work. This paper tries to contribute in this analysis, thinking over punctual problems, for example, regarding to the first clause we studied, specially, if the indiscretion or disloyalty is penalized in the communications and private performances, while as for the second clause it is pondered if who diffuse the information must to know about that it was obtained illegally

THE BIOGRAPHY OF JÁNOS NAGYVÁTHY - THE FIRST HUNGARIAN AGRICULTURAL WRITER

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Gábor LUKÁCS

2002-03-01

Full Text Available 210 years ago Nagyváthy János published the first systematic, agricultural trade book, called ’Diligent Farmers’ in Hungarian in Pest. This outstanding person of our agricultural history was born on 19th January 1755, in Miskolc. After leaving the Protestant secondary grammar school in Miskolc, he studied law and theology in Sárospatak. At the Protestant secondary grammar school in Losonc he became a ’Subrector’, that is, the the teacher of poetry. Due to a serious illness affecting his eyes he left this job and went to Pest for medical treatment. During the long therapy he visited the lectures of Mitterpacher Lajos, who was the most excellent theoratical agricultural specialist in the country. In 1782 he took military service for four years, in the Duka cavalry regiment, where he reached the rank of a captain and he was garrisoned in Belgium, Italy and Austria. As a commisariat officer he got to know the more developed agriculture of Europe, and it was at that time that he studied agricultural technical literature. In 1786 he had a relapse of his eye disease therefore he left the army and tried to find a cure in Vienna. Here he got acquainted with Jordán Péter, director of the domains of the court, who employed him as an assistant. During the time he spent in the domain of Vöslau, he could completed his academic knowledge with practical experience. In 1788 he moved to Pest where he made friends with Kazinczy, Batsányi, Verseghy and Széchenyi Ferenc, who were the representatives of the most progressive group of nobility. He became the member of the ’Magnanamitas’ Masonic Lodge. In 179o he published four pamphlets anonymously called ’ The change of religion’, ’Civil prediction from the stars’, ’The red friend’, ’Hours of joy in the life of a true Hungarian patriot’. In 1791 he published ’The diligent farmer’ in two volumes on 1213 pages recommending it to the ’sweaty Hungarian farmer’. In this book he wrote about all his

Hungarian repeat station survey, 2010

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Péter Kovács

2013-03-01

Full Text Available The last Hungarian repeat station survey was completed between October 2010 and February 2011. Declination, inclination and the total field were observed using one-axial DMI fluxgate magnetometer mounted on Zeiss20A theodolite and GSM 19 Overhauser magnetometer. The magnetic elements of the sites were reduced to the epoch of 2010.5 on the basis of the continuous recordings of Tihany Geophysical Observatory. In stations located far from the reference observatory, the observations were carried out in the morning and afternoon in order to decrease the effect of the distant temporal correction. To further increase the accuracy, on-site dIdD variometer has also been installed near the Aggtelek station, in the Baradla cave, during the survey of the easternmost sites. The paper presents the technical details and the results of our last campaign. The improvement of the accuracy of the temporal reduction by the use of the local variometer is also reported.

Dramatic effect on Selenium concentration in blood serum due to the difference between the Hungarian and Indian dietary habits

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Szuecs, Z.; Lahiri, S.; Andrasi, D.; Kovacs, B.

2012-01-01

Complete text of publication follows. The importance of Selenium as trace element in animals, as well as in humans is well known. The deficiency of Selenium was observed in case of several heavy or fatal clinical events such as high infant mortality, premature, malformations and even prostate cancer. Hungary is in the top of their worldwide statistic with parallel of the low concentration of Selenium in soil as well as in food. The direct correlation can explain in Venezuela, where the prostate cancer is 'unknown disease'. The concentration of Selenium in India is higher than the worldwide level. Under the scientific bilateral cooperation 'Speciation dependent studies on physicochemical behavior of some elements in trace scale in natural and synthetic system' the Selenium was determined in human blood serum from the group of Hungarian and group of Indian patients. The samples were given in same time from each group. The main goal of the study was explain the effect of the traditional dietary habit for the level of Selenium. Therefore the samples were taken from the visiting scientist just arrived to the host institute as well as from the host scientists too. After 2 weeks stay the sampling was repeated, when the guest scientists eat the same food as the host scientists. The measurements were done in Thermo-2 ICP-MS from blood-serum separated by centrifuge. The results are summarized in Table 1. Dramatic effect was found for the level of Selenium in blood serum. As it was expected the Hungarian samples showed low concentration of Selenium in starting of the visit, as well as the high concentration was found in Indian sample, comparing to the Hungarian sample. After two weeks the Hungarian sample showed much higher concentration, however it was still less, than in Indian sample. Similar effect was found during the visit the Indian scientists in Hungary, however their Selenium concentration decreased not so spectacular due to the Selenium 'store' in body. The general

Miocene tectonics of the Maramures area (Northern Romania): implications for the Mid-Hungarian fault zone

Science.gov (United States)

Tischler, M.; Gröger, H. R.; Fügenschuh, B.; Schmid, S. M.

2007-06-01

The interplay between the emplacement of crustal blocks (e.g. “ALCAPA”, “Tisza”, “Dacia”) and subduction retreat is a key issue for understanding the Miocene tectonic history of the Carpathians. Coeval thrusting and basin formation is linked by transfer zones, such as the Mid-Hungarian fault zone, which seperates ALCAPA from Tisza-Dacia. The presented study provides new kinematic data from this transfer zone. Early Burdigalian (20.5 to ˜18.5 Ma) SE-directed thrusting of the easternmost tip of ALCAPA (Pienides), over Tisza-Dacia is linked to movements along the Mid-Hungarian fault zone and the Periadriatic line, accommodating the lateral extrusion of ALCAPA. Minor Late Burdigalian (˜18.5 to 16 Ma) NE-SW extension is interpreted as related to back-arc extension. Post Burdigalian (post-16 Ma) NE SW shortening and NW SE extension correlate with “soft collision” of Tisza-Dacia with the European foreland coupled with southward migration of active subduction. During this stage the Bogdan-Voda and Dragos-Voda faults were kinematically linked to the Mid-Hungarian fault zone. Sinistral transpression (16 to 12 Ma) at the Bogdan-Voda fault was followed by sinistral transtension (12 10 Ma) along the coupled Bogdan-Dragos-Voda fault system. During the transtensional stage left-lateral offset was reduced eastwards by SW trending normal faults, the fault system finally terminating in an extensional horse-tail splay.

The coexistence of Swabians and Hungarians in a village in near Budapest

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Barbara Sólyom

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The study takes the contact hypothesis of social psychology as its starting point and examines a Swabian-Hungarian ethnic village as an example.The contact hypothesis suggests that contact or interaction between members of different groups under the right circumstances diminishes prejudice and hostility between those groups and mitigates stereotyping and discrimination. However, for this effect to occur, certain conditions must be met: the parties should be of equal status, have a common goal, cooperate, receive the support of authorities and maintain a personal relationship, since this is the only way long- term success can be achieved. Pursuit of mutual assimilation, physical proximity and time can also help people to accept each other and adopt coexistence. These conditions have been met in the case of the Swabian and Hungarian ethnic groups living in the village of Dunabogdány. Social and political processes, Catholicism and the fact that the German language has been added to the local school curriculum have also contributed to the successful outcome.

Juridical-penal aspects of the cesium-137 accident; Implicacoes juridico-penais do acidente com o cesio-137

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Soares, Carolina Chaves [Goias Univ., Goiania, GO (Brazil)

1997-12-31

The study of the juridical-penal aspects of the Cesium-137 accident, has, as a base, the police inquiry and the penal lawsuit concerning to the episode. Due to the lack of a law which typified activities related with radioisotope material as crime, the responsible were sentenced according to the penalties of body injury crime and homicide. Among the 10 investigated people, only 5 were condemned by the Judiciary and only 4 serve the sentence. (author) 5 refs.; e-mail: mariliag at netline.com.br

Castigo penal, injusticia social y autoridad moral

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Eduardo Rivera López

2016-03-01

Full Text Available La pregunta que exploro en este trabajo es si la injusticia social puede socavar la autoridad moral de la sociedad (y los tribunales para castigar al que delinque. La respuesta a esta pregunta depende esencialmente de cuál sea la teoría justificatoria del castigo penal de la que se parte. Analizo diversas teorías de la pena, entre ellas la teoría consensual de Carlos Nino. Mi objetivo es explorar de qué modo las diferentes teorías de la pena enfrentan el desafío que plantea la pregunta y extraer algunas conclusiones tentativas de ese recorrido.

Variational and penalization methods for studying connecting orbits of Hamiltonian systems

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Chao-Nien Chen

2000-08-01

Full Text Available In this article, we consider a class of second order Hamiltonian systems that possess infinite or finite number of equilibria. Variational arguments will be used to study the existence of connecting orbits joining pairs of equilibria. Applying penalization methods, we obtain various patterns for multibump homoclinics and heteroclinics of Hamiltonian systems.

Teaching the Romanian Neighbors Hungarian: Language Ideologies and the Debrecen Summer School

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Kiss, Attila Gyula

2016-01-01

This article is a contribution to the hitherto scant literature on learning a historical minority language and on language ideologies in the context of a study abroad program in Hungary, Debrecen. I analyse the language ideologies of the decision makers in Hungary and in the Debrecen Summer School in relation to the teaching of Hungarian to the…

Impact of Austrian hydropower plants on the flood control safety of the Hungarian Danube reach

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zsuffa, I.

1999-01-01

Statistical analysis of daily water level data from four gauging stations along the Hungarian Danube reach has been carried out with the purpose of analysing the impact of the Austrian hydropower plants on the floods of the river. Conditional probability distribution functions of annual flood load maxima and annual number of floods were generated for the periods 1957-1976 and 1977-1996. By comparing these distribution functions, it could be shown that the flood load maxima have decreased, while the number of small and medium floods have increased during the past forty years. These changes indicate a decreased rate of flood superposition resulting from the barrages constructed in this period. The significantly decreased flood load maxima indicate that the Austrian barrage system has positive impact on the flood control safety of the Hungarian Danube reach

[Dyadic coping and well-being -- the Hungarian version of the Dyadic Coping Inventory].

Science.gov (United States)

Martos, Tamás; Sallay, Viola; Nistor, Michaela; Józsa, Péter

2012-01-01

In studying coping processes, there is often a focus on individual coping while dyadic processes in couples are seldom addressed. Therefore we present here data with the Hungarian version of the Dyadic Coping Inventory (DCI) that was developed to assess dyadic forms of coping (e.g., stress communication, support, delegated and negative coping). 473 adult participants, living in committed relationships (176 male and 296 female, aged 34,0 +/- 11,9 years) were involved in a questionnaire study. Along with the Hungarian version of the Dyadic Coping Inventory we assessed satisfaction with life (SWLS) and marital satisfaction (Marital Stress Scale). Subscales of the Dyadic Coping Inventory were found reliable and the expected factor structure for both the dyadic coping of oneself and the partner were replicable. Moreover, specific forms of dyadic coping accounted for significant amount of explained variance in life satisfaction (31,8 and 27,7% for male and female respondents) and marital satisfaction (1,8 and 48,5%). Results imply possible gender differences, since marital satisfaction of women was negatively predicted both by negative coping of oneself and the partner (betas=-0,174 and -0,152), and positively by the support of the partner and the evaluation of the common dyadic coping (betas= 0,255 and 0,187), whereas there was only one significant link in male respondents, supportive coping of oneself (beta= 0,320). Results show that 1. the Hungarian version of the DCI is a reliable and valid measure, and 2. there may be specific gender differences in dyadic coping that has to be considered when planning further research, training programs and therapeutic interventions for couples.

Derecho penal, cyberbullying y otras formas de acoso (no sexual en el ciberespacio

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Fernando Miró Llinares

2013-06-01

Full Text Available

Las redes sociales, en particular, e internet en general, constituyen hoy en día un nuevo ámbito de desarrollo personal, un nuevo espacio vital en el que cada individuo pasa varias horas al día, se comunica con otros, crea relaciones, y en el que, por tanto, también se cometen ataques contra bienes individuales como el honor, la libertad, la intimidad o la propia dignidad personal. En el presente trabajo se analiza la respuesta del ordenamiento penal español a las distintas formas de acoso no sexual a menores realizado en el ciberespacio. A partir de la descripción y conceptualización de fenómenos como el cyberbullying, o los actos individuales de online harassment, se analiza la concreta incardinación de las distintas modalidades de acoso, continuado o no, a menores, en los diferentes tipos de la parte especial. Al no existir un precepto penal que regule expresamente la mayoría de estas conductas, y pese a haberse convertido el tipo básico de los delitos contra la integridad moral en el delito de referencia para los tribunales, son varios (amenazas, coacciones, injurias, etc. los tipos penales que pueden aplicarse en conductas de acoso, generalmente entre iguales, que, como se verá por el amplísimo repertorio jurisprudencial, están comenzando a proliferar en el ciberespacio.

A second order penalized direct forcing for hybrid Cartesian/immersed boundary flow simulations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Introini, C.; Belliard, M.; Fournier, C.

2014-01-01

In this paper, we propose a second order penalized direct forcing method to deal with fluid-structure interaction problems involving complex static or time-varying geometries. As this work constitutes a first step toward more complicated problems, our developments are restricted to Dirichlet boundary condition in purely hydraulic context. The proposed method belongs to the class of immersed boundary techniques and consists in immersing the physical domain in a Cartesian fictitious one of simpler geometry on fixed grids. A penalized forcing term is added to the momentum equation to take the boundary conditions around/inside the obstacles into account. This approach avoids the tedious task of re-meshing and allows us to use fast and accurate numerical schemes. In contrary, as the immersed boundary is described by a set of Lagrangian points that does not generally coincide with those of the Eulerian grid, numerical procedures are required to reconstruct the velocity field near the immersed boundary. Here, we develop a second order linear interpolation scheme and we compare it to a simpler model of order one. As far as the governing equations are concerned, we use a particular fractional-step method in which the penalized forcing term is distributed both in prediction and correction equations. The accuracy of the proposed method is assessed through 2-D numerical experiments involving static and rotating solids. We show in particular that the numerical rate of convergence of our method is quasi-quadratic. (authors)

LOS DELITOS DE VIOLACIÓN Y ESTUPRO DEL ARTÍCULO 365 BIS CÓDIGO PENAL: UNA RACIONALIZACIÓN DESDE EL MANDATO DE LEX STRICTA Y EL PRINCIPIO DE LESIVIDAD. ESPECIAL REFERENCIA A LA INTRODUCCIÓN DE DEDOS U OTRAS PARTES DEL CUERPO

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José Ángel Fernández Cruz

2007-01-01

Full Text Available El art. 365 bis CP constituye una de las últimas manifestaciones del modelo penal de seguridad ciudadana en nuestro Sistema Penal que, en esta ocasión, ha tenido como principales víctimas a los principios de legalidad y correspondencia con la realidad social. El desconocimiento de la realidad social por parte del legislador penal a la hora de describir el precepto in comento ha ocasionado una falta de certeza jurídica que, a la vez, ha derivado en una quiebra del mandato de ¡ex stricta por parte de la mayoría de los tribunales penales chilenos. El presente artículo pretende, en la medida de lo posible, mitigar la manifiesta irracionalidad de este precepto a través de una interpretación alternativa desde el mandado de ¡ex stricta y el principio de lesividadSection 365 bis of the Chilean Criminal Code is one of the latest manifestations of the law and order policy in our Criminal Justice System. In this occasion, it has mainly affected the principle of legality and its correspondence with social reality. A criminal justice lawmaker non-familiarized with social reality can create a lack of legal certainty and, consequently, a breach of the lex stricta mandate. A paradigmaticlesample of this is the typical description made of section 365 bis and its interpretation by most criminal courts. This paper seeks, to thelestent possible, to mitigate such manifest irrationality

[Bone metabolism in adults with phenylketonuria - Hungarian data].

Science.gov (United States)

Barta, András Gellért; Sumánszki, Csaba; Reismann, Péter

2017-11-01

Patients with phenylketonuria have lower bone mineral density compared to healthy people, however, the ethiology of these alterations is not clear. Hungarian data were missing in this topic. The main aim of our study was to survey the correlation between metabolic control and change of bone mineral density in early treated Hungarian adult patients with phenylketonuria. In this monocentric study bone mineral density of 59 adult PKU patients have been repeatedly measured in a 4-year interval using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Two subgroups have been established based on average blood phenylalanine levels. The correlation between the change in bone mineral density and average phenylalanine, tyrosine concentrations have been determined while initial bone mineral density and change have also been examined in the subgroups. Mean phenylalanine concentration was 614 (182-1222) micromol/L, whereas mean tyrosine concentration was 49 (24-99) micromol/L and the calculated ratio was 16 (4,5-35). Three patients have had severely decreased bone mineral density in either localisation while 22 have had mild decrease. Low bone mineral density compared to cronological age has been found by 9 patient. The mean change was +0.0380 (-0.1550-0.7800) g/cm 2 in femur, and +0.0120 (-0.57300-0.3130) g/cm 2 in the lumbar spine. There was a correlation in the change in Z-score neither with mean phenylalanine nor with tyrosine concentration. Bone mineral density was not changed and hardly influenced by the metabolic control in early-treated young adult phenylketonuria patients in a few years interval. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(47): 1868-1872.

Penalized likelihood and multi-objective spatial scans for the detection and inference of irregular clusters

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Fonseca Carlos M

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Irregularly shaped spatial clusters are difficult to delineate. A cluster found by an algorithm often spreads through large portions of the map, impacting its geographical meaning. Penalized likelihood methods for Kulldorff's spatial scan statistics have been used to control the excessive freedom of the shape of clusters. Penalty functions based on cluster geometry and non-connectivity have been proposed recently. Another approach involves the use of a multi-objective algorithm to maximize two objectives: the spatial scan statistics and the geometric penalty function. Results & Discussion We present a novel scan statistic algorithm employing a function based on the graph topology to penalize the presence of under-populated disconnection nodes in candidate clusters, the disconnection nodes cohesion function. A disconnection node is defined as a region within a cluster, such that its removal disconnects the cluster. By applying this function, the most geographically meaningful clusters are sifted through the immense set of possible irregularly shaped candidate cluster solutions. To evaluate the statistical significance of solutions for multi-objective scans, a statistical approach based on the concept of attainment function is used. In this paper we compared different penalized likelihoods employing the geometric and non-connectivity regularity functions and the novel disconnection nodes cohesion function. We also build multi-objective scans using those three functions and compare them with the previous penalized likelihood scans. An application is presented using comprehensive state-wide data for Chagas' disease in puerperal women in Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Conclusions We show that, compared to the other single-objective algorithms, multi-objective scans present better performance, regarding power, sensitivity and positive predicted value. The multi-objective non-connectivity scan is faster and better suited for the

Hungarian gyerekestül vs. gyerekkel (‘with [the] kid’

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István Fekete

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The paper analyzes the various uses of the Hungarian -stUl (‘together with’, ‘along with’ sociative (associative suffix (later in the paper referred to simply as “sociative”, as in the example gyerekestül. As opposed to its comitative-instrumental suffix -vAl (‘with’, the -stUl suffix cannot express instrumentality. The paper aims to demonstrate the difference in use between the comitative-instrumental -vAl and the -stUl suffix in contemporary Hungarian, and to illuminate the historical emergence of the suffix as well as its grammatical status. It is argued on the basis of Antal (1960 and Kiefer (2003 that -stUl cannot be analyzed as an inflectional case suffix (such as the -vAl suffix, or -ed, -ing, or the plural in English, but should rather be categorized as a derivational suffix (such as English dis-, re-, in-, -ance, -able, -ish, -like, etc.. The paper also tries to shed light on the hypothetical cognitive psychological distinction between the comitative and the sociative. It is suggested that the sociative is based on the amalgam image schema which is derived from the LINK schema of the comitative. The ironical reading of the sociative is an implicature in the sense of Grice (1989 and Sperber and Wilson (1987. Psycholinguistic experimentation is proposed to follow up on the mental representation of the sociative.

JURIDICAL REGIME OF THE INTEREST IN THE ROMANIAN LAW. PARTICULAR CASE. COMPARISON BETWEEN THE REGULATIONS OF THE REMUNERATORY INTEREST VERSUS THE PENALIZING INTEREST, IN THE ROMANIAN BANKING LAW

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Silvia Lucia Cristea

2015-11-01

Full Text Available The analysis of a case where the rate of the conventional interest is not specified made me investigate what is the maximal limit that can be obtained in this case, under the regulation in force, in the Romanian law (sect.1!To formulate a solution, I considered as necessary to analyze : the provision on the moratory damages (according to the Roman Civil Code and the putting of the debtor in default, in order to know what is the date starting from which the moratory damages are calculated (according to the Roman Civil Code-sect.2; the juridical regime of the interest (according to the Roman Bankin Law-sect.3;comparison between the remuneratory interest and the penalizing interest (according to the Roman Banking Law-sect.4;solution for the case and conclusions-sect. 5.

Hope and hopelessness as predictors of suicide ideation in Hungarian college students.

Science.gov (United States)

Chang, Edward C

2017-08-01

This study investigated whether hopelessness and dispositional hope predict suicide ideation in 395 Hungarian college students. Both hopelessness and hope uniquely predicted suicide ideation, a pattern that remained unchanged even after controlling for psychological symptoms. Moreover, a significant Hopelessness × Hope interaction predicted suicide ideation. Present findings highlight how hope buffers the association between hopelessness and suicide risk in college students.

La responsabilidad penal de personas jurídicas como omisión legislativa en Colombia

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Ingrid Regina Petro González

2014-12-01

Full Text Available La responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídicas es uno de los temas de estudio que mayor controversia generan en Colombia y en el mundo globalizado, por lo que estudiar sus elementos resulta pertinente, desde el punto de vista académico y práctico. Objetivo. Recopilar algunas nociones sobre responsabilidad penal de entes colectivos, las consideraciones de la Corte Constitucional colombiana al respecto, el estado actual de la discusión en Colombia y el control constitucional por omisión legislativa. Métodos. Análisis bibliográfico y jurisprudencial. Resultados. En Colombia existe un déficit de protección de bienes jurídicos susceptibles de ser afectados por personas jurídicas; pese a ello, la reacción del ordenamiento jurídico colombiano frente a los efectos de esta criminalidad es confusa, por lo cual la producción normativa al respecto bien podría encuadrarse en lo que la doctrina constitucional considera omisión legislativa. Conclusiones. La confusión en cuanto a la naturaleza de las disposiciones normativas que regulan la participación de la persona jurídica en el proceso penal ha obstaculizado el desarrollo normativo de sus derechos fundamentales.

ATTACHMENT AS A PREDICTOR OF RISK FOR EATING DISORDERS ON A REPRESENTATIVE HUNGARIAN ADULT SAMPLE.

Science.gov (United States)

Szalai, Tamás Dömötör; Czeglédi, Edit

2015-11-30

Many studies confirm the relationship between attachment disturbances and (the severity of) eating disorders, however among them only one Hungarian study can be found. The exact predisposing traits of attachment and the strength of relationship is still uncleared. Our aim was to explore these aspects. Study was based on a cross-sectional nationally representative survey, called "Hungarostudy 2013" (N = 2000, 46.9% males, mean age 46.9 years, SD = 18.24 years). Measures: Sociodemographic and self-reported anthropometric data (weight and height), short Hungarian version of Relationship Scale Questionnaire, SCOFF questionnaire and short Hungarian version of Beck Depression Inventory. The frequency of risk for eating disorders (anorexia or bulimia nervosa) was 3.9% (N = 76) among the respondents (N = 1860). Attachment anxiety was significantly higher in the risk for eating disorders group (t (1888) = -3.939, p eating disorders after adjusting for the potential background variables (OR = 1.09, p = 0.040). Detachment was not a significant predictor of risk for eating disorders (OR = 0.98, p = 0.515). Younger age (OR = 0.97, p cross-sectional predictors of risk for eating disorders. The explained variance of the model was 10.7%. The study supported, that higher attachment anxiety is associated with the increased risk of eating disorders, with a possible therapeutic relevance. Assessment of attachment's further aspects and creating multivariable models are required for more thorough understanding and optimising of intervention points.

Libertad de expresión, redes sociales y derecho penal. Estudio del caso Nicolás Castro

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Juan Carlos Upegui Mejía

2010-12-01

Full Text Available El autor propone una lectura de la libertad de expresión en la internet a partir del análisis de un caso: la persecución penal de un usuario de Facebook que participa en un grupo que busca asesinar al hijo del presidente de la República. La tesis, al amparo de la Convención americana de derechos humanos, es que ese tipo de discursos esta prohibido, empero, el régimen de responsabilidad aplicable no puede ser de tipo penal. En busca de los límites al ejercicio de dicha libertad el autor intenta perfilar un marco conceptual desde las prácticas, el tipo de discurso, las subjetividades y los valores de la internet. En la autorregulación o en la composición de tipo civil deben fundarse los límites a la libertad de expresión que la resguarden de la autocensura o de la aplicación de un derecho penal del enemigo.

Debido proceso, sistemas y reforma del proceso penal

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Teresa Armenta Deu

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Este artículo se propone examinar los modelos de procesos penales de los movimientos de reforma que se establecieron en las últimas décadas del siglo XX, en los países iberoamericanos. Para ello, primero se enfatiza las características históricas de cada sistema, poniendo de relieve la importancia de no confundir el acusatorio con el adversarial, rechazando la coincidencia entre los sistemas actuales y mixto inquisitivo histórico. Apoya la importancia de la igualdad de armas y e del contradictoria en la búsqueda de un equilibrio entre los modelos de procedimiento.

Imprudencia inconsciente y derecho penal de la culpabilidad

OpenAIRE

Guanais de Aguiar Filho, Oliveiros

2016-01-01

La discusión sobre la compatibilidad entre la imprudencia inconsciente y el principio de culpabilidad ha llamado la atención de la dogmática penal hace más de dos siglos. La primera parte de este trabajo presenta esta polémica histórica de forma crítica desde Feuerbach y sus contemporáneos hasta el finalismo. En la segunda parte del trabajo se tienen en cuenta las críticas a la imprudencia inconsciente y se analizan los fundamentos de esta modalidad de imputación bajo la perspectiva de la teo...

Integrative Analysis of High-throughput Cancer Studies with Contrasted Penalization

Science.gov (United States)

Shi, Xingjie; Liu, Jin; Huang, Jian; Zhou, Yong; Shia, BenChang; Ma, Shuangge

2015-01-01

In cancer studies with high-throughput genetic and genomic measurements, integrative analysis provides a way to effectively pool and analyze heterogeneous raw data from multiple independent studies and outperforms “classic” meta-analysis and single-dataset analysis. When marker selection is of interest, the genetic basis of multiple datasets can be described using the homogeneity model or the heterogeneity model. In this study, we consider marker selection under the heterogeneity model, which includes the homogeneity model as a special case and can be more flexible. Penalization methods have been developed in the literature for marker selection. This study advances from the published ones by introducing the contrast penalties, which can accommodate the within- and across-dataset structures of covariates/regression coefficients and, by doing so, further improve marker selection performance. Specifically, we develop a penalization method that accommodates the across-dataset structures by smoothing over regression coefficients. An effective iterative algorithm, which calls an inner coordinate descent iteration, is developed. Simulation shows that the proposed method outperforms the benchmark with more accurate marker identification. The analysis of breast cancer and lung cancer prognosis studies with gene expression measurements shows that the proposed method identifies genes different from those using the benchmark and has better prediction performance. PMID:24395534

[Autoimmune pancreatitis. Evidence based management guidelines of the Hungarian Pancreatic Study Group].

Science.gov (United States)

Dubravcsik, Zsolt; Farkas, Gyula; Hegyi, Péter; Hritz, István; Kelemen, Dezső; Lásztity, Natália; Morvay, Zita; Oláh, Attila; Pap, Ákos; Párniczky, Andrea; Sahin-Tóth, Miklós; Szentkereszti, Zsolt; Szmola, Richárd; Takács, Tamás; Tiszlavicz, László; Szücs, Ákos; Czakó, László

2015-02-22

Autoimmune pancreatitis is a rare disease which can even mimic pancreatic tumor, however, unlike the latter, it requires not surgical but conservative management. Correct diagnosis and differential diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis and treatment of these patients requires up-to-date and evidence based management guidelines. The Hungarian Pancreatic Study Group proposed to prepare an evidence based guideline based on the available international guidelines and evidences. The preparatory and consultation task force appointed by the Hungarian Pancreatic Study Group translated and complemented and/or modified the international guidelines if it was necessary. 29 relevant clinical questions in 4 topics were defined (Basics; Diagnosis; Differential diagnostics; Therapy). Evidence was classified according to the UpToDate(®) grading system. The draft of the guidelines was presented and discussed at the consensus meeting on September 12, 2014. All clinial questions were accepted with almost total (more than 95%) agreement. The present guideline is the first evidence based autoimmune pancreatitis guideline in Hungary. The guideline may provide very important and helpful data for tuition of autoimmune pancreatitis, for everyday practice and for establishing proper finance. Therefore, the authors believe that these guidelines will widely become a basic reference in Hungary.

Language Play and Linguistic Hybridity as Current Trends in Hungarian Word-Formation

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Réka Benczes

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Hungarian literature on word-formation typically focuses on rule-governed descriptions of regular and typologically relevant patterns. However, there are plenty of other word-formation trends that usually go unnoticed in mainstream morphological research. The present paper will focus on two such trends: 1 rhyming and alliterating compounds such as pannon puma ‘Pannonian puma’ (a euphemism for Hungary’s economic performance, on the analogy of Asian tiger; and 2 creative prefixations such as meggugliz (‘to google’ and felhájpol (‘to hype’. Although these are seemingly two quite different patterns, in fact they share two significant traits. On the one hand, they are demonstrations of the fact that language users make full use of the creative possibilities in language and routinely play with sounds and meanings. On the other hand, they are also indications of the influential role of English in present-day Hungarian word-formation. It seems that language users are not only aware of the possibilities that this interference can result in but are also able to exploit these consciously. This crossing of language boundaries is becoming increasingly inevitable with the global spread of English.

Assessing and Promoting the Level of Safeguards Culture in Hungarian Nuclear Facilities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stefanka, Z.; Vincze, A.

2015-01-01

The Hungarian SSAC has introduced a comprehensive domestic safeguards verification system consisting of regular comprehensive SSAC verifications in the whole lifetime of the facilities. The main goals of the comprehensive verification system are: (i) to assess the facility's safeguards system compliance with the relevant national legislation and recommendations, (ii) to assess the activities of the facility aimed at maintaining and further developing its safeguards system, and, (iii) to revise validity of data and information previously provided by the facility subject to safeguards licencing procedures. The maintenance level of the system as well as the available knowledge on the possible needs for change reflect the top management's awareness of this issue and is a good indicator of the present and future effectiveness of the facility level safeguards system and the level of safeguards culture. The structure, preparation, conduction, documentation and initial experiences of the comprehensive safeguards verification system is introduced in the paper. Additionally, HAEA has just introduced a safeguards indexing method for evaluation the safeguards culture at Hungarian nuclear facilities. The main goal of indexing method and the evaluated parameters are also shown in the paper. (author)

Macaristan Türkolojisi Üzerine Bir Biyo-Biyografi Denemesi An Attempt At A Bioagrapy of Hungarian Turkology

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Mehmet GÜMÜŞKILIÇ

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Hungary is the place where Turcology studies started in modern terms. For many years Hungarian scientists have been engaged in Turkish studies- as a part of their research of their own roots -. Theyhad great contribution to Turkish language, history, literature,geography, ethnography and music. It may also be supposed thatTurkish Hungarian relations were better than now. However, todayTurkish Hungarian relations have been enjoying a revival again.Considering the closeness of Hungarians and Turks, it is obvious thatthe two nations share some responsibilities in improving their relations.In this article, after organizing the names of all the HungarianTurcologs who have conducted studies on Turks after the foundation ofmodern Turcology in alphabetical order, their articles on Turcologyfromoldest to newest will be presented as well as their career lives.Also the lists of some of the studies on some of the Turcologs will begiven. The Hungarian scientists and their studies mentioned in thisarticle do not encompass all of them. If we include other articles, books,presentations, credits, reviews and the studies of other scientists thatwe haven’t been able to mention here, the number will swell and gobeyond the limits of this article. In the future, we hope that furtherdetailed studies will be conducted on Hungarian Turcology. Through anattempt at biyo biography, we have tried to touch briefly on theimportance Hungarians give to Turks.Undoubtedly in the future, Turkish Hungarian relations andfriendship will further improve with the help of further detailed studies.This article will serve its purpose if we have a tiny contribution. Modern anlamda Türkoloji çalışmalarının başladığı yer Macaristan’dır. Macar bilim adamları yıllar boyu -bir bakıma kendi köklerini de arama çabaları sebebiyle- Türklük bilimiyle uğraştılar. Türk diline, tarihine, kültürüne, edebiyatına, coğrafyasına, etnoğrafyasına, musikîsine b

A Penalized Likelihood Framework For High-Dimensional Phylogenetic Comparative Methods And An Application To New-World Monkeys Brain Evolution.

Science.gov (United States)

Julien, Clavel; Leandro, Aristide; Hélène, Morlon

2018-06-19

Working with high-dimensional phylogenetic comparative datasets is challenging because likelihood-based multivariate methods suffer from low statistical performances as the number of traits p approaches the number of species n and because some computational complications occur when p exceeds n. Alternative phylogenetic comparative methods have recently been proposed to deal with the large p small n scenario but their use and performances are limited. Here we develop a penalized likelihood framework to deal with high-dimensional comparative datasets. We propose various penalizations and methods for selecting the intensity of the penalties. We apply this general framework to the estimation of parameters (the evolutionary trait covariance matrix and parameters of the evolutionary model) and model comparison for the high-dimensional multivariate Brownian (BM), Early-burst (EB), Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU) and Pagel's lambda models. We show using simulations that our penalized likelihood approach dramatically improves the estimation of evolutionary trait covariance matrices and model parameters when p approaches n, and allows for their accurate estimation when p equals or exceeds n. In addition, we show that penalized likelihood models can be efficiently compared using Generalized Information Criterion (GIC). We implement these methods, as well as the related estimation of ancestral states and the computation of phylogenetic PCA in the R package RPANDA and mvMORPH. Finally, we illustrate the utility of the new proposed framework by evaluating evolutionary models fit, analyzing integration patterns, and reconstructing evolutionary trajectories for a high-dimensional 3-D dataset of brain shape in the New World monkeys. We find a clear support for an Early-burst model suggesting an early diversification of brain morphology during the ecological radiation of the clade. Penalized likelihood offers an efficient way to deal with high-dimensional multivariate comparative data.

LA RESPONSABILIDAD PENAL DEL NOTARIO EN COLOMBIA EN EL EJERCICIO DE SUS FUNCIONES PÚBLICAS. ESTUDIO DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DEL DERECHO PENAL ECONÓMICO

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Jorge Arturo Abello Gual

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo trata el tema de los delitos aplicables a la actividad notarial y del estudio de las figuras especiales de la teoría del delito, que le serían aplicables a la función notarial. En este orden de ideas, queda planteada la discusión en torno a la responsabilidad penal del notario y de sus empleados, en el ejercicio de su función pública.

Verification of different forecasts of Hungarian Meteorological Service

Science.gov (United States)

Feher, B.

2009-09-01

In this paper I show the results of the forecasts made by the Hungarian Meteorological Service. I focus on the general short- and medium-range forecasts, which contains cloudiness, precipitation, wind speed and temperature for six regions of Hungary. I would like to show the results of some special forecasts as well, such as precipitation predictions which are made for the catchment area of Danube and Tisza rivers, and daily mean temperature predictions used by Hungarian energy companies. The product received by the user is made by the general forecaster, but these predictions are based on the ALADIN and ECMWF outputs. Because of these, the product of the forecaster and the models were also verified. Method like this is able to show us, which weather elements are more difficult to forecast or which regions have higher errors. During the verification procedure the basic errors (mean error, mean absolute error) are calculated. Precipitation amount is classified into five categories, and scores like POD, TS, PC,…etc. were defined by contingency table determined by these categories. The procedure runs fully automatically, all the things forecasters have to do is to print the daily result each morning. Beside the daily result, verification is also made for longer periods like week, month or year. Analyzing the results of longer periods we can say that the best predictions are made for the first few days, and precipitation forecasts are less good for mountainous areas, even, the scores of the forecasters sometimes are higher than the errors of the models. Since forecaster receive results next day, it can helps him/her to reduce mistakes and learn the weakness of the models. This paper contains the verification scores, their trends, the method by which these scores are calculated, and some case studies on worse forecasts.

Nucleotide sequence of Hungarian grapevine chrome mosaic nepovirus RNA1.

OpenAIRE

Le Gall, O; Candresse, T; Brault, V; Dunez, J

1989-01-01

The nucleotide sequence of the RNA1 of hungarian grapevine chrome mosaic virus, a nepovirus very closely related to tomato black ring virus, has been determined from cDNA clones. It is 7212 nucleotides in length excluding the 3' terminal poly(A) tail and contains a large open reading frame extending from nucleotides 216 to 6971. The presumably encoded polyprotein is 2252 amino acids in length with a molecular weight of 250 kDa. The primary structure of the polyprotein was compared with that o...

Using Learning Management Systems in Business and Economics Studies in Hungarian Higher Education

Science.gov (United States)

Nagy, Judit T.

2016-01-01

This paper explores all uses of LMS in teaching Business Mathematics in Hungarian undergraduate training from the point of view of the instructors. Since no similar survey had been carried out in Hungary earlier, the aim was to fill in this gap and to investigate which LMS systems are being used by the instructors, to what specific purposes and…

Limitaciones del Derecho Probatorio contemporáneo en los delitos masivos de conocimiento de los tribunales penales internacionales

OpenAIRE

Jiménez Ospina, Alejandro

2012-01-01

El Derecho Penal Internacional como conjunto de normas que regulan la responsabilidad penal individual por violaciones graves al derecho internacional, implica, en el ámbito de la CPI, el juicio y la condena, en caso de proceder, por la comisión de crímenes de genocidio, lesa humanidad, guerra y agresión. La práctica del referido tribunal, establecido para juzgar las situaciones más graves y trascendentes, implica en algunos casos la investigación y juicio de delitos de carácter masivo, es de...

Efectos de la sentencia penal absolutoria en un proceso de responsabilidad civil por el ejercicio de actividades peligrosas

OpenAIRE

Londoño Arango, Agustín; Velásquez Hoyos, Sebastián

2006-01-01

En el siguiente trabajo pretendemos mostrar los efectos de la sentencia penal absolutoria en un proceso de responsabilidad civil por el ejercicio de actividades peligrosas. La importancia del tema radica en que “el hecho punible origina no solo consecuencias de orden penal, sino también civil, por lo cual – en principio- toda persona que realice una conducta típica, antijurídica y culpable, trátese de imputable o inimputable, debe restituir las cosas al estado en que se encontraban en el mome...

The Kodály and Rajkó Methods: Voices, Instruments, Ethnicity, and the Globalization of Hungarian Music Education in the Twentieth Century

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Lynn M. Hooker

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Music is one of the fields in which Hungary has distinguished itself around the world, and music education is an arena in which Hungarian methods have had a profound impact. The basic principles of Hungarian music-pedagogical methods, developed by Zoltán Kodály (1882–1967 and his disciples and thus known as the Kodály method, are systematic instruction in sight-singing using “movable-do” solfège and rhythmic syllables, with the ideal of developing music literacy in all children through high-quality music, mainly classical and folk repertoire for choirs. Another type of well-known Hungarian music, so-called “Gypsy music,” is specifically denied legitimacy both in Kodály’s writings and those of some of his students, for two reasons: much of it is primarily instrumental instead of vocal, and it is considered “bad.” Yet Romani (Gypsy musicians from Hungary have also become famous internationally, some from quite a young age. The Rajkó Ensemble, established in 1952 as the Gypsy Orchestra of the Young Communists’ League, brought Hungarian and Hungarian-Gypsy music to over a hundred countries over the years. Interviews with Rajkó members, some conducted by the author and some previously published, reveal those musicians struggling to claim the legitimacy not only of their music but of their music pedagogy, implicitly comparing the Rajkó method to the Kodály method. After a brief discussion of the Kodály method and its history, this essay gives some examples of how that method has dealt with talented Romani youth in Hungary; compares the Kodály method to methods of teaching instrumental music in Roma communities and in the Rajkó Ensemble; and considers how American ideals of multicultural education challenge some of Kodály’s tenets.

The Role of the Environmental Health Specialist in the Penal and Correctional System

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Walker, Bailus, Jr.; Gordon, Theodore J.

1976-01-01

Implementing a health and hygiene program in penal systems necessitates coordinating the entire staff. Health specialists could participate in facility planning and management, policy formation, and evaluation of medical care, housekeeping, and food services. They could also serve as liaisons between correctional staff and governmental or…

[What worries Hungarian men? Characteristics of masculine gender role stress].

Science.gov (United States)

Susánszky, Anna; Susánszky, Eva; Kopp, Mária

2009-07-01

The aim of this study was to establish the characteristics of stress associated with male gender role and its relationship to health and to risk behaviours among Hungarian men. The present analysis is based on data of the Hungarostudy 2006 survey. Forty-one percent of the participants were men. Eighty nine percent of the male respondents completed the Eisler-Skidmore Masculine Gender Role Stress Scale; data of 1764 persons were analyzed. Anxiety about sexual performance, breadwinner role, and appearance (i.e. tradition factor) causes a much greater burden of stress than anxiety about changing gender relationships (i.e. modernization factor). With the increase of age, stress caused by traditional role expectations significantly decreases; tensions caused by women's dominance and by situations which demand emotional response and empathy are the highest among middle aged men. Traditional gender role stress is more prevalent among pensioners than among economically active men; stress caused by the modernization of masculine gender role particularly afflicts unemployed men. Married men are to the least extent troubled by female dominance and difficulties in expressing emotions. Of the two dimensions analyzed here (tradition and modernization) only the values on the tradition factor were related to health status, psychological wellbeing, and frequency of smoking. Modernization of gender roles represents only a small--if any--stressor in the life of Hungarian men; on the other hand, unsuccessful adaptation to traditional role expectations highly increases the burden of stress and is closely related to smoking.

Penalized Nonlinear Least Squares Estimation of Time-Varying Parameters in Ordinary Differential Equations

KAUST Repository

Cao, Jiguo; Huang, Jianhua Z.; Wu, Hulin

2012-01-01

Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are widely used in biomedical research and other scientific areas to model complex dynamic systems. It is an important statistical problem to estimate parameters in ODEs from noisy observations. In this article we propose a method for estimating the time-varying coefficients in an ODE. Our method is a variation of the nonlinear least squares where penalized splines are used to model the functional parameters and the ODE solutions are approximated also using splines. We resort to the implicit function theorem to deal with the nonlinear least squares objective function that is only defined implicitly. The proposed penalized nonlinear least squares method is applied to estimate a HIV dynamic model from a real dataset. Monte Carlo simulations show that the new method can provide much more accurate estimates of functional parameters than the existing two-step local polynomial method which relies on estimation of the derivatives of the state function. Supplemental materials for the article are available online.

Una vez más: sobre el tratamiento jurídico-penal del hecho de conciencia

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Claus Roxin

2014-06-01

Full Text Available El presente escrito hace referencia a la discusión sobre las consecuencias del derecho fundamental a la libertad de conciencia en el derecho penal. En especial se analizan las diferentes posturas que existen en la doctrina sobre el tratamiento jurídico-penal de los hechos de conciencia: las posibilidades de justificación, de exculpación y de atenuación. Asimismo se presentan nuevos argumentos a favor de una posible exculpación por ausencia de necesidad preventiva de punición (Entschuldigung beim Fehlen einer präventiven Bestrafungsnotwendigkeit y se contrasta esta postura con las sustentadas por Jorge Figueiredo Dias y Wolfgang Frisch.

SANCTIONS WHICH OCCUR AS A CONSEQUENCE OF NON-COMPLIANCE WITH THE PRINCIPLE OF LEGALITY IN THE PENAL TRIAL

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CATALIN IONUT ONCESCU

2011-04-01

Full Text Available The legality principle represents a frame principle since its interaction with the other principles exceeds the simple connection with those. The legality represents the frame within and with the compliance with which all the other fundamental principles of the penal trial are realized. No other principle can be placed outside thelegality, in same way in which any principle, no matter how important it may be, does not occur in any other way than according to the forms stipulated by law.Taking into consideration that the enforcement of the law is mandatory in criminal law procedures, as well as the obvious significance of the penal trial’s principle oflegality, it was absolutely necessary for the compliance with this principle to be doubled by numerous guarantees which, in the situations in which this fundamental rule has been violated, would become genuine sanctions referring not only to the procedural acts achieved with the law’s violation, but also to the people who have not complied with the law as far as the procedural penal activities’ unfolding is concerned.

Assessment of computer codes for VVER-440/213-type nuclear power plants

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Szabados, L.; Ezsol, Gy.; Perneczky [Atomic Energy Research Institute, Budapest (Hungary)

1995-09-01

Nuclear power plant of VVER-440/213 designed by the former USSR have a number of special features. As a consequence of these features the transient behaviour of such a reactor system should be different from the PWR system behaviour. To study the transient behaviour of the Hungarian Paks Nuclear Power Plant of VVER-440/213-type both analytical and experimental activities have been performed. The experimental basis of the research in the PMK-2 integral-type test facility , which is a scaled down model of the plant. Experiments performed on this facility have been used to assess thermal-hydraulic system codes. Four tests were selected for {open_quotes}Standard Problem Exercises{close_quotes} of the International Atomic Energy Agency. Results of the 4th Exercise, of high international interest, are presented in the paper, focusing on the essential findings of the assessment of computer codes.

Magyar tónevek angol fordítása [English translations of Hungarian lake names

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Gercsák, Gábor

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Recently prestigious local publishing houses have been publishing a growing number of geographical descriptions of Hungary in English. While these publications are of outstanding design, the authors do not use the names of geographical objects in Hungary in a standardized manner. As a result, the foreign reader may find distinct variants of the same name within the same book. This can encumber the interpretation of information, and the identification of certain geographical features on maps. The author examines the peculiarities of naming lakes in Hungarian and in English while exploring the spelling rules behind the name forms in both languages. The author then compares several examples taken from Hungary with the names of lakes in English-speaking countries. Finally, the author proposes that the English standardized equivalents of the Hungarian names for lakes should be used more consistently.

The Rise and Fall of Supermax: How the US Prison Model and Ultra Punitive Penal Policy Travelled to Colombia

OpenAIRE

de Dardel, Julie; Söderström, Ola

2016-01-01

In the context of the US anti-narcotic program, ‘Plan Colombia’, during the first decade of the 21st century, special agents of the US Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) took position in the heart of the Colombian penitentiary administration. Their task was to lead a profound reform of the sector, based on the US ultra-punitive penal regime and its ‘supermax’ housing units. Based on extensive fieldwork with prison architects, inmates and other actors in the penal systems of the US and Colombia, ...

De víctimas a victimarios: sobre la racionalidad mediática-penal

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Manchado, Mauricio Carlos

2017-01-01

Full Text Available [es] En el presente trabajo nos proponemos, como objetivo general, indagar sobre las construcciones mediáticas en torno a la figura del “individuo peligroso” en el discurso de la prensa gráfica local, tomando como caso de análisis el Diario La Capital de Rosario. Para ello, procuraremos describir un procedimiento discursivo singular en el relato mediático a raíz de los resultados de nuestro trabajo de campo: la víctima de un delito, en caso de tener antecedentes penales, será configurado como victimario. Operación discursiva que cristaliza una de las tantas manifestaciones de una racionalidad mediática-penal neoliberal donde por una parte, se condena justificando la muerte de la víctima por pertenecer a un sector social que no merece vivir y por otro, construye la figura de una víctima que pronto será victimario de si-mismo. [en] In this paper we propose, as a general objective, inquiring about media constructions around the figure of the “dangerous individual” in the discoruse of local press media, taking the case of the newspaper La Capital of Rosario. For that, we will describe a singular process: if a victim of crime have criminal records, will be configured as a victimizer. Discursive operation that cristalice one of the many manifestations of a neo-liberal-penal-media rationality where on the one hand, condemn justifying the death of the victim for belong to a social sector that does not deserve to live and on the other, builds the victim figure that will be soon a victimizer of himself.

Intercultural Contact and Multilingualism in an Intimate Relationship in the Austro-Hungarian Littoral.

Science.gov (United States)

Martinis, Anja Iveković

2016-09-01

The paper presents a case study of multilingualism in private correspondence in turn-of-the-century Austro-Hungarian Istria. Language attitudes and use of German, Italian and Slovenian are analyzed, with results indicating the compatibility of national feelings with an appreciation of multilingualism, as well as the important role that intimate intercultural relationships play in this regard in a culturally mixed region.

La protección del medio ambiente a través de los delitos acumulativos en el Derecho penal colombiano

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Carlos Alberto Jiménez Cabarcas

2017-12-01

Full Text Available El artículo se encuentra dirigido al estudio de los delitos acumulativos, siendo esta una figura jurídico penal, que se erige como una alternativa instituida por el Derecho penal moderno, encaminada a la atribución de responsabilidad penal, desafiando los postulados dispuestos por la ciencia penal clásica, con la finalidad de satisfacer las exigencias sociales, de penalización de sujetos que realicen comportamientos que de cualquier modo atenten contra el medioambiente. Para lo cual, se aborda la importancia que la sociedad posmoderna le ha atribuido al medioambiente, de manera que resulta para los Estados un bien jurídico de tal importancia, que no en pocos eventos, se recurre al empleo del poder punitivo para su resguardo jurídico, destacando que la protección del medioambiente por la vía penal es un fenómeno que ha cobrado importancia a nivel global en las últimas décadas. Así mismo, se cubren los esfuerzos que se deben hacer para que dicha aplicación sancionatoria no resulte en un desconocimiento de derechos fundamentales reconocidos y garantizados por el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano. Para ello, se indaga en los orígenes de esta figura jurídica, en su contexto, contrastándola con las circunstancias jurídicas en las que el poder punitivo se aplica en Colombia, recalcando que en el orden jurídico local existen principios, como el de antijuridicidad material, el cual tiene como núcleo la efectiva protección de bienes jurídicos, que resultan irrenunciables, valorándose las implicaciones que trae consigo la aplicación de sanciones a través de los delitos acumulativos, a la luz de estos principios fundamentales.

Mortality of persons deprived of liberty in the penal system

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Jovanić Goran

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The main aim of this research is to determine the scope, dynamics, and structure of deaths of persons deprived of their liberty who resided in the penal system due to custody, security measures, serving a prison sentence or an alternative sanction, with regard to their demographic, criminological, penal, and psychological characteristics. Article 111, paragraph b of the United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty (1990 determines that deprivation of liberty refers to any kind of detention, imprisonment, i.e. placement in a public or private institution which the imprisoned person cannot leave, by order of judicial, administrative or other public authority. The data used included information on persons deprived of their liberty who died in the territory of the Republic of Serbia in the period from 2008 to 2012. The data was obtained from The Directorate for Execution of Criminal Sanctions of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Serbia. In the past, researches mainly focused on violence in prisons, death penalty, prison riots, auto-aggressive behavior, i.e. certain forms of mortality such as a suicide. This paper aims to point out the characteristics of deaths which occur while persons deprived of their liberty are under the authority of judicial institutions, both before and after passing a criminal sanction.

REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN THE STARTING WAGE OF MASTER'S VS. BACHELOR'S DEGREE GRADUATES: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM THE HUNGARIAN GRADUATE CAREER TRACKING SURVEY 2012

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Andras Istvan Kun

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The study examines the wage gap between bachelor‟s and master‟s degree graduates in the Hungarian labour market by NUTS2 regions. The databases used in the study have been gained from the Hungarian Graduate Career Tracking Survey conducted in 2012 as well as from public regional data sources of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office. Relying on these databases independent t-tests, variance and regression analyses are performed to 1 identify the starting wage premium of those graduated at master‟s level compared to others owning only a bachelor‟s degree in the regions of Hungary, and to 2 define the role of regional factors (economic development, labour market indicators, demographic variables in the wage differences. Major conclusions of the study are that 1 obtaining a master‟s degree forecasts a significantly higher starting wage in most of the observed geographical areas, but 2 the size of this positive contribution significantly differs region by region (partly depending on economic and labour market factors.

Research Note: Political Geography and the Production of Hungarian “Pocket Atlases,” 1913-1919

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Zoltán Hajdú

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The Zsebatlasz [‘Pocket Atlas’] series published in Hungary between 1909 and 1919 was a business venture of the Hungarian Geographical Institute [Magyar Földrajzi Intézet]. Intended primarily for the teaching of geography at the secondary school level in Hungary, the main aim was to broaden the worldview and expand the knowledge of secondary school pupils. Before and during World War I, the books were militarised, and promoted Hungarian national points of views. Short articles in each of the volumes provided analyses and reports of the war, focusing in particular on the geographical problems arising from ever-shifting territorial transformations. To aid in the transfer of this political-geographical knowledge, coloured maps were published in a huge number in the volumes. This paper outlines the evolution of this “Pocket Atlas” series, and in so doing provides the basis for critical reflection on the relationship between political power, nationalist propaganda, and the production of geographical knowledge.

The evaluation of the Chernobyl reactor accident by the help of the Hungarian Surveillance of Germinal Mutations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Czeizel, A.E.; Elek, Cs.; Susanszky, E.

1992-01-01

The germinal mutagenic consequences or radioactive fall-out deposition from the Chernobyl accident in Hungary was evaluated in the ongoing program on the population-based Hungarian Surveillance of Germinal Mutations. The surveillance is based on three groups of indicator conditions: 15 sentinel anomalies (indicators of germinal dominant gene mutations), Down syndrome (an indicator of germinal numerical and structural chromosomal mutations) and unidentified multiple congenital abnormalities (indicators of germinal dominant gene and chromosomal mutations). Cases with indicator conditions were selected from the material of the Hungarian Congenital Abnormality Registry. After the diagnostic accuracies were checked, familial and sporadic cases were separated and only the latter group was evaluated for evidence of new mutations. The analysis did not reveal any measurable germinal mutagenic effects of the Chernobyl reactor accident in Hungary. (author)

Grammatical Gender Trouble and Hungarian Gender[lessness]. Part I: Comparative Linguistic Gender

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Louise O. Vasvári

2011-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study is to define linguistic gender[lessness], with particular reference in the latter part of the article to Hungarian, and to show why it is a feminist issue. I will discuss the [socio]linguistics of linguistic gender in three types of languages, those, like German and the Romance languages, among others, which possess grammatical gender, languages such as English, with only pronominal gender (sometimes misnamed ‘natural gender’, and languages such as Hungarian and other Finno-Ugric languages, as well as many other languages in the world, such as Turkish and Chinese, which have no linguistic or pronomial gender, but, like all languages, can make lexical gender distinctions. While in a narrow linguistic sense linguistic gender can be said to be afunctional, this does not take into account the ideological ramifications in gendered languages of the “leakage” between gender and sex[ism], while at the same time so-called genderless languages can express societal sexist assumptions linguistically through, for example, lexical gender, semantic derogation of women, and naming conventions. Thus, both languages with overt grammatical gender and those with gender-related asymmetries of a more covert nature show language to represent traditional cultural expectations, illustrating that linguistic gender is a feminist issue.

Qualifying lighting remodelling in a Hungarian city based on light pollution effects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kolláth, Z.; Dömény, A.; Kolláth, K.; Nagy, B.

2016-01-01

The public lighting system has been remodelled in several Hungarian cities. In some cases the majority of the old luminaries were fitted with high pressure sodium lamps and they were replaced with white LED lighting with a typical correlated colour temperature of about 4500 K. Therefore, these remodelling works provide a testbed for methods in measurements and modelling. We measured the luminance of the light domes of selected cities by DSLR photometry before and after the remodelling. Thanks to the full cut off design of the new lighting fixtures we obtained a slight decrease even in the blue part of the sky dome spectra of a tested city. However, we have to note that this positive change is the result of the bad geometry (large ULR) of the previous lighting system. Based on Monte Carlo radiative transfer calculations we provide a comparison of different indicators that can be used to qualify the remodelling, and to predict the possible changes in light pollution. - Highlights: • Changes of the skydome of a Hungarian city were measured after lighting remodelling. • The observations were compared with Monte Carlo radiation transfer calculations. • Photopic measurements demonstrate improvement in light pollution after remodelling. • However, blue rich lighting increases the risk of negative ecological effects.

CONSIDERAȚII TEORETICE ȘI PRACTICE PRIVIND INFRACȚIUNILE DE PRACTICARE ILEGALĂ A ACTIVITĂȚII DE ÎNTREPRINZĂTOR (art.241 DIN CODUL PENAL

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Vitalie STATI

2017-07-01

art.241 PC RM, has the same meaning as the concept of "entrepreneurial activity", applied in art.1 of the Law on entrepreneurship and enterprises. It is established the form and the contents of the prejudicial act specified in art.241 PC RM, according to the provisions of lett.a-d art.125 PC RM. It is argued that the qualification of the offence of illegal performance of entrepreneurial activity without a license under art.241 PC RM (in conjunction with lett.b art.125 PC RM, would mean nothing but the application by analogy of the penal law, which is prohibited by par.(2 art.3 PCRM.There are pointed out the features of the consummation phase of the offences referred to at art.241 PCRM.It is substantiated that the purpose of the offences set forth in art.241 PC RM is the purpose of ensuring a permanent source of income. There are established the cases within which the subject of the offences under art.241 PC RM has a special quality. Last but not least, there are clarified the delimitation criteria between the offences specified in art.241 PC RM and the offences under art.190, art.2411, art.244, art.2441 and other articles of the Penal Code.

LA PRUEBA DOCUMENTADA EN EL NUEVO SISTEMA DE JUSTICIA PENAL MEXICANO Documented proof in the new Mexican criminal justice system

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Benavente Chorres Hesbert

2010-01-01

Full Text Available El presente estudio analiza los supuestos de prueba documentada regulados en aquellos códigos de las entidades federativas mexicanas que han adecuado el proceso penal al sistema acusatorio con tendencia adversarial. En ese sentido, se entiende por prueba documentada aquellas diligencias, principalmente declaraciones, realizadas durante la etapa de investigación que la ley otorga valor probatorio al no poder asistir el órgano de prueba a la audiencia del juicio oral por razones ajenas a su voluntad.This study analyzes the cases of the documented proof in those codes regulated the Mexican states that have appropriate criminal proceedings prone to adversarial system. In that sense, it is understood by those measures documented evidence, primarily statements made during the investigation stage that the law gives the probative value could not attend the court hearing to test the trial for reasons beyond their control.

The rise and fall of supermax: how the US prison model and ultra-punitive penal policy travelled to Colombia

OpenAIRE

Julie de Dardel et Ola Söderström

2015-01-01

In the context of the US anti narcotic program ‘Plan Colombia’ during the first decade of the 21st century special agents of the US Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) took position in the heart of the Colombian penitentiary administration. Their task was to lead a profound reform of the sector based on the US ultra punitive penal regime and its ‘supermax’ housing units. Based on extensive fieldwork with prison architects inmates and other actors in the penal systems of the US and Colombia this p...

Propaganda Versus Genocide: The United States War Refugee Board and the Hungarian Holocaust

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Dorottya Halász

2012-01-01

Full Text Available In 1944 the Second World War had been raging for more than four long years, with the death toll among soldiers and civilians alike climbing. European Jews constituted a special group of the victims, a fact that leaders of the Allied powers failed to acknowledge. In January 1944 a major revision of previous government policy was brought about in the United States with the establishment of the War Refugee Board in Washington, promising an American commitment to the rescue of European war refugees, including Jews. In March of the same year the situation for Jewish inhabitants in Hungary turned dire as German forces occupied the country. For lack of any other instantly applicable way to influence Hungarian developments, leaders of the new American War Refugee Board decided to launch a propaganda campaign to fight the Nazis and their accomplices. This paper will examine the motivations of American policy makers in focusing on political propaganda measures during the first phase of the Hungarian Holocaust (March–July 1944, and it will describe the logic and workings of the campaign as a means to save Hungary’s Jewry in the last full year of the Second World War.

Features of financial and economic support of penal system in Ukraine

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Kravchuk G.V.

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Current economic and social problems in the country are displayed on all areas of functioning of the state. In particular, the absence of stable development of industrial sector and high level of shadowing cause a negative impact on revenues to state and local budgets. The penal system of Ukraine, according to the current legislation, is financed by the general and special funds of the State Budget of Ukraine; but taking into account the general trends of the limited cost of maintenance of this type of objects arises the question about optimization of the level of funding of the whole system. The formation of the required financing system institutions of the penal system is an urgent task today because the level of the financial costs of prisoners in the country is relatively very low and does not meet international standards. The world experience of financial support of institutions of punishment shows the feasibility of shifting costs to the state on the special funds that are generated due to the implementation of productive activities through the employment of prisoners themselves who produce competitive products with its further sale. That question of optimal sources of financing of the penitentiary system is solved in this article.

Survival associated pathway identification with group Lp penalized global AUC maximization

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Liu Zhenqiu

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract It has been demonstrated that genes in a cell do not act independently. They interact with one another to complete certain biological processes or to implement certain molecular functions. How to incorporate biological pathways or functional groups into the model and identify survival associated gene pathways is still a challenging problem. In this paper, we propose a novel iterative gradient based method for survival analysis with group Lp penalized global AUC summary maximization. Unlike LASSO, Lp (p 1. We first extend Lp for individual gene identification to group Lp penalty for pathway selection, and then develop a novel iterative gradient algorithm for penalized global AUC summary maximization (IGGAUCS. This method incorporates the genetic pathways into global AUC summary maximization and identifies survival associated pathways instead of individual genes. The tuning parameters are determined using 10-fold cross validation with training data only. The prediction performance is evaluated using test data. We apply the proposed method to survival outcome analysis with gene expression profile and identify multiple pathways simultaneously. Experimental results with simulation and gene expression data demonstrate that the proposed procedures can be used for identifying important biological pathways that are related to survival phenotype and for building a parsimonious model for predicting the survival times.

General Aspects Regarding the Crime of Human Trafficking

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Vasile Draghici

2016-01-01

Thus, according to article 210 of the Penal Code, the crime of human trafficking involves„recruiting, transportation, sheltering or receiving of a person with the purpose of exploiting.Forthe offense of human trafficking there may exist preparatory acts, but the law does not incriminatethese acts as crimes and does not punish them. The attempt is punished according to article 217 ofthe Penal Code, stating that the attempt to the offenses stipulated at articles 209- 211 and article213 paragraph 2 of the Penal Code shall be punished.

Gender patterns of socioeconomic differences in premature mortality: follow-up of the Hungarian Epidemiological Panel.

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Kopp, Mária S; Skrabski, Arpád; László, Krisztina D; Janszky, Imre

2011-03-01

Gender differences in premature mortality rates and in the size of socioeconomic inequalities in mortality vary across countries. We aimed to quantify the gender differences in the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and premature all-cause mortality and to analyse whether psychosocial factors might associate between SES and mortality among men and women separately in the middle-aged Hungarian population. Men (n = 1130) and women (n = 1529), aged 40-69 years, participants in the Hungarian Epidemiological Panel (2002) were followed up for 3.5 years for total mortality. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the association between several socioeconomic measures and total death. During the follow-up, 99 men (8.8%) and 53 women (3.5%) died. The age-adjusted hazard ratios and the Rothman's synergy indexes showed that each measure of socioeconomic position was more deleterious in men compared with women. When investigating potential explanatory factors for the SES-mortality association, we found that adjustment for severe depression resulted in the most pronounced reduction in the regression coefficients for the association between most socioeconomic factors and male premature death. There was no indication that depression would mediate between SES and mortality in women. Work stress factors, poor lifestyle and low social support also contributed to the explanation of the link between socioeconomic disadvantage and premature death in men. Middle-aged Hungarian men seem to be considerably more vulnerable to the chronic stress of material disadvantage than women. This effect modification by gender might partly be explained by a stronger connection between low SES and depressive symptoms in men.

Impact of the "Quality Food from Hungary" brand on the competitiveness of Hungarian food industry

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Katalin Végh

2011-06-01

Full Text Available It is a generally known fact that Hungarian products are at a disadvantage in Western markets, since a certain part of foreign customers have not yet heard of Hungarian products. Many of them believe that products made in Eastern Europe are cheap and of poor quality. How could they possibly know Hungarian products, if national food producers and traders can only invest a minimal amount to promote their products? Food producers in EU countries spend far much more to market their products than their fellows in Hungary. The Community strategy for agricultural marketing has been aimed at counterbalancing this tendency. In 1998, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural development launched the “Quality Food from Hungary” trademark with the aim of distinguishing top quality food products from other products. The role of the quality trademark is to inform and protect the customers. The trademark makes the customers aware of the fact that the concerned food product differs from other products, and it also protects the customer, since both the producer and the certifying authority assume the responsibility for the controlled top quality of the product. In order to obtain the “Quality Food from Hungary” trademark, the raw materials, ingredients, the manufacturing process and the final product shall exceed the criteria stipulated within the effective food regulations. The basic requirement for awarding the right to use the trademark is the quality of the product, but the quality of its packaging is also taken into consideration and shall not only reflect the quality from an aesthetic point of view, but it shall also facilitate storage, transportation and utilisation.

AucPR: an AUC-based approach using penalized regression for disease prediction with high-dimensional omics data.

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Yu, Wenbao; Park, Taesung

2014-01-01

It is common to get an optimal combination of markers for disease classification and prediction when multiple markers are available. Many approaches based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) have been proposed. Existing works based on AUC in a high-dimensional context depend mainly on a non-parametric, smooth approximation of AUC, with no work using a parametric AUC-based approach, for high-dimensional data. We propose an AUC-based approach using penalized regression (AucPR), which is a parametric method used for obtaining a linear combination for maximizing the AUC. To obtain the AUC maximizer in a high-dimensional context, we transform a classical parametric AUC maximizer, which is used in a low-dimensional context, into a regression framework and thus, apply the penalization regression approach directly. Two kinds of penalization, lasso and elastic net, are considered. The parametric approach can avoid some of the difficulties of a conventional non-parametric AUC-based approach, such as the lack of an appropriate concave objective function and a prudent choice of the smoothing parameter. We apply the proposed AucPR for gene selection and classification using four real microarray and synthetic data. Through numerical studies, AucPR is shown to perform better than the penalized logistic regression and the nonparametric AUC-based method, in the sense of AUC and sensitivity for a given specificity, particularly when there are many correlated genes. We propose a powerful parametric and easily-implementable linear classifier AucPR, for gene selection and disease prediction for high-dimensional data. AucPR is recommended for its good prediction performance. Beside gene expression microarray data, AucPR can be applied to other types of high-dimensional omics data, such as miRNA and protein data.

Hungarian national report on activities related to operator support systems for nuclear power plants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Adorjan, F.; Lux, I.; Vegh, J.; Vegh, E.

1996-01-01

Computerized operator support systems and related activities in Hungary are summarized. Systems developed in the past, presently developed and used as well as being in a planning phase are briefly described. Activity of the Hungarian participants in the framework of the co-ordinated project on operator support systems for nuclear power plant is summarized. (author). 55 refs

Fewer can be More: Nuclear Safety and Security Culture Self-Assessment in the Hungarian Public Ltd. for Radioactive Waste Management

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Horváth, K.; Solymosi, M.; Vass, G.

2016-01-01

The Hungarian regulator and operators show strong commitment towards robust nuclear safety and security culture. The paper discusses the evolution and the basis of the regulation of Hungarian safety and security culture. Because of security considerations nuclear safety incidents have always received and for sure will receive more publicity than malicious acts. That is probably the main reason behind that mostly nuclear safety incidents influence the common beliefs. This kind of primacy is noticeable as well in regulations and also in practice. Although there is a strong connection nuclear safety and security culture, their relationship has not been researched for a long time. The paper also presents an already achieved, combined nuclear safety and security culture survey type assessment. Survey is a well known type of organizational culture self assessment. The applied methods, relationship between these two cultures and of course some difficulties of the process are summarized. The presented method is appropriate to combine different guidance and characteristics to measure different attitude in a single survey. The method in practice is shown through the nuclear safety and security culture assessment conducted at Hungarian Public Ltd. Of Radioactive Waste Management. (author)

Arte y derecho penal: El caso Han Van Meegeren

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Ricardo Medina Moyano

1968-01-01

Full Text Available La temática que abarcan las palabras que sirven de título a estas notas, es ciertamente de inasible amplitud, ya por lo proteíco de la conducta humana, de quienes se colocan al margen de la ley, ora por la riqueza inconmensurable del fenómeno estético. Cabría, pues, en primer término, plantear como hipótesis de trabajo, los muy diversos enfoques desde los cuales sería dable la investigación de las relaciones entre el Arte y el Derecho Penal.

Banking union through Hungarian eyes–assessment of a possible close cooperation

OpenAIRE

Anikó Szombati

2017-01-01

Legislation laying down the first two pillars of the institutional system of the Banking Union was finalised in April 2014. In accordance with the regulations, non-euro area Member States, including Hungary, may notify the ECB at any time if they wish to participate in the common system even before the euro is adopted. The paper aims at summarising the possible pros and cons vis-à-vis the Banking Union from a Hungarian perspective. It highlights the reasons for not opting in at the inception ...

Undead Blond Hair in the Victorian Imagination: The Hungarian Roots of Bram Stoker’s "The Secret of the Growing Gold"

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Abigail Heiniger

2011-01-01

Full Text Available The Hungarian folktale “Woman with Hair of Gold” is a part of what Nina Auerbach calls feminine mythos in Woman and the Demon. It is a story about the murder and revenge of a “very strange but beautiful woman with golden hair as fine as spun gold.” This paper explores how Bram Stoker’s short story “The Secret of the Growing Gold” reworks this folktale, stripping away its uniquely feminine voice, to create a story expressing British Victorian racial anxieties. The message of Teutonic superiority, which Stoker links with Hungarian folklore, is this author’s most dangerous and nefarious fiction.

LA EXTRATERRITORIALIDAD DE LA LEY PENAL: EL PRINCIPIO DE JUSTICIA UNIVERSAL, SU APLICACIÓN EN COLOMBIA

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Henry Torres Vásquez

2013-01-01

Full Text Available En la actualidad en los crímenes considerados de Lesa humanidad, entre otros, se aplica el principio de jurisdicción o de justicia penal universal; de ese modo eventualmente, esta clase de delitos, pueden ser investigados y juzgados en aplicación del Estatuto de la Corte Penal Internacional, o bien en ejercicio de ese mismo principio pero ejercido por cualquier país. Estados como España, Reino Unido, Bélgica, etc., vienen aplicando la jurisdicción universal en mediáticos casos de ex militares argentinos o en el sonado caso de Augusto Pinochet. En este trabajo se hace un análisis de las infracciones que logran transgredir normas con - sideradas protectoras de bienes jurídicos universales. Nuestro objetivo principal radica en explicar este principio en aras de evitar la impunidad en delitos de naturaleza internacional. Por tal razón, se matiza en el Principio de Jurisdicción Universal aplicado en España, en esa perspectiva se analizan recientes crímenes de Lesa humanidad sucedidos en Colombia que se subsumen en la categoría de delitos que podrían ser llevados a la jurisdicción universal; en ese sentido, se estudian las características de la extraterritorialidad de la ley penal colombiana en el plano internacional.

Examination of influential observations in penalized spline regression

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Türkan, Semra

2013-10-01

In parametric or nonparametric regression models, the results of regression analysis are affected by some anomalous observations in the data set. Thus, detection of these observations is one of the major steps in regression analysis. These observations are precisely detected by well-known influence measures. Pena's statistic is one of them. In this study, Pena's approach is formulated for penalized spline regression in terms of ordinary residuals and leverages. The real data and artificial data are used to see illustrate the effectiveness of Pena's statistic as to Cook's distance on detecting influential observations. The results of the study clearly reveal that the proposed measure is superior to Cook's Distance to detect these observations in large data set.

Differentiation of penal policy in the light of positive paradigm and its confronting challenges

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Bagher Shamlou

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Positivism is an empirical approach for understanding of human communication and phenomena, which raised firstly French famous thinker “August Comte”. Human and social Sciences were under domination of positive thought for a long time. In criminal law inter alia Italian famous thinkers sought to analyses the crime problem with a positive approach. However, some of their point of view such as born criminal thesis was not respected by penal scientist, but was affected by their idea was assumed that experiment is the only scientific criterion and basis of criminal law. They thought that value judgments and normative sentences have not scientific character. The positivist approach, developed the abstract thought of classic criminal fundamentalism which was before this, the dominate approach of penal policy towards of objectivism at etiology of crime on the basis of separation of objectivism and subjectivism. But it faced with insufficiency in both methodology and efficiency, so that somebody talked about returning punity approach of classic fundamentalism

A Two-Stage Penalized Logistic Regression Approach to Case-Control Genome-Wide Association Studies

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Jingyuan Zhao

2012-01-01

Full Text Available We propose a two-stage penalized logistic regression approach to case-control genome-wide association studies. This approach consists of a screening stage and a selection stage. In the screening stage, main-effect and interaction-effect features are screened by using L1-penalized logistic like-lihoods. In the selection stage, the retained features are ranked by the logistic likelihood with the smoothly clipped absolute deviation (SCAD penalty (Fan and Li, 2001 and Jeffrey’s Prior penalty (Firth, 1993, a sequence of nested candidate models are formed, and the models are assessed by a family of extended Bayesian information criteria (J. Chen and Z. Chen, 2008. The proposed approach is applied to the analysis of the prostate cancer data of the Cancer Genetic Markers of Susceptibility (CGEMS project in the National Cancer Institute, USA. Simulation studies are carried out to compare the approach with the pair-wise multiple testing approach (Marchini et al. 2005 and the LASSO-patternsearch algorithm (Shi et al. 2007.

Evaluating penalized logistic regression models to predict Heat-Related Electric grid stress days

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bramer, L. M.; Rounds, J.; Burleyson, C. D.; Fortin, D.; Hathaway, J.; Rice, J.; Kraucunas, I.

2017-11-01

Understanding the conditions associated with stress on the electricity grid is important in the development of contingency plans for maintaining reliability during periods when the grid is stressed. In this paper, heat-related grid stress and the relationship with weather conditions is examined using data from the eastern United States. Penalized logistic regression models were developed and applied to predict stress on the electric grid using weather data. The inclusion of other weather variables, such as precipitation, in addition to temperature improved model performance. Several candidate models and datasets were examined. A penalized logistic regression model fit at the operation-zone level was found to provide predictive value and interpretability. Additionally, the importance of different weather variables observed at different time scales were examined. Maximum temperature and precipitation were identified as important across all zones while the importance of other weather variables was zone specific. The methods presented in this work are extensible to other regions and can be used to aid in planning and development of the electrical grid.

Selected English-Language Bibliography of Interest for Hungarian Cultural Studies: 2013-2014

OpenAIRE

Louise O. Vasvári

2015-01-01

As the above title indicates, because of the publication schedule of Hungarian Cultural Studies this bibliography straddles 2013-2014, covering the period since the publication in Fall of 2013 of last year’s bibliography in this journal. Each year’s bibliography is supplemented by earlier items that were only retrieved recently. Although this bibliography series can only concentrate on English-language items, occasional items of particular interest in other languages may be included.      ...

El Derecho Penal del enemigo en las reformas constitucionales/The criminal law of the enemy in the constitutional reforms

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Eduardo Martínez Bastida (México

2015-03-01

Full Text Available A lo largo de la historia se ha realizado un proceso sincrético criminalizador de conductas e individuos; la política criminal incorpora esta tecnología diferenciadora entre ciudadanos y enemigos que se materializa en el Derecho Penal del Enemigo. Este Derecho de emergencias irrumpe en nuestra vida jurídica, de manera manifiesta, mediante la reforma constitucional del 18 de junio de 2008 mostrando la crisis en que se encuentra actualmente el paradigma garantista y pasando por alto que el Derecho Penal del Enemigo se constituye en el riesgo para los Derechos Fundamentales del gobernado.

Regimén Jurídico de la Prescripción en el Código Penal español

OpenAIRE

Pastor Alcoy, Francisco José

2015-01-01

La presente tesis tiene como objeto el régimen jurídico de la prescripción en el código penal español para lo cual presenta la evolución legislativa de la misma en el ordenamiento jurídico desde el CP de 1822 hasta la LO 1/2015. Importantes cambios en la prescripción supuso el Código Penal de 1995 a los que se unieron nuevas interpretaciones jurisprudenciales y un diálogo entre el Tribunal Constitucional y el Tribunal Supremo y la doctrina científica que ha germinado en importantes cambio...

The next 20 years operation of the 36 years old Hungarian training reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aszodi, A.

2007-01-01

Hungary prepares for extending the design lifetime of the four VVER-440/213 type units; in that case they will finish operation between 2032 and 2037. Discussion on possible new nuclear units in Hungary was recently commenced. The paper describes actions in human resource management and knowledge management, and also the new safety analysis methods which were applied during the recent Periodic Safety Review of the Hungarian Training Reactor

Elastic SCAD as a novel penalization method for SVM classification tasks in high-dimensional data.

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Becker, Natalia; Toedt, Grischa; Lichter, Peter; Benner, Axel

2011-05-09

Classification and variable selection play an important role in knowledge discovery in high-dimensional data. Although Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms are among the most powerful classification and prediction methods with a wide range of scientific applications, the SVM does not include automatic feature selection and therefore a number of feature selection procedures have been developed. Regularisation approaches extend SVM to a feature selection method in a flexible way using penalty functions like LASSO, SCAD and Elastic Net.We propose a novel penalty function for SVM classification tasks, Elastic SCAD, a combination of SCAD and ridge penalties which overcomes the limitations of each penalty alone.Since SVM models are extremely sensitive to the choice of tuning parameters, we adopted an interval search algorithm, which in comparison to a fixed grid search finds rapidly and more precisely a global optimal solution. Feature selection methods with combined penalties (Elastic Net and Elastic SCAD SVMs) are more robust to a change of the model complexity than methods using single penalties. Our simulation study showed that Elastic SCAD SVM outperformed LASSO (L1) and SCAD SVMs. Moreover, Elastic SCAD SVM provided sparser classifiers in terms of median number of features selected than Elastic Net SVM and often better predicted than Elastic Net in terms of misclassification error.Finally, we applied the penalization methods described above on four publicly available breast cancer data sets. Elastic SCAD SVM was the only method providing robust classifiers in sparse and non-sparse situations. The proposed Elastic SCAD SVM algorithm provides the advantages of the SCAD penalty and at the same time avoids sparsity limitations for non-sparse data. We were first to demonstrate that the integration of the interval search algorithm and penalized SVM classification techniques provides fast solutions on the optimization of tuning parameters.The penalized SVM

Relationship between Training Programs being Offered in State and Federal Penal Institutions and the Unfilled Job Openings in the Major Occupations in the United States.

Science.gov (United States)

Torrence, John Thomas

Excluding military installations, training programs in state and federal penal institutions were surveyed, through a mailed checklist, to test the hypotheses that (1) training programs in penal institutions were not related to the unfilled job openings by major occupations in the United States, and (2) that training programs reported would have a…

Some characteristics of the Hungarian power systems long term expansion strategy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fazekas, A.

1995-01-01

The formulation of the power system expansion strategy meeting the targets of the Hungarian energy policy is justified by the ageing of the existing power plants, the technology change unavoidable because of the more and more rigorous environment protection regulations, the requirement of updating and by the compliance with the expectation of safe electric power supply. These requirements (fuel supply and diversification, economic considerations, operational and environmental considerations) call for the construction of new power plant units even if the demand for electric power would not show any further increase in future. 1 tab

Use of hand hygiene agents as a surrogate marker of compliance in Hungarian long-term care facilities: first nationwide survey.

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Szabó, Rita; Morvai, Júlia; Bellissimo-Rodrigues, Fernando; Pittet, Didier

2015-01-01

Hand hygiene practice is an important measure for preventing infections in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). However, low compliance with hand hygiene has been reported in a number of studies. The purpose of this study was to provide an overview of the first reference data collected on alcohol-based handrub (ABHR) and antiseptic soap consumption, as surrogate markers for hand hygiene compliance by healthcare workers (HCWs) in Hungarian LTCFs. The objective was to inform stakeholders on the need of hand hygiene improvement in these settings. Between 5 May and 30 September 2014, we conducted a nationwide, cross-sectional survey using a standardized self-administered questionnaire; all Hungarian LTCFs were eligible. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 was used for data analysis. The questionnaire was completed by 354 LTCFs, representing 24 % of all Hungarian LTCFs. In total, the median consumption of ABHR and antimicrobial soap was 15.5 L (IQR, 0-800 L) and 60 L (IQR, 0-1,680 L) per LTCFs, and 2.2 mL (IQR, 0.4-9.1 mL) and 12.1 mL (IQR, 0.7-32.8 mL) per HCWs in 2013, respectively. The estimated number of hand hygiene actions was 0.6 hygienic handrub/HCW per day (IQR, 0-12.8/HCWs) and 2.4 hygienic handwashing/HCW per day (IQR, 0-21.9/HCWs; P = .001), respectively. This study suggests that non-compliance with hand hygiene is a significant problem in Hungarian LTCFs. Based on our results, there is an urgent need for a nationwide multimodal hand hygiene promotion strategy including education and performance monitoring and feedback in all LTCFs. Furthermore, monitoring of ABHR consumption constitute an additional component of the existing National Nosocomial Surveillance system.

Agreement and Diagnostic Performance of FITNESSGRAM®, International Obesity Task Force, and Hungarian National BMI Standards

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Laurson, Kelly R.; Welk, Gregory J.; Marton, Orsolya; Kaj, Mónika; Csányi, Tamás

2015-01-01

Purpose: This study examined agreement between all 3 standards (as well as relative diagnostic associations with metabolic syndrome) using a representative sample of youth from the Hungarian National Youth Fitness Study. Method: Body mass index (BMI) was assessed in a field sample of 2,352 adolescents (ages 10-18.5 years) and metabolic syndrome…

Beware of the Dog! Private Linguistic Landscapes in Two "Hungarian" Villages in South-West Slovakia

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Laihonen, Petteri

2016-01-01

This study demonstrates how a single type of sign can be connected to language policy on a larger scale. Focusing on the relationship between language policy and language ideologies, I investigate the private Linguistic Landscape (LL) of Hungarians living in two villages in Slovakia. Through an examination of "beware of the dog" signs,…

Creating a “Vocabulary of Rupture” Following WWII Sexual Violence in Hungarian Women Writers’ Narratives

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Agatha Schwartz

2017-09-01

Full Text Available In this paper, Schwartz analyses three narratives by Hungarian women writers— Alaine Polcz’s Asszony a fronton (A Wartime Memoir, Judit Kováts’s Megtagadva [‘Denied’] and Fanni Gyarmati Miklósné Radnóti’s Napló [‘Diary’]—with regard to their representation of the rapes of Hungarian women by Red Army soldiers during WWII. Schwartz examines to what degree the rapes are positioned as a “rupture” in the first person narrators’ lives, and how the three narratives offer elements of a “vocabulary of rupture” (Butalia 2000 so as to work through traumatic memory and thus come to terms with both the short-term and long-term effects of trauma and social stigmatization. Even though the narratives eschew a black-and-white portrayal of the rapists, an orientalist stereotying is nonetheless present. Schwartz concludes with Avery Gordon that these and other rape narratives can be read as part of the process of settling the ghosts of a still unresolved past violence yet beyond simple ideological binaries along the victim-perpetrator line.

Researching the Spatial Aspects of the Romani-Hungarian coexistence by the Means of Mental Mapping

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Tünde Bogárdi

2016-12-01

Full Text Available In our study we shall analyse the spatial aspects of the Romani-Hungarian coexistence based on the field research results of the village seminar workshop organized by the Szent István University (Gödöllő. We present two different situations: one segregate analysis using Baks as an example, where we find a settlement considered as majority, and a Romani segregate; and provincial ghettoization using Átány as an example, where due to a previous site termination the Romani people dispersed over the whole village area. We conducted surveys in both settlements in order to find out the local residents’ opinion on the development of the value of the inhabited area. Our goal on the one hand is to present the method of ethnicity analysis by mental mapping in rural areas, and on the other in addition to offering methodological practices is to point out a few important takeaways of the spatiality of the Romani-Hungarian coexistence based on our actual experiences.

Hungarian Population Discourses in the Twentieth Century: The Problem of Declining Birth Rates

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Ildikó Szántó

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Falling birth rates had already been recorded as early as the late-eighteenth century in south-western Hungary in the Ormánság. Population loss from low birth rate remained one of the main topics writers and sociologists focused on in the twentieth century. The issue of Hungarian population decline was highlighted among the social ills in the interwar period, which was one of several subjects that divided intellectuals into ‘populists’ and ‘urbanites’. Following the impact of the low birth rate figures in the 1960s, the populists’ views of the 1930s resurfaced in public discourse in the 1960s and 1970s and up to the present day. The concern about the increasing trend of single-child families in rural settlements as well as in urban areas appeared in the various works of Hungarian writers and journalists throughout the previous century. The present paper intends to focus on the intellectual background to the public debates on the population issue, outlining the accounts of the interwar ‘village explorers’ briefly, and the way they are related to the pre-Second World War populist movement. Finally the reappearance of the debates between populists and non-populists of the 1970s is discussed, a debate that is still continuing.

[Work schedules in the Hungarian health care system and the sleep quality of nurses].

Science.gov (United States)

Fusz, Katalin; Pakai, Annamária; Kívés, Zsuzsanna; Szunomár, Szilvia; Regős, Annamária; Oláh, András

2016-03-06

One way of ensuring the continuity of health care is the shift work, which is burdensome and it can lead to sleep disturbances. The aim of the study was to measure the typical Hungarian nursing shift systems in hospitals, to analyse the causes of irregular work schedules, and to compare the sleep quality of nurses in different work schedules. 236 head nurses filled out the national online survey, and 217 nurses in clinics of the University of Pécs filled the Hungarian version of Bergen Shift Work Sleep Questionnaire. The head nurses provided data of 8697 nurses's schedules. 51.89% of nurses work in flexible shift system. 1944 employees work in regular shift system, most of them in the following order: 12-hour day shift and 12-hour night shift, followed by a one- or two-day rest. Where there is no system of shifts, the most frequent causes are the needs of nurses and the nurse shortage. Nurses who are working in irregular shift system had worse sleep quality than nurses who are working in flexible and regular shift system (p = 0.044). It would be helpful if the least burdensome shift system could be established.

Cynical References to Political Correctness in Hungarian Media in the 2000s

OpenAIRE

Erzsébet Barát

2011-01-01

In this paper I analyze the strategy in Hungarian public discourse for discrediting feminism in the media in the early 2000s. The strategy consists in the systematic conflation of feminism with the demand for “politically correct” language. My analysis will show that the motivation for the conflation occurs, on the one hand, in the name of tolerance or, on the other, to the determent of feminism. These apparently very different discourses, however, overlap and are effects of the same strategy...

EVOLUCIÓN CRIMINOLÓGICA, PENAL Y PENITENCIARIA EN CATALUÑA DESDE LA REFORMA DEL CÓDIGO PENAL DE 1995. ESTUDIO ESTADÍSTICO-DESCRIPTIVO.

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Josep García-Borés Espí

2015-10-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo surge como resultado de la recopilación de datos llevada a cabo por el equipo investigador del Observatorio del Sistema Penal y los Derechos Humanos de la Universidad de Barcelona (OSPDH, en el marco de la investigación: “¿Resocialización o incapacitación?: Sostenibilidad del Sistema Penitenciario español ante las nuevas realidades delictivas y demandas de seguridad”[1]. A lo largo del proceso de recogida de información el equipo investigador del OSPDH, fue constatando la existencia de evidencias estadísticas que ponían de manifiesto la evolución y los cambios experimentados en el sistema penitenciario catalán durante los últimos veinte años, identificándose una estrecha relación entre los mismos y los diversos periodos político-económicos vividos en el conjunto del Estado español desde la reforma del Código Penal de1995 hasta la actualidad[2]. [1] El presente trabajo se ha realizado en el marco del Proyecto de Investigación  I+D+i: "¿RESOCIALIZACIÓN O INCAPACITACIÓN? SOSTENIBILIDAD DEL SISTEMA PENITENCIARIO ESPAÑOL ANTE LAS NUEVAS REALIDADES DELICTIVAS Y DEMANDAS DE SEGURIDAD, con referencia DER2011-27337, del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad.   [2] Periodos que son desarrollados en este mismo Monográfico en el artículo de Brandariz (2015, titulado: La evolución del sistema penitenciario español, 1995-2014: transformaciones de la penalidad y modificación práctica de la realidad penitenciaria.

Propostas de Redução da Maioridade Penal: a Juventude Brasileira no Fio da Navalha?

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Mariana Barreto Vavassori

Full Text Available Resumo Este trabalho propõe uma reflexão teórica sobre o fenômeno da judicialização da vida, mais especificamente aquele que incide sobre os “adolescentes em conflito com a lei”, a partir das contribuições de Foucault e Derrida. O objetivo é dar visibilidade a alguns dos regimes de verdade sobre “adolescentes em conflito com a lei”, que emergem das/nas propostas de emendas constitucionais (PECs sobre rebaixamento da idade penal, e seus efeitos de subjetivação. Utilizamos como operador metodológico o conceito de problematização proposto por Foucault e sugerimos uma inversão da compreensão dominante sobre a judicialização, entendendo esta como efeito do conflito e não como solução. Observamos que, seguindo a lógica penal, os legisladores procuram um indivíduo consciente, autônomo, pleno de suas capacidades mentais e responsável por seus atos. Entende-se que a judicialização responde a demandas sociais, formalizando conflitos a partir da perspectiva penal, produzindo, assim, dois modos possíveis de configuração de sujeito: o de agressor ou de vítima, tendo como um de seus efeitos a polarização da opinião pública e, também, dos modos de estes adolescentes serem e estarem no mundo.

Una historia del delito político. Sedición, traición y rebelión en la justicia penal neogranadina (1832-1842

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Gilberto Enrique Parada García

2012-07-01

Full Text Available El artículo presenta una investigación contextualizada historiográficamente en la historia social del derecho, cuyo tema de análisis es un tipo de enfrentamiento que se originó a partir del funcionamiento de la justicia penal neogranadina. Concretamente, analiza las resistencias que surgieron en la sociedad neogranadina durante la década de 1830, a partir de la puesta en marcha de leyes penales codificadas para contener delitos políticos. La perspectiva teórica apunta a que el Estado, específicamente representado por los gobiernos de esa década, asume la ley penal como herramienta del control político; esta maniobra genera tensiones que se manifiestan en opiniones jurídicas divergentes. A través de las fuentes estudiadas: leyes, decretos, expedientes, prensa, líbelos, hojas sueltas y panfletos, se evidencia un nuevo campo de batalla de la justicia penal, en el cual se señala un escenario extrajurídico en el que se disuelven litigios, en el marco de las crisis políticas generadas por la sedición y la guerra.

ANÁLISIS DOGMÁTICO DEL DERECHO PENAL AMBIENTAL CHILENO, A LA LUZ DEL DERECHO COMPARADO Y LAS OBLIGACIONES CONTRAÍDAS POR CHILE EN EL ÁMBITO DEL DERECHO INTERNACIONAL: CONCLUSIONES Y PROPUESTA LEGISLATIVA FUNDADA PARA UNA NUEVA PROTECCIÓN PENAL DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE EN CHILE

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Jean Pierre Matus Acuña

2003-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo corresponde al Informe Final del Proyecto FONDECYT 1010206­2001, sobre tratamiento penal de los delitos contra el medio ambiente en Chile. Sus conclusiones se exponen en siete partes: la primera aborda la cuestión de la necesidad de un derecho penal protector del medio ambiente, ante los riesgos a que se encuentra sometido en las sociedades contemporáneas; la segunda, la necesidad de su regulación desde el punto de vista del Derecho Internacional y las obligaciones contraídas en la materia; la tercera, una descripción sucinta de los modelos de regulación de la protección penal del medio ambiente en el derecho comparado; la cuarta, una explicación acerca de las normas de derecho penal ambiental vigentes en Chile; la quinta, el por qué de la insuficiencia legislativa penal para la protección del medio ambiente, a la luz de las obligaciones internacionales contraídas en la materia, el estado del derecho comparado y la necesidad de evitar la burla del Sistema de Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental; la sexta, una reseña y crítica científica de los proyectos de ley en materia penal ambiental presentados al Congreso Nacional; y la séptima, las ideas matrices de las soluciones de lege ferenda que se ofrecen a los problemas de las insuficiencias del Derecho nacional en la materia y el texto de la propuesta de Proyecto de Ley elaborado, producto final de nuestras investigaciones.This article argues in favor of an environmental criminal law to respond both to the risks pervasive in contemporary societies and to the requirements of international law and Chile's international obligations in this area. A succint description of environmental crime in comparative law is provided, together with an elaboration of the sparse environmental crimes currently in the books in Chile. Reasons for this legislative deficit are explored in light of international obligations, comparative law, and the need to close loopholes in the

Four-handed Chirping of Birds or, The Adventure of two Hungarian Translators with Flann O’Brien’s Book-web

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Erika Mihálycsa

2013-03-01

Full Text Available The essay articulates the specific translation problems encountered in translating Flann O’Brien’s ludic novel At Swim-Two-Birds (1939 into Hungarian in a framework of translation studies, also drawing on research on Joyce in translation. It tackles issues such as the necessity to invent literary styles for the book’s embedded style parodies, especially where the ‘originals’ are unknown in the TL culture; and the choice of idiom/ minor language(s (Hiberno-English, as well as the Finn/Sweeny translatorese, for which a form of the TL that could function as a translated idiom had to be invented. As a possibility, harnessing Transylvanian Hungarian is explored – somewhat similarly to A. Oţoiu’s Romanian version of ASTB (2005, which also resorts to Transylvanian Romanian accents for rendering the same idiolects. Further points of interest are the issue of Gaelic red herrings and direct translations from the Gaelic; the possibilities of foreignizing language use, especially in the frame of Latinate pedantry; the strategies for rendering the (misquotes, literary references, Joycean allusions; and, last but far from least, the translators’ adventures with Flann O’Brien’s vicious puns. The essay also explores the four-handed translation process, resulting in a dialogic, and multilayered, Hungarian text that attempts to speak in as many styles and voices as the original.

Algumas marcas inquisitoriais do Código de Processo Penal brasileiro e a resistência às reformas

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Nereu José Giacomolli

2015-03-01

Full Text Available O perfil inquisitorial do modelo processual penal brasileiro encontra ambientação ideológica na década de quarenta, a qual reflete, por sua vez, a ideologia europeia da década de 1930. O CPP foi gestado em plena ditadura do Estado Novo, com forte influência do Código Rocco italiano, de inspiração fascista. As marcas deste perfil criaram raízes na legislação ordinária, na doutrina, na jurisprudência, no ensino jurídico e na política criminal. Entre as marcas desta raiz inquisitorial estão a possibilidade de o magistrado agir de ofício, assumindo funções da acusação, podendo requisitar a investigação, reconhecer agravantes sem que estivessem descritas ou tivessem sido postuladas, podendo condenar, mesmo que o Estado-acusação tenha pedido a absolvição. Nas reformas parciais do CPP persistiram perspectivas incompatíveis com o modelo constitucional e convencional do processo penal. O artigo faz uma ambientação histórica, cultural e política da década de quarenta e mostra as marcas do perfil inquisitorial do proces- so penal brasileiro e as resistências às reformas.

La reacción penal del Estado frente al terrorismo transnacional = Criminal law and the State’s reaction to international terrorism

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Mizrahi, Esteban

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El punto de partida de este artículo es la hipótesis de que la transformación contemporánea del papel del Estado en Occidente ha generado una reacción significativa en el derecho penal y esto condujo a una reformulación sustancial de teorías de la pena para explicar la aparición de nuevos delitos. El trabajo está articulado de la siguiente manera: En primer lugar se analiza la relación moderna entre seguridad ciudadana, Estado y pena para mostrar cómo la crisis contemporánea de la soberanía estatal expresa la necesidad de un nuevo marco teórico para explicar la relación entre estos términos (I. En segundo lugar se presenta el modelo desarrollado por Niklas Luhmann para esclarecer el papel del derecho en las sociedades complejas y los desarrollos penales específicos propuestos por Günther Jakobs desde un enfoque funcionalista (II. En tercer lugar se discute el tratamiento del terrorismo transnacional como un fenómeno que permite evaluar tanto los presupuestos como los límites del derecho penal en los actuales estados democráticos de derecho (III. Por último, a modo de conclusión, se ofrecen algunas respuestas tentativas a la cuestión de los límites y presupuestos de la reacción penal del Estado (IV

Simulation of impulsively started flow past a sphere and a disc using iterative brinkman penalization

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Spietz, Henrik Juul; Hejlesen, Mads Mølholm; Walther, Jens Honore

We present an iterative Brinkman penalization scheme to enforce the no-slip condition onsolid boundaries in three-dimensional ow simulations. We use a high-order particle-meshvortex method, where the velocity field is obtained from the vorticity field by solving a Poisson equation on a Cartesian...

A magyar lóversenyek világa az Osztrák–Magyar Monarchiában - Horse Races in the Austro–Hungarian Empire

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KÓSA, Maja

2014-09-01

Full Text Available As the well-known proverb reads: Hungarians are born to ride horses. Our centuries-old equestrian culture had many different stages, but the time of the Austro-Hungarian Empire was a decisive epoch when the Hungarian horse breeding could prosper. In this article I discuss this era through the efforts of Count István Széchenyi and Baron Mikós Wesselényi for horse breeding. With a detailed description of the horse races I intend to highlight the versatility of this era. People of different status could reach a consensus during the turf which became an important scene of politics, economy and community life. It was the world of wealthy stable owners where the most prominent beasts of the internationally renowned horse breeding competed, where the members of the petite bourgeoisie found amusement in their bets; it meant self-denial for jockeys and fashion for ladies. Horse races simultaneously dissolved and deepened social contradictions while they involved many political and economic opportunities.

Modelo Operativo de gestión de redes sociales para el sistema penal adolescente, Chile

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Claudio Andradre-Gyllen

2016-03-01

Full Text Available En el artículo analizamos los principales resultados del diseño, implementación y evaluación de un modelo operativo de gestión de redes sociales, utilizando la metodología de investigación acción participante (IAP en programas del sistema de responsabilidad penal adolescente, en la Región de Los Ríos, Chile. Los resultados evidencian cambios favorables en la gestión y en la estructura de la red de actores de los programas participantes. El modelo operativo de gestión de redes sociales nos permitió superar las actuales restricciones de articulación del sistema de responsabilidad penal adolescente, dando énfasis a la capacidad de los actores del sistema para desarrollar nuevas formas de coordinación territorial que favorezcan la integración social de los individuos jóvenes infractores de ley.

Modelo Operativo de gestión de redes sociales para el sistema penal adolescente, Chile

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Claudio Andradre-Gyllen

2016-01-01

Full Text Available En el artículo analizamos los principales resultados del diseño, implementación y evaluación de un modelo operativo de gestión de redes sociales, utilizando la metodología de investigación acción participante (IAP en programas del sistema de responsabilidad penal adolescente, en la Región de Los Ríos, Chile. Los resultados evidencian cambios favorables en la gestión y en la estructura de la red de actores de los programas participantes. El modelo operativo de gestión de redes sociales nos permitió superar las actuales restricciones de articulación del sistema de responsabilidad penal adolescente, dando énfasis a la capacidad de los actores del sistema para desarrollar nuevas formas de coordinación territorial que favorezcan la integración social de los individuos jóvenes infractores de ley.

Muscle dysmorphia in Hungarian non-competitive male bodybuilders.

Science.gov (United States)

Babusa, B; Túry, F

2012-03-01

Muscle dysmorphia (MD) has been described as a male body image disorder, characterized by a pathological preoccupation with muscle size. The aim of the study was to examine the MD features, eating disorder characteristics and body attitudes in non-competitive male bodybuilders in a Hungarian sample. Sixty male bodybuilders and 60 undergraduate university students completed the self-report questionnaires of the Muscle Appearance Satisfaction Scale, the Body Attitude Test and the Eating Disorders Inventory. MD was associated with current bodybuilding activity, higher ideal body weight and eating disorder characteristics. Moreover, current selfreported steroid users displayed higher tendency for MD symptoms than self-reported steroid non-users. Results emphasize the relationship between MD symptoms, eating disorder characteristics and steroid use. MD and body image related concerns among men could be a wide-spread phenomena also in the Central-Eastern European region.

Manipulación genética «sensu lato» y Derecho penal: Reflexiones sobre algunos presupuestos dogmáticos

OpenAIRE

Peña Guillén, Sandra Catalina

2009-01-01

Esta tesis parte de los avances científicos y tecnológicos que proceden del desarrollo de ciencias como la Genética y la Biotecnología, y de las consideraciones que realiza la Bioética, con el fin de analizar la intervención del Derecho penal en estos temas. El estudio se sustenta en los delitos relativos a la manipulación genética tipificados en el Código penal de España de 1995, (la legislación de la autora -ecuatoriana- no tipifica estos delitos). Dentro de este trabajo se considera el con...

49 CFR 26.47 - Can recipients be penalized for failing to meet overall goals?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... Goals, Good Faith Efforts, and Counting § 26.47 Can recipients be penalized for failing to meet overall... administer your program in good faith. (b) If you do not have an approved DBE program or overall goal, or if you fail to implement your program in good faith, you are in noncompliance with this part. ...

Kandó-Melocco, Ferenc. 2015. An Anti-Nazi at Hitler's Table: Political Memoirs of a Hungarian Nobleman Who Dared to Oppose Both Hitler and the Communists. (trans. and ed. Esther Kando Odescalchi. North Charleston, SC: CreateSpace. 162 pp., Illus.; Odescalchi, Esther Kando. 2016. My Escape: Memoirs of a Hungarian Teenage Freedom Fighter. North Charleston, SC: CreateSpace. Illus. 148 pp.

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Ruth G. Biro

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Kandó-Melocco, Ferenc. 2015. An Anti-Nazi at Hitler's Table: Political Memoirs of a Hungarian Nobleman Who Dared to Oppose Both Hitler and the Communists. (trans. and ed. Esther Kando Odescalchi. North Charleston, SC: CreateSpace. 162 pp., Illus.; Odescalchi, Esther Kando. 2016. My Escape: Memoirs of a Hungarian Teenage Freedom Fighter. North Charleston, SC: CreateSpace. Illus. 148 pp.

The penal aspect of the essence of the legal institute

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Олег Миколайович Кревсун

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Law, like any social phenomenon, can be the object of cognition only if legal norms that is its components, will come into connection with other legal norms, not only to form separate elements of the law. Without a comprehensive study of the interaction between legal norms, their role in the regulation of social relations will be impossible to develop effective legal measures of influence on various spheres of public life. Unfortunately, proper attention to this issue in Ukraine is not given. Examined, in fact, a certain set of interconnected rules of law, but each of them, representing this population, is investigated separately, without necessary connection with other laws. However, as presented in the legal literature, the research results confirmed the existence in law of such legal norms, which are involved in the regulation of certain social relations, being in its totality as an integrated whole. Such laws called legal institutions. Legal institutions, subinstitutes and interdisciplinary subinstitutes of penal law, both from the point of view of legal terminology and from the point of view of defining the content, in domestic science remains thoroughly unexplored and only mentioned in some scientific works of foreign authors. The term “legal institution” is used by scholars more as a term authoritative sound. In this article, we first provide a definition of the legal Institute, subinstitute and cross-subinstitute of penal law, interpret the normative contents of the allocated inherent characteristics, focusing on the absence in domestic science studies on this issue.

LIMITATIONS OF EU COMPETITION LAW AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON RECIDIVISM AND DETERRENCE: ANALYSIS OF THE CONVENIENCE OF A PENAL APPROACH TO CARTELS

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Amaya ANGULO GARZARO

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Competition law seeks to foster competition and innovation through the sanctioning of antitrust behavior, and it especially seeks to discourage the creation of hardcore cartels. To that effect, the European Union imposes administrative sanctions to cartels, whereas the United States use their penal system against them. This paper will analyze the advantages and limitations of each option, and will determine whether it would be more effective for the European Union to also use its penal system against cartels.

Un gigante con pies de barro : breve introducción a los modelos tradicionales de criminalización en derecho penal

OpenAIRE

Gómez Bellvís, Ana Belén

2017-01-01

Con la entrada en vigor del nuevo Código Penal reformado por la LO 1/2015, de 30 de marzo, gran cantidad de artículos se han visto modificados, añadiendo nuevas formas delictivas, incrementando considerablemente las penas o introduciendo otros tipos ex novo. Tal y como explica la Exposición de Motivos: «la conciencia de que el transcurso del tiempo y las nuevas demandas sociales evidencian la necesidad de llevar a cabo determinadas modificaciones de nuestra norma penal». Esta última reforma e...

Mediación interdisciplinaria en derecho de familia y derecho penal: dos caras de una misma moneda

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Nilda Susana Gorvein

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Contenido: De los autores de este trabajo. Objetivos del trabajo. El moderno derecho de familia: democratización de las relaciones familiares. Nuevos paradigmas en derecho defamilia: nuevas formas de intervención y modelos de abordaje de los conflictos que atraviesa la familia. ¿Dónde la aplicaríamos.Ley 24.316 que instala la probation. Mediación penal: una alternativa a la violencia. Objetivos. Críticas al sistema actual.  Ser eco del derecho comparado y las normas internacionales. Cuestiones para ir reflexionando. Mediación final.  Propuestas de mediación penal. Lugares posibles de aplicación. Reflexiones comunes a nuestra investigación

Construcción histórica del tratamiento jurídico del adolescente infractor de la ley penal colombiana (1837-2010

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Guiselle N. Holguín Galvis

2010-06-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este artículo es presentar un recuento histórico del tratamiento jurídico que se le otorgaba al adolescente que infringía la ley penal colombiana, desde el siglo XIX hasta la actualidad, describir el procedimiento y las medidas de corrección que se les aplicaban, así como el surgimiento de los primeros establecimientos de corrección para su tratamiento. En Colombia, en el siglo XIX, cuando los adolescentes infringían la ley penal, no se preveía un tratamiento jurídico ni sancionatorio diferente al que se les otorgaba a los adultos, no se atendía a sus condiciones especiales de desarrollo físico y síquico, era como si la categoría "niño", como sujeto, no existiera. En 1920 se crea una jurisdicción especializada para los adolescentes infractores de la ley penal; a pesar de que se les otorga un tratamiento diferente, son vistos como objetos de protección y no como sujetos de derecho. Finalmente, a partir de la Convención de los Derechos del Niño, ratificada por Colombia por medio de la Ley 12 de 1991, se habla de un sujeto de derecho. Sin embargo, aún se evidencian sistemas de pensamiento que persisten en una visión del sujeto adolescente como objeto de protección y en un tratamiento fundamentado en la disciplina, acompañado de serias violaciones a los derechos fundamentales de los adolescentes infractores de la ley penal. Por medio de esta investigación se mostrará el surgimiento y avance histórico del tratamiento social, legislativo, procedimental y correccional de los adolescentes infractores de la ley penal, y se buscará sacar a la luz sistemas de pensamiento institucionalizados en torno al tratamiento del adolescente, que han persistido a lo largo de la historia y que se consideraban superados.

Possible pressurized thermal shock events during large primary to secondary leakage. The Hungarian AGNES project and PRISE accident scenarios in VVER-440/V213 type reactor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Perneczky, L. [KFKI Atomic Energy Research Inst., Budabest (Hungary)

1997-12-31

Nuclear power plants of WWER-440/213-type have several special features. Consequently, the transient behaviour of such a reactor system should be different from the behaviour of the PWRs of western design. The opening of the steam generator (SG) collector cover, as a specific primary to secondary circuit leakage (PRISE) occurring in WWER-type reactors happened first time in Rovno NPP Unit I on January 22, 1982. Similar accident was studied in the framework of IAEA project RER/9/004 in 1987-88 using the RELAP4/mod6 code. The Hungarian AGNES (Advanced General and New Evaluation of Safety) project was performed in the period 1991-94 with the aim to reassess the safety of the Paks NPP using state-of-the-art techniques. The project comprised three type of analyses for the primary to secondary circuit leakages: Design Basis Accident (DBA) analyses, Pressurized Thermal Shock (PTS) study and deterministic analyses for Probabilistic Safety Analysis (PSA). Major part of the thermohydraulic analyses has been performed by the RELAP5/mod2.5/V251 code version with two input models. 32 refs.

Possible pressurized thermal shock events during large primary to secondary leakage. The Hungarian AGNES project and PRISE accident scenarios in VVER-440/V213 type reactor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Perneczky, L [KFKI Atomic Energy Research Inst., Budabest (Hungary)

1998-12-31

Nuclear power plants of WWER-440/213-type have several special features. Consequently, the transient behaviour of such a reactor system should be different from the behaviour of the PWRs of western design. The opening of the steam generator (SG) collector cover, as a specific primary to secondary circuit leakage (PRISE) occurring in WWER-type reactors happened first time in Rovno NPP Unit I on January 22, 1982. Similar accident was studied in the framework of IAEA project RER/9/004 in 1987-88 using the RELAP4/mod6 code. The Hungarian AGNES (Advanced General and New Evaluation of Safety) project was performed in the period 1991-94 with the aim to reassess the safety of the Paks NPP using state-of-the-art techniques. The project comprised three type of analyses for the primary to secondary circuit leakages: Design Basis Accident (DBA) analyses, Pressurized Thermal Shock (PTS) study and deterministic analyses for Probabilistic Safety Analysis (PSA). Major part of the thermohydraulic analyses has been performed by the RELAP5/mod2.5/V251 code version with two input models. 32 refs.

A Comparative Study of Learning Strategies Used by Romanian and Hungarian Preuniversity Students in Science Learning

Science.gov (United States)

Lingvay, Mónika; Timofte, Roxana S.; Ciascai, Liliana; Predescu, Constantin

2015-01-01

Development of pupils' deep learning approach is an important goal of education nowadays, considering that a deep learning approach is mediating conceptual understanding and transfer. Different performance at PISA tests of Romanian and Hungarian pupils cause us to commence a study for the analysis of learning approaches employed by these pupils.…

Radioactivity of fish in the Hungarian reach of the river Danube

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kurtacs, E.

1982-01-01

In connection with the Hungarian nuclear power program a series of measurements was initiated to detect radionuclides in fishes of Danube river at two sampling points near the station region. The beta activity of samples was counted with anticoincidence shielded low background Tesla NZ-602 type apparatus. The radioactivity of samples was measured after simple physical or radiochemical preparation. The results show no significant difference according either to sampling sites of seasons. Activity concentrations of 90 Sr and 137 Cs of natural or global fallout origin are low and hardly differ from values obtained earlier by other researchers. (author)

¿El derecho penal puede y debe transformar radicalmente sus contenidos de protección?

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Luis Felipe Henao-Cardona

2010-03-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo realiza un estudio de la orientación dogmática denominada "funcionalista" o "teleológica", análisis que se preocupa de abordar los postulados teóricos de Luhmann, autor que estudia la complejidad y fragmentación en múltiples subsistemas de la sociedad posmoderna, definiendo la función social del derecho y explicando por qué el mismo es necesario para estabilizar el orden social dado, estudio introductorio de vital importancia  para poder abordar la teoría de Günther Jakobs y su sistema funcional normativista, analizando l.as consecuencias prácticas de los presupuestos metodológicos de este importante autor, el cual construye su teoría a través de una normativación radical o absoluta de la función del derecho penal, rechazando cualquier construcción ontológica que limite el referido criterio funcional. Posteriormente se pretende analizar el funcionamiento moderado de Glaus Roxin  y  Shüneman,  propugnando  por  una  racionalización  de la intervención  penal, recurriendo para el efecto a criterios  axiológicos y funcionales que orienten el sistema del derecho penal a finalidades político-criminales,  con  atención  a  la  institución  dogmática  del bien jurídico y su importancia como criterio de lege ferenda y lege lata para incriminar   o  discriminar  una   determinada  conducta.

Behind the Exporters’ Success: Analysis of Successful Hungarian Exporter Companies From a Strategic Perspective

OpenAIRE

Annamaria Kazai Onodi; Krisztina Pecze

2014-01-01

The purpose of the study is to provide an overview of export success from a strategic management perspective. The paper empirically tested the relationships between the firm’s export performance, strategic thinking, adaptation to the changing environment and companies’ capabilities. The research is based on the Hungarian Competitiveness Research database of 2013 that consists of 300 firms. Cluster analysis differentiated successful export-oriented and stagnant companies. Both of them had high...

Wave theory analysis of the Hungarian vehi-cle fleet especially focusing on emission categories

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Gabor SZENDRO

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Toyotarity means the improvement of quality, decrease of production costs and production time, increase of safety and morale. With the help of tools of toyotarity strategic factors can be determined, production or service problems can be revealed. In this paper tools of toyotarity are obtained to analyse the driving factors of Hungarian vehicle fleet and car renewal. Product analysis was conducted on the basis of wavetheory.

From the Bright Future of the Nation to the Dark Future of Mankind: Jókai and Karinthy in Hungarian Utopian Tradition

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Zsolt Czigányik

2016-01-01

Full Text Available After defining utopianism Czigányik gives a brief introduction to Hungarian utopian literature. While he discusses Tariménes utazása [‘The Voyage of Tariménes’], written by György Bessenyei in 1804, the utopian scenes of Imre Madách’s Az ember tragédiája [‘The Tragedy of Man’, 1862] and Frigyes Karinthy’s short utopian piece, Utazás Faremidoba [‘Voyage to Faremido’, 1916], the bulk of the paper deals with Mór Jókai’s monumental novel, A jövő század regénye, [‘The Novel of the Century to Come’, 1872]. Jókai, who had taken an active part in the 1848 uprising, depicts in this novel a future world of an imaginary twentieth century, where Hungary has primacy within the Habsburg empire (with the emperor king being Árpád Habsburg and the invention of the airplane (by a Hungarian brings lasting peace, stability and prosperity to the world. Besides introducing the Hungarian utopian tradition, the paper will reflect upon the role of individuals in imagined societies and how an agency-centered narrative overwrites the essentially structuralist view of history, that usually permeates utopias.

La responsabilidad en el derecho penal internacional: una aproximación desde la filosofía de John Searle. Reflexiones a partir del caso Lubanga

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Rodrigo A. González Fernández

2013-06-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo examinamos el tópico de la responsabilidad en el derecho penal internacional a la luz de la filosofía de John Searle, y del fallo dictado por la Corte Penal Internacional en el caso de Thomas Lubanga. En el primer acápite analizamos la declaración de responsabilidad penal en función de la teoría de actos de habla de Austin y de Searle, tratándola como un acto ilocucionario cuyo significado es dependiente de un marco institucional específico. Luego, en el segundo acápite, mostramos de qué forma tal marco puede reconstruirse como un ejemplo paradigmático de la realidad social construida descrita por Searle, especialmente en virtud del nexo entre mente, lenguaje y sociedad. A nuestro juicio, los conceptos de intencionalidad colectiva, atribución de funciones de estatus y poderes deónticos son fundamentales para entender tal nexo. En efecto, tal como argumentamos en la tercera sección, los sistemas de poderes deónticos asociados al derecho internacional no solo explican la aparición de Tribunales penales internacionales, como la Corte Penal Internacional, sino además el carácter imprescriptible de los crímenes de lesa humanidad. Los acuerdos internacionales que promueven y protegen los derechos humanos, y que tratan la imprescriptibilidad de aquellos crímenes, son objeto de análisis en la sección final, en donde exponemos algunas reflexiones finales a partir del caso Lubanga.

The voice of the Martians Hungarian scientists who shaped the 20th century in the West

CERN Document Server

Marx, George

2001-01-01

Budapest, in the period of the two decades around World War I, proved to be an exceptionally fertile breeding ground for scientific talent. It is left for historians of science to discover and explain the conditions that catalyzed the emergence of so many brilliant individuals" - Stanislav Ulam has written, himself a member of the Manhattan Project to make the atomic bomb. Fritz Houtermans, who first recognized the nuclear origin of stellar power, has offered an "explanation": "The galaxy of scientific minds, that worked on the liberation of nuclear power, were really visitors from Mars. They found it difficult to speak English without an alien accent, which would give them away, and therefore they chose to pretend to be Hungarian, whose inability to speak any language but Hungarian without a foreign accent is well known. It would be hard to check the above statement, because Hungary is so far away" In the 1990s the world commemorated the fiftieth anniversary of the first man-made nuclear chain reaction in Ch...

Minimalismos, abolucionismos e eficienticismo: a crise do sistema penal entre a deslegitimação e a expansão

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Vera Regina Pereira de Andrade

2006-06-01

Full Text Available O texto trata de contextualizar oMinimalismo e o Abolicionismo penal nohorizonte de crise de legitimidade oudeslegitimação do sistema penal, apontando parasua complexidade e pluralidade (o que impede sefale de minimalismo e abolicionismo no singulare para sua relação com o Eficientismo penal e aexpansão do sistema penal. Partindo do argumentoda existência de diferentes minimalismos eabolicionismos, tanto no plano teorético quantono plano prático-reformista, e das diferentesformas de pendularismo e cruzamento entreminimalismo-abolicionismo-eficientismo,fundamenta-se a tese de que a antítese doabolicionismo não é o minimalismo, mas oeficientismo penal, e o rumo da política criminal contemporânea que ele protagoniza (associado, paradoxalmente, ao minimalismo reformista. Conseqüentemente, o dilema do nosso tempo nãoé, como corriqueiramente se debate, a escolhabipolar entre minimalismo e abolicionismo, masa concorrência, absolutamente desleal, entre atotalizadora colonização do eficientismo e aaversão ao abolicionismo, mediados pelo pretensoequilíbrio prudente de minimalismos de híbridaidentidade.The text deals with contextualizar theMinimalism and the criminal Abolitionism in thehorizon of legitimacy crisis or non-legitimation ofthe criminal system , pointing with respect to itscomplexity and plurality (what it hinders if saysof minimalism and abolitionism in the singularand with respect to its relation with the criminalefficientism and the expansion of the criminalsystem. Breaking of the argument of the existenceof different minimalisms and abolitionisms, asmuch in the theoretical plan how much in the planpractical-reformist, e of the different forms ofpendularism and crossing between minimalismabolitionism-efficientism, it is based thesis of thatthe antithesis of the abolitionism is not theminimalism, but the criminal efficientism, the route of the criminal politics contemporary who it carries out (associated, paradoxicalally

Comentarios a determinadas disposiciones establecidas en los títulos VII y IX del anteproyecto de Código Penal

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José René Orúe Cruz

2000-08-01

Full Text Available Recientemente fue aprobado en lo general el anteproyecto de Código Penal. Al analizar algunos artículos de los Títulos VII y IX, sobre el derecho de autor, propiedad industrial, quiebra, delitos económicos y contra el patrimonio nacional y patrimonio indígena, se observan deficiencias en aspectos elementales: La división de los derechos de propiedad intelectual; el uso de expresiones que no son de uso empresarial; imprecisiones sobre la quiebra, entre otras cosas. Esto obliga a un esfuerzo conjunto para contribuir a que se corrijan aquellos aspectos necesarios para que dispongamos de un nuevo Código Penal que responda a las necesidades de Nicaragua.

[The first physician MP of the Hungarian Parliament, Vince Zomborcsevics].

Science.gov (United States)

Dörnyei, Sándor

2007-01-01

Dr. Vince Zomborcsevics (1810-1890) was the first practising physician elected--in 1847 for the town Szabadka--as MP of the Hungarian Parliament. He spoke up twice at parliamentary sessions: first for enlarging the weight of towns in the Parliament (and thereby that of the bourgeoisie), while second time for radical changes to be made in serfs' circumstances. Both prior and following his parliamentary activity he worked as a medical officer, later he pursued private practice. In the 1840-ies he joined the contemporary national professional and cultural movements, from the 50-ies however he worked only for his local community. Later he retired from public life entirely. He left his remarkable book-collection to the local secondary school.

El peritaje antropológico y la defensa penal de imputados indígenas en La Araucanía, 2004-2011

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Roberto Anselmo Álvarez San Martín

2014-07-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo consiste en la exposición de los principales análisis realizados a partir de la sistematización de peritajes antropológicos solicitados por la Defensoría Penal Pública en la región de La Araucanía en el período 2004 – 2011, con el objeto de identificar los elementos centrales de las razones esgrimidas al recurrir a una defensa penal culturalmente pertinente. Para ello, se toman los fundamentos, las especificaciones técnicas y las justificaciones jurídicas de pericias realizadas en el período. A modo de síntesis se constata que: i en La Araucanía ha existido una subutilización de la pericia cultural en los procesos de defensa penal de imputados indígenas, ii los defensores especializados son quienes han recurrido mayormente a estas pericias, iii el principal argumento esgrimido en la solicitud de estas indagaciones ha sido el de la costumbre indígena, y iv la aprobación de las solicitudes de peritajes antropológicos ha sido justificada en cuanto que son esenciales en la construcción de la teoría del caso. En términos de desafíos actuales para la utilización de los peritajes antropológicos en la defensa de imputados indígenas se deja planteado un conjunto de interrogantes para la defensa penal indígena y las ciencias antropológica y jurídica.

Teoría del error, antecedentes y panorama de su regulación en el nuevo Código Penal Militar (Ley 1407 de 2010)

OpenAIRE

Velásquez Cuervo, Janneth Patricia

2013-01-01

Se analiza en este articulo la teoría del error, sus antecedentes, el desarrollo a través de la dogmática penal con base en los distintos esquemas de la teoría del delito, para terminar en la regulación del error en el nuevo Código Penal Militar (ley 1407 de 2010) aplicable en todos los actos relacionados con el servicio cometidos por los miembros de la Fuerza Pública.

The regulatory role of the Hungarian Geological Survey in the closure of Mecsek uranium mine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hamor, T.; Gombor, L.

2001-01-01

Under Mining Act XLIII established in 1993, the Hungarian Geological Survey was given a wide range of authority related to the environment, mining, nuclear and general constructions. In implementing these task the Survey will be supported by the well established Geological Institute of Hungary and the Eoetvoes Lorand Geophysical Institute. The Survey's role in the nuclear field includes the licensing of plans and reports on geologically related research to any nuclear facilities. The Hungarian Geological Survey is also co-authority on matters related to the establishment, construction, modification and closure, environmental protection of nuclear facilities in general and all matter related to uranium mining. The Survey's regulatory activity in radioactive waste management follows the Decree of the Minister of Industry and Tourism 62/1997 which is based on the Atomic Energy Act CXVI of 1966. These regulations were prepared in harmony with the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency and the International Atomic Energy Agency conventions, standards and guides and those of other countries. Case histories on the applications of these regulations to the closure of Mecsek uranium mine and the operation of the research laboratory tunnel for long-lived, high level radioactive waste are presented here. (author)

BIOÉTICA, TRASPLANTE DE ÓRGANOS Y DERECHO PENAL EN COLOMBIA

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Yolanda M. Guerra García

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta los lineamientos del Derecho Penal que trascienden los conceptos de trasplantes de órganos y las implicaciones Bioéticas de los mismos. Del mismo modo se establecen algunos de los principales criterios relacionados con el debate bioético en torno al problema de la Donación y Trasplante de Órganos, problemas relacionados con temas como la Muerte Encefálica, el consentimiento informado, Justicia y Distribución, los Xenotrasplantes y la Clonación Embrionaria entre otros.

Acusación Pública e Instrucción del Procedimiento Penal

OpenAIRE

Alfonso Rodríguez, Adriano Jacinto

2015-01-01

El Ministerio Fiscal es un elemento esencial dentro de nuestro ordenamiento jurídico. Sin embargo carece de un papel claro dentro de nuestro esquema de justicia penal. Por otro lado, el Juez de Instrucción no cumple adecuadamente con su papel de garante dentro de nuestro sistema precisamente por su doble papel de garante e investigador. Por tanto es necesario un cambio que sitúe a cada sujeto en el lugar que le corresponde para tener un procedimiento más garantista en el que cada uno cumpla c...

Violência doméstica e Juizados Especiais Criminais: análise a partir do feminismo e do garantismo Domestic violence and Special Criminal Courts: analysis from the legal feminism and penal criticism perspectives

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Carmen Hein de Campos

2006-09-01

Full Text Available Este artigo pretende demonstrar a possibilidade de análise crítica da Lei 9.099/95 a partir de dois discursos considerados marginais no campo do direito penal: o feminismo jurídico e o garantismo penal. Considerando a vítima no momento do crime e o autor do fato durante o processo penal, esses discursos interagem, procurando construir um diálogo para demonstrar a ineficácia da lei em ambas as perspectivas.This article aims at demonstrating the possibility of criticism about the criminal law (Lei 9.099/95 from two perspectives seen as marginal within penal law studies: the legal feminism and the penal criticism (garantismo. Taking into account the victim's condition and the defendant's rights during the criminal proceedings, such discourses are linked to show the inefficacy of that law towards both the victim and the defendant.

Teachers’ implicit beliefs about the students of the Roma and the Hungarian cultural group

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Dimitrijević Bojana M.

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Research has shown that the beliefs about cultural, ethnic or racial diversities among students are vital for the effective work of teachers. Hence, in this paper, we aim at determining: (1 in what ways the teachers perceive and interpret the school situation that includes the students from a minority cultural group (Roma and Hungarian, i.e. what kinds of beliefs they express in the given situation; (2 whether there are any differences in the way in which teachers, within the same stadium of development of intercultural sensitivity, perceive the given situation. The sample included class teachers whose score on the Intercultural Development Inventory pointed to intercultural sensitivity in accordance with the stadium of minimisation (seventeen teachers and polarisation (six teachers. The Critical Incident Technique (CI was applied in the study, in two parallel forms: with a Hungarian and a Roma student. Thematic analysis yielded seven topics, four of which occurred only in the CI with a Roma student: Disrespecting school as an institution, Abuse of minority status, Separation from the class and Typical children’s motives. The comparison of teachers’ statements depending on the CI version and the developmental phase indicate that the specificity of a cultural group in question affects the expressed beliefs about this group, regardless of teachers’ intercultural sensitivity.

La infracción adolescente a la ley penal en el centro del debate sobre seguridad pública en Uruguay

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Carolina González-Laurino

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo busca reflexionar sobre el debate uruguayo de laseguridad pública centrado en la infracción penal juvenil, en el marco de la presentación de unproyecto que propone bajar la edad de imputabilidad penal de dieciocho a dieciséis años presentadaa plebiscito en 2014, y de las ambigüedades planteadas a nivel legislativo por la izquierda en elgobierno desde 2005, que se debate entre el discurso de la represión y el de la rehabilitación social.Asimismo se propone un debate acerca de la rehabilitación social en contextos de encierro.

Constitución penal y teoría de la pena: apuntes sobre una relación necesaria y propuesta para un posible contenido desde la prevención especial

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Mario Durán Migliardi

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo postula la existencia, en toda sociedad democrática, de profundas conexiones entre la denominada constitución penal y la necesa - ria justificación teórica del castigo penal. Desde esta perspectiva, y luego de analizar el fundamento constitucional del derecho penal democrático, se estudia, a partir de una visión política-criminal, y en perspectiva constitucional, el posible rol que las teorías de prevención especial y el propio ideario resocializador pueden cumplir en este contexto.

La limitada capacidad del concepto de populismo punitivo como herramienta de interpretación del sistema penal colombiano

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Fernando León Tamayo Arboleda

2016-12-01

Full Text Available En los intentos por explicar la evolución reciente en la configuración de los sistemas de castigo penal y el reformismo que en esta materia se ha presentado en diversos países del hemisferio occidental, se ha propuesto el concepto de populismo punitivo como herramienta analítica. Sin embargo, su capacidad explicativa parece reducida desde el punto de vista teórico, debido a la dificultad para su determinación y diferenciación de otros conceptos, así como desde el punto de vista práctico, por su insuficiencia para explicar las tendencias recientes en materia de castigo. Por ello, el presente artículo busca problematizar la capacidad analítica que brinda el concepto de populismo punitivo, a partir de un análisis teórico contrastado con las recientes tendencias políticas en Colombia y las reformas penales que mayor impacto han tenido desde la implementación del Código Penal vigente. A partir de lo anterior, se concluye que el concepto de populismo punitivo no representa una novedad frente a otros conceptos previamente utilizados en Colombia, y que su formulación tiene una limitada capacidad para explicar la política criminal en el país.

Computation of optimal transport and related hedging problems via penalization and neural networks

OpenAIRE

Eckstein, Stephan; Kupper, Michael

2018-01-01

This paper presents a widely applicable approach to solving (multi-marginal, martingale) optimal transport and related problems via neural networks. The core idea is to penalize the optimization problem in its dual formulation and reduce it to a finite dimensional one which corresponds to optimizing a neural network with smooth objective function. We present numerical examples from optimal transport, martingale optimal transport, portfolio optimization under uncertainty and generative adversa...

Two Austro-Hungarian Women Writers, Anna Tutsek and Terka Lux, Creating New Urban Identities in Early Twentieth-Century Budapest

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Judit Kádár

2016-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper, I examine some literary texts of two turn-of-the century Hungarian women writers, Anna Tutsek and Terka Lux who left behind their childhood environment in remote regions of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy in order to move to Budapest, the capital of the eastern part of the Empire. Assuming that individuals hold multiple identities that are flexible and inevitably affected by environmental and social changes, my main focus is on the transformation of their ethnic, regional, occupational and gender identity influenced by the disengagement from their birthplace. Within a context of Hungarian−Eastern-European women's social history, I investigate how migration had led them to reshape their original identities and create new ones and how these emigrant writers reacted to the loss of cultural and social norms in which they had previously lived.

CONSECUENCIAS JURÍDICO-PENALES DEL ABSENTISMO ESCOLAR

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Carlos Vázquez González

2013-05-01

Full Text Available El absentismo y/o el abandono escolar no son tan sólo uno de los principales problemas a los que se debe enfrentar cualquier sistema educativo, sino también un problema social relacionado con la exclusión social, la marginación y la delincuencia, ya que la investigación criminológica ha comprobado como el fracaso escolar o un temprano abandono de los estudios opera como un facilitador de la delincuencia juvenil. Cuando el absentismo o abandono escolar se produce debido a un incumplimiento injustificado por parte de los padres del deber de educar y proporcionar una formación integral a sus hijos, deber legal de asistencia inherente a la patria potestad, el Estado deberá intervenir para garantizar el derecho a la educación de los menores, recurriendo incluso al Derecho penal, mediante la aplicación del delito de abandono de familia del art. 226.1 CP.

[Validation of the Hungarian version of Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog) in patients with mild cognitive impairment].

Science.gov (United States)

Papp, Edina; Pákáski, Magdolna; Drótos, Gergely; Kálmán, János

2012-01-01

Early recognition of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has increasing clinical relevance in the treatment process of dementia, since it is considered as prodromal period. A great variety of instruments have been developed for measuring cognitive performance of the demented patients. The cognitive subscale of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-Cog) is one of the most frequently applied instrument to determine the severity of dementia and the efficiency of pharmacotherapy. The aim of this study is to examine the sensitivity parameters of the Hungarian ADAS-Cog in differentiating healthy elderly from MCI patients, furthermore to compare the sociodemographic data of the two groups. Fourty-five patients with MCI and 47 healthy subjects (HS) participated in the study. Their age variated between 52 and 88 years, the mean age was 68.8 (standard deviation=8.6). The mean of the years of education was 11.8 (standard deviation=3.5). Mental state was determined by ADAS-Cog and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to exclude depression. Data analysis was performed with SPSS 17. There were no significant differences between the two groups considering the sociodemographic data. The total score of ADAS-Cog is the most sensitive index (AUC: 0.875, sensitivity: 95.6%) for determining MCI, although the ratio of false positive cases was very high (specificity: 70.2%). The cut-off scores of the ADAS-Cog in the Hungarian sample were higher than the findings in previous researches. Positive correlation between age and ADAS-Cog total score was only significant in the HS group. On the other hand, negative correlation was found between education and ADAS-Cog total score in the MCI group. These results indicate that the currently used Hungarian ADAS-Cog is able to distinguish between MCI patients and HS groups. However, the adaptation of the Hungarian version will be necessary during the further standardization process including the

The curricular importance of mathematics : a comparison of English and Hungarian teachers' espoused beliefs

OpenAIRE

Andrews, Paul

2007-01-01

This paper reports an interview study of 45 English and 10 Hungarian teachers of mathematics. The semi‐structured interviews focused on the teachers’ professional life‐histories and invited them to discuss their beliefs about the necessary subject content for the teaching and learning of mathematics. Substantial differences emerged between the two cohorts, which accord with well‐defined national perspectives on education in general and mathematics education in particular. They reflect, at nat...

DEVELOPMENT POSSIBILITIES OF THE HUNGARIAN-UKRAINIAN

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Pasztor Szabolcs

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Thanks to the all pervasive globalisation trends previous state borders have become more permeable and subject to change. As borders disappear previously separated borderlands can unite and form a spatial unit where more increased economic interactions could integrate both sides to the global economy.The European continent is such a case which previously had been puctuated by strong state borders. Today the continent sees the physical and intellectual disappearance of borders. Regional integrations – like the European Union – spur this process and helps the integration of borderland inside and outside of the common market. The creation of a common market was a huge success and still a great deal of benefits are anticipated from the fulfillment. We are not taken by surprise when we see a massive increase in the number of border related studies and researchers. This field is very popular today. However the difference between Western and Eastern Europe is huge because eastern state borders are still strong or they link peripheral regions. There - under the communist times- border crossings were restricted and trade links were quite poor. No wonder that the tendencies of the past are still determining. This paper focuses on of one the most peripheral external borderland of the Schengen zone: the Hungarian-Ukrainian borderland. Expectations are running high and the disappearance of the border is a long-awaited hope. First I take into consideration the relevant economic theory in connection with more intense borderland dynamics. In the literature the trade theory, new economic geography and the traditional location theory approach this question. The approaches do not give coherent and clear-cut answers so I have to turn my attention to different empirical approaches. These show huge heterogeneity depending on the nature and character of the borderlands. In the mentioned case, settlement-level data are not fully available so I conduct a

Dietary Calcium Intake and Calcium Supplementation in Hungarian Patients with Osteoporosis

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Gábor Speer

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Purpose. Adequate calcium intake is the basis of osteoporosis therapy—when this proves insufficient, even specific antiosteoporotic agents cannot exert their actions properly. Methods. Our representative survey analyzed the dietary intake and supplementation of calcium in 8033 Hungarian female and male (mean age: 68 years (68.01 (CI95: 67.81–68.21 patients with osteoporosis. Results. Mean intake from dietary sources was 665±7.9 mg (68.01 (CI95: 67.81–68.21 daily. A significant positive relationship could be detected between total dietary calcium intake and lumbar spine BMD (P=0.045, whereas such correlation could not be demonstrated with femoral T-score. Milk consumption positively correlated with femur (P=0.041, but not with lumbar BMD. The ingestion of one liter of milk daily increased the T-score by 0.133. Average intake from supplementation was 558±6.2 mg (68.01 (CI95: 67.81–68.21 daily. The cumulative dose of calcium—from both dietary intake and supplementation—was significantly associated with lumbar (r=0.024, P=0.049, but not with femur BMD (r=0.021, P=0.107. The currently recommended 1000–1500 mg total daily calcium intake was achieved in 34.5% of patients only. It was lower than recommended in 47.8% of the cases and substantially higher in 17.7% of subjects. Conclusions. We conclude that calcium intake in Hungarian osteoporotic patients is much lower than the current recommendation, while routinely applied calcium supplementation will result in inappropriately high calcium intake in numerous patients.

La expectativa razonable de intimidad y el derecho fundamental a la intimidad en el proceso penal

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Oscar Julián Guerrero Peralta

2011-07-01

Full Text Available El texto tiene el objetivo de ilustrar históricamente la formación de la categoría “expectativa razonable de intimidad” en el derecho procesal penal norteamericano y observar las dificultades de su adaptación a los sistemas continentales que cuentan con la intimidad como un derecho fundamental constitucional. En tal sentido, el artículo muestra la evolución de las discusiones jurisprudenciales de Norteamérica, empezando por la decisión Katz de los años 60’s hasta las modernas interpretaciones que extienden el modelo a la vigilancia aérea de objetos y personas. Frente a la legislación colombiana resulta importante destacar que la noción tiene otras perspectivas interesantes, que inscriben la problemática en una nueva realidad del derecho probatorio que se relaciona con la tecnología del control aplicada a las pruebas penales.

An attempt to categorize Hungarian community currencies

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Eszter Szemerédi

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Since the emergence of complementary currencies in the 1980s there have been numerous attempts to classify them, despite that the terms local currency, community currency and many others describing place-based monetary tools are not considered similarly by scholars. The local currencies take many forms, and local governments play different roles in their emergence and development. In Hungary there has been an increasing attention and discussion around the idea of implementing these alternative monetary tools. There is a growing number of working complementary currencies in Hungary, but academic research focuses mostly on whether these can contribute to the local development and what kind of effects they have. The aim of this paper is to present a possible categorization of Hungarian complementary currencies based on the role local governments played in their implementation. I evaluate whether these community currencies are effective at first, and attempt to categorize them based on their purpose, association form and their relationships with local governments, with the purpose of increasing awareness for these initiatives in the process of policy-making.

Sex offender punishment and the persistence of penal harm in the U.S.

Science.gov (United States)

Leon, Chrysanthi S

2011-01-01

The U.S. has dramatically revised its approach to punishment in the last several decades. In particular, people convicted of sex crimes have experienced a remarkable expansion in social control through a wide-range of post-conviction interventions. While this expansion may be largely explained by general punishment trends, there appear to be unique factors that have prevented other penal reforms from similarly modulating sex offender punishment. In part, this continuation of a "penal harm" approach to sex offenders relates to the past under-valuing of sexual victimization. In the "bad old days," the law and its agents sent mixed messages about sexual violence and sexual offending. Some sexual offending was mere nuisance, some was treatable, and a fraction "deserved" punishment equivalent to other serious criminal offending. In contrast, today's sex offender punishment schemes rarely distinguish formally among gradations of harm or dangerousness. After examining incarceration trends, this article explores the historical context of the current broad brush approach and reviews the unintended consequences. Altogether, this article reinforces the need to return to differentiation among sex offenders, but differentiation based on science and on the experience-based, guided discretion of experts in law enforcement, corrections, and treatment. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

PIRPLE: a penalized-likelihood framework for incorporation of prior images in CT reconstruction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stayman, J Webster; Dang, Hao; Ding, Yifu; Siewerdsen, Jeffrey H

2013-01-01

Over the course of diagnosis and treatment, it is common for a number of imaging studies to be acquired. Such imaging sequences can provide substantial patient-specific prior knowledge about the anatomy that can be incorporated into a prior-image-based tomographic reconstruction for improved image quality and better dose utilization. We present a general methodology using a model-based reconstruction approach including formulations of the measurement noise that also integrates prior images. This penalized-likelihood technique adopts a sparsity enforcing penalty that incorporates prior information yet allows for change between the current reconstruction and the prior image. Moreover, since prior images are generally not registered with the current image volume, we present a modified model-based approach that seeks a joint registration of the prior image in addition to the reconstruction of projection data. We demonstrate that the combined prior-image- and model-based technique outperforms methods that ignore the prior data or lack a noise model. Moreover, we demonstrate the importance of registration for prior-image-based reconstruction methods and show that the prior-image-registered penalized-likelihood estimation (PIRPLE) approach can maintain a high level of image quality in the presence of noisy and undersampled projection data. (paper)

The convict’s family as a participant in his penal resocialisation, readaptation and social reintegration

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Henryk Machel

2014-06-01

Full Text Available One of the elements of penal social rehabilitation procedure is maintaining social ties with criminal’s families. The family bonds of criminal, maintained at an appropriate level, provide the basis for social re-processing, and for safeguarding criminals, freed conditionally or at the end of their sentences, from reoffending. Maintaining proper social ties between inmates and their families is essential for the proper process of penal reintegration and its end effect. The social bonds of prisoners can be classified according to the length of the sentence and depend on the type of sentence. If there is no family relationship (e.g. when someone is serving a sentence for an offense against their family it is not possible to use it in the social rehabilitation process. Weak familial bonds can be reconstructed and treated as one of the process’s important objectives. A strong familial bond can and should be used to support and strengthen that process. The family bond is felt somewhat differently by women (the issue is concern for children, fear of abandonment by life partners, etc. than by men. However, with regard to both categories of convicts, it plays an important role in the process of their rehabilitation and social re-adjustment, and helps prevent stigma. The recommended way of using good family relationships and rebuilding poor ties in penal work was applied with a positive effect for 20 months in a measured social rehabilitation experiment devised by the author, organised and implemented in a prison in Gdańsk-Przeróbka until the introduction of martial law in Poland in 1981. It was very positively evaluated by J. Rejman in his book entitled Change in the Polish penitentiary system – constraints and opportunities, published in 2013. The system operated throughout the entire prison facility and, as noted, was effective both in resocialisation and rehabilitation.

Nuclear power plants in past and future of Hungarian energy policy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bueki, Gergely

2014-01-01

In the Hungarian electric power supply nuclear power plants are important and stay so. It is underpinned by the country's energy resources. Although building nuclear power plants is an enormous investment and the extension with new blocks costs a lot, electric power generated by NPP is the cheapest one and can remain the cheapest if rational decisions will be made. Building and operation Paks Nuclear Power Plant demands for high level professional culture in education, in planning, in industry, in research and in operations. With building new reactor blocks it is expected that energy policy, power plant engineering will renew, while new jobs are created and the economy growths. (TRA)

(Re)pensando a natureza jurídica do processo penal: para além da concepção de processo como relação jurídica, por meio da linguística

OpenAIRE

Reis, Maurício Sant'Anna dos

2012-01-01

Partindo da análise do conteúdo do processo penal, rompendo com a Teoria Geral do Processo, a presente dissertação se debruça sobre o estudo da natureza jurídicado processo penal. Questiona-se, assim, qual seria a natureza jurídica do processo penal. Para tentar responder essa questão, se analisa – superando-a – a Teoria da Relação Jurídica de Oskar Von Bülow, de toda inadequada ao processo penal, por não observar sua complexa fenomenologia. Nessa linha, acompanha-se a Teoria da Situação Jurí...

The Role of Cultural Competence in the Teaching of Hungarian as a Foreign Language and in Cultural Diplomacy

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Erika Sólyom

2015-01-01

Full Text Available In the present paper, I aim to shed light on the importance of cultural competence from three perspectives. First, in my capacity as a sociolinguist, I will talk about how Hungarian culture is incorporated in the textbook "Colloquial Hungarian" (Rounds and Sólyom 2011, providing particular examples from various dialogues and cultural notes from the book. I believe that linguistic competence, communicative competence, and cultural competence are equally important parts of foreign language teaching and foreign language learning. Second, as a foreign language instructor at U.S. study abroad programs, I plan to discuss the importance of cultural norms of the speakers of the local language in the host country. Third, as a director of an American cultural and resource center in Budapest, I will talk about the importance of building bridges between two cultures, describing the goals and missions of the center as well as giving specific examples of the activities of the American Corner Budapest.

Un Code Pénal Pour l'Unité Italienne: le code Zanardelli (1889 – La Genèse, le Débat, le Projet Juridique

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Luigi Lacche

2014-06-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2177-7055.2013v35n68p37O presente artigo analisa o processo de formação do primeiro código penal italiano posterior à unificação política do país, o chamado Código Zanardelli de 1889. Uma análise que contextualiza a codificação não somente na cronologia dos fatos políticos, mas também, por exemplo, na ciência do direito penal italiana do século XIX. Uma ciência do direito penal – conhecida sob o nome de “escola clássica” – caracterizada por ter levantado algumas bandeiras como a abolição da pena de morte, um dos aspectos apontados, inclusive, como fator que dificultou processo de unificação legislativa no campo penal. Por fim, a título de epílogo, são abordadas as críticas da chamada “escola positiva” que se opunha a algumas tendências liberais do recém-promulgado código. Um liberalismo penal, porém, que é visto em sua ambiguidade: no interior de um código liberal, por exemplo, dispositivos rígidos para combater o dissenso político, e uma normativa extra codicem que mitigava algumas garantias consagradas no código.

LA IMPUGNACIÓN DE LA CREDIBILIDAD DE TESTIGOS EN EL SISTEMA PENAL ACUSATORIO

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Alejandro Decastro González

2008-05-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo explica en qué consiste el procedimiento de impugnación de la credibilidad de testigos en el sistema penal acusatorio colombiano consagrado en la ley 906 de 2004, analiza algunos de sus aspectos problemáticos desde la perspectiva procesal y probatoria y expone los equívocos del concepto 'impugnación' en nuestro medio y su relación con la sana crítica.

Burocracias penales, administración institucional de conflictos y ciudadanía: Experiencia comparada entre Brasil y Argentina

OpenAIRE

Marta Fernández Patallo

2010-01-01

TISCORNIA Sofía, KANT DE LIMA Roberto y EILBAUM, Lucía (comp.). 2009. Burocracias penales, administración institucional de conflictos y ciudadanía. Experiencia comparada entre Brasil y Argentina. Buenos Aires: Antropofagia.

Hungarian Population Discourses in the Twentieth Century: The Problem of Declining Birth Rates

OpenAIRE

Ildikó Szántó

2016-01-01

Falling birth rates had already been recorded as early as the late-eighteenth century in south-western Hungary in the Ormánság. Population loss from low birth rate remained one of the main topics writers and sociologists focused on in the twentieth century. The issue of Hungarian population decline was highlighted among the social ills in the interwar period, which was one of several subjects that divided intellectuals into ‘populists’ and ‘urbanites’. Following the impact of the low birth ra...

Policía Local como Policía Judicial. Intervenciones relevantes en el proceso penal

OpenAIRE

Velayos Martínez, Isabel

2012-01-01

Ponencia comparativa de las funciones más habituales de la práctica forense en que la Policía Local actúa en funciones de Policía Judicial. Ponencia presentada en el curso "La reforma del Código Penal", Ayuntamiento de Alicante, Policía Local, 17-18 diciembre 2012. Ayuntamiento de Alicante

La infracción adolescente a la ley penal en el centro del debate sobre seguridad pública en Uruguay

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Carolina González-Laurino, Uruguay

2015-07-01

Full Text Available (descriptivo Este artículo busca reflexionar sobre el debate uruguayo de la seguridad pública centrado en la infracción penal juvenil, en el marco de la presentación de un proyecto que propone bajar la edad de imputabilidad penal de dieciocho a dieciséis años presentada a plebiscito en 2014, y de las ambigüedades planteadas a nivel legislativo por la izquierda en el gobierno desde 2005, que se debate entre el discurso de la represión y el de la rehabilitación social. Asimismo se propone un debate acerca de la rehabilitación social en contextos de encierro.

Recensión a la revista Nova Criminis. Visiones criminológicas de la justicia penal. Número 5, julio de 2013.

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Klaus Alexander Dreckmann Kimelman

2014-03-01

Full Text Available La revista Nova Criminis es una publicación editada por el Magíster en Criminología y Justicia Penal de la Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales de la Universidad Central de Chile. Su objetivo principal es promover entre los miembros de la comunidad nacional, en particular los estudiantes, académicos y profesionales del Derecho Penal, la importancia de la investigación criminológica vinculada a la justicia penal, así como su debate y la difusión de la interrelación entre el control del delito, la seguridad, la criminalidad emergente y los derechos fundamentales.El Nº 5 de la revista, publicada en el mes de julio del año 2013, está enteramente dedicado al tratamiento de la pena a través del estudio de diversas temáticas que se relacionan con la justificación del castigo y aquellas materias en las que la pena tiene aplicación, como el ámbito de la justicia actuarial, la violencia intrafamiliar y los jóvenes infractores de ley.

Factors affecting quality of life in Hungarian adults with epilepsy

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kováts, Daniella; Császár, Noémi; Haller, József

2017-01-01

perception (Illness Perception Questionnaire, IPQ) was also studied. RESULTS: The four measures correlated highly significantly. In addition, the predictive power of factors was comparable with the four inventories as evaluated by Multiple Regression. Factors explained 52%, 41%, 63% and 46% in the variance......PURPOSE: We investigated the impact of 19 factors on life quality in Hungarian patients with epilepsy. Wellbeing was evaluated by several inventories to investigate the impact of factors in more detail. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed in 170 patients. Wellbeing was evaluated...... as influencing life quality. This appears to be the first study that analyses the factors that influence illness perception in epilepsy patients, and suggests that the IPQ may become a valuable tool in epilepsy research....

Nucleotide sequence of Hungarian grapevine chrome mosaic nepovirus RNA1.

Science.gov (United States)

Le Gall, O; Candresse, T; Brault, V; Dunez, J

1989-10-11

The nucleotide sequence of the RNA1 of hungarian grapevine chrome mosaic virus, a nepovirus very closely related to tomato black ring virus, has been determined from cDNA clones. It is 7212 nucleotides in length excluding the 3' terminal poly(A) tail and contains a large open reading frame extending from nucleotides 216 to 6971. The presumably encoded polyprotein is 2252 amino acids in length with a molecular weight of 250 kDa. The primary structure of the polyprotein was compared with that of other viral polyproteins, revealing the same general genetic organization as that of other picorna-like viruses (comoviruses, potyviruses and picornaviruses), except that an additional protein is suspected to occupy the N-terminus of the polyprotein.

Competitive Balance in the Austrain, Czech, Hungarian and Ukranian Soccer Leagues

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Jan Šíma

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Competitive Balance in the Austrain, Czech, Hungarian and Ukranian Soccer Leagues This study deals with measuring and evaluating the static competitive balance in four chosen national soccer/football leagues. These are (in alphabetical order the premier leagues in the Austrian, Czech, Hungarian, and Ukrainian soccer/football divisions. Static balance shows how teams in the league tables of each year differ from each another. It is determined by a calculation of determinant divergences in the percentages of winnings. The results of this work provide graphic illustrations of the development of the competitive balance in the aforementioned contests over the latest forty-two years. They identify the development trend of this phenomenon. Of the contests studied, it is the Czech premier league which used to show the highest static balance. However, nowadays, the Austrian and Hungarian leagues are more balanced in the short term. On the contrary, it is the Ukrainian league which is the least balanced. There is an apparent longterm decline of competition balance within all of the analyzed competitions. However, this decline varies a lot within the group. Vyrovnanost soutěže v rakouské, české, maďarské a ukrajinské fotbalové lize Studie se zabývá měřením a vyhodnocením statické vyrovnanosti soutěže čtyř vybraných národních fotbalových lig. Těmito ligami (alfabeticky řazeno jsou česká, maďarská, rakouská a ukrajinská liga. Statická vyrovnanost vypovídá o tom, jak se od sebe lišily týmy v ligových tabulkách každého ročníku. Je stanovena pomocí výpočtu směrodatných odchylek v procentech výher. Výsledky této práce ukazují za pomoci grafů vývoj statické vyrovnanosti vybraných soutěží za posledních čtyřicet dva let. Určují vývojový trend tohoto fenoménu. Z vybraných soutěží vykazuje česká liga nejvyšší statickou vyrovnanost. Přesto jsou dnes rakouská a maďarská liga kr

Penalized discriminant analysis for the detection of wild-grown and cultivated Ganoderma lucidum using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhu, Ying; Tan, Tuck Lee

2016-04-15

An effective and simple analytical method using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to distinguish wild-grown high-quality Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) from cultivated one is of essential importance for its quality assurance and medicinal value estimation. Commonly used chemical and analytical methods using full spectrum are not so effective for the detection and interpretation due to the complex system of the herbal medicine. In this study, two penalized discriminant analysis models, penalized linear discriminant analysis (PLDA) and elastic net (Elnet),using FTIR spectroscopy have been explored for the purpose of discrimination and interpretation. The classification performances of the two penalized models have been compared with two widely used multivariate methods, principal component discriminant analysis (PCDA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA). The Elnet model involving a combination of L1 and L2 norm penalties enabled an automatic selection of a small number of informative spectral absorption bands and gave an excellent classification accuracy of 99% for discrimination between spectra of wild-grown and cultivated G. lucidum. Its classification performance was superior to that of the PLDA model in a pure L1 setting and outperformed the PCDA and PLSDA models using full wavelength. The well-performed selection of informative spectral features leads to substantial reduction in model complexity and improvement of classification accuracy, and it is particularly helpful for the quantitative interpretations of the major chemical constituents of G. lucidum regarding its anti-cancer effects. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Penalized discriminant analysis for the detection of wild-grown and cultivated Ganoderma lucidum using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Science.gov (United States)

Zhu, Ying; Tan, Tuck Lee

2016-04-01

An effective and simple analytical method using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to distinguish wild-grown high-quality Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) from cultivated one is of essential importance for its quality assurance and medicinal value estimation. Commonly used chemical and analytical methods using full spectrum are not so effective for the detection and interpretation due to the complex system of the herbal medicine. In this study, two penalized discriminant analysis models, penalized linear discriminant analysis (PLDA) and elastic net (Elnet),using FTIR spectroscopy have been explored for the purpose of discrimination and interpretation. The classification performances of the two penalized models have been compared with two widely used multivariate methods, principal component discriminant analysis (PCDA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA). The Elnet model involving a combination of L1 and L2 norm penalties enabled an automatic selection of a small number of informative spectral absorption bands and gave an excellent classification accuracy of 99% for discrimination between spectra of wild-grown and cultivated G. lucidum. Its classification performance was superior to that of the PLDA model in a pure L1 setting and outperformed the PCDA and PLSDA models using full wavelength. The well-performed selection of informative spectral features leads to substantial reduction in model complexity and improvement of classification accuracy, and it is particularly helpful for the quantitative interpretations of the major chemical constituents of G. lucidum regarding its anti-cancer effects.

Elementos de la soberanía y del tribunal penal internacional

OpenAIRE

Scalquette, Rodrigo Arnoni

2007-01-01

Com o título de Elementos da Soberania e do Tribunal Penal Internacional procuramos demonstrar a ligação e pontos conflitantes entre o poder soberano e a Corte Internacional Criminal. No capítulo I, abordamos o conceito de soberania e seu enfoque de concepção política, realizado por Jean Bodin. Vimos o Estado-Leviatã de Thomas Hobbes e a soberania inalienável e indivisível de Jean-Jacques Rousseau. A relação entre Umberto Campagnolo e seu professor, Hans Kelsen, também foi abordada, nota...

Bill related to the struggle against proliferation of mass destruction weapons and their vectors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2010-01-01

This bill indicates the modifications brought to different French laws and codes (penal code, defence code, custom code) and defines provisions and penalties within the frame of struggle against the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (nuclear weapons, biological weapons and toxin-based weapons, chemical weapons), and against the proliferation of their vectors. These modifications, provisions and penalties also concern double-use products. The bill also defines the modifications brought to the French penal procedure code. It finally addresses offenses related to these proliferations which can be considered as an act of terrorism

Psychometric evaluation of the general health questionnaire-12 and Rosenberg self-esteem scale in Hungarian and Slovak early adolescents

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sarkova, M.; Nagyova, I.; Katreniakova, Z.; Geckova, A.M.; Orosova, O.; Middel, B.; van Dijk, J.P.; van den Heuvel, W.

2006-01-01

The reliability and factor structure of the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale (RSE) were evaluated in samples of Hungarian and Slovak early adolescents. The principal component analyses support the two-factor solution for GHQ-12 with subscales

Psicología forense y responsabilidad penal en Costa Rica

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Frank Harbottle-Quirós

2013-12-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo teórico resalta los aportes de la Psicología forense y la importante labor que desempeñan psicólogos forenses en la elaboración de los dictámenes periciales, las cuales deben concluir sobre la capacidad mental de la persona evaluada al momento de los hechos delictivos mediante un análisis retrospectivo. El manuscrito destaca la importancia de que estos dictámenes se desarrollen bajo parámetros de validez y confiabilidad, que sigan estándares internacionales de evaluación y que, a la vez, se adapten a la realidad del país de aplicación, un reto que Costa Rica debe asumir. Se definen los conceptos legales imputabilidad, inimputabilidad e imputabilidad disminuida y se describen las principales causas que pueden llegar a excluir la responsabilidad penal de una persona por trastornos psíquicos que afectan el aspecto intelectual o emocional, el desarrollo mental insuficiente, la grave perturbación de la conciencia u otras alteraciones mentales y su incidencia directa en su ámbito de libertad, por resultar posible que se le imponga una medida de seguridad, como el internamiento en un hospital psiquiátrico en lugar de una pena de prisión. El manuscrito enfatiza que es la o el juzgador –y no la o el perito (psicológico-forense– quien toma la decisión final sobre la responsabilidad penal de la persona acusada. Resalta la necesidad de que quien juzga, además de poseer suficiente conocimiento en Psicología forense, se capacite, como tarea impostergable, de forma permanente en esta disciplina a fin de interpretar correctamente los resultados de las pericias.

Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Haplotypes in Hungarian Patients with Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy

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Levente Bodoki

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies are autoimmune diseases characterized by symmetrical proximal muscle weakness. Our aim was to identify a correlation between VDR polymorphisms or haplotypes and myositis. We studied VDR-BsmI, VDR-ApaI, VDR-TaqI, and VDR-FokI polymorphisms and haplotypes in 89 Hungarian poly-/dermatomyositis patients (69 females and 93 controls (52 females. We did not obtain any significant differences for VDR-FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI genotypes and allele frequencies between patients with myositis and healthy individuals. There was no association of VDR polymorphisms with clinical manifestations and laboratory profiles in myositis patients. Men with myositis had a significantly different distribution of BB, Bb, and bb genotypes than female patients, control male individuals, and the entire control group. Distribution of TT, Tt, and tt genotypes was significantly different in males than in females in patient group. According to four-marker haplotype prevalence, frequencies of sixteen possible haplotypes showed significant differences between patient and control groups. The three most frequent haplotypes in patients were the fbAt, FBaT, and fbAT. Our findings may reveal that there is a significant association: Bb and Tt genotypes can be associated with myositis in the Hungarian population we studied. We underline the importance of our result in the estimated prevalence of four-marker haplotypes.

A BASE IDEOLÓGICA DO DIREITO PENAL DO INIMIGO (GÜNTER JAKOBS: SOCIEDADE DE RISCO E SEUS EFEITOS NO ESTADO DEMOCRÁTICO DE DIREITO

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Ramiro Anzit Guerrero

2016-09-01

Full Text Available O direito penal do inimigo, proposto por Günther Jacobs, representa a antítese do direito penal garantista, de cunho liberal, idealizado e desenvolvido a partir da Revolução Francesa. Contudo, para que seja possível analisá-lo a partir do texto constitucional brasileiro (proposta do presente trabalho faz-se necessária a compreensão de suas características latentes, o que significa mergulhar a fundo no pensamente de seu artífice, Günther Jacobs.

Banking union through Hungarian eyes–assessment of a possible close cooperation

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Anikó Szombati

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Legislation laying down the first two pillars of the institutional system of the Banking Union was finalised in April 2014. In accordance with the regulations, non-euro area Member States, including Hungary, may notify the ECB at any time if they wish to participate in the common system even before the euro is adopted. The paper aims at summarising the possible pros and cons vis-à-vis the Banking Union from a Hungarian perspective. It highlights the reasons for not opting in at the inception of the new supervisory system and also gives indications about those major milestones that could give rise to the reconsideration of the present position. In its existing form, the single supervisory and crisis management mechanism has not achieved the initial target, i.e. the separation of the stability of national banking systems and the fiscal capacity of Member States and the elimination of interdependencies. In addition, close cooperation implies weaker powers than those provided by actual membership, and the separation of central bank and supervisory functions carries risks in non-euro area countries. By contrast, the attraction of Banking Union membership lies in the opportunity to join a uniform European system, a wider analyst base and ultimately, the “ammunition” of the EUR 98 billion available for crisis management in comparison to the Hungarian banking system. In October 2013, a uniform supervisory system integrated into the central bank was set up in Hungary, and the domestic resolution institutional system was complete by the end of 2014. Therefore, until the finalisation of the Banking Union through the creation of the common deposit insurance fund and a common fiscal backstop, it is reasonable to put the decision to join on hold; indeed, such a decision should be made in light of several factors presented in this study.

La incidencia del comportamiento de la víctima en la responsabilidad penal del autor (hacia una teoría unívoca

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Camilo Iván Machado Rodríguez

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Se propone el estudio de la incidencia del comportamiento de la víctima en la responsabilidad penal del autor, realizándose una breve descripción de las diferentes posturas dogmáticas que se han suscitado en la doctrina jurídico-penal en torno a la relevancia del comportamiento de la víctima. Esta ponencia pretende unificar criterios, y por tanto, dar una solución unívoca a la incidencia del comportamiento de la víctima en el injusto penal. Dicha solución la encuentro en un criterio común, sustentado en el derecho a la autonomía de la voluntad, con el que se puede sistematizar la figura dogmática clásica del consentimiento, proponiéndose un entendimiento de la misma, desde la óptica de la teoría de la imputación objetiva, y para ello, se incluye el consentimiento como una causa de ausencia de la imputación objetiva, en su modalidad de criterio delimitante del riesgo permitido.

La incidencia del comportamiento de la víctima en la responsabilidad penal del autor (hacia una teoría unívoca

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Camilo Iván Machado Rodríguez

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Se propone el estudio de la incidencia del comportamiento de la víctima en la responsabilidad penal del autor, realizándose una breve descripción de las diferentes posturas dogmáticas que se han suscitado en la doctrina jurídico-penal en torno a la relevancia del comportamiento de la víctima. Esta ponencia pretende unificar criterios, y por tanto, dar una solución unívoca a la incidencia del comportamiento de la víctima en el injusto penal. Dicha solución la encuentro en un criterio común, sustentado en el derecho a la autonomía de la voluntad, con el que se puede sistematizar la figura dogmática clásica del consentimiento, proponiéndose un entendimiento de la misma, desde la óptica de la teoría de la imputación objetiva, y para ello, se incluye el consentimiento como una causa de ausencia de la imputación objetiva, en su modalidad de criterio delimitante del riesgo permitido.