Coupling of the nucleotide incision and 3' {yields} 5' exonuclease activities in Escherichia coli endonuclease IV: Structural and genetic evidences

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Golan, Gali [Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904 (Israel); Ishchenko, Alexander A. [Groupe Reparation de l' ADN, CNRS UMR 8126, Univ. Paris-Sud, Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy, 39, rue Camille Desmoulins, F-94805 Villejuif Cedex (France); Khassenov, Bekbolat [National Center for Biotechnology, Astana (Kazakhstan); Shoham, Gil, E-mail: gil2@vms.huji.ac.il [Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904 (Israel); Saparbaev, Murat K., E-mail: smurat@igr.fr [Groupe Reparation de l' ADN, CNRS UMR 8126, Univ. Paris-Sud, Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy, 39, rue Camille Desmoulins, F-94805 Villejuif Cedex (France)

2010-03-01

Aerobic respiration generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a by-product of cellular metabolism which can damage DNA. The complex nature of oxidative DNA damage requires actions of several repair pathways. Oxidized DNA bases are substrates for two overlapping pathways: base excision repair (BER) and nucleotide incision repair (NIR). In the BER pathway a DNA glycosylase cleaves the N-glycosylic bond between the abnormal base and deoxyribose, leaving either an abasic site or single-stranded DNA break. Alternatively, in the NIR pathway, an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease incises duplex DNA 5' next to oxidatively damaged nucleotide. The multifunctional Escherichia coli endonuclease IV (Nfo) is involved in both BER and NIR pathways. Nfo incises duplex DNA 5' of a damaged residue but also possesses an intrinsic 3' {yields} 5' exonuclease activity. Herein, we demonstrate that Nfo-catalyzed NIR and exonuclease activities can generate a single-strand gap at the 5' side of 5,6-dihydrouracil residue. Furthermore, we show that Nfo mutants carrying amino acid substitutions H69A and G149D are deficient in both NIR and exonuclease activities, suggesting that these two functions are genetically linked and governed by the same amino acid residues. The crystal structure of Nfo-H69A mutant reveals the loss of one of the active site zinc atoms (Zn1) and rearrangements of the catalytic site, but no gross changes in the overall enzyme conformation. We hypothesize that these minor changes strongly affect the DNA binding of Nfo. Decreased affinity may lead to a different kinking angle of the DNA helix and this in turn thwart nucleotide incision and exonuclease activities of Nfo mutants but to lesser extent of their AP endonuclease function. Based on the biochemical and genetic data we propose a model where nucleotide incision coupled to 3' {yields} 5' exonuclease activity prevents formation of lethal double-strand breaks when repairing bi

Human apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA: Identification of two distinct apoB mRNAs, an mRNA with the apoB-100 sequence and an apoB mRNA containing a premature in-frame translational stop codon, in both liver and intestine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Higuchi, K.; Hospattankar, A.V.; Law, S.W.; Meglin, N.; Cortright, J.; Brewer, H.B. Jr.

1988-01-01

Human apolipoprotein B (apoB) is present in plasma as two separate isoproteins, designated apoB-100 (512 kDa) and apoB-48 (250 kDa). ApoB is encoded by a single gene on chromosome 2, and a single nuclear mRNA is edited and processed into two separate apoB mRNAs. A 14.1-kilobase apoB mRNA codes for apoB-100, and the second mRNA, which codes for apoB-48, contains a premature stop codon generated by a single base substitution of cytosine to uracil at nucleotide 6,538, which converts the translated CAA codon coding for the amino acid glutamine at residue 2,153 in apoB-100 to a premature in-frame stop codon (UAA). Two 30-base synthetic oligonucleotides, designated apoB-Stop and apoB-Gln, were synthesized containing the complementary sequence to the stop codon (UAA) and glutamine codon (CAA), respectively. The combined results from these studies establish that both human intestine and liver contain the two distinct apoB mRNAs, an mRNA that codes for apoB-100 and an apoB mRNA that contains the premature stop codon, which codes for apoB-48. The premature in-frame stop codon is not tissue specific and is present in both human liver and intestine

Synthesis, sintering and dissolution of thorium and uranium (IV) mixed oxide solid solutions: influence of the method of precursor preparation; Synthese, frittage et caracterisation de solutions solides d'oxydes mixtes de thorium et d'uranium (IV): influence de la methode de preparation du precurseur

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hingant, N

2008-12-15

Mixed actinide dioxides are currently considered as potential fuels for the third and fourth generations of nuclear reactors. In this context, thorium-uranium (IV) dioxide solid solutions were studied as model compounds to underline the influence of the method of preparation on their physico-chemical properties. Two methods of synthesis, both based on the initial precipitation of oxalate precursors have been developed. The first consisted in the direct precipitation ('open' system) while the second involved hydrothermal conditions ('closed' system). The second method led to a significant improvement in the crystallization of the samples especially in the field of the increase of the grain size. In these conditions, the formation of a complete solid solution Th{sub 1-x}U{sub x}(C{sub 2}O{sub 4}){sub 2}.2H{sub 2}O was prepared between both end-members. Its crystal structure was also resolved. Whatever the initial method considered, these compounds led to the final dioxides after heating above 400 C. The various steps associated to this transformation, involving the dehydration of precursors then the decomposition of oxalate groups have been clarified. Moreover, the use of wet chemistry methods allowed to reduce the sintering temperature of the final thorium-uranium (IV) dioxide solid solutions. Whatever the method of preparation considered, dense samples (95% to 97% of the calculated value) were obtained after only 3 hours of heating at 1500 C. Additionally, the use of hydrothermal conditions significantly increased the grain size, leading to the reduction of the occurrence of the grain boundaries and of the global residual porosity. The significant improvement in the homogeneity of cations distribution in the samples was also highlighted. Finally, the chemical durability of thorium-uranium (IV) dioxide solid solutions was evaluated through the development of leaching tests in nitric acid. The optimized homogeneity especially in terms of the

Analysis of Employee's Survey for Preventing Human-Errors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sung, Chanho; Kim, Younggab; Joung, Sanghoun [KHNP Central Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2013-10-15

Human errors in nuclear power plant can cause large and small events or incidents. These events or incidents are one of main contributors of reactor trip and might threaten the safety of nuclear plants. To prevent human-errors, KHNP(nuclear power plants) introduced 'Human-error prevention techniques' and have applied the techniques to main parts such as plant operation, operation support, and maintenance and engineering. This paper proposes the methods to prevent and reduce human-errors in nuclear power plants through analyzing survey results which includes the utilization of the human-error prevention techniques and the employees' awareness of preventing human-errors. With regard to human-error prevention, this survey analysis presented the status of the human-error prevention techniques and the employees' awareness of preventing human-errors. Employees' understanding and utilization of the techniques was generally high and training level of employee and training effect on actual works were in good condition. Also, employees answered that the root causes of human-error were due to working environment including tight process, manpower shortage, and excessive mission rather than personal negligence or lack of personal knowledge. Consideration of working environment is certainly needed. At the present time, based on analyzing this survey, the best methods of preventing human-error are personal equipment, training/education substantiality, private mental health check before starting work, prohibit of multiple task performing, compliance with procedures, and enhancement of job site review. However, the most important and basic things for preventing human-error are interests of workers and organizational atmosphere such as communication between managers and workers, and communication between employees and bosses.

Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Zirconium (IV) Complexes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sharma, Shobhana; Jain, Asha; Saxena, Sanjiv [Univ. of Rajasthan, Jaipur (India)

2012-08-15

Heteroleptic complexes of zirconium (IV) derived from bulky Schiff base ligands containing a sulphur atom and oximes of heterocyclic β-diketones of the general formula ZrLL' (where L'H{sub 2}=RCNH(C{sub 6}H{sub 4})SC : C(OH)N(C{sub 6}H{sub 5})N : CCH{sub 3}, R=-C{sub 6}H{sub 5}, -C{sub 6}H{sub 4}Cl(p) and L'H{sub 2}=R'C : (NOH)C : C(OH)N(C{sub 6}H{sub 5})N : CCH{sub 3}, R' = -CH{sub 2}CH{sub 3}, -C{sub 6}H{sub 5}, -C{sub 6}H{sub 4}Cl (p) were prepared by the reactions of zirconium tetrachloride with disodium salts of Schiff bases (L Na{sub 2}) and oximes of heterocyclic β-diketones (L' Na{sub 2}) in 1:1:1 molar ratio in dry refluxing THF. The structures of these monomeric zirconium (IV) complexes were elucidated with the help of elemental analysis, molecular weight measurements, spectroscopic (IR, NMR and mass) studies. A distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry may be suggested for these heteroleptic zirconium (IV) complexes. The ligands (bulky Schiff base ligands containing a sulphur atom and oximes of heterocyclic β-diketones) and their heteroleptic complexes of zirconium (IV) were screened against A. flavus, P. aeruginesa and E. coli.

Identification and quantification of (5'R)- and (5'S)-8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosines in human urine as putative biomarkers of oxidatively induced damage to DNA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jaruga, Pawel, E-mail: pawel.jaruga@nist.gov [Biochemical Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 (United States); Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz (Poland); Dizdaroglu, Miral [Biochemical Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 (United States)

2010-06-18

Biomarkers of oxidatively induced DNA damage are of great interest and can potentially be used for the early detection of disease, monitoring the progression of disease and determining the efficacy of therapy. The present work deals with the measurement in human urine of (5'R)-8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine (R-cdA) and (5'S)-8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine (S-cdA). These modified nucleosides had hitherto not been considered or investigated to be present in urine as possible biomarkers of oxidatively induced DNA damage. Urine samples were collected from volunteers, purified and analyzed by LC-MS/MS with isotope-dilution. R-cdA and S-cdA were detected in urine and quantified. Creatinine levels were also measured. In addition, we measured 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine that is commonly used as a biomarker. This study shows, for the first time, that R-cdA and S-cdA exist in human urine and can be identified and quantified by LC-MS/MS. We propose that R-cdA and S-cdA may be well-suited biomarkers for disease processes such as carcinogenesis.

Human antibody recognition of antigenic site IV on Pneumovirus fusion proteins.

Science.gov (United States)

Mousa, Jarrod J; Binshtein, Elad; Human, Stacey; Fong, Rachel H; Alvarado, Gabriela; Doranz, Benjamin J; Moore, Martin L; Ohi, Melanie D; Crowe, James E

2018-02-01

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major human pathogen that infects the majority of children by two years of age. The RSV fusion (F) protein is a primary target of human antibodies, and it has several antigenic regions capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies. Antigenic site IV is preserved in both the pre-fusion and post-fusion conformations of RSV F. Antibodies to antigenic site IV have been described that bind and neutralize both RSV and human metapneumovirus (hMPV). To explore the diversity of binding modes at antigenic site IV, we generated a panel of four new human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and competition-binding suggested the mAbs bind at antigenic site IV. Mutagenesis experiments revealed that binding and neutralization of two mAbs (3M3 and 6F18) depended on arginine (R) residue R429. We discovered two R429-independent mAbs (17E10 and 2N6) at this site that neutralized an RSV R429A mutant strain, and one of these mAbs (17E10) neutralized both RSV and hMPV. To determine the mechanism of cross-reactivity, we performed competition-binding, recombinant protein mutagenesis, peptide binding, and electron microscopy experiments. It was determined that the human cross-reactive mAb 17E10 binds to RSV F with a binding pose similar to 101F, which may be indicative of cross-reactivity with hMPV F. The data presented provide new concepts in RSV immune recognition and vaccine design, as we describe the novel idea that binding pose may influence mAb cross-reactivity between RSV and hMPV. Characterization of the site IV epitope bound by human antibodies may inform the design of a pan-Pneumovirus vaccine.

Astragaloside IV Prevents Cardiac Remodeling in the Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice by Regulating Cardiac Homeostasis and Oxidative Stress

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xiong-Zhi Li

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Background: Hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor for the development of cardiac hypertrophy. Astragaloside IV (AST-IV possesses cardiovascular protective properties. We hypothesize that AST-IV prevents cardiac remodeling with hypercholesterolemia via modulating tissue homeostasis and alleviating oxidative stress. Methods: The ApoE-/- mice were treated with AST-IV at 1 or 10 mg/kg for 8 weeks. The blood lipids tests, echocardiography, and TUNEL were performed. The mRNA expression profile was detected by real-time PCR. The myocytes size and number, and the expressions of proliferation (ki67, senescence (p16INK4a, oxidant (NADPH oxidase 4, NOX4 and antioxidant (superoxide dismutase, SOD were observed by immunofluorescence staining. Results: Neither 1 mg/kg nor 10 mg/kg AST-IV treatment could decrease blood lipids in ApoE-/- mice. However, the decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF and fractional shortening (FS in ApoE–/– mice were significantly improved after AST-IV treatment. The cardiac collagen volume fraction declined nearly in half after AST-IV treatment. The enlarged myocyte size was suppressed, and myocyte number was recovered, and the alterations of genes expressions linked to cell cycle, proliferation, senescence, p53-apoptosis pathway and oxidant-antioxidants in the hearts of ApoE-/- mice were reversed after AST-IV treatment. The decreased ki67 and increased p16INK4a in the hearts of ApoE-/- mice were recovered after AST-IV treatment. The percentages of apoptotic myocytes and NOX4-positive cells in AST-IV treated mice were decreased, which were consistent with the gene expressions. Conclusion: AST-IV treatment could prevent cardiac remodeling and recover the impaired ventricular function induced by hypercholesterolemia. The beneficial effect of AST-IV might partly be through regulating cardiac homeostasis and anti-oxidative stress.

Apolipoprotein A-IV concentrations and clinical outcomes in haemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus--a post hoc analysis of the 4D Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Kollerits, B; Krane, V; Drechsler, C; Lamina, C; März, W; Ritz, E; Wanner, C; Kronenberg, F

2012-12-01

Apolipoprotein A-IV (apoA-IV) is an anti-atherogenic and anti-oxidative plasma glycoprotein involved in reverse cholesterol transport. The aim of this study was to examine the association between apoA-IV and all-cause mortality, cardiovascular endpoints and parameters of protein-energy wasting and nutrition in haemodialysis patients. This post hoc analysis was performed in the German Diabetes Dialysis Study (4D Study) evaluating atorvastatin in 1255 haemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, followed for a median of 4 years. The association between apoA-IV and relevant outcomes was analysed using Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. Body mass index (BMI) was used as a marker of protein-energy wasting. In addition, a definition of extended wasting was applied, combining median values of BMI, serum albumin, creatinine and sensitive C-reactive protein, to classify patients. Mean (±SD) apoA-IV concentration was 49.8 ± 14.2 mg dL(-1). Age- and gender-adjusted apoA-IV concentrations were strongly associated with the presence of congestive heart failure at baseline [odds ratio = 0.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.74-0.88 per 10 mg dL(-1) increase; P 1). During the prospective follow-up, the strongest association was found for all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.89, 95% CI 0.85-0.95, P = 0.001), which was mainly because of patients with BMI > 23 kg m(-2) (HR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.82-0.94, P 1) and those in the nonwasting group according to the extended definition (HR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.84-0.96, P = 0.001). This association remained significant after additionally adjusting for parameters associated with apoA-IV at baseline. Further associations were observed for sudden cardiac death. ApoA-IV was less strongly associated with atherogenic events such as myocardial infarction. Low apoA-IV levels seem to be a risk predictor of all-cause mortality and sudden cardiac death. This association might be modified by nutritional status. © 2012 The Association

Computerized axial tomography of the chest for visualization of ''absent'' pulmonary arteries

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sondheimer, H.M. (Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, NY); Oliphant, M.; Schneider, B.; Kavey, R.E.W.; Blackman, M.S.; Parker, F.B. Jr.

1982-05-01

To expand the search for central pulmonary arteries in six patients with absence of cardiac-pulmonary continuity, computerized axial tomography (CAT) of the chest was performed. The CAT scans were compared with previous arteriograms and pulmonary vein wedge angiograms. Three patients with type IV truncus arteriosus were studied, and none had a central, right or left pulmonary artery on CAT scan. However, two patients with tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia and a patent ductus arteriosus to the right lung demonstrated the presence of a left pulmonary artery. In addition, one child with truncus arteriosus with ''absent'' left pulmonary artery demonstrated a left pulmonary artery on the CAT scan. The CAT scan may therefore enhance our ability to search for disconnected pulmonary arteries in children with complex cyanotic congenital heart disease.

Persistent organochlorine pollutants and risk for skeletal fractures and impaired bone mineral density in humans. Results from the ''COMPARE'' project

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hagmar, L.; Wallin, E.; Joensson, B.A. [Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund (Sweden)

2004-09-15

Persistent organochlorine pollutants (POP) have, in animal studies, impaired normal bone metabolism and resulted in increased bone fragility. Especially considering the dramatical increase in osteoporotic fractures in western societies during the last decades, it is a pertinent question whether a high dietary intake of POP might pose a risk for deteriorated bone quality in humans. This problem has been assessed as a part of the collaborative project ''COMPARE'', funded by European Commission RD Life Science Program. As a study base we have used cohorts of Swedish fishermen's families. We have earlier shown that fishermen living at the east coast of Sweden, have a high consumption of contaminated fatty fish from the Baltic Sea and consequently relatively high exposure levels for various POPs, also compared with fishermen from the Swedish west coast. Such a discrepancy was also found for fishermen's wives. The aim of the project was to assess in epidemiological studies whether a high dietary intake of POP through fatty fish from the Baltic may result in an increased incidence of osteoporotic fractures or decreased bone mineral density (BMD). We give here an overview of the results.

Class I HDAC inhibition is a novel pathway for regulating astrocytic apoE secretion.

Science.gov (United States)

Dresselhaus, Erica; Duerr, James M; Vincent, Fabien; Sylvain, Emily K; Beyna, Mercedes; Lanyon, Lorraine F; LaChapelle, Erik; Pettersson, Martin; Bales, Kelly R; Ramaswamy, Gayathri

2018-01-01

Despite the important role of apolipoprotein E (apoE) secretion from astrocytes in brain lipid metabolism and the strong association of apoE4, one of the human apoE isoforms, with sporadic and late onset forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) little is known about the regulation of astrocytic apoE. Utilizing annotated chemical libraries and a phenotypic screening strategy that measured apoE secretion from a human astrocytoma cell line, inhibition of pan class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) was identified as a mechanism to increase apoE secretion. Knocking down select HDAC family members alone or in combination revealed that inhibition of the class I HDAC family was responsible for enhancing apoE secretion. Knocking down LXRα and LXRβ genes revealed that the increase in astrocytic apoE in response to HDAC inhibition occurred via an LXR-independent pathway. Collectively, these data suggest that pan class I HDAC inhibition is a novel pathway for regulating astrocytic apoE secretion.

Identification of the human ApoAV gene as a novel RORα target gene

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lind, Ulrika; Nilsson, Tina; McPheat, Jane; Stroemstedt, Per-Erik; Bamberg, Krister; Balendran, Clare; Kang, Daiwu

2005-01-01

Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor-α (RORα) (NR1F1) is an orphan nuclear receptor with a potential role in metabolism. Previous studies have shown that RORα regulates transcription of the murine Apolipoprotein AI gene and human Apolipoprotein CIII genes. In the present study, we present evidence that RORα also induces transcription of the human Apolipoprotein AV gene, a recently identified apolipoprotein associated with triglyceride levels. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of RORα increased the endogenous expression of ApoAV in HepG2 cells and RORα also enhanced the activity of an ApoAV promoter construct in transiently transfected HepG2 cells. Deletion and mutation studies identified three AGGTCA motifs in the ApoAV promoter that mediate RORα transactivation, one of which overlaps with a previously identified binding site for PPARα. Together, these results suggest a novel mechanism whereby RORα modulates lipid metabolism and implies RORα as a potential target for the treatment of dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis

Electromagnetic field effect simulation over a realistic pixel ed phantom human's brain

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rojas, R.; Calderon, J. A.; Rivera, T. [IPN, Centro de Investigacion en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada, Calz. Legaria No. 694, Col. Irrigacion, 11500 Mexico D. F. (Mexico); Azorin, J., E-mail: rafaelturing@prodigy.net.mx [Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, 09340 Mexico D. F. (Mexico)

2012-10-15

The exposition to different types of electromagnetic radiations can produce damages and injures on the people's tissues. The scientist, spend time and resources studying the effects of electromagnetic fields over the organs. Particularly in medical areas, the specialist in imaging methodologies and radiological treatment, are very worried about no injure there patient. Determination of matter radiation interaction, can be experimental or theoretical is not an easy task anyway. At first case, is not possible make measures inside the patient, then the experimental procedure consist in make measures in human's dummy, however, is not possible see deformations of electromagnetic fields due the organs presence. In the second case, is necessary solve, the Maxwell's equations with the electromagnetic field, crossing a lot of organs and tissues with different electric and magnetic properties each one. One alternative for theoretical solution, is make a computational simulation, however, this option, require an enormous quantity of memory and large computational times. Then, the most simulations are making in 2 dimensional or in 3 dimensional although using human models approximations, build ed with basic geometrical figures, like spheres, cylinders, ellipsoids, etc. Obviously this models just lets obtain a coarse solution of the actually situation. In this work, we propose a novel methodology to build a realistic pixel ed phantom of human's organs, and solve the Maxwell's equations over this models, evidently, the solutions are more approximated to the real behaviour. Additionally, there models results optimized when they are discretized and the finite element method is used to calculate the electromagnetic field and the induced currents. (Author)

Exposure to CB-153 and p,p'-DDE and human sperm chromatin integrity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rignell-Hydbom, A.; Rylander, L.; Joensson, B.A.G.; Hagmar, L. [Dept. of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund Univ. Hospital (Sweden); Giwercman, A. [Fertility Centre, Malmoe Univ. hospital (Sweden); Spano, M. [Section of Toxicology and Biomedical Sciences, ENEA Casaccia Research Centre, Rome (Italy)

2004-09-15

In Sweden, the consumption of fatty fish from the Baltic Sea (off the Swedish east coast) is the single most important source of exposure to persistent organochlorine pollutants (POPs). Fishermen from the east coast have averagely higher plasma levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and total POP derived TEQ in plasma than both west coast fishermen and men from the general population. Dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethene (p,p'-DDE), a relevant biomarker for POP is still present in relatively high serum concentrations in men consuming fish from the Baltic Sea. Several studies have shown that POPs are capable of interfering with reproductive and endocrine function in animals. Human studies have shown that exposure to PCBs and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) has a negative effect on male reproductive function, and especially sperm motility seems vulnerable. However, studies relating to human sperm genetic integrity are few. The aim of the study was to investigate whether exposure to POP using 2,2',4,4',5,5'- hexachlorobiphenyl (CB-153) and p,p'-DDE as biomarkers, are associated with sperm chromatin integrity. In order to ensure a sufficient variation in POP exposure fishermen from both the Swedish east (''more exposed'') and west coasts (''less exposed'') formed the study base.

New mono-organotin (IV) dithiocarbamate complexes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Muthalib, Amirah Faizah Abdul; Baba, Ibrahim [School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi (Malaysia)

2014-09-03

Eighteen new mono-organotin dithiocarbamate compounds derived each nine from methyltin(IV) and phenyltin(IV) reacted using in-situ method with various type of N-dialkylamine together with carbon disulphide with the ratio of 1:3:3. Elemental and gravimetric analysis showed that the general formula of these compounds were RSnCl[S{sub 2}CNR′R″]{sub 2} (R= Ph, CH{sub 3}, R′ = CH{sub 3}, C{sub 2}H{sub 5}, C{sub 7}H{sub 7} and R″ = C{sub 2}H{sub 5}, C{sub 6}H{sub 11}, iC{sub 3}H{sub 7}, C{sub 7}H{sub 7}). These compounds had been characterized by infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy, {sup 1}H, {sup 13}C NMR spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray crystallography. The infrared spectra of these compounds showed three important peaks indicating the formation of dithiocarbamate compounds, ν(Capos;Double-Bond' name='Double-Bond' value='Double-Bond'/>N), ν(Capos;Double-Bond' name='Double-Bond' value='Double-Bond'/>S) and ν(Sn-S) band which present in the region of 1444–1519, 954–1098 and 318–349 cm{sup −1} respectively. The ultraviolet-visible spectra showed an absorption band for the π - π* transition of Napos;Double-Bond' name='Double-Bond' value='Double-Bond'/>Capos;Double-Bond' name='Double-Bond' value='Double-Bond'/>S group in the range of 253 – 259 nm due to the intramolecular charge transfer of the ligand. The {sup 13}C NMR spectra showed an important shift for δ(N{sup 13}CS{sub 2}) in the range of 196.8 – 201.9 ppm.. Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies showed three new structures with the general formula of PhSnCl[S{sub 2}CN(Et)(i−Pr)]{sub 2}, MeSnCl[S{sub 2}CN(Me)(Cy)]{sub 2} and MeSnCl[S{sub 2}CN(i−Pr)(CH{sub 2}Ph)]{sub 2}. All structures having a distorted octahedral geometry set by CClS{sub 4} donor atom from the two

Uranium metalla-allenes with carbene imido R{sub 2}C=U{sup IV}=NR' units (R=Ph{sub 2}PNSiMe{sub 3}; R'=CPh{sub 3}): alkali-metal-mediated push-pull effects with an amido auxiliary

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lu, Erli; Tuna, Floriana; Kaltsoyannis, Nikolas; Liddle, Stephen T. [School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester (United Kingdom); Lewis, William [School of Chemistry, The University of Nottingham (United Kingdom)

2016-08-08

We report uranium(IV)-carbene-imido-amide metalla-allene complexes [U(BIPM{sup TMS})(NCPh{sub 3})(NHCPh{sub 3})(M)] (BIPM{sup TMS}=C(PPh{sub 2}NSiMe{sub 3}){sub 2}; M=Li or K) that can be described as R{sub 2}C=U=NR' push-pull metalla-allene units, as organometallic counterparts of the well-known push-pull organic allenes. The solid-state structures reveal that the R{sub 2}C=U=NR' units adopt highly unusual cis-arrangements, which are also reproduced by gas-phase theoretical studies conducted without the alkali metals to remove their potential structure-directing roles. Computational studies confirm the double-bond nature of the U=NR' and U=CR{sub 2} interactions, the latter increasingly attenuated by potassium then lithium when compared to the hypothetical alkali-metal-free anion. Combined experimental and theoretical data show that the push-pull effect induced by the alkali metal cations and amide auxiliary gives a fundamental and tunable structural influence over the C=U{sup IV}=N units. (copyright 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

'et' special: ''E-world of energy''; 'et'-special: ''E-world of energy''

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anon.

2001-02-01

The 'et' special on the conference 'E-world of energy', held from February 13 - 15, 2001 in Essen (Germany) presents contributions of experts who offer solutions to issues and many topical questions arising in the business of traders and utilities as participants of (international) energy markets at various stages of transition towards workable competition. The translated titles of the 15 contributions reproduced in this 'et' special indicate the major contents of the conference papers: 1. Internet-based wholesale power trading as a competitive option to the power exchange. 2. Forward graphs in European electricity markets. 3. Portfolio management in energy trading. 4. Risk management concepts in energy trading. 5. E-commerce as a driving force of a change in the energy markets. 6. eHuman resources management - a vital aspect of corporate success. 7. A brand policy for electricity? 8. Is it really only the price that counts for the customers? 9. The City Power network: an example of successful customer loyalty strategy for local and regional utilities. 10. The Call Center, an important instrument for customer loyalty programmes. 11. eCommerce or eLlusion? 12. eBusiness as a corporate strategy. 13. Meeting the challenges of increasing IT requirements. 14. IT solutions for transmission and distribution network management. 15. Target costing - pinpointed cost planning and control for the energy supply industry. (orig./CB) [German] In dem 'et'-Special zur Konferenz 'E-world of energy', die vom 13.- 15. Februar 2001 in Essen stattfand, bieten Experten Loesungsvorschlaege fuer die aktuellen Fragen und Probleme an, die sich auf dem Weg zu liberalisierten Energiemaerkten stellen. Die folgenden Titel der 15 Beitraege geben eine Uebersicht ueber den Inhalt der Konferenzbeitraege. Themen: 1. Internetbasierte Grosshandelsmaerkte als Konkurrenz zu Energieboersen 2. Forward-Kurven in europaeischen Strommaerkten 3

Photoluminescence of acupoint 'Waiqiu' in human superficial fascia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhang Yuan [Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Department of Physics, Surface Physics Laboratory (State Key Laboratory) of Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 (China); Yan Xiaohui [Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Department of Physics, Surface Physics Laboratory (State Key Laboratory) of Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 (China); Liu Chenglin [Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Department of Physics, Surface Physics Laboratory (State Key Laboratory) of Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 (China); Dang Ruishan [Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433 (China); Zhang Xinyi [Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Department of Physics, Surface Physics Laboratory (State Key Laboratory) of Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 (China) and Shanghai Research Center of Acupuncture and Meridian, Pudong, Shanghai 201203 (China)]. E-mail: xy-zhang@fudan.edu.cn

2006-07-15

The spectral characters of an acupuncture point named 'Waiqiu' in superficial fascia tissue have been studied by photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy under the excitation of 457.9 nm. The PL around 'Waiqiu' acupuncture point consists of two sub-bands resulting from the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and phospholipids, and the porphyrins (including purine, isoxanthopterin and tryptophan), respectively. More emission due to FAD and phospholipids is found inside the acupuncture effect area of 'Waiqiu' than its marginal or outside acupuncture regions. The ratio of emission intensity of FAD and phospholipids to one of porphyrins gradually decreases along the direction away from the center of the acupuncture point. It implies that the component proportion changes between FAD, phospholipids and porphyrins around the 'Waiqiu' acupuncture point. We suggest that there might be a certain relationship between redox function of FAD and 'Waiqiu' acupuncture effect.

Preparation of uranium-based oxide catalysts; Preparation de catalyseurs oxydes a base d'uranium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bressat, R. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1965-07-01

We have studied the thermal decomposition of uranyl and uranium IV oxalates as a mean of producing uranium dioxide. We have isolated the main intermediate phases of the decompositions and have indexed the lines of their X-ray diffraction patterns. The oxides produced by the decomposition are ill-defined and unstable: they strongly absorb atmospheric oxygen with modification of the composition and, in certain cases, of the structure (pyrophoric oxide). With a view to obtaining stable oxides, we have prepared mixed uranium-thorium oxalates. In order to prepare an oxalate having a homogeneous composition, it is necessary to adopt a well-defined preparation method: the addition of solutions of thorium and uranium IV nitrates to a continually saturated oxalic acid solution. The mixed oxide obtained from the thermal decomposition of an oxalate U{sub x}Th{sub 1-x}(C{sub 2}O{sub 4}){sub 2}, 2 H{sub 2}O at 500 C for 24 hours in a current of oxygen leads to a cubic structure which is well-defined both in the bulk and superficially when x is less than 0.35. Above this atomic concentration of uranium, some uranium moves out of the lattice in the form of UO{sub 3} or U{sub 3}O{sub 8} according to the temperature. The mixed oxide is not stoichiometric,(U{sub x}Th{sub 1-x}O{sub 2+y}) and the average degree of oxidation of the uranium varies with the temperature and partial oxygen pressure. The oxides thus formed have a high surface area. By dissolving the mixed oxalates in a concentrated solution of ammonium oxalate, it is possible to deposit the catalyst on a support, but the differences in the solubilities of the thorium and uranium IV oxalates in the ammonium oxalate make it impossible to prepare double salts formed either of thorium and uranium and of ammonium. (author) [French] Nous avons etudie la decomposition thermique des oxalates d'uranyle et d'uranium IV en vue d'aboutir au dioxide d'uranium. Nous avons pu isoler les principales phases

Identification of the human ApoAV gene as a novel ROR{alpha} target gene

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lind, Ulrika [Department of Molecular Pharmacology, AstraZeneca R and D Moelndal (Sweden); Nilsson, Tina [Department of Molecular Pharmacology, AstraZeneca R and D Moelndal (Sweden); McPheat, Jane [Department of Molecular Pharmacology, AstraZeneca R and D Moelndal (Sweden); Stroemstedt, Per-Erik [Department of Molecular Pharmacology, AstraZeneca R and D Moelndal (Sweden); Bamberg, Krister [Department of Molecular Pharmacology, AstraZeneca R and D Moelndal (Sweden); Balendran, Clare [Department of Molecular Pharmacology, AstraZeneca R and D Moelndal (Sweden); Kang, Daiwu [Department of Molecular Pharmacology, AstraZeneca R and D Moelndal (Sweden)

2005-04-29

Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor-{alpha} (ROR{alpha}) (NR1F1) is an orphan nuclear receptor with a potential role in metabolism. Previous studies have shown that ROR{alpha} regulates transcription of the murine Apolipoprotein AI gene and human Apolipoprotein CIII genes. In the present study, we present evidence that ROR{alpha} also induces transcription of the human Apolipoprotein AV gene, a recently identified apolipoprotein associated with triglyceride levels. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of ROR{alpha} increased the endogenous expression of ApoAV in HepG2 cells and ROR{alpha} also enhanced the activity of an ApoAV promoter construct in transiently transfected HepG2 cells. Deletion and mutation studies identified three AGGTCA motifs in the ApoAV promoter that mediate ROR{alpha} transactivation, one of which overlaps with a previously identified binding site for PPAR{alpha}. Together, these results suggest a novel mechanism whereby ROR{alpha} modulates lipid metabolism and implies ROR{alpha} as a potential target for the treatment of dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis.

In LDL receptor-deficient mice, catabolism of remnant lipoproteins requires a high level of apoE but is inhibited by excess apoE

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dijk, K.W. van; Vlijmen, B.J.M. van; Hof, H.B. van 't; Zee, A. van der; Santamarina-Fojo, S.; Berkel, T.J.C. van; Havekes, L.M.; Hofker, M.H.

1999-01-01

To investigate the quantitative requirement for apolipoprotein (apo) E in the clearance of lipoproteins via the non-low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor mediated pathway, human APOE was overexpressed at various levels in the livers of mice deficient for both the endogenous Apoe and Ldlr genes

MODERATE C IV ABSORBER SYSTEMS REQUIRE 10{sup 12} M{sub Sun} DARK MATTER HALOS AT z {approx} 2.3: A CROSS-CORRELATION STUDY OF C IV ABSORBER SYSTEMS AND QUASARS IN SDSS-III BOSS DR9

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vikas, Shailendra; Wood-Vasey, W. Michael [Pittsburgh Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology Center (PITT PACC), Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 (United States); Lundgren, Britt [Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511 (United States); Ross, Nicholas P. [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 92420 (United States); Myers, Adam D. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 (United States); AlSayyad, Yusra [Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 (United States); York, Donald G. [Department of Astronomy, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 (United States); Schneider, Donald P. [Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 (United States); Brinkmann, J.; Bizyaev, Dmitry; Brewington, Howard; Malanushenko, Elena; Malanushenko, Viktor; Oravetz, Daniel; Pan, Kaike; Snedden, Stephanie [Apache Point Observatory, P.O. Box 59, Sunspot, NM 88349-0059 (United States); Ge, Jian [Department of Astronomy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 (United States); Muna, Demitri [Center for Cosmology and Particle Physics, New York University, New York, NY 10003 (United States); Paris, Isabelle; Petitjean, Patrick, E-mail: skv4@pitt.edu [UPMC-CNRS, UMR7095, Institut d' Astrophysique de Paris, F-75014 Paris (France); and others

2013-05-01

We measure the two-point cross-correlation function of C IV absorber systems and quasars, using spectroscopic data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS; Data Release 9). The 19,701 quasars and 6149 C IV &apos;'moderate'&apos; absorbers, 0.28 A < rest-frame equivalent width (EW) < 5 A, in our study cover a redshift range of 2.1 < z < 2.5 over 3300 deg{sup 2} and represent a factor of two increase in sample size over previous investigations. We find a correlation scale length and slope of the redshift-space cross-correlation function of s{sub 0} = 8.46 {+-} 1.24 Mpc, {gamma} = 1.68 {+-} 0.19, in the redshift-space range 10 < s < 100 Mpc. We find a projected cross-correlation function of C IV absorption systems and quasars of r{sub 0} = 7.76 {+-} 2.80 Mpc, {gamma} = 1.74 {+-} 0.21. We measure the combined quasar and C IV bias to be b{sub QSO} b{sub C{sub IV}} = 8.81 {+-} 2.28. Using an estimate of b{sub QSO} from the quasar auto-correlation function we find b{sub CIV} = 2.38 {+-} 0.62. This b{sub CIV} implies that EW > 0.28 A C IV absorbers at z {approx} 2.3 are typically found in dark matter halos that have masses {>=}10{sup 11.3}-10{sup 13.4} M{sub Sun} at that redshift. The complete BOSS sample will triple the number of both quasars and absorption systems and increase the power of this cross-correlation measurement by a factor of two.

Development and deployment of a novel &apos;'yellow'&apos; demulsifier for the gullfaks &apos;'A'&apos; platform

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jackson, S.J.; Ingebrigtsen, T.; Breen, P.J.; Waage, J.; Thorstenson, T.; Melby, S.

2006-03-15

Oil producers are increasingly under pressure to produce their product in an environmentally sound manner. Releases to the environment are undesirable and, where permitted to make such releases, oil producers should minimise their environmental impact. The bulk of treatment chemicals designed to improve separation and provide clean water for disposal can themselves be harmful to the environment and must conform to very stringent rules to be considered environmentally acceptable, or &apos;'green'&apos;. Here we present data on the development of a green demulsifier for Statoil&apos;s Gullfaks &apos;'A'&apos; platform, which not only meets the very stringent regulations but also exhibits a significant improvement in product performance. While the&apos;&apos;bottle test&apos;&apos; remains the industry standard method for selecting demulsifiers, in recent years the &apos;&apos;mini trial&apos;&apos; method for product selection has gained favour. We describe using a combination of both methods for the development of the novel demulsifier technology described here. (Author) (tk)

Using the direct method in organophilization of clay chocolate &apos;A&apos; with organic surfactant; Utilizacao do metodo direto na organofilizacao da argila chocolate &apos;A&apos; com surfactante organico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Patricio, A.C.L.; Sousa, A.B.; Silva, M.M. da; Rodrigues, M.G.F.; Laborde, H.M., E-mail: cadigena@hotmail.com [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), PB (Brazil). Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologia. Unidade Academica de Engenharia Quimica

2012-07-01

During the development of this work, we studied the preparation of organoclays through direct method, starting from the natural clay Chocolate &apos;A&apos; using the quaternary ammonium salt, chloride, alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium (Dodigen). The samples were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Infrared Spectroscopy in the Region (IV), Gravimetric and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA / TGA) and swelling of Foster using solvents, gasoline, kerosene and diesel. Was observed by the results XRD, IR and DTA / TG effective intercalation of quaternary ammonium salts of the inter lamellar spaces of the clay, and by Foster swelling test samples treated with the quaternary ammonium salt Dodigen showed affinity for all the solvents tested. (author)

A new Job&apos;s tear cultivar &apos;'Hatohikari'&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ishida, M.; Chiba, I.; Kato, M.; Okuyama, Y.; Sugawara, S.; Tanosaki, S.; Shindo, K.; Ishikura, N.; Seki, K.; Endo, T.; Shibata, M.

1997-01-01

A new Job&apos;s tear cultivar &apos;'Hatohikari'&apos;, developed at the Tohoku National Agricultural Experiment Station, Morioka, Japan was registered as Norin No.2 Job&apos;s tear and released by Japan&apos;s Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in 1995. &apos;'Hatohikari'&apos; is a progeny from a gamma-ray radiated mutant of &apos;'Okayama-zairai'&apos; in 1980. &apos;'Okayama-zairai'&apos; shows high yield and good quality. However, its demerits are late maturity and long plant height. The major agronomic characteristics of the new cultivar &apos;'Hatohikari'&apos; are as follows: The maturity is earlier than that of &apos;&apos;Okayama0zairai&apos;&apos;, yielding ability is 38% higher than that of &apos;&apos;Okayama-zairai , the plant height is 30 cm shorter than that of &apos;'Okayama-zairai'&apos; and it is suitable for combine harvest. &apos;'Hatohikari'&apos; has large seeds with good quality for tea processing. Shattering is easy, and resistance to leaf blight is medium. &apos;'Hatohikari'&apos; is adaptable to middle mountain regions in chugoku district of Japan. This cultivar has been recommended in Hiroshima prefecture since 1995

Nordic Nuclear Materials Forum for Generation IV Reactors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anghel, C. (Studsvik Nuclear AB, Nykoeping (Sweden)); Penttilae, S. (Technical Research Centre of Finland, VTT (Finland))

2010-03-15

A network for material issues for Generation IV nuclear power has been initiated within the Nordic countries. The objectives of the Generation IV Nordic Nuclear Materials Forum (NOMAGE4) are to put the basis of a sustainable forum for Gen IV issues, especially focussing on fuels, cladding, structural materials and coolant interaction. Other issues include reactor physics, dynamics and diagnostics, core and fuel design. The present report summarizes the work performed during the year 2009. The efforts made include identification of organisations involved in Gen IV issues in the Nordic countries, update of the forum website, http://www.studsvik.se/GenerationIV, and investigation of capabilities for research within the area of Gen IV. Within the NOMAGE4 project a seminar on Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems has been organized during 15-16th of October 2009. The aim of the seminar was to provide a forum for exchange of information, discussion on future research needs and networking of experts on Generation IV reactor concepts. As an outcome of the NOMAGE4, a few collaboration project proposals have been prepared/planned in 2009. The network was welcomed by the European Commission and was mentioned as an exemplary network with representatives from industries, universities, power companies and research institutes. NOMAGE4 has been invited to participate to the &apos;European Energy Research Alliance, EERA, workshop for nuclear structural materials&apos; http://www.eera-set.eu/index.php?index=41 as external observers. Future plans include a new Nordic application for continuation of NOMAGE4 network. (author)

THE &apos;TWIN-CME&apos; SCENARIO AND LARGE SOLAR ENERGETIC PARTICLE EVENTS IN SOLAR CYCLE 23

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ding, Liuguan; Jiang, Yong [College of Math and Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210044 (China); Zhao, Lulu; Li, Gang, E-mail: gang.li@uah.edu [Department of Physics and CSPAR, University of Alabama in Huntsville, AL 35899 (United States)

2013-01-20

Energetic particles in large solar energetic particle (SEP) events are a major concern for space weather. Recently, Li et al. proposed a &apos;twin-CME&apos; scenario for ground-level events. Here we extend that study to large SEP events in solar cycle 23. Depending on whether preceding coronal mass ejections (CMEs) within 9 hr exist and whether ions >10 MeV nucleon{sup -1} exceed 10 pfu, we categorize fast CMEs with speed >900 km s{sup -1} and width >60 Degree-Sign from the western hemisphere source regions into four groups: groups I and II are &apos;twin&apos; and single CMEs that lead to large SEPs; groups III and IV are &apos;twin&apos; and single CMEs that do not lead to large SEPs. The major findings of this paper are: first, large SEP events tend to be &apos;twin-CME&apos; events. Of 59 western large SEP events in solar cycle 23, 43 are &apos;twin-CME&apos; (group I) events and 16 are single-CME (group II) events. Second, not all &apos;twin CMEs&apos; produced large SEPs: 28 twin CMEs did not produce large SEPs (group III events). Some of them produced excesses of particles up to a few MeV nucleon{sup -1}. Third, there were 39 single fast CMEs that did not produce SEPs (group IV events). Some of these also showed an excess of particles up to a few MeV nucleon{sup -1}. For all four groups of events, we perform statistical analyses on properties such as the angular width, the speed, the existence of accompanying metric type II radio bursts, and the associated flare class for the main CMEs and the preceding CMEs.

Improvement of Steam Generator Reliability for GEN-IV SFR

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Seong O; Kim Se Yun; Kim, Seok Hoon; Eoh, Jae Hyuk; Lee, Hyeong Yeon; Choi, Byung Seon

2005-11-15

The R and D items performed in this study were selected from the R and D task of &apos; Reliability improvement of Steam Generator&apos; of GEN-IV SFR Component Design and BOP. Since this project deals with one of the most important issues for a GEN-IV SFR system, it needs to enhance the domestic technical backgrounds associated with the corresponding R and D items even for a very short period by 2005. This study provides the R and D results for i) Development of assessment methodology for dissimilar metal weld and ii) Development of multi-dimensional simulation methodology for a SWR event in a SFR steam generator.

MCF-7 human mammary adenocarcinoma cells exhibit augmented responses to human insulin on a collagen IV surface

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Listov-Saabye, Nicolai; Jensen, Marianne Blirup; Kiehr, Benedicte

2009-01-01

Human mammary cell lines are extensively used for preclinical safety assessment of insulin analogs. However, it is essentially unknown how mitogenic responses can be optimized in mammary cell-based systems. We developed an insulin mitogenicity assay in MCF-7 human mammary adenocarcinoma cells......, under low serum (0.1% FCS) and phenol red-free conditions, with 3H thymidine incorporation as endpoint. Based on EC50 values determined from 10-fold dilution series, beta-estradiol was the most potent mitogen, followed by human IGF-1, human AspB10 insulin and native human insulin. AspB10 insulin...... was significantly more mitogenic than native insulin, validating the ability of the assay to identify hypermitogenic human insulin analogs. With MCF-7 cells on a collagen IV surface, the ranking of mitogens was maintained, but fold mitogenic responses and dynamic range and steepness of dose-response curves were...

Serum amyloid A is found on ApoB-containing lipoproteins in obese humans with diabetes.

Science.gov (United States)

Jahangiri, Anisa; Wilson, Patricia G; Hou, Tianfei; Brown, Aparna; King, Victoria L; Tannock, Lisa R

2013-05-01

In murine models of obesity/diabetes, there is an increase in plasma serum amyloid A (SAA) levels along with redistribution of SAA from high-density lipoprotein (HDL) to apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoprotein particles, namely, low-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein. The goal of this study was to determine if obesity is associated with similar SAA lipoprotein redistribution in humans. Three groups of obese individuals were recruited from a weight loss clinic: healthy obese (n = 14), metabolic syndrome (MetS) obese (n = 8), and obese with type 2 diabetes (n = 6). Plasma was separated into lipoprotein fractions by fast protein liquid chromatography, and SAA was measured in lipid fractions using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting. Only the obese diabetic group had SAA detectable in apoB-containing lipoproteins, and SAA reverted back to HDL with active weight loss. In human subjects, SAA is found in apoB-containing lipoprotein particles only in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes, but not in healthy obese or obese subjects with MetS. Copyright © 2012 The Obesity Society.

Microchemical and structural regular variability of apatites in &apos;overbuilt&apos; enamel and dentin of human molar teeth

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kuczumow, A., E-mail: kuczon@kul.lublin.pl [Department of Chemistry, Lublin Catholic University, 20-718 Lublin (Poland); Nowak, J. [Department of Chemistry, Lublin Catholic University, 20-718 Lublin (Poland); ChaLas, R. [Department of Conservative Medicine, Lublin Medical University, 20-081 Lublin (Poland)

2011-10-15

The aim of a recent paper was to recognize the chemical and structural changes in apatites, which form both the enamel and the dentin of the human tooth. The aim was achieved by scrutinizing the linear elemental profiles along the cross-sections of human molar teeth. Essentially, the task was accomplished with the application of the Electron Probe Microanalysis method and with some additional studies by Micro-Raman spectrometry. All the trends in linear profiles were strictly determined. In the enamel zone they were either increasing or decreasing curves of exponential character. The direction of the investigations was to start with the tooth surface and move towards the dentin-enamel junction (DEJ). The results of the elemental studies were more visible when the detected material was divided, in an arbitrary way, into the prevailing &apos;core&apos; enamel ({approx}93.5% of the total mass) and the remaining &apos;overbuilt&apos; enamel. The material in the &apos;core&apos; enamel was fully stable, with clearly determined chemical and mechanical features. However, the case was totally different in the &apos;overbuilt enamel&apos;, with dynamic changes in the composition. In the &apos;overbuilt&apos; layer Ca, P, Cl and F profiles present the decaying distribution curves, whereas Mg, Na, K and CO{sub 3}{sup 2-} present the growing ones. Close to the surface of the tooth the mixture of hydroxy-, chlor- and fluor-apatite is formed, which is much more resistant than the rest of the enamel. On passing towards the DEJ, the apatite is enriched with Na, Mg and CO{sub 3}{sup 2-}. In this location, three of six phosphate groups were substituted with carbonate groups. Simultaneously, Mg is associated with the hydroxyl groups around the hexad axis. In this way, the mechanisms of exchange reactions were established. The crystallographic structures were proposed for new phases located close to DEJ. In the dentin zone, the variability of elemental profiles looks different, with

A Study on the Planning of Technology Development and Research for Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chang, Moon Hee; Kim, H. R.; Kim, H. J. and others

2005-08-15

This study aimed at the planning the domestic technology development of the Gen IV and the formulating the international collaborative project contents and executive plan for &apos;A Validity Assessment and Policies of the R and D of Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems&apos;. The results of the study include follows; - Survey of the technology state in the fields of the Gen IV system specific technologies and the common technologies, and the plans of the international collaborative research - Drawing up the executive research and development plan by the experts of the relevant technology field for the systems which Korean will participate in. - Formulating the effective conduction plan of the program reflecting the view of the experts from the industry, the university and the research institute. - Establishing the plan for estimation of the research fund and the manpower for the efficient utilization of the domestic available resources. This study can be useful material for evaluating the appropriateness of the Korea&apos;s participation in the international collaborative development of the Gen IV, and can be valuably utilized to establish the strategy for the effective conduction of the program. The executive plan of the research and development which was produced in this study will be used to the basic materials for the establishing the guiding direction and the strategic conduction of the program when the research and development is launched in the future.

3&apos;,8&apos;&apos;-biisokaempferide, a cytotoxic biflavonoid and other chemical constituents of Nanuza plicata (Velloziaceae)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pinto, Meri Emili F.; Silva, Marcelo Sobral da; Barbosa Filho, Jose Maria; Castello-Branco, Marianna Vieira S.; Agra, Maria de Fatima; Tavares, Josean Fechine, E-mail: marcelosobral@ltf.ufpb.b [Universidade Federal da Paraiba (UFPB), Joao Pessoa, PB (Brazil). Lab. de Tecnologia Farmaceutica; Schindler, Elisabete; El-Bacha, Ramon dos Santos [Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA (Brazil). Inst. de Ciencias da Saude. Lab. de Neuroquimica e Biologia Celular

2010-07-01

A novel biflavonoid, named 3&apos;,8&apos;&apos;-biisokaempferide (1), along with the known compounds amentoflavone (2), patagonic acid (3), (4aR,5S,6R,8aR)-5-[2-(2,5-Dihydro-5-methoxy-2-oxofuran- 3-yl)ethyl]-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-5,6,8a- trimethylnaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid (4), 5-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (5), 3,5-di-caffeoylquinic acid (6) and luteolin (7), were isolated of the leaves from Nanuza plicata. The compounds 3, 4, 5 and 6 are reported for the first time in Velloziaceae. The structures of the compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods, especially NMR and MS analyses. The cytotoxicity of 3&apos;,8&apos;&apos;-biisokaempferide was studied in cultures of human glioblastoma GL-15 cells. The effective concentration, which killed 50 % of cells after 72 h was 36.5 {mu}mol L{sup -1}. Changes in cellular morphology, including retraction and degradation of cytoplasm, were observed when cells were treated with concentrations from 20 {mu}mol L-1 of 3&apos;,8&apos;&apos;-biisokaempferide for 72 h. (author)

The Effect of a High-Fat Diet on Brain Plasticity, Inflammation and Cognition in Female ApoE4-Knockin and ApoE-Knockout Mice.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carola I F Janssen

Full Text Available Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4, one of three common isoforms of ApoE, is a major risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer disease (AD. ApoE-deficient mice, as well as mice expressing human ApoE4, display impaired learning and memory functions and signs of neurodegeneration. Moreover, ApoE protects against high-fat (HF diet induced neurodegeneration by its role in the maintenance of the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. The influence of a HF diet on the progression of AD-like cognitive and neuropathological changes was assessed in wild-type (WT, human ApoE4 and ApoE-knockout (ApoE-/- mice to evaluate the modulatory role of ApoE in this process. From 12 months of age, female WT, ApoE4, and ApoE-/- mice were fed either a standard or a HF diet (19% butter, 0.5% cholate, 1.25% cholesterol throughout life. At 15 months of age mice performed the Morris water maze, evaluating spatial learning and memory. ApoE-/- showed increased spatial learning compared to WT mice (p = 0.009. HF diet improved spatial learning in WT mice (p = 0.045, but did not affect ApoE4 and ApoE-/- mice. Immunohistochemical analyses of the hippocampus demonstrated increased neuroinflammation (CD68 in the cornu ammonis 1 (CA1 region in ApoE4 (p = 0.001 and in ApoE-/- (p = 0.032 mice on standard diet. HF diet tended to increase CD68 in the CA1 in WT mice (p = 0.052, while it decreased in ApoE4 (p = 0.009, but ApoE-/- remained unaffected. A trend towards increased neurogenesis (DCX was found in both ApoE4 (p = 0.052 and ApoE-/- mice (p = 0.068. In conclusion, these data suggest that HF intake induces different effects in WT mice compared to ApoE4 and ApoE-/- with respect to markers for cognition and neurodegeneration. We propose that HF intake inhibits the compensatory mechanisms of neuroinflammation and neurogenesis in aged female ApoE4 and ApoE-/- mice.

&apos;On the Uses and Disadvantages of History&apos; for Radioactive Waste Management

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Laes, Erik (Flemish Inst. for Technological Research (VITO)/Univ. of Antwerp, Div. Transition Energy and Environment, Mol (Belgium)), e-mail: erik.laes@vito.be; Schroeder, Jantine (Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK-CEN), Society and Policy Support unit, Mol (Belgium))

2010-09-15

In this paper we propose a critical investigation of the founding assumptions for the legitimacy of the (internationally accepted) geological disposal option through a reading of Nietzsche&apos;s second untimely meditation &apos;On the uses and disadvantages of history for life&apos;. In particular, we propose an interpretation of some of the central concepts in this text - History, the present, discourses and attitudes towards the past, etc. - and investigates in particular the effects of the confrontation between the Nietzschean concept of &apos;active forgetting&apos; and present practices in the management of medium- and high-level long-lived radioactive waste (cat. B and C). Furthermore, we argue that this untimely meditation comes at a timely moment, i.e. at a time when modernity&apos;s way of dealing with waste could be undergoing a major transformation. The paper ends with some reflections on our nuclear inheritance and its link with nuclear power of the future (Gen IV) inspired by Nietzsche

Using the direct method in organophilization of clay chocolate &apos;A&apos; with organic surfactant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Patricio, A.C.L.; Sousa, A.B.; Silva, M.M. da; Rodrigues, M.G.F.; Laborde, H.M.

2012-01-01

During the development of this work, we studied the preparation of organoclays through direct method, starting from the natural clay Chocolate &apos;A&apos; using the quaternary ammonium salt, chloride, alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium (Dodigen). The samples were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Infrared Spectroscopy in the Region (IV), Gravimetric and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA / TGA) and swelling of Foster using solvents, gasoline, kerosene and diesel. Was observed by the results XRD, IR and DTA / TG effective intercalation of quaternary ammonium salts of the inter lamellar spaces of the clay, and by Foster swelling test samples treated with the quaternary ammonium salt Dodigen showed affinity for all the solvents tested. (author)

Advanced Computational Materials Science: Application to Fusion and Generation IV Fission Reactors (Workshop Report)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stoller, RE

2004-07-15

The &apos;&apos;Workshop on Advanced Computational Materials Science: Application to Fusion and Generation IV Fission Reactors&apos;&apos; was convened to determine the degree to which an increased effort in modeling and simulation could help bridge the gap between the data that is needed to support the implementation of these advanced nuclear technologies and the data that can be obtained in available experimental facilities. The need to develop materials capable of performing in the severe operating environments expected in fusion and fission (Generation IV) reactors represents a significant challenge in materials science. There is a range of potential Gen-IV fission reactor design concepts and each concept has its own unique demands. Improved economic performance is a major goal of the Gen-IV designs. As a result, most designs call for significantly higher operating temperatures than the current generation of LWRs to obtain higher thermal efficiency. In many cases, the desired operating temperatures rule out the use of the structural alloys employed today. The very high operating temperature (up to 1000 C) associated with the NGNP is a prime example of an attractive new system that will require the development of new structural materials. Fusion power plants represent an even greater challenge to structural materials development and application. The operating temperatures, neutron exposure levels and thermo-mechanical stresses are comparable to or greater than those for proposed Gen-IV fission reactors. In addition, the transmutation products created in the structural materials by the high energy neutrons produced in the DT plasma can profoundly influence the microstructural evolution and mechanical behavior of these materials. Although the workshop addressed issues relevant to both Gen-IV and fusion reactor materials, much of the discussion focused on fusion; the same focus is reflected in this report. Most of the physical models and computational methods

Meeting of the Task Force &apos;Information Systems in Soil Science&apos;, Freising-Weihenstephan, March 20-21, 1986. - Joint meeting of the Commissions V and VI, Osnabrueck, February 17-18, 1987. - Joint meeting of the Commissions I and IV, Bayreuth, April 23-24, 1987. Papers. Treffen der Arbeitsgruppe Informationssysteme in der Bodenkunde, 20. und 21. Maerz 1986, Freising-Weihenstephan. - Gemeinsame Sitzung der Kommissionen V und VI, 17. und 18. Februar 1987, Osnabrueck. - Gemeinsame Sitzung der Kommissionen I und IV, 23. und 24. April 1987, Bayreuth. Referate

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1987-01-01

This volume contains 9 contributions of the Task Force &apos;Information Systems in Soil Science&apos; (meeting at Freising-Weihenstephan from March 20-21, 1986), 49 papers of Commissions V and VI (meeting at Osnabrueck from February 17-18, 1987), and 17 papers of Commissions I and IV (meeting at Bayreuth from April 23-24, 1987). From the subject areas &apos;Heavy Metal Pollution of Soils&apos; and &apos;Land Revegetation after Construction of District Heat Pipelines&apos;, six contributions have been separately recorded in the ENERGY data base.

Circulating ApoJ is closely associated with insulin resistance in human subjects.

Science.gov (United States)

Seo, Ji A; Kang, Min-Cheol; Ciaraldi, Theodore P; Kim, Sang Soo; Park, Kyong Soo; Choe, Charles; Hwang, Won Min; Lim, Dong Mee; Farr, Olivia; Mantzoros, Christos; Henry, Robert R; Kim, Young-Bum

2018-01-01

Insulin resistance is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes. ApolipoproteinJ (ApoJ) has been implicated in altered pathophysiologic states including cardiovascular and Alzheimer's disease. However, the function of ApoJ in regulation of glucose homeostasis remains unclear. This study sought to determine whether serum ApoJ levels are associated with insulin resistance in human subjects and if they change after interventions that improve insulin sensitivity. Serum ApoJ levels and insulin resistance status were assessed in nondiabetic (ND) and type 2 diabetic (T2D) subjects. The impacts of rosiglitazone or metformin therapy on serum ApoJ levels and glucose disposal rate (GDR) during a hyperinsulinemic/euglycemic clamp were evaluated in a separate cohort of T2D subjects. Total ApoJ protein or that associated with the HDL and LDL fractions was measured by immunoblotting or ELISA. Fasting serum ApoJ levels were greatly elevated in T2D subjects (ND vs T2D; 100±8.3 vs. 150.6±8.5AU, Pinsulin, HOMA-IR, and BMI. ApoJ levels were significantly and independently associated with HOMA-IR, even after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. Rosiglitazone treatment in T2D subjects resulted in a reduction in serum ApoJ levels (before vs. after treatment; 100±13.9 vs. 77±15.2AU, P=0.015), whereas metformin had no effect on ApoJ levels. The change in ApoJ levels during treatment was inversely associated with the change in GDR. Interestingly, ApoJ content in the LDL fraction was inversely associated with HOMA-IR. Serum ApoJ levels are closely correlated with the magnitude of insulin resistance regardless of obesity, and decrease along with improvement of insulin resistance in response only to rosiglitazone in type 2 diabetes. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Streptococcus agalactiae Serotype IV in Humans and Cattle, Northern Europe

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lyhs, Ulrike; Kulkas, Laura; Katholm, Jorgen

2016-01-01

not differentiate between populations isolated from different host species. Isolates from humans and cattle differed in lactose fermentation, which is encoded on the accessory genome and represents an adaptation to the bovine mammary gland. Serotype IV-ST196 isolates were obtained from multiple dairy herds in both...

Spectroscopic studies on Titanium ion binding to the apo lactoferrin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moshtaghie, A.A.; Ani, M.; Arabi, M.H.

2006-01-01

Titanium is a relatively abundant element that has found growing applications in medical science and recently some of Titanium compounds are introduced as anticancer drugs. In spite of very limited data which exist on the Titanium metabolism, some proteins might be involved in the mechanism of action of Titanium up to our knowledge, there is not any report in the literature concerning binding of Titanium to apo lactoferrin. Binding of apo lactoferrin with Ti(IV)-citrate was studied by spectroflourimeterey and spectrophotometery techniques under physiological conditions. The spectroflourimeteric studies revealed a significant fluorescence quenching, that indicated binding of apo lactoferrin with Ti(IV). The same reaction was monitored through spectrophotometry technique; this represents a characteristic UV difference band at 267 nm, which is different from lac-Fe (III). Titration studies how that lactoferrin specifically binds two moles Ti(IV) as complex with citrate per mol protein. Spectroflourimeterey and spectrophotometery techniques indicated that Ti(IV) ions cause a reduction (13%-14%) in binding of Fe(III) to lactoferrin. In overall, we may come to this conclusion that this element might be involved in the iron metabolism

How Can We Assess and Evaluate the Competitive Advantage of a Country&apos;s Human Resource Development System?

Science.gov (United States)

Oh, Hunseok; Ryu, Hyue-Hyun; Choi, Myungweon

2013-01-01

The purpose of this study was to develop an index to assess and evaluate the competitive advantage of a country&apos;s human resource development system. Based on an extensive literature review, a theoretical model of a human resource development system at the national level (named National Human Resource Development: NHRD) was constructed. The…

The inherited basis of human radiosensitivity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gatti, R.A. [Univ. of California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (United States). Experimental Pathology

2001-11-01

Certain individuals cannot tolerate &apos;conventional&apos; doses of radiation therapy. This is known to be true of patients with ataxia-telangiectasia and ligase IV deficiency. Although in vitro testing may not correlate completely with clinical radiosensitivity, fibroblasts and lymphoblasts from patients with both of these disorders have been clearly shown to be radiosensitive. Using a colony survival assay (CSA) to test lymphoblastoid cells after irradiation with 1 Gy, a variety of other genetic disorders have been identified as strong candidates for clinical radiosensitivity, such as Nijmegen breakage syndrome, Mre11 deficiency, and Fanconi&apos;s anemia. These data are presented and considered as a starting-point for the inherited basis of human radiosensitivity.

Uptake by J774 macrophages of very-low-density lipoproteins isolated from apoE-deficient mice is mediated by a distinct receptor and stimulated by lipoprotein lipase

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hendriks, W.L.; Sman van der - Beer, F. de; Vlijmen, B.J.M. van; Vark, L.C. van; Hofker, M.H.; Havekes, L.M.

1997-01-01

Apolipoprotein (apo) E-deficient mice display marked accumulation in the plasma of VLDL deficient in both apoE and apoBl00 but containing apoB48, apoA-1, apoCs, and apoA-IV. Since apoE-deficient mice develop severe atherosclerotic lesions with lipid-laden macrophages, we reasoned that the uptake of

Modcomp MAX IV System Processors reference guide

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cummings, J.

1990-10-01

A user almost always faces a big problem when having to learn to use a new computer system. The information necessary to use the system is often scattered throughout many different manuals. The user also faces the problem of extracting the information really needed from each manual. Very few computer vendors supply a single Users Guide or even a manual to help the new user locate the necessary manuals. Modcomp is no exception to this, Modcomp MAX IV requires that the user be familiar with the system file usage which adds to the problem. At General Atomics there is an ever increasing need for new users to learn how to use the Modcomp computers. This paper was written to provide a condensed Users Reference Guide&apos;&apos; for Modcomp computer users. This manual should be of value not only to new users but any users that are not Modcomp computer systems experts. This Users Reference Guide&apos;&apos; is intended to provided the basic information for the use of the various Modcomp System Processors necessary to, create, compile, link-edit, and catalog a program. Only the information necessary to provide the user with a basic understanding of the Systems Processors is included. This document provides enough information for the majority of programmers to use the Modcomp computers without having to refer to any other manuals. A lot of emphasis has been placed on the file description and usage for each of the System Processors. This allows the user to understand how Modcomp MAX IV does things rather than just learning the system commands.

DNA Delivery and Genomic Integration into Mammalian Target Cells through Type IV A and B Secretion Systems of Human Pathogens

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dolores L. Guzmán-Herrador

2017-08-01

Full Text Available We explore the potential of bacterial secretion systems as tools for genomic modification of human cells. We previously showed that foreign DNA can be introduced into human cells through the Type IV A secretion system of the human pathogen Bartonella henselae. Moreover, the DNA is delivered covalently attached to the conjugative relaxase TrwC, which promotes its integration into the recipient genome. In this work, we report that this tool can be adapted to other target cells by using different relaxases and secretion systems. The promiscuous relaxase MobA from plasmid RSF1010 can be used to deliver DNA into human cells with higher efficiency than TrwC. MobA also promotes DNA integration, albeit at lower rates than TrwC. Notably, we report that DNA transfer to human cells can also take place through the Type IV secretion system of two intracellular human pathogens, Legionella pneumophila and Coxiella burnetii, which code for a distantly related Dot/Icm Type IV B secretion system. This suggests that DNA transfer could be an intrinsic ability of this family of secretion systems, expanding the range of target human cells. Further analysis of the DNA transfer process showed that recruitment of MobA by Dot/Icm was dependent on the IcmSW chaperone, which may explain the higher DNA transfer rates obtained. Finally, we observed that the presence of MobA negatively affected the intracellular replication of C. burnetii, suggesting an interference with Dot/Icm translocation of virulence factors.

Human luteinized granulosa cells secrete apoB100-containing lipoproteins

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Gautier, Thomas; Becker, Steffi; Drouineaud, Veronique; Menetrier, Franck; Sagot, Paul; Nofer, Jerzy-Roch; von Otte, Soeren; Lagrost, Laurent; Masson, David; Tietge, Uwe J. F.

Thus far, liver, intestine, heart, and placenta have been shown to secrete apolipoprotein (apo) B-containing lipoproteins. In the present study, we first investigated lipoproteins in human follicular fluid (FF), surrounding developing oocytes within the ovary, as well as in corresponding plasma

Pharmaceutical induction of ApoE secretion by multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Whitney Mandolin J

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Apolipoprotein E (ApoE is a molecular scavenger in the blood and brain. Aberrant function of the molecule causes formation of protein and lipid deposits or "plaques" that characterize Alzheimer's disease (AD and atherosclerosis. There are three human isoforms of ApoE designated ε2, ε3, and ε4. Each isoform differentially affects the structure and function of the protein and thus the development of disease. Homozygosity for ApoE ε4 is associated with atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease whereas ApoE ε2 and ε3 tend to be protective. Furthermore, the ε2 form may cause forms of hyperlipoproteinemia. Therefore, introduction of ApoE ε3 may be beneficial to patients that are susceptible to or suffering from these diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells or multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs are adult progenitor cells found in numerous tissues. They are easily expanded in culture and engraft into host tissues when administered appropriately. Furthermore, MSCs are immunosuppressive and have been reported to engraft as allogeneic transplants. In our previous study, mouse MSCs (mMSCs were implanted into the brains of ApoE null mice, resulting in production of small amounts of ApoE in the brain and attenuation of cognitive deficits. Therefore human MSCs (hMSCs are a promising vector for the administration of ApoE ε3 in humans. Results Unlike mMSCs, hMSCs were found not to express ApoE in culture; therefore a molecular screen was performed for compounds that induce expression. PPARγ agonists, neural stem cell conditioned medium, osteo-inductive media, dexamethasone, and adipo-inductive media (AIM were tested. Of the conditions tested, only AIM or dexamethasone induced sustained secretion of ApoE in MSCs and the duration of secretion was only limited by the length of time MSCs could be sustained in culture. Upon withdrawal of the inductive stimuli, the ApoE secretion persisted for a further 14 days. Conclusion The data

Differentiation of grade II/III and grade IV glioma by combining &apos;&apos;T1 contrast-enhanced brain perfusion imaging&apos;&apos; and susceptibility-weighted quantitative imaging

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saini, Jitender; Gupta, Pradeep Kumar; Gupta, Rakesh Kumar; Sahoo, Prativa; Singh, Anup; Patir, Rana; Ahlawat, Suneeta; Beniwal, Manish; Thennarasu, K.; Santosh, Vani

2018-01-01

MRI is a useful method for discriminating low- and high-grade glioma using perfusion MRI and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of T1-perfusion MRI and SWI in discriminating among grade II, III, and IV gliomas. T1-perfusion MRI was used to measure relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) in 129 patients with glioma (70 grade IV, 33 grade III, and 26 grade II tumors). SWI was also used to measure the intratumoral susceptibility signal intensity (ITSS) scores for each tumor in these patients. rCBV and ITSS values were compared to seek differences between grade II vs. grade III, grade III vs. grade IV, and grade III+II vs. grade IV tumors. Significant differences in rCBV values of the three grades of the tumors were noted and pairwise comparisons showed significantly higher rCBV values in grade IV tumors as compared to grade III tumors, and similarly increased rCBV was seen in the grade III tumors as compared to grade II tumors (p < 0.001). Grade IV gliomas showed significantly higher ITSS scores on SWI as compared to grade III tumors (p < 0.001) whereas insignificant difference was seen on comparing ITSS scores of grade III with grade II tumors. Combining the rCBV and ITSS resulted in significant improvement in the discrimination of grade III from grade IV tumors. The combination of rCBV values derived from T1-perfusion MRI and SWI derived ITSS scores improves the diagnostic accuracy for discrimination of grade III from grade IV gliomas. (orig.)

Differentiation of grade II/III and grade IV glioma by combining &apos;&apos;T1 contrast-enhanced brain perfusion imaging&apos;&apos; and susceptibility-weighted quantitative imaging

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saini, Jitender [National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, Bangalore (India); Gupta, Pradeep Kumar; Gupta, Rakesh Kumar [Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Department of Radiology and Imaging, Gurugram (India); Sahoo, Prativa [Philips Health System, Philips India Limited, Bangalore (India); Beckman Research Institute, Mathematical Oncology, Duarte, CA (United States); Singh, Anup [Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Delhi (India); Patir, Rana [Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Gurugram (India); Ahlawat, Suneeta [Fortis Memorial Research Institute, SRL Diagnostics, Gurugram (India); Beniwal, Manish [National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Department of Neurosurgery, Bangalore (India); Thennarasu, K. [National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Department of Biostatistics, Bangalore (India); Santosh, Vani [National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Department of Neuropathology, Bangalore (India)

2018-01-15

MRI is a useful method for discriminating low- and high-grade glioma using perfusion MRI and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of T1-perfusion MRI and SWI in discriminating among grade II, III, and IV gliomas. T1-perfusion MRI was used to measure relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) in 129 patients with glioma (70 grade IV, 33 grade III, and 26 grade II tumors). SWI was also used to measure the intratumoral susceptibility signal intensity (ITSS) scores for each tumor in these patients. rCBV and ITSS values were compared to seek differences between grade II vs. grade III, grade III vs. grade IV, and grade III+II vs. grade IV tumors. Significant differences in rCBV values of the three grades of the tumors were noted and pairwise comparisons showed significantly higher rCBV values in grade IV tumors as compared to grade III tumors, and similarly increased rCBV was seen in the grade III tumors as compared to grade II tumors (p < 0.001). Grade IV gliomas showed significantly higher ITSS scores on SWI as compared to grade III tumors (p < 0.001) whereas insignificant difference was seen on comparing ITSS scores of grade III with grade II tumors. Combining the rCBV and ITSS resulted in significant improvement in the discrimination of grade III from grade IV tumors. The combination of rCBV values derived from T1-perfusion MRI and SWI derived ITSS scores improves the diagnostic accuracy for discrimination of grade III from grade IV gliomas. (orig.)

A murine monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody detects a common idiotope on human, mouse and rabbit antibodies to allergen Lol p IV.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhou, E M; Dzuba-Fischer, J M; Rector, E S; Sehon, A H; Kisil, F T

1991-09-01

A syngeneic mouse monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody (anti-Id), designated as B1/1, was generated against a monoclonal antibody (MoAb 91) specific for Ryegrass pollen allergen Lol p IV. This anti-Id recognized an idiotope (Id) that was also present on other monoclonal antibodies with the same specificity as MoAb 91. Observations that (i) the anti-Id inhibited the binding of MoAb 91 to Lol p IV and (ii) the Id-anti-Id interaction could be inhibited by Lol p IV indicated that the Id was located within or near the antigen combining site. These properties served to characterize B1/1 as an internal image anti-Id. Evidence that an immune response in different species to Lol p IV elicits the formation of antibodies which express a common Id was provided by the observations that (i) the Id-anti-Id interactions could be inhibited by mouse, human and rabbit antisera to Lol p IV and (ii) the binding of these antisera to Lol p IV could be inhibited by the anti-Id. Interestingly, the internal image anti-Id B1/1 also recognized an Id on a monoclonal antibody which was directed to an epitope of Lol p IV, different from that recognized by MoAb 91.

A new soybean variety &apos;'Ichihime'&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hajika, M.; Takahashi, M.; Igita, K.; Sakai, S.; Nakazawa, Y.

2002-01-01

Ichihime, a new soybean variety registered as &apos;&apos;Soybean Norin 103&apos;&apos;, was developed at Kyushu National Agricultural Experiment Station in 1995. It was selected from the progeny induced by a cross between Kankei 2 and Kankei 1 using gamma-ray irradiation. &apos;'Ichihime'&apos; is a medium-early maturing variety with determinate growth. It has broad leaflets, and purple flowers. The color of its pubescence is light tawny and its pods are dark brown. The main stem length, number of main stem nodes, and seed size are medium. It has strong resistance to the soybean mosaic virus (SMV), medium resistance to the soybean cyst nematode, and medium resistance to purple seed stain. The yield of Ichihime is slightly lower than Suzuyutaka, but classified as medium. The protein components of its seeds are medium and the firmness of the tofu (soybean curd) is the same as that of Suzuyutaka. Ichihime lacks all seed lipoxygenase isozymes and is recommended for new type of soybean food processing materials. Ichihime is suitable for growth in the southern part of the Tohoku area and the northern part of the Kanto area

Evidence for a complex relationship between apoA-V and apoC-III in patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Schaap, Frank G.; Nierman, Melchior C.; Berbée, Jimmy F. P.; Hattori, Hiroaki; Talmud, Philippa J.; Vaessen, Stefan F. C.; Rensen, Patrick C. N.; Chamuleau, Robert A. F. M.; Kuivenhoven, Jan Albert; Groen, Albert K.

2006-01-01

The relevance of apolipoprotein A-V (apoA-V) for human lipid homeostasis is underscored by genetic association studies and the identification of truncation-causing mutations in the APOA5 gene as a cause of type V hyperlipidemia, compatible with an LPL-activating role of apoA-V. An inverse

GEN IV: Carbide Fuel Elaboration for the &apos;Futurix Concepts&apos; experiment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vaudez, Stephane; Riglet-Martial, Chantal; Paret, Laurent; Abonneau, Eric [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique (C.E.A.), Direction de l' Energie Nucleaire, Centre d' Etudes de Cadarache, 13108 Saint Paul lez Durance Cedex (France)

2008-07-01

In order to collect information on the behaviour of the future GFR (Gas Fast Reactor) fuel under fast neutron irradiation, an experimental irradiation program, called &apos;Futurix-concepts&apos; has been launched at the CEA. The considered concept is a composite material made of a fissile fuel embedded in an inert ceramic matrix. Fissile fuel pellets are made of UPuN or UPuC while ceramics are SiC for the carbide fuel and TiN for the nitride fuel. This paper focuses on the description of the carbide composite fabrication. The UPuC pellets are manufactured using a metallurgical powder process. Fabrication and handling of the fuels are carried out in glove boxes under a nitrogen atmosphere. Carbide fuel is synthesized by carbo-thermic reduction under vacuum of a mixture of actinide oxide and graphitic carbon up to 1550 deg. C. After ball milling, the UPuC powder is pressed to create hexagonal or spherical compacts. They are then sintered up to 1750 deg. C in order to obtain a density of 85 % of the theoretical one. The sintered pellets are inserted into an inert and tight capsule of SiC. In order to control the gap between the fuel and the matrix precisely, the pellets are abraded. The inert matrix is then filled with the pellets and the whole system is sealed by a BRASiC{sup R} process at high temperature under a helium atmosphere. Fabrication of the sample to be irradiated was done in 2006 and the irradiation began in May 2007 in the Phenix reactor. This presentation will detail and discuss the results obtained during this fabrication phase. (authors)

Iowa Mutant Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-IIowa) Fibrils Target Lysosomes.

Science.gov (United States)

Kameyama, Hirokazu; Nakajima, Hiroyuki; Nishitsuji, Kazuchika; Mikawa, Shiho; Uchimura, Kenji; Kobayashi, Norihiro; Okuhira, Keiichiro; Saito, Hiroyuki; Sakashita, Naomi

2016-07-28

The single amino acid mutation G26R in human apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-IIowa) is the first mutation that was associated with familial AApoA1 amyloidosis. The N-terminal fragments (amino acid residues 1-83) of apoA-I containing this mutation deposit as amyloid fibrils in patients' tissues and organs, but the mechanisms of cellular degradation and cytotoxicity have not yet been clarified. In this study, we demonstrated degradation of apoA-IIowa fibrils via the autophagy-lysosomal pathway in human embryonic kidney 293 cells. ApoA-IIowa fibrils induced an increase in lysosomal pH and the cytosolic release of the toxic lysosomal protease cathepsin B. The mitochondrial dysfunction caused by apoA-IIowa fibrils depended on cathepsin B and was ameliorated by increasing the degradation of apoA-IIowa fibrils. Thus, although apoA-IIowa fibril transport to lysosomes and fibril degradation in lysosomes may have occurred, the presence of an excess number of apoA-IIowa fibrils, more than the lysosomes could degrade, may be detrimental to cells. Our results thus provide evidence that the target of apoA-IIowa fibrils is lysosomes, and we thereby gained a novel insight into the mechanism of AApoA1 amyloidosis.

Are Sciences Essential and Humanities Elective? Disentangling Competing Claims for Humanities&apos; Research Public Value

Science.gov (United States)

Olmos-Peñuela, Julia; Benneworth, Paul; Castro-Martínez, Elena

2015-01-01

Recent policy discourse suggests that arts and humanities research is seen as being less useful to society than other disciplines, notably in science, technology, engineering and mathematics. The paper explores how this assumption&apos;s construction has been built and whether it is based upon an unfair prejudice: we argue for a prima facie case…

MR evaluation of &apos;Metaphyseal&apos; change in Legg-Calve-Perthes disease

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moon, Haeng Jin; Na, Jae Boem; Shin, Chang Min; You, Jin Jong; Chung, Sung Hoon [Gyeongsang National Univ. College of Medicine, Chinju (Korea, Republic of)

2001-06-01

To determine the metaphyseal changes occurring in Legg-Calve-Perthes(LCP) disease using MRI. Between 1992 to 1999, 80 LCP patients (87 hips) underwent MR imaging and plain radiography. All MR images were reviewed, bone marrow signal intensity, the size and locatiion of the metaphyseal cyst and its epiphyseal necrosis grade determined. Metaphyses were abnormal in 43hips (49%), while bone marrow edema was present in 28 (32%) and a metaphyseal cyst in 30 (34%). Metaphyseal cysts were classified as either &apos;true&apos; (n=9) or &apos;false&apos; (n=21) according to the enhancement pattern. The maximum diameters of true and false cysts were 1.1{+-}0.3 cm and 1.1{+-}0.4 cm, respectively. Their most commom location was the anterior column; a true cyst occurred there in 7cases (78%), and false cyst in 16 (76%). Using the Waldenstrom classification, seven of the nine hips wih a true cyst (78%), were found to be at the avascular stage and 15 of the 21 with a false cyst (71%) were at the fragmentation stage. Seven of these nine (78%) and 19 of these 21 (90%) were Catterall grade IV. According to the findings of MR imaging, the metaphyseal changes occurring in LCP disease were bone marrow edema and metaphyseal cyst. This latter was visualized mainly in the anterior column and severely affected hip, and was classified as &apos;true&apos; or &apos;false&apos;.

Contributions to a Marxist Critical Pedagogy: Revisiting Marx&apos;s Humanism

Science.gov (United States)

Malott, Curry

2014-01-01

In this essay Malott makes a case for a Marxist-informed critical pedagogy situating Marx&apos;s approach to Hegelian dialectics at the center. After reviewing Marx&apos;s critique of Hegel in his 1844 manuscripts, Malott outlines Marx&apos;s shifting conception of the falling rate of profit reflecting his developing understanding of what the…

Comparative analysis of power conversion cycles optimized for fast reactors of generation IV; Analisis comparativo de ciclos de conversion de potencia optimizados para reactores rapidos de generacion IV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Perez Pichel, G. D.

2011-07-01

For the study, which is presented here, has been chosen as the specific parameters of each reactor, which are today the three largest projects within generation IV technology development: ESFR for the reactor&apos;s sodium, LEADER for the lead reactor&apos;s and finally, GoFastR in the case of reactor gas-cooled.

Trimethylsilylcyclopentadienyl (cp{sup &apos;}) uranium chemistry. Synthetic and structural studies of Cp{sup &apos;}{sub 4}U and Cp{sup &apos;}{sub 3}UX (X = Cl, I, Me)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Windorff, Cory J.; MacDonald, Matthew R.; Ziller, Joseph W.; Evans, William J. [Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA (United States)

2017-12-13

Cp{sup &apos;}{sub 4}U (Cp{sup &apos;} = C{sub 5}H{sub 4}SiMe{sub 3}) was synthesized from: (a) KCp{sup &apos;} and [Cp{sup &apos;}{sub 3}U(THF)][BPh{sub 4}]; (b) Cp{sup &apos;}{sub 3}U and Cp{sup &apos;}{sub 2}Pb; and (c) [K(2.2.2-cryptand)][Cp{sup &apos;}{sub 4}U] and AgBPh{sub 4}. The compound was identified by X-ray crystallography as a rare example of a structurally-characterized tetrakis(cyclopentadienyl)U{sup IV} complex. For comparison, the corresponding Th complex, Cp{sup &apos;}{sub 4}Th, was isolated from the direct combination of ThBr{sub 4}(THF){sub 4} with excess KCp{sup &apos;}. During the preparation of Cp{sup &apos;}{sub 3}UMe, the precursor of the [Cp{sup &apos;}{sub 3}U(THF)][BPh{sub 4}] reagent used above, it was discovered that the reaction of Cp{sup &apos;}{sub 3}UCl and MeLi gives a mixture of Cp{sup &apos;}{sub 3}UMe and Cp{sup &apos;}{sub 3}UCl that can co-crystallize better than Cp{sup &apos;}{sub 3}UMe in pure form. The Cp&apos;{sub 3}UMe/Cp{sup &apos;}{sub 3}UCl mixture forms single crystals suitable for X-ray crystallography and provides a new way to characterize the oil, Cp{sup &apos;}{sub 3}UMe. Cp{sup &apos;}{sub 3}UCl and Cp{sup &apos;}{sub 3}UI were also crystallographically characterized for comparison with the Cp{sup &apos;}{sub 3}UMe/Cp{sup &apos;}{sub 3}UCl crystals. (copyright 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

The plasma concentration of HDL-associated apoM is influenced by LDL receptor-mediated clearance of apoB-containing particles

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christoffersen, Christina; Benn, Marianne; Christensen, Pernille Møller

2012-01-01

.005) of the initial amounts of human apoM remained in the plasma of Wt and LDL receptor-deficient mice, respectively. Finally, we compared the turnover of radio-iodinated LDL and plasma apoM concentrations in 45 normocholesterolemic humans. There was a negative correlation between plasma apoM and the fractional......ApoM is mainly associated with HDL. Nevertheless, we have consistently observed positive correlations of apoM with plasma LDL cholesterol in humans. Moreover, LDL receptor deficiency is associated with increased plasma apoM in mice. Here, we tested the idea that plasma apoM concentrations...... = 0.02, respectively) as compared with noncarriers (0.93 ± 0.04 µM). When we injected human apoM-containing HDL into Wt (n = 6) or LDL receptor-deficient mice (n = 6), the removal of HDL-associated human apoM was delayed in the LDL receptor-deficient mice. After 2 h, 54 ± 5% versus 90 ± 8% (P

The Relationship between Human Operators&apos; Psycho-physiological Condition and Human Errors in Nuclear Power Plants

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Arryum; Jang, Inseok; Kang, Hyungook; Seong, Poonghyun [Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2013-05-15

The safe operation of nuclear power plants (NPPs) is substantially dependent on the performance of the human operators who operate the systems. In this environment, human errors caused by inappropriate performance of operator have been considered to be critical since it may lead serious problems in the safety-critical plants. In order to provide meaningful insights to prevent human errors and enhance the human performance, operators&apos; physiological conditions such as stress and workload have been investigated. Physiological measurements were considered as reliable tools to assess the stress and workload. T. Q. Tran et al. and J. B. Brooking et al pointed out that operators&apos; workload can be assessed using eye tracking, galvanic skin response, electroencephalograms (EEGs), heart rate, respiration and other measurements. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the human operators&apos; tense level and knowledge level to the number of human errors. For this study, the experiments were conducted in the mimic of the main control rooms (MCR) in NPP. It utilized the compact nuclear simulator (CNS) which is modeled based on the three loop Pressurized Water Reactor, 993MWe, Kori unit 3 and 4 in Korea and the subjects were asked to follow the tasks described in the emergency operating procedures (EOP). During the simulation, three kinds of physiological measurement were utilized; Electrocardiogram (ECG), EEG and nose temperature. Also, subjects were divided into three groups based on their knowledge of the plant operation. The result shows that subjects who are tense make fewer errors. In addition, subjects who are in higher knowledge level tend to be tense and make fewer errors. For the ECG data, subjects who make fewer human errors tend to be located in higher tense level area of high SNS activity and low PSNS activity. The results of EEG data are also similar to ECG result. Beta power ratio of subjects who make fewer errors was higher. Since beta

Angiotensin IV and the human esophageal mucosa: An exploratory study in healthy subjects and gastroesophageal reflux disease patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Björkman, Eleonora; Edebo, Anders; Fändriks, Lars; Casselbrant, Anna

2015-09-01

The human esophageal mucosa expresses various components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), e.g. the main effector peptide angiotensin II (AngII). The aim of this study was to investigate the esophageal presence of angiotensin III (AngIII) and angiotensin IV (AngIV) forming enzymes and the AngIV receptor (AT4R). The aim was also to study the actions of AngIV and to look for aberrations in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Esophageal biopsies were collected from healthy volunteers (n: 19) and individuals with erosive reflux disease (n: 14). Gene transcripts and protein expression of aminopeptidase A, -B and -M, and the AT4R were investigated by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR), western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The functional impact of AngIV was examined in an Ussing chamber. Aminopeptidase A, -B and -M and the AT4R were expressed in the esophageal epithelium. The AT4R was less prominent in certain areas in the mucosa of reflux patients. AngIV influenced the esophageal epithelial ion transport. The impact was lower in patients with GERD. The AT4R and formation enzymes of AngIII and AngIV are present in the human esophageal epithelium. Moreover, the present results suggest that AngIV exert regulatory impact on the epithelium and that RAS is involved in mucosal aberrations associated with GERD. © The Author(s) 2014.

Cultured human astrocytes secrete large cholesteryl ester- andtriglyceride-rich lipoproteins along with endothelial lipase

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yang, Lin; Liu, Yanzhu; Forte, Trudy M.; Chisholm, Jeffrey W.; Parks, John S.; Shachter, Neil S.

2003-12-01

We cultured normal human astrocytes and characterized their secreted lipoproteins. Human astrocytes secreted lipoproteins in the size range of plasma VLDL (Peak 1), LDL (Peak 2), HDL (Peak 3) and a smaller peak (Peak 4), as determined by gel filtration chromatography, nondenaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and transmission electron microscopy. Cholesterol enrichment of astrocytes led to a particular increase in Peak 1. Almost all Peak 2, 3 and 4 cholesterol and most Peak 1 cholesterol was esterified (unlike mouse astrocyte lipoproteins, which exhibited similar peaks but where cholesterol was predominantly non-esterified). Triglycerides were present at about 2/3 the level of cholesterol. LCAT was detected along with two of its activators, apolipoprotein (apo) A-IV and apoC-I. ApoA-I and apoA-II mRNA and protein were absent. ApoJ was present equally in all peaks but apoE was present predominantly in peaks 3 and 4. ApoB was not detected. The electron microscopic appearance of Peak 1 lipoproteins suggested partial lipolysis leading to the detection of a heparin-releasable triglyceride lipase consistent with endothelial lipase. The increased neuronal delivery of lipids from large lipoprotein particles, for which apoE4 has greater affinity than does apoE3, may be a mechanism whereby the apoE {var_epsilon}4 allele contributes to neurodegenerative risk.

Drinking water pollution and risks for human health; Inquinamento dell&apos;acqua potabile e rischi per la salute

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bressa, G. [Padua Univ., Padua (Italy). Dipt. di Farmacologia, Laboratorio di Tossicologia

1999-12-01

The hypothesis that most human tumors are caused by toxic substances found in the environment, and that their onset is therefore basically predictable, is earning wider and wider consent. The results of experimental studies carried out on animals have shown that some of the chemical pollutants found in drinking water possess cancerogenous activity. Their origin and can vary a lot because most public water supplies come from rivers, lakes, or from groundwater tables, and, therefore, contain pollutants from agricultural land waste water, from industrial waste and from deliberate or accidental inputs. As a consequence, this kind of pollution can involve some risks for human health as a result of both direct use of tainted water or indirect use through food. [Italian] Trova sempre piu&apos; consenso l&apos;ipotesi secondo cui la maggior parte dei tumori nell&apos;uomo sia prodotta da sostanze tossiche presenti nell&apos;ambiente e che quindi la loro insorgenza sia fondamentalmente prevenibile. Dalla vasta gamma di contaminati chimici identificabli nell&apos;acqua potabile e&apos; risultato, da studi sperimentali su animali, che alcuni possiedono attivita&apos; cancerogena. Essi possono avere provenienze diverse, in quanto la maggior parte dei rifornimenti idrici pubblici originano da fiumi, laghi o dalla falda freatica, portando con se&apos; inquinanti provenienti dalle acque reflue dei terreni agricoli, da rifiuti industriali e da immissioni deliberate o accidentali. Tale inquinamento di conseguenza puo&apos; comportare dei rischi per la salute umana sia in seguito al consumo diretto di acqua contaminata che indirettamente attraverso gli alimenti.

Hippocampal &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; on MR imaging represents a distinct entity in epilepsy patients

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hattingen, Elke; Enkirch, Simon Jonas; Jurcoane, Alina; Kruse, Maximilian [University Clinics Bonn, Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Bonn (Germany); Delev, Daniel [University Clinics Bonn, Department of Neurosurgery, Bonn (Germany); University Clinics Freiburg, Department of Neurosurgery, Freiburg (Germany); Grote, Alexander [University Clinics Bonn, Department of Neurosurgery, Bonn (Germany); Evangelic Hospital of Bethel, Department of Neurosurgery, Bielefeld (Germany); Becker, Albert [University Clinics Bonn, Institute of Neuropathology, Bonn (Germany)

2018-02-15

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether patients with drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) due to hippocampal &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; have different MRI features than those with hippocampal sclerosis (HS). Most TLE patients have HS corresponding to severe neuronal loss and gliosis, but a few have &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; without significant reduction of neuronal density. We analyzed the morphology of cerebral 3 T MRIs (T1, T2, and FLAIR) of 103 patients with HS and 20 with &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; concerning hippocampal and amygdala aspect, volumes, and signal intensity (SI) using Fisher&apos;s exact test, Student&apos;s t test, and principal component analysis. Visually, the ipsilateral hippocampus was hyperintense in both groups, but SI was markedly increased in 74% of HS and in 25% of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients; the ipsilateral hippocampus was smaller in 92% of HS and in 50% of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients, and its internal architecture was lost in 57% of HS and 5% of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients; the contralateral hippocampal SI was altered in 25% of HS and in 70% of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients (all p < 0.001). Ipsilateral hippocampus of HS patients had lower volume (mean ± SD 2.86 ± 0.87 ml) compared with that of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients (3.4 ± 1.02 ml) and had higher SI than the contralateral hippocampus of HS patients and then the hippocampus of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients (all p < 0.01). &apos;&apos;Gliosis only&apos;&apos; has different MRI hippocampal characteristics than HS: less volume loss, less increase of the T2-w signal intensity, preservation of internal architecture, and more contralateral affection. (orig.)

Hippocampal &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; on MR imaging represents a distinct entity in epilepsy patients

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hattingen, Elke; Enkirch, Simon Jonas; Jurcoane, Alina; Kruse, Maximilian; Delev, Daniel; Grote, Alexander; Becker, Albert

2018-01-01

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether patients with drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) due to hippocampal &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; have different MRI features than those with hippocampal sclerosis (HS). Most TLE patients have HS corresponding to severe neuronal loss and gliosis, but a few have &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; without significant reduction of neuronal density. We analyzed the morphology of cerebral 3 T MRIs (T1, T2, and FLAIR) of 103 patients with HS and 20 with &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; concerning hippocampal and amygdala aspect, volumes, and signal intensity (SI) using Fisher&apos;s exact test, Student&apos;s t test, and principal component analysis. Visually, the ipsilateral hippocampus was hyperintense in both groups, but SI was markedly increased in 74% of HS and in 25% of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients; the ipsilateral hippocampus was smaller in 92% of HS and in 50% of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients, and its internal architecture was lost in 57% of HS and 5% of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients; the contralateral hippocampal SI was altered in 25% of HS and in 70% of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients (all p < 0.001). Ipsilateral hippocampus of HS patients had lower volume (mean ± SD 2.86 ± 0.87 ml) compared with that of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients (3.4 ± 1.02 ml) and had higher SI than the contralateral hippocampus of HS patients and then the hippocampus of &apos;&apos;gliosis only&apos;&apos; patients (all p < 0.01). &apos;&apos;Gliosis only&apos;&apos; has different MRI hippocampal characteristics than HS: less volume loss, less increase of the T2-w signal intensity, preservation of internal architecture, and more contralateral affection. (orig.)

Is DTPA a good competing chelating agent for Th(IV) in human serum and suitable in targeted alpha therapy?

Science.gov (United States)

Le Du, Alicia; Sabatié-Gogova, Andrea; Morgenstern, Alfred; Montavon, Gilles

2012-04-01

The interaction between thorium and human serum components was studied using difference ultraviolet spectroscopy (DUS), ultrafiltration and high-pressure-anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC) with external inductively conducted plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis. Experimental data are compared with modelling results based on the law of mass action. Human serum transferrin (HSTF) interacts strongly with Th(IV), forming a ternary complex including two synergistic carbonate anions. This complex governs Th(IV) speciation under blood serum conditions. Considering the generally used Langmuir-type model, values of 10(33.5) and 10(32.5) were obtained for strong and weak sites, respectively. We showed that trace amounts of diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) cannot complex Th(IV) in the blood serum at equilibrium. Unexpectedly this effect is not related to the competition with HSTF but is due to the strong competition with major divalent metal ions for DTPA. However, Th-DTPA complex was shown to be stable for a few hours when it is formed before addition in the biological medium; this is related to the high kinetic stability of the complex. This makes DTPA a potential chelating agent for synthesis of (226)Th-labelled biomolecules for application in targeted alpha therapy. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The impact of whole human blood on the kinetic inertness of platinum(iv) prodrugs - an HPLC-ICP-MS study.

Science.gov (United States)

Theiner, Sarah; Grabarics, Márkó; Galvez, Luis; Varbanov, Hristo P; Sommerfeld, Nadine S; Galanski, Markus; Keppler, Bernhard K; Koellensperger, Gunda

2018-04-17

The potential advantage of platinum(iv) complexes as alternatives to classical platinum(ii)-based drugs relies on their kinetic stability in the body before reaching the tumor site and on their activation by reduction inside cancer cells. In this study, an analytical workflow has been developed to investigate the reductive biotransformation and kinetic inertness of platinum(iv) prodrugs comprising different ligand coordination spheres (respectively, lipophilicity and redox behavior) in whole human blood. The distribution of platinum(iv) complexes in blood pellets and plasma was determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after microwave digestion. An analytical approach based on reversed-phase (RP)-ICP-MS was used to monitor the parent compound and the formation of metabolites using two different extraction procedures. The ligand coordination sphere of the platinum(iv) complexes had a significant impact on their accumulation in red blood cells and on their degree of kinetic inertness in whole human blood. The most lipophilic platinum(iv) compound featuring equatorial chlorido ligands showed a pronounced penetration into blood cells and a rapid reductive biotransformation. In contrast, the more hydrophilic platinum(iv) complexes with a carboplatin- and oxaliplatin-core exerted kinetic inertness on a pharmacologically relevant time scale with notable amounts of the compound accumulated in the plasma fraction.

Case story for upgrading of a &apos;'hot'&apos; ESP; Modernisation d&apos;un precipitateur electrostatique &apos;'chaud'&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chidambaram, T.V.S; Christensen

2001-06-01

The &apos;Hot&apos; Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) equipped with COROMAX pulse system is a very attractive solution for dedusting of the &apos;Hot&apos; exhausted gases from the cement kilns especially on cement plants, where good quality of water is not available on the site. Furthermore, the Electrostatic Precipitator is still the preferred solution in the cement plants for dedusting the cement kiln. It is favored because of its high degree of reliability, its low power consumption, and its low maintenance cost. (author)

Results of the round robin exercise on IV-measurements of classic Si-solar cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Van der Borg, N.J.C.M. [ECN Solar Energy, Petten (Netherlands)

2012-12-15

A round robin exercise was performed on IV measurements and spectral response measurements of solar cells. Seven partners participated in the exercise. The aim of the round robin was to enable the verification of their measurement facilities and procedures for IV-measurements on &apos;classic&apos; Si-solar cells by comparing their measurement data with the other participants. In this way possible flaws in the equipment or procedures can be found and corrected for or the measurement uncertainties can be reassessed. The differences between the measurement results of the various partners were more or less within the expected measurement uncertainty although one or more partners may decide to use the results to reexamine their facilities or procedures.

South Africa&apos;s Nuclear Skills Development Initiatives

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Matube, Ntebatse [NECSA, P.O. BOX 582, 00001 Pretoria (South Africa)

2008-07-01

South Africa&apos;s long nuclear history has enabled it to develop and explore new nuclear technologies. The country&apos;s nuclear industry is becoming innovative and will soon be able to compete within the global nuclear market. This includes projects such as the Pebble-Bed Modular Reactor (PBMR), a generation IV reactor technology, whose construction is anticipated by 2009. This will put South Africa in the fore-front of new technologies. Globally, the nuclear sector is experiencing a renaissance with political support from most governments. The South African government intends to expand the nuclear component in the energy supply mix of the country as a result of an energy crisis resulting from economic growth and thus high demand which will soon outstrip supply. This increased energy demand requires the country to take measures to counteract the crisis. It has been projected that an additional 40000 Megawatts of electricity will be required over the next 20 years in South Africa. Currently about 90% of South Africa&apos;s electricity is generated from coal and about 6% from nuclear. The South African electricity utility, Eskom is investigating the expansion of the utility&apos;s nuclear power capacity. These investigations are aimed at a potential increase of nuclear capacity to 20000 Megawatts by 2025. Eskom is in the initial phase of the investigation and is considering advanced Pressurized Water Reactors (PWRs) with a combined capacity of around 3500 Megawatts. This planned expansion of the nuclear energy generating program has presented a challenge of developing and maintaining skills and competencies required by the program. The South African government has acknowledged that they do have a challenge and are going to have to develop an aggressive approach to acquire the necessary skills and competencies required for the program. This aggressive approach will have to accelerate the development of nuclear human capital capacity by ensuring that we utilize the

A &apos;must-go path&apos; scenario for sustainable development and the role of nuclear energy in the 21st century

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jeong, Hae-Yong; Kim, Young-In; Lee, Yong-Bum; Ha, Kwi-Seok; Won, Byung-Chool; Lee, Dong-Uk; Hahn, Dohee [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 1045 Daedeok-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-353 (Korea)

2010-04-15

An increase in the world population has accelerated the consumption of fossil fuels and deepened the pollution of global environment. As a result of these human activities, it is now difficult to clearly guarantee the sustainable future of humankind. An intuitional &apos;must-go path&apos; scenario for the sustainable development of human civilization is proposed by extrapolating the human historical data over 30 years between 1970 and 2000. One of the most important parameters in order to realize the &apos;must-go path&apos; scenario is the sustainability of energy without further pollution. In some countries an expanded use of nuclear energy is advantageous to increase sustainability, but fast reactor technology and closed fuel cycle have to be introduced to make it sustainable. In other countries, the development of cost-effective renewable energy, and the clean use of coal and oil are urgently needed to reduce pollution. The effect of fast nuclear reactor technology on sustainability as an option for near-term energy source is detailed in this paper. More cooperation between countries and worldwide collaboration coordinated by international organizations are essential to make the &apos;must-go path&apos; scenario real in the upcoming 20 or 30 years. (author)

The positive impact of &apos;Luz do Campo&apos; program in a rural area: the sericulture in Ribeirao Claro, Parana, Brazil; O impacto positivo do programa &apos;Luz do campo&apos; na extensao rural: a sericicultura em Ribeirao Claro, Parana, Brazil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carmo, Jose R. do; Marques, Rui Manuel B.S.; Betiol Junior, Genesio [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Inst. de Eletrotecnica e Energia. Programa Interunidades de Pos-Graduacao e Energia], e-mail: jrcarmo@iee.usp.br, e-mail: rmanuel@iee.usp.br, e-mail: genesio.betiol@poli.usp.br; Ribeiro, Fernando Selles [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Escola Politecnica de Engenharia], e-mail: fribeiro@pea.usp.br

2004-07-01

The &apos;Luz do Campo&apos; program has created positive and favorable impact to the opening of opportunities in the rural area. It has contributed to facilitate the access of workers to energetic facilities and has contributed to providing them with better social and economical conditions. As a consequence after the accomplishment of the rural electrification process in the settlements of &apos;Anhumas&apos; and &apos;Maria Neto&apos; implanted in Ribeirao Claro in Parana, it was possible to come to terms with two projects of Sericiculture in that location. The energy consumption of these projects has not been only restricted to human comfort, but has also been aimed at the production. As a result, the economical success achieved in those settlements in less than a year&apos;s time, is due to the transformation actions in the countryside that have lowered poverty and raised the perspectives of better life quality to the settlers. (author)

Radiobiological study of the radioprotective activity of a natural Iranian compound, &apos;'Shir-Khecht'&apos;; Etude radiobiologique de l&apos;activite radioprotectrice d&apos;un compose naturel Iranien: le &apos;'Shir-Khecht'&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rouhanizadeh, N. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, 92 - Fontenay-aux-Roses (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1968-01-01

After reviewing the primary mechanisms of the action of ionizing radiation, the possible mechanisms of the action of radioprotective substances, the various chemical structures having a protective effect and the methods for studying chemical radioprotection, the author presents the results he has obtained with natural Iranian product: &apos;'Shir-Khecht'&apos;. Tests with this product at lethal and sublethal doses have been carried out on the rat using various means of introduction. The effect of radiation, both with and without protection, has been studied using histological and biochemical methods. The product examined has, in effect, a protective action; it is, furthermore, non-toxic and active when taken orally. (author) [French] Apres avoir rappele les mecanismes primaires de l&apos;action des rayonnements ionisants, les mecanismes possibles de l&apos;action des substances radioprotectrices, les diverses structures chimiques possedant un effet protecteur et les methodes d&apos;etude de la radioprotection chimique, l&apos;auteur presente les resultats qu&apos;il a obtenus en utilisant un compose naturel iranien: le &apos;'Shir-Khecht'&apos;. Des essais de ce produit, chez le rat, par diverses voies d&apos;introduction, a dose letale et subletale ont ete effectues. L&apos;effet des radiations, avec et sans protection, a ete etudie a l&apos;aide de methodes histologiques et biochimiques. Le compose essaye possede un pouvoir protecteur; il est, de plus, non toxique et actif par voie orale. (auteur)

&apos;&apos;After the Genome 5 Conference&apos;&apos; to be held October 6-10, 1999 in Jackson Hole, Wyoming

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Roger Brent

1999-10-06

OAK B139 The postgenomic era is arriving faster than anyone had imagined--sometime during 2000 we&apos;ll have a large fraction of the human genome sequence. Heretofore, our understanding of function has come from non-industrial experiments whose conclusions were largely framed in human language. The advent of large amounts of sequence data, and of &apos;&apos;functional genomic&apos;&apos; data types such as mRNA expression data, have changed this picture. These data share the feature that individual observations and measurements are typically relatively low value adding. Such data is now being generated so rapidly that the amount of information contained in it will surpass the amount of biological information collected by traditional means. It is tantalizing to envision using genomic information to create a quantitative biology with a very strong data component. Unfortunately, we are very early in our understanding of how to &apos;&apos;compute on&apos;&apos; genomic information so as to extract biological knowledge from i t. In fact, some current efforts to come to grips with genomic information often resemble a computer savvy library science, where the most important issues concern categories, classification schemes, and information retrieval. When exploring new libraries, a measure of cataloging and inventory is surely inevitable. However, at some point we will need to move from library science to scholarship.We would like to achieve a quantitative and predictive understanding of biological function. We realize that making the bridge from knowledge of systems to the sets of abstractions that constitute computable entities is not easy. The After the Genome meetings were started in 1995 to help the biological community think about and prepare for the changes in biological research in the face of the oncoming flow of genomic information. The term &apos;&apos;After the Genome&apos;&apos; refers to a future in which complete inventories of the gene products of

Acute effects of interleukin-6 infusion on apo-B-containing lipoprotein subclasses in humans

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bagdade, John; Pedersen, Bente K; Schwenke, Dawn

2011-01-01

B:E) apoB-containing subclasses present in VLDL. Therefore, we have directly measured these subclasses following their isolation by sequential immunoprecipitation in seven healthy male subjects during a 3-h infusion with recombinant human (rh) IL-6. Though plasma TG and apoB-containing particle number were...... unchanged by IL-6, the distribution of TG-rich subclasses was significantly altered. Compared to baseline values, LpB:E + LpB:C:E increased significantly at 0.5 h (p infused controls at 0.5 and 1 h (p

Narratives as an educational tool : a review of &apos;A Scientific Romance&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hughes, J.; Andrey, J. [Waterloo Univ., ON (Canada). Dept. of Geography

2000-06-01

This paper examined how the use of narratives can be used as a tool for educating the public on climate change with particular reference to Ronald Wright&apos;s 1997 novel entitled A Scientific Romance. The novel develops climate change as a central theme in the development plot and has received excellent reviews from literary critics in Canada, Great Britain and the United States. This paper reviewed the novel using criteria from both cognitive psychology and climatology. Cognitive theory claims that human beings think, perceive, understand and make choices according to narrative structures. This evaluation compared Wright&apos;s depiction of future climate change with scientific projections. Wright provides great detail regarding climatic conditions of the Great London-Thames Estuary region of Southern England in the years 2500-2501. The climatic variables used in the evaluation consist of surface temperature, sea level rise, precipitation and wind speed. This evaluation determined that Wright&apos;s narrative depiction of London&apos;s future climate is much more extreme than what scientists project. It was concluded that Wright&apos;s tightly woven narrative takes an abstract issue and successfully transforms it into something interesting and provides a detailed depiction of a plausible future climate and its implications for society. However, two minor weaknesses were found to exist. First, there is little reference to the major cause of climate change, and secondly, the climate scenario depicted in the novel is more consistent with the runaway greenhouse theory than with scientists&apos; projections. It was cautioned that narratives must be used carefully and responsibly otherwise, the magnitude of portrayed changes may create a sense of disbelief or helplessness on the part of the public. 27 refs., 1 tab.

Renewable energies in the service of humanity. 40. anniversary of the congress &apos;The sun in the Service of Mankind&apos; 1973-2013. Current challenges and prospects by 2030 and 2050

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Campana, Dominique; D'Adesky, Marie; Bolinches, Christine; Caillierez, Laurent; Schwarz, Virginie; Varet, Anne; Moisan, Francois; Lechevin, Bruno; Dollet, Alain; Lincot, Daniel; Bertrand, Joel; Benchikh, Osman; Kalonji, Gretchen; Palz, Wolfgang; Lins, Christine; Frankl, Paolo; ); Wouters, Frank; Swanson, Richard; Tiwari, Ayodhya; Yamaguchi, Masafumi; Flamant, Gilles; Maegaard, Preben; Kariniotakis, Georges; Roy, Claude; Rayol, Caroline; Duplan, Jean-Luc; Boeuf, Marc; Sanner, Burkard; Graff, Jean-Jacques; Chabrillat, Remi; Hadjsaid, Nouredine; Tarascon, Jean-Marie; Priem, Thierry; Vidal, Olivier; Alt, Franz; Bal, Jean-Louis; Ould-Dada, Zitouni; ); Kappiah, Mahama; Allal, Houda; Eckhart, Michael; Gromard, Christian de; Benchikh, Osman; Marzin, Jean-Yves; Aubert, Marie Helene; Yumkella, Kandeh K.; Lalonde, Brice

2015-03-01

The &apos;Renewable energies in the service of humanity&apos; international scientific symposium took place in Paris together with the ceremony that marked the 40. anniversary of the first international congress &apos;The Sun in the service of mankind&apos;, held at UNESCO in 1973. This event was intended to show the progress achieved over 40 years of development in renewable energies, but also the energy and climate challenges to be faced before 2050. Indeed, this is the date by which we must have successfully cut our current greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) by four to limit global warming below 2 deg. C above pre-industrial levels. For the first time in 1973, almost 900 scientists gathered to launch an initiative that aimed to promote research on solar energy, aware that the development of this inexhaustible renewable energy could strongly benefit the future well-being of humanity. The ensuing forty years and above all recent times, have proved these forerunners right. Renewable energy has indeed experienced extraordinary growth, whether it is solar power, particularly photovoltaic, but also wind power, or even biomass. The International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that renewable energy will represent a third of all electricity produced by 2035. Driven by the same global ambition as the 1973 congress, the French Environment and Energy Management Agency (ADEME), the French National Scientific Research Centre (CNRS) and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) have jointly organised this international meeting on the current challenges and prospects for renewable energies by 2030 and 2050. High-level experts and representatives from international organisations discussed the global scientific, technical, political, economic and social aspects of the various branches in the renewable energies field. The aim was to assess the development of renewable energies, put their contribution to global energy transition into perspective and

Chrono-potentiometry in molten chlorides. Application to the study of the electrochemical properties of uranium and plutonium in the LiCl-KCl eutectic; Chronopotentiometrie dans les chlorures fondus. Application a l&apos;etude des proprietes electrochimiques de l&apos;uranium et du plutonium dans l&apos;eutectique LiCl-KCl

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Leseur, A. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1969-05-01

Using solutions of cadmium chloride in the eutectic LiCl-KCl, a chrono-potentiometric method has been developed with a view to its application to the study of molten solutions. Particular attention has been paid to the choice of the indicator electrodes. The method makes it possible to analyze molten solutions quantitatively and to determine diffusion coefficients and their activation energies; it yields furthermore information about the nature and the behaviour of ionic species in solution. The method has been applied to the study of solutions of uranium and plutonium chloride in the eutectic LiCl-KCl. Linear chrono-amperometry has been used for studying these solutions quantitatively, but chrono-potentiometry, of which the theory is better developed, is better suited to a quantitative study. The results obtained have made it possible to determine the diffusion coefficients of the ions Cd{sup 2+}, U{sup 3+}, U{sup 4+} and U(IV) in the presence of F{sup -} and Pu{sup 3+} ions, as well as the activation energy of the diffusion coefficients. (author) [French] La mise au point de la chronopotentiometrie comme moyen d&apos;etude des solutions fondues a ete effectuee avec des solutions de chlorure de cadmium dans l&apos;eutectique LiCl-KCl. Le probleme du choix des electrodes indicatrices a ete particulierement etudie. La methode permet l&apos;analyse quantitative des solutions fondues ainsi que la determination des coefficients de diffusion et de leurs energies d&apos;activation: elle donne en outre des renseignements sur la nature et le comportement des especes ioniques en solution. Elle a ete appliquee a l&apos;etude des solutions des chlorures d&apos;uranium et de plutonium dans l&apos;eutectique LiCl-KCl. La chronoamperometrie lineaire a ete utilisee pour l&apos;etude qualitative de ces solutions, mais la chronopotentiometrie, dont la theorie est plus complete, convient mieux pour l&apos;etude quantitative. Les resultats obtenus ont permis de determiner les

The strategic &apos;'pull'&apos; and operational &apos;'push'&apos; of total quality management in UK regional electricity service companies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

McAdam, R.; McLean, J.; Henderson, J.

2003-04-30

The aim of this paper is to evaluate whether the UK regional electricity companies (RECs) has used total quality management (TQM) as a &apos;'push'&apos; or as a &apos;'pull'&apos; change methodology. &apos;'Push'&apos; is the operational improvement role of TQM; &apos;'pull'&apos; is the strategic or direction giving, improvement role of TQM. Following the onset of privatisation in 1990 there has been evidence of the RECs adopting TQM in both &apos;'push'&apos; and &apos;'pull'&apos; methodologies with varying degrees of success. An evaluation of the change processes involved will enable improved change models to be developed leading to increased business effectiveness in this 30 billion pounds sterling industry. Other possible benefits include the possible generalisations to other utilities such as water, roads, gas and telecoms. The research methodology includes a comparative case study analysis of five RECs, which have used TQM as their overarching approach to change. One of the cases is analysed to a more in-depth level based on the multiple case findings. The findings indicate that the &apos;'push-pull'&apos; analysis enables the full range of TQM activities to be evaluated in the RECs studied. Overall, there is a need to have a balanced portfolio of operational or &apos;'push'&apos;-based TQM activity that is driven by strategic or &apos;'pull'&apos; based TQM planning and activity. (author)

Building generation four: results of Canadian research program on generation IV energy technologies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anderson, T.; Leung, L.K.H.; Guzonas, D.; Brady, D.; Poupore, J.; Zheng, W.

2014-01-01

A collaborative grant program has been established between Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada, Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), and Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL) to support research and development (R&D) for the Canadian SuperCritical Water-cooled Reactor (SCWR) concept, which is one of six advanced nuclear reactor systems being studied under the Generation-IV International Forum (GIF). The financial support for this grant program is provided by NSERC and NRCan. The grant fund has supported university research investigating the neutronic, fuel, thermal-hydraulics, chemistry and material properties of the Canadian SCWR concept. Twenty-two universities have actively collaborated with experts from AECL Nuclear Laboratories and NRCan&apos;s CanmetMATERIALS (CMAT) Laboratory to advance the technologies, enhance their infrastructure, and train highly qualified personnel. Their R&D findings have been contributed to GIF fulfilling Canada&apos;s commitments. The unique collaborative structure and the contributions to Canada&apos;s nuclear science and technology of the NSERC/NRCan/AECL Generation IV Energy Technologies Program are presented. (author)

A highly luminescent dinuclear Eu(III) complex based on 4,4&apos;-bis (4&apos;&apos;,4&apos;&apos;,4&apos;&apos;-trifluoro-1&apos;&apos;,3&apos;&apos;-dioxobutyl)-o-terphenyl for light-emitting diodes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liu Shenggui [State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Ministry of Education Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275 (China); School of Chemistry Science and Technology, Zhanjiang Normal University, New Materials Engineering and Technology Development Center of University in Guangdong, Zhanjiang 524048 (China); He Pei; Wang Huihui; Shi Jianxin [State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Ministry of Education Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275 (China); Gong Menglian, E-mail: cesgml@mail.sysu.edu.cn [State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Ministry of Education Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275 (China)

2009-08-15

A dinuclear Eu(III) complex Eu{sub 2}(btbt){sub 3}.4H{sub 2}O.CH{sub 3}CH{sub 2}OH.N(CH{sub 2}CH{sub 3}){sub 3} was synthesized, where H{sub 2}(btbt) was 4,4&apos;-bis (4&apos;&apos;,4&apos;&apos;,4&apos;&apos;,-trifluoro-1&apos;&apos;,3&apos;&apos;-dioxobutyl)-o-terphenyl. The composition and structure of the complex were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-vis and FAB-MS spectroscopy. The complex emits the characteristic red luminescence of Eu{sup 3+} ion due to the {sup 5}D{sub 0} {yields} {sup 7}F{sub J} (J = 0-4) transitions under {approx}395 nm-light excitation with good luminescent quantum efficiency (32%) and exhibits high thermal stability (337 deg. C). Bright red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were fabricated by coating the complex onto a {approx}395 nm-emitting InGaN chip. When the mass ratio of the red phosphor to the silicone is 1:30, the efficiency of the fabricated LEDs with the europium complex is 0.98 lm w{sup -1}. The CIE chromaticity coordinates of the LEDs are x = 0.6057 and y = 0.3137, which are close to the National Television Standard Committee (NTSC) standard values for red color. The results indicate that the complex may act as a red component in the fabrication of near UV InGaN-based white light-emitting diodes with high color-rendering index.

Design and implementation of a &apos;'cheese'&apos; phantom-based Tomotherapy TLD dose intercomparison

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schiefer, Hans; Buchauer, Konrad; Heinze, Simon [Medical Physics Group, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Gallen (Switzerland); Henke, Guido; Plasswilm, Ludwig [Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Gallen (Switzerland)

2015-11-15

The unique beam-delivery technique of Tomotherapy machines (Accuray Inc., Sunnyvale, Calif.) necessitates tailored quality assurance. This requirement also applies to external dose intercomparisons. Therefore, the aim of the 2014 SSRMP (Swiss Society of Radiobiology and Medical Physics) dosimetry intercomparison was to compare two set-ups with different phantoms. A small cylindrical Perspex phantom, which is similar to the IROC phantom (Imaging and Radiation Oncology Core, Houston, Tex.), and the &apos;'cheese'&apos; phantom, which is provided by the Tomotherapy manufacturer to all institutions, were used. The standard calibration plans for the TomoHelical and TomoDirect irradiation techniques were applied. These plans are routinely used for dose output calibration in Tomotherapy institutions. We tested 20 Tomotherapy machines in Germany and Switzerland. The ratio of the measured (D{sub m}) to the calculated (D{sub c}) dose was assessed for both phantoms and irradiation techniques. The D{sub m}/D{sub c} distributions were determined to compare the suitability of the measurement set-ups investigated. The standard deviations of the TLD-measured (thermoluminescent dosimetry) D{sub m}/D{sub c} ratios for the &apos;'cheese'&apos; phantom were 1.9 % for the TomoHelical (19 measurements) and 1.2 % (11 measurements) for the TomoDirect irradiation techniques. The corresponding ratios for the Perspex phantom were 2.8 % (18 measurements) and 1.8 % (11 measurements). Compared with the Perspex phantom-based set-up, the &apos;'cheese'&apos; phantom-based set-up without individual planning was demonstrated to be more suitable for Tomotherapy dose checks. Future SSRMP dosimetry intercomparisons for Tomotherapy machines will therefore be based on the &apos;'cheese'&apos; phantom set-up. (orig.) [German] Die einzigartige Bestrahlungstechnik mit Tomotherapie-Bestrahlungsgeraeten (Accuray Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) erfordert spezifische

Gunning for accuracy: Company targets human error with &apos;foolproof&apos; perforating gun

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ross, E.

2002-12-01

An innovative new design for a scalloped expandable perforating gun is described. The gun is manufactured in Edmonton by LRI Perforating Systems, and it aimed at reducing the chances of human error that can result in sub-optimal performance. A perforating gun is used to pierce the well&apos;s casing to allow hydrocarbons to flow into the wellbore. It consists of a carrier, a pipe with an eighth-inch thick wall that protects the explosives downhole, and an inner tube containing the explosives. The LRI system has a unique interlocking mechanism for the end plates, which are attached to either end of the thin-walled charge holder tube, in addition to other advantageous features, including a price advantage of 10 to 15 per cent. Marketing strategy is designed to interest wi reline companies that focus on vertical well applications. 1 photo.

Irradiation as a quarantine treatment of &apos;Carabao&apos; (&apos;Manila Super&apos;) mangoes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Manoto, E.C.; Resilva, S.S.; Del Rosario, Ma.S.; Casubha, L.C.

1990-01-01

Researches using gamma radiation for disinfestation of Oriental fruit fly in &apos;Carabao&apos; (&apos;Manila Super&apos;) mangoes were undertaken using the Probit 9 or 99.9968% mortality test. The results showed that the mature larvae of the fruit fly are the most tolerant stage of this insect to irradiation with the eggs as the most sensitive. On treating more than 100,000 mature larvae in mangoes, a minimum dose of 100 Gy was found to prevent emergence of adult fruit flies and maintain quarantine security or a complete elimination of the possibility of introducing this pest into the importing country. Therefore, the use of 100-Gy irradiation as a quarantine treatment against Oriental fruit fly in the mature green Philippine &apos;carabao&apos; mango fruits is recommended

&apos;Carbon-Money Exchange&apos; to contain global warming and deforestation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nagase, Kozo E-mail: nagase@de.mbn.or.jp

2005-07-01

This paper builds a basic theory of &apos;Carbon-Money Exchange&apos; in which carbon as currency in nature&apos;s household (ecosystems) and money as currency in humankind&apos;s household (economy) are exchanged just like in a foreign exchange. The simple chemical equation below makes it possible (CO{sub 2}{yields}C+O{sub 2}=C+O{sub 2}{yields}CO{sub 2}). The left-hand side represents the work of plants to remove atmospheric CO{sub 2}. The right-hand side represents the work of humans as fossil fuel consumers to produce it. The exchange of the two currencies is possible by copying the fossil fuel market. The paper concludes that this new exchange can automatically contain global warming and deforestation, replacing onerous emissions trading. Moreover, it could revolutionize the conventional economy, creating counter-capitalism, or &apos;carbonism&apos;.

PET imaging of HER1-expressing xenografts in mice with {sup 86}Y-CHX-A'&apos;-DTPA-cetuximab

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nayak, Tapan K.; Regino, Celeste A.S.; Milenic, Diane E.; Garmestani, Kayhan; Baidoo, Kwamena E.; Brechbiel, Martin W. [National Institutes of Health, Radioimmune and Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (United States); Wong, Karen J. [National Institutes of Health, Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (United States); Szajek, Lawrence P. [National Institutes of Health, PET Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD (United States)

2010-07-15

Cetuximab is a recombinant, human/mouse chimeric IgG{sub 1} monoclonal antibody that binds to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/HER1). Cetuximab is approved for the treatment of patients with HER1-expressing metastatic colorectal cancer. Limitations in currently reported radiolabeled cetuximab for PET applications prompted the development of {sup 86}Y-CHX-A'&apos;-DTPA-cetuximab as an alternative for imaging HER1-expressing cancer. {sup 86}Y-CHX-A'&apos;-DTPA-cetuximab can also serve as a surrogate marker for {sup 90}Y therapy. Bifunctional chelate, CHX-A'&apos;-DTPA was conjugated to cetuximab and radiolabeled with {sup 86}Y. In vitro immunoreactivity was assessed in HER1-expressing A431 cells. In vivo biodistribution, PET imaging and noncompartmental pharmacokinetics were performed in mice bearing HER1-expressing human colorectal (LS-174T and HT29), prostate (PC-3 and DU145), ovarian (SKOV3) and pancreatic (SHAW) tumor xenografts. Receptor blockage was demonstrated by coinjection of either 0.1 or 0.2 mg cetuximab. {sup 86}Y-CHX-A'&apos;-DTPA-cetuximab was routinely prepared with a specific activity of 1.5-2 GBq/mg and in vitro cell-binding in the range 65-75%. Biodistribution and PET imaging studies demonstrated high HER1-specific tumor uptake of the radiotracer and clearance from nonspecific organs. In LS-174T tumor-bearing mice injected with {sup 86}Y-CHX-A'&apos;-DTPA-cetuximab alone, {sup 86}Y-CHX-A'&apos;-DTPA-cetuximab plus 0.1 mg cetuximab or 0.2 mg cetuximab, the tumor uptake values at 3 days were 29.3 {+-} 4.2, 10.4 {+-} 0.5 and 6.4 {+-} 0.3%ID/g, respectively, demonstrating dose-dependent blockage of the target. Tumors were clearly visualized 1 day after injecting 3.8-4.0 MBq {sup 86}Y-CHX-A'&apos;-DTPA-cetuximab. Quantitative PET revealed the highest tumor uptake in LS-174T (29.55 {+-} 2.67%ID/cm{sup 3}) and the lowest tumor uptake in PC-3 (15.92 {+-} 1.55%ID/cm{sup 3}) xenografts at 3 days after injection

Do we need a &apos;&apos;green medicine&apos;&apos;?; Brauchen wir &apos;&apos;Gruene Medizin?&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bauer, M.; Daschner, F.; Scherrer, M. [Universitaetsklinikum Freiburg (Germany)

2006-07-01

Spontaneously, we do associate &apos;&apos;green medicine&apos;&apos; with terms like naturopathy, natural healing substances, herbal active agents, homeopathy, healthy food, preventive medicine and similar things, and finally we think of ecology. This is the focus of the following article. First of all, the following question arises: Are there any environment-friendly and cost-saving alternatives to the present medicine? There is an increasing number of environment-caused diseases. Therefore, a medicine not coping with the environment is not credible. In today&apos;s medicine, for example, there are too many persistent detergents, water-polluting disinfectants, and many disposable materials. Too much water ist consumed, whereas the use of renewable energies is only limited. And too little natural healing methods are applied in diagnostics and therapy. Presently, in Germany, 16,7 million in-patients are treated in Germany, 1,16 million out-patients have surgeries in 2166 hospitals by ca. 1,1 million medical staff. All this work needs energy and materials which bring various risks to environment and the patients. During the last two decades, however, many efforts were made in the field of environment protection in medicine. There is hardly a hospital left which has not taken measures of protecting the environment. In the branch-specific quality management system KTQ (=cooperation for transparency and quality in the health system). environment protection measures are interrogated and systematically assessed.

&apos;&apos;de novo&apos;&apos; aneurysms following endovascular procedures

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Briganti, F.; Cirillo, S.; Caranci, F. [Department of Neurological Sciences, Services of Neuroradiology, ' ' Federico II' ' University, Naples (Italy); Esposito, F.; Maiuri, F. [Department of Neurological Sciences, Services of Neurosurgery, ' ' Federico II' ' University, Naples (Italy)

2002-07-01

Two personal cases of &apos;&apos;de novo&apos;&apos; aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery (ACoA) occurring 9 and 4 years, respectively, after endovascular carotid occlusion are described. A review of the 30 reported cases (including our own two) of &apos;&apos;de novo&apos;&apos; aneurysms after occlusion of the major cerebral vessels has shown some features, including a rather long time interval after the endovascular procedure of up to 20-25 years (average 9.6 years), a preferential ACoA (36.3%) and internal carotid artery-posterior communicating artery (ICA-PCoA) (33.3%) location of the &apos;&apos;de novo&apos;&apos; aneurysms, and a 10% rate of multiple aneurysms. These data are compared with those of the group of reported spontaneous &apos;&apos;de novo&apos;&apos; aneurysms after SAH or previous aneurysm clipping. We agree that the frequency of &apos;&apos;de novo&apos;&apos; aneurysms after major-vessel occlusion (two among ten procedures in our series, or 20%) is higher than commonly reported (0 to 11%). For this reason, we suggest that patients who have been submitted to endovascular major-vessel occlusion be followed up for up to 20-25 years after the procedure, using non-invasive imaging studies such as MR angiography and high-resolution CT angiography. On the other hand, periodic digital angiography has a questionable risk-benefit ratio; it may be used when a &apos;&apos;de novo&apos;&apos; aneurysm is detected or suspected on non-invasive studies. The progressive enlargement of the ACoA after carotid occlusion, as described in our case 1, must be considered a radiological finding of risk for &apos;&apos;de novo&apos;&apos; aneurysm formation. (orig.)

Biological effect and tumor risk of diagnostic x-rays. The &apos;&apos;war of the theories&apos;&apos;; Biologische Wirkung und Tumorrisiko diagnostischer Roentgenstrahlen. Der &apos;&apos;Krieg der Modelle&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Selzer, E.; Hebar, A. [Medizinische Universitaet Wien, Abteilung fuer Strahlenbiologie, Klinik fuer Strahlentherapie, Wien (Austria)

2012-10-15

Since the introduction of ionizing radiation as a treatment and diagnostic tool in humans, scientists have been trying to estimate its side effects and potential health risks. There is now ample evidence for the principal existence of a direct relationship between higher doses and the risks of side effects. Most of the uncertainties lie in the field of low-dose effects especially with respect to the risk of cancer induction. Low-dose effects are usually of relevance in diagnostic medicine while high-dose radiation effects are typically observed after radiotherapeutic treatment for cancer or after nuclear accidents. The current state of the &apos;&apos;war of theories&apos;&apos; may be summarized as follows: one group of scientists and health regulatory officials favors the hypothesis that there is no threshold dose, i.e. the linear-no-threshold hypothesis (LNT) of radiation which can be regarded as safe. On the contrary, the critics of this hypothesis suggest that the risks of doses below 50 mSv are not measurable or even of clinical relevance and are not adequately described by a linear dose-response relationship. The aim of this article is to summarize the major unresolved issues in this field. Arguments are presented why the validity of the LNT model in the low-dose range should be regarded as at least inconsistent and is thus questionable. (orig.) [German] Seit der Einfuehrung ionisierender Strahlen als ein Mittel zur Behandlung und Diagnose beim Menschen haben Wissenschaftler versucht, ihre Nebenwirkungen und potenziellen Risiken fuer die Gesundheit einzuschaetzen. Es gibt nun ausreichende Evidenz fuer das grundsaetzliche Vorliegen einer direkten Beziehung zwischen hoeheren Dosen und Nebenwirkungsrisiken. Die meisten Unsicherheiten liegen auf dem Gebiet der Niedrigdosisforschung v. a. im Hinblick auf das Risiko der Induktion von Krebs. Niedrigdosiseffekte sind ueblicherweise von Bedeutung in der diagnostischen Medizin, waehrend Hochdosisbestrahlungseffekte

Aspects of the cosmological &apos;&apos;coincidence problem&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Velten, H.E.S.; Marttens, R.F. vom; Zimdahl, W. [Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo (UFES), Departamento de Fisica, Vitoria, Espirito Santo (Brazil)

2014-11-15

The observational fact that the present values of the densities of dark energy and dark matter are of the same order of magnitude, ρ{sub de0}/ρ{sub dm0} ∝ O(1), seems to indicate that we are currently living in a very special period of the cosmic history. Within the standard model, a density ratio of the order of one just at the present epoch can be seen as coincidental since it requires very special initial conditions in the early Universe. The corresponding &apos;&apos;why now&apos;&apos; question constitutes the cosmological &apos;&apos;coincidence problem&apos;&apos;. According to the standard model the equality ρ{sub de} = ρ{sub dm} took place &apos;'recently'&apos; at a redshift z ∼ 0.55. The meaning of &apos;'recently'&apos; is, however, parameter dependent. In terms of the cosmic time the situation looks different. We discuss several aspects of the &apos;&apos;coincidence problem&apos;&apos;, also in its relation to the cosmological constant problem, to issues of structure formation and to cosmic age considerations. (orig.)

Functional similarities between the dictyostelium protein AprA and the human protein dipeptidyl-peptidase IV.

Science.gov (United States)

Herlihy, Sarah E; Tang, Yu; Phillips, Jonathan E; Gomer, Richard H

2017-03-01

Autocrine proliferation repressor protein A (AprA) is a protein secreted by Dictyostelium discoideum cells. Although there is very little sequence similarity between AprA and any human protein, AprA has a predicted structural similarity to the human protein dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV). AprA is a chemorepellent for Dictyostelium cells, and DPPIV is a chemorepellent for neutrophils. This led us to investigate if AprA and DPPIV have additional functional similarities. We find that like AprA, DPPIV is a chemorepellent for, and inhibits the proliferation of, D. discoideum cells, and that AprA binds some DPPIV binding partners such as fibronectin. Conversely, rAprA has DPPIV-like protease activity. These results indicate a functional similarity between two eukaryotic chemorepellent proteins with very little sequence similarity, and emphasize the usefulness of using a predicted protein structure to search a protein structure database, in addition to searching for proteins with similar sequences. © 2016 The Protein Society.

Functional similarities between the dictyostelium protein AprA and the human protein dipeptidyl‐peptidase IV

Science.gov (United States)

Herlihy, Sarah E.; Tang, Yu; Phillips, Jonathan E.

2017-01-01

Abstract Autocrine proliferation repressor protein A (AprA) is a protein secreted by Dictyostelium discoideum cells. Although there is very little sequence similarity between AprA and any human protein, AprA has a predicted structural similarity to the human protein dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV). AprA is a chemorepellent for Dictyostelium cells, and DPPIV is a chemorepellent for neutrophils. This led us to investigate if AprA and DPPIV have additional functional similarities. We find that like AprA, DPPIV is a chemorepellent for, and inhibits the proliferation of, D. discoideum cells, and that AprA binds some DPPIV binding partners such as fibronectin. Conversely, rAprA has DPPIV‐like protease activity. These results indicate a functional similarity between two eukaryotic chemorepellent proteins with very little sequence similarity, and emphasize the usefulness of using a predicted protein structure to search a protein structure database, in addition to searching for proteins with similar sequences. PMID:28028841

o&apos;Peer: open peer review

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brewer, J H

2014-01-01

I have built a &apos;'demonstration'&apos; website at http://oPeer.org to illustrate how peer review and publication might be improved relative to the current model, which was designed and implemented in an era when scientific communication was either face-to-face or relied upon human delivery of ink marks on dead trees

Reflection group on &apos;Expert Culture&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Eggermont, G

2000-07-01

As part of SCK-CEN&apos;s social sciences and humanities programme, a reflection group on &apos;Expert Culture&apos; was established. The objectives of the reflection group are: (1) to clarify the role of SCK-CEN experts; (2) to clarify the new role of expertise in the evolving context of risk society; (3) to confront external views and internal SCK-CEN experiences on expert culture; (4) to improve trust building of experts and credibility of SCK-CEN as a nuclear actor in society; (5) to develop a draft for a deontological code; (6) to integrate the approach in training on assertivity and communication; (7) to create an output for a topical day on the subject of expert culture. The programme, achievements and perspectives of the refection group are summarised.

Thermal decomposition and spectroscopic investigation of a new aqueous glycolato(-peroxo) Ti(IV) solution-gel precursor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

De Dobbelaere, Christopher, E-mail: christopher.dedobbelaere@uhasselt.be [Hasselt University, Institute for Materials Research, Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Agoralaan Building D, B-3590 Diepenbeek (Belgium); Mullens, Jules, E-mail: jules.mullens@uhasselt.be [Hasselt University, Institute for Materials Research, Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Agoralaan Building D, B-3590 Diepenbeek (Belgium); Hardy, An, E-mail: an.hardy@uhasselt.be [Hasselt University, Institute for Materials Research, Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Agoralaan Building D, B-3590 Diepenbeek (Belgium); IMEC vzw, Division IMOMEC, Agoralaan Building D, B-3590 Diepenbeek (Belgium); Van Bael, Marlies K., E-mail: marlies.vanbael@uhasselt.be [Hasselt University, Institute for Materials Research, Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Agoralaan Building D, B-3590 Diepenbeek (Belgium); IMEC vzw, Division IMOMEC, Agoralaan Building D, B-3590 Diepenbeek (Belgium)

2011-06-10

Highlights: {yields} A totally water based glycolato-Ti(IV) precursor is presented and characterized. {yields} The precursors&apos; thermal decomposition profile depends on the ligand to metal ratio. {yields} Titanium is coordinated in an unidentate fashion by the glycolate anion. {yields} Smooth and uniform TiO{sub 2} films can be prepared from the precursor solution. - Abstract: A new aqueous solution-gel precursor based on water soluble glycolato(-peroxo)-Ti(IV) complexes is developed for the preparation of TiO{sub 2} films. With regard to the decomposition of complexes towards oxide formation, it is important to gain insight in the chemical transformations inside the precursor during thermal treatment. Therefore, the thermo-oxidative decomposition pathway of a gel obtained by slow evaporation of the precursor solution is described based on hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) and mass spectrometry (TGA-MS). Pure glycolic acid is used as a reference system for this study. By varying the molar glycolic acid to Ti(IV) ratio, the thermal decomposition of the gel can be drastically shortened and the profile&apos;s course changed. Gel structure and chemical changes in the gel upon heating are also studied by means of off-line FTIR. A unidentate coordination of the titanium(IV) ion by the carboxylate group of the glycolato ligands and the involvement of the hydroxyl group is confirmed. Phase formation at certain points in the thermal decomposition is studied by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Finally, it is proven that the new precursor is a valuable candidate for the deposition of low carbon containing solution-gel films which can ultimately be converted into smooth and uniform TiO{sub 2} films.

Modulation of Kingella kingae adherence to human epithelial cells by type IV Pili, capsule, and a novel trimeric autotransporter.

Science.gov (United States)

Porsch, Eric A; Kehl-Fie, Thomas E; St Geme, Joseph W

2012-10-23

Kingella kingae is an emerging bacterial pathogen that is being recognized increasingly as an important etiology of septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, and bacteremia, especially in young children. Colonization of the posterior pharynx is a key step in the pathogenesis of K. kingae disease. Previous work established that type IV pili are necessary for K. kingae adherence to the respiratory epithelium. In this study, we set out to identify additional factors that influence K. kingae interactions with human epithelial cells. We found that genetic disruption of the gene encoding a predicted trimeric autotransporter protein called Knh (Kingella NhhA homolog) resulted in reduced adherence to human epithelial cells. In addition, we established that K. kingae elaborates a surface-associated polysaccharide capsule that requires a predicted ABC-type transporter export operon called ctrABCD for surface presentation. Furthermore, we discovered that the presence of a surface capsule interferes with Knh-mediated adherence to human epithelial cells by nonpiliated organisms and that maximal adherence in the presence of a capsule requires the predicted type IV pilus retraction machinery, PilT/PilU. On the basis of the data presented here, we propose a novel adherence mechanism that allows K. kingae to adhere efficiently to human epithelial cells while remaining encapsulated and more resistant to immune clearance. Kingella kingae is a Gram-negative bacterium that is being recognized increasingly as a cause of joint and bone infections in young children. The pathogenesis of disease due to K. kingae begins with bacterial colonization of the upper respiratory tract, and previous work established that surface hair-like fibers called type IV pili are necessary for K. kingae adherence to respiratory epithelial cells. In this study, we set out to identify additional factors that influence K. kingae interactions with respiratory epithelial cells. We discovered a novel surface protein called

Updated Generation IV Reactors Integrated Materials Technology Program Plan, Revision 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Corwin, William R [ORNL; Burchell, Timothy D [ORNL; Halsey, William [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL); Hayner, George [Idaho National Laboratory (INL); Katoh, Yutai [ORNL; Klett, James William [ORNL; McGreevy, Timothy E [ORNL; Nanstad, Randy K [ORNL; Ren, Weiju [ORNL; Snead, Lance Lewis [ORNL; Stoller, Roger E [ORNL; Wilson, Dane F [ORNL

2005-12-01

The Department of Energy&apos;s (DOE&apos;s) Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems Program will address the research and development (R&D) necessary to support next-generation nuclear energy systems. Such R&D will be guided by the technology roadmap developed for the Generation IV International Forum (GIF) over two years with the participation of over 100 experts from the GIF countries. The roadmap evaluated over 100 future systems proposed by researchers around the world. The scope of the R&D described in the roadmap covers the six most promising Generation IV systems. The effort ended in December 2002 with the issue of the final Generation IV Technology Roadmap [1.1]. The six most promising systems identified for next generation nuclear energy are described within the roadmap. Two employ a thermal neutron spectrum with coolants and temperatures that enable hydrogen or electricity production with high efficiency (the Supercritical Water Reactor - SCWR and the Very High Temperature Reactor - VHTR). Three employ a fast neutron spectrum to enable more effective management of actinides through recycling of most components in the discharged fuel (the Gas-cooled Fast Reactor - GFR, the Lead-cooled Fast Reactor - LFR, and the Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor - SFR). The Molten Salt Reactor (MSR) employs a circulating liquid fuel mixture that offers considerable flexibility for recycling actinides, and may provide an alternative to accelerator-driven systems. A few major technologies have been recognized by DOE as necessary to enable the deployment of the next generation of advanced nuclear reactors, including the development and qualification of the structural materials needed to ensure their safe and reliable operation. Accordingly, DOE has identified materials as one of the focus areas for Gen IV technology development.

&apos;'Old'&apos; locked inflation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liu, Yang; Piao, Yun-Song [College of Physical Sciences, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 (China); Si, Zong-Guo, E-mail: liuyangbyf@mail.sdu.edu.cn, E-mail: yspiao@gucas.ac.cn, E-mail: zgsi@sdu.edu.cn [Department of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100 (China)

2009-05-15

In this paper, we revisit the idea of locked inflation, which does not require a potential satisfying the normal slow-roll condition, but suffers from the problems associated with &apos;&apos;saddle inflation&apos;&apos;. We propose a scenario based on locked inflation, however, with an alternative evolution mechanism of the &apos;&apos;waterfall field&apos;&apos; {phi}. Instead of rolling down along the potential, the {phi} field will tunnel to end the inflation stage like in old inflation, by which the saddle inflation could be avoided. Further, we study a cascade of old locked inflation, which can be motivated by the string landscape. Our model is based on the consideration of making locked inflation feasible so as to give a working model without slow roll; It also can be seen as an effort to embed the old inflation in string landscape.

The influence of ApoE genotype on the lipid profile and lipoproteins ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The influence of ApoE genotype on the lipid profile and lipoproteins during normal pregnancy in a Southern African population. Donald Moshen Tanyanyiwa1,2, Adrian David Marais3, Pamela Byrnes3, Sheena Jones3. 1. Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and ...

MINOR HUMAN-ANTIBODY RESPONSE TO A MOUSE AND CHIMERIC MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY AFTER A SINGLE IV INFUSION IN OVARIAN-CARCINOMA PATIENTS - A COMPARISON OF 5 ASSAYS

NARCIS (Netherlands)

BUIST, MR; KENEMANS, P; VANKAMP, GJ; Haisma, Hidde

The human anti-(mouse Ig) antibody (HAMA) response was measured in serum of 52 patients suspected of having ovarian carcinoma who had received an i.v. injection of either the murine monoclonal antibody (mAb) OV-TL 3 F(ab')(2) (n = 28, 1 mg) or the chimeric mouse/human mAb MOv18 (cMOv18; n = 24, 3

Development of a research prototype computer &apos;Wearables&apos; that one can wear on his or her body. Minitsukeru computer &apos;Wearables&apos; kenkyuyo shisakuki wo kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1999-02-01

Development has been made on a prototype of a wearable computer &apos;Wearables&apos; that makes the present notebook type PC still smaller in size, can be worn on human body for utilization at any time and from anywhere, and aims at realizing a social infrastructure. Using the company&apos;s portable PC, Libretto as the base, the keyboard and the liquid crystal display panel were removed. To replace these functions, a voice inputting microphone, and various types of head mounting type displays (glasses type) mounted on a head to see images are connected. Provided as the means for information communication between the prototype computer and outside environments are infrared ray interface and data communication function using wireless (electric wave) communications. The wireless desk area network (DAN) technology that can structure dynamically a network between multiple number of computers has realized smooth communications with external environments. The voice recognition technology that can work efficiently against noise has realized keyboard-free operation that gives no neural stress to users. The &apos;wearable computer&apos; aims at not only users utilizing it simply wearing it, but also providing a new perception ability that could not have been seen or heard directly to date, that is realizing the digital sensation. With the computer, a society will be structured in which people can live comfortably and safely, maintaining conversations between the users and the computers, and interactions between the surrounding environment and the social infrastructures, with protection of individual privacy and information security taken into consideration. The company is working with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) for research and development of the &apos;wearable computer&apos; as to how it can be utilized and basic technologies that will be required in the future. (translated by NEDO)

Enhanced hepatic apoA-I secretion and peripheral efflux of cholesterol and phospholipid in CD36 null mice.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pin Yue

2010-03-01

Full Text Available CD36 facilitates oxidized low density lipoprotein uptake and is implicated in development of atherosclerotic lesions. CD36 also binds unmodified high and very low density lipoproteins (HDL, VLDL but its role in the metabolism of these particles is unclear. Several polymorphisms in the CD36 gene were recently shown to associate with serum HDL cholesterol. To gain insight into potential mechanisms for these associations we examined HDL metabolism in CD36 null (CD36(-/- mice. Feeding CD36(-/- mice a high cholesterol diet significantly increased serum HDL, cholesterol and phospholipids, as compared to wild type mice. HDL apolipoproteins apoA-I and apoA-IV were increased and shifted to higher density HDL fractions suggesting altered particle maturation. Clearance of dual-labeled HDL was unchanged in CD36(-/- mice and cholesterol uptake from HDL or LDL by isolated CD36(-/- hepatocytes was unaltered. However, CD36(-/- hepatocytes had higher cholesterol and phospholipid efflux rates. In addition, expression and secretion of apoA-I and apoA-IV were increased reflecting enhanced PXR. Similar to hepatocytes, cholesterol and phospholipid efflux were enhanced in CD36(-/- macrophages without changes in protein levels of ABCA1, ABCG1 or SR-B1. However, biotinylation assays showed increased surface ABCA1 localization in CD36(-/- cells. In conclusion, CD36 influences reverse cholesterol transport and hepatic ApoA-I production. Both pathways are enhanced in CD36 deficiency, increasing HDL concentrations, which suggests the potential benefit of CD36 inhibition.

&apos;&apos;Is it really green?&apos;&apos; Long-term performance of monocrystalline solar modules as illustrated by the example of a photovoltaic pumping station in a natural reserve (&apos;&apos;Schwenninger Moos&apos;&apos;); &apos;&apos;Is it really green?&apos;&apos; Langzeiterfahrung mit monokristallinen Solarmodulen am Beispiel der photovoltaischen Pumpstation Schwenninger Moos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Assbeck, Franz [Hochschule Furtwangen (Germany). Fakultaet Computer und Electrical Engineering

2010-03-15

In 1991, a photovoltaic pumping station was commissioned in the natural reserve &apos;&apos;Schwenninger Moos&apos;&apos; in the southern Black Forest. The pumping station was dismantled when the land was used for the 2010 Baden-Wuerttemberg &apos;Landesgartenschau&apos; (garden festival). After 18 years of operation, the plant provided valuable information on the long-term performance of monocrystalline solar modules, so the author made detailed measurements and evaluations just before the plant was dismantled, in an attempt to find out about its long-term performance and cost efficiency. The results are presented here. (orig.)

Characterization and behavior in the environment of the crude oil &apos;'Prestige'&apos;; Caracterisation et comportement dans l&apos;environnement du fioul &apos;'Prestige'&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2003-03-01

This study presents analysis realized on the crude oil of the tanker &apos;'Prestige'&apos; which sunk the 19 november 2002. The specifications on the product and its behavior in sea water are detailed. All the analysis are compared to the &apos;'Erika'&apos; crude oil. (A.L.B.)

In vitro metabolism of 2,2&apos;,3,4&apos;,5,5&apos;,6-heptachlorobiphenyl(CB187) with liver microsomes of rats, hamsters and guinea pigs

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Koga, N.; Ohta, C.; Kanamaru, T. [Nakamura Gakuen Univ., Fukuoka (Japan); Haraguchi, K. [Daiichi Coll. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka (Japan); Kato, Y.; Yamada, S. [Univ. of Shizuoka, Shizuoka (Japan)

2004-09-15

PCB congeners possess extremely high lipophilicity and biological stability, and as a result they are not easily eliminated from the body once ingested. In particular, not only 2,4,5-trichlorosubstituted but also 6 or more chlorine-substituted PCBs such as 2,2&apos;,3&apos;,4,4&apos;,5-hexa-chlorobiphenyl (hexaCB) (CB138), 2,2&apos;,4,4&apos;,5,5&apos;-hexaCB (CB153), 2,2&apos;,3,4,4&apos;,5,5&apos;-heptachloro-biphenyl (heptaCB) (CB180) and 2,2&apos;,3,4&apos;,5,5&apos;,6-heptaCB (CB187) have been detected in blood and adipose tissues of mammals and human mother&apos;s milk at higher concentration. In addition, the 4-hydroxy (OH)-metabolite of CB187 has been reported to be present in human blood at the highest concentration of that derived from other PCB congeners. Although CB187, a tri-ortho-PCB, is one of the minor component in the commercial PCB preparations such as Clophen, Aroclor and Kanechlor, the toxic equivalency factor (TEF) which is used for dioxin-like PCB congeners including coplanar-PCBs and mono-ortho-PCBs to assess the potency of the toxicity has not been set up for di- and tri-ortho-PCB congeners. These facts indicate that 4-OH-PCB187 become more persistent and more important toxicologically than the parent CB187. However, there is little report about biotransformation in vivo or in vitro of CB187 in animals. Therefore, we examined CB187 metabolism by liver microsomes of rats, hamsters and guinea pigs.

Energy and the new class. [Assault of &apos;&apos;new breed&apos;&apos; of American on established institutions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

King, L.

1979-03-14

The bounty of the US is taken for granted by its population. Nowhere is this misvaluation of a society and its benefits more evident than in the energy industries. But energy represents a tool by which society can be shaped; a device by which the standared of living and the very nature of the national lifestyle can be controlled, modified, amplified, or reduced. Two examples examined to show how energy shapes social order and human life are the women&apos;s movement and the desire to live in the Sunbelt. Five phenomena are then examined to point out the desire to restrain the nation&apos;s rampant pursuit of a higher standard of living, as opposed to the more subjective and seemingly more desirable goal of a better quality of life: the civil rights movement; the environmental movement; the Vietnam War; the Watergate scandal; and the assumption that prosperity at today&apos;s level is irreducible, concrete, and not subject to diminution. The &apos;&apos;new class&apos;&apos; is essentially made up of those educated in the liberal arts, divorced from an understanding of the mechanics of free-enterprise institutions and of the sicences. The antagonistic view of the new class of corporations and its assault on established institutions are noted. Energy companies are frustrated in telling their story, but the story that must be told is not the story of how excellently the energy sector has performed, but the story of how a new breed of Americans is seeking to remake America in its own image without the rest being aware of what is going on. (MCW)

BSN723T Prevents Atherosclerosis and Weight Gain in ApoE Knockout Mice Fed a Western Diet

OpenAIRE

Williams, Jarrod; Ensor, Charles; Gardner, Scott; Smith, Rebecca; Lodder, Robert

2015-01-01

Objective This study tests the hypothesis that BSN723T can prevent the development of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- knockout mice fed a Western (high fat, high cholesterol, and high sucrose) diet. BSN723T is a combination drug therapy consisting of D-tagatose and dihydromyricetin (BSN723). Background D-tagatose has an antihyperglycemic effect in animal and human studies and shows promise as a treatment for type 2 diabetes and obesity. Many claims regarding BSN723's pharmacolog...

The &apos;mini&apos; and &apos;micro&apos; energy sources and their limitations; Les &apos;'minis'&apos; et &apos;'micros'&apos; sources d&apos;energie et leurs limites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anon.

2004-03-01

The &apos;Science and defense 2003&apos; colloquium took place in Paris on December 2 and 3. It was organized by the general delegation of armament (DGA), the French atomic energy commission (CEA) with the participation of the national center of scientific research (CNRS) and the French ministry of research and new technologies. The main topic was the needs and the solutions implemented in the domain of energy sources both for civil and military portable applications. This article make a general summary of the content of this colloquium only in the domain of small power energy sources: emergence of new miniaturized portable devices (phones, computers, cameras, autonomous medical systems, wireless communication systems, soldiers equipments, drones etc..), improvement of batteries energy density and price, new needs linked with new functionalities, technological challenges (energy generation and recovery systems, miniaturized fuel-cells, use of recoverable energy sources, implantation of power sources in the human body etc..), new technological files (new electrode materials, micron- or sub-micron scale mechanical and electronic components, sensors, micro-motors, transfer of microelectronics technologies, hybrid systems..), international competition. (J.S.)

The &apos;&apos;rising bubble&apos;&apos; sign: a new aid in the diagnosis of unicameral bone cysts

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jordanov, Martin I. [Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Nashville, TN (United States)

2009-06-15

The observation of a bubble of gas at the most non-dependent margin of a lytic bone lesion which has sustained a pathologic fracture implies that the lesion is hollow and can assist the radiologist in making the diagnosis of a unicameral bone cyst. The imaging studies of two patients who sustained pathologic fractures through unicameral bone cysts and exhibited the &apos;&apos;rising bubble&apos;&apos; sign are shown. The sign&apos;s basis, proper utilization, and potential pitfalls are discussed. (orig.)

5-Chloro-2-(2&apos;-((dimethylamino)methyl)-4&apos;-iodophenylthio)benzenamine: a new serotonin transporter ligand

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oya, Shunichi [Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (United States); Choi, Seok-Rye [Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (United States); Kung, Mei-Ping [Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (United States); Kung, Hank F. [Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (United States); Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (United States)

2007-02-15

Two novel ligands with 4&apos; substitution on the Phenyl Ring B of biphenylthiol, 5-chloro-2-(2&apos;-((dimethylamino)methyl)-4&apos;-iodophenylthio)benzenamine (7) and 2-(2&apos;-((dimethylamino)methyl)-4&apos;-methoxyphenylthio)-5-iodobenzenamine (8), were prepared and tested as potential serotonin transporter (SERT) imaging agents. The new ligands displayed extremely high binding affinities to SERT (K {sub i}=0.22{+-}0.09 and 0.11{+-}0.04 nM, respectively), with very low binding affinities to dopamine and norepinephrine transporters (K {sub i}>1000 nM). The corresponding [{sup 125}I]7 and [{sup 125}I]8 were successfully prepared from tri-n-butyltin derivatives. They showed good brain uptakes and prolonged retention after intravenous injection in rats (brain uptake was 1.77% and 0.98% dose/g for [{sup 125}I]7, and 0.92% and 0.29% dose/g for [{sup 125}I]8, at 2 and 120 min, respectively). Significantly, [{sup 125}I]7 showed excellent uptake and prolonged retention in the hypothalamus, where SERT concentration was highest. The hypothalamus/cerebellum (HY/CB) ratios (target/background ratios) were 4.24, 7.10, 8.24 and 12.6 at 2, 4, 6 and 12 h, respectively. The HY/CB ratios for [{sup 125}I]8 were 3.97, 5.57 and 5.06 at 1, 2 and 4 h, respectively. Adding the 4&apos;-iodo group to the Phenyl Ring B of Compound (7) appeared to reduce the rate of clearance from the brain, and kinetics favored uptake and retention in the hypothalamus. The localization of [{sup 125}I]7 in the hypothalamus region in the rat brain could be blocked by pretreatment with (+)McN5652, escitalopram and ADAM (2), which are all selective SERT ligands (at 2 mg/kg iv, 5 min pretreatment). Ex vivo autoradiograms of rat brain sections (at 4 h after intravenous injection of [{sup 125}I]7) showed intense labeling in regions of the brain known to have high SERT density. The excellent selective uptake and retention in the hypothalamus region suggest that [{sup 123}I]7 is a potential lead compound for

Glymphatic distribution of CSF-derived apoE into brain is isoform specific and suppressed during sleep deprivation.

Science.gov (United States)

Achariyar, Thiyagaragan M; Li, Baoman; Peng, Weiguo; Verghese, Philip B; Shi, Yang; McConnell, Evan; Benraiss, Abdellatif; Kasper, Tristan; Song, Wei; Takano, Takahiro; Holtzman, David M; Nedergaard, Maiken; Deane, Rashid

2016-12-08

Apolipoprotein E (apoE) is a major carrier of cholesterol and essential for synaptic plasticity. In brain, it's expressed by many cells but highly expressed by the choroid plexus and the predominant apolipoprotein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The role of apoE in the CSF is unclear. Recently, the glymphatic system was described as a clearance system whereby CSF and ISF (interstitial fluid) is exchanged via the peri-arterial space and convective flow of ISF clearance is mediated by aquaporin 4 (AQP4), a water channel. We reasoned that this system also serves to distribute essential molecules in CSF into brain. The aim was to establish whether apoE in CSF, secreted by the choroid plexus, is distributed into brain, and whether this distribution pattern was altered by sleep deprivation. We used fluorescently labeled lipidated apoE isoforms, lenti-apoE3 delivered to the choroid plexus, immunohistochemistry to map apoE brain distribution, immunolabeled cells and proteins in brain, Western blot analysis and ELISA to determine apoE levels and radiolabeled molecules to quantify CSF inflow into brain and brain clearance in mice. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA or Student's t- test. We show that the glymphatic fluid transporting system contributes to the delivery of choroid plexus/CSF-derived human apoE to neurons. CSF-delivered human apoE entered brain via the perivascular space of penetrating arteries and flows radially around arteries, but not veins, in an isoform specific manner (apoE2 > apoE3 > apoE4). Flow of apoE around arteries was facilitated by AQP4, a characteristic feature of the glymphatic system. ApoE3, delivered by lentivirus to the choroid plexus and ependymal layer but not to the parenchymal cells, was present in the CSF, penetrating arteries and neurons. The inflow of CSF, which contains apoE, into brain and its clearance from the interstitium were severely suppressed by sleep deprivation compared to the sleep state. Thus, choroid plexus

&apos;Omics analysis of low dose acetaminophen intake demonstrates novel response pathways in humans

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jetten, Marlon J.A.; Gaj, Stan [Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, Universitiessingel 50 6229 ER Maastricht (Netherlands); Ruiz-Aracama, Ainhoa [RIKILT, Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen UR, PO Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen (Netherlands); Kok, Theo M. de [Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, Universitiessingel 50 6229 ER Maastricht (Netherlands); Delft, Joost H.M. van, E-mail: j.vandelft@maastrichtuniversity.nl [Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, Universitiessingel 50 6229 ER Maastricht (Netherlands); Lommen, Arjen [RIKILT, Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen UR, PO Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen (Netherlands); Someren, Eugene P. van [Research Group Microbiology and Systems Biology, TNO, PO Box 360 3700 AJ Zeist (Netherlands); Jennen, Danyel G.J.; Claessen, Sandra M. [Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, Universitiessingel 50 6229 ER Maastricht (Netherlands); Peijnenburg, Ad A.C.M. [RIKILT, Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen UR, PO Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen (Netherlands); Stierum, Rob H. [Research Group Microbiology and Systems Biology, TNO, PO Box 360 3700 AJ Zeist (Netherlands); Kleinjans, Jos C.S. [Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, Universitiessingel 50 6229 ER Maastricht (Netherlands)

2012-03-15

Acetaminophen is the primary cause of acute liver toxicity in Europe/USA, which led the FDA to reconsider recommendations concerning safe acetaminophen dosage/use. Unfortunately, the current tests for liver toxicity are no ideal predictive markers for liver injury, i.e. they only measure acetaminophen exposure after profound liver toxicity has already occurred. Furthermore, these tests do not provide mechanistic information. Here, &apos;omics techniques (global analysis of metabolomic/gene-expression responses) may provide additional insight. To better understand acetaminophen-induced responses at low doses, we evaluated the effects of (sub-)therapeutic acetaminophen doses on metabolite formation and global gene-expression changes (including, for the first time, full-genome human miRNA expression changes) in blood/urine samples from healthy human volunteers. Many known and several new acetaminophen-metabolites were detected, in particular in relation to hepatotoxicity-linked, oxidative metabolism of acetaminophen. Transcriptomic changes indicated immune-modulating effects (2 g dose) and oxidative stress responses (4 g dose). For the first time, effects of acetaminophen on full-genome human miRNA expression have been considered and confirmed the findings on mRNA level. &apos;Omics techniques outperformed clinical chemistry tests and revealed novel response pathways to acetaminophen in humans. Although no definitive conclusion about potential immunotoxic effects of acetaminophen can be drawn from this study, there are clear indications that the immune system is triggered even after intake of low doses of acetaminophen. Also, oxidative stress-related gene responses, similar to those seen after high dose acetaminophen exposure, suggest the occurrence of possible pre-toxic effects of therapeutic acetaminophen doses. Possibly, these effects are related to dose-dependent increases in levels of hepatotoxicity-related metabolites. -- Highlights: ► &apos;Omics techniques

Nuclear waste disposal. A wicked and highly conflict bearing societal problem; Nukleare Entsorgung. Ein &apos;'wicked'&apos; und hoechst konfliktbehaftetes Gesellschaftsproblem

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brunnengraeber, Achim; Mez, Lutz [Freie Univ. Berlin (Germany). Forschungszentrum fuer Umweltpolitik; Di Nucci, Maria Rosaria; Schreuers, Miranda [Freie Univ. Berlin (Germany)

2012-12-15

The final disposal of nuclear wastes is called &apos;'messy'&apos; or &apos;'wicked'&apos; in the political science literature. The highly complicated problems are characterized by a number of features such as intra- and inter-generational aspects and ethical questions. In the case of stakeholders the differences concern ideologies, interests, merits and preferences that cause conflicts. The search for solutions is complicated due to interacting political, social, ecologic, economic and technical aspects. The concepts &apos;&apos;wicked problems&apos;&apos; and &apos;'multi-level-governance'&apos; are promising approaches to solve the complicated situation.

Experimental project with &apos;&apos;green fingers&apos;&apos;. A monitoring informs on successes and failures of Helsinki&apos;s Eco-City; Experimentelles Projekt mit &apos;&apos;gruenen Fingern&apos;&apos;. Ein Monitoring gibt Auskunft ueber Erfolge und Misserfolge von Helsinkis &apos;'Oeko-Stadt'&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Meyer, Ulf [Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS (United States). Sustainable Architecture and Urban Design

2012-07-01

Of all things, at the extreme edge of Europe, the future of the European city is being rethought: with the new neighborhood &apos;'Viikki'&apos; the Finnish capital Helsinki has built their first eco-city. Eight years after its completion it is time for an evaluation. The founders draw a quite self-critical summary. The monitoring of Eco-Viikki is unusually accurate and thus gives interesting insights for other construction projects in Europe.

Minor human antibody response to a mouse and chimeric monoclonal antibody after a single i.v. infusion in ovarian carcinoma patients: a comparison of five assays

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Buist, M. R.; Kenemans, P.; van Kamp, G. J.; Haisma, H. J.

1995-01-01

The human anti-(mouse Ig) antibody (HAMA) response was measured in serum of 52 patients suspected of having ovarian carcinoma who had received an i.v. injection of either the murine monoclonal antibody (mAb) OV-TL 3 F(ab')2 (n = 28, 1 mg) or the chimeric mouse/human mAb MOv18 (cMOv18; n = 24, 3 mg).

Geochemical modelling of the weathering zone of the &apos;Mina Fe&apos; U deposit (Spain): A natural analogue for nuclear spent fuel alteration and stability processes in radwaste disposal

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arcos, D. [AMPHOS XXI Consulting S.L., Passeig de Rubi, 29-31, 08197 Valldoreix, Barcelona (Spain)], E-mail: david.arcos@amphos21.com; Perez del Villar, L. [CIEMAT, Dpto.de Medio Ambiente, Avda, Complutense 22, 28040 Madrid (Spain); Bruno, J.; Domenech, C. [AMPHOS XXI Consulting S.L., Passeig de Rubi, 29-31, 08197 Valldoreix, Barcelona (Spain)

2008-04-15

The &apos;Mina Fe&apos; U deposit (Salamanca, Spain) has been studied in the context of Enresa&apos;s programme for U-mine sites restoration and also as a natural analogue for processes in high-level nuclear waste (HLNW) geological disposal. The investigations encompassed an array of geoscience disciplines, such as structural geology, mineralogy, hydrogeology and elemental and isotopic geochemistry and hydrogeochemistry of the site. Based on the obtained results, a conceptual mineralogical and geochemical model was performed integrating the main geochemical processes occurring at the site: the interaction between oxidised and slightly acidic water with pyrite, pitchblende, calcite and dolomite, as essential minerals of the U fracture-filling mineralisation, and hydroxyapatite from the host rock, as the main source of P. This conceptual model has been tested in a systematic numerical model, which includes the main kinetic (pyrite and pitchblende dissolution) and equilibrium processes (carbonate mineral dissolution, and goethite, schoepite and autunite secondary precipitation). The results obtained from the reactive-transport model satisfactorily agree with the conceptual model previously established. The assumption of the precipitation of coffinite as a secondary mineral in the system cannot be correctly evaluated due to the lack of hydrochemical data from the reducing zone of the site and valid thermodynamic and kinetic data for this hydrated U(IV)-silicate. This precipitation can also be hampered by the probable existence of dissolved U(IV)-organic matter and/or uranyl carbonate complexes, which are thermodynamically stable under the alkaline and reducing conditions that prevail in the reducing zone of the system. Finally, the intense downwards oxic and acidic alteration in the upper part of the system is of no relevance for the performance assessment of a HLNW disposal. However, the acidic and oxidised conditions are quickly buffered to neutral-alkaline and

The extraction neptunium by trilaurylamine; L&apos;extraction du neptunium par le trilaurylamine

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Champion, J.; Chesne, A. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1964-07-01

The extraction by trilaurylamine of neptunium (IV) from nitric acid and sulfuric acid-nitric acid media has been studied with the aim of developing a purification process for this element. Relative to the plutonium-neptunium separation, conditions are given for the oxidation of neptunium (IV) in sulfuric acid-nitric acid medium and data are presented on the stabilisation of the + 4 oxidation state by the organic solvent. Two procedures have been developed for the simultaneous purification of the two actinides. Both are based on the trilaurylamine extraction of the tetravalent nitrate species. The first utilises a constant redox potential fixed by Fe{sup +++} /Fe{sup ++} couple, while in the second, valencies are determined by successive addition of nitrite and ferrous ions. Gram quantities of neptunium 237 has been recovered from plutonium process solution. Alternate procedures are suggested for the chemical processing of irradiated Np{sup 237}. (authors) [French] L&apos;extraction du neptunium par le trilaurylamine en milieu nitrique et sulfonitrique a ete etudiee dans le cadre de la recherche des procedes de purification de cet element. En vue d&apos;effectuer la separation neptunium-plutonium on a precise d&apos;une part les conditions d&apos;oxydation du Np{sup 4+} en milieu sulfonitrique, d&apos;autre part l&apos;influence du solvant sur la stabilite des valences de ces deux elements. Deux procedes de purification simultanee des deux actinides ont ete developpes. Ils sont bases sur l&apos;extraction du nitrate des elements tetravalents dans la trilaury lamine. Dans l&apos;un, la solution a extraire a un potentiel redox fixe par un systeme auxiliaire (Fe{sup +++}/Fe{sup ++}), dans l&apos;autre elle subit dans le meme extracteur des additions successives de nitrite et de fer ferreux. On decrit un essai semi-industriel de recuperation de neptunium 237 a partir de solution provenant de l&apos;usine de production de plutonium de Marcoule. Differents schemas

Radioimmunodetection of human tumor xenografts by monoclonal antibody F(ab&apos;)/sub 2/ fragments

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Herlyn, D.; Munz, D.L.; Herlyn, M.; Koprowski, H.; Powe, J.; Alavi, A.; Meinken, G.E.; Srivastava, S.C.

1986-01-01

Procedures are described for the radiolocalization of human tumors by murine monoclonal antibodies (MAb) in animal model systems. Visualization of tumor xenografts was clearer in nude mice compared to experimentally immunosuppressed mice due to the higher tumor viability. MAb localization in tumor tissue was greatly enhanced when F(ab&apos;)/sub 2/ fragments rather than intact antibody molecules were used. Although tumors could be visualized with /sup 131/I-, /sup 123/I-or /sup 111/In-labeled MAb fragments without background subtraction, tumor-to-background ratios of radioactivity were highest for /sup 131/I-labeled fragments. /sup 131/I-labeled F(ab&apos;)/sub 2/ fragments of eight MAb against human colorectal carcinoma, melanoma or lung carcinoma localized specifically only in those tumors that bound the MAb in vitro and not in unrelated tumors. Radiolabeled fragments of MAb with other specificities (anti-hepatitis virus MAb) did not localize in tumors. All MAb that inhibited tumor growth in nude mice effectively localized these tumors by ..gamma..-scintigraphy. Some MAb were effective in localizing tumors but ineffective in inhibiting their growth. The ability of the specific radiolabeled F(ab&apos;)/sub 2/ fragments to localize in tumor grafts correlated significantly with MAb binding affinity and density of antigenic sites on tumor cells together, but not with either in vitro binding parameter alone.

Why Germany&apos;s &apos;Messy&apos; energy transition should be a lesson to other nations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shepherd, John [nuclear 24, Brighton (United Kingdom)

2015-03-15

Germany&apos;s so-called &apos;&apos;energy transition&apos;&apos; (&apos;'Energiewende'&apos;) is increasingly drawing the intention of the international community - but it seems for all the wrong reasons. US Senator Lamar Alexander said recently that German energy policy is one of the reasons the US should not abandon nuclear, but actually encourage increased investment in nuclear power plants. Alexander&apos;s remarks were made in an article published by the US Nuclear Energy Institute, in which he outlined his reasons why the US should not follow Germany&apos;s lead. Alexander rightly pointed out that the cost of attempting to replace nuclear power with wind, solar, and accompanying infrastructure is estimated by the German government at some 1.2 trillion US dollars (about 1 trillion Euros). The senator also made the point that Germany &apos;&apos;does not produce enough reliable, baseload energy for an important manufacturing economy&apos;&apos;. He also expressed concern at Germany&apos;s reliance on buying natural gas from Russia. While Germany has been forcing the closure of nuclear power plants others, including the oil-rich United Arab Emirates (UAE), have been investing in new nuclear, Alexander said. Judging from Alexander&apos;s remarks, it seems that Germany&apos;s energy transition experience will, after all, have a long-lasting legacy. That legacy will be a valuable lesson to other major industrialised nations in why they should not follow Germany&apos;s lead in abandoning a sensible energy mix, if they wish to maintain and develop economic and industrial productivity while keeping to international commitments to tackle climate change.

Proposal of a simple screening method for a rapid preliminary evaluation of &apos;&apos;heavy metals&apos;&apos; mobility in soils of contaminated sites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pinto, Valentina; Chiusolo, Francesca; Cremisini, Carlo [ENEA - Italian Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Environment, Rome (Italy). Section PROTCHIM

2010-09-15

Risks associated to &apos;&apos;heavy metals&apos;&apos; (HM) soil contamination depend not only on their total content but, mostly, on their mobility. Many extraction procedures have been developed to evaluate HM mobility in contaminated soils, but they are generally time consuming (especially the sequential extraction procedures (SEPs)) and consequently applicable on a limited number of samples. For this reason, a simple screening method, applicable even &apos;&apos;in field&apos;&apos;, has been proposed in order to obtain a rapid evaluation of HM mobility in polluted soils, mainly focused on the fraction associated to Fe and Mn oxide/hydroxides. A buffer solution of trisodium citrate and hydroxylamine hydrochloride was used as extractant for a single-step leaching test. The choice of this buffered solution was strictly related to the possibility of directly determining, via titration with dithizone (DZ), the content of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd, which are among the most representative contaminants in highly mineralised soils. Moreover, the extraction solution is similar, aside from for the pH value, which is the one used in the BCR SEP second step. The analysis of bivalents ions through DZ titration was exploited in order to further simplify and quicken the whole procedure. The proposed method generically measures, in few minutes, the concentration of total extractable &apos;&apos;heavy metals&apos;&apos; expressed as molL{sup -1} without distinguishing between elements. The proposed screening method has been developed and applied on soil samples collected from rural, urban and mining areas, representing different situation of soil contamination. Results were compared with data obtained from the BCR procedure. The screening method demonstrated to be a reliable tool for a rapid evaluation of metals mobility. Therefore, it could be very useful, even &apos;&apos;in field&apos;&apos;, both to guide the sampling activity on site and to monitor the efficacy of the subsequent

Aharonov-Bohm effect for a fermion field in a planar black hole &apos;'spacetime'&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anacleto, M.A.; Mohammadi, A. [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Departamento de Fisica, Caixa Postal 10071, Campina Grande, Paraiba (Brazil); Brito, F.A. [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Departamento de Fisica, Caixa Postal 10071, Campina Grande, Paraiba (Brazil); Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Departamento de Fisica, Caixa Postal 5008, Joao Pessoa, Paraiba (Brazil); Passos, E. [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Departamento de Fisica, Caixa Postal 10071, Campina Grande, Paraiba (Brazil); Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Fisica, Caixa Postal 21945, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)

2017-04-15

In this paper we consider the dynamics of a massive spinor field in the background of the acoustic black hole spacetime. Although this effective metric is acoustic and describes the propagation of sound waves, it can be considered as a toy model for the gravitational black hole. In this manner, we study the properties of the dynamics of the fermion field in this &apos;'gravitational'&apos; rotating black hole as well as the vortex background. We compute the differential cross section through the use of the partial wave approach and show that an effect similar to the gravitational Aharonov-Bohm effect occurs for the massive fermion field moving in this effective metric. We discuss the limiting cases and compare the results with the massless scalar field case. (orig.)

The automobile of the future: engine technologies and automotive fuels developed by IFP; l&apos;automobile du futur: les technologies moteurs et carburants developpes par l&apos;IFP

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Appert, O.; Pinchon, Ph.

2004-07-01

In front of the challenges of climate change and depletion of petroleum reserves, in front of the continuous strengthening of pollution regulations applied to automobile (Euro IV and V) and the advances of R and D, several ways of research can be explored to answer the mobility needs of the coming decades. The IFP takes stock of these topics in this press kit which comprises 11 documents: the synthesis of O. Appert and P. Pinchon&apos;s talk about &apos;the cleaner and multi-energies automobile of the future&apos;, the slides of this presentation, the future evolutions of automobiles motorizations, the long-term evolutions of engines/fuels (brief for the Panorama 2004 colloquium), diesel fuel in the USA (brief for the Panorama 2004 colloquium), bio-fuels in Europe (brief for the Panorama 2004 colloquium), diesel pollution abatement: efficient results from the IFP&apos;s diesel combustion process &apos;NADI&apos;(TM), the presentation of the IFP scientific meeting of September 22-23, 2004 &apos;which fuels for low CO{sub 2} engines?&apos;, the strategic positioning of IFP in the world energy and environmental context, the brochures &apos;IFP engines and fuels: a competitive advantage&apos; and &apos;innovating for a sustainable development in the domain of energy&apos;. (J.S.)

Design Concept of a Seal-off Type 14 MeV Neutron Generator of 10&apos;&apos;1&apos;&apos;1n/s Range

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In, S. R.; Oh, B. H. [KAERI, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2015-05-15

The total neutron fluence during the life time is expected to be around 10MW·yr/m&apos;&apos;2 which may cause a damage of -100 dpa in materials. To estimate the adaptability of candidate materials in a few years, a 14MeV neutron source with a flux level of 3 - 5 x 10&apos;&apos;1&apos;&apos;8 n/s·m&apos;&apos;2, which is the goal of the IFMIF facility costing more than ¤1000M, is necessitated. The problem in making an intense neutron generator of beam target type is really not on the neutron production rate, but on the huge heat generated in the target, because the fusion power is only one of thousands of beam power exerted on the target. We have a plan to develop neutron generators step by step from a 10&apos;&apos;8 n/s level. The final goal is establishing a 14MeV neutron irradiation facility at 10&apos;&apos;1&apos;&apos;4 intensity level.. Up to the 10&apos;&apos;1&apos;&apos;0 n/s level, there occurs basically no critical thermal problem, because beam power density is in the range of tens W/cm&apos;&apos;2. The neutron generator designed in a sealed-off type because of tritium safety is mainly composed of an ion source, target, reaction chamber, and getter pump.. The major design concepts for the neutron generator with the neutron production rate of 10&apos;&apos;1&apos;&apos;1 n/s range were presented. The specifications of the ion source, target and getter have been determined for attaining the goal of the neutron generation rate.

XVII International Scientific Conference &apos;&apos;RESHETNEV READINGS&apos;&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2015-01-01

The International Scientific Conference &apos;RESHETNEV READINGS&apos; is dedicated to the memory of Mikhail Reshetnev, an outstanding scientist, chief-constructor of space-rocket systems and communication satellites. The current volume represents selected proceedings of the main conference materials which were published by XVII International Scientific Conference &apos;RESHETNEV READINGS&apos; held on November 12 – 14, 2013. Plenary sessions, round tables and forums will be attended by famous scientists, developers and designers representing the space technology sector, as well as professionals and experts in the IT industry. A number of outstanding academic figures expressed their interest in an event of such a level including Jaures Alferov, Vice-president of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Academician of RAS, Nobel laureate, Dirk Bochar, General Secretary of the European Federation of National Engineering Associates (FEANI), Prof. Yuri Gulyaev, Academician of RAS, Member of the Presidium of RAS, President of the International Union of Scientific and Engineering Associations, Director of the Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of RAS, as well as rectors of the largest universities in Russia, chief executives of well-known research enterprises and representatives of big businesses. We would like to thank our main sponsors such as JSC &apos;&apos;Reshetnev Information Satellite Systems&apos;&apos;, JSC &apos;&apos;Krasnoyarsk Engineering Plant&apos;&apos;, Central Design Bureau &apos;'Geophysics'&apos;, Krasnoyarsk Region Authorities. These enterprises and companies are leading ones in the aerospace branch. It is a great pleasure to cooperate and train specialists for them. (preface)

&apos;&apos;House in park&apos;&apos; gold plated. Subsequent certification for the new office building; &apos;&apos;Haus im Park&apos;&apos; vergoldet. Nachtraegliche LEED-Zertifizierung fuer neues Buerogebaeude

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Herzog, Kati; Wildhack, Alice [Bilfinger Berger AG, Mannheim (Germany). Abt. Nachhaltigkeit/Energieeffizienz

2011-07-01

In March 2011, the &apos;&apos;house in park&apos;&apos; received the signet LEED {sup registered} of the U.S. Green Building Council (Washington, North Carolina, U.S.A.) in &apos;'gold'&apos;. In general, it is the second German project that was awarded with &apos;'gold'&apos; in the certification version &apos;&apos;New Construction, version 2009&apos;&apos;. The special challenge: In the planning phase, no aspects relevant to planning and execution with regard to LEED were implemented. In total there are 15 LEED-certified buildings actually in Germany (worldwide: 7,894). 115 Projects are registered (worldwide: 23,238). The trend is increasing, both nationally as well as internationally.

&apos;'SMART'&apos; MULTIFUNCTIONAL POLYMERS FOR ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Charles McCormick; Andrew Lowe

2004-10-20

Herein we report the aqueous polymerization of acrylamide using reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization to perform a comprehensive study on the polymerization of acrylamide. More specifically, the effect of polymerization conditions on the polymerization kinetics, molecular weight control, and blocking ability were examined. With this in mind, it was necessary to prepare &apos;'A'&apos; block (corona of the micelle) from a hydrophilic monomer. The responsive &apos;'B'&apos; block present in the core will be disclosed in the next two reports.

A human osteosarcoma cell line expressing herpes simplex type-1 thymidine kinase: studies with radiolabeled (E)-5-(2-iodovinyl)-2&apos;-fluoro-2&apos;-deoxyuridine

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Morin, Kevin W. [Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2N8 (Canada); Duan Weili [Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2N8 (Canada); Knaus, Edward E. [Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2N8 (Canada); McEwan, Alexander J.B. [Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2N8 (Canada); Wiebe, Leonard I. [Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2N8 (Canada)]. E-mail: leonard.wiebe@ualberta.ca

2005-07-01

Introduction: (E)-5-(2-Iodovinyl)-2&apos;-fluoro-2&apos;-deoxyuridine (IVFRU) is a pyrimidine nucleoside analogue that accumulates selectively in murine cells expressing herpes simplex type-1 thymidine kinase (HSV-1 TK). The uptake of [{sup 125}I]IVFRU in human 143B osteosarcoma cells transduced with a retroviral vector bearing the HSV-1 TK gene (143B-LTK cells) is now reported. Methods: HSV-1 TK gene expression in 143B-LTK cells was confirmed by Western blotting and reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR. Cell and subcellular uptake of [{sup 125}I]IVFRU was determined in cell culture, and whole body biodistribution after intravenous injection of [{sup 125}I]IVFRU was determined using nude mice bearing implanted 143B or 143B-LTK tumors. Results: Although IVFRU was less toxic to the human cell line expressing HSV-1 TK (143B-LTK) than ganciclovir, both IVFRU and ganciclovir were not toxic to the cell line not expressing HSV-1 TK (143B). When cells were exposed to [{sup 125}I]IVFRU in vitro, only the 143B-LTK cells accumulated radioactivity. The acid-soluble fraction from 143B-LTK cell lysates contained 8-fold greater activity than the acid-insoluble fraction after an 8-h exposure to [{sup 125}I]IVFRU. Biodistribution of [{sup 125}I]IVFRU in nude mice bearing subcutaneous 143B and 143B-LTK tumors revealed widespread distribution of the nucleoside in vivo but with specific localization in 143B-LTK tumors. Conclusion: The underlying biochemical process of metabolic entrapment of IVFRU in human osteosarcoma cells expressing HSV-1 TK is responsible for selective localization in these cells. The differences in subcellular distribution into the nucleic acid fraction, and in cytotoxicity, reflect the importance of cell type and lineage as determinants of the performance of gene imaging radiopharmaceuticals.

LXR agonist increases apoE secretion from HepG2 spheroid, together with an increased production of VLDL and apoE-rich large HDL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Koike Kazuhiko

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The physiological regulation of hepatic apoE gene has not been clarified, although the expression of apoE in adipocytes and macrophages has been known to be regulated by LXR. Methods and Results We investigated the effect of TO901317, a LXR agonist, on hepatic apoE production utilizing HepG2 cells cultured in spheroid form, known to be more differentiated than HepG2 cells in monolayer culture. Spheroid HepG2 cells were prepared in alginate-beads. The secretions of albumin, apoE and apoA-I from spheroid HepG2 cells were significantly increased compared to those from monolayer HepG2 cells, and these increases were accompanied by increased mRNA levels of apoE and apoA-I. Several nuclear receptors including LXRα also became abundant in nuclear fractions in spheroid HepG2 cells. Treatment with TO901317 significantly increased apoE protein secretion from spheroid HepG2 cells, which was also associated with the increased expression of apoE mRNA. Separation of the media with FPLC revealed that the production of apoE-rich large HDL particles were enhanced even at low concentration of TO901317, and at higher concentration of TO901317, production of VLDL particles increased as well. Conclusions LXR activation enhanced the expression of hepatic apoE, together with the alteration of lipoprotein particles produced from the differentiated hepatocyte-derived cells. HepG2 spheroids might serve as a good model of well-differentiated human hepatocytes for future investigations of hepatic lipid metabolism.

Development and utilization of a mechanical barrier for large-calibre cavern necks. The &apos;&apos;Spider Plug&apos;&apos;; Entwicklung und Einsatz einer mechanischen Absperrung fuer grosskalibrige Kavernenhaelse. Der &apos;&apos;Spider Plug&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pfeifer, K.; Maut, D. [UGS GmbH, Mittenwalde (Germany)

2013-08-01

An hydraulic separation of a well and the cavern can be necessary for different workover applications, e.g. casing milling or underreaming. The separation is needed to ensure a mud circulation during such operations. In that case a barrier is set after flooding the cavern, which will then be used as a mechanical abutment for the cement bridge. If the diameter of the cavern neck has been enlarged due to e.g. unwanted leaching processes or unstabilized underreaming processes, it might get impossible to set a standard plug with the available technologies into those diameters. Therefore UGS GmbH has developed a mechanical plug, which is set hydraulically. The so called &apos;Spider Plug&apos; is used as basis for a cement bridge and can be removed by drilling after the workover has been done. Depending on the dimension of the setting tool a cavern neck up to 50&apos;&apos; diameter can be plugged by the &apos;Spider Plug&apos;. Up to now a number of successful operations on different locations has shown, that the &apos;Spider Plug&apos; is a practicable and cost-efficient solution for a mechanical abutment of large cavern necks. (orig.)

Accumulation of cyanobacterial toxins in freshwater &apos;seafood&apos; and its consequences for public health: A review

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ibelings, Bas W. [Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Sciences and Technology, Centre of Ecology, Evolution and Biogeochemistry, Seestrasse 79, CH-6047 Kastanienbaum (Switzerland); Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Centre for Limnology, Rijksstraatweg 6, 3631 AC, Nieuwersluis (Netherlands)], E-mail: bas.ibelings@eawag.ch; Chorus, Ingrid [German Federal Environment Agency, Corrensplatz 1, 14195 Berlin (Germany)], E-mail: ingrid.chorus@uba.de

2007-11-15

This review summarizes and discusses the current understanding of human exposure to cyanobacterial toxins in &apos;seafood&apos; collected from freshwater and coastal areas. The review consists of three parts: (a) the existing literature on concentrations of cyanobacterial toxins in seafood is reviewed, and the likelihood of bioaccumulation discussed; (b) we derive cyanotoxin doses likely to occur through seafood consumption and propose guideline values for seafood and compare these to guidelines for drinking water; and (c) we discuss means to assess, control or mitigate the risks of exposure to cyanotoxins through seafood consumption. This is discussed in the context of two specific procedures, the food specific HACCP-approach and the water-specific Water Safety Plan approach by the WHO. Risks of exposure to cyanotoxins in food are sometimes underestimated. Risk assessments should acknowledge this and investigate the partitioning of exposure between drinking-water and food, which may vary depending on local circumstances. - Accumulation of cyanobacterial toxins in freshwater &apos;seafood&apos;.

First monitoring report &apos;&apos;The future of the power&apos;&apos;; Erster Monitoring-Bericht &apos;&apos;Energie der Zukunft&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2012-12-15

The Federal Government has initiated the reconstruction of the energy supply towards a highly efficient and renewable energy systems using the energy concept from September, 2010, and using the energy political resolutions from June, 2011. The energy policy turnaround is ambitioned in its objectives as well as broadly defined. In order to consider the energy policy turnaround as well as the development of the energy market continuously, the Federal Government initiated the monitoring process &apos;&apos;Energy of the future&apos;&apos; with the aim to review regularly the implementation of the measures of the energy concepts as well as the progress in the goal achievement with a view on a secure, economical and environmentally compatible energy supply. The first monitoring report &apos;&apos;Energy of the future&apos;&apos; under consideration is the onset of this process. This report is an important basis for the current fact-based attendance of the energy policy turnaround.

Resonant light power buildup in ALPS, a &apos;&apos;light shining through a wall&apos;&apos;-experiment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Meier, Tobias; Danzmann, Karsten; Willke, Benno [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Gravitationsphysik, Albert Einstein Institut (Germany); Institut fuer Gravitationsphysik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Callinstrasse 38, D-30167 Hannover (Germany); Ehret, Klaus; Ghazaryan, Samvel; Knabbe, Axel; Lindner, Axel; List, Jenny; Meyer, Niels; Notz, Dieter; Redondo, Javier; Ringwald, Andreas [Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, D-22607 Hamburg (Germany); Frede, Maik; Hildebrandt, Matthias [Laserzentrum Hannover e.V., Hollerithallee 8, D-30419 Hannover (Germany); Wiedemann, Guenter [Hamburger Sternwarte, Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg (Germany)

2009-07-01

We report on the first successfull application of a new experimental technique to search for weakly interacting sub-eV particles (WISPs) coupling to photons. As part of the ALPS experiment located at DESY in Hamburg, this technique uses an optical resonator to enhance the power inside a HERA dipole magnet on the production side of a typical &apos;&apos;light shining through a wall&apos;&apos;-experiment. We use a frequency doubled continuous-wave laser emitting 0.6 W of power at 532 nm that is stabilized to a linear optical resonator with 8 m length. On resonance we achieve a circulating power of 34 W within the magnet. With this we obtained sensitivities corresponding to a coupling strength of g{approx}5.10{sup -7} GeV{sup -1} for interactions of axion-like particles and photons. The experimental setup and possible improvements are described and compared with common experimental designs with pulsed lasers.

Maintain levels of nicotine but reduce other smoke constituents: a formula for &apos;'less-hazardous'&apos; cigarettes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Robinson, J.C.; Young, J.C.; Rickert, W.S.

1984-09-01

Twenty-two volunteers who smoked more than 20 cigarettes with &apos;'high'&apos; nicotine yields (0.8 to 1.2 mg) per day participated in an 8-week study designed to test the hypothesis that smoking cigarettes with a constant level of nicotine but reduced deliveries of tar, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen cyanide leads to a decrease in smoke absorption. All subjects smoked their usual high-nicotine brand for the first 3 weeks (P1), and the absorption of smoke constituents was determined from levels of thiocyanate and cotinine in saliva and serum, levels of carbon monoxide in expired air, and levels of carboxyhemoglobin in the blood. During the final 5 weeks (P2), the treatment group (16 subjects) switched to the &apos;'light'&apos; version of their usual brands (similar yields of nicotine but with reduced yields of tar, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen cyanide); the control group (6 subjects) smoked their usual brands for the duration of the study. Average levels of cotinine for the subjects who switched during P2 were not significantly different from those of the control group as was expected. Slight reductions were noted in average expired-air carbon monoxide levels, blood carboxyhemoglobin, and saliva thiocyanate, but these reductions were smaller than anticipated based on brand characteristics. The results suggest that the ratio of smoke constituents is different when individuals, rather than machines, smoke cigarettes. Yields determined under subject-defined conditions are necessary in order to properly evaluate the role of nicotine in the design of &apos;'less-hazardous'&apos; cigarettes.

Identification of RegIV as a novel GLI1 target gene in human pancreatic cancer.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Feng Wang

2011-04-01

Full Text Available GLI1 is the key transcriptional factor in the Hedgehog signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer. RegIV is associated with regeneration, and cell growth, survival, adhesion and resistance to apoptosis. We aimed to study RegIV expression in pancreatic cancer and its relationship to GLI1.GLI1 and RegIV expression were evaluated in tumor tissue and adjacent normal tissues of pancreatic cancer patients and 5 pancreatic cancer cell lines by qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry (IHC, and the correlation between them. The GLI1-shRNA lentiviral vector was constructed and transfected into PANC-1, and lentiviral vector containing the GLI1 expression sequence was constructed and transfected into BxPC-3. GLI1 and RegIV expression were evaluated by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Finally we demonstrated RegIV to be the target of GLI1 by chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA.The results of IHC and qRT-PCR showed that RegIV and GLI1 expression was higher in pancreatic cancer tissues versus adjacent normal tissues (p<0.001. RegIV expression correlated with GLI1 expression in these tissues (R = 0.795, p<0.0001. These results were verified for protein (R = 0.939, p = 0.018 and mRNA expression (R = 0.959, p = 0.011 in 5 pancreatic cancer cell lines. RegIV mRNA and protein expression was decreased (94.7±0.3%, 84.1±0.5%; respectively when GLI1 was knocked down (82.1±3.2%, 76.7±2.2%; respectively by the RNAi technique. GLI1 overexpression in mRNA and protein level (924.5±5.3%, 362.1±3.5%; respectively induced RegIV overexpression (729.1±4.3%, 339.0±3.7%; respectively. Moreover, CHIP and EMSA assays showed GLI1 protein bound to RegIV promotor regions (GATCATCCA in pancreatic cancer cells.GLI1 promotes RegIV transcription by binding to the RegIV gene promoter in pancreatic cancer.

Residues in the 5th module of the low-density lipoprotein receptor that bind apoE and apoB-100

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kroon, P.A.; Zhang, H.-Y.; Smith, R.

2000-01-01

Full text: The low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) binds and removes cholesterol-rich lipoproteins from the circulation. Its ligand-binding (LB) domain consists of seven cysteine-rich LB modules that bind apoB-100 and apoE. These modules fold into well-defined structures with three disulfide bonds, in the presence of Ca 2+ . The 5th module (LB5) is unique in that it is required to bind both apoB-100 and apoE. The aim of the current study was to map residues in human LB5 that are required for ligand binding. This was done by alanine mutagenesis of a series of residues that are conserved in human, mouse, rat and rabbit LB5 (E9, S14, E16, H19, S21, K31, and K33), but not in the other six modules. E37 (R37 in the rabbit) was included, since it has been previously hypothesized to play a role in binding. The variant LB5 modules were first produced as recombinant peptides, and subjected to oxidative folding to determine whether the mutations interfered with Ca 2+ '-dependent folding. Only the S14A and E16A mutations interfered significantly with folding, suggesting that S14 and E16 are required for the structural framework of LB5 and that their substitution in the LDLR may interfere with its folding. The native LDLR and E9A, H19A, S21A, K31A, K33A and E37A LDLRs were expressed in LDLR negative IdlA-7 CHO cells. Labeling with 125 I-lgG-C7 showed that all receptors were expressed on the cell surface. Binding of Dil-labeled LDL (Dil-LDL) and Dil-labeled DMPC, complexed with the N-terminal receptor-binding domain of apoE3 (Dil-E3), at 4 deg C, was used to assess receptor binding. Binding of Dil-E3 (0.1 μ/ml) to the H19A, S21A, K31A, K33A and E37A LDLRs was 65-92% of binding to the native LDLR. In contrast, the E9A LDLR only bound 3% of that of the native LDLR. The binding of Dil-LDL (0.5 Ag/ml) to the E9A LDLR was 23% of that of the native LDLR, while binding to the remaining variant LDLRs ranged from 44-70% of what of the native LDLR. We conclude that (i) E9 of LB5

Identification of novel dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory peptides in camel milk protein hydrolysates.

Science.gov (United States)

Nongonierma, Alice B; Paolella, Sara; Mudgil, Priti; Maqsood, Sajid; FitzGerald, Richard J

2018-04-01

Nine novel dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory peptides (FLQY, FQLGASPY, ILDKEGIDY, ILELA, LLQLEAIR, LPVP, LQALHQGQIV, MPVQA and SPVVPF) were identified in camel milk proteins hydrolysed with trypsin. This was achieved using a sequential approach combining liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), qualitative/quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) and confirmatory studies with synthetic peptides. The most potent camel milk protein-derived DPP-IV inhibitory peptides, LPVP and MPVQA, had DPP-IV half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC 50 ) of 87.0 ± 3.2 and 93.3 ± 8.0 µM, respectively. DPP-IV inhibitory peptide sequences identified within camel and bovine milk protein hydrolysates generated under the same hydrolysis conditions differ. This was linked to differences in enzyme selectivity for peptide bond cleavage of camel and bovine milk proteins as well as dissimilarities in their amino acid sequences. Camel milk proteins contain novel DPP-IV inhibitory peptides which may play a role in the regulation of glycaemia in humans. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A new optical sensor for spectrophotometric determination of uranium (VI) and thorium (IV) in acidic medium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Elhefnawy, O.A. [Nuclear and Radiological Regulatory Authority (NRRA), Cairo (Egypt). Nuclear Safeguards and Physical Protection Dept.

2017-07-01

A spectrophotometric method was developed for U(VI) and Th(IV) determination in acidic medium by using proposed optical sensor. This sensor is base on the complexation reaction of the ionophore midodrine hydrochloride (L) with U(VI)/Th(IV) in plasticized (o-NPOE) high molecular weight (PVC). Several parameters such as effect of acidic medium, response time and sensor compositions were studied. The determination of the complexes stoichiometry was also studied using Job&apos;s method. The complexes stoichiometry were measured at the absorbance spectra 302 nm and the results were found to be 1:1 for both complexes U(VI)-L and Th(IV)-L. The complexation reaction was extremely rapid at room temperature; it takes 5, 10 min to complete the complexation reaction in U(VI) and Th(IV), respectively. Under the optimum conditions the calibration curves of U(VI)/Th(IV) determination, have good linearity at different acidic medium nitric, sulfuric, and phosphoric acids with low detection and quantification limits. The accuracy and precision studies proved that the proposed optical sensor is valid and qualified for U(VI)/Th(IV) spectrophotometric determination in different acidic medium. The selectivity of the proposed optical sensor was studied. The proposed optical sensor was applied successfully for U(VI)/Th(IV) determination in research and development (R and D) nuclear waste samples with satisfactory results. A comparative study of the proposed optical sensor with other previous spectrophotometric sensors for U(VI)/Th(IV) determination, proved the high efficiency of the proposed optical sensor, that it presents wide linear range and low detection limit. The proposed optical sensor could be applied for a quantitative determination of U(VI)/Th(IV) in acidic waste samples.

A new optical sensor for spectrophotometric determination of uranium (VI) and thorium (IV) in acidic medium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Elhefnawy, O.A.

2017-01-01

A spectrophotometric method was developed for U(VI) and Th(IV) determination in acidic medium by using proposed optical sensor. This sensor is base on the complexation reaction of the ionophore midodrine hydrochloride (L) with U(VI)/Th(IV) in plasticized (o-NPOE) high molecular weight (PVC). Several parameters such as effect of acidic medium, response time and sensor compositions were studied. The determination of the complexes stoichiometry was also studied using Job&apos;s method. The complexes stoichiometry were measured at the absorbance spectra 302 nm and the results were found to be 1:1 for both complexes U(VI)-L and Th(IV)-L. The complexation reaction was extremely rapid at room temperature; it takes 5, 10 min to complete the complexation reaction in U(VI) and Th(IV), respectively. Under the optimum conditions the calibration curves of U(VI)/Th(IV) determination, have good linearity at different acidic medium nitric, sulfuric, and phosphoric acids with low detection and quantification limits. The accuracy and precision studies proved that the proposed optical sensor is valid and qualified for U(VI)/Th(IV) spectrophotometric determination in different acidic medium. The selectivity of the proposed optical sensor was studied. The proposed optical sensor was applied successfully for U(VI)/Th(IV) determination in research and development (R and D) nuclear waste samples with satisfactory results. A comparative study of the proposed optical sensor with other previous spectrophotometric sensors for U(VI)/Th(IV) determination, proved the high efficiency of the proposed optical sensor, that it presents wide linear range and low detection limit. The proposed optical sensor could be applied for a quantitative determination of U(VI)/Th(IV) in acidic waste samples.

Preparatory Work for a Scenario-Based Electricity Expansion Plan for North Korea after Hypothetical Reunification using WASP-IV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Young Joo; Chang, Choong Koo [KEPCO International Nuclear Graduate School, Ulsan (Korea, Republic of)

2014-10-15

It is noteworthy that North Korean government itself has demanded other parties&apos; cooperation in the field of power sector as the top priority to deal with North Korean own economic issues. In this light, the researcher consider that how to build power capacity in North Korean area after reunification needs to be studied with priority. A scenario-based approach is being adopted, and three scenarios are proposed: Scenario increasing capacity at 2.4% annual rate, Imitating South Korean electricity expansion history, and reaching 80% of South Korean Annual Peak Load in 35 years. In order to carry out the research, WASP-IV (Wien Automation System Planning-IV) code developed by IAEA is, with reasonable assumptions, being executed. Annual Peak Load prediction for each scenario, load duration curve, and existing power generating facilities in North Korea are presented herein. This research is being conducted as a preparatory work for the further study. IAEA&apos;s WASP-IV is adopted for a scenario-based electricity expansion plan for North Korea after hypothetical reunification between Koreas. Input data including Annual Peak Load, load duration curve, and existing facilities are built and presented. Additional future research includes inputting candidate plants data, cost data such as construction period, operation and maintenance costs, and fuel costs, as well as decommissioning of aged power plants in North Korea to complete WASP-IV execution. Assuming reunification, electricity expansion plan would need to integrate North and South Koreas demands and facilities. However, this research narrows down its scope to North Korean demand and facilities only. Such integrated simulation could be the topic for the later research. This work was supported by the 2014 Research Fund of the KINGS.

Preparatory Work for a Scenario-Based Electricity Expansion Plan for North Korea after Hypothetical Reunification using WASP-IV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Young Joo; Chang, Choong Koo

2014-01-01

It is noteworthy that North Korean government itself has demanded other parties&apos; cooperation in the field of power sector as the top priority to deal with North Korean own economic issues. In this light, the researcher consider that how to build power capacity in North Korean area after reunification needs to be studied with priority. A scenario-based approach is being adopted, and three scenarios are proposed: Scenario increasing capacity at 2.4% annual rate, Imitating South Korean electricity expansion history, and reaching 80% of South Korean Annual Peak Load in 35 years. In order to carry out the research, WASP-IV (Wien Automation System Planning-IV) code developed by IAEA is, with reasonable assumptions, being executed. Annual Peak Load prediction for each scenario, load duration curve, and existing power generating facilities in North Korea are presented herein. This research is being conducted as a preparatory work for the further study. IAEA&apos;s WASP-IV is adopted for a scenario-based electricity expansion plan for North Korea after hypothetical reunification between Koreas. Input data including Annual Peak Load, load duration curve, and existing facilities are built and presented. Additional future research includes inputting candidate plants data, cost data such as construction period, operation and maintenance costs, and fuel costs, as well as decommissioning of aged power plants in North Korea to complete WASP-IV execution. Assuming reunification, electricity expansion plan would need to integrate North and South Koreas demands and facilities. However, this research narrows down its scope to North Korean demand and facilities only. Such integrated simulation could be the topic for the later research. This work was supported by the 2014 Research Fund of the KINGS

Excellent solar energy absorbing and retaining fabric material. Chikunetsu hoon sen&apos;i sozai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Furuta, T. (Unitika Ltd., Osaka (Japan). Central Research Lab.)

1993-11-10

Carbides of group IV transition metals such as ZrC, which are used as solar energy selective absorption film for solar energy collectors, has characteristics of absorbing light with a high energy of 0.6eV or more and of converting it to heat when exposed to light, and of not absorbing but reflecting light with a low energy of less than 0.6eV. By using ZrC as fabric materials, therefore, portable and durable heat absorbing and retaining materials can be produced. The authors have developed a solar energy absorbing and retaining fabric material, &apos;Solar [alpha]&apos; (registered trade mark), which absorbs visible and near infrared rays and converts them to heat, and reflects heat from a human body and confines it. The use of Solar [alpha] has been found in various fields such as clothing as a new material for winter-sportswear, slacks, coats, and swimming suits. In this report, the heat absorbing and retaining mechanisms, basic properties of Solar [alpha], and the results of wearing tests are described. 12 refs., 6 figs., 3 tabs.

Investigation of vertebral &apos;&apos;end plate sclerosis&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, S.W. [Dept. of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic Univ., Hung Hom (Hong Kong); Mathie, A.G.; Jackson, J.E. [Diagnostic Radiology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London (United Kingdom); Hughes, S.P.F. [Div. of Surgery, Anaesthetics and Intensive Care, London (United Kingdom)

2001-08-01

To evaluate the association between vertebral &apos;&apos;end plate sclerosis&apos;&apos; and neck pain. A retrospective study was carried out of lateral cervical spine radiographs with a Picture Archive and Communication System (PACS). Two hundred patients&apos; files were randomly assessed, comprising four equal groups, A to D. The mean ages of the patients were 62{+-}7.4 years, 61{+-}7.5 years, 40{+-}5.6 years and 23{+-}5.6 years respectively. In group A, all patients had symptoms of neck pain and a radiographic diagnosis of &apos;&apos;end plate sclerosis&apos;&apos; of the cervical spine. In groups B to D, asymptomatic patients were recruited and their age groups were 50-69, 30-49 and 10-29 years respectively. Using the PACS, the radiographic density and the sagittal diameter, thickness and area of the end plates at the C5 level were measured. Results and conclusions: No significant differences were found in the radiographic density of the end plates either between the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups (groups A and B), or between different age groups (groups B, C and D). A significant increase in end plate area and thickness was found, however, in both group B (P<0.005) and group C (P<0.01) in comparison with group D. This indicates that the extent of end plate sclerosis increases with age. Our results suggest that the radiographic density of cervical vertebral end plates correlates neither with neck pain nor with increasing age. The radiological sign of &apos;&apos;end plate sclerosis&apos;&apos; may be over-reported, further limiting its value in the assessment of patients with cervical spondylosis. (orig.)

Dependence of the Ce(iii)/Ce(iv) ratio on intracellular localization in ceria nanoparticles internalized by human cells

KAUST Repository

Ferraro, Daniela

2017-01-09

CeO2 nanoparticles (CNPs) have been investigated as promising antioxidant agents with significant activity in the therapy of diseases involving free radicals or oxidative stress. However, the exact mechanism responsible for CNP activity has not been completely elucidated. In particular, in situ evidence of modification of the oxidative state of CNPs in human cells and their evolution during cell internalization and subsequent intracellular distribution has never been presented. In this study we investigated modification of the Ce(iii)/Ce(iv) ratio following internalization in human cells by X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES). From this analysis on cell pellets, we observed that CNPs incubated for 24 h showed a significant increase in Ce(iii). By coupling on individual cells synchrotron micro-X-ray fluorescence (μXRF) with micro-XANES (μXANES) we demonstrated that the Ce(iii)/Ce(iv) ratio is also dependent on CNP intracellular localization. The regions with the highest CNP concentrations, suggested to be endolysosomes by transmission electron microscopy, were characterized by Ce atoms in the Ce(iv) oxidation state, while a higher Ce(iii) content was observed in regions surrounding these areas. These observations suggest that the interaction of CNPs with cells involves a complex mechanism in which different cellular areas play different roles.

Dependence of the Ce(iii)/Ce(iv) ratio on intracellular localization in ceria nanoparticles internalized by human cells

KAUST Repository

Ferraro, Daniela; Tredici, Ilenia G.; Ghigna, Paolo; Castillio-Michel, Hiram; Falqui, Andrea; Di Benedetto, Cristiano; Alberti, Giancarla; Ricci, Vittorio; Anselmi-Tamburini, Umberto; Sommi, Patrizia

2017-01-01

CeO2 nanoparticles (CNPs) have been investigated as promising antioxidant agents with significant activity in the therapy of diseases involving free radicals or oxidative stress. However, the exact mechanism responsible for CNP activity has not been completely elucidated. In particular, in situ evidence of modification of the oxidative state of CNPs in human cells and their evolution during cell internalization and subsequent intracellular distribution has never been presented. In this study we investigated modification of the Ce(iii)/Ce(iv) ratio following internalization in human cells by X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES). From this analysis on cell pellets, we observed that CNPs incubated for 24 h showed a significant increase in Ce(iii). By coupling on individual cells synchrotron micro-X-ray fluorescence (μXRF) with micro-XANES (μXANES) we demonstrated that the Ce(iii)/Ce(iv) ratio is also dependent on CNP intracellular localization. The regions with the highest CNP concentrations, suggested to be endolysosomes by transmission electron microscopy, were characterized by Ce atoms in the Ce(iv) oxidation state, while a higher Ce(iii) content was observed in regions surrounding these areas. These observations suggest that the interaction of CNPs with cells involves a complex mechanism in which different cellular areas play different roles.

Identification and characterization of a dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor from aronia juice

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kozuka, Miyuki [Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Science, Hokkaido Bunkyo University, Eniwa 061-1449 (Japan); Yamane, Takuya, E-mail: t-yamane@pharm.hokudai.ac.jp [Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812 (Japan); Nakano, Yoshihisa [Center for Research and Development Bioresources, Research Organization for University-Community Collaborations, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570 (Japan); Nakagaki, Takenori [Institute of Food Sciences, Nakagaki Consulting Engineer Co., Ltd, Nishi-ku, Sakai 593-8328 (Japan); Ohkubo, Iwao [Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing and Nutrition, Tenshi College, Higashi-ku, Sapporo 065-0013 (Japan); Ariga, Hiroyoshi [Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812 (Japan)

2015-09-25

Aronia berries have many potential effects on health, including an antioxidant effect, effect for antimutagenesis, hepatoprotection and cardioprotection, an antidiabetic effect and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. Previous human studies have shown that aronia juice may be useful for treatment of obesity disorders. In this study, we found that aronia juice has an inhibitory effect against dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) (EC 3.4.14.5). DPP IV is a peptidase that cleaves the N-terminal region of incretins such as glucagon-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Inactivation of incretins by DPP IV induces reduction of insulin secretion. Furthermore, we identified that cyanidin 3, 5-diglucoside as the DPP IV inhibitor in aronia juice. DPP IV was inhibited more strongly by cyanidin 3, 5-diglucoside than by cyanidin and cyanidin 3-glucoside. The results suggest that DPP IV is inhibited by cyanidin 3, 5-diglucoside present in aronia juice. The antidiabetic effect of aronia juice may be mediated through DPP IV inhibition by cyanidin 3, 5-diglucoside. - Highlights: • DPP IV activity is inhibited by aronia juice. • DPP IV inhibitor is cyanidin 3, 5-diglucoside in aronia juice. • DPP IV is inhibited by cyanidin 3, 5-diglucoside more than cyanidin and cyanidin 3-glucoside.

A Failed Utopia in Marcela Del Río&apos;s "Proceso a Faubritten"

Science.gov (United States)

Manickam, Samuel

2014-01-01

In Marcela del Río&apos;s science fiction novel "Proceso a Faubritten," utopia comes in the form of eternal life for all of humanity, thanks to Dr. Alexander Faubritten&apos;s "Bomba L." This polyphonic work includes diaries by Faubritten and his Mexican lover, María Corona. In my analysis of these two diaries, I will show how…

Polarographic determination of uranium dioxide stoichiometry; La determination polarographique de la stoechiometrie du dioxyde d&apos;uranium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Viguie, J.; Uny, G. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires de Grenoble, 38 (France)

1966-10-01

The method described allows the determination of small deviations from stoichiometry for uranium dioxide. It was applied to the study of surface oxidation of bulk samples. The sample is dissolved in phosphoric acid under an argon atmosphere; U(VI) is determined by polarography in PO{sub 4}H{sub 3} 4.5 N - H{sub 2}SO{sub 4} 4 N. U(IV) is determined by potentiometry. The detection limit is UO{sub 2,0002}. The accuracy for a single determination at the 95% confidence level is {+-}20 per cent for samples with composition included between UO{sub 2,001} and UO{sub 2,01}. (authors) [French] La methode decrite permet de determiner les faibles ecarts a la stoechiometrie du dioxyde d&apos;uranium. Elle a ete appliquee a l&apos;etude de l&apos;oxydation superficielle des echantillons. La mise en solution s&apos;effectue dans l&apos;acide phosphorique concentre sous atmosphere d&apos;argon; U(VI) est dose par polarographie dans le milieu PO{sub 4}H{sub 3} 4,5 N et H{sub 2}SO{sub 4} 4 N; U(IV) est dose par potentiometrie. La limite de detection est UO{sub 2,0002}. La precision obtenue pour une determination au taux de certitude 0,95 est de l&apos;ordre de 20 pour cent pour des echantillons dont la teneur est comprise entre UO{sub 2,001} et UO{sub 2,01}. (auteurs)

&apos;K&apos; contribution to the biological effect of ionizing radiations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boissiere, Arnaud

2004-01-01

The aim of this work is to determine the importance of &apos;K&apos; ionizations on DNA as critical physical events initiating the biological effects of ionizing radiation, in particular in human cells. Ultra-soft X-rays are used as a probe of core ionization events. A decisive test consists in comparing the biological effects at 250 eV and 350 eV (before and after the carbon K - threshold). The results show a sharp increase of the biological efficiency for both cellular inactivation and chromosomal exchange aberration above the carbon K-threshold, correlated with the one of core events occurring in DNA atoms. The heavy ion irradiation displays again the paradoxical behaviour of cellular inactivation cross sections as a function of LET. Finally, the &apos;K&apos; event contribution to cellular inactivation of usual low LET radiation is estimated to be about 75%. (author) [fr

Comparison of PCDD/Fs levels and profiles in leachates from &apos;'new'&apos; and &apos;'old'&apos; municipal landfills

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dudzinska, M.; Czerwinski, J.; Rut, B. [Lublin Univ. of Technology (Poland)

2004-09-15

Although the presence of PCDD/Fs in landfill leachates has been confirmed, not many experiments have been undertaken in this area, probably because of a very low solubility of PCDD/Fs in water. Modern, properly designed landfills should secure (seal) all deposited wastes and possible leakings within the damp. Leachates are collected and treated on the site or transported to a wastewater treatment plant, so they should not cause a release of any pollutants into the soil or groundwater. But PCDD/Fs as well as a number of chlorinated compounds, which may act as precursors of dioxins under aerobic or anaerobic conditions have been identified as trace contaminants in municipal wastes. The formation of dioxins during municipal waste deposition has not been studied, contrary to the formation of OCDD from precursors under aerobic conditions during composting of waste or treatment of sewage sludge5. Some information about the possible dioxin formation during landfilling might be obtained from the comparison of PCDD/F levels in the leachates from &apos;&apos;old - closed&apos;&apos; and &apos;'new'&apos; sites.

Energy saving retrofitting of a prefabricated panel construction kinder-garden - demonstration project &apos;'Plappersnut'&apos; in Wismar.; Energetische Sanierung einer Kindertagesstaette in Plattenbauweise - Demonstrationsbauvorhaben &apos;'Plappersnut'&apos; in Wismar

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wollensak, Heidi [Institut fuer Gebaeude + Energie + Licht Planung, Alter Holzhafen 19, 23966 Wismar (Germany); Wollensak, Martin [Hochschule Wismar, FG Baukonstruktion und Baustofftechnik (Germany); Roemhild, Thomas [Hochschule Wismar, FG Entwerfen, Gebaeude- Klima- und Lichtplanung (Germany); Mainka, Georg-Wilhelm; Winkler, Heiko [Lehrstuhl fuer Baukonstruktionen und Bauphysik, Institut fuer Bauingenieurwesen, Universitaet Rostock (Germany)

2005-12-01

The project &apos;&apos;kindergarten Plappersnut&apos;&apos; in Wismar focuses on cutting the energy consumption of the in 1972 build prefabricated plate construction down to one third by mainly 3 means: - improving the relation between building volume and outside surface by replacing the corridor building between the two main wings with a light membrane roof, covering the whole space, - eliminating energy loss through the building structure by coating the whole building with different isolation systems, - replacing all of the technical installation under the aspects of ecological energy supply and energy retrieving systems. The project was classed as a demonstration project of the EnSan-Program, supported by the German Ministry for Economy and Technology. (Abstract Copyright [2005], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.) [German] Das Sanierungsprojekt der 1972 in Plattenbauweise errichteten Kita &apos;'Plappersnut'&apos; stand im Zeichen der Reduzierung des Energiebedarfs auf ein Drittel durch drei wesentliche Massnahmen: - Verbesserung des Verhaeltnisses Gebaeudevolumen zu Aussenwandflaeche durch Entfernung der Verbindungsgaenge zwischen beiden Gebaeudeteilen und Ueberdachung des entstehenden Hofes mit einem Membrandach, - Verminderung der Energieverluste durch die Gebaeudehuelle mit Hilfe verschiedener Waermedaemm-Massnahmen, - Ersatz der gesamten Gebaeudetechnik durch energiesparende Systeme und unter Einsatz von erneuerbaren Energien. Das Projekt wurde im Rahmen des EnSan-Programms vom Bundesministerium fuer Wirtschaft und Technologie gefoerdert. (Abstract Copyright [2005], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

On the universality of the &apos;'smile'&apos;-gap in the density of states of a chaotic Josephson junction

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Reutlinger, Johannes; Belzig, Wolfgang [University of Konstanz, Department of Physics (Germany); Nazarov, Yuli [Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, Delft (Netherlands); Glazman, Leonid [Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT (United States)

2015-07-01

The superconducting proximity effect strongly modifies the local density of states in chaotic Josephson junctions. Recently we found that besides the well-known minigap a secondary gap appears just below the superconducting gap edge Δ in the limit of a large Thouless energy E{sub Th} >or similar Δ. To check the universality of this novel gap phenomenon we study the effect of nonideal contacts and show that the &apos;'smile'&apos;-gap crucially depends on the transmission eigenvalue distribution. In a next step we use the random matrix method to investigate the &apos;'smile'&apos;-gap. This allows us to approach the statistics of Andreev levels, going beyond the quasiclassical Greens function method. It turns out that the hard gap edge softens similar to what is already known from the minigap.

Orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 participates in human apolipoprotein A5 gene expression

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Song, Kwang-Hoon, E-mail: ksong@kiom.re.kr [Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811 (Korea, Republic of)

2010-01-29

The orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 (NR4A1) has been reported to play a crucial role in the modulation of diverse metabolic processes in liver. Here, we reported the identification of human apolipoprotein A5 (ApoA5), which implicated in lowering plasma triglyceride levels, as a novel target gene of Nur77. Nur77 induced the human ApoA5 promoter activity. Using 5&apos;-deletion and mutagenesis of human ApoA5 promoter analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, it was shown that Nur77 directly regulated human ApoA5 gene expression by binding to a Nur77 response element (AAAGGTCA) located in the proximal human ApoA5 promoter region. In addition, we demonstrated that blocking of Nur77 transcriptional activity via overexpression of dominant negative Nur77 suppressed human ApoA5 promoter activity and mRNA expression in human hepatoma cells, HepG2. Taken together, our results demonstrated that Nur77 is a novel regulator of human ApoA5 gene expression and provide a new insight into the role of this orphan nuclear receptor in lipoprotein metabolism and triglyceride homeostasis.

How to save the earth planet. Ecology and human spirit. Sauver la planete terre. L&apos;ecologie et l&apos;esprit humain

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Al Gore.

1993-01-01

The author has undertaken for 25 years in all the struggles for the environment protection. His ecology competences are worldwide recognized. With &apos;&apos;HOW TO SAVE THE EARTH PLANET&apos;&apos; AL GORE calls for help facing a great importance economic crisis, the consequences of which are dramatic. Beyond the exhaustive report, very well documented on the scientific topics, he proposes a true ecologic &apos;&apos;Marshall PLAN&apos;&apos; at the planet level, and a global reflection followed by precise and concrete measures. In the beginning of the XXIst century the challenge taken up by AL GORE is also a true defence plea for the future. We are all concerned and our children too. 27 refs.

Day 2 closing lecture: Anthropocene&apos;s archive?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Van Wyck, Peter

2015-01-01

Prof. Peter van Wyck&apos;s lecture drew from Crutzen and Stoermer&apos;s concept of the Anthropocene and argued for its theoretical, practical, and rhetorical value with regard to the broad set of concerns that brought participants to Verdun. As an ontological claim, the Anthropocene offers a conceptual challenge to any meaningful distinction between &apos;human&apos; and &apos;natural&apos; history: the human and natural are globally merged like never before (referring to issues such as global warming, biodiversity, space debris, etc.). The Anthropocene is a new fundamental concept and a philosophical event. It marks, for instance, the time when we ask for consideration of time scales beyond anthropometric dimensions. Within the geological, social, and human sciences, one of the questions of the Anthropocene circles around when it would have started. There are various competing ideas about this. Some date it back to the acquisition of fire, others to the Industrial Revolution, and others to the great acceleration of science and technology in the mid-20. century. Nuclear energy has also been suggested as a signature. Overall, Prof. van Wyck suggested that the Anthropocene, as a kind of cultural memo, offers a moment in which cultural awareness around questions relating to nuclear energy may be broadened and enhanced

Glyoxalase 1 overexpression does not affect atherosclerotic lesion size and severity in ApoE-/- mice with or without diabetes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hanssen, Nordin M J; Brouwers, Olaf; Gijbels, Marion J

2014-01-01

are higher in rupture-prone plaques. We here investigated whether overexpression of human GLO1 in ApoE(-/-) mice could reduce the development of atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: We crossed C57BL/6 ApoE(-/-) mice with C57BL/6 GLO1 overexpressing mice (huGLO1(+/-)) to generate ApoE(-/-) (n = 16) and Apo......E(-/-) huGLO1(+/-) (n = 20) mice. To induce diabetes, we injected a subset with streptozotocin (STZ) to generate diabetic ApoE(-/-) (n = 8) and ApoE(-/-) huGLO1(+/-) (n = 13) mice. All mice were fed chow and sacrificed at 25 weeks of age. The GLO1 activity was three-fold increased in huGLO1(+/-) aorta......, but aortic root lesion size and phenotype did not differ between mice with and without huGLO1(+/-) overexpression. We detected no differences in gene expression in aortic arches, in AGE levels and cytokines, in circulating cells, and endothelial function between ApoE(-/-) mice with and without huGLO1...

A general overview of generation IV molten salt reactor (MSR) and the use of thorium as fuel

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yamaguchi, Carlos H.; Stefani, Giovanni L.; Santos, Thiago A., E-mail: carlos.yamaguchi@usp.br, E-mail: giovanni.stefani@ipen.br, E-mail: thiago.santos@ufabc.edu.br [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Instituto de Fisica; Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Universidade Federal do ABC (CECS/UFABC), Santo Andre, SP (Brazil). Centro de Engenharia, Modelagem e Ciencias Sociais Aplicadas

2017-07-01

The molten salt reactors (MSRs) make use of fluoride salt as primary cooler, at low pressure. Although considered a generation IV reactor, your concept isn&apos;t new, since in the 1960 years the Oak Ridge National Laboratory created a little prototype of 8MWt. Over the 20{sup th} century, other countries, like UK, Japan, Russia, China and France also did research in the area, especially with the use of thorium as fuel. This goes with the fact that Brazil possess the biggest reserve of thorium in the world. In the center of nuclear engineering at IPEN is being created a study group connected to thorium reactors, which purpose is to investigate reactors using thorium to produce {sup 233}U and tailing burn, thus making the MSR using thorium as fuel, an object of study. This present work searches to do a general summary about the researches of MSR&apos;s, having as focus the utilization of thorium with the goal being to show it&apos;s efficiency and utilization is doable. (author)

Probing the existence of the kaonic nuclear cluster &apos;&apos;ppK{sup -}&apos;&apos; with help of a PWA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Epple, Eliane [Physik Dept. E12, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Garching (Germany); Excellence Cluster ' ' Universe' ' , TEM, Garching (Germany); Collaboration: HADES-Collaboration

2015-07-01

The &apos;&apos;ppK{sup -}&apos;&apos; is a well established state in theory and is a candidate for a new kind of hadronic matter formed by antikaons and nucleons. The HADES spectrometer at GSI has probed the existence of such a state by measuring its possible decay products p and Λ. These decay products have been studied specifically in the reaction p+p → p+K{sup +}+Λ at a beam kinetic energy of 3.5 GeV. A partial wave analysis, performed on this final state, helped in describing the event distributions, which is a necessary condition to search for an additional small signal in the statistic. We have found no indication for the production of a kaonic nuclear bound state in our data and have, thus, set an upper limit for its production cross section. Furthermore, did we repeat the analysis of the DISTO collaboration in which a signal like distribution appeared in so-called deviation spectra. We can show that this method is error-prone in terms of the applied selection cuts and is, thus, not reliable in order to make statements about the &apos;&apos;ppK{sup -}&apos;&apos;.

The best selled car. &apos;'Twizy'&apos; leads the sales statistics of electrically powered vehicles - a test report; Der Meistverkaufte. Renaults &apos;'Twizy'&apos; fuehrt die E-Mobil-Verkaufsstatistik an - ein Fahrbericht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Welter, Philippe

2013-02-15

Four wheels, two seats, one steering wheel: What does it require more for a small, electrically powered city car? Nothing, says the manufacturer. Two side windows, that is our opinion. With a maximum speed of 80 kilometers per hour and a range of 100 kilometers, the vehicle is certainly ideal for many applications over short distances in the city. PHOTON now uses the &apos;'Twizy'&apos; for almost a year, and gained consistently good experiences.

The influence of chronic stress on anxiety-like behavior and cognitive function in different human GFAP-ApoE transgenic adult male mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Meng, Fan-Tao; Zhao, Jun; Fang, Hui; Liu, Ya-Jing

2015-01-01

The apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ɛ4 allele (ApoE4) is an important genetic risk factor for the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In addition to genetic factors, environmental factors such as stress may play a critical role in AD pathogenesis. This study was designed to investigate the anxiety-like behavioral and cognitive changes in different human glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-ApoE transgenic adult male mice under chronic stress conditions. On the open field test, anxiety-like behavior was increased in the non-stressed GFAP-ApoE4 transgenic mice relative to the corresponding GFAP-ApoE3 (ApoE ɛ3 allele) mice. Anxiety-like behavior was increased in the stressed GFAP-ApoE3 mice relative to non-stressed GFAP-ApoE3 mice, but was unexpectedly decreased in the stressed GFAP-ApoE4 mice relative to non-stressed GFAP-ApoE4 mice. On the novel object recognition task, both GFAP-ApoE4 and GFAP-ApoE3 mice exhibited long-term non-spatial memory impairment after chronic stress. Interestingly, short-term non-spatial memory impairment (based on the novel object recognition task) was observed only in the stressed GFAP-ApoE4 male mice relative to non-stressed GFAP-ApoE4 transgenic mice. In addition, short-term spatial memory impairment was observed in the stressed GFAP-ApoE3 transgenic male mice relative to non-stressed GFAP-ApoE3 transgenic male mice; however, short-term spatial memory performance of GFAP-ApoE4 transgenic male mice was not reduced compared to non-stressed control mice based on the Y-maze task. In conclusion, our findings suggested that chronic stress affects anxiety-like behavior and spatial and non-spatial memory in GFAP-ApoE transgenic mice in an ApoE isoform-dependent manner.

Extraction of plutonium(IV) by diglycolamide extractants in room temperature ionic liquids

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Prabhu, Dattaprasad R.; Raut, Dhaval R.; Murali, Mallekav S.; Mohapatra, Prasanta K. [Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai (India). Radiochemistry Div.

2017-06-01

Extraction of Pu(IV) was investigated using solutions of two diglycolamide extractants viz., N,N,N{sup &apos;},N{sup &apos;}-tetra-n-octyldiglycolamide (TODGA) and its branched homolog, N,N,N{sup &apos;},N{sup &apos;}-tetra(2-ethylhexyl) diglycolamide (T2EHDGA), dissolved in two imidazolium based room temperature ionic liquids viz., 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulphonyl) imide ([C{sub 4}mim][NTf{sub 2}]) and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulphonyl) imide ([C{sub 8}mim][NTf{sub 2}]) from aqueous nitric acid medium. The extraction kinetics was found to be extremely slow which is reported for the first time for analogous extraction systems and took as long as 30 h to attain equilibrium D{sub Pu} values. In general, TODGA based solvents showed better extraction of Pu(IV) than the T2EHDGA based solvents, one order of magnitude higher, and though both the ionic liquids ultimately yielded comparable D{sub Pu} values, attainment of equilibrium was slower with [C{sub 4}mim][NTf{sub 2}]. The extracted species conformed to 1:1 for TODGA in both the ionic liquids while a mixture of 1:1 and 1:2 species was observed for T2EHDGA at 1 M HNO{sub 3} which changed to 1:1 species at 4 M HNO{sub 3}. The extracted species is proposed to be (Pu(L){sub x}{sup 4+}){sub IL} (where, L is the extractant and x=1 or 2) at lower acidities suggesting a cation exchange mechanism which changes over to (Pu(NO{sub 3}){sub 4} .L){sub IL} at 4 M HNO{sub 3} conforming to a solvation mechanism for all the systems except for T2EHDGA-[C{sub 8}mim][NTf{sub 2}]. UV-VIS spectroscopic studies were carried out to throw light on the nature of the extracted species.

Calogero&apos;s &apos;goldfish&apos; is indeed a school of free particles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nucci, M C [Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica, Universita di Perugia, 06123 Perugia (Italy)

2004-11-26

A many-body system of N nonlinear ordinary differential equations of second order which is amenable to exact treatments (a &apos;goldfish&apos;) (Calogero 2001 The neatest many-body problem amenable to exact treatments (a &apos;goldfish&apos;?) Physica D 152-153 78-84) is shown to be equivalent through an exact transformation to the equations of one-dimensional motion of (N-1) free particles (a school of free particles, indeed). The transformation is obtained by applying the reduction method and Lie group analysis as introduced in Nucci (1996 The complete Kepler group can be derived by Lie group analysis J. Math. Phys. 37 1772-5)

Situated Meaning-Making of the Human Body: A Study of Elementary School Children&apos;s Reasons in Two Different Activities

Science.gov (United States)

Lundin, Mattias; Jakobson, Britt

2014-01-01

In this text we compare children&apos;s expressions in drawings to their statements during interviews, for the purpose of understanding how different situations afford children to make meaning. In specific we study how two different activities interact and afford children to make meaning differently about the human body. The analytic attention is…

&apos;&apos;Die Dependance&apos;&apos; - Logistic center of the fair at Francfort; &apos;&apos;Die Dependance&apos;&apos; - Das Logistikzentrum der Messe Frankfurt

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Klein, W.; Fleischer, J. [Brendel Ingenieure, Frankfurt/Main (Germany); Hummel, D. [FH Zwickau (Germany)

2006-07-01

In early November 2004, the logistic center &apos;&apos;Die Dependance&apos;&apos; was commissioned after a construction time of 21 months. It is the second building (after Hall 3) designed by London&apos;s star architect Nicholas Grimshow for the Frankfurt Fair. The new building will house the fairground managers and the Accente Gastronomie Service GmbH. Accente is a modern caterer for the fairground halls, Its kitchen in the new building is big enough for preparing up to 10,000 meals every day. (orig.)

Pythagoras&apos;s theorem on a two-dimensional lattice from a &apos;natural&apos; Dirac operator and Connes&apos;s distance formula

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dai Jian [Theory Group, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing (China)]. E-mail: jdai@mail.phy.pku.edu.cn; Song Xingchang [Theory Group, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing (China)]. E-mail: songxc@ibm320h.phy.pku.edu.cn

2001-07-13

One of the key ingredients of Connes&apos;s noncommutative geometry is a generalized Dirac operator which induces a metric (Connes&apos;s distance) on the pure state space. We generalize such a Dirac operator devised by Dimakis et al, whose Connes distance recovers the linear distance on an one-dimensional lattice, to the two-dimensional case. This Dirac operator has the local eigenvalue property and induces a Euclidean distance on this two-dimensional lattice, which is referred to as &apos;natural&apos;. This kind of Dirac operator can be easily generalized into any higher-dimensional lattices. (author)

&apos;&apos;Social capitalism&apos;&apos; in renewable energy generation: China and California comparisons

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Clark, Woodrow W. II.; Li, Xing [Clark Strategic Partners, PO Box 17975, Beverly Hills, CA 90210 (United States)

2010-03-15

With a population of over 1.3 billion people, demand for renewable energy is expected to grow to a USD $12 billion market in the near term. Under Renewable Energy Law (REL) in February 2005 in the People&apos;s Republic of China (PRC) passed by the National Congress, renewable energy projects will be able to receive a range of financial incentives starting in 2006, which will more than double the PRC current renewable energy generation from 7% to 15% by 2020. Most of the increase will be in hydroelectric generated power. Nonetheless, the nation and especially the provinces are moving rapidly to develop a wide range of renewable energy generation including solar, wind, geothermal and run of the river. Because China practices &apos;&apos;social capitalism&apos;&apos; as expressed in it&apos;s recurrent Five Year National Plans since 1999, the national government and all the provinces have programs, unlike many western and industrialized nations, to &apos;'plan'&apos; and provide for infrastructures. This paper concerns only the energy infrastructure sector and renewable energy generation in particular. The planning process includes financial incentives and investments which are a major part of the Chinese law focused on &apos;&apos;encouraging foreign investment industries&apos;&apos;. The key part of the law is to guarantee long-term power purchase agreements with state owned and controlled &apos;'utilities'&apos;. In short, China may have gotten the economics of the energy sector correct in its concern for planning and finance. The paper develops these energy infrastructure ideas along with the legal and financial requirements as &apos;'lessons'&apos; learned from the USA and especially California. These lessons now apply to China and allow it to learn from the American mistakes. Empirical data will be drawn from work done in China that examine the renewable energy generation and infrastructures and hence allow the RPC and its

Calibration Human Voxel Phantoms for In Vivo Measurement of &apos;&apos;241 Am in Bone at the Whole Body Counter Facility of CIEMAT

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moraleda, M.; Lopez, M. A.; Gomez Ros, J. M.; Navarro, T.; Navarro, J. F.

2002-07-01

The Whole Body Counting facility of CIEMAT is capable of carrying out In-Vivo measurements of radionuclides emitting X-rays and low energy gamma radiation internally deposited in the body. The system to use for this purpose consists of flour Low energy Germanium (LeGe) Camberra detectors working in the energy range from 10 to 1000 keV. Physical phantoms with a known contamination in the organ of interest are normally used for the calibration of the LEGe detection system. In this document we present a calibration method using the Monte Carlo technique (MCNP4C) over a voxel phantom obtained from a computerized tomography of a real human head. The phantom consists of 104017 (43x59x41) cubic voxels, 4 mn on each side, os specific tissues, but for this simulation only two types are taken into account: adipose tissue and hard bone. The skull is supposed to be contaminated with &apos;&apos;241 Am and the trajectories of the photons are simulated till they reach the germanium detectors. The detectors were also simulated in detail to obtain a good agreement with the reality. In order to verify the accuracy of this procedure to reproduce the experiments, the MCNP results are compared with laboratory measurements of a head phantom simulating an internal contamination of 1000 Bq of &apos;&apos;241 Am deposited in bone. Different relative positions source-detector were tried to look for the best countring geometry for measurement of a contaminated skull. Efficiency values are obtained and compared, resulting in the validation of the mathematical method for the assessment of internal contamination of American deposited in skeleton. (Author) 16 refs.

Preparation of data relevant to &apos;&apos;Equivalent Uniform Burnup&apos;&apos; and Equivalent Initial Enrichment&apos;&apos; for burnup credit evaluation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nomura, Yasushi; Okuno, Hiroshi [Japan Atomic Energy Research Inst., Tokai, Ibaraki (Japan). Tokai Research Establishment; Murazaki, Minoru [Tokyo Nuclear Service Inc., Tokyo (Japan)

2001-11-01

Based on the PWR spent fuel composition data measured at JAERI, two kinds of simplified methods such as &apos;&apos;Equivalent Uniform Burnup&apos;&apos; and &apos;&apos;Equivalent Initial Enrichment&apos;&apos; have been introduced. And relevant evaluation curves have been prepared for criticality safety evaluation of spent fuel storage pool and transport casks, taking burnup of spent fuel into consideration. These simplified methods can be used to obtain an effective neutron multiplication factor for a spent fuel storage/transportation system by using the ORIGEN2.1 burnup code and the KENO-Va criticality code without considering axial burnup profile in spent fuel and other various factors introducing calculated errors. &apos;&apos;Equivalent Uniform Burnup&apos;&apos; is set up for its criticality analysis to be reactivity equivalent with the detailed analysis, in which the experimentally obtained isotopic composition together with a typical axial burnup profile and various factors such as irradiation history are considered on the conservative side. On the other hand, Equivalent Initial Enrichment&apos;&apos; is set up for its criticality analysis to be reactivity equivalent with the detailed analysis such as above when it is used in the so called fresh fuel assumption. (author)

A neural model for transient identification in dynamic processes with &apos;don&apos;t know&apos; response

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mol, Antonio C. de A. E-mail: mol@ien.gov.br; Martinez, Aquilino S. E-mail: aquilino@lmp.ufrj.br; Schirru, Roberto E-mail: schirru@lmp.ufrj.br

2003-09-01

This work presents an approach for neural network based transient identification which allows either dynamic identification or a &apos;don&apos;t know&apos; response. The approach uses two &apos;jump&apos; multilayer neural networks (NN) trained with the backpropagation algorithm. The &apos;jump&apos; network is used because it is useful to dealing with very complex patterns, which is the case of the space of the state variables during some abnormal events. The first one is responsible for the dynamic identification. This NN uses, as input, a short set (in a moving time window) of recent measurements of each variable avoiding the necessity of using starting events. The other one is used to validate the instantaneous identification (from the first net) through the validation of each variable. This net is responsible for allowing the system to provide a &apos;don&apos;t know&apos; response. In order to validate the method, a Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) transient identification problem comprising 15 postulated accidents, simulated for a pressurized water reactor (PWR), was proposed in the validation process it has been considered noisy data in order to evaluate the method robustness. Obtained results reveal the ability of the method in dealing with both dynamic identification of transients and correct &apos;don&apos;t know&apos; response. Another important point studied in this work is that the system has shown to be independent of a trigger signal which indicates the beginning of the transient, thus making it robust in relation to this limitation.

Switzerland as Europe&apos;s &apos;'battery'&apos;. Wishful dream or reality?; Die Schweiz als &apos;&apos;Batterie Europas&apos;&apos;. Utopie oder Realitaet?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kammer, Adrian; Zurmuehle, Damian; Salzmann, Michael; Baumgartner, Raphael; Mignone, Domenico [Bernische Kraftwerke (BKW), Bern (Switzerland). Energiewirtschaftliche Planung und Prognose

2015-04-15

There are plans for Swiss pumped hydrostorage systems to absorb large quantities of excess electricity from European wind and solar power generation. Model-based analyses have shown however that &apos;'Europe&apos;s battery&apos;&apos;, as Switzerland would like to see itself, will not be needed until the middle of this century. Even if all extension projects currently in progress should be completed, Switzerland will not have sufficient pump capacity or import capacity to absorb large amounts of excess electricity. Furthermore, the primary means of making storage capacity available for import electricity would be to reduce reservoir power plant capacity. In view of all this Switzerland&apos;s hopes for a role as a major European electricity storage provider appear somewhat exaggerated even in the long-term perspective.

A New Rose of Sharon Variety, &apos;Changhae&apos; Developed by A Mutation Breeding

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Song, H.S.; Park, I.S.; Lim, Y.T.; Kim, J.K.; Lee, G.J.; Kim, D.S.; Kim, J.B.; Kang, S.Y.

2006-01-01

&apos;Changhae&apos; is a new Hibiscus variety developed by a mutation breeding by using a gamma ray irradiation. One hundred seeds of the original variety, &apos;Suminokura&apos;, grown in a breeding field in the Namyangju, Gyeonggi Province were irradiated with a 100 Gy gamma ray from a ∨60Co source at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute in 1993 (Fig. 1). The original variety, &apos;Suminokura&apos; belonged to the I-b category represented by a single flower, with an intermediate ratio of petal length/petal width, and a red purple color with a red-eye in the center of it&apos;s flower

&apos;&apos;Measuring the Costs of Climate Change Policies&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Montgomery, W. D.; Smith, A. E.; Biggar, S. L.; Bernstein, P.M.

2003-05-09

Studies of the costs of climate change policies have utilized a variety of measures or metrics for summarizing costs. The leading economic models have utilized GNP, GDP, the &apos;&apos;area under a marginal cost curve,&apos;&apos; the discounted present value of consumption, and a welfare measure taken directly from the utility function of the model&apos;s representative agent (the &apos;&apos;Equivalent Variation&apos;&apos;). Even when calculated using a single model, these metrics do not necessarily give similar magnitudes of costs or even rank policies consistently. This paper discusses in non-technical terms the economic concepts lying behind each concept, the theoretical basis for expecting each measure to provide a consistent ranking of policies, and the reasons why different measures provide different rankings. It identifies a method of calculating the &apos;&apos;Equivalent Variation&apos;&apos; as theoretically superior to the other cost metrics in ranking policies. When regulators put forward new economic or regulatory policies, there is a need to compare the costs and benefits of these new policies to existing policies and other alternatives to determine which policy is most cost-effective. For command and control policies, it is quite difficult to compute costs, but for more market-based policies, economists have had a great deal of success employing general equilibrium models to assess a policy&apos;s costs. Not all cost measures, however, arrive at the same ranking. Furthermore, cost measures can produce contradictory results for a specific policy. These problems make it difficult for a policy-maker to determine the best policy. For a cost measures to be of value, one would like to be confident of two things. First one wants to be sure whether the policy is a winner or loser. Second, one wants to be confident that a measure produces the correct policy ranking. That is, one wants to have confidence in a policy measure&apos;s ability to correctly rank

A novel estrogen-regulated avian apolipoprotein☆

Science.gov (United States)

Nikolay, Birgit; Plieschnig, Julia A.; Šubik, Desiree; Schneider, Jeannine D.; Schneider, Wolfgang J.; Hermann, Marcela

2013-01-01

In search for yet uncharacterized proteins involved in lipid metabolism of the chicken, we have isolated a hitherto unknown protein from the serum lipoprotein fraction with a buoyant density of ≤1.063 g/ml. Data obtained by protein microsequencing and molecular cloning of cDNA defined a 537 bp cDNA encoding a precursor molecule of 178 residues. As determined by SDS-PAGE, the major circulating form of the protein, which we designate apolipoprotein-VLDL-IV (Apo-IV), has an apparent Mr of approximately 17 kDa. Northern Blot analysis of different tissues of laying hens revealed Apo-IV expression mainly in the liver and small intestine, compatible with an involvement of the protein in lipoprotein metabolism. To further investigate the biology of Apo-IV, we raised an antibody against a GST-Apo-IV fusion protein, which allowed the detection of the 17-kDa protein in rooster plasma, whereas in laying hens it was detectable only in the isolated ≤1.063 g/ml density lipoprotein fraction. Interestingly, estrogen treatment of roosters caused a reduction of Apo-IV in the liver and in the circulation to levels similar to those in mature hens. Furthermore, the antibody crossreacted with a 17-kDa protein in quail plasma, indicating conservation of Apo-IV in avian species. In search for mammalian counterparts of Apo-IV, alignment of the sequence of the novel chicken protein with those of different mammalian apolipoproteins revealed stretches with limited similarity to regions of ApoC-IV and possibly with ApoE from various mammalian species. These data suggest that Apo-IV is a newly identified avian apolipoprotein. PMID:24047540

Pumped storage project &apos;&apos;Energiespeicher Riedl&apos;&apos;; Das Projekt Energiespeicher Riedl

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mayr, Dominik [Verbund Hydro Power AG, Vienna (Austria); Schmauss, Juergen [Regierung von Niederbayern, Landshut (Germany); Neuwerth, Sabine [Grenzkraftwerke GmbH, Simbach am Inn (Germany)

2012-07-01

The &apos;&apos;Donaukraftwerk Jochenstein AG&apos;&apos; (DKJ) plans at the river power plant Jochenstein on the Danube in the district of Passau, Bavaria, South-east Germany, the construction of a modern pumped-storage hydropower plant with a capacity of 300 megawatts, the pumped storage &apos;&apos;Energiespeicher Riedl&apos;&apos;. The planned plant is a regionally significant project by the Regional Planning act. Therefore, the DKJ as applicant submitted the documents for the regional planning proceedings to the Government of Lower Bavaria, which completed the process with the positive regional planning assessment under provisos on 01.08.2011, which led to an optimization of the project layout. (orig.)

Three ways to storage solution. &apos;&apos;Lead or Lithium?&apos;&apos;. This is not the only basic issue in a storage system; Drei Wege zur Speicherloesung. &apos;&apos;Blei oder Lithium?&apos;&apos; Dies ist nicht die einzige Grundsatzfrage bei einem Speichersystem

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Welter, Philippe; Siemer, Jochen

2013-06-15

The number of solar power storage systems offered is now in the hundreds, if one includes all possible product combinations. We show in the following pages a selection of examples of typical solutions, which are by the KfW program &apos;&apos;Renewable Energy - Storage&apos;&apos; eligible&apos;&apos;. With various modifications, they can be divided into three groups: battery inverter with built-in storage, external storage on the DC side of the PV system and stand-alone systems on AC power. [German] Die Zahl der angebotenen Solarstromspeichersysteme geht mittlerweile in die Hunderte, wenn man alle moeglichen Produktkombinationen einbezieht. Wir zeigen auf den folgenden Seiten eine exemplarische Auswahl an typischen Loesungen, die mittels KfW-Programm &apos;&apos;Erneuerbare Energien - Speicher&apos;&apos; foerderfaehig sind. Mit diversen Modifikationen lassen sie sich in drei Gruppen einteilen: Akkuwechselrichter mit integriertem Speicher, externe Speicher an der Gleichstromseite der Photovoltaikanlage und Stand-alone-Systeme am Wechselstromnetz.

NNDSS - Table IV. Tuberculosis

Data.gov (United States)

U.S. Department of Health & Human Services — NNDSS - Table IV. Tuberculosis - 2016.This Table includes total number of cases reported in the United States, by region and by states, in accordance with the...

NNDSS - Table IV. Tuberculosis

Data.gov (United States)

U.S. Department of Health & Human Services — NNDSS - Table IV. Tuberculosis - 2014.This Table includes total number of cases reported in the United States, by region and by states, in accordance with the...

NNDSS - Table IV. Tuberculosis

Data.gov (United States)

U.S. Department of Health & Human Services — NNDSS - Table IV. Tuberculosis - 2015.This Table includes total number of cases reported in the United States, by region and by states, in accordance with the...

Study of a case of essential hypoproteinaemia using the isotopes {sup 131}I and {sup 15}N; Etude a l&apos;aide des isotopes {sup 131}I et {sup 15}N d&apos;un cas d&apos;hypoproteinemie essentielle

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dubert, A.; Coursaget, J.; Fallot, P.; Royer, P. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires; Hopital des Enfants Malades, 75 - Paris (France)

1959-07-01

Hypoproteinaemia both human and experimental has been studied with the help of nuclear labelling. A comparative study has been made of the fate of serum proteins labelled by an endogenous path after administration of nitrogen-15 glycine and also of serum albumin labelled by exogenous path using iodine-131. We have determined the biological period of the serum albumin and serum globulins and also the magnitude of the vascular and extravascular pools of serum albumin. In this way it has been possible to measure the speed of replacement of plasma proteins. A presentation of results taken from both clinical observation and experiment leads to a discussion on the pathogenic mechanism of hypoproteinaemia. (author) [French] Les hypoproteinemies humaine et experimentale ont ete explorees a l&apos;aide d&apos;indicateurs nucleaires. Une etude comparative du devenir des proteines seriques marquees par voie endogene, apres administration de glycocolle-{sup 15}N et de l&apos;albumine serique marquee par voie exogene a l&apos;iode-131 a ete realisee. On a determine la periode biologique de la serumalbumine et des globulines seriques ainsi que la grandeur des &apos;pools&apos; vasculaire et extravasculaire de la serumalbumine. Il a ete ainsi possible d&apos;evaluer la vitesse de renouvellement des proteines plasmatiques. La confrontation des resultats tires de l&apos;observation clinique et de l&apos;experimentation conduit a une discussion sur le mecanisme pathogenique de l&apos;hypoproteinemie. (auteur)

Expression and enzymatic activity of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV in human astrocytic tumours are associated with tumour grade

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Stremeňová, J.; Křepela, E.; Mareš, Vladislav; Trim, J.; Dbalý, V.; Marek, J.; Vaníčková, Z.; Lisá, Věra; Yea, Ch.; Šedo, A.

2007-01-01

Roč. 31, č. 4 (2007), s. 785-792 ISSN 1019-6439 R&D Projects: GA MZd NR8105 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z50110509 Keywords : Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV * human brain tumors * DASH molecules Subject RIV: FD - Oncology ; Hematology Impact factor: 2.295, year: 2007

Orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 participates in human apolipoprotein A5 gene expression

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Song, Kwang-Hoon

2010-01-01

The orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 (NR4A1) has been reported to play a crucial role in the modulation of diverse metabolic processes in liver. Here, we reported the identification of human apolipoprotein A5 (ApoA5), which implicated in lowering plasma triglyceride levels, as a novel target gene of Nur77. Nur77 induced the human ApoA5 promoter activity. Using 5'-deletion and mutagenesis of human ApoA5 promoter analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, it was shown that Nur77 directly regulated human ApoA5 gene expression by binding to a Nur77 response element (AAAGGTCA) located in the proximal human ApoA5 promoter region. In addition, we demonstrated that blocking of Nur77 transcriptional activity via overexpression of dominant negative Nur77 suppressed human ApoA5 promoter activity and mRNA expression in human hepatoma cells, HepG2. Taken together, our results demonstrated that Nur77 is a novel regulator of human ApoA5 gene expression and provide a new insight into the role of this orphan nuclear receptor in lipoprotein metabolism and triglyceride homeostasis.

Beyond low-level activity: On a &apos;non-radioactive&apos; gas mantle

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Poljanc, Karin [Atominstitut der Osterreichischen Universitaeten, Vienna University of Technology, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna (Austria); Steinhauser, Georg [Atominstitut der Osterreichischen Universitaeten, Vienna University of Technology, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna (Austria)]. E-mail: georg.steinhauser@ati.ac.at; Sterba, Johannes H. [Atominstitut der Osterreichischen Universitaeten, Vienna University of Technology, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna (Austria); Buchtela, Karl [Atominstitut der Osterreichischen Universitaeten, Vienna University of Technology, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna (Austria); Bichler, Max [Atominstitut der Osterreichischen Universitaeten, Vienna University of Technology, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna (Austria)

2007-03-01

Gas mantles for camping gas lanterns sometimes contain thorium compounds. During the last years, the use of thorium-free gas mantles has become more and more popular due to the avoidance of a radioactive heavy metal. We investigated a gas mantle type that is declared to be &apos;non-radioactive&apos; and that can be bought in Austria at the moment. Methods used were Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA), {gamma}-spectroscopy, and Liquid Scintillation Counting (LSC). We found massive thorium contents of up to 259 mg per gas mantle. Leaching experiments showed that only 0.4% of the Th but approximately 90% of the decay products of {sup 232}Th can be leached under conditions simulating sucking and chewing with human saliva. In this paper, the investigation of these gas mantles including the consideration of the environmental hazard caused by disposed mantles and the health hazard for unsuspecting consumers is presented and legal consequences are discussed for this fraud.

Results of Clinical Tests of Phytopreparation &apos;&apos;Tkis Nobati&apos;&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khositashvili, V.; Khositashvili, L.; Atuashvili, N.; Osmanova, V.; Chankseliani, Z.

2005-01-01

The present paper deals with the results of the study of natural vegetative extract of Folium pini. On the basis of multiple experiments it has been established that phytopreparation &apos;&apos;Tkis Nobati&apos;&apos; strengthens the leucocytoprotection of organism and improves physiological state in oncologic patients in the process of chemoradiotherapy treatment. The preparation &apos;&apos;Tkis Nobati&apos;&apos; provides the elimination of heavy metals from the organism. (author)

ApoE polymorphisms in narcolepsy

Science.gov (United States)

Gencik, Martin; Dahmen, Norbert; Wieczorek, Stefan; Kasten, Meike; Gencikova, Alexandra; Epplen, Jorg T

2001-01-01

Background Narcolepsy is a common neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by increased daytime sleepiness, cataplexy and hypnagogic hallucinations. Deficiency of the hypocretin neurotransmitter system was shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of narcolepsy in animals and men. There are several hints that neurodegeneration of hypocretin producing neurons in the hypothalamus is the pathological correlate of narcolepsy. The ApoE4 allele is a major contributing factor to early-onset neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative diseases as well. Methods To clarify whether the ApoE4 phenotype predisposes to narcolepsy or associates with an earlier disease onset, we have genotyped the ApoE gene in 103 patients with narcolepsy and 101 healthy controls. Results The frequency of the E4 allele of the ApoE gene was 11% in the patient and 15% in the control groups. Furthermore, the mean age of onset did not differ between the ApoE4+ and ApoE4- patient groups. Conclusion Our results exclude the ApoE4 allele as a major risk factor for narcolepsy. PMID:11560764

ApoE polymorphisms in narcolepsy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kasten Meike

2001-08-01

Full Text Available Summary Background Narcolepsy is a common neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by increased daytime sleepiness, cataplexy and hypnagogic hallucinations. Deficiency of the hypocretin neurotransmitter system was shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of narcolepsy in animals and men. There are several hints that neurodegeneration of hypocretin producing neurons in the hypothalamus is the pathological correlate of narcolepsy. The ApoE4 allele is a major contributing factor to early-onset neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative diseases as well. Methods To clarify whether the ApoE4 phenotype predisposes to narcolepsy or associates with an earlier disease onset, we have genotyped the ApoE gene in 103 patients with narcolepsy and 101 healthy controls. Results The frequency of the E4 allele of the ApoE gene was 11% in the patient and 15% in the control groups. Furthermore, the mean age of onset did not differ between the ApoE4+ and ApoE4- patient groups. Conclusion Our results exclude the ApoE4 allele as a major risk factor for narcolepsy.

Blunt traumatic rupture of a mainstem bronchus: spiral CT demonstration of the &apos;&apos;fallen lung&apos;&apos; sign

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wintermark, M.; Schnyder, P.; Wicky, S. [Dept. of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, Lausanne (Switzerland)

2001-03-01

Tracheo-bronchial injuries occur in less than 1 % of blunt chest trauma patients. Indirect signs, such as pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, and/or subcutaneous emphysema, are revealed on admission plain films and chest CT survey. In most instances, however, tracheo-bronchoscopy is mandatory in assessing the definite diagnosis of tracheo-bronchial lesion. Occasionally, an abnormal course of a mainstem bronchus or a &apos;&apos;fallen lung&apos;&apos; sign, featuring a collapsed lung in a dependent position, hanging on the hilum only by its vascular attachments, may allow for CT diagnosis of a blunt traumatic bronchial injury. (orig.)

Overview of nuclear safety activities performed by JRC-IE on Gen IV fast reactor concepts

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tsige-Tamirat, H.; Ammirabile, L.; D' Agata, E.; Fuetterer, M.; Ranguelova, V. [European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Energy, Westerduinweg 3, 1755LE Petten (Netherlands)

2010-07-01

The European Strategic Energy Technology (SET) Plan recognizes the need to develop new energy technologies, in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and secure energy supply in Europe. Besides renewable energy and improved energy efficiency, a new generation of nuclear power plants and innovative nuclear power applications can play a significant role to achieve this goal. The JRC Institute for Energy &apos;Safety of Future Nuclear Reactors&apos; (SFNR) Unit is engaged in experimental research, numerical simulation and modelling, scientific, feasibility and engineering studies on innovative nuclear reactor systems. This also represents a significant EURATOM contribution to the Generation IV International Forum. Its activities deal with, among others, the performance assessment of innovative fuels and materials, development of new reactor core concepts and safety solutions, and knowledge management and preservation. Special attention is given to fast reactor concepts, namely the sodium (SFR) and lead (LFR) cooled reactors. Recognizing the maturity of the SFR technology, the European Sustainable Nuclear Energy Technology Platform (SNETP) considers a prototype SFR to be built as a next-step towards the deployment of a first-of-a-kind Gen IV SFR. This paper gives an overview of current research preformed at JRC-IE with emphasis on the work performed in the Collaborative Project on European Sodium Fast Reactor (CP-ESFR) within the European Commission&apos;s Seventh Framework Program. (authors)

A model-independent &apos;&apos;general search&apos;&apos; for new physics with the ATLAS detector at LHC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bianchi, Riccardo Maria

2014-03-18

The LHC particle collider accelerates bunches of protons at energies never reached before, thus opening a completely new landscape of new physics. In this scenario the number of possible physics processes and signatures becomes virtually infinite, making the setup of dedicated analyses impossible. Moreover there are regions of the phase-space where signals of new physics are not very likely to be found, or where suitable theoretical models are missing, and it is important to be able to reveal new processes from such regions as well. At the time this Thesis was started, no model-independent analysis had been set for the ATLAS experiment at LHC. The goal of this work was then to conceive and develop a new model-independent &apos;&apos;General Search&apos;&apos; for ATLAS, and to explore its possibilities. The new analysis has been then implemented and run over the first data which have been collected by the ATLAS experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. This work presents the motivation of the data analysis, describes its implementation and shows the results. The data have shown a very good agreement with the Standard Model expectation and no evidence of new physics has been observed. Nevertheless, an efficient strategy and methodology for a new model-independent &apos;&apos;General Search&apos;&apos; have been defined and they are ready to be used in a next version of this analysis, over a larger set of experimental data. During this work, a new innovative software framework has been also conceived and developed to ease the implementation of physics analysis code using Computer-Aided- Software-Engineering (CASE) principles. The framework has been successfully used to analyze the very first LHC data, and then it has been transformed into an open-source modular framework for HEP data analysis, and presented at Physics and Computer Science international conferences.

&apos;&apos;Wie alles sich zum Ganzen webt&apos;&apos;: on a new orientation for the concept of matter, based on relations between quantum physics and cosmology

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goernitz, T. [Inst. fuer Didaktik der Physik, J.W.Goethe-Univ., Frankfurt/Main (Germany)

2007-07-01

It is common sense between physicists that in the beginning the cosmos is in a narrow relationship to quantum phenomena. Because of the universal validity of quantum theory this relation remains significant in the whole cosmic evolution. Whereas a classical approach is sufficient for the description of many phenomena it is no more useful at last for the case of the ground state of a system. This holds also for the cosmos. The black holes are that part of physics where quantum theory and gravitational theory come into close contact. There a Gedankenexperiment becomes possible that clarifies the fundamental role of abstract quantum information. We give it a new name (Protyposis) because it must be imagined without emitter, receiver and moreover without any concrete meaning. This meaning-free abstract quantum information is defined by means of black holes and cosmology. Protyposis enables a new conception for &apos;'matter'&apos; and makes possible to overcome the problems of the &apos;'Lego-world-view'&apos;, which result from the attempt to find the &apos;&apos;simple and therefore basic concepts&apos;&apos; in the range of spatial smallness. Matter can be understood now as &apos;&apos;formed and condensed quantum information&apos;&apos;. But on a first view it is nothing to see from its character of being information, as like matter does not appear as &apos;&apos;pure motion&apos;&apos;, what it is also because of E=mc{sup 2}. (orig.)

The ApoE receptors Vldlr and Apoer2 in central nervous system function and disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Lane-Donovan, Courtney; Herz, Joachim

2017-06-01

The LDL receptor (LDLR) family has long been studied for its role in cholesterol transport and metabolism; however, the identification of ApoE4, an LDLR ligand, as a genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease has focused attention on the role this receptor family plays in the CNS. Surprisingly, it was discovered that two LDLR family members, ApoE receptor 2 (Apoer2) and VLDL receptor (Vldlr), play key roles in brain development and adult synaptic plasticity, primarily by mediating Reelin signaling. This review focuses on Apoer2 and Vldlr signaling in the CNS and its role in human disease. Copyright © 2017 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Financial and tax risks at implementation of &apos;&apos;Chayanda- Lensk&apos;&apos; section of &apos;&apos;Sila Sibiri&apos;&apos; gas transportation system construction project

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sharf, I V; Chukhareva, N V; Kuznetsova, L P

2014-01-01

High social and economic importance of large-scale projects on gasification of East Siberian regions of Russia and diversifying gas exports poses the problem of complex risk analysis of the project. This article discusses the various types of risks that could significantly affect the timing of the implementation and effectiveness of the project for the construction of the first line of &apos;&apos;Sila Sibiri&apos;&apos;, the &apos;'Chayanda-Lensk'&apos; section. Special attention is paid to financial and tax aspects of the project. Graphically presented analysis of the dynamics of financial indicators reflect certain periods of effectiveness in implementing the project. Authors also discuss the possible causes and consequences of risks

HDL-apoA-I exchange: rapid detection and association with atherosclerosis.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mark S Borja

Full Text Available High density lipoprotein (HDL cholesterol levels are associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular disease, but not all HDL are functionally equivalent. A primary determinant of HDL functional status is the conformational adaptability of its main protein component, apoA-I, an exchangeable apolipoprotein. Chemical modification of apoA-I, as may occur under conditions of inflammation or diabetes, can severely impair HDL function and is associated with the presence of cardiovascular disease. Chemical modification of apoA-I also impairs its ability to exchange on and off HDL, a critical process in reverse cholesterol transport. In this study, we developed a method using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR to quantify HDL-apoA-I exchange. Using this approach, we measured the degree of HDL-apoA-I exchange for HDL isolated from rabbits fed a high fat, high cholesterol diet, as well as human subjects with acute coronary syndrome and metabolic syndrome. We observed that HDL-apoA-I exchange was markedly reduced when atherosclerosis was present, or when the subject carries at least one risk factor of cardiovascular disease. These results show that HDL-apoA-I exchange is a clinically relevant measure of HDL function pertinent to cardiovascular disease.

Simulating human behavior for national security human interactions.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bernard, Michael Lewis; Hart, Dereck H.; Verzi, Stephen J.; Glickman, Matthew R.; Wolfenbarger, Paul R.; Xavier, Patrick Gordon

2007-01-01

This 3-year research and development effort focused on what we believe is a significant technical gap in existing modeling and simulation capabilities: the representation of plausible human cognition and behaviors within a dynamic, simulated environment. Specifically, the intent of the &apos;&apos;Simulating Human Behavior for National Security Human Interactions&apos;&apos; project was to demonstrate initial simulated human modeling capability that realistically represents intra- and inter-group interaction behaviors between simulated humans and human-controlled avatars as they respond to their environment. Significant process was made towards simulating human behaviors through the development of a framework that produces realistic characteristics and movement. The simulated humans were created from models designed to be psychologically plausible by being based on robust psychological research and theory. Progress was also made towards enhancing Sandia National Laboratories existing cognitive models to support culturally plausible behaviors that are important in representing group interactions. These models were implemented in the modular, interoperable, and commercially supported Umbra{reg_sign} simulation framework.

MID-INFRARED HIGH-CONTRAST IMAGING OF HD 114174 B: AN APPARENT AGE DISCREPANCY IN A &apos;'SIRIUS-LIKE'&apos; BINARY SYSTEM

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Matthews, Christopher T.; Crepp, Justin R. [Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, 225 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 (United States); Skemer, Andrew; Hinz, Philip M.; Bailey, Vanessa P.; Defrere, Denis; Leisenring, Jarron [Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 993 N. Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 (United States); Gianninas, Alexandros; Kilic, Mukremin [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 (United States); Skrutskie, Michael [Department of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 (United States); Esposito, Simone; Puglisi, Alfio [Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri Largo E. Fermi I-550125 Firenze (Italy)

2014-03-10

We present new observations of the faint &apos;'Sirius-like'&apos; companion discovered to orbit HD 114174. Previous attempts to image HD 114174 B at mid-infrared wavelengths using NIRC2 at Keck have resulted in a non-detection. Our new L&apos;-band observations taken with the Large Binocular Telescope and L/M-band InfraRed Camera recover the companion (ΔL = 10.15 ± 0.15 mag, ρ = 0.&apos;&apos;675 ± 0.&apos;&apos;016) with a high signal-to-noise ratio (10σ). This measurement represents the deepest L&apos; high-contrast imaging detection at subarcsecond separations to date, including extrasolar planets. We confirm that HD 114174 B has near-infrared colors consistent with the interpretation of a cool white dwarf (WD; J – L&apos; = 0.76 ± 0.19 mag, K – L&apos; = 0.64 ± 0.20). New model fits to the object&apos;s spectral energy distribution indicate a temperature T {sub eff} = 4260 ± 360 K, surface gravity log g = 7.94 ± 0.03, a cooling age t{sub c} ≈ 7.8 Gyr, and mass M = 0.54 ± 0.01 M {sub ☉}. We find that the cooling ages given by theoretical atmospheric models do not agree with the age of HD 114174 A derived from both isochronological and gyrochronological analyses. We speculate on possible scenarios to explain the apparent age discrepancy between the primary and secondary. HD 114174 B is a nearby benchmark WD that will ultimately enable a dynamical mass estimate through continued Doppler and astrometric monitoring. Efforts to characterize its physical properties in detail will test theoretical atmospheric models and improve our understanding of WD evolution, cooling, and progenitor masses.

A supramolecular &apos;'Double-cable'&apos; structure with a 129{sub 44} helix in a columnar porphyrin-C{sub 60} dyad and its application in polymer solar cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang, Chien-Lung [College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH (United States); Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan (China); Zhang, Wen-Bin; Sun, Hao-Jan; Van Horn, Ryan M.; Kulkarni, Rahul R.; Tsai, Chi-Chun; Gong, Xiong; Cheng, Stephen Z.D. [College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH (United States); Hsu, Chain-Shu [Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan (China); Lotz, Bernard [Institut Charles Sadron, Strasbourg (France)

2012-11-15

A novel porphyrin-C{sub 60} dyad (PCD1) is designed and synthesized to investigate and manipulate the supramolecular structure where geometrically isotropic [such as [60]fullerene (C{sub 60})] and anisotropic [such as porphyrin (Por)] units coexist. It is observed that PCD1 possesses an enantiomeric phase behavior. The melting temperature of the stable PCD1 thermotropic phase is 160 C with a latent heat ({Delta}H) of 18.5 kJ mol{sup -1}. The phase formation is majorly driven by the cooperative intermolecular Por-Por and C{sub 60}-C{sub 60} interactions. Structural analysis reveals that this stable phase possesses a supramolecular &apos;'double-cable'&apos; structure with one p-type Por core columnar channel and three helical n-type C{sub 60} peripheral channels. These &apos;'double-cable'&apos; columns further pack into a hexagonal lattice with a = b = 4.65 nm, c = 41.3 nm, {alpha} = {beta} = 90 , and {gamma} = 120 . The column repeat unit is determined to possess a 129{sub 44} helix. With both donor (D; Pro) and acceptor (A; C{sub 60}) units having their own connecting channels as well as the large D/A interface within the supramolecular &apos;'double-cable'&apos; structure, PCD1 has photogenerated carriers with longer lifetimes compared to the conventional electron acceptor [6,6]-phenyl-C{sub 61}-butyric acid methyl ester. A phase-separated columnar morphology is observed in a bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) material made by the physical blend of a low band-gap conjugated polymer, poly[2,6-(4,4-bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-cyclopenta [2,1-b;3,4-b&apos;]-dithiophene)-alt-4,7-(2,1,3-benzothia-diazole)] (PCPDTBT), and PCD1. With a specific phase structure in the solid state and in the blend, PCD1 is shown to be a promising candidate as a new electron acceptor in high performance BHJ polymer solar cells. (Copyright copyright 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Switzerland as Europe&apos;s &apos;'battery'&apos;. Wishful dream or reality?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kammer, Adrian; Zurmuehle, Damian; Salzmann, Michael; Baumgartner, Raphael; Mignone, Domenico

2015-01-01

There are plans for Swiss pumped hydrostorage systems to absorb large quantities of excess electricity from European wind and solar power generation. Model-based analyses have shown however that &apos;'Europe&apos;s battery&apos;&apos;, as Switzerland would like to see itself, will not be needed until the middle of this century. Even if all extension projects currently in progress should be completed, Switzerland will not have sufficient pump capacity or import capacity to absorb large amounts of excess electricity. Furthermore, the primary means of making storage capacity available for import electricity would be to reduce reservoir power plant capacity. In view of all this Switzerland&apos;s hopes for a role as a major European electricity storage provider appear somewhat exaggerated even in the long-term perspective.

IV&V Project Assessment Process Validation

Science.gov (United States)

Driskell, Stephen

2012-01-01

The Space Launch System (SLS) will launch NASA's Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle (MPCV). This launch vehicle will provide American launch capability for human exploration and travelling beyond Earth orbit. SLS is designed to be flexible for crew or cargo missions. The first test flight is scheduled for December 2017. The SLS SRR/SDR provided insight into the project development life cycle. NASA IV&V ran the standard Risk Based Assessment and Portfolio Based Risk Assessment to identify analysis tasking for the SLS program. This presentation examines the SLS System Requirements Review/System Definition Review (SRR/SDR), IV&V findings for IV&V process validation correlation to/from the selected IV&V tasking and capabilities. It also provides a reusable IEEE 1012 scorecard for programmatic completeness across the software development life cycle.

&apos;Minergie&apos; as an opportunity for trade; &apos;Minergie&apos; als Chance fuer das Gewerbe

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Graf, R.; Buergi, H.; Hotz, R.

2000-07-01

This collection of short articles is dedicated to the promotion of the Swiss &apos;Minergie&apos; building standard, covering the following points: &apos;Minergie&apos; - a standard for the future; well-insulated and air-tight - two of the three main &apos;Minergie&apos; requirements; solar collectors as a &apos;Minergie&apos; component; radiators for low-energy-consumption buildings; hot water from the sun on six out of seven days; the &apos;Minergie&apos; module as a factor for success; the &apos;Habitus&apos; ventilation unit - a new Swiss product. The first contribution introduces the &apos;Minergie&apos; Standard. Its application in the building and building technical services trades offers from considerable advantages and opportunities for profit. The Standard, which aims to increase the comfort and reduce the energy consumption of buildings, is introduced and the basic principles involved, including energy usage figures, are discussed. A second contribution describes two of the three main requirements for reaching the &apos;Minergie&apos; Standard, air-tightness and good thermal insulation. The main advantage of the standard - a higher level of comfort - is emphasised and an example is given. The third short article takes a look at the use of thermal solar collectors as a source of heat in &apos;Minergie&apos; buildings. A solution involving a combined solar heating and hot-water supply is discussed. The fourth contribution discusses the use of low-temperature radiators in &apos;Minergie&apos; buildings. Examples are given of heat requirements calculation and the factors involved in dimensioning the radiators are discussed. A fifth article describes a commercially available compact solar hot-water system and discusses questions of solar fraction. Returning to basic aspects, the sixth contribution introduces a labelling system for the various components of a &apos;Minergie&apos; building - such as ventilation units, insulation material, radiators, boilers etc

Hafnium(IV) complexation with oxalate at variable temperatures

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Friend, Mitchell T.; Wall, Nathalie A. [Washington State Univ., Pullmanm, WA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry

2017-08-01

Appropriate management of fission products in the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) is crucial in developing advanced reprocessing schemes. The addition of aqueous phase complexing agents can prevent the co-extraction of these fission products. A solvent extraction technique was used to study the complexation of Hf(IV) - an analog to fission product Zr(IV) - with oxalate at 15, 25, and 35 C in 1 M HClO{sub 4} utilizing a {sup 175+181}Hf radiotracer. The mechanism of the solvent extraction system of 10{sup -5} M Hf(IV) in 1 M HClO{sub 4} to thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTA) in toluene demonstrated a 4{sup th}-power dependence in both TTA and H{sup +}, with Hf(TTA){sub 4} the only extractable species. The equilibrium constant for the extraction of Hf(TTA){sub 4} was determined to be log K{sub ex}=7.67±0.07 (25±1 C, 1 M HClO{sub 4}). The addition of oxalate to the aqueous phase decreased the distribution ratio, indicating aqueous Hf(IV)-oxalate complex formation. Polynomial fits to the distribution data identified the formation of Hf(ox){sup 2+} and Hf(ox){sub 2(aq)} and their stability constants were measured at 15, 25, and 35 C in 1 M HClO{sub 4}. van&apos;t Hoff analysis was used to calculate Δ{sub r}G, Δ{sub r}H, and Δ{sub r}S for these species. Stability constants were observed to increase at higher temperature, an indication that Hf(IV)-oxalate complexation is endothermic and driven by entropy.

Scientists from all over the world attend the 2007 - Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School on Nuclear Reactors, &apos;Physics, Fuels and Systems&apos;; Wissenschaftler aus aller Welt bei der 2007 Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School on Nuclear Reactors &apos;Physics, Fuels and Systems&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fischer, U.; Sanchez-Espinoza, V.H. [Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe (Germany). Inst. fuer Reaktorsicherheit

2007-12-15

For more than ten years, the Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School has been organized alternately by the Karlsruhe Research Center in Germany and the French Commissariat a l&apos;Energie Atomique (CEA), Cadarache, in France. This year, the Summer School was held at the Center for Advanced Training in Technology and the Environment of the Karlsruhe Research Center on August 29 to September 7. The overarching topic of the event was the sustainability of nuclear power, including topical issues of generation-IV reactor concepts, transmutation and actinide separation, and geologic final storage. Next year&apos;s Frederic Joliot/Otto Hahn Summer School will be organized by CEA at Aix-en-Provence together with the Nuclear Safety Research Program of the Karlsruhe Research Center. (orig.)

Thermal management of a &apos;'BC'&apos; size molicel

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fouchard, D.; Ruggier, L.; Taylor, B.J.

1987-05-01

The &apos;'BC'&apos; size MOLICEL using the rechargeable system Li/MoS/sub 2/ has already been shown to have performance characteristics appropriate for use in an electric vehicle battery. The cell design, based on the results of thermal modelling studies, has been modified to provide for improved removal of waste heat resulting from planned high power discharge or from accidental electrical abuse. Experimental verification of the various interfacial thermal impedances was done and an appropriate heat sink specified to use air cooling for the final rejection stage. Fully instrumented 45 Ah test cells were built using a design in which waste heat was caused to flow axially in the aluminum foils forming the cathode current collector. The bottom ends of these foils were thermally integrated to the cell can bottom which had air cooling fins attached externally. Two fully charged cells of this special design were subjected to sustained short circuit whilst being cooled on their fins only with air at 25 km/h. Neither cell experienced any excessive heat built-up and no safety hazard occurred. The results show that thermal management of this type of battery can readily be done using a simple cell design modification and requiring minimum complexity for heat disposal to the environment. The system does not impose any extraordinary constraints on electric vehicle design and it would also be feasible to duct warm air from the battery heat exchanger to provide passenger compartment heating. 17 figs., 7 tabs.

Water source heat pumps at the &apos;'Oceanopolis'&apos; park of Brest; Des PAC sur boucle d&apos;eau au parc &apos;'Oceanopolis'&apos; de Brest

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anon.

2000-01-01

The creation of the new &apos;polar&apos; and &apos;tropical&apos; lodges of the &apos;Oceanopolis&apos; park (aquarium and greenhouses) of Brest (Brittany, France) has led to chose the solution of water source heat pumps for the energy production. More than 30 thermodynamic machineries are used to supply both heat and coldness to the installations. This paper describes the technical characteristics of the heating/refrigerating installations, their energy performances and the estimated cost-benefit aspects. (J.S.)

Ustur whole body case 0269: demonstrating effectiveness of i.v. CA-DTPA for Pu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

James, A.C.; Sasser, L.B.; Stuit, D.B. [US Transuranium and Uranium Registries, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, 1845 Terminal Drive, Suite 201, Richland, WA 99354 (United States); Glover, S.E. [Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Nuclear Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 598 Rhodes Hall, Cincinnati, OH 45221 (United States); Carbaugh, E.H. [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99354 (United States)

2007-07-01

This whole body donation case (USTUR Registrant) involved a single acute inhalation of an acidic Pu(NO{sub 3}){sub 4} solution in the form of an aerosol &apos;mist&apos;. Chelation treatment with intravenously (i.v.) Ca-EDTA was initiated on the day of the intake, and continued intermittently over 6 months. After 2.5 y with no further treatment, a course of i.v. Ca-DTPA was administered. A total of 400 measurements of {sup 239+240}Pu excreted in urine were recorded; starting on the first day (both before and during the initial Ca-EDTA chelation) and continuing for 37 y. This sampling included all intervals of chelation. In addition, 91 measurements of {sup 239+240}Pu-in-feces were recorded over this whole period. The Registrant died about 38 y after the intake, at age 79 y, with extensive carcinomatosis secondary to adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland. At autopsy, all major soft tissue organs were harvested for radiochemical analyses of their {sup 238}Pu, {sup 239+240}Pu and {sup 241}Am content. Also, all types of bone (comprising about half the skeleton) were harvested for radiochemical analyses, as well as samples of skin, subcutaneous fat and muscle. This comprehensive data set has been applied to derive &apos;chelation-enhanced&apos; transfer rates in the ICRP Publication 67 plutonium biokinetic model, representing the behaviour of blood-borne and tissue-incorporated plutonium during intervals of therapy. The resulting model of the separate effects of i.v. Ca-EDTA and Ca-DTPA chelation shows that the therapy administered in this case succeeded in reducing substantially the long-term burden of plutonium in all body organs, except for the lungs. The calculated reductions in organ content at the time of death are {approx}40% for the liver, 60% for other soft tissues (muscle, skin, glands, etc.), 50% for the kidneys and 50% for the skeleton. Essentially, all of the substantial reduction in skeletal burden occurred in trabecular bone. This modelling exercise

Proteomic analysis reveals the enhancement of human serum apolipoprotein A-1(APO A-1) in individuals infected with multiple dengue virus serotypes.

Science.gov (United States)

Manchala, Nageswar Reddy; Dungdung, Ranjeet; Pilankatta, Rajendra

2017-10-01

Human serum protein profiling of the individual infected with multiple dengue virus serotypes for identifying the potential biomarkers and to investigate the cause for the severity of dengue virus infection. Dengue virus NS1-positive serum samples were pooled into two groups (S2 and S3) based on the molecular serotyping and number of heterotypic infections. The pooled serum samples were subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DGE) to identify the differentially expressed proteins. The peptide masses of upregulated protein were detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionisation time-of-flight MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and analysed by MASCOT search engine. The results were compared with the control group (S1). The commonly upregulated protein was validated by quantitative ELISA and compared with control as well as single serotypic infected samples. Based on 2DGE, total thirteen proteins were differentially upregulated in S2 and S3 groups as compared to control. Some of the upregulated proteins were involved in mediating the complement activation of immune response. The apolipoprotein A-1 (APO A-1) was upregulated in S2 and S3 groups. Upon validation, APO A-1 levels were increased in line with the number of heterotypic infection of dengue viruses. Heterotypic infection of dengue viruses upregulate the serum proteins involved in the complement pathway in the early phase of infection. There was a significant increase in the level of APO A-1 in three different serotypic infections of dengue virus as compared to control. Further, the role of APO-A1 can be explored in elucidating the mechanism of dengue pathogenesis. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Korea&apos;s 1-watt plan &apos;&apos;Standby Korea 2010&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Yungrae

2010-09-15

Korea announced standby power of all electronics shall be reduced to below 1W by 2010. Ministry of Knowledge Economy (MKE, Korean government) and Korea Energy Management Corporation (KEMCO) established &apos;&apos;Standby Korea 2010&apos;&apos; which is a roadmap to limit standby power below 1W by 2010. Korea implemented mandatory program over a relatively short period of time, incorporating the better elements from the more established national program and adding new initiatives, such as the threat of using mandatory warning label for products that fail to meet standby power targets.

&apos;Green Isle&apos; on the &apos;Red Isle&apos;. The gasometer in Berlin becomes a centre of the &apos;European Energy Forum&apos;; &apos;Gruene Insel&apos; auf der &apos;Roten Insel&apos;. Der Berliner Gasometer wird zum Zentrum des &apos;Europaeischen Energie Forums&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Meyer, Ulf

2013-06-01

If the ARD political talk show with Guenther Jauch starts on Sunday night after the crime thriller, only few viewers know that they are tele-guests on the former gasometer site in Berlin-Schoeneberg. Currently, this site is being transformed into an environmentally friendly campus called the &apos;European Energy Forum&apos; (EUREF). According to the will of the owner and architect Reinhard Mueller, the campus will become the largest CO{sub 2} neutral office and business location in Europe. Totally 600 million Euro will be invested. All new buildings should be ecological &apos;green buildings&apos; and received the LEED Gold certification.

Effect of TNFα on activities of different promoters of human apolipoprotein A-I gene

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Orlov, Sergey V.; Mogilenko, Denis A.; Shavva, Vladimir S.; Dizhe, Ella B.; Ignatovich, Irina A.; Perevozchikov, Andrej P.

2010-01-01

Research highlights: → TNFα stimulates the distal alternative promoter of human apoA-I gene. → TNFα acts by weakening of promoter competition within apoA-I gene (promoter switching). → MEK1/2 and nuclear receptors PPARα and LXRs take part in apoA-I promoter switching. -- Abstract: Human apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) is a major structural and functional protein component of high-density lipoproteins. The expression of the apolipoprotein A-I gene (apoA-I) in hepatocytes is repressed by pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and TNFα. Recently, two novel additional (alternative) promoters for human apoA-I gene have been identified. Nothing is known about the role of alternative promoters in TNFα-mediated downregulation of apoA-I gene. In this article we report for the first time about the different effects of TNFα on two alternative promoters of human apoA-I gene. Stimulation of HepG2 cells by TNFα leads to activation of the distal alternative apoA-I promoter and downregulation of the proximal alternative and the canonical apoA-I promoters. This effect is mediated by weakening of the promoter competition within human apoA-I 5'-regulatory region (apoA-I promoter switching) in the cells treated by TNFα. The MEK1/2-ERK1/2 cascade and nuclear receptors PPARα and LXRs are important for TNFα-mediated apoA-I promoter switching.

Post-Copenhagen: the &apos;new&apos; math, legal &apos;additionality&apos; and climate warming

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ferrey, Steven

2010-05-15

Control of carbon emissions to the atmosphere is the environmental issue of this decade - perhaps of this entire generation. Its importance has been equated to the survival of the planet. It may all come down to the novel legal concept that sounds like second-grade math: &apos;'additionality.'&apos; However, it is the &apos;'new'&apos; math. (author)

Distinct kinetics of human DNA ligases I, IIIalpha, IIIbeta, and IV reveal direct DNA sensing ability and differential physiological functions in DNA repair

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chen, Xi; Ballin, Jeff D.; Della-Maria, Julie; Tsai, Miaw-Sheue; White, Elizabeth J.; Tomkinson, Alan E.; Wilson, Gerald M.

2009-05-11

The three human LIG genes encode polypeptides that catalyze phosphodiester bond formation during DNA replication, recombination and repair. While numerous studies have identified protein partners of the human DNA ligases (hLigs), there has been little characterization of the catalytic properties of these enzymes. In this study, we developed and optimized a fluorescence-based DNA ligation assay to characterize the activities of purified hLigs. Although hLigI joins DNA nicks, it has no detectable activity on linear duplex DNA substrates with short, cohesive single-strand ends. By contrast, hLigIII{beta} and the hLigIII{alpha}/XRCC1 and hLigIV/XRCC4 complexes are active on both nicked and linear duplex DNA substrates. Surprisingly, hLigIV/XRCC4, which is a key component of the major non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway, is significantly less active than hLigIII on a linear duplex DNA substrate. Notably, hLigIV/XRCC4 molecules only catalyze a single ligation event in the absence or presence of ATP. The failure to catalyze subsequent ligation events reflects a defect in the enzyme-adenylation step of the next ligation reaction and suggests that, unless there is an in vivo mechanism to reactivate DNA ligase IV/XRCC4 following phosphodiester bond formation, the cellular NHEJ capacity will be determined by the number of adenylated DNA ligaseIV/XRCC4 molecules.

A conceptual model of people&apos;s approach to sanitation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Avvannavar, Santosh M. [Center for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, Karnataka (India)], E-mail: santosh@astra.iisc.ernet; Mani, Monto [Center for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, Karnataka (India)

2008-02-01

Sanitation is a term primarily used to characterize the safe and sound handling (and disposal) of human excreta - or simply, people&apos;s approach to take-care of their (unavoidable) primal urge. According to the recent Human Development Report 2006 Global access to proper sanitation stands at approximately 58% with 37% being a conservative estimate both for South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Various multi-million dollar sanitation programmes the world over have had little success, often due to inadequate understanding of people&apos;s sanitation approach. Sanitation approach includes the perception, feel and practices involved in satisficing the primal need to defecate and urinate (and their disposal). This paper presents a structure to understand the nature of psycho-socio-economic influences that determine societal approach to sanitation. Societies across the globe have evolved imbibing diverse influences attributed to the local environment, religion, cultural practices, war, etc. While a civilization&apos;s living environment reflects these influences in their built-environment characteristics, the influences are often deep-rooted and can be traced to the way the community members satisfice their need to defecate and urinate (sanitation approach). The objective of this paper is to trace the various approaches that diverse societies/civilizations, over time, across the world have had towards sanitation, and present a structure to articulate and understand determining factors. Sanitation also involves other domestic (solid and liquid) waste disposal but in the context of this paper the scope of sanitation has been restricted to human excreta alone. The structure presented and discussed in this paper would be useful in understanding a community better in terms of providing appropriate sanitation. It is hoped that this structure be considered as a basis for further refinement and detailed research into each of the factors determining people&apos;s sanitation

Radiological assessment of skull base changes in children with syndromic craniosynostosis: role of &apos;'minor'&apos; sutures

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Calandrelli, Rosalinda; D' Apolito, Gabriella; Gaudino, Simona; Stefanetti, Mariangela; Colosimo, Cesare [Universita Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Institute of Radiology, Rome (Italy); Massimi, Luca; Di Rocco, Concezio [Universita Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Institute of Neurosurgery, Rome (Italy)

2014-10-15

This study aims to identify the premature synostosis of &apos;'major'&apos; and &apos;'minor'&apos; sutures of the four &apos;&apos;sutural arches&apos;&apos; of the skull and to perform a morphometric analysis in children with syndromic craniosynostosis in order to evaluate changes in the skull base linked with premature suture synostosis. We reviewed multiplanar high-resolution CT images, implemented with 3D reconstructions, from 18 patients with complex syndromic craniosynostosis and compared them with 18 age-matched healthy subjects. We assessed the calvarial sutures and their extension to the skull base, and then we correlated specific types of synostosis with the size, shape and symmetry of the cranial fossae. We found a marked asymmetry of the skull base growth in all patients. The synostotic involvement around the coronal ring caused a reduction in the growth of the anterior and middle fossae. The size of the posterior cranial fossa was related not only to &apos;'major'&apos; but also to &apos;'minor'&apos; suture synostosis of the lambdoid and parieto-squamosal arches. Changes in the skull base and craniofacial axis symmetry are due to structural and functional relationships between &apos;'major'&apos; and &apos;'minor'&apos; skull sutures, suggesting a structural and functional relationship between the neurocranium and basicranium. The early recognition of prematurely closed skull base sutures may help clinicians and neurosurgeons to establish correct therapeutic approaches. (orig.)

Emotions, visions and communications. &apos;&apos;Heartbeats inclusive&apos;&apos;; Emotionen, Visionen und Kommunikationen. &apos;&apos;Herzklopfen inklusive&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rinderknecht, F.M. [Rinspeed AG, Zumikom (Germany)

2006-07-01

Emotional aspects become more and more relevant and important in today&apos;s consumer world. It is not only the technical features or the price which influence decisions for buying or not, but non-tangible elements as brand name, image, imaginary value, personal positioning and other emotions. Products become more and more equal as well as their performance sets no differentiation. Therefore marketing and sales strategies call for emotional differentiations. One very successful example on today&apos;s market is the I-Pod - nothing simpler than a MP3-player which fetches three times the monetary revenue and has some times even a waiting list. Why? Because it is &apos;'cool'&apos; and a status symbol to own one. The same thinking needs to be applied in the marketing and sales activities of natural gas as a mobile fuel as well. Having many important functional disadvantages over gasoline such as a small number of filling stations, limited range of models offered and sometimes limited range and national offer, not only the financial aspects of saving fuel costs, but the emotional positioning of the buyer is very important: To be environment conscious, to be the first, to be different, to be responsible, to be looked at as a trend-setter, and to possibly have power equal to the equivalent in gasoline engines. (orig.)

ApoA-I/A-II-HDL positively associates with apoB-lipoproteins as a potential atherogenic indicator.

Science.gov (United States)

Kido, Toshimi; Kondo, Kazuo; Kurata, Hideaki; Fujiwara, Yoko; Urata, Takeyoshi; Itakura, Hiroshige; Yokoyama, Shinji

2017-11-29

We recently reported distinct nature of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) subgroup particles with apolipoprotein (apo) A-I but not apoA-II (LpAI) and HDL having both (LpAI:AII) based on the data from 314 Japanese. While plasma HDL level almost exclusively depends on concentration of LpAI having 3 to 4 apoA-I molecules, LpAI:AII appeared with almost constant concentration regardless of plasma HDL levels having stable structure with two apoA-I and one disulfide-dimeric apoA-II molecules (Sci. Rep. 6; 31,532, 2016). The aim of this study is further characterization of LpAI:AII with respect to its role in atherogenesis. Association of LpAI, LpAI:AII and other HDL parameters with apoB-lipoprotein parameters was analyzed among the cohort data above. ApoA-I in LpAI negatively correlated with the apoB-lipoprotein parameters such as apoB, triglyceride, nonHDL-cholesterol, and nonHDL-cholesterol + triglyceride, which are apparently reflected in the relations of the total HDL parameters to apoB-lipoproteins. In contrast, apoA-I in LpAI:AII and apoA-II positively correlated to the apoB-lipoprotein parameters even within their small range of variation. These relationships are independent of sex, but may slightly be influenced by the activity-related CETP mutations. The study suggested that LpAI:AII is an atherogenic indicator rather than antiatherogenic. These sub-fractions of HDL are to be evaluated separately for estimating atherogenic risk of the patients.

Technical and quality requisites (RTC&apos;s) &apos;a data architecture&apos;; Requisitos tecnicos y de calidad (RTC&apos; s) &apos;una arquitectura de datos&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Munoz G, R.; Jimenez R, B.; Ahedo A, S. [ININ, 52750 La Marquesa, Estado de Mexico (Mexico)]. e-mail: rmg@nuclear.inin.mx

2007-07-01

The RTC&apos;s are notes of technical and of quality requisites that the CLV emits, according to validity procedures of the Nuclear power station, to specify purchasing requisites of equipment with quality assurance category. This document contains a description of the computer program application RTC&apos;s, elaborated by the ININ for the CLV that allows to capture and to process the information of a database whose purpose is to facilitate the elaboration of the RTC&apos;s. Details of its development process are included. (Author)

IEA Implementing Agreement on Electricity Networks Analysis, Research and Development (ENARD) Annex IV: - Transmission Systems Final report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Uhlen, Kjetil; Cirio, Diego

2012-11-01

This is the final report from Annex IV under the IEA Implementing Agreement on Electricity Networks Analysis, Research and Development (ENARD). The Annex has worked out a long-term perspective in the evolution of transmission system planning and operation. This is motivated by the established targets for energy system developments, which in turn are affected by economic paradigms, environmental concerns, and security of supply requirements for the well-being of citizens. The Annex work concludes that urgent action is needed to make the power system able to accommodate in a safe and economic way the dramatic changes it is required to undergo. A main message is that the &apos;right&apos; investment in transmission capacity, which must be stimulated, may be regarded as &apos;overinvestment&apos;. Transmission lines may be &apos;necessary&apos; even though there is a chance that they may be underutilised in parts of their lifetime. In reality, underinvestment could be more costly than overinvestment (contradictory to the motivation for deregulation; to improve efficiency and avoid overinvestment). This is necessary, taking into account the very long planning and consenting processes and accounting for the technical aspects in the regulatory and market framework.(auth)

Reactivity of the uranium (U(IV)/U(VI)) and the plutonium (Pu(III)/Pu(IV)) in nitric aqueous solution under ultrasound; De l&apos;influence des ultrasons sur la reactivite de l&apos;uranium (U(IV)/U(VI)) et du plutonium (PU(III)/PU(IV)) en solution aqueuse nitrique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Venault, L

1998-07-01

To minimize the volumes of solid waste and industrial effluents generated at the end of cycle, particularly in the spent nuclear fuel reprocessing industry, research is currently under way on so-called innovative processes, designed to induce chemical reactions without adding reagent to the media. Among these processes, the use of ultrasound can prove advantageous, and the purpose of this study is to assess accurately the potential for its application. In the present context, this work shows that the transmission of an ultrasonic wave in aqueous nitric acid solution leads to: the accumulation of nitrous acid in solution, until a steady-sate concentration is reached; the removal of nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide in the gas stream. The initial kinetics of the formation of HNO{sub 2} in solution was quantified as a function of the nitric acid concentration and the ultrasound intensity. It was also shown than an excess of nitrous acid in nitric solution decomposes under the effect of ultrasound. It is also possible to accumulate hydrogen peroxide in solution during the ultrasonic irradiation of aqueous nitric acid solutions in the presence of a chemical species (N{sub 2}H{sub 5}{sup +}, NH{sub 2}SO{sub 3}H...) which reacts rapidly with HNO{sub 2}, preventing the reduction of H{sub 2}O{sub 2} by HNO{sub 2}. The mechanisms of HNO{sub 2} formation and decomposition, and the mechanism of H{sub 2}O{sub 2} formation during the ultrasonic irradiation of aqueous nitric acid solutions, are presented. Control of H{sub 2}O{sub 2} or HNO{sub 2} in a nitric acid medium under the effect of an ultrasonic wave can be exploited to control redox reactions of uranium and plutonium ions, particularly with respect to the oxidation of U and Pu (U(IV){yields} U(IV) or Pu(III) {yields} Pu(IV)) and the reduction of Pu (Pu(IV){yields} Pu(III). The redox behavior of uranium and plutonium ions in aqueous nitric solution subject to an ultrasonic flux is interpreted in term of effects

The role of nucleoside/nucleotide transport and metabolism in the uptake and retention of 3&apos;-fluoro-3&apos;-deoxythymidine in human B-lymphoblast cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Plotnik, David A.; McLaughlin, Lena J.; Chan, Jenny; Redmayne-Titley, Joshua N.; Schwartz, Jeffrey L., E-mail: jschwart@uw.edu

2011-10-15

Introduction: Recent studies in the human adenocarcinoma cell line A549 have identified cell growth-dependent equilibrative nucleoside transporter-1 (hENT1) as a modifier of 3&apos;-fluoro-3&apos;-deoxythymidine (FLT) uptake and retention. In the present study, we used the ability to isolate human lymphoblastoid clones deficient in thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) to study how metabolism and nucleoside transport influence FLT uptake and retention. Methods: Transport and metabolism of FLT were measured in the human lymphoblastoid cell line TK6 and in eight clones isolated from TK6. Four clones were TK1-proficient, while four were TK1-deficient. Both influx and efflux of FLT were measured under conditions where concentrative and equilibrative transport could be distinguished. Results: Sodium-dependent concentrative FLT transport dominated over equilibrative transport mechanisms and while inhibition of hENT1 reduced FLT uptake, there were no correlations between clonal variations in hENT1 levels and FLT uptake. There was an absolute requirement of TK1 for concentration of FLT in TK6 cells. FLT uptake reached a peak after 60 min of incubation with FLT after which intracellular levels of FLT and FLT metabolites declined. Efflux was rapid and was associated with reductions in FLT and each of its metabolites. Both FLT and FLT-monophosphate were found in the efflux buffer. Conclusions: Initial rates of FLT uptake were a function of both concentrative and equilibrative transporters. TK1 activity was an absolute requirement for the accumulation of FLT. Retention was dependent on nucleoside/nucleotide efflux and retrograde metabolism of FLT nucleotides.

Severe hypertriglyceridemia in human APOC1 transgenic mice is caused by apoC-I-induced inhibition of LPL

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Berbée, J.F.P.; Hoogt, C.C. van der; Sundararaman, D.; Havekes, L.M.; Rensen, P.C.N.

2005-01-01

Studies in humans and mice have shown that increased expression of apolipoprotein C-I (apoC-I) results in combined hyperlipidemia with a more pronounced effect on triglycerides (TGs) compared with total cholesterol (TC). The aim of this study was to elucidate the main reason for this effect using

Advice relative to the examination of the &apos;clay 2005 file&apos;; Avis relatif a l&apos;examen du &apos;dossier 2005 argile&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2005-12-15

On request of the general director of the French nuclear safety and radiation protection institute (IRSN), the permanent group of experts for long duration waste disposal facilities has examined the &apos;clay 2005 file&apos; made by the ANDRA and which aims at demonstrating the feasibility of a disposal facility for high level and long living rad-wastes in the argillite formation of the Bure site. The group of experts has examined in particular the critical safety aspects of such a facility and the identification and consideration of uncertainties by the ANDRA in its safety analysis. It has also identified the main additional research works that may be carried out to demonstrate the feasibility of an industrial implementation of a safe disposal facility in the same Callovo-Oxfordian argilite formation. This document is the favourable advice and the recommendations expressed by the group of experts after examination of the ANDRA&apos;s &apos;clay 2005 file&apos;. (J.S.)

Linoleum: a &apos;green&apos; flooring option

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anon

2002-07-01

&apos;Green&apos; building materials may be defined as being made of materials and by processes that have low impact on the environment. Linoleum is an example of a sustainable &apos;green&apos; building material. It is durable, easy to repair, is inherently antimicrobial, and has low-cost maintenance. Unlike most other floor coverings, linoleum has naturally occurring anti-static properties, making it easy to clean, since dust and dirt will not adhere to it. The ingredients in linoleum are linseed oil, resin, limestone, wood flour, pigments and jute, all obtainable from natural sources. Vibrant colours for the flooring are created by using organic pigments with no heavy metals such as lead or calcium which, consequently, pose no threat to the environment. Linoleum is also biodegradable. It can be put into a landfill, where it will decompose; in some parts of the world it is incinerated to produce electricity. When used as feedstock for electricity, used linoleum products have an energy content of 18.6 MJ/kg, which is equivalent to coal. As no toxic or corrosive gases are released, the need for gas purification is avoided.

Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein metabolism in women: roles of apoC-II and apoC-III.

Science.gov (United States)

Ooi, Esther M; Chan, Dick C; Hodson, Leanne; Adiels, Martin; Boren, Jan; Karpe, Fredrik; Fielding, Barbara A; Watts, Gerald F; Barrett, P Hugh R

2016-08-01

Experimental data suggest that apolipoprotein (apo) C-II and C-III regulate triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) metabolism, but there are limited studies in humans. We investigated the metabolic associations of TRLs with apoC-II and apoC-III concentrations and kinetics in women. The kinetics of plasma apoC-II, apoC-III and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) apoB-100 and triglycerides were measured in the postabsorptive state using stable isotopic techniques and compartmental modelling in 60 women with wide-ranging body mass index (19·5-32·9 kg/m(2) ). Plasma apoC-II and apoC-III concentrations were positively associated with the concentrations of plasma triglycerides, VLDL1 - and VLDL2 -apoB-100 and triglyceride (all P triglyceride concentration and VLDL1 triglyceride PR, while apoC-II fractional catabolic rate (FCR) was positively associated with VLDL1 triglyceride FCR (all P triglyceride kinetics. ApoC-III PR, but not FCR, was positively associated with VLDL1 triglyceride, and VLDL2 -apoB-100 and triglyceride concentrations (all P triglyceride kinetics. In multivariable analysis, including homoeostasis model assessment score, menopausal status and obesity, apoC-II concentration was significantly associated with plasma triglyceride, VLDL1 -apoB-100 and VLDL1 triglyceride concentrations and PR. Using the same multivariable analysis, apoC-III was significantly associated with plasma triglyceride and VLDL1 - and VLDL2 -apoB-100 and triglyceride concentrations and FCR. In women, plasma apoC-II and apoC-III concentrations are regulated by their respective PR and are significant, independent determinants of the kinetics and plasma concentrations of TRLs. © 2016 Stichting European Society for Clinical Investigation Journal Foundation.

New quality assurance program integrating &apos;&apos;modern radiotherapy&apos;&apos; within the German Hodgkin Study Group

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kriz, J.; Haverkamp, U.; Eich, H.T. [University of Muenster, Department of Radiation Oncology, Muenster (Germany); Baues, C.; Marnitz-Schulze, S. [University of Cologne, Department of Radiation Oncology, Koeln (Germany); Engenhart-Cabillic, R. [University of Marburg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Marburg (Germany); Herfarth, K. [University of Heidelberg, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg (Germany); Lukas, P. [University of Innsbruck, Department of Radiation Oncology, Innsbruck (Austria); Schmidberger, H. [University of Mainz, Department of Radiation Oncology, Mainz (Germany); Fuchs, M.; Engert, A. [University of Cologne, Department of Internal Medicine, Koeln (Germany)

2017-02-15

Field design changed substantially from extended-field RT (EF-RT) to involved-field RT (IF-RT) and now to involved-node RT (IN-RT) and involved-site RT (IS-RT) as well as treatment techniques in radiotherapy (RT) of Hodgkin&apos;s lymphoma (HL). The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the establishment of a quality assurance program (QAP) including modern RT techniques and field designs within the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG). In the era of modern conformal RT, this QAP had to be fundamentally adapted and a new evaluation process has been intensively discussed by the radiotherapeutic expert panel of the GHSG. The expert panel developed guidelines and criteria to analyse &apos;'modern'&apos; field designs and treatment techniques. This work is based on a dataset of 11 patients treated within the sixth study generation (HD16-17). To develop a QAP of &apos;&apos;modern RT&apos;&apos;, the expert panel defined criteria for analysing current RT procedures. The consensus of a modified QAP in ongoing and future trials is presented. With this schedule, the QAP of the GHSG could serve as a model for other study groups. (orig.) [German] Nicht nur die Zielvolumendefinitionen haben sich von der Extended-Field- (EF-RT) ueber die Involved-Field- (IF-RT) bis zur Involved-Node- (IN-RT) und Involved-Site-Radiotherapie (IS-RT) weiterentwickelt. Auch die Radiotherapie(RT)-Techniken in der Behandlung von Patienten mit Hodgkin-Lymphom haben Aenderungen erfahren. Wir moechten aufzeigen, wie die Arbeit des Qualitaetssicherungsprogramms (QAP) innerhalb der Deutschen Hodgkin Studiengruppe (German Hodgkin Study Group [GHSG]) in der Aera der &apos;&apos;modernen RT&apos;&apos; hinsichtlich intensitaetsmodulierter RT (IMRT) und bildgefuehrter RT (IGRT), aber auch hinsichtlich moderner Felddefinitionen wie bei der IN-RT angepasst wurde. In der Aera der &apos;&apos;modernen RT&apos;&apos; wurde das QAP vom radiotherapeutischen Expertenpanel der GHSG im Rahmen einiger

Mencius&apos; Educational Philosophy and Its Contemporary Relevance

Science.gov (United States)

Huang, Chun-chieh

2014-01-01

This article argues that Mencius&apos; education is "holistic education" that aims at igniting the "silent revolution" from within one&apos;s inner mind-heart to be unfolded in society, state, and the world. Mencius&apos; educational philosophy is based on his theory of human nature and his theory of self-cultivation. Mencius…

Perceiving, explaining, and observing climatic changes. An historical case study of the &apos;&apos;year without a summer&apos;&apos; 1816

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bodenmann, Tom; Hirsch Hadorn, Gertrude [ETH Zurich (Switzerland). Inst. for Environmental Decisions; Broennimann, Stefan [Univ. of Bern (Switzerland). Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research and Inst of Geography; Krueger, Tobias [Staatsarchiv Solothurn (Switzerland); Weissert, Helmut [ETH Zurich (Switzerland). Geological Inst.

2011-12-15

The role of the &apos;&apos;year without a summer&apos;&apos; (YWAS) in 1816 in shaping the scientific discourse on climatic changes has been investigated in an interdisciplinary project by studying reactions of different knowledge systems to the YWAS as an initially unexplainable event. The analysis of two Swiss newspapers shows that contemporary science did not play a role in perceiving and dealing with the impacts of the YWAS on the population. Since no climate discipline of its own existed, few contemporary scientist, as we would call those men of science today, were ready to take this situation as an opportunity, reinforcing existing ideas in their domain (e.g. botany, geology, astronomy). Nevertheless, the YWAS did have impacts on science. A &apos;'call'&apos; was issued by the Swiss Natural Sciences Society shortly after the event. The work of one of the respondents became influential for the development of the ice age theory. By revealing a general lack of knowledge on climate, the YWAS might have contributed to the construction of meteorological stations at that time. Some contemporary scientists argued that the cold summer in western Europe was caused by huge masses of ice drifting in the North Atlantic. However, there were no theories that could have linked the exceptionally wet weather in Europe with a volcanic eruption on the other side of the globe. Not before the early 20{sup th} century was the YWAS linked to the Tambora eruption of 1815. After almost two centuries, the YWAS has remained a challenge and source of inspiration. (orig.)

Differential response of the skin in young and old rats to a combination of X-rays and &apos;wet&apos; or &apos;dry&apos; hyperthermia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hamlet, R.; Hopewell, J.W.

1986-11-01

Hind feet of group of female rats aged 7, 14 and 52 weeks were X-irradiated at 20, 25 or 30 Gy. Hyperthermia (42.5/sup 0/C for 1 h) was carried out immediately following irradiation using either &apos;wet&apos; or &apos;dry&apos; heat, by immersion in water or fluorocarbon liquid. Results demonstrated that &apos;wet&apos; heat produced a consistently greater enhancement of the irradiation damage than &apos;dry&apos;. The thermal enhancement ratio for irradiation plus &apos;wet&apos; heat was approximately 1.5 and for irradiation plus &apos;dry&apos; heat 1.17 to 1.39. Immersion of the feet in fluorocarbon liquid at 37/sup 0/C did not significantly modify the irradiation response of the skin. The lower thermal enhancement ratios obtained using immersion in fluorocarbon liquid at 42.5/sup 0/C are close to those obtained in large animal studies and similar to the limited amount of data from clinical studies where microwave or ultrasound heating techniques were used. It has been demonstrated that there are large age-related differences in the response of the rat foot skin to irradiation alone. It has also been shown, using rats of the same age, that the response to irradiation plus hyperthermia was less age dependent.

Study of cis- and trans-uranium elements by paper chromatography and electrophoresis; Contribution a l&apos;etude des elements cis- et trans-uraniens par chromatographie sur papier et electrophorese

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Clanet, F. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, 92 - Fontenay-aux-Roses (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1968-01-01

In this work, the field of application of paper chromatography and electrophoresis in inorganic chemistry has been extended to elements 90 to 96 in hydrochloric and nitric acid solution. Results obtained concern the following points: 1) - Characterization of the valency states of Np and of Pu using coloured reactions on chromatograms and electrophoregrams. The valency IV is characterized by alizarin, arsenazo-I and thorin-I, whilst diphenylcarbazide is used for the hexavalent state. 2) - Paper chromatography: by using as eluent, mixtures of equal parts of aqueous HCl and HNO{sub 3} solutions and of alcohols (methanol, ethanol and n-butanol), the R{sub f} values of elements 90 to 96 have been determined. It has been possible to deduce certain conclusions concerning the complexing of these elements by Cl{sup -} and NO{sub 3}{sup -} ions. 3) - We have developed an electrophoretic technique on cellulose acetate membranes in order to separate the charged species formed by the elements 90 to 96 in HCl and HNO{sub 3} solutions from 1 to 12 M. Mobility curves have been obtained. It appears from our results that the tendency for the elements considered to form anionic complexes follows the order of the ionic potentials when the valency state is four; this order is reversed for the valency three. The ions Cl{sup -} have a smaller tendency to form complexes than the NO{sub 3}{sup -} ions with respect to these elements in their oxidation state III or IV, but the reverse phenomenon is observed for U{sup VI} and Pu{sup VI}. Finally, the complexing of the cations Pu{sup 4+} and PuUO{sub 2}{sup 2+} by NO{sub 3}{sup -} follows the order of the ionic potentials but occurs in the reverse order for Cl{sup -} ions. 4) - Various analytical applications are considered: separation of the various elements from each other and separation of the valency states of Np and of Pu. (author) [French] Dans cette etude, le champ d&apos;application de la chromatographie sur papier et de l&apos

Technology centre &apos;&apos;aspern IQ&apos;&apos;. Office buildings in the plus-energy building as a benchmark for future projects; Technologiezentrum &apos;&apos;aspern IQ&apos;&apos;. Buerohaus im Plus-Energie-Standard als Benchmark fuer kuenftige Projekte

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Achammer, Hannes [ATP Wien (Austria); IWP Liebhartstal II, Wien (Austria); Technologiezentrum aspern IQ, Wien (Austria)

2012-11-01

With 240 hectares per 20,000 residents and working people the future seaside town Aspern is one of the largest urban development projects in Europe and the largest in Vienna (Austria). At the end of August 2012, the component 1 of the technology centre &apos;&apos;aspern IQ&apos;&apos; of the Vienna Business Agency has been completed at the first construction site. This first building construction was designed in the plus-energy standard. As a flagship project it exemplary shall be adapted to the local resource supply, provide the highest possible user experience and meet the requirements of sustainability.

Flux quantization in &apos;autistic&apos; magnets

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Costa de Beauregard, O.; Vigoureux, J.M.

1974-03-15

The Dirac electron theory for the evanescent wave surrounding an infinitely long cylindrical magnet with zero surface polarization and the requirement of the single valuedness of this wave are used to show that the magnetic flux is quantized in units h/2e emu. The same quantization is shown for a general &apos;'autistic'&apos; magnet (i.e. magnet completely trapping its flux), thus establishing complete external equivalence of the &apos;'autistic'&apos; magnet with the &apos;&apos;perfect solenoid&apos;&apos;. An experimental test of the predicted quantization is suggested.

Managing the &apos;gaps&apos; in a regimen of control - operational decision making in nuclear power

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

McDougall, S.J. [Leading Safety Culture Inc., Port Elgin, ON (Canada)

2014-07-01

Nuclear power performance has significantly improved over the last thirty years. This improvement has been based on a philosophy of control. That is, for each issue that must be managed to achieve safe performance, a pre-determined constraint must be established. In addition to the barriers that were designed into the plant, a large range of programs, processes and procedures have been developed to direct the activities of anyone associated with the plant. The premise is that following pre-determined procedures, in a diligent way, will support ongoing plant safety. But what if an issue arises for which there is no procedure? For serious situations, emergency procedures exist to guide operations personnel to place the plant in a safe state. However, the vast majority of issues are much more mundane and form a part of the daily life in the plant. In these cases the nuclear industry has been encouraging the use of an &apos;Operational Decision Making&apos; (ODM) process. This paper will review ODM as practiced within the context of the governing paradigm of control. The paper will show the strengths of the process and areas for development. ODM is an important tool for managers within the complex socio-technical system that is nuclear power today. This paper summarises key points from a research thesis completed by the author to meet the requirements of an MSc program in &apos;Human Factors and System Safety&apos;. (author)

Managing the &apos;gaps&apos; in a regimen of control - operational decision making in nuclear power

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McDougall, S.J.

2014-01-01

Nuclear power performance has significantly improved over the last thirty years. This improvement has been based on a philosophy of control. That is, for each issue that must be managed to achieve safe performance, a pre-determined constraint must be established. In addition to the barriers that were designed into the plant, a large range of programs, processes and procedures have been developed to direct the activities of anyone associated with the plant. The premise is that following pre-determined procedures, in a diligent way, will support ongoing plant safety. But what if an issue arises for which there is no procedure? For serious situations, emergency procedures exist to guide operations personnel to place the plant in a safe state. However, the vast majority of issues are much more mundane and form a part of the daily life in the plant. In these cases the nuclear industry has been encouraging the use of an &apos;Operational Decision Making&apos; (ODM) process. This paper will review ODM as practiced within the context of the governing paradigm of control. The paper will show the strengths of the process and areas for development. ODM is an important tool for managers within the complex socio-technical system that is nuclear power today. This paper summarises key points from a research thesis completed by the author to meet the requirements of an MSc program in &apos;Human Factors and System Safety&apos;. (author)

Regulation imposed to nuclear facility operators for the elaboration of &apos;waste studies&apos; and &apos;waste statuses&apos;; Reglementation imposee aux exploitants d&apos;installations nucleaires pour l&apos;elaboration &apos;&apos;des etudes dechets&apos;&apos; et &apos;&apos;des bilans dechets&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-09-04

This decision from the French authority of nuclear safety (ASN) aims at validating the new versions of the guidebook for the elaboration of &apos;waste studies&apos; for nuclear facilities and of the specifications for the elaboration of &apos;waste statuses&apos; for nuclear facilities. This paper includes two documents. The first one is a guidebook devoted to nuclear facility operators which fixes the rules of production of waste studies according to the articles 20 to 26 of the inter-ministry by-law from December 31, 1999 (waste zoning conditions and ASN&apos;s control modalities). The second document concerns the specifications for the establishment of annual waste statuses according to article 27 of the inter-ministry by-law from December 31, 1999 (rational management of nuclear wastes). (J.S.)

Total energy supply for remote human habitations (Or &apos;Nuclear North of 60&apos;)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Harris, J.

2012-01-01

This presentation will examine the direct application of nuclear energy solutions in the north, and remote areas of Canada. Further it will challenge the existing energy network based on the shipment of fossil fuels to remote areas, and examine the use of small, modular, and/or deployable nuclear plants in these communities. The use of these small reactors and some newly emerging technologies will likely provide a near total energy supply for these communities. In particular low grade heat processes, district heating, the &apos;local&apos; production of motive fuels, and local food production will be examined. Additionally the economic and social impact of moving the value added side of many of these processes to the local communities will also be briefly discussed.

Recovery of hexagonal Si-IV nanowires from extreme GPa pressure

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Smith, Bennett E. [Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 (United States); Zhou, Xuezhe; Roder, Paden B. [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 (United States); Abramson, Evan H. [Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 (United States); Pauzauskie, Peter J., E-mail: peterpz@uw.edu [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 (United States); Fundamental and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352 (United States)

2016-05-14

We use Raman spectroscopy in tandem with transmission electron microscopy and density functional theory simulations to show that extreme (GPa) pressure converts the phase of silicon nanowires from cubic (Si-I) to hexagonal (Si-IV) while preserving the nanowire&apos;s cylindrical morphology. In situ Raman scattering of the longitudinal transverse optical (LTO) mode demonstrates the high-pressure Si-I to Si-II phase transition near 9 GPa. Raman signal of the LTO phonon shows a decrease in intensity in the range of 9–14 GPa. Then, at 17 GPa, it is no longer detectable, indicating a second phase change (Si-II to Si-V) in the 14–17 GPa range. Recovery of exotic phases in individual silicon nanowires from diamond anvil cell experiments reaching 17 GPa is also shown. Raman measurements indicate Si-IV as the dominant phase in pressurized nanowires after decompression. Transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction confirm crystalline Si-IV domains in individual nanowires. Computational electromagnetic simulations suggest that heating from the Raman laser probe is negligible and that near-hydrostatic pressure is the primary driving force for the formation of hexagonal silicon nanowires.

Optimisation of biological reactors using the &apos;biological resonance&apos; phenomenon; Ansatz zur Optimierung biologischer Reinigungsstufen durch das Phaenomen der &apos;&apos;Biologischen Resonanz&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schmid, A.

2003-07-01

The microbial catabolic activity of biological reactors can be increased by up to 75% through external stimulation with intermittent stress loads at intervals of several minutes. Under these process conditions, the &apos;&apos;biological resonance&apos;&apos; phenomenon determines the system and leads to an increased synthesis of enzymes. In addition to computer simulations, experiments with activated sludge were carried out in a 10-litre bioreactor. By modulating the stress intervals, a permanent increase in catabolic activity of about 60% was achieved during these experiments. By relying on the &apos;&apos;biological resonance&apos;&apos; phenomenon, the required reaction volume of biological treatment units can probably be reduced by up to 40%. (orig.)

Students&apos;, Guardians&apos;, and Teachers&apos; Perceptions of Student-Led Conferences

Science.gov (United States)

Orso, Charlotte Lindsey

2013-01-01

The purpose of the study was to examine the ELL and non-ELL students&apos;, guardians&apos;, and the English as a second language (ESL) teachers&apos; perceptions of student-led conferences. Specifically, the study examined if ELL students&apos; and guardians&apos; preferences were similar to non-ELL students&apos; and guardians&apos; preferences…

Human performance in the nuclear industry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koncz, Steven M.

2015-01-01

Management of employees human performance in the Nuclear Industry is endemic to their safety when working. In the United Kingdom it has been a key focus since 2003. Employees were made aware through a detailed program of workshops, of the error prevention methods and how to apply them. The use of effective incident barriers became embedded in the safety culture. The methodology implemented was personal ownership, to enable self assessment of behaviors, attitudes and beliefs. When put in place, there are many specific barriers, which can reduce the chances of an error occurring. They come under the headings of organisational, procedural and physical barriers. All of these were used in some way and continue to be reinforced on a daily basis. Specific barriers are applied in specific situations. However, some general ones are also effective. In common use are the Take 2 or Take 5 Minutes, point of work risk assessments. Applying the human performance barrier Independent Verification (I.V.) would result in &apos;Take 3 and I.V.&apos; This would independently double check the risk assessment. New ways of thinking are required to continuously improve and evolve. Results of the error reduction process included; reduced workload, increased plant reliability, efficiencies and productivity. (author)

7th CNS int&apos;l steam generators to controls conference - a compliment to the remarkable CNS &apos;OM+DM utility engagement initiative&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schneider, W.

2012-01-01

We learned from CANDU Maintenance-Conference of December 2011, that it is our own &apos;ways-of-working&apos; as service-providers for everything from plant-architecture to operational-support, that is holding back &apos;new-build&apos; as well as &apos;re-build&apos;. CMC2011 addressed that by focusing on &apos;Needs-and-Interests of the Operating-Utilities&apos;. SGC 2012 extends that by focusing firstly on &apos;Issue-Identification&apos; to isolate &apos;items-needing-attention&apos;; then on &apos;Issue-Definition&apos; to define the &apos;work&apos; required for &apos;Issue-Resolution&apos;. It also pursues &apos;Task Leadership&apos; as a competence, essential for ... &apos;making things happen&apos;. These events and the CNS &apos;OM+DM [Operations&Maintenance and Design&Materials Divisions] Utility Engagement Initiative&apos; are seen as complimentary initiatives toward such &apos;ways-of-working-improvement&apos; objectives. (author)

European day &apos;&apos;in town, without my car&apos;&apos;; Journee europeen &apos;&apos;en ville, sans ma voiture&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-10-01

70 million inhabitants took part in the day &apos;&apos;In town, without my car&apos;&apos; on 22 September of this year. It is a great success for this European first. The objective of Energie-Cites association being to promote sustainable local energy policies, that is to say policies aimed at improving energy efficiency, increasing the use of renewable energy sources and limiting nuisance and pollution linked to energy consumption, the association is pleased that this event helped focus public attention on transport. It is indeed in this sector that uncontrolled upswings in energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions are the most important. This report presents the evaluation of this European initiative and details the actions in some towns. (A.L.B.)

Report of working committee 4 &apos;&apos;transmission of gases&apos;&apos;; Rapport de la commission 4 &apos;&apos;transport des gaz&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Volskij, E.

2000-07-01

Report of the WOC 4 Transmission contains the results of works carried out during 1998-2000 by the Committee members and the three study groups. The most important is: - review of actual situation and prospects for the gas pipeline transmission system development; - report of SG-4.1 &apos;Pipeline Ageing and Rehabilitation&apos;, including analysis of pipeline steels, welding and insulation, methods of rehabilitation, the program of pipeline reconstruction; - report of SG-4.2 &apos;Emission monitoring&apos; including appraisal of gas losses and methods of lowering of methane and other emissions of the gas units in different countries; - report of SG-4.3 &apos;Pipelines Integrity Management and Safety&apos; including basic information on gas pipeline failure intensity, key elements of the Integrity Management System of the gas transmission, methods of risk evaluation and the effectiveness of the approach. (authors)

Natural uranium toxicology - evaluation of internal contamination in man; Toxicologie de l&apos;uranium naturel - essai d&apos;evaluation de la contamination interne chez l&apos;homme

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chalabreysse, J. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Pierrelatte (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1968-07-01

After reminding the physical and chemical properties of natural uranium which might affect its toxicology, a comprehensive investigation upon natural uranium metabolism and toxicity and after applying occupational exposure standards to this particular poison, it has been determined, from accident reports and human experience reported in the related literature, a series of formulae obtained by theoretical mathematical development giving principles for internal contamination monitoring and disclosure by determining uranium in the urine of occupationally exposed individuals. An assay is performed to determine individual internal contamination according to the various contamination cases. The outlined purposes, mainly practical, required some options and extrapolations. The proposed formula allows a preliminary approach and also to determine shortly a contamination extent or to discuss the systematical urinalysis results as compared with individual radio-toxicology monitoring professional standards. (author) [French] Apres le rappel des caracteristiques physiques et des proprietes chimiques de l&apos;uranium naturel pouvant avoir une influence sur sa toxicologie, l&apos;etude detaillee de son metabolisme et de sa toxicite, puis l&apos;application des normes professionnelles d&apos;exposition au cas particulier de ce toxique, il est etabli, a partir des comptes rendus d&apos;accidents et de l&apos;experimentation humaine rapportes dans la litterature, une serie de formules obtenues par developpement mathematique theorique qui posent les principes de la surveillance et de la mise en evidence de la contamination interne par la recherche et le dosage de l&apos;uranium dans les urines d&apos;individus professionnellement exposes. Un essai d&apos;evaluation de la contamination interne individuelle suivant les differents cas de contamination est effectue. Le formulaire propose permet de faire une premiere approximation et d&apos;apprecier rapidement l&apos;importance d&apos

Recognizing IT risks - acting with foresight or: &apos;&apos;practical reasons for comprehensive IT security&apos;&apos;; IT-Risiken erkennen, vorausschauend handeln oder: &apos;&apos;Praktische Gruende fuer umfassende IT-Security&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schaeffer, P.A.R. [TUeV Rheinland Secure iT GmbH, Koeln (Germany)

2006-07-01

Comprehensive IT security expects all threats and every possible consequence to be identified in order to deduce and develop appropriate counter measures. This article describes two exemplary threats to an IT infrastructure: &apos;Hacking Internal Networks&apos; and &apos;A High Promising Target: Web Applications&apos;. (orig.)

Continuing to Build a Community Consensus on the Future of Human Space Flight: Report of the Fourth Community Workshop on Achievability and Sustainability of Human Exploration of Mars (AM IV)

Science.gov (United States)

Thronson, Harley A.; Baker, John; Beaty, David; Carberry, Chris; Craig, Mark; Davis, Richard M.; Drake, Bret G.; Cassady, Joseph; Hays, Lindsay; Hoffman, Stephen J.;

Proceedings of the Topical Session of the 9. Meeting of the WPDD on &apos;Human and Organisational Factors in Decommissioning&apos; Held at Harwell, United Kingdom on 7-8 November 2007

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

NOYNAERT, Luc; O'SULLIVAN, Patrick

2008-01-01

At its eight meeting, the WPDD held a topical session on &apos;Human and Organisational Factors in Decommissioning&apos;. This report documents the topical session. The main text summarises the main points from the presentations and discussions and includes the Rapporteur&apos;s report. Appendix 1 and 2 provide the agenda of the topical session and the list of attendees respectively. The topical session facilitated an exchange of information and experience on the following issues in particular: - Project management and contracting schemes being used for decommissioning projects and the benefits which may be gained from including former operational staff in decommissioning teams; - Planning and record keeping, including the extent to which inadequate historical records need be reconstructed; and - Approaches to workforce management, particularly in regard to safety. At the end of each session time was allotted for a plenary discussion. The Rapporteur reviewed the main points and the lessons learnt at the end of the Topical Session

2001-2003 &apos;&apos;public utility&apos;&apos; contract between the French government and Gaz de France; Contrat de &apos;&apos;service public&apos;&apos; 2001-2003 entre l&apos;etat et Gaz de France

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2002-07-01

The &apos;&apos;public utility&apos;&apos; contract aims at specifying the actions of Gaz de France (GdF), the French gas utility, in terms of national development and public utility presence at the local scale. It extends and completes the &apos;contract of group&apos; established between the government and GdF in the domain of quality of the services offered to clients, development of gas infrastructures and extension of gas supplies, and sustainable development. (J.S.)

Pulmonary perfusion &apos;&apos;without ventilation&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chapman, C.N.; Sziklas, J.J.; Spencer, R.P.; Rosenberg, R.J.

1983-12-01

An 88-yr-old man, with prior left upper lobectomy and phrenic nerve injury, had a ventilation/perfusion lung image. Both wash-in and equilibrium ventilation images showed no radioactive gas in the left lung. Nevertheless, the left lung was perfused. A similar result was obtained on a repeat study 8 days later. Delayed images, during washout, showed some radioactive gas in the left lung. Nearly absent ventilation (but continued perfusion) of that lung might have been related to altered gas dynamics brought about by the prior lobectomy, a submucosal bronchial lesion, phrenic nerve damage, and limited motion of the left part of the diaphragm. This case raises the issue of the degree of ventilation (and the phase relationship between the lungs) required for the entry of radioactive gas into a diseased lung, and the production of a &apos;&apos;reversed ventilation/perfusion mismatch.&apos;&apos;

Development of an object oriented lattice QCD code &apos;'Bridge++'&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ueda, S; Aoki, S; Aoyama, T; Kanaya, K; Taniguchi, Y; Matsufuru, H; Motoki, S; Namekawa, Y; Nemura, H; Ukita, N

2014-01-01

We are developing a new lattice QCD code set &apos;'Bridge++'&apos; aiming at extensible, readable, and portable workbench for QCD simulations, while keeping a high performance at the same time. Bridge++ covers conventional lattice actions and numerical algorithms. The code set is constructed in C++ with an object oriented programming. In this paper we describe fundamental ingredients of the code and the current status of development

&apos;Mote&apos; networks; A nano SWAT team for the oilpatch

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ross, E.

2004-05-01

&apos;Motes&apos; are tiny sensor modules which make up wireless sensor networks for monitoring parameters such as energy use or temperature. Motes have the capacity for self-configuring a network, self-correct without downtime if there is an interruption in the connection, and for transferring information using the fastest and most reliable path in sending data to the control system via a gateway. Dust Incorporated, a technology company based in Berkeley, California, employs motes to communicate with each other in a self-healing, self-organizing way, and to do so at the lowest possible cost. At present, motes are used mainly in defence and industrial monitoring applications, however the company is exploring potential applications in the oilpatch in facilities that include pumping stations, pipelines, or remote areas, unattended for long periods of time. Application in perimeter security systems is also being explored. Key to the technology is the concept of mesh networks: i.e. instead of each mote having a single channel back to a backbone, the system has multiple paths, able to find another path if one route fails. In the oil and gas industry one of the most promising applications so far has been use as a &apos;rapid profiling kit&apos; in which the network could be used to augment rough measurements with measurements of a higher resolution. Another application contemplated is use of mote networks in monitoring the health of machines by &apos;listening for crunching or knocking&apos;. Low power requirement is the key to success in wireless systems; accordingly, Dust Corporation&apos;s objective is to perfect the timing and radio transmission rates to the point where the modules can operate for five to ten years on two &apos;AA&apos; batteries.

Spherically symmetric conformal gravity and &apos;&apos;gravitational bubbles&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Berezin, V.A.; Dokuchaev, V.I.; Eroshenko, Yu.N., E-mail: berezin@inr.ac.ru, E-mail: dokuchaev@inr.ac.ru, E-mail: eroshenko@inr.ac.ru [Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 60th October Anniversary Prospect 7a, Moscow, 117312 (Russian Federation)

2016-01-01

The general structure of the spherically symmetric solutions in the Weyl conformal gravity is described. The corresponding Bach equations are derived for the special type of metrics, which can be considered as the representative of the general class. The complete set of the pure vacuum solutions is found. It consists of two classes. The first one contains the solutions with constant two-dimensional curvature scalar of our specific metrics, and the representatives are the famous Robertson-Walker metrics. One of them we called the &apos;&apos;gravitational bubbles&apos;&apos;, which is compact and with zero Weyl tensor. Thus, we obtained the pure vacuum curved space-times (without any material sources, including the cosmological constant) what is absolutely impossible in General Relativity. Such a phenomenon makes it easier to create the universe from &apos;'nothing'&apos;. The second class consists of the solutions with varying curvature scalar. We found its representative as the one-parameter family. It appears that it can be conformally covered by the thee-parameter Mannheim-Kazanas solution. We also investigated the general structure of the energy-momentum tensor in the spherical conformal gravity and constructed the vectorial equation that reveals clearly some features of non-vacuum solutions. Two of them are explicitly written, namely, the metrics à la Vaidya, and the electrovacuum space-time metrics.

Hepatic imaging in stage IV-S neuroblastoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Franken, E.A. Jr.; Smith, W.L.; Iowa Univ., Iowa City; Cohen, M.D.; Kisker, C.T.; Platz, C.E.

1986-01-01

Stage IV-S neuroblastoma describes a group of infants with tumor spread limited to liver, skin, or bone marrow. Such patients, who constitute about 25% of affected infants with neuroblastoma, may expect spontaneous tumor remission. We report 18 infants with Stage IV-S neuroblastoma, 83% of whom had liver involvement. Imaging investigations included Technetium 99m sulfur colloid scan, ultrasound, and CT. Two patterns of liver metastasis were noted: ill-defined nodules or diffuse tumor throughout the liver. Distinction of normal and abnormal liver with diffuse type metastasis could be quite difficult, particularly with liver scans. We conclude that patients with Stage IV-S neuroblastoma have ultrasound or CT examination as an initial workup, with nuclear medicine scans reserved for followup studies. (orig.)

Deep-sea drilling. Practical aspects of 4D seismic: what an engineer needs to know. Developments in Iran: &apos;SIRRI&apos; of the Total company and &apos;DOROOD&apos; of the Elf company. The &apos;DOROOD&apos; operating plan. The &apos;SIRRI&apos; operating plan; Le forage en eau profonde. Aspects pratiques de la sismique 4D: ce qu&apos;un ingenieur doit savoir. Developpements en Iran: &apos;SIRRI&apos; de Total et &apos;DOROOD&apos; d&apos;Elf. Le projet &apos;DOROOD&apos;. Le projet &apos;SIRRI&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Claverie, P. [Schlumberger Sedco Forex, 92 - Montrouge (France); Bauquis, P.R. [Association Francaise des Techniciens et Professionnels du Petrole, AFTP, 92 - Paris-la-Defense (France); Seiller, B.; Geronimi, X. [Elf France, (France); Barthe, D. [Total Fina, 92 - La Defense (France)

1999-08-01

In this &apos;Drilling-Production&apos; section, in which 7 papers are gathered, 3 main topics are developed: (1)the deep-sea drilling (2)the practical aspects of 4D seismic (3)the &apos;SIRRI&apos; and &apos;DOROOD&apos; operating plans in Iran. Concerning the first point, it can be noticed that nowadays, mobile platforms are located in great offshore where water depths are of about 2400 m. In the second point is particularly detailed what 4D is, what it can do, what the primary conditions for it works are and how it costs. The third point is the more particularly detailed in this section (15 pages). At first an introduction indicates why Iran has to call to international petroleum investors, what the current problems of Iran are, what Iran has to do to attract foreign investment and technology and what the challenges to foreign companies are. Then the two operating plans: &apos;SIRRI&apos; and &apos;DOROOD&apos; are exposed into details. A synthesis of these plans, called of &apos;Buy Back&apos;, (production, investment, refund) is given as well as their advantages and disadvantages. (O.M.)

Internet of &apos;'printed'&apos; Things: low-cost fabrication of autonomous sensing nodes by inkjet printing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kawahara, Yoshihiro

2014-01-01

&apos;&apos;What if electronics devices are printed using an inkjet printer even at home?&apos;&apos; &apos;&apos;What if those devices no longer need a battery?&apos;&apos; I will introduce two enabling technologies for the Internet of Things concept. 1. Instant Inkjet Circuits: A low cost, fast and accessible technology to support the rapid prototyping of electronic devices. We demonstrated that &apos;'sintering-free'&apos; silver nano particle ink with a commodity inkjet printer can be used to fabricate printed circuit board and high-frequency applications such as antennas and sensors. The technology is now commercialized by AgIC, Inc. 2. Wireless Power: Although large amounts of data can be exchanged over a wireless communication link, mobile devices are still tethered by power cables. We are trying to solve this problem by two different approaches: energy harvesting. A simple circuitry comprised of diodes and capacitor can convert ambient radio signals into DC current. Our research revealed the signals from TV tower located 6.5km apart could be used to feed 100 microwatts to power microcontrollers

Studies on the Interaction of a Novel 6,6&apos;&apos;-bis(1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)- 2,2&apos;:6&apos;,2&apos;&apos;-terpyridine Ligand with Lanthanide(III) Ions and Americium(III)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lewis, Frank W.; Harwood, Laurence M.; Hudson, Michael J.; Drew, Michael G.B.; Modolo, Giuseppe; Sypula, Michal; Desreux, Jean F.; Bouslimani, Nouri; Vidick, Geoffrey

2010-01-01

The new solvent extraction reagent 6,6&apos;&apos;-bis(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl- 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,2,4-benzo-triazin-3-yl)-2,2&apos;:6&apos;,2&apos;&apos;-terpyridine (CyMe 4 -BTTP) has been synthesized in 4 steps from 2,2&apos;:6&apos;,2&apos;&apos;-terpyridine. Detailed NMR and mass spectrometry studies indicate that the ligand forms 1:2 complexes with lanthanide(III) perchlorates where the aliphatic rings are conformationally constrained whereas 1:1 complexes are formed with lanthanide(III) nitrates where the aliphatic rings are conformationally mobile. An optimized structure of the 1:2 solution complex with Yb(III) was obtained from the relative magnitude of the induced paramagnetic shifts. X-ray crystallographic structures of the ligand and of its 1:1 complex with Y(III) were also obtained. In the absence of a phase-modifier, CyMe 4 -BTTP in 1-octanol showed a maximum distribution coefficient of Am(III) of 0.039 (±20%) and a maximum separation factor of Am(III) over Eu(III) of 12.0 from nitric acid solution. The metal(III) cations are extracted as the 1:1 complex from nitric acid solutions. The generally low distribution coefficients observed compared with the BTBPs arise because the 1:1 complex of CyMe 4 -BTTP is considerably less hydrophobic than the 1:2 complexes formed by the BTBPs. In M(BTTP) 3+ complexes, there is a competition between the nitrate ions and the ligand for the complexation of the metal. (authors)

Scenarios for an integrated sustainability policy - using the example of the &apos;&apos;Sustainable City 2030&apos;&apos;. Vol. 2; Szenarien fuer eine integrierte Nachhaltigkeitspolitik - am Beispiel: Die nachhaltige Stadt 2030. Bd. 2. Teilbericht &apos;&apos;Kreislaufstadt 2030&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Verbuecheln, Maic; Grabow, Busso; Uttke, Angela; Schwausch, Mandy [Deutsches Inst. fuer Urbanistik (DiFu), Berlin (Germany); Gassner, Robert [Institut fuer Zukunftsstudien und Technologiebewertung gGmbH (IZT), Berlin (Germany)

2013-04-15

The partial report &apos;&apos;Recycling City 2030&apos;&apos; was prepared for the Federal Environment Agency (Dessau, Federal Republic of Germany) as a part of the project &apos;&apos;Scenarios for an integrated sustainability policy - the example of &apos;The Sustainable City 2030 &apos;'&apos;. This partial report is based on research activities of the German Institute of Urban Affairs (Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany) and Institute for Futures Studies and Technology Assessment (Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany). The objectives of this partial report are: (1) Description of the challenges and trends in urban regions; (2) Recycling city and its importance in the current debate on sustainability; (3) Identification and optimization of existing cycle approaches in urban habitats; (4) Analysis of the actual state as well as designation of developments and constraints; (5) Discussion on the interface between the sectors; (6) Options for action for the interaction between the actors in interdisciplinary topics; (7) Outline of ways and perspectives of the implementation of the &apos;&apos;Recycling City 2030&apos;&apos;.

The insecticide lindane. Identification of possible risks for human reproduction; L&apos;insetticida lindano. Identificazione dei rischi possibili per la riproduzione umana

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Traina, M.E.; Urbani, E. [Istituto Superiore di Sanita' , Lab. di Igiene Ambientale, Rome (Italy); Rescia, M.; Mantovani, A. [Istituto Superiore di Sanita' , Lab. di Tossicologia Comparata e Ecotossicologia, Rome (Italy)

2001-07-01

A growing international concern exists about the potential harm to human reproduction caused by pollutants able to interfere with the endocrine system. Particular interest is addressed to organochlorine pesticides persisting in the environment and organisms; such compounds are extensively studied for their adverse effects on reproductive functions and development of laboratory animals. The insecticide lindane (the {gamma}-isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane), widely used before the 80s, has yet to be adequately evaluated as regards the possible reproductive risk. The present report contains a critical revision of the available scientific literature about lindane effects on the male and female reproductive system, pregnancy and development. Besides, the possible higher exposure periods to this pesticide (years 60s-70s) have been determined through the analysis of the lindane products consumed and the evaluation of the active ingredient levels in the environment and in the tissues and biological fluids, with particular regard to Italy. The present review aims at supporting further toxicological and epidemiological studies to assess the possible reproductive risk posed by environmental and professional exposure to chlorinated insecticides. [Italian] L&apos;ipotesi che l&apos;esposizione a sostanze inquinanti in grado di alterare l&apos;equilibrio del sistema endocrino possa avere effetti sulla riproduzione umana e sullo sviluppo e&apos; attualmente oggetto d&apos;interesse nella comunita&apos; scientifica. Particoalre attenzione e&apos; stata indirizzata ai pesticidi organoclorurati a lunga persistenza nell&apos;ambiente e negli organismi, per i quali esistono numerose evidenze di effetti nocivi per la riproduzione, negli studi di tossicologia sperimentale. L&apos;insetticida lindano (l&apos;isomero-{gamma} dell&apos;esaclorocicloesano), largamente utilizzato prima degli anni &apos;80, non e&apos; stato fino ad oggi adeguatamente valutato per un possibile rischio

A New Rose of Sharon Cultivar, &apos;Seonnyo&apos; Developed by Mutation Breeding

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Song, H.S.; Lim, Y.T.; Kim, J.K.; Park, I.S.; Kang, S.Y.; Kim, D.S.; Lee, S.J.

2005-01-01

&apos;Seonnyo&apos; is a new Hibiscus variety developed by mutation breeding using gamma ray irradiation at Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI). One hundred seeds of original variety, &apos;Gyewolhyang&apos;, collected in Namyangju of Gyeonggi Province were irradiated 10 Krad a-ray from a ∨60Co source at KAERI in 1993 (Fig. 1). The original variety, &apos;Gyewolhyang&apos; showed the I-c that means single and bell-shaped flower type, and light purple with small red eye in its flower color. The irradiated seeds were sown in a field of the Atomic Experiment Farm in Namyangju, in April 1994. Forty-four out of one hundred seeds survived

OVERVIEW OF THE SDSS-IV MaNGA SURVEY: MAPPING NEARBY GALAXIES AT APACHE POINT OBSERVATORY

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bundy, Kevin [Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, the University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8583 (Japan); Bershady, Matthew A.; Wake, David A.; Tremonti, Christy; Diamond-Stanic, Aleksandar M. [Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 475 North Charter Street, Madison, WI 53706 (United States); Law, David R.; Cherinka, Brian [Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H4 (Canada); Yan, Renbin; Sánchez-Gallego, José R. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40506-0055 (United States); Drory, Niv [McDonald Observatory, Department of Astronomy, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, Austin, TX 78712-0259 (United States); MacDonald, Nicholas [Department of Astronomy, Box 351580, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 (United States); Weijmans, Anne-Marie [School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9SS (United Kingdom); Thomas, Daniel; Masters, Karen; Coccato, Lodovico [Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth (United Kingdom); Aragón-Salamanca, Alfonso [School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD (United Kingdom); Avila-Reese, Vladimir [Instituto de Astronomia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, A.P. 70-264, 04510 Mexico D.F. (Mexico); Badenes, Carles [Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology Center (PITT PACC), University of Pittsburgh, 3941 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 (United States); Falcón-Barroso, Jésus [Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife (Spain); Belfiore, Francesco [Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE (United Kingdom); and others

2015-01-01

We present an overview of a new integral field spectroscopic survey called MaNGA (Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory), one of three core programs in the fourth-generation Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) that began on 2014 July 1. MaNGA will investigate the internal kinematic structure and composition of gas and stars in an unprecedented sample of 10,000 nearby galaxies. We summarize essential characteristics of the instrument and survey design in the context of MaNGA&apos;s key science goals and present prototype observations to demonstrate MaNGA&apos;s scientific potential. MaNGA employs dithered observations with 17 fiber-bundle integral field units that vary in diameter from 12&apos;&apos; (19 fibers) to 32&apos;&apos; (127 fibers). Two dual-channel spectrographs provide simultaneous wavelength coverage over 3600-10300 Å at R ∼ 2000. With a typical integration time of 3 hr, MaNGA reaches a target r-band signal-to-noise ratio of 4-8 (Å{sup –1} per 2&apos;&apos; fiber) at 23 AB mag arcsec{sup –2}, which is typical for the outskirts of MaNGA galaxies. Targets are selected with M {sub *} ≳ 10{sup 9} M {sub ☉} using SDSS-I redshifts and i-band luminosity to achieve uniform radial coverage in terms of the effective radius, an approximately flat distribution in stellar mass, and a sample spanning a wide range of environments. Analysis of our prototype observations demonstrates MaNGA&apos;s ability to probe gas ionization, shed light on recent star formation and quenching, enable dynamical modeling, decompose constituent components, and map the composition of stellar populations. MaNGA&apos;s spatially resolved spectra will enable an unprecedented study of the astrophysics of nearby galaxies in the coming 6 yr.

OVERVIEW OF THE SDSS-IV MaNGA SURVEY: MAPPING NEARBY GALAXIES AT APACHE POINT OBSERVATORY

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bundy, Kevin; Bershady, Matthew A.; Wake, David A.; Tremonti, Christy; Diamond-Stanic, Aleksandar M.; Law, David R.; Cherinka, Brian; Yan, Renbin; Sánchez-Gallego, José R.; Drory, Niv; MacDonald, Nicholas; Weijmans, Anne-Marie; Thomas, Daniel; Masters, Karen; Coccato, Lodovico; Aragón-Salamanca, Alfonso; Avila-Reese, Vladimir; Badenes, Carles; Falcón-Barroso, Jésus; Belfiore, Francesco

2015-01-01

We present an overview of a new integral field spectroscopic survey called MaNGA (Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory), one of three core programs in the fourth-generation Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) that began on 2014 July 1. MaNGA will investigate the internal kinematic structure and composition of gas and stars in an unprecedented sample of 10,000 nearby galaxies. We summarize essential characteristics of the instrument and survey design in the context of MaNGA&apos;s key science goals and present prototype observations to demonstrate MaNGA&apos;s scientific potential. MaNGA employs dithered observations with 17 fiber-bundle integral field units that vary in diameter from 12&apos;&apos; (19 fibers) to 32&apos;&apos; (127 fibers). Two dual-channel spectrographs provide simultaneous wavelength coverage over 3600-10300 Å at R ∼ 2000. With a typical integration time of 3 hr, MaNGA reaches a target r-band signal-to-noise ratio of 4-8 (Å –1 per 2&apos;&apos; fiber) at 23 AB mag arcsec –2 , which is typical for the outskirts of MaNGA galaxies. Targets are selected with M * ≳ 10 9 M ☉ using SDSS-I redshifts and i-band luminosity to achieve uniform radial coverage in terms of the effective radius, an approximately flat distribution in stellar mass, and a sample spanning a wide range of environments. Analysis of our prototype observations demonstrates MaNGA&apos;s ability to probe gas ionization, shed light on recent star formation and quenching, enable dynamical modeling, decompose constituent components, and map the composition of stellar populations. MaNGA&apos;s spatially resolved spectra will enable an unprecedented study of the astrophysics of nearby galaxies in the coming 6 yr

The &apos;practical elimination&apos; approach of accident situations for water-cooled nuclear power reactors 2017

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2017-01-01

The implementation of the defence in depth principle and current regulations have lead applicants to define provisions to prevent accidents, including severe accidents, and to limit their consequences should they occur. However, while defining the design orientations for a new water-cooled power reactor, applicants shall use the &apos;practical elimination&apos; approach for severe accident situations (in the reactor core or the spent fuel pool) potentially leading to large early radiological releases, where it appears impossible to define realistic and demonstrable provisions to limit their consequences according to current knowledge and the techniques available at the time. The use of this approach should be discussed between the applicant and the safety authority at the design orientations stage; the authority will specify on a case-by-case basis the conditions for its approval. In order to &apos;practically eliminate&apos; a situation, the designer shall first examine the possibility for making it physically impossible. Where physical impossibility cannot be achieved, provisions shall be implemented to justify with a high degree of confidence that the situation is extremely unlikely. Situations likely to be &apos;practically eliminated&apos; are diverse (massive and rapid reactivity insertion accidents, explosions, containment bypasses, etc.); the justification of &apos;practical elimination&apos; can only be assessed on a case-by-case basis, using deterministic considerations complemented by a probabilistic analysis. The assessment relies on the reactor physical characteristics as well as on the robustness and reliability of the lines of defence implemented to prevent the situation to be &apos;practically eliminated&apos;. The implemented provisions shall be subject to strong design, manufacturing and operation requirements; considerations related to human factors and hazards shall also be taken into account. This document is an orientation text which defines

Kinetic study of group IV nanoparticles ion beam synthesized in SiO{sub 2}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bonafos, C. E-mail: bonafos@cemes.fr; Colombeau, B.; Altibelli, A.; Carrada, M.; Ben Assayag, G.; Garrido, B.; Lopez, M.; Perez-Rodriguez, A.; Morante, J.R.; Claverie, A

2001-05-01

Most studies concerning group IV (Si, Ge) ion beam synthesized nanocrystals in SiO{sub 2} have shown that a link exists between the observed physical properties and the characteristics of the &apos;populations&apos; of nanoparticles (size-distribution, density, volume fraction). The aim of this paper is to study the influence of the initial supersaturation and annealing conditions on these characteristics. For this, experimental methods have been developed, that allow accurate statistical studies. Different transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging conditions have been tested and the most adequate ones have been identified for each system. An original method for the measurement of the density of precipitates embedded in an amorphous matrix has been developed and tested for Ge precipitates in SiO{sub 2} and has permitted to evidence a conservative Ostwald ripening during annealing. The kinetic behavior of Si nanoparticles has also been studied by coupling TEM measurements and &apos;atomistic&apos; simulations. During annealing, the growth of these nanoparticles is very slow but their size significantly increases when increasing the initial Si excess. Simulations are in perfect agreement with experiment when taking into account interaction effects between particles.

Trends in Energy. &apos;The consumer decides&apos;; Trends in Energy. &apos;De consument bepaalt&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brzezowsky-Ruys, Y.; Van der Zalm, M.; Van Zutphen, M. (eds.)

2012-03-15

A report is given of the Capgemini organised congress &apos;Trends in Energy 2011&apos; which has the Dutch subtitle &apos;De consument bepaalt&apos; (The consumer decides&apos;. The focus of the articles, interviews, debates and presentations is on the role of the consumer in the supply of and demand for energy. Parts of the report are in Dutch and English [Dutch] Dit rapport bestaat uit een verslag van het congres &apos;Trends in Energy 2011. De consument bepaalt&apos; en een aantal artikelen met achtergrondinformatie over onder meer de rol van de consument in vraag en aanbod van energie.

Overburden characterization and post-burn study of the Hanna IV, underground coal gasification site, Wyoming, and comparison to other Wyoming UCG sites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Marcouiller, B.A.; Burns, L.K.; Ethridge, F.G.

1984-11-01

Analysis of 21 post-burn cores taken from the Hanna IV UCG site allows 96 m (315 ft) of overburden to be subdivided into four local stratigraphic units. The 7.6 m (25 ft) thick Hanna No. 1 coal seam is overlain by a laterally discontinuous, 3.3 m (11 ft) thick shaley mudstone (Unit A&apos;) in part of the Hanna IV site. A more widespread, 30 m (90 ft) thick well-indurated sandstone (Unit A) overlies the A&apos; unit. Unit A is the roof rock for both of the Hanna IV cavities. Overlying Unit A is a 33 m (108 ft) thick sequence of mudstone and claystone (Unit B), and the uppermost unit at the Hanna IV site (Unit C) is a coarse-grained sandstone that ranges in thickness from 40 to 67 m (131 to 220 ft). Two elliptical cavities were formed during the two phases of the Hanna IV experiment. The larger cavity, Hanna IVa, is 45 x 15 m in plan and has a maximum height of 18 m (59 ft) from the base of the coal seam to the top of the cavity; the Hanna IVb cavity is 40 x 15 m in plan and has a maximum height of 11 m (36 ft) from the base of the coal seam to the top of the cavity. Geotechnical tests indicated that the Hanna IV overburden rocks were moderately strong to strong, based on the empirical classification of Broch and Franklin (1972), and a positive, linear correlation exists between rock strength and volume percent calcite cement. There is an inverse linear correlation between rock strength and porosity for the Hanna IV overburden rocks. 28 refs., 34 figs., 13 tabs..

Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of a novel &apos;&apos;3+1&apos;&apos; mixed ligand {sup 99m}Tc complex having an aliphatic thiol as coligand

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rey, A. E-mail: arey@bilbo.edu.uy; Papadopoulos, M.; Leon, E.; Mallo, L.; Pirmettis, Y.; Manta, E.; Raptopoulou, C.; Chiotellis, E.; Leon, A

2001-03-01

A novel &apos;&apos;3+1&apos;&apos; mixed ligand {sup 99m}Tc complex with N,N-bis(2-mercaptoethyl)-N&apos;N&apos;-diethyl-ethilenediamine as ligand and 1-octanethiol as coligand was prepared and evaluated as potential brain radiopharmaceutical. Preparation at tracer level was accomplished by substitution, using {sup 99m}Tc-glucoheptonate as precursor and a coligand/ligand ratio of 5. Under these conditions the labeling yield was over 80% and a major product with radiochemical purity >80% was isolated by HPLC methods and used for biological evaluation. Chemical characterization at carrier level was developed using the corresponding rhenium and {sup 99g}Tc complexes. Results were consistent with the expected &apos;&apos;3+1&apos;&apos; structure and X-ray diffraction study demonstrated that the complex adopted a distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry. All sulphur atoms underwent ionization leading to the formation of a neutral compound. Biodistribution in mice demonstrated early brain uptake, fast blood clearance and excretion through hepatobiliary system. Although brain/blood ratio increased significantly with time, this novel {sup 99m}Tc complex did not exhibit ideal properties as brain perfusion radiopharmaceutical since brain uptake was too low.

The &apos;electric power&apos; experience: Between nostalgia and the future. Erlebnis &apos;Strom&apos; zwischen Nostalgie und Zukunft

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moergeli, H.P. (Moergeli und Partner, Muri bei Bern (Switzerland))

1994-03-04

The &apos;'Muehleberg'&apos; is a concept which is mostly used in connection with the nuclear power station. But there is more to the &apos;'Muehleberg'&apos; than at first sight. A hydroelectric station, a waste dump gas plant and the brandnew works management centre of the Bernische Kraftwerke AG (BKW) constitute the framework for a host of other attractions in the field of electric power; among others, examples of technological culture in the BKW museum, which are worth seeing. (orig.)

The First Synthesis and Anti-retroviral Activity of 5&apos;,5&apos;-Difluoro-3&apos;-Hydroxy-Apiosyl Nucleoside Cyclomonophosphonic Acid Analogs

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Seyeon; Hong, Joon Hee [Chosun University, Gwangju (Korea, Republic of)

2016-04-15

The first synthesis of novel 5&apos;,5&apos;-difluoro-30-hydroxy apiose nucleoside cyclomonophosphonic acid analogs was performed as potent anti-retroviral agents. Phosphonation was performed by direct displacement of a triflate intermediate with diethyl(lithiodifluoromethyl) phosphonate to give the corresponding(α, α-difluoroalkyl) phosphonate. Condensation successfully proceeded from a glycosyl donor with persilylated bases to yield the nucleoside phosphonate analogs. Deprotection of diethyl phosphonates provided the target nucleoside cyclomonophosphonic acid analogs. The synthesized nucleoside analogs were subjected to anti-viral screening against the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1). Cytosine analogs show significant anti-HIV activity.

The role of &apos;&apos;momentum removal&apos;&apos; in divertor detachment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kukushkin, A.S. [Kurchatov Institute, Moscow (Russian Federation); NRNU MEPhI, Moscow (Russian Federation); Pacher, H.D. [INRS-EMT, Varennes, Quebec (Canada)

2016-08-15

The role of &apos;&apos;momentum removal&apos;&apos; (the drag force on the plasma ion flow) in divertor detachment is considered and analysed in detail. This analysis of the 2D modelling results shows that the drag force cannot reduce the power and particle flux to the target directly. However, it is essential for creating the conditions for efficient radiation and volumetric plasma recombination, which in turn do the job. (copyright 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Agreement &apos;&apos;power networks and environment&apos;&apos; 2001-2003; Accord &apos;&apos;reseaux electriques et environnement&apos;&apos; 2001-2003

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2002-01-01

This agreement, discussed between the French government and Electricite de France (EdF) group, proposes some engagements for the 2001-2003 era for a better environmental integration of power transmission and distribution networks. The agreement is made of two parts: 1 - public distribution networks: realization of new workmanship (medium and low voltage power lines, new lines in dense urban areas), actions on existing workmanship (consequences of December 1999 storms, aesthetical aspects, burial of the main overhead lines in wooded areas, reinforcement of EdF&apos;s environmental commitment, remedial actions for environmental &apos;black points&apos;), general measures of implementation (increasing network safety, protection of birds fauna, coordination of works); 2 - public transportation network (RTE): development and safety improvement of the public transportation network (reinforced arrangement for the establishment of regional development schemes, development of international interconnections, safety improvement of the public transportation network, RTE&apos;s environmental plan); line projects (arrangements during projects elaboration, accompanying program); long lived RTE&apos;s commitment (environmental management and ISO-14001 certification, vigilance with respect to electromagnetic fields, R and D). (J.S.)

Iran&apos;s &apos;Risk-Taking&apos; in Perspective

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shahram, Chubin

2008-07-01

Assessing any state&apos;s intentions is a difficult undertaking - especially at a specific moment in time. When a state is considered hostile, its behaviour erratic, and its system opaque, what is difficult under normal circumstances becomes nearly impossible. It may thus often seem prudent to attribute the worst of intentions to such states, but this can create a self-fulfilling prophecy. Iran with its revolutionary pretensions, fiery rhetoric and nuclear ambitions, is a case in point, since it is particularly difficult to &apos;read&apos;. Located in the centre of a geo-politically sensitive and conflict-driven area, Iran is in a position to influence - positively or otherwise - the Persian Gulf, the Caucasus, the Middle East and South Asia. This influence may furthermore be expanding as a result of the weakening of Iraq and Lebanon, divisions among the Palestinians, and the more general rise of the Shi&apos;i across the broader region. Add to this the ambiguous aims of Iran&apos;s nuclear programme and the shadow this has already thrown across the region, and the need to assess Iran&apos;s intentions accurately appears crucial. Here, Iran&apos;s past behavior may provide some help, especially when it comes to Iran&apos;s proclivity for risk taking - provided the acquisition of a nuclear capability does not alter Iran&apos;s intentions or behavior so as to make the past irrelevant. Some commentators believe that Iran&apos;s ideology and past behaviour suggest that a nuclear-capable Iran will be inclined to take on a high level of risk, without concern for the potential costs of this recklessness, and that Iran may perhaps even welcome the risks involved. By contrast, the recent National Intelligence Estimate (NIE), a composite of US intelligence agency estimates, has concluded that Iran&apos;s &apos;decisions are guided by a cost-benefit approach&apos; and therefore &apos;may be more vulnerable to influence&apos; than they had previously (i.e.2005) judged. These

Divergent systemic and local inflammatory response to hind limb demand ischemia in wild-type and ApoE-/- mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Crawford, Robert S; Albadawi, Hassan; Robaldo, Alessandro; Peck, Michael A; Abularrage, Christopher J; Yoo, Hyung-Jin; Lamuraglia, Glenn M; Watkins, Michael T

2013-08-01

We designed studies to determine whether the ApoE-/- phenotype modulates the local skeletal muscle and systemic inflammatory (plasma) responses to lower extremity demand ischemia. The ApoE-/- phenotype is an experimental model for atherosclerosis in humans. Aged female ApoE-/- and C57BL6 mice underwent femoral artery ligation, then were divided into sedentary and demand ischemia (exercise) groups on day 14. We assessed baseline and postexercise limb perfusion and hind limb function. On day 14, animals in the demand ischemia group underwent daily treadmill exercise through day 28. Sedentary mice were not exercised. On day 28, we harvested plasma and skeletal muscle from ischemic limbs from sedentary and exercised mice. We assayed muscle for angiogenic and proinflammatory proteins, markers of skeletal muscle regeneration, and evidence of skeletal muscle fiber maturation. Hind limb ischemia was similar in ApoE-/- and C57 mice before the onset of exercise. Under sedentary conditions, plasma vascular endothelial cell growth factor and interleukin-6, but not keratinocyte chemoattractant factor (KC) or macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), were higher in ApoE (P factor, KC, and MIP-2, but not IL-6, were lower in ApoE (P demand ischemia in the C57BL6 mice, compared with the ApoE-/- mice (P = 0.01). Demand limb ischemia in the ApoE-/- phenotype exacerbated the expression of select systemic cytokines in plasma and blunted indices of muscle regeneration. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

A Dwarf Type New Rose of Sharon Variety, &apos;Ggoma&apos; Developed by a Mutation Breeding

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Song, H.S.; Park, I.S.; Lim, Y.T.; Kim, J.K.; Lee, G.J.; Kim, D.S.; Lee, S.J.; Kang, S.Y.

2006-01-01

&apos;Ggoma&apos; is a new Hibiscus variety released by a mutation breeding using a gamma ray irradiation at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI). One hundred seeds of the original native variety, &apos;Hongdansim 2&apos;, were collected from around a 35 year old plant, grown in a breeding field in Namyangju, Gyeonggi Province. The seeds were irradiated with a 100 Gy gamma ray from a ∨60Co source at KAERI in 1991 (Fig. 1). The original variety, &apos;Hongdansim 2&apos; within the I-b category represents a single flower, with an intermediate petal width and a light purple color with a red eye in the center of its flower

Short circuit - How our power supply became more expensive and got worse. A critical balance after eight years &apos;'deregulation'&apos; of the German Energy Economy; Kurzschluss - Wie unsere Stromversorgung teurer und schlechter wurde. Eine kritische Bilanz nach acht Jahren &apos;'Liberalisierung'&apos; der deutschen Energiewirtschaft

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Leuschner, U.

2007-07-01

Since 16 years the author, a journalist, pursues the economical and political development of the German power economy. Many facts of this book prove: the impacting consequences as the clear scarcity of 1998 introduced deregulation, which has permitted 8 years long the discrimination of competitors and enabled in this way an exampleless concentration of market might (pt. 1); how supply reliability became worse and power and gas got more and more expensive (pt. 2); the complete insufficient practice of cartel agreements which is exchanged by administrative grid charges respectively &apos;&apos;incentive regulation&apos;&apos; (pt. 3); the relation between management and policy which has become still more distantless than in the epoche of membership books (pt. 4); the development of the German power economy from the beginning in the 19th century to the deregulation incl. the reorganization on the area of the former German Democratic republic. (GL) [German] Im ersten Teil des Buches (&apos;&apos;Stromwirtschaft im Umbruch&apos;&apos;) befasst sich Leuschner nun noch eingehender mit den politischen Hintergruenden der verfehlten Deregulierung. Er stellt fest, dass es die letzte Regierung unter Helmut Kohl war, die von Anfang an die Weichen falsch gestellt hat. Die Hauptverantwortung fuer die Nichtkorrektur des Fehlers und den fortgesetzten &apos;&apos;Schmusekurs mit den Konzernen&apos;&apos; sieht er aber bei den beiden folgenden rot-gruenen Bundesregierungen. Er verdeutlicht ferner, dass die erhoehten Belastungen durch Stromsteuer, EEG und KWK-Gesetz keine hinreichende Begruendung fuer den Strompreisanstieg liefern. Wo nicht minder wichtige Faktoren fuer den Preisanstieg liegen, veranschaulicht er im Kapitel ueber die &apos;&apos;Preisveredelung an der EEX&apos;&apos;. Im zweiten Teil, der die technischen Hintergruende und Risiken der Deregulierung behandelt, findet man jetzt auch ausfuehrlich die europaweite Netzstoerung beschrieben, die EON am 4. November 2006

Facility Management journal special feature on energy. Intelligent energy supply and air conditioning concept for the &apos;&apos;Bonner Bogen&apos;&apos; buildings; Facility Management-Special &apos;'Energie'&apos;. Intelligentes Energie- und Klimakonzept fuer den &apos;&apos;Bonner Bogen&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anon.

2009-11-15

In the &apos;&apos;Bonner Bogen&apos;&apos; construction project, the focus was on resources-saving technology and maximum user comfort, resulting in an integrated planning and implementation process. According to the investor, BonnVisio, the technical infrastructure and energy center of the building - based on groundwater geothermal energy with aquifer storage - is unique in Germany and Europe in terms of size, mode of operation, and efficiency. (orig.)

What do we mean by the word &apos;'Shock'&apos;?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Runnels, Scott Robert

2015-01-01

From one vantage point, a shock is a continuous but drastic change in state variables that occurs over very small time and length scales. These scales and associated changes in state variables can be measured experimentally. From another vantage point, a shock is a mathematical singularity consisting of instantaneous changes in state variables. This more mathematical view gives rise to analytical solutions to idealized problems. And from a third vantage point, a shock is a structure in a hydrocode prediction. Its width depends on the simulation&apos;s grid resolution and artificial viscosity. These three vantage points can be in conflict when ideas from the associated fields are combined, and yet combining them is an important goal of an integrated modeling program. This presentation explores an example of how models for real materials in the presence of real shocks react to a hydrocode&apos;s numerical shocks of finite width. The presentation will include an introduction to plasticity for the novice, an historical view of plasticity algorithms, a demonstration of how pursuing the meaning of &apos;'shock'&apos; has resulted in hydrocode improvements, and will conclude by answering some of the questions that arise from that pursuit. After the technical part of the presentation, a few slides advertising LANL&apos;s Computational Physics Student Summer Workshop will be shown.

Outcomes in diabetic foot ulcer patients with isolated T2 marrow signal abnormality in the underlying bone: should the diagnosis of &apos;'osteitis'&apos; be changed to &apos;&apos;early osteomyelitis&apos;&apos;?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Duryea, Dennis; Bernard, Stephanie; Flemming, Donald; Walker, Eric; French, Cristy [Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Department of Radiology, H066, 500 University Drive, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA (United States)

2017-10-15

To evaluate the variability of clinical treatment and outcomes based on reporting of diabetic foot ulcer MRI findings of adjacent marrow T2 hyperintensity with normal T1 signal. A retrospective review was conducted of 46 MRI examinations evaluating diabetic foot ulcers that demonstrated normal T1 marrow signal, but T2 marrow hyperintensity deep to the ulcer. The cohort was divided based on MRI report impressions into three groups; &apos;&apos;osteitis without osteomyelitis&apos;&apos; (OW), &apos;&apos;osteitis but cannot exclude early osteomyelitis&apos;&apos; (OCEO) and &apos;&apos;early osteomyelitis&apos;&apos; (EO). Patient demographics (age, gender) and accessory MRI findings of ulcer and sinus tract depth were recorded. Initial clinical assessment and medical treatment (route and duration of antibiotics), healing versus disease progression and histology or microbiology results were recorded. The isolated marrow T2 signal hyperintensity was reported as OW in 12 patients, OCEO in 18, and EO in 16. No statistical difference in clinical assessment was demonstrated between the OW, OCEO, and EO groups. Pathological condition was available in 15 patients within 0-7 days (mean 2.4 days) of the MRI examination, with 14 (93%) of these positive for osteomyelitis by histopathology or positive cultures. Initial diagnosis of or progression to osteomyelitis was shown in 28 patients (61%). Treatment of suspected osteomyelitis is heavily determined by clinical factors. Patients who initially demonstrate only T2 marrow signal abnormality under a diabetic ulcer are eventually diagnosed as osteomyelitis in 61% of cases and deserve aggressive treatment as early osteomyelitis when meeting clinical parameters. (orig.)

Getting the Word Out on the Human Genome Project: A Course for Physicians

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sara L. Tobin

2004-09-29

Our project, &apos;&apos;Getting the Word Out on the Human Genome Project: A Course for Physicians,&apos;&apos; presented educational goals to convey the power and promise of the Human Genome Program to a variety of professional, educational, and public audiences. Our initial goal was to provide practicing physicians with a comprehensive multimedia tool to update their skills in the genomic era. We therefore created the multimedia courseware, &apos;&apos;The New Genetics: Courseware for Physicians. Molecular Concepts, Applications, and Ramifications.&apos;&apos; However, as the project moved forward, several unanticipated audiences found the courseware to be useful for instruction and for self-education, so an additional edition of the courseware &apos;&apos;The New Genetics: Medicine and the Human Genome. Molecular Concepts, Applications, and Ramifications&apos;&apos; was published simultaneously with the physician version. At the time that both versions of the courseware were being completed, Stanford&apos;s Office of Technology Licensing opted not to commercialize the courseware and offered a license-back agreement if the authors founded a commercial business. The authors thus became closely involved in marketing and sales, and several thousand copies of the courseware have been sold. Surprisingly, the non-physician version has turned out to be more in demand, and this has led us in several new directions, most of which involve undergraduate education. These are discussed in detail in the Report.

Intranasal delivery of E-selectin reduces atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xinhui Li

Full Text Available Mucosal tolerance to E-selectin prevents stroke and protects against ischemic brain damage in experimental models of stroke studying healthy animals or spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats. A reduction in inflammation and neural damage was associated with immunomodulatory or "tolerogenic" responses to E-selectin. The purpose of the current study on ApoE deficient mice is to assess the capacity of this stroke prevention innovation to influence atherosclerosis, a major underlying cause for ischemic strokes; human E-selectin is being translated as a potential clinical prevention strategy for secondary stroke. Female ApoE-/- mice received intranasal delivery of E-selectin prior to (pre-tolerization or simultaneously with initiation of a high-fat diet. After 7 weeks on the high-fat diet, lipid lesions in the aorta, serum triglycerides, and total cholesterol were assessed as markers of atherosclerosis development. We also assessed E-selectin-specific antibodies and cytokine responses, in addition to inflammatory responses that included macrophage infiltration of the aorta and altered gene expression profiles of aortic mRNA. Intranasal delivery of E-selectin prior to initiation of high-fat chow decreased atherosclerosis, serum total cholesterol, and expression of the leucocyte chemoattractant CCL21 that is typically upregulated in atherosclerotic lesions of ApoE-/- mice. This response was associated with the induction of E-selectin specific cells producing the immunomodulatory cytokine IL-10 and immunosuppressive antibody isotypes. Intranasal administration of E-selectin generates E-selectin specific immune responses that are immunosuppressive in nature and can ameliorate atherosclerosis, a major risk factor for ischemic stroke. These results provide additional preclinical support for the potential of induction of mucosal tolerance to E-selectin to prevent stroke.

Influence of {sup 18}F-FDG PET/CT on therapy management in patients with stage III/IV malignant melanoma

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schuele, Susann-Cathrin; Nikolaou, Konstantin; Pfannenberg, Christina [Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Tuebingen (Germany); Eigentler, Thomas Kurt; Garbe, Claus [Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Skin Cancer Programme, Department of Dermatology, Tuebingen (Germany); Fougere, Christian la [Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tuebingen (Germany)

2016-03-15

To evaluate the influence of {sup 18}F-FDG PET/CT in comparison to CT alone on treatment decisions in patients with advanced melanoma and to analyse the 5-year survival data in comparison to literature data. Therapy management in 64 consecutive patients (primary staging n = 52; surveillance n = 12) with stage III/IV melanoma who underwent {sup 18}F-FDG PET/CT between 2004 and 2005 in our department was retrospectively analysed. Treatment decisions were made by two dermatooncologists for each patient twice, first based on the CT results and then based on the PET/CT results. Therapy changes based on the PET/CT results were classified as &apos;'major'&apos; (e.g. change from metastasectomy to systemic therapy) or &apos;'minor'&apos; (e.g. change from first to second line chemotherapy). The 5-year survival data of different patient cohorts were calculated. In the 52 patients in the primary staging group, the results of {sup 18}F-FDG PET/CT led to therapy change in 59 % and a major therapy change in 52 %. {sup 18}F-FDG PET/CT led to the avoidance of futile operations in 13 patients with suspicious lesions on CT that were deemed nontumorous on PET/CT. In the 12 patients in the surveillance group, the results of {sup 18}F-FDG PET/CT led to therapy change in 33 % and a major change in 17 %. The 5-year survival rates were 30 % in the entire cohort, 34 % in the primary staging group, and 17 % in the surveillance group. A significant overall survival benefit was observed in patients in whom {sup 18}F-FDG PET/CT excluded metastases or in whom metastases could be completely removed compared with patients who were not eligible for surgery (41 % vs. 10 %). Primary staging of patients with stage III/IV melanoma should be performed with {sup 18}F-FDG PET/CT, leading to higher diagnostic accuracy and enabling individualized therapeutic management, especially optimal patient selection for metastasectomy. This strategy may extend long-term survival even in patients

Cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Indications, technique and results of treatment with a blood patch; Liquorverlustsyndrom. Indikation, Technik und Ergebnisse der Behandlung mit &apos;&apos;blood patch&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gottschalk, A. [Krankenhaus Nordwest, Abteilung Neuroradiologie, Frankfurt am Main (Germany)

2015-06-15

of several months, even though patients are already free of symptoms. In total, blood patch therapy is a safe and technically relative simple method with a high success rate. Therefore, it represents the therapy of choice in patients with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leakage as well as in cases of post-lumbar puncture syndrome refractory to conservative therapy. (orig.) [German] In den meisten Faellen ist ein Liquorverlustsyndrom iatrogen durch Lumbalpunktionen, Periduralanaesthesien oder operative Eingriffe an der Wirbelsaeule bedingt. Durch verbesserte diagnostische Moeglichkeiten werden jedoch auch spontane Liquorverlustsyndrome mit zunehmender Haeufigkeit diagnostiziert, deren Ursache oft nicht eindeutig zu klaeren ist. Zur radiologischen Diagnosesicherung und zur Lokalisierung des Liquorlecks stehen mit der Postmyelo-CT, der {sup 111}Indium-Radioisotopenzisternographie und der (Myelo-)MRT mehrere Verfahren mit unterschiedlichen Sensitivitaeten zur Verfuegung. Nach unserer eigenen Erfahrung ist eine primaer nativdiagnostische MRT mit fettsaturierten T2-Sequenzen in vielen Faellen bereits diagnostisch ausreichend, um das Liquorleck und seine Lokalisation zu sichern. In den uebrigen Faellen ist die Durchfuehrung einer ergaenzenden Postmyelo-CT oder alternativ einer Myelo-MRT empfehlenswert. Bei manchen Patienten mit spontanem Liquorverlustsyndrom finden sich dabei mehrere Liquorlecks auf unterschiedlichen Hoehen. Leitsymptom ist in den meisten Faellen ein lageabhaengiger orthostatischer Kopfschmerz. Waehrend das postpunktionelle Syndrom unter Bettruhe und medikamentoeser Therapie oft selbstlimitierend ist, bedarf es beim spontanen Liquorverlustsyndrom meist einer Blood-patch-Therapie. Der lumbale &apos;&apos;blood patch&apos;&apos; kann in der Regel problemlos unter Durchleuchtungskontrolle erfolgen. Bei einem &apos;&apos;blood patch&apos;&apos; an der HWS oder BWS wird aus Sicherheitsgruenden eine CT-gesteuerte Durchfuehrung empfohlen, um eine streng epidurale

Contributions to the qualification of the &apos;'CRISTAL'&apos; criticality calculi scheme: interpretation of critical experiments. Elaboration of a characterization system of neutronic configurations; Contributions a la qualification du schema de calcul de criticite &apos;'cristal'&apos;: interpretation d&apos;experiences critiques. Elaboration d&apos;un systeme de caracterisation des configurations neutroniques

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gagnier, E

1999-06-01

This thesis work is about the validation of the new criticality-safety package CRISTAL and contributes to the modernization and the improvement of the computational tools. The first part presents neutronic elements, the objectives of safety criticality studies and the package CRISTAL. Then, the validation work concerned two series of experiments involving uranyl solutions (UO{sub 2}F{sub 2}) and UO{sub 2} powders. For these experiments, the differences between the computation results and the experimental results were analysed. It was highlighted interesting physical phenomena such of the compensations of errors between the approximate representation by the 99 energy group structure on the first resonance of oxygen and the anisotropy of the diffusion simulation as well as the influence of uranium 234 in high enriched solutions in uranium 235. Once the work of the experimental qualification carried out, raises the question of the use the base of qualification and the &apos;'calculation-experiment'&apos; variations which are referred to it. It is often difficult to establish the link between the &apos;&apos;studied configuration&apos;&apos; and the experiments of the base of qualification. The presented characterisation system proposes to answer in a way automatic and quantified this difficulty: - in bringing an answer on the package qualification for the studied configuration, - in giving an estimate of the package bias. To answer these points, it was defined a set of 35 characteristic neutronic parameters representing the behaviour of the medium. To process the information brought by these parameters and to use it to answer the objectives of the system, we called upon statistical methods (Principal Components Analysis and Sliced Inverse Regression). The results obtained in the feasibility studies showed the relevance of these methods for the considered objectives. (author)

About the structure and stability of complex carbonates of thorium (IV), cerium (IV), zirconium (IV), hafnium (IV)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dervin, Jacqueline

1972-01-01

This research thesis addressed the study of complex carbonates of cations of metals belonging to the IV A column, i.e. thorium (IV), zirconium (IV), hafnium (IV), and also cerium (IV) and uranium (VI), and more particularly focused on ionic compounds formed in solution, and also on the influence of concentration and nature of cations on stability and nature of the formed solid. The author first presents methods used in this study, discusses their precision and scope of validity. She reports the study of the formation of different complex ions which have been highlighted in solution, and the determination of their formation constants. She reports the preparation and study of the stability domain of solid complexes. The next part reports the use of thermogravimetric analysis, IR spectrometry, and crystallography for the structural study of these compounds

The creation of a uranium oxide industry, from the laboratory stage to a pilot plant (1961); Creation d&apos;une industrie de l&apos;oxyde d&apos;uranium du laboratoire a l&apos;usine pilote (1961)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Caillat, R.; Delange, M.; Sauteron, J. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires; Hauser, R. [Compagnie Industrielle des Combustibles atomiques frittes (France)

1961-07-01

The qualities of uranium oxide, in particular its good in-pile characteristics and its resistance to corrosion by the usual heat-exchange fluids, have led to this material being chose at the present time as a nuclear fuel in many power reactors, either planned or under construction. A great effort has been made these last few years in France in studying processes for transforming powdered uranium oxide into a dense material with satisfactory behaviour in a neutron flux. The laboratories at Saclay have studied the physico-chemical features of the phenomena accompanying the calcination of uranium peroxide or ammonium uranate to give uranium trioxide, and the subsequent reduction of the latter to dioxide as well as the sintering of the powders obtained. This work has made it possible on one hand to prepare powder of known specific surface area, and on the other to show the overriding influence of this factor, all other things being equal, on the behaviour of powders during sintering in a hydrogen atmosphere. The work has led to defining two methods for sintering stoichiometric uranium oxide of high density. The technological study of the preparation of the powder and its industrial production are carried out at the plant of Le Bouchet which produces at the moment powders of known characteristics suitable for sintering in hydrogen at 1650 deg. C without prior grinding. The industrial sintering is carried out by the Compagnie industrielle des Combustibles Atomiques Frittes who has set up a pilot plant having a capacity of 25 metric tons/year, for the Commissariat l&apos;Energie Atomique and has been operating this plant since May 1958. This plant is presented by a film entitled &apos;uranium oxide&apos;. (author) [French] Les qualites de l&apos;oxyde d&apos;uranium, en particulier son bon comportement en pile et sa resistance a la corrosion par les fluides caloporteurs habituels, font choisir aujourd&apos;hui ce materiau comme combustible de nombreux reacteurs de

Radiological investigations at the &apos;Taiga&apos; nuclear explosion site: Site description and in situ measurements

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ramzaev, V., E-mail: V.Ramzaev@mail.ru [Institute of Radiation Hygiene, Mira str. 8, 197101 St.-Petersburg (Russian Federation); Repin, V.; Medvedev, A.; Khramtsov, E.; Timofeeva, M.; Yakovlev, V. [Institute of Radiation Hygiene, Mira str. 8, 197101 St.-Petersburg (Russian Federation)

2011-07-15

In the summer of 2009, we performed a field survey of the &apos;Taiga&apos; peaceful underground nuclear explosion site, the Perm region, Russia (61.30{sup o} N, 56.60{sup o} E). The explosion was carried out by the USSR in 1971. This paper provides an extended summary of the available published data on the &apos;Taiga&apos; experiment. A detailed description of the site is illustrated by original aerial and ground-level photos. A large artificial lake (700 m long and 350 m wide) currently occupies the central area of the experimental site. The ground lip surrounding the lake is covered by a newly grown mixed forest. In situ measurements, performed in August 2009, revealed elevated levels of the {gamma}-ray dose rate in air on the banks of the lake &apos;Taiga&apos;. Two hot spots were detected on the eastern bank of the lake. The excess of the {gamma}-ray radiation is attributable to the man-made radionuclides {sup 60}Co and {sup 137}Cs. The current external {gamma}-ray dose rate to a human from the contaminations associated with the &apos;Taiga&apos; experiment was between 9 and 70 {mu}Sv per week. Periodic monitoring the site is recommended. - Highlights: > We studied a radiation anomaly at the &apos;Taiga&apos; underground nuclear explosion site. > The anomaly currently has an area of approximately 1 km{sup 2}. > The excess of {gamma}-ray radiation at the site is mainly attributable to {sup 60}Co and {sup 137}Cs. > The external effective dose may currently exceed the negligible value of 10 {mu}Sv y{sup -1}.

Progress Report: DE-FG03-97ER20274, &apos;&apos;Microbial Production of Isoprene&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ray Fall

2002-03-13

We have discovered that microorganisms produce and emit the hydrocarbon isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene), and have suggested that if isoprene-producing enzymes and their genes can be harnessed, useful hydrocarbon-producing systems might be constructed. The main goal of the proposed work is to establish the biochemical mechanism and regulation of isoprene formation in the bacterial system, Bacillus subtilis. Specific objectives of the proposed work are the following: (A) to characterize the physiological regulation of isoprene formation in B. subtilis; (B) to characterize mutations in B. subtilis 168 that suppress isoprene formation, clone these genes, and determine how isoprene and isoprenoid carbon flow are regulated; and (C) to test &apos;'overflow'&apos; and &apos;'signaling'&apos; models for Bacillus isoprene formation. We are also pursuing the isolation and cloning of B. subtilis isoprene synthase, which we believe may be a regulatory enzyme.

Resource consumption of Germany - indicators and definitions. Development of a glossary on the concept of &apos;'resources'&apos; and calculation of missing characteristic data of resources consumption for further political analysis; Ressourcenverbrauch von Deutschland - aktuelle Kennzahlen und Begriffsbestimmungen. Erstellung eines Glossars zum &apos;'Ressourcenbegriff'&apos; und Berechnung von fehlenden Kennzahlen des Ressourcenverbrauchs fuer die weitere politische Analyse

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schuetz, Helmut; Bringezu, Stefan [Wuppertal Institut fuer Klima, Umwelt, Energie GmbH, Wuppertal (Germany). Forschungsgruppe 3: Stoffstroeme und Ressourcenmanagement

2008-02-15

The goals of the reported study are: - to prepare a glossary on the term &apos;'Resources'&apos; in order to support communication based on a harmonised resource term and associated terms and - to provide key data on resource use in Germany in time series since 1991 up to the most recent year for which data were available (2004 in general), and to attribute results to the resource terms. Results achieved are presented and discussed below by the following sections: Provision of a glossary on the term &apos;'resource'&apos;, use of the term &apos;'resource'&apos; at different levels, and provision of data and derived indicators for resource consumption in time series. First, a list of the relevant publications in the topic field &apos;'resources'&apos; was provided and co-ordinated with the client. This publication list is given in the annex to this report. On basis of national and international sources a glossary was provided which clearly describes and comments the resource term, its sub-terms and associated terms. This glossary is in the annex to this report. (orig.)

Some problems of human ecology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Davitashvili, M.

2009-01-01

The problems of the ecology of human are considered. The notion of &apos;&apos;the ecology of human'&apos; is discussed from the viewpoint of human rights and responsibilities in reference to the environment. The ecological factors affecting the men and the ecosystems as a whole are considered. It is emphasized that the ecological problems should be solved not only globally, but also for concrete ecosystems with consideration for their specific features. (author)

A New Rose of Sharon Cultivar, &apos;Daegoang&apos; Developed by Mutation Breeding

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Song, H.S.; Kim, J.K.; Lim, Y.T.; Park, I.S.; Kang, S.Y.; Kim, D.S.; Lee, S.J.

2005-01-01

&apos;Daegoang&apos; is a new Hibiscus variety developed by mutation breeding using gamma ray irradiation at Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI). One hundred seeds of original variety, &apos;Yongkwang&apos;, collected in Namyangju of Gyeonggi Province were irradiated 10 Krad γ-ray from a ∨60Co source at KAERI in 1994 (Fig. 1). The flower type and color of the variety &apos;Yongkwang&apos; was I-b that means single and fully open, and light purple with red eye, respectively. The irradiated seeds were sown in a field of the Atomic Experiment Farm in Namyangju, in April 1994. The survival rate of seedling at the 0 and 100 Gy dose was 50% and 35%, respectively (Table 1)

Energy at the man service: typology and size scales; L&apos;energie au service de l&apos;homme: typologie et ordres de grandeurs

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Combarnous, M. [Bordeaux-1 Univ., Lab. Energetique et Phenomenes de Transfert, UMR CNRS, ENSAM, 33 - Talence (France)

2005-07-01

This analysis is made in an anthropic prospect way: all energy considerations are directed by the utilization of the energy forms used by human populations. This leads necessarily to favour fluxes or energy stocks which are not a priori the most important in the system. For instance, the energy stock represented by the Earth with respect to a body having the same mass at ambient temperature is not considered. On the contrary, the energy fluxes corresponding to terrestrial vegetal biomass, and in particular those mobilized for alimentary purposes, have to be considered. This document presents: the evolution and heterogeneity of human populations (demography, gross domestic product), the energy units and its equivalents, the Earth&apos;s surface - atmosphere system (solar radiation, hydric statuses, carbon cycle and fluxes), the world energy consumption and its trends, the main &apos;explicit&apos; consumptions (fossil fuels, nuclear energy, hydroelectric power), the different energy forms used by men and the share of renewable energy sources, the &apos;implicit&apos; solar energy consumptions (biomass), the complexity of energy chains and the savings that can be inferred from. (J.S.)

Obtaining &apos;images&apos; from iron objects using a 3-axis fluxgate magnetometer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chilo, Jose [University of Gaevle, S-80176 Gaevle (Sweden); Jabor, Abbas [Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, S-106 91 Stockholm (Sweden); Lizska, Ludwik [Swedish Institute of Space Physics in Umea (Sweden); Eide, Age J. [Ostfold University College, N-1757 Halden (Norway); Lindblad, Thomas [Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, S-106 91 Stockholm (Sweden)], E-mail: lindblad@particle.kth.se

2007-10-01

Magnetic objects can cause local variations in the Earth&apos;s magnetic field that can be measured with a magnetometer. Here we used tri-axial magnetometer measurements and an analysis method employing wavelet techniques to determine the &apos;signature&apos; or &apos;fingerprint&apos; of different iron objects. Clear distinctions among the iron samples were observed. The time-dependent changes in the frequency powers were extracted by use of the Morlet wavelet corresponding to frequency bands from 0.1 to 100 Hz.

&apos;Adotta scienza e arte nella tua classe&apos;: The results of a successfully teaching project which combines science with art

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Giansanti, S.

2015-01-01

The project called &apos;Adotta scienza e arte nella tua classe&apos; (&apos;Adopt Science and Art in your class&apos;), on the interconnection between science and art, has been addressed to the Italian secondary middle and high school involving more than 200 teachers and about 2200 students. The main purpose of this project is to make the young students aware of the strong link between science and art is a unique cultural and interdisciplinary occasion. To reach this goal, the Adotta project asked students to produce an artwork inspired by the interpretation of a quotation among a hundred commented quotes by physicists, mathematicians, scientist, writers, artists, accompanied by an original short sentence written by students themselves. More than 1000 artworks have been produced and collected in two galleries on Facebook. From their analysis emerges the students’ feeling about science, which is usually associated to human brain, based on mathematical laws and related to technological progress, but it is also a powerful tool that should be responsibly used. This project also valorizes teachers’ role in scientific education through activities that encourage students to recognize science in every aspect of their lives.

Chamber transport of &apos;'foot'&apos; pulses for heavy-ion fusion

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sharp, W.M.; Callahan-Miller, D.A.; Tabak, M.; Yu, S.S.; Peterson, P.F.

2002-02-20

Indirect-drive targets for heavy-ion fusion must initially be heated by &apos;'foot'&apos; pulses that precede the main heating pulses by tens of nanoseconds. These pulses typically have a lower energy and perveance than the main pulses, and the fusion-chamber environment is different from that seen by later pulses. The preliminary particle-in-cell simulations of foot pulses here examine the sensitivity of the beam focusing to ion-beam perveance, background-gas density, and pre-neutralization by a plasma near the chamber entry port.

Design of the fuel element &apos;snow-flake&apos; in uranium oxide, canned with aluminium, for the experimental reactor EL 3 (1960); Etude d&apos;un element combustible en oxyde d&apos;uranium gaine d&apos;aluminium, type &apos;&apos;cristal de neige&apos;&apos; pour la pile EL 3 (1960)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gauthron, M.; Guibert, B. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1960-07-01

This report sums up the main studies have been carried out on the fuel element &apos;Snowflake&apos; (uranium oxide, canned with aluminium), designed to replace the present element of the experimental reactor EL3 in order to increase the reactivity without modifying the neutron flux/thermal power ratio. (author) [French] Ce rapport resume les principales etudes qui ont ete faites sur l&apos;element combustible &apos;Cristal de Neige&apos; (a oxyde d&apos;uranium, gaine d&apos;aluminium) destine a remnlacer l&apos;element actuel du reacteur experimental EL3, afin d&apos;en augmenter la reactivite sans modifier le rapport flux neutronique-puissance thermique. (auteur)

66. The safety engineering at reprocessing of raw material from &apos;zero&apos; mark and &apos;slaked lime&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ivanov, A.V.

1993-01-01

The safety engineering at reprocessing of raw material from &apos;zero&apos; mark and &apos;slaked lime&apos; was studied. All operational conditions at reprocessing of raw material from &apos;zero&apos; mark and &apos;slaked lime&apos; were discussed.

From Crex mutualization to clinical audit; De la mutualisation des comites de retour d&apos;experience (Crex) a l&apos;audit des pratiques cliniques

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Debouck, F. [Departement securite operationnelle, Air France Consulting, 95 - Roissy-CDG (France); Petit, H.B. [AFM42, 78 - Chambourcy (France); Lartigau, E. [Centre Oscar-Lambret, departement universitaire de radiotherapie, 59 - Lille (France); Universite Lille Nord-de-France, 59 - Lille (France)

2010-10-15

In mid-2004, following a Mission nationale d&apos;expertise et d&apos;audits hospitaliers (MeaH) proposal, three voluntary cancer centres started setting up a safety procedure in radiotherapy. Their work made it possible to single out the need to continue elaborating a repository, aiming at a &apos;minimal written reference&apos;, to take into account the human factor as one of the four families of factors contributing to a systemic deviation and to build collectively, in radiotherapy departments, the experience feedback committee (comite de retour d&apos;experience [Crex]). Formalizing a comite de retour d&apos;experience is unavoidable in any safety-management system (SMM or MGS). The comite de retour d&apos;experience enables every active member of a department to listen to any of the events of the month (incidents and precursors), to select the event which will be under scrutiny for the next systemic analysis (Orion{sup C} method) and above all to choose the most appropriate correcting action and ensure its proper implementation. That approach has been approved and then acknowledged by the Autorite de surete nucleaire (ASN) before being extended to the other radiotherapy departments. The use of the comite de retour d&apos;experience, which is a safety management tool, should not be limited to a local circle of insiders, but shared to benefit everybody. Putting comite de retour d&apos;experience together - a move that was hoped for and brought up as soon as the tool was created - is now being implemented. Several initiatives have already permitted to assess its collective interest; other steps have yet to be taken to enable a true collective sharing of experience. On this basis, the definition of quality/safety practices in radiotherapy will allow the professionals to implement clinical audits in 2012. (authors)

The energy consumption of private households 1990 - 2035 - Results of scenarios I - IV; Der Energieverbrauch der Privaten Haushalte, 1990 - 2035. Ergebnisse der Szenarien I bis IV und der zugehoerigen Sensitivitaeten BIP hoch, Preise hoch und Klima waermer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hofer, P.

2007-07-01

This comprehensive report for the Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE) presents four scenarios concerning the development of energy consumption in Swiss private households for the period 1990 - 2035. The four scenarios - status quo, increased co-operation between the state and the economy with various levies, global reduction of energy consumption and, finally, scenario IV &apos;on the way to a 2000-Watt Society&apos; - are briefly described. In particular, the scenarios are examined for various sensitivities: high gross domestic product GDP, high prices and warmer climate. The results of the sensitivity analyses are compared and discussed and the necessary instruments are examined. This comprehensive report contains a large number of data-tables and graphical representations

Evaluation of the environmental quality objective &apos;A Safe Radiation Environment&apos;; Utvaerdering av miljoekvalitetsmaalet &apos;Saeker straalmiljoe&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Asp, Helene; Brewitz, Erica; Halvarsson, Andreas; Ljungberg, Sophie; Mjoenes, Lars; Wallberg, Petra

2007-11-15

The evaluation of the environmental quality objective &apos;A Safe Radiation Environment&apos; is a contribution to the Environmental Objective Council&apos;s assessment of progress towards the national environmental quality objectives. The report describes and evaluates the radiation environment in Sweden, the regulatory instruments, measures carried out and the monitoring programmes. Furthermore, the possibility of achieving the objective and its interim targets is evaluated. New measures and means of control are proposed. The proposals are directed to the government and Parliament, national authorities and other stakeholders in society. The Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (SSI) considers it possible to achieve the objective, but additional efforts are required to ensure success. Environmental monitoring, research on health effects of radiation and supervision are still important areas. Intensified efforts will be needed to change attitudes towards suntanning. Changes in the formulation of the objective and its interim targets are suggested. Today only protection against radiation in the external environment is covered by the objective. Radiation protection work has to consider all. SSI therefore suggests that the objective should extend to include workplaces and indoor environment. For the three interim targets included in &apos;A Safe Radiation Environment&apos;, changes are suggested for the interim targets for radioactive substances and electromagnetic fields. No change is suggested for the interim target for skin cancer

Coral bleaching and ocean &apos;&apos;hot spots&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goreau, T.J. (Global Coral Reef Alliance, Chappaqua, NY (United States)); Hayes, R.L. (Howard Univ., Washington, DC (United States). College of Medicine)

1994-05-01

Global sea-surface temperature maps show that mass coral-reef bleaching episodes between 1983 and 1991 followed positive anomalies more than 1 deg C above long-term monthly averages (&apos;&apos;hot spots&apos;&apos;) during the preceding warm season. Irregular formation, movement, and disappearance of hot spots make their detailed long-term prediction impossible, but they can be tracked in real time from satellite data. Monitoring of ocean hot spots and of coral bleaching is needed if the Framework Convention of Climate Change is to meet its goal of protecting the most temperature sensitive ecosystems. 47 refs, 3 figs

Acetabular retroversion as a rare cause of chronic hip pain: recognition of the &apos;'figure-eight'&apos; sign

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Banks, Kevin P. [Brooke Army Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Fort Sam Houston, TX (United States); Grayson, David E. [Wilford Hall Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Lackland Air Force Base, TX (United States)

2007-06-15

While well-recognized in the orthopedic literature as a cause of chronic hip pain, acetabular retroversion has not been specifically described in the radiologic literature. Acetabular retroversion represents a particular form of hip dysplasia characterized by abnormal posterolateral orientation of the acetabulum. This pathophysiology predisposes the individual to subsequent anterior impingement of the femoral neck upon the anterior acetabular margin and fibrous labrum. Without treatment, cases may progress to damage of the anterior labrum and cartilage, with eventual early onset of osteoarthritic disease. This impinging condition has been described as occurring in isolation or as part of a complex dysplasia. We describe two cases of acetabular retroversion diagnosed by conventional radiographic evaluation of the pelvis, one in isolation and one occurring in the setting of a larger congenital syndrome. These cases illustrate the utility of the &apos;'figure-eight'&apos; sign in identifying abnormalities of acetabular version and thus assisting clinicians in properly identifying these individuals so that appropriate therapy may be instituted. (orig.)

Inorganic profile of some Brazilian medicinal plants obtained from ethanolic extract and &apos;&apos;in natura&apos;&apos; samples

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ferreira, M.O.M.; de Sousa, P.T.; Salvador, V.L.R.; Sato, I.M.

2004-10-03

The Anadenathera macrocarpa, Schinus molle, Hymenaea courbaril, Cariniana legalis, Solidago microglossa and Stryphnodendron barbatiman, were collected &apos;&apos;in natura&apos;&apos; samples (leaves, flowers, barks and seeds) from different commercial suppliers. The pharmaco-active compounds in ethanolic extracts had been made by the Mato Grosso Federal University (UFMT). The energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) spectrometry was used for the elemental analysis in different parts of the plants and respective ethanolic extracts. The Ca, Cl, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Rb, S, Sr and Zn concentrations were determined by the fundamental parameters method. Some specimens showed a similar inorganic profile for &apos;&apos;in natura&apos;&apos; and ethanolic extract samples and some ones showed a distinct inorganic profile. For example, the Anadenathera macrocarpa showed a similar concentration in Mg, P, Cu, Zn and Rb elements in &apos;&apos;in natura&apos;&apos; and ethanolic extract samples; however very different concentration in Na, S, Cl, K , Ca, Mn, Fe and Sr was observed in distinctive samples. The Solidago microglossa showed the K, Ca, Cl, S, Mg, P and Fe elements as major constituents in both samples, suggesting that the extraction process did not affect in a considerable way the &apos;&apos;in natura&apos;&apos; inorganic composition. The elemental composition of the different parts of the plants (leaves, flowers, barks and seeds) has been also determined. For example, the Schinus molle specimen showed P, K, Cl and Ca elements as major constituents in the seeds, Mg, K and Sr in the barks and Mg, S, Cl and Mn in the leaves, demonstrating a differentiated elementary distribution. These inorganic profiles will contribute to evaluate the quality control of the Brazilian herbaceous trade and also will assist to identify which parts of the medicinal plants has greater therapeutic effect.

L-arginine mediated renaturation enhances yield of human, α6 Type IV collagen non-collagenous domain from bacterial inclusion bodies.

Science.gov (United States)

Gunda, Venugopal; Boosani, Chandra Shekhar; Verma, Raj Kumar; Guda, Chittibabu; Sudhakar, Yakkanti Akul

2012-10-01

The anti-angiogenic, carboxy terminal non-collagenous domain (NC1) derived from human Collagen type IV alpha 6 chain, [α6(IV)NC1] or hexastatin, was earlier obtained using different recombinant methods of expression in bacterial systems. However, the effect of L-arginine mediated renaturation in enhancing the relative yields of this protein from bacterial inclusion bodies has not been evaluated. In the present study, direct stirring and on-column renaturation methods using L-arginine and different size exclusion chromatography matrices were applied for enhancing the solubility in purifying the recombinant α6(IV)NC1 from bacterial inclusion bodies. This methodology enabled purification of higher quantities of soluble protein from inclusion bodies, which inhibited endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tube formation. Thus, the scope for L-arginine mediated renaturation in obtaining higher yields of soluble, biologically active NC1 domain from bacterial inclusion bodies was evaluated.

A 30 kpc CHAIN OF &apos;&apos;BEADS ON A STRING&apos;&apos; STAR FORMATION BETWEEN TWO MERGING EARLY TYPE GALAXIES IN THE CORE OF A STRONG-LENSING GALAXY CLUSTER

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tremblay, Grant R.; Davis, Timothy A. [European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2, D-85748 Garching bei München (Germany); Gladders, Michael D.; Florian, Michael [Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics and Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 (United States); Baum, Stefi A.; O' Dea, Christopher P.; Cooke, Kevin C. [Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science and School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, 84 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY 14623 (United States); Bayliss, Matthew B. [Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Dahle, Håkon [Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1029, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo (Norway); Rigby, Jane R. [Observational Cosmology Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 665, Greenbelt, MD 20771 (United States); Sharon, Keren [Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, 500 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (United States); Soto, Emmaris [Department of Physics, The Catholic University of America, 200 Hannan Hall, Washington, DC 20064 (United States); Wuyts, Eva, E-mail: grant.tremblay@eso.org [Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Postfach 1312, Giessenbachstr., D-85741 Garching bei München (Germany)

2014-08-01

New Hubble Space Telescope ultraviolet and optical imaging of the strong-lensing galaxy cluster SDSS J1531+3414 (z = 0.335) reveals two centrally dominant elliptical galaxies participating in an ongoing major merger. The interaction is at least somewhat rich in cool gas, as the merger is associated with a complex network of 19 massive superclusters of young stars (or small tidal dwarf galaxies) separated by ∼1 kpc in projection from one another, combining to an estimated total star formation rate of ∼5 M {sub ☉} yr{sup –1}. The resolved young stellar superclusters are threaded by narrow Hα, [O II], and blue excess filaments arranged in a network spanning ∼27 kpc across the two merging galaxies. This morphology is strongly reminiscent of the well-known &apos;&apos;beads on a string&apos;&apos; mode of star formation observed on kiloparsec scales in the arms of spiral galaxies, resonance rings, and in tidal tails between interacting galaxies. Nevertheless, the arrangement of this star formation relative to the nuclei of the two galaxies is difficult to interpret in a dynamical sense, as no known &apos;&apos;beads on a string&apos;&apos; systems associated with kiloparsec-scale tidal interactions exhibit such lopsided morphology relative to the merger participants. In this Letter, we present the images and follow-up spectroscopy and discuss possible physical interpretations for the unique arrangement of the young stellar clusters. While we suggest that this morphology is likely to be dynamically short-lived, a more quantitative understanding awaits necessary multiwavelength follow-up, including optical integral field spectroscopy, ALMA submillimeter interferometry, and Chandra X-ray imaging.

Solubility Determination of Uranium (IV) Oxalates U(C{sub 2}O{sub 4}){sub 2}.6H{sub 2}O and M{sub 2}U{sub 2}(C{sub 2}O{sub 4}){sub 5}.nH{sub 2}O (M = mono-charged cation)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Costenoble, Sylvain; Grandjean, Stephane; Arab-Chapelet, Benedicte [CEA, Nuclear Energy Division, Radiochemistry and Process Department, Actinide Chemistry Laboratory, CEA Marcoule, bat 399, BP17171, 30207 Bagnols sur Ceze cedex (France); Abraham, Francis [UCCS - Solid Chemistry Unit, UMR CNRS 8181, ENSCL-USTL, B.P. 108, 59652 Villeneuve d' Ascq cedex (France)

2008-07-01

The solubility of uranium (IV) oxalate compounds was studied in order to have a precise insight of the behaviour of An(IV)-An(III) (An(IV) = U, Np or Pu and An(III) = Pu or Am) mixed oxalate in the context of oxalic co-conversion for actinide co-management. Concepts of thermodynamics of aqueous-solid solution are reviewed by introducing LIPPMANN theory and THORSTENSON and PLUMMER &apos;stoichiometric saturation&apos; model in a way to understand and model the system of interest. Different analytical techniques have been developed in order to titrate uranium and/or other actinides at trace levels in solution. This thorough investigation is the basis of further experiments on the solubility of mixed U(IV)- An(III) oxalate solid solutions as a function of the nature of the trivalent actinide and the An(III)/U(IV) ratio. (authors)

Development of a draft of human factors safety review procedures for the Korean next generation reactor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Jung Woon; Moon, B. S.; Park, J. C.; Lee, Y. H.; Oh, I. S.; Lee, H. C. [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Taejeon (Korea)

2000-02-01

In this study, a draft of human factors engineering (HFE) safety review procedures (SRP) was developed for the safety review of KNGR based on HFE Safety and Regulatory Requirements and Guidelines (SRRG). This draft includes acceptance criteria, review procedure, and evaluation findings for the areas of review including HFE Program Management, Human Factors Analyses, Human Factors Design, and HFE Verification and Validation, based on Section 15.1 &apos;Human Factors Engineering Design Process&apos; and 15.2 &apos;Control Room Human Factors Engineering&apos; of KNGR Specific Safety Requirements and Chapter 15 &apos;Human Factors Engineering&apos; of KNGR Safety Regulatory Guides. For the effective review, human factors concerns or issues related to advanced HSI design that have been reported so far should be extensively examined. In this study, a total of 384 human factors issues related to the advanced HSI design were collected through our review of a total of 145 documents. A summary of each issue was described and the issues were identified by specific features of HSI design. These results were implemented into a database system. 8 refs., 2 figs. (Author)

An Intron 9 CYP19 Gene Variant (IVS9+5G>A), Present in an Aromatase-Deficient Girl, Affects Normal Splicing and Is Also Present in Normal Human Steroidogenic Tissues.

Science.gov (United States)

Saraco, Nora; Nesi-Franca, Suzana; Sainz, Romina; Marino, Roxana; Marques-Pereira, Rosana; La Pastina, Julia; Perez Garrido, Natalia; Sandrini, Romolo; Rivarola, Marco Aurelio; de Lacerda, Luiz; Belgorosky, Alicia

2015-01-01

Splicing CYP19 gene variants causing aromatase deficiency in 46,XX disorder of sexual development (DSD) patients have been reported in a few cases. A misbalance between normal and aberrant splicing variants was proposed to explain spontaneous pubertal breast development but an incomplete sex maturation progress. The aim of this study was to functionally characterize a novel CYP19A1 intronic homozygote mutation (IVS9+5G>A) in a 46,XX DSD girl presenting spontaneous breast development and primary amenorrhea, and to evaluate similar splicing variant expression in normal steroidogenic tissues. Genomic DNA analysis, splicing prediction programs, splicing assays, and in vitro protein expression and enzyme activity analyses were carried out. CYP19A1 mRNA expression in human steroidogenic tissues was also studied. A novel IVS9+5G>A homozygote mutation was found. In silico analysis predicts the disappearance of the splicing donor site in intron 9, confirmed by patient peripheral leukocyte cP450arom and in vitro studies. Protein analysis showed a shorter and inactive protein. The intron 9 transcript variant was also found in human steroidogenic tissues. The mutation IVS9+5G>A generates a splicing variant that includes intron 9 which is also present in normal human steroidogenic tissues, suggesting that a misbalance between normal and aberrant splicing variants might occur in target tissues, explaining the clinical phenotype in the affected patient. © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Functional and morphological parameters with tissue characterization of cardiovascular magnetic imaging in clinically verified &apos;&apos;infarct-like myocarditis&apos;&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schwab, Johannes [Paracelsus Medical Univ., General Hospital Nuremberg (Germany). Dept. of Cardiology and Radiology; Rogg, H.J.; Pauschinger, M.; Fessele, K. [Paracelsus Medical Univ., General Hospital Nuremberg (Germany). Dept. of Cardiology; Bareiter, T.; Baer, I. [Paracelsus Medical Univ., General Hospital Nuremberg (Germany). Dept. of Cardiology and Neuroradiology; Loose, R. [Paracelsus Medical Univ., General Hospital Nuremberg (Germany). Dept. of Radiology

2016-04-15

Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has increasingly proved to be a valuable diagnostic tool for evaluating patients with suspected myocarditis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of functional and morphological parameters including tissue characterization in patients with &apos;&apos;infarct-like myocarditis&apos;&apos;. 43 patients with clinically verified cases of &apos;&apos;infarct-like myocarditis&apos;&apos; (median time to MRI scanning after admission for acute symptoms 3 days) and 35 control patients matched by age and sex were included in this retrospective case control study. In this study we used a 1.5 T MRI scanner conducting steady-state-free-precession sequences, T2-weighted imaging, T1-weighted imaging before and after contrast administration and late gadolinium enhancement sequences. According to the recommendations for CMR diagnosis of myocarditis (Lake Louise consensus criteria), a scan was positive for acute myocarditis if 2 of 3 CMR criteria were present. 30 % of the patients with &apos;&apos;infarct-like myocarditis&apos;&apos; had a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, 11 % had an increased LV end-diastolic volume index and 35 % had an increased LV mass index. The sensitivity of wall motion abnormalities was 63 % with a regional distribution in 49 %. In 47 % of cases regional wall motion abnormalities were present in the lateral left ventricular segments. Pericardial effusions were discovered in 65 % of cases with a circular appearance in 21 % and focal manifestation in 44 %. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CMR in patients with &apos;&apos;infarct-like myocarditis&apos;&apos; were 67 %, 100 % and 82 %, respectively. The LGE alone was the most sensitive test parameter with 86 %, providing a specificity of 100 % and accuracy of 92 %. Our study results can be applied to the subgroup of patients with &apos;&apos;infarct-like myocarditis&apos;&apos;, where we found that LGE alone was the

Sequence, &apos;subtle&apos; alternative splicing and expression of the CYYR1 (cysteine/tyrosine-rich 1) mRNA in human neuroendocrine tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vitale, Lorenza; Coppola, Domenico; Strippoli, Pierluigi; Frabetti, Flavia; Huntsman, Shane A; Canaider, Silvia; Casadei, Raffaella; Lenzi, Luca; Facchin, Federica; Carinci, Paolo; Zannotti, Maria

2007-01-01

CYYR1 is a recently identified gene located on human chromosome 21 whose product has no similarity to any known protein and is of unknown function. Analysis of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) have revealed high human CYYR1 expression in cells belonging to the diffuse neuroendocrine system (DNES). These cells may be the origin of neuroendocrine (NE) tumors. The aim of this study was to conduct an initial analysis of sequence, splicing and expression of the CYYR1 mRNA in human NE tumors. The CYYR1 mRNA coding sequence (CDS) was studied in 32 NE tumors by RT-PCR and sequence analysis. A subtle alternative splicing was identified generating two isoforms of CYYR1 mRNA differing in terms of the absence (CAG - isoform, the first described mRNA for CYYR1 locus) or the presence (CAG + isoform) of a CAG codon. When present, this specific codon determines the presence of an alanine residue, at the exon 3/exon 4 junction of the CYYR1 mRNA. The two mRNA isoform amounts were determined by quantitative relative RT-PCR in 29 NE tumors, 2 non-neuroendocrine tumors and 10 normal tissues. A bioinformatic analysis was performed to search for the existence of the two CYYR1 isoforms in other species. The CYYR1 CDS did not show differences compared to the reference sequence in any of the samples, with the exception of an NE tumor arising in the neck region. Sequence analysis of this tumor identified a change in the CDS 333 position (T instead of C), leading to the amino acid mutation P111S. NE tumor samples showed no significant difference in either CYYR1 CAG - or CAG + isoform expression compared to control tissues. CYYR1 CAG - isoform was significantly more expressed than CAG + isoform in NE tumors as well as in control samples investigated. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that only the genomic sequence of Pan troglodytes CYYR1 is consistent with the possible existence of the two described mRNA isoforms. A new &apos;subtle&apos; splicing isoform (CAG + ) of CYYR1 mRNA, the sequence and

Fair Miles? The concept of &apos;food miles&apos; through a sustainable development lens

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

MacGregor, James; Vorley, Bill

2006-10-15

The concept of &apos;food miles&apos; presents an argument to buy goods which have travelled the shortest distance from farm to table, and to discriminate against long-haul transportation, especially air-freighted goods. The long-distance transport of food is associated with additional emissions due to increased transportation coupled with greater packaging, as well as a disconnection between the public and local farming. Furthermore, &apos;food miles&apos; encapsulates (and is at the vanguard of) the climate change debate in the UK. In light of growing international concern over the speed and scale of climate change, the concept of &apos;food miles&apos; has captured public attention and apparently is changing some consumers&apos; behaviour, although only around one-third of shoppers know of the concept.

Les Houches &apos;&apos;Physics at TeV Colliders 2003&apos;&apos; Beyond the Standard Model Working Group: Summary Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Allanach, B

2004-03-01

The work contained herein constitutes a report of the &apos;&apos;Beyond the Standard Model&apos;&apos; working group for the Workshop &apos;&apos;Physics at TeV Colliders&apos;&apos;, Les Houches, France, 26 May-6 June, 2003. The research presented is original, and was performed specifically for the workshop. Tools for calculations in the minimal supersymmetric standard model are presented, including a comparison of the dark matter relic density predicted by public codes. Reconstruction of supersymmetric particle masses at the LHC and a future linear collider facility is examined. Less orthodox supersymmetric signals such as non-pointing photons and R-parity violating signals are studied. Features of extra dimensional models are examined next, including measurement strategies for radions and Higgs&apos;, as well as the virtual effects of Kaluza Klein modes of gluons. Finally, there is an update on LHC Z&apos; studies.

How to recover credibility of nuclear technologies in Japan where people wish to have &apos;Anshin&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yasui, Itaru

2014-01-01

Although it is inevitable to recover credibility of utilities, there are no clear ways to realize a final target yet. Credibility issue is a very difficult especially in Japan, where the word of &apos;Anshin&apos; has special importance in the mind of people. In this paper, the word of &apos;Anshin&apos; in Japan was discussed in order to find out differences in other countries by comparison of culture and customs, especially ways to prepare food, i.e. agriculture and hunting and gathering and so on. The meanings of &apos;Anshin&apos; were decomposed into several elements, and each element was discussed and clarified. Human factor is important in both operation of plants and risk communication. The philosophy and attitude of COE of utilities are those of very important factors to regain credibility. The utilities&apos; responsibilities are important, but not enough by themselves. In order to assure transparency of information used in risk communication, improvement of people&apos;s scientific literacy and their attitude to elect their representatives are absolutely necessary. Especially, risk information related to Level 3 RPA to be opened to public have to be fully transparent. Risk is one of most difficult concept for Japanese people to handle. The reoperation issue of nuclear power plants will involve several difficulties, but challenges to overcome this issue will be a good chance to change a way of decision making in Japan. (author)

Ionizing radiation: down regulation of &apos;atm&apos; by 2 Deoxy-D-Glucose: a dose and time dependent study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lahiri, S.S.; Saxena, N.; Hambarde, S.

2014-01-01

Exposure to Ionizing Radiation (IR) cause cell death, but it also help in radio-sensitization of cancer cells, by causing oxidative stress and DNA damage, primarily by double strand breaks. Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (atm) gene is involved in DNA double strand breaks, sensory and repair pathways. Therefore, inhibition of its expression, can lead to useful radio-sensitization of cancerous cells. Metabolic inhibitor 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose (2-DG) block glycolysis and modulates protein glycosylation (2-DG). This cause sensitization of cancer cells to radiation, which help in effective reduction in the essential dose of therapeutic ionizing radiation required for the treatment of cancer. The transcription factor Sp-1 involved, is also down-regulated by 2-DG. We have studied the effect of 2-DG at varied concentrations, applied at different pre, simultaneous as well as post irradiation time intervals with 2 Gy, 5 Gy or 10 Gy (lethal dose) of ionizing radiations. Expressions of &apos;atm&apos; gene in response to the drug and/or IR of different doses were studied. Response was studied at different post irradiation time intervals, in the levels of mRNA, protein and cell survival. It was observed that exposure of human glioma cells (BMG1) to 2 Gy, 5 Gy or 10 Gy of IR alone, had differential and dose dependent effect on &apos;atm&apos; expression. The &apos;atm&apos; level was significantly down regulated by 2-DG, in non-irradiated as well as gamma ray irradiated cells. It was observed that BMG1 cells when treated with 2-DG and exposed to irradiation, there was no net significant alteration (normalcy was restored) in the expression level of &apos;atm&apos;. It was also observed that the extent of down-regulation by pre-treatment with 2-DG, was greater than post-treatment. This work has great significance in the application of clinically relevant low dose radiotherapy for the treatment of cancer. (author)

NDA National Graduate Programme &apos;nucleargraduates&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dawson, Carl

2010-07-01

The aim of this paper is to outline the NDA National Graduate Programme (nuclear graduates). The NDA has a remit under the Energy Act (2004) &apos;to maintain and develop the skills for decommissioning and nuclear clean-up&apos;. Although current research is now being reviewed, there is significant evidence to suggest that the age profile in the Site Licence Companies is skewed towards older workers and there is likely to be a skill shortage in 3-5 years. As nuclear clean-up is a national issue; skill shortages also become a national issue in a very real sense. In addition, evidence suggests that the industry needs to be constantly challenged in order to achieve its targets for decommissioning. The NDA has a unique position under the Act. It is both a strategic overseer and direct employer. To this end the &apos;National Graduate Programme&apos; is aligned to both the NDA&apos;s previous succession plans and the needs of the industry. Industry needs leadership that challenges the status quo and moves the UK nuclear industry to become best in class; Industry needs a dedicated to programme to address skills shortages and difficult to recruit areas such as, but not exclusively, estimators, schedulers, contract managers, site engineers, decommissioning technicians, safety monitors; The NDA has indicated a &apos;commercial and politically savvy&apos; cohort is required to meet its own internal challenges and to ensure sustainability in its own workforce, and to be sensitive to the needs of customers and suppliers alike; Need to create a more diversified workforce in the nuclear industry and also plan for new skills evolving from research and development breakthroughs; Need to ensure that Tier 1, 2, 3 and 4 contractors invest in the leadership and skills for the future. World Class - delivery will be benchmarked against UK based multinational companies who operate in a global graduate attraction and development marketplace. The graduates targeted will be from leading

Thermodynamic data for predicting concentrations of Th(IV), U(IV), Np(IV), and Pu(IV) in geologic environments

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rai, Dhanpat; Roa, Linfeng; Weger, H.T.; Felmy, A.R. [Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) (United States); Choppin, G.R. [Florida State University (United States); Yui, Mikazu [Waste Isolation Research Division, Tokai Works, Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Inst., Tokai, Ibaraki (Japan)

1999-01-01

This report provides thermodynamic data for predicting concentrations of Th(IV), U(IV), Np(IV), and Pu(IV) in geologic environments, and contributes to an integration of the JNC chemical thermodynamic database, JNC-TDB (previously PNC-TDB), for the performance analysis of geological isolation system for high-level radioactive wastes. Thermodynamic data for the formation of complexes or compounds with hydroxide, chloride, fluoride, carbonate, nitrate, sulfate and phosphate are discussed in this report. Where data for specific actinide(IV) species was lacking, the data were selected based on chemical analogy to other tetravalent actinides. In this study, the Pitzer ion-interaction model is used to extrapolate thermodynamic constants to zero ionic strength at 25degC. (author)

Sequence-based Methods in Human Microbial Ecology: A The 2nd HumanGenome Comes of Age

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Weng, Li; Rubin, Edward M.; Bristow, James

2005-06-01

Ecologists studying microbial life in the environment have recognized the enormous complexity of microbial diversity for more than a decade (Whitman et al. 1998). The development of a variety of culture-independent methods, many of them coupled with high-throughput DNA sequencing, has allowed this diversity to be explored in ever greater detail (Handelsman 2004; Harris et al. 2004; Hugenholtz et al. 1998; Moreira and Lopez-Garcia 2002; Rappe and Giovannoni 2003). Despite the widespread application of these new techniques to the characterization of uncultivated microbes and microbial communities in the environment, their application to human health and disease has lagged behind. Because these techniques now allow not only cataloging of microbial diversity, but also insight into microbial functions, it is time for clinical microbiologists to apply these tools to the microbial communities that abound on and within us, in what has been aptly called &apos;&apos;the second Human Genome Project&apos;&apos; (Relman and Falkow 2001). In this review we will discuss the sequence-based methods for microbial analysis that are currently available and their application to identify novel human pathogens, improve diagnosis and treatment of known infectious diseases, and finally to advance understanding of our relationship with microbial communities that normally reside in and on the human body.

Vendors woo South Africa as a potential new &apos;powerhouse&apos; for nuclear

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shepherd, John [nuclear24, London (United Kingdom)

2014-04-15

South Africa is a country which is increasingly seen as a potential new nuclear market that promises to give one or more of the world&apos;s major nuclear vendors an important foothold on the continent. South Africa has two pressurised water reactors operating at the Koeberg nuclear plant. The 930-megawatt (MW) first unit entered commercial operation in July 1984, followed by the second (900 MW) unit in November 1985. These are the only commercial nuclear power plants on the continent of Africa. South Africa&apos;s updated draft integrated resources plan (IRP) for electricity for 2010-30, for which a public consultation period ended in February of this year, included revised projections. that suggested no new nuclear baseload capacity would be needed &apos;until after 2025&apos;. A capacity &apos;at least 6,600 MW less&apos; is required in terms of reliable overall generating capacity in 2030. However great South Africa&apos;s demand for a clean, affordable and reliable supply of nuclear-generated electricity, coupled with the economic benefits such developments will bring, investors also understand the potential for nuclear growth in this part of the world. (orig.)

Digital subtraction angiography in patients with Marfan&apos;s syndrome

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rauber, K.; Riemann, H.

1987-06-01

Marfan&apos;s syndrome is a rare inborn error of metabolism. Marfan patients are prone to aneurysms of the ascending aorta and run a high risk of rupture of the aortic arch. The diameter of the aneurysm is the most important predictor of the risk and therefore the leading point for surgical interventions. IV and IA-DSA according to our experiences are simple and effective methods in pre- and postoperative evaluation of patients with the syndrome.

"Experience Is Our Great and Only Teacher": A Peircean Reading of Wim Wenders&apos; "Wings of Desire"

Science.gov (United States)

Strand, Torill

2014-01-01

Wim Wenders&apos; film "Wings of Desire" tells the story of an angel who wishes to become mortal in order to know the simple joy of human life. Told from the angel&apos;s point of view, the film is shot in black and white. But at the very instant the angel perceives the realities of human experience, the film blossoms into colour. In…

Improvement in remote sensing of low vegetation cover in arid regions by correcting vegetation indices for soil &apos;'noise'&apos;

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Escadafal, R.; Huete, A.

1991-01-01

The variations of near-infrared red reflectance ratios of ten aridic soil samples were correlated with a &apos;&apos;redness index&apos;&apos; computed from red and green spectral bands. These variations have been shown to limit the performances of vegetation indices (NDVI and SAVI) in discriminating low vegetation covers. The redness index is used to adjust for this &apos;&apos;soil noise&apos;&apos;. Dala simulated for vegetation densities of 5 to 15% cover showed that the sensitivity of the corrected vegetation indices was significantly improved. Specifically, the &apos;'noise-corrected'&apos; SAVI was able to assess vegetation amounts with an error four times smaller than the uncorrected NDVI. These promising results should lead to a significant improvement in assessing biomass in arid lands from remotely sensed data. (author) [fr

Adenovirus-mediated sphingomyelin synthase 2 increases atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE KO mice

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zhao Yarui

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Sphingomyelin synthase 2 (SMS2 contributes to de novo sphingomyelin (SM biosynthesis. Its activity is related to SM levels in the plasma and the cell membrane. In this study, we investigated the possibility of a direct relationship between SMS and atherosclerosis. Methods The Adenovirus containing SMS2 gene was given into 10-week ApoE KO C57BL/6J mice by femoral intravenous injection. In the control group, the Adenovirus containing GFP was given. To confirm this model, we took both mRNA level examination (RT-PCR and protein level examination (SMS activity assay. Result We generated recombinant adenovirus vectors containing either human SMS2 cDNA (AdV-SMS2 or GFP cDNA (AdV-GFP. On day six after intravenous infusion of 2 × 1011 particle numbers into ten-week-old apoE KO mice, AdV-SMS2 treatment significantly increased liver SMS2 mRNA levels and SMS activity (by 2.7-fold, 2.3-fold, p Conclusions Our results present direct morphological evidence for the pro-atherogenic capabilities of SMS2. SMS2 could be a potential target for treating atherosclerosis.

From the &apos;PCR&apos; function to the &apos;PCR&apos; profession; de la fonction &apos;PCR&apos; au metier &apos;PCR&apos;

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Perrin, L. [CERAP, 91 - Gif sur Yvette (France)

2008-07-01

After having recalled the legal context concerning the appointment and training of a radiation protection expert (PCR for &apos;personne competente en radioprotection&apos;), the author outlines that the PCR&apos;s role has notably evolved: his function is now of primary importance in the company and his activity does not correspond to the legal framework any longer. Moreover, with the application of a European directive, some small establishments possessing ionizing radiation sources are disadvantaged, and the PCR is now facing an increasing number of missions and tasks. The author gives a list of them and assesses a needed time of 146 days per year: this means PCRs cannot have an other activity within their company

Shatavarins (containing Shatavarin IV) with anticancer activity from the roots of Asparagus racemosus

Science.gov (United States)

Mitra, Shankar K.; Prakash, Neswi S.; Sundaram, Ramachandran

2012-01-01

Objectives: The anticancer activity of shatavarins (containing shatavarin IV) isolated from the roots of Asparagus racemosus (Wild) was evaluated using in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Material and Methods: The shatavarin IV was isolated from ethyl acetate insoluble fraction (AR-2B) of chloroform:methanol (2:1) (AR-2) extract of A. racemosus roots. The cytotoxicity (in vitro) of shatavarin IV and other shatavarins rich fraction was carried out using of MTT assay using MCF-7 (human breast cancer), HT-29 (human colon adenocarcinoma), and A-498 (human kidney carcinoma) cell lines. The in vivo anticancer activity of shatavarins (containing shatavarin IV) was evaluated against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) tumor bearing mice. Results: The isolated shatavarin IV (84.69 %) along with shatavarins rich fraction, coded AR-2B containing 5.05% shatavarin IV showed potent cytotoxicity. Oral administration of AR-2B to tumor bearing mice at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight for 10 days, showed significant reduction in percent increase in body weight, tumor volume, packed cell volume, viable tumor cell count, and increased non-viable cell count when compared to the untreated mice of the EAC control group. The restoration of hematological parameters towards normalcy was also observed. Conclusion: The result suggests that the shatavarins (containing shatavarin IV) rich fraction (AR-2B) exhibits significant anticancer activity in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models. PMID:23248403