Cerebral arterio-venous malformations at Edgardo Rebagliati Martins Nacional Hospital

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Rabanal, Jorge

2014-01-01

A review of 50 cases with cerebral arterio.venous malformations (AVM) treated since Junly 1988 through December 1992 in the Neurosurgery Service from Edgardo Rebagliati Martins National Hospital was done. Clinical records, surgical techniques and pre- and post-operative studies were evaluted by retrospective analysis. The more important results were the frecuency of presentations in male patients from the coast, the clinical onset with intracraneal hemorrhage, the operative technique of drain...

Association of Central Obesity and Waist/Hip Circumference With Dislipidemia

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Husnah Husnah

2018-01-01

Dislipidemia is a lipid metabolic disorder which marked by raised of total cholestrol ratio, LDL, and Trigliserida also reduction HDL ratio.  Dislipidemia is risk factor of coronary heart disease, arterio sklerosis, acute miokard infark, Diabetes Melitis, Hipertension, and Chronic Kidney Disease. The aim of this study is knowing the association of central obesity and RLPP with dislipidemia in interna policlinic patient at RSUD Meuraxa. The design of the study is analytic observational with cr...

Angiografía cerebral y muerte encefálica

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Angel J Lacerda Gallardo

1997-08-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo se realizó como parte de un protocolo de estudio, el cual fue aplicado a 57 pacientes atendidos por el servicio de Neurocirugía del Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico "Manuel Ascunce Domenech" de Camagüey, durante el período comprendido entre enero de 1993 y diciembre de 1994. Se realizaron estudios angiográficos a 50 pacientes (87,72 %, de los que se obtuvieron 55 angiogramas cerebrales. En 49 exámenes (89 %, se observó ausencia de flujo sanguíneo cerebral con distintos tipos de patrones vasculares, en la arteria carótida interna extra e intracraneal, lo cual confirma su utilidad en el diagnóstico de la muerte encefálica (ME. En 3 pacientes, con craniectomías osteoclásticas de más de 5 cm, no se demostró ausencia de flujo sanguíneo cerebral, a pesar del estado clínico de ME. No aparecieron complicaciones durante este proceder, gracias a la cuidadosa técnica utilizada. Los patrones vasculares demostrados sugieren realizar un estudio más detallado donde se compare esta imagen con el parámetro presión intracraneal (PIC elevadaThis work was carried out as a part of a study protocol which was applied to 57 patients treated at the Neurosurgical Servicie of "Manuel Ascunce Domenech" Clinicosurgical Hospital, Camagüey during January, 1993 and December, 1994. Angiographic studies were performed to 50 patients (87.72 % from which 55 cerebral angiograms were obtained. In 49 examinations (89 % absenece of brain blood flow was observed with different types of vascular patterns in the extra and intracraneal inner carotid artery proving its usefulness for the diagnosis of brain death. In 3 patients with osteoclastic cranioctomies greater than 5 cm, the absence of cerebral blood flow was not proved despite the clinical status of brain death. No complications were observed during the procedure thanks to the so careful technique that was used. Vascular patterns evidenced suggest that it is necessary to perform a more detailed study to

Hemostasia del desarrollo : nuevos mecanismos de regulación de la reactividad plaquetaria en neonatos

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Caparrós Pérez, Eva

2017-01-01

Las alteraciones en la reactividad plaquetaria se han asociado con el desarrollo de procesos trombóticos y hemorrágicos. Los neonatos, especialmente los pretérmino, tienen mayor incidencia de hemorragia intracraneal (HIC) que cualquier otro grupo de edad y, aunque su patogenia es multifactorial, la hiporreactividad de sus plaquetas podría ser un factor contribuyente. Los mecanismos genéticos y moleculares que subyacen a la hiporreactividad de las plaquetas neonatales están pobremente caracter...

Hiperaldosteronismo primario y otras formas de hipertension arterial endocrina

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Cristian A. Carvajal

2016-10-01

Full Text Available La hipertensión arterial (HTA dependiente de mineralocorticoides representa actualmente una de las formas secundarias de hipertensión de mayor prevalencia. Entre las causas más prevalentes está el hiperaldosteronismo primario (HAP cuya prevalencia es cercana al 10% de la población de hipertensos. El HAP se detecta principalmente por una elevación de la razón aldosterona a actividad renina plasmática (ARR, ya que la hipokalemia es infrecuente de encontrar. La fisiopatología del HAP se presenta como un desequilibrio en el control electrolítico a nivel renal, por mayor actividad del receptor mineralocorticoides (MR, lo cual aumenta el volumen intravascular y la presión arterial. Recientemente se ha demostrado también que el exceso de aldosterona afecta también el endotelio vascular, el tejido cardiaco entre otros. Este exceso puede ser por una alteración a nivel de la glándula suprarrenal (generalmente hiperplasia o adenoma o formas genéticas (familiares. Por otra parte, alteraciones parciales o totales de la enzima 11β-Hidroxiesteroide deshidrogenasa tipo 2 (11β-HSD2 resulta en una metabolización total o parcial de cortisol, imitando los efectos de aldosterona sobre MR. La actividad de esta enzima se evalúa midiendo la razón cortisol a cortisona en suero por HPLC-MS/MS. La prevalencia de alteraciones parciales de la actividad de la enzima 11β-HSD2 en estudios de cohorte alcanza en alrededor del 15% en población hipertensa. El diagnóstico del HAP o deficiencias de 11BHSD2, permitiría un tratamiento específico del cuadro hipertensivo mediantes el uso de bloqueadores del receptor mineralocorticoideo y/o uso de corticoides de acción prolongada sin actividad mineralocorticoidea como dexametasona o betametasona.

Influencia de la edad y la menopausia en el origen de la Dehiscencia del Canal Semicircular Superior

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Fernández Castaño, Carmen

2014-01-01

145 p. : il., col. La dehiscencia del canal semicircular superior (DCSS) es una forma de vestibulopatía periférica caracterizada por la ausencia de cobertura ósea en el techo de dicho canal, de este modo su luz interior queda anormalmente abierta al espacio intracraneal en contacto directo con la meninge que tapiza el suelo de la fosa media. Esta dehiscencia se limitaría a la cápsula ótica y no afectaría, aparentemente, al laberinto membranoso. Su presentación clínica es variable, siendo ...

The Effect of Working Conditions to the Health Status in Taxi and Bus Drivers in Canakkale, Turkey; Community Based Study

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Aysegul Uludag

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Aim: The growing taxi and bus driver workforce is at risk for poor health status, obesity, hypertension, metabolic syndrome and with increased risk for cardiovascular disease. We aimed to determine the relationship between working conditions and health status in taxi and bus drivers. Material and Method: This study is a descriptive study. The population of the study was taxi and bus drivers in central of Canakkale. There were total 250 taxi and bus drivers who registered in The Chamber of Canakkale Drivers and Vehicle. We reached the 70 taxi drivers and 93 bus drivers. The participants were visited at their workplace. We performed the questionnaire that include the socio-demografic features, habits, the working conditions. We evaluated the blood pressure, waist-hip measurements and capillary blood glucose at any time. Results: Total of the 163 men drivers were enrolled the study. Nine (12.9% taxi drivers and 6 (6.5% bus drivers were hipertensive, and 1 taxi driver and 2 bus drivers with random capillary blood glucose levels higher than 200 mg. The prevalence of hypertension was 9.2%, diabetes mellitus was 1.8, obesity was 49.4%. Discussion: Drivers have many risk factors for CVD like stress and immobility. In our study, the socio-demografic and working conditions are limited for explaining the risk for hipertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity in drivers in Canakkale. These study have to be done in metropolitan cities. In this aspect, the drivers can be evaluated in their own living spaces and working conditions.

Intracranical calcification in siblings with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: CT and MRI

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tohyama, J.; Inagaki, M.; Koeda, T.; Ohno, K.; Takeshita, K.

1993-01-01

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were used to examine three male siblings with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI). The two elder brothers had varying degrees of unusual intracranial calcification; the eldest also showed involvement of the cerebral white matter on MRI. The severity of intracranial calcification was related to the time before initiation of treatment and inversely to mental ability. Brain damage and mental retardation in NDI may be caused by a delay in initiating treatment; early detection and treatment are important to prevent brain damage. (orig.)

Disfunción cognitiva en la hidrocefalia crónica del adulto. Aportaciones de la neuropsicología en la toma de decisiones clínicas

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Solana Díaz, Elizabeth

2011-01-01

Descripció del recurs: el 01 setembre 2012 La hidrocefalia crónica del adulto idiopática (HCAi) consiste en un síndrome clínico en que los pacientes muestran una alteración de la marcha, incontinencia de esfínteres y un deterioro cognitivo acompañado de una dilatación ventricular objetivable en pruebas de neuroimagen. En estos pacientes, la presión intracraneal (PIC) presenta valores normales cuando se valora a través de una punción lumbar (PL). La HCAi constituye hasta el 10% de las causa...

Enfermedad por depósito de cristales de pirofosfato cálcico en la articulación temporomandibular con extensión intracraneal: A propósito de un caso Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease of the temporomandibular joint with intracranial extension: A case report

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I. Zubillaga Rodríguez

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Introducción: La articulación temporomandibular (ATM humana es un conjunto de estructuras que permite la relación anatómica y funcional entre el hueso temporal y la mandíbula. Los síntomas y signos asociados a los procesos neoplásicos-seudotumorales de la ATM son similares a los asociados a los trastornos temporomandibulares. Caso clínico: Presentamos un nuevo caso clínico de enfermedad por depósito de cristales de pirofosfato cálcico deshidratado (EDCPCD con afectación de la ATM e invasión intracraneal. Se trata de una artropatía microcristalina que comparte características clínicas con la condromatosis sinovial. Se exponen los aspectos claves relativos al diagnóstico y el tratamiento de dicha patología. Discusión: Los tumores que más frecuentemente afectan la ATM son las metástasis de tumores malignos. Entre las lesiones tumorales-seudotumorales que se originan directamente de la membrana sinovial se encuentran la condromatosis sinovial, la sinovitis villo-nodular, el sarcoma sinovial, la gota tofácea y la EDCPCD. Esta última es relativamente común en edades avanzadas, particularmente en la rodilla. El análisis de los cristales es esencial para establecer un diagnóstico de certeza. El tratamiento es eminentemente quirúrgico. Conclusiones: La EDCPCD en la ATM es extremadamente rara. Las masas tumorales que surgen como tumores primarios en la ATM representan un problema diagnóstico desafiante. La variada presentación de estas lesiones a menudo enmascara la patología de base y conlleva su retraso en el diagnóstico.Introduction: The human temporomandibular joint (TMJ is the structural complex that supports the functional and anatomic relations between the temporal bone and mandible. Symptoms and signs related to neoplastic or pseudotumoral disease of this joint are similar to the symptoms associated with temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Case report: We report a new case of calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease

GAMBARAN KUALITAS HIDUP LANSIA DENGAN HIPERTENSI DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS RENDANG PADA PERIODE 27 FEBRUARI SAMPAI 14 MARET 2015

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Sri Santiya Anbarasan

2015-09-01

Full Text Available OUTLOOK ON QUALITY OF LIFE OF ELDERLY WITH HYPERTENSION IN PUSKESMAS RENDANG AREA DURING PERIOD 27 FEBRUARY TO 14 MARCH 2015 ABSTRACT Background: Hipertension is one of the biggest health problem faced in the world, especially in developing countries. According to data from Bali Province Health Service, patients suffering from hipertension in Bali in 2010 accounts to 8837 people. Whereas total visit of elderly with hypertension in 2013 sums up to 1354, which is 9,41% from total cases that visited Puskesmas Rendang in 2013. High number of hypertension cases especially in elderly affects their quality of life. Aim: To know the quality of life of elderly suffering from hypertension. Method: The type of study is descriptive quantitative. Study was conducted in elderly posyandu in Puskesmas Rendang, Karangasem district during period of 27 February till 14 March 2015. Sample was obtained through consecutive sampling technique with a total sample of 60 people. Instrument used in the form of questionnaire which was created by WHO that is World Health Organization Quality Of Life – Bref (WHOQOL-BREF. Data analysis technique used was univariate analysis and bivariate analysis. Result: Quality of life of elderly is generally good (58.3%, physical health quality of elderly is bad (71.7%, psychological quality is good (61.7%, personal social quality is not too influential (50.0%, and environment quality is bad (73.3%. Conclusion: Quality of life in elderly with hypertension is generally good, only physical health quality and environment quality is bad. Keywords: Hypertension, Quality of life, Elderly, World Health Organization Quality Of Life – Bref (WHOQOL-BREF

Papiloma de los plexos coroideos

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Ivón Aimé Sánchez Monterrey

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Los papilomas de los plexos coroideos son tumores infrecuentes de origen neuroectodérmico, que representan menos del 5 % del total de los tumores del sistema nervioso central en pediatría. La clínica suele estar provocada por el aumento de presión intracraneal debido a la hidrocefalia, con la que habitualmente cursan. La cirugía es curativa, con un porcentaje de supervivencia de casi el 100 % a los 5 años y ocasionales recurrencias. Se presenta el caso de un recién nacido con diagnóstico de papiloma de los plexos coroideos y evolución favorable.

[Should blood pressure goals be changed in hypertension treatment?

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Camafort-Babkowski, M

2017-01-01

Which have to be the most suitable goal for blood pressure has been an object of a debate since the publication of different guidelines of managing of arterial hypertension. Later to the publication of the last guides, the results of the SPRINT study have been known. SPRINT analyzes the differences in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality of different systolic blood pressure goals. The above mentioned study shows that a reduction to 121 mmHg in SBP is better than a SBP Hipertension-Liga Española para la Lucha de la Hipertensión Arterial (SEH-LELHA). Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

[What are the pharmacological options for treating resistant hypertension?

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Martell-Claros, N; Abad-Cardiel, M

2017-01-01

When treating a patient with resistant hypertension therapy should be optimize in order to prescribe three antihypertensive drugs at full doses, being powerful drugs, having 24-hour coverage, and showing synergistic effects. Diuretic therapy is of special relevance. The fourth drug should be an aldosterone antagonists. In the case of intolerance, or when control is not achieved, drugs from other type of antihypertensive drugs should be, sometimes allowing adequate blood pressure control. Copyright © 2017 Sociedad Española de Hipertension-Liga Española para la Lucha de la Hipertensión Arterial (SEH-LELHA). Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Evaluation of intracranial hemorrhage with high field MR Imaging (1. 5T)

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Campodonico, F; Brienza, G; Cotroneo, E; Fabbrini, G

1989-01-01

Fifty-two patients were studied with high-field Magnetic Resonance imaging (1.5T), with T1- and T2-weighted spin-echo pulse sequences. The study was aimed at assessing the efficacy of MR imaging in the evaluation of intracranical hematomas. Characteristic intensity patterns were observed in the evolution of the hematomas, were observed. In 35 sub-acute hematomas, peripheral hyperintensity could be observed on T1- and T2. weighted pulse sequences. This hyper intensity eventually fills in the hematoma in the chronic stage. In 17 chronic hematomas, a peripheral hypointense ring due to hemosidering deposits was seen on T1- and T2- weighted scans. The authors conclude that high field MR imaging is a very sensible diagnostic method in the evaluation of sub-acute and chronic hematomas. 18 refs.

HIPERTENSION EN EL PERSONAL ADMINISTRATIVO DE UNA UNIVERSIDAD PÚBLICA DE HUANUCO, 2009

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Jarvis Raraz Vidal

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: La hipertensión arterial (HTA disminuye la calidad de vida y la supervivencia de la población, constituyéndose en una enfermedad importante para la salud pública. El objetivo fue determinar la prevalencia de la hipertensión arterial y los factores relacionados en personal administrativo de una universidad pública. Métodos: El diseño fue transversal, prospectivo y observacional. Muestreo probabilístico, constituido por una muestra de 110 individuos. Empleo de encuesta y toma de presión arterial. Se describe los factores relacionados al diagnóstico de HTA. Se utilizó criterio de JNC VII. Se estableció asociación estadística (p<0.05 con Chi2 para variables cualitativas y t-Student para cuantitativas. Se empleó SPSS. Resultados: La prevalencia de HTA fue 10% [IC95% (5,1; 17,2]. Promedio de edad fue 46,8 (+9,6 años. Hubieron 52,7% varones. El 4,3% fueron obesos. Dislipidemias 9%. La media IMC fue 25,5 (+3,7 kg/m2, media de cintura abdominal fue 82,3 (+10 cm, PA sistólica fue 109 (+13,5 mmHg y PA diastólica fue 72,6 (+8,7 mmHg. En análisis bivariado se encontró asociación estadística con edad (≥55años [p=0,010; OR=5,7(IC95% 1,6; 21,2] Conclusión: La prevalencia de HTA fue de 10% [IC95% (5,1; 17,2]. La edad (≥55 años fue un factor relacionado a HTA. La hipertensión sistólica fue predominante.

[DESCRIPTION OF A RETROPERITONEAL ACCESS ROUTE TO THE VESSELS OF THE SPLEEN FOR SPLENORENAL ARTERIAL AND VENOUS ANASTOMOSIS].

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Gil-Vernet Vila, José María

2014-01-01

To perform arterial or venous spleno-renal anastomoses, surgeons have so far systematically used the transperitoneal way whic is burdened by a high mortality an morbility percentage. On the basis of anatomo-surgical considerations, a retroperitoneal approach has been found reaching the hilus of the spleen via the lumbar region; the first arterial spleno-renal anastomosis by this way was performed in 1972 and the first venous spleno-renal anastomosis due to portal hipertension also by this way was performed in 1974, the alter proving to be the least aggresive by avoiding damaging the páncreas, the most surgical and direct for reaching the splenic vessels thereby enabling a better exposure and an easier performing of the anastomoses. By being retroperitoneal, the loss or infección of the ascitic liquid in the cirrhotic patient is prevented.

Diagnóstico de masas intracraneales primarias por medio imagenológicos Diagnosis of intracranial masses using imaging techniques

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Samael Suero Almonte

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y transversal que incluyó a los pacientes operados de neoplasia del sistema nervioso central intracraneal en el Hospital General Docente "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado " de la provincia Pinar del Río, durante el período comprendido desde el 1 de enero de 2010 hasta el 31 de diciembre del mismo año. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes egresados a los que se les había realizado tomografía computarizada o resonancia magnética y poseían diagnóstico histológico postoperatorio de neoplasia primaria del sistema nervioso central (SNC intracraneal. Se concluyó que las neoplasias primarias fueron más frecuentes en el sexo femenino y en grupo de edad de 70 años y más. Las localizaciones más frecuentes de las neoplasias primarias del sistema nervioso central fueron las masas intraaxiales y supratentoriales y el tipo histológico más prevalente fue el glioma. Todas se comportaron imagenológicamente captantes de contraste, con poca hemorragia y calcificación intermediamente con efecto de masa y hipointensas en T1 hiperintensas en T2.A descriptive, longitudinal and cross-sectional study including the patients operated on intracranial central nervous system neoplasm was carried out at "Abel Santamaria Cuadrado" University Hospital, Pinar del Rio during January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2010. All patients discharged from the hospital with Computerized Axial Tomography or Magnetic Resonance Imaging and having post-operative histological diagnosis of primary intracranial neoplasm of the central nervous system (CNS were included. Primary neoplasm was the most frequent in female sex and in the age-bracket of 70 years old or older. The most repeated localizations of primary neoplasm in the CNS were in intra-axial and supratentorial masses, glioma was the most prevailing histological type. Contrast examinations could be performed in all masses, presenting not much hemorrhage, with intermediate

EARLY TREATMENT OF CHILDREN WHIT INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES IN THE ADVISORY INSTITUTION FOR DEVELOPMENT IN BITOLA

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Liljana NAUMOVSKA

1998-09-01

Full Text Available In the period 1985-1995, 38 children with intracranal hemorrhages were treated in the Advisory Institution for Development in Bitola.Out of them:· or 44.7% were no consequences;· or 18.4% were with mute paresis;· or 36.8% were with cerebral paralysesTreatment in the Advisory Institution commences on the 15 day or within the first month of the child at the most. By using the Gunzberg defektology method the organization of the psycho-motor coordination, speech and knowledge functions are assessed. This diagnosis is necessary in order to begin with an early neuropsyhiatric habilitation treatment.Our Advisory Institution uses the method of conscious development synthesis which requires maximum involvement of the parent in the habilitation, rehabilitation and reeducation treatment.Parents are motivated and educated to participate through frequent visits to Advisory Institution by a defectologist-somatopead.

Computed tomography of retinoblastoma

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Lindahl, S.

Retinoblastoma is the most common primary malignant intraocular tumor in children. The clinical features are leucocoria and/or strabismus. The ophthalmic diagnosis is straight forward in clear eye media with a white gray mass in the fundus. With opaque ocular media, other diagnostic procedures such as CT and ultrasonography are important. In the present study the results of CT examinations of 23 patients with histologically proven retinoblastomas are presented. The mean age of the patients was two years. The characteristic CT finding is a partly calcified intravitreous mass lesion mostly confined within the eyeball. Two cases showed retrobulbar extension and two intracranical tumor extension. No metastasis was found in the brain, liver, spleen, long bones, chest or skull. The radiologic screening procedures for retinoblastoma metastasis are discussed. In patients suspected to have a retinoblastoma, it is recommended to perform CT of the orbits and brain in order to detect the tumor and its possible retrobulbar and intracranial extension.

Encefalopatia hipertensiva seudotumoral

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Ignacio de Gispert Cruz

1952-03-01

Full Text Available Se describe con el nombre de encefalopatia hipertensiva seudotumoral aquellos casos en que la hipertensión arterial maligna origina un cuadro de hipertensión endocraneal que puede ir asociado a signos focales cerebrales simulando un proceso expansivo intracraneal. Se considera a la encefalopatia hipertensiva seudotumoral como una complicación relativamente frecuente de la hipertensión maligna arterial primitiva aunque también puede ser provocada a consecuencia de otros procesos causantes de hipertensión arterial (endocrinos, renales, vasculares, etc. Se describen algunas observaciones de encefalopatia hipertensiva en que se planteó el diagnostico diferencial con un tumor cerebral. Los signos clinicos focales (sindrome de Foster-Kennedy, sintomas cerebelosos, etc. aumentaron en algunos casos las dificultades diagnósticas. Se señala la importancia de los exámenes complementarios especialmente de la arteriografia cerebral y neumoencefalografia que han permitido casi siempre evitar errores diagnósticos.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: A case report

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Kostić Dejan

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES is characterized by the following symptoms: seizures, impaired consciousness and/or vision, vomiting, nausea, and focal neurological signs. Diagnostic imaging includes examination by magnetic resonance (MR and computed tomography (CT, where brain edema is visualized bi-laterally and symmetrically, predominantly posteriorly, parietally, and occipitally. Case report. We presented a 73-year-old patient with the years-long medical history of hipertension and renal insufficiency, who developed PRES with the symptomatology of the rear cranium. CT and MR verified changes in the white matter involving all lobes on both sides of the brain. After a two-week treatment (antihypertensive, hypolipemic and rehydration therapy clinical improvement with no complications occurred, with complete resolution of changes in the white matter observed on CT and MR. Conclusion. PRES is a reversible syndrome in which the symptoms withdraw after several days to several weeks if early diagnosis is made and appropriate treatment started without delay.

Avaliação crítica da cirurgia na hipertensão portal esquistossômica Critical evaluation of surgical treatment of schistosomotic portal hypertension

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Salomão Kelner

1992-01-01

Full Text Available There are over 100.000 patients affected by schistosomotic portal hipertension, that may suffer rupture of the esophageal varices. Besides the portal hypertension, local factors must be emphazised as responsible for the three distal centimeters of the esophagus, called "zona vulnerável" (vulnerable zone. The beter liver functional reserve of these schistosomotic patients as compared to the cirrhotic, present two favorable condititions: (1 beter possibility of conservative treatment during acute hemorrhage; (2 elective surgical treatment may be undergo without a mandatory step of large portal descompression. The Author only indicate surgical treatment in patients with hemorrhage antecedence and his preference consist in splenectomy plus obliterative suture of the varices at the "vulnerable zone" and when possible, ligature of left gastric vein also; 358 patients were undergone surgery with operative mortality 3.07%, 347 were followed during 1 to 25 years; late mortality 8.38%; recurrence hemorrage 11.58%; none porto-sustemic encephalopaty was observed.

Computed tomography of retinoblastoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lindahl, S.

1986-01-01

Retinoblastoma is the most common primary malignant intraocular tumor in children. The clinical features are leucocoria and/or strabismus. The ophthalmic diagnosis is straight forward in clear eye media with a white gray mass in the fundus. With opaque ocular media, other diagnostic procedures such as CT and ultrasonography are important. In the present study the results of CT examinations of 23 patients with histologically proven retinoblastomas are presented. The mean age of the patients was two years. The characteristic CT finding is a partly calcified intravitreous mass lesion mostly confined within the eyeball. Two cases showed retrobulbar extension and two intracranical tumor extension. No metastasis was found in the brain, liver, spleen, long bones, chest or skull. The radiologic screening procedures for retinoblastoma metastasis are discussed. In patients suspected to have a retinoblastoma, it is recommended to perform CT of the orbits and brain in order to detect the tumor and its possible retrobulbar and intracranial extension. (orig.)

MRI angiography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Poncelet, B.; Baleriiaux, D.; struyven, J.; Segebarth, C.

1989-01-01

In MRI angiography two basis images are measured which only differ by the signal intensity of the flowing blood in the vessels. Subtraction of these two images produces a high contrast-to-noise representation of the vessels. Contrast between stationary tissues and flowing blood is changed, for one image compared to the second one, using a selective modification of the phase of the signal from the flowing blood, and/or using a selective modification of its longitudinal magnetization: The macroscopic spin motions along the selection and the measurement gradient directions affect the phase of the nuclear signal; assuming constant velocity, the phase is proportional to the velocity and to the first moment of the gradient waveforms applied. This work concentrates on the generarion of MRI angiograms, following a phase-based approach, of the carotid bifurcation and of different intracranical regions including the carotid syphon and the circle of Willis. (author). 21 refs.; 3 figs

Perivesical varices and portal hypertension: imaging study; Varices perivesiculares e hipertension postal. Estudio por imagen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mallorquin Jimenez, F; Medina Benitez, A; Lopez Machado, E; Pardo Moreno, M D; Garrido Moreno, C; Pastor Rull, J [Servicio de Radiodiagnostico, Hospital General de Especialidades Virgen de la Nieve, Granada (Spain)

1995-07-01

Nine patients with portal hypertension syndrome and Perivesical varices are studied retrospectively by means of imaging techniques including ultrasound, duplex Doppler, color Doppler, CT and angiography. All the patients presented portal thrombosis and thickening of the bladder wall. These collaterals either represent a shunting of hepato pedal flow or correspond to blood stasis associated with said syndrome. Ultrasound, whether involving duplex Doppler or color Doppler techniques, is highly useful to detect the presence of Perivesical varices which appear as tubular or rounded hypo echogenic areas in the bladder wall. Given the association of this entity with bladder wall thickening, it should be taken into account in any clinical situation involving said change, especially in patients with portal hypertension; moreover knowledge of its presence is of great importance when the possibility of creating shunts by means of interventional or surgical vascular procedures or other types of abdominal procedures are being considered because of the risk of bleeding. (Author)

Rol de la Prostaciclina y sus derivados en el tratamiento de la hipertension arterial pulmonar

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j. O. Caneva

2003-06-01

Full Text Available La hipertensión arterial pulmonar (HTP es definida como un grupo de enfermedades caracterizadas por un aumento progresivo de la resistencia vascular pulmonar que conduce a fallo ventricular derecho y muerte. Se ha demostrado en pacientes con HTP y en modelos experimentales una desregulación en la vía metabólica de la prostaciclina. Recientemente, la terapia continua endovenosa con prostaciclina (epoprostenol ha demostrado mejorar los síntomas y el pronóstico en los pacientes con clase funcional III y IV de la New York Heart Association (NYHA, con diferentes tipos de HTP. Sin embargo, la administración de epoprostenol requiere métodos invasivos con un catéter endovenoso permanente y está asociado a varios efectos colaterales y potencialmente a complicaciones serias. Se están considerando en la actualidad otros tratamientos con prostaciclina, utilizando análogos estables de la misma administrados por inhalación (iloprost, en forma subcutánea (treprostinil o por vía oral (beraprost. En los últimos años, diferentes estudios internacionales, multicéntricos, doble ciego, han demostrado la eficacia de esos análogos estables en HTP comparados con la terapia convencional, prometiendo un futuro mejor para estos pacientes.Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH is defined as a group of diseases characterised by a progressive increase of pulmonary vascular resistance leading to right ventricular failure and death. A dysregulation of prostacyclin metabolic pathways has been demonstrated in patients with PAH and in experimental models. Recently, therapy with continuous intravenous prostacyclin (epoprostenol has been shown to improve symptoms and prognosis in New York Heart Association (NYHA functional class III and IV patients with different types of PAH. However, epoprostenol administration requires invasive methods with a permanent intravenous catheter and is associated with several side effects and potentially serious complications. Other modes of prostacyclin therapies are being considered using stable prostacyclin analogues administered by inhalation (iloprost, subcutaneously (treprostinil or orally (beraprost. Over the last years, different multicenter international double-blind trials have demonstrated the efficacy of those novel prostacyclin analogues in PAH compared to conventional therapy promising a better future for these patients.

Pansinusitis y afectación intracraneal por implante dental Pansinusitis and intracranial impact of a dental implant

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Josep Rubio-Palau

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Las sinusitis odontógenas son una patología relativamente frecuente causada por infecciones dentales, quistes periapicales así como tras procedimientos bucodentales como una endodoncia, una elevación sinusal o la colocación de un implante. A continuación se presenta un caso extremo de una pansinusitis derecha con fistulización a espacio epidural causada por un implante osteointegrado. Ante la sospecha de una sinusitis maxilar de origen odontogénico se debe iniciar rápidamente un tratamiento antibiótico correcto y un seguimiento estrecho ya que pueden tener consecuencias fatales como la pérdida de un ojo, abscesos cerebrales o incluso la muerte.Odontogenic sinusitis is a relatively common disease caused by dental infections, periapical cysts and oral procedures such as root canal, sinus lift or implant placement. We report an extreme case of a right pansinusitis with an epidural space fistula caused by osseointegrated implants. When maxillary sinusitis of odontogenic origin is suspected, we should quickly start effective antibiotic treatment and monitor the patient closely because odontogenic sinusitis can have serious consequences, such as the loss of an eye, brain abscess or death.

HIPNORELAKSASI BERPENGARUH TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA PENYANDANG HIPERTENSI PRIMER

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Vera Listiana

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Background:Hypertension isa serious problemdue to itshighprevalence. Hypertension might becaused by life style changessuch as smoking, obesity, physical inactivityandpsychosocial stress. Almost 90% ofhypertensionprevalence is primary hipertension, with not-known causes. Hypertension can be treated withpharmacology and non-pharmacology approach. One of the applicable non-pharmacoogy methods ishypnorelaxation. Hypnorelaxationeffectsonthe relaxation of the mindby producingendorphinthrough brainwave conversion. Suqsequently,blood pressure in patiens with hypertensionwill decrease.Objective:This study aimed toexaminethe influence of hypnorelaxation onthereduction blood pressure inpatientswith primary hypertension in Pedukuhan VI Sonosewu Ngestiharjo Kasihan Bantul Yogyakarta.Methods:The methodsused in this study was quasy experimental with pre-andpost-test in control groupdesign. The subject was the patient with primary hypertension whose age 45-59 and 23 sampel wereinvolved. The data collection was carried out through observation sheet, recording voice of hypnorelaxationand measurement ofblood pressure.Results:There was a significant difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure changes betweenintervention and control group.Conclusion:The study showed that there was influence of hypnorelaxation on blood pressure reduction inprimary hypertension patients

Desvascularización preoperatoria de tumor del glomus mediante colocación de stent cubierto en la carótida externa

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Sergio A. Garrido

2010-01-01

Full Text Available RESUMENLos tumores del glomus carotídeo se caracterizan por su vascularización importante y sumanejo preoperatorio puede incluir la embolización percutánea previa a la resección quirúrgica.Esta técnica disminuye la hemorragia y el tamaño del tumor y hace menos riesgosala disección, con reducción de la morbimortalidad. Una técnica alternativa es la interrupciónde la irrigación del tumor mediante la colocación de un stent cubierto en la carótidaexterna, que es la vía principal de irrigación. Esta técnica es útil en especial en tumoresgrandes y evita el riesgo de embolia intracraneal cuando se emplean coils para realizar laembolización. En esta presentación se describe el caso de una paciente de 31 años tratadade esta manera; se le colocó el stent y 24 horas después se realizó la resección del tumor.REV ARGENT CARDIOL 2010;78:252-254.

[TIPS

Science.gov (United States)

Brazzini, Augusto; Carrillo, Alvaro; Cantella, Raúl

1998-01-01

Esophageal hemorrage due to variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients represents a serious problem for the physician in charge, especially in this country where liver transplants are inexistent; and also, it is a drama for the patient and its familly. We propose here the Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS). Twenty one patients were part of a study where 23 TIPS were placed, observing an immediate improval in 18 of them, a rebleeding in 2, within the first 24 and 48 hours. An embolization of the coronary veins was performed in the procedure in 15 patients, and a second intervention due to rebleeding in 2 of them. In the latter patients, the embolization of the coronary veins was rutinary.The survival of the patients has been outstanding.We conclude that this interventional procedure is a worldwide reality in the treatment of esophageal hemorrage by variceal bleeding due to portal hipertension, and it does not cut down the probability of liver transplant, unfortunately inexistent in our country. This procedure results in a low morbimortality with an adequate quality of life.

Magnetoencephalographic localization of peritumoral temporal epileptic focus previous surgical resection.

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Amo, Carlos; Saldaña, Cristóbal; Hidalgo, Mercedes González; Maestú, Fernando; Fernández, Alberto; Arrazola, Juan; Ortiz, Tomás

2003-01-01

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is suggested as a localizing technique of epileptogenic areas in drug-resistant seizure patients due to intracraneal lesions. A male 42-year-old patient who begins at 26 with partial complex drug-resistant seizures is put forward. MRI shows a 9 mm diameter lesion located in left superior temporal gyrus which seems compatible with cavernoma. Both conventional and sleep deprivation EEGs have proved normal. Sleep EEG shows sharp waves in left temporal region. MEG helps to localize interictal spike and spike-wave activity, as well as wide slow wave (2-7 Hz) activity areas. Craniotomy under analgesia and aware sedation conditions is carried out. Intrasurgery cortical electric stimulation assisted by neuronavigator causes a limited partial complex seizure which the patient recognizes to be exactly like his. Thus, MEG localization of the epileptogenic area is confirmed. Surgical resection of both the lesion and the epileptogenic area is carried out. The patient remains free from seizures 9 months after surgery. A control MEG study reveals no epileptogenic nor slow wave activity. in this particular case, MEG has proven to be a useful presurgical evaluation technique to localize epileptogenic activity, validated by intrasurgical cortical stimulation.

Isolated splenic calcifications in two patients with portal hypertension; Calcificaciones esplenicas aisladas en dos pacientes con hipertension portal

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Aleixandre, A; Cugat, A [Hospital de la Malvarrosa. Valencia (Spain); Ruiz, A; Marti-Bonmati, L [Hosptial Universitario Dr. Peset. Valencia (Spain); Tardaguila, F [Clinica Provisa. Vigo (Spain)

2002-07-01

Calcification of the walls of the veins of the portal hypertension (PHT) (1-0), is uncommon. Calcification of the intra splenic vessels is exceptional. We report two cases of isolated calcification of intra splenic vessels, without calcification of the splenoportal venous axis, in patients with liver cirrhosis and PHT. The calcification was not clear. Computed tomography identified the calcification as linear tubular, branched structures located in the wall of intra splenic vessels. magnetic resonance imaging disclosed signs of cirrhosis and PHT but did not show the splenic classifications because of technical limitations. The cause of these calcifications was sustained PHT due to chronic liver disease. (Author) 15 refs.

LEPTIN AND OBESITY – NEUROENDOCRINE , METABOLIC AND ATHEROGENIC EFFECTS OF LEPTIN

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Mišo Šabovič

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Background. Leptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone that was recently discovered. Leptin and leptin resistance play an important role in the pathogenesis of obesity. Leptin acts by binding to specific receptors in the hypothalamus to alter the expression of several neuropeptides that regulate food intake and energy expenditure. As commonly found, obese persons have leptin resistance and consequently attenuated effects of leptin. Mechanism underlying leptin resistance has not been explained yet: it might be the result of a receptor or post receptor defect, impaired transport of leptin through cerebrovascular barrier or inactivation of leptin by binding proteins. Phase I and II clinical trials proved that recombinant leptin administration to humans is safe. First results of the current phase III clinical trials demonstrated that leptin is moderately effective in the treatment of obesity.Conclusions. Beside anti-obesity effect, leptin can have important metabolic and neuroendocrine effects. It is involved in glucose metabolism and insulin secretion, pathogenesis of polymetabolic syndrome, diabetes and arterial hypertension. In addition it affects some processes of atherothrombosis. It interacts with and significantly influences hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal, thyroid, sexual glands and growth hormone axes. Explaining the mechanism of leptin resistance could be important for understanding the pathogenesis of obesity and associated pathologic states as polymetabolic syndrom, diabetes, arterial hipertension and atherothrombosis.

Malformaciones Cerebrales Congénitas. Pronóstico Inesperado

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Tomás Omar Zamora Bastidas

2013-09-01

Full Text Available La Hemihidranencefalia es una enfermedad congénita cerebral grave y relativamente rara caracterizada por la ausencia unilateral completa o casi total de la corteza cerebral dentro de un cráneo normal con preservación de estructuras como las meninges, ganglios basales, cerebelo, protuberancia, bulbo raquídeo y la hoz cerebral. Los hemisferios cerebrales inicialmente toman la forma normal y luego se plantea que más tarde se da una destrucción cortical por un grave proceso encefaloclástico, en particular por una lesión focal hipóxico-isquémica, lo cual lleva a que el lugar que ocupaba el tejido destruido sea sustituido en gran parte por espacios llenos de líquido cefalorraquídeo que se asemeja a un gran quiste intracraneal. Se presentan dos casos clínicos, el primero con una hemihidranancefalia derecha con un pronóstico desfavorable desde el momento del diagnóstico, no obstante actualmente ha alcanzado un desarrollo cognitivo que rebasa las expectativas para su condición; El segundo caso es un paciente con hidranencefalia global, éste no alcanzó un desarrollo cognitivo aceptable, pero contradijo el pronóstico y tiempo de vida acorde con su grave malformación.

[Pressure sores secondary to immobilization with cervical collar: a complication of acute cervical injury].

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Molano Alvarez, Esteban; Murillo Pérez, María del Ara; Salobral Villegas, María Teresa; Domínguez Caballero, Mireia; Cuenca Solanas, Manuela; García Fuentes, Carlos

2004-01-01

Cervical collars are essential in the treatment of patients with suspicion or verification of acute cervical spine injury (ACSI). One of the complications of these devices is the development of pressure scores (PS). This study aims to determine its incidence in our unit, the characteristics of patients with ACSI who suffer PS due to the collar and to describe aspects related with these injuries. We include 92 patients with ACSI hospitalized more than 24 hours from January 2002 to December 2003. We analyze demographic variables, incidence, risk factors and characteristics of the PS that develop. The incidence of these lesions was 23.9%. Patients with PS presented: a higher injury severity score (ISS) (37.5 9.8 vs. 31.3 14.9), a greater percentage of catheter carriers of intracraneal pressure (ICP) (55.6% vs. 16.2%), longer time of mechanical ventilation (15.4 8.2 vs. 6.1 9) and longer stays (24.6 10.9 vs. 10 10.3), all statistically significant (pACSI, elevated ISS, monitoring of ICP, mechanical ventilation and prolonged stays is required. The occipital zone requires special attention due to the seriousness of the injuries recorded. We suggest a specific multidisciplinary protocol for this problem.

Association of Central Obesity and Waist/Hip Circumference With Dislipidemia

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Husnah Husnah

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Dislipidemia is a lipid metabolic disorder which marked by raised of total cholestrol ratio, LDL, and Trigliserida also reduction HDL ratio.  Dislipidemia is risk factor of coronary heart disease, arterio sklerosis, acute miokard infark, Diabetes Melitis, Hipertension, and Chronic Kidney Disease. The aim of this study is knowing the association of central obesity and RLPP with dislipidemia in interna policlinic patient at RSUD Meuraxa. The design of the study is analytic observational with cross sectional approach. Sampling was conduct with purposive sampling with 64 samples. Rate the central obesity and RLPP with measurement while dislipidemia gained from patients registration book formed in laboratorium result. The result was based on age the biggest portion was more than 45 years old (78,1 % , women more dominant (70,35 % with central obesity (76,6% and high RLPP (85,5%. High cholestrol 56,3 %, high LDL 78,1%, high Trigliserida 59,4 and low HDL 62,5%. The result of spearman correlation there was association between of central obesity with dislipidemia P = 0,046 and and RLPP with dislipidemia P = 0.029. We can conclude that there was association between central obesity and RLPP with Dislipidemia. Key words : Dislipidemia, Central Obesity, Waist/Hip Circumference, RLPP

Secuestro pulmonar una infrecuente causa de hipertension pulmonar persistente en el recién nacido reporte de un caso

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Lupo Méndez

2017-01-01

Full Text Available La hipertensión pulmonar persistente del recién nacido ( HPPRN es una entidad frecuente en las unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatales ( UCIN , sin embargo, algunas de sus causas pasan desapercibidas, debido a su baja frecuencia y poca asociación con esta patología. A propósito de un caso en nuestra UCIN , en un neonato a término que presentó HPPRN secundario a una malformación pulmonar, raramente asociada con esta patología en este grupo etareo, ya que se encontró mayor disposición a factores propios del nacimiento, y noxas maternas. El paciente presentó dificultad respiratoria horas después de su nacimiento, con evolución y persistencia de su sintomatología, por lo que se necesitó de diversos medios diagnósticos para establecer su etiología. Es importante destacar que el primer ecocardiograma doppler no mostró ninguna alteración anatómica o funcional, reportado normal; con posterior empeoramiento clínico del neonato, por lo que se ordenó un control ecocardiografico, y se evidenció una presión pulmonar estimada de 71 mmHg; se continuó el estudio etiológico con imágenes complemen - tarias, en esta caso una tomografía de tórax contrastada, y finalmente fue corroborado con un cateterismo cardiaco, lo cual permitió a su vez, manejo terapéutico y corrección de anomalía estructural de vasos pulmonares.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and collagen vascular diseases - high resolution CT findings; Pneumopatias intersticiais difusas idiopaticas e associadas a colagenoses - aspectos da tomografia computadorizada de alta resolucao

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Ferreira Neto, Armando Leao; Mogami, Roberto [Universidade do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Centro Biomedico. Inst. de Radiologia; Marchiori, Edson [Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, RJ (Brazil). Inst. Biomedico. Dept. de Radiologia; Capone, Domenico [Universidade Estadual, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Dept. de Penumologia

1996-09-01

The aspects of the thorax high-resolution computed tomography of 15 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and 11 patients with collagen vascular diseases are described and characterized mainly by the presence of reticular lesions with little cysts predominantly in the periphery and lower lobes. They may be associated with ground-glass lesions that, as usual, means areas of alveolitis. (author) 31 refs., 5 figs.

Factores asociados al control de la hipertension arterial en personas mayores de 60 años en España

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Rafael Tuesca-Molina

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: En la última década se ha observado una mejora en el control de la hipertensión arterial en España. Dicho control repercute en la disminución de la morbimortalidad cardiovascular. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar los factores asociados al control de la hipertensión arterial en varones y mujeres hipertensos diagnosticados que reciben tratamiento farmacológico. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado a partir de los datos del estudio: «Hipertensión arterial y otros factores de riesgo en la población de 60 años y más de España». La muestra, incluyó a 1.461 hipertensos diagnosticados tratados farmacológicamente, seleccionados por muestreo probabilístico y polietápico. La información se obtuvo por entrevista en el domicilio sobre el control de la hipertensión arterial, variables sociodemográficas, estilo de vida, uso de servicios de salud y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud. Resultados: No se observaron diferencias de genero en el control de la hipertensión (p=0,09. El control en varones se relaciona con residir en área rural (OR=1,83; IC al 95%: 1,06-3,14; ser soltero (OR=3,40; IC al 95%: 1,32-8,74 y realizar actividad física (OR=1,69; IC al 95%:1,06-2,69. Las mujeres que consumen alcohol de forma moderada controlan mejor la hipertensión (OR=1,63; IC al 95% 1,14-2,33. Conclusiones: Esta investigación determina según el género algunos factores relacionados con el control de la hipertensión en hipertensos diagnosticados y tratados farmacológicamente. En varones, el control se asoció significativamente con: residir en área rural, ser soltero y realizar alguna actividad física. Mientras, que en las mujeres el control se asoció con consumir alcohol de forma moderada.

GAMBARAN EPIDEMIOLOGI KEJADIAN PREEKLAMPSIA/EKLAMPSIA DI RSU PKU MUHAMMADIYAH YOGYAKARTA TAHUN 2007–2009

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Sitti Nur Djannah

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Background: Preeclampsia and eclampsia is a complication in pregnancies and deliveries which increased mother and fetal morbidity and motality rate. The high incidence and large amount of risk factors caused poor prognostic. Early diagnosis and treatment is very important to be done mother and fetal mortality rate. The purpose of this research was to investigate epidemiology description of preeclampsia/eclampsia in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital in Yogyakarta from 2007–2009 years. Methods: This research used qualitatif method trough cross sextional approach. Secondery data of 118 were drawn as the sample. Result: During 2007–2009 there were 118 cases (3.9% of preeclampsia/eclampsia from total deliveries (3036 deliveries, patient of eclampsia were more (83.9% than low preeclampsia, most of age group that was in the group 20–30 years old (64.4%, had primigravida parity ( 69.5%, frequency of antenatal care < 4 kali (76.3%, did not have hipertension history (83.9%, mount the education which is many (39.8% is public high school, unemployed (63.5%. Conclusion: Cases of preeclampsia/eclampsia from 2007–2009 years is 3.9%, age of mother 20–30 years old 64.4%, had primigravida parity 69.5%, frequency of antenatal care < 4 kali 76.3%, the education is public high school 39.8% and unemployed 63.5%. Key word: epidemiology, preeclampsia/eclampsia, descriptive analysis

[Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring for hypertension diagnosis?

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Gijón Conde, T; Banegas, J R

2017-01-01

The early and accurate diagnosis of hypertension is essential given its importance in the development of cardiovascular disease. The boundaries between normal blood pressure (BP) and hypertension are arbitrary and based on the benefits of treating exceeding those of not treating. Conventional BP measurement at the clinic only offers information of a particular time and presents multiple biases dependent on inherent variability of BP and measurement technique itself. Multiple studies have demonstrated the prognosis superiority in the development of cardiovascular disease of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), allows detection of white coat hypertension, avoiding overdiagnosis and overtreatment, and the detection of patients with masked hypertension who are at risk of underdetection and undertreatment. ABPM also assess nightime BP and circadian variability, providing additional prognostic value. ABPM is recognized in the diagnosis of hypertension in 2011 British NICE Guidelines, very argued at the 2013 European Society of Hypertension guidelines, and recommended in the US Preventive Services Task Force in 2015, 2016 Canadian Guidelines and the 2016 Spanish Program of Preventive Activities and Health Promotion (PAPPS). Its generalization is likely to be only a matter of time. Copyright © 2017 Sociedad Española de Hipertension-Liga Española para la Lucha de la Hipertensión Arterial (SEH-LELHA). Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Studies on atrophy of the brain in chronic alcoholics examined by CT scan

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shinoda, Keiichi; Kimura, Fumiharu; Kawamura, Hiroshi; Takenaka, Masazumi; Mozai, Toshiji

1983-01-01

A study of atrophy of the brain using CT scan was performed in 113 patients with chronic alcoholism who had history of alcohol abuse over 150 grams in average as amount of absolute ethanol for more than ten years. They had no focal cerebral lesions such as infarction, hemorrhage or tumor, nor clinical neurological deficits. Prominent enlagement of cortical sulci and lateral ventricles was found in chronic alcoholics when compared with age-matched controls. The most remarkable change among 6 indices in all age group was enlargement of cortical sulci. The ratio of lateral ventricle area to intracranical area was more significantly increased compared with the widening of the lateral ventricle determined as a distance between two tips of bilateral frontal horns or intercaudate distance. Forty-eight of 96 patients in whom EEG was examined, showed abnormalities such as dominant slow background activities and sporadic slow bursts, which were found more frequently (25/38, 66%) in patients over 50 years of age. No correlation was found between the occurrence of EEG abnormalities and cerebral atrophy or between the degree of cerebral atrophy and the severity of hepatic dysfunction. It is concluded from our study that atrophy of the brain in chronic alcoholics may be clearly estimated by CT planimetry of the ratio of lateral ventricle area to intracranial area. (J.P.N.)

Studies on atrophy of the brain in chronic alcoholics examined by CT scan

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Shinoda, Keiichi; Kimura, Fumiharu; Kawamura, Hiroshi; Takenaka, Masazumi; Mozai, Toshiji (Osaka Medical Coll., Takatsuki (Japan))

1983-09-01

A study of atrophy of the brain using CT scan was performed in 113 patients with chronic alcoholism who had history of alcohol abuse over 150 grams in average as amount of absolute ethanol for more than ten years. They had no focal cerebral lesions such as infarction, hemorrhage or tumor, nor clinical neurological deficits. Prominent enlargement of cortical sulci and lateral ventricles was found in chronic alcoholics when compared with age-matched controls. The most remarkable change among 6 indices in all age group was enlargement of cortical sulci. The ratio of lateral ventricle area to intracranical area was more significantly increased compared with the widening of the lateral ventricle determined as a distance between two tips of bilateral frontal horns or intercaudate distance. Forty-eight of 96 patients in whom EEG was examined, showed abnormalities such as dominant slow background activities and sporadic slow bursts, which were found more frequently (25/38, 66%) in patients over 50 years of age. No correlation was found between the occurrence of EEG abnormalities and cerebral atrophy or between the degree of cerebral atrophy and the severity of hepatic dysfunction. It is concluded from our study that atrophy of the brain in chronic alcoholics may be clearly estimated by CT planimetry of the ratio of lateral ventricle area to intracranial area.

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension syndrome: magnetic resonance findings in two patients; Sindrome de hipotension intracraneal espontanea: hallazgos en resonancia magnetica en dos pacientes

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Ortega, R.; Pastor, J.; Escamilla, F.; Romero, M. I. [Hospital de Traumatologia y Reabilitacion. Granada (Spain)

1999-07-01

The postural headache syndrome associated with a decrease in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure is generally secondary to the CSF leakage that usually occurs after diagnostic lumbar puncture. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension can not be attributed to any known cause or previous diagnostic or therapeutic intervention. The syndrome is characterized by severe headache that is relieved by lying supine. During lumbar puncture, the CSF pressure is normally low. We present two patients in whom gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed widespread thickening and enhancement of the dura mater and subdural fluid collections. (Author) 13 refs.

RENOVASCULAR HYPERTENSION DUE TO RENAL ARTERY STENOSIS IN KLIPPEL-FEIL SYNDROME

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Foyaca-Sibat H. MD.

2003-01-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT We report one patient with Klippel-Feil (KFS syndrome, other associated anomalies, uncontrolled arterial hypertension, and renal artery stenosis. Because this patient underwent for surgical revascularization with unsuccessful result, all proposed way of treatments are revised, and we have hypothesized that probably for patients with KFS and unilateral renal artery stenosis, medical treatment with ACE inhibitors can provide more benefits than surgical revascularization or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. We considered that those patients should be manage by a team of medical doctors being aware of their common associated anomalies, identifying all of them when it is possible then, making an integral evaluation of the each individual situation for establishing their medical priorities in order, and then address its treatments accordingly. If at this stage any surgical treatment is required, is important to bring those problems to the anesthesiologist’s attention for a very careful manipulation of the neck and head during induction of anesthesia. The final results will be strongly related with the capacity of management of the underlying cardio-respiratory, renal, skeletal, urogenital, and nervous system problems. . We also propose the term of Klippel-Feil syndrome "Plus" for those patients with cervical vertebral fusion and many other associated deformities rather than to add new eponyms to the long list that already exist. _____________ RESUMEN: HIPERTENSION RENOVASCULAR DEBIDO A ESTENOSIS DE LA ARTERIA RENAL EN EL SÍNDROME DE KLIPPEL-FEIL Reportamos un paciente afectado por un syndrome de Klippel-Feil, otras anormalias congenitas, hipertension arterial incontrolada y una estenosis unilateral de la arteria renal. Este paciente fue sometido a un tratamiento quirÚrgico de la estenosis de la arteria renal, cuyos resultados fueron no satisfactorios por lo que revisamos todas las alternativas de tratamiento para la estenosis

Absceso intramedular en paciente con enfermedad de Rendu-Osler-Weber Spinal abscess in a patient with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia

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Lorena V Maldonado

2007-12-01

Full Text Available La enfermedad de Rendu-Osler-Weber es una enfermedad autosómica dominante que se manifiesta por telangiectasias en piel y mucosas y malformaciones arteriovenosas en diversos órganos. El compromiso neurológico puede ocurrir por la presencia de malformaciones arterio-venosas cerebrales, hemorragia intracraneal, y más habitualmente por accidentes cerebrovasculares isquémicos y abscesos cerebrales secundarios a embolia paradojal, en pacientes con malformaciones arteriovenosas pulmonares. El absceso intramedular es una entidad rara, inusual como complicación de la enfermedad de Rendu-Osler-Weber. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 56 años de edad, con antecedentes familiares de enfermedad de Rendu-Osler- Weber, que ingresó a Terapia Intensiva con cuadriplejia aguda e hipoxemia, en quien se diagnosticó fístulas arteriovenosas pulmonares y un absceso intramedular cervical.Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by multiple skin and mucosal telangiectasis and multiorgan arteriovenous malformations. Neurological manifestations may occur because of cerebral arteriovenous malformations, intracranial hemorrhage, and most commonly by ischemic stroke and brain abscess secondary to paradoxical embolization in patients with pulmonary arteriovenous malformations. Intramedullary abscess is a rare, unusual condition, in Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome. We report the case of a 56 years old woman, with a familial history of Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome, admitted to intensive care with acute quadriplegia and hypoxemia. Our diagnosis was pulmonary arteriovenous malformations and intramedullary abscess.

Catalase inhibition in the Arcuate nucleus blocks ethanol effects on the locomotor activity of rats.

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Sanchis-Segura, Carles; Correa, Mercé; Miquel, Marta; Aragon, Carlos M G

2005-03-07

Previous studies have demonstrated that there is a bidirectional modulation of ethanol-induced locomotion produced by drugs that regulate brain catalase activity. In the present study we have assessed the effect in rats of intraperitoneal, intraventricular or intracraneal administration of the catalase inhibitor sodium azide in the locomotor changes observed after ethanol (1 g/kg) administration. Our results show that sodium azide prevents the effects of ethanol in rats locomotion not only when sodium azide was systemically administered but also when it was intraventricularly injected, then confirming that the interaction between catalase and ethanol takes place in Central Nervous System (CNS). Even more interestingly, the same results were observed when sodium azide administration was restricted to the hypothalamic Arcuate nucleus (ARC), a brain region which has one of the highest levels of expression of catalase. Therefore, the results of the present study not only confirm a role for brain catalase in the mediation of ethanol-induced locomotor changes in rodents but also point to the ARC as a major neuroanatomical location for this interaction. These results are in agreement with our reports showing that ethanol-induced locomotor changes are clearly dependent of the ARC integrity and, especially of the POMc-synthesising neurons of this nucleus. According to these data we propose a model in which ethanol oxidation via catalase could produce acetaldehyde into the ARC and to promote a release of beta-endorphins that would activate opioid receptors to produce locomotion and other ethanol-induced neurobehavioural changes.

Aneurismas del complejo arteria cerebral anterior / arteria comunicante anterior: Resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico Aneurysms of the anterior cerebral artery-anterior communicating artery complex: Results of the surgical treatment

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Justo L González González

2006-03-01

Full Text Available Los aneurismas del complejo arteria cerebral anterior-arteria comunicante anterior figuran entre los más frecuentes de localización intracraneal y, debido a su variabilidad anatómica y características hemodinámicas, constituyen un reto especial para cualquier esfuerzo terapéutico. Con el objetivo de caracterizarlos y evaluar los resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico de estas lesiones, se estudian los pacientes operados en el Servicio de Neurocirugía del Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico «Hermanos Ameijeiras», entre enero de 1983 y agosto de 1998. Se observó que el 71,1 % de la muestra egresó en excelente estado; el 13,44 %, con secuelas mínimas; el 3,48 %, con secuelas graves y que la mortalidad fue del 11,53 %. Se concluye que estos aneurismas son más frecuentes en el sexo masculino, en la cuarta y quinta décadas de la vida (media de 39,9 años y que el tamaño crítico de ruptura se ubica mayoritariamente entre 6 mm y 11 mm. De igual forma se observó que la edad, el tamaño sacular, el vasoespasmo y la ruptura transoperatoria influyen sobre los resultados y que la influencia de estas dos últimas complicaciones es muy fuerte. El infarto cerebral isquémico fue la causa de muerte más frecuente

Barrera del desempeño laboral

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María Del Rosario Alvarez-Ramirez

2007-12-01

Full Text Available El estres es un hecho complejo en la vida de toda persona con efectos distintos en cada quien, que no puede ser evitada ya que en todos lo momentos de la vida se esta en riesgo de presentarlo ante cualquier situacion, o una actividad laboral o familiar, que puede llegar a generar cualquier cambio que represente estres. Los sucesos negativos, dario, enfermedad o muerte de un ser querido, son hechos estresantes, asi como los sucesos positivos; ascender en el trabajo trae consigo el estres del nuevo status, de nuevas responsabilidades. Dentro de los trastornos clinicos vinculados al estres hay alteraciones como: trastornos del sumo, ulceras, dolores de cabeza, aceleracion del ritmo cardiaco y otros trastornos como los cardiovasculares: palpitaciones, hipertension arterial, trastornos digestivos, dolores, ardores, vomitos, nauseas, diarrea o estreriimiento y trastornos cutaneos: donde se presenta transpiracion de manos y pies y problemas alergicos. En el estres se pueden llegar a presentar dos tipos de estres: el positivo y el negativo. Los cuales presentan unas caracteristicas muy particulares, como en el estres negativo: una persona se encuentra ante un nitmero creciente de demandas que le plantean dificultad o constituyen una amenaza, se debe mirar el modo de afrontarlas. En el Estres positivo se presenta cuando la percepcion de capacidad de demanda es mucho mas amplia que las verdaderas demandas. Un aspecto fundamental ante la presencia de estres es la practica necesaria de un deporte o la realizacion de actividades recreativas.

MRI findings of central nervous system granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Chang Man; Kim, Myung Soon; Kim, Ik Soo; Cho, Kwan Soo

1997-01-01

To characterize MRI findings of central nervous system (CNS) granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma) and to analyse the points which differentiate it from other CNS tumors. We evaluated MRI in six patients with CNS granulocytic sarcoma proven by surgery or bone marrow biopsy (intracranical, one case and spine five cases). A 0.5T superconductive MR machine was used for diagnosis and, axial, coronal and sagittal T1- and T2-weighted spin echo images and Gd-DTPA enhanced T1-weighted images were obtained. We retrospectively analized the location, signal intensity, margin, contrast enhancement and homogeneity, and bony change around the tumor. MRI findings of CNS granulocytic sarcomas were as follows : one tumor was seen to be an extra-axial mass in the posterior fossa of the brain, four were epidural, and one was an epidural and presacral masses in the spine;tumor magins were lobulated and three were smooth. On T1-weighted images, all tumors were of isoignal intensity;on T2-weighted images, four were of isosignal intersity and two were of high signal intensity. Contrast enhancement was inhomogeneous in five of six cases. Bony change around the tumor was seen in two cases. On T1-weighted images, CNS granulocytic sarcomas (chloromas) were of isosignal intensity, relative to brain parenchyma or spinal cord;on T2-weighted images, they were of iso or high signal intensity, with relative contrast enhancement. These points could be useful in differentiating them from other CNS tumors

Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension: Experience from a Single Center in Mexico.

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Al-Naamani, Nadine; Espitia H, Gaudalupe; Velazquez-Moreno, Hugo; Macuil-Chazaro, Benjamin; Serrano-Lopez, Arturo; Vega-Barrientos, Ricardo S; Hill, Nicholas S; Preston, Ioana R

2016-04-01

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is characterized by precapillary pulmonary hypertension secondary to vaso-occlusive pulmonary vasculopathy and is classified as Pulmonary Hypertension Group 4. The aim of this study is to report the clinical experience of CTEPH in Mexico. Consecutive patients diagnosed with CTEPH were identified from the Registro de Pacientes con Hipertension Pulmonar del Instituto de Seguridad y Servicio Social de los Trabajadores del Estado (REPHPISSSTE) registry between January 2009 and February 2014. Right heart catheterization was not routinely performed prior to August 2010 in the work-up of CTEPH. We identified 50 patients with CTEPH; their median age was 63 years and 58 % were female. Patients had multiple associated co-morbidities and moderate hemodynamic impairment. All patients were treated with anticoagulation. Despite surgical evaluation for pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA), only one patient underwent PEA given the lack of infrastructure for post-operative care and lack of insurance for this procedure. Most of the patients were treated with sildenafil, bosentan, or both, with increasing use of rivaroxaban and sildenafil in recent years. The overall survival of the cohort was similar to that reported in other international registries, despite the limitations of care imposed by drug availability and surgical feasibility. This is the first report on the CTEPH experience in Mexico. It highlights the similarity of patients in the REPHPISSSTE registry to those in international registries as well as the challenges that clinicians face in a resource-limited setting.

Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension: Experience from a Single Center in Mexico

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Al-Naamani, Nadine; Espitia H, Gaudalupe; Velazquez-Moreno, Hugo; Macuil-Chazaro, Benjamin; Serrano-Lopez, Arturo; Vega-Barrientos, Ricardo S.; Hill, Nicholas S.

2017-01-01

Introduction Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is characterized by precapillary pulmonary hypertension secondary to vaso-occlusive pulmonary vasculopathy and is classified as Pulmonary Hypertension Group 4. The aim of this study is to report the clinical experience of CTEPH in Mexico. Methods Consecutive patients diagnosed with CTEPH were identified from the Registro de Pacientes con Hipertension Pulmonar del Instituto de Seguridad y Servicio Social de los Trabajadores del Estado (REPHPISSSTE) registry between January 2009 and February 2014. Right heart catheterization was not routinely performed prior to August 2010 in the work-up of CTEPH. Results We identified 50 patients with CTEPH; their median age was 63 years and 58 % were female. Patients had multiple associated co-morbidities and moderate hemodynamic impairment. All patients were treated with anticoagulation. Despite surgical evaluation for pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA), only one patient underwent PEA given the lack of infrastructure for post-operative care and lack of insurance for this procedure. Most of the patients were treated with sildenafil, bosentan, or both, with increasing use of rivaroxaban and sildenafil in recent years. The overall survival of the cohort was similar to that reported in other international registries, despite the limitations of care imposed by drug availability and surgical feasibility. Conclusion This is the first report on the CTEPH experience in Mexico. It highlights the similarity of patients in the REPHPISSSTE registry to those in international registries as well as the challenges that clinicians face in a resource-limited setting. PMID:26748498

Estudo da síndrome de tração macular vítreo-retiniana idiopática por meio da tomografia de coerência óptica: relato de casos A study of idiophatic vitreomacular traction syndrome with optical coherence tomography images: cases report

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Hélio Paulo Primiano Júnior

2007-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Avaliar alterações estruturais observadas na síndrome de tração macular vítreo-retiniana idiopática (STMI pela tomografia de coerência óptica (OCT, antes e depois da vitrectomia; identificar situações em que a tomografia de coerência óptica fornece informações adicionais da morfologia e patogênese desta doença. MÉTODOS: Imagens tomográficas (OCT Stratus comparativas da estrutura vítreo-retiniana foram realizadas em quatro pacientes, em estágios variados da síndrome de tração macular vítreo-retiniana idiopática. RESULTADOS: A tomografia de coerência óptica Stratus apresenta imagens vítreo-retinianas que auxiliam na conduta e tratamento da síndrome de tração macular vítreo-retiniana idiopatica. CONCLUSÃO: O exame da tomografia de coerência óptica permite boa visualização da arquitetura morfológica do vítreo e da retina na síndrome de tração macular vítreo-retiniana idiopática. Este exame nos auxilia na compreensão da patogênese, no planejamento do tratamento, clínico ou cirúrgico, e na avaliação pós-operatória das alterações estruturais retinianas.PURPOSE: To evaluate the features of idiophatic vitreomacular traction syndrome (VMT with ocular coherence tomography (OCT - Stratus, before and after vitrectomy; to identify situations where ocular coherence tomography provides additional information on disease morphology and pathogenesis. METHODS: Comparative retinal ocular coherence tomography imaging was performed in four patients with different stages of vitreomacular traction syndrome. RESULTS: Standard-resolution ocular coherence tomography Stratus provides vitreous-retinal images that help the management and treatment of vitreomacular traction syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: Standard-resolution ocular coherence tomography allows good visualization of the architectural morphology of the vitreous and retina in vitreomacular traction syndrome. It helps understanding its pathogenesis, planning

CONOCIMIENTO, TRATAMIENTO Y CONTROL DE LA HIPERTENSION ARTERIAL EN LA POBLACIÓN DE 16 A 90 AÑOS DE LA COMUNITAT VALENCIANA, 2010

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Lourdes Zubeldia Lauzurica

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: La hipertensión arterial es un importante factor de riesgo en términos de mortalidad atribuible y el principal factor de riesgo cardiovascular modificable. El objetivo del estudio fue estimar el grado de conocimiento y control de la hipertensión e identificar los factores que influyen en la falta de control adecuado. Métodos: Estudio transversal de base poblacional en 413 hombres y 415 mujeres entre 16 y 90 años participantes en la Encuesta de Nutrición de la Comunitat Valenciana realizada en 2010. Para la toma de la presión arterial se utilizó esfigmomanómetro automático. La hipertensión fue definida según el criterio de 2007 de la Sociedad Europea de Hipertensión Arterial y la Sociedad Europea de Cardiología. Los datos sobre conocimiento y tratamiento fueron obtenidos de la encuesta. Los factores predictores del conocimiento, tratamiento y control de hipertensión se estimaron mediante modelos de regresión logística. Resultados: La prevalencia de hipertensión estimada para la población estudiada fue del 38,2% (IC 95% 34,9%-41,5%. El 51,4% (IC 95% 45,9%-57,0% de la población hipertensa conocía su condición. De estos el 88,8% (IC 95% 83,9%-93,6% recibía tratamiento farmacológico y de ellos el 45,1% (IC95% 36,9%-53,3% mantenía la presión arterial controlada. Conclusiones: Desde la última encuesta realizada en la Comunitat Valenciana, el grado de conocimiento del hipertenso no es mejor si bien se observa un incremento de las personas tratadas.

CBF tomograms with [/sup 99m/Tc-HM-PAO in patients with dementia (Alzheimer type and HIV) and Parkinson's disease--initial results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Costa, D.C.; Ell, P.J.; Burns, A.; Philpot, M.; Levy, R.

1988-01-01

We present preliminary data on the utility of functional brain imaging with [99mTc]-d,l-HM-PAO and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in the study of patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT), HIV-related dementia syndrome, and the on-off syndrome of Parkinson's disease. In comparison with a group of age-matched controls, the DAT patients revealed distinctive bilateral temporal and posterior parietal deficits, which correlate with detailed psychometric evaluation. Patients with amnesia as the main symptom (group A) showed bilateral mesial temporal lobe perfusion deficits (p less than 0.02). More severely affected patients (group B) with significant apraxia, aphasia, or agnosia exhibited patterns compatible with bilateral reduced perfusion in the posterior parietal cortex, as well as reduced perfusion to both temporal lobes, different from the patients of the control group (p less than 0.05). SPECT studies of HIV patients with no evidence of intracraneal space occupying pathology showed marked perfusion deficits. Patients with Parkinson's disease and the on-off syndrome studied during an on phase (under levodopa therapy) and on another occasion after withdrawal of levodopa (off) demonstrated a significant change in the uptake of [99mTc]-d,l-HM-PAO in the caudate nucleus (lower on off) and thalamus (higher on off). These findings justify the present interest in the functional evaluation of the brain of patients with dementia. [99mTc]-d,l-HM-PAO and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF)/SPECT appear useful and highlight individual disorders of flow in a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Hipertensi di Puskesmas Makrayu Kecamatan Ilir Barat II Palembang

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M Hasan Azhari

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi. Metode penelitian yang di gunakan deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan study Cross Sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 2816 pasien yang terdiagnosa Hipertensi di Puskesmas Makrayu dari bulan Januari - Desember 2010 dengan sampel penelitian sebanyak 112 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara umur (p value = 0,010, jenis kelamin p value = 0,026, keturunan (p value = 0,002, pekerjaan (p value = 0,006, olahraga (p value = 0,019 dengan kejadian hipertensi di Puskesmas Makrayu Kecamatan Ilir Barat II Palembang. Petugas kesehatan di Puskesmas Makrayu diharapkan dapat lebih meningkatkan promosi kesehatan atau penyuluhan kesehatan khususnya pada penderita hipertensi yang datang berobat. Kata kunci : Hipertensi, Faktor Resiko   Abstract: This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of hypertension. This research method used descriptive analytic with Cross Sectional study approach. The population of this study were 2816 patients diagnosed with hypertension at Makrayu Community Health Center from January to December 2010 with a sample of 112 respondents. The result showed that there was a relationship between age (p value = 0,010, gender (p value = 0,026, heredity (p value = 0,002, occupation (p value = 0,006, physical exercise (p value = 0,019 with hypertension At the Makrayu Community Health Center, District Ilir Barat II Palembang. Medical team are expected to increase health promotion or health counseling especially in hypertension patients who come for treatment at Makrayu Community Health Center.  Keywords: Hipertension, Risk Factor

Tectal glioblastoma Glioblastoma tetal

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Feres Chaddad Neto

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Brain stem gliomas are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms arising mostly in paediatric patients. Tectal plate gliomas represent a particular type of brain stem tumours usually with a benign, indolent clinical course, presenting with signs of raised intracranial hipertension due to supra-tentorialhydrocephalous caused by aqueductal stenosis. Seldom high-grade lesions arise in this location with tremendous therapeutic implications. When a malignant tumour is clinically and radiographically suspected a biopsy should be performed to obtain histhological confirmation. Treatment is then planned in a case-by-case basis. We present the case of a glioblastoma of the tectal plate in a 22 years-old woman operated upon by a supracerebellar-infratentorial approach.Os gliomas do tronco cerebral são um grupo heterogêneo de neoplasias que acometem habitualmente crianças. Os gliomas da placa quadrigeminal representam um tipo particular de tumores do tronco cerebral, habitualmente com um curso benigno e indolente, surgindo com sinais de hipertensão intracraniana devido a hidrocefalia supra-tentorial provocada por compressão do aqueduto cerebral. Raramente surgem lesões de alto grau nesta região, mas as implicações terapêuticas são tremendas. Quando existe suspeita clínica e imagiológica de que se trata de lesão maligna, esta deve ser biopsada para se obter confirmação histológica. O tratamento deve então ser planejado caso a caso. Apresentamos o caso de glioblastoma da placa quadrigeminal em uma paciente de 22 anos intervencionado por via supracerebelar-infratentorial.

CBF tomograms with (/sup 99m/Tc-HM-PAO in patients with dementia (Alzheimer type and HIV) and Parkinson's disease--initial results

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Costa, D.C.; Ell, P.J.; Burns, A.; Philpot, M.; Levy, R.

1988-12-01

We present preliminary data on the utility of functional brain imaging with (99mTc)-d,l-HM-PAO and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in the study of patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT), HIV-related dementia syndrome, and the on-off syndrome of Parkinson's disease. In comparison with a group of age-matched controls, the DAT patients revealed distinctive bilateral temporal and posterior parietal deficits, which correlate with detailed psychometric evaluation. Patients with amnesia as the main symptom (group A) showed bilateral mesial temporal lobe perfusion deficits (p less than 0.02). More severely affected patients (group B) with significant apraxia, aphasia, or agnosia exhibited patterns compatible with bilateral reduced perfusion in the posterior parietal cortex, as well as reduced perfusion to both temporal lobes, different from the patients of the control group (p less than 0.05). SPECT studies of HIV patients with no evidence of intracraneal space occupying pathology showed marked perfusion deficits. Patients with Parkinson's disease and the on-off syndrome studied during an on phase (under levodopa therapy) and on another occasion after withdrawal of levodopa (off) demonstrated a significant change in the uptake of (99mTc)-d,l-HM-PAO in the caudate nucleus (lower on off) and thalamus (higher on off). These findings justify the present interest in the functional evaluation of the brain of patients with dementia. (99mTc)-d,l-HM-PAO and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF)/SPECT appear useful and highlight individual disorders of flow in a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions.

Idiopathic transdural spinal cord herniation: a case report and review of the literature; Herniacion transdural idiopatica de la medula espainal. A proposito de un caso y revision de la bibliografia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lopez, M. C.; Rodriguez, D.; Martinez Cueto, P.; Martinez, R. [Complejo Hospitalario Xeral-Cies. Vigo (Spain)

2000-07-01

Idiopathic transdural herniation of the spinal cord is an uncommon entity that is usually associated with Brown-Sequard syndrome. This syndrome consists of ipsilateral and loss of contralateral pain and temperature sensitivity. The radiological findings (Computed tomography myelography and magnetic resonance imaging) are characteristics, with angulation and anterolateral displacement of the spinal cord. It typically affects middle-aged adults and requires surgical treatment. We report the case of a woman who presented the clinical symptoms of Brown-Sequard syndrome and the radiological signs associated with transdural spinal cord herniation. The correct diagnosis of this disease is important since surgical repair of the dural defect improves the neurological symptoms. (Author) 11 refs.

Cardiovascular risk reduction by reversing endothelial dysfunction: ARBs, ACE inhibitors,  or both? Expectations from The ONTARGET  Trial Programme

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Luis Miguel  Ruilope

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Luis Miguel  Ruilope1, Josep Redón2, Roland Schmieder31Servicio de Nefrologia, Unidad de Hipertension Hospital, 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinico University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; 3Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat, Erlangen-Nurnberg, GermanyAbstract: Endothelial dysfunction is the initial pathophysiological step in a progression of vascular damage that leads to overt cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease. Angiotensin II, the primary agent of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS, has a central role in endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, RAS blockade with an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB and/or angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE inhibitor provides a rational approach to reverse endothelial dysfunction, reduce microalbuminuria, and, thus, improves cardiovascular and renal prognosis. ARBs and ACE inhibitors act at different points in the RAS pathway and recent evidence suggests that there are differences regarding their effects on endothelial dysfunction. In addition to blood pressure lowering, studies have shown that ARBs reduce target-organ damage, including improvements in endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, the progression of renal dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes, proteinuria, and left ventricular hypertrophy. The ONgoing Telmisartan Alone in combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial (ONTARGET Programme is expected to provide the ultimate evidence of whether improved endothelial func tion translates into reduced cardiovascular and renal events in high-risk patients, and to assess possible differential outcomes with telmisartan, the ACE inhibitor ramipril, or a combination of both (dual RAS blockade. Completion of ONTARGET is expected in 2008. Keywords: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, angiotensin receptor blocker, endothelial dysfunction, ONTARGET, renin–angiotensin system, telmisartan

Alteraciones oftalmológicas durante el embarazo

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Yoriel Cuan Aguilar

Full Text Available Los trastornos oftalmológicos son muy comunes durante el embarazo. Se realiza la presente revisión con el objetivo de documentar las variadas condiciones oculares que podrían aparecer durante la gestación o se podrían modificar por esta, lo que conllevaría estar bien atentos sobre las gestantes que aquejan trastornos visuales. Durante el período de gestación las mujeres se exponen a variados cambios tanto a nivel sistémico como ocular. A partir de algunos de estos cambios, el embarazo origina alteraciones a nivel ocular, los cuales son la mayoría de las veces transitorias, aunque en ocasiones pueden establecerse de forma permanente. Los efectos oculares del embarazo pueden ser fisiológicos, patológicos o pueden ocasionar modificaciones de condiciones prexistentes. De esta manera, pueden observarse en este período cambios a nivel de los párpados, la córnea, el cristalino, la presión intraocular, el campo visual, entre otros. También exacerbaciones de patologías como retinopatía diabética, enfermedad de Grave y retinitis por toxoplasma, así como complicaciones provocadas por el propio embarazo como preclampsia-eclampsia, desprendimiento de retina seroso, ceguera cortical, síndrome de HELLP, retinopatía serosa central, etcétera. Se relacionan además alteraciones neuroftalmológicas y complicaciones oftálmicas en relación con el parto, como trombosis del seno venoso, adenoma pituitario, hipertensión intracraneal benigna, neuritis óptica, así como retinopatía y síndrome de Sheehan.

Healthcare resource use, comorbidity, treatment and clinical outcomes for patients with primary intracranial tumors: a Swedish population-based register study.

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Bergqvist, Jenny; Iderberg, Hanna; Mesterton, Johan; Bengtsson, Nils; Wettermark, Björn; Henriksson, Roger

2017-03-01

Primary intracranial tumors are relatively uncommon and heterogeneous, which make them challenging to study. We coupled data from unique Swedish population-based registries in order to deeper analyze the most common intracranical tumor types. Patient characteristics (e.g. comorbidities), care process measures like adherence to national guidelines, healthcare resource use and clinical outcome was evaluated. A register-based study including several population-based registries for all patients living in Stockholm-Gotland, diagnosed with primary intracranial tumor between 2001 and 2013 was performed. Patient characteristics were captured and investigated in relation to survival, healthcare resource use (inpatient-, outpatient- and primary care) and treatment process. High-grade glioma and meningioma were the most common tumor types and most patients (76%) were above the age of 40 in the patient population (n = 3664). Older age, comorbidity (Elixhauser comorbidity index) and type of tumor (high-grade glioma) were associated with lower survival rate and increased use of healthcare resources, analyzed for patients living in Stockholm (n = 3031). The analyses of healthcare use and survival showed no differences between males and females, when stratifying by tumor types. Healthcare processes were not always consistent with existing national treatment recommendations for patients with high-grade gliomas (n = 474) with regard to specified lead times, analyzed in the Swedish Brain Tumor Registry, as also observed at the national level. Age, comorbidity and high-grade gliomas, but not sex, were associated with decreased survival and increased use of healthcare resources. Fewer patients than aimed for in national guidelines received care according to specified lead times. The analysis of comprehensive population-based register data can be used to improve future care processes and outcomes.

Caracterização e etiologia da insuficiência renal crônica em unidade de nefrologia do interior do Estado de São Paulo Caracterización y etiología de la insuficiencia renal crónica en unidad de nefrología del interior del Estado de São Paulo Characterization and etiology of the chronic renal failure in a countryside nephrology unit of São Paulo State

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Rita de Cássia Helú Mendonça Ribeiro

2008-01-01

,4% de los pacientes poseen Hipertensión Arterial Sistémica (HAS, el 24,9% no poseen comorbidades, el 19,8% HAS y DM. En relación al tipo de acceso vascular el 70,5% poseen fístula arteriovenosa, siendo la utilización del cateter de Tenckhoff exclusivo de la diálisis peritoneal en el 13,3%. CONCLUSIÓN: los resultados permiten una mejor planificación frente a las necesidades reales de los pacientes.OBJECTIVES: Characterize the pacients with chronic renal failure (CRF in dialythical program; verify the causes of the CRF; identify the associated diseases to CRF; measure the type of treatment and the actual access of the pacients to them. METHODS: This is a epidemiological descriptive research performed in a nephrology unit, and all pacients registered in the Nefro Data program were included. RESULTS: Of the group of 217 patients registered in the studied unit, 68,2% have age of 40 or greater and 59,4% are male. Regarding the base disease, 31,3% of the pacients have Hipertensive Nephrosclerosis, 25,3% have Diabetes Mellitus (DM and 24,5% have Glomerulonephritis. Regarding the associated diseases, 42,4% of the pacients have Systemic Arterial Hipertension (SAH 24,9% don't have comorbities, 19,8% have both SAH and DM. Regarding the type of vascular acess, 70,5% have arteriovenous fistula, being the utilization of the Tenckhoff catheter exclusive of peritoneal dialysis in 13,3% of the studied cases. CONCLUSION: The results allow a better planning with regard to the patients real needs.

Tratamiento Quirúrgico de los Meningiomas del Foramen Óptico, Técnicay Resultados de una Serie de 18 Pacientes

Science.gov (United States)

Goldschmidt, Ezequiel; Ajler, Pablo; Campero, Álvaro; Landriel, Federico; Sposito, Maximiliano; Carrizo, Antonio

2014-01-01

Introducción: los meningiomas del foramen óptico producen un rápido deterioro de la función visual aún cuando su tamaño es pequeño, por eso su diagnóstico y manejo difiere del resto de los meningiomas clinoideos. El propósito de este estudio es presentar la técnica y los resultados de nuestro manejo quirúrgico de meningiomas foraminales (MF). Pacientes y Métodos: se llevó a cabo una revisión de las historias clínicas de 47 pacientes con meningiomas primarios intraorbitarios. Se realizaron 52 cirugías en los pacientes con MF. Se empleó una craneotomía fronto-orbitaria, seguida de una descompresión extradural del canal óptico, resección del componente intraorbitario y exploración intradural del nervio óptico. Resultados: de los 12 pacientes con MF que presentaban la visión conservada, la agudeza visual fue preservada en 7 casos, mejoró en 2, y empeoró en 3. En 18 pacientes, el principal síntoma fue exoftalmos y en 35 pacientes ceguera unilateral. Ocurrieron 6 recurrencias, 2 a 10 años después de la resección quirúrgica. Cinco de ellos fueron reoperados. Se indicó radioterapia después de la recurrencia en 3 pacientes. Conclusión: el manejo de los MF continúa siendo controvertido y frecuentemente se propone un tratamiento conservador. Basados en nuestros hallazgos de frecuente extensión intracraneal, proponemos realizar una resección total o subtotal del tumor, preservando el nervio óptico en pacientes con visión prequirúrgica conservada. PMID:25165616

La trombectomía mecánica en el tratamiento de accidentes cerebrovasculares (ACV en la fase aguda

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Alain Bonafe

2013-08-01

Full Text Available En Francia, la incidencia anual de accidentes cerebro vasculares (ACV es de 1.6 a 2.4 por cada mil (1.000 personas, es decir entre 100.000 y 145.000 por año, con una mortalidad del 15 al 20% al cabo del primer mes y un 75% de personas sobrevivientes con secuelas. El tratamiento de preferencia es la Trombólisis IV (Intra Venosa con rt-PA (Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator - Activador del Plasminógeno Tisular Recombinante, el cual tiene una ventana de eficacia de 4 horas y media después del inicio de los síntomas. Sólo 2% de los pacientes eligibles para este tratamiento se benefician de una fibrinólisis por vía venosa. Las oclusiones de arterias de calibre grueso son responsables del 46% de los accidentes cerebrovasculares Isquémicos (ACVI y predicen una sobremortalidad y discapacidad funcional severa a los 6 meses. En ausencia de revascularización, la mitad de los ACVI de circulación anterior con oclusión arterial documentada fallece y solamente el 10% de ellos, tienen un buen pronóstico funcional a los tres meses. Algunas variables que han sido identificadas como predictoras de un mal pronóstico son: un puntaje clínico en la escala NIHSS (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale - Escala del Ictus del Instituto Nacional de la Salud superior a 12 según Fischer 2005, una oclusión documentada de una arteria intracraneal, los fracasos y las contraindicaciones de la fibrinólisis intravenosa entre otros. Esta revisión busca presentar los mecanismos, la evaluación, la eficacia y las complicaciones reportadas por la literatura sobre la trombectomía mecánica.

Determining the Arterial Blood Pressure of People Living in Yesilyurt Local Healthcare Office

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Feyza Dereli

2009-02-01

Full Text Available AIM: Whereas the prevalance of arterial blood pressure which was a chronical health problem was 20%-25% among 30 year-old people, them showing an increase in aging, the percentage went as high as 50% in 60’s and later ages. What was that worrisome was that despite the high prevalance, only half of these received treathment. This is study was descriptively and cross-sectionally planned to determine whether the people asking their tensions to be measured in and around the Yesilyurt local healthcare office region. METHODS: The environment of the research consisted of 1400 people over 35 age and registered Yesilyurt Local healthcare Office and the whole of the environment were included in this sample. The study was conducted over 340 voluntaries. The data was collected by a questionnaire of 14 questions containing socio-demografic features and by measuring the arterial blood pressure, height and weight of the individuals. In the evaluation of the data, chi-square test was used and the level of significantly was accepted as 0.05. RESULTS: In this study, the rate of high sistolic blood pressure was found to be 21.47% and the rate of high diastolic blood pressure to be 8.23%. It was determined that age and body mass index varrieties were effective on sistolic hipertension. It was also found that in their behaviors of the use of hypertensive medicine, of regular arterial pressure controls and of having the hypertesion diagnosis significant differnces varied statistically on both sistolic and diastolic blood pressure people having. CONCLUSION: In order to improve the health, informative information abouth hypertension was provided for the participants for too days consisting of 4 sessions. [TAF Prev Med Bull 2009; 8(1.000: 53-58

Assessment of hospitalization and mortality of scleroderma in-patients: a thirteen-year study

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Saeedeh Shenavandeh

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Objective: Systemic sclerosis (SSc is an uncommon non-hereditary sporadic disease that increases the risk of premature death, especially in diffuse type. We determined the prevalence of SSc in the last 13 years in our rheumatologic hospitals as a referral center for southern Iranian patients, the causes of hospitalization, the average length of stay (LOS, the mortality rate, and the reason for their mortality. Material and methods : A cross-sectional study was performed in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The studied population included all patients diagnosed with systemic sclerosis. We calculated the hospitalization rates, in-hospital mortality rates, and mean LOS. Results: There were 446 admissions by 181 patients with SSc. The female to male ratio was about 10.7 : 1. The overall mean LOS was 5.95 days. Digital ulcer and interstitial lung disease (ILD were the most common causes of hospitalizations among the SSc-related events. For those with a non-SSc-related condition, infection was the most prevalent event. Most of the deaths were due to ILD and pulmonary artery hypertension(PAH, and the overall in-hospital mortality rate was 16.5%. Conclusions : Women with SSc had higher rates of hospitalization but lower in-hospital mortality than men.There were some differences between our study and other similar studies in the causes of hospitalization and in-hospital death among SSc patients, especially the lower age of death. The patients with digital ulcers and those with intestinal lung disease or pulmonary hipertension were most commonly admitted to the hospital in our study group. Probably, increasing the skin care of these patients and asking other specialty groups to cooperate will decrease the high rate of hospitalizations in our population.

Síndrome diencéfalico como causa de desnutrición severa

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Leonor Báez Segurola

2013-03-01

Full Text Available El síndrome diencefálico es un complejo de síntomas y signos causados por disfunción de esta área del encéfalo caracterizado por una marcada desnutrición aun cuando la ingesta calórica es normal. Se presentan dos casos, el primero de ellos una niña de 13 meses de edad con antecedentes de un fallo de medro a partir del tercer mes de vida, que ingresó en este servicio para el estudio de una desnutrición proteico energética severa que presentó en el transcurso de su evolución un apetito inestable y al mes de ingresada un evento paroxístico. Se le realizó resonancia magnética nuclear y se comprobó imagen hipodensa, redondeada, que medía aproximadamente 3 x 3 cm en región supraselar; fue intervenida quirúrgicamente en 2 ocasiones, se realizó exéresis del tumor, y se confirmó anatomopatológicamente un astrocitoma pilocítico de bajo grado. El segundo paciente, un lactante que ingresó con el diagnóstico confirmado de tumor intracraneal para estudio, semejante al caso presentado anteriormente, mostraba una marcada desnutrición proteico energética, se le realizó tomografía axial computarizada en la que se pudo apreciar una extensa masa tumoral supraselar con dilatación del sistema ventricular. Durante su evolución presentó marcada anorexia con pérdida de peso progresiva, por lo que se realizó gastrostomía. A los 59 días falleció como consecuencia de una pancitopenia, y la necropsia concluyó: astrocitoma pilocítico de bajo grado.

Hipertensão ocular "mascarada" por edema de córnea após cirurgia da catarata Ocular hipertension confounded by corneal edema after cataract surgery

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Bruno de Freitas Valbon

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Com base em modelos matemáticos e estudos experimentais estima-se que as medidas da PIO sejam linearmente hiperestimadas em córneas com maior espessura e menor ceratometria por meio de tonometria de aplanação de Goldmann (TAG. Entretanto, tal influência se dá de uma maneira mais complexa que a prevista por estes parâmetros geométricos, sendo diretamente relacionada com propriedades biomecânicas. O sistema de não contato ORA (Ocular response analyzer Reichert permite estudo das propriedades biomecânicas juntamente com a medida pressórica calibrada para a TAG e a compensada da córnea. Adicionalmente, o estudo tomográfico com reconstrução tridimensional do mapa paquimétrico caracteriza a córnea de forma mais completa que a ceratometria anterior e espessura central. Neste artigo, relatamos um caso de dor ocular, fotofobia e baixa visão, 28 dias após cirurgia de facoemulsificação com implante de lente intraocular sem complicações em paciente feminina de 81 anos. Na primeira visita da paciente, enquanto a TAG era de 16 mmHg, o valor da PIO compensada da córnea (PIOcc, obtido com o ORA, era 25,6 mmHg. A histerese e fator de resistência da córnea eram baixos, 4,1 e 6,1mmHg respectivamente, apesar da paquimetria central ser relativamente mais elevada, de 601 micra. O padrão de distribuição espacial da espessura era atenuado, compatível com edema corneano que era observado também por meio das imagens de Scheimpflug (Pentacam. Com base nestes dados, foi feito diagnóstico de quadro de uveíte hipertensiva, associado à edema corneano, instituindo-se tratamento tópico com combinação fixa de maleato de timolol e brimonidina associado ao acetato de prednisolona. Três semanas após, a paciente apresentou-se com grande melhora da acuidade visual, resolução do edema corneano, e dos sintomas, normalizando os parâmetros biomecânicos, geométricos da córnea e de PIO.Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT overestimates intraocular pressure (IOP measurements in cases with thick and flatter corneas. This is thought to occur linearly based on mathematical and on experimental studies. However, such influence does exist, but this is more complex than the one anticipated by pachymetry and keratometry because it is related to corneal biomechanical properties. The ocular response analyzer (ORA Reichert provides the data related to the biomechanical properties of the cornea along with the IOP measurements that are calibrated for correlating to the Goldmann applanation and also compensated from corneal properties. Also corneal tomography with a pachymetric map evaluation characterizes the cornea beyond central thickness and anterior curvature. In this article, we report a case of a 77 years old female patient with low vision, photofobia and ocular pain 28 days after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implant. In the first visit, GAT was 14mmHg, while IOPcc (ORA corneal compensated IOP was 25,6mmHg. Corneal hysteresis and resistance factor were low: 4,1 and 6,1mmHg respectively despite a central thickness of 601 micron. Corneal thickness spatial profile was attenuated with an edematous pattern that was also observed by the Scheimpflug images (Pentacam. Hypertensive uveitis was diagnosed and the patient was started on a fixed combination of timolol and brimonidine associate with prednisolone acetate. Three weeks after, the patient referred resolution of photofobia and marked improvement of vision. Clinically, edema was resolved as observed by corneal tomographyc and biomechanical findings.

Monitoreo neurointensivo en pediatría (III: Tratamiento. Medidas generales

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Eduardo M. Pleguezuelo Rodríguez

2001-06-01

Full Text Available Se informa que con el neuromonitoreo y el manejo intensivo del traumatismo craneoencefálico grave, se han identificado un grupo de fenómenos fisiopatológicos diferentes, los cuales requieren de medidas disímiles y específicas para cada paciente, lo que hace más racional el tratamiento de ellos. De la misma manera esto ha propiciado que cambien radicalmente las concepciones acerca de antiguos patrones terapéuticos establecidos durante muchos años; ejemplo de esto es el cambio en la reposición hídrica de ellos, los cuales antes se mantenían sobre una vertiente seca y hoy se preconiza la euvolemia estricta, la sustitución de la hiperventilación de rutina por la ventilación optimizada, cambios en la política del uso de agentes osmóticos, la terapia barbitúrica y la craneotomía descompresiva en casos de hipertensión intracraneal refractaria a medidas terapéuticas convencionales. En este trabajo se hace una revisión actualizada de las principales medidas terapéuticas utilizadas en estos pacientes, acorde con lo que plantean los lineamientos para el tratamiento del traumatismo craneal grave de la Asociación Americana de Cirujanos Neurológicos y los del consorcio europeo para la lesión cerebral. Las medidas terapéuticas utilizadas en estos pacientes se dividen en 2 fases. En este tercer trabajo de actualización se aborda el manejo de la primera fase que corresponde a la estabilización urgente inicial antes de establecer la medición de la presión intracraneal (PIC, así como las medidas generales de la segunda fase una vez iniciado el monitoreo de la PIC. Principios terapéuticos que desde hace algunos años se vienen utilizando en el Hospital provincial General y el Hospital Pediátrico Provincial Docente de Camagüey para el manejo del trauma craneal grave, los cuales se basan en medidas iniciales en la recepción, acorde con lo que plantean los principios del soporte vital avanzado en trauma para la reanimaci

Evaluation of portal hypertension in cirrhotic patients using color duplex-doppler ultrasound. Preliminary study; Evaluacion de la hipertension portal del cirrotico mediante ultrasonografia duplex-Doppler color. Estudio prliminar

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Varas, M J; Torres, G; Sanllely, H [Unidad de Ecografias, Consorcio del Hospital de la Cruz Roja, L` Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Spain)

1996-09-01

The objective was to compare data obtained by color duplex-Doppler ultrasound (mean velocity, flow and portal vein congestion index) in patients with chronic diffuse liver disease with and without portal hypertension (PH) (demonstrated endoscopically) with that of a healthy control group. Over a two-year period, 50 studies were performed in 10 healthy subjects (control group) with a mean age of 36 years and in 40 chronic liver disease patients (study group with a mean age of 58 years), most of whom presented alcoholic liver cirrhosis and belonged to Child-Pugh class B. They were subdivided according to endoscopic study into patients without (group 1) and with (group 2) portal hypertension. There were statistically significant differences in the diameters of splenic vein, spleen, portal vein and in the portal Vm, which decreased as the Child-Pugh score rose. When the patients without (group 1) and with (group 2) endoscopic evidence of PH (esophageal varices)were analyzed and compared, the two groups presented no statistically significant differences with respect to portal Vm, blood flow out of the liver, presence of collateral vessels, or the portal vein congestion index; the latter was significantly different in both the study group as a whole and in the patients with PH when compared with the control group. Given that this report is based on a pilot study which requires a larger sample number, we are unable to arrive at definitive conclusions. (Author) 18 refs.

Pajanan Kebisingan dan Hipertensi di Kalangan Pekerja Pelabuhan

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Eddy Harianto

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Penyakit kardiovaskular menempati urutan ke-4 atau 15% dari penyebab kematian yang berhubungan dengan pekerjaan. Hipertensi yang merupakan salah satu penyakit pembuluh darah, dikenal sebagai silent killer karena sering tidak menimbulkan gejala. Sebagian besar penderita hipertensi di Indonesia tidak terdeteksi, sementara mereka yang terdeteksi umumnya tidak menyadari kondisi penyakitnya dan hanya sebagian kecil yang berobat secara teratur. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui prevalensi hipertensi pada pekerja pelabuhan di wilayah kerja Kantor Kesehatan Pelabuhan Kelas II Tarakan serta faktor-faktor risiko yang berpengaruh. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah potong lintang; subjek diperoleh dari hasil survei penyakit tidak menular tahun 2011 oleh Kantor Kesehatan Pelabuhan Tarakan. Subjek yang terkumpul adalah 361 pekerja. Nilai pengukuran tekanan darah menggunakan nilai baku dari JNC VII tahun 2003. Prevalensi hipertensi ditemukan lebih rendah daripada angka nasional dan provinsi, yaitu 21,88%. Pajanan kebisingan dikaitkan dengan usia, riwayat keluarga hipertensi, stres, indeks massa tubuh dan berhubungan dengan hipertensi. Cardiovascular disease range ranks fourth or 15 % of the causes of death related to job. Hipertension is one of cardiovascular disease thet is known as silent killer because of lack of simptom. Most of hypertension patients in Indonesia are not detected, while they are whose detected do not conscious their disease condition and only little who get the treatment regularly. The objective of this study was to know the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among harbor worker at Port Health Office Class II of Tarakan with it’s associated risk factors. The study design used was crosssectional. The study used secondary data source of noncommunicable disease survey, 2011 at Port Health Office of Tarakan. The subjects were 361 workers. Value of blood pressure measurement using the raw value of the JNC VII IN 2003. The

Efecto neurotóxico del extracto acuoso de boldo (Peumus boldus en un modelo animal

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Jhon William Mejía-Dolores

Full Text Available Objetivos : Evaluar el efecto neurotóxico del extracto acuoso de boldo (Peumus boldus en un modelo experimental. Materiales y métodos. Se diseñó un experimento, que incluyó 20 ratas macho Holtzman de 250 ± 15 gr, distribuidas aleatoriamente en cuatro grupos: el control negativo recibió solución salina (SS por vía oral (VO, el control positivo que recibió 6-hidroxidopamina por vía intracraneal (VIC y SS por VO, el grupo experimental 1 recibió extracto acuoso de boldo (EAB por VO y el grupo experimental 2 recibió 6-hidroxidopamina por VIC y EAB por VO, en todos los casos durante 21 días. Se realizó una evaluación neurológica, la cual tuvo tres componentes: a clínico, evaluado con el test de rotarod, b bioquímico, mediante la determinación de niveles séricos de ácido úrico, y c histopatológico, por inmunohistoquímica para neuronas dopaminérgicas de sustancia negra. Se empleó la prueba de Kruskal Wallis y el test de Dunn para evaluar las diferencias entre los grupos. Resultados. Se encontró disminución significativa en el tiempo de latencia del test de rotarod entre los grupos control negativo y control positivo (p<0,01, control negativo y experimental 1 (p=0,09, control negativo y experimental 2 (p<0,01, control positivo y experimental 1 (p=0,04, y experimental 1 y 2 (p=0,09. En la determinación de ácido úrico no hubo diferencia significativa intergrupal. En el conteo neuronal hubo depleción de neuronas dopaminérgicas totales, pero sin diferencia intergrupal. Conclusiones. Se evidencio un efecto neurotóxico del extracto acuoso de boldo en ratas macho de la cepa Holtzman a nivel clínico

Lesiones penetrantes maxilofaciales: Presentación de 4 casos Penetrating maxillofacial injuries: Report of 4 cases

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José Manuel Díaz Fernández

2006-09-01

Full Text Available Una historia y examen físico detallado deben ser imperativos en todos los pacientes con sospechas de lesiones penetrantes de la región maxilofacial por parte del cirujano maxilofacial, con participación activa y frecuente de oftalmólogos, otorrinolaringólogos y neurocirujanos, incluso ante lesiones aparentemente triviales. La exploración por radiografías simples, ultrasonidos y especialmente la tomografía axial computadorizada de reconstrucción tridimensional, constituye la mejor vía para detectar lesiones oculares y/ u orbitarias, fracturas del complejo craneofacial, precisar localización, naturaleza y relación del objeto hiriente con órganos y estructuras anatómicas importantes. Se presentan 4 pacientes con este tipo de lesiones proporcionadas por 3 tipos de objetos de naturaleza y características diferentes. Se enfatiza en los aspectos terapéuticos y se ilustra el trabajo con imágenes por rayos X simples y TAC. Se emiten consideraciones a tener presentes en este tipo de lesiones resaltando aquellas con extensión intracraneal.A medical history and a detailed physical examination should be imperative in all the patients with suspicion of penetrating injuries of the maxillofacial region, on the part of the maxillofacial surgeon with an active and frequent participation of ophthalmologists, otorhinolaryngologists and neurosurgeons, even in the case of apparently trivial injuries. The exploration by simple X rays, ultrasounds and, specially, computerized axial tomography of tridimensional reconstruction is the best way to detect ocular and/or orbital injuries, fractures of the craniofacial complex , and to determine the localization, nature and relation of the wounding object to organs and important anatomical structures. 4 patients with this type of injuries produced by three types of objects of different nature and characteristics are presented. Emphasis is made on the therapeutic aspects and the paper is illustrated with

[Extracellular fluid, plasma and interstitial volume in cirrhotic patients without clinical edema or ascites].

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Noguera Viñas, E C; Hames, W; Mothe, G; Barrionuevo, M P

1989-01-01

Extracellular fluid volume (E.C.F.) and plasma volume (P.V.), were measured with sodium sulfate labeled with 35I and 131I human serum albumin, respectively, by the dilution technique in control subjects and in cirrhotic patients without clinical ascites or edema, renal or hepatic failure, gastrointestinal bleeding or diuretics. Results are expressed as mean +/- DS in both ml/m2 and ml/kg. In normal subjects E.C.F. (n = 8) was 7,533 +/- 817 ml/m2 (201.3 +/- 182 ml/kg), P.V. (n = 11) 1,767 +/- 337 ml/m2 (47.2 +/- 9.3 ml/kg), and interstitial fluid (I.S.F.) (n = 7) 5,758 +/- 851 ml/m2 (Table 2). In cirrhotic patients E.C.F. (n = 11) was 10,318 +/- 2,980 ml/m2 (261.7 +/- 76.8 ml/kg), P.V. (n = 12) 2,649 +/- 558 ml/m2 (67.7 +/- 15.6 ml/kg) and I.S.F. (n = 11) 7,866 +/- 2,987 ml/m2 (Table 3). Cirrhotic patients compared with normal subjects have hypervolemia due to a significant E.C.F. and P.V. expansion (p less than 0.02 and less than 0.001 respectively) (Fig. 1). Reasons for E.C.F. and P.V. abnormalities in cirrhotic patients may reflect urinary sodium retention related to portal hipertension which stimulates aldosterone release or enhanced renal tubular sensitivity to the hormone. However, it is also possible that these patients, in the presence of hypoalbuminemia (Table 1), have no clinical edema or ascites due to increased glomerular filtration, suppressed release of vasopressin, increased natriuretic factor, and urinary prostaglandin excretion, in response to the intravascular expansion, all of which increased solute and water delivery to the distal nephron and improved renal water excretion. We conclude that in our clinical experience cirrhotic patients without ascites or edema have hypervolemia because of a disturbance in E.C.F.

Hipertensión arterial: Estratificación de riesgo

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Jorge Pastor Did Núñez

1999-01-01

Full Text Available Se siguieron durante 3 años 1 412 pacientes hipertensos por el Médico de la Familia para su clasificación, según estadio hipertensivo y grupo de riesgo recomendados por el sexto reporte, así como su evaluación de la conducta terapéutica. Se apreció que el 56,9 % de los pacientes evaluables, tenían cifras tensionales inferiores a 140/90. Las categorías normal alto e hipertensivo estadio I representaron el 90,2 % de los casos. Los grupos de riesgo B y C reúnen al 97,7 % de los casos. Existió una relación significativa entre estadios hipertensivos y grupos de riesgo (p = 0,00465412. En el grupo A, el 60,0 % de los pacientes mantuvo cifras tensionales normales altas; en los grupos de riesgo B y C, el estadio hipertensivo I fue el más frecuente. Una proporción significativa de pacientes en estadio normal alto (p = 0,00030047 e hipertensivo I (p = 0,00011824, tienen una terapéutica inadecuada con un uso insuficiente de las modificaciones de estilo de vidaFor 3 years, 1 412 hypertensive patients were followed up by the Family Physician for their classification, according to the hypertensive stage and the risk group recommended by the sixth report, as well as for the evaluation of the therapeutic behaviour. It was observed that 56.9 % of the examined patients had readings below 140/90. The normal high blood pressure and hipertensive stage I categories represented 90.2 % of the cases. Risk groups B and C accounted for 97.7 % of cases. There was a significant relation ship between hypertensive stages and risk groups (p = 0.00465412. In group A, 60.0 % of patients kept normal headings. In risk groups B and C, the stage I hypertensive was the most frequent. A significant proportion of patients in normal high (p = 0.00030047 and hypertensive I stages (p = 0.00011824 has an inadequate therapeutics with insufficient modifications of the life style.

Magnetic resonance findings associated with intracranial hypotension. A report of three cases occurring after lumbar puncture; Hallazgos por RM en el sindrome de hipotension intracraneal. A proposito de tres casos tras puncion lumbar

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Galan, J. [Hospital General Yague (Spain); Vuelta, R. V. [Hospital de Txagorritxu. Vitoria (Spain); Oleaga, L.; Grande, D. [Hospital de Basurto. Bilbao (Spain)

1999-07-01

The magnetic resonance (MR) findings are presented for three patients who developed intracranial hypotension syndrome following lumbar puncture, one of the most common causes of this complication. All three patients presented the MR findings characteristically associated with this event, consisting of diffuse dural enhancement after administration of a paramagnetic contrast medium, as well as extraaxial collection that played either an accompanying or a causative role. (Author) 7 refs.

Cases of Acute Poisoning in Southeast Anatolia of Turkey

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Cahfer Güloğlu

2004-01-01

Full Text Available This study was conducted to determine the biological effects of acute poisoning, nature ofagents involved and pattern of poisoning during 2000 in Diyarbakır City in Southeast AnatolianRegion of Turkey.Data from hospital records of all admissions to Emergency Department (ED of Dicle UniversityHospital following acute poisoning collected retrospectively were analysed for the period January toDecember in 2000. Present study included 44 (25.9% male (M and 126 (74.1% female (F, a total170 consecutive patients. A M/F ratio was found as 1.0/3.5 in the study.Mean age of cases was 23.3±6.3 years old; 63 (37.1% of them were under age of 20 years oldand 147 (86.5% of them were under age of 30 years old. Cases of intoxication have admitted insummer season (93 of 170 patients, especially in April, May and July (24, 26 and 30 patients,respectively. Sixty-two (36.5% cases due to accidental, 108 (63.5% cases due to suicidal goal. Thecases of suicidal purposeful intoxications were mostly determined in females (77 cases, 71.3%,p<0.05, and singles (74 cases, 68.5%, p<0.05. There were only two deaths (1.2% among the 170admissions of acute poisonings during hospitaliztion. One of the deaths was due to pesticides; otherone was due to abuse of medical drug. According to physical examination, tachycardia (59, 34.7%,vomit history (55, 32.4%, and unconsciousness (42, 24.7% were frequently observed; however,hypersecretion (15, 8.8%, bradycardia (5, 2.9%, convulsion (8, 4.7%, and hipertension (2, 1.2%,were seen rarely. Cases who poisoned with pesticide compared other cases have had significantlyhigher rate of convulsion (6, 10.2%, miosis (6, 10.2%, and hypersecretion (12, 20.3% (p=0.018,p<0.0001 and p<0.0001, respectively.In our region, pesticides intoxication especially affected to young unmarried females, and mostof them resulted from suicidal purpose. The annual rate of poisoning-related ED visits and mortalitywere within the reported ranges, psychoactive agents being

Sindrome de encefalopatia posterior reversível: relato de caso Reversible posterior encephalopathy syndrome: case report

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Francine Judith Freitas Fernandes

2002-09-01

therarapy. Diffusion-weighted images would not show hyperintense signal because of the presence of interstitial rather than cytotoxic edema. We report a case of PRES due to hipertensive encephalopathy studied by CT and MRI.

Renal replacement therapy in Latin American end-stage renal disease.

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Rosa-Diez, Guillermo; Gonzalez-Bedat, Maria; Pecoits-Filho, Roberto; Marinovich, Sergio; Fernandez, Sdenka; Lugon, Jocemir; Poblete-Badal, Hugo; Elgueta-Miranda, Susana; Gomez, Rafael; Cerdas-Calderon, Manuel; Almaguer-Lopez, Miguel; Freire, Nelly; Leiva-Merino, Ricardo; Rodriguez, Gaspar; Luna-Guerra, Jorge; Bochicchio, Tomasso; Garcia-Garcia, Guillermo; Cano, Nuria; Iron, Norman; Cuero, Cesar; Cuevas, Dario; Tapia, Carlos; Cangiano, Jose; Rodriguez, Sandra; Gonzalez, Haydee; Duro-Garcia, Valter

2014-08-01

The Latin American Dialysis and Renal Transplant Registry (RLADTR) was founded in 1991; it collects data from 20 countries which are members of Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nefrología e Hipertension. This paper presents the results corresponding to the year 2010. This study is an annual survey requesting data on incident and prevalent patients undergoing renal replacement treatment (RRT) in all modalities: hemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis (PD) and living with a functioning graft (LFG), etc. Prevalence and incidence were compared with previous years. The type of renal replacement therapy was analyzed, with special emphasis on PD and transplant (Tx). These variables were correlated with the gross national income (GNI) and the life expectancy at birth. Twenty countries participed in the surveys, covering 99% of the Latin American. The prevalence of end stage renal disease (ESRD) under RRT in Latin America (LA) increased from 119 patients per million population (pmp) in 1991 to 660 pmp in 2010 (HD 413 pmp, PD 135 pmp and LFG 111 pmp). HD proportionally increased more than PD, and Tx HD continues to be the treatment of choice in the region (75%). The kidney Tx rate increased from 3.7 pmp in 1987 to 6.9 pmp in 1991 and to 19.1 in 2010. The total number of Tx's in 2010 was 10 397, with 58% deceased donors. The total RRT prevalence correlated positively with GNI ( r 2 0.86; P chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its associated risk factors. PD is still an underutilized strategy for RRT in the region. Even though renal Tx is feasible, its growth rate is still not as fast as it should be in order to compensate for the increased prevalence of patients on waiting lists. Diagnostic and prevention programs for hypertension and diabetes, appropriate policies promoting the expansion of PD and organ procurement as well as transplantation as cost-effective forms of RRT are needed in the region. Regional cooperation among Latin American countries, allowing the more developed to

Comparative anatomy of the frontal sinuses in the primitive sabre-toothed felid Promegantereon ogygia (Felidae, Machairodontinae and similarly sized extant felines

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Morales, J.

2011-12-01

Full Text Available In the present work, the frontal sinuses of the sabre-toothed felid Promegantereon ogygia are analysed, in comparison to those of the extant felines Acinonyx jubatus, Puma conocolor and Panthera pardus, of similar body weight. The study was carried out using 3D virtual models obtained from CT Scan images, a non-destructive technique that has revealed as a powerful tool for accessing to all kind of intracranial information. Our study shows that the frontal sinuses of P. ogygia were more similar to those of P. concolor, both in the presence of several struts reinforcing the dorsal part, and in the development of a remarkable caudal expansion. This caudal expansion would act as a thermal insulator of the brain, and would indicate a more open environment than previously supposed for this species, whereas the struts would be related to biomechanical stresses produced during the “canine shear-bite”, the killing method of the machairodontines.En el presente trabajo, se analizan los senos frontales del félido dientes de sable Promegantereon ogygia, en comparación con los de los felinos actuales Acinonyx jubatus, Puma conocolor y Panthera pardus, de similar peso corporal. El estudio se llevó a cabo utilizando modelos virtuales 3D obtenidos por tomografía axial computerizada, una técnica no destructiva que se ha revelado como una poderosa herramienta para acceder a todo tipo de información intracraneal. Nuestro estudio muestra que los senos frontales de P. ogygia eran más similares a los de P. concolor, tanto en la presencia de varios puntales óseos de refuerzo de la parte dorsal, y en el desarrollo de una notable expansión caudal. Esta expansión caudal actuaría como un aislante térmico del cerebro, y podría indicar un entorno más abierto de lo que se supone para esta especie, mientras que los puntales óseos se relacionarían con tensiones biomecánicas producidas durante el mordisco típico de los macairodontinos, el método de ataque

Terapéuticas intervencionistas para el accidente cerebrovascular isquémico Update on interventional treatment of acute ischemic stroke

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Alejandra T. Rabadán

2010-10-01

Full Text Available En los últimos 20 años se han desarrollado nuevas opciones para el tratamiento y para la prevención del accidente cerebrovascular (ACV isquémico, muchas de ellas de carácter intervencionista, tales como la endarterectomía carotídea y la trombolisis intravenosa con activador tisular del plasminógeno. La evidencia científica ha llevado a su difusión y utilización en países desarrollados mientras que en naciones emergentes se observa un retraso en su adopción. Otras modalidades terapéuticas que parecen ser muy promisorias, aunque sin tanta evidencia científica que las avale, requieren la realización y conclusión de estudios randomizados. Dentro de la evolución del ACV isquémico existe una situación particular como es el infarto cerebral "maligno". Constituye un evento devastador, que se presenta en aproximadamente el 10 al 15% de los ACV carotídeos o silvianos, y está asociado con elevada morbimortalidad. Con la información disponible actualmente, es posible recomendar la craniectomía descompresiva (CD como un método efectivo y seguro para disminuir rápidamente la presión intracraneal y lograr un pronóstico favorable sobre una base racional. Aunque no hay estudios randomizados y controlados en la literatura, existe suficiente evidencia para recomendar la CD en casos especiales.New options have been developed for the prevention and treatment of acute ischemic stroke in the last 20 years, such as carotid endarterectomy and intravenous thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator. Scientific evidence has supported their use in developed countries, while there is an evident delay in their use among emerging countries. Other promising modalities require the conclusion of ongoing randomized, controlled trials. Malignant middle or carotid cerebral artery infarction accounts for 10 to 15% ischemic strokes and constitutes a devastating event associated with high morbidity and mortality. Decompressive craniectomy seems to be an

Assessment of the usability of a digital learning technology prototype for monitoring intracranial pressure.

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Carvalho, Lilian Regina de; Évora, Yolanda Dora Martinez; Zem-Mascarenhas, Silvia Helena

2016-08-29

to assess the usability of a digital learning technology prototype as a new method for minimally invasive monitoring of intracranial pressure. descriptive study using a quantitative approach on assessing the usability of a prototype based on Nielsen's ten heuristics. Four experts in the area of Human-Computer interaction participated in the study. the evaluation delivered eight violated heuristics and 31 usability problems in the 32 screens of the prototype. the suggestions of the evaluators were critical for developing an intuitive, user-friendly interface and will be included in the final version of the digital learning technology. avaliar a usabilidade de um protótipo educacional digital sobre um novo método para monitoração da pressão intracraniana de forma minimamente invasivo para enfermeiros e médicos. estudo descritivo com abordagem quantitativa sobre a avaliação de usabilidade de um protótipo com base nas dez Heurísticas de Nielsen. Participaram quatro especialistas da área de Interação Humano Computador. a avaliação resultou em oito heurísticas violadas e 31 problemas de usabilidade nas 32 telas do protótipo. as sugestões dos avaliadores foram cruciais para o desenvolvimento de uma interface amigável e intuitiva e serão consideradas na versão final da tecnologia educacional digital. evaluar la usabilidad de un prototipo educacional digital sobre un nuevo método para monitorización de la presión intracraneal, de manera mínimamente invasiva. estudio descriptivo con abordaje cuantitativo sobre la evaluación de usabilidad de un prototipo con base en las diez reglas Heurísticas de Nielsen. Participaron cuatro especialistas del área de Interacción Humana Computador. la evaluación resultó en ocho reglas heurísticas violadas y 31 problemas de usabilidad en las 32 pantallas del prototipo. las sugestiones de los evaluadores fueron cruciales para el desarrollo de una interfaz amigable e intuitiva y éstas serán consideradas en la

Traumatismo craneoencefálico leve

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Ortega Zufiría, José Manuel; Prieto, Noemí Lomillos; Cuba, Bernardino Choque; Degenhardt, Martin Tamarit; Núñez, Pedro Poveda; López Serrano, María Remedios; López Raigada, Azahara Belén

2018-01-01

Resumen Introducción y objetivo: El TCE leve representa un problema sanitario de enorme interés debido a que un número significativo de enfermos con trauma leve desarrollará complicaciones potencialmente mortales. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido describir una serie amplia de pacientes adultos, mayores de 14 años, que sufren TCE leve, atendidos en el Hospital Universitario de Getafe, entre los años 2010 y 2015 (n = 2480), estudiar el perfil epidemiológico y analizar el diagnóstico y el tratamiento efectuados, así como establecer los principales factores pronósticos que influyen en el resultado final. Método: Se ha realizado un estudio retrospectivo, de revisión de historias clínicas, analizando los resultados con estudio estadístico bivariable y multivariable. Resultados: El TCE leve es más frecuente en varones, y el mecanismo causante más común en nuestro medio es el accidente de tráfico. Se propone un modelo de clasificación de pacientes según grupos de riesgo, que los subdivide en riesgo bajo, intermedio o alto, que se correlaciona bien con la probabilidad de desarrollar complicación intracraneal, y, consecuentemente, con el resultado final. Se discute la indicación de la radiografía simple de cráneo y de la Tomografía Computarizada (TC), así como del ingreso hospitalario para observación neurológica. Conclusiones: En este estudio, la presencia de focalidad neurológica en la exploración clínica, la edad, las alteraciones de la coagulación y la existencia de fractura en la radiografía simple se relacionan con mayor posibilidad de desarrollar lesiones traumáticas intracraneales y con peor pronóstico final. La escala de Glasgow para el Coma es deficitaria en la determinación del resultado final del paciente que sufre TCE, porque no considera variables tales como la amnesia o la pérdida de conocimiento, muy frecuentes en el traumatismo craneoencefálico leve. PMID:29430327

As representações sociais de mulheres portadoras de Hipertensão Arterial Las representaciones sociales de mujeres que tienen Hipertension Arterial Social representations of women who live with High Blood Pressure

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Maria Enoia Dantas Costa e Silva

2008-08-01

Full Text Available A Hipertensão Arterial, grave problema de Saúde Pública, afeta grande parte da população mundial e apresenta dificuldades para seu controle. Este estudo teve como objetivo apreender as representações sociais de mulheres, sobre o "ser portadora da doença", no contexto familiar, explorando aspectos psicossociais relacionados a sentimentos e comportamentos capazes de influenciar práticas de tratamento e controle da doença. Realizado em Teresina-PI, com 25 mulheres assistidas num centro de saúde. As informações coletadas foram organizadas num "corpus" processado pelo software ALCESTE 4.5. Emergiram três unidades de contexto inicial (u.c.i., apontando as manifestações / sentimentos / representações sociais das portadoras. Estas influenciam na produção e circulação de conhecimentos que orientam e definem comportamentos e condutas destas mulheres.La hipertensión arterial, problema de salud pública serio que afecte la mayor parte de a población del mundo, requiere la búsqueda para dificultades. El actual estudio se ocupó apreender de las representaciones sociales de los portadores de las mujeres sobre como cuál es ser portadores del la enfermedad en el contexto de la familia, y explorando los aspectos sicosociales se relacionó con sus sensaciones y comportamiento que pudieron interferir en su tratamiento y control de la enfermedad. Realizado en Teresina con 25 mujeres registradas en un centro de la salud. La información fue organizada en una "recopilación" y sometida al software 4.5 de ALCESTE, procesó la "recopilación" integrada por 3 unidades iniciales del contexto, demostrar las manifestaciones explicativas de los portadores sobre el tratamiento y el control de la enfermedad. Las representaciones sociales influencian el proceso de la producción y de la circulación del conocimiento que dirigen y definen el comportamiento y las conductas del portador hipertenso de la enfermedad.The Arterial Hypertension is considered as a serious Public Health problem that affects most of the world population and presents difficulties to control.This study dealt with the social representations of the women carriers of Arterial Hypertension about what it is like to be carriers of the disease in the family context, and the health services provided by the professionals that care for them and exploring the psychosocial aspects related to their feelings and behavior that might interfere in their treatment and control of the disease. It was performed in Teresina - PI with 25 women assisted in the Health Center. The data collected was organized in a "corpus" and submitted to the ALCESTE software 4.5, which produced three initial context units, showing the manifestations and feelings of the carriers. The social representations influence the process of knowledge production and circulation that guide and define the behavior and conducts of the hypertensive disease carrier.

Relationship between target organ damage and blood pressure, retinal vessel calibre, oxidative stress and polymorphisms in VAV-2 and VAV-3 genes in patients with hypertension: a case-control study protocol (LOD-Hipertension).

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Gomez-Marcos, Manuel A; Gonzalez-Sarmiento, Rogelio; Recio-Rodríguez, José I; Agudo-Conde, Cristina; Gamella-Pozuelo, Luis; Perretta-Tejedor, Nuria; Martínez-Salgado, Carlos; García-Ortiz, Luis

2014-04-03

Target organ damage (TOD) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. The study objectives were to analyse the relationship of TOD to blood pressure, size of retinal arteries and veins, oxidative stress and different polymorphisms in the VAV-2 and VAV-3 genes in participants with hypertension. A case-control study to analyse the relationship between clinical, biochemical and genetic parameters and presence of cardiac, vascular and renal TOD in 486 patients with hypertension. Participants with TOD will be considered as cases, and those without TOD will be enrolled as controls. This will be a collaborative study conducted by the groups of Primary Care, Cardiovascular and Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases of the Instituto de Investigación Biomédica of Salamanca (IBSAL). Assessment of cardiac, renal and vascular TOD. Measurement of peripheral and central blood pressure, size of eye fundus arteries and veins, and oxidative stress, and polymorphisms in the VAV-2 and VAV-3 genes. The study will be conducted after approval is obtained from the Ethics Committee of Hospital Clínico Universitario of Salamanca. All study participants will sign an informed consent to agree to participate in the study, and another consent to agree on the genetic study, in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the WHO standards for observational studies. The results of this study will allow for an understanding of the relationship of the different TODs with blood pressure, retinal artery and vein diameters, oxidative stress and polymorphisms in VAV-2 and VAV-3 genes. Clinical Trials. gov Identifier: NCT02022618.

Neurocisticercosis en niños: Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl, Medellín 1989-1996 Neurocysticercosis in children: experience in Medellín, Colombia 1989-1996

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José William Cornejo Ochoa

1997-03-01

Full Text Available Se hace un estudio retrospectivo de las historias cínicas de los menores de 18 años con diagnóstico de egreso de neurocisticercosis, del Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl, de Medellín (HUSVP durante el período 1989 a 1996. Se encontraron 16 pacientes: Trece mujeres y 3 hombres, con un promedio de edad de 11 años. Los motivos de consulta mas frecuentes fueron convulsiones (68.8%, cefalea (62.5% y alteraciones visuales (37.5%. La evolución de los síntomas fue menor de tres meses en el 81% de los casos. Los diagnósticos sindromáticos mas frecuentes fueron los síndromes convulsivo (68.8% y de hipertensión endocraneana (43.8%. La tomografía computarizada mostró lesiones parenquimatosas múltiples en 8 casos y únicas en 4. El tratamiento con albendazol (10 mg/kg/dla mejor6 la sintomatología en todos los casos; se emplearon corticoides en todos los pacientes que recibieron tratamiento antiparasitario. Las convulsiones se controlaron fácilmente con difenilhidantolna o carbamazepina. Neurocysticercosis in children. Experience in Medellín, Colombia, 1989-1996 This is a retrospective clinical study of neurocisticercosis in patients aged 18 years or less, at Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paul, in Medellln, Colombia, during the period 1989-1996. There were 16 patients, 13 girls and 3 boys; average age was 11 years. The main complaints were: Seizures (68.8%, headache (62.5% and visual disturbances (37.5%. Evolution of symptoms was less than three months in 81% of the patients. The most frequent syndromatic diagnoses were: Convulsive (68.8% and intracraneal hypertension syndromes (43.8%. Computed tomography revealed intraparenchimal multiple lesions in 8 cases and solitary lesions in 4 cases. Treatment with albendazole (10 mg/kg/day improved symptoms in every patient; children treated with antiparasitic drugs also received corticosteroids for 7 to 14 days. Seizures were easily controlled with anticonvulsivants such as

Insidens Riwayat Hipertensi dan Diabetes Melitus pada Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner di RS. Dr. M. Djamil Padang

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Putri Yuriandini Yulsam

2015-05-01

the inclusion and exclusion criteria were 124 medical record. All data were processed and analysed by manually and then the data shown by frequency distribution table. The result showed the highest distribution of CHD patient based on age is in the age group of 51-56 years, and majority were male (75%. The prevalence of hipertension history in CHD patient is 46.77% while a history of diabetes mellitus is 10,48%.Keyword: coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus.

Estudo sobre os riscos da profissão de estivador do Porto do Mucuripe em Fortaleza Occupational risks among dock workers in the Port of Mucuripe, Fortaleza, Brazil

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Francisco Fábio Gadelha Cavalcante

2005-12-01

months of January and February of 2003, with the application of 60 questionnaires to the stevedores. The analysis of the data evidence that the main inherent problems of health this stevedore’s job are, among others, the osteo-articulate (lumbar disc hernia and consumings in the joint of the knee and metabolic disturbances (diabetes and arterial hipertension. These if not only must to the work, but also and, with great influence, to the context of life of these professionals.

Efectos de la consejería personalizada en la reducción de cifras tensionales en pacientes hipertensos esenciales severos, OMS I Effects of personalized counseling on the reduction of tension leves in patients with severe essential hipertension. WHO I

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Jasna Stiepovich Bertoni

1994-01-01

Full Text Available Se compararon dos sistemas de intervención para evaluar el efecto de la consejaría personalizada en pacientes hipertensos esenciales severos, OMS I, orientados a reducir cifras tensionales sistólicas, diastólicas y aumentar su autoestima. La variable independente como método de intervención tuvo una duración de 24 semanas. Se midiron variables despendientes: cifras tensionales y autoestima. Los resultados arrojaron que pacientes hipertensos esenciales severos OMS I, del grupo experimental disminuyeron en promedio más sus cifras tensionales y aumentaron en promedio más su autoestima que pacientes del grupo control, encontrándose también depencia entre peso y presión arterial. Consejería Personalizada demostró ser una estrategia de Enfermería exitosa, para este grupo de pacientes.Two intervention systems to evaluate the effect of personalized counseling in severe essential hypertensive patients OMS I, oriented to reduce systolic and diastolic tensional pressures and to increase self-esteem, were compared. The independent variable as an intervention method took place during 24 weeks. Dependent variables: tensional pressures and self-esteem were measured. The results showed that essential severe hypertensive patients OMS I of the experimental groups decreased the average of (the systolic and diastolic tensional pressures and increased their self-esteem more than patients of control group. Finding also a direct dependence between weight and tensional pressures Personalized Counseling showed to be a successful strategy of nursing for this group of patients.

Prevalência de tabagismo em localidade urbana da região sudeste do Brasil Prevalence of smoking in a city of southeasthern Brazil

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Cecília Amaro de Lolio

1993-08-01

Full Text Available Foi realizado estudo transversal de prevalência da hipertensão arterial da população de 15-74 anos de idade, residente na zona urbana do Município de Araraquara, localidade situada a 250 km da cidade de São Paulo, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, em 1987. Na ocasião foram perguntadas aos 1.199 entrevistados (533 do sexo masculino e 666 do sexo feminino questões sobre o uso de tabaco (fumo, a forma de uso, o hábito de tragar, bem como variáveis sociodemográficas. A amostra foi equiprobabilística, por conglomerados, em três estágios. A prevalência de tabagismo foi bastante alta, de 45,2% entre os homens e 22,8% entre as mulheres. Os ex-fumantes eram em percentagem de 15,9% entre os homens e 8,0% das mulheres. O sexo masculino fumava maior quantidade de equivalentes de cigarro do que o feminino. As camadas de mais baixa renda familiar fumavam mais, em ambos os sexos, do que os estratos de renda mais alta. Entre os homens, a prevalência de tabagismo diminuía com a maior escolaridade e nas mulheres, este aspecto não foi notado. Comparando com os resultados já publicados sobre a alta prevalência de hipertensão arterial e de obesidade, nota-se que a população de Araraquara, cidade média do interior urbano afluente do Brasil, apresenta uma freqüência bastante alta de fatores de risco para doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis.A cross-sectional study for prevalence of arterial hipertension in the population aged 15-74 years of age of the urban area of Araraquara County, 250 km from the city of S. Paulo, S. Paulo, State, Brazil, in 1987, was performed. The questionnaires presented to 1,199 people (533 men and 666 women at the interview consisted of regarding sociodemographic variables, as well as the use of tobacco (smoking, the ways in which tobacco was used and the habit of inhaling the smoke. The sample was taken by the procedure of clustering, carried out in three stages. The sample was equiprobabilistic. The prevalence of

Faktor Risiko Penyakit Ginjal Kronik Berdasarkan Analisis Cross-sectional Data Awal Studi Kohort Penyakit Tidak Menular Penduduk Usia 25-65 Tahun di Kelurahan Kebon Kalapa, Kota Bogor Tahun 2011

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Eva Sulistiowati

2015-11-01

Full Text Available AbstractGlomerular Filtration Rate (GFR is associated with renal function and used to diagnose Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD. CKD is considered a serious worldwide public health problem, and the prevalence is increasing dramatically. The aim of the analisis is to explore of the factors associated with estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR. This analysis used subset baseline data Cohort Study Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD 2011 with a cross-sectional design. CKD was defined as those withan estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. We analyzed of 1932 subjects (820 males and 1112 females aged 25-65 years old. GFR was estimated by using calibrated serum creatinine level with a formula CKD-epi, devided into ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Subject with e-GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 was 2,3%, and increased remarkably with age. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age of 49-65 years (OR=13.57; 95% CI: 4.73-38.97,economic status quintile 1 (OR=4.44; 95% CI: 1.14-17.39, hipertension (OR=3.71;95% CI: 1.82-7.59, male gender (OR=2.97; 95% CI: 1.49-5.92, diabetes mellitus (OR=2.54; 95% CI=1.24-5.20, obesity(OR=2.51; 95% CI: 1.20-5.25, were significant factors that were independently associated with CKD.Keywords : risk factors; glomerular filtration rate; CKDAbstrakLaju filtrasi glomerulus (LFG berhubungan dengan kondisi fungsi ginjal dan digunakan sebagai penentu diagnosis Penyakit Ginjal Kronik (PGK. PGK merupakan masalah kesehatan yang serius dan prevalensinya meningkat secara drastis. Tujuan analisis ini untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan PGK. Data diambil dari subset data Studi Kohor Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM di Kota Bogor Tahun 2011, menggunakan disain analisis potong lintang. Subjek yang dianalis berjumlah 1932 orang(1112 perempuan dan 820 laki-laki berumur 25-65 tahun. LFG diklasifikasikan menurut estimasi LFG (e-LFG berdasarkan kriteria CKD-epi, dengan kategori ≥60 mL/min/1,73 m2

Sistema de Protección Social en Salud y calidad de la atención de hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus en centros de salud Quality of health care for diabetic and hipertensive patients in primary care settings servicing Mexican Seguro Popular

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Maki E Ortiz-Domínguez

2011-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO. Medir la calidad técnica de la atención a pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM e hipertensión arterial (HAS en los centros de salud (CS de los Servicios Estatales de Salud de México, al comparar su desempeño según condición de acreditación al Seguro Popular (SP. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS. Estudio transversal realizado en 2008. Durante el año previo fue recolectado el historial de atención de 5 444 expedientes de pacientes con DM y 5 827 con HAS. Se determinaron los factores asociados al buen control metabólico de DM (glucosaOBJECTIVE. To assess health care quality provided to type-2 diabetic and hypertensive patients in primary care settings from the Mexican Ministry of Health and to evaluate whether accredited clinics providing services to the Mexican Seguro Popular performed better in terms of metabolic control of those patients compared to the non-accredited. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Cross-sectional study performed on 2008. Previous year clinical measures were obtained from 5 444 diabetic and 5 827 hypertensive patient's clinical records. Adequate metabolic control (glucose <110 mg/dl for diabetes and blood pressure <140/90 mmHg for hypertension associated factors were assessed by multiple-multilevel logistic regression methods. RESULTS. Patients attending accredited clinics were more likely to be controlled, however, metabolic control was not constant over time of accreditation. CONCLUSIONS. Additional efforts are required to monitor accredited clinics' performance in order to maintain both metabolic control and clinical assessment of patients.

Comparative study of excipients for propanolol hydrochloryde tablets prepared by means of diferent techniques Estudo comparativo de excipientes em diferentes técnicas de preparação de comprimidos de cloridrato de propranolol

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Cinara Maistro Mamprim

2001-11-01

Full Text Available Systemic arterial hipertension (SAH is one of the major factors in cardiovascular risk, since it contributes to the existence of more than 500 thousand cases of cerebral vascular accidents (CVA, 150 thousand deaths by cerebral hemorrhage and approximately a million myocardium infarctions (IAM. In Brazil, it is estimated that about 15% of the adult population can be considered hypertensive. Hypertension can be prevented by changes in lifestyle, although in most cases, the treatment with drugs becomes necessary. Propranolol hydrochloride is the drug chosen for the hypertensive elderly population who has had myocardium infarctation previously. The drug is commercially available as injections, solutions, capsules and tablets. Tablets can be prepared using three different techniques. The most used technique is the granulation by moisture. With the advance of new excipients available in the market for the Pharmaceutical Industry, a more simple and economical technique became possible, improving the physical and chemical stability of the product, reaching the goal of getting more efficient and safer medicine. The purpose of this study was to develop formulations of propranolol hydrochloride tablets through the variation of excipients and manufacture techniques. The propranolol hydrochloryde tablets were stored at 37o C and 50o C with 90% UR for 90 days, and analysed in pre-established time intervals the formulations were evaluated as for the physical and physical-chemical aspects.   A hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS é um dos mais importantes fatores de risco cardiovascular uma vez que contribui, mundialmente, com mais de 500 mil casos de acidentes cerebrovasculares (AVC, 150 mil mortes por hemorragia cerebral e aproximadamente um milhão de infartos de miocárdio (IAM. No Brasil estima-se que cerca de15% dos indivíduos adultos possam ser rotulados como hipertensos. A hipertensão pode ser prevenida com a mudança no estilo de vida, embora na

Fístulas carótido-cavernosas: resultados clínico y angiográfico en pacientes tratados por el Grupo Escuela de Neurorradiología del Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl, de Medellín, Colombia, en el período 1995-2007

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José William Cornejo Ochoa

2008-11-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN: las fístulas carótido-cavernosas (FCC son muy frecuentes en Medellín, Colombia. Su tratamiento quirúrgico ha tenido tasas elevadas de complicaciones debido a la arquitectura particular de esta área. La terapia endovascular ha surgido entonces como la primera opción de tratamiento para los pacientes con esta enfermedad. OBJETIVO: describir las principales características de nuestros pacientes con FCC, el método terapéutico empleado y los resultados clínico y angiográfico obtenidos. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: revisamos retrospectivamente 51 pacientes tratados por el Grupo Escuela de Neurorradiología del Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl desde 1995 hasta 2007, describiendo variables demográficas, causa de la lesión, estado clínico, tipo de fístula, método terapéutico empleado y los resultados clínico y angiográfico. RESULTADOS: hubo predominio en hombres; el promedio de edad fue de 35 años. Las causas de las fístulas fueron: espontáneas en 4 pacientes (7,8%, trauma encefalocraneano cerrado en 33 pacientes (64,7%, herida por proyectil de arma de fuego en 12 (23,5% y herida por arma cortopunzante en 2 (3,9%. Las manifestaciones clínicas, en orden descendente de frecuencia, fueron: quemosis, proptosis, soplo, dolor, disminución de la agudeza visual y sangrado intracraneal. En cuanto al tipo, 86,3% fueron A; 9,8%, B; 2%, C y 2%, D. En 32 pacientes (62,7% se logró la permeabilidad de la carótida interna y en los restantes 19 hubo necesidad de ocluirla. En 48 pacientes se empleó terapia endovascular, más frecuentemente con balones (34 casos tanto para la oclusión del sitio fistuloso como para la realización de trapping. En 14 casos se emplearon coils, en 3 pacientes stent, en 4 NCBA (n-cianocrilato de butilo; en dos pacientes hubo resolución espontánea de la fístula y otra más se resolvió con masaje carotídeo. Las vías de acceso vascular más frecuentes fueron la arterial en 44 pacientes (81,5% y

Síndrome diencéfalico como causa de desnutrición severa Diencephalic syndrome as a cause of severe malnutrition

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Leonor Báez Segurola

2013-03-01

Full Text Available El síndrome diencefálico es un complejo de síntomas y signos causados por disfunción de esta área del encéfalo caracterizado por una marcada desnutrición aun cuando la ingesta calórica es normal. Se presentan dos casos, el primero de ellos una niña de 13 meses de edad con antecedentes de un fallo de medro a partir del tercer mes de vida, que ingresó en este servicio para el estudio de una desnutrición proteico energética severa que presentó en el transcurso de su evolución un apetito inestable y al mes de ingresada un evento paroxístico. Se le realizó resonancia magnética nuclear y se comprobó imagen hipodensa, redondeada, que medía aproximadamente 3 x 3 cm en región supraselar; fue intervenida quirúrgicamente en 2 ocasiones, se realizó exéresis del tumor, y se confirmó anatomopatológicamente un astrocitoma pilocítico de bajo grado. El segundo paciente, un lactante que ingresó con el diagnóstico confirmado de tumor intracraneal para estudio, semejante al caso presentado anteriormente, mostraba una marcada desnutrición proteico energética, se le realizó tomografía axial computarizada en la que se pudo apreciar una extensa masa tumoral supraselar con dilatación del sistema ventricular. Durante su evolución presentó marcada anorexia con pérdida de peso progresiva, por lo que se realizó gastrostomía. A los 59 días falleció como consecuencia de una pancitopenia, y la necropsia concluyó: astrocitoma pilocítico de bajo grado.Diencephalic syndrome is a set of symptoms and signs caused by dysfunction in this area of the encephalon and characterized by marked malnutrition despite adequate intake of calories. Two cases were reported in this paper. The first one was a 13-years old girl with a history of medro failure since her 3rd month of life, who was admitted to this service for the study of her severe protein/energy malnutrition. In the course of her hospitalization, she presented with unstable appetite and

La enfermedad cerebrovascular en pacientes desde 29 días a 18 años de edad Cerebrovascular disease in patients from 29 days born to 18 years old

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Nadia Arteche Díaz

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción: la enfermedad cerebrovascular, tanto en adultos como en los niños, en los últimos años ha constituido un problema de gran interés para la comunidad médica y científica nacional e internacional. Objetivo: caracterizar la enfermedad cerebrovascular en pacientes desde 29 días de nacido hasta 18 años de edad. Material y método: se realizó una investigación descriptiva y retroprospectiva de los pacientes atendidos en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Pedriático Docente "Pepe Portilla" en Pinar del Río, en el período comprendido de julio de 2005 a junio de 2011. La muestra estuvo consituida por 20 pacientes desde 29 de días de nacidos hasta 18 años de edad. Se revisaron las historias clínicas y se realizó una encuesta. Resultados: la tasa de incidencia anual más alta fue de 2,7 por 100 000 habitantes; el grupo de edad de mayor incidencia fue el de 5 a 14 años (2,2 por 100 000 habitantes; el diagnóstico más frecuente fue la hemorragia intracraneal (65 %; la evolución de los pacientes fue favorable con el tratamiento adecuado y solo cinco pacientes fallecieron debido a la enfermedad cerebrovascular (letalidad=25 % y se realizó tratamiento quirúrgico en un paciente con aneurisma de la carótida interna derecha, presentando evolución favorable sin secuelas neurológicas. Conclusiones: el tratamiento de los pacientes pediátricos con enfermedad cerebrovascular en la provincia de Pinar del Río, requiere de la aplicación de un programa de diagnóstico y manejo integral personalizado para permitir una evolución favorable, mejorando la calidad de vida del paciente.Introduction: cerebrovascular disease, both in adults and children, has constituted a problem of interest to the medical, national and international scientific community during last years. Objective: to characterize cerebrovascular disease in patients from 29 days born to 18 years old. Material and Method: a descriptive and retrospective

Renal replacement therapy in Latin American end-stage renal disease

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Rosa-Diez, Guillermo; Gonzalez-Bedat, Maria; Pecoits-Filho, Roberto; Marinovich, Sergio; Fernandez, Sdenka; Lugon, Jocemir; Poblete-Badal, Hugo; Elgueta-Miranda, Susana; Gomez, Rafael; Cerdas-Calderon, Manuel; Almaguer-Lopez, Miguel; Freire, Nelly; Leiva-Merino, Ricardo; Rodriguez, Gaspar; Luna-Guerra, Jorge; Bochicchio, Tomasso; Garcia-Garcia, Guillermo; Cano, Nuria; Iron, Norman; Cuero, Cesar; Cuevas, Dario; Tapia, Carlos; Cangiano, Jose; Rodriguez, Sandra; Gonzalez, Haydee; Duro-Garcia, Valter

2014-01-01

The Latin American Dialysis and Renal Transplant Registry (RLADTR) was founded in 1991; it collects data from 20 countries which are members of Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nefrología e Hipertension. This paper presents the results corresponding to the year 2010. This study is an annual survey requesting data on incident and prevalent patients undergoing renal replacement treatment (RRT) in all modalities: hemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis (PD) and living with a functioning graft (LFG), etc. Prevalence and incidence were compared with previous years. The type of renal replacement therapy was analyzed, with special emphasis on PD and transplant (Tx). These variables were correlated with the gross national income (GNI) and the life expectancy at birth. Twenty countries participed in the surveys, covering 99% of the Latin American. The prevalence of end stage renal disease (ESRD) under RRT in Latin America (LA) increased from 119 patients per million population (pmp) in 1991 to 660 pmp in 2010 (HD 413 pmp, PD 135 pmp and LFG 111 pmp). HD proportionally increased more than PD, and Tx HD continues to be the treatment of choice in the region (75%). The kidney Tx rate increased from 3.7 pmp in 1987 to 6.9 pmp in 1991 and to 19.1 in 2010. The total number of Tx's in 2010 was 10 397, with 58% deceased donors. The total RRT prevalence correlated positively with GNI (r2 0.86; P < 0.05) and life expectancy at birth (r2 0.58; P < 0.05). The HD prevalence and the kidney Tx rate correlated significantly with the same indexes, whereas the PD rate showed no correlation with these variables. A tendency to rate stabilization/little growth was reported in the most regional countries. As in previous reports, the global incidence rate correlated significantly only with GNI (r2 0.63; P < 0.05). Diabetes remained the leading cause of ESRD. The most frequent causes of death were cardiovascular (45%) and infections (22%). Neoplasms accounted for 10% of the causes of death. The

Aortopexy for the treatment of tracheomalacia in children: review of the literature

Science.gov (United States)

2012-01-01

delicate is represented by those with associated gastro-esophageal reflux, in whom a fundoplication should be performed. Other treatments of tracheomalacia, particularly tracheal stenting, were associated with a higher rate of failure, severe morbidity and mortality. Non english abstract La tracheomalacia severa rappresenta una sfida per Pediatri, Intensivisti, Pneumologi, Otorinolaringoiatri, Chirurghi Pediatri. Il trattamento della tracheomalacia è tuttora controverso. L’aortopessi è considerata da molti la migliore opzione terapeutica. Abbiamo condotto una revisione della letteratura di lingua inglese su tale argomento. Di 125 lavori, 40 sono stati inclusi nella revisione. Tra 758 pazienti (62% maschi) affetti da tracheomalacia, 581 sono stati sottoposti ad aortopessi tra il 1968 e il 2008. In 659 pazienti alcune comorbidità erano presenti. L’associazione più frequente era con l’atresia esofagea (44%), l’anello vascolare o un’anomalia dei grossi vasi (18%), la compressione da parte dell’arteria innominata (16%); nel 9% la tracheomalacia era idiopatica. I sintomi riportati sono stati variabili, ma l’indicazione più importante all’aortopessi sono stati eventi di ALTE, osservati nel 43% dei pazienti. Lo studio diagnostico preoperatorio principale è stato la broncoscopia. L’approccio chirurgico è avvenuto attraverso una toracotomia anteriore sinistra nel 72% dei pazienti, mentre un approccio mediano è stato scelto nel 14% e nell’1.3% dei casi è stato eseguito un approccio toracoscopico. Al follow-up (mediana di 47 mesi) la maggioranza dei pazienti sono migliorati significativamente, ma l’8% di essi non è migliorato, il 4% è peggiorato e il 6% è morto. Complicazioni sono state riportate nel 15% dei pazienti, nell’1% un nuovo intervento di aortopessi è stato necessario. In questa revisione abbiamo trovato che non c’è un consenso generale sulla valutazione e sulla descrizione dei sintomi, sulle indicazioni chirurgiche ed esami

Short-Lived Radioisotope Production, Processing, Distribution and Applications in Korea; Production, Traitement, Distribution et Applications des Radioisotopes a Courte Periode En Coree; ПРОИЗВОДСТВО КОРОТКОЖИВУЩИХ ИЗОТОПОВ В КОРЕЕ, ИХ ОБРАБОТКА, РАССЫЛКА И ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ; Produccion, Elaboracion, Distribuciony Aplicacion de Radioisotopos de Periodo Corto en Corea

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Kuk Kim, Chong [Department of Chemistry, Atomic Energy Research Institute, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

1963-03-15

isotopos en diversas esferas. La mas importante es el empleo de {sup 24}Na para detectar fugas en depositos de almacenamiento de aguas destinadas al riego. Como en Corea del Sur existen casi 1500 depositos de esta clase, la deteccion de las fugas constituye un problema de gran importancia economica. El mismo isotopo se aplica tambien en estudios metabolicos en casos de hipertension y para investigar el mecanismo de mezcla en sistemas en fase liquido-liquido. Todos estos estudios se realizan con exito y resultan poco onerosos. (author) [Russian] Opisyvaetsja proizvodstvo, obrabotka i rassylka korotkozhivushhih izotopov Issledovatel'skim institutom po atomnoj jenergii Korei. Rassmatrivajutsja izotopy Na{sup 24}, Cu{sup 64}, K{sup 42}, Mo{sup 90}, W{sup 187}, kolloidnoe zoloto Au{sup 198}, Br{sup 82m}, J{sup 128}. V doklade rassmatrivaetsja takzhe vopros o primenenii jetih izotopov v razlichnyh otrasljah v Koree. Naibolee vazhnym javljaetsja primenenie Na{sup 24} dlja obnaruzhenija utechki iz irrigacionnyh vodohranilishh. Tak kak v Juzhnoj Koree imeetsja priblizitel'no 1500 takih vodohranilishh, obnaruzhenie utechki predstavljaet soboj obshhegosudarstvennuju problemu. Na{sup 24} primenjaetsja takzhe dlja metabolicheskih issledovanij pri gipertonii i dlja izuchenija mehanizma smeshenija vzaimosmeshivagaihsja sistem gadkostg zhidkost'. (author)

Caracterización de neonatos con peso inferior a 2000 g Characterization of newborns with a birth weight under 2000 g

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Odalys Martín Blanco

2008-09-01

: An observational, descriptive, analytic, longitudinal and prospective study was carried out among newborn infants with a birth weight under 2000 g that were born during this period. In the statistical analysis, frequency distribution, mean and standard deviation of weight gain, height, and cephalic and brachial circunferences were used. RESULTS. 96.16 % of the studied patients were born with a birth weight between 1000 and 1999 g. 93.27 % were below the 36.6 weeks of pregnancy, and in 75.96 % of the cases, delivery was dystocic. 61.54 % of the newborn infants had a weight according to its gestational age. There was a predominance of patients with associated risk factors. More than half had an associated morbidity, due mainly to sepsis (25.96 %. 10.58 % of the newborn died. CONCLUSIONS. The main causes of the low weight of newborns were multiple pregnancy and hipertensive disease during gestation. Deaths were lower than expected. In patients with a symmetric retarded intrauaterine growth, weigh gain and height on discharge were significantly higher than in the asymmetric and they proved to be adequate for their gestational age.

Monitoreo neurointensivo en pediatría (II: Pruebas dinámicas

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Eduardo M. Pleguezuelo Rodríguez

2001-06-01

Full Text Available El traumatismo craneoencefálico grave (TCEG continúa siendo la principal causa de muerte y discapacidad en pediatría, de la misma manera es el factor determinante del pronóstico en niños con trauma multisistémico, no sólo al llevar a la desaparición del ser físico, sino que deja en ocasiones en estados limítrofes entre la vida y la muerte como son los llamados estados vegetativos. En las últimas décadas se ha revolucionado el modo de tratamiento de estos pacientes, pasando del tratamiento neuroquirúrgico convencional, el cual se realizaba en salas de neurocirugía y se comportaba con una mortalidad mayor del 70 %, al tratamiento neurointensivo, Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI, y se define por el neuromonitoreo continuo, intensivo e invasivo, que permite identificar una serie de fenómenos fisiopatológicos que son diferentes para cada paciente y de esta manera tratarlos de forma racional, con lo cual se ha conseguido reducir la mortalidad a niveles inferiores al 30 %. Después de más de 5 años de experiencia con esta metodología, en el Hospital Provincial General de la provincia de Camagüey, y más de 2 años de realizar ésta en el Hospital Pediátrico provincial Docente, se decidió en este trabajo describir detalladamente la forma de realizar el monitoreo, así como los valores normales, utilidad clínica y las principales desviaciones patológicas de las variables más importantes en el neuromonitoreo intensivo, como son: presión intracraneal (PIC, hemodinámicas, metabólicas, las cuales pueden ser realizadas con modestos recursos, disponibles en la mayoría de nuestras salas de terapia intensiva. Este segundo trabajo recoge de forma muy sintética un determinado número de pruebas dinámicas y monitoreo del hemometabolismo cerebral de O2 que podemos realizar en el monitoreo de la PIC a pacientes con traumatismo craneoencefálico grave.Severe carnioencephalic trauma (SCET is still the main cause of death and disability

Pulmonary Scintigraphy for Tumour Diagnosis; La Gammagrafia Pulmonar en Diagnostico Tumoral

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Esteban, J.; Lasa, D.; Herranz, R.; Galvez, F.; Negueruela, J.; Perez-Modrego, S. [Hospital Oncologico Provincial, Madrid (Spain)

1969-05-15

es uno de los metodos mas utiles para el estudio de las alteraciones de.la circulacion pulmonar y para el diagnostico de embolias e infartcs. Sin embargo su utilizacion en diagnostico tumoral apenas si ha pasado de algunos ensayos. Los autores han centrado su atencion en el estudio, mediante gammagrafia, de pacientes con tumores de pulmon primitivos y secundarios a otras localizaciones, encontrando que segun el tipo de tumor el patron de distribucion del trazador es radicalmente distinto. En los tumores metastasicos la repercusion de las lesiones en la gammagraffa es pequena y depende exclusivamente del volumen de la zona de condensacion. Los nodulos tumorales se comportan exclusivamente como zonas inactivas dentro de una masa de parenquima funcional activo y su influencia en la imagen gammagrafica depende exclusivamente del tamano de la zona tumoral y de la cantidad de parenquima sano que se interponga entre ella y el detector. En los tumores pulmonares primitivos y muy especialmente en los localizados en la zona hiliar, lesiones relativamente pequenas originan defectos de captacion amplias zonas del pulmon, que pueden afectar a varios segmentos, a un lobulo e incluso a la totalidad del pulmon. Esta disminucion de captacion no puede explicarse exclusivamente por la imagen tumoral, ni por las zonas de atelectasia asociadas, sino que debe ser motivada por una modificacion profunda de la hemodinamica del puimon afecto. Varios tipos de fenomenos asociados a la progresion tumoral pueden motivar alteraciones vasculares que afecten hasta la periferia del pulmon: la alteracion del regimen ventilatorio con disminucion de la tension de oxigeno que da lugar a una modificacion de las condiciones hemodinamicas; la hipertension pulmonar por compresion de las venas pulmonares de menor resistencia que las arterias; y el estimulo nervioso directo por irritacion de los plexos bronquiales por el crecimiento del tumor y los fenomenos reactivos asociados. (author)

Monitoreo neurointensivo en pediatría (I: Generalidades

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Eduardo M. Pleguezuelo Rodríguez

2001-06-01

Full Text Available Se reporta que el traumatismo craneoencefálico grave (TCEG continúa siendo la principal causa de muerte y discapacidad en pediatría, de la misma manera es el factor determinante del pronóstico en niños con trauma multisistémico, no sólo ocasionando la desaparición del ser físico, sino también dejándolo en ocasiones en estados limítrofes entre la vida y la muerte, tales son los llamados estados vegetativos. En las últimas décadas se ha revolucionado el modo de tratamiento de estos pacientes, y se ha pasado del tratamiento neuroquirúrgico convencional, el cual se realizaba en salas de neurocirugía y se comportaba con una mortalidad mayor del 70 %, al tratamiento neurointensivo, en unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI, y se define por neuromonitoreo continuo, intensivo e invasivo, que permite identificar una serie de fenómenos fisiopatológicos que son diferentes para cada paciente y de esta manera tratarlos de forma racional, con lo cual se ha conseguido reducir la mortalidad a niveles inferiores al 30 %. Después de más de 5 años de experiencia con esta metodología en el Hospital provincial General de la provincia de Camagüey, y más de 2 años de realizarla en el Hospital Pediátrico Provincial Docente "Eduardo Agramonte Piña" se decidió en este trabajo describir detalladamente la forma de realizar el monitoreo, así como los valores normales, utilidad clínica y las principales desviaciones patológicas de las variables más importantes en el neuromonitoreo intensivo, como son: presión intracraneal (PIC, hemodinámicas, metabólicas, las cuales pueden ser realizadas con modestos recursos, disponibles en la mayoría de nuestras salas de terapia intensiva. Este primer trabajo recoge definiciones y elementos generales del monitoreo de la PIC, así como información que se puede obtener con los valores numéricos reflejados en el monitor y con el análisis de la morfología de onda.It is reported that severe cranioencephalic

Efeito do vinho tinto associado ao exercício físico no sistema cardiovascular de ratos espontaneamente hipertensos Efecto del vino tinto asociado al ejercicio físico en el sistema cardiovascular de ratones espontáneamente hipertensos Effect of red wine associated with physical exercise in the cardiovascular system of spontaneously hipertensive rats

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Paulo Roberto Soares Filho

2011-04-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Prática de exercício físico (EF é eficiente no tratamento e na prevenção da hipertensão, associada à melhora do perfil lipídico e da função contrátil cardíaca. Consumo moderado e regular de bebidas alcoólicas, como vinho tinto, desempenha efeito cardiovascular protetor. Polifenóis da bebida apresentam propriedades antioxidantes, beneficiando vasos sanguíneos. Há poucas evidências sobre o consumo de vinho tinto associado ao EF e as influências no sistema cardiovascular. OBJETIVO: Investigar o efeito da interação entre o EF e o consumo moderado de vinho tinto na pressão arterial sistólica (PAS, lipoproteína de alta densidade (HDL, desempenho físico e fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (FEVE de ratos espontaneamente hipertensos (SHR. MÉTODOS: Amostra de 32 SHR distribuídos em quatro grupos: grupo vinho e exercício (GVE, grupo vinho (GV, grupo exercício (GE e grupo controle (GC. Doses de vinho tinto, equivalentes ao consumo moderado em humanos, foram administradas por gavagem, durante dez semanas, simultâneas ao período de EF, realizado em esteira. Os SHR receberam 3,715 ml/kg/dia de vinho. O desempenho físico foi analisado por teste de esforço (TE, e a FEVE foi obtida por medidas ecocardiográficas. A aferição da PAS ocorreu antes e após o protocolo do EF. RESULTADOS: Demonstrou-se redução significativa da PAS nos grupos de intervenção, comparados ao GC. Ao final do protocolo, o GVE apresentou a maior redução. Assim como na PAS, o GVE apresentou melhor resultado nos níveis de HDL. Não houve diferença significativa no desempenho físico e na FEVE entre os grupos. CONCLUSÃO: O EF associado à ingesta moderada de vinho tinto exerce efeito cardioprotetor na PAS e na HDL de SHR. O desempenho físico e a FEVE não são alterados.FUNDAMENTO: Práctica de ejercicio físico (EF es eficiente en el tratamiento y en la prevención de la hipertensión, asociada a la mejora del perfil lipídico y de la función contráctil cardíaca. Consumo moderado y regular de bebidas alcohólicas, como vino tinto, desempeña efecto cardiovascular protector. Polifenoles de la bebida presentan propiedades antioxidantes, beneficiando vasos sanguíneos. Hay pocas evidencias sobre el consumo de vino tinto asociado al EF y las influencias en el sistema cardiovascular. OBJETIVO: Investigar el efecto de la interacción entre el EF y el consumo moderado de vino tinto en la presión arterial sistólica (PAS, lipoproteína de alta densidad (HDL, desempeño físico y fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo (FEVI de ratones espontáneamente hipertensos (SHR. MÉTODOS: Muestra de 32 SHR distribuidos en cuatro grupos: grupo vino y ejercicio (GVE, grupo vino (GV, grupo ejercicio (GE y grupo control (GC. Dosis de vino tinto, equivalentes al consumo moderado en humanos, fueron administradas por gavaje, durante diez semanas, simultáneas al período de EF, realizado en cinta. Los SHR recibieron 3,715 ml/kg/día de vino. El desempeño físico fue analizado por test de esfuerzo (TE, y la FEVI fue obtenida por medidas ecocardiográficas. La medición de la PAS ocurrió antes y después del protocolo del EF. RESULTADOS: Se demostró reducción significativa de la PAS en los grupos de intervención, comparados al GC. Al final del protocolo, el GVE presentó la mayor reducción. Así como en la PAS, el GVE presentó mejor resultado en los niveles de HDL. No hubo diferencia significativa en el desempeño físico y en la FEVI entre los grupos. CONCLUSIÓN: El EF asociado a la ingesta moderada de vino tinto ejerce efecto cardioprotector en la PAS y en la HDL de SHR. El desempeño físico y la FEVI no son alterados.BACKGROUND: Physical exercise (PE is effective in the treatment and prevention of hypertension associated with improved lipid profile and cardiac contractile function. Regular and moderate consumption of alcoholic beverages such as red wine brings a cardiovascular protective effect. Beverage-derived polyphenols have antioxidant properties benefiting blood vessels. There is little evidence on the consumption of red wine associated with PE and the influences on the cardiovascular system. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of physical exercise (PE and moderate red wine intake interaction on systolic blood pressure (SBP, high density lipoprotein (HDL levels, physical performance (PP and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR. METHODS: Sample of 32 SHRs divided into four groups: wine and exercise group (WEG, wine group (WG, exercise group (EG and control group (CG. Red wine doses were given by intra-gastric gavage, during ten weeks, coincident with PE period, performed on treadmills. The SHRs received red wine doses of 3.715 ml/kg/day. Physical performance was analyzed by maximal exercise test (MET and LVEF by echocardiographic measures. SBP measurement was made before and after the PE protocol. RESULTS: Demonstrated that the three groups which suffered intervention presented significant SBP reduction compared to CG. At the end of the protocol, WEG showed the largest reduction. Like in SBP results, WEG showed the best outcome on HDL levels at the experiment end. There was no significant difference of physical performance and LVEF between groups. CONCLUSION: PE associated with moderate red wine intake has cardioprotective effects on SBP and HDL levels in SHR. Their physical performance and LVEF are not modified.

Estudo comparativo da pressão arterial e da prevalência de hipertensão arterial em duas coortes sucessivas (1975-1976 de estudantes de 16 a 25 anos, Botucatu, SP, Brasil Blood pressure levels and hipertension prevalence in 16 to 25 year-old students in Botucatu, S. Paulo, Brazil. A comparative study of two successive cohorts, 1975-1976

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Dináh Borges de Almeida

1978-12-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de determinar os níveis de pressão arterial e a prevalência de hipertensão arterial em uma população jovem, foram realizados pesquisas em dois anos sucessivos em 1.288 e 736 estudantes de Botucatu, SP (Brasil tendo sido comparados os resultados obtidos. As médias das pressões sistólicas da população estudada e dos dois grupos etários desta população (16 a 20 anos e 21 a 25 anos foram idênticas em ambos os anos, tendo as médias das pressões diastólicas diferido de no máximo 2 mmHg; as médias, tanto sistólicas quanto diastólicas, dos dois sexos e da parcela branca da população estudada quanto à idade e sexo também diferiram de no máximo 2 mmHg. As médias da população estudada e sua parcela branca, em ambos os anos, foram superiores no sexo masculino e no grupo etário de 21 a 25 anos. Na população negra e amarela houve disparidade de resultados entre 1975 e 1976, indicando influência da exiguidade do tamanho dos contigentes negro e amarelo desta população. A prevalência de hipertensão arterial (pressão sistólica igual ou maior que 140 mmHg e diastólica igual ou maior que 90 mmHg foi de 5,04% em 1975 e 6,22% em 1976, tendo sido em ambos os anos maior no sexo masculino do que no feminino e no grupo de 21 a 25 do que no de 16 a 20 anos.To determine the prevalence of hypertension and blood pressure levels in a young population group, two groups, one of 1288 students and another of 736, all from Botucatu, were investigated during two consecutive years, and the results were then compared. The mean values for systolic readings of the whole population, as for the two age groups (16 to 20 and 21 to 25 years old, were identical for both years studied; the diastolic mean values differed by 2 mmHg at most. The mean systolic and diastolic reading for both sexes and among the whites also differed by 2 mmHg at most. The mean values for the whole population and among the white population were higher for males than for females, and also higher in the 21 to 25 age group than in the 16 to 20 group. The 1975 and 1976 results for the black and yellow population were inconsistent, reflecting the influence of the small size of these groups. The prevalence of arterial hypertension (systolic readings equal to or higher than 140 mmHg and diastolic readings equal to or higher than 90 mmHg was 5.04% in 1975 and 6.22% in 1976, being higher in the males than in the females and higher in the 21 to 25 age group than in the 16 to 20 year-old group.

Hipertensão arterial sistêmica no setor de emergência: o uso de medicamentos sintomáticos como alternativa de tratamento Systemic hypertension at emergency units: the use of symptomatic drugs as choice for management

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Sandro Gonçalves de Lima

2005-08-01

íveis estabelecidos no critério de alta e tornaram-se assintomáticos após o período de observação.OBJECTIVE: Compare the therapeutic response of symptomatic, hypertensive patients to symptomatic medication or anti-hypertensive drugs at the Emergency Unit. METHODS: A randomized, blind clinical trial involving 100 (one hundred patients assisted at the Cardiology Emergency Unit at Oswaldo Cruz University Hospital (HUOC. All patients reported symptoms associated to systolic pressure (SBP between 180 and 200 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure (DBP between 110 and 120 mmHg. Patients were randomized for treatment with symptomatic (dipirone or diazepan or anti-hipertensive drug (captopril. Those reporting any associated clinical condition and in need of immediate treatment at the Emergency Unit were excluded from the study. Patients reporting no symptoms, and systolic pressure reduced to levels under 180 mmHg and diastolic pressure under 110 mmHg after the 90-minute period were considered as having met discharge criteria. RESULTS: Mean age of population studied was 54.4 years old, most commonly females. Patients were chronic hypertensive, on irregular pharmacological treatment, with low compliance to non-pharmacologic actions, and classified as overweight and obese grade I. Headache, type D (non-angina chest pain, and dyspnea were the most frequent complaints. The number of patients treated with symptomatic drug who reached discharge criteria was similar to that of patients treated with anti-hypertensive (p=0.165. No association was found between previous high blood pressure (HBP diagnosis (p=0.192, pharmacological treatment (p=0.687, and non-pharmacological treatment and discharge criteria. CONCLUSION: Blood pressure (BP was reduced below levels for discharge criteria for a (non-significant higher rate of patients treated with symptomatic drug, who were turned into asymptomatic after the observation period.

Acesso ao serviço de emergência pelos usuários com crise hipertensiva em um hospital de Fortaleza, CE, Brasil Aceso al servicio de urgencia por clientes con crisis de presión alta en un hospital de Fortaleza, CE, Brasil Access to the emergency service by clients with hipertensive crisis in a hospital in Fortaleza, CE, Brazil

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Ana Célia Caetano de Souza

2009-08-01

Full Text Available A crise hipertensiva é uma elevação abrupta e sintomática da pressão arterial com risco de deterioração aguda de órgãos-alvo. Embora na literatura a prevalência do agravo seja de 1%, os riscos de complicações e de morte associadas ao problema de saúde nos serviços de emergência têm revelado a necessidade de aprofundar questões relacionadas ao acesso ao serviço de saúde. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza quantitativa, descritiva, realizada em um hospital público do município de Fortaleza, no período de abril a julho de 2006, com 118 pacientes. Os resultados demonstram que a população com crise hipertensiva tem procurado os serviços de saúde, principalmente os de emergência, a fim de obter atendimento. O estudo indica o acesso como um elemento essencial para satisfação das necessidades dos usuários que procuram os serviços de saúde, sendo o tempo de espera, a resolubilidade e o acolhimento parâmetros importantes na qualidade do atendimento.La crisis hipertensiva es una elevación abrupta y sintomática de la presión arterial con riesgo de deterioro agudo de órganos-blanco. Aunque en las publicaciones la prevalencia del agravamiento sea de 1%, los riesgos de complicaciones y de muerte asociadas al problema de salud en los servicios de emergencia han revelado la necesidad de profundizar en las cuestiones relacionadas al acceso al servicio de salud. Se trata de una investigación de naturaleza cuantitativa, descriptiva, realizada en un hospital público del municipio de Fortaleza, en el periodo de abril a julio de 2006, con 118 pacientes. Los resultados demuestran que la población con crisis hipertensiva ha buscado los servicios de salud, principalmente los de emergencia, para obtener atención. El estudio indica el acceso como un elemento esencial para la satisfacción de las necesidades de los usuarios que buscan los servicios de salud, siendo el tiempo de espera, la resolutividad y la acogida, los parámetros importantes en la calidad de la atención.A hypertensive crisis is a sudden and symptomatic elevatation of blood pressure at risk of acute deterioration of target organs. Although the prevalence in the literature of the burden is 1%, the risk of complications and death associated with the problem of health in the emergency services have revealed the need for deeper issues related to access to the service of health. It is a quantitative and descriptive research, held in a public hospital Fortaleza city, between April and July of 2006, with 118 patients. The results show that people with hypertensive crisis has sought health services, especially the emergency, in order to get care. The study indicates access as a key element in meeting the needs of users who seek the services of health, and the waiting time, the resolution and the reception, important parameters on the quality of care.

Prática do autocuidado vivenciada pela mulher hipertensa: um análise no âmbito da educação em saúde La práctica del autocuidado vivenciada por la mujer hipertensa: un análisis en el ámbito de la educación para la salud Self-care practice lived by hipertensive woman: analysis on the health education focus

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Zélia Maria de Souza Araújo Santos

2006-04-01

Full Text Available A investigação abordou a prática do autocuidado vivenciada pela mulher hipertensa. Estudo exploratório-descritivo, fundamentado na teoria do autocuidado de Orem e desenvolvido com 200 mulheres hipertensas em uma instituição pública de saúde de Fortaleza-CE. Os dados foram coletados durante as consultas de enfermagem, organizados em categorias e analisados conforme os fundamentos da teoria escolhida. Na amostra pesquisada, cerca de 172 (86% mulheres descobriram sua hipertensão mediante sinais e sintomas relacionados ao climatério. Evidenciou-se ainda nas mulheres, déficit de conhecimento e aderência parcial ao tratamento, consequentemente prática ineficaz do autocuidado, em virtude desse déficit. Desta forma, conclui-se que a prática do autocuidado era influenciada pela idade, pelo estágio de desenvolvimento e por problemas sociais, financeiros e de saúde.La investigación abordó la práctica del autocuidado vivenciada por la mujer hipertensa. Estudio exploratorio-descriptivo, fundamentado en la teoría del autocuidado de Orem y desarrollado con 200 mujeres hipertensas en una institución pública de salud de Fortaleza-CE. Los datos fueron recogidos durante las consultas de enfermería, organizados en categorías y analizados de acuerdo a los fundamentos de la teoría escogida. En la muestra pesquisada, cerca de 172 (86% mujeres descubrieron su hipertensión mediante señales e síntomas relacionados al climaterio. Se evidenció además en las mujeres un déficit de conocimiento, adhesión parcial al tratamiento y una práctica ineficaz de autocuidado en virtud de ese déficit. De esa forma, conclúyese que la práctica del autocuidado era influenciada por la edad, por el estadio de desarrollo y por problemas sociales, financieros y de salud.This study approached the practice of self care lived by the women that suffer with high blood pressure. Descriptive-exploratory study which was inspired on the Orem's self-care theory and developed with 200 women who presented high blood pressure at a Public Health Agency, located in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. The data were collected during nursing encounters, organized in categories, and analyzed according to the fundaments of the referred Theory. In this surveyed sample, about 172 (86% women found out that they had high blood pressure problems by means of signs and symptoms related to the "climateric". It was evidenced on the women interviewed, that they presented knowledge knowledge about this syndrome, partial adherence to the treatment, and consequently inefficient practice of self-care, related to this deficit. In this way, it is possible to conclude that the self-care practice was influenced by the age, by disease stage development, and by the social, economic and health problems.

Cirurgia redutora de volume pulmonar: critérios de seleção de pacientes no Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS: criteria for selecting patient in Antonio Pedro Hospital, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói city, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Rodolfo Fred Behrsin

2003-09-01

mais de um fator mórbido a contra-indicar o seu procedimento. A maioria dos pacientes com critérios para CRVP, a recusa, com receio do procedimento ou após programas de reabilitação pulmonar. O critério mais significativo que indicou CRVP em um paciente operado foi a presença de enfisema heterogênio bilateral nos lobos superiores.BACKGROUND: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (CPOD is an important problem in Brazil and other countries. The clinical treatment of ambulatory patients is now reasonably standardized. Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS is an alternative of surgical treatment of emphysema (aside from lung transplantation. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyse patient selection criteria for LVRS. METHODS: This study was carried out using a sample of 31 patients referred to and given assistance to at the Smoking and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Outpatient Ward Antonio Pedro Hospital, who were evaluated to check whether or not they could be eligible for LVRS. Aiming at evaluating the major criteria for eligibility for LVRS, the patients underwent a protocol including standardized anamnesis and physical examination, spirometry with maximum inspiratory and expiratory flow volume curves associated with post-bronchodilatator test, room air arterial blood gases, a six-minute walking test, plain chest roentgenograms and left lateral chest roentgenograms, high-resolution chest computed tomographic scans and lung perfusion scans. Statistical analysis was conducted with description of data proportions. RESULTS: Contraindications to surgery included chronic bronchitis (29% or nine patients, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1 more than 80 percent predicted (13% or four patients, negative consent for surgery (10% or three patients, fibrosis pattern, severe depression and bronchiectasis (two patients each one, solitary pulmonary nodule, severe obesity, severe bullous emphysema, pulmonary hipertension, pulmonary resection history

Homoenxerto mitral: uma realidade

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Francisco Diniz Affonso da COSTA

1998-07-01

áfico tardio demonstra a persistência dos bons resultados imediatos. Conclusões: Os resultados imediatos e a curto prazo da substituição da valva mitral por homoenxerto mitral criopreservado foram bastante satisfatórios. Somente com tempos mais prolongados de observação poderemos determinar a durabilidade desse enxerto e, eventualmente, expandir as suas indicações.Background: the use of cryopreserved aortic valve homografts is associated with excellent quality of life, low morbidity and satisfactory durability. We expect to achieve similar results in the mitral position with the use of cryopreserved mitral homografts. Objectives: Evaluate the immediate and short-term results of mitral valve replacement with cryopreserved mitral homografts. Material and Methods: Between July/97 and February/98, 8 patients with a mean age of 40.3 ± 6.2 years were submitted to mitral valve replacement with cryopreserved mitral homografts. Operative technique consisted of latero-lateral papillary muscle fixation, a running continuous suture at annulus level and annuloplasty with a Carpentier ring. Before hospital discharge, all patients were submitted to Doppler echocardiographic control for assessment of valvar and ventricular function. Patients were requested to return at the first and subsequently every 3 months postoperatively for further clinical and echocardiographic control. Results: There was one early non valve-related death. Echocardiographic evaluation before hospital discharge revealed a mean mitral valve area of 3.1 ± 0.6 cm2 and a mean gradient of 3.5 ± 1.6 mmHg. Valvar insufficiency was graded as non-existent or trivial in four cases and mild in the remaining three patients. Ejection fraction which was 57 ± 7% pre-operatively was well preserved in the postoperative period (62 ± 6%. Pulmonary hipertension reduced significantly from 87 ± 15 mmHg pre-operatively to 48 ± 12 mmHg post-operatively. There was also a reduction in the left atrial cavity from 61 ± 10 mm to 53

Analysis of epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients admitted diagnosed with acute ischemic cerebrovascular event in internal medicine services and neurology of the Hospital Mexico in March 2013 to March 2014; Analisis de las caracteristicas epidemiologicas y clinicas de los pacientes ingresados con diagnostico de evento cerebrovascular isquemico agudo en los servicios de medicina interna y neurologia del Hospital Mexico de marzo 2013 a marzo 2014

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Araya Gonzalez, Manuel Alberto

2014-07-01

transformation was documented in 6% of cases. 70% of patients were performed Doppler ultrasound of neck vessels. Without injuries 82%, 9% with obstruction between 50-70% and 9% with over 70% lumen obstruction. Echocardiography was performed in 54% of cases and 76% was obtained left ventricular hypertrophy, left atrial dilation 37% and 2% intramural thrombus. With respect to functionality 81% of patients had no or minimal dependence upon admission, to the time of discharge 74% have had moderated to severe disability, 12% mild and only 14% had no disability or this was minimal. 51% of patients have presented one or more complications during hospitalization, the 5 most frequent have been: bronchopneumonia 25%, bronchial aspiration and urinary tract infection 19%, 16% cognitive impairment and 10% cardiac arrhythmias. The average overall stay has been 13 days. Internal medicine has been 14± days and in neurology has been 12 ± days. The mortally rate has been 19% while 71% of patients were discharged to home and 10% were moved to the medical center. (author) [Spanish] Expedientes de 100 pacientes internos fueron revisados con el diagnostico de evento cerebrovascular isquemico, en los servicios de neurologia y medicina interna del Hospital Mexico desde marzo del 2013 hasta marzo del 2014. Del total de pacientes 46 eran hombres y 54 eran mujeres. La edad promedio en general era de 69 anos, para los hombres ha sido de 66 anos y para las mujeres de 71. Pacientes de todas las provincias fueron ingresados, principalmente de San Jose con un 56% y Alajuela con un 19%. El manejo intrahospitalario segun especialidad fue distribuido en 60% medicina interna y 40% neurologia. Los factores de riesgo mas frecuentemente encontrados han sido: hipertension arterial 85%, diabetes mellitus 40%, tabaquismo 35%, dislipidemia 35%. El sobrepeso fue observado en 23% de los pacientes y la obesidad en 22%. En cuanto a las manifestaciones clinicas iniciales documentadas en la primera exploracion fisica, las 6

Electrolyte Concentrations of Intra- and Extracellular Compartments in Some Internal Diseases; Concentration des Electrolytes dans les Compartiments Intra- et Extracellulares, dans Certaines Maladies Internes; ВНУТРИКЛЕТОЧНАЯ И ВНЕКЛЕТОЧНАЯ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИЯ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТОВ ПРИ НЕКОТОРЫХ ВНУТРЕННИХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯХ; Concentraciones de Electrolitos en Comp Artimientos Intra y Extracelulares en Algunas Enfermedades Internas

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Itahara, K.; Ito, K.; Tominaga, T.; Jimbo, T.; Sato, T. [Tohoku University, Sendai (Japan)

1963-03-15

extracellulaire etait de 42,8 et 48,7, respectivement, pendant l'attaque qui avait ete provoquee, tandis que l'elimination de potassium par l'urine n'augmentait pas. Il a ete demontre qu'un transfert de mineraux s'etait produit entre les liquides extiacellulaire et intracellulaire. En provoquant une paralysie complete ou incomplete par le glucose et l'insuline chez des malades ayant deja subi des attaques de paralysie, on a constate dans cinq cas sur huit que le rapport des concentrations depassait 38,0 pendant chacune des attaques. On a aussi constate que l'augmentation de cette valeur etait liee a la gravite de la paralysie. La pathogenese de la paralysie semble donc due non seulement a une augmentation du potentiel de repos des muscles mais aussi a la difference entre les concentrations intra- et extracellulaites du potassium. Tableau I indique les differentes compositions electrolytiques enregistrees dans ces maladies. (author) [Spanish] En la tercera Conferencia sobre Radioisotopos que se celebro en 1959 en el Japon, los autores presentaron una memoria sobre la medicion de la masa total de agua del organismo (espacio D{sub 2}O), del volumen de los fluidos extracelulares (espacio rrianitol), y de las cantidades totales de sodio y potasio intercambiables en enfermos edematosos e hipertensos. La memoria actual describe el estudio de las concentraciones de sodio y potasio en los fluidos extra e intracelulares empleando {sup 24}Na y {sup 42}K en sujetos que padecen hipertension, aldosteronismo primario y paralisis periodica. En 10 hipertensos, el valor medio de la concentracion de sodio intercambiable ( Nae) - expresada en mEq/kg de peso corporal - era de 45,2 (valor normal: 39,5), en tanto que en 14 otros enfermos, el valor medio de la concentracion de potasio intercambiable (Ke) ascendia a 32,5 (valor normal: 42,7). La razon de las concentraciones intracelulares K/Na era de 1,8 (valor normal: 2,9) y la razon de las concentraciones intra y extra- celulares de potasio ascendia a