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Sample records for herida facial por

  1. Manejo quirúrgico urgente de heridas faciales por mordedura humana Urgent surgical management of facial human bite wounds

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    A. Fernández García

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available Las heridas por mordedura pueden generar algunas dificultades quirúrgicas en su manejo inicial debido a su especial predisposición a las complicaciones sépticas y la importante destrucción tisular frecuentemente asociada. Sin embargo, es importante su reparación inmediata, especialmente en el caso de amputaciones y colgajos por avulsión. Las mordeduras humanas se hallan envueltas además en consideraciones psicológicas que incrementan la dificultad del tratamiento debido a las espectativas estéticas de los pacientes que las sufren. Este trabajo analiza 7 casos de mordedura facial humana desde los puntos de vista epidemiológico y clínico. Presentamos y discutimos el uso de los tejidos amputados como fuente de injertos de piel, injertos condrales y el papel de los colgajos locales en dos tiempos en la cirugía de urgencia de estas lesiones.Bite wounds can create several surgical difficulties in their initial management due to the special facility for infectious complications and the frequent association with extensive tissue damage. However, the immediate repair its desirable, mainly in amputations and flap avulsions. The human bite wounds are also involved by psychological considerations that increase the difficulty of the treatment due to patient´s aesthetic expectations. This article analyzes 7 cases of facial human bites under the epidemiological and clinical points of view. The use of the amputated tissues to obtain skin grafts, condral grafts, and the role of local two stage flaps in the emergency surgery of these wounds are exposed and discussed.

  2. Herida facial por arma de fuego: presentación de un caso Facial wound caused by firearm: A case psresentation

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    Juan Carlos Quintana Díaz

    2007-06-01

    Full Text Available Se presenta un caso de un niño yemenita de 6 años de edad del poblado de Maabar que fue atendido por el equipo interdisciplinario de profesores cubanos del Hospital Al Waheda perteneciente a la Universidad de Thamar, el cual recibió una herida maxilofacial por proyectil de arma de fuego, que le ocasionó gran destrucción de los tejidos de la región nasal, zona por donde salió el proyectil. Se expone en el trabajo cómo se le salvó la vida a este niño y se reconstruyó el defecto facial gracias a la ardua labor de los profesores cubanos, que devolvieron a este niño a la sociedad con vida, con una excelente rehabilitación estética y funcional, demostrando una vez mas la humana labor de la medicina cubana en países hermanos.The case of a Yemenite child aged 6 with a maxillofacial wound caused by firearm involving destruction of nasal area tissues, oulet point of projectile, he is resident of Maabar built-up area is presented, who was cared by interdisciplinary staff of Cuban professors of Al Waheda Hospital of Thamar University. In present paper is showed the way how his life was saved, and facial defect was reconstructed thanks to arduous work of Cuban professors, who returned this child alive to society with an excellent cosmetic and functional rehabilitation, showing once again the human work of Cuban medicine in brother countries.

  3. Herida precordial por arma blanca

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    Marcelo F. Jiménez

    2005-04-01

    Full Text Available Varón de 42 años con esquizofrenia paranoide. Intento de suicidio con tres autolesiones por arma blanca (Fig. 1. Fue traído al hospital en estado consciente, taquicárdico, taquipneico y con tensión arterial (TA de 140/90 mmHg. Fue trasladado al quirófano, donde se practicó una toracotomía axilar izquierda sin extraer el arma. Durante la intervención se apreciaron tres heridas incisas, dos no penetrantes, hemotórax de 150 ml, herida pericárdica de 4 cm, sin lesiones cardíacas. La hoja del arma blanca penetraba a través del diafragma produciendo una herida incisa en el lóbulo hepático izquierdo (Fig. 2. Se extrajo el arma y se suturó la laceración hepática. El paciente fue trasladado el cuarto día a la Unidad de Psiquiatría.

  4. Herida precordial por arma blanca

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    Marcelo F. Jiménez; Nuria Novoa; José Luis Aranda; Gonzalo Varela

    2005-01-01

    Varón de 42 años con esquizofrenia paranoide. Intento de suicidio con tres autolesiones por arma blanca (Fig. 1). Fue traído al hospital en estado consciente, taquicárdico, taquipneico y con tensión arterial (TA) de 140/90 mmHg. Fue trasladado al quirófano, donde se practicó una toracotomía axilar izquierda sin extraer el arma. Durante la intervención se apreciaron tres heridas incisas, dos no penetrantes, hemotórax de 150 ml, herida pericárdica de 4 cm, sin lesiones cardíacas. La hoja del ar...

  5. Empleo de la tintura de propóleo al 5 % en la cura de heridas sépticas faciales

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    JUAN C QUINTANA DÍAZ

    Full Text Available Debido a las propiedades que se le atribuyen a la tintura de propóleo empleamos esta sustancia para curar heridas sépticas faciales en un grupo de 10 pacientes, con el objetivo de comprobar su efectividad, si tenemos en cuenta además la situación económica de nuestro país. Queda demostrada la efectividad de este producto apícola como medicina alternativa, ya que el 90 % de los pácientes presentó una total mejoría en los primeros 7 días de tratamiento y sólo 1 paciente necesitó 13 días para la cura total de la herida, por lo que se demuestra su gran efectividad en esta afección y se recomienda su uso.

  6. Empleo de la tintura de propóleo al 5 % en la cura de heridas sépticas faciales

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    JUAN C QUINTANA DÍAZ

    1997-06-01

    Full Text Available Debido a las propiedades que se le atribuyen a la tintura de propóleo empleamos esta sustancia para curar heridas sépticas faciales en un grupo de 10 pacientes, con el objetivo de comprobar su efectividad, si tenemos en cuenta además la situación económica de nuestro país. Queda demostrada la efectividad de este producto apícola como medicina alternativa, ya que el 90 % de los pácientes presentó una total mejoría en los primeros 7 días de tratamiento y sólo 1 paciente necesitó 13 días para la cura total de la herida, por lo que se demuestra su gran efectividad en esta afección y se recomienda su uso.Due to the properties of the propolis tincture and taking into consideration the economic situation existing in our country, we used this substance to cure septic facial wounds in a group of ten patients aimed at proving its effectiveness. 90 % fo the patients had a total improvement during the first 7 days of treatment and only 1 patient needed 13 days for the complete cure of the wound, which demonstrates the effectiveness of this apicultural products as an alternative drug for this affection, and makes its use recommendable.

  7. Herida por asta de toro en el área maxilofacial: revisión de la literatura y presentación de un caso Maxillofacial injury by bull goring: literature review and case report

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    J.L. Crespo Escudero

    2008-10-01

    Full Text Available Introducción. Las heridas por asta de toro son relativamente frecuentes en España y países iberoamericanos, donde los espectáculos con estos animales son habituales. Dichas heridas presentan unas características específicas que las diferencian de cualquier otro tipo de heridas. Material y método. Se presenta el caso de un paciente varón de 18 años, remitido al Hospital 12 de Octubre por el SAMUR tras sufrir una cornada en la región cérvicofacial durante los encierros de San Sebastián de los Reyes en el verano de 2005. El paciente presenta una herida inciso-contusa y anfractuosa desde la región supraclavicular izquierda hasta la comisura labial ipsilateral, con fractura mandibular conminuta a nivel de ángulo izquierdo y cuerpo derecho, fractura dentoalveolar de piezas 1.3 a 2.3, y laceración severa de la musculatura lingual y suelo de boca. Discusión. La mayor parte de los politraumatizados por asta de toro son varones, con una edad media de 30. Las victimas suelen ser participantes espontáneos, aficionados a los eventos taurinos y no toreros profesionales. Si bien las heridas por asta de toro pueden producirse en cualquier parte del cuerpo, la localización más frecuente en todas las series revisadas es el miembro inferior. La región cérvicofacial es una de las menos afectadas en todas las series. Todos los autores coinciden en la baja incidencia de heridas pese a la gran cantidad de aficionados y curiosos atraídos y por esta modalidad de festejos taurinos. Por todas las características particulares del mecanismo de lesión, el tratamiento debe ser urgente y debe realizarse un traslado lo más rápidamente posible a un hospital. Todos los autores están de acuerdo en que inicialmente el paciente con una lesión por asta de toro debe ser considerado un paciente politraumatizado y tratado como tal. Conclusión. Las heridas faciales por asta de toro son una entidad propia que no tienen equivalente con las distintas etiolog

  8. Abordaje de enfermería en heridas de urgencias

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    R. Fernando García González

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available Las heridas ocupan un porcentaje elevado en las demandas de los servicios de urgencias, tanto hospitalario como extrahospitalario. Son lesiones producidas por el efecto de un agente externo que actúa de manera brusca sobre una parte de nuestro organismo, provocando una rotura de la superficie cutánea o mucosa, una discontinuidad en el epitelio que lo reviste. En este artículo queremos abordar la importancia que tiene una valoración inicial de la herida de forma integral, el mecanismo causal que la provocó, así como el tiempo que ha transcurrido desde que se ha producido, factores todos ellos de gran importancia; así como poderla clasificar de forma adecuada para, posteriormente, iniciar los cuidados correctos en función de las características de cada paciente y de la propia herida. Muchos son los elementos que cobran importancia en el proceso de cicatrización de la propia herida, además de una serie de factores que van a hacer que este proceso de reparación se vea mermado por múltiples razones.

  9. ¿Es efectiva la aplicación de apósitos en las heridas quirúrgicas que cierran por primera intención para prevenir la infección?

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    Miriam Paula Marcos

    Full Text Available Pregunta clínica: En los pacientes con riesgo de infección en la herida quirúrgica, ¿es efectiva la aplicación de apósitos en las heridas quirúrgicas que cierran por primera intención para prevenir la infección? Artículo seleccionado: Walter CJ, Dumville JC, Sharp CA, Page T. Systematic review and meta-analysis of wound dressings in the prevention of surgical-site infections in surgical wounds healing by primary intention. Br J Surg. 2012;99(9:1185-94. doi: 10.1002/bjs.8812. Resumen del estudio: se trata de una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis, que pretende comparar los apósitos alternativos o los apósitos en la herida con dejarlas expuestas para el tratamiento posoperatorio de las heridas quirúrgicas que cicatrizan por primera intención. Comentario: El estudio se adecua a los criterios propuestos en la lista de comprobación PRISMA para revisiones sistemáticas, siendo en términos generales de buena calidad. No hubo evidencia de que algún apósito redujese significativamente las tasas de infección de la herida quirúrgica en comparación con cualquier otro o con la exposición al aire de la herida. Tampoco hubo diferencias en relación con el dolor, cicatrización o aceptación del apósito. La calidad de la evidencia es alta según la clasificación GRADE. Conclusiones: no se identificaron diferencias en las tasas de infección entre las heridas quirúrgicas cubiertas con algún apósito y las que quedaban al descubierto. Sin embargo, las decisiones sobre aplicar un apósito en la herida se deben basar tanto en los costos del apósito y en las propiedades para el control de los síntomas ofrecidas por cada tipo de apósito como en el control de los exudados.

  10. Tratamientos innovadores utilizados en el manejo de las heridas crónicas

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    Natalia Rodríguez-Gil

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: Del tipo de tratamiento y la eficacia del mismo depende la evolución y la mejora en la calidad de vida del paciente con heridas crónicas; existen diversos tratamientos para las heridas crónicas de acuerdo con el tipo de lesión, la duración del tratamiento y los factores individuales del paciente. Los diversos tratamientos innovadores demuestran resultados favorables en cuanto a la reducción del tiempo y el tamaño de las heridas crónicas. Este artículo tiene como objetivo describir los tratamientos innovadores utilizados en el manejo de las heridas crónicas, de uso poco frecuente en las clínicas de heridas. Metodología: revisión de la literatura estructurada en tres fases: recolección de artículos en bases de datos como Scopus, Pubmed, Dialnet, Ebscohots, y Elsevier; uso de palabras clave como pie diabético, herida crónica y úlcera por presión; revisión y clasificación de 50 artículos en idioma español, inglés y portugués. Resultados: se registraron 12 tratamientos innovadores para el manejo de las heridas cónicas, cada uno con evidencia científica de su utilidad en los distintos tipos de heridas crónicas. Conclusión: conocer nuevos tratamientos ayuda al enfermero a ampliar las opciones de intervención, presentar alternativas de tratamiento de menor costo, o más rápida dependiendo del tipo de herida y la condición del paciente.

  11. ¿Por qué la cura en ambiente húmedo debe limitarse sólo al tratamiento de las heridas crónicas?: La evidencia clínica al servicio de la cura de los tatuajes

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    Joan Blanco Blanco

    Full Text Available Desde hace años, aparece una nueva forma de entender el proceso de cicatrización basado en materiales de cura en ambiente húmedo (CAH. Su principal finalidad es la de mantener la herida en una situación idónea para su correcta cicatrización, especialmente en las heridas crónicas, aunque con él y gracias a su gran eficacia, se han ido haciendo un hueco en el mundo de las heridas agudas. En base a estos hechos, nos planteamos la aplicabilidad de la CAH no sólo en el ámbito de las heridas crónicas, donde a día de hoy es el tratamiento de elección, si no también en las heridas agudas, donde aún queda mucho camino por recorrer. El objetivo de este trabajo es aplicar las mejores evidencias para establecer el tratamiento de elección de las heridas hechas con la técnica del tatuaje. El caso expuesto parece indicar que la CAH es beneficiosa en el campo de los tatuajes en cuanto al aumento en la velocidad de curación, a la calidad de la coloración y dibujo del tatuaje y a la disminución del dolor. Por último, nos gustaría destacar que, entre toda la gama de apósitos, los hidrocoloides pueden ser una buena solución y, entre ellos, los que son finos son los que nos permitirán el control visual de la cicatrización y los bordes de la herida y resultan idóneos para heridas superficiales con exudado leve, como son los tatuajes.

  12. El tratamiento inmediato de algunas heridas de la cara. Algunos conceptos esenciales

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    Pere Gabarro

    1941-04-01

    Además la abundancia de cavidades en la cara hace que casi siempre haya un drenaje natural de las heridas, o en todo caso es fácil producirlo quirúrgicamente. Con ello los tejidos lacerados y las secreciones y exudaciones propias de las heridas, son de fácil evacuación. Todo ello ayuda a combatir la posible infección secundaria y por ello podemos, y debemos seguir, en la cara, un tratamiento diferente de el de las otras partes del cuerpo.

  13. Herida penetrante del tórax por un proyectil de arma de fuego localizado inicialmente en el ventrículo izquierdo y luego en la arteria renal derecha

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    Cosío Lima, Ludmila; Gámiz González, Raúl; Cosío Pascal, Miguel

    2017-01-01

    Resumen: Objetivo: Presentar un caso de herida penetrante del corazón con migración del proyectil y comentar los criterios actuales para el manejo de este tipo de pacientes. Las heridas por proyectil de arma de fuego penetrantes a tórax cada día son más frecuentes en todo el mundo y traen aparejada una mortalidad considerable, ya que el calibre y el poder de las armas también son actualmente más letales. Los heridos que logran llegar vivos al hospital están generalmente supeditados a la atenc...

  14. Azúcar y Yodopovidona en la disminución del riesgo de infección de herida operatoria en peritonitis generalizada por apendicitis aguda

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    Gilmar Hurtado Guerrero

    2003-04-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Se realizó un estudio clínico, de asignación aleatoria, abierto (no ciego para comparar la eficacia, en la disminución del Riesgo de Infección, de la aplicación de Azúcar de caña granulado (ACG vs solución de yodopovidona al 10% (YP, de Herida operatoria en pacientes con Peritonitis Generalizada por Apendicitis Aguda (PGAA. Métodos: Entre 1991 y 1996 se incluyeron a estudio 135 sujetos con diagnóstico de PGAA, intervenidos quirúrgicamente en el Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia. Los pacientes fueron asignados aleatoriamente a recibir (ACG o (YP en la Herida Operatoria. Resultados: Ambos grupos fueron estadísticamente comparables en sus características basales como género, edad, promedio de volumen de exudado purulento libre en cavidad peritoneal aspirado, volumen de solución salina al 0.9% usado para el lavado de cavidad peritoneal y en el tiempo operatorio. La frecuencia de infección de herida al 5to día del Post-operatorio para el grupo YP fue de 39.39 % (26 / 66 y el grupo ACG de 28.99% (20/69 (p = 0.20. Se realizó Cierre primario retardo luego del 5to día de Post-operatorio en 89 pacientes, en estos se observó infección de herida en 40% (16/40 para el Grupo YP vs 20.41 % (10/49 para el Grupo ACG (p =0.04, OR: 2.6 IC95%= 0.92 a 7.42. El total de infección de Herida al final del seguimiento fue de 63.64% (42/66 para el grupo YP vs 43.48 % (30 / 69 pacientes para el Grupo ACG. (p= 0.02, OR: 2.28 , IC95% = 1.08 - 4.83. ( Rev Med Hered 2003; 14:74-80 .

  15. Ventajas de la cicatrización cutánea asistida por láser (LASH

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    S. Mordon

    Full Text Available La fase final de toda cirugía es la sutura y su cicatriz correspondiente y, frecuentemente, ésta es la única secuela visible de una intervención. La técnica LASH (cicatrización cutánea asistida por láser, estimula los mecanismos de reparación de la piel por efecto térmico, condicionando la calidad de la cicatrización. Estudios experimentales en ratones comparando los resultados obtenidos en heridas quirúrgicas radiadas con laser diodo 810 nm tras ser suturadas, con los obtenidos en igual tipo de heridas suturadas de manera convencional, han demostrado que se consiguen cicatrices mucho menos visibles cuando se practica el tratamiento con láser. La histología confirma, comparativamente, una notable aceleración del proceso cicatricial con modificación del TGFβ (Transforming Growth Factor-Beta directamente implicado en la reparación tisular, en los animales en los que la sutura fue asistida por láser. Igualmente, el análisis tensiométrico demostró mayor resistencia a la acción de estiramiento mecánico en estas heridas. Estudios clínicos en pacientes sometidos a dermolipectomia, reducción mamaria y estiramiento facial, demuestran que al tratar con LASH una parte o una de las líneas de sutura, los análisis realizados tanto por los pacientes como por cirujanos independientes a los 8 días, 3 meses y un año, evidencian resultados más favorables para la técnica láser, Las dosis eficaces determinadas para las fluencias láser están entre 80 y 120 J/cm². La técnica LASH es simple de efectuar, reproducible, rápida y ofrece una clara evidencia de que es posible reducir considerablemente la cicatriz, logrando que ésta sea de mejor calidad y más estética.

  16. Métodos alternativos para el tratamiento de pacientes con heridas infectadas

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    Rodríguez Ramírez, Rafael; González Tuero, Jaime Humberto

    2011-01-01

    Se revisó la bibliografía médica disponible sobre el uso de algunas sustancias de origen natural, utilizadas desde la antigüedad para tratar a personas lesionadas, inicialmente por traumatismos. Con el transcurso del tiempo, los conocimientos trasmitidos de una generación a otra condujeron a emplearlas para desinfectar heridas quirúrgicas y curar o cicatrizar úlceras, escaras y quemaduras, entre otras lesiones. La miel, el azúcar y los peloides, específicamente el limo, han devenido eficaces ...

  17. ¿Qué nos dicen los estudios de incidencia de infección de la herida quirúrgica?

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    Mario Humberto Vásquez Peralta

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Las infecciones de la herida quirúrgica constituyen un importante problema de salud en la actualidad. Sin embargo, aún queda pendiente conocer el aporte de las diversas investigaciones afines al esclarecimiento de esta problemática. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el conocimiento generado a partir de este tipo de estudios a nivel mundial y fomentar la producción de investigaciones sobre la incidencia de infecciones de herida quirúrgica en Ecuador. Se realizó un análisis documental del contenido de 27 documentos, previamente seleccionados por su pertinencia y alineación al objetivo de la investigación. El proceso se sustentó en una adaptación de la metodología propuesta por Guimarães, Moraes y Guarido en el año 2007. Se construyó el andamiaje operacional a partir de la identificación, extracción y condensación de la información.

  18. ¿Puede un bolso provocar una úlcera por presión?: Caso clínico: importancia de la atención integral a las personas que sufren heridas

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    Ángel Romero-Collado

    Full Text Available Las úlceras por presión se pueden presentar en las situaciones más inesperadas, como el caso de esta paciente de 60 años, completamente autónoma, que a raíz de una luxación inveterada de la articulación acromioclavicular y la interacción de factores internos (desnutrición, anemia y hepatopatía y externos, padeció una úlcera por presión de estadio II en el hombro. La valoración integral de la persona y su herida permitió a la paciente recuperar la integridad cutánea de la zona y ser intervenida para rectificar así la luxación y mejorar su calidad de vida.

  19. El sexo es bueno, pero no puedo: representaciones de mujeres y hombres con heridas crónicas

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    Evanilda Souza de Santana Carvalho

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo principal: Aprehender y analizar las representaciones sociales sobre el sexo, elaboradas por mujeres y hombres crónicamente heridos. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo. Análisis de contenido temático a partir de la aplicación del Test de Asociación Libre de Palabras y de Entrevistas en semi-estructuradas. Resultados principales: Surgieron tres categorías de análisis: el sexo es bueno y hace bien a la salud, el sexo puede empeorar la herida y el sexo es algo prohibido. Se concluye que las personas con heridas crónicas tienden a abstenerse de mantener relaciones sexuales por creer que podría conllevar implicaciones negativas para su salud y vitalidad. Conclusión principal: El personal de enfermería puede intervenir a través de la escucha terapéutica en la reelaboración de estas representaciones, desmitificando tabúes que comprometan la satisfacción de las necesidades sexuales de estas personas y su calidad de vida.

  20. Alternativa al cierre de heridas crónicas mediante injertos de Reverdin y factores de crecimiento en cirugía menor ambulatoria

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    Francisco Javier Pérez Vega

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available El cierre de heridas crónicas supone una alta tasa en cuidados de enfermería, sobre todo en heridas de difícil cicatrización, debido a la falta de respuesta a los tratamientos aplicados y a la elevada prevalencia del proceso. Es necesario encontrar un método que reduzca el tiempo de curación, evite las complicaciones inherentes al cierre por cura húmeda convencional y pueda realizarse con los recursos disponibles en cualquier medio sanitario. El plasma rico en plaquetas (PRP autólogo se utiliza actualmente como alternativa a la infiltración tradicional con corticoesteroides o en estado gel, en la cobertura o relleno de una determinada zona con pérdida de tejido. El presente estudio combina el uso de PRP e injertos insulares descritos por Reverdin (1869, en 15 individuos que presentan traumatismos con pérdida de sustancia que no responden a la cura húmeda convencional. Los resultados muestran que, tras la primera aplicación de PRP, se aprecia la aparición de tejido de granulación, que es susceptible de recibir el injerto. La combinación de ambas técnicas acorta el período de cicatrización de las heridas tratadas, con equipos de fácil accesibilidad en cualquier centro sanitario, minimizando costes con una expectativa de curación elevada, sumado al procedimiento fácilmente asumible por el personal de enfermería dedicado a cirugía menor ambulatoria.

  1. Atención a pacientes con heridas maxilofaciales producidas por armas de fuego Care of patients presenting with maxillofacial wounds by firearms

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    Juan Carlos Quintana Díaz

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN. Los traumatismos y fracturas maxilofaciales ocasionan deformidades difíciles de ocultar por ser la cara la porción más visible del cuerpo. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo documentar la atención a un grupo de pacientes con heridas maxilofaciales producidas por arma de fuego, que fueron atendidos por la brigada médica cubana del Hospital Al-Waheda de Maabar (República de Yemen. MÉTODOS. Se analizó un grupo de 9 pacientes con heridas maxilofaciales, atendidos en el Hospital Al-Waheda de Maabar, perteneciente a la Universidad de Thamar (Yemen, entre los años 2006 y 2008. Se recogieron los datos siguientes: nombre y apellidos edad, sexo, lesión principal, lesiones asociadas y tipo de tratamiento, así como la evolución de los pacientes. El método estadístico empleado fue el cálculo porcentual. RESULTADOS. Entre las principales lesiones tratadas se encontraron las fracturas mandibulares, nasales y dentoalveolares, para cuyo tratamiento se siguieron las normas de los protocolos establecidos para la atención de este tipo de afección. Los resultados fueron excelentes en todos los pacientes y hubo una rápida recuperación en todos los casos. Se obtuvieron muy buenos resultados estéticos y funcionales. CONCLUSIONES. Al comparar el estado preoperatorio y posoperatorio de los pacientes, se demostró la importancia de la atención integral del equipo de profesores cubanos.INTRODUCTION. Traumatisms and maxillofacial fractures cause deformities difficult to hide because of the face of the more visible portion of the body. The aim of present paper is to document the care to group of patients presenting with maxillofacial wounds caused by firearms, treated by the Cuban medical brigade of Thamar University Al-Waheda Hospital of Maabar (Republic of Yemen. METHODS. A group of 9 patients presenting with maxillofacial wounds caused by firearms treated in above mentioned hospital between 2006 and 2008. Following data were collected

  2. Proyecto de intervención enfermera con musicoterapia en la cura de heridas vasculares.

    OpenAIRE

    Maté Lázaro, Mireia

    2017-01-01

    En la actualidad, los pacientes con herida vascular tienen que convivir diariamente con el dolor. El manejo óptimo del dolor es uno de los retos principales para los profesionales de enfermería. Diversos son los tratamientos existentes para la resistencia al dolor y disminución de la ansiedad, pero cada vez se apuesta más por terapias complementarias, como puede ser la Música. Varias investigaciones han demostrado la eficacia de la Música como tratamiento. El objetivo de este estudio es ex...

  3. TRATAMIENTO QUIRÚRGICO DE LA PARALISIS FACIAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jorge García Gómez

    1981-10-01

    Full Text Available

    Una revisión de la experiencia del autor con 203 casos de parálisis facial. La etiología, evaluación clínica, indicaciones quirúrgica y diferentes técnicas son discutidas en este articulo.
    Resumimos en este trabajo nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento quirúrgico de la parálisis facial y que comprende una serie de 203 intervenciones que hemos tenido oportunidad de practicar hasta Mayo de 1980. Esta casuística ha sido seleccionada en pacientes de nuestra clientela privada y en aquellos pacientes atendidos en los servicios sociales del Hospital San José, Dpto de Otorrinolaringología, algunos de ellos operados por el personal de nuestro departamento. El número total de intervenciones quirúrgicas de hueso temporal practicadas en estos 26 años en el Instituto de Cirugía del Oído y en el Hospital San José asciende
    a 5.345 de las cuales 203 corresponden a Cirugía del Nervio Facial, no solo en su trayecto timpánico y mastoideo sino en su trayecto laberintico. Durante los primeros 10 años de nuestra práctica audioquirúrgica fueron muy escasas las intervenciones practicadas, bien por el temor de los pacientes a aceptar esta cirugía o bien por la falta de referencia o confianza de otros especialistas. Con los progresos de la moderna cirugía y la mejoria en
    nuestros resultados la confianza ha renacido y es así como en los últimos 3 años hemos tenido oportunidad de operar cerca de 30 pacientes.

    La mayor parte de nuestra casuística corresponde a lesiones idiopáticas de Bell, en un 80% de los casos, un 10% de lesiones post-traumáticas y el resto a otro tipo de patología. La vida moderna y los riesgos a los cuales estamos sometidos hace que las lesiones del nervio facial sean cada día más frecuentes, por accidentes de trabajo, deportes (equitación, boxeo, natación, esquí, etc', heridas con armas de fuego, accidentes de tráfico y también
    lesiones iatrogénicas por la práctica de intervenciones

  4. Proceso de cicatrización de heridas de piel, campos endógenos y su relación con las heridas crónicas

    OpenAIRE

    Claribeth Guarín Corredor; Paola Quiroga Santamaría; Nancy Stella Landinez Parra

    2013-01-01

    Antecedentes. La cicatrización de heridas en piel es un proceso de alta complejidad orientado a recuperar la integridad del tejido, permitiendo su regeneración y restaurando sus funciones. Objetivo. Revisar los procesos de cicatrización normal y de heridas crónicas en la piel y su relación con las corrientes endógenas. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda de artículos en diferentes bases de datos, la cual se hizo con base en los títulos de términos...

  5. Proceso de cicatrización de heridas de piel, campos endógenos y su relación con las heridas crónicas

    OpenAIRE

    Guarín Corredor, Claribeth; Quiroga Santamaría, Paola; Landinez Parra, Nancy Stella

    2014-01-01

    Antecedentes. La cicatrización de heridas en piel es un proceso de alta complejidad orientado a recuperar la integridad del tejido, permitiendo su regeneración y restaurando sus funciones. Objetivo. Revisar los procesos de cicatrización normal y de heridas crónicas en la piel y su relación con las corrientes endógenas. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda de artículos en diferentes bases de datos, la cual se hizo con base en los títulos de términos médicos (Medical Subjects Headings)...

  6. PSA (:30) Infecciones de heridas (Wound Infections)

    Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

    2017-10-25

    Este anuncio de servicio público de 30 segundos habla sobre cómo evitar que las heridas se infecten después de una emergencia.  Created: 10/25/2017 by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).   Date Released: 10/25/2017.

  7. Herida por proyectil de arma de fuego en un niño: Presentación de un caso Gunshot wound in a child: A case report

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Carlos Quintana Díaz

    2005-08-01

    Full Text Available Se presenta la evolución de un paciente masculino de 10 años que sufrió una herida por proyectil de arma de fuego en el párpado superior izquierdo jugando con otro niño, lo que lo provocó una ptosis palpebral marcada. Se realizó estudio radiográfico preoperatorio donde se encontró el proyectil alojado en la pared orbitaria superior. Se constató una excelente evolución posoperatoria del paciente una vez intervenido quirúrgicamente.The evolution of a 10-year-old male patient who had a marked palpebral ptosis as a result of a wound made by a bullet in the left upper eyelid while playing with another child, is presented. A preoperative radiographic study was conducted and the projectile was found in the upper orbital wall. An excellent postoperative evolution was observed once the patient underwent surgery.

  8. Herida penetrante del cráneo Skull penetrating wound

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    Yvei González Orlandi

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available El traumatismo craneoencefálico es común en los servicios de urgencia de instituciones que atienden a pacientes politraumatizados y se ha convertido en un problema de salud para muchos países. El traumatismo penetrante del cráneo ocupa un lugar especial por su baja frecuencia. En este trabajo se presenta el caso de un paciente varón, de 52 años de edad, que sufrió una herida penetrante del cráneo producida por un arma blanca que quedó retenida en la región frontotemporal izquierda. Tras un estudio imaginológico se procedió al tratamiento quirúrgico de urgencia, y el paciente evoluciona satisfactoriamente después de 25 días de hospitalización. En la actualidad se encuentra en tratamiento de rehabilitación por una hemiparesia derecha residual.The cranioencephalic trauma is common in the emergence centers to care for patients with multiple traumata and it becames in a health problem in many countries. Skull penetrating trauma is located in a special place due to its low frequency. In present paper a case of male patient aged 52 severely skull-injured with penetrating wound caused by a cold steel that remained introduced into the left frontotemporal region. After an imaging study the emergence surgical treatment was applied and patient evolves adequately after 25 days of hospitalization. Nowadays, she is under rehabilitation treatment due to a residual right hemiparesis.

  9. Efectos del bloqueo del sistema EGF/EGFR sobre la cicatrización de las heridas en pacientes oncológicos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ángel R Casacó Parada

    Full Text Available La administración de drogas que bloquean el sistema del factor de crecimiento epidérmico y su receptor ha demostrado efectos beneficiosos en pacientes con tumores sólidos de origen epitelial. Cada día resulta más frecuente el uso de múltiples modalidades terapéuticas para combatir estos tumores, las cuales incluyen la asociación de agentes blanco y cirugía. Los agentes que actúan sobre dicho sistema pudieran causar trastornos de la cicatrización al bloquear vías del sistema que también intervienen en la cicatrización de las heridas. El objetivo de este artículo es revisar y comentar acerca del conocimiento de la relación entre el uso de las drogas anti-EGF/EGFR y los trastornos en la cicatrización de las heridas. La búsqueda bibliográfica se realizó en PubMed y Google (solo en español e inglés y se tuvo en cuenta cualquier publicación encontrada hasta enero del 2014. Se incluyeron los anticuerpos monoclonales cetuximab, panitumumab y nimotuzumab; las pequeñas moléculas erlotinib y gefitinib y las vacunas terapéuticas contra el cáncer CIMAvax EGF y HER-1. Se hace especial énfasis en los biofarmacéuticos nimotuzumab, CIMAvax EGF y HER-1; producidos en el Centro de Inmunología Molecular, La Habana, Cuba, debido a su amplio uso en Cuba y otros países de América Latina. No se encontraron evidencias de relación entre el uso de estos productos y la aparición de trastornos en la cicatrización de las heridas. Dado que los tratamientos anti-EGF/EGFR también inhiben la proliferación celular que induce el drenaje de las heridas y la migración celular inducida por las radiaciones, se sugiere que el tratamiento anti-EGF/EGFR no debe suspenderse, ni antes ni después de la cirugía y sus posibles efectos deben ser vigilados. Obviamente, se necesitan ulteriores investigaciones por parte de los farmacólogos no clínicos y clínicos, oncólogos clínicos y cirujanos oncológicos para entender mejor los procesos fisiopatol

  10. Manejo terapéutico inicial de las heridas por arma de fuego en el territorio maxilofacial Initial therapeutic management of firearm wounds in the maxillofacial area

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    L. Ruiz Laza

    2006-10-01

    Full Text Available Introducción. Las heridas por armas de fuego son poco frecuentes en nuestro medio, de ahí que la experiencia en el manejo de las mismas sea limitada. En este artículo mostramos la experiencia de nuestro Servicio en el tratamiento de estas lesiones y realizamos una revisión del tema para intentar protocolizar la actuación inicial ante este tipo de pacientes. Material y Método. Presentamos seis casos tratados en nuestro Servicio durante el año 2002. Estudiamos las características demográficas, etiología, patrón de lesiones y tratamiento recibido. Resultados. Cinco hombres y una mujer presentaron heridas por arma de fuego durante este período, con una edad media de 38 años (Rango 13-74. La etiología más frecuente fue la agresión, seguido del intento de autolisis. Sólo un paciente requirió estabilización urgente de vía aérea mediante traqueotomía. No existieron complicaciones postoperatorias y sólo un enfermo requirió intervenciones secundarias por secuelas. Discusión. El aspecto más controvertido en el tratamiento de estas lesiones es el manejo quirúrgico de pacientes con lesiones extensas de la cara que involucran partes blandas y hueso, ya que pueden tratarse con técnicas reconstructivas complejas en el primer acto operatorio o, por el contrario, esta reconstrucción se puede realizar de forma diferida tras una primera fase de tratamiento quirúrgico de desbridamiento, estabilización de fracturas y cierre de partes blandas con técnicas simples. Pensamos que la elección del tipo de tratamiento debe ser individualizada en cada caso, aunque solemos optar por una reconstrucción diferida de los defectos tan pronto como sea posible.Introduction. The firearm injuries are not very common in our country, and the experience in its management is limited. In this review we show the experience of our Service in this wounds and review the literature to systematize the initial management of the firearm injuries in maxillofacial

  11. ¿Por qué la cura en ambiente húmedo debe limitarse sólo al tratamiento de las heridas crónicas?: La evidencia clínica al servicio de la cura de los tatuajes Why the healing in humid environment must be only limited to the treatment of the chronic wounds?: The clinical evidence to the service of the healing of tattoos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joan Blanco Blanco

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Desde hace años, aparece una nueva forma de entender el proceso de cicatrización basado en materiales de cura en ambiente húmedo (CAH. Su principal finalidad es la de mantener la herida en una situación idónea para su correcta cicatrización, especialmente en las heridas crónicas, aunque con él y gracias a su gran eficacia, se han ido haciendo un hueco en el mundo de las heridas agudas. En base a estos hechos, nos planteamos la aplicabilidad de la CAH no sólo en el ámbito de las heridas crónicas, donde a día de hoy es el tratamiento de elección, si no también en las heridas agudas, donde aún queda mucho camino por recorrer. El objetivo de este trabajo es aplicar las mejores evidencias para establecer el tratamiento de elección de las heridas hechas con la técnica del tatuaje. El caso expuesto parece indicar que la CAH es beneficiosa en el campo de los tatuajes en cuanto al aumento en la velocidad de curación, a la calidad de la coloración y dibujo del tatuaje y a la disminución del dolor. Por último, nos gustaría destacar que, entre toda la gama de apósitos, los hidrocoloides pueden ser una buena solución y, entre ellos, los que son finos son los que nos permitirán el control visual de la cicatrización y los bordes de la herida y resultan idóneos para heridas superficiales con exudado leve, como son los tatuajes.For years there was a new way of understanding the healing process based materials cure in humid environment (CAH. Its main purpose is to maintain the wound in a suitable situation for proper healing especially chronic wounds, but with thanks to its high efficiency, have been making a hole in the world of acute wounds. Based on these facts, we consider the applicability of the CAH not only in the field of chronic wounds, where today is the treatment of choice, but also in acute wounds where there is still a long way to go. The aim of this paper is to apply the best evidence to establish the treatment of choice

  12. Utilización de la presión negativa en las heridas crónicas: revisión bibliográfica

    OpenAIRE

    Moreno Gil, Saioa

    2014-01-01

    Introducción: Las úlceras suponen un importante problema de salud tanto para las personas que las sufren, como para los sistemas sanitarios. Las terapias convencionales son, en muchas ocasiones, ineficaces. La terapia por presión negativa (TPN), cada vez más utilizada, tiene el objetivo de mejorar la calidad del lecho de la herida eliminando el exceso de exudado. Objetivos: Determinar si la TPN es más eficaz que los tratamientos convencionales y revisar las recomendaciones basadas en la ev...

  13. HERIDAS PENETRANTES POR ARMAS DE FUEGO EN EL SISTEMA NERVIOSO CENTRAL: PRIMERA PARTE: ASPECTOS HISTÓRICOS Y NOCIONES DE BALÍSTICAS

    OpenAIRE

    LUQUE S, JORGE ENRIQUE

    2007-01-01

    Las heridas penetrantes al sistema nervioso central han sido desde épocas históricas un reto para el manejo médico, dada su complejidad, fisiopatología y la pobre recuperación de este tipo de lesiones. Aun en la época actual, con el sinnúmero de adelantos tecnológicos y el conocimiento cada vez más preciso de su fisiopatología, se continúan generando una serie de controversias acerca de su manejo. Desafortunadamente, la multitud de conflictos armados y la fácil disponibilidad de armas en el m...

  14. Proceso de cicatrización de heridas de piel, campos endógenos y su relación con las heridas crónicas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claribeth Guarín Corredor

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available Antecedentes. La cicatrización de heridas en piel es un proceso de alta complejidad orientado a recuperar la integridad del tejido, permitiendo su regeneración y restaurando sus funciones. Objetivo. Revisar los procesos de cicatrización normal y de heridas crónicas en la piel y su relación con las corrientes endógenas. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda de artículos en diferentes bases de datos, la cual se hizo con base en los títulos de términos médicos (Medical Subjects Headings MESH, con la utilización de los vocablos “Wound Healing”, “Pressure Ulcer” y el subencabezado “Electrophysiology”, “Electric Stimulation” and “Skin”. Resultados. La alteración de factores intrínsecos o extrínsecos puede conducir a heridas crónicas, lo que se evidencia en cambios en el comportamiento bioeléctrico de la piel y sus características dieléctricas. La activación de la migración celular y, con esta, el proceso de cicatrización, mediante la generación de un estimulo eléctrico exógeno es posible en presencia de alteraciones de los campos endógenos. Conclusión. El proceso de cicatrización depende de múltiples factores tanto intrínsecos como extrínsecos, los cuales son fácilmente alterables. Para esto, es fundamental comprender a cabalidad el comportamiento de la piel ante una lesión y cuáles son los mecanismos que se alteran cuando se instaura una lesión crónica.

  15. Rejuvenecimiento facial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    L. Daniel Jacubovsky, Dr.

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available El envejecimiento facial es un proceso único y particular a cada individuo y está regido en especial por su carga genética. El lifting facial es una compleja técnica desarrollada en nuestra especialidad desde principios de siglo, para revertir los principales signos de este proceso. Los factores secundarios que gravitan en el envejecimiento facial son múltiples y por ello las ritidectomías o lifting cérvico faciales descritas han buscado corregir los cambios fisonómicos del envejecimiento excursionando, como se describe, en todos los planos tisulares involucrados. Esta cirugía por lo tanto, exige conocimiento cabal de la anatomía quirúrgica, pericia y experiencia para reducir las complicaciones, estigmas quirúrgicos y revisiones secundarias. La ridectomía facial ha evolucionado hacia un procedimiento más simple, de incisiones más cortas y disecciones menos extensas. Las suspensiones musculares han variado en su ejecución y los vectores de montaje y resección cutánea son cruciales en los resultados estéticos de la cirugía cérvico facial. Hoy estos vectores son de tracción más vertical. La corrección de la flaccidez va acompañada de un interés en reponer el volumen de la superficie del rostro, en especial el tercio medio. Las técnicas quirúrgicas de rejuvenecimiento, en especial el lifting facial, exigen una planificación para cada paciente. Las técnicas adjuntas al lifting, como blefaroplastias, mentoplastía, lipoaspiración de cuello, implantes faciales y otras, también han tenido una positiva evolución hacia la reducción de riesgos y mejor éxito estético.

  16. Estudio descriptivo, analítico y predictivo de las heridas perforantes del bulbo ocular Descriptive, analytical and predicitive study of the stab wounds of the bulbus oculi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosa Idalmis González Delgado

    2001-06-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó el estudio descriptivo, analítico y predictivo de 163 pacientes (165 ojos con heridas perforantes del bulbo ocular sin cuerpo extraño intraocular (CEIO. Los lesionados se agruparon en 2 tipos de heridas: simple y contusas; de ellas 36 fueron heridas simples y129 heridas con contusión asociada. Los autores aplicaron en el estudio de las heridas de ambos grupos los métodos clínicos de ayuda al diagnóstico de las lesiones provocadas por el traumatismo perforante con el estudio ultrasonográfico y los estudios electrofisiológicos (ERG y PEV. Se pudo valorar en el estudio la efectividad de ambos métodos asociados al método clínico óptico-instrumental como elementos que permitieron establecer un alto porcentaje de los casos, un diagnóstico más preciso de las lesiones y ayudaron a establecer un pronóstico visual del lesionado. Sobresaliendo con esta metodología de estudio lesiones predominantes en el nivel del segmento anterior y del posterior en los dos tipos de heridas. Fue valorado el comportamiento de la agudeza visual antes y después del tratamiento en los dos grupos de heridas, obteniéndose los peores resultados en las heridas con contusión asociada y ubicadas en el segmento posterior y que presentaban un tamaño mayor que 5 mm. Pudo apreciarse cómo las heridas pequeñas tuvieron mejores resultados en la función visual independientemente de su localización topográfica. A los resultados más relevantes en el estudio clínico descriptivo (variables de interés clínico se les aplicó métodos estadísticos y se seleccionaron los que tuvieron una alta significación. Se confeccionó un índice de predicción aproximado. Los autores muestran el índice de predicción en forma de ecuación matemática para ser aplicado en los traumatismos perforantes del bulbo ocular.A descriptive, analytical, and descriptive study on 163 patients (165 eyes with perforating wounds of bulbus oculi without intraocular foreign body (IOFB

  17. PHMB: Utilización del apósito de espuma antimicrobiana (AMD KendallTM (PHMB 0,5% en el tratamiento de las heridas crónicas

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    John Timmons

    Full Text Available Abordamos la parte más problemática del tratamiento de las heridas crónicas o agudas, de acuerdo con los profesionales especializados es la infección de la herida. La sobrecarga bacteriana puede retardar la curación de la herida y disminuir la calidad del paciente como consecuencia del aumento del dolor, del exudado y del posible mal olor. Se han recopilado casos clínicos durante los últimos 6 meses en una unidad especializada en el cuidado de heridas de los hospitales Doncaster y Bassetlaw, RU. Estos casos ilustran la variedad de tipos de herida que pueden tratarse con éxito con el nuevo apósito de Espuma antimicrobiano KendallTM AMD (PHMB 0,5%. Se pudo concluir que el apósito de Espuma KendallTM AMD actúa bien como antimicrobiano y como producto de vendaje moderno. Su utilización disminuye la carga bacteriana al tiempo que consigue la absorción del exudado y el mantenimiento de un ambiente óptimo para la curación de la herida.

  18. Ventajas de la cicatrización cutánea asistida por láser (LASH Advantages of laser assisted scar healing (LASH

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    S. Mordon

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available La fase final de toda cirugía es la sutura y su cicatriz correspondiente y, frecuentemente, ésta es la única secuela visible de una intervención. La técnica LASH (cicatrización cutánea asistida por láser, estimula los mecanismos de reparación de la piel por efecto térmico, condicionando la calidad de la cicatrización. Estudios experimentales en ratones comparando los resultados obtenidos en heridas quirúrgicas radiadas con laser diodo 810 nm tras ser suturadas, con los obtenidos en igual tipo de heridas suturadas de manera convencional, han demostrado que se consiguen cicatrices mucho menos visibles cuando se practica el tratamiento con láser. La histología confirma, comparativamente, una notable aceleración del proceso cicatricial con modificación del TGFβ (Transforming Growth Factor-Beta directamente implicado en la reparación tisular, en los animales en los que la sutura fue asistida por láser. Igualmente, el análisis tensiométrico demostró mayor resistencia a la acción de estiramiento mecánico en estas heridas. Estudios clínicos en pacientes sometidos a dermolipectomia, reducción mamaria y estiramiento facial, demuestran que al tratar con LASH una parte o una de las líneas de sutura, los análisis realizados tanto por los pacientes como por cirujanos independientes a los 8 días, 3 meses y un año, evidencian resultados más favorables para la técnica láser, Las dosis eficaces determinadas para las fluencias láser están entre 80 y 120 J/cm². La técnica LASH es simple de efectuar, reproducible, rápida y ofrece una clara evidencia de que es posible reducir considerablemente la cicatriz, logrando que ésta sea de mejor calidad y más estética.Suture is the final stage of surgery and as a consequence, a scar is frequently the only visible effect after an operation. LASH technique (Laser Assisted Scar Healing produces thermal effects to stimulate mechanisms for tissue repair that will determine the quality of

  19. Experimento sobre Diversas Fórmulas para Tratar las Heridas en los Árboles.

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    Obregón Botero Rafael

    1940-03-01

    Full Text Available Sin duda una de las prácticas más delicadas y difíciles con que tropieza el agricultor consciente, es la adecuada y perfecta poda de sus árboles, abundando los diversos sistemas preconizados tanto para árboles frutales como para el café y el cacao. Todos o casi todos los sistemas tienden a abarcar dos puntos principales; la mayor producción en cantidad y calidad aceptable sin debilitamiento de la planta y la búsqueda de economía en su ejecución. Sus principios, normas, implementos, épocas y demás factores varían con la planta y los puntos de vista del preconizador de los diferentes sistemas, pero todos están acordes en cuanto a la necesidad de proteger los cortes hechos durante las prácticas. De la misma manera como los animales están sujetos a adquirir infecciones por las heridas o desgarramientos de su piel, las plantas también lo están por la infección al practicar cortes en sus ramas o simplemente al través de los desperfectos y desgarraduras en sus tejidos protectores, la corteza de las ramas, tallos y raíces.

  20. Avaliação comparativa entre agradabilidade facial e análise subjetiva do Padrão Facial Comparative evaluation among facial attractiveness and subjective analysis of Facial Pattern

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    Olívia Morihisa

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: estudar duas análises subjetivas faciais utilizadas para o diagnóstico ortodôntico, avaliação da agradabilidade facial e definição de Padrão Facial, e verificar a associação existente entre elas. MÉTODOS: utilizou-se 208 fotografias faciais padronizadas (104 laterais e 104 frontais de 104 indivíduos escolhidos aleatoriamente, as quais foram submetidas à avaliação da agradabilidade por dois grupos distintos (Grupo " Ortodontia" e Grupo " Leigos" , que classificaram os indivíduos em " agradável" , " aceitável" ou " desagradável" . Os indivíduos também foram classificados quanto ao Padrão Facial por três examinadores calibrados, utilizando-se apenas a vista lateral. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÃO: após a análise estatística, verificou-se que houve associação fortemente positiva entre a agradabilidade facial e o Padrão Facial para a norma lateral, porém não para a frontal, em que os indivíduos tenderam a ser bem classificados mesmo no Padrão II.AIM: To study two subjective facial analysis commonly used on orthodontic diagnosis and to verify the association between the evaluation of facial attractiveness and Facial Pattern definition. METHODS: Two hundred and eight standardized face photographs (104 in lateral view and 104 in frontal view of 104 randomly chosen individuals were used in the present study. They were classified as " pleasant" , " acceptable" and " not pleasant" by two distinct groups: " Lay people" and " Orthodontists" . The individuals were either classified according to their Facial Pattern using lateral view images. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After statistical analysis, it was noted a strong positive concordance between facial attractiveness in lateral view and Facial Pattern, however, frontal view attractiveness classification did not have good concordance with Facial Pattern, tending to have good attractiveness classification even in Facial Pattern II.

  1. Colesteatoma causando paralisia facial Cholesteatoma causing facial paralysis

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    José Ricardo Gurgel Testa

    2003-10-01

    Full Text Available A paralisia facial causada pelo colesteatoma é pouco freqüente. As porções do nervo mais acometidas são a timpânica e a região do 2º joelho. Nos casos de disseminação da lesão colesteatomatosa para o epitímpano anterior, o gânglio geniculado é o segmento do nervo facial mais sujeito à injúria. A etiopatogenia pode estar ligada à compressão do nervo pelo colesteatoma seguida de diminuição do seu suprimento vascular como também pela possível ação de substâncias neurotóxicas produzidas pela matriz do tumor ou pelas bactérias nele contidas. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a incidência, as características clínicas e o tratamento da paralisia facial decorrente da lesão colesteatomatosa. FORMA DE ESTUDO: Clínico retrospectivo. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo envolvendo dez casos de paralisia facial por colesteatoma selecionados através de levantamento de 206 descompressões do nervo facial com diferentes etiologias, realizadas na UNIFESP-EPM nos últimos dez anos. RESULTADOS: A incidência de paralisia facial por colesteatoma neste estudo foi de 4,85%,com predominância do sexo feminino (60%. A idade média dos pacientes foi de 39 anos. A duração e o grau da paralisia (inicial juntamente com a extensão da lesão foram importantes em relação à recuperação funcional do nervo facial. CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento cirúrgico precoce é fundamental para que ocorra um resultado funcional mais adequado. Nos casos de ruptura ou intensa fibrose do tecido nervoso, o enxerto de nervo (auricular magno/sural e/ou a anastomose hipoglosso-facial podem ser sugeridas.Facial paralysis caused by cholesteatoma is uncommon. The portions most frequently involved are horizontal (tympanic and second genu segments. When cholesteatomas extend over the anterior epitympanic space, the facial nerve is placed in jeopardy in the region of the geniculate ganglion. The aetiology can be related to compression of the nerve followed by impairment of its

  2. Surgical site infection incidence after a clean-contaminated surgery in Yasuj Shahid Beheshti hospital, Iran Incidencia de infección de herida por cirugía limpia contaminada en el hospital Yasuj Shahid Beheshti, Irán Incidência de infecção de ferida depois de cirurgia limpa-contaminada em hospital Yasuj Shahid Beheshti, Irã

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    Mohebbi Nobandegani Zinat

    2011-11-01

    Full Text Available Objective. To determine the incidence rate of infection after a clean-contaminated surgery and its relationship with some risk factors. Methodology. Cross sectional study, in a convenience sample of 300 patients who underwent surgery classified as clean-contaminated in a hospital of Yasuj, Iran. Samples were taken directly from the wound at the first dressing change to all the patients. They were studied to determine bacteria growth. Results. The rate of infection after a clean-contaminated surgery was 53%. The most common gram positive microorganism was Staphylococcus aureus (22%, and among gram negative: Escherichia coli (26%, Klebsiella sp (26% and Pseudomonas sp (25%. Significant correlation between the type of surgery and surgical site infection was found, it was not seen with the variables sex and surgical procedure. Conclusion. This study shows important problems regarding patient’s safety. Protocols should be reviewed to control infections.Objetivo. Determinar la tasa de incidencia por infección de herida por cirugía limpia-contaminada y su relación con algunos factores de riesgo. Metodología. Estudio de corte transversal en una muestra por conveniencia de 300 pacientes sometidos a cirugía clasificada como limpia-contaminada. A todos los pacientes les tomaron una muestra para cultivo directamente de la herida en el primer cambio del apósito, la cual se estudió para determinar el crecimiento de bacterias. Resultados. La tasa de infección en heridas quirúrgicas limpias-contaminadas fue del 53%. El microorganismo gram positivo más frecuente fue Staphylococcus aureus (22%, y dentro de los gram negatives fueron: Escherichia coli (26%, Klebsiella sp (26% y Pseudomonas sp (25%. Se encontró asociación significativa entre el tipo de cirugía y la infección de la herida quirúrgica, lo que no se observó con las variables sexo y el procedimiento quirúrgico. Conclusión. Este estudio muestra problemas importantes en el aseguramiento

  3. Deformidad facial postraumática asociada a complicación por silastic orbitario 35 años después de implantado

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    Denia Morales Navarro

    Full Text Available Las alteraciones esqueléticas del macizo facial sin tratamiento quirúrgico o con un manejo inadecuado, pueden resultar en deformidad secundaria importante con implicaciones estéticas y funcionales que deben ser consideradas para su tratamiento. El objetivo de esta presentación fue caracterizar el caso de deformidad facial postraumática asociada a complicación por silastic orbitario, 35 años después de implantado este. Se trata de un paciente masculino de 67 años que refirió haber sido tratado al presentar enrojecimiento de un ojo y secreciones. Refiere que hace 35 años fue intervenido quirúrgicamente por fractura “en la zona del ojo izquierdo”, que le colocaron silastic, y que no había tenido problemas hasta el momento en esa área. En el examen físico facial se detectó asimetría facial: ligero enoftalmo del ojo izquierdo, con desnivel pupilar, disminución de la apertura palpebral, rasgo antimongoloide, con eritema de la conjuntiva, quémosis, y abundantes secreciones. Se comprobó limitación del movimiento súpero-externo. Se corrobora la presencia de una fístula en el fondo de saco del párpado inferior. Se diagnostica como deformidad facial postraumática complicada por reacción a cuerpo extraño (al silastic. Fue intervenido quirúrgicamente y se realizó la exéresis del material, y la reconstrucción de la antomía ausente en la zona con malla de titanio. Se obtuvo excelentes resultados. Las lesiones postraumáticas de la cara se asocian generalmente con grandes secuelas funcionales y estéticas. Si se añaden las complicaciones por el empleo de implantes de biomateriales, la determinación de la conducta terapéutica puede ser un reto.

  4. Métodos alternativos para el tratamiento de pacientes con heridas infectadas Alternative methods for treating patients with infected wounds

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    Rafael Rodríguez Ramírez

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available Se revisó la bibliografía médica disponible sobre el uso de algunas sustancias de origen natural, utilizadas desde la antigüedad para tratar a personas lesionadas, inicialmente por traumatismos. Con el transcurso del tiempo, los conocimientos trasmitidos de una generación a otra condujeron a emplearlas para desinfectar heridas quirúrgicas y curar o cicatrizar úlceras, escaras y quemaduras, entre otras lesiones. La miel, el azúcar y los peloides, específicamente el limo, han devenido eficaces medicamentos para eliminar infecciones y reparar heridas, con mejores resultados que los derivados de productos industriales y otros métodos alternativos, puesto que además de ser menos costosos y de fácil aplicación, ejercen su acción beneficiosa sin tener que combinarse con antibióticos o compuestos cicatrizantes.The available literature on the use of some natural substances that were used since ancient times for treating injured people due to initial traumatisms was reviewed. Eventually, knowledge transmitted from one generation to another led to the employ of them in order to disinfect surgical wounds and cure or heal up ulcers, sloughs, and burns, among other injuries. Honey, sugar, and peloids, specifically mud, have become an effective therapy to avoid infections and restore wounds, achieving better results than those derived from using industrial products and other alternative methods, since they are less expensive and easy to apply, they provide a beneficial action without combining them with antibiotics or healing compounds.

  5. Parotidectomía y vena facial Parotidectomy and facial vein

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    F. Hernández Altemir

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available La cirugía de los tumores benignos de la parótida, es una cirugía de relaciones con estructuras fundamentalmente nerviosas cuyo daño, representa un gravísimo problema psicosomático por definirlo de una manera genérica. Para ayudar al manejo quirúrgico del nervio facial periférico, es por lo que en el presente artículo tratamos de enfatizar la importancia de la vena facial en la disección y conservación del nervio, precisamente donde su disección suele ser más comprometida, esto es en las ramas más caudales. El trabajo que vamos a desarrollar hay que verlo pues, como un ensalzamiento de las estructuras venosas en el seguimiento y control del nervio facial periférico y de porqué no, el nervio auricular mayor no siempre suficientemente valorado en la cirugía de la parótida al perder protagonismo con el facial.Benign parotid tumor surgery is related to fundamental nervous structures, defined simply: that when damaged cause great psychosomatic problems. In order to make peripheral facial nerve surgery easy to handle for the surgeon this article emphasizes the importance of the facial vein in the dissection and conservation of the nerve. Its dissection can be compromised if the caudal branches are damaged. The study that we develop should be seen as praise for the vein structures in the follow up and control of the peripheral facial nerve, and the main auricular nerve that is often undervalued when it is no longer the protagonist in the face.

  6. Paralisia facial bilateral

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    J. Fortes-Rego

    1976-03-01

    Full Text Available É apresentado um caso de diplegia facial surgida após meningite meningocócica e infecção por herpes simples. Depois de discutir as diversas condições que o fenômeno pode apresentar-se, o autor inclina-se por uma etiologia herpética.

  7. Curación de heridas sépticas con miel de abejas Use of honey to cure of septic wounds

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    Iván lavandera Rodríguez

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN. Variadas investigaciones reconocen a la miel ventajas sobre fármacos de origen químico. Este trabajo persiguió como objetivo fundamental determinar la acción de la miel en el tratamiento de heridas sépticas. MÉTODOS. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional y comparativo sobre los efectos cicatrizantes de la miel, con un universo de 200 pacientes con heridas sépticas, que fueron atendidos en el Hospital «Freyre Andrade» y la Clínica Central «Cira García» entre los años 2000 y 2010. Se dividió aleatoriamente a los pacientes en dos grupos de 100 pacientes cada uno: un grupo control, a cuyos integrantes se les hizo una cura local diaria con solución salina al 0,9 %, antisépticos y antibióticos locales; y un grupo de estudio, curado también localmente con solución salina al 0,9 % pero con posterior aplicación de miel de abejas, en una capa que ocupó la herida en toda su profundidad y superficie. RESULTADOS. La mayoría de los cultivos realizados el primer día antes de curar la herida en el grupo control (98 continuaron siendo positivos (82 en el segundo cultivo (cuarto día, mientras que en el grupo de estudio solo fueron positivos 35 de los 95 cultivos realizados. En este grupo la fetidez y el tejido desvitalizado desaparecieron en las primeras 24 h de tratamiento, mientras que en el grupo control la situación se prolongó hasta el quinto y sexto días de tratamiento. El tejido de granulación útil apareció al segundo día en el grupo de estudio y en el octavo en el grupo control. En este último se documentaron 19 complicaciones asociadas al método de curación; no ocurrió así en el grupo de estudio, donde no hubo complicaciones ni reacciones adversas a la miel. CONCLUSIONES. La miel se puede utilizar para curar cualquier herida séptica, independientemente de su localización. Tiene fuertes propiedades desodorizantes, de limpieza y favorece la cicatrización de las heridas. En este estudio no

  8. Tratamento de feridas colonizadas/infetadas com utilização de polihexanida Tratamiento de heridas colonizadas/infetadas mediante el uso de polihexanida Treatment of colonized/infected wounds using polyhexanide

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    Eduardo José Ferreira dos Santos

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available Contexto: Na prática clínica o tratamento de feridas constitui, inevitavelmente, um importante foco de atenção da Enfermagem enquanto disciplina e ciência, bem como, do enfermeiro interessado em cuidar a pessoa com ferida. Com o aparecimento das novas abordagens e novos materiais cresce a necessidade/obrigatoriedade do enfermeiro acompanhar esta evolução. Assim, este artigo surge na sequência da utilização de um produto inovador - a polihexanida. Objetivo: Descrever a evidência científica disponível acerca da eficácia da polihexanida no tratamento de feridas colonizadas/infetadas. Métodos: Foram seguidos os princípios propostos pelo Cochrane Handbook, tendo sido realizada pesquisa manual e eletrónica em várias bases de dados que conduziram a sete artigos que cumpriam critérios previamente definidos. Resultados: Os estudos indicam que a polihexanida é eficaz no tratamento de feridas colonizadas/infetadas, verificando-se redução significativa do tempo de cicatrização, sinais inflamatórios, infeção/colonização e dor, quando esta é utilizada. Conclusão: Estas evidências permitem-nos concluir que a utilização da poliexamida é uma prática segura no tratamento de feridas colonizadas/infetadas.Contexto: En la práctica clínica el tratamiento de heridas constituye inevitablemente un importante foco de atención de Enfermería en cuanto disciplina y ciencia, así como del enfermero interesado en cuidar a la persona herida. Con el aparecimiento de nuevos enfoques y nuevos materiales ha aumentado la necesidad/ obligatoriedad por parte del enfermero en acompañar esta evolución. Así, este artículo surge en la secuencia de la utilización de un producto innovador - la polihexanida. Objectivo: Describir la evidencia científica disponible acerca de la eficacia de la polihexanida en el tratamiento de heridas colonizadas/infetadas. Métodos: Se siguieron los principios propuestos por el Cochrane Handbook, no sin haber

  9. Efectividad de una intervención educativa sobre tratamiento de úlceras por presión para enfermeras de Atención Primaria.

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    Arnaldos Esteban, Marta

    2013-01-01

    El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar la efectividad de una intervención educativa sobre tratamiento de úlceras por presión para profesionales de enfermería de Atención Primaria. Máster en Gestión Integral e Investigación de las Heridas Crónicas

  10. El uso de apósitos hidrocelulares de la gama Allevyn® en heridas agudas: Resultados a partir del estudio AURIGA-04 en Atención Primaria The use of Allevyn® hydrocellular dressings range in acute wounds-AURIGA-04 study in primary care

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    José Verdú Soriano

    2006-09-01

    Full Text Available Aunque los apósitos de cura en ambiente (CAH húmedo se han utilizado predominantemente en heridas crónicas, ello no es óbice para que su uso en heridas agudas permita solucionar algunos problemas, como el conseguir un ambiente óptimo que facilite la migración epitelial, así como una adecuada protección de las heridas y una correcta gestión del exudado. Es por ello que, dentro del marco del estudio AURIGA-04, nos planteamos la realización de un estudio prospectivo observacional,abierto y multicéntrico, de medidas repetidas en una cohorte de pacientes que presentan heridas agudas de diversa etiología en el que se incluyeron pacientes con heridas traumáticas, quirúrgicas o quemaduras tratados por profesionales de Atención Primaria, con el objetivo de generar evidencias acerca de la utilización de apósitos de CAH, en concreto, de la gama de apósitos hidrocelulares Allevyn®, en el tratamiento de heridas agudas. Se consideraron como criterios de exclusión heridas con signos clínicos de infección. Solo se incluyó una lesión por paciente. En el caso de los pacientes con heridas agudas, la muestra a estudio quedó compuesta por 61 pacientes con una edad media de 71,1 años; 36 casos corresponden a mujeres (60%. El estado general de salud de la muestra era bueno en un 49,1% de los casos y prácticamente la totalidad de los pacientes presentaba pluripatología. Un 10% de los pacientes consumía fármacos que podían interferir en la cicatrización y un 6% presentaba malnutrición. El 67,2% de las lesiones eran heridas traumáticas, el 24,6% quirúrgicas y un 8,2% quemaduras. Un 37% de las lesiones fueron clasificadas como superficiales y el 63% restante como profundas. Presentaban 64 días de evolución previa a su inclusión en el estudio y una superficie media de 23,34 cm². Los pacientes permanecieron en el estudio un promedio de 43,6 días, con una cadencia de cambios de apósito cada 2,7 días. Durante el estudio cicatrizaron

  11. Uso del agente antimicrobiano PHMB para prevenir la infección de heridas The use of the antimicrobial agent PHMB to prevent wounds infection

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    Keith Moore

    2008-09-01

    Full Text Available La infección de heridas postoperatorias puede provocar una cicatrización tardía, una estancia prolongada en el hospital y mayores costes. El aumento de bacterias resistentes a los antibióticos es un factor en contra del uso profiláctico de los antibióticos. Una alternativa eficaz es el uso de antisépticos, que presentan menos probabilidades de generar resistencia. Los apósitos AMD TM usan polihexametileno biguanida (PHMB, que tiene una baja toxicidad para las células de las heridas y es eficaz para acabar con las bacterias resistentes a los antibióticos. En este artículo, se revisan las pruebas de la eficacia y rentabilidad de los apósitos AMD en la prevención de las infecciones en la herida quirúrgica si se usan de forma rutinaria en los protocolos estándar para el cuidado de heridas.Post-operative wound infections may result in delayed healing, extended hospital stay and increased costs. The increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria mitigates against the prophylactic use of antibiotics. An effective alternative is the use of antiseptics that are less likely to generate resistance. AMD TM wound dressings use polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB which has a low toxicity for wound cells and is effective in killing antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This paper reviews the evidence for the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of AMD dressings in the prevention of surgical site infections when routinely used in standard wound care protocols.

  12. Efectividad del adhesivo tisular Tisuacryl® para el cierre de heridas cutáneas en cirugía laparoscópica Effectiveness of the Tisuacryl® as tissue adhesive for closure of cutaneous wounds in laparoscopy surgery

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    Rosalba Roque González

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN. Uno de los beneficios de la utilización de procedimientos laparoscópicos en cirugía es reducir la morbilidad relacionada con el traumatismo quirúrgico. Es conocido que el empleo del adhesivo tisular Tisuacryl® en el cierre de heridas cutáneas favorece la hemostasia, la recuperación rápida del tejido y la disminución del edema posquirúrgico, y evita complicaciones como infección y reacción del tejido a un cuerpo extraño. Fue objetivo de esta investigación evaluar la efectividad y seguridad de la utilización del Tisuacryl® para la síntesis de los puertos de entrada en pacientes intervenidos por cirugías mínimamente invasivas, sin necesidad de aplicar sutura. MÉTODOS. Se aplicó el adhesivo tisular a 100 pacientes que acudieron al Centro Nacional de Cirugía de Mínimo Acceso para realizarse diferentes procedimientos quirúrgicos. Como variables para evaluar la efectividad y seguridad del tratamiento se tomaron la dehiscencia de la herida, aparición de infección, tiempo de síntesis de la herida y estética de la cicatriz. Los pacientes se evaluaron en el posoperatorio inmediato y en consulta externa a los 7 y 21 días de la cirugía. RESULTADOS. Se lograron excelentes resultados en cuanto al afrontamiento y la estética de las heridas. Además, los pacientes no refirieron molestias ocasionadas por el material, ni se produjeron casos de infección. CONCLUSIONES. Los resultados de la investigación realizada demuestran que el Tisuacryl® puede utilizarse con alta efectividad para el cierre de las heridas de 5 mm y 10 mm en la cirugía laparoscópica, sustituyendo a las suturas.INTRODUCTION. One of the more beneficial uses of laparoscopy procedures in surgery is to decrease the morbidity related to surgical trauma. It is known that the use of the Tisuacryl® tissue adhesive for closure of cutaneous wounds favors the hemostasis, a fast tissue recovery and decrease of postsurgical edema avoiding complications

  13. Diente más afectado por la celulitis facial de origen odontogénico en niños venezolanos

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    Gabriel Zambrano

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de celulitis facial de origen odontogénica e identifi el diente más afectado en niños con diagnóstico de celulitis facial hospitalizados en el Servicio de Infectología Pediátrica del Hospital Universitario de Caracas en el periodo 20062014. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio documental, descriptivo y retrospectivo en niños entre 1-6 años de edad hospitalizados con diagnóstico de celulitis facial odontogénica en el Servicio de Infectología Pediátrica del Hospital Universitario de Caracas en el periodo 2006-2014. Se tomó una muestra no probabilística a conveniencia, la cual quedó conformada por 310 niños quienes cumplieron los criterios de inclusión de la investigación. Los datos se obtuvieron a partir de las historias clínicas de dicho servicio. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo, epidemiológico y comparativo/ analítico para cumplir con los objetivos de la investigación. Resultados: la prevalencia de celulitis facial de origen odontogénico fue de 5,27% con respecto a la muestra total. El segundo molar primario fue el diente más afectado con una frecuencia del 49,5%. CONCLUSIÓN: la prevalencia de celulitis facial de origen odontogénico en comparación con otras infecciones que requieren hospitalización fue baja, el género masculino fue el más afectado, el rango de edad más involucrado con la entidad se ubicó entre los 4 y 6 años. Los dientes primarios fueron los más afectados y el diente más asociado con esta afección fue el segundo molar primario.

  14. Comportamiento de la resistencia antimicrobiana de gérmenes aislados en heridas por quemaduras Behavior of antimicrobial resistance germs isolated from burn wounds

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    Frank Pérez Hera

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN. Son objetivos de este trabajo determinar el comportamiento de la resistencia de diferentes microorganismos aislados frente a antimicrobianos probados en las heridas por quemadura, en pacientes ingresados en el servicio de quemados del Hospital General Provincial «Dr. Antonio Luaces Iraola», durante los años 2001, 2003 y 2005. MÉTODOS. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo, cuyo universo estuvo constituido por 96 pacientes, a los cuales se les realizó cultivo con antibiograma según la técnica descrita para el método de Kirby Bauer, y en algunos pacientes se empleó el sistema DIRAMIC. Se procesaron los datos en el programa computarizado Microsoft Excel, y los resultados se representaron en tablas y gráficos, con números absolutos y porcentajes. RESULTADOS. Durante el 2001, la resistencia antimicrobiana alcanzada por el germen que con mayor frecuencia se aisló (Pseudomonas aeruginosa abarca a la kanamicina (65,5 % y la ceftriazona (55,1 %, en orden decreciente. Durante el 2003 el resultado fue muy similar y se aisló, también en orden de frecuencia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa y Proteus mirabilis, este último con una resistencia sobre el 33,3 % a todos los antimicrobianos probados. En el 2005 se observó predominio de Pseudomonas aeruginosa y Escherichia coli, con una resistencia marcada a los aminoglucósidos y betalactámicos superior al 50 %. CONCLUSIONES. Se diagnosticaron 8 especies bacterianas con una elevada resistencia antimicrobiana. Los gérmenes aislados con mayor frecuencia fueron Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli y Klebsiella sp. Pseudomonas aeruginosa mostró una tendencia al aumento de la resistencia frente a antimicrobianos como el cloranfenicol, los aminoglucósidos y las cefalosporinas.INTRODUCTION: The aims of present paper is to determine the resistance behavior of different isolated microorganisms towards antimicrobials detected in burn wounds in patients admitted in

  15. Caracterização funcional da mímica facial na paralisia facial em trauma de face: relato de caso clínico Functional characterization of facial mimicry in facial paralysis of face trauma: a clinical case report

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    Leila Bonfim de Jesus

    2012-10-01

    Full Text Available TEMA: mímica facial na paralisia facial ocasionada por trauma de face. PROCEDIMENTOS: estudo de caso da mímica facial de um paciente com paralisia facial periférica no lado direito com sequelas decorrente de trauma por projétil de arma de fogo, adulto jovem do sexo masculino, comerciante autônomo. Foi realizada análise documental e fotográfica por meio de anamnese, avaliação e escala de graduação de da paralisia facial House e Brackmann. RESULTADOS: na avaliação da paralisia facial em repouso encontrou-se no lado direito (lesado: desvio de comissura labial, desvio de filtro, narina mais elevada e olho mais aberto. Em movimento, ainda no lado da lesão, observou-se: abolição de rugas frontais, incompetência no fechamento ocular natural e fechamento completo ao forçar, ausência de elevação de narina, rima naso-labial mais pronunciada, protrusão labial desviada para este lado, pouca retração labial, eversão de lábio inferior, comissura labial elevada, desvio de filtro, reduzida capacidade de inflar bochechas. O paciente apresentou sincinesia de olho/lábios e contratura com hipertonia de frontal, prócero, levantador da asa do nariz, risório, zigomático maior, zigomático menor, levantador do lábio superior, depressor do lábio inferior, mentual no lado da lesão e a fratura ocorreu em côndilo direito e o paciente referiu dor orofacial ao dormir e ao mastigar no lado comprometido. CONCLUSÃO: a lesão do nervo facial associada ao trauma de face provocou a alteração da mímica facial no lado direito o que gerou desfiguramento e distúrbios da mastigação.BACKGROUND: facial mimicry in the paralysis of the face that occurs because of a trauma in the face. PROCEDURES: case study of facial mimicry of a patient with peripheral facial paralysis, on the right side of the face, with sequels that happened because of a trauma because of a fire gun projectile; a young man, a self-employed trader. A documental and photographical

  16. "La herida siempre abierta en un cuerpo" o las políticas de la investidura en Duerme de Carmen Boullosa

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    Vanessa Viches Norat

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available En el ensayo "La herida siempre abierta en un cuerpo" o las políticas de la investidura en Duerme de Carmen Boullosa se exploran los cuestionamientos de las construcciones genéricas en Duenne, novela que presenta una protagonista que juega con las representaciones identitarias. Utilizando planteamientos teóricos de Jacques Derrida y Michele Foucault se cuestiona también la teorización de ludith Butler con respecto al travestismo y las políticas del cuerpo. In her essay "La herida siempre abierta en un cuerpo" o las políticas de investidura en Carmen Boullosa" (the wound ever open in a body, or the politics of investiture " the author explores the questionings of generic constructions in "Duenne", a novel which introduces a protagonist who plays with identity representations. On the basis of theoretical principles from M. Foucault and, Derrida, J. Butler's own theorization on transvestism and the politics of the body are also called in question.

  17. Las heridas de la memoria Disputas patrimoniales en el Palacio de la Moneda, Chile

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    Francisca Marquéz

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available El Palacio de la Moneda, en tanto Monumento Histórico Nacional, constituye una de las piezas centrales en la construcción siempre inacabada de la República de Chile. Esta investigación, se pregunta por la disputa y actualización de esa verdad del pasado fundacional, del presente y el futuro posible de este Palacio de gobierno. ¿Cuáles son los significados históricos y políticos que el Estado y los ciudadanos otorgan a este monumento? ¿Cuáles son las disputas y acuerdos que se plasma en su forma material y simbólica? A partir de un enfoque metodológico de la antropología y la historia, las evidencias empíricas permiten señalar que aun cuando el significado histórico de su forma, ha sido una y otra vez reinventado, persisten en su materialidad y su significado, las heridas de la memoria. Tras el bombardeo sufrido el 11 de septiembre de 1973, el Palacio de la Moneda –una y otra vez remodelado y blanqueado– permanece sumido en la ruina de esa verdad histórica. La investigación concluye que, a pesar de los actos reparatorios, de las conmemoraciones simbólicas, de las marchas y movilizaciones en su frontis, el futuro sigue abierto a su reinvención.

  18. Estudio ATHAC 04-05: Estudio observacional sobre el uso de apósitos neutros o impregnados en agente antibacteriano de una innovadora tecnologia patentada: la tecnología lípido coloidal (TLC para el tratamiento de heridas agudas y/o crónicas The ATHAC Survey 04-05: Observational study regarding the use of neuter dressings or dressings impregnated in an antibacterian agent using an innovative patented technology: the lipid colloid technology for the treatment of acute and/or chronic wounds

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    José Verdú Soriano

    2006-06-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: El estudio ATHAC recoge datos sobre heridas agudas y crónicas que son candidatas a un tratamiento a base de apósitos grasos neutros como la gama URGOTUL. Objetivos: Describir las características de las heridas, describir los tratamiento aplicados a estas heridas y explorar las opiniones de los profesionales de enfermería y los pacientes sobre los tratamientos en términos de aplicabilidad, adaptabilidad y confort para el paciente. Material y métodos: 1.500 pacientes fueron incluidos en el estudio de acuerdo al tipo de herida y a los tratamientos en uso. Se recogieron datos a partir de dos cuestionarios: uno para el paciente y otro para la enfermera responsable de sus cuidados. Las enfermeras recogieron los datos en el primer día de inclusión y los pacientes respondían al cuestionario 1 mes más tarde o antes si la herida había cicatrizado. Las variables recogidas por la enfermera fueron: datos sociodemográficos, etiología de las lesiones, características y localización de las heridas, aspectos y opiniones sobre el tratamiento. A los pacientes se les preguntó por la duración del tratamiento, el estado de la lesión en el momento de contestar y desde su punto de vista, así como su opinión sobre el dolor, satisfacción general y aceptabilidad. Se llevaron a cabo análisis descriptivos uni y bivariados. Para cada paciente, si tenía más de una lesión, se recogieron datos de la lesión de mayor tamaño. Resultados: Finalmente, se estudiaron 1.432 pacientes con una o más lesiones (420 tenían más de una lesión. El 60,4% eran mujeres y la edad media fue de 66 ± 19 años. En el caso de las heridas crónicas (657 lesiones predominaron las úlceras venosas (47% y las úlceras por presión (23%. En las heridas agudas (775 lesiones, la mayoría fueron traumáticas (41% y quemaduras (32,5%. La principal localización en todas las lesiones fueron los miembros inferiores (57,4% en heridas crónicas y 39% en agudas. El 84

  19. Vigilancia de las infecciones de herida quirúrgica. Experiencia de 18 meses en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología

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    Vilar-Compte Diana

    1999-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO. Conocer la frecuencia de infecciones quirúrgicas con un programa prospectivo de vigilancia de cirugías y seguimiento postegreso, en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, que es un hospital de tercer nivel de la Ciudad de México. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS. Durante 18 meses se captaron y se vigilaron todas las cirugías efectuadas en el hospital. Se calcularon las razones (por 100 cirugías de infecciones de herida quirúrgica (IHQX por servicio y por el grado de contaminación bacteriana. Se utilizaron las definiciones de IHQX del Centro para la Prevención y el Control de las Enfermedades de Estados Unidos de América (1992. RESULTADOS. Se vigilaron 3 372 cirugías. Trescientos trece casos se infectaron: 140 (44.7% fueron incisionales superficiales; 137 (43.7%, incisionales profundas, y 36 (11.5%, de órganos y espacios. La frecuencia de IHQX fue de 9.28%; para las cirugías limpias, limpias-contaminadas, contaminadas y sucias fue de 7.35, 10.5, 17.3 y 21.5%, respectivamente. La frecuencia de infecciones por servicio fue: gastroenterología, 14.13%; tumores de mama, 11.08%; piel y partes blandas, 10.98%; ginecología, 9.06%; urología, 7.38%; cabeza y cuello, 7.13%, y neumología, 1.81%. La IHQX ocurrió en promedio a los 11.6±6.23 días; 85 casos (27.16% se diagnosticaron mientras el paciente estaba hospitalizado, y 228 (72.84%, después del egreso del paciente. Se obtuvo algún cultivo en 134 (42.8% casos. Los gérmenes más comunes fueron: E. coli, 38 (22.5%; estafilococo coagulasa negativo, 23 (13.6%; Pseudomonas sp., 22 (13%; S. aureus, 16 (9.4%, y enterococos,13 (7.7%. CONCLUSIONES. La vigilancia prospectiva de las cirugías con un seguimiento por 30 días aumentó hasta en 400% la posibilidad de detectar una IHQX. La frecuencia de IHQX en las cirugías limpias y limpias-contaminadas se encuentra por arriba de lo informado.

  20. Contexto social, biológico, psicológico, económico y cultural en personas con heridas en miembros inferiores Social, biological, psychological, economic and cultural contexts of people with wounded legs

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    RENATA VIRGINIA GONZÁLEZ CONSUEGRA

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available La presente investigación caracteriza los contextos cultural, económico, social, biológico y psicológico de las personas usuarias del programa Clínica de Heridas dirigido por un grupo de profesoras del área de Fundamentación en enfermería de la Facultad de Enfermería de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Se sabe que el cuidado de personas con heridas exige el conocimiento de la severidad de las mismas, especialmente las heridas vasculares que son crónicas y de lenta cicatrización. Las condiciones que retardan su recuperación conllevan alto riesgo de complicaciones, así como el estado nutricional, la accesibilidad a asistencia médica y la motivación para la recuperación. La pobre cicatrización y las lesiones derivadas de los procesos lentos de recuperación de la integridad de la piel en las heridas de origen vascular son un grave problema de salud porque exponen al individuo a infecciones que pueden volverse graves o incluso llevar a la muerte, además porque originan una importante alteración de la autoestima, que puede causar en algunas personas aislamiento y sentimientos de minusvalía. En el proceso de recuperación hay que tener en cuenta aspectos como la nutrición, edad, enfermedades asociadas, estadio de la herida, aspectos psicológicos y apoyo social con que cuenta la persona. Una vez definida la multicausalidad en las personas con heridas de origen vascular, se realiza esta investigación que pretende aportar, desde los diferentes contextos de estudio, las bases teóricas y prácticas que orienten en forma asertiva al profesional de enfermería y al resto del grupo interdisciplinario para elaborar planes de cuidado más integrales que trasciendan lo biológico, a fin de mejorar el estado de salud en la población vulnerable.This research characterizes the cultural, economic, social, biological and psychological context of users of the Injury Treatment Center program led by a group of lecturers of the area of

  1. Nueva clasificación de las fracturas de trazo unilateral del tercio medio facial

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    Francisco Avello

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available Las fracturas de trazo unilateral del tercio medio facial son las más frecuentes de las fracturas del macizo óseo-facial, en general. Dentro de estas, son las que afectan al maxilar superior y al malar las de mayor incidencia. Se producen como consecuencia de traumatismos severos, siendo la determinación de este tipo de fractura, por edad, sexo y agente causal importante para su manejo. Se pueden presentar en forma combinada con otro tipo de fractura facial. Tienen una mayor incidencia en el sexo masculino, afectando mayormente a individuos entre 20 y 40 años de edad. Los accidentes de tránsito y las agresiones por robo son las principales causas. El tercio medio del macizo óseo-facial está conformado por un complejo de huesos unidos unos a otros, dentro de los que tenemos principalmente a los maxilares superiores, huesos propios nasales, malares y temporales. Razón por la que se ha querido elaborar una clasificación, que incluya las estructuras óseas mencionadas, que a la vez sea comprensible y de fácil aplicación.

  2. Mini-mastoidectomía para anastomosis hipogloso-facial con sección parcial del nervio hipogloso

    Science.gov (United States)

    Campero, Álvaro; Ajler, Pablo; Socolovsky, Mariano; Martins, Carolina; Rhoton, Albert

    2012-01-01

    Introducción: La anastomosis hipogloso-facial es la técnica de elección para la reparación de la parálisis facial cuando no se dispone de un cabo proximal sano del nervio facial. La técnica de anastomosis mediante fresado mastoideo y sección parcial del hipogloso minimiza la atrofia lingual sin sacrificar resultados a nivel facial. Método: La porción mastoidea del nervio facial transcurre por la pared anterior de la AM, a un promedio de 18+/-3 mm de profundidad respecto de la pared lateral. Se debe reconocer la cresta supramastoidea, desde la cual se marca una línea vertical paralela al eje mayor de la AM, 1 cm por detrás de la pared posterior del CAE El fresado se comienza desde la línea medio mastoidea hasta la pared posterior del CAE. Una vez encontrado el nervio facial en el tercio medio del canal mastoideo, el mismo es seguido hacia proximal y distal. Resultados: El abordaje descripto permite acceder al nervio facial intratemporal en su porción mastoidea, y efectuar un fresado óseo sin poner en riesgo al nervio o a estructuras vasculares cercanas. Se trata de un procedimiento técnicamente más sencillo que los abordajes amplios habitualmente utilizados al hueso temporal; no obstante su uso debe ser restringido mayormente a la anastomosis hipogloso-facial. Conclusión: Esta es una técnica relativamente sencilla, que puede ser reproducida por cirujanos sin mayor experiencia en el tema, luego de su paso por el laboratorio de anatomía. PMID:23596555

  3. ¿Puede un bolso provocar una úlcera por presión?: Caso clínico: importancia de la atención integral a las personas que sufren heridas Can a bag cause a pressure ulcer?: Case report: importance of patient comprehensive health care planning for the people who suffer wounds

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    Ángel Romero-Collado

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available Las úlceras por presión se pueden presentar en las situaciones más inesperadas, como el caso de esta paciente de 60 años, completamente autónoma, que a raíz de una luxación inveterada de la articulación acromioclavicular y la interacción de factores internos (desnutrición, anemia y hepatopatía y externos, padeció una úlcera por presión de estadio II en el hombro. La valoración integral de la persona y su herida permitió a la paciente recuperar la integridad cutánea de la zona y ser intervenida para rectificar así la luxación y mejorar su calidad de vida.Pressure ulcers can occur in unexpected situations, such as a woman of 60 years old, completely autonomous, for whom an inveterate acromioclavicular dislocation to interaction with external and internal factors (such as poor nutrition, anaemia or chronic liver disease developed a pressure ulcer stage II in her shoulder. Proper wound healing was possible if it takes an individualized care plan, booth the patient and the wound, and this let the patient to have a surgical intervention and a good quality of live.

  4. Calidad de vida relacionada con heridas crónicas

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    Renata Virginia González-Consuegra

    Full Text Available El presente artículo hace una revisión bibliográfica que se inicia con un recorrido de la evolución del concepto de calidad de vida (CV y su aplicación en salud, el cual debe su importancia a la forma más amplia en que es concebido el estado de salud personal, al contener implícito el bienestar social, lo que ha generado el desarrollo de medidas que permiten captar la salud en sus dimensiones múltiples y también positivas, como las de salud percibida o de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS. La medición de la CVRS ha mostrado su utilidad en la investigación, en la práctica clínica, en la evaluación de los servicios sanitarios y en salud pública, lo que permite -en gran medida- contribuir a mejorar la gestión del cuidado. Con el paso del tiempo y la evolución tecnológica, la esperanza de vida ha ido en aumento, con el consiguiente envejecimiento de la población, siendo frecuente la presencia de enfermedades crónicas y metabólicas que, en muchos casos, traen consigo la presencia de heridas crónicas (HC de difícil manejo, que afectan negativa y considerablemente la CVRS de la población mayor de 65 años, especialmente femenina. La literatura reciente, es profusa respecto a los diferentes instrumentos para la medición de CVRS, por lo que se hace necesario conocer de qué disponemos para poder hacer uso de las herramientas adecuadas, según la condición de salud de la persona, a fin de aproximarse a las necesidades reales de las personas a nuestro cuidado. La mayoría de las herramientas de medición de CVRS se han desarrollado en Europa y Estados Unidos, lo que exige que para ser utilizadas en poblaciones distintas a las de su origen se cumpla con la adaptación y validación respectiva, a fin de que sus resultados reflejen la percepción real de la población.

  5. Paralisia facial periférica congênita familiar

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    Ehrenfried O. Wittig

    1968-03-01

    Full Text Available Os autores referem 6 casos de paralisia facial periférica congênita que se sucederam em três gerações. O estudo genético sugere a atuação de um gen autosômico dominante. Na mesma família foram assinalados outras alterações congênitas (estrabismo, nistagmo. Um dos pacientes com paralisia facial (caso II-7 também apresentava micrognatia. Os pacientes com outras alterações congênitas não foram examinados adequadamente, não sendo possível, por isso, estbelecer relação etiológica entre esses achados e a paralisia facial.

  6. Observaciones sobre colostomía

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    Jaime Escobar T.

    1971-01-01

    Full Text Available Se hace una revisión sobre 133 casos de colostomías hechas en pacientes del Hospital San Juan de Dios de Bogotá en un período de cinco años; el 43.7 por ciento de los casos eran heridas por arma de fuego. La mortalidad global fue de 16.5 por ciento. La colostomía derivativa, en ASA, ha bajado la mortalidad en las heridas de colon en dicho hospital.

  7. Actualización bibliográfica sobre el uso de preparaciones ricas en plaquetas en la cicatrización de heridas Updated review of the use of platelet rich preparations in wound healing

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    D.A. Mateo de Acosta Andino

    2010-09-01

    Full Text Available Las plaquetas poseen más de 20 factores de crecimiento en sus gránulos. Su secreción promueve la reparación de heridas. La cicatrización es un intrincado proceso en el cual intervienen no solo los factores plaquetarios proangiogénicos sino también factores antiangiogénicos. La preservación por congelación de las plaquetas empleada para su preservación, desestabiliza y activa la membrana plaquetaria alterando sus propiedades. En el campo del tratamiento de heridas recalcitrantes en pacientes debilitados o con enfermedades crónicas, el uso de preparaciones plaquetarias en forma de plasma fresco congelado, las preparaciones plaquetarias sonicadas, las preparaciones congeladas y deshidratadas y el uso de fragmentos de dermis alogénica, confiere efectos beneficiosos, logrando mejores tiempos de cierre en las heridas y menor alteración de la morfología de la cicatriz final. En el presente artículo, describiremos los estudios que han demostrado estos efectos, así como las encrucijadas actuales y los estudios que debemos esperar en un futuro no lejano.Platelets store more than 20 growth factors in their granules. Their secretion promotes wound healing and repair. The intricate wound healing process involves not only the angiogenic platelet factors but also de anti-angiogenic ones. The process of platelet preservation, such as freezing, disrupt the platelet membrane structure and their angiogenic properties causing platelet activation. In the field of wound healing and the management of recalcitrant wounds in debilitated and chronically ill patients, there have been several studies. These studies have focused on the use of the different platelet preparations such as fresh frozen plasma, frozen-dried platelet rich plasma, sonicated platelet rich plasma and the use of alogenic acelular dermis. Platelet preparations posses positive effects on wound healing with little alterations of the final scar tissue. In this article we will describe

  8. Desarrollo de un índice de medida de la evolución hacia la cicatrización de las heridas crónicas Development of a wound healing index for chronic wounds

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    Juan Carlos Restrepo-Medrano

    2011-12-01

    Sussman, uno de WHS, uno de CODED y, finalmente, una revisión literaria que recoge cuatro de los anteriores. Independientemente del número de artículos por escala, la escala PSST tiene la mejor investigación sobre validez y fiabilidad. No obstante, la mayoría son instrumentos de medida exclusivos de úlceras por presión. Sólo presentan estudios de validez y fiabilidad cuatro escalas (PUSH, PSST, DESIGN y CODED. La única escala que se ha validado también para úlceras venosas ha sido el PUSH, al idioma inglés y portugués. La única escala encontrada en español es CODED, desarrollada en el País Vasco en el año 2000, pero solo presenta un estudio parcial. Es por ello que se decide desarrollar una escala de novo para todo tipo de heridas crónicas. La escala desarrollada, que recibe el nombre provisional de "RESVECH V1.0. Resultados esperados de la valoración y evolución de la cicatrización de las heridas crónicas", obtiene puntuaciones del CVI, por parte de los expertos superiores al 80% en todos los ítems que la componen. Queda definida, a espera del estudio de validez y fiabilidad, en nueve ítems: dimensiones de la lesión, profundidad/tejidos afectados, bordes, maceración perilesional, tunelizaciones, tipo de tejido en el lecho de la herida, exudado, infección/inflamación (signos de biofilm, frecuencia del dolor (en últimos 10 días. La escala se puntúa numéricamente y se puede obtener una puntuación que oscila entre 0 y 40 puntos, herida cicatrizada o la peor herida posible respectivamente. Además, se acompaña de las definiciones operacionales de cada ítem y su forma de valorarlos. Conclusiones: se obtiene una escala con validez de contenido, a priori, mediante la valoración de un grupo de expertos.Objectives: to systematically review the literature on healing measurement tools. To develop a scale for measuring progress towards healing for chronic wounds. Material and methods: the study was conducted in two phases: Phase 1: Systematic

  9. Reconstrucción facial postraumática: Experiencia en un centro hospitalario no gubernamental Post-traumatic facial reconstruction: Experience in a private third level medical centre

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    V.J. Visag Castillo

    2012-03-01

    Full Text Available El trauma facial se asocia a importantes defectos funcionales y estéticos, por lo tanto, su tratamiento rápido y apropiado mejorará los resultados tanto estéticos como funcionales. Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo, observacional y descriptivo en el que se analizan los registros médico-quirúrgicos de los pacientes sometidos a reconstrucción facial postraumática por cirujanos plásticos en nuestro centro hospitalario entre enero del 2006 y diciembre del 2009. En total, revisamos 51 casos de trauma facial con reconstrucción; el sexo masculino fue el más afectado, la edad media de los pacientes fue de 29 años; el principal tipo de trauma fue el contuso por accidente automovilístico; las reparaciones realizadas de urgencia fueron la mayoría (91 % y la fractura facial más frecuente fue la de órbita y dentro de ella, la de piso orbitario. Las fijaciones más usadas fueron miniplacas y tornillos de titanio, mientras que para el piso de la órbita se empleó la malla de titanio. La media de tiempo quirúrgico fue de 120 minutos. Las principales complicaciones se presentaron en los pacientes más graves y se relacionaron con el evento traumático. Con este estudio intentamos demostrar que en el Hospital Medica Sur (México DF, se presentan los mismos tipos de trauma facial que se reflejan en la literatura al respecto, y que la reparación realizada de urgencia y por cirujanos plásticos tiene buenos resultados tanto funcionales como estéticos.Facial trauma is associated with important functional and aesthetic defects; therefore a quick and correct management improves the functional and aesthetic results. We present a retrospective, observational and descriptive study analyzing the medical charts of those patients who suffered post-traumatic face reconstruction by plastic surgeons, between january 2006 and december 2009. We analyze 51 cases of facial trauma; men where more affected, average age was 29.33 years, the most frequent trauma

  10. ORIGIN OF THE FACIAL ARTERY FROM THE LINGUAL-FACIAL TRUNK AND ITS COURSE THROUGH THE SUBMANDIBULAR SALIVARY GLAND: A CASE REPORT. Origen de la arteria facial desde el tronco lingual-facial y su curso a través de la glándula salival submandibular: informe

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    Srinivasa Rao Sirasanagandla

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available La disección cuidadosa del tercio posterior de la parte superficial de la glándula salival submandibular es uno de los pasos quirúrgicos esenciales en la extirpación endoscópica glandular, evitando daños en la arteria facial. Un buen conocimiento de la poco común relación entre la arteria facial y la glándula salival submandibular es de vital importancia para llevar a cabo de forma eficiente y segura la extirpación de la glándula submandibular. Las variaciones del patrón de ramificación de la arteria facial son bien conocidas y han sido expuestas en el pasado. Sin embargo, las variaciones en su origen y trayectoria son poco frecuentes. Durante una rutinaria disección de cabeza y cuello para los estudiantes universitarios de Medicina, observamos la inusual trayectoria de la arteria facial en el triángulo digástrico derecho en un cadáver de un varón de origen indio de aproximadamente 60 años. La arteria facial derecha se originó de la común lingual-facial del tronco por encima del nivel del asta mayor del hueso hioides, y luego atravesar a través de la sustancia de la parte superficial de la glándula submandibular, sin la formación de un bucle. Después la arteria entraba en la cara por el ángulo anteroinferior del masetero. A continuación, en su trayectoria intraglandular, esta arteria mostraba pequeñas ramificaciones glandulares.  Careful dissection of the posterior one third of the superficial part of the submandibular salivary gland is one of the essential surgical steps in endoscopic glandular excision, to avoid injury to the facial artery. A sound knowledge of unusual relationship of the facial artery with the submandibular salivary gland is essentially important to perform the safe and efficient submandibular gland excision. Different types of variations in the branching pattern of the facial artery have been reported in the past. However, variations in the origin and course of the facial artery are very rare

  11. Percutaneous radiofrequency rhizotomy and neurovascular decompression of the trigeminal nerve for the treatment of facial pain Rizotomia percutânea por radiofreqüência e a descompressão neurovascular do nervo trigêmeo no tratamento das algias faciais

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    Manoel J. Teixeira

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To determine the outcomes of 354 radiofrequency rhizotomies and 21 neurovascular decompressions performed as treatment for 367 facial pain patients (290 idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia, 52 symptomatic trigeminal neuralgia, 16 atypical facial pain, 9 post-herpetic neuralgia. METHOD: Clinical findings and surgery success rate were considered for evaluation. A scale of success rate was determined to classify patients, which considered pain relief and functional/sensorial deficits. RESULTS: Radiofrequency rhizotomy was performed in 273 patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia and in all other patients, except for trigeminal neuropathy; neurovascular decompression was performed in 18 idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia patients; 100% idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia, 96.2% symptomatic trigeminal neuralgia, 37.5% atypical facial pain and 88.9% post-herpetic neuralgia had pain relief. CONCLUSION: Both techniques for idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia are usefull. Radiofrequency rhizotomy was also efficient to treat symptomatic facial pain, and post-herpetic facial pain, but is not a good technique for atypical facial pain.OBJETIVO: Determinar eficácia e achados pós-operatórios após 354 rizotomias por radiofreqüência e 21 descompressões neurovasculares como tratamento de 367 pacientes com dor facial (290 neuralgia idiopática do trigêmeo, 52 neuralgia sintomática do trigêmeo, 16 dor facial atípica, 9 neuralgia pós-herpética. MÉTODO: Achados clínicos e taxa de sucesso das cirurgias foram considerados para a avaliação. Uma escala avaliando alívio da dor e complicações sensoriais e funcionais foi utilizada para classificar os pacientes. RESULTADOS: A rizotomia por radiofreqüência foi realizada em 273 pacientes com neuralgia idiopática do trigêmeo e em todos os outros pacientes, exceto neuropatia trigeminal; descompressão neurovascular foi realizada em 18 pacientes com neuralgia idiopática do trigêmeo; 100% dos pacientes

  12. Relleno facial con ácido hialurónico: técnica de pilares y malla de sustentación. Principios básicos para obtener una remodelación facial Facial filling with hyaloronic acid: pillars technique and supporting mesh. Basic principles to obtain a facial remodelling

    OpenAIRE

    P.J. Erazo; A.C. de Carvalho; T. Alexander; M. Ramos; P. Vianna

    2009-01-01

    Presentamos dos técnicas de relleno facial utilizando ácido hialurónico y los resultados obtenidos con este método desarrollado por nosotros en base a los principios físicos de sustentación, para optimizar y racionalizar el material de relleno y mejorar los resultados, especialmente la relación costo-beneficio. Hacemos también una presentación general de los principios básicos para conseguir remodelar el tejido cutáneo empleando técnicas de relleno facial. Señalamos la importancia de la evalu...

  13. Celulitis facial odontógena

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    ORLANDO L RODRÍGUEZ CALZADILLA

    1997-06-01

    Full Text Available Se muestra un grupo de pacientes afectados por celulitis facial odontógena y los resultados obtenidos durante el tratamiento, pues en ocasiones se produce demora en su remisión al Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial. Dichos resultados deben tomarse en cuenta por parte de los estomatólogos generales integrales e incorporarlos a los programas docentes. Un total de 40 pacientes constituye el universo de trabajo; predominó la edad de 15 años y más (60 %, y el sexo femenino (57,5 % como el de mayor incidencia. Los pacientes que fueron remitidos tempranamente evolucionaron de forma satisfactoria al tratamiento.A group of patients affected with odontogen facial cellulitis is presented. The results obtained during the treatment are shown, since sometime their referral to the Maxillofacial Surgery Service is delayed. The comprehensive general stomatologists should take such results into consideration and include them in the curricula. Most of the 40 patients studies were 15 years and over. The greastest incidence was observed among the females (57.5 %. Those who were referred early had a satisfactory evolution.

  14. O uso do Aloe sp (aloe vera em feridas agudas e crônicas: revisão integrativa

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lucélia Terra Chini

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivos: buscar evidencias disponibles en la literatura acerca del uso de Aloe sp (sábila en la cicatrización de heridas agudas y crónicas. Materiales y método: se trata de una revisión integradora realizada en las bases de datos LILACS, PubMed y Scopus, en el periodo de febrero a marzo del 2015. La búsqueda resultó en 178 publicaciones. Resultados: siete estudios constituyeron la revisión, los cuales involucraron personas con heridas de cesárea, heridas de episiotomía, quemaduras, área donadora de injerto, heridas posthemorroidectomía y heridas fisuarias anales crónicas. Se evidenció que la sábila promueve la cicatrización de heridas, además de disminuir el dolor en fisuras anales crónicas y quemaduras. Conclusiones: la sábila representa una nueva terapéutica en el tratamiento de heridas; sin embargo, las evidencias disponibles sobre su eficacia y seguridad son ineficientes para legitimar su uso en la cicatrización de heridas agudas y crónicas; por lo tanto, no se pueden generalizar.

  15. Rejuvenecimiento facial en "doble sigma" "Double ogee" facial rejuvenation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    O. M. Ramírez

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available Las técnicas subperiósticas descritas por Tessier revolucionaron el tratamiento del envejecimiento facial, recomendando esta vía para tratar los signos tempranos del envejecimiento en pacientes jóvenes y de mediana edad. Psillakis refinó la técnica y Ramírez describió un método más seguro y eficaz de lifting subperióstico, demostrando que la técnica subperióstica de rejuveneciento facial se puede aplicar en el amplio espectro del envejecimiento facial. La introducción del endoscopio en el tratamiento del envejecimiento facial ha abierto una nueva era en la Cirugía Estética. Hoy la disección subperióstica asistida endocópicamente del tercio superior, medio e inferior de la cara, proporciona un medio eficaz para la reposición de los tejidos blandos, con posibilidad de aumento del esqueleto óseo craneofacial, menor edema facial postoperatorio, mínima lesión de las ramas del nervio facial y mejor tratamiento de las mejillas. Este abordaje, desarrollado y refinado durante la última década, se conoce como "Ritidectomía en Doble Sigma". El Arco Veneciano en doble sigma, bien conocido en Arquitectura desde la antigüedad, se caracteriza por ser un trazo armónico de curva convexa y a continuación curva cóncava. Cuando se observa una cara joven, desde un ángulo oblicuo, presenta una distribución característica de los tejidos, previamente descrita para el tercio medio como un arco ojival arquitectónico o una curva en forma de "S". Sin embargo, en un examen más detallado de la cara joven, en la vista de tres cuartos, el perfil completo revela una "arco ojival doble" o una sigma "S" doble. Para ver este recíproco y multicurvilíneo trazo de la belleza, debemos ver la cara en posición oblicua y así poder ver ambos cantos mediales. En esta posición, la cara joven presenta una convexidad característica de la cola de la ceja que confluye en la concavidad de la pared orbitaria lateral formando así el primer arco (superior

  16. PHMB: Utilización del apósito de espuma antimicrobiana (AMD KendallTM (PHMB 0,5% en el tratamiento de las heridas crónicas PHMB: The role ok KendallTM AMD Antimicrobial Foam Dressing (0.5% PHMB in the treatment of wounds

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    John Timmons

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available Abordamos la parte más problemática del tratamiento de las heridas crónicas o agudas, de acuerdo con los profesionales especializados es la infección de la herida. La sobrecarga bacteriana puede retardar la curación de la herida y disminuir la calidad del paciente como consecuencia del aumento del dolor, del exudado y del posible mal olor. Se han recopilado casos clínicos durante los últimos 6 meses en una unidad especializada en el cuidado de heridas de los hospitales Doncaster y Bassetlaw, RU. Estos casos ilustran la variedad de tipos de herida que pueden tratarse con éxito con el nuevo apósito de Espuma antimicrobiano KendallTM AMD (PHMB 0,5%. Se pudo concluir que el apósito de Espuma KendallTM AMD actúa bien como antimicrobiano y como producto de vendaje moderno. Su utilización disminuye la carga bacteriana al tiempo que consigue la absorción del exudado y el mantenimiento de un ambiente óptimo para la curación de la herida.The most troublesome part of wound healing according to the care practitioners is the Wound infection. The presence of excess bacteria in the wound can lead to delayed healing that lead to a reduced quality of life for the patient due to increased pain, higher exudates levels and potential malodor. The following patient case report have been collated over the past six months in a specialist wound care clinic in Doncaster and Bassetlaw, UK. These cases illustrate the range of wound types that have been successfully treated with the new KendallTM AMD Antimicrobial Foam dressing (PHMB 0,5%. The conclusion was that KendallTM AMD Foam dressing functions well as an antimicrobial and a modern wound dressing product. This resulted in consistent lowering of the wound bioburden, absorption of exudates and maintenance of an optimal wound healing environment.

  17. Paralisia Facial Periférica por comprometimento do tronco cerebral: A propósito de um caso clínico Peripheral Facial Paralisys of brainstem origin: A clinical case description

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paulo R. Lazarini

    Full Text Available É apresentado um caso clínico de paciente portador de paralisia facial periférica com comprometimento de toda a hemiface direita. Durante a investigação clínica, esperava-se que o comprometimento topográfico do nervo facial se desse a partir de sua emergência na ponte. Após exames de imagem, evidenciou-se lesão expansiva no tronco cerebral. Deste modo, a classificação de paralisia facial como periférica ou central não atende a este caso. O uso de uma classificação utilizando os núcleos do nervo facial como referência pode ser mais adequado na investigação clínica da paralisia facial.It is presented a clinical case of a patient with a peripheral facial paralysis with hemifacial compromise. During the clinical investigation it was expected that the topographic compromise of the facial nerve would arise out of the emergence of the nerve from the pons. After some image examinations, an expansive brain trunk lesion was evidenced. Thus, the classification of facial paralysis - either peripheral or central - is not applicable to this case. The use of a classification having the facial nerve nucleus as reference could be more adequate in the clinical investigation of the paralysis.

  18. La expresión facial de las emociones: Historia y aplicaciones

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    Fernando Gordillo

    2013-04-01

    Full Text Available La expresión facial permite la comunicación, adecuación y regulación de las emociones dentro del contexto social. Este artículo se inicia con un breve recorrido por los orígenes de este tema de investigación, como hilo conductor que nos permita comprender su relevancia social. El rostro, por ser en muchas ocasiones el reflejo de nuestras emociones, también lo es en cierto grado de nuestra conducta y cognición. En este sentido, la capacidad de discriminar las emociones a través de la expresión facial favorece la seguridad y eficacia de diferentes profesionales, como las fuerzas de seguridad y el personal sanitario.

  19. Study of face pleasantness using facial analysis in standardized frontal photographs

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Imara de Almeida Castro Morosini

    2012-10-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this research was to check if the numeric facial analysis can determine facial attractiveness. METHOD: The sample consisted of frontal and lateral standard facial photographs, in natural head position, of 85 Brazilian Caucasian women, without facial plastic surgery report. The sample mean age was 23 years and 9 months. A group of 5 orthodontists, 5 layman and 5 plastic artists classified the photographs according to their own attractiveness graduation in: pleasant, acceptable and not pleasant. The numeric facial analysis was then performed using a computerized method. Linear, proportional and angular measurements were compared among groups. RESULTS: According subjective analysis the sample was consisted of 18.8% of pleasant, 70.6% of acceptable and 10.6% of not pleasant. In most measurements there were no differences among groups. Just in three of them significant statistical difference was observed and in two of them the comparison value was within decision limit. All the differences found were related to the lower third of the face and to facial pattern. CONCLUSION: On the present research, the numeric facial analysis, by itself, was not capable of detecting facial attractiveness, considering that beauty judgment seems to be very personal.OBJETIVO: esse estudo foi desenvolvido com o propósito de verificar se a análise facial numérica realizada em fotografias frontais é sensível em detectar a atratividade da face. MÉTODOS: a amostra foi composta por fotografias faciais padronizadas, frontais e laterais, em posição natural da cabeça, de 85 mulheres brasileiras, leucodermas, com idades entre 18 e 30 anos, sem histórico de cirurgia plástica facial. A idade média da amostra foi de 23 anos e 9 meses. As fotografias foram classificadas de acordo com o grau de atratividade da face por uma banca composta de cinco especialistas em Ortodontia, cinco leigos e cinco artistas plásticos. A partir dessa classifica

  20. Estudio de las técnicas de reconocimiento facial en obras de arte a través de la visión por computador

    OpenAIRE

    Ochoa de Aspuru Paniagua, José Antonio

    2015-01-01

    El objetivo de esta investigación es comprobar la utilidad de las técnicas actuales de reconocimiento facial a través de la visión por computador en entornos museísticos. Para alcanzar este fin, he seguido las estrategias de diseño y creación para crear una aplicación que me permita posteriormente realizar una serie de experimentos, los cuales me proporcionarán los datos necesarios con los que evaluar la funcionalidad de estas técnicas existentes en obras de arte, en mi caso concretamente, so...

  1. Redefinición del concepto y del abordaje de las lesiones por humedad: Una propuesta conceptual y metodológica para mejorar el cuidado de las lesiones cutáneas asociadas a la humedad (LESCAH

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joan-Enric Torra i Bou

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Actualmente se percibe una indefinición manifiesta acerca de la conceptualización y abordaje de las llamadas lesiones por humedad en los entornos clínicos, docentes e investigadores de nuestro país, que muy frecuentemente relacionan este término solo con las lesiones producidas por la orina y las heces. Dadas las diversas repercusiones que se intuye pueden tener este tipo de lesiones, se hace necesario consensuar y unificar los distintos aspectos relacionados con el cuidado de estas heridas. En el presente artículo, y siguiendo la tendencia internacional, se propone la adopción del término lesiones cutáneas asociadas a la humedad (LESCAH para referirnos a la inflamación y erosión de la piel causada por la exposición prolongada a diversas fuentes de humedad, incluyendo la orina o las heces, el sudor, el exudado de la herida, el moco o la saliva. Desde esta premisa, se presentan y describen los diferentes tipos de LESCAH identificados en la clínica. Y finalmente, para facilitar la integración de la valoración, prevención y tratamiento de los pacientes con algún tipo de LESCAH, se propone un plan básico de actuación -denominado con el acrónimo CASPROT- con los distintos objetivos e intervenciones a realizar en cada fase.

  2. Deformaciones faciales y sus influencias sobre el psiquismo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Guillermo Nieto Cano

    1957-04-01

    Full Text Available Creemos haber dejado establecido, en síntesis, que todas las minusvalías físicas repercuten sobre el psiquismo, y que entre éstas las deformaciones faciales, por su ostentosa evidencia, son las que afectan más seriamente al individuo y modifican por eso más radicalmente su conducta, incidiendo así, en forma trascendental, sobre la colectividad. Tales defectos constituyen, por consiguiente, un serio problema humano, cuyo estudio y remedio incumbe no solamente al esteta cirujano, sino que interesa a todos aquellos que puedan influir sobre la estabilidad armónica y la buena marcha de la sociedad en que viven.

  3. Forma grave da síndrome pulmonar e cardiovascular por hantavírus tratada com pressurização positiva através de máscara facial Severe form of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome managed with continuous positive airway plessure through facial mask

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mariangela Pimentel Pincelli

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available O primeiro surto no Brasil da síndrome pulmonar e cardiovascular por hantavírus foi descrito em Juquitiba (SP, em 1993. Desde então têm sido descritos novos casos, especialmente nos estados do sul e sudeste do país. Em 2002 ocorreu a observação dos primeiros três casos em São Carlos (SP. Um dos pacientes recebeu suporte respiratório sem intubação traqueal, utilizando-se pressão positiva contínua nas vias aéreas (CPAP através de máscara facial. Este é o primeiro caso grave descrito de insuficiência respiratória por hantavírus em que houve sucesso com essa terapêutica ventilatória.In 1993 the first Brazilian cluster of Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HCPS was described in Juquitiba, SP. Since then, there have been descriptions of new cases specially on the southeast and south states of Brazil. Only in 2002 there were observed the first three cases of HCPS in our city: São Carlos. One of our patients was successfully supported with CPAP through facial mask. This is the first severe case of acute respiratory failure induced by Hantavirus that was successfully managed with this kind of respiratory strategy.

  4. Nueva clasificación de las fracturas de trazo unilateral del tercio medio facial

    OpenAIRE

    Francisco Avello; Allan Avello

    2007-01-01

    Las fracturas de trazo unilateral del tercio medio facial son las más frecuentes de las fracturas del macizo óseo-facial, en general. Dentro de estas, son las que afectan al maxilar superior y al malar las de mayor incidencia. Se producen como consecuencia de traumatismos severos, siendo la determinación de este tipo de fractura, por edad, sexo y agente causal importante para su manejo. Se pueden presentar en forma combinada con otro tipo de fractura facial. Tienen una mayor incidencia en el ...

  5. Nueva clasificación de las fracturas de trazo unilateral del tercio medio facial

    OpenAIRE

    Avello, Francisco; Avello, Allan

    2013-01-01

    Las fracturas de trazo unilateral del tercio medio facial son las más frecuentes de las fracturas del macizo óseo-facial, en general. Dentro de estas, son las que afectan al maxilar superior y al malar las de mayor incidencia. Se producen como consecuencia de traumatismos severos, siendo la determinación de este tipo de fractura, por edad, sexo y agente causal importante para su manejo. Se pueden presentar en forma combinada con otro tipo de fractura facial. Tienen una mayor incidencia en el ...

  6. Rol de la pareja en el proceso de rehabilitación de personas con discapacidad física por situaciones de guerra

    OpenAIRE

    Rincón Díaz, Maritza; Restrepo de Giraldo, Lucía

    2010-01-01

    Objetivo: este artículo estudia el rol de la pareja en el proceso de rehabilitación de uno de sus miembros con lesión medular, producida por herida en actos del servicio como integrante del Ejército de Colombia. Método. se realizó un estudio cualitativo de tipo descriptivo, no estructurado con una única unidad muestral. Se contó con la participación voluntaria de una familia de estrato socioeconómico medio-bajo (esposos y dos hijos). Se evaluaron tres aspectos con base en el modelo sistémico ...

  7. Disección anatómica de la musculatura mímica facial: revisión iconográfica de apoyo a los tratamientos complementarios en rejuvenecimiento facial Anatomical dissection of the mimic facial musculature: iconographic review as a support to the complementary treatments in facial rejuvenation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C. Casado Sánchez

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available A la hora de valorar las múltiples técnicas empleadas en el rejuvenecimiento facial y centrándonos de manera particular en aquellos procedimientos mínimamente invasivos complementarios a las intervenciones habituales en Cirugía Plástica-Estética, cobra especial relevancia el conocimiento exhaustivo de las estructuras musculares implicadas en la mímica facial. A tal efecto, se ha realizado un estudio anatómico en cadáveres frescos, en los que se han disecado las principales estructuras referidas. Se presenta un resumen iconográfico de los músculos faciales implicados, haciendo hincapié en su anatomía descriptiva y funcional, así como un recuerdo de las principales áreas problemáticas por alguna circunstancia especial (presencia de un nervio sensitivo o motor.To value the multiple technologies involved in facial rejuvenation and focusing in those minimally invasive complementary procedures to the usual Plastic and Aesthetic Surgeries, it´s very important the exhaustive knowledge of the muscular structures involved in the facial movements. To such an effect, an anatomical study has been realized in fresh corpses, dissecting the principal above-mentioned structures. We present an iconographic summary of the facial implied muscles, emphasizing in his descriptive and functional anatomy, as well as a recollection of the principal problematic areas for some special circumstance (presence of a sensory or motor nerve.

  8. Toward a universal, automated facial measurement tool in facial reanimation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hadlock, Tessa A; Urban, Luke S

    2012-01-01

    To describe a highly quantitative facial function-measuring tool that yields accurate, objective measures of facial position in significantly less time than existing methods. Facial Assessment by Computer Evaluation (FACE) software was designed for facial analysis. Outputs report the static facial landmark positions and dynamic facial movements relevant in facial reanimation. Fifty individuals underwent facial movement analysis using Photoshop-based measurements and the new software; comparisons of agreement and efficiency were made. Comparisons were made between individuals with normal facial animation and patients with paralysis to gauge sensitivity to abnormal movements. Facial measurements were matched using FACE software and Photoshop-based measures at rest and during expressions. The automated assessments required significantly less time than Photoshop-based assessments.FACE measurements easily revealed differences between individuals with normal facial animation and patients with facial paralysis. FACE software produces accurate measurements of facial landmarks and facial movements and is sensitive to paralysis. Given its efficiency, it serves as a useful tool in the clinical setting for zonal facial movement analysis in comprehensive facial nerve rehabilitation programs.

  9. Evaluación de la tecnología sanitaria: Apósitos basados en la cura en ambiente húmedo para heridas crónicas Evaluation of Sanitary Technology: Dressings based on humid environment cure for chronic wounds

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. Gago Fornells

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available El bombardeo constante en producción, diferenciación e idoneidad de tipos de apósitos al que se ha sometido en las dos últimas décadas el mundo de las heridas por parte de la industria hace necesario y obligatorio por parte del personal de la salud un conocimiento exhaustivo de la tecnología que tiene en sus manos. Los informes de Tecnología Sanitaria se han convertido en una buena herramienta para cubrir tanto la evaluación de los apósitos basados en cura en ambiente húmedo, como la precisión de sus indicaciones. En el presente trabajo analizamos la estructura de un Informe de Evaluación de Tecnología Sanitaria desde su marco general hasta su particularidad en el campo de los apósitos para el cuidado de heridas, las características básicas y estándar solicitadas por el profesional y el enfermo, manteniendo en todo momento unas visión integral desde el cuidado enfermero. Proponemos, al final, un informe ideal para hospital o centro de salud imaginario, que se ajuste a todas las premisas de calidad, las realidades de cada ámbito de salud y las posibilidades de cada sistema sanitario.In the last two decades the wounds sector has been subjected by the industry to a constant shelling in production, differentiation and suitability of types of dressings that requires necessarily and by imperative from the health staff an exhaustive knowledge of the technology that they have in their hands. The Sanitary Technology reports have become a good tool for covering both the evaluation of the dressings based on humid environment cure and their indications precision. In the present work we analyze the structure of a Sanitary Technology Evaluation report, from its general context to its special features in the field of dressings for wounds care, and the basic and standard characteristics requested by professionals and patients, always keeping an integral vision from the nurse care perspective. Finally, we propose an ideal report for a

  10. Estudo da qualidade de vida em indivíduos com paralisia facial periférica crônica adquirida Study on quality of life in subjects with acquired chronic peripheral facial palsy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rayné Moreira Melo Santos

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: analisar a qualidade de vida em indivíduos com paralisia facial periférica crônica adquirida. MÉTODO: foram selecionados, por meio de triagem, 12 indivíduos com paralisia facial periférica adquirida na fase de sequela, com etiologias de paralisia facial de Bell e Schwannoma após exérese. Foi verificado o grau da paralisia facial periférica adquirida de acordo com House & Brackmann9, além de ter sido realizada entrevista com perguntas fechadas, para verificar se havia interferência da paralisia facial na convivência social de cada indivíduo. O tipo de estudo foi transversal e, os testes utilizados foram o não-paramétrico de Mann-Whitney e o teste exato de Fisher, com o nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: os graus da paralisia facial foram divididos da seguinte forma: I-II (Normal a Disfunção leve, III-IV (Disfunção moderada a moderadamente severa e V-VI (Disfunção severa a paralisia total. Nas respostas quanto ao prejuízo nas atividades profissionais e pessoais, indivíduos com face normal a disfunção leve por paralisia facial de Bell responderam não ter prejuízo para suas atividades; na disfunção moderada a moderadamente severa todos responderam muito prejuízo e na disfunção severa a paralisia total, um indivíduo respondeu muito prejuízo. Na paralisia facial por Schwannoma no grupo classificado como disfunção leve, todos responderam nenhum prejuízo e na disfunção severa à paralisia total, um indivíduo respondeu muito prejuízo para tais atividades. CONCLUSÃO: a paralisia facial periférica crônica adquirida interferiu na qualidade de vida dos indivíduos com graus considerados mais graves.PURPOSE: to analyze quality of life in subjects with acquired chronic peripheral facial palsy. METHOD: 12 subjects with acquired facial palsy were selected through screening during the sequel, with etiologies of Bell and acoustic schwannoma after resection. The degree of acquired facial palsy was

  11. Tijuana, Baja California, 1999-2005

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    David F. Fuentes Romero

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se analiza el perfil de las muertes violentas en las mujeres de Tijuana, Baja California. Los datos provienen de fuentes forense, hemerográfica y del análisis derivado de los expedientes de homicidios dolosos. Se encontró que el rango de edad con mayor frecuencia en los homicidios de mujeres se da entre los 20 y los 34 años (42 por ciento. Sin embargo, en las mujeres el riesgo de morir víctima de un asesinato es más alto en menores de 15 años (20 por ciento. Las formas y medios de mayor frecuencia para asesinar a las mujeres son: heridas por lesiones y golpes (42.3 por ciento, disparo con arma de fuego (28 por ciento, asfixia mecánica y herida por arma blanca (28.8 por ciento.

  12. Sound-induced facial synkinesis following facial nerve paralysis

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Ma, Ming-San; van der Hoeven, Johannes H.; Nicolai, Jean-Philippe A.; Meek, Marcel F.

    Facial synkinesis (or synkinesia) (FS) occurs frequently after paresis or paralysis of the facial nerve and is in most cases due to aberrant regeneration of (branches of) the facial nerve. Patients suffer from inappropriate and involuntary synchronous facial muscle contractions. Here we describe two

  13. [Facial palsy].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cavoy, R

    2013-09-01

    Facial palsy is a daily challenge for the clinicians. Determining whether facial nerve palsy is peripheral or central is a key step in the diagnosis. Central nervous lesions can give facial palsy which may be easily differentiated from peripheral palsy. The next question is the peripheral facial paralysis idiopathic or symptomatic. A good knowledge of anatomy of facial nerve is helpful. A structure approach is given to identify additional features that distinguish symptomatic facial palsy from idiopathic one. The main cause of peripheral facial palsies is idiopathic one, or Bell's palsy, which remains a diagnosis of exclusion. The most common cause of symptomatic peripheral facial palsy is Ramsay-Hunt syndrome. Early identification of symptomatic facial palsy is important because of often worst outcome and different management. The prognosis of Bell's palsy is on the whole favorable and is improved with a prompt tapering course of prednisone. In Ramsay-Hunt syndrome, an antiviral therapy is added along with prednisone. We also discussed of current treatment recommendations. We will review short and long term complications of peripheral facial palsy.

  14. Sound-induced facial synkinesis following facial nerve paralysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ma, Ming-San; van der Hoeven, Johannes H; Nicolai, Jean-Philippe A; Meek, Marcel F

    2009-08-01

    Facial synkinesis (or synkinesia) (FS) occurs frequently after paresis or paralysis of the facial nerve and is in most cases due to aberrant regeneration of (branches of) the facial nerve. Patients suffer from inappropriate and involuntary synchronous facial muscle contractions. Here we describe two cases of sound-induced facial synkinesis (SFS) after facial nerve injury. As far as we know, this phenomenon has not been described in the English literature before. Patient A presented with right hemifacial palsy after lesion of the facial nerve due to skull base fracture. He reported involuntary muscle activity at the right corner of the mouth, specifically on hearing ringing keys. Patient B suffered from left hemifacial palsy following otitis media and developed involuntary muscle contraction in the facial musculature specifically on hearing clapping hands or a trumpet sound. Both patients were evaluated by means of video, audio and EMG analysis. Possible mechanisms in the pathophysiology of SFS are postulated and therapeutic options are discussed.

  15. Facial dynamics and emotional expressions in facial aging treatments.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Michaud, Thierry; Gassia, Véronique; Belhaouari, Lakhdar

    2015-03-01

    Facial expressions convey emotions that form the foundation of interpersonal relationships, and many of these emotions promote and regulate our social linkages. Hence, the facial aging symptomatological analysis and the treatment plan must of necessity include knowledge of the facial dynamics and the emotional expressions of the face. This approach aims to more closely meet patients' expectations of natural-looking results, by correcting age-related negative expressions while observing the emotional language of the face. This article will successively describe patients' expectations, the role of facial expressions in relational dynamics, the relationship between facial structures and facial expressions, and the way facial aging mimics negative expressions. Eventually, therapeutic implications for facial aging treatment will be addressed. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  16. Multiracial Facial Golden Ratio and Evaluation of Facial Appearance.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mohammad Khursheed Alam

    Full Text Available This study aimed to investigate the association of facial proportion and its relation to the golden ratio with the evaluation of facial appearance among Malaysian population. This was a cross-sectional study with 286 randomly selected from Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM Health Campus students (150 females and 136 males; 100 Malaysian Chinese, 100 Malaysian Malay and 86 Malaysian Indian, with the mean age of 21.54 ± 1.56 (Age range, 18-25. Facial indices obtained from direct facial measurements were used for the classification of facial shape into short, ideal and long. A validated structured questionnaire was used to assess subjects' evaluation of their own facial appearance. The mean facial indices of Malaysian Indian (MI, Malaysian Chinese (MC and Malaysian Malay (MM were 1.59 ± 0.19, 1.57 ± 0.25 and 1.54 ± 0.23 respectively. Only MC showed significant sexual dimorphism in facial index (P = 0.047; P<0.05 but no significant difference was found between races. Out of the 286 subjects, 49 (17.1% were of ideal facial shape, 156 (54.5% short and 81 (28.3% long. The facial evaluation questionnaire showed that MC had the lowest satisfaction with mean score of 2.18 ± 0.97 for overall impression and 2.15 ± 1.04 for facial parts, compared to MM and MI, with mean score of 1.80 ± 0.97 and 1.64 ± 0.74 respectively for overall impression; 1.75 ± 0.95 and 1.70 ± 0.83 respectively for facial parts.1 Only 17.1% of Malaysian facial proportion conformed to the golden ratio, with majority of the population having short face (54.5%; 2 Facial index did not depend significantly on races; 3 Significant sexual dimorphism was shown among Malaysian Chinese; 4 All three races are generally satisfied with their own facial appearance; 5 No significant association was found between golden ratio and facial evaluation score among Malaysian population.

  17. Multiracial Facial Golden Ratio and Evaluation of Facial Appearance.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alam, Mohammad Khursheed; Mohd Noor, Nor Farid; Basri, Rehana; Yew, Tan Fo; Wen, Tay Hui

    2015-01-01

    This study aimed to investigate the association of facial proportion and its relation to the golden ratio with the evaluation of facial appearance among Malaysian population. This was a cross-sectional study with 286 randomly selected from Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) Health Campus students (150 females and 136 males; 100 Malaysian Chinese, 100 Malaysian Malay and 86 Malaysian Indian), with the mean age of 21.54 ± 1.56 (Age range, 18-25). Facial indices obtained from direct facial measurements were used for the classification of facial shape into short, ideal and long. A validated structured questionnaire was used to assess subjects' evaluation of their own facial appearance. The mean facial indices of Malaysian Indian (MI), Malaysian Chinese (MC) and Malaysian Malay (MM) were 1.59 ± 0.19, 1.57 ± 0.25 and 1.54 ± 0.23 respectively. Only MC showed significant sexual dimorphism in facial index (P = 0.047; Pmean score of 2.18 ± 0.97 for overall impression and 2.15 ± 1.04 for facial parts, compared to MM and MI, with mean score of 1.80 ± 0.97 and 1.64 ± 0.74 respectively for overall impression; 1.75 ± 0.95 and 1.70 ± 0.83 respectively for facial parts. 1) Only 17.1% of Malaysian facial proportion conformed to the golden ratio, with majority of the population having short face (54.5%); 2) Facial index did not depend significantly on races; 3) Significant sexual dimorphism was shown among Malaysian Chinese; 4) All three races are generally satisfied with their own facial appearance; 5) No significant association was found between golden ratio and facial evaluation score among Malaysian population.

  18. Traumatic facial nerve neuroma with facial palsy presenting in infancy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Clark, James H; Burger, Peter C; Boahene, Derek Kofi; Niparko, John K

    2010-07-01

    To describe the management of traumatic neuroma of the facial nerve in a child and literature review. Sixteen-month-old male subject. Radiological imaging and surgery. Facial nerve function. The patient presented at 16 months with a right facial palsy and was found to have a right facial nerve traumatic neuroma. A transmastoid, middle fossa resection of the right facial nerve lesion was undertaken with a successful facial nerve-to-hypoglossal nerve anastomosis. The facial palsy improved postoperatively. A traumatic neuroma should be considered in an infant who presents with facial palsy, even in the absence of an obvious history of trauma. The treatment of such lesion is complex in any age group but especially in young children. Symptoms, age, lesion size, growth rate, and facial nerve function determine the appropriate management.

  19. Relleno facial con ácido hialurónico: técnica de pilares y malla de sustentación. Principios básicos para obtener una remodelación facial Facial filling with hyaloronic acid: pillars technique and supporting mesh. Basic principles to obtain a facial remodelling

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    P.J. Erazo

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available Presentamos dos técnicas de relleno facial utilizando ácido hialurónico y los resultados obtenidos con este método desarrollado por nosotros en base a los principios físicos de sustentación, para optimizar y racionalizar el material de relleno y mejorar los resultados, especialmente la relación costo-beneficio. Hacemos también una presentación general de los principios básicos para conseguir remodelar el tejido cutáneo empleando técnicas de relleno facial. Señalamos la importancia de la evaluación clínica para llegar a un buen diagnóstico, haciendo hincapié en los límites de selección del paciente y enumeramos los puntos importantes y éticos en el uso de materiales de relleno.We present two techniques of facial injectable resorbable filling, using hyaluronic acid (HA, and the different results obtained with both methods, based on physical principles of sustentation, intending to demonstrate how theese techniques can optimize and rationalize the use of the filling substance, contributing to enhance the results and cost-benefit relation. We also make a general presentation of the basic principles that remodel the cutaneous tissue using facial filling methods, as well as the importance of the clinical evaluation to achieve a fine diagnostic, emphasizing the limits when selecting the patient, listing the important and ethical points related to the use of facial filling procedures.

  20. Tipologia facial aplicada à Fonoaudiologia: revisão de literatura Facial types applied to Speech-Language Pathology: literature review

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rossana Ribeiro Ramires

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available A face humana, com suas estruturas ósseas e musculares, apresenta características próprias e peculiares. Pode ser classificada em três tipos básicos, os quais têm relação com a variação do formato e da configuração craniofacial, tanto no sentido vertical como no horizontal e influenciam diretamente a oclusão dentária, harmonia facial, musculatura orofacial e funções estomatognáticas. Por essa razão, diagnosticar o tipo facial é importante para a clínica fonoaudiólogica. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão de literatura relacionada às características dos tipos faciais e apresentar as pesquisas e os estudos mais recentes sobre o tema. Para atingir tal meta, fez-se um levantamento bibliográfico nas bases de dados LILACS, SciELO, Web of Science e Google Acadêmico, além de livros, dissertações e teses sobre o assunto dos últimos dez anos. Várias pesquisas em campo comprovaram algumas características dos tipos faciais encontradas, principalmente, em referências mais antigas. Alguns aspectos, porém, foram controversos ao se comparar os tipos faciais como a atividade eletromiográfica do músculo masseter, modo respiratório e o comprimento do lábio superior e do filtro. Pôde-se constatar que conhecer o tipo facial e correlacioná-lo às funções estomatognáticas, musculatura e oclusão é um fator importante para a prática clínica, mas o profissional deve ser flexível ao comparar as características do paciente com a literatura. Dessa forma, pode-se evitar determinar uma anormalidade ou atipia quando não for o caso, e ocorrer apenas uma variabilidade ou adaptação.The human face, with its bone and muscular structures, present singular and peculiar characteristics. It may be classified in three basic types, which are related with shape variation and craniofacial configuration, both vertically and horizontally, influencing directly the dental occlusion, facial harmony, orofacial muscles and

  1. Utilización de polialcamida en cirugía reconstructiva y estética facial Use of polyalkylimide in facial reconstructive and cosmetic surgery

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. Cuesta Gil

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Objetivos. Presentar nuestra experiencia en el manejo y aplicación de biomateriales no reabsorbibles (poliaquilamida en pacientes con defectos faciales de diversa etiología. Material y métodos. Empleamos poliaquilamida (Bio-Alcamid® en un total de catorce pacientes. Cuatro pacientes presentaban distintos grados de lipodistrofia facial secundaria a tratamientos antiretrovirales. Otros cuatro, consultaron porque deseaban mejorar el aspecto de su perfil labial. Tres pacientes habían sido sometidos con anterioridad a exéresis oncológicas, y otros dos mostraban defectos faciales derivados de traumatismos. Finalmente, un paciente presentaba un defecto nasal, secuela de una rinoplastia previa. Resultados. Todos los pacientes mostraron un índice muy elevado de satisfacción. No se registraron complicaciones graves. Queremos señalar la estabilidad y durabilidad del implante. Conclusiones. La seguridad y sencillez de esta técnica asociada al alto grado de satisfacción manifestado por los pacientes, animan al empleo de estas sustancias en la corrección de defectos faciales de diversa etiología.Objectives. To report our experience with the management and application of nonresorbible biomaterials (polyalkylimide in patients with facial defects of diverse origin. Material and methods. Polyalkylimide (Bio-Alcamid® was used in fourteen patients. Four patients had different grades of facial lipodystrophy secondary to antiretroviral treatment. Four patients sought to improve their labial profile. Three patients had previously undergone oncological excision and two had traumatic facial defects. Finally, one patient had a nasal defect due to rhinoplasty. Results. All patients were very satisfied. No serious complications occurred. Implants were stable and durable. Conclusions. The safety and simplicity of this technique, and the high degree of patient satisfaction, encourage the use of these substances to correct facial defects of diverse etiology.

  2. The role of great auricular-facial nerve neurorrhaphy in facial nerve damage.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sun, Yan; Liu, Limei; Han, Yuechen; Xu, Lei; Zhang, Daogong; Wang, Haibo

    2015-01-01

    Facial nerve is easy to be damaged, and there are many reconstructive methods for facial nerve reconstructive, such as facial nerve end to end anastomosis, the great auricular nerve graft, the sural nerve graft, or hypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis. However, there is still little study about great auricular-facial nerve neurorrhaphy. The aim of the present study was to identify the role of great auricular-facial nerve neurorrhaphy and the mechanism. Rat models of facial nerve cut (FC), facial nerve end to end anastomosis (FF), facial-great auricular neurorrhaphy (FG), and control (Ctrl) were established. Apex nasi amesiality observation, electrophysiology and immunofluorescence assays were employed to investigate the function and mechanism. In apex nasi amesiality observation, it was found apex nasi amesiality of FG group was partly recovered. Additionally, electrophysiology and immunofluorescence assays revealed that facial-great auricular neurorrhaphy could transfer nerve impulse and express AChR which was better than facial nerve cut and worse than facial nerve end to end anastomosis. The present study indicated that great auricular-facial nerve neurorrhaphy is a substantial solution for facial lesion repair, as it is efficiently preventing facial muscles atrophy by generating neurotransmitter like ACh.

  3. Diente más afectado por la celulitis facial de origen odontogénico en niños venezolanos

    OpenAIRE

    Gabriel Zambrano; Rosa Rondón; María Elena Guerra

    2016-01-01

    Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de celulitis facial de origen odontogénica e identifi el diente más afectado en niños con diagnóstico de celulitis facial hospitalizados en el Servicio de Infectología Pediátrica del Hospital Universitario de Caracas en el periodo 20062014. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio documental, descriptivo y retrospectivo en niños entre 1-6 años de edad hospitalizados con diagnóstico de celulitis facial odontogénica en el Servicio de Infectología Pediátric...

  4. MRI of the facial nerve in idiopathic facial palsy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Saatci, I.; Sahintuerk, F.; Sennaroglu, L.; Boyvat, F.; Guersel, B.; Besim, A.

    1996-01-01

    The purpose of this prospective study was to define the enhancement pattern of the facial nerve in idiopathic facial paralysis (Bell's palsy) on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with routine doses of gadolinium-DTPA (0.1 mmol/kg). Using 0.5 T imager, 24 patients were examined with a mean interval time of 13.7 days between the onset of symptoms and the MR examination. Contralateral asymptomatic facial nerves constituted the control group and five of the normal facial nerves (20.8%) showed enhancement confined to the geniculate ganglion. Hence, contrast enhancement limited to the geniculate ganglion in the abnormal facial nerve (3 of 24) was referred to a equivocal. Not encountered in any of the normal facial nerves, enhancement of other segments alone or associated with geniculate ganglion enhancement was considered to be abnormal and noted in 70.8% of the symptomatic facial nerves. The most frequently enhancing segments were the geniculate ganglion and the distal intracanalicular segment. (orig.)

  5. MRI of the facial nerve in idiopathic facial palsy

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Saatci, I. [Dept. of Radiology, Hacettepe Univ., Hospital Sihhiye, Ankara (Turkey); Sahintuerk, F. [Dept. of Radiology, Hacettepe Univ., Hospital Sihhiye, Ankara (Turkey); Sennaroglu, L. [Dept. of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hacettepe Univ., Hospital Sihhiye, Ankara (Turkey); Boyvat, F. [Dept. of Radiology, Hacettepe Univ., Hospital Sihhiye, Ankara (Turkey); Guersel, B. [Dept. of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hacettepe Univ., Hospital Sihhiye, Ankara (Turkey); Besim, A. [Dept. of Radiology, Hacettepe Univ., Hospital Sihhiye, Ankara (Turkey)

    1996-10-01

    The purpose of this prospective study was to define the enhancement pattern of the facial nerve in idiopathic facial paralysis (Bell`s palsy) on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with routine doses of gadolinium-DTPA (0.1 mmol/kg). Using 0.5 T imager, 24 patients were examined with a mean interval time of 13.7 days between the onset of symptoms and the MR examination. Contralateral asymptomatic facial nerves constituted the control group and five of the normal facial nerves (20.8%) showed enhancement confined to the geniculate ganglion. Hence, contrast enhancement limited to the geniculate ganglion in the abnormal facial nerve (3 of 24) was referred to a equivocal. Not encountered in any of the normal facial nerves, enhancement of other segments alone or associated with geniculate ganglion enhancement was considered to be abnormal and noted in 70.8% of the symptomatic facial nerves. The most frequently enhancing segments were the geniculate ganglion and the distal intracanalicular segment. (orig.)

  6. Facial paralysis

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... otherwise healthy, facial paralysis is often due to Bell palsy . This is a condition in which the facial ... speech, or occupational therapist. If facial paralysis from Bell palsy lasts for more than 6 to 12 months, ...

  7. Facial Sports Injuries

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Marketplace Find an ENT Doctor Near You Facial Sports Injuries Facial Sports Injuries Patient Health Information News ... should receive immediate medical attention. Prevention Of Facial Sports Injuries The best way to treat facial sports ...

  8. Facial Cosmetic Surgery

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... to find out more. Facial Cosmetic Surgery Facial Cosmetic Surgery Extensive education and training in surgical procedures ... to find out more. Facial Cosmetic Surgery Facial Cosmetic Surgery Extensive education and training in surgical procedures ...

  9. Effect of a Facial Muscle Exercise Device on Facial Rejuvenation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hwang, Ui-Jae; Kwon, Oh-Yun; Jung, Sung-Hoon; Ahn, Sun-Hee; Gwak, Gyeong-Tae

    2018-01-20

    The efficacy of facial muscle exercises (FMEs) for facial rejuvenation is controversial. In the majority of previous studies, nonquantitative assessment tools were used to assess the benefits of FMEs. This study examined the effectiveness of FMEs using a Pao (MTG, Nagoya, Japan) device to quantify facial rejuvenation. Fifty females were asked to perform FMEs using a Pao device for 30 seconds twice a day for 8 weeks. Facial muscle thickness and cross-sectional area were measured sonographically. Facial surface distance, surface area, and volumes were determined using a laser scanning system before and after FME. Facial muscle thickness, cross-sectional area, midfacial surface distances, jawline surface distance, and lower facial surface area and volume were compared bilaterally before and after FME using a paired Student t test. The cross-sectional areas of the zygomaticus major and digastric muscles increased significantly (right: P jawline surface distances (right: P = 0.004, left: P = 0.003) decreased significantly after FME using the Pao device. The lower facial surface areas (right: P = 0.005, left: P = 0.006) and volumes (right: P = 0.001, left: P = 0.002) were also significantly reduced after FME using the Pao device. FME using the Pao device can increase facial muscle thickness and cross-sectional area, thus contributing to facial rejuvenation. © 2018 The American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, Inc.

  10. Disección anatómica de la musculatura mímica facial: revisión iconográfica de apoyo a los tratamientos complementarios en rejuvenecimiento facial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C. Casado Sánchez

    Full Text Available A la hora de valorar las múltiples técnicas empleadas en el rejuvenecimiento facial y centrándonos de manera particular en aquellos procedimientos mínimamente invasivos complementarios a las intervenciones habituales en Cirugía Plástica-Estética, cobra especial relevancia el conocimiento exhaustivo de las estructuras musculares implicadas en la mímica facial. A tal efecto, se ha realizado un estudio anatómico en cadáveres frescos, en los que se han disecado las principales estructuras referidas. Se presenta un resumen iconográfico de los músculos faciales implicados, haciendo hincapié en su anatomía descriptiva y funcional, así como un recuerdo de las principales áreas problemáticas por alguna circunstancia especial (presencia de un nervio sensitivo o motor.

  11. Facial Fractures.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ricketts, Sophie; Gill, Hameet S; Fialkov, Jeffery A; Matic, Damir B; Antonyshyn, Oleh M

    2016-02-01

    After reading this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Demonstrate an understanding of some of the changes in aspects of facial fracture management. 2. Assess a patient presenting with facial fractures. 3. Understand indications and timing of surgery. 4. Recognize exposures of the craniomaxillofacial skeleton. 5. Identify methods for repair of typical facial fracture patterns. 6. Discuss the common complications seen with facial fractures. Restoration of the facial skeleton and associated soft tissues after trauma involves accurate clinical and radiologic assessment to effectively plan a management approach for these injuries. When surgical intervention is necessary, timing, exposure, sequencing, and execution of repair are all integral to achieving the best long-term outcomes for these patients.

  12. Percepção da administração tópica ocular de drogas: aplicador facial x gotas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Arlindo José Freire Portes

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Avaliar por meio de questionário, qual o grau de dificuldade para aplicação tópica de medicações oculares, com ou sem o auxílio do apoio facial. Observar qual método foi tecnicamente melhor utilizado para aplicação de drogas tópicas oculares. MÉTODOS: O estudo foi um ensaio clínico controlado e randomizado, realizado em 50 pacientes no decorrer de 2009 e 2010 na Unidade de Saúde da Família - Lapa. Foi utilizado um frasco de colírio Oftane® e o mesmo foi acoplado ao dispositivo de apoio facial. Cada participante aplicou em cada um dos olhos, a solução com ou sem o uso do dispositivo, sendo que a seleção foi feita através de um processo randomizado. Foi perguntado ao paciente questões pré-formuladas sobre a praticidade de ambos os métodos. RESULTADOS: Considerando o grau de dificuldade de administração tópica ocular: 12% acharam difícil ou muito difícil a aplicação com o objeto de apoio facial e 22% sem o apoio (p=0,0024. As dificuldades descritas pelos pacientes foram relatadas por 22 % dos pacientes para aplicação com o dispositivo de apoio facial e por 46% para aplicação sem o mesmo. Já 34% dos pacientes necessitaram de mais de uma instilação para aplicação do colírio sem o apoio, enquanto que 54% dos pacientes precisaram de mais de uma aplicação para que a gota atingisse o olho com o auxílio do apoio facial (p= 0,04. Em 56% dos pacientes houve toque da ponta do colírio com os tecidos oculares, quando o objeto de apoio facial não foi usado, porém quando ele foi utilizado, apenas 2% dos pacientes observados tocaram os tecidos oculares (p=0,0001. CONCLUSÃO: É mais fácil a instilação de colírios com o auxílio do dispositivo de apoio facial. Este também dificulta o contato da ponta do frasco com os tecidos oculares, prevenindo a contaminação do frasco.

  13. The Prevalence of Cosmetic Facial Plastic Procedures among Facial Plastic Surgeons.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Moayer, Roxana; Sand, Jordan P; Han, Albert; Nabili, Vishad; Keller, Gregory S

    2018-04-01

    This is the first study to report on the prevalence of cosmetic facial plastic surgery use among facial plastic surgeons. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency with which facial plastic surgeons have cosmetic procedures themselves. A secondary aim is to determine whether trends in usage of cosmetic facial procedures among facial plastic surgeons are similar to that of nonsurgeons. The study design was an anonymous, five-question, Internet survey distributed via email set in a single academic institution. Board-certified members of the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (AAFPRS) were included in this study. Self-reported history of cosmetic facial plastic surgery or minimally invasive procedures were recorded. The survey also queried participants for demographic data. A total of 216 members of the AAFPRS responded to the questionnaire. Ninety percent of respondents were male ( n  = 192) and 10.3% were female ( n  = 22). Thirty-three percent of respondents were aged 31 to 40 years ( n  = 70), 25% were aged 41 to 50 years ( n  = 53), 21.4% were aged 51 to 60 years ( n  = 46), and 20.5% were older than 60 years ( n  = 44). Thirty-six percent of respondents had a surgical cosmetic facial procedure and 75% has at least one minimally invasive cosmetic facial procedure. Facial plastic surgeons are frequent users of cosmetic facial plastic surgery. This finding may be due to access, knowledge base, values, or attitudes. By better understanding surgeon attitudes toward facial plastic surgery, we can improve communication with patients and delivery of care. This study is a first step in understanding use of facial plastic procedures among facial plastic surgeons. Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

  14. La retroalimentación facial y su efecto en la evaluación de publicidad de humor

    OpenAIRE

    Rojas Restrepo, Sylvana

    2016-01-01

    La hipótesis de retroalimentación facial planteada por Tomkins en 1962 sustenta que la activación de algunos músculos faciales envía información sensorial al cerebro y se induce entonces una experiencia emocional en el sujeto. Partiendo de dicha teoría y de investigaciones que la sustentan, el presente estudio se propuso confirmar el efecto de la emoción inducida a través de la retroalimentación facial sobre la evaluación de cinco tipos de humor en publicidad. Para ello se realizó un exp...

  15. Reproducibility of the dynamics of facial expressions in unilateral facial palsy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alagha, M A; Ju, X; Morley, S; Ayoub, A

    2018-02-01

    The aim of this study was to assess the reproducibility of non-verbal facial expressions in unilateral facial paralysis using dynamic four-dimensional (4D) imaging. The Di4D system was used to record five facial expressions of 20 adult patients. The system captured 60 three-dimensional (3D) images per second; each facial expression took 3-4seconds which was recorded in real time. Thus a set of 180 3D facial images was generated for each expression. The procedure was repeated after 30min to assess the reproducibility of the expressions. A mathematical facial mesh consisting of thousands of quasi-point 'vertices' was conformed to the face in order to determine the morphological characteristics in a comprehensive manner. The vertices were tracked throughout the sequence of the 180 images. Five key 3D facial frames from each sequence of images were analyzed. Comparisons were made between the first and second capture of each facial expression to assess the reproducibility of facial movements. Corresponding images were aligned using partial Procrustes analysis, and the root mean square distance between them was calculated and analyzed statistically (paired Student t-test, PFacial expressions of lip purse, cheek puff, and raising of eyebrows were reproducible. Facial expressions of maximum smile and forceful eye closure were not reproducible. The limited coordination of various groups of facial muscles contributed to the lack of reproducibility of these facial expressions. 4D imaging is a useful clinical tool for the assessment of facial expressions. Copyright © 2017 International Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  16. POTENCIAL ANTIMICROBIANO DO ÓLEO DE COCO NO TRATAMENTO DE FERIDAS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lícia Caroline Tenório de Almeida

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Nuevos medios de control de infección en heridas aparecen en salud pública por implicaciones en la atención, desarrollo de tecnologías y produtos relacionados con curación y control de microorganismos. La innovación tecnológica en tratamiento de herida basada en plantas con propiedades antimicrobianas y curación con etnobotânico informes. Estudio experimental in vitro, desarrollado en Laboratorio de Investigación del Cuidado de Heridas, entre marzo y septiembre de 2011, que investigó el potencial antimicrobiano del extracto de aceite de coco para prevención de infección y tratamiento de heridas, con três extractos de coco alagoano (dos artesanales y uno industrializado contra 14 microorganismos, para verificar la actividad antimicrobiana. Los extractos señalaron actividad frente a Staphylococcus aureus, sin embargo, para Staphylococcus epidermidis y Enterobacter cloacae sólo aceites artesanales. Hay necesidad de probar los extractos para purificación e identificación de sustancias inhibidoras de microorganismos, así como estudios in vivo en heridas utilizando modelo animal.

  17. The influence of different facial components on facial aesthetics.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Faure, J.C.; Rieffe, C.; Maltha, J.C.

    2002-01-01

    Facial aesthetics have an important influence on social behaviour and perception in our society. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of facial symmetry and inter-ocular distance on the assessment of facial aesthetics, factors that are often suggested as major contributors to

  18. Avaliação do envelhecimento facial relacionado ao tabagismo

    OpenAIRE

    Suehara,Letícia Yumi; Simone,Karine; Maia,Marcus

    2006-01-01

    FUNDAMENTOS: O tabagismo é responsável por diversas doenças crônicas e pelo envelhecimento da pele. OBJETIVO: Comparar a pele facial de fumantes e não fumantes. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 77 pacientes, 43 não tabagistas e 34 tabagistas, entre 40 e 60 anos, excluídos aqueles com exposição solar excessiva, etilistas e submetidos a tratamento estético da face. As alterações faciais foram avaliadas com base em escore de características da pele da face descrita por Model (fácies de tabagismo). Os in...

  19. Atuação da fonoaudiologia na estética facial: relato de caso clínico Speech therapy performance ih the facial aesthetics: case report

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carla Cristina Gonçalves dos Santos

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available TEMA: estética facial. PROCEDIMENTOS: por meio de anamnese e avaliação clínica, aplicou-se um protocolo de tratamento com manipulação funcional dos músculos mastigatórios faciais acompanhados de exercícios isométricos num total de 8 sessões semanais, durante 2 meses, sendo fotografados antes e após o tratamento. O objetivo foi caracterizar as modificações faciais do ponto de vista qualitativo avaliadas clinicamente após tratamento Fonoaudiológico, num enfoque etiológico de caráter biomecânico. RESULTADOS: observou-se uma melhoria da simetria facial e funções relacionadas à biomecânica mandibular. CONCLUSÃO: sugere-se a importância da atuação fonoaudiológica no restabelecimento facial e funcional da motricidade oral com repercussões na diminuição das rugas, marcas de expressão e flacidez.BACKGROUND: aesthetics PROCEDURES: by means of a questionnaire and clinical evaluation, we applied a treatment protocol with functional manipulation of the masticatory muscles accompanied by facial isometric exercises for a total of 8 weekly sessions during 2 months, and we photographed before and after treatment. This study aimed at featuring four facial changes in terms of quality, as assessed after treatment, under an etiological and biomechanical character focus. RESULTS: there was an improvement in facial symmetry and functions related to mandibular biomechanics. CONCLUSION: we suggest the importance of speech-language intervention in restoring facial and functional oral motor that influence the reduction of wrinkles, expression marks and flaccidity.

  20. Efecto de un suplemento nutricional específico (Balnimax® en la cicatrización de úlceras de la extremidad inferior de etiología venosa y úlceras por presión

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Verdú Soriano

    Full Text Available Objetivo: evaluar un suplemento nutricional específico, Balnimax® (ácido alfa-lipoico, L-arginina, L-metionina, complejo de vitamina B, vitamina E y selenio junto con la práctica clínica diaria en la cicatrización de las úlceras por presión y úlceras de etiología venosa. Material y método: se llevó a cabo un estudio multicéntrico, prospectivo, de medidas repetidas en un solo grupo y postautorización en pacientes con úlceras por presión y úlceras de etiología venosa sin signos clínicos de infección local, que fueron tratados durante 8 semanas. Las medidas se registraron al inicio y en las semanas 2, 4, 6 y 8. Los pacientes recibieron una cápsula oral dos veces al día, con las comidas. La medida de resultado principal fue el porcentaje de reducción en el tamaño de la herida. Además, se estudió la cicatrización completa. El tamaño de la muestra se determinó para comparar los resultados frente a un valor de referencia. Se requería un total de 127 pacientes para detectar una diferencia igual o superior al 15% en la reducción del área. Se asumió como porcentaje de reducción de referencia un 57%. Además, se estimó un 10% de pérdidas en el seguimiento. Resultados: Se incluyeron y finalizaron el estudio 112 pacientes con 133 heridas (un 16,0% tuvieron dos o más lesiones, con una media de edad de 74,2 ± 12,0 (mediana: 77, extremos: 35-94. Un 69,8% eran mujeres, la mayoría pacientes ambulatorios (98,4%. En un 9% se utilizaron moduladores de las proteasas y solo en un 27,2% se aplicó un vendaje compresivo multicapa. Un total de 58 (43,6% úlceras cicatrizaron durante el periodo del estudio. La evolución del tamaño de la herida y su porcentaje de reducción fueron estadísticamente significativos (p ≤ 0,001, disminuyendo a lo largo del tiempo. Hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los resultados del estudio y el valor de referencia (p ≤ 0,001. Conclusiones: a pesar de las posibles limitaciones

  1. Perdas auditivas em paralisia facial periférica após cirurgia de descompressão Hearing loss in peripheral facial palsy after decompression surgery

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    Alexandre Augusto Kroskinsque Palombo

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available A paralisia facial pode resultar de uma variedade de etiologias, sendo a mais comum a idiopática. A avaliação e o tratamento são particularmente complexos. O tratamento da paralisia facial aguda pode envolver cirurgia de descompressão do nervo facial. Qualquer estrutura perto do trajeto do nervo facial está em risco durante a cirurgia de descompressão via transmastoidea. OBJETIVO: Estudo retrospectivo que irá avaliar a perda auditiva após descompressão via transmastoidea e a evolução do grau de paralisia nos casos idiopáticos dos últimos 15 anos. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foram selecionados prontuários de 33 pacientes submetidos à descompressão do nervo facial via transmastoidea nos últimos 15 anos e avaliou-se a perda auditiva e a paralisia facial. RESULTADOS: Observou-se alta porcentagem (61% dos pacientes com algum grau de perda auditiva após o procedimento e, em todos os casos, houve melhora da paralisia. CONCLUSÃO: O procedimento cirúrgico não é isento de riscos. Indicações, riscos e benefícios devem ser esclarecidos aos pacientes por meio de consentimento informado.Facial paralysis can result from a variety of etiologies; the most common is the idiopathic type. Evaluation and treatment are particularly complex. The treatment of acute facial paralysis may require facial nerve decompression surgery. Any structure near the path of the facial nerve is at risk during transmastoid decompression surgery. AIM: This is a retrospective study, carried out in order to evaluate hearing loss after transmastoid decompression and how idiopathic cases evolved in terms of their degree of paralysis in the last 15 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We selected the charts from 33 patients submitted to transmastoid facial nerve decompression in the past 15 years and we assessed their hearing loss and facial paralysis. RESULTS: There was a high percentage (61% of patients with some degree of hearing loss after the procedure and in all cases there

  2. The role of great auricular-facial nerve neurorrhaphy in facial nerve damage

    OpenAIRE

    Sun, Yan; Liu, Limei; Han, Yuechen; Xu, Lei; Zhang, Daogong; Wang, Haibo

    2015-01-01

    Background: Facial nerve is easy to be damaged, and there are many reconstructive methods for facial nerve reconstructive, such as facial nerve end to end anastomosis, the great auricular nerve graft, the sural nerve graft, or hypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis. However, there is still little study about great auricular-facial nerve neurorrhaphy. The aim of the present study was to identify the role of great auricular-facial nerve neurorrhaphy and the mechanism. Methods: Rat models of facia...

  3. Facial soft tissue analysis among various vertical facial patterns

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jeelani, W.; Fida, M.; Shaikh, A.

    2016-01-01

    Background: The emergence of soft tissue paradigm in orthodontics has made various soft tissue parameters an integral part of the orthodontic problem list. The purpose of this study was to determine and compare various facial soft tissue parameters on lateral cephalograms among patients with short, average and long facial patterns. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on the lateral cephalograms of 180 adult subjects divided into three equal groups, i.e., short, average and long face according to the vertical facial pattern. Incisal display at rest, nose height, upper and lower lip lengths, degree of lip procumbency and the nasolabial angle were measured for each individual. The gender differences for these soft tissue parameters were determined using Mann-Whitney U test while the comparison among different facial patterns was performed using Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Significant differences in the incisal display at rest, total nasal height, lip procumbency, the nasolabial angle and the upper and lower lip lengths were found among the three vertical facial patterns. A significant positive correlation of nose and lip dimensions was found with the underlying skeletal pattern. Similarly, the incisal display at rest, upper and lower lip procumbency and the nasolabial angle were significantly correlated with the lower anterior facial height. Conclusion: Short facial pattern is associated with minimal incisal display, recumbent upper and lower lips and acute nasolabial angle while the long facial pattern is associated with excessive incisal display, procumbent upper and lower lips and obtuse nasolabial angle. (author)

  4. Dynamic Facial Prosthetics for Sufferers of Facial Paralysis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fergal Coulter

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available BackgroundThis paper discusses the various methods and the materialsfor the fabrication of active artificial facial muscles. Theprimary use for these will be the reanimation of paralysedor atrophied muscles in sufferers of non-recoverableunilateral facial paralysis.MethodThe prosthetic solution described in this paper is based onsensing muscle motion of the contralateral healthy musclesand replicating that motion across a patient’s paralysed sideof the face, via solid state and thin film actuators. Thedevelopment of this facial prosthetic device focused onrecreating a varying intensity smile, with emphasis ontiming, displacement and the appearance of the wrinklesand folds that commonly appear around the nose and eyesduring the expression.An animatronic face was constructed with actuations beingmade to a silicone representation musculature, usingmultiple shape-memory alloy cascades. Alongside theartificial muscle physical prototype, a facial expressionrecognition software system was constructed. This formsthe basis of an automated calibration and reconfigurationsystem for the artificial muscles following implantation, soas to suit the implantee’s unique physiognomy.ResultsAn animatronic model face with silicone musculature wasdesigned and built to evaluate the performance of ShapeMemory Alloy artificial muscles, their power controlcircuitry and software control systems. A dual facial motionsensing system was designed to allow real time control overmodel – a piezoresistive flex sensor to measure physicalmotion, and a computer vision system to evaluate real toartificial muscle performance.Analysis of various facial expressions in real subjects wasmade, which give useful data upon which to base thesystems parameter limits.ConclusionThe system performed well, and the various strengths andshortcomings of the materials and methods are reviewedand considered for the next research phase, when newpolymer based artificial muscles are constructed

  5. Facial Fractures.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ghosh, Rajarshi; Gopalkrishnan, Kulandaswamy

    2018-06-01

    The aim of this study is to retrospectively analyze the incidence of facial fractures along with age, gender predilection, etiology, commonest site, associated dental injuries, and any complications of patients operated in Craniofacial Unit of SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital. This retrospective study was conducted at the Department of OMFS, SDM College of Dental Sciences, Dharwad from January 2003 to December 2013. Data were recorded for the cause of injury, age and gender distribution, frequency and type of injury, localization and frequency of soft tissue injuries, dentoalveolar trauma, facial bone fractures, complications, concomitant injuries, and different treatment protocols.All the data were analyzed using statistical analysis that is chi-squared test. A total of 1146 patients reported at our unit with facial fractures during these 10 years. Males accounted for a higher frequency of facial fractures (88.8%). Mandible was the commonest bone to be fractured among all the facial bones (71.2%). Maxillary central incisors were the most common teeth to be injured (33.8%) and avulsion was the most common type of injury (44.6%). Commonest postoperative complication was plate infection (11%) leading to plate removal. Other injuries associated with facial fractures were rib fractures, head injuries, upper and lower limb fractures, etc., among these rib fractures were seen most frequently (21.6%). This study was performed to compare the different etiologic factors leading to diverse facial fracture patterns. By statistical analysis of this record the authors come to know about the relationship of facial fractures with gender, age, associated comorbidities, etc.

  6. Adolescents with HIV and facial lipoatrophy: response to facial stimulation

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    Jesus Claudio Gabana-Silveira

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the effects of facial stimulation over the superficial muscles of the face in individuals with facial lipoatrophy associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV and with no indication for treatment with polymethyl methacrylate. METHOD: The study sample comprised four adolescents of both genders ranging from 13 to 17 years in age. To participate in the study, the participants had to score six or less points on the Facial Lipoatrophy Index. The facial stimulation program used in our study consisted of 12 weekly 30-minute sessions during which individuals received therapy. The therapy consisted of intra- and extra-oral muscle contraction and stretching maneuvers of the zygomaticus major and minor and the masseter muscles. Pre- and post-treatment results were obtained using anthropometric static measurements of the face and the Facial Lipoatrophy Index. RESULTS: The results suggest that the therapeutic program effectively improved the volume of the buccinators. No significant differences were observed for the measurements of the medial portion of the face, the lateral portion of the face, the volume of the masseter muscle, or Facial Lipoatrophy Index scores. CONCLUSION: The results of our study suggest that facial maneuvers applied to the superficial muscles of the face of adolescents with facial lipoatrophy associated with HIV improved the facial area volume related to the buccinators muscles. We believe that our results will encourage future research with HIV patients, especially for patients who do not have the possibility of receiving an alternative aesthetic treatment.

  7. Sustitutos cutáneos desarrollados por ingeniería de tejidos = Skin substitutes developed by tissue engineering

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    Arenas Gómez, Claudia Marcela

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available La piel es un tejido complejo vulnerable a procesos que alteran su estructura, integridad y funcionalidad como, por ejemplo, quemaduras, heridas crónicas y diversas enfermedades congénitas. Los avances tecnológicos en la fabricación de biomateriales y en el cultivo de células han permitido la producción de sustitutos cutáneos que han sido una alternativa terapéutica para algunas de estas complicaciones. Esta revisión pretende actualizar los aspectos generales, composición, perspectivas futuras y de aplicación de los principales sustitutos cutáneos que se ofrecen actualmente en el mercado internacional. Igualmente, presentará algunas experiencias del Grupo de Ingeniería de Tejidos y Terapias Celulares (GITTC de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Antioquia.

  8. A facial marker in facial wasting rehabilitation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rauso, Raffaele; Tartaro, Gianpaolo; Freda, Nicola; Rusciani, Antonio; Curinga, Giuseppe

    2012-02-01

    Facial lipoatrophy is one of the most distressing manifestation for HIV patients. It can be stigmatizing, severely affecting quality of life and self-esteem, and it may result in reduced antiretroviral adherence. Several filling techniques have been proposed in facial wasting restoration, with different outcomes. The aim of this study is to present a triangular area that is useful to fill in facial wasting rehabilitation. Twenty-eight HIV patients rehabilitated for facial wasting were enrolled in this study. Sixteen were rehabilitated with a non-resorbable filler and twelve with structural fat graft harvested from lipohypertrophied areas. A photographic pre-operative and post-operative evaluation was performed by the patients and by two plastic surgeons who were "blinded." The filled area, in both patients rehabilitated with structural fat grafts or non-resorbable filler, was a triangular area of depression identified between the nasolabial fold, the malar arch, and the line that connects these two anatomical landmarks. The cosmetic result was evaluated after three months after the last filling procedure in the non-resorbable filler group and after three months post-surgery in the structural fat graft group. The mean patient satisfaction score was 8.7 as assessed with a visual analogue scale. The mean score for blinded evaluators was 7.6. In this study the authors describe a triangular area of the face, between the nasolabial fold, the malar arch, and the line that connects these two anatomical landmarks, where a good aesthetic facial restoration in HIV patients with facial wasting may be achieved regardless of which filling technique is used.

  9. LASERTERAPIA EM ÚLCERAS POR PRESSÃO: LIMITAÇÕES PARA AVALIAÇÃO DE RESPOSTA EM PESSOAS COM LESÃO MEDULAR

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    Gisela Maria Assis

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available La terapia con láser es efectiva para acelerar la recuperación de las heridas, pero carece de pruebas para su uso en úlceras por presión y para el tratamiento en personas con lesiones de la médula espinal en la atención ambulatoria. El objetivo del estudio fue describir las limitaciones de la aplicación de un programa de terapia con láser en el tratamiento de úlceras por presión, subsidiando una reflexión sobre los abordajes de esta. Es una investigación exploratoria y descriptiva. Seis sujetos con lesión medular de dos centros de rehabilitación, fueron acompañados por dos visitas semanales durante ocho semanas, recibiendo la irradiación láser en una lesión. Las principales limitaciones se relacionaron con las dificultades para seguir la guía de push-up y la asistencia a las consultas. Se cree que estas limitaciones están relacionadas con defectos en el proceso de orientación respecto a la prevención de estas lesiones y el cambio en la sensibilidad local.

  10. Paralisis de Bell: Parálisis Facial Idiopática

    OpenAIRE

    González H, José María

    2001-01-01

    La Parálisis de Bell, es una enfermedad benigna de la porción infratemporal del nervio facial, que consiste en la pérdida temporal de la función contráctil de la musculatura mímica de la cara, de causa desconocida, pero puede ser secundaria a un traumatismo, compresión o tumor. Este es un proceso autolimitante que no amenaza la vida del paciente y generalmente desaparece en un plazo de 1 a 3 semanas. Su rango de incidencia es de 23 por cada 100.000 personas por año. Esta alteración no tiene d...

  11. [Facial nerve neurinomas].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sokołowski, Jacek; Bartoszewicz, Robert; Morawski, Krzysztof; Jamróz, Barbara; Niemczyk, Kazimierz

    2013-01-01

    Evaluation of diagnostic, surgical technique, treatment results facial nerve neurinomas and its comparison with literature was the main purpose of this study. Seven cases of patients (2005-2011) with facial nerve schwannomas were included to retrospective analysis in the Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Warsaw. All patients were assessed with history of the disease, physical examination, hearing tests, computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging, electronystagmography. Cases were observed in the direction of potential complications and recurrences. Neurinoma of the facial nerve occurred in the vertical segment (n=2), facial nerve geniculum (n=1) and the internal auditory canal (n=4). The symptoms observed in patients were analyzed: facial nerve paresis (n=3), hearing loss (n=2), dizziness (n=1). Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography allowed to confirm the presence of the tumor and to assess its staging. Schwannoma of the facial nerve has been surgically removed using the middle fossa approach (n=5) and by antromastoidectomy (n=2). Anatomical continuity of the facial nerve was achieved in 3 cases. In the twelve months after surgery, facial nerve paresis was rated at level II-III° HB. There was no recurrence of the tumor in radiological observation. Facial nerve neurinoma is a rare tumor. Currently surgical techniques allow in most cases, the radical removing of the lesion and reconstruction of the VII nerve function. The rate of recurrence is low. A tumor of the facial nerve should be considered in the differential diagnosis of nerve VII paresis. Copyright © 2013 Polish Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Society. Published by Elsevier Urban & Partner Sp. z.o.o. All rights reserved.

  12. Contralateral botulinum toxin injection to improve facial asymmetry after acute facial paralysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Jin

    2013-02-01

    The application of botulinum toxin to the healthy side of the face in patients with long-standing facial paralysis has been shown to be a minimally invasive technique that improves facial symmetry at rest and during facial motion, but our experience using botulinum toxin therapy for facial sequelae prompted the idea that botulinum toxin might be useful in acute cases of facial paralysis, leading to improve facial asymmetry. In cases in which medical or surgical treatment options are limited because of existing medical problems or advanced age, most patients with acute facial palsy are advised to await spontaneous recovery or are informed that no effective intervention exists. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of botulinum toxin treatment for facial asymmetry in 18 patients after acute facial palsy who could not be optimally treated by medical or surgical management because of severe medical or other problems. From 2009 to 2011, nine patients with Bell's palsy, 5 with herpes zoster oticus and 4 with traumatic facial palsy (10 men and 8 women; age range, 22-82 yr; mean, 50.8 yr) participated in this study. Botulinum toxin A (Botox; Allergan Incorporated, Irvine, CA, USA) was injected using a tuberculin syringe with a 27-gauge needle. The amount injected per site varied from 2.5 to 3 U, and the total dose used per patient was 32 to 68 U (mean, 47.5 +/- 8.4 U). After administration of a single dose of botulinum toxin A on the nonparalyzed side of 18 patients with acute facial paralysis, marked relief of facial asymmetry was observed in 8 patients within 1 month of injection. Decreased facial asymmetry and strengthened facial function on the paralyzed side led to an increased HB and SB grade within 6 months after injection. Use of botulinum toxin after acute facial palsy cases is of great value. Such therapy decreases the relative hyperkinesis contralateral to the paralysis, leading to greater symmetric function. Especially in patients with medical

  13. Facial paralysis and vestibular syndrome in feedlot cattle in Argentina Paralisia facial e síndrome vestibular de bovinos em confinamento

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ernesto Odriozola

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available This paper reports 6 outbreaks of neurological disease associated with paralysis of the facial and vestibulocochlear nerves caused by intracranial space occupying lesions in feedlot cattle. The clinical signs observed were characterized by head tilt, uni or bilateral drooping and paralysis of the ears, eyelid ptosis, keratoconjunctivitis, and different degrees of ataxia. Morbidity and mortality rates ranged from 1.1 to 50% and 0 to 1%, respectively. Gross lesions observed included yellow, thickened leptomeninges, and marked enlargement of the roots of cranial nerves VII (facial and VIII (vestibulocochlear. Histopathologically, there was severe, chronic, granulomatous meningitis and, in one case, chronic, granulomatous neuritis of the VII and VIII cranial nerves. Attempts to identify bacterial, viral, or parasitic agents were unsuccessful. Based on the morphologic lesions, the clinical condition was diagnosed as facial paralysis and vestibular syndrome associated with space occupying lesions in the meninges and the cranial nerves VII and VIII. Feedlot is a practice of growing diffusion in our country and this is a first report of outbreaks of facial paralysis and vestibular disease associated with space occupying lesions in Argentina.Descrevem-se 6 surtos de uma doença neurológica com paralisia dos nervos facial e vestibulo-coclear causada por lesões intracraniais que ocupam espaço em bovinos em confinamento. Os sinais clínicos foram desvio da cabeça, queda e paralisia das orelhas, ptose palpebral, ceratoconjuntivite e diferentes graus de ataxia. As taxas de morbidade e mortalidade foram de 1.1%-50% e de 0-1%, respectivamente. As lesões macroscópicas incluíram engrossamento das meninges, que se apresentavam amareladas, e marcado engrossamento das raízes dos nervos cranianos VII (facial e VIII (vestíbulo-coclear. Histologicamente observaram-se meningite crônica granulomatosa e, em um caso, neurite granulomatosa crônica do VII e VIII

  14. Quemaduras faciales: “manejo inicial y tratamiento”

    OpenAIRE

    Álvaro Cuadra, C.; José Luis Piñeros, B.; Ricardo Roa, G.

    2010-01-01

    Las quemaduras faciales constituyen un grupo dentro de las quemaduras consideradas como en zona especial dada las potenciales secuelas estéticas y funcionales que pueden resultar de su tratamiento, por este motivo, un adecuado manejo reducirá estos riesgos. La cara posee una rica irrigación de tal forma que el manejo deberá ser más conservador que en otras zonas del cuerpo. Las quemaduras superficiales requieren de un tratamiento basado en ungüentos antibióticos y cobertura con apósitos sinté...

  15. Redes neuronales de expresión facial

    OpenAIRE

    Gordillo, F.; Mestas, Lilia; Castillo Parra, Gabriela; Pérez, M.A.; López, R. M.; Arana, José M.

    2017-01-01

    Introducción. La percepción de caras involucra una amplia red de conexiones entre regiones corticales y subcorticales que intercambian y sincronizan información a través de haces de sustancia blanca. Este preciso sistema de comunicación puede verse afectado tanto a través de las propias estructuras como por las vías que las conectan. Objetivos. Delimitar el sustrato neuronal que subyace a la percepción de la expresión facial y analizar los diferentes factores que participan modulando l...

  16. Quantitative facial asymmetry: using three-dimensional photogrammetry to measure baseline facial surface symmetry.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Taylor, Helena O; Morrison, Clinton S; Linden, Olivia; Phillips, Benjamin; Chang, Johnny; Byrne, Margaret E; Sullivan, Stephen R; Forrest, Christopher R

    2014-01-01

    Although symmetry is hailed as a fundamental goal of aesthetic and reconstructive surgery, our tools for measuring this outcome have been limited and subjective. With the advent of three-dimensional photogrammetry, surface geometry can be captured, manipulated, and measured quantitatively. Until now, few normative data existed with regard to facial surface symmetry. Here, we present a method for reproducibly calculating overall facial symmetry and present normative data on 100 subjects. We enrolled 100 volunteers who underwent three-dimensional photogrammetry of their faces in repose. We collected demographic data on age, sex, and race and subjectively scored facial symmetry. We calculated the root mean square deviation (RMSD) between the native and reflected faces, reflecting about a plane of maximum symmetry. We analyzed the interobserver reliability of the subjective assessment of facial asymmetry and the quantitative measurements and compared the subjective and objective values. We also classified areas of greatest asymmetry as localized to the upper, middle, or lower facial thirds. This cluster of normative data was compared with a group of patients with subtle but increasing amounts of facial asymmetry. We imaged 100 subjects by three-dimensional photogrammetry. There was a poor interobserver correlation between subjective assessments of asymmetry (r = 0.56). There was a high interobserver reliability for quantitative measurements of facial symmetry RMSD calculations (r = 0.91-0.95). The mean RMSD for this normative population was found to be 0.80 ± 0.24 mm. Areas of greatest asymmetry were distributed as follows: 10% upper facial third, 49% central facial third, and 41% lower facial third. Precise measurement permitted discrimination of subtle facial asymmetry within this normative group and distinguished norms from patients with subtle facial asymmetry, with placement of RMSDs along an asymmetry ruler. Facial surface symmetry, which is poorly assessed

  17. Diplopia após injeção de toxina botulínica tipo A para rejuvenescimento facial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Márcia Melo de Oliveira Rassi

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Relato de 4 casos de pacientes encaminhadas ao serviço de Ortóptica deste Hospital, que apresentaram diplopia após a injeção de toxina botulínica tipo A para rejuvenescimento facial. Nas medidas de ângulo do estrabismo em posições diagnósticas todas apresentaram microestrabismo paralítico, sendo duas por déficit da função do músculo oblíquo inferior e duas por déficit de função de músculo reto lateral. Baseados nos casos descritos, aconselha-se aos profissionais que fazem uso desta toxina para fins de rejuvenescimento facial que estejam atentos para a diplopia como efeito colateral.

  18. Asians' Facial Responsiveness to Basic Tastes by Automated Facial Expression Analysis System.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhi, Ruicong; Cao, Lianyu; Cao, Gang

    2017-03-01

    Growing evidence shows that consumer choices in real life are mostly driven by unconscious mechanisms rather than conscious. The unconscious process could be measured by behavioral measurements. This study aims to apply automatic facial expression analysis technique for consumers' emotion representation, and explore the relationships between sensory perception and facial responses. Basic taste solutions (sourness, sweetness, bitterness, umami, and saltiness) with 6 levels plus water were used, which could cover most of the tastes found in food and drink. The other contribution of this study is to analyze the characteristics of facial expressions and correlation between facial expressions and perceptive hedonic liking for Asian consumers. Up until now, the facial expression application researches only reported for western consumers, while few related researches investigated the facial responses during food consuming for Asian consumers. Experimental results indicated that facial expressions could identify different stimuli with various concentrations and different hedonic levels. The perceived liking increased at lower concentrations and decreased at higher concentrations, while samples with medium concentrations were perceived as the most pleasant except sweetness and bitterness. High correlations were founded between perceived intensities of bitterness, umami, saltiness, and facial reactions of disgust and fear. Facial expression disgust and anger could characterize emotion "dislike," and happiness could characterize emotion "like," while neutral could represent "neither like nor dislike." The identified facial expressions agree with the perceived sensory emotions elicited by basic taste solutions. The correlation analysis between hedonic levels and facial expression intensities obtained in this study are in accordance with that discussed for western consumers. © 2017 Institute of Food Technologists®.

  19. Facial exercises for facial rejuvenation: a control group study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    De Vos, Marie-Camille; Van den Brande, Helen; Boone, Barbara; Van Borsel, John

    2013-01-01

    Facial exercises are a noninvasive alternative to medical approaches to facial rejuvenation. Logopedists could be involved in providing these exercises. Little research has been conducted, however, on the effectiveness of exercises for facial rejuvenation. This study assessed the effectiveness of 4 exercises purportedly reducing wrinkles and sagging of the facial skin. A control group study was conducted with 18 participants, 9 of whom (the experimental group) underwent daily training for 7 weeks. Pictures taken before and after 7 weeks of 5 facial areas (forehead, nasolabial folds, area above the upper lip, jawline and area under the chin) were evaluated by a panel of laypersons. In addition, the participants of the experimental group evaluated their own pictures. Evaluation included the pairwise presentation of pictures before and after 7 weeks and scoring of the same pictures by means of visual analogue scales in a random presentation. Only one significant difference was found between the control and experimental group. In the experimental group, the picture after therapy of the upper lip was more frequently chosen to be the younger-looking one by the panel. It cannot be concluded that facial exercises are effective. More systematic research is needed. © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel.

  20. Facial trauma.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Peeters, N; Lemkens, P; Leach, R; Gemels B; Schepers, S; Lemmens, W

    Facial trauma. Patients with facial trauma must be assessed in a systematic way so as to avoid missing any injury. Severe and disfiguring facial injuries can be distracting. However, clinicians must first focus on the basics of trauma care, following the Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) system of care. Maxillofacial trauma occurs in a significant number of severely injured patients. Life- and sight-threatening injuries must be excluded during the primary and secondary surveys. Special attention must be paid to sight-threatening injuries in stabilized patients through early referral to an appropriate specialist or the early initiation of emergency care treatment. The gold standard for the radiographic evaluation of facial injuries is computed tomography (CT) imaging. Nasal fractures are the most frequent isolated facial fractures. Isolated nasal fractures are principally diagnosed through history and clinical examination. Closed reduction is the most frequently performed treatment for isolated nasal fractures, with a fractured nasal septum as a predictor of failure. Ear, nose and throat surgeons, maxillofacial surgeons and ophthalmologists must all develop an adequate treatment plan for patients with complex maxillofacial trauma.

  1. An analysis of facial nerve function in irradiated and unirradiated facial nerve grafts

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Brown, Paul D.; Eshleman, Jeffrey S.; Foote, Robert L.; Strome, Scott E.

    2000-01-01

    Purpose: The effect of high-dose radiation therapy on facial nerve grafts is controversial. Some authors believe radiotherapy is so detrimental to the outcome of facial nerve graft function that dynamic or static slings should be performed instead of facial nerve grafts in all patients who are to receive postoperative radiation therapy. Unfortunately, the facial function achieved with dynamic and static slings is almost always inferior to that after facial nerve grafts. In this retrospective study, we compared facial nerve function in irradiated and unirradiated nerve grafts. Methods and Materials: The medical records of 818 patients with neoplasms involving the parotid gland who received treatment between 1974 and 1997 were reviewed, of whom 66 underwent facial nerve grafting. Fourteen patients who died or had a recurrence less than a year after their facial nerve graft were excluded. The median follow-up for the remaining 52 patients was 10.6 years. Cable nerve grafts were performed in 50 patients and direct anastomoses of the facial nerve in two. Facial nerve function was scored by means of the House-Brackmann (H-B) facial grading system. Twenty-eight of the 52 patients received postoperative radiotherapy. The median time from nerve grafting to start of radiotherapy was 5.1 weeks. The median and mean doses of radiation were 6000 and 6033 cGy, respectively, for the irradiated grafts. One patient received preoperative radiotherapy to a total dose of 5000 cGy in 25 fractions and underwent surgery 1 month after the completion of radiotherapy. This patient was placed, by convention, in the irradiated facial nerve graft cohort. Results: Potential prognostic factors for facial nerve function such as age, gender, extent of surgery at the time of nerve grafting, preoperative facial nerve palsy, duration of preoperative palsy if present, or number of previous operations in the parotid bed were relatively well balanced between irradiated and unirradiated patients. However

  2. UTILIZATION OF THE THERAPY PHYSICAL IN HORSES WITH FACIAL PARALYSIS Trabajo del Fisioterapia en Cabalos con parálisis de la cara Emprego da Fisioterapia em Eqüinos com Paralisia Facial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luís Antônio Franco SILVA

    2008-07-01

    de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Goiás, com sinais clínicos dessa lesão. O outro é de um cavalo de carroça atendido no Jóquei Clube de Goiás (Hipódromo da Lagoinha, de aproximadamente 10 anos de idade, debilitado e com habronemose na face. Trata-se de animais que receberam tratamento fisioterapêutico, por meio de cinesioterapia e eletroestimulação, por sessenta dias, cujos resultados foram satisfatórios, verificando-se melhora do tônus muscular labial à esquerda, realinhamento da narina esquerda, discreta ptose no lábio inferior, normalização do ato de se alimentar e melhora da estética facial. A fisioterapia constituiu-se assim, num método terapêutico eficaz no tratamento de afecções do nervo facial, como compressão, contribuindo para o retorno da função muscular e bem-estar dos animais tratados.

     

    Palavras-chaveS: Animal, cinesioterapia, eletroestimulação, neurologia, reabilitação.

  3. Implicaciones en el crecimiento y desarrollo cráneo-facial por ausencia del hueso hioides

    OpenAIRE

    TORRE M., HILDA; MENCHACA F., PEDRO N.; FLORES LEAL, VIELMINA; MERCADO HERNÁNDEZ, ROBERTO

    2004-01-01

    Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, experimental, en ratas Sprague-Dawley, observando el crecimiento y desarrollo cráneo-facial ante la ausencia del hueso hioides. Los resultados mostraron: apertura oral, posterorrotación mandibular, aumento en la longitud de los procesos alveolares, así como una tendencia al aumento en el crecimiento mandibular.

  4. Quemaduras faciales: “manejo inicial y tratamiento”

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    Dr. C. Álvaro Cuadra

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Las quemaduras faciales constituyen un grupo dentro de las quemaduras consideradas como en zona especial dada las potenciales secuelas estéticas y funcionales que pueden resultar de su tratamiento, por este motivo, un adecuado manejo reducirá estos riesgos. La cara posee una rica irrigación de tal forma que el manejo deberá ser más conservador que en otras zonas del cuerpo. Las quemaduras superficiales requieren de un tratamiento basado en ungüentos antibióticos y cobertura con apósitos sintéticos transitorios en espera de epidermización. En quemaduras faciales profundas el tratamiento consistirá en escarectomía química y quirúrgica una vez definida la quemadura y su posterior cobertura con tejido autólogo o sustitutos dérmicos definitivos respetando las unidades estético-funcionales de la cara. Este grupo de quemadura luego de la primera atención deberá ser derivada a un centro de quemados para su manejo integral.

  5. Facial Expression Recognition

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Pantic, Maja; Li, S.; Jain, A.

    2009-01-01

    Facial expression recognition is a process performed by humans or computers, which consists of: 1. Locating faces in the scene (e.g., in an image; this step is also referred to as face detection), 2. Extracting facial features from the detected face region (e.g., detecting the shape of facial

  6. Efectividad de la terapia de presión negativa en las úlceras de pie diabético. Revisión crítica de la literatura

    OpenAIRE

    Liñeira García, Tamara

    2016-01-01

    El aumento de la esperanza de vida en el último siglo ha generado una población envejecida con problemas de salud crónicos, en ocasiones difíciles de tratar. Entre los problemas de salud crónicos destacan las heridas crónicas, concretamente las úlceras de pie diabético, que suponen un importante problema de salud tanto para las personas que las padecen como para los sistemas sanitarios. Este tipo de heridas crónicas se caracterizan por su difícil manejo con terapias convencionales que en o...

  7. Propuesta de un protocolo de electro-estimulación para el tratamiento de úlceras por presión grado II y III

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    Paola Andrea Quiroga Santamaría

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available Antecedentes. El uso de estimulación eléctrica como terapia ayudante para la curación de heridas se remonta al año 1700. No obstante, a pesar de los avances científicos del siglo XX solo se conocen estudios experimentales hacia la década de los 70, cuando se inicia un proceso investigativo con el fin de conocer a mayor profundidad las propiedades eléctricas de la piel y el efecto que tiene la estimulación eléctrica en las reacciones fisiológicas de las células epidérmicas para aumentar y favorecer la curación de heridas. Objetivo. Proponer un protocolo de electro-estimulación para el tratamiento de úlceras por presión grados II y III, con base en la mejor evidencia reportada. Materiales y métodos. Búsqueda de artículos en diferentes bases de datos utilizando los títulos de términos médicos (Medical Subjects Headings MESH, con la utilización de los vocablos “Wound Healing”, “Pressure Ulcer” y el sub encabezado “Electrophysiology” y “Electrical Stimulation”. Resultados. Después de realizar el análisis de la información se presenta la fundamentación de los parámetros que contiene la propuesta del protocolo (tipo de corriente, forma de onda, intensidad, campo eléctrico, frecuencia; se sustenta el cambio de polaridad, ubicación de electrodos y tiempo de tratamiento. Conclusión. Ante la heterogeneidad de parámetros en la aplicación de electro-estimulación en el proceso de cicatrización de úlceras por presión, se propone desde la evidencia, un protocolo de electro-estimulación fundamentado en los procesos biológicos, eléctricos y mecánicos de la piel.

  8. Slowing down Presentation of Facial Movements and Vocal Sounds Enhances Facial Expression Recognition and Induces Facial-Vocal Imitation in Children with Autism

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tardif, Carole; Laine, France; Rodriguez, Melissa; Gepner, Bruno

    2007-01-01

    This study examined the effects of slowing down presentation of facial expressions and their corresponding vocal sounds on facial expression recognition and facial and/or vocal imitation in children with autism. Twelve autistic children and twenty-four normal control children were presented with emotional and non-emotional facial expressions on…

  9. Facial anatomy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Marur, Tania; Tuna, Yakup; Demirci, Selman

    2014-01-01

    Dermatologic problems of the face affect both function and aesthetics, which are based on complex anatomical features. Treating dermatologic problems while preserving the aesthetics and functions of the face requires knowledge of normal anatomy. When performing successfully invasive procedures of the face, it is essential to understand its underlying topographic anatomy. This chapter presents the anatomy of the facial musculature and neurovascular structures in a systematic way with some clinically important aspects. We describe the attachments of the mimetic and masticatory muscles and emphasize their functions and nerve supply. We highlight clinically relevant facial topographic anatomy by explaining the course and location of the sensory and motor nerves of the face and facial vasculature with their relations. Additionally, this chapter reviews the recent nomenclature of the branching pattern of the facial artery. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  10. Diplegia facial traumatica Traumatic facial diplegia: a case report

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    J. Fortes-Rego

    1975-12-01

    Full Text Available É relatado um caso de paralisia facial bilateral, incompleta, associada a hipoacusia esquerda, após traumatismo cranioencefálico, com fraturas evidenciadas radiológicamente. Algumas considerações são formuladas tentando relacionar ditas manifestações com fraturas do osso temporal.A case of traumatic facial diplegia with left partial loss of hearing following head injury is reported. X-rays showed fractures on the occipital and left temporal bones. A review of traumatic facial paralysis is made.

  11. Regeneração pós-traumática do nervo facial em coelhos Posttraumatic facial nerve regeneration in rabbits

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Heloisa Juliana Zabeu Rossi Costa

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available A paralisia facial periférica traumática constitui-se em afecção freqüente. OBJETIVO: estudo da regeneração pós-traumática do nervo facial em coelhos, por avaliação funcional histológica dos nervos traumatizados comparados aos normais contralaterais. METODOLOGIA: Vinte coelhos foram submetidos à compressão do tronco do nervo facial esquerdo e sacrificados após duas (grupo AL, quatro (BL e seis (CL semanas da lesão. A comparação entre os grupos foi feita pelas densidades total e parcial de axônios mielinizados. ESTUDO ESTATÍSTICO: método de Tukey (p Posttraumatic facial paralysis is a frequent disease. This work studies posttraumatic regeneration of the facial nerve in rabbits. Functional and histological analysis compared injured and normal nerves on opposite sides. The left facial nerve trunk of twenty rabbits were subjectedto compression lesion, and sacrificed after two (subgroup AL, four (BL and six (CL weeks. Comparison between groups was made by analysing total and partial densities of myelinated axons. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Tukey Method (p<0.05. RESULTS:There was partial functional recovery after two weeks, and complete recovery after five weeks. Qualitative analysis demonstrated a degenerative pattern in the AL group, with an increased tissue inflammatory process. Evident regeneration signs were observed in the BL group, and almost complete regeneration was seen in the CL group. Normal nerves (N had an average TD of 15705.59 and average PD of 21800.75. The BL group had an average TD of 10818.55 and an average PD of 15340.56. The CL group had an average TD of 13920.36 and an average PD of 16589.15. The BL group had an average TD of N equal to 68.88%, and the CL group had an average TD of N equal to 88,63% (statistically significant. N showed a significant higher PD than injured nerves. However, this was not statistically different between BL and CL subgroups. Nerve DT was a more reliable method than PD in this study.

  12. [Peripheral facial nerve lesion induced long-term dendritic retraction in pyramidal cortico-facial neurons].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Urrego, Diana; Múnera, Alejandro; Troncoso, Julieta

    2011-01-01

    Little evidence is available concerning the morphological modifications of motor cortex neurons associated with peripheral nerve injuries, and the consequences of those injuries on post lesion functional recovery. Dendritic branching of cortico-facial neurons was characterized with respect to the effects of irreversible facial nerve injury. Twenty-four adult male rats were distributed into four groups: sham (no lesion surgery), and dendritic assessment at 1, 3 and 5 weeks post surgery. Eighteen lesion animals underwent surgical transection of the mandibular and buccal branches of the facial nerve. Dendritic branching was examined by contralateral primary motor cortex slices stained with the Golgi-Cox technique. Layer V pyramidal (cortico-facial) neurons from sham and injured animals were reconstructed and their dendritic branching was compared using Sholl analysis. Animals with facial nerve lesions displayed persistent vibrissal paralysis throughout the five week observation period. Compared with control animal neurons, cortico-facial pyramidal neurons of surgically injured animals displayed shrinkage of their dendritic branches at statistically significant levels. This shrinkage persisted for at least five weeks after facial nerve injury. Irreversible facial motoneuron axonal damage induced persistent dendritic arborization shrinkage in contralateral cortico-facial neurons. This morphological reorganization may be the physiological basis of functional sequelae observed in peripheral facial palsy patients.

  13. Control de movimiento robótico con detección cognitiva y facial mediante Emotiv EEG

    OpenAIRE

    Monge Lay, Sebastián; Aracena Pizarro, Diego

    2015-01-01

    Este trabajo presenta el desarrollo de una interfaz cerebro-computador utilizando el dispositivo Emotiv EEG, en donde se realizan reconocimientos de gestos faciales y pensamientos cognitivos, los que serán traducidos en movimientos que serán ejecutados por un robot Lego Mindstorms, con la idea de verificar si realmente Emotiv realiza un buen reconocimiento y puede ser utilizado para el movimiento de dispositivos. El trabajo es motivado por otras investigaciones realizadas, en donde se aplicar...

  14. Facial Pain Followed by Unilateral Facial Nerve Palsy: A Case Report with Literature Review

    OpenAIRE

    GV, Sowmya; BS, Manjunatha; Goel, Saurabh; Singh, Mohit Pal; Astekar, Madhusudan

    2014-01-01

    Peripheral facial nerve palsy is the commonest cranial nerve motor neuropathy. The causes range from cerebrovascular accident to iatrogenic damage, but there are few reports of facial nerve paralysis attributable to odontogenic infections. In majority of the cases, recovery of facial muscle function begins within first three weeks after onset. This article reports a unique case of 32-year-old male patient who developed facial pain followed by unilateral facial nerve paralysis due to odontogen...

  15. Experiencias con distrofia simpática refleja

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    John Jairo Hernández Castro

    1993-07-01

    Full Text Available Se presentan 30 pacientes con distrofia simpática refleja vistos en la Clínica del Dolor del Hospital San Juan de Dios de Santafé de Bogotá, entre enero de 1992 y julio de 1993. La mayoría de los enfermos son hombres entre los 20 y los 40 años. La causa de la entidad, en el 66.6% de los casos, es el trauma por proyectil de arma de fuego; los restantes fueron producidos per hernia discal lumbar, cirugía de hombro, operación cesárea, artroscopia de rodilla, herida cortante en mano, infarto del miocardio, ACV odusivo talámico, fractura de Colles, instrumentación de Luque y herida medular por arma cortante.

  16. Facial infiltrative lipomatosis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Haloi, A.K.; Ditchfield, M.; Pennington, A.; Philips, R.

    2006-01-01

    Although there are multiple case reports and small series concerning facial infiltrative lipomatosis, there is no composite radiological description of the condition. Radiological evaluation of facial infiltrative lipomatosis using plain film, sonography, CT and MRI. We radiologically evaluated four patients with facial infiltrative lipomatosis. Initial plain radiographs of the face were acquired in all patients. Three children had an initial sonographic examination to evaluate the condition, followed by MRI. One child had a CT and then MRI. One child had abnormalities on plain radiographs. Sonographically, the lesions were seen as ill-defined heterogeneously hypoechoic areas with indistinct margins. On CT images, the lesions did not have a homogeneous fat density but showed some relatively more dense areas in deeper parts of the lesions. MRI provided better delineation of the exact extent of the process and characterization of facial infiltrative lipomatosis. Facial infiltrative lipomatosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis of vascular or lymphatic malformation when a child presents with unilateral facial swelling. MRI is the most useful single imaging modality to evaluate the condition, as it provides the best delineation of the exact extent of the process. (orig.)

  17. Lesiones del nervio facial provocan alteraciones en las células microgliales en el sistema nervioso central

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    Jeimmy Cerón

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Introducción. El Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Comportamental de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia ha descrito modificaciones tanto estructurales como electrofisiológicas en neuronas piramidales de la corteza motora producidas por la lesión del nervio facial contralateral en ratas. Sin embargo, poco se conoce si dichos cambios neuronales también se acompañan de modificaciones en las células gliales circundantes. Objetivo. Caracterizar en ratas el efecto de la lesión unilateral del nervio facial sobre la activación y proliferación de células de la microglía en la corteza motora primaria contralateral. Materiales y métodos. Se realizaron experimentos de inmunohistoquímica para detectar células microgliales en tejido cerebral de ratas sometidas a lesión del nervio facial, sacrificadas a distintos tiempos luego de la misma. Se realizaron dos tipos de lesiones: reversible (por compresión, que permite recuperación de la función e irreversible (por corte, que provoca parálisis permanente. Los tejidos cerebrales de animales sin lesión (Control absoluto y con falsa cirugía (Sham se compararon con los de animales lesionados sacrificados a 1, 3, 7, 21 ó 35 días post-lesión. Resultados. Las células microgliales en la corteza motora de animales lesionados irreversiblemente mostraron signos de proliferación y activación desde los 3 hasta los 7 días post-lesión. La proliferación de las células microgliales en animales con lesión reversible fue significativa sólo a los 3 días post-lesión. Conclusiones. La lesión del nervio facial produce modificaciones en las células microgliales de la corteza motora primaria. Estas modificaciones podrían estar involucradas en la generación de los cambios morfológicos y electrofisiológicos descritos en las neuronas piramidales de la corteza motora que comandan los movimientos faciales.

  18. Experiencias en la aplicación de biomateriales en cirugía maxilofacial Experiencies in the application of biomaterials in maxillofacial surgery

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Orlando L. Rodríguez Calzadilla

    2006-04-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio prospectivo longitudinal para demostrar la efectividad del Apafill-G, HAP-2000 y Tisuacryl, biomateriales obtenidos en Cuba para el empleo de implantes óseos en lesiones osteolíticas maxilofaciales, como relleno de la cavidad ósea y en el cierre de heridas faciales y de la mucosa bucal originadas por trauma o tratamiento quirúrgico, con la finalidad de que estos sean de conocimiento y utilidad en las instituciones, servicios estomatológicos y sus especialidades. Un total de 389 pacientes fueron tratados quirúrgicamente. El biomaterial más usado fue el Tisuacryl, seguido por Apafill-G y HAP 2000. Los tratamientos quirúrgicos que predominaron fueron las extracciones múltiples, plastias auriculares, irregularidad ósea maxilar y mandibular, dientes retenidos y cirugía periapical. Los pacientes tratados quirúrgicamente evolucionaron de forma satisfactoria clínica y radiográficamente. Se concluyó que la aplicación de estos biomateriales producidos en Cuba en el cierre de heridas de los tejidos blandos y relleno de cavidades óseas, constituye una alternativa de tratamiento en cirugía bucal y maxilofacial; la hidroxiapatita cubana (Apafill-G y HAP-2000 utilizada en este estudio posee una alta biocompatibilidad y biofuncionabilidad, por lo que constituye un material implantológico ideal. No se reportaron reacciones adversas en los pacientes estudiados.A prospective longitudinal study was undertaken to prove the effectiveness of Apafill-G, HAP-2000 and Tisuacryl, biomaterials obtained in Cuba for bone implants in osteolytic maxillofacial lesions, as a filling of the osteal cavity and in the closure of facial wounds and of the oral mucosa originated by trauma or surgical treatment, and to made them known and useful in the institutions, dental services and its specialties. A total of 389 patients were surgically treated. The most used biomaterial was Tisuacryl, followed by Apafill-G and HAP 2000. The predominating

  19. Chondromyxoid fibroma of the mastoid facial nerve canal mimicking a facial nerve schwannoma.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Thompson, Andrew L; Bharatha, Aditya; Aviv, Richard I; Nedzelski, Julian; Chen, Joseph; Bilbao, Juan M; Wong, John; Saad, Reda; Symons, Sean P

    2009-07-01

    Chondromyxoid fibroma of the skull base is a rare entity. Involvement of the temporal bone is particularly rare. We present an unusual case of progressive facial nerve paralysis with imaging and clinical findings most suggestive of a facial nerve schwannoma. The lesion was tubular in appearance, expanded the mastoid facial nerve canal, protruded out of the stylomastoid foramen, and enhanced homogeneously. The only unusual imaging feature was minor calcification within the tumor. Surgery revealed an irregular, cystic lesion. Pathology diagnosed a chondromyxoid fibroma involving the mastoid portion of the facial nerve canal, destroying the facial nerve.

  20. Terapia de presión negativa como alternativa en el manejo de la infección en cirugía de columna

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    Alberto Aceves Pérez

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Describir las indicaciones y contraindicaciones de la terapia de cicatrización asistida por presión negativa. Se realiza una revisión de la bibliografía existente en las bases de datos de OVID, PubMed, Cochrane y Medigraphic en relación a la terapia de cicatrización asistida por presión negativa. Es un sistema de cicatrización no invasivo y activo que utiliza presión negativa localizada y controlada, que consta de un apósito especializado que incluye esponja reticulada que lleva a través de un tubo el exudado a un contenedor hermético. Este conjunto forma micro deformaciones en el lecho de la herida, que han demostrado ser causa importante de mayor migración fibroblástica y por consiguiente de tejido de mayor calidad, formación de tejido de granulación y angiogénesis. En relación con la infección, el principal enfoque del tratamiento es drenar todo el material purulento, quitar los desechos, el tejido desvitalizado, los cuerpos extraños y eliminar la etiología de la infección. Las indicaciones de la TPN son: heridas agudas, crónicas, por trauma, quemaduras, úlceras por diabetes o por decúbito y abdomen abierto y se contraindica en heridas con tejido necrótico, osteomielitis no tratada, fístulas no exploradas no entéricas y no se recomienda su colocación en áreas de malignidad. Este método es eficaz para el tratamiento de las infecciones post quirúrgicas profundas de la columna vertebral, utilizándose en promedio de 1 a 4 semanas.

  1. Avaliação da eficácia da pomada de própolis em portadores de feridas crônicas Evaluación de la eficacia de la pomada de própolis en portadores de heridas crónicas The effect of propolis cream in healing chronic ulcers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marinaldo José dos Santos

    2007-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a evolução de úlceras crônicas utilizando a terapêutica tópica com a própolis. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo onde foram identificadas vinte pessoas com feridas crônicas encaminhadas pelas Unidades Básicas de Saúde do Município de Maringá, Paraná. A análise baseou-se na avaliação e no tempo de cicatrização das feridas, realizada por meio do cálculo do Coeficiente de Correlação de Pearson para verificar a relação entre as medidas médias horizontais, verticais e de profundidades, a evolução do processo cicatricial. RESULTADOS: O acompanhamento de 22 úlceras crônicas permitiu observar por meio da análise estatística que a chance de cicatrização de todas as lesões foi de 13,1 semanas. Considerando um seguimento de 20 semanas 74,1% das úlceras lograram cicatrização antes desse período. Quanto à etiologia, as úlceras venosas cicatrizaram em 35% (7 dos pacientes, contrapondo-se às úlceras de pressão cuja cicatrização ocorreu em apenas 10,0% (2 dos pacientes. CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se, que a utilização da forma farmacêutica pomada de própolis, de fácil acesso e de baixo custo, foi eficiente na cicatrização de feridas.OBJETIVO: Evaluar la evolución de úlceras cronicas utilizando terapéutica tópica con pomada de própolis. MÉTODOS: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo en el cual fueron identificadas veinte personas con heridas crónicas encaminhadas por las Unidades Básicas de Salud del Municipio de Maringá, Paraná- Brasil. El análisis se basó en la evaluación y en el tiempo de cicatrización de las heridas, realizada por medio del cálculo del Coeficiente de Correlación de Pearson para verificar la relación entre las medias horizontales, verticales y de profundidad, o sea, la evolución del proceso de cicatrización. RESULTADOS: El acompañamiento de 22 úlceras crónicas permitió observar, a través del análisis estadístico, que la probabilidad de cicatrizaci

  2. Defectos congénitos faciales en pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Pediátrico “Mártires de Las Tunas”

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sara Elena Panizo Bruzón

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: desde épocas remotas hasta la actualidad, la forma en que las personas con defectos congénitos son tratadas por el resto de la sociedad han variado, reflejando el estilo de vida y la cultura de los diferentes pueblos. Aunque los defectos faciales no constituyen causa directa de muerte, sí provocan un impacto negativo, tanto en el medio familiar como en el contexto social. Objetivo: describir los defectos congénitos faciales más frecuentes en pacientes atendidos en la consulta de cirugía maxilofacial del Hospital Pediátrico Provincial “Mártires de Las Tunas”, durante el período desde septiembre de 2012 a diciembre de 2014. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal en los pacientes, lugar y período de tiempo antes declarado. La población de estudio estuvo constituida por los 54 pacientes que presentaron defectos faciales y permanecieron en el territorio durante el transcurso de la investigación. Las variables estudiadas fueron: sexo, color de la piel, lugar de procedencia, factores asociados y clasificación embriológica del defecto. Resultados: la fisura labio-palatina constituyó el defecto más frecuente, para un 61,1 %, predominando en el sexo masculino y en la raza blanca. En relación a los factores asociados los más frecuentes fueron la herencia, seguido de la herencia multifactorial. Las malformaciones aisladas resultaron las más diagnosticadas. Conclusiones: se describieron los defectos congénitos faciales en la población estudio y la epidemiología fue similar a la reportada por la literatura.

  3. Valoración estética del cambio del perfil facial tras tratamiento ortodóncico.

    OpenAIRE

    Ferrer Molina, Marcela

    2008-01-01

    RESUMEN Hoy en día somos capaces de percibir cambios a nivel facial que hace unos años no nos planteábamos. Esta capacidad podría proceder de la sensibilidad adquirida inconscientemente a lo largo de la vida, o de la formación asociada a la profesión y la recibida por medios de comunicación o modas. Objetivos: Averiguar: 1- cómo se valoran los cambios faciales relacionados con el tratamiento ortodóncico y la influencia del crecimiento y el sexo. 2- si hay diferencia entre la va...

  4. Retracción a largo plazo del árbol dendrítico de neuronas piramidales córtico-faciales por lesiones periféricas del nervio facial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Diana Urrego

    2011-06-01

    Esta reorganización morfológica cortical persistente podría ser el sustrato fisiopatológico de algunas de las secuelas funcionales que se observan en los pacientes con parálisis facial periférica.

  5. Development of the Korean Facial Emotion Stimuli: Korea University Facial Expression Collection 2nd Edition

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sun-Min Kim

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available Background: Developing valid emotional facial stimuli for specific ethnicities creates ample opportunities to investigate both the nature of emotional facial information processing in general and clinical populations as well as the underlying mechanisms of facial emotion processing within and across cultures. Given that most entries in emotional facial stimuli databases were developed with western samples, and given that very few of the eastern emotional facial stimuli sets were based strictly on the Ekman’s Facial Action Coding System, developing valid emotional facial stimuli of eastern samples remains a high priority.Aims: To develop and examine the psychometric properties of six basic emotional facial stimuli recruiting professional Korean actors and actresses based on the Ekman’s Facial Action Coding System for the Korea University Facial Expression Collection-Second Edition (KUFEC-II.Materials And Methods: Stimulus selection was done in two phases. First, researchers evaluated the clarity and intensity of each stimulus developed based on the Facial Action Coding System. Second, researchers selected a total of 399 stimuli from a total of 57 actors and actresses, which were then rated on accuracy, intensity, valence, and arousal by 75 independent raters.Conclusion: The hit rates between the targeted and rated expressions of the KUFEC-II were all above 80%, except for fear (50% and disgust (63%. The KUFEC-II appears to be a valid emotional facial stimuli database, providing the largest set of emotional facial stimuli. The mean intensity score was 5.63 (out of 7, suggesting that the stimuli delivered the targeted emotions with great intensity. All positive expressions were rated as having a high positive valence, whereas all negative expressions were rated as having a high negative valence. The KUFEC II is expected to be widely used in various psychological studies on emotional facial expression. KUFEC-II stimuli can be obtained through

  6. Caricaturing facial expressions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Calder, A J; Rowland, D; Young, A W; Nimmo-Smith, I; Keane, J; Perrett, D I

    2000-08-14

    The physical differences between facial expressions (e.g. fear) and a reference norm (e.g. a neutral expression) were altered to produce photographic-quality caricatures. In Experiment 1, participants rated caricatures of fear, happiness and sadness for their intensity of these three emotions; a second group of participants rated how 'face-like' the caricatures appeared. With increasing levels of exaggeration the caricatures were rated as more emotionally intense, but less 'face-like'. Experiment 2 demonstrated a similar relationship between emotional intensity and level of caricature for six different facial expressions. Experiments 3 and 4 compared intensity ratings of facial expression caricatures prepared relative to a selection of reference norms - a neutral expression, an average expression, or a different facial expression (e.g. anger caricatured relative to fear). Each norm produced a linear relationship between caricature and rated intensity of emotion; this finding is inconsistent with two-dimensional models of the perceptual representation of facial expression. An exemplar-based multidimensional model is proposed as an alternative account.

  7. Enhancing facial features by using clear facial features

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rofoo, Fanar Fareed Hanna

    2017-09-01

    The similarity of features between individuals of same ethnicity motivated the idea of this project. The idea of this project is to extract features of clear facial image and impose them on blurred facial image of same ethnic origin as an approach to enhance a blurred facial image. A database of clear images containing 30 individuals equally divided to five different ethnicities which were Arab, African, Chines, European and Indian. Software was built to perform pre-processing on images in order to align the features of clear and blurred images. And the idea was to extract features of clear facial image or template built from clear facial images using wavelet transformation to impose them on blurred image by using reverse wavelet. The results of this approach did not come well as all the features did not align together as in most cases the eyes were aligned but the nose or mouth were not aligned. Then we decided in the next approach to deal with features separately but in the result in some cases a blocky effect was present on features due to not having close matching features. In general the available small database did not help to achieve the goal results, because of the number of available individuals. The color information and features similarity could be more investigated to achieve better results by having larger database as well as improving the process of enhancement by the availability of closer matches in each ethnicity.

  8. Facial reanimation by muscle-nerve neurotization after facial nerve sacrifice. Case report.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Taupin, A; Labbé, D; Babin, E; Fromager, G

    2016-12-01

    Recovering a certain degree of mimicry after sacrifice of the facial nerve is a clinically recognized finding. The authors report a case of hemifacial reanimation suggesting a phenomenon of neurotization from muscle-to-nerve. A woman benefited from a parotidectomy with sacrifice of the left facial nerve indicated for recurrent tumor in the gland. The distal branches of the facial nerve, isolated at the time of resection, were buried in the masseter muscle underneath. The patient recovered a voluntary hémifacial motricity. The electromyographic analysis of the motor activity of the zygomaticus major before and after block of the masseter nerve showed a dependence between mimic muscles and the masseter muscle. Several hypotheses have been advanced to explain the spontaneous reanimation of facial paralysis. The clinical case makes it possible to argue in favor of muscle-to-nerve neurotization from masseter muscle to distal branches of the facial nerve. It illustrates the quality of motricity that can be obtained thanks to this procedure. The authors describe a simple implantation technique of distal branches of the facial nerve in the masseter muscle during a radical parotidectomy with facial nerve sacrifice and recovery of resting tone but also a quality voluntary mimicry. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

  9. Representing affective facial expressions for robots and embodied conversational agents by facial landmarks

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Liu, C.; Ham, J.R.C.; Postma, E.O.; Midden, C.J.H.; Joosten, B.; Goudbeek, M.

    2013-01-01

    Affective robots and embodied conversational agents require convincing facial expressions to make them socially acceptable. To be able to virtually generate facial expressions, we need to investigate the relationship between technology and human perception of affective and social signals. Facial

  10. Recurrent unilateral facial nerve palsy in a child with dehiscent facial nerve canal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Christopher Liu

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Objective: The dehiscent facial nerve canal has been well documented in histopathological studies of temporal bones as well as in clinical setting. We describe clinical and radiologic features of a child with recurrent facial nerve palsy and dehiscent facial nerve canal. Methods: Retrospective chart review. Results: A 5-year-old male was referred to the otolaryngology clinic for evaluation of recurrent acute otitis media and hearing loss. He also developed recurrent left peripheral FN palsy associated with episodes of bilateral acute otitis media. High resolution computed tomography of the temporal bones revealed incomplete bony coverage of the tympanic segment of the left facial nerve. Conclusions: Recurrent peripheral FN palsy may occur in children with recurrent acute otitis media in the presence of a dehiscent facial nerve canal. Facial nerve canal dehiscence should be considered in the differential diagnosis of children with recurrent peripheral FN palsy.

  11. Pediatric facial injuries: It's management

    OpenAIRE

    Singh, Geeta; Mohammad, Shadab; Pal, U. S.; Hariram,; Malkunje, Laxman R.; Singh, Nimisha

    2011-01-01

    Background: Facial injuries in children always present a challenge in respect of their diagnosis and management. Since these children are of a growing age every care should be taken so that later the overall growth pattern of the facial skeleton in these children is not jeopardized. Purpose: To access the most feasible method for the management of facial injuries in children without hampering the facial growth. Materials and Methods: Sixty child patients with facial trauma were selected rando...

  12. Facial Sports Injuries

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... the patient has HIV or hepatitis. Facial Fractures Sports injuries can cause potentially serious broken bones or fractures of the face. Common symptoms of facial fractures include: swelling and bruising, ...

  13. Outcome of a graduated minimally invasive facial reanimation in patients with facial paralysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Holtmann, Laura C; Eckstein, Anja; Stähr, Kerstin; Xing, Minzhi; Lang, Stephan; Mattheis, Stefan

    2017-08-01

    Peripheral paralysis of the facial nerve is the most frequent of all cranial nerve disorders. Despite advances in facial surgery, the functional and aesthetic reconstruction of a paralyzed face remains a challenge. Graduated minimally invasive facial reanimation is based on a modular principle. According to the patients' needs, precondition, and expectations, the following modules can be performed: temporalis muscle transposition and facelift, nasal valve suspension, endoscopic brow lift, and eyelid reconstruction. Applying a concept of a graduated minimally invasive facial reanimation may help minimize surgical trauma and reduce morbidity. Twenty patients underwent a graduated minimally invasive facial reanimation. A retrospective chart review was performed with a follow-up examination between 1 and 8 months after surgery. The FACEgram software was used to calculate pre- and postoperative eyelid closure, the level of brows, nasal, and philtral symmetry as well as oral commissure position at rest and oral commissure excursion with smile. As a patient-oriented outcome parameter, the Glasgow Benefit Inventory questionnaire was applied. There was a statistically significant improvement in the postoperative score of eyelid closure, brow asymmetry, nasal asymmetry, philtral asymmetry as well as oral commissure symmetry at rest (p facial nerve repair or microneurovascular tissue transfer cannot be applied, graduated minimally invasive facial reanimation is a promising option to restore facial function and symmetry at rest.

  14. Does Facial Amimia Impact the Recognition of Facial Emotions? An EMG Study in Parkinson’s Disease

    Science.gov (United States)

    Argaud, Soizic; Delplanque, Sylvain; Houvenaghel, Jean-François; Auffret, Manon; Duprez, Joan; Vérin, Marc; Grandjean, Didier; Sauleau, Paul

    2016-01-01

    According to embodied simulation theory, understanding other people’s emotions is fostered by facial mimicry. However, studies assessing the effect of facial mimicry on the recognition of emotion are still controversial. In Parkinson’s disease (PD), one of the most distinctive clinical features is facial amimia, a reduction in facial expressiveness, but patients also show emotional disturbances. The present study used the pathological model of PD to examine the role of facial mimicry on emotion recognition by investigating EMG responses in PD patients during a facial emotion recognition task (anger, joy, neutral). Our results evidenced a significant decrease in facial mimicry for joy in PD, essentially linked to the absence of reaction of the zygomaticus major and the orbicularis oculi muscles in response to happy avatars, whereas facial mimicry for expressions of anger was relatively preserved. We also confirmed that PD patients were less accurate in recognizing positive and neutral facial expressions and highlighted a beneficial effect of facial mimicry on the recognition of emotion. We thus provide additional arguments for embodied simulation theory suggesting that facial mimicry is a potential lever for therapeutic actions in PD even if it seems not to be necessarily required in recognizing emotion as such. PMID:27467393

  15. Sistemas de reconocimiento basados en la imagen facial

    OpenAIRE

    Arguello Fuentes, Henry

    2012-01-01

    Este artículo sintetiza las principales investigaciones que se están llevando a cabo en el área de los sistemas de reconocimiento a través de la imagen facial. Se realiza la descripción de las principales líneas de trabajo en los sistema de identificación de personas por medio de la imagen del rostro. Además, se realiza una síntesis de las últimas técnicas matemáticas para realizar la extracción de características dentro de estos sistemas de identificación.

  16. Achados fonoaudiológicos em pacientes submetidos a anastomose hipoglosso facial Phonoaudiological findings in patients submitted to hypoglossal-facial anastomosis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elisabete C. C. F. Silva

    2003-06-01

    Full Text Available A anastomose hipoglosso-facial (AHF tem sido realizada em pacientes com lesão dos segmentos mais proximais do nervo facial em que outros procedimentos cirúrgicos não foram possíveis ou não obtiveram êxito. OBJETIVO: O objetivo atual da pesquisa é verificar as alterações na mobilidade dos órgãos fonoarticulatórios, quanto à função da fala, mastigação e da deglutição, em pacientes submetidos a AHF. FORMA DE ESTUDO: Clínico prospectivo. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foram avaliados 8 pacientes, com paralisia facial periférica (PFP, submetidos a AHF, na UNIFESP/EPM, no período de 1998 a 2000, sendo 6 do sexo feminino e 2 do sexo masculino, idades entre 21 e 71 anos e mediana de 50 anos. Desses, 5 pós-exerése do Schwannoma do Nervo Vestibular, 1 pós-exerése de Fibrossarcoma, 1 pós-ferimento por arma de fogo e 1 pós-paralisia facial idiopática de má evolução. Na avaliação fonoaudiológica, o protocolo consta de: dados de identificação; classificação da recuperação do nervo facial; tratamentos realizados; simetria facial no repouso e no movimento voluntário; sincinesias para olho, boca, nariz e bochechas; distúrbios fonoarticulatórios e da motricidade da língua; alteração na mastigação e do paladar, e questionário referente ao parecer dos respectivos distúrbios para serem respondidos pelo paciente. RESULTADO: O grau de paralisia pós-anastomose e reabilitação variou para os olhos entre II e V e para a boca entre III e V (House & Brackemann, 1985. Concluímos que recuperação foi satisfatória e importante, mas a expectativa de melhora foi inferior ao esperado pelos pacientes. Foram observados: imprecisão articulatória, disfunção mastigatória, escape bucal de alimentos e disfagia.The hypoglossal-facial anastomosis (HFA have been related in patients with facial nerve lesion where proximal segment more other surgical produceres had been faited or had not been possible success. AIM: The objective of the

  17. Incongruence Between Observers’ and Observed Facial Muscle Activation Reduces Recognition of Emotional Facial Expressions From Video Stimuli

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tanja S. H. Wingenbach

    2018-06-01

    Full Text Available According to embodied cognition accounts, viewing others’ facial emotion can elicit the respective emotion representation in observers which entails simulations of sensory, motor, and contextual experiences. In line with that, published research found viewing others’ facial emotion to elicit automatic matched facial muscle activation, which was further found to facilitate emotion recognition. Perhaps making congruent facial muscle activity explicit produces an even greater recognition advantage. If there is conflicting sensory information, i.e., incongruent facial muscle activity, this might impede recognition. The effects of actively manipulating facial muscle activity on facial emotion recognition from videos were investigated across three experimental conditions: (a explicit imitation of viewed facial emotional expressions (stimulus-congruent condition, (b pen-holding with the lips (stimulus-incongruent condition, and (c passive viewing (control condition. It was hypothesised that (1 experimental condition (a and (b result in greater facial muscle activity than (c, (2 experimental condition (a increases emotion recognition accuracy from others’ faces compared to (c, (3 experimental condition (b lowers recognition accuracy for expressions with a salient facial feature in the lower, but not the upper face area, compared to (c. Participants (42 males, 42 females underwent a facial emotion recognition experiment (ADFES-BIV while electromyography (EMG was recorded from five facial muscle sites. The experimental conditions’ order was counter-balanced. Pen-holding caused stimulus-incongruent facial muscle activity for expressions with facial feature saliency in the lower face region, which reduced recognition of lower face region emotions. Explicit imitation caused stimulus-congruent facial muscle activity without modulating recognition. Methodological implications are discussed.

  18. Incongruence Between Observers' and Observed Facial Muscle Activation Reduces Recognition of Emotional Facial Expressions From Video Stimuli.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wingenbach, Tanja S H; Brosnan, Mark; Pfaltz, Monique C; Plichta, Michael M; Ashwin, Chris

    2018-01-01

    According to embodied cognition accounts, viewing others' facial emotion can elicit the respective emotion representation in observers which entails simulations of sensory, motor, and contextual experiences. In line with that, published research found viewing others' facial emotion to elicit automatic matched facial muscle activation, which was further found to facilitate emotion recognition. Perhaps making congruent facial muscle activity explicit produces an even greater recognition advantage. If there is conflicting sensory information, i.e., incongruent facial muscle activity, this might impede recognition. The effects of actively manipulating facial muscle activity on facial emotion recognition from videos were investigated across three experimental conditions: (a) explicit imitation of viewed facial emotional expressions (stimulus-congruent condition), (b) pen-holding with the lips (stimulus-incongruent condition), and (c) passive viewing (control condition). It was hypothesised that (1) experimental condition (a) and (b) result in greater facial muscle activity than (c), (2) experimental condition (a) increases emotion recognition accuracy from others' faces compared to (c), (3) experimental condition (b) lowers recognition accuracy for expressions with a salient facial feature in the lower, but not the upper face area, compared to (c). Participants (42 males, 42 females) underwent a facial emotion recognition experiment (ADFES-BIV) while electromyography (EMG) was recorded from five facial muscle sites. The experimental conditions' order was counter-balanced. Pen-holding caused stimulus-incongruent facial muscle activity for expressions with facial feature saliency in the lower face region, which reduced recognition of lower face region emotions. Explicit imitation caused stimulus-congruent facial muscle activity without modulating recognition. Methodological implications are discussed.

  19. Incongruence Between Observers’ and Observed Facial Muscle Activation Reduces Recognition of Emotional Facial Expressions From Video Stimuli

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wingenbach, Tanja S. H.; Brosnan, Mark; Pfaltz, Monique C.; Plichta, Michael M.; Ashwin, Chris

    2018-01-01

    According to embodied cognition accounts, viewing others’ facial emotion can elicit the respective emotion representation in observers which entails simulations of sensory, motor, and contextual experiences. In line with that, published research found viewing others’ facial emotion to elicit automatic matched facial muscle activation, which was further found to facilitate emotion recognition. Perhaps making congruent facial muscle activity explicit produces an even greater recognition advantage. If there is conflicting sensory information, i.e., incongruent facial muscle activity, this might impede recognition. The effects of actively manipulating facial muscle activity on facial emotion recognition from videos were investigated across three experimental conditions: (a) explicit imitation of viewed facial emotional expressions (stimulus-congruent condition), (b) pen-holding with the lips (stimulus-incongruent condition), and (c) passive viewing (control condition). It was hypothesised that (1) experimental condition (a) and (b) result in greater facial muscle activity than (c), (2) experimental condition (a) increases emotion recognition accuracy from others’ faces compared to (c), (3) experimental condition (b) lowers recognition accuracy for expressions with a salient facial feature in the lower, but not the upper face area, compared to (c). Participants (42 males, 42 females) underwent a facial emotion recognition experiment (ADFES-BIV) while electromyography (EMG) was recorded from five facial muscle sites. The experimental conditions’ order was counter-balanced. Pen-holding caused stimulus-incongruent facial muscle activity for expressions with facial feature saliency in the lower face region, which reduced recognition of lower face region emotions. Explicit imitation caused stimulus-congruent facial muscle activity without modulating recognition. Methodological implications are discussed. PMID:29928240

  20. Facial orientation and facial shape in extant great apes: a geometric morphometric analysis of covariation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Neaux, Dimitri; Guy, Franck; Gilissen, Emmanuel; Coudyzer, Walter; Vignaud, Patrick; Ducrocq, Stéphane

    2013-01-01

    The organization of the bony face is complex, its morphology being influenced in part by the rest of the cranium. Characterizing the facial morphological variation and craniofacial covariation patterns in extant hominids is fundamental to the understanding of their evolutionary history. Numerous studies on hominid facial shape have proposed hypotheses concerning the relationship between the anterior facial shape, facial block orientation and basicranial flexion. In this study we test these hypotheses in a sample of adult specimens belonging to three extant hominid genera (Homo, Pan and Gorilla). Intraspecific variation and covariation patterns are analyzed using geometric morphometric methods and multivariate statistics, such as partial least squared on three-dimensional landmarks coordinates. Our results indicate significant intraspecific covariation between facial shape, facial block orientation and basicranial flexion. Hominids share similar characteristics in the relationship between anterior facial shape and facial block orientation. Modern humans exhibit a specific pattern in the covariation between anterior facial shape and basicranial flexion. This peculiar feature underscores the role of modern humans' highly-flexed basicranium in the overall integration of the cranium. Furthermore, our results are consistent with the hypothesis of a relationship between the reduction of the value of the cranial base angle and a downward rotation of the facial block in modern humans, and to a lesser extent in chimpanzees.

  1. Hypoglossal-facial nerve "side"-to-side neurorrhaphy for facial paralysis resulting from closed temporal bone fractures.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Su, Diya; Li, Dezhi; Wang, Shiwei; Qiao, Hui; Li, Ping; Wang, Binbin; Wan, Hong; Schumacher, Michael; Liu, Song

    2018-06-06

    Closed temporal bone fractures due to cranial trauma often result in facial nerve injury, frequently inducing incomplete facial paralysis. Conventional hypoglossal-facial nerve end-to-end neurorrhaphy may not be suitable for these injuries because sacrifice of the lesioned facial nerve for neurorrhaphy destroys the remnant axons and/or potential spontaneous innervation. we modified the classical method by hypoglossal-facial nerve "side"-to-side neurorrhaphy using an interpositional predegenerated nerve graft to treat these injuries. Five patients who experienced facial paralysis resulting from closed temporal bone fractures due to cranial trauma were treated with the "side"-to-side neurorrhaphy. An additional 4 patients did not receive the neurorrhaphy and served as controls. Before treatment, all patients had suffered House-Brackmann (H-B) grade V or VI facial paralysis for a mean of 5 months. During the 12-30 months of follow-up period, no further detectable deficits were observed, but an improvement in facial nerve function was evidenced over time in the 5 neurorrhaphy-treated patients. At the end of follow-up, the improved facial function reached H-B grade II in 3, grade III in 1 and grade IV in 1 of the 5 patients, consistent with the electrophysiological examinations. In the control group, two patients showed slightly spontaneous innervation with facial function improved from H-B grade VI to V, and the other patients remained unchanged at H-B grade V or VI. We concluded that the hypoglossal-facial nerve "side"-to-side neurorrhaphy can preserve the injured facial nerve and is suitable for treating significant incomplete facial paralysis resulting from closed temporal bone fractures, providing an evident beneficial effect. Moreover, this treatment may be performed earlier after the onset of facial paralysis in order to reduce the unfavorable changes to the injured facial nerve and atrophy of its target muscles due to long-term denervation and allow axonal

  2. [Descending hypoglossal branch-facial nerve anastomosis in treating unilateral facial palsy after acoustic neuroma resection].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liang, Jiantao; Li, Mingchu; Chen, Ge; Guo, Hongchuan; Zhang, Qiuhang; Bao, Yuhai

    2015-12-15

    To evaluate the efficiency of the descending hypoglossal branch-facial nerve anastomosis for the severe facial palsy after acoustic neuroma resection. The clinical data of 14 patients (6 males, 8 females, average age 45. 6 years old) underwent descending hypoglossal branch-facial nerve anastomosis for treatment of unilateral facial palsy was analyzed retrospectively. All patients previously had undergone resection of a large acoustic neuroma. House-Brackmann (H-B) grading system was used to evaluate the pre-, post-operative and follow up facial nerve function status. 12 cases (85.7%) had long follow up, with an average follow-up period of 24. 6 months. 6 patients had good outcome (H-B 2 - 3 grade); 5 patients had fair outcome (H-B 3 - 4 grade) and 1 patient had poor outcome (H-B 5 grade) Only 1 patient suffered hemitongue myoparalysis owing to the operation. Descending hypoglossal branch-facial nerve anastomosis is effective for facial reanimation, and it has little impact on the function of chewing, swallowing and pronunciation of the patients compared with the traditional hypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis.

  3. The face is not an empty canvas: how facial expressions interact with facial appearance.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hess, Ursula; Adams, Reginald B; Kleck, Robert E

    2009-12-12

    Faces are not simply blank canvases upon which facial expressions write their emotional messages. In fact, facial appearance and facial movement are both important social signalling systems in their own right. We here provide multiple lines of evidence for the notion that the social signals derived from facial appearance on the one hand and facial movement on the other interact in a complex manner, sometimes reinforcing and sometimes contradicting one another. Faces provide information on who a person is. Sex, age, ethnicity, personality and other characteristics that can define a person and the social group the person belongs to can all be derived from the face alone. The present article argues that faces interact with the perception of emotion expressions because this information informs a decoder's expectations regarding an expresser's probable emotional reactions. Facial appearance also interacts more directly with the interpretation of facial movement because some of the features that are used to derive personality or sex information are also features that closely resemble certain emotional expressions, thereby enhancing or diluting the perceived strength of particular expressions.

  4. Accurate landmarking of three-dimensional facial data in the presence of facial expressions and occlusions using a three-dimensional statistical facial feature model.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhao, Xi; Dellandréa, Emmanuel; Chen, Liming; Kakadiaris, Ioannis A

    2011-10-01

    Three-dimensional face landmarking aims at automatically localizing facial landmarks and has a wide range of applications (e.g., face recognition, face tracking, and facial expression analysis). Existing methods assume neutral facial expressions and unoccluded faces. In this paper, we propose a general learning-based framework for reliable landmark localization on 3-D facial data under challenging conditions (i.e., facial expressions and occlusions). Our approach relies on a statistical model, called 3-D statistical facial feature model, which learns both the global variations in configurational relationships between landmarks and the local variations of texture and geometry around each landmark. Based on this model, we further propose an occlusion classifier and a fitting algorithm. Results from experiments on three publicly available 3-D face databases (FRGC, BU-3-DFE, and Bosphorus) demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, in terms of landmarking accuracy and robustness, in the presence of expressions and occlusions.

  5. Defectos congénitos faciales en pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Pediátrico “Mártires de Las Tunas”

    OpenAIRE

    Sara Elena Panizo Bruzón; Salvador Javier Santos Medina; Martha Santiago Fernández; Lourdes Bouza Piard

    2015-01-01

    Fundamento: desde épocas remotas hasta la actualidad, la forma en que las personas con defectos congénitos son tratadas por el resto de la sociedad han variado, reflejando el estilo de vida y la cultura de los diferentes pueblos. Aunque los defectos faciales no constituyen causa directa de muerte, sí provocan un impacto negativo, tanto en el medio familiar como en el contexto social. Objetivo: describir los defectos congénitos faciales más frecuentes en pacientes atendidos en la consulta d...

  6. Impaired Overt Facial Mimicry in Response to Dynamic Facial Expressions in High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yoshimura, Sayaka; Sato, Wataru; Uono, Shota; Toichi, Motomi

    2015-01-01

    Previous electromyographic studies have reported that individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) exhibited atypical patterns of facial muscle activity in response to facial expression stimuli. However, whether such activity is expressed in visible facial mimicry remains unknown. To investigate this issue, we videotaped facial responses in…

  7. The MPI facial expression database--a validated database of emotional and conversational facial expressions.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kathrin Kaulard

    Full Text Available The ability to communicate is one of the core aspects of human life. For this, we use not only verbal but also nonverbal signals of remarkable complexity. Among the latter, facial expressions belong to the most important information channels. Despite the large variety of facial expressions we use in daily life, research on facial expressions has so far mostly focused on the emotional aspect. Consequently, most databases of facial expressions available to the research community also include only emotional expressions, neglecting the largely unexplored aspect of conversational expressions. To fill this gap, we present the MPI facial expression database, which contains a large variety of natural emotional and conversational expressions. The database contains 55 different facial expressions performed by 19 German participants. Expressions were elicited with the help of a method-acting protocol, which guarantees both well-defined and natural facial expressions. The method-acting protocol was based on every-day scenarios, which are used to define the necessary context information for each expression. All facial expressions are available in three repetitions, in two intensities, as well as from three different camera angles. A detailed frame annotation is provided, from which a dynamic and a static version of the database have been created. In addition to describing the database in detail, we also present the results of an experiment with two conditions that serve to validate the context scenarios as well as the naturalness and recognizability of the video sequences. Our results provide clear evidence that conversational expressions can be recognized surprisingly well from visual information alone. The MPI facial expression database will enable researchers from different research fields (including the perceptual and cognitive sciences, but also affective computing, as well as computer vision to investigate the processing of a wider range of natural

  8. Facial EMG responses to dynamic emotional facial expressions in boys with disruptive behavior disorders

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Wied, de M.; Boxtel, van Anton; Zaalberg, R.; Goudena, P.P.; Matthys, W.

    2006-01-01

    Based on the assumption that facial mimicry is a key factor in emotional empathy, and clinical observations that children with disruptive behavior disorders (DBD) are weak empathizers, the present study explored whether DBD boys are less facially responsive to facial expressions of emotions than

  9. Case Report: A true median facial cleft (crano-facial dysraphia ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Case Report: A true median facial cleft (crano-facial dysraphia, atessier type O) in Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Jos. ... Patient had a multidisciplinary care by the obstetrician, Neonatologist, anesthesiologist and the plastic surgery team who scheduled a soft tissue repair of the upper lip defect, columella and ...

  10. Otite externa necrotizante com paralisia facial periférica bilateral: relato de caso e revisão da literatura Necrotizing external otitis with periferic bilateral facial palsy: case report and literature review

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Antonio Antunes

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available A otite externa necrotizante (OEN, conhecida no passado como otite externa maligna, é uma infecção potencialmente letal que começa usualmente no conduto auditivo externo e se estende à base do crânio ocorrendo, principalmente, em pacientes diabéticos idosos e que a despeito de antibioticoterapia prolongada está associada à morbidade elevada e mortalidade significante. Os autores apresentam o caso de um paciente adulto, diabético, com OEN e paralisia facial periférica bilateral que evoluiu com cura da infecção, porém sem melhora da paralisia.Necrotizing external otitis (NEO, known in the past as malignant external otitis, is a potencial letal infection which begins usually in the external ear canal and spreads to the base of the skull. It occurs mainly in diabetic elderly patients who despite prolonged antibioticotherapy is associated to high morbidity and significant mortality. The authors present a case of an adult diabetic patient who developed NOE associated with bilateral periferic facial palsy evoluting with cure of the infection but without facial improvement.

  11. Outcome of different facial nerve reconstruction techniques

    OpenAIRE

    Mohamed, Aboshanif; Omi, Eigo; Honda, Kohei; Suzuki, Shinsuke; Ishikawa, Kazuo

    2016-01-01

    Abstract Introduction: There is no technique of facial nerve reconstruction that guarantees facial function recovery up to grade III. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of different facial nerve reconstruction techniques. Methods: Facial nerve reconstruction was performed in 22 patients (facial nerve interpositional graft in 11 patients and hypoglossal-facial nerve transfer in another 11 patients). All patients had facial function House-Brackmann (HB) grade VI, either caused by...

  12. Microbial biofilms on silicone facial prostheses

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Ariani, Nina

    2015-01-01

    Facial disfigurements can result from oncologic surgery, trauma and congenital deformities. These disfigurements can be rehabilitated with facial prostheses. Facial prostheses are usually made of silicones. A problem of facial prostheses is that microorganisms can colonize their surface. It is hard

  13. [Facial tics and spasms].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Potgieser, Adriaan R E; van Dijk, J Marc C; Elting, Jan Willem J; de Koning-Tijssen, Marina A J

    2014-01-01

    Facial tics and spasms are socially incapacitating, but effective treatment is often available. The clinical picture is sufficient for distinguishing between the different diseases that cause this affliction.We describe three cases of patients with facial tics or spasms: one case of tics, which are familiar to many physicians; one case of blepharospasms; and one case of hemifacial spasms. We discuss the differential diagnosis and the treatment possibilities for facial tics and spasms. Early diagnosis and treatment is important, because of the associated social incapacitation. Botulin toxin should be considered as a treatment option for facial tics and a curative neurosurgical intervention should be considered for hemifacial spasms.

  14. Síndrome de dolor facial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    DR. F. Eugenio Tenhamm

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available El dolor o algia facial constituye un síndrome doloroso de las estructuras cráneo faciales bajo el cual se agrupan un gran número de enfermedades. La mejor manera de abordar el diagnóstico diferencial de las entidades que causan el dolor facial es usando un algoritmo que identifica cuatro síndromes dolorosos principales que son: las neuralgias faciales, los dolores faciales con síntomas y signos neurológicos, las cefaleas autonómicas trigeminales y los dolores faciales sin síntomas ni signos neurológicos. Una evaluación clínica detallada de los pacientes, permite una aproximación etiológica lo que orienta el estudio diagnóstico y permite ofrecer una terapia específica a la mayoría de los casos

  15. Outcome of different facial nerve reconstruction techniques.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mohamed, Aboshanif; Omi, Eigo; Honda, Kohei; Suzuki, Shinsuke; Ishikawa, Kazuo

    There is no technique of facial nerve reconstruction that guarantees facial function recovery up to grade III. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of different facial nerve reconstruction techniques. Facial nerve reconstruction was performed in 22 patients (facial nerve interpositional graft in 11 patients and hypoglossal-facial nerve transfer in another 11 patients). All patients had facial function House-Brackmann (HB) grade VI, either caused by trauma or after resection of a tumor. All patients were submitted to a primary nerve reconstruction except 7 patients, where late reconstruction was performed two weeks to four months after the initial surgery. The follow-up period was at least two years. For facial nerve interpositional graft technique, we achieved facial function HB grade III in eight patients and grade IV in three patients. Synkinesis was found in eight patients, and facial contracture with synkinesis was found in two patients. In regards to hypoglossal-facial nerve transfer using different modifications, we achieved facial function HB grade III in nine patients and grade IV in two patients. Facial contracture, synkinesis and tongue atrophy were found in three patients, and synkinesis was found in five patients. However, those who had primary direct facial-hypoglossal end-to-side anastomosis showed the best result without any neurological deficit. Among various reanimation techniques, when indicated, direct end-to-side facial-hypoglossal anastomosis through epineural suturing is the most effective technique with excellent outcomes for facial reanimation and preservation of tongue movement, particularly when performed as a primary technique. Copyright © 2016 Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.

  16. Facial Transplantation Surgery Introduction

    OpenAIRE

    Eun, Seok-Chan

    2015-01-01

    Severely disfiguring facial injuries can have a devastating impact on the patient's quality of life. During the past decade, vascularized facial allotransplantation has progressed from an experimental possibility to a clinical reality in the fields of disease, trauma, and congenital malformations. This technique may now be considered a viable option for repairing complex craniofacial defects for which the results of autologous reconstruction remain suboptimal. Vascularized facial allotranspla...

  17. Outcome of different facial nerve reconstruction techniques

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aboshanif Mohamed

    Full Text Available Abstract Introduction: There is no technique of facial nerve reconstruction that guarantees facial function recovery up to grade III. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of different facial nerve reconstruction techniques. Methods: Facial nerve reconstruction was performed in 22 patients (facial nerve interpositional graft in 11 patients and hypoglossal-facial nerve transfer in another 11 patients. All patients had facial function House-Brackmann (HB grade VI, either caused by trauma or after resection of a tumor. All patients were submitted to a primary nerve reconstruction except 7 patients, where late reconstruction was performed two weeks to four months after the initial surgery. The follow-up period was at least two years. Results: For facial nerve interpositional graft technique, we achieved facial function HB grade III in eight patients and grade IV in three patients. Synkinesis was found in eight patients, and facial contracture with synkinesis was found in two patients. In regards to hypoglossal-facial nerve transfer using different modifications, we achieved facial function HB grade III in nine patients and grade IV in two patients. Facial contracture, synkinesis and tongue atrophy were found in three patients, and synkinesis was found in five patients. However, those who had primary direct facial-hypoglossal end-to-side anastomosis showed the best result without any neurological deficit. Conclusion: Among various reanimation techniques, when indicated, direct end-to-side facial-hypoglossal anastomosis through epineural suturing is the most effective technique with excellent outcomes for facial reanimation and preservation of tongue movement, particularly when performed as a primary technique.

  18. Recognizing Facial Expressions Automatically from Video

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shan, Caifeng; Braspenning, Ralph

    Facial expressions, resulting from movements of the facial muscles, are the face changes in response to a person's internal emotional states, intentions, or social communications. There is a considerable history associated with the study on facial expressions. Darwin [22] was the first to describe in details the specific facial expressions associated with emotions in animals and humans, who argued that all mammals show emotions reliably in their faces. Since that, facial expression analysis has been a area of great research interest for behavioral scientists [27]. Psychological studies [48, 3] suggest that facial expressions, as the main mode for nonverbal communication, play a vital role in human face-to-face communication. For illustration, we show some examples of facial expressions in Fig. 1.

  19. Facial transplantation for massive traumatic injuries.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alam, Daniel S; Chi, John J

    2013-10-01

    This article describes the challenges of facial reconstruction and the role of facial transplantation in certain facial defects and injuries. This information is of value to surgeons assessing facial injuries with massive soft tissue loss or injury. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  20. Caracterização do atendimento de pacientes com feridas na Atenção Primária

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Isabel Cristina Ramos Vieira Santos

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar la atención a portadores de heridas en la Atención Primaria de Salud. Investigación descriptiva con enfoque cuantitativo. Se seleccionaron 93 unidades de Salud de la Familia de Recife, PE, Brasil, y 112 enfermeros fueron entrevistados, entre julio y diciembre de 2011. Como fuentes adicionales de datos, se utilizaron el libro de registro de vendajes y apósito, y formulario de búsqueda. Se estimaron frecuencias, medidas de tendencia central y dispersión, prevalencia y, para las variables continuas, fue realizado análisis de variancia. La prevalencia de portadores de heridas fue de 1,9% de la población cubierta estimada. Las úlceras vasculares representaron 74,1% de las heridas tratadas. El vendaje se realizaba predominantemente por el técnico de Enfermería, y los productos disponibles para apósito no correspondían al desarrollo tecnológico actual.

  1. Quality of life assessment in facial palsy: validation of the Dutch Facial Clinimetric Evaluation Scale.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kleiss, Ingrid J; Beurskens, Carien H G; Stalmeier, Peep F M; Ingels, Koen J A O; Marres, Henri A M

    2015-08-01

    This study aimed at validating an existing health-related quality of life questionnaire for patients with facial palsy for implementation in the Dutch language and culture. The Facial Clinimetric Evaluation Scale was translated into the Dutch language using a forward-backward translation method. A pilot test with the translated questionnaire was performed in 10 patients with facial palsy and 10 normal subjects. Finally, cross-cultural adaption was accomplished at our outpatient clinic for facial palsy. Analyses for internal consistency, test-retest reliability, construct validity and responsiveness were performed. Ninety-three patients completed the Dutch Facial Clinimetric Evaluation Scale, the Dutch Facial Disability Index, and the Dutch Short Form (36) Health Survey. Cronbach's α, representing internal consistency, was 0.800. Test-retest reliability was shown by an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.737. Correlations with the House-Brackmann score, Sunnybrook score, Facial Disability Index physical function, and social/well-being function were -0.292, 0.570, 0.713, and 0.575, respectively. The SF-36 domains correlate best with the FaCE social function domain, with the strongest correlation between the both social function domains (r = 0.576). The FaCE score did statistically significantly increase in 35 patients receiving botulinum toxin type A (P = 0.042, Student t test). The domains 'facial comfort' and 'social function' improved statistically significantly as well (P = 0.022 and P = 0.046, respectively, Student t-test). The Dutch Facial Clinimetric Evaluation Scale shows good psychometric values and can be implemented in the management of Dutch-speaking patients with facial palsy in the Netherlands. Translation of the instrument into other languages may lead to widespread use, making evaluation and comparison possible among different providers.

  2. Facial nerve conduction after sclerotherapy in children with facial lymphatic malformations: report of two cases.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lin, Pei-Jung; Guo, Yuh-Cherng; Lin, Jan-You; Chang, Yu-Tang

    2007-04-01

    Surgical excision is thought to be the standard treatment of choice for lymphatic malformations. However, when the lesions are limited to the face only, surgical scar and facial nerve injury may impair cosmetics and facial expression. Sclerotherapy, an injection of a sclerosing agent directly through the skin into a lesion, is an alternative method. By evaluating facial nerve conduction, we observed the long-term effect of facial lymphatic malformations after intralesional injection of OK-432 and correlated the findings with anatomic outcomes. One 12-year-old boy with a lesion over the right-side preauricular area adjacent to the main trunk of facial nerve and the other 5-year-old boy with a lesion in the left-sided cheek involving the buccinator muscle were enrolled. The follow-up data of more than one year, including clinical appearance, computed tomography (CT) scan and facial nerve evaluation were collected. The facial nerve conduction study was normal in both cases. Blink reflex in both children revealed normal results as well. Complete resolution was noted on outward appearance and CT scan. The neurophysiologic data were compatible with good anatomic and functional outcomes. Our report suggests that the inflammatory reaction of OK-432 did not interfere with adjacent facial nerve conduction.

  3. Facial Nerve Paralysis due to a Pleomorphic Adenoma with the Imaging Characteristics of a Facial Nerve Schwannoma.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nader, Marc-Elie; Bell, Diana; Sturgis, Erich M; Ginsberg, Lawrence E; Gidley, Paul W

    2014-08-01

    Background Facial nerve paralysis in a patient with a salivary gland mass usually denotes malignancy. However, facial paralysis can also be caused by benign salivary gland tumors. Methods We present a case of facial nerve paralysis due to a benign salivary gland tumor that had the imaging characteristics of an intraparotid facial nerve schwannoma. Results The patient presented to our clinic 4 years after the onset of facial nerve paralysis initially diagnosed as Bell palsy. Computed tomography demonstrated filling and erosion of the stylomastoid foramen with a mass on the facial nerve. Postoperative histopathology showed the presence of a pleomorphic adenoma. Facial paralysis was thought to be caused by extrinsic nerve compression. Conclusions This case illustrates the difficulty of accurate preoperative diagnosis of a parotid gland mass and reinforces the concept that facial nerve paralysis in the context of salivary gland tumors may not always indicate malignancy.

  4. Celulitis facial en niños con criterio de hospitalización

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dadonim Vila Morales

    Full Text Available Introducción: la celulitis facial puede convertirse en un grave riesgo vital cuando no se tiene en cuenta el tratamiento adecuado. Constituye un problema de salud en la población de edades pediátricas, pues es la segunda causa más frecuente de ingreso hospitalario en la cirugía maxilofacial, luego de los traumatismos maxilofaciales. Objetivo: describir el comportamiento y el manejo terapéutico por la Atención Primaria de Salud en los municipios de Playa, Marianao y Lisa de La Habana. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo en 53 pacientes que fueron ingresados en el Servicio de Cirugía Máxilo Facial del Hospital Pediátrico Docente "Juan Manuel Márquez", desde enero de 2001 a enero de 2007. Resultados: hubo ausencia de significación estadística entre sexos y entre los grupos de edades. La media de la edad fue de 8 años, con una desviación estándar de 4. La celulitis más frecuente fue la odontógena (60,4 %. El 60,3 % de los pacientes fueron mal manejados por la atención primaria. Los grupos dentarios más afectados sugieren que las acciones preventivas deben encaminarse mayormente a la población con dentición temporal y mixta. Conclusiones: hubo mayor representación del sexo masculino y del grupo de 1 a 5 años. El tipo de celulitis facial predominante fue la odontógena. En más de la mitad de los casos el tratamiento antimicrobiano aplicado en la atención primaria de salud fue inadecuado. Al momento del ingreso predominó la evaluación clínica severa.

  5. Advances in facial reanimation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tate, James R; Tollefson, Travis T

    2006-08-01

    Facial paralysis often has a significant emotional impact on patients. Along with the myriad of new surgical techniques in managing facial paralysis comes the challenge of selecting the most effective procedure for the patient. This review delineates common surgical techniques and reviews state-of-the-art techniques. The options for dynamic reanimation of the paralyzed face must be examined in the context of several patient factors, including age, overall health, and patient desires. The best functional results are obtained with direct facial nerve anastomosis and interpositional nerve grafts. In long-standing facial paralysis, temporalis muscle transfer gives a dependable and quick result. Microvascular free tissue transfer is a reliable technique with reanimation potential whose results continue to improve as microsurgical expertise increases. Postoperative results can be improved with ancillary soft tissue procedures, as well as botulinum toxin. The paper provides an overview of recent advances in facial reanimation, including preoperative assessment, surgical reconstruction options, and postoperative management.

  6. Reconocimiento facial para la autentificación de usuarios

    OpenAIRE

    MARTÍNEZ GUERRERO, MARÍA

    2018-01-01

    [ES] El desarrollo de este proyecto consiste en crear una herramienta que, mediante el reconocimiento facial, permita la autentificación del usuario a través de imágenes tomadas en tiempo real. Con ese fin, se realizarán unas tomas de imágenes del usuario mediante la webcam y del documento de identificación del usuario que serán las muestras a analizar en el proceso de validación. Por una parte, la toma de imagen del usuario se realizará a través del algoritmo Cascade Haar C...

  7. Computer Aided Facial Prosthetics Manufacturing System

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Peng H.K.

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Facial deformities can impose burden to the patient. There are many solutions for facial deformities such as plastic surgery and facial prosthetics. However, current fabrication method of facial prosthetics is high-cost and time consuming. This study aimed to identify a new method to construct a customized facial prosthetic. A 3D scanner, computer software and 3D printer were used in this study. Results showed that the new developed method can be used to produce a customized facial prosthetics. The advantages of the developed method over the conventional process are low cost, reduce waste of material and pollution in order to meet the green concept.

  8. Satisfaction with facial appearance and its determinants in adults with severe congenital facial disfigurement: a case-referent study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Versnel, S L; Duivenvoorden, H J; Passchier, J; Mathijssen, I M J

    2010-10-01

    Patients with severe congenital facial disfigurement have a long track record of operations and hospital visits by the time they are 18 years old. The fact that their facial deformity is congenital may have an impact on how satisfied these patients are with their appearance. This study evaluated the level of satisfaction with facial appearance of congenital and of acquired facially disfigured adults, and explored demographic, physical and psychological determinants of this satisfaction. Differences compared with non-disfigured adults were examined. Fifty-nine adults with a rare facial cleft, 59 adults with a facial deformity traumatically acquired in adulthood, and a reference group of 201 non-disfigured adults completed standardised demographic, physical and psychological questionnaires. The congenital and acquired groups did not differ significantly in the level of satisfaction with facial appearance, but both were significantly less satisfied than the reference group. In facially disfigured adults, level of education, number of affected facial parts and facial function were determinants of the level of satisfaction. High fear of negative appearance evaluation by others (FNAE) and low self-esteem (SE) were strong psychological determinants. Although FNAE was higher in both patient groups, SE was similar in all three groups. Satisfaction with facial appearance of individuals with a congenital or acquired facial deformity is similar and will seldom reach the level of satisfaction of non-disfigured persons. A combination of surgical correction (with attention for facial profile and restoring facial functions) and psychological help (to increase SE and lower FNAE) may improve patient satisfaction. Copyright 2009 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  9. P2-28: An Amplification of Feedback from Facial Muscles Strengthened Sympathetic Activations to Emotional Facial Cues

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Younbyoung Chae

    2012-10-01

    Full Text Available The facial feedback hypothesis suggests that feedback from cutaneous and muscular afferents influences our emotions during the control of facial expressions. Enhanced facial expressiveness is correlated with an increase in autonomic arousal, and self-reported emotional experience, while limited facial expression attenuates these responses. The present study was aimed at investigating the difference in emotional response in imitated versus observed facial expressions. For this, we measured the facial electromyogram of the corrugator muscle as well as the skin conductance response (SCR while participants were either imitating or simply observing emotional facial expressions. We found that participants produced significantly greater facial electromyogram activation during imitations compared to observations of angry faces. Similarly, they exhibited significantly greater SCR during imitations to angry faces compared to observations. An amplification of feedback from face muscles during imitation strengthened sympathetic activation to negative emotional cues. These findings suggest that manipulations of muscular feedback could modulate the bodily expression of emotion and perhaps also the emotional response itself.

  10. Exacerbation of Facial Motoneuron Loss after Facial Nerve Axotomy in CCR3-Deficient Mice

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Derek A Wainwright

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available We have previously demonstrated a neuroprotective mechanism of FMN (facial motoneuron survival after facial nerve axotomy that is dependent on CD4+ Th2 cell interaction with peripheral antigen-presenting cells, as well as CNS (central nervous system-resident microglia. PACAP (pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide is expressed by injured FMN and increases Th2-associated chemokine expression in cultured murine microglia. Collectively, these results suggest a model involving CD4+ Th2 cell migration to the facial motor nucleus after injury via microglial expression of Th2-associated chemokines. However, to respond to Th2-associated chemokines, Th2 cells must express the appropriate Th2-associated chemokine receptors. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that Th2-associated chemokine receptors increase in the facial motor nucleus after facial nerve axotomy at timepoints consistent with significant T-cell infiltration. Microarray analysis of Th2-associated chemokine receptors was followed up with real-time PCR for CCR3, which indicated that facial nerve injury increases CCR3 mRNA levels in mouse facial motor nucleus. Unexpectedly, quantitative- and co-immunofluorescence revealed increased CCR3 expression localizing to FMN in the facial motor nucleus after facial nerve axotomy. Compared with WT (wild-type, a significant decrease in FMN survival 4 weeks after axotomy was observed in CCR3–/– mice. Additionally, compared with WT, a significant decrease in FMN survival 4 weeks after axotomy was observed in Rag2 –/– (recombination activating gene-2-deficient mice adoptively transferred CD4+ T-cells isolated from CCR3–/– mice, but not in CCR3–/– mice adoptively transferred CD4+ T-cells derived from WT mice. These results provide a basis for further investigation into the co-operation between CD4+ T-cell- and CCR3-mediated neuroprotection after FMN injury.

  11. The MPI Facial Expression Database — A Validated Database of Emotional and Conversational Facial Expressions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kaulard, Kathrin; Cunningham, Douglas W.; Bülthoff, Heinrich H.; Wallraven, Christian

    2012-01-01

    The ability to communicate is one of the core aspects of human life. For this, we use not only verbal but also nonverbal signals of remarkable complexity. Among the latter, facial expressions belong to the most important information channels. Despite the large variety of facial expressions we use in daily life, research on facial expressions has so far mostly focused on the emotional aspect. Consequently, most databases of facial expressions available to the research community also include only emotional expressions, neglecting the largely unexplored aspect of conversational expressions. To fill this gap, we present the MPI facial expression database, which contains a large variety of natural emotional and conversational expressions. The database contains 55 different facial expressions performed by 19 German participants. Expressions were elicited with the help of a method-acting protocol, which guarantees both well-defined and natural facial expressions. The method-acting protocol was based on every-day scenarios, which are used to define the necessary context information for each expression. All facial expressions are available in three repetitions, in two intensities, as well as from three different camera angles. A detailed frame annotation is provided, from which a dynamic and a static version of the database have been created. In addition to describing the database in detail, we also present the results of an experiment with two conditions that serve to validate the context scenarios as well as the naturalness and recognizability of the video sequences. Our results provide clear evidence that conversational expressions can be recognized surprisingly well from visual information alone. The MPI facial expression database will enable researchers from different research fields (including the perceptual and cognitive sciences, but also affective computing, as well as computer vision) to investigate the processing of a wider range of natural facial expressions

  12. The enlargement of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal: a new CT finding of facial nerve canal fracture

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gong Ruozhen; Li Yuhua; Gong Wuxian; Wu Lebin

    2006-01-01

    Objective: To discuss the value of enlargement of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal in the diagnosis of facial nerve canal fracture. Methods: Thirty patients with facial nerve canal fracture underwent axial and coronal CT scan. The correlation between the fracture and the enlargement of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal was analyzed. The ability of showing the fracture and enlargement of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal in axial and coronal imaging were compared. Results: Fracture of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal was found in the operation in 30 patients, while the fracture was detected in CT in 18 patients. Enlargement of geniculate ganglion of facial nerve was detected in 30 patients in the operation, while the enlargement of fossa was found in CT in 28 cases. Enlargement and fracture of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal were both detected in CT images in 18 patients. Only the enlargement of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal was shown in 12 patients in CT. Conclusion: Enlargement of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal was a useful finding in the diagnosis of fracture of geniculate fossa in patients with facial paralysis, even no fracture line was shown on CT images. (authors)

  13. Facial Nerve Paralysis due to a Pleomorphic Adenoma with the Imaging Characteristics of a Facial Nerve Schwannoma

    OpenAIRE

    Nader, Marc-Elie; Bell, Diana; Sturgis, Erich M.; Ginsberg, Lawrence E.; Gidley, Paul W.

    2014-01-01

    Background Facial nerve paralysis in a patient with a salivary gland mass usually denotes malignancy. However, facial paralysis can also be caused by benign salivary gland tumors. Methods We present a case of facial nerve paralysis due to a benign salivary gland tumor that had the imaging characteristics of an intraparotid facial nerve schwannoma. Results The patient presented to our clinic 4 years after the onset of facial nerve paralysis initially diagnosed as Bell palsy. Computed tomograph...

  14. Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Volumetry of Facial Muscles in Healthy Patients with Facial Palsy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Volk, Gerd F.; Karamyan, Inna; Klingner, Carsten M.; Reichenbach, Jürgen R.

    2014-01-01

    Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has not yet been established systematically to detect structural muscular changes after facial nerve lesion. The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate quantitative assessment of MRI muscle volume data for facial muscles. Methods: Ten healthy subjects and 5 patients with facial palsy were recruited. Using manual or semiautomatic segmentation of 3T MRI, volume measurements were performed for the frontal, procerus, risorius, corrugator supercilii, orbicularis oculi, nasalis, zygomaticus major, zygomaticus minor, levator labii superioris, orbicularis oris, depressor anguli oris, depressor labii inferioris, and mentalis, as well as for the masseter and temporalis as masticatory muscles for control. Results: All muscles except the frontal (identification in 4/10 volunteers), procerus (4/10), risorius (6/10), and zygomaticus minor (8/10) were identified in all volunteers. Sex or age effects were not seen (all P > 0.05). There was no facial asymmetry with exception of the zygomaticus major (larger on the left side; P = 0.012). The exploratory examination of 5 patients revealed considerably smaller muscle volumes on the palsy side 2 months after facial injury. One patient with chronic palsy showed substantial muscle volume decrease, which also occurred in another patient with incomplete chronic palsy restricted to the involved facial area. Facial nerve reconstruction led to mixed results of decreased but also increased muscle volumes on the palsy side compared with the healthy side. Conclusions: First systematic quantitative MRI volume measures of 5 different clinical presentations of facial paralysis are provided. PMID:25289366

  15. Resolución endovascular de lesiones por arma de fuego en la región cervical

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sebastián Rizzone

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: Las heridas producidas por armas de fuego que comprometen la región cervical son materia de controversia en cuanto a cuál es el mejor método para tratarlas. La resolución endovascular de este tipo de patología ha cobrado gran relevancia en los últimos años debido al desarrollo de nuevos dispositivos y, consecuentemente, a la menor incidencia de complicaciones inherentes al procedimiento. Objetivo: Determinar el rol del tratamiento endovascular en la resolución de las lesiones cervicales por arma de fuego. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron 76 pacientes que sufrieron lesiones cervicales por arma de fuego, a los cuales se les realizó angiografía de los vasos supraaórticos para decidir la conducta a seguir. Resultados: Del total de 76 pacientes, 47 (61,8% presentaron una angiografía patológica; de estos, en 26 se decidió la resolución endovascular de la lesión, implantándose 1,1 stents por paciente. La estadía intrahospitalaria fue en promedio de 10,4 días. A los 30 días de seguimiento, 2 pacientes presentaron secuela neurológica y uno evolucionó con sepsis. En el seguimiento alejado con un promedio de 4 años se registró una muerte a los 117 días de realizado el procedimiento. Conclusiones: La intervención endovascular ha ganado mayor protagonismo con el desarrollo de nuevos dispositivos que permiten el tratamiento de patologías cada vez más complejas y reducir el tiempo de internación intrahospitalaria, como también las complicaciones relacionadas con el procedimiento.

  16. Antecedentes de las curas en ambiente húmedo (CAH: El "método español" de tratamiento de heridas de guerra y el Hospital Sueco-Noruego de Alcoy History of cures in moist enviroment (CME: The "Spanish Method" of wound war treatment and the Swedish-Norwegian hospital in Alcoy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francisco Enrique Moltó Abad

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available Durante la Guerra Civil española se instaló en Alcoy un hospital de sangre. Esto fue posible gracias a la solidaridad de los pueblos sueco y noruego. Los escandinavos desplazaron hasta Alcoy personal médico y de enfermería especializado, junto con todo el material necesario para instalar un hospital destinado para atender heridos de guerra. Tras su marcha, se hizo cargo de los servicios quirúrgicos del hospital el Dr. D. Manuel Bastos Ansart, cirujano, traumatólogo, ortopeda militar y toda una autoridad en el tratamiento de heridas de guerra. El Dr. Bastos junto con el Dr. D. Josep Trueta i Raspall fueron los padres del método oclusivo de curas, base y fundamento de las actuales curas en ambiente húmedo. Gracias al "método español" se consiguió evitar infinidad de amputaciones y muertes debidas a las septicemias producidas por heridas de guerra. Este sistema de curas nació como la suma de diferentes técnicas y tratamientos de diversos cirujanos que se fueron acumulando y depurando a lo largo del tiempo. El "método español" consistía en una limpieza exahustiva de la herida y posterior exéresis de todo el tejido desvitalizado, aplicando después un apósito de escayola que se debía mantener sin cambiar el máximo tiempo posible (siempre y cuando el paciente no presentara complicaciones. Acabada la Guerra Civil española, y ya durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, fue el Dr. Trueta quien depuró, sistematizó y divulgó el método entre el bando aliado, siendo aún hoy en día el método de elección de tratamiento de las heridas y fracturas abiertas de guerra.During the Spanish Civil War, a hospital of blood is installed in Alcoy. This was posible thanks to the solidarity of Swedish and Norwegian people. Medical and specialized nursing staff were sent by the Scandinavians, with all the necesary material, to install a hospital to see war wounded. Dr. D. Manuel Bastos Ansart was the surgical chief when the scandinavians left Alcoy. He

  17. [Prosopagnosia and facial expression recognition].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Koyama, Shinichi

    2014-04-01

    This paper reviews clinical neuropsychological studies that have indicated that the recognition of a person's identity and the recognition of facial expressions are processed by different cortical and subcortical areas of the brain. The fusiform gyrus, especially the right fusiform gyrus, plays an important role in the recognition of identity. The superior temporal sulcus, amygdala, and medial frontal cortex play important roles in facial-expression recognition. Both facial recognition and facial-expression recognition are highly intellectual processes that involve several regions of the brain.

  18. MR findings of facial nerve on oblique sagittal MRI using TMJ surface coil: normal vs peripheral facial nerve palsy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Park, Yong Ok; Lee, Myeong Jun; Lee, Chang Joon; Yoo, Jeong Hyun

    2000-01-01

    To evaluate the findings of normal facial nerve, as seen on oblique sagittal MRI using a TMJ (temporomandibular joint) surface coil, and then to evaluate abnormal findings of peripheral facial nerve palsy. We retrospectively reviewed the MR findings of 20 patients with peripheral facial palsy and 50 normal facial nerves of 36 patients without facial palsy. All underwent oblique sagittal MRI using a T MJ surface coil. We analyzed the course, signal intensity, thickness, location, and degree of enhancement of the facial nerve. According to the angle made by the proximal parotid segment on the axis of the mastoid segment, course was classified as anterior angulation (obtuse and acute, or buckling), straight and posterior angulation. Among 50 normal facial nerves, 24 (48%) were straight, and 23 (46%) demonstrated anterior angulation; 34 (68%) showed iso signal intensity on T1W1. In the group of patients, course on the affected side was either straight (40%) or showed anterior angulation (55%), and signal intensity in 80% of cases was isointense. These findings were similar to those in the normal group, but in patients with post-traumatic or post-operative facial palsy, buckling, of course, appeared. In 12 of 18 facial palsy cases (66.6%) in which contrast materials were administered, a normal facial nerve of the opposite facial canal showed mild enhancement on more than one segment, but on the affected side the facial nerve showed diffuse enhancement in all 14 patients with acute facial palsy. Eleven of these (79%) showed fair or marked enhancement on more than one segment, and in 12 (86%), mild enhancement of the proximal parotid segment was noted. Four of six chronic facial palsy cases (66.6%) showed atrophy of the facial nerve. When oblique sagittal MR images are obtained using a TMJ surface coil, enhancement of the proximal parotid segment of the facial nerve and fair or marked enhancement of at least one segment within the facial canal always suggests pathology of

  19. Facial neuroma masquerading as acoustic neuroma.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sayegh, Eli T; Kaur, Gurvinder; Ivan, Michael E; Bloch, Orin; Cheung, Steven W; Parsa, Andrew T

    2014-10-01

    Facial nerve neuromas are rare benign tumors that may be initially misdiagnosed as acoustic neuromas when situated near the auditory apparatus. We describe a patient with a large cystic tumor with associated trigeminal, facial, audiovestibular, and brainstem dysfunction, which was suspicious for acoustic neuroma on preoperative neuroimaging. Intraoperative investigation revealed a facial nerve neuroma located in the cerebellopontine angle and internal acoustic canal. Gross total resection of the tumor via retrosigmoid craniotomy was curative. Transection of the facial nerve necessitated facial reanimation 4 months later via hypoglossal-facial cross-anastomosis. Clinicians should recognize the natural history, diagnostic approach, and management of this unusual and mimetic lesion. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  20. Situación actual sobre el manejo de heridas agudas y crónicas en España: Estudio ATENEA Actual situation about acute and chronic wounds in Spain: ATENEA study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paz Beaskoetxea Gómez

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available Las heridas son un problema de salud que afecta a una amplia población de todas las edades y que requieren diferentes intervenciones para asegurar un cuidado óptimo de los pacientes que las presentan. Esta es una encuesta transversal de ámbito nacional dirigida a profesionales de enfermería realizada durante el periodo septiembre 2011-enero 2012. Los profesionales que respondieron a la encuesta son enfermeros/as que trabajan en hospitales, centros de atención primaria u otros centros asistenciales. La encuesta, con un total de 26 ítems, presenta tres grandes secciones: 1. Datos socio demográficos y filiación; 2. Formación recibida en el cuidado y tratamiento de heridas; 3. Preguntas relacionadas con el manejo en el cuidado de las heridas. En el presente artículo se presentan los resultados para los apartados 1 y 2. Un total de 405 profesionales participaron en la encuesta, de los cuales 340 cumplimentaron el cuestionario de forma completa para su evaluación. En el artículo se citan los diferentes resultados obtenidos para cada uno de los parámetros. En futuros estudios sería interesante desarrollar programas que permitan evaluar la efectividad de los diferentes modos formativos en el medio asistencial.Wounds are a health problem that affects a wide population of all ages and that require different interventions to ensure optimal care of patients who have them. Cross-sectional survey of national scope done by professional nurses, and carried out during the period September 2011-January 2012. Professionals who answered to the survey are nurses who work in hospitals, primary care centers or other centers. The survey, that includes a total of 26 items, presents three main sections: 1. Social demographic data and personal details; 2. Training received regarding wound treatment; 3. Questions related to management in wound care. This article presents the results for paragraphs 1 and 2. A total of 405 professionals participated in the

  1. Persistent facial pain conditions

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Forssell, Heli; Alstergren, Per; Bakke, Merete

    2016-01-01

    Persistent facial pains, especially temporomandibular disorders (TMD), are common conditions. As dentists are responsible for the treatment of most of these disorders, up-to date knowledge on the latest advances in the field is essential for successful diagnosis and management. The review covers...... TMD, and different neuropathic or putative neuropathic facial pains such as persistent idiopathic facial pain and atypical odontalgia, trigeminal neuralgia and painful posttraumatic trigeminal neuropathy. The article presents an overview of TMD pain as a biopsychosocial condition, its prevalence......, clinical features, consequences, central and peripheral mechanisms, diagnostic criteria (DC/TMD), and principles of management. For each of the neuropathic facial pain entities, the definitions, prevalence, clinical features, and diagnostics are described. The current understanding of the pathophysiology...

  2. Computed tomography in facial trauma

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zilkha, A.

    1982-01-01

    Computed tomography (CT), plain radiography, and conventional tomography were performed on 30 patients with facial trauma. CT demonstrated bone and soft-tissue involvement. In all cases, CT was superior to tomography in the assessment of facial injury. It is suggested that CT follow plain radiography in the evaluation of facial trauma

  3. Uso de concentrados autólogos de plaquetas como tratamiento de una fractura escapular y una lesión del plexo braquial producidas por un disparo en un caballo Use of autologous platelet concentrates as treatment for a scapular fracture and brachial plexus nerve injury produced by a gunshot in a horse

    OpenAIRE

    C López; JU Carmona; I Samudio

    2010-01-01

    Las heridas de bala han sido escasamente descritas en caballos. Los disparos a corta distancia suelen producir daños en tejidos blandos y fracturas conminutas. Un caso de una fractura conminuta del cuello de la escápula con lesión aguda del plexo braquial producida por una bala de 9 mm en un semental de seis años de edad es descrito. El paciente fue tratado con éxito mediante la combinación de desbridamiento quirúrgico de la región afectada e inyección local de varias dosis de concentrados au...

  4. Facial transplantation surgery introduction.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Eun, Seok-Chan

    2015-06-01

    Severely disfiguring facial injuries can have a devastating impact on the patient's quality of life. During the past decade, vascularized facial allotransplantation has progressed from an experimental possibility to a clinical reality in the fields of disease, trauma, and congenital malformations. This technique may now be considered a viable option for repairing complex craniofacial defects for which the results of autologous reconstruction remain suboptimal. Vascularized facial allotransplantation permits optimal anatomical reconstruction and provides desired functional, esthetic, and psychosocial benefits that are far superior to those achieved with conventional methods. Along with dramatic improvements in their functional statuses, patients regain the ability to make facial expressions such as smiling and to perform various functions such as smelling, eating, drinking, and speaking. The ideas in the 1997 movie "Face/Off" have now been realized in the clinical field. The objective of this article is to introduce this new surgical field, provide a basis for examining the status of the field of face transplantation, and stimulate and enhance facial transplantation studies in Korea.

  5. Facial reanimation with gracilis muscle transfer neurotized to cross-facial nerve graft versus masseteric nerve: a comparative study using the FACIAL CLIMA evaluating system.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hontanilla, Bernardo; Marre, Diego; Cabello, Alvaro

    2013-06-01

    Longstanding unilateral facial paralysis is best addressed with microneurovascular muscle transplantation. Neurotization can be obtained from the cross-facial or the masseter nerve. The authors present a quantitative comparison of both procedures using the FACIAL CLIMA system. Forty-seven patients with complete unilateral facial paralysis underwent reanimation with a free gracilis transplant neurotized to either a cross-facial nerve graft (group I, n=20) or to the ipsilateral masseteric nerve (group II, n=27). Commissural displacement and commissural contraction velocity were measured using the FACIAL CLIMA system. Postoperative intragroup commissural displacement and commissural contraction velocity means of the reanimated versus the normal side were first compared using the independent samples t test. Mean percentage of recovery of both parameters were compared between the groups using the independent samples t test. Significant differences of mean commissural displacement and commissural contraction velocity between the reanimated side and the normal side were observed in group I (p=0.001 and p=0.014, respectively) but not in group II. Intergroup comparisons showed that both commissural displacement and commissural contraction velocity were higher in group II, with significant differences for commissural displacement (p=0.048). Mean percentage of recovery of both parameters was higher in group II, with significant differences for commissural displacement (p=0.042). Free gracilis muscle transfer neurotized by the masseteric nerve is a reliable technique for reanimation of longstanding facial paralysis. Compared with cross-facial nerve graft neurotization, this technique provides better symmetry and a higher degree of recovery. Therapeutic, III.

  6. Are facial injuries really different? An observational cohort study comparing appearance concern and psychological distress in facial trauma and non-facial trauma patients.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rahtz, Emmylou; Bhui, Kamaldeep; Hutchison, Iain; Korszun, Ania

    2018-01-01

    Facial injuries are widely assumed to lead to stigma and significant psychosocial burden. Experimental studies of face perception support this idea, but there is very little empirical evidence to guide treatment. This study sought to address the gap. Data were collected from 193 patients admitted to hospital following facial or other trauma. Ninety (90) participants were successfully followed up 8 months later. Participants completed measures of appearance concern and psychological distress (post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms). Participants were classified by site of injury (facial or non-facial injury). The overall levels of appearance concern were comparable to those of the general population, and there was no evidence of more appearance concern among people with facial injuries. Women and younger people were significantly more likely to experience appearance concern at baseline. Baseline and 8-month psychological distress, although common in the sample, did not differ according to the site of injury. Changes in appearance concern were, however, strongly associated with psychological distress at follow-up. We conclude that although appearance concern is severe among some people with facial injury, it is not especially different to those with non-facial injuries or the general public; changes in appearance concern, however, appear to correlate with psychological distress. We therefore suggest that interventions might focus on those with heightened appearance concern and should target cognitive bias and psychological distress. Copyright © 2017 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  7. Misrecognition of facial expressions in delinquents

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Matsuura Naomi

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Previous reports have suggested impairment in facial expression recognition in delinquents, but controversy remains with respect to how such recognition is impaired. To address this issue, we investigated facial expression recognition in delinquents in detail. Methods We tested 24 male adolescent/young adult delinquents incarcerated in correctional facilities. We compared their performances with those of 24 age- and gender-matched control participants. Using standard photographs of facial expressions illustrating six basic emotions, participants matched each emotional facial expression with an appropriate verbal label. Results Delinquents were less accurate in the recognition of facial expressions that conveyed disgust than were control participants. The delinquents misrecognized the facial expressions of disgust as anger more frequently than did controls. Conclusion These results suggest that one of the underpinnings of delinquency might be impaired recognition of emotional facial expressions, with a specific bias toward interpreting disgusted expressions as hostile angry expressions.

  8. Peripheral facial palsy in children.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yılmaz, Unsal; Cubukçu, Duygu; Yılmaz, Tuba Sevim; Akıncı, Gülçin; Ozcan, Muazzez; Güzel, Orkide

    2014-11-01

    The aim of this study is to evaluate the types and clinical characteristics of peripheral facial palsy in children. The hospital charts of children diagnosed with peripheral facial palsy were reviewed retrospectively. A total of 81 children (42 female and 39 male) with a mean age of 9.2 ± 4.3 years were included in the study. Causes of facial palsy were 65 (80.2%) idiopathic (Bell palsy) facial palsy, 9 (11.1%) otitis media/mastoiditis, and tumor, trauma, congenital facial palsy, chickenpox, Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, enlarged lymph nodes, and familial Mediterranean fever (each 1; 1.2%). Five (6.1%) patients had recurrent attacks. In patients with Bell palsy, female/male and right/left ratios were 36/29 and 35/30, respectively. Of them, 31 (47.7%) had a history of preceding infection. The overall rate of complete recovery was 98.4%. A wide variety of disorders can present with peripheral facial palsy in children. Therefore, careful investigation and differential diagnosis is essential. © The Author(s) 2013.

  9. Facial expressions and pair bonds in hylobatids.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Florkiewicz, Brittany; Skollar, Gabriella; Reichard, Ulrich H

    2018-06-06

    Facial expressions are an important component of primate communication that functions to transmit social information and modulate intentions and motivations. Chimpanzees and macaques, for example, produce a variety of facial expressions when communicating with conspecifics. Hylobatids also produce various facial expressions; however, the origin and function of these facial expressions are still largely unclear. It has been suggested that larger facial expression repertoires may have evolved in the context of social complexity, but this link has yet to be tested at a broader empirical basis. The social complexity hypothesis offers a possible explanation for the evolution of complex communicative signals such as facial expressions, because as the complexity of an individual's social environment increases so does the need for communicative signals. We used an intraspecies, pair-focused study design to test the link between facial expressions and sociality within hylobatids, specifically the strength of pair-bonds. The current study compared 206 hr of video and 103 hr of focal animal data for ten hylobatid pairs from three genera (Nomascus, Hoolock, and Hylobates) living at the Gibbon Conservation Center. Using video footage, we explored 5,969 facial expressions along three dimensions: repertoire use, repertoire breadth, and facial expression synchrony [FES]. We then used focal animal data to compare dimensions of facial expressiveness to pair bond strength and behavioral synchrony. Hylobatids in our study overlapped in only half of their facial expressions (50%) with the only other detailed, quantitative study of hylobatid facial expressions, while 27 facial expressions were uniquely observed in our study animals. Taken together, hylobatids have a large facial expression repertoire of at least 80 unique facial expressions. Contrary to our prediction, facial repertoire composition was not significantly correlated with pair bond strength, rates of territorial synchrony

  10. Facial talon cusps.

    LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

    McNamara, T

    1997-12-01

    This is a report of two patients with isolated facial talon cusps. One occurred on a permanent mandibular central incisor; the other on a permanent maxillary canine. The locations of these talon cusps suggests that the definition of a talon cusp include teeth in addition to the incisor group and be extended to include the facial aspect of teeth.

  11. Imaging the Facial Nerve: A Contemporary Review

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gupta, S.; Roehm, P.C.; Mends, F.; Hagiwara, M.; Fatterpekar, G.

    2013-01-01

    Imaging plays a critical role in the evaluation of a number of facial nerve disorders. The facial nerve has a complex anatomical course; thus, a thorough understanding of the course of the facial nerve is essential to localize the sites of pathology. Facial nerve dysfunction can occur from a variety of causes, which can often be identified on imaging. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are helpful for identifying bony facial canal and soft tissue abnormalities, respectively. Ultrasound of the facial nerve has been used to predict functional outcomes in patients with Bell’s palsy. More recently, diffusion tensor tractography has appeared as a new modality which allows three-dimensional display of facial nerve fibers

  12. Uso de cobertura com colágeno e aloe vera no tratamento de ferida isquêmica: estudo de caso El uso de colágeno y aloe vera en el tratamiento de la herida isquémica: estudio de caso Use of collagen and aloe vera in ischemic wound treatment: study case

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Simone Helena dos Santos Oliveira

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available O presente estudo relata o caso clínico de um paciente diabético e hipertenso, portador de ferida isquêmica, tratado com cobertura não convencional, à base de Aloe vera e colágeno. Faz parte de um projeto de pesquisa experimental, coordenado por professores e enfermeiros que atuam em projetos para o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias para o tratamento de feridas. O caso em tela foi selecionado dentre os dos demais pacientes acompanhados. A coleta de dados foi efetuada através da anamnese e exame físico do paciente, utilizando-se um instrumento com dados relativos às condições do paciente e da lesão, bem como através do registro fotográfico da lesão. Os curativos foram realizados diariamente e, ao final de aproximadamente dez semanas, observou-se a total cicatrização da lesão. Não foram observados desconfortos ou complicações decorrentes do uso do produto, concluindo-se que o mesmo apresentou boa tolerabilidade e eficácia terapêutica para este caso em particular.Este estudio reporta el caso clínico de un paciente hipertenso, diabético, con una herida isquémica tratada con apósitos no convencionales de Aloe vera y colágeno, y forma parte de un proyecto de investigación experimental coordinado por profesores y enfermeros que trabajan en proyectos de desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías para el tratamiento de heridas. El caso de referencia fue elegido entre muchos pacientes en seguimiento. Los datos fueron obtenidos por la anamnesis y el examen físico del paciente, utilizándose un instrumento con datos relativos a las condiciones del paciente y de la lesión, así como un registro fotográfico de la lesión. Las curaciones se realizaron diariamente, al cabo de aproximadamente diez semanas se obtuvo la curación total. No se observó incomodidad o cualquier otra complicación derivada de la utilización del producto, por lo que se concluye en que el tratamiento demostró una buena tolerabilidad y eficacia terap

  13. Facial nerve palsy due to birth trauma

    Science.gov (United States)

    Seventh cranial nerve palsy due to birth trauma; Facial palsy - birth trauma; Facial palsy - neonate; Facial palsy - infant ... An infant's facial nerve is also called the seventh cranial nerve. It can be damaged just before or at the time of delivery. ...

  14. Electrical and transcranial magnetic stimulation of the facial nerve: diagnostic relevance in acute isolated facial nerve palsy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Happe, Svenja; Bunten, Sabine

    2012-01-01

    Unilateral facial weakness is common. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) allows identification of a conduction failure at the level of the canalicular portion of the facial nerve and may help to confirm the diagnosis. We retrospectively analyzed 216 patients with the diagnosis of peripheral facial palsy. The electrophysiological investigations included the blink reflex, preauricular electrical stimulation and the response to TMS at the labyrinthine part of the canalicular proportion of the facial nerve within 3 days after symptom onset. A similar reduction or loss of the TMS amplitude (p facial palsy without being specific for Bell's palsy. These data shed light on the TMS-based diagnosis of peripheral facial palsy, an ability to localize the site of lesion within the Fallopian channel regardless of the underlying pathology. Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel.

  15. Facial Muscle Coordination in Monkeys During Rhythmic Facial Expressions and Ingestive Movements

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shepherd, Stephen V.; Lanzilotto, Marco; Ghazanfar, Asif A.

    2012-01-01

    Evolutionary hypotheses regarding the origins of communication signals generally, and primate orofacial communication signals in particular, suggest that these signals derive by ritualization of noncommunicative behaviors, notably including ingestive behaviors such as chewing and nursing. These theories are appealing in part because of the prominent periodicities in both types of behavior. Despite their intuitive appeal, however, there are little or no data with which to evaluate these theories because the coordination of muscles innervated by the facial nucleus has not been carefully compared between communicative and ingestive movements. Such data are especially crucial for reconciling neurophysiological assumptions regarding facial motor control in communication and ingestion. We here address this gap by contrasting the coordination of facial muscles during different types of rhythmic orofacial behavior in macaque monkeys, finding that the perioral muscles innervated by the facial nucleus are rhythmically coordinated during lipsmacks and that this coordination appears distinct from that observed during ingestion. PMID:22553017

  16. Facial Action Units Recognition: A Comparative Study

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Popa, M.C.; Rothkrantz, L.J.M.; Wiggers, P.; Braspenning, R.A.C.; Shan, C.

    2011-01-01

    Many approaches to facial expression recognition focus on assessing the six basic emotions (anger, disgust, happiness, fear, sadness, and surprise). Real-life situations proved to produce many more subtle facial expressions. A reliable way of analyzing the facial behavior is the Facial Action Coding

  17. Pediatric facial injuries: It's management.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Singh, Geeta; Mohammad, Shadab; Pal, U S; Hariram; Malkunje, Laxman R; Singh, Nimisha

    2011-07-01

    Facial injuries in children always present a challenge in respect of their diagnosis and management. Since these children are of a growing age every care should be taken so that later the overall growth pattern of the facial skeleton in these children is not jeopardized. To access the most feasible method for the management of facial injuries in children without hampering the facial growth. Sixty child patients with facial trauma were selected randomly for this study. On the basis of examination and investigations a suitable management approach involving rest and observation, open or closed reduction and immobilization, trans-osseous (TO) wiring, mini bone plate fixation, splinting and replantation, elevation and fixation of zygoma, etc. were carried out. In our study fall was the predominant cause for most of the facial injuries in children. There was a 1.09% incidence of facial injuries in children up to 16 years of age amongst the total patients. The age-wise distribution of the fracture amongst groups (I, II and III) was found to be 26.67%, 51.67% and 21.67% respectively. Male to female patient ratio was 3:1. The majority of the cases of facial injuries were seen in Group II patients (6-11 years) i.e. 51.67%. The mandibular fracture was found to be the most common fracture (0.60%) followed by dentoalveolar (0.27%), mandibular + midface (0.07) and midface (0.02%) fractures. Most of the mandibular fractures were found in the parasymphysis region. Simple fracture seems to be commonest in the mandible. Most of the mandibular and midface fractures in children were amenable to conservative therapies except a few which required surgical intervention.

  18. Performance-driven facial animation: basic research on human judgments of emotional state in facial avatars.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rizzo, A A; Neumann, U; Enciso, R; Fidaleo, D; Noh, J Y

    2001-08-01

    Virtual reality is rapidly evolving into a pragmatically usable technology for mental health (MH) applications. As the underlying enabling technologies continue to evolve and allow us to design more useful and usable structural virtual environments (VEs), the next important challenge will involve populating these environments with virtual representations of humans (avatars). This will be vital to create mental health VEs that leverage the use of avatars for applications that require human-human interaction and communication. As Alessi et al.1 pointed out at the 8th Annual Medicine Meets Virtual Reality Conference (MMVR8), virtual humans have mainly appeared in MH applications to "serve the role of props, rather than humans." More believable avatars inhabiting VEs would open up possibilities for MH applications that address social interaction, communication, instruction, assessment, and rehabilitation issues. They could also serve to enhance realism that might in turn promote the experience of presence in VR. Additionally, it will soon be possible to use computer-generated avatars that serve to provide believable dynamic facial and bodily representations of individuals communicating from a distance in real time. This could support the delivery, in shared virtual environments, of more natural human interaction styles, similar to what is used in real life between people. These techniques could enhance communication and interaction by leveraging our natural sensing and perceiving capabilities and offer the potential to model human-computer-human interaction after human-human interaction. To enhance the authenticity of virtual human representations, advances in the rendering of facial and gestural behaviors that support implicit communication will be needed. In this regard, the current paper presents data from a study that compared human raters' judgments of emotional expression between actual video clips of facial expressions and identical expressions rendered on a

  19. Virtual 3-D Facial Reconstruction

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Martin Paul Evison

    2000-06-01

    Full Text Available Facial reconstructions in archaeology allow empathy with people who lived in the past and enjoy considerable popularity with the public. It is a common misconception that facial reconstruction will produce an exact likeness; a resemblance is the best that can be hoped for. Research at Sheffield University is aimed at the development of a computer system for facial reconstruction that will be accurate, rapid, repeatable, accessible and flexible. This research is described and prototypical 3-D facial reconstructions are presented. Interpolation models simulating obesity, ageing and ethnic affiliation are also described. Some strengths and weaknesses in the models, and their potential for application in archaeology are discussed.

  20. Facial Baroparesis Caused by Scuba Diving

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daisuke Kamide

    2012-01-01

    tympanic membrane and right facial palsy without other neurological findings. But facial palsy was disappeared immediately after myringotomy. We considered that the etiology of this case was neuropraxia of facial nerve in middle ear caused by over pressure of middle ear.

  1. Botulinum Toxin (Botox) for Facial Wrinkles

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Stories Español Eye Health / Eye Health A-Z Botulinum Toxin (Botox) for Facial Wrinkles Sections Botulinum Toxin (Botox) ... Facial Wrinkles How Does Botulinum Toxin (Botox) Work? Botulinum Toxin (Botox) for Facial Wrinkles Leer en Español: La ...

  2. High-intensity facial nerve lesions on T2-weighted images in chronic persistent facial nerve palsy

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kinoshita, T. [Dept. of Radiology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai (Japan); Dept. of Radiology, Tottori Univ. (Japan); Ishii, K. [Dept. of Radiology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai (Japan); Okitsu, T. [Dept. of Otolaryngology, Sendai City Hospital (Japan); Ogawa, T. [Dept. of Radiology, Tottori Univ. (Japan); Okudera, T. [Dept. of Radiology, Research Inst. of Brain and Blood Vessels-Akita, Akita (Japan)

    2001-05-01

    Our aim was to estimate the value of MRI in detecting irreversibly paralysed facial nerves. We examined 95 consecutive patients with a facial nerve palsy (14 with a persistent palsy, and 81 with good recovery), using a 1.0 T unit, with T2-weighted and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images. The geniculate ganglion and tympanic segment had gave high signal on T2-weighted images in the chronic stage of persistent palsy, but not in acute palsy. The enhancement pattern of the facial nerve in the chronic persistent facial nerve palsy is similar to that in the acute palsy with good recovery. These findings suggest that T2-weighted MRI can be used to show severely damaged facial nerves. (orig.)

  3. Operant conditioning of facial displays of pain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kunz, Miriam; Rainville, Pierre; Lautenbacher, Stefan

    2011-06-01

    The operant model of chronic pain posits that nonverbal pain behavior, such as facial expressions, is sensitive to reinforcement, but experimental evidence supporting this assumption is sparse. The aim of the present study was to investigate in a healthy population a) whether facial pain behavior can indeed be operantly conditioned using a discriminative reinforcement schedule to increase and decrease facial pain behavior and b) to what extent these changes affect pain experience indexed by self-ratings. In the experimental group (n = 29), the participants were reinforced every time that they showed pain-indicative facial behavior (up-conditioning) or a neutral expression (down-conditioning) in response to painful heat stimulation. Once facial pain behavior was successfully up- or down-conditioned, respectively (which occurred in 72% of participants), facial pain displays and self-report ratings were assessed. In addition, a control group (n = 11) was used that was yoked to the reinforcement plans of the experimental group. During the conditioning phases, reinforcement led to significant changes in facial pain behavior in the majority of the experimental group (p .136). Fine-grained analyses of facial muscle movements revealed a similar picture. Furthermore, the decline in facial pain displays (as observed during down-conditioning) strongly predicted changes in pain ratings (R(2) = 0.329). These results suggest that a) facial pain displays are sensitive to reinforcement and b) that changes in facial pain displays can affect self-report ratings.

  4. Desarrollo de un sistema de reconocimiento de emociones faciales en tiempo real

    OpenAIRE

    Ribes Gil, Héctor

    2017-01-01

    Una organización del trastorno nutricional ha puesto en práctica un nuevo tratamiento para sus pacientes. Éste está directamente relacionado con la emoción del paciente, cuya emoción se clasifica oralmente. Llegados a ese punto aparece el reto de automatizar esta tarea, desarrollando un sistema de reconocimiento de emociones faciales en tiempo real caracterizado por un detector de rostros, un detector de Key Points y una red neuronal convolucional utilizando "DeepLearning" para extraer las ca...

  5. Reconocimiento facial

    OpenAIRE

    Urtiaga Abad, Juan Alfonso

    2014-01-01

    El presente proyecto trata sobre uno de los campos más problemáticos de la inteligencia artificial, el reconocimiento facial. Algo tan sencillo para las personas como es reconocer una cara conocida se traduce en complejos algoritmos y miles de datos procesados en cuestión de segundos. El proyecto comienza con un estudio del estado del arte de las diversas técnicas de reconocimiento facial, desde las más utilizadas y probadas como el PCA y el LDA, hasta técnicas experimentales que utilizan ...

  6. Facial Displays Are Tools for Social Influence.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Crivelli, Carlos; Fridlund, Alan J

    2018-05-01

    Based on modern theories of signal evolution and animal communication, the behavioral ecology view of facial displays (BECV) reconceives our 'facial expressions of emotion' as social tools that serve as lead signs to contingent action in social negotiation. BECV offers an externalist, functionalist view of facial displays that is not bound to Western conceptions about either expressions or emotions. It easily accommodates recent findings of diversity in facial displays, their public context-dependency, and the curious but common occurrence of solitary facial behavior. Finally, BECV restores continuity of human facial behavior research with modern functional accounts of non-human communication, and provides a non-mentalistic account of facial displays well-suited to new developments in artificial intelligence and social robotics. Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

  7. Does facial resemblance enhance cooperation?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Trang Giang

    Full Text Available Facial self-resemblance has been proposed to serve as a kinship cue that facilitates cooperation between kin. In the present study, facial resemblance was manipulated by morphing stimulus faces with the participants' own faces or control faces (resulting in self-resemblant or other-resemblant composite faces. A norming study showed that the perceived degree of kinship was higher for the participants and the self-resemblant composite faces than for actual first-degree relatives. Effects of facial self-resemblance on trust and cooperation were tested in a paradigm that has proven to be sensitive to facial trustworthiness, facial likability, and facial expression. First, participants played a cooperation game in which the composite faces were shown. Then, likability ratings were assessed. In a source memory test, participants were required to identify old and new faces, and were asked to remember whether the faces belonged to cooperators or cheaters in the cooperation game. Old-new recognition was enhanced for self-resemblant faces in comparison to other-resemblant faces. However, facial self-resemblance had no effects on the degree of cooperation in the cooperation game, on the emotional evaluation of the faces as reflected in the likability judgments, and on the expectation that a face belonged to a cooperator rather than to a cheater. Therefore, the present results are clearly inconsistent with the assumption of an evolved kin recognition module built into the human face recognition system.

  8. Facial skin care products and cosmetics.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Draelos, Zoe Diana

    2014-01-01

    Facial skin care products and cosmetics can both aid or incite facial dermatoses. Properly selected skin care can create an environment for barrier repair aiding in the re-establishment of a healing biofilm and diminution of facial redness; however, skin care products that aggressively remove intercellular lipids or cause irritation must be eliminated before the red face will resolve. Cosmetics are an additive variable either aiding or challenging facial skin health. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  9. Pseudotumoural hypertrophic neuritis of the facial nerve

    OpenAIRE

    Zanoletti, E; Mazzoni, A; Barbò, R

    2008-01-01

    In a retrospective study of our cases of recurrent paralysis of the facial nerve of tumoural and non-tumoural origin, a tumour-like lesion of the intra-temporal course of the facial nerve, mimicking facial nerve schwannoma, was found and investigated in 4 cases. This was defined as, pseudotumoral hypertrophic neuritis of the facial nerve. The picture was one of recurrent acute facial palsy with incomplete recovery and imaging of a benign tumour. It was different from the well-known recurrent ...

  10. Imaging of the facial nerve

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Veillon, F. [Service de Radiologie I, Hopital de Hautepierre, 67098 Strasbourg Cedex (France)], E-mail: Francis.Veillon@chru-strasbourg.fr; Ramos-Taboada, L.; Abu-Eid, M. [Service de Radiologie I, Hopital de Hautepierre, 67098 Strasbourg Cedex (France); Charpiot, A. [Service d' ORL, Hopital de Hautepierre, 67098 Strasbourg Cedex (France); Riehm, S. [Service de Radiologie I, Hopital de Hautepierre, 67098 Strasbourg Cedex (France)

    2010-05-15

    The facial nerve is responsible for the motor innervation of the face. It has a visceral motor function (lacrimal, submandibular, sublingual glands and secretion of the nose); it conveys a great part of the taste fibers, participates to the general sensory of the auricle (skin of the concha) and the wall of the external auditory meatus. The facial mimic, production of tears, nasal flow and salivation all depend on the facial nerve. In order to image the facial nerve it is mandatory to be knowledgeable about its normal anatomy including the course of its efferent and afferent fibers and about relevant technical considerations regarding CT and MR to be able to achieve high-resolution images of the nerve.

  11. Central nervous system abnormalities on midline facial defects with hypertelorism detected by magnetic resonance image and computed tomography Anomalias de sistema nervoso central em defeitos de linha média facial com hipertelorismo detectados por ressonância magnética e tomografia computadorizada

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vera Lúcia Gil-da-Silva-Lopes

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this study were to describe and to compare structural central nervous system (CNS anomalies detected by magnetic resonance image (MRI and computed tomography (CT in individuals affected by midline facial defects with hypertelorism (MFDH isolated or associated with multiple congenital anomalies (MCA. The investigation protocol included dysmorphological examination, skull and facial X-rays, brain CT and/or MRI. We studied 24 individuals, 12 of them had an isolated form (Group I and the others, MCA with unknown etiology (Group II. There was no significative difference between Group I and II and the results are presented in set. In addition to the several CNS anomalies previously described, MRI (n=18 was useful for detection of neuronal migration errors. These data suggested that structural CNS anomalies and MFDH seem to have an intrinsic embryological relationship, which should be taken in account during the clinical follow-up.Este estudo objetivou descrever e comparar as anomalias estruturais do sistema nervoso central (SNC detectadas por meio de ressonância magnética (RM e tomografia computadorizada (TC de crânio em indivíduos com defeitos de linha média facial com hipertelorismo (DLMFH isolados ou associados a anomalias congênitas múltiplas (ACM. O protocolo de investigação incluiu exame dismorfológico, RX de crânio e face, CT e RM de crânio. Foram estudados 24 indivíduos, sendo que 12 apresentavam a forma isolada (Grupo I e os demais, DLMFH com ACM de etiologia não esclarecida (Grupo II. Não houve diferença entre os dois grupos e os resultados foram agrupados. Além de várias anomalias de SNC já descritas, a RM foi útil para detecção de erros de migração neuronal. Os dados sugerem que as alterações estruturais de SNC e os DLMFH têm relação embriológica, o que deve ser levado em conta durante o seguimento clínico.

  12. Forensic Facial Reconstruction: The Final Frontier.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gupta, Sonia; Gupta, Vineeta; Vij, Hitesh; Vij, Ruchieka; Tyagi, Nutan

    2015-09-01

    Forensic facial reconstruction can be used to identify unknown human remains when other techniques fail. Through this article, we attempt to review the different methods of facial reconstruction reported in literature. There are several techniques of doing facial reconstruction, which vary from two dimensional drawings to three dimensional clay models. With the advancement in 3D technology, a rapid, efficient and cost effective computerized 3D forensic facial reconstruction method has been developed which has brought down the degree of error previously encountered. There are several methods of manual facial reconstruction but the combination Manchester method has been reported to be the best and most accurate method for the positive recognition of an individual. Recognition allows the involved government agencies to make a list of suspected victims'. This list can then be narrowed down and a positive identification may be given by the more conventional method of forensic medicine. Facial reconstruction allows visual identification by the individual's family and associates to become easy and more definite.

  13. Magnetic resonance imaging of facial muscles

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Farrugia, M.E. [Department of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford (United Kingdom)], E-mail: m.e.farrugia@doctors.org.uk; Bydder, G.M. [Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92103-8226 (United States); Francis, J.M.; Robson, M.D. [OCMR, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford (United Kingdom)

    2007-11-15

    Facial and tongue muscles are commonly involved in patients with neuromuscular disorders. However, these muscles are not as easily accessible for biopsy and pathological examination as limb muscles. We have previously investigated myasthenia gravis patients with MuSK antibodies for facial and tongue muscle atrophy using different magnetic resonance imaging sequences, including ultrashort echo time techniques and image analysis tools that allowed us to obtain quantitative assessments of facial muscles. This imaging study had shown that facial muscle measurement is possible and that useful information can be obtained using a quantitative approach. In this paper we aim to review in detail the methods that we applied to our study, to enable clinicians to study these muscles within the domain of neuromuscular disease, oncological or head and neck specialties. Quantitative assessment of the facial musculature may be of value in improving the understanding of pathological processes occurring within facial muscles in certain neuromuscular disorders.

  14. Magnetic resonance imaging of facial muscles

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Farrugia, M.E.; Bydder, G.M.; Francis, J.M.; Robson, M.D.

    2007-01-01

    Facial and tongue muscles are commonly involved in patients with neuromuscular disorders. However, these muscles are not as easily accessible for biopsy and pathological examination as limb muscles. We have previously investigated myasthenia gravis patients with MuSK antibodies for facial and tongue muscle atrophy using different magnetic resonance imaging sequences, including ultrashort echo time techniques and image analysis tools that allowed us to obtain quantitative assessments of facial muscles. This imaging study had shown that facial muscle measurement is possible and that useful information can be obtained using a quantitative approach. In this paper we aim to review in detail the methods that we applied to our study, to enable clinicians to study these muscles within the domain of neuromuscular disease, oncological or head and neck specialties. Quantitative assessment of the facial musculature may be of value in improving the understanding of pathological processes occurring within facial muscles in certain neuromuscular disorders

  15. Experiencia con el colgajo de Kirschbaum en secuelas de quemaduras cérvico-faciales

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    P. Rossell-Perry

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Presentamos nuestra experiencia con el colgajo de Kirschbaum (colgajo en charretera en la corrección de retracciones cicatriciales de la región cervical anterior y del tercio inferior de la cara. Llevamos a cabo un estudio retrospectivo sobre una serie de 63 pacientes con retracciones cicatriciales de la región cervical anterior y del tercio inferior facial, operados por el primer autor entre los años 1996 y 2012 dentro del marco de las campañas quirúrgicas desarrolladas a lo largo del país (Perú en las áreas geográficas con mayor necesidad de atención especializada. En todos los casos empleamos el colgajo en charretera tomado de la región lateral del cuello y de la región deltoidea. Evaluamos a los pacientes mediante el examen físico y la documentación fotográfica obtenida en los periodos pre y postoperatorio. Obtuvimos mejoría en diferentes grados de la limitación funcional de la región cervical y facial en todos los casos operados, con viabilidad total del colgajo en 59 casos (93,65 % y parcial en 4 casos (6,34 % . No hubo ningún caso de pérdida total. Las complicaciones recogidas fueron pocas, principalmente hematomas, 6 casos (9,52 % e infección, 2 casos (3,17 % . Las zonas donantes evolucionaron con cicatriz hipertrófica en 22 de los casos (34,92 % . En conclusión, nuestra experiencia con el uso de esta técnica quirúrgica ha demostrado ser de utilidad en el tratamiento de las secuelas de quemadura con retracción cicatricial cervical y facial, por lo que consideramos que el colgajo de Kirschbaum es seguro y tiene pocas complicaciones.

  16. Perceived functional impact of abnormal facial appearance.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rankin, Marlene; Borah, Gregory L

    2003-06-01

    Functional facial deformities are usually described as those that impair respiration, eating, hearing, or speech. Yet facial scars and cutaneous deformities have a significant negative effect on social functionality that has been poorly documented in the scientific literature. Insurance companies are declining payments for reconstructive surgical procedures for facial deformities caused by congenital disabilities and after cancer or trauma operations that do not affect mechanical facial activity. The purpose of this study was to establish a large, sample-based evaluation of the perceived social functioning, interpersonal characteristics, and employability indices for a range of facial appearances (normal and abnormal). Adult volunteer evaluators (n = 210) provided their subjective perceptions based on facial physical appearance, and an analysis of the consequences of facial deformity on parameters of preferential treatment was performed. A two-group comparative research design rated the differences among 10 examples of digitally altered facial photographs of actual patients among various age and ethnic groups with "normal" and "abnormal" congenital deformities or posttrauma scars. Photographs of adult patients with observable congenital and posttraumatic deformities (abnormal) were digitally retouched to eliminate the stigmatic defects (normal). The normal and abnormal photographs of identical patients were evaluated by the large sample study group on nine parameters of social functioning, such as honesty, employability, attractiveness, and effectiveness, using a visual analogue rating scale. Patients with abnormal facial characteristics were rated as significantly less honest (p = 0.007), less employable (p = 0.001), less trustworthy (p = 0.01), less optimistic (p = 0.001), less effective (p = 0.02), less capable (p = 0.002), less intelligent (p = 0.03), less popular (p = 0.001), and less attractive (p = 0.001) than were the same patients with normal facial

  17. Possibilities of pfysiotherapy in facial nerve paresis

    OpenAIRE

    ZIFČÁKOVÁ, Šárka

    2015-01-01

    The bachelor thesis addresses paresis of the facial nerve. The facial nerve paresis is a rather common illness, which cannot be often cured without consequences despite all the modern treatments. The paresis of the facial nerve occurs in two forms, central and peripheral. A central paresis is a result of a lesion located above the motor nucleus of the facial nerve. A peripheral paresis is caused by a lesion located either in the location of the motor nucleus or in the course of the facial ner...

  18. Facial colliculus syndrome

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rupinderjeet Kaur

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available A male patient presented with horizontal diplopia and conjugate gaze palsy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI revealed acute infarct in right facial colliculus which is an anatomical elevation on the dorsal aspect of Pons. This elevation is due the 6th cranial nerve nucleus and the motor fibres of facial nerve which loop dorsal to this nucleus. Anatomical correlation of the clinical symptoms is also depicted in this report.

  19. Actualización en microimplantes de relleno perioral atendiendo a su permanencia Update on facial filler microimplants and their durability

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elena Aced Jiménez

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Introducción y objetivo: El uso de materiales de relleno facial para la corrección de arrugas, pliegues y otros defectos es cada vez más demandado por nuestros pacientes. Se trata de materiales que al ser infiltrados provocan un aumento de volumen. Pueden clasificarse en función del tiempo de permanencia en el cuerpo en temporales o biodegradables (entre 4 y 8 meses, semipermanentes (entre 12 y 18 meses y permanentes (no biodegradables. Nuestro trabajo tiene por objeto repasar los materiales de relleno que actualmente están aprobados por la Agencia del Medicamento en septiembre de 2010. Material y métodos: Hemos revisado a través de la página web oficial de la Agencia Española del Medicamento los materiales de rellenos aprobados por la misma en septiembre de 2010, para posteriormente hacer una revisión de la literatura científica más reciente sobre ellos. Resultados: Estos son: el ácido hialurónico, colágeno y agarosa para los materiales temporales; el ácido poliláctico, la hidroxiapatita de calcio y la policaprolactona como materiales semipermanentes; y el polimetilmetracrilato y las acrilamidas en el grupo de los materiales permanentes. Discusión: Las características ideales que debería cumplir un relleno facial son ser biocompatible, no cancerígeno, no teratógeno, no migratorio y tener resultados satisfactorios con durabilidad. Estos tipos de materiales son productos sanitarios y deben cumplir la normativa de la Agencia Española del Medicamento. Por tanto, solo deben ser utilizados por profesionales cualificados y preparados específicamente en este terreno. Conclusiones: Los rellenos temporales son los que más se emplean con fines estéticos. Sin embargo, es necesario el conocimiento de la naturaleza de cada material, sus indicaciones y las posibles complicaciones que pueden aparecer tras su uso para poder así sacar el máximo beneficio y obtener los mejores resultados posibles.Introduction and aim: The use of facial

  20. La ciudad herida: Siete ejemplos paradigmáticos de rehabilitación urbana en la segunda mitad del siglo XX

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francisco Segado-Vázquez

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available En la historia del urbanismo, la segunda mitad del siglo XX marca un punto de inflexión. Los métodos de desarrollo urbano aplicados hasta la fecha ya no consiguen dar respuesta a los problemas surgidos en el corazón de las ciudades: guetos, inseguridad o delincuencia. Resulta necesario buscar nuevos métodos para la recuperación del pulso vital de nuestros barrios. Kreuzberg en Berlín, el centro histórico de Bolonia, Le Marais en París, Fener y Balat en Estambul, Molenbeek en Bruselas, Mouraria en Lisboa y Lavapiés en Madrid se han convertido en ejemplos paradigmáticos de la nueva idea de rehabilitación urbana. La diversidad social, que evita la creación de guetos; la calidad de los espacios públicos, que favorece las relaciones interpersonales; y la salvaguarda, que mantiene y fortalece la imagen que tenemos de nuestro entorno urbano, se convierten en conceptos necesarios para recuperar nuestra "ciudad herida".

  1. Cranio-facial clefts in pre-hispanic America.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Marius-Nunez, A L; Wasiak, D T

    2015-10-01

    Among the representations of congenital malformations in Moche ceramic art, cranio-facial clefts have been portrayed in pottery found in Moche burials. These pottery vessels were used as domestic items during lifetime and funerary offerings upon death. The aim of this study was to examine archeological evidence for representations of cranio-facial cleft malformations in Moche vessels. Pottery depicting malformations of the midface in Moche collections in Lima-Peru were studied. The malformations portrayed on pottery were analyzed using the Tessier classification. Photographs were authorized by the Larco Museo.Three vessels were observed to have median cranio-facial dysraphia in association with midline cleft of the lower lip with cleft of the mandible. ML001489 portrays a median cranio-facial dysraphia with an orbital cleft and a midline cleft of the lower lip extending to the mandible. ML001514 represents a median facial dysraphia in association with an orbital facial cleft and a vertical orbital dystopia. ML001491 illustrates a median facial cleft with a soft tissue cleft. Three cases of midline, orbital and lateral facial clefts have been portrayed in Moche full-figure portrait vessels. They represent the earliest registries of congenital cranio-facial malformations in ancient Peru. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  2. Necrosis Avascular Bilateral de cadera en paciente con VIH y traumatismo de arma de fuego.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Belkis J Menoni Blanco

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available La Necrosis Avascular de Cadera (NAV es un proceso patológico infrecuente, originado por faltade irrigación de la articulación coxofemoral que implica necrosis y degeneración de los huesos que la conforman, causando dolor e impotencia funcional. Es más frecuente en varones jóvenes, pudiendo ser unilateral o bilateral. La etiología puede ser idiopática o estar relacionada a causas sistémicas como infección por VIH y su tratamiento depende de la severidad. En este reporte, se presenta un caso masculino de 35 años, seropositivo con tratamiento antirretroviral y antecedente de herida por arma de fuego de presentación inusual en cadera, sin lesión ósea aparente; quien refiere dolor de cadera izquierda, de fuerte intensidad, punzante, irradiado a rodilla izquierda, que produce limitación funcional. Al examen físico se evidencia marcha de Trendelemburg, con signos de Thomas y Patrick positivos. La radiografía demuestra NAV tipo Ficat-Arlet IV y es corregida mediante artroplastia total de cadera izquierda. Palabras claves: Necrosis Avascular de Cabeza de Fémur, VIH, Herida por arma de fuego.

  3. [Surgical treatment in otogenic facial nerve palsy].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Feng, Guo-Dong; Gao, Zhi-Qiang; Zhai, Meng-Yao; Lü, Wei; Qi, Fang; Jiang, Hong; Zha, Yang; Shen, Peng

    2008-06-01

    To study the character of facial nerve palsy due to four different auris diseases including chronic otitis media, Hunt syndrome, tumor and physical or chemical factors, and to discuss the principles of the surgical management of otogenic facial nerve palsy. The clinical characters of 24 patients with otogenic facial nerve palsy because of the four different auris diseases were retrospectively analyzed, all the cases were performed surgical management from October 1991 to March 2007. Facial nerve function was evaluated with House-Brackmann (HB) grading system. The 24 patients including 10 males and 14 females were analysis, of whom 12 cases due to cholesteatoma, 3 cases due to chronic otitis media, 3 cases due to Hunt syndrome, 2 cases resulted from acute otitis media, 2 cases due to physical or chemical factors and 2 cases due to tumor. All cases were treated with operations included facial nerve decompression, lesion resection with facial nerve decompression and lesion resection without facial nerve decompression, 1 patient's facial nerve was resected because of the tumor. According to HB grade system, I degree recovery was attained in 4 cases, while II degree in 10 cases, III degree in 6 cases, IV degree in 2 cases, V degree in 2 cases and VI degree in 1 case. Removing the lesions completely was the basic factor to the surgery of otogenic facial palsy, moreover, it was important to have facial nerve decompression soon after lesion removal.

  4. Facial identity and facial expression are initially integrated at visual perceptual stages of face processing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fisher, Katie; Towler, John; Eimer, Martin

    2016-01-08

    It is frequently assumed that facial identity and facial expression are analysed in functionally and anatomically distinct streams within the core visual face processing system. To investigate whether expression and identity interact during the visual processing of faces, we employed a sequential matching procedure where participants compared either the identity or the expression of two successively presented faces, and ignored the other irrelevant dimension. Repetitions versus changes of facial identity and expression were varied independently across trials, and event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during task performance. Irrelevant facial identity and irrelevant expression both interfered with performance in the expression and identity matching tasks. These symmetrical interference effects show that neither identity nor expression can be selectively ignored during face matching, and suggest that they are not processed independently. N250r components to identity repetitions that reflect identity matching mechanisms in face-selective visual cortex were delayed and attenuated when there was an expression change, demonstrating that facial expression interferes with visual identity matching. These findings provide new evidence for interactions between facial identity and expression within the core visual processing system, and question the hypothesis that these two attributes are processed independently. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  5. Traumatismo penetrante facial por arpón. A propósito de un caso

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    Pablo Veiga San Román

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Los traumatismos penetrantes causados por el disparo de un fusil de pesca submarina son extremadamente raros. El tratamiento quirúrgico está condicionado por el «mecanismo de barba», que impide una retirada segura de la flecha en sentido contrario al de su entrada, ya que la aleta del fusil provocaría graves daños. Presentamos un caso clínico y un sistema sencillo de bloqueo del retroceso de la aleta que permitió una retirada segura en sentido retrógrado.

  6. Perceptually Valid Facial Expressions for Character-Based Applications

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ali Arya

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available This paper addresses the problem of creating facial expression of mixed emotions in a perceptually valid way. The research has been done in the context of a “game-like” health and education applications aimed at studying social competency and facial expression awareness in autistic children as well as native language learning, but the results can be applied to many other applications such as games with need for dynamic facial expressions or tools for automating the creation of facial animations. Most existing methods for creating facial expressions of mixed emotions use operations like averaging to create the combined effect of two universal emotions. Such methods may be mathematically justifiable but are not necessarily valid from a perceptual point of view. The research reported here starts by user experiments aiming at understanding how people combine facial actions to express mixed emotions, and how the viewers perceive a set of facial actions in terms of underlying emotions. Using the results of these experiments and a three-dimensional emotion model, we associate facial actions to dimensions and regions in the emotion space, and create a facial expression based on the location of the mixed emotion in the three-dimensional space. We call these regionalized facial actions “facial expression units.”

  7. Intraoperative facial motor evoked potentials monitoring with transcranial electrical stimulation for preservation of facial nerve function in patients with large acoustic neuroma

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    LIU Bai-yun; TIAN Yong-ji; LIU Wen; LIU Shu-ling; QIAO Hui; ZHANG Jun-ting; JIA Gui-jun

    2007-01-01

    Background Although various monitoring techniques have been used routinely in the treatment of the lesions in the skull base, iatrogenic facial paresis or paralysis remains a significant clinical problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of intraoperative facial motor evoked potentials monitoring with transcranial electrical stimulation on preservation of facial nerve function.Method From January to November 2005, 19 patients with large acoustic neuroma were treated using intraoperative facial motor evoked potentials monitoring with transcranial electrical stimulation (TCEMEP) for preservation of facial nerve function. The relationship between the decrease of MEP amplitude after tumor removal and the postoperative function of the facial nerve was analyzed.Results MEP amplitude decreased more than 75% in 11 patients, of which 6 presented significant facial paralysis (H-B grade 3), and 5 had mild facial paralysis (H-B grade 2). In the other 8 patients, whose MEP amplitude decreased less than 75%, 1 experienced significant facial paralysis, 5 had mild facial paralysis, and 2 were normal.Conclusions Intraoperative TCEMEP can be used to predict postoperative function of the facial nerve. The decreased MEP amplitude above 75 % is an alarm point for possible severe facial paralysis.

  8. What do facial expressions of emotion express in young children? The relationship between facial display and EMG measures

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michela Balconi

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available The present paper explored the relationship between emotional facial response and electromyographic modulation in children when they observe facial expression of emotions. Facial responsiveness (evaluated by arousal and valence ratings and psychophysiological correlates (facial electromyography, EMG were analyzed when children looked at six facial expressions of emotions (happiness, anger, fear, sadness, surprise and disgust. About EMG measure, corrugator and zygomatic muscle activity was monitored in response to different emotional types. ANOVAs showed differences for both EMG and facial response across the subjects, as a function of different emotions. Specifically, some emotions were well expressed by all the subjects (such as happiness, anger and fear in terms of high arousal, whereas some others were less level arousal (such as sadness. Zygomatic activity was increased mainly for happiness, from one hand, corrugator activity was increased mainly for anger, fear and surprise, from the other hand. More generally, EMG and facial behavior were highly correlated each other, showing a “mirror” effect with respect of the observed faces.

  9. Facial Expression Recognition Through Machine Learning

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nazia Perveen

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available Facial expressions communicate non-verbal cues which play an important role in interpersonal relations. Automatic recognition of facial expressions can be an important element of normal human-machine interfaces it might likewise be utilized as a part of behavioral science and in clinical practice. In spite of the fact that people perceive facial expressions for all intents and purposes immediately solid expression recognition by machine is still a challenge. From the point of view of automatic recognition a facial expression can be considered to comprise of disfigurements of the facial parts and their spatial relations or changes in the faces pigmentation. Research into automatic recognition of the facial expressions addresses the issues encompassing the representation and arrangement of static or dynamic qualities of these distortions or face pigmentation. We get results by utilizing the CVIPtools. We have taken train data set of six facial expressions of three persons and for train data set purpose we have total border mask sample 90 and 30 border mask sample for test data set purpose and we use RST- Invariant features and texture features for feature analysis and then classified them by using k- Nearest Neighbor classification algorithm. The maximum accuracy is 90.

  10. Metodología para Detección de Características Faciales con Fines de Reconocimiento de Emociones

    OpenAIRE

    Gonzalez, C.; Rincon, S.; Quintero, O.L.; Restrepo, R.

    2014-01-01

    Se cree que la detección de emociones podrá llevar a determinar el estado de _animo de una persona e incluso un posible fraude. La detección de rasgos faciales claves para la detección de una emoción son de fácil reconocimiento para los humanos, pero la dificultad crece cuando se realiza por medio de software. Por este motivo, la presente investigación aborda el problema de detección mediante varias técnicas, identificando una en especial basada en las proporciones _áureas la cual robustece l...

  11. Traumatic facial nerve palsy: CT patterns of facial nerve canal fracture and correlation with clinical severity

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Seo, Jae Cheol; Kim, Sang Joon; Park, Hyun Min; Lee, Young Suk; Lee, Jee Young [College of Medicine, Dankook Univ., Chonan (Korea, Republic of)

    2002-07-01

    To analyse the patterns of facial nerve canal injury seen at temporal bone computed tomography (CT) in patients with traumatic facial nerve palsy and to correlate these with clinical manifestations and outcome. Thirty cases of temporal bone CT in 29 patients with traumatic facial nerve palsy were analyzed with regard to the patterns of facial nerve canal involvement. The patterns were correlated with clinical grade, the electroneurographic (ENoG) findings, and clinical outcome. For clinical grading, the House-Brackmann scale was used, as follows:grade I-IV, partial palsy group; grade V-VI, complete palsy group. The electroneuronographic findings were categorized as mild to moderate (below 90%) or severe (90% and over) degeneration. In 25 cases, the bony wall of the facial nerve canals was involved directly (direct finding): discontinuity of the bony wall was onted in 22 cases, bony spicules in ten, and bony wall displacement in five. Indirect findings were canal widening in nine cases and adjacent bone fracture in two. In one case, there were no direct or indirect findings. All cases in which there was complete palsy (n=8) showed one or more direct findings including spicules in six, while in the incomplete palsy group (n=22), 17 cases showed direct findings. In the severe degeneration group (n=13), on ENog, 12 cases demonstrated direct findings, including spicules in nine cases. In 24 patients, symptoms of facial palsy showed improvement at follow up evaluation. Four of the five patients in whom symptoms did not improve had spicules. Among ten patients with spicules, five underwent surgery and symptoms improved in four of these; among the five patients not operated on , symptoms did not improve in three. In most patients with facial palsy after temporal bone injury, temporal bone CT revealed direct or indirect facial nerve canal involvement, and in complete palsy or severe degeneration groups, there were direct findings in most cases. We believe that meticulous

  12. Intratemporal Facial Nerve Paralysis- A Three Year Study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anirban Ghosh

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available Introduction This study on intratemporal facial paralysis is an attempt to understand the aetiology of facial nerve paralysis, effect of different management protocols and the outcome after long-term follow-up. Materials and Methods A prospective longitudinal study was conducted from September 2005 to August 2008 at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of a medical college in Kolkata comprising 50 patients of intratemporal facial palsy. All cases were periodically followed up for at least 6 months and their prognostic outcome along with different treatment options were analyzed. Result Among different causes of facial palsy, Bell’s palsy is the commonest cause; whereas cholesteatoma and granulation were common findings in otogenic facial palsy. Traumatic facial palsies were exclusively due to longitudinal fracture of temporal bone running through geniculate ganglion. Herpes zoster oticus and neoplasia related facial palsies had significantly poorer outcome. Discussion Otogenic facial palsy showed excellent outcome after mastoid exploration and facial decompression. Transcanal decompression was performed in traumatic facial palsies showing inadequate recovery. Complete removal of cholesteatoma over dehiscent facial nerve gave better postoperative recovery. Conclusion The stapedial reflex test is the most objective and reproducible of all topodiagnostic tests. Return of the stapedial reflex within 3 weeks of injury indicates good prognosis. Bell’s palsy responded well to conservative measures. All traumatic facial palsies were due to longitudinal fracture and 2/3rd of these patients showed favourable outcome with medical therapy.

  13. Social Use of Facial Expressions in Hylobatids

    Science.gov (United States)

    Scheider, Linda; Waller, Bridget M.; Oña, Leonardo; Burrows, Anne M.; Liebal, Katja

    2016-01-01

    Non-human primates use various communicative means in interactions with others. While primate gestures are commonly considered to be intentionally and flexibly used signals, facial expressions are often referred to as inflexible, automatic expressions of affective internal states. To explore whether and how non-human primates use facial expressions in specific communicative interactions, we studied five species of small apes (gibbons) by employing a newly established Facial Action Coding System for hylobatid species (GibbonFACS). We found that, despite individuals often being in close proximity to each other, in social (as opposed to non-social contexts) the duration of facial expressions was significantly longer when gibbons were facing another individual compared to non-facing situations. Social contexts included grooming, agonistic interactions and play, whereas non-social contexts included resting and self-grooming. Additionally, gibbons used facial expressions while facing another individual more often in social contexts than non-social contexts where facial expressions were produced regardless of the attentional state of the partner. Also, facial expressions were more likely ‘responded to’ by the partner’s facial expressions when facing another individual than non-facing. Taken together, our results indicate that gibbons use their facial expressions differentially depending on the social context and are able to use them in a directed way in communicative interactions with other conspecifics. PMID:26978660

  14. Enhanced MRI in patients with facial palsy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yanagida, Masahiro; Kato, Tsutomu; Ushiro, Koichi; Kitajiri, Masanori; Yamashita, Toshio; Kumazawa, Tadami; Tanaka, Yoshimasa

    1991-01-01

    We performed Gd-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations at several stages in 40 patients with peripheral facial nerve palsy (Bell's palsy and Ramsay-Hunt syndrome). In 38 of the 40 patients, one and more enhanced region could be seen in certain portion of the facial nerve in the temporal bone on the affected side, whereas no enhanced regions were seen on the intact side. Correlations between the timing of the MRI examination and the location of the enhanced regions were analysed. In all 6 patients examined by MRI within 5 days after the onset of facial nerve palsy, enhanced regions were present in the meatal portion. In 3 of the 8 patients (38%) examined by MRI 6 to 10 days after the onset of facial palsy, enhanced areas were seen in both the meatal and labyrinthine portions. In 8 of the 9 patients (89%) tested 11 to 20 days after the onset of palsy, the vertical portion was enhanced. In the 12 patients examined by MRI 21 to 40 days after the onset of facial nerve palsy, the meatal portion was not enhanced while the labyrinthine portion, the horizontal portion and the vertical portion were enhanced in 5 (42%), 8 (67%) and 11 (92%), respectively. Enhancement in the vertical portion was observed in all 5 patients examined more than 41 days after the onset of facial palsy. These results suggest that the central portion of the facial nerve in the temporal bone tends to be enhanced in the early stage of facial nerve palsy, while the peripheral portion is enhanced in the late stage. These changes of Gd-DTPA enhanced regions in the facial nerve may suggest dromic degeneration of the facial nerve in peripheral facial nerve palsy. (author)

  15. Influence of gravity upon some facial signs.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Flament, F; Bazin, R; Piot, B

    2015-06-01

    Facial clinical signs and their integration are the basis of perception than others could have from ourselves, noticeably the age they imagine we are. Facial modifications in motion and their objective measurements before and after application of skin regimen are essential to go further in evaluation capacities to describe efficacy in facial dynamics. Quantification of facial modifications vis à vis gravity will allow us to answer about 'control' of facial shape in daily activities. Standardized photographs of the faces of 30 Caucasian female subjects of various ages (24-73 year) were successively taken at upright and supine positions within a short time interval. All these pictures were therefore reframed - any bias due to facial features was avoided when evaluating one single sign - for clinical quotation by trained experts of several facial signs regarding published standardized photographic scales. For all subjects, the supine position increased facial width but not height, giving a more fuller appearance to the face. More importantly, the supine position changed the severity of facial ageing features (e.g. wrinkles) compared to an upright position and whether these features were attenuated or exacerbated depended on their facial location. Supine station mostly modifies signs of the lower half of the face whereas those of the upper half appear unchanged or slightly accentuated. These changes appear much more marked in the older groups, where some deep labial folds almost vanish. These alterations decreased the perceived ages of the subjects by an average of 3.8 years. Although preliminary, this study suggests that a 90° rotation of the facial skin vis à vis gravity induces rapid rearrangements among which changes in tensional forces within and across the face, motility of interstitial free water among underlying skin tissue and/or alterations of facial Langer lines, likely play a significant role. © 2015 Society of Cosmetic Scientists and the Société Fran

  16. Regional Brain Responses Are Biased Toward Infant Facial Expressions Compared to Adult Facial Expressions in Nulliparous Women.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Bingbing; Cheng, Gang; Zhang, Dajun; Wei, Dongtao; Qiao, Lei; Wang, Xiangpeng; Che, Xianwei

    2016-01-01

    Recent neuroimaging studies suggest that neutral infant faces compared to neutral adult faces elicit greater activity in brain areas associated with face processing, attention, empathic response, reward, and movement. However, whether infant facial expressions evoke larger brain responses than adult facial expressions remains unclear. Here, we performed event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging in nulliparous women while they were presented with images of matched unfamiliar infant and adult facial expressions (happy, neutral, and uncomfortable/sad) in a pseudo-randomized order. We found that the bilateral fusiform and right lingual gyrus were overall more activated during the presentation of infant facial expressions compared to adult facial expressions. Uncomfortable infant faces compared to sad adult faces evoked greater activation in the bilateral fusiform gyrus, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, posterior cingulate cortex-thalamus, and precuneus. Neutral infant faces activated larger brain responses in the left fusiform gyrus compared to neutral adult faces. Happy infant faces compared to happy adult faces elicited larger responses in areas of the brain associated with emotion and reward processing using a more liberal threshold of p facial expressions compared to adult facial expressions among nulliparous women, and this bias may be modulated by individual differences in Interest-In-Infants and perspective taking ability.

  17. [Idiopathic facial paralysis in children].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Achour, I; Chakroun, A; Ayedi, S; Ben Rhaiem, Z; Mnejja, M; Charfeddine, I; Hammami, B; Ghorbel, A

    2015-05-01

    Idiopathic facial palsy is the most common cause of facial nerve palsy in children. Controversy exists regarding treatment options. The objectives of this study were to review the epidemiological and clinical characteristics as well as the outcome of idiopathic facial palsy in children to suggest appropriate treatment. A retrospective study was conducted on children with a diagnosis of idiopathic facial palsy from 2007 to 2012. A total of 37 cases (13 males, 24 females) with a mean age of 13.9 years were included in this analysis. The mean duration between onset of Bell's palsy and consultation was 3 days. Of these patients, 78.3% had moderately severe (grade IV) or severe paralysis (grade V on the House and Brackmann grading). Twenty-seven patients were treated in an outpatient context, three patients were hospitalized, and seven patients were treated as outpatients and subsequently hospitalized. All patients received corticosteroids. Eight of them also received antiviral treatment. The complete recovery rate was 94.6% (35/37). The duration of complete recovery was 7.4 weeks. Children with idiopathic facial palsy have a very good prognosis. The complete recovery rate exceeds 90%. However, controversy exists regarding treatment options. High-quality studies have been conducted on adult populations. Medical treatment based on corticosteroids alone or combined with antiviral treatment is certainly effective in improving facial function outcomes in adults. In children, the recommendation for prescription of steroids and antiviral drugs based on adult treatment appears to be justified. Randomized controlled trials in the pediatric population are recommended to define a strategy for management of idiopathic facial paralysis. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

  18. Uso de los antisépticos en atención primaria

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. Isabel Gutiérrez Pérez

    2014-05-01

    Otro uso de los antisépticos es el cuidado de heridas producidas por la implantación de objetos dentro de la estética corporal (piercing y similares, siendo recomendable el empleo de antisépticos transparentes que permitan observar la evolución de la técnica.

  19. Processamento da rede neocognitron para reconhecimento facial em ambiente de alto desempenho GPU

    OpenAIRE

    Gustavo Poli Lameirão da Silva

    2007-01-01

    Neste trabalho é apresentada a implementação da Rede Neural Neocognitron, usando uma arquitetura de computação de alto desempenho baseada em GPU (Graphics Processing Unit). O Neocognitron é uma rede neural artificial, proposta por Fukushima e colaboradores, constituída de vários estágios de camadas de neurônios, organizados em matrizes bidimensionais denominadas planos celulares. Para o processamento de alto desempenho da aplicação de reconhecimento facial usando neocognitron foi utilizado o ...

  20. Reconstruction of facial nerve injuries in children.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fattah, Adel; Borschel, Gregory H; Zuker, Ron M

    2011-05-01

    Facial nerve trauma is uncommon in children, and many spontaneously recover some function; nonetheless, loss of facial nerve activity leads to functional impairment of ocular and oral sphincters and nasal orifice. In many cases, the impediment posed by facial asymmetry and reduced mimetic function more significantly affects the child's psychosocial interactions. As such, reconstruction of the facial nerve affords great benefits in quality of life. The therapeutic strategy is dependent on numerous factors, including the cause of facial nerve injury, the deficit, the prognosis for recovery, and the time elapsed since the injury. The options for treatment include a diverse range of surgical techniques including static lifts and slings, nerve repairs, nerve grafts and nerve transfers, regional, and microvascular free muscle transfer. We review our strategies for addressing facial nerve injuries in children.

  1. Reconstrucción de Piso Orbitario con esclera en Fracturas del Tercio Medio. Presentación de caso

    OpenAIRE

    Alexis A. Amador-Velázquez; Martha Rodríguez-Milord; Reynaldo Oro-Canelles

    2011-01-01

    Presentó un caso el cual fue víctima de una agresión con un objeto cortante que le produjo una fractura compleja del tercio medio facial provocándole una Fractura Le Fort III unilateral izquierda y Le Fort II unilateral derecha con herida perforante y extensa en globo ocular izquierdo que fue necesario realizar su eviseración, extrayendo de este un fragmento de esclera del segmento anterior de mas menos 1cm de largo para reparar una fractura mediana en piso orbital derecho logrando su fijaci...

  2. Gd-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging in facial nerve paralysis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tien, R.D.; Dillon, W.P.

    1989-01-01

    GD-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging was used to evaluate 11 patients with facial nerve paralysis (five acute idiopathic facial palsy (Bell palsy), three chronic recurrent facial palsy, one acute facial palsy after local radiation therapy, one chronic facial dyskinesia, and one facial neuroma). In eight of 11 patients, there was marked enhancement of the infratemporal facial nerve from the labyrinthine segment to the stylomastoid foramen. Two patients had additional contrast enhancement in the internal auditory canal segment. In one patient, enhancement persisted (but to a lesser degree) 8 weeks after symptoms had resolved. In one patient, no enhancement was seen 15 months after resolution of Bell palsy. The facial neuroma was seen as a focal nodular enhancement in the mastoid segment of the facial nerve

  3. Facial Animations: Future Research Directions & Challenges

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alkawaz, Mohammed Hazim; Mohamad, Dzulkifli; Rehman, Amjad; Basori, Ahmad Hoirul

    2014-06-01

    Nowadays, computer facial animation is used in a significant multitude fields that brought human and social to study the computer games, films and interactive multimedia reality growth. Authoring the computer facial animation, complex and subtle expressions are challenging and fraught with problems. As a result, the current most authored using universal computer animation techniques often limit the production quality and quantity of facial animation. With the supplement of computer power, facial appreciative, software sophistication and new face-centric methods emerging are immature in nature. Therefore, this paper concentrates to define and managerially categorize current and emerged surveyed facial animation experts to define the recent state of the field, observed bottlenecks and developing techniques. This paper further presents a real-time simulation model of human worry and howling with detail discussion about their astonish, sorrow, annoyance and panic perception.

  4. Ultraestrutura do nervo facial intratemporal em pacientes com paralisia facial idiopática: estudo de evidências de infecção viral Intratemporal facial nerve ultrastructure in patients with idiopathic facial paralysis: viral infection evidence study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosangela Aló Maluza Florez

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available A etiologia da paralisia facial periférica idiopática (PFPI ainda é uma incógnita, no entanto, alguns autores aventam a possibilidade de ser uma infecção viral. OBJETIVO: Analisar a ultraestrutura do nervo facial procurando evidências virais que possam nos fornecer dados etiológicos. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foram estudados 20 pacientes com PFP, com graus de moderado a severo, de ambos os sexos, entre 18-60 anos, provenientes de Ambulatório de Distúrbios do Nervo Facial. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: Estudo, onze pacientes com PFPI e Controle, nove pacientes com Paralisia Facial Periférica Traumática ou Tumoral. Foram estudados fragmentos de bainha do nervo facial ou fragmentos de seus cotos, que durante a cirurgia de reparação do nervo facial, seriam desprezados ou encaminhados para estudo anatomopatológico. O tecido foi fixado em glutaraldeído 2% e analisado em Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão. RESULTADO: Observamos no grupo estudo atividade celular intensa de reparação com aumento de fibras colágenas, fibroblastos com organelas desenvolvidas, isentos de partículas virais. No grupo controle esta atividade de reparação não foi evidente, mas também não foram observadas partículas virais. CONCLUSÃO: Não foram encontradas partículas virais, no entanto, houve evidências de intensa atividade de reparação ou infecção viral.The etiology of idiopathic peripheral facial palsy (IPFP is still uncertain; however, some authors suggest the possibility of a viral infection. AIM: to analyze the ultrastructure of the facial nerve seeking viral evidences that might provide etiological data. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied 20 patients with peripheral facial palsy (PFP, with moderate to severe FP, of both genders, between 18-60 years of age, from the Clinic of Facial Nerve Disorders. The patients were broken down into two groups - Study: eleven patients with IPFP and Control: nine patients with trauma or tumor

  5. A influência da redução do espaço nasofaringeano na morfologia facial de pré-adolescentes Nasopharyngeal reduction influence in facial morphology of preadolescents

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ary dos Santos-Pinto

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available A redução do espaço nasofaringeano devido à hipertrofia adenoideana leva a adaptações posturais da cabeça, mandíbula, língua e lábios, podendo causar alterações no padrão esquelético facial. Foram coletadas 98 teleradiografias em norma lateral de pré-adolescentes na faixa etária de 7 a 10 anos na Clínica de Ortodontia da F.O. Araraquara, as quais foram selecionadas levando-se em consideração a dimensão da imagem do espaço nasofaringeano (ENF (correspondente à menor distância do dorso do palato mole à parede faringeana posterior. As radiografias foram divididas em 3 grupos: Grupo I (estreito, ENF entre 1,7 e 5,1mm; Grupo II (médio, ENF entre 5,2 e 7,6mm; Grupo III (amplo, ENF entre 7,7 e 12,9mm. Utilizamos duas medidas angulares e seis medidas lineares para caracterizar a morfologia facial. As médias e o desvio padrão de cada medida efetuada foram obtidas, e por meio de teste de análise de variância (ANOVA, verificou-se diferença não significativa entre os grupos para as variáveis: ANperp, p=0,07; PgNperp, p=0,058, comprimento mandibular, p=0,15, comprimento maxilar, p=0,06, diferença maxilomandibular, p=0,98, eixo facial, p=0,96, altura facial inferior, p=0,84 e significativa na variável plano mandibular (pThe nasopharyngeal reduction consequent to a adenoid obstruction is reponsible to postural adaptions of the head, mandible, tongue and lips and may also lead to facial skeleton pattern alterations. Ninety-eight lateral cephalometric X-rays of 7 to 10 years old preadolescents were used considering the nasopharyngeal space width (NSW, that was correspondent to the minor distance between the soft palate and posterior nasopharyngeal wall. The radiographs were divided into 3 groups: Group I (narrow, NSW between 1.7 and 5.1mm; Group II (median, NSW between 5.2 and 7.6mm; Group III (extensive NSW between 7.7 and 12.9mm. Two angular and six linear measurements were used to characterize the facial morphology. The means

  6. The identification of unfolding facial expressions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fiorentini, Chiara; Schmidt, Susanna; Viviani, Paolo

    2012-01-01

    We asked whether the identification of emotional facial expressions (FEs) involves the simultaneous perception of the facial configuration or the detection of emotion-specific diagnostic cues. We recorded at high speed (500 frames s-1) the unfolding of the FE in five actors, each expressing six emotions (anger, surprise, happiness, disgust, fear, sadness). Recordings were coded every 10 frames (20 ms of real time) with the Facial Action Coding System (FACS, Ekman et al 2002, Salt Lake City, UT: Research Nexus eBook) to identify the facial actions contributing to each expression, and their intensity changes over time. Recordings were shown in slow motion (1/20 of recording speed) to one hundred observers in a forced-choice identification task. Participants were asked to identify the emotion during the presentation as soon as they felt confident to do so. Responses were recorded along with the associated response times (RTs). The RT probability density functions for both correct and incorrect responses were correlated with the facial activity during the presentation. There were systematic correlations between facial activities, response probabilities, and RT peaks, and significant differences in RT distributions for correct and incorrect answers. The results show that a reliable response is possible long before the full FE configuration is reached. This suggests that identification is reached by integrating in time individual diagnostic facial actions, and does not require perceiving the full apex configuration.

  7. Evolution of facial color pattern complexity in lemurs.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rakotonirina, Hanitriniaina; Kappeler, Peter M; Fichtel, Claudia

    2017-11-09

    Interspecific variation in facial color patterns across New and Old World primates has been linked to species recognition and group size. Because group size has opposite effects on interspecific variation in facial color patterns in these two radiations, a study of the third large primate radiation may shed light on convergences and divergences in this context. We therefore compiled published social and ecological data and analyzed facial photographs of 65 lemur species to categorize variation in hair length, hair and skin coloration as well as color brightness. Phylogenetically controlled analyses revealed that group size and the number of sympatric species did not influence the evolution of facial color complexity in lemurs. Climatic factors, however, influenced facial color complexity, pigmentation and hair length in a few facial regions. Hair length in two facial regions was also correlated with group size and may facilitate individual recognition. Since phylogenetic signals were moderate to high for most models, genetic drift may have also played a role in the evolution of facial color patterns of lemurs. In conclusion, social factors seem to have played only a subordinate role in the evolution of facial color complexity in lemurs, and, more generally, group size appears to have no systematic functional effect on facial color complexity across all primates.

  8. Control de accesos mediante reconocimiento facial

    OpenAIRE

    Rodríguez Rodríguez, Bruno

    2011-01-01

    En esta memoria expone el trabajo que se ha llevado a cabo para intentar crear un sistema de reconocimiento facial. This paper outlines the work carried out in the attempt of creating a facial recognition system. En aquesta memòria exposa el treball que s'ha dut a terme en l'intent de crear un sistema de reconeixement facial.

  9. Dermal fillers for facial soft tissue augmentation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dastoor, Sarosh F; Misch, Carl E; Wang, Hom-Lay

    2007-01-01

    Nowadays, patients are demanding not only enhancement to their dental (micro) esthetics, but also their overall facial (macro) esthetics. Soft tissue augmentation via dermal filling agents may be used to correct facial defects such as wrinkles caused by age, gravity, and trauma; thin lips; asymmetrical facial appearances; buccal fold depressions; and others. This article will review the pathogenesis of facial wrinkles, history, techniques, materials, complications, and clinical controversies regarding dermal fillers for soft tissue augmentation.

  10. Nablus mask-like facial syndrome

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Allanson, Judith; Smith, Amanda; Hare, Heather

    2012-01-01

    Nablus mask-like facial syndrome (NMLFS) has many distinctive phenotypic features, particularly tight glistening skin with reduced facial expression, blepharophimosis, telecanthus, bulky nasal tip, abnormal external ear architecture, upswept frontal hairline, and sparse eyebrows. Over the last few...

  11. Face Processing in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Independent or Interactive Processing of Facial Identity and Facial Expression?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Krebs, Julia F.; Biswas, Ajanta; Pascalis, Olivier; Kamp-Becker, Inge; Remschmidt, Helmuth; Schwarzer, Gudrun

    2011-01-01

    The current study investigated if deficits in processing emotional expression affect facial identity processing and vice versa in children with autism spectrum disorder. Children with autism and IQ and age matched typically developing children classified faces either by emotional expression, thereby ignoring facial identity or by facial identity…

  12. Fractional CO2 laser resurfacing of photoaged facial and non-facial skin: histologic and clinical results and side effects.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sasaki, Gordon H; Travis, Heather M; Tucker, Barbara

    2009-12-01

    CO(2) fractional ablation offers the potential for facial and non-facial skin resurfacing with minimal downtime and rapid recovery. The purpose of this study was (i) to document the average depths and density of adnexal structures in non-lasered facial and non-facial body skin; (ii) to determine injury in ex vivo human thigh skin with varying fractional laser modes; and (iii) to evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of treatments. Histologies were obtained from non-lasered facial and non-facial skin from 121 patients and from 14 samples of excised lasered thigh skin. Seventy-one patients were evaluated after varying energy (mJ) and density settings by superficial ablation, deeper penetration, and combined treatment. Skin thickness and adnexal density in non-lasered skin exhibited variable ranges: epidermis (47-105 mum); papillary dermis (61-105 mum); reticular dermis (983-1986 mum); hair follicles (2-14/ HPF); sebaceous glands (2-23/HPF); sweat glands (2-7/HPF). Histological studies of samples from human thigh skin demonstrated that increased fluencies in the superficial, deep and combined mode resulted in predictable deeper levels of ablations and thermal injury. An increase in density settings results in total ablation of the epidermis. Clinical improvement of rhytids and pigmentations in facial and non-facial skin was proportional to increasing energy and density settings. Patient assessments and clinical gradings by the Wilcoxon's test of outcomes correlated with more aggressive settings. Prior knowledge of normal skin depths and adnexal densities, as well as ex vivo skin laser-injury profiles at varying fluencies and densities, improve the safety and efficiency of fractional CO(2) for photorejuvenation of facial and non-facial skin.

  13. Sympathicotomy for isolated facial blushing

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Licht, Peter Bjørn; Pilegaard, Hans K; Ladegaard, Lars

    2012-01-01

    Background. Facial blushing is one of the most peculiar of human expressions. The pathophysiology is unclear, and the prevalence is unknown. Thoracoscopic sympathectomy may cure the symptom and is increasingly used in patients with isolated facial blushing. The evidence base for the optimal level...... of targeting the sympathetic chain is limited to retrospective case studies. We present a randomized clinical trial. Methods. 100 patients were randomized (web-based, single-blinded) to rib-oriented (R2 or R2-R3) sympathicotomy for isolated facial blushing at two university hospitals during a 6-year period...... between R2 and R2-R3 sympathicotomy for isolated facial blushing. Both were effective, and QOL increased significantly. Despite very frequent side effects, the vast majority of patients were satisfied. Surprisingly, many patients experienced mild recurrent symptoms within the first year; this should...

  14. Facial nerve paralysis in children

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ciorba, Andrea; Corazzi, Virginia; Conz, Veronica; Bianchini, Chiara; Aimoni, Claudia

    2015-01-01

    Facial nerve palsy is a condition with several implications, particularly when occurring in childhood. It represents a serious clinical problem as it causes significant concerns in doctors because of its etiology, its treatment options and its outcome, as well as in little patients and their parents, because of functional and aesthetic outcomes. There are several described causes of facial nerve paralysis in children, as it can be congenital (due to delivery traumas and genetic or malformative diseases) or acquired (due to infective, inflammatory, neoplastic, traumatic or iatrogenic causes). Nonetheless, in approximately 40%-75% of the cases, the cause of unilateral facial paralysis still remains idiopathic. A careful diagnostic workout and differential diagnosis are particularly recommended in case of pediatric facial nerve palsy, in order to establish the most appropriate treatment, as the therapeutic approach differs in relation to the etiology. PMID:26677445

  15. Restoring facial shape in face lifting: the role of skeletal support in facial analysis and midface soft-tissue repositioning.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stuzin, James M

    2007-01-01

    Aesthetic analysis in facial rejuvenation has traditionally been subordinate to technical solutions. While concerns regarding correction of facial laxity, a reduction in the depth of the nasolabial fold, and improvement of both the jowl and the jawline are worthy goals in rhytidectomy, the aesthetic concept of restoring facial shape to a more youthful appearance is equally important. Restoring facial shape in face lifting requires an understanding of how the face ages and then the formulation of a treatment plan that is individualized for the patient. Re-establishment of facial contour is significantly influenced by the re-elevation of descended facial fat through superficial musculoaponeurotic system manipulation; it can be approached through a variety of technical solutions. Underlying skeletal support affects not only the appearance of the face in youth but also how the face ages and influences the operative plan in terms of the requirements for fat repositioning. Formulating a treatment plan that is patient specific and based on the artistic goals as influenced by skeletal support is the key element for consistency in restoring facial shape in face lifting.

  16. Facial recognition in education system

    Science.gov (United States)

    Krithika, L. B.; Venkatesh, K.; Rathore, S.; Kumar, M. Harish

    2017-11-01

    Human beings exploit emotions comprehensively for conveying messages and their resolution. Emotion detection and face recognition can provide an interface between the individuals and technologies. The most successful applications of recognition analysis are recognition of faces. Many different techniques have been used to recognize the facial expressions and emotion detection handle varying poses. In this paper, we approach an efficient method to recognize the facial expressions to track face points and distances. This can automatically identify observer face movements and face expression in image. This can capture different aspects of emotion and facial expressions.

  17. Three-dimensional cranio-facial computed tomography

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Pozzi Muccelli, R; Stagul, F; Pozzi Muccelli, F; Zuiani, C; Smathers, R

    1986-01-01

    Computed tomography allows today to reconstruct three-dimensional (eD) images fram axial scans. The authors report their experience in cranio-facial pathology achived in two Departments of Radiology (University of Trieste, Italy and University of Standford, California). 3D images have been realized using two different softwares, one of which allows to reconstruct both soft tissue and bone structures. The application in maxillo-facial traumas, cranio-facial malformations and head tumours are disscussed. 3D images turned out to be very useful for the optimal visualization and for the spatial demostration of the lesion and have potential applications in cranio-facial surgery and radiotherapy.

  18. Three-dimensional cranio-facial computed tomography

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pozzi Muccelli, R.; Stagul, F.; Pozzi Muccelli, F.; Zuiani, C.; Smathers, R.

    1986-01-01

    Computed tomography allows today to reconstruct three-dimensional (eD) images fram axial scans. The authors report their experience in cranio-facial pathology achived in two Departments of Radiology (University of Trieste, Italy and University of Standford, California). 3D images have been realized using two different softwares, one of which allows to reconstruct both soft tissue and bone structures. The application in maxillo-facial traumas, cranio-facial malformations and head tumours are disscussed. 3D images turned out to be very useful for the optimal visualization and for the spatial demostration of the lesion and have potential applications in cranio-facial surgery and radiotherapy

  19. Evaluación de la infiltración con bupivacaína en el manejo del dolor postsafenectomía en pacientes sometidos a cirugía de revascularización coronaria

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Manuel Luque Oliveros

    2018-01-01

    Conclusiones: Los pacientes que fueron infiltrados con 50 mg de bupivacaína extendida por la herida quirúrgica postsafenectomía presentaron menor intensidad de dolor del miembro inferior seleccionado, tanto en reposo como en movimiento durante el postoperatorio, en comparación con los que no se les infiltró nada.

  20. Diagnosis and surgical outcomes of intraparotid facial nerve schwannoma showing normal facial nerve function.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, D W; Byeon, H K; Chung, H P; Choi, E C; Kim, S-H; Park, Y M

    2013-07-01

    The findings of intraparotid facial nerve schwannoma (FNS) using preoperative diagnostic tools, including ultrasonography (US)-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy, computed tomography (CT) scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), were analyzed to determine if there are any useful findings that might suggest the presence of a lesion. Treatment guidelines are suggested. The medical records of 15 patients who were diagnosed with an intraparotid FNS were retrospectively analyzed. US and CT scans provide clinicians with only limited information; gadolinium enhanced T1-weighted images from MRI provide more specific findings. Tumors could be removed successfully with surgical exploration, preserving facial nerve function at the same time. Gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted MRI showed more characteristic findings for the diagnosis of intraparotid FNS. Intraparotid FNS without facial palsy can be diagnosed with MRI preoperatively, and surgical exploration is a suitable treatment modality which can remove the tumor and preserve facial nerve function. Crown Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  1. Comportamiento clínico de la celulitis facial odontógena. Hospital Universitario "General Calixto García" Clinical behavior of odontogenic facial cellulitis: "General Calixto García" University Hospital

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Denia Morales Navarro

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available Las infecciones dentarias afectan a un gran número de personas a nivel mundial, a pesar de ser prevenibles, por lo que nos sentimos motivados a realizar un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal para caracterizar el comportamiento de la celulitis facial odontogénica en los pacientes hospitalizados en el Hospital "General Calixto García". La muestra estuvo constituida por 75 pacientes que presentaron síntomas y signos de celulitis para lo cual se les realizó un minucioso examen físico general y regional, tanto extraoral como intraoral. El sexo masculino resultó ser el más afectado con 42 pacientes y el grupo de edades más dañado fue el de 35 a 59 años. La región anatómica superficial externa mentoniana estuvo involucrada en 36 casos. La misma región mentoniana pero en su porción vestibular inferior se destacó con 51 pacientes. De las regiones anatómicas profundas, la submandibular predominó en 51 individuos para un 68,0 %. Predominó la pulpa dental necrótica y los restos radiculares como mecanismos patogénicos fundamentales. El diagnóstico clínico de celulitis facial odontógena moderada resaltó en 40 pacientes (53,3 %.Dental infections involved many persons at worldwide level, being in many occasions avoidable, thus, a cross-sectional, descriptive and observational study was conducted to characterize the odontogenic facial cellulitis course in patients admitted in "General Calixto García" University Hospital. Sample included 75 patients with symptoms and signs of cellulitis underwent a meticulous intraoral and extraoral regional and general physical examination, where male sex was the more involved with 42 patients and the age group of 35-39 years with 35 patients. The menton external superficial anatomical region includes 36 cases, and of this kind but the internal one, the inferior vestibular sulcus had 51 cases. From the deep anatomical regions, the submandibular one had 51 cases for a 68.0 % with

  2. Agency and facial emotion judgment in context.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ito, Kenichi; Masuda, Takahiko; Li, Liman Man Wai

    2013-06-01

    Past research showed that East Asians' belief in holism was expressed as their tendencies to include background facial emotions into the evaluation of target faces more than North Americans. However, this pattern can be interpreted as North Americans' tendency to downplay background facial emotions due to their conceptualization of facial emotion as volitional expression of internal states. Examining this alternative explanation, we investigated whether different types of contextual information produce varying degrees of effect on one's face evaluation across cultures. In three studies, European Canadians and East Asians rated the intensity of target facial emotions surrounded with either affectively salient landscape sceneries or background facial emotions. The results showed that, although affectively salient landscapes influenced the judgment of both cultural groups, only European Canadians downplayed the background facial emotions. The role of agency as differently conceptualized across cultures and multilayered systems of cultural meanings are discussed.

  3. Valor educativo y generalización del grupo "Alas por la vida" Educational value and generalization of "Alas por la Vida"

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alexis Hugo Cantero Ronquillo

    2012-03-01

    Full Text Available En el tratamiento del cáncer de mama, además de la agresión quirúrgica, en ocasiones mutilante, seguida o precedida por las molestias inherentes a los tratamientos oncoespecíficos, a veces persisten "heridas", que aunque invisibles, no siempre cierran totalmente, y afectan durante mucho tiempo, o toda la vida, a un grupo importante de pacientes y familiares cercanos. El proyecto "Alas por la vida" propone nuevas alternativas en el tratamiento de la mujer con cáncer de mama, que puedan prepararla para una nueva etapa, y vivir con el estatus de enferma crónica, que no refleje invalidez en el desempeño de sus funciones, que alcance la recuperación de su equilibrio biopsicosocial, y, consecuentemente, el disfrute de una adecuada calidad de vida. Mediante intercambios entre sobrevivientes de la enfermedad, familiares y profesionales, charlas científicas, sesiones de preguntas y respuestas, reflexiones de operadas en su lucha contra el cáncer de mama y también de sus esposos, así como con actividades socioculturales, etc., se han logrado resultados muy positivos por este grupo, lo que se refleja en encuestas realizadas a tal efecto. El Grupo de Apoyo a Pacientes Mastectomizadas "Alas por la vida", ha resultado ser un instrumento muy útil para elevar la autoestima y mejorar la calidad de vida de las sobrevivientes, que a la vez ha fortalecido y humanizado nuestra lucha contra el cáncer de mama, y se han aglutinando crecientemente más seguidores en esta noble causa, por lo que recomendamos se organicen proyectos similares en todas las provincias del país.In the treatment of beast cancer besides the surgical aggression occasionally mutilating followed or precedes by the molecules inherent to specific oncologic treatments, sometimes the "wounds" persist that although invisibles, not always are totally closed involving for much time or for life to a significant group of patients and close relatives.The project "Alas por la Vida" proposes

  4. El dolor, quinto signo vital

    OpenAIRE

    Universidad del Rosario, Programa de Divulgación Científica

    2006-01-01

    Las heridas producidas por trauma a causa del proyectil de un arma de fuego en los enfrentamientos bélicos que se ven a diario en la prensa, las lesiones por elementos contundentes en riñas, las amputaciones derivadas de las lesiones de guerra y el dolor del alma de aquellas personas que pierden a sus seres queridos, son algunos de los focos de dolor a los que se enfrentan cientos de colombianos. El sufrimiento por dolor es un problema de salud pública. En los Estados Unidos más de 300 mi...

  5. COMPORTAMIENTO ESPACIAL DE TRIPS (INSECTA: THYSANOPTERA), EN PLANTACIONES COMERCIALES DE AGUACATE (PERSEA AMERICANA MILL.) EN ZITÁCUARO, MICHOACÁN, MÉXICO

    OpenAIRE

    José Francisco RAMÍREZ DÁVILA

    2013-01-01

    México es el principal productor y exportador de aguacate en el mundo. Los trips son considerados como una de las principales plagas del aguacate en México, debido a su asociación con la enfermedad denominada roña del fruto, causada por el hongo Elsinoe perseae. Esta enfermedad representa una fuerte limitante a la producción del cultivo; el hongo penetra la fruta por las heridas causadas por el complejo de varias especies de trips. El análisis del comportamiento espacial de esta plaga proporc...

  6. [Multidisciplinary approach of facial injuries

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Dubois, L.; Schreurs, R.; Lapid, O.; Saeed, P.; Adriaensen, G.F.; Hoefnagels, F.M.; Jong, V.M. de

    2017-01-01

    BACKGROUND: Approximately one quarter of polytrauma patients has facial injuries, which usually lead to loss of form and function. Several specialties are involved in the acute and reconstructive phases of facial injuries, such as oral and maxillofacial surgery, otorhinolaryngology, plastic surgery,

  7. O cuidado de enfermagem em situações de alteração da imagem facial El cuidado de enfermería en situaciones de alteración de la imagen facial Nursing care in situations of facial image alteration

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sadja Cristina Tassinari de Souza Mostardeiro

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available A pesquisa analisou a percepção de pacientes, acadêmicas de enfermagem e docentes, quanto ao cuidado frente à alteração da imagem facial, suas implicações no processo formativo. Caracterizou-se pela abordagem qualitativa exploratória, realizada em um hospital universitário em Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, entre julho de 2008 e abril de 2009. Participaram seis pacientes com alteração da imagem facial, sete acadêmicas de Enfermagem e cinco docentes. Utilizou-se entrevistas semi-estruturadas e grupo focal. As informações organizadas e submetidas à técnica de análise de conteúdo. Evidenciou-se duas categorias: significado da imagem facial alterada e formação do enfermeiro e o cuidado. O cuidado a esses pacientes é percebido como uma vivência complexa, difícil e impactante constituindo-se oportunidades ímpares para o desenvolvimento das competências necessárias para a formação da enfermeira. Constatou-se a necessidade de inserção de temáticas durante a formação que abordem temas pertinentes às necessidades dos acadêmicos, possibilitando aos mesmos refletirem sobre o vivido no curso.La investigación analizó la percepción de pacientes, académicas de enfermería y docentes, cuanto al cuidado frente a la alteración de la imagen facial, implicaciones en el proceso de formación. Una abordaje cualitativo exploratorio, en un hospital universitario en Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, entre julio de 2008 y abril de 2009. Participaron seis pacientes con alteración de la imagen facial, siete académicas y cinco docentes. Utilizaron entrevistas semi estructuradas y grupo focal. Las informaciones organizadas por el técnica de análisis de contenido. Se evidenciaron dos categorías: significado de la imagen facial alterada y formación del enfermero y el cuidado. El cuidado es percibido como una vivencia compleja, difícil e impactante constituyéndose oportunidades impares para el desarrollo de las competencias

  8. Marker optimization for facial motion acquisition and deformation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Le, Binh H; Zhu, Mingyang; Deng, Zhigang

    2013-11-01

    A long-standing problem in marker-based facial motion capture is what are the optimal facial mocap marker layouts. Despite its wide range of potential applications, this problem has not yet been systematically explored to date. This paper describes an approach to compute optimized marker layouts for facial motion acquisition as optimization of characteristic control points from a set of high-resolution, ground-truth facial mesh sequences. Specifically, the thin-shell linear deformation model is imposed onto the example pose reconstruction process via optional hard constraints such as symmetry and multiresolution constraints. Through our experiments and comparisons, we validate the effectiveness, robustness, and accuracy of our approach. Besides guiding minimal yet effective placement of facial mocap markers, we also describe and demonstrate its two selected applications: marker-based facial mesh skinning and multiresolution facial performance capture.

  9. Computer facial animation

    CERN Document Server

    Parke, Frederic I

    2008-01-01

    This comprehensive work provides the fundamentals of computer facial animation and brings into sharper focus techniques that are becoming mainstream in the industry. Over the past decade, since the publication of the first edition, there have been significant developments by academic research groups and in the film and games industries leading to the development of morphable face models, performance driven animation, as well as increasingly detailed lip-synchronization and hair modeling techniques. These topics are described in the context of existing facial animation principles. The second ed

  10. Measuring facial expression of emotion.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wolf, Karsten

    2015-12-01

    Research into emotions has increased in recent decades, especially on the subject of recognition of emotions. However, studies of the facial expressions of emotion were compromised by technical problems with visible video analysis and electromyography in experimental settings. These have only recently been overcome. There have been new developments in the field of automated computerized facial recognition; allowing real-time identification of facial expression in social environments. This review addresses three approaches to measuring facial expression of emotion and describes their specific contributions to understanding emotion in the healthy population and in persons with mental illness. Despite recent progress, studies on human emotions have been hindered by the lack of consensus on an emotion theory suited to examining the dynamic aspects of emotion and its expression. Studying expression of emotion in patients with mental health conditions for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes will profit from theoretical and methodological progress.

  11. Facial trauma

    Science.gov (United States)

    Maxillofacial injury; Midface trauma; Facial injury; LeFort injuries ... Hockberger RS, Walls RM, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice . 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier ...

  12. Facial Emotions Recognition using Gabor Transform and Facial Animation Parameters with Neural Networks

    Science.gov (United States)

    Harit, Aditya; Joshi, J. C., Col; Gupta, K. K.

    2018-03-01

    The paper proposed an automatic facial emotion recognition algorithm which comprises of two main components: feature extraction and expression recognition. The algorithm uses a Gabor filter bank on fiducial points to find the facial expression features. The resulting magnitudes of Gabor transforms, along with 14 chosen FAPs (Facial Animation Parameters), compose the feature space. There are two stages: the training phase and the recognition phase. Firstly, for the present 6 different emotions, the system classifies all training expressions in 6 different classes (one for each emotion) in the training stage. In the recognition phase, it recognizes the emotion by applying the Gabor bank to a face image, then finds the fiducial points, and then feeds it to the trained neural architecture.

  13. A study on facial expressions recognition

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xu, Jingjing

    2017-09-01

    In terms of communication, postures and facial expressions of such feelings like happiness, anger and sadness play important roles in conveying information. With the development of the technology, recently a number of algorithms dealing with face alignment, face landmark detection, classification, facial landmark localization and pose estimation have been put forward. However, there are a lot of challenges and problems need to be fixed. In this paper, a few technologies have been concluded and analyzed, and they all relate to handling facial expressions recognition and poses like pose-indexed based multi-view method for face alignment, robust facial landmark detection under significant head pose and occlusion, partitioning the input domain for classification, robust statistics face formalization.

  14. Desarrollo de un sistema de reconocimiento facial

    OpenAIRE

    Vivas Imparato, Abdón Alejandro

    2014-01-01

    El objetivo principal alrededor del cual se desenvuelve este proyecto es el desarrollo de un sistema de reconocimiento facial. Entre sus objetivos específicos se encuentran: realizar una primera aproximación sobre las técnicas de reconocimiento facial existentes en la actualidad, elegir una aplicación donde pueda ser útil el reconocimiento facial, diseñar y desarrollar un programa en MATLAB que lleve a cabo la función de reconocimiento facial, y evaluar el funcionamiento del sistema desarroll...

  15. MR imaging of the intraparotid facial nerve

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kurihara, Hiroaki; Iwasawa, Tae; Yoshida, Tetsuo; Furukawa, Masaki

    1996-01-01

    Using a 1.5T MR imaging system, seven normal volunteers and 6 patients with parotid tumors were studied and their intraparotid facial nerves were directly imaged. The findings were evaluated by T1-weighted axial, sagittal and oblique images. The facial nerve appeared to be relatively hypointensive within the highsignal parotid parenchyma, and the main trunks of the facial nerves were observed directly in all the cases examined. Their main divisions were detected in all the volunteers and 5 of 6 patients were imaged obliquely. The facial nerves run in various fashions and so the oblique scan planes were determined individually to detect this running figure directly. To verify our observations, surgical findings of the facial nerve were compared with the MR images or results. (author)

  16. EquiFACS: The Equine Facial Action Coding System.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jen Wathan

    Full Text Available Although previous studies of horses have investigated their facial expressions in specific contexts, e.g. pain, until now there has been no methodology available that documents all the possible facial movements of the horse and provides a way to record all potential facial configurations. This is essential for an objective description of horse facial expressions across a range of contexts that reflect different emotional states. Facial Action Coding Systems (FACS provide a systematic methodology of identifying and coding facial expressions on the basis of underlying facial musculature and muscle movement. FACS are anatomically based and document all possible facial movements rather than a configuration of movements associated with a particular situation. Consequently, FACS can be applied as a tool for a wide range of research questions. We developed FACS for the domestic horse (Equus caballus through anatomical investigation of the underlying musculature and subsequent analysis of naturally occurring behaviour captured on high quality video. Discrete facial movements were identified and described in terms of the underlying muscle contractions, in correspondence with previous FACS systems. The reliability of others to be able to learn this system (EquiFACS and consistently code behavioural sequences was high--and this included people with no previous experience of horses. A wide range of facial movements were identified, including many that are also seen in primates and other domestic animals (dogs and cats. EquiFACS provides a method that can now be used to document the facial movements associated with different social contexts and thus to address questions relevant to understanding social cognition and comparative psychology, as well as informing current veterinary and animal welfare practices.

  17. Photometric analysis applied in determining facial type

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luciana Flaquer Martins

    2012-10-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUCTION: In orthodontics, determining the facial type is a key element in the prescription of a correct diagnosis. In the early days of our specialty, observation and measurement of craniofacial structures were done directly on the face, in photographs or plaster casts. With the development of radiographic methods, cephalometric analysis replaced the direct facial analysis. Seeking to validate the analysis of facial soft tissues, this work compares two different methods used to determining the facial types, the anthropometric and the cephalometric methods. METHODS: The sample consisted of sixty-four Brazilian individuals, adults, Caucasian, of both genders, who agreed to participate in this research. All individuals had lateral cephalograms and facial frontal photographs. The facial types were determined by the Vert Index (cephalometric and the Facial Index (photographs. RESULTS: The agreement analysis (Kappa, made for both types of analysis, found an agreement of 76.5%. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that the Facial Index can be used as an adjunct to orthodontic diagnosis, or as an alternative method for pre-selection of a sample, avoiding that research subjects have to undergo unnecessary tests.INTRODUÇÃO: em Ortodontia, a determinação do tipo facial é um elemento-chave na prescrição de um diagnóstico correto. Nos primórdios de nossa especialidade, a observação e a medição das estruturas craniofaciais eram feitas diretamente na face, em fotografias ou em modelos de gesso. Com o desenvolvimento dos métodos radiográficos, a análise cefalométrica foi substituindo a análise facial direta. Visando legitimar o estudo dos tecidos moles faciais, esse trabalho comparou a determinação do tipo facial pelos métodos antropométrico e cefalométrico. MÉTODOS: a amostra constou de sessenta e quatro indivíduos brasileiros, adultos, leucodermas, de ambos os sexos, que aceitaram participar da pesquisa. De todos os indivíduos da amostra

  18. Peripheral facial weakness (Bell's palsy).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Basić-Kes, Vanja; Dobrota, Vesna Dermanović; Cesarik, Marijan; Matovina, Lucija Zadro; Madzar, Zrinko; Zavoreo, Iris; Demarin, Vida

    2013-06-01

    Peripheral facial weakness is a facial nerve damage that results in muscle weakness on one side of the face. It may be idiopathic (Bell's palsy) or may have a detectable cause. Almost 80% of peripheral facial weakness cases are primary and the rest of them are secondary. The most frequent causes of secondary peripheral facial weakness are systemic viral infections, trauma, surgery, diabetes, local infections, tumor, immune disorders, drugs, degenerative diseases of the central nervous system, etc. The diagnosis relies upon the presence of typical signs and symptoms, blood chemistry tests, cerebrospinal fluid investigations, nerve conduction studies and neuroimaging methods (cerebral MRI, x-ray of the skull and mastoid). Treatment of secondary peripheral facial weakness is based on therapy for the underlying disorder, unlike the treatment of Bell's palsy that is controversial due to the lack of large, randomized, controlled, prospective studies. There are some indications that steroids or antiviral agents are beneficial but there are also studies that show no beneficial effect. Additional treatments include eye protection, physiotherapy, acupuncture, botulinum toxin, or surgery. Bell's palsy has a benign prognosis with complete recovery in about 80% of patients, 15% experience some mode of permanent nerve damage and severe consequences remain in 5% of patients.

  19. Comparison of Direct Side-to-End and End-to-End Hypoglossal-Facial Anastomosis for Facial Nerve Repair.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Samii, Madjid; Alimohamadi, Maysam; Khouzani, Reza Karimi; Rashid, Masoud Rafizadeh; Gerganov, Venelin

    2015-08-01

    The hypoglossal facial anastomosis (HFA) is the gold standard for facial reanimation in patients with severe facial nerve palsy. The major drawbacks of the classic HFA technique are lingual morbidities due to hypoglossal nerve transection. The side-to-end HFA is a modification of the classic technique with fewer tongue-related morbidities. In this study we compared the outcome of the classic end-to-end and the direct side-to-end HFA surgeries performed at our center in regards to the facial reanimation success rate and tongue-related morbidities. Twenty-six successive cases of HFA were enrolled. In 9 of them end-to-end anastomoses were performed, and 17 had direct side-to-end anastomoses. The House-Brackmann (HB) and Pitty and Tator (PT) scales were used to document surgical outcome. The hemiglossal atrophy, swallowing, and hypoglossal nerve function were assessed at follow-up. The original pathology was vestibular schwannoma in 15, meningioma in 4, brain stem glioma in 4, and other pathologies in 3. The mean interval between facial palsy and HFA was 18 months (range: 0-60). The median follow-up period was 20 months. The PT grade at follow-up was worse in patients with a longer interval from facial palsy and HFA (P value: 0.041). The lesion type was the only other factor that affected PT grade (the best results in vestibular schwannoma and the worst in the other pathologies group, P value: 0.038). The recovery period for facial tonicity was longer in patients with radiation therapy before HFA (13.5 vs. 8.5 months) and those with a longer than 2-year interval from facial palsy to HFA (13.5 vs. 8.5 months). Although no significant difference between the side-to-end and the end-to-end groups was seen in terms of facial nerve functional recovery, patients from the side-to-end group had a significantly lower rate of lingual morbidities (tongue hemiatrophy: 100% vs. 5.8%, swallowing difficulty: 55% vs. 11.7%, speech disorder 33% vs. 0%). With the side-to-end HFA

  20. Epitelización inducida por células troncales derivadas del tejido adiposo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. Meruane

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available El tratamiento de lesiones con pérdida de tejido cutáneo ha mejorado notablemente con el advenimiento de la bioingeniería tisular. Una alternativa en desarrollo es la utilización de sustitutos dérmicos combinados con células troncales derivadas del tejido adiposo autólogo. Estudios previos nos muestran que con esta técnica es posible optimizar la angiogénesis y la síntesis de colágeno, sin embargo potenciar la epitelización es un tema pendiente por resolver. En el presente estudio evaluamos la progresión y diferenciación epitelial en un período de tiempo prologando. Obtuvimos las células troncales a partir del tejido adiposo (ASC de la región inguinal de 4 ratas Sprague Dawley. Cultivamos las células frescas en una matriz de Integra® durante un período total de 48 horas, y las marcamos con un vector lentiviral-GFP (proteína fluorescente verde. Posteriormente, injertamos en las mismas ratas la matriz dérmica con células troncales y un implante contralateral sin células, como control. A las 4 semanas, evaluamos el avance epitelial mediante planimetría de superficie e histología. Los resultados macroscópicos muestran que el cierre de la herida por contracción de los bordes no tiene diferencias significativas (82,63% ± 3,4% vs. 80,66% ± 3,89%; p=0,08, pero el cierre por epitelización fue significativamente mayor en el lado intervenido con ASCs (93,47% ± 5,98% vs. 79,88% ± 6,28%; p=0,0028. Todas las muestras obtuvieron tinción positiva para el anticuerpo anti-citoqueratina 34βE12 y el avance epitelial lineal cuantificado por microscopía resultó significativamente mayor en el lado con ASCs (6408 ± 275μm vs. 5375 ± 250μm; p < 0,001. Identificamos las células GFP positivas formando parte de la dermis regenerada, no así en la epidermis. En conclusión, las células troncales derivadas del tejido adiposo autólogo sembradas en una matriz de Integra® aumentan la formación epitelial significativamente

  1. Restorative interventions for HIV facial lipoatrophy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Carey, Dianne; Liew, Steven; Emery, Sean

    2008-01-01

    Facial lipoatrophy is a common and distressing manifestation of HIV lipodystrophy. The changes in facial appearance can reduce quality of life, self esteem and antiretroviral adherence. Apart from the modest benefits of thymidine-based nucleoside analog cessation, there are no proven therapies for lipoatrophy. Management of established fat loss can be challenging as restoration of lost fat mass is extremely gradual. Plastic surgery and cosmetic procedures can restore lost facial volume. Both biodegradable and permanent filling agents have been investigated for HIV facial lipoatrophy. Biodegradable products offer a good safety profile, but maintenance of aesthetic benefits necessitates reinjection over time. Although permanent products offer longevity and lower treatment costs, adverse events should they occur can be serious and of long duration. Despite the substantial increase in options for soft-tissue augmentation in recent years, well-performed clinical studies in HIV-infected adults with facial lipoatrophy are scarce, and long-term clinical safety data are lacking. This review will summarize available efficacy and safety data of the biodegradable and permanent agents utilized for soft-tissue augmentation in this population. Difficulties associated with comparing treatment efficacy data, assessment of facial lipoatrophy presence and severity, and measurement of facial fat will be discussed. Available data indicate that in HIV-infected adults, most filling agents have short-term clinically safety, and can provide aesthetic improvement and improve well-being, social functioning and quality of life. However, well-designed studies with objectively assessed endpoints are needed to elucidate optimal treatments for this distressing condition.

  2. Facial nerve mapping and monitoring in lymphatic malformation surgery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chiara, Jospeh; Kinney, Greg; Slimp, Jefferson; Lee, Gi Soo; Oliaei, Sepehr; Perkins, Jonathan A

    2009-10-01

    Establish the efficacy of preoperative facial nerve mapping and continuous intraoperative EMG monitoring in protecting the facial nerve during resection of cervicofacial lymphatic malformations. Retrospective study in which patients were clinically followed for at least 6 months postoperatively, and long-term outcome was evaluated. Patient demographics, lesion characteristics (i.e., size, stage, location) were recorded. Operative notes revealed surgical techniques, findings, and complications. Preoperative, short-/long-term postoperative facial nerve function was standardized using the House-Brackmann Classification. Mapping was done prior to incision by percutaneously stimulating the facial nerve and its branches and recording the motor responses. Intraoperative monitoring and mapping were accomplished using a four-channel, free-running EMG. Neurophysiologists continuously monitored EMG responses and blindly analyzed intraoperative findings and final EMG interpretations for abnormalities. Seven patients collectively underwent 8 lymphatic malformation surgeries. Median age was 30 months (2-105 months). Lymphatic malformation diagnosis was recorded in 6/8 surgeries. Facial nerve function was House-Brackmann grade I in 8/8 cases preoperatively. Facial nerve was abnormally elongated in 1/8 cases. EMG monitoring recorded abnormal activity in 4/8 cases--two suggesting facial nerve irritation, and two with possible facial nerve damage. Transient or long-term facial nerve paresis occurred in 1/8 cases (House-Brackmann grade II). Preoperative facial nerve mapping combined with continuous intraoperative EMG and mapping is a successful method of identifying the facial nerve course and protecting it from injury during resection of cervicofacial lymphatic malformations involving the facial nerve.

  3. Respuesta modular de los componentes craneanos por acción hormonal en el retardo prenatal de crecimiento

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Quintero, Fabián

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available La plasticidad fenotípica es producto de la interacción dinámica entre la información genética y el ambiente, constituyendo el sistema endocrino un intermediario entre ambos. La desnutrición, en el período prenatal y postnatal temprano, puede retrasar el crecimiento. El Catch-up resulta de un período de aceleración del crecimiento que permite a los organismos recuperar su tamaño corporal. Sin embargo, las respuestas son heterogéneas y dependen de condiciones externas y factores intrínsecos vinculados al eje somatotrópico. El presente trabajo analiza el efecto de la hormona de crecimiento (GH sobre las trayectorias de crecimiento de los componentes craneanos neural y facial de animales con retardo prenatal de crecimiento (RPC. Ratas Wistar constituyeron los grupos: Control, RPC y RPC+GH. El RPC se indujo por obstrucción de arterias uterinas. La GH se administró entre 21-60 días de edad. A 1os 1, 21, 42, 63 y 84 días se midieron sobre Rx longitud, ancho y altura del neuro y esplacnocráneo. Se realizó análisis de componentes principales y se calcularon los volúmenes neural y facial ajustados por curvas de regresión. Se concluye que los componentes craneanos facial y neural presentan diferentes estrategias de recuperación en respuesta a la GH, mostrando comportamiento modular.

  4. Magnetically retained silicone facial prosthesis

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    2013-06-09

    Jun 9, 2013 ... Prosthetic camouflaging of facial defects and use of silicone maxillofacial material are the alternatives to the surgical retreatment. Silicone elastomers provide more options to clinician for customization of the facial prosthesis which is simple, esthetically good when coupled with bio magnets for retention.

  5. The neurosurgical treatment of neuropathic facial pain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brown, Jeffrey A

    2014-04-01

    This article reviews the definition, etiology and evaluation, and medical and neurosurgical treatment of neuropathic facial pain. A neuropathic origin for facial pain should be considered when evaluating a patient for rhinologic surgery because of complaints of facial pain. Neuropathic facial pain is caused by vascular compression of the trigeminal nerve in the prepontine cistern and is characterized by an intermittent prickling or stabbing component or a constant burning, searing pain. Medical treatment consists of anticonvulsant medication. Neurosurgical treatment may require microvascular decompression of the trigeminal nerve. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  6. Predicting facial characteristics from complex polygenic variations

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Fagertun, Jens; Wolffhechel, Karin Marie Brandt; Pers, Tune

    2015-01-01

    Research into the importance of the human genome in the context of facial appearance is receiving increasing attention and has led to the detection of several Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) of importance. In this work we attempt a holistic approach predicting facial characteristics from...... genetic principal components across a population of 1,266 individuals. For this we perform a genome-wide association analysis to select a large number of SNPs linked to specific facial traits, recode these to genetic principal components and then use these principal components as predictors for facial...

  7. Small vestibular schwannomas presenting with facial nerve palsy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Espahbodi, Mana; Carlson, Matthew L; Fang, Te-Yung; Thompson, Reid C; Haynes, David S

    2014-06-01

    To describe the surgical management and convalescence of two patients presenting with severe facial nerve weakness associated with small intracanalicular vestibular schwannomas (VS). Retrospective review. Two adult female patients presenting with audiovestibular symptoms and subacute facial nerve paralysis (House-Brackmann Grade IV and V). In both cases, post-contrast T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging revealed an enhancing lesion within the internal auditory canal without lateral extension beyond the fundus. Translabyrinthine exploration demonstrated vestibular nerve origin of tumor, extrinsic to the facial nerve, and frozen section pathology confirmed schwannoma. Gross total tumor resection with VIIth cranial nerve preservation and decompression of the labyrinthine segment of the facial nerve was performed. Both patients recovered full motor function between 6 and 8 months after surgery. Although rare, small VS may cause severe facial neuropathy, mimicking the presentation of facial nerve schwannomas and other less common pathologies. In the absence of labyrinthine extension on MRI, surgical exploration is the only reliable means of establishing a diagnosis. In the case of confirmed VS, early gross total resection with facial nerve preservation and labyrinthine segment decompression may afford full motor recovery-an outcome that cannot be achieved with facial nerve grafting.

  8. Do Dynamic Compared to Static Facial Expressions of Happiness and Anger Reveal Enhanced Facial Mimicry?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Krystyna Rymarczyk

    Full Text Available Facial mimicry is the spontaneous response to others' facial expressions by mirroring or matching the interaction partner. Recent evidence suggested that mimicry may not be only an automatic reaction but could be dependent on many factors, including social context, type of task in which the participant is engaged, or stimulus properties (dynamic vs static presentation. In the present study, we investigated the impact of dynamic facial expression and sex differences on facial mimicry and judgment of emotional intensity. Electromyography recordings were recorded from the corrugator supercilii, zygomaticus major, and orbicularis oculi muscles during passive observation of static and dynamic images of happiness and anger. The ratings of the emotional intensity of facial expressions were also analysed. As predicted, dynamic expressions were rated as more intense than static ones. Compared to static images, dynamic displays of happiness also evoked stronger activity in the zygomaticus major and orbicularis oculi, suggesting that subjects experienced positive emotion. No muscles showed mimicry activity in response to angry faces. Moreover, we found that women exhibited greater zygomaticus major muscle activity in response to dynamic happiness stimuli than static stimuli. Our data support the hypothesis that people mimic positive emotions and confirm the importance of dynamic stimuli in some emotional processing.

  9. Identification of facial shape by applying golden ratio to the facial measurements: an interracial study in malaysian population.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Packiriswamy, Vasanthakumar; Kumar, Pramod; Rao, Mohandas

    2012-12-01

    The "golden ratio" is considered as a universal facial aesthetical standard. Researcher's opinion that deviation from golden ratio can result in development of facial abnormalities. This study was designed to study the facial morphology and to identify individuals with normal, short, and long face. We studied 300 Malaysian nationality subjects aged 18-28 years of Chinese, Indian, and Malay extraction. The parameters measured were physiognomical facial height and width of face, and physiognomical facial index was calculated. Face shape was classified based on golden ratio. Independent t test was done to test the difference between sexes and among the races. The mean values of the measurements and index showed significant sexual and interracial differences. Out of 300 subjects, the face shape was normal in 60 subjects, short in 224 subjects, and long in 16 subjects. As anticipated, the measurements showed variations according to gender and race. Only 60 subjects had a regular face shape, and remaining 240 subjects had irregular face shape (short and long). Since the short and long shape individuals may be at risk of developing various disorders, the knowledge of facial shapes in the given population is important for early diagnostic and treatment procedures.

  10. Perception of global facial geometry is modulated through experience

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Meike Ramon

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Identification of personally familiar faces is highly efficient across various viewing conditions. While the presence of robust facial representations stored in memory is considered to aid this process, the mechanisms underlying invariant identification remain unclear. Two experiments tested the hypothesis that facial representations stored in memory are associated with differential perceptual processing of the overall facial geometry. Subjects who were personally familiar or unfamiliar with the identities presented discriminated between stimuli whose overall facial geometry had been manipulated to maintain or alter the original facial configuration (see Barton, Zhao & Keenan, 2003. The results demonstrate that familiarity gives rise to more efficient processing of global facial geometry, and are interpreted in terms of increased holistic processing of facial information that is maintained across viewing distances.

  11. A small-world network model of facial emotion recognition.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Takehara, Takuma; Ochiai, Fumio; Suzuki, Naoto

    2016-01-01

    Various models have been proposed to increase understanding of the cognitive basis of facial emotions. Despite those efforts, interactions between facial emotions have received minimal attention. If collective behaviours relating to each facial emotion in the comprehensive cognitive system could be assumed, specific facial emotion relationship patterns might emerge. In this study, we demonstrate that the frameworks of complex networks can effectively capture those patterns. We generate 81 facial emotion images (6 prototypes and 75 morphs) and then ask participants to rate degrees of similarity in 3240 facial emotion pairs in a paired comparison task. A facial emotion network constructed on the basis of similarity clearly forms a small-world network, which features an extremely short average network distance and close connectivity. Further, even if two facial emotions have opposing valences, they are connected within only two steps. In addition, we show that intermediary morphs are crucial for maintaining full network integration, whereas prototypes are not at all important. These results suggest the existence of collective behaviours in the cognitive systems of facial emotions and also describe why people can efficiently recognize facial emotions in terms of information transmission and propagation. For comparison, we construct three simulated networks--one based on the categorical model, one based on the dimensional model, and one random network. The results reveal that small-world connectivity in facial emotion networks is apparently different from those networks, suggesting that a small-world network is the most suitable model for capturing the cognitive basis of facial emotions.

  12. [Presurgical orthodontics for facial asymmetry].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Labarrère, H

    2003-03-01

    As with the treatment of all facial deformities, orthodontic pre-surgical preparation for facial asymmetry should aim at correcting severe occlusal discrepancies not solely on the basis of a narrow occlusal analysis but also in a way that will not disturb the proposed surgical protocol. In addition, facial asymmetries require specific adjustments, difficult to derive and to apply because of their inherent atypical morphological orientation of both alveolar and basal bony support. Three treated cases illustrate different solutions to problems posed by pathological torque: this torque must be considered with respect to proposed surgical changes, within the framework of their limitations and their possible contra-indications.

  13. Pattern of facial palsy in a typical Nigerian specialist hospital.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lamina, S; Hanif, S

    2012-12-01

    Data on incidence of facial palsy is generally lacking in Nigeria. To assess six years' incidence of facial palsy in Murtala Muhammed Specialist Hospital (MMSH), Kano, Nigeria. The records of patients diagnosed as facial problems between January 2000 and December 2005 were scrutinized. Data on diagnosis, age, sex, side affected, occupation and causes were obtained. A total number of 698 patients with facial problems were recorded. Five hundred and ninety four (85%) were diagnosed as facial palsy. Out of the diagnosed facial palsy, males (56.2%) had a higher incidence than females; 20-34 years age group (40.3%) had a greater prevalence; the commonest cause of facial palsy was found out to be Idiopathic (39.1%) and was most common among business men (31.6%). Right sided facial palsy (52.2%) was predominant. Incidence of facial palsy was highest in 2003 (25.3%) and decreased from 2004. It was concluded that the incidence of facial palsy was high and Bell's palsy remains the most common causes of facial (nerve) paralysis.

  14. Facial Palsy Following Embolization of a Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tawfik, Kareem O; Harmon, Jeffrey J; Walters, Zoe; Samy, Ravi; de Alarcon, Alessandro; Stevens, Shawn M; Abruzzo, Todd

    2018-05-01

    To describe a case of the rare complication of facial palsy following preoperative embolization of a juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA). To illustrate the vascular supply to the facial nerve and as a result, highlight the etiology of the facial nerve palsy. The angiography and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of a case of facial palsy following preoperative embolization of a JNA is reviewed. A 13-year-old male developed left-sided facial palsy following preoperative embolization of a left-sided JNA. Evaluation of MR imaging studies and retrospective review of the angiographic data suggested errant embolization of particles into the petrosquamosal branch of the middle meningeal artery (MMA), a branch of the internal maxillary artery (IMA), through collateral vasculature. The petrosquamosal branch of the MMA is the predominant blood supply to the facial nerve in the facial canal. The facial palsy resolved since complete infarction of the nerve was likely prevented by collateral blood supply from the stylomastoid artery. Facial palsy is a potential complication of embolization of the IMA, a branch of the external carotid artery (ECA). This is secondary to ischemia of the facial nerve due to embolization of its vascular supply. Clinicians should be aware of this potential complication and counsel patients accordingly prior to embolization for JNA.

  15. 3D-Ultrasonography for evaluation of facial muscles in patients with chronic facial palsy or defective healing: a pilot study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Volk, Gerd Fabian; Pohlmann, Martin; Finkensieper, Mira; Chalmers, Heather J; Guntinas-Lichius, Orlando

    2014-01-01

    While standardized methods are established to examine the pathway from motorcortex to the peripheral nerve in patients with facial palsy, a reliable method to evaluate the facial muscles in patients with long-term palsy for therapy planning is lacking. A 3D ultrasonographic (US) acquisition system driven by a motorized linear mover combined with conventional US probe was used to acquire 3D data sets of several facial muscles on both sides of the face in a healthy subject and seven patients with different types of unilateral degenerative facial nerve lesions. The US results were correlated to the duration of palsy and the electromyography results. Consistent 3D US based volumetry through bilateral comparison was feasible for parts of the frontalis muscle, orbicularis oculi muscle, depressor anguli oris muscle, depressor labii inferioris muscle, and mentalis muscle. With the exception of the frontal muscle, the facial muscles volumes were much smaller on the palsy side (minimum: 3% for the depressor labii inferior muscle) than on the healthy side in patients with severe facial nerve lesion. In contrast, the frontal muscles did not show a side difference. In the two patients with defective healing after spontaneous regeneration a decrease in muscle volume was not seen. Synkinesis and hyperkinesis was even more correlated to muscle hypertrophy on the palsy compared with the healthy side. 3D ultrasonography seems to be a promising tool for regional and quantitative evaluation of facial muscles in patients with facial palsy receiving a facial reconstructive surgery or conservative treatment.

  16. Nerve crush but not displacement-induced stretch of the intra-arachnoidal facial nerve promotes facial palsy after cerebellopontine angle surgery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bendella, Habib; Brackmann, Derald E; Goldbrunner, Roland; Angelov, Doychin N

    2016-10-01

    Little is known about the reasons for occurrence of facial nerve palsy after removal of cerebellopontine angle tumors. Since the intra-arachnoidal portion of the facial nerve is considered to be so vulnerable that even the slightest tension or pinch may result in ruptured axons, we tested whether a graded stretch or controlled crush would affect the postoperative motor performance of the facial (vibrissal) muscle in rats. Thirty Wistar rats, divided into five groups (one with intact controls and four with facial nerve lesions), were used. Under inhalation anesthesia, the occipital squama was opened, the cerebellum gently retracted to the left, and the intra-arachnoidal segment of the right facial nerve exposed. A mechanical displacement of the brainstem with 1 or 3 mm toward the midline or an electromagnet-controlled crush of the facial nerve with a tweezers at a closure velocity of 50 and 100 mm/s was applied. On the next day, whisking motor performance was determined by video-based motion analysis. Even the larger (with 3 mm) mechanical displacement of the brainstem had no harmful effect: The amplitude of the vibrissal whisks was in the normal range of 50°-60°. On the other hand, even the light nerve crush (50 mm/s) injured the facial nerve and resulted in paralyzed vibrissal muscles (amplitude of 10°-15°). We conclude that, contrary to the generally acknowledged assumptions, it is the nerve crush but not the displacement-induced stretching of the intra-arachnoidal facial trunk that promotes facial palsy after cerebellopontine angle surgery in rats.

  17. Estimador de calidad en sistemas de reconocimiento facial

    OpenAIRE

    Espejo Caballero, Daniel

    2015-01-01

    El fin de este proyecto es conseguir obtener una estimación de la calidad de una imagen facial, a partir del estudio y extracción de características obtenidas, a partir de las imágenes faciales. The goal of this project is get a quality estimation of a facial image, using the extraction and learning of the differents features that we can extract from a facial image.

  18. Recognizing Facial Slivers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gilad-Gutnick, Sharon; Harmatz, Elia Samuel; Tsourides, Kleovoulos; Yovel, Galit; Sinha, Pawan

    2018-07-01

    We report here an unexpectedly robust ability of healthy human individuals ( n = 40) to recognize extremely distorted needle-like facial images, challenging the well-entrenched notion that veridical spatial configuration is necessary for extracting facial identity. In face identification tasks of parametrically compressed internal and external features, we found that the sum of performances on each cue falls significantly short of performance on full faces, despite the equal visual information available from both measures (with full faces essentially being a superposition of internal and external features). We hypothesize that this large deficit stems from the use of positional information about how the internal features are positioned relative to the external features. To test this, we systematically changed the relations between internal and external features and found preferential encoding of vertical but not horizontal spatial relationships in facial representations ( n = 20). Finally, we employ magnetoencephalography imaging ( n = 20) to demonstrate a close mapping between the behavioral psychometric curve and the amplitude of the M250 face familiarity, but not M170 face-sensitive evoked response field component, providing evidence that the M250 can be modulated by faces that are perceptually identifiable, irrespective of extreme distortions to the face's veridical configuration. We theorize that the tolerance to compressive distortions has evolved from the need to recognize faces across varying viewpoints. Our findings help clarify the important, but poorly defined, concept of facial configuration and also enable an association between behavioral performance and previously reported neural correlates of face perception.

  19. Reconocimiento facial automático mediante técnicas de visión tridimensional

    OpenAIRE

    Moreno Díaz, Ana Belén

    2004-01-01

    En esta Tesis se presentan nuevas soluciones al problema del Reconocimiento Facial Automático enmarcadas dentro de la Visión Tridimensional. La Visión Tridimensional es la parte de la Visión por Computador que utiliza las propiedades tridimensionales de una escena real (obtenidas de su digitalización) para realizar una interpretación sobre la misma. En este caso, se trata de reconocer la cara humana, usando para ello información 3D. Este trabajo de investigación se ha centrado en la búsqueda ...

  20. [The history of facial paralysis].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Glicenstein, J

    2015-10-01

    Facial paralysis has been a recognized condition since Antiquity, and was mentionned by Hippocratus. In the 17th century, in 1687, the Dutch physician Stalpart Van der Wiel rendered a detailed observation. It was, however, Charles Bell who, in 1821, provided the description that specified the role of the facial nerve. Facial nerve surgery began at the end of the 19th century. Three different techniques were used successively: nerve anastomosis, (XI-VII Balance 1895, XII-VII, Korte 1903), myoplasties (Lexer 1908), and suspensions (Stein 1913). Bunnell successfully accomplished the first direct facial nerve repair in the temporal bone, in 1927, and in 1932 Balance and Duel experimented with nerve grafts. Thanks to progress in microsurgical techniques, the first faciofacial anastomosis was realized in 1970 (Smith, Scaramella), and an account of the first microneurovascular muscle transfer published in 1976 by Harii. Treatment of the eyelid paralysis was at the origin of numerous operations beginning in the 1960s; including palpebral spring (Morel Fatio 1962) silicone sling (Arion 1972), upperlid loading with gold plate (Illig 1968), magnets (Muhlbauer 1973) and transfacial nerve grafts (Anderl 1973). By the end of the 20th century, surgeons had at their disposal a wide range of valid techniques for facial nerve surgery, including modernized versions of older techniques. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

  1. Positive facial expressions during retrieval of self-defining memories.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gandolphe, Marie Charlotte; Nandrino, Jean Louis; Delelis, Gérald; Ducro, Claire; Lavallee, Audrey; Saloppe, Xavier; Moustafa, Ahmed A; El Haj, Mohamad

    2017-11-14

    In this study, we investigated, for the first time, facial expressions during the retrieval of Self-defining memories (i.e., those vivid and emotionally intense memories of enduring concerns or unresolved conflicts). Participants self-rated the emotional valence of their Self-defining memories and autobiographical retrieval was analyzed with a facial analysis software. This software (Facereader) synthesizes the facial expression information (i.e., cheek, lips, muscles, eyebrow muscles) to describe and categorize facial expressions (i.e., neutral, happy, sad, surprised, angry, scared, and disgusted facial expressions). We found that participants showed more emotional than neutral facial expressions during the retrieval of Self-defining memories. We also found that participants showed more positive than negative facial expressions during the retrieval of Self-defining memories. Interestingly, participants attributed positive valence to the retrieved memories. These findings are the first to demonstrate the consistency between facial expressions and the emotional subjective experience of Self-defining memories. These findings provide valuable physiological information about the emotional experience of the past.

  2. [Changes in facial nerve function, morphology and neurotrophic factor III expression following three types of facial nerve injury].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Lili; Wang, Haibo; Fan, Zhaomin; Han, Yuechen; Xu, Lei; Zhang, Haiyan

    2011-01-01

    To study the changes in facial nerve function, morphology and neurotrophic factor III (NT-3) expression following three types of facial nerve injury. Changes in facial nerve function (in terms of blink reflex (BF), vibrissae movement (VM) and position of nasal tip) were assessed in 45 rats in response to three types of facial nerve injury: partial section of the extratemporal segment (group one), partial section of the facial canal segment (group two) and complete transection of the facial canal segment lesion (group three). All facial nerves specimen were then cut into two parts at the site of the lesion after being taken from the lesion site on 1st, 7th, 21st post-surgery-days (PSD). Changes of morphology and NT-3 expression were evaluated using the improved trichrome stain and immunohistochemistry techniques ,respectively. Changes in facial nerve function: In group 1, all animals had no blink reflex (BF) and weak vibrissae movement (VM) at the 1st PSD; The blink reflex in 80% of the rats recovered partly and the vibrissae movement in 40% of the rats returned to normal at the 7th PSD; The facial nerve function in 600 of the rats was almost normal at the 21st PSD. In group 2, all left facial nerve paralyzed at the 1st PSD; The blink reflex partly recovered in 40% of the rats and the vibrissae movement was weak in 80% of the rats at the 7th PSD; 8000 of the rats'BF were almost normal and 40% of the rats' VM completely recovered at the 21st PSD. In group 3, The recovery couldn't happen at anytime. Changes in morphology: In group 1, the size of nerve fiber differed in facial canal segment and some of myelin sheath and axons degenerated at the 7th PSD; The fibres' degeneration turned into regeneration at the 21st PSD; In group 2, the morphologic changes in this group were familiar with the group 1 while the degenerated fibers were more and dispersed in transection at the 7th PSD; Regeneration of nerve fibers happened at the 21st PSD. In group 3, most of the fibers

  3. Hypoglossal-facial-jump-anastomosis without an interposition nerve graft.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Beutner, Dirk; Luers, Jan C; Grosheva, Maria

    2013-10-01

    The hypoglossal-facial-anastomosis is the most often applied procedure for the reanimation of a long lasting peripheral facial nerve paralysis. The use of an interposition graft and its end-to-side anastomosis to the hypoglossal nerve allows the preservation of the tongue function and also requires two anastomosis sites and a free second donor nerve. We describe the modified technique of the hypoglossal-facial-jump-anastomosis without an interposition and present the first results. Retrospective case study. We performed the facial nerve reconstruction in five patients. The indication for the surgery was a long-standing facial paralysis with preserved portion distal to geniculate ganglion, absent voluntary activity in the needle facial electromyography, and an intact bilateral hypoglossal nerve. Following mastoidectomy, the facial nerve was mobilized in the fallopian canal down to its bifurcation in the parotid gland and cut in its tympanic portion distal to the lesion. Then, a tensionless end-to-side suture to the hypoglossal nerve was performed. The facial function was monitored up to 16 months postoperatively. The reconstruction technique succeeded in all patients: The facial function improved within the average time period of 10 months to the House-Brackmann score 3. This modified technique of the hypoglossal-facial reanimation is a valid method with good clinical results, especially in cases of a preserved intramastoidal facial nerve. Level 4. Copyright © 2013 The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc.

  4. Extra Facial Landmark Localization via Global Shape Reconstruction

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Shuqiu Tan

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Localizing facial landmarks is a popular topic in the field of face analysis. However, problems arose in practical applications such as handling pose variations and partial occlusions while maintaining moderate training model size and computational efficiency still challenges current solutions. In this paper, we present a global shape reconstruction method for locating extra facial landmarks comparing to facial landmarks used in the training phase. In the proposed method, the reduced configuration of facial landmarks is first decomposed into corresponding sparse coefficients. Then explicit face shape correlations are exploited to regress between sparse coefficients of different facial landmark configurations. Finally extra facial landmarks are reconstructed by combining the pretrained shape dictionary and the approximation of sparse coefficients. By applying the proposed method, both the training time and the model size of a class of methods which stack local evidences as an appearance descriptor can be scaled down with only a minor compromise in detection accuracy. Extensive experiments prove that the proposed method is feasible and is able to reconstruct extra facial landmarks even under very asymmetrical face poses.

  5. Tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico da assimetria facial esquelética: relato de caso Orthodontic-surgical treatment of skeletal facial asymmetry: case report

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Susiane Allgayer

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: as assimetrias faciais representam um desequilíbrio entre as estruturas esqueléticas homólogas da face. A maioria das pessoas apresenta algum grau de assimetria facial, pois é rara a condição de perfeita simetria. Todavia, somente quando é perceptível aos olhos do paciente, essa assimetria passa a ser relevante. Em tal condição, a correção ortocirúrgica ou o tratamento ortodôntico são possibilidades normalmente adotadas. OBJETIVO: o presente trabalho, baseado em uma revisão de literatura, é ilustrado por um caso clínico cujo tratamento consistiu em cirurgia ortognática Le Fort I para avanço e rotação da maxila e, na mandíbula, o tratamento foi conservador. CONCLUSÃO: o conhecimento da queixa principal e da expectativa do paciente e exames de diagnóstico bem realizados são itens importantes na decisão do plano de tratamento e no sucesso do resultado final.INTRODUCTION: Facial asymmetries consist of an imbalance between the homologous skeletal structures of the face. Most people present some degree of facial asymmetry, since a state of perfect symmetry is rare. This common asymmetry only becomes relevant when it is perceivable by the patient. In this situation, either orthodontic surgical correction or orthodontic treatment is normally chosen. OBJECTIVE: This study, based on literature review, has been illustrated by a case report comprising Le Fort I orthognathic surgery for maxillary advancement and rotation, with conservative treatment for the mandible. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the patient's chief complaint and expectations, as well as proper diagnostic exams, are important factors to decide the treatment plan and for the final treatment outcome.

  6. Masseteric-facial nerve transposition for reanimation of the smile in incomplete facial paralysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hontanilla, Bernardo; Marre, Diego

    2015-12-01

    Incomplete facial paralysis occurs in about a third of patients with Bell's palsy. Although their faces are symmetrical at rest, when they smile they have varying degrees of disfigurement. Currently, cross-face nerve grafting is one of the most useful techniques for reanimation. Transfer of the masseteric nerve, although widely used for complete paralysis, has not to our knowledge been reported for incomplete palsy. Between December 2008 and November 2013, we reanimated the faces of 9 patients (2 men and 7 women) with incomplete unilateral facial paralysis with transposition of the masseteric nerve. Sex, age at operation, cause of paralysis, duration of denervation, recipient nerves used, and duration of follow-up were recorded. Commissural excursion, velocity, and patients' satisfaction were evaluated with the FACIAL CLIMA and a questionnaire, respectively. The mean (SD) age at operation was 39 (±6) years and the duration of denervation was 29 (±19) months. There were no complications that required further intervention. Duration of follow-up ranged from 6-26 months. FACIAL CLIMA showed improvement in both commissural excursion and velocity of more than two thirds in 6 patients, more than one half in 2 patients and less than one half in one. Qualitative evaluation showed a slight or pronounced improvement in 7/9 patients. The masseteric nerve is a reliable alternative for reanimation of the smile in patients with incomplete facial paralysis. Its main advantages include its consistent anatomy, a one-stage operation, and low morbidity at the donor site. Copyright © 2015 The British Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  7. PREVALENCIA DE LESIONES RELACIONADAS CON LA DEPENDENCIA EN PACIENTES HOSPITALIZADOS

    OpenAIRE

    Herrero-Montes, Manuel; Olavarría-Beivide, Encarnación; Parás-Bravo, Paula; Cacidedo-González, Raquel; Revuelta-Arroyo, Rosana; Gómez-Muñoz, Isabel

    2015-01-01

    Objetivos Determinar la prevalencia puntual de lesiones relacionadas con la dependencia (LRD) en pacientes hospitalizados en el Hospital Sierrallana/ Tres Mares (HSLL), Cantabria. Clasificar las lesiones según los criterios propuestos por el Grupo Nacional para el Estudio y Asesoramiento en Ulceras por Presión y Heridas Crónicas (GNEAUPP) en su documento técnico Nº II (mayo 2014). Métodos Estudio de prevalencia. Población: Pacientes ingresados en el área de hospitalización del ...

  8. Mecanismos de Adherencia de Pseudomonas aeruginosa a nuevos Biomateriales de uso Médico.

    OpenAIRE

    Martínez Martínez, Luis

    2017-01-01

    En 1882 Gessard aisló por primera vez Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Bacillus pyoceaneus) de muestras procedentes de heridas quirúrgicas. Hasta 1947 sólo se conocían 91 casos de bacteriemia por este microorganismo, pero en la década actual, cien años después de su descripción, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ha pasado a ser un microorganismo de creciente interés en patología humana debido a su estrecha relación con enfermos inmun...

  9. What does facial symmetry reveal about health and personality?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Švegar Domagoj

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available Over the last two decades, facial symmetry has been intensively researched. The present article aims to summarize empirical research concerning relations between facial symmetry and health and facial symmetry and personality. A systematic review of the literature shows that facial symmetry is one of the most influential visual markers of attractiveness and health, important for mate selection, while asymmetry can be considered a consequence of an individual’s inability to resist environmental and genetic stressors during development of the organism. However, in spite of evidence suggesting that preferences for facial symmetry are deeply rooted in our evolutionary history, a strong connection between facial symmetry and health is demonstrated only in studies measuring perceived health, while there is only scarce evidence corroborating the link between symmetry and actual health. The interconnections between facial symmetry and personality have not yet been extensively researched. Less than a dozen studies have addressed that issue and they have reached different conclusions. Some evidence suggests that facial symmetry signals personality attributes that indicate good psychological health, while other findings imply that pro-social personality traits negatively correlate with facial symmetry.

  10. The Association Between Men's Sexist Attitudes and Facial Hair.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Oldmeadow, Julian A; Dixson, Barnaby J

    2016-05-01

    Facial hair, like many masculine secondary sexual traits, plays a significant role in perceptions of an array of sociosexual traits in men. While there is consensus that beards enhance perceptions of masculinity, age, social dominance, and aggressiveness, the perceived attractiveness of facial hair varies greatly across women. Given the ease with which facial hair can be groomed and removed entirely, why should some men retain beards and others choose to remove them? We hypothesized that men with relatively sexist attitudes would be more likely to allow their facial hair to grow than men with less sexist attitudes. Men from the USA (n = 223) and India (n = 309) completed an online survey measuring demographic variables, ambivalent sexism, and facial hair status. After controlling for demographic variables, men with facial hair were significantly higher in hostile sexism than clean-shaven men; hostile sexism was a significant predictor of facial hair status over and above demographic variables; and facial hair was more frequent among ambivalent and hostile sexists than among benevolent and non-sexists. It is suggested that sexist men choose to grow facial hair because it maximizes sexual dimorphism and augments perceived masculinity and dominance.

  11. Looking with different eyes: The psychological meaning of categorisation goals moderates facial reactivity to facial expressions

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    van Dillen, L.F.; Harris, L.T.; van Dijk, W.W.; Rotteveel, M.

    2015-01-01

    In the present research we examined whether the psychological meaning of people's categorisation goals affects facial muscle activity in response to facial expressions of emotion. We had participants associate eye colour (blue, brown) with either a personality trait (extraversion) or a physical

  12. Facial nerve problems and Bell's palsy

    OpenAIRE

    Sala, DV; Venter, C; Valenas, O

    2015-01-01

    Bell's palsy is paralysis or weakness of muscle at the hemifacial level, a form of temporary facial paralysis, probable a virus infection or trauma, to one or two facial nerves. Damage to the facial nerve innervating the muscles on one side of the face result in a flabby appearance, fell the respective hemiface. Nerve damage can also affect the sense of taste and salivary and lacrimal secretion. This condition begins suddenly, often overnight, and usually gets better on its own within a few w...

  13. Estudio bibliométrico de publicaciones científicas que utilizan pruebas de reconocimiento de emociones faciales

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Graciela Jeanneret

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available El trabajo se enmarca dentro de la perspectiva evolucionista, la cual sostiene la existencia de emociones universales, enfatizando el estudio de su expresión facial y su reconocimiento. Si bien la creación del sistema FACS en 1978 por Ekman impulsó la construcción de instrumentos de evaluación del reconocimiento de emociones faciales, actualmente no existen pruebas locales que midan dicha habilidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue la realización de un análisis bibliométrico de investigaciones científicas publicadas entre 1976 y agosto de 2011 que utilizan pruebas de reconocimiento de emociones faciales. Este proceso de sistematización de los documentos brinda visibilidad sobre el estado actual de la ciencia en relación a dichas pruebas. Se analizaron los indicadores de productividad, colaboración, índice h y análisis de materia. Éstos evidenciaron un crecimiento sistemático cada vez más pronunciado en la utilización de investigaciones en el reconocimiento de emociones faciales. Estas utilizan fotografías tales como el POFA y el JACFEE en población adulta de ambos sexos, adquiriendo relevancia el estudio de patologías, principalmente la esquizofrenia. Estos resultados, a su vez, podrán utilizarse como fundamento para posteriores proyectos de investigación que aporten al progreso de la ciencia.

  14. [Measuring impairment of facial affects recognition in schizophrenia. Preliminary study of the facial emotions recognition task (TREF)].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gaudelus, B; Virgile, J; Peyroux, E; Leleu, A; Baudouin, J-Y; Franck, N

    2015-06-01

    The impairment of social cognition, including facial affects recognition, is a well-established trait in schizophrenia, and specific cognitive remediation programs focusing on facial affects recognition have been developed by different teams worldwide. However, even though social cognitive impairments have been confirmed, previous studies have also shown heterogeneity of the results between different subjects. Therefore, assessment of personal abilities should be measured individually before proposing such programs. Most research teams apply tasks based on facial affects recognition by Ekman et al. or Gur et al. However, these tasks are not easily applicable in a clinical exercise. Here, we present the Facial Emotions Recognition Test (TREF), which is designed to identify facial affects recognition impairments in a clinical practice. The test is composed of 54 photos and evaluates abilities in the recognition of six universal emotions (joy, anger, sadness, fear, disgust and contempt). Each of these emotions is represented with colored photos of 4 different models (two men and two women) at nine intensity levels from 20 to 100%. Each photo is presented during 10 seconds; no time limit for responding is applied. The present study compared the scores of the TREF test in a sample of healthy controls (64 subjects) and people with stabilized schizophrenia (45 subjects) according to the DSM IV-TR criteria. We analysed global scores for all emotions, as well as sub scores for each emotion between these two groups, taking into account gender differences. Our results were coherent with previous findings. Applying TREF, we confirmed an impairment in facial affects recognition in schizophrenia by showing significant differences between the two groups in their global results (76.45% for healthy controls versus 61.28% for people with schizophrenia), as well as in sub scores for each emotion except for joy. Scores for women were significantly higher than for men in the population

  15. Eagle's syndrome with facial palsy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mohammed Al-Hashim

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Eagle's syndrome (ES is a rare disease in which the styloid process is elongated and compressing adjacent structures. We describe a rare presentation of ES in which the patient presented with facial palsy. Facial palsy as a presentation of ES is very rare. A review of the English literature revealed only one previously reported case. Our case is a 39-year-old male who presented with left facial palsy. He also reported a 9-year history of the classical symptoms of ES. A computed tomography scan with three-dimensional reconstruction confirmed the diagnoses. He was started on conservative management but without significant improvement. Surgical intervention was offered, but the patient refused. It is important for otolaryngologists, dentists, and other specialists who deal with head and neck problems to be able to recognize ES despite its rarity. Although the patient responded to a treatment similar to that of Bell's palsy because of the clinical features and imaging, ES was most likely the cause of his facial palsy.

  16. Facial Scar Revision: Understanding Facial Scar Treatment

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... keep the head elevated when lying down, to use cold compresses to reduce swelling, and to avoid any activity that places undue stress on the area of the incision. Depending on the surgery performed and the site of the scar, the facial plastic surgeon will explain the types of activities to ...

  17. A statistical method for 2D facial landmarking

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Dibeklioğlu, H.; Salah, A.A.; Gevers, T.

    2012-01-01

    Many facial-analysis approaches rely on robust and accurate automatic facial landmarking to correctly function. In this paper, we describe a statistical method for automatic facial-landmark localization. Our landmarking relies on a parsimonious mixture model of Gabor wavelet features, computed in

  18. Valproic Acid Promotes Survival of Facial Motor Neurons in Adult Rats After Facial Nerve Transection: a Pilot Study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Lili; Fan, Zhaomin; Han, Yuechen; Xu, Lei; Liu, Wenwen; Bai, Xiaohui; Zhou, Meijuan; Li, Jianfeng; Wang, Haibo

    2018-04-01

    Valproic acid (VPA), a medication primarily used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder, has been applied to the repair of central and peripheral nervous system injury. The present study investigated the effect of VPA on functional recovery, survival of facial motor neurons (FMNs), and expression of proteins in rats after facial nerve trunk transection by functional measurement, Nissl staining, TUNEL, immunofluorescence, and Western blot. Following facial nerve injury, all rats in group VPA showed a better functional recovery, which was significant at the given time, compared with group NS. The Nissl staining results demonstrated that the number of FMNs survival in group VPA was higher than that in group normal saline (NS). TUNEL staining showed that axonal injury of facial nerve could lead to neuronal apoptosis of FMNs. But treatment of VPA significantly reduced cell apoptosis by decreasing the expression of Bax protein and increased neuronal survival by upregulating the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and growth associated protein-43 (GAP-43) expression in injured FMNs compared with group NS. Overall, our findings suggest that VPA may advance functional recovery, reduce lesion-induced apoptosis, and promote neuron survival after facial nerve transection in rats. This study provides an experimental evidence for better understanding the mechanism of injury and repair of peripheral facial paralysis.

  19. Facial Nerve Trauma: Evaluation and Considerations in Management

    OpenAIRE

    Gordin, Eli; Lee, Thomas S.; Ducic, Yadranko; Arnaoutakis, Demetri

    2014-01-01

    The management of facial paralysis continues to evolve. Understanding the facial nerve anatomy and the different methods of evaluating the degree of facial nerve injury are crucial for successful management. When the facial nerve is transected, direct coaptation leads to the best outcome, followed by interpositional nerve grafting. In cases where motor end plates are still intact but a primary repair or graft is not feasible, a nerve transfer should be employed. When complete muscle atrophy h...

  20. Delayed facial nerve decompression for Bell's palsy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Sang Hoon; Jung, Junyang; Lee, Jong Ha; Byun, Jae Yong; Park, Moon Suh; Yeo, Seung Geun

    2016-07-01

    Incomplete recovery of facial motor function continues to be long-term sequelae in some patients with Bell's palsy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of transmastoid facial nerve decompression after steroid and antiviral treatment in patients with late stage Bell's palsy. Twelve patients underwent surgical decompression for Bell's palsy 21-70 days after onset, whereas 22 patients were followed up after steroid and antiviral therapy without decompression. Surgical criteria included greater than 90 % degeneration on electroneuronography and no voluntary electromyography potentials. This study was a retrospective study of electrodiagnostic data and medical chart review between 2006 and 2013. Recovery from facial palsy was assessed using the House-Brackmann grading system. Final recovery rate did not differ significantly in the two groups; however, all patients in the decompression group recovered to at least House-Brackmann grade III at final follow-up. Although postoperative hearing threshold was increased in both groups, there was no significant between group difference in hearing threshold. Transmastoid decompression of the facial nerve in patients with severe late stage Bell's palsy at risk for a poor facial nerve outcome reduced severe complications of facial palsy with minimal morbidity.

  1. Facial biometrics of peri-oral changes in Crohn's disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zou, L; Adegun, O K; Willis, A; Fortune, Farida

    2014-05-01

    Crohn's disease is a chronic relapsing and remitting inflammatory condition which affects any part of the gastrointestinal tract. In the oro-facial region, patients can present peri-oral swellings which results in severe facial disfigurement. To date, assessing the degree of facial changes and evaluation of treatment outcomes relies on clinical observation and semi-quantitative methods. In this paper, we describe the development of a robust and reproducible measurement strategy using 3-D facial biometrics to objectively quantify the extent and progression of oro-facial Crohn's disease. Using facial laser scanning, 32 serial images from 13 Crohn's patients attending the Oral Medicine clinic were acquired during relapse, remission, and post-treatment phases. Utilising theories of coordinate metrology, the facial images were subjected to registration, regions of interest identification, and reproducible repositioning prior to obtaining volume measurements. To quantify the changes in tissue volume, scan images from consecutive appointments were compared to the baseline (first scan image). Reproducibility test was performed to ascertain the degree of uncertainty in volume measurements. 3-D facial biometric imaging is a reliable method to identify and quantify peri-oral swelling in Crohn's patients. Comparison of facial scan images at different phases of the disease revealed precisely profile and volume changes. The volume measurements were highly reproducible as adjudged from the 1% standard deviation. 3-D facial biometrics measurements in Crohn's patients with oro-facial involvement offers a quick, robust, economical and objective approach for guided therapeutic intervention and routine assessment of treatment efficacy on the clinic.

  2. Ethnic differences in the structural properties of facial skin.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sugiyama-Nakagiri, Yoriko; Sugata, Keiichi; Hachiya, Akira; Osanai, Osamu; Ohuchi, Atsushi; Kitahara, Takashi

    2009-02-01

    Conspicuous facial pores are one type of serious aesthetic defects for many women. However, the mechanism(s) that underlie the conspicuousness of facial pores remains unclear. We previously characterized the epidermal architecture around facial pores that correlated with the appearance of those pores. A survey was carried out to elucidate ethnic-dependent differences in facial pore size and in epidermal architecture. The subjects included 80 healthy women (aged 30-39: Caucasians, Asians, Hispanics and African Americans) living in Dallas in the USA. First, surface replicas were collected to compare pore sizes of cheek skin. Second, horizontal cross-sectioned images from cheek skin were obtained non-invasively from the same subjects using in vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and the severity of impairment of epidermal architecture around facial pores was determined. Finally, to compare racial differences in the architecture of the interfollicular epidermis of facial cheek skin, horizontal cross-sectioned images were obtained and the numbers of dermal papillae were counted. Asians had the smallest pore areas compared with other racial groups. Regarding the epidermal architecture around facial pores, all ethnic groups observed in this study had similar morphological features and African Americans showed substantially more severe impairment of architecture around facial pores than any other racial group. In addition, significant differences were observed in the architecture of the interfollicular epidermis between ethnic groups. These results suggest that facial pore size, the epidermal architecture around facial pores and the architecture of the interfollicular epidermis differ between ethnic groups. This might affect the appearance of facial pores.

  3. Mirroring Facial Expressions and Emotions in Dyadic Conversations

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Navarretta, Costanza

    2016-01-01

    This paper presents an investigation of mirroring facial expressions and the emotions which they convey in dyadic naturally occurring first encounters. Mirroring facial expressions are a common phenomenon in face-to-face interactions, and they are due to the mirror neuron system which has been...... and overlapping facial expressions are very frequent. In this study, we want to determine whether the overlapping facial expressions are mirrored or are otherwise correlated in the encounters, and to what extent mirroring facial expressions convey the same emotion. The results of our study show that the majority...... of smiles and laughs, and one fifth of the occurrences of raised eyebrows are mirrored in the data. Moreover some facial traits in co-occurring expressions co-occur more often than it would be expected by chance. Finally, amusement, and to a lesser extent friendliness, are often emotions shared by both...

  4. Delineation of facial archetypes by 3d averaging.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shaweesh, Ashraf I; Thomas, C David L; Bankier, Agnes; Clement, John G

    2004-10-01

    The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of creating archetypal 3D faces through computerized 3D facial averaging. A 3D surface scanner Fiore and its software were used to acquire the 3D scans of the faces while 3D Rugle3 and locally-developed software generated the holistic facial averages. 3D facial averages were created from two ethnic groups; European and Japanese and from children with three previous genetic disorders; Williams syndrome, achondroplasia and Sotos syndrome as well as the normal control group. The method included averaging the corresponding depth (z) coordinates of the 3D facial scans. Compared with other face averaging techniques there was not any warping or filling in the spaces by interpolation; however, this facial average lacked colour information. The results showed that as few as 14 faces were sufficient to create an archetypal facial average. In turn this would make it practical to use face averaging as an identification tool in cases where it would be difficult to recruit a larger number of participants. In generating the average, correcting for size differences among faces was shown to adjust the average outlines of the facial features. It is assumed that 3D facial averaging would help in the identification of the ethnic status of persons whose identity may not be known with certainty. In clinical medicine, it would have a great potential for the diagnosis of syndromes with distinctive facial features. The system would also assist in the education of clinicians in the recognition and identification of such syndromes.

  5. Sad Facial Expressions Increase Choice Blindness

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yajie Wang

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Previous studies have discovered a fascinating phenomenon known as choice blindness—individuals fail to detect mismatches between the face they choose and the face replaced by the experimenter. Although previous studies have reported a couple of factors that can modulate the magnitude of choice blindness, the potential effect of facial expression on choice blindness has not yet been explored. Using faces with sad and neutral expressions (Experiment 1 and faces with happy and neutral expressions (Experiment 2 in the classic choice blindness paradigm, the present study investigated the effects of facial expressions on choice blindness. The results showed that the detection rate was significantly lower on sad faces than neutral faces, whereas no significant difference was observed between happy faces and neutral faces. The exploratory analysis of verbal reports found that participants who reported less facial features for sad (as compared to neutral expressions also tended to show a lower detection rate of sad (as compared to neutral faces. These findings indicated that sad facial expressions increased choice blindness, which might have resulted from inhibition of further processing of the detailed facial features by the less attractive sad expressions (as compared to neutral expressions.

  6. Sad Facial Expressions Increase Choice Blindness.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Yajie; Zhao, Song; Zhang, Zhijie; Feng, Wenfeng

    2017-01-01

    Previous studies have discovered a fascinating phenomenon known as choice blindness-individuals fail to detect mismatches between the face they choose and the face replaced by the experimenter. Although previous studies have reported a couple of factors that can modulate the magnitude of choice blindness, the potential effect of facial expression on choice blindness has not yet been explored. Using faces with sad and neutral expressions (Experiment 1) and faces with happy and neutral expressions (Experiment 2) in the classic choice blindness paradigm, the present study investigated the effects of facial expressions on choice blindness. The results showed that the detection rate was significantly lower on sad faces than neutral faces, whereas no significant difference was observed between happy faces and neutral faces. The exploratory analysis of verbal reports found that participants who reported less facial features for sad (as compared to neutral) expressions also tended to show a lower detection rate of sad (as compared to neutral) faces. These findings indicated that sad facial expressions increased choice blindness, which might have resulted from inhibition of further processing of the detailed facial features by the less attractive sad expressions (as compared to neutral expressions).

  7. Adaptive evolution of facial colour patterns in Neotropical primates.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Santana, Sharlene E; Lynch Alfaro, Jessica; Alfaro, Michael E

    2012-06-07

    The rich diversity of primate faces has interested naturalists for over a century. Researchers have long proposed that social behaviours have shaped the evolution of primate facial diversity. However, the primate face constitutes a unique structure where the diverse and potentially competing functions of communication, ecology and physiology intersect, and the major determinants of facial diversity remain poorly understood. Here, we provide the first evidence for an adaptive role of facial colour patterns and pigmentation within Neotropical primates. Consistent with the hypothesis that facial patterns function in communication and species recognition, we find that species living in smaller groups and in sympatry with a higher number of congener species have evolved more complex patterns of facial colour. The evolution of facial pigmentation and hair length is linked to ecological factors, and ecogeographical rules related to UV radiation and thermoregulation are met by some facial regions. Our results demonstrate the interaction of behavioural and ecological factors in shaping one of the most outstanding facial diversities of any mammalian lineage.

  8. Análisis facial en ortodoncia

    OpenAIRE

    Mendoza Corbetto, Marco

    2004-01-01

    Las consideraciones sobre estética facial han sido conceptos inseparables de los principios y de la práctica de la ortodoncia y hoy en día se hace necesario enfatizar la importancia del análisis facial como examen complementario indispensable para el diagnóstico y planeamiento ortodóntico, resaltando que la mejora de la morfología facial debe ser el objetivo del tratamiento de las maloclusion es. Según Baldwin 5 el paciente busca en un tratamiento ortodóntico la ...

  9. Heartbeat Rate Measurement from Facial Video

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Haque, Mohammad Ahsanul; Irani, Ramin; Nasrollahi, Kamal

    2016-01-01

    Heartbeat Rate (HR) reveals a person’s health condition. This paper presents an effective system for measuring HR from facial videos acquired in a more realistic environment than the testing environment of current systems. The proposed method utilizes a facial feature point tracking method...... by combining a ‘Good feature to track’ and a ‘Supervised descent method’ in order to overcome the limitations of currently available facial video based HR measuring systems. Such limitations include, e.g., unrealistic restriction of the subject’s movement and artificial lighting during data capture. A face...

  10. Total Facial Nerve Decompression for Severe Traumatic Facial Nerve Paralysis: A Review of 10 Cases

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sertac Yetiser

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Management of traumatic facial nerve disorders is challenging. Facial nerve decompression is indicated if 90–95% loss of function is seen at the very early period on ENoG or if there is axonal degeneration on EMG lately with no sign of recovery. Middle cranial or translabyrinthine approach is selected depending on hearing. The aim of this study is to present retrospective review of 10 patients with sudden onset complete facial paralysis after trauma who underwent total facial nerve decompression. Operation time after injury is ranging between 16 and105 days. Excitation threshold, supramaximal stimulation, and amplitude on the paralytic side were worse than at least %85 of the healthy side. Six of 11 patients had HBG-II, one patient had HBG-I, 3 patients had HBG-III, and one patient had HBG-IV recovery. Stretch, compression injuries with disruption of the endoneurial tubules undetectable at the time of surgery and lack of timely decompression may be associated with suboptimal results in our series.

  11. Dermatological Feasibility of Multimodal Facial Color Imaging Modality for Cross-Evaluation of Facial Actinic Keratosis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bae, Youngwoo; Son, Taeyoon; Nelson, J. Stuart; Kim, Jae-Hong; Choi, Eung Ho; Jung, Byungjo

    2010-01-01

    Background/Purpose Digital color image analysis is currently considered as a routine procedure in dermatology. In our previous study, a multimodal facial color imaging modality (MFCIM), which provides a conventional, parallel- and cross-polarization, and fluorescent color image, was introduced for objective evaluation of various facial skin lesions. This study introduces a commercial version of MFCIM, DermaVision-PRO, for routine clinical use in dermatology and demonstrates its dermatological feasibility for cross-evaluation of skin lesions. Methods/Results Sample images of subjects with actinic keratosis or non-melanoma skin cancers were obtained at four different imaging modes. Various image analysis methods were applied to cross-evaluate the skin lesion and, finally, extract valuable diagnostic information. DermaVision-PRO is potentially a useful tool as an objective macroscopic imaging modality for quick prescreening and cross-evaluation of facial skin lesions. Conclusion DermaVision-PRO may be utilized as a useful tool for cross-evaluation of widely distributed facial skin lesions and an efficient database management of patient information. PMID:20923462

  12. People with chronic facial pain perform worse than controls at a facial emotion recognition task, but it is not all about the emotion.

    Science.gov (United States)

    von Piekartz, H; Wallwork, S B; Mohr, G; Butler, D S; Moseley, G L

    2015-04-01

    Alexithymia, or a lack of emotional awareness, is prevalent in some chronic pain conditions and has been linked to poor recognition of others' emotions. Recognising others' emotions from their facial expression involves both emotional and motor processing, but the possible contribution of motor disruption has not been considered. It is possible that poor performance on emotional recognition tasks could reflect problems with emotional processing, motor processing or both. We hypothesised that people with chronic facial pain would be less accurate in recognising others' emotions from facial expressions, would be less accurate in a motor imagery task involving the face, and that performance on both tasks would be positively related. A convenience sample of 19 people (15 females) with chronic facial pain and 19 gender-matched controls participated. They undertook two tasks; in the first task, they identified the facial emotion presented in a photograph. In the second, they identified whether the person in the image had a facial feature pointed towards their left or right side, a well-recognised paradigm to induce implicit motor imagery. People with chronic facial pain performed worse than controls at both tasks (Facially Expressed Emotion Labelling (FEEL) task P facial pain were worse than controls at both the FEEL emotion recognition task and the left/right facial expression task and performance covaried within participants. We propose that disrupted motor processing may underpin or at least contribute to the difficulty that facial pain patients have in emotion recognition and that further research that tests this proposal is warranted. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  13. Spontaneous and posed facial expression in Parkinson's disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Smith, M C; Smith, M K; Ellgring, H

    1996-09-01

    Spontaneous and posed emotional facial expressions in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD, n = 12) were compared with those of healthy age-matched controls (n = 12). The intensity and amount of facial expression in PD patients were expected to be reduced for spontaneous but not posed expressions. Emotional stimuli were video clips selected from films, 2-5 min in duration, designed to elicit feelings of happiness, sadness, fear, disgust, or anger. Facial movements were coded using Ekman and Friesen's (1978) Facial Action Coding System (FACS). In addition, participants rated their emotional experience on 9-point Likert scales. The PD group showed significantly less overall facial reactivity than did controls when viewing the films. The predicted Group X Condition (spontaneous vs. posed) interaction effect on smile intensity was found when PD participants with more severe disease were compared with those with milder disease and with controls. In contrast, ratings of emotional experience were similar for both groups. Depression was positively associated with emotion rating but not with measures of facial activity. Spontaneous facial expression appears to be selectively affected in PD, whereas posed expression and emotional experience remain relatively intact.

  14. Advances in face detection and facial image analysis

    CERN Document Server

    Celebi, M; Smolka, Bogdan

    2016-01-01

    This book presents the state-of-the-art in face detection and analysis. It outlines new research directions, including in particular psychology-based facial dynamics recognition, aimed at various applications such as behavior analysis, deception detection, and diagnosis of various psychological disorders. Topics of interest include face and facial landmark detection, face recognition, facial expression and emotion analysis, facial dynamics analysis, face classification, identification, and clustering, and gaze direction and head pose estimation, as well as applications of face analysis.

  15. Idiopathic ophthalmodynia and idiopathic rhinalgia: two topographic facial pain syndromes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pareja, Juan A; Cuadrado, María L; Porta-Etessam, Jesús; Fernández-de-las-Peñas, César; Gili, Pablo; Caminero, Ana B; Cebrián, José L

    2010-09-01

    To describe 2 topographic facial pain conditions with the pain clearly localized in the eye (idiopathic ophthalmodynia) or in the nose (idiopathic rhinalgia), and to propose their distinction from persistent idiopathic facial pain. Persistent idiopathic facial pain, burning mouth syndrome, atypical odontalgia, and facial arthromyalgia are idiopathic facial pain syndromes that have been separated according to topographical criteria. Still, some other facial pain syndromes might have been veiled under the broad term of persistent idiopathic facial pain. Through a 10-year period we have studied all patients referred to our neurological clinic because of facial pain of unknown etiology that might deviate from all well-characterized facial pain syndromes. In a group of patients we have identified 2 consistent clinical pictures with pain precisely located either in the eye (n=11) or in the nose (n=7). Clinical features resembled those of other localized idiopathic facial syndromes, the key differences relying on the topographic distribution of the pain. Both idiopathic ophthalmodynia and idiopathic rhinalgia seem specific pain syndromes with a distinctive location, and may deserve a nosologic status just as other focal pain syndromes of the face. Whether all such focal syndromes are topographic variants of persistent idiopathic facial pain or independent disorders remains a controversial issue.

  16. Categorical Perception of Affective and Linguistic Facial Expressions

    Science.gov (United States)

    McCullough, Stephen; Emmorey, Karen

    2009-01-01

    Two experiments investigated categorical perception (CP) effects for affective facial expressions and linguistic facial expressions from American Sign Language (ASL) for Deaf native signers and hearing non-signers. Facial expressions were presented in isolation (Experiment 1) or in an ASL verb context (Experiment 2). Participants performed ABX…

  17. Factors contributing to the adaptation aftereffects of facial expression.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Butler, Andrea; Oruc, Ipek; Fox, Christopher J; Barton, Jason J S

    2008-01-29

    Previous studies have demonstrated the existence of adaptation aftereffects for facial expressions. Here we investigated which aspects of facial stimuli contribute to these aftereffects. In Experiment 1, we examined the role of local adaptation to image elements such as curvature, shape and orientation, independent of expression, by using hybrid faces constructed from either the same or opposing expressions. While hybrid faces made with consistent expressions generated aftereffects as large as those with normal faces, there were no aftereffects from hybrid faces made from different expressions, despite the fact that these contained the same local image elements. In Experiment 2, we examined the role of facial features independent of the normal face configuration by contrasting adaptation with whole faces to adaptation with scrambled faces. We found that scrambled faces also generated significant aftereffects, indicating that expressive features without a normal facial configuration could generate expression aftereffects. In Experiment 3, we examined the role of facial configuration by using schematic faces made from line elements that in isolation do not carry expression-related information (e.g. curved segments and straight lines) but that convey an expression when arranged in a normal facial configuration. We obtained a significant aftereffect for facial configurations but not scrambled configurations of these line elements. We conclude that facial expression aftereffects are not due to local adaptation to image elements but due to high-level adaptation of neural representations that involve both facial features and facial configuration.

  18. Evaluación de imágenes de tomografía computarizada cone beam, para el análisis y diagnóstico de las asimetrías faciales

    OpenAIRE

    Jaramillo Salazar, Luisa Fernanda

    2016-01-01

    INTRODUCCIÓN: El CBCT proporciona imágenes con excelente calidad diagnóstica. Además, realiza cortes tomográficos en cortos intervalos de tiempo y baja dosis de radiación, lo que aumenta la capacidad de evaluación en la clínica odontológica, con menor distorsión de las imágenes provenientes en 3D. Por otro lado, las asimetrías faciales han sido objeto de estudio por los ortodoncistas por su implicación en la cirugía ortognática, por lo que la visualización de estructuras 3D aporta una mej...

  19. Variant facial artery in the submandibular region.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vadgaonkar, Rajanigandha; Rai, Rajalakshmi; Prabhu, Latha V; Bv, Murlimanju; Samapriya, Neha

    2012-07-01

    Facial artery has been considered to be the most important vascular pedicle in facial rejuvenation procedures and submandibular gland (SMG) resection. It usually arises from the external carotid artery and passes from the carotid to digastric triangle, deep to the posterior belly of digastric muscle, and lodges in a groove at the posterior end of the SMG. It then passes between SMG and the mandible to reach the face after winding around the base of the mandible. During a routine dissection, in a 62-year-old female cadaver, in Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, an unusual pattern in the cervical course of facial artery was revealed. The right facial artery was found to pierce the whole substance of the SMG before winding around the lower border of the mandible to enter the facial region. Awareness of existence of such a variant and its comparison to the normal anatomy will be useful to oral and maxillofacial surgeons.

  20. Unsupervised learning of facial emotion decoding skills.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Huelle, Jan O; Sack, Benjamin; Broer, Katja; Komlewa, Irina; Anders, Silke

    2014-01-01

    Research on the mechanisms underlying human facial emotion recognition has long focussed on genetically determined neural algorithms and often neglected the question of how these algorithms might be tuned by social learning. Here we show that facial emotion decoding skills can be significantly and sustainably improved by practice without an external teaching signal. Participants saw video clips of dynamic facial expressions of five different women and were asked to decide which of four possible emotions (anger, disgust, fear, and sadness) was shown in each clip. Although no external information about the correctness of the participant's response or the sender's true affective state was provided, participants showed a significant increase of facial emotion recognition accuracy both within and across two training sessions two days to several weeks apart. We discuss several similarities and differences between the unsupervised improvement of facial decoding skills observed in the current study, unsupervised perceptual learning of simple stimuli described in previous studies and practice effects often observed in cognitive tasks.

  1. Mothers' pupillary responses to infant facial expressions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yrttiaho, Santeri; Niehaus, Dana; Thomas, Eileen; Leppänen, Jukka M

    2017-02-06

    Human parental care relies heavily on the ability to monitor and respond to a child's affective states. The current study examined pupil diameter as a potential physiological index of mothers' affective response to infant facial expressions. Pupillary time-series were measured from 86 mothers of young infants in response to an array of photographic infant faces falling into four emotive categories based on valence (positive vs. negative) and arousal (mild vs. strong). Pupil dilation was highly sensitive to the valence of facial expressions, being larger for negative vs. positive facial expressions. A separate control experiment with luminance-matched non-face stimuli indicated that the valence effect was specific to facial expressions and cannot be explained by luminance confounds. Pupil response was not sensitive to the arousal level of facial expressions. The results show the feasibility of using pupil diameter as a marker of mothers' affective responses to ecologically valid infant stimuli and point to a particularly prompt maternal response to infant distress cues.

  2. Facial soft tissue changes after orthodontic treatment | Aksakalli ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Objectives: To successfully meet expectations on facial esthetics, it is important to understand normal craniofacial growth and the impact of orthodontic treatment thereon. To date, there have been few studies documenting changes in facial esthetics through photography. The objective of this study was to compare facial soft ...

  3. [A text-book case of tropical facial elephantiasis].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dilu, N-J; Sokolo, R

    2007-02-01

    Tropical facial elephantiasis is a nosological entity which can arise from various underlying causes: von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis, lymphatic and cutaneodermal filarioses, deep mycosis. We report an exceptional case of tropical facial elephantiasis caused by onchocercosis and entomophtoromycosis (rhinophycomycosis). The patient's facial morphology was noted "hippopotamus-face" or "dog-face". Onchocercosis and entomophtoromycosis are two diseases known to cause facial elephantiasis. We have not however been able to find any case report in the literature of co-morbidity nor any information on factors predictive of concomitant occurrence.

  4. Dynamic facial expression recognition based on geometric and texture features

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Ming; Wang, Zengfu

    2018-04-01

    Recently, dynamic facial expression recognition in videos has attracted growing attention. In this paper, we propose a novel dynamic facial expression recognition method by using geometric and texture features. In our system, the facial landmark movements and texture variations upon pairwise images are used to perform the dynamic facial expression recognition tasks. For one facial expression sequence, pairwise images are created between the first frame and each of its subsequent frames. Integration of both geometric and texture features further enhances the representation of the facial expressions. Finally, Support Vector Machine is used for facial expression recognition. Experiments conducted on the extended Cohn-Kanade database show that our proposed method can achieve a competitive performance with other methods.

  5. Some Aspects of Facial Nerve Paralysis

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    1973-01-20

    Jan 20, 1973 ... the facial nerve has tremendous regenerative ability. The paretic, or flaccid, ... fresh axoplasm moving into it from the cell-body. Only when the axon .... tivity of the ear to sound, homolateral to the facial paralysis. The cause is ...

  6. Neural Correlates of Facial Mimicry: Simultaneous Measurements of EMG and BOLD Responses during Perception of Dynamic Compared to Static Facial Expressions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rymarczyk, Krystyna; Żurawski, Łukasz; Jankowiak-Siuda, Kamila; Szatkowska, Iwona

    2018-01-01

    Facial mimicry (FM) is an automatic response to imitate the facial expressions of others. However, neural correlates of the phenomenon are as yet not well established. We investigated this issue using simultaneously recorded EMG and BOLD signals during perception of dynamic and static emotional facial expressions of happiness and anger. During display presentations, BOLD signals and zygomaticus major (ZM), corrugator supercilii (CS) and orbicularis oculi (OO) EMG responses were recorded simultaneously from 46 healthy individuals. Subjects reacted spontaneously to happy facial expressions with increased EMG activity in ZM and OO muscles and decreased CS activity, which was interpreted as FM. Facial muscle responses correlated with BOLD activity in regions associated with motor simulation of facial expressions [i.e., inferior frontal gyrus, a classical Mirror Neuron System (MNS)]. Further, we also found correlations for regions associated with emotional processing (i.e., insula, part of the extended MNS). It is concluded that FM involves both motor and emotional brain structures, especially during perception of natural emotional expressions. PMID:29467691

  7. Automated facial acne assessment from smartphone images

    Science.gov (United States)

    Amini, Mohammad; Vasefi, Fartash; Valdebran, Manuel; Huang, Kevin; Zhang, Haomiao; Kemp, William; MacKinnon, Nicholas

    2018-02-01

    A smartphone mobile medical application is presented, that provides analysis of the health of skin on the face using a smartphone image and cloud-based image processing techniques. The mobile application employs the use of the camera to capture a front face image of a subject, after which the captured image is spatially calibrated based on fiducial points such as position of the iris of the eye. A facial recognition algorithm is used to identify features of the human face image, to normalize the image, and to define facial regions of interest (ROI) for acne assessment. We identify acne lesions and classify them into two categories: those that are papules and those that are pustules. Automated facial acne assessment was validated by performing tests on images of 60 digital human models and 10 real human face images. The application was able to identify 92% of acne lesions within five facial ROIs. The classification accuracy for separating papules from pustules was 98%. Combined with in-app documentation of treatment, lifestyle factors, and automated facial acne assessment, the app can be used in both cosmetic and clinical dermatology. It allows users to quantitatively self-measure acne severity and treatment efficacy on an ongoing basis to help them manage their chronic facial acne.

  8. Botulinum toxin in the management of facial paralysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cabin, Jonathan A; Massry, Guy G; Azizzadeh, Babak

    2015-08-01

    Complete flaccid facial paralysis, as well as the synkinetic and hyperkinetic sequelae of partial recovery, has significant impact on quality of life. Patients suffer from functional deficiencies, cosmetic deformity, discomfort and social consequences leading to emotional distress. Despite an extensive and sophisticated array of available interventions for facial reanimation, most patients have persistent issues that require consistent follow-up. In long-term management, botulinum toxin (BT) injection remains a critical tool in the treatment of the facial paralysis patient, particularly in the case of synkinesis, hyperkinesis and imbalance. We review the recent scientific literature and highlight key principles and developments in the use of BT in the management of facial paralysis, including less common applications for acute facial paralysis, hyperlacrimation and pseudoptosis. We reviewed the literature for the latest advances in the use of BT in facial paralysis, including applications and technique, as well as measurement tools and adjunct exercises. We also share our experience in treating our own patient population. BT continues to be a well tolerated and effective tool in the long-term management of facial paralysis, specifically in treating synkinesis, imbalance and hyperkinesis, as well as hyperlacrimation and pseudoptosis. Consistent measurement tools and adjunct neuromuscular retraining are crucial in the successful deployment of BT. Controversy exists as to whether BT should be used to manage facial paralysis during the acute phase, and whether BT application to the nonparalyzed face can improve long-term recovery in the paralyzed side.

  9. Terapêutica interdisciplinar para fratura cominutiva de côndilo por projétil de arma de fogo: enfoque miofuncional

    OpenAIRE

    Bianchini,Esther Mandelbaum Gonçalves; Moraes,Rogério Bonfante; Nazario,Daniella; Luz,João Gualberto de Cerqueira

    2010-01-01

    TEMA: ferimentos causados por projéteis de arma de fogo apresentam alta incidência na região da cabeça e face. A articulação temporomandibular pode estar envolvida, além de estruturas anatômicas importantes como o nervo facial, necessitando de equipe multidisciplinar para efetuar tratamento adequado. PROCEDIMENTOS: apresentação de caso clínico de fratura condilar cominutiva causada por projétil de arma de fogo tratado de forma não-cirúrgica associado à terapia miofuncional orofacial. Paciente...

  10. Trisomy 21 and facial developmental instability.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Starbuck, John M; Cole, Theodore M; Reeves, Roger H; Richtsmeier, Joan T

    2013-05-01

    The most common live-born human aneuploidy is trisomy 21, which causes Down syndrome (DS). Dosage imbalance of genes on chromosome 21 (Hsa21) affects complex gene-regulatory interactions and alters development to produce a wide range of phenotypes, including characteristic facial dysmorphology. Little is known about how trisomy 21 alters craniofacial morphogenesis to create this characteristic appearance. Proponents of the "amplified developmental instability" hypothesis argue that trisomy 21 causes a generalized genetic imbalance that disrupts evolutionarily conserved developmental pathways by decreasing developmental homeostasis and precision throughout development. Based on this model, we test the hypothesis that DS faces exhibit increased developmental instability relative to euploid individuals. Developmental instability was assessed by a statistical analysis of fluctuating asymmetry. We compared the magnitude and patterns of fluctuating asymmetry among siblings using three-dimensional coordinate locations of 20 anatomic landmarks collected from facial surface reconstructions in four age-matched samples ranging from 4 to 12 years: (1) DS individuals (n = 55); (2) biological siblings of DS individuals (n = 55); 3) and 4) two samples of typically developing individuals (n = 55 for each sample), who are euploid siblings and age-matched to the DS individuals and their euploid siblings (samples 1 and 2). Identification in the DS sample of facial prominences exhibiting increased fluctuating asymmetry during facial morphogenesis provides evidence for increased developmental instability in DS faces. We found the highest developmental instability in facial structures derived from the mandibular prominence and lowest in facial regions derived from the frontal prominence. Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  11. Long-Term Facial Nerve Outcomes after Microsurgical Resection of Vestibular Schwannomas in Patients with Preoperative Facial Nerve Palsy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mooney, Michael A; Hendricks, Benjamin; Sarris, Christina E; Spetzler, Robert F; Almefty, Kaith K; Porter, Randall W

    2018-06-01

    Objectives  This study aimed at evaluating facial nerve outcomes in vestibular schwannoma patients presenting with preoperative facial nerve palsy. Design  A retrospective review. Setting  Single-institution cohort. Participants  Overall, 368 consecutive patients underwent vestibular schwannoma resection. Patients with prior microsurgery or radiosurgery were excluded. Main Outcome Measures  Incidence, House-Brackmann grade. Results  Of 368 patients, 9 had confirmed preoperative facial nerve dysfunction not caused by prior treatment, for an estimated incidence of 2.4%. Seven of these nine patients had Koos grade 4 tumors. Mean tumor diameter was 3.0 cm (range: 2.1-4.4 cm), and seven of nine tumors were subtotally resected. All nine patients were followed up clinically for ≥ 6 months. Of the six patients with a preoperative House-Brackmann grade of II, two improved to grade I, three were stable, and one patient worsened to grade III. Of the three patients with grade III or worse, all remained stable at last follow-up. Conclusions  Preoperative facial nerve palsy is rare in patients with vestibular schwannoma; it tends to occur in patients with relatively large lesions. Detailed long-term outcomes of facial nerve function after microsurgical resection for these patients have not been reported previously. We followed nine patients and found that eight (89%) of the nine patients had either stable or improved facial nerve outcomes after treatment. Management strategies varied for these patients, including rates of subtotal versus gross-total resection and the use of stereotactic radiosurgery in patients with residual tumor. These results can be used to help counsel patients preoperatively on expected outcomes of facial nerve function after treatment.

  12. Análise quantitativa do palato duro em diferentes tipologias faciais de respiradores nasais e orais Quantitative analysis of the hard palate in different facial typologies in nasal and mouth breathers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luana Cristina Berwig

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: comparar as dimensões do palato duro em diferentes tipologias faciais de crianças respiradoras nasais e orais. MÉTODO: a amostra foi constituída por 54 crianças, na faixa etária entre sete e 11 anos, distribuídas em grupos conforme o tipo facial e o modo respiratório. O tipo facial foi obtido por meio da análise cefalométrica de Ricketts, e o modo respiratório foi determinado a partir da avaliação fonoaudiológica e do diagnóstico otorrinolaringológico. Para realização de medidas transversais, verticais e do comprimento anteroposterior do palato duro, foram obtidos modelos em gesso do arco dental maxilar. Para comparação das dimensões do palato duro entre os grupos, foram utilizados testes paramétricos e não paramétricos, ao nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: não foi verificada diferença estatisticamente significante nas medidas do palato duro entre as crianças braquifaciais, mesofaciais e dolicofaciais. Verificou-se diferença estatisticamente significante na distância entre os segundos pré-molares nos diferentes tipos faciais das crianças respiradoras nasais e orais, sendo que esta diferença não foi detectada nas comparações múltiplas. CONCLUSÃO: as dimensões do palato duro não diferiram quando analisadas em diferentes tipos faciais independente do modo respiratório. Porém, evidenciou-se diferença na distância entre os segundos pré-molares quando o tipo facial foi analisado nos respiradores nasais e orais.PURPOSE: to compare the hard palate dimensions in nasal and mouth breathing children of different facial typologies. METHOD: the sample comprised 54 children between seven and 11 year old, divided in two groups according to the facial type and breathing mode. The facial type was obtained through the Ricketts cephalometric analysis, and the breathing mode was determined from speech-language evaluation and otorhynolaryngologic diagnosis. In order to measure the transverse, vertical

  13. Peripheral facial nerve dysfunction: CT evaluation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Disbro, M.A.; Harnsberger, H.R.; Osborn, A.G.

    1985-06-01

    Peripheral facial nerve dysfunction may have a clinically apparent or occult cause. The authors reviewed the clinical and radiographic records of 36 patients with peripheral facial nerve dysfunction to obtain information on the location of the suspected lesion and the number, sequence, and type of radiographic evaluations performed. Inadequate clinical evaluations before computed tomography (CT) was done and unnecessary CT examinations were also noted. They have suggested a practical clinical and radiographic scheme to evaluate progressive peripheral facial dysfunction with no apparent cause. If this scheme is applied, unnecessary radiologic tests and delays in diagnosis and treatment may be avoided.

  14. Facial Expression at Retrieval Affects Recognition of Facial Identity

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wenfeng eChen

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available It is well known that memory can be modulated by emotional stimuli at the time of encoding and consolidation. For example, happy faces create better identity recognition than faces with certain other expressions. However, the influence of facial expression at the time of retrieval remains unknown in the literature. To separate the potential influence of expression at retrieval from its effects at earlier stages, we had participants learn neutral faces but manipulated facial expression at the time of memory retrieval in a standard old/new recognition task. The results showed a clear effect of facial expression, where happy test faces were identified more successfully than angry test faces. This effect is unlikely due to greater image similarity between the neutral learning face and the happy test face, because image analysis showed that the happy test faces are in fact less similar to the neutral learning faces relative to the angry test faces. In the second experiment, we investigated whether this emotional effect is influenced by the expression at the time of learning. We employed angry or happy faces as learning stimuli, and angry, happy, and neutral faces as test stimuli. The results showed that the emotional effect at retrieval is robust across different encoding conditions with happy or angry expressions. These findings indicate that emotional expressions affect the retrieval process in identity recognition, and identity recognition does not rely on emotional association between learning and test faces.

  15. A Deep Learning Perspective on the Origin of Facial Expressions

    OpenAIRE

    Breuer, Ran; Kimmel, Ron

    2017-01-01

    Facial expressions play a significant role in human communication and behavior. Psychologists have long studied the relationship between facial expressions and emotions. Paul Ekman et al., devised the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) to taxonomize human facial expressions and model their behavior. The ability to recognize facial expressions automatically, enables novel applications in fields like human-computer interaction, social gaming, and psychological research. There has been a tremend...

  16. Magnetic resonance imaging of facial nerve schwannoma.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Thompson, Andrew L; Aviv, Richard I; Chen, Joseph M; Nedzelski, Julian M; Yuen, Heng-Wai; Fox, Allan J; Bharatha, Aditya; Bartlett, Eric S; Symons, Sean P

    2009-12-01

    This study characterizes the magnetic resonance (MR) appearances of facial nerve schwannoma (FNS). We hypothesize that the extent of FNS demonstrated on MR will be greater compared to prior computed tomography studies, that geniculate involvement will be most common, and that cerebellar pontine angle (CPA) and internal auditory canal (IAC) involvement will more frequently result in sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Retrospective study. Clinical, pathologic, and enhanced MR imaging records of 30 patients with FNS were analyzed. Morphologic characteristics and extent of segmental facial nerve involvement were documented. Median age at initial imaging was 51 years (range, 28-76 years). Pathologic confirmation was obtained in 14 patients (47%), and the diagnosis reached in the remainder by identification of a mass, thickening, and enhancement along the course of the facial nerve. All 30 lesions involved two or more contiguous segments of the facial nerve, with 28 (93%) involving three or more segments. The median segments involved per lesion was 4, mean of 3.83. Geniculate involvement was most common, in 29 patients (97%). CPA (P = .001) and IAC (P = .02) involvement was significantly related to SNHL. Seventeen patients (57%) presented with facial nerve dysfunction, manifesting in 12 patients as facial nerve weakness or paralysis, and/or in eight with involuntary movements of the facial musculature. This study highlights the morphologic heterogeneity and typical multisegment involvement of FNS. Enhanced MR is the imaging modality of choice for FNS. The neuroradiologist must accurately diagnose and characterize this lesion, and thus facilitate optimal preoperative planning and counseling.

  17. Facial trauma among victims of terrestrial transport accidents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    d'Avila, Sérgio; Barbosa, Kevan Guilherme Nóbrega; Bernardino, Ítalo de Macedo; da Nóbrega, Lorena Marques; Bento, Patrícia Meira; E Ferreira, Efigênia Ferreira

    2016-01-01

    In developing countries, terrestrial transport accidents - TTA, especially those involving automobiles and motorcycles - are a major cause of facial trauma, surpassing urban violence. This cross-sectional census study attempted to determine facial trauma occurrence with terrestrial transport accidents etiology, involving cars, motorcycles, or accidents with pedestrians in the northeastern region of Brazil, and examine victims' socio-demographic characteristics. Morbidity data from forensic service reports of victims who sought care from January to December 2012 were analyzed. Altogether, 2379 reports were evaluated, of which 673 were related to terrestrial transport accidents and 103 involved facial trauma. Three previously trained and calibrated researchers collected data using a specific form. Facial trauma occurrence rate was 15.3% (n=103). The most affected age group was 20-29 years (48.3%), and more men than women were affected (2.81:1). Motorcycles were involved in the majority of accidents resulting in facial trauma (66.3%). The occurrence of facial trauma in terrestrial transport accident victims tends to affect a greater proportion of young and male subjects, and the most prevalent accidents involve motorcycles. Copyright © 2015 Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.

  18. Frame-Based Facial Expression Recognition Using Geometrical Features

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anwar Saeed

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available To improve the human-computer interaction (HCI to be as good as human-human interaction, building an efficient approach for human emotion recognition is required. These emotions could be fused from several modalities such as facial expression, hand gesture, acoustic data, and biophysiological data. In this paper, we address the frame-based perception of the universal human facial expressions (happiness, surprise, anger, disgust, fear, and sadness, with the help of several geometrical features. Unlike many other geometry-based approaches, the frame-based method does not rely on prior knowledge of a person-specific neutral expression; this knowledge is gained through human intervention and not available in real scenarios. Additionally, we provide a method to investigate the performance of the geometry-based approaches under various facial point localization errors. From an evaluation on two public benchmark datasets, we have found that using eight facial points, we can achieve the state-of-the-art recognition rate. However, this state-of-the-art geometry-based approach exploits features derived from 68 facial points and requires prior knowledge of the person-specific neutral expression. The expression recognition rate using geometrical features is adversely affected by the errors in the facial point localization, especially for the expressions with subtle facial deformations.

  19. Orientations for the successful categorization of facial expressions and their link with facial features.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Duncan, Justin; Gosselin, Frédéric; Cobarro, Charlène; Dugas, Gabrielle; Blais, Caroline; Fiset, Daniel

    2017-12-01

    Horizontal information was recently suggested to be crucial for face identification. In the present paper, we expand on this finding and investigate the role of orientations for all the basic facial expressions and neutrality. To this end, we developed orientation bubbles to quantify utilization of the orientation spectrum by the visual system in a facial expression categorization task. We first validated the procedure in Experiment 1 with a simple plaid-detection task. In Experiment 2, we used orientation bubbles to reveal the diagnostic-i.e., task relevant-orientations for the basic facial expressions and neutrality. Overall, we found that horizontal information was highly diagnostic for expressions-surprise excepted. We also found that utilization of horizontal information strongly predicted performance level in this task. Despite the recent surge of research on horizontals, the link with local features remains unexplored. We were thus also interested in investigating this link. In Experiment 3, location bubbles were used to reveal the diagnostic features for the basic facial expressions. Crucially, Experiments 2 and 3 were run in parallel on the same participants, in an interleaved fashion. This way, we were able to correlate individual orientation and local diagnostic profiles. Our results indicate that individual differences in horizontal tuning are best predicted by utilization of the eyes.

  20. Comparação dos resultados da fonoterapia e fonoterapia associada à acupuntura na paralisia facial periférica Comparison between myofunctional therapy and myofunctional therapy associated with acupuncture on treatment for peripheral facial paralysis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Márcia Cristina de Paula Rosa

    2010-08-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: comparar a eficácia da fonoterapia e da Acupuntura associada à fonoterapia em pacientes com paralisia facial periférica de Bell. MÉTODOS: foram encaminhados para tratamento fonoaudiológico 15 pacientes, dos quais oito foram selecionados randomicamente para fonoterapia associada à Acupuntura, constituindo o grupo experimental. Os dois grupos passaram por avaliação, seguida pelas sessões de tratamento e logo após foram reavaliados, por um examinador externo. Os dados foram analisados por testes de hipóteses com nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: a mediana do número de sessões foi de 12,0 para o grupo controle e 5,5 para o grupo experimental (p=0,007, sendo que todos os integrantes deste último receberam alta terapêutica. Das 10 variáveis correlacionadas à mobilidade, quatro (40,0% apresentaram melhora significante no grupo controle e sete (70,0% no grupo experimental. Em relação à tonicidade, das 11 variáveis analisadas verificou-se melhora em sete (63,6% no grupo submetido apenas à fonoterapia e em 11 (100,0% no grupo submetido à fonoterapia associada à Acupuntura. Quanto às 15 medidas faciais investigadas houve melhora nos dois grupos, sendo esta mais evidente no grupo experimental. Apenas uma variável (6,7% apresentou valor significante no que se refere àdiferença entre os dois grupos na reavaliação. Em contrapartida, na comparação entre a avaliação e a reavaliação verificou-se valores significantes em sete variáveis (46,7%, sendo que em cinco (33,3% a melhora foi mais evidente no grupo experimental. CONCLUSÃO: a associação da terapia fonoaudiológica com a Acupuntura foi mais eficaz no tratamento da paralisia facial periférica de Bell, na amostra estudada.PURPOSE: to compare the efficacy of speech-language therapy and acupuncture associated with speech-language therapy in patients with Bell's peripheral facial paralysis. METHODS: we referred 15 patients for speech-language therapy, of

  1. Revisión sistemática: células madre derivadas del tejido adiposo, utilidad en lipoatrofia facial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M.D. Cruz-Sánchez

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo de la presente revisión sistemática es determinar si los lipoinjertos enriquecidos con células madre derivadas del tejido adiposo son superiores a los injertos de tejido graso convencionales en el tratamiento de la lipoatrofia facial. Realizamos una búsqueda sistemática de publicaciones en las bases de datos: MEDLINE, SCOPUS, OVID SP, SCIELO y EMBASE y posteriormente, una valoración basada en criterios actuales de medicina basada en la evidencia de las publicaciones encontradas por dos revisores independientes; las discrepancias en el análisis se resolvieron por acuerdo. Los criterios de inclusión fueron: ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, series clínicas y reportes de casos en humanos, excluyendo los ensayos en animales. Encontramos 6 publicaciones que cumplían con los criterios previamente mencionados. Entre éstas se incluyeron 2 ensayos clínicos aleatorizados controlados que recogían la superioridad de los lipoinjertos enriquecidos con células madre derivadas del tejido adiposo en el tratamiento de la lipoatrofia facial en términos de resistencia a la reabsorción (preservación del volumen y menor necesidad de nuevos lipoinjertos, en comparación con los lipoinjertos convencionales. Concluimos diciendo que existen publicaciones con buenos niveles de evidencia que sugieren que los lipoinjertos enriquecidos con células madre derivadas del tejido adiposo son superiores a los lipoinjertos convencionales en el tratamiento de la lipoatrofia facial. No obstante, son estudios de reciente publicación y aún es necesario tener seguimientos a más largo plazo y con mayor número de pacientes para mejorar los ya buenos niveles de evidencia disponibles.

  2. Measurement of facial movements with Photoshop software during treatment of facial nerve palsy*

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pourmomeny, Abbas Ali; Zadmehr, Hassan; Hossaini, Mohsen

    2011-01-01

    BACKGROUND: Evaluating the function of facial nerve is essential in order to determine the influences of various treatment methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate and assess the agreement of Photoshop scaling system versus the facial grading system (FGS). METHODS: In this semi-experimental study, thirty subjects with facial nerve paralysis were recruited. The evaluation of all patients before and after the treatment was performed by FGS and Photoshop measurements. RESULTS: The mean values of FGS before and after the treatment were 35 ± 25 and 67 ± 24, respectively (p Photoshop assessment, mean changes of face expressions in the impaired side relative to the normal side in rest position and three main movements of the face were 3.4 ± 0.55 and 4.04 ± 0.49 millimeter before and after the treatment, respectively (p Photoshop was more objective than using FGS. Therefore, it may be recommended to use this method instead. PMID:22973325

  3. Measurement of facial movements with Photoshop software during treatment of facial nerve palsy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pourmomeny, Abbas Ali; Zadmehr, Hassan; Hossaini, Mohsen

    2011-10-01

    Evaluating the function of facial nerve is essential in order to determine the influences of various treatment methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate and assess the agreement of Photoshop scaling system versus the facial grading system (FGS). In this semi-experimental study, thirty subjects with facial nerve paralysis were recruited. The evaluation of all patients before and after the treatment was performed by FGS and Photoshop measurements. The mean values of FGS before and after the treatment were 35 ± 25 and 67 ± 24, respectively (p Photoshop assessment, mean changes of face expressions in the impaired side relative to the normal side in rest position and three main movements of the face were 3.4 ± 0.55 and 4.04 ± 0.49 millimeter before and after the treatment, respectively (p Photoshop was more objective than using FGS. Therefore, it may be recommended to use this method instead.

  4. Facial Affect Displays during Tutoring Sessions

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Ghijsen, M.; Heylen, Dirk K.J.; Nijholt, Antinus; op den Akker, Hendrikus J.A.

    2005-01-01

    An emotionally intelligent tutoring system should be able to provide feedback to students, taking into account relevant aspects of the mental state of the student. Facial expressions, put in context, might provide some cues with respect to this state. We discuss the analysis of the facial expression

  5. Impactación por odontoma en asociación con alteración de la fórmula dentaria

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Denia Morales Navarro

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Los odontomas son entidades odontogénicas mixtas, compuestas por una mezcla de células odontogénicas epiteliales y mesenquimatosas diferenciadas. Por lo inusual del hecho el objetivo de nuestro trabajo fue presentar un caso de asociación de impactación dentaria por un odontoma con la alteración de la fórmula dental. Se trata de un paciente masculino de 26 años, que acudió a la consulta externa de Cirugía Maxilofacial refiriendo dolor. Al examen físico se detectó asimetría facial por aumento de volumen duro elástico del tercio facial inferior derecho. Al examen físico bucal se observó persistencia del 65 y 85, ausencia clínica del 15, 47 y 48 con expansión de las corticales vestibular y lingual en región mandibular posterior derecha (región molar y retromolar y presencia de una apertura en la mucosa de aproximadamente 8 mm por distal del 46, en la cima del reborde alveolar, de forma redondeada. En el estudio ortopantomográfico se visualizó una imagen radiopaca irregular en sus bordes, de 3cm, asociada a la oligodoncia del 48 e impactación del 47, por lo que se decidió realizar la exéresis quirúrgica de la lesión conjuntamente con el 47, indicándose estudio histopatológico que confirmó la presencia de un odontoma complejo con áreas de tejido blando periférico que mostraban inflamación crónica. El paciente se mantiene bajo seguimiento clínico e imagenológico en su tercer mes postoperatorio. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo fue presentar un caso de asociación de impactación dentaria por un odontoma con la alteración de la fórmula dental.

  6. Greater perceptual sensitivity to happy facial expression.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Maher, Stephen; Ekstrom, Tor; Chen, Yue

    2014-01-01

    Perception of subtle facial expressions is essential for social functioning; yet it is unclear if human perceptual sensitivities differ in detecting varying types of facial emotions. Evidence diverges as to whether salient negative versus positive emotions (such as sadness versus happiness) are preferentially processed. Here, we measured perceptual thresholds for the detection of four types of emotion in faces--happiness, fear, anger, and sadness--using psychophysical methods. We also evaluated the association of the perceptual performances with facial morphological changes between neutral and respective emotion types. Human observers were highly sensitive to happiness compared with the other emotional expressions. Further, this heightened perceptual sensitivity to happy expressions can be attributed largely to the emotion-induced morphological change of a particular facial feature (end-lip raise).

  7. Misinterpretation of facial expression: a cross-cultural study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shioiri, T; Someya, T; Helmeste, D; Tang, S W

    1999-02-01

    Accurately recognizing facial emotional expressions is important in psychiatrist-versus-patient interactions. This might be difficult when the physician and patients are from different cultures. More than two decades of research on facial expressions have documented the universality of the emotions of anger, contempt, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise. In contrast, some research data supported the concept that there are significant cultural differences in the judgment of emotion. In this pilot study, the recognition of emotional facial expressions in 123 Japanese subjects was evaluated using the Japanese and Caucasian Facial Expression of Emotion (JACFEE) photos. The results indicated that Japanese subjects experienced difficulties in recognizing some emotional facial expressions and misunderstood others as depicted by the posers, when compared to previous studies using American subjects. Interestingly, the sex and cultural background of the poser did not appear to influence the accuracy of recognition. The data suggest that in this young Japanese sample, judgment of certain emotional facial expressions was significantly different from the Americans. Further exploration in this area is warranted due to its importance in cross-cultural clinician-patient interactions.

  8. Facial attractiveness, symmetry and cues of good genes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Scheib, J E; Gangestad, S W; Thornhill, R

    1999-09-22

    Cues of phenotypic condition should be among those used by women in their choice of mates. One marker of better phenotypic condition is thought to be symmetrical bilateral body and facial features. However, it is not clear whether women use symmetry as the primary cue in assessing the phenotypic quality of potential mates or whether symmetry is correlated with other facial markers affecting physical attractiveness. Using photographs of men's faces, for which facial symmetry had been measured, we found a relationship between women's attractiveness ratings of these faces and symmetry, but the subjects could not rate facial symmetry accurately. Moreover, the relationship between facial attractiveness and symmetry was still observed, even when symmetry cues were removed by presenting only the left or right half of faces. These results suggest that attractive features other than symmetry can be used to assess phenotypic condition. We identified one such cue, facial masculinity (cheek-bone prominence and a relatively longer lower face), which was related to both symmetry and full- and half-face attractiveness.

  9. Do facial movements express emotions or communicate motives?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Parkinson, Brian

    2005-01-01

    This article addresses the debate between emotion-expression and motive-communication approaches to facial movements, focusing on Ekman's (1972) and Fridlund's (1994) contrasting models and their historical antecedents. Available evidence suggests that the presence of others either reduces or increases facial responses, depending on the quality and strength of the emotional manipulation and on the nature of the relationship between interactants. Although both display rules and social motives provide viable explanations of audience "inhibition" effects, some audience facilitation effects are less easily accommodated within an emotion-expression perspective. In particular, emotion is not a sufficient condition for a corresponding "expression," even discounting explicit regulation, and, apparently, "spontaneous" facial movements may be facilitated by the presence of others. Further, there is no direct evidence that any particular facial movement provides an unambiguous expression of a specific emotion. However, information communicated by facial movements is not necessarily extrinsic to emotion. Facial movements not only transmit emotion-relevant information but also contribute to ongoing processes of emotional action in accordance with pragmatic theories.

  10. The reconstruction of male hair-bearing facial regions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ridgway, Emily B; Pribaz, Julian J

    2011-01-01

    Loss of hair-bearing regions of the face caused by trauma, tumor resection, or burn presents a difficult reconstructive task for plastic surgeons. The ideal tissue substitute should have the same characteristics as the facial area affected, consisting of thin, pliable tissue with a similar color match and hair-bearing quality. This is a retrospective study of 34 male patients who underwent reconstruction of hair-bearing facial regions performed by the senior author (J.J.P.). Local and pedicled flaps were used primarily to reconstruct defects after tumor extirpation, trauma, infections, and burns. Two patients had irradiation before reconstruction. Two patients had prior facial reconstruction with free flaps. The authors found that certain techniques of reconstructing defects in hair-bearing facial regions were more successful than others in particular facial regions and in different sizes of defects. The authors were able to develop a simple algorithm for management of facial defects involving the hair-bearing regions of the eyebrow, sideburn, beard, and mustache that may prospectively aid the planning of reconstructive strategy in these cases.

  11. A dynamic appearance descriptor approach to facial actions temporal modeling

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Jiang, Bihan; Valstar, Michel; Martinez, Brais; Pantic, Maja

    Both the configuration and the dynamics of facial expressions are crucial for the interpretation of human facial behavior. Yet to date, the vast majority of reported efforts in the field either do not take the dynamics of facial expressions into account, or focus only on prototypic facial

  12. Percepção de autoinstilação de gotas oculares em idosos com ou sem dispositivo de apoio facial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Arlindo Jose Freire Portes

    Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar o grau de dificuldade para instilação tópica ocular em idosos, com ou sem o auxílio de dispositivo de apoio facial, por meio de questionário. Observar qual método foi tecnicamente melhor para aplicação tópica ocular de gotas. Métodos: O estudo foi um ensaio clínico, controlado, randomizado e pareado, realizado em 50 pacientes idosos de setembro de 2015 a junho de 2016 na Policlínica Ronaldo Gazolla, Lapa-Rio de Janeiro. Um frasco de colírio Optive® foi acoplado ao dispositivo de apoio facial denominado Eyedrop®. Cada participante instilou o colírio com ou sem o auxílio do dispositivo em cada um dos olhos, sendo que a seleção ocular foi feita aleatoriamente. Foi perguntado ao paciente questões pré-formuladas sobre a dificuldade de ambos os métodos e a técnica de administração tópica ocular foi avaliada. Resultados: A instilação de gotas foi considerada difícil ou muito difícil por 10% dos idosos com o auxílio do dispositivo e por 36% sem o auxílio (p = 0,0047. Houve toque da ponta do colírio com os tecidos oculares em 64% dos pacientes que não usaram o Eyedrop® e em 4% dos que o utilizaram (p=0,000001. A maior dificuldade descrita na instilação tradicional foi acertar o olho com a gota (32% e com o dispositivo de apoio foi entender seu uso(4%. Conclusão: A maioria dos idosos instila colírios erroneamente, tocando a ponta do frasco em tecidos oculares, o que favorece sua contaminação. O dispositivo de apoio facial tornou mais segura e fácil a instilação.

  13. Attentional biases for emotional facial stimuli in currently depressed patients with bipolar disorder

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lemke Leyman

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available En comparación con las numerosas investigaciones centradas en los factores de vulnerabilidad cognitiva que subyacen en el inicio y el desarrollo del trastorno depresivo mayor, los estudios que investigan el procesamiento disfuncional de la información emocional en el trastorno bipolar siguen siendo escasos. Por ello, el presente estudio experimental ha analizado la naturaleza y el curso temporal de los sesgos atencionales en pacientes depresivos con trastorno bipolar. Un total de catorce pacientes deprimidos con Trastorno Bipolar I (TB y catorce participantes controles no deprimidos (CN, emparejados en edad, sexo y nivel educativo, realizaron una modificación emocional de la tarea de señalización espacial. Las señales consistían en expresiones faciales de enfado, neutrales y positivas presentadas durante 200 y 1.000 ms. Los pacientes con TB mostraron un mayor efecto de validación de las señales en las caras de enfado y presentaron más dificultades a la hora de desvincular la atención de las expresiones faciales de enfado y de alegría en comparación con los participantes CN, que por el contrario, demostraron un «sesgo protector» distanciado de la información negativa. Este patrón diferenciado de procesamiento atencional solo se halló en la fase inicial del procesamiento de la información en una presentación de 200 ms de duración. Estos resultados demuestran la existencia de déficits en las fases iniciales del procesamiento atencional de la información emocional en pacientes deprimidos bipolares en comparación con los controles sanos.

  14. Unsupervised learning of facial emotion decoding skills

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jan Oliver Huelle

    2014-02-01

    Full Text Available Research on the mechanisms underlying human facial emotion recognition has long focussed on genetically determined neural algorithms and often neglected the question of how these algorithms might be tuned by social learning. Here we show that facial emotion decoding skills can be significantly and sustainably improved by practise without an external teaching signal. Participants saw video clips of dynamic facial expressions of five different women and were asked to decide which of four possible emotions (anger, disgust, fear and sadness was shown in each clip. Although no external information about the correctness of the participant’s response or the sender’s true affective state was provided, participants showed a significant increase of facial emotion recognition accuracy both within and across two training sessions two days to several weeks apart. We discuss several similarities and differences between the unsupervised improvement of facial decoding skills observed in the current study, unsupervised perceptual learning of simple stimuli described in previous studies and practise effects often observed in cognitive tasks.

  15. Fusiform Correlates of Facial Memory in Autism

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nicholas Lange

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available Prior studies have shown that performance on standardized measures of memory in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD is substantially reduced in comparison to matched typically developing controls (TDC. Given reported deficits in face processing in autism, the current study compared performance on an immediate and delayed facial memory task for individuals with ASD and TDC. In addition, we examined volumetric differences in classic facial memory regions of interest (ROI between the two groups, including the fusiform, amygdala, and hippocampus. We then explored the relationship between ROI volume and facial memory performance. We found larger volumes in the autism group in the left amygdala and left hippocampus compared to TDC. In contrast, TDC had larger left fusiform gyrus volumes when compared with ASD. Interestingly, we also found significant negative correlations between delayed facial memory performance and volume of the left and right fusiform and the left hippocampus for the ASD group but not for TDC. The possibility of larger fusiform volume as a marker of abnormal connectivity and decreased facial memory is discussed.

  16. Soccer-Related Facial Trauma: A Nationwide Perspective.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bobian, Michael R; Hanba, Curtis J; Svider, Peter F; Hojjat, Houmehr; Folbe, Adam J; Eloy, Jean Anderson; Shkoukani, Mahdi A

    2016-12-01

    Soccer participation continues to increase among all ages in the US. Our objective was to analyze trends in soccer-related facial injury epidemiology, demographics, and mechanisms of injury. The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System was evaluated for soccer-related facial injuries from 2010 through 2014. Results for product code "soccer" were filtered for injures to the face. Number of injuries was extrapolated, and data were analyzed for age, sex, specific injury diagnoses, locations, and mechanisms. In all, 2054 soccer-related facial trauma entries were analyzed. During this time, the number of injures remained relatively stable. Lacerations were the most common diagnosis (44.2%), followed by contusions and fractures. The most common sites of fracture were the nose (75.1%). Of fractures with a reported mechanism of injury, the most common was head-to-head collisions (39.0%). Patients soccer-related facial trauma has remained stable, but the severity of such injuries remain a danger. Facial protection in soccer is virtually absent, and our findings reinforce the need to educate athletes, families, and physicians on injury awareness and prevention. © The Author(s) 2016.

  17. Stability of Facial Affective Expressions in Schizophrenia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    H. Fatouros-Bergman

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Thirty-two videorecorded interviews were conducted by two interviewers with eight patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. Each patient was interviewed four times: three weekly interviews by the first interviewer and one additional interview by the second interviewer. 64 selected sequences where the patients were speaking about psychotic experiences were scored for facial affective behaviour with Emotion Facial Action Coding System (EMFACS. In accordance with previous research, the results show that patients diagnosed with schizophrenia express negative facial affectivity. Facial affective behaviour seems not to be dependent on temporality, since within-subjects ANOVA revealed no substantial changes in the amount of affects displayed across the weekly interview occasions. Whereas previous findings found contempt to be the most frequent affect in patients, in the present material disgust was as common, but depended on the interviewer. The results suggest that facial affectivity in these patients is primarily dominated by the negative emotions of disgust and, to a lesser extent, contempt and implies that this seems to be a fairly stable feature.

  18. Discrimination of gender using facial image with expression change

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kuniyada, Jun; Fukuda, Takahiro; Terada, Kenji

    2005-12-01

    By carrying out marketing research, the managers of large-sized department stores or small convenience stores obtain the information such as ratio of men and women of visitors and an age group, and improve their management plan. However, these works are carried out in the manual operations, and it becomes a big burden to small stores. In this paper, the authors propose a method of men and women discrimination by extracting difference of the facial expression change from color facial images. Now, there are a lot of methods of the automatic recognition of the individual using a motion facial image or a still facial image in the field of image processing. However, it is very difficult to discriminate gender under the influence of the hairstyle and clothes, etc. Therefore, we propose the method which is not affected by personality such as size and position of facial parts by paying attention to a change of an expression. In this method, it is necessary to obtain two facial images with an expression and an expressionless. First, a region of facial surface and the regions of facial parts such as eyes, nose, and mouth are extracted in the facial image with color information of hue and saturation in HSV color system and emphasized edge information. Next, the features are extracted by calculating the rate of the change of each facial part generated by an expression change. In the last step, the values of those features are compared between the input data and the database, and the gender is discriminated. In this paper, it experimented for the laughing expression and smile expression, and good results were provided for discriminating gender.

  19. [Neural representations of facial identity and its associative meaning].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Eifuku, Satoshi

    2012-07-01

    Since the discovery of "face cells" in the early 1980s, single-cell recording experiments in non-human primates have made significant contributions toward the elucidation of neural mechanisms underlying face perception and recognition. In this paper, we review the recent progress in face cell studies, including the recent remarkable findings of the face patches that are scattered around the anterior temporal cortical areas of monkeys. In particular, we focus on the neural representations of facial identity within these areas. The identification of faces requires both discrimination of facial identities and generalization across facial views. It has been indicated by some laboratories that the population of face cells found in the anterior ventral inferior temporal cortex of monkeys represent facial identity in a manner which is facial view-invariant. These findings suggest a relatively distributed representation that operates for facial identification. It has also been shown that certain individual neurons in the medial temporal lobe of humans represent view-invariant facial identity. This finding suggests a relatively sparse representation that may be employed for memory formation. Finally, we summarize our recent study, showing that the population of face cells in the anterior ventral inferior temporal cortex of monkeys that represent view-invariant facial identity, can also represent learned paired associations between an abstract picture and a particular facial identity, extending our understanding of the function of the anterior ventral inferior temporal cortex in the recognition of associative meanings of faces.

  20. Automatic facial animation parameters extraction in MPEG-4 visual communication

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yang, Chenggen; Gong, Wanwei; Yu, Lu

    2002-01-01

    Facial Animation Parameters (FAPs) are defined in MPEG-4 to animate a facial object. The algorithm proposed in this paper to extract these FAPs is applied to very low bit-rate video communication, in which the scene is composed of a head-and-shoulder object with complex background. This paper addresses the algorithm to automatically extract all FAPs needed to animate a generic facial model, estimate the 3D motion of head by points. The proposed algorithm extracts human facial region by color segmentation and intra-frame and inter-frame edge detection. Facial structure and edge distribution of facial feature such as vertical and horizontal gradient histograms are used to locate the facial feature region. Parabola and circle deformable templates are employed to fit facial feature and extract a part of FAPs. A special data structure is proposed to describe deformable templates to reduce time consumption for computing energy functions. Another part of FAPs, 3D rigid head motion vectors, are estimated by corresponding-points method. A 3D head wire-frame model provides facial semantic information for selection of proper corresponding points, which helps to increase accuracy of 3D rigid object motion estimation.

  1. Post traumatic facial nerve palsy without temporal bone fracture

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Scuotto, A.; Cappabianca, S.; Capasso, R.; Porto, A.; D'Oria, S.; Rotondo, M.

    2016-01-01

    Facial nerve injury following head trauma is a frequent event with or without temporal bone fractures. Computed tomography is the imaging modality of choice for assessing the possible bone disruption of the facial nerve canal. Magnetic resonance is helpful in presence of a facial nerve paralysis, unexplained by computed tomography findings. We present a case of delayed post-traumatic facial nerve palsy without radiological evidence of temporal bone fractures, in which magnetic resonance was crucial for diagnosing the nerve impairment. Radiological findings in accordance both with electrodiagnostic tests and clinical presentation suggested the successful conservative management. - Highlights: • Facial nerve is more prone to damage than any other cranial nerve after trauma. • Facial nerve trauma is usually associated with temporal bone fractures. • MRI is mandatory in case of no evidence of bone disruption at CT.

  2. Facial expression system on video using widrow hoff

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jannah, M.; Zarlis, M.; Mawengkang, H.

    2018-03-01

    Facial expressions recognition is one of interesting research. This research contains human feeling to computer application Such as the interaction between human and computer, data compression, facial animation and facial detection from the video. The purpose of this research is to create facial expression system that captures image from the video camera. The system in this research uses Widrow-Hoff learning method in training and testing image with Adaptive Linear Neuron (ADALINE) approach. The system performance is evaluated by two parameters, detection rate and false positive rate. The system accuracy depends on good technique and face position that trained and tested.

  3. Stop staring facial modeling and animation done right

    CERN Document Server

    Osipa, Jason

    2010-01-01

    The de facto official source on facial animation—now updated!. If you want to do character facial modeling and animation at the high levels achieved in today's films and games, Stop Staring: Facial Modeling and Animation Done Right, Third Edition , is for you. While thoroughly covering the basics such as squash and stretch, lip syncs, and much more, this new edition has been thoroughly updated to capture the very newest professional design techniques, as well as changes in software, including using Python to automate tasks.: Shows you how to create facial animation for movies, games, and more;

  4. Pediatric facial fractures: evolving patterns of treatment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Posnick, J C; Wells, M; Pron, G E

    1993-08-01

    This study reviews the treatment of facial trauma between October 1986 and December 1990 at a major pediatric referral center. The mechanism of injury, location and pattern of facial fractures, pattern of facial injury, soft tissue injuries, and any associated injuries to other organ systems were recorded, and fracture management and perioperative complications reviewed. The study population consisted of 137 patients who sustained 318 facial fractures. Eighty-one patients (171 fractures) were seen in the acute stage, and 56 patients (147 fractures) were seen for reconstruction of a secondary deformity. Injuries in boys were more prevalent than in girls (63% versus 37%), and the 6- to 12-year cohort made up the largest group (42%). Most fractures resulted from traffic-related accidents (50%), falls (23%), or sports-related injuries (15%). Mandibular (34%) and orbital fractures (23%) predominated; fewer midfacial fractures (7%) were sustained than would be expected in a similar adult population. Three quarters of the patients with acute fractures required operative intervention. Closed reduction techniques with maxillomandibular fixation were frequently chosen for mandibular condyle fractures and open reduction techniques (35%) for other regions of the facial skeleton. When open reduction was indicated, plate-and-screw fixation was the preferred method of stabilization (65%). The long-term effects of the injuries and the treatment given on facial growth remain undetermined. Perioperative complication rates directly related to the surgery were low.

  5. Abordagem multidisciplinar no trauma facial: um relato de caso

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carolina Ando Matsuno

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available Introdução: Em todo o mundo, diversas medidas de segurança têm sido aplicadas para minimizar os danos relacionados aos acidentes de trabalho. Ainda assim, muitos casos são rotineiramente encaminhados aos Prontos Socorros do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS, particularmente nas zonas rurais. Objetivo: Relatar a abordagem multidisciplinar de um caso de traumatismo facial grave secundário a acidente de trabalho atendido no Conjunto Hospitalar de Sorocaba (CHS. Relato do Caso: Paciente masculino, 19 anos, branco, trabalhador rural, vítima de trauma após ter saltado de um trator em movimento durante o exercício de sua atividade laboral, trazido por seus familiares com hemiface direita, desfigurada pela avulsão da pele e da musculatura com exposição óssea, caracterizada à TC como fratura complexa zigomático-maxilar Le Fort tipo 2 à direita além da destruição do seio maxilar, do assoalho da órbita e dos rebordos orbitários lateral, superior e inferior. A abordagem cirúrgica foi realizada pelas equipes de Cirurgia Plástica, Cirurgia Bucomaxilofacial e Cirurgia Oftalmológica que procederam à reconstrução óssea por placas de titânio, estabilização da arcada dentária superior por amarramento e reposicionamento das partes moles. O globo ocular foi preservado por apresentar-se íntegro. Conclusões: A abordagem multidisciplinar das fraturas faciais complexas busca primariamente restaurar a complexa anatomia de toda essa região por primeira intenção. Considerando tratar-se de fratura secundária a um “acidente de trabalho”, ilustramos aqui uma trágica consequência do não uso dos equipamentos de proteção individual e da inobservância das normas de segurança.

  6. Paralisia facial periférica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Jarjura Jorge Jr.

    2007-05-01

    Full Text Available Os autores fazem uma revisão sobre o anatomo fisiologia, os diagnósticos clinico e eletrofisiológico da Paralisia Facial Periférica assim como relacionam as afecções envolvidas no processo, discutindo seu tratamento clinico e cirúrgico. Em seguida relatam 5 casos de diversas etiologias tratados no ambulatório de Paralisia Facial da Disciplina de Otorrinolaringologia da FCMB da PUC-SP.

  7. The effects of facial adiposity on attractiveness and perceived leadership ability.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Re, Daniel E; Perrett, David I

    2014-01-01

    Facial attractiveness has a positive influence on electoral success both in experimental paradigms and in the real world. One parameter that influences facial attractiveness and social judgements is facial adiposity (a facial correlate to body mass index, BMI). Overweight people have high facial adiposity and are perceived to be less attractive and lower in leadership ability. Here, we used an interactive design in order to assess whether the most attractive level of facial adiposity is also perceived as most leader-like. We found that participants reduced facial adiposity more to maximize attractiveness than to maximize perceived leadership ability. These results indicate that facial appearance impacts leadership judgements beyond the effects of attractiveness. We suggest that the disparity between optimal facial adiposity in attractiveness and leadership judgements stems from social trends that have produced thin ideals for attractiveness, while leadership judgements are associated with perception of physical dominance.

  8. Computed tomography of the facial canal

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kiuchi, Sousuke

    1983-01-01

    The radiological details of the facial canal was investigated by computed tomography. In the first part of this study, dry skulls were used to delineate the full course of the facial canal by computed tomography. In the second part of this study, the patients with chronic otitis media and secondary cholesteatoma were evaluated. The labyrinthine and tympanic parts of the canal were well demonstrated with the axial scanning, and the mastoid part with the coronal scanning. Moreover, computed tomography showed excellent delineation of the middle ear contents. In patients with secondary cholesteatoma, the destructions of the intratympanic course of the bony facial canal were also assessed preoperatively. (author)

  9. Fusing Facial Features for Face Recognition

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jamal Ahmad Dargham

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Face recognition is an important biometric method because of its potential applications in many fields, such as access control, surveillance, and human-computer interaction. In this paper, a face recognition system that fuses the outputs of three face recognition systems based on Gabor jets is presented. The first system uses the magnitude, the second uses the phase, and the third uses the phase-weighted magnitude of the jets. The jets are generated from facial landmarks selected using three selection methods. It was found out that fusing the facial features gives better recognition rate than either facial feature used individually regardless of the landmark selection method.

  10. Analysis of Facial Expression by Taste Stimulation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tobitani, Kensuke; Kato, Kunihito; Yamamoto, Kazuhiko

    In this study, we focused on the basic taste stimulation for the analysis of real facial expressions. We considered that the expressions caused by taste stimulation were unaffected by individuality or emotion, that is, such expressions were involuntary. We analyzed the movement of facial muscles by taste stimulation and compared real expressions with artificial expressions. From the result, we identified an obvious difference between real and artificial expressions. Thus, our method would be a new approach for facial expression recognition.

  11. Case report of a patient with peripheral facial nerve palsy

    OpenAIRE

    Rysová, Jana

    2013-01-01

    Title of bachelor's thesis: Case report of a patient with peripheral facial nerve palsy Summary: Teoretical part of bachelor's thesis contains theoretical foundation of peripheral facial nerve palsy. Practical part of bachelor's thesis contains physiotherapeutic case report of patient with peripheral facial nerve palsy. Key words: peripheral facial nerve palsy, casuistry, rehabilitation

  12. Detección facial y reconocimiento anímico mediante las expresiones faciales

    OpenAIRE

    BARTUAL GONZÁLEZ, RAQUEL

    2017-01-01

    The project is based on the software development elaborated with the program LabView. The mentioned program aims to detect people's faces in a video, as well as their genre and mood state. El proyecto se basa en el desarrollo de un software elaborado con el programa LabView. Dicho programa pretende detectar la cara de las personas en un vídeo, así como su género y su estado de ánimo. Bartual González, R. (2017). Detección facial y reconocimiento anímico mediante las expresiones faciales...

  13. Intraparotid facial nerve schwannoma: Report of two cases

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Seyyed Basir Hashemi

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available Introduction: Intra parotid facial nerve schowannoma is a rare tumor. Case report: In this article we presented two cases of intra parotid facial nerve schowannoma. In two cases tumor presented with asymptomatic parotid mass that mimic pleomorphic adenoma. No preoperative facial nerve dysfunction in cases is detected. Diagnostic result and surgical management are discussed in this paper.  

  14. Comparison of hemihypoglossal nerve versus masseteric nerve transpositions in the rehabilitation of short-term facial paralysis using the Facial Clima evaluating system.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hontanilla, Bernardo; Marré, Diego

    2012-11-01

    Masseteric and hypoglossal nerve transfers are reliable alternatives for reanimating short-term facial paralysis. To date, few studies exist in the literature comparing these techniques. This work presents a quantitative comparison of masseter-facial transposition versus hemihypoglossal facial transposition with a nerve graft using the Facial Clima system. Forty-six patients with complete unilateral facial paralysis underwent reanimation with either hemihypoglossal transposition with a nerve graft (group I, n = 25) or direct masseteric-facial coaptation (group II, n = 21). Commissural displacement and commissural contraction velocity were measured using the Facial Clima system. Postoperative intragroup commissural displacement and commissural contraction velocity means of the reanimated versus the normal side were first compared using a paired sample t test. Then, mean percentages of recovery of both parameters were compared between the groups using an independent sample t test. Onset of movement was also compared between the groups. Significant differences of mean commissural displacement and commissural contraction velocity between the reanimated side and the normal side were observed in group I but not in group II. Mean percentage of recovery of both parameters did not differ between the groups. Patients in group II showed a significantly faster onset of movement compared with those in group I (62 ± 4.6 days versus 136 ± 7.4 days, p = 0.013). Reanimation of short-term facial paralysis can be satisfactorily addressed by means of either hemihypoglossal transposition with a nerve graft or direct masseteric-facial coaptation. However, with the latter, better symmetry and a faster onset of movement are observed. In addition, masseteric nerve transfer avoids morbidity from nerve graft harvesting. Therapeutic, III.

  15. Meta-Analysis of the First Facial Expression Recognition Challenge

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Valstar, M.F.; Mehu, M.; Jiang, Bihan; Pantic, Maja; Scherer, K.

    Automatic facial expression recognition has been an active topic in computer science for over two decades, in particular facial action coding system action unit (AU) detection and classification of a number of discrete emotion states from facial expressive imagery. Standardization and comparability

  16. Contralateral reinnervation of midline muscles in nonidiopathic facial palsy.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Gilhuis, H.J.; Beurskens, C.H.G.; Vries, J. de; Marres, H.A.M.; Hartman, E.H.M.; Zwarts, M.J.

    2003-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to analyze contralateral reinnervation of the facial nerve in eight patients with complete facial palsy after surgery or trauma and seven healthy volunteers. All patients had contralateral reinnervation of facial muscles as demonstrated by electrical nerve stimulation

  17. Automatic Generation of Facial Expression Using Triangular Geometric Deformation

    OpenAIRE

    Jia-Shing Sheu; Tsu-Shien Hsieh; Ho-Nien Shou

    2014-01-01

    This paper presents an image deformation algorithm and constructs an automatic facial expression generation system to generate new facial expressions in neutral state. After the users input the face image in a neutral state into the system, the system separates the possible facial areas and the image background by skin color segmentation. It then uses the morphological operation to remove noise and to capture the organs of facial expression, such as the eyes, mouth, eyebrow, and nose. The fea...

  18. Análise do perfil facial masculino adulto jovem, esteticamente agradável, em fotografias padronizadas: comparação da medição manual com a computadorizada Facial profile analysis of esthetically harmonious young male adults in standardized photographs: comparison of manual versus computerized measurements

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Isabella Cabral Alexandre Schlickmann

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: analisar o perfil facial masculino adulto jovem, através de fotografias padronizadas e comparar a medição manual com a medição computadorizada por meio do software Cef X (CDT. MÉTODOS: a amostra consistiu de 40 indivíduos brasileiros brancos, com média de idade de 21,9 anos, que possuíam perfis agradáveis, oclusão normal, sem histórico de tratamento ortodôntico prévio. As fotografias coloridas de 10cm x 15cm foram obtidas de forma padronizada, com o indivíduo na posição natural da cabeça. As fotografias foram medidas manualmente, utilizando-se paquímetro digital e transferidor, e também através de computador, utilizando-se o programa Cef X (CDT. Trinta e seis variáveis faciais foram analisadas por meio de medidas lineares, angulares e proporcionais. RESULTADOS: as médias da medição manual e da medição por computador foram diferentes estatisticamente para 24 variáveis. No método por computador, somente uma medida mostrou diferença significativa entre a primeira e a segunda medição, enquanto na manual oito mostraram diferença. CONCLUSÕES: considerando-se que houve diferença entre as medições manual e por computador, deve-se utilizar as médias respectivas para cada tipo de medição. Os dois tipos de medição são confiáveis, entretanto a medição por computador é mais precisa. Devido à praticidade e agilidade da medição por computador, esta seria a mais indicada.Aim: To analyze the young male adult facial profile using standardized photographs and compare manual measuring procedures to the measuring procedures with the software Cef X (CDT. METHODS: The sample consisted of 40 Brazilian Caucasian individuals, with an average age of 21.9 years, who possessed pleasant profiles, normal occlusion, and no history of previous orthodontic treatment. Colored photographs measuring 10cm x 15cm were taken in a standard way with the subject in natural head position. The photographs were measured manually

  19. The effect of facial expressions on respirators contact pressures.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cai, Mang; Shen, Shengnan; Li, Hui

    2017-08-01

    This study investigated the effect of four typical facial expressions (calmness, happiness, sadness and surprise) on contact characteristics between an N95 filtering facepiece respirator and a headform. The respirator model comprised two layers (an inner layer and an outer layer) and a nose clip. The headform model was comprised of a skin layer, a fatty tissue layer embedded with eight muscles, and a skull layer. Four typical facial expressions were generated by the coordinated contraction of four facial muscles. After that, the distribution of the contact pressure on the headform, as well as the contact area, were calculated. Results demonstrated that the nasal clip could help make the respirator move closer to the nose bridge while causing facial discomfort. Moreover, contact areas varied with different facial expressions, and facial expressions significantly altered contact pressures at different key areas, which may result in leakage.

  20. Altering sensorimotor feedback disrupts visual discrimination of facial expressions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wood, Adrienne; Lupyan, Gary; Sherrin, Steven; Niedenthal, Paula

    2016-08-01

    Looking at another person's facial expression of emotion can trigger the same neural processes involved in producing the expression, and such responses play a functional role in emotion recognition. Disrupting individuals' facial action, for example, interferes with verbal emotion recognition tasks. We tested the hypothesis that facial responses also play a functional role in the perceptual processing of emotional expressions. We altered the facial action of participants with a gel facemask while they performed a task that involved distinguishing target expressions from highly similar distractors. Relative to control participants, participants in the facemask condition demonstrated inferior perceptual discrimination of facial expressions, but not of nonface stimuli. The findings suggest that somatosensory/motor processes involving the face contribute to the visual perceptual-and not just conceptual-processing of facial expressions. More broadly, our study contributes to growing evidence for the fundamentally interactive nature of the perceptual inputs from different sensory modalities.

  1. Genetics Home Reference: oral-facial-digital syndrome

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... related conditions that affect the development of the oral cavity (the mouth and teeth), facial features, and digits ( ... this disorder involve problems with development of the oral cavity , facial features, and digits. Most forms are also ...

  2. Facial attractiveness, symmetry, and physical fitness in young women.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hönekopp, Johannes; Bartholomé, Tobias; Jansen, Gregor

    2004-06-01

    This study explores the evolutionary-based hypothesis that facial attractiveness (a guiding force in mate selection) is a cue for physical fitness (presumably an important contributor to mate value in ancestral times). Since fluctuating asymmetry, a measure of developmental stability, is known to be a valid cue for fitness in several biological domains, we scrutinized facial asymmetry as a potential mediator between attractiveness and fitness. In our sample of young women, facial beauty indeed indicated physical fitness. The relationships that pertained to asymmetry were in the expected direction. However, a closer analysis revealed that facial asymmetry did not mediate the relationship between fitness and attractiveness. Unexpected problems regarding the measurement of facial asymmetry are discussed.

  3. EXPRESS METHOD OF BARCODE GENERATION FROM FACIAL IMAGES

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    G. A. Kukharev

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available In the paper a method of generating of standard type linear barcodes from facial images is proposed. The method is based on use of the histogram of facial image brightness, averaging the histogram on a limited number of intervals, quantization of results in a range of decimal numbers from 0 to 9 and table conversion into the final barcode. The proposed solution is computationally low-cost and not requires the use of specialized software on image processing that allows generating of facial barcodes in mobile systems, and thus the proposed method can be interpreted as an express method. Results of tests on the Face94 and CUHK Face Sketch FERET Databases showed that the proposed method is a new solution for use in the real-world practice and ensures the stability of generated barcodes in changes of scale, pose and mirroring of a facial image, and also changes of a facial expression and shadows on faces from local lighting. The proposed method is based on generating of a standard barcode directly from the facial image, and thus contains the subjective information about a person's face.

  4. Enlarged facial pores: an update on treatments.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dong, Joanna; Lanoue, Julien; Goldenberg, Gary

    2016-07-01

    Enlarged facial pores remain a common dermatologic and cosmetic concern from acne and rosacea, among other conditions, that is difficult to treat due to the multifactorial nature of their pathogenesis and negative impact on patients' quality of life. Enlarged facial pores are primarily treated through addressing associative factors, such as increased sebum production and cutaneous aging. We review the current treatment modalities for enlarged or dense facial pores, including topical retinoids, chemical peels, oral antiandrogens, and lasers and devices, with a focus on newer therapies.

  5. 3D Facial Pattern Analysis for Autism

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-07-01

    et al. (2001) proposed a two-level Garbor wavelet network (GWN) to detect eight facial features. In Bhuiyan et al. (2003) six facial features are...Toyama, K., Krüger, V., 2001. Hierarchical Wavelet Networks for Facial Feature Localization. ICCV’01 Workshop on Recognition, Analysis and... pathological  (red) and normal structure (blue) (b)  signed distance map (negative distance indicates the  pathological  shape is inside) (c) raw

  6. Sex differences in attention to disgust facial expressions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kraines, Morganne A; Kelberer, Lucas J A; Wells, Tony T

    2017-12-01

    Research demonstrates that women experience disgust more readily and with more intensity than men. The experience of disgust is associated with increased attention to disgust-related stimuli, but no prior study has examined sex differences in attention to disgust facial expressions. We hypothesised that women, compared to men, would demonstrate increased attention to disgust facial expressions. Participants (n = 172) completed an eye tracking task to measure visual attention to emotional facial expressions. Results indicated that women spent more time attending to disgust facial expressions compared to men. Unexpectedly, we found that men spent significantly more time attending to neutral faces compared to women. The findings indicate that women's increased experience of emotional disgust also extends to attention to disgust facial stimuli. These findings may help to explain sex differences in the experience of disgust and in diagnoses of anxiety disorders in which disgust plays an important role.

  7. Overview of Facial Plastic Surgery and Current Developments

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chuang, Jessica; Barnes, Christian; Wong, Brian J. F.

    2016-01-01

    Facial plastic surgery is a multidisciplinary specialty largely driven by otolaryngology but includes oral maxillary surgery, dermatology, ophthalmology, and plastic surgery. It encompasses both reconstructive and cosmetic components. The scope of practice for facial plastic surgeons in the United States may include rhinoplasty, browlifts, blepharoplasty, facelifts, microvascular reconstruction of the head and neck, craniomaxillofacial trauma reconstruction, and correction of defects in the face after skin cancer resection. Facial plastic surgery also encompasses the use of injectable fillers, neural modulators (e.g., BOTOX Cosmetic, Allergan Pharmaceuticals, Westport, Ireland), lasers, and other devices aimed at rejuvenating skin. Facial plastic surgery is a constantly evolving field with continuing innovative advances in surgical techniques and cosmetic adjunctive technologies. This article aims to give an overview of the various procedures that encompass the field of facial plastic surgery and to highlight the recent advances and trends in procedures and surgical techniques. PMID:28824978

  8. Enhanced subliminal emotional responses to dynamic facial expressions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wataru eSato

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available Emotional processing without conscious awareness plays an important role in human social interaction. Several behavioral studies reported that subliminal presentation of photographs of emotional facial expressions induces unconscious emotional processing. However, it was difficult to elicit strong and robust effects using this method. We hypothesized that dynamic presentations of facial expressions would enhance subliminal emotional effects and tested this hypothesis with two experiments. Fearful or happy facial expressions were presented dynamically or statically in either the left or the right visual field for 20 (Experiment 1 and 30 (Experiment 2 ms. Nonsense target ideographs were then presented, and participants reported their preference for them. The results consistently showed that dynamic presentations of emotional facial expressions induced more evident emotional biases toward subsequent targets than did static ones. These results indicate that dynamic presentations of emotional facial expressions induce more evident unconscious emotional processing.

  9. Centralization or decentralization of facial structures in Korean young adults.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yoo, Ja-Young; Kim, Jeong-Nam; Shin, Kang-Jae; Kim, Soon-Heum; Choi, Hyun-Gon; Jeon, Hyun-Soo; Koh, Ki-Seok; Song, Wu-Chul

    2013-05-01

    It is well known that facial beauty is dictated by facial type, and harmony between the eyes, nose, and mouth. Furthermore, facial impression is judged according to the overall facial contour and the relationship between the facial structures. The aims of the present study were to determine the optimal criteria for the assessment of gathering or separation of the facial structures and to define standardized ratios for centralization or decentralization of the facial structures.Four different lengths were measured, and 2 indexes were calculated from standardized photographs of 551 volunteers. Centralization and decentralization were assessed using the width index (interpupillary distance / facial width) and height index (eyes-mouth distance / facial height). The mean ranges of the width index and height index were 42.0 to 45.0 and 36.0 to 39.0, respectively. The width index did not differ with sex, but males had more decentralized faces, and females had more centralized faces, vertically. The incidence rate of decentralized faces among the men was 30.3%, and that of centralized faces among the women was 25.2%.The mean ranges in width and height indexes have been determined in a Korean population. Faces with width and height index scores under and over the median ranges are determined to be "centralized" and "decentralized," respectively.

  10. FACIAL PAIN·

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    -As the conditions which cause pain in the facial structures are many and varied, the ... involvement of the auriculo-temporal nerve and is usually relieved by avulsion of that .... of its effects. If it is uspected that a lesion in the po terior fossa ma ...

  11. Botulinum toxin treatment for facial palsy: A systematic review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cooper, Lilli; Lui, Michael; Nduka, Charles

    2017-06-01

    Facial palsy may be complicated by ipsilateral synkinesis or contralateral hyperkinesis. Botulinum toxin is increasingly used in the management of facial palsy; however, the optimum dose, treatment interval, adjunct therapy and performance as compared with alternative treatments have not been well established. This study aimed to systematically review the evidence for the use of botulinum toxin in facial palsy. The Cochrane central register of controlled trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE(R) (1946 to September 2015) and Embase Classic + Embase (1947 to September 2015) were searched for randomised studies using botulinum toxin in facial palsy. Forty-seven studies were identified, and three included. Their physical and patient-reported outcomes are described, and observations and cautions are discussed. Facial asymmetry has a strong correlation to subjective domains such as impairment in social interaction and perception of self-image and appearance. Botulinum toxin injections represent a minimally invasive technique that is helpful in restoring facial symmetry at rest and during movement in chronic, and potentially acute, facial palsy. Botulinum toxin in combination with physical therapy may be particularly helpful. Currently, there is a paucity of data; areas for further research are suggested. A strong body of evidence may allow botulinum toxin treatment to be nationally standardised and recommended in the management of facial palsy. Copyright © 2017 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  12. The influence of context on distinct facial expressions of disgust.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Reschke, Peter J; Walle, Eric A; Knothe, Jennifer M; Lopez, Lukas D

    2018-06-11

    Face perception is susceptible to contextual influence and perceived physical similarities between emotion cues. However, studies often use structurally homogeneous facial expressions, making it difficult to explore how within-emotion variability in facial configuration affects emotion perception. This study examined the influence of context on the emotional perception of categorically identical, yet physically distinct, facial expressions of disgust. Participants categorized two perceptually distinct disgust facial expressions, "closed" (i.e., scrunched nose, closed mouth) and "open" (i.e., scrunched nose, open mouth, protruding tongue), that were embedded in contexts comprising emotion postures and scenes. Results demonstrated that the effect of nonfacial elements was significantly stronger for "open" disgust facial expressions than "closed" disgust facial expressions. These findings provide support that physical similarity within discrete categories of facial expressions is mutable and plays an important role in affective face perception. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

  13. Automatic three-dimensional quantitative analysis for evaluation of facial movement.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hontanilla, B; Aubá, C

    2008-01-01

    The aim of this study is to present a new 3D capture system of facial movements called FACIAL CLIMA. It is an automatic optical motion system that involves placing special reflecting dots on the subject's face and video recording with three infrared-light cameras the subject performing several face movements such as smile, mouth puckering, eye closure and forehead elevation. Images from the cameras are automatically processed with a software program that generates customised information such as 3D data on velocities and areas. The study has been performed in 20 healthy volunteers. The accuracy of the measurement process and the intrarater and interrater reliabilities have been evaluated. Comparison of a known distance and angle with those obtained by FACIAL CLIMA shows that this system is accurate to within 0.13 mm and 0.41 degrees . In conclusion, the accuracy of the FACIAL CLIMA system for evaluation of facial movements is demonstrated and also the high intrarater and interrater reliability. It has advantages with respect to other systems that have been developed for evaluation of facial movements, such as short calibration time, short measuring time, easiness to use and it provides not only distances but also velocities and areas. Thus the FACIAL CLIMA system could be considered as an adequate tool to assess the outcome of facial paralysis reanimation surgery. Thus, patients with facial paralysis could be compared between surgical centres such that effectiveness of facial reanimation operations could be evaluated.

  14. Posterior fossa gangliocytoma with facial nerve invasion: case report

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Koerbel Andrei

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available A 5 year-old boy with a cerebellar gangliocytoma with a peripheral right facial paresis and ataxia is presented. His MRI showed a heterogenous, diffuse lesion, isointense on T1 and hyperintense on T2-weigthed sequences, involving the right cerebellar hemisphere with direct extension into the right facial nerve. The present case is the first description of a gangliocytoma with direct facial nerve invasion, as demonstrated for the facial nerve paresis and supported by MRI and surgical inspection.

  15. Preliminary cephalometric study of the relationship between facial morphology and sex

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alhassan Kadri

    2018-06-01

    Full Text Available Morphology of the face depends on many factors, such as sex, ethnicity, race, climate, nutrition, genetic constitution and socio-economic status. In the developed countries, there is well established database on facial anthropometry and for the purpose of identification. In Ghana however, there is very little documented information on cephalometric indices for biometric and forensic purposes. This study therefore, aimed at establishing baseline data to assess the relationship between sex using upper, lower and total cephalometric indices. One hundred participants made up of sixty males and forty females from KNUST were recruited for the study. Linear facial anthropometry were taken using calibrated Shahe digital calipers whiles participants sat with head in natural position. The facial anthropometric measurements were generally higher in males than in females. Upper facial height, facial width, nasal width, biocular diameter, lower facial height, lip length and total facial height were statistically significant and (p < 0.05. The present study shows the existence of statistically significant sexual dimorphism in the study population using cephalo-facial dimensions. Keywords: Cephalometry, Facial height, Facial width, Nasal width, Biocular diameter, Sexually dimorphic

  16. Association of impaired facial affect recognition with basic facial and visual processing deficits in schizophrenia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Norton, Daniel; McBain, Ryan; Holt, Daphne J; Ongur, Dost; Chen, Yue

    2009-06-15

    Impaired emotion recognition has been reported in schizophrenia, yet the nature of this impairment is not completely understood. Recognition of facial emotion depends on processing affective and nonaffective facial signals, as well as basic visual attributes. We examined whether and how poor facial emotion recognition in schizophrenia is related to basic visual processing and nonaffective face recognition. Schizophrenia patients (n = 32) and healthy control subjects (n = 29) performed emotion discrimination, identity discrimination, and visual contrast detection tasks, where the emotionality, distinctiveness of identity, or visual contrast was systematically manipulated. Subjects determined which of two presentations in a trial contained the target: the emotional face for emotion discrimination, a specific individual for identity discrimination, and a sinusoidal grating for contrast detection. Patients had significantly higher thresholds (worse performance) than control subjects for discriminating both fearful and happy faces. Furthermore, patients' poor performance in fear discrimination was predicted by performance in visual detection and face identity discrimination. Schizophrenia patients require greater emotional signal strength to discriminate fearful or happy face images from neutral ones. Deficient emotion recognition in schizophrenia does not appear to be determined solely by affective processing but is also linked to the processing of basic visual and facial information.

  17. Combinación de colgajos locales y libre microvascularizado para reconstrucción del tercio facial inferior tras traumatismo por arma de fuego Combination of local and free microvascularized flaps for reconstruction of the lower third of the face after gunshot injury

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Laura Villanueva-Alcojol

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available El traumatismo por arma de fuego en el territorio maxilofacial constituye uno de los mayores retos a los que se enfrenta el cirujano a la hora de la reconstrucción. La diferencia esencial con otro tipo de traumatismos es la severidad de la lesión y la pérdida de tejidos óseos y blandos. Podemos encontrar en la literatura numerosos artículos sobre reconstrucción facial tras extirpación oncológica; sin embargo, hay pocos documentos que discutan la utilización de colgajos locales y libres microvascularizados para reconstrucción de defectos tras traumatismos de alta energía, y los algoritmos terapéuticos para reconstrucción postraumática. En este trabajo se presenta un caso de reconstrucción del tercio inferior facial tras intento de autolisis y se hace una revisión de los principios de tratamiento de este tipo de pacientes.Gunshot wounds to the maxillofacial region are a challenging problem for the surgeon responsible for reconstruction. The essential difference with respect to other injuries is the severity of the lesion and soft and hard tissue loss. Extensive literature exists on facial reconstruction following tumor extirpation, but there are few reports on the use of local flaps and free tissue transfer for the post-traumatic reconstruction of high-energy defects and therapeutic algorithms for post-traumatic reconstruction. The authors report the case of a patient with reconstruction of the lower third of the face after a suicide attempt and review the principles of treatment of these patients.

  18. MANEJO INTEGRAL DE LA PARÁLISIS FACIAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    DRA. Susana Benítez S.

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available La parálisis facial afecta la musculatura de la mímica facial, generando alteraciones estéticas, funcionales y psicosociales. El manejo multidisciplinario es clave para lograr los mejores resultados, especialmente como apoyo a la cirugía reconstructiva. La estrategia de tratamiento está basada en un enfrentamiento sistemático de acuerdo a las características semiológicas y electromiográficas de cada paciente, lo que permite agruparlos de acuerdo a la reversibilidad y severidad de su patología. Los métodos de reconstrucción quirúrgica pueden ser estáticos o dinámicos (injerto cruzado de nervio sural, colgajo muscular libre con injerto de nervio sural ipsilateral o cruzado y colgajo mini-temporal. Incorporar la terapia física dentro del protocolo quirúrgico puede lograr mayor activación muscular, mayor simetría facial y reducir molestias postoperatorias como el edema facial, manejo de cicatrices, entre otros. Aunque existe reconocimiento sobre el impacto que posee el tratamiento de la parálisis facial, no existe a la fecha amplio consenso sobre cuál es el óptimo manejo de esta condición, y a pesar de los avances reportados durante los últimos años y la cantidad de técnicas propuestas en la literatura, la reanimación facial sigue siendo un desafío en cirugía reparadora.

  19. Decoding Facial Expressions: A New Test with Decoding Norms.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Leathers, Dale G.; Emigh, Ted H.

    1980-01-01

    Describes the development and testing of a new facial meaning sensitivity test designed to determine how specialized are the meanings that can be decoded from facial expressions. Demonstrates the use of the test to measure a receiver's current level of skill in decoding facial expressions. (JMF)

  20. Wireless electronic-tattoo for long-term high fidelity facial muscle recordings

    Science.gov (United States)

    Inzelberg, Lilah; David Pur, Moshe; Steinberg, Stanislav; Rand, David; Farah, Maroun; Hanein, Yael

    2017-05-01

    Facial surface electromyography (sEMG) is a powerful tool for objective evaluation of human facial expressions and was accordingly suggested in recent years for a wide range of psychological and neurological assessment applications. Owing to technical challenges, in particular the cumbersome gelled electrodes, the use of facial sEMG was so far limited. Using innovative facial temporary tattoos optimized specifically for facial applications, we demonstrate the use of sEMG as a platform for robust identification of facial muscle activation. In particular, differentiation between diverse facial muscles is demonstrated. We also demonstrate a wireless version of the system. The potential use of the presented technology for user-experience monitoring and objective psychological and neurological evaluations is discussed.

  1. Los hospitales de soporte combativo para la práctica quirúrgica contemporánea en escenarios de acciones combativas

    OpenAIRE

    Velázquez Pupo, Alejandro; Martínez Alvarado, Miguel Vicente; Escalona Blanchey, Yanet; Menéndez López, José Rogelio

    2016-01-01

    Las demandas de la práctica quirúrgica contemporánea en los escenarios de acciones combativas crecen tanto por la cantidad de las heridas de guerra que ameritan una intervención quirúrgica, como por la calidad y destrucción que los agentes vulnerantes contemporáneos disponibles producen. Eso provoca que los servicios médicos procuren proporcionar buenas prácticas quirúrgicas en los escenarios más hostiles imaginables. Para ello, fue necesario dotar a las instituciones médicas desplegadas de u...

  2. Time perception and dynamics of facial expressions of emotions.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sophie L Fayolle

    Full Text Available Two experiments were run to examine the effects of dynamic displays of facial expressions of emotions on time judgments. The participants were given a temporal bisection task with emotional facial expressions presented in a dynamic or a static display. Two emotional facial expressions and a neutral expression were tested and compared. Each of the emotional expressions had the same affective valence (unpleasant, but one was high-arousing (expressing anger and the other low-arousing (expressing sadness. Our results showed that time judgments are highly sensitive to movements in facial expressions and the emotions expressed. Indeed, longer perceived durations were found in response to the dynamic faces and the high-arousing emotional expressions compared to the static faces and low-arousing expressions. In addition, the facial movements amplified the effect of emotions on time perception. Dynamic facial expressions are thus interesting tools for examining variations in temporal judgments in different social contexts.

  3. Visual Working Memory Capacity for Emotional Facial Expressions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Domagoj Švegar

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available The capacity of visual working memory is limited to no more than four items. At the same time, it is limited not only by the number of objects, but also by the total amount of information that needs to be memorized, and the relation between the information load per object and the number of objects that can be stored into visual working memory is inverse. The objective of the present experiment was to compute visual working memory capacity for emotional facial expressions, and in order to do so, change detection tasks were applied. Pictures of human emotional facial expressions were presented to 24 participants in 1008 experimental trials, each of which began with a presentation of a fixation mark, which was followed by a short simultaneous presentation of six emotional facial expressions. After that, a blank screen was presented, and after such inter-stimulus interval, one facial expression was presented at one of previously occupied locations. Participants had to answer if the facial expression presented at test is different or identical as the expression presented at that same location before the retention interval. Memory capacity was estimated through accuracy of responding, by the formula constructed by Pashler (1988, adopted from signal detection theory. It was found that visual working memory capacity for emotional facial expressions equals 3.07, which is high compared to capacity for facial identities and other visual stimuli. The obtained results were explained within the framework of evolutionary psychology.

  4. Automatic Facial Expression Recognition and Operator Functional State

    Science.gov (United States)

    Blanson, Nina

    2012-01-01

    The prevalence of human error in safety-critical occupations remains a major challenge to mission success despite increasing automation in control processes. Although various methods have been proposed to prevent incidences of human error, none of these have been developed to employ the detection and regulation of Operator Functional State (OFS), or the optimal condition of the operator while performing a task, in work environments due to drawbacks such as obtrusiveness and impracticality. A video-based system with the ability to infer an individual's emotional state from facial feature patterning mitigates some of the problems associated with other methods of detecting OFS, like obtrusiveness and impracticality in integration with the mission environment. This paper explores the utility of facial expression recognition as a technology for inferring OFS by first expounding on the intricacies of OFS and the scientific background behind emotion and its relationship with an individual's state. Then, descriptions of the feedback loop and the emotion protocols proposed for the facial recognition program are explained. A basic version of the facial expression recognition program uses Haar classifiers and OpenCV libraries to automatically locate key facial landmarks during a live video stream. Various methods of creating facial expression recognition software are reviewed to guide future extensions of the program. The paper concludes with an examination of the steps necessary in the research of emotion and recommendations for the creation of an automatic facial expression recognition program for use in real-time, safety-critical missions

  5. Automatic Facial Expression Recognition and Operator Functional State

    Science.gov (United States)

    Blanson, Nina

    2011-01-01

    The prevalence of human error in safety-critical occupations remains a major challenge to mission success despite increasing automation in control processes. Although various methods have been proposed to prevent incidences of human error, none of these have been developed to employ the detection and regulation of Operator Functional State (OFS), or the optimal condition of the operator while performing a task, in work environments due to drawbacks such as obtrusiveness and impracticality. A video-based system with the ability to infer an individual's emotional state from facial feature patterning mitigates some of the problems associated with other methods of detecting OFS, like obtrusiveness and impracticality in integration with the mission environment. This paper explores the utility of facial expression recognition as a technology for inferring OFS by first expounding on the intricacies of OFS and the scientific background behind emotion and its relationship with an individual's state. Then, descriptions of the feedback loop and the emotion protocols proposed for the facial recognition program are explained. A basic version of the facial expression recognition program uses Haar classifiers and OpenCV libraries to automatically locate key facial landmarks during a live video stream. Various methods of creating facial expression recognition software are reviewed to guide future extensions of the program. The paper concludes with an examination of the steps necessary in the research of emotion and recommendations for the creation of an automatic facial expression recognition program for use in real-time, safety-critical missions.

  6. Facial Expression Generation from Speaker's Emotional States in Daily Conversation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mori, Hiroki; Ohshima, Koh

    A framework for generating facial expressions from emotional states in daily conversation is described. It provides a mapping between emotional states and facial expressions, where the former is represented by vectors with psychologically-defined abstract dimensions, and the latter is coded by the Facial Action Coding System. In order to obtain the mapping, parallel data with rated emotional states and facial expressions were collected for utterances of a female speaker, and a neural network was trained with the data. The effectiveness of proposed method is verified by a subjective evaluation test. As the result, the Mean Opinion Score with respect to the suitability of generated facial expression was 3.86 for the speaker, which was close to that of hand-made facial expressions.

  7. Long-term psychological functioning of adults with severe congenital facial disfigurement.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Versnel, Sarah L; Plomp, Raul G; Passchier, Jan; Duivenvoorden, Hugo J; Mathijssen, Irene M J

    2012-01-01

    In adults with severe congenital facial disfigurement, assessment of long-term psychological impact remains limited. This study determines the long-term psychological functioning in these patients and evaluates differences compared with patients with acquired facial disfigurement and a non-facially disfigured reference group. Also explored is the extent to which psychological functioning of the congenital group is related to satisfaction with facial appearance, fear of negative appearance evaluation by others, self-esteem, and severity of the facial deformity. Fifty-nine adults with severe congenital facial disfigurement, 59 adults with a traumatically acquired facial deformity in adulthood, and 120 non-facially disfigured adults completed standardized psychological, physical, and demographic questionnaires, including the Fear of Negative Appearance Evaluation Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Achenbach Adult Self-Report, the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, and a visual analogue scale. Adults with severe congenital facial disfigurement had relatively normal psychological functioning but appeared more prone to internalizing problems than the non-facially disfigured adults. Compared with patients with an acquired facial deformity, the congenital group displayed fewer problems on the physical component score of quality of life only. Satisfaction with facial appearance, fear of negative appearance evaluation, and self-esteem were good predictors of the different aspects of psychological functioning, with the exception of the physical component score of quality of life. Improving satisfaction with facial appearance (by surgery), enhancing self-esteem, or lowering fear of negative appearance evaluation (by psychological support) may enhance long-term psychological functioning. Future research should focus on the individual patient and risk factors for maladjustment. Risk, II.

  8. Nerve growth factor reduces apoptotic cell death in rat facial motor neurons after facial nerve injury.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hui, Lian; Yuan, Jing; Ren, Zhong; Jiang, Xuejun

    2015-01-01

    To assess the effects of nerve growth factor (NGF) on motor neurons after induction of a facial nerve lesion, and to compare the effects of different routes of NGF injection on motor neuron survival. This study was carried out in the Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, China Medical University, Liaoning, China from October 2012 to March 2013. Male Wistar rats (n = 65) were randomly assigned into 4 groups: A) healthy controls; B) facial nerve lesion model + normal saline injection; C) facial nerve lesion model + NGF injection through the stylomastoid foramen; D) facial nerve lesion model + intraperitoneal injection of NGF. Apoptotic cell death was detected using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling assay. Expression of caspase-3 and p53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) was determined by immunohistochemistry. Injection of NGF significantly reduced cell apoptosis, and also greatly decreased caspase-3 and PUMA expression in injured motor neurons. Group C exhibited better efficacy for preventing cellular apoptosis and decreasing caspase-3 and PUMA expression compared with group D (pfacial nerve injury in rats. The NGF injected through the stylomastoid foramen demonstrated better protective efficacy than when injected intraperitoneally.

  9. Effects of Face and Background Color on Facial Expression Perception

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tetsuto Minami

    2018-06-01

    Full Text Available Detecting others’ emotional states from their faces is an essential component of successful social interaction. However, the ability to perceive emotional expressions is reported to be modulated by a number of factors. We have previously found that facial color modulates the judgment of facial expression, while another study has shown that background color plays a modulatory role. Therefore, in this study, we directly compared the effects of face and background color on facial expression judgment within a single experiment. Fear-to-anger morphed faces were presented in face and background color conditions. Our results showed that judgments of facial expressions was influenced by both face and background color. However, facial color effects were significantly greater than background color effects, although the color saturation of faces was lower compared to background colors. These results suggest that facial color is intimately related to the judgment of facial expression, over and above the influence of simple color.

  10. Factors associated with the healing of complex surgical wounds in the breast and abdomen: retrospective cohort study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Borges, Eline Lima; Pires, José Ferreira; Abreu, Mery Natali Silva; Lima, Vera Lúcia de Araújo; Silva, Patrícia Aparecida Barbosa; Soares, Sônia Maria

    2016-10-10

    a 15 dias, enquanto uso de cobertura hidrocoloide e tela de Marlex estiveram associados a um menor risco de cicatrização. a taxa de cura da ferida foi considerada elevada, e esteve associada ao tipo de intervenção cirúrgica, consumo de etanol, tipo de cobertura, extensão e tempo de existência da ferida. Condutas preventivas podem ser implementadas durante o acompanhamento da evolução do fechamento da ferida cirúrgica complexa, com possibilidades de intervenção nos fatores de risco modificáveis. estimar la tasa de cicatrización de herida quirúrgica compleja y sus factores asociados. cohorte retrospectivo de 2003 a 2014 con 160 pacientes de ambulatorio de un hospital universitario brasileño. Los datos fueron obtenidos por medio de consulta a las fichas médicas. La función de supervivencia fue estimada por el método de Kaplan-Meier y el modelo de regresión de Cox para estimar el riesgo de ocurrencia de cicatrización. la tasa de cicatrización de la herida quirúrgica compleja fue 67,8% (IC 95%: 60,8-74,9). Los factores asociados a un mayor riesgo de cicatrización de la herida fueron cirugía de sectorectomía / cuadrantectomía, consumo de más de 20 gramos/día de etanol, extensión de la herida menor que 17,3 cm2 y tiempo de existencia de la herida antes del tratamiento en ambulatorio inferior a 15 días; en lo que se refiere al uso de cubrimiento hidrocoloide y tela de Marlex estuvieron asociados a un menor riesgo de cicatrización. la tasa de cura de la herida fue considerada elevada, y estuvo asociada al tipo de intervención quirúrgica, consumo de etanol, tipo de cubrimiento, extensión y tiempo de existencia de la herida. Conductas preventivas pueden ser implementadas durante el acompañamiento de la evolución del cierre de la herida quirúrgica compleja, con posibilidades de intervenir sobre los factores de riesgo modificables.

  11. La lucidez es la herida mas cercana al sol

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan E. Manuel Roca

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available La comunicación interpersonal, muchas veces es dejada de lado por los comunicólogos, sin embargo tiene suma gravitación en las relaciones cotidianas entre las personas y en los procesos comunicacionales, toca el lenguaje de los gestos, la (in comunicación política, ceremonial y protocolo, intermediación en la comunicación, los jóvenes se incomunican. Respecto al Periodismo Investigativo señala que a pesar de los riesgos que implica el periodismo investigativo, muchos profesionales de América Latina no dudan en practicarlo, escudriñando muchas veces en temas que de no ser por ellos permanecerían ocultos. En otro artículo se habla de la importante repercusión que tuvo en América Latina el concurso CHASQUI, el que contó con la participación de profesionales de todo el continente. Incluye la entrega de entrevistas a destacados comunicadores de América Latina. Una sección está dedicada a las nuevas tecnologías: red de noticias y transmisiones vía satélite.

  12. Combat-Related Facial Burns: Analysis of Strategic Pitfalls

    Science.gov (United States)

    2015-01-01

    OMB control number. 1. REPORT DATE 01 JAN 2015 2. REPORT TYPE N/A 3. DATES COVERED - 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Combat Related Facial Burns...facial autograft failure, number and types of early eyelid release procedures, rates of concomitant facial fractures, associated fungal infec- tion...allograft or autograft. In a pro- spective observational study examining the late out- comes of grafting of burned faces, the surgeon debrided the wound

  13. The review and results of different methods for facial recognition

    Science.gov (United States)

    Le, Yifan

    2017-09-01

    In recent years, facial recognition draws much attention due to its wide potential applications. As a unique technology in Biometric Identification, facial recognition represents a significant improvement since it could be operated without cooperation of people under detection. Hence, facial recognition will be taken into defense system, medical detection, human behavior understanding, etc. Several theories and methods have been established to make progress in facial recognition: (1) A novel two-stage facial landmark localization method is proposed which has more accurate facial localization effect under specific database; (2) A statistical face frontalization method is proposed which outperforms state-of-the-art methods for face landmark localization; (3) It proposes a general facial landmark detection algorithm to handle images with severe occlusion and images with large head poses; (4) There are three methods proposed on Face Alignment including shape augmented regression method, pose-indexed based multi-view method and a learning based method via regressing local binary features. The aim of this paper is to analyze previous work of different aspects in facial recognition, focusing on concrete method and performance under various databases. In addition, some improvement measures and suggestions in potential applications will be put forward.

  14. Magnetoencephalographic study on facial movements

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kensaku eMiki

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available In this review, we introduced our three studies that focused on facial movements. In the first study, we examined the temporal characteristics of neural responses elicited by viewing mouth movements, and assessed differences between the responses to mouth opening and closing movements and an averting eyes condition. Our results showed that the occipitotemporal area, the human MT/V5 homologue, was active in the perception of both mouth and eye motions. Viewing mouth and eye movements did not elicit significantly different activity in the occipitotemporal area, which indicated that perception of the movement of facial parts may be processed in the same manner, and this is different from motion in general. In the second study, we investigated whether early activity in the occipitotemporal region evoked by eye movements was influenced by a face contour and/or features such as the mouth. Our results revealed specific information processing for eye movements in the occipitotemporal region, and this activity was significantly influenced by whether movements appeared with the facial contour and/or features, in other words, whether the eyes moved, even if the movement itself was the same. In the third study, we examined the effects of inverting the facial contour (hair and chin and features (eyes, nose, and mouth on processing for static and dynamic face perception. Our results showed the following: (1 In static face perception, activity in the right fusiform area was affected more by the inversion of features while that in the left fusiform area was affected more by a disruption in the spatial relationship between the contour and features, and (2 In dynamic face perception, activity in the right occipitotemporal area was affected by the inversion of the facial contour.

  15. [Neurological disease and facial recognition].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kawamura, Mitsuru; Sugimoto, Azusa; Kobayakawa, Mutsutaka; Tsuruya, Natsuko

    2012-07-01

    To discuss the neurological basis of facial recognition, we present our case reports of impaired recognition and a review of previous literature. First, we present a case of infarction and discuss prosopagnosia, which has had a large impact on face recognition research. From a study of patient symptoms, we assume that prosopagnosia may be caused by unilateral right occipitotemporal lesion and right cerebral dominance of facial recognition. Further, circumscribed lesion and degenerative disease may also cause progressive prosopagnosia. Apperceptive prosopagnosia is observed in patients with posterior cortical atrophy (PCA), pathologically considered as Alzheimer's disease, and associative prosopagnosia in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Second, we discuss face recognition as part of communication. Patients with Parkinson disease show social cognitive impairments, such as difficulty in facial expression recognition and deficits in theory of mind as detected by the reading the mind in the eyes test. Pathological and functional imaging studies indicate that social cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease is possibly related to damages in the amygdalae and surrounding limbic system. The social cognitive deficits can be observed in the early stages of Parkinson disease, and even in the prodromal stage, for example, patients with rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) show impairment in facial expression recognition. Further, patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM 1), which is a multisystem disease that mainly affects the muscles, show social cognitive impairment similar to that of Parkinson disease. Our previous study showed that facial expression recognition impairment of DM 1 patients is associated with lesion in the amygdalae and insulae. Our study results indicate that behaviors and personality traits in DM 1 patients, which are revealed by social cognitive impairment, are attributable to dysfunction of the limbic system.

  16. Facial nerve palsy associated with a cystic lesion of the temporal bone.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Na Hyun; Shin, Seung-Ho

    2014-03-01

    Facial nerve palsy results in the loss of facial expression and is most commonly caused by a benign, self-limiting inflammatory condition known as Bell palsy. However, there are other conditions that may cause facial paralysis, such as neoplastic conditions of the facial nerve, traumatic nerve injury, and temporal bone lesions. We present a case of facial nerve palsy concurrent with a benign cystic lesion of the temporal bone, adjacent to the tympanic segment of the facial nerve. The patient's symptoms subsided after facial nerve decompression via a transmastoid approach.

  17. Facial Expression Recognition using Multiclass Ensemble Least-Square Support Vector Machine

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lawi, Armin; Sya'Rani Machrizzandi, M.

    2018-03-01

    Facial expression is one of behavior characteristics of human-being. The use of biometrics technology system with facial expression characteristics makes it possible to recognize a person’s mood or emotion. The basic components of facial expression analysis system are face detection, face image extraction, facial classification and facial expressions recognition. This paper uses Principal Component Analysis (PCA) algorithm to extract facial features with expression parameters, i.e., happy, sad, neutral, angry, fear, and disgusted. Then Multiclass Ensemble Least-Squares Support Vector Machine (MELS-SVM) is used for the classification process of facial expression. The result of MELS-SVM model obtained from our 185 different expression images of 10 persons showed high accuracy level of 99.998% using RBF kernel.

  18. Middle ear osteoma causing progressive facial nerve weakness: a case report.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Curtis, Kate; Bance, Manohar; Carter, Michael; Hong, Paul

    2014-09-18

    Facial nerve weakness is most commonly due to Bell's palsy or cerebrovascular accidents. Rarely, middle ear tumor presents with facial nerve dysfunction. We report a very unusual case of middle ear osteoma in a 49-year-old Caucasian woman causing progressive facial nerve deficit. A subtle middle ear lesion was observed on otoscopy and computed tomographic images demonstrated an osseous middle ear tumor. Complete surgical excision resulted in the partial recovery of facial nerve function. Facial nerve dysfunction is rarely caused by middle ear tumors. The weakness is typically due to a compressive effect on the middle ear portion of the facial nerve. Early recognition is crucial since removal of these lesions may lead to the recuperation of facial nerve function.

  19. La República, la Guerra Civil Española y su impacto en la colectividad española de Valparaíso

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Baldomero Estrada Turra

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available Se analiza la evolución que tiene la colectividad española de Valparaíso durante la década de 1930 cuando España se ve afectada por la instauracion de la República y luego por la Guerra Civil. La ruptura que afectó a la comunidad española, como efecto de los acontecimientos de España, fue de una profundidad mayor que en otras ciudades del país y marcó su desarrollo institucional y comunitario por muchos años. Solo el paso de los años y los cambios generacionales permitieron superar las heridas del pasado.

  20. Clinical characteristics of patients with facial psoriasis in Malaysia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Syed Nong Chek, Sharifah Rosniza; Robinson, Suganthy; Mohd Affandi, Azura; Baharum, Nurakmal

    2016-10-01

    Psoriasis involving the face is visible and can cause considerable emotional distress to patients. Its presence may also confer a poorer prognosis for the patient. This study sought to evaluate the characteristics of facial psoriasis in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study conducted using data from the Malaysian Psoriasis Registry from 2007 to 2011. Specific risk factors, i.e., age, age of onset, gender, duration of disease, obesity group, body surface area, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), family history of psoriasis, nail involvement, psoriatic arthritis, phototherapy, systemic therapy, clinic visit, days of work/school, and hospital admission due to psoriasis in the last 6 months were analyzed. A total of 48.4% of patients had facial psoriasis. Variables significantly associated with facial psoriasis are younger age, younger age of onset of psoriasis of ≤ 40 years, male, severity of psoriasis involving >10% of the body surface area, higher DLQI of >10, nail involvement, and history of hospitalization due to psoriasis. This study found that facial psoriasis is not as rare as previously thought. Ambient ultraviolet light, sebum, and contact with chemicals from facial products may reduce the severity of facial psoriasis, but these factors do not reduce the prevalence of facial psoriasis. The association with younger age, younger age of onset, higher percentage of body surface area involvement, higher DLQI of > 10, nail involvement, and hospitalization due to psoriasis support the notion that facial psoriasis is a marker of severe disease. © 2016 The International Society of Dermatology.

  1. Static facial expression recognition with convolution neural networks

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Feng; Chen, Zhong; Ouyang, Chao; Zhang, Yifei

    2018-03-01

    Facial expression recognition is a currently active research topic in the fields of computer vision, pattern recognition and artificial intelligence. In this paper, we have developed a convolutional neural networks (CNN) for classifying human emotions from static facial expression into one of the seven facial emotion categories. We pre-train our CNN model on the combined FER2013 dataset formed by train, validation and test set and fine-tune on the extended Cohn-Kanade database. In order to reduce the overfitting of the models, we utilized different techniques including dropout and batch normalization in addition to data augmentation. According to the experimental result, our CNN model has excellent classification performance and robustness for facial expression recognition.

  2. Female Facial Attractiveness Assessed from Three-Dimensional Contour Lines by University Students

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jinwara Jirathamopas

    2018-05-01

    Full Text Available Background: Three-dimensional (3D images could provide more accurate evaluation for facial attractiveness than two-dimensional (2D images. The 3D facial image could be simplified into gray scale 3D contour lines. Whether female facial attractiveness could be perceived in these simplified 3D facial contour lines should be determined. Methods: A series of 100 2D photographs (one frontal and two lateral views and 3D contour lines extracted from 3D facial images of females were projected onto a screen. Each image presentation lasted 5 s, and the evaluators marked their impression of each image’s facial attractiveness on a five-point Likert scale within 3 s of its presentation. The evaluation of the 3D contour lines was performed twice, 2 weeks apart. The evaluators were university students. Results: High consistency (r = 0.92 was found for the first and second evaluation of 3D facial contour lines for female facial attractiveness. The judgments of unattractive face were more consistent than the judgments of attractive face. Male students tended to give lower scores than female students in the evaluation of female facial attractiveness. Conclusions: Female facial attractiveness could be evaluated by 3D facial contour lines. 3D facial contour lines should be one of the key factors of facial attractiveness.

  3. Tensor Rank Preserving Discriminant Analysis for Facial Recognition.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tao, Dapeng; Guo, Yanan; Li, Yaotang; Gao, Xinbo

    2017-10-12

    Facial recognition, one of the basic topics in computer vision and pattern recognition, has received substantial attention in recent years. However, for those traditional facial recognition algorithms, the facial images are reshaped to a long vector, thereby losing part of the original spatial constraints of each pixel. In this paper, a new tensor-based feature extraction algorithm termed tensor rank preserving discriminant analysis (TRPDA) for facial image recognition is proposed; the proposed method involves two stages: in the first stage, the low-dimensional tensor subspace of the original input tensor samples was obtained; in the second stage, discriminative locality alignment was utilized to obtain the ultimate vector feature representation for subsequent facial recognition. On the one hand, the proposed TRPDA algorithm fully utilizes the natural structure of the input samples, and it applies an optimization criterion that can directly handle the tensor spectral analysis problem, thereby decreasing the computation cost compared those traditional tensor-based feature selection algorithms. On the other hand, the proposed TRPDA algorithm extracts feature by finding a tensor subspace that preserves most of the rank order information of the intra-class input samples. Experiments on the three facial databases are performed here to determine the effectiveness of the proposed TRPDA algorithm.

  4. Macaques can predict social outcomes from facial expressions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Waller, Bridget M; Whitehouse, Jamie; Micheletta, Jérôme

    2016-09-01

    There is widespread acceptance that facial expressions are useful in social interactions, but empirical demonstration of their adaptive function has remained elusive. Here, we investigated whether macaques can use the facial expressions of others to predict the future outcomes of social interaction. Crested macaques (Macaca nigra) were shown an approach between two unknown individuals on a touchscreen and were required to choose between one of two potential social outcomes. The facial expressions of the actors were manipulated in the last frame of the video. One subject reached the experimental stage and accurately predicted different social outcomes depending on which facial expressions the actors displayed. The bared-teeth display (homologue of the human smile) was most strongly associated with predicted friendly outcomes. Contrary to our predictions, screams and threat faces were not associated more with conflict outcomes. Overall, therefore, the presence of any facial expression (compared to neutral) caused the subject to choose friendly outcomes more than negative outcomes. Facial expression in general, therefore, indicated a reduced likelihood of social conflict. The findings dispute traditional theories that view expressions only as indicators of present emotion and instead suggest that expressions form part of complex social interactions where individuals think beyond the present.

  5. Cross-face nerve grafting for reanimation of incomplete facial paralysis: quantitative outcomes using the FACIAL CLIMA system and patient satisfaction.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hontanilla, Bernardo; Marre, Diego; Cabello, Alvaro

    2014-01-01

    Although in most cases Bell palsy resolves spontaneously, approximately one-third of patients will present sequela including facial synkinesis and paresis. Currently, the techniques available for reanimation of these patients include hypoglossal nerve transposition, free muscle transfer, and cross-face nerve grafting (CFNG). Between December 2008 and March 2012, eight patients with incomplete unilateral facial paralysis were reanimated with two-stage CFNG. Gender, age at surgery, etiology of paralysis denervation time, donor and recipient nerves, presence of facial synkinesis, and follow-up were registered. Commissural excursion and velocity and patient satisfaction were evaluated with the FACIAL CLIMA and a questionnaire, respectively. Mean age at surgery was 33.8 ± 11.5 years; mean time of denervation was 96.6 ± 109.8 months. No complications requiring surgery were registered. Follow-up period ranged from 7 to 33 months with a mean of 19 ± 9.7 months. FACIAL CLIMA showed improvement of both commissural excursion and velocity greater than 75% in 4 patients, greater than 50% in 2 patients, and less than 50% in the remaining two patients. Qualitative evaluation revealed a high grade of satisfaction in six patients (75%). Two-stage CFNG is a reliable technique for reanimation of incomplete facial paralysis with a high grade of patient satisfaction. Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

  6. Digital analysis of facial landmarks in determining facial midline among Punjabi population

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nirmal Kurian

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Introduction: Prosthodontic rehabilitation aims to achieve the best possible facial esthetic appearance for a patient. Attaining facial symmetry forms the basic element for esthetics, and knowledge of the midline of face will result in a better understanding of dentofacial esthetics. Currently, there are no guidelines that direct the choice of specific anatomic landmarks to determine the midline of the face or mouth. Most clinicians choose one specific anatomic landmark and an imaginary line passing through it. Thus, the clinician is left with no established guidelines to determine facial midline. Objective: The purpose of the study is to digitally determine the relationship of facial landmarks with midline of face and formulate a guideline for choosing anatomic landmark among Punjabi population. Materials and Methods: Three commonly used anatomic landmarks, namely nasion, tip of the nose, and tip of the philtrum, were marked clinically on 100 participants (age range: 21–45 years. Frontal full-face digital images of the participants in smile were then made under standardized conditions. Midline analysis was carried out digitally using an image analyzing software. The entire process of midline analysis was done by a single observer and repeated twice. Reliability analysis and one-sample t-tests were conducted. Results: The results indicated that each of the four landmarks deviated uniquely and significantly (P < 0.001 from the midlines of the face as well as the mouth. Conclusions: Within the limitations of the study, the hierarchy of anatomic landmarks closest to the midline of the face in smile was as follows: (1 Intercommissural midlines, (2 Tip of philtrum, (3 Nasion, (4 Tip of the nose, and (5 Dental midlines. The hierarchy of anatomical landmarks closest to the intercommissural/mouth midline was: (1 Tip of philtrum, (2 Tip of the nose, (3 Nasion, and (4 dental midline.

  7. Some Aspects of Facial Nerve Paralysis. Part III. Complications ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Some Aspects of Facial Nerve Paralysis. Part III. Complications, Prognosis and management. ... It should be possible to set a definite prognosis within 2 weeks after the onset of facial paralysis, and in many cases even sooner. In the prognosis of facial paralysis the aetiological and time factors involved, the completeness of ...

  8. DisFace: A Database of Human Facial Disorders

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paramjit Kaur

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available Face is an integral part of human body by which an individual communicates in the society. Its importance can be highlighted by the fact that a person deprived of face cannot sustain in the living world. In the past few decades, human face has gained attention of several researchers, whether it is related to facial anthropometry, facial disorder, face transplantation or face reconstruction. Several researches have also shown the correlation between neuropsychiatry disorders and human face and also that how face recognition abilities are correlated with these disorders. Currently, several databases exist which contain the facial images of several individuals captured from different sources. The advantage of these databases is that the images in these databases can be used for testing and training purpose. However, in current date no such database exists which would provide not only facial images of individuals; but also the literature concerning the human face, list of several genes controlling human face, list of facial disorders and various tools which work on facial images. Thus, the current research aims at developing a database of human facial disorders using bioinformatics approach. The database will contain information about facial diseases, medications, symptoms, findings, etc. The information will be extracted from several other databases like OMIM, PubChem, Radiopedia, Medline Plus, FDA, etc. and links to them will also be provided. Initially, the diseases specific for human face have been obtained from already created published corpora of literature using text mining approach. Becas tool was used to obtain the specific task.  A dataset will be created and stored in the form of database. It will be a database containing cross-referenced index of human facial diseases, medications, symptoms, signs, etc. Thus, a database on human face with complete existing information about human facial disorders will be developed. The novelty of the

  9. Anaplastology in times of facial transplantation: Still a reasonable treatment option?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Toso, Sabine Maria; Menzel, Kerstin; Motzkus, Yvonne; Klein, Martin; Menneking, Horst; Raguse, Jan-Dirk; Nahles, Susanne; Hoffmeister, Bodo; Adolphs, Nicolai

    2015-09-01

    Optimum functional and aesthetic facial reconstruction is still a challenge in patients who suffer from inborn or acquired facial deformity. It is known that functional and aesthetic impairment can result in significant psychosocial strain, leading to the social isolation of patients who are affected by major facial deformities. Microvascular techniques and increasing experience in facial transplantation certainly contribute to better restorative outcomes. However, these technologies also have some drawbacks, limitations and unsolved problems. Extensive facial defects which include several aesthetic units and dentition can be restored by combining dental prostheses and anaplastology, thus providing an adequate functional and aesthetic outcome in selected patients without the drawbacks of major surgical procedures. Referring to some representative patient cases, it is shown how extreme facial disfigurement after oncological surgery can be palliated by combining intraoral dentures with extraoral facial prostheses using individualized treatment and without the need for major reconstructive surgery. Copyright © 2015 European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  10. Judgments of facial attractiveness as a combination of facial parts information over time: Social and aesthetic factors.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Saegusa, Chihiro; Watanabe, Katsumi

    2016-02-01

    Facial attractiveness can be judged on the basis of visual information acquired in a very short duration, but the absolute level of attractiveness changes depending on the duration of the observation. However, how information from individual facial parts contributes to the judgment of whole-face attractiveness is unknown. In the current study, we examined how contributions of facial parts to the judgment of whole-face attractiveness would change over time. In separate sessions, participants evaluated the attractiveness of whole faces, as well as of the eyes, nose, and mouth after observing them for 20, 100, and 1,000 ms. Correlation and multiple regression analyses indicated that the eyes made a consistently high contribution to whole-face attractiveness, even with an observation duration of 20 ms, whereas the contribution of other facial parts increased as the observation duration grew longer. When the eyes were averted, the attractiveness ratings for the whole face were decreased marginally. In addition, the contribution advantage of the eyes at the 20-ms observation duration was diminished. We interpret these results to indicate that (a) eye gaze signals social attractiveness at the early stage (perhaps in combination with emotional expression), (b) other facial parts start contributing to the judgment of whole-face attractiveness by forming aesthetic attractiveness, and (c) there is a dynamic interplay between social and aesthetic attractiveness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

  11. Evolution of facial color pattern complexity in lemurs

    OpenAIRE

    Rakotonirina, Hanitriniaina; Kappeler, Peter M.; Fichtel, Claudia

    2017-01-01

    Interspecific variation in facial color patterns across New and Old World primates has been linked to species recognition and group size. Because group size has opposite effects on interspecific variation in facial color patterns in these two radiations, a study of the third large primate radiation may shed light on convergences and divergences in this context. We therefore compiled published social and ecological data and analyzed facial photographs of 65 lemur species to categorize variatio...

  12. Perception of facial profile attractiveness by a Saudi sample

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Talic, Nabeel; Alshakhs, Mohammad S.

    2008-01-01

    Previous studies have reported different levels of perception of attractiveness among different ethnicities and among varying education-level groups on facial profile rating.To study the perception of facial profile attractiveness among Saudi dentists and lay-individuals. Digital facial profile images with altered degree of prognathism and retrognathism were presented to a sample of 60 Saudi dentists and 60 lay-persons with equal gender distribution. High reliability of repeated assessment of profile images was detected (ICC=0.982). Significant difference in perception of facial profile was found between genders (P<0.05) and among the groups with different education backgrounds (P<0.001). General agreement was established in both sample groups on average facial profile to be the most attractive and on the most retrognathic profile to be the least attractive. (author)

  13. Granuloma Faciale Treatment: A Systematic Review

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claudia Lindhaus

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available Granuloma faciale is an uncommon benign chronic dermatosis characterized by reddish-brown to violaceous asymptomatic plaques appearing predominantly on the face. The pathogenesis of granuloma faciale remains unclear, and it is frequently unresponsive to therapy. This systematic review aims to summarize all recent publications on the management of granuloma faciale. The publications are mainly individual case reports, small case series and a few retrospective studies. Treatment options included topical, intralesional and systemic corticosteroids, topical pimecrolimus and tacrolimus, topical and systemic dapsone, systemic hydroxychloroquine, clofazimine, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors. More invasive therapies using lasers as well as cryosurgery and surgery were also reported. Topical glucocorticosteroids and tacrolimus remain treatments of first choice, possibly supplemented by topical dapsone.

  14. Unilateral facial pain and lung cancer

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shakespeare, T.P.; Stevens, M.J.

    1996-01-01

    Facial pain in lung cancer patients may be secondary to metastatic disease to the brain or skull base. Since 1983 there have been 19 published reports of hemi-facial pain as a non-metastatic complication of lung carcinoma. This report describes an additional case in whom unilateral face pain preceded the diagnosis of lung cancer by 9 months. A clinical diagnosis of trigeminal neuralgia was made after a normal brain CT scan. Later on the patient complained of global lethargy, weight loss and haemoptysis. A chest X-ray disclosed a 6 cm right hilar mass that was further defined with a whole body CT scan. The neural mechanism of the unilateral facial pain is discussed and the literature reviewed. 14 refs., 1 tab

  15. Unilateral facial pain and lung cancer

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Shakespeare, T.P.; Stevens, M.J. [Royal North Shore Hospital, Crows Nest, NSW (Australia)

    1996-02-01

    Facial pain in lung cancer patients may be secondary to metastatic disease to the brain or skull base. Since 1983 there have been 19 published reports of hemi-facial pain as a non-metastatic complication of lung carcinoma. This report describes an additional case in whom unilateral face pain preceded the diagnosis of lung cancer by 9 months. A clinical diagnosis of trigeminal neuralgia was made after a normal brain CT scan. Later on the patient complained of global lethargy, weight loss and haemoptysis. A chest X-ray disclosed a 6 cm right hilar mass that was further defined with a whole body CT scan. The neural mechanism of the unilateral facial pain is discussed and the literature reviewed. 14 refs., 1 tab.

  16. Facial duplication: case, review, and embryogenesis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Barr, M

    1982-04-01

    The craniofacial anatomy of an infant with facial duplication is described. There were four eyes, two noses, two maxillae, and one mandible. Anterior to the single pituitary the brain was duplicated and there was bilateral arhinencephaly. Portions of the brain were extruded into a large frontal encephalocele. Cases of symmetrical facial duplication reported in the literature range from two complete faces on a single head (diprosopus) to simple nasal duplication. The variety of patterns of duplication suggests that the doubling of facial components arises in several different ways: Forking of the notochord, duplication of the prosencephalon, duplication of the olfactory placodes, and duplication of maxillary and/or mandibular growth centers around the margins of the stomatodeal plate. Among reported cases, the female:male ratio is 2:1.

  17. Relação da presença de hiperacusia em pacientes com paralisia facial periférica de Bell Relation of hyperacusis and peripheral facial paralysis - Bell's palsy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raquel Ysabel Guzmán Liriano

    2004-12-01

    Full Text Available A paralisia de Bell é uma paralisia facial unilateral de início súbito e de causa desconhecida. Pode afetar a salivação, o paladar e o lacrimejamento dependendo do topografia do acometimento do nervo facial, e os pacientes podem referir hipersensibilidade auditiva. Nos pacientes com paralisia de Bell, o reflexo estapediano está ausente. OBJETIVO: O objetivo desta investigação foi o de verificar se os pacientes com paralisia de Bell apresentam hiperacusia. FORMA DE ESTUDO: Clínico prospectivo. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foram examinados 18 pacientes aleatórios apresentando paralisia facial periférica de Bell. Foi realizada avaliação otorrinolaringológica completa, teste de Hilger, teste de Schirmer, gustometria, audiometria tonal e vocal, imitanciometria e teste de desconforto auditivo. A faixa etária entre 31 e 40 anos foi a mais afetada pela PFP nesta amostra. RESULTADO: Os pacientes do sexo feminino foram os mais afetados estando acometidos em 61% dos casos. A hemi-face direita foi acometida em 56% dos casos. O grau de acometimento local mais encontrado foi o grau IV em 44% dos casos e os graus III e V em 28% dos casos cada. A queixa de hiperacusia esteve presente em apenas um paciente, o que representa 5,5% dos casos. Todos os pacientes estudados apresentaram diminuição nos gráficos audiométricos do limiar de tolerância auditiva, sendo que o reflexo estapediano protege, em média 16 dB, nestes pacientes. CONCLUSÃO: Portanto, concluímos que pacientes com paralisia de Bell apresentam clinicamente queixas de hiperacusia semelhantes da população geral, porém, audiometricamente, o limiar de tolerância auditivo no lado paralisado é menor do que em relação ao do lado normal.Bell's palsy is a unilateral facial paralysis of sudden onset and unknown cause. It may affect salivation, taste and lachrymation depending on the site of facial nerve involvement. Patients can report supersensitive hearing. The stapedius reflex is absent in

  18. Modelos experimentales para la evaluación de la acción cicatrizante de medicamentos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raimara González Escobar

    2002-12-01

    Full Text Available Los intentos del organismo para reparar las lesiones inducidas por agresiones locales comienzan muy precozmente en el proceso de la inflamación, y finalmente concluyen con la reparación y sustitución de las células lesionadas por células sanas. El proceso de cicatrización de una herida en la piel involucra la compleja interacción de muchos tipos de células y ocurre como una cascada secuencial de procesos solapados e íntimamente relacionados. Existen varios modelos farmacológicos experimentales que permiten evaluar la acción cicatrizante de un principio activo, profundizando en los eventos específicos de la cicatrización. En este trabajo se presentarán los detalles de algunos de estos modelos, los cuales son: modelo de lesión inducida por quemadura en curieles, modelo de 6 heridas asépticas en cerdos, promoción de cicatrización por segunda intención en ratas y modelo para predecir la distribución de un medicamento aplicado tópicamente en heridas. Estos ensayos permiten el estudio de múltiples elementos histológicos, bioquímicos, celulares y clínicos, característicos del proceso de cicatrización.The attempts of the organism to repair injuries induced by local aggressions begin very early in the inflammation process and conclude finally with the reparation and substitution of those cells damaged by sound cells. The healing process of a skin wound involves the complex interaction of many types of cells and a sequence of sneaky and closely related processes take place. There are various pharmacological experimental models allowing to evaluate the healing action of an active principle and to go deep into the specific healing events. Details are given in this paper about the following models: model of injury induced by burn in guinea pigs, model of 6 aseptic wounds in pigs, promotion of healing by second intention in rats and a model to predict the distribution of a drug topically applied in wounds. These assays make possible

  19. Interference among the Processing of Facial Emotion, Face Race, and Face Gender

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Yongna; Tse, Chi-Shing

    2016-01-01

    People can process multiple dimensions of facial properties simultaneously. Facial processing models are based on the processing of facial properties. The current study examined the processing of facial emotion, face race, and face gender using categorization tasks. The same set of Chinese, White and Black faces, each posing a neutral, happy or angry expression, was used in three experiments. Facial emotion interacted with face race in all the tasks. The interaction of face race and face gender was found in the race and gender categorization tasks, whereas the interaction of facial emotion and face gender was significant in the emotion and gender categorization tasks. These results provided evidence for a symmetric interaction between variant facial properties (emotion) and invariant facial properties (race and gender). PMID:27840621

  20. Interference among the Processing of Facial Emotion, Face Race, and Face Gender.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Yongna; Tse, Chi-Shing

    2016-01-01

    People can process multiple dimensions of facial properties simultaneously. Facial processing models are based on the processing of facial properties. The current study examined the processing of facial emotion, face race, and face gender using categorization tasks. The same set of Chinese, White and Black faces, each posing a neutral, happy or angry expression, was used in three experiments. Facial emotion interacted with face race in all the tasks. The interaction of face race and face gender was found in the race and gender categorization tasks, whereas the interaction of facial emotion and face gender was significant in the emotion and gender categorization tasks. These results provided evidence for a symmetric interaction between variant facial properties (emotion) and invariant facial properties (race and gender).