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Sample records for harald devos dagstuhl

  1. Harald Velner - insener üle poole sajandi / Harald-Adam Velner

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Velner, Harald-Adam, 1923-2012

    2008-01-01

    Harald-Adam Velner on Eesti Inseneride Liidu esimene taasiseseisvumisjärgne president. Lisaks Liis Seili lühiartikkel Harald-Adam Velneri isast August Velnerist: Teedeinsenerist isa juhtis inseneride ühendust enne sõda

  2. Socio-Technical Security Metrics (Dagstuhl Seminar 14491)

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Gollmann, Dieter; Herley, Cormac; Koenig, Vincent; Pieters, Wolter; Sasse, Martina Angela

    2015-01-01

    This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 14491 "Socio-Technical Security Metrics". In the domain of safety, metrics inform many decisions, from the height of new dikes to the design of nuclear plants. We can state, for example, that the dikes should be high enough to

  3. Search as Learning (Dagstuhl Seminar 17092)

    OpenAIRE

    Collins-Thompson, Kevyn; Hansen, Preben; Hauff, Claudia

    2017-01-01

    This report describes the program and the results of Dagstuhl Seminar 17092 "Search as Learning", which brought together 26 researchers from diverse research backgrounds. The motivation for the seminar stems from the fact that modern Web search engines are largely engineered and optimized to fulfill lookup tasks instead of complex search tasks. The latter though are an essential component of information discovery and learning. The 3-day seminar started with four perspective talks, providing f...

  4. Interaction and Collective Movement Processing : Report from Dagstuhl Seminar 14132

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    2014-01-01

    This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 14132 “Interaction and Collective Movement Processing”. This seminar brought together a group of 30 scientists with varied backgrounds, but with a shared interest in computations involved in the processing of moving entity data,

  5. The Emergence of Denmark and the Reign of Harald Bluetooth

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Roesdahl, Else

    2008-01-01

    On Danish 'state formation' during the pre-Viking and early Viking Age, and on the reign of Harald Bluetooth: politics , conversion and building enterprises......On Danish 'state formation' during the pre-Viking and early Viking Age, and on the reign of Harald Bluetooth: politics , conversion and building enterprises...

  6. Evo Devo and cognitive science

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Ploeger, A.; Galis, F.

    2011-01-01

    Evo Devo (evolutionary developmental) biology forges a synthesis of evolutionary and developmental processes. Evo Devo is the result of collaborative work of evolutionary and developmental biologists after the discovery of regulatory genes that human beings share with many other animals, including

  7. Microdosimetry: Reflections on Harald Rossi

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kellerer, A.M.

    2002-01-01

    This and twelve previous Symposia reflect the evolution of microdosimetry, a field of research that has determined major new developments in radiation research, radiation protection, and radiology during the past four decades. The concepts of microdosimetry and its techniques were developed almost single handedly by H.H. Rossi. This memorial lecture outlines some of the ideas and some of the work of Harald Rossi that led to microdosimetry. It describes its major impact on radiobiology and, especially, its impact on studies with fast neutrons and on risk assessment. Microdosimetry was primarily designed as a tool for the elucidation of basic mechanisms of radiation action, but it has found its most important applications in the dosimetric measurement techniques that have become indispensable in radiation protection and in the dosimetry for radiation therapy. The advances of molecular biology are now providing new possibilities for a quantitative application of microdosimetry to radiobiology along the lines that Harald Rossi defined. (author)

  8. Data Exchanges and Verifications Online (DEVO)

    Data.gov (United States)

    Social Security Administration — DEVO is the back-end application for processing SSN verifications and data exchanges. DEVO uses modern technology for parameter driven processing of both batch and...

  9. Report from Dagstuhl Seminar 12331 Mobility Data Mining and Privacy

    OpenAIRE

    Clifton, Christopher W.; Kuijpers, Bart; Morik, Katharina; Saygin, Yucel

    2012-01-01

    This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 12331 “Mobility Data Mining and Privacy”. Mobility data mining aims to extract knowledge from movement behaviour of people, but this data also poses novel privacy risks. This seminar gathered a multidisciplinary team for a conversation on how to balance the value in mining mobility data with privacy issues. The seminar focused on four key issues: Privacy in vehicular data, in cellular data, context- dependent privacy, and ...

  10. 5th Dagstuhl Seminar on Geometric Modelling

    CERN Document Server

    Brunnett, Guido; Farin, Gerald; Goldman, Ron

    2004-01-01

    In 19 articles presented by leading experts in the field of geometric modelling the state-of-the-art on representing, modeling, and analyzing curves, surfaces as well as other 3-dimensional geometry is given. The range of applications include CAD/CAM-systems, computer graphics, scientific visualization, virtual reality, simulation and medical imaging. The content of this book is based on selected lectures given at a workshop held at IBFI Schloss Dagstuhl, Germany. Topics treated are: – curve and surface modelling – non-manifold modelling in CAD – multiresolution analysis of complex geometric models – surface reconstruction – variational design – computational geometry of curves and surfaces – 3D meshing – geometric modelling for scientific visualization – geometric models for biomedical applications

  11. Network Attack Detection and Defense: Securing Industrial Control Systems for Critical Infrastructures (Dagstuhl Seminar 14292)

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Dacer, Marc; Kargl, Frank; König, Hartmut; Valdes, Alfonso

    2014-01-01

    This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 14292 “Network Attack Detection and Defense: Securing Industrial Control Systems for Critical Infrastructures”. The main objective of the seminar was to discuss new approaches and ideas for securing industrial control systems. It

  12. Learning from the Past: Implications for the Future Internet and its Management? (Dagstuhl Seminar 11042)

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Dreo Rodosek, Gabi; Pras, Aiko; Schulzrinne, Henning; Stiller, Burkhard

    This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 11042 “Learning from the Past: Implications for the Future Internet and its Management?‿. The discussion centered around the question if by analyzing the past - especially why certain technologies did or did not succeed - it is

  13. Conservation Evo-Devo: Preserving Biodiversity by Understanding Its Origins.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Campbell, Calum S; Adams, Colin E; Bean, Colin W; Parsons, Kevin J

    2017-10-01

    Unprecedented rates of species extinction increase the urgency for effective conservation biology management practices. Thus, any improvements in practice are vital and we suggest that conservation can be enhanced through recent advances in evolutionary biology, specifically advances put forward by evolutionary developmental biology (i.e., evo-devo). There are strong overlapping conceptual links between conservation and evo-devo whereby both fields focus on evolutionary potential. In particular, benefits to conservation can be derived from some of the main areas of evo-devo research, namely phenotypic plasticity, modularity and integration, and mechanistic investigations of the precise developmental and genetic processes that determine phenotypes. Using examples we outline how evo-devo can expand into conservation biology, an opportunity which holds great promise for advancing both fields. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  14. For a new dialogue between theoretical and empirical studies in evo-devo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Giuseppe eFusco

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available Despite its potentially broad scope, current evo-devo research is largely dominated by empirical developmental studies, whereas comparably little role is played by theoretical research. I argue that this represents an obstacle to a wider appreciation of evo-devo and its integration within a more comprehensive evolutionary theory, and that this situation is causally linked to a limited exchange between theoretical and experimental studies in evo-devo. I discuss some features of current theoretical work in evo-devo, highlighting some possibly concurring impediments to an effective dialogue with experimental studies. Finally, I advance two suggestions for enhancing fruitful cross-fertilization between theoretical and empirical studies in evo-devo: i to broaden the scope of evo-devo beyond its current conceptualization, teaming up with other variational approaches to the study of evolution, and ii to develop more effective forms of scientific interaction and communication.

  15. In quest of perfection in electron optics: A biographical sketch of Harald Rose on the occasion of his 80th birthday

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Urban, Knut W., E-mail: k.urban@fz-juelich.de

    2015-04-15

    This brief biographical sketch of Harald Rose on occasion of his 80th birthday describes some of the key events in an extraordinarily successful scientific life. Many of the theoretical concepts developed by him over the last 50 years have been fundamental for electron optics. Indeed, some of them have changed the whole complexion of this field and are fundamental to modern electron microscopy, both in TEM and in STEM mode. With this dedicated issue of Ultramicroscopy, the members of the electron microscopy community would like to thank Harald Rose for dedicating his professional life to their field and thereby enriching the life of those active in it. - Highlights: • A short biography of the professional life of Harald Rose is given. • We give a guide to some of Harald Rose's most important papers. • The impact of Harald Rose's work in the field of electron optics is described. • An introduction to a Special Issue of Ultramicroscopy dedicated to Harald Rose is given.

  16. In quest of perfection in electron optics: A biographical sketch of Harald Rose on the occasion of his 80th birthday

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Urban, Knut W.

    2015-01-01

    This brief biographical sketch of Harald Rose on occasion of his 80th birthday describes some of the key events in an extraordinarily successful scientific life. Many of the theoretical concepts developed by him over the last 50 years have been fundamental for electron optics. Indeed, some of them have changed the whole complexion of this field and are fundamental to modern electron microscopy, both in TEM and in STEM mode. With this dedicated issue of Ultramicroscopy, the members of the electron microscopy community would like to thank Harald Rose for dedicating his professional life to their field and thereby enriching the life of those active in it. - Highlights: • A short biography of the professional life of Harald Rose is given. • We give a guide to some of Harald Rose's most important papers. • The impact of Harald Rose's work in the field of electron optics is described. • An introduction to a Special Issue of Ultramicroscopy dedicated to Harald Rose is given

  17. Evo-Devo — Of Course, But Which One? Some Comments on Chomsky’s Analogies between the Biolinguistic Approach and Evo-Devo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Antonio Benítez-Burraco

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available In some recent papers, Chomsky has suggested some non-trivial analogies between the biolinguistic approach and evolutionary developmental biology (Evo-Devo. In this paper, the point is made that those analogies should be handled with caution. The reason is that the Evo-Devo version chosen by Chomsky in order to build the analogies fully assumes a gene-centric perspective. Although providing genes with a special power fits in well with the Principles-and-Parameters model, it does not agree at all with the reduction of the power attributed to genes that the Minimalist Program has placed on the agenda. Nevertheless, other Evo-Devo approaches exist that seem more accurate than the particular version adopted by Chomsky — approaches therefore which are more promising for fulfilling the minimalist biolinguistic approach.

  18. Where is, in 2017, the evo in evo-devo (evolutionary developmental biology)?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Diogo, Rui

    2018-01-01

    After the inaugural Pan-American-Evo-Devo meeting (2015, Berkeley), I showed how major concerns about evo-devo (Evolutionary Developmental Biology) research were demonstrated by a simple, non-biased quantitative analysis of the titles/abstracts of that meeting's talks. Here, I apply the same methodology to the titles/abstracts of the recent Pan-American-Evo-Devo meeting (2017, Calgary). The aim is to evaluate if the concerns raised by me in that paper and by other authors have been addressed and/or if there are other types of differences between the two meetings that may reflect trends within the field of evo-devo. This analysis shows that the proportion of presentations referring to "morphology", "organism", "selection", "adaptive", "phylogeny", and their derivatives was higher in the 2017 meeting, which therefore had a more "organismal" feel. However, there was a decrease in the use of "evolution"/its derivatives and of macroevolutionary terms related to the tempo and mode of evolution in the 2017 meeting. Moreover, the disproportionately high use of genetic/genomic terms clearly shows that evo-devo continues to be mainly focused on devo, and particularly on "Geno", that is, on molecular/genetic studies. Furthermore, the vast majority of animal evo-devo studies are focused only on hard tissues, which are just a small fraction of the whole organism-for example, only 15% of the tissue mass of the human body. The lack of an integrative approach is also evidenced by the lack of studies addressing conceptual/long-standing broader questions, including the links between ecology and particularly behavior and developmental/evolutionary variability and between evo-devo and evolutionary medicine. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  19. Eyewear Computing – Augmenting the Human with Head-mounted Wearable Assistants (Dagstuhl Seminar 16042)

    OpenAIRE

    Bulling, Andreas; Cakmakci, Ozan; Kunze, Kai; Rehg, James M.

    2016-01-01

    The seminar was composed of workshops and tutorials on head-mounted eye tracking, egocentric vision, optics, and head-mounted displays. The seminar welcomed 30 academic and industry researchers from Europe, the US, and Asia with a diverse background, including wearable and ubiquitous computing, computer vision, developmental psychology, optics, and human-computer interaction. In contrast to several previous Dagstuhl seminars, we used an ignite talk format to reduce the time of talks to...

  20. Malware Analysis: From Large-Scale Data Triage to Targeted Attack Recognition (Dagstuhl Seminar 17281)

    OpenAIRE

    Zennou, Sarah; Debray, Saumya K.; Dullien, Thomas; Lakhothia, Arun

    2018-01-01

    This report summarizes the program and the outcomes of the Dagstuhl Seminar 17281, entitled "Malware Analysis: From Large-Scale Data Triage to Targeted Attack Recognition". The seminar brought together practitioners and researchers from industry and academia to discuss the state-of-the art in the analysis of malware from both a big data perspective and a fine grained analysis. Obfuscation was also considered. The meeting created new links within this very diverse community.

  1. Morphology is dead – long live morphology! Integrating MorphoEvoDevo into molecular EvoDevo and phylogenomics

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andreas eWanninger

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available Morphology, the description and analysis of organismal form, is one of the oldest biological disciplines that has significantly contributed to our understanding as to how animals function and how the overwhelming diversity of phenotypes evolved. The early discovery that comparative studies of morphogenesis add to our understanding of the evolutionary history and interrelationships of organisms led to the formulation of highly influential evolutionary principles, including Haeckel’s theory of recapitulation or Hatschek’s trochozoon-hypothesis, and established the intellectual foundation of a research area today termed EvoDevo. While the rapid integration of molecular techniques into systematics, phylogenetics, and developmental biology from the 1980s onwards made some consider morphology as having little to contribute to evolutionary research, methodological progress together with a revived focus on morphogenesis has resulted in an unexpected renaissance of evolutionary developmental morphology, here termed MorphoEvoDevo. Herein, I briefly summarize some classical landmark contributions and progress achieved by studies using the MorphoEvoDevo approach. I will focus on the role of morphology in modern evolutionary biology, especially with respect to the molecular-driven approaches such as phylogenetics and developmental genetics. I argue that, while MorphoEvoDevo may well survive as an independent field of research, in times of increased competition for funding it will significantly profit from integration of the molecular disciplines into research programs with a strong emphasis on morphology. After all, morphological data are indispensable for reconstruction of phenotypic ground patterns and character evolution, and only a holistic approach incorporating all major subdisciplines of the evolutionary biosciences may ultimately result in a deep understanding, from molecules to ecosystems, of the driving forces that have shaped our organismal

  2. Evo-devo and cognitive science

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Ploeger, A.; Galis, F.; Nuno de la Rosa, L.; Müller, G.

    2016-01-01

    Evo-devo is an approach that integrates knowledge on evolution and development. Cognitive science is a research field that tries to unravel the functioning of the mind and the underlying processes. In this chapter, the main subfields within cognitive science that have contributed to a better

  3. King Harald V and Queen Sonja of Norway visit CERN

    CERN Multimedia

    Maximilien Brice

    2006-01-01

    Norway's King Harald V and Queen Sonja take a tour of the ATLAS detector with CERN's Director-General Robert Aymar in April 2006. During their visit the royal party met with members of CERN's Norwegian community. A group of about 40 students greeted the royal motorcade with a belting rendition of 'The King's Song', Norway's royal anthem.

  4. A Palisade Fit for a King: Ideal architecture in King Harald Bluetooth's Jelling

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Jessen, Mads Dengsø; Holst, Mads Kähler; Lindblom, Charlotta

    2014-01-01

    family named on the rune stones in Jelling and in particular to the reign of King Harald Bluetooth. In addition to the structure and date of the palisade, the article will present the tentative results from a series of analyses regarding the construction, composition, function and demolition...

  5. Evo-devo and accounting for Darwin's endless forms.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brakefield, Paul M

    2011-07-27

    Evo-devo has led to dramatic advances in our understanding of how the processes of development can contribute to explaining patterns of evolutionary diversification that underlie the endless forms of animal life on the Earth. This is increasingly the case not only for the origins of evolutionary novelties that permit new functions and open up new adaptive zones, but also for the processes of evolutionary tinkering that occur within the subsequent radiations of related species. Evo-devo has time and again yielded spectacular examples of Darwin's notions of common ancestry and of descent with modification. It has also shown that the evolution of endless forms is more about the evolution of the regulatory machinery of ancient genes than the origin and elaboration of new genes. Evolvability, especially with respect to the capacity of a developmental system to evolve and to generate the variation in form for natural selection to screen, has become a pivotal focus of evo-devo. As a consequence, a balancing of the concept of endless forms in morphospace with a greater awareness of the potential for developmental constraints and bias is becoming more general. The prospect of parallel horizons opening up for the evolution of behaviour is exciting; in particular, does Sean Carroll's phrase referring to old genes learning new tricks in the evolution of endless forms apply equally as well to patterns of diversity and disparity in behavioural trait-space?

  6. Comparative Transcriptomes and EVO-DEVO Studies Depending on Next Generation Sequencing

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tiancheng Liu

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available High throughput technology has prompted the progressive omics studies, including genomics and transcriptomics. We have reviewed the improvement of comparative omic studies, which are attributed to the high throughput measurement of next generation sequencing technology. Comparative genomics have been successfully applied to evolution analysis while comparative transcriptomics are adopted in comparison of expression profile from two subjects by differential expression or differential coexpression, which enables their application in evolutionary developmental biology (EVO-DEVO studies. EVO-DEVO studies focus on the evolutionary pressure affecting the morphogenesis of development and previous works have been conducted to illustrate the most conserved stages during embryonic development. Old measurements of these studies are based on the morphological similarity from macro view and new technology enables the micro detection of similarity in molecular mechanism. Evolutionary model of embryo development, which includes the “funnel-like” model and the “hourglass” model, has been evaluated by combination of these new comparative transcriptomic methods with prior comparative genomic information. Although the technology has promoted the EVO-DEVO studies into a new era, technological and material limitation still exist and further investigations require more subtle study design and procedure.

  7. Endise NATO kõrge juhi sõnul on Afganistan alliansi proovikivi / Harald Kujat ; interv. Erkki Bahovski

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kujat, Harald

    2006-01-01

    Kindral, endine NATO sõjalise komitee esimees räägib alliansi tegevusest turvalisuse tagamisel Afganistanis, Eesti osalemisest NATO missioonil, NATO õhupatrullidest Baltimaades. Harald Kujati CV. Vt. samas: NATO võttis mässu summutamise oma õlule

  8. The importance of living botanical collections for plant biology and the next generation of evo-devo research

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrew eGroover

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Living botanical collections include germplasm repositories, long-term experimental plantings, and botanical gardens. We present here a series of vignettes to illustrate the central role that living collections have played in plant biology research, including evo-devo research. Looking towards the future, living collections will become increasingly important in support of future evo-devo research. The driving force behind this trend is nucleic acid sequencing technologies, which are rapidly becoming more powerful and cost-effective, and which can be applied to virtually any species. This allows for more extensive sampling, including non-model organisms with unique biological features and plants from diverse phylogenetic positions. Importantly, a major challenge for sequencing-based evo-devo research is to identify, access, and propagate appropriate plant materials. We use a vignette of the ongoing One Thousand Transcriptomes project as an example of the challenges faced by such projects. We conclude by identifying some of the pinch-points likely to be encountered by future evo-devo researchers, and how living collections can help address them.

  9. Biological Systematics in the Evo-Devo era

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alessandro Minelli

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo suggests a distinction between modular and systemic variation. In the case of modular change, the conservation of the overall structure helps recognizing affinities, while a single, fast evolving module is likely to produce a bonanza for the taxonomist, while systemic changes produce strongly deviating morphologies that cause problems in tracing homologies. Similarly, changes affecting the whole life cycle are more challenging than those limited to one stage. Developmental modularity is a precondition for heterochrony. Analyzing a matrix of morphological data for paedomorphic taxa requires special care. It is, however, possible to extract phylogenetic signal from heterochronic patterns. The taxonomist should pay attention to the intricacies of the genotype→phenotype map. When using genetic data to infer phylogeny, a comparison of gene sequences is just a first step. To bridge the gap between genes and morphology we should consider the spatial and temporal patterns of gene expression, and their regulation. Minor genetic change can have major phenotypic effects, sometimes suggesting saltational evolution. Evo-devo is also relevant in respect to speciation: changes in developmental schedules are often implicated in the divergence between sympatric morphs, and a developmental modulation of ‘temporal phenotypes’ appears to be responsible for many cases of speciation.

  10. Eco-Evo-Devo: developmental symbiosis and developmental plasticity as evolutionary agents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gilbert, Scott F; Bosch, Thomas C G; Ledón-Rettig, Cristina

    2015-10-01

    The integration of research from developmental biology and ecology into evolutionary theory has given rise to a relatively new field, ecological evolutionary developmental biology (Eco-Evo-Devo). This field integrates and organizes concepts such as developmental symbiosis, developmental plasticity, genetic accommodation, extragenic inheritance and niche construction. This Review highlights the roles that developmental symbiosis and developmental plasticity have in evolution. Developmental symbiosis can generate particular organs, can produce selectable genetic variation for the entire animal, can provide mechanisms for reproductive isolation, and may have facilitated evolutionary transitions. Developmental plasticity is crucial for generating novel phenotypes, facilitating evolutionary transitions and altered ecosystem dynamics, and promoting adaptive variation through genetic accommodation and niche construction. In emphasizing such non-genomic mechanisms of selectable and heritable variation, Eco-Evo-Devo presents a new layer of evolutionary synthesis.

  11. Neutrality and robustness in evo-devo: emergence of lateral inhibition.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andreea Munteanu

    2008-11-01

    Full Text Available Embryonic development is defined by the hierarchical dynamical process that translates genetic information (genotype into a spatial gene expression pattern (phenotype providing the positional information for the correct unfolding of the organism. The nature and evolutionary implications of genotype-phenotype mapping still remain key topics in evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo. We have explored here issues of neutrality, robustness, and diversity in evo-devo by means of a simple model of gene regulatory networks. The small size of the system allowed an exhaustive analysis of the entire fitness landscape and the extent of its neutrality. This analysis shows that evolution leads to a class of robust genetic networks with an expression pattern characteristic of lateral inhibition. This class is a repertoire of distinct implementations of this key developmental process, the diversity of which provides valuable clues about its underlying causal principles.

  12. Computational Phenotypes: Where the Theory of Computation Meets Evo-Devo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sergio Balari

    2009-03-01

    Full Text Available This article argues that the Chomsky Hierarchy can be reinterpreted as a developmental morphospace constraining the evolution of a discrete and finite series of computational phenotypes. In doing so, the theory of Morphological Evolution as stated by Pere Alberch, a pioneering figure of Evo–Devo thinking, is adhered to.

  13. Evo-devo of novel traits : the genetic basis of butterfly colour patterns

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Saenko, Suzanne Viatcheslavovna

    2010-01-01

    The origin and diversification of novel morphological traits is a major research theme in evolutionary developmental biology, or evo-devo. Wing patterns of butterflies, in particular eyespots, are lineage-specific novelties crucial for visual communication. This thesis explores different aspects of

  14. Evo-devo como disciplina integradora: la temporalidad de los procesos biológicos como estrategia de análisis

    OpenAIRE

    Constanza Alexandra Rendón; Guillermo Folguera

    2014-01-01

    El objetivo del presente trabajo es profundizar el conocimiento acerca de la naturaleza integradora de la evo-devo (biología evolutiva del desarrollo). En particular, analizamos las características temporales de los procesos estudiados en ese campo, y las comparamos con aquellas presentes en otros abordajes de la evolución y del desarrollo ontogenético de los organismos. Encontramos que los principales programas de la evo-devo recuperan mayormente características temporales propias de la macr...

  15. Análisis teórico de las relaciones interdisciplinares en la biología evolutiva del desarrollo (evo-devo)

    OpenAIRE

    Rendón, Constanza Alexandra

    2015-01-01

    El objetivo principal de la presente Tesis es indagar de qué manera y en qué medida se vinculan e integran diferentes áreas de conocimiento de las ciencias de la vida (principalmente biología del desarrollo, microevolución y macroevolución) en la biología evolutiva del desarrollo (evo-devo). En particular, analizamos cuatro temas particularmente relevantes en función de la integración propuesta: la implementación de un enfoque complejizante en evo-devo, el rol otorgado al ambiente ecológico e...

  16. Devoções e festas nas irmandades e ordens terceiras de Salvador - BA.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Edilece Souza Couto

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Durante a primeira república ainda eram muitas as irmandades e ordens terceiras atuantes em Salvador e várias eram as devoções e festas promovidas pelos leigos. O calendário festivo era vasto e durante todo o ano os baianos circulavam, de barco, a pé, em bondes e elevador, entre a cidade alta e baixa, pelos diferentes distritos, arrabaldes e estações de veraneio, para louvar suas entidades sagradas. Porém, também eram muitos os empecilhos ao pleno desenvolvimento dos cortejos espetaculares. As novas tecnologias contribuíam para os deslocamentos, mas as obras urbanas modificavam os espaços de devoção. Além disso, as atividades dos fiéis recebiam críticas, novas regras e interdições do poder público e da Igreja Católica. Por meio de matérias de jornais, códigos de Posturas Municipais e de Direito Canônico, portarias e correspondências entre as associações leigas e o arcebispado, analiso as principais mudanças arquitetônicas e legislativas que incidiram na vivência religiosa.

  17. Thermodynamics and Chemistry by Howard DeVoe

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gislason, Eric A.

    2001-09-01

    Prentice Hall: Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2001. 439 pp. ISBN 0-02-328741-1. $90.00. Thermodynamics is a deceptively difficult subject that few people master in their first exposure (typically in the junior-level physical chemistry course). Because of this, a clear, well-written textbook is always welcome to help students and teachers master this material. Such a book is Thermodynamics and Chemistry, by Howard DeVoe of the University of Maryland. This book is written as a one-semester textbook for senior undergraduates and graduate students who have had a previous course on the topic. This is a long book (400 pages of text, 25 pages of appendices), and it is unlikely that an instructor can cover everything in one semester. On the other hand this length does allow the author to cover topics such as a "liquid solution in a centrifugal field" that shorter books would omit. All important topics in chemical thermodynamics are covered. After two introductory chapters, the three laws of thermodynamics are taken up in Chapters 3 and 4. Pure substances, including phase transitions, are treated in Chapters 5 and 6. Chapter 7, "Mixtures," is a long chapter that covers, among other topics, partial molar quantities, activities, and activity coefficients. Chemical reactions are treated in Chapter 8 and there is a detailed discussion of equilibrium in various multicomponent systems in Chapter 9. The book is completed with a discussion of the phase rule (Chapter 10) and a brief chapter on galvanic cells. There are a number of things I like about this book. First, DeVoe takes great care in defining important thermodynamic words such as the thermodynamic state of a system. Similarly, he makes the distinction between process and path understandable, and this allows him to clearly define a reversible process as well as spontaneous and impossible processes. Section 4.1 then contains the sentence "An irreversible process is a spontaneous process whose reverse is an impossible process." This

  18. Implications of Vertebrate Craniodental Evo-Devo for Human Oral Health.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Boughner, Julia C

    2017-06-01

    Highly processed diets eaten by postindustrial modern human populations coincide with higher frequencies of third molar impaction, malocclusion, and temporomandibular joint disorders that affect millions of people worldwide each year. Current treatments address symptoms, not causes, because the multifactorial etiologies of these three concerns mask which factors incline certain people to malocclusion, impaction, and/or joint issues. Deep scientific curiosity about the origins of jaws and dentitions continues to yield rich insights about the developmental genetic mechanisms that underpin healthy craniodental morphogenesis and integration. Mounting evidence from evolution and development (Evo-Devo) studies suggests that function is another mechanism important to healthy craniodental integration and fit. Starting as early as weaning, softer diets and thus lower bite forces appear to relax or disrupt integration of oral tissues, alter development and growth, and catalyze impaction, malocclusion, and jaw joint disorders. How developing oral tissues respond to bite forces remains poorly understood, but biomechanical feedback seems to alter balances of local bone resorption and deposition at the tooth-bone interface as well as affect tempos and amounts of facial outgrowth. Also, behavioral changes in jaw function and parafunction contribute to degeneration and pain in joint articular cartilages and masticatory muscles. The developmental genetic contribution to craniodental misfits and disorders is undeniable but still unclear; however, at present, human diet and jaw function remain important and much more actionable clinical targets. New Evo-Devo studies are needed to explain how function interfaces with craniodental phenotypic plasticity, variation, and evolvability to yield a spectrum of healthy and mismatched dentitions and jaws. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  19. Reptiles: a new model for brain evo-devo research.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nomura, Tadashi; Kawaguchi, Masahumi; Ono, Katsuhiko; Murakami, Yasunori

    2013-03-01

    Vertebrate brains exhibit vast amounts of anatomical diversity. In particular, the elaborate and complex nervous system of amniotes is correlated with the size of their behavioral repertoire. However, the evolutionary mechanisms underlying species-specific brain morphogenesis remain elusive. In this review we introduce reptiles as a new model organism for understanding brain evolution. These animal groups inherited ancestral traits of brain architectures. We will describe several unique aspects of the reptilian nervous system with a special focus on the telencephalon, and discuss the genetic mechanisms underlying reptile-specific brain morphology. The establishment of experimental evo-devo approaches to studying reptiles will help to shed light on the origin of the amniote brains. Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  20. Evo-devo of non-bilaterian animals

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Emilio Lanna

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available The non-bilaterian animals comprise organisms in the phyla Porifera, Cnidaria, Ctenophora and Placozoa. These early-diverging phyla are pivotal to understanding the evolution of bilaterian animals. After the exponential increase in research in evolutionary development (evo-devo in the last two decades, these organisms are again in the spotlight of evolutionary biology. In this work, I briefly review some aspects of the developmental biology of nonbilaterians that contribute to understanding the evolution of development and of the metazoans. The evolution of the developmental genetic toolkit, embryonic polarization, the origin of gastrulation and mesodermal cells, and the origin of neural cells are discussed. The possibility that germline and stem cell lineages have the same origin is also examined. Although a considerable number of non-bilaterian species are already being investigated, the use of species belonging to different branches of non-bilaterian lineages and functional experimentation with gene manipulation in the majority of the non-bilaterian lineages will be necessary for further progress in this field.

  1. Reconsidering regeneration in metazoans: an evo-devo approach

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Stefano eTiozzo

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Regeneration of body structures is an ability widely but unevenly distributed amongst the animal kingdom. Understanding regenerative biology in metazoans means understanding the multiplicity of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that lead to the differentiation, morphogenesis and ultimately the development of a particular regenerating unit. In this manuscript we critically assess the evolutionary considerations suggesting that regeneration is an ancestral trait rather than a mechanism independently evolved in different taxa. As a general method to test evolutionary hypothesis on regeneration, we propose mechanistically dissecting the regenerative processes according to its conserved chronological steps: wound healing, mobilization of cell precursors and morphogenesis. We then suggest interpreting regenerative biology from an evo-devo perspective, proposing a possible theoretical framework and experimental approaches without necessarily invoking a common origin or only multiple losses of regenerative capabilities.

  2. Evo-devo como disciplina integradora: la temporalidad de los procesos biológicos como estrategia de análisis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Constanza Alexandra Rendón

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo del presente trabajo es profundizar el conocimiento acerca de la naturaleza integradora de la evo-devo (biología evolutiva del desarrollo. En particular, analizamos las características temporales de los procesos estudiados en ese campo, y las comparamos con aquellas presentes en otros abordajes de la evolución y del desarrollo ontogenético de los organismos. Encontramos que los principales programas de la evo-devo recuperan mayormente características temporales propias de la macroevolución, mientras que otras propuestas de extensión de la síntesis evolutiva incorporan características de la microevolución. El análisis de la temporalidad de los procesos constituyó una estrategia fructífera para estudiar la integración entre subdisciplinas biológicas.

  3. The important of living botanical collections for plant biology and the “next generation” of evo-devo research

    Science.gov (United States)

    Michael Dosmann; Andrew Groover

    2012-01-01

    Living botanical collections include germplasm repositories, long-term experimental plantings, and botanical gardens. We present here a series of vignettes to illustrate the central role that living collections have played in plant biology research, including evo-devo research. Looking towards the future, living collections will become increasingly important in support...

  4. O cemitério como espaço devocional: um estudo sobre a devoção a Irmã Benigna (The cemetery as devotional space: a study about the devotion to sister Benigna

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ilza Mara Lima

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo pretende analisar os cemitérios como espaço de múltiplas devoções, dentre elas as devoções marginais: as diversas formas com as quais as pessoas cultuam seus mortos, através de seus túmulos. As devoções que são manifestadas perante esses túmulos dentro dos cemitérios demonstram esta prática de fé, que se denomina de devoção marginal. Pessoas comuns que após a morte, ganham a veneração de fieis que lhe pedem a interseção junto ao sagrado, são cultuadas como milagreiras.  Após o pedido realizado, o devoto passa há ornamentar o tumulo do Milagreiro, com Flores, Velas, Ex votos em forma de agradecimento. O túmulo então se torna objeto de veneração e peregrinação. O artigo examina como esta devoção no cemitério do Bonfim, em Belo Horizonte, mais especificamente no túmulo da milagreira Irmã Benigna, auxilia os devotos nos momentos de suas angústias e aflições. Analisa-se como essa devoção se perpetua à margem da crença oficial. Palavras-chave: Morte. Enterramento. Túmulo. Devoção. Irmã Benigna.   Abstract This article analyzes the cemeteries as a place of many devotions, devotions among them marginal. the various ways in which people worship their dead through their graves. The devotions that are manifested before these graves within the cemeteries demonstrate the practice of faith is called the marginal devotion. Ordinary people who are worshiped as a miracle worker. The article examines how this devotion in the cemetery of Bonfim in Belo Horizonte City, more specifically in the miraculous Num Benigna’s Tomb helps the devotees by the time their distress happene. It looks at how devotion is perpetuated the margin of the official belief. Keywords: Death. Burial. Grave. Devotion. Nun Benigna’s. 

  5. Flower color as a model system for studies of plant evo-devo.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sobel, James M; Streisfeld, Matthew A

    2013-01-01

    Even though pigmentation traits have had substantial impacts on the field of animal evolutionary developmental biology, they have played only relatively minor roles in plant evo-devo. This is surprising given the often direct connection between flower color and fitness variation mediated through the effects of pollinators. At the same time, ecological and evolutionary genetic studies have utilized the molecular resources available for the anthocyanin pathway to generate several examples of the molecular basis of putatively adaptive transitions in flower color. Despite this opportunity to synthesize experimental approaches in ecology, evolution, and developmental biology, the investigation of many fundamental questions in evo-devo using this powerful model is only at its earliest stages. For example, a long-standing question is whether predictable genetic changes accompany the repeated evolution of a trait. Due to the conserved nature of the biochemical and regulatory control of anthocyanin biosynthesis, it has become possible to determine whether, and under what circumstances, different types of mutations responsible for flower color variation are preferentially targeted by natural selection. In addition, because plants use anthocyanin and related compounds in vegetative tissue for other important physiological functions, the identification of naturally occurring transitions from unpigmented to pigmented flowers provides the opportunity to examine the mechanisms by which regulatory networks are co-opted into new developmental domains. Here, we review what is known about the ecological and molecular basis of anthocyanic flower color transitions in natural systems, focusing on the evolutionary and developmental features involved. In doing so, we provide suggestions for future work on this trait and suggest that there is still much to be learned from the evolutionary development of flower color transitions in nature.

  6. A ABORDAGEM DO PLURALISMO DE PROCESSOS E DA EVO-DEVO EM LIVROS DIDÁTICOS DE BIOLOGIA EVOLUTIVA E ZOOLOGIA DE VERTEBRADOS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wellington Bittencourt-dos-Santos

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available This paper reports the results of a comparative content analysis of three evolutionary biology and three vertebrate zoology textbooks, widely adopted in higher education biology courses in many universities of Latin and Anglo-Saxon countries. Using techniques of content analysis, we performed a quali-quantitative documentary analysis of the textbooks, aiming at investigating the treatment and recontextualization of contents related to evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo and process pluralism. Our findings indicate that the recontextualization of contents associated with process pluralism is still in an initial phase in textbooks of both disciplines, even though in a more advanced stage in evolutionary biology textbooks. Regarding evo-devo contents, recontextualization has already taken place in a more extensive manner, particularly in vertebrate zoology textbooks. These results show differences in the construction of pedagogical discourse related to the structure of academic knowledge and the research targets in these disciplines.

  7. Flower color as a model system for studies of plant evo-devo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    James M Sobel

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available Even though pigmentation traits have had substantial impacts on the field of animal evolutionary developmental biology, they have played only relatively minor roles in plant evo-devo. This is surprising given the often direct connection between flower color and fitness variation mediated through the effects of pollinators. At the same time, ecological and evolutionary genetic studies have utilized the molecular resources available for the anthocyanin pathway to generate several examples of the molecular basis of putatively adaptive transitions in flower color. Despite this opportunity to synthesize experimental approaches in ecology, evolution, and developmental biology, the investigation of many fundamental questions in evo-devo using this powerful model is only at its earliest stages. For example, a long-standing question is whether predictable genetic changes accompany the repeated evolution of a trait. Due to the conserved nature of the biochemical and regulatory control of anthocyanin biosynthesis, it has become possible to determine whether, and under what circumstances, different types of mutations responsible for flower color variation are preferentially targeted by natural selection. In addition, because plants use anthocyanin and related compounds in vegetative tissue for other important physiological functions, the identification of naturally occurring transitions from unpigmented to pigmented flowers provides the opportunity to examine the mechanisms by which regulatory networks are co-opted into new developmental domains. Here, we review what is known about the ecological and molecular basis of anthocyanic flower color transitions in natural systems, focusing on the evolutionary and developmental features involved. In doing so, we provide suggestions for future work on this trait and suggest that there is still much to be learned from the evolutionary development of flower color transitions in nature.

  8. Devoção mariana oficial na Polônia (N.S. do Monte Claro, Częstochowa e no Brasil (N.S. da Aparecida’ – reflexões comparativas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Renata Siuda-Ambroziak

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available O artigo pretende apresentar reflexões comparativas entre os dois catolicismos: polonês e brasileiro por meio da tentativa da análise concisa de duas devoções marianas oficiais: polonesa (Nossa Senhora do Monte Claro em Częstochowa e brasileira (Nossa Senhora da Aparecida. A hipótese do autor é que, apesar das diferenças óbvias entre os dois países, as duas sociedades e as duas Igrejas, existem inegáveis semelhanças entre a Polônia e o Brasil no campo da devoção mariana e religiosidade popular.

  9. A ABORDAGEM DO PLURALISMO DE PROCESSOS E DA EVO-DEVO EM LIVROS DIDÁTICOS DE BIOLOGIA EVOLUTIVA E ZOOLOGIA DE VERTEBRADOS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wellington Bittencourt-dos-Santos

    Full Text Available Este artigo relata os resultados de uma análise de conteúdo comparativa de três livros didáticos de biologia evolutiva e três livros didáticos de zoologia de vertebrados, muito adotados nos cursos de formação superior de biologia de diversas universidades de países de línguas latinas e anglosaxônicas. Usando técnicas de análise de conteúdo, realizamos uma análise documental quali-quantitativa dos livros, com o objetivo de investigar a abordagem e recontextualização de conteúdos relativos à biologia evolutiva do desenvolvimento (evo-devo e ao pluralismo de processos. Os nossos achados indicam que, nos livros de ambas as disciplinas, a recontextualização dos conteúdos vinculados ao pluralismo de processos ainda está em fase inicial, ainda que num estágio mais avançado nos livros de biologia evolutiva. Quanto aos conteúdos de evo-devo, a recontextualização já teve lugar de modo mais extensivo, particularmente nos livros de zoologia de vertebrados. Estes resultados mostram diferenças na construção do discurso pedagógico relacionadas com a estrutura do conhecimento acadêmico e os alvos da pesquisa nestas duas disciplinas.

  10. Los constreñimientos del desarrollo y la integración EvoDevo: precisiones y distinciones en torno al tema

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maximiliano Martínez B.

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available En las últimas décadas la biología del desarrollo ha ido consolidándose en la investigación general en biología, tanto en el plano experimental como en el teórico, convirtiéndose en una de las áreas de mayor avance en la actualidad. Sub-disciplinas tales como genética molecular, morfología funcional, biología de sistemas y teoría de sistemas complejos (entre otras, se concentran principalmente en el estudio de los mecanismos y procesos de desarrollo morfogenético, así como en la capacidad que poseen ciertos genes para regular estos complejos fenómenos. Gracias a este nuevo foco de investigación, emerge y se consolida el programa de investigación comúnmente conocido como EvoDevo (abreviación de Biología Evolutiva del Desarrollo, en donde se pretende llevar a cabo una integración o síntesis entre los supuestos básicos de la teoría de la evolución y los de la biología del desarrollo, dos áreas de investigación usualmente aisladas (Hamburger 1980: Hall 2000; Sarkar & Robert 2003. Este propósito integracionista obedece a la necesidad de elucidar la evidente relación causal y retroalimentativa que existe entre evolución y desarrollo, para lo cual se requiere de un enfoque propio, imposible de acometer desde cualquiera de las disciplinas por separado (Müller 2005; Laubichler & Maienschein 2007. El atender a fenómenos propios de la ontogenia de los organismos permitirá identificar mecanismos evolutivos diferentes a (pero complementarios con la selección natural, como causas concomitantes de la generación y conformación de la forma y complejidad biológicas. Así mismo, es preciso determinar cómo los procesos de evolución inciden en los procesos de desarrollo. Preguntas fundamentales tales como ¿Cómo el proceso de desarrollo ontogenético tiene incidencia causal en la evolución (estabilidad o cambio de la forma orgánica? o ¿Cómo el proceso de evolución tiene incidencia causal en el desarrollo ontogen

  11. 06472 Abstracts Collection - XQuery Implementation Paradigms

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Boncz, Peter A.; Grust, Torsten; Siméon, Jerome; Boncz, P.A.; Grust, T.; Siméon, J.; van Keulen, Maurice

    From 19.11.2006 to 22.11.2006, the Dagstuhl Seminar 06472 ``XQuery Implementation Paradigms'' was held in the International Conference and Research Center (IBFI), Schloss Dagstuhl. During the seminar, several participants presented their current research, and ongoing work and open problems were

  12. Paediatric Virology as a new educational initiative: An interview with Nobelist Professor of Virology Harald zur Hausen.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mammas, Ioannis N; Spandidos, Demetrios A

    2017-10-01

    Born in Gelsenkirchen-Buer in Germany on March 11th, 1936, Professor Harald zur Hausen, Emeritus Professor of Virology at the University of Freiburg and 2008 Nobel Prize Laureate in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of human papillomavirus (HPV), which causes cervical cancer, believes that good knowledge of virological methods and diagnostic possibilities are an asset for all young paediatricians. Professor zur Hausen considers that the creation of an educational platform on Paediatric Virology is definitely very beneficial for young paediatricians, as this will greatly enhance their knowledge in the field of Virology. He very actively advocates the vaccination of boys for the eradication of HPV infection and emphasises that male HPV vaccination should be included into the current vaccination programmes. He would have certainly considered Dr George N. Papanicolaou (Kyme, Island of Euboea, Greece, 1883 - Miami, Florida, USA, 1962) as an excellent candidate for the Nobel Prize, stating that the contribution of Dr Papanicolaou did not find sufficient recognition in the past. In the context of the 3rd Workshop on Paediatric Virology, which will be held in Athens, Greece, on October 7th, 2017, Professor zur Hausen will give his plenary lecture on 'Paediatric Virology and Oncology: Virus persistence and the important first years of life'.

  13. Socio-technical security metrics

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Gollmann, D.; Herley, C.; Koenig, V.; Pieters, W.; Sasse, M.A.

    2015-01-01

    Report from Dagstuhl seminar 14491. This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 14491 “Socio-Technical Security Metrics”. In the domain of safety, metrics inform many decisions, from the height of new dikes to the design of nuclear plants. We can state, for example, that

  14. Dinosaurs, Chameleons, Humans, and Evo-Devo Path: Linking Étienne Geoffroy's Teratology, Waddington's Homeorhesis, Alberch's Logic of "Monsters," and Goldschmidt Hopeful "Monsters".

    Science.gov (United States)

    Diogo, Rui; Guinard, Geoffrey; Diaz, Raul E

    2017-05-01

    Since the rise of evo-devo (evolutionary developmental biology) in the 1980s, few authors have attempted to combine the increasing knowledge obtained from the study of model organisms and human medicine with data from comparative anatomy and evolutionary biology in order to investigate the links between development, pathology, and macroevolution. Fortunately, this situation is slowly changing, with a renewed interest in evolutionary developmental pathology (evo-devo-path) in the past decades, as evidenced by the idea to publish this special, and very timely, issue on "Developmental Evolution in Biomedical Research." As all of us have recently been involved, independently, in works related in some way or another with evolution and developmental anomalies, we decided to join our different perspectives and backgrounds in the present contribution for this special issue. Specifically, we provide a brief historical account on the study of the links between evolution, development, and pathologies, followed by a review of the recent work done by each of us, and then by a general discussion on the broader developmental and macroevolutionary implications of our studies and works recently done by other authors. Our primary aims are to highlight the strength of studying developmental anomalies within an evolutionary framework to understand morphological diversity and disease by connecting the recent work done by us and others with the research done and broader ideas proposed by authors such as Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Waddington, Goldschmidt, Gould, and Per Alberch, among many others to pave the way for further and much needed work regarding abnormal development and macroevolution. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  15. Reptile scale paradigm: Evo-Devo, pattern formation and regeneration

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chang, Cheng; Wu, Ping; Baker, Ruth E.; Maini, Philip K.; Alibardi, Lorenzo; Chuong, Cheng-Ming

    2010-01-01

    The purpose of this perspective is to highlight the merit of the reptile integument as an experimental model. Reptiles represent the first amniotes. From stem reptiles, extant reptiles, birds and mammals have evolved. Mammal hairs and feathers evolved from Therapsid and Sauropsid reptiles, respectively. The early reptilian integument had to adapt to the challenges of terrestrial life, developing a multi-layered stratum corneum capable of barrier function and ultraviolet protection. For better mechanical protection, diverse reptilian scale types have evolved. The evolution of endothermy has driven the convergent evolution of hair and feather follicles: both form multiple localized growth units with stem cells and transient amplifying cells protected in the proximal follicle. This topological arrangement allows them to elongate, molt and regenerate without structural constraints. Another unique feature of reptile skin is the exquisite arrangement of scales and pigment patterns, making them testable models for mechanisms of pattern formation. Since they face the constant threat of damage on land, different strategies were developed to accommodate skin homeostasis and regeneration. Temporally, they can be under continuous renewal or sloughing cycles. Spatially, they can be diffuse or form discrete localized growth units (follicles). To understand how gene regulatory networks evolved to produce increasingly complex ectodermal organs, we have to study how prototypic scale-forming pathways in reptiles are modulated to produce appendage novelties. Despite the fact that there are numerous studies of reptile scales, molecular analyses have lagged behind. Here, we underscore how further development of this novel experimental model will be valuable in filling the gaps of our understanding of the Evo-Devo of amniote integuments. PMID:19557687

  16. Sobre presença e representação nas imagens dos santos católicos: considerações a partir de um estudo sobre a devoção à Santa Rita

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raquel dos Santos Sousa Lima

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Resumo As imagens tridimensionais dos santos católicos têm sido analisadas por uma ampla literatura – antropológica e histórica – a partir principalmente da discussão sobre as noções de presença e de representação. Baseada numa observação minuciosa sobre as formas de interação entre os devotos e as imagens de Santa Rita numa igreja sob sua invocação na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, recupero concepções “nativas” que permitem complexificar o uso das categorias de presença e de representação nas análises sobre as devoções aos santos. Ao mesmo tempo, mostro como essas categorias implicam o uso de outras concepções antropológicas importantes, como as de corpo e de pessoa, discussão que faço a partir das contribuições da antropologia dos objetos, da devoção, dos rituais e do simbolismo.

  17. 07051 Abstracts Collection -- Programming Paradigms for the Web: Web Programming and Web Services

    OpenAIRE

    Hull, Richard; Thiemann, Peter; Wadler, Philip

    2007-01-01

    From 28.01. to 02.02.2007, the Dagstuhl Seminar 07051 ``Programming Paradigms for the Web: Web Programming and Web Services'' was held in the International Conference and Research Center (IBFI), Schloss Dagstuhl. During the seminar, several participants presented their current research, and ongoing work and open problems were discussed. Abstracts of the presentations given during the seminar as well as abstracts of seminar results and ideas are put together in this paper. The firs...

  18. 08471 Report -- Geographic Privacy-Aware Knowledge Discovery and Delivery

    OpenAIRE

    Kuijpers, Bart; Pedreschi, Dino; Saygin, Yucel; Spaccapietra, Stefano

    2009-01-01

    The Dagstuhl-Seminar on Geographic Privacy-Aware Knowledge Discovery and Delivery was held during 16 - 21 November, 2008, with 37 participants registered from various countries from Europe, as well as other parts of the world such as United States, Canada, Argentina, and Brazil. Issues in the newly emerging area of geographic knowledge discovery with a privacy perspective were discussed in a week to consolidate some of the research questions. The Dagstuhl program included...

  19. Integrating evo-devo with ecology for a better understanding of phenotypic evolution.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Santos, M Emília; Berger, Chloé S; Refki, Peter N; Khila, Abderrahman

    2015-11-01

    Evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo) has provided invaluable contributions to our understanding of the mechanistic relationship between genotypic and phenotypic change. Similarly, evolutionary ecology has greatly advanced our understanding of the relationship between the phenotype and the environment. To fully understand the evolution of organismal diversity, a thorough integration of these two fields is required. This integration remains highly challenging because model systems offering a rich ecological and evolutionary background, together with the availability of developmental genetic tools and genomic resources, are scarce. In this review, we introduce the semi-aquatic bugs (Gerromorpha, Heteroptera) as original models well suited to study why and how organisms diversify. The Gerromorpha invaded water surfaces over 200 mya and diversified into a range of remarkable new forms within this new ecological habitat. We summarize the biology and evolutionary history of this group of insects and highlight a set of characters associated with the habitat change and the diversification that followed. We further discuss the morphological, behavioral, molecular and genomic tools available that together make semi-aquatic bugs a prime model for integration across disciplines. We present case studies showing how the implementation and combination of these approaches can advance our understanding of how the interaction between genotypes, phenotypes and the environment drives the evolution of distinct morphologies. Finally, we explain how the same set of experimental designs can be applied in other systems to address similar biological questions. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press.

  20. NorWood: a gene expression resource for evo-devo studies of conifer wood development.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jokipii-Lukkari, Soile; Sundell, David; Nilsson, Ove; Hvidsten, Torgeir R; Street, Nathaniel R; Tuominen, Hannele

    2017-10-01

    The secondary xylem of conifers is composed mainly of tracheids that differ anatomically and chemically from angiosperm xylem cells. There is currently no high-spatial-resolution data available profiling gene expression during wood formation for any coniferous species, which limits insight into tracheid development. RNA-sequencing data from replicated, high-spatial-resolution section series throughout the cambial and woody tissues of Picea abies were used to generate the NorWood.conGenIE.org web resource, which facilitates exploration of the associated gene expression profiles and co-expression networks. Integration within PlantGenIE.org enabled a comparative regulomics analysis, revealing divergent co-expression networks between P. abies and the two angiosperm species Arabidopsis thaliana and Populus tremula for the secondary cell wall (SCW) master regulator NAC Class IIB transcription factors. The SCW cellulose synthase genes (CesAs) were located in the neighbourhoods of the NAC factors in A. thaliana and P. tremula, but not in P. abies. The NorWood co-expression network enabled identification of potential SCW CesA regulators in P. abies. The NorWood web resource represents a powerful community tool for generating evo-devo insights into the divergence of wood formation between angiosperms and gymnosperms and for advancing understanding of the regulation of wood development in P. abies. © 2017 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2017 New Phytologist Trust.

  1. Um Barquinho para navegar: devoção e habitus religioso na constituição da Capelinha de São Francisco

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eloi dos Santos Magalhães

    Full Text Available Resumo O objetivo deste estudo é explorar uma compreensão histórica da constituição do Centro Espírita e Culto de Oração Casa de Jesus – Fonte de Luz, localizado na cidade amazônica de Rio Branco, estado do Acre. O processo de institucionalização dessa associação religiosa é investigado à medida que se apresentam as relações associativas desenvolvidas ao longo da formação de uma religiosidade de devoção. Assim, trata-se de mostrar a expressão de uma comunalização religiosa em seu processo histórico de organização como uma forma de interação social. Este artigo baseia-se em material etnográfico reunido entre os anos de 2009 e 2012.

  2. Put a tiger in your tank: the polyclad flatworm Maritigrella crozieri as a proposed model for evo-devo.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lapraz, François; Rawlinson, Kate A; Girstmair, Johannes; Tomiczek, Bartłomiej; Berger, Jürgen; Jékely, Gáspár; Telford, Maximilian J; Egger, Bernhard

    2013-10-09

    Polyclad flatworms are an early branching clade within the rhabditophoran Platyhelminthes. They provide an interesting system with which to explore the evolution of development within Platyhelminthes and amongst Spiralia (Lophotrochozoa). Unlike most other flatworms, polyclads undergo spiral cleavage (similar to that seen in some other spiralian taxa), they are the only free-living flatworms where development via a larval stage occurs, and they are the only flatworms in which embryos can be reared outside of their protective egg case, enabling embryonic manipulations. Past work has focused on comparing early cleavage patterns and larval anatomy between polyclads and other spiralians. We have selected Maritigrella crozieri, the tiger flatworm, as a suitable polyclad species for developmental studies, because it is abundant and large in size compared to other species. These characteristics have facilitated the generation of a transcriptome from embryonic and larval material and are enabling us to develop methods for gene expression analysis and immunofluorescence techniques. Here we give an overview of M. crozieri and its development, we highlight the advantages and current limitations of this animal as a potential evo-devo model and discuss current lines of research.

  3. Evolução biológica: ECO-EVO-DEVO na formação inicial de professores e pesquisadores

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Thais Benetti Oliveira

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available A epistemologia é uma área que fornece aportes para reflexão sobre a natureza e construção dos conhecimentos. No que é referente às Ciências Biológicas, o conceito de evolução é entendido como um eixo integrador dessa Ciência e, portanto, deve representar a integração das diversas áreas da Biologia. Um estudo epistemológico sobre evolução permite que identifiquemos uma abordagem recente de pesquisa denominada ECO-EVO-DEVO, a qual apresenta um sincronismo entre desenvolvimento, organismo e ambiente no processo evolutivo e na constituição da diversidade fenotípica. Entendemos que é de ostensiva importância que essa abordagem seja discutia durante a Formação Inicial de professores e pesquisadores em Ciências Biológicas e, portanto, pretendemos investigar meios de representa-la como uma forma a facilitar sua inserção na sala de aula. Para a realização desta investigação, organizamos um Grupo de Pesquisa em Epistemologia da Biologia (GPEB onde foram propostas discussões acerca da evolução biológica a partir dessa abordagem. Desta forma, este artigo é sistematizado por meio de três principais eixos: 1 as características do conhecimento biológico integrado; 2 a epistemologia como parte fundamental à didática da biologia; 3 o GPEB como um espaço formativo por meio do qual pôde-se obter dados empíricos acerca de possibilidades de didatização do conhecimento biológico e 4 a proposição de diagramas para representar o percurso conceitual da abordagem integrada da evolução. Assim, um estudo aprofundado sobre as compilações contemporâneas acerca da ECO-EVO-DEVO e da pluralidade de processos que envolvem a evolução biológica, as discussões no GPEB e a elaboração de diagramas decorrentes da organização conceitual engendrada pelos participantes do grupo formam estratégias metodológicas que permitiram exemplificar caracterizações sobre a integração dos níveis biológicos no processo evolutivo

  4. The excluded philosophy of evo-devo? Revisiting C.H. Waddington's failed attempt to embed Alfred North Whitehead's "organicism" in evolutionary biology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Peterson, Erik L

    2011-01-01

    Though a prominent British developmental biologist in his day, a close friend of Theodosius Dobzhansky, and a frequent correspondent with Ernst Mayr, C.H. Waddington did not enter the ranks of "architect" of the Modern Synthesis. By the end of his career, in fact, he recognized that other biologists reacted to his work "as though they feel obscurely uneasy"; and that the best that some philosophers of biology could say of his work was that he was not "wholly orthodox" (Waddington 1975c, 11). In this essay, I take Waddington's self-assessments at face value and explore three potential reasons why his work did not have more of a direct impact: Waddington's explicit support for the philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead; a lack of institutional support; and Waddington's occasional marginalization from the core network of American neo-Darwinians. Though excluded from the Modern Synthesis in the mid-20th century, it now appears that Waddington's work does undergird the emerging evo-devo synthesis. Whether this indicates concomitant, if implicit, support for Whiteheadian philosophy is an interesting question not explored here.

  5. LA EVO-DEVO COMO CIENCIA HISTÓRICA DE CAUSAS REMOTAS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gustavo Caponi

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available ABSTRACT EVO-DEVO AS HISTORICAL SCIENCE OF ULTIMATES CAUSES Having as starting point that a proximal cause is one which effects can be registered in the states of an individual organism, in this work I will argue that what defines an ultimate cause is the fact that its effects can be registered in the evolution of lineages, and not simply in population states. This, on the other hand, not only will allow us to clarify how the developmental constraints can be understood as causes of the evolutionary phenomena; but also it will allow us to point the eminently historical character of Developmental Evolutionary Biology that Wallace Arthur lessened in Biased Embryos and Evolution. Thus, and following this latter reasoning, I will also try to show that, although the action of developmental constraints could happen beyond the limits of a population or a particular species, that does not imply that we are before a comeback of typological thought in Evolutionary Biology. Key Words: Evolutionary Developmental Biology; Typological Thought; Ultimate Causes.   RESUMEN Partiendo de la premisa de que una causa próxima es aquella cuyos efectos pueden ser registrados en los estados de un organismo individual, en este trabajo sostendré que lo que define a una causa remota es el hecho de que sus efectos puedan ser registrados en la evolución de linajes, y no simplemente en estados poblacionales. Esto, por otra parte, no sólo nos permitirá entender en qué sentido los constreñimientos ontogenéticos deben ser comprendidos como causas remotas de los fenómenos evolutivos; sino que además nos permitirá poner en evidencia el carácter eminentemente histórico de la Biología Evolucionaria del Desarrollo que Wallace Arthur menoscabó en Biased Embryos and Evolution.  Así, y siguiendo esta última línea de razonamiento, también intentaré mostrar que, aunque la acción de dichos constreñimientos ontogenéticos pueda verificarse más allá de los l

  6. Quantifying Mosaic Development: Towards an Evo-Devo Postmodern Synthesis of the Evolution of Development via Differentiation Trees of Embryos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bradly Alicea

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available Embryonic development proceeds through a series of differentiation events. The mosaic version of this process (binary cell divisions can be analyzed by comparing early development of Ciona intestinalis and Caenorhabditis elegans. To do this, we reorganize lineage trees into differentiation trees using the graph theory ordering of relative cell volume. Lineage and differentiation trees provide us with means to classify each cell using binary codes. Extracting data characterizing lineage tree position, cell volume, and nucleus position for each cell during early embryogenesis, we conduct several statistical analyses, both within and between taxa. We compare both cell volume distributions and cell volume across developmental time within and between single species and assess differences between lineage tree and differentiation tree orderings. This enhances our understanding of the differentiation events in a model of pure mosaic embryogenesis and its relationship to evolutionary conservation. We also contribute several new techniques for assessing both differences between lineage trees and differentiation trees, and differences between differentiation trees of different species. The results suggest that at the level of differentiation trees, there are broad similarities between distantly related mosaic embryos that might be essential to understanding evolutionary change and phylogeny reconstruction. Differentiation trees may therefore provide a basis for an Evo-Devo Postmodern Synthesis.

  7. 05421 Abstracts Collection - Data Always and Everywhere

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Alonso, G.; Jensen, Christian Søndergaard; Mitschang, B.

    2006-01-01

    From 16.10.05 to 21.10.05, the Dagstuhl Seminar 05421, Data Always and Everywhere - Management of Mobile, Ubiquitous, Pervasive, and Sensor Data, was held in the International Conference and Research Center, Schloss Dagstuhl. During the seminar, all participants were given the opportunity...... to present their current research, and ongoing activities and open problems were discussed. This document is a collection of the abstracts of the presentations given during the seminar. Some abstracts offer links to extended abstracts, full papers, and other supporting documents. A separate companion...... document summarizes the seminar. The authors wish to acknowledge Victor Teixeira de Almeida, who served as collector for the seminar and thus played a key role in collecting materials from the seminar participants...

  8. Kes kaitseks Eesti ohvitsere NKVD-KGB laimu eest? / Peep Varju

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Varju, Peep

    2008-01-01

    Autor polemiseerib Eesti Ekspressis ilmunud artiklitega Eesti endiste ohvitseride kohta, kus käsitletakse nende väidetavat koostööd KGBga. Vaatluse all on ohvitserid Ain Mere, Harald Nugiseks, Alfons Rebane ja Harald Riipalu

  9. How to make a bridge between transformation and analysis technologies?

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Vinju, J.J.; Cordy, J.R.; Cordy, J.R.; Lämmel, R.; Winter, A.

    2006-01-01

    At the Dagstuhl seminar on Transformation Techniques in Software Engineering we had an organized discussion on the intricacies of engineering practicle connections between software analysis and software transformation tools. This abstract summarizes it. This discussion contributes mainly by

  10. Os sete pecados capitais e os processos de culpabilização em manuais de devoção do século XVIII

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eliane Cristina Deckmann Fleck

    Full Text Available Neste artigo, analisamos o manual de devoção Mestre da vida que ensina a viver e morrer santamente, escrito pelo dominicano português João Franco, em 1731, a partir das representações dos pecados capitais que apresenta, das recomendações que faz para combatê-los e dos "remédios" que propõe para a salvação das almas. A análise considera, ainda, as estratégias discursivas empregadas pelo célebre pregador para promover a interiorização da culpa e o arrependimento nos leitores católicos. Com o intuito de evidenciar a circulação e a difusão de percepções sobre pecado e culpa e, sobretudo, sobre a salvação das almas na primeira metade do século XVIII, as orientações divulgadas no Mestre da vida são cotejadas com as imagens sobre as penas que os pecadores sofreriam no inferno, que ilustram a obra Desengano dos pecadores, escrita em 1724, pelo padre jesuíta Alexandre Perier.

  11. Forensic Computing (Dagstuhl Seminar 13482)

    OpenAIRE

    Freiling, Felix C.; Hornung, Gerrit; Polcák, Radim

    2014-01-01

    Forensic computing} (sometimes also called digital forensics, computer forensics or IT forensics) is a branch of forensic science pertaining to digital evidence, i.e., any legal evidence that is processed by digital computer systems or stored on digital storage media. Forensic computing is a new discipline evolving within the intersection of several established research areas such as computer science, computer engineering and law. Forensic computing is rapidly gaining importance since the...

  12. Resource Efficient Scheduling, Optimization and Control.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    van den Akker, Marjan; Derksen, Christian; Kowalczyk, Ryszard; Mönch, Lars; Valogianni, Konstantina; van Heck, Erik; Zhang, Minjie

    2014-01-01

    This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 14181 "Multi-agent systems and their role in future energy grids". A number of recent events (e.g. Fukushima, Japan, and the largest blackout in history, India) have once again increased global attention on climate change and

  13. Secure Architectures in the Cloud

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    De Capitani di Vimercati, Sabrina; Pieters, Wolter; Probst, Christian W.

    2011-01-01

    This report documents the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 11492 “Secure Architectures in the Cloud‿. In cloud computing, data storage and processing are offered as services, and data are managed by external providers that reside outside the control of the data owner. The use of such services reduces

  14. 06472 Executive Summary - XQuery Implementation Paradigms

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Boncz, Peter A.; Grust, Torsten; Siméon, Jerome; Boncz, P.A.; Grust, T.; Siméon, J.; van Keulen, Maurice

    Only a couple of weeks after the participants of seminar No. 06472 met in Dagstuhl, the W3C published the Final Recommendation documents that fix the XQuery 1.0 syntax, data model, formal semantics, built-in function library and the interaction with the XML Schema Recommendations (see W3C's XQuery

  15. Interview with Abel Prize Recipient Srinivasa Varadhan

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Raussen, Martin; Skau, Christian

    2008-01-01

    His Majesty King Harald presented the Abel Prize for 2007 to Srinivasa Varadhan at an award ceremony in the University Aula in Oslo on the 22nd May, 2007. The interview was conducted the day before the ceremony.......His Majesty King Harald presented the Abel Prize for 2007 to Srinivasa Varadhan at an award ceremony in the University Aula in Oslo on the 22nd May, 2007. The interview was conducted the day before the ceremony....

  16. Who was in Harold Bluetooth’s army?

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Price, Douglas; Frei, Karin; Dobat, A.S.

    2011-01-01

    The circular fortress of Trelleborg on Zealand in Denmark is well known as a military camp with a key role in the formation of the Danish state under Harald Bluetooth in the tenth century AD. Taking a sample of 48 burials from the fort, strontium isotope analysis once again demonstrates its ability...... with a silver casket. Trelleborg, home of Harald Bluetooth's army, was a fortress of foreigners with vivid implications for the nature of his political mission...

  17. The Development of the Silurian Trilobite Aulacopleura koninckii Reconstructed by Applying Inferred Growth and Segmentation Dynamics: A Case Study in Paleo-Evo-Devo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nigel C. Hughes

    2017-05-01

    research program of “paleo-evo-devo.”

  18. A royal visit

    CERN Multimedia

    2006-01-01

    King Harald V and Queen Sonja of Norway made a trip to CERN on Tuesday 4 April, taking a tour of part of the LHC and greeting the Norwegian students and scientists at the Laboratory. Norway's King Harald V and Queen Sonja take a tour of the ATLAS detector with CERN Director-General Robert Aymar.King Harald V and Queen Sonja are greeted warmly by members of the Norwegian community at the CERN Globe. CERN Director-General Robert Aymar welcomed the royal party, which included the Norwegian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Jonas Gahr Støre, and provided an overview of CERN's history and current and future research. ATLAS deputy spokesperson Steinar Stapnes then quickly explained the concept and inner workings of the LHC, some LHC physics goals and ATLAS, which is one of the main experiments receiving Norwegian contributions. 'I don't think I've ever had so many distinguished students before,' Stapnes said jokingly to the crowd.The royal delegation was then escorted underground for a look at the LHC tunnel and the...

  19. Design of Microfluidic Biochips (Dagstuhl Seminar 15352)

    OpenAIRE

    Chakrabarty, Krishnendu; Ho, Tsung-Yi; Wille, Robert

    2016-01-01

    Advances in microfluidic technologies have led to the emergence of biochip devices for automating laboratory procedures in biochemistry and molecular biology. Corresponding systems are revolutionizing a diverse range of applications, e.g.~air quality studies, point-of-care clinical diagnostics, drug discovery, and DNA sequencing -- with an increasing market. However, this continued growth depends on advances in chip integration and design-automation tools. Thus, there is a need to deliver the...

  20. Monge João Maria na tradição religiosa popular do planalto meridional do Brasil = João Maria monk in popular religious tradition of southern plateau of Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Karsburg, Alexandre de Oliveira

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available O presente projeto de pesquisa vem sendo desenvolvido junto ao Programa de Pós Graduação em História da Universidade Federal de Pelotas e tem por objetivo reconstruir o processo histórico de uma das mais marcantes e duradouras devoções populares surgidas nas Américas: a crença no Monge João Maria. Iniciada na década de 1840 a partir da peregrinação do italiano João Maria de Agostini por vários países do continente americano, desde então a devoção vem sendo ressignificada pelas pessoas em um processo criativo e autônomo, servindo há mais de um século como elemento identitário e que estrutura a sociabilidade. Atingindo um vasto território que inclui pontos dos estados do Paraná, Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, com repercussões no norte da Argentina, a devoção configurou-se como verdadeiro patrimônio cultural e imaterial de pessoas que têm no monge um de seus principais santos. Além da pesquisa histórica propriamente dita, desejamos realizar um mapeamento dos locais de memória atualmente associados à devoção ao Monge João Maria. Este Mapa da Devoção será apresentado aos órgãos oficiais na tentativa de obter seu reconhecimento como patrimônio imaterial das populações, a fim de contribuir para a preservação de locais e crenças

  1. Avatus üle kõige : Veneetsia '99 / Reet Varblane, Reet Varblane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Varblane, Reet, 1952-

    1999-01-01

    Veneetsia biennaali tänavuste korraldajate uuendusi. Peakuraatori Harald Szeemanni projektist "APERTO [avatus] üle kõige". Osalejad Skandinaaviamaadest. Sverre Fehni loodud Põhjamaade paviljonist.

  2. Evolutionary developmental pathology and anthropology: A new field linking development, comparative anatomy, human evolution, morphological variations and defects, and medicine.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Diogo, Rui; Smith, Christopher M; Ziermann, Janine M

    2015-11-01

    We introduce a new subfield of the recently created field of Evolutionary-Developmental-Anthropology (Evo-Devo-Anth): Evolutionary-Developmental-Pathology-and-Anthropology (Evo-Devo-P'Anth). This subfield combines experimental and developmental studies of nonhuman model organisms, biological anthropology, chordate comparative anatomy and evolution, and the study of normal and pathological human development. Instead of focusing on other organisms to try to better understand human development, evolution, anatomy, and pathology, it places humans as the central case study, i.e., as truly model organism themselves. We summarize the results of our recent Evo-Devo-P'Anth studies and discuss long-standing questions in each of the broader biological fields combined in this subfield, paying special attention to the links between: (1) Human anomalies and variations, nonpentadactyly, homeotic transformations, and "nearest neighbor" vs. "find and seek" muscle-skeleton associations in limb+facial muscles vs. other head muscles; (2) Developmental constraints, the notion of "phylotypic stage," internalism vs. externalism, and the "logic of monsters" vs. "lack of homeostasis" views about human birth defects; (3) Human evolution, reversions, atavisms, paedomorphosis, and peromorphosis; (4) Scala naturae, Haeckelian recapitulation, von Baer's laws, and parallelism between phylogeny and development, here formally defined as "Phylo-Devo parallelism"; and (5) Patau, Edwards, and Down syndrome (trisomies 13, 18, 21), atavisms, apoptosis, heart malformations, and medical implications. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  3. Evolution and developmental genetics of floral display-A review of progress

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    Qing Ma; Wenheng Zhang; Qiu-Yun (Jenny) Xiang

    2017-01-01

    Angiosperms evolved a great diversity of ways to display their flowers for reproductive success by variation in floral color,size,shape,scent,arrangements,and flowering time.The various innovations in floral forms and the aggregation of flowers into different kinds of inflorescences can drive new ecological adaptations,speciation,and angiosperm diversification.Evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo) seeks to uncover the developmental and genetic basis underlying morphological diversification.Advances in the developmental genetics of floral display have provided a foundation for insights into the genetic basis of floral and inflorescence evolution.A number of regulatory genes controlling floral and inflorescence development have been identified in model plants (e.g.,Arabidopsis thaliana,Antirrhinum majus) using forward genetics and conserved functions of many of these genes across diverse non-model species have been revealed by reverse genetics.Gene-regulatory networks that mediated the developmental progresses of floral and inflorescence development have also been established in some plant species.Meanwhile,phylogeny-based comparative analysis of morphological and genetic character has enabled the identification of key evolutionary events that lead to morphological complexity and diversification.Here we review the recent progress on evo-devo studies of floral display including floral symmetry,petal fusion,floral color,floral scent,and inflorescences.We also review the molecular genetic approaches applied to plant evo-devo studies and highlight the future directions of evo-devo.

  4. Jumalaga, ainsus! : (Postmodernismi väljakutse eesti kirjandusele ja kriitikale) / Rein Veidemann

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Veidemann, Rein, 1946-

    1995-01-01

    Ka Harald Peebu artiklist 'Arvustaja teeristil' (Keel ja Kirjandus, 1993, nr. 10), postmodernismi klassiku Jacques Derrida seisukohtadest, tema terminist 'différance' - 'siirdus' ja kirjanduskriitikast

  5. Ignorabimuse "Hüpodermic Pleasure" singel. Jon Spencer Blues Explosion esineb Ruisrockil

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2002-01-01

    6. juulil Bremeni hoovis toimuvast Ignorabimose (+ Balzam, Catafalc, Symbolic State, Harald&Melotrap) kontserdist ning esimese singli "Hüpodermic Pleasure" esitlusest. 6. ja 7. juulil toimuvast rockifestivalist Soomes

  6. Tallinna II illustratsioonitriennaal

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2006-01-01

    Triennaalist "Pildi jõud" Eesti Rahvusraamatukogus. Norra kunstniku Harald Nordbergi isiknäitus Eesti Rahvusraamatukogu 6. korruse näitusesaalis, soome raamatugraafiku Matti Kota isiknäitus Soome Instituudis

  7. Veneetsia biennaal ئ avatus üle kõige / Reet Varblane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Varblane, Reet, 1952-

    1999-01-01

    Veneetsia 48. rahvusvaheline kunstibiennaal Castello Giardinis, Arsenales ja mujal Veneetsias 13. VI-7. XI. Kuraator Harald Szeemann. Biennaali deviis "Avatus üle kõige". Biennaali territooriumi kasv soodustab suletust.

  8. Viiruste vägi / Tõnis Karki

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Karki, Tõnis, 1963-

    2008-01-01

    2008. aasta medistsiinipreemia pälvisid sakslane Harald zur Hausen emakakealavähki põhjustava viiruse leidmise eest ning prantslased Francoise Barré-Sinoussi ja Luc Montagnier HI-viiruse avastamise eest

  9. Nobeli preemia läks vähi-ja aidsiuurijaile / Liisi Poll

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Poll, Liisi, 1980-

    2008-01-01

    2008. aasta medistsiinipreemia pälvisid sakslane Harald zur Hausen emakakealavähki põhjustava viiruse leidmise eest ning prantslased Francoise Barré-Sinoussi ja Luc Montagnier HI-viiruse avastamise eest

  10. Pildi jõud rahvusraamatukogus / Viive Noor

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Noor, Viive

    2006-01-01

    II Tallinna illustratsioonitriennaali "Pildi jõud" ekspositsioonist Eesti Rahvusraamatukogus. Peapreemia võitis 2006. aastal taani illustraator Lilian Brogger ja 2003. aastal norra kunstnik Harald Nordberg. Soome illustraatori Matti Kota raamatuillustratsioonide näitusest Soome Instituudis

  11. Hiina kunstnikud kaebavad Veneetsia biennaali kohtusse / Maria-Kristiina Soomre

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Soomre, Maria-Kristiina, 1978-

    2000-01-01

    1999. a. Veneetsia biennaalil auhinna võitnud hiina kunstniku Cai Guo Qiangi teos "Veneetsia maksukoguja hoov" on Hiinas tekitanud diskussiooni autoriõiguste teemal. Kaalutakse kohtuasja algatamist Cai Guo Qiangi, Harald Szeemanni ja Veneetsia biennaali vastu

  12. Research Article Special Issue

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    pc

    2018-03-07

    Mar 7, 2018 ... Intention Based on the Social Cognitive Career. Theory. Anh T.P. Tran. Harald Von Korflesch .... Work-Based Learning in Social ..... [13] Wood R, Bandura A. Social cognitive theory of organizational management. Academy of ...

  13. The sociobiology of genes: the gene's eye view as a unifying behavioural-ecological framework for biological evolution.

    Science.gov (United States)

    De Tiège, Alexis; Van de Peer, Yves; Braeckman, Johan; Tanghe, Koen B

    2017-11-22

    Although classical evolutionary theory, i.e., population genetics and the Modern Synthesis, was already implicitly 'gene-centred', the organism was, in practice, still generally regarded as the individual unit of which a population is composed. The gene-centred approach to evolution only reached a logical conclusion with the advent of the gene-selectionist or gene's eye view in the 1960s and 1970s. Whereas classical evolutionary theory can only work with (genotypically represented) fitness differences between individual organisms, gene-selectionism is capable of working with fitness differences among genes within the same organism and genome. Here, we explore the explanatory potential of 'intra-organismic' and 'intra-genomic' gene-selectionism, i.e., of a behavioural-ecological 'gene's eye view' on genetic, genomic and organismal evolution. First, we give a general outline of the framework and how it complements the-to some extent-still 'organism-centred' approach of classical evolutionary theory. Secondly, we give a more in-depth assessment of its explanatory potential for biological evolution, i.e., for Darwin's 'common descent with modification' or, more specifically, for 'historical continuity or homology with modular evolutionary change' as it has been studied by evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo) during the last few decades. In contrast with classical evolutionary theory, evo-devo focuses on 'within-organism' developmental processes. Given the capacity of gene-selectionism to adopt an intra-organismal gene's eye view, we outline the relevance of the latter model for evo-devo. Overall, we aim for the conceptual integration between the gene's eye view on the one hand, and more organism-centred evolutionary models (both classical evolutionary theory and evo-devo) on the other.

  14. You err, Einstein.. Newton, Einstein, Heisenberg, and Feynman discuss quantum physics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fritzsch, Harald

    2008-01-01

    Harald Fritzsch and his star physicists Einstein, Heisenberg, and Feynman explain the central concept of nowadays physics, quantum mechanics, without it nothing goes in modern world. And the great Isaac newton puts the questions, which all would put

  15. Fresh Approaches to Business Process Modeling (Dagstuhl Seminar 16191)

    OpenAIRE

    Hull, Richard; Koschmider, Agnes; Reijers, Hajo A.; Wong, William

    2016-01-01

    Business Process Management (BPM) has significantly advanced and gained high popularity in industry. However, it remains an open issue why tools frequently are used for business process modeling that are not mainly implemented for this purpose. Often, macros for Microsoft Visio or Microsoft Excel form the first choice to capture the flow of business activities. One reason why these tools might be used is the low training effort and the fast creation of a quick model, which can be generated wi...

  16. Quantenfeldtheorie wie man beschreibt, was die Welt im Innersten zusammenhält

    CERN Document Server

    Fritzsch, Harald

    2015-01-01

    Die Geheimnisse des Mikrokosmos aufzudecken, hat die Physiker seit Jahrhunderten fasziniert. Doch obwohl in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten viele interessante Entdeckungen gemacht wurden, bleiben noch Fragen offen, die Harald Fritzsch in diesem Buch von der physikalischen und mathematischen Seite beleuchtet: - Haben die Physiker mit der Standardtheorie der Elementarteilchenphysik schon eine exakte Beschreibung der Teilchenwelt gefunden? - Gibt es wirklich eine „Große Vereinigung“ aller fundamentalen Kräfte? - Und sind die Leptonen, (wie das Elektron), oder die Bausteine der Hadronen, (die Quarks), vielleicht gar nicht wirklich punktförmig, sondern kleine eindimensionale Objekte, die man als „Strings“ bezeichnet? Dieses Buch setzt mathematische Vorbildung voraus und versteht sich als Überblick über die modernen Grundlagen der Quantenfeldtheorie und als Diskussionsbeitrag. Somit eignet sich das Werk insbesondere auch als Überblick und Wiederholung für Physiker. Harald Fritzsch ist bereits als Auto...

  17. Exact sampling hardness of Ising spin models

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fefferman, B.; Foss-Feig, M.; Gorshkov, A. V.

    2017-09-01

    We study the complexity of classically sampling from the output distribution of an Ising spin model, which can be implemented naturally in a variety of atomic, molecular, and optical systems. In particular, we construct a specific example of an Ising Hamiltonian that, after time evolution starting from a trivial initial state, produces a particular output configuration with probability very nearly proportional to the square of the permanent of a matrix with arbitrary integer entries. In a similar spirit to boson sampling, the ability to sample classically from the probability distribution induced by time evolution under this Hamiltonian would imply unlikely complexity theoretic consequences, suggesting that the dynamics of such a spin model cannot be efficiently simulated with a classical computer. Physical Ising spin systems capable of achieving problem-size instances (i.e., qubit numbers) large enough so that classical sampling of the output distribution is classically difficult in practice may be achievable in the near future. Unlike boson sampling, our current results only imply hardness of exact classical sampling, leaving open the important question of whether a much stronger approximate-sampling hardness result holds in this context. The latter is most likely necessary to enable a convincing experimental demonstration of quantum supremacy. As referenced in a recent paper [A. Bouland, L. Mancinska, and X. Zhang, in Proceedings of the 31st Conference on Computational Complexity (CCC 2016), Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (Schloss Dagstuhl-Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, Dagstuhl, 2016)], our result completes the sampling hardness classification of two-qubit commuting Hamiltonians.

  18. History, contact and classification of Papuan languages, Part I

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Hammarström, Harald; den Heuvel, van Wilco

    Harald Hammarström and Wilco van den Heuvel organized a conference on the History, contact, and classification of Papuan languages, and edited this peer-reviewed special issue of the journal Languages and Linguistics in Melanesia following the conference.

  19. Special Issue on Automatic Application Tuning for HPC Architectures

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Siegfried Benkner

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available High Performance Computing architectures have become incredibly complex and exploiting their full potential is becoming more and more challenging. As a consequence, automatic performance tuning (autotuning of HPC applications is of growing interest and many research groups around the world are currently involved. Autotuning is still a rapidly evolving research field with many different approaches being taken. This special issue features selected papers presented at the Dagstuhl seminar on “Automatic Application Tuning for HPC Architectures” in October 2013, which brought together researchers from the areas of autotuning and performance analysis in order to exchange ideas and steer future collaborations.

  20. 23. IX korraldab Vaala galerii kunstioksjoni "Väliseesti eri"

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2004-01-01

    Oksjonil on esindatud Eerik Haamer, Jaan Grünberg, Arno Vihalemm, Eduard Wiiralt, Ruth Tulving, Endel Kõks, Harald Jürissaar, Otto Paas, Ville Tops, Otto Puusta. Töödega saab tutvuda alates 18. IX, traditsiooniline sügisoksjon toimub 18. XI

  1. Maailmakuulsa Marc Chagalli litograafiad jõudsid Pärnusse / Ants Juske

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Juske, Ants, 1956-2016

    1999-01-01

    60. aastatel tehtud litograafiad on pärit Hannoveri Sprengeli muuseumist. Pärnu Uue Kunsti Muuseumis näitusel 'Testament' on need eksponeeritud koos Herman Talviku graafikaga, mis on pärit Rootsis elava Harald Keilandi (Ilmar Malini vend) kogust

  2. Soomlased vallutavad Veneetsia / Maria-Kristiina Soomre

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Soomre, Maria-Kristiina, 1978-

    2001-01-01

    Peakuraator Harald Szeemann valis Veneetsia biennaali põhiprogrammi seitse soome kunstnikku. Põhjamaade paviljonis esinevad soomlased Tommi Grönlund ja Petteri Nisunen, norralane Anders Tomren, rootslased Leif Elggren ja Carl-Michael Hauswolff. Suurbritanniat esindab Mark Wallinger, Belgiat Luc Tuymans, Saksamaad Gregor Schneider (Scneider?)

  3. Fulltext PDF

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    IAS Admin

    In more complex, real world ... 1946, one year after Rao's paper, in a book authored by the renowned statistician, Harald Cramer. ... today [5]! This paper deserves to be read as a classic, both for its content and as marking a landmark event.

  4. The Life and Work of Niels Bohr – A Brief Sketch

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    IAS Admin

    Niels Henrik David Bohr was born to affluent parents on. 7 October 1885 in ... two years older; while his brother Harald, to whom he was ... sions from a very young age. ... married on 1 August 1912, the beginning of a 50-year relationship.

  5. Õpetatud Eesti Selts 1988-1991 : [Ülevaade koosolekutest] / Tiit Rosenberg, Maris Pruuli

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Rosenberg, Tiit, 1946-

    1995-01-01

    Lisa: Õpetatud Eesti Seltsi taasasutamise ürik : [26 apr. 1988]. Allakirjutanute hulgas Paul Ariste, Eduard Laugaste, Leo Metsar, Aino Põldmäe, Harald Peep, Juhan Peegel, Imbi Pelkonen, Heno Sarv, Arne Merilai, Margus Kasterpalu, Heli Laanekask, Eva Aaver, Paul Hagu, Hando Runnel

  6. Gene Coexpression and Evolutionary Conservation Analysis of the Human Preimplantation Embryos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tiancheng Liu

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Evolutionary developmental biology (EVO-DEVO tries to decode evolutionary constraints on the stages of embryonic development. Two models—the “funnel-like” model and the “hourglass” model—have been proposed by investigators to illustrate the fluctuation of selective pressure on these stages. However, selective indices of stages corresponding to mammalian preimplantation embryonic development (PED were undetected in previous studies. Based on single cell RNA sequencing of stages during human PED, we used coexpression method to identify gene modules activated in each of these stages. Through measuring the evolutionary indices of gene modules belonging to each stage, we observed change pattern of selective constraints on PED for the first time. The selective pressure decreases from the zygote stage to the 4-cell stage and increases at the 8-cell stage and then decreases again from 8-cell stage to the late blastocyst stages. Previous EVO-DEVO studies concerning the whole embryo development neglected the fluctuation of selective pressure in these earlier stages, and the fluctuation was potentially correlated with events of earlier stages, such as zygote genome activation (ZGA. Such oscillation in an earlier stage would further affect models of the evolutionary constraints on whole embryo development. Therefore, these earlier stages should be measured intensively in future EVO-DEVO studies.

  7. Det Kongelige Puslespil

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    2015-01-01

    3D modeller og animation af vikingetidens Jelling, baseret på bl.a. udgravningsdata fra Jellingprojektet. Gennemgang af vikingesamfundet og en beskrivelse af de to runesten i Jelling, en kronologisk gennemgang af udgravningerne fra 2008, samt indklip fra historien om Harald Blåtands bedrifter...

  8. 2008 Nobel prize in Medicine for discoverers of HIV

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Lever, Andrew M. L.; Berkhout, Ben

    2008-01-01

    ABSTRACT: Francoise Barre-Sinoussi and Luc Montagnier, codiscoverers of HIV, the causative agent of AIDS, have been awarded the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. They share this prize with Harald zur Hausen who was responsible for establishing the link between human papilloma virus

  9. From Nancy to Copenhagen to the World: The internationalization of Laurent Schwartz and his theory of distributions

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Barany, Michael J.; Paumier, Anne-Sandrine; Lützen, Jesper

    2017-01-01

    Nancy, via Copenhagen, to the world stage, culminating in his 1950 Fields Medal awarded in Cambridge, Massachusetts. We identify, based on new archival findings, the pivotal role of Danish mathematician Harald Bohr along this trajectory. Our analysis reveals the emerging dynamics of early postwar...

  10. Kaj Munk 1898 - 1944

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Skov, Christian Houlberg

    2010-01-01

    Kaj Harald Leininger Munk var en dansk præst og dramatiker, der spillede en stor rolle i mellemkrigstidens scenekunst. Som politisk skribent blev han under 2. verdenskrig et vigtigt symbol på den nationale modstand mod både den tyske besættelse og samarbejdspolitikken....

  11. Õnnitlused Vabariigi Presidendile ja eesti rahvale Eesti Vabariigi 75. aastapäeva puhul

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    1993-01-01

    Boriss Jeltsin, kuninganna Elisabeth, kuninganna Margrethe, kuningas Carl Gustaf, M. Koivisto, Th. Klestil (Austria Vabariigi Liidupresident), Yang Shangkun (Hiina Rahvavabariigi President), Shanker Daval Sharma, kuningas Baudouin, A. Ogi (Šveitsi Konföderatsiooni President), kuningas Harald, patriarh Aleksius. Ilmunud ka: Päevaleht 26. veebr. lk. 1

  12. PostgreSQL in the database landscape

    CERN Multimedia

    CERN. Geneva; Riggs, Simon

    2013-01-01

    This presentation targets the exposure of PostgreSQL and its main highlights in two parts: PostgreSQL today, by Harald Armin Massa This will explore the functionalities and capabilities of PostgreSQL; point out differences to other available databases; give information about the PostgreSQL project how it ensures the quality of this software. PostgreSQL and Extremely Large Databases, by Simon Riggs presenting an outlook on what is happening with PostgreSQL and Extremely Large Databases. About the speakers Simon Riggs is founder and CTO of 2ndQuadrant. He is working in the AXLE project. He works as an Architect and Developer of new features for PostgreSQL, setting technical directions for 2ndQuadrant and as a Database Systems Architect for 2ndQuadrant customers. Simon is the author of PostgreSQL 9 Admin Cookbook; and a committer to the PostgreSQL project. Harald Armin Massa studied computers and economics, he's self employed since 1999, doing software development in Python and ...

  13. A light-connected world

    Science.gov (United States)

    Haas, Harald

    2016-08-01

    The humble household light bulb - once a simple source of illumination - could soon be transformed into the backbone of a revolutionary new wireless communications network based on visible light. Harald Haas explains how this “LiFi” system works and how it could shape our increasingly data-driven world

  14. A Feast Is..

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Contributions by: Aeron Bergman, Aslı Çavuşoğlu, Alejandra Salinas, Cecilia Aldarondo, David Bell, David Shrigley, Francesco Pedraglio, Harald Voetman, Ida Marie Hede, Jacob Dahl Jürgensen, Jeuno JE Kim, Jacob Lillemose, James Wilkes, Lene Asp, Linus Elmes, Lina Selander, Media Farzin, Mathias Kr...

  15. Ideed ja inimesed 2009 / Kaie Tanner

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Tanner, Kaie, 1975-

    2010-01-01

    31. jaanuaril 2009 Estonia kontserdisaalis toimunud aastakontserdil üle antud koorimuusikapreemiatest, koorifestivalist "Tallinn 2009", Hollandis Utrechtis toimunud Euroopa Noortekooride Föderatsiooni Europa Cantat poolt korraldatavast samanimelisest festivalist, Vigalas toimunud muusika seminarlaagrist, Soomes Helsingis toimunud III rahvusvahelisest Harald Anderseni nimelisest kammerkooride konkursist ja üle-eestilisest noorte koorijuhtide konkursist

  16. Telecommunication economics - summary on the dagstuhl perspectives seminar no. 08043

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Hammainen, Heikki; Chen, Hong; Pras, Aiko; Huitema, George; Waldburger, Martin; Hausheer, David; Antoniadis, Panayotis; Reichl, Peter; Kubasik, Jerzy; Stiller, Burkhard

    2008-01-01

    The telecommunications sector and the Internet section of Internet Service Providers (ISP) have become a dynamic key area for the economic development of industrialized nations in the world. It is in constant evolution. Because of intense competition, telecommunications companies and ISPs are forced

  17. … vandt sig Danmark al … - hvad mente Harald?

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Roesdahl, Else

    2013-01-01

    Diskussion af meningen med sætningen 'vandt sig Danmark al' på den store Jellingsten. Ordet 'vandt' tolkes i retning af nudansk 'vandt' og ikke som 'samlede', hvilket tit fremføres.......Diskussion af meningen med sætningen 'vandt sig Danmark al' på den store Jellingsten. Ordet 'vandt' tolkes i retning af nudansk 'vandt' og ikke som 'samlede', hvilket tit fremføres....

  18. Contra spem spero : [luuletused] / Lesja Ukrainka ; tlk. Harald Rajamets

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ukrainka, Lesja

    2004-01-01

    Sisu: Contra spem spero ; Krimmi mälestusi : Merevaikus : Maruilm : Bahţisarai palee ; Purunenud viinaklaas ; Aoeelsed tuled ; Meloodiad ; Igaveseks mälestuseks kirjakesele, mille sõbrakäsi ohupäevil ära põletas ; "Kui ma lapsepõlves vahel..." ; Romanss ; Ukraina kirjanduse saja aasta juubeliks ; Unustatud vari ; "Välud, veel laiguti sulava lumega..." ; "Alati oksakroon peas..." ; "Oi ma käin kesk kuivi kuuski, mu süda on valus..." ; "Oi ei kadund kuldsed okaspõõsad..." ; "Kord püha hermandaadi ajal juhtus..." ; Lõbus härra ; Praktiline härra ; Laine ; Reisiraamatust : Pontos Axeinos : Udus

  19. Division of Analytical Chemistry, 1998

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hansen, Elo Harald

    1999-01-01

    The article recounts the 1998 activities of the Division of Analytical Chemistry (DAC- formerly the Working Party on Analytical Chemistry, WPAC), which body is a division of the Federation of European Chemical Societies (FECS). Elo Harald Hansen is the Danish delegate, representing The Danish...... Chemical Society/The Society for Analytical Chemistry....

  20. Viking art in European churches (Cammin - Bamberg - Prague - León)

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Roesdahl, Else

    2010-01-01

    Artiklen rummer beskrivelser og diskussion af fire fornemme nordiske kunstgenstande fra vikingetiden (slutningen af 900-årene), som er bevaret i fornemme kirker forskellige steder i Europa. De er i Mammenstil og tolkes som gaver fra en nordisk (sandsynligvis dansk) konge - måske Harald Blåtand...

  1. 2008 Nobel prize in Medicine for discoverers of HIV

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Berkhout Ben

    2008-10-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Françoise Barré-Sinoussi and Luc Montagnier, codiscoverers of HIV, the causative agent of AIDS, have been awarded the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. They share this prize with Harald zur Hausen who was responsible for establishing the link between human papilloma virus infection and cervical carcinoma.

  2. Author Details

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Buijtendijk, Harald. Vol 6, No 1 (2016) - Articles Hotel industry expansion and sustainable development: A case study of Inle Lake, Myanmar Abstract PDF. ISSN: 2224-3534. AJOL African Journals Online. HOW TO USE AJOL... for Researchers · for Librarians · for Authors · FAQ's · More about AJOL · AJOL's Partners · Terms ...

  3. Inglismaal jagati taas D&AD auhindu

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2008-01-01

    Keskkonnakujunduse kategoorias tõsteti 2007. a. esile: Heathrow Terminal 5 klubi (arhitektid Chris Bagot, Oliver Salway, disainerid Joe Ferry, Emma Lally, Monique van der Hurk, Hillary Clark jt.), Lohringi metroojaam Bohumis (Rübsamen & Partner, kunstnikud Eva-Maria Joeressen, Klaus Kessner), kauplus Freitag Zürichis (arhitektid Harald Echsle, Annette Spillmann, disainerid Daniel ja Markus Freitag)

  4. Anthropology and social theory: renewing dialogue via the classics

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Thomassen, Bjørn

    2011-01-01

    Agnes Horvath, Bjørn Thomassen, & Dr Harald Wydra, editors of the Journal,International Political Anthropology “Anthropology and social theory: renewing dialogue via the classics” This paper argues that anthropology may represent a perspective from where social theory can renew itself. The presen......Agnes Horvath, Bjørn Thomassen, & Dr Harald Wydra, editors of the Journal,International Political Anthropology “Anthropology and social theory: renewing dialogue via the classics” This paper argues that anthropology may represent a perspective from where social theory can renew itself...... simply representing a view from "below", a politically correct appreciation of cultural diversity, or a taste for the exotic and marginal. It involves, we argue, attention towards key theoretical concepts developed within "classical" anthropology that uniquely facilitate a proper understanding...... in mechanical rationalisation on the one hand, and the mere stimulation of the senses on the other, guided by an exclusively materialistic and utilitarian vision of the human being and its social environment, it is possible to take inspiration from Antiquity in order to spark a renewal badly needed...

  5. A118

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. Kozlov

    2015-11-01

    It can be concluded that expression of protogenes, evolutionarily young and/or novel genes in tumors might be a new biological phenomenon, a phenomenon of carcino-evo-devo genes, predicted by the hypothesis of evolution by tumor neofunctionalization.

  6. Reduce, reuse, and recycle: developmental evolution of trait diversification.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Preston, Jill C; Hileman, Lena C; Cubas, Pilar

    2011-03-01

    A major focus of evolutionary developmental (evo-devo) studies is to determine the genetic basis of variation in organismal form and function, both of which are fundamental to biological diversification. Pioneering work on metazoan and flowering plant systems has revealed conserved sets of genes that underlie the bauplan of organisms derived from a common ancestor. However, the extent to which variation in the developmental genetic toolkit mirrors variation at the phenotypic level is an active area of research. Here we explore evidence from the angiosperm evo-devo literature supporting the frugal use of genes and genetic pathways in the evolution of developmental patterning. In particular, these examples highlight the importance of genetic pleiotropy in different developmental modules, thus reducing the number of genes required in growth and development, and the reuse of particular genes in the parallel evolution of ecologically important traits.

  7. A produção de reconhecimento num contexto popular: devoção e narrativa contemporâneas / The production of recognition in a popular context: contemporary devotion and narrative

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Régis de Toledo Souza

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Dentro da dinâmica de lutas de reconhecimento da cultura popular do vale do Paraíba paulista, identificamos sujeitos responsáveis pelo registro e pela transmissão oral das narrativas de grupos devocionais do catolicismo popular. Atualmente, para sistematizar o registro de suas narrativas, verificamos que alguns sujeitos populares apropriam-se das técnicas e tecnologias antes exclusivas dos profissionais (jornalistas e pesquisadores que geralmente não participam do cotidiano dos sujeitos populares. Constatamos que, ao realizarem esse movimento, esses sujeitos populares passaram a ocupar um espaço de coexistência de vários discursos que disputam os sentidos dessas práticas religiosas, criando uma circularidade dos significados que colocam um desafio para os próprios pesquisadores, pois os discursos e práticas dos pesquisadores tornam agora mais complexas as interpretações das devoções populares e de seus sujeitos. Nas novas narrativas dos especialistas “nativos" existe o uso de categorias assimiladas da lógica de domínios exógenos mais amplos que se fazem presentes em seus cotidianos. / Within the dynamic of struggles for recognition of popular culture in Paraiba Valley, state of São Paulo/Brazil, we identified individuals responsible for the register and oral transmission of narratives of devotional groups of popular Catholicism. Nowadays, to systematize the register of their narratives, we verified that some individuals of these groups appropriate techniques and technologies which were once exclusive to professionals (journalists and researchers that generally do not participate in the individual‟s everyday life. It was observed that, by making this movement, these popular Catholics started to occupy a space of coexistence of several discourses which fight for the meanings of these religious practices, creating a circularity of meanings that challenge the researchers, since their discourses and practices now make the

  8. Peterburi Jaani kirik = St. John's church in St. Petersburg, Russia / Juta Lember ; intervjueerinud Margit Mutso

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Lember, Juta, 1943-

    2012-01-01

    Lühidalt Dekabristide t. 54A asuva Peterburi Jaani kiriku ajaloost (arhitektid Karl Ziegler, Harald Julius von Bosse, 1860), kiriku uuest interjöörist. Kiriku sisearhitekt Juta Lember pälvis Eesti Kultuurkapitali 2011. aasta aastapreemia vaimselt ja arhitektuurselt nõudliku ruumitüübi meisterliku ja tänapäevase käsitluse eest

  9. Browse Author Index

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    B. Bamford, Jan Katherine · Baptista, Isabel · Bardelle, Carolina · Bastos, Sênia · Beard, Colin · Beqo, Ina · Blain, Matthew · Bolt, Ester Ellen Trees · Bosma, Robert · Bossema, Jan · Budhiastra, I. Made Mahendra · Buijtendijk, Harald 1 - 12 of 12 Items. ISSN: 2224-3534. AJOL African Journals Online. HOW TO USE AJOL.

  10. Island i skrivende danskeres drømme

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Skyum-Nielsen, Erik

    2015-01-01

    and travelogues, but also in a single short story as well as texts by prominent poets. As his first stop, he has chosen Harald Kidde's novel Helten (The Hero) from 1912 and as his last Lars Frost's novel Smukke biler efter krigen (Beautiful cars after the War, 2004), thus entering the 21st Century. The Danish...

  11. Brevibacterium oceanic sp. nov., isolated from deep-sea sediment of the Chagos Trench, Indian Ocean

    Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

    Bhadra, B.; Raghukumar, C.; Pindi, P.K.; Shivaji, S.

    ., Schuetze, B. & Augsten, K. (1997). Demetria terragena gen. nov., sp. nov., a new genus of actinobacteria isolated from compost soil. Int J Syst Bacteriol 47, 1129–1133. Heyrman, J., Verbeeren, J., Schumann, P., Devos, J., Swings, J. & De Vos, P. (2004...

  12. Variations on a theme: changes in the floral ABCs in angiosperms.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Rijpkema, A.S.; Vandenbussche, M.; Koes, R.E.; Heijmans, K.; Gerats, T.

    2010-01-01

    Angiosperms display a huge variety of floral forms. The development of the ABC-model for floral organ identity, almost 20 years ago, has created an excellent basis for comparative floral development (evo-devo) studies. These have resulted in an increasingly more detailed understanding of the

  13. Variations on a theme: changes in the floral ABCs in angiosperms.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Rijpkema, A.S.; Vandenbussche, M.; Koes, R.E.; Heijmans, K.; Gerats, T.

    2009-01-01

    Angiosperms display a huge variety of floral forms. The development of the ABC-model for floral organ identity, almost 20 years ago, has created an excellent basis for comparative floral development (evo-devo) studies. These have resulted in an increasingly more detailed understanding of the

  14. The evolution of developmental programs : a case study in the gastropod mollusc Patella vulgata

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Nederbragt, Alexander Johan

    2002-01-01

    At the interface between evolutionary biology and developmental biology is the so-called field of evolutionary developmental biology (‘evo-devo’ in short). This field asks how different adult animals (species) came into being by heritable changes during their embryonic development. One way to study

  15. Journal of Biosciences | Indian Academy of Sciences

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    2011-07-08

    Jul 8, 2011 ... Noggin, along with other secreted bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) inhibitors, plays a crucial role in neural induction and neural tube patterning as well as in ... Understanding its evolutionary origin and role in pattern formation is, therefore, important to evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo).

  16. [Evolutionary perspective in precocious puberty].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hochberg, Ze'ev

    2014-10-01

    Pubertal development is subject to substantial heritability, but much variation remains to be explained, including fast changes over the last 150 years, that cannot be explained by changes of gene frequency in the population. This article discusses the influence of environmental factors to adjust maturational tempo in the service of fitness goals. Utilizing evolutionary development thinking (evo-devo), the author examines adolescence as an evolutionary life-history stage in its developmental context. The transition from the preceding stage of juvenility entails adaptive plasticity in response to energy resources, social needs of adolescence and maturation toward youth and adulthood. Using Belsky's evolutionary theory of socialization, I show that familial psychosocial environment during the infancy-childhood and childhood-juvenility transitions foster a fast life-history and reproductive strategy rather than early maturation being just a risk factor for aggression and delinquency. The implications of the evo-devo framework for theory building, illuminates new directions in the understanding of precocious puberty other than a diagnosis of a disease.

  17. Festa de santo na cidade: notas sobre uma pesquisa etnográfica na periferia de Belém, Pará, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Antonio Maurício Dias da Costa

    Full Text Available O artigo faz alguns paralelos entre estudos que tratam da dimensão lúdica da religiosidade popular na Amazônia e os resultados de uma pesquisa etnográfica sobre uma festa de santo padroeiro em uma feira de bairro na Belém contemporânea. São observados elementos externos ao ritual religioso, como divulgação propagandística, trocas econômicas e usos políticos, que atuam como transformadores do sentido da devoção religiosa. Demonstra-se, com isso, a dinamicidade da reprodução da religiosidade popular, considerando a diversidade de manifestações festivas em diferentes realidades socioespaciais amazônicas. Devoção religiosa e 'razão prática' estão imbricadas no processo de modificação do evento pesquisado. Isto se revela pela complexidade das trocas sociais exercidas em uma festa de santo padroeiro na escala de uma grande cidade.

  18. Aggersborg

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Pedersen, Anne

    Aggersborg is the largest of the Danish circular fortresses of the Viking Age. Built by the king, Harald Bluetooth, in the second half of the tenth century, it was strategically placed on the shore of the Limfjord. Together with other Danish fortifications it was intended to play a major role in ...... on Denmark’s history at a time of major cultural and political challenges....

  19. Formaatidevaheline kunstisündmus

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2003-01-01

    1. XI Kanuti gildis üritusteseeria "1+1=1" hooaja avaüritus. Esinevad kuraatorid Hanno Soans ja Andres Lõo (võrguväljaande www.looming.org tutvustus), Ieva Auzina (Läti, Haralds Elcerise film "Matti Miliuse hull manifest" (1988) jm.), Suzanne van de Ven (Kassel). A. Lõo, Kiwa, Joanne Richardson (Rumeenia), Enrico Glerean (Itaalia) esinevad heliloenguga, Ene- Liis Semper, Mark Raidpere, Jaan Toomik videoportreedega

  20. Vikingeborgen i Limfjordslandet

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Sindbæk, Søren Michael

    2013-01-01

    . Arkæologien har vist, at borgene blev bygget omkring eller kort før år 980, mens Harald Blåtand var konge, og så godt som sikkert på hans befaling. Hverken før eller siden fik folk i vikingetidens Danmark noget lignende at se. Hvordan blev et byggeri som dette muligt? For nylig er det lykkedes at kaste nyt...

  1. Scientific visualization uncertainty, multifield, biomedical, and scalable visualization

    CERN Document Server

    Chen, Min; Johnson, Christopher; Kaufman, Arie; Hagen, Hans

    2014-01-01

    Based on the seminar that took place in Dagstuhl, Germany in June 2011, this contributed volume studies the four important topics within the scientific visualization field: uncertainty visualization, multifield visualization, biomedical visualization and scalable visualization. • Uncertainty visualization deals with uncertain data from simulations or sampled data, uncertainty due to the mathematical processes operating on the data, and uncertainty in the visual representation, • Multifield visualization addresses the need to depict multiple data at individual locations and the combination of multiple datasets, • Biomedical is a vast field with select subtopics addressed from scanning methodologies to structural applications to biological applications, • Scalability in scientific visualization is critical as data grows and computational devices range from hand-held mobile devices to exascale computational platforms. Scientific Visualization will be useful to practitioners of scientific visualization, ...

  2. based molecular characterization of popular wheat varieties of ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    ajl yemi

    2011-12-19

    Dec 19, 2011 ... (Talbert et al., 1994) and AFLP (Barrett and Kidwell,. 1998) have been used for the estimation of genetic diversity in wheat. The RAPD technique, regardless of its sensitivity to reaction conditions and problems with repeatability and amplifying of non-homologous sequen- ces (Devos and Gale, 1992), has ...

  3. Pärnu võitleb oma hõlmikpuuga / Reet Varblane

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Varblane, Reet, 1952-

    2000-01-01

    Pärnu linnavalitsuselt ei ole tulnud ehitusluba Uue Kunsti Muuseumi ehituse alustamiseks. Muuseumi näitusepoliitikast. Näitustest "Mees ja naine" ja "Õndsate kunst", tänavusi külalisesinejaid, pikemalt Joel Peter Witkinist ja tööst, mida ta tahab Pärnus teha. Stephan Hörhammeri maalinäitusest "Universumi silmad". Harald Keilandi kunstikogu valiknäitusest. Euroopa õndsate kunstnike näitus "Laevad" avatakse Mudaravilas

  4. Hypericin-bearing magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for selective drug delivery in photodynamic therapy

    OpenAIRE

    Unterweger, Harald; Subatzus, Daniel; Tietze, Rainer; Janko, Christina; Poettler, Marina; Stiegelschmitt, Alfons; Schuster, Matthias; Maake, Caroline; Boccaccini, Aldo R; Alexiou, Christoph

    2015-01-01

    Harald Unterweger,1 Daniel Subatzus,1 Rainer Tietze,1 Christina Janko,1 Marina Poettler,1 Alfons Stiegelschmitt,2 Matthias Schuster,3 Caroline Maake,4 Aldo R Boccaccini,5 Christoph Alexiou11ENT Department, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, University Hospital Erlangen; 2Institute of Glass and Ceramics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 3Materials for Electronics and Ene...

  5. Leadership requirements for Lean versus servant leadership in health care: a systematic review of the literature

    OpenAIRE

    Aij,Kjeld Harald; Rapsaniotis,Sofia

    2017-01-01

    Kjeld Harald Aij, Sofia Rapsaniotis VU University Medical Center, Division Acute Care and Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Abstract: As health care organizations face pressures to improve quality and efficiency while reducing costs, leaders are adopting management techniques and tools used in manufacturing and other industries, especially Lean. Successful Lean leaders appear to use a coaching leadership style that shares underlying principles with servant leadership. There is little inform...

  6. Analysis, Test and Verification in The Presence of Variability (Dagstuhl Seminar 13091)

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    2014-01-01

    -aware tool chains. We brought together 46 key researchers from three continents, working on quality assurance challenges that arise from introducing variability, and some who do not work with variability, but that are experts in their respective areas in the broader domain of software analysis or testing...

  7. Fulltext PDF

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Gilbert S. F. 2000 Diachronic biology meets evo-devo: C.H.. Waddington's approach to evolutionary developmental biology. Am. Zool. 40, 729–737. Gilbert S. F. 2006 Developmental biology, 8th edition. Sinauer, Sun- derland. Robert J. S., Hall B. K. and Olson W. M. 2001 Bridging the gap between developmental systems ...

  8. Privatising Educational Leadership through Technology in the Trumpian Era

    Science.gov (United States)

    Courtney, Steven J.

    2018-01-01

    This article focuses on the changes that the election of Donald Trump enables in education policy domestically and in education discourse internationally. I argue that Trump's own charismatic leadership style is a distraction from the privatisation that it is facilitating through Betsy DeVos, Trump's appointment as US Education Secretary. I draw…

  9. Oh oleksin ma rikas! : [luuletused] / Hans Christian Andersen ; tlk. Harald Rajamets

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Andersen, Hans Christian, 1805-1875

    2004-01-01

    Sisu: Oh oleksin ma rikas! ; Tädi prillid ; "Oh vägev surm, sa külvad tummalt õudu..." ; "Meil maa peal elu kurblik näib..." ; "Kõik kaob nagu tuul siin ära..." ; "Lund on veel maas ja vahel teeb tuisku..."

  10. Sirje ja Harald. Sült ja sõleke / Pille-Riin Purje

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Purje, Pille-Riin, 1963-

    2009-01-01

    Kahest Endla teatri lavastusest: Raimonds Paulsi muusikal põhinevast muusikalavastustusest "Raimonds", lavastaja Tiit Palu, esietendus 7. märtsil. Urmas Vadi pseudoajaloolisest põnevusloost "Ballettmeister", lavastaja Andres Noormets, esietendus 30. aprillil

  11. Developmental origins of health and disease

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    Gluckman, Peter D; Hanson, Mark A

    2006-01-01

    ... development and the onset of many chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, diabetes and osteoporosis also raises important public health issues. Another fascinating theme in the book concerns evolutionary developmental biology and how the 'evo-devo' debate can cast light on these concepts. Clinicians and basic scientists alike will find this an ...

  12. What serial homologs can tell us about the origin of insect wings [version 1; referees: 2 approved

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yoshinori Tomoyasu

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available Although the insect wing is a textbook example of morphological novelty, the origin of insect wings remains a mystery and is regarded as a chief conundrum in biology. Centuries of debates have culminated into two prominent hypotheses: the tergal origin hypothesis and the pleural origin hypothesis. However, between these two hypotheses, there is little consensus in regard to the origin tissue of the wing as well as the evolutionary route from the origin tissue to the functional flight device. Recent evolutionary developmental (evo-devo studies have shed new light on the origin of insect wings. A key concept in these studies is “serial homology”. In this review, we discuss how the wing serial homologs identified in recent evo-devo studies have provided a new angle through which this century-old conundrum can be explored. We also review what we have learned so far from wing serial homologs and discuss what we can do to go beyond simply identifying wing serial homologs and delve further into the developmental and genetic mechanisms that have facilitated the evolution of insect wings.

  13. Evolutionary Developmental Robotics: Improving Morphology and Control of Physical Robots.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vujovic, Vuk; Rosendo, Andre; Brodbeck, Luzius; Iida, Fumiya

    2017-01-01

    Evolutionary algorithms have previously been applied to the design of morphology and control of robots. The design space for such tasks can be very complex, which can prevent evolution from efficiently discovering fit solutions. In this article we introduce an evolutionary-developmental (evo-devo) experiment with real-world robots. It allows robots to grow their leg size to simulate ontogenetic morphological changes, and this is the first time that such an experiment has been performed in the physical world. To test diverse robot morphologies, robot legs of variable shapes were generated during the evolutionary process and autonomously built using additive fabrication. We present two cases with evo-devo experiments and one with evolution, and we hypothesize that the addition of a developmental stage can be used within robotics to improve performance. Moreover, our results show that a nonlinear system-environment interaction exists, which explains the nontrivial locomotion patterns observed. In the future, robots will be present in our daily lives, and this work introduces for the first time physical robots that evolve and grow while interacting with the environment.

  14. Drug and Alcohol Studies (Volume 5: Interventions)

    OpenAIRE

    MacGregor, S; Thom, B

    2014-01-01

    VOLUME FIVE: INTERVENTIONS Natural Recovery from Alcohol Problems Harald Klingemann School-Based Programmes to Prevent Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drug Use Gilbert Botvin and Kenneth Griffin Community Prevention of Alcohol Problems Harold Holder Can Screening and Brief Intervention Lead to Population-Level Reductions in Alcohol-Related Harm? Nick Heather Sharpening the Focus of Alcohol Policy from Aggregate Consumption to Harm and Risk Reduction Tim Stockwell et al A Review of the Efficacy and...

  15. Does Rhetoric Have a Place in Wohlrapp’s Theory of Argument?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Katharina Stevens

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available When a new theory of argumentation becomes available on the English-speaking market, such as it is happening now through the translation of Harald Wohlrapp’s The Concept of Argument, it is always interesting to work out how the new input will interact with the work that has otherwise been done in the field. (Wohlrapp, 2014 This comment aims to determine whether rhetoric has a place in Wohlrapp’s account of argumentation.

  16. Valik arvamusi läbi aastate / Ain-Elmar Kaasik

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kaasik, Ain-Elmar, 1934-

    2008-01-01

    Valik Eesti Teaduste Akadeemia Aastaraamatus rubriigis "Arvamusi akadeemikutelt" ilmunud kirjutisi, kus vabas vormis käsitletakse mitmesuguseid aktuaalseid küsimusi, eelkõige hariduse, teadustöö ning ühiskonna suhteid. Kokku on rubriigis avaldatud ligi kaks ja poolsada kirjutist. Siinse valiku autoriteks akadeemikud Raimund Hagelberg, Mart Saarma, Boris Tamm, Ene Ergma, Arvo Krikmann, Agu Laisk, Hans-Voldemar Trass, Harald Keres, Anto Raukas, Rein Küttner, Enn Tõugu, Raimund-Johannes Ubar, Ain-Elmar Kaasik

  17. Evo-devo of infantile and childhood growth.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hochberg, Ze'ev; Albertsson-Wikland, Kerstin

    2008-07-01

    Human size is a tradeoff between the evolutionary advantages and disadvantages of being small or big. We now propose that adult size is determined to an important extent during transition from infancy to childhood. This transition is marked by a growth spurt. A delay in the transition has a lifelong impact on stature and is responsible for 44% of children with short stature in developed countries and many more in developing countries. Here, we present the data and theory of an evolutionary adaptive strategy of plasticity in the timing of transition from infancy into childhood to match the prevailing energy supply. We propose that humans have evolved to withstand energy crises by decreasing their body size, and that evolutionary short-term adaptations to energy crises trigger a predictive adaptive response that modify the transition into childhood, culminating in short stature.

  18. Providing Transparency to the Title IX Process

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hartle, Terry

    2017-01-01

    When U.S. Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos announced Sept. 7, 2017, that her department would revisit how Title IX rules are enforced with respect to campus sexual assault, she said the first step would be a "transparent notice and comment process" to replace the 2011 "guidance" (and follow up 2014 guidance) that has been…

  19. Colloquium: Quantum Networks with Trapped Ions

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-28

    observed be- tween two ions held in the same trap Eichmann et al., 1993; DeVoe and Brewer, 1996. Type-II links have the advantage of being less sensitive...Childress, E. Jiang, J. Togan, J. Maze, F. Jelezko, A. S. Zibrov, P. R. Hemmer, and M. D. Lukin, 2007, Science 316, 1312. Eichmann , U., J. C. Bergquist

  20. Preemiad said Rein Raud, fs, Mart Kivastik

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2005-01-01

    Eesti Kultuurkapitali 2004. aasta kirjanduse aastapreemia laureaadid on: Rein Raud ("Hector ja Bernard"), fs (luulekogu "2004"), Mart Kivastik (näidend "Külmetava kunstniku portree"), Jaan Rannap ("Nelja nimega koer"), Toomas Haug ("Troojamäe tõotus"), Harald Rajamets (tõlkeluule kogumik "Pegasos ja peegel"), Antoine Chalvin ("Kalevipoja" tõlge prantsuse keelde"), Ilmar Talve ("Eesti kultuurilugu"), Lauri Sommer (artikkel Uku Masingu käsikirja "Saadik Magellani pilvest" vaimne, ajalis-ruumiline ja elulooline taust), Boris Tuch ("Gorjatshaja desjatka estonskihh pisatelei")

  1. Systematic Analysis of the Functional Relevance of Nuclear Structure and Mechanics in Breast Cancer Progression

    Science.gov (United States)

    2014-07-01

    accepted 12 June 2014) Associate Editor David Schaffer oversaw the review of this article. Abstract—Cell motility plays a critical role in many...Adam SA, Shumaker DK, Kinjo M, Cremer T, Goldman RD (2008) The A- and B-type nuclear lamin networks: micro- domains involved in chromatin organization...Irwin A. Eydelnant¶, Don E. Olins, Ada L. Olins, Harald Herrmann**, David A. Weitz¶, and Jan Lammerding§‡‡ From the ‡Department of Integrative Biology

  2. The fundamental constants a mystery of physics

    CERN Document Server

    Fritzsch, Harald

    2009-01-01

    The speed of light, the fine structure constant, and Newton's constant of gravity — these are just three among the many physical constants that define our picture of the world. Where do they come from? Are they constant in time and across space? In this book, physicist and author Harald Fritzsch invites the reader to explore the mystery of the fundamental constants of physics in the company of Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein, and a modern-day physicist

  3. Löögiüksuse "Admiral Pitka" formeerimine ja tegevus / Toomas Hiio

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Hiio, Toomas, 1965-

    2008-01-01

    Johan Pitka tegevusest 1940-1944. Tema lähematest kaastöölistest Paul Laamannist ja Evald Karotoomest. Löögiüksuse formeerimisest Saksa ametkondade asjaajamises ning Evald Karotoomi ja Paul Laamanni tunnistuste järgi. Kes kuulusid Pitka löögirühma. Saadik Aleksander Warma suhtumisest Pitka löögiüksuse moodustamisse. Vastuolust Soomes viibinud mõõdukate eestlaste ja Harald Vellneri ning Karl Talpaku vahel. Löögirühma tegevusest Tallinnas sakslaste taandumise ajal.

  4. Quantum field theory. How it is described, what holds the world together in the innermost; Quantenfeldtheorie. Wie man beschreibt, was die Welt im Innersten zusammenhaelt

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Fritzsch, Harald [Muenchen Univ. (Germany). Physik Dept.

    2015-07-01

    Do we already know the ''theory for all'' or are we still far away from it? Does at highest energies really a ''Grand Unification'' of all fundamental forces exist? And which role do play the string theory and the Higgs boson? Harald Fritzsch takes the reader along with a mathematical journey through the world of quantum field theory and presents so a large survey about the most actual status of modern theoretical physics.

  5. Tänades soomlasi ja Hando Runneli naist / Vaapo Vaher

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Vaher, Vaapo, 1945-

    2011-01-01

    Tutvustus: Harjula, Mirko. Eesti 1914-1922 / tõlkinud Kadri Jaanits ja Paul Kokla. Tallinn : Tänapäev, 2011 ; Tuomioja, Erkki. Jaan Tõnisson ja Eesti iseseisvus / tõlkinud Kadri Jaanits ja Katrin Kurmiste. Tallinn : Varrak, 2011 ; Márai, Sándor. Ühe kodanlase pihtimused / tõlkinud Edvin Hiedel. Tallinn : Varrak, 2010 ; Pesti, Arvo; Pesti, Olavi. Kirjad vennale. Tartu : Ilmamaa, 2011 ; Roots, Harald. Kui võitluseta murdus mõõk. Tartu : Ilmamaa, 2010 ; Runnel, Hando. Ütles mu naine. Tartu : Ilmamaa, 2010

  6. President tunnustab Pärnumaad kümne riikliku autasuga / Eno-Gerrit Link

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Link, Eno-Gerrit

    2007-01-01

    Pärnumaalt saavad iseseisvuspäeva puhul riikliku autasu kümme inimest. Vt. samas: Ester Vilgats. Ivar Kaldasaunal on alati kollektiiviga vedanud; Vello Lahtvee kolmkümmend aastat kohtunikuna. Teenetemärgi pälvinute seas on Lääne-Eesti päästekeskuse direktor Ivar Kaldasaun ja Pärnu maakohtu kohtunik Vello Lahtvee. Vt. ka juhtkiri lk. 15: Vilgats, Kalev. Ebaõigluse visa vastupanu. Rüütliristi kavaler Harald Nugiseks jäi taas teenetemärgist ilma

  7. Runer bag ruder

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    2015-01-01

    efterhånden ses på dem. Vejr og vind har gennem tiderne sat deres præg på de enestående mindesmærker. Og de mange turister, der hvert år besøger monumentområder, kommer også helt tæt på mindesmærkerne. Så tæt at Haralds sten udsættes for et alvorligt graffitihærværk i 2011. Se med i filmen ”Runer bag ruder...

  8. Perspectives on MADS-box expression during orchid flower evolution and development.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mondragón-Palomino, Mariana

    2013-01-01

    The diverse morphology of orchid flowers and their complex, often deceptive strategies to become pollinated have fascinated researchers for a long time. However, it was not until the 20th century that the ontogeny of orchid flowers, the genetic basis of their morphology and the complex phylogeny of Orchidaceae were investigated. In parallel, the improvement of techniques for in vitro seed germination and tissue culture, together with studies on biochemistry, physiology, and cytology supported the progress of what is now a highly productive industry of orchid breeding and propagation. In the present century both basic research in orchid flower evo-devo and the interest for generating novel horticultural varieties have driven the characterization of many members of the MADS-box family encoding key regulators of flower development. This perspective summarizes the picture emerging from these studies and discusses the advantages and limitations of the comparative strategy employed so far. I address the growing role of natural and horticultural mutants in these studies and the emergence of several model species in orchid evo-devo and genomics. In this context, I make a plea for an increasingly integrative approach.

  9. Perspectives on MADS-box expression during orchid flower evolution and development

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mariana eMondragón Palomino

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available The diverse morphology of orchid flowers and their complex, often deceptive strategies to become pollinated have fascinated researchers for a long time. However, it was not until the 20th century that the ontogeny of orchid flowers, the genetic basis of their morphology and the complex phylogeny of Orchidaceae were investigated. In parallel, the improvement of techniques for in vitro seed germination and tissue culture, together with studies on biochemistry, physiology and cytology supported the progress of what is now a highly productive industry of orchid breeding and propagation. In the present century both basic research in orchid flower evo-devo and the interest for generating novel horticultural varieties have driven the characterization of many members of the MADS-box family encoding key regulators of flower development. This perspective summarizes the picture emerging from these studies and discusses the advantages and limitations of the comparative strategy employed so far. I address the growing role of natural and horticultural mutants in these studies and the emergence of several model species in orchid evo-devo and genomics. In this context, I make a plea for an increasingly integrative approach.

  10. Fourth meeting entitled “Visualization and Processing of Tensors and Higher Order Descriptors for Multi-Valued Data”

    CERN Document Server

    Vilanova, Anna; Burgeth, Bernhard; Visualization and Processing of Tensors and Higher Order Descriptors for Multi-Valued Data

    2014-01-01

    Arising from the fourth Dagstuhl conference entitled Visualization and Processing of Tensors and Higher Order Descriptors for Multi-Valued Data (2011), this book offers a broad and vivid view of current work in this emerging field. Topics covered range from applications of the analysis of tensor fields to research on their mathematical and analytical properties. Part I, Tensor Data Visualization, surveys techniques for visualization of tensors and tensor fields in engineering, discusses the current state of the art and challenges, and examines tensor invariants and glyph design, including an overview of common glyphs. The second Part, Representation and Processing of Higher-order Descriptors, describes a matrix representation of local phase, outlines mathematical morphological operations techniques, extended for use in vector images, and generalizes erosion to the space of diffusion weighted MRI. Part III, Higher Order Tensors and Riemannian-Finsler Geometry, offers powerful mathematical language to model and...

  11. "Kus sa oled mu võluratsu..." : [luuletused] / Mõkola Vingranovski ; tlk. Harald Rajamets

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Vingranovski, Mõkola

    2004-01-01

    Sisu: "Kus sa oled mu võluratsu..." ; Ja rahvas on... ; "Oled rada, mu armsam..." ; "Sa oled siin! Mu armastus, mu lumm..." ; "Me ahvatluste aastad, albid aastad..." ; "Mul juba siis, kui oli kevad veel..." ; "Nüüd tõuse, kalur! Kustumas on tähed..." ; Meresügisel ; "Kauss hirsiputru, õilmelend..." ; "Õde võõpab aias õunapuid..." ; Esimene hälilaul ; "Noor tüdruk, alles laps. Ei kõnni kikivarvul..." ; "Ülal künka peal seisis päike..." ; "Jäid suve lõpul tuhmiks puud..." ; "Nüüd hakkab lumesadu, nüüd..." ; "Lumehämarus, hall nagu hall..." ; "Tüüpõllu aur on jäärakute kohal..." ; "Parv linde kriiskab salu kohal..." ; "Põld kuivi maisivarsi täis..." ; Haiavata

  12. Los asilados de las Embajadas de Europa Occidental en Chile tras el golpe militar y sus consecuencias diplomáticas: El caso de Suecia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando Camacho Padilla

    2006-10-01

    Full Text Available Abstract: The asylum seekers of the embassies of western Europe in Chile after the military coup and their  diplomatic consequences: The case of SwedenGiven te expectations that western governments  had in the reforms being implemented by the  Unidad Popular, the September 1973 coup d’état  in Chile caused a great international outcry. The  violence and repression that accompanied the  military coup produced a worldwide repudiation  of the military junta. Sweden stood out most consistently among the countries that declared  their opposition to Chile during the period of the  dictatorship by continuously denouncing the  violations to human rights. In this context, Sweden’s Ambassador to Chile, Harald Edelstam, played a very important role in saving the lives of  hundreds of Chilean citizens and foreign nationals  who sought refuge from the regime’s bloody  repression. Making use of the privileges he enjoyed as a diplomat, Edelstam confronted the  military authorities to release people wrongfully  sentenced to the death penalty. As a result, he was  declared persona non grata and forced to leave  Chile. This was the beginning of a long and controversial diplomatic relationship that lasted until  the return of democracy in Chile in 1990. This  article is a first attempt at understanding how  human rights violations affected bilateral relations  between Chile and Sweden with respect to the  diplomatic efforts of Ambassador Harald Edelstam. El golpe de Estado en Chile en septiembre de  1973 causó una gran conmoción internacional  debido a las esperanzas que tenían los gobiernos  occidentales en las reformas que estaba implementando la Unidad Popular. La violencia y represión que acompañaron al golpe militar redundaron en el repudio mundial de la Junta Militar.  Entre los países que se destacaron más firmemente en su oposición a Chile durante la dictadura se  encuentra Suecia, que denunció permanentemente

  13. Supporting Military Families with Young Children throughout the Deployment Lifecycle

    Science.gov (United States)

    2017-10-01

    Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS) Conference. Chicago, IL. 2. Kritikos*, T.K. & DeVoe, E.R. Relationship quality of recently deployed military...prevention and family orientation of the study . We continue to have impact on multiple disciplinary areas, including social work, psychology , and public...resilience in Active Duty military families through all phases of the deployment cycle. The study will be conducted in three phases. In phase 1

  14. Jaani kirik Peterburis = St. John's Church in St. Petersburg / Triin Ojari

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ojari, Triin, 1974-

    2011-01-01

    1860. a. Peterburis avatud Jaani kirikust (arhitekt Harald Julius von Bosse) ja neoromaani stiilis kirikuhoone taastamisest. Maja taastati väliselt oma ajaloolisel kujul, kuid interjöör loodi kaasaegseid vajadusi arvestades. Sisearhitekt Juta Lember, tema selgitused. Tellija: Eesti Kontsert. Projekteerijad: НИИ Спецпроектреставрация, E. J. Merkurjevi Arhitektuuribüroo. Eestis valmistati eritellimusel mööbel,saali valgustid, kirikuinventar. Projekt: 2005-2010, valmis: 2011

  15. The classic. Review article: Traffic accidents. 1966.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tscherne, H

    2013-09-01

    This Classic Article is a translation of the original work by Prof. Harald Tscherne, Der Straßenunfall [Traffic Accidents]. An accompanying biographical sketch of Prof. Tscherne is available at DOI 10.1007/s11999-013-3011-x . An online version of the original German article is available as supplemental material. The Classic Article is reproduced with permission from Brüder Hollinek & Co. GesmbH, Purkersdorf, Austria. The original article was published in Wien Med Wochenschr. 1966;116:105-108. (Translated by Dr. Roman Pfeifer.).

  16. Tunicates push the limits of animal evo-devo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ferrier David EK

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Abstract The phylum to which humans belong, Chordata, takes its name from one of the major shared derived features of the group, the notochord. All chordates have a notochord, at least during embryogenesis, and there is little doubt about notochord homology at the morphological level. A study in BMC Evolutionary Biology now shows that there is greater variability in the molecular genetics underlying notochord development than previously appreciated. See research article: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/11/21

  17. JPRS Report, Science & Technology, Europe

    Science.gov (United States)

    1992-02-06

    episodic basis. We must become self-sufficient, if we want to be partners. If children are interested in pursuing scientific and technical studies, it...Devos, director of the Forest Development Institute. Research to model hedges is also intensifying. Another field of application is horticulture . In...34 i.e. the receptor, the more effective the medication is and the more specific the therapy can be, thus in turn reducing undesirable side effects

  18. Head segmentation in vertebrates

    OpenAIRE

    Kuratani, Shigeru; Schilling, Thomas

    2008-01-01

    Classic theories of vertebrate head segmentation clearly exemplify the idealistic nature of comparative embryology prior to the 20th century. Comparative embryology aimed at recognizing the basic, primary structure that is shared by all vertebrates, either as an archetype or an ancestral developmental pattern. Modern evolutionary developmental (Evo-Devo) studies are also based on comparison, and therefore have a tendency to reduce complex embryonic anatomy into overly simplified patterns. Her...

  19. Dependence logic theory and applications

    CERN Document Server

    Kontinen, Juha; Väänänen, Jouko; Vollmer, Heribert

    2016-01-01

    In this volume, different aspects of logics for dependence and independence are discussed, including both the logical and computational aspects of dependence logic, and also applications in a number of areas, such as statistics, social choice theory, databases, and computer security. The contributing authors represent leading experts in this relatively new field, each of whom was invited to write a chapter based on talks given at seminars held at the Schloss Dagstuhl Leibniz Center for Informatics in Wadern, Germany (in February 2013 and June 2015) and an Academy Colloquium at the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (March 2014). Altogether, these chapters provide the most up-to-date look at this developing and highly interdisciplinary field and will be of interest to a broad group of logicians, mathematicians, statisticians, philosophers, and scientists. Topics covered include a comprehensive survey of many propositional, modal, and first-order variants of dependence logic; new results concerning ...

  20. Cryptography and computational number theory

    CERN Document Server

    Shparlinski, Igor; Wang, Huaxiong; Xing, Chaoping; Workshop on Cryptography and Computational Number Theory, CCNT'99

    2001-01-01

    This volume contains the refereed proceedings of the Workshop on Cryptography and Computational Number Theory, CCNT'99, which has been held in Singapore during the week of November 22-26, 1999. The workshop was organized by the Centre for Systems Security of the Na­ tional University of Singapore. We gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Singapore National Science and Technology Board under the grant num­ ber RP960668/M. The idea for this workshop grew out of the recognition of the recent, rapid development in various areas of cryptography and computational number the­ ory. The event followed the concept of the research programs at such well-known research institutions as the Newton Institute (UK), Oberwolfach and Dagstuhl (Germany), and Luminy (France). Accordingly, there were only invited lectures at the workshop with plenty of time for informal discussions. It was hoped and successfully achieved that the meeting would encourage and stimulate further research in information and computer s...

  1. Evolution and development: some insights from evolutionary theory

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    DAVID JEAN R.

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available Developmental biology and evolutionary biology are both mature integrative disciplines which started in the 19th century and then followed parallel and independent scientific pathways. Recently, a genetical component has stepped into both disciplines (developmental genetics and evolutionary genetics pointing out the need for future convergent maturation. Indeed, the Evo-Devo approach is becoming popular among developmental biologists, based on the facts that distant groups share a common ancestry, that precise phylogenies can be worked out and that homologous genes often play similar roles during the development of very different organisms. In this essay, I try to show that the real future of Evo-Devo thinking is still broader. The evolutionary theory is a set of diverse concepts which can and should be used in any biological field. Evolutionary thinking trains to ask « why » questions and to provide logical and plausible answers. It can shed some light on a diversity of general problems such as how to distinguish homologies from analogies, the costs and benefits of multicellularity, the origin of novel structures (e.g. the head, or the evolution of sexual reproduction. In the next decade, we may expect a progressive convergence between developmental genetics and quantitative genetics.

  2. The Comet Cometh: Evolving Developmental Systems.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jaeger, Johannes; Laubichler, Manfred; Callebaut, Werner

    In a recent opinion piece, Denis Duboule has claimed that the increasing shift towards systems biology is driving evolutionary and developmental biology apart, and that a true reunification of these two disciplines within the framework of evolutionary developmental biology (EvoDevo) may easily take another 100 years. He identifies methodological, epistemological, and social differences as causes for this supposed separation. Our article provides a contrasting view. We argue that Duboule's prediction is based on a one-sided understanding of systems biology as a science that is only interested in functional, not evolutionary, aspects of biological processes. Instead, we propose a research program for an evolutionary systems biology, which is based on local exploration of the configuration space in evolving developmental systems. We call this approach-which is based on reverse engineering, simulation, and mathematical analysis-the natural history of configuration space. We discuss a number of illustrative examples that demonstrate the past success of local exploration, as opposed to global mapping, in different biological contexts. We argue that this pragmatic mode of inquiry can be extended and applied to the mathematical analysis of the developmental repertoire and evolutionary potential of evolving developmental mechanisms and that evolutionary systems biology so conceived provides a pragmatic epistemological framework for the EvoDevo synthesis.

  3. The dawn of chelonian research

    OpenAIRE

    MacCord, Kate; Caniglia, Guido; Moustakas-Verho, Jacqueline; Burke, Ann

    2015-01-01

    Many evo-devo studies of the turtle's shell draw hypotheses and support from historical sources. The groundbreaking works of Cuvier, Geoffroy St. Hilaire, Carus, Rathke, Owen, and others are being revived in modern research, and their centuries-old understanding of the turtle's shell reconsidered. In the works of these eminent biologists of the 19th century, comparative anatomy and embryology of turtle morphology set the stage for future studies in developmental biology, histology, and paleon...

  4. Kindral : terror pole ainuke oht, milleks valmis olla / Harald Kujat ; interv. Priit Simson

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kujat, Harald

    2004-01-01

    NATO Sõjalise Komitee esimehe hinnangul on Eesti järginud liikmelisuse tegevusplaani, kulutused ja toetus missioonidele on Eesti puhul üle NATO keskmise. Praegust Balti õhuturbe korraldust peab komitee esimees heaks. Lisa: NATO Sõjaline Komitee

  5. Skull Development, Ossification Pattern, and Adult Shape in the Emerging Lizard Model Organism Pogona vitticeps: A Comparative Analysis With Other Squamates

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joni Ollonen

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available The rise of the Evo-Devo field and the development of multidisciplinary research tools at various levels of biological organization have led to a growing interest in researching for new non-model organisms. Squamates (lizards and snakes are particularly important for understanding fundamental questions about the evolution of vertebrates because of their high diversity and evolutionary innovations and adaptations that portrait a striking body plan change that reached its extreme in snakes. Yet, little is known about the intricate connection between phenotype and genotype in squamates, partly due to limited developmental knowledge and incomplete characterization of embryonic development. Surprisingly, squamate models have received limited attention in comparative developmental studies, and only a few species examined so far can be considered as representative and appropriate model organism for mechanistic Evo-Devo studies. Fortunately, the agamid lizard Pogona vitticeps (central bearded dragon is one of the most popular, domesticated reptile species with both a well-established history in captivity and key advantages for research, thus forming an ideal laboratory model system and justifying his recent use in reptile biology research. We first report here the complete post-oviposition embryonic development for P. vitticeps based on standardized staging systems and external morphological characters previously defined for squamates. Whereas the overall morphological development follows the general trends observed in other squamates, our comparisons indicate major differences in the developmental sequence of several tissues, including early craniofacial characters. Detailed analysis of both embryonic skull development and adult skull shape, using a comparative approach integrating CT-scans and gene expression studies in P. vitticeps as well as comparative embryology and 3D geometric morphometrics in a large dataset of lizards and snakes, highlights

  6. Možnosti a meze využití zámku Lobkovice

    OpenAIRE

    Velátová, Barbora

    2014-01-01

    The thesis analyzes the current status of the castle Lobkovice in tourism. The theoretical part contains the introduction to the tourism and cultural tourism. Subsequently, the work focuses on tourist area Mělnicko and castle Lobkovice. It provides a detailed analysis of the castle, including its development, current status and the offer. Thesis seeks an objective assessment of the situation of the castle, its pros and cons. The work also includes a SWOT analysis. The fundamental part is devo...

  7. Video of Christian Skau and Martin Raussen's interview with the Abel Prize Winner John Milnor

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Skau, Christian

    2011-01-01

    The television interview with Abel Laureate John Milnor that was broadcasted on Norwegian television in June is now available on the Abel Prize multimedia page. John Milnor received the Abel Prize «for pioneering discoveries in topology, geometry and algebra» to quote the Abel Committee. King...... Harald presented the Abel Prize to John Milnor at the award ceremony in Oslo, Norway on 24 May. Before the interview there is a short presentation of the award ceremony. John Milnor is interviewed by Martin Raussen and Christian Skau. The Abel Prize that carries a cash award of NOK 6 million (about EUR...

  8. Morphology and behaviour: functional links in development and evolution

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bertossa, Rinaldo C.

    2011-01-01

    Development and evolution of animal behaviour and morphology are frequently addressed independently, as reflected in the dichotomy of disciplines dedicated to their study distinguishing object of study (morphology versus behaviour) and perspective (ultimate versus proximate). Although traits are known to develop and evolve semi-independently, they are matched together in development and evolution to produce a unique functional phenotype. Here I highlight similarities shared by both traits, such as the decisive role played by the environment for their ontogeny. Considering the widespread developmental and functional entanglement between both traits, many cases of adaptive evolution are better understood when proximate and ultimate explanations are integrated. A field integrating these perspectives is evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo), which studies the developmental basis of phenotypic diversity. Ultimate aspects in evo-devo studies—which have mostly focused on morphological traits—could become more apparent when behaviour, ‘the integrator of form and function’, is integrated into the same framework of analysis. Integrating a trait such as behaviour at a different level in the biological hierarchy will help to better understand not only how behavioural diversity is produced, but also how levels are connected to produce functional phenotypes and how these evolve. A possible framework to accommodate and compare form and function at different levels of the biological hierarchy is outlined. At the end, some methodological issues are discussed. PMID:21690124

  9. A comparative gene expression database for invertebrates

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ormestad Mattias

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background As whole genome and transcriptome sequencing gets cheaper and faster, a great number of 'exotic' animal models are emerging, rapidly adding valuable data to the ever-expanding Evo-Devo field. All these new organisms serve as a fantastic resource for the research community, but the sheer amount of data, some published, some not, makes detailed comparison of gene expression patterns very difficult to summarize - a problem sometimes even noticeable within a single lab. The need to merge existing data with new information in an organized manner that is publicly available to the research community is now more necessary than ever. Description In order to offer a homogenous way of storing and handling gene expression patterns from a variety of organisms, we have developed the first web-based comparative gene expression database for invertebrates that allows species-specific as well as cross-species gene expression comparisons. The database can be queried by gene name, developmental stage and/or expression domains. Conclusions This database provides a unique tool for the Evo-Devo research community that allows the retrieval, analysis and comparison of gene expression patterns within or among species. In addition, this database enables a quick identification of putative syn-expression groups that can be used to initiate, among other things, gene regulatory network (GRN projects.

  10. Spectral emissivity of tungsten: analytic expressions for the 340-nm to 2.6-μm spectral region

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pon, R.M.; Hessler, J.P.

    1984-01-01

    To correct emission spectra a standard radiance source is often used to determine the spectral responsivity of the detection system. In the near-UV, visible, and near-IR spectral regions the most common radiance standard is a tungsten strip lamp calibrated by a standards laboratory. For day-to-day experiments where slightly less accuracy is acceptable, a less expensive uncalibrated lamp is useful. In this case, the radiant temperature T/sub r/ of the lamp is measured with an optical pyrometer, generally at a single wavelength such as 650 nm, and the source spectral radiance L(λ) is calculated from L(λ) = tau(λ)epsilon(λ,T)L/sub B/(λ,T). The transmittance of the source is tau(λ), the spectral emissivity is epsilon(λ,T), and L/sub B/(λ,T) is the spectral distribution of blackbody radiation, Planck's radiation law. To obtain the true temperature T, Wien's approximation is employed. To conveniently calibrate a system, especially one which utilizes a microcomputer, it is advantageous to have analytic expressions for the spectral emissivity of tungsten. Although Larrabee has published such expressions, they are limited to the 450-800-nm spectral region. To obtain analytic expressions from 340 nm to 2.6 μm they have used the measurements of DeVos. Although DeVos's results differ by 2% from those of Larrabee, this difference is assumed to be acceptable

  11. Looking beyond the genes: the interplay between signaling pathways and mechanics in the shaping and diversification of epithelial tissues

    OpenAIRE

    Urdy, Severine; Goudemand, Nicolas; Pantalacci, Sophie

    2016-01-01

    The core of Evo-Devo lies in the intuition that the way tissues grow during embryonic development, the way they sustain their structure and function throughout lifetime, and the way they evolve are closely linked. Epithelial tissues are ubiquitous in metazoans, covering the gut and internal branched organs, as well as the skin and its derivatives (ie, teeth). Here, we discuss in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies on epithelial tissues to illustrate the conserved, dynamical, and complex asp...

  12. Iga 20 km järel erateater / Harald Redmer, Frank Heuel ; interv. Mari Kolle

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Redmer, Harald

    2002-01-01

    18.-21. veebr. viibisid Eestis külalised saksa erateatritest - näitleja ja produtsent H. Redmer teatrist phoenix 5 Münsterist ja teatri fringe-ensemble lavastaja ning kunstiline juht F. Heuel Bonnist

  13. "Sügis on salali maa peale laskumas..." : [luuletused] / Maksõm Rõlski ; tlk. Harald Rajamets

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Rõlski, Maksõm

    2004-01-01

    Sisu: "Sügis on salali maa peale laskumas..." ; "Küpsenud on õunad, punetavad õunad..." ; "Möödas on kõu, mähib maad magus raugus ja hõngab..." ; "Siin kõrgel on vaid kivi, karm ja vaik..." ; "Ühtäkki kardin õõtsus aknasuul..." ; "Lõksatas lukku mu uks. Taas töötama toa rahus üksi..." ; "Haab väriseb, ning tüve hõbedase..." ; "Erootika on väsitanud mind..." ; Kolm meest paadis (rääkimata koerast) ; "Ürglaanes, kus on üksnes loomarajad..." ; "Tuul peksab külmi aknaid jäisel uhal..." ; "Näe, hirmuähmis pageb lambakari..." ; Ausammas ; Haned ; "Kord katab laotust pilv ja paiskab piisku alla..." ; Sadamasillal ; "Oo vaikne sadam sa, mu töölaud, reisi eel ..." ; Chopin ; "Kevad suitsedes on teel ..." ; "Laht tukub, päikses roheliselt särav..." ; "Öösse nagu kaevuvette..." ; "Jõeluhalt kõlas vileviis..." ; Lumikelluke torkas salus..." ; "Ja meenus (aknasse lõi kerge tuul ja lõhnav pimedus) üks pilt, nii kauge..." ; "Glütsiiniatel tung on ikka kõrgemale..." ; Tasa ; Sügisele ; Äike ; Öökülm ; Sonett ; "Ikka tuleb habras õhtu meelde..." ; Flamingod ; Notre Dame ; Aadria meri ; "Mets on hõbesulgses suitsuvines..." ; Kuis ma ei armastaks... ; Luulekunst ; "Käod lahkumist kukkusid kaugel..." ; "Kui mõnus elada on sel..." ; Kiir ; "Ju kustus õhtu punav lee..."

  14. Documentation to the workshop 'Cluster in the environmental protection economy'; Dokumentation zum Workshop ''Cluster in der Umweltschutzwirtschaft''

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2009-12-11

    Within the workshop 'Cluster in the environmental protection economy' at the Umweltbundesamt (Dessau-Rosslau, Federal Republic of Germany) at 27th November, 2008, the following lectures were held: (a) Which contribution can cluster and cluster politics contribute to the promotion of the environmental protection economy? (Harald Legler); (b) Cluster in the environmental protection economy: Targets and expectations (Dieter Rehfeld); (c) Demands at the management of clusters (Karin Hoerhan); (d) Demands at the cluster politics in the environmental protection economy (Bernhard Hausberg); (e) Photovoltaics in Eastern Germany (Johann Wackenbauer); (f) Automotive industry in Bergisches Land (Thomas Lemken); (g) Competence centre environment Augsburg-Schwaben (Egon Beckord).

  15. O Santo do Bispo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Beatriz Catão Cruz Santos

    Full Text Available O artigo propõe uma biografia de D. José Antonio de Guadalupe, bispo do Rio de Janeiro entre 1725 e 1740, a partir da análise de diversos documentos, sobretudo os seus escritos pastorais. Estes são considerados não só práticas religiosas, mas um gênero literário adequado a um conjunto de procedimentos e convenções previstos para sua leitura e recepção. Através da reconstrução da trajetória daquele agente, pretende-se destacar como sua ação e memória contribuem para a devoção de São Gonçalo de Amarante e conformação das práticas católicas no Rio de Janeiro e regiões circunvizinhas por diferentes grupos sociais. Objetiva-se, também, pôr em evidência a devoção e festa de São Gonçalo, discutindo a relação entre a hierarquia católica e os devotos pardos do santo, reunidos numa irmandade situada na Vila de São Sebastião, em São Paulo do século XIX. A análise do Compromisso da Irmandade de São Gonçalo aponta para as formas e modalidades da crença católica na sociedade colonial.

  16. De soldado de cristo a Promotor de direitos humanos: história, religião e cultura na Polícia Militar de Minas Gerais (1950–2004.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cicero Nunes Moreira

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available MOREIRA, Cícero. N. De soldado de cristo a Promotor de direitos humanos: história, religião e cultura na Polícia Militar de Minas Gerais (1950–2004. Dissertação (Mestrado 2013. 152f - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Religião, Belo Horizonte. Palavras-chaves: Polícia Militar. Identidade. Catolicismo. Devoções. Capelania Militar, Protestantismo. Evangélicos. Direitos Humanos.

  17. Capitolo IV. Socialismo utopico?

    OpenAIRE

    Gatto, Marco

    2016-01-01

    Io devo stare nell’isolamento. È assolutamente assurdo credere che uno come me possa tanto facilmente rinunciare a tutto ciò che è e scomparire tra la massa. La massa riconosce ben presto queste balordaggini e ti distrugge o cerca comunque di distruggerti. La massa espelle una persona come me che si è messa nelle sue mani al cento per cento, senza pietà, come un corpo estraneo. Il mio posto non è tra la massa, se do retta alla massa il mio posto è dentro di me, se do retta a me stesso. Visto ...

  18. Diligencia de estudantes de graduação de tempo integral e tempo parcial

    OpenAIRE

    Eliel Unglaub

    2003-01-01

    Resumo: Este estudo teve por objetivo descrever, discutir e analisar a manifestação de diligência dos estudantes de graduação de Tempo integral e Tempo parcial, em suas múltiplas dimensões, tais como: Disciplina, Conformidade e Responsabilidade, Motivação, Devoção e Espiritualidade e Concentração e Assimilação, em cursos pré-selecionados da UNICAMP. Procurou-se descobrir em que medida outros fatores, tais como: sexo, estado civil, idade, trabalho, turno e renda familiar estão relacionados à d...

  19. Towards understanding the impact of assimilating along-track SLA data on simulated eddy characteristics in the Agulhas System

    CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

    De Vos, M

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available understanding the impact of assimilating along-track SLA data on simulated eddy characteristics in the Agulhas System Marc de Vos1, 3, Björn Backeberg2, 3, 4 and François Counillon4 Marine Research Unit, South African Weather Service, South Africa1 Coastal... and 1 Tel: +27 21 935 5764; Email: marc.devos@weathersa.co.za dipoles reach the Agulhas Current frequently and on occasion propagate all the way to the retroflection, influencing its position and modulating ring shedding events there (Schouten et al...

  20. Arguments in the evo-devo debate: say it with flowers!

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Della Pina, S.; Souer, E.J.; Koes, R.E.

    2014-01-01

    A key question in evolutionary developmental biology is how DNA sequence changes have directed the evolution of morphological diversity. The widely accepted view was that morphological changes resulted from differences in number and/or type of transcription factors, or even from small changes in the

  1. The deep roots of evo–devo and the 'origins' question

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    out in brief, but with some attention to formative influences. From his first field ... that sex determination could be 'Mendelian' with one sex being homozygous and ... of the 'selective' mechanisms required for speciation and of. Samuel Butler on ...

  2. "Ma päikse joonistatud ringi keskel..." : [luuletused] / Borõss Oliinõk ; tlk. Harald Rajamets

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Oliinõk, Borõss

    2004-01-01

    Sisu: "Ma päikse joonistatud ringi keskel..." ; Kaja ; "Sina karju või kiru, kuid aastad ei hooli..." ; "Oo teie, kel silmis aval helk..." ; Ballaad tulest ja printsiipidest ; "Reeta võib püss ja võib kompass..." ; Ring ; "Tol imelisel ajal, kui mu püksid..." ; "Oli see... Kuid kas oli..." ; Muusika ; "Hei, mu tammed, uhkelt kõrguvad ja haljad..." ; "Mina oleksin sajandeid rahuga muld..." ; "Lask... Pagemisrutt... Ratsu sapsudel vaht..." ; Võlur ; Pihk

  3. Ein altes Problem: Partikeln in der Grammatik - ja, aber wie?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kärnä, Aino

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available This article deals with the concept 'particle', specifically with the German notion of 'Abtönungspartikel'. These pragmatic or modal particles were first discussed in contemporary German grammars by Harald Weydt. Although the concept itself is clear, it is difficult to include such a category in existing grammars, as is shown by the treatment of such inflexible words in different editions of the standard German grammar, Der Duden. It seems difficult to formulate a description of the word class 'particle' in such a way that it includes pragmatic particles as well as other kinds of particles, such as focus particles. This problem is not new, and I also discuss parallels from the history of linguistics.

  4. Knowledge and time

    CERN Document Server

    2017-01-01

    This is a unique volume by a unique scientist, which combines conceptual, formal, and engineering approaches in a way that is rarely seen. Its core is the relation between ways of learning and knowing on the one hand and different modes of time on the other. Partial Boolean logic and the associated notion of complementarity are used to express this relation, and mathematical tools of fundamental physics are used to formalize it. Along the way many central philosophical problems are touched and addressed, above all the mind-body problem. Completed only shortly before the death of the author, the text has been edited and annotated by the author's close collaborator Harald Atmanspacher.

  5. Petunia, your next supermodel?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michiel eVANDENBUSSCHE

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available Plant biology in general, and plant evo-devo in particular would strongly benefit from a broader range of available model systems. In recent years, technological advances have facilitated the analysis and comparison of individual gene functions in multiple species, representing now a fairly wide taxonomic range of the plant kingdom. Because genes are embedded in gene networks, studying evolution of gene function ultimately should be put in the context of studying the evolution of entire gene networks, since changes in the function of a single gene will normally go together with further changes in its network environment. For this reason, plant comparative biology/evo-devo will require the availabity of a defined set of ‘super’ models occupying key taxonomic positions, in which performing gene functional analysis and testing genetic interactions ideally is as straightforward as e.g. in Arabidopsis. Here we review why petunia has the potential to become one of these future supermodels, as a representative of the Asterid clade. We will first detail its intrinsic qualities as a model system. Next, we highlight how the revolution in sequencing technologies will now finally allow exploiting the petunia system to its full potential, despite that petunia has already a long history as a model in plant molecular biology and genetics. We conclude with a series of arguments in favor of a more diversified multi-model approach in plant biology, and we point out where the petunia model system may further play a role, based on its biological features and molecular toolkit.

  6. The place of development in mathematical evolutionary theory.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rice, Sean H

    2012-09-01

    Development plays a critical role in structuring the joint offspring-parent phenotype distribution. It thus must be part of any truly general evolutionary theory. Historically, the offspring-parent distribution has often been treated in such a way as to bury the contribution of development, by distilling from it a single term, either heritability or additive genetic variance, and then working only with this term. I discuss two reasons why this approach is no longer satisfactory. First, the regression of expected offspring phenotype on parent phenotype can easily be nonlinear, and this nonlinearity can have a pronounced impact on the response to selection. Second, even when the offspring-parent regression is linear, it is nearly always a function of the environment, and the precise way that heritability covaries with the environment can have a substantial effect on adaptive evolution. Understanding these complexities of the offspring-parent distribution will require understanding of the developmental processes underlying the traits of interest. I briefly discuss how we can incorporate such complexity into formal evolutionary theory, and why it is likely to be important even for traits that are not traditionally the focus of evo-devo research. Finally, I briefly discuss a topic that is widely seen as being squarely in the domain of evo-devo: novelty. I argue that the same conceptual and mathematical framework that allows us to incorporate developmental complexity into simple models of trait evolution also yields insight into the evolution of novel traits. Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company.

  7. Developmental Plasticity and Language: A Comparative Perspective.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Griebel, Ulrike; Pepperberg, Irene M; Oller, D Kimbrough

    2016-04-01

    The growing field of evo-devo is increasingly demonstrating the complexity of steps involved in genetic, intracellular regulatory, and extracellular environmental control of the development of phenotypes. A key result of such work is an account for the remarkable plasticity of organismal form in many species based on relatively minor changes in regulation of highly conserved genes and genetic processes. Accounting for behavioral plasticity is of similar potential interest but has received far less attention. Of particular interest is plasticity in communication systems, where human language represents an ultimate target for research. The present paper considers plasticity of language capabilities in a comparative framework, focusing attention on examples of a remarkable fact: Whereas there exist design features of mature human language that have never been observed to occur in non-humans in the wild, many of these features can be developed to notable extents when non-humans are enculturated through human training (especially with intensive social interaction). These examples of enculturated developmental plasticity across extremely diverse taxa suggest, consistent with the evo-devo theme of highly conserved processes in evolution, that human language is founded in part on cognitive capabilities that are indeed ancient and that even modern humans show self-organized emergence of many language capabilities in the context of rich enculturation, built on the special social/ecological history of the hominin line. Human culture can thus be seen as a regulatory system encouraging language development in the context of a cognitive background with many highly conserved features. Copyright © 2016 Cognitive Science Society, Inc.

  8. Petunia, Your Next Supermodel?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vandenbussche, Michiel; Chambrier, Pierre; Rodrigues Bento, Suzanne; Morel, Patrice

    2016-01-01

    Plant biology in general, and plant evo–devo in particular would strongly benefit from a broader range of available model systems. In recent years, technological advances have facilitated the analysis and comparison of individual gene functions in multiple species, representing now a fairly wide taxonomic range of the plant kingdom. Because genes are embedded in gene networks, studying evolution of gene function ultimately should be put in the context of studying the evolution of entire gene networks, since changes in the function of a single gene will normally go together with further changes in its network environment. For this reason, plant comparative biology/evo–devo will require the availability of a defined set of ‘super’ models occupying key taxonomic positions, in which performing gene functional analysis and testing genetic interactions ideally is as straightforward as, e.g., in Arabidopsis. Here we review why petunia has the potential to become one of these future supermodels, as a representative of the Asterid clade. We will first detail its intrinsic qualities as a model system. Next, we highlight how the revolution in sequencing technologies will now finally allows exploitation of the petunia system to its full potential, despite that petunia has already a long history as a model in plant molecular biology and genetics. We conclude with a series of arguments in favor of a more diversified multi-model approach in plant biology, and we point out where the petunia model system may further play a role, based on its biological features and molecular toolkit. PMID:26870078

  9. The Karlin-McGregor formula for a variant of a discrete version of Walsh's spider

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gruenbaum, F Alberto

    2009-01-01

    We consider a variant of a discrete space version of Walsh's spider, see Walsh (1978 Temps Locaux, Asterisque vol 52-53 (Paris: Soc. Math. de France)) as well as Evans and Sowers (2003 Ann. Probab. 31 486-527 and its references). This process can be seen as an instance of a quasi-birth-and-death process, a class of random walks for which the classical theory of Karlin and McGregor can be nicely adapted as in Dette, Reuther, Studden and Zygmunt (2006 SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. 29 117-42), Gruenbaum (2007 Probability, Geometry and Integrable Systems ed Pinsky and Birnir vol 55 (Berkeley, CA: MSRI publication) pp. 241-60, see also arXiv math PR/0703375), Gruenbaum (2007 Dagstuhl Seminar Proc. 07461 on Numerical Methods in Structured Markov Chains ed Bini), Gruenbaum (2008 Proceedings of IWOTA) and Gruenbaum and de la Iglesia (2008 SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. 30 741-63). We give here a weight matrix that makes the corresponding matrix-valued orthogonal polynomials orthogonal to each other. We also determine the polynomials themselves and thus obtain all the ingredients to apply a matrix-valued version of the Karlin-McGregor formula.

  10. Os índios do Ceará na Confederação do Equador

    OpenAIRE

    Costa, João Paulo Peixoto

    2017-01-01

    RESUMO Este artigo discute o envolvimento político e militar dos índios do Ceará na Confederação do Equador de 1824. Nesse conflito, seu posicionamento em relação ao imperador do Brasil dependeu bastante da conjuntura cearense frente à nacional. Se tradicionalmente era reconhecida sua devoção ao monarca, índios e suas lideranças contestaram as políticas de Pedro I que cerceavam sua liberdade. Em tais situações de confronto bélico é possível refletir acerca dos significados indígenas de vassal...

  11. O exercício moral de memória da morte nos escritos religiosos do Brasil colonial (séculos XVII e XVIII)

    OpenAIRE

    Santos, Clara Braz dos [UNESP

    2016-01-01

    No Brasil, durante os séculos XVII e XVIII, pregadores e moralistas difundiram entre os colonos, por meio de sermões, livros de devoção, elogios e sonetos fúnebres, a ideia de que deveriam lembrar cotidianamente da morte, caso almejassem viver e morrer de acordo com os ditames da religião católica. A preocupação com os possíveis destinos das almas no além-túmulo – purgatório, inferno ou paraíso – foi fundamental para que esses letrados propagassem entre os colonos valores morais sobre a morte...

  12. Construindo devoções: as estampas de santos na criação religiosa e na pesquisa histórica – o caso da Nossa Senhora Aparecida do Vagão Queimado / Building devotions: the stamps of saints in religious creation and historical research – the case of Nossa Senhora Aparecida do Vagão Queimado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maurício de Aquino

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available It is intended to discuss the specificities, the uses and potential of prints of Catholicsaints in historical research, particularly in the construction of the devotion to Nossa Senhora Aparecida do Vagão Queimado de Ourinhos, state of São Paulo, Brazil. In recent decades, especially in the 1970s, central points in the production of historical knowledge have been transformed, mainly, by the eruption of new conceptions of time and source. In this context, religious history, showing significant growth and renewal, has expanded its objects and, indeed, its sources, enhancing the traditional iconography in its modern format extensions, as in the case of the prints of saints. The meanings and uses of these stamps must be sought in the interaction with determined devotional practice marked by the temporal, spatial and social situations of a specific historical context, through the confluence of the perspectives of social history of art, anthropology, sociology, and cultural semiotics, adjusted to the specifically historical way of producing knowledge.Pretende-se discutir as especificidades, os usos e as potencialidades das estampas de santos católicos na pesquisa histórica, em particular, na construção da devoção a Nossa Senhora Aparecida do Vagão Queimado de Ourinhos-SP. Nas últimas décadas, sobretudo nos anos 1970, pontos centrais da produção do conhecimento histórico foram transformados, principalmente, pela irrupção de novas concepções de tempo e de fonte. Nesse contexto a história religiosa, em expressivo crescimento e renovação, expandiu seus objetos e, com efeito, suas fontes, valorizando a tradicional iconografia em suas extensões de formato moderno, como no caso das estampas dos santos. Os sentidos e os usos dessas estampas devem ser buscados na interação com determinada prática devocional marcada pelas situações temporais, espaciais e sociais de um específico contexto histórico a partir da confluência de

  13. Prototipo de simulador de tornado para el combate Aéreo No. 3 (CACOM 3 de la Fuerza Aérea Colombiana (FAC

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jorge Mario Cárdenas Cabrera

    2012-09-01

    El comando CACOM 3 de la Fuerza Aérea Colombiana (FAC ha tomado la iniciativa en este aspecto y se ha dado a la tarea de estudiar este fenómeno, trabajando en el diseño de un simulador de tornados a escala, con base en el ya existente, desarrollado por el phD. Harald Eddens, introdujo modificaciones que permitan, además de generar el fenómeno, medir y controlar a través de dispositivos electrónicos algunas variables ambientales. Estos dispositivos permitirán iniciar estudios desde el comando y servir de apoyo para labores de educación de la población vulnerable en cuanto a entender cómo se forma un tornado.

  14. The influence of Cs/Cc correction in analytical imaging and spectroscopy in scanning and transmission electron microscopy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zaluzec, Nestor J.

    2015-01-01

    Aberration correction in scanning/transmission electron microscopy (S/TEM) owes much to the efforts of a small dedicated group of innovators. Leading that frontier has been Prof. Harald Rose. To date his leadership and dynamic personality has spearheaded our ability to leave behind many of the limitations imposed by spherical aberration (C s ) in high resolution phase contrast imaging. Following shortly behind, has been the development of chromatic aberration correction (C c ) which augments those accomplishments. In this paper we will review and summarize how the combination of C s /C c technology enhances our ability to conduct hyperspectral imaging and spectroscopy in today's and future computationally mediated experiments in both thin as well as realistic specimens in vacuo and during in-situ/environmental experiments

  15. The integumental appendages of the turtle shell: An evo-devo perspective

    OpenAIRE

    Moustakas-Verho, Jacqueline; Cherepanov, Gennadii

    2015-01-01

    The turtle shell is composed of dorsal armor (carapace) and ventral armor (plastron) covered by a keratinized epithelium. There are two epithelial appendages of the turtle shell: scutes (large epidermal shields separated by furrows and forming a unique mosaic) and tubercles (numerous small epidermal bumps located on the carapaces of some species). In our perspective, we take a synthetic, comparative approach to consider the homology and evolution of these integumental appendages. Scutes have ...

  16. The integumental appendages of the turtle shell: an evo-devo perspective.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Moustakas-Verho, Jacqueline E; Cherepanov, Gennadii O

    2015-05-01

    The turtle shell is composed of dorsal armor (carapace) and ventral armor (plastron) covered by a keratinized epithelium. There are two epithelial appendages of the turtle shell: scutes (large epidermal shields separated by furrows and forming a unique mosaic) and tubercles (numerous small epidermal bumps located on the carapaces of some species). In our perspective, we take a synthetic, comparative approach to consider the homology and evolution of these integumental appendages. Scutes have been more intensively studied, as they are autapomorphic for turtles and can be diagnostic taxonomically. Their pattern of tessellation is stable phylogenetically, but labile in the individual. We discuss the history of developmental investigations of these structures and hypotheses of evolutionary and anomalous variation. In our estimation, the scutes of the turtle shell are an evolutionary novelty, whereas the tubercles found on the shells of some turtles are homologous to reptilian scales. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  17. "Tokkroosid üle hälli ääre kaevad..." : [luuletused] / Lina Kostenko ; tlk. Harald Rajamets

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kostenko, Lina

    2004-01-01

    Sisu: "Tokkroosid üle hälli ääre kaevad..." ; Kolm printsessi ; "Nüüd vaikus valvab, lumi ripsmeil särav..." ; Esiisa ; "Ei elu tunne mingit korrektuuri..." ; "Ta jalutab tänavail loojaku eel..." ; "Eks muinasjutu luigelaul vist teegi..." ; "Veel hõbe-epolettidega hongad..." ; "Said kokku kaks, noor poiss ja tütarlaps..." ; "Ühes külas kusagil Podilljas..." ; Klymene ; Menestreli lauluke ; Vaarema reibas viirastus ; "Taas helgib lumi. Längus õlul loor..." ; "Ei tunne täna sind, ei iseend..." ; Eksootika ; Võõras pulm ; Ja jälle proloog ; "Hüvasti, meriõhvad! Me teame vähe teist..." ; "Sa tulid jälle, minu nukker muusa..." ; "Ma kõnnin üksi välja õhtu eel..." ; "Mul, kunstnikul - ükskõik, kas koht mul Louvreìs..." ; "Oo, au ja kuulsus - see on mõrkjas mõnu!..." ; "Naised sünnitasid, oh õnne..." ; "Nüüd jätan ootama kõik pakilise..." ; "Kuust üsna ammu juba..." ; "Üks päkapikk vommil matsutab..." ; "Kui sügis paljaks raasib kasel raod..." ; "Ei tea, kas saan Teid näha või ei saa..." ; "Kas tõesti ütles lahti Galilei..." ; Tshumakitee ; Brueghel. "Kolgata tee" ; Rouen ; "Ma astun aeda, ta on must ja kõhn..." ; Vanaaegse romansi õilmelehed ; "Üks pirnipuu, ja eemal haljas salu..." ; Ukraina fresko ; "Jääkettais kaasi kõlistavad panged..." ; "Ürginimeste asulat ja meid..." ; Shevtshenko tagasitulek ; "Jube kaleidoskoop: taas kuskil keegi hukkus..." ; Jään vihma kuulama. Mis reibas ründeretk..."

  18. "Kes kaunis on, peab andma vastse võsu..." : [sonetid] / William Shakespeare ; tlk. Harald Rajamets, Ants Oras

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616

    2006-01-01

    Sisu: "Kes kaunis on, peab andma vastse võsu..." ; "Sa peeglist näed: need palgejooned nüüd..." ; "Seesama aeg, mis kunstipeenelt voolib..." ; "Miks muusika teeb nukraks sind, kes ise..." ; "Ei, armastust ei tunne sinu rind..." ; "Nii ruttu, kui sa hääbud, uueks sirgud..." ; "Kui kuulen, kuidas aega mõõdab kell..." ; "Kuid miks sa ise tõhusamal moel..." ; "Kas suvepäeva sarnaseks sind kiita?..." ; "Aeg, õgard, küüned lõvil tömbiks kääna... ; "Ei veena peegel mind, et olen vana..." ; "Just nagu näitleja, kel kinni keel..." ; "Mu silm kui taidur võttis pilti teha..." ; "Mu armu isand, kelle truu vasall..." ; "Ma reisist väsinuna heidan sängi..." ; "Kui õnnest hüljatuna nutan sala..." ; "Kui vaikse leebe mõtte kohtu ette..." ; "Ma olen näinud küll, kuis tõusev päike..." ; "Ma tunnistan, et meid on siiski kaks..." ; "Nii nagu isa, vanadusest nõrka..." ; "Kui sulen laud, mu silmad hästi näevad..." ; "Nii ränk on reisida mul tüütul teel..." ; "Mis on su olemus, mis tuum su, miks..." ; "Ei kuningate uhked marmorsambad..." ; "Arm, uuenda end, nii et öelda sust..." ; "Kui uut ei olegi, vaid kõik on sama..." ; "Nii nagu lained ulgumerelt randa..." ; "Neiks päeviks, kui kord aeg mu armsal palge..." ; "Et näen, kuis aja käsi kõike lõhub..." ; "Kui pronksi, kivi, maad ja merd võib neelda..." ; "Mu tusk on ränk, nüüd surma kutsuks küll..." ; "Kui suren, ära leina mind sa kaua..." ; "Sa minus seda aastaaega näed..." ; "Mul sinust kirjutades arg on meel..." ; "Oo hüvasti! Liig kallis mul su hind..." ; "Siis vihka mind, kui pead, ja kohe praegu..." ; "Mõnd uhkeks teeb ta kunst, mõnd sünnipära..." ; "Sust eemal olin kevadel, mu arm..." ; "Kui möödaläinud aja kroonikais..." ; "Mis on veel ajul paberile kanda..." ; "Jah, tõsi, olen käinus siin ja seal..." ; "Ma uskuda ei saa, et murda suudab..." ; "On parem olla halb kui halvaks peetud..." ; "Ei, aeg, sa ära hoople, et mind muudad..." ; "Mu muusika, kui muusikat sa teed..." ; "Mu kallil puudub päikse pilk ja jume..." ; "Kui minu kallim ennast kiidab truuks..." ; "Mis võim on sulle andnud võimsa väe..." ; "Arm on liiga noor, et hingepiina teaks..." ; "Kord väike armujumal magas maas...". Autori kohta eluloolisi andmeid lk. 63

  19. New Frontiers in Language Evolution and Development.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Oller, D Kimbrough; Dale, Rick; Griebel, Ulrike

    2016-04-01

    This article introduces the Special Issue and its focus on research in language evolution with emphasis on theory as well as computational and robotic modeling. A key theme is based on the growth of evolutionary developmental biology or evo-devo. The Special Issue consists of 13 articles organized in two sections: A) Theoretical foundations and B) Modeling and simulation studies. All the papers are interdisciplinary in nature, encompassing work in biological and linguistic foundations for the study of language evolution as well as a variety of computational and robotic modeling efforts shedding light on how language may be developed and may have evolved. Copyright © 2016 Cognitive Science Society, Inc.

  20. A Cultura clerical e a folia popular

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gaeta Maria Aparecida Junqueira Veiga

    1997-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo aborda o confronto entre um catolicismo autoritário, tridentino e romanizador, que penetrou no Brasil na segunda metade do século XIX e se consolidou nas primeiras décadas do século XX, e o catolicismo tradicional vigente, de fortes raízes populares. Em sua obsessão pela unanimidade, o ultramontanismo negou as outras formas de ser católico, estabelecendo as dicotomias entre o velho e o novo, o bom e o mau. Entretanto, as velhas formas de religiosidade popular resistiram, mantendo ainda hoje uma inesgotável fonte de devoção e de fé.

  1. Facts against nuclear electricity generation. An analysis of the current situation. 2. Enlarged ed. Fakten gegen den Atomstrom. Eine aktuelle Bestandsaufnahme

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Buechele, C

    1986-01-01

    The book destroys a legend. The nuclear cartel still goes on telling the tale of safety, environmental compatibility and economic efficiency of nuclear electricity generation. But nothing in this story stands the test: Bare facts destroy the legend. Up to now, only insiders have been able to state counterarguments. The book in hand now presents in a nutshell all results and experience and facts to be brought forward against nuclear electricity generation. The material is presented in a problem-oriented, reliable and comprehensible manner. Anyone who long since suspected lies and malinformation of the public will step by step find the arguments justifying his suspicion. In an annex, Harald Gaber explains the Chernobyl disaster and its consequences. A literature index with comments is a helpful guide for further reading.

  2. The influence of C{sub s}/C{sub c} correction in analytical imaging and spectroscopy in scanning and transmission electron microscopy

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zaluzec, Nestor J., E-mail: zaluzec@microscopy.com

    2015-04-15

    Aberration correction in scanning/transmission electron microscopy (S/TEM) owes much to the efforts of a small dedicated group of innovators. Leading that frontier has been Prof. Harald Rose. To date his leadership and dynamic personality has spearheaded our ability to leave behind many of the limitations imposed by spherical aberration (C{sub s}) in high resolution phase contrast imaging. Following shortly behind, has been the development of chromatic aberration correction (C{sub c}) which augments those accomplishments. In this paper we will review and summarize how the combination of C{sub s}/C{sub c} technology enhances our ability to conduct hyperspectral imaging and spectroscopy in today's and future computationally mediated experiments in both thin as well as realistic specimens in vacuo and during in-situ/environmental experiments.

  3. Facts against nuclear electricity generation. 2. enlarged ed.

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Buechele, C.

    1986-01-01

    The book destroys a legend. The nuclear cartel still goes on telling the tale of safety, environmental compatibility and economic efficiency of nuclear electricity generation. But nothing in this story stands the test: Bare facts destroy the legend. Up to now, only insiders have been able to state counterarguments. The book in hand now presents in a nutshell all results and experience and facts to be brought forward against nuclear electricity generation. The material is presented in a problem-oriented, reliable and comprehensible manner. Anyone who long since suspected lies and malinformation of the public will step by step find the arguments justifying his suspicion. In an annex, Harald Gaber explains the Chernobyl disaster and its consequences. A literature index with comments is a helpful guide for further reading. (orig.) [de

  4. Strategy and criteria for deployment of high speed chargers - Part 1; Strategi og kriteriesett for utplassering av hurtigladere - Del 1

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2012-11-01

    This report was commissioned by Transnova, as a part of their commitment to the electrification of road transport. The project has been conducted by Poeyry and Architect Harald N. Roestvik in close cooperation with representatives of Transnova and Vegdirektoratet. In addition, a number of external experts provided information during the process. The first part of the report describes a strategy and a set of criteria for the deployment of fast charging stations. The purpose of this section is to find out how many charging points are needed and where they should be placed. The second part describes the possible business models for providers of quick chargers. This section is intended to give some ideas to those who are interested in running high speed charging, and evaluate opportunities for commercial operations.(auth)

  5. Festa da Ouriçada e devoção a Santa Luzia na praia de Suape-PE: expressão sincrética e simbólica da biodiversidade e do território de pescadores artesanais (Sea Urching Festival and the devotion to Santa Lucia, on the beach of Suape, Pernambuco.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juana de Oliveira Santos

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Festa da Ouriçada e devoção a Santa Luzia na praia de Suape-PE: expressão sincrética e simbólica da biodiversidade e do território de pescadores artesanais (Sea Urching Festival and the devotion to Santa Lucia, on the beach of Suape, Pernambuco - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2013v11n30p545Este artigo busca compreender o simbolismo da Festa da Ouriçada em sua fusão com a Festa de Santa Luzia, realizada todo dia de 13 de dezembro, enquanto manifestação da cultura e da religiosidade popular de uma comunidade de pescadores artesanais. Essas festas são protagonizadas há várias gerações pela população que habita a baía de Suape, cujo território é disputado pelo Complexo Industrial do Porto de Suape, o que tem provocado graves impactos ambientais sobre a biodiversidade da área com prejuízo das atividades pesqueiras. Como metodologia optou-se pelo estudo etnográfico com uso da observação participante e entrevistas com ênfase na história de vida, combinado com pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Ainda considerou-se a memória narrativa como composta por “símbolos que demarcam a identidade de um grupo social” (TEDESCO, 2002, explicitando elementos como “relações sociais, seus vínculos de pertencimento, o significado da natureza biofísica nas suas vidas e o conflito socioambiental vivenciado” (SOUZA, 2009. Palavras-chave: Catolicismo popular. Conflitos territoriais.  Simbolismo. Biodiversidade. Abstract This article aims to understand the symbolism of the Sea Urchin Festival connected with the Saint Luzia Festival, celebrated on December 13, as a cultural and popular religiosity manifestation from a fishermen community. These festivals belong to the people that inhabits the Suape Bay but whose territory is still been disputed by the Industrial Complex of Suape Port that has caused serious environmental impacts over the local biodiversity, thus threatening the fishing activity. The methodology of this research is an

  6. Female orgasm and the emergence of prosocial empathy: An evo-devo perspective.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kennedy, James; Pavličev, Mihaela

    2018-03-01

    In human females, direct or indirect stimulation of the clitoris plays a central role in reaching orgasm. A majority of women report that penetrative coitus alone is insufficient for triggering orgasm, puzzling researchers who expect orgasm to be an outcome of procreative intercourse. In the present paper, we turn our attention to the evolutionary role that such unreliability of orgasm at coitus might have played in human evolution. We emphasize that we do not thereby attempt an explanation of its origin, but its potential evolutionary effect. The present proposal suggests that the variable female orgasm, the position of the clitoris remote from the vagina, and the mismatch of the male refractory period with the female capacity for multiple orgasms, may have contributed to the evolution of human prosocial qualities. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  7. HOX Gene Promoter Prediction and Inter-genomic Comparison: An Evo-Devo Study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marla A. Endriga

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available Homeobox genes direct the anterior-posterior axis of the body plan in eukaryotic organisms. Promoter regions upstream of the Hox genes jumpstart the transcription process. CpG islands found within the promoter regions can cause silencing of these promoters. The locations of the promoter regions and the CpG islands of Homeo sapiens sapiens (human, Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee, Mus musculus (mouse, and Rattus norvegicus (brown rat are compared and related to the possible influence on the specification of the mammalian body plan. The sequence of each gene in Hox clusters A-D of the mammals considered were retrieved from Ensembl and locations of promoter regions and CpG islands predicted using Exon Finder. The predicted promoter sequences were confirmed via BLAST and verified against the Eukaryotic Promoter Database. The significance of the locations was determined using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Among the four clusters, only promoter locations in cluster B showed significant difference. HOX B genes have been linked with the control of genes that direct the development of axial morphology, particularly of the vertebral column bones. The magnitude of variation among the body plans of closely-related species can thus be partially attributed to the promoter kind, location and number, and gene inactivation via CpG methylation.

  8. Molecular Biology of Feather Morphogenesis: A Testable Model for Evo-Devo Research

    Science.gov (United States)

    WIDELITZ, RANDALL B.; JIANG, TING XIN; YU, MINGKE; SHEN, TED; SHEN, JEN-YEE; WU, PING; YU, ZHICAO; CHUONG, CHENG-MING

    2015-01-01

    Darwin’s theory describes the principles that are responsible for evolutionary change of organisms and their attributes. The actual mechanisms, however, need to be studied for each species and each organ separately. Here we have investigated the mechanisms underlying these principles in the avian feather. Feathers comprise one of the most complex and diverse epidermal organs as demonstrated by their shape, size, patterned arrangement and pigmentation. Variations can occur at several steps along each level of organization, leading to highly diverse forms and functions. Feathers develop gradually during ontogeny through a series of steps that may correspond to the evolutionary steps that were taken during the phylogeny from a reptilian ancestor to birds. These developmental steps include 1) the formation of feather tract fields on the skin surfaces; 2) periodic patterning of the individual feather primordia within the feather tract fields; 3) feather bud morphogenesis establishing anterio - posterior (along the cranio - caudal axis) and proximo - distal axes; 4) branching morphogenesis to create the rachis, barbs and barbules within a feather bud; and 5) gradual modulations of these basic morphological parameters within a single feather or across a feather tract. Thus, possibilities for variation in form and function of feathers occur at every developmental step. In this paper, principles guiding feather tract formation, distributions of individual feathers within the tracts and variations in feather forms are discussed at a cellular and molecular level. PMID:12949772

  9. In silico evo-devo: reconstructing stages in the evolution of animal segmentation

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Hogeweg, Paulien; ten Tusscher, Kirsten H. W. J.; Davis, GK; Patel, NH; Peel, A; Akam, M; Couso, JP; Budd, GE; Seaver, EC; Minelli, A; Fusco, G; Tautz, D; Jacobs, DK; Hughes, NC; Fitz-Gibbon, ST; Winchell, CJ; Blair, SS; Wanninger, A; Kristof, A; Brinkmann, N; Chipman, AD; Richmond, DL; Oates, AC; Gold, DA; Runnegar, B; Gehling, JG; Jacobs, DK; Rivera, A; Weisblat, D; Williams, T; Blachuta, B; Hegna, TA; Nagy, LM; Balavoine, G; Peel, A; Bénazéraf, B; Pourquié, O; Mayer, G; Kato, C; Quast, B; Chisholm, RH; Landman, KA; Quinn, LM; Nakamoto, A; Hester, SD; Constantinou, SJ; Blaine, WG; Tewksbury, AB; Matei, MT; Nagy, LM; Williams, TA; Graham, A; Butts, T; Lumsden, A; Kiecker, C; François, P; Hakim, V; Siggia, ED; Fujimoto, K; Ishihara, S; Kaneko, K; Tusscher, KH; Hogeweg, P; Crombach, A; Hogeweg, P; Salazar-Ciudad, I; Newman, SA; Solé, RV; Pankratz, MJ; Jäckle, H; Crampin, EJ; Hackborn, WW; Maini, PK; Harper, JL; Rosen, BR; White, J; Tusscher, KHWJ; Petersen, CP; Reddien, PW; Martin, BL; Kimelman, D; Young, T; Rowland, JE; Ven, C; Bialecka, M; Novoa, A; Carapuco, M; Nes, J; Graaff, W; Duluc, I; Freund, J-N; Beck, F; Mallo, M; Deschamps, J; Meinhardt, H; Kappen, C; Schughart, K; Ruddle, FH

    2016-01-01

    The evolution of animal segmentation is a major research focus within the field of evolutionary–developmental biology. Most studied segmented animals generate their segments in a repetitive, anterior-to-posterior fashion coordinated with the extension of the body axis from a posterior growth zone.

  10. Devoção popular em Catalão: “Santo Antero”

    OpenAIRE

    Silva, Jaciely Soares; Santos, Márcia Pereira

    2011-01-01

    O presente artigo tratará da história de um crime ocorrido na cidade de Cataláo – GO, na década de 1930, o qual teve como acusado Antero da Costa. Acusado de assassinar Albino Felipe, rico fazendeiro da regiáo, Antero náo recebeu julgamento formal, foi acusado, preso e, retirado pela populaçáo da cadeia, foi linchado e morto. Tal episódio foi o início da santificaçáo popular de Antero, pois proporcionou ao mesmo a imagem de mártir da cidade de Cataláo. Nossa problematizaçáo relativa à históri...

  11. Can We Describe Biological Systems with Quantum Mechanics?

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Granados-Ramírez, C G; Benítez-Cardoza, C G; Carbajal-Tinoco, M D

    2016-01-01

    Quantum Mechanics is the favourite theory to predict the structure of any group of atoms, including biological molecules. Due to numerous difficulties, however, it is necessary to introduce a series of approximations to overcome such impediments. We present a coarse-grained model of circular dichroism (CD) that is based on the theory of optical activity, developed by DeVoe, in order to predict CD spectra. In first stage, we determine the polarisability of individual monomers (residues, in the case of peptides) from experiments of molar absorptivity. The complex polarisabilities are used together with peptide structures obtained by density functional theory and other methods to determine their corresponding CD spectra, which are in reasonable agreement with their experimental counterparts. (paper)

  12. Pangênese, genes, epigênese

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernanda Gonçalves Arcanjo

    Full Text Available Resumo Em 1868, Darwin publica seu livro The variation of animals and plants under domestication, no qual expõe sua teoria da hereditariedade. Nela se encontrava o pressuposto de que o desenvolvimento era fundamental para compreensão do processo evolutivo. No presente trabalho, é feita uma releitura da teoria darwiniana da pangênese, no intuito de rediscutir seu valor histórico. Conclui-se que a teoria da pangênese estava bem adequada a seu tempo e, mais do que isso, é possível encontrar ressonâncias de seu pressuposto em trabalhos das novas áreas biologia evolutiva do desenvolvimento (evo-devo e epigenética.

  13. Floral vascular patterns of the double-flowered and wildtype morphs of Nigella damascena L. (Ranunculaceae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Thierry Deroin

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available The perianth of the double-flowered morph of Nigella damascena L. consists of spirally inserted petaloid sepals and sepal-like organs, similar in shape and colour to the petaloid sepals of the wild-type flower. It is devoid of petals. We compare the vascularization of each organ category of the double flower with that of the wild-type. We show that the vascular patterns of the sepal-like organs and of the petals are identical, and found an inverse relationship between the number of bracts and the number of sepals in the double-flowered morph. These two surprising findings will influence the future evo-devo studies on this plant model.

  14. HyperCell: A Bio-inspired Design Framework for Real-time Interactive Architectures

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jia-Rey Chang

    2018-01-01

    eliciting the collective intelligence prevalent in nature and the virtual world of Big Data. Interactive Architecture shall thus embody integrated Information exchange protocols and decision-making systems in order to possess organic body-like qualities.   “Biology”, in this research explores biomimetic principles intended to create purposedriven kinetic and organic architecture. This involves a detailed study/critique of organic architecture, generating organic shapes, performance optimization based digital fabrication techniques and kinetic systems. A holistic bio-inspired architecture embodies multiple performance criteria akin to natural systems, which integrate structural, infrastructure performances throughout the growth of an organic body. Such a natural morphogenesis process of architectural design explores what Janine M. Benyus described as “learning the natural process”. Profoundly influenced by the processes behind morphogenesis, the research further explores Evolutionary Development Biology (Evo-Devo explaining how embryological regulation strongly affect the resulting formations. Evo-Devo in interactive architecture implies the development of architecture based on three fundamental principles: “Simple to Complex”, “Geometric Information Distribution”, and “On/Off Switch and Trigger.” The research seeks to create a relatively intelligent architectural body, and the tactile interactive spatial environment by applying the extracted knowledge from the study of the aforementioned principles of Evo-Devo in the following fashion: • A. Extract a Self-Similar Componential System based approach from the “Simple to Complex” principle of Evo-Devo • B. Extract the idea of “Collective Intelligence” from “Geometric information Distribution” principle of Evo-Devo • C. Extract the principle of “Assembly Regulation” from “On/Off switch and trigger” principle of Evo-Devo The “HyperCell” research, through an elaborate

  15. [The function of analogies in natural sciences, also in contrast to metaphors and models].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hentschel, Klaus

    2010-01-01

    This introduction surveys the various functions of analogies in science, medicine and technology. The focus is on their heuristic importance. The productiveness of analogies is linked to the systematic depth and breadth of the established connections. Various examples are presented from different periods in the history of science, most notably Galileo; such late-Victorian Maxwellians as George Francis FitzGerald and Oliver Lodge; and Heinrich HERTZ and Niels BOHR. These examples are examined in terms of the specific differing temporal ranges of their claimed validities. They serve as evidence or counterevidence for various systematic analyses of analogies as put forward by various philosophers of science, most notably Francis Bacon, John Stuart Mill, Ernst Mach, Harald Høffding, Ernest Nagel, Mary Hesse and Peter Achinstein. The analytic framework for analogies supported here is what the cognitive scientist Dedre Gentner has termed structure-mapping.

  16. A Sorry Excuse for an Apology?

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Villadsen, Lisa Storm

    where there seems to be clear parallel instances abroad, Danish authorities have refrained from apologizing. A case in point concerns cases where mistreatment of children who were in government-run care have led to official apologies, e.g. former Australian Prime Minster Rudd’s 2008 apology...... to the “Stolen Generations” and former British Prime Minister Brown’s 2010 apology to migrant children sent abroad. In 2006 the Norwegian parliament, the government, and King Harald apologized for abusive treatment of children in Norwegian orphanages. Most recently, an “atonement” ceremony was held in Stockholm...... on Nov. 21, 2011 in the presence of officials and Queen Silvia in response to a government sponsored investigation of mistreatment of children in state-run institutions. In Denmark a report documenting mistreatment of children in Danish state-supervised orphanages from 1945 to 1976 was published in May...

  17. The Danish School of Interior Architecture: A Visionary Functionalist, a Visionary Aesthete, and their Women Students

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Lytken, Malene

    2013-01-01

    Recently there has been a growing international interest in the history of interior design. Danish design owes much of its international renown to a few prominent architects and their iconic products. One of them was Finn Juhl, who earned an international reputation mainly through his elegant...... furniture design. However, an important aspect of his work has received virtually no attention: his seminal work as a visionary teacher and leader at the school for professional interior design in Copenhagen in the 1940s and 1950s. Harald Willerup, architect as well, and Juhl's equally visionary predecessor......, had initiated this work in 1934, but has remained largely unknown. This article offers a historiographical mapping of the professional education of Danish interior designers in the period from 1934 to 1955—a subject, which has so far remained unexposed. Despite the fact that the leading figures...

  18. A ditadura nas representações verbais e visuais da grande imprensa: 1964-1969

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rodrigo Patto Sá Motta

    Full Text Available O artigo consiste em estudo das representações divulgadas pela grande imprensa do eixo Rio-São Paulo sobre o regime militar em sua fase inicial, o período entre 1964 e 1969. Para analisar os discursos emitidos pelos seis diários enfocados na pesquisa foram privilegiados os textos dos editoriais e as caricaturas políticas, elementos que se destacam em meio às representações visuais e verbais dos jornais. O propó- sito é perceber melhor as ambiguidades da imprensa que, cindida entre o amor à liberdade e a devoção à ordem, adotou atitudes tanto de apoio quanto de crítica ao Estado autoritário.

  19. A lagosta judia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Heloísa Pait

    2008-10-01

    Full Text Available Era uma vez uma lagosta judia muito observadora das leis de sua religião. A lagosta lia a Torá com tamanha devoção que chegava a espantar seus amigos do mar. Os cavalos marinhos e ostras achavam que se tratava de uma fase, comum nos crustáceos, de busca espiritual. Mas a tal “fase” não parecia ter fim, e não era difícil ver a lagosta preparando-­se para seu sereno Shabat, cobrindo suas pernas até a altura do que ela, solitariamente, interpretava serem seus “joelhos”, e recontando a quem se dispusesse a ouvir as agruras do povo que ela queria fosse o seu.

  20. Medizinhistorische Literatur [Medical history literature

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bauer, Bruno

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available [english] The focus of the current issue 1-2/2012 of GMS Medizin – Bibliothek – Information is on medical history literature. In six articles special collections and recent projects of medical history libraries in Berlin, Hamburg, Heidelberg, Leipzig, Vienna and Zurich are presented. The authors in this issue are Melanie Scholz & Vera Seehausen (From Augusta to Klingsor, from Luise to Benjamin – past, present and future of the library of the Institute of the History of Medicine in Berlin, Alexandra Veith (Library of the Institute for History of Medicine and Ethics of Medicine, Heidelberg, Melanie Kintzel, Meike Knittel & Tanja Krutky (Historic collections of the Medical Library of the University of the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf and their deacidification, Dagmar Geithner (Library of the Karl Sudhoff Institute for the History of Medicine and Science, Leipzig – a Historical Review, Harald Albrecht, Bruno Bauer & Walter Mentzel (The Josephinian Library and the medical-historic stock of the University Library of the Medical University of Vienna and Monika Huber & Ursula Reis (Library of the Institute and Museum of the History of Medicine Zurich.[german] Schwerpunktthema der aktuellen Ausgabe 1-2/2012von GMS Medizin – Bibliothek – Information ist medizinhistorische Literatur. In sechs Beiträgen werden Bestände und aktuelle Projekte medizinhistorischer Bibliotheken in Berlin, Hamburg, Heidelberg, Leipzig, Wien und Zürich vorgestellt. Verfasst wurden die Beiträge der Schwerpunktausgabe von Melanie Scholz & Vera Seehausen (Von August zu Klingsor, von Luise zu Benjamin – Vergangenheit, Gegenwart und Zukunft der Bibliothek des Instituts für Geschichte der Medizin in Berlin, Melanie Kintzel, Meike Knittel & Tanja Krutky (Medizinhistorische Buchbestände am Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf und ihre Entsäuerung, Ara Veith (Bibliothek des Instituts für Geschichte und Ethik der Medizin in Heidelberg, Dagmar Geithner

  1. Education and Evolution

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hjermitslev, Hans Henrik

    2015-01-01

    Herbert Spencer’s ideas were first introduced to a Scandinavian audience in the early 1870s when the Danish philosopher Harald Høffding published and lectured on his evolutionary philosophy. At this time, Høffding also played an important role in disseminating Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution...... and in discussing the philosophical consequences of an evolutionary worldview. In the late 1870s and 1880s several of Spencer’s works were translated into Danish and Swedish and he became a household name among liberal intellectuals who primarily discussed his views on education and evolution. His most influential...... known foreign thinkers in the general public at the time of his death in 1903. Moreover, in the decades around 1900 Spencer’s thoughts on education were part of the curricula at many colleges of education. Spencer’s ideas on evolution and education were thus widely circulated and positively received...

  2. Energy policy turnaround and agriculture. Proceedings; Energiewende und Landwirtschaft. Tagungsband

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wendl, Georg (ed.)

    2012-11-15

    Within the land-technical annual meeting at 22nd November, 2012 in the training centre of the Banz monastery (Bad Staffelstein, Federal Republic of Germany), the following lectures were held: (1) Opportunities and potentials of renewable energies in Bavaria (Rupert Schaefer); (2) Consumption of electricity and energy efficiency in agricultural operation (Stefan Neser); (3) Short-rotation plantations - Processes, efficiency and ecologic balance (Frank Burger); (4) Bavarian pilot plants for the production of biogas - Results from five years of monitoring (Mathias Effenberger); (5) Farm biomass conversion plants up to 75 kW - Opportunities and limits (Andreas Weber); (6) Photovoltaic power plants and wind power plants in the Bavarian agriculture - Where is it all going? (Johannes Graf); (7) Wind energy - Regional value creation by an area model and citizen's participation using an example in Creussen (district Bayreuth) (Harald Mild); (8) Regional power connecting using Hollfeld as an example (Markus Pirkelmann).

  3. GENITAL CONDYLOMAS. PREVALENCE, ETIOLOGY, TREATMENT AND PREVENTION

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    L.K. Aslamazyan

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available The article is dedicated to the papilloma virus infection. As it became known in October 2008, the nobel prize in the field of medicine and physiology this year is awarded to the German doctor of Harald Zur Hausen who has proved the role of the human papilloma virus as causative factor of the cervical carcinoma. This is epoch making discovery because of human papilloma virus is most frequent of sexually transmitted infections. The authors demonstrated the high HPV prevalence. One of the most frequent manifestations of this infection is in more details presented pointed condy loma, clinical course of the disease and differential diagnostics of its various forms. Considering treatment inefficiency, the authors convincingly demonstrate that the only opportunity available to keep a human from the illness development is a specific immune prevention.Key words: papillomavirus infection, pointed condylomas, precancers, prevention.

  4. Niels Bohr and the philosophy of physics twenty-first century perspectives

    CERN Document Server

    Folse, Henry

    2017-01-01

    Niels Bohr and Philosophy of Physics: Twenty-First Century Perspectives examines the philosophical views, influences and legacy of the Nobel Prize physicist and philosophical spokesman of the quantum revolution, Niels Bohr. The sixteen contributions in this collection by some of the best contemporary philosophers and physicists writing on Bohr's philosophy today all carefully distinguish his subtle and unique interpretation of quantum mechanics from views often imputed to him under the banner of the “Copenhagen Interpretation.” With respect to philosophical influences on Bohr's outlook, the contributors analyse prominent similarities between his viewpoint and Kantian ways of thinking, the views of the Danish philosopher Harald Høffding, and themes characteristic of American pragmatism. In recognizing the importance of Bohr's epistemological naturalism they examine his defence of the indispensability of classical concepts from a variety of different perspectives. This collection shows us that Bohr's int...

  5. Introduzione. Donne che portano la parrucca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claudia Mattalucci-Yılmaz

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available Peruk takan kadınlar è l’opera che nel 1999 l’artista e cineasta turco Kutlug Ataman ha presentato alla Biennale di Venezia curata da Harald Szeemann. Quattro schermi giustapposti proiettano le testimonianze di donne che, per un periodo della loro vita, hanno portato una parrucca: un’attivista politica di sinistra che nel 1971, dopo il colpo di stato militare, utilizzava un nome in codice, una divisa delle Turkish Airlines e una parrucca per sfuggire al controllo della polizia; una giornalista, colpita da un tumore al seno, che ha portato una parrucca per mascherare gli effetti della chemioterapia; una studentessa musulmana che indossa una parrucca per frequentare l’università, in un contesto – quello turco – che in nome della laicità dello Stato, interdice l’uso nel foulard nelle scuole, nelle università e nella pubblica amministrazione; e infine un transessuale.

  6. Graded Exercise Testing in a Pediatric Weight Management Center: The DeVos Protocol.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Eisenmann, Joey C; Guseman, Emily Hill; Morrison, Kyle; Tucker, Jared; Smith, Lucie; Stratbucker, William

    2015-12-01

    In this article, we describe a protocol used to test the functional capacity of the obese pediatric patient and describe the peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) of patients seeking treatment at a pediatric weight management center. One hundred eleven (mean age, 12.5 ± 3.0 years) patients performed a multistage exercise test on a treadmill, of which 90 (81%) met end-test criteria and provided valid VO2peak data. Peak VO2 was expressed: (1) in absolute terms (L·min(-1)); (2) as the ratio of the volume of oxygen consumed per minute relative to total body mass (mL·kg(-1)·min(-1)); and (3) as the ratio of the volume of oxygen consumed per minute relative to fat-free mass (mL·FFM·kg(-1)·min(-1)). Mean BMI z-score was 2.4 ± 0.3 and the mean percent body fat was 36.5 ± 9.7%. Absolute VO2peak (L·min(-1)) was significantly different between sexes; however, relative values were similar between sexes. Mean VO2peak was 25.7 ± 4.8 mL·kg(-1)·min(-1) with a range of 13.5-36.7 mL·kg(-1)·min(-1). Obese youth seeking treatment at a stage 3 pediatric weight management center exhibit low VO2peak. The protocol outlined here should serve as a model for similar programs interested in the submaximal and peak responses to exercise in obese pediatric patients.

  7. Of clocks and waves, stripes and shapes : evo-devo models of sequential segmentation

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Vroomans, R.M.A.

    2017-01-01

    Segments are repeated elements along the main body axis of many animals, such as the rings of earthworms and myriapods or the vertebrae of mammals. These structures are produced very early in development. Typically, they are produced one by one from a posterior growth zone that starts just behind

  8. Cell–cell signaling drives the evolution of complex traits: introduction—lung evo-devo

    Science.gov (United States)

    Torday, John S.; Rehan, V. K.

    2009-01-01

    Physiology integrates biology with the environment through cell–cell interactions at multiple levels. The evolution of the respiratory system has been “deconvoluted” (Torday and Rehan in Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 31:8–12, 2004) through Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs) applied to cell–cell communication for all aspects of lung biology development, homeostasis, regeneration, and aging. Using this approach, we have predicted the phenotypic consequences of failed signaling for lung development, homeostasis, and regeneration based on evolutionary principles. This cell–cell communication model predicts other aspects of vertebrate physiology as adaptational responses. For example, the oxygen-induced differentiation of alveolar myocytes into alveolar adipocytes was critical for the evolution of the lung in land dwelling animals adapting to fluctuating Phanarezoic oxygen levels over the past 500 million years. Adipocytes prevent lung injury due to oxygen radicals and facilitate the rise of endothermy. In addition, they produce the class I cytokine leptin, which augments pulmonary surfactant activity and alveolar surface area, increasing selection pressure for both respiratory oxygenation and metabolic demand initially constrained by high-systemic vascular pressure, but subsequently compensated by the evolution of the adrenomedullary beta-adrenergic receptor mechanism. Conserted positive selection for the lung and adrenals created further selection pressure for the heart, which becomes progressively more complex phylogenetically in tandem with the lung. Developmentally, increasing heart complexity and size impinges precociously on the gut mesoderm to induce the liver. That evolutionary-developmental interaction is significant because the liver provides regulated sources of glucose and glycogen to the evolving physiologic system, which is necessary for the evolution of the neocortex. Evolution of neocortical control furthers integration of physiologic systems. Such an evolutionary vertical integration of cell-to-tissue-to-organ-to-physiology of intrinsic cell–cell signaling and extrinsic factors is the reverse of the “top-down” conventional way in which physiologic systems are usually regarded. This novel mechanistic approach, incorporating a “middle-out” cell–cell signaling component, will lead to a readily available algorithm for integrating genes and phenotypes. This symposium surveyed the phylogenetic origins of such vertically integrated mechanisms for the evolution of cell–cell communication as the basis for complex physiologic traits, from sponges to man. PMID:20607136

  9. Utilization of whey

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    1979-01-01

    Compositions of wheys from cheesemaking and ultrafiltration are tabulated and some indications of the pollution potential and the cost of disposal of whey are given. The following treatments are described: ion exchange and electrodialysis for demineralization and deacidification; concentration by reverse osmosis, evaporation, spray drying, ''Hatmaker'' (roller) drying, and a drying technique using small Teflon balls; separation of proteins by ''Centri-Whey'' (Alfa-Laval) and ''Bel-Industrie'' heat/acid coagulation, ultrafiltration and other methods; purification and enzymic hydrolysis of lactose, and use of lactose as a substrate for protein biosynthesis by ''Bel'' (lactic acid yeast), ''Devos'' (Saccharomyces yeast) and ''Caliqua-Sireb'' (using fungi) processes. The use of whey for producing ethanol, lactic acid, vinegar, vitamins, antibiotics, enzymes and fats; and development of industrial whey processing in France are reviewed.

  10. OS ARDIS DO AMOR EM BUSCA DE SUA EFICÁCIA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hugo Assmann

    1983-01-01

    Full Text Available Este breve escrito quer ser, antes de mais nada, um gesto agradecido, um emocionado abraço a um grande irmão. Devo pessoalmente demais a essa pessoa "gente" que é Juan Luis para fingir distâncias acadêmicas frente a seus escritos. O ano que convivemos em Montevidéu marcou-me de lições que continuo a aprender. Iniciei lá o batismo latino-americano, continuado depois numa série de outros países. Acho que, este sim, imprimiu em mim um caráter indelével e deu-me um "estado de graça" no qual os sofrimentos e as alegrias se fundem numa esperança capaz de saber/saborear auroras em meio a noites sem estrelas.

  11. From an unlicensed philosopher: reflections on brain, mind, society, culture--each other's environments with equal "ontologic standing".

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shay, Jonathan

    2010-10-01

    Philosophic conclusions drawn from work with psychologically and morally injured combat veterans include that brain, mind, society, and culture "co-evolved." The four encompass the complete human phenomenon, but not all are reducible to the physical brain. None of the four are "ontologically prior" to the others, when viewed over the entire lifecycle. All four are what I call "each other's environments," with obligatory cross-boundary flows--each with each in both directions. Rigorous, but nonreductionist interdisciplinary research, in the vein of "evo-devo" in embryology, is called for in the study of the human phenomena. On the basis of these conclusions, I offer a few practical comments on clinical work with psychologically and morally injured combat veterans. © 2010 Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease.

  12. LIF-dependent signaling: new pieces in the Lego.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mathieu, Marie-Emmanuelle; Saucourt, Claire; Mournetas, Virginie; Gauthereau, Xavier; Thézé, Nadine; Praloran, Vincent; Thiébaud, Pierre; Bœuf, Hélène

    2012-03-01

    LIF, a member of the IL6 family of cytokine, displays pleiotropic effects on various cell types and organs. Its critical role in stem cell models (e.g.: murine ES, human mesenchymal cells) and its essential non redundant function during the implantation process of embryos, in eutherian mammals, put this cytokine at the core of many studies aiming to understand its mechanisms of action, which could benefit to medical applications. In addition, its conservation upon evolution raised the challenging question concerning the function of LIF in species in which there is no implantation. We present the recent knowledge about the established and potential functions of LIF in different stem cell models, (embryonic, hematopoietic, mesenchymal, muscle, neural stem cells and iPSC). We will also discuss EVO-DEVO aspects of this multifaceted cytokine.

  13. The correction of electron lens aberrations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hawkes, P.W., E-mail: peter.hawkes@cemes.fr

    2015-09-15

    The progress of electron lens aberration correction from about 1990 onwards is chronicled. Reasonably complete lists of publications on this and related topics are appended. A present for Max Haider and Ondrej Krivanek in the year of their 65th birthdays. By a happy coincidence, this review was completed in the year that both Max Haider and Ondrej Krivanek reached the age of 65. It is a pleasure to dedicate it to the two leading actors in the saga of aberration corrector design and construction. They would both wish to associate their colleagues with such a tribute but it is the names of Haider and Krivanek (not forgetting Joachim Zach) that will remain in the annals of electron optics, next to that of Harald Rose. I am proud to know that both regard me as a friend as well as a colleague. - Highlights: • Geometrical aberration correction. • Chromatic aberration correction. • 50 pm resolution. • High-resolution electron energy-loss spectroscopy. • Extensive bibliographies.

  14. Branding local heritage and popularising a remote past: The example of Haugesund in Western Norway

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Torgrim Sneve Guttormsen

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Since the national romantic era, the Haugesund region of Norway has been associated with patriotism and heroism as it is believed to be the homeland of the Viking hero Harald Fairhair, the first king of Norway. In the arrival hall at the airport outside Haugesund the passengers are today faced with the following words: “Welcome to the Homeland of the Viking Kings”. The slogan refers to official regional attraction strategies based on a late modern Viking enthusiasm, used in efforts to increase local identity, to enchant a visitor market and to brand the region, in short, to create pride and glory. In this paper, dynamics of heritage production at Haugesund are examined by emphasising how a popular and commercial past (“the experience society” mediates public debates and conflicts, thus questioning the function experts within the field of archaeology and the cultural heritage management have in local communities.

  15. Proceedings of scientific instructional conference on local antibiotic therapy on prevention and treatment of infections in orthopaedics and traumatology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Okapa, Robert; Marczyński, Wojciech; Kolbuszewski, Andrzej

    2013-06-13

    Proceedings of scientific instructional conference which was held on 7th July 2012 in Józefów near Warsaw. Dring the Conference the cectures were presented by leading experts - Dr. David Jenkins, clinical microbiology consultant from the University Hospital in Leicester, Professor Harald Knaepler, head of the Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics in Wetzlar, Germany, Dr. David Jahoda, head of the department of orthopedic infections, Motol University Hospital, Prague, and Professor Wojciech Marczyński, head of the Department of Orthopaedics, The Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Professor Adam Gruca Teaching Hospital in Otwock, who was also the Conference moderator. The meeting was the opportunity to clarify the indications and contraindications to the use of local antibiotic therapy in the treatment of infectious complications after surgical procedures  and focus on practical aspects of clinical microbiology and its important contribution to the identification and resolution of problems with infectious complications in orthopedics and traumatology.  

  16. Responding to God

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nielsen, Kirsten

    2009-01-01

    The theoretical background of the article consists of the theory of intertextuality and of Harald Bloom's theory of the strong precursors. As an example of this a modern Danish hymn by Holger Lissner, "Cain, where is your brother?" is analysed and it is shown how the poet is able to use two...... and images from the Danish nature are used in the hymns. It is further shown that modern poets are reluctant to talk about God as a God of history. As something new, Lars Busk Sørensen combines biblical imagery with philosophical concepts. It is concluded that biblical normativity is a challenge: "To live up...... to the biblical norm it must therefore be required of the theologian and the hymnwriter alike that their reading of the biblical message takes place not only as a repetition of the biblical words, but also as a reception and transformation of them."...

  17. Optimized construction of biogas plants; Optimierte Bauweise fuer Biogasanlagen

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2012-09-19

    Within the conference of the International Trade Fair for Biogas Plant Technology at 21st February, 2012 in Berlin, the following lectures were held: (1) Optimized dimensions of containers for small systems of liquid manure (Manfred Thalmann); (2) Microferm mini biogas plants (Bart Brouwer); (3) Fermentation of stackable biomass in rural biogas plant - The DeNaBa system (Christian Deterding); (4) The Sauter Biogas System for the fermentation of liquid manure, solid dung, and other residual materials (Stefan Sauter); (5) Bio-electricity: Controllable power generation by means of biogas plants (Matthias Sonnleitner); (6) Reduction of the effort and increase of the yield using UDR fixed bed technology (Alfred van den Berg); (7) Prestressed concrete container for biogas plants: Area of application - quality - options (Harald Feldmann); (8) Corrosion protection of agricultural and communal biogas plants (Michael Normann); (9) Fundamentals of efficient and effective flow generation in biogas plants (Kay Rotalski); (10) Rotary piston screw pistons and eccentric screw pumps (Thorsten Gilles).

  18. Die Entdeckung des Higgs-Teilchens oder wie das Universum seine Masse bekam

    CERN Document Server

    2013-01-01

    Im Oktober 2013 setzte der Nobelpreis für Peter Higgs und François Englert den vorläufigen Höhepunkt in der verrückten Geschichte um das sogenannte Gottesteilchen, das Higgs-Boson. Schon im Juli des Vorjahres hatten die Physiker weltweit gejubelt: Mehr als fünfzig Jahre nachdem Peter Higgs und andere Wissenschaftler die Existenz des Teilchens theoretisch begründet hatten, war es im gigantischen Teilchenbeschleuniger CERN gefunden worden. Jetzt erzählen Harald Lesch und seine Co-Autoren, warum sich rund um das Higgs-Teilchen so viele skurrile Missverständnisse und mediale Sensationen ranken. Gewohnt kurzweilig und gut verständlich enthüllen sie, wie aus dem verzweifelt gesuchten „gottverdammten Teilchen“ das Gottesteilchen wurde, dass der Urknall nicht simuliert werden kann und dass Schwarze Löcher nicht unbedingt alles verschlingende Monster sind. Dabei wird deutlich, dass die Suche nach den geheimnisvollen Kräften, die das Universum, unsere Erde und letztlich auch uns Menschen zusammenhalten...

  19. The correction of electron lens aberrations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hawkes, P.W.

    2015-01-01

    The progress of electron lens aberration correction from about 1990 onwards is chronicled. Reasonably complete lists of publications on this and related topics are appended. A present for Max Haider and Ondrej Krivanek in the year of their 65th birthdays. By a happy coincidence, this review was completed in the year that both Max Haider and Ondrej Krivanek reached the age of 65. It is a pleasure to dedicate it to the two leading actors in the saga of aberration corrector design and construction. They would both wish to associate their colleagues with such a tribute but it is the names of Haider and Krivanek (not forgetting Joachim Zach) that will remain in the annals of electron optics, next to that of Harald Rose. I am proud to know that both regard me as a friend as well as a colleague. - Highlights: • Geometrical aberration correction. • Chromatic aberration correction. • 50 pm resolution. • High-resolution electron energy-loss spectroscopy. • Extensive bibliographies

  20. Szeemann’s tableau

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Oriol Fontdevila

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available The demystification of the concepts of art and authorship that conceptual art brought about is closely related to the emergence, at the time, of new agents in the field of arts who adopted an authorial function. This is the c ase of the so-called curator-author. As Harald Szeemann foreshadowed in 1969, the idea was born scarcely two years after Roland Barthes suggested “the death of the author”. Szeemann’s Tableau hypothesizes the possibility of a direct connection between both events, while it also traces the exchanges that took place between art and mediation under the influence of post-minimalism and the dawn of Post-Fordism. This article also explores the attempts made by Seth Siegelaub and Lucy Lippardin with regards to exhibiting methodologies, amplifying the deconstructionist echo of conceptual art rather than retracting it into author positions. Finally, the text analyzes the outstanding role of the publications issued during an especially fruitful time in art-mediation.

  1. Brief history of the Cambridge STEM aberration correction project and its progeny

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Brown, L. Michael [Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J.J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE (United Kingdom); Batson, Philip E. [Institute for Advanced Materials, Devices and Nanotechnology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (United States); Department of Physics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (United States); Department of Materials Science, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (United States); Dellby, Niklas [Nion Company, 11515 NE 118th Street, Kirkland, WA 98034 (United States); Krivanek, Ondrej L. [Nion Company, 11515 NE 118th Street, Kirkland, WA 98034 (United States); Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 (United States)

    2015-10-15

    We provide a brief history of the project to correct the spherical aberration of the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) that started in Cambridge (UK) and continued in Kirkland (WA, USA), Yorktown Heights (NY, USA), and other places. We describe the project in the full context of other aberration correction research and related work, partly in response to the incomplete context presented in the paper “In quest of perfection in electron optics: A biographical sketch of Harald Rose on the occasion of his 80th birthday”, recently published in Ultramicroscopy. - Highlights: • We provide a brief history of the Cambridge project to correct the spherical aberration of the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). • We describe the project in the full context of other aberration correction work and related research. • We summarize our corrector development work that followed the Cambridge project, and which was the first to reach higher spatial resolution than any non-corrected electron microscope.

  2. Brief history of the Cambridge STEM aberration correction project and its progeny

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Brown, L. Michael; Batson, Philip E.; Dellby, Niklas; Krivanek, Ondrej L.

    2015-01-01

    We provide a brief history of the project to correct the spherical aberration of the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) that started in Cambridge (UK) and continued in Kirkland (WA, USA), Yorktown Heights (NY, USA), and other places. We describe the project in the full context of other aberration correction research and related work, partly in response to the incomplete context presented in the paper “In quest of perfection in electron optics: A biographical sketch of Harald Rose on the occasion of his 80th birthday”, recently published in Ultramicroscopy. - Highlights: • We provide a brief history of the Cambridge project to correct the spherical aberration of the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). • We describe the project in the full context of other aberration correction work and related research. • We summarize our corrector development work that followed the Cambridge project, and which was the first to reach higher spatial resolution than any non-corrected electron microscope

  3. Vignette Hyperparathyroidism: Glimpse Into Its History

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dorairajan, N.; Pradeep, P.V.

    2014-01-01

    The parathyroid gland was first described by Sir Richard Owen. Ivor Sandstrom coined the term glandulae parathyroidiae. Vassale and Generali Francesco observed that tetany occurs following parathyroidectomy. Harald Salvesen firmly established the relationship of the parathyroid gland to calcium metabolism. A patient with skeletal disease and a tumor near the parathyroid gland was described by Max Askanazy in 1904. Schlagenhaufer suggested in 1915 that in an attempt to cure bone disease, solitary parathyroid enlargement, if present, should be excised. The term hyperparathyroidism (HPT) was coined by Henry Dixon and colleagues. The parathyroid surgeries on Albert J. and Charles Martell were the first experience with successful parathyroidectomy. From a grossly symptomatic disease of bones, stones, abdominal groans, and psychic moans, HPT has evolved into asymptomatic HPT. Improvements in knowledge about the pathology of parathyroid diseases, including the genetic basis of HPT, and advances in the surgical techniques have brought about changes in the management of HPT over the decades. PMID:25216416

  4. Evo-Devo of the Human Vertebral Column: On Homeotic Transformations, Pathologies and Prenatal Selection

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Ten Broek, C.M.A.; Bakker, A.J.; Varela-Lasheras, I.; Bugiani, M.; Van Dongen, S.; Galis, F.

    2012-01-01

    Homeotic transformations of vertebrae are particularly common in humans and tend to come associated with malformations in a wide variety of organ systems. In a dataset of 1,389 deceased human foetuses and infants a majority had cervical ribs and approximately half of these individuals also had

  5. A wing expressed sequence tag resource for Bicyclus anynana butterflies, an evo-devo model

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gruber Jonathan D

    2006-05-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Butterfly wing color patterns are a key model for integrating evolutionary developmental biology and the study of adaptive morphological evolution. Yet, despite the biological, economical and educational value of butterflies they are still relatively under-represented in terms of available genomic resources. Here, we describe an Expression Sequence Tag (EST project for Bicyclus anynana that has identified the largest available collection to date of expressed genes for any butterfly. Results By targeting cDNAs from developing wings at the stages when pattern is specified, we biased gene discovery towards genes potentially involved in pattern formation. Assembly of 9,903 ESTs from a subtracted library allowed us to identify 4,251 genes of which 2,461 were annotated based on BLAST analyses against relevant gene collections. Gene prediction software identified 2,202 peptides, of which 215 longer than 100 amino acids had no homology to any known proteins and, thus, potentially represent novel or highly diverged butterfly genes. We combined gene and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP identification by constructing cDNA libraries from pools of outbred individuals, and by sequencing clones from the 3' end to maximize alignment depth. Alignments of multi-member contigs allowed us to identify over 14,000 putative SNPs, with 316 genes having at least one high confidence double-hit SNP. We furthermore identified 320 microsatellites in transcribed genes that can potentially be used as genetic markers. Conclusion Our project was designed to combine gene and sequence polymorphism discovery and has generated the largest gene collection available for any butterfly and many potential markers in expressed genes. These resources will be invaluable for exploring the potential of B. anynana in particular, and butterflies in general, as models in ecological, evolutionary, and developmental genetics.

  6. Whole-mount in situ hybridization in the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis representing a basal branch of lophotrochozoans.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Boell, Louis A; Bucher, Gregor

    2008-08-01

    In order to broaden the comparative scope of evolutionary developmental biology and to refine our picture of animal macroevolution, it is necessary to establish new model organisms, especially from previously underrepresented groups, like the Lophotrochozoa. We have established the culture and protocols for molecular developmental biology in the rotifer species Brachionus plicatilis Müller (Rotifera, Monogononta). Rotifers are nonsegmented animals with enigmatic basal position within the lophotrochozoans and marked by several evolutionary novelties like the wheel organ (corona), the median eye, and the nonpaired posterior foot. The expression of Bp-Pax-6 is shown using whole-mount in situ hybridization. The inexpensive easy culture and experimental tractability of Brachionus as well as the range of interesting questions to which it holds the key make it a promising addition to the "zoo" of evo-devo model organisms.

  7. A royal visit : King Harald V and Queen Sonja of Norway made a trip to CERN on Tuesday 4 April

    CERN Multimedia

    Maximilien Brice

    2006-01-01

    CERN Director-General Robert Aymar welcomed the royal party, which included the Norwegian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Jonas Gahr Støre, and provided an overview of CERN's history and current and future research. ATLAS deputy spokesperson Steinar Stapnes then quickly explained the concept and inner workings of the LHC, some LHC physics goals and ATLAS, which is one of the main experiments receiving Norwegian contributions

  8. Evolution of brain and culture: the neurological and cognitive journey from Australopithecus to Albert Einstein.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Falk, Dean

    2016-06-20

    Fossil and comparative primatological evidence suggest that alterations in the development of prehistoric hominin infants kindled three consecutive evolutionary-developmental (evo-devo) trends that, ultimately, paved the way for the evolution of the human brain and cognition. In the earliest trend, infants' development of posture and locomotion became delayed because of anatomical changes that accompanied the prolonged evolution of bipedalism. Because modern humans have inherited these changes, our babies are much slower than other primates to reach developmental milestones such as standing, crawling, and walking. The delay in ancestral babies' physical development eventually precipitated an evolutionary reversal in which they became increasing unable to cling independently to their mothers. For the first time in prehistory, babies were, thus, periodically deprived of direct physical contact with their mothers. This prompted the emergence of a second evo-devo trend in which infants sought contact comfort from caregivers using evolved signals, including new ways of crying that are conserved in modern babies. Such signaling stimulated intense reciprocal interactions between prehistoric mothers and infants that seeded the eventual emergence of motherese and, subsequently, protolanguage. The third trend was for an extreme acceleration in brain growth that began prior to the last trimester of gestation and continued through infants' first postnatal year (early "brain spurt"). Conservation of this trend in modern babies explains why human brains reach adult sizes that are over three times those of chimpanzees. The fossil record of hominin cranial capacities together with comparative neuroanatomical data suggest that, around 3 million years ago, early brain spurts began to facilitate an evolutionary trajectory for increasingly large adult brains in association with neurological reorganization. The prehistoric increase in brain size eventually caused parturition to become

  9. Radiation and the regulatory landscape of neo2-Darwinism

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rollo, C. David

    2006-01-01

    Several recently revealed features of eukaryotic genomes were not predicted by earlier evolutionary paradigms, including the relatively small number of genes, the very large amounts of non-functional code and its quarantine in heterochromatin, the remarkable conservation of many functionally important genes across relatively enormous phylogenetic distances, and the prevalence of extra-genomic information associated with chromatin structure and histone proteins. All of these emphasize a paramount role for regulatory evolution, which is further reinforced by recent perspectives highlighting even higher-order regulation governing epigenetics and development (EVO-DEVO). Modern neo 2 -Darwinism, with its emphasis on regulatory mechanisms and regulatory evolution provides new vision for understanding radiation biology, particularly because free radicals and redox states are central to many regulatory mechanisms and free radicals generated by radiation mimic and amplify endogenous signalling. This paper explores some of these aspects and their implications for low-dose radiation biology

  10. Natural Killer T Cells: An Ecological Evolutionary Developmental Biology Perspective.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kumar, Amrendra; Suryadevara, Naveenchandra; Hill, Timothy M; Bezbradica, Jelena S; Van Kaer, Luc; Joyce, Sebastian

    2017-01-01

    Type I natural killer T (NKT) cells are innate-like T lymphocytes that recognize glycolipid antigens presented by the MHC class I-like protein CD1d. Agonistic activation of NKT cells leads to rapid pro-inflammatory and immune modulatory cytokine and chemokine responses. This property of NKT cells, in conjunction with their interactions with antigen-presenting cells, controls downstream innate and adaptive immune responses against cancers and infectious diseases, as well as in several inflammatory disorders. NKT cell properties are acquired during development in the thymus and by interactions with the host microbial consortium in the gut, the nature of which can be influenced by NKT cells. This latter property, together with the role of the host microbiota in cancer therapy, necessitates a new perspective. Hence, this review provides an initial approach to understanding NKT cells from an ecological evolutionary developmental biology (eco-evo-devo) perspective.

  11. Natural Killer T Cells: An Ecological Evolutionary Developmental Biology Perspective

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kumar, Amrendra; Suryadevara, Naveenchandra; Hill, Timothy M.; Bezbradica, Jelena S.; Van Kaer, Luc; Joyce, Sebastian

    2017-01-01

    Type I natural killer T (NKT) cells are innate-like T lymphocytes that recognize glycolipid antigens presented by the MHC class I-like protein CD1d. Agonistic activation of NKT cells leads to rapid pro-inflammatory and immune modulatory cytokine and chemokine responses. This property of NKT cells, in conjunction with their interactions with antigen-presenting cells, controls downstream innate and adaptive immune responses against cancers and infectious diseases, as well as in several inflammatory disorders. NKT cell properties are acquired during development in the thymus and by interactions with the host microbial consortium in the gut, the nature of which can be influenced by NKT cells. This latter property, together with the role of the host microbiota in cancer therapy, necessitates a new perspective. Hence, this review provides an initial approach to understanding NKT cells from an ecological evolutionary developmental biology (eco-evo-devo) perspective. PMID:29312339

  12. De Marias e Luizes: experiências devocionais e de gênero numa festa mariana

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Martín, Eloísa

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available O presente artigo parte de uma pesquisa levada a cabo entre 1998 e 2000 na festa da Virgem de Itatí em Corrientes (Argentina. A partir de dois casos, proponho analisar a maneira pela qual as experiências religiosas e de gênero relacionam-se e se constituem mutuamente a través de certas práticas devocionais. Tais práticas, transmitidas e reproduzidas por meio de laços familiares também marcadas por diferenciais de gênero, se processam em termos de um compromisso com a Virgem, mas também com as tradições locais e com os próprios laços de parentesco. Assim, através de certas práticas de devoção, veremos como se aprende a ser, ao mesmo tempo e desde o início, mulher e devota, homem e devoto

  13. Radiation and the regulatory landscape of neo{sup 2}-Darwinism

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rollo, C. David [Department of Biology, Life Sciences Building, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ont., Canada L8S 4K1 (Canada)]. E-mail: rollocd@mcmaster.ca

    2006-05-11

    Several recently revealed features of eukaryotic genomes were not predicted by earlier evolutionary paradigms, including the relatively small number of genes, the very large amounts of non-functional code and its quarantine in heterochromatin, the remarkable conservation of many functionally important genes across relatively enormous phylogenetic distances, and the prevalence of extra-genomic information associated with chromatin structure and histone proteins. All of these emphasize a paramount role for regulatory evolution, which is further reinforced by recent perspectives highlighting even higher-order regulation governing epigenetics and development (EVO-DEVO). Modern neo{sup 2}-Darwinism, with its emphasis on regulatory mechanisms and regulatory evolution provides new vision for understanding radiation biology, particularly because free radicals and redox states are central to many regulatory mechanisms and free radicals generated by radiation mimic and amplify endogenous signalling. This paper explores some of these aspects and their implications for low-dose radiation biology.

  14. Radiation and the regulatory landscape of neo2-Darwinism.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rollo, C David

    2006-05-11

    Several recently revealed features of eukaryotic genomes were not predicted by earlier evolutionary paradigms, including the relatively small number of genes, the very large amounts of non-functional code and its quarantine in heterochromatin, the remarkable conservation of many functionally important genes across relatively enormous phylogenetic distances, and the prevalence of extra-genomic information associated with chromatin structure and histone proteins. All of these emphasize a paramount role for regulatory evolution, which is further reinforced by recent perspectives highlighting even higher-order regulation governing epigenetics and development (EVO-DEVO). Modern neo2-Darwinism, with its emphasis on regulatory mechanisms and regulatory evolution provides new vision for understanding radiation biology, particularly because free radicals and redox states are central to many regulatory mechanisms and free radicals generated by radiation mimic and amplify endogenous signalling. This paper explores some of these aspects and their implications for low-dose radiation biology.

  15. A Semiotic Analysis of the Interface between Evolutionary and Developmental Processes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eugenio Andrade

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available This work proposes the notion of organisms as Evolving Developing Agents (EDA in order to ground an internalist model in which evolution and development are conceived as aspects of a general transformative tendency driven by organism's need to cope with environmental uncertainty. It is shown how the integration Evo/Devo contributes to an expanded evolutionary synthesis that accounts for divergent evolution in terms of development, without disregarding the role of genes and natural selection. However this integration has to be seen as a specific case that contributes to the contextualization of C.S.Peirce's evolutionary ontology founded on three universal categories and six space/time/function relations, as described by Taborsky. The role played by the EDA is characterized by the Secondness as firstness relation for it merges the internal/ external, and individual/population and present/past/ progressive cuts that permeate the discourse of biology.

  16. Natural Killer T Cells: An Ecological Evolutionary Developmental Biology Perspective

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Amrendra Kumar

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Type I natural killer T (NKT cells are innate-like T lymphocytes that recognize glycolipid antigens presented by the MHC class I-like protein CD1d. Agonistic activation of NKT cells leads to rapid pro-inflammatory and immune modulatory cytokine and chemokine responses. This property of NKT cells, in conjunction with their interactions with antigen-presenting cells, controls downstream innate and adaptive immune responses against cancers and infectious diseases, as well as in several inflammatory disorders. NKT cell properties are acquired during development in the thymus and by interactions with the host microbial consortium in the gut, the nature of which can be influenced by NKT cells. This latter property, together with the role of the host microbiota in cancer therapy, necessitates a new perspective. Hence, this review provides an initial approach to understanding NKT cells from an ecological evolutionary developmental biology (eco-evo-devo perspective.

  17. From Nehemiah Grew to Genomics: the emerging field of evo-devo research for woody plants

    Science.gov (United States)

    Andrew Groover; Quentin Cronk

    2013-01-01

    Wood has played a primary role in the evolution of land plants (Spicer and Groover 2010), but our understanding of the genes and mechanisms underlying wood evolution and development has been limited until recently. Importantly, many of the fundamental questions of woody plant evolution and development are now tractable using genomics and high-capacity sequencing...

  18. Eco-evo-devo in the Study of Adaptive Divergence: Examples from Threespine Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jamniczky, Heather A; Barry, Tegan N; Rogers, Sean M

    2015-07-01

    The tight fit between form and function in organisms suggests the influence of adaptive evolution in biomechanics; however, the prevalence of adaptive traits, the mechanisms by which they arise and the corresponding responses to selection are subjects of extensive debate. We used three-dimensional microcomputed tomography and geometric morphometrics to characterize the structure of phenotypic covariance within the G. aculeatus trophic apparatus and its supporting structures in wild and controlled crosses of fish from two different localities. Our results reveal that while the structure of phenotypic covariance is conserved in marine and freshwater forms, it may be disrupted in the progeny of artificial crosses or during rapid adaptive divergence events. We discuss these results within the context of integrating covariance structure with quantitative genetics, toward establishing predictive links between genes, development, biomechanics, and the environment. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology. All rights reserved. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  19. An Evo-Devo perspective on ever-growing teeth in mammals and dental stem cell maintenance

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elodie eRenvoisé

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available A major challenge for current evolutionary and developmental biology research is to understand the evolution of morphogenesis and the mechanisms involved. Teeth are well suited for the investigation of developmental processes. In addition, since teeth are composed of hard-mineralized tissues, primarily apatite, that are readily preserved, the evolution of mammals is well documented through their teeth in the fossil record. Hypsodonty, high crowned teeth with shallow roots, and hypselodonty, ever-growing teeth, are convergent innovations that have appeared multiple times since the mammalian radiation 65 million years ago, in all tooth categories (incisors, canines, premolars and molars. A shift to hypsodonty, or hypselodonty, during mammalian evolution is often, but not necessarily, associated with increasingly abrasive diet during important environmental change events. Although the evolution of hypsodonty and hypselodonty is considered to be the result of heterochrony of development, little has been known about the exact developmental mechanisms at the origin of these morphological traits. Developmental biologists have been intrigued by the mechanism of hypselodonty since it requires the maintenance of continuous crown formation during development via stem cell niche activity. Understanding this mechanism may allow bioengineered tooth formation in humans. Hypsodonty and hypselodonty are thus examples of phenotypic features of teeth that have both impacts in understanding the evolution of mammals and holds promise for human tooth bioengineering.

  20. A festiva devoção no Círio de Nossa Senhora de Nazaré

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Isidoro Alves

    2005-08-01

    Full Text Available NESTE artigo analisa-se o Círio e a Festa de Nossa Senhora de Nazaré como um grande rito coletivo que conjuga aspectos formais e devocionais com a informalidade profana da Festa brasileira. Expressão do catolicismo popular, festividade típica do Estado do Pará, o Círio de Nazaré e os festejos que lhes são próprios englobam elementos nativos que configuram a expressão de uma identidade regional, uma temporalidade particular e uma percepção da ordem e as diferentes formas de contrastá-la.This article analyzes the Círio [candle-lit procession] and the Feast of Our Lady of Nazaré as a great collective rite that combines formal and devotional aspects with the profane informality of a Brazilian festival. As a grass roots manifestation of Catholicism and a typical celebration of the state of Pará, the Círio of Nazaré and attending festivities embrace native elements to express a regional identity, a particular temporality, and a perception of order and differing ways to contrast it.

  1. Leadership requirements for Lean versus servant leadership in health care: a systematic review of the literature

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aij KH

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Kjeld Harald Aij, Sofia Rapsaniotis VU University Medical Center, Division Acute Care and Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Abstract: As health care organizations face pressures to improve quality and efficiency while reducing costs, leaders are adopting management techniques and tools used in manufacturing and other industries, especially Lean. Successful Lean leaders appear to use a coaching leadership style that shares underlying principles with servant leadership. There is little information about specific similarities and differences between Lean and servant leaderships. We systematically reviewed the literature on Lean leadership, servant leadership, and health care and performed a comparative analysis of attributes using Russell and Stone’s leadership framework. We found significant overlap between the two leadership styles, although there were notable differences in origins, philosophy, characteristics and behaviors, and tools. We conclude that both Lean and servant leaderships are promising models that can contribute to the delivery of patient-centered, high-value care. Servant leadership may provide the means to engage and develop employees to become successful Lean leaders in health care organizations. Keywords: management, leadership attributes, efficiency, patient-centered, high-value care

  2. GEOLINGUISTICS: THE LINGUISTIC ATLAS OF PARANÁ

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosa Evangelina de Santana BELLI RODRIGUES

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available The objective of this work is to analyze the methodology adopted by the Linguistic Atlas of Paraná – APLR (AGUILERA, 1990 and to describe its results in relation to other Brazilian atlas. To meet this objective, we first present the modifications, mainly methodological, under gone by Geolinguistics towards a more complete and in depth description of linguistic variation. The Pluridimensional Geolinguistics and Contractual model of Harald Thun (1998 and the Linguistics Atlas of Brazil – ALiB (CARDOSO et all, 2014, published in October, 2014, are presented. It was also necessary to describe, although briefly, the most traditional Geolinguistics research method, characteristic of the ALPR, before referring the text back to Aguilera’s Atlas. After discussing the criteria on which the ALPR was constructed, from choice of informers to the Geolinguistics charts that compose it, as well as its complementation by the ALPR II (ALTINO, 2007, it was possible to analyze the results and relate them to the hypotheses posed by the thesis which gave origin to it.

  3. Medizinhistorische Quellen an Wiener Universitäten

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bauer, Bruno

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available The focus of the current issue 1-2/2017 of GMS Medizin – Bibliothek – Information is on . The authors in this issue are Zuzana Ráczová (Historical Archive of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Harald Albrecht (Medical historic stock of the University Library of the Medical University of Vienna: Nine historic libraries at the Branch Library for Medical History with examples of their stocks and Walter Mentzel (Medical historic stock of the University Library of the Medical University of Vienna. Virtual libraries at the Branch Library for Medical History: Search of evidence.Furthermore this focus issue features articles by Henriette Senst and Katharina Heldt (The role of the library in the research lifecycle using the example of the Robert Koch Institute’s library. A field report, Marta Nadraga (Medical university libraries in Ukraine, Bruno Bauer (The Medical Librarian’s Bibliography 2016; 7 meeting of the AGMB working group of Austrian medical librarians (AGMB.AT at the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna on May 15 2017 and Iris Reimann (German MLA News.

  4. Noncommutative QFT and renormalization

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Grosse, H.; Wulkenhaar, R.

    2006-01-01

    It was a great pleasure for me (Harald Grosse) to be invited to talk at the meeting celebrating the 70th birthday of Prof. Julius Wess. I remember various interactions with Julius during the last years: At the time of my studies at Vienna with Walter Thirring, Julius left already Vienna, I learned from his work on effective chiral Lagrangians. Next we met at various conferences and places like CERN (were I worked with Andre Martin, an old friend of Julius), and we all learned from Julius' and Bruno's creation of supersymmetry, next we realized our common interests in noncommutative quantum field theory and did have an intensive exchange. Julius influenced our perturbative approach to gauge field theories were we used the Seiberg-Witten map after his advice. And finally I lively remember the sad days when during my invitation to Vienna Julius did have the serious heart attack. So we are very happy, that you recovered so well, and we wish you all the best for the forthcoming years. Many happy recurrences. (Abstract Copyright [2006], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

  5. Prospects for versatile phase manipulation in the TEM: Beyond aberration correction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Guzzinati, Giulio; Clark, Laura; Béché, Armand; Juchtmans, Roeland; Van Boxem, Ruben; Mazilu, Michael; Verbeeck, Jo

    2015-01-01

    In this paper we explore the desirability of a transmission electron microscope in which the phase of the electron wave can be freely controlled. We discuss different existing methods to manipulate the phase of the electron wave and their limitations. We show how with the help of current techniques the electron wave can already be crafted into specific classes of waves each having their own peculiar properties. Assuming a versatile phase modulation device is feasible, we explore possible benefits and methods that could come into existence borrowing from light optics where the so-called spatial light modulators provide programmable phase plates for quite some time now. We demonstrate that a fully controllable phase plate building on Harald Rose's legacy in aberration correction and electron optics in general would open an exciting field of research and applications. - Highlights: • We offer a review of available phase manipulation techniques. • We demonstrate a method for producing Airy waves through aberration manipulation. • We outline hypothetical applications of arbitrary phase manipulation methods

  6. La scrittura è terapeutica? Il metodo autobiografico e la composizione del sé

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nicola Ghezzani

    2010-02-01

    Full Text Available Far da sé il proprio ritratto biografico significa, in rapporto a queste alienazioni, sfidare i demoni della compiacenza e della connivenza con l’altro, quindi porre il rifiuto, l’opposizione e quindi il vuoto, il nulla, l’assenza come base sulla quale veder apparire le proprie scene e le proprie passioni. Solo se non devo rispondere di me stesso a nessun altro che a me stesso, io sono nella condizione di cogliermi nella mia delusione fondamentale, nell’opposizione frontale che ho verso il mondo o verso i valori recepiti, nella mia protesta di riscatto dalla soggezione, nelle mie istanze di vendetta, di cui avverto insieme la violenza apocalittica e la colpa morale, quindi posso valutare quanto sono trascinato da passioni, reso nemico agli altri e a me stesso, e quanto posso riequilibrare il mio essere sulla base di una valutazione intima, sentita, ponderata di ogni lato contrapposto della mia identità.

  7. PHYSICS

    CERN Multimedia

    Joe Incandela

    There have been two plenary physics meetings since the December CMS week. The year started with two workshops, one on the measurements of the Standard Model necessary for “discovery physics” as well as one on the Physics Analysis Toolkit (PAT). Meanwhile the tail of the “2007 analyses” is going through the last steps of approval. It is expected that by the end of January all analyses will have converted to using the data from CSA07 – which include the effects of miscalibration and misalignment. January Physics Days The first Physics Days of 2008 took place on January 22-24. The first two days were devoted to comprehensive re¬ports from the Detector Performance Groups (DPG) and Physics Objects Groups (POG) on their planning and readiness for early data-taking followed by approvals of several recent studies. Highlights of POG presentations are included below while the activities of the DPGs are covered elsewhere in this bulletin. January 24th was devo...

  8. Some Problems for Biolinguistics

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Derek Bickerton

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available Biolinguistics will have to face and resolve several problems before it can achieve a pivotal position in the human sciences. Its relationship to the Minimalist Program is ambiguous, creating doubts as to whether it is a genuine subdiscipline or merely another name for a particular linguistic theory. Equally ambiguous is the relationship it assumes between ‘knowledge of language’ and the neural mechanisms that actually construct sentences. The latter issue raises serious questions about the validity of covert syntactic operations. Further problems arise from the attitudes of many biolinguists towards natural selection and evo-devo: The first they misunderstand, the second they both misunderstand and overestimate. One consequence is a one-sided approach to language evolution crucially involving linguistic ‘precursors’ and the protolanguage hypothesis. Most of these problems arise through the identification of biolinguistics with internalist and essentialist approaches to language, thereby simultaneously narrowing its scope and hindering its acceptance by biologists.

  9. Modification and co-option of leaf developmental programs for the acquisition of flat structures in monocots: Unifacial leaves in Juncus and cladodes in Asparagus

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hokuto eNakayama

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available It has been suggested that modification and co-option of existing gene regulatory networks (GRNs play an important role in the morphological diversity. In plants, leaf development is one of active research areas, and the basic GRN for leaf development is beginning to be understood. Moreover, leaves show wide variation in their form, and some of this variation is thought to be the result of adaptation. Thus, leaves and leaf-like organs are an emerging and interesting model to reveal how existing GRNs give rise to novel forms and architectures during evolution. In this review, we highlight recent findings in Evo-Devo studies, especially on Juncus unifacial leaves, which are composed of lamina with abaxialized identities, and Asparagus cladodes, which are leaf-like organs at the axils of scale leaves. Based on these studies, we discuss how flat structures have evolved and morphologically diversified in shoot systems of monocot species, focusing on the modification and co-option of GRN for leaf development.

  10. Perianth evolution in Ranunculaceae: are petals ancestral in the family?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sophie Nadot

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available Progress has been made recently towards the elucidation of phylogenetic relationships among subfamilies and tribes of the Ranunculaceae – the most recent hypothesis was published in 2016 by our team. Although relationships among the 10 tribes of the subfamily Ranunculoideae remain incompletely supported, this hypothesis provides an interesting framework to address the key issue of the ancestral vs. derived nature of a differentiated perianth within the family, and at the level of Ranunculales as a whole. Here, we present ancestral state reconstructions for several perianth characters, such as differentiation into sepals and petals, shape of petals, presence/absence of nectaries, and petaloid or sepaloid aspect of sepals. Characters were scored using the PROTEUS database and optimized on the most recent phylogeny of Ranunculaceae using parsimony and maximum likelihood methods. The results are discussed with regard to recent evo-devo studies focused on identifying genes involved in floral organs identity (the so-called ABC model in Ranunculales.

  11. Identification of genome-specific transcripts in wheat–rye translocation lines

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    Tong Geon Lee

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available Studying gene expression in wheat–rye translocation lines is complicated due to the presence of homeologs in hexaploid wheat and high levels of synteny between wheat and rye genomes (Naranjo and Fernandez-Rueda, 1991 [1]; Devos et al., 1995 [2]; Lee et al., 2010 [3]; Lee et al., 2013 [4]. To overcome limitations of current gene expression studies on wheat–rye translocation lines and identify genome-specific transcripts, we developed a custom Roche NimbleGen Gene Expression microarray that contains probes derived from the sequence of hexaploid wheat, diploid rye and diploid progenitors of hexaploid wheat genome (Lee et al., 2014. Using the array developed, we identified genome-specific transcripts in a wheat–rye translocation line (Lee et al., 2014. Expression data are deposited in the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO under accession number GSE58678. Here we report the details of the methods used in the array workflow and data analysis.

  12. Utilization of whey

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    1979-01-01

    Compositions of wheys from cheesemaking and ultrafiltration are tabulated and some indications of the pollution potential and the cost of disposal of whey are given. The following treatments are described: ion exchange and electrodialysis for demineralization and deacidification; concentration by reverse osmosis, evaporation, spray drying, ''Hatmaker'' (roller) drying, and a drying technique using small Teflon balls; separation of proteins by ''Centri-Whey'' (Alfa-Laval) and ''Bel-Industrie'' heat/acid coagulation, ultrafiltration and other methods; purification and enzymic hydrolysis of lactose, and use of lactose as a substrate for protein biosynthesis by ''Bel'' (lactic acid yeast), ''Devos'' (Saccharomyces yeast) and ''Caliqua-Sireb'' (using fungi) processes. The use of whey for producing ethanol, lactic acid, vinegar, vitamins, antibiotics, enzymes and fats; and development of industrial whey processing in France are reviewed.

  13. Introduction to stochastic analysis and Malliavin calculus

    CERN Document Server

    Prato, Giuseppe

    2014-01-01

    This volume presents an introductory course on differential stochastic equations and Malliavin calculus. The material of the book has grown out of a series of courses delivered at the Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa (and also at the Trento and Funchal Universities) and has been refined over several years of teaching experience in the subject. The lectures are addressed to a reader who is familiar with basic notions of measure theory and functional analysis. The first part is devoted to the Gaussian measure in a separable Hilbert space, the Malliavin derivative, the construction of the Brownian motion and Itô's formula. The second part deals with differential stochastic equations and their connection with parabolic problems. The third part provides an introduction to the Malliavin calculus. Several applications are given, notably the Feynman-Kac, Girsanov and Clark-Ocone formulae, the Krylov-Bogoliubov and Von Neumann theorems. In this third edition several small improvements are added and a new section devo...

  14. Evo-devo, deep homology and FoxP2: implications for the evolution of speech and language

    Science.gov (United States)

    Scharff, Constance; Petri, Jana

    2011-01-01

    The evolution of novel morphological features, such as feathers, involves the modification of developmental processes regulated by gene networks. The fact that genetic novelty operates within developmental constraints is the central tenet of the ‘evo-devo’ conceptual framework. It is supported by findings that certain molecular regulatory pathways act in a similar manner in the development of morphological adaptations, which are not directly related by common ancestry but evolved convergently. The Pax6 gene, important for vision in molluscs, insects and vertebrates, and Hox genes, important for tetrapod limbs and fish fins, exemplify this ‘deep homology’. Recently, ‘evo-devo’ has expanded to the molecular analysis of behavioural traits, including social behaviour, learning and memory. Here, we apply this approach to the evolution of human language. Human speech is a form of auditory-guided, learned vocal motor behaviour that also evolved in certain species of birds, bats and ocean mammals. Genes relevant for language, including the transcription factor FOXP2, have been identified. We review evidence that FoxP2 and its regulatory gene network shapes neural plasticity in cortico-basal ganglia circuits underlying the sensory-guided motor learning in animal models. The emerging picture can help us understand how complex cognitive traits can ‘descend with modification’. PMID:21690130

  15. Quanta 3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kleinknecht, Konrad

    2015-01-01

    ''Quanta 3'' contains the speeches of the general assembly of the Heisenberg society in october 2014 and a speech of Werner Heisenberg about his talks with Albert Einstein, which he has hold in the year 1974 in the Einstein House in Ulm. The speech of Harald Lesch is dedicated to the question, which role plays quantum mechanics in the development of the Universe. In the second speech Karl Jacobs, one of the leading scientists in the ATLAS experiment at CERN, the discovery of the Higgs boson. The Heisenberg Society is dedicated to the mediation of the mental heritage of Werner Heisenberg. He was one of the most important scientists of the 20th century. With his quantum mechanics he opened for us the world of the smallest components of matter, the atoms,nuclei, and elementary particles. It makes also possible the description of the physical properties of molecules, chemical compounds, crystals, solids, and semiconductors and is so the base of the contemporary computer techniques. Heisenberg's discovery of the uncertainty relation has far reaching consequences for natural philosophy ant theory of knowledge and for the development of the cosmos.

  16. End of the nuclear energy era? From Fukushima to the energy policy turnaround; Ende des Atomzeitalters? Von Fukushima in die Energiewende

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Piepenbrink, Johannes (comp.)

    2012-07-01

    Due to a violent earthquake and the resulting tsunami, a core melt down resulted at the nuclear power plant Fukushima Daiichi in Japan. Thus, at 30th June, 2011, the Federal Government decided to complete the utilization of the nuclear power in Germany. Is this the end of the atomic age? Under this aspect, the booklet under consideration consists of the following nine contributions: (1) Why is the ''energy policy turnaround'' a social question? (Harald Welzer); (2) Tsunami in the living room: Catastrophes facilitated by the media (Joerg R. Bergmann); (3) Learning from the catastrophe (Manfred Buerger); (4) Perspectives of the nuclear power in Europe and globally (Lutz Mez); (5) Outsider or leader? The 'model Germany' and the European energy policy (Severin Fischer); (6) 'Energy policy turnaround': Quo vadis? (Hardo Bruhns); (7) Energy policy turnarounds in Germany: Motifs and impacts for the European electricity market (Hans-Jochen Luhmann); (8) A short story of the German anti-nuclear movement (Joachim Radkau); (9) Popularity of the apocalypse: Reflections on the cultural history of the fear against nuclear accidents since 1945 (Philipp Gassert).

  17. Las relaciones entre Chile y Suecia durante el primer gobierno de Olof Palme, 1969-1976

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando Camacho Padilla

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Durante el primer gobierno del socialdemócrata Olof Palme, las relaciones bilaterales entre Chile y Suecia fueron las más intensas de toda su historia, tanto en cercanía como en conflictividad. La razón la encontramos en los distintos fenómenos políticos que vivió Chile en ese periodo, puesto que Palme coincidió temporalmente con tres gobiernos claramente diferenciados: la Democracia Cristiana, la Unidad Popular y el Régimen Militar. Si las relaciones sueco-chilenas tuvieron su mejor momento durante el mandato de Salvador Allende, el golpe de Estado significó todo lo contrario. El compromiso que tuvo el embajador de Suecia, Harald Edelstam, por quienes eran perseguidos en Chile le llevó a su expulsión, lo que se tradujo en un claro deterioro de las relaciones y el inicio de una nueva etapa marcada por el gran contingente de exiliados que comenzaron a llegar a Suecia. Este trabajo analiza los principales acontecimientos diplomáticos ocurridos entre Chile y Suecia así como las consecuencias que tuvieron durante el gobierno de Olof Palme.

  18. Why the short face? Developmental disintegration of the neurocranium drives convergent evolution in neotropical electric fishes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Evans, Kory M; Waltz, Brandon; Tagliacollo, Victor; Chakrabarty, Prosanta; Albert, James S

    2017-03-01

    Convergent evolution is widely viewed as strong evidence for the influence of natural selection on the origin of phenotypic design. However, the emerging evo-devo synthesis has highlighted other processes that may bias and direct phenotypic evolution in the presence of environmental and genetic variation. Developmental biases on the production of phenotypic variation may channel the evolution of convergent forms by limiting the range of phenotypes produced during ontogeny. Here, we study the evolution and convergence of brachycephalic and dolichocephalic skull shapes among 133 species of Neotropical electric fishes (Gymnotiformes: Teleostei) and identify potential developmental biases on phenotypic evolution. We plot the ontogenetic trajectories of neurocranial phenotypes in 17 species and document developmental modularity between the face and braincase regions of the skull. We recover a significant relationship between developmental covariation and relative skull length and a significant relationship between developmental covariation and ontogenetic disparity. We demonstrate that modularity and integration bias the production of phenotypes along the brachycephalic and dolichocephalic skull axis and contribute to multiple, independent evolutionary transformations to highly brachycephalic and dolichocephalic skull morphologies.

  19. Charles Darwin's reputation: how it changed during the twentieth-century and how it may change again.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Amundson, Ron

    2014-01-01

    Charles Darwin died in 1882. During the twentieth century his reputation varied through time, as the scientific foundation of evolutionary theory changed. Beginning the century as an intellectual hero, he soon became a virtual footnote as experimental approaches to evolution began to develop. As the Modern Synthesis developed his reputation began to rise again until eventually he was identified as a founding father of the Modern Synthesis itself. In the meantime, developmental approaches to evolution began to challenge certain aspects of the Modern Synthesis. Synthesis authors attempted to refute the relevance of development by methodological arguments, some of them indirectly credited to Darwin. By the end of the century, molecular genetics had given new life to development approaches to evolution, now called evo devo. This must be seen as a refutation of the aforesaid methodological arguments of the Modern Synthesis advocates. By the way, we can also see now how the historiography that credited Darwin with the Synthesis was in error. In conclusion, one more historical revision is suggested. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  20. There's no language like our language, like no language we know. But how did it evolve?

    CERN Multimedia

    Wim de Geest

    2011-01-01

    Every normal child will rapidly acquire the native language to which it is exposed. It will do so with little teaching or coaching. A chimpanzee will fail to do so. Yet, chimpanzees are closer to humans, in genetic and evolutionary terms, than they are to gorillas. The only obvious and important deficit in the ape’s innate intelligence, as compared with man’s, is a missing faculty for using and understanding language. To determine how humans developed this unique capacity for language is the hardest problem in science. It is this problem the talk will address. The approach will be three pronged. In the first part Wim de Geest will attempt to present a couple of innovative insights made possible by the new Evo-Devo and the modern linguistics perspective. In the second part he shall illustrate what is specific for the human faculty of language in its narrow sense. Human linguistic communication is markedly discrete and recursive, to a degree that is obviously absent in other types ...

  1. A snapshot of the population structure of Branchiostoma lanceolatum in the Racou beach, France, during its spawning season.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yves Desdevises

    Full Text Available A methodology for inducing spawning in captivity of the lancelet Branchiostoma lanceolatum has been developed recently with animals collected at the Racou beach, in the southern coast of France. An increasing amount of laboratories around the world are now working on the evolution of developmental mechanisms (Evo-Devo using amphioxus collected in this site. Thus, today, the development of new aquaculture techniques for keeping amphioxus in captivity is needed and the study of the natural conditions at which amphioxus is exposed in the Racou beach during their spawning season becomes necessary. We have investigated the amphioxus distribution, size frequency, and population structure in the Racou beach during its natural spawning season using multivariate methods (redundancy analysis and multiple regression. We found a clear preference of amphioxus for sandy sites, something that seems to be a general behaviour of different amphioxus species around the world. We have also estimated the amphioxus growth rate and we show how the animals are preferentially localized in shallow waters during April and June.

  2. How necessary is the vasculature in the life of neural stem and progenitor cells? Evidence from evolution, development and the adult nervous system.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    CHRISTOS eKOUTSAKIS

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available Augmenting evidence suggests that such is the functional dependence of neural stem cells (NSCs on the vasculature that they normally reside in perivascular niches. Two examples are the neurovascular and the oligovascular niches of the adult brain, specialized microenvironments where NSCs or oligodendrocyte progenitor cells survive and remain mitotically active in close proximity to blood vessels. In addition, the often observed co-ordination of angiogenesis and neurogenesis led to these processes being described as coupled. Here, we adopt an evo-devo approach to argue that some stages in the life of a NSC, such as specification and commitment, are independent of the vasculature, while stages such as proliferation and migration are largely dependent on blood vessels. We also explore available evidence on the possible involvement of the vasculature in other phenomena such as the diversification of NSCs during evolution and we provide original data on the senescence of NSCs in the subependymal zone stem cell niche. Finally, we will comment on the other side of the story; on how much is the vasculature dependent on NSCs and their progeny.

  3. La Morfología Comparada: el despertar de la Bella Durmiente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Virginia Abdala

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available Comparative Morphology: the revival of the Sleeping Beauty. In this work I share my thoughts about of the climax of the Comparative Morphology contemporaneous with the raising of the german Naturphilosophie. I propose that this epistemological perspective arose as a reaction of the intellectuals against the horrible context in which the anatomical data were obtained: death bodies, organ robberies, plus the socioeconomic crisis in that epoch. I relate the decline of the Comparative Morphology to the preponderance of the genetical and ecological research derived from the Evolutive Theory. The revival of the comparative Morphology occurs with the advent of the Evo Devo research program, that poses important questions about morphology, and the mathematical approach of the morphological studies through the Geometrical Morphology and Ecomorphology. I trace a parallel with the Sleeping Beauty story in which someone remains in a suspended dream as with the Morphology, until the scientific community is ready to pay attention to that person, recognizing that much remains to be discovered by studying the morphology of the living beings.

  4. The Mastodon in the room: how Darwinian is neo-Darwinism?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brooks, Daniel R

    2011-03-01

    Failing to acknowledge substantial differences between Darwinism and neo-Darwinism impedes evolutionary biology. Darwin described evolution as the outcome of interactions between the nature of the organism and the nature of the conditions, each relatively autonomous but both historically and spatially intertwined. Furthermore, he postulated that the nature of the organism was more important than the nature of the conditions, leading to natural selection as an inevitable emergent product of biological systems. The neo-Darwinian tradition assumed a creative rather than selective view of natural selection, with the nature of the organism determined by the nature of the conditions, rendering the nature of the organism and temporal contingency unnecessary. Contemporary advances in biology, specifically the phylogenetics revolution and evo-devo, underscore the significance of history and the nature of the organism in biology. Darwinism explains more biology better, and better resolves apparent anomalies between living systems and more general natural laws, than does neo-Darwinism. The "extended" or "expanded" synthesis currently called for by neo-Darwinians is Darwinism. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  5. Phenomenology of Compositeness at the LHC

    CERN Document Server

    Salvioni, Ennio; Zwirner, Fabio

    The hierarchy problem of the weak scale calls for extensions of the Standard Model at the TeV, and thus within the reach of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). One of the best motivated proposals builds on the idea that the Higgs could be a composite pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson. In this thesis we discuss several topics in the phenomenology of composite Higgs models, concentrating mainly on LHC physics. In Chapter 1 we introduce the hierarchy problem and the essential features of viable theories of compositeness at the TeV scale. Chapter 2 is dedicated to a review of concrete constructions realizing the composite Higgs idea, focusing mostly on models with partial compositeness. In Chapter 3 we present the effective Lagrangians suited for describing the Higgs boson and the constraints placed by electroweak precision tests on their parameters. Motivated by hints in the experimental results, we also reconsider the possibility of custodial breaking in the couplings of the Higgs to the W and Z. Chapter 4 is devo...

  6. Santa Cecília – arte e devoção através da música

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carin Zwilling

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo pretende narrar o percurso de Santa Cecília. Inicia com sua legenda, o desenrolar de sua história real no bairro de Trastevere em Roma, a consagração de sua Basílica, os passos como se tornou oficialmente santa, e como foi nomeada, finalmente, padroeira dos músicos em 1594 pelo Papa Gregório XIII. Com isso inicia-se a história de sua representação na arte: pintura, escultura e música. Dando sequência fazemos um rol dos principais artistas e obras representativas do Renascimento ao Barroco (apogeu de sua representação. E logo, o reavivamento de seu culto pelos pintores Pré-Rafaelitas durante os séculos XIX ao XX pelos pintores e, principalmente, pelos mestres vitralistas.   Um roteiro que se inicia em Roma conforme a Legenda Áurea, se prolonga ao longo do tempo até nossos dias, passando da pintura à escultura, dos mosaicos aos vitrais, para finalmente ver seu culto de padroeira dos músicos ser estabelecido com fervor em diversas igrejas ao redor do mundo católico.

  7. A Religiosidade Trinitária do Povo Goiano (The Religious Faith on Trinity of people from Goiás, Brazil - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2011v9n23p763

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Irene Dias Oliveira

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available Pretende-se, neste artigo, inserir o leitor no universo do catolicismo popular do povo goiano a partir de suas três dimensões: o culto popular à figura de Deus Pai, que em Goiás ganha o nome de Divino Pai Eterno, na cidade de Trindade; a devoção popular à figura de Deus Filho, no culto ao Senhor Bom Jesus dos Passos, na Cidade de Goiás; e por último, no culto ao Espírito Santo, na Festa das Cavalhadas, na cidade de Pirenópolis. Na religiosidade popular sagrado e profano se mesclam no cenário do cerrado goiano do Brasil Central. Na pesquisa realizada percebe-se que o povo goiano não separa sua experiência de fé das experiências do cotidiano em suas devoções populares. O povo do cerrado sabe suspender momentaneamente a dureza do dia-a-dia, mergulhar num estado de graça e dele sair revigorado para enfrentar as vicissitudes que a vida impõe a todos. O panorama religioso goiano é marcado pelas festas apresentadas nesse artigo e por outras que floreiam o calendário secular e religioso local. Palavras chave: Religiosidade popular, Divino Pai Eterno, Senhor Bom Jesus dos Passos, Festa do Divino Abstract This article intends to insert the reader within the universe of popular Catholicism in the state of Goiás in Brazil through three dimensions: the popular cult of God as father which is called in Goiás the Divino Pai Eterno in the city of Trindade; the devotion of the Son called Bom Jesus dos Passos in the city of Goiás and at last, the cult of Holy Spirit as it is shown in the city of Pirinópolis during a festivity known as Festa das Cavalhadas. In central region of Brazil the popular religiosity, the sacred and the profane appear mixed. This research clarifies that people does not separate their faith from their everyday experiences. People from Cerrado land knows both how to suspend temporarily the hardness of daily life and to dive into the state of grace. They come out from that experience fulfilled with the necessary

  8. Energy efficiency. A constant challenge to science and practice. Proceedings. 2. ed.; Energieeffizienz. Eine stete Herausforderung an Wissenschaft und Praxis. Tagungsband

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wagner, Ulrich (ed.)

    2011-07-01

    Within the meeting ''Energy efficiency'' of the Research Center for Energy Economics (Munich, Federal Republic of Germany) from 12th to 13th May, 2011, at the Munich Residenz (Munich, Federal Republic of Germany) the following lectures were presented: (1) Innovation and research for an enhanced energy efficiency - New accents in the energy research politics of the Federal Government (Knut Kuebler); (2) Revolution of efficiency in the monastery St. Ottilien (Wolfgang Mauch); (3) From the maser plan to the local plan of energy utilization (Tobias Schmid); (4) The life cycle approach as a driver for innovative energy contracting (Alfred Gayer); (5) Energy efficiency networks (Anna Gruber); (6) Grid expansion for an enhanced utilization of renewable energies (Martin Fuchs); (7) Storage requirement in the electrical grid; (8) Scenarios for the development of the electromobility in Munich (Stephan Brunnert); (9) Li ion batteries for electrified automobiles - Demands and status (Peter Lamp); (10) Marketing of wind power (Serafin von Roon); (11) Demand side management in non-residential buildings (Johannes Jungwirth); (12) Energy future 2050 (Ulrich Wagner); (13) Decentral and renewable power generation (Ulli Arndt); (14) Electromobility - is that the future? (Markus Lienkamp); (14) Electric power - Reason or solution of the climate problem? (Harald Lesch).

  9. Energy efficiency. A constant challenge to science and practice. Proceedings. 2. ed.; Energieeffizienz. Eine stete Herausforderung an Wissenschaft und Praxis. Tagungsband

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wagner, Ulrich [ed.

    2011-07-01

    Within the meeting ''Energy efficiency'' of the Research Center for Energy Economics (Munich, Federal Republic of Germany) from 12th to 13th May, 2011, at the Munich Residenz (Munich, Federal Republic of Germany) the following lectures were presented: (1) Innovation and research for an enhanced energy efficiency - New accents in the energy research politics of the Federal Government (Knut Kuebler); (2) Revolution of efficiency in the monastery St. Ottilien (Wolfgang Mauch); (3) From the maser plan to the local plan of energy utilization (Tobias Schmid); (4) The life cycle approach as a driver for innovative energy contracting (Alfred Gayer); (5) Energy efficiency networks (Anna Gruber); (6) Grid expansion for an enhanced utilization of renewable energies (Martin Fuchs); (7) Storage requirement in the electrical grid; (8) Scenarios for the development of the electromobility in Munich (Stephan Brunnert); (9) Li ion batteries for electrified automobiles - Demands and status (Peter Lamp); (10) Marketing of wind power (Serafin von Roon); (11) Demand side management in non-residential buildings (Johannes Jungwirth); (12) Energy future 2050 (Ulrich Wagner); (13) Decentral and renewable power generation (Ulli Arndt); (14) Electromobility - is that the future? (Markus Lienkamp); (14) Electric power - Reason or solution of the climate problem? (Harald Lesch).

  10. Californium-252

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1975-01-01

    This meeting constituted the third phase of a project initiated by the Dosimetry Section of the IAEA in 1973. The first step, early in 1973, consisted of the development of a programme for the loan of Cf-252 sources to the Member States in support of education, training and some limited research. To date, 14 institutions in 13 Member States have participated in this loan programme. In August last year, the Agency published an instructional syllabus and laboratory manual authored by Professors Eric J. Hall and Harald H. Rossi of Columbia University (Californium-252 in Teaching and Research, Technical Reports Series No. 159). The appearance of this publication, including guidance on the design and construction of a storage and use facility, was the second phase of this programme aimed at providing some support to potential users in the fields of radiation biology and dosimetry. The objective of the programme's third phase - the convening of an Educational Seminar - was to provide a forum to bring together participants in the Agency's loan programme and experts in various scientific fields. Specifically, the Seminar consisted of a series of expert presentations in spectrometry, activation and prompt gamma analyses, on-stream analysis, dosimetry, health physics, radiology and radiotherapy. (author)

  11. The discovery of the Higgs particle. Or how the universe got its mass. 3. ed.; Die Entdeckung des Higgs-Teilchens. Oder wie das Universum seine Masse bekam

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Lesch, Harald (ed.) [Muenchen Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Astronomie und Astrophysik

    2013-07-01

    Higgs - that is a physicist, a field, a particle. 1964 only the idea of Peter Higgs and some other physicists existed: A theory for specialists of particle physics. Since the 1980th years then in the underground at Geneva the largest machine of mankind was built - consisting of a nearly 27 kilometers long ring tunnel and gigantic detectors. In this enormous facility, called LHC (Large Hadron Collider), particles were accelerated nearly to light velocity. In its collisions they should produce the predicted Higgs particle. Finally in 2012 the detection succeeded - the Higgs particle exists really. And also a Higgs field exists. It penetrates the whole cosmos and mediates to the particles the property of the rest mass. Nearly men have never came to the big bang. And Peter Higgs received 2013 with Francois Englert the Nobel prize of physics. Harald Lesch and his coworkers report from the expensive search for the Higgs particle, the theoretical conditions and consequences for the particle physics. They clarify what it's called ''God particle'' or fears about a black hole arising in the LHC experiment. An exciting narrative about the foundations of our universe and the fascination at the fringe of the recognizable reality.

  12. Pre- and syn-Ross orogenic granitoids at Drake Head and Kartografov Island, Oates Coast, northern Victoria Land, East Antarctica

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Adams, C.J.; Roland, N.W.

    2002-01-01

    The majority of the Oates Coast, northern Victoria Land granitoids, typified by those at Drake Head and Kartografov Island (Harald Bay), are monzogranites with lesser granodiorites and minor quartz-monzodiorite and syenogranite. All are plagioclase-K-feldspar-biotite granitoids with additional muscovite, garnet and/or hornblende, and are subalkaline and peraluminous. Berg Granite typifies the early Ordovician, Granite Harbour Instrusive (GHI) suite of the Ross Orogen at the Oates Coast. Granitoids from Kartografov Island have higher amounts of Fe+Mg+Ti and an ambiguous Rb-Sr geochronology: they could be either pre-Ross Orogeny in age, or syn-Ross Orogeny and representing a lower structural level of GHI. The Drake Head granite gneiss has a fractionated leuco-granite composition similar to Berg Granite, and is intruded by granite and granodiorite. Rb-Sr ages indicate that all are Neoproterozoic, although the granite gneiss result is probably an errorchron age, reflecting its less uniform nature (granodiorite:649 ± 30 Ma, initial ratio 0.7065 +/- 6; granite gneiss: 682 ± 140 Ma, initial ratio 0.7107 ± 50). These late Neoproterozoic granitoids provide a source for distinctive detrital zircon age components in extensive early Paleozoic turbidites of Australia-New Zealand-Antarctica. (author). 24 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab

  13. Put a tiger in your tank: the polyclad flatworm Maritigrella crozieri as a proposed model for evo-devo

    OpenAIRE

    Lapraz, François; Rawlinson, Kate A; Girstmair, Johannes; Tomiczek, Bartłomiej; Berger, Jürgen; Jékely, Gáspár; Telford, Maximilian J; Egger, Bernhard

    2013-01-01

    Polyclad flatworms are an early branching clade within the rhabditophoran Platyhelminthes. They provide an interesting system with which to explore the evolution of development within Platyhelminthes and amongst Spiralia (Lophotrochozoa). Unlike most other flatworms, polyclads undergo spiral cleavage (similar to that seen in some other spiralian taxa), they are the only free-living flatworms where development via a larval stage occurs, and they are the only flatworms in which embryos can be r...

  14. Interacionismo simbólico: raizes, críticas e perspectivas atuais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Amélia Siegel Correa

    2017-08-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo analisa o interacionismo simbólico sob uma perspectiva de longo prazo, partindo de suas origens pragmáticas, passando pelas críticas que recebeu até suas perspectivas atuais, com a revitalização da tradição. O fio que costura a análise vem do próprio pragmatismo e de uma leitura mais problematizada feita dessa origem. Esboçado esse plano geral, devo mencionar que a intenção não é tratar nenhum autor em especial, (com a exceção de Blumer na primeira parte, afinal, é unânime a sua paternidade no interacionismo. O propósito foi observar o movimento de uma perspectiva mais ampla, tanto de tempo quanto de produção, vinculando, sempre que possível, com o contexto histórico e com o campo da sociologia norte americana, em especial com o funcionalismo parsoniano. Sempre que possível, privilegiei textos que não existem em português,  como forma de ir um pouco além das discussões mais conhecidas que temos sobre o interacionismo.

  15. Patterns of glycogen turnover in liver characterized by computer modeling

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Youn, J.H.; Bergman, R.N.

    1987-01-01

    The authors used a computer model of liver glycogen turnover to reexamine the data of Devos and Hers, who reported the time course of accumulation in and loss from glycogen of label originating in [1- 14 C]galactose injected at different times after the start of refeeding of 40-h fasted mice or rats. In the present study computer representation of individual glycogen molecules was utilized to account for growth and degradation of glycogen according to specific hypothetical patterns. Using this model they could predict the accumulation and localization within glycogen of labeled glucose residues and compare the predictions with the previously published data. They considered three specific hypotheses of glycogen accumulation during refeeding: (1) simultaneous, (2) sequential, and (3) accelerating growth. Hypothetical patterns of glycogen degradation were (1) ordered and (2) random degradation. The pattern of glycogen synthesis consistent with experimental data was a steadily increasing number of growing glycogen molecules, whereas during degradation glycogen molecules are exposed to degrading enzymes randomly, rather than in a specific reverse order of synthesis. These patterns predict the existence of a specific mechanism for the steadily increasing seeding of new glycogen molecules during synthesis

  16. The dawn of chelonian research: turtles between comparative anatomy and embryology in the 19th century.

    Science.gov (United States)

    MacCord, Kate; Caniglia, Guido; Moustakas-Verho, Jacqueline E; Burke, Ann C

    2015-05-01

    Many evo-devo studies of the turtle's shell draw hypotheses and support from historical sources. The groundbreaking works of Cuvier, Geoffroy St. Hilaire, Carus, Rathke, Owen, and others are being revived in modern research, and their centuries-old understanding of the turtle's shell reconsidered. In the works of these eminent biologists of the 19th century, comparative anatomy and embryology of turtle morphology set the stage for future studies in developmental biology, histology, and paleontology. Given the impact that these works still make on modern research, it is important to develop a thorough appreciation of previous authors, regarding how they arrived at their conclusions (i.e., what counted as evidence?), whether there was debate amongst these authors about shell development (i.e., what counted as an adequate explanation?), and even why these men, some of the most powerful and influential thinkers and anatomists of their day, were concerned with turtles. By tracing and exposing the context and content of turtle shell studies in history, our aim is to inform modern debates about the evolution and development of the turtle's shell. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  17. Foreword

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alan Burns

    2014-06-01

    benefits greatly from having the name and reputation of Schloss Dagstuhl behind it.The volume of research material produced world-wide relating to embedded systems has lead to the spawning of many conferences and workshops, special issues and focused publications. In LITES we intend to cater for the broadest collection of relevant topics. We currently have subject editors to cover: the design, implementation, verification, and testing of embedded hardware and software systems; the theoretical foundations; single-core, multi-processor and networked architectures and their energy consumption and predictability properties; reliability and fault tolerance; security properties; applications in the avionics, automotive, telecommunication, medical and production domains; cyber-physical systems; high performance and real-time embedded systems; and hybrid systems. This is an impressive list, but it is not exhaustive. New areas will emerge and new editors will be appointed.LITES obtains its governance from EDAA (European Design and Automation Association and EMSIG (Embedded Systems Special Interest Group as a joint endeavour with Schloss Dagstuhl. EDAA/EMSIG appoint the Editor-in-Chief (EiC and the subject area editors. The terms for editors is four years, renewable once. All editorial work is done voluntarily.The first few issues of the journal will contain standard papers that have been through the review process. Later, comments on previously published papers will be allowed and commentaries included that will help the reader trace forward the influence of each paper. Comments will be reviewed; commentaries will just need to be passed by the EiC. I hope that as a reader you will find the papers in this journal of interest and often inspirational. As a researcher I hope you will consider it as a worthy place to entrust your work. All the editorial team will work towards building up the reputation of the journal. I hope the community at large will be part of that journey.I am proud

  18. Smart Energy 2012. How smart is the way towards the turnaround in the energy policy; Smart Energy 2012. Wie smart ist der Weg zur Energiewende?

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Grossmann, Uwe; Kunold, Ingo (eds.)

    2012-07-01

    The contribution under consideration contains fifteen contributions of well-known authors from commercial enterprises, public institutions and universities on smart energy: (1) Smart grids, but surely (Claudia Eckert); (2) Requirements concerning the further development of data protection and data security as part of the technological change (Reinhold Harnisch); (3) Standardization in the smart grid (Harald Orlamuender); (4) IEC 61850 - The standard for energy automation (Georg Harnischmacher); (5) Smart City, the intelligent grid in the city (Michael Laskowski); (6) IKT is a basis for a real smart power distribution system (Justus Bross); (7) Power transparency and optimized building optimization by means of a holistic automation concepts (Joerg Wollert); (8) Distributed architecture for a balancing aggregation of consumption and generation of power in private households (Kilian Hemmeboehle); (9) Development of an e-energy market place and first experiences from the field test in the E-DeMa project (Bernd Werner); (10) Smart metering rollout pilot ''30,000er'' (Axel Lauterkorn); (11) Experiences with the connexion and communication to smart meters in the project eTelligence (Guenter Pistoor); (12) Smart Phoenix - Intelligent energy networks in Dortmund (Roland Brueggemann); (13) Smart planning (C. Engels); Intelligent house control by means of smart metering (Sabine Wieland); (14) Dynamic billing of energy and value-added service in the networked home (Frank C. Bormann).

  19. NIMS and Empa announce STAM collaboration

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yoshida, Toyonobu; Krug, Harald F.

    2014-02-01

    In January 2014, the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa) joined the National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) in collaborative activities on Science and Technology of Advanced Materials (STAM). STAM was founded in 2000. In 2005 NIMS took over the management of its peer review and financial systems, resulting in a continuous rise of the impact of the journal. Empa will provide further support for the editorial management of STAM. In particular, it will establish a European office in Switzerland and reinforce the Editorial Board. From this point of view, I am pleased and excited to have new colleagues from Empa on our Editorial Board, and I believe that this collaboration will bring us a remarkable improvement in the international visibility of STAM and increase the number of paper submissions from Europe. It will expand the topics covered in the journal from traditional fields of materials science with a focus on energy and environmental issues to medical and bioengineering applications, where Empa has a significant expertise. I firmly believe that Empa's participation in publishing STAM will reinforce its position as an open-access journal with a global audience. Together with my colleagues, Yoshio Sakka (NIMS) and Shu Yamaguchi (University of Tokyo), I welcome Harald F Krug as the new Co-Editor-in-Chief of STAM. I am also pleased to learn that the year 2014 not only marks the 15th anniversary of STAM, but also the 150th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Japan and Switzerland. Toyonobu Yoshida Advances in materials science are key for the sustainable development of our society. That is why, starting from January 2014, Empa, the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, have engaged in an entirely new field of activity: scientific publishing. As mentioned above, Empa joined NIMS in the publishing of STAM. We have a clear-cut goal in mind: we want to support our sister

  20. Looking Beyond the Genes: The Interplay Between Signaling Pathways and Mechanics in the Shaping and Diversification of Epithelial Tissues.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Urdy, S; Goudemand, N; Pantalacci, S

    2016-01-01

    The core of Evo-Devo lies in the intuition that the way tissues grow during embryonic development, the way they sustain their structure and function throughout lifetime, and the way they evolve are closely linked. Epithelial tissues are ubiquitous in metazoans, covering the gut and internal branched organs, as well as the skin and its derivatives (ie, teeth). Here, we discuss in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies on epithelial tissues to illustrate the conserved, dynamical, and complex aspects of their development. We then explore the implications of the dynamical and nonlinear nature of development on the evolution of their size and shape at the phenotypic and genetic levels. In rare cases, when the interplay between signaling and mechanics is well understood at the cell level, it is becoming clear that the structure of development leads to covariation of characters, an integration which in turn provides some predictable structure to evolutionary changes. We suggest that such nonlinear systems are prone to genetic drift, cryptic genetic variation, and context-dependent mutational effects. We argue that experimental and theoretical studies at the cell level are critical to our understanding of the phenotypic and genetic evolution of epithelial tissues, including carcinomas. © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  1. A (reinvenção de uma tradição religiosa e a sociabilidade do Congado no interior de Minas Gerais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mauro Passos

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available O que significa a festa do Congado numa cidade do interior de Minas Gerais? Momento raro para se vivenciar o sagrado? Devoção a Nossa Senhora do Rosário? Mais que uma tradição religiosa, é a festa do povo. É uma expressão religiosa carregada de emoção, celebrações e sociabilidade. Este artigo faz um estudo sobre o Congado e analisa o significado da religiosidade popular – sua história, seus rituais e suas tradições. Alicerçadas em elementos místicos, as tradições populares integram o natural, o social e o sagrado. Foram utilizados os procedimentos metodológicos da história oral, através de um conjunto de depoimentos. A religiosidade popular integra-se com a cultura brasileira, por isso, seu estudo é um importante instrumento para a compreensão das raízes culturais e históricas do povo brasileiro. Cultura e religião integram-se no imaginário religioso. Os símbolos católicos, particularmente, marcam lugar, mas se adaptam, pois o Congado é uma tradição (reinventada, mesclado com rituais católicos.

  2. CERKL knockdown causes retinal degeneration in zebrafish.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marina Riera

    Full Text Available The human CERKL gene is responsible for common and severe forms of retinal dystrophies. Despite intense in vitro studies at the molecular and cellular level and in vivo analyses of the retina of murine knockout models, CERKL function remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to approach the developmental and functional features of cerkl in Danio rerio within an Evo-Devo framework. We show that gene expression increases from early developmental stages until the formation of the retina in the optic cup. Unlike the high mRNA-CERKL isoform multiplicity shown in mammals, the moderate transcriptional complexity in fish facilitates phenotypic studies derived from gene silencing. Moreover, of relevance to pathogenicity, teleost CERKL shares the two main human protein isoforms. Morpholino injection has been used to generate a cerkl knockdown zebrafish model. The morphant phenotype results in abnormal eye development with lamination defects, failure to develop photoreceptor outer segments, increased apoptosis of retinal cells and small eyes. Our data support that zebrafish Cerkl does not interfere with proliferation and neural differentiation during early developmental stages but is relevant for survival and protection of the retinal tissue. Overall, we propose that this zebrafish model is a powerful tool to unveil CERKL contribution to human retinal degeneration.

  3. Complex dynamics in the development of the first tarsal segment of Drosophila melanogaster

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Nicolas Malagon

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available Gene, protein and cell interactions are vital for the development of a multicellular organism. As a result, complexity theory can be a fundamental tool to understand how diverse developmental and evolutionary processes occur. However, in most scientific programs these two fields are separated. In an effort to create a connection between the Evo-devo and complexity science, this article shows how the cell dynamics of epithelia can display behaviours with similar features to complex systems. Here, I propose that these cell dynamics, in addition to control cell density in epithelia, can provide high evolvability to this type of tissue. To achieve this goal, I used a as a systems the development of Drosophila melanogaster front legs. First, I provide an example in which order at the tissue level emerge from apparently random cell dynamics. Then, I show that small modifications in epithelial cellular components can produce highly organized or the opposite random cell dynamics. Therefore, this work shows that a developing epithelium displays signs of complex behaviours and I propose that the feedback between tension and cellular processes are key for understanding how multicellular organisms development and evolve. Such studies may reveal the mechanistic basis of complex processes that bridge several levels of organization.

  4. Applying Evolutionary Genetics to Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment

    Science.gov (United States)

    Leung, Maxwell C. K.; Procter, Andrew C.; Goldstone, Jared V.; Foox, Jonathan; DeSalle, Robert; Mattingly, Carolyn J.; Siddall, Mark E.; Timme-Laragy, Alicia R.

    2018-01-01

    Evolutionary thinking continues to challenge our views on health and disease. Yet, there is a communication gap between evolutionary biologists and toxicologists in recognizing the connections among developmental pathways, high-throughput screening, and birth defects in humans. To increase our capability in identifying potential developmental toxicants in humans, we propose to apply evolutionary genetics to improve the experimental design and data interpretation with various in vitro and whole-organism models. We review five molecular systems of stress response and update 18 consensual cell-cell signaling pathways that are the hallmark for early development, organogenesis, and differentiation; and revisit the principles of teratology in light of recent advances in high-throughput screening, big data techniques, and systems toxicology. Multiscale systems modeling plays an integral role in the evolutionary approach to cross-species extrapolation. Phylogenetic analysis and comparative bioinformatics are both valuable tools in identifying and validating the molecular initiating events that account for adverse developmental outcomes in humans. The discordance of susceptibility between test species and humans (ontogeny) reflects their differences in evolutionary history (phylogeny). This synthesis not only can lead to novel applications in developmental toxicity and risk assessment, but also can pave the way for applying an evo-devo perspective to the study of developmental origins of health and disease. PMID:28267574

  5. The bald and the beautiful: hairlessness in domestic dog breeds

    Science.gov (United States)

    Harris, Alexander; Dreger, Dayna L.; Davis, Brian W.; Ostrander, Elaine A.

    2017-01-01

    An extraordinary amount of genomic variation is contained within the chromosomes of domestic dogs, manifesting as dramatic differences in morphology, behaviour and disease susceptibility. Morphology, in particular, has been a topic of enormous interest as biologists struggle to understand the small window of dog domestication from wolves, and the division of dogs into pure breeding, closed populations termed breeds. Many traits related to morphology, including body size, leg length and skull shape, have been under selection as part of the standard descriptions for the nearly 400 breeds recognized worldwide. Just as important, however, are the minor traits that have undergone selection by fanciers and breeders to define dogs of a particular appearance, such as tail length, ear position, back arch and variation in fur (pelage) growth patterns. In this paper, we both review and present new data for traits associated with pelage including fur length, curl, growth, shedding and even the presence or absence of fur. Finally, we report the discovery of a new gene associated with the absence of coat in the American Hairless Terrier breed. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Evo-devo in the genomics era, and the origins of morphological diversity’. PMID:27994129

  6. Evo-Devo insights from pathological networks: exploring craniosynostosis as a developmental mechanism for modularity and complexity in the human skull.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Esteve-Altava, Borja; Rasskin-Gutman, Diego

    2015-07-20

    Bone fusion has occurred repeatedly during skull evolution in all tetrapod lineages, leading to a reduction in the number of bones and an increase in their morphological complexity. The ontogeny of the human skull includes also bone fusions as part of its normal developmental process. However, several disruptions might cause premature closure of cranial sutures (craniosynostosis), reducing the number of bones and producing new skull growth patterns that causes shape changes. Here, we compare skull network models of a normal newborn with different craniosynostosis conditions, the normal adult stage, and phylogenetically reconstructed forms of a primitive tetrapod, a synapsid, and a placental mammal. Changes in morphological complexity of newborn-to-synostosed skulls are two to three times less than in newborn-to-adult; and even smaller when we compare them to the increases among the reconstructed ancestors in the evolutionary transitions. In addition, normal, synostosed, and adult human skulls show the same connectivity modules: facial and cranial. Differences arise in the internal structure of these modules. In the adult skull the facial module has an internal hierarchical organization, whereas the cranial module has a regular network organization. However, all newborn forms, normal and synostosed, do not reach such kind of internal organization. We conclude that the subtle changes in skull complexity at the developmental scale can change the modular substructure of the newborn skull to more integrated modules in the adult skull, but is not enough to generate radical changes as it occurs at a macroevolutionary scale. The timing of closure of craniofacial sutures, together with the conserved patterns of morphological modularity, highlights a potential relation between the premature fusion of bones and the evolution of the shape of the skull in hominids.

  7. On Functional Potential of Interrogative Structures in Academic Linguistic Discourse

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sergey Trofimovich Nefedov

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available The paper deals with the language of scientific communication in the field of linguistics, namely, with the functional potential of the interrogative structures in the form of direct and embedded questions. From a pragmatic perspective the interrogative structures does not seem to be compatible with the contexts of scientific interaction: scientists do not ask for information, but they offer their own solutions for the problem situations. This is reflected in the extremely low frequency of questions in academic research articles and monographs. Their text frequency works out a little over 2 % of the total number of the text predications and that of direct questions is about 1 %. Therefore, their place in verbalization of scientific knowledge in linguistics is metaphorically characterized in this article as «interrogative prohibition» by analogy with the «prohibitions» of Harald Weinrich who introduced several notions point to rarely used linguistic units: «prohibition of authorization» – das «Ich-Verbot», «narrative prohibition» – das «Erzähl-Verbot»; «prohibition of metaphors»– das «MetaphernVerbot». In its turn, low frequency makes the analyzed structures an effective tool to formulate the discussed problems, enables further argumentation, integrate the current text into overall linguistic discourse, control the development of the argumentation in scientific text and finally to draw the recipient's attention to a crucial or unexpected argument.

  8. Monument protection and energy conservation. Status quo five years after the EnEV 2007; Denkmalschutz und Energieeinsparung. Stand der Dinge fuenf Jahre nach der EnEV 2007

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2012-11-01

    The meeting ''Monument conservation and energy conservation'' at 9th February 2012 in Wiesbaden (Federal Republic of Germany) focuses on the status quo five years after the revised version of the Energy Saving Ordinance (EnEV) in the year 2007. Within this meeting the following lectures were held: (1) Monument conservation and energy conservation - Status Quo five years after the EnEV 2007 (Roswitha Kaiser); (2) Interior insulation with exterior hydrophic treatment - material appropriate and monument appropriate? (Anatol Worch, Michael Auras); (3) Hints regarding to planning, execution and quality assurance of a subsequent core insulation (Heinrich Wigger, Kerstin Stoelken, Britta Schreiber); (4) Comparison of different interior insulation materials (Rudolf Platte); (5) Urban structural energy study Winterthur (Reto Bieli); (6) Remodelling of an industrial plant protected as a historical monument - Historical window systems, exposed masonry and modern installations (Andr Kramm, Marcel Kremer); (7) Model project - Facade insulation with VIP panels at a Ernst-May building protected as a historical building in Frankfurt (Main) (Juergen Werner); (8) The former tax office Wiesbaden - Energetic strengthening (Klaus Daniels); (9) House of the Evangelical Church in Wiesbaden - Energetic strengthening of the facades (Dominik Loh); (10) Conservation versus comfort and energy demand - Potentials of optimization by means of a targeting controlled operation of plant-technical systems in a historical monument (Harald Garrecht); (11) Energy efficient construction - Compound insulation materials as a disposal problem for dismantling and renovation (Ulrich Langer, Thomas Egloffstein).

  9. Summary of a GAMBIT Club Workshop on Gas Migration in Bentonite. A Report produced for the GAMBIT Club

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rodwell, W.R.

    2005-11-01

    In order to review the status of understanding of gas migration in bentonite, and particularly the experimental data that provides the basis for such understanding as exists, the GAMBIT Club organised a workshop of invited participants that was held in Madrid during 29-30 October 2003. (The GAMBIT Club is a consortium of radioactive waste management agencies: SKB, ANDRA, Enresa, JNC, Nagra, and Posiva.) The motivation for the workshop was the difficulty found in developing models of gas migration in bentonite because of lack of detailed characterisation of its mechanism and controlling parameters. This report provides a summary of the presentations made at the workshop and of the discussions that took place. Copies of the slides presented are provided in the appendix. The titles of the presentations are: Overview of Current Status of Experimental Knowledge and Understanding of Gas migration in Bentonite (William Rodwell); Summary of GAMBIT Club Modelling of Gas Migration in Compacted Bentonite (William Rodwell); A Capillarity/advection Model for Gas Break-through Pressures (Marolo Alfaro, Jim Graham); Recent Experiments by JNC on Gas Migration in Bentonite (Kenji Tanai, Mikihiko Yamamoto); Gas Flow in Clays: Experimental Data Leading to Two-phase and Preferential-path Modelling (Eduardo Alonso); Gas Movement in MX80 Bentonite under Constant Volume Conditions (Jon Harrington, Steve Horseman); Some Practical Observations on Gas Flow in Clays and Clay-rich Rocks (Steve Horseman, Jon Harrington); Early Large-scale Experiments on Gas Break-through Pressures in Clay based Materials (Harald Hoekmark)

  10. Summary of a GAMBIT Club Workshop on Gas Migration in Bentonite. A Report produced for the GAMBIT Club

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rodwell, W.R. [Serco Assurance, Risley (GB)] (ed.)

    2005-11-15

    In order to review the status of understanding of gas migration in bentonite, and particularly the experimental data that provides the basis for such understanding as exists, the GAMBIT Club organised a workshop of invited participants that was held in Madrid during 29-30 October 2003. (The GAMBIT Club is a consortium of radioactive waste management agencies: SKB, ANDRA, Enresa, JNC, Nagra, and Posiva.) The motivation for the workshop was the difficulty found in developing models of gas migration in bentonite because of lack of detailed characterisation of its mechanism and controlling parameters. This report provides a summary of the presentations made at the workshop and of the discussions that took place. Copies of the slides presented are provided in the appendix. The titles of the presentations are: Overview of Current Status of Experimental Knowledge and Understanding of Gas migration in Bentonite (William Rodwell); Summary of GAMBIT Club Modelling of Gas Migration in Compacted Bentonite (William Rodwell); A Capillarity/advection Model for Gas Break-through Pressures (Marolo Alfaro, Jim Graham); Recent Experiments by JNC on Gas Migration in Bentonite (Kenji Tanai, Mikihiko Yamamoto); Gas Flow in Clays: Experimental Data Leading to Two-phase and Preferential-path Modelling (Eduardo Alonso); Gas Movement in MX80 Bentonite under Constant Volume Conditions (Jon Harrington, Steve Horseman); Some Practical Observations on Gas Flow in Clays and Clay-rich Rocks (Steve Horseman, Jon Harrington); Early Large-scale Experiments on Gas Break-through Pressures in Clay based Materials (Harald Hoekmark)

  11. Analysis of Vector Models in Quantification of Artifacts Produced by Standard Prosthetic Inlays in Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT – a Preliminary Study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ingrid Różyło-Kalinowska

    2014-11-01

    Full Text Available Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT is a relatively new, but highly efficient imaging method applied first in dentistry in 1998. However, the quality of the obtained slices depends among other things on artifacts generated by dental restorations as well as orthodontic and prosthetic appliances. The aim of the study was to quantify the artifacts produced by standard prosthetic inlays in CBCT images. The material consisted of 17 standard prosthetic inlays mounted in dental roots embedded in resin. The samples were examined by means of a large field of view CBCT unit, Galileos (Sirona, Germany, at 85 kV and 14 mAs. The analysis was performed using Able 3DDoctor software for data in the CT raster space as well as by means of Materialise Magics software for generated vector models (STL. The masks generated in the raster space included the area of the inlays together with image artifacts. The region of interest (ROI of the raster space is a set of voxels from a selected range of Hounsfield units (109-3071. Ceramic inlay with zirconium dioxide (Cera Post as well as epoxy resin inlay including silica fibers enriched with zirconium (Easy Post produced the most intense artifacts. The smallest image distortions were created by titanium inlays, both passive (Harald Nordin and active (Flexi Flange. Inlays containing zirconium generated the strongest artifacts, thus leading to the greatest distortions in the CBCT images. Carbon fiber inlay did not considerably affect the image quality.

  12. Brain asymmetry in the white matter making and globularity

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Constantina eTheofanopoulou

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available Recent studies from the field of language genetics and evolutionary anthropology have put forward the hypothesis that the emergence of our species-specific brain is to be understood not in terms of size, but in light of developmental changes that gave rise to a more globular braincase configuration after the split from Neanderthals-Denisovans. On the grounds that (i white matter myelination is delayed relative to other brain structures and in humans is protracted compared with other primates and (ii neural connectivity is linked genetically to our brain/skull morphology and language-ready brain, I take it that one significant evolutionary change in Homo sapiens’ lineage is the interhemispheric connectivity mediated by the Corpus Callosum. The size, myelination and fiber caliber of the Corpus Callosum presents an anterior-to-posterior increase, in a way that inter-hemispheric connectivity is more prominent in the sensory motor areas, whereas high- order areas are more intra-hemispherically connected. Building on evidence from language-processing studies that account for this asymmetry (‘lateralization’ in terms of brain rhythms, I present an evo-devo hypothesis according to which the myelination of the Corpus Callosum, Brain Asymmetry and Globularity are conjectured to make up the angles of a co-evolutionary triangle that gave rise to our language-ready brain.

  13. The extended evolutionary synthesis: its structure, assumptions and predictions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Laland, Kevin N.; Uller, Tobias; Feldman, Marcus W.; Sterelny, Kim; Müller, Gerd B.; Moczek, Armin; Jablonka, Eva; Odling-Smee, John

    2015-01-01

    Scientific activities take place within the structured sets of ideas and assumptions that define a field and its practices. The conceptual framework of evolutionary biology emerged with the Modern Synthesis in the early twentieth century and has since expanded into a highly successful research program to explore the processes of diversification and adaptation. Nonetheless, the ability of that framework satisfactorily to accommodate the rapid advances in developmental biology, genomics and ecology has been questioned. We review some of these arguments, focusing on literatures (evo-devo, developmental plasticity, inclusive inheritance and niche construction) whose implications for evolution can be interpreted in two ways—one that preserves the internal structure of contemporary evolutionary theory and one that points towards an alternative conceptual framework. The latter, which we label the ‘extended evolutionary synthesis' (EES), retains the fundaments of evolutionary theory, but differs in its emphasis on the role of constructive processes in development and evolution, and reciprocal portrayals of causation. In the EES, developmental processes, operating through developmental bias, inclusive inheritance and niche construction, share responsibility for the direction and rate of evolution, the origin of character variation and organism–environment complementarity. We spell out the structure, core assumptions and novel predictions of the EES, and show how it can be deployed to stimulate and advance research in those fields that study or use evolutionary biology. PMID:26246559

  14. Why human being cannot be like a worm? Wilfred Bion and the transindividual

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Felice Cimatti

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Domanda. Se il paziente sa quello che sta facendo, e lei sa perché lo sta facendo, perché interpretare quello che sta facendo anziché chiedergli perché lo fa? Bion. Questo è un altro mistero. Perché non trasferirlo direttamente da lui stesso a lui stesso? Perché è necessaria una persona esterna? Perché l’essere umano non può essere come un lombrico? Perché avere un partner? Perché non avere una vita sessuale con sé stessi senza altre seccature? Perché non si può avere una relazione direttamente con sé stessi senza l’intervento di una specie di levatrice mentale o fisica? Pare che abbiamo bisogno di “rimbalzare” su un’altra persona, di avere qualcosa che rifletta indietro quello che diciamo prima che esso possa diventare comprensibile (Bion, 1984b, p. 59. Per sapere chi sono io devo chiederlo a te. Quindi la mia essenza è fuori di me. Tu, gli altri, siete il ‘mio’ segreto. La natura eccentrica dell’animale umano viene percorsa attraverso una riflessione sull’opera dello psicoanalista Wilfred Bion. Avendo in mente una domanda finale: se io sono tu, l’Io – propriamente - non esiste. Allora è un impostore? C’è un modo per essere io che non sia fittizio?

  15. DE HENSLOW A HOOKER: DARWIN Y LOS INICIOS DEL PENSAMIENTO EVOLUTIVO EN BOTÁNICA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Favio Antonio Gonzalez Garavito

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available La obra de Darwin es con frecuencia asociada a diversas especies animales (p. ej. Sulloway, 1982, incluído el ser humano. Aunque estas contribuciones fueron importantes en la revolución darwiniana, su obra botánica (Fig. 1 no ha sido analizada con la misma frecuencia o énfasis, a pesar de que en ella se encuentra una gran cantidad de evidencia empírica para la teoría evolutiva. El presente artículo destaca la obra botánica de Darwin, principalmente en conexión con dos autores, uno de ellos su profesor en Cambridge, reverendo John Steven Henslow (1796-1861, y el otro su colega y amigo en Kew, Joseph Dalton Hooker (1817-1911, y con la incorporación de la teoría evolutiva en la botánica de la segunda mitad del S. XIX y de los comienzos del S. XX. Al mismo tiempo, se resalta el influjo que tuvieron las teorías darwinistas en el pensamiento biológico en otros países, y en el desarrollo y consolidación, como disciplinas modernas, de la fitogeografía, la biología reproductiva, la sistemática botánica y finalmente, la genética evolutiva del desarrollo (evo-devo en plantas.

  16. Epigenética, conceptualización y alcance epistémico

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Quintero, Fabián

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available La epigenética, concepción frecuentemente atribuida a Corad Waddington (1905-1975, ha estado estrechamente relacionada a una lucha en el campo intelectual por más de dos mil años. Postulada por Aristóteles bajo la denominación de epigénesis, en oposición a la concepción biológica preformacionista de Demócrito, ha ido variando en sus contenidos y alcances en consonancia con el desarrollo del conocimiento científico. En la actualidad la epigenética se presenta en la literatura científica como un concepto con rasgos polisémicos y escasa integración conceptual. Sin embargo, la gran amplitud de fenómenos biológicos que abarca y la magnitud de la producción científica involucrada hacen necesario un nuevo acercamiento que integre ecología, evolución y desarrollo (eco-evo-devo. Se propone en este sentido conceptualizar la epigenética desde una perspectiva adaptativa, que implica la inclusión de mecanismos epigenéticos transgeneracionales o darwinianos, dependiendo del nivel de integración que se analice. Esto permitiría integrar conceptos y resolver contradicciones en áreas de la biología funcional y evolutiva.

  17. Implications of duplicated cis-regulatory elements in the evolution of metazoans: the DDI model or how simplicity begets novelty.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jiménez-Delgado, Senda; Pascual-Anaya, Juan; Garcia-Fernàndez, Jordi

    2009-07-01

    The discovery that most regulatory genes were conserved among animals from distant phyla challenged the ideas that gene duplication and divergence of homologous coding sequences were the basis for major morphological changes in metazoan evolution. In recent years, however, the interest for the roles, conservation and changes of non-coding sequences grew-up in parallel with genome sequencing projects. Presently, many independent studies are highlighting the importance that subtle changes in cis-regulatory regions had in the evolution of morphology trough the Animal Kingdom. Here we will show and discuss some of these studies, and underscore the future of cis-Evo-Devo research. Nevertheless, we would also explore how gene duplication, which includes duplication of regulatory regions, may have been critical for spatial or temporal co-option of new regulatory networks, causing the deployment of new transcriptome scenarios, and how these induced morphological changes were critical for the evolution of new forms. Forty years after Susumu Ohno famous sentence 'natural selection merely modifies, while redundancy creates', we suggest the alternative: 'natural selection modifies, while redundancy of cis-regulatory elements innovates', and propose the Duplication-Degeneration-Innovation model to explain the increased evolvability of duplicated cis-regulatory regions. Paradoxically, making regulation simpler by subfunctionalization paved the path for future complexity or, in other words, 'to make it simple to make it complex'.

  18. Genetic variability and phenotypic plasticity of metric thoracic traits in an invasive drosophilid in America.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bitner-Mathé, Blanche Christine; David, Jean Robert

    2015-08-01

    Thermal phenotypic plasticity of 5 metric thoracic traits (3 related to size and 2 to pigmentation) was investigated in Zaprionus indianus with an isofemale line design. Three of these traits are investigated for the first time in a drosophilid, i.e. thorax width and width of pigmented longitudinal white and black stripes. The reaction norms of white and black stripes were completely different: white stripes were insensitive to growth temperature while the black stripes exhibited a strong linear decrease with increasing temperatures. Thorax width exhibited a concave reaction norm, analogous but not identical to those of wing length and thorax length: the temperatures of maximum value were different, the highest being for thorax width. All traits exhibited a significant heritable variability and a low evolvability. Sexual dimorphism was very variable among traits, being nil for white stripes and thorax width, and around 1.13 for black stripes. The ratio thorax length to thorax width (an elongation index) was always >1, showing that males have a more rounded thorax at all temperatures. Black stripes revealed a significant increase of sexual dimorphism with increasing temperature. Shape indices, i.e. ratios between size traits all exhibited a linear decrease with temperature, the least sensitive being the elongation index. All these results illustrate the complexity of developmental processes but also the analytical strength of biometrical plasticity studies in an eco-devo perspective.

  19. A critical analysis of the new biology and the biological revolution: their impact - from medicine to evolution.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dev, Sukhendu B

    2010-01-01

    In this article, I critically analyze the impact of the new biology and the biological revolution. I argue that indiscriminate use of the words such as 'interdisciplinary,' 'integrative,' and 'revolution' has caused only confusion when applied to biology. The recent debate, especially after the exploding field of systems biology, has brought back the controversy whether molecular biology is reductionist or holistic. I look at the issues involved critically. I discuss the problem of defining the word 'gene' and argue that recent attempts to redefine the central dogma of molecular biology about the information flow from DNA to RNA to protein are not justified. I support my view with comments from the scientist who discovered RNA splicing. Several aspects of evo-devo, a new branch of biology, are discussed. I give examples from this evolution-developmental biology to show how some of Darwin's inspired guesses have had resounding victory when it was found that specific genes during embryonic development of the Galapagos finches decided the size and shape of their beaks. I discuss the recent publications which show that the conditions in the island, such as wet to dry to wet season, can bring about evolutionary changes from year to year. Thus it is essential to monitor both short and long-term evolutionary changes to get the full picture of evolution.

  20. NILU - Annual Report 1995; Norsk institutt for luftforskning - aarsrapport 1995

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    1996-10-01

    This is the annual report for 1995 from NILU. NILU does research work, develops methods and performs evaluations of all kinds of air pollution. The field of operations ranges from local air conditions (indoors, in streets, and in the local environment) to global problems relating to changes in the ozone layer and climate changes. The institute, which participates in many international research projects, obtained 13 new contracts in 1995. NILU is the coordinator of three EU projects. Unlike the universities, which receive up to 100% financial support from EU, NILU receives only 50% and must provide the rest itself. The report surveys briefly the projects in which NILU is currently involved. These include projects in Poland, Russia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Spain, Botswana, Egypt, Mauritius, China, India, Chile Venezuela. A modern monitoring system for air quality, AirQUIS, was installed in Oslo. NILU is participating in the EUREKA project MEMbrain, which is an emergency system for use in disasters and catastrophes such as for instance nuclear accidents. A new model called FOTOPLUME has been developed, which is a Gaussian dispersion model. It has been used to calculate the effect of the emissions from offshore oil installations on the ozone concentration and the deposition of Nitrogen compounds in areas close to the coast. There is a full list of papers, reports etc. published by NILU in 1995. A notable event in 1995 was the visit to NILU by the Polish president Lech Walesa accompanied by Norway`s king Harald. 31 figs., 1 table

  1. Meissner effects, vortex core states, and the vortex glass phase transition

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Huang, Ming.

    1991-01-01

    This thesis covers three topics involving Meissner effects and the resulting defect structures. The first is a study of Meissner effects in superconductivity and in systems with broken translational symmetry. The Meissner effect in the superconductors is a rigidity against external magnetic field caused by the breaking of the gauge symmetry. Other condensed matter systems also exhibit rigidities like this: The breaking of the translational symmetry in a cubic-liquid-crystal causes the system to expel twist deformations and the breaking of the translational symmetry in a nematic liquid crystal gives it a tendency to expel twist and bend deformations. In this thesis, the author studies these generalized Meissner effects in detail. The second is a study of the quasiparticle states bound to the vortex defect in superconductors. Scanning-tunneling-microscope measurements by Harald Hess et al. of the local density of states in a vortex core show a pronounced peak at small bias. These measurements contradict with previous theoretical calculations. Here, he solves the Bogoliubov equations to obtain the local density of states in the core and satisfactorily explain the experimental observations. He also predicted additional structure in the local density of states which were later observed in experiments. The third is a study of vortex dynamics in the presence of disorder. A mean field theory is developed for the recently proposed normal to superconducting vortex glass transition. Using techniques developed to study the critical dynamics of spin glasses, he calculates the mean field vortex glass phase boundary and the critical exponents

  2. Alannah Coleman: 1970—A Year at Bonython’s Sydney Gallery

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Simon Pierse

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available When art dealer and entrepreneur Kym Bonython’s new gallery opened in Sydney in 1967, it was believed to be the largest commercial gallery in the southern hemisphere. In early 1970, Bonython brought Melbourne-born art dealer Alannah Coleman over from London to take on the management of his gallery. Sadly, her appointment was not a success and lasted less than a year. Coleman re-organised the records and accounts along European lines and tried to put the gallery on a firm financial footing, but she met with opposition from staff, artists and Bonython himself. Bonython wanted the gallery as a showcase for new talent and was always on the lookout to spot ‘the next goer’. The opening parties at Bonython’s deplored by Coleman as ‘open slather’ evenings proved to be significant social events and the focus for cultural exchange, whilst in his solo shows, Brett Whiteley made innovative use of the gallery as a ‘theatre’, combining painting and sculpture with light and sound to transform the exhibition into a completely new synesthetic experience. In 1971, with funding from John Kaldor’s Public Art Project scheme, Swiss curator and gallerist Harald Szeemann used the Bonython Gallery to stage a groundbreaking show of conceptual art that went on to show at the National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne. Without a regular external source of sponsorship or support, however, Coleman’s fears for the financial viability of the gallery were eventually proved right when, after several further years of losses, it finally closed in 1976.

  3. Color in present culture of European architecture

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schindler, Verena M.

    2002-06-01

    The influential architect Le Corbusier (1887 - 1965) was also involved in the adventure of contemporary painting, and color occupied half of his day, during twenty years, as he revealed in a study entitled 'Architectural Polychromy' written in the early thirties and recently published in 1997. In the present, contemporary architects in Central Europe are dealing with color in quite a different and exceptional way: most of them engage the artist to collaborate with them in their architectural projects. If painting is concerned with the interaction of color in the two-dimensional plane, architecture is deeply dependent on light and space, and deals entirely with the three- dimensional environment and its human perception. In the 1990s, the way architects and artists employed color in architecture was so striking that color offered a key to larger discussions and opened up an interesting aspect of architectural practice. It must be remembered that recent housing projects, such as the housing estate Pilotengasse in Vienna, Gigon & Guyer's Broelberg in Kilchberg (with Harald F. Muller), next to Zurich, and their Sport Center in Davos (with Adrian Schiess), Jean Nouvel's Cultural and Congress Center in Lucerne, or Sauerbruch & Hutton's Photonic Center and their GSW office building in Berlin have all been contributing to free color from its unconscious and dormant role. These works all impart qualities to color in architecture that were hitherto reserved to other materials and fields: they define the aspects of the interaction of visual and physical space, of materialization of volumes, and of the expression of wealth and luxury.

  4. An explanatory evo-devo model for the developmental hourglass [v1; ref status: indexed, http://f1000r.es/3s6

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Saamer Akhshabi

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available The "developmental hourglass'' describes a pattern of increasing morphological divergence towards earlier and later embryonic development, separated by a period of significant conservation across distant species (the "phylotypic stage''. Recent studies have found evidence in support of the hourglass effect at the genomic level. For instance, the phylotypic stage expresses the oldest and most conserved transcriptomes. However, the regulatory mechanism that causes the hourglass pattern remains an open question. Here, we use an evolutionary model of regulatory gene interactions during development to identify the conditions under which the hourglass effect can emerge in a general setting. The model focuses on the hierarchical gene regulatory network that controls the developmental process, and on the evolution of a population under random perturbations in the structure of that network. The model predicts, under fairly general assumptions, the emergence of an hourglass pattern in the structure of a temporal representation of the underlying gene regulatory network. The evolutionary age of the corresponding genes also follows an hourglass pattern, with the oldest genes concentrated at the hourglass waist. The key behind the hourglass effect is that developmental regulators should have an increasingly specific function as development progresses. Analysis of developmental gene expression profiles from Drosophila melanogaster and Arabidopsis thaliana provide consistent results with our theoretical predictions.

  5. The quest for the ganglioside functions; what did we learn more from «evo-devo» or signaling of long-term maintenance?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Viljetic B.

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available Gangliosides are characteristic extracellular-facing plasma membrane determinants in vertebrate brain. The four major gangliosides (GM1, GD1a, GD1b and GT1b dominate among more than one hundred glycolipid structures in nervous tissue. During brain development the expression of simple gangliosides shifts toward more complex ones, accompanied by a multiple increase in their total amount. The shift is precisely regulated and some specific structures represent well established neurodevelopmental milestones. From the evolutionary perspective, the ganglioside content in fish and amphibian brain is significantly lower than in mammalian brain, but the general variability is greater. More-polar structures, abundant in Antarctic fishes, are rare in higher vertebrates or expressed only in a narrow developmental frame. Reptiles, birds and mammals share identical common structures expressed in similar patterns with minor interspecies differences. On the contrary, fish and amphibian brains show significant interspecies differences in amount, structure and expression patterns. The initial assumption of evolutionary studies was that the variations in lipid content, particularly the glycolipid content, during temperature adaptations in ectothermic and hibernating heterothermic animals, represent an efficient molecular mechanism of the membrane function preservation. Studies of ordered lipid domains in the last decade verified the ganglioside-mediated regulation of membrane proteins (receptor kinases, neurotransmitter receptors and ion channels as well as receptor-ligand interaction important for cell signaling.

  6. An explanatory evo-devo model for the developmental hourglass [v2; ref status: indexed, http://f1000r.es/4x3

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Saamer Akhshabi

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available The "developmental hourglass'' describes a pattern of increasing morphological divergence towards earlier and later embryonic development, separated by a period of significant conservation across distant species (the "phylotypic stage''. Recent studies have found evidence in support of the hourglass effect at the genomic level. For instance, the phylotypic stage expresses the oldest and most conserved transcriptomes. However, the regulatory mechanism that causes the hourglass pattern remains an open question. Here, we use an evolutionary model of regulatory gene interactions during development to identify the conditions under which the hourglass effect can emerge in a general setting. The model focuses on the hierarchical gene regulatory network that controls the developmental process, and on the evolution of a population under random perturbations in the structure of that network. The model predicts, under fairly general assumptions, the emergence of an hourglass pattern in the structure of a temporal representation of the underlying gene regulatory network. The evolutionary age of the corresponding genes also follows an hourglass pattern, with the oldest genes concentrated at the hourglass waist. The key behind the hourglass effect is that developmental regulators should have an increasingly specific function as development progresses. Analysis of developmental gene expression profiles from Drosophila melanogaster and Arabidopsis thaliana provide consistent results with our theoretical predictions.

  7. A computational approach for functional mapping of quantitative trait loci that regulate thermal performance curves.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    John Stephen Yap

    2007-06-01

    Full Text Available Whether and how thermal reaction norm is under genetic control is fundamental to understand the mechanistic basis of adaptation to novel thermal environments. However, the genetic study of thermal reaction norm is difficult because it is often expressed as a continuous function or curve. Here we derive a statistical model for dissecting thermal performance curves into individual quantitative trait loci (QTL with the aid of a genetic linkage map. The model is constructed within the maximum likelihood context and implemented with the EM algorithm. It integrates the biological principle of responses to temperature into a framework for genetic mapping through rigorous mathematical functions established to describe the pattern and shape of thermal reaction norms. The biological advantages of the model lie in the decomposition of the genetic causes for thermal reaction norm into its biologically interpretable modes, such as hotter-colder, faster-slower and generalist-specialist, as well as the formulation of a series of hypotheses at the interface between genetic actions/interactions and temperature-dependent sensitivity. The model is also meritorious in statistics because the precision of parameter estimation and power of QTLdetection can be increased by modeling the mean-covariance structure with a small set of parameters. The results from simulation studies suggest that the model displays favorable statistical properties and can be robust in practical genetic applications. The model provides a conceptual platform for testing many ecologically relevant hypotheses regarding organismic adaptation within the Eco-Devo paradigm.

  8. An Evolutionary Explanation for the Perturbation of the Dynamics of Metastatic Tumors Induced by Surgery and Acute Inflammation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bayonas, Alberto Carmona

    2011-01-01

    Surgery has contributed to unveil a tumor behavior that is difficult to reconcile with the models of tumorigenesis based on gradualism. The postsurgical patterns of progression include unexpected features such as distant interactions and variable rhythms. The underlying evidence can be summarized as follows: (1) the resection of the primary tumor is able to accelerate the evolution of micrometastasis in early stages, and (2) the outcome is transiently opposed in advanced tumors. The objective of this paper is to give some insight into tumorigenesis and surgery-related effects, by applying the concepts of the evolutionary theory in those tumor behaviors that gompertzian and tissular-centered models are unable to explain. According to this view, tumors are the consequence of natural selection operating at the somatic level, which is the basic mechanism of tumorigenesis, notwithstanding the complementary role of the intrinsic constrictions of complex networks. A tumor is a complicated phenomenon that entails growth, evolution and development simultaneously. So, an evo-devo perspective can explain how and why tumor subclones are able to translate competition from a metabolic level into neoangiogenesis and the immune response. The paper proposes that distant interactions are an extension of the ecological events at the local level. This notion explains the evolutionary basis for tumor dormancy, and warns against the teleological view of tumorigenesis as a process directed towards the maximization of a concrete trait such as aggressiveness

  9. O CAMINHO DA NEGATIVIDADE ENTRE OCIDENTE E ORIENTE: A RECEPÇÃO CONTEMPORÂNEA DE MESTRE ECKHART EM KEIJI NISHITANI

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Fernando Fontes-Teixeira

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available O diálogo entre Ocidente e Oriente faz parte da mais recente história da filosofia contemporânea. Frente aos esforços de apresentar o Budismo japonês aos ocidentais, Teitarō Suzuki, chamado Daisetsu, comentou que, dentre os pensadores da filosofia ocidental, “Eckhart é aquele que está guiando o Zen para dentro do Ocidente”. O interesse da filosofia japonesa contemporânea por Mestre Eckhart, sobretudo dentre os autores da chamada Escola de Kyōto, representa não apenas uma mera aproximação por empatia, mas uma profunda introspecção da mística medieval como possibilidade de manifestar filosoficamente as bases do Zen Budismo, abrindo caminho para uma interculturalidade filosófica inédita no século XX. A despeito de sua presença constante (por vezes explícita, por vezes implícitas em diversos filósofos japoneses contemporâneos, foi Keiji Nishitani o pensador que com maior devoção refletiu sobre a obra de Eckhart. A partir desse diálogo, talvez seja possível investigar até que ponto uma recepção contemporânea de Mestre Eckhart possa porventura reverberar uma meditação pertinente aos problemas cotidianos do século XXI e este é, sem embargo, o intuito deste trabalho.

  10. Absence of Tangentially Migrating Glutamatergic Neurons in the Developing Avian Brain

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando García-Moreno

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Summary: Several neuronal populations orchestrate neocortical development during mammalian embryogenesis. These include the glutamatergic subplate-, Cajal-Retzius-, and ventral pallium-derived populations, which coordinate cortical wiring, migration, and proliferation, respectively. These transient populations are primarily derived from other non-cortical pallial sources that migrate to the dorsal pallium. Are these migrations to the dorsal pallium conserved in amniotes or are they specific to mammals? Using in ovo electroporation, we traced the entire lineage of defined chick telencephalic progenitors. We found that several pallial sources that produce tangential migratory neurons in mammals only produced radially migrating neurons in the avian brain. Moreover, ectopic expression of VP-specific mammalian Dbx1 in avian brains altered neurogenesis but did not convert the migration into a mammal-like tangential movement. Together, these data indicate that tangential cellular contributions of glutamatergic neurons originate from outside the dorsal pallium and that pallial Dbx1 expression may underlie the generation of the mammalian neocortex during evolution. : Neocortical formation crucially depends on the early tangential arrival of several transient glutamatergic neuronal populations. García-Moreno et al. find that these neuronal migrations are absent in the developing brain of chicks. The mammalian uniqueness of these developing migrations suggests a crucial role of these cells in the evolutionary origin of the neocortex. Keywords: neocortex, chick, pallium, ventral pallium, evo-devo, evolution, Dbx1, telencephalon

  11. An Evolutionary Explanation for the Perturbation of the Dynamics of Metastatic Tumors Induced by Surgery and Acute Inflammation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bayonas, Alberto Carmona [Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Hospital Morales Meseguer, Murcia (Spain)

    2011-03-02

    Surgery has contributed to unveil a tumor behavior that is difficult to reconcile with the models of tumorigenesis based on gradualism. The postsurgical patterns of progression include unexpected features such as distant interactions and variable rhythms. The underlying evidence can be summarized as follows: (1) the resection of the primary tumor is able to accelerate the evolution of micrometastasis in early stages, and (2) the outcome is transiently opposed in advanced tumors. The objective of this paper is to give some insight into tumorigenesis and surgery-related effects, by applying the concepts of the evolutionary theory in those tumor behaviors that gompertzian and tissular-centered models are unable to explain. According to this view, tumors are the consequence of natural selection operating at the somatic level, which is the basic mechanism of tumorigenesis, notwithstanding the complementary role of the intrinsic constrictions of complex networks. A tumor is a complicated phenomenon that entails growth, evolution and development simultaneously. So, an evo-devo perspective can explain how and why tumor subclones are able to translate competition from a metabolic level into neoangiogenesis and the immune response. The paper proposes that distant interactions are an extension of the ecological events at the local level. This notion explains the evolutionary basis for tumor dormancy, and warns against the teleological view of tumorigenesis as a process directed towards the maximization of a concrete trait such as aggressiveness.

  12. Floral anatomy of Delphinieae (Ranunculaceae: comparing flower organization and vascular patterns

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrew V. Novikoff

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available Species of the tribe Delphinieae have dorsoventralized flowers; their pentamerous calyx and reduced corolla are dorsally spurred and inner spurs are nectariferous. Based on this common floral scheme, Delphinieae species exhibit a wide diversity of floral structures and morphologies. We present here the first investigation of the floral anatomy in Delphinieae. The organization of the floral vascular system has been studied in species representative of the floral morphological diversity of Delphinieae: Aconitum lasiocarpum, Delphinium elatum, and Consolida regalis. The three species show a similar vascularization of the calyx and of the reproductive organs, but exhibit distinct anatomical features in the corolla where the nectaries are borne. The sepals and the stamens have a trilacunar three-traced and a unilacunar one-traced vascularization, respectively. Three free carpels in D. elatum and A. lasiocarpum are basically supplied by six vascular bundles – three independent dorsal bundles and three fused lateral bundles. In C. regalis the single carpel is supplied by three independent vascular bundles (one dorsal and two ventral. Staminodes are not vascularized. The basic type of petal vascularization is unilacunar one-traced, but in the case of C. regalis the derived bilacunar two-traced type has been observed. This latter state arose as a result of the fusion of the two dorsal petal primordia. The results of this first comparative study of the floral anatomy of Delphinieae are discussed with the recent phylogenetic, morphological, and evo-devo findings concerning the tribe.

  13. Ready…, Set, Go!. Comment on "Towards a Computational Comparative Neuroprimatology: Framing the language-ready brain" by Michael A. Arbib

    Science.gov (United States)

    Iriki, Atsushi

    2016-03-01

    ;Language-READY brain; in the title of this article [1] seems to be the expression that the author prefers to use to illustrate his theoretical framework. The usage of the term ;READY; appears to be of extremely deep connotation, for three reasons. Firstly, of course it needs a ;principle; - the depth and the width of the computational theory depicted here is as expected from the author's reputation. However, ;readiness; implies that it is much more than just ;a theory;. That is, such a principle is not static, but it rather has dynamic properties, which are ready to gradually proceed to flourish once brains are put in adequate conditions to make time progressions - namely, evolution and development. So the second major connotation is that this article brought in the perspectives of the comparative primatology as a tool to relativise the language-realizing human brains among other animal species, primates in particular, in the context of evolutionary time scale. The tertiary connotation lies in the context of the developmental time scale. The author claims that it is the interaction of the newborn with its care takers, namely its mother and other family or social members in its ecological conditions, that brings the brain mechanism subserving language faculty to really mature to its final completion. Taken together, this article proposes computational theories and mechanisms of Evo-Devo-Eco interactions for language acquisition in the human brains.

  14. Comparative musculoskeletal anatomy of chameleon limbs, with implications for the evolution of arboreal locomotion in lizards and for teratology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Molnar, Julia L; Diaz, Raul E; Skorka, Tautis; Dagliyan, Grant; Diogo, Rui

    2017-09-01

    Chameleon species have recently been adopted as models for evo-devo and macroevolutionary processes. However, most anatomical and developmental studies of chameleons focus on the skeleton, and information about their soft tissues is scarce. Here, we provide a detailed morphological description based on contrast enhanced micro-CT scans and dissections of the adult phenotype of all the forelimb and hindlimb muscles of the Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus) and compare these muscles with those of other chameleons and lizards. We found the appendicular muscle anatomy of chameleons to be surprisingly conservative considering the remarkable structural and functional modifications of the limb skeleton, particularly the distal limb regions. For instance, the zygodactyl autopodia of chameleons are unique among tetrapods, and the carpals and tarsals are highly modified in shape and number. However, most of the muscles usually present in the manus and pes of other lizards are present in the same configuration in chameleons. The most obvious muscular features related to the peculiar opposable autopodia of chameleons are: (1) presence of broad, V-shaped plantar and palmar aponeuroses, and absence of intermetacarpales and intermetatarsales, between the digits separated by the cleft in each autopod; (2) oblique orientation of the superficial short flexors originating from these aponeuroses, which may allow these muscles to act as powerful adductors of the "super-digits"; and (3) well-developed abductor digiti minimi muscles and abductor pollicis/hallucis brevis muscles, which may act as powerful abductors of the "super-digits." © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  15. An Evolutionary Explanation for the Perturbation of the Dynamics of Metastatic Tumors Induced by Surgery and Acute Inflammation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alberto Carmona Bayonas

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available Surgery has contributed to unveil a tumor behavior that is difficult to reconcile with the models of tumorigenesis based on gradualism. The postsurgical patterns of progression include unexpected features such as distant interactions and variable rhythms. The underlying evidence can be summarized as follows: (1 the resection of the primary tumor is able to accelerate the evolution of micrometastasis in early stages, and (2 the outcome is transiently opposed in advanced tumors. The objective of this paper is to give some insight into tumorigenesis and surgery-related effects, by applying the concepts of the evolutionary theory in those tumor behaviors that gompertzian and tissular-centered models are unable to explain. According to this view, tumors are the consequence of natural selection operating at the somatic level, which is the basic mechanism of tumorigenesis, notwithstanding the complementary role of the intrinsic constrictions of complex networks. A tumor is a complicated phenomenon that entails growth, evolution and development simultaneously. So, an evo-devo perspective can explain how and why tumor subclones are able to translate competition from a metabolic level into neoangiogenesis and the immune response. The paper proposes that distant interactions are an extension of the ecological events at the local level. This notion explains the evolutionary basis for tumor dormancy, and warns against the teleological view of tumorigenesis as a process directed towards the maximization of a concrete trait such as aggressiveness.

  16. UM “ENTENDIMENTO DO ENTENDIMENTO”: OLHAR SOBRE OSABER LOCAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Miriam Espindula dos Santos

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available Primeiramente quero justificar minha opção por fazer uma síntese-resenha do livro O Saber Local: novos ensaios em antropologia interpretativa, de Clifford Geertz. A escolha se deu pela inquietação que o mesmo provocou no momento de sua leitura, o referido ensaio contribuiu de forma significante para o meu processo de (in maturação acadêmica, pessoal e de pesquisadora. A intenção é destacar os pontos mais relevantes do livro, lançar um olhar sobre algumas questões problematizadas pelo autor. Apesar de não utilizar a hermenêutica interpretativa proposta por Geertz em minha pesquisa, a mesma possibilitou muitas ideias acerca de como proceder enquanto pesquisadora, no trato que devo ter para com o meu objeto, um trato respeitoso, atencioso, aberto, com um olhar afinado para as questões que o cerca, bem como o uso de analogias para analisar determinados fatos. Destaco que o meu olhar sobre este ensaio também reflete as discussões calorosas que realizamos em sala de aula acerca do mesmo, bem como dos momentos em que analisamos os projetos de pesquisas dos colegas da turma, apesar de não me deter neste aspecto. Assim sendo, vou seguir basicamente a divisão proposta pelo ensaísta nesta obra, refletindo acerca do que mais me inquietou neste ensaio...

  17. Book Reviews

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yu. V. Maretin

    1975-01-01

    Full Text Available - J. Prins, Buiten de grenzen, sociologische opstellen aangeboden aan Prof. Dr. W.F. Wertheim, benevens een “bibliografie van de geschriften van W.F. Wertheim”. Boom, Meppel 1971. 365 blz. - H.C.G. Schoenaker, Ethnologische Zeitschrift Zuerich I, 1972. Festschrift Alfred Steinmann. Verlag Herbert Lang & Cie A.G., Bern. 397 pp. - J.C. Neuteboom, Harald Eidheim, Aspects of the Lappish minority situation. Universitetsforlaget, Oslo 1971. 86 pags. Fig. - H.J.M. Claessen, Paul Ottino, Rangiroa; parenté étendue, résidence et terres dans un atoll ploynésien. Editions Cujas. Paris 1972. 530 p. Bibl., appendices, 37 fig. en kaarten, registers. - David S. Moyer, Adelin Linton, Ralph Linton. Leaders of Modern Anthropological Series, American University Publishers Group. London 1971, pp. 196., C. Wagley (eds. - R.A.M. van Zantwijk, Carlo J.E. Gay, Chalcacingo. Drawings by Frances Pratt. Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt. Graz 1971. 119 blz., geïll., XXIV fotopag. - P. van Emst, Yu. V. Maretin, Countries and peoples of the East. Vol. XIII, Countries and peoples of the Pacific Basin. Book 2. Nauka Publishing House. Central Department of Oriental Literature. Moscow 1972. (Strany i narody vostoka. Pod obscej redakciej D.A. Ol’derogge. Vypusk XIII. Strany i narody bassejna Tichogo Okeana. Kniga 2. - H. van Mierlo, Atlantische Commissie, De school en het buitenlands beleid IX. De internationale politieke vormingstaak van de school. Atlantische Commissie, Den Haag 1970, 56 blz. - Geert A. Banck, Philip Staniford, Pioneers in the tropics. The political organization of Japanese in an immigrant community in Brazil. London School of Economics Monographs on Social Anthropology no. 45. London; The Athlone Press. 1973. xvi + 201 pag.

  18. Ancient connection between NKL genes and the mesoderm? Insights from Tlx expression in a ctenophore.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Derelle, Romain; Manuel, Michaël

    2007-04-01

    In recent years, evo-devo studies on non-bilaterian metazoans have improved our understanding of the early evolution of animal body plans. In particular, works on cnidarians suggested that contrary to classical views, the mesoderm originated far before the emergence of the Bilateria. In this context, a synthesis of genomic and functional data concerning the Antennapedia (Antp) superclass of homeobox genes suggested that early in animal evolution, each of the three germ layers was under the control of one cluster of Antp genes. In particular, the patterning and differentiation of the mesoderm was under the control of the NKL cluster. The ctenophores stand as a key taxon with respect to such issues because unlike other non-bilaterian phyla, their intermediate germ layer satisfies the strict embryological definition of a mesoderm. For that reason, we investigated the only known member of the NKL group in Ctenophora, a gene previously isolated from Pleurobrachia and attributed to the Tlx family. In our analysis of the NKL group, this ctenophore gene branches as the sister-group of bilaterian Tlx genes, but without statistical support. The expression pattern of this gene was revealed by in situ hybridisation in the adult ctenophore. The expression territories of PpiTlx are predominantly ectodermal, in two distinct types of ciliated epidermal cells and in one category of gland cells. We also identified a probable endodermal site of expression. Because we failed to detect any mesodermal expression, the results do not provide support to the hypothesis of an ancient functional association between the NKL group and the mesoderm.

  19. Os costumes no planalto catarinense: dos embates no movimento sertanejo do Contestado à luta contra as imposições do capital estrangeiro (1912-1919.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alexandre Assis Tomporoski

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar os costumes praticados pelos sertanejos do planalto catarinense, adotados desde o século XVIII, a partir dos quais emergiram relações de solidariedade e relações conflituosas, aplicadas pelos sertanejos nos embates da Guerra do Contestado e na luta contra as imposições do capital estrangeiro em expansão na região. Com este intuito, o texto ampara-se no enfoque de capital social para expor as relações solidárias e conflituosas, oriundas das práticas dos costumes pelos sertanejos. O exame minucioso dos costumes utilizados nas práticas laborais, isto é, o pixirum,  a roça cabocla e a criação comunal de animais, assim como dos costumes utilizados nas práticas religiosas, representados principalmente pela devoção a São João Maria, o fandango de São Gonçalo e as festas religiosas, oferece nova perspectiva sobre as relações solidárias e conflituosas entre os sertanejos. Esse entendimento desvela que, em suas relações conflituosas nos desdobramentos do movimento sertanejo do Contestado e em oposição ao avanço do capital estrangeiro, os sertanejos não foram meros jagunços ou fanáticos, mas pessoas dotadas de uma profunda racionalidade – proveniente de seus costumes – que lutaram por aquilo que consideravam justo e seu por direito.

  20. Evolutionary Nephrology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chevalier, Robert L

    2017-05-01

    Progressive kidney disease follows nephron loss, hyperfiltration, and incomplete repair, a process described as "maladaptive." In the past 20 years, a new discipline has emerged that expands research horizons: evolutionary medicine. In contrast to physiologic (homeostatic) adaptation, evolutionary adaptation is the result of reproductive success that reflects natural selection. Evolutionary explanations for physiologically maladaptive responses can emerge from mismatch of the phenotype with environment or evolutionary tradeoffs. Evolutionary adaptation to a terrestrial environment resulted in a vulnerable energy-consuming renal tubule and a hypoxic, hyperosmolar microenvironment. Natural selection favors successful energy investment strategy: energy is allocated to maintenance of nephron integrity through reproductive years, but this declines with increasing senescence after ~40 years of age. Risk factors for chronic kidney disease include restricted fetal growth or preterm birth (life history tradeoff resulting in fewer nephrons), evolutionary selection for APOL1 mutations (that provide resistance to trypanosome infection, a tradeoff), and modern life experience (Western diet mismatch leading to diabetes and hypertension). Current advances in genomics, epigenetics, and developmental biology have revealed proximate causes of kidney disease, but attempts to slow kidney disease remain elusive. Evolutionary medicine provides a complementary approach by addressing ultimate causes of kidney disease. Marked variation in nephron number at birth, nephron heterogeneity, and changing susceptibility to kidney injury throughout life history are the result of evolutionary processes. Combined application of molecular genetics, evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo), developmental programming and life history theory may yield new strategies for prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease.

  1. Thumbs down: a molecular-morphogenetic approach to avian digit homology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Capek, Daniel; Metscher, Brian D; Müller, Gerd B

    2014-01-01

    Avian forelimb digit homology remains one of the standard themes in comparative biology and EvoDevo research. In order to resolve the apparent contradictions between embryological and paleontological evidence a variety of hypotheses have been presented in recent years. The proposals range from excluding birds from the dinosaur clade, to assignments of homology by different criteria, or even assuming a hexadactyl tetrapod limb ground state. At present two approaches prevail: the frame shift hypothesis and the pyramid reduction hypothesis. While the former postulates a homeotic shift of digit identities, the latter argues for a gradual bilateral reduction of phalanges and digits. Here we present a new model that integrates elements from both hypotheses with the existing experimental and fossil evidence. We start from the main feature common to both earlier concepts, the initiating ontogenetic event: reduction and loss of the anterior-most digit. It is proposed that a concerted mechanism of molecular regulation and developmental mechanics is capable of shifting the boundaries of hoxD expression in embryonic forelimb buds as well as changing the digit phenotypes. Based on a distinction between positional (topological) and compositional (phenotypic) homology criteria, we argue that the identity of the avian digits is II, III, IV, despite a partially altered phenotype. Finally, we introduce an alternative digit reduction scheme that reconciles the current fossil evidence with the presented molecular-morphogenetic model. Our approach identifies specific experiments that allow to test whether gene expression can be shifted and digit phenotypes can be altered by induced digit loss or digit gain. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  2. Evolutionary Nephrology

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Robert L. Chevalier

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available Progressive kidney disease follows nephron loss, hyperfiltration, and incomplete repair, a process described as “maladaptive.” In the past 20 years, a new discipline has emerged that expands research horizons: evolutionary medicine. In contrast to physiologic (homeostatic adaptation, evolutionary adaptation is the result of reproductive success that reflects natural selection. Evolutionary explanations for physiologically maladaptive responses can emerge from mismatch of the phenotype with environment or from evolutionary tradeoffs. Evolutionary adaptation to a terrestrial environment resulted in a vulnerable energy-consuming renal tubule and a hypoxic, hyperosmolar microenvironment. Natural selection favors successful energy investment strategy: energy is allocated to maintenance of nephron integrity through reproductive years, but this declines with increasing senescence after ∼40 years of age. Risk factors for chronic kidney disease include restricted fetal growth or preterm birth (life history tradeoff resulting in fewer nephrons, evolutionary selection for APOL1 mutations (which provide resistance to trypanosome infection, a tradeoff, and modern life experience (Western diet mismatch leading to diabetes and hypertension. Current advances in genomics, epigenetics, and developmental biology have revealed proximate causes of kidney disease, but attempts to slow kidney disease remain elusive. Evolutionary medicine provides a complementary approach by addressing ultimate causes of kidney disease. Marked variation in nephron number at birth, nephron heterogeneity, and changing susceptibility to kidney injury throughout the life history are the result of evolutionary processes. Combined application of molecular genetics, evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo, developmental programming, and life history theory may yield new strategies for prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease.

  3. Neofunctionalization in vertebrates: the example of retinoic acid receptors.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hector Escriva

    2006-07-01

    Full Text Available Understanding the role of gene duplications in establishing vertebrate innovations is one of the main challenges of Evo-Devo (evolution of development studies. Data on evolutionary changes in gene expression (i.e., evolution of transcription factor-cis-regulatory elements relationships tell only part of the story; protein function, best studied by biochemical and functional assays, can also change. In this study, we have investigated how gene duplication has affected both the expression and the ligand-binding specificity of retinoic acid receptors (RARs, which play a major role in chordate embryonic development. Mammals have three paralogous RAR genes--RAR alpha, beta, and gamma--which resulted from genome duplications at the origin of vertebrates. By using pharmacological ligands selective for specific paralogues, we have studied the ligand-binding capacities of RARs from diverse chordates species. We have found that RAR beta-like binding selectivity is a synapomorphy of all chordate RARs, including a reconstructed synthetic RAR representing the receptor present in the ancestor of chordates. Moreover, comparison of expression patterns of the cephalochordate amphioxus and the vertebrates suggests that, of all the RARs, RAR beta expression has remained most similar to that of the ancestral RAR. On the basis of these results together, we suggest that while RAR beta kept the ancestral RAR role, RAR alpha and RAR gamma diverged both in ligand-binding capacity and in expression patterns. We thus suggest that neofunctionalization occurred at both the expression and the functional levels to shape RAR roles during development in vertebrates.

  4. EST and microarray analysis of horn development in Onthophagus beetles

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tang Zuojian

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background The origin of novel traits and their subsequent diversification represent central themes in evo-devo and evolutionary ecology. Here we explore the genetic and genomic basis of a class of traits that is both novel and highly diverse, in a group of organisms that is ecologically complex and experimentally tractable: horned beetles. Results We developed two high quality, normalized cDNA libraries for larval and pupal Onthophagus taurus and sequenced 3,488 ESTs that assembled into 451 contigs and 2,330 singletons. We present the annotation and a comparative analysis of the conservation of the sequences. Microarrays developed from the combined libraries were then used to contrast the transcriptome of developing primordia of head horns, prothoracic horns, and legs. Our experiments identify a first comprehensive list of candidate genes for the evolution and diversification of beetle horns. We find that developing horns and legs show many similarities as well as important differences in their transcription profiles, suggesting that the origin of horns was mediated partly, but not entirely, by the recruitment of genes involved in the formation of more traditional appendages such as legs. Furthermore, we find that horns developing from the head and prothorax differ in their transcription profiles to a degree that suggests that head and prothoracic horns are not serial homologs, but instead may have evolved independently from each other. Conclusion We have laid the foundation for a systematic analysis of the genetic basis of horned beetle development and diversification with the potential to contribute significantly to several major frontiers in evolutionary developmental biology.

  5. Conservation and co-option in developmental programmes: the importance of homology relationships

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Becker May-Britt

    2005-10-01

    Full Text Available Abstract One of the surprising insights gained from research in evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo is that increasing diversity in body plans and morphology in organisms across animal phyla are not reflected in similarly dramatic changes at the level of gene composition of their genomes. For instance, simplicity at the tissue level of organization often contrasts with a high degree of genetic complexity. Also intriguing is the observation that the coding regions of several genes of invertebrates show high sequence similarity to those in humans. This lack of change (conservation indicates that evolutionary novelties may arise more frequently through combinatorial processes, such as changes in gene regulation and the recruitment of novel genes into existing regulatory gene networks (co-option, and less often through adaptive evolutionary processes in the coding portions of a gene. As a consequence, it is of great interest to examine whether the widespread conservation of the genetic machinery implies the same developmental function in a last common ancestor, or whether homologous genes acquired new developmental roles in structures of independent phylogenetic origin. To distinguish between these two possibilities one must refer to current concepts of phylogeny reconstruction and carefully investigate homology relationships. Particularly problematic in terms of homology decisions is the use of gene expression patterns of a given structure. In the future, research on more organisms other than the typical model systems will be required since these can provide insights that are not easily obtained from comparisons among only a few distantly related model species.

  6. Rapid isolation of gene homologs across taxa: Efficient identification and isolation of gene orthologs from non-model organism genomes, a technical report

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Heffer Alison

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Tremendous progress has been made in the field of evo-devo through comparisons of related genes from diverse taxa. While the vast number of species in nature precludes a complete analysis of the molecular evolution of even one single gene family, this would not be necessary to understand fundamental mechanisms underlying gene evolution if experiments could be designed to systematically sample representative points along the path of established phylogenies to trace changes in regulatory and coding gene sequence. This isolation of homologous genes from phylogenetically diverse, representative species can be challenging, especially if the gene is under weak selective pressure and evolving rapidly. Results Here we present an approach - Rapid Isolation of Gene Homologs across Taxa (RIGHT - to efficiently isolate specific members of gene families. RIGHT is based upon modification and a combination of degenerate polymerase chain reaction (PCR and gene-specific amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP. It allows targeted isolation of specific gene family members from any organism, only requiring genomic DNA. We describe this approach and how we used it to isolate members of several different gene families from diverse arthropods spanning millions of years of evolution. Conclusions RIGHT facilitates systematic isolation of one gene from large gene families. It allows for efficient gene isolation without whole genome sequencing, RNA extraction, or culturing of non-model organisms. RIGHT will be a generally useful method for isolation of orthologs from both distant and closely related species, increasing sample size and facilitating the tracking of molecular evolution of gene families and regulatory networks across the tree of life.

  7. Multiple signal transduction pathways in okadaic acid induced apoptosis in HeLa cells

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jayaraj, R.; Gupta, Nimesh; Rao, P.V. Lakshmana

    2009-01-01

    Okadaic acid (OA) is the major component of diarrhetic shell fish poisoning toxins and a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1 and 2A. We investigated the signal transduction pathways involved in OA induced cell death in HeLa cells. OA induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis at IC50 of 100 nM. OA treatment resulted in time dependent increase in reactive oxygen species and depleted intracellular glutathione levels. Loss of mitochondrial membrane permeability led to translocation of bax, cytochrome-c and AIF from mitochondria to cytosol. The cells under fluorescence microscope showed typical apoptotic morphology with condensed chromatin, and nuclear fragmentation. We investigated the mitochondrial-mediated caspase cascade. The time dependent activation and cleavage of of bax, caspases-8, 10, 9, 3 and 7 was observed in Western blot analysis. In addition to caspase-dependent pathway AIF mediated caspase-independent pathway was involved in OA mediated cell death. OA also caused time dependent inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A activity and phosphorylation of p38 and p42/44 MAP kinases. Inhibitor studies with Ac-DEVO-CHO and Z-VAD-FMK could not prevent the phosphorylation of p38 and p42/44 MAP kinases. Our experiments with caspase inhibitors Ac-DEVD-CHO, Z-IETD-FMK and Z-VAD-FMK inhibited capsase-3, 8 cleavages but did not prevent OA-induced apoptosis and DNA fragmentation. Similarly, pretreatment with cyclosporin-A and N-acetylcysteine could not prevent the DNA fragmentation. In summary, the results of our study show that OA induces multiple signal transduction pathways acting either independently or simultaneously leading to apoptosis

  8. Inflorescence development in petunia: through the maze of botanical terminology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Castel, Rob; Kusters, Elske; Koes, Ronald

    2010-05-01

    Flowering plants have developed many ways to arrange their flowers. A flower-bearing branch or system of branches is called an inflorescence. The number of flowers that an inflorescence contains ranges from a single flower to endless flower-clusters. Over the past centuries, botanists have classified inflorescences based on their morphology, which has led to an unfortunate maze of complex botanical terminology. With the rise of molecular developmental biology, research has become increasingly focused on how inflorescences develop, rather than on their morphology. It is the decisions taken by groups of stem cells at the growing tips of shoots, called meristems, on when and where to produce a flower or a shoot that specify the course of inflorescence development. Modelling is a helpful aid to follow the consequences of these decisions for inflorescence development. The so-called transient model can produce the broad inflorescence types: cyme, raceme, and panicle, into which most inflorescences found in nature can be classified. The analysis of several inflorescence branching mutants has led to a solid understanding of cymose inflorescence development in petunia (Petunia hybrida). The cyme of petunia is a distinct body plan compared with the well-studied racemes of Arabidopsis and Antirrhinum, which provides an excellent opportunity to study evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo) related questions. However, thus far, limited use has been made of this opportunity, which may, at least in part, be due to researchers getting lost in the terminology. Some general issues are discussed here, while focusing on inflorescence development in petunia.

  9. Characterization of the growth and degradation of glycogen in the liver

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Youn, J.; Bergman, R.

    1986-01-01

    The patterns of the growth and degradation of hepatic glycogen were studied using a computer model. The database was that of Devos and Hers on the distribution of label in glycogen from [1- 14 C] galactose injected at different times after the start of refeeding 40 h fasted mice. The data was simulated to examine the following hypotheses (H): Glycogen Synthesis H.S1: all glycogen molecules grow simultaneously. H.S2: at each moment of synthesis only a fixed number of molecules grow. H.S3: the number of growing molecules increases linearly with respect to time. H.S4: increase in the number of growing molecules is accelerated as glycogen is synthesized. Glycogen Degradation H.D1: glycogen molecules to be attacked by degrading enzymes are randomly chosen. H.D2: glycogen molecules are degraded sequentially in the reverse order of synthesis. H.D3: glycogen molecules have different probabilities of degradation depending upon the time of synthesis. The growth and degradation according to hypotheses S4 and D3, respectively, could best account for the data. The modelling study predicts that, at the beginning of refeeding, only a small number of molecules grow. But, as glycogen is synthesized, the rate of seeding of new glycogen molecules increases with time, causing a nonlinear proliferation of the number of growing molecules. During degradation glycogen molecules synthesized later have a greater chance to be degraded first, a characteristic which may be explained by the rosette structure of liver glycogen

  10. Severe forms of fibromyalgia with acute exacerbation of pain: costs, comorbidities, and length of stay in inpatient care

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Romeyke T

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available Tobias Romeyke,1,2 Elisabeth Noehammer,1 Hans Christoph Scheuer,2 Harald Stummer1,3 1Institute for Management and Economics in Health Care, University of Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology (UMIT, Hall in Tirol, Austria; 2Waldhausklinik Deuringen, Acute Hospital for Internal Medicine, Pain Therapy, Complementary, and Individualized Patient-Centered Medicine, Stadtbergen, Germany; 3Institute for Management and Innovation in Healthcare, University Schloss Seeburg, Seekirchen/Wallersee, Austria Background and purpose: As a disease of the musculoskeletal system, fibromyalgia is becoming increasingly important, because of the direct and indirect costs to health systems. The purpose of this study of health economics was to obtain information about staff costs differentiated by service provider, and staff and material costs of the nonmedical infrastructure in inpatient care.Patients and methods: This study looked at 263 patients who received interdisciplinary inpatient treatment for severe forms of fibromyalgia with acute exacerbation of pain between 2011 and 2014. Standardized cost accounting and an analysis of additional diagnoses were performed.Results: The average cost per patient was €3,725.84, with staff and material costs of the nonmedical infrastructure and staff costs of doctors and nurses accounting for the highest proportions of the costs. Each fibromyalgia patient had an average of 6.1 additional diagnoses.Conclusion: Severe forms of fibromyalgia are accompanied by many concomitant diseases and associated with both high clinical staff costs and high medical and nonmedical infrastructure costs. Indication-based cost calculations provide important information for health policy and hospital managers if they include all elements that incur costs in both a differentiated and standardized way. Keywords: fibromyalgia, DRG, cost, length of stay, comorbidities, interdisciplinary care, inpatient care, musculoskeletal, pain

  11. Grande sertão: veredas - as artimanhas da enunciação

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jeane Mari Sant'Ana Spera

    2005-10-01

    Full Text Available Responsável pela arquitetura narrativa de Grande sertão: veredas, o narrador Riobaldo conduz o  jogo dialógico de modo a criar  um vai­vém discursivo que  possibilita a detecção pontual de segmentos pertencentes à ordem do discurso e à ordem da história (respectivamente, mundo comentado e mundo narrado, segundo Harald Weinrich. Permeando um e outro mundo, estão as obsessões fundamentais do narrador, das quais destacamos aquela relativa à existência ou não do diabo. As ambiguidades derivadas desse  movimento oscilante entre o ser e o não-ser provocam ainda  o deslizamento entre o real e o irreal, o dito e o não-dito, o aparente e o oculto, o dado  e o suposto. A coerência, no entanto, é reconstituída no alinhavado constante de vários recursos argumentativos que busca m a adesão do  interlocutor, cuja voz só é entre ou vida pela voz do narrador. Nesses casos,  verificamos a presença do recurso ao argumento de autoridade, seja pela competência,  seja  pela  experiência,  seja, ainda,  pelo  testemunho. É, pois, nesses momentos de interlocução semiexplícita, na instância  da enunciação, que se apresentam, com  maior  nitidez, elementos linguísticos denunciadores das estratégias argumentativas que  provocam e incitam o interlocutor/leitor a acompanhar esse "narrar dificultoso” e a finalmente concordar que “O diabo não há!... Existe é homem  humano”.

  12. Luuleaasta 1994 : parlamendi koosseis on selgunud / Barbi Pilvre

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Pilvre, Barbi, 1963-

    1995-01-01

    Rannit, Aleksis. Nii näen sind ikka; Kangur, Kalju. Sõna sees olek; Traat, Mats. Koidu kätes; Rimmel, Rudolf. Setu netu; Suislepp, Harald. Köögertali kojutulek; Piir, Enno. Sunnitöölise Mekka; Üllaste, Leenart. Lind tormis; Hirv, Indrek. Taskuraamat (taskutähekerjus); Mirtem, Valev [Luhaäär, Ingvar]. Maithunad Eestis; Mirtem, Valev [Luhaäär, Ingvar]. Armuühtepühad; Mirtem, Valev [Luhaäär, Ingvar]. Tulevaas; Kurvits, Lembit. Matle laul; Lillemets, Enn. Olemise valge koer ehk Ingli kolju; Jessod, Mats [Jakobson, Mati]. Jah, luuletused; Jessod, Mats [Jakobson, Mati]. Ohjad Oti mäel; Jessod, Mats [Jakobson, Mati]. Poeetilisi prohmakaid; Ivar, Ivo. Riimiskid; Kilokalor, Kalle. Öösel näeb halvemini kui päeval; Trubetsky, Tõnu. Anarhia; Laanvee, Ervin. Jaa. Mina olen; Kuningas, Marko J. ...jääb USK, LOOTUS, ARMASTUS; Ruben, Arne. Ajakirjanik; Ollinovski, Jim [Ollino, Ott]. Luuletused; Toomik, Tõnu. 27 luuletust; Tosin, Ants. Õnnetähestik; Krüger, Urmas. Ka nii võib...; Kärner, Siim. Usseaid; Sikk, Heino. Võrokõstõlõ: poeem; Kollin, Viktor. Kodutunne; Alo, Ülo [Võsar, Ülo Alo]. Ööbikuvalgus; Sepp, Vello. Vigased pärlid; Palo, Wilhelm. Tuule-luuled; Soomets, Triin. Randmes unejanu; Soomets, Triin. Janu masinas; Ränik, Valeria. Ajast väljas; Kivi, Aita. Kalender-päevik Aita Kivi luuletustega; Maagemust, Maarika. Kaaludes kaldaid; Hiiussaar, Ann. Valgete uste taga; Kolkkanen, Imbi. Mina ja maailm; Mets, Neeme. Kesalill; Kolesnitshenko, Kaidi-Ly. Kaks silma; Kahro, Anne. Nälkjast!; Kabe, Aino. Tuulema mõtteriim. Raatma, Salme. Laululatern; Osila, Virve. Lootuse luiged; Isak, Asta. Valguse ja varjude vahel; Õunapuu, Meeli. Mööda teid ja radu

  13. Biodegradable congress 2012; Bioschmierstoff-Kongress 2012

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2012-11-01

    Within the Guelzower expert discussions at 5th and 6th June, 2012 in Oberhausen (Federal Republic of Germany) the following lectures were held: (1) Promotion of biodegradable lubricants by means of research and development as well as public relations (Steffen Daebeler); (2) Biodegradable lubricants - An overview of the advantages and disadvantages of the engaged product groups (Hubertus Murrenhoff); (3) Standardization of biodegradable lubricants - CEN/DIN standard committees - state of the art (Rolf Luther); (4) Market research for the utilization of biodegradable lubricants and means of proof of sustainability (Norbert Schmitz); (5) Fields of application for high performance lubricants and requirements upon the products (Gunther Kraft); (6) Investigations of biodegradable lubricants in rolling bearings and gears (Christoph Hentschke); (7) Biodegradable lubricants in central lubrication systems Development of gears and bearings of offshore wind power installations (Reiner Wagner); (8) Investigations towards environmental compatibility of biodegradable lubricants used in offshore wind power installations (Tolf Schneider); (9) Development of glycerine based lubricants for the industrial metalworking (Harald Draeger); (10) Investigations and utilization of biodegradable oils as electroinsulation oils in transformers (Stefan Tenbohlen); (11) Operational behaviour of lubricant oils in vegetable oil operation and Biodiesel operation (Horst Hamdorf); (12) Lubrication effect of lubricating oil of the third generation (Stefan Heitzig); (13) Actual market development from the view of a producer of biodegradable lubricants (Frank Lewen); (14) Utilization of biodegradable lubricants in forestry harvesters (Guenther Weise); (15) New biodegradable lubricants based on high oleic sunflower oil (Otto Botz); (16) Integrated fluid concept - optimized technology and service package for users of biodegradable lubricants (Juergen Baer); (17) Utilization of a bio oil sensor to control

  14. The radiological research accelerator facility. Progress report, December 1, 1995--November 30, 1996

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hall, E.J.; Marino, S.A.

    1996-08-01

    The Radiological Research Accelerator Facility (RARAF) is based on a 4-MV Van de Graaff accelerator, which is used to generate a variety of well-characterized radiation beams for research in radiobiology, radiological physics, and radiation chemistry. It is part of the Center for Radiological Research (CRR) - formerly the Radiological Research Laboratory (RRL) - of Columbia University, and its operation is supported as a National Facility by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). As such, RARAF is available to all potential users on an equal basis and scientists outside the CRR are encouraged to submit proposals for experiments at RARAF. The operation of the Van de Graaff is supported by the DOE, but the research projects themselves must be supported separately. RARAF was conceived in the mid-1960s by Drs. Victor P. Bond of Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) and Harald H. Rossi of Columbia University as a research resource dedicated to radiobiology and radiological physics and was officially established on January 1, 1967. The RARAF Van de Graaff accelerator originally served as the injector for the Cosmotron, a 2-GeV accelerator operated at BNL in the 1950s and early 1960s. The immediate aim was to provide a source of monoenergetic neutrons for studies in radiation biology, dosimetry, and microdosimetry. In other major projects the energetic ions produced were utilized directly. RARAF was located at BNL from 1967 until 1980, when it was dismantled and moved to the Nevis Laboratories of Columbia University, where it was then reassembled and returned to operation. This report contains the following information on RARAF: RARAF user's guide; scientific advisory committee; research using RARAF; accelerator utilization and operation; and development of the facilities

  15. Desponta novo ator no campo religioso brasileiro? O Padre Cícero Romão Batista

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pierre Sanchis

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available É em torno dos vários sentidos possíveis do qualificativo de "popular" que gira a problemática deste artigo. A figura carismática do Pe. Cícero Romão Batista, patriarca de Juazeiro, integra de há muito o panteão da devoção popular de milhões de romeiros, mas era objeto até hoje de amplas reservas no seio da Igreja oficial. O momento parece ser de revisão destas perspectivas. A reabilitação institucional do "padrinho" pode estar em curso. Pergunta-se aqui em que medida e com que condições esta transformação da sua imagem pode confluir com certa metamorfose do que se convencionou chamar de "Igreja Popular", de modo a dotar inesperadamente de novo ícone o catolicismo brasileiro em seu conjunto.The discussion presented in this paper turns around the several possible meanings of the qualifying adjective "popular". The charismatic figure of Father Cícero Romão Batista, Juazeiro's patriarch, has belonged, for many decades, to the pantheon of popular devotion of millions of pilgrims, but it is nevertheless still regarded with strong reserve inside the official Church. At the moment, it seems that this official position is being reviewed. An institutional rehabilitation of the "godfather" may well being under way. This being the case, the paper asks if, to what extent and under what conditions, can this transformation of Father Cícero's image flow together with certain metamorphosis of what has been named "Popular Church", so as to endow, even though unexpectedly, the Brazilian Catholicism with a new icon.

  16. Allocating structure to function: the strong links between neuroplasticity and natural selection

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michael L Anderson

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available A central question in brain evolution is how species-typical behaviors, and the neural function-structure mappings supporting them, can be acquired and inherited. Advocates of brain modularity, in its different incarnations across scientific subfields, argue that natural selection must target domain-dedicated, separately modifiable neural subsystems, resulting in genetically-specified functional modules. In such modular systems, specification of neuron number and functional connectivity are necessarily linked. Mounting evidence, however, from allometric, developmental, comparative, systems-physiological, neuroimaging and neurological studies suggests that brain elements are used and reused in multiple functional systems. This variable allocation can be seen in short-term neuromodulation, in neuroplasticity over the lifespan and in response to damage. We argue that the same processes are evident in brain evolution. Natural selection must preserve behavioral functions that may co-locate in variable amounts with other functions. In genetics, the uses and problems of pleiotropy, the re-use of genes in multiple networks have been much discussed, but this issue has been sidestepped in neural systems by the invocation of modules. Here we highlight the interaction between evolutionary and developmental mechanisms to produce distributed and overlapping functional architectures in the brain. These adaptive mechanisms must be robust to perturbations that might disrupt critical information processing and action selection, but must also recognize useful new sources of information arising from internal genetic or environmental variability, when those appear. These contrasting properties of robustness and evolvability have been discussed for the basic organization of body plan and fundamental cell physiology. Here we extend them to the evolution and development, evo-devo, of brain structure.

  17. Combination of the Endogenous lhcsr1 Promoter and Codon Usage Optimization Boosts Protein Expression in the Moss Physcomitrella patens

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Manuel Hiss

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available The moss Physcomitrella patens is used both as an evo-devo model and biotechnological production system for metabolites and pharmaceuticals. Strong in vivo expression of genes of interest is important for production of recombinant proteins, e.g., selectable markers, fluorescent proteins, or enzymes. In this regard, the choice of the promoter sequence as well as codon usage optimization are two important inside factors to consider in order to obtain optimum protein accumulation level. To reliably quantify fluorescence, we transfected protoplasts with promoter:GFP fusion constructs and measured fluorescence intensity of living protoplasts in a plate reader system. We used the red fluorescent protein mCherry under 2x 35S promoter control as second reporter to normalize for different transfection efficiencies. We derived a novel endogenous promoter and compared deletion variants with exogenous promoters. We used different codon-adapted green fluorescent protein (GFP genes to evaluate the influence of promoter choice and codon optimization on protein accumulation in P. patens, and show that the promoter of the gene of P. patens chlorophyll a/b binding protein lhcsr1 drives expression of GFP in protoplasts significantly (more than twofold better than the commonly used 2x 35S promoter or the rice actin1 promoter. We identified a shortened 677 bp version of the lhcsr1 promoter that retains full activity in protoplasts. The codon optimized GFP yields significantly (more than twofold stronger fluorescence signals and thus demonstrates that adjusting codon usage in P. patens can increase expression strength. In combination, new promotor and codon optimized GFP conveyed sixfold increased fluorescence signal.

  18. Establishment of zygomorphy on an ontogenic spiral and evolution of perianth in the tribe Delphinieae (Ranunculaceae).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jabbour, Florian; Ronse De Craene, Louis P; Nadot, Sophie; Damerval, Catherine

    2009-10-01

    Ranunculaceae presents both ancestral and derived floral traits for eudicots, and as such is of potential interest to understand key steps involved in the evolution of zygomorphy in eudicots. Zygomorphy evolved once in Ranunculaceae, in the speciose and derived tribe Delphinieae. This tribe consists of two genera (Aconitum and Delphinium s.l.) comprising more than one-quarter of the species of the family. In this paper, the establishment of zygomorphy during development was investigated to cast light on the origin and evolution of this morphological novelty. METHODS; The floral developmental sequence of six species of Ranunculaceae, three actinomorphic (Nigella damascena, Aquilegia alpina and Clematis recta) and three zygomorphic (Aconitum napellus, Delphinium staphisagria and D. grandiflorum), was compared. A developmental model was elaborated to break down the successive acquisitions of floral organ identities on the ontogenic spiral (all the species studied except Aquilegia have a spiral phyllotaxis), giving clues to understanding this complex morphogenesis from an evo-devo point of view. In addition, the evolution of symmetry in Ranunculaceae was examined in conjunction with other traits of flowers and with ecological factors. In the species studied, zygomorphy is established after organogenesis is completed, and is late, compared with other zygomorphic eudicot species. Zygomorphy occurs in flowers characterized by a fixed merism and a partially reduced and transformed corolla. It is suggested that shifts in expression of genes controlling the merism, as well as floral symmetry and organ identity, have played a critical role in the evolution of zygomorphy in Delphinieae, while the presence of pollinators able to exploit the peculiar morphology of the flower has been a key factor for the maintenance and diversification of this trait.

  19. La Fiesta en torno de la Virgen María de Guadalupe (The Feast around the Virgin Mary of Guadalupe - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2011v9n20p9

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pedro Alarcon Mendez

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Através de algumas considerações de caráter teológico, pretendemos mostrar que a festa da Virgem Maria de Guadalupe tem profundo enraizamento no coração do povo de Deus, por duas razões fundamentais: Primeiro: a devoção à "Guadalupana" nos remete à Palavra de Deus, que instrui nossa fé; e segundo, tal devoção se funda em uma verdadeira epifania profética. A reflexão teológica se sustenta em algumas idéias centrais: Guadalupe permite a reestruturação da consciência indígena. Analogicamente, Guadalupe permite nomear a Deus em três modos: cristológico, trinitário e antropológico. Guadalupe, gravada na Tilma (manto de Juan Diego, desvela um mundo como mundo de Maria que não é possível habitar. Na narrativa do Nican Mopohua discernimos uma Simbólica da Bondade originária, que manifesta o amor misericordioso do Pai no Filho, com a figura do Servo Sofredor como pano de fundo. Finalmente, Guadalupe remete ao texto bíblico, por ser interpretação do mesmo e sinal de sua recepção. A Virgem de Guadalupe assume dessa forma as características de um verdadeiro profeta. Palavras-chave: Festa; sagrado; sociedade; religião.   Resumen Es nuestro propósito mostrar, a través de algunas consideraciones de caracter teológico, que la Fiesta en torno de la Virgen María de Guadalupe tiene un arraigo profundo en el corazón del pueblo de Dios por dos razones fundamentales: Primero, la devoción a la Guadalupana nos remite a la Palabra de Dios, que instruye nuestra Fe; y segundo, la devoción se funda en una verdadera epifanía profética. La reflexión teológica se basa en algunas ideas fuerza: Guadalupe permite la reestructuración de la conciencia indígena. Guadalupe analógicamente permite nombrar a Dios en tres modos, cristológico, trinitario y antropológico. Guadalupe, grabada en la Tilma de Juan Diego, despliega un mundo como mundo de María que nos es posible habitar. En la narrativa del Nican Mopohua discernimos una

  20. Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis treated successfully for one year with omalizumab

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Collins J

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available Jennifer Collins,1 Gabriele deVos,2 Golda Hudes,2 David Rosenstreich21New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, 2Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USABackground: Current therapy for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA uses oral corticosteroids, exposing patients to the adverse effects of these agents. There are reports of the steroid-sparing effect of anti-IgE therapy with omalizumab for ABPA in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF, but there is little information on its efficacy against ABPA in patients with bronchial asthma without CF.Objective: To examine the effects of omalizumab, measured by asthma control, blood eosinophilia, total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE, oral corticosteroid requirements, and forced expiratory volume spirometry in patients with ABPA and bronchial asthma.Methods: A retrospective review of charts from 2004–2006 of patients treated with omalizumab at an academic allergy and immunology practice in the Bronx, New York were examined for systemic steroid and rescue inhaler usage, serum immunoglobulin E levels, blood eosinophil counts, and asthma symptoms, as measured by the Asthma Control Test (ACT.Results: A total of 21 charts were screened for the diagnosis of ABPA and bronchial asthma. Four patients with ABPA were identified; two of these patients were male. The median monthly systemic corticosteroid use at 6 months and 12 months decreased from baseline usage. Total serum IgE decreased in all patients at 12 months of therapy. Pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory vital capacity at one second (FEV1 was variable at 1 year of treatment. There was an improvement in Asthma Control Test (ACT symptom scores for both daytime and nighttime symptoms.Conclusions: Treatment with omalizumab creates a steroid-sparing effect, reduces systemic inflammatory markers, and results in improvement in ACT scores in patients with ABPA.Keywords: allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

  1. Ensino primário franquista: os livros escolares como instrumento de doutrinação infantil Francoist Primary education: the schoolbook as an instrument of child indoctrination

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Helena Rolim Capelato

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available O regime franquista, sobretudo nas primeiras décadas, exerceu amplo controle sobre a educação, que ficou sob a responsabilidade dos nacionalistas católicos. Produziram-se inúmeros livros escolares infantis orientados por forte sentido patriótico e religioso. Os autores tinham como objetivo moldar as consciências mirins com base nos pressupostos básicos da mentalidade que dava sustentação ao regime: autoridade, hierarquia, ordem, obediência, temor e devoção a Deus e ao Chefe Francisco Franco. Este texto analisa o conteúdo dos livros destinados ao ensino primário, mostrando como eles foram instrumentos importantes de doutrinação infantil, marcada pela intolerância. O conteúdo e as imagens neles presentes contribuíram para construir uma identidade nacional excludente, a qual estimulava o heroísmo, o martírio, o sacrifício infantil e o ódio aos inimigos da religião e da "Madre España".The Francoist rule, mainly in its first decades, exerted a strong control upon education, which was left in the hands of the Catholic nationalist. Innumerous children’s schoolbooks were published driven by strong patriotic and religious bias. The authors aimed to shape the children’s minds based on the premises that supported the regimen: authority, hierarchy, order, abeyance, fear and devotion to God and the leader Francisco Franco. This paper analyzes the content of the elementary education books and shows how they were important instruments of child indoctrination marked by intolerance. The content and the images of the books contributed to construct an excluding national identity based on a heightened Catholic patriotism, stimulated heroism, martyrdom, child sacrifice, and hatred for the enemies of the religion and of "mother Spain".

  2. Unexpected variation in neuroanatomy among diverse nematode species

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ziduan eHan

    2016-01-01

    than previously assumed and recommend this diverse phylum for future evo-devo-neuro studies.

  3. Evolution of networks for body plan patterning; interplay of modularity, robustness and evolvability.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kirsten H Ten Tusscher

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available A major goal of evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo is to understand how multicellular body plans of increasing complexity have evolved, and how the corresponding developmental programs are genetically encoded. It has been repeatedly argued that key to the evolution of increased body plan complexity is the modularity of the underlying developmental gene regulatory networks (GRNs. This modularity is considered essential for network robustness and evolvability. In our opinion, these ideas, appealing as they may sound, have not been sufficiently tested. Here we use computer simulations to study the evolution of GRNs' underlying body plan patterning. We select for body plan segmentation and differentiation, as these are considered to be major innovations in metazoan evolution. To allow modular networks to evolve, we independently select for segmentation and differentiation. We study both the occurrence and relation of robustness, evolvability and modularity of evolved networks. Interestingly, we observed two distinct evolutionary strategies to evolve a segmented, differentiated body plan. In the first strategy, first segments and then differentiation domains evolve (SF strategy. In the second scenario segments and domains evolve simultaneously (SS strategy. We demonstrate that under indirect selection for robustness the SF strategy becomes dominant. In addition, as a byproduct of this larger robustness, the SF strategy is also more evolvable. Finally, using a combined functional and architectural approach, we determine network modularity. We find that while SS networks generate segments and domains in an integrated manner, SF networks use largely independent modules to produce segments and domains. Surprisingly, we find that widely used, purely architectural methods for determining network modularity completely fail to establish this higher modularity of SF networks. Finally, we observe that, as a free side effect of evolving segmentation

  4. Mosaic convergence of rodent dentitions.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vincent Lazzari

    pathways. Because convergent pathways imply distinct ontogenetic trajectories, new Evo/Devo comparative studies on cusp morphogenesis are necessary.

  5. Conditional and specific cell ablation in the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii.

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    Vinoth Babu Veedin-Rajan

    Full Text Available The marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii has become a model system for evo-devo, neurobiology and marine biology. The functional assessment of its cell types, however, has so far been very limited. Here we report on the establishment of a generally applicable, cell type specific ablation technique to overcome this restriction. Using a transgenic strain expressing the bacterial enzyme nitroreductase (ntr under the control of the worm's r-opsin1 locus, we show that the demarcated photoreceptor cells can be specifically ablated by the addition of the prodrug metronidazole (mtz. TUNEL staining indicates that ntr expressing cells undergo apoptotic cell death. As we used a transgenic strain co-expressing ntr with enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp coding sequence, we were able to validate the ablation of photoreceptors not only in fixed tissue, using r-opsin1 riboprobes, but also by monitoring eGFP+ cells in live animals. The specificity of the ablation was demonstrated by the normal presence of the eye pigment cells, as well as of neuronal markers expressed in other cells of the brain, such as phc2, tyrosine hydroxylase and brn1/2/4. Additional analyses of the position of DAPI stained nuclei, the brain's overall neuronal scaffold, as well as the positions and projections of serotonergic neurons further confirmed that mtz treatment did not induce general abnormalities in the worm's brain. As the prodrug is administered by adding it to the water, targeted ablation of specific cell types can be achieved throughout the life of the animal. We show that ablation conditions need to be adjusted to the size of the worms, likely due to differences in the penetration of the prodrug, and establish ablation conditions for worms containing 10 to 55 segments. Our results establish mtz/ntr mediated conditional cell ablation as a powerful functional tool in Platynereis.

  6. Waiting in the wings: what can we learn about gene co-option from the diversification of butterfly wing patterns?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jiggins, Chris D; Wallbank, Richard W R; Hanly, Joseph J

    2017-02-05

    A major challenge is to understand how conserved gene regulatory networks control the wonderful diversity of form that we see among animals and plants. Butterfly wing patterns are an excellent example of this diversity. Butterfly wings form as imaginal discs in the caterpillar and are constructed by a gene regulatory network, much of which is conserved across the holometabolous insects. Recent work in Heliconius butterflies takes advantage of genomic approaches and offers insights into how the diversification of wing patterns is overlaid onto this conserved network. WntA is a patterning morphogen that alters spatial information in the wing. Optix is a transcription factor that acts later in development to paint specific wing regions red. Both of these loci fit the paradigm of conserved protein-coding loci with diverse regulatory elements and developmental roles that have taken on novel derived functions in patterning wings. These discoveries offer insights into the 'Nymphalid Ground Plan', which offers a unifying hypothesis for pattern formation across nymphalid butterflies. These loci also represent 'hotspots' for morphological change that have been targeted repeatedly during evolution. Both convergent and divergent evolution of a great diversity of patterns is controlled by complex alleles at just a few genes. We suggest that evolutionary change has become focused on one or a few genetic loci for two reasons. First, pre-existing complex cis-regulatory loci that already interact with potentially relevant transcription factors are more likely to acquire novel functions in wing patterning. Second, the shape of wing regulatory networks may constrain evolutionary change to one or a few loci. Overall, genomic approaches that have identified wing patterning loci in these butterflies offer broad insight into how gene regulatory networks evolve to produce diversity.This article is part of the themed issue 'Evo-devo in the genomics era, and the origins of morphological

  7. Epigenetics: A way to bridge the gap between biological fields.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nicoglou, Antonine; Merlin, Francesca

    2017-12-01

    The concept of epigenetics has evolved since Waddington defined it from the late 1930s as the study of the causal mechanisms at work in development. It has become a multi-faceted notion with different meanings, depending on the disciplinary context it is used. In this article, we first analyse the transformations of the concept of epigenetics, from Waddington to contemporary accounts, in order to identify its different meanings and traditions, and to come up with a typology of epigenetics throughout its history. Second, we show on this basis that epigenetics has progressively turned its main focus from biological problems regarding development, toward issues concerning evolution. Yet, both these different epistemological aspects of epigenetics still coexist. Third, we claim that the classical opposition between epigenesis and preformationism as ways of thinking about the developmental process is part of the history of epigenetics and has contributed to its current various meanings. With these objectives in mind, we first show how Waddington introduced the term "epigenetics" in a biological context in order to solve a developmental problem, and we then build on this by presenting Nanney's, Riggs' and Holliday's definitions, which form the basis for the current conception of "molecular epigenetics". Then, we show that the evo-devo research field is where some particular uses of epigenetics have started shifting from developmental issues to evolutionary problems. We also show that epigenetics has progressively focused on the issue of epigenetic inheritance within the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis' framework. Finally, we conclude by presenting a typology of the different conceptions of epigenetics throughout time, and analyse the connections between them. We argue that, since Waddington, epigenetics, as an integrative research area, has been used to bridge the gap between different biological fields. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  8. Characteristics and lessons learned from practice-based research networks (PBRNs in the United States

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    Keller S

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Melinda M Davis,1,2 Sara Keller,1 Jennifer E DeVoe,1,3 Deborah J Cohen11Department of Family Medicine, 2Oregon Rural Practice-based Research Network, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; 3OCHIN Practice-based Research Network, Portland, OR, USAAbstract: Practice-based research networks (PBRNs are organizations that involve practicing clinicians in asking and answering clinically relevant research questions. This review explores the origins, characteristics, funding, and lessons learned through practice-based research in the United States. Primary care PBRNs emerged in the USA in the 1970s. Early studies explored the etiology of common problems encountered in primary care practices (eg, headache, miscarriage, demonstrating the gap between research conducted in controlled specialty settings and real-world practices. Over time, national initiatives and an evolving funding climate have shaped PBRN development, contributing to larger networks, a push for shared electronic health records, and the use of a broad range of research methodologies (eg, observational studies, pragmatic randomized controlled trials, continuous quality improvement, participatory methods. Today, there are over 160 active networks registered with the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's PBRN Resource Center that engage primary care clinicians, pharmacists, dentists, and other health care professionals in research and quality-improvement initiatives. PBRNs provide an important laboratory for encouraging collaborative research partnerships between academicians and practices or communities to improve population health, conduct comparative effectiveness and patient-centered outcomes research, and study health policy reform. PBRNs continue to face critical challenges that include: (1 adapting to a changing landscape; (2 recruiting and retaining membership; (3 securing infrastructure support; (4 straddling two worlds (academia and community and managing

  9. MODELOS DE VIRTUDE CRISTÃ: A PIA UNIÃO DAS FILHAS DE MARIA EM UMA PARÓQUIA DE ORIGEM ITALIANA

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    Fabio Augusto Scarpim

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar uma associação religiosa feminina em uma paróquia formada por imigrantes italianos, situada no município de Campo Largo, Paraná; nas décadas de 1940 e 1960. A Pia União das Filhas de Maria foi uma das associações femininas leigas de maior peso da Igreja no contexto de romanização do catolicismo. Com o objetivo de implementar parâmetros de feminilidade, pautado nos ideais de pureza sexual, obediência, humildade e devoção, inspirados nos modelos das santas mães e/ou virgens como Maria e Inês, padroeiras da associação, definia-se o ideal de comportamento para as moças católicas. Das associadas era cobrado um comportamento bastante rígido que ia desde as vestimentas até os gestos, cuja fita azul (símbolo de pertencimento usada em meio às vestes brancas tinha forte apelo simbólico, pois atribuía a integrante uma identidade de moça respeitável, devota, pura, e que tinha um papel de destaque na Igreja. Nessa direção procuraremos enfatizar os modelos de virtude, os valores morais e o ideal de comportamento que a Igreja Católica buscou impor para um grupo de moças que serviriam de espelho para as demais. Da mesma maneira, procuraremos compreender como a experiência de fazer parte da Associação está presente na memória das jovens, bem como a sua importância na construção da identidade seja individual como coletiva na paróquia em estudo.

  10. Embryonic and larval development in the Midas cichlid fish species flock (Amphilophus spp.): a new evo-devo model for the investigation of adaptive novelties and species differences.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kratochwil, Claudius F; Sefton, Maggie M; Meyer, Axel

    2015-02-26

    Central American crater lake cichlid fish of the Midas species complex (Amphilophus spp.) are a model system for sympatric speciation and fast ecological diversification and specialization. Midas cichlids have been intensively analyzed from an ecological and morphological perspective. Genomic resources such as transcriptomic and genomic data sets, and a high-quality draft genome are available now. Many ecologically relevant species-specific traits and differences such as pigmentation and cranial morphology arise during development. Detailed descriptions of the early development of the Midas cichlid in particular, will help to investigate the ontogeny of species differences and adaptations. We describe the embryonic and larval development of the crater lake cichlid, Amphilophus xiloaensis, until seven days after fertilization. Similar to previous studies on teleost development, we describe six periods of embryogenesis - the zygote, cleavage, blastula, gastrula, segmentation, and post-hatching period. Furthermore, we define homologous stages to well-described teleost models such as medaka and zebrafish, as well as other cichlid species such as the Nile tilapia and the South American cichlid Cichlasoma dimerus. Key morphological differences between the embryos of Midas cichlids and other teleosts are highlighted and discussed, including the presence of adhesive glands and different early chromatophore patterns, as well as variation in developmental timing. The developmental staging of the Midas cichlid will aid researchers in the comparative investigation of teleost ontogenies. It will facilitate comparative developmental biological studies of Neotropical and African cichlid fish in particular. In the past, the species flocks of the African Great Lakes have received the most attention from researchers, but some lineages of the 300-400 species of Central American lakes are fascinating model systems for adaptive radiation and rapid phenotypic evolution. The availability of genetic resources, their status as a model system for evolutionary research, and the possibility to perform functional experiments including transgenesis makes the Midas cichlid complex a very attractive model for evolutionary-developmental research.

  11. Proceedings of the 2016 China Cancer Immunotherapy Workshop

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    Bin Xue

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available Table of contents A1 Proceedings of 2016 China Cancer Immunotherapy Workshop, Beijing, China Bin Xue, Jiaqi Xu, Wenru Song, Zhimin Yang, Ke Liu, Zihai Li A2 Set the stage: fundamental immunology in forty minutes Zihai Li A3 What have we learnt from the anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy of advanced human cancer? Lieping Chen A4 Immune checkpoint inhibitors in lung cancer Edward B. Garon A5 Mechanisms of response and resistance to checkpoint inhibitors in melanoma Siwen Hu-Lieskovan A6 Checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy in lymphoid malignancies Wei Ding A7 Translational research to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in genitourinary malignancies Chong-Xian Pan A8 Immune checkpoint inhibitors in gastrointestinal malignancies Weijing Sun A9 What’s next beyond PD-1/PDL1? Yong-Jun Liu A10 Cancer vaccines: new insights into the oldest immunotherapy strategy Lei Zheng A11 Bispecific antibodies for cancer immunotherapy Delong Liu A12 Updates on CAR-T immunotherapy Michel Sadelain A13 Adoptive T cell therapy: personalizing cancer treatment Cassian Yee A14 Immune targets and neoantigens for cancer immunotherapy Rongfu Wang A15 Phase I/IIa trial of chimeric antigen receptor modified T cells against CD133 in patients with advanced and metastatic solid tumors Meixia Chen, Yao Wang, Zhiqiang Wu, Hanren Dai, Can Luo, Yang Liu, Chuan Tong, Yelei Guo, Qingming Yang, Weidong Han A16 Cancer immunotherapy biomarkers: progress and issues Lisa H. Butterfield A17 Shaping of immunotherapy response by cancer genomes Timothy A. Chan A18 Unique development consideration for cancer immunotherapy Wenru Song A19 Immunotherapy combination Ruirong Yuan A20 Immunotherapy combination with radiotherapy Bo Lu A21 Cancer immunotherapy: past, present and future Ke Liu A22 Breakthrough therapy designation drug development and approval Max Ning A23 Current European regulation of innovative oncology medicines: opportunities for immunotherapy Harald Enzmann, Heinz Zwierzina

  12. Describing the Process of Adopting Nutrition and Fitness Apps: Behavior Stage Model Approach.

    Science.gov (United States)

    König, Laura M; Sproesser, Gudrun; Schupp, Harald T; Renner, Britta

    2018-03-13

    decision-making style. ©Laura M König, Gudrun Sproesser, Harald T Schupp, Britta Renner. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 13.03.2018.

  13. Californium loan programme

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1974-01-01

    The offer of the United States to loan Californium-252 sources to the IAEA was made by Dr. Glenn T. Seaborg, then chairman of the USAEC, in his opening statement at the 15th. General Conference of the IAEA held in Vienna in 1971. The purpose of this loan was to make neutron emitting sources available to universities in the Member States for use in educational programmes. The sources, in the form of small needles designed for medical use in radiation therapy, were judged highly suitable for didactic applications due to their small size, limited activity and well documented radiological parameters. Subsequently, in May 1973, the Director General announced the availability of the Californium sources to the Member States. To date, numerous sources have been loaned to universities in Czechoslovakia, Costa Rica, the Federal Republic of Germany, Ghana, India, Iran, Israel, Japan, South Africa, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and Uruguay; additional applications for loans are being processed. It is anticipated that the loan programme will be terminated in 1975 once all the available sources have been distributed. n order to provide guidance for the Member States on the safe exploitation of these sources, a prototype use and storage facility was designed by IAEA staff of the Dosimetry Section of the Division of Life Sciences, and constructed at the IAEA laboratory in Seibersdorf, Austria. Figures 2-5 illustrate some of the details of this container, which is being given to the Ghana Nuclear Centre in support of a training programme for students at the university in Accra. Further advice to users of these sources will be provided by the publication of an instructional syllabus, a laboratory manual for experiments and the safety precautions inherent in the proper handling of neutron emitting radionuclides, authored by Professors Erich J. Hall and Harald H. Rossi of Columbia University. The syllabus and manual will be published as part of the IAEA Technical Series in September

  14. Melting the vacuum

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rafelski, J.

    1998-01-01

    Results presented at the Quark Matter 97 conference, held in December in Tsukuba, Japan, have provided new insights into the confinement of quarks in matter. The current physics paradigm is that the inertial masses of protons and neutrons, and hence of practically all of the matter around us, originate in the zero-point energy caused by the confinement of quarks inside the small volume of the nucleon. Today, 25 years after Harald Fritzsch, Heinrich Leutwyler and Murray Gell-Mann proposed quantum chromodynamics (QCD) as a means for understanding strongly interacting particles such as nucleons and mesons, our understanding of strong interactions and quark confinement remains incomplete. Quarks and the gluons that bind them together have a ''colour'' charge that may be red, green or blue. But quarks are seen in particles that are white: baryons such as protons and neutrons consist of three quarks with different colour charges, while mesons consist of a quark and an antiquark, and again the colour charge cancels out. To prove that confinement arises from quark-gluon fluctuations in the vacuum that quantum theories dictate exists today, we need to find a way of freeing the colour charge of quarks. Experiments must therefore ''melt'' the vacuum to deconfine quarks and the colour charge. By colliding nuclei at high energies, we hope to produce regions of space filled with free quarks and gluons. This deconfined phase is known as the quark-gluon plasma. At the Tsukuba meeting, Scott Pratt of Michigan State University in the US discussed measurements that show that the hot dense state of matter created in these collisions exists for only 2x10 -23 s. So does the quark gluon plasma exist? No-one doubts that it did at one time, before the vacuum froze into its current state about 20 into the life of the universe, causing the nucleons to form as we know them today. The issue is whether we can recreate this early stage of the universe in laboratory experiments. And if we did

  15. Fibromyalgia with severe forms of progression in a multidisciplinary therapy setting with emphasis on hyperthermia therapy – a prospective controlled study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Romeyke T

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Tobias Romeyke, Hans Christoph Scheuer, Harald Stummer Department of Public Health and Health Technology Assessment, Division for Organizational Behavior Research and Workplace Health Promotion, University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Vienna, Austria Introduction: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS is a multi-factorial disease involving physiological as well as psychological factors. The aim of the study was to investigate a multidisciplinary inpatient treatment with emphasis on hyperthermia therapy by patients with widespread pain.Materials and methods: The study involved 104 patients suffering from severely progressive FMS. A convenience sample and a prospective cohort design were used. The patients were treated in an acute hospital focusing on rheumatologic pain therapy and multidisciplinary complementary medicine. One patient group was treated with inclusion of hyperthermia therapy and the other group without. The therapy density (number of performed therapies per patient was determined for every patient. Functional capacity measured by the Hannover functional status questionnaire (Funktionsfragebogen Hannover and symptoms (von Zerssen complaint list were analyzed for both groups on admission and on discharge.Results: On admission, no significant difference could be established between control group (CG; multimodal without hyperthermia and hyperthermia group (HG; multimodal with hyperthermia (functional capacity, P=0.936. Functional capacity improved for the CG and the HG. On discharge, there was a significant difference between the two groups (functional capacity, P=0.039. There were no significant differences in fibromyalgia symptoms between CG (mean 41.8 and HG (mean 41.8 on their admission to hospital (P=0.988. On discharge, there was a significant difference (P=0.024 between the two groups (HG, mean 30.6; CG, mean 36.6. The inpatient therapy of patients with severely progressive fibromyalgia is characterized by a

  16. Devoção e identidades: significados do culto de Santo Elesbão e Santa Efigênia no Rio de Janeiro e nas Minas Gerais no Setecentos

    OpenAIRE

    Oliveira, Anderson José Machado de

    2006-01-01

    O artigo procura refletir sobre o papel do culto de Santo Elesbão e Santa Efigênia, no século XVIII, como um dos fatores de construção de identidades entre segmentos da população negra no Brasil colonial. Defendo a idéia de que o estímulo ao culto fazia parte de uma das estratégias da Igreja na conversão de africanos e seus descendentes, no entanto, a complexidade do processo caracterizado pela diáspora das culturas africanas na América deu a este projeto de conversão outras dimensões. Num pr...

  17. Marx and the critique of capitalist society: critique of labor/Marx e a crítica ontológica da sociedade capitalista: crítica do trabalho

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mario Duayer

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available The paper seeks to emphasize what in my opinion can be consideredthe main thrust of Marxian work: the critique of political economy as an ontological critique of the modern capitalist society. Such critique begins to take its ultimate form with the Grundrisse. The argument runs as follows. Firstly, it tries to show briefly the debilitating effects, both in theory and practice, brought about in the last decades by the dissolution of the Marxian ontological critique. Secondly, it argues that real critique is ontological critique and, consequently, has to explain what such a critique consists of. Finally, agreeing with Postone’s suggested reinterpretation of Marx’s ideas, but diverging from him precisely with respect to ontology, it suggests that the ontological critique produced by Marx is a critique of labor or, in other words, critique of the centrality of labor, which is specific of the capitalist society.O artigo pretende destacar o que constitui para mim o propósitocentral da obra marxiana que, nos Grundrisse, começa a tomar forma acabada,a saber, a crítica da economia política como crítica ontológica da modernasociedade capitalista. O argumento está assim estruturado. Em primeiro lugar,inicio procurando mostrar de maneira sintética os efeitos paralisantes, teóricose práticos, da dissolução da crítica ontológica marxiana nas últimas décadas.Em segundo lugar, e justamente por isso, tento sustentar que crítica de fato écrítica ontológica e, em consequência, devo mostrar de que se trata essa crítica.Por último, concordando com a interpretação da obra de Marx proposta porMoishe Postone, mas diferindo dela precisamente no que diz respeito à onto-logia, procuro demonstrar que a crítica ontológica elaborada por Marx é críticado trabalho, ou, caso se queira, crítica da centralidade do trabalho, própria eespecífica da sociedade capitalista.

  18. Sequencing and analysis of the Mediterranean amphioxus (Branchiostoma lanceolatum transcriptome.

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    Silvan Oulion

    Full Text Available BACKGROUND: The basally divergent phylogenetic position of amphioxus (Cephalochordata, as well as its conserved morphology, development and genetics, make it the best proxy for the chordate ancestor. Particularly, studies using the amphioxus model help our understanding of vertebrate evolution and development. Thus, interest for the amphioxus model led to the characterization of both the transcriptome and complete genome sequence of the American species, Branchiostoma floridae. However, recent technical improvements allowing induction of spawning in the laboratory during the breeding season on a daily basis with the Mediterranean species Branchiostoma lanceolatum have encouraged European Evo-Devo researchers to adopt this species as a model even though no genomic or transcriptomic data have been available. To fill this need we used the pyrosequencing method to characterize the B. lanceolatum transcriptome and then compared our results with the published transcriptome of B. floridae. RESULTS: Starting with total RNA from nine different developmental stages of B. lanceolatum, a normalized cDNA library was constructed and sequenced on Roche GS FLX (Titanium mode. Around 1.4 million of reads were produced and assembled into 70,530 contigs (average length of 490 bp. Overall 37% of the assembled sequences were annotated by BlastX and their Gene Ontology terms were determined. These results were then compared to genomic and transcriptomic data of B. floridae to assess similarities and specificities of each species. CONCLUSION: We obtained a high-quality amphioxus (B. lanceolatum reference transcriptome using a high throughput sequencing approach. We found that 83% of the predicted genes in the B. floridae complete genome sequence are also found in the B. lanceolatum transcriptome, while only 41% were found in the B. floridae transcriptome obtained with traditional Sanger based sequencing. Therefore, given the high degree of sequence conservation

  19. La encrucijada de la teoría sintética: expansionismo o nueva síntesis teórica

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    Dressino, Vicente

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available El debate actual en biología evolutiva está focalizado en los aportes de la epigenética, en los cambios conceptuales del término "gen" y sus repercusiones en la teoría sintética de la evolución. En este sentido, se plantean dos corrientes principales, una sostiene la expansión de la teoría a través del agregado de nuevas disciplinas como la epigenética y evo-devo. Por otro lado, los partidarios de la resíntesis proponen la necesidad de una nueva teoría sin los supuestos teóricos de la anterior. Los expansionistas se basan en el preconcepto de que cualquier agregado conceptual o disciplinar puede ser asimilado a la teoría sin que se presenten contradicciones teóricas y metodológicas. Por otra parte, los partidarios de la resíntesis afi rman que los aportes de la epigenética no se corresponden con los postulados reduccionistas de la teoría ya que los cambios epigenéticos no son de origen genético, poniendo en tela de juicio el accionar de la selección natural. Otro factor de importancia para la teoría es el cambio conceptual del término "gen" que afecta a la raíz misma de sus postulados teóricos. El objetivo del presente trabajo es discutir esta situación fundamentado en los tres siguientes ejes problemáticos, el rol de la selección natural, el cambio en el concepto de "gen" y la situación de la epigenética en el contexto evolutivo. Se concluye que la resíntesis teórica representa la alternativa más racional para la biología evolutiva en concordancia con los nuevos datos empíricos.

  20. Evolution of New cis-Regulatory Motifs Required for Cell-Specific Gene Expression in Caenorhabditis.

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    Michalis Barkoulas

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available Patterning of C. elegans vulval cell fates relies on inductive signaling. In this induction event, a single cell, the gonadal anchor cell, secretes LIN-3/EGF and induces three out of six competent precursor cells to acquire a vulval fate. We previously showed that this developmental system is robust to a four-fold variation in lin-3/EGF genetic dose. Here using single-molecule FISH, we find that the mean level of expression of lin-3 in the anchor cell is remarkably conserved. No change in lin-3 expression level could be detected among C. elegans wild isolates and only a low level of change-less than 30%-in the Caenorhabditis genus and in Oscheius tipulae. In C. elegans, lin-3 expression in the anchor cell is known to require three transcription factor binding sites, specifically two E-boxes and a nuclear-hormone-receptor (NHR binding site. Mutation of any of these three elements in C. elegans results in a dramatic decrease in lin-3 expression. Yet only a single E-box is found in the Drosophilae supergroup of Caenorhabditis species, including C. angaria, while the NHR-binding site likely only evolved at the base of the Elegans group. We find that a transgene from C. angaria bearing a single E-box is sufficient for normal expression in C. elegans. Even a short 58 bp cis-regulatory fragment from C. angaria with this single E-box is able to replace the three transcription factor binding sites at the endogenous C. elegans lin-3 locus, resulting in the wild-type expression level. Thus, regulatory evolution occurring in cis within a 58 bp lin-3 fragment, results in a strict requirement for the NHR binding site and a second E-box in C. elegans. This single-cell, single-molecule, quantitative and functional evo-devo study demonstrates that conserved expression levels can hide extensive change in cis-regulatory site requirements and highlights the evolution of new cis-regulatory elements required for cell-specific gene expression.

  1. Labeling of mesenchymal stem cells for MRI with single-cell sensitivity

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    Ariza de Schellenberger A

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available Angela Ariza de Schellenberger,1 Harald Kratz,1 Tracy D Farr,2,3 Norbert Löwa,4 Ralf Hauptmann,1 Susanne Wagner,1 Matthias Taupitz,1 Jörg Schnorr,1 Eyk A Schellenberger1 1Department of Radiology, 2Department of Experimental Neurology, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; 3School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Medical School, Nottingham, UK; 4Department of Biomagnetic Signals, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Berlin, Berlin, Germany Abstract: Sensitive cell detection by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI is an important tool for the development of cell therapies. However, clinically approved contrast agents that allow single-cell detection are currently not available. Therefore, we compared very small iron oxide nanoparticles (VSOP and new multicore carboxymethyl dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (multicore particles, MCP designed by our department for magnetic particle imaging (MPI with discontinued Resovist® regarding their suitability for detection of single mesenchymal stem cells (MSC by MRI. We achieved an average intracellular nanoparticle (NP load of >10 pg Fe per cell without the use of transfection agents. NP loading did not lead to significantly different results in proliferation, colony formation, and multilineage in vitro differentiation assays in comparison to controls. MRI allowed single-cell detection using VSOP, MCP, and Resovist® in conjunction with high-resolution T2*-weighted imaging at 7 T with postprocessing of phase images in agarose cell phantoms and in vivo after delivery of 2,000 NP-labeled MSC into mouse brains via the left carotid artery. With optimized labeling conditions, a detection rate of ~45% was achieved; however, the experiments were limited by nonhomogeneous NP loading of the MSC population. Attempts should be made to achieve better cell separation for homogeneous NP loading and to thus improve NP

  2. [Tora Sandström and the history of psychotherapy in Sweden].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Qvarsell, R

    1995-01-01

    of psychotherapy during the years around 1950 Karen Horney and Harald Shjelderup was the most often quoted authors.

  3. Perceptions of Patient Engagement Applications During Pregnancy: A Qualitative Assessment of the Patient's Perspective.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Goetz, Maren; Müller, Mitho; Matthies, Lina Maria; Hansen, Jenny; Doster, Anne; Szabo, Akos; Pauluschke-Fröhlich, Jan; Abele, Harald; Sohn, Christof; Wallwiener, Markus; Wallwiener, Stephanie

    2017-05-26

    highly frequented source of information. Expectations and usability requirements for those applications are also high, thus posing a challenge to interdisciplinary service providers. Patients' attitude toward integrating apps in routine care settings was positive with a favorable influence on patient empowerment. Health care professionals should guide pregnant women toward a successful integration of these educational tools in pregnancy care. ©Maren Goetz, Mitho Müller, Lina Maria Matthies, Jenny Hansen, Anne Doster, Akos Szabo, Jan Pauluschke-Fröhlich, Harald Abele, Christof Sohn, Markus Wallwiener, Stephanie Wallwiener. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 26.05.2017.

  4. Hypericin-bearing magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for selective drug delivery in photodynamic therapy

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    Unterweger H

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available Harald Unterweger,1 Daniel Subatzus,1 Rainer Tietze,1 Christina Janko,1 Marina Poettler,1 Alfons Stiegelschmitt,2 Matthias Schuster,3 Caroline Maake,4 Aldo R Boccaccini,5 Christoph Alexiou11ENT Department, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON, Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, University Hospital Erlangen; 2Institute of Glass and Ceramics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 3Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; 4Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr, Zurich, Switzerland; 5Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany Abstract: Combining the concept of magnetic drug targeting and photodynamic therapy is a promising approach for the treatment of cancer. A high selectivity as well as significant fewer side effects can be achieved by this method, since the therapeutic treatment only takes place in the area where accumulation of the particles by an external electromagnet and radiation by a laser system overlap. In this article, a novel hypericin-bearing drug delivery system has been developed by synthesis of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs with a hypericin-linked functionalized dextran coating. For that, sterically stabilized dextran-coated SPIONs were produced by coprecipitation and crosslinking with epichlorohydrin to enhance stability. Carboxymethylation of the dextran shell provided a functionalized platform for linking hypericin via glutaraldehyde. Particle sizes obtained by dynamic light scattering were in a range of 55–85 nm, whereas investigation of single magnetite or maghemite particle diameter was performed by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction and resulted in approximately 4.5–5.0 nm. Surface chemistry of those

  5. Anthroposophic therapy for attention deficit hyperactivity: A two-year prospective study in outpatients

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    Harald J Hamre

    2010-08-01

    Full Text Available Harald J Hamre1, Claudia M Witt2, Gunver S Kienle1, Christoph Meinecke3, Anja Glockmann1, Renatus Ziegler4, Stefan N Willich2, Helmut Kiene11Institute for Applied Epistemology and Medical Methodology, Freiburg, Germany; 2Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany; 3Pediatric Consultant, Community Hospital Havelhöhe, Berlin, Germany; 4Society for Cancer Research, Arlesheim, SwitzerlandBackground: Anthroposophic treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD includes special artistic and physical therapies and special medications.Methods: We studied 61 consecutive children starting anthroposophic treatment for ADHD symptoms under routine outpatient conditions. Primary outcome was FBB-HKS (a parents’ questionnaire for ADHD core symptoms, 0–3, and secondary outcomes were disease and symptom scores (physicians’ and parents’ assessment, 0–10 and quality of life (KINDL® total score, 0–100.Results: A total of 67% of patients fulfilled the DSM-IV criteria for ADHD, 15% had an exclusion diagnosis such as pervasive developmental disorders, while 18% did not fulfill ADHD criteria for another reason. Anthroposophic treatment modalities used were eurythmy therapy (in 56% of patients, art therapy (20%, rhythmical massage therapy (8%, and medications (51%. From baseline to six-month follow-up, all outcomes improved significantly; average improvements were FBB-HKS total score 0.30 points (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.18–0.43; P < 0.001, FBB-HKS inattention 0.36 (95% CI: 0.21–0.50; P < 0.001, FBB-HKS hyperactivity 0.29 (95% CI: 0.14–0.44; P < 0.001, FBB-HKS impulsivity 0.22 (95% CI: 0.03–0.40; P < 0.001, disease score 2.33 (95% CI: 1.84–2.82; P < 0.001, symptom score 1.66 (95% CI: 1.17–2.16; P < 0.001, and KINDL 5.37 (95% CI: 2.27–8.47; P = 0.001. Improvements were similar in patients not using stimulants (90% of patients at months 0–6 and

  6. Characterization of a clinical unit for digital radiography based on irradiation side sampling technology

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rivetti, Stefano [Fisica Medica, Ospedale di Sassuolo S.p.A., 41049 Sassuolo (Italy); Lanconelli, Nico [Alma Mater Studiorum, Physics Department, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna (Italy); Bertolini, Marco; Nitrosi, Andrea [Medical Physics Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera ASMN, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, 42123 Reggio Emilia (Italy); Burani, Aldo [Ospedale di Sassuolo S.p.A., 41049 Sassuolo (Italy)

    2013-10-15

    Purpose: A characterization of a clinical unit for digital radiography (FUJIFILM FDR D-EVO) is presented. This system is based on the irradiation side sampling (ISS) technology and can be equipped with two different scintillators: one traditional gadolinium-oxysulphide phosphor (GOS) and a needle structured cesium iodide (CsI) phosphor panel.Methods: The characterization was achieved in terms of response curve, modulation transfer function (MTF), noise power spectra (NPS), detective quantum efficiency (DQE), and psychophysical parameters (contrast-detail analysis with an automatic reading of CDRAD images). For both scintillation screens the authors accomplished the measurements with four standard beam conditions: RAQ3, RQA5, RQA7, and RQA9.Results: At the Nyquist frequency (3.33 lp/mm) the MTF is about 35% and 25% for CsI and GOS detectors, respectively. The CsI scintillator has better noise properties than the GOS screen in almost all the conditions. This is particularly true for low-energy beams, where the noise for the GOS system can go up to a factor 2 greater than that found for CsI. The DQE of the CsI detector reaches a peak of 60%, 60%, 58%, and 50% for the RQA3, RQA5, RQA7, and RQA9 beams, respectively, whereas for the GOS screen the maximum DQE is 40%, 44%, 44%, and 35%. The contrast-detail analysis confirms that in the majority of cases the CsI scintillator is able to provide improved outcomes to those obtained with the GOS screen.Conclusions: The limited diffusion of light produced by the ISS reading makes possible the achievement of very good spatial resolution. In fact, the MTF of the unit with the CsI panel is only slightly lower to that achieved with direct conversion detectors. The combination of very good spatial resolution, together with the good noise properties reached with the CsI screen, allows achieving DQE on average about 1.5 times greater than that obtained with GOS. In fact, the DQE of unit equipped with CsI is comparable to the best

  7. Insights into metazoan evolution from alvinella pompejana cDNAs

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    Thierry Jean-Claude

    2010-11-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Alvinella pompejana is a representative of Annelids, a key phylum for evo-devo studies that is still poorly studied at the sequence level. A. pompejana inhabits deep-sea hydrothermal vents and is currently known as one of the most thermotolerant Eukaryotes in marine environments, withstanding the largest known chemical and thermal ranges (from 5 to 105°C. This tube-dwelling worm forms dense colonies on the surface of hydrothermal chimneys and can withstand long periods of hypo/anoxia and long phases of exposure to hydrogen sulphides. A. pompejana specifically inhabits chimney walls of hydrothermal vents on the East Pacific Rise. To survive, Alvinella has developed numerous adaptations at the physiological and molecular levels, such as an increase in the thermostability of proteins and protein complexes. It represents an outstanding model organism for studying adaptation to harsh physicochemical conditions and for isolating stable macromolecules resistant to high temperatures. Results We have constructed four full length enriched cDNA libraries to investigate the biology and evolution of this intriguing animal. Analysis of more than 75,000 high quality reads led to the identification of 15,858 transcripts and 9,221 putative protein sequences. Our annotation reveals a good coverage of most animal pathways and networks with a prevalence of transcripts involved in oxidative stress resistance, detoxification, anti-bacterial defence, and heat shock protection. Alvinella proteins seem to show a slow evolutionary rate and a higher similarity with proteins from Vertebrates compared to proteins from Arthropods or Nematodes. Their composition shows enrichment in positively charged amino acids that might contribute to their thermostability. The gene content of Alvinella reveals that an important pool of genes previously considered to be specific to Deuterostomes were in fact already present in the last common ancestor of the Bilaterian

  8. Confocal analysis of nervous system architecture in direct-developing juveniles of Neanthes arenaceodentata (Annelida, Nereididae

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    Jacobs David K

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Members of Family Nereididae have complex neural morphology exemplary of errant polychaetes and are leading research models in the investigation of annelid nervous systems. However, few studies focus on the development of their nervous system morphology. Such data are particularly relevant today, as nereidids are the subjects of a growing body of "evo-devo" work concerning bilaterian nervous systems, and detailed knowledge of their developing neuroanatomy facilitates the interpretation of gene expression analyses. In addition, new data are needed to resolve discrepancies between classic studies of nereidid neuroanatomy. We present a neuroanatomical overview based on acetylated α-tubulin labeling and confocal microscopy for post-embryonic stages of Neanthes arenaceodentata, a direct-developing nereidid. Results At hatching (2-3 chaetigers, the nervous system has developed much of the complexity of the adult (large brain, circumesophageal connectives, nerve cords, segmental nerves, and the stomatogastric nervous system is partially formed. By the 5-chaetiger stage, the cephalic appendages and anal cirri are well innervated and have clear connections to the central nervous system. Within one week of hatching (9-chaetigers, cephalic sensory structures (e.g., nuchal organs, Langdon's organs and brain substructures (e.g., corpora pedunculata, stomatogastric ganglia are clearly differentiated. Additionally, the segmental-nerve architecture (including interconnections matches descriptions of other, adult nereidids, and the pharynx has developed longitudinal nerves, nerve rings, and ganglia. All central roots of the stomatogastric nervous system are distinguishable in 12-chaetiger juveniles. Evidence was also found for two previously undescribed peripheral nerve interconnections and aspects of parapodial muscle innervation. Conclusions N. arenaceodentata has apparently lost all essential trochophore characteristics typical of

  9. Evaluation of Nickel Allergic Reactions to the Essure Micro Insert: Theoretical Risk or Daily Practice?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Siemons, Sara; Vleugels, Michel; van Eijndhoven, Hugo

    2017-01-01

    To evaluate whether de novo development of nickel sensitization is related to placement of the Essure device, and to evaluate whether the grade of reaction to nickel increased after device placement in patients with a confirmed nickel allergy. Prospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). Two nonacademic training hospitals in The Netherlands. Healthy women of childbearing age desiring permanent sterilization. At least 72 hours before Essure sterilization, each patient received 2 patches, 1 patch with a nickel solution in 5% petrolatum and 1 control patch. In addition, the patient was asked to complete a questionnaire on allergy-related symptoms. The patch test was scored according to the criteria for contact dermatitis of Devos and Van Der Valk. At 3 months after Essure sterilization, the patch test and the questionnaire were repeated. All 169 patients underwent Essure sterilization and completed the patch test cycle. There were no statistically significant changes in patch test results and allergy-related symptoms after sterilization. Before sterilization, 29% of the patients had a positive patch test and 1.8% also showed a positive reaction to the control patch. Only 20.7% of the patients had a history of allergic reactions to nickel. After sterilization, 29% had a positive patch test and 0.6% also showed a positive reaction to the control patch. Among the patients with a positive patch test before sterilization, the grade of reaction did not increase after sterilization. Moreover, these patients did not exhibit any increase in allergy-related symptoms. Among 4 patients with a previous negative patch test, 2 developed a grade 1 reaction and 2 developed a grade 2 reaction after sterilization. Two of these 4 patients had a history of allergic reactions to nickel before sterilization despite a negative patch test. After sterilization, these 4 patients exhibited no increase in allergy-related symptoms. There were no statistically significant

  10. Development of a lauric acid/albumin hybrid iron oxide nanoparticle system with improved biocompatibility

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zaloga J

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available Jan Zaloga,1 Christina Janko,1 Johannes Nowak,2 Jasmin Matuszak,1 Sabine Knaup,1 Dietmar Eberbeck,3 Rainer Tietze,1 Harald Unterweger,1 Ralf P Friedrich,1 Stephan Duerr,1 Ralph Heimke-Brinck,4 Eva Baum,4 Iwona Cicha,1 Frank Dörje,4 Stefan Odenbach,2 Stefan Lyer,1 Geoffrey Lee,5 Christoph Alexiou1 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section for Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON, Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; 2Measuring and Automation Technology, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; 3Physikalisch-Technische-Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany; 4Pharmacy Department, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; 5Division of Pharmaceutics, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany Abstract: The promising potential of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs in various nanomedical applications has been frequently reported. However, although many different synthesis methods, coatings, and functionalization techniques have been described, not many core-shell SPION drug delivery systems are available for clinicians at the moment. Here, bovine serum albumin was adsorbed onto lauric acid-stabilized SPIONs. The agglomeration behavior, zeta potential, and their dependence on the synthesis conditions were characterized with dynamic light scattering. The existence and composition of the core-shell-matrix structure was investigated by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and zeta potential measurements. We showed that the iron oxide cores form agglomerates in the range of 80 nm. Moreover, despite their remarkably low tendency to aggregate even in a complex media like whole blood, the SPIONs still maintained their magnetic properties and were well attractable with a magnet. The magnetic properties were quantified by vibrating sample magnetometry and a superconducting quantum

  11. Effectiveness of an Internet- and App-Based Intervention for College Students With Elevated Stress: Randomized Controlled Trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Harrer, Mathias; Adam, Sophia Helen; Fleischmann, Rebecca Jessica; Baumeister, Harald; Auerbach, Randy; Bruffaerts, Ronny; Cuijpers, Pim; Kessler, Ronald C; Berking, Matthias; Lehr, Dirk; Ebert, David Daniel

    2018-04-23

    depression. Internet- and mobile-based interventions could be an effective and cost-effective approach to reduce consequences of college-related stress and might potentially attract students with clinically relevant depression who would not otherwise seek help. German Clinical Trial Register DRKS00010212; http://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do? navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00010212 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6w55Ewhjd). ©Mathias Harrer, Sophia Helen Adam, Rebecca Jessica Fleischmann, Harald Baumeister, Randy Auerbach, Ronny Bruffaerts, Pim Cuijpers, Ronald C Kessler, Matthias Berking, Dirk Lehr, David Daniel Ebert. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 23.04.2018.

  12. Effects of inspiratory muscle training on dynamic hyperinflation in patients with COPD

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    Petrovic M

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available Milos Petrovic,1 Michael Reiter,2 Harald Zipko,3 Wolfgang Pohl,1 Theodor Wanke11Pulmonary Department and Karl Landsteiner Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pulmology, Hietzing Hospital, Vienna, Austria; 2Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Otto Wagner Hospital, Vienna, Austria; 3FH Campus Vienna, University of Applied Sciences – Health Department, Vienna, AustriaAbstract: Dynamic hyperinflation has important clinical consequences in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD. Given that most of these patients have respiratory and peripheral muscle weakness, dyspnea and functional exercise capacity may improve as a result of inspiratory muscle training (IMT. The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of IMT on exercise capacity, dyspnea, and inspiratory fraction (IF during exercise in patients with COPD. Daily inspiratory muscle strength and endurance training was performed for 8 weeks in 10 patients with COPD GOLD II and III. Ten patients with COPD II and III served as a control group. Maximal inspiratory pressure (Pimax and endurance time during resistive breathing maneuvers (tlim served as parameter for inspiratory muscle capacity. Before and after training, the patients performed an incremental symptom limited exercise test to maximum and a constant load test on a cycle ergometer at 75% of the peak work rate obtained in the pretraining incremental test. ET was defined as the duration of loaded pedaling. Following IMT, there was a statistically significant increase in inspiratory muscle performance of the Pimax from 7.75 ± 0.47 to 9.15 ± 0.73 kPa (P < 0.01 and of tlim from 348 ± 54 to 467 ± 58 seconds (P < 0.01. A significant increase in IF, indicating decreased dynamic hyperinflation, was observed during both exercise tests. Further, the ratio of breathing frequency to minute ventilation (bf/V'E decreased significantly, indicating an improved breathing pattern. A significant decrease in

  13. Outflow tract septation and the aortic arch system in reptiles: lessons for understanding the mammalian heart.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Poelmann, Robert E; Gittenberger-de Groot, Adriana C; Biermans, Marcel W M; Dolfing, Anne I; Jagessar, Armand; van Hattum, Sam; Hoogenboom, Amanda; Wisse, Lambertus J; Vicente-Steijn, Rebecca; de Bakker, Merijn A G; Vonk, Freek J; Hirasawa, Tatsuya; Kuratani, Shigeru; Richardson, Michael K

    2017-01-01

    Cardiac outflow tract patterning and cell contribution are studied using an evo-devo approach to reveal insight into the development of aorto-pulmonary septation. We studied embryonic stages of reptile hearts (lizard, turtle and crocodile) and compared these to avian and mammalian development. Immunohistochemistry allowed us to indicate where the essential cell components in the outflow tract and aortic sac were deployed, more specifically endocardial, neural crest and second heart field cells. The neural crest-derived aorto-pulmonary septum separates the pulmonary trunk from both aortae in reptiles, presenting with a left visceral and a right systemic aorta arising from the unseptated ventricle. Second heart field-derived cells function as flow dividers between both aortae and between the two pulmonary arteries. In birds, the left visceral aorta disappears early in development, while the right systemic aorta persists. This leads to a fusion of the aorto-pulmonary septum and the aortic flow divider (second heart field population) forming an avian aorto-pulmonary septal complex. In mammals, there is also a second heart field-derived aortic flow divider, albeit at a more distal site, while the aorto-pulmonary septum separates the aortic trunk from the pulmonary trunk. As in birds there is fusion with second heart field-derived cells albeit from the pulmonary flow divider as the right 6th pharyngeal arch artery disappears, resulting in a mammalian aorto-pulmonary septal complex. In crocodiles, birds and mammals, the main septal and parietal endocardial cushions receive neural crest cells that are functional in fusion and myocardialization of the outflow tract septum. Longer-lasting septation in crocodiles demonstrates a heterochrony in development. In other reptiles with no indication of incursion of neural crest cells, there is either no myocardialized outflow tract septum (lizard) or it is vestigial (turtle). Crocodiles are unique in bearing a central shunt, the

  14. The maternal and early embryonic transcriptome of the milkweed bug Oncopeltus fasciatus.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ewen-Campen, Ben; Shaner, Nathan; Panfilio, Kristen A; Suzuki, Yuichiro; Roth, Siegfried; Extavour, Cassandra G

    2011-01-25

    Most evolutionary developmental biology ("evo-devo") studies of emerging model organisms focus on small numbers of candidate genes cloned individually using degenerate PCR. However, newly available sequencing technologies such as 454 pyrosequencing have recently begun to allow for massive gene discovery in animals without sequenced genomes. Within insects, although large volumes of sequence data are available for holometabolous insects, developmental studies of basally branching hemimetabolous insects typically suffer from low rates of gene discovery. We used 454 pyrosequencing to sequence over 500 million bases of cDNA from the ovaries and embryos of the milkweed bug Oncopeltus fasciatus, which lacks a sequenced genome. This indirectly developing insect occupies an important phylogenetic position, branching basal to Diptera (including fruit flies) and Hymenoptera (including honeybees), and is an experimentally tractable model for short-germ development. 2,087,410 reads from both normalized and non-normalized cDNA assembled into 21,097 sequences (isotigs) and 112,531 singletons. The assembled sequences fell into 16,617 unique gene models, and included predictions of splicing isoforms, which we examined experimentally. Discovery of new genes plateaued after assembly of ~1.5 million reads, suggesting that we have sequenced nearly all transcripts present in the cDNA sampled. Many transcripts have been assembled at close to full length, and there is a net gain of sequence data for over half of the pre-existing O. fasciatus accessions for developmental genes in GenBank. We identified 10,775 unique genes, including members of all major conserved metazoan signaling pathways and genes involved in several major categories of early developmental processes. We also specifically address the effects of cDNA normalization on gene discovery in de novo transcriptome analyses. Our sequencing, assembly and annotation framework provide a simple and effective way to achieve high

  15. CRENÇAS RELIGIOSAS, FANATISMO E SECULARIDADE NA AMÉRICA LATINA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    João Batista Libânio

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available A trajetória da religiosidade na América Latina parte do catolicismo popular tradicional que se radicou no profundo do povo por obra da primeira evangelização. Caracterizou-se por valorizar os milagres, as promessas, a devoção a Nossa Senhora e aos santos, com traços penitenciais, de caráter leigo, familiar, com enorme tolerância moral. Depois a reforma romana no espírito do Concílio de Trento se fez valer a partir da 2ª metade do século XIX. Some-se um messianismo mágico que existe até hoje sob diversas formas. A renovação profunda veio com o Concílio Vaticano II. A versão latino-americana, original, da libertação se forjou em Medellín com continuidade moderada em Puebla. No momento atual, experimenta-se explosão religiosa polimorfa. E para fechar o itinerário, a V Conferência dos Bispos em Aparecida convoca os católicos para uma experiência de encontro pessoal com Cristo na Igreja na esperança de se converterem em discípulos missionários. No horizonte está a expectativa de uma Grande Missão Continental. ABSTRACT: Latin America religiosity begins with popular Catholicism which is rooted deep down in people’s soul by the work of the first evangelization. It characterizes by emphasizing miracles, vows, devotion to Our Lady and saints, with penitential traces, laity character, familial mindset, moral tolerance. In the spirit of the Trent council later in the second half of 19th century the Roman reform prevailed. Under many forms magic Messianic movements exist even today. A profound renovation arises with the second Vatican council. Its Latin America original version of liberation was forged in Medellín with moderate continuation in Puebla. In the current moment there is an explosion of multifaceted religious experience. And to close the journey, the 5th Conference of Bishops in Aparecida calls Catholics to have an experience of personal encounter with Christ in the Church in the hope of converting them into

  16. The maternal and early embryonic transcriptome of the milkweed bug Oncopeltus fasciatus

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    Roth Siegfried

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Most evolutionary developmental biology ("evo-devo" studies of emerging model organisms focus on small numbers of candidate genes cloned individually using degenerate PCR. However, newly available sequencing technologies such as 454 pyrosequencing have recently begun to allow for massive gene discovery in animals without sequenced genomes. Within insects, although large volumes of sequence data are available for holometabolous insects, developmental studies of basally branching hemimetabolous insects typically suffer from low rates of gene discovery. Results We used 454 pyrosequencing to sequence over 500 million bases of cDNA from the ovaries and embryos of the milkweed bug Oncopeltus fasciatus, which lacks a sequenced genome. This indirectly developing insect occupies an important phylogenetic position, branching basal to Diptera (including fruit flies and Hymenoptera (including honeybees, and is an experimentally tractable model for short-germ development. 2,087,410 reads from both normalized and non-normalized cDNA assembled into 21,097 sequences (isotigs and 112,531 singletons. The assembled sequences fell into 16,617 unique gene models, and included predictions of splicing isoforms, which we examined experimentally. Discovery of new genes plateaued after assembly of ~1.5 million reads, suggesting that we have sequenced nearly all transcripts present in the cDNA sampled. Many transcripts have been assembled at close to full length, and there is a net gain of sequence data for over half of the pre-existing O. fasciatus accessions for developmental genes in GenBank. We identified 10,775 unique genes, including members of all major conserved metazoan signaling pathways and genes involved in several major categories of early developmental processes. We also specifically address the effects of cDNA normalization on gene discovery in de novo transcriptome analyses. Conclusions Our sequencing, assembly and annotation framework

  17. La accesibilidad. Hacia la plena integracion social del discapacitado en el entorno urbano y natural

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    Eduardo Elkouss Luski

    2006-01-01

    During the course of my life, working in both the public and the private sector, as local architect or freelance, I have found the problem of Accessibility; trying to solve it, consulting the matter and getting into it. I have realized its increasing importance. There are between 60 and 80 million disabled people in the European Union, the number of which is going to grow due to the ageing of the population. For the year 2020, it is foreseen that ¼ of the population will be over 60 years. We have to take into account that, nowadays, 70% of the disabled are of that age. For a period of time I have devoed myself to compiling all the material I could, from scant publications about the matter to articles of press circulating from Accessibility Courses, and from the Internet. I have also visited many cities, like Edmonton, Copenhagen, Berlin, Curitiba and Barcelona, and I have interviewed those responsible for the corresponding policies, accompanied by a notebook, a photographic camera and a drawing pad. After several years, and once I had collected a wide and varied material, I have considered approaching the matter in a systematic and rigorous way, regarding Accessibility, and the social integration of disabled people into the city, with the aim that this could facilitate the start of the way to carry out research about the Accessibility to the public spaces of he city, which has been studied very little and which can be very useful to other people. The analysis of the studied material has given place to the FIRST PART of this work, with a denser and more conceptual content, with the intention of establishing a Theoretical Frame of Reference. In the SECOND PART, I have researched a series of practical cases studies where the theoretical principles of Accessibility are applied, in the city, in its urban or natural environment, in its streets, squares or parks. The work in this field has entailed analyzing, in situ, the different selected environments, looking for the

  18. As celebrações nas igrejas da ordem terceira de São Francisco: festas e cultura entre os seculares franciscanos no Império português, século XVIII (The celebrations in the churches of the Third Ord. of St. Francis - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2011v9n21p306

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliana de Mello Moraes

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available Resumo As festas, durante o século XVIII, desempenhavam um importante papel no cotidiano das associações de leigos e religiosas. As ordens terceiras franciscanas organizavam distintas celebrações no intuito de promover a instituição no campo religioso local, difundir suas devoções e, ao mesmo tempo, ampliar o seu recrutamento. Este artigo analisa alguns elementos constituintes das celebrações realizadas pelas ordens terceiras de São Francisco em diferentes cidades do império português (Braga e São Paulo, visando compreender o significado e a valorização atribuídos às celebrações no interior das igrejas por essas agremiações. Para realizar esse estudo foram utilizados, principalmente, os livros contábeis das instituições com o objetivo de vislumbrar o investimento nas celebrações e as suas características particulares. A partir das informações compulsadas constata-se um dispêndio avultado com as cerimônias e com a manutenção do culto pelas ordens terceiras franciscanas, evidenciando a importância dedicada por essas associações às celebrações e às festas executadas em seus templos. Palavras-chave: ordem terceira de São Francisco; festa; império português.             Abstract The festivals, during the eighteenth century, played an important role in the daily religious and lay associations. The Third Orders of St. Francis organized distinct celebrations in order to promote the institution in the local religious field, spread their devotions, and at the same time broaden their recruitment. This article examines some elements of the celebrations held by the Third Orders of St. Francis in different cities of the Portuguese empire (Braga and São Paulo, aiming to understand the meaning and value attributed to the celebrations inside the churches by these associations. To perform this study were primarily used the accounting books of the institutions in order to glimpse the investment in the

  19. Development and characterization of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with a cisplatin-bearing polymer coating for targeted drug delivery

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    Unterweger H

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available Harald Unterweger,1 Rainer Tietze,1 Christina Janko,1 Jan Zaloga,1 Stefan Lyer,1 Stephan Dürr,1 Nicola Taccardi,2 Ourania-Menti Goudouri,3 Alexander Hoppe,3 Dietmar Eberbeck,4 Dirk W Schubert,5 Aldo R Boccaccini,3 Christoph Alexiou1 1ENT Department, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON, Else Kroener-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, University Hospital Erlangen, 2Chair of Chemical Engineering I (Reaction Engineering, 3Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, 4Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin, 5Institute of Polymer Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany Abstract: A highly selective and efficient cancer therapy can be achieved using magnetically directed superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs bearing a sufficient amount of the therapeutic agent. In this project, SPIONs with a dextran and cisplatin-bearing hyaluronic acid coating were successfully synthesized as a novel cisplatin drug delivery system. Transmission electron microscopy images as well as X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the individual magnetite particles were around 4.5 nm in size and monocrystalline. The small crystallite sizes led to the superparamagnetic behavior of the particles, which was exemplified in their magnetization curves, acquired using superconducting quantum interference device measurements. Hyaluronic acid was bound to the initially dextran-coated SPIONs by esterification. The resulting amide bond linkage was verified using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The additional polymer layer increased the vehicle size from 22 nm to 56 nm, with a hyaluronic acid to dextran to magnetite weight ratio of 51:29:20. A maximum payload of 330 µg cisplatin/mL nanoparticle suspension was achieved, thus the particle size was further increased to around 77 nm with a zeta

  20. Comparison of cellular effects of starch-coated SPIONs and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid matrix nanoparticles on human monocytes

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    Gonnissen D

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available Dominik Gonnissen,1 Ying Qu,1,2 Klaus Langer,3 Cengiz Öztürk,4 Yuliang Zhao,2 Chunying Chen,2 Guiscard Seebohm,5 Martina Düfer,6 Harald Fuchs,1 Hans-Joachim Galla,7 Kristina Riehemann11Center for Nanotechnology, Institute of Physics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; 2National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Münster, Münster, 4chemicell GmbH, Berlin, 5Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases, University Hospital Münster, 6Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, 7Department of Cell Biology/Biophysics, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, GermanyAbstract: Within the last years, progress has been made in the knowledge of the properties of medically used nanoparticles and their toxic effects, but still, little is known about their influence on cellular processes of immune cells. The aim of our comparative study was to present the influence of two different nanoparticle types on subcellular processes of primary monocytes and the leukemic monocyte cell line MM6. We used core-shell starch-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs and matrix poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA nanoparticles for our experiments. In addition to typical biocompatibility testing like the detection of necrosis or secretion of interleukins (ILs, we investigated the impact of these nanoparticles on the actin cytoskeleton and the two voltage-gated potassium channels Kv1.3 and Kv7.1. Induction of necrosis was not seen for PLGA nanoparticles and SPIONs in primary monocytes and MM6 cells. Likewise, no alteration in secretion of IL-1β and IL-10 was detected under the same experimental conditions. In contrast, IL-6 secretion was exclusively downregulated in primary monocytes after contact with both

  1. Non-immunogenic dextran-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: a biocompatible, size-tunable contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging

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    Unterweger H

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Harald Unterweger,1,* Christina Janko,1,* Marc Schwarz,2 László Dézsi,3 Rudolf Urbanics,4 Jasmin Matuszak,1 Erik Őrfi,3 Tamás Fülöp,3 Tobias Bäuerle,2 János Szebeni,3,4 Clément Journé,5 Aldo R Boccaccini,6 Christoph Alexiou,1 Stefan Lyer,1 Iwona Cicha1 1Cardiovascular Nanomedicine Unit, Section of Experimental Oncology und Nanomedicine (SEON, Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, ENT Department, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg, 2Preclinical Imaging Platform Erlangen (PIPE, Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; 3Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Semmelweis University, 4SeroScience Ltd., Budapest, Hungary; 5Inserm U1148, Fédération de Recherche en Imagerie Multimodalités (FRIM, X Bichat Hospital, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France; 6Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Iron oxide-based contrast agents have been in clinical use for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI of lymph nodes, liver, intestines, and the cardiovascular system. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs have high potential as a contrast agent for MRI, but no intravenous iron oxide-containing agents are currently approved for clinical imaging. The aim of our work was to analyze the hemocompatibility and immuno-safety of a new type of dextran-coated SPIONs (SPIONdex and to characterize these nanoparticles with ultra-high-field MRI. Key parameters related to nanoparticle hemocompatibility and immuno-safety were investigated in vitro and ex vivo. To address concerns associated with hypersensitivity reactions to injectable nanoparticulate agents, we analyzed complement activation-related pseudoallergy (CARPA upon intravenous administration of SPIONdex in a pig model. Furthermore, the size-tunability of SPIONdex and

  2. Outflow tract septation and the aortic arch system in reptiles: lessons for understanding the mammalian heart

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    Robert E. Poelmann

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Cardiac outflow tract patterning and cell contribution are studied using an evo-devo approach to reveal insight into the development of aorto-pulmonary septation. Results We studied embryonic stages of reptile hearts (lizard, turtle and crocodile and compared these to avian and mammalian development. Immunohistochemistry allowed us to indicate where the essential cell components in the outflow tract and aortic sac were deployed, more specifically endocardial, neural crest and second heart field cells. The neural crest-derived aorto-pulmonary septum separates the pulmonary trunk from both aortae in reptiles, presenting with a left visceral and a right systemic aorta arising from the unseptated ventricle. Second heart field-derived cells function as flow dividers between both aortae and between the two pulmonary arteries. In birds, the left visceral aorta disappears early in development, while the right systemic aorta persists. This leads to a fusion of the aorto-pulmonary septum and the aortic flow divider (second heart field population forming an avian aorto-pulmonary septal complex. In mammals, there is also a second heart field-derived aortic flow divider, albeit at a more distal site, while the aorto-pulmonary septum separates the aortic trunk from the pulmonary trunk. As in birds there is fusion with second heart field-derived cells albeit from the pulmonary flow divider as the right 6th pharyngeal arch artery disappears, resulting in a mammalian aorto-pulmonary septal complex. In crocodiles, birds and mammals, the main septal and parietal endocardial cushions receive neural crest cells that are functional in fusion and myocardialization of the outflow tract septum. Longer-lasting septation in crocodiles demonstrates a heterochrony in development. In other reptiles with no indication of incursion of neural crest cells, there is either no myocardialized outflow tract septum (lizard or it is vestigial (turtle. Crocodiles

  3. [Self-organization in the ontogeny of multicellular organisms: a computer simulation].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Markov, M A; Markov, A V

    2011-01-01

    The progress in understanding the patterns of evolution of ontogeny is hindered by the fact that many features of ontogeny are counterintuitive (as well as the features of other processes related to self-organization, self-assembly, and spontaneous increase in complexity). The basic principle of ontogeny of multicellular organisms is that it is the process of self-assembly of ordered multicellular structures by means of coordinated behavior of many individual modules (cells), each of which follows the same set of"rules" encoded in the genome. These rules are based on the genetic regulatory networks. We hypothesize that many specific features of ontogeny that seem nontrivial or enigmatic are, in fact, the inevitable consequences of this basic principle. If so, they do not need special explanations. In order to verify this hypothesis, we developed the computer program "Evo-Devo" based on the above principle. The program is designed to model the self-assembly of ordered multicellular structures from an aggregation of dividing cells that originate from a single original cell (zygote). Each cell follows a set of rules of behavior ("genotype") that can be specified arbitrarily by the experimenter, and is the same for all cells in the embryo (each cell is programmed in exactly the same way as all other cells). It is not allowed to specify rules for groups of cells or for the whole embryo: only local rules that should be followed at the level of a single cell are possible. The analysis of phenotypic implementation of different genotypes revealed several features which are present in the ontogeny of real organisms and are regularly reproduced in the model. These include: inherent stochasticity; inescapable necessity of development of stabilizing adaptations based on negative feedback in order to decrease this stochasticity; equifinality (noise resistance) resulting from these adaptations; the ability of ontogeny to respond to major perturbations by generating new

  4. Whole-body gene expression pattern registration in Platynereis larvae.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Asadulina, Albina; Panzera, Aurora; Verasztó, Csaba; Liebig, Christian; Jékely, Gáspár

    2012-12-03

    Digital anatomical atlases are increasingly used in order to depict different gene expression patterns and neuronal morphologies within a standardized reference template. In evo-devo, a discipline in which the comparison of gene expression patterns is a widely used approach, such standardized anatomical atlases would allow a more rigorous assessment of the conservation of and changes in gene expression patterns during micro- and macroevolutionary time scales. Due to its small size and invariant early development, the annelid Platynereis dumerilii is particularly well suited for such studies. Recently a reference template with registered gene expression patterns has been generated for the anterior part (episphere) of the Platynereis trochophore larva and used for the detailed study of neuronal development. Here we introduce and evaluate a method for whole-body gene expression pattern registration for Platynereis trochophore and nectochaete larvae based on whole-mount in situ hybridization, confocal microscopy, and image registration. We achieved high-resolution whole-body scanning using the mounting medium 2,2'-thiodiethanol (TDE), which allows the matching of the refractive index of the sample to that of glass and immersion oil thereby reducing spherical aberration and improving depth penetration. This approach allowed us to scan entire whole-mount larvae stained with nitroblue tetrazolium/5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate (NBT/BCIP) in situ hybridization and counterstained fluorescently with an acetylated-tubulin antibody and the nuclear stain 4'6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). Due to the submicron isotropic voxel size whole-mount larvae could be scanned in any orientation. Based on the whole-body scans, we generated four different reference templates by the iterative registration and averaging of 40 individual image stacks using either the acetylated-tubulin or the nuclear-stain signal for each developmental stage. We then registered to these templates the

  5. Whole-body gene expression pattern registration in Platynereis larvae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Asadulina Albina

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Digital anatomical atlases are increasingly used in order to depict different gene expression patterns and neuronal morphologies within a standardized reference template. In evo-devo, a discipline in which the comparison of gene expression patterns is a widely used approach, such standardized anatomical atlases would allow a more rigorous assessment of the conservation of and changes in gene expression patterns during micro- and macroevolutionary time scales. Due to its small size and invariant early development, the annelid Platynereis dumerilii is particularly well suited for such studies. Recently a reference template with registered gene expression patterns has been generated for the anterior part (episphere of the Platynereis trochophore larva and used for the detailed study of neuronal development. Results Here we introduce and evaluate a method for whole-body gene expression pattern registration for Platynereis trochophore and nectochaete larvae based on whole-mount in situ hybridization, confocal microscopy, and image registration. We achieved high-resolution whole-body scanning using the mounting medium 2,2’-thiodiethanol (TDE, which allows the matching of the refractive index of the sample to that of glass and immersion oil thereby reducing spherical aberration and improving depth penetration. This approach allowed us to scan entire whole-mount larvae stained with nitroblue tetrazolium/5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate (NBT/BCIP in situ hybridization and counterstained fluorescently with an acetylated-tubulin antibody and the nuclear stain 4’6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI. Due to the submicron isotropic voxel size whole-mount larvae could be scanned in any orientation. Based on the whole-body scans, we generated four different reference templates by the iterative registration and averaging of 40 individual image stacks using either the acetylated-tubulin or the nuclear-stain signal for each developmental

  6. Integer Flows and Circuit Covers of Graphs and Signed Graphs

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cheng, Jian

    The work in Chapter 2 is motivated by Tutte and Jaeger's pioneering work on converting modulo flows into integer-valued flows for ordinary graphs. For a signed graphs (G, sigma), we first prove that for each k ∈ {2, 3}, if (G, sigma) is (k - 1)-edge-connected and contains an even number of negative edges when k = 2, then every modulo k-flow of (G, sigma) can be converted into an integer-valued ( k + 1)-ow with a larger or the same support. We also prove that if (G, sigma) is odd-(2p+1)-edge-connected, then (G, sigma) admits a modulo circular (2 + 1/ p)-flows if and only if it admits an integer-valued circular (2 + 1/p)-flows, which improves all previous result by Xu and Zhang (DM2005), Schubert and Steffen (EJC2015), and Zhu (JCTB2015). Shortest circuit cover conjecture is one of the major open problems in graph theory. It states that every bridgeless graph G contains a set of circuits F such that each edge is contained in at least one member of F and the length of F is at most 7/5∥E(G)∥. This concept was recently generalized to signed graphs by Macajova et al. (JGT2015). In Chapter 3, we improve their upper bound from 11∥E( G)∥ to 14/3 ∥E(G)∥, and if G is 2-edgeconnected and has even negativeness, then it can be further reduced to 11/3 ∥E(G)∥. Tutte's 3-flow conjecture has been studied by many graph theorists in the last several decades. As a new approach to this conjecture, DeVos and Thomassen considered the vectors as ow values and found that there is a close relation between vector S1-flows and integer 3-NZFs. Motivated by their observation, in Chapter 4, we prove that if a graph G admits a vector S1-flow with rank at most two, then G admits an integer 3-NZF. The concept of even factors is highly related to the famous Four Color Theorem. We conclude this dissertation in Chapter 5 with an improvement of a recent result by Chen and Fan (JCTB2016) on the upperbound of even factors. We show that if a graph G contains an even factor, then it

  7. A new phase of matter in Oakland

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Klein, Spencer; Nystrand, Joakim

    2004-01-01

    , disappearance of back-to-back correlated high-pT particles (showing that produced particles underwent very strong energy loss before escaping from the medium), the strong elliptical flow (showing that the pressure was very high early in the collision), and the species dependent elliptical flow (showing behavior as an almost perfect fluid, as expected for a QGP). Data on deuterium-gold collisions presented at QM2004 provided important cross-checks, ruling out models that explained the observed phenomena as initial-state effects present in the undisturbed gold nuclei. Many of these signatures were reviewed in the 5 rapporteur talks covering high-pT and jets (Kirill Filimonov, LBNL), bulk properties and collective flow (Zhangbu Xu, BNL), correlations and HBT (Harald Appelhauser, GSI), leptons, photons and heavy quarks (Ralf Averbeck, Stony Brook) and theory (Ralf Rapp, Texas A and M). In addition, Mike Lisa (Ohio State), Miklos Gyulassy (Colombia) and Peter Braun-Munzinger (GSI) gave their personal views on the QGP

  8. A 4-year non-randomized comparative phase-IV study of early rheumatoid arthritis: integrative anthroposophic medicine for patients with preference against DMARDs versus conventional therapy including DMARDs for patients without preference

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hamre HJ

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available Harald J Hamre,1 Van N Pham,2 Christian Kern,3 Rolf Rau,4 Jörn Klasen,3 Ute Schendel,5 Lars Gerlach,6 Attyla Drabik,2 Ludger Simon6,† 1Institute for Applied Epistemology and Medical Methodology at the Witten/Herdecke University, Freiburg, Germany; 2Institute of Statistics in Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; 3Department of Integrative Medicine, Asklepios Westklinikum, Hamburg, Germany; 4Department of Rheumatology, Evangelisches Fachkrankenhaus Ratingen, Ratingen, Germany; 5Department of Rheumatology, m&i-Fachklinik Bad Pyrmont, Bad Pyrmont, Germany; 6Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Filderklinik, Filderstadt, Germany †Dr Ludger Simon passed away on June 10, 2016 Background: While disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs are a mainstay of therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA, some patients with early RA refuse DMARDs. In anthroposophic medicine (AM, a treatment strategy for early RA without DMARDs has been developed. Preliminary data suggest that RA symptoms and inflammatory markers can be reduced under AM, without DMARDs. Patients and methods: Two hundred and fifty-one self-selected patients aged 16–70 years, starting treatment for RA of <3 years duration, without prior DMARD therapy, participated in a prospective, non-randomized, comparative Phase IV study. C-patients were treated in clinics offering conventional therapy including DMARDs, while A-patients had chosen treatment in anthroposophic clinics, without DMARDs. Both groups received corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs. Primary outcomes were intensity of RA symptoms measured by self-rating on visual analog scales, C-reactive protein, radiological progression, study withdrawals, serious adverse events (SAE, and adverse drug reactions in months 0–48. Results: The groups were similar in most baseline characteristics, while A-patients had longer disease duration (mean 15.1 vs 10.8 months, p<0

  9. Waste acceptance and impact ON D and D in Switzerland

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Maxeiner, Harald

    2002-01-01

    Harald Maxeiner described clearance and waste conditioning requirements in Switzerland, and their impacts on decommissioning: Although decommissioning of the first (oldest) reactor will not take place until 2009 at the earliest (hypothetical operating lifetime of 40 years), detailed decommissioning studies have to be carried out today, in order to demonstrate the feasibility of the technologies to be used and to determine anticipated costs (for the purpose of calculating financial contributions to a decommissioning fund). The studies are based on waste acceptance criteria and guidelines that apply to waste already in existence. The focus is on preparing inventories of activated and contaminated components and conditioning of these components. The basis for present and future conditioning of radioactive wastes, as well as for their interim storage and final disposal, is provided by the official guideline HSK R-14. According to this guideline, raw waste requires to be solidified (inter alia with cement) and the resulting waste product must: remain intact until final disposal, not be readily dispersible, be resistant to aqueous media, not be readily combustible, not contain any unnecessary voids, contain as little organic material as possible. The waste package containing the waste product must: constitute a further barrier to dispersion, outlast (at least) interim storage, be documented with details of manufacturing, composition, properties, be designed to resist corrosion using suitable materials, be characterised by a quality assurance program for raw waste, waste product and waste package. The only possible reasons for interim storage of waste without solidification are: decay storage followed by conventional waste management, if waste packages fulfil acceptance criteria for the final repository without further treatment, if, in the foreseeable future, an alternative conditioning method can be expected. The guidelines and acceptance criteria mentioned set strict

  10. Quantification and Negation in Event Semantics

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lucas Champollion

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Recently, it has been claimed that event semantics does not go well together with quantification, especially if one rejects syntactic, LF-based approaches to quantifier scope. This paper shows that such fears are unfounded, by presenting a simple, variable-free framework which combines a Neo-Davidsonian event semantics with a type-shifting based account of quantifier scope. The main innovation is that the event variable is bound inside the verbal denotation, rather than at sentence level by existential closure. Quantifiers can then be interpreted in situ. The resulting framework combines the strengths of event semantics and type-shifting accounts of quantifiers and thus does not force the semanticist to posit either a default underlying word order or a syntactic LF-style level. It is therefore well suited for applications to languages where word order is free and quantifier scope is determined by surface order. As an additional benefit, the system leads to a straightforward account of negation, which has also been claimed to be problematic for event-based frameworks.ReferencesBarker, Chris. 2002. ‘Continuations and the nature of quantification’. Natural Language Semantics 10: 211–242.http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022183511876Barker, Chris & Shan, Chung-chieh. 2008. ‘Donkey anaphora is in-scope binding’. Semantics and Pragmatics 1: 1–46.Beaver, David & Condoravdi, Cleo. 2007. ‘On the logic of verbal modification’. In Maria Aloni, Paul Dekker & Floris Roelofsen (eds. ‘Proceedings of the Sixteenth Amsterdam Colloquium’, 3–9. Amsterdam, Netherlands: University of Amsterdam.Beghelli, Filippo & Stowell, Tim. 1997. ‘Distributivity and negation: The syntax of each and every’. In Anna Szabolcsi (ed. ‘Ways of scope taking’, 71–107. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer.Brasoveanu, Adrian. 2010. ‘Modified Numerals as Post-Suppositions’. In Maria Aloni, Harald Bastiaanse, Tikitu de Jager & Katrin Schulz (eds. ‘Logic, Language

  11. Rings Research in the Next Decade

    Science.gov (United States)

    Burns, J. A.; Tiscareno, M. S.

    2009-12-01

    -based observations. Members of the Rings White Paper Team include: Matthew S. Tiscareno (Cornell U), Nicole Albers (U of Colorado), Todd Bradley (U of Central Florida), André Brahic (U of Paris, France), Shawn Brooks (JPL), Joseph Burns (Cornell U), Carlos Chavez (UNAM, Mexico), Joshua Colwell (U of Central Florida), Jeff Cuzzi (NASA Ames), Imke de Pater (U of California), Luke Dones (SwRI), Richard Durisen (Indiana U), Michael Evans (Cornell U), Cecile Ferrari (CEA Saclay, France), Gianrico Filacchione (INAF-IASF, Italy), Silvia Giuliatti Winter (UNESP, Brazil), Mitch Gordon (SETI), Amara Graps (SwRI), Eberhard Gruen (MPI, Germany), Douglas Hamilton (U of Maryland), Matthew Hedman (Cornell U), Mihaly Horanyi (U of Colorado), Sascha Kempf (MPI, Germany), Harald Krueger (MPI, Germany), Steve Larson (U of Arizona), Mark Lewis (Trinity U), Jack Lissauer (NASA Ames), Colin Mitchell (CICLOPS/SSI), Carl Murray (QMUL, England), Philip Nicholson (Cornell U), Cathy Olkin (SwRI), Robert Pappalardo (JPL), Frank Postberg (MPI, Germany), Heikki Salo (U of Oulu, Finland), Juergen Schmidt (U of Potsdam, Germany), David Seal (JPL), Mark Showalter (SETI), Frank Spahn (U of Potsdam, Germany), Linda Spilker (JPL), Joseph Spitale (CICLOPS/SSI), Ralf Srama (MPI, Germany), Miodrag Sremcevic (U of Colorado), Glen Stewart (U of Colorado), John Weiss (Carleton College), Padma Yanamandra-Fisher (JPL)

  12. Sexo, gênero e homossexualidade: o que diz o povo-de-santo paulista?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Milton Silva dos Santos

    2009-05-01

    Full Text Available Resumo "O candomblé aceita o homossexualismo porque é uma religião que não tem pecado. Não interessa se você seja homem, mulher ou gay. Não importa a opção sexual. (... Você pode ver. É uma religião de homossexuais". É assim que um filho-de-santo responde a uma pergunta sobre a notável presença de homossexuais iniciados na religião dos orixás. Se comparadas a outras denominações hostis e indiferentes às orientações não-heterossexuais, o candomblé e outras devoções afro-brasileiras são, de fato, mais tolerantes à participação de homossexuais, permitindo-lhes ocupar todos os postos previstos na hierarquia ritual. Embora estejam entre as expressões religiosas que menos discriminam o indivíduo por razões de preferência sexual, percebemos por meio da literatura especializada e de uma pesquisa de campo, realizada na região metropolitana de São Paulo, que os candomblecistas também empregam em seus discursos argumentos ou narrativas míticas, certos princípios e valores seculares articulados à moralidade cristã e que dão sustentação à hierarquia de sexo/gênero - conforme alguns sacerdotes, as categorias homem/mulher e masculino/feminino devem corresponder às expectativas sociais esperadas para cada ser sexuado. Em virtude disso, tratar de homossexualidade nas comunidades-terreiro, ao contrário do que possa parecer, é um tema delicado, restrito e rodeado de tabus. Palavras-chave: Candomblé; Gênero; Sexualidade; Homossexualidade. Abstract "Candomblé accepts homosexualism because it is a religion where sin does not exist. It does not matter whether you are a man, a woman or gay. Your sexual choice does not matter. [...] You can see it. It is a religion of homosexuals." This is how a filho-de-santo answers a question about the remarkable presence of homosexuals initiated into the orixás' religion. If compared to other denominations, hostile or indifferent to nonheterosexual orientations, candomblé and

  13. Psychological characteristics of mothers of patients with anorexia nervosa: implications for treatment and prognosis Características psicológicas de mães de pacientes com anorexia nervosa: implicações para o tratamento e prognóstico

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lia Keuchguerian Silveira Campos

    2012-01-01

    transtornos alimentares. O grupo aberto, semanal, era coordenado por psicólogas do ambulatório de transtornos alimentares de um hospital universitário. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Foram identificadas características comuns da relação mãe-filha nos casos de AN. A questão do controle mútuo, a dialética entre onipotência e impotência e a relação de devoção, paixão e aniquilamento entre mães e filhas são fenômenos que estão na base da estrutura da AN, com influência direta sobre a gravidade de cada caso e sobre o sucesso das possibilidades terapêuticas. CONCLUSÃO: Os achados possibilitaram identificar importantes aspectos da relação mãe-filha na AN, que podem aprimorar as intervenções clínicas para seu tratamento.

  14. Science Underlying 2008 Nobel Prizes

    Science.gov (United States)

    Caldwell, Bernadette A.

    2009-01-01

    JCE offers a wealth of materials for teaching and learning chemistry that you can explore online. In the list below, Bernadette Caldwell of the Editorial Staff suggests additional resources that are available through JCE for teaching the science behind some of the 2008 Nobel Prizes . Discovering and Applying the Chemistry of GFP The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded the 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP to three scientists: Osamu Shimomura, Martin Chalfie, and Roger Y. Tsien. These scientists led the field in discovering and introducing a fluorescing protein from jellyfish into cells and genes under study, which allows researchers to witness biochemistry in action. Now tags are available that emit light in different colors, revealing myriad biological processes and their interactions simultaneously. Identifying HPV and HIV, HIV's Replication Cycle, and HIV Virus-Host Interactions The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet awarded the 2008 Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology for their discovery of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to two scientists: Françoise Barré-Sinoussi and Luc Montagnier; and for his discovery of human papilloma viruses [HPV] causing cervical cancer to one scientist, Harald zur Hausen. Diseases caused by these infectious agents significantly affect global health. While isolating and studying the virus, researchers discovered HIV is an uncommon retrovirus that infects humans and relies on the host to make its viral DNA, infecting and killing the host's white blood cells, ultimately destroying the immune systems of infected humans. Related Resources at JCE Online The Journal has published articles relating to GFP specifically, and more generally to fluorescing compounds applied to biochemistry. The Journal has also published an article and a video on protease inhibition—a strategy to suppress HIV's biological processes. With the video clips, an accompanying guide

  15. Energy for Rhineland-Palatinate. Safety and sustainability as aim for economy, science and policy. 2. rev. ed.; Energie fuer Rheinland-Pfalz. Sicherheit und Nachhaltigkeit als Ziele fuer Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Politik

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Schaumann, Gunter; Weingarten, Joe (eds.)

    2009-07-01

    The book under consideration reports on the conclusions and results of the ZIRP project 'Future radar 2030 - On the way to the energy country Rhineland-Palatinate. The book contains the following contributions: (1) Energy as a central question of survival of our industrial society (Kurt Beck); (2) Energy policy and climate protection - Decisive factors for the competitiveness of the industry (Harald Schwager); (3) Further increase of the worldwide energy consumption at limited reserves - one of the central challenges for the next decades. (Dieter Schmitt); (4) Safe energy in the future with energy efficiency and innovation (Gunter Schaumann); (5) Decentralized power supply and cooperative legal form (Walter Weinkauf); (6) Policy of energy and climatic protection in Rhineland-Palatinate - Energy mix of the future (Margit Conrad); (7) Energy supply and climatic protection as a market for companies in Rhineland-Palatinate (Hendrik Hering); (8) The Pfalz companies: Regional strength in the European power market (Guenther Koch); (9) Energy country Rhineland-Palatinate - Scope of possible action and experiences of municipal power supplier (Karl-Heinz Koch); (10) Power supply as a task of the regional planning and planning in Rhineland-Palatinate (Karl Peter Bruch); (11) Power generation and agriculture (Andrea Adams); (12) The implementation of energy as a main theme in the education at schools (Doris Ahnen); (13) Energy management in companies (Dietmar Kohn, Klaus-Werner Linneweber); (14) Hot thing. Geothermal power in Rhineland-Palatinate (Joerg Baumgaertner, Peter Hauffe, Walter Kirsch); (15) Friendly Energy - Friendly World. Sustainability with clean wind power and education (Joachim Fuhrlaender); (16) Rhineland-Palatinate as a region with imports of electricity - Are climate targets available without nuclear power? (Konrad Kleinknecht); (17) Regional material stream management in the energy sector (Peter Heck); (18) The utilization of renewable energies

  16. PV-HYBRID and MINI-GRID. Proceedings

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2006-07-01

    Within the 3rd European Conference at the Centre de Congres in Aix en Provence (France) between 11th and 12th May, 2006, the following lessons were held: (1) Small electric networks: European drivers and projects for the integration of RES and DG into the electricity grids of the future (Manuel Sanchez-Jimenez); (2) PV hybrid system within mini grids - IEA PVPS programme (Meuch Konraf); (3) Renewables for the developing world (Alvaro Ponce Plaza); (4) Rural electicity supply using photovoltaic / - Diesel hybrid systems: Attractive for investors in the renewable energy sector? (Andreas Hahn); (5) Economic analysis of stand-alone and grid-connected photovoltaic systems under current tariff structure of Taiwan (Yaw-Juen Wang); (6) Using wind-PV-diesel hybrid system for electrification of remote village in Western Libya (N.M. Kreama); (7) Venezuela's renewable energy program for small towns and rural areas ''Sembrando Luz'' (Jorge Torres); (8) AeroSmart5, the professional, sysem-compatible small-scale wind energy converter will be tested in field tests (Fabian Jochem); (9) Lifetime, test procedures and recommendations for optimal operating strategies for lead-acid-batteries in renewable energy systems - A survey on results from European projects from the 5th framework programme (Rudi Kaiser); (10) Prototype of a reversible fuel cell system for autonomous power supplies (Tom Smolinska); (11) Interconnection management in microgrids (Michel Vandenbergh); (12) Control strategy for a small-scale stand-alone power system based on renewable energy and hydrogen (Harald Miland); (13) Standard renewable electricity supply for people in rural areas - mini-grids in western provinces of China (Michael Wollny); (14) The Brava island a ''100% renewable energy'' project (Jean-Christian Marcel); (15) Breakthrough to a new era of PV-hybrid systems with the help of standardised components communication? (Michael Mueller); (16) Standardized

  17. Estudios evolutivos-del desarrollo en tallos fósiles de Corystospermaceae (Corystospermales, Spermatopsida Evolutionary developmental studies in fossil stems of Corystospermaceae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Josefina Bodnar

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Se propone un criterio metodológico para estudiar el desarrollo de tallos permineralizados, aplicado en el análisis de los patrones evolutivos-del desarrollo de los ejes caulinares de las Corystospermaceae, familia de "pteridospermas" dominante en las paleofloras triásicas gondwánicas. Este grupo representa un excelente caso de estudio dado que sus tallos se preservan permineralizados, por lo que exhiben detalles celulares e histológicos, y, asimismo, su ontogenia entera puede ser examinada en un solo ejemplar debido a que las células del xilema y floema secundario son producidas en capas sucesivas que retienen su posición de manera permanente. En los estudios ontogenéticos de pteridospermas los mecanismos reguladores del desarrollo deben ser discernidos por medio de la comparación con ontogenias de plantas vivientes comparables. Esta extrapolación es posible ya que se sabe que los procesos reguladores del crecimiento secundario son homólogos en todas las lignofitas. Los troncos de las corystospermas presentan un cilindro vascular secundario disecto y tejidos vasculares de desarrollo y posición inusuales, lo que es causado por cuatro clases de desviación de la actividad cambial típica: 1- actividad diferencial; 2- actividad remanente; 3- cámbium inverso o centrípeto; y 4- cámbiumes sucesivos inversos y/o normales (polixilia. El origen de estas variantes del cámbium está intimamente vinculado con eventos heterotópicos, incluyendo la homeosis. Al comparar con estudios de plantas vivientes, se teoriza que los genes homéoticos implicados en estos eventos podrían ser aquellos relacionados con el inicio de la actividad cambial, la diferenciación de las células vasculares y la organización de los haces vasculares.A methodological critera to study the development of permineralized stems is proposed, which is applied in the analysis of the evo-devo patterns of Corystospermaceae axes, the most important Mesozoic seed fern family

  18. A questão da mulher e a Aids: novos olhares e novas tecnologias de prevenção The issue of the woman and Aids: new views and new technologies of prevention

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sarita Teresinha Alves Amaro

    2005-08-01

    Full Text Available A aids cresce em cifras no Brasil e no mundo. No mundo todo, cerca de 42 milhões de pessoas são soropositivas. Desde o início da década de 80 até setembro de 2003, foram notificados 277.154 casos de aids no Brasil. Atrás desses índices está uma triste realidade: a epidemia cresce 9 vezes mais entre as mulheres. São, no geral, jovens ou mulheres casadas ou que têm relacionamento fixo, sem comportamento promíscuo e que contraíram o vírus dentro de "casa". Junto à descoberta da contaminação pelo vírus, vem a dolorosa verdade da traição do parceiro, a implacável confirmação da fragilidade da relação conjugal vivida, mas principalmente, a morte do mito do amor ideal, guardado numa aliança ou numa união estável. Cada vez mais, vidas femininas são ceifadas assim, com essa história de amor incondicional relativo ao parceiro e total ausência de amor próprio. Devoção de um lado e negligência de outro. Mais do que uma suposta questão filosófica, antropológica ou ontológica, creio que, diante dos números apresentados, o baixo auto-cuidado feminino trata-se de um problema de saúde pública. Mas o que temos feito em termos de prevenção a Aids diante do segmento feminino e suas demandas? Na oportunidade deste relato, teceremos considerações sobre como nós, profissionais de saúde, podemos contribuir na gestão e desenvolvimento de novos programas e tecnologias de prevenção que alcancem o universo feminino e efetivamente desviem-no do comportamento de risco.HIV grows in numbers in Brazil and around the world. In the whole world, about 42 millions people are HIV positive. Since the beginning of the 80's until September of 2003, there were 277.154 cases of HIV confirmed in Brazil. Behind those rates there is a sad reality: the epidemy grows at a rate 9 times higher among women. They are, in general, youngsters or married women or women with stable relationships, without promiscuous behavior and that acquired the

  19. I. T. - R. O. C. K. S. Comet Nuclei Sample Return Mission

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dalcher, N.

    2009-04-01

    samples will be performed by touch and go manoeuvres and a penetrator device [10]. Solar arrays are used as energy source and additional cooling is required to keep the samples at low temperatures (Lisse C., Schultz P., Meech K. J., Delamere W. A. Icarus 187,4-15 (2007). [4] Simon S.B., Joswiak D.J., Ishii H.A., Bradley J.P., Chi M., Grossman L., Aléon J., Brownlee D.E., Fallon S., Hutcheon I.D., Matrajt G., Mckeegan K.D.: Refractory Inclusion Returned by Stardust from Comet P81/Wild 2. Meteoritics and Planetary Science (2007). [5] George D. Cody, Harald Ade, Conel M. O'D. Alexander, Tohru Araki, Anna Butterworth, Holger Fleckenstein, George Flynn, Mary K. Gilles, Chris Jacobsen, A.L. D. Kilcoyne, Keiko Messenger, Scott A. Sandford, Tolek Tyliszczak, Andrew J.Westphal4, Susan Wirick, and Hikaru Yabuta. Quantitative Organic and Light Element analysis of Comet 81P/Wild 2 particles using C-, N-, and O- µ-XANES, Meteoretics and Planetary Science: In Press. [6] Stern, S. et al. Alice: The Rosetta Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph. Space Science Reviews 128, 507-527 (2007). [7] Balsiger, H. et al. Rosina-Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis. Space Science Reviews 128, 745-801 (2007). [8] Colangeli, L. et al. The Grain Impact Analyser and Dust Accumulator (GIADA) Experiment for the Rosetta Mission: Design, Performances and First Results. Space Science Reviews 128, 803-821 (2007). [9] Yoshimitsu, T., Kubota, T., Nakatani, I., Adachi, T. & Saito, H. Micro-hopping robot for asteroid exploration. Acta Astronautica 52, 441-446 (2003). [10] Lorenz, R. et al. Demonstration of comet sample collection by penetrator. ESA SP-542, 387-393 (2003). [11] Küppers et al. Triple F—a comet nucleus sample return mission. Experimental Astronomy, Online First (2008).

  20. PREFACE: Proceedings of the 2008 Numerical Relativity Data Analysis Meeting, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA, 11-14 August 2008 Proceedings of the 2008 Numerical Relativity Data Analysis Meeting, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA, 11-14 August 2008

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sutton, Patrick; Shoemaker, Deirdre

    2009-06-01

    many of the highlights of the meeting. These include an article that summarizes the NINJA project, a collaboration between data analysts and numerical relativists that is testing data analysis pipelines on numerical relativity waveforms buried in simulated detector noise. In addition, there are several technical papers concerning the results of team efforts involved in NINJA. Also included is a review of the status of black-hole simulations, updates on black-hole and neutron-star sources of gravitational waves, accuracy tests of gravitational waveforms, binary parameter estimation methods, updates on searches using analytic and phenomenological waveforms, and a road map to the advanced LIGO detectors. The conference organizers would like to acknowledge the financial support of the National Science Foundation under grant number PHY-0838740, and support from Syracuse University. We thank the local organizing committee of Duncan Brown, Penny Davis and Joshua Smith as well as the other members of the scientific organizing committee of Duncan Brown (Syracuse University), Sascha Husa (AEI), Badri Krishnan (AEI) and Harald Pfeiffer (CITA) for putting together an exciting conference. We also thank the editorial staff of the journal Classical and Quantum Gravity, especially Adam Day, Suzanne Prescott, and Joseph Tennant for their assistance, support, and patience in preparing this issue. Finally, we would like to thank the participants of NRDA2008 for making this conference so vital and energizing. The next NRDA meeting will be held at the Albert Einstein Institute in Potsdam, Germany 6-9 July 2009. We look forward to new collaborations, and to the continued blurring of the lines between our communities as we explore the interface of numerical relativity and data analysis. Patrick Sutton, Cardiff University and Deirdre Shoemaker, Georgia Institute of Technology Guest Editors

  1. Transtracheal single-point stent fixation in posttracheotomy tracheomalacia under cone-beam computer tomography guidance by transmural suturing with the Berci needle – a perspective on a new tool to avoid stent migration of Dumon stents

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hohenforst-Schmidt W

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available Wolfgang Hohenforst-Schmidt,1,9 Bernd Linsmeier,2 Paul Zarogoulidis,3 Lutz Freitag,4 Kaid Darwiche,4 Robert Browning,5 J Francis Turner,6 Haidong Huang,7 Qiang Li,7 Thomas Vogl,8 Konstantinos Zarogoulidis,3 Johannes Brachmann,9 Harald Rittger1 1Medical Clinic I, “Fuerth” Hospital, University of Erlangen, Fuerth, Germany; 2Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medinos Clinic Sonneberg, Sonnerberg, Germany; 3Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, “G. Papanikolaou” General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; 4Department of Interventional Pneumology, Ruhrlandklinik, University Hospital Essen, University of Essen-Duisburg, Tueschener Weg, Essen, Germany; 5Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Interventional Pulmonology, National Naval Medical Center, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA; 6Division of Interventional Pulmonology and Medical Oncology, Cancer Treatment Centers of America, Western Regional Medical Center, Goodyear, AZ, USA; 7Department of Respiratory Diseases Shanghai Hospital, II Military University Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 8Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; 9II Medical Clinic, “Coburg” Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Coburg, GermanyAbstract: Tracheomalacia or tracheobronchomalacia (TM or TBM is a common problem especially for elderly patients often unfit for surgical techniques. Several surgical or minimally invasive techniques have already been described. Stenting is one option but in general long-time stenting is accompanied by a high complication rate. Stent removal is more difficult in case of self-expandable nitinol stents or metallic stents in general in comparison to silicone stents. The main disadvantage of silicone stents in comparison to uncovered metallic stents is migration and plugging. We compared the operation time and in particular the duration of a sufficient Dumon stent

  2. The transcension hypothesis: Sufficiently advanced civilizations invariably leave our universe, and implications for METI and SETI

    Science.gov (United States)

    Smart, John M.

    2012-09-01

    The emerging science of evolutionary developmental ("evo devo") biology can aid us in thinking about our universe as both an evolutionary system, where most processes are unpredictable and creative, and a developmental system, where a special few processes are predictable and constrained to produce far-future-specific emergent order, just as we see in the common developmental processes in two stars of an identical population type, or in two genetically identical twins in biology. The transcension hypothesis proposes that a universal process of evolutionary development guides all sufficiently advanced civilizations into what may be called "inner space," a computationally optimal domain of increasingly dense, productive, miniaturized, and efficient scales of space, time, energy, and matter, and eventually, to a black-hole-like destination. Transcension as a developmental destiny might also contribute to the solution to the Fermi paradox, the question of why we have not seen evidence of or received beacons from intelligent civilizations. A few potential evolutionary, developmental, and information theoretic reasons, mechanisms, and models for constrained transcension of advanced intelligence are briefly considered. In particular, we introduce arguments that black holes may be a developmental destiny and standard attractor for all higher intelligence, as they appear to some to be ideal computing, learning, forward time travel, energy harvesting, civilization merger, natural selection, and universe replication devices. In the transcension hypothesis, simpler civilizations that succeed in resisting transcension by staying in outer (normal) space would be developmental failures, which are statistically very rare late in the life cycle of any biological developing system. If transcension is a developmental process, we may expect brief broadcasts or subtle forms of galactic engineering to occur in small portions of a few galaxies, the handiwork of young and immature

  3. PREFACE: Vibrations at surfaces Vibrations at surfaces

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rahman, Talat S.

    2011-12-01

    This special issue is dedicated to the phenomenon of vibrations at surfaces—a topic that was indispensible a couple of decades ago, since it was one of the few phenomena capable of revealing the nature of binding at solid surfaces. For clean surfaces, the frequencies of modes with characteristic displacement patterns revealed how surface geometry, as well as the nature of binding between atoms in the surface layers, could be different from that in the bulk solid. Dispersion of the surface phonons provided further measures of interatomic interactions. For chemisorbed molecules on surfaces, frequencies and dispersion of the vibrational modes were also critical for determining adsorption sites. In other words, vibrations at surfaces served as a reliable means of extracting information about surface structure, chemisorption and overlayer formation. Experimental techniques, such as electron energy loss spectroscopy and helium-atom-surface scattering, coupled with infra-red spectroscopy, were continually refined and their resolutions enhanced to capture subtleties in the dynamics of atoms and molecules at surfaces. Theoretical methods, whether based on empirical and semi-empirical interatomic potential or on ab initio electronic structure calculations, helped decipher experimental observations and provide deeper insights into the nature of the bond between atoms and molecules in regions of reduced symmetry, as encountered on solid surfaces. Vibrations at surfaces were thus an integral part of the set of phenomena that characterized surface science. Dedicated workshops and conferences were held to explore the variety of interesting and puzzling features revealed in experimental and theoretical investigations of surface vibrational modes and their dispersion. One such conference, Vibrations at Surfaces, first organized by Harald Ibach in Juelich in 1980, continues to this day. The 13th International Conference on Vibrations at Surfaces was held at the University of

  4. Unification, small and large

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Fritzsch, Harald

    1993-04-15

    introduction by Yoichiro Nambu, Sydney Meshkov, Harald Fritzsch and Pierre Ramond outlined a new view of quark and lepton mass spectra as signals of new types of broken symmetries, opening a possible window to physics beyond the Standard Ivlodel. Gordon Kane reviewed supersymmetric possibilities at high energies. The revived Coral Gables meetings will now continue, hopefully seeing the emergence of physics beyond the Standard Model. This year's meeting was organized by Behram Kursunoglu of Coral Gables' Global Foundation, assisted by Sydney Meshkov (SSC), Stephen Mintz (Florida) and Arnold Perlmutter (Miami)

  5. Unification, small and large

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fritzsch, Harald

    1993-01-01

    fermion masses. After an introduction by Yoichiro Nambu, Sydney Meshkov, Harald Fritzsch and Pierre Ramond outlined a new view of quark and lepton mass spectra as signals of new types of broken symmetries, opening a possible window to physics beyond the Standard Ivlodel. Gordon Kane reviewed supersymmetric possibilities at high energies. The revived Coral Gables meetings will now continue, hopefully seeing the emergence of physics beyond the Standard Model. This year's meeting was organized by Behram Kursunoglu of Coral Gables' Global Foundation, assisted by Sydney Meshkov (SSC), Stephen Mintz (Florida) and Arnold Perlmutter (Miami)

  6. Emissions from animal husbandry. Greenhouse gases, environmental assessment, state of the art; Emissionen der Tierhaltung. Treibhausgase, Umweltbewertung, Stand der Technik

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2011-07-01

    Within the KTBL conference (KTBL = Board of trustees for technology and construction science in the field of agriculture, Darmstadt, Federal Republic of Germany) from 6th to 8th December, 2011, in the monastery Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Federal Republic of Germany), the following lectures were held: (1) Development and environmental impacts of livestock production worldwide (Harald Menzl); (2) Methods to assess environmental aspects of livestock (Hayo van der Werf); (3) Methological aspects of environmental assessment of livestock production by Life Cycle Assessment (Lorie Hamelin); (4) Life Cycle Assessment of milk production systems (Gerard Gaillard); (5) Environmental impact assessment of beef production systems demonstrated for greenhouse gases (Monika Ziehetmeier); (6) Environmental impact assessment of pig production systems in Europe - From land use to feed efficiency (Ingrid Strid); (7) Envionmental impact assessment of egg production systems in Europe as seen from the United Kingdom (Adrian Willias); (8) Environmental impacts and improvement options of chicken meat production (Juha-Matti Katajajuuri); (9) Greenhouse gas emissions from livestock farming (Annette Freibauer); (10) Methane and nitrous oxide emissions from livestock manure: The scientific basis (Soeren O. Petersen); (11) Strategic measures to influence methane emissions from livestock (Michael Kreuzer); (12) Enteric methane production - Results from respiration chambers (Michael Derno); (13) Greenhouse gas emissions from cattle housing systems (Inga Schiefler); (14) Towards reduced methane from grass-based Irish milk production systems (Eva Lewis); (15) Greenhouse gas emissions from pig housing (Knut-Haakan Jeppsson); (16) Greenhouse gas emissions from poultry housings and manure management: inventory and update of emission factors (Peter Groot Koerkamp); (17) Greenhouse gas emissions from the storage of liquid and solid manure and abatement strategies (Lena Rodhe); (18) Nitrous oxide emissions

  7. Galaxy Clusters, Near and Far, Have a Lot in Common

    Science.gov (United States)

    2005-04-01

    . "This will help to answer important questions about the nature and structure of the Universe." The other members of the team were: Laurence Jones (University of Birmingham, UK) Harald Ebeling (Institute for Astronomy, HI, USA), and Caleb Scharf (Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, NY, USA). The observations were made with the European Photon Imaging Camera (EPIC) on XMM and the Advanced Camera for Imaging and Spectroscopy (ACIS) on Chandra. They were part of the WARPS survey of distant galaxy clusters detected by chance in observations made with the UK-US-Dutch ROSAT X-ray satellite. Additional information and images are available at: http://www.sr.bham.ac.uk/~habib/nampr/

  8. Enfermedad de Hirschsprung

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gonzalo López Escobar

    1990-04-01

    Full Text Available

    Definición
    La enfermedad de Hirschsprung, megacolon congénito o agangliónico, o Aganglionosis Intestinal Congénita, es una anomalía caracterizada por la ausencia congénita de células ganglionares del sistema parasimpático de los piejos intermientéricos de Auerbach, situado entre las capas musculares, circular y longitudinal, y el submucoso de Meissner; con conducción inefectiva del peristaltismo, ocasionando obstrucción funcional (24, 37, 65, 82, 120, 130, 134.

    Historia
    La descripción del megacolon congénito fue hecha por e! pediatra danés, HARALD HIRSCHSPRUNG, en 1886, en el Congreso de Pediatría de Berlín, donde describió dos casos, un niño de 7, Y otro de II meses de edad, quienes murieron, y al practicar la autopsia observó “dilatación enorme del colon”, con fecalomas en su interior y ulceraciones de la mucosa. Su informe apareció en la literatura médica un año después, en 1887.

    Sin embargo, la prime¡a anotación de esta alteración se le asigna a FREDERICK RUYSCH, quien en 1691, publicó en Amsterdam, en la Revista “Observationum AnatomiciChirurgicarum Centuria”, la descripción de la autopsia de una niña de cinco años quien había sido tratada por dolor y distensión abdominal, y flatos, finalmente murió; al abrir el cadáver pudo apreciar “todas las vísceras abdominales cubiertas por el colon distendido desde el recto”, descartó lo demás por considerarlo normal. (67, 129.

    En 1825, Parry hizo la primera descripción en la literatura inglesa, de un joven de 23 años quien sufría de estreñimiento. (69, 129.

    En 1829, Billar, informó dos casos similares.

    En 1867, Lewitt, en Ann Arbor, Michigan, informó el primer caso en la literatura americana, de un joven de 21 años, con dolores abdominales y distensión, y al practicar el tacto anal encontró gran masa que ocupaba toda la pelvis, al parecer un fecaloma. (129.

  9. Should I go to court?: an assessment of the role of the Judiciary in disputes between cattle raisers and meatpackers in Brazil ¿Debo ir a la corte?: el papel del poder judicial en los conflictos entre ganaderos y la industria frigorífica en Brasil Devo ir ao tribunal?: o papel do Judiciário nas disputas entre pecuaristas e a indústria frigorífica no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Silvia Morales de Queiroz Caleman

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available The main objective of this perspective paper is to analyze the role of the judiciary in resolving conflicts between cattle raisers and meatpacking firms in Brazil. Looking at the transaction for the acquisition of cattle for slaughter in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (the central-western region of Brazil, the analysis encompasses three steps. First, the authors describe the transaction pattern between cattle raisers and meatpacking firms, identifying a guarantee vacuum within the supply chain. Secondly, the authors present evidence that the guarantee vacuum may give rise to legal conflicts of non-payment, which are indeed prevalent in disputes that reach the courts. Finally, the role of the judiciary in resolving these conflicts is investigated. Results suggest that, on average, producers have little confidence in the legal system, indicating the potential function that informal mechanisms may play in the supply chain. The paper concludes by suggesting some implications for public and private strategies.El principal objetivo en este estudio es examinar el papel del poder judicial en la resolución de conflictos entre ganaderos y la industria frigorífica en Brasil. Para ello, se investiga la compra de ganado para matadero en el estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (centro oeste de Brasil en tres etapas. Inicialmente, se describe el patrón de las transacciones entre los ganaderos y la industria frigorífica, lo que permite identificar un vacío de garantías a lo largo de la cadena de suministro. A continuación, se presentan evidencias de que dicho vacío de garantías puede dar lugar a conflictos legales relativos a falta de pago, lo que es, efectivamente, el tema predominante en el poder judicial. Finalmente, se investiga el papel del poder judicial en la resolución de dichos conflictos. Los resultados sugieren que los productores tienen, en general, poca confianza en el sistema legal, lo que indica un posible papel que mecanismos informales juegan en este sistema agroindustrial. Se concluye el estudio con sugerencias de estrategias públicas y privadas.A pesquisa apresentada neste artigo tem por principal objetivo analisar o papel do Judiciário na solução de conflitos entre os pecuaristas e a indústria frigorífica no Brasil. Para tanto, investiga-se a aquisição de gado para abate no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (Centro-Oeste do Brasil, em três etapas. Inicialmente, descreve-se o padrão da transação entre os pecuaristas e a indústria frigorífica, identificando um vácuo de garantias ao longo da cadeia de suprimentos. Em sequência, apresentam-se evidências de que esse vácuo de garantias pode dar margem a conflitos legais de não pagamento, o que, de fato, é a questão prevalente no Judiciário. Finalmente, investiga-se o papel do Judiciário para solucionar esses conflitos. Os resultados sugerem que, em média, os produtores têm baixa confiança no sistema legal, indicando um papel potencial que mecanismos informais desempenham nesse sistema agroindustrial. Conclui-se com sugestões de estratégias públicas e privadas.

  10. Preface: Phonons 2007

    Science.gov (United States)

    Perrin, Bernard

    2007-06-01

    were offered by C'Nano IdF (Centre de Compétence NanoSciences Ile-de-France/Paris District Competence Center in Nanosciences). I want also to point out the strong support given by three institutions: CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), INSP (Institut des NanoSciences de Paris) and SFA (Socitété Française d'Acoustique). Finally, I would like to thank the members of the different committees who helped for the organization of this conference. I am particularly indebted to Bernard Bonello, Arnaud Devos, Jean-Yves Duquesne, Jean-Yves Prieur and Clément Rossignol for their invaluable help. I appreciated the kindness and efficiency of Armelle Guilloux ('Ellipse & Co'). I want also to express my thanks to close collaborators: Catherine Dematteis, Agnès Huynh and Emmanuel Péronne. During the conference, I appreciated the valuable assistance of Sandrine Guit, Béatrice Desoudin and of the student team. The edition of these proceedings could not have been possible without the tremendous amount of work performed by Jean-Yves Duquesne and the valuable help of Jean-Yves Prieur. I hope that the delegates of PHONONS 2007 enjoyed the program and will be willing to attend the 13th conference which will be chaired by Professor Chi Kuang Sun in Taiwan in 2010. Bernard Perrin, Chairman of PHONONS 2007 Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, Paris, November 2007 Copyright: CNRS Photo - Nicole TIGET. The PDF contains the lists of committee members, sponsors and participants.

  11. Researchers Use NRAO Telescope to Study Formation Of Chemical Precursors to Life

    Science.gov (United States)

    2006-08-01

    discovered acetamide (CH3CONH2), which can be formed when a previously-discovered neutral molecule called formamide (HCONH2) combines with radicals such as CH2 and CH3, also previously discovered. Acetamide is particularly interesting because it contains a peptide bond which is the means for linking amino acids together to form proteins. Once interstellar molecules are ejected from dust grains into the gas phase, presumably by shock waves, they are free to rotate end-over-end. As gas molecules change their rotational modes, they can emit or absorb radiation at precise radio frequencies, called transitions, that are unique to each type of molecule. By detecting several rotational transitions, astronomers can unambiguously identify a specific interstellar molecule. "It is important to note that likely interstellar molecule candidates are first studied in gas-phase laboratory experiments so that transition frequencies are known in advance of an interstellar experiment," said Frank Lovas of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Along the line of sight from the interstellar cloud to the telescope, thousands of billions of molecules undergo the exact same transition, producing a signal strong enough to be detected by sensitive equipment. For this type of work, the GBT is the world's most sensitive tool that can be accurately pointed and track astronomical objects. In addition to Hollis, Jewell, Remijan, and Lovas, the research team included Lewis Snyder of the University of Illinois; Harald Mollendal of the University of Oslo, Norway; Vadim Ilyushin of the Institute of Radio Astronomy of the National Academy of Sciences of the Ukraine; and Isabell Kleiner of the Universite Paris, France. The astronomers' reports on their results appeared in 8 separate editions of the Astrophysical Journal. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation, operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.

  12. List of Posters

    Science.gov (United States)

    List of Posters: Dark matter annihilation in the Galactic galo, by Dokuchaev Vyacheslav, et al. NEMO developments towards km3 telescope in the Mediterranean Sea. The NEMO project. Neutrino Mediterranean Observatory By Antonio Capone, NEMO Collaboration. Alignment as a result from QCD jet production or new still unknown physics at LHC? By Alexander Snigirev. Small-scale fluctuations of extensive air showers: systematics in energy and muon density estimation By Grigory Rubtsov. SHINIE: Simulation of High-Energy Neutrino Interacting with the Earth By Lin Guey-Lin, et al.. Thermodynamics of rotating solutions in n+1 dimensional Einstein - Maxwell -dilation gravity By Ahmad Sheykhi, et al.. Supernova neutrino physics with future large Cherenkov detectors By Daniele Montanino. Crossing of the Cosmological Constant Barrier in the string Inspired Dark Energy Model By S. Yu. Vernov. Calculations of radio signals produced by ultra-high and extremely high energy neutrino induced cascades in Antarctic ice By D. Besson, et al.. Inflation, Cosmic Acceleration and string Gravity By Ischwaree Neupane. Neutrino Physics: Charm and J/Psi production in the atmosphere By Liudmila Volkova. Three generation flavor transitions and decays of supernova relic neutrinos By Daniele Montanino. Lattice calculations & computational quantum field theory: Sonification of Quark and Baryon Spectra By Markum Harald, et al.. Generalized Kramers-Wannier Duality for spin systems with non-commutative symmetry By V. M. Buchstaber, et al.. Heavy ion collisions & quark matter: Nuclear matter jets and multifragmentation By Danut Argintaru, et al.. QCD hard interactions: The qT-spectrum of the Higgs and Slepton-pairs at the LHC By Guiseppe Bozzi. QCD soft interactions: Nonperturbative effects in Single-Spin Asymmetries: Instantons and TMD-parton distributions By Igor Cherednikov, et al.. Gluon dominance model and high multiplicity By Elena Kokoulina. Resonances in eta pi- pi- pi+ system By Dmitry Ryabchikov

  13. ROSAT Discovers Unique, Distant Cluster of Galaxies

    Science.gov (United States)

    1995-06-01

    (Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Merate, and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Milano, Italy), Harald Ebeling (Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge, U.K.), Chris A. Collins (School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, John-Moores University, Liverpool, U.K.), Sabrina De Grandi (Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Milano, Italy), Peter Shaver (ESO, Garching, Germany) and Giampaolo Vettolani (Istituto di Radioastronomia del CNR, Bologna, Italy). [3] The total X-ray energy emitted by RXJ1347.5-1145 is (6.2 +-0.6) 10^45 erg s-1 in the range 0.1--2.4 keV. ESO Press Information is made available on the World-Wide Web (URL: http://www.hq.eso.org/) and on CompuServe (space science and astronomy area, GO SPACE)

  14. News and Announcements

    Science.gov (United States)

    1999-06-01

    1999 EAS Awards The Eastern Analytical Symposium (EAS) announces the winners of their 1999 awards, which will be presented during their annual meeting, to be held November 14-19, 1999, at the Garden State Convention Center in Somerset, NJ. ACS Analytical Chemistry Division, Findeis Young Investigator Award David Clemmer, Indiana University EAS Award for Achievements in Separation Science Milton L. Lee, Brigham Young University EAS Award for Achievements in Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Phil Williams, Grain Research Laboratory, Winnipeg, Canada EAS Award for Achievements in Magnetic Resonance Frank A. L. Anet, University of California, Los Angeles (Emeritus) EAS Award for Outstanding Achievements in the Fields of Analytical Chemistry Catherine Fenselau, University of Maryland at College Park Galactic Industries Award for Achievements in Chemometrics Harald Martens, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Proposal Deadlines National Science Foundation Division of Undergraduate Education (DUE) Course, Curriculum, and Laboratory Improvement (CCLI) June 7, 1999 NSF Collaboratives for Excellence in Teacher Preparation (CETP) Preliminary proposals, Track 1 May 1, 1999 Formal proposals, Track 1 September 1, 1999 DUE online 1999 guidelines, NSF 99-53 available at http://www.nsf.gov/cgi-bin/getpub?nsf9953 For further information about NSF DUE programs consult the DUE Web site, http://www.ehr.nsf.gov/EHR/DUE/start.htm. Program deadlines are at http://www.ehr.nsf.gov/EHR/DUE/programs/programs.htm . To contact the DUE Information Center, phone: 703/306-1666; email: undergrad@nsf.gov. The Camille and Henry Dreyfus Foundation, Inc. Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Awards Program: November 16, 1998 Henry Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Awards Program: July 1, 1999 New Faculty Awards Program: May 14, 1999 Faculty Start-up Grants for Undergraduate Institutions: May 14, 1999 Scholar/Fellow Program for Undergraduate Institutions: July 1, 1999 Special Grant Program in the Chemical Sciences

  15. The Signing of the U.S.-India Agreement Concerning Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jörn Müller

    2009-02-01

    ="MsoFootnoteReference">[3]        Kate Heinzelman, Towards Common Interests and Responsibilities: The U.S.-India Civil Nuclear Deal and the International Nonproliferation Regime, Yale Journal of International Law 33 (2008 447-478, 449.

[4]        Id., 472-478; Oliver Meier, The US-India Nuclear Deal: The End of Universal Non-Proliferation Efforts?, Internationale Politik und Gesellschaft (2006 4, 28-43, 38-41.

[5]        Leonard Weiss, U.S.-India Nuclear Cooperation. Better Later than Sooner, Nonproliferation Review 14 (2007 429-457, 452; Harald Müller & Carsten Rauch, Der Atomdeal. Die indisch-amerikanische Nuklearkooperation und ihre Auswirkung auf das globale Nichtverbreitungsregime (2007, 23. Especially domestic approval in India turned out to be difficult, yet was finally achieved in summer 2008.

  • EDITORIAL: Focus on Quantum Cryptography: Theory and Practice FOCUS ON QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY: THEORY AND PRACTICE

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lütkenhaus, N.; Shields, A. J.

    2009-04-01

    distribution network in Vienna M Peev, C Pacher, R Alléaume, C Barreiro, J Bouda, W Boxleitner, T Debuisschert, E Diamanti, M Dianati, J F Dynes, S Fasel, S Fossier, M Fürst, J-D Gautier, O Gay, N Gisin, P Grangier, A Happe, Y Hasani, M Hentschel, H Hübel, G Humer, T Länger, M Legré, R Lieger, J Lodewyck, T Lorünser, N Lütkenhaus, A Marhold, T Matyus, O Maurhart, L Monat, S Nauerth, J-B Page, A Poppe, E Querasser, G Ribordy, S Robyr, L Salvail, A W Sharpe, A J Shields, D Stucki, M Suda, C Tamas, T Themel, R T Thew, Y Thoma, A Treiber, P Trinkler, R Tualle-Brouri, F Vannel, N Walenta, H Weier, H Weinfurter, I Wimberger, Z L Yuan, H Zbinden and A Zeilinger Stable quantum key distribution with active polarization control based on time-division multiplexing J Chen, G Wu, L Xu, X Gu, E Wu and H Zeng Controlling passively quenched single photon detectors by bright light Vadim Makarov Information leakage via side channels in freespace BB84 quantum cryptography Sebastian Nauerth, Martin Fürst, Tobias Schmitt-Manderbach, Henning Weier and Harald Weinfurter Standardization of quantum key distribution and the ETSI standardization initiative ISG-QKD Thomas Länger and Gaby Lenhart Entangled quantum key distribution with a biased basis choice Chris Erven, Xiongfeng Ma, Raymond Laflamme and Gregor Weihs Finite-key analysis for practical implementations of quantum key distribution Raymond Y Q Cai and Valerio Scarani Field test of a continuous-variable quantum key distribution prototype S Fossier, E Diamanti, T Debuisschert, A Villing, R Tualle-Brouri and P Grangier Physics and application of photon number resolving detectors based on superconducting parallel nanowires F Marsili, D Bitauld, A Gaggero, S Jahanmirinejad, R Leoni, F Mattioli and A Fiore Device-independent quantum key distribution secure against collective attacks Stefano Pironio, Antonio Acín, Nicolas Brunner, Nicolas Gisin, Serge Massar and Valerio Scarani 1310 nm differential-phase-shift QKD system using

  • Free and Open Source Software underpinning the European Forest Data Centre

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rodriguez Aseretto, Dario; Di Leo, Margherita; de Rigo, Daniele; Corti, Paolo; McInerney, Daniel; Camia, Andrea; San-Miguel-Ayanz, Jesús

    2013-04-01

    ), 104-103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MC.2007.292 Cai, Y., Judd, K. L., Lontzek, T. S., May 2012. Open science is necessary. Nature Climate Change 2 (5), 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1509 Sonnenburg, S., Braun, M. L., Ong, C. S., Bengio, S., Bottou, L., Holmes, G., LeCun, Y., Müller, K. R., Pereira, F., Rasmussen, C. E., Rätsch, G., Schölkopf, B., Smola, A., Vincent, P., Weston, J., Williamson, R., Dec. 2007. The need for open source software in machine learning. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 8, 2443-2466. http://jmlr.csail.mit.edu/papers/v8/sonnenburg07a.html de Vos, M. G., Janssen, S. J. C., van Bussel, L. G. J., Kromdijk, J., van Vliet, J., Top, J. L., Dec. 2011. Are environmental models transparent and reproducible enough? In: Chan, F., Marinova, D., Anderssen, R. S. (Eds.), MODSIM2011, 19th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, pp. 2954-2961. http://www.mssanz.org.au/modsim2011/G7/devos.pdf Peng, R. D., 2011. Reproducible research in computational science. Science 334 (6060), 1226-1227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1213847 European Commission, 2011. Strategy for internal use of OSS at the EC. European Commission, Directorate-General for Informatics (DIGIT). http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/informatics/oss_tech/index_en.htm (archived at: http://www.webcitation.org/6DXuBeTAU ) European Commission, 2006. European Union forest action plan. No. COM(2006) 302 final. Communication from the Commission. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2006:0302:FIN:EN:HTML Ticheler, J., Hielkema, J. U., 2007. GeoNetwork opensource. OSGeo Journal 2, 1-5. http://journal.osgeo.org/index.php/journal/article/viewFile/86/69 European Parliament, 2007. Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 march 2007 establishing an infrastructure for spatial information in the european community (INSPIRE). Official Journal of the European Union 50 (L 108), 1-14. http

  • EDITORIAL: Announcing the 2009 Measurement Science and Technology Outstanding Paper Awards Announcing the 2009 Measurement Science and Technology Outstanding Paper Awards

    Science.gov (United States)

    Foss, John; Dewhurst, Richard; Fujii, Kenichi; Regtien, Paul

    2010-06-01

    term effects of, for instance, contamination of the optical parts. Hopefully this will be investigated and published in the next stage of the research. 2009 Award Winners—Measurement Science Analysis and mitigation of measurement uncertainties in the traceability chain for the calibration of photovoltaic devices Harald Mullejans, Willem Zaaiman and Roberto Galleano European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Energy, Renewable Energy Unit, European Solar Test Installation, Via E Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra (Va), Italy The energy output and efficiency from different types of photovoltaic (PV) devices is an essential characteristic of photovoltaics. They may only be assessed from cell performance under standard test conditions, with traceability back to international standards. As this paper [4] points out in its introduction, the reliability of the measurements and their uncertainty are of crucial importance to manufacturers, operators and investors. Several features in the format of the article help to make this an excellent paper. Following an informative abstract, the paper has a concise introduction followed by a detailed formulation of the problem to be addressed. After a discussion of present-day international codes related to the measurement and performance of PVs, the paper goes on to describe one of the most difficult issues in traceability, that of deriving an irradiance quantity which is normally measured by a reference PV device. This might appear straightforward, but the paper highlights the difficulties of measuring the irradiance of sunlight (either simulated or natural) during the evaluation of the electrical performance of PV devices. The calibration of any PV device essentially consists of the measurement of the IV characteristics, by sweeping the device from its short-circuit condition (SC) to its open-circuit condition (OC) when exposed to (pulsed or continuous) simulated or natural sunlight. In this paper, all measurements were carried

  • SINFONI Opens with Upbeat Chords

    Science.gov (United States)

    2004-08-01

    the development of SINFONI for nearly 7 years. Some of the members of the Commissioning Teams are depicted in PR Photos 24g/04 and 24h/04; in addition to the SPIFFI team members present on the second photo, Walter Bornemann, Reinhard Genzel, Hans Gemperlein, Stefan Huber have also been working on the reintegration/commissioning in Paranal. Notes [1] This press release is issued in coordination between ESO, the Max-Planck-Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE) in Garching, Germany, and the Nederlandse Onderzoekschool Voor Astronomie in Leiden, The Netherlands. A German version is available at http://www.mpg.de/bilderBerichteDokumente/dokumentation/pressemitteilungen/2004/pressemitteilung20040824/index.html and a Dutch version at http://www.astronomy.nl/inhoud/pers/persberichten/30_08_04.html. [2] The SINFONI team consists of Roberto Abuter, Andrew Baker, Walter Bornemann, Ric Davies, Frank Eisenhauer (SPIFFI Principal Investigator), Hans Gemperlein, Reinhard Genzel (MPE Director), Andrea Gilbert, Armin Goldbrunner, Matthew Horrobin, Stefan Huber, Christof Iserlohe, Matthew Lehnert, Werner Lieb, Dieter Lutz, Nicole Nesvadba, Claudia Röhrle, Jürgen Schreiber, Linda Tacconi, Matthias Tecza, Niranjan Thatte, Harald Weisz (Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Garching, Germany), Anthony Brown, Paul van der Werf (NOVA, Leiden, The Netherlands), Eddy Elswijk, Johan Pragt, Jan Kragt, Gabby Kroes, Ton Schoenmaker, Rik ter Horst (ASTRON, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands), Henri Bonnet (SINFONI Project Manager), Roberto Castillo, Ralf Conzelmann, Romuald Damster, Bernard Delabre, Christophe Dupuy, Robert Donaldson, Christophe Dumas, Enrico Fedrigo, Gert Finger, Gordon Gillet, Norbert Hubin (Head of Adaptive Optics Dept.), Andreas Kaufer, Franz Koch, Johann Kolb, Andrea Modigliani, Guy Monnet (Head of Telescope Systems Division), Chris Lidman, Jochen Liske, Jean Louis Lizon, Markus Kissler-Patig (SINFONI Instrument Scientist), Jerome Paufique, Juha Reunanen