Achievement report in fiscal 1999 on commissioned research project. 'Model project for facilities to effectively utilize wastes from industrial complexes in Thailand' Project for 1999 Volume 3; 1999 nendo seika hokokusho. Tai ni okeru kogyo danchi sangyo haikibutsu yuko riyo setsubi moderu jigyo - 3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With an objective to reuse industrial wastes and effectively utilize them as a petroleum replacing energy resource, and attempt to reduce consumption of fossil fuel in Thailand where increase in discharge of industrial wastes is estimated, a model project for facilities to effectively utilize wastes from industrial complexes has been carried out. This paper reports the achievements in fiscal 1999. Specifically, the project calls for incineration in fluidized bed incinerators of industrial wastes discharged from factories in industrial complexes possessed by the Industrial Estate Authority of Thailand (IEAT), recovery of waste heat from waste heat recovering boilers to generate process steam, which is supplied to the factories in the complexes. The current fiscal year, which is the first current year of the project, has put into order the operations shared by Japan and Thailand, compiled the various procedures and schedules into the form of appendices to the agreement, and executed signing of the agreement. Thereafter, the Japanese side has carried out decision on the specifications of the facilities, the basic designs, the detailed designs of facilities to be arranged by Japan, and the fabrication of some of the devices according to the descriptions of the agreement appendices. The volume 3 summarizes the inspection reports other than those included in the Volume 2. (NEDO)

Achievement report in fiscal 1999 on commissioned research project. 'Model project for facilities to effectively utilize wastes from industrial complexes in Thailand' Project for 1999 Volume 2; 1999 nendo seika hokokusho. Tai ni okeru kogyo danchi sangyo haikibutsu yuko riyo setsubi moderu jigyo - 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With an objective to reuse industrial wastes and effectively utilize them as a petroleum replacing energy resource, and attempt to reduce consumption of fossil fuel in Thailand where increase in discharge of industrial wastes is estimated, a model project for facilities to effectively utilize wastes from industrial complexes has been carried out. This paper reports the achievements in fiscal 1999. Specifically, the project calls for incineration in fluidized bed incinerators of industrial wastes discharged from factories in industrial complexes possessed by the Industrial Estate Authority of Thailand (IEAT), recovery of waste heat from waste heat recovering boilers to generate process steam, which is supplied to the factories in the complexes. The current fiscal year, which is the first current year of the project, has put into order the operations shared by Japan and Thailand, compiled the various procedures and schedules into the form of appendices to the agreement, and executed signing of the agreement. Thereafter, the Japanese side has carried out decision on the specifications of the facilities, the basic designs, the detailed designs of facilities to be arranged by Japan, and the fabrication of some of the devices according to the descriptions of the agreement appendices. The volume 2 summarizes the inspection reports in the referential materials. (NEDO)

Arhitektuuriuudised / Karen Jagodin

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Jagodin, Karen, 1982-

2007-01-01

Trossidega majale kinnitatud rippuv tuba (autor Stefan Eberstadt); disainikooli hoone Saksamaa tööstuspiirkonnas (arhitektid Kazuyo Sejima ja Ryue Nishizawa); hiidlille kujuline elamu Hollandis (arhitektid Ben Huygen ja Jasper Jägers); Fuji mäe kujuline eramu Jaapanis (arhitekt Yuko Nagayama); AR Arhitektuuriauhinnad noorele arhitektile; laeva ja püramiidi hübriidi vormiga elamu (arhitekt Katsuhiro Miyamoto)

Studies on the utilization of inedible parts produced at processing the marine products. Part 1; Suisan haikibutsu no kodo riyo ni kansuru kenkyu. 1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kitamura, S.; Nomura, A.; Quinones, H. [Industrial Technology Center of Kochi Prefecture, Kochi (Japan)

1995-09-01

For the purpose of effectively using marine products in Kochi pref., analyses were made of the components of the following marine products: the head and inside of frigate mackerel disposed of at the time of producing dried frigate mackerel (an annual catch of the frigate mackerel is about 12000-15000 tons, almost half of which is used for processing for dried bonito), the head and other part of lobster disposed of at lobster restaurants (including the shell of lobster), the skin of lazard fish disposed of in boiled fish paste producing plants. The analysis was conducted in terms of the composition of coarse fatty and fatty acid, free amino acid, ATP related compounds, etc. As a result, the following were found out: in the fat of the head and inside of frigate mackerel, DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) were included by 20-30% and 10%, respectively, and the fat is promising as supply source of high-grade unsaturated fatty acid; in the head and other part of lobster, chitin chitosan is included in addition to free amino acid such as glycine and alanine; in the skin of lazard fish, ATP related compounds such as inosinic acid are included, and the skin is useful for a raw material of the seasoning. 15 refs., 4 figs., 6 tabs.

Fiscal 1996 report on the results of the R and D of technology of high-level treatment/effective use of domestic/industrial wastes, etc. (for public); 1996 nendo Shin Energy Sangyo gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku seikatsu sangyo haikibutsu shori yuko riyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (kokaiyo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

For the purpose of reducing environmental loads of waste and effectively using resource by waste recycling, a study was conducted of high-level treatment/effective use technology for domestic/industrial wastes, etc. The paper reported the results of fiscal 1996. In the EcoCement producing technology using the synthetic urban type waste, EcoCement with stable quality was obtained using sewage sludge and industrial waste as raw materials. In the specified freon decomposition disposal technology, an experiment was carried out on durability, etc. of the processing unit. In the high speed/reduced smell biological garbage disposal technology, technology of fermenting disposal, etc. were established, and at the same time technology of making garbage compost was developed. In the technology to manufacture environment friendly type plastic containers, etc., a degradation behavior was grasped of degradable plastics in the compost. In the spread type waste plastic/thermal recycle technology, studied were a system to collect waste and a system to make waste solid fuel. Technology to recycle coolant freon was studied. 14 refs., 261 figs., 137 tabs.

Environment-friendly type energy and coordinated community development project. Feasibility study for industrialization of high efficiency waste-fired power generation system using animal waste; Kankyo chowagata energy community keisei sokushin. Kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden (chikusan haikibutsu riyo) jigyoka FS chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

To introduce the power generation system fueled by animal waste (excrements), one of the so-called industrial waste, its feasibility has been studied in Koyu and surrounding area located in Miyazaki Prefecture. This report includes the technical feasibility of available quantity of animal waste, chemical analysis of the waste, and basic design of the power generation system containing the furnace model and also its economical feasibility. The available quantity of animal waste in Koyu area is about 169,000 tons a year, which can generate 10.5 MW of electric power. That including the surrounding area is about 219,000 tons a year, which can generate 15.0 MW. The heating values of animal excrements in average and as received are 970 kcal/kg for pigs and 1,230 to 2,700 kcal/kg for broilers. In the case of combustion of mixed broiler and pig excrements, both of the stoker and fluidized-bed model furnaces become refractory furnace construction and provide with heat recovery boiler due to their high moisture content. In addition, the stoker furnace model requires an excrement dryer system as pre-treatment of fuel. For the fluidized-bed furnace of 15 MW grade power plant using the mixed fuel of 50% broiler excrements and 50% pig excrements, the power generation efficiency of 23% can be expected at generator end. The generating cost is around 10 yen/kWh. 27 refs., 61 tabs.

FY 1999 report on the results of the contract project 'The model project for facilities for effective utilization of industrial waste at the industrial complex in Thailand.' Separate Volume 4 - FY 1999 project; 1999 nendo seika hokokusho. Tai ni okeru kogyo danchi sangyo haikibutsu yuko riyo setsubi moderu jigyo - 4

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of reducing the consumption of fossil fuel by recycling industrial waste for effective use as petroleum substituting energy in Thailand where the amount of industrial waste is expected to increase, a model project on facilities for effective use of industrial waste at the industrial complex was carried out, and the FY 1999 results were reported. Concretely, the industrial waste generated from each plant at the industrial complex owned by IEAT is to be incinerated in fluidized bed incinerator, and the process steam is to be generated by recovering waste heat by waste heat recovery boiler and to be supplied to plants within the complex. In this fiscal year, the first year of the project, the attachment to the agreement was prepared in terms of the allotment of the project work between Japan and Thailand, various kinds of gist, schedules, etc. and signed. After that, the following were conducted at the Japan side according to the attachment to the agreement: determination of the basic specifications for facilities, basic design, detailed design, manufacture of a part of the equipment, etc. Separate Volume 4 included the results of the inspection of the tank, pump, blower, etc. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the contract project 'The model project for facilities for effective utilization of industrial waste at the industrial complex in Thailand.' Separate Volume 6 - FY 1999 project; 1999 nendo seika hokokusho. Tai ni okeru kogyo danchi sangyo haikibutsu yuko riyo setsubi moderu jigyo - 6

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of reducing the consumption of fossil fuel by recycling industrial waste for effective use as petroleum substituting energy in Thailand where the amount of industrial waste is expected to increase, a model project on facilities for effective use of industrial waste at the industrial complex was carried out, and the FY 1999 results were reported. Concretely, the industrial waste generated from each plant at the industrial complex owned by IEAT is to be incinerated in fluidized bed incinerator, and the process steam is to be generated by recovering waste heat by waste heat recovery boiler and to be supplied to plants within the complex. In this fiscal year, the first year of the project, the attachment to the agreement was prepared in terms of the allotment of the project work between Japan and Thailand, various kinds of gist, schedules, etc. and signed. After that, the following were conducted at the Japan side according to the attachment to the agreement: determination of the basic specifications for facilities, basic design, detailed design, manufacture of a part of the equipment, etc. Separate Volume 6 included drawings of assembling of the equipment such as crane, crusher and valve. (NEDO)

Also deputies will say something to new pipeline of Slovnaft

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marcan, P.

2005-01-01

The oil transit company, Transpetrol, expects the new Bratislava-Schwechat pipeline connecting the OMV refinery to the Druzba pipeline to increase the use of the pipeline and improve company revenues by 20%. The Austrian project partner, OMV, looks to the project to decrease transportation costs for Russian oil. One sixth of the 60 km pipeline will be built in Slovakia, but there is a problem - the Slovak Ministry of Environment and the City of Bratislava have not approved the route proposed by Transpetrol. In their opinion, the propose route would endanger the protected area, Zitny ostrov, that provides drinking water to the capital. Slovnaft also plans a new pipeline to replace the old obsolete one used to transport its products to the mineral oils transhipment centre at Bratislava docks. One of the alternatives proposed by Slovnaft is the construction of a pipeline and transhipment centre on Zitny ostrov. Unlike the Transpetrol project, this has already received approval from the Ministry of Environment. Before construction work on the pipeline to Schwechat can start. OMV will have resolve issues related to the supply of oil from Russia. According to the original plans, Yukos, which owns a 49% stake in Transpetrol, was to supply the oil. But due to tax problems in Russia, Yukos lost its main drilling division, Juganskneftgaz

Effects of 16-week high-intensity interval training using upper and lower body ergometers on aerobic fitness and morphological changes in healthy men: a preliminary study

OpenAIRE

Osawa, Yusuke; Azuma, Koichiro; Tabata, Shogo; Katsukawa, Fuminori; Ishida, Hiroyuki; Oguma, Yuko; Kawai, Toshihide; Itoh, Hiroshi; Okuda, Shigeo; Matsumoto, Hideo

2014-01-01

Yusuke Osawa,1,2,* Koichiro Azuma,3,* Shogo Tabata,3 Fuminori Katsukawa,2 Hiroyuki Ishida,2 Yuko Oguma,2 Toshihide Kawai,4 Hiroshi Itoh,4 Shigeo Okuda,5 Hideo Matsumoto3 1Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; 2Sports Medicine Research Center, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan; 3Institute for Integrated Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan; 4Department of Internal Medicine, School of Me...

FY 1999 report on the results of the contract project 'The model project for facilities for effective utilization of industrial waste at the industrial complex in Thailand.' Separate Volume 4 - FY 1999 project; 1999 nendo seika hokokusho. Tai ni okeru kogyo danchi sangyo haikibutsu yuko riyo setsubi moderu jigyo - 4

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of reducing the consumption of fossil fuel by recycling industrial waste for effective use as petroleum substituting energy in Thailand where the amount of industrial waste is expected to increase, a model project on facilities for effective use of industrial waste at the industrial complex was carried out, and the FY 1999 results were reported. Concretely, the industrial waste generated from each plant at the industrial complex owned by IEAT is to be incinerated in fluidized bed incinerator, and the process steam is to be generated by recovering waste heat by waste heat recovery boiler and to be supplied to plants within the complex. In this fiscal year, the first year of the project, the attachment to the agreement was prepared in terms of the allotment of the project work between Japan and Thailand, various kinds of gist, schedules, etc. and signed. After that, the following were conducted at the Japan side according to the attachment to the agreement: determination of the basic specifications for facilities, basic design, detailed design, manufacture of a part of the equipment, etc. Separate Volume 4 included the results of the inspection of the tank, pump, blower, etc. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the contract project 'The model project for facilities for effective utilization of industrial waste at the industrial complex in Thailand.' Separate Volume 5 - FY 1999 project; 1999 nendo seika hokokusho. Tai ni okeru kogyo danchi sangyo haikibutsu yuko riyo setsubi moderu jigyo - 5

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of reducing the consumption of fossil fuel by recycling industrial waste for effective use as petroleum substituting energy in Thailand where the amount of industrial waste is expected to increase, a model project on facilities for effective use of industrial waste at the industrial complex was carried out, and the FY 1999 results were reported. Concretely, the industrial waste generated from each plant at the industrial complex owned by IEAT is to be incinerated in fluidized bed incinerator, and the process steam is to be generated by recovering waste heat by waste heat recovery boiler and to be supplied to plants within the complex. In this fiscal year, the first year of the project, the attachment to the agreement was prepared in terms of the allotment of the project work between Japan and Thailand, various kinds of gist, schedules, etc. and signed. After that, the following were conducted at the Japan side according to the attachment to the agreement: determination of the basic specifications for facilities, basic design, detailed design, manufacture of a part of the equipment, etc. Separate Volume 5 included the drawing of the basic design, drawing of building/design, drawing of manufacturing equipment, etc. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the contract project 'The model project for facilities for effective utilization of industrial waste at the industrial complex in Thailand.' Separate Volume 6 - FY 1999 project; 1999 nendo seika hokokusho. Tai ni okeru kogyo danchi sangyo haikibutsu yuko riyo setsubi moderu jigyo - 6

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of reducing the consumption of fossil fuel by recycling industrial waste for effective use as petroleum substituting energy in Thailand where the amount of industrial waste is expected to increase, a model project on facilities for effective use of industrial waste at the industrial complex was carried out, and the FY 1999 results were reported. Concretely, the industrial waste generated from each plant at the industrial complex owned by IEAT is to be incinerated in fluidized bed incinerator, and the process steam is to be generated by recovering waste heat by waste heat recovery boiler and to be supplied to plants within the complex. In this fiscal year, the first year of the project, the attachment to the agreement was prepared in terms of the allotment of the project work between Japan and Thailand, various kinds of gist, schedules, etc. and signed. After that, the following were conducted at the Japan side according to the attachment to the agreement: determination of the basic specifications for facilities, basic design, detailed design, manufacture of a part of the equipment, etc. Separate Volume 6 included drawings of assembling of the equipment such as crane, crusher and valve. (NEDO)

Environment-friendly type energy and coordinated community development project. Feasibility study for industrialization of high efficiency waste-fired power generation system using CSD and other wastes; Kankyo chowagata energy community keisei sokushin. Kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden (CSD nado haikibutsu riyo) jigyoka FS chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

This report presents the feasibility of enterprise on power generation by thermal recycle and selling power together with volume reduction, de-harming (de-toxification) and stabilization of the shredder dust. Contents of the study include the investigation of generation amount of car shredder dust (CSD) and its properties, trial design of high efficiency power generation facilities, selection of boiler tube materials, incineration test with a melting kiln test plant, disposal and effective use of melted slag and fly ash, and environmental impact assessment. The capacity of waste disposal in the trial design contains 1,140 ton/day of shredder dust, 60 ton/day of waste plastics, sludge and waste paper, and 130 ton/day of waste oil. Melting kiln with secondary combustion chamber was adopted as the incineration type. The high temperature and high pressure waste heat boiler with an extraction condensing turbine was adopted as the waste heat recovery and power generation type. Stable combustion was confirmed from the results using a test plant. According to the consideration of cost and unit cost results for wholesale power supply, if it is postulated that income for waste disposal is 12,000 yen/ton, power generation costs in excess power selling and wholesales are 6.4 yen/kWh and 9.1 yen/kWh, respectively. 67 figs., 48 tabs.

1998 research cooperation project. Research cooperation on environment-compatible type water resource effective-utilization system; 1998 nendo kankyo taiogata mizushigen yuko riyo system ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For the purpose of securing water stably and preventing water pollution in the Philippines, R and D were carried out on a wastewater treatment and water reclamation and reuse system which is easy to operate and maintain and low in cost through the research cooperation between the Philippine Industrial Technology Development Institute and Japan. According to the survey result of statistical data concerning water pollution load structure by industrial wastewater classified by the industry in the Philippines, enumerated are the food manufacturing industry, paper pulp manufacturing industry, and the textile dyeing industry as those greatly affecting water pollution in BOD exhaust and wastewater, etc. Consequently, with Ram Food Product Co. of vegetable processing and Solid Mill Co., of textile dyeing as plants to be studied, a wastewater treatment test was performed in a laboratory scale. From the result of the test, the pilot plant was basically designed to have 'anaerobic + aerobic treatment + tertiary treatment' for the treatment process, with an one-tank type UASB method used as the anaerobic treatment, with a sand filtration + activated charcoal treatment as the tertiary treatment, and with the cost effectiveness for water reuse set to be examined. (NEDO)

Research report. Environmentally friendly energy community research business for Fujieda district (Refuse energy utilization); Fujieda chiku kankyo chowagata energy community chosa jigyo (haikibutsu energy riyo shisetsu) chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

An environmentally friendly refuse energy utilizing business, for which RDF (refuse derived fuel) produced out of wastes discharged by industries belonging to a Fujieda city environmental protection council will provide the heat source, is proposed by the said council. The proposal is subjected to a study, a basic plan is drafted, and a decision is made on its profitability. In the study, surveys are conducted on the actualities of wastes and of demand for heat, and specifications are worked out relating to transportation and storage of RDF, production of steam by an RDF-fired boiler, routing of pipes for transmitting the steam to the industries in the district, facility costs, operating costs, etc. It is found that the amount of RDF produced out of the wastes discharged by the council member industries is so small that it can meet the demand of only one industry and that, even if more wastes are collected from a wider area, the increased amount will but meet the demand of two industries and a hot water pool. It is found that the system will be economically feasible, however, if the shortage of RDF-generated energy is covered by an oil-fired boiler and thereby impartiality is established in steam distribution and steam production unit price is reduced. In view of the intensification of control over dioxin, etc., the business will be gaining profit in 2002 and after. (NEDO)

Report for fiscal 1998. Joint research of environment-friendly system for effectively utilizing water resources; 1998 nendo hokokusho. Kankyo taiogata mizushigen yuko riyo system ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The research is conducted in cooperation with Industrial Technology Development Institute of the Philippines, and aims to solve water related problems such as unstable water supply and water quality pollution though developing a waste water treatment and recycling system which is easy to operate and maintain, low in cost, and usable in the Philippines. Fiscal 1998 is the second year of the project. Statistics are studied about the load that each industrial branch imposes on water for its pollution, and it is found that food manufacturers, paper pulp mills, and fiber dyeing plants are heavily responsible for water pollution. A method consisting of single-tower UASB anaerobic treatment and activated sludge treatment is applied as a water treatment process to Ram Food Products Corporation, and its optimization is studied. A removal rate 60% is achieved after a 12-hour treatment period at a COD (chemical oxygen demand) rate of 8g/liter/day. A method consisting of coagulating sedimentation and activated sludge treatment is applied to the waste water from a Solid Mill Corporation dyeing plant, when it is found that the water after ultimate treatment is almost colorless and that COD is 76mg/liter and BOD (biological oxygen demand) 13mg/liter, and these suggest that the waste water is recyclable. Since it is low in COD removing rate, the application of anaerobic treatment to high-concentration water after washing is not appropriate. (NEDO)

Improvement of effective utilization technology of wood-based resources and development of their new application fields. Mokushitsukei shigen no yuko riyo gijutsu no kojo to shin prime yoto kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kamiya, F.; Haishi, T.; Sueyoshi, S.; Sotozaki, M.; Kato, A.; Hayashi, Y.; Ito, Y.; Hirabayashi, Y.; Togawa, E.; Obino, T. (Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Ibaraki (Japan))

1991-09-01

On advanced work and use techniques for wood, the aseismic property of plywood-nailed bearing walls was analyzed by seismic response experiments on an excitor resulting in the sufficient aseismic property beyond usual design specification, and the load deformation model was proposed based on experimental results. The evaluation method of heat insulation for wood houses was also developed, and the simple estimation method of room temperature change and the index for evaluating heat insulation for every structure were proposed. On advanced modification and use techniques for constituents of wooden resources, the chemical structure of saponin in woods was studied together with the relation between the chemical structure and biological activity of unknown saponins synthesized from triterpene. The pervaporation property of organic composite films composed of chitinous substances and cellulose derivatives from natural polymers was also studied to develop pervaporation films effective in separating water from ethyl alcohol. 11 figs., 3 tabs.

Research cooperation project for fiscal 1999. Research cooperation on environment-compatible type water resource effective utilization system; 1999 nendo kankyo taiogata mizushigen yuko riyo system ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Efforts are made under this project to develop a wastewater treatment/regeneration system, easy to operate and maintain and low in cost, jointly with a Philippine research institute. Technologies are transferred to this institute concerning research and development, system designing, operation, maintenance, and management. The goal is to disseminate such technologies in the Philippines. As for fiscal 1999 endeavors, emphases are placed on the items described below. The Container Corporation which regenerates waste paper and the RAM Food Corporation which manufactures canned foods and pickles are selected as the sites for pilot plant research. Wastewater discharged by the two corporations is subjected to laboratory-scale wastewater treatment (combination of aerobic/anaerobic treatment and activated carbon adsorption), by which a pilot plant wastewater treatment process is determined and designing conditions are defined. As for activated carbon for advanced wastewater treatment, a fine grain sample, which is the lowest in price among activated coconut shell charcoals produced in the Philippines, is acquired, and tested for performance. A wastewater treatment pilot plant is complete at the Container Corporation, and has started operation. (NEDO)

Study on electrical monitoring of fill-up improvement. Utilization of resistivity data for soil compaction management; Hiteiko mitsudo kanri ni kansuru kisoteki kenkyu. Moritsuchi seko kanri eno hiteiko yuko riyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ueno, N; Hiramatsu, W [Dai Nippon Construction, Gifu (Japan); Sugano, T [Kyoto University, Kyoto (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1996-10-01

At present, measurement of wet density and water content by radio isotope (RI method) is used for filling management. It is supposed for filling in road construction that putting-out thickness of banking material reaches nearly 1m in the future rapid construction, however, use of RI method is difficult because of inserting and installing of a radiation source rod, large measuring apparatus, and the legal regulation on radioactivity intensity. Application of resistivity measurement was thus considered. Since resistivity has the same parameter as compaction curve, and monotonously decreases with an increase in water content by volume, it is applicable as construction management index. The management reference of resistivity (Rm) is set by plotting of a compaction curve and corresponding resistivity curve, determination of the reference resistivity (Ro) corresponding to a maximum dry density and optimum water content ratio, and setting of the allowance to Ro according to soil or application. It was clarified that Rm is applicable as set for every filling material. 1 ref., 10 figs., 2 tabs.

Chevron Texaco wants Kazakh oil to flow through Slovakia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Janoska, J.

2004-01-01

Chevron Texaco is offering Slovakia an option for the diversification of its oil stocks. It plans to use the Druzba pipeline to transport about 3 million tons of Kazakhstan oil. Most of it should be delivered to the refinery in Czech Kralupy. Pipeline administrator, the company Transpetrol, rejects the proposal and argues that adjusting the pipeline designed for heavy Russian oil to allow the transmission of light oil would cost over SKK 2 billion (Eur 50.04 million). Transpetrol is managed by Russian concern Yukos. Russian oil companies view Caspian oil as competition and the reaction of Transpetrol only follows in line with this attitude. It may sound paradoxical, but letting Caspian oil flow through the Transpetrol pipelines would help Russian concerns expand to Western European markets. The refinery in Kralupy is connected to the IKL pipeline, which connects the Czech Republic to the German network close to the German refinery in Ingolstadt. The one-way pipeline that the Czech used to decrease their dependency on Russian oil and the Druzba pipeline in the nineties would remain unused and discussions about an investment in a change of flow direction to allow the transport of oil to Germany would take on an entirely new dimension. The interest of Chevron may therefore indicate major changes in the European oil distribution network. If the flow direction of the IKL pipeline were to change, it would not only be possible to transport Caspian oil, but also Russian oil. What's more, both US and Western European companies have their sights set on Czech and German refineries that get their oil form the Caspian region and they are also interested in capital entry to Russian oil concerns. This scenario is likely to come true in the case of Yukos

Research cooperation report for fiscal 1997 on the environment-friendly system for effectively utilizing water resources; 1997 nendo kankyo taiogata mizushigen yuko riyo system ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku itaku gyomu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This effort exerted in cooperation with the Philippines aims to solve problems related to water resources such as stable supply and pollution of water through developing a waste water treatment/water reuse system which is easy to operate and maintain, and low in price. The ultimate goal includes (1) the construction of a waste water treatment/water reuse system comprising an anaerobic reaction tank and activated charcoal absorption tower, easy to operate and maintain, and low in price, (2) the employment of goods procurable in the Philippines, the goods including carriers for use in the anaerobic reaction tank, microbes for use in both aerobic and anaerobic reaction tanks, and activated charcoal for use in waste water reutilization, and (3) the establishment of optimum operating conditions for the waste water treatment/water reuse system by use of a pilot plant and the transfer of operating and managing techniques to the Filipino counterpart. In this fiscal year, investigations are conducted to disclose the actualities of waste water treatment and water consumption by primary industries in the vicinity of Laguna de Bay, and the waste water to be the object of study and the place of pilot plant installation have been selected. Also conducted are investigations into the carrier, microbe, activated charcoal, etc., for use in the anaerobic reaction tank. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the R and D of the global environmental industry technology. R and D of the CO2 fixation/effective use technology using bacteria/algae; 1999 nendo saikin sorui nado riyo nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of developing the technology to fix CO2 and recycle it as resource in higher efficiency than that in photosynthesis in the nature world, study of bacteria, etc. was made in terms of the search, breeding, and artificial realization of the growth environment, etc. The FY 1999 results were summed up. As to high efficiency photosynthetic bacteria/microalgae, conditions for sampling/breeding/optimum culture of bacteria were established and made database. From conditions for the optimum CO2 fixation by photosynthetic bacteria, oxygen injury prevention culture method, continuous culture experiment, etc., it was found out that the carbyne cycle was a main route of the carbon fixation also in photosynthetic bacteria. As to the cell fusion, established were the technology of electric fusion of interspecific fusion strains and the technology of evaluation of growth characteristics. Also studied was a method to transfect genes into Chlorella sp. which fixes CO2. Concerning the light collecting reactor of 200L scale, a high concentration culture experiment was carried out using Chlorella sp. UK001 as the strain tested, and the engineering data on the behavior in culture tank, multiplication speed, etc. were collected. (NEDO)

Mixture of industrial waste oxidized titanium and reduced slag from electric furnace used as hydraulic material. Denkiro kangen slug to sanka titan kogyo haikibutsu no kongobutsu no suinan zairyo to shiteno riyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Honda, A [Osaka City University, Osaka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering; Kuwayama, T [Daido Institute of Technology, Nagoya (Japan); Yamada, M; Ikezaki, H [Osaka City University, Osaka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1990-10-29

Slag released from an electric furnace consists mainly of waste steel. There are two types of slag, namely, oxidized slag and reduced slag. Reduced slag, which is generally in the form of powder, is difficult to recycle as compared with oxidized slag. However, with a hydraulicity, some reduced slag is expected to be useful as hydraulic material. Test results obtained here show that the hydraulic properties of reduced slag powder can be improved by mixing it with gypsum and that the resultant mixture can serve to improve the prooperties of soft clay. Another study is made to determine the potential, as hydraulic material, of mixtures of reduced slag powder and waste gypsum material with a high gypsum content released from an oxidized titanium production process. The hydraulicity is found to develop as a result of the formation of a hydrate of calcium aluminate which is contained in the slag. Addition of water to the hydrate and gypsum cause the formation of ettringite, leading to an increased uniaxial compressive strength. These findings indicate that the above-mentioned mixture can be useful to improve the hydraulic properties of coal ash to be disposed of at landfill sites. 5 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab.

Report of a project for the technical development of the environmental preservation and resource effective utilization system in fiscal 1995; 1995 nendo kankyo hozen shigen yuko riyo system gijutsu kaihatsu jigyo hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

The paper outlined the present situation of industrial waste all over Japan and the present situation of industrial waste of large urban areas where it is most difficult to secure places for the final disposal, and conducted an analysis on the present and future amount of final disposal waste. According to the literature from the Ministry of Health and Welfare, `research report on the discharge/treatment situation of the industrial waste` and `research results of administrative organizations for industrial waste,` the situation of final disposal from the past to the present was outlined and analyzed to study the future trend. Out of the administrative divisions of Japan, four divisions, which are all typically called large urban areas, were selected, and the situation of industrial waste in large urban areas was outlined and analyzed according to the questionnaire survey and the literature on industrial waste obtained from each administrative division. The survey by the Ministry of Health and Welfare indicated that the volume of the industrial waste discharged from the whole country amounted to approximately 400 million tons in fiscal 1992. However, helped by the improving recycling of waste construction materials, the amount of final disposal around 2000 is presumed to be less by 20% or so than that in 1992. 58 refs., 5 tabs.

FY 1999 report on the results of the model project for facilities for effective utilization of paper-manufacturing sludge, etc.; 1999 nendo seika hokoku. Seishi surajji tou yuko riyo setubi moderu jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of contributing to the reduction in the energy consumption in the paper/pulp industry which is an industry of much energy consumption in Indonesia and to the stable energy supply in Japan, a model project for facilities for effective utilization of paper sludge, etc. was carried out, and the FY 1999 results were reported. Concretely, the paper sludge and solid waste discharged from the paper-manufacturing process are to be incinerated in self-combustion in fluidized bed incinerator. Further, the remaining heat is to be recovered as steam from the combustion exhaust gas for the effective utilization within plant. This verifies the reduction in energy consumption and reduction in emission of greenhouse effect gas. Activities for spread of the said facilities are to be made in Indonesia. The site for this project is FSW located in Bekasi, West Jawa. This is a private paper company which manufactures cardboard use paper of 0.5 million t/y using used paper as raw material. In this fiscal year, instructors were sent to FSW for installation/construction work according to the basic agreement and the attachment to the agreement. (NEDO)

FY 1999 R and D project on the global environmental industry technology. Report on the results of the R and D on the catalytic hydrogenation use CO2 fixation/effective utilization technology; 1999 nendo sesshoku suisoka hanno riyo nisanka tanso seika hokokusho. Koteika yuko riyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of reducing CO2 emitting together with the consumption of fossil fuels, study was conducted on the use of CO2 by converting it to chemical substances such as methanol, etc., and the FY 1999 results were outlined. In the development of the CO2 separation membrane technology, data were obtained on effects of scaling-up by module with a membrane area of 4.9m{sup 2} and on design conditions. Further, in the experiment using mock exhaust gas, it was confirmed that the performance had been kept up for 3,000 hours or more. In the development of catalytic hydrogenation technology, the basic data for enlargement were accumulated. Moreover, the activity stabilized about 18,000 hours was confirmed, and the catalytic life was estimated at more than 3 years. In the development of large quantity hydrogen production/supply technology, assembly/operation of 7,500cm{sup 2} x 6 electrolytic cells were conducted, and it was confirmed that the hydrogen production capacity per cell was 3Nm{sup 3}/h. The final target for enlargement was achieved. In the study of the total system, the conceptual design was made for 'high concentration CO2 containing natural gas use CO2 recovery utilization system,' and 'biomass resource use methanol synthesis system.' (NEDO)

FY 1999 R and D project on the global environmental industry technology. Report on the results of the R and D on the catalytic hydrogenation use CO2 fixation/effective utilization technology; 1999 nendo sesshoku suisoka hanno riyo nisanka tanso seika hokokusho. Koteika yuko riyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of reducing CO2 emitting together with the consumption of fossil fuels, study was conducted on the use of CO2 by converting it to chemical substances such as methanol, etc., and the FY 1999 results were outlined. In the development of the CO2 separation membrane technology, data were obtained on effects of scaling-up by module with a membrane area of 4.9m{sup 2} and on design conditions. Further, in the experiment using mock exhaust gas, it was confirmed that the performance had been kept up for 3,000 hours or more. In the development of catalytic hydrogenation technology, the basic data for enlargement were accumulated. Moreover, the activity stabilized about 18,000 hours was confirmed, and the catalytic life was estimated at more than 3 years. In the development of large quantity hydrogen production/supply technology, assembly/operation of 7,500cm{sup 2} x 6 electrolytic cells were conducted, and it was confirmed that the hydrogen production capacity per cell was 3Nm{sup 3}/h. The final target for enlargement was achieved. In the study of the total system, the conceptual design was made for 'high concentration CO2 containing natural gas use CO2 recovery utilization system,' and 'biomass resource use methanol synthesis system.' (NEDO)

FY 2000 project on the research cooperation for the environmental response type water resource effective utilization system; 2000 nendo kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo. Kankyo taiogata mizu shigen yuko riyo system ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of prevention of water pollution, stable water supply in the Philippines, etc., developmental study was made of a waste water treatment/water recycling system, and the FY 2000 results were summed up. In the operational study of Pilot Plant 1, for the waste water in the papermaking process of used paper recycling plant, development was studied of a waste water treatment/water recycling system. There occurred problems on minuteness, outflow, etc. of anaerobic granules, but those were caused by malfunction of SS removal equipment at plant side. The problems were solved by increasing flocculation/precipitation facilities. As to Pilot Plant 2 of which the R and D are planned to be started in April 2001, the food processing plant was surveyed for study, and SYSCORE was selected. Relating to the waste water treatment test of Pilot Plant 2, researchers of the Industrial Technology Development Institute (ITDI) of the Philippines conducted it under the guidance of the experimental data analysis. Besides, the paper carried out the training for technology spread/acceptance, technology spread seminar, support study in Japan, etc. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 basic study for promotion of joint implementation. Effective utilization of associated gas at Kokdumalak Field of the Republic of Uzbekistan; 1999 nendo Uzbekistan koku Kokdumalak zuihan gas yuko riyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

A feasibility study is conducted for an Uzbekistani plan for effectively utilizing associated gas at its Kokdumalak Gas Field. The effort will lead to a clean development mechanism in the future. The associated gas and off-gas now being totally burnt in a flare stack will serve as raw materials for the recovery of LPG (liquid petroleum gas), NGL (natural gas liquid), etc. The amount of total investment is US$82,003,000, with US$69,739,000 borrowed and US$12,264,000 self-financed. Thanks to the products to be recovered, there will be an energy substitution rate of 168,418 tons per year in terms of oil. There will be a huge reduction of greenhouse gas emissions of 4.52-million tons per year in terms of CO2, tantamount to the discharge of a 1000MW-class power plant. Although the project will be low in profitability, with the FIRR (financial internal rate of return) on investment before tax being as low as 10.56%, yet it is desired that, in view of the expected reduction in greenhouse gas, effective utilization of associated gas, and in view of its impact on the future development of the Republic of Uzbekistan and its society, the project will be implemented as soon as possible. It is expected that the country will enjoy various tax revenues to be created, foreign exchange by importing LPG, and earnings through emission right trading involving greenhouse gas. (NEDO)

Research and development of technologies for CO{sub 2} fixation and effective utilization thereof, etc., in fiscal 1998. Report on research and development of technologies for the effective use of CO{sub 2} by virtue of contact hydrogenation (CO{sub 2} separation and recovery system of the next-generation type); 1998 nendo nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu nado kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Sesshoku suisoka hanno riyo nisanka tanso yuko riyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo (jisedaigata shoene CO{sub 2} bunri kaishu system ni kansuru chosa kenkyu hokokusho)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Researches were conducted for the goal of proposing a totally new process enhanced in efficiency and energy saving, and capable of CO2 separation. In fiscal 1997, hydrocarbon materials were reformed by oxygen separated within a system allowing fuel cells to generate power efficiently, when all the emitted CO2 was separated and recovered within the system. Furthermore, cold heat was utilized for the acquisition of liquefied CO2 gas products. A part of oxygen separated at the fuel cell cathode was recycled into the combustion section external to the tubular reaction reformer, and CO2 was separated by mere cooling from the combustion products for the simultaneous production of by-products such as high-purity nitrogen gas and liquefied CO2 for a great improvement in economy. In fiscal 1998, the system was improved. Proposed then was a new system in which an oxygen partial oxidation type reformer assumed the nuclear role, separating all the oxygen at the cathode, reusing part thereof for oxygen enrichment, and feeding the rest thereof into the reformer. The design realized the recycling of the whole of the products of the two cell electrodes into the reformer for the maximum reuse of the products of the hydrogen/oxygen separation function. (NEDO)

Waste management in the world; Sekai no haikibutsu shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tanaka, M. [The Institute of Public Health, Tokyo (Japan)

1998-05-15

This paper describes waste management in the world. Richer countries produce more wastes with their contents diversified. Poorer countries produce less wastes, which will not present problems in terms of quantity and quality if individuals will dispose of them properly. Household and kitchen refuses in developing countries are organic in nature, and contain more water. Refuse collectors using such animals as donkeys and horses are still seen. Cases of performing intermediate treatment such as incineration are few, and land reclamation is the main treatment. Neither soil covering nor mud water prevention measures are taken. Smoke stays in air throughout year due to open dumping and open burning, and foul water seeps out. Scavengers (people who collects valuables from dumps) exist, who recover such resources as metals and plastics to make their living. Some of the countries make kitchen refuses into compost. In industrialized countries, ratio of containers and wrappings is high in refuses, which are collected by mechanical recovery vehicles, and carried to incineration facilities and reclamation areas. Securing reclamation areas is difficult. Resource recovery is in a trend of mechanization. Pollution preventive measures are also taken at high levels by means of waste processing. 2 refs., 2 figs., 2 tabs.

Development of hydroponic system using agricultural waste. 2. Utilization of ozone for sterilization of nutrient solution; Suiko saibai ni okeru haikibutsu riyo gijutsu no kaihatsu. 2. Ozone ni yoru baiyoeki sakkin ni kansuru kento

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Terazoe, H; Yoshihara, T; Nakaya, K [Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo (Japan)

1995-08-01

Discussions were given on a sterilizing effect of ozone on Fusarium bacteria in hydroponic culture, and its effect on components in the culture solution. In an experiment, dry air with O3 concentration of 3.5 ppm was sent into aqueous solution inoculated with Fusarium bacteria at a flow rate of 5 liters per minute. The Fusarium bacteria was sterilized nearly completely in about five minutes. No change was observed in pH, EC and dissolved oxygen concentration of the O3-treated culture solution. However, iron and manganese among the soluble components have been oxidized by O3 and precipitated, hence these components must be added after the O3 treatment. In spinach culture performed on a culture medium inoculated with Fusarium bacteria, ozone water containing dissolved O3 at 0.8 ppm was flown into a urethane foam medium and vegetable roots. This treatment has resulted in reduction of the number of strains occurred with a wilt symptom below that in the section flown with distilled water. The spinach has grown normally without showing an effect of the ozone water. 15 refs., 10 figs., 3 tabs.

Technological development report for fiscal 1993 on the woodwaste thermolysis/gasification technology and generated gas utilization technology; 1993 nendo mokushitsukei haikibutsu no netsubunkai gas ka gijutsu to seisei gas no riyo gijutsu kaihatsu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

The project is a joint effort of Japan and the Philippines to develop a thermolysis/gasification system, in which woodwaste now remaining unexploited in the Philippines is subjected to thermolysis/gasification and the resulting gas is used in a gas engine for the generation of electric power, in a 5-year period beginning in fiscal 1990. In this fiscal year, element technology verification tests are conducted, components of a demonstration plant are manufactured, and procurement is made as required, which completes all the tasks allotted to this fiscal year. All the constituents of the said demonstration plant fabricated or procured since fiscal 1991 are packed up and forwarded to Industrial Technology Development Institute (ITDI) of the Philippines, and engineering guidance is extended and test operations are carried out at the site of plant installation. In line with the said endeavors, on-site investigations are performed and researches are conducted together with ITDI scientists concerning the construction work and element technology confirmation. On the other hand, the Philippine side performs the second phase of civil engineering and construction carried over from the first phase. The demonstration plant is completed, adjustment and test operations are carried out, which means that the project is in progress as initially scheduled. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 technical survey report. Model project implementation feasibility study in China on effective utilization of cement waste heat; 1999 nendo Chugoku ni okeru cement hainetsu yuko riyo model jigyo jisshi kanosei chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Although China ranks first in the world in the manufacture of cement, yet the energy consumption rate is high and there remains room for improvement. Effective utilization of energy at cement making plants will not only profit the industry but also contribute to the stabilization of energy supply for China. The model project on power generation using cement waste heat implemented at Ningguo Cement Plant was concluded successfully. For the purpose of enabling China to domestically manufacture the equipment, the installation of such equipment at Zhujiang Cement Plant and Liuzhou Cement Plant in Guangxi Zhuangzu Zizhiqu was assumed, and their locations and plant operating conditions were studied. In addition, surveys were conducted of manufacturers of important components of the power generation equipment such as boilers, steam turbines, generators, and breaker boards. Two manufacturers were visited for each of the components, and they were checked for records of manufacturing similar equipment, quality assurance and process management capabilities, and for ability to satisfy required specifications. Among the visited manufacturers were Nanjing Turbine and Electric Machinery Co., Jinan Power Equipment Factory, and Hangzhou Boiler Works. Based on the results of the surveys, it was concluded that the model project may be implemented. (NEDO)

Industrial technology research and development project for global environment in fiscal 1998. Report on achievements in research and development of technologies for fixation and effective utilization of carbon dioxide by utilizing bacteria and algae; 1998 nendo saikin sorui nado riyo nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Microorganisms are cultivated industrially in a great quantity to fix CO2 at efficiency higher than that of photosynthesis in natural world to develop technologies to re-utilize them as resources. This paper describes achievements in fiscal 1998. Existing strain samples of photosynthesized bacteria and micro-algae were screened to continue discussions on optimal culture conditions, and evaluation on properties. Genes that provide Chlorella with antibiotic resistance were introduced to have performed evaluation on function manifestation, and acquired enzymatic genes of unsaturated {omega} 3. Using green algae as the object, reduction in the processing time has resulted in acquiring a large number of fused cell colonies. Discussions were given on conditions to breed photosynthesized bacteria and fix CO2. Structural analyses were performed on CA protein as an enzyme related to take CO2 into living organisms, and on genes. Developments were carried out on a photosynthesizing bio-reactor and useful substance producing technologies on a continual basis. A 200-liter scale light collection type bio-reactor improved the fixing capacity by 30% in Chlorellas by changing the culture medium. The direct light receiving panel type bio-reactor can utilize even scattered light, with its fixing capacity per installation area exceeding the target. Fundamental data were acquired with Chlorellas on utilizing feeds, fertilizers and building materials. (NEDO)

Mazeikiu refinery to stay in Yukos' control / Steven Paulikas

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Paulikas, Steven

2004-01-01

Vene peaprokuratuur andis välja rahvusvahelise vahistamisorderi Mazheikiu Nafta juhatuse esimehe ja Jukose aktsionäri Mihhail Brudno suhtes. Leedu valitsus kaalub võimalikke samme, sealhulgas Mazheikiu Nafta aktsiate tagasiostmist

Report on survey of international cooperation possibility on chemical CO2 fixation and utilization technology in FY 1997; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (kagakuteki CO2 koteika yuko riyo gijutsu ni kakawaru kokusai kyoryoku kanosei chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This survey focused on the end of the more promising companion and promoting the international cooperation on chemical CO2 fixation and utilization technology. As a result, the way of the carrying-forward of the international cooperation with more than one companion could be arranged beforehand. It led to getting an arrangement about a secrecy agreement respectively with Lurgi company and ABB company in Europe, and to providing a catalyst sample developed by RITE to implement an examination by the other party and to show related technical information. In addition, it concluded a cooperation agreement about a total system of the chemical CO2 fixation and utilization technology and methanol synthesis with ZSW. In Australia, negotiation about international cooperation with CSIRO which is a federal research organization and CRC (Cooperative Research Centre) for renewable energy has been started. The ideal circumstances are being ready for the chemical CO2 fixation project for which the international cooperation with the country where the natural energy is rich like Australia is essential when coming to practical use. To do alternating current with further high density in the following year it is desired to build a concrete study cooperation system. 1 fig., 4 tabs.

Systematic arrangement of global environment measure technology. 3. Current status of methane generation and its effective utilization; Chikyu kankyo taisaku gijutsu no taikeiteki seiri. 2. Methane no hassei jokyo to sono yuko riyo no genjo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The status of the methane generation due to landfill with waste has been analyzed to investigate the actual circumstances of effective utilization of methane in the world and its possibility. The artificial generation of methane is 375 Tg per year among the total methane generation in the world, 535 Tg per year. The methane generation from the landfill with waste is 40 Tg per year, which becomes a rather large contribution. The methane generation from the landfill with waste in Japan is estimated to be from 130 to 520 Gg per year, which is a rather low value as a share in the world. This is caused by the sub-aerobic property of landfill in Japan, and the methane generation can be suppressed. Accordingly, there are no systems using recovered methane as energy source in Japan. In the USA, profitability of energy recovery can be established in 600 to 700 landfills among about 6,000 landfills. The methane recovery is practically conducted at more than 120 landfills. The recovered methane is used as a power generation fuel. 45 refs., 43 figs., 27 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 survey report on the project on energy conservation by effectively using building energy in Indonesia; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (Indonesia ni okeru biru energy yuko riyo ni yoru sho energy ka project chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

As an energy conservation method for a model building, the following eight methods were selected and trially calculated of the effects. 1) adoption of high efficient illumination apparatus, 2) introduction of an illuminance control system, 3) cooling water secondary pump with invertor, 4) ventilation control for parking lots, 5) heightening of the established temperature, 6) improvement of the 24-hour run chiller, 7) elevator with invertor, and 8) introduction of the photovoltaic power generation. As a result, it was found out that energy was totally reduced by about 3,837.4 MWh/yr or 25.6%. If viewed from the amount of reduction in greenhouse gas, the amount of CO2 emitted from office buildings, approximately 0.22 million t-C/yr, decreases to approximately 0.16 million t-C/yr. Further, approximately 0.93 million t-C/yr, the amount of CO2 emitted from commercial use facilities such as office buildings, department stores and hotels is reduced to about 0.69 million t-C/yr, thanks to the effect of the project on energy saving buildings, which made a CO2 reduction by approximately 0.24 million t-C/yr possible. Validity of the project on energy conservation in Indonesia was confirmed. 2 refs., 55 figs., 38 tabs.

FY 1999 report on the model project on the effective utilization of waste-base biomass fuels. Basic survey for the feasibility; 1999 nendo haikibutsukei biomass nenryo yuko riyo model jigyo jisshi kanosei kiso chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Survey on the waste biomass was conducted for Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Laos, Nepal, Butan, Myanmar and Cambodia to study feasibility of the project for the concrete utilization of biomass resources. In Thailand, it is expected to construct large-scale model plants for biomass resources such as rice hulls, bagasse, wood waste and oil palm. In Malaysia, expected are the cogeneration at 5MW class palm oil plant, large-scale power plant using wood waste, plant using the biomass from waste palm oil, etc. In Indonesia, there is a great potentiality, but it is necessary to handle it carefully in consideration of the unstable situation of the society. In Vietnam, the detailed survey of feasibility is needed on the project for efficiency heightening at state-run plants, the assumed national plants (recommended by the government), etc. In Laos, small-scale power generation using the forestry waste such as sawdust is expected. (NEDO)

Vilnius court approves extradition of Yukos-related banker / Milda Seputyte

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Seputyte, Milda

2005-01-01

Vilniuse ringkonnakohus otsutas Venemaale välja anda Igor Babenko, kes oli Jukose tütarettevõtte Menatep St. Peterburg Bank'i juht. Venemaa süüdistab Babenkot panga juhtimise ajal 333 miljoni rubla omastamises. Babenko arvates on Leedu võimud temast huvitatud seotuse tõttu Jukosega

Study on the best utilization of solar energy. Experimental study of hydrogen generation by water electrolysis using solar battery; Taiyo energy no yuko riyo ni kansuru kenkyu. Taiyo denchi riyosui denki bunkai suiso hassei field test

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kawashima, Y; Murai, K; Nakai, T [Himeji Institute of Technology, Hyogo (Japan)

1997-11-25

Shortcomings of solar energy are that it is subject to weather and is not available in the nighttime. The weak points may be effectively made up for when solar energy collected on a fine day is stored in the form of hydrogen energy for recovery as required. In this report, power generated by solar cells is used for the electrolysis of water for the generation of hydrogen. The amounts of the thus-generated hydrogen and hydrogen energy are determined and, on the basis of the measured amount of insolation, the solar energy availability rate (hydrogen conversion performance) is calculated. The amount of hydrogen generated in fiscal 1996 is also calculated for every month. The hydrogen generation level is quite low in the TiO2 wet type solar cell, approximately 0.2% at most. The current efficiency is fairly high in hydrogen generation using electrolysis, which is approximately 96-97%. The efficiency is higher when several units of electrolyte are connected in series until the solar cell optimum voltage is attained. A linear relationship is found between the daily summation of insolation and the amount of hydrogen generated. 1 ref., 7 figs., 2 tabs.

Report of base consolidation promotion survey of overseas coal import in FY 1993. Feasibility survey of effective utilization of coal ash; 1993 nendo kaigaitan yunyu kiban seibi sokushin chosa. Sekitanbai yuko riyo jigyo no feasibility chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

This report describes the effective utilization of coal ash discharged from general industry (general industry ash) as improving material of construction waste soil and deodorant for poultry industry. Coal ash is characterized by the pozzolan and self-hardening properties which are not shown in soil and sand. Coal ash having a large amount of free CaO in its composition has stronger such properties. Coal ash generated from fluidized bed combustor which is a kind of combustor of coal contains a large amount of free CaO, especially, resulting in the stronger such properties. On the other hand, coal ash has water and oil absorbing property due to its porous structure. To utilize these properties, the improving material of soft construction waste soil and deodorant for poultry industry have been selected. As a result of laboratory and field tests for the former, it was found that sufficient supporting force can be obtained. Since the protection of powder splash is required at the site, a humidification system has been developed, which can protect the splash by the humidification of 5%. The price between 500 and 1,000 yen/ton is suitable for the improving material of construction waste soil. The maximum price of the deodorant for poultry industry is 10 yen/kg. 14 refs., 40 figs., 49 tabs.

FY 1992 report on the development of wood-waste/agri-waste pyrolytic gasification technology and utilization technology of gas product; 1992 nendo mokushitsukei haikibutsu no netsubunkai gas ka gijutsu to seisei gas no riyo gijutsu kaihatsu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1993-03-01

It is urgently necessary for the Philippines, which has no promising energy source to replace imported oil and lacks hard currencies, to reduce dependence on oil. The country, consisting of a number of islands, has faced many difficulties in construction of large-scale power transmission grids covering wide areas, which greatly retard development of local industries and dissemination of electricity. Therefore, great expectations have been placed on the techniques this project plans to develop for utilization of wastes as the energy source. This 5-year project (FY 1990 to 1994) is aimed at joint research and development of (thermal decomposition/gasification and power generation system) for transforming large quantities of wood-wastes/agri-wastes left unutilized into electric power, in which thermal decomposition/gasification of the wastes is combined with gas engine/power generator systems, and thereby to establish the systems suitable for the developing country. The major R and D results obtained in FY 1992 as the third year include on-the-spot surveys, tests for validating elementary techniques, designs and fabrication of part of the demonstration plant, and invitation of Philippine researchers to Japan. (NEDO)

FY 1991 report on the development of wood-waste/agri-waste pyrolytic gasification technology and utilization technology of gas product; 1991 nendo mokushitsukei haikibutsu no netsubunkai gas ka gijutsu to seisei gas no riyo gijutsu kaihatsu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1992-03-01

It is urgently necessary for the Philippines, which has no promising energy source to replace imported oil and lacks hard currencies, to reduce dependence on oil. The country, consisting of a number of islands, has faced many difficulties in construction of large-scale power transmission grids covering wide areas, which greatly retard development of local industries and dissemination of electricity. Therefore, great expectations have been placed on the techniques this project plans to develop for utilization of wastes as the energy source. This 5-year project (FY 1990 to 1994) is aimed at joint research and development of (thermal decomposition/gasification and power generation system) for transforming large quantities of wood-wastes/agri-wastes left unutilized into electric power, in which thermal decomposition/gasification of the wastes is combined with gas engine/power generator systems, and thereby to establish the systems suitable for the developing country. The major R and D results obtained in FY 1991 as the second year include on-the-spot surveys, tests for validating elementary techniques, designs and fabrication of part of the demonstration plant, and invitation of Philippine researchers to Japan. (NEDO)

FY 1994 report on the development of wood-waste/agri-waste pyrolytic gasification technology and utilization technology of gas product; 1994 nendo mokushitsukei haikibutsu no netsubunkai gas ka gijutsu to seisei gas no riyo gijutsu kaihatsu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

This 5-year joint project (FY 1990 to 1994) by Japan and the Philippines is aimed at joint research and development of (thermal decomposition/gasification and power generation system) for transforming large quantities of wood-wastes/agri-wastes left unutilized in the Philippines into electric power, in which thermal decomposition/gasification of the wastes is combined with a gas engine system. The field tests of the demonstration plant successfully produce power of 100 kW by burning only the low-calorie gas with a heating value near critical level for self-sustained combustion, obtained by gasification of sawdust by the fluidized gasifier and refined, attaining the object of the project. It is confirmed that a 200 to 300 kW class commercial plant can be designed and constructed basically by scaling up the 100 kW demonstration plant. The other data obtained by the field tests include those for improved operability and maintainability, gas purification, and reducing sizes of the facilities, including utility facilities. (NEDO)

FY 1990 report on the development of wood-waste/agri-waste pyrolytic gasification technology and utilization technology of gas product; 1990 nendo mokushitsukei haikibutsu no netsubunkai gas ka gijutsu to seisei gas no riyo gijutsu kaihatsu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1991-03-01

It is urgently necessary for the Philippines, which has no promising energy source to replace imported oil and lacks hard currencies, to reduce dependence on oil. The country, consisting of a number of islands, has faced many difficulties in construction of large-scale power transmission grids covering wide areas, which greatly retard development of local industries and dissemination of electricity. Therefore, great expectations have been placed on the techniques this project plans to develop for utilization of wastes as the energy source. This 5-year project (FY 1990 to 1994) is aimed at joint research and development of (thermal decomposition/gasification and power generation system) for transforming large quantities of wood-wastes/agri-wastes left unutilized into electric power, in which thermal decomposition/gasification of the wastes is combined with gas engine/power generator systems, and thereby to establish the systems suitable for the developing country. The major R and D results obtained in FY 1990 as the initial year include negotiations with the Philippines, on-the-spot surveys for the demonstration plant sites and conditions, and conceptual designs of the demonstration plant. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 2000 on investigations and researches on promotion of utilization of waste energies that can deal with environmental load suppression; 2000 nendo kankyo fuka yokusei taio haikibutsu energy riyo sokushin chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

This paper describes the achievements in fiscal 2000 in investigating generation mechanisms and suppression of dioxins from refuse incinerators, and in investigating non-bromine flame retardant materials (having a possibility of generating hazardous material such as bromine-based dioxin during combustion). To produce poly-chlorinated dibenzo-para-dioxins (PCDDs)/PC dibenzo furans (PCDFs) (dioxins, but not containing Co-PCB) in a small fluidized bed combustor for simulated refuse derived fuel (RDF), both of chlorine source and hydrocarbon are required. If the primary combustion furnace temperature is high and the air excess rate is low, the concentration of the dioxins increase. In addition, since oxygen shortage in temporal and spatial locals or excessive concentration zone of unburned hydrocarbons imposes great effect, promotion of turbulence mixing is important. In producing dioxins, vaporization from dust due to interference with the combustion gas, and copper and iron catalysts have great effect, whereas SOx in the combustion gas has suppression effect. Flame retardant materials can provide specific flame retardation effect to particular plastics in a temperature zone slightly lower than the combustion temperature. The paper also describes development of new flame retardant materials. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1998 on development of environmentally friendly high-efficiency energy utilization system. 2. Research of technology of effectively utilizing high-efficiency energy / research of optimum system designing technology; 1998 nendo kankyo chowagata kokoritsu energy riyo system kaihatsu. 2. Kokoritsu energy yuko riyo gijutsu no kenkyu, saiteki system sekkei gijutsu no kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-05-01

This 2nd volume deals with the transportation and storage of energy in the above-named research. In search of technologies for transporting exhausted heat from the industrial area to the urban section for consumers to utilize the heat for driving their air-conditioners and hot water supply systems, the decomposition and composition reactions of methanol are utilized for a long-range transportation system. The subjects taken up in this connection include the research and development of a methanol energy system, non-equilibrium high-efficiency methanol decomposition technology, multifunctional catalysts, and highly active/selective catalysts capable of promoting reversible endoergic/exoergic reactions. Research and development is also conducted of a high-efficiency heat pump technology using hydrogen-absorbing alloys, and such a pump will realize an air-conditioning system not dependent on chlorofluorocarbon. In the research and development of a long-range heat transportation system using hydrogen-absorbing alloys, a study is made of technologies of heat/hydrogen recovery, transportation, and utilization. (NEDO)

Development for environmentally friendly and highly efficient energy utilization system in fiscal 1998. Pt. 3. Research on highly efficient and effective energy utilization technology (Research on design technology for optimal system); 1998 nendo kankyo chowagata kokoritsu energy riyo system kaihatsu. 3. Kokoritsu energy yuko riyo gijutsu no kenkyu (saiteki system sekkei gijutsu no kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-05-01

This paper summarizes achievements during fiscal 1998 on researching part of the energy transportation and storage technologies, energy supply and utilization technologies, environmental load reducing technologies, and optimal system design in the 'research on highly efficient and effective energy utilization technology'. With regard to energy transportation and storage technologies, researches and developments were performed on a vacuum adiabatic transportation piping system, surfactants used for high-density heat transportation and high-density latent heat transportation technologies. In the field of energy supply and utilization technologies, researches and developments were carried out on a heat supply system using high-performance heat pumps capable of using multiple kinds of fuels, and a compression and absorption type hybrid heat utilization system. For the environmental load reducing technologies, research and development were performed on a power saving heat pump system utilizing natural coolant. In researching the optimal system design technologies, overall adjustment was made on the element technologies, whereas technological discussions and site surveys were executed by the committees at the same time. The latest achievements accomplished to date was published in a book. (NEDO)

Development for environmentally friendly and highly efficient energy utilization system in fiscal 1998. Pt. 1. Research on highly efficient and effective energy utilization technology (Research on design technology for optimal system); 1998 nendo kankyo chowagata kokoritsu energy riyo system kaihatsu. 1. Kokoritsu energy yuko riyo gijutsu no kenkyu (saiteki system sekkei gijutsu no kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-05-01

This paper summarizes achievements of the researches during fiscal 1998 on researching a highly efficient and effective energy utilization technology. With regard to technologies to recover and convert unutilized energies, a process simulator was developed, basic internal structure was discussed by experiments and simulation, and substance migrating and heat exchanging characteristics were identified by using partial testing devices. These researches and developments were performed for the waste heat reforming and recovering systems used in chemical plants. In developing a thermoelectric generation system using low calorie exhaust gases, thermoelectric power generating materials were developed, a powder manufacturing technology was developed, a thermoelectric conversion element bulking technology was developed, a thermoelectric power generation system using porous structures was simulated, development and concept design were carried out on system element technologies. In the research and development of the thermoelectric generation system using low calorie exhaust gases, advanced materials and modules were manufactured, the modules were evaluated, and power generation systems were researched. In addition, researches were performed on energy transportation, supply and utilization technologies, and on environmental load reducing technologies. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of 'the model project for effective utilization of the waste heat discharged from the combustion of paper-manufacturing sludge'; 1999 nendo seika hokoku. Seishi surajji nensho hainetsu yuko riyo moderu jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of reducing the consumption of fossil fuel and reducing emissions of global warming gases in Malaysia, a model project for thermally effective use of the sludge discharged from paper-manufacturing plant was carried out. Concretely, the paper-manufacturing sludge discharged from paper-manufacturing plant is to be dewatered and improved of its lower heating value. Then, the sludge is to be burned in fluidized bed incinerator, and the steam is to be generated by recovering heat using waste heat recovering boiler. The steam obtained is to be used as process steam of the plant. In this fiscal year, the first year of the project, the attachment to the agreement was prepared in terms of the allotment of the project work between Japan and Malaysia, various kinds of gist, schedules, etc. and signed. After that, the determination of the basic specifications for facilities was made according to the attachment to the agreement. Now, the basic design of the whole plant is being made. The design of the process flow sheet, design of the layout plan for plant equipment, etc. were finished. The goods to be purchased are now being estimated and assessed. Moreover, as to the civil engineering/construction design, drawings of the basic design are now being made. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the feasibility study on dissemination of the technologies for effective utilization of blast furnace top pressure in China; 1999 nendo Chugoku ni okeru koro rochoatsu yuko riyo gijutsu no fukyu kanosei chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Described herein are the FY 1999 results of the feasibility study on the blast furnace top pressure recovery turbine (TRT) technology in China. Government of China is promoting the steel industry policies to weed out outdated, inefficient production systems while preparing the priority guidance list to promote introduction of advanced technologies, for which the government is implementing or planning the preferential measures, including exemption from the import taxes and VAT, and subsidization of interest on investment. This feasibility study predicts the commercial based investment in the case where the dry dust collector and TRT that are the principal components of a dry type TRT system are manufactured in China and its acquisition ratio is increased on the condition that a suitable number of the systems are installed and on the premise that a dissemination model project is implemented. The results indicate that the system can be introduced at a cost a little less than 60% of the predicted investment in the dissemination model project. The cost-effect ratio varies with power price, which widely varies by region in China, and the dissemination feasibility is studied over a wide range of power price. The system has high dissemination potential, because almost all of the Chinese steel makers will have a sufficient cost-effect ratio which satisfies their investment standards, if they are granted the preferential measures from the government. (NEDO)

Joint Research. Report on the results of developing commercialization of a technology of process wastes and re-utilize them by using petroleum substituting energy; Kyodo kenkyu. Sekiyu daitai energy riyo haikibutsu shori saishigenka gijutsu jitsuyoka kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

A study was conducted on a technology to melt shredder dust and non-combustible wastes directly by using coal, reduce their volume and re-utilize them. The elementary study on a high-temperature melting and treating technology set such targets as optimizing the melting and treating technology in correspondence with properties of materials to be treated, by using a small melting test plant, achieving a volume reduction rate of 1/200, and reducing treatment cost. In order to make innoxious the different kinds of environmental loading materials contained in exhaust gas from a high-temperature gasification and direct melting system, discussions were given on an optimum control condition for the exhaust gas system facilities. Furthermore, physical properties of discharges (slags nd metals) were investigated to discuss material re-utilization. In discussing optimal systems, three kinds of systems including two types utilizing fuels were proposed as high-temperature gasification and melting treatment process from a viewpoint of technology and cost. Respective systems were compared with each other on treatment cost, and their priorities were identified. 56 refs., 50 figs., 55 tabs.

Fiscal 1999 technical survey report. Model project implementation feasibility study in India on effective utilization of blast furnace gas pressure energy; 1999 nendo Indo ni okeru koro gas atsuryoku energy yuko riyo model jigyo jisshi kanosei chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

From the viewpoint of energy utilization stated above, blast furnace top pressure recovery turbine (TRT) unit installability was studied at Bhilai Steel Works of Steel Authority of India, Ltd., Bokaro Steel Works of Steel Authority of India, Ltd., and Visakhapatnum Steel Works of Rashtriya Ispat Nigem. The energy consumption rate at an Indian steelmaking plant is 8Gcal/t-steel, which is larger than 5-6Gcal/t-steel of Japan and therefore needs improvement. Out of the blast furnaces in India, 26 are larger than 1,000m{sup 3}, and two of them are provided with a TRT device of now-defunct Soviet Union manufacture. The blast furnaces were examined for pressure at the top, amount of gas at the top, amount of dust, and safeness in operation. The No. 2 blast furnace of the Borkaro plant was selected for the project, and studies were made for a wet type TRT device. Improvements to be achieved by TRT device installation were calculated to be a TRT output of 5,900kW, power output of 49,100MWh/year, saved crude oil amount of 12,990toe/year, and CO2 reduction of 40,200 tons-CO2/year. (NEDO)

Environment-friendly type energy and coordinated community development project. Feasibility study for industrialization of high efficiency waste-fired power generation system using general RDF; Kankyo chowagata energy community keisei sokushin. Kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden (ippainado RDF riyo) jigyoka FS chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

The refuse-derived fuel (RDF) has been holding public attention not only as the energy resource of stable high calorific value for local energy development, but also as the effective method for waste treatment. As one of the effective utilization methods for waste treatment, this investigation was conducted to industrialize and establish the RDF power generation system, in which power generation and ash treatment are integrated in Tochigi Prefecture which is located inland. The base supply type was adopted as a way of operation from the menu of the electricity wholesale project of Tokyo Electric Power Co. and its rate of operation is 80 percent a year. Then, the fluidized bed combustion method, a dry exhaust gas treatment method, and continuous electric melting furnaces were decided as the RDF power generation system. According to this system, it is possible to obtain 26 percent gross thermal efficiency by conventional generation facilities. It was estimated that the expenses reduction for 15 years will be 17.6 billion yen compared with the ordinary combustion system. Also, the following effects can be expected; the reduction of CO2 emission, improvement of energy efficiency, and the extension of life of landfills capacity. 36 figs., 51 tabs.

FY 1999 report on the results of 'the model project for effective utilization of the waste heat discharged from the combustion of paper-manufacturing sludge'; 1999 nendo seika hokoku. Seishi surajji nensho hainetsu yuko riyo moderu jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of reducing the consumption of fossil fuel and reducing emissions of global warming gases in Malaysia, a model project for thermally effective use of the sludge discharged from paper-manufacturing plant was carried out. Concretely, the paper-manufacturing sludge discharged from paper-manufacturing plant is to be dewatered and improved of its lower heating value. Then, the sludge is to be burned in fluidized bed incinerator, and the steam is to be generated by recovering heat using waste heat recovering boiler. The steam obtained is to be used as process steam of the plant. In this fiscal year, the first year of the project, the attachment to the agreement was prepared in terms of the allotment of the project work between Japan and Malaysia, various kinds of gist, schedules, etc. and signed. After that, the determination of the basic specifications for facilities was made according to the attachment to the agreement. Now, the basic design of the whole plant is being made. The design of the process flow sheet, design of the layout plan for plant equipment, etc. were finished. The goods to be purchased are now being estimated and assessed. Moreover, as to the civil engineering/construction design, drawings of the basic design are now being made. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1994 entrusted task report. Surveys of advanced natural gas development and efficient utilization (Survey of coal hydrogasification technology development); 1994 nendo tennen gas kodo kaihatsu yuko riyo chosa tou itaku gyomu hokokusho. Sekitan suiten gaska gijutsu kaihatsu chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

For the establishment of a practical process for substitute natural gas (SNG) production, technological and economical assessments were made, and tasks to discharge for the development were discussed. In this fiscal year, the results of surveys conducted in the past five-year period were compiled, and studies were made to prepare for a smooth transition to the element research stage. Findings obtained are described below. SNG producing technologies need to be developed, with the demand for SNG increasing sharply, to further stabilize the base for SNG supply; coal which is abundantly available should be used as the material for SNG; and coal hydrogasification, among various methods for producing SNG from coal, is the most suitable in view of efficiency and cost performance. It was also found after a prolonged study for the improvement of efficiency and cost performance that probabilities were high that the yield of BTX (benzene, toluene, xylene) would increase and cost performance would improve. Besides, a basic plan and an element technology research plan were prepared for the development of the ARCH (advanced rapid coal hydrogasification) process. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 technical survey report. Model project implementation feasibility study in Malaysia on effective utilization of waste heat from paper sludge incineration; 1999 nendo Malaysia ni okeru seishi sludge nensho hainetsu yuko riyo model jigyo jisshi kanosei chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Efforts are under way to popularize practical energy conservation technologies through verification on real machines in target countries. Possibilities were studied that Malaysian paper making plants would adopt technologies of collecting heat from high-temperature exhaust gas from paper sludge incineration and of effectively utilizing the thus-collected heat. The Malaysian paper making industry produced 800-thousand tons or more in 1998, covering 72% of the total national demand. Heat recovery facilities may be installed in 15 plants. On-site surveys were made into their actual states, and then Genting Sanyen Industrial Paper Sdn. Bhd. was selected as the plant for the model project, and detailed model project feasibility studies were conducted. The studies covered the amount of wastes from paper making, their properties, treatment process, amounts of utilities to be used during system operation, land on which to build the facilities, and a plan for collecting invested funds. As the result, it was concluded in view of the magnitude of the expected fruit that the model project be implemented at this plant. (NEDO)

Report on investigations in fiscal 2000 on the basic investigation on promotion of joint implementation. Effective utilization of associated gas as CNG; 2000 nendo kyodo jisshi nado kiso chosa hokokusho. Zuihan gas no CNG to shite no yuko riyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The Back Ho oilfield is the largest oilfield in Vietnam and at the same time is producing the largest amount of natural gas (associated gas) in Vietnam. Although the majority of the associated gas has been used in the power generation plant, a large amount of surplus gas is not effectively used because of shortage of fund and technologies. Accordingly, a feasibility study has been executed for a project to compress 20% of the associated gas into CNG, and use it effectively as automobile and factory fuel. As a result of the site survey, it was found that, although Vietnam consumes less amount of energy and emits less amount of CO2, the nation has a strong interest and a large amount of knowledge about global warming and CDM because the country is subjected to large effect of warming. Furthermore, it has been reconfirmed that introducing CNG into this territory is highly effective. Discussions have been made on places of installing the facilities, effective surplus gas utilization systems, facility specifications, utilities, and number of workers. Calculations were made on approximate cost of the facilities and the running cost. As a result of the surveys and discussions, it was determined that technological support from Japan and the Yen loan for environment with low interest rate are necessary. (NEDO)

Report on a survey in fiscal 1999. Survey on technologies to effectively utilize biologically originated organic wastes, and the scenarios for proliferation thereof; 1999 nendo seibutsu kigen yukihaikibutsu no yuko riyo gijutsu to sono fukyu scenario no chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

With the biologically originated organic wastes (biomass) left unattended in Japan without being given effective measures as the object, effects are presented on contribution to reducing greenhouse effect gas emission and reducing environmental load, and considerations were given on scenarios to proliferate the utilization technologies. These actions were carried out upon identifying the trends inside and outside the country of developing methods and technologies to utilize them effectively as energy sources. Because of the present shortage in support from the policy aspects for regenerative energies themselves, the back-up from energy policy aspect is an urgent necessity by establishing such a law as the 'natural energy utilization promotion law' whose legislation is proposed by citizens. Appropriate useful technologies would have to be introduced into appropriate applications under such legislative support. For the time being, the 'wastes electric power generation' and 'bio-gasification power generation' systems that have been established already will be utilized. Furthermore, methanol and hydrogen will be synthesized from biomass to be used as fuel for fuel cells. Utilization of the cascade type system is advocated that uses substances sequentially from better ones to utilize woody biomass without waste. (NEDO)

Wastes power generation introduction manual. Main edition; Haikibutsu hatsuden donyu manual. Honpen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

A practical and specific working manual was prepared that satisfies the standards and criteria defined in the relevant law such as the Sanitation and Environment Ordinance No. 249, the guideline for generation of dioxins caused by refuse disposal, and that enables the reports evaluating the wastes quantitatively to be submitted to heads of the local governments when persons in charge of planning the introduction of wastes power generation at local governments discuss the wastes power generation systems. Taking general combustible wastes and sewage sludge treatments as the object, this paper details from the economic performance to size of wastes treatment at the priority limit for the power generation facility introduction. The subject power generation systems include the following: the stoker furnace/separation type ash melting furnace power generation system, the fluidized bed/separation type ash melting furnace power generation system, and the direct type gasification melting furnace power generation system, whose establishment of safety, reliability and stability have been verified by full-size system operation record available at the local governments, the gas turbine re-powering composite type power generation system (gas turbine power plants are installed beside the incineration furnaces) that makes high-efficiency power generation possible, and the RDF power generation system (power generation by mixed combustion with general refuses, and power generation using RDF (refuse derived fuel) exclusive combustion). Other important discussion and assessment items include environment and resource utilization performances. (NEDO)

Waste minimization activities in Toyota Motor Corporation; Haikibutsu teigen eno torikumi jokyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Taguchi, S.; Yamamoto, N.; Kurai, H. [Toyota Motor Corp., Aichi (Japan)

1998-07-01

Toyota`s waste reduction efforts based on a drive for dealing with the source of waste generation are introduced. For the propulsion of the policy for dealing directly with the origin of waste, it is necessary to convert the existing manufacturing processes that give high priority to product quality and low production cost into environmental impact reduction oriented processes. In particular, conversion of materials into those that are easier to recycle, technology for reducing defective products, technology for the completion of recycling within the process involved, and the simplification of all the processes are mentioned. For the cleaning job in the machining process, a detergent enhanced in oil/water separating capability is developed, and this prolongs doubly the detergent replacement period and decreases the waste liquid to a 1/4 or less of what the conventional method produces. For the handling of foundry sand that is yielded in great quantities, a flow classification system is developed to replace the conventional gravitational classifier, and the reusable coarse-grain sand in the collected dust which occupies approximately 70% of the whole waste is now recovered for reuse. In the vehicle body coating process, a newly-developed robot arm type coating system is developed, which halves the coating waste. 2 refs., 9 figs., 1 tab.

Wastes power generation introduction manual. Material edition; Haikibutsu hatsuden donyu manual. Shiryohen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-07-01

This paper collects and puts into order the materials used in preparing the manual. The materials were classified into the power generation system database related to discussion of the economic performance, case studies, technical materials, other referential materials and glossary. The database shows power generation efficiency, auxiliary power ratio, construction cost, utility cost and number of operators. The case studies present examples of economy calculations on the five recommended power generation systems at a wastes treatment capacity of 180 tons a day. Technical materials put into order the technological discussions on efficiency improvement, environmental measures (suppression of discharge of dioxins, measures for their removal, and the effects thereof), refuse derived fuel (RDF) and power plant operating techniques. The other referential materials collect laws, notifications, and guidelines related to the Welfare Ministry, laws, notifications, criteria and related to the Ministry of International Trade and Industry, and materials related to LCA, forms of power generation business entities, general wastes disposal business, and electric business bonds. The glossary explains terms required for operation and understanding of the manual. (NEDO)

Development of hydroponic system using agriculture waste. 1. Characteristics of rice husk charcoal as growth medium and vegetable growth; Suiko saibai ni okeru haikibutsu riyo gijutsu no kaihatsu. 1. Momigara kutan no baichi to shite no tokucho to yasai no seiiku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Terazoe, H; Nakaya, K; Okano, T [Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-06-01

Experimental researches were made on rice husk charcoals processed to be used as culture media for hydroponics. Rice husk charcoals with a size of 1 mm or larger retaining the original shape of the rice husk, and with a size of smaller than 1 mm were made for use in the experiment. In the culture media made of these rice husk charcoals, the charcoal with a particle size greater than 1 mm had more air portion than water portion at 6 cm above the water level, and the charcoal with a particle size smaller than 1 mm had poor air permeability. According to the result of immersing the rice husk charcoal in a culture solution, phosphoric acid ion and manganese in the solution decreased by about 35% and calcium by about 10% in the duration of 120 minutes, as a result of having been adsorbed into the rice husk charcoal. On the other hand, chloride ion increased by about 80% and potassium and iron by about 30%, because of having been dissolved out from the charcoal. In cultivating spinach, butterhead lettuce and radish in the rice husk charcoal culture media, the culture medium with charcoal smaller than 1 mm resulted in harvest reduced by about 75% in spinach, and about 10% in butterhead lettuce. 15 refs., 13 figs., 11 tabs.

Fiscal 2000 survey of refuse-fueled power generation introduction technology, etc. Survey of industrial refuse-fueled power generation (Industrial refuse-fueled power generation case study implementation - 1); 2000 nendo chosa haikibutsu hatsuden donyu gijutsu chosa to - Sangyo haikibutsu hatsuden chosa (Sangyo haikibutsu hatsuden case study no jisshi - 1)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Case studies were conducted of industrial refuse-fueled power generation using plastic waste, paper waste, and wood chips, and the same using the excretions of cattle. In the study of power generation fueled by mixed waste containing plastic waste, 325t/d, 220t/d, and 130t/d incinerators having the lower calorific value of 5,960-6,401 kcal/kg were taken up, and steam conditions, generator output, generating-end efficiency, station service power ratio, sending-end efficiency, etc., were tentatively calculated. As for cost efficiency, a manufacturer's estimate indicated that commercialization would be impossible in all the cases unless the construction cost was cut down. In the study of excretion-fueled power generation, cases were taken up where medium-temperature fermentation proceeded for the excretions of 620-29,853 dairy cows (32-1,576 t/d). A calculation was performed on conditions that the construction cost and maintenance/utility costs were as estimated by the manufacturer, that the excretion treatment and power generation facilities were covered by subsidies, and that personnel expenses of 6-million yen were necessary. It was then found that there would be commercial viability in case the yield was 790t/d or higher. (NEDO)

Cartel surprised by quota reduction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Debnar, M.

2003-01-01

Development of world prices of petroleum in April - September 2003 are analysed. OPEC accepted a decision to lower oil production in 900 thousands barrels per day to 24.5 millions barrels per day from 1 November 2003. Although Russian Federation reports higher oil production every month, it does not represent danger for OPEC for the present. Problem is to import the oil. Situation will change dramatically from 2008. Russian Federation plans anyway to build gigantic pipeline to Murmansk port in Barents Sea. Thanks to it Russian oil export to USA should sharply extend. It was reported by Russian Minister of economy German Gref with note that construction of pipeline is priority for Russian Federation, which wants to diversification its oil export from traditional Europe. Project of pipeline construction from Western Siberia to deep water of Murmansk terminal was published by five oil companies leaded by Lukoil and Yukos already at the end of last year. Pipeline should cost 4 billions USD and it should transport up to 2.4 millions barrels of oil per day. In the meantime Caspian oil should start to flow to Europe

Successful switch from bilateral brief pulse to right unilateral ultrabrief pulse electroconvulsive therapy after failure to induce seizures

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kawashima H

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Hirotsugu Kawashima,1 Yuko Kobayashi,1 Taro Suwa,2 Toshiya Murai,2 Ryuichi Yoshioka1 1Department of Psychiatry, Toyooka Hospital, Toyooka, Hyogo, Japan; 2Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Abstract: Inducing adequate therapeutic seizures during electroconvulsive therapy (ECT is sometimes difficult due to a high seizure threshold, even at the maximum stimulus charge. Previous studies have demonstrated that seizure threshold is lower in patients treated with right unilateral ultrabrief pulse (RUL-UBP ECT than in those treated with bilateral or brief pulse (BL-BP ECT. Therefore, switching to RUL-UBP ECT may be beneficial for patients in whom seizure induction is difficult with conventional ECT. In the present report, we discuss the case of a patient suffering from catatonic schizophrenia in whom BL-BP ECT failed to induce seizures at the maximum charge. However, RUL-UBP ECT successfully elicited therapeutic seizures and enabled the patient to achieve complete remission. This case illustrates that, along with other augmentation strategies, RUL-UBP ECT represents an alternative for seizure induction in clinical practice. Keywords: electroconvulsive therapy, augmentation, ultrabrief pulse, electrode placement, seizure threshold

FY 1999 Technical research and development for environmentally friendly and highly efficient energy utilization system. Technical research and development for highly efficient and effective energy utilization (Technical research and development for optimum system designs - Part 2); 1999 nendo kankyo chowagata kokoritsu energy riyo system kaihatsu seika hokokusho. 2. Kokoritsu energy yuko riyo gijutsu no kenkyu (saiteki system sekkei gijutsu no kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-05-01

Research and development program is conducted for the elementary techniques as part of the eco-energy urban project of New Sunshine Project. Described herein are the FY 1999 results for the (techniques for transportation and storage of energy). The R and D on methanol energy systems involves the R and D on decomposition and synthesis catalyst of methanol and methyl formate for the waste heat sources of relatively low temperature. The R and D on high-efficiency techniques using hydrogen-occluding alloys involves development of heat exchangers of low sensible heat ratio, fabrication of double-effect type MH heat pump cycle devices, and demonstration tests for the system operation. It is found that the heat output of the hydrogen-occluding alloy for high temperature use is 0.18kW/kg at 90 degrees C, and that the alloy can be massively produced. A thermal utilization efficiency COP of 0.68 is obtained for the double-effect type MH heat pump cycles. The R and D on the heat-hydrogen recovery, transportation and utilization techniques involves designs and fabrication on a trial basis of a sensible heat recovery unit. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the development of the environmentally friendly type high efficiency energy utilization system. Part 2. Study of the effective utilization technology of high efficiency energy (Study of the optimum system design technology); 2000 nendo kankyo chowagata kokoritsu energy riyo system kaihatsu seika hokokusho. 2. Kokoritsu energy yuko riyo gijutsu no kenkyu (saiteki system sekkei gijutsu no kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-05-01

The paper conducted the development of the environmentally friendly type high efficiency energy utilization system and the R and D of the high efficiency energy effective utilization technology, and the FY 2000 results were summed up. As to the energy transportation/storage technology, the R and D were made on the following: methanol/energy system, non-equilibrium high efficiency methanol decomposition reaction technology, development of multiple functions of catalyst, high efficiency heat pump technology using hydrogen storage alloys, heat-hydrogen recovery/transportation/utilization technology, vacuum insulated heat transport piping system, surfactant used for high density heat transport, high density latent heat transportation technology, etc. Concerning the energy supply/utilization technology, the R and D were made of the heat supply system using high efficient heat pump corresponding to multiple fuels. Relating to the environmental load reduction technology, the energy conserved heat pump system using natural coolant. As to the optimum system design technology, the comprehensive preparation of element technology, etc. (NEDO)

FY 1999 Technical research and development for environmentally friendly and highly efficient energy utilization system. Technical research and development for highly efficient and effective energy utilization (Technical research and development for optimum system designs - Part 1); 1999 nendo kankyo chowagata kokoritsu energy riyo system kaihatsu seika hokokusho. 1 Kokoritsu energy yuko riyo gijutsu no kenkyu (saiteki system sekkei gijutsu no kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-05-01

Research and development program is conducted for the elementary techniques as part of the eco-energy urban project of New Sunshine Project. Described herein are the FY 1999 results for the 'techniques for recovery and conversion of unutilized energy'. The R and D on waste heat recovery and conversion for chemical plants designs an internal structure of the 'wetted wall column for shell side as the stripping section' for increasing quantity of heat exchanged inside, and stably operates the bench plant for 100 hours or more. The R and D on thermoelectric power generating systems using low calorie exhaust gases involves development of materials, production of fine particle materials and sinters, and evaluation of their functions, among others. The program for application of the techniques to commercial plants confirms applicability of a 3kg thermoelectric power generating system to automobile coating process. The R and D on systems for thermoelectric recovery of low-temperature waste heat finds cracks on the ceramic plate for the power generating system WATT100, disassembled for repair. (NEDO)

FY 1999 Technical research and development for environmentally friendly and highly efficient energy utilization system. Technical research and development for highly efficient and effective energy utilization (Technical research and development for optimum system designs - Part 3); 1999 nendo kankyo chowagata kokoritsu energy riyo system kaihatsu seika hokokusho. 3. Kokoritsu energy yuko riyo gijutsu no kenkyu (saiteki system sekkei gijutsu no kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-05-01

Research and development program is conducted for the elementary techniques as part of the eco-energy urban project of New Sunshine Project. Described herein are the FY 1999 results for the (techniques for transportation and storage of energy (continued), energy supply and utilization, reducing environmental loads, and designing the optimum systems). The R and D on heat transfer system through the vacuum heat insulation pipes involves fabrication, on a trial basis, the vacuum insulation covers for the vacuum insulation tubes, joints, flanges and valves for the 80A pipes, and the heat loss evaluation test for each item. The R and D on the energy supply and utilization techniques involves the heat transfer systems for a variety of fuels by the highly functional heat pump, and compression/absorption hybrid type heat-utilization system. The hybrid type heat-utilization system simulation results suggest possibility of achieving exergy efficiency of 56% as the development target by use of the new medium. The R and D on the environmental load reduction involves the power-saving type heat pump systems which use a natural coolant. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the development of the environmentally friendly type high efficiency energy utilization system. Part 1. Study of the effective utilization technology of high efficiency energy (Study of the optimum system design technology); 2000 nendo kankyo chowagata kokoritsu energy riyo system kaihatsu seika hokokusho. 1. Kokoritsu energy yuko riyo gijutsu no kenkyu (saiteki system sekkei gijutsu no kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-05-01

The paper conducted the development of element technology and comprehensive adjustment which are related to the development of the environmentally friendly type high efficiency energy utilization system and the study of the high efficiency energy utilization technology, and the results of FY 2000, the final fiscal year, were summed up. As to the R and D of the exhaust heat reforming/recovery system, the internal heat exchange type distillation tower was developed which has a good energy conservation effect and enables the heat supply outside. Concerning the R and D of the cogeneration system using low calorie exhaust gas, the following were conducted for further improvement of the performance of electrothermic elements: evaluation of the thermoelectric performance using bulk elements, development of new elements and evaluation of the energy balance at the time of combustion, etc. Relating to the R and D of the low temperature exhaust heat utilization cogeneration system, conducted were the development of thermoelectric materials and the fabrication/evaluation study of module. Moreover, WATT20A equipped with the original power generation module developed in this study was fabricated, and the data on the operation at the temperature of 150 degrees C were obtained by WATT-20HT. (NEDO)

Survey report for fiscal 1999 on internationalization of technologies for effective use of energy resources. Survey by exploration of international cooperative researches on energy-saving through advanced use of steel slag; 1999 nendo energy shigen yuko riyo gijutsu kenkyu kokusaika chosa hokokusho. Tekko slag no kodo riyo ni yoru sho energy gijutsu ni kansuru kokusai kyodo kenkyu no tansaku chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

As for the collection of sensible heat, 1/3 of blast-furnace slag is treated to the purpose at the Teesside Technology Centre, Britain, but none is collected in the latter half of tapping in case there is so much slag that cooling cannot be done in time. In the case of a large blast furnace, some measures have to be contrived because molten iron comes out of the furnace intermittently. In Germany, the heat collection rate is as low as 3%, with no effort made at heat collection. In North America, desire to develop such a technology is not strong. A visit was made to the Institute of Ocean Sciences, Canada, in relation to the concept of using steel slag as a eutrophic source for marine photo-plankton. A large-scale long-term test is under way for examining the relationship between global warming and ocean current circulation. There are possibilities that Japan will enter into the project for a joint study, for example, of heavy metal elution from slag though the test fails to name slag as the direct object of study. Not only for Canada but also for any other country who faces the sea, it may be a meaningful national policy to inject some active ingredients into the sea for an increase in living marine resources. Greece is engaged in the ocean dumping of nickel slag on an experimental basis but, in view of the purpose of the experiment, Japan will not be a participant in the project. (NEDO)

Industrial science and technology research and development business for fiscal 1998. Research and development achievement report on glycoconjugate production and utilization technologies (Development of technologies of glycoconjugate-aided CO{sub 2} fixation and utilization); 1998 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Fukugo toshitsu seisan riyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (fukugo toshitsu oyo nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Enzymatic and chemical methods were combined and methods were developed for synthesizing mucin type sugar chains and glycopeptides. The influence of sugar chain positions and structures on glycoconjugate stereo structures and physiological activities was analyzed, and glycopeptide structural activities and glycoconjugate remodelling were studied. To create an industrial advantage in a glycoprotein production system by use of zooblasts, sugar chain structure control through sugar transfase occurrence control was studied. For the production of man-adaptive sugar chains using yeast, new yeast variations were subjected to molecular breeding, and tested for the resultant improvement on productivity. Sugar chain marking and refining techniques and various responding mechanisms on the solid surface were elucidated, which enabled structure analyses using sugar chain recognition molecules such as lectins and antibodies. A database on interactions between sugar chains and sugar chain recognition molecules was constructed using the said findings. An analyzing program was also formulated tentatively. This paper also covers general surveys and studies on technologies of producing and utilizing glycoconjugates. (NEDO)

Survey of a technology to introduce the waste-fueled power generation. Basic manual for introduction of the waste-fueled power generation; Haikibutsu hatsuden donyu gijutsu chosa. Haikibutsu hatsuden donyu kihon manual

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Local government offices, etc., which are expected to shoulder responsibility for introducing the waste-fueled power generation, want to need exact information on technical information concerning the waste-fueled power generation and the method to materialize the introduction plan, etc. Therefore, Electric Power Development Co. surveyed and studied it under the contract with NEDO. The results were collected together as a basic manual for introduction of the waste-fueled power generation. As an outline of the waste-fueled power generation, the manual explains the significance, the present situation and potentials, the waste-fueled power system, an outline of working out the waste-fueled power generation plan, an outline of construction and operation/maintenance of the waste-fueled power generation, an outline of various systems relating to the waste-fueled power generation, etc. As the items for the study of making a concrete plan for power generation equipment, the manual explains the amount of refuse to be incinerated, the present status of generation capacity as viewed from the quality of refuse, the quality of refuse and the design of power generation equipment, boiler efficiency, power generation efficiency, construction cost and operation cost, etc. In addition, the paper describes a case study of the waste-fueled power generation plan. 118 figs., 39 tabs.

Waste treatment of ships. Change in understanding of wastes and trend of waste treatment systems; Senjo no haikibutsu shori. 1. Haikibutsu ni taisuru ninshiki no henka to shori hoshiki no doko

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Inatomi, M. [Hitachi Zosen Corp., Osaka (Japan)

1996-07-25

This paper explains treatment of wastes produced in ships. Wastes produced in ships should be essentially treated on ships. Since storage and transport of difficult-to-treat wastes to harbor for land treatment is expensive, wastes produced in ships are treated on ships as much as possible. Combustibles such as waste oil, plastics, paper and wood fiber waste are treated by incinerator. Food waste is dumped into the sea after crushing by disposer. Excrement and urine are dumped into the sea through a waste water treatment plant. Oil content in oily bilge is burned after heating and vapor separation. Food waste is temporarily stored in ships because its dumping along the coast and into harbor is impossible. Kitchen refuse decomposer utilizing bacteria was proposed for ships. Press for used cans and crushing/thermal compaction/storage equipment for plastics were also put on the market. The primary regulation on diesel engine exhaust gas may be cleared by improvement of engine bodies. 1 ref., 1 fig., 1 tab.

The Yukos Crisis Brings Thunderclouds to the Railway Carriage Business / Toivo Tänavsuu

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Tänavsuu, Toivo

2004-01-01

Russian Estonian Rail Services AS - kõige konkurentsivõimelisem transpordi-, side- ja logistikaettevõtete hulgas, Hansapanga kõrgepalgalise eksportööri eriauhinna laureaat. Lisa: Russian Estonian Rail Services 2003. Kommenteerib Indrek Neivelt. Tabel: Transpordi-, side- ja logistikaettevõtted

FY 2000 report on the survey of new energy policies by developing countries. Survey of collection/analysis of information on effective energy utilization, etc.; 2000 nendo tojokoku no shin energy seisaku ni kakawaru chosa hokokusho. Energy yuko riyo nado joho shushu bunseki chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of effectively introducing technologies for new energy/energy conservation in developing countries, the paper arranged the policies, systems and organizations in relation to new energy in developing countries. Survey was made of the following two fields: 1) new energy in developing countries; 2) situation of new energy introduction in developing countries (India, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines and China). In 2), about India, for example, survey was made on the following: outline of the new energy policy, regulation for new energy promotion and law specifying concrete measures, departments in charge/promotion organizations for new energy, system and setup for new energy promotion, numerical target of new energy introduction, support from developed countries including the E.U. and the U.S. and the effects, support from international organizations including the World Bank and UNDP and the effects, the country's main industries related to new energy, the government's policy for the domestic production, outline of the use of India's biomass project, etc. (NEDO)

FY 1999 investigational survey on the project on the potential survey of the effective energy utilization model project in the Asian region; 1999 nendo Asia chiiki ni okeru kokateki energy yuko riyo model jigyo no jisshi kanosei ni kansuru chosa jigyo seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

A survey was made on the technology applicable to the energy effective utilization model project in the Asian region. In the survey, the technology was listed up which could be the base for the model project in which the use in the commercial/residential field and the use of natural energy were considered. Further, countries for survey were limited to developing countries in the Asian region. Technologies for survey were as follows: various cogeneration systems, fuel cell cogeneration systems, heat storage type heat utilization, heat storage type air conditioning using night power, night power use dynamic ice maker and heat storage tank utilization, low temperature exhaust heat use adsorption type refrigeration, low temperature waste heat recovery absorption type heat pump, low head hydroelectric power generation, energy conservation in buildings, rationalization of energy utilization by energy management, heat supply using solar energy/wind power energy, biomass energy utilization, high efficiency/multiple effect heat utilization, high performance membrane separator utilization, high temperature/high humidity drying, airless dryer, etc. (NEDO)

Report on the results of research and development under a consignment from NEDO of glycoconjugate production utilizing technologies. Development of technologies to fix and effectively utilize carbon dioxide by applying glycoconjugates; 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Fukugo toshitsu seisan riyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (fukugo toshitsu oyo nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This paper reports research results in fiscal 1997 for the `research and development of glycoconjugate production utilizing technologies`. In synthesizing, utilizing and remodeling technologies for glycoconjugates by means of chemical synthesis, studies were performed on developing methods to synthesize Gal {beta}1-3Gal NA(c {alpha})1-0-Serine in preparative scale, synthesizing high mannose type sugars of natural type without protection groups, and linking GlcNA or GalNAc onto partial peptide of fibroblast growth factor (FGF). In synthesizing, utilizing and remodeling technologies for glycoconjugates by using biological methods, studies were carried out, with regard to glycoconjugate synthesizing, utilizing and remodeling technologies utilizing animal cells, on identifying sugar structures of IFN-{gamma} produced from CHO cell line, and isolating CHO cell lines introduced with genes of sugar transferred enzyme GnTIV and/or GnTV. Furthermore, studies were conducted on glycoconjugate synthesizing, utilizing and remodeling technologies utilizing microorganisms, and glycoconjugate structure analyzing technologies. In addition, overall investigation was made on glycoconjugate production utilizing technologies. 113 refs., 76 figs., 18 tabs.

FY 1999 report on the results of the project on the industrial science technology R and D. R and D of complex carbonhydrate production/utilization technology (Development of CO2 fixation/effective utilization technology by applying complex carbonhydrate); 1999 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Fukugo toushitsu seisan riyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (Fukugo toushitsu oyo nisankatanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of making an industrial use of complex carbonhydrate performing an important function in substance recognition, etc., which cannot be realized by only nucleic acid, protein and lipid, the R and D of the basic technology related to the production/utilization were conducted, and the FY 1999 results were reported. In the study of synthesis/utilization/remodeling technology of complex carbonhydrate using the chemical synthesis method, the R and D were made not only on the synthesis of sugar chain but for the synthesis method of the peptide added with sugar chain, that is, glycopeptide. Further, as to the reaction with the aim of the application, there was hope for large-quantity synthesis of milk oligosaccharide by the oxygen method. In the study of the design technology of complex carbonhydrate molecules, the systematical analysis using the model glycopeptide was conducted of effects of the sugar chain addition part and sugar chain structure on the 3D structure and physiological activity. Concerning the synthesis/utilization/remodeling technology of complex carbonhydrate using the biological method, study was made of the animal cell utilization, microorganism utilization, technology of structural analysis of complex carbonhydrate, etc. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 report on the results of the R and D under a consignment from NEDO of the technology to fix and effectively use carbon dioxide using bacteria and microalgae (for public); 1996 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku (saikin sorui nado riyo nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (kokaiyo))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

For the purpose of contributing to the solution to the global environmental problem, a technology is developed in which by searching for/breeding/developing bacteria, etc. which conduct photosynthesis highly effectively, CO2 is fixed and recycled. The fiscal 1996 R and D is outlined as the utilization of bacteria, microalgae, etc. Obtained were microalgae exceeding the conventional strains in CO2 fixation ability, and bacteria/microalgae excellent in production of polysaccharides, hydrocarbon, lipid, biological active substances, etc. The fundamental study was continued of CO2 integrated enzyme function/reaction system as molecular biological breeding. In the cell fusion, a set-up of conditions for green algae was started. For the confirmation of performance of high dense/quantity culture technology using solar light, further improvement of performance and systematization, 200L scale testing equipment was manufactured. It is a collective reactor and enabled study of ventilation/agitation and control of light strength. A reactor analysis model was constructed. Also including the conversion into useful substances, energy/material balance was systematically studied. Collection of technical literature and information exchanges were made in Japan and overseas. 276 refs., 475 figs., 156 tabs.

Commissioned operation report for fiscal 1991 on commissioning of surveying high-level development and effective utilization of natural gas, and development of coal hydrogasification technology; 1991 nendo tennen gas kodo kaihatsu yuko riyo chosa tou itaku gyomu hokokusho. Sekitan suiten gaska gijutsu kaihatsu chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1992-03-01

With an objective of establishing a practically usable process to manufacture substitution natural gas, discussions have been given on the technical, economical, and developmental problems therein. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1991. The summary of surveys in the current fiscal year is as follows: the coal hydrogasification process is positioned as having high necessity in the gas industry because of its high thermal efficiency and low gas cost; in order to evaluate the reaction heat in the hydrogasification reaction, a mathematical model having flexibility was structured, whereas a large number of findings has been derived, including performance of the reactor and the optimum operating conditions; in addition to having made clear the conditions for an entrained bed hydrogasification reactor, comparisons and discussions were given on the internally circulating reactor and one-through reactor; studies were performed on thermal efficiency and gas cost in the optimized process configuration o the ARCH-1 process base; and a proposal was made on the test for a new reactor having the two-step reaction zone that could be expected of increased yield in aqueous solution, and could contribute to reducing the gas cost. (NEDO)

Commissioned operation report for fiscal 1992 on commissioning of surveying high-level development and effective utilization of natural gas, and development of coal hydrogasification technology; 1992 nendo tennen gas kodo kaihatsu yuko riyo chosa tou itaku gyomu hokokusho. Sekitan suiten gaska gijutsu kaihatsu chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1993-03-01

With an objective of establishing a practically usable process to manufacture substitution natural gas, discussions have been given on the technical, economical, and developmental problems therein. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1992. With respect to the possibility of applying the coal SNG to power generation fuel, a power generation system composed of coal SNG, pipeline transportation and natural gas was recognized of having the significance of technological development because of its capability of raising the power plant utilization rate and possibility of being superior in the economic aspect. In the study on enhancement of aqueous solution yield, performance of the ARCH-2 reactor was discussed by the simulation forecast using a mathematical model, whereas the benzene yield was found possible to be raised up to 15% in the carbon conversion rate. As the target of the hydrogasification process to be developed by Japan, based on the study results of the current fiscal year, three points consisted of SNG yield maximization, cooling gas efficiency maximization, and BTV yield maximization were indicated, and it was proposed that a process having flexibility in the product yield should be developed. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the R and D of the technology for rationalization of energy utilization and for CO2 fixation using recycled paper; 2000 nendo energy shiyo gorika koshi nado yuko riyo nisanka tanso koteika gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

In this R and D, the recycled paper, etc. composed mainly of cellulose are degraded (saccharified) up to saccharides in a biological method. The saccharides and CO2 obtained are converted into useful substances such as organic acid using the bacterium function. The aim of the R and D is to develop this conversion (bioconversion) technology and to establish the technology to make an effective use of the recycled paper, etc. as useful chemical raw materials/substances and energy. In FY 2000, study was made mostly of the saccharification and bioconversion. As to the saccharification, conducted were the collection of the bacteria for cellulose degrading enzyme production which have been found so far and the evaluation of degradation of the recycled paper. And, as to the bioconversion, conducted were the survey and isolation of enzyme proteins and genes which are concerned in it in the process toward the formation to organic acid from saccharides and CO2, and the analysis of part of them. In this report, introductory remarks were described in Chapter 1. In Chapter 2, the results were summarized of the study on saccharification of the recycled paper. In Chapter 3, the results were outlined of the study on the bioconversion technology. This technology development was aimed at establishing new high efficiency bio-processes. (NEDO)

FY 2000 Study report. Feasibility study on model project for effective utilization of sensible heat of off gas from hot stoves at blast furnaces in India; 2000 nendo Indo ni okeru koro netsufuro hai gas kennetsu yuko riyo model jigyo jisshi kanosei chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The feasibility study was conducted on a model project in India for the energy saving effect and reduction of the greenhouse gas emissions by introducing blast furnace hot stove waste heat recovery systems in steelworks. The blast furnaces studied are Blast Furnace G at Jamshedpur Steelworks of TISCO, the largest private steel maker in India, and No.7 Blast Furnace at Bhilai Steelworks of state-operated Steel Authority of India Ltd. (SAIL). The study results indicate that the annual energy-saving effects of 8,255 and 8,190 tons as heavy oil, and annual CO2 emission reduction of 25,543 and 25,342 tons are expected in the TISCO and SAIL blast furnaces, respectively, in the case of increasing blast temperature and reducing blast furnace fuel coke (increased iron production possible). The model project is applicable to both blast furnaces. There are a total of 46 blast furnaces in India in which the heat recovery systems can be introduced. The nation-wide annual energy saving and CO2 abatement would reach 126,202 tons as heavy oil and 390,501 tons, when all of these blast furnaces could be provided with the heat recovery systems. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 survey report. Basic survey on trends of waste use type production facilities and waste fuel production facilities; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Haikibutsu riyogata seizo shisetsu oyobi haikibutsu nenryo seizo shisetsu doko kiso chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This survey was made to obtain the basic data for future spread and promotion of No.6 type (waste use type production facilities) and No.7 type (waste fuel production facilities) which were added to the objects having been subsidized since fiscal 1997 under `the environmental harmony type energy community project.` In the former, the kiln in the cement industry and the blast furnace in the steel industry can be extremely large places to receive waste plastic since the facilities are distributed in every area and the treatment capacity is large. However, the effective collection, transportation and sorting of large quantity of waste plastic, especially the problem of removal of vinyl chloride, is a big bottleneck. As to the use of waste plastic using gasification technology, there are no actual results on the commercial basis. That is, however, appropriate for treatment of the waste difficult in treatment, and can be expected of the usage in the chemical industry. In the latter, in the facilities using industrial waste raw materials as fuel, solidification and liquefaction are both operated on a commercial basis. In relation to the solidification and use as fuel of general waste, the treatment of combustion ash is preventing the expansion of use of waste in the industrial field because of a large quantity of chlorine included in the products. 92 refs., 54 figs., 35 tabs.

Fiscal 2000 survey report. Refuse-fueled power generation introduction technology, etc. Part 2. Survey of general refuse-fueled power generation; 2000 nendo chosa hokokusho. Haikibutsu hatsuden donyu gijutsu chosa to - Ippan haikibutsu hatsuden chosa Part 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Surveys were conducted of the effect on waste quality of the Law for Promotion of Sorted Collection and Recycling of Containers and Packaging, diffusion of PFI (private finance initiative) involving refuse-fueled power generation, recycling of slag, etc. Questionnairing was conducted for the survey of the effect on waste of the effectuation of the recycling law, size of population supplying the waste and the amount actually incinerated, actually measured data of the composition of incinerated waste, assorted collection programs, amount reducing measures, and the like. Studies were made as to if the empirical formulas applied in the survey of the preceding fiscal year would remain applicable after the coming into force of the recycling law. In the survey of PFI popularization, it was found that the rate it was taken into account for concrete projects was so low as 13.8% though most of the autonomous bodies had cognizance of PFI. It was requested that it be clearly stipulated that 'the conventional subsidies and grants apply also to PFI projects.' In the survey of conversion of residue into molten slag in refuse-fueled power generation and its reuse, four kinds of slag specimens were examined for physical properties, elution, and analyzed for ingredients, and then it was found that they posed no problems like heavy metal elution. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 achievement report on the venture business assisting type regional consortium - Minor business creation base type. Development of environmental protection oriented technology for effectively utilizing waste paper; 1999 nendo chiiki consortium kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo seika hokokusho. Kankyo hozengata no koshi no yuko riyo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The effort aims to use low grade waste paper out of various grades of waste paper, whose recovery does not make good progress, as a raw material for the development of value-added, commercially competitive products and to contribute to the enhancement of waste paper recovery. A dry pulverization method less polluting the environment and not requiring a drying process is established, and types of waste paper and optimum conditions for their pulverization are made clear. A molding system using a steam injection method capable of atmospheric pressure control is established, and this enables the molding of pulverized waste paper not only into flat boards but also into corrugated boards. It is found that water contained in the waste paper alone produces a result similar to that expected from steam injection. A partitioning board is produced from waste paper, and it is found to be near the conventional product in terms of noise absorption. Old newspaper and corrugated cardboard are pulverized and an air filter is developed, which is similar to the conventional product in terms of operating efficiency and life. Waste paper is carbonized, and then charcoal with more pores than the conventional charcoal is produced. The porous charcoal is found to be usable in vegetable beds. (NEDO)

Report of FY 1997 on the international cooperation project. Survey of globalization of the effective energy resource utilization technology (development of high-accuracy acceleration measurement system); 1997 nendo kokusai kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo. Energy shigen yuko riyo gijutsu kenkyu kokusaika chosa (koseido kasokudo keisoku system no kaihatsu chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This report describes effectiveness of a system for measuring the acceleration and force in high accuracy by combining a laser interference meter and a vibration stand. A possibility of pressure sensitive paper to the impact force measurement in the collision examination is also described. The results obtained in FY 1997 are as follows. For the investigation of calibration system of acceleration and force sensor, one-dimensional interferometer system has been developed, which is standardized in ISO5347 accelerometer calibration. Thus, an interference fringe processing software has been made. Moreover, construction of a three-dimensional interferometer system has been started. For the characterization evaluation of pressure sensitive papers, it was succeeded in obtaining an elasticity wave pulse maximum about 1 msec by adopting the flight body made of resin. As a result, evaluation of the force sensor in the frequency area has become possible. To calculate the displacement of a body structural material in the collision experiment, an acceleration sensor has been made for trial purposes. For the international research cooperation, the working plan of a joint research with US Texas Christian University has been concluded. 11 refs., 73 figs., 23 tabs.

Fiscal 1998 R and D project on global environmental industrial technology. Research result report on DNA analysis and information processing technology for photosynthesis microorganisms (Development of CO{sub 2} fixation and effective use technology by using bacteria and algae); 1998 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Kogosei biseibutsu nado DNA kaiseki joho shori gijutsu no kenkyu (saikin sorui nado riyo nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This report summarizes the fiscal 1998 research result on DNA analysis and information processing technology for photosynthesis microorganisms. On the study on DNA analysis technology by triple-strand formation method, as the comparison study result of a READ method, stable triple- strand formation method and hairpin method, a READ method showed the highest triple-strand formation efficiency for target DNA. On the study on accurate separation technology of specific genes, establishment of protocols was promoted for solid-phase probe technology, subtract technology and leveling technology. On the study on DNA microarray analysis technology by high-efficiency hybridization method, the analysis technology of genes by hybridization method using DNA chips is under investigation. In addition, the high- efficiency analysis technology of specific DNA segments by using an affinity sensor, and the high-accuracy cloning technology for DNA with altered primary structure were also studied. (NEDO)

Russia's Eastern Energy Policy: A Chinese Puzzle for Rosneft

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Poussenkova, Nina

2013-04-01

In the past decade Russia set a strategic goal: to develop the Eastern vector of its energy policy and strengthen oil and gas cooperation with the Asia-Pacific countries. While dialogue on gas with China was stalled, Rosneft, the country's number-one oil company, made a breakthrough in petroleum relations. Rosneft received credits from Chinese banks against guaranteed supplies of oil; lobbied for the construction of a spur to China from the Eastern Siberia-Pacific Ocean pipeline system; dramatically increased oil exports to China; let CNPC and Sinopec enter the Russian upstream; cooperated with them abroad; sold some of its shares to CNPC, and consolidated its position in China's downstream. The state company is fulfilling the government's strategic plans on the diversification of markets for hydrocarbons and the development of the East of the country, while simultaneously influencing state energy policy. Rosneft has its own long-term plans to become an international energy corporation and it is pursuing the internationalization of its business, including in the Asia-Pacific markets. Yet thanks to China, Rosneft is also supporting its short-term corporate interests: the first two loans were used to pay for the acquisition of Yukos, and now it plans to attract the Chinese money to buy TNK-BP. Therefore, the key question remains: Do its corporate interests correspond to the long-term goals of Russia, in so far as they place the country in a position of dependence on China? (author)

Discrimination between biological interfaces and crystal-packing contacts

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yuko Tsuchiya

2008-11-01

Full Text Available Yuko Tsuchiya1, Haruki Nakamura2, Kengo Kinoshita1,31Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minatoku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan; 2Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; 3Bioinformatics Research and Development, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, JapanAbstract: A discrimination method between biologically relevant interfaces and artificial crystal-packing contacts in crystal structures was constructed. The method evaluates protein-protein interfaces in terms of complementarities for hydrophobicity, electrostatic potential and shape on the protein surfaces, and chooses the most probable biological interfaces among all possible contacts in the crystal. The method uses a discriminator named as “COMP”, which is a linear combination of the complementarities for the above three surface features and does not correlate with the contact area. The discrimination of homo-dimer interfaces from symmetry-related crystal-packing contacts based on the COMP value achieved the modest success rate. Subsequent detailed review of the discrimination results raised the success rate to about 88.8%. In addition, our discrimination method yielded some clues for understanding the interaction patterns in several examples in the PDB. Thus, the COMP discriminator can also be used as an indicator of the “biological-ness” of protein-protein interfaces.Keywords: protein-protein interaction, complementarity analysis, homo-dimer interface, crystal-packing contact, biological interfaces

The Illusive Nature of ‘Russian International Law

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gleb Bogush

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The monograph written by Estonian international law scholar Lauri Mälksoo is impressively well-timed. The record of recent international legal developments involving Russia is striking: the annexation of Crimea and the armed conflict in Ukraine, Russia’s ‘sanctions war’ with the United States and the European Union, nonrecognition and non-compliance with the international arbitral award in the Yukos case, and earlier, in 2013, Russia’s boycott of the proceedings at the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. Most recently, already subsequent to the publication of Russian Approaches to International Law, in July 2015 the Russian Constitutional Court sent a message of open disregard to Strasbourg by declaring that the judgments of the European Court of Human Rights could not be implemented in Russia if they contradicted the Russian Constitution. In all these instances the Russian government relied on its own reading of international law, which appeared not only to be strikingly different from that of the vast majority of states, but often detrimental to the foundations of the discipline. One might wonder whether these events are just the excesses of authoritarian power-politics, or more fundamentally grounded. Specifically, is there any special Russian international school of legal thought (referred to below as ‘Russian international law’? And if there is, may it serve as a plausible alternative to Western-centric contemporary international law? Lauri Mälksoo’s book is the first genuine response to these questions.

1998 report on development of high-efficiency waste power generation technology. 2. Development of waste gasification and ash melting power generation technology; 1998 nendo kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Haikibutsu gas ka yoyu hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

In regard to waste gasification and ash melting power generation, a basic test and examination were conducted in fiscal 1998, with a full-scale development test made ready to start. In the development of technology for raising steam temperature, evaluation of high temperature corrosivity of SH materials and development of high-temperature dust removal system were carried out for example, as were development of dechlorination technology for thermal decomposition process and development of ceramic high-temperature air heater. In the development of technology to prevent exhaust gas reheating, preliminary examination was made on denitrification technologies using a catalyst with superior low-temperature activity. In the development of technology to reduce self-heat melting critical calorific value, investigation and basic test were carried out concerning a stable waste feed system, with a pilot test device experimentally manufactured and tested based on the findings. In the development of technology for reducing external fuel input, examination and analysis were performed on pretreatment techniques for waste plastics, with basic data obtained for a waste blowing system project. In addition, the thermal decomposition and combustion characteristics of waste plastics were clarified by the basic test. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the plan to implement the model project for effective utilization of blast furnace gas pressure energy and the potential survey of the spread in India; 1999 nendo Indo ni okeru koro gas atsuryoku energy yuko riyo model jigyo jisshi keikaku oyobi fukyu kanosei chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

As to the implementation of 'the model project for effective utilization of blast furnace gas pressure energy' and the possibility of spreading the said technology, survey/study were conducted, and the results were reported. The enterprise implementing the model project, Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL), has been investing a total of 300 billion yen in modernizing facility/equipment after the liberalization in 1992, which is a cause of a large amount of deficit. About SAIL' cash flow, it is expected that SAIL will go into the black after tax in and after 2002. Local financial institutions are careful in investing in the iron/steel industry, but they have no problems in their own financing ability. In the evaluation of economical efficiency on the commercial basis, it is difficult to implement this model if using power prices, customs duties and borrowing rates in India as conditions. However, when preferential measures such as the exemption from taxation and help to borrowing rates are taken for energy conservation facility/equipment and the cost reduction is realized by technical cooperation, etc., it will be possible to recover the investment in 5 years. As to the possibility of spreading this model, the blast furnace with a capacity of 1000{sup 3} or more is targeted, and the number of the targeted blast furnace is 23. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1993 report on results of R and D on innovative technology for producing advanced biomaterial. Peptide applied carbon dioxide fixation/effective utilization technology (First volume); 1993 nendo senshin bio zairyo no sosei kako gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. 1. Peptide oyo nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

Technology is being developed for preparing functional materials by synthesizing new functional peptides in which non-natural amino acid needed for the functional manifestation is introduced, and by modifying the surface of a base plate such as silica glass by using such peptides. Activities were conducted in the three areas of (1) creation of functional molecules, (2) materialization technology, and (3) comprehensive investigation and research; the activities were carried out independently and parallelly in the first two areas. In (1), design technique for the structures and functions of peptides was developed, as were conformational control technique, synthesis of peptides having optical/electronic functions, peptide synthesis by an enzyme method, and R and D on introduction of non-natural amino acid into peptides; in (2), element technologies were developed such as substrate forming technique (pattern forming and thin film forming technology), substrate modification technique, development of reagent for binding peptide onto a substrate, and R and D on creation of biomaterials having molecular recognition function and its stabilization technique. In (3), progress control in promoting themes and a meeting for exchanging information were conducted, while survey on related element technologies was systematically and comprehensively carried out. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1994 report on results of R and D on innovative technology for producing advanced biomaterial. Technology of fixation and utilization of carbon dioxide using peptides; 1994 nendo senshin bio zairyo no sosei kako gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Pepuchido oyo nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

R and D of a material was conducted that has a function of fixation of carbon dioxide for example, by synthesizing non-natural amino acids required for the manifestation of the function, incorporating the amino acids into new bio-functional peptides to be synthesized, and fixing the peptides on a substrate. Activities were carried out in three areas, which were (1) innovative technologies for producing functional molecules: R and D concerning structural and functional design of peptides, conformational control technique, preparation of peptides with photoelectric conversion function, peptide synthesis using enzyme, and method of incorporating non-natural amino acids into peptides, (2) R and D on materialization technologies of functional molecules: formation of film onto a substrate, pattern forming technique, substrate modification technique, peptide binding reagent or linker, and development of technologies for creation of biomaterials having molecular recognition function and their stabilization. and (3) comprehensive investigation and adjustment (operation of information exchange conference and adjustment of the progress). In (2), an examination was made on the effect of polymerization on functions, for example, by fixing molecular recognition peptides in monomers and polymers on a catalyst support. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 project of inviting proposals for international joint research - invitation for international proposal (Power generation No.4). Achievement report on effective utilization of waste heat energy; 2000 nendo kokusai kyodo kenkyu teian kobo jigyo - kokusai teian kobo (hatsuden No.4). Hainetsu energy no yuko riyo seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Endeavors are exerted to develop a medium temperature thermoelectric module technology, which is one of energy/environment related technologies, in cooperation with Russia. The ultimate goal of this technology is to develop a hybrid power generation system which utilizes waste heat. Activities are conducted in three fields involving (1) the basic concept and design of thermoelectric power generation systems, (2) development of thermoelectric power generation systems, and (3) others, including the goal and self-evaluation. Summarized in field (2) are the overall activity plan, development of medium temperature thermoelectric power generation modules, development of cascade type hybrid modules, development of thermoelectric power generation systems, results of thermoelectric power generation system evaluation tests, and technical problems. Carried out for the development of thermoelectric power generation systems are the development of a medium temperature p-type thermoelectric power generation material Mn-Si, development of a method for synthesizing the Mn-Si material, and the development of a medium temperature n-type thermoelectric power generation material Co-Sb. Various methods are studied relative to the fabrication of electrodes, and the thermal spraying method is employed for a success in the development of a medium temperature thermoelectric power generation module of Mn-Si(p)/Co-Sb(n) for the first time in the world. (NEDO)

Resources, environment and solid waste management; Shigen {center{underscore}dot} kankyo mondai to haikibutsu shori no tenkai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takeda, Nobuo [Kyoto University, Kyoto (Japan). Department of Environmental Engineering

1999-09-20

Solid waste management should be considered in close relation to conservation of energy and resources. The history and situation of solid waste management in Japan is outlined and the new concept of waste management is discussed for sustainable development. (author)

Report on a survey in fiscal 1999. Supplementary survey on research and development of carbon dioxide fixation and effective utilization technologies utilizing bacteria and algae (the survey on feasibility of bio-technologies to create economic effects, such as the biological CO2 fixation technology); 1999 nendo saikin sorui nado riyo nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu futai chosa. Keizaiteki koka wo soshutsusuru seibutsuteki CO{sub 2} koteigijutsu nado no biotechnology no kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Bio-technologies including the biological CO2 fixation technology, or the green bio-technologies (GBT) are the technologies indispensable in realizing the change to a resource circulating and environment harmonizing society that accompanies economical growth, or in other words, the 'sustainable development'. In quantifying the feasibility of these technologies, the GBTs that contribute to creating Japan's international competitive power and employment were specified, and an approach to establish the realization target in 2010 was adopted, upon identifying the general condition of the related markets inside and outside the country. The GBT is the technology that makes the best use of Japan's independent strength created by combining the enzyme engineering and fermentation engineering with the 'genome science' (HEART). The targets are to substitute four million kiloliters of petroleum with a resource circulation type energy generated by the bio-technology; apply the bio-technology to about 30% of products and processes produced or used in Japan's chemical industries; and aim at creating markets by using environmental measurement and analysis, treatment of hard-to-decompose substances, and supports on tree planting as the three pillars. A simulation on return on investment in GBT business suggests the effect of promoting PFI. (NEDO)

Report on a survey in fiscal 1999. Supplementary survey on research and development of carbon dioxide fixation and effective utilization technologies utilizing bacteria and algae (the survey on feasibility of bio-technologies to create economic effects, such as the biological CO2 fixation technology); 1999 nendo saikin sorui nado riyo nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu futai chosa. Keizaiteki koka wo soshutsusuru seibutsuteki CO{sub 2} koteigijutsu nado no biotechnology no kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Bio-technologies including the biological CO2 fixation technology, or the green bio-technologies (GBT) are the technologies indispensable in realizing the change to a resource circulating and environment harmonizing society that accompanies economical growth, or in other words, the 'sustainable development'. In quantifying the feasibility of these technologies, the GBTs that contribute to creating Japan's international competitive power and employment were specified, and an approach to establish the realization target in 2010 was adopted, upon identifying the general condition of the related markets inside and outside the country. The GBT is the technology that makes the best use of Japan's independent strength created by combining the enzyme engineering and fermentation engineering with the 'genome science' (HEART). The targets are to substitute four million kiloliters of petroleum with a resource circulation type energy generated by the bio-technology; apply the bio-technology to about 30% of products and processes produced or used in Japan's chemical industries; and aim at creating markets by using environmental measurement and analysis, treatment of hard-to-decompose substances, and supports on tree planting as the three pillars. A simulation on return on investment in GBT business suggests the effect of promoting PFI. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the survey of the project to promote and support the formation of the environmentally friendly energy community. Feasibility study on the waste utilization high efficiency power generation project; Kankyo chowagata energy community keisei sokushin jigyo chosa hokokusho. Haikibutsu riyo kokoritsu hatsuden jigyo ni kakawaru FS chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

An investigational study was conducted on energy recovery (power generation) in disposal of industrial waste. The capacity of power generation facilities in incineration processing of industrial waste reached approximately 200,000kW (50 facilities) in the total nationwide. The incineration-processed waste is mainly chips of wood, waste tire and bagasse. Almost all the electric power is for non-utility use, and there are no examples of selling it outside. In the metropolitan area, there is only one example of the industrial waste incineration power generation in Tochigi prefecture. This is because there are extremely very few enterprises which are sources producing the waste as target. However, if the industrial waste market is targeted, there is a future. The industrial waste has a lot of disadvantages as power generation use fuel because of its diversification, but the use of it as fuel is technically easier than the use of the general waste as RDF. Accordingly, it can be used for power generation with no need of special technology or facilities. When picking up facilities with a potentiality of high efficiency power generation from the existing incinerators in operation of persons in charge of industrial waste processing, approximately 125,000 kW can be obtained only from remodeling of the existing facilities. (NEDO)

Big russian oil round

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Slovak, K.; Beer, G.

2006-01-01

The departure of Mikhail Khodorkovsky has brought an end to the idyllic times of supplies of Russian oil to the MOL-Slovnaft group. The group used to purchase oil directly from Yukos. But now brokers have again entered the Central European oil business. And their aim is to take control over all of the oil business. The Russians demonstrated the changed situation to Slovakia last autumn: you will either accept the new model, or there will be problems with oil deliveries. Consumers got the message. The main brokers of Russian oil in Central Europe are the Swiss companies Glencore and Fisotra. Little information is available regarding these commodity brokers. But the information available is sufficient to indicate that these are not small companies. Glencore undertakes 3% of all international oil trades. With an annual turnover of 72 billions USD, it was the biggest Swiss company by turnover in 2004. Fisotra also has an extensive product portfolio. It offers financial and commercial services and does not hide its good relations with Russian oil companies. Between 1994 and 1998, it managed their financial operations with major western companies such as BP, Cargill, Elf, Exxon, Shell, Total, and Mutsubishi and also with Glencore. Fisotra states that some of its clients achieved an annual turnover of 1.5 billions USD. At present, the Swiss brokers receive a fee of 1 to 1.5 USD per barrel. The Russian political elite must be aware of these brokerage services as the oil transport through the transit system is closely monitored by the state owned company Transneft. (authors)

Experimental study of water permeability in waste disposal facilities; Haikibutsu shori shisetsu no shisuisei ni kansuru jikkenteki kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Konishi, M; Shiraishi, H; Terada, M [Okumura Corp., Osaka (Japan)

1995-08-22

A cement-based filler is one of the back filling materials used in radioactive wastes disposal facilities. This paper describes fundamental tests performed on a filling material as to its filling performance, water permeation characteristics, and adsorption property to cerium by using the normal cement mortar (SM) that uses the water-to-cement ratio of 40% and the silica fume mortar (SFM). Furthermore, model wastes were fabricated by using a filling mortar of about 1 m{sup 3} and a 200-liter drum, which were used for tests on the filling and water cut-off performances. The result of the fundamental tests revealed the following matters: all of the materials show good filling performance and adsorbability when an adequate amount of high-performance water reducing agent is mixed; and the diffusion coefficient of the SFM is less than one tenth of that for the SM, showing high water cut-off effect. It was made clear from the tests using simulated test pieces that the Lugeon test value and water permeation coefficient of the SFM is less than half of that for the SM, and high water cut-off effect can be obtained by using the SFM. 11 refs., 8 figs., 4 tabs.

Report on investigations in fiscal 2000. International infrastructure improving project for rationalization of energy use (Fundamental survey on effective utilization of unutilized biomass energy in ASEAN countries); 2000 nendo kokusai energy shiyo gorika kiban seibi jigyo chosa hokokusho. ASEAN shokoku ni okeru miriyo baiomasu energy no yuko riyo ni kansuru kisochosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With an objective to utilize 'biomass' being the unutilized and reproducible energy source, which exists affluently in the ASEAN countries, investigations and discussions have been carried out on electric power generation using palm shells as fuel in Malaysia. This paper reports the achievement in fiscal 2000. The biomass energy plant project was discussed with the followings as the conditions: an output of 1 MW, use of biomass in the form of wastes discharged from oil palm mills, the system of direct combustion process with boiler/steam turbine generation process, and power transmission to public grids. As a result of the discussions, the following conclusions were obtained: reduction of greenhouse effect gas exhaust will amount to 81,540 t-CO2/year, reduction will be realized on white smoke pollution caused by wastes incineration being criticized from various sectors and such harmful gas exhaust as SOx and NOx discharged from fossil fuel power generation, the uncertainty of electric power supply currently depending on DG power generation will be mitigated resulting in acquisition of economic effects, and electric power supply to 1,000 households will be possible, contributing to enhancement of living standard due to electrification. (NEDO)

Generic supercritical water technology; Generic technology to shite no chorinkaisui riyo gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arai, K; Ajiri, M; Inomata, H; Smith, R; Hakuta, Y [Tohoku University, Sendai (Japan). Faculty of Engineering; Yokoyama, C [Tohoku University, Sendai (Japan). The Institute forChemical Reaction Science; Chin, L [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo, (Japan)

1997-02-01

This paper describes the measurement and analysis for clarifying solution structure of supercritical water and exhibition mechanism of solvent functions. It also describes the development of new processes using supercritical water as reaction solvent. The PVT measurements were conducted in the supercritical region using pure water and NaCl aqueous solution, to confirm the reduction of molar volume of the electrolyte solution. The hydration structure was examined in the supercritical aqueous solution by the molecular dynamic simulation. As a result, presence of hydrogen bond structure, where the contribution of two branching hydrogen bond can not be ignored, was suggested under the supercritical condition. Characteristics of supercritical aqueous solutions are analyzed through in-situ Raman and scattered X-ray spectral measurements. Moreover, this paper introduces developments of some processes in the supercritical water, such as decomposition of wasted polymers, recovery of chemical materials, reforming of heavy hydrocarbons by contact hydrogenation, and synthesis of fine powders of metal oxide by reaction crystallization.

Load leveling of the Tohoku Electric Power Co. Development of ice storage cold-water manufacturing unit/solid organic waste treatment equipment using midnight power for cold district; Tohoku Denryoku no fuka heijunka. Kori chikunetsu reisui seizo unit no kaihatsu, shin`ya denryoku riyo kanreichi muke kokei yuki haikibutsu shori sochi no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-10-01

An ice storage cold-water manufacturing unit that can manufacture cold water at a stable temperature near 0degC by using midnight power and a solid organic waste treatment facility were developed. The high-speed melting of ice is required to stabilize the cold-water temperature. Therefore, experimental investigation was performed. A piece of flake-shaped ice whose surface area and storage quality are balanced was used. A system that melts ice using the melting tank installed outside an icebox, and a high-speed melting system of ice based on the mixing unit installed in a melting tank were also used together. In the validation test of a prototype for smaller food factories, the following was confirmed. Manufacturing of cold water at about 1degC, amount of cooled water, stability of output water temperature for a change in water temperature, and good storage of ice in an icebox. In the prototype developed for a solid organic waste treatment facility, satisfactory performance was confirmed for following. Temperature in a fermenter when wastes were put, moisture content in a fermenter, pH value, net loss when the refuse of fish is put, and saving of an electricity rate. 6 figs., 2 tabs.

Report of high efficiency waste power generation technology development in 1995; Kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu (1995 nendo hokokusho)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

High temperature and high pressure steam has been investigated for the high efficiency waste power generation technology development. The steam temperature below 300 centigrade is currently employed to avoid the corrosion of superheater, and the generating efficiency is less than 15%. Practical application of 500 centigrade and 100 kg/cm{sup 2} is planned by developing corrosion resistance materials. Environmental load reduction technology has been also developed. For the external circulation type fluidized bed furnace combustion tests using dummy waste in fiscal 1995, the temperature control at bag filter was effective for suppressing the dioxins. When using waste plastics, HCl could be reduced by blowing Ca compounds. Various Cr-Ni-Mo-based alloys have been developed as a corrosion resistance superheater tube material, and are currently tested. For the environmental load reduction technology, the development of pulse plasma exhaust gas treatment method has been continued from fiscal 1993. In fiscal 1995, this method was confirmed using a small-scale test unit, and also tested using a 5000 Nm{sup 3}/h bench-scale unit. The removal rates of dioxins at the outlet of bag filter were 99.8% and 99.3%, respectively. They were found to be affected greatly by the pulse waveform. 13 refs., 107 figs., 24 tabs.

New owner selected by Kremlin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Beer, G.; Slovak, K.

2007-01-01

Today, we can say that with a high probability the new owner of a 49-percent stake in Transpetrol will become Gaspromneft, a subsidiary of the Russian giant Gasprom. The figures for last year were record-breaking. Revenues of 20.2 bil. USD and 3.6 bil. USD profit after tax. Slovakia has given in regarding the repurchase of Transpetrol shares. As an answer to TREND's question whether Slovakia would participate in the tender in which the bankruptcy trustee Eduard Rebun will offer for sale a company owning a stake in Transpetrol, the spokesman of the Ministry of Economy, Branislav Zvara, only provided a general answer that 'there are several solutions to this situation and so the representatives of all parties involved agreed that they would not inform the media before the transaction has been concluded. This concerns interim reports on progress should the situation develop in one of the expected directions.' In the opinion of Russian Prime Minister Mikhail Fradkov the fate of the 49-percent stake owned by the Dutch company Yukos Finance should develop in favour of Russia and Slovakia. The Russian Prime Minister made this announcement after his meeting with the Slovak Prime Minister, Robert Fico. 'At all management levels there is an action plan agreed and we will solve this issue in a way favourable for both the countries,' quoted press agency RIS Novosti M. Fradkov. The Kommersant daily developed its ideas even further saying that the Slovak government should exchange Transpetrol for 'the promise of oil and gas deliveries'. Currently, gas utility Slovensky plynarensky priemysel is negotiating a new gas delivery contract. (authors)

Gefarnate stimulates mucin-like glycoprotein secretion in conjunctival tissue and ameliorates corneal epithelial damage in animal dry-eye models

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dota A

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Atsuyoshi Dota, Yuko Takaoka-Shichijo, Masatsugu NakamuraOphthalmic Research and Development Center, Santen Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Ikoma-shi, Nara, JapanPurpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of gefarnate on mucin-like glycoprotein secretion in isolated rabbit conjunctival tissue, and on corneal epithelial damage in rabbit and cat dry-eye models.Methods: Conjunctival tissue isolated from rabbits was treated with gefarnate. Mucin-like glycoprotein was detected in the culture supernatant by an enzyme-linked lectin assay. Gefarnate ointment was topically applied to eyes once daily for 7 days in the rabbit dry-eye model, in which the lacrimal glands, Harderian gland, and nictitating membrane were removed, or for 4 weeks in the cat dry-eye model, in which the lacrimal gland and nictitating membrane were removed. Corneal epithelial damage was evaluated by measurement of corneal permeability by rose bengal in the rabbit model or by fluorescein staining in the cat model.Results: Gefarnate stimulated mucin-like glycoprotein secretion in conjunctival tissue in a dose-dependent manner. In the rabbit dry-eye model, application of gefarnate ointment to the eyes resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in rose bengal permeability in the cornea, with the effect being significant at concentrations of ≥0.3%. In the cat dry-eye model, application of gefarnate ointment resulted in a significant decrease in the corneal fluorescein staining score.Conclusion: These results suggest that gefarnate stimulates in vitro secretion of mucin-like glycoprotein in conjunctival tissue and ameliorates corneal epithelial damage in animal dry-eye models. Gefarnate may therefore be effective for treating dry eye.Keywords: gefarnate, fluorescein staining, rose bengal permeability, rabbit, cat, dry eye

Anti-inflammatory drugs for Duchenne muscular dystrophy: focus on skeletal muscle-releasing factors

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miyatake S

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Shouta Miyatake,1 Yuko Shimizu-Motohashi,2 Shin’ichi Takeda,1 Yoshitsugu Aoki1 1Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan; 2Department of Child Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan Abstract: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD, an incurable and a progressive muscle wasting disease, is caused by the absence of dystrophin protein, leading to recurrent muscle fiber damage during contraction. The inflammatory response to fiber damage is a compelling candidate mechanism for disease exacerbation. The only established pharmacological treatment for DMD is corticosteroids to suppress muscle inflammation, however this treatment is limited by its insufficient therapeutic efficacy and considerable side effects. Recent reports show the therapeutic potential of inhibiting or enhancing pro- or anti-inflammatory factors released from DMD skeletal muscles, resulting in significant recovery from muscle atrophy and dysfunction. We discuss and review the recent findings of DMD inflammation and opportunities for drug development targeting specific releasing factors from skeletal muscles. It has been speculated that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs targeting specific inflammatory factors are more effective and have less side effects for DMD compared with steroidal drugs. For example, calcium channels, reactive oxygen species, and nuclear factor-κB signaling factors are the most promising targets as master regulators of inflammatory response in DMD skeletal muscles. If they are combined with an oligonucleotide-based exon skipping therapy to restore dystrophin expression, the anti-inflammatory drug therapies may address the present therapeutic limitation of low efficiency for DMD. Keywords: calcium channels, ryanodine receptor 1, exon skipping, NF-κB, myokine, ROS

Research report for fiscal 1998. Research of feasibility of energy supply/demand structure overseas improvement (research of feasibility of more effective energy use for Russian energy consuming industries); 1998 nendo kaigai energy jukyu kozo kodoka jisshi kanosei chosa. Roshia no energy tashohi sangyo ni okeru energy yuko riyo nado jigyo jisshi kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

A report is made outlining the economic situation and industrial policies in Russia and the actual state of energy consuming industries (thermoelectric power generation, oil refining, and iron making) in that country. In Russia, energy efficiency is much lower than in advanced countries in the West, and the improvement of energy efficiency is a serious task to solve in the Russian fuel energy department. Cited to explain the poor efficiency are facilities growing antiquated, delay in the introduction of new technologies and instruments, insufficient maintenance, and the weak consciousness of energy saving. Although the electric power circle and energy related departments are conscious of the need of endeavors for improving energy efficiency, yet it is too difficult for corporations themselves to invest heavily in facilities. When Japan implements a model project for saving energy in Russia, it will be greatly contributing to the improvement of energy supply/demand in Russia, to the stabilization of social and economic states in that country, and to the prevention of global warming. (NEDO)

FY 1999 survey report on the survey on the role and course of the development of technology such as CO2 recovery, fixation and effective use in the industrial policy; 1999 nendo CO{sub 2} kaishu koteika yuko riyo nado gijutsu kaihatsu no sangyo seisakujo no ichizuke oyobi hokosei ni kansuru chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This paper aims at arranging and assessing the role of themes of the technology development such as CO2 recovery, fixation and effective use in the industrial policy and the results of the development. It also aims at analyzing factors to hinder technology development in comparison with the developmental trend of technology and the role in the industrial policy in foreign countries and at considering the future role in the industrial policy and the course to be taken. Judging from the number of projects and a variety of fields of technology, it could be said that the development of the related technology in Japan is at a top level the same as that in the U.S. In the present conditions, however, most of the technologies are at the stage of the basic research. In many of the research fields except a part like EOR, it is difficult to promote the research only by economical principles, and the government as core needs to promote it. As viewed from an international point, the development/commercialization of technology such as CO2 recovery, fixation and effective use are extremely important from an aspect of not only the heightening of competitiveness in the domestic industry, but Japan's international contribution in the 21st century. (NEDO)

Survey report for fiscal 1998. Survey of the current state and tasks of research and development of technologies for effectively utilizing CO{sub 2} fixation by higher vegetation; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Koto shokubutsu ni okeru nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu no genjo to kadai ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Investigations and studies are conducted seeking for a CO2 fixation method improved by utilizing the photosynthesizing function of higher vegetation. Details of higher vegetation genes are being disclosed thanks to the rapid progress of studies making use of molecular biological techniques, and the application of the genetic mechanism to scientific and technological fields is becoming increasingly feasible. In particular, the role of the CO2 fixation enzyme RuBisCO has been elucidated almost completely. It has been learned that, in terms of photosynthesizing capability, the C{sub 4} plants (corn etc.) are 2-3 times higher than the C{sub 3} plants (rice, wheat, etc.), and 5-10 times higher than the CAM plants (cactuses etc.). Studies are also under way about the rice genome so that a photosynthesizing capability so high as that of the C{sub 4} plants may be endowed the rice plant. The metabolism and control of useful substances produced in the CO2 fixation process etc. in the higher vegetation are being investigated, and it is now expected that some day such useful substances will be produced and utilized efficiently. Researches are under way into the relationship between the green leaf that is the organ that performs photosynthesis and the organ (sink) that stores and utilizes starch and sugar is in progress, and now a new field is going to open where vegetables will be fully utilized. (NEDO)

Guide for biogas energy utilization in Hokkaido; Hokkaido bio gas energy riyo guide

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of smoothly introducing biogas plants to Hokkaido in the future, the following were conducted: collection of the data on samples of development/introduction of biogas plants, survey of the organizations concerned, etc., study of economical efficiency, etc. Those were arranged as a guide for biogas energy utilization in Hokkaido. In the biogas plant, organic matters such as animal faces, garbage, etc. are anaerobicly fermented at medium temperatures between 35 and 38 degrees C or at about 55 degrees C to obtain biogas including methane gas of approximately 60%. From this gas, heat is obtained by gas boiler, and also electricity and heat are obtained by gas cogeneration or fuel cells. In the case of introducing the biogas plant using animal faces as raw material in Hokkaido, it is important to cover all the electricity and heat used to maintain the plant with the biogas obtained, from a viewpoint of economical efficiency. In the present situation, it is the most economical for each farmer to introduce an individual plant to be installed and to obtain the power generated and heat. (NEDO)

Causality analysis of alpha activities by multidimensional directed coherence; Tajigen yuko coherence ni yoru {alpha}ritsudo no ingasei kaiseki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sakata, O.; Shimada, N.; Shiina, T. [University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba (Japan); Saito, Y.; Imanishi, N.

1998-07-01

Alpha activities as a basic component of EEG (electroencephalogram) are mainly observed with eye-closed and reported state, and indicates rhythmic and diffused pattern on the scalp. Therefore analysis of the relation among many sequences of alpha activities measured at different positions on the scalp is expected to be useful not only for diagnosing psychiatric but also for investigating mechanism of brain information processing by means of causality analysis that is, macroscopic estimation of flow pattern within brain. Although coherence analysis has been proposed as a method for estimating the direction and magnitude of information flow between two sequences, superposition of results for each pair of sequences can not represent true relation among the whole sequences. In this paper, we proposed the multidimensional directed coherence analysis by modifying two-channel formula in order to apply it to the analysis of multi-channel sequence of alpha activities. Results of simulation revealed that multidimensional directed coherence can indicate more quantitatively the relation among the multi-channel sequences compared with conventional two-channel formula. Moreover, the proposed method was applied to the analysis of EEG data of normal volunteer and patient. Results show the method can provide a useful diagnostic information by assessment of the signal flow pattern within brain. 16 refs., 10 figs.

Survey for preparing the database for R and D of new engines. Waste power generation, solar heat system, geothermal power generation, clean energy vehicle, coal liquefaction/gasification, and combined systems; Shin energy gijutsu kaihatsu kankei data shu sakusei chosa. Haikibutsu hatsuden, taiyonetsu riyo, chinetsu hatsuden, clean energy jidosha, sekitan ekika gas ka oyobi odanteki tema

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The present developmental conditions and issues of new energies are systematically arranged for effective promotion of their diffusion. One hundred and forty six general waste power generation facilities of 558,000kW are in operation in 1995, and among them 89 facilities supplies 1,080 GWh to power companies. 50 industrial waste power facilities of 247,000kW are in operation. 20,000 solar systems and 180,000 hot water heaters are in operation in 1995. Commercial geothermal power generation facilities of 490,000kW and private ones of 36,000kW are in operation. Introduction of expensive clean energy vehicles is making very slow progress. The pilot study on bituminous coal liquefaction is in promotion mainly by NEDO. The experiment of entrained bed coal gasification in Nakoso was successfully completed, and development of a commercial plant is to be expected. Power rates of 10 power companies were reduced in 1996, and unit purchase prices of surplus power of photovoltaic and wind power generation were also revised. The new menu and unit purchase price were announced in 1996 for surplus power of waste power generation and fuel cell. 67 figs., 284 tabs.

FY 2001 report on the results of the survey of the environmentally friendly type energy community project. Utilization of combustible waste as solid fuel in Shimizu City, Shizuoka Prefecture, and the wide spread sphere of municipalities (Facilities such as RDF+LNG combined use high efficiency waste power generation); 2001 nendo Shizuoka ken shimizu shi oyobi koiki shichoson ken ni okeru kanensei haikibutsu kokeika nenryo riyo kankyo chowa gata energy komyuniti keisei sokushin hojo jigyo chosa (RDF+LNG heiyo kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden tou shisetsu) chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2002-03-01

Survey/study were conducted of viability of an idea of the high efficiency power generation that combinedly use RDF from the refuse generated in Shizuoka/Yamanashi/Nagano prefectures and LNG from the LNG base in Shimizu City, Shizuoka Prefecture. In the survey of raw materials for RDF, the present amount that can be supplied to RDF power generation was estimated at 280 t/d in RDF and 4,300 Kcal/kg or more in heating value. As to the RDF/LNG combination power generation, combinations of RDF200t/d + 25MW (capacity of gas turbine power generation) or RDF200t/d + 70MW seem to be appropriate. And, 30% or more of RDF power generation efficiency is made possible. In the study of economical efficiency, expenses born by local governments were calculated supposing that the difference between the unit price of power selling and that of power generation in power generation is born by RDF suppliers. As a result, the share becomes approximately 8,600-12,000 yen/refuse t in 15-year operation, and was found lower than that in the existing small-/medium-scale refuse incineration treatment. The combustion flue gas associated with the power generation business becomes approximately 300,000 Nm{sup 3}/h. The gas turbine fuel is natural gas, and RDF is good in combustibility. Therefore, the effect on the environment is expected to be small. (NEDO)

Efficacy and safety of combination therapy with latanoprost after a change in therapeutic regimen from timolol to brinzolamide in Japanese adult patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension: open, non-randomized 12-week study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shusaku Ishikawa

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Shusaku Ishikawa1, Yoshimi Nakamura1, Yuko Nakamura1, Hiroshi Sakai1, Shoichi Sawaguchi1, Kazuo Terashima2, Makoto Kanno2, Hidetoshi Yamashita21Department of Ophthalmology, University of the Ryukyus Faculty of Medicine, Okinawa, Japan; 2Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, JapanPurpose: To compare the efficacy of brinzolamide in Japanese patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG or ocular hypertension (OH after a change from timolol in combination therapy with latanoprost.Methods: A 12-week, prospective, open-label, comparative study was performed in 20 patients [11 males and 9 females, mean age of 64.5 ± 11.0 (SDy] with POAG or OH treated with both latanoprost once daily and timolol 0.5% twice daily. During the study brinzolamide was substituted for timolol. Intraocular pressure (IOP was measured at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Blood pressure (BP, pulse rate (PR, and adverse events were also recorded.Results: IOPs at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks were 18.6 ± 2.1 mmHg, 17.8 ± 2.6 mmHg, 17.4 ± 2.5 mmHg, and 17.3 ± 3.5 mmHg, respectively. IOP reduction at 4 and 8 weeks was statistically significant (p < 0.05. The PR was significantly increased at 12 weeks (p < 0.01, but BP was not significantly affected. Four ocular adverse events were noted, but all were mild and transient.Conclusions: Substituting brinzolamide 1% for timolol 0.5% in combination therapy with latanoprost 0.005% demonstrated significant IOP reduction with improvement in PR with POAG or OH. Combination therapy using latanoprost and brinzolamide may be recommended for better IOP control with fewer systemic adverse events.Keywords: open-angle glaucoma, brinzolamide/latanprost combination therapy, timolol/latanoprost combination therapy, intraocular pressure

Proceedings of the 11th Thermal and Fluids Analysis Workshop

Science.gov (United States)

Sakowski, Barbara

2002-07-01

The Eleventh Thermal & Fluids Analysis WorkShop (TFAWS 2000) was held the week of August 21-25 at The Forum in downtown Cleveland. This year's annual event focused on building stronger links between research community and the engineering design/application world and celebrated the theme "Bridging the Gap Between Research and Design". Dr. Simon Ostrach delivered the keynote address "Research for Design (R4D)" and encouraged a more deliberate approach to performing research with near-term engineering design applications in mind. Over 100 persons attended TFAWS 2000, including participants from five different countries. This year's conference devoted a full-day seminar to the discussion of analysis and design tools associated with aeropropulsion research at the Glenn Research Center. As in previous years, the workshop also included hands-on instruction in state-of-the-art analysis tools, paper sessions on selected topics, short courses and application software demonstrations. TFAWS 2000 was co-hosted by the Thermal/Fluids Systems Design and Analysis Branch of NASA GRC and by the Ohio Aerospace Institute and was co-chaired by Barbara A. Sakowski and James R. Yuko. The annual NASA Delegates meeting is a standard component of TFAWS where the civil servants of the various centers represented discuss current and future events which affect the Community of Applied Thermal and Fluid ANalystS (CATFANS). At this year's delegates meeting the following goals (among others) were set by the collective body of delegates participation of all Centers in the NASA material properties database (TPSX) update: (1) developing and collaboratively supporting multi-center proposals; (2) expanding the scope of TFAWS to include other federal laboratories; (3) initiation of a white papers on thermal tools and standards; and (4) formation of an Agency-wide TFAWS steering committee.

Research and development of system to utilize photovoltaic energy. Survey on system and peripheral technologies for utilization of photovoltaic power; Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system no kenkyu kaihatsu. Riyo system ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

This paper reports the survey results on systems and peripheral technologies for use of PV power in fiscal 1994. On the case study of PV communities, as housing zone PV community, Seibu Kitanodai housing estate mainly composed of detached houses, and the Suwa area of Tama New Town of apartment houses were selected to study PV power generation on a roof, wall and window. The result clarified that generated energy of a detached house reaches 3-4 times as much as consumed one, that of an apartment house is nearly equal to consumed one, and power generation of nearly 380MW is possible based on expected housing supply until 2000. As urban core zone PV community, the survey result on Ebisu Garden Place clarified that the expected PV power supply rate is 10% or more, 20% and 30% or more for hotel and office buildings, high-rise apartment building more than 30 stories, and medium-rise one of 10 and several stories, respectively. In Sakura industrial estate, the maximum generated power was nearly equal to consumed power in a weekday, and as inverse power flow in a holiday was considered, the annual PV power supply rate was extremely high.

Survey of consolidation for gas turbine re-powering combined WPP (waste power plant) project; Gas turbine repowering haikibutsu fukugo hatsuden system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

This report describes the survey of gas turbine re-powering combined WPP (or super WPP), which was commercialized by Gunma Prefecture for the first time as an electric power wholesaler in Japan. An outline of the survey is introduced. The system optimization for the commercialization of WPP was studied by considering waste as un-utilized energy. A successful condition and preparation method of the commercialization of a public power plant was also studied, which is a combination of the garbage collection business of a local government and an electric power generation business of a municipal company. For the introduction of the aforementioned system, the problems and supporting methods were studied by making allowance for the profitability of the WPP introduction, because they also need to deliberate it from the economical point of view as electric power companies. Based on the results of foregoing items, commercialization plans, problems encountered from the construction phase through the maintenance and service phase, and the supporting method were arranged. 30 figs., 18 tabs.

Report on the fiscal 1996 development of high efficient waste power generation technology; 1996 nendo kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The technical development was made by which high-temperature/high-pressure steam is generated in the incineration furnace using general waste, combustible industrial waste, etc. as fuel to generate power high efficiently, and reliability of the superheater, etc. was verified by the pilot plant. For it, the following were conducted: development of element technology (high-temperature/high-efficiency combustion furnace, corrosion resistant super heater materials, environmental load reduction technology) and the demonstration (demonstrative test in pilot plant, study of an optimum total system). In relation to the external circulation type fluidized bed furnace, reformation was made which enables simultaneous sampling of dioxins, etc. The combustion test was done using the reformed combustion testing furnace to obtain the data necessary for the study of formation/decomposition mechanism of dioxin. The amount of corrosion reduction of superheater sample material for pilot plant use was determined. A study was made of improvement of removal of dioxins and NOx in the pulse plasma exhaust gas treatment method. The pilot plant was installed. 10 refs., 205 figs., 79 tabs.

Fiscal 1996 survey report on the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system feasibility study. Survey by region/industry in India; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa. Indo ni okeru sekitan riyo gaikyo chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

A survey was made in India which is a coal producing/consuming country following China in Asia and where coal is used for about 60% of the primary commercial energy. The survey was conducted on coal production/distribution/utilization and environmental issues, aiming at studying feasibility of introducing the environmentally friendly coal utilization system into every industry including the residential/commercial one, and at implementing a comprehensive master plan including Japan`s international cooperation. Total power source facilities in fiscal 1995 are 83.3 million kW, 64% of which are coal thermal power facilities and generated 260 TWh, 69% of the total output energy. Main commercial energy sources are coal, oil and natural gas, and oil is self-sufficient. The survey this time did not examine very well the actual state of the environmental pollution problem caused by the coal utilization. Indian coal is high in ash content but low in sulfur content, and therefore, SOx polluting air has not been a very important problem so far, but soot/smoke is almost the problem. Further, ash treatment after combustion at boilers, etc. is expected to be a big problem in the future. 49 figs., 88 tabs.

Fiscal 1993 report on results of R and D on innovative technology for producing advanced biomaterial. Peptide applied carbon dioxide fixation/effective utilization technology (Second volume: comprehensive investigation and research); 1993 nendo senshin bio zairyo no sosei kako gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (sogo chosa kenkyu). 2. Peptide oyo nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

Technology was developed for preparing functional materials by synthesizing new functional peptides in which non-natural amino acid needed for the functional manifestation was introduced, and by fixing the peptides to the surface of a base plate such as silica glass or modifying the surface with them. As the related technological investigation, the following six areas were surveyed. (1) Structural design of peptides, (2) synthesis of peptides by chemical and enzyme methods, (3) synthesis of non-natural amino acid and its introduction into peptides, (4) structural analysis of peptides, (5) physiological activity of peptides, and (6) materialization and functional manifestation of peptides. With the exception of the area (5) consisting of one advanced research case, other areas were constituted of analysis, general remarks and research cases. The area (6) was constituted of materialization technique 1 and 2, film function and peptide, catalytic action 1 and 2, and one research case; the materialization technique was defined as a technique for modifying the surface of a synthetic resin, metallic or silica glass substrate with functional peptides; and an explanation was given to the present state of the fixation, pattern formation and integration technologies. (NEDO)

6th Conference on Coal Utilization Technology; Dai 6 kai sekitan riyo gijutsu kaigi koenshu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-09-01

The paper compiled the papers presented in the 6th Conference on Coal Utilization Technology held in September 1996. With relation to the fluidized bed boiler, reported were Field operation test of Wakamatsu PFBC combined cycle power plant and Development of pressurized internally circulating fluidized bed combustion technology. Regarding the coal reformation, Development of advanced coal cleaning process, Coal preparation and coal cleaning in the dry process, etc. Concerning the combustion technology, Study of the O2/CO2 combustion technology, Development of pressurized coal partial combustor, etc. About the CWM, Development of low rank coals upgrading and their CWM producing technology, Technique of CWM distribution system, etc. Relating to the coal ash, Engineering characteristics of the improved soil by deep mixing method using coal ash, Employment of fluidized bed ash as a basecourse material, On-site verification trials using fly ash for reclamation behind bulkheads, Water permeabilities of pulverized fuel ash, Separation of unburned carbon from coal fly ash through froth flotation, Practical use technology of coal ash (POZ-O-TEC), etc

Collection of outlines of Sunshine Program achievement reports for fiscal 1988. Solar energy (Light utilizing technology and heat utilizing technology); 1988 nendo sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho gaiyoshu. Taiyo energy (hikari riyo gijutsu / netsu riyo gijutsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1989-04-01

Collected concerning the research and development of photovoltaic power systems are the basic research on solar cells; research and development of new-type photovoltaic power systems; and research and development of amorphous solar cells. Collected concerning the development of technologies for the practical application of photovoltaic power systems are the experiment, refining, and verification of low-cost silicon; experiment, fabrication, and verification of solar panels; research on the practical application of high-efficiency crystal-based solar cells; research and development of amorphous solar cells; research and development of solar cell evaluation systems; development of peripheral technologies; research and development of photovoltaic power-aided systems; research and development of centralized photovoltaic power systems; and development of photothermal hybrid type photovoltaic power systems. Collected concerning heat-utilizing technologies are the research and development of solar thermal electric power generation systems; research and development of solar air-conditioners and hot water supply systems; and development of practical application technologies for industrial solar systems. Collected also are international cooperative projects on solar energy technologies. (NEDO)

Collection of outlines of Sunshine Program achievement reports for fiscal 1989. Solar energy (Light utilizing technology and heat utilizing technology); 1989 nendo sunshine keikaku seika hokokusho gaiyoshu. Taiyo energy (hikari riyo gijutsu / netsu riyo gijutsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1990-04-01

Collected concerning the research and development of photovoltaic power systems are the basic research on solar cells; research and development of new-type photovoltaic power systems; and research and development of amorphous solar cells. Collected concerning the development of technologies for the practical application of photovoltaic power systems are the research on the practical application of new-type solar cells; research on the practical application of amorphous solar cells; research and development of solar cell evaluation systems; research and development of peripheral technologies; research and development of photovoltaic power-aided systems; research and development of centralized photovoltaic power systems; and research and development of photothermal hybrid photovoltaic power systems. Collected concerning heat application technologies are the research and development of solar thermal energy systems; development of practical application technologies for solar systems for industrial use etc.; and cooperative projects between Japan and Australia etc. on solar energy technologies. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 report on the development of high-efficiency refuse-fueled power generation technology; Kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu 2000 nendo hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Efforts were made to develop a refuse gasification/fusion power generation technology to contribute to the effective utilization of unexploited energy and to reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Developed in the technology of elevating steam temperature were the evaluation of high-temperature corrosion of SH materials and a high temperature dust removing system, dechlorination technology for the thermolysis process, and a ceramic-made high-temperature air heater. For the avoidance of exhaust gas reheating, development was carried out for a low-temperature denitration unit, stable refuse feeding system for reduction in the self-heat melting critical calorific value, waste plastic injection technology for reduction in the amount of external fuel injection, and so forth. The effect of the developed element technologies were evaluated and a detailed feasibility study was conducted for a refuse gas conversion power generation system using gas engine power generation for minor-scale general waste treatment facilities. In the survey of the trend of refuse-fueled power generation technologies, trend in Japan and advanced refuse-fueled power generation systems and their introduction in Europe and America were investigated. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in proliferation project to assist introduction of environment harmonizing type coal utilization system in fiscal 1998. Joint demonstration project for CMG recovery and utilization system in fiscal 1998 (utilization facilities); Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system donyu shien nado fukyu taisaku jigyo seika hokokusho. 1998 nendo CMG kaishu riyo system kyodo jissho jigyo (riyo setsubi)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-09-01

This paper describes the achievements of the discussions in fiscal 1998 on the utilization facilities related to the coal bed methane gas supply plan for the city of Tieling in China. The gas quality standard calls for 3,500 kcal/m{sup 3} or more (methane concentration of 41% or higher). The supply is planned to start in December 1999, and continue the supply of 141,000 Nm{sup 3}/day in 2000, and 212,000 Nm{sup 3}/day in 2001 and thereafter. A gas supply center to collect gases recovered from each mine will be installed in the vicinity of the existing gas holder located about 2 km east of the Tiefa Mining Bureau. The Japanese side bears the cost of installing a gas compression and transportation facility for gas supply to the city of Tieling, a monitoring system, and devices for comprehensive surveillance system. This paper shows the overall plan drawings, the drain separator room building plan, the plans for arranging devices in the machine room, and the piping scheme. In addition, the piping plan around the gas holder, and the basic device plan are shown. Also appearing in the paper are the machine summary drawings, summarized flow charts, gas holder plan, de-humidifier plan, and electricity and instrumentation plans. The main body and supporting structure for the gas holder, and the foundation strength calculation sheets are also shown. Descriptions are given also on the facilities to deal with variation in demand quantity and supply quantity. (NEDO)

Study on utilization of shallow sea area by building an alga field. Discussions on its utilization for cultivating Ulvales; Sojo zosei ni yoru senkaiiki riyo no kenkyu. Anaaosa no baiyo to sono riyo ni kansuru kento

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tsuno, M.; Maebayashi, M. [Hokkaido Electric Power Co. Inc., Sapporo (Japan)

1997-03-25

Discussions were given on mass cultivation in a water tank using sea water of an alga Ulvales used as feed for sea urchins and abalone. A fertilizer composed of ammonium sulfate and superphosphate of lime was used, and a water temperature was set as the environmental condition. Two kinds of Ulvales produced in different areas were used. One of the two kinds had full growth periodical and weight increasing rate low, but the other Ulvales had high weight increasing rate and no blights in alga bodies, and was found suitable for mass production. The result of a test on stocks of the latter species may be described as follows: multiple regression formulas for harvest, water temperature and illumination intensity were introduced for each cultivating condition for four cases regarding accommodation density and harvest frequency; and if a cultivating condition by which the harvest is maximized is adopted, a one cubic meter water tank placed on a place with good sunlight may be expected of producing as much harvest as 2181 grams at water temperature of 15{degree}C and 4899 grams at 25{degree}C. The cultivation requires the following precautions: aeration is required; sea water should be introduced into the tank; a mixed fertilizer with ratio of ammonium sulfate at 100 to superphosphate of lime at 15 may be used; water temperatures suitable for mass cultivation are 13 to 15{degree}C or higher; and light must be irradiated evenly. 14 refs., 9 figs., 5 tabs.

Benefits of use, and tolerance of, medium-chain triglyceride medical food in the management of Japanese patients with Alzheimer’s disease: a prospective, open-label pilot study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ohnuma T

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Tohru Ohnuma, Aiko Toda, Ayako Kimoto, Yuto Takebayashi, Ryoko Higashiyama, Yuko Tagata, Masanobu Ito, Tsuneyoshi Ota, Nobuto Shibata, Heii Arai Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University Alzheimer’s Disease Project, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan Objectives: This is the first clinical trial of this type in Japan, designed to analyze two important aspects of Alzheimer’s disease (AD management using medium-chain triglycerides. Axona was administered for 3 months (40 g of powder containing 20 g of caprylic triglycerides. We used an indurating, four-step dose-titration method (from 10 to 40 g per day for 7 days before the trial, and examined the tolerance and adverse effects of this intervention. We also investigated its effect on cognitive function in mild-to-moderate AD patients.Patients and methods: This was a clinical intervention in 22 Japanese patients with sporadic AD at a mild-to-moderate stage (ten females, 12 males, mean age (± standard deviation 63.9 (±8.5 years, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE score, 10–25, seven patients were ApoE4-positive. During Axona administration, we examined changes in cognitive function by obtaining MMSE and AD assessment-scale scores. Intolerance and serum ketone concentrations were also examined.Results: The tolerance of Axona was good, without severe gastrointestinal adverse effects. Axona did not improve cognitive function in our sample of AD patients, even in those patients without the ApoE4 allele. However, some ApoE4-negative patients with baseline MMSE score ≥14 showed improvement in their cognitive functions.Conclusion: The modified dose-titration method, starting with a low dose of Axona, decreased gastrointestinal adverse effects in Japanese patients. Axona might be effective for some relatively mildly affected patients with AD (with cognitive function MMSE score of ≥14 and lacking the ApoE4 allele. Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, medium-chain triglycerides

FGF23 modulates the effects of erythropoietin on gene expression in renal epithelial cells

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yashiro M

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Mitsuru Yashiro,1 Masaki Ohya,1 Toru Mima,1 Yumi Ueda,2 Yuri Nakashima,1 Kazuki Kawakami,1 Yohei Ishizawa,2 Shuto Yamamoto,1 Sou Kobayashi,1 Takurou Yano,1 Yusuke Tanaka,1 Kouji Okuda,1 Tomohiro Sonou,1 Tomohiro Shoshihara,1 Yuko Iwashita,1 Yu Iwashita,1 Kouichi Tatsuta,1 Ryo Matoba,2 Shigeo Negi,1 Takashi Shigematsu1 1Department of Nephrology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan; 2DNA Chip Research Inc., Minato, Japan Background: FGF23 plays an important role in calcium–phosphorus metabolism. Other roles of FGF23 have recently been reported, such as commitment to myocardium enlargement and immunological roles in the spleen. In this study, we aimed to identify the roles of FGF23 in the kidneys other than calcium–phosphorus metabolism. Methods: DNA microarrays and bioinformatics tools were used to analyze gene expression in mIMCD3 mouse renal tubule cells following treatment with FGF23, erythropoietin and/or an inhibitor of ERK. Results: Three protein-coding genes were upregulated and 12 were downregulated in response to FGF23. Following bioinformatics analysis of these genes, PPARγ and STAT3 were identified as candidate transcript factors for mediating their upregulation, and STAT1 as a candidate for mediating their downregulation. Because STAT1 and STAT3 also mediate erythropoietin signaling, we investigated whether FGF23 and erythropoietin might show interactive effects in these cells. Of the 15 genes regulated by FGF23, 11 were upregulated by erythropoietin; 10 of these were downregulated following cotreatment with FGF23. Inhibition of ERK, an intracellular mediator of FGF23, reversed the effects of FGF23. However, FGF23 did not influence STAT1 phosphorylation, suggesting that it impinges on erythropoietin signaling through other mechanisms. Conclusion: Our results suggest cross talk between erythropoietin and FGF23 signaling in the regulation of renal epithelial cells. Keywords: FGF23, STAT1, PPARγ, DNA microarray

Comparison of DLK incidence after laser in situ keratomileusis associated with two femtosecond lasers: Femto LDV and IntraLase FS60

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tomita M

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Minoru Tomita,1–3 Yuko Sotoyama,1 Satoshi Yukawa,1 Tadayuki Nakamura1 1Shinagawa LASIK Center, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Eye Can Cataract Surgery Center, Manila, Philippines Purpose: To compare the incidence of diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK with flap creation using the Femto LDV and IntraLase™ FS60 femtosecond lasers. Methods: A total of 818 consecutive myopic eyes had LASIK performed using either Femto LDV or IntraLase FS60 for flap creation. The same excimer laser, the Allegretto Wave® Eye-Q Laser, was used for correcting refractive errors for all patients. In the preoperative examination, uncorrected distance visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity, and manifest refraction spherical equivalent were measured. At the postop examination, the same examinations were performed along with a slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination, and patients with DLK were classified into stages. For the statistical analysis of the DLK occurrence rate and the visual and refractive outcomes, the Mann-Whitney’s U-test was used. Results: In the Femto LDV group with 514 eyes, 42 (8.17% had DLK. In the IntraLase FS60 group with 304 eyes, 114 (37.5% had DLK. There was a statistically significant difference in the DLK incidence rate between these groups (P < 0.0001. Both groups had excellent visual and refractive outcomes. Although low levels of DLK were observed for both groups, they did not affect visual acuity. Conclusion: While there were significantly fewer incidences of low level DLK when using Femto LDV, neither femtosecond laser induced high levels of DLK, and any postoperative DLK cleared up within 1 week. Therefore, both lasers provide excellent results, with no clinical differences, and both excel at flap creation for LASIK. Keywords: LASIK, Ziemer, Femto LDV, DLK, IntraLase FS60, femtosecond laser

Diagnosis and activity assessment of immunoglobulin A nephropathy: current perspectives on noninvasive testing with aberrantly glycosylated immunoglobulin A-related biomarkers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Suzuki Y

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Yusuke Suzuki,1 Hitoshi Suzuki,1 Yuko Makita,1 Akiko Takahata,1 Keiko Takahashi,1 Masahiro Muto,1 Yohei Sasaki,1 Atikemu Kelimu,1 Keiichi Matsuzaki,2 Hiroyuki Yanagawa,1 Keiko Okazaki,1 Yasuhiko Tomino1 1Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, 2Kyoto University Health Service, Kyoto, Japan Abstract: Immunoglobulin (Ig A nephropathy (IgAN is the most common form of glomerular disease worldwide and is associated with a poor prognosis. Thus, development of a curative treatment and strategies for early diagnosis and treatment are urgently needed. Pathological analysis of renal biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis and assessment of disease activity; however, immediate and frequent assessment based on biopsy specimens is difficult. Therefore, a simple and safe alternative is desirable. On the other hand, it is now widely accepted that multi-hit steps, including production of aberrantly glycosylated serum IgA1 (first hit, and IgG or IgA autoantibodies that recognize glycan containing epitopes on glycosylated serum IgA1 (second hit and their subsequent immune complex formation (third hit and glomerular deposition (fourth hit, are required for continued progression of IgAN. Although the prognostic and predictive values of several markers have been discussed elsewhere, we recently developed a highly sensitive and specific diagnostic method by measuring serum levels of glycosylated serum IgA1 and related IgA immune complex. In addition, we confirmed a significant correlation between serum levels of these essential effector molecules and disease activity after treatment, suggesting that each can be considered as a practical surrogate marker of therapeutic effects in this slowly progressive disease. Such a noninvasive diagnostic and activity assessment method using these disease-oriented specific biomarkers may be useful in the early diagnosis of and intervention in IgAN, with

FY1995 generic supercritical water technology; 1995 nendo generic technology to shite no chorinkai riyo gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

For the establishment of the basis of supercritical fluid technology, we perform elucidation of the specific feature of the supercritical fluid as a reaction media and development of some new process. In this study, we first studied the fluid structure of SCF through in-situ spectroscopy and MD simulation. As a result, significant hydrogen bonding amongst water molecules and a solvation structure around the solute were observed in the supercritical state. This fluid structure has new features different from that of high temperature steam or liquid water. We found that this is closely related to the difference of bulk properties of SCF and local one around the solute. On the basis of these fundamental findings and with the better understanding of the specific features of SCF as a reaction media, development of some new process had been conducted more efficiently and successfully. The processes being developed in this study include 1) waste biomass and plastic conversion to recover chemicals, 2) hydrogenation of heavy oil for desulphurization through partial oxidation 1 and 3) hydrothermal synthesis of metal oxide fine particles. (NEDO)

Performance test of solar energy distillation system; Taiyonetsu riyo kaisui tansuika system no zosui seino shiken

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kawahara, T; Toyoshima, Y [Keio University, Tokyo (Japan); Narasaki, Y; Kamiya, I [Ebara Corp., Tokyo (Japan); Sato, H [Keio University, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Science and Technology

1997-11-25

In order to develop a seawater desalination equipment utilizing solar heat, a performance test was performed on a three-stage solar heat vacuum distiller. The equipment can evaporate and condense water at low temperatures by reducing the pressure in a distilling section. Solar heat is collected by a heat collecting plate, by which water as the working fluid is evaporated and moved to a heat conducting section in an evaporation pipe in a state of steam. The steam is condensed in a low-temperature heat conducting pipe, the heat is released outside the heat conducting pipe, and seawater is evaporated under low pressure condition. The working fluid is circulated for repetitive use. Solar cells are used as a motive power source for a vacuum pump, hence the system is self-sustainable even if installed in a desert area and the like places. The construction is simple, highly durable, and easy in maintenance. The system has high water producing performance, uses no harmful substances whatsoever such as fluorocarbons, and is a friendly system to the global environment. Because of evaporation at low temperatures, heat loss to the surroundings and sensible heat due to temperature rise are small, and the system response is quick. The solar heat can be utilized more effectively as multiple effects. When a heat collecting plate of 7.76 m {sup 2} was used, maximum yield of 105.45 kg/day was obtained. The system`s distillation efficiency is higher than other types of solar heat utilizing distillers. 7 refs., 5 figs.

Production, property, and application of bacterial cellulose; Bakuteriaserurosu no seisan, butsusei no tokucho to sono riyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yamanaka, S.; Watanabe, K. [Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Tokyo (Japan). Central Research Lab.; Iguchi, M. [Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo (Japan)] Nishi, Y. [Sony Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1998-09-01

Cellulose produced by bacterial is called bacterial cellulose (BC). The morphology and physical properties of BC are found to be quite unique in comparison with those of higher class plants. The properties are elucidated and a study is made to utilize the properties. The outline of this study is introduced in the sequence of BC production, BC morphology, elucidation of the physical property, and study on the application. BC consists of ultrafine fibers, and the widths of fibers are in the range from (1/199) to (1/1,000) of cotton fibers, forming distinctive network structure. It is assumed that the high Young`s modulus is based on the structural features of BC. Researches have been made on various applications to such fields as audio, paper, food, and compounds where the features of cellulose are utilized effectively. The morphology of cellulose can be varied by adding drugs which can change a part of the protein. It is expected that cellulose structure can be controlled in the future by the application of this technology. 18 refs., 6 figs., 2 tabs.

Development and utilization of liquid quartz light modulating film. Ekisho choko film no kaihatsu to riyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takahashi, M. (Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Tokyo (Japan))

1992-03-01

This paper introduces the polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) ACT'' sheet, a liquid quartz light modulating film, developed by the Ajinomoto Company in Japan. A mixture of liquid crystal and polymer precursor is sandwiched between polyethylene terephthalate films imparted with transparency conductor made of indium tin oxide (ITO), which is then polymerized by heating or irradiating ultraviolet rays to obtain a PDLC. The film has a thickness as thin as about 0.3 mm, and good processibility. The sheet uses light modulating elements functioning on scatter and permeation of light. Clarification was made on the voltage dependence of cloudiness, total light permeability, straight and parallel light permeability, the response, and the operating voltage. The system consumes small amount of power with a threshold value of about 35V, and is suitable to operate large areas when working on the utility power supply. An incident light having a high diffusion capability when the electric field is turned off exhibits a high clouding function. The system gives an excellent feel of colorlessness and transparency when the electric field is turned on. The performances in heat insulation, infrared reflection capability and noise resistance are expected to be compounded for a functional versatility. 4 refs., 6 figs., 2 tabs.

CIM overview. (2). ; Architecture, infrastructure, information technology. CIM soron. (2). ; Architecture, infra, joho riyo shien gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Seryo, K [IBM Japan Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1991-12-10

The materialization of computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) requires an establishment of its systematizing system, i.e., architecturer and planning of the infrastructure to support it and basic engineering to support the informational utilization. The CIM architecture is classified into management and system structure, strategic planning method, System development introduction method, etc. The infrastructure aims at epoch-makingly heightening the productivity and speed by integrating the production planning, engineering design, accounting, sales, general business and affairs, production engineering, production activities, and activities of suppliers and clients. The informational utilization support engineering comprises the management support tool, decision making support tool, application development tool, etc. What is important is to establish a system of systematizing engineering in order not to be behind the strategic activation era of information to come. 17 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.

Wastes disposal on board a ship. Disposal of sewage and waste water; Senjo no haikibutsu shori. Osui oyobi haisui no shori ni tsuite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakamura, K. [Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1996-07-25

This paper describes technologies and devices suitable for disposing of sewage and waste water produced in a ship. Methods for disposing of sewage in a ship include such physico-chemical disposition methods as disinfection and sterilization, and such biological disposition methods as activated sludge sewage disposition and catalytic oxidation (biological membrane treatment). Sewage treatment devices include a storage tank type sewage treatment device often used in inner sea liners such as ferry boats, and a biological treatment device (aeration device) used as a mainstream in merchant ships, large passenger liners, and governmental ships. With the storage tank type sewage treatment device, sewage is stored in a storage tank provisionally while a ship is cruising in a discharge prohibited sea area, and discharged in a sea area allowing the discharge or when the ship enters a port. The method is simple, but limited in storage volume. An activated sludge sewage treatment device consists of a tank divided into an aeration chamber, a sedimentation chamber and a disinfection chamber, an air compressor, a chlorine dissolving apparatus, and a screen. Sewage is digested and decomposed by activated sludge, and the top clear water is disinfected by chlorine, and then discharged. 1 tab.

Feasibility survey of the environmentally-friendly coal utilization system. Feasibility survey of the environmentally-friendly coal utilization system in Indonesia; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa. Indonesia ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

With relation to the coal of Indonesia, where the expansion of the use of coal as a substitute for petroleum/plant fuel is aimed at, the paper grasped the situation of coal production/distribution/utilization and environmental problems, and analyzed the situation of the coal utilization/spread by industry including the commercial/residential use. The purpose of the survey is to work out a comprehensive master plan including Japan`s international cooperation for introducing the environmentally-friendly coal utilization system to Indonesia. Coal utilization systems, the introduction of which Indonesia should study in future, were picked up, according to the surveys in fiscal 1993 and 1994. In commercial/residential and small-scale industry sectors, needed is improvement of carbonization technology for production of coal carbonization briquette. Moreover, the introduction of bio-briquette should be studied in the future. In the power generation sector, studies should be made on the introduction of technology for SOx/NOx reduction and technology for coal ash treatment including the effective use of coal ash. For the introduction of coal boilers, the combustion mixed with bagasse, which is abundant in amount, is also necessary. In the coal production sector, coal preparation technology is studied, and a method to select the optimum process was proposed through the simulation. 76 figs., 43 tabs.

Aspiration toward geothermal energy utilization in regional development plan. Part 6. ; Hydrothermal fluid utilization business in Matsuo-mura of Iwate prefecture. Chiiki keikaku ni okeru 'chinetsu riyo' eno hofu. 6. ; Iwateken Matsuomura no chinetsu nessui riyo jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Otobe, Y; Furutate, E

1992-10-31

Twenty six years have passed since the first geothermal power station was constructed in Matsuo-mura of Iwate Prefecture, Japan. This paper describes the history, the present situation and the future conception of the geothermal energy utilization in this village. This village includes Hachimantai of a vantage ground in the center and has the gross area of 233.8km[sup 2], the annual average temperature of 8.3 centigrade and the continuous snow cover period of about 100 days. The hot water leading facility was cooperatively constructed by Japan Metals and Chemicals, Hachimantai Hot Spring Development and Matsuo-mura. The total working expense is 539.3 million yen. Hot water sources are the condensate from the condenser of geothermal power plant and hot spring. This mixed hot water of 4.3 t/min is led to respective facilities. The hot water supplying channel has the length of 12.8km from the power station through the Hachimantai hot spring resort, Kamiyogi to Takaishino. Respective total areas of greenhouses using hydrothermal fluid in both districts are 1,075ha and the inlet temperature of hot water is 60 centigrade and kinds of crop are 5 like green pepper and others. Takaishino agricultural park has selected flower and ornamental plant culture such as poppy anemone, stock and statice which are suitable for this district of low temperature and insufficient sunshine. The planted area is 10,700m[sup 2]. 2 refs., 9 figs., 4 tabs.

Project to support promotion of forming an environmentally friendly energy community. Survey report on 'a survey on introduction of an RDF electric power generation system utilizing general wastes in the Noto area'; Kankyo chowagata energy community keisei sokushin hojo jigyo. 'Noto chiiki ni okeru ippan haikibutsu riyo RDF hatsuden no donyu ni kansuru chosa' chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

A business feasibility survey was performed on introduction of an RDF electric power generation system utilizing general wastes in the Noto area. Wastes quantity was estimated by accounting for large-sized wastes to be generated newly as a result of enforcement of the container package recycling law, and transfer of non-combustible wastes to incineration. The quantity was estimated to be 84,000 tons annually. Quantities of RDF and heat were calculated from this estimation to be 103 tons per day and 400 lkcal/kg respectively. According to the result of discussing the RDF transportation systems, time-based freight was found advantageous for short distance, and distance freight system for long distance in terms of cost. Discussions for RDF power systems were carried out on an RDF circulation fluid bed furnace plus ash melting furnace, a fluid bed gasification melting furnace, and shaft furnace type gasification melting furnace. In a comprehensive view, it is difficult to distinguish them in terms of merit and demerit. Molten slag was assumed to be re-utilized, but cost for the re-utilization should be considered. According to the result of discussing the business feasibility, it was found difficult to make it profitable by operating the RDF power generation business alone, and wastes incineration charge should be collected. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 report on the survey for a data book on new energy technology development. Waste power generation, solar energy utilization. geothermal power generation, clean energy vehicles, coal liquefaction/gasification, and traverse themes; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Shin energy gijutsu kaihatsu kankei data shu sakusei chosa (haikibutsu hatsuden, taiyonetsu riyo, chinetsu hatsuden, clean energy jidosha, sekitan ekika gas ka oyobi odanteki theme)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The paper collected and arranged data on new energy technology. As to the waste power generation, in terms of general waste, 161 places have power generation facilities, 657,000 kW in output, as of the end of FY 1996. Out of them, 100 facilities (scale of output: 555,000 kW) are selling power. In terms of industrial waste, 53 places (209,000 kW) have power generation facilities. The output will be 2 million kW in FY 2000. In relation to the solar energy utilization, the number of solar systems introduced in FY 1996 is 25,000, that of water heating appliances produced in FY 1996 is 170,000. Geothermal power of 494,000 kW and 37,000 kW was introduced for electric power industry use and private use, respectively. Clean energy vehicles have not been so much spread, but the hybrid car was put on sale in 1997. Concerning the coal liquefaction, the R and D were made at a pilot plant of NEDOL process, and operation started in 1997. As to the coal gasification, investigational study and element study on the demonstration plant are being conducted in FY 1997 and 1998, making use of the research results obtained from the existing pilot plant of coal gasification combined power generation

FY 2000 report on the survey of policies on cooperation in new energy/energy conservation for developing countries by developed countries/international organizations. Survey of collection/analysis of information on effective energy utilization, etc.; 2000 nendo senshinkoku kokusai kikan no tai tojokoku shin energy sho energy kyoryoku seisaku ni kakawaru chosa hokokusho. Energy yuko riyo nado joho shushu bunseki chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Looking for measures for cooperation in effective energy conservation for developing countries, the paper arranged characteristics of the policies, systems and organizations in relation to energy conservation/new energy policies in developed countries and international organizations excluding Japan. Concretely, survey was made of the following 5 fields: 1) new energy cooperation (project) for developing countries by developed countries and international organizations excluding Japan; 2) outline of activities by aid giving organizations; 3) energy conservation policies of developing countries and cooperation of developed countries and international organizations; 4) policies of new energy introduction in developed countries; 5) study to reinforce cooperation for helping developing countries by Japan and developed countries/international organizations excluding Japan. In 1), survey is composed of case study of the main project and study of the outline of activities by aid giving organizations. The activities by the following aid giving organizations were surveyed: the World Bank group, International Finance Corporation (IFC), United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the European Committee and the Asian Development Bank (ADB). (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of development of technology for commercializing high-efficiency fuel cell systems. Development of technology for commercializing high-efficiency fuel cell systems (Development of technology for effective utilization of power produced by polymer electrolyte fuel cell systems); 2000 nendo kokoritsu nenryo denchi system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kotai kobunshigata nenryo denchi no shutsuryoku yuko riyo gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

This project is aimed at development of technologies for effective utilization of power produced by polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) systems and waste heat, to spread cogeneration systems incorporating PEFC systems for residential purposes. Described herein are the FY 2000 results. The program for high-efficiency peripherals for residential PFEC systems attempts use of GaN-FET as the semiconductor device of wide band gap and high breakdown voltage to realize conversion efficiency over 90% by improving inverter efficiency. Two types of the prototype heat recovery systems are developed for the PEFC, one incorporating a latent heat cooling system and the other a water cooling system, to improve heat recovery efficiency and increase heat recovery temperature. The program for technology to fit PEFC output to energy demand develops hot water supply systems provided with a hot water storage function for stable supply of hot water irrespective of the heat recovery conditions, and also with a back-up function with burners. The program also develops the PEFC system of fine load following characteristics, for which pure hydrogen is used as the fuel to allow the system to instantaneously follow fluctuating loads. The program for high-efficiency partial load operation technology studies a 1kW-class residential PEFC cogeneration system incorporating a power storage device for high-efficiency operation at partial loads, where the former operates in a high output mode while the latter absorbs fluctuating loads. (NEDO)

Feasibility survey of the environmentally-friendly coal utilization system. Feasibility survey of the environmentally-friendly coal utilization system in the Philippines; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa. Philippines ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

With relation to the coal of the Philippines, where the expansion of the use of coal as a substitute for petroleum/plant fuel is aimed at, the paper grasped the situation of coal production/development, the trend of coal import and domestic distribution, the coal utilization trend, and environmental problems, and analyzed the situation of coal utilization/spread by industry including the commercial/residential use. The purpose of the survey is to draw up a master plan for the introduction of the environmentally-friendly coal utilization system. As to the use of environmentally-friendly coal technology which should be adopted to the coal mining industry and commercial/residential sector, cited are the introduction of coal preparation technology and power transmission technology, and the development/spread of briquette as a firewood substituting fuel. In the electric power sector, the problem is the treatment of ash after combustion and the effective use. Relating to the treatment of flue gas, there is no installation at all of desulfurization facilities and denitrification facilities. In the cement industry sector, they wish to return fuel from heavy oil to coal. For it, it is necessary to study dust preventive measures. In the other sectors, coal hasn`t been used very much. An increase in coal demand is not expected also in the future, and big problems concerning coal haven`t occurred. 42 figs., 64 tabs.

Development of materials of `bekko work` using horn; Gyukaku riyo ni yoru bekko daitai zairyo no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mori, S.; Nagata, S. [Technology Center of Nagasaki, Nagasaki (Japan); Sakoguchi, A. [Kumamoto Institute of Technology, Kumamoto (Japan)

1996-11-10

The technical art `Bekko` is one of the traditional technologies in Japan, and the materials of `Bekko` are shells of hawksbills. However, the industry of `Bekko Work` has been facing a crisis recently, because the import of turtleshell is restricted. We have therefore tried to develop new materials as substitutes for the turtleshell by utilization of horn. The noteworthy aspects in this study are as follows: (a) It has been clearly established that the horn could be reformed with amber color similar to that of turtleshell by chemical treatment using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). (b) It is also of interest that we produced new materials like `Bekko` by mixing horn powder and turtleshell powder at the appropriate ratio and molding them in the temperature range of 110-120{degree}C. 1 ref., 6 figs., 3 tabs.

Characteristics and utilization of non-wood pulp and paper; Himokuzai pulp / kami no tokucho to sono riyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hara, H. [Mishima Paper Co. Ltd., Shizuoka (Japan)

1998-09-01

The reasons, difficulty in the usage, and the methods of use of non-wood papers are discussed. Non-wood papers sold in Japan are arranged basing on published data. The type of non-wood paper classified as special printing paper makes up the majority, and there are a variety of other products such as printing board, coated paper, thin paper, wrapping paper, functional paper, and watercolor paper. Kenaf and cotton are used in large quantities as non-wood plants for paper production, and use of bagasse and bamboo is increasing. Non-wood paper are used in consideration of environmental and resources problems and for utilizing the special features of non-wood fiber, and the characteristics of non-wood pulp and the effect of non-wood paper are discussed in this report. It is expected that papers utilizing the characteristics of non-wood paper will be developed. Non-wood papers are substitutions for various papers produced from wood pulp, and the fundamental point is the method of improving the original quality and paper quality by combining with non-wood pulp. 11 refs., 4 figs., 3 tabs.

Manufacture of lightweight aggregates utilizing coal fly ash. Sekitan bai riyo ni yoru jinko keiryo kotsuzai seizo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ishii, K [Kyushu Electric Power Co. Inc., Fukuoka (Japan)

1990-11-20

Processing of a large amount of coal ash is a serious problem in considering the locational conditions of coal firing power generation plants. 46% of the coal ash was effectively used in 1985, and the remaining 54% was disposed at landfills on land and sea. Positive promotion of the effective use of coal ash is the necessity. A production method for an artificial lightweight aggregate utilizing coal ash was established by a joint research. The history of the research and development of this artificial lightweight aggregate (brand name: FA-lIGHT), outline of the manufacturing facilities, physical properties and result of use are introduced. The lightweight aggregates are used not only for the construction of multistoried buildings but also used as most suitable aggregates for making lightweight large scale panels and concrete secondary products such as lightweight blocks. FA-LIGHT is most suitable for use in the production of concrete lightweight aggregates, and can be used for hydroponic agriculture and for the improvement of drainage of land. Spread of its use is expected. 5 figs., 5 tabs.

Technology of CCS coal utilization (outline of large-size demonstration test for CCS); CCS tan riyo gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Konno, K [Center for Coal Utilization, Japan, Tokyo (Japan); Hironaka, H [Idemitsu Kosan Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1996-09-01

The coal cartridge system (CCS) is a series of the total system, in which coal is processed centrally at a supply base for each unit of consumer areas, supplied as pulverized coal in bulk units, and coal ash after combustion is recovered and treated. The system is expected of advantages resulted from the centralized production, elimination of handling troubles, and cleanliness. Following a small scale demonstration test, a large demonstration test for practically usable scale has begun in 1990, and completed in fiscal 1995. This paper introduces the CCS and reports the result of the test. In the large demonstration test, a supply station (with manufacturing capability of 200,000 tons a year) was installed in the Aichi refinery of Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd., and systematization on quality design and system technologies has been carried out. Long-term continuous operation for five years was achieved (operation time of the supply facilities was about 19,000 hours) without a failure and accident, to which every elemental technology was evaluated highly, and convenience and reliability of the system was verified. 13 figs., 3 tabs.

Synthesis and application of silica gel modified with alkoxyalcohols. Alkoxyalcohol shushoku silica gel no gosei to riyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moriguchi, T.; Ishiguro, H.; Matsubara, Y.; Yoshihara, M.; Maeshima, T.; Ito, S. (Kinki University, Osaka (Japan). Faculty of Science and Engineering)

1991-08-20

Several kinds of silica gel modified by alkoxyalcohols were synthesized by refluxing and dehyration and the organic reactions were studied when these silica gels were used as the catalyst. It could be confirmed by FT-IR spectra, DTA and elementary analysis that alkoxylalcohols adhere to the surface of silica gels without any decomposition. The acetate was produced by using alkyl halides. It was found that the modified silica gels had clearly the catalytic action for the reaction with n-hexyl bromide and dibromoethane although unmodified silica gels did not show the catalytic action. The reducing reaction of carbonyl compounds was carried out. The reaction proceeded at 25 centigrade for acetophenone, cyclohexanone, 1-indanone and 2-octanone to produce the corresponding reduction products. 11 refs., 5 figs., 4 tabs.

Research study on analysis/use technologies of genome information; Genome joho kaidoku riyo gijutsu no chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

For wide use of genome information in the industrial field, the required R and D was surveyed from the standpoints of biology and information science. To clarify the present state and issues of the international research on genome analysis, the genome map as well as sequence and function information are first surveyed. The current analysis/use technologies of genome information are analyzed, and the following are summarized: prediction and identification of gene regions in genome sequences, techniques for searching and selecting useful genes, and techniques for predicting the expression of gene functions and the gene-product structure and functions. It is recommended that R and D and data collection/interpretation necessary to clarify inter-gene interactions and information networks should be promoted by integrating Japanese advanced know-how and technologies. As examples of the impact of the research results on industry and society, the present state and future expected effect are summarized for medicines, diagnosis/analysis instruments, chemicals, foods, agriculture, fishery, animal husbandry, electronics, environment and information. 278 refs., 42 figs., 5 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 survey report. Feasibility study of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system (survey of the coal utilization in Pakistan); 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa (Pakistan ni okeru sekitan riyo gaikyo chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This paper made a literature survey, hearing survey, site survey/study on the coal in Pakistan such as the coal utilization system and the environmental situation, etc., and aimed at pre-examination for the survey of the introduction of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system to be planned in Pakistan in the future. The examination, data collection and preparation were conducted in terms of the following items: the structure of coal consumption in energy supply, structure of coal consumption, mainly of domestic brown coal consumption, the situation of coal utilization by industry and by region, environmental problems caused by coal utilization such as air pollution, the trend of policies of environmental regulation, etc. The literature on the following was obtained and surveyed: the situation of economy/energy in Pakistan, coal utilization technology by industrial field, and environmental protection technology. The hearing survey was made to institutions concerned, corporation groups and men of learning and experience. Site surveys were conducted for the typically selected coal utilization equipment and existing environmental protection equipment. 66 figs., 56 tabs.

Study on utilization of shallow sea areas by developing the alga field. Test for utilization of coal ash on alga reef (interim report); Sojo zosei ni yoru asakaiiki riyo no kenkyu. Sekitanbai kokabutsu no sosho riyo shiken (chukan hokoku)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tsuno, M.; Oikawa, M. [Hokkaido Electric Power Co. Inc., Sapporo (Japan); Matsubara, T. [Hokkaido Area Management and Support Foundation, Sapporo (Japan)

1996-03-25

A development was intended of an alga reef block that is suitable for adherence of algae and difficult of shore-burning by utilizing coal ash. Concretes with different coal ash displacement rates were used to install alga reef blocks embedded with natural rocks, steel plates, and the used desulfurizing agents on three areas (the Usubetsu area, the Tamagawa offing, and Chatsu Bay) including shore-burned sea areas along the coast of Tomari Village. Investigations were made on the states of adherence of useful algae as a result of difference in materials and locations of installation. The best adherence of edible kelp was observed at the Usubetsu area, followed by the Tamagawa offing and Chatsu Bay in that order. Growth conditions of the kelp by locations were conceived of the correlation with how extensively the natural kelp colonies are formed around each location, and how many nutrient salts are present and sea urchins are grown. No remarkable difference was observed in the adherence of algae due to the difference in the coal ash displacement rates. Porous blocks, however, showed less adherence amount. Kelp adherence condition was found good in the order of concrete, natural rocks, and the used desulfurizing agents. No kelps have adhered on the steel plates. 10 refs., 13 figs., 3 tabs.

Present status of and subjects on the industrial utilization of polymer separation membranes. Japan`s first largest sea water desalination plant by RO; Kobunshi bunrimaku no sangyo riyo no genjo to kadai. Zosui bun`ya ni okeru maku riyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Furuichi, M. [Kurita Water Industries Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1998-07-05

The utilization in Japan and abroad is discussed of desalination methods using evaporation, reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, and electrodialysis membranes, out of various desalination techniques for seawater and others containing more salt. A new seawater desalination plant built in Okinawa, Japan, is outlined, and the future trend of Japan`s efforts for desalination is predicted. The said plant in Okinawa is the largest ever built in this country, and occupies 4th or 5th place in terms of capacity among similar facilities across the world. It was completed in April, 1997, and produces pure water at a rate of 40,000m{sup 3}/day. This plant, operating on RO, comprises eight RO membrane units each capable of 5131{sup 3}/day. The membranes are of the spiral type, consisting of Toray`s crosslinked aramid-base composite membranes and Nitto Denko`s membranes composed totally of crosslinked aromatic polyamide. The greatest of the pending tasks is to reduce the desalination cost. As for the operating cost of the desalination facility at the current stage, it costs 120-130 yen/m{sup 3} on the 40,000m{sup 3}/day scale, and the power cost occupies approximately 60% of the total operating cost. It is concluded that the consumption of electric power and chemicals per pure water produced have to be reduced. 8 refs., 5 figs., 5 tabs.

Fiscal 1975 Sunshine Project research report. General research on hydrogen energy subsystems and their peripheral technologies (Research on chemical use); 1975 nendo suiso riyo subsystem no sogoteki kento to shuhen gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu seika hokokusho. Kagaku riyo ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1976-04-15

The whole amount of hydrogen consumption for chemical industries all over the world is estimated to be 249.7 billion Nm{sup 3} in 1974, while 367.2 billion Nm{sup 3} in 1980 roughly under a bold assumption, based on 3 current big consumption fields of ammonia production, methanol production and petroleum refining, and some promising fields in the future such as reduced iron and synthetic protein. Consumption ratios for every field are probably 54.9% in ammonia production, 30% in petroleum refining, 9.5% in methanol production and 5.6% in others in 1974, and nearly similar in 1980. However, although there are various troubles, if a large amount of methanol is used as fuel in the future, and its production plan is promoted to satisfy the demand of methanol fuel, hydrogen consumption for methanol production will increase drastically. In the future, if the production process of hydrogen as secondary fuel is established, such hydrogen also will be used for various chemical industries naturally. Research was thus made on use of oxygen as byproduct inevitably. (NEDO)

Study on low permeable backfill materials. Backfill materials for waste disposal facilities; Koshisuisei juten zairyo ni kansuru kenkyu. Hoshasei haikibutsu shobun shisetsu eno tekiyosei kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shiraishi, F; Konishi, M; Shiraishi, H [Okumura Corp., Osaka (Japan)

1994-11-15

A discussion was given on the fundamental properties of mortar made from cement mixed with silica fume. Four kinds of silica fumes with different particle size distributions were used. The following results were obtained: distribution of pores in mortar admixed with silica fume shifts to the smaller radius side; while the admixture increases the compression strength in mortar, the increasing trend varies depending on the kinds of silica fumes; this is thought to be caused from the difference in pozzolan activity between silica fumes; and the strength increase is caused by densification of the structure due to the pozzolan reaction that is generated after hydration, or in other words, decrease in the pore volume. The applicability of the mortar was investigated as a filling mortar to fill up clearances between wastes. It was found that the filling performance can be controlled by mixing silica fume at an adequate level and adjusting the viscosity. The diffusion coefficient for the admixed concrete is smaller by 30% to one digit than that for the ordinary concrete. High-performance water stopping concrete of 0.11 {times} 10{sup 4}cm {sup 2}/s at maximum was obtained. The concrete can be regarded as a material having superb filling and water stopping performances. 6 refs., 4 figs., 5 tabs.

Survey of the waste-fueled power generation introducing technology. Case study 1 (fiscal 1996); Haikibutsu hatsuden donyu gijutsu chosa nado. Case study no jisshi 1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

A case study on A city was conducted aiming at making a detailed manual for introducing the waste-fueled power generation. The study was made in terms of a large-capacity waste-fueled power plant, estimation of the waste amount considering wide-area processing, size of facilities, comparison of four types of combustion furnace, steam condition/seawater cooling/power generating efficiency, etc. As a result, the following were proposed: As to the size of facilities, a capacity as large as possible is recommended in the light of the scale merit of costs of the waste-fueled power plant and final disposal site and the environmental preservation. Concerning the high efficient power generation, recommended are 450degC and 60-80 ata which are steam conditions for coping with high temperature corrosion. In respect to seawater cooling, the adoption is recommended making good use of locational conditions since the output energy increases by approximately 16%. Any furnace types including the fluidized bed furnace are equal. The amount of dioxin becomes below 0.1ng/Nm{sup 3} because of the control of furnace combustion temperature, residence time, catalytic desulfurization facilities, blowing of activated coal into the flue, etc. 172 figs., 78 tabs.

Development of high-efficiency wastes-burning electric power generating technology. Volume 1. Report for fiscal 1999; Kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu 1999 nendo hokokusho. 1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This paper summarizes the achievements of developing a technology to generate electric power at high efficiency by using a combustion furnace that uses general wastes and combustible industrial wastes as fuel to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam under a stabilized condition. In the developmental research of the combustion furnace, discussions were given on single-pass and double-pass type stalker furnaces, an internal circulation type fluidized bed furnace, and an external circulation type fluidized bed furnace, whereas technological prospects were established on any of them as the combustion furnace. In developing corrosion resistant super heater materials, demonstration tests were performed by using a pilot plant, corrosion mechanisms were elucidated, amount of corrosion in steam generating tubes was discussed, and corrosion life of super heaters was estimated. In developing a technology to reduce environmental load, developmental researches were carried out on a method to treat waste gases by using pulse plasma to have established nearly completely a waste gas treatment system technology. In the demonstration test using the pilot plant, the operation has started from February 1998, generating stably the steam conditions of 500 degrees C and 9.8 MPa, and the smooth operation has continued. (NEDO)

Development of high-efficiency wastes-burning electric power generating technology. Volume 2. Report for fiscal 1999; Kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu 1999 nendo hokokusho. 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

In high-efficiency power generation using general wastes and combustible industrial wastes as fuel, development has been performed on a wastes gasifying and melting power generation technology. This technology is capable of suppressing generation of dioxines, recovering slag that can be utilized effectively, and reducing ash volume, by thermally decomposing the wastes and melting combustion ash at elevated temperatures by using thermally decomposed gases. With regard to the evaluation on high temperature corrosiveness of SH materials and the development of a high temperature dust removing system, a steam heater was designed, fabricated, and installed in a model plant, wherein the operation test has been performed for about 1,620 hours. For the technology of dechlorination during a thermal decomposition process, dechlorination rate of 90% was confirmed at 425 degrees C or higher in a demonstration plant. In addition, developments were made on a low temperature denitration device to avoid re-heating of waste gases, a stable wastes supply system to reduce quantity of self-heated melt limiting heat generation, and a waste plastics blowing technology to reduce external fuel charge quantity. Furthermore, a survey was carried out on the trends in wastes electric power generation technologies. (NEDO)

Slovakia should be more active in pipeline projects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hirman, K.

2004-01-01

European Union is interested also like USA to lower its own dependence on oil distributors from problematic region of Persian Gulf. Therefore the attention is turning on to Russia and to region of Caspian Sea. However except political and safety problems the import of oil from these territories meets also the lack of transport capacities. Slovakia can become the important transit territory, where could flow more Russian or Caspian oil to the European market. After a break-up of Soviet Union Russia lost oil export terminals on the coast of Baltic Sea. These terminals became a part of territories of three independent Baltic countries. The frequent storms in the region of Novorossiysk are disadvantage of Black Sea's ports Novorossiysk and Tuapse. The overloading of Turkish straits Bospor and Dardanely, which connect Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea, is becoming a new and more serious problem. In the present time up to 500 tankers swim over through these straits annually, which transport together around 70 million tones of oil and of oil products. Owing to the rising mining of oil the only one way out is the circumvention of these straits. New pipeline from Baku through Georgia to Turkish terminal Ceyhan on the coast of Mediterranean Sea is the only one but not sufficient solution. Therefore Russia promotes the project of integration of pipelines Druzba and Adria. The intensions is to open the continuous export pipeline way through Belarus, Ukraine, Slovakia and Hungary into Croatian terminal Omisajl on the coast of Adriatic Sea. Other possibility how to rise the oil transit through Slovakia is the construction of pipeline to the refinery OMW in Schweechat near Vienna. In the end of the last year the representatives of Transpetrol, Yukos and OMW signed the contract of its construction in Bratislava. Annual capacity of this pipeline is 2 million tonnes of oil. Other possibility how to transport the Caspian oil is pipeline Odessa-Brody. More then 600 km of this pipeline

The diagnostic value of endothelial function as a potential sensor of fatigue in health

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yoshiko Ohno

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Yoshiko Ohno1,2, Teruto Hashiguchi1, Ryuichi Maenosono1, Hidetoshi Yamashita3, Yukio Taira3, Kazufumi Minowa3, Yoshihito Yamashita3, Yuko Kato3, Ko-ichi Kawahara1, Ikuro Maruyama11Department of Laboratory and Vascular Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima City, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan; 2Department of Community Health Nursing/Nursing Informatics, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima City, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan; 3Kagoshima Seikyo General Hospital, Kagoshima City, Kagoshima Prefecture, JapanPurpose: Many epidemiological research studies have shown that vital exhaustion and psychosocial factors are associated with the occurrence of cerebrocardiovascular disease (CCVD. Fatigue is thought to induce endothelial dysfunction and may be linked to the occurrence of CCVD; however, no studies have investigated this potential link. We studied to determine the effect of fatigue on endothelial function in healthy subjects with no traditional CCVD risk factors or potential confounding factors to be controlled.Subjects and methods: Peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT was used to evaluate endothelial function. The influence of the following parameters on endothelial function was analyzed in 74 office workers without traditional CCVD risk factors at health check-ups: endothelial function before and after work, subjective fatigue, lifestyle factors such as sleeping time, and psychosocial factors such as depression and social support.Results: Twenty-five subjects (33.8% had low endothelial function; reactive hyperemia (RH-PAT index <1.67, even though no abnormalities were reported in the health check-ups. There was no significant difference in endothelial function before versus after labor. Of note, endothelial function was associated with the individual’s level of subjective fatigue (t = 2.98, P = 0.008 and showed a daily fluctuation, sometimes to a pathological

Inhibitory effects of a selective Jak2 inhibitor on adrenocorticotropic hormone production and proliferation of corticotroph tumor AtT20 cells

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Asari Y

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Yuko Asari, Kazunori Kageyama, Yuki Nakada, Mizuki Tasso, Shinobu Takayasu, Kanako Niioka, Noriko Ishigame, Makoto Daimon Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan Purpose: The primary cause of Cushing’s disease is adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH-producing pituitary adenomas. EGFR signaling induces POMC mRNA-transcript levels and ACTH secretion from corticotroph tumors. The Jak–STAT pathway is located downstream of EGFR signaling; therefore, a Jak2 inhibitor could be an effective therapy for EGFR-related tumors. In this study, we determined the effect of a potent and selective Jak2 inhibitor, SD1029, on ACTH production and proliferation in mouse AtT20 corticotroph tumor cells.Materials and methods: AtT20 pituitary corticotroph tumor cells were cultured after transfection with PTTG1- or GADD45β-specific siRNA. Expression levels of mouse POMC, PTTG1, and GADD45β mRNAs were evaluated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. ACTH levels were measured using ACTH ELISA. Western blot analysis was performed to examine protein expression of phosphorylated STAT3/STAT3. Viable cells and DNA fragmentation were measured using a cell-proliferation assay and cell-death detection ELISA, respectively. Cellular DNA content was analyzed using fluorescence-activated cell sorting.Results: SD1029 decreased POMC and PTTG1 mRNA and ACTH levels, while increasing GADD45β levels. The drug also decreased AtT20-cell proliferation and induced apoptosis, but did not alter cell-cycle progression. SD1029 also inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation. PTTG1 knockdown inhibited POMC mRNA levels and cell proliferation. However, combined treatment with PTTG1 knockdown and SD1029 had no additive effect on POMC mRNA levels or cell proliferation. GADD45β knockdown inhibited the SD1029-induced decrease in POMC mRNA levels and also partially inhibited the decrease in cell proliferation.Conclusion: Both

What is the true definition of a "Do-Not-Resuscitate" order? A Japanese perspective

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hiraoka E

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Eiji Hiraoka,1 Yosuke Homma,2 Yasuhiro Norisue,3 Takaki Naito,1 Yuko Kataoka,1 Osamu Hamada,1 Yo Den,1 Osamu Takahashi,4 Shigeki Fujitani3 1Department of Internal Medicine, 2Department of Emergency Medicine, 3Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Bay Urayasu Ichikawa Medical Center, Chiba, Japan; 4Department of Internal Medicine, St Luke’s International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan Background: Japan has no official guidelines for do-not-resuscitate (DNR orders. Therefore, we investigated the effect of DNR orders on physician decision making in relation to performing noncardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR and CPR procedures.Methods: A case-scenario-based questionnaire that included a case of advanced cancer, a case of advanced dementia, and a case of nonadvanced heart failure was administered to physicians. The questions determined whether physicians would perform different non-CPR procedures and CPR procedures in the presence or absence of DNR orders. The number of non-CPR procedures each physician would perform and the number of physicians who would perform each non-CPR and CPR procedure in the absence and presence of DNR ocrders were compared. Physicians from three Japanese municipal acute care hospitals participated.Results: We analyzed 111 of 161 (69% questionnaires. Physicians would perform significantly fewer non-CPR procedures in the presence of DNR orders than in the absence of DNR orders for all three case scenarios (median [interquartile range] percentages: Case 1: 72% [45%–90%] vs 100% [90%–100%]; Case 2: 55% [36%–72%] vs 91% [63%–100%]; Case 3: 78% [55%–88%] vs 100% [88%–100%]. Fewer physicians would perform non-CPR and CPR procedures in the presence of DNR orders than in the absence of DNR orders. However, considerable numbers of physicians would perform electric shock treatment for ventricular fibrillation in the presence of DNR orders (Case 1: 26%; Case 2: 16%; Case 3: 20%.Conclusion: DNR orders affect physician

Fiscal 1974 research report. General research on hydrogen energy subsystems; 1974 nendo suiso riyo subsystem sogoteki kento hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1975-03-01

Based on the contract research 'General research on hydrogen energy subsystems and their peripheral technologies' with Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, each of 7 organizations including Denki Kagaku Kyokai (Electrochemical Association) promoted the research on hydrogen energy subsystem, combustion, fuel cell, car engine, aircraft engine, gas turbine and chemical energy, respectively. This report summarizes the research result on the former of 2 committees on hydrogen energy and peripheral technologies promoted by Denki Kagaku Kyokai. The first part describes the merit, demerit, domestic and overseas R and D states, technical problems, and future research issue for every use form of hydrogen. This part also outlines the short-, medium- and long-term prospects for use of hydrogen and oxygen energy, and describes the whole future research issue. The second part summarizes the content of each committee report. Although on details the original reports of each committee should be lead, this report is useful for obtaining the outline of utilization of hydrogen energy. (NEDO)

Test results on vegetable cultivation using fish breeding water; Yogyosui riyo ni yoru yasai saibai shikenkekka ni tsuite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nishida, S. [Hokuriku Electric Power Co. Inc., Toyama (Japan)

1997-10-30

Although a part of the entrails of fishes, birds and livestock is used for food, most of them are treated by costly combustion because of their bad odor and looking, and International Environment and Welfare Laboratory, Toyama prefecture in Japan is studying their profitable treatment. As a part of such study, possibility of hydroponic cultivation of vegetable was tested using fish breeding water including excretions of fishes and residual feeds after use of waste as feed, and the growth condition, safety and effectiveness of cultured vegetable were verified. Three-hundred and fifty viviparous Oryzias were released into a breeding water area with no controlled pH and EC (electric conductivity). For comparison a culture solution area of 6.0 in pH and 1.2ms/cm in EC was prepared. The result on cultivation of 6 kinds of vegetable in culture beds supported by circulation of these water showed that hydroponic cultivation of vegetable using fish breeding water is possible, and average growth of 68% is obtained although difference in growth for every vegetable is found. 8 figs., 5 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 R and D project on industrial science and technology under a consignment from NEDO. R and D of the synthesis and processing of advanced biomaterials (fixation and effective utilization of carbon dioxide using peptides); 1997 nendo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Senshin bio zairyo no sosei kako gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (peptide oyo nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

In fiscal 1997, study was made on formation of peptides with a biogenic function and molecular recognition function, and peptide materials. The existing automatic design technique of peptides including non-natural amino acids was applied to design of complementary peptides of proteins with known structures to optimize a development technique of ligand. Practical function of peptides as advanced receptor ligand was verified by applying the existing conformation control technique to stable holding of peptide active conformation. Creation of bio-materials, and development of preparation technology of bio-substrates and materializing technology of functional molecular materials were carried out. To construct an electron transfer system by self- organized body of peptides formed on a substrate, a peptide molecular device was prepared and verified using linkers. To use peptides as photoelectron functional molecule, metallized peptide with main helix structure was prepared. The possibility of molecular materials with a fixation function of CO2 was examined. A high-sensitivity bio-sensor was also mentioned. 75 refs., 130 figs., 25 tabs.

Achievement report of projects in fiscal 2000 for measures on technologies to fix and utilize effectively carbon dioxide. Development of program system technologies to fix and utilize effectively carbon dioxide - researches on key technologies (Developing technology to fix carbon dioxide electrochemically); 2000 nendo program hoshiki nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu kaihatsu (kiban gijutsu kenkyu) seika hokokusho (kokaiyo). Nisanka tanso no denki kagakuteki koteika gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With an objective to prevent global warming, research and development has been made on a carbon dioxide fixation technology using electrochemical means. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 2000. In the research of a technology to return carbon dioxide to hydrocarbon such as methane electrochemically utilizing the high concentration carbon dioxide-methanol system, basic studies were performed on electrolytic reduction of CO2 using a methanol solvent system, and experimental studies were executed on high-speed reduction of carbon dioxide using gas diffusion electrodes. In the basic property experiment on diamond electrodes, high carbon dioxide reduction activity was obtained by having copper carried in the diamond electrode. In the CO2 electrolytic reduction experiment on three-phase interface using a copper net electrode, CO, ethylene, and methane were produced, while the electrode has retained the activity for an extended period of time, and the CO2 conversion rate reached about 66%. In structuring an electrochemical carbon dioxide fixation system, specifications for the CO2 electrolytic reduction equipment were determined, design, manufacturing, and electrode materials were selected, supporting electrolytes were discussed, and the entire system flow and liquid resistance were discussed. (NEDO)

Report on the results of the FY 1998 hydrogen utilization international clean energy system technology (WE-NET). Subtask 7. Survey/study on hydrogen utilization technology; 1998 nendo suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system (WE-NET). 7. Suiso riyo gijutsu ni kansuru chosa kento

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The paper described the results of survey/study of the FY 1998 WE-NET project. In Subtask 7, survey/study have been made on the main hydrogen utilization technologies except the hydrogen combustion gas turbine since FY 1993. Based on the survey results having been obtained, study was made on conditions for introducing promising technology, future prospects, etc. in FY 1998. As to the power generation, the basic combustion test and test on hydrogen injection equipment as element test, and test on ignition equipment were carried out using rapid compression/expansion equipment. A scenario for introducing hydrogen vehicle was made, and at the same time environmental LCA was conducted by which environmental influences can be assessed. The survey of the market of pure hydrogen polymer electrolyte fuel cells were made in terms of the electric utility use, industrial use, residential/commercial use, and movement/vehicle use. Study was conducted on the combined process of oxygen production equipment and He Brayton cycle in the subzero fractionation/low-temperature VSA method. Various methods including performance, price, etc. were surveyed/studied, making it a precondition that hydrogen supply stations are installed in stand-alone distribution near places of consumption. (NEDO)

Investigations in fiscal 2000 on feasibility of environment friendly coal utilization system. Feasibility survey on environment friendly coal utilization system in India; 2000 nendo kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa hokokusho. Indo ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Taking the area of the clean coal technology (CCT) effective for energy conservation and environment preservation as the object, a feasibility survey has been performed on executing a model project in India. About 70% of the total power generation capacity in India depends upon coals existing in abundance inside the country. Since the local coals are high in ash, low in sulfur, and low in calorie, the environmental problem related to thermal power plants is the disposition of fly ash. The Central Electricity Authority of India expects solving this problem by CCT introduction. It also expects increase in combustion efficiency by using ultra-critical boilers. The Indian cement industry often uses in-house electric power generation facilities because of high electric power cost, wherein the produced coal ash is used as a cement raw material. The matter of the strongest interest is the introduction of a high-efficiency combustion system that depends on low-grade coals. Among the CCTs, strong interest was shown in the fluidized bed cement kiln and the circulating fluidized bed boiler. The iron and steel industry has expectations toward effective coal washing technologies and coke manufacturing technologies. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 survey report on the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system feasibility study. Feasibility study of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system in Thailand; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa. Tai ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The paper investigated and studied the present situation and future trend of coal utilization and distribution in Thailand, and the present situation of environmental effects and the measures taken for environmental protection. Around 2010, coal will probably be produced only at EGAT`s Mae Moh (MM) coal mine. Demand for overseas coal is expected to be 40-50 million tons in 2011, and preparation of the coal center becomes a subject. For general industry use coal, pretreatment such as coal preparation, coal blending and briquetting is needed, considering coal quality, usage, transport distance and environmental effects. Brown coal of MM coal mine is a lignite with high sulfur, high ash content and low heating value. Wide spread of its use can be expected if upgrading is possible such as desulfurization, deashing, increasing heating value. In the electric power generation field, the absorber was installed at the existing boiler of the mine-mouth generating plant to conduct a verification test on high grade desulfurization of ultra-high sulfur lignite. In the industry field, the circulating fluidized bed boiler was adopted. In the residential/commercial field, introduction of briquette was proposed. 80 refs., 84 tabs.

Technologies and techniques for analysis and use of genome information, 1997; Genome joho kaidoku riyo gijutsu no chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The paper clarified the whole image of cell functions by elucidating the function and manifestation control mechanism of genes existing in genomes, and the network of their interactions, and surveyed applicability of the useful functions obtained of cells and proteins to the industrial field. The survey was made from a viewpoint of the fields of both biology and information science. Especially, based on the function-known DNA base sequence database, the following technologies were surveyed: technology to predict the function of the function-unknown DNA base sequence, search/separation technology to acquire the genes to be functionally elucidated in a state of being suitable for manifestation, technology to get perfect proteins by effectively manifesting the genes to be functionally elucidated, and technology to analyze the function of the proteins obtained by manifestation of genes. Further, the International Symposium was held which is titled `Genome Research Opens a New World to Bioindustry (New Developments in Genome Informatics Technologies). With the future progress of technology to decipher and use genome information, the construction of much newer genome industry is anticipated. 165 refs., 44 figs., 10 tabs.

Investigation on development of advanced materials by solvothermal technique; Sorubo thermal hanno riyo senshin zairyo kaihatsu ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Solvothermal reaction is reaction under high temperature and high pressure, which is expected to fabricate new functional materials. In this study, the materials are classified into two fields, i.e., inorganic materials, metals and their composites and organic materials and their composites. The current status of R and D of production and processing technology in each field is surveyed and the prospect of it is discussed. For the inorganic materials, metals and their composites, it is explained that very fine metal oxide particles, complex oxides, single crystals, whiskers, compounds with layer structure, metastable compounds, ion conductors and catalysts with high ability could be produced only by controlling the solvothermal reactions in atomic order. For the organic materials and their composites, surveyed results of the solvothermal technique using non-aqueous solutions are mainly provided. The necessity of a national project for researches on the solvothermal reactions is proposed from the viewpoint of resource, environment and energy. 777 refs., 38 figs., 26 tabs.

`Power storage system` dealing with leveling of electric power use; Denryoku riyo no heijunka ni kotaeru `denryoku chozo system`

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Igarashi, M. [Meidensha Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1996-06-28

An overview is given on the development situation of a Zn-Br battery as a power storage system. The system is aimed at storing excess power at night and supplying the on-load demand during daytime. The power storage technology requires a large output and capacity of MWh level, long term stability and durability, and cost as low as pumped storage power generation. Four kinds of batteries have been examined to cope with the conditions, in which development of Zn-Br batteries along with Na-S batteries is in progress towards practicability. As a power conversion method for this system, GTO has been employed for a large capacity unit and IGBT for a medium/small capacity unit. The reliability of the Zn-Br batteries against leakage was improved by laminating each cell by hot plate welding. The service life was improved by using a material with a high bromine resistance in place of the conventional electrode constituent material. Although the battery efficiency was influenced by each resistance of electrode, film and electrolytic solution, distance between electrodes, temperature, etc., these correlations were clarified so as to establish the simulation technology. At present, the system realizes 50kW and 40kWh/m{sup 3}. 1 ref., 8 figs.

Research trend survey on the stable isotope utilization technology; Antei doitai no riyo gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu doko chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

This report reviews the activities and the trends in the area of the stable isotope use attracting attention recently. In the medicine and clinical treatment sector, the remarkable trends are the extension of {sup 13}C use. The breath test and the magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) diagnosis have been developed as inspection methods. It is noted that investigation has been initiated on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using {sup 3}He and {sup 129}Xe for the lung imaging. In the organic chemistry and biochemistry sector, the stable isotopes are used for analyzing the structures of complicated natural compounds and materials relating to life science and for analyzing the chemical reaction mechanism of organic compounds. In the nuclear energy sector, {sup 10}B and {sup 7}Li have been used as neutron absorption materials and pH neutralizing reagent, respectively. In the analysis and measurement sector, the process of isotopic dilution is used for the environmental analysis of trace elements including harmful substances. Among various separation methods of isotopes, well studied uranium enrichment processes and deuterium separation processes are described. Separation of {sup 15}N by ion exchange resin method and plasma ion cyclotron resonance (ICR) isotope separation have been studied, recently. 133 refs., 53 figs., 7 tabs.

Surveys in Hokkaido on promotion of structuring models to be introduced to convert wastes into energy; Hokkaido ni okeru haikibutsu energy ka donyu model kochiku sokushin chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1993-03-01

With an objective of converting dairy farming wastes and fisheries wastes into resources to be used as energies, this paper discusses development trends and utilization possibilities thereof based on their utilization characteristics. The Tokachi, Abashiri and Nemuro regions produce more cattle wastes, and regions on the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk produce more hepatopancreas of scallop than other regions. The amount of energy from such wastes is subject to large seasonal variations. Methane gas production through methane fermentation is an effective treatment technology, although it is utilized less effectively in Hokkaido. Important is applying the processes depending on energy demand, supply characteristics and regional features. Taking waste utilization characteristics and regionally uneven distribution of resources into account, conceptions on six model systems that could be introduced were structured. The six systems include two types for fisheries wastes utilization, three types for agricultural and dairy farming wastes, and one type for combined utilization of agricultural and fishery wastes. Important factors to select suitable commercial operation sites and promote the operations are stable quantity assurance of waste resources, energy demand, and stable operation, such as could be available in fishery processing complexes and large dairy farming areas. 44 refs., 66 figs., 29 tabs.

Fiscal 1995 survey report on the feasibility study of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system. Feasibility study of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system in Thailand; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa. Tai ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-06-01

The paper surveyed the present situation and future trend of economy, energy supply/demand, coal production/distribution/utilization and the environmental effects in Thailand. The survey on the coal utilization and its environmental effects was partially requested of the environmental research institute in Thailand. The amount of coal utilization in Thailand rapidly increased to nearly four times as large as that ten years ago mainly in terms of domestic lignite under the government`s policy on expansion of the domestic energy use. However, most of this domestic lignite is low-grade coal with low calories and high sulfur content, and the use of it was rapidly increased mostly in power generation sector without no adequate environmental measures taken. This caused an environmental problem on air pollution due to sulfur oxides at Mae Moh power plant in the north several years ago, and the damages to the regional residents, etc. were given much publicity by journalism and developed the social problem. Accordingly, Thai people are now critical of the coal resource exploration and the coal use expansion. Under the circumstances, the Ministry of Industry and the energy related ministries/offices are obliged to review their development/promotion plans. 84 figs., 99 tabs.

Fiscal 1975 Sunshine Project research report. General research on hydrogen energy subsystems and their peripheral technologies (General research on hydrogen energy subsystems); 1975 nendo suiso riyo subsystem no sogoteki kento to shuhen gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu seika hokokusho. Suiso riyo subsystem no sogoteki kento

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1976-03-01

This report is composed of the part 1 'General research on hydrogen energy subsystems' and the part 2 'Outline of researches on every use pattern of hydrogen'. The part 1 outlines the fiscal 1975 activity and result, the latest research situation, the latest domestic and overseas R and D situations, some extracted problems, and the future research issues. The part 2 summarizes the research results of every committee with the following themes: (1) Hydrogen combustion technology (combustion characteristics and technology of hydrogen-methane mixture, home and industrial combustors, study on hydrogen energy system), (2) Fuel cell, (3) Automobile engine (merits and demerits of automobile hydrogen engine, problems and their possible solutions on hydrogen engine, urgent research issues), (4) Aircraft engine (prospect for hydrogen use in air transport in Japan, study on various systems around airports in hydrogen use, technical study on aircraft using hydrogen fuel), (5) Gas turbine, and (6) Chemical use of hydrogen. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 research report on development of use technology of bio-resources such as complex biosystem (Development of use and production technologies of complex biosystems); 1997 nendo fukugo seibutsukei nado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (fukugo seibutsukei riyo seisan gijutsu no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This report summarizes the fiscal 1997 research results on production technology of functional materials, and the research study result for utilizing substance production and decomposition by complex biosystem for industries. For detecting technique of microorganisms in soil, staining by CFDA-AM was suitable, and allowed visualization of sulfate- reducing bacteria during culture. For research on functional analysis technology, study was made on atomic force microscope technology to detect microorganisms in environment and observe their fine structures. For research on detection, separation and cultivation technology of difficult-to-culture microorganisms, a molecular genetic analysis method of microbial communities and a determination method of their viability were selected. For functional substance production technology, study was made on technical utilization of bioflocculant produced by microbial consortia as environment-friendly oil removal reagent, and on gene transfer control in microbial consortia. For the research study for the project, survey was made on useful substances produced by complex biosystem. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 survey report on the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system feasibility study. Feasibility study of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system in the Philippines; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa. Philippines ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Grasping the present situation of coal utilization technology in the Philippines, the paper proposed a feasibility study of introduction of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system which seems to be needed in the future. (1) Introduction of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system in the electric power generation sector: there are only four full-scale running coal thermal power plants in the Philippines. In the future, several coal thermal plants are planned to be constructed by 2005, but for the new installation, it is desirable to adopt fluidized bed boilers with wide application to coal kinds. In case of 0.3-1.0 million MW class plants, it is planned to adopt high grade import coals, and it will be natural to fire pulverized coal. For the processing of flue gas, it is a must to install desulfurization facilities and smoke/soot removal devices. (2) Utilization/development of domestic low grade coals: at the mine-mouth generating plant, it is necessary to investigate the economically minable amount of coal, confirm productivity, survey coal quality, etc., and select boiler. As to coal briquetting technology, it is necessary to examine coal quality for tests and make a thorough study of what technology is most suitable. 50 figs., 78 tabs.

Fiscal 2000 project on measures for assisting and diffusing environmentally-friendly coal utilization system introduction. CMG recovery/utilization system joint demonstration project; 2000 nendo kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system donyu shien nado fukyu taisaku jigyo chosa hokoku. CMG kaishu riyo system kyodo jissho jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

A CMG (coal mine gas) recovery/utilization system was designed, constructed, and then demonstrated at a model coal mining district in Liaoning Province for the purpose of contributing to the solution of energy and environment related problems in China. The recovery system demonstration test, aiming to improve on safety and productivity of coal mining and to supply recovered gas with stability, involved gas drainage test boring, mine sealing, sealed gas induction control, centralized gas monitoring, etc., which were carried out at the coal mine working face. A utilization system demonstration test was conducted, and CMG would continue to be supplied to the current users and CMG utilization would be started at the other 6 coal mines. For the supply of CMG to large-scale gas consuming areas, steel materials were manufactured and processed for spherical gas holders and denitrification facilities, gas holders were constructed, pipe lines were installed, and a provisional gas supply was carried out. For the transfer and diffusion of the technology, Chinese engineers were trained in Japan and Japanese engineers were dispatched to China. (NEDO)

FY 1998 report on the results of the development of utilization technology of biological resources such as bioconsortia. Development of the bioconsortia system utilization/production technology; 1998 nendo fukugo seibutsukei nado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Fukugo seibutsukei riyo seisan gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For the purpose of developing the industrial utilization technology, analysis was made of functions and interactions of the specified functional biological groups, and at the same time the developmental study was made of the technology to isolate/culture the constitutive biological groups. The FY 1998 results were summed up. As to the technology to detect microorganisms in soil, the SFDA method was improved and the new dyeing method was developed. And, there almost was hope for the development. Concerning the functional analysis technology, the functional substances peculiarly manifested only in the complex system in the ocean environment are searched. Several kinds of compounds were found out, and at the same time the test to confirm the biological activity is under way. Relating to the isolation/culture technology, study was made on rotten fruit, and the existence in the sample of the microorganisms which are difficult in isolation/culture was newly confirmed. In regard to the culture of the microorganisms which are difficult in isolation/culture, availability of the replica method was found out. As to the technology to produce functional substances, studies were made on the following: utilization technology of the environmental harmony type oil/water separation polymer producing microbial consortia, method to artificially make gene exchanges in the microbial consortia, etc. (NEDO)

FY 1998 report on the results of the development of utilization technology of biological resources such as bioconsortia. Development of the bioconsortia system utilization/production technology; 1998 nendo fukugo seibutsukei nado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Fukugo seibutsukei riyo seisan gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For the purpose of establishing the technology to use high grade functions of the bioconsortia system, the R and D were conducted, and the FY 1998 results were summed up. As to the study of functional material producing technology, screening of the 2400 strains owned by Marine Biotechnology Institute was conducted using reporter strain, and about 400 strains of homoserine lactone producing bacteria which are interbiological information convey substances were obtained. Concerning the effective decomposing/purifying technology of petroleum products, study of petroleum decomposition analysis technology was finished in the development of culture/control technology of petroleum decomposition microbial consortia constitutive bacteria. Relating to the analysis of the petroleum decomposition microbial consortia, changes in the bacteria population at the site of the heavy oil pollution accident on the Sea of Japan were investigated for the past one year by the PCR/DGGE method. It was found out that levels of the oil pollution in ocean could be assessed by measuring the concentration of Alcanivorax. As to the technology for highly utilizing unused petroleum fractions, conducted were the chemical analysis of photolytic crude oil, selection of the decomposition microbial consortia, etc. (NEDO)

Collection and arrangement of the geological data in the northern part of Hokkaido

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kanekiyo, Toyohiko

1999-12-01

The present article is to collect, to arrange, and to make new figures of the data owned by the private company in and around the site proposed for the Underground Research Laboratory (tentative name). The categories of the data are, 1) surface geological survey, 2) gravity survey, 3) seismic survey, and 4) result of the drilling well. The 1:50,000 scaled geographic maps of Toyotomi and Onobunai published by Geographical Survey Institute (GSI) of the Ministry of Construction cover the area of compiled geological survey. Formations of Masuporo, Wakkanai, Koetoi, and Yuchi are distributed in the studied area. There are some folding axes trending NNW-SSE in this area. Two notable thrust faults named Toyotomi Fault and Omagari Fault are developed and running parallel to the Toyotomi and Omagari - Yuko Anticlines. In the eastern area of these faults, the Koetoi and the lower formations are distributed with small faulted blocks. In the western area, on the other hand, the Koetoi and the upper formations are distributed with relatively gentle dip. The 1:50,000 scaled maps of Toyotomi, Wakkasakinai, Onobunai, and Teshio, published by GSI, cover the area of compiled data of gravity survey. The locations of anticline recognized from geological survey and seismic survey correspond to the area of low gravity anomaly in the west of the above mentioned faults. It may call 'abnormal gravity area'. The area of compiled seismic survey is almost the same as that of gravity survey. The underground geological contour map was made for the base of the Masuporo Formation, because this horizon is the only one that could be traced in almost of the seismic record sections over the study area. Only a little seismic reflection can be seen in the eastern area of the faults mentioned above. The well was drilled on the Kawaguchi Anticline, and the total depth (T.D) is 4,505 m. Therefore, various kind of data are arranged to the T.D continuously, and displayed in the enclosed figures. The result

Effects of 16-week high-intensity interval training using upper and lower body ergometers on aerobic fitness and morphological changes in healthy men: a preliminary study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Osawa Y

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Yusuke Osawa,1,2,* Koichiro Azuma,3,* Shogo Tabata,3 Fuminori Katsukawa,2 Hiroyuki Ishida,2 Yuko Oguma,2 Toshihide Kawai,4 Hiroshi Itoh,4 Shigeo Okuda,5 Hideo Matsumoto3 1Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; 2Sports Medicine Research Center, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan; 3Institute for Integrated Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan; 4Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan; 5Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan *Yusuke Osawa and Koichiro Azuma are co-first authors of this article Abstract: It is unclear whether combined leg and arm high-intensity interval training (HIIT improves fitness and morphological characteristics equal to those of leg-based HIIT programs. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of HIIT using leg-cycling (LC and arm-cranking (AC ergometers with an HIIT program using only LC. Effects on aerobic capacity and skeletal muscle were analyzed. Twelve healthy male subjects were assigned into two groups. One performed LC-HIIT (n=7 and the other LC- and AC-HIIT (n=5 twice weekly for 16 weeks. The training programs consisted of eight to 12 sets of >90% VO2 (the oxygen uptake that can be utilized in one minute peak for 60 seconds with a 60-second active rest period. VO2 peak, watt peak, and heart rate were measured during an LC incremental exercise test. The cross-sectional area (CSA of trunk and thigh muscles as well as bone-free lean body mass were measured using magnetic resonance imaging and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The watt peak increased from baseline in both the LC (23%±38%; P<0.05 and the LC–AC groups (11%±9%; P<0.05. The CSA of the quadriceps femoris muscles also increased from baseline in both the LC (11%±4%; P<0.05 and the LC–AC groups (5%±5%; P<0.05. In contrast, increases were observed in the CSA of

Self-rated cognitive functions following chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer: a 6-month prospective study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kitahata R

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Ryosuke Kitahata,1 Shinichiro Nakajima,1–4 Hiroyuki Uchida,1,3 Tetsu Hayashida,5 Maiko Takahashi,5 Shintaro Nio,1 Jinichi Hirano,1 Maki Nagaoka,1 Takefumi Suzuki,1 Hiromitsu Jinno,6 Yuko Kitagawa,5 Masaru Mimura1 1Psychopharmacology Research Program, Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan; 2Multimodal Imaging Group – Research Imaging Centre, 3Geriatric Mental Health Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 4Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; 5Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, 6Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate subjective (self-rated, family-rated, and objective (researcher-rated cognitive functions in patients with breast cancer after chemotherapy.Method: We conducted a prospective study to trace self-rated cognitive functions in 30 patients with breast cancer at the completion of chemotherapy (T0 and 6 months later (T1. Subjective cognitive functions were assessed with Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ, Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX-S, and Everyday Memory Checklist (EMC-S for attention, executive function, and episodic memory, respectively. Their family members also completed DEX-I and EMC-I for executive function and episodic memory, respectively. We also examined objective cognitive functions. Self-rated cognitive functions were compared with the normative data. They were compared between T0 and T1. We calculated correlation coefficients between self-rated and other cognitive functions.Results: At T0, 6 (20.0% and 2 (6.7% participants showed higher DEX-S and EMC-S scores than the normative data, respectively, while no participant had abnormal CFQ scores. At T1, DEX-S and EMC-S scores were normalized in 3 (50.0% and 2 (100.0% participants, respectively. No participant showed increases in CFQ scores. No changes were found in objective

Utilization of healthcare services in postpartum women in the Philippines who delivered at home and the effects on their health: a cross-sectional analytical study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yamashita T

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Tadashi Yamashita,1 Maria Teresa Reyes Tuliao,2 Magdalena Concel Meana,2 Sherri Ann Suplido,3 Cecilia L Llave,4 Yuko Tanaka,5 Hiroya Matsuo6 1Kobe City College of Nursing, Kobe, Japan; 2Health Department of Muntinlupa, Muntinlupa, Philippines; 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines; 4College of Medicine (CM, University of the Philippine (UP, Manila, Philippines; 5Department of School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan; 6Department of International Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan Background: A low ratio of utilization of healthcare services in postpartum women may contribute to maternal deaths during the postpartum period. The maternal mortality ratio is high in the Philippines. The aim of this study was to examine the current utilization of healthcare services and the effects on the health of women in the Philippines who delivered at home. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical study, based on a self-administrated questionnaire, conducted from March 2015 to February 2016 in Muntinlupa, Philippines. Sixty-three postpartum women who delivered at home or at a facility were enrolled for this study. A questionnaire containing questions regarding characteristics, utilization of healthcare services, and abnormal symptoms during postpartum period was administered. To analyze the questionnaire data, the sample was divided into delivery at home and delivery at a facility. Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and Mann–Whitney U test were used. Results: There were significant differences in the type of birth attendant, area of residence, monthly income, and maternal and child health book usage between women who delivered at home and those who delivered at a facility (P<0.01. There was significant difference in the utilization of antenatal checkup (P<0.01 during pregnancy, whilst there was no

FY 1998 survey report. Survey to prepare a data book related to new energy technology development (Trends on the waste power generation, solar heat utilization, geothermal power generation, clean energy cars, coal liquefaction/coal gasification and new energy); 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Shin energy gijutsu kaihatsu kankei data shu sakusei chosa (haikibutsu hatsuden, taiyonetsu riyo, chinetsu hatsuden, clean energy, jidosha, sekitan ekika gas ka oyobi shin energy kanren doko)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Together with the progress of technology development, policies for the introduction/promotion of new energy technology are being developed such as promotion of the commercialization development, revision of the law system, and expansion of the subsidy system for promotion. To push the introduction/promotion forward more effectively, it is necessary to arrange various kinds of data comprehensively/systematically and to make them the basic data for contribution to the spread/education. As to the six fields of the waste power generation, solar heat utilization, geothermal power generation, clean energy cars, coal liquefaction, and coal gasification of the technology fields of new energy, this report collected/arranged the data made public recently in terms mainly of the following: trends of the introduction in Japan and abroad, policy/law/subsidy system in Japan and abroad, cost, system outline, basic terms, a list of the main affiliated companies and groups, and the nation's outlook for energy introduction and policies of each new energy technology in Japan and abroad, and the trends. Moreover, characteristics by field were described of the state of the commercialization/introduction of new energy technology. (NEDO)

Study on the creation of inorganic materials using micro-gravity environment; Bisho juryoku kankyo riyo muki zairyo no sosei kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Creation of new functional inorganic materials using micro-gravity environment was studied. Observation of an electrode interface phenomenon under micro-gravity clarified that time variation in interference fringe is dependent on current density and electrode thickness in ground experiment, while it is dependent on not electrode thickness but current density under micro-gravity. In fabrication of glass fine particles under micro-gravity, true spherical glass fine particles of 4-7{mu}m in size were obtained corresponding to a charge of 40mg by evaporation and solidification of sodium tellurate glass as raw material under micro-gravity. In fabrication of non-harmonic Pb-Zn system alloy, the homogeneous alloy texture of 5{mu}m level was observed which has never been observed in previous metal phase diagrams by fusion of 80atom%Pb-20atom%Zn mixture under micro-gravity and quenching from 500degC. On the study on fabrication of spherical semiconductor crystals, 7 spherical Si single crystals of 300{mu}m in size were obtained. 12 refs., 48 figs., 2 tabs.

Transition of wind power utilization technology in the 20th century; 20 seiki ni okeru furyoku riyo gijutsu no hensen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ushiyama, I. [Ashikaga Inst. of Tech., Tochigi (Japan)

2000-04-01

Windmills are one of the oldest prime movers and have been used for more than 700 years in Europe. The transition from low speed windmills for grain grinding and water pumping to high speed wind turbines for electric power generation had occurred at the end of 19{sup th} century. This paper, at first, reviews the windmill technologies and the researchers before 20th century. Then describes the back ground of how the wind power generator has existed and how the four pioneers developed their wind power generator. The historical developments of windmills to wind turbines in this century are studied focusing mainly on Danish activities. Then, the effort of the development of large wind turbine such as Smith-Putnum's first MW machine in U.S.A. and other mammoth machine concept are introduced. The new concept machines such as Savonius and Darrieus wind turbines in 1920s to 1930s are also explained. Finally, the novel technologies of wind turbine covering larger machines, variable speed generators, special wing sections for wind turbines, theoretical analysis method of wind turbine performance, offshore wind turbines, and wind turbine control technologies are stated. (author)

Forward prediction of tunnel face by use of equi-traveltime planes; Tosojimen no riyo ni yoru tunnel kiriha zenpo tansa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ashida, Y [Kyoto University, Kyoto (Japan). Faculty of Engineering; Hirano, T [Nishimatsu Construction Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1996-05-01

The result is reported herein of a depth transform algorithm application utilizing equi-traveltime planes in reflection seismic exploration for the purpose of knowing the structure configuration in front of the tunnel face in a tunnel excavation process. A vibration producing hole was provided 0.5m above the ground surface while a vibration receiving hole was provided at 1.5m above the ground surface, and the excavated lengths were 1.5m and 0.5m, respectively. There were 24 recording channels, from which inline offset records were taken. The on-site records were subjected to 100-1000Hz band pass filtering. The elastic wave propagation rate in the rock used for depth conversion was set at 400m/s in consideration of the distance and direct wave travel time from the vibration source to the vibration receiving point. As the result of study, weak layers were found in the neighborhood of 230-240m, 260-270m, and 280-290m. This method requires less core memory for calculation and completes calculation in a shorter period of time, which enables a conclusion that it will be effective in grasping the 3-dimensional structure in front of the tunnel face in the working scene. 4 refs., 7 figs.

Environmentally friendly type coal utilization technology transfer project. Downstream field; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo gijutsu iten jigyo. Karyu bun`ya

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The paper arranged the result of the clean coal technology transfer project carried out during October to December, 1996. For the purpose of supporting introduction/spread of clean coal technology (CCT) in Asian and Pacific countries, the project invited engineers of the countries to Japan, aiming at fermentation of the understanding of CCT and improvement in ability. The project was held by NEDO and managed by Center for Coal Utilization, Japan. The manager course is for policy decision makers, management and senior management (plant manager class). By taking up CCT assessment and a menu of economical efficiency, prepared was the environment to which CCT is introduced in case of working out policy and planning plant/equipment investment. Moreover, the engineer course is for policy planners, medium-class management (section chief class), senior engineers (planners), and takes up materials for judgment in case of planning CCT facilities and proposing measures to reduce environmental loads by management and improvement of facilities at the same time. Fifteen engineers were invited: 6 from China, 3 from Indonesia, 3 from the Philippines, and 3 from Thailand

Basic research program for innovated coal utilization in Japan. BRAIN-C program; Sekitan riyo kiban gijutsu kaihatsu. BRAIN-C program

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Harada, M [Center for Coal Utilization, Japan, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-09-01

This paper introduces the circumstances and purpose of establishing the Basic Research Associate for Innovated Coal Utilization (BRAIN-C) Program started in October 1995, and the summary of the results therefrom in fiscal 1995. Although development of coal utilization technologies has been implemented over a number of years, there are many problems still requiring solutions. Early realization has been urged on diversification of coal utilization, acceleration of technological development and diversification of coal types. In order to achieve these goals, the necessity was recognized afresh on not only the hardwares, but also on basic technologies in terms of software which can identify properties of coals, systematize different reactions, and estimate reactions, fluidity and heat transmission of coals. Therefore, receiving a subsidy from the Agency of Natural Resources and Energy of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry, a research and development program to be implemented jointly by industries, administrative agencies and academic societies had been started with a five-year plan for the time being. With the activities for the program such as collecting 50 to 100 types of coals and supplying them to researchers, the program had been accelerated in fiscal 1995 on a large number of themes and results therefrom, including fundamental properties and thermo-chemical reactions. 2 figs., 4 tabs.

Test results of cultivation of vegetables with fish breeding water; Yogyosui riyo ni yoru yasai saibai shiken kekka ni tsuite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nishida, S. [Hokuriku Electric Power Co. Inc., Toyama (Japan)

1997-10-28

Entrails of fish, fowls and domestic animals are mostly incinerated at large expenses, although partly used as foods. This study is to test `possibility of vegetable cultivation with fish breeding water,` where the entrail wastes are used as baits for fish breeding, and fish excretions are used as the fertilizer for vegetable cultivation to purify water for fish breeding. The cultivation bed consists of two sections, one for fish breeding/vegetable cultivation and the other for vegetable cultivation by the normal method. Vegetable grow notably less in the former than in the latter, 54.6 to 79.5 versus 100. Spinach contains slightly higher contents of vitamins A and C by 6 and 13%, when cultivated in the former than in the latter. Quantities of total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as the fertilizer components in the former are 49, 49 and 1.7% of those in the latter. It is predicted, judging from growth of the vegetables, that the former gives a harvest comparable with that by the latter, when given a 6 to 13 days longer cultivation period. 3 figs., 2 tabs.

Survey research report by the hydrogen occluding alloy utilization development committee; Suiso kyuzo gokin riyo kaihatsu iinkai chosa kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1985-03-01

This report summarizes the FY 1984 survey research results, issued by the hydrogen occluding alloy utilization development committee. The basic property subcommittee is responsible for collecting published data related to the basic properties of metal halides as much as possible, and pigeonholing them to have the data which can contribute to development of the new alloys for basic researches and engineering applications of hydrogen occluding alloys. The subcommittee members have collected these data. The common theme subcommittee has planned to collect the P-C-T diagrams of the hydrogen occluding alloys and new alloys as much as possible, for the designs, development, production and system designs of the hydrogen occluding alloys. The P-C-T diagrams have been collected for a total of 340 types of alloys, which fall into the broad categories of Mg-based, TiFe-based, TiMn-based, other Ti-based, rare-earth-based, Zr-based, Ca-based and others. The analytical methods have been also investigated while collecting P-C-T diagrams. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the basic survey to promote Joint Implementation, etc. Feasibility study of the effective utilization of by-product high-sulfur concentration petroleum coke at Fujian Petrochemical Co. Ltd., Fujian Province, China; 2000 nendo kyodo jisshi nado suishin kiso chosa hokokusho. Chugoku sekiyu kako shudan koji fukusei ren'yu kako yugen koji Fujian koio nodo sekiyu cokes no yuko riyo ni kansuru F/S chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of conserving energy and reducing greenhouse effect gas emission, an investigational study was conducted for the project on the effective utilization of high-sulfur petroleum coke at Fujian Petrochemical Co., Fujian Province, China. In the project, IGCC (integrated gasification combined cycle) power generation facilities are introduced to the refinery of Fujian Petrochemical Co. By gasifying the residues produced from the refinery as raw material, the gas clean the same as natural gas is produced and is used as power generation use fuel. As a result of the study, the energy conservation amount was 94,300 toe/y, and was 1,414,500 toe in cumulative amount during 15 years. Further, the amount of greenhouse effect gas reduction was 291,600 t-CO2/y, and was 4,374,000 t-CO2 in cumulative amount during 15 years. The construction cost of the project is approximately 29.7 billion yen. The annual profit to be obtained from the project is approximately 8.66 billion yen, which is indicated by difference between before and after the implementation of the project. The calculated years required for return of investment were 3.4. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 survey report. Feasibility study of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system (feasibility study of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system in India); 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa (Indo ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The survey was conducted of the present situation of coal utilization and the present coal situation such as the environmental state of India which is a coal producing/consuming country next to China in Asia. The paper studied a feasibility of the introduction of the environmental friendly type coal utilization system` to be planned in India. The items for survey are the present situation of economy and energy and the future trend, environmental problems on coal utilization, the present status of the coal distribution system and study subjects, the present status of coal utilization by field and study subjects, a possibility of briquette use, a possibility of coal fluidization, electric power development plans and coal combustion technology in each industry, etc. The subjects are the obligation of coal preparation to coal thermal power plants 1000 km away from coal mines starting 2001, measures taken for effective ash use, measures taken for superannuated gas furnaces, etc. Based on the results of these site surveys and reports of the investigation under consignment from CMPDI, the paper studied/analyzed possibilities of introducing the coal utilization system having actual introduction results in Japan to India, and made an investigational report. 39 refs., 12 figs., 56 tabs.

Fiscal 1996 survey report on the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system feasibility study. Feasibility study of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system in Malaysia and Vietnam; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa. Malaysia Vietnam ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

This survey arranged the status of coal utilization technology and the status of coal production, supply, etc. in Malaysia and Vietnam, examined/studied coal utilization systems in both countries, and finally assessed feasibility of introducing the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system. As a country of primary energy source which is abundant in crude oil, natural gas, hydroelectric power, coal, etc., Malaysia now depends on crude oil and natural gas for 80% of its energy, and places emphasis on exploration of natural gas and oil refining. In electric power and cement industries where coal is consumed, effectiveness and environmental issues in association with coal utilization are future subjects. In Vietnam, the north is abundant in hydroelectric power and anthracite, and the south in oil and gas resource, but the north and central districts are in a state of undevelopment. Coal is used for coal thermal power generation, cement industry, and residential/commercial fuel. In the future, effective coal utilization and environmental issues will be subjects. 16 refs., 38 figs., 75 tabs.

Fiscal 2000 operation report. Fiscal 2000 model project for promoting advanced utilization of coal (Survey on data control system for advanced utilization of coal in Japan); 2000 nendo sekitan kodo riyo shuishin moderu jigyo gyomu hokokusho. Nihon no sekitan kodo riyo ni kakawaru data kanri system chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With the purpose of contributing to the drafting of, for example, measures for securing coal resources for Japan and strategies for developing coal utilization technologies from the standpoint of the world climate of the coal supply/demand in the future, database was built concerning coal information such as coal-related supply/demand trend, technological development and utilization status in Japan and foreign countries, with the results of fiscal 2000 reported. In the preparation of related applications, a jump function in the case of pages unregistered with related subjects was added to the coal information retrieval system completed last year, as were a subdividing function of retrieval conditions and a link function to pages of a technical term dictionary. In the arrangement of the database classified by the fields, programs were prepared on 14 tables primarily in relation to supply and demand, with the collection, processing and registration of the data performed. In addition, in order to deal with the clarification of the patent licensing of GIF related technologies, there was developed a graph display program using a general-purpose language, Java. (NEDO)

FY 1998 R and D of utilization of biological resources such as those in bioconsortia. Report on development results of techniques for utilization/production of organisms in bioconsortia; 1998 nendo fukugo seibutsukeinado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Fukugo seibutsukei riyo seisan gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The objectives are set to analyze functions and interactions of organisms having specific functions, to develop the techniques for isolating and cultivating the constituent organisms, and thereby to develop the techniques for their industrial utilization, in order to develop the techniques for handling organisms in bioconsortia as the techniques to utilize their functions, e.g., production and decomposition of materials, and also to develop the techniques for culturing/controlling microorganisms in bioconsortia and for strengthening their functions. The FY 1998 themes are development of the functional material production technology, and comprehensive study for the project. More concretely, the former includes histochemical analytical technology (development of techniques for detecting microorganisms in soil, and of techniques for in-situ detection/isolation of specific microorganisms in bioconsortia and for analysis their functions), isolation and culture technology (development of detection, separation and cultivation technology of microorganisms that are not easily cultured), functional substance production technology (technical utilization of microbial consortia for production of environment-friendly oil/water separation polymers), and functional material production technology (development of methods for artificial gene exchange in microbial consortia). (NEDO)

Report on achievements in fiscal 1999. Development of technology to utilize biological resources such as composite organism systems (development of technology to utilize and produce composite organism systems); 1999 nendo fukugo seibutsukei nado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Fukugo seibutsukei riyo seisan gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

It is intended to achieve the following objectives in terms of the technologies to utilize such functions as material production and material decomposition by using composite organism systems: develop a technology to handle the composite organism systems; establish a composite microorganism cultivation control technology, and a composite microorganism system function strengthening technology; develop a technology to separate and cultivate organism groups constituting them, and develop industrial utilization technologies. The fiscal 1999 has discussed developing the elementary technologies for the technology to utilize functions of the composite organism systems on the following research items: 1. a functional material production technology; and 2. comprehensive investigations and researches. In Item 1, development was made on a technology to detect, separate and cultivate microorganisms in soil as the histochemical analytical technology. Development was made on an in situ detection, separation and function analyzing technology for particular composite microorganisms as the function analyzing technology. In the separation and cultivation technology, development was made on a technology to detect, separate and cultivate difficult-to-cultivate microorganisms. In the functional material production technology, development was made on a technology to utilize microbial consortia producing environmentally harmonizing oil-water separating polymers, and a method to execute artificially the gene exchange in the microbial consortia. (NEDO)

Development and application of corrosion and protection database using intranet; Intoranetto wo riyo shita zairyo fushoku detabesu no kochiku to katsuyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Futatsugi, Takashi.; Baba, Fumio.; Suzuki, Tsuguo. [Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Tokyo (Japan). Technology and Engineering Laboratories

1999-05-15

A new corrosion and protection database system, which stores a large amount of documents and informations about corrosion and protection, such as case histories, materials data, fabrication methods and repairing methods, has been developed. Users of the database system can be accessed using WWW browser via Intranet. This database can be operated by easy handling with only click and drug. The database system is expected to offer a wide knowledge for corrosion related engineers and to decrease corrosion troubles. (author)

Utilization of hot exhaust water from power station to marine cultivation to increase product. Hatsudensho onhaisui no suisan zoyoshoku eno riyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chiba, K [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Agriculture

1990-07-20

A large quantity of waste sea water, exhausted after having been used as cooling water in the thermal and unclear power stations, is higher by about 7 centigrade in temperature than that when taken in. Its utilization to the marine cultivation to increase product was explained in present status and points of problem. Among aquatic animals to like high temperature, those, valuavle from the viewpoint of fishery, are bred in different places. Upon breeding spawn to fry young fish, there are two methods of using it, ie., as species to be cultivated or let go in the water flow, and for the production of edible fish, high in price, such as sea bream, yellowtail and lobster. In any case, hot exhaust water gives effect of having fish quickly grow, and stimulating spawn and fry young fish in sexual ripeness. For example, ear shell and prawn are 5 to 6 times in elongation of shell length and 9 times even in weight, respectively, as large as those in case of natural sea water. While there are problems in costing required for pumping hot exhaust water up in the cultivation on land, and temperature adjustment in summer and winter, and water quality control in the crawl cultivation at the water takeout, which must be going to be solved for the commercialization and industrialization. 10 figs., 1 tab.

Survey on a possibility of geothermal utilization in Tomakomai City; 1980 nendo Tomakomaishi ni okeru chinetsu riyo kanosei ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1980-11-01

This paper describes a possibility of geothermal utilization in Tomakomai City. The Tomakomai area has an extremely great amount of hot water existing in deep layers, leading to a consideration that it is very highly possible to develop the hot water. As seen from the underground structure and ground temperature gradient in the Tomakomai sedimentary basin, the development depth would be considerably great, being assumed to be about 2,000 meters. The acquisition amount per well is estimated 100 m{sup 3}/hour or more at 65 degrees C. Rise in petroleum price in the future is an unavoidable fate, hence geothermal water utilization has a fully bright future. The water has relatively low temperature, and is effective for use in room heating, hot water supply, and agricultural and livestock industries. It is worth considering utilization as a local energy system. It has also large secondary effects. According to the latest trial calculation, the unit price for hot water for room heating and hot water supply would be 10 to 20 yen per 1,000 kilo-calories. If the same amount of hot water should be supplied from a boiler, fossil fuel of 20,470 kl/year would be required. If converted by using a kerosene price of 75 yen per liter, the cost would be 1.3 billion 35 million yen, comparatively higher than the geothermal water utilization. (NEDO)

Evaluation of the performance in the solar assisted heat pump system; Taiyonetsu riyo heat pump system no seino hyoka ni tsuite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saito, Y [Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka (Japan)

1996-10-27

Performance of a solar heating system with a hydrothermal source heat pump was evaluated and compared with that of a direct solar heating system. The sun-dependency rates ({Sigma}D and {Sigma}H)of the direct system and heat pump (HP)-provided system were expressed as a function of the rate ({alpha}) of the auxiliary heat against the collected heat and as a function of the performance coefficient and {alpha}, respectively. When the sun-dependency rates are compared, it is found that the HP-provided system is the more advantageous when {Sigma}H/{Sigma}D>1. The relationship between the {alpha}`s of the two systems was clarified and computation was performed to compare the sun-dependency rates on condition that the two are equal in the heat collecting area. Although the sun-dependence rate cannot be elevated to 100% in the HP-provided system, it achieves a sun-dependency rate higher than that of the direct system even when the heat collecting area is small. In cases where the building is economically limited, for instance, with respect to the area for solar collector installation, it is advantageous to employ the HP-provided system. 5 figs., 1 tab.

Sampling and preparation method for mutagenicity test of exhaust gas from municipal waste incinerator; Haikibutsu shokyakuro hai gas no hen`i gensei shiken no tameno shiryo saishu/chosei hoho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yoshino, H. [Kanagawa Environmental Research Center, Kanagawa (Japan); Urano, K. [Yokohama National Univ. (Japan)

1994-09-10

It is well known that many kinds of hazardous organic compounds in incinerator exhaust gases. In this study, a simple sampling method to test mutagenicity on exhaust gases in flue and its extracting and its solvent converting methods by organic solvents were examined. In sampling 100 to 300 l at about 2 l/min in aspirating speed of the extract gases, the most of mutagenic substance were collected almost completely by condensed water and qualtz wool column. And, the collected materials into the condensed water could almost perfectly recovered by extracting the condensed water with about its one fourth volume of ethylacetate on vibrating once in 5 min., extracting the quartz wool column on flowing 20 ml of ethylacetate at the speed of about 3 ml/min., and others. After mixing such effluents and dewatering with about 5 g of sodium sulfate, they are evaporated out ethylacetate and resolved with 5 ml of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) to execute Ames mutagenicity test. As a result, more than about 3000 net rev./Nm{sup 3} of the mutagenicity was estmated on TA 98 strain. 9 refs., 5 figs., 8 tabs.

FY1995 research report on the survey of cryogenic energy utilization systems for environmentally friendly energy community project. Case studies of LNG cryogenic energy cascade-wise utilization; 1995 nendo kankyo chowagata energycommunity jigyo ni kakawaru reinetsu riyo system kento chosa hokokusho. LNG reinetsu no cascade teki riyo case study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Japan's import of LNG (liquefied natural gas) has increased in these 15 years from 13-million tons to 43-million tons at a high rate of 2-million tons a year. At present LNG is used only in power generation and town gas business, and its cryogenic feature which may be useful in various fields is not being utilized. In this survey, factors impeding the wider application of the cryogenic energy are investigated, methods for using the energy more widely and mechanisms required therefor are studied, and discussion is made about the feasibility of the utilization of the energy in a cascade-wise form under the environmentally friendly energy community project. Researches are conducted and the results are evaluated in a study carried out on the comprehensive utilization of LNG cryogenic energy. These researches involve the actualities and trends of LNG cryogenic energy utilization in Japan; current status and prospect of the involvement of LNG bases with their neighboring industries and communities; technological measures for cryogenic energy utilization; technological measures related to low-temperature media and cold heat transportation systems; technological measures for the cascade-wise multidirectional utilization of cryogenic energy; and case studies on assumed local models. (NEDO)

FY1995 research report on the survey of cryogenic energy utilization systems for environmentally friendly energy community project. Case studies of LNG cryogenic energy cascade-wise utilization; 1995 nendo kankyo chowagata energycommunity jigyo ni kakawaru reinetsu riyo system kento chosa hokokusho. LNG reinetsu no cascade teki riyo case study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Japan's import of LNG (liquefied natural gas) has increased in these 15 years from 13-million tons to 43-million tons at a high rate of 2-million tons a year. At present LNG is used only in power generation and town gas business, and its cryogenic feature which may be useful in various fields is not being utilized. In this survey, factors impeding the wider application of the cryogenic energy are investigated, methods for using the energy more widely and mechanisms required therefor are studied, and discussion is made about the feasibility of the utilization of the energy in a cascade-wise form under the environmentally friendly energy community project. Researches are conducted and the results are evaluated in a study carried out on the comprehensive utilization of LNG cryogenic energy. These researches involve the actualities and trends of LNG cryogenic energy utilization in Japan; current status and prospect of the involvement of LNG bases with their neighboring industries and communities; technological measures for cryogenic energy utilization; technological measures related to low-temperature media and cold heat transportation systems; technological measures for the cascade-wise multidirectional utilization of cryogenic energy; and case studies on assumed local models. (NEDO)

Achievement report on research and development in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1976. Comprehensive discussion on hydrogen utilizing subsystems and research on peripheral technologies (Research for chemical utilization); 1976 nendo suiso riyo subsystem no sogoteki kento to shuhen gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu seika hokokusho. Kagaku riyo ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1977-04-15

Surveys and studies were performed on chemical utilization of hydrogen regarding its status of development and utilization inside and outside the country, as well as its future prospect. This paper describes chemical utilization of hydrogen in ammonia, methanol, petroleum refining and other industries as the existing fields. It also describes chemical utilization of oxygen in iron and steel, chemical and other industries. It describes methanol as a pollution-free auxiliary fuel for electric power plants as a new type of hydrogen application. Acetic acid made by using the Monsanto method which carbonylate methanol is drawing attention in terms of economy, and is in the phase of discussing commercialization. Synthesizing ethylene glycol from carbon monoxide and hydrogen may be conceived economically. Methanol for synthesized protein depends on the possibility of future development. In the iron and steel industry, electric furnace steel makers are planning production of reduced iron, where the direct reduction process using hydrogen is considered as a complementary process, including countermeasures for scrap iron. This paper estimates hydrogen amount as a raw material for ammonia to remove NOx by using the ammonia reduction process. It also describes possibility of other types of utilization. (NEDO)

Feasibility study of environmentally friendly type coal utilization systems. Feasibility study of environmentally friendly type coal utilization systems in sectors except the coal industry in China; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa. Chugoku no sekitan kogyo igai no bumon ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

For the purpose of working out a comprehensive master plan for application of the coal utilization system, the paper surveyed and studied the coal utilization system in terms of environmental measures and efficiency improvement in the utilization of coal. As a result of the discussion with NEDO and the National Planning Committee of China, Liaoning Province (the whole China) and Shenyang City were selected as a model area and a model city for the survey and study. As energy conservation measures taken in the former, desirable are intensifying/capacity-increase of boilers, kilns, etc. and adoption of new-type/high-efficient equipment. Also expected are reinforcement of combustion control and improvement of efficiency by using coal preparation, industrial use coal briquette, etc. Measures taken in the latter are the same as those taken in the whole China. As SOx reduction measures for Liaoning Province, desirable is installation of dry-type desulfurization equipment and simple desulfurization equipment. As dust prevention measures for it, desirable is installation of electrostatic precipitators or high-functional bag filters. SOx reduction measures for Shenyang City are the same as those taken in the whole China. SOx can be reduced by using coal-prepared low-sulfur coal and industrial use coal briquette added with desulfurizing agent. 88 figs., 163 tabs.

FY 1974 report on the results of the Sunshine Project. Comprehensive study of hydrogen use subsystem and study on the periphery technology (Study on the chemical utilization); 1974 nendo suiso riyo subsystem no sogoteki kento to shuhen gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu seika hokokusho. Kagaku riyo ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1975-07-01

This paper reports on the present situation of the chemical use of hydrogen and oxygen, and the short-term, medium-term, and long-term forecast. The main usage of hydrogen is ammonia synthesis, petroleum refining, and methanol synthesis. In the usage of these three, there are factors of structural changes now and in future, and it is extremely difficult to predict the amount in a short term up to around 1980. In a medium term prediction, from the result of predicting the demand of ammonia, methanol and hydrodesulfurization, the total 1985 hydrogen demand is estimated at approximately 60 billion Nm{sup 3}, and approximately 67 billion Nm{sup 3} as the gross hydrogen demand. Further, judging from that synthetic protein, fuel use methanol, and reduced iron are estimated to reach a certain production size in and after 1985, new demand for hydrogen is expected to be approximately 100 billion Nm{sup 3} mostly including fuel use methanol. In a long term prediction, it is extremely hard to predict the demand because of various factors existing in Japan and abroad. As predicted in a medium term, the amount of chemical use of hydrogen is expected to increase more and more, even if calculating it only in the field of ammonia synthesis, petroleum refining, and methanol synthesis. (NEDO)

Ease-of-use preference for the ELLIPTA® dry powder inhaler over a commonly used single-dose capsule dry powder inhaler by inhalation device-naïve Japanese volunteers aged 40 years or older

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Komase Y

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Yuko Komase,1 Akimoto Asako,2 Akihiro Kobayashi,3 Raj Sharma4 1Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Yokohama City Seibu Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan; 2MA Respiratory Department, Development and Medical Affairs Unit, GlaxoSmithKline KK, Tokyo, Japan; 3Biomedical Data Sciences Department, GlaxoSmithKline KK, Tokyo, Japan; 4Global Respiratory Franchise Medical Department, GSK, Stockley Park, UK Background: In patients receiving inhaled medication, dissatisfaction with and difficulty in using the inhaler can affect treatment adherence. The incidence of handling errors is typically higher in the elderly than in younger people. The aim of the study was to assess inhaler preference for and handling errors with the ELLIPTA® dry powder inhaler (DPI, (GSK, compared with the established BREEZHALER™, a single-dose capsule DPI (Novartis, in inhalation device-naïve Japanese volunteers aged ≥40 years. Methods: In this open-label, nondrug interventional, crossover DPI preference study comparing the ELLIPTA DPI and BREEZHALER, 150 subjects were randomized to handle the ELLIPTA or BREEZHALER DPIs until the point of inhalation, without receiving verbal or demonstrative instruction (first attempt. Subjects then crossed over to the other inhaler. Preference was assessed using a self-completed questionnaire. Inhaler handling was assessed by a trained assessor using a checklist. Subjects did not inhale any medication in the study, so efficacy and safety were not measured. Results: The ELLIPTA DPI was preferred to the BREEZHALER by 89% of subjects (odds ratio [OR] 70.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 33.69–146.01; P-value not applicable for this inhaler for ease of use, by 63% of subjects (OR 2.98, CI 1.87–4.77; P<0.0001 for ease of determining the number of doses remaining in the inhaler, by 91% for number of steps required, and by 93% for time needed for handling the inhaler. The BREEZHALER was

Fiscal 2000 achievement report on the followup research on high-efficiency refuse-fueled power generation technology development; 2000 nendo kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu no follow up kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Followup research was conducted using a high-efficiency refuse-fueled power generation pilot plant for interpolating research and development results, improvement on refuse-fueled power generation efficiency, and for introduction and popularization of refuse-fueled power generation. Operation control and safety control were performed in compliance with the pilot plant operation program, when high-temperature high-pressure steam (500 degrees C, 100 atm) was stably generated for approximately 7,600 hours in this fiscal year recording a total of approximately 22,000 hours when counted from the beginning of the verification test. Plant operation data were examined and every part of the furnace was checked and measured while the furnace was at rest, and it was found that the plant satisfied the intended specifications as refuse-fueled power plant facilities. As for its environmental impact, it was confirmed that it fully satisfied the standard values for substances in exhaust gas, which involved soot and dust, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen chloride, and dioxins. Dioxins, in particular, were far below the most rigorous legal level of 0.1ng-TEQ/m{sup 3}N. In the test of superheater materials, long-term data covering three years were acquired. (NEDO)

Wastes disposal on board a ship. Crushing and volume reducing apparatus for combustible and non-combustible refuses; Senjo no haikibutsu shori. Kanen funen gomi no hasai gen`yo shori sochi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kishida, Y. [Hitachi Zosen Corp., Osaka (Japan)

1996-07-25

This paper introduces a refuse crushing apparatus to reduce for storage the volume of refuses produced on board a ship by crushing. Refuses to be crushed are solid wastes including solid combustible refuses such as paper, wood pieces, and cloths, non-combustible refuses such as empty cans, metals and glass, and refuses unsuitable for combustion, such as plastics and stylofoam. Crushing methods include impact system, compression system and shearing system. The shearing system shears and crushes refuses by using blades rotating at a low speed. The system has a wide range of crush ability and excellent versatility, generates low levels of dust, noise and vibration, and is suitable as a marine use refuse disposing apparatus. However, empty cans and PET bottles are more difficult of getting into cutting blades requiring a large amount of time for crushing. Therefore, it is more suitable to reduce volume of refuses by using a compressor or the like apparatuses, and then crush them by using a double-axial shearing crusher. Stylofoam causes its crushed pieces to be electrically charged and deposited onto the apparatus, hence it is more suitable to reduce the volume of refuses and make them brittle by heating, and then crush them by using the double-axial crusher. 2 figs.

FY 2000 report on the results of the project for measures for rationalization of the international energy utilization - the model project for the heightening of efficiency of the international energy consumption. 2/2. Model project for facilities for effective utilization of by-producing exhaust gases from chemical plant, etc.; 2000 nendo kokusai energy shohi koritsuka tou moderu jigyo seika hokokusho. Kagaku kojo fukusei haigasu tou yuko riyo setsubi moderu jigyo (2/2)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of contributing to the reduction in the energy consumption in China and the stable energy supply in Japan by heightening efficiency of the energy utilization in the petrochemical industry which is an industry of much energy consumption in China, a model project for facilities for effective utilization of by-producing gases from chemical plant, etc. was carried out, and the FY 2000 results were reported. Concretely, the combustion incinerator and combustion exhaust gas recovery facilities for waste water and gas were to be installed at acrylonitrile plant of petrochemical plant in China to recover the combustion exhaust gas as process gas used in plant for effective utilization. In this fiscal year, the detailed design and supply of electric instrumentation equipment and manufacture of boiler facilities were carried out according to the basic design made in the previous fiscal year. Further, the equipment manufactured in the previous year and this fiscal year were transported and inspected. The paper also reviewed drawings of the design of the facilities for part of which China takes responsibility. The separate volume (2/2) included drawings of valve, fire detector, orifice, thermocouple, motor control equipment, etc. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1993 international research cooperation project. Feasibility study of finding out the seeds of international joint research (technology for environmental preservation using biotechnology, technology for effective use of unused hydrocarbon resource, technology for development of environmental harmony type catalyst); 1995 nendo kokusai kyoryoku jigyo. Kokusai kyodo kenkyu seeds hakkutsu no tame no FS chosa (biotechnology ni yoru kankyo taisaku gijutsu, miriyo tanka suiso shigen no yuko riyo gijutsu, kankyo chowagata shokubai kaihatsu gijutsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

This project is aimed at internationally cooperating in the R and D of industrial technology and improving industrial technology of Japan. For it, the following three technologies were investigated: 1) environmental preservation technology using biotechnology, 2) technology for effective use of unused hydrocarbon resource, 3) technology for development of environmental harmony type catalyst. In 1), a survey was conducted of applicability of biological surfactant to prevention measures of pollution by heavy distillate. It showed that part of the biological surfactants is reaching a stage of its being industrially produced by gene recombination bacteria, but as a whole, biosynthetic genes have hardly been elucidated. In 2), a survey of high-grade treatment technology of petroleum coke was made. It pointed out that it is necessary to develop a technology which makes the most of features of petroleum coke and allows defects. In 3), scientists and engineers of Japan and Europe searched for themes on which they can jointly study in the fields of NOx removal catalyst, up-grading of fuel, and development of catalyst combustion of fuel. 287 refs., 136 figs., 128 tabs.

FY 2000 report on the results of the development of the program system CO2 fixation/effective utilization technology. Development of the technology to assess global warming gas recovery/emission control by restoring/preserving the tropical mangrove coastal ecosystem; 2000 nendo program hoshiki nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Mangrove nado nettai engan seitaikei no shufuku hozen ni yoru chikyu ondanka gas kaishu hoshutsu yokusei hyoka gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of developing the technology to assess the CO2 storage amount using the tropical mangrove coastal ecosystem, survey was conducted in the mangrove tree area in Ishigaki island, Japan and in Trat province, Thailand, and a draft of the assessment method was worked out. As to the assessment of the CO2 existence amount by analysis of satellite pictures, the regression equation between the mangrove existence amount and Landsat satellite data was determined to study a method for assessment of the CO2 storage amount in the whole area for survey. Further, using the relational equation between NDVI and LAI, vegetation indices reflecting vegetation conditions, methods to estimate the CO2 absorption amount by photosynthesis of mangrove tree community, the CO2 emission amount by respiration and the net production amount. Concerning the technology to assess the terrestrial area photosynthesis CO2 absorption amount, methods were studied for direct measurement of the amount of photosynthesis/respiration of the leaf area of mangrove tree community and the respiration amount by area such as trunk, branch and root and for assessment of CO2 absorption amount. Besides, studies were made on a variety of items such as the CO2 absorption/emission amount by underwater photosynthesis/respiration and decomposition of organic substances, the seawater exchange amount, and the rate of decomposition of organic substances. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the project for measures for rationalization of the international energy utilization - the model project for the heightening of efficiency of the international energy consumption. 1/2. Model project for facilities for effective utilization of by-producing exhaust gases from chemical plant, etc.; 2000 nendo kokusai energy shohi koritsuka tou moderu jigyo seika hokokusho. Kagaku kojo fukusei haigasu tou yuko riyo setsubi moderu jigyo (1/2)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of contributing to the reduction in the energy consumption in China and the stable energy supply in Japan by heightening efficiency of the energy utilization in the petrochemical industry which is an industry of much energy consumption in China, a model project for facilities for effective utilization of by-producing gases from chemical plant, etc. was carried out, and the FY 2000 results were reported. Concretely, the combustion incinerator and combustion exhaust gas recovery facilities for waste water and gas were to be installed at acrylonitrile plant of petrochemical plant in China to recover the combustion exhaust gas as process gas used in plant for effective utilization. The plant at installation site has been run since 1995, having a production capacity of 50,000-60,000 tons. In this fiscal year, the detailed design and supply of electric instrumentation equipment and manufacture of boiler facilities were carried out according to the basic design made in the previous fiscal year. Further, the equipment manufactured in the previous year and this fiscal year were transported and inspected. The paper also reviewed drawings of the design of the facilities for part of which China takes responsibility. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 international research cooperation project. Feasibility study of finding out the seeds of international joint research (technology for effective use of saturated hydrocarbon, technology for reducing excess of aromatic hydrocarbon, high-grade treatment technology of petroleum coke); 1996 nendo kokusai kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo. Kokusai kyodo kenkyu seeds hakkutsu no tame no FS chosa (howa tanka suiso no yuko riyo gijutsu, hokozoku tanka suiso no yojo taisaku gijutsu, sekiyu cokes no kodo shori gijutsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

This project is aimed at internationally cooperating in the R and D of industrial technology and improving industrial technology of Japan. For it, the following three technologies were investigated: (1) technology for effective use of saturated hydrocarbon, (2) technology for reducing excess of aromatic hydrocarbon, (3) high-grade treatment technology of petroleum coke. In (1), surveys were conducted of technologies of effective use of natural gas and effective use of C4 saturated hydrocarbon. Surveyed were a method for producing synthesis gas from natural gas, a technology to liquefy natural gas into fuel following the synthesis gas production process, a technology to liquefy natural gas into fuel without the synthesis gas production process, and the trend of effective use of C4 saturated hydrocarbon. In (2), surveys were made of process to reduce production of aromatic hydrocarbon as much as possible, process to effectively separate aromatic hydrocarbon, and process to convert excess aromatic hydrocarbon into polymer, etc. In (3), surveys were conducted on petroleum coke and pitch in terms of production methods, the supply/demand situation, property characteristics, usability to new fields, etc. 170 refs., 114 figs., 65 tabs.

Fiscal 2000 research report on the technology for utilizing intracellular protein transport; 2000 nendo saibonai tanpakushitsu yuso kino riyo gijutsu chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Research was conducted for the establishment of 'intracellular transport engineering' for collecting eucaryotic proteins having cytotoxicity and activated proteins having escaped decomposition into an appropriate intracellular organelle by artificially manipulating the intracellular transport system for proteins in eucaryotes. In this fiscal year, element technologies and tasks necessary for the transport and activation of intracellular proteins in eucaryotes are extracted, and research was conducted on relevant patents. In a survey of the latest trends of research and development, attention was directed mainly at cells or organelles, and the details of progress in the last one year were investigated and reported, which were related to the functions of single membrane organelles excluding for double membrane bound organelles, e.g., mitochondria and chloroplast, etc., that have unique DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and to the molecular mechanism of transport of protein to each organelle. Furthermore, relative to each organelle, deployment of protein transport function application technology was taken up. (NEDO)

Studies on substitutional protein sources for fish meal in the diet of Japanese flounder; Hirame shiryo ni okeru miriyo shigen no riyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kikuchi, K; Furuta, T; Sakaguchi, I [Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-08-01

Effectiveness of livestock industry wastes and vegetable protein added to fish meal in fish farming is tested by feeding the Japanese flounder. In the experiment, a part or the whole of the fish meal protein is replaced by the meat meal (MM), meat and bone meal (MBM), corngluten meal (CGM), or dried silkworm pupa meal (SPM), and fries of the Japanese flounder are fed on the new diets for eight weeks. On a diet containing 60% or less of MM, no change is detected in the fish in terms of increase in weight, protein efficiency ratio, and blood components, indicating that 60% at the highest of fish meal may be replaced by MM. In the case of MBM, it can occupy approximately 20%. As for CGM, the proper substitution rate is approximately 40%. Essential amino acids that the new diets may lack are added for an approximately 10% improvement on the result. The SPM substitution works up to 40%, when, however, the blood components are degraded. The proper substitution rate is therefore placed at approximately 20%. 38 refs., 2 figs., 17 tabs.

Development of melting system using oxy-coal combustion; Sekitan chokusetsu riyo kinzoku yoyu system gijutsu (NSR) (pilot setsubi unten jokyo ni tsuite)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sugiyama, T [Center for Coal Utilization, Japan, Tokyo (Japan); Suwa, T; Kobayashi, N; Iino, K; Yamamoto, Y; Igarashi, H [Nippon Sanso K.K., Tokyo (Japan)

1996-09-01

This metal melting system is a process to efficiently melt and regenerate scraps of aluminum, copper and iron by utilizing high-temperature energy obtained from pulverized coal-oxygen combustion. The process is intended to utilize coal in place of petroleum for reduced fuel cost. Joint studies have been carried out as a subsidy operation of the Agency of Natural Resources and Energy with a schedule of six years starting fiscal 1992. Development tests are being performed using a 5-ton/ch pilot plant facility since fiscal 1995 after having gone through experiments using a 1-ton/ch bench scale furnace. This paper reports the results obtained to date. Using the pilot plant facility, fiscal 1995 has achieved the initial target values, such as thermal efficiency of 55% or higher, and yield of 96% or higher for non-ferrous metals and 94% or higher for iron. The melting behavior in the furnace has improved the thermal efficiency as a whole by retaining the conditions in the preheating step for an extended period of time. The thermal efficiency has been improved better than with the bench furnace as a result of upscaling effect. 9 figs., 3 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 industrial technology R and D project. Research report on development of use technology of bio- resources such as complex biosystem (Development of use and production technologies of complex biosystems); 1997 nendo fukugo seibutsukei nado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Fukugo seibutsukei riyo seisan gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This project aims to establish production technology of functional substances, oil degradation and purification technology, and use technology of unused oil fraction through development of cultivation control technology of complex biosystems. For functional material production technology, as functional substances some specific marine bacteria inhibitors, antibreeding substances of microalgae, and UV absorption substances were isolated. The productivity of korormicin as specific inhibitor against marine bacteria was improved considerably by cultivation method. For research on molecular genetic analysis technology, a new identification technology and a simple automatic analysis system of microeucaryotes using genes were developed. For global environment purification technology such as efficient degradation of pollutants, study was made on cultivation control technology of phenol- degrading consortia, population dynamics of oil-degrading microbial consortia and a restoration method of oil pollution by complex biosystem at lower temperature, and the demonstration experiment of oil degradation were carried out. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1997 on the development of technologies for utilizing biological resources such as complex biosystems. Development of technologies for producing substitute fuel for petroleum by utilizing organisms; 1997 nendo fukugo seibutsukei nado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Technologies of producing useful substances using the substance decomposing/producing functions of complex biosystems and methods of their handling are developed. In the utilization of microbes in the digestive tracts of termites and longicorns, it is made clear that several kinds of termites cleave the {beta}-O-4 ether linkage. In relation to technologies for wood decomposing complex microbial system construction and complex vector system development, a screening system is constructed in which strains that exhibit complex actions are combined. Concerning the advanced utilization of tropical oil plants, conditions are determined for inducing callus out of oil palm tissues. Out of oil palm sarcocarp tissues, mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) is isolated for the construction of a cDNA (complementary deoxyribonucleic acid) library. For the purpose of isolating a powerful promoter, a partial base sequence is determined for ubiquitin that frequently expresses itself in cells. A pathogenic bacterium ailing the oil palm is sampled for identification, and it is inferred that the bacterium is a kind of Ganoderma boninense. (NEDO)

FY 1998 report on the results of the development of the utilization technology of biological resources such as bioconsortia. Development of the petroleum substituting fuel production technology using biology; 1998 nendo fukugo seibutsukei nado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For the purpose of establishing the analysis technology and industrial utilization technology required for the establishment of the utilization technology of consortia's high functions which are already used in the fermentation technology field over the limit of the conventional bio-technology using functions of single biological species, study was made. As a part of the study, the establishment was aimed at of the high-grade utilization technology of seaweed/algae using the degradation/conversion functions of the consortium base and the useful substance production technology by interaction of the consortium base of organism and flora/fauna. Studies for the establishment of the technology were made in the following two fields: technology to use unused resources such as lignocellulose and technology to produce petroleum substituting useful resources. As to the technology to use unused resources, the establishment was proceeded with of the technology to degrade/convert the seaweed-origin acidic polysaccharide into the useful substance using the consortium system. In FY 1998, in search of the excellent microorganism consortia which can degrade/solubilize carageenan, samples were picked up from the underwater of the Republic of Palau and incubated in the flat culture medium. Thirty-eight kinds of the degraded bacterium group were acquired. Using the degraded bacterium group, {kappa}-carrageenan was degraded and analyzed of the products. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in proliferation project to introduce environment harmonizing type coal utilization system in fiscal 1998. Joint demonstration project for CMG recovery and utilization system in fiscal 1998; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system donyu shien nado fukyu taisaku jigyo. 1998 nendo CMG kaishu riyo system kyodo jissho jigyo seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-09-01

This paper describes the discussion report for fiscal 1998 on the CMG (coal methane gas) recovery and utilization project to be implemented from fiscal 1998 through fiscal 2002 at Tiefa Mining Bureau of Liaoning Province in China. The Daixing mine was selected as the survey object. The introduced technologies and facilities include test drilling for degassing (medium measure horizontal degassing of 300-m class), induction from degassing holes, fly ash sealing, sealed gas degassing, surveillance and control technologies and facilities. The recovered gas is to be supplied to the cities of Tiefa and Tieling as town gas, for which compressed gas feeding and controlling technologies and facilities will be introduced. This paper lists the gush-out quantity (1,000 Nm{sup 3}), the recovery quantity (1,000 Nm{sup 3}), the recovered gas concentration (%), the utilization quantity (1,000 Nm{sup 3}), and the utilization rate (%). The figures for the respective items before and after the implementation are 128366, 32949, 44.5, 7000, 5, 123500, 43890, 49.1, 39826, and 32. The quantity of gas gushing out at facings decreases in association with increase in the recovered gas quantity, whereas the gas concentration at facings in the Daixing mine in 2003 is estimated to decrease to 0.1%, contributing to safe mining operation. The test drilling for medium measure horizontal degassing expands the degassing assured scope per one test drilling seat, and can reduce the total test drilling length and construction amount. (NEDO)

Research report of FY 1997 on the environmentally acceptable coal utilization system feasibility survey. Environmentally acceptable coal utilization system feasibility survey in Malaysia and Vietnam (Malaysia); 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa (Malaysia oyobi Vietnam ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa (Malaysia ban))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

In this survey, the coal utilization status in individual consumption sectors and coal distribution status in Malaysia are summarized as basic data for the introduction of environmentally acceptable coal utilization systems. In this fiscal year, the status of existing coal utilization technology and environmental issues in Malaysia are summarized as basic data for the introduction of above-mentioned systems on the basis of data and information collected by basic research and site survey in FY 1996. Malaysia is one of the rich countries producing the primary resources with crude petroleum, natural gas, hydro-power, and coal. The coal demand will be realized after saturating LNG development since 2000. The major coal consumption industries are power generation sector and cement industry sector. As expected increase in the future coal consumption, efficiency of coal utilization and environmental issues are problems in the future. Based on the FS results of this survey, the survey will be continued for planning and conducting the model project required from Malaysia. 8 figs., 34 tabs.

FY 1998 report on the results of the development of the utilization technology of biological resources such as bioconsortia. Development of the petroleum substituting fuel production technology using biology; 1998 nendo fukugo seibutsukei nado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For the purpose of establishing the analysis technology and industrial utilization technology required for the establishment of the utilization technology of consortia's high functions which are already used in the fermentation technology field over the limit of the conventional bio-technology using functions of single biological species, study was made. As a part of the study, the establishment was aimed at of the high-grade utilization technology of seaweed/algae using the degradation/conversion functions of the consortium base and the useful substance production technology by interaction of the consortium base of organism and flora/fauna. Studies for the establishment of the technology were made in the following two fields: technology to use unused resources such as lignocellulose and technology to produce petroleum substituting useful resources. As to the technology to use unused resources, the establishment was proceeded with of the technology to degrade/convert the seaweed-origin acidic polysaccharide into the useful substance using the consortium system. In FY 1998, in search of the excellent microorganism consortia which can degrade/solubilize carageenan, samples were picked up from the underwater of the Republic of Palau and incubated in the flat culture medium. Thirty-eight kinds of the degraded bacterium group were acquired. Using the degraded bacterium group, {kappa}-carrageenan was degraded and analyzed of the products. (NEDO)

Report on the project for spread/promotion of technology for the industrial waste optimized treatment in the Asian region; Asia chiiki sangyo haikibutsu tekiseika shori gijutsu nado fukyu sokushin jigyo hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The International Symposium `98 on the industrial waste problem in the Asian region was held in Tokyo on February 18, 1998. MITI commented on the present situation of the industrial waste problem in Japan and Japan`s environmental tackling toward the Asian region, and also Asian countries (China, the Philippines, Thailand and Korea) made reports. Japan reported on environmental preservation measures taken in the industrial circle, the industrial waste problem at companies which advanced into Asian countries, effects of the Basel Convention (which restricts border-crossing movement of harmful wastes) on recycle activities, Japan`s role in Asia, etc. In the panel discussion, discussions were made on human interchange in the informatization, recycling technology, shortage of personnel concerned with environmental protection, construction of a network in the Asian region and Japan` s role, etc. As to the treatment system for waste, the necessity was recognized of studying systems which meet with actual states of each country. It is also necessary to go on with discussing how the system should be for cooperation between governments and private companies. Importance of the recycle and information exchange was emphasized. 10 refs., 14 figs., 27 tabs.

Fiscal 1974 Sunshine Project result report. Research on solar energy utilization systems (solar furnace); 1974 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu. Taiyoro

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1975-03-01

In fiscal 1974, analysis was made on the concept design of solar furnace hardware, and utilization and use purpose of solar furnaces as high-temperature industrial heat source. Detailed survey was also made on the history of high- temperature solar furnaces. Based on the history of large- scale solar furnaces and the current state of some industries consuming a large amount of thermal energy, wide consideration was made on the applicability of large-scale solar furnaces as heat source in the future. Although various applications of large-scale solar furnaces are expected in the future, their current main applications are production of high-melting point materials, research on high-temperature physical properties, production of silicon, and solar heat power generation. A solar furnace is mainly composed of a parabolic reflector and heliostat plane reflector as optical system. It is necessary for practical industrial use of solar furnaces to study on furnace core design, profitability, installation site, temperature control, and reflector maintenance enough. (NEDO)

Development of acoustic partial discharge detection device; Bubun hoden kenshutsusochi wo riyo shita onkyo niyoru hendensetsubi no zetsuen rekka shindan gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Suenaga, Kiyoka [Kawasaki Steel Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1999-06-15

This paper introduces an acoustic partial discharge detection device, consisting of a microphone, amplifier circuit for analog signals, A/D (Digital Signal Processor). This device has the following unique characteristics: (1) Judging whether or not there is partial discharge by analyzing supersonic signals. (2) High sensitivity for detecting discharge ; 100 pC from a distance of 1.2 m. (3)Locating the position of discharge occurrence by using a sharpe directional parabola microphone and laser beam pointer. The detector was used in the steel works to detect partial discharge on high-voltage electrical apparatus, where faults due to partial discharge were found in the potential transformer and current transformer. The effectiveness of the device was thus verified. (author)

Performance analysis on utilization of sky radiation cooling energy for space cooling. Part 2; Hosha reikyaku riyo reibo system ni kansuru kenkyu. 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Marushima, S; Saito, T [Tohoku University, Sendai (Japan)

1996-10-27

Studies have been made about a heat accumulation tank type cooling system making use of radiation cooling that is a kind of natural energy. The daily operating cycle of the cooling system is described below. A heat pump air conditioner performs cooling during the daytime and the exhaust heat is stored in a latent heat accumulation tank; the heat is then used for the bath and tapwater in the evening; at night radiation cooling is utilized to remove the heat remnant in the tank for the solidification of the phase change material (PCM); the solidified PCM serves as the cold heat source for the heat pump air conditioner to perform cooling. The new system decelerates urban area warming because it emits the cooler-generated waste heat not into the atmosphere but into space taking advantage of radiation cooling. Again, the cooler-generated waste heat may be utilized for energy saving and power levelling. For the examination of nighttime radiation cooling characteristics, CaCl2-5H2O and Na2HPO4-12H2O were tested as the PCM. Water was used as the heating medium. In the case of a PCM high in latent heat capacity, some work has to be done for insuring sufficient heat exchange for it by, for instance, rendering the flow rate low. The coefficient of performance of the system discussed here is three times higher than that of the air-cooled type heat pump system. 8 refs., 5 figs., 4 tabs.

Stability analyses of urban water supply systems with wastewater reuse; Toshi haisui no junkan riyo ni yoru mizu kyokyu anteika ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Watanabe, H.; Zhang, S. [Meijo Univ., Nagoya (Japan); Okada, N. [Kyoto Univ., Kyoto (Japan). Disaster Prevention Research Inst.

1995-10-20

Wastewater reuse can be considered as a type of water resource development which is expected to improve the aquatic environment, as well as the stability and reliability of municipal water supply systems. To this extent, wastewater reuse has been taken into account in the planning of water supply systems in several Japanese cities. However, to date the effect of wastewater reuse on water supply system stabilization has not been discussed quantitatively, and the relation between waster water reuse rate and water supply system stability has not been analyzed. In this study, a stochastic model has been presented to evaluate the stability of water supply systems with optimal wastewater reuse rate. Some theoretical analyses and numerical studies were performed, and all of the results have shown that the model is reliable for not only basic studies on water supply system stability, but also for practical use as well. 5 refs., 5 figs., 3 tabs.

Fiscal 1998 research report. Application technology of next-generation high-density energy beams; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Jisedai komitsudo energy beam riyo gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Survey was made on application technologies of next- generation high-density energy beams. For real application of laser power, application to not exciting source of YAG crystal but machining directly is highly efficient. For generation of semiconductor laser high-power coherent beam, phase synchronization and summing are large technological walls. Short pulse, high intensity and high repeatability are also important. Since ultra-short pulse laser ends before heat transfer to the periphery, it is suitable for precise machining, in particular, ultra-fine machining. To use beam sources as tool for production process, development of transmission, focusing and control technologies, and optical fiber and device is indispensable. Applicable fields are as follows: machining (more than pico seconds), surface modification (modification and functionalization of tribo- materials and biocompatible materials), complex machining, fabrication of quantum functional structured materials (thin film, ultra-fine particle), agriculture, ultra-precise measurement, non-destructive measurement, and coherent chemistry in chemical and environment fields. (NEDO)

Survey report on the development/utilization of petroleum substitution energy in the Pacific region; Taiheiyo chiiki sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu riyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The paper collected/analyzed data on petroleum substitution energy in the Pacific region. In fiscal 1996, in addition to collection of the existing energy data, conducted were collection of energy data made retroactive from 1971, and time-series collection of the energy related expanded data including energy related production statistics/social statistics, energy consumption amount by industry, power generation facilities, oil production facilities, and environmental data. As to petroleum substitution energy, the paper took up new energy such as hydroelectric, nuclear, geothermal, photovoltaic, and wind power generation, and commercial-base renewable energy. As a result of the analysis, the supply of petroleum substitution energy in the whole Pacific region has been stable, 6.6% during 1980-1990, 7.4% in the first half of the 1990s, largely over the primary energy supply. The supply of nuclear power was overwhelmingly large, followed by hydroelectric energy and geothermal/new energy. 15 figs., 23 tabs.

FY 2000 Feasibility study on the environmentally-friendly coal utilization systems as part of the international project for coal utilization measures. Feasibility study on supporting introduction of the environmentally-friendly coal utilization systems in Vietnam (Model project for introduction of advanced coal preparation systems); 2000 nendo kokusai sekitan riyo taisaku jigyo chosa hokokusho. Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa jigyo Vietnam ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system donyu shien jigyo (kodo sentan system donyu model jigyo kanosei chosa jigyo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-06-01

The feasibility study was conducted on a model project in Vietnam, aimed at solving the environmental pollution problems resulting from use of coal by demonstrating and disseminating the Japan's environmental technologies in the Southeast Asian countries. The feasibility study was conducted for the Cua Ong Coal Preparation Enterprise, which has the largest coal preparation capacity in Vietnam and port facilities. It is treating raw coal from 10 coal mines for classification and preparation, and shipping coal of various types that meet the standards for domestic use and export. The survey results point out that unrecovered coal remains in waste water discharged from the coal preparation plants to pollute the sea area, and that quantity of the refuse increases because of the unrecovered coal it contains. The environmental technologies needed to introduce include modification to variable wave pattern type jigging separator, refuse height measuring instrument and automatic controller, circulating heavy medium gravimeter, highly functional settling pond, and flocculent facilities. (NEDO)

Report on the FY 1999 survey for making a data book related to new energy technology development. Trends of solar energy utilization, waste power generation, clean energy vehicle, geothermal power generation, clean coal technology, other new energy technology and new energy technology development; 1999 nendo shin energy gijutsu kaihatsu kankei data shu sakusei chosa hokokusho. Taiyonetsu riyo, haikibutsu hatsuden, clean energy jidosha, chinetsu hatsuden, clean coal technology, sonota no shin energy gijutsu, shin energy gijutsu kaihatsu kanren doko

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The paper collected/arranged the most up-to-date data made public in the new energy technology field. As to the solar energy utilization, the utilization is on the decrease with the beginning of the 1980s as a peak, and the solar systems introduced in FY 1998 totaled 15,000 and the water heaters 56,000. The waste power generation is showing a steady growth both in the general use and in the industrial use, and the introduction of 5 million KW is expected for FY 2010. The sale of the hybrid car started at the end of 1997, and the subjects are the price/performance/fuel supply system. Concerning the geothermal power generation, 497,000 KW and 36,000 KW were introduced for business use and non-utility use, respectively. Japan ranks sixth among nations of the world. Relating to the coal liquefaction, the pilot plant (PP) of Japan's original bituminous coal liquefaction NEDOL process finished operation in 1998, and the construction of technology package, international cooperation, etc. are being conducted. About the coal gasification, the construction of demonstrative equipment and operation are planned during FY 2002 - FY 2007, making use of the PP achievements of IGCC. In regard to the biomass-based waste power generation, the lignocellulose system is large in potential quantity. As to the hydrogen energy, the WE-NET project entered Period II. With respect to the ocean thermal energy conversion, the demonstrative study started. In relation to the wave power generation, a small size of approximately several hundred W was commercialized. (NEDO)

Achievement report on research and development in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1976. Comprehensive discussion on hydrogen utilizing subsystems and research on peripheral technologies (Comprehensive discussion on hydrogen utilizing subsystems); 1976 nendo suiso riyo subsystem no sogoteki kento to shuhen gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu seika hokokusho. Suiso riyo subsystem no sogoteki kento

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1977-03-01

This paper describes comprehensive discussion on hydrogen utilizing subsystems. Hydrogen combustion is characterized by how low the ignition energy is, and how fast the flame propagates. In addition, flame stability is high also in diffusion combustion. However, the diffusion combustion produces a great amount of NOx, the amount varying depending on the degree of air pre-mixture. Since it causes reverse ignition very easily in the pre-mixture degree corresponding to low NOx zone, development of a burner with drastically new mechanism is demanded. In hydrogen fuel cells, the ratio of hydrogen fuel cost accounting for in the power generation cost is very high. As an automobile fuel, very much leaner combustion is possible than in conventional internal combustion engines, and ignition energy is small. However, such abnormal combustion as reverse ignition and early ignition may occur, and their prevention is an important assignment. Issues in aircraft engines are verification of safety, and cost of liquefied hydrogen. Steam turbines have reached their limit already, but gas turbines are expected of exciting efficiency improvement. This paper describes prospects on chemical utilization of hydrogen in the existing fields and new fields. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 research report. Popularization project of the proper treatment technology of industrial wastes in Asian regions; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Asia chiiki sangyo haikibutsu tekiseika shori gijutsu nado fukyu sokushin jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Study was made on popularization of the proper treatment technology of industrial wastes in Asian regions. In principle, industrial wastes should be recycled in a country concerned, however, because of a difference in technology and industrial location, treatment of all industrial wastes in a country concerned is impossible. International cooperation is thus indispensable to promote proper efficient practical measures for environment. For studying the possibility of the international cooperation between Japan and Asian countries concerned for further recognition and solution of industrial waste problems, 'International Symposium on the Asian Industrial Waste Issue' have been held in Tokyo since 1997 for governmental staffs. In fiscal 1998, Malaysia was invited in addition to China, Philippines and Thailand for popularization of the proper treatment and recycling of industrial wastes in Asian regions. In every Asian countries, poor collection of discharge, treatment and disposal data is an obstacle to effective treatment. Technical cooperation and financial support by developed countries are demanded. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 report of the development of high efficiency waste power generation technology. No.1 volume. Element technology development; Kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu (yoso gijutsu kaihatsu). 1997 nendo hokokusho (daiichi bunsatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Following the previous fiscal year, the technology development was conducted of a high efficiency waste power generation system using general waste as fuel. In the development of high temperature high efficiency combustion furnace, a combustion test on the external circulating fluidized bed incinerator was made to obtain data on formation/decomposition of dioxins. Moreover, a combustion test was conducted using mock refuse, petroleum-derived waste and waste plastics, to confirm stabilized combustion characteristics and low pollution. In the development of a corrosion resistant superheater, made were the stress load high temperature corrosion test, study of intergranular corrosion by elements of impurities, etc. In the development of the environmental load reduction technology, conducted was the conceptional design of pulse plasma exhaust gas disposal equipment corresponding to the actual one. In the verification test in a pilot plant, the pilot plant passed the pre-use inspection and was completed in February 1998. In the study of an optimal total system, discussed were the data on the pilot plant verification test, measuring points, how to arrange them, etc. 2 refs., 88 figs., 50 tabs.

Fiscal 1998 research report. Popularization project of the proper treatment technology of industrial wastes in Asian regions; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Asia chiiki sangyo haikibutsu tekiseika shori gijutsu nado fukyu sokushin jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Study was made on popularization of the proper treatment technology of industrial wastes in Asian regions. In principle, industrial wastes should be recycled in a country concerned, however, because of a difference in technology and industrial location, treatment of all industrial wastes in a country concerned is impossible. International cooperation is thus indispensable to promote proper efficient practical measures for environment. For studying the possibility of the international cooperation between Japan and Asian countries concerned for further recognition and solution of industrial waste problems, 'International Symposium on the Asian Industrial Waste Issue' have been held in Tokyo since 1997 for governmental staffs. In fiscal 1998, Malaysia was invited in addition to China, Philippines and Thailand for popularization of the proper treatment and recycling of industrial wastes in Asian regions. In every Asian countries, poor collection of discharge, treatment and disposal data is an obstacle to effective treatment. Technical cooperation and financial support by developed countries are demanded. (NEDO)

Changes in blood biochemical markers before, during, and after a 2-day ultramarathon

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arakawa K

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Kazuyuki Arakawa,1,2 Akihiro Hosono,2 Kiyoshi Shibata,3 Reza Ghadimi,4 Mizuho Fuku,5 Chiho Goto,6 Nahomi Imaeda,7 Yuko Tokudome,8 Hideki Hoshino,9 Mitsuhiro Marumoto,1,2 Masaaki Kobayashi,10 Sadao Suzuki,2 Shinkan Tokudome1,2,11 1Department of Health and Nutrition Policy, 2Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan; 3Department of Public Health and Nutrition, Aichi Gakusen University, Okazaki, Japan; 4Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; 5Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yokohama Stroke and Brain Center, Yokohama, Japan; 6Department of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya Bunri University, Inazawa, Japan; 7Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nagoya Women’s University, Nagoya, Japan; 8Department of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Nisshin, Japan; 9Department of Early Childhood Studies, Aichi Bunkyo Women’s College, Inazawa, Japan; 10Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan; 11National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan Abstract: We studied changes in blood markers of 18 nonprofessional, middle-aged runners of a 2-day, 130 km ultramarathon. Blood was sampled at baseline, after the goals on the first and second day, and at three time points (1, 3, and 5/6 days after the race. Blood indices showed three patterns. First pattern indices showed essentially no changes after the two goals and after the race, including red blood cell indices, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Second pattern markers, including the majority of indices, were elevated during the race (and also after the race for some parameters and then returned to baseline afterward, including hemolysis/red blood cell destruction markers (indirect bilirubin and an iron reservoir index (ferritin, muscle

Evaluation report on research and development of 'seawater purification and byproduct utilization'; 'Kaisui Tansuika to fukusanbutsu riyo' no kenkyu kaihatsu ni kansuru hyoka hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1978-03-01

Research, development, and evaluation were made on seawater purification for the purpose of supplying inexpensive city water stably in the future. In the research of the high flow rate long-tube type multi-stage flash process, basic characteristics were identified by studying fluidity, heat transfer, deaeration, and decarburization by using a test plant with a capacity of 3,000 m{sup 3}/d. A number of findings were derived in carrying out demonstration studies by using a test module with a capacity of 100,000 m{sup 3}/d. Research on heat transfer pipe materials covered a wide area including copper alloys, titanium and aluminum alloys, and ferrous materials, where a prospect was obtained on materials which may be practically usable in the future as transfer pipes in large seawater purifying equipment. Research on a concrete evaporator body proved that it is more economical than steel evaporators, and has sufficient corrosion resistance even against high-temperature brine. Other activities included researches on effects of contaminated seawater, brine diffusion, byproduct utilization, and total systems. Social and economic evaluations were also performed. (NEDO)

Wind energy technology : from the past to the future; 20 seiki ni okeru furyoku riyo gijutsu no henkan. Furyoku hatsuden : kako kara mirai e

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ushiyama, I. [Ashikaga Institute of Technology, Tochigi (Japan)

2000-01-20

Windmills are one of the oldest prime movers and have been used for more than 700 years in Europe. The transition from low speed windmills for grain grinding and water pumping to high speed wind turbines for electric power generation had occurred at first, reviews the windmill technologies and the researchers before 20{sup th} century. Then describes the back ground of how the wind power generator has existed and how the four pioneers developed their wind power generator. The historical developments of windmills to wind turbines in this century are studied focusing mainly on Danish activities. Then, the effort of the development of large wind turbine such as Smith-Putnum's first MW machine in U.S.A. and other mammoth machine concept are introduced. The new concept machines such as Savonius and Darrieus wind turbines in 1920s to 1930s are also explained. Finally, the novel technologies of wind turbine covering larger machines, variable speed generators, special wing sections for wind turbines, theoretical analysis method of wind turbine performance, offshore wind turbines, and wind turbine control technologies are stated. (author)

System approach on solar hydrogen generation and the gas utilization; Taiyo energy ni yoru suiso no seisei oyobi sono riyo system ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fujii, I; Hirooka, N; Deguchi, Y; Narita, D [Meiji University, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-11-25

An apparatus is developed to establish a system which allows utilization of hydrogen safely and easily, and its applicability to a hydrogen system for domestic purposes is tested. The system converts solar energy by the photovoltaic cell unit into power, which is used to generate hydrogen by electrolysis of water at the hydrogen generator, stores hydrogen in a metal hydride , and sends stored hydrogen to the burner and fuel cell units. It is found that a hydrogen occluding alloy of LaNi4.8Al0.2 stores hydrogen to approximately 80% when cooled to 20 to 25degC, and releases it to 10% when heated to 40degC. The fuel cell uses a solid polymer as the electrolyte. The hydrogen gas burner is a catalytic combustion burner with a Pt catalyst carried by expanded Ni-Al alloy. The optimum distance between the burner and object to be heated is 22mm. High safety and fabrication simplicity are confirmed for use for domestic purposes. The system characteristics will be further investigated. 4 refs., 8 figs.

Rearrangement of land and water use system in polder and drainage improvement. Kantakuchi no tochiter dot mizu riyo taikei no saihensei to haisui kairyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mitsuno, T; Nagahori, K [Okayama Univ., Okayama (Japan). Faculty of Agriculture; Yamamoto, T [Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo (Japan)

1991-09-01

Polders have no basin of their own, and the supply of irrigation water in polders is always short and unstable. The irrigation water system is so structured that the conflicting objects of both the insurance of irrigation water and drainage of rainwater can be achieved. Quoting an example at the surrounding area of the Kojima Bay in the southern area of Okayaja Prefecture where inning (land reclamation by drainage) has been practiced for a long time, problems in drainage improvement required for better use of low-lying flat lands are discussed. There are complicate relations among the safety against flood, rainwater drainage capability, stock capacity, and critical leveling time, therefore, the basic operation which must be performed at first in making a drainage plan is to determine the basic framework of the plan taking those relations into consideration. In low-lying flat lands, safety of the total area against flood has been established basing on the stock capacity of the paddy fields, and it is important to secure paddy field areas to a certain extent. 8 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.

Study on the detached house plan using of a maximum natural energy. Part 1; Shizen energy fukugo riyo no keikaku ni kansuru kenkyu. 1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wada, I; Mino, M; Miyata, T; Okawa, M [Nihon University, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-10-27

The geographical position or environment is set on the assumption that the natural energy of a detached house is used in a hybrid state. Moreover, the energy consumption of the house and the natural energy supply obtained from the geographical position were compared and investigated. As a result, the energy consumption is 10,617 kWh, and the energy supply is 8,236 kWh. About 78% of the whole consumption can be theoretically made from natural energy. The energy supply is calculated on the low side during prediction. Therefore, an increase in the energy supply is expected by installing a solar collector based on solar energy, expanding the solar panel area, and increasing the number of wind mills. However, this energy is partially lost via an inverter while it is supplied to the general domestic equipment. At the six main points in Tokyo and its districts, the adaptability of natural energy used based on the regional characteristics is investigated presently and the installation of a system is examined. 13 refs., 2 figs., 6 tabs.

Conditioning of data for cyclic variation of IMEP under lean burn operation in a spark-ignition engine; Hibana tenka kikan no kihaku nensho untenji ni okeru zushi heikin yuko atsuryoku no hendo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ishii, K.; Urata, Y.; Yoshida, K.; Ono, t. [Honda Motor Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-07-25

In this study, we investigated the relationship of indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) for a spark ignition engine under lean combustion with the cyclic variation of mass fraction burned by measuring the energy release from the spark plug, intensity of the light emission from the flame and the cylinder pressure at the same time. In order to minimized an error in the initial and late combustion sages of the mass fraction burned to be obtained by cylinder pressure, spark plug energy and intensity of light emission were measured. As a result, it was found that there are three main causes of cyclic variation of IMEP. These consist of the burning speed during the initial stage of combustion, variation in the total mass fraction burned, and variation of the late burning during the late expansion stroke. Thus, we determined that there is a favorable interrelationship between the IMEPs and the corrected mass fraction burned. 13 refs., 9 figs., 1 tab.

Fiscal 1993 investigational study of a model of international cooperation for an environmentally harmony type green technosystem; 1993 nendo Oshu ni okeru haikibutsu shori oyobi recycle no doko ni kansuru chosa kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

For the natural environment preservation, effective utilization of resources, and maintenance of the ecosystem, an international cooperation model was proposed for the environmental harmony type green technosystem. A comprehensive evaluating analysis of a green forest resource, etc. as the global resource, and an intensive extraction of subjects and needs was made. The analysis was conducted of technical possibility and abstract business development effects toward the industrialization with high values added which is in harmony with the environment. As a case study, the Papua New Guinea area, Malaysia was selected and re-evaluated. For this typical tropical forest area, a new technical system was studied based on the natural environment, industry/economy, social/cultural assessment, etc., and a model for industrializing new international cooperation was proposed. For the model making for industrialization, various steps to be taken and conditions to be prepared were studied and arranged for the realization. Upon going ahead with the international technical cooperation, Japan, a large lumber consuming country, needs to always consider the fostering and effective use of lumber resource in particular. 27 refs., 28 figs., 30 tabs.

FY 2001 report on the results of the follow-up study of development of the highly effective waste power generation; 2001 nendo kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu no follow up gijutsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2002-03-01

For the purpose of safe operation of the highly effective waste power generation pilot plant, confirmation of the performance of corrosion resistant super heater materials under the high temperature corrosion environment, collection of the data on environmental load characteristics in waste incineration, etc., the follow-up study was made. The results were as follows: The pilot plant was able to generate high temperature/high pressure vapor stably for approximately 13,500 hours in FY 2000 and FY 2001 and for approximately 27,800 hours in 4 years since the start of the demonstrative test. The planned performance of plant facilities was fully satisfied, and the performance of environmental load reduction was fully satisfied in standard values of soot/dust, SOx, NOx, hydrogen chloride and dioxins in exhaust gas. Concerning the super heater use developmental material, its durability of 5 years or more was confirmed. It was forecast that by using this, the heightening of temperature/pressure of boiler to 500 degrees C and 100 atmospheric pressure was achieved. Further, the useful information/knowledge on plant design were obtained such as the corrosion prevention technology for waste plant and the forecast of corrosion life of materials. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 feasibility survey of an environment friendly type coal utilization system. Feasibility survey of the environment friendly type coal utilization system in Malaysia and Vietnam (case of Vietnam); 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa (Malaysia oyobi Vietnam ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa (Vietnam ban))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The paper grasped the state of coal utilization by coal consumption field, the state of coal physical flow in Vietnam, etc., surveyed/studied a possibility of introducing the environment friendly type coal utilization system, and assessed the possibility. As to energy resources, the north is abundant in hydroelectric and coal (mainly anthracite) resources, and the south in oil and natural gas resources. Coal production in fiscal 1997 is planned to be 10 million tons. Coal preparation technique presently available is only grain size sieving. Accordingly, it is necessary to study for heightening efficiency of facilities and modernizing facilities in accordance with the introduction of the environment friendly type coal utilization technology. During the study, it is possible to propose improvement on coal processing technology (coal preparation technology). Assessment and study are made especially of the coal selection system, fine coal recovery system and waste water treatment system. For the plan on new coal-fired power plants (300MWtimes4), there is left much necessity of proposing studying models considered of the anthracite combustion technology and environmental improvement and of assessing/studying them. 60 figs., 117 tabs.

Fiscal 1974 Sunshine Project result report. Research on solar energy utilization systems (photovoltaic power generation); Taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1975-03-01

This report summarizes the research result on the guide for developing solar cells. The report includes (1) standard measurement method for solar cells, (2) system configuration and installation site, (3) optimum design and profitability of solar cells and (4) raw materials and pollution prevention. In the 1st research, study was made on the standard for solar radiation intensity, the definition and measurement methods for spectral profiles, and the measurement conditions for solar cells. In the 2nd research, study was made on various basic data for the scale of photovoltaic power systems. In the 3rd research, since it is necessary to obtain characteristics of solar cells with any profiles of physical constants such as impurity, minority carrier life and mobility by simulation of solar cell actions, research was made on the measurement method of minority carrier lives by using a prepared computer program. Technical and economical comparisons were also made between Si solar cells with various structures. In the 4th research, survey was made on various data for compound semiconductors, and study was made on industrial waste pollution. (NEDO)

Development of deepsea geomagnetic and electric fields observation system using submarine cables. 2; Kaitei cable riyo no shinkai chijiki denba kansoku station no kaihatsu. 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Miyazaki, T; Nakatsuka, T; Murakami, Y [Geological Survey of Japan, Tsukuba (Japan); Onishi, N

1997-10-22

VENUS Project aims at constructing a deepsea geomagnetic and electric fields observation station to cover the Ryukyu Trench, Philippine Sea, and Mariana Trough, by the reuse of the Okinawa-Guam commercial marine communication cable now out of service. This report deals with a scenario for the development of a geomagnetic/electric observation system as a part of the planned long-term sea bottom observation effort and the installation of equipment therefor. The first stage consists of the towing of a frame mounted with the system equipment and a cable to connect to a data transmission relay and their placement at a specified location on the sea bottom. The cable is extended toward the relay and its leading end is allowed to land near the relay. Next, a manned submersible vessel is used to connect the cable end to the relay, the submersible vessel is next driven along the connection cable toward the system equipment for the determination of the position and orientation of the system equipment, and then electrodes are arrayed at an interval of 20m into an L-letter configuration. The system will be established in March, 1998, on the 4200m-deep continental slope of the Ryukyu Trench approximately 90km southeast of Okinawa. 2 figs., 1 tab.

Utilization of coal ash from fluidized-bed combustion boilers as road base material; Sekitandaki ryudoso boiler kara no sekitanbai no robanzai to shite no riyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shibata, Y. [Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd., Kobe (Japan); Kozasa, K. [Center for Coal Utilization, Japan, Tokyo (Japan); Tsuzura, K. [Naruto Salt Mfg. Co. Ltd., Tokushima (Japan); Izumi, H. [Nippon Hodo Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1998-03-01

Coal ash from the fluidized bed boiler is evaluated for its properties as is, as solidified or granulated, and as the roadbed material. The coal ash tested in the experiment is a mixture of ash from the fluidized bed boiler bottom, ash from the cyclone separator, and ash from the bag filter. In the manufacture of solid or granulated bodies, coal ashes are kneaded in water whose amount puts the mixture near the plasticization limit, are pressed in a low-pressure press and made into solid bodies by a 15-hour curing in 60degC saturated steam, and the solid bodies are crushed into solid granules. A content release test is conducted about the release of dangerous substances, and road paving experiments are conducted to learn the workability and serviceability of the granulated material as a road paving material. A study of the experimental results discloses what is mentioned below. Coal ash containing 10-20vol% of CaO and 15vol% or less of unburnt carbon turns into a high-strength solid after curing in saturated steam whose temperature is not higher than 60degC. The granulated solid satisfies the standards that an upper subbase material is expected to satisfy. It also meets the environmental standards in a release content test for soil set forth by Environment Agency notification No.46. 8 refs., 8 figs., 4 tabs.

Fiscal 1976 Sunshine Project result report. Research on solar energy utilization systems (solar furnace); 1976 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Taiyoro

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1977-03-01

For solar furnace, study was made on analysis of its use purpose, analysis of the profitability of large furnaces, safety, maintenance, solar radiation and construction site conditions. On production of fused refractories by solar furnace, in particular, giving attention on zircon sand and mullite, their fusion property was clarified, and their fine structure was obtained by rapid heating/cooling. On production of Si by solar furnace, in this fiscal year, in particular, study was made on the 1st step (production of coarse Si from silica rock) and 4th step (deposition of Si by decomposition of SiHCl{sub 3}). On study on high-temperature processing followed by chemical reaction, study was made on production of carborundum by solar furnace, its application to high-temperature gas reaction, and its application to heat storage by high-temperature chemical reaction. In addition, for large solar furnace, study was made on its maintenance, safety, pollution problem, and construction site condition based on estimation of direct solar radiation profile maps. Inlands of Tokai, Kii-Hanto and Seto-Naikai districts were confirmed to be suitable for solar furnaces. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 report of the development of high efficiency waste power generation technology. No.2 volume. Pilot plant verification test; Kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu (pilot plant jissho shiken). 1997 nendo hokokusho (daini bunsatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

As to a high efficiency waste power generation system using general waste as fuel, the details of the following were described: design/construction management and operational study of pilot plant, design/manufacture/construction of pilot plant, and study of an optimal total system. Concerning the construction management and operational study, the paper described the application for governmental/official inspection procedures and taking inspection, process management of pilot plant, site patrol, safety management, management of trial run of pilot plant, drawing-up of a verification test plan and test run, etc. Relating to the design/manufacture/construction of pilot plant, an outline of the pilot plant was described. The paper also stated points to be considered in design of furnace structure and boiler structure, points to be considered of the verification test, etc. As to the study of an optimal total system, the following were described: survey of waste gasification/slagging power generation technology, basic study on RDF production process, survey of trends of waste power generation technology in the U.S., etc. 52 refs., 149 figs., 121 tabs.

FY 1997 report on the results of the industrial technology R and D project. Development of technology to use biological resources such as the complex biological system (Development of biological use petroleum substitution fuel production technology); 1997 nendo fukugo seibutsukei nado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Experimental researches were conducted and the FY 1997 results were reported with the aim of establishing analytical technology for the complex biological system by which the complex biological system can be analyzed in such a state as it is using the molecular biological method. In the study of the molecular genetic analytical technology, PCR primers used for amplification of topoisomerase II genes of the whole eukaryote was designed. As to the histochemical analytical technology, a study was made on the new constitution microorganism detection method by the hybridization method and the antibody specific dyeing method, and the following were conducted: manifestation in quantity of colibacillus and the recovery, refining, and construction of peptide library by fuzzy display method. Concerning the functional analytical technology, technological researches were made such as the environmental adaptation mechanism of high thermophile and the information transfer mechanism among bacteria through cell membranes for elucidation of the special environment detection/response mechanism and the special environment adaptation/resistance mechanism. As to the separation/culture technology, various anaerobic microorganisms were separated from marine sponge for the development of a method of culturing in 3D matrices. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in proliferation project to assist introduction of environment harmonizing type coal utilization system in fiscal 1998. Joint demonstration project for CMG recovery and utilization system in fiscal 1998 (recovering facilities); Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system donyu shien nado fukyu taisaku jigyo. 1998 nendo CMG kaishu riyo system kyodo system kyodo jissho jigyo (kaishu setsubi)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-09-01

This paper describes the achievements of the discussions in fiscal 1998 on the recovering system for coal bed methane gas to be supplied to the city of Tieling in China. The paper puts on record the associated documents, and figures and drawings. The associated documents appearing in the paper include the table for explosion-proof examination on the recovering devices, a parts list for the RK-3A type test drilling machine, and its operation manual. Specifications for the test drilling machine (including those for the sealing pumps), specifications for the mouth facilities, and device lists are shown. Test drilling device arrangement drawings and standard drilling record table are also described. Central blower specifications, a back-fire preventing device, a device to prevent well exterior from freezing, and a summarized drawing for drain remover for gas induction for the Daixing mine are explained. The schemes for induction and sealing, specifications and procedures for observation devices are shown. Specifications for sealing materials and the centralized monitoring facilities are also touched on. The safety measures, measures taken for power failure in the centralized monitoring facilities, and the control organization are described. Test drilling cost simulation and environment assessing methods are also described. The figures and drawings presented include the topographic map, Daixing mine cavity drawing, pipeline network, and chart for representative test drilling columns near the coal beds were also presented. (NEDO)

FY 1998 industrial technology R and D project. Report on the results of the development of utilization technology of biological resource such bioconsortia system (Development of production technology of biological use petroleum substituting fuels); 1998 nendo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Fukugo seibutsukeinado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu (seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Technology development was conducted for production of useful substances using the bioconsortia system. In FY 1998, the development of element technology was studied. As to the utilization technology of gut symbiotic microorganisms such as termite and longhorn beetle, clone types of gut microorganism complex system were analyzed to find out the diversification. In the decay of wood, co-culture of two species of mold fungus was increased in efficiency than single culture. More than 90% was classified/identified of the mold fungi accumulated (in wood piece)/separated for the utilization of plant symbiotic microorganisms. For the production of petroleum substituting useful resource, conditions were established of callus induction from immature embryos of tropical oil crops, especially oil palm, and of regeneration of a lot of small plants from the callus. To establish the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system of oil palm, the binary vector harboring the reporter gene and selectable marker gene was constructed. Using the vector, oil palm tissues are inoculated and infected with agrobacteria. To heighten the function of palm oil, 10 particular clones were selected from the complementary DNA library obtained from oil palm fruit tissues. The genetic study of germs was also made. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 report on the results of the international research cooperation project for a feasibility survey for finding out seeds of the international joint research. Effective use technology of saturated hydrocarbon (technology against the surplus aromatic hydrocarbon/technology of high grade treatment of petroleum coke); 1997 nendo kokusai kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo (kokusai kyodo kenkyu seeds hakkutsu no tame no FS chosa). Howa tanka suiso no yuko riyo gijutsu / hokozoku tanka suiso no yojo taisaku gijutsu / sekiyu cokes no kodo shori gijutsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

For the purpose of the effective international research cooperation, the paper surveyed in fiscal 1997 the effective use technology of saturated hydrocarbon, technology against the surplus aromatic hydrocarbon and technology of high grade treatment of petroleum coke. In the survey of the effective use technology of saturated hydrocarbon, trends of FT synthesis technology and DME synthesis technology were studied as trends of technology to produce synthetic gas, and a project was proposed for technical development of using natural gas as liquid fuel in Japan. In the survey of technology against the surplus aromatic hydrocarbon, studied were the benzene law regulation and the supply/demand trend of aromatic hydrocarbon, process to reduce production of aromatic hydrocarbon as much as possible, process to reduce aromatics of the produced petroleum products, and process to effectively use aromatic hydrocarbon as chemical raw material. In the survey of high grade treatment of petroleum coke, studied were a possibility of using HS petroleum coke in the DIOS method, iron bath gasification, and copper bath gasification technology. 108 refs., 146 figs., 103 tabs.

Fiscal 1993 international research cooperation project. Feasibility study of finding out the seeds of international joint research (technology for environmental preservation using biotechnology, technology for effective use unused hydrocarbon resource, technology of solid electrolyte fuel cells for high-efficient electric vehicles); 1993 nendo kokusai kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo. Kokusai kyodo kenkyu seeds hakkutsu no tame no FS chosa (biotechnology ni yoru kankyo taisaku gijutsu, miriyo tanka suiso shigen no yuko riyo gijutsu, kokoritsu denki jidosha no kotai denkaishitsu nenryo denchi gijutsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

This project is aimed at internationally cooperating in the R and D of industrial technology and improving industrial technology of Japan. For it, the following three technologies were investigated: 1) environmental preservation technology using biotechnology, 2) technology for effective use of unused hydrocarbon resource, 3) solid electrolyte fuel cell (SOFC) technology for high-efficient electric vehicles. In 1), bio-remediation is a choice as the result of trially using technologies for remediation of the environment polluted by pollutant, but it is not a technically completed one, but one which will be improved by trial and error. By the application of gene engineering, the use of gene recombination enables wide spread of decomposition genes. In 2), technical subjects were studied such as superheavy distillate, oil shale, coalhead methane and methane hydrate. In 3), designed were cylinder type and planar type SOFC of 850degC operation and 10kW output. Accumulation and weight of a total SOFC system are 81 liters and 100 kg in cylinder type and 136 liters and 200 kg in planar type. The vehicle can be equipped with the SOFC. 171 refs., 72 figs., 54 tabs.

Investigation on the chemically fixing technique of carbon dioxide utilizing solar energy; Taiyo energy riyo ni yoru nisanka tanso no kagakuteki koteika gijutsu ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1993-03-01

This report describes the results of effective fixing technique of CO2 by utilizing solar energy. First of all, the investigation was directed to the technique for synthesizing ethylene, hydrocarbons and alcohol by electrochemical reduction of CO2. The power required for this process is supplied by photovoltaic power generation. Development of excellent electrode catalyst is needed because the reduction of CO2 requires a high overvoltage. It is desirable to enhance the selectivity of the reaction for specific material and improve the transport process in the electrolytic cell. Next, designing of material and reaction of photocatalysts using semiconductor electrode and semiconductor particulate was examined. A semiconductor electrode made of FeS2 is inexpensive and has a high ability of collecting solar light. In the category of photocatalysis system, a photocatalytic system in which semiconductor particles are embedded in vesicle and a photpocatalyst based on potassium niobate are noteworthy. As biosystem, the method of reducing CO2 by calcareous algae which simultaneously advances fixing and calcification of CO2 by photosynthesis is noteworthy. 129 refs., 45 figs., 20 tabs.

Fiscal 1976 Sunshine Project result report. Research on solar energy utilization systems (total system); 1976 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Total system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1977-03-01

For every solar energy utilization field, its background, feasibility, impact in practical use, and R and D policy in Japan were studied. Heating and hot water supply by solar energy are already practical because of less technical problems and reasonable profitability, and cooling is also practical as far as a technical viewpoint. At present, the technical level of solar heat power generation is in the stage of basic technology, however, in the future, development of economically reasonable systems will be demanded as well as establishment of its technology. The most difficult problem for realizing practical solar cell power generation systems is cost reduction. It is also another problem that a big demand of Si for solar cells further exceeds the current yield of Si in a semiconductor industry. A small-scale hybrid solar cell power generation system applicable to the roof of general residences is already feasible. Although a solar furnace is still poor in application to industrial fields, it is expected as the leading part for a future solar heat chemical industry. (NEDO)

Report on feasibility study of district energy-saving and waste heat utilization for City of Iwai; Iwai-shi chiiki sho energy hainetsu riyo kanosei chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

As part of the (district energy-saving visions for City of Iwai), the feasibility study is implemented for citizen community facilities which utilize waste heat discharged from factories in the city. More concretely, those items studied include a heated pool, other community facilities and botanical garden of tropical plants which utilize waste heat of exhaust gas cooling water heated to around 70 degrees C by a desulfurization unit at a pulp factory. Case 1 includes the citizen community facilities (e.g., heated pool and bath facilities), and Case 2 includes a green house botanical garden, involving studies on facility scales, requirements of heat and recycling water, hot water supply, air conditioning, bath systems, and heating systems for green houses. It is estimated that the citizen community facilities have an energy saving effect of 640kL/y as fuel oil, which corresponds to saving of around 29 million yen/y, and CO2 abatement effect of 471t/y as carbon, and that the green house botanical garden has an energy saving effect of 669kL/y as fuel oil, which corresponds to saving of around 30 million yen/y, and CO2 abatement effect of 492t/y as carbon. (NEDO)

Report on a feasibility survey of the cold accumulated heat use energy system in Hokkaido; Hokkaido ni okeru reichikunetsu riyo energy system no kanosei chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

A survey was conducted of various systems which use in summer cold heat from the snow stored in winter. A model of the cold accumulated heat system of the type which has a high possibility of the introduction was built to study a possibility of the realization. Types of the model system were selected assuming the utilization of cold heat energy of snow in Sapporo, a typical large city in the cold heavy-snow area. Studies were made on each model of urban type commercial facilities, urban type offices, suburban type shopping center, and suburban type hospitals. For each model, more than one systems were studied according to types and forms of the storage tank, and heat recovery methods. As a result, it was found that cold heat energy of snow can be utilized almost effectively by making an appropriate study of the energy balance like the possible supply of cold heat exceeded the demand in two models of an urban type office building and an suburban type hospital. Further, operating expenses of typical models were roughly calculated. 51 figs., 20 figs.

Evaluation report on research and development of 'the comprehensive water recycling and utilization systems'; 'Mizu sogo saisei riyo system' no kenkyu kaihatsu ni kansuru hyoka hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1991-08-01

This research and development project is aimed at treatment of sewage, industrial waste water and the like at lower cost for reutilization, while efficiently producing methane or the like by the systems annexed to the water treatment systems with high-concentration bio-reactor systems incorporating separation membranes. The waste water types studied to be treated by these systems include sewage discharged in large quantities and waste water containing oil/fat and protein (low-concentration waste water), and starch-, alcohol and paper/pulp-containing waste water, and excrements (medium-concentration waste water). The project has found the optimum systems, by adequately configuring the separation membrane modules, and combining dissolution of suspended solid with methane fermentation reactors for selective treatment of organic substances; improved efficiencies of removing organic substances and producing methane by fermentation, and realized reduction in quantities of discharged sludge; and thereby established the bases for the new waste water treatment techniques. The reactor systems developed for water treatment are those based on biological removal of nitrogen. They greatly reduce treatment time to produce treated water of high quality. For treatment of sludge, the techniques have been developed to convert sludge into oil. These results are well applicable to various areas, e.g., sewage treatment, and food and pulp industries. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1974 Sunshine Project result report. Research on solar energy utilization systems (total system); 1974 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Total system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1975-03-01

The current most important solar energy utilization fields are solar energy power generation (solar heat and photovoltaic power generation), and solar heat cooling and heating. A solar heat power system collects or stores solar thermal energy as energy source of power systems, and converts it to electric power through heat exchange systems. To establish such system, not only R and D on a collector, absorption capsule, storage unit and heat transfer unit, but also complete study on an optimum system configuration and environmental impact are necessary. A photovoltaic power system converts solar energy to electric power directly by photoelectric conversion device such solar cell. Except specific local uses, drastic cost reduction and improvement of a conversion efficiency (at present 12-15%) and life (several years) are necessary for solar cells. Although a lot of solar heat cooling and heating systems is in practical use in Japan, for its further diffusion an important research task is development of heat collector excellent in efficiency, cost, life and maintainability. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 achievement report. Research and development of low-pollution brown coal utilization technology; 2000 nendo seika hokokusho. Kattan no teikogai riyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Studies were made for developing low-pollution easy-to-operate industrial furnaces for use in small and medium size plants in Indonesia. In this fiscal year, two kinds were selected out of Indonesia yielded brown coals, which were then subjected to test combustion in a bench scale fluidized bed combustor for examination for their combustion characteristics and environmental impact generating characteristics. The nitrogen oxides from the brown coals were found to mark approximately 100 ppm at an excess air ratio of 1.4, which was higher than in the case of bituminous coal. The NOx concentration level was found to be lower in the circulation fluidized bed boiler than in the spreader stoker fired boiler. Combustion efficiency exceeding 98% was achieved. A survey was conducted of brown coal users in various industrial fields in Indonesia. It was then concluded that the tested method not be recommended for use in small businesses in the textile industry because there would be no economic profit or improved efficiency for them but that it would be feasible in the plantation industry where the fluidized bed combustion/heat exchanger aided indirect process and the use of electrical dust precipitators would protect products from contamination. (NEDO)

Performance analysis on borehole energy storage system including utilization of solar thermal and photovoltaic energies; Taiyonetsu hikari riyo wo fukumu borehole energy chozo system no kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saito, T [Tohoku University, Sendai (Japan); Yamaguchi, A [Matsushita Electric Co. Ltd., Osaka (Japan)

1996-10-27

A permanent borehole energy storage system utilizing solar energy and waste heat from coolers is simulated, to be used as an air conditioning system for super-tall buildings. A 100m-long pipe is buried vertically into the ground, and a heat medium is caused to circulate in the pipe for the exchange of heat with the soil. Thirty borehole units are used, each measuring 9m{times}9m (with the pipe pitch being 3m). Solar cells occupying half of the wall surface facing south and solar collectors installed on the roof supply electric power and heat for cooling and warming. Heat in the ground is transferred mainly by conduction but also is carried by water and gas in movement. So, an analysis is carried out using an equation in which heat and water move at the same time. Because waste heat from cooling and warming systems is accumulated in the ground and none is discharged into the air, big cities will be protected from warming (from developing heat islands). As compared with the conventional boiler-aided air conditioning system, a hybrid borehole system incorporating solar collectors and solar cells will bring about an 80% reduction in CO2 emission and annual energy consumption. 7 refs., 3 figs., 4 tabs.

WE-NET. Substask 4. Development of hydrogen production technologies; 1998 nendo suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET). 4. Suiso seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Under the hydrogen-utilizing international clean energy system technology project WE-NET (World Energy NET Work), researches were conducted aiming at the establishment of a hydrogen production technology through electrolysis of polymer electrolyte solution. In fiscal 1998, element technologies were developed for the development of high-efficiency/large-capacity water electrolyzing plants using electrodeless deposition and hot pressing, research and investigation of optimum operating conditions were conducted, and a service plant conceptual design and a polymer electrolytic membrane were developed. In addition, literature was searched for the current state of ion exchange membranes and water electrolysis, both indispensable for the hydrogen production technology discussed in this paper. In the field of lamination of large cells (electrode surface:2500cm{sup 2}), an excellent energy efficiency level exceeding 90% set as the target for a large laminated cell performance test was achieved - 92.6% by electrodeless deposition and 94.4% by hot pressing. As for polymer membranes capable of resisting high temperatures, a membrane with an ionic conductivity of 0.066S/cm at 200 degrees C was newly developed. (NEDO)

Impact of hepatitis C virus genotype-4 eradication following direct acting antivirals on liver stiffness measurement

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tag-Adeen M

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Mohammed Tag-Adeen,1,2 Ahlam Mohamed Sabra,1 Yuko Akazawa,2 Ken Ohnita,2 Kazuhiko Nakao2 1Department of Internal Medicine, Qena School of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt; 2Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan Background: Liver fibrosis is the most important prognostic factor in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV patients, and Egypt shows the highest worldwide HCV prevalence with genotype-4 predominance. The aim of this study was to investigate the degree of liver stiffness measurement (LSM improvement after successful HCV eradication.Patients and methods: The study included 84 chronic HCV Egyptian patients, and was conducted at Qena University Hospital from November 1, 2015 till October 31, 2016. LSM was obtained by FibroScan® before starting direct acting antiviral (DAA treatment and after achieving sustained virologic response-24 (SVR-24. Based on baseline LSM, patients were stratified into F0–F1, F2, F3 and F4 groups (METAVIR. LSM and laboratory data after achieving SVR-24 was compared with that before starting therapy in each fibrosis group (F0-F4, p-value <0.05 was statistically significant.Results: Following DAA treatment, 80 patients achieved SVR-24; of these, 50 were males (62.5%, mean age: 54.2±7.6 years, and mean body mass index: 28.6±2.2 kg/m2. Mean baseline LSM dropped from 15.6±10.8 to 12.1±8.7 kPa post-SVR; the maximum change of −5.8 occurred in F4 versus −2.79, −1.28 and +0.08 in F3, F2 and F0–F1 respectively (p<0.0001. At baseline, 41 patients were in the F4 group; only 16 (39% regressed to non-cirrhotic range (<12.5 kPa, while 25 (61% were still cirrhotic despite achieving SVR-24 (p<0.0001. Patients who achieved LSM improvement (n=64 have had significantly higher baseline aspartate transferase (AST and alanine transaminase (ALT. Also, those patients showed significant improvement in AST, AST/platelets ratio index

FY 1999 Advanced research and development project under New Sunshine Project. Study on supercritical solvolysis reaction; 1999 nendo chorinkai ryutai riyo gijutsu sendo kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The research and development project is implemented for the chemical processes which utilize supercritical fluids, in order to establish the basic technologies for the environment-friendly chemical processes. For the solvolysis, the conditions under which plastics are hydrolyzed in supercritical water are investigated, and the basic data are obtained for the optimum conditions under which thermoplastic resins are hydrolyzed. The mechanisms involved in hydrolysis of polymers in supercritical water are elucidated to some extent. The environment-friendly process for synthesizing polycarbonate in supercritical carbon dioxide gas is investigated, and the continuous flow sheets are established for securing almost 100% conversion in the presence of an inexpensive catalyst. For the oxidation, the tests are conducted to burn low-grade coal in supercritical water, and the conditions under which it is burnt without releasing acid and toxic gases are found. For the hydrogenation, heavy fuel oil is treated in supercritical water to produce the lighter products. The conditions under which light oils and gases are produced are clarified, and the basic data are obtained for producing light gases from the resultant coke as the by-product. (NEDO)

Report on evaluation of research and development of resources recycling/reutilization systems. Phase 2; Shigen saisei riyo gijutsu system no kenkyu kaihatsu (dainiki) ni kansuru hyoka hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1983-08-01

Described herein are the final evaluation results obtained by the 7-year R and D project, beginning in the FY 1976, established by the national project system for developing the techniques for treating urban solid wastes. This project has developed a semi-wet type selective crushing/sorting unit for sorting the wastes, and established the elementary techniques for recycling the wastes into various products, e.g., compost, pulp, combustible gases, aggregates, methane gas, or fuel oil. Two types of total treating systems, in which these elementary techniques are integrated, have been developed; one is to recover materials and the other energy. They can comprehensively, efficiently treat the wastes, adapting themselves to various situations. Pyrolysis which discharges reduced quantities of flue gases is adopted. Waste water is treated, mainly by biological treatment which is supported by the conventional methods, e.g., coagulation and adsorption. The cost estimation results indicate that the total system developed by this project can compare favorably with the conventional incineration system under general conditions, at a capacity of 300 t/d or more, when taking into consideration the secondary effects brought by the recycling/reutilization. This system is commercially feasible, when it meets with local characteristics, e.g., garbage collecting systems, market values of recycled resources, treatment/disposal conditions, and natural and social environments. This project has sufficiently achieved the original objectives. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1976 Sunshine Project result report. Research on solar energy utilization systems (photovoltaic power generation); 1976 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1977-03-01

This report describes the fiscal 1976 research result on the technical and economical perspectives of various solar cells, high-efficiency solar cell and its evaluation technique, and a photovoltaic power generation system and its applications. On Si single-crystal slice solar cell, it was pointed out that cost reduction by automatic production process using no vacuum process is essential. On Si thin film solar cell, some problems to be solved for development of particle accelerating growth technique were pointed out. Study was also made on 2-6 group compound semiconductor solar cell, 3-5 group bulk crystal solar cell, 3-5 group thin film solar cell, solar collection solar cell, and raw polycrystal Si materials. On photovoltaic power generation systems, it was reconfirmed through reconsideration of power generation systems for every application that the photovoltaic power generation system for residences is promising. On medium- scale power generation systems, study was made on power load and system configuration in consideration of applications to electric railway, highway, and power source of isolated islands. (NEDO)

Some future projects in space activities. Centering around utilization of moon and satellite; Uchu kaihatsu no mirai koso ni tsuite. Tsuki/wakusei no riyo wo chushin ni

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saito, T [Obayashi Corp., Osaka (Japan); Kobayashi, H [Taisei Corp., Tokyo (Japan); Takagi, K [Shimizu Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1994-09-05

Imagining a space in the middle of the 21st century, a space station installed with the artificial gravity generation facility is constructed, and a space factory utilizing a gravity free environment is also constructed. The construction materials for the space structures of this kind are prepared from the resources of the Luna. A solar power generation satellite being arranged with the solar cells manufactured from a silicon of the Luna is allocated on a geostationary orbit, and a power generated is supplied to the earth by the microwave. In such a time, a regular liner to the Luna and a ferry boat to the Mars will have come to fly, and furthermore an oxygen used for the propellant to them as well will be supplied from the Luna. In order to realize such a conception, there are various problems to be overcome such as a transportation problem first of all, a long life problem in the Luna and Mars bases and so forth. Furthermore a consideration to the environmental conservation of the Luna and Mars is also required. The nature of the Luna without a crustal alteration, meteorological phenomena, and organisms has no force to restore an environmental destruction. As for a space development in the future, it is desired that it should not damage a nature of the space and should be a field to chase a possibility of the human beings for a long time. 30 refs., 14 figs., 1 tab.

Report on the project for spread/promotion of technology for the industrial waste optimized treatment in the Asian region (International Symposium `98); Asia chiiki sangyo haikibutsu tekiseika shori gijutsu nado fukyu sokushin jigyo (symposium kaisai) hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

In Japan and Asian countries, the optimized treatment of industrial waste is the problem with the economic growth. Border-crossing movement of the waste for promotion of the renewable use is also a problem. Therefore, the International Symposium `98 on the industrial waste problem in the Asian region was held. China, Thailand, the Philippines and Korea were invited to Japan to give lectures. MITI of Japan reported on the present situation of Japan and the cooperation with Asian countries. The industrial circle reported on efforts for environmental protection measures to be taken, the industrial waste problem at companies which advanced into Asian countries, effects of the Basel Convention on recycling activities, Japan`s role in Asia, etc. In the panel discussion, promotion of cooperation for recycling technology and Japan`s support for formulating strategy on the industrial waste were requested to Japan, and the construction of an Asian area network was proposed. Concerning the cooperative system between governments and private companies, it was concluded that it was necessary to discuss it considering the actual state of each country. Importance of recycle and information exchange was realized again. 10 refs., 15 figs., 27 tabs.

Survey report for fiscal 1999 on internationalization of technologies for effective use of energy resources. Survey of international trend of technology management (Survey of necessity of creating a strategic research organization for researches on technology, management, innovation, etc., for international competitiveness enhancement); 1999 nendo energy shigen yuko riyo gijutsu kenkyu kokusaika chosa kokusai gijutsu keiei doko chosa hokokusho. Kokusai kyoryoku kyoka wo mokuteki to suru 'gijutsu' 'keiei' 'innovation' nado no senryakuteki kenkyu kiko sosetsu no hitsuyosei ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Innovation plays an important role for Japan to flexibly utilize its achievements for the purpose of properly responding to new business environments and to secure competitiveness in the market. Japan lacks experts equipped with knowledge and ability as regards technology development and management which are necessary for the planning and creation of technologies, and is also short of institutes for raising experts. In America, technology management won an important position in the 1980s in the effort at industrial renovation, and the industry, government, and academia in a body endeavored to elevate the level steadily, continuously, and deliberately, to eventually provide a source of great propulsion and international competitiveness toward today's economic success. Investigations were conducted, and a proposition is made for the establishment of an international technology management research center. Such a center will study technology management and innovation through international exchange based mainly on the industrial circle and through the organic coordination of the industry, government, and academia for widely observing changes in international society for economic frontier cultivation. A practical training and intelligent network will be organized on the global scale, which will serve as an information transmitter. A skeleton of the plan is shown. (NEDO)

Study of two step constant current charging method with EV`s valve-regulated lead acid batteries for nighttime load leveling; Yakan denryoku wo yuko katsuyo dekiru denki jidoshayo namari denchi no nidantei denryu judenho no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ikeya, T.; Mita, Y.; Iwahori, T. [Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo (Japan); Iwasaki, M.; Takagi, S.; Sugii, Y.; Yada, M.; Sakabe, T.; Kosaka, E.; Tsuchiya, H.; Kanetsuki, M.; Nasu, H.; Ono, M.; Adachi, K.; Narisoko, H.; Nishiyama, K.

1997-02-01

In the constant-current/constant-voltage charging method that has been in application for EV (electric vehicle) lead-acid batteries, power load is generated only at the initial part of the charging process, and therefore the method cannot be said to be sufficiently contributory to the levelling of power loads. In this report, a proposed 2-step constant-current charging method is assessed for applicability, and another charging method is introduced, which extends battery life and utilizes low-cost night-time power more effectively. It is found that the proposed 2-step constant-current charging method (1st step: 12A, 2nd step: 3A) completes the charging process in eight hours, that it assumes a charging pattern more suitable for contributing to the effective use of night-time power than the conventional method, and that it extends the battery life of approximately 170 cycles to approximately 300 cycles. In a study seeking for a charging method capable of utilizing night-time power more efficiently, the 1st-step current of 12A is increased to 30A for shortening the charging time, and then it is found that this change extends the battery cycle life and improves on charging efficiency. The conclusion is that possibilities are high that an increase in the 1st-step current prolongs the battery life cycle and shortens the charting time. 16 refs., 28 figs., 8 tabs.

FY 1999 report on the results of the project on the industrial science technology R and D. Development of utilization technology of biological resources such as bioconsortium system (Development of the bioconsortium system utilization/production technology); 1999 nendo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Fukugou seibutsukei tou seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu (Fukugou seibutsukei riyo seisan gijutsu no kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of developing the functional substance production technology, petroleum degrading/cleaning technology and high-grade utilization technology of the unused petroleum fraction, study was conducted of the culture control technology in substance production and substance decomposition by bioconsortia, and the FY 1999 results were reported. As to the functional material production technology, study was made of the separation/culture technology, functional substance production technology using bioconsortia (control substance searching method in the ocean microbial consortia system, isolation of control substance/structure determination/separation of production bacteria, elucidation of the inter-species communication substance function, heightening of function of the production microbial consortia), etc. Concerning the effective degrading/cleaning technology of petroleum compounds, study was made of the molecular genetic analysis technology, histochemical analysis technology, analysis technology of the solvent resistance mechanism, bioconsortia analysis system technology, global environmental purification technology such as the effective decomposition of environmental pollutants, etc. Relating to the high-grade utilization technology of the unused petroleum fraction, study was made of the chemical analysis of the photolysis crude oil, selection of the decomposition microbial consortia, etc. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the research and development project for utilization of information of high-molecular-weight structures in a living body. Survey on the technological trends of utilizing the reactions with metals in a living body; 2000 nendo seitai kobunshi kozo joho riyo gijutsu kaihatsu chosa hokokusho. 'Seitai kinzoku hanno riyo gijutsu' ni kansuru gijutsu doko chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Described herein are the FY 2000 results of the survey on the technological trends of utilizing the reactions with metals in a living body, noting the bio-processes effectively coping with the environmental problems. The effects of heavy metals on microorganisms have been investigated on the molecular biology level, but are not fully elucidated. Recently, the microorganisms capable of converting inorganic metal ions in water into the insoluble compounds have been known, leading to possibility of bioremediation to solve pollution by heavy metals, which have detrimental effects on human health. Heavy metals must be recovered, because they are not extinct by decomposition. The plant aided purification has been attracting attention to cope with heavy metals accumulated in soil. Application of bacteria-aided leaching, which is adopted as one ore smelting process, to the technologies for utilizing metals in a living body has been expected, because diversified activities of inanimate matters in extreme environments have been known. Recently, bio-machining of metals aided by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, one species of independent nutrient bacteria capable of eating metals, has been developed to a potentially viable stage. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the research and development project for utilization of information of high-molecular-weight structures in a living body. Survey on the technological trends of utilizing the reactions with metals in a living body; 2000 nendo seitai kobunshi kozo joho riyo gijutsu kaihatsu chosa hokokusho. 'Seitai kinzoku hanno riyo gijutsu' ni kansuru gijutsu doko chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Described herein are the FY 2000 results of the survey on the technological trends of utilizing the reactions with metals in a living body, noting the bio-processes effectively coping with the environmental problems. The effects of heavy metals on microorganisms have been investigated on the molecular biology level, but are not fully elucidated. Recently, the microorganisms capable of converting inorganic metal ions in water into the insoluble compounds have been known, leading to possibility of bioremediation to solve pollution by heavy metals, which have detrimental effects on human health. Heavy metals must be recovered, because they are not extinct by decomposition. The plant aided purification has been attracting attention to cope with heavy metals accumulated in soil. Application of bacteria-aided leaching, which is adopted as one ore smelting process, to the technologies for utilizing metals in a living body has been expected, because diversified activities of inanimate matters in extreme environments have been known. Recently, bio-machining of metals aided by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, one species of independent nutrient bacteria capable of eating metals, has been developed to a potentially viable stage. (NEDO)

Report for fiscal 1998 on industrial waste optimized treatment technologies dissemination and promotion business for asian region. Holding a symposium; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Asia chiiki sangyo haikibutsu tekiseika shori gijutsu nado fukyu sokushin jigyo (symposium kaisai)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

An International Symposium on the Asian Industrial Waste Issue was held in Tokyo on 4 February 1999, where lectures were delivered by participants representing China, the Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, and Japan. More 150 people attended the event, with questions and answered animatedly exchanged between the lecturers and the audience. The progress of urbanization is quite rapid in China, with the quantity of waste increasing every years to justify the anticipation that there will be a very sharp increase in refuse incineration in the near future. Raising a serious problem in China these days is the plastic waste. In the Philippines, there are no private-sector waste treatment/disposal facilities and corporations are not obliged to take care of their waste. Consequently, very little treatment or recycling is being undertaken. In Thailand, although waste treatment/disposal centers are in operation financed by the Government and private sectors, the cost is very high, and the Government policy is that private investment will be encouraged and supported in future. In Malaysia, privatization is in progress of the business of managing waste in the solidified form. A comprehensive waste treatment/disposal plant was completed in 1998 by the endeavors of a Denmark-Malaysia consortium, and is in operation since then. (NEDO)

FY 1998 report on the waste processing/recycling related technology, 'The R and D of lead-free solder standardization'; 1998 nendo haikibutsu shori recycle kanren gijutsu seika hokokusho. Namari free handa kikakuka nado kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

To reduce the environmental pollution caused by lead eluted from the electronic equipment waste, the R and D on lead-free solder were conducted and the results were summarized. As to the basic characteristics, the evaluation test method was studied in terms of the range of melting temperature, mechanical strength, wettability and joint strength, to select a uniform test method. As the lead-free solder, Sn-Ag alloys were mainly used and mixed in a combination of Cu, Bi and In. Changes in characteristics were made clear by adding trace elements such as Ge, Mn and P. Relating to the applied characteristics, in selection of solder materials, materials were selected for which evaluation of the commercialization is proceeded with from a viewpoint of promotion of commercialization. Concerning the experimental evaluation of characteristics of lead-free solder in mounted substrates, it was indicated that basically lead-free solder can be practically used. Further, it was indicated that the Sn-Ag-Cu-Bi system depends not on solder composition but on active force, printing accuracy and flux characteristic of solder paste, that improvement of solder paste has an effect on mounting characteristics. (NEDO)

Development of a material for preventing fluidization of asphalt laid on a road by using coal-ash. Sekitan hai riyo ni yoru asufaruto hoso ryudoka boshizai no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yamamoto, T. (Tohoku Electric Power Co. Inc., Sendai (Japan). Electric Power Engineering Lab.); Yamada, Y. (Taiseirotec Corp., Tokyo (Japan)); Chiba, Y. (Ministry of Construction, Tokyo (Japan))

1993-05-30

Currently, although prevention of fluidization of asphalt using modified asphalt mixed with resin and rubber has been taken, application of such a fluidization prevention means is limited, due to the reasons of high cost and difficult quality control, particularly mainly to places in the vicinity of intersections where the traffic is heavy, on bridges and in tunnels where construction is difficult. In addition, although low penetration asphalt is used, in this case, there are problems of deterioration of wear resistance and of cracks caused by temperature stress at low temperatures. The writers have conducted a study of imparting asphalt a fluidization resistance by adsorbing light oil in asphalt on a coal-ash fluidization preventing agent (FB) mixed in advance in an asphalt mixture. This article reports a study about the influence of mixing ratio and grain size of coal-ash upon the anti-fluidization property and durability of asphalt when coal-ash discharged from coal thermal power plants is mixed into asphalt, and a confirmation of the effectiveness of the mixing of coal-ash by actual road tests. 6 refs., 22 figs., 11 tabs.

FY 1997 report on the study on creation of inorganic materials under micro-gravity environment; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (bisho juryoku kankyo riyo muki zairyo no sosei kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Study was made on creation of new functional inorganic materials under micro-gravity condition in an underground non-gravity experiment center to develop new production techniques of inorganic crystalline thin film, fine glass particle, anharmonic alloy, spherical semiconductor and surface modified semiconductor thin film. The micro-gravity observation result was analyzed numerically of interference fringes of Cu ion around an electrode during electrolysis. Experimental data relatively well agreed with computer simulation data. Prototype CdTe thin film was prepared by electrolysis. The size control condition of fine true spherical glass particles was clarified by micro-gravity evaporation/condensation of glass. Pb-Zn system alloys as an anharmonic alloy were prepared under micro-gravity condition, however, no compound of Pb and Zn was found. A production equipment of true spherical single-crystalline semiconductor by melting cubic Ge under micro-gravity condition, and basic data of heating condition were obtained. Surface modified semiconductor thin film was also obtained by micro-gravity laser annealing of SiGe prepared by plasma CVD. 23 refs., 65 figs., 6 tabs.

Fiscal 1974 Sunshine Project result report. Research on solar energy utilization systems (solar heat power generation); 1974 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Taiyonetsu hatsuden

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1975-03-01

This report summarizes the fiscal 1974 research result on solar heat power generation. The following are promising as solar heat power plant sites in Japan: Large-scale sites such as the foot of volcanos, riverbed, railway site and road, medium-scale sites such as isolated island, saltpan site and industrial park, and small-scale sites such as factory site, factory roof floor, housing complex, warehouse and school. Based on the primary concept design of both curved reflector type and tower type 1,000kW class solar heat power plants, various requirements were clarified roughly. It was clarified that food, fiber and non-ferrous metal factories can cover 80-90% of their thermal energy requirements with high- temperature solar heat, while factories related to food and fiber can cover even nearly 100% of their electric power requirements with solar heat. Study was also made on specifications of a solar simulator as common use facility necessary for characteristic evaluation of equipment and materials for solar heat power generation systems. (NEDO)

Research report for fiscal 1998. Study of utilization of biomass including foods in energy industry; 1998 nendo shokubutsu nado no biomass no energy riyo ni kansuru chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Rice being produced as food is taken up out of various types of biomass, and a feasibility study from the viewpoints of technology and economy is conducted as to its use in the energy industry. The production of ethanol from rice, though it has no past record worth discussion, is similar to the production of ethanol from other biomass resources in terms of technology and economy. The problem is that the production cost of rice is far higher than those of other materials. It is expected, however, that there will a large-scale production cost reduction and an increase in the yield when novel cultivation techniques are introduced in the future. It is also expected that alcohol from rice will be sufficiently competitive with alcohol from molasses or the like when the exploitation of cellulose-family by-products such as husks becomes feasible. The study on this occasion deals solely with the effective use of farmland and the surplus rice. A confrontation between rice as a biomass resource and rice as a food has to be avoided as much as possible in the long term because it may cause a price rise and compromise the security of food supply. That is, in discussing this matter, it is mandatory to draw a very definite line between rice as a food and rice as an alcohol production material. (NEDO)

Leading survey and research report for fiscal 1999. New technology based on functions involved in intracellular protein transport; 1999 nendo saibonai tanpakushitsu yuso kino riyo gijutsu kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

An intercellular transport technology (artificial manipulation of an intracellular protein transport system in eucaryotes) is studied for the accumulation of cytotoxic proteins, whose expression has so far been difficult, and activated proteins, which have avoided decomposition, in appropriate intracellular minute organs. The aim is to construct a system to allow foreign proteins high in productivity and quality to express themselves for production in eucaryotes. Basic surveys were conducted of the intracellular biological functions of single-membrane organelles (endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisome, vacuole/lysosome, and Golgi body), the molecular mechanism of protein transport to each organelle, and protein activation and quality control, and element technologies were extracted. For the development of novel pharmaceuticals making use of the intracellular protein transport technology, an activated protein production system was built and a search was made for transport activity impeding substances. Research tasks relative to the development of the new technologies were isolated, such as the visualization of intercellular transport. A survey was made of the market for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, enzymes, and visualizing equipment (fluorescence microscope provided with new functions), etc. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1976 Sunshine Project result report. Research on solar energy utilization systems (solar heat power generation); 1976 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Taiyonetsu hatsuden

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1977-03-01

Research was made on solar heat power generation following last fiscal year, as a part of solar energy utilization technologies. In this fiscal year, in particular, research was made on the following: selection of suitable sites for solar heat power plants in Japan, estimation of expected power supply, positioning of a solar heat power system among future power systems, operation policy of solar heat power systems, survey on suitable sites for the 1,000kW pilot power plant, operation characteristics of the small test plant, design of the 1,000kW pilot power plant, test methods and facilities for every element equipment of solar heat power systems, an environmental test method for mostly solar collectors, and the profitability of solar heat power systems. Optimum operation temperature levels were nearly 350 degrees C for distributed systems and nearly 400 degrees C for centralized ones. The distributed system is profitable in a unit capacity range less than 5-10MWe, while the centralized system is profitable in a range over 10MWe. Under some assumptions, the power cost of solar heat power systems was estimated to be 20-30yen/kWH. (NEDO)

Research and development of system to utilize photovoltaic energy. Survey on the specific purpose modules; Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system no kenkyu kaihatsu. Taiyoto module ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

This paper reports the survey results on the specific purpose modules for photovoltaic power generation in fiscal 1994. (1) On the feasibility survey on new application fields, it was clarified that photovoltaic power generation is applicable to extensive areas such as farmland, road, railway and public facility as latent demand sites. (2) On the optimum modules for various specific purposes, the structure, production method, cost estimation and issues of various modules were studied for desert, wasteland, coast, ocean, river, embankment, railway, road, mobile facility and arcade. (3) On the survey on new materials and material development, various conventional materials and materials promising for required performance were surveyed for every application. (4) On the survey on technology trends, the survey members participated in the first international photovoltaic energy conversion conference and the photovoltaic power generation workshop, while the members held the 1st-5th specific purpose module subcommittees. 1 tab.

Survey report for fiscal 2000 on survey of high-efficiency gasification technology of catalyst utilization type; 2000 nendo chosa hokokusho. Shokubai riyo gata kokoritsu gas ka gijutsu chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Survey and experimental research have been carried out on coal gasification using a pressurized internal circulation fluidized bed, spouted bed hydrogenation pyrolysis, supercritical water gasification, and a possibility of efficiency improvement by utilization of catalyst in chemical raw material production spouted bed gasification system. In the coal gasification using the pressurized internal circulation fluidized bed, an experiment was performed by using active alumina and Ni catalyst, where outstanding effect was identified. In the spouted bed hydrogenation pyrolysis, an experiment was executed by using iron hydroxide catalyst, but no noticeable effect was recognized. In the supercritical water gasification, an experiment was carried out by using Na{sub 2}CO2 and K{sub 2}CO{sub 3} catalysts, where it was found that the effect of the catalysts is little in the supercritical gasification reaction area of 800 degrees C. The power generation system composite with the chemical raw material production spouted bed gasification is a one-path system in which coal is gasified by the spouted bed gasification furnace, catalyst and steam are put into a heat exchanger to perform DME synthesis, and non-reacted gas is supplied as gas turbine fuel. Estimation was made on the possibility by an on-the-desk study, which requires experiments in the future. (NEDO)

Intestinal absorption, organ distribution, and urinary excretion of the rare sugar D-psicose

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tsukamoto I

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Ikuko Tsukamoto,1,* Akram Hossain,2,3,* Fuminori Yamaguchi,2 Yuko Hirata,2 Youyi Dong,2 Kazuyo Kamitori,2 Li Sui,2 Machiko Nonaka,2 Masaki Ueno,4 Kazuyuki Nishimoto,5 Hirofumi Suda,5 Kenji Morimoto,6 Tsuyoshi Shimonishi,7,† Madoka Saito,8 Tao Song,9 Ryoji Konishi,1 Masaaki Tokuda2 1Department of Pharmaco-Bio-Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan; 2Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan; 3Matsutani Chemical Industry Co, Ltd, Itami, Japan; 4Department of Inflammation Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan; 5Division of Radioisotope Research, Life Science Research Center, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan; 6Rare Sugar Research Center, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan; 7IZUMORING LLC, Miki, Kita, Kagawa, Japan; 8Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan; 9The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work†Tsuyoshi Shimonishi has passed away Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate intestinal absorption, organ distribution, and urinary elimination of the rare sugar D-psicose, a 3-carbon stereoisomer of D-fructose that is currently being investigated and which has been found to be strongly effective against hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Methods: This study was performed using radioactive D-psicose, which was synthesized enzymatically from radioactive D-allose. Concentrations in whole blood, urine, and organs were measured at different time points until 2 hours after both oral and intravenous administrations and 7 days after a single oral administration (100 mg/kg body weight to Wistar rats. Autoradiography was also performed by injecting 100 mg/kg body weight of 14C-labeled D-psicose or glucose intravenously to C3H mice. Results: Following oral administration, D-psicose easily moved to blood. The maximum blood

Fiscal 2000 achievement report. Development of technologies for waste treatment and recycling (Development of technologies for appropriate treatment of air bags); 2000 nendo haikibutsu recycle kanren gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Air bag tekisei shori gijutsu no kaihatsu nado

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

A centralized treatment process respecting environmental protection and safety for unused air bags aboard disused automobiles is developed. In concrete terms, a heating facility owned by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd., is used, which includes an apparatus for examining exhaust gas dioxins and an exhaust gas treatment apparatus and, with this facility, studies are made for appropriately treating waste gas and waste water to be generated when air bag modules undergo centralized heating. Endeavors in fiscal 2000 center about (1) the development of waste gas treatment technologies, (2) development of waste water treatment technologies, (3) chemical analysis of waste water sludge, dusts and air bag residues, and (4) the study of appropriate treatment of non-azide air bag modules. As to the development of exhaust gas treatment technology, it was proved that the exhaust gas treatment system consisting of secondary incineration furnace, exhaust gas cooling tower and bag filter worked effectively. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 survey report. Survey report on development and utilization of alternative energies for oil in Pacific region; 2000 nendo Taiheiyo chiiki sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu riyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

A survey was conducted, with environmental matters taken into consideration, for building an information gathering infrastructure for the countries in the Pacific region, capable of promptly and accurately collecting and offering energy related information. Conducted in this fiscal year were regular data gathering, review of oil supply and demand and alternative energy supply and demand in the Pacific region, on-site survey of alternative energy development and utilization in Vietnam, quarterly analyses of trend of energy demand, and the like. The supply of primary energy in the Pacific region increased by 2.3% per year in the period 1980 through 1998. The rate of increase was the lowest with oil, and the highest with hydroelectricity, atomic power, and recoverable energies such as geothermal energy. The Vietnamese Government is promoting its efforts to develop power sources by use of recoverable energies for farm village electrification. Efforts are being earnestly exerted to develop its rich natural gas resources and it is expected that there will be a remarkable achievement in the use of alternative energies due to an increase in natural gas consumption. In the field of data collection, various data were registered with the database. (NEDO)

FY 1994 report on the cooperative research on the biological use mine wastewater treatment technology; 1994 nendo bio riyo ni yoru kohaisui shori gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

In this project, a pilot plant for mine wastewater treatment facilities using Thiobacillus ferrooxidans was installed at the Wushan mine in China to study the operation using the bacteria habitable in this mine. The project aims at establishing the mine wastewater treatment technology using the method of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans in China. The field survey and study in Japan were carried out. In the field survey, the technical guidance was given for incubation method, neutralization experiment method and analysis method of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. In the study in Japan, one kind of bacteria to be used was selected in the 'selection test for the optimum kind of bacteria,' and a study was made which was titled 'Study of mine wastewater treatment using the method of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans which is suitable for the mine site.' In 'Study of the optimum removal of heavy metal in mine wastewater,' a table test of sulfide precipitation method was conducted on copper removal/recovery to make formation conditions of copper sulfide clear. The conditions obtained were reflected in 'Study of mine wastewater treatment by the method of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans which is suitable for the mine site,' and various conditions for bacteria oxidation process were studied. The paper surveyed characteristics of heavy metal and temperature of Chinese strains. Further, the basic data were acquired which contribute to the production of inorganic flocculants. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 research cooperation project. Research cooperation on diversity preservation and sustainable use for living organisms; 1998 nendo seibutsu tayosei hozen to jizokuteki riyo nado ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This report describes the titled research cooperation. Joint R and D with Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia was made on collection and preservation of bio-resources such as tropical rain forest, and sustainable use of them by developing countries themselves. The project includes the simple identification and preservation technology of biospecies such as microorganism, assessment and monitoring technology of ecosystem, search of useful functions of biospecies, and construction of a bio-resource information network. This project promotes conversion of excessive hunting into resource conservation in agriculture, forestry and fisheries industries, and establishment of the basis of new product development in chemical and pharmaceutical industries. This project also contributes to preparation of the basic scheme of developed countries including Japan to countries holding bio-resources in addition to industrial basis preparation of every country. Until 1997, basis establishment has been made such as training of researchers, preparation of equipment and technical guidance, and in the final 1998, various results such as extraction of promising samples from microorganisms were obtained. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 report on the environment friendly type coal utilization technology transfer project. Downstream field; 1997 nendo gyomu hokokusho. Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo gijutsu iten jigyo (karyu bun`ya)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

For the purpose of supporting the introduction/spread of clean coal technology (CCT) in countries in Asia and the Pacific, engineers of the countries concerned were invited to Japan aiming to ferment the understanding of CCT and improve abilities of them. The project was carried out by NEDO, and managed by CCUJ. It has two courses. The manager course is for policy makers, management and senior managers. By assessing CCT and presenting a menu for economical efficiency, environmental arrangement for CCT introduction is made in working out policies and planning plant/equipment investment in the future. The engineer course is for policy planners, mid-class managers and senior engineers. It proposes data on which to base a decision in working out/planning CCT facilities, and at the same time ideas by which to reduce environmental loads by management of facilities, simple improvements, etc. The number of the persons invited are 21, that is, 8 from China, 5 from Indonesia, 4 from the Philippines and 4 from Thailand. After the training, future subjects were summed up

Fiscal 1999 survey report. Survey of development and utilization of energy substitutes for oil in the Pacific region; 1999 nendo Taiheiyo chiiki sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu riyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The Pacific region is a densely populated region where economy is developing at a high pace with China and other newly industrialized economies at the core. When energy balance in the region is studied, it is found that China and some others have already turned pure importers of energy and that probabilities are high that, along with development of economy and improvement on living standards, all the nations in the region will become pure importers. Accordingly, in the presence of urgent problems of global pollution and oil resources depletion, it is important to make sure that data particularly about the development of substitute energies for oil in this region be collected and duly dealt with for accurately predicting future developments. In this survey, a database is to be built to grasp the trends of energy supply and demand with attention focused on substitutes for oil which are available at hand. In this fiscal year, data for 1997 were added to the database for analysis into demand and supply of substitutes for oil in the Pacific region, and energy data were gathered for this purpose. Detailed tables of balance were compiled, broken down by energy source. Other detailed tables of balance were also prepared, these broken down by ultimate consumption department. (NEDO)

Solid electrolyte membranes and the system to produce hydrogen from thermally decomposed water by solar energy; Taiyo energy riyo ni yoru mizu no chokusetsu netsubunkai kara no suiso seizoyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nigara, K; Watanabe, K; Kawamura, K; Kawada, T; Mizusaki, J; Ishigame, M [Tohoku University, Sendai (Japan). Research Institute for Scientific Measurements

1996-10-27

For conversion of solar heat to transportable energy, hydrogen production by direct thermal decomposition of water using concentrated high-temperature solar heat was studied. Water vapor is injected into the tubular target with high melting point and high oxygen permeability at high temperature while heating the target by concentrated solar heat over 2000K. Oxygen in decomposed gas is discharged through an oxygen permeable membrane to extract hydrogen. Solid electrolyte is used as one of the target materials. Oxygen gas in the high-oxygen partial pressure site changes into oxygen ion by accepting two electrons at the target surface, and returns to neutral oxygen gas in the low-oxygen partial pressure site by discharging two electrons at the surface after permeation through oxygen vacancy. In the case of n-type solid electrolyte, to obtain constant permeation of a large amount of oxygen, flow of a large amount of electrons is indispensable in the opposite direction to oxygen ion. Among [(ZrO2)(1-x)(CeO2)x](0.9)(CaO)(0.1), materials of 0.4-0.5 in x seems to be useful as the target material. 7 refs., 7 figs.

Practical use of dry desulfurization equipment using coal ash and effective use of used desulfurizer. Sekitanbai riyo kanshiki datsuryu sochi no jitsuyoka to shiyozumi datsuryuzai no yukoriyo ni tsuite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Suzuki, T.; Ueno, T. (The Hokkaido Electric Power CO. Inc., Hokkaido (Japan))

1992-01-30

Practical use of dry desulfurization equipment using coal ash installed in Atsuma power plant no.1 is explained. Outline of dry desulferization process is consisted of basic principles and structure of the process which includes desulfurizer production equipment and absorption equipment. When compared with conventional wet process, equipments for waste water and for reheating of exhaust gas are not necessary, and operation maintenance has been more convenient with the simplification of the system and absorber has graded up the elimination function. Advantages of simplification of treatment of used desulfurizer, and absorption of sulfurdioxide by desulfurizer together with characteristics of desulfurizer production are given. As far as practical macineries are concerned, outline of instrument facilities, construction technology and results of experimental operation are reported. Effective Use of desulfurizer using deodorant and hedro treatment has been verified from ammonium absorption experiment and practical investigation results. However use of hedro material has required, conformity of surface caking technology, under water caking technology, under water covering technology and effect on under water living environment. 13 figs., 4 tabs.

Fiscal 1996 coal production/utilization technology promotion subsidy/clean coal technology promotion business/regional model survey. Study report on `Environmental load reduction measures: feasibility study of a coal utilization eco/energy supply system`; 1996 nendo sekitan seisan riyo gijutsu shinkohi hojokin clean coal technology suishin jigyo chiiki model chosa. `Kankyo fuka teigen taisaku sekitan riyo eko energy kyokyu system no kanosei chosa` chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Oil demand is expected to substantially grow in the future, and the use of oil with combustibles such as hull, baggase and waste is considered from an effective use of energy. A regional model survey was conducted as measures to reduce environmental loads where the fuel mixing combustion with coal and other energy is made the core. The domestic production amount of hull is 2.4-3.0 tons/year, which have a heating value of 3,500 kcal/kg. If hull can be formed into the one storable for a the long term (the one mixed with low grade coal, etc.), it can be a fuel for stable supply. Bagasse is produced 100 million tons/year, which have a heating value of 2,500 kcal/kg. Among wastes, waste tire, plastics, waste, sludge, etc. have a lot of problems in terms of price and environment, but each of them has a heating value during 3,000-10,000 kcal/kg. As to the coal combustion, the pollutional regulation on it is strict, and much higher processing technology is needed. The technology of coal fuel mixing combustion with other energy has not risen higher than the developmental level. Though the technology is a little bit higher in price than the coal fuel single combustion, it is viable. 38 refs., 32 figs., 65 tabs.

FY 1999 report on the results of the project on the industrial science technology R and D. Development of utilization technology of biological resources such as bioconsortium system (Development of the petroleum substituting fuel production technology using living organisms); 1999 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Fukugou seibutsukei tou seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu (Seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of establishing the high-grade utilization technology of unused seaweed/algae and production technology of useful substances using high-grade functions of bioconsortia, study was conducted, and the FY 1999 results were reported. In the analysis of the ocean environment adaptation mechanism, the R and D were made of a selection method of the marine microbial consortia using korormicin. In the study of the high-grade utilization technology of unused resources/substances such as marine-producing algae, several tens of the carrageenase producing microbial consortia were acquired from the surface of seaweed, and some carrageenase producing bacteria and non-producing bacteria were acquired by isolating as pure strains. In the study of the petroleum substituting useful resource production technology, developed was a monitoring system of the environmental stress using marine-product invertebrate/micro-algae symbiotic system. In the study of the high-grade utilization of large useful algae, elucidation of the related genes, fabrication of variants and analysis of genes were carried out for the bacterium BUP-7 which indicates activity of growth acceleration/shape formation of seaweed. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the project on the industrial science technology R and D. Development of utilization technology of biological resources such as bioconsortium system (Development of the petroleum substituting fuel production technology using living organisms); 1999 nendo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Fukugou seibutsukei tou seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu (Seibutsu riyo sekiyu daitai nenryo seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of developing the technology for producing and degrading useful substances using bioconsortia, study was made of the handling technology of bioconsortia, the basic element technology, etc., and the FY 1999 results were reported. In the study of the high-grade utilization technology of lignocellulose/the components, an sample was obtained in which the effect of the bacteria culture supernatant treatment was recognized in the biobleaching by co-treatment of the bacteria culture filtrate - MnP. As to the search for control factor of lignin degrading enzyme and the utilization technology, it was found out that bisphenol A was efficiently degraded by a combination of laccase and mediator production bacteria. Concerning the utilization technology of plant symbiotic bacteria, classification/identification have been finished of approximately 60% of the stored bacteria. In the study of the production technology of the petroleum substituting useful resource, a system was constructed in which immature embryos were used for callus induction and regeneration of plantlets, and plants were regenerated at high frequency via the formation of adventitious embryos. By this, the culture cell with high propagation ability was obtained. (NEDO)

FY 1977 Annual report on Sunshine Project results. Survey and research on systems utilizing solar energy (Heat-storage subsystems); 1977 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu. Chikunetsu sub system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1978-03-31

This project is aimed at surveys and researches on materials for heat-storage systems for solar thermal power generation systems and solar energy systems for air conditioning and hot water supply; analysis of current status of heat-storage subsystems and extraction of problems involved therein; and sorting out the research themes. Surveyed are the tower type light-collecting systems under development for solar thermal power generation systems, heat-storage subsystems with flat- and curved-surface type light-collecting systems; heat-storage systems being developed by the Electrotechnical Laboratory; heat-storage materials for solar thermal power generation techniques; regenerative heat exchangers; thermodynamic considerations for heat storage and molten salt techniques; and relationship between heat storage material properties and containers. Problems involved in each item are also extracted. The heat-storage subsystems for solar energy systems for air conditioning and hot water supply are now being under development, some being already commercialized, and the classification of and surveys on the related techniques are conducted. At the same time, problems involved in the heat-storage subsystems, being developed for residential buildings, condominiums and large-size buildings, are also extracted. The research themes for the heat-storage subsystems for solar air conditioning and hot water supply systems are sorted out, and case studies are conducted, based on the discussions on, e.g., thermal properties of heat-storage materials, behavior and heat transfer characteristics of latent heat type heat-storage materials, and corrosion of the heat-storage materials. (NEDO)

Utilization of statistical table for waves in North-west Pacific Ocean and a long-term estimation on hull responses; Seihoku Taiheiyo haro tokeihyo no riyo to sentai oto choki yosoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shinkai, A [Kyushu University, Fukuoka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1997-10-01

Designing a vessel to sail oceans for an extended period of time requires statistical estimation on different hull responses to waves. To meet the requirement, it is necessary to accurately identify hydrographic conditions (particularly waves) which are considered to be encountered by the vessel. This paper makes clear the statistical characteristics of the wave statistics table presented by Fang et al, and compares them with other processes for discussion. This statistics collection is based on data collected in China, Hong Kong and Japan, including those collected in the Sea of Japan, the Yellow Sea, the North Sea, the East China Sea and the South China Sea. It was found that these data provide results slightly lower than the long-term estimation values derived from data of the global wave statistics (GWS) prepared by Hogben et al. The cause for this was found attributable to the format of the statistical data, especially setting of wave height classes. However, since the data provided by Fang et al include items of detailed information on small sea areas near the Chinese coast lines, the data are thought to provide useful information source in investigating long-term hull response characteristics relative to spatial spread of the sea areas in the North-west Pacific Ocean. 15 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.

Report on a survey in fiscal 1998 for petroleum substituting energy development and utilization in the Pacific Ocean region; 1998 nendo Taiheiyo chiiki sekiyu daitai energy kaihatsu riyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

A survey was carried out to make available the information base that can collect, put into order and provide quickly and accurately the energy related information based on global environment problems in the Pacific Ocean region. Fiscal 1998 has performed a substituting energy demand and supply analysis in the Pacific Ocean region by adding the 1996 data, in addition to collection of the normal energy data. For the purpose of analyzing the petroleum substituting energy demand and supply in the Pacific Ocean region, data were collected from 17 countries for fiscal 1997 and the quarterly data for 1998. Retroactive data collection was also continued. The growth rate of primary energy supply in the Pacific Ocean region is 1.8% in average in the 1980's, and 3.8% in the 1990's. In contrast, the growth rate of petroleum substituting energies is 6.4% in the 80's and 6.2% in the former half of the 90's, being far higher than the growth rate of the primary energy supply. The share of the petroleum substituting energies accounting for in the primary energy supply has increased from 6.7% in 1980 to 12.1% in 1996. As the breakdown, nuclear power accounts for overwhelmingly large, followed by geothermal energy and new energies. (NEDO)

Study of an optimization of regeneration for an absorbent used in the solar desiccant cooling system; Taiyonetsu riyo desiccant reibo ni mochiirareru kyushuzai saisei tokusei no saitekika ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saito, Y [Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka (Japan)

1997-11-25

A desiccant cooling system uses concentrated aqueous solution of an absorbent to reduce humidity, hence the resultant absorbent solution becomes dilute. Regeneration of the dilute solution uses solar heat, where the regeneration characteristics are affected by solution temperature, vapor pressure, water content, air-liquid flow rate, and other factors. Therefore, mutual relationship among these different factors were investigated, and an optimum operating condition was discussed. The regeneration characteristics of the absorbent is strongly affected by temperature of triethylene glycol (TEG). This is because vapor pressure, Ps, in the TEG aqueous solution increases as the TEG temperature rises. This means that preheating the solution is effective in regenerating the absorbent. As the regeneration progresses, the water content, Ww, decreases, and the regeneration rate decreases. This is because of reduction in the Ps in association with decrease in the Ww of the TEG. This suggests that it is important in the absorbent regeneration to reduce flow rate of the TEG aqueous solution as low as possible. Raised air temperature reduces difference in vapor partial pressure between the TEG and the air, resulting in reduced regeneration rate. 5 refs., 9 figs.

Fiscal 1997 report on the cooperative research on the preservation and sustainable utilization of biological diversification; Seibutsu tayosei hozen to jizokuteki riyo nado ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku (1997 nendo hokokusho)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Cooperative researches were conducted between Japan and Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia for the purpose of the technology development to make developing countries themselves preserve bioresources existing in tropical forests and use those sustainably. The research subjects for Thailand are a strategical study on eating of the primates, improvement of a microorganism culture collection system, preservation of biological diversification using an artificial ecosystem, bioresource utilization, etc. The subjects for Indonesia are a study of a microorganism culture collection system, study of plant preservation technology, study of microorganism utilization technology, study of plant utilization technology, promotion of the founding of the Indonesia tropical bioresource information center, etc. The subjects for Malaysia are biological diversification database and gene bank, assessment/monitoring of the ocean ecosystem, assessment and inventory of the ecosystem using hi-tech technology, search/separation of bioactive substances originated from microorganism/plant, etc. 26 refs., 24 figs., 81 tabs.

Fiscal 2000 business report. Technology transfer project involving environmentally-friendly coal utilization (CCT downstream sector); 2000 nendo hokokusho. Kankyochowagata sekitan riyo gijutsu iten jigyo (CCT karyu bun'ya) - 1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the clean coal technology (CCT) to be introduced into and popularized in countries in Asia and the Pacific region, Japan invited engineers from these countries and provided them with CCT-oriented education and training. The participants were backbone leaders engaged in the research and development of coal combustion technologies and facilities, in the delivery of technical guidance and education, or in the implementation of environment-related measures back in their enterprises, plants, research institutes, and the like, and they acquired leading-edge technologies, knowledge, and techniques in the field of CCT. The environment course was held in the period of October 14-29, 2000, and the combustion course in the period of November 18-December 17, 2000, and the participants totalling 38 were from China, Indonesia, Thailand, the Philippines, or Vietnam. In this fiscal year, a follow-up survey was conducted in addition to the CCT education and training, which aimed to learn the CCT popularization status in the respective countries involved. It was then found that many of the trainees assumed important positions related to CCT popularization in their countries and were dealing with CCT popularization and implementation. (NEDO)

Survey on utilization of database for research and development of global environmental industry technology; Chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu no tame no database nado no riyo ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1993-03-01

To optimize networks and database systems for promotion of the industry technology development contributing to the solution of the global environmental problem, studies are made on reusable information resource and its utilization methods. As reusable information resource, there are external database and network system for researchers` information exchange and for computer use. The external database includes commercial database and academic database. As commercial database, 6 agents and 13 service systems are selected. As academic database, there are NACSIS-IR and the database which is connected with INTERNET in the U.S. These are used in connection with the UNIX academic research network called INTERNET. For connection with INTERNET, a commercial UNIX network service called IIJ which starts service in April 1993 can be used. However, personal computer communication network is used for the time being. 6 figs., 4 tabs.

Utilization of two-way multicore cables and comparison of various electrode configurations in electrical prospecting; Denki tansa ni okeru sohokogata tashin cable no riyo to kakushu dekyoku haichi no hikaku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takakura, S [Geological Survey of Japan, Tsukuba (Japan); Matsushima, J [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1996-10-01

For more precise electrical prospecting, the new multicore cable was developed to allow high-density measurement by conventional equipment. Since conventional multicore cables are inferior in cost, length and weight, the new cable is composed of an n-conductor cable, two n-conductor male connectors and n lead wires. For connection of the multi-conductor cable and lead wires, cable sheath is peeled at n points at specific intervals. Sheath of the k-th conductor is peeled at k-th point from the terminal, and restored for insulation after connection of the conductor and lead wire. The male connectors are attached to the both ends of the multi-conductor cable. Since this two-way type cable can be used at every end, the measuring equipment can measure at one divisional point after another of a long measuring line while shifting the equipment from one point to another. All measurements are perfected only with two short cables. Resistivities were successfully measured along the long measuring line of 480m long with 97 electrodes arranged at intervals of 5m. Various electrode configurations were also compared. 1 ref., 4 figs., 2 tabs.

Research and development of system to utilize photovoltaic energy. Survey on the evaluation of photovoltaic power generation; Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system no kenkyu kaihatsu. Taiyoko hatsuden hyoka no chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

This paper reports the survey results on evaluation of PV power generation in fiscal 1994. (1) On the evaluation technique of energy pay-back time, foreign trial calculation examples by integration method were surveyed. However, there were not many study examples, and the calculation basis of input energy was also ambiguous. The calculation result by input-output analysis in Japan gave the value more than that by integration method, pointing out that indirect input energy is essential. (2) On the evaluation technique of the degree of environmental contribution, CO2 emission of the PV generation system installed on ordinary housing roofs was calculated to estimate reduction of CO2 emission and cost. As a result, PV power generation as reduction measures against CO2 brought a little cost increase. (3) On the latent scale of PV power generation, it was estimated to be nearly 191GW although under no restriction. It was a considerably large value as compared with the current power generation capacity in Japan. 4 tabs.

International Clean Energy System Using Hydrogen Conversion (WE-NET). subtask 3. Study on the global network; Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET). subtask 3. Global network kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

As a part of the WE-NET project, the introduction condition of hydrogen as substituting energy and CO2 reduction effect were analyzed using a global energy model. The WE-NET project aims at global-wide introduction of clean energy by converting abundant renewable clean energy into hydrogen transportable to distant consumers all over the world. The study result in fiscal 1996 is as follows. Undeveloped hydroelectric resources in the world are estimated to be 12 trillion kWh/y equivalent to the existing developed one in the world. Since the cost of the hydroelectric power generation projects over 1000MW in the planning stage is estimated to be 0.02-0.05$/kWh lower than that of other renewable energies, such projects are expected as energy source in the initial stage of the practical WE-NET project. The GREEN model was modified by adding a hydrogen analysis function, and extending an analysis period. The modified model allowed evaluation of the long-term important role of hydrogen energy, in particular, the capability of CO2 gas reduction all over the world. 28 refs., 92 figs., 56 tabs.

Survey report of FY 1997 on the environmentally acceptable coal utilization system feasibility survey. Dispatch of engineers; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa (senmonka haken)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The purpose of this survey is to improve the coal utilization technology and to contribute to the environmental protection. Through long-term dispatch of experts for the coal utilization technology, coal utilization facilities are surveyed at the sites, advises for coal utilization technology and environmental protection technology are given, and useful information for the cooperation with the partner country are exchanged. In this fiscal year, experts were dispatched to Thailand in addition to China, to conduct cooperative surveys, technical exchanges and seminars with both countries. Experts for desulfurization technology, circulating fluidized bed boilers, effective coal ash utilization technology, and coal preparation technology were dispatched to various places in China. Among various model projects conducted in China, examples of model projects for simplified desulfurizer introduction, circulating fluidized bed boiler introduction, and briquette production facility introduction were presented at seminars held at two cities in China. Experts for briquette production technology and circulating fluidized bed boiler technology were dispatched to Thailand, to conduct cooperative surveys and technical exchanges. 22 figs., 9 tabs.

Next-generation coal utilization technology development study. Environmentally-friendly coal combustion technology; topping cycles; Sekitan riyo jisedai gijutsu kaihatsu chosa. Kankyo chowagata sekitan nensho gijutsu bun`ya (topping nensho gijutsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

As a realistic measure to reduce environmental pollutants emitted from coal-fueled boilers, a developmental study was conducted of high-efficient combustion systems. In fiscal 1994, four types of topping cycles which are different in system structure and gasifier type were selected, and topping cycles assuming a 300MW-class power plant were trially designed. Further, an evaluation of adaptability of these systems was made, and an selection of the optimum system for the early development was made among the systems. As a result, the evaluation was obtained that `a system using air blown gasifier` is most suitable for conducting the next-stage research. In the element test on the topping combustion technology, collection was made of data of desulfurization activity, desulfurization oxidation mechanism and alkali metal behavior at the laboratory level, data of temperatures and gas concentration distribution in coal gasification, data of simulation of the gasifier reaction, and the other data. 262 figs., 66 tabs.

Report on a fiscal 1995 basic survey of the environmental engineering. Investigational survey on the improvement of the waste treatment system; 1995 nendo kankyo business no engineering ka kiso chosa hokokusho. Haikibutsu shori system no kodoka ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-05-01

The paper described the present situation of the waste treatment system for the environmental engineering and the problems. The final waste treatment plants are in the tighter and tighter condition, and therefore the waste treatment system ought to be changed to a system in which importance is placed on the size reduction, weight reduction, and recycle. Accordingly, the waste treatment system becomes more characterized as a resource feedback process, and should be given more credit as a system for production of secondary resource. The problem is arrangement of conditions of technology, cost and legislation system for smoothing such recycling flow. Of course, it is natural that the most important subject of the system is to secure the environmental preservation by the waste treatment. As future subjects, needed are understanding of the waste treatment as a resource reproductive system, relation with other industries, and review of the legislation system. In consideration of technology, cost and environmental loads, required are proposal of validity of the recycle level limit and a future image of the system structure, and policies for promoting and supporting the recycle business. 47 figs., 104 tabs.

Promotion of the formation of environmentally friendly energy community (FY 2000). Demonstration of the gas turbine repowering waste combined power generation technology; 2000 nendo kankyo chowagata energy community keisei sokushin seika hokokusho. Gas turbine repowering haikibutsu fukugo hatsuden gijutsu jissho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Demonstrative operation was conducted of the super waste power generation system in which the low temperature steam generated in waste incinerator is raised in temperature using the combustion exhaust gas emitted after the power generation using another gas turbine for conducting the steam turbine power generation with high efficiency. The FY 2000 results were summed up. In the demonstrative operation, operation and data acquisition/analysis were conducted following the previous fiscal year by 25MW class gas turbine repowering waste combined power generation facilities (Takahama power plant). Further, four years after the start of operation, the secular variation was studied by disassembly/inspection of equipment. As a result of the operation, the thermal efficiency was approximately 35%, much higher than the existing waste power generation. It was verified that the power system was maintained by the same maintenance as that of the ordinary power system. Moreover, the important point of this system is that no special corrosion resistant materials are used and that the high-efficiency waste power generation was demonstrated by combining the existing equipment. It can be said that the super waste power system has high qualities for forming energy community as a regionally dispersed stabilized power source. (NEDO)

Report on research cooperation for bio-aided treatment of waste water from pits, conducted in FY1997; 1997 nendo bio riyo ni yoru kohaisui shori gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This research cooperation promotion project was implemented to develop techniques for preventing water pollution by waste water from pits in mines in China and thereby contributing to environmental preservation by studying to select optimum bacteria, culture the bacteria for high-efficient oxidation of iron, efficiently remove heavy metals from waste water, develop waste water treatment techniques with the aid of the iron-oxidizing bacteria, suitable for the mines in China, and develop techniques for recovering useful resources. The bio-aided waste water treatment process is a suitable method for treating waste water discharged from mining pits, in which ferrous iron present in waste water is oxidized with the aid of iron-oxidizing bacteria growing with ferrous ion as the energy source into ferric iron, which is precipitated at a low pH and removed in the presence of inexpensive calcium carbonate as the neutralizer. The pilot plant has been operating smoothly in a mode to treat waste water discharged from mining pits in Wushan Mine, almost satisfying the targets of treated water properties, i.e., pH: 0.5 or less, Cu: less than 0.5, Zn: less than 2.0, Pb: less than 1.0, Cd: less than 0.1, As: less than 0.5, Mn: less than 2.0, and SS: less than 70, all in mg/L except for pH. (NEDO)

Reports on 1979 result of Sunshine Project. Investigation and research on solar energy utilization system (solar thermal power generation system); 1979 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu. Taiyoko hatsuden system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1980-03-01

In connection with the practicability of a solar thermal power generation system, examination was made on the technical economic problems and the operation method as well as on the problems of required performance of the constituent equipment, with the measuring method and performance evaluation method examined that are suitable for various devices. The items for the examination are as follows: (1) Silicon as the raw material for solar cells and its R and D, (2) Amorphous silicon solar cells, (3) R and D on low cost solar cells and array, (4) Basic design for photovoltaic generation system, and (5) Problems and technical subjects for solar cell standard measurement. The research themes and items for the above examination are listed as below: (1) Demand trend for raw material silicon, overseas trend, and development plan for polycrystalline silicon; (2) R and D plan for amorphous Si solar cell and its system, their optimum design, and their cost analysis and economic effect; (3) Technological investigation on cells and examination on array; (4) Basic design, peripheral equipment for system, and development schedule; (5) Report on the first actual state investigation concerning instrumentation of solar cells, i.e., on 'instrumentation and deviation in transformation efficiency', calibration system, problems of instrumentation of new device, problems of reliability test method, situation in various countries, and trend in atmospheric turbidimeter. (NEDO)

Leading survey and research report for fiscal 1999. Survey and research on ozone-aided technology for creating comfortable environment; 1999 nendo ozone riyo kaiteki kankyo sozo gijutsu no chosa kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Efforts are made to grasp the parts remaining technically unsolved of the ozone-aided technology for creating a comfortable environment, such as ozone-aided enhancement of the decomposition of nondegradable organic matters in the urban sewage and industrial wastewater. Efforts are also made to put in order and analyze data about the said technology, to isolate the current problems and the objects of technical deliberation for the future, and to examine the feasibility of the introduction of this technology. Case studies were conducted for a novel ozone-aided system and the effect is examined of the introduction of ozone-aided treatment into crowded towns, water supply systems, sewerage, and industries that handle paper and pulp, chemicals, electric power, and foods. Findings are mentioned below. The ozone utilizing technology when introduced improves the efficiency of water circulation, reduces pollutants at an excellent rate, suppresses the generation of carbon dioxide, and enhances safety of water resources and water environments. To realize such good results, however, it is important for the ozone to be high in concentration, for the accelerated oxidation and enhanced biofunction processes to be further studied, and for the system to be optimized. It is also found that a technology of appropriate ozone storage will help enhance cost reduction. (NEDO)

Reports on 1979 result of Sunshine Project. Investigation and research on solar energy utilization system (solar thermal power generation system); 1979 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu. Taiyoko hatsuden system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1980-03-01

In connection with the practicability of a solar thermal power generation system, examination was made on the technical economic problems and the operation method as well as on the problems of required performance of the constituent equipment, with the measuring method and performance evaluation method examined that are suitable for various devices. The items for the examination are as follows: (1) Silicon as the raw material for solar cells and its R and D, (2) Amorphous silicon solar cells, (3) R and D on low cost solar cells and array, (4) Basic design for photovoltaic generation system, and (5) Problems and technical subjects for solar cell standard measurement. The research themes and items for the above examination are listed as below: (1) Demand trend for raw material silicon, overseas trend, and development plan for polycrystalline silicon; (2) R and D plan for amorphous Si solar cell and its system, their optimum design, and their cost analysis and economic effect; (3) Technological investigation on cells and examination on array; (4) Basic design, peripheral equipment for system, and development schedule; (5) Report on the first actual state investigation concerning instrumentation of solar cells, i.e., on 'instrumentation and deviation in transformation efficiency', calibration system, problems of instrumentation of new device, problems of reliability test method, situation in various countries, and trend in atmospheric turbidimeter. (NEDO)

Research and development of system to utilize photovoltaic energy. Study on large-scale PV power supply system; Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system no kenkyu kaihatsu. Taiyo energy kyokyu system no chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

This paper reports the study results on large-scale PV power supply systems in fiscal 1994. (1) On optimization of large-scale systems, the conceptual design of the model system was carried out which supposes a large-scale integrated PV power generation system in desert area. As a result, a pair of 250kW generation system was designed as minimum one consisting power unit. Its frame and construction method were designed considering weather conditions in the inland of China. (2) On optimization of large-scale transmission systems, as large-scale power transmission systems for PV power generation, the following were studied: AC aerial transmission, DC aerial transmission, superconducting transmission, hydrogen gas pipeline, and LH2 tanker transport. (3) On the influence of large-scale systems, it was estimated that emission control is expected by substituting PV power generation for coal fired power generation, the negative influence on natural environment cannot be supposed, and the favorable economic effect is expected as influence on social environment. 4 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 survey report. Preparatory survey for a manual on the introduction of high efficiency thermal utilization systems; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Kokoritsu netsu riyo system donyu manual no sakusei choa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

To cope with the energy issue and global environmental issue, it is necessary to forcibly promote energy conservation. In the light of the present situation that in Japan only 1/3 of the primary energy consumed is effectively used, policies are being prepared for promotion of the introduction of high efficiency thermal utilization systems including `a project for formation of the environmentally friendly type energy community` promoted by NEDO. However, it is hard to say that the introduction is being actively promoted. The cause is that they do not fully understood the present status of high efficiency thermal utilization systems, procedures for introduction, subsidy system, etc. Therefore, a manual was made to present to self governments and enterprisers who are planning to introduce the system. To be concrete, there are the six systems: cogeneration use thermal supply system, unused energy use thermal supply system, heat storage use thermal supply system, waste use thermal supply system, plant surplus energy use thermal supply system, and cascade type thermal supply system. 28 refs., 38 figs., 42 tabs.

Fiscal 1995 coal production/utilization technology promotion subsidy/clean coal technology promotion business/regional model survey. Study report on `Environmental load reduction measures: feasibility study of a coal utilization eco/energy supply system` (interim report); 1995 nendo sekitan seisan riyo gijutsu shinkohi hojokin clean coal technology suishin jigyo chiiki model chosa. `Kankyo fuka teigen taisaku: sekitan riyo eko energy kyokyu system no kanosei chosa` chosa hokokusho (chukan hokoku)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

The coal utilization is expected to make substantial growth according to the long-term energy supply/demand plan. To further expand the future coal utilization, however, it is indispensable to reduce environmental loads in its total use with other energies, based on the coal use. In this survey, a regional model survey was conducted as environmental load reduction measures using highly cleaned coal which were taken in fiscal 1993 and 1994. Concretely, a model system was assumed which combined facilities for mixed combustion with coal and other energy (hull, bagasse, waste, etc.) and facilities for effective use of burned ash, and potential reduction in environmental loads of the model system was studied. The technology of mixed combustion between coal and other energy is still in a developmental stage with no novelties in the country. Therefore, the mixed combustion technology between coal and other energy is an important field which is very useful for the future energy supply/demand and environmental issues. 34 refs., 27 figs., 48 tabs.

FY 1999 report on the potential survey of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system - Dispatch of engineers. A. Project for supporting the introduction of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system (model project)/pre-survey for the potential survey; 1999 nendo kankyo chowa gata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa. Senmomka haken A. kankyo chowa gata sekitan riyo system donyu shien jigyo (model jigyo) - Kanosei chosa no jizen chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of the improvement of coal utilization technology and environmental preservation, the paper conducted the pre-survey of the introduction of coke oven gas desulfurization facilities in China and pre-survey of potentiality of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system in India. The pre-survey in China was made for Anyang Steel Group Co. Ltd. and Laiwu Steel Group Co. Ltd. to judge their adaptability as site for the demonstrative project on the introduction of coke oven gas desulfurization facilities. As a result, it was confirmed that the former satisfied the conditions on Japan side such as the space for installation and prospect for fund raising. However, the amount of COG treatment was larger than that planned at Japan side, and it was found that as to the recovered sulfur, the company wanted the solid sulfur different from the fused sulfur planned at Japan side. In the survey in India, explanations were made to India of CFBC and the fluidized bed cement sintering system, bio-briquette production facilities, facilities for environmental measures, coal reforming technology, etc. At the same time, the site survey was made to examine/analyze possibilities of spread/development of Japan's CCT. (NEDO)

International Clean Energy System Using Hydrogen Conversion (WE-NET). subtask 3. Conceptual design of the total system; Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET). subtask 3. Zentai system gainen sekkei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

This paper describes the research result on the conceptual design of the total system for the WE-NET project in 1996. Basic conditions are as follows: solid polymer water electrolysis, hydrogen combustion turbine power generation, hydrogen transport/storage through ammonia medium, power generation scale of 1000-4000MW (2-5 yen/kWh), and transport distance of 5000-20000km between supply and consumption places. The system efficiency was estimated to be 68% and 23% at an ammonia arrival time and power sending end, respectively, and it was dependent on a transport distance, while no power generation scale. The power cost was estimated to be 7 yen/Mcal and 33 yen/kWh, respectively. The system efficiency at a sending end was lower by 15% and 2% than that of the liquid hydrogen and methanol system, while the power cost was higher by 0 and 8 yen/kWh, respectively. It was necessary for loss reduction of this ammonia system to develop a new high-efficiency ammonia synthesis process, and hydrogen separation (decomposition/refining) process. 80 figs., 52 tabs.

FY 2000 report on the survey of a potentiality of the environmental harmony type coal utilization system. Dispatch of engineers; 2000 nendo kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa hokokusho. Senmonka haken

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of contributing to improvement in coal utilization technology and environmental conservation in developing countries, a survey project on the dispatch of engineers was carried out, and the FY 2000 results were summed up. The survey was conducted in terms of the operational state of the model project already finished in China, the present state of the model project on the circulating fluidized bed boiler in Indonesia, and the strategy to be worked out for spread of clean coal technology (CCT). In China, it was confirmed that 10 sites where the project had been finished are in a state of the appropriate operation. Further, problems on each model were grasped/analyzed by questionnaire survey. The model project on the circulating fluidized bed boiler in Banyuwangi, Indonesia, has been suspended about three years, affected by the serious economic crisis. Survey was made and advice was given for the state of facility/equipment maintenance so that the facility/equipment can be used at the time of resuming the project. As to the strategy to be worked out for CCT spread, questionnaire survey and hearing were carried out for Japan-side makers. Study/analysis of subjects/important points for the spread were made. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the survey of the technology trend of a future of the plant use bioindustry; 2000 nendo shokubutsu riyo bio sangyo no shoraisei ni kansuru gijutsu doko chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of studying a future of the industrial application of plant use biotechnology, survey was conducted of the trend of the present international technology, etc. As to the system of the joint research/development program in Europe, there are Framework Program (FP) by European Commission and cooperative programs (EUREKA) supported by European Commission. The total budget of Framework Program 5 (FP5) project is 14.96 billion euro, and 82 of the total 1,799 projects are related to the plant biotechnology. The largest plant biotechnology research organization is the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), and the budget of plant biotechnology is 300 million dollars. BTI, private nonprofit research organization, has been producing the results of the study of plant genes and study related to the agriculture biotechnology. In Japan, the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry is carrying out the plant factory project by Green Biology Program, targeting the industrial utilization. The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan started the 21st Century Green Frontier Research toward the post-genome. (NEDO)

Borehole geophysics for delineating the geological structure in the Sakonishi prospect, the Hida area, Japan; Hida chiiki Sako nishi chiku ni okeru boring ko riyo butsuri tansa ni yoru chishitsu kozo kaiseki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Katayama, H.; Hishida, H.; Yoshioka, K. [Metal Mining Agency of Japan, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-05-27

In order to discuss effectiveness of physical exploration in the Sakonishi prospect in the Hida area, physical exploration was carried out by utilizing bored wells. This area contains the Kamioka mine, one of the major base metal mines in Japan, where electrical exploration has been attempted several times in the past. No effective results have been obtained, however, because specific resistance contrast between mine beds and base rocks is too small, and the topography is too steep making site workability inferior. As part of the investigations on geological structures over wide areas, electrical logging (specific resistance and natural potential) was performed in fiscal 1995 and 1996 by utilizing the boreholes. Induced polarization logging was also conducted on the same boreholes. A traverse line on the ground with a length of 600 m and boreholes were used to execute specific resistance tomography. Clear extraction was possible on a fault structure which is thought related with limestone distribution and mine bed creation. However, it was not possible to identify upward continuity of zinc ores expected in the exploration. Because of not large a specific resistance contrast between zinc ores and base rocks, it is difficult to find mine bed locations only from the information on the specific resistance. 5 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab.

Fiscal 1999 survey report. Survey on use of reproducible energy in Oceania and on feasibility of future introduction; Oseania ni okeru saisei kano energy riyo jokyo to kongo no kanosei chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Survey was conducted on the actual state and the potentiality of reusable energy (RE) in the South Pacific nations. The countries to be surveyed were Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, the Fiji, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Nauru. The subject RE are photovoltaic power (PV), solar heat, wind force, biomass, hydraulic power and geotherm. The survey items were as follows; RE policy and promotion programs, technical level of makers, RE supply areas and population for independent/linking type electric power systems, population of non-electrification areas, meteorological data, foreign investment policy, feasibility for introduction if RE not yet introduced, and potential of promotion if RE already introduced. Propositions are as follows. Australia and New Zealand, having a comparatively large population and a stable government, are the two most important markets for RE technologies. The South Pacific nations have a markedly small population, providing a limited market for RE systems. Papua New Guinea, being a country possessing natural gas resources, has a chance of developing photovoltaic and fossil energy hybrid systems. The Fiji shows possibility for hydraulic, wind force and biomass power generation. (NEDO)

Next-generation coal utilization technology development study. Environmentally-friendly coal combustion technology; O2/CO2 combustion technology; Sekitan riyo jisedai gijutsu kaihatsu chosa. Kankyo chowagata sekitan nensho gijutsu (sanso nensho gijutsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

For the purpose of developing combustion systems in which environmental pollutants are less emitted from coal-fired boilers, conducted in fiscal 1994 were a study of load followability of oxygen producing equipment, and element and basic tests on oxygen combustion systems. Dynamic simulations were made to confirm load followability of low-purity oxygen producing equipment. Further, a test was made on starting time of oxygen producing equipment. As a result of the simulation, favorable load followability was confirmed except for some of the process. The width of variation of the product oxygen purity was {plus_minus} 0.7% at maximum. In the element test on oxygen combustion systems, an experiment on the oxygen combustion using pulverized coal was conducted to study heat collection characteristics of furnace and response to multi-kind of coal. A study of balance of S content, experiments on characteristics of crushing/transporting pulverized coal, etc. were added. There were seen no peculiar differences in CO2 transport and air transport. 216 figs., 31 tabs.

Fiscal 1998 research report on information structuring technology for advanced use of NEDO research reports; 1998 nendo NEDO seika hokokusho nado no kodo riyo ni hitsuyona joho kozoka gijutsu no chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Research was made on electronic NEDO research reports corresponding to the recent extending trend of Internet. The logical structure and electronic format of NEDO research reports as document were first studied considering document disclosure and reuse of technical information. HTML as electronic format for Internet is unfortunately insufficient to describe the logical structure of NEDO research reports because of HTML's restricted description. Thus, XML which is being watched because of its possible definition of original tags was studied in place of HTML. As a result, because at present preparation of standards on XML and a compatibility for implementation of standards are insufficient, it was concluded that construction of the electronic document system for NEDO research reports is still too early. However, since adoption of XML as document format is important from the viewpoint of a property succession on Internet, preparation of the XML format file of NEDO research reports is essential. (NEDO)

International Clean Energy System Using Hydrogen Conversion (WE-NET). subtask 4. Development of hydrogen production technology; Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET). subtask 4. Suiso seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

This paper describes development of hydrogen production technology as a part of the WE-NET project. For the solid polymer water electrolysis method higher in efficiency and lower in cost than the previous methods, 5 companies have developed element technologies for improving electrolysis cells and synthesis technologies of hot solid polymer electrolyte based on each proper catalyst electrode production method. In fiscal 1996, the initial study on large-scale systems by middle laboratory cells was made as well as improvement of electrolysis performance by small laboratory cells and endurance tests. Among the previous methods such as a hot press method (bonding of an ion exchange membrane to an electrode), an electroless plating method (preparation of porous surface onto a membrane electrode assembly), a zero gap method (preparation of high-efficiency high-current density cells), and a sintered porous electrode method (carrying of the mixture of catalytic powder and ion exchange resin-dissipated solution onto sintered metallic porous electrode surface), the former two methods were adopted for development of bench-scale cells as effective promising methods. 192 refs., 183 figs., 108 tabs.

Report on achievements in fiscal 1998. Development of a waste disposal and recycle related technology. (Development of a technology to dispose of air bags adequately); 1998 nendo haikibutsu shori recycle kanren gijutsu kaihatsu air bag tekisei shori gijutsu no kaihatsu nado seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-12-01

This technological development is intended to develop a process technology to dispose adequately of air bags convergently when they are removed from waste cars, with consideration paid on environmental and safety aspects. This technology that can dispose of air bags remaining as air bag modules (ABM) in large quantity and adequately can solve the problems of maloperation in opening them in cars and noise in conventional disposal methods. The recovery and disposal system using an inflator can be expected of reducing work load on dismantling contractors and enhancing the work safety. Furthermore, the energy saving process utilizing combustion of plastics can save resources. However, this technology has not elucidated how dioxins, dust, smoke, sulfides, and nitrogen oxides are generated and how the generation can be prevented. Therefore, an exhaust gas dioxin testing facility and an exhaust gas treating facility were installed additionally to the existing heating treatment facility to develop a disposal technology to treat adequately the exhaust gases generated when ABMs are disposed conveergently in large quantity, and treat the waste water discharged from the facilities. Fiscal 1998 has performed preliminary tests to accumulate fundamental data, and design and installation of the above two facilities. (NEDO)

FY 1977 Annual report on Sunshine Project results. Survey and research on systems utilizing solar energy (Photovoltaic power generation systems); 1977 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1978-03-31

This project is aimed at investigation on irradiation conditions of natural solar radiation to establish the performance evaluation methods; establishment of standard evaluation methods under natural solar radiation; and investigation on practical problems involved in the photovoltaic power generation systems. The research items are (1) photovoltaic power generation systems, and (2) standard evaluation methods for photovoltaic power generation systems installed on the ground. The item (1) includes the effect analysis in which existing Japanese residential buildings are selected to estimate possibility of installation of photovoltaic power generation systems and possible quantity of power generated; conceptual designs in which several systems conceivable at present are proposed and outlined, and a 30kW photovoltaic power generation system is taken up to investigate, e.g., solar cell arrays for the system, orthogonal conversion devices, associated facilities, conceptual designs of storage batteries, problems involved therein, and future research themes; and operation of the cell, which takes up operational examples of solar cell power sources, and operational problems viewed from the power transmission side. The item (2) proposes the standard evaluation methods (primary drafts) for the solar cell arrays and panels as those for photovoltaic power generation systems installed on the ground. (NEDO)

FY 1978 Annual report on Sunshine Project results. Survey and research on systems utilizing solar energy (Photovoltaic power generation systems); 1978 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1979-03-01

This survey report provides the basic data for planning national projects to smoothly raise the large industry of solar cell industry in the future by studying how to promote the research and development projects for this area, continuously pursued from the establishment of the Sunshine Project. This report clarifies, first of all, the concept of long-term schedules for research and development of solar thermal power generation systems, based on which technical themes are concretely surveyed, and their economic viability and ripple effects on the other industries are analyzed. The industry of solar thermal power generation systems is a new industry, even based on the global horizons, backed up by the Japan's high-technological areas of electronics and semiconductor industries. It is one of important projects to be urgently developed, also viewed from the above standpoint. This report describes the long-term visions of solar thermal power generation systems, and the research and development projects therefor; stock materials for solar cells and problems involved therein; research and development projects for low-cost solar cells; photovoltaic power generation systems, and the research and development projects therefor; conceptual designs of photovoltaic power generation systems; and standard analytical procedures for solar cells, and technical problems involved therein. (NEDO)

Reports on 1979 result of Sunshine Project. Investigation and research on solar energy utilization system (solar thermal power generation system); 1979 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Taiyonetsu hatsuden system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1980-03-01

An investigation and research were conducted on the operation method of various solar thermal power generation systems and on the evaluation of the rating and cost performance; in the environmental test method for the equipment, the examination was continued for the test method and evaluation method concerning the absorbing surface and transmitting film; in the heat storing technology, an investigative research was done on the optimum heat storing method and energy conversion method suitable for the operation of the thermal power generation system, as well as performing, as an objective, a computer simulation on the total system with the purpose of clarifying the heat storing capacity. The results in the year were as follows. The operation method for solar thermal power generation was examined, as were the energy analysis, evaluation method of 1 MW pilot plant, the optimum utilization system of solar energy in the long run including its application, and technological economical problems to be solved for the next large solar thermal power generating plant. A discussion was carried out on the endurance test of the selective absorbing surface and transmitting film and on the durability of the reflection mirror. Evaluation and examination were made on the various materials of the 1 MW pilot plant. A review was done on various heat accumulating devices for solar thermal generation, mathematical thermal characteristics of heat accumulating devices, and future energy storing methods and problems. (NEDO)

FY 1998 result report. Research/development on the energy overall development/utilization technology of gas hydrate resource; 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Gas haidoreto shigen no energy sogo kaihatsu riyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This study is aimed at studying for survey of gas hydrate (GH) deposit required for GH resource development and gathering of it, and further at studying for industrial utilization technology development of GH which is different in formation condition depending on kind of gas with which it reacts. The results of FY 1998 are as follows. In the study of the situation of existence of gas hydrate in the tundra, the sedimentary environment of the tundra where natural gas hydrate exists was simulated in laboratory to measure thermal conductivity of the sediments including GH. In this fiscal year, design/fabrication/calibration were conducted of the GH synthesizer and thermal analyzer. In the study of GH gathering technology in the tundra, a technology is discussed for recovering gas from GH layer and at the same time substituting CO2 hydrate for GH by blowing CO2 into the geologic layer. In FY 1998, formation/dissociation behaviors were first studied of methane/CO2 mixture hydrate. For the overall energy development of GH resource and promotion of R and D of the utilization technology, studies were made on physical properties of GH and development of the usage. (NEDO)

FY 1978 Annual report on Sunshine Project results. Survey and research on systems utilizing solar energy (Photovoltaic power generation systems); 1978 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Taiyoko hatsuden system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1979-03-01

This survey report provides the basic data for planning national projects to smoothly raise the large industry of solar cell industry in the future by studying how to promote the research and development projects for this area, continuously pursued from the establishment of the Sunshine Project. This report clarifies, first of all, the concept of long-term schedules for research and development of solar thermal power generation systems, based on which technical themes are concretely surveyed, and their economic viability and ripple effects on the other industries are analyzed. The industry of solar thermal power generation systems is a new industry, even based on the global horizons, backed up by the Japan's high-technological areas of electronics and semiconductor industries. It is one of important projects to be urgently developed, also viewed from the above standpoint. This report describes the long-term visions of solar thermal power generation systems, and the research and development projects therefor; stock materials for solar cells and problems involved therein; research and development projects for low-cost solar cells; photovoltaic power generation systems, and the research and development projects therefor; conceptual designs of photovoltaic power generation systems; and standard analytical procedures for solar cells, and technical problems involved therein. (NEDO)

Joint verification project on environmentally friendly coal utilization systems. Joint verification project on the water-saving coal preparation system; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kyodo jissho jigyo. Shosuigata sentan system kyodo jissho jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-09-01

In this verification project, clean technology which should be spread in China was verified and the base structure for its spread was prepared for the purpose of controlling emissions of environmental pollutants associated with the coal utilization in China and of contributing to secure energy acquisition of Japan. As joint verification projects, a general rehabilitation type coal preparation system was installed in the Wangfenggang coal preparation plant, and a central control coal preparation system was installed in the Qingtan coal preparation plant. In the former, a system is verified in which optimum operation, water-saving, high quality, and heightening of efficiency can be obtained by introducing two computing systems for operation control and quality control, various measuring instruments, and analyzers to coal preparation plants where analog operation is conducted helped by Russia and Porland and have problems about quality control. In the latter, a central control system achieving water saving is verified by introducing rapid ash meters, scales, desitometers and computers to coal preparation plants having zigzag or heavy-fluid cyclon and connecting various kinds of information through network. For fiscal 1994, investigation and study were conducted. 51 figs., 9 tabs.

Reduction of energy essential to human life by 70%. Environment-friendly residence `ED-1` utilizing the sunlight effectively; Seikatsu ni hitsuyona energy no 70% sakugen. Taiyoko riyo no kankyo kyosei jutaku ED-1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-09-01

This paper presents the environment-friendly residence `ED-1` utilizing the sunlight effectively. ED-1 of 97m{sup 2} in first floor area and 81m{sup 2} in second one has, on its roof, the photovoltaic power generation system, the solar hot water collector which supplies hot water by circulating heated antifreezing solution into a hot storage tank, and the solar hot wind collector which largely contributes to energy saving together with a hot room named an S unit on the first floor. The small S unit faced toward the south adjacent to a dining room is made of timber and thermal insulation glass. The S unit stores heat in a floor by taking the sunlight into a room in winter, while enhances a heating effect by discharging stored heat in nighttime. In some cases, duct circulation of heated wind is possible. Solar radiation of 90% can be removed by outside glass fiber screen of the S unit together with double glazing coated by special metal film. Roof material is superior in heat insulation, air tightness and energy saving, while floor material in sound insulation and heat storage. The target for reducing energy essential to human life by 70% was thus nearly achieved. 1 fig.

Fiscal 1980 Sunshine Project research report. Development of hydrothermal power plant (Development of binary cycle power plant); 1980 nendo nessui riyo hatsuden plant no kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Binary cycle hatsuden plant no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1981-03-01

This report summarizes the fiscal 1980 research result on evaluation of elementary technology studies, research on plant technologies, and assessment of profitability for development of the next 10MW class large binary cycle power plant. In evaluation of heat media and heat cycles, selection of heat media and preparation of specimens through document survey, measurement of thermal characteristics, and preparation of pressure-enthalpy charts were carried out for selection of promising media. In evaluation of materials, as the field corrosion test and simulation results on 3 kinds of welding materials, it was concluded that SUS316 is best as material. In evaluation of heat medium turbine, through the test on oil film seal and mechanical seal techniques, various information were obtained. In evaluation of mist-cooling condenser, experiment on the basic unit heat exchanger, and study on the optimum design were carried out. In addition, research on plant technologies, and assessment of profitability were conducted. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in fiscal 1984 on research and development commissioned from Sunshine Project. Studies on hydrogen manufacturing utilizing solar beam; 1984 nendo taiyoko riyo ni yoru suiso seizo no kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1985-03-01

Research and development has been performed on a technology to manufacture hydrogen effectively from water utilizing solar beam and using an organics oxidizing and reducing system as the intermediary, and its achievements in fiscal 1984 was reported. With regard to the process in hydrogen generation stage as the first step, water dissolvable rhodium complex was synthesized to improve the process having been developed in the previous fiscal year. Its photo-hydrogen generation capability was discussed. In the rhodium complex of ligand having sulfonic acid group for water solution, a system using only water as a solvent was discovered to show the photo-hydrogen generation capability equivalent to or greater than the system of organic solvent and water using non-water dissolvable rhodium complex. In the stage of reduction of oxidized type organics by water as the second step, discussions were given on photo-electrochemical behavior of iron oxide sintered electrodes. Photo-hydrogen generation was investigated by retaining the electrode potential to a potential generated by beam irradiation onto the iron oxide sintered electrodes, and using a system of water dissolvable rhodium complex and rhuthenium complex. As a result, a possibility of recycling the materials was discovered. (NEDO)

Leading research report for fiscal 1998. Research and study of ozone-aided technologies for creating amenity-rich environments; 1998 nendo sendo chosa kenkyu hokokusho. Ozon riyo kaiteki kankyo sozo gijutsu no chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Researches were conducted aiming at the establishment of an ozone-aided highly efficient decomposition process for the persistent organic matters in municipal sewage and industrial wastewater. Tested for verification were advanced water treatment technologies of the biological function acceleration type and the effect of their combination with the accelerated oxidation method, conditions necessary for efficient operation, and water treatment apparatuses and systems for operating them at high efficiency. Some findings are stated below. With an ozone-aided process performed at the first stage of biological treatment, biological decomposition is accelerated for a rise in the persistent organic matter decomposition rate. This is nothing but a finding in the laboratory, however, and much remains to be disclosed concerning the optimum conditions, reforming of sludge to be generated, volume reduction of the same, etc. Another finding involves the acceleration of decomposition of persistent organic matters using ozone in combination with hydrogen peroxide, ultraviolet radiation, titanium oxide, and the like. There still remain numerous tasks to carry out, however, which relate to the investigation of the reaction mechanism, establishment of operating conditions and criteria for selecting oxidants, etc. As for ozone, remaining to be solved are the problems of generation cost, storage and preservation, and safety. (NEDO)

Report on development of high-efficiency wastes power generation technology in fiscal 1998. 1. Development of component technology, and demonstration test of a pilot plant; 1998 nendo kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Yoso gijutsu kaihatsu (pilot plant jissho shiken) (dai 1 bunsatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

A technology is developed to perform high-efficiency power generation by generating high-temperature and high-pressure steam stably by burning general wastes and combustible industrial wastes as fuel. This paper describes summary of the achievements in fiscal 1998. Corrosion tests were performed on over-heater materials under steam condition of 500 degrees C and 100 kg/cm{sup 2} by using a hot model. It was verified by the tests that the corrosion environment around an external heat exchanger is milder than that with an external stack. A circulation fluid bed was simulated from operation data, and a prospect was obtained on steam conditions required for the high-efficiency power generation. In order to elucidate the corrosion mechanism, discussions were given on deposited ash properties, corrosion characteristics and stress. Elucidation was made on a discharge chamber structure most suitable for removing dioxins and NOx by using a waste gas treatment process that uses plasma generated by discharge. A concept design was made. The economic effect of the system is equivalent to that of the activated carbon blow-in process, whereas a waste gas treatment system was nearly completed. As a result of the pilot plant test, the power generation efficiency is estimated to be 30% in a scale of 1200 tons per 24 hours. A demonstration test revealed that dioxin emission was far below the regulation value. An optimal system was also discussed. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 regional consortium research and development project - regional new technology creation research and development. Development of bio-recycling technology for bio-wastes; 2000 nendo chiiki consortium kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo - chiiki shingijutsu soshutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Seibutsukei haikibutsu no bio recycle gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Efforts are exerted to develop a closed brewing system for 'shochu (a Japanese distilled liquor)' and vinegar and a non-combustion type thermal recycling system based on the methane fermentation of farm animal's excretion and sludge. Activities are conducted in the three fields of (1) the development of a zero emission shochu and vinegar brewing process, (2) development of a non-combustion type thermal recycling method, and (3) a commercialization plan. Studied in field (1) are the brewing of 'shochu' by a new process (kaeshi-shikomi), preparation of vinegar out of the lees of 'shochu' brewing, evaluation of the physiological activity of vinegar and 'shochu' lees, cost efficiency evaluation of zero emission 'shochu' and vinegar brewing processes, and the like. In field (2), the methane fermentation conditions for garbage, sludge, and farm animals' excretion are studied, and a non-combustion type thermal recycling process and the like are evaluated for cost efficiency. In field (3), marketability is studied for vinegar made by fermentation, actualities of the recycling of bio-wastes and energy recovery therefrom are examined, and marketability is studied for regional distributed power generation. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 regional consortium research and development project - regional new technology creation research and development. Development of bio-recycling technology for bio-wastes; 2000 nendo chiiki consortium kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo - chiiki shingijutsu soshutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Seibutsukei haikibutsu no bio recycle gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Efforts are exerted to develop a closed brewing system for 'shochu (a Japanese distilled liquor)' and vinegar and a non-combustion type thermal recycling system based on the methane fermentation of farm animal's excretion and sludge. Activities are conducted in the three fields of (1) the development of a zero emission shochu and vinegar brewing process, (2) development of a non-combustion type thermal recycling method, and (3) a commercialization plan. Studied in field (1) are the brewing of 'shochu' by a new process (kaeshi-shikomi), preparation of vinegar out of the lees of 'shochu' brewing, evaluation of the physiological activity of vinegar and 'shochu' lees, cost efficiency evaluation of zero emission 'shochu' and vinegar brewing processes, and the like. In field (2), the methane fermentation conditions for garbage, sludge, and farm animals' excretion are studied, and a non-combustion type thermal recycling process and the like are evaluated for cost efficiency. In field (3), marketability is studied for vinegar made by fermentation, actualities of the recycling of bio-wastes and energy recovery therefrom are examined, and marketability is studied for regional distributed power generation. (NEDO)

FY 1999 cooperation program - Comprehensive research cooperation in environmental technology. Research cooperation in toxic/hazardous waste management in the Laguna de Bay region; 1999 nendo kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo. Kankyo gijutsu sogo kenkyu kyoryoku - Raguna ko chiiki ni okeru yudoku yugai haikibutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of establishing preventive measures for water contamination in the Laguna de Bay region, the Philippines, where the water contamination is in progress and the eutrophication is feared, a research cooperation project was carried out on the water quality contamination monitoring technology (measuring method/analysis method/prediction method). In the survey of the state of generation of toxic/hazardous waste, the following were grasped based on the existing data: amount of use of toxic/hazardous substances in factories, state of generation of waste, situation of the processing/disposal, etc. In the detailed survey of the situation of pollution in the Laguna de Bay region, specimens of water quality and bottom material were collected from the lake and rivers thereinto, and qualitative/quantitative analysis of contaminants was made using atomic absorption spectrophotometer and gaschromatograph mass spectrometer. As to the evaluation of pollutant sources and control method, the paper conducted the introduction of measures generally taken against pollutant sources, study of a method to grasp the behavior of contaminants by the environmental assessment method for the closed water area, etc. The training was also conducted for researchers/engineers widely in charge of management of toxic/hazardous waste in the Philippines. (NEDO)

WE-NET substask 3. Conceptual design of total system (Safety measures and evaluation techniques); 1998 nendo suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET). 3. Zentai system gainen sekkei anzen taisaku hyoka gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Under the hydrogen-utilizing international clean energy system technology project WE-NET (World Energy NET Work) in fiscal 1998, researches and studies were conducted to clearly define safety designs and to improve on accident-and-safety analyses. In relation with system safety design, investigations continued into Japanese and foreign manuals and regulations about the handling of hydrogen and its peripherals, and safe design guidelines (draft) were compiled. Anomalies and accidents supposed to be typical of each of the systems concerned were investigated. As for accident-and-safety analyses, incorporation of a turbulence model was studied in relation to models representing the leak, evaporation, and diffusion of liquid hydrogen, and improvement was achieved when the scope of evaluation was enlarged concerning the hydrogen detonation model. The integration of the two models was discussed for the due evaluation of a series of processes of liquid hydrogen leak, evaporation, diffusion, and detonation. Calculation was performed for two assumed accidents, and the results were found to justify the integration of the two models. (NEDO)

Comprehensive research concerning the development of effective utilizing techniques of biological resources (large scale research out of the framework). Seibutsu shigen no koritsuteki riyo gijutsu no kaihatsu ni kansuru sogo kenkyu (ogata betsuwaku kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1991-10-25

This paper is a research report in which the cultivated production of forest resources, the development to useful substances and the systematization to take the root in a region were studied. The distribution maps of biological resources on respective woodland systems: that is, the nationwide distribution maps of the amount of resources in Japan as to the broadleaf trees in private forests and national forests, the available amount and kinds of tree were prepared. As for the establishment of cultivation technique of the super-short deforestation forest, that is, pursue of wooden growth to the maximum limit, the superior clone 26 system was selected from the willow group through the research of wooden cultivation and the clone which showed the maximum yield reached 24t/ha every year. As for the material preparation technique due to microbial enzymes, that is, the creation and breeding of fungi which have the high lignin decomposition power, a stock of fungi which has the high lignin decomposition power and the decomposition selectivity was created by the cell fusion and the UV (ultraviolet ray) radiation treatment. As for the use of effective components in wooden resources, many useful characteristics could be detected by applying the boiling, bursting and ozone treatment. As for the mushroom cultivation through the application of unused tree kinds, a new kind of mushroom for food service was selected to clarify the possibility of fruit body formation. The development of a new material from conifers is promising. 1 tab.

FY 1998 annual report on the survey on development, introduction and promotion of urban type multipurpose geothermal utilization techniques; 1998 nendo toshigata tamokuteki chinetsu riyo gijutsu no kaihatsu, donyu, sokushin ni kansuru chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Introduction of geothermal heat pump systems, which depend on temperature differential, is investigated for urban areas, which have large energy demands. Results of the surveys on the current situations of geothermal heat pump (GHP) systems indicate that they have already numbered 300,000 units in USA and totaled more than 50,000 units in Switzerland and Northern European countries, and that they are increasing at an annual rate of higher than 10%. The results also indicate that introduction of these systems are well feasible in Japan, which generally has better topographical conditions than American and European countries, and the GHP system with vertical ground heat exchanger is investigated for its topographical and environmental considerations. These systems could annually abate approximately 52 million tons of CO2 (4.3% decrease), if disseminated to all households. They are also expected to help control the heat island phenomenon, and reduce peak power consumption. The technological problems to be solved before these systems are massively disseminated including development of small scale drilling rigs and preparation of drilling manuals. System standardization and introduction of subsidy systems are also needed to massively disseminate these systems. (NEDO)

Report on a survey in fiscal 1999. Survey on industrial utilization of microorganism reaction mechanisms under anaerobic condition; 1999 nendo kenki jokenka ni okeru biseibutsu hanno kiko no kogyoteki riyo ni kansuru chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Industrial utilization of reaction mechanisms of microorganisms under anaerobic condition permits structuring energy saving type production processes. The present survey has investigated features of new microorganisms under anaerobic condition and the status of researches thereon inside and outside the country, and discussed their future applications. Chapter 1 compares anaerobic microorganisms and functions of microorganism under anaerobic condition with those aerobic to describe their general features, and describes the purpose of this survey and the summary of the investigations. Chapter 2 surveys the current status of technologies to utilize microorganisms under anaerobic condition. Chapter 3 outlines metabolic characteristics of the anaerobic microorganisms, and extracts functions effective for material production by different anaerobic microorganisms to describe their applicability. Chapter 4 evaluates the system classification for the anaerobic microorganisms utilizing the basic arrangement of 16S rRNA genes, and extracts technical problems therein. Chapter 5 proposes structuring a total methane fermentation system including a raw material collecting process, and enhancing alcohol productivity of Zymomonas bacteria. (NEDO)

FY 1999 research cooperation project - the research cooperation on the protection of biodiversity and sustainable use, etc. Follow-up; 1999 nendo seibutsu tayosei hozen to jizokuteki riyo nado ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku. Follow up

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The follow-up for the research cooperation for Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand was conducted to make it possible that developing countries themselves protect biological resources in the tropical area, etc. and make the sustainable use of biological resources using bio-technology. In Indonesia, the follow-up was to be made for proceeding with the joint study for 'The study on the plant utilization technology - search for useful plant ingredients' reported by Professor Koshimizu, Kinki University. In Malaysia, considering that equipment is enough installed there and research leaders are very excellent, it is considered that the country is suitable for the partner of future joint research on microorganisms with Japan. Moreover, the merit in joint study is the cooperation in study of information system and culture collection. In Thailand, Japan told them that the study theme has to be made smaller toward the culture collection rich in content and the search for useful plants/bacteria. (NEDO)

Research and development of basic technologies for the next generation industries, 'recombinant DNA utilizing technology'. Evaluation on the research and development; Jisedai sangyo kiban gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu 'kumikae DNA riyo gijutsu'. Kenkyu kaihatsu hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1991-03-01

Research, development and evaluation were performed with an objective of establishing the basic technology related to the recombinant DNA utilizing technology to create new microorganisms for processes in the chemical industry. The major achievements of the present research and development include establishment of the P450 gene manifestation system attributed from microsomes and mitochondria, and the success of the world's first simultaneous manifestation of P450 and reduction enzyme. Furthermore, the fused enzyme combining P450 and the reduction enzyme genetically was successfully manufactured ahead of the other countries, opening the way to industrializing the recombinant enzymes for use in bio-processes in the chemical industry. In creating a high-efficiency secretion recombinant bacillus subtilis stock, a bacillus subtilis host whose protease activity has been noticeably decreased was created. As an achievement of the research on the 'basic recombinant DNA technology', high-efficiency manifestation vector of medium level thermophile was created, and its usefulness was demonstrated. In addition, a host and vector system for high level thermophile was developed for the first time in the world. These achievements have opened the way to industrial utilization of the thermophilic bacteria. (NEDO)

FY 1999 research cooperation project - the research cooperation on the protection of biodiversity and sustainable use, etc. Follow-up; 1999 nendo seibutsu tayosei hozen to jizokuteki riyo nado ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku. Follow up

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The follow-up for the research cooperation for Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand was conducted to make it possible that developing countries themselves protect biological resources in the tropical area, etc. and make the sustainable use of biological resources using bio-technology. In Indonesia, the follow-up was to be made for proceeding with the joint study for 'The study on the plant utilization technology - search for useful plant ingredients' reported by Professor Koshimizu, Kinki University. In Malaysia, considering that equipment is enough installed there and research leaders are very excellent, it is considered that the country is suitable for the partner of future joint research on microorganisms with Japan. Moreover, the merit in joint study is the cooperation in study of information system and culture collection. In Thailand, Japan told them that the study theme has to be made smaller toward the culture collection rich in content and the search for useful plants/bacteria. (NEDO)

Effects on annual cost of solar/air-heat utilization system of carbon tax and interest rate for a residential house; Jutakuyo taiyo/taikinetsu riyo system no nenkan keihi ni oyobosu tansozei kinri no eikyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shen, Q; Kenmoku, Y; Sakakibara, T [Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi (Japan); Nakagawa, S [Maizuru National College of Technology, Kyoto (Japan); Kawamoto, T [Shizuoka University, Shizuoka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1996-10-27

In recent years, a system has been proposed that utilizes river heat, air-heat, exhaust heat from a cooler, etc., in addition to natural energy for the heat pump. With the introduction of such system, the amount of energy used and that of CO2 exhaust will be greatly reduced, but annual expenses will be increased as it stands. In order to improve the cost efficiency of the system, a proposal has been made for the introduction of an economic policy such as the carbon tax and a low interest financing system. With these matters in the background, the subject study predicts the production of solar cells in the future and, on the basis of this production, determines the price, conversion efficiency and equipment energy of solar cells in the future. Using these values and taking into consideration the introduction of the carbon tax and the low interest financing system, the optimum area was determined for solar cells and heat concentrators in a future residential solar/air-heat energy system. The carbon tax, being imposed on all CO2 discharges, had a large effect. Moreover, as the tax increased, annual expenses decreased for the solar/air-heat system. 3 refs., 6 figs.

Achievement report on research and development (1st phase) of direct iron making by use of high-temperature; Koon kangen gas riyo ni yoru chokusetsu seitetsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (daiikki) ni kansuru hyoka hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1981-02-01

Efforts are put into the study of direct iron making for use in a closed system where heat energy from a multi-purpose high-temperature gas furnace expected to be developed in the near future will be utilized for iron making. The researches, carried out for the establishment of technologies necessary for designing, building, and operating a pilot plant dimensionally suitable for connection to a 50MWt multi-purpose high-temperature gas furnace, cover the plant total system, a high-temperature heat exchanger, ultrahigh-temperature alloys, high-temperature insulating materials, a reduced gas generating unit, and a reduced iron making unit. When the effort is evaluated as a whole, it is found that the newly developed system is effective in preventing pollution, emitting but 0.1Nm{sup 3} of SOx per 1 ton of crude iron against the 0.4-0.9Nm{sup 3} emitted by a blast furnace/converter iron making mill. It is also found effective in reducing fossil fuel dependence and in enhancing energy source diversification. When it comes to energy conversion efficiency, furthermore, it is shown that the new system achieves a rate of 60% or more while only approximately 30% is attained by light water reactor power generation and approximately 40% by a high-temperature gas furnace. (NEDO)

FY1998 research report on the basic research on geothermal district heating in Kamchatka, Russia; 1998 nendo Roshia Renpo Kamchatka shu ni okeru chinetsu riyo ni yoru chiiki danbo ni kansuru kiso chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-05-01

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatky (P-K) city in Kamchatka, Russia is operating hot-water district heating using heavy oil boilers and waste hot water of thermal power plants as heat sources. Feasibility study was made on district heating using natural geothermal hot water and/or geothermal heat pump systems as heat sources of hot water supply for reduction of greenhouse effect gas emission. Among 3 areas including geothermal hot water, use of hot water in K area was impossible because of lower temperature and less spring water. Use of hot water in P and UP areas was impossible as primary hot water because of temperature drop to 64 degrees C during hot water supply toward P-K city. The building heating operation test was carried out using the geothermal heat pump system installed in a newly drilled heat exchange well of 100m deep. As a result, sufficient heat recovery was achieved for heating. If all of 49 boiler houses for heating are replaced with such geothermal heat pump systems, CO{sub 2} reduction was estimated to be 520,000t/y. (NEDO)

Worldwide clean energy system technology using hydrogen (WE-NET). Interim report of the research and development in Phase 1; Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET). Daiikki kenkyu kaihatsu chukan seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-01-01

Large scale and effective utilization of renewable energy including hydroelectric power, photovoltaic power, and wind power which are abundant on the earth can contribute to the solution of global environmental issues as well as the release of energy demand and supply. Hydrogen can be produced from the renewable energy, and is converted, transferred and stored if necessary. Such hydrogen can be used in various fields for power generation, fuel for transport, and city gas. In order to establish the technology by which worldwide energy network can be introduced for wide range of fields, conceptual design of a total system has been conducted, and elemental core technologies have been developed. Conceptual design of a practical scale system (total system) including a wide range from production of hydrogen to its utilization has been conducted, and its constitution has been illustrated. In addition, the energy balance and cost of hydrogen have been calculated and analyzed as a trial. Hydrogen production technology, transport and storage technology, and hydrogen utilization technology are introduced as individual elemental technologies. Research results of innovative and leading technologies obtained in FY 1996 are reviewed. 80 figs., 56 tabs.

Report on the finally obtained results of the study of the basement technology for environmentally friendly type metal base material regenerative utilization; Kankyo chowagata kinzokukei sozai kaisei riyo kiban gijutsu no kenkyu saishu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-07-01

For the purpose of contributing to the resource recycling and global environmental preservation, the R and D of metal base scrap regenerative utilization technology were conducted, and the report on the finally obtained results was summed up. As to the technology to remove impurities by the solid phase treatment, the Cu removal rate of more than 96% was made possible by the low temperature fracturing technology, and that of more than 90% by the hue difference discrimination separation system technology. From the results of the FS on the low temperature fracturing technology applied to car scraps, it was found out that the present price condition is not economically efficient in the present price condition, but a possibility of achieving the removal rate of 54% in the initial plan was obtained if applying the hue difference discrimination separation system to the pretreatment. Concerning the Sn removal, the Sn removal rate of more than 70% was obtained by the gaseous phase sulfuration method, and that of more than 50% was obtained in Sn removal/Cu removal/Zn removal by the oxidation reaction method. The targets were achieved. Relating to the treatment of impurities by melting (liquid phase), the Cu removal/Sn removal technology under reduced pressure was effective in vacuum melting furnace of 2-ton scale, but the needs for the development of large capacity plasma torch were recognized in that of 40-ton scale for practical use. (NEDO)

FY 1977 Annual report on Sunshine Project results. Survey and research on systems utilizing solar energy (Solar thermal power generation systems); 1977 nendo taiyo energy riyo system chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho. Taiyo netsu hatsuden system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1978-03-31

This project is aimed at surveys and researches on operation, economic efficiency and performance evaluation of solar thermal power generation systems, and test methods, e.g., for aging the materials for their devices, in order to establish the methods for evaluating their performance. For operation of solar thermal power generation systems, a feasible system is a hybrid with another system, e.g., thermal power or nuclear system. For economic efficiency, heat-storage capacity will be based on power generation for around 4 hours a day for a solar system to be installed in Japan. The construction and light/heat-collecting costs should be reduced to around 300,000 yen/kW and 13,000 to 21,000 yen/m{sup 2}, respectively, in order to keep the power generation cost at around 23 yen/kWH. The energy analysis of solar thermal power generation, based on the data given by the industrial correlation tables, indicates that the total energy required for construction of the system can be recovered in 2 to 3 years. Also outlined are construction of a 1MW pilot plant and its facilities, and designs of the pilot plants with a curved surface or tower type light collector. A total of 12 types of reflection mirrors are screened for establishing the air-exposure testing methods. Methods for treating back surface edges of the reflection mirrors are also investigated. (NEDO)

Use of chemically treated carbon dioxide. ; Separation, recovery and fixation of carbon dioxide from large scale origination. Nisanka tanso no kagaku teki shori riyo; Nisanka tanso no daikibo hasseigen kara no bunri kaishu to koteika

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saito, M. (National Research Inst. for Pollution and Resources, Tsukuba (Japan))

1991-02-15

Tehcnology for separation, recovery and fixation of CO {sub 2} was stated. In an absorption method used as a separating recovery method, CO {sub 2} in the waste gas is absorbed into a solution such as amine, heated and recovered. In an adsorption method, the CO {sub 2} is adsorbed by adsorbent such as zeolite, and recovered either by reduction of pressure or by heating. In a distillation method, the CO {sub 2} is distilled under low temperature and high pressure. In a membrane separation method, the difference of the membrane transmisison speed is used. In a fixation technology, the CO {sub 2} disposed into the ocean is liquefied by compression and forced into the deep sea through pipings. The liquid CO {sub 2} has greater density than water under 200 to 300 atmospheric pressure and clathrate is produced over the interface between the sea water and the liquid CO {sub 2} but the influence on the environment should be evaluated. As a means of recycling, synthesis of methanol or hydrocarbon with hydrogen contacting can be considered, and if such synthesis is used, fossil fuel can be reduced. As the source of the hydrogen, a method for combining the electrolysis of water and energy such as the sun and hydraulic power which do not generate CO {sub 2}. 16 refs., 3 figs.

Fiscal 1998 intellectual infrastructure project utilizing civil sector functions. Development of systems for marine organism resources classification and utilization (Achievement report); 1998 nendo kaiyo seibutsu nado shigen no bunrui riyo system no kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Genetic resources and databases involving microbes and the like were conserved and amplified for the reinforcement of biotechnology industries. In the maintenance of marine microalga culture collection, 16S rDNA sequences were determined for 120 strains of Cyanophyceae isolated by Marine Biotechnology Institute Co., Ltd., and databases were prepared containing the results of molecule classification, history of each strain, and pictures obtained using optical microscopes. In the maintenance of marine bacterium culture collection, methods for identifying by molecule classification bacteria separated from the sea were simplified and unified, and genera were identified for 776 strains. In the development of systems for classifying and conserving subtropical microbial resources, base sequences were analyzed for 14 strains of six kinds of microbes such as Aspergillus awamori conserved at Institute of Applied Microbiology of University of Tokyo. Other efforts included the enrichment of marine microalga collections, construction of an embryo bank system, advanced classification of microbes, and development of a DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) analyzing system. (NEDO)

Catalytic technology in the energy/environment field. Utilization of catalyst in coal pyrolysis and gasification processes; Energy kankyo bun`ya ni okeru shokubai gijutsu. Sekitan no netsubunkai oyobi gas ka ni okeru shokubai no riyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Otsuka, Y. [Tohoku University, Institute for Chemical Reaction Science (Japan)

1998-05-20

This review article focuses on the utilization of several catalysts during coal pyrolysis and gasification. In situ or off line catalytic upgrading of volatile matters during pyrolysis of low rank coals is carried out in pressurized H2 with different reactors to produce BTX (benzene, toluene and xylene). When NiSO4 and Ni(OH)2 are used in the hydropyrolysis of Australian brown coal using an entrained bed reactor with two separated reaction zones, BTX yield reaches 18-23%. MS-13X zeolite and USY zeolite mixed with Al2O3 are effective for producing BTX with powder-particle fluidized bed and two-stage reactors, respectively. Catalytic gasification is described from a standpoint of direct production of SNG(CH4) from coal and steam. When K2CO3 and Ni are compared for this purpose, Ni catalyst is more suitable at low temperatures of 500-600degC, where CH4 formation is thermodynamically favorable. Fe and Ca catalysts can successfully be prepared from inexpensive raw materials and are rather active for steam gasification at {>=}700degC. The use of upgrading and gasification catalysts is discussed in terms of preparation, performance, life and recovery. 27 refs., 6 figs., 2 tabs.

Worldwide clean energy system technology using hydrogen (WE-NET). subtask 9. Investigation of innovative and leading technologies; Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET). subtask 9. Kakushinteki sendoteki gijutsu ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The WE-NET Project is a long-term project designed to ensure that an energy network technology using hydrogen becomes a reality not later than 2020. So the project cannot remain effective unless constant efforts are made to foresee future trends of technology and optimize it as the making of entire system for the project. In this project, new technologies which are not up for development are also investigated. Their feasibility should be studied, if necessary. From the foregoing point of view, new technologies are studied, collected and evaluated. Thus, useful suggestions and proposals may be made as to the course for the project to follow, as well as its research and development. Proposals highly evaluated up to FY 1995 are the hydrogen-oxygen internal-combustion Stirling`s engine, hydrogen production by solid oxide electrolysis, magnetic refrigeration technology for liquefaction of hydrogen, solar thermal hydrogen production with iron sponge technology, and hydrogen producing technology with photocatalyst. Conceptual investigation themes in FY 1996 are the hydrogen internal-combustion Stirling engine, solar thermal hydrogen production, phototransformation process, and high-temperature steam electrolysis. 9 figs., 54 tabs.

Achievement report for fiscal 1984 on Sunshine Program. Research on coal liquefaction reaction and the reforming and utilization of products; 1984 nendo sekitan no ekika hanno to seiseibutsu no kaishitsu riyo no kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1985-03-01

Upon the development into a single law of the three liquefaction related laws, studies are started on coal liquefaction reaction and the reforming and utilization of the products. In the research on coal liquefaction reaction, the solvent ratio, change in reaction time, and change in liquefaction product constitution in case of repeated circulation of the solvent are tracked, and their relations with the liquefaction rate and yield are studied, these efforts involving the Taiheiyo coal, Yallourn coal, and the Miike coal. The Taiheiyo coal is subjected to a short-duration liquefaction reaction test. In the research on product reforming, the medium-gravity fraction from coal liquefaction is subjected to hydrogenation, and the effect of the reaction conditions on the properties and constitution of the thus-treated oil are studied. An SRC (solvent refined coal) solution of the Taiheiyo coal is subjected to hydrogenation in the presence of a Ni-Mo catalyst, and the SRC cracking rate and product properties are compared with those obtained from another solution treated with a Co-Mo catalyst. In the research on product utilization, the medium-gravity fraction from coal liquefaction is subjected to hydrogenation under three sets of different reaction conditions in the presence of a Ni-Mo/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} based catalyst. In this process, specimens are prepared by mixing the original oil, its hydrogenated product, and a petroleum-based light oil, and a study is made about the usability of the specimens and their mixtures with petroleum-based heater oil as light oil or heater oil. (NEDO)

FY 1995 report on verification of geothermal exploration technology. Development of fracture reservoir exploration technology (development of seismic exploration); 1995 nendo chinetsu tansa gijutsunado kensho chosa. Danretsugata choryuso tansaho kaihatsu (danseiha riyo tansaho kaihatsu) hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

This report provides the development of new exploration technology using elastic waves, such as reflection seismic survey, VSP, and seismic tomography, for precisely characterizing subsurface fractures in geothermal reservoirs. In order to investigate and improve the effective data acquisition and analysis methods for detecting a fault type of fractures, an experiment of a seismic tomography method was conducted using wells drilled in the Ogiri geothermal field, Aira-gun, Kagoshima Prefecture. An experiment of propagation characteristics of piezo type underground seismic source in the volcanic field was also conducted as a trend survey of underground seismic sources. The fracture type in the model field was systematically analyzed by measuring the core samples obtained in the demonstration test field through remanence measurement, fluid inclusion measurement, and zircon measurement using test equipment, and by analyzing results obtained from cores and results of seismic tomography obtained from the wells. Based on these results, the effectiveness and practical application of exploration methods using elastic waves were investigated. 80 refs., 250 figs., 49 tabs.

Environment-friendly type energy and coordinated community development project. Feasibility study for industrialization of high efficiency waste-fired power generation system (industrial refuse derived fuel and gas turbine combined type); Kankyo chowagata energy community keisei sokushin. Kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden (sangyo RDF GT fukugogata) jigyoka FS chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

High efficiency power generation, which is useful for promoting the environment-friendly type energy and coordinated community, is investigated by combining a steam turbine power generation system using the PS-RDF (paper sludge-refuse derived fuel) and a gas turbine (GT) combined cycle. Industrialization plan for processing PS in low cost has been made to ensure the profitability by participating the wholesale power supply under the law of electric power industry. This combined system is similar to the so-called super power generation using municipal garbage, but the lower temperature of steam from GT waste heat boilers (WHB) is super-heated by the flue gas from RDF boiler, which is called advanced power generation system (A.S.S.). The total power generation capacity is 149,000 kW, which consists of three 35,000 kW units of GT and one 44,000 kW unit of steam turbine. When comparing the combined system (A.S.S.) and usual one with the independent installation of the RDF steam power generation system and a GT combined cycle, the A.S.S. provides the repowering efficiency of 7,600 kW output with exactly the same quantity of fuel input as usual one. 71 figs., 31 tabs.

Report on evaluation of research and development of direct steel-making using high-temperature reducing gas. Phase 1. Draft; Koon kangen gas riyo ni yoru chokusetsu seitetsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (daiikki) ni kansuru hyoka hokokusho (an)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1981-01-01

Described herein is development of direct steel-making using high-temperature reducing gas. A light hydrocarbon fraction (boiling point: 230 degrees C or lower), produced by steam cracking of vacuum residua, is reformed into a reducing gas in the presence of steam, using heat to be supplied by a nuclear plant which produces high-temperature gases for various purposes. This reducing gas is then supplied to a plant for producing reduced iron. This project has established basic techniques for designing, constructing and operating a direct steel-making pilot plant, to be connected to a 50 MWt high-temperature gas test furnace. The closed iron-making system and greatly reduced SOx emissions to several fractions of the current level are some of the expected effects. The environmental impacts of the high-temperature gas furnace will be on a level with those associated with a light-water reactor. Cracking and gasification of vacuum residua, which has found limited purposes so far, should expand its applicable areas and reduce dependence on fossil resources, leading to diversification of energy sources. The overall thermal efficiency of the high-temperature gas furnace is expected to increase to at least 60%, because its high-temperature gases of around 1,000 degrees C can be used for heating processes, and the waste heat can be further used for generation of steam for power production. (NEDO)

Hydrogen energy technology development conference. From production of hydrogen to application of utilization technologies and metal hydrides, and examples; Suiso energy gijutsu kaihatsu kaigi. Suiso no seizo kara riyo gijutsu kinzoku suisokabutsu no oyo to jirei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1984-02-14

The hydrogen energy technology development conference was held on February 14 to 17, 1984 in Tokyo. For hydrogen energy systems and production of hydrogen from water, 6 papers were presented for, e.g., the future of hydrogen energy, current state and future of hydrogen production processes, and current state of thermochemical hydrogen technology development. For hydrogen production, 6 papers were presented for, e.g., production of hydrogen from steel mill gas, coal and methanol. For metal hydrides and their applications, 6 papers were presented for, e.g., current state of development of hydrogen-occluding alloy materials, analysis of heat transfer in metal hydride layers modified with an organic compound and its simulation, and development of a large-size hydrogen storage system for industrial purposes. For hydrogen utilization technologies, 8 papers were presented for, e.g., combustion technologies, engines incorporating metal hydrides, safety of metal hydrides, hydrogen embrittlement of system materials, development trends of phosphate type fuel cells, and alkali and other low-temperature type fuel cells. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 feasibility research on environmentally friendly coal utilization system. Seminar holding project (China: Zaozhuang, Yanshan, Jianshan, Jinzhou); 2000 nendo kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa hokokusho. Seminar kaisai jigyo (Chugoku Zhaozhuang, Yanshan, Jianshan, Jinzhou)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Seminars were held in China for the delivery of reports on the results of model projects with a view to popularizing the results of the clean coal technology model projects, which had been completed, for the purpose of contributing to the improvement on coal utilization technology and to the enhancement of environmental protection. The seminars took place at the sites of demonstration model projects just completed in China, namely, Zhejiang Huba Corporation (low-grade coal combustion system); Chaili Colliery, Zaozhuang Coal Mining Administration (CFBC - circulating fluidized bed combustion); Jinzhou Heat Power General Co., Ltd. (CFBC); and Beijing Yanshan Petrochemical Corporation (desulfurizing agent-added coal-water mixture system). At each of the project implementation sites, lectures were given on technical matters, technical know-how was exchanged, and study tours were organized to facilities concerned, which meant to promote the diffusion of the related technologies throughout China and, eventually, to contribute to the enhancement of environmental protection. The main subjects at the seminars included the introduction of GAP (green aid plan) projects in China, introduction of the outlines of technologies related to the model projects, verification and achievements, latest trends, and measures for the diffusion of the technologies. Study tours were made, and videos were shown relating to the local conditions. Every one of the seminars was successfully attended by 60-70 participants. (NEDO)

Survey and study report for fiscal 1998 on the development of industrial utilization of a biofilm forming mechanism and inhibitors; 1998 nendo bio film keisei kiko oyobi sogai busshitsu no sangyoteki riyo kaihatsu chosa kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The present study is intended to search for living organism deposition inhibiting active materials from the natural environment. Investigation on process of pollution in ocean reveals that adsorption of organic matters called conditioning occurs quickly on the surface, and the surface is covered by biofilms because of presence of bacteria and diatom in the surroundings. After the biofilms are formed, pollution occurs from living organisms, such as acorn barnacles. If the formation of the biofilms being the initial stage of living organism pollution in ocean can be controlled, deposition of large living organisms that follows the biofilm formation was anticipated to be controlled. Searches were made using this possibility as a parameter. The evaluation used a method to measure the antifungal properties specific to the bacteria. As a result of having made searches using this evaluation system, pyridylnitroalkanes were obtained. As compounds like phenethyl amines deeply involving in the deposition phenomenon were obtained, compounds having stronger activity were acquired by synthesizing the derivatives thereof. (NEDO)

Report on the achievements in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1986. Studies on coal liquefying reactions, and product reforming and utilization; 1981 nendo sekitan no ekika hanno to seiseibutsu no kaishitsu riyo no kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

The study items for the current fiscal year are as follows: (1) fundamental studies on coal liquefying reactions, (2) studies on product reforming, and (3) studies on product utilization. In Item 1, investigations were given on effects of hydrogenation treatment for a heavy circulation solvent in the coal liquefying reactions imposed on yield and nature of the product oil. Liquefying reactions were carried out under the presence of various heavy solvents having different hydrogen donating performances, or iron-based and oil soluble solvents. Liquefaction rates, yields and natures of different products were analyzed to discuss the degree of hydrogen donating performance of the solvents, the using conditions for the catalysts in the primary liquefying reaction, and the reaction conditions to enhance the product oil yield. In Item 2, hydrogenation treatment was given on the heavy oil fraction of the product oil obtained from the liquefying reaction using a heavy circulating solvent. The result was compared with the result on the medium oil fraction. Light oil fraction obtained from brown coal liquefaction was reformed to manufacture the reformed oil for engine tests. In Item 3, nature analysis and combustion tests were performed on the light oil fraction of the liquefied oil using brown coal as the material, and on the hydrogenated oil as a diesel engine fuel. The reforming effects were discussed from the amount and nature of the exhaust gas. (NEDO)

Simulation study on reduction of peak power demand and energy consumption in residential houses with solar thermal and PV systems; Taiyo energy riyo jutaku no fuka heijunka oyobi energy sakugen koka no simulation ni yoru kento

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Endo, T. [Yokohama City Office, Yokohama (Japan); Udagawa, M. [Kogakuin Univ., Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1995-11-20

In this study, taking the all factors involved in the energy consumption in residential houses as subjects, the effectiveness of the solar PV system and solar thermal utilizing system in residential houses has been studied by simulating a model residential house considering the improvement of the residual environment in the future. Therefore, a model residual house is assumed, 18 kinds of combinations of construction style, cooling and heating type and solar energy utilizing form are assumed and year round simulation is carried out. The conclusions obtained by the simulation are as follows. The energy consumption in residential houses may decrease greatly by using a solar hot water supplying system. If combined with a solar PV system, the energy consumption in one year is about 8.7 to 9.7 MWh. The combined use of a solar thermal utilizing system and a PV system is more effective to reduce the second-time energy in comparison with the PV system only. 36% of the space heating energy consumption may be decreased by using the solar space heating system, but the decrease effect of the energy consumption of the solar space heating system is smaller than the solar hot water supplying system. 12 refs., 26 figs., 3 tabs.

Research cooperation project in fiscal 1999. Research cooperation on a technology to treat well waste water by utilizing biomass (follow-up); 1999 nendo bio riyo ni yoru kohaisui shori gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku (follow up)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The research cooperation project on a technology to treat well waste water by utilizing biomass has used as the object the well waste water from the north mine in the Wu Shan mine in Jiangxi Province. The research included surveys on properties of the well waste water from the subject mine by means of the site survey, discussions on treatment conditions based on studies in Japan, and discussions on factors for designing a full size facility as a result of pilot plant operation research. The Japanese side has transported to Beijing the bench-scale testing equipment used for the studies in Japan (an oxidation and neutralization testing equipment and a copper recovery testing equipment). In the present follow-up project, supports were provided to the research and development activities performed voluntarily by the Chinese side by using the above bench-scale testing equipment through guiding the tests at the site and supplying consumables. Certain bacteria have capability to oxidize ferrous ions in the mine well waste water into ferric ions. Utilizing these bacteria results in sedimentation of iron oxides in lower pH zones than in the conventional method, making removal of heavy metals from the well waste water possible. As a result, such effects may be expected as reduction in chemical cost, and reduction of quantity of the produced sediments. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the leading research and development of the carburetion technology using sensible heat of coke oven gas; 2000 nendo seika hokokusho. Kokusuro gas kennetsu riyo zonetsu gijutsu sendo kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of recovering sensible heat of coke oven gas (COG), the paper conducted a potential study of 'the carburetion technology using COG sensible heat,' of which the basic design is to give the endothermic catalyst reforming hydrogen production reaction directly to the components mainly including methane, and the R and D for establishing it as an industrial technology. In the R and D, the optimum process was studied in terms mainly of the dry pretreatment technology and the catalyst reformation reaction of hydrocarbons such as methane. As a result, the inhibition of the progress of the reforming reaction, which was a difficult problem at first because of the catalyst poison of associated components, could be avoided by making conditions for development/reaction of solid solution appropriate. Further, as to the associated coal tar which was regarded as carbon deposition source, a possibility of the process for converting it into the light chemical energy was recognized. Further, in FY 2000, survey was made on the solid electrolyte oxygen separation technology to which attention was paid as a chemical energy conversion technology for heat energy and which is closely related also to the energy structure of iron making plant. (NEDO)

FY1998 report on a survey related to joint utilization of welfare device development data using an international network; 1998 nendo kokusai network ni yoru fukushi kiki kaihatsu data no kyodo riyo ni kansuru chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

A survey was made in relation with joint utilization of welfare device development data using an international network. Developing welfare devices requires data from ergonomic and medical systems, while the cope of the objects is wide, and the kinds are various. For proliferation of welfare devices, system compatibility evaluation including that on using environment is important, including living environments that are different by countries. The present survey has identified how data for aged, handicapped and help-needing persons are accumulated and utilized in research organizations in America and Europe for both of the ergonomic and medical areas. The survey also investigated major academic societies in overseas countries, and collected database and academic network information that support the advanced research and development. At the same time, investigations were also made on organizations and corporations who are moving forward the efficient data utilization. Welfare device and service information providing systems in Japan were investigated to compare them with the trends in other countries. Conceptions and methods were compiled to utilize data internationally and jointly. Database models for device development were considered, and a proposal was made on structuring a research and development supporting database, and the operation method thereof. (NEDO)

Hybrid utilization of solar energy. Part 2. Performance analyses of heating system with air hybrid collector; Taiyo energy no hybrid riyo ni kansuru kenkyu. 2. Kuki shunetsu hybrid collector wo mochiita danbo system no seino hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yoshinaga, M; Okumiya, M [Nagoya University, Nagoya (Japan)

1996-10-27

For the effective utilization of solar energy at houses, a heating system using an air hybrid collector (capable of simultaneously performing heat collection and photovoltaic power generation). As the specimen house, a wooden house of a total floor area of 120m{sup 2} was simulated. Collected air is fanned into a crushed stone heat accumulator (capable of storing one day`s collection) or into a living room. The output of solar cell arrays is put into a heat pump (capable of handling a maximum hourly load of 36,327kJ/h) via an inverter so as to drive the fan (corresponding to average insolation on the heat collecting plate of 10.7MJ/hm{sup 2} and heat collecting efficiency of 40%), and shortage in power if any is supplied from the system interconnection. A hybrid collector, as compared with the conventional air collector, is lower in thermal efficiency but the merit that it exhibits with respect to power generation is far greater than what is needed to counterbalance the demerit. When the hybrid system is in heating operation, there is an ideal heat cycle of collection, accumulation, and radiation when the load is light, but the balance between accumulation and radiation is disturbed when the load is heavy. 4 refs., 8 figs., 3 tabs.

Survey report of FY 1997 on the feasibility of microbial biotechnology for reuse of environmental pollutants; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (kankyo osen busshitsu no shigenka no tame no biseibutsu bio technology no riyo kanosei chi kansuru chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

An investigation was conducted with the aim of elucidating the foundations for effective utilization of environmental pollutants or unused resources which are likely to be causal substances of environmental pollutants, as resources, using biotechnology. Composting of agricultural waste, production of microbial mycelium proteins and microbial fermentation materials were suggested as main examples of effective utilization of unused resources by microorganisms. Selection of active microorganisms in the livestock waste, clarification of the mechanism of action and the establishment of treatment conditions are essential to new developments in this field. In the field of marine products industry, it was pointed out that the recycling of waste using microorganisms and enzyme treatment is the most promising approach to the effective utilization of resources. In the field of food industry, applications as the culture media for mushrooms, for enzyme production and for the production of physiologically active materials as well as fuel were clarified. Was also pointed out the significance of studies on the microorganisms and enzymes in resources containing cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and the waste from these resources, lignocellulose. Were also proposed the composting of household waste, methane fermentation, and fermentative production of organic acid and hydrogen from waste. Possibility and significance of fermentative production of organic acid from sewage sludge were suggested. 314 refs., 46 figs., 33 tabs.

Developing motorization and effective use of energy. Present state in Europe and the U.S. and subjects and measures in Japan; Shintensuru motorization to energy no koritsuteki riyo. Obei no genjo to Nippon no kadai to taiosaku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-06-01

The paper clarified subjects on energy conservation in the transportation sector in Japan, and at the same time, studied measures to be introduced for effective use of energy. Recently, unit requirement of energy consumption per GNP has been increasing. One of the factors for the increase is the development of motorization arising from changes in life style and the increase in energy demand in the transportation sector in association with the changes. When considering global warming, the environmental problem, and medium- and long-term energy security, the more effective energy utilization by promoting energy conservation as well as the promotion of introducing clean petroleum substitution fuel are requested in the transportation sector where oil dependence is 98%. An analysis was made of energy demand in the transportation sector in Japan, and the result was internationally compared. An survey was also made on energy policy on the transportation sector in Europe and the U.S. For the effective energy utilization, described were enhancement of unit requirement of energy consumption (increase in fuel consumption and transport efficiency), and measures taken to widely spread petroleum substitution fuel. The paper also stated the introduction of the TDM (transportation demand management) method as a means of making travel conditions better. 47 refs., 38 figs., 31 tabs.

Generalized report on the research cooperation promoting project. Research cooperation related to the mine waste water treatment technology utilizing biotechnology; Kenkyu kyoryoku suishin jigyo sokatsu hokokusho. Bio riyo ni yoru kohaisui shori gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This paper is a generalized report in relation with the mine waste water treatment technology utilizing biotechnology, from among the promotion projects for research cooperation with China. Ferric iron (Fe{sup 3+}), which precipitates at low pH, is produced by utilizing bacteria which derives energy from oxidizing ferrous iron (Fe{sup 2+}) in the waste water, and the iron is precipitated and removed by using low-cost calcium carbonate as a neutralizing agent. Joint researches and developments have been carried out on selection of optimal kinds of bacteria, cultivation of bacteria oxidizing iron at high efficiency, optimal removal system of heavy metals in mine waste water, and recovery of useful resources. Japanese engineers were sent to sites in China, Chinese researchers were received in Japan, and pilot plants were operated and studied. For the purpose of proliferating and enlightening the result of the project, a seminar was held in Beijing in February 1998. In order for the achievements derived up to fiscal 1998 to be used in diverse fields, fiscal 1999 will carry out follow-ups, including assistance, for the voluntary researches performed by China. The follow-ups will also include confirmation on the state of testing the iron oxidizing bacteria technology, technical guidance, and analyses and discussions on the data. (NEDO)

International research cooperation project. Assessment report on the R and D of the comprehensive development/utilization technology of energy of gas hydrate resource; Gas hydrate shigen no energy sogo kaihatsu riyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu hyoka hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

As to 'the R and D of the comprehensive development/utilization technology of gas hydrate resource,' assessment was conducted and reported from an aspect of the third party. This R and D is a timely project being aimed at establishing the basic technology on gas hydrate from both aspects of fundamental research and practical research. In the development of gas hydrate resource in the tundra zone, the development of measuring methods for thermal conductivity and dielectric constants advanced the establishment of a guide for exploration and possibilities of assessment of the resource amount. In the development/production, it can be said that the knowledge/information collected by exchanging methane in gas hydrate with CO2 means no needs for new supply of heat and also contributes to the isolation of CO2. As to the utilization technology, the results were rated very high also internationally of tackling the quantitative evaluation method at molecular levels of the gas included in hydrate using Raman spectroscopy to establish the industrial gas separation method using the low-temperature environment in the tundra zone. (NEDO)

Japan prime s LNG utilization expansion and supply power analysis. ; Structuring mutual reliance relationship with project partners is urged. Nippon no LNG riyo kakudai to kyokyuryoku bunseki. ; Projectter dot partner kan no shinrai kankei no kochiku wo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sato, M [Mitsubishi Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1991-10-01

The Brunei Project is a joint venture among the Brunei Government, Shell and Mitsubishi Shoji, but when its supply began in 1972, the share ownership has consisted of Mitsubishi Shoji and Shell at 45% respectively and the Brunei Government at 10%. The mutual reliance relationship among the project partners has been built gradually in such ways as Shell has built an agricultural vocational school inviting professors specialized in agriculture from England. Mitsubishi has created a large-scale cattle breeding business and produced beef cattles under the severe tropical environment, with an unfortunate result that the production cost did not balance with the market price. Recently, three Japanese agricultural engineers have succeeded at last producing tomatoes, cucumbers and lettuces through endeavors of vegetable production by means of hydroponic processes. The Brunei Goverment is also planning to cultivate fish and shells. Meanwhile the voices from the working site stress strongly that the operation has been continued with the safety-first concept at all times.

Fiscal 1995 survey report on the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system joint demonstration project. Water-saving coal preparation system joint demonstration project; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kyodo jissho jigyo. Shosuigata sentan system kyodo jissho jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

This project makes demonstration of clean coal technology (CCT) in China and preparation for the base of its spread, controlled environmental pollution due to the coal use by the countries concerned, and contributes to stably secure energy of Japan. The paper made analog operation in the 1960s-1970s, supported by Russia and Poland, introduced two computer systems for operational control and quality control, densimeter, level meter, flow meter and analyzer to coal preparation plants having problems on productivity and quality control, made the optimum operational diagnosis for the plants, and at the same time, demonstrated the comprehensive rehabilitation type system by which water saving, high quality and high effectiveness are obtained. Various types of sensors such as rapid ash meter, scale and densitometer and computers are introduced to coal preparation plants which were recently constructed in China, have jig or heavy liquid cyclone as main preparation equipment and conducts operational control. There, the central control system was demonstrated in which various information collected in the central operation room and in-site equipment is combined by network for high-grade data processing and water saving is achieved. 50 figs., 11 tabs.

International Clean Energy System Using Hydrogen Conversion (WE-NET). subtask 2. Research study on promotion of international cooperation; Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET). subtask 2. Kokusai kyoryoku suishin no tame no chosa kento

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

This paper describes the research result on promotion of international cooperation in the WE-NET project in fiscal 1996. The WE-NET project aims at development of the total system for hydrogen production, transport, storage and utilization, and construction of the earth-friendly innovative global clean energy network integrating elemental technologies. Since the standpoint is different between latent resource supplying countries and technology supplying countries, the WE-NET project should be constantly promoted under international understanding and cooperation. The committee distributed the annual summary report prepared by NEDO to overseas organizations, and made positive PR activities in the 11th World Conference and others. The committee made the evaluation on the improvement effect of air pollution by introducing a hydrogen vehicle in combination with Stanford University, and preparation of PR video tapes for hydrogen energy. Preliminary arrangement of Internet home pages, establishment of a long-term vision for international cooperation, and proposal toward the practical WE-NET are also made. 9 figs., 13 tabs.

WE-NET substask 3. Conceptual design of the total system (City-level energy estimation and assessment); 1998 nendo suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET). 3. Zentai system gainen sekkei (toshi kibo deno yosoku hyoka)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The effort of fiscal 1997 at isolating the best way to introduce a relatively small amount of hydrogen into urban fuel economy was carried over to fiscal 1998. In the research of fiscal 1998, comparison was made between Tokyo and London in connection with hydrogen introduction, and a transition scenario was proposed for introducing hydrogen into Tokyo. Models were built for Tokyo and London, and studied. The result of this study was different from that obtained in the previous study, and places the two cities under similar conditions. The difference is attributed to the rapid progress in the development of the fuel cell and to the resultant reduction in cost. It is inferred that, in consideration of the transportation situation, the introduction of pure hydrogen will be the most cost-effective for both cities at least for some time to come. According to the revised data, natural gas may be procured in Tokyo as in London but the size of supply available in Tokyo is fairly smaller than that in London. Several transition scenarios covering the period up to 2025 were subjected to discussion. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of development of the technologies for recovering and utilizing carbon dioxide using coal and natural gas; 2000 nendo sekitan tennen gas katsuyogata nisanka tanso kaishu riyo gijutsu no kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-06-01

Described herein are the FY 2000 results of the research and development project for converting the gas, produced by reacting carbon dioxide and water with coal and natural gas using solar ray and heat, into methanol. A solar furnace operating with solar energy, composed of a simulated solar ray collector (5kW), CPC (Compound Parabolic Concentrator), molten salt furnace and coal gasifier, is designed, fabricated and installed. The motion in the molten salt furnace is simulated to analyze the heat flux. The wet and dry type coal gasification processes are simulated with Taiheiyo-coal as the basis. For the natural gas reforming solar furnace, various types of technical information on methane reforming and oxidation catalysts are pigeonholed. The catalytic reaction testing system is fabricated. The information of carbon dioxide separation technologies, e.g., membrane-aided separation, absorption, and membrane/absorption hybrid, is collected. The treatment test with the polyimide-based separation membrane is conducted. The information is pigeonholed and evaluated for development of the elementary techniques and optimization of the total system. The preliminary study on economic viability indicates that methanol production cost is 30 yen/kg-methanol or less, on the basis of releasing no carbon dioxide in the production step. (NEDO)

Research program for environmentally-friendly coal utilization system. Follow-up project for simplified desulfurizers (Weifang Chemical Industry Works); Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system donyu shien jigyo. Kan`i datsuryu setsubi ni kakawaru follow up jigyo (Weifang kakosho)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

To suppress the emission of environmental pollutants from coal utilization in China and to contribute to stable security of Japan`s energy, demonstration of clean coal technology and consolidation of diffusion base to be introduced into China have been promoted. Demonstration program for diffusing simplified desulfurizers has been promoted. For accelerating the achievement, experts of desulfurizers were delegated to Weifang Chemical Industry Works, to support the program. Exhaust gas is introduced from boiler via water spray dust remover, suction fan and centralized stack into absorption tower of the simplified wet-type desulfurizer. In the ascending process, the exhaust gas contacts with absorbent, to remove SO2 and dust. The absorbent is blasted up through the spray nozzle. The absorbent is oxidized by the air into sulfate ion in the liquid chamber at the lower part of tower, and neutralized by hydrated lime to form gypsum. Through the continuous operation for two years, understandings were remarkably increased. However, good treatment of the tax system is required for further diffusion. Though there are no problems for ordinary start and stop, emergency operation is insufficient. There are some problems in the maintenance due to the delay of finding failures. 16 figs., 1 tab.

Report on the survey in fiscal 1998. Basic survey on promotion of the joint implementation (a survey on improvement in wastes treatment system in Tapioka starch manufacturing plants); 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Kyodo jisshi nado suishin kiso chosa (Tapioka denpun kako kojo no haikibutsu shori no kaizen chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

In order to promote the joint implementation based on COP3, a survey and a discussion were given on improvement in wastes treatment systems and reduction of greenhouse effect gas emission in Tapioka starch manufacturing plants scattered in Indonesia. Currently, the wastes are disposed untreated, discharging methane gas into atmosphere as a result of putrefaction and contamination. Ten factories were picked up as the object of the survey. The following processes are to be adopted as the most suitable method for treating waste water and waste substances: solids (peels and fibers) are composted, and rinsing waste water is subjected to simple aerobic treatment; purified waste water is recovered of methane gas by means of anaerobic treatment; and the reduction amount of greenhouse effect gas converted to CO2 is estimated to reach 314,824 tons per year in total of the ten factories. If the carbon dioxide discharge right can be transacted at a sales price of a dollar per ton, assuming the compost sales price at 200 Rp./kg, the IRR will be 10% or higher, making the project very highly profitable. An IRR of 8% may not be assured unless the discharge right can be sold at 5 dollars per ton if the compost sales price is 150 Rp./kg. The Indonesian Government expects financial assistance from Japan for the pilot plant demonstration. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the R and D of the plant use energy utilization rationalization industrial material production technology; 1999 nendo shokubutsu riyo energy shiyo gorika kogyo genryo seisan gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of using plants to the process to produce energy conservation type/environmentally friendly type industrial materials, the R and D were conducted on the improvement in material productivity/stress resistance of plants by transgenetic technology, etc., and the FY 1999 results were summarized. In the study of the creation of plants to produce industrial materials by genetic recombination of eucalyptus trees, it was found out that early maturing branches of eucalyptus trees were a material suitable for Agrobacterium infection, and conditions to efficiently acquire transformation calluses were obtained. In the R and D of the creation of soybeans to produce polyunsaturated fatty acid, a gene of unsaturated enzyme was acquired from Mortierella alpina storing ultra-long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, and an experimental study was made to study whether or not this gene functions by plant. Further, studies were conducted on the technology to produce hybrid fiber by salt tolerance plants, creation of plants to produce isoprenoid/natural rubber, technology to produce tissue-specific high proteins, study on the molecular breeding of disease resistant plants, etc. (NEDO)

Research and development of basic technologies for the next generation industries, 'recombinant DNA utilizing technology'. Evaluation on the research and development; Jisedai sangyo kiban gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu 'kumikae DNA riyo gijutsu'. Kenkyu kaihatsu hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1991-03-01

Research, development and evaluation were performed with an objective of establishing the basic technology related to the recombinant DNA utilizing technology to create new microorganisms for processes in the chemical industry. The major achievements of the present research and development include establishment of the P450 gene manifestation system attributed from microsomes and mitochondria, and the success of the world's first simultaneous manifestation of P450 and reduction enzyme. Furthermore, the fused enzyme combining P450 and the reduction enzyme genetically was successfully manufactured ahead of the other countries, opening the way to industrializing the recombinant enzymes for use in bio-processes in the chemical industry. In creating a high-efficiency secretion recombinant bacillus subtilis stock, a bacillus subtilis host whose protease activity has been noticeably decreased was created. As an achievement of the research on the 'basic recombinant DNA technology', high-efficiency manifestation vector of medium level thermophile was created, and its usefulness was demonstrated. In addition, a host and vector system for high level thermophile was developed for the first time in the world. These achievements have opened the way to industrial utilization of the thermophilic bacteria. (NEDO)

Research and development of system to utilize photovoltaic energy. Study on the scenario for the diffusion of photovoltaic power generating systems; Taiyoko hatsuden riyo sytem no kenkyu kaihatsu. Taiyoko hatsuden donyu fukyu scenario sakusei no tame no chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

This paper reports the result obtained during fiscal 1994 on a survey to prepare scenario for the diffusion of photovoltaic power generating systems. Introduction target planned with help of a diffusion simulation was verified by calculations using simulation models. The calculations made the following points clear: facility costs and power generation costs for photovoltaic power generation systems, amount of introduced photovoltaic power generation systems, number of facilities introducing photovoltaic power generation systems, policy cost to achieve the target, annual power generation amount, oil substituting effect, carbon dioxide reducing effect, and market sizes. Power generation cost in fiscal 2000 would drop down to 53 yen per kWh in new installation in independent houses and down to 31 yen per kWh in systems used in schools. These reductions are the result of progress in mass production as a result of positively implementing the aiding policies. The required diffusion aiding policies revealed from the simulation results include expansion of subsidy operations for house construction, introduction of the systems into public facilities performed by public organizations, aid to system introduction into private business entities, subsidy to facility investments, and enforcement of power purchase institutions. 3 figs.

Fiscal 1995 survey report on the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system introduction support project. Verification project on the circulating fluidized bed boiler; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system donyu shien jigyo. Junkan ryudosho boiler ni kakawaru jissho jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-12-01

In relation to the circulating fluidized bed boiler which reduces the amount of sulfur oxides emitted in coal utilization, a verification project was carried out on installation of the equipment and spread activity in China and the Philippines contributing to the control of environmental pollutant associated with coal utilization and the effective use of energy. At the Fanshan area, installed was a 10t/h internal circulating fluidized bed boiler. At the performance test, coal includes around 7% of impurities such as stone, and the impurities should be excluded continuously at the time of actual run. Therefore, the boiler efficiency had to be changed from 89.5% to 85.8%. Further, power generation facilities have not yet been finished, and the overall operation of boiler turbine has not been executed. At the Zibo area, a 30t/h external circulating fluidized bed boiler was installed. The boiler efficiency reached 86.1%, over the targeted value. At the Batangas area in the Philippines, a 10t/h internal circulating fluidized bed boiler was installed. The boiler efficiency reached 85.8%, over the designed value. About the coal produced in the Philippines, slagging was feared, but the combustion state was favorable. 82 figs., 21 tabs.

FY 1998 annual report on the development of plasma-aided surface treatment processes by in-situ controlling (second year); 1997 nendo in-situ seigyo ni yoru plasma riyo hyohi shori process no kaihatsu seika hokokusho (dai 2 nendo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This R and D project is aimed at stable production of high-quality, important machine members, which are difficult to sufficiently achieve the required properties by a single material, by carburization while minimizing use of expensive alloy metals, where high-temperature carburizing time is reduced by a plasma-aided system to save energy, and, at the same time, the conventional oil-hardening system is replaced by a He gas cooling/recycling system to solve the environmental problems involved in the former. The exhaust gases released from the plasma-aided system are adequately treated to prevent the problems caused thereby. The conditions of the plasma itself and treated surfaces are sensed in-situ, and the data are fed back to the process controlling system, to keep the treated object stable and high in quality, while minimizing energy consumption. The FY 1998 efforts were directed to studies on methods for sensing the plasma and treated surfaces, and specifications of a mini-plant for the demonstration tests, and to collection of characteristic data for development of some new products to be produced. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 research report on the demand forecast of rare element minerals, recycling technology of rare elements from waste, and substitute rare element minerals; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Kisho genso koseki no juyo yosoku, kisho genso no haikibutsu kara no kaishu gijutsu oyobi daitai kisho genso koseki nado ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Rare element mineral is indispensable material for functionalization of high-tech raw materials. Its deposit is poor, an increase in its future demand is expected, and its information disclosure is insufficient because of strategic important material. To solve these problems, the following were studied systematically, and urgent research themes on rare element minerals were clarified: (1) High-efficiency recycling technology of rare elements, (2) Waste treatment system after recycling of rare elements from the viewpoint of environmental measures, (3) Establishment of the database of rare element minerals, and development of new substitute rare element minerals, and (4) Design method of substitute materials possible to generate various existing functions without any rare elements. Among them, in particular, precise separation of 46 kinds of rare elements from waste of high-tech raw materials, and recycling of rare elements from zinc refining waste and pyrite ore deposit containing copper were pointed out as important themes. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1981 Sunshine Project research report. Development of hydrothermal power plant. Development of binary cycle power plant. Conceptual plant design; 1981 nendo nessui riyo hatsuden plant no kaihatsu / binary cycle hatsuden plant no kaihatsu seika hokokusho . Plant gainen sekkei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

Conceptual design was made on a 10MW class binary cycle power plant for a demonstration plant superior in reliability and profitability, under most realistic current geothermal field conditions. In the design, study was made on heat balance, main pipe system, equipment allocation, and electric system for a plant system configuration, and study was also made on preheater, evaporator, condenser, turbine and others for plant component equipment. Further study was made on optimization of mist cooling condenser, instrumentation, control, utility, and environmental measures. The following basic data were obtained through the conceptual design: plant inlet hot water temperature: 130 degrees C, plant outlet hot water temperature: 70 degrees C, hot water flow rate: 1,415t/h, working fluid: R-114, R-114 pressure in evaporator: 11.98kg/cm{sup 2} abs, R-114 evaporation temperature: 91.1 degrees C, R-114 condensation temperature: 31.0 degrees C, R- 114 flow rate: 2,265t/h, site area: 106.5m x 102.4m, building area: 48.7m x 16.8m, and building height: 13.0m. (NEDO)

Report on the research cooperation promoting project in fiscal 1998. Research cooperation related to the mine waste water treatment technology utilizing biomass; 1998 nendo kenkyu kyoryoku suishin jigyo hokokusho. Bio riyo ni yoru kohaisui shori gijutsu ni kansuru kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This paper describes the achievement in relation with the mine waste water treatment technology utilizing biomass, from among the promotion projects for research cooperation with China. Waste water is converted into ferric iron (Fe{sup 3+}), which precipitates at low pH, by utilizing iron oxidizing bacteria which use ferrous iron (Fe{sup 2+}) in the waste water as the energy source, and is precipitated and removed by using low-cost calcium carbonate as a neutralizing agent. Fiscal 1998 has performed eight site surveys with 47 persons in total. The main survey items are the study and guidance of pilot plant operation and the survey on measures to prevent occurrence of contamination by heavy metals in Wushan Mine. Additional site surveys were made at Dexing Mine and Yinshan Lead/Zinc Mine. Continued from fiscal 1997, consumables required for the pilot plant were purchased, and items of the bench-scale testing equipment used by Japan for domestic researches (an oxidation and neutralization testing equipment and a copper recovering and testing equipment) were transported to China. The operation research data of the pilot plant were put in order and analyzed. This paper summarizes the concept design of the shaft waste water treatment facilities for the north mine in Wushan Mine, and the surveys on measures for heavy metal contamination sources. (NEDO)

Annual cycle solar energy utilization with seasonal storage. Part 8. Study on periodic steady state of the annual cycle energy system at a practical operation; Kisetsukan chikunetsu ni yoru nenkan cycle taiyo energy riyo system ni kansuru kenkyu. 8

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tanaka, H; Okumiya, M [Nagoya University, Nagoya (Japan)

1997-11-25

A study was made of the periodic steady state of the annual cycle solar energy system with seasonal heat storage at a practical operation. Cold heat in winter and warm heat in summer are stored in the seasonal storage tank, and these are each used in shift until when demand for cold/warm heat appears. Moreover, gap in quantity of cold/warm heat going in/out of the heat storage tank during a year is filled by natural energy such as solar energy, so that the system can be operated in annual cycles. Studies were conducted of the periodic unsteady term and the problem on lowering of performance during the term such as the periodic unsteady term of water temperature inside the seasonal heat storage tank and temperature of the soil around the storage tank, and the level of lowering of performance during the term, necessity of additional operation/control at the start of operation and aged deterioration of the system. Within the assumption, even if starting operation in any time of the year, the system could show the performance almost expected from the first operation year with no additional system operation and control required only at the start of operation. It is thought that the heat source selection control of heat pump largely contributes to this. 4 refs., 5 figs., 3 tabs.

FY 2000 research cooperation project on the research cooperation for the preservation, sustainable utilization, etc. of the biological diversification. Follow-up; 2000 nendo kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo. Seibutsu tayosei hozen to zizokuteki riyo to ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku (Follow up)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of contributing to developing countries' preserving biological resources in the tropical region, etc. and making the sustainable utilization of biological resources using biotechnology, etc. possible, research cooperation for strengthening the base of international research cooperation was given, and the FY 2000 results were outlined. In this fiscal year, visits were paid to research institutes in Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia for survey of the present situation. In Indonesia, conducted were the study of information system and culture collection, study of plant utilization technology, study of utilization technology of bacteria, etc., and improvement in personnel, facilities and maintenance management power of research cooperation institutes was confirmed. In Thailand and Malaysia, conducted were the study of information system and culture collection, study of rule making of the access profit distribution to genetic resource, and management of the biological resource sampled and study of the route to the industrial utilization. Taking advantage of this project, the contract for the genetic resource search for commercial purpose was agreed between a Japanese company and a Malaysian institute. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 report on basic research for promotion of joint implementation programs. Research on collection and utilization of coal mine methane gas in Russia (Kuznetsk coal field); Russia (Kuznetsk tanden) ni okeru tanko methane gas kaishu riyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The above-mentioned effort is to comply with the COP3 (Third Session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) joint implementation clause. At this coal field, mining facilities are growing superannuated and obsolescent in the prolonged business depression, causing frequent occurrence of disasters such as gas explosions. The coal mine gas collection rate at the Kuznetsk coal field is as low as 17%, with concern for safety discouraging sufficient collection. Even the small amount of the collected gas is, in the absence of gas utilizing facilities, totally discharged into the air. For the mitigation of global warming, for mining safety, and for the establishment of a foundation for business, it is desired that coal mine methane gas collection/utilization facilities and related technologies be introduced into the coal field. Gas purging from the pits is incomplete, which is attributed to the lack of equipment capable of excavating proper-diameter bores longer than 100m for longwall mining. Ventilation also needs improvement. The research is under way on the premise that highly reliable intermediate range (300m) boring equipment and gas management technologies will be available. Collection of gas of a 30-35% concentration level at a collection rate of 40% is the target. (NEDO)

Report on the research achievements in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1990. Studies on coal liquefying reaction, and reforming and utilization of the products; 1990 nendo sekitan no ekika hanno to seiseibutsu no kaishitsu riyo no kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1991-03-01

This paper describes the achievements in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1990 on research of coal liquefying reaction. The research contributes to developing a coal liquefaction technology as one of the methods for manufacturing clean energy and chemical raw materials from coal. In the fundamental study on the liquefaction, primarily liquefied heavy constituents in different types of coals were divided into such constituents as HI, TI, and THFI to discuss the performance and coking behavior of each constituent as solvent. Furthermore, effects of hydrogenation treatment were also elucidated. Decomposing reaction was performed on different heavy products to discuss effects of the reaction conditions. In the liquefying reaction using petroleum-based heavy oil as solvent, different shale oils were used in experiments for comparison with the case of using tar sand bitumen. In the study of reforming the product, comparison was carried out on reactions in hydrogenation treatment and contact decomposition of medium to heavy fractions of liquefied oil. A separation experiment was made on hetero compounds by means of solvent extraction and pressure crystallization of liquefied oil naphtha and light oil fraction. Effects of additive were investigated in an engine test on the stabilized and balanced light oil fraction. Discussions were given on high level utilization of heat treated oil recovered from residues in liquefaction distillation. (NEDO)

FY 1998 report on the results of the development for an advanced application system for glass waste with CO2 emission reduction; 1998 nendo CO{sub 2} haishutsu yokuseigata hai glass kodo riyo system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For the realization of the cycling recycle society, it is important to promote recycling using glass waste for CO2 reduction and effective use of resources. The paper described the FY 1998 results of the development. It included the classification by which the composition of the particle sizes required for recycled products will be made possible, basic studies for low-cost pulverization/separation of foreign substances, and tests on heightening of process accuracy. Relating to the artificial synthesis of feldspar/pottery stone using glass waste/alumina waste as starting materials, vitrification behavior was studied to find out the optimum synthesis conditions. Glass waste of 60% and aluminum hydroxide of 40% were mixed at calcination temperature of 1,100 degrees C for more than 1 hour. Properties of the artificial feldspar/pottery stone were similar to those of the natural one. As to the utilization of glass waste to hydrothermally solidified materials, high-strength solidified matter without crack was obtained in the three-component system of G powder/hydrated lime/gypsum. Concerning the production of eco-glass block, a study was made on the size and mixing ratio of the cullet waste which is very soluble and has no effects on performance. The paper touched also on the R and D of the environmentally friendly type system using multi-functional hybrid materials. (NEDO)

Research report for fiscal 1998 on the basic research on the promotion of joint implementation and so forth. Coalbed methane collection and utilization project in China; 1998 nendo Chugoku ni okeru tanko methane gas kaishu riyo project chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

China is surveyed for promotion of joint implementation, which is one of the flexibility measures in the Kyoto Protocol, the Third Session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The project aims to collect methane for global warming suppression and to use it as town gas and for power generation as well. The survey covers the 2 coalfields of Yangquan and Panjiang. The Yangquan coalfield is the largest anthracite yielding base in China, with 6 mines in operation. Power generation centering on a 100MW plant is discussed, and generation fired by a mixture of debris out of the coal preparation facility and gas is compared with another fired by town gas, on the assumption that 130-million m{sup 3} is available under the current circumstances. In the case of the Panjiang coalfield, which is expected to develop into a large coal base in the southern part of China, power generation centering on a 50MW plant fired by a mixture of debris and gas is discussed, on the assumption that 63-million m{sup 3} is collectable from the existing 5 mines. Use of town gas is also studied. When Japan's coalbed methane collection technology is applied, the gas drainage rate will be elevated to 40-35% or higher. It is desired that the use of gas drainage will be further diffused for the prevention of disasters of coal mine gas explosion. It is hoped that the use of environmentally friendly energies will be enhanced. (NEDO)

Report on the achievements in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1985. Studies on liquefying reaction of coals, and on reforming and utilizing the product; 1985 nendo sekitan no ekika hanno to seiseibutsu no kaishitsu riyo no kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1986-03-01

Contents of the studies on coal liquefaction processes during fiscal 1985 are as follows: coal liquefying reaction using iron based catalysts and adding solvent-refined coal (SRC) into the solvent is carried out by using an autoclave to investigate changes in the liquefaction rate, solvent and SRC; coal hydrogenating reaction using iron based catalysts is performed by using a continuous liquefying equipment to discuss sedimentation and accumulation of the catalysts, coal types, and conversion rate; hydrogenation treatment using Ni-Mo based catalysts is given on residual products produced by the liquefaction to compare degree of lightening and cleanliness with the result in medium fraction; hydrogenation treatment is given on the medium fraction produced in a large process to investigate effects of the reforming treatment from the nature of the produced oil and compare the effects with the nature of oil produced from mixing the medium fraction of the coal liquefied oil with the corresponding fraction from petroleum; a combustion test using a diesel engine is performed on oil reformed and produced from the hydrogenation treatment of the medium fraction of the coal liquefied oil to discuss the reforming effect from the amount and nature of the waste gas; and the oil mixed of the medium fraction and the corresponding fraction in petroleum is evaluated on petroleum substitution performance by using the above test. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 survey report on project for promoting international cooperation. Survey on coal utilization in APEC region (Coal note); 2000 nendo kokusai kyoryoku suishin jigyo chosa hokokusho. APEC iki nai ni okeru sekitan riyo jokyo tou chosa (Koru note)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With the purpose of contributing to the infrastructure for promoting clean coal technology (CCT), there were compiled as the 'coal note' various kinds of coal-related information in China, Indonesia, Philippine, Thailand and Vietnam among APEC countries. Concerning China, for example, economic growth and energy supply/demand in the category of the energy outline were described in detail; as were the guiding principle. individual guidance plan, and specific energy policy of the 10th five year plan, in the category of the energy policy; coal deposits, geological summary, coal quality in each coal forming period, and the status quo of development, in the category of the coal mines and development; coal supply/demand, production, consumption, and export, in the category of the present status of the coal industry; producers, sales, quality of product coal, distribution, and price, in the category of the domestic supply; present state of environmental problems relating to coal, and environmental measures intended for coal, in the category of the coal-related environmental issues; and development, production, coal cleaning, quality control, safety control, and utilization (combustion, liquefaction and gasification), in the category of coal utilization technology, respectively. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 research report. Study on the feasibility of microorganism biotechnology for effective use of environmental pollutants. Pt. 2; 1998 nendochosa hokokusho. Kankyo osen busshitsu no shigenka no tame no biseibutsu bio technology riyo kanosei ni kansuru chosa. 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Study was made on the feasibility of microorganism biotechnology for effective use of environmental pollutants and unused resources. Microorganisms and microorganism enzymes for decomposing lignocellulose were viewed, and uses of hydrolysis products were summarized. Production of microorganisms applicable to fodder, composting, and production of energy sources (methane, hydrogen, ethanol) were studied. Use of vegetable fiber residues such as beer lees as fungus cultivation medium and conversion to valuable substances were also studied. Microorganisms treatment (MT) of wastes in fats and oils industry was summarized. Effective use of MT of protein waste from marine products was studied. MT of manures with the greatest impact on environment as livestock waste was summarized. The necessity of separate collection of domestic wastes, and composting and methane fermentation of kitchen garbage were reported. The feasibility of MT of plastic wastes, and decomposition of halogenated methane with high toxicity were also studied. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 2000 on research and development of high level waste glass utilization system of CO2 emission suppression type; 2000 nendo CO2 haishutsu yokuseigata hai glass kodo riyo system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (kokaiyo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With an objective to establish a waste glass recycling system of low cost and requiring less CO2 emission amount and energy consumption, research and development has been made on classification of waste glasses into particle composition that is required in regenerated commercial products. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 2000. In the research of a waste glass reusing and supplying system designed by using LCA, discussions were given on items required in circulating and recycling waste glass resources, and quality control on raw materials and products. Evaluations of product quality control items were made on crystallized glass, sintered glasswool, automotive window glass, electric bulbs, fluorescent lamp glass, and quartz glass. Utilization tests were carried out for Mashiko porcelain china clay with an intention of expanding the application of waste glass, whereas the relationship between waste glass addition amount and optimal sintering temperature range was verified, disclosing that the limit of the waste glass addition is 10%. In the research on multi-functional hybrid materials, discussions were given on light-weight tiles and water permeating blocks with regard to the manufacturing technology, facility specifications, product quality, effects of the functions, and durability. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 verification survey of geothermal exploration technology. Development of the fracture type reservoir exploration method (development of the elastic wave use exploration method); 1996 nendo chinetsu tansa gijutsu nado kensho chosa. Danretsugata choryuso tansaho kaihatsu (danseiha riyo tansaho kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

For the purpose of exploring accurately fracture groups greatly restricting the fluid flow of geothermal reservoirs, technical development was made for applying the elastic wave exploration technology such as the high precision reflection method, VSP, elastic wave tomography to the geothermal exploration. The Okiri area, Kagoshima prefecture was selected as a demonstrative field of a typical type where the steep and predominant fracture rules the geothermal reservoir, and experiments were conducted using the high precision reflection method and VSP. Fracture models were made, and the analysis results were studied by a survey using the array CSMT/MT method and by a comparison with existing data. Reformation of the underground receiving system used for VSP and elastic tomography is made for improvement of its viability, and was applied to the VSP experiment. The treatment/analysis system of the core analyzer was improved, and cores of the demonstrative field were analyzed/measured. Further, the exploration results, core analysis results and existing data were synthetically analyzed, and fracture models of the demonstrative field were constructed. Also, effectiveness and viability of the elastic wave use exploration method were studied. 90 refs., 418 figs., 24 tabs.

Research and development of utilization technology of solar thermal energy system for industrial and other use. International joint technology development for solar energy utilization systems; Sangyoyo nado solar system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu. Taiyo energy riyo system kokusai kyodo gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takita, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

Described herein are the results of the FY1994 research program for international joint technology development for solar energy utilization systems. The joint study with an Indonesian research institute takes a model of lumber drying plant for the design and feasibility study. All the parts it needs are technically available in Indonesia, except carbon fiber sheets and electronic devices for controlling purposes. The drying cost is higher than that of a plant which procures charge-free wood fuel, but lower than that of a plant which procures fuel at 30$/t. A cacao drying plant model is also studied. The feasibility study shows that the initial investment for the blowing-up model is much higher by 60% to 100% than that for the conventional plant. Its fuel cost is lower by 11% than that of residual oil but 27% higher than that of wood. 4 figs.

Feasibility study of international cooperation in the research/development of a solar energy utilization system by the innovative solar thermochemical process; Kakushinteki solar netsukagaku process ni yoru taiyo energy riyo system no kaihatsu kenkyu ni kakawaru kokusai kyoryoku kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

At COP3 in 1997, an agreement was made to the innovative technical development/promotion by international cooperation, and the promotion of transfer of environmental technology to developing countries. Under the agreement, a feasibility study of international cooperation was made, and especially a study was conducted of the utilization/development of solar energy by the innovative solar thermochemical process. The main reason for global warming is emissions of a large amount of CO2 caused by the direct combustion of fossil fuels. Therefore, a CO2 recycle system taken up in the study enables a more substantial decline in CO2 emission (kg/kWh) per unit generation than the conventional thermal power system by composing solar methanol or solar dimethyl ether using fossil fuels including coal, water, CO2, etc. as raw materials and using solar energy as heat source, and by using this as fuel (solar fuel). CO2 can be reduced by 13% to 14% by substituting solar methanol or solar dimethyl ether produced from petroleum/methane equivalent-mol mixed raw materials for the equivalent mol coal and natural gas of the thermal power plant (CO2 recovery is not necessary). 34 refs., 47 figs., 34 tabs.

International Clean Energy System Using Hydrogen Conversion (WE-NET). subtask 3. Conceptual design of the total system (safety measures and evaluation technology); Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET). subtask 3. Zentai system gainen sekkei (anzen taisaku hyoka gijutsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Safety measures and assessment technology were studied for the WE-NET project. As the study result in fiscal 1996, the information on safety design, anomaly and accident was collected and arranged. The information on safety measures, ideology and criterion was also collected by visiting some domestic and overseas organizations experienced about handling of liquid hydrogen (LH). The initial survey was made for the safety design ideology, analytical technique and disaster preventive measures of LNG systems as the similar cold liquid system. Accidents and explosion accident of a hydrogen production plant (water electrolysis) in Germany were analyzed. Events on storage tanks and leakage around the tanks were studied as typical risk of LH considering temporary and LNG system design information. The model based on the LH spillage test result and 3-D dispersion of vapor cloud were prepared by modifying a simulation code. The model allowed evaluation of the effect of explosion and fire accidents of compressed hydrogen gas and flying fragments on structures and people, and visual display of distances from a tank and damage conditions. 19 refs., 29 figs., 18 tabs.

Achievement report for fiscal 1999. Joint verification research on use for power generation of Omani superhigh-viscosity crude oil remaining unexploited; 1999 nendo Oman koku ni okeru miriyo chokonensei gen'yu no denryoku riyo ni kansuru kyodo jissho kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

A Mukhaizna oil field remains to be exploited in Oman, with an estimated reserve of 2.4-billion barrels of very heavy oil with an API (American Petroleum Institute) specific gravity of 15.3. The viscosity of the oil is so high as to be over 100-thousand cP (at 15 degrees C). The extremely high viscosity causes its exploitable rate to be so low as 3%, and makes shipment by pipeline quite difficult. In this survey, a method using water emulsion is proposed for viscosity reduction, which aims to reduce the Mukhaizna crude oil viscosity to 200mm2/s or less. In an experiment using the water emulsion method, oil is mixed with water at a rate of 72 to 28 in a shearing mixer for the production of a water emulsion of crude oil. It is found that a certain degree of stability is acquired using a surface active agent available on the market. Using this emulsion method, the crude oil is converted into a power generator fuel with a heating value of 6,775kcal/kg. The crude oil-turned product is a fine fuel superior to Orimulsion which is a fuel of the same type in terms of viscosity, amount of ash, and vanadium concentration. (NEDO)

International Clean Energy System Using Hydrogen Conversion (WE-NET). subtask 1. Research study on integrated evaluation and development plan; Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET). subtask 1. Sogo hyoka to kaihatsu keikaku no tame no chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

This paper describes the research result on the WE-NET project in fiscal 1996. The WE-NET project is composed of various elemental technologies such as hydrogen production, transport, storage, low-temperature material, utilization and hydrogen combustion turbine. The organic integrated cooperation and coordination between individual subtasks are indispensable for effective promotion of the project and optimization of the total system. The current R and D states of every elemental technology were surveyed, and its findings were utilized for coordination of the whole project and examination of the research project including pilot studies. Eleven important items in the total coordination including a total system cost and safety measures in a developmental stage were examined. The development results for 4 years of fiscal 1993-1996 were assessed together, and the draft working plan for fiscal 1997-1998 was also decided. The verification test plan of a hydrogen combustion turbine scheduled in Phase II was studied, and the basic plans of development step were proposed. The draft report of a transition scenario was also prepared. 6 figs., 68 tabs.

Fiscal 1998 research report on International Clean Energy Network using Hydrogen Conversion (WE-NET). Subtask 3. Conceptual design of the whole system; 1998 nendo suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) sub task 3. Zentai system gainen sekkei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This report summarizes the fiscal 1998 result on the conceptual design of the full-scale whole system from hydrogen production to end use. In elaboration of the conceptual design of a liquid hydrogen transport and storage system, a hydrogen combustion turbine generation facility was divided into a cryogenic oxygen production facility and a hydrogen combustion turbine generation facility, and their facility costs, annual expense ratios and scale factors were set separately for trial calculation of generation costs. In study on the profitability of alternative hydrogen production systems and the hydrogen combustion turbine generation system, the cost of the combination of hydrogen production by coal gasification or natural gas modification and the generation system was calculated. In addition, this cost was compared with the costs of liquid hydrogen, methanol or ammonia system. In study on the profitability of a distributed use system of hydrogen, a hydrogen diesel system, fuel cell system and fuel supply system for vehicles were studied roughly. (NEDO)

Research report of FY 1997 on the environmentally acceptable coal utilization system introduction support project. Demonstration project on simplified desulfurizers; 1997 nendo seika hokokusho. Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system donyu shien jigyo (kan`i datsuryu setsubi ni kakawaru jissho jigyo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

To reduce SOx with coal utilization, a desulfurizer is introduced in Thailand as diffusion activities in the demonstration program. The purpose is to reduce the environmental pollutants. For this desulfurizer, lime mud mainly composed of lime stone is used as an absorber. SO2 in the flue gas is absorbed by the slurry of lime mud, to form calcium sulfite. The calcium sulfite blown in the bottom of recycling tank is oxidized by oxygen in the air, to form gypsum. The gypsum is recovered as a by-product. In this fiscal year, a feeder of lime stone, spray nozzles, and various analysis apparatuses were supplied. Supervisors for electric instrumentation/control were also dispatched as well as for main body construction, to carry out the instrumentation setting works, check of sequences, and adjustment of apparatuses. After the test operation, supervisors for the demonstration operation were dispatched up to March 1998, to conduct the cooperation works between Japan and Thailand sides. Thus, successful and successive demonstration operation was confirmed. 21 figs., 6 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 survey report. Subtask 4 (hydrogen utilization worldwide clean energy system technology) (WE-NET) (development of hydrogen production technology); 1997 nendo seika hokokusho. Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) subtask 4 suiso seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

As a WE-NET subtask, a study has been conducted of the solid polyelectrolyte water electrolysis method by which higher efficiency and lower cost hydrogen production is expected than in the conventional hydrogen production method. Production methods of electrode, electrolyte, etc. were studied. In the electroless plating method, the manufacturing process of membrane-electrode assemblies was realized in a large area of 2500 cm{sup 2} by the porous-surfaced method by studying manufacturing conditions for slurry membrane/membrane assembly/electroless plating processes. In the hot-press method, the refining degree and dispersibility of iridium dioxide powder were studied to improve characteristics of anode catalyst. A method was developed to form polyelectrolyte coatings homogeneously on the surface of electrode layer catalytic powder, and a large area of 2500 cm{sup 2} was realized. Beside the performance test using large single cells, FS was conducted to discuss optimum operating conditions and optimum structures of plants. Both methods indicated the performance exceeding the energy conversion efficiency of 90%, a WE-NET target, at current density of 1A/cm{sup 2} and electrolysis temperature of 80degC. A key was found to a bench-scale development (electrode area of 2500 cm{sup 2}, about 5 layers) to be planned in fiscal 1998. 136 figs., 50 tabs.

FY 1999 report on the results of the R and D of the CO2 emission control advanced system for glass waste (public use); 1999 nendo seika hokokusho (Kokaiyo). CO2 haishutsu yokuseigata hai garasu kodo riyo system no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The R and D were conducted of a low cost and low CO2 emission/consumption energy supply system which can classify glass waste into the grain size distribution required for recycled products and supply it as raw material, and the FY 1999 results were summed up. As to the R and D of the glass waste recycling supply system technology with LCA-design, study was made on the quality management of raw materials and products. Concerning the grain size of products, examined were effects of changes in revolution number of grinder on the particle size of product and production amount. In the developmental study of the application, conducted were the analysis of grain shape, preparation sintering and heavy metal elution test of crystal fine and crystal powder. In the study of artificial synthesis of the pottery stone material, almost the same product as the conventional one was obtained by dispersing/mixing G powder and aluminum hydroxide and calcinating them at 1,100 degrees C. Trial products such as teacup and ash tray were manufactured. Besides, the R and D were carried out of the use of glass waste for hydrothermally solidified materials, eco-glass block, lightweight tile/permeable block, etc. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1975 Sunshine Project research report. General research on hydrogen energy subsystems and their peripheral technologies (Research on automobile engine); 1975 nendo suiso riyo subsystem no sogoteki kento to shuhen gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu seika hokokusho. Jidosha engine ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1976-05-10

This report summarizes the fiscal 1975 research results, and proposes the policy toward the future as follows. (1) Computational prediction on the future trend of hydrogen energy is active in the U.S.A. (2) For application of hydrogen derived from coal to transport, chemical synthesis of methane, methanol and gasoline from such hydrogen is in proposal because of difficult transport of LH{sub 2} or MH{sub 2}. (3) Complete run of Musashi Institute of Technology's LH{sub 2} passenger car in a long-distance rally, and trial run of Billings' MH{sub 2} minibus as challenge to practical use indicated new data, features and problems for hydrogen vehicles through experiences. (4) Conversion from a conventional soft-oriented attitude to a hard-oriented one is thus necessary. (5) Preparation of LH{sub 2} production facility is also necessary. (6) Stabilization of atomic hydrogen, expected various hydrides, and an H{sub 2}-O{sub 2}-water engine as new ideas are stimulating many researchers. (7) Study on gasoline cracking methods such as JPL is active. (8) Doubled cost of gasoline will probably promote practical use of hydrogen vehicles. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1975 Sunshine Project research report. General research on hydrogen energy subsystems and their peripheral technologies (Research on fuel cell system); 1975 nendo suiso riyo subsystem no sogoteki kento to shuhen gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu seika hokokusho. Nenryo denchi system kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1976-03-01

In fiscal 1974, the domestic and overseas developmental states of fuel cell bodies were surveyed, and some problems on the interconnection between a fuel cell system and power system were studied. Since the maximum outputs of conventional fuel cells are only nearly 10kW, however, those from several hundreds kW to several ten thousands kW are required for buildings or commercial power facilities, in the fiscal 1975, some supposed problems derived from such scale- up of fuel cells were extracted to study their solutions. Study was made on 4 kinds of fuel cells such as alkaline electrolyte, acidic electrolyte, molten salt electrolyte and solid electrolyte fuel cells, and fuel modifier for generating hydrogen. As preliminary modeling work for dynamic performance analysis of fuel cell systems, study was made on scale of the model, DC devices and equipment for customers, environmental impact, power supply reliability, various characteristics and problems in load variation including start and stop, and kinds of accidents and their measures. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 feasibility research on environmentally-friendly coal utilization system. Feasibility research project (Clinkering technology for fluidized bed cement kiln - China); 2000 nendo kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa hokokusho. Jisshi kanosei chosa jigyo (ryudosho cement kiln shosei gijutsu Chugoku)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Studies are conducted about the feasibility of the above-named technology in China, its energy conservation and environmental protection effects, and so forth. To be expected upon conversion of shaft kilns in China to fluidized bed kilns using this technology are energy conservation of approximately 30%; resultant reduction in greenhouse effect gas emissions, in the scattering of coarse particulates, and in NOx and SOx emissions, these in combination contributing to reduction in environmental pollution; stable production of high-quality clinker; preference to inexpensive fuels and the effective utilization of resources; reduction in the cement manufacturing cost; and so forth. On-site surveys were conducted at existing shaft kiln plants, and studies were made about conversion to fluidized bed cement kilns with a 1,000 tons/day capability. The conclusion was that the period of return on invested capital would be 3.94-8.98 years, dependent upon the degree of facilities renovation, showing the presence of high possibilities of a successful return on invested capital. It was estimated that the shaft kilns would bring about a yearly reduction of 840 tons of coarse particulates, 105 tons of SO{sub 2}, and 68,281 tons of CO2. (NEDO)

Report on the research achievements in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1992. Studies on liquefying reaction in coal, and reforming and utilization of the products; 1992 nendo sekitan no ekika hanno to seiseibutsu no kaishitsu riyo no kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1983-03-01

This paper describes the achievements in the Sunshine Project in fiscal 1992 in studies on liquefying reaction in coal, and reforming of the products. High conversion rate was attained in the co-treatment of bitumen and Taiheiyo coals by using highly dispersing oil soluble solvent without performing coking, even if the asphaltene concentration is high. When a very highly acidic trifluoromethane sulfonic acid catalyst is used, hydrogenation and conversion to solubilized low molecules is possible even with a solvent having low affinity with coal. Swelling effect by tetralin is remarkable in pulverized coal, and the conversion rate was improved greatly under high-pressure hydrogen. When naphtha of the Wandoan coal liquefied oil is given extraction treatment with base and acid/base, the gas production decreases noticeably when hydrogenating and refining the extracts, resulting in reduced hydrogen consumption and improved oil recovery rate. Furthermore, when the extraction treated naphtha is hydrogenated, denitrification can be achieved completely. Kerosene and light oil liquefied from the Wandoan coal were cracked by fluidity contact, whereas the light gravity product yield due to the decomposition was found low because of containing a great amount of two-ring aromatics. The pressure crystal deposition method using solvent is effective in separation of high-melting point compounds including anthracene from heavy gravity oil. (NEDO)

Hydrogen utilization international clean energy system (WE-NET). Subtask 8. Development of hydrogen combustion turbines (development of combustion control technology); Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system (WE-NET). Subtask 8. Suiso nensho turbine no kaihatsu nensho seigyo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The paper described the fiscal 1996 developmental results of hydrogen burning turbine combustion technology in the hydrogen utilization international clean energy system (WE-NET) project. A test was conducted on an annular type combustor where oxygen is mixed with steam (inert gas) at burner and fired with hydrogen. Appropriate flame shape and cooling/dilution vapor distribution were attempted, and various data on combustion were measured for improvement. Mixture and flame holding were improved by developing a can type combustor (1) where oxygen is diluted with steam after firing oxygen and hydrogen around burner and by strengthening circulation in the combustor. Improvement such as appropriate steam distribution, etc. is needed. A can type combustor (2) was tested in which the premixed oxygen and hydrogen is supplied from scoop and fired with hydrogen. By supplying part of oxygen from the primary scoop, the residual hydrogen and oxygen concentration around the stoichiometric ratio can be reduced. Concentration of the residual oxygen can be measured by the absorption light method, but it is difficult to adopt the non-contact measuring method to hydrogen. An outlook for the gas temperature measuring method was obtained. 12 refs., 121 figs., 27 tabs.

Fiscal 1975 Sunshine Project research report. General research on hydrogen energy subsystems and their peripheral technologies (Research on automobile engine); 1975 nendo suiso riyo subsystem no sogoteki kento to shuhen gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu seika hokokusho. Jidosha engine ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1976-05-10

This report summarizes the fiscal 1975 research results, and proposes the policy toward the future as follows. (1) Computational prediction on the future trend of hydrogen energy is active in the U.S.A. (2) For application of hydrogen derived from coal to transport, chemical synthesis of methane, methanol and gasoline from such hydrogen is in proposal because of difficult transport of LH{sub 2} or MH{sub 2}. (3) Complete run of Musashi Institute of Technology's LH{sub 2} passenger car in a long-distance rally, and trial run of Billings' MH{sub 2} minibus as challenge to practical use indicated new data, features and problems for hydrogen vehicles through experiences. (4) Conversion from a conventional soft-oriented attitude to a hard-oriented one is thus necessary. (5) Preparation of LH{sub 2} production facility is also necessary. (6) Stabilization of atomic hydrogen, expected various hydrides, and an H{sub 2}-O{sub 2}-water engine as new ideas are stimulating many researchers. (7) Study on gasoline cracking methods such as JPL is active. (8) Doubled cost of gasoline will probably promote practical use of hydrogen vehicles. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 research report on International Clean Energy Network using Hydrogen Conversion (WE-NET). Subtask 3. Prediction evaluation on a national scale; 1998 nendo suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) sub task. 3. Ikkoku kibo deno yosoku hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Japanese long-term energy demand and various energy use styles were simulated from the viewpoint of a profitability and environmental preservation, and hydrogen consumption was studied. In the research in fiscal 1998, the data on available primary energy was modified based on the upper limit of CO{sub 2} emission by COP3, and the long-term energy supply and demand outlook of Advisory Committee for Energy in June, 1998. The result of scenario analysis is as follows: (1) The reference scenario showed that reduction of a hydrogen price is indispensable to use imported hydrogen, (2) The carbon externality scenario showed that market penetration of hydrogen can be large if the carbon externality amounts to $300/t-C, (3) The high fossil fuel price scenario showed that a fossil fuel price (in particular, price of hydrocarbon) highly affects market penetration of hydrogen, and (4) The low nuclear capacity scenario suggested that a competitiveness of hydrogen is considerably improved as an energy supply-demand-balance is tight. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 report on results of joint demonstrative project for environmentally benign coal utilization system. Demonstrative project concerning coal preparation technology (China); 1999 nendo kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kyodo jissho jigyo seika hokokusho. Sentan gijutsu ni kakawaru jissho jigyo (Chugoku)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

This paper describes the demonstrative project for coal preparation technology, as a part of the measures against environmental pollution due to the structuring of demonstration and dissemination basis for clean coal technologies in China, The results for fiscal 1999 is reported. In the utilization of coal in China, a problem of urgency is the highly efficient selection and removal of sulfur contents in raw coal. Coal production in Chongquing City is yearly 30 million tons, of which 90% contains sulfur contents of 3% or higher. At Jinjia Colliery of Panjiang Coal and Electric Co. Ltd., Guizhou Province, a site for the present project, a number of coal seams are unsuitable for single utilization because of high sulfur contents. The coal preparation technologies to be introduced are expected to improve coal preparation efficiency and desulfurization ratio in terms of both the washability of raw coal and the accuracy of the coal washer. This is the third year of the project, with the following activities performed, namely, research/design, manufacturing/procurement of equipment, design for construction work, training of operators or the like, and documentation. The manufacturing and procurement are for such equipment as vacuum disk filter with accessories, waste water thickener, pressure filter for tailings with accessories, flocculant pump/piping, slurry tank/pump, high-shear mixer with accessories, and electric instrumentation. All the equipment arrived at the site in January, 2001. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the introductory study on the global environmental industry technology. Study of the technology to recycle organic waste as resource in the chemical industry; 1999 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu ni kakawaru sendo kenkyu seika hokokusho. Kagaku kogyo ni okeru yukisei haikibutsu no saishigenka gijutsu no kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

An investigational study was conducted of applicability/viability of the technology to recycle as resource the organic waste and CO2 discharged from the chemical industry, etc., and the FY 1999 results were summarized. As to the production of hydrogen from the organic waste, a bioreactor was developed which enables the production of hydrogen of 58 mmol/L/hr using Enterobactor aerogenes by the isolation bacteria method, and it successfully enabled the production of hydrogen from biomass resource. Further, the micro-flora method can be responded to a variety of substrates, but in this method the hydrogen production rate is not as high as in the isolation bacteria method at the present time. Concerning the method to convert CO2 to useful organic resource by the hydrogen produced, an experimental value of the maximum production rate of 149g/L/d which is high was obtained in case of acetic acid. Moreover, the paper described an outline and the basic concept of the recycle system of energy and carbon resource which integrates the production of energy from organic waste being considered at the present time and the production of useful matters from CO2. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1997 on the development of technologies for utilizing biological resources such as complex biosystems. Development of complex biosystem analyzing technology; 1997 nendo fukugo seibutsukei nado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Fukugo seibutsukei kaiseki gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The aim is to utilize the sophisticated functions of complex biosystems. In the research and development of technologies for effectively utilizing unexploited resources and substances such as seeweeds and algae, seaweeds are added to seawater to turn into a microbial suspension after the passage of two weeks, the suspension is next scattered on a carageenan culture medium, and then carageenan decomposing microbes are obtained. In the research and development of technologies for utilizing microbe/fauna-flora complex systems, technologies for exploring and analyzing microbes are studied. For this purpose, 48 kinds of sponges and 300 kinds of bacteria symbiotic with the sponges are sampled in Malaysia. Out of them, 15 exhibit enzyme inhibition and Artemia salina lethality activities. In the development of technologies for analyzing the functions of microbes engaged in the production of useful resources and substances for animals and plants, 150 kinds of micro-algae are subjected to screening using protease and chitinase inhibiting activities as the indexes, and it is found that an extract of Isochrysis galbana displays an intense inhibitory activity. The alga is cultured in quantities, the active component is isolated from 20g of dried alga, and its constitution is determined. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1999. Joint verification research on use for power generation of Omani superhigh-viscosity crude oil remaining unexploited; 1999 nendo Oman koku ni okeru miriyo chokonensei gen'yu no denryoku riyo ni kansuru kyodo jissho kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

A Mukhaizna oil field remains to be exploited in Oman, with an estimated reserve of 2.4-billion barrels of very heavy oil with an API (American Petroleum Institute) specific gravity of 15.3. The viscosity of the oil is so high as to be over 100-thousand cP (at 15 degrees C). The extremely high viscosity causes its exploitable rate to be so low as 3%, and makes shipment by pipeline quite difficult. In this survey, a method using water emulsion is proposed for viscosity reduction, which aims to reduce the Mukhaizna crude oil viscosity to 200mm2/s or less. In an experiment using the water emulsion method, oil is mixed with water at a rate of 72 to 28 in a shearing mixer for the production of a water emulsion of crude oil. It is found that a certain degree of stability is acquired using a surface active agent available on the market. Using this emulsion method, the crude oil is converted into a power generator fuel with a heating value of 6,775kcal/kg. The crude oil-turned product is a fine fuel superior to Orimulsion which is a fuel of the same type in terms of viscosity, amount of ash, and vanadium concentration. (NEDO)

FY 1997 report on the study on cryogenic aggregate target PLD process by multi-laser excitation for using gaseous materials; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (kitai genryo riyo no tame no taju laser reiki ni yoru gokuteion gyoshutai target PLD process ni kansuru kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This paper reports the result in fiscal 1995 of the study on PLD (pulse laser deposition) thin film formation process having been made since 1993. In fiscal 1995, the effect of irradiation of excimer laser and YGA(SHG) on ablation of aggregates of N2, CH4, Ar, Kr and Xe, and the effect of time-delayed irradiation of YGA(SHG) and KrF excimer laser on ablation of N2 aggregate were studied aiming at exciting ablation by cryogenic aggregate alone. Experimental results by a newly developed multi-laser excitation experiment equipment are as follows. Ablation was not caused by KrF excimer laser irradiation, while caused by YGA(SHG) irradiation. Ablation was caused by 1mm thick N2 or CH4 aggregate alone. Kr target was the most promising among rare gas solid targets expected as seed of ablation occurrence. Multi-irradiation showed a different ablation behavior as compared with single YGA(SHG) irradiation, and in some cases, multi-irradiation not increased scattering of particles. Time-delayed multi- irradiation (YGA(SHG) excitation after excimer excitation) was effective. 23 figs., 4 tabs.

Report on the research and development achievements in fiscal 1999 on the international research cooperation project for comprehensive development and utilization technologies for gas hydrate resources; 1999 nendo gas hydrate shigen no energy sogo kaihatsu riyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This paper reports the achievements in fiscal 1999 on development of gas hydrate resources. As a result of synthesizing gas hydrates in deposit systems, identifying stability zones in compositions, and studying thermal conductivity and dielectric constant of the deposits, the estimation accuracy has been enhanced steadily in estimating hydrate existing areas in actual frost areas. In the collecting technologies, a proposal was presented for a system by which carbon dioxide is introduced into ground beds at the same time as recovering gases, and gas hydrates are displaced with carbon dioxide hydrates. The displacement phenomenon was verified experimentally by controlling temperatures and pressures. Even below the freezing point, the production rate of the carbon dioxide hydrates is fast if it is above minus 4 degrees C. Salt diffusion behavior important in control of the production and decomposition, and action mechanisms of production and suppression agents were made clear microscopically. Experimental and theoretical discussions were given on dynamics of the production and decomposition. The cage occupation rate of methane hydrates was quantitatively measured successfully by using the Raman spectroscopy. Hydrates of gas mixture were utilized to have verified the possibility of separating the gas mixture constituents. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1975 Sunshine Project research report. General research on hydrogen energy subsystems and their peripheral technologies (Research on hydrogen gas turbine); 1975 nendo suiso riyo subsystem no sogoteki kento to shuhen gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu seika hokokusho. Suiso gas turbine ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1976-03-31

This research aims at establishment of the meaning of using hydrogen as gas turbine fuel in the hydrogen energy system and various conditions for hydrogen gas turbines, and approaches to the feasibility study and R and D of hydrogen gas turbines in the future. In fiscal 1975, researches were made on (1) feasibility study on hydrogen-oxygen gas turbine, (2) establishment of various conditions for technical, social and economic realization of hydrogen gas turbines in the total energy system, and (3) study on technical troubles to be solved for realization of hydrogen gas turbines. For the above researches, study was made on hydrogen combustion based on the hydrogen combustion test result of gas mixture including hydrogen, and on the feasibility of aphodid cycle. In addition, study on the applicability of hydrogen-oxygen gas turbines, comparative study on hydrogen-oxygen gas turbine, MHD power generation and fuel cell, and the future prospect of hydrogen gas turbines for ships were made to place this hydrogen gas turbine. (NEDO)

FY 1998 'The New Sunshine Project' leading R and D. Report on the results of the leading R and D of supercritical fluid utilization technology; 1998 nendo 'New Sunshine Keikaku' sendo kenkyu kaihatsu. Chorinkai ryutai riyo gijutsu sendo kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The paper reported the FY 1998 achievement of the supercritical fluid utilization leading R and D which started in FY 1997 on a 3-year plan. In the R and D, solvolysis reaction, oxidation reaction and hydrogenation reaction were taken up in the chemical process using supercritical fluid. In the study of solvolysis reaction, the basic data were obtained on decomposition conditions of thermoplastic and thermosetting plastics in supercritical water. Further, concerning the synthesis of environmental friendly type carbonate using CO2, a conversion rate of almost 100% was obtained. About the oxidation reaction, conditions were found out for burning low grade coal in supercritical water without emitting acid gas. This is considered to lead to a possibility of the supercritical water power generation. Relating to the hydrogenation reaction, a study was made on lightening technology of heavy distillate using supercritical water, and the conditions for effective emission of methane and hydrogen were found out. As to the base technology, a study was made of metal materials with high corrosion resistance against supercritical water. (NEDO)

Development of hot water utilizing power plant in fiscal 1999. Development of binary cycle power plant (Development of 10-MW class plant); 1999 nendo nessui riyo hatsuden plant to kaihatsu. Binary cycle hatsuden plant no kaihatsu (10MW kyu plant no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With an objective to utilize effectively middle to high temperature hot water type geothermal resources, R and D has been performed on a downhole pump-applied binary cycle power plant which exchanges heat energy with a secondary media in a heat exchanger, and generates electric power. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1999. This fiscal year has installed an operation control device and made partial modification therein for the hot water system testing device installed in the previous fiscal year, which was followed by test operation. Having been performed in addition were the installation of cooling water collection pumps, improvement of water storage tanks, modification of piping for injection of downhole pump cooling water, inspection of high-temperature cooling device and low-temperature cooling device, and discussions on deposits onto the downhole pumps. Furthermore, an environmental impact survey has performed measurements of precipitation, river flow rates, thermal spring, spring water, noise, and groundwater fluctuation. A survey was also carried out on transplantation of precious plants. In the single and overall test operation of the hot water system testing device, normal operation was identified. However, the operation had to be suspended because of a trouble in the downhole pump. (NEDO)

Indirect boundary element method on recursive matrix operation to compute waves in irregularly stratified media with infinitely extended interfaces. Perturbation by a point source; Kansetsu kyokai yosoho ni yoru fukisoku seiso kozochu no hadoba no keisanho. Tenshingen ni taisuru reference solution no riyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yokoi, T [Akita University, Akita (Japan). Mining College

1996-05-01

As a method of computation of wave fields in irregularly stratified media by use of the indirect boundary element method, an induction formula was proposed in a previous report, utilizing the reference solution representing the wave field in corresponding horizontally stratified media. This algorithm applies to other types of vibration source. In computation of a wave field with the focus in presence on the ground or in the ground, the algorithm is incorporated into the computation as a vector including the reference solution as a variable. There exists no need to modify the algorithm. Once the reference solution is obtained, the wave field in the irregularly stratified media is automatically constructed by the proposed algorithm. The wave field to be the reference solution to a point source in the horizontally stratified media, is determined when the solution is obtained of the frequency/wavenumber domain by use of the reflection/transmission matrix of Kennet (1983) and converted into the solution of the spatial domain by use of the discrete wavenumber representation of Bouchon and Aki (1977). 8 refs., 2 figs.

Fiscal 1997 survey report. Subtask 6 (hydrogen utilization worldwide clean energy system technology) (WE-NET) (development of technology of low temperature materials); 1997 nendo seika hokokusho. Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) subtask 6 teion zairyo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The paper described the results of the development of technology of low temperature materials in the fiscal 1997 WE-NET. Using experimental equipment for materials under the atmosphere of liquid hydrogen, an experiment on mechanical characteristics under the liquid hydrogen atmosphere (20K) was conducted of the base materials of candidate steels (SUS304L, SUS316L and A5083). In material evaluation experiments (tension/fracture toughness/fracture tests), characteristic behaviors of the materials were shown which are different from those shown in the environment of liquid He (4k), etc. Even if the amount of {delta} ferrite in the metal welded of the stainless steel is small, approximately 1%, the degradation of low temperature toughness occurred. Welded joints of stainless steel by submerged arc welding and MAG welding were in now way inferior in tension characteristic to those by TIG welding, but were inferior in toughness ranging from room temperature to extremely low temperature. As to aluminum alloys, materials excellent in extremely-low temperature toughness were able to be found. Under the low temperature hydrogen gas atmosphere, the lower the strain rate is, the higher the hydrogen brittleness susceptibility is around 220K (extremely large hydrogen brittleness temperature) (SUS304L). In the hydrogen gas of 100 atm, hydrogen invades the material at 100degC, but does not at 77k. 38 refs., 173 figs., 48 tabs.

Fiscal 1995 survey of the base arrangement promotion for foreign coal import. Investigation on the policy of coal demand stabilization using low grade coal; 1995 nendo kaigaitan yunyu kiban sokushin chosa. Teihin`itan riyo ni yoru sekitan jukyu anteika hosaku ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

The paper investigated the trend of and the needs for low grade coal utilization and the seeds of low grade coal utilization technology and studied usability of low grade coal in the future. Importance of low grade coal utilization was described in consideration of features of the Asia/Pacific area in the world coal market, and the trend of production/utilization of low grade coal was examined mostly in countries holding main low grade coals in the Asia/Pacific area. The trend of the technical development contributing to the low grade coal utilization was studied to make it contribute to the extraction of technologies which are regarded as effective in the Asia/Pacific area. A study was made of applicability of the low grade coal utilization technology corresponding to the needs for low grade coal utilization, and at the same time, a study was made of the effect on the coal supply/demand in the Asia/Pacific area in case the low grade coal utilization is promoted helped by the study. Focusing on technical cooperation relating to clean coal technology, a study was conducted of the trend of international cooperation in Japan and various overseas countries and the trend of new cooperation in private sectors, and a discussion was made on how Japan should act toward promotion of low grade coal utilization. 12 figs., 91 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 development of the geothermal water use power plant, etc. Development of the binary cycle power plant (10MW class plant); 1997 nendo nessui riyo hatsuden plant nado kaihatsu. Binary cycle hatsuden plant no kaihatsu (10MW kyu plant no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

A R and D was conducted with the aim of using medium-/high-temperature hot water type geothermal resources. In fiscal 1997, fabrication of geothermal water system testing equipment and geothermal water production/reduction piping installation work were conducted, and an environmental effect survey and ground water variation observation were carried out. Moreover, pumps to pump up geothermal water were fabricated. In the fabrication of a pump for No. 3 demonstration plant, the following improvements were made. Concerning the inlet undersea bearing, the shapes related to it were so reformed that external water feeding in the initial run can be done. Relating to the protection of the thrust bearing half load side friction face, a spring was added to the face so that it was structured to give preload. As a method to install a casing covering board, adopted was a band installation method which is easy in handling. The number of instrumentation cables was reduced. As to cables for downhole pumps, studied were methods of connection, etc. of connection portions of the motor connector and instrumentation cable. Moreover, purifying/regeneration facilities of the downhole pump bearing oil were fabricated and tested. 85 figs., 57 tabs.

Report on investigations in fiscal 2000 on the basic investigation on promotion of joint implementation. Project to utilize coal bed methane gas for power generation in Poland; 2000 nendo kyodo jisshi nado suishin kiso chosa hokokusho. Poland tanko methane gas hatsuden riyo keikaku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Having the Mining Industry Restructuring Public Corporation located in the city of Katowice, Poland as the counterpart, a feasibility study has been executed on a project to utilize coal bed gas for power generation. Selected for the study are the 'Budryk coal mine' owned by KWK 'Budryk' Coal Company and the 'Pniowek coal mine' owned by Jastrzebie Coal Company. Since the Pniowek coal mine can utilize the whole quantity of recovered methane by 2001, the Budryk coal mine was selected as the object of the project. As a result of the trial calculation on the economy when the new gas power plant is installed in the Budryk coal mine, the energy substitution effect was found to equal to a power amount at transmission terminal of 6 MWh/year. Furthermore, when proliferation effect is taken into consideration, an enormous effect can be expected if new coal mines are developed and the existing cola mines will go further deeper, because the Silesian coal mine presently has the coal resource quantity of 57 billion tons and the annual gas discharge quantity of 750 million m{sup 3}. Therefore, if the technologies to recover, manage and utilize the gas are established at the Budryk coal mine, a large effect leading to an aspiration would be expected under the current situation of the structural reorganization under which the Polish coal companies are placed. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the basic survey to promote Joint Implementation, etc. Project on methane gas recovery use in the Donetsk coal field/coal mine; 2000 nendo kyodo jisshi nado suishin kiso chosa hokokusho. Donetsk tanden tanko methane gas kaishu riyo keikaku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of getting petroleum substitution energy and reducing greenhouse effect gas emission, an investigational study was carried out of the project for methane gas recovery/utilization at the Donbassa coal mine in Ukraine. At the Donbassa coal mine, degassing by test boring is being conducted to reduce the gas emission at coal face for safety, but most of the gas is discharged into the air. In this project, the following were studied: degassing boring/gas induction from bore hole/measurement in gas induction pipe, gas recovery system combined with gas induction in flyash, and installation/operation of gas engine power generation facilities (1,710kW x 7 units) with exhaust heat recovery boiler using the recovered methane gas as fuel. The results obtained were the petroleum substitution amount of 31,000 toe/y and the amount of greenhouse effect gas reduction of 480,000 t/y. In the economical estimation, the initial investment amount was 3 billion yen, the profitability of the total investment used was 2.9%, and the internal earning rate was 6.5%. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 R and D report on femtosecond technology (power generation facility monitoring system using high- intensity X-ray pulse); 1998 nendo femuto byo technology no kenkyu kaihatsu (kokido X senb pulse riyo hatsuden shisetsu monitoring system no kenkyu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This report reports the fiscal 1998 R and D result of Femtosecond Technology Research Association (FESTA) supported by NEDO. For creation of industrial basic technologies supporting the advanced information society in the 21st century, ultra-high speed electronics technology including new functions beyond the speed limit of conventional electronics technologies is indispensable. From such viewpoint, this R and D aims at establishment of the basic technology controlling conditions of beams and electrons in a femtosecond (10{sup -15}-10{sup -12} seconds) region. In development of the titled system, this R and D aims at generation of high-intensity X-ray pulse by interaction between femtosecond light pulse and high-density electron beam pulse, and development of measurement technology (non- stop inspection) of high-speed moving objects using such X- ray pulse. In fiscal 1998, this project succeeded in time stabilization of laser oscillators at a 100fs level and generation of low-emittance electron beam pulse through development of ultra-short pulse synchronization, laser stabilization and electron beam pulse generation technologies. (NEDO)

Worldwide clean energy system technology using hydrogen (WE-NET). subtask 8. Research and development of hydrogen combustion turbines (evaluation of the optimum system); Suiso riyo kokusai energy system gijutsu (WE-NET). subtask 8. Suiso nensho turbine no kenkyu kaihatsu (saiteki system no hyoka)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Based on the proposed cycle of each contractor, conceptual design of 500 MW class hydrogen combustion turbine power generation plant has been completed through its economic examination. The optimum system has been evaluated on the basis of the conceptual design. For the conceptual design of power generation plant, the gross power generation efficiencies based on HHV of topping regenerating cycle and new Rankine cycle proved to be 61.8% and 61.7%, respectively, which exceed the target efficiency 60%. Economic consideration proved that the construction cost of each cycle will be as the same as that of the current combined cycle power generation plant. The development problem, development step and development cost have become clear. Examination on the reliability proved that the operation reliability of each cycle will be as the same as that of the current combined cycle power generation plant. Examination on the plant layout proved that the conservation of space for each system will be smaller than that of current combined cycle power generation plant. Environmental examination confirmed that each system is very clean power generation system. For the evaluation proposed by each company, the total points of each system became in the order, topping regeneration cycle, new Rankine cycle, and Rankine cycle with reheat and recuperation. 112 figs., 44 tabs.

Fiscal 1980 Sunshine Project research report. Development of hydrothermal power plant (Development of binary cycle power plant). Supplement. Research on plant technology; 1980 nendo nessui riyo hatsuden plant no kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Binary cycle hatsuden palnt no kaihatsu bessatsu (plant gijutsu kenkyu chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1981-03-01

Research was made on new geothermal power plant technologies such as downhole pump and dual boiler for development of the 10MW class binary cycle power plant using geothermal energy. In heat cycle calculation of dual boilers, the cycle performance of a subcritical multi-stage evaporation cycle with R-114 heat medium was obtained through cycle calculation, heat conduction calculation and profitability calculation. The calculation result suggested possible considerable reduction of heat loss due to heat exchange at a preheater and evaporator, and considerable reduction of discharge loss of hot water by such multi-stage evaporation cycle. In American, every geothermal binary cycle power plant adopts pressurized heat exchange between hot water and heat medium by using downhole pumps, and pressurized reinjection of hot water into the ground. Since downhole pump itself not yet satisfies its requirements enough, it is said that Department of Energy is now under consideration on the future R and D. (NEDO)

Investigation on application of coal ash, lime and gypsum-based compositions. ; Development of technology to utilize and dispose of used desulfurizing agnet. Sekitanbaiter dot sekkaiter dot sekkokei soseibutsu no oyo ni kansuru chosa. ; Shiyozumi datsuryu zai no riyo shori gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mori, K. (The Hokkaido Electric Power Co. Inc., Sapporo (Japan))

1991-11-20

This paper describes the result of an investigation by testing on re-utilizing the used desulfurizing agent discharged from a thermal power plant as a sludge disposer and a deodorant. The used desulfurizing agent used in the test is a nearly neutral substance composed mainly of SiO{sub 2} and CaSO{sub 4}. The paper describes that the tested agent has a character to solidify when added with water, and the solidified substance made from the agent added into a sludge is nearly neutral and usable in the similar manner as in the commercially available sludge solidifying materials. The paper also reports that in a field test for applying this tested agent to cover the sludge surface, a marked effect of improving water quality was recognized, including the increased water transparency. It also states that the tested agent absorbs ammonia actively, and that as a result of investigating its applicability as a deodorant for pet excreta odors, the agent can be handled more easily than the commercially available deodorants and has a deodorizing effect equivalent to or better than them. 4 refs., 7 figs., 6 tabs.

Subsidy project in fiscal 1999 to accelerate forming an environment harmonizing energy community. Report on the survey on energy supply investigation project by using a wastes electric power generation system in wide city and village area in the Joso area; Joso chiho koiki shichosonken ni okeru haikibutsu hatsuden ni yoru energy kyokyu chosa jigyo hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Discussions were given on the feasibility of a project to be performed jointly by the Business Bureau of the Ibaraki Prefectural Government who takes charge of the wastes electric power generation project, and the Joso Area Wide City and Village Area Affair Association who performs refuse disposal project. The basic plan for the system may be summarized as follows: the gasification melting furnace shall have a capacity of 420 tons per day, discharge concentrations of dioxins shall be 0.01 ng-TEQ/m{sup 3} or less, the power generation system shall be the steam high-temperature high-pressure system, the power generation efficiency shall be 25%, and the electric power generation takes priority, with the steam after power generation use utilized for heat supply. The evaluation on the effect of introducing the project can be summarized as follows: in the social aspect, the execution of the joint project is safe and effective for the residents and society; it contributes to activation of the areas and assistance to the regional activities; correspondence will be possible to the tighter enforcement of the laws and regulations in the future; in the environmental aspect, discharge of carbon dioxide, sulfur oxides, and dioxins can be suppressed; and in the economic aspect, the ultimate disposal quantity in refuse treatment will be reduced greatly, serving for saving the treatment expense, and the refuse treatment cost may be reduced by assuring the earning from selling the electric power. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 survey report on rationalization project for international energy conservation, technological dissemination project for international energy conservation, and Green Helmet Project. Japan-China alternative energy seminar/waste disposal; 2000 nendo kokusai energy shiyo gorika nado taisaku jigyo, kokusai energy shohi koritsuka nado gijutsu fukyu jigyo, green helmet jigyo chosa hokokusho. Nicchu sekiyu daitai energy seminar haikibutsu shori

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

This paper explains the Japan-China alternative energy seminar (February 28 and March 1, 2001, at Beijing). The purpose of the seminar is to introduce systematic and three-dimensional or land/sea/air measures for waste disposal including recycling in Japan, to provide guidance of measures in improving recognition and methods for waste disposal in China, and also to contribute to the dissemination and promotion of a model project for effectively utilizing waste heat from rubbish incineration, a project being implemented in Harbin City now. The activities of NEDO were introduced, with emphasis placed on a model program, called Green Aid Project, for managing heat from waste incineration. On the subjects of sustainable development, urban environment, and energy, the policy of China's tenth five-year plan was demonstrated, and the treatment of wastes in China was also explained. The present state of waste processing in Japan was introduced, as was its maintenance of the facilities. Concerning Japan's waste processing technologies and characteristics of the equipment, there were presented non-incineration processing including crushing/separating, RDF, compost, methane fermentation, etc.; incineration plants; and each of the technologies such as combustion, exhaust gas, ash treatment, use of remaining heat, and gasification melting. (NEDO)

Report on a project to support promotion of forming an environmentally friendly energy community. Survey on an environmentally friendly community business by means of high-efficiency wastes power generation system in the Toyota-Kamo wide area; Kankyo chowagata energy community keisei sokushin hojo jigyo chosa hokokusho. Toyota Kamo koikiken kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden kankyo chowagata energy community jigyo chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Taking the Toyota-Kamo wide area as the object, wastes power generation is positioned over the society system as worked on by administrations and operators integrally to incinerate mixedly those incineratable materials such as plastics among general and industrial combustible wastes for high-efficiency generation of power, which is supplied to electric utility operators as surplus power. Discussions were given on the business feasibility and the effectiveness as a society system. In this area, the mixed model B plan (dealing with general wastes plus industrial wastes) was evaluated as an effective plan as the society system. This is because the plan has effect to incinerate, melt and generate power from industrial wastes which have been used for land-fill, effect of improving the power generation efficiency, and effectiveness of mixed treatment with general wastes. The plan A in which general wastes are made into RDF, then incinerated mixedly with industrial wastes for power generation was evaluated to have high reliability potential of power supply and to be an effective plan as a society system, if effect can be expected to reduce transportation energy as a result of making the system large enough and turning wastes into RDF. (NEDO)

Report on survey project for demonstration of warm sea water bathing facilities using unutilized resources such as wastes in islands by carbonizing them into energy; 2001 nendo kankyo chowa gata energy community field test jigyo chosa hokokusho. Rito ni okeru haikibutsu tou mikatsuyo shigen no tanka energyka no kaisui on'yoku shisetsu heno jissho chosa jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2002-05-01

Surveys and discussions have been performed in Yuge Town in Ehime Prefecture for aiming at promotion of district development and zero emission in islands by carbonizing general wastes (household refuses and business operation wastes) and bamboos in the islands to utilize their energies as a substitute for the heat source of the warm sea water bathing facilities, as well as utilizing the produced carbides as soil improving materials or deodorants. The surveys were performed on bamboo carbonizing and gas carbonizing technologies, energy utilization feasibility, analysis of wastes composition, and identification of quantity of bamboos in existence. In discussing the energy utilization system by means of carbonization, it was revealed that the introduction of the bamboo carbonizing and gas carbonizing technologies can sufficiently satisfy the heat demand of the Yuge Town community facilities, although the amount of heat that can be supplied may vary because of difference in the technical processes. Also with regard to the problems of dioxins contained in the discharged gas and the problems of heavy metals contained in the carbides, it was discovered that different environmental criteria can be met as evidenced by the existing demonstration data. (NEDO)

Development in fiscal 1998 of technology to put solar systems for industrial use into practical use. International joint technology development for solar energy utilization systems; 1998 nendo sangyoyo nado solar system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyo energy riyo system kokusai kyodo gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The solar energy utilizing technologies having been developed under the Sunshine Project were used to have executed the international joint technology development on the 'solar heat utilizing drying system' in the Republic of Indonesia. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1998. In operating the pilot plant, three operational experiments out of seven experiments were carried out only by Indonesian engineers. As a result of the drying experiments, the heat collecting characteristics of the collector were as about half at 19 to 30% as the efficiency assumed in the design of 50%. The reason for this can be attributed to the fact that the cover glass used in the demonstration test in Japan had light permeability of about 87%, but the cover glass used in the test plant was made of frosted glass whose light permeability was about 37%. This glass is the only glass available for a heat collector in the solar heat hot water device in Indonesia, but is unsuitable for the heat collector. Another cause was that the insolation at the site was lower by about 30% than the one used at the design stage. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 survey report. Subtask 3 (hydrogen utilization worldwide clean system technology) (WE-NET) (total system conceptual design/safety measures/evaluation technology); 1997 nendo seika hokokusho. Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) subtask 3 zentai system gainen sekkei - anzen taisaku hyoka gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Concerning the study of safety measures in WE-NET, the paper described the fiscal 1997 results. For drawing up a policy for safety design, technology of preserving hydrogen at high temperature/pressure, continuing collecting information on existing plants (liquid hydrogen, LNG). Investigating manuals of NASA and NASDA and also referring to people`s opinions at chemical plants, etc., the study entered into the setting-up of the safety policy and design standards. Examples of anomalies/accidents were extracted, and classification/arrangement were commenced of the measures for anomalies of detection/prevention/protection. Toward the diffusion of hydrogen and the enhancement and unification of explosion/fire simulation models, the extraction of problems has been almost finished. The second mini work shop on safety was held in the U.S., and exchanges of information were made among researchers of each country. All agreed on the importance of collecting data as the base of safety standards. As to safety measures in various tests using combustor evaluation experimental facilities, experimental equipment for materials under liquid hydrogen and experimental equipment of thermal insulation under liquid hydrogen, problems were extracted between researchers and people concerned with safety measures, and the measures to solve them were studied. 18 refs., 31 figs., 10 tabs.

Development in fiscal 1998 of technology to put solar systems for industrial use into practical use. International joint technology development for solar energy utilization systems; 1998 nendo sangyoyo nado solar system jitsuyoka gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Taiyo energy riyo system kokusai kyodo gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The solar energy utilizing technologies having been developed under the Sunshine Project were used to have executed the international joint technology development on the 'solar heat utilizing drying system' in the Republic of Indonesia. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1998. In operating the pilot plant, three operational experiments out of seven experiments were carried out only by Indonesian engineers. As a result of the drying experiments, the heat collecting characteristics of the collector were as about half at 19 to 30% as the efficiency assumed in the design of 50%. The reason for this can be attributed to the fact that the cover glass used in the demonstration test in Japan had light permeability of about 87%, but the cover glass used in the test plant was made of frosted glass whose light permeability was about 37%. This glass is the only glass available for a heat collector in the solar heat hot water device in Indonesia, but is unsuitable for the heat collector. Another cause was that the insolation at the site was lower by about 30% than the one used at the design stage. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1975 Sunshine Project research report. General research on hydrogen energy subsystems and their peripheral technologies (Research on peripheral technologies around hydrogen); 1975 nendo suiso riyo subsystem no sogoteki kento to shuhen gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu seika hokokusho. Suiso no shuhen gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1976-03-01

This report summarizes the fiscal 1975 research result on peripheral and seed technologies for hydrogen energy systems. Chapter 1 'Evaluation method for thermochemical techniques' reports critical study on qualitative evaluation method, estimation method for thermal efficiencies, and trial cost calculation example. Chapter 2 'Current state and problems of water electrolysis and hybrid technique composed of electrolysis and thermochemical technique' reports general survey on current water electrolysis and new technologies under development to clarify possible electrolytic voltage drop, from the practical viewpoint. Chapter 3 'Use of a high- temperature gas cooling reactor for hydrogen production' reports survey on the current and future reactors, and characteristics of such nuclear reactors, from the viewpoint that study on thermochemical technique is dependent on use of a high-temperature gas cooling reactor. Chapter 4 'Hydrogen transport and storage technology using organic compounds including oxygen' reports that acetone-isopropanol system is better for hydrogen storage. Chapter 5 'Water electrolysis using photo-semiconducting electrode' reports the additional survey. (NEDO)

Achievement report on research and development of basic technologies for the next generation industries in fiscal 1981. Research and development of a recombinant DNA utilizing technology; 1981 nendo jisedai sangyo kiban gijutsu itaku kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kumikae DNA riyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

Achievements were compiled on the research in fiscal 1981 on the 'research and development of a recombinant DNA utilizing technology', which has been performed according to the 'institution for research and development of basic technologies for the next generation industries'. For the method to create energy saving type bacteria stocks for processes centering around the escherichia coli, refinement was carried out on cytochrome P-450 and NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reduction enzyme respectively from hepatic microsome of rats administered with induction agents. Attempts were made to prepare antibodies working on them. For the method to create high-efficiency secreting bacteria stocks centering around bacillus subtilis, activity measurement and quantification were performed on enzymes external to the bacillus sutilis, and research was executed on introduction of neutral protease gene sensitive to bacillus subtilis temperatures into the NA20-S17 stock. For the method to create bacteria stocks to substitute raw materials used in the chemical industry, studies were performed on separation of enzymes and corresponding genes, and incorporation of the genes into the escherichia coli. In the comprehensive investigation and research on the recombinant DNA utilizing technology, information exchange and discussions meetings were held, and investigations were made on literatures and patents. (NEDO)

Hydrogen utilization international clean energy system technology (WE-NET). Subtask 8. Research and development of hydrogen combustion turbines (development of ultra-high temperature materials); Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system (WE-NET). Subtask 8. Suiso nensho turbine no kenkyu kaihatsu chokoon zairyo no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The paper described the result of the fiscal 1996 development of ultra-high temperature materials for parts of hydrogen combustion turbines, as part of the hydrogen utilization technology, which have excellent environmental protectivity and remarkably high efficiency. By the optimized solution heat treatment of monocrystal alloy developed in the previous fiscal year, obtained was strength property the same as the existing super alloys. As to FRC, pore size and strength property of SiC organic hybrid were made clear. ODS alloy cooling blades and heat insulation coating were studied, and YSZ was found to be most excellent as coating material. Concerning intermetallic compounds, the applicability to ultra-high temperatures up to 1700degC was not obtained. For improvement of heat resistance and environment resistance, adopted were highly compacting SiC matrix and BN coatings. Al2O3 was excellent in long-time stability. In the 1600degC steam corrosion test on multiplex structural materials with Al2O3 as surface material, chemical stability was confirmed. Three-dimensional woven fiber reinforced composite materials of C/C{center_dot}CMC were trially produced by changing the fiber orientation, and improvement in ultra-high temperature thermal shock resistance was confirmed. A study was made of spot observation of the specimen surface by laser microscope, and development was conducted of a temperature measuring method with no influence of radiant heat. 44 refs., 250 figs., 40 tabs.

Fiscal 1999 hydrogen utilization international clean energy system technology (WE-NET). Phase 2 R and D (Task 1. Survey/study concerning system evaluation); 1999 nendo suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) dainiki kenkyu kaihatsu. Task 1. System hyoka ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

With the aim of formulating a strategy for introducing hydrogen, assessment was carried out on the energy consumption, environmental impacts and cost effiectiveness concerning various hydrogen utilization systems. In regard to soda-electrolysis by-product hydrogen and coke-oven by-product hydrogen, hydrogen supply capacity and cost effectiveness were evaluated. As a result, the two systems were found to have an annual hydrogen supply capacity of 11.52 GNm{sup 3} in total. As to the cost effectiveness, transportation by pipeline was 34 yen/Nm{sup 3}-H{sub 2} in the case of soda-electrolysis by-product hydrogen, and 40 yen/Nm{sup 3}-H{sub 2} in the case of coke-oven by-product hydrogen. An estimated cost of power generation showed 56 yen to 67 yen/kWh in such a system on remote islands as replacing diesel power generation by wind power generation, storing part of the electric energy produced in the form of hydrogen through water electrolysis, and using it as fuel for power generation by the fuel cell unit if wind conditions are unfavorable. Power generation cost on remote islands at present is sometimes in excess of 50 yen/kWh; therefore, this combined system showed promising results. The cost of using wooden biomass was estimated to be 51,000 yen/TOE , whose competitiveness is uncertain. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the study of the generative utilization basement technology of environmental friendly type metal base materials. Element/comprehensive process study; 1999 nendo kankyo chowagata kinzokukei sozai kaisei riyo kiban gijutsu no kenkyu seika hokokusho. Yoso sogo process kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The R and D have been conducted since FY 1991 on the process in which scraps can be used with no reduction energy required in iron-making stage, and the results of FY 1999, the final fiscal year, were summarized. In the assessment study of the comprehensive system, a full scale of experiment was carried out of the experimental plant which was completed in March 1998. In this fiscal year, experiment was conducted on converter type and fixed bed type as preheating/melting method. As a result, the energy unit requirement, productivity, etc. which were targeted at first were obtained, and the experimental results expected at first were obtained on scrap preheating/melting technology/exhaust gas treatment. Moreover, the FS using the actual system was conducted, and the following conclusions were acquired: melting use primary energy decreased by more than 25% from that in the existing electric furnace; it is possible to arbitrarily select power loads at 80%-30% the same as those in the existing furnace; new melting method is more excellent in primary energy reduction than in advanced electric furnace as of FY 1999; it is possible to reduce primary energy by 25% also in the case of operating iron-melting in converter type and shaft type. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the project for promotion of clean coal technology. Survey of overseas trends of technology to use hydrocarbon base energy such as coal; 2000 nendo clean coru technology suishin jigjyo. Sekitan tou tankasuiso kei energy riyo gijutsu ni kansuru kaigai doko chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For contributing to the study on the comprehensive development of technology to use hydrocarbon resource such as coal in Japan, survey was conducted of trends of supply/demand, policy, utilization technology, etc. of hydrocarbon base energy such as coal in developed countries such as the U.S., European countries, etc. Proved coal reserves in the world are 980 billion tons, and years of mining are 230. The resource amount of coal is more than those of oil and natural gas. In the U.S., the budget was largely cut in the 1990s because of the financial deficit, but the R and D are being promoted of power plant being aimed at substantial reduction in emissions of NOx, SOx, etc. and reduction in cost. European countries are tackling the technical development of petroleum substituting energy and the verification/commercialization. As to the clean coal technology, every country is making the technical development for coal liquefaction/gasification. Relating to the natural gas technology, studies are being made of GTL, coal bed methane, shale gas, methane hydrate, etc. The energy conversion use of waste, technical development of biomass energy, etc. were also being carried out. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 R and D project on industrial technology. Development report on use technology of bioresources such as bioconsortia (Development of analysis technology of bioconsortia); 1998 nendo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Fukugo seibutsukeinado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu (fukugo seibutsukei kaiseki gijutsu no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

For use of advanced functions of bioconsortia (complex microorganisms composed of more than 2 microorganisms with certain specific function), this project analyzes specific functions of specific organisms and the interaction between the specific functions, and develops isolation and incubation technologies of component organisms. In fiscal 1998, to promote this project, the meetings were held frequently in National Institute of Bioscience and human Technology. Study was made on production of useful substances and useful degradation functions in association with bioconsortia. The result showed that microorganisms coexisting with nematode produced physiologically active substances exhibiting antimicrobial activities to tubercle bacillus, MRSA and others, microorganisms coexisting in eggs of some insects produced substances having antiviral activities and activities against pathogenic bacteria in a plant, and microorganisms growing in some plants or mycorrhiza organisms produced insecticidal substances or growing-promoting substance. The basic understanding was obtained on cooperative actions of bioconsortia to bioremediation and degradation of organic substances. (NEDO)

Achievement report on research and development of basic technologies for the next generation industries in fiscal 1981. Research and development of a recombinant DNA utilizing technology; 1981 nendo jisedai sangyo kiban gijutsu itaku kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kumikae DNA riyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1982-03-01

Achievements were compiled on the research in fiscal 1981 on the 'research and development of a recombinant DNA utilizing technology', which has been performed according to the 'institution for research and development of basic technologies for the next generation industries'. For the method to create energy saving type bacteria stocks for processes centering around the escherichia coli, refinement was carried out on cytochrome P-450 and NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reduction enzyme respectively from hepatic microsome of rats administered with induction agents. Attempts were made to prepare antibodies working on them. For the method to create high-efficiency secreting bacteria stocks centering around bacillus subtilis, activity measurement and quantification were performed on enzymes external to the bacillus sutilis, and research was executed on introduction of neutral protease gene sensitive to bacillus subtilis temperatures into the NA20-S17 stock. For the method to create bacteria stocks to substitute raw materials used in the chemical industry, studies were performed on separation of enzymes and corresponding genes, and incorporation of the genes into the escherichia coli. In the comprehensive investigation and research on the recombinant DNA utilizing technology, information exchange and discussions meetings were held, and investigations were made on literatures and patents. (NEDO)

Development of hot water utilizing power plant in fiscal 1998. Development of a binary cycle power generation plant (development of a 10-MW class plant); 1998 nendo nessui riyo hatsuden plant nado kaihatsu. Binary cycle hatsuden plant no kaihatsu (10MW kyu plant no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1998 on developing a 10-MW geothermal power plant in the Hohi-Sugawara area being a representative area of middle-to-high temperature hot water resources. In designing the plant, domestic and overseas surveys were carried out on media suitable for binary cycle power plants, thermal cycle characteristics, construction cost, environmental effects, safety, operation, maintenance and control. Latest technologies were also surveyed and analyzed. The plant construction performed development construction around the testing devices, new construction of a plant control room building, constructions for installing electrical machines including the hot water system testing devices, river water intake facility construction, and cooling water intake facility installing construction. The environmental effect investigation included investigations on rain falls, river flow rates, hot springs, spring water, monitoring during the construction, and the state of transplantation of precious plants, and observation on groundwater variation. In verifying the geothermal water pumping system, factory tests were carried out on DHP3 demonstration machine which couples the pump section of a down-hole pump with the motor section, whose performance and functions were verified. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 phase 2 R and D report of WE-NET (International Clean Energy Network Using Hydrogen Conversion). Task 10. Development of low-temperature materials; 1999 nendo suiso riyo kokusai clean energy gijutsu (WE-NET) dainiki kenkyu kaihatsu. Task 10. Teion zairyo no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This report summarizes the fiscal 1999 research result on material property test under liquid hydrogen environment, and development of optimum welding material and welding technique for the WE-NET plan. In the study on material properties in a liquid hydrogen temperature range, fatigue strength tests of base metals and weld metals were conducted under liquid hydrogen environment continuously, and further fatigue data were collected. As a result, it was clarified that both SUS304L and SUS316L have extremely high fatigue strength. To improve the tenacity of candidate weld metals under liquid hydrogen environment, material tests of welds were conducted on the laser-welded stainless steel joint and friction stir- welded Al alloy joint prepared by TWI (The Welding Institute) in the U.K. The laser-welded stainless steel joint showed higher low-temperature tenacity and lower ductility than TIG- welded joints. The friction stir-welded Al alloy joint showed extremely improved tensile strength and tenacity in a liquid hydrogen temperature range. For the low-temperature material database, both addition of new data and improvement of software were promoted. (NEDO)

FY 1999 Feasibility study on the environmentally-friendly coal utilization systems. Green Helmet Project (Circulating fluidized bed boiler Zaozhuang, Shangdong Province, China); 1999 nendo kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa jigyo seika hokokusho. Green helmet jigyo (junkan ryudosho boiler Chugoku Shangdong sho Zaozhuang)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The demonstration project is carried out in at Chaili coal mine in Shangdong Province, China for installation of and dissemination activities for circulating fluidized bed boilers to abate sulfur oxide emissions associated with utilization of coal, and the FY 1999 results are reported. The operating conditions were reviewed, and some recommendations were made for improving the operation procedures. Limestone was not used for desulfurization, and furnace temperature tended to increase due to increased size of the fluidizing particles. Therefore, it was recommended to use limestone at the design rate. The boiler was operated at a load exceeding the design level, and it was recommended to limit the load viewed from extending serviceability. The boiler start-up procedure was concretely proposed to use a mixed fuel of wood and coal instead of distillate oil, in order to reduce the start-up cost. The recommendations and design support activities for improving facilities included early stage repair of the damaged refractories. For build up of the ashes in the horizontal heat transfer section, the investigated design charts for improvement by installation of ash-discharging hopper were drawn and proposed. Maintenance-related information was given, including Chinese agencies for obtaining auxiliary facilities. (NEDO)

FY 1998 annual summary report on International Clean Energy Network Using Hydrogen Conversion (WE-NET) system technology. Subtask 6. Development of cryogenic temperature materials technologies; 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) subtask 6 (teion zairyo gijutsu no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Summarized herein are the cryogenic temperature materials technologies for the International Clean Energy Network Using Hydrogen Conversion (WE-NET) project, developed in FY 1998. The R and D programs have been implemented continuously since 1994. For stainless steel, the base and TIG weld metals were evaluated for their material characteristics in liquid hydrogen. The items investigated included the influences of hydrogen charge, 20% of stretch working on the base metal, welding methods, and ?-ferrite content on the characteristics. Fatigue strength of the base metal was found to increases as temperature decreases, but remain unchanged in a range from 20 to 77K. No significant difference was observed between 304L and 316L. For aluminum alloy, mechanical characteristics, centered by fatigue characteristics, were investigated for the base and weld metals. The sample of higher tensile strength showed a higher fatigue strength, at room temperature, 77 and 4K. The other tested items investigated included embrittlement characteristics in a hydrogen atmosphere, phase transformation, hydrogen diffusion and fracture toughness, for establishing the databases of cryogenic temperature materials. (NEDO)

FY 1998 report on the results of the development of the utilization technology of biological resources such as bioconsortia. Development of the consortium based analysis technology; 1998 nendo fukugo seibutsukei nado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Fukugo seibutsukei kaiseki gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For the purpose of establishing the analysis technology and industrial utilization technology required for the establishment of the utilization technology of consortia's high functions which are already used in the fermentation technology field over the limit of the conventional bio-technology using functions of single biological species, study was made to look for the consortium based analysis technology by which the consortium base can be analyzed as it is using the molecular biological method. Studies were made in the following four fields: 1) new identification technology of eucaryote using II DNA topoisomerase genes (PCR amplification method of II DNA topoisomerase genes); 2) method to detect new recognition peptide activated microorganism (adjustment of cortical antigen); 3) technology to elucidate detection/response mechanism of the specific environment and adaptation/resistance mechanism of the specific environment; 4) incubation method inside 3D matrices. In 3), studies were made of the analysis of inhibition mechanism of korormicin and separation of solvent-resistant oil degradable bacteria. In 4), for the settlement and dynamic analysis of microorganism consortium by studying incubation conditions, conducted was the molecular system analysis of bacteria and eumycetes inhabiting in sponge. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 achievement report on project for research and development of intelligent infrastructure creation and utilization technologies. Research and development of reference materials for polymers; 2000 nendo chiteki kiban sose riyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo seika hokokusho. Kobunshi ni kansuru hyojun busshitsu no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

As one of the efforts to establish national reference materials at an accelerated pace in a concentrated manner, a comprehensive survey was conducted on reference materials for polymers, and research and research was conducted for the development of such. In the comprehensive survey, investigations were made into the actual use of reference materials for polymers and their management at private-sector enterprises and public research institutes in Japan and at research bodies in the U.S. and Canada. In the development of reference materials for polymers, a procedure was contrived for synthesizing monodisperse oligostyrene specimens, polymerization was carried out using an improved synthetic method, and molecular weight distribution was analyzed. Using a homogeneous oligostyrene reference material for calibration, the mean molecular weight of an oligostyrene reference material was accurately evaluated by size-excluded chromatography. In the case of a specimen with its mean molecular weight not more than 1,000, the result exhibited excellent agreement with what supercritical fluid chromatography indicated. In the development of reference materials for characteristics evaluation, this in relation to methods for evaluating thermomechanical characteristics of plastics, efforts were made to develop reference materials for evaluating dynamic viscosity/elasticity of solid plastics. (NEDO)

Research report of FY 1997 on the environmentally acceptable coal utilization system feasibility survey. Clean coal technology model project seminar held in Thailand; 1997 nendo seika hokokusho. Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa (Tai ni okeru clean coal technology model jigyo seminar no kaisai)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-02-01

To reduce SOx with coal utilization, the desulfurization seminar diffusing the demonstration project of simplified desulfurizer introduction was held at the site in Thailand. The purpose is to reduce the environmental pollutants and contribute to the effective utilization of energy with coal utilization in Thailand. Invitation letters were sent to users of coal and heavy oil boilers through the Department of Factories, Ministry of Industry, Thailand, to call participation in the seminar. Inspection of the desulfurizer introduced in the factory of Thai Union Paper Public was included in the seminar for diffusing the project. The inspection site is in the demonstration project site of simplified desulfurizer introduction. There were a lot of participants from Thai users and from Japan. The seminar included the presentations from NEDO, JETRO, FTI, and MOSTE, introduction of general technology for processes of ENAA desulfurizer, introduction of demonstration unit plan by IHI, and introduction of operation of demonstration unit by TUP. 31 figs., 6 tabs.

Fiscal 1999 hydrogen utilization international clean energy system technology (WE-NET). Phase 2 R and D (Task 8) - development of hydrogen production technology; 1999 nendo suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) dainiki kenkyu kaihatsu. Task 8. Suiso seizo gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

R and D was conducted with the view of establishing hydrogen production technology based on the solid high polymer electrolyte water electrolysis method, which presumably offers higher efficiency and lower cost than conventional methods. This year, as well as implementing development of large-scale cell lamination (electrode area 2,500 cm{sup 2}, 10 cells) by using two hydrogen production methods (electroless plating method and hot press method), work was started for developing cells (electrode area 1,000 cm{sup 2}) for hydrogen stations. In the research on longterm durability improvement, with a 50 cm{sup 2} membrane electrolyte or cell, the evaluation test results were obtained of stable electrolytic performance showing more than 93% energy efficiency after 400 hour operation, under the conditions with electrolysis pressure 0.4MPa and electrolysis temperature 120 degree C. In a test of 1,000 cm{sup 2} prototype cell for hydrogen stations, the evaluation result was obtained for energy efficiency of 92% under the conditions with electrolysis pressure 0.5MPa and electrolysis temperature 120 degree C; thus, this year's target efficiency of over 90% was achieved. Further, enhancement of the quality was contrived for example by improving the electroless plating method and remodeling a roll press machine. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1975 Sunshine Project research report. General research on hydrogen energy subsystems and their peripheral technologies (Research on hydrogen engine for aircraft); 1975 nendo suiso riyo subsystem no sogoteki kento to shuhen gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu seika hokokusho. Kokukiyo suiso engine ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1976-05-01

This report summarizes the research results on (1) the prospect of an aviation system based on hydrogen energy, (2) the total system of aircraft based on hydrogen energy, and (3) the performance, structure and specifications of airplanes and engines using synthetic fuel such as hydrogen. In (1), study was made on air transport energy, and prediction was made on the demand of liquid hydrogen assuming conversion of petroleum fuel into hydrogen fuel in the future. In (2), the supply system of liquid hydrogen is essential in conversion of current aircraft fuel into liquid hydrogen. Such supply system over the world is also necessary in conversion into liquid hydrogen for both domestic and international airlines. In (3), in order to discuss the feasibility of liquid hydrogen fuel aircraft, the merit of such aircraft as compared with current aircraft using JP fuel, and whether designing a new airframe or modifying existing airframes, study was made conceptually on the size and capacity of airframe by statistical treatment and analysis of previous conceptual designs. (NEDO)

Research and development of system to utilize photovoltaic energy. Survey on the high-durability and low-cost materials for constructing the solar-cell module and its structure; Taiyoko hatsuden riyo system no kenkyu. Taiyo denchi module yo kotaikyusei tei cost zairyo, kozo ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tatsuta, M [New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-12-01

This paper reports the results obtained during fiscal 1994 on a survey on the high-durability and low-cost materials for constructing the solar-cell module and on its structure. With respect to forms and materials used in the present solar-cell modules, identification was made on the current status of products commercially available and developed inside and outside Japan. Main types of solar cells used for electric power are of crystal-based silicon. Amorphous silicon and CdS-CdTe are used for consumer applications of indoor and outdoor use. As regards transparent resin materials, fluorine resin, PET, acryl, and polyimide are used as surface materials, and EVA, silicon and PVB are often used as fillers. Developments inside and outside Japan are limited to systems of polycarbonate, methacryl, fluorine, polyurethane, acryl and polyester. Butyl rubber and polyurethane are used as sealing materials. Developments are being performed on silicon rubber, polychloroprene rubber and EPT rubber for shaped materials, and silicon systems, urethane systems and polysulfide systems for non-shaped materials. 3 figs., 8 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 survey report. Subtask 9 (hydrogen utilization worldwide clean energy system technology) (WE-NET) (survey/study on the innovative and leading technology); 1997 nendo seika hokokusho. Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) subtask 9 kakushinteki, sendoteki gijutsu ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

For the purpose of giving useful suggestions/proposals to the course of WE-NET and contributing to the R and D, conducted were survey/collection/evaluation of new technologies. The paper described the fiscal 1997 results. The number of the proposals of new technology accumulated during fiscal 1993 to 1997 is 28. The proposals of new technology made in fiscal 1997 are hydrogen production effectively using solar energy by wavelength zone, hydrogen storage using fullerene, and the methanol power generation turbine system. Four technologies proposed in fiscal 1996 and 1997 were evaluated. The evaluation method requires two steps of the marking using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the adjustment by the committee. The highly evaluated proposals out of those having been made were analysis/evaluation of hydrogen-oxygen internal-combustion Stirling engine, hydrogen production effectively using solar energy by wavelength zone, hydrogen production by solid oxide electrolysis, magnetic refrigeration method for hydrogen liquefaction, hydrogen production technology using photocatalyst, etc. The paper also stated the result of studying concepts of innovative/leading technologies in fiscal 1996. 4 figs., 29 tabs.

FY 1997 report on the survey on the current residential waste treatment and integrated utilization of waste including heat supply in Shanghai city; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (Shanghai shi ni okeru seikatsu gomi shori no genjo narabini kyonetsunado wo fukumu sogo riyo ni kansuru chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Survey was made on residential waste treatment in Shanghai city. Shanghai city with nearly 13 million registered residents produces on average 10,000-11,000 tons/day residential solid wastes. Such wastes are basically disposed by land filling. A landfill site has a current disposal capacity of 7,500 tons/day, and is scheduled to be expanded up to 9,000 tons/day. Problems of waste disposal in Shanghai city are as follows: transportation of wastes collected in the city by trucks, transportation through transit stations to the landfill site by ships, and high disposal cost. Shanghai Environmental Sanitation Bureau is pursuing researches on recycling of wastes, reduction of wastes and harmless treatment in place of conventional land filling. As the survey result, adoption of complete separate collection of wastes is basically important, and application of the latest technologies such as combustion treatment for every waste, heat use, gasification fusion furnace, and RDF (refuse derived fuel) for coal-firing boilers should be considered. 86 figs., 18 tabs.

FY 1999 report on the results of the R and D of genom informatics technology. Development of measures for stabilized supply of petroleum using compound living organisms; 1999 nendo genom informatics gijutsu kenkyu kaihtsu seika hokokusho. Fukugo seibutsukei riyo sekiyu antei kyokyu taisaku kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

In this R and D, studies were made on the following: 1) comparative analysis of genes - a system based on PCR coupled with high-speed and high-throughput fragment analyzer; 2) development of the system which detects SNPs rapidly; 3) study of the technique for DNA analysis and comparison of DNA sequence by use of the triple-stranded DNA formation; 4) improvement of a genomic DNA subtraction method, the In-Gel Competitive Reassociation technique; 5) development of computer simulation system which has capability of predicting changes in gene expression; 6) development of a workbench system assisting at gene regulatory network construction; 7) analysis of a gene expression control network; 8) general R and D issues. In 1), PCR method was developed to confirm the principle. In 2), micro plant was developed. In 3), new long cDNA library was constructed. In 4), basic experiment on FRET technology was conducted. In 5), basic model was developed of clock gene expression oscillation simulation. In 6), system was developed of gene information subtraction. In 7), workbench was designed for support of transcription control network analysis. (NEDO)

Achievement report on commissioned research and development of basic technologies for the next generation industries in fiscal 1982. Research and development of a recombinant DNA utilizing technology; 1982 nendo jisedai sangyo kiban gijutsu itaku kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kumikae DNA riyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1983-03-01

Achievements were compiled on the research and development in fiscal 1982 on the 'recombinant DNA utilizing technology', which has been performed according to the 'institution for research and development of basic technologies for the next generation industries'. With regard to refined cytochrome P-450 molecular species, a material was obtained that has further higher specific content than those having been discovered in fiscal 1981. Refinement was carried out on antibodies against P-450 and NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reduction enzyme to raise the antibody values. Identification was made on the refined cytochrome P-450 molecular species. The P-450 in the mRNA products prepared in fiscal 1981 was quantified successfully by means of the immuno sedimentation process using protein A-sepharose. In fabrication of cytochrome P-450cDNA, detailed discussions were given on the cDNA fabrication and reaction conditions, where double-chain cDNA was obtained. In refining the enzymatic cytochrome P-450, discussions on culture conditions of the enzyme discovered a condition in which the P-450 content increases. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 survey report. Subtask 3 (hydrogen utilization worldwide clean energy system technology) (WE-NET) (total system/nation-level energy estimation and assessment); 1997 nendo seika hokokusho. Suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) subtask 3 zentai system ikkoku kibo deno yosoku hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

With relation to the energy supply/demand in Japan toward the second half of the 21st century, an analysis was made using the MARKAL model to predict the amount of hydrogen introduction in the future. As in the last fiscal year, conditions of the study of IEA/ETSAP were continuously used. It was decided on that hydrogen was produced by hydroelectric/photovoltaic power generation overseas. Prices were made 14 yen and 27 yen/103 kcal. The limit price of introduction of import hydrogen was calculated. During the period from 2030 to 2050, if the hydrogen price is less than 7 ten/103 kcal, the result showed that hydrogen can be introduced in a lot of scenarios (case of the severe control of CO2 emissions, case of high priced fossil fuels, case of the low capacity of the development of nuclear power generation, etc.) As the form of hydrogen use, promising are the hydrogen combustion turbine power generation, mixture with town gas (hythane) and hydrogen cars. However, a precondition for the introduction is that the cost of hydrogen car should be more economical than the competitive means of transportation. As to hydrogen combustion turbines and hythane, the quantity of hydrogen introduction depends little on variations of characteristics of the equipment used. 11 refs., 55 figs., 21 tabs.

Achievement report for fiscal 1998 on World Energy Network (WE-NET). Subtask 8. Development of hydrogen combustion turbine (Development of main accessories); 1998 nendo suiso riyo kokusai clean energy system gijutsu (WE-NET) seika hokokusho. 8. Suiso nensho turbine no kaihatsu (shuyo hokirui no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This report covers the effort to develop hydrogen-fueled turbines under the international clean energy project. In the development of technologies for the use of liquid hydrogen cold heat, studies are conducted about the emergency stop of an air separating device for a 1,000MW power plant and about a backup system, various details and specifications are defined, and a tentative design is prepared for the whole system. Studies are made about economic efficiency, which lands on a oxygen production cost of 10.92 yen/Nm{sup 3}. In the development of high-temperature heat exchangers, the results are evaluated of the competition which has been under way since 1997 between two entrusted corporations over the topping regeneration cycle technology. In this fiscal year, the evaluation is accomplished by the main accessories development subcommittee, and the Toshiba Corporation wins first place, and the Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., second place. It is found, however, that the conceptual designs are both feasible from the technological point of view. In addition, tasks to study for the next project are put together. (NEDO)

Achievement report on commissioned research and development of basic technologies for the next generation industries in fiscal 1982. Research and development of a recombinant DNA utilizing technology; 1982 nendo jisedai sangyo kiban gijutsu itaku kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kumikae DNA riyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1983-03-01

Achievements were compiled on the research and development in fiscal 1982 on the 'recombinant DNA utilizing technology', which has been performed according to the 'institution for research and development of basic technologies for the next generation industries'. With regard to refined cytochrome P-450 molecular species, a material was obtained that has further higher specific content than those having been discovered in fiscal 1981. Refinement was carried out on antibodies against P-450 and NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reduction enzyme to raise the antibody values. Identification was made on the refined cytochrome P-450 molecular species. The P-450 in the mRNA products prepared in fiscal 1981 was quantified successfully by means of the immuno sedimentation process using protein A-sepharose. In fabrication of cytochrome P-450cDNA, detailed discussions were given on the cDNA fabrication and reaction conditions, where double-chain cDNA was obtained. In refining the enzymatic cytochrome P-450, discussions on culture conditions of the enzyme discovered a condition in which the P-450 content increases. (NEDO)