Bitki Genetik Mühendisliği ve Ekonomik Öneme Sahip Bazı Bitkilerde Genetik Mühendisliği Uygulamaları / Plant Genetic Engineering and Its Applications on Economically Important Plants

OpenAIRE

Kumlay, Ahmet Metin; Dursun, Atilla

2010-01-01

ÖZET: Yaklaşık 100 yıl önce başlayan ıslah çalışmaları sayesinde, bitkilerde verim, kalite ile birlikte birçok hastalık ve zararlılara dayanıklılık gibi konularda önemli gelişmeler sağlanmıştır. Otuz yıl öncesine kadar, bitki çeşitleri klasik ıslah metotları uygulanarak geliştirilmekteydi. Ancak, bu gelişme hızı bitkilerde mevcut genetik varyasyonun daralması nedeniyle oldukça yavaşlamıştır. Daha ileri başarılar i...

ROUTING OTOMATIS BERBASIS ALGORITMA GENETIK UNTUK PENGELOLAAN TANGGAP DARURAT BENCANA

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Moh. Tofa Nurzaki

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Penanganan situasi darurat yang cepat dan tepat sangat dibutuhkan untuk meminimalisir resiko yang terjadi. Keterlambatan penanganan situasi darurat yang terjadi menyebabkan banyak kerugian materi bahkan jiwa. Tindakan penanganan situasi darurat dapat dilakukan setelah adanya laporan. Kecepatan, ketepatan, dan keakuratan informasi laporan sangat dibutuhkan untuk menentukan tindak penanganan yang tepat. Petugas yang menangani situasi darurat yang terjadi seringkali disulitkan dalam menemukan lokasi tepat tempat kejadian dan menentukan rute tercepat menuju tempat kejadian. Dengan demikian, diperlukan sistem yang mampu digunakan untuk melaporkan dan merespon situasi darurat yang terjadi. Hal inilah yang menjadi dasar penelitian. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengembangkan sistem berbasis teknologi GIS, GPS, GSM dan Android. Proses pencarian rute menggunakan Algoritma Genetika untuk mendapatkan rute yang optimal. Melalui sistem ini proses pelaporan dan penanganan situasi darurat dapat lebih mudah dan lebih cepat dilakukan. Algoritma Genetika dapat menghasilkan rute yang efektif menuju titik tujuan. Namun, rute yang dihasilkan tidak selalu rute yang terpendek. Dengan demikian, diperlukan peningkatan optimasi pada Algoritma Genetika ini agar dapat menghasilkan rute yang lebih optimal. Kata Kunci: Otomatisasi, Algoritma Genetik, Tanggap Darurat, Bencana

[Reiner Nürnberg, Ekkehard Höxtermann, Martina Voigt. Elisabeth Schiemann 1881-1972. Vom AußBruch der Genetik und der Frauen in den UmBrüchen des 20. Jahrhunderts] / Monika von Hirschheydt

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Hirschheydt, Monika von

2015-01-01

Arvustus: Nürnberg, Reiner, Höxtermann, Ekkehard, Voigt, Martina. Elisabeth Schiemann 1881-1972. Vom AußBruch der Genetik und der Frauen in den UmBrüchen des 20. Jahrhunderts. Beiträge eines Symposiums zum 200. Gründungsjubiläum der Humboldt-Universität Berlin. Rangsdorf: Basilisken-Presse 2014

Variasi Genetik Trenggiling Sitaan di Sumatra, Jawa, dan Kalimantan Berdasarkan Control Region DNA Mitokndria (GENETIC VARIATION ON CONFISCATED PANGOLIN OF SUMATRA, JAWA, AND KALIMANTAN BASED ON CONTROL REGION MITOCHONDRIAL DNA

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Wirdateti Wirdateti

2017-06-01

Full Text Available High levels of illegal trading on Java pangolin (Manis javanica, Desmarest. 1822 for the basic ingredient of Traditional Chinese Medicine have caused sharp decline in its wild population. The purposes of this study were to assess the level of quality and genetic diversity, and to identify the origin of the confiscated individuals by molecular analysis. The original species used as a control were obtained from known areas in Java, Kalimantan, and Sumatera. Molecular analysis was carried out using non-coding region control region (D-loop of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA. The results of phylogenic tree analysis showed that 44 confiscated pangolins were from Kalimantan (24 individuals, from Sumatra (seven individuals, and from Java (13 individuals. As many as 19 haplotypes were found on the basis of their base substitutions consisting of nine from Kalimantan, seven from Java and three from Sumatra. Average genetic distance (d between those from Kalimantan-Java was d = 0.0121 ± 0.0031; those from Borneo-Sumatra was d =0.0123 ± 0.0038 and those from Sumatra-Java was d = 0.0075 ± 0.038, respectively. Overall genetic distance between populations was d = 0.0148 ± 0.0035, with the nucleotide diversity (ð of 0.0146. These results indicate that over 50% of pangolins seized came from Kaimantan, and Kalimantan populations show a separate group with Java and Sumatra with boostrap 98%. ABSTRAK Tingginya tingkat perburuan trenggiling (Manis javanica; Desmarest 1822 Indonesia untuk diperdagangkan secara illegal sebagai bahan dasar obat terutama di China, menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan populasi di alam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat tingkat kualitas dan keragaman genetik trenggiling serta mengetahui asal usul satwa sitaan berdasarkan analisis molekuler. Sebagai kontrol asal usul trenggiling sitaan digunakan sampel alam berdasarkan sebaran populasi yang diketahui pasti yang berasal dari Jawa, Kalimantan, dan Sumatera. Analisis molekuler menggunakan

Keragaman Genetik Metarhizium anisopliae dan Virulensinya pada Larva Kumbang Badak (Oryctes rhinoceros

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Aisyah Surya Bintang

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros is one of the important pests of coconut tree. One of eco-friendly control applied for this pest is by using entomopathogenic fungiMetarhizium anisopliae. There is not much information about the variability and virulence of M. anisopliae toward O. rhinoceros. M. anisopliae isolates obtained from Biological Control Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada were cultured on PDA medium.M. anisopliae isolates was isolated from O. rhinoceros larvae (MaOr, Lepidiota stigma larvae (MaLs, Brontispa longissima beetle (MaBl.O. rhinoceros beetles were obtained from Kulon Progo, DIY. This study used molecular test, and virulence test toward 3rd stadium of O. rhinoceros larvae by using dipping method. Molecular test by sequence and phylogenetic analysis, showed that MaOr was located at different group (out group with MaLs and MaBr. On the density 107 conidium/ml MaOr and MaLs were more virulent than MaBl towards 3rd stadium of O. rhinoceros larvae. INTISARI Kumbang badak (Oryctes rhinoceros merupakan salah satu hama penting pada tanaman kelapa. Salah satu upaya pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan adalah dengan menggunakan jamur entomopatogen, yakni Metarhizium anisopliae. Belum banyak diketahui mengenai keragaman dan juga virulensi dari M. anisopliae terhadap O. rhinoceros. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keragaman genetik M. anisopliae dan virulensinya pada larva kumbang badak. Isolat yang digunakan berasal dari Laboratorium Pengendalian Hayati, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada dalam bentuk kultur murni pada medium PDA. Isolat yang gunakan diisolasi dari larvaOryctes rhinoceros (MaOr, larva Lepidiota stigma (MaLs, dan kumbang Brontispa longissima (MaBl. Serangga yang diuji berasal dari daerah Kulon Progo, DIY. Pengujian secara molekuler dengan analisis sekuensing dan filogenetik, menunjukkan bahwa isolat MaOr terletak pada grup yang berbeda dengan MaLs dan Ma

ROTOR-RULMAN SİSTEMLERİNİN TASARIM OPTİMİZASYONU

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Hamit SARUHAN

2003-03-01

Full Text Available Bu makale rotor-rulman sistemlerinin analizi ve optimizasyonunu göz önüne alarak yazarın çalışmaları ile birlikte literatürden kısa bir bilgi sunumu mahiyetinde bir çalışmadır. Çalışmayla, rotor-rulman sistemlerinin optimizasyonu alanında çalışmak isteyen tasarımcıya bir motivasyon ve fikir verme amaç edinilmiştir. Çalışmada genetik algoritmalar methoduyla elde edilen sonuçlar numeric metodla elde edilen sonuçlarla kıyas edilerek genetik algoritmaların kabiliyeti gösterilmiştir. Genetik algoritmalar tabii seleksiyon (seçim tekniğini kullanarak tanımlanan sınırlar içinde tarama yapan ve genetik fikrine dayalı uygun araştırma teknikleridirler. Günümüzde genetik algoritmalar bir çok alanda kullanılmaktadır.

Karakteristik Dan perawatan Anomali Ortodonsia Pada Beberapa Penderita Achondroplasia

OpenAIRE

Agustina, Nova

2010-01-01

Karakteristik dan Perawatan Anomali Ortodonsia pada Beberapa Penderita Achondroplasia xii + 56 halaman Kelainan genetik dapat berpengaruh terhadap gangguan dentofasial. Achondroplasia adalah salah satu kelainan genetik yang mempunyai manifestasi timbulnya gangguan dentofasial. Achondroplasia adalah salah satu bentuk dwarfisme yang sering dijumpai. Achondroplasia disebabkan oleh gangguan osifikasi endokondral akibat mutasi gen FGFR 3 (fibroblast growth factor receptor 3) pada lengan p...

KERAGAMAN FENOTIPE TRUSS MORFOMETRIK DAN GENOTIPE IKAN GABUS (Channa striata) DARI JAWA BARAT, SUMATERA SELATAN, DAN KALIMANTAN TENGAH

OpenAIRE

Irin Iriana Kusmini; Vitas Atmadi Prakoso; Kusdiarti Kusdiarti

2015-01-01

Ikan gabus di Indonesia awalnya hanya terdapat di Barat garis Wallace (Sumatera, Jawa, dan Kalimantan) yang kemudian diintroduksi ke Indonesia bagian Timur. Ikan gabus termasuk ke dalam deretan ikan air tawar sebagai sumber daya genetik untuk menunjang diversifikasi usaha budidaya. Guna menyukseskan program diversifikasi tersebut, maka perlu diketahui keragaman genetik ikan gabus dari Jawa Barat, Sumatera Selatan, dan Kalimantan Tengah agar dapat direkomendasikan sebagai dasar pemuliaan. Tuju...

Patlayıcı yardımı ile form vermede patlayıcı kütlesinin genetic algoritma kullanılarak optimizasyonu

OpenAIRE

GÜLCAN, Orhan; GEMALMAYAN, Nihat

2011-01-01

Bu çalışmada, genetik algoritma kullanılarak, günümüzde özellikle uçak sanayinde büyük parçaların üretiminde kullanılan patlayıcı yardımı ile form verme tekniğinde patlayıcı kütlesinin optimizasyonu yapılmıştır. Genetik algoritma yirmi yıldan fazla süredir farklı bilim dallarına uygulanan bir yapay zeka optimizasyon tekniğidir. Bu metotta, doğada meydana gelen seçme, çaprazlama ve mutasyon gibi genetik operatörlerin bilgisayar ortamına uyarlanmış kodları kullanılır. Patlayıcı yardımı ile form...

Marmara Bölgesi Islah Zonu’nda (200-600 m kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten. döl denemeleri: 12. yaş sonuçları

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Yrd.Doç.Dr. Murat ALAN

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Marmara Bölgesi Islah Zonu’nda seçilen 158 plus ağaç birinci seri ve altı adet tohum bahçesinde bulunan 160 adetklon ikinci seri olacak şekilde gruplandırılmış, toplanan açık tozlaşma ürünü tohumlardan üretilen fidanlarla iki seri kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten. döl denemesi kurulmuştur. Deneme alanlarında 12. arazi yaşına ait boy ve göğüs çapı ölçülmüş, bu değerler kullanılarak genetik parametreler ve Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP yöntemi ile ailelerin ıslah değerleri tahmin edilmiştir. Birinci seri deneme alanlarının ortak değerlendirilmesinde boy ve çap için bireysel kalıtım derecesi sırasıyla 0,24 ve 0,16; aile ortalamaları kalıtım derecesi ise 0,52 ve 0,55; ikinci seri deneme alanlarında bireysel kalıtım derecesi aynı sırayla 0,29 ve 0,12; aile ortalamaları kalıtım derecesi ise 0,54 ve 0,45 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Boy ve göğüs çapı arasındaki genetik korelasyon birinci seri denemelerde 0,48 ve ikinci seri denemelerde ise 0,50 olarak tahmin edilmiştir. Dördüncü yaştaki boy ile 12. yaştaki boy arasında genetik korelasyon birinci seri denemelerde 0,81 ve ikinci seri denemelerde ise 0,70 bulunmuştur. B tipi genetik korelasyonlar ise birinci ve ikinci seride 0,54 - 1,00 arasında tahmin edilmiş, genotip çevre etkileşimi açısından uygulamayı etkileyecek düzeyde bulunmamıştır. Birinci seri denemelerde plus ağaç seçimleriyle genetik kazanç düşük olurken, İkinci seri denemelerde fenotipik tohum bahçelerinden boy için %4, göğüs çapı için %5 en iyi 30 klonla genetik tohum bahçesi kurulduğunda ise yine aynı sırayla %13 ve %11 genetik kazanç tahmin edilmiştir. Boy ve göğüs çapı için en yüksek ıslah değerine ulaşan 32, 35, 40 ve 188 nolu tohum bahçeleri, ağaçlandırmalarda kullanıldığında daha fazla boy ve çapa ulaşabilen bireyler elde edilebileceği anlaşılmıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Kalıtım derecesi, ıslah de

Görüntü Eşleme ve Genetik Algoritmalar Kullanarak Görüntü içinde Görüntü Arama

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Mehmet Karakoc

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışmada esas alınan problem, görüntü içinde görüntü aramayı etkin bir şekilde gerçekleştirebilmektir. Bu amaçla görüntü işleme kapsamında yer alan görüntü eşleme teknikleri ile arama algoritmaları birlikte kullanılmıştır. Görüntü eşleme için Yapay Sinir Ağları ile görüntünün ortalama renk değeri, görüntüdeki renk değerlerinin standart sapması, korelasyon ve görüntü kenar parametreleri gibi özellikler; görüntü arama için Genetik Algoritmalar kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, akıllı arama algoritmaları, hızlı görüntü eşleme yöntemleri ve paralel programlama tekniklerine dayanan bütünleşik bir yöntem önerilmiş ve kullanılmıştır. Önerilen yöntem çok sayıda düşük ve yüksek çözünürlüklü referans ve şablon görüntü üzerinde test edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar önerilen yöntemin eşleşen görüntüleri elde etmede başarılı olduğunu ve toplam arama süresini azalttığını göstermiştir.

PERANAN FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN DALAM PEMULIAAN IKAN

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Anang Hari Kristanto

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Kegiatan pemuliaan ikan selain dipengaruhi oleh genetik, juga sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan. Walaupun faktor ini tidak diwariskan kepada generasi berikutnya, tetapi mempengaruhi fenotif suatu individu atau populasi ikan yang akan dibudidayakan, karena faktor lingkungan yang buruk akan menutup potensi genetik dari individu atau populasi tersebut. Aspek lingkungan yang berpengaruh terhadap pemuliaan tersebut adalah padat tebar dan mortalitas; umur, suhu, dan kualitas air; sifat biologi dan fisiologi; maternal efek; kecondongan, dan cara pemberian pakan; kompensasi pertumbuhan; dan pemeliharaan komunal (bersama. Usaha pemuliaan dan budi daya perlu memperhatikan faktor-faktor ling-kungan.

PERFORMA BENIH TIRAM MUTIARA (Pinctada maxima DARI HASIL PERSILANGAN INDUK ALAM

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Ida Komang Wardana

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Tiram mutiara merupakan salah satu komoditas andalan dalam budidaya laut. Masalah utama yang dihadapi adalah pasok benih baik kuantitas maupun kualitas. Upaya perbaikan dilakukan dengan perkawinan silang antar varietas tiram dengan tujuan untuk memperbaiki kualitas benih Tiram Mutiara (Pinctada maxima baik secara fenotip maupun genotip. Induk yang disilangkan secara resiprokal mempunyai karakter nacre putih (P dan kuning (K baik populasi Bali maupun Maluku. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persilangan dua populasi tersebut menghasilkan tiga varietas yaitu: varietas I (K x P, varietas II (K x K dan varietas III (P x K. Nilai SR pada fase pediveliger dari ketiga varietas menghasilkan sintasan berturut-turut 65%, 59%, dan 45%. Pertumbuhan varietas III menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang cukup baik dengan kisaran panjang cangkang 3,0-4,5 cm pada umur dua bulan pemeliharaan. Analisis genetik dengan RAPD-DNA menunjukkan bahwa induk-induk yang berhasil memijah mempunyai variasi genetik 0,3755; 0,3938; dan 0,1600. Sedangkan turunan F1 mempunyai variasi genetik lebih rendah yaitu: 0,2738; 0,2667; dan 0,0924.

EVALUASI KESEPADANAN MUTU GIZI TEMPE KEDELAI PANGAN REKAYASA GENETIK (PRG DAN NON-PRG SERTA DAMPAK KONSUMSINYA PADA TIKUS PERCOBAAN

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Dadi Hidayat Maskar

2016-04-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACTThis study was conducted to evaluate the effect of tempe that were made from Genetically Modified (GM and non-GM soybean on protein quality, malondialdehide (MDA levels, intracellular antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD activity in the liver and kidneys, as well as spermatozoa profile of experimental rats. Fourty five Sprague Dawley rats divided into eight treatment grups and one control, fed with tempe and soybean from GM and non-GM at 10% and 20% concentrations for 90 days. The results showed that there was no significant difference in term of protein quality, tempe made from GM soybean is substantially equivalent with tempe made from non-GM soybean. Results showed that group which was given ration of 10% protein from conventional soybean had lower liver and kidney MDA levels as compared to GM tempe 10% and 20% groups, but was not significant compared to conventional soybean 20% and casein 10% groups. While the value of liver and kidney SOD activity were not significantly different (p>0.05 between the groups of rats. There was no significant differences among the spermatozoa profiles treatment groups and control and they were within normal condition. Results of protein quality, MDA, SOD, and spermatozoa profile showed that tempe made from GM soybean was substantially equivalent with the non-GM soybean.Keywords: GM soybean, MDA, non-GM tempe, SOD, spermatozoa profileABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh tempe Pangan Rekayasa Genetik (PRG dan non-PRG meliputi kualitas protein, kadar malondialdehida (MDA hati dan ginjal, aktivitas superoksida dismutase (SOD hati dan ginjal, dan profil spermatozoa pada tikus percobaan. Sebanyak 45 tikus terbagi ke dalam delapan perlakuan dan satu kontrol yang diberikan perlakuan dengan ransum tempe dan kedelai, baik PRG maupun non-PRG, dengan konsentrasi 10% dan 20% selama 90 hari. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan dalam kualitas protein

Genetik og hypertension

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ellervik, Christina; Tarnow, Lisa; Pedersen, Erling Bjerregaard

2009-01-01

Monogenic forms of hypertension are very rare, but have a well-characterized heredity. Primary hypertension is very common with a complex and polygenic heredity. Primary hypertension arises due to an interaction between multiple genetic and environmental factors. Its heredity is unknown, although...

PENGARUH KEDELAI PRODUK REKAYASA GENETIK TERHADAP KADAR MALONALDEHID, AKTIVITAS SUPEROKSIDA DISMUTASE DAN PROFIL DARAH PADA TIKUS PERCOBAAN

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Dadi Hidayat Maskar

2015-12-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACTTempe, a soybean fermentation, has a short shelf life. An effort to extend the shelf life of tempe has been done by making tempe flour. Difference of raw materials which were Genetically Modified Organism (GMO and non-GMO was pressured to cause different impact on human health. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of tempe flour that were made from GMO and non-GMO soybean upon malonaldehida (MDA levels,intracellular antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD activity in the liver and kidneys of experimental rats, as well as hematological profile. Twenty five Sprague Dawley rats divided into four treatment grups and onecontrol, feeded with tempe from GMO and non-GMO at 10% and 20% concentrations at the period of 90 days.The results showed that rats fed with 10% protein derived from non-GMO soybean flour had lower levelsof MDA in the liver and kidney compared to GMO tempe flour group consisting rations of 10% and 20% protein but, not significantly different from the group protein of 20% non-GMO soybean flour and 10% protein of casein. While the value of liver and kidney SOD activity were not significantly different (p>0,05 between the groups of rats. The results showed that the values obtained were within normal limits. However, the amount of thrombocytes in each treatment had a value that exceeds normal limits. The activity of rat, rat’s metabolism, and amount of feed intake by rats might influenced the result. This experimental study lead to conclude that consuming GMO and non-GMO tempe flour is safe.Keywords: experimental rats, GMO tempe flour, non-GMO tempe flour, hematology, superoxide dismutaseABSTRAKTempe merupakan produk fermentasi kedelai yang mempunyai masa simpan relatif pendek. Upaya untuk meningkatkan masa simpan diantaranya dengan dibuat tepung tempe. Perbedaan bahan baku dari kedelai pangan rekayasa genetik (PRG dan non-PRG menimbulkan kehawatiran terhadap dampak kesehatan bagi manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan

Hayvan Islahında Güncel Bir Yaklaşım: CRISPR/Cas9 Genom Modifikasyon Sistemi

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Fatih Bilgi

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Genom modifikasyonları, verimin arttırılmasında ve hastalıklara karşı direncin kazandırılması konusunda önemli avantajlar sağlama potansiyeli içermektedir. Bireyin zaten sahip olduğu bir genin susturulmasını ya da ifade edilmesini sağlayan gen düzenlenmesi yöntemleri (gene editing çevreyi en az etkileyerek genetik yapının geliştirilmesi konusunda önemli olanaklar sağlamaktadır. Son zamanlarda yeni genetik düzenleme yöntemleri geliştirilmiştir. Bunlar ZFN (Zinc Finger Nuclease’ler, TALEN (Transcription Activator-like Effector Nuclease’ler ve CRISPR/Cas nükleaz sistemleridir. CRISPR/Cas sistemi yabancı genetik materyalleri yok etmek için RNA güdümlü nükleazları kullanan bir mikrobiyal immün sistem olup, bu sistemin günümüzde hayvanlarda basit ve etkili bir gen düzenleme mekanizması olarak kullanılabilme potansiyeli değerlendirilmektedir. Bu derlemede CRISPR/Cas9 sistemi ve hayvan ıslahında kullanılabilirliği özetlenmiştir.

Sumber Daya Genetik dan Pengetahuan Tradisional Terkait Sumber Daya Genetik untuk Kemakmuran

OpenAIRE

Nuryanti, Aktris

2015-01-01

Indonesia as a mega biodiversity country is very attractive for bioprospectors. The complementarity between SDG and PT-SDG in the SDG preservation considered those must be managed by the same institutions that their function as development resource could be fullest utilized. And look at the complexity of managing the SDG and PT-SDG it is recommended that National Competent Authority agencies is to be set up under the president or vice president responsibilityIndonesia adalah mega biodiver...

KERAGAAN BIOREPRODUKSI DAN PERTUMBUHAN TIGA POPULASI IKAN BAUNG (Hemibagrus nemurus Val. 1840

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Jojo Subagja

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Ikan baung (Hemibagrus nemurus Val. 1840 termasuk kelompok catfish bernilai ekonomis, di Asia populer dengan nama “green catfish”. Informasi tentang variasi genetik dan keragaan bioreproduksi dari ketiga kandidat populasi hasil kegiatan 2011, yaitu: populasi Cisadane (Sdn, Cirata (Crt, dan Serayu (Sry telah dijadikan informasi dasar dalam keperluan seleksi atau persilangan antar strain agar diperoleh ikan yang cepat tumbuh. Populasi Serayu menunjukkan tingkat variasi genetik paling kecil, namun memiliki aspek bioreproduksi lebih baik, sementara populasi Cirata menunjukkan kekerabatan dan variasi genetik lebih tinggi dari populasi Serayu dan Cisadane. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaan bioreproduksi dan pertumbuhan hasil persilangan dari tiga populasi yang digunakan. Keturunan hasil persilangan antara ketiga populasi telah diamati pada aspek Spesific Growth Rate (SGR, bobot akhir, dan sintasan (SR pada stadia benih umur 42 hari, serta parameter bioreproduksi dari masing-masing populasi induk antara lain: perkembangan gonad, fekunditas, dan indeks ova somatik. Hasil persilangan antara populasi Sdn x Sry menghasilkan nilai heterosis tertinggi pada parameter SGR (8,72%; heterosis sintasan tertinggi dicapai oleh persilangan Sry dengan Sdn (45,45%; sedangkan bobot akhir dicapai oleh persilangan Crt dengan Sdn (22,08%. Persilangan dua arah antara populasi Cisadane dan populasi Cirata adalah persilangan dengan respons tertinggi pada parameter SR dan bobot akhir nilai IOS (Indeks Ova Somatik Cisadane 15,9% dan Cirata 20,7%.

Genetic Characterization of Domesticated F1 Generation in Humpback Grouper (Cromileptes altivelis

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Ratu Siti Aliah

2007-01-01

Full Text Available First generation (F1 of hatchery produced humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis has been characterized genetically in order to serve the information of their status in related to their breeding strategy. PCR-RFLP method was used to detect the variation of mtDNA D-loop region of F1 population at BBPBL Lampung and BBAP Situbondo. The result of study showed that reducing of haplotype diversity had been arised from broodstock (0.8548 to F1 generation population (0.7473; 0.7273; and 0.6947, respectively.  Genetic divergence that had found between population BBPBL Lampung and BBAP Situbondo make it possible to do outbreeding in order to get its heterosis's effect. Keywords: mtDNA, haplotype diversity, genetic differentiation, Cromileptes altivelis   ABSTRAK Ikan kerapu tikus (Cromileptes altivelis generasi pertama (F1 hasil domestikasi di hatchery telah dikarakterisasi secara genetik untuk menyediakan informasi status sehubungan dengan program pemuliaannya.  Metode PCR-RFLP digunakan untuk mendeteksi variasi sekuens D-loop mtDNA ikan kerapu tikus F1 yang diproduksi di BBPBL Lampung dan BBAP Situbondo.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa telah terjadi penurunan keragaman haplotipe dari induk (0,8548 ke populasi generasi F1 (masing-masing 0,7473; 0,7273; dan 0,6947.  Adanya keragaman genetik antara populasi ikan kerapu tikus di BBPBL dan BBAP Situbondo memungkinkan dilakukannya outbreeding untuk mendapatkan efek heterosis. Kata kunci: mtDNA, keragaman haplotipe, diferensiasi genetik, Cromileptes altivelis

SELEKSI BENIH TIRAM MUTIARA (Pinctada maxima DARI HASIL PEMIJAHAN INDUK ALAM DENGAN KARAKTER NACRE PUTIH

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Ida Komang Wardana

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Kualitas induk secara fenotip dan genotif berpengaruh terhadap kualitas benih tiram mutiara yang akan dihasilkan. Penggunaan induk yang berasal dari habitat yang berbeda dalam kegiatan pembenihan diharapkan dapat menghasilkan benih tiram mutiara dengan kualitas fenotip dan genotif yang baik. Salah satu sifat yang menarik untuk dijadikan target dalam program pemuliaan tiram mutiara adalah warna mutiara yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas benih tiram mutiaram(Pinctada maxima hasil pemijahan induk alam dengan karakter nacre putih dari tiga habitat yang berbeda dan mengetahui keragaan genetik induk (F0 dan turunannya (F1. Induk yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tiram dengan karakter nacre putih dari tiga lokasi perairan (Bali, Karawang, dan Dobo serta dilakukan pemijahan dari masing-masing populasi tersebut. Keragaan genetik dari semua populasi dianalisa dengan menggunakan PCR RFLP. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa masa inkubasi telur hasil pemijahan induk alam dengan karakter nacre putih terlihat lebih lama dibandingkan dengan tiram mutiara pada umumnya. Benih yang dihasilkan pertumbuhannya bervariasi, didominasi dengan benih berukuran sedang dengan sintasan berkisar 0,4-9%. Keragaan genetik F0 dan F1 berdasarkan nilai heterozigositas, tiram dari perairan Bali menunjukkan nilai keragaman yang paling baik (0,2726. Sementara karakter nacre dari benih yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa 48% memiliki nacre putih, 24% kuning dan warna lain sebanyak 28%.

Pendugaan Parameter Genetik Karakter Morfo-Agronomi dan Seleksi Genotipe untuk Perbaikan Genetik Jarak Pagar

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Linda Novita

2015-03-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACTThe recent scarcity of fuel has stimulated many efforts to remove dependence on petroleum oil by finding alternative sources of new and renewable energy. Jatropha curcas L. has been chosen as a source of biofuel that has an important role as a petroleum oil substitute, especially for producing biodiesel. Possible efforts for the development of Jatropha in Indonesia include exploration of Jatropha plants from various regions of Indonesia, introducing the plants from abroad and plant breeding. The purpose of this study was to study the genetic parameters of morpho-agronomic traits and selection of potential genotype for genetic improvement of Jatropha curcas. The experiment was conducted at the Biotech Center, BPPT from November 2011 to July 2012. The experiment was performed using a complete randomized block design with sixteen genotypes of J. curcas. Five plants were used for each genotype, with three replications. Results of this study showed that genetic diversity of the genotypes based on morpho-agronomic characters was relatively narrow, with genetic diversity coefficient ranged from 2.73% to 9.02%. The broad-sense heritability was high for all characters, ranged from 32.26% to 85.89%. None of morpho-agronomic characters observed in the 16 genotypes was directly correlated to productivity and seed oil content. Number of fruit and total seed number per bunch were the best characters for selection criteria to obtain high dry seed weight. Based on the bi-plot analysis on seed oil content and dry weight characters among the observed genotypes, LMP and CRP x PDI could be recommended as potential F1 parents to be used in constructing F2 population.Keywords: biplot analysis, broad-sense heritability, genetic diversity coefficient

Osteoporose und Genetik des Knochenstoffwechsels

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Obermayer-Pietsch B

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Osteoporose ist in hohem Maß genetisch determiniert. Neue Wege der molekularbiologischen Forschung haben sich in den letzten Jahren auf diesem Gebiet etabliert. "Gene mapping" mit polymorphen genetischen Markern auf der Suche nach Phänotyp-assoziierten Genen ist ein aufwendiges, aber vielversprechendes Verfahren und wird durch die Erkenntnisse des Human Genome Projects beschleunigt. So wurde jüngst u. a. das Low-density Lipoprotein 5-Gen als wichtig für den Knochenstoffwechsel identifiziert. Kandidaten-gene wie Hormonrezeptor-, Cytokin- oder Kollagen-Gene werden hinsichtlich ihrer Gen-Gen- und Gen-Umwelt- Interaktionen untersucht und erlauben neue funktionelle Einsichten in Erkrankungen des Knochenstoffwechsels. Mutationen der Kollagen-Gene sind bei einigen seltenen Erkrankungen, wie dem Osteoporose-Pseudogliom-Syndrom oder der Osteogenesis imperfecta gefunden worden, könnten aber auch für häufige Varianten von Bindegewebsstörungen wie der congenitalen Hüftdysplasie verantwortlich sein, die etwa 10 % der weiblichen kaukasischen Bevölkerung in unterschiedlichem Ausmaß betrifft. Osteoporose am Schenkelhals und erhöhte Gelenkslaxizität sowie andere generalisierte Veränderungen des Knochen- und Kollagenstoffwechsels können hier möglicherweise ebenfalls durch Störungen des Kollagen I alpha 1-Gens erklärt werden. In Summe können wir zahlreiche neue Einsichten in die Pathophysiologie des Skelettsystems erwarten, die uns auch neue Zugangswege für Diagnostik und Therapie unserer Patienten ermöglichen werden.

Genetiği Değiştirilmiş Tohum Yağları ve Özellikleri

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Şükran Kuleaşan

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Günümüzde genetik mühendisliğinin tarımsal uygulamalardaki gelişimi sayesinde yağ bitkilerinde genetik modifikasyonlar yapılarak tohum yağının yağ asidi kompozisyonunu belirlemek olanaklı hale gelmiştir. Dünya'da bitkisel yağ üretiminin yaklaşık olarak 87 milyon ton olduğu bildirilmektedir. Bu üretimin ekonomik değeri ise 40 milyar Amerikan Doları'dır. Yağların insan beslenmesindeki öneminin yanı sıra bitkisel yağ asitleri, sabun, deterjan, gres, biyoyakıt, kozmetik ve boya sanayi için de hammadde niteliğindedir. Bu nedenle bitkisel yağlara olan ilgi son yıllarda giderek artmaktadır. Ayrıca bitkisel üretim fazlası yağın, petrole alternatif olarak kullanılabileceği de belirtilmektedir.

SELEKSI PADA SAPI ACEH BERDASARKAN METODE INDEKS SELEKSI (IS DAN NILAI PEMULIAAN (NP

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Widya P. B. P

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hasil seleksi pada calon induk (heifer dan calon pejantan (bull sapi Aceh menggunakan metode nilai pemuliaan (NP dan indeks seleksi (IS terhadap performans berat badan. Data sekunder yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari data recording ternak dari tahun 2010 sampai 2014 yang meliputi data silsilah ternak, data kelahiran dan dan data berat badan di Balai Pembibitan Ternak Unggul (BPTU-Hijauan Pakan Ternak (HPT Sapi Aceh Indrapuri. Data recording ternak yang diperoleh digunakan untuk mengestimasi heritabilitas, korelasi genetik dan korelasi fenotip. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa heritabilitas berat sapih (BS, berat setahunan (BY dan berat akhir (BAtermasuk kategori tinggi. Korelasi genetik BS dengan BY dan BS dengan BA termasuk kategori positifsedang. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat 14 ekor heifer (48%dan bull (53%yang memiliki peringkat NPBA dan IS yang sama dari masing-masing 29dan 26 ekorsapi yang diuji.Metode IS dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu kriteria seleksi ternak yang lebih akurat.

Ronald Fisher forenede gener og evolution

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Alstrup, Aage Kristian Olsen; Winterdahl, Michael; Wang, Tobias

2013-01-01

Ronald Fisher var en sand kontroversiel pioner. Den dygtige matematiker anvendte blandt andet sine evner indenfor biologien og blev en af hovedmændene bag den moderne syntese, hvor genetik og evolution forenes. Hans syn på racehygiejne og sammenhængen mellem rygning og lungekræft gjorde ham dog til...

HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN BEBERAPA POPULASI KERANG HIJAU (Perna viridis DI INDONESIA BERDASARKAN SEKUEN CYTROCROME B mtDNA

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Achmad Sudradjat

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan kekerabatan stok kerang hijau (Perna viridis di beberapa perairan Indonesia sebagai informasi dasar bagi program pemuliaan. Sampel kerang hijau yang berasal dari populasi alam perairan Tanjung Kait, Kamal, Panimbang, Cirebon, Pasuruan, Kenjeran, dan Pangkep diambil secara acak. Amplifikasi PCR dan sekuensing mitokondria daerah cytochrome B adalah HCO (F: 5’-TAA ACT TCA GGG TGA CCA AAA AAT CA-3’ (26 bp dan LCO (R: 5’-GGT CAA CAA ATC ATA AAG ATA TTG G-3’ (25 bp. Sekuen DNA yang diperoleh digunakan untuk analisis homologi, analisis genetic distance dan analisis kekerabatan. Hasil analisis homologi susunan nukleotida berdasarkan BLAST-N terhadap sekuen mtDNA Perna viridis yang tersimpan di Genebank menunjukkan similaritas 97%. Hasil analisis didapatkan jarak genetik yang terdekat adalah populasi Tanjung Kait dengan Kenjeran sedangkan jarak genetik terjauh adalah populasi Cirebon dengan Kamal. Hubungan kekerabatan yang ditunjukkan dengan dendrogram diperoleh 2 kelompok yaitu 6 populasi membentuk satu kelompok dan populasi Cirebon membentuk kluster tersendiri. Sekuens tersebut mungkin dapat digunakan sebagai penanda dalam program breeding kerang hijau di Indonesia

Pengaruh Beberapa Diet Terhadap Hiperlipidemia

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Mihardja, Laurentina

1999-01-01

Hiperlipidemia adalah meningkatnya kadar kolesterol dan atau trigliserida. Hiperlipidemia didefinisikan sebagai serum kolesterol minimal 200 mg/dl atau serum trigliserida minimal 150 mg/dl. Mekanisme terjadinya hiperlipidemia secara epidemiologi ada bermacam-macam yaitu; Akibat asupan makanan tinggi kolesterol, lemak jenuh, dan kalori yang berlebihan.Pengaruh lingkungan, gaya hidup, dan alkoholKarena faktor genetik seperti pada hiperlipidemia primer

Manifestasi Penyakit Achondroplasia Di Rongga Mulut Ditinjau Dari Gambaran Radiografi

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Tengku Ayu Masitah

2009-01-01

Achondroplasia merupakan penyakit pertumbuhan tulang yang genetik (turunan) dan biasanya terjadi satu dari setiap 20.000 kelahiran. Achondroplasia sebagian besar berasal dari tipe dwarfism (kekerdilan). Gambaran radiografi pada penderita Achondroplasia menunjukkan adanya pembesaran tengkorak, penyempitan foramen magnum, frontal bossing, penekanan nasal bridge, hipoplasia maksila, protrusi mandibula melebihi jarak normal, garis tengah muka hipoplasia, maloklusi, beberapa gigi permanen yang te...

Pengaruh Ekstrak Akar Taraxacum Officinale (Dandelion) Dalam Mengaktifkan Gen Retenoid Acid Reseptor ?2 Untuk Menekan Pertumbuhan Kanker Payudara Melalui Proses Demetilasi Sehingga Menginduksi Proses Apoptosis

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-, Muliartha; Irawan, Wibi; Armenia, Fitri

2011-01-01

Saat ini, kanker payudara merupakan penyebab kedua kematian tertinggi pada wanita. Diagnostik serta pengobatan penyakit kanker berkembang cepat. Teori diagnostik dan terapi masih menggunakan konsep genetik, teori epigenetik belum banyak diungkap. Tujuan penelitian ini mengungkap peran teori epigenetik pada mekanisme terjadinya kanker payudara, serta alternatif pengobatannya. Desain rancangan penelitian survei deskriptif dan eksperimental murni deskriptifpost test only control group design in ...

STUDI MINERAL GEOKIMIA DAN MIKROTERMOMETRI MINERALISASI EMAS PADA BATUAN METAMORFIK DI PULAU BURU, PROVINSI MALUKU

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Irzal nur

2014-01-01

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tipe mineralisasi dan merekonstruksi model genetik primer dari endapan emas pada batuan metamorfik di daerah Gogorea dan Gunung Botak, Pulau Buru, Provinsi Maluku, berdasarkan studi mineralogi, geokimia, dan mikrotermometri inklusi fluida. Penelitian ini direncanakan dilaksanakan selama dua tahun, di mana pada tahun pertama dilakukan studi mineralogi dan geokimia untuk mendeterminasi karakteristik host rock metamorfik dan fasies metamorfismenya, alte...

MENGENAL RUMPUT LAUT, Kappaphycus alvarezii

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Andi Parenrengi

2007-06-01

ditas ini semakin banyak diminati. Indonesia merupakan penghasil rumput laut karaginan terbesar kedua dunia setelah Filipina. Untuk mengenal lebih dekat rumput laut tersebut, makalah ini akan memberikan gambaran secara umum dari karakteristik K. alvarezii yang meliputi taksonomi, morfologi, reproduksi, eko-fisiologi, dan distribusi, serta dilengkapi dengan dukungan hasil riset mengenai pertumbuhan dan analisis genetik antara dua perbedaan warna dari spesies rumput laut tersebut.

ESTIMASI HERITABILITAS UDANG GALAH (Macrobrachium rosenbergii BERBASIS PADA KERAGAMAN FENOTIP

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Lies Emmawati Hadie

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini dirancang untuk menghitung heritabilitas pada sifat bobot udang galah (Macrobrachium rosenbergii pada umur lima bulan. Lima full-sib dan 15 half-sib dipelihara pada dua tingkat salinitas yaitu 0‰ dan 10‰, dengan rata-rata bobot sebesar 5,6 g; dan  = 0,40 g. Komponen keragaman diestimasi dengan mixed model leastsquares dan maximum likelihood. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa respons genetik yang tinggi dapat diperoleh melalui seleksi bobot, karena nilai heritabilitas pada sifat tersebut relatif tinggi. Hasil penelitian ini juga memperlihatkan bahwa kisaran nilai h2 pada air tawar (0,509-0,866 dan air payau (0,235-0,499. Jadi nilai h2 pada air tawar lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan lingkungan air payau pada salinitas 10,0‰. Kisaran nilai h2 yang dicapai pada out-crossing antara koleksi Barito dengan Musi adalah 0,663±0,037-0,866±0,047. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk menghasilkan perbaikan mutu genetik pada udang galah dapat ditempuh melalui program seleksi yang dikombinasikan dengan metode pemijahan secara out-crossing.

Keragaman Jenis Salak Bangkalan {Salacca Zalacca (Gaertner) Voss} Menggunakan Penanda Morfologi Dan Analisis Isozim

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Ariestin, Yuliamita; Kuswanto, Kuswanto; Ashari, Sumeru

2015-01-01

Kabupaten Bangkalan merupakan salah satu daerah yang memiliki potensi cukup besar dalam sektor pertanian khususnya salak. Keragaman tanaman salak yang ada di Kabupaten Bangkalan perlu diidentifikasi untuk melihat sifat dan keragaman genetik. Untuk tujuan pemuliaan tanaman salak, telah dilakukan penelitian identifikasi tanaman pada bulan Februari sampai bulan Maret 2014. Berdasarkan hasil survey dan wawancara dengan petani telah ditemukan enam jenis tanaman salak antara lain salak Apel, Bunter...

TERNYATA IKAN NILA, Oreochromis niloticus MEMPUNYAI POTENSI YANG BESAR UNTUK DIKEMBANGKAN

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Supriyono Eko Wardoyo

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Ikan ini menjadi sangat populer setelah pertama kali diintroduksikan ke Indonesia pada tahun 1969 dari Taiwan. Ikan ini dikenal karena mudah berkembangbiak, pertumbuhannya cepat, anaknya banyak, ukuran badan relatif besar, tahan penyakit, sangat mudah beradaptasi dengan lingkungan, relatif murah harganya, dan enak dagingnya. Keunggulan ikan ini dapat dibuktikan dengan meningkatnya produksi budi daya ikan ini di Indonesia dari tahun 1993 sampai dengan tahun 2002. Daerah yang terbanyak menghasilkan ikan nila yang dibesarkan pada sistem kolam dan KJA adaIah Provinsi Jawa Barat. Pembudi daya umumnya sangat percaya keberhasilan usaha budi daya ikan nila karena produktivitasnya yang tinggi, dalam hal lingkungan mempunyai sifat yang tahan (resistant, dalam hal pakan secara alami adalah plankton feeder yang cenderung omnivorous, sehingga rantai makanannya pendek, dan dalam hal mutu genetik mempunyai sifat cepat per-tumbuhannya, apalagi dengan sistem monoseks jantan. Ikan ini mempunyai potensi yang sangat besar untuk dikembangkan. Potensi lahan budi daya di perairan umum di Indonesia seluas 141.690 ha baru dimanfaatkan sekitar 45,5% (64.469 ha yang penyebarannya terkonsentrasi di beberapa daerah saja. Di air payau ikan nila sangat berpotensi untuk dikembangkan di tambak-tambak udang intensif yang banyak ditelantarkan. Direktorat Jenderal Perikanan Budidaya menyatakan potensi nasional tambak sebesar 1 juta ha, pemanfaatannya baru 35% atau seluas 350.000 ha. Di air laut berdasarkan beberapa literatur pembesaran ikan nila merah masih bisa dilakukan. Lahan potensial budi daya di air Iaut diperkirakan mencapai 1,9 juta ha. Masalah-masalah yang masih ada seperti penyebaran tingkat pemanfaatan perairan umum, pemanfaatan Culture Based Fisheries di Jawa, dan pemodal besar yang hanya bertujuan mencari keuntungan yang sebesar-besarnya tanpa mem-pedulikan lingkungannya harus dipecahkan. Selain itu perlu peningkatan penyediaan dan distribusi fasilitas sarana produksi

Aspek Klinik, Genetik dan Molekuler Osteogensis Imperfekta

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Mariska Mariska

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Osteogenesis imperfects (OI is a heritable disorder of connective tissue that mainly affects the bones. Being always associated with bone fragility, it is also known as "brittle bone" disease. Multiple bone fractures with minimal or absent trauma, dentinogenesis imperfects, short stature, blue slerae, and in adult years, hearing loss. Most cases of OI, which is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, result from mutations affecting the genes COL1A1 (collagen type I alpha 1 and COL1A2 (collagen type I alpha 2 that encode pro-α 2 chains of type I collagen. The type I collagen molecule accounts for about 90% of the organic matrix of the bone. In addition, collagen forms a family of proteins that strengthen and support many tissues in the body, including cartilage, tendons, skin, and the white part of the eye (sclera. This paper aims to review the genetic contribution to OI.

Genetik og stressende livsbegivenheder interagerer ved depression

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kessing, Lars Vedel; Bukh, Jens Otto Drachmann

2013-01-01

The aim of the present review was to present clinical aspects of recent research in genes, the experience of stressful life events and depression. 60-70% experience a moderate to severe stressful life event half a year prior to the first onset of depression, whereas later depressive episodes...... to a lesser extent are preceded by stressful life events. Clinical features do not differ between depressions with or without prior stressful life events. Certain genetic variations in the serotonin receptor system seem to increase the risk of developing depression in relation to experiencing stressful life...

KERAGAMAN FENOTIPE TRUSS MORFOMETRIK DAN GENOTIPE IKAN GABUS (Channa striata DARI JAWA BARAT, SUMATERA SELATAN, DAN KALIMANTAN TENGAH

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Irin Iriana Kusmini

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Ikan gabus di Indonesia awalnya hanya terdapat di Barat garis Wallace (Sumatera, Jawa, dan Kalimantan yang kemudian diintroduksi ke Indonesia bagian Timur. Ikan gabus termasuk ke dalam deretan ikan air tawar sebagai sumber daya genetik untuk menunjang diversifikasi usaha budidaya. Guna menyukseskan program diversifikasi tersebut, maka perlu diketahui keragaman genetik ikan gabus dari Jawa Barat, Sumatera Selatan, dan Kalimantan Tengah agar dapat direkomendasikan sebagai dasar pemuliaan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis keragaman dan kekerabatan antara populasi ikan gabus dari Jawa Barat, Sumatera Selatan, dan Kalimantan tengah. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan analisis fenotipe terhadap 16 ekor ikan sampel dari masing-masing daerah tersebut, sedangkan untuk analisis keragaman genotipe masing-masing digunakan 10 ekor ikan dari setiap daerah. Analisis tersebut dilakukan melalui truss morfometrik dan RAPD dengan primer OPA-10, OPA-11, dan OPA-15. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keragaman berdasarkan truss morfometrik dan hasil PCR ikan gabus asal Sumatera Selatan lebih tinggi dibandingkan Kalimantan Tengah dan Jawa Barat. Kekerabatan ikan gabus Kalimantan Tengah lebih dekat dengan ikan gabus Sumatera Selatan dibandingkan dengan ikan gabus Jawa Barat. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai informasi untuk pertimbangan dalam program pemuliaan.

Evaluation of Somatic Embryogenesis Ability in Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre

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Priyono Priyono

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Embriogenesis somatik diharapkan sebagai metode perbanyakan tanaman yang sangat efektif pada kopi. Evaluasi dua jenis proses embriogenesis somatik, yaitu proses langsung dan tidak langsung akan bermanfaat untuk menggambarkan kemampuan proliferasi sel. Penelitian untuk mengevaluasi embriogenesis somatik kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora yang mempunyai tingkat keragaman genetik tinggi telah dilakukan di Nestlé R&D Centre Tours, Perancis. Bahan tanam menggunakan kopi Robusta koleksi Nestle Perancis dan tiga klon koleksi Pusat Penelitian Kopi dan Kakao Indonesia (Puslitkoka. Tiga aspek, yaitu proses embriogenesis, keragaman embriogenesis dan kemantapan embriogenesis dievaluasi dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa baik embriogenesis somatik langsung maupun tidak langsung dapat diamati. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kedua proses embriogenesis somatik tersebut merupakan dua mekanisme yang berbeda. Dalam penelitian ini ditunjukkan bahwa kemampuan embriognesis somatik tergantung pada genotipe, baik antar maupun di dalam kelompok genetik kopi Robusta, yaitu Congolese,Guinean dan Conillon. Lebih lanjut diketahui bahwa kedua proses embriogenesis somatik tersebut stabil terhadap indukan sebagai sumber eksplan. Kemampuan embriogenesis somatik tidak langsung ketiga klon Puslitkoka (BP409, BP961 dan Q121 sangat beragam, sehingga memberikan harapan adanya pola segregasi yang baik berdasarkan kemampuan embriogenesis somatik tidak langsung pada populasi yang dibuat dari silangan klon tersebut.Key words: Coffea canephora, somatic embryogenesis, variability, stability, genotype.

Beautiful Trees on Unstable Ground: Notes on the Data Problem in Lexicostatistics

OpenAIRE

Geisler , Hans; List , Johann-Mattis

2010-01-01

The manuscript was submitted in 2010, and is now still waiting for publication as:Geisler, H. and List, J.-M. (to appear in 201?): Beautiful trees on unstable ground: Notes on the dataproblem in lexicostatistics. In: Hettrich, Heinrich (ed.): Die Ausbreitung des Indogermanischen.Thesen aus Sprachwissenschaft, Archäologie und Genetik, Akten der Arbeitstagung derIndogermanischen Gesellschaft Würzburg, 24.-26. September 2009. Wiesbaden: Reichert.Please note that the content of this paper is outd...

Optimasi parameter neural network pada data time series

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Muzakir Hi Sultan

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Gempa bumi merupakan suatu pergerakan tanah yang terjadi secara tiba-tiba hingga menimbulkan getaran, besarnya kekuatan gempa dapat mengakibatkan bencana baik kerusakan maupun korban jiwa. Untuk mengantisipasi bencana yang akan datang maka diperlukan suatu model khususnya untuk meramalkan besarnya kekuatan gempa. Pada penelitian ini, digunakan model ARIMA dan model kombinasi dari Neural Network-Algoritma Genetik (NN-GA untuk memprediksi rata-rata kekuatan gempa bumi setiap bulan khususnya yang terjadi di wilayah Maluku Utara. Data yang digunakan adalah data kekuatan gempa berdasarkan skala richter yang diperoleh dari Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG kota Ternate. Sebagai input pada model ARIMA dan NN-GA digunakan rata-rata kekuatan gempa bumi 36 bulan dan rata-rata kekuatan gempa 36 bulan berikutnya digunakan sebagai target untuk prediksi. Untuk meng-update parameter (bobot dari Neural Network digunakan metode Gradient Descent dan untuk mendapatkan parameter yang lebih optimal pada layer Output, maka di diterapkan Algoritma Genetik. Hasil peramalan dari kedua model kemudian dibandingkan dan model terbaik ditentukan dari nilai Mean square Error (MSE yang terkecil. dari hasil peramalan dengan model ARIMA diperoleh MSE sebesar 1.0125, sedangkan pada model NN-GA diperoleh MSE sebesar 0.9196. Nilai tersebut, menunjukkan bahwa model NN-GA lebih baik dari model ARIMA untuk peramalan rata-rata kekuatan gempa bumi beberapa bulan ke depan

Bioetika i genetika. Medicinska praksa između eugenike i jatrogene bolesti

OpenAIRE

MATULIĆ, Tonči

2005-01-01

Nema nikakve sumnje da je tzv. nova genetika predstavljala važnu pokretačku snagu u nastajanju bioetike. Sintagma nova genetika pretpostavlja postojanje stare genetike. Datum koji lomi genetiku na staru i novu je 1953. godina. Spuštanje bioloških istraživanja na molekularnu razinu organizma nagovijestilo je stvaranje jedne nove prirodoznanstvene i humanističke epohe. Brzi razvoj molekularne biologije je zamijenio staru eugeniku novom eugenikom. Stara je pročišćena od znanstveno neutemeljenih ...

ANALISIS FENOTIP DAN GENETIK AYAM TOLAKI PADA MASA PERTUMBUHAN

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Rusli Badaruddin

2013-10-01

components of variance. The components of variance were used for estimating genetic parameters especially the heritability of the growth phase of Tolaki chicken. The results indicated that the growth of male chicken was faster than a rooster chicken. The heritability of growth trait based on the sire variance component (ĥ2 s was high and had positive value at 0 to 12 weeks age. (Keywords: Chicken Tolaki, Genotype, Growth, Heritability, henotypes

Pendugaan Jarak Genetik pada Itik Cihateup, Cirebon dan Mojosari

OpenAIRE

A. Tapyadi; C. Sumantri; B. Brahmantiyo; A. Muzani

2005-01-01

A study on morphological body conformation of Cihateup, Cirebon and Mojosari ducks was carried out to determine the genetic distance and discriminant variables. The research was done at PT Dwi Mitra Daq, Gunung Sindur, Bogor, using 30 Cihateup, 30 Cirebon and 30 Mojosari ducks, from September to November 2004. Length of neck, wing, circumference of chest, deep chest, body weight, circumference of tarsometatarsus, length of chest, third digit, tarsometatarsus, tibia, femur and maxilla were mea...

Pendugaan Jarak Genetik Pada Itik Cihateup, Cirebon Dan Mojosari

OpenAIRE

Muzani, A; Brahmantiyo, B; Sumantri, C; Tapyadi, A

2005-01-01

A study on morphological body conformation of Cihateup, Cirebon and Mojosari ducks was carried out to determine the genetic distance and discriminant variables. The research was done at PT Dwi Mitra Daq, Gunung Sindur, Bogor, using 30 Cihateup, 30 Cirebon and 30 Mojosari ducks, from September to November 2004. Length of neck, wing, circumference of chest, deep chest, body weight, circumference of tarsometatarsus, length of chest, third digit, tarsometatarsus, tibia, femur and maxilla were mea...

İki Kardeşte Görülen Tay-Sachs Hastalığı

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KÜÇÜKÖDÜK, Ş.

2010-01-01

In view of two cases of autosomal recessive Tay-Sachs disease which affected two siblings, genetic consultation has been once more emphasized. The clinical features of this entity has been reviewed under the information obtained from recent literature. Otozomal resesif geçiş gösteren ve iki kardeşide etkiliyen Tay-Sachs hastalığında, genetik danışmanın önemi bir kez daha vurgulandı. Bu hastalığın klinik özellikleri literatür bilgilerinin ışığı altında gözden geçirildi....

Bartter sendromu Derleme

OpenAIRE

Önal, Hasan; Adal, Erdal; Ercan, Oya

2014-01-01

Bartter Sendromu hipokalemik metabolik alkaloz sekonder hiperaldosteronizm ve hiperreninemiye karşın normal sınırlarda kan basıncı ve jükstaglomerüler hiperplazi ile belirgindir Çocuklarda somatik gelişme geriliğinin nadir görülen nedenlerinden biridir Bartter sendromu’nun klinik ve genetik açıdan üç farklı şekli bildirilmiştir Neonatal Bartter sendromu klasik nbsp; Bartter sendromu ve Gitelman sendromu adı verilen bu varyasyonlar “Bartter benzeri sendrom” başlığı altında birleştirilmiştir...

Organik Balık Üretimi'nin Mevcut Durumu.

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Ahmet Adem Tekinay

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Doğal koşullar altında, hiçbir koruyucu katkı maddesi ve genetik modifikasyona maruz bırakılmamış organik tarım prensiplerine göre üretilmiş tamamen doğal olan hammaddelerden hazırlanan yemlerle beslenen ve bir kontrol kuruluşunda sertifikalanan balıklar “organik balık” olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Organik balık, daha düşük stok yoğunluğu ile hayvanın refahını sağlayan, pestisid, kimyasal ürün ve genetik olarak değişime uğramamış ürünler kullanmayarak insan sağlığına önem veren bir üretim modelidir. Dünyanın birçok gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkesinde uygulanan bu alternatif üretim modeli, dünya akauakültür üretiminin sadece %0,01’ini oluşturmasına rağmen, bu ürüne olan talep üretim miktarının ve piyasaya sürülen tür çeşitliliğinin artmasına sebep olmuştur. Bununla birlikte, organik su ürünleri üretimi, organik tarım kadar hızlı gelişememiştir. Bu durumun en büyük nedenlerinden biri organik su ürünleri için geliştirilmiş uluslar arası standartların olmamasıdır

ARDUİNO TEKNOLOJİSİ KULLANILARAK TARLA İÇİN RADYASYON KAPI KONTROLÜ TASARIMI

OpenAIRE

KAYAALP, Kıyas; ÖZKORUCUKLU, Suat

2015-01-01

Günümüzde, dünyanın bazı ülkelerinde sayıları binlerle ifade edilebilen, hızlandırıcı merkezleri farklı bilim dallarına (Fizik, Tıp, Genetik, Arkeoloji, Ulusal Güvenlik, Enerji Üretimi, Madencilik, vb.) hizmet etmektedir. Hızlandırıcı merkezleri operasyonları nedeniyle ani ve dolaylı radyolojik kirlenmeye neden olduklarından, radyasyon üreten bu tesislerde radyasyon güvenliği en önemli unsurlardan birisidir. Bu çalışmada, TARLA (Ankara Türk Hızlandırıcı ve Radyasyon Laboratuvarı) tesisinin ra...

Studi Molekuler pada Instabilitas Genetik : Mekanisme Kerusakan DNA dan Proses Perbaikannya

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Yani Corvianindya

2015-11-01

Full Text Available The life survival of individuals depends on their DNA stability. Radiation exposure, physical and chemical change, and also replication errors can induce DNA lesions. Multiple pathways are involved in the maintenance of genetic integrity, most link to the cell cycle. By arresting the cell cycle, checkpoints allow cells to repair DNA when damage to the genome is detected. Genes induced in genetic instability to respond to DNA damage include ATM, p53, p21, BRCA1 and Chk2. Cells have various DNA repair systems to keep homeostasis condition with enzymes that search for some changes or distortion to be repaired.

PERFORMA BENIH TERIPANG PASIR, Holothuria scabra DARI SUMBER INDUK YANG BERBEDA

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Sari Budi Moria Sembiring

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Upaya pengembangan perbenihan teripang pasir bagi kelestarian populasi di alam dan pengembangan budidaya patut dilakukan. Upaya ini diperlukan mengingat semakin intensifnya penangkapan teripang di alam yang dapat menimbulkan terganggunya kelestarian populasi ini. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi performa pertumbuhan benih teripang pasir, mendapatkan informasi keragaman genetik dan mengestimasi laju inbreeding dari 3 sumber induk teripang yang berbeda. Tiga sumber induk berasal dari perairan Bali, Sulawesi Selatan, dan Maluku Tenggara masing-masing sebanyak 20 ekor dianalisis menggunakan mikrosatelit (SSR/Simple Sequence Repeats dengan 3 lokus, yaitu Hsc-28; Hsc-49 dan Hsc-59. Proses pembenihan mengikuti pedoman teknis yang sudah ada dengan beberapa modifikasi. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa panjang dan bobot benih umur 6 bulan yang dihasilkan dari induk Maluku Tenggara relatif lebih tinggi (5,67 ± 0,76 cm; 13,26 ± 5,63 g dibandingkan dengan benih dari induk Sulawesi Selatan (4,75 ± 0,91 cm; 6,3 ± 2,22 g dan Bali (4,85 ± 0,64 cm; 6,2 ± 3,6 g. Hasil analisis mikrosatelit menunjukkan bahwa keragaman genetik induk teripang pasir dari ke tiga populasi tidak berbeda nyata. Hal ini berdasarkan nilai differensiasi genetik (FST= 0,2475 atau 24,75%. Laju nilai inbreeding dalam populasi induk teripang pasir cukup tinggi (FIT= 0,4237 atau 42,37% dibandingkan dengan laju inbreeding antar populasi (FIS adalah 0,2342 atau 23,42%. The effort of sea cucumber seed production for culture development have to be carried out. This effort is also required due to the intensive exploration of sea cucumber in the nature which could threaten of its sustainability. The aims of this research is to evaluate sea cucumber juveniles growth performance, to obtain the information on genetic variation, and to estimate the rate of inbreeding from three different sea cucumber broodstock sources. Three sources of sea cucumber were collected from Bali

Faktor Risiko Asma Pada Murid Sekolah Dasar Usia 6-7 Tahun di Kota Padang

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Afdal .

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Abstrak Latar belakang : Asma merupakan penyakit kronik yang sering dijumpai pada anak. Dilaporkan bahwa prevalens asma meningkat pada anak maupun dewasa. Usia 6-7 tahun merupakan periode dimana prevalens asma dan angka kunjungan ke rumah sakit karena asma lebih tinggi. Terjadinya asma dianggap sebagai interaksi yang kompleks antara faktor genetik dan faktor lingkungan. Faktor genetik sudah dibuktikan dari penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya, tetapi karakteristik faktor risiko lingkungan pada asma belum jelas. Apabila melihat derajat peningkatan kejadian asma, tidak mungkin hanya faktor genetik yang berperan, tetapi peran faktor lingkungan justru yang lebih besar. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui prevalens dan faktor risiko asma pada anak SD usia 6-7 tahun di Kota Padang.Metoda : Suatu penelitian cross sectional di 20 SD di Kota Padang pada bulan Juni – November 2009 dengan jumlah sampel 879 orang. Terhadap setiap subjek dilakukan penelitian yaitu pembagian kuisioner ISAAC (international study of asthma and allergies in childhood untuk orang tua. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji chi-square untuk variabel katagorik dan analisis multivariat dengan regresi logistik. Data dianalisis menggunakan peranti lunak komputer.Hasil : Prevalens asma pada murid SD usia 6-7 tahun di Kota Padang berdasarkan kuisioner ISAAC sebesar 8%. Faktor yang paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap kejadian asma adalah atopi ayah atau ibu, diikuti faktor berat badan lahir dan kebiasaan merokok pada ibu serta pemberian obat parasetamol. Sedangkan pemberian ASI dan kontak dengan unggas merupakan faktor protektif terhadap kejadian asma. Kata kunci: faktor risiko, asma, sekolah dasar Abstract Background: Background Asthma is a common chronic disease in children. It had been reported that the prevalence of asthma in children and adults was increasing. The age of 6-7 years is the period where the prevalence and the number of visits to the hospital because of asthma are higher. The

SELEKSI SPESIES ADAPTIF PADA DAERAH KERING UNTUK ANTISIPASI PERUBAHAN IKLIM GLOBAL

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Rina Laksmi Hendrati

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Kementerian Kehutanan, melalui Badan Litbang Kehutanan yang dituangkan dalam Roadmap 2010-2025 telah mencanangkan kegiatan untuk mengantisipasi terjadinya perubahan iklim global. Berbagai Rencana Penelitian Integratif (RPI telah ditetapkan termasuk RPI Adaptasi Bioekologi dan Sosial Ekonomi Budaya terhadap Perubahan Iklim yang diinisiasi pada tahun 2010. Dalam RPI ini salah satu penelitian dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi berbagai spesies pohon dari berbagai provenans yang potensial untuk mengantisipasi perubahan iklim dengan penekanan untuk tujuan pengujian pada daerah kering. Pada makalah ini, hasil identifikasi dan seleksi yang dilakukan tahun 2010 didiskusikan. Identifikasi dari daerah bercurah hujan rendah (<1000-1500mm/tahun di Indonesia (Sulawesi, Madura, JawaTimurdanNusaTenggaraTimursertaseleksidenganmempertimbangkantampilansebagaipohon, manfaat, kemungkinannya untuk koleksi materi genetik, rekomendasi dan beberapa kriteria lain akhirnyamendapatkan29spesies potensialyangadaptifpadadaerahkeringuntukdiujilebihlanjut.

Emanuel Sendromu

OpenAIRE

M, Kazandı; V, Turan; B, Zeybek; A, rgon

2010-01-01

35 yaşında daha önceden 1 aylık spontan abortusu bulunan ve miad sezaryen doğum ile 3300gr sağlıklı çocuğu olan hastada şimdiki gebeliğinde yapılan 2. düzey taramasında ; nukal foldda kalınlaşma, diafragma hernisi, komplet endokardial yastık defekti ve trunkus arteriosis saptanması üzerine amniosentez yapıldı ve gebelik sonlandırılmasına gidildi. Misoprostol 200mg 6x1 uygulandı. Yapılan genetik incelemede 47, .. , +der(22) t(11,22) (q25;q13) saptandı. Aileye yapılan kromozom analizinde an...

Reproductive Performance and Preweaning Mortality of Peranakan Etawah Goat under a Production System of Goat Farming Group in Gumelar Banyumas

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A Sodiq

2008-05-01

Full Text Available Program pengembangan dan perbaikan sistim produksi peternakan dapat diawali dengan penilaian terhadap potensi suatu bangsa ternak melalui serangkaian proses pencatatan, evaluasi on-farm, dan monitoring. Tujuan kajian ini adalah (1 mengetahui penampilan reproduksi dan kematian cempe prasapih Kambing Peranakan Etawah pada sistim produksi di kelompok tani ternak kambing Gumelar Banyumas, dan (2 mengetahui faktor-faktor non-genetik yang berpengaruh terhadap penampilan reproduksi dan kematian cempe prasapih.  Digunakan kompilasi data penampilan reproduksi dan kematian cempe prasapih hasil penelitian lapang melibatkan 562 cempe dan 344 ekor induk kambing. Uji Chi-Square dan prosedur General Linear Model (GLM diterapkan untuk menguji faktor-fator non-genetik (jenis kelamin, tipe kelahiran, paritas yang berpengaruh  terhadap jumlah anak sekelahiran, kematian cempe prasapih, dan jarak beranak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rataan kematian cempe prasapih sebesar 5,9%. Kematian cempe prasapih betina (6,3% nyata lebih tinggi  daripada jantan (5,4%. Kejadian kematian cempe prasapih paling sering dijumpai pada kelahiran kembar tiga (16,7%, sedangkan pada kelahiran kembar dua dan tunggal masing-masing sebesar 5,6% dan  2,9%.  Kematian cempe prasapih dipengaruhi oleh paritas induk, dan kecenderungan menurun dengan peningkatan paritas.  Rataan jumlah anak sekelahiran sebesar 1,64 ekor, dan dipengaruhi sangat nyata oleh paritas induk. Induk pada paritas 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, dan 7 menghasilkan jumlah anak sekelahiran berturut-turut 1,45; 1,71; 1,73; 1.95; 1,76; 1,83; dan 2,13 ekor.  Rataan jarak beranak 285 hari dan nyata dipengaruhi oleh faktor paritas induk dan tipe kelahiran.  Jarak beranak nyata lebih pendek dengan peningkatan paritas induk (1-7 berturut-turut adalah 319, 271, 261, 234, 236, 230, dan 228 hari. Jarak beranak nyata dipengaruhi oleh tipe kelahiran,  pada kelahiran tunggal rataan jarak beranak (308 hari nyata lebih pendek dibandingkan pada

HEREDITARY NON-POLYPOSIS COLORECTAL CANCER (LYNCH SYNDROME PADA WANITA UMUR 16 TAHUN

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Asril Zahari

2011-09-01

Full Text Available AbstrakKanker kolorektal menduduki peringkat ketiga jenis kanker yang paling sering terjadi di dunia. Sekitar 3% kasus kanker kolorektal merupakan jenis hereditary non polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC/Lynch syndrome, yang sering muncul pada usia muda. Dilaporkan satu kasus di rumah sakit Dr. M. Djamil Padang, wanita berumur 16 tahun dengan keluhan nyeri perut kanan bawah. Didapatkan riwayat penyakit serupa pada kakek, bibi pasien dan enam anggota keluarga yang lain. Pada pemeriksaan fisik abdomen teraba massa dengan konsistensi keras dan terfiksir. Pada kolonoskopi dan biopsi ditemukan tumor jenis adenocarcinoma colon moderatly differentiated di fleksura hepatika dan polip di kolon sigmoid. Berdasarkan kriteria Amsterdam pasien didiagnosa Lynch syndrome. Pada Pasien dilakukan subtotal kolektomi, anastomose ileorectal dan kemoterapi ajuvan. Identifikasi genetik sedang dikerjakan untuk melihat adanya kelainan genetik pada pasien. Pasien melakukan skrining berkala untuk mencegah kanker HNPCC jenis yang lain.Kata kunci : Hereditary non polyposis colorectal cancer, Lynch syndrome, Microsatellite instability, skrining.AbstractCarcinoma colorectal is the third most common type of cancer that occurs in the world. About 2% -3% of cases of colorectal cancer is hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC/Lynch syndrome, which often appear at a young age. Amsterdam and Bethesda criteria have been used to identify patients with Lynch syndrome.one case was reported at the Dr. M. Djamil Padang hospital, a 16-year-old girl with right lower abdominal pain. Obtained a history of similar disease in grandparents, aunts and six other family members. On physical examination found palpable fixed abdominal mass with hard consistency in the lower right abdomen. At colonoscopy and biopsy found a moderatly differentiated adenocarcinoma colon type at the hepatic flexure and the sigmoid colon polyp. Based on the Amsterdam criteria, patients diagnosed with HNPCC

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KONSUMEN PRODUK PANGAN OLAHAN YANG MENGANDUNG BAHAN REKAYASA GENETIK

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Suyadi Suyadi

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Obligation to write a description of genetically engineered food manunjukkan does not mean that the product of genetic engineering that use materials are not safe, but the subscription is more information, because basically the food products that have been circulating in the market is a product that is safe for consumption means that products are free from material substances that are harmful to humans and how the processing should ensure the safety of the product, therefore the information in the form of inclusion of the words "Food Genetic Engineering" is intended to meet the consumers' right to choose the right form of goods or services to be consumed, which in this case is part of legal protection for consumers. Keywords: Protection Law, Consumer Protection Act, Genetic Engineering of Food, Consumer, Entrepreneur

Strukturalisme Genetik Lucien Goldmann dalam Novel Orang-Orang Proyek Karya Ahmad Tohari

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Dewi Nurhasanah

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Article clarified structure, global view of social class, and social structure function as the background of Orang-orang Proyek, a novel by Ahmad Tohari. Research applied analytic and dialectic descriptive method. Analysis was done by applying Genetic Structuralism theory by Lucien Goldmann to see the meaning of the novel by relating the structure of the novel with the human facts (social structure as a background of the novel. The research results indicate that the novel structure described some oppositions, those are cultural, natural, social, and human oppositions; the novel’s structure expresses a global views, those are ideal-humanist and social-religious; when the novel was written, there were some corruption cases in the social structure in Indonesia that was adopted in the novel. Therefore, there seems a correlation between the novel structure and the social structure. 

Identifikasi dan Karakterisasi Sumber Daya Genetik Buah-Buahan Lokal di Kabupaten Badung

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I GEDE SUDARMIKA

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Identification and Characterization of Genetic Resources of Local Fruits inBadung Regency. Local fruit are all species of fruits developed and cultivated in Bali,while the local fruit products are all productsderived from fruit plants that are still fresh orthat have been processed. This study aimed to identify the species of genetic resources oflocal fruits in Badung Regency, profiling the genetic resources concerning the morphologicalcharacters, usebility, production, superior fruit, harvest fruit, and geographic distribution mapsof genetic resources. The research was done in all Districts in Badung regency, Province ofBali, namely Petang, Mengwi, Abiansemal, North Kuta, Kuta and South Kuta. Conductedfrom February to September 2015. The research consisted of collecting secondarydata,collecting primary data, surveying genetic resources and species distribution, determiningmorphological characters, determining the superior fruit, and compiling geographical maps.The research found 34 species and 51 sub-species of local fruits in six districts. Based on thevalue of Location Quotient Badung Regency has eight superior fruits commodied that areavocado, durian, guava, jackfruit, pineapple, banana, sapodilla, and watermelon.

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KONSUMEN PRODUK PANGAN OLAHAN YANG MENGANDUNG BAHAN REKAYASA GENETIK

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Suyadi

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Obligation to write a description of genetically engineered food manunjukkan does not mean that the product of genetic engineering that use materials are not safe, but the subscription is more information, because basically the food products that have been circulating in the market is a product that is safe for consumption means that products are free from material substances that are harmful to humans and how the processing should ensure the safety of the product, therefore the information in the form of inclusion of the words "Food Genetic Engineering" is intended to meet the consumers' right to choose the right form of goods or services to be consumed, which in this case is part of legal protection for consumers.

Karakterisasi Keragaman Genetik Populasi Jabon Putih Menggunakan Penanda Random Amplified Polymorphism Dna

OpenAIRE

Nurtjahtjaningsih, ILG; Qiptiyah, Maryatul; Yudohartono, Tri Pamungkas; Widyatmoko, AYPBC; Rimbawanto, Anto

2014-01-01

Anthocepalus cadamba (white jabon) has high economical value for furniture. White jabon forests severely degraded due to intensive exploitation and land conversion. Genetic diversity is one of important consideration to design conservation and improvement strategies. Aim of this study was to access the genetic diversity values within and among population of white jabon. Leaf samples of white jabon were collected from conservation plots originated from West Lombok, Sumbawa, South Sumatera and ...

Identifikasi Keragaman Genetik Gen 12S Ribomsom RNA Sebagai Penanda Genetik untuk Penentuan Spesies Kuskus (IDENTIFICATION OF GENETIC DIVERSITY 12SRRNA GENES AS GENETIC MARKER FOR DETERMINING SPECIES CUSCUS

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Rini Widayanti

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Cuscus is marsupial’s animal (Phalageridae which has limited spread in eastern Indonesia (Sulawesi,Maluku, Papua, Australia and Papua New Guinea. The ex-situ and in-situ conservation of cuscus undercaptivating condition is an alternative solution to protect cuscus from extinction. This study aimed todetermine nucleotide sequence and genetic markers on 12Sr RNA gene with sequencing method of eachspecies on three islands. Whole genome DNA was extracted from 17 samples of cuscus obtained fromdifferent habitats, Sulawesi (2 individual, Maluku (7 individual, and Papua (8 individual according tothe protocol of Qiamp DNA Blood Mini Kit (Qiagen, and then it was used as template for amplificationof 12Sr RNA gene by using PCR. PCR product were then purified using column chromatography and wereused as template for sequencing reaction. Result sequencing of 12Sr RNA gene were analyzed usingMEGA program version 6. PCR product gives a result nucleotida of 958 bp according to databasegenebank, sequencing product gives result nucleotida of 896 bp and found of 105 different nucleotide sites.Filogram based on nucleotide sequences 12SrRNA gene from Sulawesi cuscus is Ailurops ursinus whereasthe cuscus from Papua and Maluku is Phalanger sp. and Spilocuscus maculatus species. Thirteen nucleotidasites were found, sites no 67 (A/G, 89 (G/C, 137 (T/C, 285 (G/A, 468 (T/C, 595 (T/C, 598 (T/C, 647 (T/C,654 (G/A, 665 (T/C, 769 (C/T, 874 (C/T, and 876 (A/G which can be used as genetic marker betweenPhalanger genera from Papua and Maluku, and three nucleotida sites (sites no 127 (G/A, 481 (C/T, and885 (T/C can be used as genetic marker between Spilocuscus genera from Papua and Maluku.

Sığırlarda Suni Tohumlama Uygulamaları Yönünden Genomik Seleksiyonun Önemi

OpenAIRE

INANÇ, Muhammed Enes; DAŞKIN, Ali

2015-01-01

 Ekonomik önemi olan verim özelliklerinin çok sayıda gen tarafından belirleniyor olması, hayvan ıslahını karmaşık bir bilim haline getirmektedir. Hayvan ıslahının temel taşlarından biri olan damızlık seçiminde, kullanılmakta olan yöntemlerde generasyon aralığının uzun olması nedeniyle genetik ilerleme hızı da yavaş olmaktadır. Bu nedenle, genomik seleksiyon damızlık seçimi, damızlık kontrolü ve ıslah çalışmalarına hız kazandırmaktadır. Bu seleksiyon yoluyla boğa seçimi sayesinde, boğalar daha...

Variasi Genetik Gen Myostatin Ekson 3 pada Sembilan Bangsa Kambing Lokal di Indonesia

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Rissa Herawati Ginting

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Myostatin gene plays a role in helping to control the growth and development of muscle tissue. Identification of genetic diversity in nine local goat breeds in Indonesia has done. The aim of this study was to obtain information myostatin gene diversity of exon 3 in local goats in Indonesia. The total of 10 samples was selected from 80 samples of goat's blood collected comprising each sample of the population of goats breeds, i.e., Samosir, Muara, Kacang, Costa, Peranakan Etawah, Boerawa, Gembrong, Boer, and Boerka goats. The gene diversity and nucleotide base changes were identified by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR and sequencing techniques. The analysis showed that there is eight variant identified in appropriate with those found in sequencing results. Deletion variations were found in Costa and Samosir goats in T552- and G560-. Substitution variations were found in Gembrong (A7C & A11T, Peranakan Etawah (T10A & A11T, Burawa (T10A & A11T, Muara (A11T, Samosir (A11T, and Boerka (A182T, T437A, T439A, & A445G. Variations on the chromatogram peak overlapping contained in the base position to 13. Analysis of variance showed that there was a special mutation in exon 3 that affects the amino acid tyrosine into lysine. Variants were found in nine goat breeds associated with phylogenetic and genetic distance of goats, Boerka goat has the highest level of genetic variation, it indicated that Boerka goat was crossbreed

Buzağılarda Preruminant Dönem Beslenmesinin Rumen Gelişimi Üzerine Etkisi

OpenAIRE

Gümüş, Erinç

2018-01-01

Beslenme, hızlı gelişen ve yüksek verime sahip hayvanların elde edilmesinde genetik faktörler kadar önem taşımaktadır. Buzağılarda, özellikle sütten kesim öncesinde sağlıklı bir rumen gelişimi sağlamak, hem kuru yem tüketimine geçişi hızlandırarak maliyeti azaltmada, hem de fizyolojik gelişimi hızlandırmada fayda sağlamaktadır. Buzağıların sütten kesim öncesi beslenmesinde katı gıdalar rumen gelişimi açısından büyük öneme sahiptir. Yapılan çalışmalarda konsantre yemlerin içerdikleri bütirik v...

ANALISIS SEKUEN GEN GLUTATION PEROKSIDASE (GPX1 SEBAGAI DETEKSI STRES OKSIDATIF AKIBAT INFEKSI MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS

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Ari Yuniastuti

2013-02-01

Full Text Available Glutation merupakan antioksidan yang berperan dalam fungsi imun, dan diekspresikan secara genetik oleh urutan gen yang membentuk protein enzim Glutation Peroxidase (GPx1. Bila ekspresi gen berubah maka terjadi perubahan fungsi glutation dan kerentanan terhadap stress oksidatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah Kasus-kontrol. Sampel yang digunakan adalah sampel darah. Kelompok kasus adalah sampel darah pasien tuberkulosis paru sedangkan kelompok kontrol adalah sampel darah orang sehat. Pemeriksaan gen Glutation peroxidase (GPx1 menggunakan metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR untuk melihat pita DNA pada pasien tuberkulosis par serta elektroforesis produk PCR-RFLP gen GPx1 kelompok sampel tuberkulosis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara polimorfisme gen GPx1 (p=0,365 pasein tuberkulois dengan individu sehat, sehingga tidak dapat digunakan sebagai alat deteksi kerentanan terhadap stress oksidatif pada pasien tuberkulosis. Perlu penelitian lanjutan yang menggunakan sampel lebih besar dan populasi etnik yang berbeda.

BAĞDA SİLKME VE SİLKMEYE NEDEN OLAN FAKTÖRLER

OpenAIRE

BAHAR, ELMAN; KORKUTAL, İLKNUR; DOĞAN, AHU ZÜBEYDE

2009-01-01

Bağda görülen önemli problemlerden biri olan silkme üzerine birçok çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu derleme ile tür ve çeşitlerin fizyolojik ve genetik özellikleri, toprak koşulları, iklim, hastalık ve zararlılar ile yetersiz ve hatalı kültürel işlemler sonucu meydana gelen silkmenin nedenleri açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu kapsamda; fizyolojik kökenli silkme başlığı altında; asmanın gelişme kuvveti, kusurlu çiçek yapısı, yetersiz tozlanma ve döllenme üzerinde durulmuştur. İklim kökenli silkme ana başl...

Review: Implementasi Holap Untuk Optimasi Query Sistem Basis Data Terdistribusi Dengan Pendekatan Algoritma Genetik

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Rahmad Syaifudin

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Distributed Database is one of database that is under control of the Database Management System (DBMS was focused on storage devices are separated from one and another. Optimization data query on distributed database system not be separated from data processing methods that used. Then for fast query optimization this database need some required methods that can optimize it. Hybrid online analytical processing (HOLAP or often to call Hybrid-OLAP is one of technology for optimization query on distributed database. Genetic Algorithm is one of algorithm for heuristic searching was based on the mechanisms of biological evolution. Process of genetic algorithm is combining a selection process, using a crossover operator and mutation to get the best solution. From the reviews about implementation HOLAP with Genetic Algorithm approach was expected being used as a basis research on HOLAP implementation for query optimization on distributed database with genetic algorithm approach. Keywords : Query Optimization; Distributed database; HOLAP; OLAP; Genetetic algorithm.

Research and development activities 1984 of KFK Institut fuer Genetik und Toxikologie von Spaltstoffen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1985-02-01

The annual report describes the R+D activities in 1984. Most of the projects were long-term research projects in the fields of gene repair and regulation, biological carcinogenesis, radiation toxicology of actinides, biochemistry of actinides and other heavy metals, biophysic aspects of organometallic compounds, and biochemical fundamentals of gene repair. A new research project is entitled 'Molecular genetics of eukaryontic genes'. (MG) [de

Hver femte tilfælde af multipel sklerose anses for arveligt

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Binzer, Stefanie; Binzer, Michael; Kyvik, Kirsten Ohm

2015-01-01

Ved familiær multipel sklerose (MS) forekommer der et øget antal MS-tilfælde i en familie i forhold til for- ventet. Der findes ingen præcis definition af familiær MS, men i de fleste studier inkluderer man familie- medlemmer op til tredje led fra probanden. Op til 20% af alle MS-tilfælde er......, hvilket tydeligt ses på stamtræet (Figur 2). I tvillingestudier har man påvist en kon- kordansrate for monozygote tvillinger (MZ) på min- dre en 100%, men samtidig en væsentlig højere konkordansrate for MZ- end for dizygote (DZ)-par, hvilket tyder på, at genetik spiller en rolle, men at MS er...... multifaktoriel. I denne artikel gennemgås, hvad man i dag ved om familiær MS, og det beskrives, hvordan MS- familier og isolerede befolkningsgrupper kan bidrage til øget genetisk viden om MS....

TESİS DÜZENLEMESİ PROBLEMİNDE YEREL ARAMA SEZGİSELİ KULLANAN BİR GENETİK ALGORİTMA : MEMETİK ALGORİTMA YAKLAŞIMI

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Orhan TÜRKBEY

2002-02-01

Full Text Available Memetik Algoritmalar (MA, evrimsel algoritmalar içinde Yerel Arama (YA tekniklerini kullanan ve Genetik Algoritma (GA'lara benzeyen melez (hibrid yapılı algoritmalardır. Bu çalışmada, Kuadratik Atama Problemi (KAP için 2-opt benzeri bir YA sezgiseli kullanan memetik yapılı bir algoritma geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen MA'da KAP için daha önce kullanılmamış bir çaprazlama operatörü uygulanmış, çözüm çeşitliliğini artırmak için ise Eshelman prosedüründen yararlanılmıştır. Geliştirilen MA, QAP-LIB'den alınan test problemler üzerinde denenerek, sonuçlar literatürdeki mevcut teknikler ile karşılaştırılmıştır.

PERUBAHAN KARAKTER KUANTITATIF MUCUNA PRURIENS GENERASI M1 PASCA IRRADIASI SINAR GAMMA CO-60

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Yustinus Ulung Anggraito

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Koro benguk (Mucuna pruriens berpotensi sebagai bahan substitusi kedelai. Keragaman genetik koro benguk termasuk kategori rendah, sehingga perlu ditingkatkan keragaman genetiknya terutama pada faktor-faktor produksi. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendapatkan informasi mutasi mikro pada koro benguk generasi M1 setelah diradiasi dengan sinar gamma dari Cobalt-60. Benih koro benguk diperoleh dari Balai Pengembangan Perbenihan Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura (BP2TPH Ngipiksari, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Radiasi sinar gamma dilakukan di PAIR BATAN Pasar Jumat, Jakarta. Dosis radiasi gamma yang digunakan adalah 0; 25 Gy, 50 Gy; 100 Gy; 150 Gy, 200 Gy, dan 250 Gy. Eksperimen dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK. Parameter yang diamati adalah umur berbunga, jumlah polong, jumlah biji, berat 100 biji tanaman generasi M1. Data dianalisis menggunakan Anava, dilanjutkan dengan Uji Beda Nyata Duncan (DMRT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan dosis radiasi sinar gamma akan memperpanjang hari munculnya bunga dan berat biji, namun menurunkan jumlah polong dan jumlah biji pada tanaman generasi M1.

EVALUASI VARIASI FENOTIPE DAN GENOTIPE POPULASI IKAN TAMBAKAN DARI JAWA BARAT, KALIMANTAN TENGAH, DAN JAMBI DENGAN TRUSS MORFOMETRIK DAN RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA (RAPD

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Anang Hari Kristanto

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Ikan tambakan (Helostoma temminckii digemari sebagai ikan konsumsi, di daerah Sumatera dan Kalimantan. Dalam rangka pengembangan budidayanya melalui program domestikasi, informasi terkait variasi fenotipe dan genotipe induk asal perlu dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan karakteristik fenotipe dan genotipe ikan tambakan dari Jawa Barat, Kalimantan Tengah, dan Jambi. Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Tawar dan Penyuluhan Perikanan (BRPBATPP, Bogor. Data diperoleh melalui pengukuran jarak bagian tubuh berdasarkan metode truss morphometric dan analisis DNA menggunakan metode RAPD. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa nilai polimorfisme (81,25% dan heterozigositas (0,3544 tertinggi terdapat pada populasi ikan tambakan asal Kalimantan Tengah. Jarak genetik tertinggi antara populasi Jambi dengan Kalimantan Tengah sebesar 0,1452; sedangkan jarak genetik terendah adalah 0,1044 yaitu antara populasi Jambi dengan Jawa Barat. Berdasarkan uji karakter morfometrik diketahui terdapat 13 karakter yang berbeda nyata yaitu A1, A2, A4, A5, B3, C1, C3, C4, C5, D3, D4, D5, dan D6. Populasi Jambi dengan Jawa Barat memiliki hubungan kekerabatan lebih dekat dibanding dengan populasi Kalimantan Tengah. Kissing gouramy (Helostoma temminckii is a favored fish for consumption in Sumatra and Kalimantan area. Currently, information related to phenotypic variation and genotypes of the original broodstocks of kissing gouramy is limited to develop the fish’s culture technology through a domestication program. Therefore, the study was conducted to determine the characteristics of phenotype, and genotype of original kissing gouramy broodstocks. The research was conducted at the Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture Research and Development, Bogor. Data collection was carried out by measuring the body length using truss morphometric method and DNA analysis using the RAPD method. The results showed that the highest polymorphism (81

ANALISIS GEN HAEMAGGLUTININ PADA VIRUS CAMPAK LIAR

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Subangkit Subangkit

2015-05-01

Full Text Available AbstrakPenyakit Campak disebabkan oleh virus campak yang termasuk genus Morbilivirus dan Family Paramyxoviridae. Penyakit campak masih menjadi masalah kesehatan karena masih ditemukan Kejadian Luar Biasa (KLB di Indonesia. Salah satu penyebab terjadinya KLB tersebut diduga sebagaiakibat perbedaan antigenesitas antara strain vaksin yang digunakan dengan strain virus campak liar yang beredar di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan gambaran tentang karakteristik genetik gen Haemagglutinin virus campak liar yang ada di Indonesia. Spesimen yang digunakan sebanyak 27 isolat virus penyebab KLB dari 17 propinsi selama periode tahun 2003-2010. Isolat virus dilakukan pemeriksaan secara RT-PCR dan sekuensing dengan metode Sanger. Hasil sekuensing dianalisis dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak Bioedit 7.0 dan MEGA 4.0. Hasil penelitian didapatkan perbedaan 10 asam amino antara virus campak strain vaksin CAM-70 dan virus campak liar pada posisi D416N; K424T; V451M; N455T; V466I; I473T; F476L; Y481S atau Y481N; H495N; G505D. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat perbedaan karakteristik genetik antara virus campak liar di Indonesia berbeda dengan strain virus vaksin CAM-70.Kata kunci : Campak, Analisis Molekuler, Hemagglutinin, CD46AbstractMeasles is caused by virus belonging to the genus Morbilivirus and Family Paramyxoviridae. Measles is still a public health problem because outbreak of measles still found in Indonesia. Outbreak is suspected as a result of differences in antigenicity between vaccine strains used with wild-type measles virus strains circulating in Indonesia. This study aims to get genetic characteristics of wild-type measles virus haemagglutinin gene in Indonesia. The specimens were used 27 viral isolates from 17 provinces period 2003-2010. Viral isolates examined by RT-PCR and sequencing with Sanger method. Sequencing analysis were conducted using Bioedit 7.0 and MEGA 4.0 software. The results showed 10 amino acid differences

Iron-Refractory Iron Deficiency Anemia

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Ebru Yılmaz Keskin

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Demir, oksijenin taşınması, DNA sentezi ve hücre çoğalması gibi çeşitli biyolojik reaksiyonlar için vazgeçilmez olduğundan, yaşam için zorunludur. Demir metabolizması ve bu elementin düzenlenmesiyle ilgili bilgilerimiz, son yıllarda belirgin şekilde değişmiştir. Demir metabolizması ile ilgili yeni bozukluklar tanımlanmış ve demirin başka bozuklukların kofaktörü olduğu anlaşılmaya başlamıştır. Hemokromatozis ve demir tedavisine dirençli demir eksikliği anemisi (IRIDA; “iron-refractory iron deficiency anemia” gibi genetik durumlar üzerinde yapılan çalışmalar, vücuttaki demir dengesini kontrol eden moleküler mekanizmalar ile ilgili önemli ipuçları sunmuştur. Bu ilerlemeler, gelecekte, hem genetik hem de kazanılmış demir bozukluklarının daha etkili şekilde tedavi edilmesi amacıyla kullanılabilir. IRIDA, demir eksikliği ile giden durumlarda, hepsidin üretimini baskılayan matriptaz-2’yi kodlayan TMPRSS6 genindeki mutasyonlardan kaynaklanmaktadır. Hastalığın tipik özellikleri, hipokrom, mikrositer anemi, çok düşük ortalama eritrosit hacmi, oral demir tedavisine yanıtsızlık (veya yetersiz yanıt ve parenteral demire kısmi yanıttır. Klasik demir eksikliği anemisinin aksine, serum ferritin değeri genellikle hafif düşük ya da normal aralıkta; serum ve idrar hepsidin değerleri ise, aneminin derecesi ile orantısız şekilde yüksek bulunur. Şimdiye kadar literatürde bildirilmiş olguların sayısı 100’ü geçmediği halde, IRIDA’nın, “atipik” mikrositik anemilerin en sık nedeni olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı, IRIDA hakkındaki güncel bilgileri araştırıcılar ile paylaşmak ve bu alandaki farkındalıklarını arttırmaktır.

Polimorfisme Genetik DNA Mikrosatellite GEN BoLA Lokus DRB3 Pada Sapi Bali (Bos Indicus)

OpenAIRE

Puja , I Ketut; Wandia, I Nengah; Suastika, Putu; Sulabda, I Nyoman

2011-01-01

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi dasar mengenai distribusi frekuensi lokus DRB3 gen BoLa (bovine lymphocyte antigen) pada sapi Bali. Untuk isolasi DNA digunakan sampel darah sapi Bali yang diambil dari populasi sapi Bali yang berasal dari Bali dan sapi Bali yang berasal dari Nusa Penida. Jumlah sampel untuk sapi Bali yang berasal dari Bali adalah 22 ekor dan sapi yang berasal dari Nusa Penida 21 ekor. Jumlah allel lokus DRB3 pada sapi...

Hubungan Kekerabatan Sapi Aceh dengan Menggunakan Daerah Displacement-loop

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Mohd. Agus Nashri Abdullah

2008-10-01

Full Text Available Relationship of aceh cattle using displacement-loop region ABSTRACT. The aims of this study were to describe relationship of D-loop of mtDNA Aceh cattle which is useful database for conducting conservation programme. The whole blood samples were collected (8 samples for D-loop analysis from four locations which were Aceh Besar, Pidie, North Aceh regencies and Banda Aceh city. Out group whole blood samples were collected from two samples from Bali cattles (Bali Island, Madura cattle (Madura Island, Pesisir cattle (West Sumatera respectively and one sample from PO cattle (West Java. Amplification of D-loop sequences of mtDNA with BIDLF and BIDLR primary have PCR product 980 bp. The Data were analyzed using Squint 1.02 and MEGA 4.0 programme. Result of analysis indicate that Aceh cattle have nearer relationship with zebu and there is items inset of genetik Bali cattle (Bos javanicus at the end sequences start ke-354 situs up to 483, so that the origin Aceh cattle was from Bos indicus which have hybridization with Bos javanicus.

KARAKTERISASI DAN EVALUASI POPULASI ABALON Haliotis squamata SECARA MOLEKULER, MORFOMETRIK, DAN BIOLOGI

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Gusti Ngurah Permana

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Abalon merupakan salah satu komoditas penting gastropoda laut. Tingginya permintaan abalon ini mengakibatkan menipisnya stok di alam. Oleh karena itu, upaya keberhasilan budidaya abalon perlu didukung oleh jenis unggul. Indikasi awal suatu jenis unggul dapat dilakukan dengan menganalisis potensi genetik yang dimiliki. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan analisis gen 16S rRNA, karakter morfolologi, dan biologi dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan metode kajian pustaka. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan keragaman inter populasi Haliotis squamata mendeteksi adanya tujuh haplotipe yang terbagi dalam dua kelompok. Penyertaan H. diversicolor sebagai outgroup dalam pengujian memperlihatkan bahwa populasi H. squamata dari Pulau Bali dan beberapa lokasi di Pulau Jawa berada dalam satu kelompok yang terpisah dengan outgroup. Hasil ini kongruen dengan analisis morfometrik terdapat perkembangan pertumbuhan cangkang yang asimetri pada populasi Banten. Pertumbuhan asimetri merupakan indikasi spesifik untuk populasi Banten atau merupakan gejala abnormalitas yang dapat diakibatkan oleh faktor penurunan kualitas genetik atau lingkungan. Karakter biologi terlihat proporsi daging dan gonad berbeda pada populasi Banten dengan indikasi adanya pertumbuhan asimetri. Rasio gonad dan daging populasi Banyuwangi berbeda nyata (P<0,05 dengan populasi lainnya. Abalone is arguably one of the highly valued and sought-after marine gastropods. However, the over-exploitation of this species has exhausted its wild stock. To overcome this challenge, the culture technique and management of this species must be established and continually improved. One of the ways is through producing superior broodstocks. An initial assessment of a genetically superior broodstock can be done using the potential genetic analysis. This recent research employed the analysis to study the species’ 16S rRNA gene. To complement the study, the morphometric and biological characteristics of the species were

PENENTUAN PATOTIPE DAN KERAGAMAN GENETIK Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae PADA TANAMAN PADI DI WILAYAH KARESIDENAN BANYUMAS

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Heru Adi Djatmiko

2011-11-01

Full Text Available One of the major diseases of rice paddy fields in Indonesia and the Asian countries is bacterial leaf blight or kresek caused by X. oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo. Losses caused by the disease in Indonesia reached 70–80%, in India reached 74–81%, and Japan reached 20–50%, thus causing great losses in the economy. The objectives of that research were: 1 Characterize Xoo from Karesidenan Banyumas; 2 To study of the amount of damage and AUDPC (the area under disease progress curve of bacterial leaf blight disease at Karesidenan Banyumas; 3 To obtain of Xoo pathotype by using the test varieties; 4 To obtaining genetic diversity of Xoo that found in Banjarnegara, Purbalingga, Banyumas, Cilacap dan Kebumen region. Research was carried out in several stages: isolation and characterization of Xoo from Barlingmascakeb region, testing of Xoo with five varieties testing, assesment of disease intensity of bacterial leaf blight and AUDPC in the field, and testing the genetic diversity of Xoo. The results showed that pathogen of bacterial blight on rice is Xoo characterized yellow colour of colonies on SPA medium, negative gram reaction, catalase positive, oxidase negative, negative growth at 0.1% TZC, negative starch hydrolisis , and resistance to 0.001% Cu(NO32 positive. Xoo pathotype isolats found in Banjarnegara was pathotype X, Cilacap were pathotype I and II and Purbalingga was pathotype II. Eighteen of Xoo from Karesidenan Banyumas (Banjarnegara, Purbalingga, Banyumas, Cilacap and Kebumen of RAPD differ one from the others.

Analisis Keanekaragaman Genetik dan Diferensiasi Jati Jawa dan Madura berdasarkan Marka Mikrosatelit untuk Mendukung Fingerprinting Jati

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Munisyatul Millah

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Analysis fingerprinting teak is supported by information about teak’s character molecularly. The information is gotten by analyzing 3 primary microsatellite in 46 teak samples that produce total 18 kinds of alel averagely 6 alel per locus. Genetics variety level is shown by Observed Heterozigosity (Ho, Expected Heterozygosity (He, Polimorfi sm Information Content (PIC and Genetics Differentiation Coeffi cient successively 0.5122; 0.6221; 0.5818; and 0.0629. Kinship connection through dendogram analysis produces coeffi cient resemblance 0.3-1.00 that form 2 groups. However it has not shown inclination of forming group based on origin grows yet. Genetics differentiation analysis indicates different genetics in a population is higher then it is between populations. Analysis result has not found specifi c alel yet but has found 12 specifi c genotipe that is potential for analyzing fi ngerprinting if it relates to important useful genes. Keywords: microsatellite teak, DNA fi ngerprinting

Keragaman Genetik Gen Hormon Pertumbuhan (GH|MboII pada Itik Sikumbang Janti Menggunakan Penciri PCR-RFLP

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T.D. Nova

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaman gen hormon pertumbuhan (GH dengan enzim MboII pada itik Sikumbang Janti dengan menggunakan penciri PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Penelitian ini menggunakan sebanyak 50 sampel darah itik Sikumbang Janti. Sampel darah itik Sikumbang Janti diambil melalui vena achilaris sebanyak ± 1 ml. DNA sampel darah diisolasi menggunakan protocol Genomik DNA Purification Kit (Promega. DNA total diamplifikasi menggunakan sepasang primer F : 5’-CTG GAG CAG GCA GGA AAA TT-3’ dan R: 5’-TCC AGG GAC AGT GAC TCA AC-3’ yang menghasilkan fragmen exon 1 gen GH dengan panjang 801 bp. Produk amplifikasi direstriksi dengan menggunakan MboII yang mengenali situs pemotongan GAAGA (N/8↓ . Dari 46 sampel hasil restriksi diperoleh dua posisi. Pada posisi 618 bp dengan genotip yaitu genotip heterozigot (+/- yang terdiri dari 3 pita (266 bp, 535 bp dan 801 bp, genotip homozigot (+/+ yang terdiri dari 3 pita (109 bp, 266 bp, 426 bp dan genotip homozigot (-/- yang terdiri dari 1 pita ( 801 dan terdapat dua tipe alel, yaitu alel (+ dan all (-, all (+ sebesar 0,79 dan alel (- sebesar 0,21. Sedangkan pada posisi 727 bp memiliki genotip yaitu genotip heterozigot (+/- yang terdiri dari 3 pita (109 bp, 266 bp, 426 bp, dan genotip homozigot (-/- yang terdiri dari 3 pita dan terdapat dua tipe alel, yaitu frekuensi alel (+ sebesar 0,61 dan frekuensi alel (- sebesar 0,39. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa gen GH-MboII memiliki keragamanan yang tinggi serta menunjukkan adanya keseimbangan atau tidak menyimpang dari keseimbangan Hardy Weinberg pada posisi keragaman 618 bp dan pada posisi 727 dalam ketidakseimbangan Hardy Weinberg.

HIPERPLASIA ADRENAL KONGENITAL (HAK KLASIK SIMPLE VIRILIZING PADA ANAK UMUR 3 TAHUN

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Alice Indradjaja

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Hiperplasia adrenal kongenital merupakan salah satu dari kelompok kelainan genetik akibat defisiensi enzim yang diperlukan untuk biosintesis steroid di korteks kelenjar adrenal. Bentuk kelainan hiperplasia adrenal kongenital yang tersering adalah defisiensi enzim 21-hidroksilase (21OHD hingga mencapai 90% kasus. Kelainan utama pada pasien dengan defisiensi enzim 21-hidroksilase adalah kegagalan sintesis kortisol secara adekuat. Defisiensi 21-hidroksilase klasik tipe virilisasi sederhana menyebabkan genitalia ambigu pada bayi perempuan. Dilaporkan sebuah kasus hiperplasia adrenal kongenital klasik tipe virilisasi sederhana pada anak perempuan usia tiga tahun. Pasien dirujuk ke Poliklinik anak RSUP Sanglah Denpasar dengan keluhan utama pembesaran dan pemanjangan klitoris yang progresif disertai tumbuhnya bulu pubis.  Pasien lahir dengan genitalia ambigu. Pasien didiagnosis defisiensi 21-hidroksilase berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan kadar progesteron 17-OH >1.200ng/dl dan pemeriksaan fisik didapatkan prader derajat III. Pada pemeriksaan usia tulang menunjukkan usia tulang yang melebihi umurnya, USG abdomen dalam batas normal dengan hasil analisis kromosom 46,XX. Pasien tidak pernah mengalami krisis adrenal selama 3 tahun dan menjalani tindakan pembedahan pada usia 3 tahun. Keluarga pasien diberikan konseling, dilakukan monitor  berkala pada pasien dan terapi hidrokortison. Prognosis pada pasien ini baik. [MEDICINA 2014;45:58-64].

Permanent Magnet Senkron Bir Motorun Tasarımının Optimizasyonunda Genetik Algoritma Uygulaması

OpenAIRE

Mutluer, Mümtaz; Bilgin, Osman

2012-01-01

Kalıcı mıknatıslı senkron motorlar, yüksek moment/hacim oranları ve özellikle yüksek verimlerinden dolayı, 1985 yılından itibaren endüstriyel uyuglmarda tercih edilmektedir. Kalıcı mıknatıslı senkron motorların verimini belirleyen temel faktör rotor sargılarının olmaması olsa da, tasarım parametrelerinin ve kalıcı mıknatıslı senkron motor tasarım modelinin etkin seçimi de verimi etkilemektedir. Bu çalışma konsantre-sargılı yüzey-mıknatıslı bir kalıcı mıknatıslı senkron motorun tasarım op...

KERAGAMAN GENETIK, KEBUGARAN DAN INKOMPATIBILITAS REPRODUKSI Hemiptarsenus varicornis Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae, PARASITOID LARVA Liriomyza huidobrensis (Diptera: Agromyzidae

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. Reflinaldon

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Several experiments have been conducted to study genetic variation, fitness and reproductive incompatibility of H. varicornis from different geographic populations.  Genetic variation from Pandai Sikek (PS, Alahan Panjang (AP and Kayu Aro (KA was analyzed by using random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR technique and the similarity of genetics measured using NTSys program. The fitness of female wasps such as longevity, fecundity and preoviposition was observed and then compared among those populations.  Incompatibility in reproduction was determined by accounting of reproductive compatibility (RC index in crossing of intra and interpopulation both of PS and AP.  The results showed high genetic variation of H. varicornis among population from Alahan Panjang, Pandai Sikek and Kayu Aro with similarity coefficient of 30 to 70%.  The best fitness showed the female wasps from Kayu Aro that was significantly different (P= 0.00 in longevity (24.60 ± 6.4 days, fecundity (63.6 ± 28.6 eggs and parasitization (53.60% but not significantly different (P=0.07 in number of the first day eggs (1.1 ± 1.4 eggs. Crossing of AP and PS indicated incompatibility in reproduction among the population.

PRODUKTIVITAS DAN PROFITABILITAS BUDIDAYA IKAN LELE (Clarias gariepinus HASIL SELEKSI DAN NON-SELEKSI PADA PEMELIHARAAN DI KOLAM TANAH

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Raden Roro Sri Pudji Sinarni Dewi

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Ikan lele (Clarias gariepinus merupakan salah satu komoditas budidaya air tawar yang populer di Indonesia. Berbagai upaya dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas ikan lele di antaranya melalui perbaikan kualitas genetik. Upaya peningkatan kualitas genetik ikan lele untuk mempercepat pertumbuhan dilakukan melalui proses seleksi. Pengujian performa ikan lele hasil seleksi (strain Mutiara pada skala komersial dilakukan dengan membandingkannya dengan strain non-seleksi (strain Paiton. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk membandingkan produktivitas dan profitabilitas budidaya ikan lele hasil seleksi dan non-seleksi yang dibesarkan di kolam tanah pada skala komersial. Ikan lele ukuran sekitar 2,5 g dipelihara di kolam tanah berukuran 50 m2 dengan kepadatan 200 ekor/m2. Pemeliharaan dilakukan sampai ikan mencapai ukuran panen (sekitar 100 g. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan hasil seleksi memiliki laju pertumbuhan spesifik lebih tinggi (5,75 ± 1,25 g/hari, konversi pakan lebih rendah (0,90 ± 0,08, dan periode pemeliharaan lebih singkat (68 ± 13 hari dibandingkan ikan non-seleksi (4,33 ± 0,70 g/hari; 1,09 ± 0,01; 90 ± 12 hari. Berdasarkan analisis bioekonomi, budidaya pembesaran ikan lele hasil seleksi mampu menekan biaya produksi hingga Rp2.365,00/kg dan mendatangkan rasio keuntungan (61,09 ± 5,17% hampir dua kali lipat lebih tinggi dibandingkan non-seleksi (32,54 ± 4,12%. African catfish (Clarias gariepinus is one of the freshwater aquaculture commodity that are popular in Indonesia. Various attempts had been conducted to increase its productivity including through genetic quality improvement. Efforts to improve the genetic quality of African catfish on growth trait was conducted by selection method. Evaluation the performance of improved strain of African catfish (Mutiara strain on a commercial scale was done by comparing with local (non-improved strain (Paiton strain. The purpose of this study was to compare the productivity and

HUBUNGAN OBESITAS DENGAN DIABETES MELITUS DAN HIPERTENSI PADA PENDUDUK BALIAGE DI DESA PEDAWA, BULELENG, BALI

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AAG Budhiart

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Obesitas, diabetes melitus (DM dan tekanan darah tinggi merupakan komponen dari sindroma metabolik (SM, dan merupakan faktor risiko utama terjadinya penyakit jantung koroner. Obesitas saat ini merupakan masalah global dan mewabah diseluruh dunia. Telah dilakukan cross-sectional community based study di desa Pedawa, suatu desa terpencil yang berlokasi di Bali Utara dengan populasi penduduk Baliage. Sampel penelitian diambil secara simple systematic sampling dari register data kependudukan Diperoleh sebanyak 294 sampel penelitian yang terdiri dari 136 (46,3% laki-laki, dan 158 (53,7% wanita dengan umur rata-rata 45,2 tahun. Prevalensi obesitas (IMT ?? 25 kg/m2 sebanyak 43 orang ( 14,7%, dan underweight ( IMT ?? 18,5 kg/m2 sebanyak 54 orang (18,6%. Prevalensi gangguan glukosa darah puasa dan DM masing-masing sebanyak 4 orang ( 1,4% dan 11 orang (3,9%. Prevalensi hipertensi sistolik dan diastolik masing-masing 14,6% dan 12,2%. Tidak dijumpai adanya korelasi antara obesitas dengan DM dan hipertensi. Dijumpai korelasi antara kadar glucosa darah dengan hipertensi sistolik. Kebanyakan dari sampel dengan DM dan hipertensi dijumpai pada penduduk dengan usia lanjut. Prevalensi DM dan hipertensi pada penduduk desa Pedawa mungkin lebih banyak disebabkan oleh proses penuaan dan faktor genetik.

MAJOR HYSTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX: STRUKTUR, FUNGSI, HUBUNGAN DENGAN PENYAKIT DAN PEMANFAATAN DALAM RESPON IMUN

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Basundari Sri Utama

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Respon imun terhadap antigen asing dapat terjadi karena kemampuan dari organisme untuk membedakan "non self" dengan "self", sehingga dapat terhindar dari efek patogen dari antigen yang masuk. Hal ini terjadi karena kemampuan polimorfisme dari komponen molekul yang terdapat pada permukaan sel presentan pada saat proses respon imun terjadi. Komponen molekul tersebut disebut MHC (Major Hystocompatibility Complex pada tikus diberi kode H-2 atau HLA (Human Leucocyt Antifen pada manusia. Pengkode genetik MHC pada tikus terletak pada kromosom 17, pada manusia terletak pada kromosom 6. MHC tersebar pada hampir semua permukaan sel tubuh. Pada tikus MHC kelas 1 terdapat sel-sel yang berinti, platelet dan sel darah merah. Pada manusia terdapat pada sel-sel yang berinti dan platelet. MHC pada tikus terutama terdapat pada sel B, makrofag, sel epithel, sel limfosit T. Pada manusia terutama terdapat pada sel B dan makrofag. Fungsi MHC kelas I diantaranya adalah reaksi penolakan jaringan, stimulasi produksi antibodi, proses interaksi antigen dengan sel T. MHC kelas II diperlukan dalam proses presentasi antigen. Pengetahuan tentang MHC/HLA seseorang, dapat dipakai untuk memperkirakan risiko seseorang mendapatkan penyakit yang bersifat herediter atau kelainan imunologik. Dengan mengetahui bahwa MHC/HLA hanya dapat mengikat peptida, hal ini dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pencegahan reaksi alergi.

Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Pengetahuan Tradisional dengan Sistem Perizinan: Perspektif Negara Kesejahteraan

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Wina Puspitasari

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Abstrak Dewasa ini, pengetahuan tradisional menjadi dasar utama bagi penemuan-penemuan penting dalam bidang farmasi, kosmetik, pertanian, bioteknologi, industri kimia, dan lain-lain. Permasalahan muncul ketika perusahaan tersebut memperoleh manfaat komersial dari pengetahuan tradisional secara tidak adil. Pemerintah harus mempertahankan pengawasan atas akses terhadap sumber daya genetik (beserta turunannya, termasuk pengetahuan tradisional agar pemanfaatannya dilakukan dengan adil dan tidak merugikan kepentingan nasional. Mekanisme akses terhadap pengetahuan tradisional diakomodasi dalam sistem izin akses dan pemanfaatan. Izin akses mengacu pada kegiatan untuk memperoleh informasi dengan mengakses secara langsung sumber daya genetik dan pengetahuan tradisional sedangkan izin pemanfaatan mengacu pada tindak lanjut atas akses yang telah dilakukan. Pihak pengguna mensyaratkan adanya perjanjian pemanfaatan dengan komunitas sumber dan bantuan lembaga pemerintah terkait dalam permohonan izin pemanfaatan. Dalam permohonan izin akses yang ditindaklanjuti dengan pendaftaran HKI atau komersialisasi, diperlukan Persetujuan atas Dasar Informasi Awal (PADIA yang diberikan oleh komunitas lokal atau negara penyedia melalui otoritas nasional yang berwenang. Upaya kolateral yang harus dilakukan untuk mengimplementasikan sistem perizinan dalam perlindungan pengetahuan tradisional, yaitu: (1 pendokumentasian pengetahuan tradisional dalam suatu register data yang terintegrasi; (2 perlindungan positif dilakukan dengan menyusun perundang-undangan tersendiri yang mengatur perlindungan pengetahuan tradisional; (3 peningkatan kapasitas kelembagaan dalam rangka mengembangkan mekanisme perizinan; (4 pemberdayaan komunitas lokal sebagai custodian dalam kepemilikan pengetahuan berdasarkan pembangunan ekonomi dan menejemen sumber daya berbasis masyarakat (community based economic development and resource management. Abstract Nowadays, traditional knowledge has become the

Identifying cis-regulatory modules by combining comparative and compositional analysis of DNA.

Science.gov (United States)

Pierstorff, Nora; Bergman, Casey M; Wiehe, Thomas

2006-12-01

Predicting cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) in higher eukaryotes is a challenging computational task. Commonly used methods to predict CRMs based on the signal of transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) are limited by prior information about transcription factor specificity. More general methods that bypass the reliance on TFBS models are needed for comprehensive CRM prediction. We have developed a method to predict CRMs called CisPlusFinder that identifies high density regions of perfect local ungapped sequences (PLUSs) based on multiple species conservation. By assuming that PLUSs contain core TFBS motifs that are locally overrepresented, the method attempts to capture the expected features of CRM structure and evolution. Applied to a benchmark dataset of CRMs involved in early Drosophila development, CisPlusFinder predicts more annotated CRMs than all other methods tested. Using the REDfly database, we find that some 'false positive' predictions in the benchmark dataset correspond to recently annotated CRMs. Our work demonstrates that CRM prediction methods that combine comparative genomic data with statistical properties of DNA may achieve reasonable performance when applied genome-wide in the absence of an a priori set of known TFBS motifs. The program CisPlusFinder can be downloaded at http://jakob.genetik.uni-koeln.de/bioinformatik/people/nora/nora.html. All software is licensed under the Lesser GNU Public License (LGPL).

A HYBRID GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR THE QUADRATIC ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM ON GRAPHICS PROCESSING UNITS

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ERDENER ÖZÇETİN

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışmada karesel atama probleminin çözümü için melez bir genetik algoritma önerilmiştir. Önerilen algoritmanın en zaman alıcı bölümleri amaç fonksiyonun hesaplanması ve yerel arama operatörüdür. Bu nedenle algoritmanın söz konusu bölümlerinin paralelleştirilmesi ve grafik işlem birimleri üzerinde uygulanması üzerinde durulmuştur. Algoritmanın seri ve paralel versiyonu 49 adet literatür problemi üzerinde test edilmiş ve karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır. Test edilen literatur problemlerinden 34'ü için bilinen en iyi sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Deneysel çalışmalar önerilen algoritmanın kısa sürede etkin sonuçlar verebildiğini ortaya koymuştur. Önerilen paralel algoritmanın ortalama 17 kat olmak üzere 51 kata kadar seri algoritmaya göre hızlı çalıştığı raporlanmıştır

Genetic Polymorphism of the Lactoferrin Gene in Dairy and Beef Cattles at National Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer Stations

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Anneke Anggraeni

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Lactoferrin (LTF adalah gen pengontrol komponen protein susu dan memiliki karakteristik sebagai antimikrobial. LTF pada susu berfungsi untuk mencegah diare, sedangkan pada sapi laktasi untuk mencegah mastitis pada ambing. Mempertimbangkan peran penting dari gen LTF, maka perlu dilakukan peningkatan kadar LTF dalam susu melalui seleksi pada taraf DNA. Polymorfisme genetik dari gen LTF diidentifikasi pada sapi perah dan potong dengan metoda Polymerase Chain Reaction - Restricsion Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP, dengan enzim restriksi EcoRI. Genotyping dilakukan pada sapi perah Friesian Holstein (FH total sejumlah 89 ekor, meliputi dari Balai Inseminasi Buatan Lembang (BIB Lembang untuk 17 pejantan, Balai Besar IB Singosari (BBIB Singosari untuk 32 pejantan, dan Balai embrio Transfer Cipelang (BET Cipelang pada 40 dara. Genotyping dilakukan pula pada sapi potong dara berasal dari empat bangsa, meliputi Limousin (14 ekor, Angus (5 ekor, Simmental (13 ekor dan Brahman (5 ekor dari BET Cipelang. Gen LTF|EcoRI pada sapi perah dan potong pengamatan menghasilkan dua tipe alel, yaitu alel A dan B. Kedua jenis sapi tersebut menghasilkan hanya dua genotipe, yaitu genotipe AA dan AB, tanpa genotipe BB. Ini dapat menjadi hal yang baik karena genotipe AA dan AB dipertimbangkan berasosiasi dengan ketahan pada mastitis. Nilai-nilai dari heterozygositas observasi (Ho dari gen ini lebih tinggi dibandingkan heterozigositas ekspektasi (He. Disimpulkan bahwa gen LTF|EcoRI memiliki variasi yang baik pada sapi perah dan sapi potong dari ketiga balai bibit nasional tersebut.

PEMANFAATAN SUMBER DAYA GENETIK LOKAL DALAM PERAKITAN VARIETAS UNGGUL CABAI (CAPSICUM ANNUUM TAHAN TERHADAP PENYAKIT ANTRAKNOSA YANG DISEBABKAN OLEH COLLETOTRICHUM SP

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Muhamad Syukur

2013-08-01

Full Text Available The use of resistant varieties based on local resources is one way to solve the problem of anthracnose disease. This study aims to identify the species of anthracnose isolates (Colletotricum accutatum, C. gloeosporioides, and C. capsici from the various centers of chili production through the characterization of conidia, get the genotypes that are resistant to anthracnose disease, and get information about resistance to anthracnose disease of chili pepper lines. Research activities include morphological characterization of Colletotrichum isolates, screening of resistance the chili pepper lines to anthracnose disease, and screening of resistance the pepper genotypes of exploration results to anthracnose disease. The results showed that the isolates found in the field consist of 3 species, namely C. capsici, C. acutatum, and C. gloesporioides. Forty two isolates of 67 isolates were C. capsici, the rest were C. acutatum or C. gloesporioides. The chili pepper lines were tested, including the criteria for moderate to highly susceptible to anthracnose diseases caused by C. acutatum. IPB C15 Genotype was consistently more resistant to anthracnose caused by C. acutatum as compared to 27 other genotypes.

KERAGAMAN GENETIK BENIH IKAN KERAPU SUNU, Plectrophomus leopardus TURUNAN PERTAMA (F1 DENGAN ANALISIS RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM (RFLP MT-DNA

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Gusti Ngurah Permana

2016-11-01

The variability of differences size was occurred on every culture period of coral trout. The aimed of this study was to know genetics variability and evaluated of which are expressed on large, medium, and small size fry on total of length sizes and different weight. Amplification of single fragment using set primer 16 SrDNA (F5’CGCCTG TTTAACAAAAACAT-3’ and reverse (R: 5’-CCGGTCTGAACTCAGATCATGT-3’. Result showed that PCR amplification of mt-DNA was 625 bp. Restriction digestion processed with Mnl I enzyme showed that polymorphism in large size and monomorphic in both medium and small sizes. Two types of haplotype were found in large size (ABABB and ABAAB while one haplotype observed in medium and small sizes ABABB. The heterozygosities value of large, medium and small sizes from Bali location were 0.480, 0.000, and 0.000 restectively. Heterozygosities value of samples from East Java were 0.211, 0.000, and 0.000 restectively. Samples from Lampung were monomorphic (0.000.

Karakterisasi Morfometrik dan Jarak Genetik Rumpun-Rumpun Kelinci di Jawa Barat (MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERIZATION AND GENETIC DISTANCE OF RABBIT BREEDS IN WEST JAVA

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Rudi Dedi Iskandar

2017-01-01

Full Text Available The objectives of this study were to assess morphometric characteristics, breeds relationship andvariables that distinguished among breeds of rabbits raised in West Java. This research used 419 rabbitsconsisted of Angora (AG, Dutch (DT, Flemish Giant (FG, Lop (LP, Netherland Dwarf (ND, Composite(PX, Rex (RX, Satin (ST, Reza (XA and New Zealand White (ZW. Head length (PK, head width (LK, earlength (PTL, ear width (LTL, chest width (LD, chest depth (DD, chest circumference (LKD, body length(PB , hips width (LP, length of the scapula bone (PS, humerus length (PH, radius-ulna length (PRU,femur length (PF and tibia length (PT were observed. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance,discriminant and canonical analysis using SAS program ver. 9.1.3 and MEGA5 program to get theconstruction of phenogram tree. FG and ST rabbits were generally larger in size and shape than the otherrabbits breeds, while ND rabbit had the smallest morphological size than other rabbits breeds, except forLK, LD and DD. Results of discriminant analysis showed that LP, RX, ND and XA had a high similarityvalue, otherwise DT, FG, ST, PX, AG and ZW had no the value. The closest genetic distance matrix valueindicated by PX-ZW breeds (1,53 and the farthest genetic distance indicated by FG-ND breeds (6,62.Phenogram tree construction showed that the breeds rabbits divided into five clusters, namely cluster ND,DT; ST clusters; FG cluster; cluster LP, PX, ZW and cluster AG, XA, RX. Phenotypic size that had stronginfluence on the differentiation of rabbit breeds were PTL, LTL, PRU, PH and PF on the canonical 1 alsoPT and PS on canonical 2.

FragIdent--automatic identification and characterisation of cDNA-fragments.

Science.gov (United States)

Seelow, Dominik; Goehler, Heike; Hoffmann, Katrin

2009-03-02

Many genetic studies and functional assays are based on cDNA fragments. After the generation of cDNA fragments from an mRNA sample, their content is at first unknown and must be assigned by sequencing reactions or hybridisation experiments. Even in characterised libraries, a considerable number of clones are wrongly annotated. Furthermore, mix-ups can happen in the laboratory. It is therefore essential to the relevance of experimental results to confirm or determine the identity of the employed cDNA fragments. However, the manual approach for the characterisation of these fragments using BLAST web interfaces is not suited for larger number of sequences and so far, no user-friendly software is publicly available. Here we present the development of FragIdent, an application for the automatic identification of open reading frames (ORFs) within cDNA-fragments. The software performs BLAST analyses to identify the genes represented by the sequences and suggests primers to complete the sequencing of the whole insert. Gene-specific information as well as the protein domains encoded by the cDNA fragment are retrieved from Internet-based databases and included in the output. The application features an intuitive graphical interface and is designed for researchers without any bioinformatics skills. It is suited for projects comprising up to several hundred different clones. We used FragIdent to identify 84 cDNA clones from a yeast two-hybrid experiment. Furthermore, we identified 131 protein domains within our analysed clones. The source code is freely available from our homepage at http://compbio.charite.de/genetik/FragIdent/.

Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis MA83 Suşunda Aktif Bir Faj Dirençlilik Sisteminin Genetik ve Biyokimyasal Doğası

OpenAIRE

Tükel, Çağla; Akçelik, Mustafa

2003-01-01

Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis MA83 susunda fajlann adsorbsiyonu, bu bakteride 32.7 kb büyüklükteki plazmidin varlığında üretilen ekzopolisakkarit materyal tarafından engellendi. Kimyasal analizler sonucunda bu ekzopolisakkarit materyalin ana bileşenlerinin galaktoz, galaktozamin, ramnoz ve fosfat olduğu belirlendi. Ayrıca, L. lactis subsp. lactis MA83 susunda Øla2, Øp78, Ør4 ve Øp81 fajlannın almaç bölgelerinin protein yapıda olduğu saptandı.  

FragIdent – Automatic identification and characterisation of cDNA-fragments

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Goehler Heike

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Many genetic studies and functional assays are based on cDNA fragments. After the generation of cDNA fragments from an mRNA sample, their content is at first unknown and must be assigned by sequencing reactions or hybridisation experiments. Even in characterised libraries, a considerable number of clones are wrongly annotated. Furthermore, mix-ups can happen in the laboratory. It is therefore essential to the relevance of experimental results to confirm or determine the identity of the employed cDNA fragments. However, the manual approach for the characterisation of these fragments using BLAST web interfaces is not suited for larger number of sequences and so far, no user-friendly software is publicly available. Results Here we present the development of FragIdent, an application for the automatic identification of open reading frames (ORFs within cDNA-fragments. The software performs BLAST analyses to identify the genes represented by the sequences and suggests primers to complete the sequencing of the whole insert. Gene-specific information as well as the protein domains encoded by the cDNA fragment are retrieved from Internet-based databases and included in the output. The application features an intuitive graphical interface and is designed for researchers without any bioinformatics skills. It is suited for projects comprising up to several hundred different clones. Conclusion We used FragIdent to identify 84 cDNA clones from a yeast two-hybrid experiment. Furthermore, we identified 131 protein domains within our analysed clones. The source code is freely available from our homepage at http://compbio.charite.de/genetik/FragIdent/.

nalisis Keragaman Genetik Streptococcus agalactiae Penyebab Mastitis Subklinis Pada Sapi Perah Menggunakan pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) = Genetic Analysis of Streptococcus agalactiae Caused Subclinical ...

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Trihastuti, Agnesia Endang

2012-01-01

Streptococcus agalactiae atau Streptokokus grup B (SGB) adalah salah satu bakteri utama penyebab mastitis subklinis pada sapi perch dan merupakan parasit obligat pada ambing. Karakterisasi S.agalactiae biasanya dilakukan secara konvensional menggunakan metode serotyping. Meslci metode ini sering digunakan namun masih mempunyai kelemahan apalagi masih adanya isolat S.agalactiae yang belum dapat dimasukkan ke dalam serotipe yang ada (nontypeable/NT), oleh karena itu pendekatan bare denga...

Fragmentasi DNA Spermatozoa: Penyebab, Deteksi, dan Implikasinya pada Infertilitas Laki-Laki

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Silvia W. Lestari

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Prediksi fertilitas laki-laki dapat dilakukan dengan analisis semen. Analisis semen konvensionalmerupakan pemeriksaan sederhana dan tidak mahal, tetapi memiliki variabilitas yang tinggi.Integritas DNA spermatozoa penting untuk transmisi informasi genetik. Fragmentasi DNAspermatozoa sebagai akibat gangguan spermatogenesis, maturasi spermatozoa, stres oksidatifdan infeksi, dapat menyebabkan infertilitas laki-laki, gangguan perkembangan embrio dan abortusberulang. Hubungan fragmentasi DNA spermatozoa dengan luaran teknologi reproduksi berbantu(TRB mengarahkan fragmentasi DNA spermatozoa sebagai pemeriksaan infertilitas laki-laki. Dariberbagai metode fragmentasi DNA spermatozoa yang umum dilakukan, sperm chromatin dispersion(SCD merupakan metode pemeriksaan fragmentasi DNA spermatozoa yang sederhana, akuratdan tidak mahal, sehingga dapat dilaksanakan di laboratorium andrologi. Selain menghasilkandiagnosis yang lebih baik, pemeriksaan fragmentasi DNA spermatozoa juga menggambarkanprognosis infertilitas termasuk luaran program TRB. Kata kunci: infertilitas laki-laki, fragmentasi DNA spermatozoa, SCD   Sperm DNA Fragmentation: Etiology, Detection and Implicationto Male Infertility Abstract The prediction of male fertility is determined by semen analysis. The conventional semenanalysis is simple and inexpensive but prone to variability. The integrity of sperm DNA is essentialfor the transmission of genetic information. Fragmentation of sperm DNA as result of disruptionin spermatogenesis and sperm maturation, oxidative stress, and infection may lead to maleinfertility, abnormal embryonic development and recurrent abortion. The association betweensperm DNA fragmentation and diminished reproductive outcomes has led to the introduction ofsperm DNA fragmentation testing on the clinical assessment of male infertility. Of all the spermDNA fragmentation tests, sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD test is quite simple, accurate, andinexpensive to be conducted on

Gezgin Satıcı Probleminin Karınca Kolonisi ve Genetik Algoritmalarla Eniyilemesi ve Karşılaştırılması

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Hasan DİKMEN

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Inthisstudy, performance of Ant Colony and Genetic Algorithms that is map of Turkey is aimed to find. Performance of the sealgorithms in terms of route distance and route prediction time were investigated. A C#-based interface was designed for implementation of the application and monitoring of the experimental results. As a result of the application, it is observed that Ant Colony algorithm has more high performance than genetic algorithm in terms of both route distance and performance time

Keragaman Genetik Sekuen Gen ATP Synthase FO Subunit 6 (ATP6 Monyet Hantu (Tarsius Indonesia (GENETIC DIVERSITY STUDY OF ATP6 GENE SEQUENCES OF TARSIERS FROM INDONESIA

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Rini Widayanti

2013-07-01

Full Text Available In a conservation effort, the identification of Tarsier species, on the bases of the morphological andmolecular characteristic is necessary. Up to now, the identification of the animals were based on themorphology and vocalizations, which is extremely difficult to identify each, tarsier species. The objective ofthis research was to study the genetic diversity on ATP6 gene of Tarsius sp. Based on sequencing of PCRproduct using primer ATP6F and ATP6R with 681 nts. PCR product. The sequence of ATP6 fragmentswere aligned with other primates from Gene bank with aid of software Clustal W, and were analyzed usingMEGA program version 4.0. Three different nucleotide sites were found (nucleotide no. 288, 321 and 367.The genetic distance based on nucleotide ATP6 sequence calculated using Kimura 2-parameter modelindicated that the smallest genetic distance 0%, biggest 0.8% and average 0, 2%. The phylogenetic treeusing neighbor joining method based on the sequence of nucleotide ATP6 gene could not be used todifferentiate among T. Dianae (from Central Sulawesi, T. Spectrum (from North Sulawesi, T. bancanus(from lampung, South Sumatera and T.bancanus from West Kalimantan.

Molecular detection of interleukin-1A +4845 G→T gene in aggresive periodontitis patients

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Chiquita Prahasanti

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Background: Abundant researches had been conducted based on the clinical and histopathological pathogenesis of aggresive periodontitis. Nevertheless, there were still few researches which based on molecular biology, and especially related to gene polymorphism. This study was done based on IL-1A +4845G→T gene polymorphism in aggressive periodontitis patients. Purpose: The purpose of this tudy was to characterized the generic variation of IL-1A +4845G→T as a risk factor aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis. Methods: DNA from patients with aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis was taken determination of IL-1A +4845 G→T polimorphism was conducted with PCR-RFLP technique. Results: Homozygous allele TT polymorphism was not found in all samples, only allele GG (wild type and allele GT (heterozygous mutant were not affect aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis. Conclusion: The study showed there was no significant association between IL-1A +4845G→T gene polymorphism and aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis. Latar belakang: Penelitian tentang patogenesa periodontitis agresif berdasar klinis dan histopatologi telah banyak dilakukan, akan tetapi penelitian berdasar biologimolekuler terutama polimorfisme gen masih sangat jarang dilakukan. Penelitian ini dilakukan berdasarkan pada polimorfisme gen IL-1A +4845G→T pada penderita periodontitis agresif. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui variasi genetik dari IL-1A +4845G→T yang merupakan faktor risiko periodontitis agresif dan periodontitis kronis. Metode: DNA dari penderita periodontitis agresif dan periodontitis kronis diisolasi, selanjutnya dilakukan determinasi dari polimorfisme gen IL-1A +4845G→T dengan menggunakan teknik PCR-RFLP. Hasil: Pada seluruh sampel penelitian ini tidak dijumpai polimorfisme allel TT (homosigot mutan, yang didapat adalah jenis allel GG (wild type dan allel GT (heterosigot mutan yang tidak

TRANSFER GEN ANTIVIRUS PADA EMBRIO UDANG WINDU, Penaeus monodon DALAM BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI DEOXYRIBO NUCLEIC ACID

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Andi Parenrengi

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Teknologi transgenesis khususnya rekayasa genetik untuk menghasilkan udang windu resisten penyakit merupakan salah satu strategi yang dapat dilakukan dalam upaya pemecahan masalah penyakit yang menimpa budidaya udang windu. Teknologi transgenesis khususnya transfer gen antivirus pada udang windu telah berhasil dilakukan melalui teknik transfeksi. Meskipun demikian optimalisasi komponen teknologi tersebut masih perlu dilakukan. Konsentrasi DNA gen merupakan salah satu komponen teknologi transgenesis yang harus dioptimalkan untuk mendapatkan efisiensi dalam transfer gen. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi DNA gen antivirus yang optimal sebagai bahan transfer gen ke embrio menggunakan metode transfeksi. Embrio udang windu yang diperoleh dari hasil pemijahan induk asal Aceh, dikoleksi 5-10 menit setelah memijah dengan kepadatan 625 telur/2 mL. Transfeksi dilakukan dengan menggunakan media larutan transfeksi jetPEI dengan konsentrasi DNA gen antivirus sebagai perlakuan, yakni: 5, 10, dan 15 µg serta kontrol positif (tanpa plasmid DNA dan negatif (tanpa plasmid DNA dan larutan transfeksi, masing-masing 3 ulangan. Embrio hasil transfeksi ditetaskan pada stoples berisi air laut sebanyak 2 L yang diletakkan pada waterbath. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gen antivirus telah berhasil diintroduksi ke embrio udang windu. Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan konsentrasi DNA (5-15 µg tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05 terhadap daya tetas embrio udang windu. Analisis ekspresi gen pada larva udang windu juga menunjukkan adanya aktivitas ekspresi gen antivirus pada semua perlakuan konsentrasi DNA, di mana ekspresi gen antivirus pada larva transgenik lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kontrol (tanpa transfeksi. Sintasan pasca-larva PL-1 yang didapatkan pada penelitian ini adalah 12,0%; 10,0%; 10,6%; 12,3%; dan 14,2% masing-masing untuk perlakuan konsentrasi plasmid DNA 5 µg, 10 µg, 15 µg, kontrol positif dan negatif, di mana

Faktor Risiko Non Viral Pada Karsinoma Nasofaring

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Sukri Rahman

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Abstrak           Latar belakang: Karsinoma nasofaring adalah tumor ganas epitel nasofaring yang sampai saat ini penyebabnya belum diketahui, infeksi virus Epstein Barr dilaporkan sebagai faktor dominan terjadinya karsinoma nasofaring tetapi faktor non viral juga berperan untuk timbulnya keganasan nasofaring. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui faktor non viral  yang dapat meningkatkan kejadian karsinoma nasofaring sehingga dapat mencegah dan menghindari faktor-faktor non viral tersebut. Tinjauan Pustaka: Karsinoma nasofaring merupakan tumor ganas epitel nasofaring yang penyebabnya berhubungan dengan faktor viral dan non viral diantaranya asap rokok, ikan asin, formaldehid, genetik, asap kayu bakar , debu kayu, infeksi kronik telinga hidung tenggorok, alkohol dan obat tradisional. Kesimpulan: Pembuktian secara klinis dan ilmiah terhadap faktor non viral sebagai penyebab timbulnya karsinoma nasofaring masih belum dapat dijelaskan secara pasti. Faktor non viral merupakan salah satu faktor risiko yang dapat meningkatkan angka kejadian timbulnya keganasan nasofaring Kata kunci: karsinoma nasofaring, faktor risiko, non viral AbstractBackground: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a malignant epithelial nasopharyngeal tumor that until now the cause still unknown, Epstein barr virus infection had reported as predominant occurance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma but non viral factors may also contribute to the onset of the incidence of nasopharyngeal malignancy. Purpose: To find non viral factors that may increase the incidence of nasopharyngel carcinoma in order to prevent and avoid non-viral factors Literature: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a malignant tumor that causes nasopharyngeal epithelium associated with viral and non-viral factors such as cigarette smoke, salt fish, formaldehyde, genetic, wood smoke ,wood dust, ear nose throat chronic infections, alcohol, and traditional medicine. Conclusion: Clinically and scientifically proving the non-viral factors as

Kekerabatan Genetik Caplak Rhiphicephalus (Boophilus microplus Asal IndonesiaBerdasarkan Sekuen Internal Transcribed Spacer-2 (GENETIC RELATIONSHIP INDONESIAN RHIPHICEPHALUS (BOOPHILUS MICROPLUS TICK BASED ON INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER-2 SEQUENSE

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Ana Sahara

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Rhiphicephalus (Boophilus microplus is important obligatory blood feeding ectoparasites transmittingmany different viral, bacterial and protozoan and plays a role as a vector of Babesia sp., The leria sp. andAnaplasma sp. in cattle. The accuracy in identifying and distinguishing interspecies and intraspeciesdiversity among parasites is needed to understand the epidemiology, biology and capacity as a vector.Variations in the DNA base sequence of the internal transcribed spacer region2 (ITS 2 has been used asa molecular marker for identification in an effort to determine phylogenetic relationships. The aim of thisstudy was to determine the ITS 2 gene nucleotide sequence of R. microplus, which was expected to beuseful for accurate identification the parasite diversity and phylogenetic relationship among many differentspecies. DNA amplification was conducted using BOO2 forward dan BOO2 reverse primers. The DNAsamples containing ITS2 region fragment of 1099 nt were derived from the nucleotide sequence multiplealignments of R.microplus and other ticks genes obtained from Gene bank using Clustal W software, andthen analyzed using the MEGA program version 6. Genetic distances based on nucleotide sequence weredetermined with Kimura 2-parameter method producing the smallest genetic distance of 0 % and 1.2 %.Construction of phylogenetic trees using the Neighbor joining method showed that ticks from variousregions in Indonesia was species complex which have a closer with R.microplus isolates from India, Laos,South Africa, China and Australia R.australis origin.

Öğrencilerin Girişimci Kişilik Özellikleri İle Girişimcilik Eğilimleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma

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Hasan YÜKSEL

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Girişimcilik, çevrenin yarattığı fırsatları sezme, bu fırsatları projelere dönüştürme, projeleri yaşama taşıma ve zenginlik üretme becerisi şeklinde tanımlanabilir. Bu süreçte başarılı girişimciler için ise birçok özellik tanımlanmaktadır. Kişide girişimcilik ruhu genetik olarak var olabileceği gibi aile, ailenin mesleği, çevre, eğitim de girişimcilik ruhunu geliştirmede önemli etkenlerdir. Bu çalışmada temel amaç işletme yönetimi bölümü öğrencilerinin girişimci kişilik özellikleri ve girişimcilik eğilimleri arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmektir. Bu nedenle meslek yüksekokulu işletme yönetiminde öğrenim gören bölüm öğrencilerine araştırmada ileri sürülen hipotezleri test etmek amacıyla anket uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin girişimci kişilik özellikleri yenilikçilik, duyarlılık ve fırsatçılık şeklinde ortaya çıkmıştır. Strese karşı dayanma ise düşük düzeyde ortaya çıkan girişimci kişilik özellikleri arasındadır. Ayrıca çalışmada katılımcıların girişimcilik özellikleri ile cinsiyet değişkeni ve aile meslekleri ile girişimcilik özellikleri arasındaki istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir.

Darwins rEvolution – Thema der Reproduktionsmedizin? Entdeckung – Menschenbild – Domestikation – Auslese

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Lötsch B

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Darwins Einfluss auf unser Denken wird mit jenem von Nikolaus Kopernikus, Sigmund Freud oder Konrad Lorenz verglichen. Die Arbeit erschließt den evolutionären Zugang zu Homo sapiens – körperlich wie im Verhalten. Vor allem fand Darwin den Mechanismus, wie Evolution funktionierte und bis heute wirkt. Dabei entsetzte ihn selbst die gleichgültige Grausamkeit der Natur, mit der sie ständig zahllose unschuldige (höchst empfindungsfähige Jungtiere und Kinder zu Tode bringt – ein Vielfaches derjenigen, die bis zur Fortpflanzung kommen. Wo ist hier der „liebende Gottvater“?, fragte sich der graduierte Theologe angesichts dieses qualvollen Gemetzels. Organismen setzen ihr Erbgut im evolutionären Wettbewerb mit ihrem „Reproduktionserfolg“ durch (nicht bloß Fruchtbarkeit, welche die Tragfähigkeit der Ökosysteme in jedem Fall überfordern würde. Darwin entdeckte „Variation und Selektion“ als die „grausam bewahrenden Faktoren“, welche die Tauglichkeit („fitness“ jeder Art in ihrem Lebensraum gewährleisten – durch Auswahl der Bestangepassten aus der riesigen Überproduktion vielfältiger Nachkommen. Die Erfolgreichen spiegeln in ihren genetischen Eigenschaften die Auslesezwänge wider, durch welche die Art entstand. Verhaustierung und Zivilisation schirmen die Organismen von natürlichen Auslesezwängen ab und führen zum Verlust artspezifischer Körper- und Verhaltensmerkmale. Solche genetischen Ausfälle durch jahrtausendlange Selbstdomestikation des Homo sapiens beschäftigen Genetiker und Ärzte seit Darwin (z. B. seinen Cousin Francis Galton [Eugenics 1885] und den deutschen Mediziner Alfred Ploetz [Rassenhygiene 1895]. Obwohl ursprünglich auf generelle Volksgesundheit zielend und nachweislich ohne rassistische Ideen (eher im Sinne der Menschheit als „the whole human race“, konnte Eugenik dennoch zu inhumanen Praktiken führen, allein wegen der umstrittenen Grenzziehung von „fortpflanzungswürdig oder nicht“, dazu noch

Perbedaan Penggunaan Standar Baru Antropometri WHO-2006 terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Penilaian Status Gizi pada Tenaga Gizi Pelaksana di Kota Banda Aceh Tahun 2009

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Alfridsyah Alfridsyah

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Latar belakang: Pada tahun 2003, WHO merumuskan konsep Multicenter Growth References Study (MGRS yang dilakukan di 6 negara dengan jumlah sampel yang diambil sebanyak 8440 anak hidup di lingkungan sehat yang memungkinkan tumbuh sesuai potensi genetik. Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas yang dilakukan secara serentak di 33 provinsi di Indonesia pada tahun 2007 dalam penilaian status gizi balita telah mengacu pada WHO 2006. Secara keseluruhan Provinsi NAD termasuk ke dalam 10 besar yang mempunyai masalah gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan standar baru antropometri 2006 terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan dan penilaian status gizi pada Tenaga GiziPelaksana (TGP di Kota Banda Aceh tahun 2009. Metode: Rancangan penelitian ini merupakan metode analitik eksploratif dengan pendekatan Quasi Experimental Design, yang dilakukan pada 70 TGP dan dibagi ke dalam dua kelompok. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data primer dan sekunder. Analisis data menggunakan Independent T-Test dan DependentT-Test pada CI: 95%. Hasil: Hasil analisis Independent T-Test menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan (p = 0,000, sikap (p = 0,004, perilaku (p = 0,005 dan peningkatan PSG (p = 0,031 antara post test pada kelompok ceramah disertai diskusi dengan ceramah disertai praktik. Sedangkan hasil analisis Dependent T-Test menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang signifi kan dari pre tes ke post tes terhadap kedua kelompok pada TGP dalam wilayah kerja Kota Banda Aceh. Kesimpulan: Metode ceramah disertai praktik dan metode ceramah disertai diskusi dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap, perilaku dan penilaian status gizi oleh TGP, pendidikan kesehatan penilaian status gizimenggunakan standar antropometri baru WHO-2006 dengan metode ceramah disertai praktik lebih efektif dibandingkan metode ceramah disertai diskusi, dan ada pengaruh yang signifi kan penggunaan standar antropometri baru WHO-2006 terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan

Hubungan Status Sosial Ekonomi dan Gaya Hidup dengan Kejadian Obesitas pada Siswa SD Negeri 08 Alang Lawas Padang

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Cici Octari

2014-05-01

Full Text Available AbstrakObesitas di Indonesia mulai menjadi masalah gizi masyarakat walaupun gizi kurang masih tinggi. Obesitas disebabkan oleh banyak faktor/multifaktorial yang dapat dibagi menjadi genetik dan lingkungan yang diantaranya adalah status sosial ekonomi dan gaya hidup. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional study dengan populasi adalah seluruh siswa kelas I sampai V di SD N 08 Alang Lawas,Padang. Penelitian ini mendapatkan hasil 8,21% siswa mengalami obesitas, 11,79% overweight atau gemuk, 82,60% tingkat pendapatan orang tua siswa berada di atas garis kemiskinan, 71,30% ayah dan 71,80% ibu siswa memiliki tingkat pendidikan menengah, 58,50% siswa memiliki pola makan baik, dan 60% memiliki aktifitas fisik aktif. Tidak didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara kejadian obesitas dengan tingkat pendidikan orang tua (ayah: p=0,205 ; ibu: p=1,00, tingkat pendapatan orang tua (p=0,396, dan pola makan anak (p=0,245. Didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara aktifitas fisik anak dengan kejadian obesitas (p=0,048.Kata kunci: obesitas, anak, sosial-ekonomi, gaya hidupAbstractIn Indonesia, obesity has became a public nutrition problem although frequence of undernutrition was still high. The obesity caused by many factor/multifactorial that asssigned to genetic factor and environment factor. Two of the environment factors are social-economy and life style. Cross sectional study was chosen as a method to conduct the study. The study population were all the students on 1st grade to 5th grade in SD Negeri 08 Alang Lawas, Padang. The result shows that 8.21% of the students suffered from obesity, 11.79% were overweight, 82.60% of the students have the parents that have income more then the poverty line, 71.30% of the fathers and 71.80% of the mothers were middle graduations, 58.50% have good consumptions pattern, and 60% have active physical activity. There are no association between the obesity among the children with parent’s graduation (father: p=0

Promosi Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Keterampilan Berpola Hidup Sehat pada Kelompok Senam

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L. Meily Kurniawidjaja

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Pendirian grup senam masyarakat perkotaan sering dipicu oleh ancaman penyakit jantung koroner dan stroke (penyakit kardiovaskular. Banyak diantara mereka masih berisiko tinggi penyakit kardiovaskular antara lain berat badan lebih dan kadar kolesterol tinggi serta faktor umur dan genetik, tetapi faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskular dapat diturunkan dengan pola hidup sehat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menilai pengaruh metode promosi kesehatan dengan pendekatan siklus rekognisi, analisis, perencanaan, komunikasi, persiapan, implementasi, evaluasi, dan kelanjutan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap dan praktik ibu-ibu pesenam tentang pola hidup sehat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pretest and posttest design untuk menilai hasil intervensi pada 60 orang berusia rata-rata 58,26 tahun dan hampir semua (93,33% adalah perempuan pada dua kelompok senam di Kelurahan Pulogadung selama 10 bulan. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan peningkatan nilai posttest (58% pengetahuan peserta, peningkatan sikap dengan mau berbagi menu sehat dan mengisi alat pantau diri, serta peningkatan keterampilan berpola hidup sehat berupa menyusun menu sehat, bersenam minimal empat kali seminggu, tidur 7-8 jam perhari dan cukup istirahat. Selain itu, kelompok ini berhasil menyusun buku Masak Makanan Sehat. Disarankan kegiatanini dapat diterusan dengan penyajian dan diskusi makanan bijak secara berkala sekali dalam dua bulan dengan menggunakan dana yang terkumpul dari iuran sukarela. Urban exercise groups are often triggered by the perception of the severity and threat of coronary heart diseases and stroke (cardiovascular disease. But many of them are still high in cardiovascular disease risk i.e.overweight and high cholesterol. Cardiovascular disease risk factors can be reduced by healthy lifestyle. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of recogni-tion, analysis, planning, communication, preparation, implementation, evaluation and continuity health promotion strategy in

Kadar Hemoglobin dan Kecerdasan Intelektual Anak

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Yuni Kusmiyati

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Kualitas sumber daya manusia dipengaruhi oleh inteligensi anak. Skor kecerdasan intelektual yang tidak menetap pada usia tertentu dapat berubah karena faktor genetik, gizi, dan lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan kadar hemoglobin dengan kecerdasan intelektual anak. Penelitian observasional dengan desain potong lintang ini dilakukan pada populasi siswa kelas VI Sekolah Dasar Negeri Giwangan Yogyakarta, tahun 2013. Penarikan sampel dilakukan dengan metode simple random sampling terhadap 37 sampel siswa. Instrumen untuk mengukur kecerdasan intelektual dengan Cultural Fair Intelligence Quotient Test yang dirancang untuk meminimalkan pengaruh kultural dengan memperhatikan prosedur evaluasi, instruksi, konten isi, dan respons peserta. Tes dilakukan oleh Biro Psikologi Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta, kadar hemoglobin diukur menggunakan Portable Hemoglobin Digital Analyzer Easy Touch secara digital.Variabel luar indeks massa tubuh diukur langsung menggunakan parameter tinggi badan dan berat badan. Analisis menggunakan uji regresi linier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan indeks massa tubuh tidak berhubungan dengan kecerdasan intelektual (nilai p = 0,052. Anemia berhubungan cukup dengan kecerdasan anak (r = 0,491 dan berpola positif, semakin tinggi kadar hemoglobin semakin tinggi kecerdasan intelektual anak. Nilai koefisien determinasi 0,241 menerangkan bahwa 24,1% variasi anemia cukup baik untuk menjelaskan variabel kecerdasan intelektual. Ada hubungan antara kadar hemoglobin dengan kecerdasan intelektual (nilai p = 0,002. Quality of human resources is influenced by the child’s intelligent. Intelligence Quotient (IQ score will not settle at a certain age and can change due to genetic factors, nutrition, and the environment. The objective is known relationship of anemia with IQ to child. Method of observational study with cross sectional design. Population are students of class VI elementary school of Giwangan Yogyakarta in

PERJUANGAN KESETARAAN GENDER TOKOH WANITA PADA NOVEL-NOVEL KARYA ABIDAH EL KHALIEQY

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Aris Margono

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Dalam penelitian ini dibahas permasalahan tentang profil tokoh utama, ketimpangan gender, perjuangan kesetaraan gender dan perjuangan yang paling dominan, ideologi, dan konteks sosial novel-novel karya Abidah El Khalieqy. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik analisis isi (content analysis. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah sosiologi sastra dengan teori strukturalisme genetik. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah tujuh novel karya Abidah El Khalieqy, yaitu PBS, AS, GJ, MRI, N, MI, dan MRA. Abidah El Khalieqy (penulis novel, dan Tri Marhaeni Pudji Astuti (tokoh kesetaraan gender. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut. Tokoh utama novel-novel karya Abidah El Khalieqy adalah perempuan muda yang cantik, cerdas, tegas, agamis, mandiri, pemberani, dan pantang menyerah. Ketimpangan gender yang paling banyak dialami adalah violence. Perjuangan kesetaraan gender yang paling dominan adalah memperoleh pendidikan tinggi. Ideologi Islam Liberal menjadi dasar pemikiran Abidah El Khalieqy dalam memandang persoalan gender. Konteks sosial yang melatarbelakangi penulisan novel-novel karya Abidah El Khalieqy adalah masyarakat patriarkis yang memposisikan perempuan sebagai the second sex.Motif dasar yang menjadi drive cerita novel-novel karya Abidah El Khalieqy adalah pertentangan antara masyarakat patriarkis dengan kelompok feminis. In this study discussed the issue of the main character profiles, genderine quality, gender equality struggle and the struggle of the most dominant, ideology, and the social context of novels by Abidah El Khalieqy. The study is qualitative research tecniques of content analysis. The approach used is the sociology of literature premises genetic structuralism theory. The data source oh this research is the seventh novel by Abidah El Khalieqy, namely PBS, AS, GJ, MRI, N, MI, and MRA. Abidah El Khalieqy (The author of the novel, and Tri Marhaeni Pudji Astuti (Figures gender equality.The results of this study

Pengaruh Pendekatan Child Healthcare Modeldan Transtheoretical Model terhadap Asupan Makan Anak Overweight dan Obesitas

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Kadek Ayu Erika

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Overweight dan obesitas pada anak merupakan suatu masalah yang kompleks disebabkan multifaktor, yaitu interaksi genetik dan lingkungan. Gaya hidup perkotaan dipicu oleh asupan makanan yang berlebih pada anak overweight dan obesitas. Strategi untuk menurunkan asupan makan berlebih pada anak adalah dengan pendekatan child healthcare model dan transtheoretical model sehingga dapat mengendalikan gaya hidup anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuktikan pengaruh pendekatan child healthcare dan transtheoretical model terhadap asupan karbohidrat anak overweight dan obesitas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di wilayah kecamatan Biringkanaya dan Tamalanrea, Makassar, pada bulan Agustus 2013 sampai Maret 2014. Desain yang digunakan adalah quasy experiment yaitu pretest and posttest with control group design. Sampel dipilih secara purposive sebanyak 31 anak overweight atau obesitas pada kelompok perlakuan dan 33 kontrol pada anak sekolah dasar kelas 4 - 6. Intervensi penelitian 6 bulan dengan pemberian buku panduan gaya hidup sehat. Instrumen menggunakan kuesioner food recall. Hasil uji-t berpasangan menghasilkan asupan karbohidrat pada pre-post intervensi kelompok perlakuan dengan nilai p 0,004 ( < 0,05 sedangkan kelompok kontrol dengan nilai p 0,114. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh pendekatan child healthcare model dan transtheoretical model terhadap asupan karbohidrat anak overweight dan obesitas. Overweight and obesity in children is a complex problem that is caused by a multifactorial genetic and environmental interactions. Urban lifestyle fueled by excessive food intake in overweight and obese children. Strategies to reduce excessive food intake in children is the child healthcare approach and the transtheoretical model so that the model can control the child’s lifestyle. This study aimed to prove the effect of child healthcare approach and the transtheoretical model of the food intake of overweight and obese children. This research was

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI DERAJAT MIOPIA PADA REMAJA (STUDI DI SMA NEGERI 2 TEMANGGUNG KABUPATEN TEMANGGUNG

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Anisa Sofiani

2016-04-01

intensity of outdoor walking (p=0.004, and the intensity of outdoor sports (p=0.017 with degrees of adolescents myopia. And no association with gender, intake of vitamin A, time reading, lighting, reading position, the use of gadgets/day, occupation and income parents, genetik, intensity recreation and hobbies. The strongest factor is the outdoor sports (p=0.005 and OR=17.468. Suggestions for another research is in calculating the intake of Vitamin A does affect the increase diopters of myopia to more pay attention in how the food processing. Categories for variable of using the gadgets also need to be added.

Perkembangan Praimplantasi Embrio Mencit dengan Materi Genetik yang Berasal dari Parental, Maternal, dan Inti Sel Somatik (PRE-IMPLANTATION DEVELOPMENT OF MOUSE EMBRYO WITH GENETIC MATERIAL DERIVED FROM PARENTAL, MATERNAL AND SOMATIC CELL NUCLEUS

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Harry Murti

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Cloned embryo and parthenogenetic embryo are a potential source of stem cells for regenerativemedicine. Stem cells derived from those embryos are expected to overcome the ethical issues to the use offertilization embryos for therapeutic purposes. The pre-implantation development is a critical step fordeveloping embryos reach the blastocyst stage. The objectives in vivo of this research are to produce mousecloned embryo, parthenogenetic embryo, and fertilized embryo and to study stages of  in vitro pre-implantation development culture. In vivo fertilized embryos, mouse oocytes, and cumulus cells were usedin this study. Treatment was performed on female mice superovulated with PMSG and hCG injections.Two-cell stage of in vivo fertilized embryos were collected on the second day post hCG injection. Clonedembryos were produced through Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT, which included enucleation, nucleartransfer and artificial activation. Parthenogenetic embryos were produced with artificial activationtechnique. The result of the research indicated that SCNT application was able to produce cloned embryos which could develop to blastocyst stage (3,2%. In addition, artificial activation of oocytes could produceparthenogenetic embryos which were able to develop up to the blastocyst stage (8,6%. In conclusion,efficiency level of parthenogenetic embryos that is able to reach the blastocyst stage was higher than in thecloned embryos. Fertilized embryos shows a better development and more efficient compared to in vitrocloned embryos and parthenogenetic embryos cultures.

Preliminary Study on the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP of XRCC1 Gene Identificationto Improve the Outcomes of Radiotherapy for Cervical Cancer

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Devita Tetriana

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Cervical cancer is the most fatal disease among Indonesian women. In recognition of the substantial variation in the intrinsic response of individuals to radiation, an effort had been done to identify the genetic markers, primarily Single Nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, which are associated with responsiveness of cancer cells to radiation therapy. One of these SNPs is X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1 (XRCC1 that is one of the most important genes in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA repair pathways. Meta-analysis in the determination of the association of XRCC1 polymorphisms with cervical cancer revealed the potential role of XRCC1 polymorphisms in predicting cell response to radiotherapy.Our preliminary study with real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR showed that radiotherapy affected the XRCC1 gene analyzed in blood of cervical cancer patient. Other published study found three SNPs of XRCC1 (Arg194Trp, Arg280His, and Arg399Gln that cause amino acid substitutions. Arg194Trp is only SNPs that associated with high risk of cervical cancer but not others. Additionally, structure and function of this protein can be altered by functional SNPs, which may lead to the susceptibility of individuals to cancers. Anotherstudy found G399A polymorphisms. We concluded that SNP of this DNA repair genes have been found to be good predictors of efficacy of radiotherapy.Kanker serviks adalah penyakit yang paling fatal pada perempuan di Indonesia. Untuk memahami variasi substansial respon intrinsik individual terhadap radiasi, suatu usaha telah dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi petanda genetik, terutama Single Nucleotide polymorphism (SNP, yang berkaitan dengan responsel kanker terhadap terapi radiasi. Satu dari SNP tersebut adalah X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1 (XRCC1 yang merupakan satu dari gen paling penting dalam lajur perbaikan asam deoksiribonukleat (DNA. Meta-analysis dalam penentuan hubungan polimorfisme XRCC1 dengan kanker serviks

FOLLOWING A HYPOTHESIS BİR HİPOTEZİN İZİNDEN

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E. E. KERİMULLİN

2012-01-01

Full Text Available In this article, written by Ebrar Kerimullin who is one of the eminent scientists and researchers of Tatar Turks, the relation between Turks and American natives is investigated. Ebrar Kerimullin investigated similar works of the scientists like Otto Rerig, R. Williamson, S. Rigg, J. R. Swanton, T. Kreber, S. Vikander, B. Ferrario, G. Dumezil, J. Josselin, N. F. Yakovlev diligently and compared common words by giving examples both in Turkish and in the languages of native groups like Siu-Dakota, Timucha, Yana, and Quechua. Phonetic, morphologic and semantic similarities between Turkish words and the words taken from the languages of natives draw attention. The author believes that there is a genetic closeness between Turkish dialects and languages of several native tribes. The article also includes information about the music, folklore and ethnography of the natives and emphasizes on the closeness of those elements with Turkish music, folklore and ethnography. Tatar Türklerinin önemli bilim adamı ve araştırmacılarından Ebrar Kerimullin tarafından kaleme alınan bu makalede, Türklerle Kızılderililer arasındaki ilgi ele alınmaktadır. Ebrar Kerimullin; Otto Rerig, R. Williamson, S. Rigg, J. R. Swanton, T. Kreber, S. Vikander, B. Ferrario, G. Dumezil, J. Josselin, N. F. Yakovlev gibi bilim adamlarının konuyla ilgili çalışmalarını titizlikle incelemiş ve Türkçeyle Siu-Dakota, Timuça, Yana, Keçua gibi Kızılderili gruplarının dillerinde görülen ortak kelimeleri ele alıp örnekler vererek karşılaştırma yapmıştır. Kızılderili dillerinden örnek olarak verilen kelimelerle Türkçe kelimeler arasındaki fonetik, morfolojik ve semantik yakınlık dikkat çekmektedir. Yazar, Amerika’daki çeşitli Kızılderili kabileleriyle Türk lehçeleri arasında genetik ortaklık olduğu kanaatine varmıştır. Çalışmada ayrıca Kızılderililerin müziği, folkloru, etnografyası hakkında da bilgiler verilmiş ve ilgili

Sakarya Özel Eğitim Kurumunda Eğitim Gören Çocukların Beslenme Tarzında Ebeveynlerin Bilgi ve Tutumlarının İncelenmesi

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Süleyman KALELİ

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Beslenme büyüme ve gelişimin sağlanması, sağlıklı bir yaşam ve sağlıklı bir gelecek için çocukluk evresinde çok önemlidir. Otizm ve down sendromu bir takım benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları gösteren genetik hastalıklar arasında yer almaktadır. Down sendromlu veya otistik çocuklar beslenme açısından riskli bir gruptur. Bu araştırma Sakarya Özel Eğitim Kurumunda eğitim gören çocukların beslenme tarzları ve ebeveynlerin çocuk beslenmesine yönelik tutumlarının incelenmesi amacıyla planlanmıştır. 30 Gönüllü öğrenci velilerine demografik bilgiler haricinde evet/hayır içeren 17 (S1, S2,…,S17 soru sorulmuştur. Ayrıca okul çağında sıkça kullanılan 22 adet gıda maddesi tablosundaki yiyeceklerin sıklığı sorgulanmıştır. S4 (%45,2 evet ve %54,8 hayır, S8 (%41,9 evet ve %54,8 hayır, S15 (%32,3 evet ve %67,7 hayır ve S16’ da ise (%3,2 evet ve %96,8 hayır hayır cevaplarının oranı evet cevabına göre yüksek bulunurken diğer soruların cevaplarında evet oranı yüksek bulunmuştur. Öğün aralarında çocuğun isteklerinin karşılanmaması, çocuğun acıkınca yemek yedirilmemesi, çocuğun her gün düzenli olarak akşam yemeği yememesi aile bireylerinin çocuk besleme bilgisinde yetersiz olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bununla birlikte otistik çocukların cips, gazlı içecekler, lahmacun-pide türü gıdalara az yer verilmesi ve süt ve süt ürünleri, yumurta, kuru baklagiller ekmek ve makarna gibi yiyeceklere yönelmesi olumlu bir beslenme alışkanlığını göstermektedir.

Computer Aided Design of Polygalacturonase II from Aspergillus niger

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Ibrahim Ali Noorbatcha

2011-12-01

bentuk berbantukan komputer. Struktur tiga dimensi poligalakturonase ini pada permulaannya dimodelkan berasaskan kepada struktur kristal. Tapak aktif enzim ini dikenali pasti dengan kaedah mengedok manual dan automatik. Algoritma genetik Lamarckian digunakan untuk dok berautomatik dan tapak aktif ini disahkan dengan perbandingan dengan data eksperimental yang sedia ada. Kaedah ini diikuti pula dengan mutasi in siliko enzim dan proses mengedok automatik diulangi dengan menggunakan enzim mutan. Kekuatan ikatan ligan yang berada di dalam tapak aktif dinilai dengan mengira kiraan ikatan menggunakan kaedah Min Keupayaan Daya (Potential Mean Force (PMF. Mutasi in siliko R256Q dan K258N merupakan penyebabpenurunan dalam kekuatan ikatan ligan di tapak aktif, menunjukkan pengurangan dalam aktiviti enzim, di mana ianya konsisten dengan keputusan ekperimental. Jesteru, mutasi siliko boleh digunakan untuk mereka enzim poligalakturonase baru dengan mempertingkatkan aktiviti enzim.

Konflik Budaya Dalam Konstruksi Kecantikan Wanita Indonesia (Analisis Semiotika Dan Marxist Iklan Pond’s White Beauty Versi Gita Gutawa

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Wulan Purnama Sari

2015-12-01

dalam hal makna kecantikan bagi perempuan Indonesia. Analisis semiotik menunjukkan bahwa iklan Pond’s White Beauty menampilkan stereotip mengenai gambaran kecantikan bagi perempuan Indonesia. Perempuan yang cantik merupakan perempuan yang putih seperti orang Korea padahal bagi orang Indonesia yang memiliki genetik berbeda, hal ini menjadi tolak ukur yang tidak dapat disamakan. Iklan Pond’s ini menampilkan kesadaran palsu, dimana perempuan Indonesia dapat memiliki kulit putih seperti Korea hanya dengan menggunakan produk Pond’s. Unilever sebagai kapitalis menghegomoni para perempuan Indonesia untuk membeli produk kecantikan Pond’s dengan menggunakan media iklan untuk menciptakan kesadaran palsu dalam pikiran para perempuan Indonesia tentang gambaran kecantikan.

Pertumbuhan dan Keseragaman Warna Bulu Ayam Persilangan Balik (BC2 Hasil Seleksi Genetik Persilangan Ayam Pelung dengan Ayam Pedaging (GROWTH AND PLUMAGE COLOR UNIFORMITY OF BACK CROSS (BC2CHICKEN RESULTED FROM GENETICS SELECTION OF PELUNG CHICKEN

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Ayudha Bahana I. Perdamaian

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Research aim to derive an excellent hybrid to be positioned as meat-type chicken. An excellent breed which possess uniform morphological character was archived by genetic selection through back-crossed mating shceme in focus on growth rate and plumage color uniformity. Day Old Chicken (DOC resulted from parent stock broiler cobb 500 and Pelung chicken originated from Cianjur district, West java mating were intensively reared for seven week from hatch. Each chicken weighted every seven day and morphological character assessed at seven weeks old. Observe variable are heterocyst, coefficient Inbreeding (Fx, Inbreeding rate (F, plumage and shank characteristic proportion, and its frequency gene alteration through selection. After serial genetic selection, the BC2 chicken has 1129 g body weight and uniform morphological character. Overall body weight of BC3 chicken offspring from BC2 and F1 was deteriorated compared its broiler predecessor because of Inbreeding depression (Fx: 0.4375; F: 0.3125 and heterocyst decrement (H: -39.33 however, morphological appearance were highly resemble pelung chicken. Based on these finding, BC2 chicken was promised meat-type hybrid chicken which has fast growth rate and similar morphological character.

Optimasi Penambahan Colcemid pada Karyotyping Kultur Mecenchymal Stem Cells (MSC Mencit

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Ratih Rinendyaputri

2016-02-01

Full Text Available AbstractControl of the genetic stability of stem cells prior to the conduct of therapy is essential to prevent effects such as stem cell transformation. Karyotyping is a conventional technique to conduct an analysis of the number and structure of chromosomes. The analysis can only be performed on metaphase stage that needs to be optimized to get the cell at that stage because the length of the cell cycle are different in the each cell types. This study aims to obtain an optimal time to get MSC at metaphase stage. The study was conducted at the stem cell laboratory of Center for Biomedical and Basic Technology of Health. The event begins with isolation using flushing technique at the femur and tibia of mice. Furthermore, the culture in vitro and induction colcemid 0,25μg/ml for 8,16 and 24 hours to get the MSC at metaphase stage. KCl solution with a concentration of 0.075 M and 0,045 M used as a solvent hipotonis. Results showed that 16 hours of induction colcemid 0,25μg/ml in 0.075 M KCl solution usage percentage of MSC who are at metaphase stage and do the highest analysis (p<0.05. In this study 16 hours induction colcemid 0,25μg/ml is the optimal time to obtain metaphase stage of the MSC from bone marrow of mice.Keywords: mecenchymal stem cell, karyotyping, colcemidAbstrakKontrol terhadap stabilitas genetik pada sel punca sebelum pelaksanan terapi merupakan hal yang penting untuk mencegah efek seperti transformasi sel punca yang dapat terjadi. Secara konvensional dapat dilakukan karyotyping untuk melakukan analisis terhadap jumlah dan struktur kromosom. Analisis hanya dapat dilakukan pada tahap metafase sehingga perlu dilakukan optimasi untuk mendapatkan sel pada tahap tersebut mengingat panjang siklus sel setiap jenis sel berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh waktu yang optimal untuk mendapatkan MSC pada tahap metafase. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium stem cell Pusat Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan Badan Litbangkes

Profil Ekspresi mRNA Gen Murine Double Minute2, Kruppel-Like Factor4, dan c-Myc pada Fibrosarkoma

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- Humaryanto

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Abstrak Fibrosarkoma hanya terjadi 1–3% dari seluruh keganasan jaringan lunak. Hingga saat ini etiologi fibrosarkoma belum diketahui dengan pasti. Beberapa faktor dapat menjadi penyebab patogenesis fibrosarkoma antara lain radiasi, terpapar zat kimia tertentu, serta infeksi human herpes virus 8 (HHV8 dan Epstein-Barr virus (EBV. Penelitian terkini menunjukkan bahwa banyak sarkoma terkait dengan mutasi genetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat profil ekspresi mRNA gen Krüppel-like Factor4, Murine Double Minute2, dan c-Myc pada fibrosarkoma menggunakan teknik real time PCR kuantitatif (quantitative real time PCR, qRT-PCR. Analisis data menggunakan metode kuantititatif relatif 2-ΔΔCt. Penelitian ini menggunakan 10 sampel kasus fibrosarkoma yang ditemukan di Kota Jambi dari tahun 2011–2015. Hasil ΔCt (+SD MDM2, KLF-4, dan c-Myc disusun dari nilai yang terkecil hingga tertinggi adalah 1,85±2,14; 2,06±3,86; 2,9±2,66 secara berurutan. Dibanding dengan level ekspresi dengan GAPDH sebagai housekeeping gene, gen MDM2 dan KLF-4 relatif menurun dua kali lipat, sedangkan gen c-Myc relatif menurun lebih dari tiga kali lipat. Simpulan, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada kasus fibrosarkoma, gen c-Myc disupresi lebih kuat dibanding dengan gen MDM2 dan KLF-4. Abstract Fibrosarcoma is a rare soft tissue sarcoma, reported only 1–3% of all soft tissue sarcomas. Like any other soft-tissue sarcomas the definitive caused has not yet understood. Recognized causes include exposure to ionizing radiation, various physical and chemical factors, infection with human herpes virus (HHV8 and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV. Current research indicates many sarcomas are associated with genetic mutations. In this study, we investigated profile of mRNA gene expression KLF4, MDM2, and c-Myc of RNA in fibrosarcoma cases. The genes expression was examined using quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR and we analyzed the relative gene expression using the 2-ΔΔCt method. Ten

MODEL REKORDING DATA PERFORMANS SAPI POTONG LOKAL DI INDONESIA

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L Hakim

2012-04-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAK Kontribusi ternak lokal dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pangan protein hewani bagi masyarakat Indonesia masih patut diperhitungkan, walau ditenggarai ada penurunan populasinya. Adanya tingkat pemotongan ternak produktif yang tidak seimbang dengan tingkat reproduksinya, ditambah dengan masih berlangsungnya kebijakan impor sapi potong maupun dagingnya, menyebabkan terancamnya ternak sapi lokal menuju kepunahan. Upaya yang harus dilakukan adalah mengembangkan populasinya dengan memperbaiki performans produksi dan reproduksinya. Namun perlu diingat bahwa dalam program perbaikan mutu genetik ternak, program rekording yang dilakukan secara tertib, benar, akurat, dan berkesinambungan, harus mendapat prioritas utama. Untuk memudahkan rekapitulasi dan analisis data, diperlukan software rekording, yang tentunya harus sederhana dan mudah diterapkan di lapang. Dalam Program Rusnas Sapi, telah dirancang software rekording sapi potong (SRS Versi.1.1. yang dapat digunakan untuk rekapitulasi dan pengolahan data performans produksi dan reproduksinya. Dalam implementasinya di lapang, software tersebut masih terus dikembangkan dan di update sesuai dengan kebutuhan penggunanya. Bersamaan dengan perancangan software rekording sapi, juga telah dipersiapkan disain website sapi potong lokal Indonesia, dimana beberapa tahapan inventarisasi data telah dilakukan. Dengan demikian diharapkan akan terdapat wadah komunikasi bagi para peternak dan terakumulasinya data-base sapi potong lokal di Indonesia. Kata kunci: Rekording, performans, sapi potong lokal, software.   DATABASE RECORDING MODELS OF INDONESIAN  LOCAL BEEF CATTLE PERFORMANCE ABSTRACT The contribution of livestock to meet local needs in food of animal protein for the people of Indonesia should still be calculated, despite the decline in population there. The existence of cutting the level of productive livestock that is not balanced with the reproduction level, and the remains of the policy of import of beef

GANGGUAN PANIK DENGAN AGORAFOBIA

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Yaslinda Yaunin

2012-09-01

Full Text Available AbstrakSerangan Panik ditandai dengan gejala anxietas yang berat seperti: berdebar-debar, nyeri dada, sesak nafas, tremor, pusing, merasa dingin atau panas, ada depersonalisasi atau derealisasi, gejala mencapai puncaknya dalam 10 menit. Gangguan Panik merupakan serangan panik yang berulang-ulang dengan onset cepat dan durasi sangat singkat. Karena adanya keluhan fisik berat pada waktu serangan, pasien menjadi ketakutan mereka akan mendapat serangan jantung, stroke dan lain-lain. Kadang pasien berfikir mereka akan kehilangan kontrol atau menjadi gila. Lama-lama pasien akan menghindari tempat-tempat atau situasi serangan paniknya pernah terjadi terutama tempat kegiatan sosial atau tempat yang susah untuk menyelamatkan diri, hal ini dianggap sebagai penyebab terjadinya Agorafobia. Gangguan Panik bisa disebabkan faktor biologik,genetik atau psikososial. Penatalaksanaan sebaiknya kombinasi Psikofarmaka dan Psikoterapi. Pada kasus ini seorang wanita 26 tahun datang dengan keluhan seperti serangan panik berulang sejak 6 bulan sebelumnya, yang tidak mendapat pengobatan adekuat sehingga jatuh menjadi Gangguan Panik dengan Agorafobia. Kalau dilihat etilogi sesuai teori psikososial: pasien ini mengalami cukup banyak trauma pada masa anak yaitu dengan perceraian orangtua, hidup penuh stresor bersama tante serta ibu tiri pada masa-masa sekolah. Ketika tinggal bersama ibu kandung pasien sering menyaksikan pertengkaran ibu dan bapak tirinya. Dengan pemberian Psikofarmaka yang dikombinasi dengan Psikoterapi memberi hasil yang cukup baik.Kata kunci: Serangan Panik,Gangguan Panik, AgorafobiaAbstractPanic Attack is characterized by severe anxiety symptoms: palpitation, chest pain, dyspnoe, tremor, dizziness, chills or hot, depersonalization or derealization, the symptoms reached a peak within 10 minutes. Panic Disorder is several time got Panic Att.ack with rapid onset and short very duration. Because of the physical symptoms during the attack, patient become

Kültüre alınan salep orkidelerinde yabancı otlarla mücadelede kimyasal ve mekanik yöntemlerin etkinliğinin belirlenmesi

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Yrd.Doç.Dr. Salih PARLAK

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Ülkemizde 30’u endemik 170 takson ile temsil edilen salep orkideleri bitki çeşitliliği içerisinde genetik zenginliğimizin önemli bir parçası olması yanı sıra ekonomik ve ticari değeri olan türleri de barındırmaktadır. “Nesli Tehlike Altında Olan Yabani Hayvan ve Bitki Türlerinin Uluslararası Ticaretine İlişkin Sözleşme" (CITIES” kapsamında oldukları halde salep elde etmek üzere her yıl doğadan milyonlarca adet sökülmektedir. Elde edilen salep başta dondurma endüstrisi olmak üzere gıda sektöründe kullanılmaktadır. Ekonomik değeri yüksek bir ürün olmasına rağmen kültüre alma çalışmaları halen devam etmektedir. Yabancı ot kontrolü, kültüre alma çalışmaları sırasında karşılaşılan ve maliyetleri önemli ölçüde arttıran bir etmen olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada hem mekanik hem de kimyasal mücadele olanakları araştırılmış ve kültür yetiştiriciliğinde ucuz ve etkili bir yöntem tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. İzmir’in Menemen ilçesi tarla şartlarında 2010 yılında gerçekleştirilen çalışmada farklı etken maddelere sahip herbisitler kullanılarak kimyasal mücadelenin etkinliği belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu maksatla 2010 yılı eylül ayının 3. haftasında yapılan yumru ekimlerinden sonra çıkış öncesi önerilen dozda Lenacil (Adol, Bentazon (Basagran, Acetochlor (Cengaver, Aclonifen (Challenge, Pendimethalin (Herbimat, Trifluralin (Treflan ve kontrol olmak üzere yedi işlem üç tekerrürlü olarak uygulanmıştır. Uygulamadan sonra kullanılan etken maddeler kontrole göre metrekaredeki yabancı ot sayısında; Lenacil etkisiz, Bentazon % 54, Trifluralin % 71, Acetochlor % 95, Aclonifen % 97, Pendimethalin % 93 oranında azalttığı belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte Trifluralin, Acetochlor ve Aclonifen’in salep bitkilerinin gelişmesini de olumsuz etkilediği gözlenmiş, hem yabancı ot kontrolü, hemde salep

The relation between salivary sIgA level and caries incidence in Down syndrome children

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Rosdiana Rosdiana

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Background: Down syndrome or Trisomy 21 is a genetic disorder caused by extra chromosome on chromosome 21. Down syndrome child, however, has good resistance against caries, and some of them even are caries-free. It is because the level of salivary sIgA in Down syndrome children is equal or even higher than that in normal children. Purpose: This review was aimed to review the relation between salivary sIgA level and caries incidence in Down syndrome children. Reviews: Down syndrome is a collection of symptoms caused by chromosomal abnormality that has a number of physical and mental disorders. Down syndrome children, nevertheless, have significantly lower incidence of caries than normal children. These conditions are thought to relate to characteristics of oral cavity and the level of salivary sIgA in Down syndrome children. Caries is a disease of dental hard tissues caused by the fermentation of sucrose into glucans by glucosyltransferase enzymes (GTF of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans. One of proteins in saliva that acts as a defense mechanism is imunoglubulin. Secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA inhibits the activity of S. mutans as bacteria causing caries forming glucan. This immunoglobulin, sIgA, is the most abundant immunoglobulin in saliva. The level of salivary sIgA in Down syndrome children is significantly higher than that in normal children. Conclusion: Besides factors of tooth eruption delays, wide spaces among teeth, microdontia, pH, and high saliva contents (calcium, sodium, bicarbonate, the low incidence of caries in Down syndrome children is also related with the higher level of salivary sIgA in Down syndrome children than that in normal children.Latar belakang: Sindroma Down atau Trisomi 21 merupakan kelainan genetik yaitu adanya kromosom ekstra pada kromosom 21. Anak sindroma Down memiliki resistensi yang baik terhadap karies dan sebagian dari mereka bebas karies. Kadar sIgA saliva anak sindroma Down sama atau bahkan lebih tingi

Siparişe Dayalı Üretim İçin Ürün Gruplarının Oluşturulmasında Genetik Algoritma Tabanlı Bir Yaklaşım(Genetic Algorithm-Based Approach for Constructing Product Groups in Make-to-Order Production Environments

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Şevkinaz GÜMÜŞOĞLU

2013-12-01

Full Text Available In today’s production environments in which there exist a cutthroat competition and continuous changes in demands needs of customers, enterprises have started to search for solutions to make their manufacturing systems flexible and profitable to keep up with these conditions. In make-to-order systems, the ambiguity in demands, range of products, different processing time of the pieces and the number of processes they go through cause a complex flow of manufacture. Especially for make-to-order production environments, product classifications and groupings are carried out to cope with planning difficulties and to maintain the flexibility. Product and machine classifications are handled within the context of group technology and cellular manufacturing. In this study, a novel product grouping approach is presented for organizing machines and providing the flexibility for the manufacturing processes based on genetic algorithm considering total processing times. The proposed approach supports the improvement in productivity and the deficiency in lateness.

The effect of nickel as a nickel chromium restoration corrosion product on gingival fibroblast through analysis of BCl-2

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FX Ady Soesetijo

2012-12-01

menginisiasi pembentukan ROS, yang selanjutnya dapat menjalankan reaksi redoks dan dapat menimbulkan kerusakan DNA. DNA yang rusak mempengaruhi ekspresi genetik, terutama Bcl-2 dan bahkan dapat memicu apoptosis. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkap mekanisme toksisitas Ni sebagai suatu produk korosi restorasi NiCr pada fibroblas gingiva melalui analisis ekspresi Bcl-2. Metode: Sel dengan kepadatan 105 ditanam pada tiap-tiap coverslip di dalam 72 well untuk kelompok perlakuan dan ditanam pada tiap-tiap coverslip di dalam 24 well untuk kelompok kontrol (inkubasi selama 24 jam. Pada kelompok perlakuan, masing-masing well dipapar dengan 20 μL saliva artificial yang mengandung konsentrasi Ni hasil perendaman tiap-tiap restorasi, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol dipapar 20 μL saliva artificial (inkubasi 1,3 dan 7 hari. Data yang terkumpul selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dua arah dan ANOVA satu arah. Perbandingan antar kelompok eksperimental setelah analisis ANOVA satu arah menggunakan uji Fisher’s LSD. Penghitungan jumlah sel yang mengekspresikan Bcl-2, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan dokumentasi dengan menggunakan kamera Olympus Microscope BX-50 Japan. Hasil: Analisis statistik ANOVA dua arah menunjukkan adanya interaksi antara peningkatan konsentrasi Ni dan lama paparan terhadap ekspresi Bcl-2 fibroblas gingiva > (p = 0,021 < á = 0,05. Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin tinggi konsentrasi paparan Ni pada fibroblas gingiva dan semakin lama masa inkubasi, maka akan menurunkan ekspresi Bcl-2.

Esnek Hesaplamada Sinirsel Bulanık Sinerjiyi Temel Alan Sistemler ve Yaklaşımlar Üzerine Bir İnceleme

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Koray Aki

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Özet. Yapay Sinir Ağları (Artificial Neural Network, YSA ve Bulanık Mantık (Fuzzy Logic, BM melezleştirmesi gerçek dünya problemlerinin çözümünde uyarlanabilir zeki sistemlere olan ihtiyaç nedeniyle çeşitli bilimsel ve mühendislik alanındaki çalışmalarda araştırmacıların ilgisini çekmektedir. Problemlerin çözümünde sıklıkla eniyileme için Genetik Algoritma (Genetic Algorithm, GA kullanılmaktadır. YSA, insan beyninin çalışma prensibini taklit ederek, eğitim sürecindeki örneklerin kullanımı sayesinde öğrenimini gerçekleştirir. BM, sözel ifadeleri verilen kurallar ve üyelik fonksiyonları kullanarak kural tabanındaki kurallara çevirmektedir. YSA ve BM birbirlerinin eksikliklerini giderdiklerinde başarımı daha yüksek sistemler elde edilmektedir. Bulanık sistemlere sinir ağı ile öğrenme yeteneği kazandırılabilmektedir. Sinirsel bulanık sistemlerde (SBS, BM bileşenine esneklik, hız ve uyarlanabilirlik gibi özellikler YSA bileşeni sayesinde kaynaştırılmaya çalışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, YSA ve BM bileşenlerinin melezlenmesiyle elde edilmiş literatürdeki SBS’lerle ilgili 51 adet çalışma sistematik olarak incelenmiştir. Yapılan literatür incelenmesinde Uyarlanabilir Sinirsel Bulanık Çıkarım Sistemini (Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System, ANFIS temel alan yaklaşımların diğer SBS’lere göre daha fazla sayıda çalışmada kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Literatürdeki örnek çalışmalar üzerinden değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Abstract. Hybridization of artificial neural network (ANN and fuzzy logic (FL has drawn the attention of researchers in various studies of scientific and engineering field due to the requirements of adaptive intelligent system for solving of real-world problems. Genetic algorithm (GA has been frequently used to optimize the problem solutions. ANN imitate the work principles of human brain, and realize the learning via using

Enamel defect of deciduous teeth in small gestational age children

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Willyanti S Syarif

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Background: Enamel defect could be caused by genetic and environmental factors in prenatal period. Meanwhile, prenatal malnutrition could also cause small gestational age (SGA. Small Gestational Age is the term used for a neonatal baby with birthweight below the -2SD normal value or 10th percentile on the intrauterine Lubchenco curve. This condition is due to intra-uterine growth restriction, and eventually ends up with several developmental defects of organs, including teeth. In fact, deciduous tooth development has a critical phase within this development period. Purpose: The aim of this study is not only to find out the incidence of enamel defect in SGA children, but also to know the percentage of SGA risk factor to develop enamel defect. Method: This was a epidemiology research with consecutive admission technique. It consisted of 153 SGA children aged 9–48 months. Next, the Ponderal index was used to assign SGA types, symmetrical or asymmetrical one-in this study 59 and 94 respectively. On the other hand, three hundred and ninety Appropriate for Gestational Age (AGA children aged 4–48 months were also included in the study as a control group. Enamel defect then was determined by intraoral examination, classified into hypoplasia and hypocalcifications. Chi-square test was finally used to determine the relative risk ratio between the SGA and the control AGA children. Result: The result of this research showed that incidence of enamel defect in SGA children was 86.92%, meanwhile, that in AGA children was 23.08%, 66.00% of which were commonly suffered from hypocalcification. With p<0.05 it is also known that SGA children has the risk of enamel defect with hypocalcification, about 79% higher than AGA children. Conclusion: It could be concluded that 79% of SGA children had the risk of deciduous tooth enamel defect with hypocalcification as the most.Latar belakang: Defek email dapat terjadi karena faktor genetik dan lingkungan sistemik yang

KAJIAN EPIDEMIOLOGIS PENYAKIT PARU OBSTRUKTIF KRONIK (PPOK

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Ratih Oemiati

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Abstrak Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis (PPOK sangat kurang dikenal di masyarakat. Di Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1991 diperkirakan terdapat 14 juta orang menderita PPOK, meningkat 41,5% dibandingkan tahun 1982, sedangkan mortalitas menduduki peringkat IV penyebab terbanyak yaitu 18,6 per 100.000 penduduk pada tahun 1991 dan angka kematian ini meningkat 32,9% dari tahun 1979 sampai 1991. WHO menyebutkan PPOK merupakan penyebab kematian keempat didunia yaitu akan menyebabkan kematian pada 2,75 juta orang atau setara dengan 4,8%. Selain itu WHO juga menyebutkan bahwa sekitar 80 juta orang akan menderita PPOK dan 3 juta meninggal karena PPOK pada tahun 2005. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur prevalensi PPOK, tingkat keparahan, serta untuk mengidentifikasi tipe PPOK, faktor risiko, morbiditas dan mortalitas, dampak PPOK dan biaya pengobatan. Penelitian ini merupakan review PPOK berdasarkan data kepustakaan dan jurnal dengan fokus penulisan PPOK, yang meliputi; gejala, klasifikasi, prevalensi, faktor risiko, morbiditas dan mortalitas, dampak PPOK, pengobatan dan biaya pengobatan PPOK. Berdasarkan kajian tipe PPOK ada dua yaitu bronchitis kronik dan emphysema. Di Asia Tenggara diperkirakan prevalensi PPOK sebesar 6,3% dengan prevalensi tertinggi ada di negara Vietnam (6,7%dan RRC (6,5%. Faktor risiko antara lain merokok; polusi indoor, outdoor, dan polusi di tempat kerja; genetik; riwayat infeksi saluran napas berulang. Ada 4 indikator tingkat keparahan berdasarkan ATS (American Thoracic Society. Keterbatasan aktivitas pada pasien PPOK, penurunan berat badan, peningkatan risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler, osteoporosis dan depresi merupakan akibat PPOK.Dibutuhkan sekitar $ 18 miliar biaya langsung dan biaya tidak langsung sekitar $14.1 miliar dalam penanggulangan PPOK di Eropa. Kata Kunci: PPOK, faktor risiko, mortalitas Abstract Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD was unknown diseases. It predicted 14 million COPD’s patient in 1991 in USA

Design and Development of Material and Information Flow for Supply Chaıns Using Genetic Cellular Networks = Genetik Hücresel Yapay Sinir Ağ Yapıları Kullanılarak Tedarik Zincirleri için Bilgi ve Malzeme Akışının Geliştirilmesi

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Erdem BİLGİLİ

2002-01-01

Full Text Available In a recent paper by authors (Ziarati and Ucan, January 2001 a Back Propagation-Artificial Neural Network (BP-ANN was adapted for predicting the required car parts quantities in a real and major auto parts supplier chain. It was argued that due to the learning ability of neural networks, their speed and capacity to handle large amount of data, they have a potential for predicting components requirements and establishing associated scheduling throughout a given supply chain system.This paper should be considered a continuation of the first paper as the neural network approach introduced in this paper replaces the BP-ANN by a new method viz., Genetic Cellular Neural Network (GCNN. The latter approach requires by far less stability parameters and hence better suited to fast changing scenarios as in real supply chain applications.The model has shown promising outcomes in learning and predicting material demand in a supply chain, with high degree of accuracy.

Faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada anak umur 6-36 bulan di Wilayah Pedalaman Kecamatan Silat Hulu, Kapuas Hulu, Kalimantan Barat

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Siti Wahdah

2016-08-01

incidence of stunting were exclusivebreastfeeding, number of household members, maternal height, income, and father’s height.KEYWORDS: exclusive breastfeeding, height of father, height of mother, income, stuntingABSTRAKLatar belakang: Stunting pada anak balita merupakan indikator status gizi yang dapat memberikan gambaran gangguan keadaan sosial ekonomi secara keseluruhan di masa lampau. Stunting yang terjadi pada masa anak merupakan faktor risiko meningkatnya angka kematian, kemampuan kognitif dan perkembangan motorik yang rendah, dan fungsi tubuh yang tidak seimbang. Kejadian stunting berhubungan dengan berbagai macam faktor antara lain lingkungan keluarga (pendidikan, pekerjaan, pendapatan, pola asuh, pola makan dan jumlah anggota rumah tangga, faktor gizi (ASI eksklusif danlama pemberian ASI, faktor genetik, penyakit infeksi, dan kejadian BBLR. Menurut hasil riset kesehatan dasar, prevalensi anak balita yang menderita stunting di Indonesia pada tahun 2010 masih tinggi sebesar 35,6%, dan 39,7% di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat.Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada anak umur 6-36 bulan di pedalaman Kecamatan Silat Hulu, Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Populasinya adalah seluruh balita yang ada di wilayah pedalaman Kecamatan Silat Hulu Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square dan untuk mengetahui variabel paling determinan terhadap stunting dilakukan analisis regresi logistik.Hasil: Kejadian stunting berhubungan signifi kan dengan pekerjaan ibu, tinggi badan ayah, tinggi badan ibu, pendapatan, jumlah anggota rumah tangga, pola asuh, dan pemberian ASI eksklusif (p<0,05. Kejadian stunting tidak berhubungan dengan, pekerjaan ayah, pola makan, lama pemberian ASI, penyakit infeksi, dan pendidikan ibu (p>0,05.Kesimpulan: Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian

Muhsin Ertuğrul: Türk Sinemasının Kurucusu mu Yoksa Günah Keçisi mi? / Muhsin Ertuğrul: The Founder or the Scapegoat of Turkish Cinema?

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Seçkin SEVİM

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Muhsin Ertuğrul (1892-1979, Cumhuriyet’in ilk yıllarında çektiği filmlerle Türk sinemasının genetik kodlarını oluşturmuştur. Ertuğrul hakkındaki literatürde daha çok Nijat Özön’ün yazdıkları egemendir. Özön’ün eleştirilerinden yola çıkanlar, Ertuğrul’u Türk sinemasındaki olumsuzlukların sorumlusu olarak görmüşlerdir. Alim Şerif Onaran’ın çalışmaları, Muhsin Ertuğrul hakkındaki önyargılı değerlendirmelerin etkisini bir ölçüde azaltmıştır. Ne var ki yokluklar içinde mücadele etmenin ve öncü olmanın zorlukları, Ertuğrul’un bir günah keçisi olarak görülmesini engelleyememiştir. Birçok sinema tarihçisinin de ifade ettiği gibi, Muhsin Ertuğrul’un tiyatroculuğu sinemacılığına ağır basmaktadır. Ertuğrul, ancak birkaç filminde vasatın üzerine çıkabilmiştir. Onun sinema mirası birçok açıdan eleştirilebilirse de Türkiye’de sinemanın varolabilmesi için harcadığı çaba göz ardı edilemez. Teknolojiye en çok bağlı sanat dalı olan sinemayı yokluklar içinde var edebilmiş olması Muhsin Ertuğrul’u Türk sinema tarihi içinde ayrıcalıklı bir yere oturtur. Muhsin Ertuğrul’un filmleri, Kemalist modernleşme projesinin sinemadaki yansıması olarak izlenebilir. Ertuğrul, Cumhuriyet devrimlerinin hayata geçirilmesi için özveriyle mücadele etmiş bir kültür adamıdır. Türk kadınını ilk kez beyaz perdeye çıkarmakla kalmamış; tüm hayatı boyunca Cumhuriyet’in ideallerinin sanat alanındaki temsilcisi olmuştur. Bu amaçla eğitmenlik, yönetmenlik, eleştirmenlik, oyunculuk ve çevirmenlik gibi birçok misyonu aynı anda yüklenmek zorunda kalmıştır. Salgın hastalıklarla boğuşmak ve nüfusunu en azından ilkokul düzeyinde eğitmek gibi öncelikleri olan bir ülkede tiyatro ve sinema sanatının temellerini atmıştır. Nitekim bu çalışmanın amacı, Muhsin Ertuğrul’un Türk sinemasındaki kurucu rolünü ortaya

Kongre İzlenimleri

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Yasemin Günay Balcı

1999-12-01

Full Text Available XVIII. IALM (ULUSLARARASI ADLİ TIP AKADEMİSİ KONGRESİ, 6-9 Eylül 2000, Santiago de Compostela, İSPANYA Kongre Santiago de Compostela Tıp Fakültesi’nde gerçekleştirildi. Özel oturum ve konferansların düzenlendiği, "İnsanlığa Karşı Suçlar", "Kardiyak Orijinli Ani Ölümler", "Vertebral Yaralanmalar", “Cinsel Çocuk İstismarı", "Avrupa’da DNA Veri Tabanı", "Alkol, İlaç ve Uyuşturucuların Postmortem Dağılımı" konuları aynı zamanda kongrenin ana temaları idi. Ayrıca kongrede "Acili Tıp ve Etik" alanında 4 sözlü 11 poster, "Adli Patoloji" alanında 36 sözlü 95 poster, "Klinik Adli Tıp" alanında 9 sözlü 18 poster, "Adli Genetik" alanında 10 sözlü 23 poster olmak üzere toplam 70 sözlü 190 poster bildirisi sunuldu. Yaklaşık 400 kişiden fazla katılımcısı bulunan kongreye Türkiye’den Doç.Dr. M.Ercüment Aksoy 1, Doç. Dr. Derya Azmak 4, Doç.Dr. Dilek Durak 1, Doç.Dr. M.Akif İnanıcı 3, Uzm.Dr. Yasemin Günay 2, Doç.Dr. Ahmet Yılmaz 3 poster bildirisi ile katıldılar. Ayrıca Doç.Dr. Emre Albek, Dr. S Altaner, Yard. Doç. Dr. Gürcan Altun, Uzm. Dr. Nezih Anolay, Dr. S Bilgi, Uzm.Dr. Nur Birgen, Dr. L Candan, Arş.Gör. Dr. Burcu Eşiyok, Uzm. Dr. Önder Özkalıpçı, Dr. F Özyıl- maz, Uzm. Dr. Bülent Uluakay, Dr. F Varol da katıldıkları çalışmalarla gıyaben temsil edildiler. Postmortem interval ve ani kalp ölümlerinin postmortem tanısı ile ilgili immüno-histo-kimyasal çalışmalar uluslararası adli tıp otoritelerince en ilgi çeken bildiri ve çalışmalar arasında idi. Sunulan bildirilerde katılımcılar önemli oranda kendi departmanlarında yaptıkları pratik uygulamalardan örnekler sundular. Kongrenin sosyal boyutuna gelince; bir akdeniz ülkesi olması dolayısıyla deniz ürünleriyle zenginleştirilmiş yemekler harika idi. Katılan arkadaşlar Portekiz gezisinden çok memnun kaldıklarını belirttiler. Kaldığımız manastır ve Santiago de

Dergilerden Özetler

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Mete Korkut Gülmen

1997-04-01

şe bağlı ısırık izlerinin rad- yografik incelenmesinde zaman aşımı durumunda 30 yılı aşkın antemortem ve postmortem filmler incelenmiştir. Aynı konuda benzer radyografilerin yeterliliği hassas ve spesifik istatistikler kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Hernekadar gözlemcilerin ayrıntılı inceleme güvenirliği hayli yüksek olsa da, aynı kişilere ait radyografiler olsa bile 20 yılı aşkın bir zaman diliminde anlamlı olarak güvenli bir sonuç elde edilmesinin güç olacağı açıktır. MULTİPL KARDI YAK RABDOMİ YOMANIN ÖZELLİKLE HİSTOLOJİK OLARAK BELİRLENMESİ Multiple cardiac rhabdomyoma with exclusively histological manifestation Grellner W, Herıssge C. Forensic Sci Int 1996; 78/1: 1-5. Kalp rabdomiyomları genellikle otopside makroskopik tümör nodüllerinin görüldüğü seyrek rastlanan lezyonlardır. Yaşlı bir annenin 2,5 aylık sağlıklı görünümdeki bebeğinin olağanüstü ölüm olgusu ele alınarak incelenmiştir. Postmortem incelemede büyük kar- diyak morfoloji ve özellikle multifokal rabdomiyomların histolojik görünümü tespit edilmiştir. Mikroskopik ve immünohistokimyasal özellikler belirlenmiştir. Tu- beros sklerozis tespit edilmese de sıklıkla bu tip bir hamartomla bağlantılıdır. Olgu beklenmedik çocuk ölümlerinde histolojik araştırmanın önemini vurgulamaktadır. Ölümün aydınlatılmasının dışında, otopsinin kardiyak rabdomiyoma gibi olası genetik geçişli hastalıkların teşhisinde proflaktik bir fonksiyonu bulunabilir. SEKME HAREKETİ GÖSTEREN EMNİYETLİ MERMİ ÇEKİRDEKLERİNİN İZLERİ Traces of ricocheted action safety bullets Schyma C, Placidi P. Am J Forensic Med and Pathol 1997; 18(1: 15-20. “Action 1-3” mermileri ile hedef olarak kumaş, domuz derisi ve jelatinden yapılmış manken kullanılarak ateşli silah atışları yapılmıştır. 150 ve 200 çarpma açıları ile beton tabandan sektiken sonra, deforme olan mermi çekirdekleri 21 ve 37 cm aras

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Adli Tıp Uzmanları Derneği ATUD

1996-10-01

�ngiltere'da 10-15 Kasım 1996 da düzenlendi. Toplantıya 2500 kişi katıldı. Bu dünya toplantısının katılımcıları arasında Avrupa Parlamentosu parlamenterleri, çeşitli ülkelerin kadınla ilgili bakanları, sosyal bilimler, tıp bilimleri ve değişik bilim alanlarının akademisyenleri, Meslek kuruluşları ve sivil toplum örgütü temsilcileri, Dünya Sağlık Teşkilatı, Birleşmiş Milletler ve yan Kuruluşlarının temsilcileri vardı. Toplantının her günü farklı bir konu tartışıldı. Her sabah o gün tartışılacak konu ile ilgili ana temaların yer aldığı kısa konferanslar verildi. O günkü başlığın çeşitli yönleri öğleden sonra paralel Workshoplarda irdelendi. Bu gruplar çalışma sonunda eylem ve yaşama geçirme planları oluşturdular. Akşamları da o günün toplam değerlendirilmesi yapıldı. Kongrenin birinci ve ikinci günleri ( Rape, Sexual Assault, Sexual Harassment and Domestic Violence Irza Geçme, Cinsel Saldırı, Cinsel Taciz; Ev içi Şiddet ana başlığı; Uluslararası insan hakları, Medeni hukuk ve Ceza Hukuku yönü, Özürlülük ve Kadına karşı şiddet, Göç ve asimilasyon, devletlerin kadınla ilgili hizmetlerinin geliştirilmesi, kadına yönelik şiddete karşı direnme ve etkileri, Yasa ve yönetmeliklere kadın çalışma gruplarının etikleri, ev içi şiddet ve ırza geçme konularındaki profesyonel ve mağdur olarak deneyimler, iş yerinde cinsel taciz alt başlıklarında incelendi. Eylem planları hazırlandı. Üçüncü gün Kadına zarar veren kültürel uygulamalar ana başlığı; toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri, ekonomi, kadın ve savaş, erkeklerin kadınları yasalarla kontrolü, kadın sünneti. Evlilik ilişkileri, Medyanın kadına yaklaşımı, genetik ve üreme teknolojisi, kürtaj hakkı, nüklear silahlar ve etkileri,kadına yönelik devlet istismarları, radikal dinci akımlar, alt başlıklarında incelendi ve eylem planları tartışıldı. Dördüncü gün çocuk ve kad

Dergilerden Özetler

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Ümit Ünüvar Atılmış

2002-08-01

�MLİĞİ Dentistry in ancient mesopotamia. Neihurger EJ. J Mass Dent Soc. 2000; 49(2:16-9 Antik mezopotamyada (bu günkü güney Irak modern uygarlığımızın kökeni ve İbrahim peygamberin vatanı olarak bilinene sümer imparatorluğu mecvcuttu. antik Ur ve Kish şehirlerinden elde edilen insan iskeleti kalıntılarrı (MÖ 2000 yılına ait üzerinde yapılan analizler göstermiştir ki genetik olatrak homojen hastalıklı ve kısa yaşam süreleri olan bnir halk topluluğu bu bölgede yaşamıştır, bu antik mezopotamyalıların % 95 in dişlerinin yıpranma olduğu, % 42 sinin periodental hastalıklara sahip olduğu, % 2 sinde diş çürüğü olduğu görülmüştür. Ağız boşluğunda pek çok konjenital ve neoplastik lezyonlar belirlenmiştir, fakat bu çağlarda o devrin diş hekimleri günümüz diş tedavi teknikleri hakkında pek az şey biliyordu, iskelet ve diş kalıntıları kamtlamaktadoır ji tüm toplum kronik malnüt-risyondan muzdaripti. bu malnitrüsyon büyük ihtimalle kıtlıktan kaynaklanıyordu, bu kıtlık hem tarihi kayıtrlar-da hem İncilde, hem de iskelet ve adli odontolokik inceleme sonuçları ile kanıtlanmıştır, bu insanların dişleri modern insanınki ile aynı ancak karşılaştırınca diş sağlıkları çok kötü idi. bu popülasyonda maloklüzyon, çürük ve TMJ problemlerinin olmaması flat planeden dolayıydı. (The population's lack of malocclusions, caries, and TMJ problems appear to be due to flat plane occlusion. FORENSIC PATOLOJİ UYGULAMASINDA SEREBRAL AMlLOlD ANJİOPATÎNİN TANISAL İLİŞKÎSÎ. ÎKİ OLGU SUNUMU VE LÎTERATÜR TARAMASI. The diagnostic relevance of cerebral amyloid angiopathy in the setting of forensic pathology - a report of two cases and review of the literature. B/ittner A, Weis S, Mall G, Gall C, Eisenmenger W. Leg Med (Tokyo. 2001;3(3:141-8. Serebral amiloid anjiopatili iki vakada nöropatolojik özellikler gösterildi. Evinde koma halinde bulunan 85 yaşındaki bir kadın, hastaneye g