Gauss decomposition, Wakimoto realisation and gauged WZNW models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arfaei, H.; Mohammedi, N.

1993-10-01

The implications of gauging the Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten (WZNW) model using the Gauss decomposition of the group elements are explored. We show that, contrary to standard gauging of WZNW models, this gauging is carried out by minimally coupling the gauge fields. We find that this gauging, in the case of gauging an abelian vector subgroup, differs from the standard one by terms proportional to the field strength of the gauge fields. We prove that gauging an abelian vector subgroup does not have a nonlinear sigma model interpretation. This is because the target-space metric resulting from the integration over the gauge fields is degenerate. We demonstrate, however, that this kind of gauging has a natural interpretation in terms of Wakimoto variables. (orig.)

The Wess-Zumino lagrangian and colored techni-pseudo-Goldstone bosons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McKay, D.W.; Young Binglin; Iowa State Univ. of Science and Technology, Ames

1986-01-01

The construction of the Wess-Zumino type effective action is discussed for color octet techni-pion and techni-eta fields interacting with the light gauge bosons - gluon, photon, Wsup(+-) and Z. The explicit effective lagrangian for the one-pseudoscalar meson sector is displayed. GAMMA(eta->GWW), GAMMA(eta->GGγ) and GAMMA(eta->GGZ) are compared to GAMMA(eta->GZ) to illustrate the predictive content of the lagrangian. (orig.)

Axial weak currents in the Wess-Zumino term

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fujikawa, Kazuo

1986-01-01

In a simplified model lagrangian of 3 quarks with an SU(2)sub(L) gauging of chiral SU(3)sub(L)xSU(3)sub(R) to introduce W-boson, we analyse certain complications associated with the low-energy theorem including axial weak fields. We first show that the low-energy amplitude is independent of the form of the quark-level anomalous identity, whether in the covariant form or the consistent form. However, the interplay of the short-distance dynamics (anomalous identity) and the long-distance dynamics (low-energy theorem) becomes involved in the presence of axial fields. We then discuss what kinds of conditions single out the gauged Wess-Zumino term as a low-energy effective action. The connection of the low-energy theorem with the 't Hooft anomaly matching condition is also discussed. (orig.)

N = 2 two dimensional Wess-Zumino model on the lattice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Elitzur, S.; Schwimmer, A.

1983-04-01

A lattice version of the N = 2 SUSY two dimensional Wess-Zumino model was constructed and studied. The correct continuum limit is checked in perturbation theory. The strong coupling limit is defined and investigated. We find that the ground state of the model has zero energy and infinite degeneracy. The connection between this degeneracy and the properties of the Nicolai-Parisi-Sourlas transformation is discussed. (author)

Two-loop calculation of the effective potential for the Wess-Zumino model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fogleman, G.; Starkmann, G.D.; Viswanathan, K.S.; Simon Fraser Univ., Burnaby, British Columbia

1983-01-01

The effective potential for the supersymmetric Wess-Zumino model is computed off-shell to two loops. A renormalization procedure which preserves positivity of the kinetic terms in the effective action is implemented. Supersymmetry is not broken to this order. (orig.)

Renormalizability of N = 1/2 Wess-Zumino model in superspace

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Romagnoni, Alberto

2003-01-01

In this letter we use the spurion field approach adopted in [6] in order to show that by adding F and F 2 terms to the original lagrangian, the N 1/2 Wess-Zumino model is renormalizable to all orders in perturbation theory. We reformulate in superspace language the proof given in the recent work [7] in terms of component fields. (author)

The electron-monopole interaction as a Wess-Zumino term

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blagojevic, M.; Jengo, R.

1985-10-01

We show that the quantum field theory of electric and magnetic charges follows a renormalization pattern which closely parallels that of the two-dimensional non-linear sigma model with the Wess-Zumino term. (author)

Two-loop effective potential for Wess-Zumino model using superfields

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Santos, R.P. dos; Srivastava, P.P.

1989-01-01

For the case of several interacting chiral superfields the propagators for the unconstrained superfield potentials in the 'shifted' theory, where the supersymmetry is explicity broken, are derived in a compact form. They are used to compute the one-loop effective potential in the general case, while a superfield calculation of the renormalized effective potential to two loops for the Wess-Zumino models is performed. (authors) [pt

Four-loop beta function in the Wess-Zumino model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Avdeev, L.V.; Gorishny, S.G.

1982-01-01

A method for calculating momentum integrals, proposed by Chetyrkin and Tkachov, is applied to the foUr-loop calculations of the ν-function in the Wess-Zumino model. The main advantage of the used method is the existence of a relatively simple calculational algorithm that allows one to write an effective computer program on the system of analytical evaluations SCHOONSCHIP. Any three-loop integral with one external momentum can be computed by this program. The four-loop calculation in the WZ model is one of the first and simplest applications of the program

Bardeen-anomaly and Wess-Zumino term in the supersymmetric standard model

CERN Document Server

Ferrara, Sergio; Porrati, Massimo; Stora, Raymond Félix

1994-01-01

We construct the Bardeen anomaly and its related Wess-Zumino term in the supersymmetric standard model. In particular we show that it can be written in terms of a composite linear superfield related to supersymmetrized Chern-Simons forms, in very much the same way as the Green-Schwarz term in four-dimensional string theory. Some physical applications, such as the contribution to the g-2 of gauginos when a heavy top is integrated out, are briefly discussed.

Wess-Zumino model as linear σ-model of spontaneously broken conformal and OSp (1,4)-supersymmetries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ivanov, E.A.

1979-01-01

The massless Wess-Zumino model is shown to exhibit the spontaneous breaking of global conformal and orthosymplectic supersymmetries on account of the Fubini-type classical solutions to the equations of motion. The group structure of spontaneously broken phase is studied and its particle spectrum is analyzed. The little group of the ground state is found to be the graded subgroup OSp(1,4) of the conformal supergroup. The symmetry with respect to another OSp(1,4) subgroup (OSp(1,4))Ois broken to (2,3)-symmetry with emergence of massive Goldstone fermion. The superfield Weyl transformation is defined and with its help the model action is rewritten in terms of superspace OSp(1,4)/O(1,3), spinorial extension of anti de Sitter space. In such a representation the spontaneously broken phase admits the standard σ-model interpretation. We also construct the OSp(1,4)-analog of the massive Wess-Zumino model and examine its vacuum structure. An effect of the spontaneous breaking of P- and CP-parities with the strength related to anti de Sitter radius is found

Gauge-theoretic invariants for topological insulators: a bridge between Berry, Wess-Zumino, and Fu-Kane-Mele

Science.gov (United States)

Monaco, Domenico; Tauber, Clément

2017-07-01

We establish a connection between two recently proposed approaches to the understanding of the geometric origin of the Fu-Kane-Mele invariant FKM\\in Z_2, arising in the context of two-dimensional time-reversal symmetric topological insulators. On the one hand, the Z_2 invariant can be formulated in terms of the Berry connection and the Berry curvature of the Bloch bundle of occupied states over the Brillouin torus. On the other, using techniques from the theory of bundle gerbes, it is possible to provide an expression for FKM containing the square root of the Wess-Zumino amplitude for a certain U( N)-valued field over the Brillouin torus. We link the two formulas by showing directly the equality between the above-mentioned Wess-Zumino amplitude and the Berry phase, as well as between their square roots. An essential tool of independent interest is an equivariant version of the adjoint Polyakov-Wiegmann formula for fields T^2 → U(N), of which we provide a proof employing only basic homotopy theory and circumventing the language of bundle gerbes.

A new class of superconformal sigma models with the Wess-Zumino action

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ivanov, E.A.; Krivonos, S.O.

1987-01-01

Nonlinear sigma models are constructed for infinite-dimensional N-extended D=2 superconformal symmetries (of the type (N,N)). These are classically integrable and naturally incorporate conformally invariant bosonic Wess-Zumino sigma model defined on the supersymmetry automorphism group SO - (N)xSO + (N). A finite set of basic Nambu-Goldstone superfields is singled out by imposing infinitely many covariant constraints on the relevant Cartan 1-forms. The resulting superfield equations of motion and off-shell irreducibility conditions have a universal for any N. The N3 and N=4 models are examined in detail

E7 type modular invariant Wess-Zumino theory and Gepner's string compactification

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kato, Akishi; Kitazawa, Yoshihisa

1989-01-01

The report addresses the development of a general procedure to study the structure of operator algebra in off-diagonal modular invariant theories. An effort is made to carry out this procedure in E 7 type modular invariant Wess-Zumino-Witten theory and explicitly check the closure of operator product algebra, which is required for any consistent conformal field theory. The conformal field theory is utilized to construct perturbative vacuum in string theory. Apparently quite nontrivial vacuums can be constructed out of minimal models of the N = 2 superconformal theory. Here, an investigation made of the Yukawa couplings of such a model which uses E 7 type off-diagonal modular invariance. Phenomenological properties of this model is also discussed. Although off-diagonal modular invariant theories are rather special, realistic models seem to require very special manifolds. Therefore they may enhance the viability of string theory to describe real world. A study is also made on Verlinde's fusion algebra in E 7 modular invariant theory. It is determined in the holomorphic sector only. Furthermore the indicator is given by the modular transformation matrix. A pair of operators which operate on the characters play a crucial role in this theory. (Nogami, K.)

Classical dynamical variables for the Wess-Zumino matter Lagrangian

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Domenech, G.; Buenos Aires Univ. Nacional; Levinas, M.; Buenos Aires Univ. Nacional; Umerez, N.

1989-01-01

We study the macroscopic behaviour of the Wess-Zumino matter multiplet. The Lagrangian and the energy-momentum tensor are obtained in terms of densities and velocities of an interacting fluid in N=1 supergravity background. Equations of motion and conditions for consistency are found. (orig.)

A Dirac-Kaehler approach to the two dimensional Wess-Zumino N=2 model on the lattice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zimerman, A.H.; Aratyn, H.

1983-08-01

We introduce a Dirac-Kaehler model for the two dimensional Wess-Zumino N=2 Lagrangean. We can show that in the model, when we go to the euclidean space-time lattive, we have no energy doubling, the action has no lattice surface terms (contrary to other authors), while the Hamiltonians (when time is continuous) present lattice surface terms. (orig.)

Dispersion relations in the noncommutative φ3 and Wess-Zumino model in the Yang-Feldman formalism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Doescher, C.; Zahn, J.

2006-05-01

We study dispersion relations in the noncommutative φ 3 and Wess-Zumino model in the Yang-Feldman formalism at one-loop order. Non-planar graphs lead to a distortion of the dispersion relation. We find that this effect is small if the scale of noncommutativity is identified with the Planck scale and parameters typical for a Higgs field are employed. (Orig.)

Global Gauge Anomalies in Two-Dimensional Bosonic Sigma Models

Science.gov (United States)

Gawȩdzki, Krzysztof; Suszek, Rafał R.; Waldorf, Konrad

2011-03-01

We revisit the gauging of rigid symmetries in two-dimensional bosonic sigma models with a Wess-Zumino term in the action. Such a term is related to a background closed 3-form H on the target space. More exactly, the sigma-model Feynman amplitudes of classical fields are associated to a bundle gerbe with connection of curvature H over the target space. Under conditions that were unraveled more than twenty years ago, the classical amplitudes may be coupled to the topologically trivial gauge fields of the symmetry group in a way which assures infinitesimal gauge invariance. We show that the resulting gauged Wess-Zumino amplitudes may, nevertheless, exhibit global gauge anomalies that we fully classify. The general results are illustrated on the example of the WZW and the coset models of conformal field theory. The latter are shown to be inconsistent in the presence of global anomalies. We introduce a notion of equivariant gerbes that allow an anomaly-free coupling of the Wess-Zumino amplitudes to all gauge fields, including the ones in non-trivial principal bundles. Obstructions to the existence of equivariant gerbes and their classification are discussed. The choice of different equivariant structures on the same bundle gerbe gives rise to a new type of discrete-torsion ambiguities in the gauged amplitudes. An explicit construction of gerbes equivariant with respect to the adjoint symmetries over compact simply connected simple Lie groups is given.

Green-Schwarz superstring as an asymmetric chiral field sigma model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Isaev, A.P.; Ivanov, E.A.

1988-01-01

A new class of two-dimensional σ-models of the Wess-Zumino-Witten type is constructed. The target manifold of these models is coset space GxG/G - , where supergroup G is obtained by contraction from an arbitrary semisimple Lie supergroup and G - is some abelian supergroup of translations in GxG. It is shown that the equations of motion following from the Wess-Zumino-Witten type action of these models admit a zero-curvature representation. 16 refs

Wess-Zumino term for the AdS superstring and generalized Inoenue-Wigner contraction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hatsuda, Machiko; Sakaguchi, Makoto

2003-01-01

We examine a Wess-Zumino term, written in a form of bilinear in superinvariant currents, for a superstring in anti-de Sitter (AdS) space, and derive a procedure for obtaining the correct flat limit. The standard Inoenue-Wigner contraction does not give the correct flat limit but, rather, gives zero. This erroneous result originates from the fact that the fermionic metric of the super-Poincare group is degenerate. We propose a generalization of the Inoenue-Wigner contraction from which a 'nondegenerate' super-Poincare group is derived from the super-AdS group. For this reason, this contraction gives the correct flat limit of this Wess-Zumino term. We also discuss the M-algebra obtained using this generalized Inoenue-Wigner contraction from osp(1|32). (author)

Lectures on 2d gauge theories. Topological aspects and path integral techniques

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blau, M.; Thompson, G.

1993-10-01

In these lectures are discussed two classes of two-dimensional field theories which are not obviously topological, but which nevertheless exhibit an intriguing equivalence with certain topological theories. These classes are two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory and the so-called G/G gauged Wess-Zumino-Witten model. The aim is to exhibit and extract the topological information contained in these theories and to present a technique which allows to calculate directly their partition functions and topological correlation functions on arbitrary closed surfaces. 34 refs

Superselection sectors of SO(N) Wess-Zumino-Witten models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boeckenhauer, J.

1996-06-01

The superselection structure of so(N) WZW models is investigated form the point of view of algebraic quantum field theory. At level 1 it turns out that the observable algebras of the WZW theory can be constructed in terms of even CAR algebras. This fact allows to give a formulation of these models close to the DHR framework. Localized endomorphisms are constructed explicitly in terms of Bogoliubov transformations, and the WZW fusion rules are proven using the DHR sector product. At level 2 it is shown that most of the sectors are realized in H NS =H NS x H NS where H NS is the Neveu-Schwarz sector of the level 1 theory. The level 2 charcters are derived and H NS is decomposed completely into tensor products of the sectors of the WZW chiral algebra and irreducible representation spaces of the coset Virasoro algebra. Crucial for this analysis is the DHR decomposition of H NS into sectors of a gauge invariant fermion algebra since the WZW chiral algebra as well as the coset Virasoro algebra are invariant under the gauge group O(2). (orig.)

Wess-Zumino and super Yang-Mills theories in D=4 integral superspace

Science.gov (United States)

Castellani, L.; Catenacci, R.; Grassi, P. A.

2018-05-01

We reconstruct the action of N = 1 , D = 4 Wess-Zumino and N = 1 , 2 , D = 4 super-Yang-Mills theories, using integral top forms on the supermanifold M^{(.4|4)} . Choosing different Picture Changing Operators, we show the equivalence of their rheonomic and superspace actions. The corresponding supergeometry and integration theory are discussed in detail. This formalism is an efficient tool for building supersymmetric models in a geometrical framework.

Chiral effective potential in N = {1/2} non-commutative Wess-Zumino model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Banin, A.T.; Buchbinder, I.L.; Pletnev, N.G.

2004-01-01

We study a structure of holomorphic quantum contributions to the effective action for N = {1/2} noncommutative Wess-Zumino model. Using the symbol operator techniques we present the one-loop chiral effective potential in a form of integral over proper time of the appropriate heat kernel. We prove that this kernel can be exactly found. As a result we obtain the exact integral representation of the one-loop effective potential. Also we study the expansion of the effective potential in a series in powers of the chiral superfield φ and derivative D 2 φ and construct a procedure for systematic calculation of the coefficients in the series. We show that all terms in the series without derivatives can be summed up in an explicit form. (author)

Hamiltonian Monte Carlo study of the N=1 Wess-Zumino model on the lattice in 1+1 dimensions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schiller, A.

1984-01-01

1+1 dimensional models with restricted supersymmetry are studied. The problems of formulating supersymmetric models on the lattice are overcome by working in the Hamiltonian lattice formulation and using restricted supersymmetry algebra involving only the Hamiltonian. For the two-dimensional Wess-Zumino model a lattice Hamiltonian suitable for the local Hamiltonian method is obtained. Using this method field theoretical models with fermions and scalar Higgs fields are investigated. Emphasis is laid on supersymmetry breaking and soliton formation

Non-abelian bosonization without Wess-Zumino terms. Pt. 1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rajeev, S.G.

1989-01-01

It is conjectured that the non-linear sigma-model without Wess-Zumino terms is equivalent as a quantum theory to the non-abelian massless Thirring model. However, the standard (Sugawara) current algebra of the non-linear model is not isomorphic to that of the fermionic theory. A new current algebra formalism is proposed, which depends on a parameter k. As k → ∞ it reduces to the Sugawara formalism. The new current algebra is isomorphic to the fermionic one, being the direct sum of two Kac-Moody algebras with opposite central terms. In the quantum theory, k (which is the level number) has to be an integer. The new formalism is shown to preserve Poincare and conformal invariance classically. The new current algebra is derived canonically and a new action principle for the non-linear model is proposed. (orig.)

Chiral symmetry breaking in asymptotically free and non-asymptotically free gauge theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gusynin, V.P.; Miranskij, V.A.

1986-01-01

An essential distinction in the realization of the PCAC-dynamics in vector-like asymptotically free and non-asymptotically free (with a non-trival ultraviolet stable fixed point) gauge theories is revealed. For the latter theories an analytical expression for the condensate is obtained in the two-loop approximation and the arguments in support of a soft behaviour at small distances of composite operators are given. The problem of factorizing the low-energy region for the Wess-Zumino-Witten action is discussed

Exact lattice supersymmetry: The two-dimensional N=2 Wess-Zumino model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Catterall, Simon; Karamov, Sergey

2002-01-01

We study the two-dimensional Wess-Zumino model with extended N=2 supersymmetry on the lattice. The lattice prescription we choose has the merit of preserving exactly a single supersymmetric invariance at finite lattice spacing a. Furthermore, we construct three other transformations of the lattice fields under which the variation of the lattice action vanishes to O(ga 2 ) where g is a typical interaction coupling. These four transformations correspond to the two Majorana supercharges of the continuum theory. We also derive lattice Ward identities corresponding to these exact and approximate symmetries. We use dynamical fermion simulations to check the equality of the mass gaps in the boson and fermion sectors and to check the lattice Ward identities. At least for weak coupling we see no problems associated with a lack of reflection positivity in the lattice action and find good agreement with theory. At strong coupling we provide evidence that problems associated with a lack of reflection positivity are evaded for small enough lattice spacing

Wess-Zumino terms for AdS D-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hatsuda, Machiko; Kamimura, Kiyoshi

2004-01-01

We show that Wess-Zumino terms for Dp branes with p>0 in the anti-de Sitter (AdS) space are given in terms of 'left-invariant' currents on the super-AdS group or the 'expanded' super-AdS group. As a result there is no topological extension of the super-AdS algebra. In the flat limit the global Lorentz rotational charges of the AdS space turn out to be brane charges of the supertranslation algebra representing the BPS mass. We also show that a D-instanton is described by the GL(1) degree of freedom in the Roiban-Siegel formalism based on the GL(4 vertical bar 4)/[Sp(4)xGL(1)]2 coset

Generalized hidden symmetry for low-energy hadron phsics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaiser, N.; Meissner, U.G.

1990-01-01

We present a detailed study of an effective chiral meson lagrangian involving pseudoscalar, vector and axial-vector mesons. We employ the recently proposed technique to introduce vector and axial-vector mesons as composite gauge bosons of an extended hidden gauge symmetry of the non-linear σ-model. In particular, we write down the most general anomalous action (Wess-Zumino term) in accordance with low-energy theorems and chiral symmetry. The global flavor anomalies of QCD are given by the standard (5-dimensional) Wess-Zumino-Witten action of the pseudoscalar mesons, whereas all the processes violating natural parity for the vectors and axials are chirally (gauge) symmetric and therefore do not contribute to the Wess-Zumino anomaly equation. We find fourteen independent terms with a priori unknown (real) coefficients. We are able to fix some of these coefficients from anomalous hadronic and radiative vector/axial-vector meson decays. A comparison to the gauged Wess-Zumino action in the so-called massive Yang-Mills approach shows that both anomalous actions are indeed equivalent for a special choice of the unknown coefficients. We finally propose a realistic two-flavor chiral effective lagrangian incorporating pions, the vector mesons ρ and ω as well as the axial A 1 meson which should be used in skyrmion physics at energy scales up to about 1 GeV. (orig.)

A new gauge for supersymmetric abelian gauge theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smith, A.W.; Barcelos Neto, J.

1984-01-01

A new gauge for supersymmetric abelian gauge theories is presented. It is shown that this new gauge allows us to obtain terms which usually come as radiative corrections to the supersymmetric abelian gauge theories when one uses the Wess-Zumino gauge. (Author) [pt

Consistent momentum space regularization/renormalization of supersymmetric quantum field theories: the three-loop β-function for the Wess-Zumino model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carneiro, David; Sampaio, Marcos; Nemes, Maria Carolina; Scarpelli, Antonio Paulo Baeta

2003-01-01

We compute the three loop β function of the Wess-Zumino model to motivate implicit regularization (IR) as a consistent and practical momentum-space framework to study supersymmetric quantum field theories. In this framework which works essentially in the physical dimension of the theory we show that ultraviolet are clearly disentangled from infrared divergences. We obtain consistent results which motivate the method as a good choice to study supersymmetry anomalies in quantum field theories. (author)

A supersymmetric Wess-Zumino lagrangian in two dimensions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Di Vecchia, P.; Rossi, P.

1985-01-01

We construct a supersymmetric version of the Wess-Zumino action in two dimensions. For a special value of the coupling constant lambda 2 = 4π/n it turns out that this theory consists of the original WZ action plus free fermions in the adjoint representation. By bosonization such a theory should be equivalent to a theory of two sets of free fermions. We study in some detail how supersymmetry is realized in these two theories. We further develop the general formalism for studying any two-dimensional quantum theory that is superconformal and super-Kac-Moody invariant, the SWZ theory and the particular free Fermi theory being examples. We generalize and apply this formalism to prove the equivalence of SWZ to a free Fermi theory. (orig.)

Current algebra of WZNW models at and away from criticality

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abdalla, E.; Forger, M.

1992-01-01

In this paper, the authors derive the current algebra of principal chiral models with a Wess-Zumino term. At the critical coupling where the model becomes conformally invariant (Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten theory), this algebra reduces to two commuting Kac-Moody algebras, while in the limit where the coupling constant is taken to zero (ordinary chiral model), we recover the current algebra of that model. In this way, the latter is explicitly realized as a deformation of the former, with the coupling constant as the deformation parameter

Twisted supersymmetry in a deformed Wess-Zumino model in (2+1) dimensions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Palechor, C.; Ferrari, A.F.; Quinto, A.G. [Universidade Federal do ABC - UFABC,Avenida dos Estados 5001, 0910-580, Santo André, SP (Brazil)

2017-01-12

Non-anticommutative deformations have been studied in the context of supersymmetry (SUSY) in three and four space-time dimensions, and the general picture is that highly nontrivial to deform supersymmetry in a way that still preserves some of its important properties, both at the formal algebraic level (e.g., preserving the associativity of the deformed theory) as well as at the physical level (e.g., maintaining renormalizability). The Hopf algebra formalism allows the definition of algebraically consistent deformations of SUSY, but this algebraic consistency does not guarantee that physical models build upon these structures will be consistent from the physical point of view. We will investigate a deformation induced by a Drinfel’d twist of the N=1 SUSY algebra in three space-time dimensions. The use of the Hopf algebra formalism allows the construction of deformed N=1 SUSY algebras that should still preserve a deformed version of supersymmetry. We will construct the simplest deformed version of the Wess-Zumino model in this context, but we will show that despite the consistent algebraic structure, the model in question is not invariant under SUSY transformation and is not renormalizable. We will comment on the relation of these results with previous ones discussed in the literature regarding similar four-dimensional constructions.

Effective action for composite operators and chiral symmetry breakdown in asymptotically free and non-asymptotically free gauge theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gusynin, V.P.; Miranskij, V.A.

1987-01-01

An essential distinction in the relaization of the PCAC dynamics in asymptotically free and non-asymptotically free (with a non-trivial ultraviolet-stable fixed point) gauge theories is revealed. For the latter theories an analytical expressions for the condensate is obtained in the two-loop approximation and arguments of support of a soft behaviour at small distances of composite operators are given. The problem of factorizing the low-energy region for the Wess-Zumino-Witten action is discussed. Besides, the mass relations for pseudoscalar mesons in arbitrary Θ-sector are obtained in the first order in fermion bare masses and the impossibility for spontaneous P and CP-symmetries breaking in vector-like gauge theories at Θ=0 is shown

Gauge choice in Witten's energy expression

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Parker, T.H.

1985-01-01

Witten's equation Dpsi=0 can be interpreted as a gauge fixing condition for classical supergravity. We rigorously prove the existence of asymptotically constant solutions of the more general gauge condition Dpsi=Apsi for almost all endomorphisms A of the spin bundle. Each gives an expression for the gravitational energy similar to Witten's. These include the choice A=√R, which yields the particularly elegant energy expression first noticed by Deser. (orig.)

Comments on complete actions for open superstring field theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matsunaga, Hiroaki

2016-01-01

We clarify a Wess-Zumino-Witten-like structure including Ramond fields and propose one systematic way to construct gauge invariant actions: Wess-Zumino-Witten-like complete action S_W_Z_W. We show that Kunitomo-Okawa’s action proposed in http://arxiv.org/abs/1508.00366 can obtain a topological parameter dependence of Ramond fields and belongs to our WZW-like framework. In this framework, once a WZW-like functional A_η=A_η[Ψ] of a dynamical string field Ψ is constructed, we obtain one realization of S_W_Z_W[Ψ] parametrized by Ψ. On the basis of this way, we construct an action S̃ whose on-shell condition is equivalent to the Ramond equations of motion proposed in http://arxiv.org/abs/1506.05774. Using these results, we provide the equivalence of two theories: http://arxiv.org/abs/1508.00366 and http://arxiv.org/abs/1506.05774.

The four point correlations of all primary operators of the d=2 conformally invariant SU(2) sigma-model with Wess-Zumino term

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Christe, P.; Flume, R.

1986-05-01

We derive a contour integral representation for the four point correlations of all primary operators in the conformally invariant two-dimensional SU(2) sigma-model with Wess-Zumino term. The four point functions are identical in structure with those found in some special degenerate operator algebras with central Virasoro charge smaller than one. Using methods of Dotsenko and Fateev we evaluate for irrational values of the central SU(2) Kac-Moody charge the expansion coefficients of the algebra of Lorentz scalar operators. The conformal bootstrap provides in this case a unique determination. All SU(2) representations are non-trivially realised in the operator algebra. (orig.)

The investigation of 1+1 dimensional lattice gauge theories with fermions, gauge bosons and scalar using Hamiltonian Monte-Carlo methods

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ranft, J.

1984-01-01

Hamiltonian lattice models with fermions, gauge bosons and scalar fields are studied in 1+1 dimensions using the local Hamiltonian Monte-Carlo method. Results are presented for the massive Schwinger model with one and two flavors, for a model with interacting Higgs fields, fermions and gauge bosons, where fractionally charged solitons are found as free states of the lattice model, and for Wess-Zumino type models with restricted lattice supersymmetry, where examples for spontaneous breaking of supersymmetry are found

Kaehler-Chern-Simons theory and symmetries of anti-self-dual gauge fields

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nair, V.P.; Schiff, J.

1992-01-01

Kaehler-Chern-Simons theory, which was proposed as a generalization of ordinary Chern-Simons theory, is explored in more detail. The theory describes anti-self-dual instantons on a four-dimensional Kaehler manifold. The phase space is the space of gauge potentials, whose symplectic reduction by the constraints of anti-self-duality leads to the moduli space of instantons. We show that infinitesimal Baecklund transformations, previously related to 'hidden symmetries' of instantons, are canonical transformations generated by the anti-self-duality constraints. The quantum wave functions naturally lead to a generalized Wess-Zumino-Witten action, which in turn has associated chiral current algebras. The dimensional reduction of the anti-self-duality equations leading to integrable two-dimensional theories is briefly discussed in this framework. (orig.)

Super-BMS{sub 3} invariant boundary theory from three-dimensional flat supergravity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barnich, Glenn; Donnay, Laura [Physique Théorique et Mathématique, Université Libre de Bruxelles andInternational Solvay Institutes,Campus Plaine C.P. 231, B-1050 Bruxelles (Belgium); Matulich, Javier; Troncoso, Ricardo [Centro de Estudios Científicos (CECs),Casilla 1469, Valdivia (Chile)

2017-01-09

The two-dimensional super-BMS{sub 3} invariant theory dual to three-dimensional asymptotically flat N=1 supergravity is constructed. It is described by a constrained or gauged chiral Wess-Zumino-Witten action based on the super-Poincaré algebra in the Hamiltonian, respectively the Lagrangian formulation, whose reduced phase space description corresponds to a supersymmetric extension of flat Liouville theory.

Bruno Zumino (1923 - 2014)

CERN Multimedia

2014-01-01

Bruno Zumino died in Berkeley, California, on 21* June, aged 91. His name is mainly associated with the formulation of supersymmetry in four-dimensional space–time.   Bruno Zumino in 1985. (Image credit: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.) Zumino graduated in physics at the University of Rome in 1945 and worked in Göttingen and then at New York University, where he became Chair of the Physics Department. In 1968, he joined the Theory Division at CERN, staying until 1981. It was here that he did his pioneering work with Julius Wess of Karlsruhe in which they formulated the first supersymmetric four-dimensional quantum field theory – the Wess–Zumino model – in 1974. Today supersymmetry is a strong candidate for physics beyond the Standard Model and provides some candidate particles for dark matter. In 1976, two years after its formulation, supersymmetry was combined with the gravitational force, giving birth to supergravity and stunning deve...

New gauge symmetries in Witten's Ramond string field theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kugo, Taichiro; Terao, Haruhiko

1988-01-01

Witten's Raymond string field theory is observed to possess new gauge symmetries, which guarantee the consistency and the equivalence of Witten's theory to the other formulation based on the constrained string field. The projection operator into the gauge-invariant sector is explicitly constructed using an operator similar to the picture changing operator. (orig.)

Witten index calculation in supersymmetric gauge theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smilga, A.V.

1984-01-01

Direct calculation of the Witten index Isub(W) in the SU(2) SUSY Yang-Mills theiory is performed using the periodic boundary conditions. Our result is Isub(W)--1 which disagrees with the Witten's result: Isub(W)=N for the SU(N) gauge group. The principle physical conclusion of SUSY unbreaking in this theory remains intact

Polyakov-Wiegmann formula and multiplicative gerbes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gawedzki, Krzysztof; Waldorf, Konrad

2009-01-01

An unambiguous definition of Feynman amplitudes in the Wess-Zumino-Witten sigma model and the Chern-Simon gauge theory with a general Lie group is determined by a certain geometric structure on the group. For the WZW amplitudes, this is a (bundle) gerbe with connection of an appropriate curvature whereas for the CS amplitudes, the gerbe has to be additionally equipped with a multiplicative structure assuring its compatibility with the group multiplication. We show that for simple compact Lie groups the obstruction to the existence of a multiplicative structure is provided by a 2-cocycle of phases that appears in the Polyakov-Wiegmann formula relating the Wess-Zumino action functional of the product of group-valued fields to the sum of the individual contributions. These phases were computed long time ago for all compact simple Lie groups. If they are trivial, then the multiplicative structure exists and is unique up to isomorphism.

Renormalization-group flows and charge transmutation in string theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Orlando, D.; Petropoulos, P.M.; Sfetsos, K.

2006-01-01

We analyze the behaviour of heterotic squashed-Wess-Zumino-Witten backgrounds under renormalization-group flow. The flows we consider are driven by perturbation creating extra gauge fluxes. We show how the conformal point acts as an attractor from both the target-space and world-sheet points of view. We also address the question of instabilities created by the presence of closed time-like curves in string backgrounds. (Abstract Copyright [2006], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Modular transformations of conformal blocks in WZW models on Riemann surfaces of higher genus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Miao Li; Ming Yu.

1989-05-01

We derive the modular transformations for conformal blocks in Wess-Zumino-Witten models on Riemann surfaces of higher genus. The basic ingredient consists of using the Chern-Simons theory developed by Witten. We find that the modular transformations generated by Dehn twists are linear combinations of Wilson line operators, which can be expressed in terms of braiding matrices. It can also be shown that modular transformation matrices for g > 0 Riemann surfaces depend only on those for g ≤ 3. (author). 13 refs, 15 figs

Background field method in gauge theories and on linear sigma models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

van de Ven, A.E.M.

1986-01-01

This dissertation constitutes a study of the ultraviolet behavior of gauge theories and two-dimensional nonlinear sigma-models by means of the background field method. After a general introduction in chapter 1, chapter 2 presents algorithms which generate the divergent terms in the effective action at one-loop for arbitrary quantum field theories in flat spacetime of dimension d ≤ 11. It is demonstrated that global N = 1 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in six dimensions in one-loop UV-finite. Chapter 3 presents an algorithm which produces the divergent terms in the effective action at two-loops for renormalizable quantum field theories in a curved four-dimensional background spacetime. Chapter 4 presents a study of the two-loop UV-behavior of two-dimensional bosonic and supersymmetric non-linear sigma-models which include a Wess-Zumino-Witten term. It is found that, to this order, supersymmetric models on quasi-Ricci flat spaces are UV-finite and the β-functions for the bosonic model depend only on torsionful curvatures. Chapter 5 summarizes a superspace calculation of the four-loop β-function for two-dimensional N = 1 and N = 2 supersymmetric non-linear sigma-models. It is found that besides the one-loop contribution which vanishes on Ricci-flat spaces, the β-function receives four-loop contributions which do not vanish in the Ricci-flat case. Implications for superstrings are discussed. Chapters 6 and 7 treat the details of these calculations

Critical behaviour of SU(n) quantum chains and topological non-linear σ-models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Affleck, I.; British Columbia Univ., Vancouver

1988-01-01

The critical behaviour of SU(n) quantum ''spin'' chains, Wess-Zumino-Witten σ-models and grassmanian σ-models at topological angle θ = π (of possible relevance to the quantum Hall effect) is reexamined. It is argued that an additional Z n symmetry is generally necessary to stabilize the massless phase. This symmetry is not present for the σ-models for n>2 and is only present for certain representations of ''spin'' chains. (orig.)

A resonance without resonance. Scrutinizing the diphoton excess at 750 GeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Jong Soo; Rolbiecki, Krzysztof; Ruiz de Austri, Roberto

2015-12-01

Motivated by the recent diphoton excesses reported by both ATLAS and CMS collaborations, we suggest that a new heavy spinless particle is produced in gluon fusion at the LHC and decays to a couple of lighter pseudoscalars which then decay to photons. The new resonances could arise from a new strongly interacting sector and couple to Standard Model gauge bosons only via the corresponding Wess-Zumino-Witten anomaly. We present a detailed recast of the newest 13 TeV data from ATLAS and CMS together with the 8 TeV data to scan the consistency of the parameter space for those resonances.

An algebraic formulation of level one Wess-Zumino-Witten models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boeckenhauer, J.

1995-07-01

The highest weight modules of the chiral algebra of orthogonal WZW models at level one possess a realization in fermionic representation spaces; the Kac-Moody and Virasoro generators are represented as unbounded limits of even CAR algebras. It is shown that the representation theory of the underlying even CAR algebras reproduces precisely the sectors of the chiral algebra. This fact allows to develop a theory of local von Neumann algebras on the punctured circle, fitting nicely in the Doplicher-Haag-Roberts framework. The relevant localized endomorphisms which generate the charged sectors are explicitly constructed by means of Bogoliubov transformations. Using CAR theory, the fusion rules in terms of sector equivalence classes are proven. (orig.)

Unitarity bounds for gauged axionic interactions and the Green-Schwarz mechanism

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Coriano, C. [Universita del Salento and INFN Sezione di Lecce, Dipartimento di Fisica, Lecce (Italy); University of Crete, Department of Physics and Institute of Plasma Physics, Heraklion (Greece); Guzzi, M.; Morelli, S. [Universita del Salento and INFN Sezione di Lecce, Dipartimento di Fisica, Lecce (Italy)

2008-06-15

We analyze the effective actions of anomalous models in which a four-dimensional version of the Green-Schwarz mechanism is invoked for the cancellation of the anomalies, and we compare it with those models in which gauge invariance is restored by the presence of a Wess-Zumino term. Some issues concerning an apparent violation of unitarity of the mechanism, which requires Dolgov-Zakharov poles, are carefully examined, using a class of amplitudes studied in the past by Bouchiat-Iliopoulos-Meyer (BIM), and elaborating on previous studies. In the Wess-Zumino case we determine explicitly the unitarity bound using a realistic model of intersecting branes (the Madrid model) by studying the corresponding BIM amplitudes. This is shown to depend significantly on the Stueckelberg mass and on the coupling of the extra anomalous gauge bosons and allows one to identify standard-model-like regions (which are anomaly-free) from regions where the growth of certain amplitudes is dominated by the anomaly, separated by an inflection point, which could be studied at the LHC. The bound can even be around 5-10 TeV for a Z' mass around 1 TeV and varies sensitively with the anomalous coupling. The results for the WZ case are quite general and apply to all the models in which an axion-like interaction is introduced as a generalization of the Peccei-Quinn mechanism, with a gauged axion. (orig.)

Gauged Hamiltonians for free particle on surfaces in configuration and phase spaces

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M Dehghani

2016-06-01

Full Text Available We present a method to gauge second class systems consisted of two constraints in the chain structure. In this method we added a momentum counterpart of Wess Zumino coordinate to primary constraint and used the first class condition to find a new and gauged Hamiltonian. Primary constraints were assumed as identities in configuration and phase space and we tried to find general Hamiltonians

A{sub ∞}/L{sub ∞} structure and alternative action for WZW-like superstring field theory

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goto, Keiyu [Institute of Physics, University of Tokyo,Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902 (Japan); Matsunaga, Hiroaki [Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,Na Slovance 2, Prague 8 (Czech Republic); Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University,Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan)

2017-01-09

We propose new gauge invariant actions for open NS, heterotic NS, and closed NS-NS superstring field theories. They are based on the large Hilbert space, and have Wess-Zumino-Witten-like expressions which are the ℤ{sub 2}-reversed versions of the conventional WZW-like actions. On the basis of the procedure proposed in https://arxiv.org/abs/1505.01659, we show that our new WZW-like actions are completely equivalent to A{sub ∞}/L{sub ∞} actions proposed in https://arxiv.org/abs/1403.0940 respectively.

Anomaly cancellation condition in abelian lattice gauge theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Suzuki, Hiroshi

1999-11-01

We analyze the general solution of the Wess-Zumino consistency condition in abelian lattice gauge theories, without taking the classical continuum limit. We find that, if the anomaly density is a local pseudo-scalar field on the lattice, the non-trivial anomaly is always proportional to the anomaly coefficient in the continuum theory. The possible extension of this result to non-abelian theories is briefly discussed. (author)

Chiral Thirring–Wess model with Faddeevian regularization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rahaman, Anisur

2015-01-01

Replacing vector type of interaction of the Thirring–Wess model by the chiral type a new model is presented which is termed here as chiral Thirring–Wess model. Ambiguity parameters of regularization are so chosen that the model falls into the Faddeevian class. The resulting Faddeevian class of model in general does not possess Lorentz invariance. However we can exploit the arbitrariness admissible in the ambiguity parameters to relate the quantum mechanically generated ambiguity parameters with the classical parameter involved in the masslike term of the gauge field which helps to maintain physical Lorentz invariance instead of the absence of manifestly Lorentz covariance of the model. The phase space structure and the theoretical spectrum of this class of model have been determined through Dirac’s method of quantization of constraint system

Generalized Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation for Ding-Iohara-Miki algebra

Science.gov (United States)

Awata, Hidetoshi; Kanno, Hiroaki; Mironov, Andrei; Morozov, Alexei; Morozov, Andrey; Ohkubo, Yusuke; Zenkevich, Yegor

2017-07-01

We derive the generalization of the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation (KZE) associated with the Ding-Iohara-Miki algebra Uq ,t(gl^ ^ 1) . We demonstrate that certain refined topological string amplitudes satisfy these equations and find that the braiding transformations are performed by the R matrix of Uq ,t(gl^ ^ 1) . The resulting system is the uplifting of the u^1 Wess-Zumino-Witten model. The solutions to the (q ,t ) KZE are identified with the (spectral dual of) building blocks of the Nekrasov partition function for five-dimensional linear quiver gauge theories. We also construct an elliptic version of the KZE and discuss its modular and monodromy properties, the latter being related to a dual version of the KZE.

Induced WZW-type term in dual field theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nielsen, N.K.

1990-01-01

One-loop quantum equivalence is investigated by proper time regularization for a nonlinear σ-model in two dimensions on a group manifold and its dual theory constructed by Fradkin and Tseytlin. The one-loop effective actions are found to deviate by a finite local counterterm with a structure similar to that of a Wess-Zumino-Witten term

Grassmannian topological Kazama-Suzuki models and cohomology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blau, M.; Hussain, F.; Thompson, G.

1995-10-01

We investigate in detail the topological gauged Wess-Zumino-Witten models describing topological Kazama-Suzuki models based on complex Grassmannians. We show that there is a topological sector in which the ring of observables (constructed from the Grassmann odd scalars of the theory) coincides with the classical cohomology ring of the Grassmanian for all values of the level k. We also analyze the general ring structure of bosonic correlation functions, uncovering a whole hierarchy of level-rank relations (including the standard level-rank duality) among models based on different Grassmannians. Using the previously established localization of the topological Kazama-Suzuki model to an Abelian topological field theory, we reduce the correlators to finite-dimensional purely algebraic expressions. As an application, these are evaluated explicitly for the CP(2) model at level k and shown for all k to coincide with the cohomological intersection numbers of the two-plane Grassmannian G(2,K + 2), thus realizing the level-rank duality between this model and the G(2, k + 2) model at level one. (author). 28 refs

Universe as a topological defect

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anabalon, Andres; Willison, Steven; Zanelli, Jorge

2008-01-01

Four-dimensional Einstein's general relativity is shown to arise from a gauge theory for the conformal group, SO(4,2). The theory is constructed from a topological dimensional reduction of the six-dimensional Euler density integrated over a manifold with a four-dimensional topological defect. The resulting action is a four-dimensional theory defined by a gauged Wess-Zumino-Witten term. An ansatz is found which reduces the full set of field equations to those of Einstein's general relativity. When the same ansatz is replaced in the action, the gauged WZW term reduces to the Einstein-Hilbert action. Furthermore, the unique coupling constant in the action can be shown to take integer values if the fields are allowed to be analytically continued to complex values

Superspace parafermions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Candu, Constantin; Schomerus, Volker

2011-04-01

We describe several families of non-unitary coset conformal field theories that possess truly marginal couplings. These generalize the known examples of Wess-Zumino-Witten models on supergroups such as PSU(n vertical stroke n) or OSP(2n+2 vertical stroke 2n). Our extension includes coset space sigma models, affine Toda theories or Gross-Neveu models which are believed to arise in certain limits. (orig.)

Superspace parafermions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Candu, Constantin; Schomerus, Volker

2011-04-15

We describe several families of non-unitary coset conformal field theories that possess truly marginal couplings. These generalize the known examples of Wess-Zumino-Witten models on supergroups such as PSU(n vertical stroke n) or OSP(2n+2 vertical stroke 2n). Our extension includes coset space sigma models, affine Toda theories or Gross-Neveu models which are believed to arise in certain limits. (orig.)

Axions and anomaly-mediated interactions: the Green-Schwarz and Wess-Zumino vertices at higher orders and g-2 of the muon

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Armillis, Roberta; Coriano, Claudio; Guzzi, Marco; Morelli, Simone

2008-01-01

We present a study of the mechanism of anomaly cancellation using only transverse invariant amplitudes on anomaly diagrams at higher perturbative orders. The method is the realization of the Green-Schwarz (GS) mechanism at field theory level, which restores the Ward identities by a subtraction of the anomaly pole. Some of the properties of the GS vertex are analyzed both in the context of unitarity and of the organization of the related perturbative expansion. We investigate the role played by the GS and the Wess-Zumino vertices in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon and in the hyperfine splitting of muonium, which are processes that can be accompanied by the exchange of a virtual anomalous extra Z prime and an axion-like particle.

Structure of gauge and gravitational anomalies*

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alvarez-Gaume, L.; Ginsparg, P.

1985-01-01

It is shown how the form of the gauge and gravitational anomalies in quantum field theories may be derived from classical index theorems. The gravitational anomaly in both Einstein and Lorentz form is considered and their equivalence is exhibited. The formalism of gauge and gravitational theories is reviewed using the language of differential geometry, and notions from the theory of characteristic classes necessary for understanding the classical index theorems are introduced. The treatment of known topological results includes a pedagogical derivation of the Wess-Zumino effective Lagrangian in abitrary even dimension. The relation between various forms of the anomaly present in the literature is also clarified

Non(anti)commutative N = (1,1/2) supersymmetric U(1) gauge theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Araki, Takeo; Ito, Katsushi; Ohtsuka, Akihisa

2005-01-01

We study a reduction of deformation parameters in non(anti)commutative N = 2 harmonic superspace to those in non(anti)commutative N = 1 superspace. By this reduction we obtain the exact gauge and supersymmetry transformations in the Wess-Zumino gauge of non(anti)commutative N = 2 supersymmetric U(1) gauge theory defined in the deformed harmonic superspace. We also find that the action with the first order correction in the deformation parameter reduces to the one in the N = 1 superspace by some field redefinition. We construct deformed N = (1,1/2) supersymmetry in N = 2 supersymmetric U(1) gauge theory in non(anti)commutative N = 1 superspace

Quantum Hamiltonian reduction and conformal field theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bershadsky, M.

1991-01-01

It is proved that irreducible representation of the Virasoro algebra can be extracted from an irreducible representation space of the SL (2, R) current algebra by putting a constraint on the latter using the BRST formalism. Thus there is a SL(2, R) symmetry in the Virasoro algebra which is gauged and hidden. This construction of the Virasoro algebra is the quantum analog of the Hamiltonian reduction. The author then naturally leads to consider an SL(2, R) Wess-Zumino-Witten model. This system is related to the quantum field theory of the coadjoint orbit of the Virasoro group. Based on this result he presents the canonical derivation of the SL(2, R) current algebra in Polyakov's theory of two dimensional gravity; it is manifestation of the SL(2, R) symmetry in the conformal field theory hidden by the quantum Hamiltonian reduction. He discusses the quantum Hamiltonian reduction of the SL(n, R) current algebra for the general type of constraints labeled by index 1 ≤ l ≤ (n - 1) and claim that it leads to the new extended conformal algebras W n l . For l = 1 he recovers the well known W n algebra introduced by A. Zamolodchikov. For SL(3, R) Wess-Zumino-Witten model there are two different possibilities of constraining it. The first possibility gives the W 3 algebra, while the second leads to the new chiral algebra W 3 2 generated by the stress-energy tensor, two bosonic supercurrents with spins 3/2 and the U(1) current. He conjectures a Kac formula that describes the highly reducible representation for this algebra. He also makes some speculations concerning the structure of W gravity

Structural aspects of the fermion-boson mapping in two-dimensional gauge and anomalous gauge theories with massive fermions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Belvedere, L.V.; Souza Dutra, A. de; Natividade, C.P.; Queiroz, A.F. de

2002-01-01

Using a synthesis of the functional integral and operator approaches we discuss the fermion-boson mapping and the role played by the Bose field algebra in the Hilbert space of two-dimensional gauge and anomalous gauge field theories with massive fermions. In QED 2 with quartic self-interaction among massive fermions, the use of an auxiliary vector field introduces a redundant Bose field algebra that should not be considered as an element of the intrinsic algebraic structure defining the model. In anomalous chiral QED 2 with massive fermions the effect of the chiral anomaly leads to the appearance in the mass operator of a spurious Bose field combination. This phase factor carries no fermion selection rule and the expected absence of Θ-vacuum in the anomalous model is displayed from the operator solution. Even in the anomalous model with massive Fermi fields, the introduction of the Wess-Zumino field replicates the theory, changing neither its algebraic content nor its physical content

Chern-Simons, Wess-Zumino and other cocycles from Kashiwara-Vergne and associators

Science.gov (United States)

Alekseev, Anton; Naef, Florian; Xu, Xiaomeng; Zhu, Chenchang

2018-03-01

Descent equations play an important role in the theory of characteristic classes and find applications in theoretical physics, e.g., in the Chern-Simons field theory and in the theory of anomalies. The second Chern class (the first Pontrjagin class) is defined as p= where F is the curvature 2-form and is an invariant scalar product on the corresponding Lie algebra g. The descent for p gives rise to an element ω =ω _3+ω _2+ω _1+ω _0 of mixed degree. The 3-form part ω _3 is the Chern-Simons form. The 2-form part ω _2 is known as the Wess-Zumino action in physics. The 1-form component ω _1 is related to the canonical central extension of the loop group LG. In this paper, we give a new interpretation of the low degree components ω _1 and ω _0. Our main tool is the universal differential calculus on free Lie algebras due to Kontsevich. We establish a correspondence between solutions of the first Kashiwara-Vergne equation in Lie theory and universal solutions of the descent equation for the second Chern class p. In more detail, we define a 1-cocycle C which maps automorphisms of the free Lie algebra to one forms. A solution of the Kashiwara-Vergne equation F is mapped to ω _1=C(F). Furthermore, the component ω _0 is related to the associator Φ corresponding to F. It is surprising that while F and Φ satisfy the highly nonlinear twist and pentagon equations, the elements ω _1 and ω _0 solve the linear descent equation.

Algebraic structure and topological origin of anomalies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stora, R.

1984-01-01

These notes are organized as follows. Section II is devoted to the introduction of Faddeev Popov ghosts and the Slavnov operation in the expression of the Wess Zumino consistency condition. The ''Russian formula'' is then established and shown to provide solutions of the desired type - all solutions in four dimensional renormalizable theories. Section III is devoted to the derivation of the Cartan homotopy formula in the general non commutative form given by B. Zumino. The Wess Zumino lagrangian is then exhibited by a simple application of the formula. Section IV provides a description of the Alvarez Gaume - Witten gravitational anomalies as an application of the above mentioned formulae which was carried out by T. Schucker, F. Langouche and myself after the school was over. Section V gives a sketchy view of Ramadas and Atiyah-Singer's constructions

Boundary spectra in superspace σ-models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Quella, T.; Schomerus, V.; Creutzig, T.

2007-12-01

In this note we compute exact boundary spectra for D-instantons in σ-models on the supergroup PSL(22). Our results are obtained through an explicit summation of the perturbative expansion for conformal dimensions to all orders in the curvature radius. The analysis exploits several remarkable properties of the perturbation series that arises from rescalings of the metric on PSL(22) relative to a fixed Wess- Zumino term. According to Berkovits, Vafa and Witten, the models are relevant in the context of string theory on AdS 3 with non-vanishing RR-flux. The note concludes with a number of comments on various possible generalizations to other supergroups and higher dimensional supercoset theories. (orig.)

Lattice regularized chiral perturbation theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Borasoy, Bugra; Lewis, Randy; Ouimet, Pierre-Philippe A.

2004-01-01

Chiral perturbation theory can be defined and regularized on a spacetime lattice. A few motivations are discussed here, and an explicit lattice Lagrangian is reviewed. A particular aspect of the connection between lattice chiral perturbation theory and lattice QCD is explored through a study of the Wess-Zumino-Witten term

Superstrings fermionic solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rausch de Traubenberg, M.

1990-06-01

The solutions proposed by the superstring theory are classified and compared. In order to obtain some of the equivalences, the demonstration is based on the coincidence of the excitation spectrum and the quantum numbers from different states. The fermionic representation of the heterotical strings is discussed. The conformal invariance and the supersymmetric results extended to two dimensions are investigated. Concerning the fermionic strings, the formalism and a phenomenological solution involving three families of quarks, chiral leptons and leptons from the E 6 gauge group are presented. The equivalence between real and complex fermions is discussed. The similarity between some of the solutions of the Wess-Zumino-Witten model and the orbifolds is considered. The formal calculation program developed for reproducing the theory's low energy spectra, in the fermionic string formalism is given [fr

D-branes in a big bang/big crunch universe: Nappi-Witten gauged WZW model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hikida, Yasuaki [School of Physics and BK-21 Physics Division, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747 (Korea, Republic of); Nayak, Rashmi R. [Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN, Sezione di Roma 2, ' Tor Vergata' ' , Rome 00133 (Italy); Panigrahi, Kamal L. [Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN, Sezione di Roma 2, ' Tor Vergata' , Rome 00133 (Italy)

2005-05-01

We study D-branes in the Nappi-Witten model, which is a gauged WZW model based on (SL(2,R) x SU(2))/(U(1) x U(1)). The model describes a four dimensional space-time consisting of cosmological regions with big bang/big crunch singularities and static regions with closed time-like curves. The aim of this paper is to investigate by D-brane probes whether there are pathologies associated with the cosmological singularities and the closed time-like curves. We first classify D-branes in a group theoretical way, and then examine DBI actions for effective theories on the D-branes. In particular, we show that D-brane metric from the DBI action does not include singularities, and wave functions on the D-branes are well behaved even in the presence of closed time-like curves.

Two loop effective Kahler potential of (non)-renormalizable supersymmetric models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Groot Nibbelink, S.; Nyawelo, T.S.

2005-10-01

We perform a supergraph computation of the effective Kahler potential at one and two loops for general four dimensional N=1 supersymmetric theories described by arbitrary Kahler potential, superpotential and gauge kinetic function. We only insist on gauge invariance of the Kahler potential and the superpotential as we heavily rely on its consequences in the quantum theory. However, we do not require gauge invariance for the gauge kinetic functions, so that our results can also be applied to anomalous theories that involve the Green-Schwarz mechanism. We illustrate our two loop results by considering a few simple models: the (non-)renormalizable Wess-Zumino model and Super Quantum Electrodynamics. (author)

Calculating the anomalous supersymmetry breaking in super Yang-Mills theories with local coupling

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kraus, E.

2002-01-01

Supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories with local gauge coupling have a new type of anomalous breaking, which appears as a breaking of supersymmetry in the Wess-Zumino gauge. The anomalous breaking generates the two-loop order of the gauge β function in terms of the one-loop β function and the anomaly coefficient. We determine the anomaly coefficient in the Wess-Zumino gauge by solving the relevant supersymmetry identities. For this purpose we use a background gauge and show that the anomaly coefficient is uniquely determined by convergent one-loop integrals. When evaluating the one-loop diagrams in the background gauge, it is seen that the anomaly coefficient is determined by the Feynman-gauge value of the one-loop vertex function to G μν G-tilde μν at vanishing momenta

Nonabelian N=2 superstrings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Isaev, A.P.; Ivanov, E.A.

1990-04-01

The Green-Schwarz covariant N=2 superstring action can be consistently deduced as the action of the Wess-Zumino-Witten (WZW) sigma model defined on the direct product of two N=1, D=10 Poincare supertranslation groups. Generalizing this result, we construct new WZW sigma models on the supergroups with a nonabelian even part and interpret them as models of superstrings moving on the supergroup manifolds. We show that these models are completely integrable and in some special cases possess fermionic k-symmetry. (author). 20 refs

Chiral Thirring–Wess model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rahaman, Anisur, E-mail: anisur.rahman@saha.ac.in

2015-10-15

The vector type of interaction of the Thirring–Wess model was replaced by the chiral type and a new model was presented which was termed as chiral Thirring–Wess model in Rahaman (2015). The model was studied there with a Faddeevian class of regularization. Few ambiguity parameters were allowed there with the apprehension that unitarity might be threatened like the chiral generation of the Schwinger model. In the present work it has been shown that no counter term containing the regularization ambiguity is needed for this model to be physically sensible. So the chiral Thirring–Wess model is studied here without the presence of any ambiguity parameter and it has been found that the model not only remains exactly solvable but also does not lose the unitarity like the chiral generation of the Schwinger model. The phase space structure and the theoretical spectrum of this new model have been determined in the present scenario. The theoretical spectrum is found to contain a massive boson with ambiguity free mass and a massless boson.

Chiral Thirring–Wess model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rahaman, Anisur

2015-01-01

The vector type of interaction of the Thirring–Wess model was replaced by the chiral type and a new model was presented which was termed as chiral Thirring–Wess model in Rahaman (2015). The model was studied there with a Faddeevian class of regularization. Few ambiguity parameters were allowed there with the apprehension that unitarity might be threatened like the chiral generation of the Schwinger model. In the present work it has been shown that no counter term containing the regularization ambiguity is needed for this model to be physically sensible. So the chiral Thirring–Wess model is studied here without the presence of any ambiguity parameter and it has been found that the model not only remains exactly solvable but also does not lose the unitarity like the chiral generation of the Schwinger model. The phase space structure and the theoretical spectrum of this new model have been determined in the present scenario. The theoretical spectrum is found to contain a massive boson with ambiguity free mass and a massless boson

Notes on the Wess-Zumino-Witten-like structure: L{sub ∞} triplet and NS-NS superstring field theory

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Matsunaga, Hiroaki [Institute of Physics, the Czech Academy of Sciences,Na Slovance 2, Prague 8 (Czech Republic); Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University,Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan)

2017-05-17

In the NS-NS sector of superstring field theory, there potentially exist three nilpotent generators of gauge transformations and two constraint equations: it makes the gauge algebra of type II theory somewhat complicated. In this paper, we show that every NS-NS actions have their WZW-like forms, and that a triplet of mutually commutative L{sub ∞} products completely determines the gauge structure of NS-NS superstring field theory via its WZW-like structure. We give detailed analysis about it and present its characteristic properties by focusing on two NS-NS actions proposed by https://www.doi.org/10.1007/JHEP01(2017)022 and https://www.doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2014)158.

Vortex solutions in a Witten-type model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Itaya, Satoru; Sawado, Nobuyuki; Suzuki, Michitaka

2014-01-01

Straight line vortex solutions in a Witten's superconducting string model are studied. The model has many parameters and this is the main reason of the complexity. We argue the precise conditions of the parameters for finding the solutions of the model. We obtain the rotationally symmetric solutions for the winding numbers m = 1 - 4 with/without the gauge field. For the higher winding numbers, an energy minimization algorithm is used to investigate non-rotational solutions

Research program in theoretical high-energy physics. Task A progress report, January 1-December 31, 1986

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Feldman, D.; Fried, H.M.; Jevicki, A.; Kang, K.; Tan, C.I.

1986-01-01

This year's research has dealt with a side range of theoretical optics of current interest. New results include: an operator formulation of the covariant interacting string field theory of Witten the string and nonlinear sigma model connection; Kac-Moody and Virasoro algebras and their applications to string theories; compactified strings on group manifold as non-linear sigma models with Wess-Zumino terms and BRST quantization simplicial lattice formulation of gravity and strings; numerical studies of Polyakov strings and their Hausdorff dimensions; stability of vacuum energies for strings compactified on various tori; tests for topological features of string interactions for hadronic processes. Studies in strong coupling phenomena and the continuum description by the technique of infrared extraction, the structure of non-semisimple gauge theories and contracted gauge theories have been continued. Problems associated with the family structure of quarks and leptons, and the interface between cosmology and the grand unification of particle interactions have also been addressed: predictions on the fourth generation quarks; gauge model of fermion flavors and breaking patterns at axion scale; massive neutrinos and oscillations calculability problem in flavor mixings; axion emission for representative types of stars

Chern-Simons-Rozansky-Witten topological field theory

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kapustin, Anton [California Institute of Technology, Minor Outlying Islands (United States); Saulina, Natalia [California Institute of Technology, Minor Outlying Islands (United States)], E-mail: saulina@theory.caltech.edu

2009-12-21

We construct and study a new topological field theory in three dimensions. It is a hybrid between Chern-Simons and Rozansky-Witten theory and can be regarded as a topologically-twisted version of the N=4d=3 supersymmetric gauge theory recently discovered by Gaiotto and Witten. The model depends on a gauge group G and a hyper-Kaehler manifold X with a tri-holomorphic action of G. In the case when X is an affine space, we show that the model is equivalent to Chern-Simons theory whose gauge group is a supergroup. This explains the role of Lie superalgebras in the construction of Gaiotto and Witten. For general X, our model appears to be new. We describe some of its properties, focusing on the case when G is simple and X is the cotangent bundle of the flag variety of G. In particular, we show that Wilson loops are labeled by objects of a certain category which is a quantum deformation of the equivariant derived category of coherent sheaves on X.

On a gauge theory of the self-dual field and its quantization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Srivastava, P.P.

1990-01-01

A gauge theory of self-dual fields is constructed by adding a Wess-Zumino term to the recently studied formulation based on a second-order scalar field lagrangian carrying with it an auxiliary vector field to take care of the self-duality constraint in a linear fashion. The two versions are quantized using the BRST formulation following the BFV procedure. No violation of microcausality occurs and the action of the ordinary scalar field may not be written as the sum of the actions of the self- and anti-self-dual fields. (orig.)

Supersymmetric and non-supersymmetric Seiberg-like dualities for gauged Wess–Zumino–Witten theories, realised on branes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

E. Ireson

2016-01-01

Full Text Available In this work we extend the results of previous derivations of Seiberg-like dualities (level-rank duality between gauged Wess–Zumino–Witten theories. The arguments in use to identify a potential dual for the supersymmetric WZW theory based on the coset U(N+MkU(Nk can be extended to be applied to a wider variety of gauge groups, notably USp(2N+2M2kUSp(2N2k and SO(2N+2M2kSO(2N2k, which will be dealt with briefly. Most interestingly, non-supersymmetric versions of the latter theories can also be shown to have duals in a similar fashion. These results are supported by several pieces of evidence, string phenomenological interpretations of Seiberg duality, even in non-supersymmetric backgrounds, are helpful to justify the formulation, then, from field theory, quantities such as central charges or Witten indices are shown to match exactly. The stability of these non-supersymmetric models is also discussed and shown to be consistent.

Four loop wave function renormalization in the non-abelian Thirring model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ali, D.B.; Gracey, J.A.

2001-01-01

We compute the anomalous dimension of the fermion field with N f flavours in the fundamental representation of a general Lie colour group in the non-abelian Thirring model at four loops. The implications on the renormalization of the two point Green's function through the loss of multiplicative renormalizability of the model in dimensional regularization due to the appearance of evanescent four fermi operators are considered at length. We observe the appearance of one new colour group Casimir, d F abcd d F abcd , in the final four loop result and discuss its consequences for the relation of the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov critical exponents in the Wess-Zumino-Witten-Novikov model to the non-abelian Thirring model. Renormalization scheme changes are also considered to ensure that the underlying Fierz symmetry broken by dimensional regularization is restored

Effective action and electromagnetic response of topological superconductors and Majorana-mass Weyl fermions

Science.gov (United States)

Stone, Michael; Lopes, Pedro L. e. S.

2016-05-01

Motivated by an apparent paradox in [X.-L. Qi, E. Witten, and S.-C. Zhang, Phys. Rev. B 87, 134519 (2013), 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.134519], we use the method of gauged Wess-Zumino-Witten functionals to construct an effective action for a Weyl fermion with a Majorana mass that arises from coupling to a charged condensate. We obtain expressions for the current induced by an external gauge field and observe that the topological part of the current is only one-third of that that might have been expected from the gauge anomaly. The anomaly is not changed by the induced mass gap, however. The topological current is supplemented by a conventional supercurrent that provides the remaining two-thirds of the anomaly once the equation of motion for the Goldstone mode is satisfied. We apply our formula for the current to resolve the apparent paradox and also to the chiral magnetic effect (CME), where it predicts a reduction of the CME current to one-third of its value for a free Weyl gas in thermal equilibrium. We attribute this reduction to a partial cancellation of the CME by a chiral vortical effect current arising from the persistent rotation of the fluid induced by the external magnetic field.

Krichever-Novikov type algebras theory and applications

CERN Document Server

Schlichenmaier, Martin

2014-01-01

Krichever and Novikov introduced certain classes of infinite dimensionalLie algebrasto extend the Virasoro algebra and its related algebras to Riemann surfaces of higher genus. The author of this book generalized and extended them toa more general setting needed by the applications. Examples of applications are Conformal Field Theory, Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten models, moduli space problems, integrable systems, Lax operator algebras, and deformation theory of Lie algebra. Furthermore they constitute an important class of infinite dimensional Lie algebras which due to their geometric origin are

Analogue of the Witten effect in the Poincare gauge theory of gravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mielke, E.W.

1985-03-01

The gravitational contribution to the chiral anomaly is analysed in the framework of the Poincare gauge theory. It is shown that an additional CP-violating term 8*RR in the effective Lagrangian is equivalent to a shift in the mass of the Taub-NUT metric as felt by fermions. This analogue of the Witten effect is discussed in conjunction with the appearance of torsion in recently found exact solutions. (author)

Dispersive and damping properties of supersymmetric sound. 2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lebedev, V.V.; Smilga, A.V.

1988-01-01

This paper is the second part of the work devoted to the massless fermionic collective excitation in supersymmetric media at nonzero temperature. The solution to generalized kinetic equations for the Wess-Zumino model at low temperatures is presented and the situation at high temperatures is discussed. Supersymmetric gauge models are also discussed

Super string field theory and the Wess-Zumino-Witten action

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Erler, Theodore

2017-01-01

Roč. 2017, č. 10 (2017), s. 1-63, č. článku 057. ISSN 1029-8479 R&D Projects: GA MŠk EF15_003/0000437 Institutional support: RVO:68378271 Keywords : string field theory * superstrings and heterotic strings Subject RIV: BE - Theoretical Physics OBOR OECD: Atomic, molecular and chemical physics (physics of atoms and molecules including collision, interaction with radiation, magnetic resonances, Mössbauer effect) Impact factor: 6.063, year: 2016

Fusion rings and fusion ideals

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, Troels Bak

by the so-called fusion ideals. The fusion rings of Wess-Zumino-Witten models have been widely studied and are well understood in terms of precise combinatorial descriptions and explicit generating sets of the fusion ideals. They also appear in another, more general, setting via tilting modules for quantum......This dissertation investigates fusion rings, which are Grothendieck groups of rigid, monoidal, semisimple, abelian categories. Special interest is in rational fusion rings, i.e., fusion rings which admit a finite basis, for as commutative rings they may be presented as quotients of polynomial rings...

Spin-k/2-spin-k/2 SU(2) two-point functions on the torus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kirsch, Ingo; Kucharski, Piotr

2012-11-01

We discuss a class of two-point functions on the torus of primary operators in the SU(2) Wess-Zumino-Witten model at integer level k. In particular, we construct an explicit expression for the current blocks of the spin-(k)/(2)-spin-(k)/(2) torus two-point functions for all k. We first examine the factorization limits of the proposed current blocks and test their monodromy properties. We then prove that the current blocks solve the corresponding Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov-like differential equations using the method of Mathur, Mukhi and Sen.

Spin-k/2-spin-k/2 SU(2) two-point functions on the torus

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kirsch, Ingo [Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg (Germany). Gruppe Theorie; Kucharski, Piotr [Warsaw Univ. (Poland). Inst. of Theoretical Physics

2012-11-15

We discuss a class of two-point functions on the torus of primary operators in the SU(2) Wess-Zumino-Witten model at integer level k. In particular, we construct an explicit expression for the current blocks of the spin-(k)/(2)-spin-(k)/(2) torus two-point functions for all k. We first examine the factorization limits of the proposed current blocks and test their monodromy properties. We then prove that the current blocks solve the corresponding Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov-like differential equations using the method of Mathur, Mukhi and Sen.

Two-dimensional field theory description of a disoriented chiral condensate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kogan, I.I.

1993-01-01

We consider the effective (1+1)-dimensional chiral theory describing fluctuations of the order parameter of the disoriented chiral condensate (DCC) which can be formed in the central rapidity region in relativistic nucleus-nucleus or nucleon-nucleon collisions at high energy. Using (1+1)-dimensional reduction of QCD at high energies and assuming spin polarization of the DDC one can find the Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten model at the level k=3 as the effective chiral theory for the one-dimensional DDC. Some possible phenomenological consequences are briefly discussed

N=1 supersymmetric yang-mills theory in Ito Calculus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakazawa, Naohito

2003-01-01

The stochastic quantization method is applied to N = 1 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory, in particular in 4 and 10 dimensions. In the 4 dimensional case, based on Ito calculus, the Langevin equation is formulated in terms of the superfield formalism. The stochastic process manifestly preserves both the global N = 1 supersymmetry and the local gauge symmetry. The expectation values of the local gauge invariant observables in SYM 4 are reproduced in the equilibrium limit. In the superfield formalism, it is impossible in SQM to choose the so-called Wess-Zumino gauge in such a way to gauge away the auxiliary component fields in the vector multiplet, while it is shown that the time development of the auxiliary component fields is determined by the Langevin equations for the physical component fields of the vector multiplet in an ''almost Wess-Zumino gauge''. The physical component expressions of the superfield Langevin equation are naturally extended to the 10 dimensional case, where the spinor field is Majorana-Weyl. By taking a naive zero volume limit of the SYM 10 , the IIB matrix model is studied in this context. (author)

On Affine Fusion and the Phase Model

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mark A. Walton

2012-11-01

Full Text Available A brief review is given of the integrable realization of affine fusion discovered recently by Korff and Stroppel. They showed that the affine fusion of the su(n Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten (WZNW conformal field theories appears in a simple integrable system known as the phase model. The Yang-Baxter equation leads to the construction of commuting operators as Schur polynomials, with noncommuting hopping operators as arguments. The algebraic Bethe ansatz diagonalizes them, revealing a connection to the modular S matrix and fusion of the su(n WZNW model. The noncommutative Schur polynomials play roles similar to those of the primary field operators in the corresponding WZNW model. In particular, their 3-point functions are the su(n fusion multiplicities. We show here how the new phase model realization of affine fusion makes obvious the existence of threshold levels, and how it accommodates higher-genus fusion.

Witten index for noncompact dynamics

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Seung-Joo [Department of Physics, Robeson Hall, Virginia Tech,Robeson Hall, 0435, 850 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061 (United States); Yi, Piljin [School of Physics and Quantum Universe Center, Korea Institute for Advanced Study,85 Hoegi-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02455 (Korea, Republic of)

2016-06-16

Among gauged dynamics motivated by string theory, we find many with gapless asymptotic directions. Although the natural boundary condition for ground states is L{sup 2}, one often turns on chemical potentials or supersymmetric mass terms to regulate the infrared issues, instead, and computes the twisted partition function. We point out how this procedure generically fails to capture physical L{sup 2} Witten index with often misleading results. We also explore how, nevertheless, the Witten index is sometimes intricately embedded in such twisted partition functions. For d=1 theories with gapless continuum sector from gauge multiplets, such as non-primitive quivers and pure Yang-Mills, a further subtlety exists, leading to fractional expressions. Quite unexpectedly, however, the integral L{sup 2} Witten index can be extracted directly and easily from the twisted partition function of such theories. This phenomenon is tied to the notion of the rational invariant that appears naturally in the wall-crossing formulae, and offers a general mechanism of reading off Witten index directly from the twisted partition function. Along the way, we correct early numerical results for some of N=4,8,16 pure Yang-Mills quantum mechanics, and count threshold bound states for general gauge groups beyond SU(N).

Witten index for noncompact dynamics

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Seung-Joo; Yi, Piljin

2016-06-01

Among gauged dynamics motivated by string theory, we find many with gapless asymptotic directions. Although the natural boundary condition for ground states is L 2, one often turns on chemical potentials or supersymmetric mass terms to regulate the infrared issues, instead, and computes the twisted partition function. We point out how this procedure generically fails to capture physical L 2 Witten index with often misleading results. We also explore how, nevertheless, the Witten index is sometimes intricately embedded in such twisted partition functions. For d = 1 theories with gapless continuum sector from gauge multiplets, such as non-primitive quivers and pure Yang-Mills, a further subtlety exists, leading to fractional expressions. Quite unexpectedly, however, the integral L 2 Witten index can be extracted directly and easily from the twisted partition function of such theories. This phenomenon is tied to the notion of the rational invariant that appears naturally in the wall-crossing formulae, and offers a general mechanism of reading off Witten index directly from the twisted partition function. Along the way, we correct early numerical results for some of mathcal{N} = 4 , 8 , 16 pure Yang-Mills quantum mechanics, and count threshold bound states for general gauge groups beyond SU( N ).

Witten index for noncompact dynamics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Seung-Joo; Yi, Piljin

2016-01-01

Among gauged dynamics motivated by string theory, we find many with gapless asymptotic directions. Although the natural boundary condition for ground states is L"2, one often turns on chemical potentials or supersymmetric mass terms to regulate the infrared issues, instead, and computes the twisted partition function. We point out how this procedure generically fails to capture physical L"2 Witten index with often misleading results. We also explore how, nevertheless, the Witten index is sometimes intricately embedded in such twisted partition functions. For d=1 theories with gapless continuum sector from gauge multiplets, such as non-primitive quivers and pure Yang-Mills, a further subtlety exists, leading to fractional expressions. Quite unexpectedly, however, the integral L"2 Witten index can be extracted directly and easily from the twisted partition function of such theories. This phenomenon is tied to the notion of the rational invariant that appears naturally in the wall-crossing formulae, and offers a general mechanism of reading off Witten index directly from the twisted partition function. Along the way, we correct early numerical results for some of N=4,8,16 pure Yang-Mills quantum mechanics, and count threshold bound states for general gauge groups beyond SU(N).

Gromov-Witten invariants and localization

Science.gov (United States)

Morrison, David R.

2017-11-01

We give a pedagogical review of the computation of Gromov-Witten invariants via localization in 2D gauged linear sigma models. We explain the relationship between the two-sphere partition function of the theory and the Kähler potential on the conformal manifold. We show how the Kähler potential can be assembled from classical, perturbative, and non-perturbative contributions, and explain how the non-perturbative contributions are related to the Gromov-Witten invariants of the corresponding Calabi-Yau manifold. We then explain how localization enables efficient calculation of the two-sphere partition function and, ultimately, the Gromov-Witten invariants themselves. This is a contribution to the review issue ‘Localization techniques in quantum field theories’ (ed V Pestun and M Zabzine) which contains 17 chapters, available at [1].

Noncommutative quantum electrodynamics from Seiberg-Witten maps to all orders in θμν

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zeiner, Joerg

2007-01-01

The basic question which drove our whole work was to find a meaningful noncommutative gauge theory even for the time-like case (θ 0i ≠0). Our model is based on two fundamental assumptions. The first assumption is given by the commutation relations. This led to the Moyal-Weyl star-product which replaces all point-like products between two fields. The second assumption is to assume that the model built this way is not only invariant under the noncommutative gauge transformation but also under the commutative one. We chose a gauge fixed action as the fundamental action of our model. After having constructed the action of the NCQED including the Seiberg-Witten maps we were confronted with the problem of calculating the Seiberg-Witten maps to all orders in θ μν . We could calculate the Seiberg-Witten maps order by order in the gauge field, where each order in the gauge field contains all orders in the noncommutative parameter. We realized that already the simplest Seiberg-Witten map for the gauge field is not unique. We examined this ambiguity, which we could parametrised by an arbitrary function * f . The next step was to derive the Feynman rules for our NCQED. One finds that the propagators remain unchanged so that the free theory is equal to the commutative QED. The fermion-fermion-photon vertex contains not only a phase factor coming from the Moyal-Weyl star-product but also two additional terms which have their origin in the Seiberg-Witten maps. Beside the 3-photon vertex which is already present in NCQED without Seiberg-Witten maps and which has also additional terms coming from the Seiberg-Witten maps, too, one has a contact vertex which couples two fermions with two photons. After having derived all the vertices we calculated the pair annihilation scattering process e + e - →γγ at Born level. We found that the amplitude of the pair annihilation process becomes equal to the amplitude of the NCQED without Seiberg-Witten maps. On the basis of the pair

Comparison of the anomalous and non-anomalous generalized Schwinger models via functional formalism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Souza Dutra, A. de.

1992-01-01

The Green functions of the two versions of the two versions of the generalized Schwinger model, the anomalous and the non-anomalous one, in their higher order Lagrangian density form are calculated. Furthermore it is shown through a sequence of transformations that the bosonized Lagrangian density is equivalent to the former, at least for the bosonic correlation functions. The introduction of the sources from the beginning, leading to a gauge-invariant source term is also considered. It is verified that the two models have the same correlation functions only of the gauge-invariant sector is taken into account. Finally it is presented a generalization of the Wess-Zumino term, and its physical consequences are studied, in particular the appearance of gauge-dependent massive excitations. (author)

Quantum geometry of the Dirac fermions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Korchemskij, G.P.

1989-01-01

The bosonic path integral formalism is developed for Dirac fermions interacting with a nonabelian gauge field in the D-dimensional Euclidean space-time. The representation for the effective action and correlation functions of interacting fermions as sums over all bosonic paths on the complex projective space CP 2d-1 , (2d=2 [ D 2] is derived where all the spinor structure is absorbed by the one-dimensional Wess-Zumino term. It is the Wess-Zumino term that ensures all necessary properties of Dirac fermions under quantization. i.e., quantized values of the spin, Dirac equation, Fermi statistics. 19 refs

Topics in field theory-higher spins, CFT, and gravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang, Z.

1990-01-01

Several topics in field theory are investigated. (1) Massive higher spin actions are obtained as gauge theories from the dimensional reduction of the corresponding massless ones. (2) The author considers a model of spin4 and spin2 interaction through the Bel-Robinson tensor of spin2 field, which in conserved at free level. The coupling is inconsistent, yet there are indications that adding still higher spin couplings would be a promising direction to achieve consistency. (3) Energy and Stability of Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet models of gravity are studied. It is shown that flat space is stable while AdS is not. (4) Gauged Wess-Zumino-Witten models are studied in detail. The equivalence to GKO construction of conformal field theory is considered. BRST quantization of the models is given. (5) Nonrenormalizability of quantum gravity is, in the binomial first order metric formulation, traced to a mismatch between the symmetries of its quadratic and cubic term. (6) The possibility that the gravitational model defined in D = 3 by an action which is the sum of Einstein and Chern-Simons terms is a viable quantum theory is investigated. It is shown that it is compatible with power-counting renormalizability. Gauge invariant regularizations, however, have not been found to exist. Detailed BRS analysis shows that there are possible anomalies

Leading logarithms in the anomalous sector of two-flavour QCD

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bijnens, Johan; Kampf, Karol; Lanz, Stefan

2012-01-01

We add the Wess-Zumino-Witten term to the N=3 massive nonlinear sigma model and study the leading logarithms in the anomalous sector. We obtain the leading logarithms to six loops for π 0 →γ ⁎ γ ⁎ and to five loops for γ ⁎ πππ. In addition we extend the earlier work on the mass and decay constant to six loops and the vector form factor to five loops. We present numerical results for the anomalous processes and the vector form factor. In all cases the series are found to converge rapidly.

Noncommutative quantum electrodynamics from Seiberg-Witten maps to all orders in {theta}{sup {mu}}{sup {nu}}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zeiner, Joerg

2007-07-03

The basic question which drove our whole work was to find a meaningful noncommutative gauge theory even for the time-like case ({theta}{sup 0i} {ne}0). Our model is based on two fundamental assumptions. The first assumption is given by the commutation relations. This led to the Moyal-Weyl star-product which replaces all point-like products between two fields. The second assumption is to assume that the model built this way is not only invariant under the noncommutative gauge transformation but also under the commutative one. We chose a gauge fixed action as the fundamental action of our model. After having constructed the action of the NCQED including the Seiberg-Witten maps we were confronted with the problem of calculating the Seiberg-Witten maps to all orders in {theta}{sup {mu}}{sup {nu}}. We could calculate the Seiberg-Witten maps order by order in the gauge field, where each order in the gauge field contains all orders in the noncommutative parameter. We realized that already the simplest Seiberg-Witten map for the gauge field is not unique. We examined this ambiguity, which we could parametrised by an arbitrary function *{sub f}. The next step was to derive the Feynman rules for our NCQED. One finds that the propagators remain unchanged so that the free theory is equal to the commutative QED. The fermion-fermion-photon vertex contains not only a phase factor coming from the Moyal-Weyl star-product but also two additional terms which have their origin in the Seiberg-Witten maps. Beside the 3-photon vertex which is already present in NCQED without Seiberg-Witten maps and which has also additional terms coming from the Seiberg-Witten maps, too, one has a contact vertex which couples two fermions with two photons. After having derived all the vertices we calculated the pair annihilation scattering process e{sup +}e{sup -}{yields}{gamma}{gamma} at Born level. We found that the amplitude of the pair annihilation process becomes equal to the amplitude of the NCQED

An AdS3 dual for minimal model CFTs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gaberdiel, Matthias R.; Gopakumar, Rajesh

2011-01-01

We propose a duality between the 2d W N minimal models in the large N't Hooft limit, and a family of higher spin theories on AdS 3 . The 2d conformal field theories (CFTs) can be described as Wess-Zumino-Witten coset models, and include, for N=2, the usual Virasoro unitary series. The dual bulk theory contains, in addition to the massless higher spin fields, two complex scalars (of equal mass). The mass is directly related to the 't Hooft coupling constant of the dual CFT. We give convincing evidence that the spectra of the two theories match precisely for all values of the 't Hooft coupling. We also show that the renormalization group flows in the 2d CFT agree exactly with the usual AdS/CFT prediction of the gravity theory. Our proposal is in many ways analogous to the Klebanov-Polyakov conjecture for an AdS 4 dual for the singlet sector of large N vector models.

Lagrange multiplier and Wess-Zumino variable as extra dimensions in the torus universe

Science.gov (United States)

Nejad, Salman Abarghouei; Dehghani, Mehdi; Monemzadeh, Majid

2018-01-01

We study the effect of the simplest geometry which is imposed via the topology of the universe by gauging non-relativistic particle model on torus and 3-torus with the help of symplectic formalism of constrained systems. Also, we obtain generators of gauge transformations for gauged models. Extracting corresponding Poisson structure of existed constraints, we show the effect of the shape of the universe on canonical structure of phase-spaces of models and suggest some phenomenology to prove the topology of the universe and probable non-commutative structure of the space. In addition, we show that the number of extra dimensions in the phase-spaces of gauged embedded models are exactly two. Moreover, in classical form, we talk over modification of Newton's second law in order to study the origin of the terms appeared in the gauged theory.

The GL(1 vertical stroke 1)-symplectic fermion correspondence

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Creutzig, Thomas; Roenne, Peter B.

2008-12-01

In this note we prove a correspondence between the Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten model of the Lie supergroup GL(1 vertical stroke 1) and a free model consisting of two scalars and a pair of symplectic fermions. This model was discussed earlier by LeClair. Vertex operators for the symplectic fermions include twist fields, and correlation functions of GL(1 vertical stroke 1) agree with the known results for the scalars and symplectic fermions. We perform a detailed study of boundary states for symplectic fermions and apply them to branes in GL(1 vertical stroke 1). This allows us to compute new amplitudes of strings stretching between branes of different types and confirming Cardy's condition. (orig.)

The GL(1 vertical stroke 1)-symplectic fermion correspondence

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Creutzig, Thomas; Roenne, Peter B.

2008-12-15

In this note we prove a correspondence between the Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten model of the Lie supergroup GL(1 vertical stroke 1) and a free model consisting of two scalars and a pair of symplectic fermions. This model was discussed earlier by LeClair. Vertex operators for the symplectic fermions include twist fields, and correlation functions of GL(1 vertical stroke 1) agree with the known results for the scalars and symplectic fermions. We perform a detailed study of boundary states for symplectic fermions and apply them to branes in GL(1 vertical stroke 1). This allows us to compute new amplitudes of strings stretching between branes of different types and confirming Cardy's condition. (orig.)

New integrable structures in large-N QCD

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferretti, Gabriele; Heise, Rainer; Zarembo, Konstantin

2004-01-01

We study the anomalous dimensions of single trace operators composed of field strengths F μν in large-N QCD. The matrix of anomalous dimensions is the Hamiltonian of a compact spin chain with two spin one representations at each vertex corresponding to the self-dual and anti-self-dual components of F μν . Because of the special form of the interaction it is possible to study separately renormalization of purely self-dual components. In this sector the Hamiltonian is integrable and can be exactly solved by Bethe ansatz. Its continuum limit is described by the level two SU(2) Wess-Zumino-Witten model

Quantum critical spin-2 chain with emergent SU(3) symmetry.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Pochung; Xue, Zhi-Long; McCulloch, I P; Chung, Ming-Chiang; Huang, Chao-Chun; Yip, S-K

2015-04-10

We study the quantum critical phase of an SU(2) symmetric spin-2 chain obtained from spin-2 bosons in a one-dimensional lattice. We obtain the scaling of the finite-size energies and entanglement entropy by exact diagonalization and density-matrix renormalization group methods. From the numerical results of the energy spectra, central charge, and scaling dimension we identify the conformal field theory describing the whole critical phase to be the SU(3)_{1} Wess-Zumino-Witten model. We find that, while the Hamiltonian is only SU(2) invariant, in this critical phase there is an emergent SU(3) symmetry in the thermodynamic limit.

Lecture notes on Chern-Simons-Witten theory

CERN Document Server

Hu, Sen

2001-01-01

This invaluable monograph has arisen in part from E Witten's lectures on topological quantum field theory in the spring of 1989 at Princeton University. At that time Witten unified several important mathematical works in terms of quantum field theory, most notably the Donaldson polynomial, the Gromov-Floer homology and the Jones polynomials. In his lectures, among other things, Witten explained his intrinsic three-dimensional construction of Jones polynomials via Chern-Simons gauge theory. He provided both a rigorous proof of the geometric quantization of the Chern-Simons action and a very ill

Supersymmetric domain walls

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bergshoeff, Eric A.; Kleinschmidt, Axel; Riccioni, Fabio

2012-01-01

We classify the half-supersymmetric "domain walls," i.e., branes of codimension one, in toroidally compactified IIA/IIB string theory and show to which gauged supergravity theory each of these domain walls belong. We use as input the requirement of supersymmetric Wess-Zumino terms, the properties of

Extended global symmetries of the bosonic string. Their current algebra and anomalies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Piguet, O.; Schwarz, D.; Schweda, M.

1990-01-01

The quantization of the bosonic string is discussed in a class of general homogeneous gauges. The corresponding bosonic string model may be characterized effectively by three global symmetries: the linearized BRS symmetry, the ghost-number symmetry, and the Lagrange-multiplier-field symmetry. In order to discuss the possible gauge (in)dependence of Noether currents and anomalies consistently, we enlarge these rigid symmetries to extended ones. In addition we construct the local version of the above global symmetries in a systematic way, by introducing appropriate external gauge fields. The possible anomalies are analysed with the help of Wess-Zumino consistency relations. (orig.)

Black hole physics from two-dimensional dilaton gravity based on the SL(2,R)/U(1) coset model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nojiri, S.; Oda, I.

1994-01-01

We analyze the quantum two-dimensional dilaton gravity model, which is described by the SL(2,R)/U(1) gauged Wess-Zumino-Witten model deformed by a (1,1) operator. We show that the curvature singularity does not appear when the central charge c matter of the matter fields is given by 22 matter matter matter ∝δ(x + -x 0 + ), create a kind of wormholes, i.e., causally disconnected regions. Most of the quantum information in past null infinity is lost in future null infinity but the lost information would be carried by the wormholes. We also discuss the problem of defining the mass of quantum black holes. On the basis of the argument by Regge and Teitelboim, we show that the ADM mass measured by the observer who lives in one of the asymptotically flat regions is finite and does not vanish in general. On the other hand, the Bondi mass is ill defined in this model. Instead of the Bondi mass, we consider the mass measured by observers who live in an asymptotically flat region at first. A class of observers finds the mass of the black hole created by a shock wave changes as the observers' proper time goes by, i.e., they observe Hawking radiation. The measured mass vanishes after the infinite proper time and the black hole evaporates completely. Therefore the total Hawking radiation is positive even when N<24

Towards Noncommutative Linking Numbers via the Seiberg-Witten Map

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

H. García-Compeán

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Some geometric and topological implications of noncommutative Wilson loops are explored via the Seiberg-Witten map. In the abelian Chern-Simons theory on a three-dimensional manifold, it is shown that the effect of noncommutativity is the appearance of 6n new knots at the nth order of the Seiberg-Witten expansion. These knots are trivial homology cycles which are Poincaré dual to the higher-order Seiberg-Witten potentials. Moreover the linking number of a standard 1-cycle with the Poincaré dual of the gauge field is shown to be written as an expansion of the linking number of this 1-cycle with the Poincaré dual of the Seiberg-Witten gauge fields. In the process we explicitly compute the noncommutative “Jones-Witten” invariants up to first order in the noncommutative parameter. Finally in order to exhibit a physical example, we apply these ideas explicitly to the Aharonov-Bohm effect. It is explicitly displayed at first order in the noncommutative parameter; we also show the relation to the noncommutative Landau levels.

Stringy horizons and generalized FZZ duality in perturbation theory

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Giribet, Gaston [Martin Fisher School of Physics, Brandeis University,Waltham, Massachusetts 02453 (United States); Departamento de Física, Universidad de Buenos Aires FCEN-UBA and IFIBA-CONICET,Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón I, 1428, Buenos Aires (Argentina)

2017-02-14

We study scattering amplitudes in two-dimensional string theory on a black hole bakground. We start with a simple derivation of the Fateev-Zamolodchikov-Zamolodchikov (FZZ) duality, which associates correlation functions of the sine-Liouville integrable model on the Riemann sphere to tree-level string amplitudes on the Euclidean two-dimensional black hole. This derivation of FZZ duality is based on perturbation theory, and it relies on a trick originally due to Fateev, which involves duality relations between different Selberg type integrals. This enables us to rewrite the correlation functions of sine-Liouville theory in terms of a special set of correlators in the gauged Wess-Zumino-Witten (WZW) theory, and use this to perform further consistency checks of the recently conjectured Generalized FZZ (GFZZ) duality. In particular, we prove that n-point correlation functions in sine-Liouville theory involving n−2 winding modes actually coincide with the correlation functions in the SL(2,ℝ)/U(1) gauged WZW model that include n−2 oscillator operators of the type described by Giveon, Itzhaki and Kutasov in reference https://www.doi.org/10.1007/JHEP10(2016)157. This proves the GFZZ duality for the case of tree level maximally winding violating n-point amplitudes with arbitrary n. We also comment on the connection between GFZZ and other marginal deformations previously considered in the literature.

Novel ambiguities in the Seiberg-Witten map and the emergent gravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Muthukumar, B.

2015-01-01

A homogeneous part of the Seiberg-Witten gauge equivalence relation for gauge fields can lead to solutions that involve matter fields in such a way that the gauge equivalence and the dimensional and index structures are preserved. In particular, we consider scalar fields coupled to U(1) gauge fields. The matter fields appear non-linearly in the map. As an application, we analyze the implication of this ambiguity to emergent gravity at the first order in noncommutative parameter and show that the new ambiguity restores the possibility of conformal coupling of real scalar density field that is coupled non-minimally to the emergent gravity induced by gauge fields — a possibility that is strictly not allowed if we consider only the already known ambiguity in the Seiberg-Witten map.

Investigation of the chiral antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model using projected entangled pair states

Science.gov (United States)

Poilblanc, Didier

2017-09-01

A simple spin-1/2 frustrated antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model (AFHM) on the square lattice—including chiral plaquette cyclic terms—was argued [A. E. B. Nielsen, G. Sierra, and J. I. Cirac, Nat. Commun. 4, 2864 (2013), 10.1038/ncomms3864] to host a bosonic Kalmeyer-Laughlin (KL) fractional quantum Hall ground state [V. Kalmeyer and R. B. Laughlin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 2095 (1987), 10.1103/PhysRevLett.59.2095]. Here, we construct generic families of chiral projected entangled pair states (chiral PEPS) with low bond dimension (D =3 ,4 ,5 ) which, upon optimization, provide better variational energies than the KL Ansatz. The optimal D =3 PEPS exhibits chiral edge modes described by the Wess-Zumino-Witten SU(2) 1 model, as expected for the KL spin liquid. However, we find evidence that, in contrast to the KL state, the PEPS spin liquids have power-law dimer-dimer correlations and exhibit a gossamer long-range tail in the spin-spin correlations. We conjecture that these features are genuine to local chiral AFHM on bipartite lattices.

Renormalization group invariance in the presence of an instanton

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ross, D.A.

1987-01-01

A pure Yang-Mills theory which admits an instanton is under discussion. n=1 supersymmetric (SU-2) Yang-Mills theory, both in the Wess-zumino gauge and in manifestly supersymmetric supergauge is considered. Two-loop vacuum graphs are calculated. The way a renormalization group invariance works under conditions of fermionic zero mode elimination is shown

Nambu–Poisson gauge theory

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jurčo, Branislav, E-mail: jurco@karlin.mff.cuni.cz [Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Mathematical Institute, Prague 186 75 (Czech Republic); Schupp, Peter, E-mail: p.schupp@jacobs-university.de [Jacobs University Bremen, 28759 Bremen (Germany); Vysoký, Jan, E-mail: vysokjan@fjfi.cvut.cz [Jacobs University Bremen, 28759 Bremen (Germany); Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Prague 115 19 (Czech Republic)

2014-06-02

We generalize noncommutative gauge theory using Nambu–Poisson structures to obtain a new type of gauge theory with higher brackets and gauge fields. The approach is based on covariant coordinates and higher versions of the Seiberg–Witten map. We construct a covariant Nambu–Poisson gauge theory action, give its first order expansion in the Nambu–Poisson tensor and relate it to a Nambu–Poisson matrix model.

Nambu–Poisson gauge theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jurčo, Branislav; Schupp, Peter; Vysoký, Jan

2014-01-01

We generalize noncommutative gauge theory using Nambu–Poisson structures to obtain a new type of gauge theory with higher brackets and gauge fields. The approach is based on covariant coordinates and higher versions of the Seiberg–Witten map. We construct a covariant Nambu–Poisson gauge theory action, give its first order expansion in the Nambu–Poisson tensor and relate it to a Nambu–Poisson matrix model.

A covariant canonical description of Liouville field theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Papadopoulos, G.; Spence, B.

1993-03-01

This paper presents a new parametrisation of the space of solutions of Liouville field theory on a cylinder. In this parametrisation, the solutions are well-defined and manifestly real functions over all space-time and all of parameter space. It is shown that the resulting covariant phase space of the Liouville theory is diffeomorphic to the Hamiltonian one, and to the space of initial data of the theory. The Poisson brackets are derived and shown to be those of the co-tangent bundle of the loop group of the real line. Using Hamiltonian reduction, it is shown that this covariant phase space formulation of Liouville theory may also be obtained from the covariant phase space formulation of the Wess-Zumino-Witten model. 19 refs

The Wess-Zumino-Witten term of the M5-brane and differential cohomotopy

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Fiorenza, D.; Sati, H.; Schreiber, Urs

2015-01-01

Roč. 56, č. 10 (2015), s. 102301 ISSN 0022-2488 Institutional support: RVO:67985840 Keywords : differential cohomology Subject RIV: BA - General Mathematics Impact factor: 1.234, year: 2015 http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/jmp/56/10/10.1063/1.4932618

Supertwistor orbifolds: gauge theory amplitudes and topological strings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, Jaemo; Rey, Soojong

2004-01-01

Witten established correspondence between multiparton amplitudes in four-dimensional maximally supersymmetric gauge theory and topological string theory on supertwistor space CP 3verticalbar4 . We extend Witten's correspondence to gauge theories with lower supersymmetries, product gauge groups, and fermions and scalars in complex representations. Such gauge theories arise in high-energy limit of the Standard Model of strong and electroweak interactions. We construct such theories by orbifolding prescription. Much like gauge and string theories, such prescription is applicable equally well to topological string theories on supertwistor space. We work out several examples of orbifolds of CP 3verticalbar4 that are dual to N=2,1,0 quiver gauge theories. We study gauged sigma model describing topological B-model on the superorbifolds, and explore mirror pairs with particular attention to the parity symmetry. We check the orbifold construction by studying multiparton amplitudes in these theories with particular attention to those involving fermions in bifundamental representations and interactions involving U(1) subgroups. (author)

BV Quantization of the Rozansky-Witten Model

Science.gov (United States)

Chan, Kwokwai; Leung, Naichung Conan; Li, Qin

2017-10-01

We investigate the perturbative aspects of Rozansky-Witten's 3d {σ}-model (Rozansky and Witten in Sel Math 3(3):401-458, 1997) using Costello's approach to the Batalin-Vilkovisky (BV) formalism (Costello in Renormalization and effective field theory, American Mathematical Society, Providence, 2011). We show that the BV quantization (in Costello's sense) of the model, which produces a perturbative quantum field theory, can be obtained via the configuration space method of regularization due to Kontsevich (First European congress of mathematics, Paris, 1992) and Axelrod-Singer (J Differ Geom 39(1):173-213, 1994). We also study the factorization algebra structure of quantum observables following Costello-Gwilliam (Factorization algebras in quantum field theory, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2017). In particular, we show that the cohomology of local quantum observables on a genus g handle body is given by {H^*(X, (\\wedge^*T_X)^{⊗ g})} (where X is the target manifold), and we prove that the partition function reproduces the Rozansky-Witten invariants.

Using of the variational principle for investigation of the supersymmetry models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krasnikov, N.V.

1985-01-01

The variational principle is used for investigation of possible spontaneous breaking of supersymmetry. It is shown that if supersymmetry in the generalized Wess-Zumino model is not broken on the classical level, it is neither broken as well with account for quantum corrections

Use of a variational principle for the study of supersymmetric models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krasnikov, N.V.

1985-01-01

A variational principle is used for study of the possibility of spontaneous symmetry breaking. It is shown that if supersymmetry in the generalized Wess-Zumino model is not broken at the classical level, taking account of quantum corrections also does not lead to symmetry breaking

The thermodynamic limit and the finite-size behaviour of the fundamental Sp(2N) spin chain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martins, M.J.

2002-01-01

This paper is concerned with the study of the fundamental integrable Sp(2N) spin chain. The Bethe ansatz equations are solved by special string structure which allows us to determine the bulk limit properties. We present evidences that the critical properties of the system are governed by the product of N c=1 conformal field theories and therefore different from that of the Sp(2N) Wess-Zumino-Witten theory. We argue that many of our findings can be generalized to include anisotropic symplectic spin chains. The possible relevance of our results to the physics of the spin-orbital spin chains are also discussed

Duality and quantum groups

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alvarez-Gaume, L.; Gomez, C.; Sierra, G.

1990-01-01

We show that the duality properties of Rational Conformal Field Theories follow from the defining relations and the representation theory of quantum groups. The fusion and braiding matrices are q-analogues of the 6j-symbols and the modular transformation matrices are obtained from the properties of the co-multiplication. We study in detail the Wess-Zumino-Witten models and the rational gaussian models as examples, but carry out the arguments in general. We point out the connections with the Chern-Simons approach. We give general arguments of why the general solution to the polynomial equations of Moore and Seiberg describing the duality properties of Rational Conformal Field Theories defines a Quantum Group acting on the space of conformal blocks. A direct connection between Rational Theories and knot invariants is also presented along the lines of Jones' original work. (orig.)

Introduction to anomalies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alvarez-Gaume, L.

1986-01-01

These lectures are dedicated to the study of the recent progress and implications of anomalies in quantum field theory. In this introduction the author recapitulates some of the highlights in the history of the subject. The outline of these lectures is as follows: Section II contains a quick review of spinors in Euclidean and Minkowski space, some other group theory results relevant for the computation of anomalies in various dimensions, and an exposition of the index theorem. Section III starts the analysis of fermion determinants and chiral effective actions by deriving the non-Abelian anomaly from index theory. Using the results of Section II, the anomaly cancellation recently discovered by Green and Schwarz will be presented in Section IV as well as the connection of these results of Section III with the descent equations and the Wess-Zumino-Witten Lagrangians. Section V contains the generalization of anomalies to σ-models and some of its application in string theory. Section VI will deal with the anomalies from the Hamiltonian point of view. An exact formula for the imaginary part of the effective action for chiral fermions in the presence of arbitrary external gauge and gravitational fields will be derived in Section VII, and used in Section VIII for the study of global anomalies. 85 references

Functional renormalisation group equations for supersymmetric field theories

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Synatschke-Czerwonka, Franziska

2011-01-11

This work is organised as follows: In chapter 2 the basic facts of quantum field theory are collected and the functional renormalisation group equations are derived. Chapter 3 gives a short introduction to the main concepts of supersymmetry that are used in the subsequent chapters. In chapter 4 the functional RG is employed for a study of supersymmetric quantum mechanics, a supersymmetric model which are studied intensively in the literature. A lot of results have previously been obtained with different methods and we compare these to the ones from the FRG. We investigate the N=1 Wess-Zumino model in two dimensions in chapter 5. This model shows spontaneous supersymmetry breaking and an interesting fixed-point structure. Chapter 6 deals with the three dimensional N=1 Wess-Zumino model. Here we discuss the zero temperature case as well as the behaviour at finite temperature. Moreover, this model shows spontaneous supersymmetry breaking, too. In chapter 7 the two-dimensional N=(2,2) Wess-Zumino model is investigated. For the superpotential a non-renormalisation theorem holds and thus guarantees that the model is finite. This allows for a direct comparison with results from lattice simulations. (orig.)

Heterotic sigma models and non-linear strings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hull, C.M.

1986-01-01

The two-dimensional supersymmetric non-linear sigma models are examined with respect to the heterotic string. The paper was presented at the workshop on :Supersymmetry and its applications', Cambridge, United Kingdom, 1985. The non-linear sigma model with Wess-Zumino-type term, the coupling of the fermionic superfields to the sigma model, super-conformal invariance, and the supersymmetric string, are all discussed. (U.K.)

Noncommutative gauge theories and Kontsevich's formality theorem

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jurco, B.; Schupp, P.; Wess, J.

2001-01-01

The equivalence of star products that arise from the background field with and without fluctuations and Kontsevich's formality theorem allow an explicitly construction of a map that relates ordinary gauge theory and noncommutative gauge theory (Seiberg-Witten map.) Using noncommutative extra dimensions the construction is extended to noncommutative nonabelian gauge theory for arbitrary gauge groups; as a byproduct we obtain a 'Mini Seiberg-Witten map' that explicitly relates ordinary abelian and nonabelian gauge fields. All constructions are also valid for non-constant B-field, and even more generally for any Poisson tensor

Lectures on tensor categories and modular functors

CERN Document Server

Bakalov, Bojko

2000-01-01

This book gives an exposition of the relations among the following three topics: monoidal tensor categories (such as a category of representations of a quantum group), 3-dimensional topological quantum field theory, and 2-dimensional modular functors (which naturally arise in 2-dimensional conformal field theory). The following examples are discussed in detail: the category of representations of a quantum group at a root of unity and the Wess-Zumino-Witten modular functor. The idea that these topics are related first appeared in the physics literature in the study of quantum field theory. Pioneering works of Witten and Moore-Seiberg triggered an avalanche of papers, both physical and mathematical, exploring various aspects of these relations. Upon preparing to lecture on the topic at MIT, however, the authors discovered that the existing literature was difficult and that there were gaps to fill. The text is wholly expository and finely succinct. It gathers results, fills existing gaps, and simplifies some pro...

Schubert calculus and threshold polynomials of affine fusion

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Irvine, S.E.; Walton, M.A.

2000-01-01

We show how the threshold level of affine fusion, the fusion of Wess-Zumino-Witten (WZW) conformal field theories, fits into the Schubert calculus introduced by Gepner. The Pieri rule can be modified in a simple way to include the threshold level, so that calculations may be done for all (non-negative integer) levels at once. With the usual Giambelli formula, the modified Pieri formula deforms the tensor product coefficients (and the fusion coefficients) into what we call threshold polynomials. We compare them with the q-deformed tensor product coefficients and fusion coefficients that are related to q-deformed weight multiplicities. We also discuss the meaning of the threshold level in the context of paths on graphs

The quantum poisson-Lie T-duality and mirror symmetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Parkhomenko, S.E.

1999-01-01

Poisson-Lie T-duality in quantum N=2 superconformal Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten models is considered. The Poisson-Lie T-duality transformation rules of the super-Kac-Moody algebra currents are found from the conjecture that, as in the classical case, the quantum Poisson-Lie T-duality transformation is given by an automorphism which interchanges the isotropic subalgebras of the underlying Manin triple in one of the chirality sectors of the model. It is shown that quantum Poisson-Lie T-duality acts on the N=2 super-Virasoro algebra generators of the quantum models as a mirror symmetry acts: in one of the chirality sectors it is a trivial transformation while in another chirality sector it changes the sign of the U(1) current and interchanges the spin-3/2 currents. A generalization of Poisson-Lie T-duality for the quantum Kazama-Suzuki models is proposed. It is shown that quantum Poisson-Lie T-duality acts in these models as a mirror symmetry also

Vector supersymmetric multiplets in two dimensions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khattab, Mohammad

1990-01-01

Author.The invariance of both, N=1 supersymmetric yang-Mills theory and N-1 supersymmetric off-shell Wess-Zumino model in four dimensions is proved. Dimensional reduction is then applied to obtain super Yang-Mills theory with extended supersymmetry, N=2, in two dimensions. The resulting theory is then truncated to N=1 super Yang-Mills and with further truncation, N=1/2 supersymmetry is shown to be possible. Then, using the duality transformations, we find the off-shell supersymmetry algebra is closed and that the auxiliary fields are replaced by four-rank antisymmetric tensors with Gauge symmetry. Finally, the mechanism of dimensional reduction is then applied to obtain N=2 extended off-shell supersymmetric model with two gauge vector fields

Modular constraints on conformal field theories with currents

Science.gov (United States)

Bae, Jin-Beom; Lee, Sungjay; Song, Jaewon

2017-12-01

We study constraints coming from the modular invariance of the partition function of two-dimensional conformal field theories. We constrain the spectrum of CFTs in the presence of holomorphic and anti-holomorphic currents using the semi-definite programming. In particular, we find the bounds on the twist gap for the non-current primaries depend dramatically on the presence of holomorphic currents, showing numerous kinks and peaks. Various rational CFTs are realized at the numerical boundary of the twist gap, saturating the upper limits on the degeneracies. Such theories include Wess-Zumino-Witten models for the Deligne's exceptional series, the Monster CFT and the Baby Monster CFT. We also study modular constraints imposed by W -algebras of various type and observe that the bounds on the gap depend on the choice of W -algebra in the small central charge region.

Spin, statistics, and geometry of random walks

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jaroszewicz, T.; Kurzepa, P.S.

1991-01-01

The authors develop and unify two complementary descriptions of propagation of spinning particles: the directed random walk representation and the spin factor approach. Working in an arbitrary number of dimensions D, they first represent the Dirac propagator in terms of a directed random walk. They then derive the general and explicit form of the gauge connection describing parallel transport of spin and investigate the resulting quantum-mechanical problem of a particle moving on a sphere in the field of a nonabelian SO(D-1) monopole. This construction, generalizing Polyakov's results, enables them to prove the equivalence of the random walk and path-integral (spin factor) representation. As an alternative, they construct and discuss various Wess-Zumino-Witten forms of the spin factor. They clarify the role played by the coupling between the particle's spin and translational degrees of freedom in establishing the geometrical properties of particle's paths in spacetime. To this end, they carefully define and evaluate Hausdorff dimensions of bosonic and fermionic sample paths, in the covariant as well as nonrelativistic formulations. Finally, as an application of the developed formalism, they give an intuitive spacetime interpretation of chiral anomalies in terms of the geometry of fermion trajectories

Sigma models on supercosets

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mitev, Vladimir

2010-08-15

The purpose of this thesis is to deepen our understanding of the fundamental properties and defining features of non-linear sigma models on superspaces. We begin by presenting the major concepts that we have used in our investigation, namely Lie superalgebras and supergroups, non-linear sigma models and two dimensional conformal field theory. We then exhibit a method, called cohomological reduction, that makes use of the target space supersymmetry of non-linear sigma models to compute certain correlation functions. We then show how the target space supersymmetry of Ricci flat Lie supergroups simplifies the perturbation theory of suitable deformed Wess-Zumino-Witten models, making it possible to compute boundary conformal weights to all orders. This is then applied to the OSP (2S+2 vertical stroke 2S) Gross-Neveu Model, leading to a dual description in terms of the sigma model on the supersphere S{sup 2S+1} {sup vertical} {sup stroke} {sup 2S}. With this results in mind, we then turn to the similar, yet more intricate, theory of the non-linear sigma model on the complex projective superspaces CP{sup N-1} {sup vertical} {sup stroke} {sup N}. The cohomological reduction allows us to compute several important quantities non-perturbatively with the help of the system of symplectic fermions. Combining this with partial perturbative results for the whole theory, together with numerical computations, we propose a conjecture for the exact evolution of boundary conformal weights for symmetry preserving boundary conditions. (orig.)

Sigma models on supercosets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mitev, Vladimir

2010-08-01

The purpose of this thesis is to deepen our understanding of the fundamental properties and defining features of non-linear sigma models on superspaces. We begin by presenting the major concepts that we have used in our investigation, namely Lie superalgebras and supergroups, non-linear sigma models and two dimensional conformal field theory. We then exhibit a method, called cohomological reduction, that makes use of the target space supersymmetry of non-linear sigma models to compute certain correlation functions. We then show how the target space supersymmetry of Ricci flat Lie supergroups simplifies the perturbation theory of suitable deformed Wess-Zumino-Witten models, making it possible to compute boundary conformal weights to all orders. This is then applied to the OSP (2S+2 vertical stroke 2S) Gross-Neveu Model, leading to a dual description in terms of the sigma model on the supersphere S 2S+1 vertical stroke 2S . With this results in mind, we then turn to the similar, yet more intricate, theory of the non-linear sigma model on the complex projective superspaces CP N-1 vertical stroke N . The cohomological reduction allows us to compute several important quantities non-perturbatively with the help of the system of symplectic fermions. Combining this with partial perturbative results for the whole theory, together with numerical computations, we propose a conjecture for the exact evolution of boundary conformal weights for symmetry preserving boundary conditions. (orig.)

Dispersive and damping properties of supersymmetric sound. 1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lebedev, V.V.; Smilga, A.V.

1988-01-01

It is shown that a supersymmetric medium at nonzero temperature possesses necessarily the massless fermionic collective excitation which we call phonino. Its appearance is due to the spontaneous SUSY breaking at T ≠ and is as general as the appearance of the sound. The phase velocity of phonino is C=P/E where P is the pressure and E is the energy density of the medium. The Wess-Zumino model is studied in detail. In the case of small temperature, T 2 , where g<<1 is the coupling constant, and small. The gauge supersymmetric theories are also discussed

General mirror pairs for gauged linear sigma models

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aspinwall, Paul S.; Plesser, M. Ronen [Departments of Mathematics and Physics, Duke University,Box 90320, Durham, NC 27708-0320 (United States)

2015-11-05

We carefully analyze the conditions for an abelian gauged linear σ-model to exhibit nontrivial IR behavior described by a nonsingular superconformal field theory determining a superstring vacuum. This is done without reference to a geometric phase, by associating singular behavior to a noncompact space of (semi-)classical vacua. We find that models determined by reflexive combinatorial data are nonsingular for generic values of their parameters. This condition has the pleasant feature that the mirror of a nonsingular gauged linear σ-model is another such model, but it is clearly too strong and we provide an example of a non-reflexive mirror pair. We discuss a weaker condition inspired by considering extremal transitions, which is also mirror symmetric and which we conjecture to be sufficient. We apply these ideas to extremal transitions and to understanding the way in which both Berglund-Hübsch mirror symmetry and the Vafa-Witten mirror orbifold with discrete torsion can be seen as special cases of the general combinatorial duality of gauged linear σ-models. In the former case we encounter an example showing that our weaker condition is still not necessary.

General mirror pairs for gauged linear sigma models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aspinwall, Paul S.; Plesser, M. Ronen

2015-01-01

We carefully analyze the conditions for an abelian gauged linear σ-model to exhibit nontrivial IR behavior described by a nonsingular superconformal field theory determining a superstring vacuum. This is done without reference to a geometric phase, by associating singular behavior to a noncompact space of (semi-)classical vacua. We find that models determined by reflexive combinatorial data are nonsingular for generic values of their parameters. This condition has the pleasant feature that the mirror of a nonsingular gauged linear σ-model is another such model, but it is clearly too strong and we provide an example of a non-reflexive mirror pair. We discuss a weaker condition inspired by considering extremal transitions, which is also mirror symmetric and which we conjecture to be sufficient. We apply these ideas to extremal transitions and to understanding the way in which both Berglund-Hübsch mirror symmetry and the Vafa-Witten mirror orbifold with discrete torsion can be seen as special cases of the general combinatorial duality of gauged linear σ-models. In the former case we encounter an example showing that our weaker condition is still not necessary.

On the covariantization of the Chiral constraints

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wotzasek, Clovis; Abreu, E.M.C. de; Neves, C.

1994-01-01

We show that a complete covariantization of the chiral constraint in the Floreanini-Jackiw necessitates an infinite number of auxiliary Wess-Zumino fields otherwise the covariantization is only partial and unable to remove the nonlocality in the chiral boson operator. We comment on recent works that claim to obtain covariantization through the use of Batalin-Fradklin-Tyutin method, that uses just one Wess-Zumino field. (author)

$W_\\infty$ Algebras, Hawking Radiation and Information Retention by Stringy Black Holes

CERN Document Server

Ellis, John; Nanopoulos, Dimitri V

2016-01-01

We have argued previously, based on the analysis of two-dimensional stringy black holes, that information in stringy versions of four-dimensional Schwarzschild black holes (whose singular regions are represented by appropriate Wess-Zumino-Witten models) is retained by quantum $W$-symmetries when the horizon area is not preserved due to Hawking radiation. It is key that the exactly-marginal conformal world-sheet operator representing a massless stringy particle interacting with the black hole requires a contribution from $W_\\infty$ generators in its vertex function. The latter correspond to delocalised, non-propagating, string excitations that guarantee the transfer of information between the string black hole and external particles. When infalling matter crosses the horizon, these topological states are excited via a process: (Stringy black hole) + infalling matter $\\rightarrow $ (Stringy black hole)$^\\star$, where the black hole is viewed as a stringy state with a specific configuration of $W_\\infty$ charges...

Enveloping algebra-valued gauge transformations for non-abelian gauge groups on non-commutative spaces

Science.gov (United States)

Jurco, B.; Schraml, S.; Schupp, P.; Wess, J.

2000-11-01

An enveloping algebra-valued gauge field is constructed, its components are functions of the Lie algebra-valued gauge field and can be constructed with the Seiberg-Witten map. This allows the formulation of a dynamics for a finite number of gauge field components on non-commutative spaces.

On bidimensional Lagrangian conformal models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lazzarini, S.

1990-04-01

The main topic of this thesis is the study of Conformal Field Theories defined on an arbitrary compact Riemann surface without boundary. The Beltrami parametrization of complexe structures endowing such a surface provides a local bidimensional diffeomorphism invariance of the theory and the holomorphic factorization. The perturbative quantization a la Feynman is then constrained by local factorized Ward identities. The renormalization is analysed in the Esptein-Glaser scheme. A first part deals with the simplest free field models where one checks the interesting conjecture that renormalized perturbative expansions could be resumed by a Polyakov's formula which is a Wess-Zumino action for the diffeomorphism anomaly. For a higher genus surface, only a differential version is proposed. The second part of this thesis is devoted to the characterization of some observables of the free bosonic string in the corresponding gauge theory with the aid of the nilpotent Slavnov s-operator. It is conjectured that part of the observables of this theory is labelled by the local cohomology of s modulo d and corresponds to the vertex operators, as it is verified for the tachyon vertex in the conformal gauge [fr

Enveloping algebra-valued gauge transformations for non-abelian gauge groups on non-commutative spaces

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jurco, B.; Schraml, S.; Wess, J.; Schupp, P.

2000-01-01

An enveloping algebra-valued gauge field is constructed, its components are functions of the Lie algebra-valued gauge field and can be constructed with the Seiberg-Witten map. This allows the formulation of a dynamics for a finite number of gauge field components on non-commutative spaces. (orig.)

Enveloping algebra-valued gauge transformations for non-abelian gauge groups on non-commutative spaces

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jurco, B. [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Mathematik, Bonn (Germany); Schraml, S.; Wess, J. [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Physik, Foehringer Ring 6, 80805 Muenchen (Germany); Sektion Physik, Universitaet Muenchen, Theresienstrasse 37, 80333 Muenchen (Germany); Schupp, P. [Sektion Physik, Universitaet Muenchen, Theresienstrasse 37, 80333 Muenchen (Germany)

2000-11-01

An enveloping algebra-valued gauge field is constructed, its components are functions of the Lie algebra-valued gauge field and can be constructed with the Seiberg-Witten map. This allows the formulation of a dynamics for a finite number of gauge field components on non-commutative spaces. (orig.)

Large Nc from Seiberg–Witten curve and localization

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge G. Russo

2015-09-01

Full Text Available When N=2 gauge theories are compactified on S4, the large Nc limit then selects a unique vacuum of the theory determined by saddle-point equations, which remains determined even in the flat-theory limit. We show that exactly the same equations can be reproduced purely from Seiberg–Witten theory, describing a vacuum where magnetically charged particles become massless, and corresponding to a specific degenerating limit of the Seiberg–Witten spectral curve where 2Nc−2 branch points join pairwise giving aDn=0, n=1,…,Nc−1. We consider the specific case of N=2 SU(Nc SQCD coupled with 2Nf massive fundamental flavors. We show that the theory exhibits a quantum phase transition where the critical point describes a particular Argyres–Douglas point of the Riemann surface.

Two-dimensional gauge dynamics and the topology of singular determinantal varieties

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wong, Kenny [Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics,Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge,Cambridge, CB3 0WA (United Kingdom)

2017-03-27

We record an observation about the Witten indices in two families of gauged linear sigma models: the U(2) model for linear sections of Grassmannians, and the U(1) model for quadric complete intersections. We describe how the Witten indices are related to the Euler characteristics of the singular skew-symmetric or symmetric determinantal varieties featuring in the analysis of their opposite phases, and we discuss the extent to which these relationships can be reconciled with standard Born-Oppenheimer arguments.

Current algebra and differential geometry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alekseev, Anton; Strobl, Thomas

2005-01-01

We show that symmetries and gauge symmetries of a large class of 2-dimensional sigma models are described by a new type of a current algebra. The currents are labeled by pairs of a vector field and a 1-form on the target space of the sigma model. We compute the current-current commutator and analyse the anomaly cancellation condition, which can be interpreted geometrically in terms of Dirac structures, previously studied in the mathematical literature. Generalized complex structures correspond to decompositions of the current algebra into pairs of anomaly free subalgebras. Sigma models that we can treat with our method include both physical and topological examples, with and without Wess-Zumino type terms. (author)

Theoretical high-energy physics. Progress report, 1 January-31 December 1985

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Feldman, D.; Fried, H.M.; Jevicki, A.; Kang, K.; Tan, C.I.

1985-01-01

This year's research has dealt with: one-loop structure of spontaneously broken gauge theories and the contraction of symmetry groups; continuum strong coupling approximations by infrared extraction; methods of approximating ordered exponentials; field theoretic methods for viscous Navier-Stokes fluid flow; discretization method to quantum gravity and string field theory; skyrmions and solitons in field theory; nonlinear sigma-models with Wess-Zumino type terms; a variety of grand unification models and family unification in grand unified theories; composite fermions; axions in superstring models; cosmological constraint on heavy particles; axion emissions in astrophysicial systems; calculability of flavor-mixings; a field theoretic understanding of the quantum Hall effect including scaling of effective theta-parameter for non-axionic explanation of strong CP invariance; correlation decay theorem at high temperature; axial anomaly in chirally invariant nonlocal lattice gauge theories; axial anomaly and index theorem for manifolds with boundary; nonperturbative aspect of lattice gauge theories; lattice QCD in large N limit; quantum fluctuations of matter fields; and pregeometric quantum lattice. 40 refs

Solitons, τ-functions and hamiltonian reduction for non-Abelian conformal affine Toda theories

Science.gov (United States)

Ferreira, L. A.; Miramontes, J. Luis; Guillén, Joaquín Sánchez

1995-02-01

We consider the Hamiltonian reduction of the "two-loop" Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten model (WZNW) based on an untwisted affine Kac-Moody algebra G. The resulting reduced models, called Generalized Non-Abelian Conformal Affine Toda (G-CAT), are conformally invariant and a wide class of them possesses soliton solutions; these models constitute non-Abelian generalizations of the conformal affine Toda models. Their general solution is constructed by the Leznov-Saveliev method. Moreover, the dressing transformations leading to the solutions in the orbit of the vacuum are considered in detail, as well as the τ-functions, which are defined for any integrable highest weight representation of G, irrespectively of its particular realization. When the conformal symmetry is spontaneously broken, the G-CAT model becomes a generalized affine Toda model, whose soliton solutions are constructed. Their masses are obtained exploring the spontaneous breakdown of the conformal symmetry, and their relation to the fundamental particle masses is discussed. We also introduce what we call the two-loop Virasoro algebra, describing extended symmetries of the two-loop WZNW models.

Boundary value problems for the 2nd-order Seiberg-Witten equations

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Celso Melchiades Doria

2005-02-01

Full Text Available It is shown that the nonhomogeneous Dirichlet and Neuman problems for the 2nd-order Seiberg-Witten equation on a compact 4-manifold X admit a regular solution once the nonhomogeneous Palais-Smale condition ℋ is satisfied. The approach consists in applying the elliptic techniques to the variational setting of the Seiberg-Witten equation. The gauge invariance of the functional allows to restrict the problem to the Coulomb subspace 𝒞αℭ of configuration space. The coercivity of the 𝒮𝒲α-functional, when restricted into the Coulomb subspace, imply the existence of a weak solution. The regularity then follows from the boundedness of L∞-norms of spinor solutions and the gauge fixing lemma.

Supersymmetric regulators and supercurrent anomalies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Majumdar, P.; Poggio, E.C.; Schnitzer, H.J.

1980-01-01

The supercurrent anomalies of the supercurrent deltasub(μ) of the supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in Wess-Zumino gauge are computed using the supersymmetric dimensional regulator of Siegel. It is shown that γsub(μ)deltasup(μ) = 0 and deltasub(μ)deltasup(μ) unequal 0 in agreement with an earlier calculation based on the Adler-Rosenberg method. The problem of exhibiting the chiral anomaly and a regulator for local supersymmetry suggests that the interpretation of dimensional reduction in component language is incomplete. (orig.)

Nonabelian Gauged Linear Sigma Model

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Yongbin RUAN

2017-01-01

The gauged linear sigma model (GLSM for short) is a 2d quantum field theory introduced by Witten twenty years ago.Since then,it has been investigated extensively in physics by Hori and others.Recently,an algebro-geometric theory (for both abelian and nonabelian GLSMs) was developed by the author and his collaborators so that he can start to rigorously compute its invariants and check against physical predications.The abelian GLSM was relatively better understood and is the focus of current mathematical investigation.In this article,the author would like to look over the horizon and consider the nonabelian GLSM.The nonabelian case possesses some new features unavailable to the abelian GLSM.To aid the future mathematical development,the author surveys some of the key problems inspired by physics in the nonabelian GLSM.

Calculation of the fermionic determinant in the Schwinger model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dias, S.A.; Linhares, C.A.

1991-01-01

We compute explicitly the fermionic determinant and the effective action for the generalized Schwinger model in two dimensions and compare it with respective results for the particular cases of the Schwinger, chiral Schwinger and axial Schwinger models. The parameters that signal the ambiguity in the regularization scheme fo the determinant are introduced through the point-splitting method. The Wess-Zumino functional is also obtained and compared with the known expressions for the above-mentioned particular cases. (author)

A case study in finite groups

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bauer, M.; Itzykson, C.

1990-01-01

Recent investigations on the classification of rational conformal theories have suggested relations with finite groups. It is not known at present if this is more than a happy coincidence in simple cases or possibly some more profound link exploiting the analogy between fusion rules and decompositions of tensor products of group representations or even in a more abstract context q-deformations of Lie algebras for roots of unity. Although finite group theory is a very elaborate subject the authors review on a slightly non-trivial example some of its numerous aspects, in particular those related to rings of invariants. The hope was to grasp, if possible, some properties which stand a chance of being related to conformal theories. Subgroups of SU(2) were found to be related to the A-D-E classification of Wess-Zumino-Witten models based on the corresponding affine Lie algebra. Extending the investigations to SU(3) the authors have picked one of its classical subgroups as a candidate of interest

Decoupling of degenerate positive-norm states in Witten's string field theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kao, Hsien-Chung; Lee, Jen-Chi

2003-01-01

We show that the degenerate positive-norm physical propagating fields of the open bosonic string can be gauged to the higher rank fields at the same mass level. As a result, their scattering amplitudes can be determined from those of the higher spin fields. This phenomenon arises from the existence of two types of zero-norm states with the same Young representations as those of the degenerate positive-norm states in the old covariant first quantized (OCFQ) spectrum. This is demonstrated by using the lowest order gauge transformation of Witten's string field theory (WSFT) up to the fourth massive level (spin-five), and is found to be consistent with conformal field theory calculation based on the first quantized generalized sigma-model approach. In particular, on-shell conditions of zero-norm states in the OCFQ stringy gauge transformation are found to correspond, in a one-to-one manner, to the background ghost fields in off-shell gauge transformation of WSFT. The implication of decoupling of scalar modes on Sen's conjectures is also briefly discussed

The WZNW model on PSU(1, 1 vertical stroke 2)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goetz, G.

2006-10-01

According to the work of Berkovits, Vafa and Witten, the non-linear sigma model on the supergroup PSU(1,1 vertical stroke 2) is the essential building block for string theory on AdS 3 xS 3 xT 4 . Models associated with a non-vanishing value of the RR flux can be obtained through a psu(1,1 vertical stroke 2) invariant marginal deformation of the WZNW model on PSU(1,1 vertical stroke 2). We take this as a motivation to present a manifestly psu(1,1 vertical stroke 2) covariant construction of the model at the Wess-Zumino point, corresponding to a purely NSNS background 3-form flux. At this point the model possesses an enhanced psu(1,1 vertical stroke 2) current algebra symmetry whose representation theory, including explicit character formulas, is developed systematically in the first part of the paper. The space of vertex operators and a free fermion representation for their correlation functions is our main subject in the second part. Contrary to a widespread claim, bosonic and fermionic fields are necessarily coupled to each other. The interaction changes the supersymmetry transformations, with drastic consequences for the multiplets of localized normalizable states in the model. It is only this fact which allows us to decompose the full state space into multiplets of the global supersymmetry. We analyze these decompositions systematically as a preparation for a forthcoming study of the RR deformation. (orig.)

The WZNW model on PSU(1, 1 vertical stroke 2)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goetz, G. [CEA Centre d' Etudes de Saclay, 91 - Gif-sur-Yvette (France). Service de Physique Theorique; Quella, T. [King' s College London (United Kingdom). Dept. of Mathematics]|[Amsterdam Univ. (Netherlands). KdV Institute for Mathematics; Schomerus, V. [CEA Centre d' Etudes de Saclay, 91 - Gif-sur-Yvette (France). Service de Physique Theorique]|[Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg (Germany)

2006-10-15

According to the work of Berkovits, Vafa and Witten, the non-linear sigma model on the supergroup PSU(1,1 vertical stroke 2) is the essential building block for string theory on AdS{sub 3}xS{sup 3}xT{sup 4}. Models associated with a non-vanishing value of the RR flux can be obtained through a psu(1,1 vertical stroke 2) invariant marginal deformation of the WZNW model on PSU(1,1 vertical stroke 2). We take this as a motivation to present a manifestly psu(1,1 vertical stroke 2) covariant construction of the model at the Wess-Zumino point, corresponding to a purely NSNS background 3-form flux. At this point the model possesses an enhanced psu(1,1 vertical stroke 2) current algebra symmetry whose representation theory, including explicit character formulas, is developed systematically in the first part of the paper. The space of vertex operators and a free fermion representation for their correlation functions is our main subject in the second part. Contrary to a widespread claim, bosonic and fermionic fields are necessarily coupled to each other. The interaction changes the supersymmetry transformations, with drastic consequences for the multiplets of localized normalizable states in the model. It is only this fact which allows us to decompose the full state space into multiplets of the global supersymmetry. We analyze these decompositions systematically as a preparation for a forthcoming study of the RR deformation. (orig.)

Superfield approach to calculation of effective potential in supersymmetric field theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bukhbinder, I.L.; Kuzenko, S.M.; Yarevskaya, Zh.V.

1993-01-01

Superfield method of computing effective potential in supersymmetric field theories is suggested. The one-loop effective potential of the Wess-Zumino model is found. The prescription for obtaining multi-loop corrections is described

A nonlocal model of chiral dynamics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Holdom, B.; Terning, J.; Verbeek, K.

1989-01-01

We consider a nonlocal generalization of the nonlinear σ model. Our chirally symmetric model couples quarks with self-energy Σ(p) to Goldstone bosons (GBs). By integrating out the quarks we obtain a chiral lagrangian, the parameters of which are finite integrals of Σ(p). We find that chiral symmetry is not sufficient to derive the well-known Pagels-Stokar formula for the GB decay constant. We reproduce the Wess-Zumino term and we illustrate the dependence of other four derivative coefficients on Σ(p). (orig.)

Gauge theory and the topology of four-manifolds

CERN Document Server

Friedman, Robert Marc

1998-01-01

The lectures in this volume provide a perspective on how 4-manifold theory was studied before the discovery of modern-day Seiberg-Witten theory. One reason the progress using the Seiberg-Witten invariants was so spectacular was that those studying SU(2)-gauge theory had more than ten years' experience with the subject. The tools had been honed, the correct questions formulated, and the basic strategies well understood. The knowledge immediately bore fruit in the technically simpler environment of the Seiberg-Witten theory. Gauge theory long predates Donaldson's applications of the subject to 4-manifold topology, where the central concern was the geometry of the moduli space. One reason for the interest in this study is the connection between the gauge theory moduli spaces of a Kähler manifold and the algebro-geometric moduli space of stable holomorphic bundles over the manifold. The extra geometric richness of the SU(2)-moduli spaces may one day be important for purposes beyond the algebraic invariants that ...

On heterotic supermanifolds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Randjbar-Daemi, S.; Salam, A.; Strathdee, J.

1988-08-01

The geometry of heterotic supermanifolds is discussed with particular reference to patching conditions and gauge fixing. Superfield formalism is used and the associated torsion constraints are solved explicitly in an arbitrary gauge, that is without imposing gauge conditions. Finite gauge transformations are constructed. The structure group associated with Wess-Zumino type gauges is obtained and is reduced by further refinements of the gauge conditions up to the stage at which the standard description of the super Riemann surface is recovered. It is shown that any invariant functional of the super 3-bein can depend only on a finite number of parameters, i.e. the moduli and super moduli. Chiral superfields and the structure of action functionals are discussed and, finally the integration measure in supermoduli space is derived by an application of the Faddeev-Popov prescription. (author). 15 refs

Quaternionic Kaehler and hyperkaehler manifolds with torsion and twistor spaces

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ivanov, Stefan; Minchev, Ivan

2001-12-01

The target space of a (4,0) supersymmetric two-dimensional sigma model with Wess-Zumino term has a connection with totally skew-symmetric torsion and holonomy contained in Sp(n)Sp(l) (resp. Sp(n)), QKT (resp. HKT)-spaces. We study the geometry of QKT, HKT manifold and their twistor spaces. We show that the Swann bundle of a QKT manifold admits a HKT structure with special symmetry if and only if the twistor space of the QKT manifold admits an almost hermitian structure with totally skew-symmetric Nijenhuis tensor, thus connecting two structures arising from quantum field theories and supersymmetric sigma models with Wess- Zumino term. We discovered that a HKT manifold has always co-closed Lee form. Applying this property to compact HKT manifold we get information about the plurigenera. (author)

Canonical formulation of IIB D-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kamimura, K.

1998-01-01

We find Wess-Zumino actions for kappa invariant type IIB D-branes in explicit forms. A simple and compact expression is obtained by the use of spinor variables which are defined as power series of differential forms. Using the Wess-Zumino actions we develop the canonical formulation and find the complete set of the constraint equations for generic type IIB Dp-branes. The conserved global supersymmetry charges are determined and the algebra containing the central charges can be obtained explicitly. (orig.)

Minimal Gromov-Witten rings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Przyjalkowski, V V

2008-01-01

We construct an abstract theory of Gromov-Witten invariants of genus 0 for quantum minimal Fano varieties (a minimal class of varieties which is natural from the quantum cohomological viewpoint). Namely, we consider the minimal Gromov-Witten ring: a commutative algebra whose generators and relations are of the form used in the Gromov-Witten theory of Fano varieties (of unspecified dimension). The Gromov-Witten theory of any quantum minimal variety is a homomorphism from this ring to C. We prove an abstract reconstruction theorem which says that this ring is isomorphic to the free commutative ring generated by 'prime two-pointed invariants'. We also find solutions of the differential equation of type DN for a Fano variety of dimension N in terms of the generating series of one-pointed Gromov-Witten invariants

Noncommutative Schur polynomials and the crystal limit of the U_{q} \\widehat{\\mathfrak {sl}}(2)-vertex model

Science.gov (United States)

Korff, Christian

2010-10-01

Starting from the Verma module of U_{q}\\mathfrak {sl}(2) we consider the evaluation module for affine U_{q}\\widehat{\\mathfrak {sl}}(2) and discuss its crystal limit (q → 0). There exists an associated integrable statistical mechanics model on a square lattice defined in terms of vertex configurations. Its transfer matrix is the generating function for noncommutative complete symmetric polynomials in the generators of the affine plactic algebra, an extension of the finite plactic algebra first discussed by Lascoux and Schützenberger. The corresponding noncommutative elementary symmetric polynomials were recently shown to be generated by the transfer matrix of the so-called phase model discussed by Bogoliubov, Izergin and Kitanine. Here we establish that both generating functions satisfy Baxter's TQ-equation in the crystal limit by tying them to special U_{q}\\widehat{ \\mathfrak {sl}}(2) solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation. The TQ-equation amounts to the well-known Jacobi-Trudi formula leading naturally to the definition of noncommutative Schur polynomials. The latter can be employed to define a ring which has applications in conformal field theory and enumerative geometry: it is isomorphic to the fusion ring of the \\widehat{\\mathfrak {sl}}(n)_{k} Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten model whose structure constants are the dimensions of spaces of generalized θ-functions over the Riemann sphere with three punctures.

Noncommutative gauge theory for Poisson manifolds

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jurco, Branislav E-mail: jurco@mpim-bonn.mpg.de; Schupp, Peter E-mail: schupp@theorie.physik.uni-muenchen.de; Wess, Julius E-mail: wess@theorie.physik.uni-muenchen.de

2000-09-25

A noncommutative gauge theory is associated to every Abelian gauge theory on a Poisson manifold. The semi-classical and full quantum version of the map from the ordinary gauge theory to the noncommutative gauge theory (Seiberg-Witten map) is given explicitly to all orders for any Poisson manifold in the Abelian case. In the quantum case the construction is based on Kontsevich's formality theorem.

Noncommutative gauge theory for Poisson manifolds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jurco, Branislav; Schupp, Peter; Wess, Julius

2000-01-01

A noncommutative gauge theory is associated to every Abelian gauge theory on a Poisson manifold. The semi-classical and full quantum version of the map from the ordinary gauge theory to the noncommutative gauge theory (Seiberg-Witten map) is given explicitly to all orders for any Poisson manifold in the Abelian case. In the quantum case the construction is based on Kontsevich's formality theorem

Continuum limit of gl(M vertical stroke N) spin chains

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Candu, Constantin

2011-03-01

We study the spectrum of an integrable antiferromagnetic Hamiltonian of the gl(M vertical stroke N) spin chain of alternating fundamental and dual representations. After extensive numerical analysis, we identify the vacuum and low lying excitations and with this knowledge perform the continuum limit, while keeping a finite gap. All antiferromagnetic gl(n+N vertical stroke N) spin chains with n>0 and N≠0 are shown to possess in the continuum limit 2n-2 multiplets of massive particles which scatter with gl(n) Gross-Neveu like S-matrices, namely their eigenvalues do not depend on N. We argue that the continuum theory is the gl(M vertical stroke N) Gross-Neveu model, that is the massive deformation of the gl(M vertical stroke N) 1 Wess-Zumino-Witten model. As we can see ion the example of gl(2m vertical stroke 1) spin chains, the full particle spectrum is much richer. Our analysis suggests that for a complete characterization of the latter it is not enough to restrict to large volume calculations, as we do in this work. (orig.)

Topological objects in hadron physics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rho, M.

1988-01-01

The notion of topological objects in hadronic physics is discussed, with emphasis on the role of the Wess-Zumino term and induced transmutation of quantum numbers in chiral bag models. Some applications to nuclear systems are given

Gauge dependence of the infrared behaviour of massless QED3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mitra, Indrajit; Ratabole, Raghunath; Sharatchandra, H.S.

2006-01-01

Using the Zumino identities it is shown that in a class of non-local gauges, massless QED 3 has an infrared behaviour of a conformal field theory with a continuously varying anomalous dimension of the fermion. In the usual Lorentz gauge, the fermion propagator falls off exponentially for a large separation, but this apparent fermion mass is a gauge artifact

Superspace formulation for the master equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abreu, E.M.; Braga, N.R.

1996-01-01

It is shown that the quantum master equation of the field-antifield quantization method at one-loop order can be translated into the requirement of a superfield structure for the action. The Pauli-Villars regularization is implemented in this BRST superspace and the case of anomalous gauge theories is investigated. The quantum action, including Wess-Zumino terms, shows up as one of the components of a superfield that includes the BRST anomalies in the other component. The example of W2 quantum gravity is also discussed. copyright 1996 The American Physical Society

The algebra of non-local charges in non-linear sigma models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abdalla, E.; Abdalla, M.C.B.; Brunelli, J.C.; Zadra, A.

1994-01-01

It is derived the complete Dirac algebra satisfied by non-local charges conserved in non-linear sigma models. Some examples of calculation are given for the O(N) symmetry group. The resulting algebra corresponds to a saturated cubic deformation (with only maximum order terms) of the Kac-Moody algebra. The results are generalized for when a Wess-Zumino term be present. In that case the algebra contains a minor order correction (sub-saturation). (author). 1 ref

Gauge dependence of the infrared behaviour of massless QED{sub 3}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mitra, Indrajit [Theory Group, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhan-Nagar, Kolkata 700064 (India)]. E-mail: indrajit.mitra@saha.ac.in; Ratabole, Raghunath [The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, CIT Campus, Taramani PO, Chennai 600113 (India)]. E-mail: raghu@imsc.res.in; Sharatchandra, H.S. [The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, CIT Campus, Taramani PO, Chennai 600113 (India)]. E-mail: sharat@imsc.res.in

2006-03-23

Using the Zumino identities it is shown that in a class of non-local gauges, massless QED{sub 3} has an infrared behaviour of a conformal field theory with a continuously varying anomalous dimension of the fermion. In the usual Lorentz gauge, the fermion propagator falls off exponentially for a large separation, but this apparent fermion mass is a gauge artifact.

The Seiberg-Witten equations and applications to the topology of smooth four-manifolds (MN-44)

CERN Document Server

Morgan, John W

2014-01-01

The recent introduction of the Seiberg-Witten invariants of smooth four-manifolds has revolutionized the study of those manifolds. The invariants are gauge-theoretic in nature and are close cousins of the much-studied SU(2)-invariants defined over fifteen years ago by Donaldson. On a practical level, the new invariants have proved to be more powerful and have led to a vast generalization of earlier results. This book is an introduction to the Seiberg-Witten invariants. The work begins with a review of the classical material on Spin c structures and their associated Dirac operators. Next com

Quadratic contributions of softly broken supersymmetry in the light of loop regularization

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bai, Dong [Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Beijing (China); University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Physical Sciences, Beijing (China); Wu, Yue-Liang [Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Beijing (China); International Centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific (ICTP-AP), Beijing (China); University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Physical Sciences, Beijing (China)

2017-09-15

Loop regularization (LORE) is a novel regularization scheme in modern quantum field theories. It makes no change to the spacetime structure and respects both gauge symmetries and supersymmetry. As a result, LORE should be useful in calculating loop corrections in supersymmetry phenomenology. To further demonstrate its power, in this article we revisit in the light of LORE the old issue of the absence of quadratic contributions (quadratic divergences) in softly broken supersymmetric field theories. It is shown explicitly by Feynman diagrammatic calculations that up to two loops the Wess-Zumino model with soft supersymmetry breaking terms (WZ' model), one of the simplest models with the explicit supersymmetry breaking, is free of quadratic contributions. All the quadratic contributions cancel with each other perfectly, which is consistent with results dictated by the supergraph techniques. (orig.)

Conformal anomaly and off-shell extensions of gravity

Science.gov (United States)

Meissner, Krzysztof A.; Nicolai, Hermann

2017-08-01

The gauge dependence of the conformal anomaly for spin-3/2 and spin-2 fields in nonconformal supergravities has been a long standing puzzle. In this paper we argue that the "correct" gauge choice is the one that follows from requiring all terms that would imply a violation of the Wess-Zumino consistency condition to be absent in the counterterm, because otherwise the usual link between the anomaly and the one-loop divergence becomes invalid. Remarkably, the "good" choice of gauge is the one that confirms our previous result [K. A. Meissner and H. Nicolai, Phys. Lett. B 772, 169 (2017)., 10.1016/j.physletb.2017.06.031] that a complete cancellation of conformal anomalies in D =4 can only be achieved for N -extended (Poincaré) supergravities with N ≥5 .

A relation between deformed superspace and Lee-Wick higher-derivative theories

Science.gov (United States)

Dias, M.; Ferrari, A. F.; Palechor, C. A.; Senise, C. R., Jr.

2015-07-01

We propose a non-anticommutative superspace that relates to the Lee-Wick type of higher-derivative theories, which are known for their interesting properties and have led to proposals of phenomenologically viable higher-derivative extensions of the Standard Model. The deformation of superspace we consider does not preserve supersymmetry or associativity in general, but, we show that a non-anticommutative version of the Wess-Zumino model can be properly defined. In fact, the definition of chiral and antichiral superfields turns out to be simpler in our case than in the well known N=1/2 supersymmetric case. We show that when the theory is truncated at the first nontrivial order in the deformation parameter, supersymmetry is restored, and we end up with a well-known Lee-Wick type of higher-derivative extension of the Wess-Zumino model. Thus, we show how non-anticommutativity could provide an alternative mechanism for generating these higher-derivative theories.

Density matrix renormalization group simulations of SU(N ) Heisenberg chains using standard Young tableaus: Fundamental representation and comparison with a finite-size Bethe ansatz

Science.gov (United States)

Nataf, Pierre; Mila, Frédéric

2018-04-01

We develop an efficient method to perform density matrix renormalization group simulations of the SU(N ) Heisenberg chain with open boundary conditions taking full advantage of the SU(N ) symmetry of the problem. This method is an extension of the method previously developed for exact diagonalizations and relies on a systematic use of the basis of standard Young tableaux. Concentrating on the model with the fundamental representation at each site (i.e., one particle per site in the fermionic formulation), we have benchmarked our results for the ground-state energy up to N =8 and up to 420 sites by comparing them with Bethe ansatz results on open chains, for which we have derived and solved the Bethe ansatz equations. The agreement for the ground-state energy is excellent for SU(3) (12 digits). It decreases with N , but it is still satisfactory for N =8 (six digits). Central charges c are also extracted from the entanglement entropy using the Calabrese-Cardy formula and agree with the theoretical values expected from the SU (N) 1 Wess-Zumino-Witten conformal field theories.

Conformal Gauge-Yukawa Theories away From Four Dimensions

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Codello, Alessandro; Langaeble, Kasper; Litim, Daniel

2016-01-01

We present the phase diagram and associated fixed points for a wide class of Gauge-Yukawa theories in $d=4+\\epsilon$ dimensions. The theories we investigate involve non-abelian gauge fields, fermions and scalars in the Veneziano-Witten limit. The analysis is performed in steps, we start with QCD$...

Decoupling theorem in supersymmetric theories

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Leon, J; Perez-Mercader, J; Sanchez, M F

1988-07-21

We introduce a superfield extension of Weisberger's method for decoupling calculations in multiscale field theories and generalize our previous method which does not require the computation of any Feynman diagram. We illustrate this for the two-scale Wess-Zumino model, showing explicitly how the decoupling takes place.

Topological anomalies for Seifert 3-manifolds

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Imbimbo, Camillo [Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova,Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova (Italy); INFN - Sezione di Genova,Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146, Genova (Italy); Rosa, Dario [School of Physics and Astronomy andCenter for Theoretical Physics Seoul National University,Seoul 151-747 (Korea, Republic of); Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca,I-20126 Milano (Italy); INFN - Sezione di Milano-Bicocca,I-20126 Milano (Italy)

2015-07-14

We study globally supersymmetric 3d gauge theories on curved manifolds by describing the coupling of 3d topological gauge theories, with both Yang-Mills and Chern-Simons terms in the action, to background topological gravity. In our approach, the Seifert condition for manifolds supporting global supersymmetry is elegantly deduced from the BRST transformations of topological gravity. A cohomological characterization of the geometrical moduli which affect the partition function is obtained. In the Seifert context the Chern-Simons topological (framing) anomaly is BRST trivial. We compute explicitly the corresponding local Wess-Zumino functional. As an application, we obtain the dependence on the Seifert moduli of the partition function of 3d supersymmetric gauge theory on the squashed sphere by solving the anomalous topological Ward identities, in a regularization independent way and without the need of evaluating any functional determinant.

On modular properties of the AdS3 CFT

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baron, Walter H.; Nunez, Carmen A.

2011-01-01

We study modular properties of the AdS 3 Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten model. Although the Euclidean partition function is modular invariant, the characters on the Euclidean torus diverge and the regularization proposed in the literature removes information on the spectrum and the usual one to one map between characters and representations of rational models is lost. Reconsidering the characters defined on the Lorentzian torus and focusing on their structure as distributions, we obtain expressions that recover those properties. We study their modular transformations and find a generalized S matrix, depending on the sign of the real modular parameters, which has two diagonal blocks and one off-diagonal block, mixing discrete and continuous representations, that we fully determine. We then explore the relations among the modular transformations, the fusion algebra and the boundary states. We explicitly construct Ishibashi states for the maximally symmetric D-branes and show that the generalized S matrix defines the one-point functions associated to pointlike and H 2 -branes as well as the fusion rules of the degenerate representations of sl(2,R) appearing in the open string spectrum of the pointlike D-branes, through a generalized Verlinde theorem.

Continuum limit of gl(M vertical stroke N) spin chains

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Candu, Constantin [Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg (Germany). Gruppe Theorie

2011-03-15

We study the spectrum of an integrable antiferromagnetic Hamiltonian of the gl(M vertical stroke N) spin chain of alternating fundamental and dual representations. After extensive numerical analysis, we identify the vacuum and low lying excitations and with this knowledge perform the continuum limit, while keeping a finite gap. All antiferromagnetic gl(n+N vertical stroke N) spin chains with n>0 and N{ne}0 are shown to possess in the continuum limit 2n-2 multiplets of massive particles which scatter with gl(n) Gross-Neveu like S-matrices, namely their eigenvalues do not depend on N. We argue that the continuum theory is the gl(M vertical stroke N) Gross-Neveu model, that is the massive deformation of the gl(M vertical stroke N){sub 1} Wess-Zumino-Witten model. As we can see ion the example of gl(2m vertical stroke 1) spin chains, the full particle spectrum is much richer. Our analysis suggests that for a complete characterization of the latter it is not enough to restrict to large volume calculations, as we do in this work. (orig.)

Relation between the reducibility structures and between the master actions in the Witten formulation and the Berkovits formulation of open superstring field theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Iimori, Yuki; Torii, Shingo

2015-01-01

Developing the analysis in http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/JHEP03(2014)044 [http://arxiv.org/abs/1312.1677] by the present authors et al., we clarify the relation between the Witten formulation and the Berkovits formulation of open superstring field theory at the level of the master action, namely the solution to the classical master equation in the Batalin-Vilkovisky formalism, which is the key for the path-integral quantization. We first scrutinize the reducibility structure, a detailed gauge structure containing the information about ghost string fields. Then, extending the condition for partial gauge fixing introduced in the above-mentioned paper to the sector of ghost string fields, we investigate the master action. We show that the reducibility structure and the master action under partial gauge fixing of the Berkovits formulation can be regarded as the regularized versions of those in the Witten formulation.

Branes in supergroups

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Creutzig, Thomas

2009-06-01

In this thesis we initiate a systematic study of branes in Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten models with Lie supergroup target space. We start by showing that a branes' worldvolume is a twisted superconjugacy class and construct the action of the boundary WZNW model. Then we consider symplectic fermions and give a complete description of boundary states including twisted sectors. Further we show that the GL(1 vertical stroke 1) WZNW model is equivalent to symplectic fermions plus two scalars. We then consider the GL(1 vertical stroke 1) boundary theory. Twisted and untwisted Cardy boundary states are constructed explicitly and their amplitudes are computed. In the twisted case we find a perturbative formulation of the model. For this purpose the introduction of an additional fermionic boundary degree of freedom is necessary. We compute all bulk one-point functions, bulk-boundary two-point functions and boundary three-point functions. Logarithmic singularities appear in bulk-boundary as well as pure boundary correlation functions. Finally we turn to world-sheet and target space supersymmetric models. There is N=2 superconformal symmetry in many supercosets and also in certain supergroups. In the supergroup case we find some branes that preserve the topological A-twist and some that preserve the B-twist. (orig.)

Branes in supergorups

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Creutzig, Thomas

2009-06-15

In this thesis we initiate a systematic study of branes in Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten models with Lie supergroup target space. We start by showing that a branes' worldvolume is a twisted superconjugacy class and construct the action of the boundary WZNW model. Then we consider symplectic fermions and give a complete description of boundary states including twisted sectors. Further we show that the GL(1 vertical stroke 1) WZNW model is equivalent to symplectic fermions plus two scalars. We then consider the GL(1 vertical stroke 1) boundary theory. Twisted and untwisted Cardy boundary states are constructed explicitly and their amplitudes are computed. In the twisted case we find a perturbative formulation of the model. For this purpose the introduction of an additional fermionic boundary degree of freedom is necessary. We compute all bulk one-point functions, bulk-boundary two-point functions and boundary three-point functions. Logarithmic singularities appear in bulk-boundary as well as pure boundary correlation functions. Finally we turn to world-sheet and target space supersymmetric models. There is N=2 superconformal symmetry in many supercosets and also in certain supergroups. In the supergroup case we find some branes that preserve the topological A-twist and some that preserve the B-twist. (orig.)

Branes in supergorups

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Creutzig, Thomas

2009-06-15

In this thesis we initiate a systematic study of branes in Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten models with Lie supergroup target space. We start by showing that a branes' worldvolume is a twisted superconjugacy class and construct the action of the boundary WZNW model. Then we consider symplectic fermions and give a complete description of boundary states including twisted sectors. Further we show that the GL(1 vertical stroke 1) WZNW model is equivalent to symplectic fermions plus two scalars. We then consider the GL(1 vertical stroke 1) boundary theory. Twisted and untwisted Cardy boundary states are constructed explicitly and their amplitudes are computed. In the twisted case we find a perturbative formulation of the model. For this purpose the introduction of an additional fermionic boundary degree of freedom is necessary. We compute all bulk one-point functions, bulk-boundary two-point functions and boundary three-point functions. Logarithmic singularities appear in bulk-boundary as well as pure boundary correlation functions. Finally we turn to world-sheet and target space supersymmetric models. There is N=2 superconformal symmetry in many supercosets and also in certain supergroups. In the supergroup case we find some branes that preserve the topological A-twist and some that preserve the B-twist. (orig.)

Explicit form of non-Abelian self-consistent chiral supersymmetric anomaly

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krivoshchekov, V.K.; Medvedev, P.B.; Chekhov, L.O.; AN SSSR, Leningrad. Matematicheskij Inst.)

1986-01-01

An explicit form for non-abelian supersymmetric chiral anomaly is obtained by means of invariant supersymmetric regularization representing a special type of regularization by loops. Parametrical integrals were not introduced in the calculation but simple expansion in 1/m 2 was used (Mi-regularization parameters having mass quantity). The given result represents an infinite series, that permits to carry out explicit test of the condition of agreement in a closed form. The formula naturally reproduces the component result up to the third order in the Wess-Zumino gauge. It is proved in the abelian limit that the obtained result is transformed into a polynomial of the third order by V

Introduction to supersymmetry and supergravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

West, P.

1986-01-01

This book gives views of supersymmetry and supergravity. The contents include; alternative approach to supersymmetry algebra; immediate consequences of supersymmetry algebra; Wess-Zumino model. N=1 Super QED. N=1 super Yang Mills theory and the Noether procedure; irreducible representations of supersymmetry; invariance of simple supergravity and theories of extended rigid supersymmetry

Supersymmetry and supergravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

West, P.

1986-01-01

This book presents a pedagogical introduction of supersymmetry, supergravity and string theories and deals with advanced related topics. Contents: Introduction, The Supersymmetry Algebras; Alternative Approach to the Supersymmetry Algebra; Immediate Consequences of the Supersymmetry Algebra; The Wess-Zumino Model; N = 1 Super QED; N = 1 Super Yang-Mills Theory and the Noether Procedure; Irreducible Representations of Supersymmetry; Simple Supergravity; Invariance of Simple Supergravity; Tensor Calculus of Rigid Supersymmetry; Theories of Extended Rigid Supersymmetry; Local Tensor Calculus and the Coupling of Supergravity to Matter; Superspace; Superspace Formulations of Rigid Supersymmetric Theories; Superspace Formulation of N = 1 Supergravity; N = 1 Super-Feynman Rules; Ultraviolet Properties of the Extended Rigid Supersymmetry Theories; Spontaneous Breaking of Supersymmetry and Realistic Models; Currents in Supersymmetric Theories; Two-Dimensional Supersymmetry Models; Gauge Covariant Formulation of Strings; Appendix A: An Explanation of Our Choices of Conventions; Appendix B: A List of Reviews and Books

The application of *-products to noncommutative geometry and gauge theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sykora, A.

2004-06-01

Due to the singularities arising in quantum field theory and the difficulties in quantizing gravity it is often believed that the description of spacetime by a smooth manifold should be given up at small length scales or high energies. In this work we will replace spacetime by noncommutative structures arising within the framework of deformation quantization. The ordinary product between functions will be replaced by a *-product, an associative product for the space of functions on a manifold. We develop a formalism to realize algebras defined by relations on function spaces. For this purpose we construct the Weyl-ordered *-product and present a method how to calculate *-products with the help of commuting vector fields. Concepts developed in noncommutative differential geometry will be applied to this type of algebras and we construct actions for noncommutative field theories. In the classical limit these noncommutative theories become field theories on manifolds with nonvanishing curvature. It becomes clear that the application of *-products is very fruitful to the solution of noncommutative problems. In the semiclassical limit every *-product is related to a Poisson structure, every derivation of the algebra to a vector field on the manifold. Since in this limit many problems are reduced to a couple of differential equations the *-product representation makes it possible to construct noncommutative spaces corresponding to interesting Riemannian manifolds. Derivations of *-products makes it further possible to extend noncommutative gauge theory in the Seiberg-Witten formalism with covariant derivatives. The resulting noncommutative gauge fields may be interpreted as one forms of a generalization of the exterior algebra of a manifold. For the Formality *-product we prove the existence of the abelian Seiberg-Witten map for derivations of these *-products. We calculate the enveloping algebra valued non abelian Seiberg-Witten map pertubatively up to second order for

Flux algebra, Bianchi identities and Freed-Witten anomalies in F-theory compactifications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aldazabal, G.; Camara, P.G.; Rosabal, J.A.

2009-01-01

We discuss the structure of 4D gauged supergravity algebras corresponding to globally non-geometric compactifications of F-theory, admitting a local geometric description in terms of 10D supergravity. By starting with the well-known algebra of gauge generators associated to non-geometric type IIB fluxes, we derive a full algebra containing all, closed RR and NSNS, geometric and non-geometric dual fluxes. We achieve this generalization by a systematic application of SL(2,Z) duality transformations and by taking care of the spinorial structure of the fluxes. The resulting algebra encodes much information about the higher dimensional theory. In particular, tadpole equations and Bianchi identities are obtainable as Jacobi identities of the algebra. When a sector of magnetized (p,q) 7-branes is included, certain closed axions are gauged by the U(1) transformations on the branes. We indicate how the diagonal gauge generators of the branes can be incorporated into the full algebra, and show that Freed-Witten constraints and tadpole cancellation conditions for (p,q) 7-branes can be described as Jacobi identities satisfied by the algebra mixing bulk and brane gauge generators

The background-quantum split symmetry in two-dimensional σ-models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blasi, A.; Delduc, F.; Sorella, S.P.

1989-01-01

A generic, non-linear, background-quantum split is translated into a BRS symmetry. The renormalization of the resulting Slavnov-Taylor identity is analyzed in the class of two-dimensional σ-models with Wess-Zumino term which suggests the adoption of a regularization independent method. We discuss the cohomology of the linearized nilpotent operator derived from the Slavnov-Taylor identity. In particular, the cohomology class with zero Faddeev-Popov charge ensures the stability of the action, while the fact that the cohomology class with one unit of Faddeev-Popov charge is empty ensures the absence of anomalies. (orig.)

Non-abelian bosonization in higher genus Riemann surfaces

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koh, I.G.; Yu, M.

1988-01-01

We propose a generalization of the character formulas of the SU(2) Kac-Moody algebra to higher genus Riemann surfaces. With this construction, we show that the modular invariant partition funciton of the SO(4) k = 1 Wess-Zumino model is equivalent, in arbitrary genus Riemann surfaces, to that of free fermion theory. (orig.)

Suppression of quantum tunneling for all spins for easy-axis systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khare, Avinash; Paranjape, M. B.

2011-01-01

The semiclassical limit of quantum spin systems corresponds to a dynamical Lagrangian which contains the usual kinetic energy, the couplings and interactions of the spins, and an additional, first-order kinematical term which corresponds to the Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten (WZNW) term for the spin degree of freedom. It was shown that in the case of the kinetic dynamics determined only by the WZNW term, half-odd integer spin systems show a lack of tunneling phenomena, whereas integer spin systems are subject to it in the case of potentials with easy-plane easy-axis symmetry. Here we prove for the theory with a normal quadratic kinetic term of arbitrary strength or the first-order theory with azimuthal symmetry (which is equivalently the so-called easy-axis situation), that the tunneling is in fact suppressed for all nonzero values of spin. This model exemplifies the concept that in the presence of complex Euclidean action, it is necessary to use the ensuing complex critical points in order to define the quantum (perturbation) theory. In the present example, if we do not do so, exactly the opposite, erroneous conclusion that the tunneling is unsuppressed for all spins, is reached.

Collective quantization of three-flavored Skyrmions reexamined

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cherman, Aleksey; Cohen, Thomas D.; Dulaney, Timothy R.; Lynch, Erin M.

2005-01-01

A self-consistent large N c approach is developed for the collective quantization of SU(3) flavor hedgehog solitons, such as the Skyrmion. The key to this analysis is the determination of all of the zero-modes associated with small fluctuations around the hedgehog. These are used in the conventional way to construct collective coordinates. This approach differs from previous work in that it does not implicitly assume that each static zero-mode is associated with a dynamical zero-mode. It is demonstrated explicitly in the context of the Skyrmion that there are fewer dynamical zero-modes than static ones due to the Witten-Wess-Zumino term in the action. Group-theoretic methods are employed to identify the physical states resulting from canonical quantization of the collectively rotating soliton. The collective states fall into representations of SU(3) flavor labeled by (p,q) and are given by (2J,(Nc/2)-J) where J=(1/2),(3/2),··· is the spin of the collective state. States with strangeness S>0 do not arise as collective states from this procedure; thus the θ + (pentaquark) resonance does not arise as a collective excitation in models of this type

Application to supersymmetric models of Dirac-kaehler formalism on the lattice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zimerman, A.H.

1987-01-01

Using Dirac-Kaehler techniques we formulate some supersymmetric models on the lattice. Specifically we consider the Wess-Zumino model with N=2 in two dimensions which is formulated on a space lattice in its Hamiltonian version (continuous time) as well as on the space-time lattice in its Lagrangean version (euclidean space). On the space lattice (Hamiltonian formulation) we study also the supersymmetric Yanh-Mills model with N=4 in four dimensions. After the introduction of lattice covariant derivatives for fields in the adjoint representation of a compact group we write down some new relations which we have obtained and which constitute generalizations on the lattice of those which are known in the continuous case. (author) [pt

Exact Solution of a Strongly Coupled Gauge Theory in 0 +1 Dimensions

Science.gov (United States)

Krishnan, Chethan; Kumar, K. V. Pavan

2018-05-01

Gauged tensor models are a class of strongly coupled quantum mechanical theories. We present the exact analytic solution of a specific example of such a theory: namely, the smallest colored tensor model due to Gurau and Witten that exhibits nonlinearities. We find explicit analytic expressions for the eigenvalues and eigenstates, and the former agree precisely with previous numerical results on (a subset of) eigenvalues of the ungauged theory. The physics of the spectrum, despite the smallness of N , exhibits rudimentary signatures of chaos. This Letter is a summary of our main results: the technical details will appear in companion paper [C. Krishnan and K. V. Pavan Kumar, Complete solution of a gauged tensor model, arXiv:1804.10103].

Chern-Simons matrix models, two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory and the Sutherland model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Szabo, Richard J; Tierz, Miguel

2010-01-01

We derive some new relationships between matrix models of Chern-Simons gauge theory and of two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory. We show that q-integration of the Stieltjes-Wigert matrix model is the discrete matrix model that describes q-deformed Yang-Mills theory on S 2 . We demonstrate that the semiclassical limit of the Chern-Simons matrix model is equivalent to the Gross-Witten model in the weak-coupling phase. We study the strong-coupling limit of the unitary Chern-Simons matrix model and show that it too induces the Gross-Witten model, but as a first-order deformation of Dyson's circular ensemble. We show that the Sutherland model is intimately related to Chern-Simons gauge theory on S 3 , and hence to q-deformed Yang-Mills theory on S 2 . In particular, the ground-state wavefunction of the Sutherland model in its classical equilibrium configuration describes the Chern-Simons free energy. The correspondence is extended to Wilson line observables and to arbitrary simply laced gauge groups.

Semiclassical analysis, Witten Laplacians, and statistical mechanis

CERN Document Server

Helffer, Bernard

2002-01-01

This important book explains how the technique of Witten Laplacians may be useful in statistical mechanics. It considers the problem of analyzing the decay of correlations, after presenting its origin in statistical mechanics. In addition, it compares the Witten Laplacian approach with other techniques, such as the transfer matrix approach and its semiclassical analysis. The author concludes by providing a complete proof of the uniform Log-Sobolev inequality. Contents: Witten Laplacians Approach; Problems in Statistical Mechanics with Discrete Spins; Laplace Integrals and Transfer Operators; S

Donaldson-Witten theory and indefinite theta functions

Science.gov (United States)

Korpas, Georgios; Manschot, Jan

2017-11-01

We consider partition functions with insertions of surface operators of topologically twisted N=2 , SU(2) supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory, or Donaldson-Witten theory for short, on a four-manifold. If the metric of the compact four-manifold has positive scalar curvature, Moore and Witten have shown that the partition function is completely determined by the integral over the Coulomb branch parameter a, while more generally the Coulomb branch integral captures the wall-crossing behavior of both Donaldson polynomials and Seiberg-Witten invariants. We show that after addition of a \\overlineQ -exact surface operator to the Moore-Witten integrand, the integrand can be written as a total derivative to the anti-holomorphic coordinate ā using Zwegers' indefinite theta functions. In this way, we reproduce Göttsche's expressions for Donaldson invariants of rational surfaces in terms of indefinite theta functions for any choice of metric.

Superspace gauge fixing of topological Yang-Mills theories

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Constantinidis, Clisthenis P; Piguet, Olivier [Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo (UFES) (Brazil); Spalenza, Wesley [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)

2004-03-01

We revisit the construction of topological Yang-Mills theories of the Witten type with arbitrary space-time dimension and number of ''shift supersymmetry'' generators, using a superspace formalism. The super-BF structure of these theories is exploited in order to determine their actions uniquely, up to the ambiguities due to the fixing of the Yang-Mills and BF gauge invariance. UV finiteness to all orders of perturbation theory is proved in a gauge of the Landau type. (orig.)

Superspace gauge fixing of topological Yang-Mills theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Constantinidis, Clisthenis P.; Piguet, Olivier; Spalenza, Wesley

2004-01-01

We revisit the construction of topological Yang-Mills theories of the Witten type with arbitrary space-time dimension and number of ''shift supersymmetry'' generators, using a superspace formalism. The super-BF structure of these theories is exploited in order to determine their actions uniquely, up to the ambiguities due to the fixing of the Yang-Mills and BF gauge invariance. UV finiteness to all orders of perturbation theory is proved in a gauge of the Landau type. (orig.)

The algebra of non-local charges in non-linear sigma models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abdalla, E.; Abdalla, M.C.B.; Brunelli, J.C.; Zadra, A.

1993-07-01

We obtain the exact Dirac algebra obeyed by the conserved non-local charges in bosonic non-linear sigma models. Part of the computation is specialized for a symmetry group O(N). As it turns out the algebra corresponds to a cubic deformation of the Kac-Moody algebra. The non-linear terms are computed in closed form. In each Dirac bracket we only find highest order terms (as explained in the paper), defining a saturated algebra. We generalize the results for the presence of a Wess-Zumino term. The algebra is very similar to the previous one, containing now a calculable correction of order one unit lower. (author). 22 refs, 5 figs

Supersymmetric two-particle equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sissakyan, A.N.; Skachkov, N.B.; Shevchenko, O.Yu.

1986-01-01

In the framework of the scalar superfield model, a particular case of which is the well-known Wess-Zumino model, the supersymmetric Schwinger equations are found. On their basis with the use of the second Legendre transformation the two-particle supersymmetric Edwards and Bethe-Salpeter equations are derived. A connection of the kernels and inhomogeneous terms of these equations with generating functional of the second Legendre transformation is found

Transmutation of a trans-series: the Gross-Witten-Wadia phase transition

Science.gov (United States)

Ahmed, Anees; Dunne, Gerald V.

2017-11-01

We study the change in the resurgent asymptotic properties of a trans-series in two parameters, a coupling g 2 and a gauge index N, as a system passes through a large N phase transition, using the universal example of the Gross-Witten-Wadia third-order phase transition in the unitary matrix model. This transition is well-studied in the immediate vicinity of the transition point, where it is characterized by a double-scaling limit Painlevé II equation, and also away from the transition point using the pre-string difference equation. Here we present a complementary analysis of the transition at all coupling and all finite N, in terms of a differential equation, using the explicit Tracy-Widom mapping of the Gross-Witten-Wadia partition function to a solution of a Painlevé III equation. This mapping provides a simple method to generate trans-series expansions in all parameter regimes, and to study their transmutation as the parameters are varied. For example, at any finite N the weak coupling expansion is divergent, with a non-perturbative trans-series completion; on the other hand, the strong coupling expansion is convergent, and yet there is still a non-perturbative trans-series completion. We show how the different instanton terms `condense' at the transition point to match with the double-scaling limit trans-series. We also define a uniform large N strong-coupling expansion (a non-linear analogue of uniform WKB), which is much more precise than the conventional large N expansion through the transition region, and apply it to the evaluation of Wilson loops.

Geometry of the Scalar Sector

CERN Document Server

Alonso, Rodrigo; Manohar, Aneesh V.

2016-01-01

The $S$-matrix of a quantum field theory is unchanged by field redefinitions, and so only depends on geometric quantities such as the curvature of field space. Whether the Higgs multiplet transforms linearly or non-linearly under electroweak symmetry is a subtle question since one can make a coordinate change to convert a field that transforms linearly into one that transforms non-linearly. Renormalizability of the Standard Model (SM) does not depend on the choice of scalar fields or whether the scalar fields transform linearly or non-linearly under the gauge group, but only on the geometric requirement that the scalar field manifold ${\\mathcal M}$ is flat. We explicitly compute the one-loop correction to scalar scattering in the SM written in non-linear Callan-Coleman-Wess-Zumino (CCWZ) form, where it has an infinite series of higher dimensional operators, and show that the $S$-matrix is finite. Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) and Higgs Effective Field Theory (HEFT) have curved ${\\mathcal M}$, ...

Electromagnetic and Scalar Pion form factor in the Kroll-Lee-Zumino model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dominguez, C.A.; Jottar, J.I.; Loewe, M.; Willers, B.

2009-01-01

The renormalizable Abelian quantum field theory model of Kroll, Lee, and Zumino is used at the one loop level to compute vertex corrections to the tree-level, Vector Meson Dominance (VMD) electromagnetic pion form factor. These corrections, together with the one-loop vacuum polarization contribution, imply a resulting electromagnetic pion form factor in excellent agreement with data in the whole range of accessible momentum transfers in the space-like region. The time-like form factor, which reproduces the Gounaris-Sakurai formula at and near the rho-meson peak, is unaffected by the vertex correction at order O(g 2 ). The KLZ model is also used to compute the scalar radius of the pion at the one loop level, finding π 2 > S =0.40fm 2 . This value implies for the low energy constant of chiral perturbation theory l-bar 4 =3.4

Introduction to sympersymmetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mattos, O.A. de.

1986-01-01

In the present work, supersymmetry is motivated via the Coleman-Mandula Theorem. Next, we build SUSY' algebra and representations (particularly, field representation). We then introduce the conceots of superspace and superfield, as well as supermultiplets and their invariants. Our next step is to examine simple models, in order to study auxiliary fields and the off-shell representations, to calculate the super-current and to show with super-graphs the loops cancelation (Wess-Zumino) and SUSY breaking (O'Raifeartaigh). Next, we obtain the supersymetric extension of the QED Lagrangean in to different ways, and them we are able to investigate symmetry breaking in supersymmetric gauge theories, and the appearance of Goldstone fermions. Finally, we study n-extended SUSY and the role of central charges, and examine SUSY in d > 4 dimensions and dimensional reduction. We end up with an introduction to Lie groups. (author) [pt

Seiberg–Witten map and quantum phase effects for neutral Dirac particle on noncommutative plane

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kai Ma

2016-05-01

Full Text Available We provide a new approach to study the noncommutative effects on the neutral Dirac particle with anomalous magnetic or electric dipole moment on the noncommutative plane. The advantages of this approach are demonstrated by investigating the noncommutative corrections on the Aharonov–Casher and He–McKellar–Wilkens effects. This approach is based on the effective U(1 gauge symmetry for the electrodynamics of spin on the two dimensional space. The Seiberg–Witten map for this symmetry is then employed when we study the noncommutative corrections. Because the Seiberg–Witten map preserves the gauge symmetry, the noncommutative corrections can be defined consistently with the ordinary phases. Based on this approach we find the noncommutative corrections on the Aharonov–Casher and He–McKellar–Wilkens phases consist of two terms. The first one depends on the beam particle velocity and consistence with the previous results. However the second term is velocity-independent and then completely new. Therefore our results indicate it is possible to investigate the noncommutative space by using ultra-cold neutron interferometer in which the velocity-dependent term is negligible. Furthermore, both these two terms are proportional to the ratio between the noncommutative parameter θ and the cross section Ae/m of the electrical/magnetic charged line enclosed by the trajectory of beam particles. Therefore the experimental sensitivity can be significantly enhanced by reducing the cross section of the charge line Ae/m.

Superspace gauge fixing of topological Yang-Mills theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Constantinidis, Clisthenis P.; Piguet, Olivier; Spalenza, Wesley

2003-10-01

We revisit the construction of topological Yang-Mills theories of the Witten type with arbitrary space-time dimension and number of 'shift supersymmetry' generators, using a superspace formalism. The super-B F structure of these theories is exploited in order to determine their actions uniquely, up to the ambiguities due to the fixing of the Yang-Mills and B F gauge invariance. UV finiteness to all orders of perturbation theory is proved in a gauge of the Landau type. (author)

Superspace gauge fixing of topological Yang-Mills theories

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Constantinidis, Clisthenis P; Piguet, Olivier [Espirito Santo Univ. (UFES), Vitoria, ES (Brazil); Spalenza, Wesley

2003-10-15

We revisit the construction of topological Yang-Mills theories of the Witten type with arbitrary space-time dimension and number of 'shift supersymmetry' generators, using a superspace formalism. The super-B F structure of these theories is exploited in order to determine their actions uniquely, up to the ambiguities due to the fixing of the Yang-Mills and B F gauge invariance. UV finiteness to all orders of perturbation theory is proved in a gauge of the Landau type. (author)

Torsion and geometrostasis in covariant superstrings

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zachos, C.

1985-01-01

The covariant action for freely propagating heterotic superstrings consists of a metric and a torsion term with a special relative strength. It is shown that the strength for which torsion flattens the underlying 10-dimensional superspace geometry is precisely that which yields free oscillators on the light cone. This is in complete analogy with the geometrostasis of two-dimensional sigma-models with Wess-Zumino interactions. 13 refs.

Torsion and geometrostasis in covariant superstrings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zachos, C.

1985-01-01

The covariant action for freely propagating heterotic superstrings consists of a metric and a torsion term with a special relative strength. It is shown that the strength for which torsion flattens the underlying 10-dimensional superspace geometry is precisely that which yields free oscillators on the light cone. This is in complete analogy with the geometrostasis of two-dimensional sigma-models with Wess-Zumino interactions. 13 refs

The role of instantons in scale-invariant gauge theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Affleck, I.

1980-01-01

Instanton calculations in scale-invariant gauge theories, such as QCD, have long been plagued by divergences at large distances where strong coupling effects are important. Furthermore, Witten has argued that quantum effects may cause the instanton gas to disappear and has displayed this phenomenon in the CPsup(N-1) model at large N. It is argued here that instantons can play a role in calculations involving an inherent infrared cut-off, and this is demonstrated in the CPsup(N-1) model for large N at a finite temperature. Some results on finite-temperature QED are also obtained in passing. (orig.)

One-instanton test of a Seiberg-Witten curve from M-theory: the antisymmetric representation of SU(N)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Naculich, S.G.; Schnitzer, H.J.

1998-01-01

One-instanton predictions are obtained from the Seiberg-Witten curve derived from M-theory by Landsteiner and Lopez for the Coulomb branch of N=2 supersymmetric SU(N) gauge theory with a matter hypermultiplet in the antisymmetric representation. Since this cubic curve describes a Riemann surface that is non-hyperelliptic, a systematic perturbation expansion about a hyperelliptic curve is developed, with a comparable expansion for the Seiberg-Witten differential. Calculation of the period integrals of the SW differential by the method of residues of D'Hoker, Krichever, and Phong enables us to compute the prepotential explicitly to one-instanton order. It is shown that the one-instanton predictions for SU(2), SU(3), and SU(4) agree with previously available results. For SU(N), N≥5, our analysis provides explicit predictions of a curve derived from M-theory at the one-instanton level in field theory. (orig.)

Open BRST algebras, ghost unification and string field theory

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Baulieu, Laurent; Bergshoeff, Eric; Sezgin, Ergin

1988-01-01

Geometrical aspects of the BRST quantization of charged antisymmetric tensor fields and string fields are studied within the framework of the Batalin and Vilkovisky method. In both cases, candidate anomalies which obey the Wess-Zumino consistency conditions are given.

Gravitational Couplings for Generalized Orientifold Planes

OpenAIRE

Giraldo, Juan Fernando Ospina

2000-01-01

The Wess-Zumino action for generalized orientifold planes (GOp-planes) is presented and a series power expantion is realized from which processes that involves GOp-planes, RR-forms, gravitons and gaugeons, are obtained. Finally non-standard GOp-planes are showed.

Study of temperature inversion symmetry for the twisted Wess-Zumino model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oikonomou, V K

2007-01-01

The temperature inversion symmetry, for a non-interacting supersymmetric ensemble, at finite volume, is studied. It is found that the scaled free energy, f(ξ), is antisymmetric under temperature inversion transformation, i.e. f(ξ) = -ξ d (1/ξ). This occurs for antiperiodic bosons and periodic fermions in the compact dimension. In contrast, for periodic bosons and antiperiodic fermions, f(ξ = ξ d (1/ξ)

Hidden simplicity of gauge theory amplitudes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Drummond, J M, E-mail: drummond@lapp.in2p3.f [LAPTH, Universite de Savoie, CNRS, B.P. 110, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, Cedex (France)

2010-11-07

These notes were given as lectures at the CERN Winter School on Supergravity, Strings and Gauge Theory 2010. We describe the structure of scattering amplitudes in gauge theories, focussing on the maximally supersymmetric theory to highlight the hidden symmetries which appear. Using the Britto, Cachzo, Feng and Witten (BCFW) recursion relations we solve the tree-level S-matrix in N=4 super Yang-Mills theory and describe how it produces a sum of invariants of a large symmetry algebra. We review amplitudes in the planar theory beyond tree level, describing the connection between amplitudes and Wilson loops, and discuss the implications of the hidden symmetries.

Anyons in discrete gauge theories with Chern-Simons terms

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bais, F.A.; Driel, P. van; Wild Propitius, M. de

1993-01-01

A gauge theory with a discrete group H in (2+1)-dimensional space-time is known to describe (non-abelian) anyons. We study the effect of adding a Chern-Simons term to such a theory. As in a previous paper, we emphasize the algebraic structure underlying a discrete H gauge theory, namely the Hopf algebra D(H). For H≅Z N , we argue on physical grounds that a Chern-Simons term in the action leads to a non-trivial 3-cocycle on D(H). Accordingly, the physically inequivalent models are labeled by the elements of the cohomology group H 3 (H, U(1)). It depends periodically on the coefficient of the Chern-Simons term which model is realized. This establishes a relation with the discrete topological field theories of Dijkgraaf and Witten. We extrapolate these results to non-abelian H, and work out the representative example H≅anti D 2 . (orig.)

Nonabelian noncommutative gauge theory via noncommutative extra dimensions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jurco, Branislav E-mail: jurco@theorie.physik.uni-muenchen.de; Schupp, Peter E-mail: schupp@theorie.physik.uni-muenchen.de; Wess, Julius E-mail: wess@theorie.physik.uni-muenchen.de

2001-06-18

The concept of covariant coordinates on noncommutative spaces leads directly to gauge theories with generalized noncommutative gauge fields of the type that arises in string theory with background B-fields. The theory is naturally expressed in terms of cochains in an appropriate cohomology; we discuss how it fits into the framework of projective modules. The equivalence of star products that arise from the background field with and without fluctuations and Kontsevich's formality theorem allow an explicitly construction of a map that relates ordinary gauge theory and noncommutative gauge theory (Seiberg-Witten map). As application we show the exact equality of the Dirac-Born-Infeld action with B-field in the commutative setting and its semi-noncommutative cousin in the intermediate picture. Using noncommutative extra dimensions the construction is extended to noncommutative nonabelian gauge theory for arbitrary gauge groups; an explicit map between abelian and nonabelian gauge fields is given. All constructions are also valid for non-constant B-field, Poisson structure and metric.

Nonabelian noncommutative gauge theory via noncommutative extra dimensions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jurco, Branislav; Schupp, Peter; Wess, Julius

2001-01-01

The concept of covariant coordinates on noncommutative spaces leads directly to gauge theories with generalized noncommutative gauge fields of the type that arises in string theory with background B-fields. The theory is naturally expressed in terms of cochains in an appropriate cohomology; we discuss how it fits into the framework of projective modules. The equivalence of star products that arise from the background field with and without fluctuations and Kontsevich's formality theorem allow an explicitly construction of a map that relates ordinary gauge theory and noncommutative gauge theory (Seiberg-Witten map). As application we show the exact equality of the Dirac-Born-Infeld action with B-field in the commutative setting and its semi-noncommutative cousin in the intermediate picture. Using noncommutative extra dimensions the construction is extended to noncommutative nonabelian gauge theory for arbitrary gauge groups; an explicit map between abelian and nonabelian gauge fields is given. All constructions are also valid for non-constant B-field, Poisson structure and metric

Path-integral bosonization of two-dimensional massive Q.C.D

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rego Monteiro, M.A. do.

1984-01-01

The fermionic determinant for two-dimensional QCD with massive fermions by means of Seeley's technique is evaluated. Apart from a gluon-mass term this determinant contains a Wess-Zumino anomaly term and a non-abelian extension of the Sine-Gordon. (Author) [pt

Anomalies in Witten's NSR superstring field theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aref'eva, I.Ya.; Medvedev, P.B.

1988-01-01

The action of Witten's NSR superstring field theory if shown to depend on the regularization being choosen to define its value on non-smooth states that are generated by supertransformation. The necessity of additional regularization originates from the appearance of products of picture-changing operators in coincident points. Two different regularization are described, one corresponding to Witten's scheme and the other to the scheme based on the notion of truncated fields

Conformal anomaly actions for dilaton interactions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rose Luigi Delle

2014-01-01

Full Text Available We discuss, in conformally invariant field theories such as QCD with massless fermions, a possible link between the perturbative signature of the conformal anomaly, in the form of anomaly poles of the 1-particle irreducible effective action, and its descrip- tion in terms of Wess-Zumino actions with a dilaton. The two descriptions are expected to capture the UV and IR behaviour of the conformal anomaly, in terms of fundamental and effective degrees of freedom respectively, with the dilaton effective state appearing in a nonlinear realization. As in the chiral case, conformal anomalies seem to be related to the appearance of these effective interactions in the 1PI action in all the gauge-invariant sectors of the Standard Model. We show that, as a consequence of the underlying anomalous symmetry, the infinite hierarchy of recurrence relations involving self-interactions of the dilaton is entirely determined only by the first four of them. This relation can be generalized to any even space-time dimension.

Marginal stability and the metamorphosis of Bogomol'nyi-Prasad- Sommerfield states

CERN Document Server

Ritz, A; Vainshtein, A I; Voloshin, M B

2001-01-01

We discuss the restructuring of the BPS spectrum which occurs on certain submanifolds of the moduli or parameter space-the curves of the marginal stability (CMS)-using quasiclassical methods. We argue that in general a "composite" BPS soliton swells in coordinate space as one approaches the CMS and that, as a bound state of two "primary" solitons, its dynamics in this region is determined by nonrelativistic supersymmetric quantum mechanics. Near the CMS the bound state has a wave function which is highly spread out. Precisely on the CMS the bound state level reaches the continuum, the composite state delocalizes in coordinate space, and restructuring of the spectrum can occur. We present a detailed analysis of this behavior in a two-dimensional N=2 Wess-Zumino model with two chiral fields, and then discuss how it arises in the context of "composite" dyons near weak coupling CMS curves in N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories. We also consider cases where some states become massless on the CMS. (42 refs).

Adler's Zero Condition and a Minimally Symmetric Higgs Boson.

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2015-01-01

Long ago Coleman, Callan, Wess and Zumino (CCWZ) constructed the nonlinear sigma model lagrangian based on a general coset G/H. I discuss how CCWZ lagrangian can be (re)derived using only IR data, by imposing Adler's zero condition in conjunction with the unbroken symmetry group H. Applying the technique to the case of composite Higgs models allows one to derive a universal lagrangian for all models where the Higgs arises as a pseudo-Nambu-Goldston boson, up to symmetry-breaking effects.

Gauge field models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Becchi, C.; Rouet, A.; Stora, R.

1975-10-01

Stora's analysis is continued in discussing the nonabelian (Yang-Mills) gauge field models (G.F.M.). The gauge independence of the physical scattering operator is discussed in some details and the connection between its unitary and the Slavnov symmetry outlined. Only the models involving semisimple gauge groups are considered. This greatly simplifies the analysis of the possible quantum corrections to the Quantum Action Principle which is reduced to the study of the cohomology group of the Lie algebra characterizing the gauge theory. The discussion is at the classical level for the algebraic properties of the SU(2) Higgs-Kibble-Englert-Brout-Faddeev-Popov lagrangian and its invariance under Slavnov identity transformations is exhibited. The renormalization of the Slavnov identity in the G.M.F. involving semisimple gauge groups is studied. The unitary and gauge independence of the physical S operator in the SU(2) H.K. model is dealt with [fr

Open BRST algebras, ghost unification and string field theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baulieu, L.; Bergshoeff, E.; Sezgin, E.

1988-01-01

Geometrical aspects of the BRST quantization of charged antisymmetric tensor fields and string fields are studied within the framework of the Batalin and Vilkovisky method. In both cases, candidate anomalies which obey the Wess-Zumino consistency conditions are given. (author). 18 refs, 1 fig

Gravitational Couplings for y-Gop-Planes

OpenAIRE

Giraldo, Juan Fernando Ospina

2000-01-01

The Wess-Zumino action for y deformed and generalized orientifold planes (yGOp-planes) is presented and one power expantion is realized from which processes that involves yGOp-planes, RR-forms, gravitons and gaugeons, are obtained. Finally non-standard yGOp-planes are showed.

Geometries inherent to N=1 supergravities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Galperin, A.S.; Ogievetsky, V.I.; Sokatchev, E.S.

1981-01-01

The first part of the talk is devoted to a consideration of linearized N=1 supergravities. The second main part deals with complex geometries inherent to different N=1 supergravities. A special attention is paid to a new version with local symmetry. It is connected to the special nonminimal case (n=0) having a remarkable property of supervolume preservation in Csup(4.4) superspace. Therefore the superdeterminant of change of variables from left to right-handed Rsup(4.4) parametrization is a dimensionless scalar. This geometric invariant has to be constrained to obtain an action. Solving such a constraint on vector and spinor prepotentials in Wess-Zumino gauge one obtains the new supergravity with 12+12 fields and local symmetry. A possible relaxation of this constraint is briefly considered (16+16 fields version) [ru

BRS cohomology of zero curvature systems I: the complete ladder case

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carvalho, M.; Vilar, L.C.Q.; Sasaki, C.A.G.; Sorella, S.P.; Universidade do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, RJ

1995-10-01

We present here the zero curvature formulation for a wide class of field theory models. This formalism, which relies on the existence of an operator δ which decomposes the exterior space-time derivative as a BRS commutator, turns out to be particularly useful in order to solve the Wess-Zumino consistency condition. The examples of the topological theories and of the B-C string ghost system are considered in detail. (author). 28 refs

BRS cohomology of zero curvature systems I: the complete ladder case

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carvalho, M; Vilar, L C.Q.; Sasaki, C A.G. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Sorella, S P [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); [Universidade do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Inst. de Fisica

1995-10-01

We present here the zero curvature formulation for a wide class of field theory models. This formalism, which relies on the existence of an operator {delta} which decomposes the exterior space-time derivative as a BRS commutator, turns out to be particularly useful in order to solve the Wess-Zumino consistency condition. The examples of the topological theories and of the B-C string ghost system are considered in detail. (author). 28 refs.

Seiberg-Witten curves and double-elliptic integrable systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aminov, G.; Braden, H.W.; Mironov, A.; Morozov, A.; Zotov, A.

2015-01-01

An old conjecture claims that commuting Hamiltonians of the double-elliptic integrable system are constructed from the theta-functions associated with Riemann surfaces from the Seiberg-Witten family, with moduli treated as dynamical variables and the Seiberg-Witten differential providing the pre-symplectic structure. We describe a number of theta-constant equations needed to prove this conjecture for the N-particle system. These equations provide an alternative method to derive the Seiberg-Witten prepotential and we illustrate this by calculating the perturbative contribution. We provide evidence that the solutions to the commutativity equations are exhausted by the double-elliptic system and its degenerations (Calogero and Ruijsenaars systems). Further, the theta-function identities that lie behind the Poisson commutativity of the three-particle Hamiltonians are proven.

Non(anti)commutative gauge theories in harmonic superspace

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Quevedo Z., L.E.

2006-01-01

In this work we study the properties of non-singlet Q-deformed N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories, from a field-theoretical point of view. Starting from the supersymmetry breaking pattern induced by a general deformation matrix, we embark on the construction of the non-singlet deformed gauge transformation laws for all vector multiplet fields and their corresponding minimal Seiberg-Witten map. Several deformes super-Yang-Mills actions in components corresponding to different choices of the non-singlet deformation tensor are built. For a particular decomposition ansats of such tensor, we obtain exact actions describing the bosonic sector of the deformed N=(1,0) and the full action for enhances N=(1,1/2) residual supersymmetry. A tuned supersymmetry breaking of this enhanced action down to the N=(1,0) case is found by weakly restoring some discarded degrees of freedom of the deformation. Finally we find the associated residual supersymmetry transformations for the cases studied. The first part of this work, gives an overview of noncommutativity in quantum field theory and of harmonic superspace as needed to define noncommutative generalizations of extended gauge field theories. A study of general properties of non(anti)commutative structures in N=2 euclidean superspace and the (super)symmetry breaking pattern induced by Q-deformations follows. in addition, singlet-deformed super-Yang-Mills is given as an example. The second part deals with non-singlet Q-deformations of gauge theories. We introduce a decomposition ansatz for the deformation matrix, allowing an exact study of the deformed gauge transformations, and develop a general algorithm to solve the harmonic equations associated to this decomposition. A close expression for the gauge transformations of component fields is derived, along with the corresponding minimal Seiberg-Witten map to an equivalent commutative gauge theory. Finally we build deformed super-Yang-Mills actions and their corresponding

Dispersion relations in quantum electrodynamics on the noncommutative Minkowski space

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zahn, J.W.

2006-12-15

We study field theories on the noncommutative Minkowski space with noncommuting time. The focus lies on dispersion relations in quantized interacting models in the Yang-Feldman formalism. In particular, we compute the two-point correlation function of the field strength in noncommutative quantum electrodynamics to second order. At this, we take into account the covariant coordinates that allow the construction of local gauge invariant quantities (observables). It turns out that this does not remove the well-known severe infrared problem, as one might have hoped. Instead, things become worse, since nonlocal divergences appear. We also show that these cancel in a supersymmetric version of the theory if the covariant coordinates are adjusted accordingly. Furthermore, we study the {phi}{sup 3} and the Wess-Zumino model and show that the distortion of the dispersion relations is moderate for parameters typical for the Higgs field. We also discuss the formulation of gauge theories on noncommutative spaces and study classical electrodynamics on the noncommutative Minkowski space using covariant coordinates. In particular, we compute the change of the speed of light due to nonlinear effects in the presence of a background field. Finally, we examine the so-called twist approach to quantum field theory on the noncommutative Minkowski space and point out some conceptual problems of this approach. (orig.)

Dispersion relations in quantum electrodynamics on the noncommutative Minkowski space

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zahn, J.W.

2006-12-01

We study field theories on the noncommutative Minkowski space with noncommuting time. The focus lies on dispersion relations in quantized interacting models in the Yang-Feldman formalism. In particular, we compute the two-point correlation function of the field strength in noncommutative quantum electrodynamics to second order. At this, we take into account the covariant coordinates that allow the construction of local gauge invariant quantities (observables). It turns out that this does not remove the well-known severe infrared problem, as one might have hoped. Instead, things become worse, since nonlocal divergences appear. We also show that these cancel in a supersymmetric version of the theory if the covariant coordinates are adjusted accordingly. Furthermore, we study the Φ 3 and the Wess-Zumino model and show that the distortion of the dispersion relations is moderate for parameters typical for the Higgs field. We also discuss the formulation of gauge theories on noncommutative spaces and study classical electrodynamics on the noncommutative Minkowski space using covariant coordinates. In particular, we compute the change of the speed of light due to nonlinear effects in the presence of a background field. Finally, we examine the so-called twist approach to quantum field theory on the noncommutative Minkowski space and point out some conceptual problems of this approach. (orig.)

Non-commutative gauge Gravity: Second- order Correction and Scalar Particles Creation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zaim, S.

2009-01-01

A noncommutative gauge theory for a charged scalar field is constructed. The invariance of this model under local Poincare and general coordinate transformations is verified. Using the general modified field equation, a general Klein-Gordon equation up to the second order of the noncommu- tativity parameter is derived. As an application, we choose the Bianchi I universe. Using the Seiberg-Witten maps, the deformed noncommutative metric is obtained and a particle production process is studied. It is shown that the noncommutativity plays the same role as an electric field, gravity and chemical potential.

Behaviour of coupling constants at high temperature in supersymmetric theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Swee Ping Chia.

1986-04-01

An analysis is presented of the temperature dependence of the coupling constants using the improved one-loop approximation in the Wess-Zumino model and the supersymmetric O(N) model. It is found that all the coupling constants, both bosonic (Φ 4 type) and Yukawa, approach constant nonzero values as T→∞. The asymptotic values of the bosonic couplings are slightly smaller than the corresponding zero-temperature values, and those of the Yukawa couplings are the same as the zero-temperature values. (author)

A fond farewell to anti De Sitter space

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Freedman, D.Z.

1986-01-01

Recent results on supersymmetry in a fixed Anti de Sitter (AdS) background geometry are summarized. These results include i) required modification of the generators of the O(3,2) isometry group in the AdS Wess-Zumino model, ii) the one-loop renormalization structure of this model, showing that the special 'naturalness' properties of flat space supersymmetry do not extend to AdS, and iii) a non-perturbative Lehmann spectral representation. Open problems suggested by recent work are emphasized. (author)

Supersymmetry, superfields and supergravity: An introduction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Srivastava, P.P.

1986-01-01

This book is a self-contained introduction to the subject of supersymmetry. The algebras of supersymmetry and the R-symmetry generators are explained using a simple field theory model. The realisations of this algebra on one-particle states and on a supermultiplet of component fields are then discussed. There is a detailed description of the Wess-Zumino model, with discussion of the realisation of R-symmetry and supermultiplets of currents and anomalies. Detailed treatment of the realisation of the algebra on superspace and superfields is applied to the Yang-Mills theory in interaction with matter. The possibility of spontaneously broken symmetries is introduced before non-Abelian supersymmetric gauge theories are constructed. Superfield propagators are derived as the Green functions of the corresponding equations of motion and the power of superfield perturbation theory is illustrated. Finally local supersymmetry and the supergravity Lagrangian are introduced with a discussion of gravity-induced supersymmetry breaking and the super-Higgs effect. Emphasis is placed on developing a physical understanding of the mathematical formalism and numerous problems are included to help develop the reader's understanding

Renormalization of supersymmetric models without using auxiliary fields

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Urbanek, P.

1986-01-01

Previously a linear representation of supersymmetry (Ss) was used in investigations of renormalizability. There auxiliary fields have been introduced in order that the Ss-algebra closes 'off-shell'. When the auxiliary fields are eliminated by their equations of motion, the Ss representation becomes nonlinear and Ss closes only 'on-shell'. Following O.Piguet and K.Sibold 1984 Ss is expressed through Ward identities which are formulated as functional variations of the generating functional of the Green functions. These functional operators form a closed algebra, a fact essential for the proof of renormalizability, which is given. It is not necessary to use a specific subtraction scheme in the Green functions. The procedure is applied to the Wess-Zumino model and the supersymmetric extension of the quantum electrodynamics. 15 refs. (qui)

Supersymmetric field theories at finite temperature

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dicus, D.A.; Tata, X.R.

1983-01-01

We show by explicit calculations to second and third order in perturbation theory, that finite temperature effects do not break the supersymmetry Ward-Takahashi identities of the Wess-Zumino model. Moreover, it is argued that this result is true to all orders in perturbation theory, and further, true for a wide class of supersymmetric theories. We point out, however, that these identities can be broken in the course of a phase transition that restores an originally broken internal symmetry

Analyticity properties of Graham-Witten anomalies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Asnin, Vadim

2008-01-01

Analytic properties of Graham-Witten anomalies are considered. Weyl anomalies according to their analytic properties are of type A (coming from δ-singularities in correlators of several energy-momentum tensors) or of type B (originating in counterterms which depend logarithmically on a mass scale). It is argued that all Graham-Witten anomalies can be divided into two groups, internal and external, and that all external anomalies are of type B, whereas among internal anomalies there is one term of type A and all the rest are of type B. This argument is checked explicitly for the case of a free scalar field in a six-dimensional space with a two-dimensional submanifold

Covariant differential calculus on quantum Minkowski space and the q-analogue of Dirac equation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Song Xingchang; Academia Sinica, Beijing

1992-01-01

The covariant differential calculus on the quantum Minkowski space is presented with the help of the generalized Wess-Zumino method and the quantum Pauli matrices and quantum Dirac matrices are constructed parallel to those in the classical case. Combining these two aspects a q-analogue of Dirac equation follows directly. (orig.)

Hamiltonian formulation of anomaly free chiral bosons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abdalla, E.; Abdalla, M.C.B.; Devecchi, F.P.; Zadra, A.

1988-01-01

Starting out of an anomaly free Lagrangian formulation for chiral scalars, which a Wess-Zumino Term (to cancel the anomaly), we formulate the corresponding hamiltonian problem. Ther we use the (quantum) Siegel invariance to choose a particular, which turns out coincide with the obtained by Floreanini and Jackiw. (author) [pt

Seiberg-Witten and 'Polyakov-like' Magnetic Bion Confinements are Continuously Connected

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Poppitz, Erich; /Toronto U.; Unsal, Mithat; /SLAC /Stanford U., Phys. Dept.

2012-06-01

We study four-dimensional N = 2 supersymmetric pure-gauge (Seiberg-Witten) theory and its N = 1 mass perturbation by using compactification on S{sup 1} x R{sup 3}. It is well known that on R{sup 4} (or at large S{sup 1} size L) the perturbed theory realizes confinement through monopole or dyon condensation. At small S{sup 1}, we demonstrate that confinement is induced by a generalization of Polyakov's three-dimensional instanton mechanism to a locally four-dimensional theory - the magnetic bion mechanism - which also applies to a large class of nonsupersymmetric theories. Using a large- vs. small-L Poisson duality, we show that the two mechanisms of confinement, previously thought to be distinct, are in fact continuously connected.

Genus zero Gromov-Witten axioms via Kuranishi atlases

OpenAIRE

Castellano, Robert

2016-01-01

A Kuranishi atlas is a structure used to build a virtual fundamental class on moduli spaces of $J$-holomorphic curves. They were introduced by McDuff and Wehrheim to resolve some of the challenges in this field. This paper completes the construction of genus zero Gromov-Witten invariants using Kuranishi atlases and proves the Gromov-Witten axioms of Kontsevich and Manin. To do so, we introduce the notion of a transverse subatlas, a useful tool for working with Kuranishi atlases.

N=1 supersymmetry and super quantum electrodynamic in Atiyah-Ward space-time

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Andrade, M.A. de; Cima, O.M. Del; Magalhaes, M.N.P.

1994-12-01

The supersymmetric gauge invariant action for the massive Abelian N=1 super-QED 2+2 in the Atiyah-Ward space-time (D=2+2) is formulated. The questions concerning the scheme of the gauge invariance in D=2+2 by means of gauging the massive N=1 super-QED 2+2 are investigated. It is studied how to ensure the gauge invariance at the expenses of the introduction of a complex vector superfield. It is discussed the Wess-Zumino gauge and thereupon we conclude that in this gauge, only the imaginary part of the complex vector field, B μ , gauges a U(1)-symmetry, whereas its real part gauges a Weyl symmetry. It is build up the gauge invariant massive term by introducing four scalar superfields: a pair of chiral and a pair of anti-chiral superfields; the supermultiplets of each pair have opposite U (1)-changes. It is carried out a dimensional reduction a la Scherk of the massive N=1 super-QED 2+2 action from D=2+2 to D=1+2. Truncations are needed in order to suppress unphysical modes and one ends up with a parity-preserving N=1 super QED 1+2 (rather than N=2) in D=1+2 which spectrum is free from tachyons and ghosts at tree-level. Finally it is show that the N=1 super-QED 1+2 obtained is the supersymmetry version of the φ3 QED. (author). 27 refs

Gravitational analogue of the Witten effect

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Foda, O. (International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste (Italy))

1985-07-22

In the presence of massive fermions, and assuming a non-vanishing theta-parameter as the only source of CP violation, the Witten effect (a shift in the electric charge of a magnetic monopole due to CP non-conservation) is shown to follow from an anomalous chiral commutator. Next, given the gravitational contribution to the chiral anomaly, the corresponding anomalous commutator for Dirac fermion currents in a gravitational background is derived. From that, we infer the equivalence of a thetaR tildeR term in the lagrangian to a shift in the mass parameter of the NUT metric, in proportion to theta. This is interpreted as the gravitational analogue of the Witten effect. Its relevance to certain Kaluza-Klein monopoles is briefly discussed.

q-deformed differential operator algebra and new braid group representation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Luyu; Dai Jianghui; Zhang Jun

1991-01-01

It is proved that the q-deformed differential operator algebra introduced is consistent with quantum hyperplane described by Wess and Zumino. At the same time, a new braid group representation associated with sl q (2) is obtained by adding the terms of weight conservation to the standard universal R-matrix. (author). 10 refs

Conformal gauge-Yukawa theories away from four dimensions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Codello, Alessandro; Langæble, Kasper [CP-Origins, University of Southern Denmark,Campusvej 55, Odense, DK-5230 (Denmark); Litim, Daniel F. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex,Brighton, BN1 9QH (United Kingdom); Sannino, Francesco [CP-Origins, University of Southern Denmark,Campusvej 55, Odense, DK-5230 (Denmark); Danish Institute for Advanced Study, Danish IAS, University of Southern Denmark,Campusvej 55, Odense, DK-5230 (Denmark)

2016-07-22

We present the phase diagram and associated fixed points for a wide class of Gauge-Yukawa theories in d=4+ϵ dimensions. The theories we investigate involve non-abelian gauge fields, fermions and scalars in the Veneziano-Witten limit. The analysis is performed in steps, we start with QCD{sub d} and then we add Yukawa interactions and scalars which we study at next-to- and next-to-next-to-leading order. Interacting infrared fixed points naturally emerge in dimensions lower than four while ultraviolet ones appear above four. We also analyse the stability of the scalar potential for the discovered fixed points. We argue for a very rich phase diagram in three dimensions while in dimensions higher than four certain Gauge-Yukawa theories are ultraviolet complete because of the emergence of an asymptotically safe fixed point.

Anatomy of geodesic Witten diagrams

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chen, Heng-Yu; Kuo, En-Jui [Department of Physics and Center for Theoretical Sciences, National Taiwan University,Taipei 10617, Taiwan (China); Kyono, Hideki [Department of Physics, Kyoto University,Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan)

2017-05-12

We revisit the so-called “Geodesic Witten Diagrams” (GWDs) https://www.doi.org/10.1007/JHEP01(2016)146, proposed to be the holographic dual configuration of scalar conformal partial waves, from the perspectives of CFT operator product expansions. To this end, we explicitly consider three point GWDs which are natural building blocks of all possible four point GWDs, discuss their gluing procedure through integration over spectral parameter, and this leads us to a direct identification with the integral representation of CFT conformal partial waves. As a main application of this general construction, we consider the holographic dual of the conformal partial waves for external primary operators with spins. Moreover, we consider the closely related “split representation” for the bulk to bulk spinning propagator, to demonstrate how ordinary scalar Witten diagram with arbitrary spin exchange, can be systematically decomposed into scalar GWDs. We also discuss how to generalize to spinning cases.

Gravitational Couplings for Gop-Planes and y-Op-Planes

OpenAIRE

Giraldo, Juan Fernando Ospina

2000-01-01

The Wess-Zumino actions for generalized orientifold planes (GOp-planes) and y-deformed orientifold planes (yOp-planes) are presented and two series power expantions are realized from whiches processes that involves GOp-planes,yOp-planes, RR-forms, gravitons and gaugeons, are obtained. Finally non-standard GOp-planes and y-Op-planes are showed.

The local Gromov-Witten invariants of configurations of rational curves

CERN Document Server

Karp, D; Marino, M; CERN. Geneva; Karp, Dagan; Liu, Chiu-Chu Melissa; Marino, Marcos

2005-01-01

We compute the local Gromov-Witten invariants of certain configurations of rational curves in a Calabi-Yau threefold. These configurations are connected subcurves of the ``minimal trivalent configuration'', which is a particular tree of CP^1's with specified formal neighborhood. We show that these local invariants are equal to certain global or ordinary Gromov-Witten invariants of a blowup of CP^3 at points, and we compute these ordinary invariants using the geometry of the Cremona transform. We also realize the configurations in question as formal toric schemes and compute their formal Gromov-Witten invariants using the mathematical and physical theories of the topological vertex. In particular, we provide further evidence equating the vertex amplitudes derived from physical and mathematical theories of the topological vertex.

Hamiltonian Anomalies from Extended Field Theories

Science.gov (United States)

Monnier, Samuel

2015-09-01

We develop a proposal by Freed to see anomalous field theories as relative field theories, namely field theories taking value in a field theory in one dimension higher, the anomaly field theory. We show that when the anomaly field theory is extended down to codimension 2, familiar facts about Hamiltonian anomalies can be naturally recovered, such as the fact that the anomalous symmetry group admits only a projective representation on the Hilbert space, or that the latter is really an abelian bundle gerbe over the moduli space. We include in the discussion the case of non-invertible anomaly field theories, which is relevant to six-dimensional (2, 0) superconformal theories. In this case, we show that the Hamiltonian anomaly is characterized by a degree 2 non-abelian group cohomology class, associated to the non-abelian gerbe playing the role of the state space of the anomalous theory. We construct Dai-Freed theories, governing the anomalies of chiral fermionic theories, and Wess-Zumino theories, governing the anomalies of Wess-Zumino terms and self-dual field theories, as extended field theories down to codimension 2.

Point-like bounding chains in open Gromov-Witten theory

OpenAIRE

Solomon, Jake P.; Tukachinsky, Sara B.

2016-01-01

We use $A_\\infty$ algebras to define open Gromov-Witten invariants with both boundary and interior constraints, associated to a Lagrangian submanifold $L\\subset X$ of arbitrary odd dimension. The boundary constraints are bounding chains, which are shown to behave like points. The interior constraints are arbitrary even degree classes in the cohomology of $X$ relative to $L.$ We show the invariants satisfy analogs of the axioms of closed Gromov-Witten theory. Our definition of invariants depen...

Dynamics of Strings in Noncommutative Gauge Theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gross, David J.; Nekrasov, Nikia A.

2000-01-01

We continue our study of solitons in noncommutative gauge theories and present an extremely simple BPS solution of N=4 U(1) noncommutative gauge theory in 4 dimensions, which describes N infinite D1 strings that pierce a D3 brane at various points, in the presence of a background B-field in the Seiberg-Witten limit. We call this solution the N-fluxon. For N=1 we calculate the complete spectrum of small fluctuations about the fluxon and find three kinds of modes: the fluctuations of the superstring in 10 dimensions arising from fundamental strings attached to the D1 strings, the ordinary particles of the gauge theory in 4 dimensions and a set of states with discrete spectrum, localized at the intersection point - corresponding to fundamental strings stretched between the D1 string and the D3 brane. We discuss the fluctuations about the N-fluxon as well and derive explicit expressions for the amplitudes of interactions between these various modes. We show that translations in noncommutative gauge theories are equivalent to gauge transformations (plus a constant shift of the gauge field) and discuss the implications for the translational zeromodes of our solitons. We also find the dyonic versions of N-fluxon, as well as of our previous string-monopole solution. (author)

Note on closed-string interactions a la Witten

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Romans, L.J.

1987-08-20

We consider the problem of formulating a field theory of interacting closed strings analogous to Witten's open-string field theory. Two natural candidates have been suggested for an off-shell three-string interaction vertex: one scheme involves a cyclic geometric overlap in spacetime, while the other is obtained by 'stuttering' the Fock-space realization of the open-string vertex. We demonstrate that these two approaches are in fact equivalent, utilizing the operator formalism as developed to describe Witten's theory. Implications of this result for the construction of closed-string theories are briefly discussed.

Constraints on effective Lagrangian of D-branes from non-commutative gauge theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Okawa, Yuji; Terashima, Seiji

2000-01-01

It was argued that there are two different descriptions of the effective Lagrangian of gauge fields on D-branes by non-commutative gauge theory and by ordinary gauge theory in the presence of a constant B field background. In the case of bosonic string theory, however, it was found in the previous works that the two descriptions are incompatible under the field redefinition which relates the non-commutative gauge field to the ordinary one found by Seiberg and Witten. In this paper we resolve this puzzle to observe the necessity of gauge-invariant but B-dependent correction terms involving metric in the field redefinition which have not been considered before. With the problem resolved, we establish a systematic method under the α' expansion to derive the constraints on the effective Lagrangian imposed by the compatibility of the two descriptions where the form of the field redefinition is not assumed

A natural Poincare gauge model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aldrovandi, R.; Pereira, J.G.

1985-01-01

A natural candidate model for a gauge theory for the Poincare group is discussed. It satisfies the usual electric-magnetic symmetry of gauge models and is a contraction of a gauge model for the De Sitter group. Its field equations are just the Yang-Mills equations for the Poincare group. It is shown that these equations do not follow from a Lagrangean. (Author) [pt

The gravitational analogue of the Witten effect

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Foda, O.

1985-01-01

In the presence of massive fermions, and assuming a non-vanishing theta-parameter as the only source of CP violation, the Witten effect (a shift in the electric charge of a magnetic monopole due to CP non-conservation) is shown to follow from an anomalous chiral commutator. Next, given the gravitational contribution to the chiral anomaly, the corresponding anomalous commutator for Dirac fermion currents in a gravitational background is derived. From that, we infer the equivalence of a thetaR tildeR term in the lagrangian to a shift in the mass parameter of the NUT metric, in proportion to theta. This is interpreted as the gravitational analogue of the Witten effect. Its relevance to certain Kaluza-Klein monopoles is briefly discussed. (orig.)

The gravitational analogue of the Witten effect

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Foda, O.

1984-06-01

In the presence of massive fermions, and assuming a non-vanishing theta-parameter as the only source of CP-violation, the Witten effect [a shift in the electric charge of a magnetic monopole due to CP-non-conservation] is shown to follow from an anomalous chiral commutator. Next, given the gravitational contribution to the chiral anomaly, the corresponding anomalous commutator for Dirac fermion currents in a gravitational background is derived. From that, we infer the equivalence of a theta R-tilde R term in the Lagrangian to a shift in the mass parameter of the NUT metric, in proportion to theta. This is interpreted as the gravitational analogue of the Witten effect. Its relevance to certain Kaluza-Klein monopoles is briefly discussed. (author)

On rank 2 Seiberg-Witten equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Massamba, F.; Thompson, G.

2004-02-01

We introduce and study a set of rank 2 Seiberg-Witten equations. We show that the moduli space of solutions is a compact, orientational and smooth manifold. For minimal surfaces of general type we are able to determine the basic classes. (author)

The Witten index for the supermembrane

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pope, C.N.; Stelle, K.S.

1988-01-01

The perturbative spectrum of the supermembrane in eleven-dimensional spacetime contains massless states as a consequence of the spacetime supersymmetry of the theory. We show, by defining a Witten index that has strictly positive value that supersymmetry remains unbroken non-perturbatively. 14 refs

BOOK REVIEW: Supersymmetry: Theory, Experiment and Cosmology

Science.gov (United States)

Jones, Tim

2008-06-01

This volume presents a comprehensive introduction to supersymmetry, concentrating mainly on the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) and its possible embedding in a grand unified theory, but also including material on supergravity, non-perturbative aspects of supersymmetry, string theory and cosmology. There is an excellent self-contained appendix on the standard model which could be read first; other appendices provide introductions to spinor representations of the Lorentz group, superfields, and cosmology, and there is a short appendix listing the MSSM renormalisation group beta-functions. The appendices in fact occupy over a quarter of the volume. Substantial knowledge of quantum field theory is required of the reader; and also a working knowledge of group theory as employed in the construction of particle physics models: while there is some useful material on this in the section on grand unification, an appendix on it might perhaps have been a useful addition. Supersymmetry is introduced via the particle physicist's concern with the hierarchy problem and developed in the component formalism beginning with the Wess Zumino model and proceeding to supersymmetric gauge theories. The treatment is detailed and authoritative; the author has 25 years of high-level research experience in the area and it shows. The level of presentation is high, and difficult concepts are explained clearly. The examples and associated hints are excellent. One topic I would have liked to see more on is the renormalisation of supersymmetric theories; presentation of the explicit calculation of the anomalous dimension of a chiral superfield (gamma) at one loop for at least the Wess Zumino model might perhaps have been pedagogically useful. Associated, perhaps, with this omission is an inconsistency in the definition of gamma; the sign of gamma in the treatment in section 8.3.2 clearly differs from its sign in the appendix section E.3. In the text the formalism of supersymmetry is

Supersymmetry: Theory, Experiment and Cosmology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jones, Tim

2008-01-01

This volume presents a comprehensive introduction to supersymmetry, concentrating mainly on the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) and its possible embedding in a grand unified theory, but also including material on supergravity, non-perturbative aspects of supersymmetry, string theory and cosmology. There is an excellent self-contained appendix on the standard model which could be read first; other appendices provide introductions to spinor representations of the Lorentz group, superfields, and cosmology, and there is a short appendix listing the MSSM renormalisation group beta-functions. The appendices in fact occupy over a quarter of the volume. Substantial knowledge of quantum field theory is required of the reader; and also a working knowledge of group theory as employed in the construction of particle physics models: while there is some useful material on this in the section on grand unification, an appendix on it might perhaps have been a useful addition. Supersymmetry is introduced via the particle physicist's concern with the hierarchy problem and developed in the component formalism beginning with the Wess-Zumino model and proceeding to supersymmetric gauge theories. The treatment is detailed and authoritative; the author has 25 years of high-level research experience in the area and it shows. The level of presentation is high, and difficult concepts are explained clearly. The examples and associated hints are excellent. One topic I would have liked to see more on is the renormalisation of supersymmetric theories; presentation of the explicit calculation of the anomalous dimension of a chiral superfield (gamma) at one loop for at least the Wess-Zumino model might perhaps have been pedagogically useful. Associated, perhaps, with this omission is an inconsistency in the definition of gamma; the sign of gamma in the treatment in section 8.3.2 clearly differs from its sign in the appendix section E.3. In the text the formalism of supersymmetry is

N=1 supersymmetry and super quantum electrodynamic in Atiyah-Ward space-time

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Andrade, M.A. de; Cima, O.M. Del; Magalhaes, M.N.P.

1994-12-01

The supersymmetric gauge invariant action for the massive Abelian N=1 super-QED{sub 2+2} in the Atiyah-Ward space-time (D=2+2) is formulated. The questions concerning the scheme of the gauge invariance in D=2+2 by means of gauging the massive N=1 super-QED{sub 2+2} are investigated. It is studied how to ensure the gauge invariance at the expenses of the introduction of a complex vector superfield. It is discussed the Wess-Zumino gauge and thereupon we conclude that in this gauge, only the imaginary part of the complex vector field, B{sub {mu}}, gauges a U(1)-symmetry, whereas its real part gauges a Weyl symmetry. It is build up the gauge invariant massive term by introducing four scalar superfields: a pair of chiral and a pair of anti-chiral superfields; the supermultiplets of each pair have opposite U (1)-changes. It is carried out a dimensional reduction a la Scherk of the massive N=1 super-QED{sub 2+2} action from D=2+2 to D=1+2. Truncations are needed in order to suppress unphysical modes and one ends up with a parity-preserving N=1 super QED{sub 1+2} (rather than N=2) in D=1+2 which spectrum is free from tachyons and ghosts at tree-level. Finally it is show that the N=1 super-QED{sub 1+2} obtained is the supersymmetry version of the {sub {phi}3} QED. (author). 27 refs.

A note on closed-string interactions a la Witten

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Romans, L.J.

1987-01-01

We consider the problem of formulating a field theory of interacting closed strings analogous to Witten's open-string field theory. Two natural candidates have been suggested for an off-shell three-string interaction vertex: one scheme involves a cyclic geometric overlap in spacetime, while the other is obtained by 'stuttering' the Fock-space realization of the open-string vertex. We demonstrate that these two approaches are in fact equivalent, utilizing the operator formalism as developed to describe Witten's theory. Implications of this result for the construction of closed-string theories are briefly discussed. (orig.)

On asymptotics and resurgent structures of enumerative Gromov-Witten invariants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Couso-Santamaria, Ricardo; Schiappa, Ricardo; Geneve Univ.; Vaz, Ricardo; DESY Hamburg

2016-05-01

Making use of large-order techniques in asymptotics and resurgent analysis, this work addresses the growth of enumerative Gromov-Witten invariants - in their dependence upon genus and degree of the embedded curve - for several different threefold Calabi-Yau toric-varieties. In particular, while the leading asymptotics of these invariants at large genus or at large degree is exponential, at combined large genus and degree it turns out to be factorial. This factorial growth has a resurgent nature, originating via mirror symmetry from the resurgent-transseries description of the B-model free energy. This implies the existence of nonperturbative sectors controlling the asymptotics of the Gromov-Witten invariants, which could themselves have an enumerative-geometry interpretation. The examples addressed include: the resolved conifold; the local surfaces local P 2 and local P 1 x P 1 ; the local curves and Hurwitz theory; and the compact quintic. All examples suggest very rich interplays between resurgent asymptotics and enumerative problems in algebraic geometry.

On asymptotics and resurgent structures of enumerative Gromov-Witten invariants

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Couso-Santamaria, Ricardo [Lisboa Univ. (Portugal). Inst. Superior Tecnico (IST); Schiappa, Ricardo [Lisboa Univ. (Portugal). Inst. Superior Tecnico (IST); Geneve Univ. (Switzerland). Dept. de Physique Theoretique et Section de Mathematiques; Vaz, Ricardo [Lisboa Univ. (Portugal). Inst. Superior Tecnico (IST); DESY Hamburg (Germany). Theory Group

2016-05-15

Making use of large-order techniques in asymptotics and resurgent analysis, this work addresses the growth of enumerative Gromov-Witten invariants - in their dependence upon genus and degree of the embedded curve - for several different threefold Calabi-Yau toric-varieties. In particular, while the leading asymptotics of these invariants at large genus or at large degree is exponential, at combined large genus and degree it turns out to be factorial. This factorial growth has a resurgent nature, originating via mirror symmetry from the resurgent-transseries description of the B-model free energy. This implies the existence of nonperturbative sectors controlling the asymptotics of the Gromov-Witten invariants, which could themselves have an enumerative-geometry interpretation. The examples addressed include: the resolved conifold; the local surfaces local P{sup 2} and local P{sup 1} x P{sup 1}; the local curves and Hurwitz theory; and the compact quintic. All examples suggest very rich interplays between resurgent asymptotics and enumerative problems in algebraic geometry.

Twisted supersymmetry: Twisted symmetry versus renormalizability

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dimitrijevic, Marija; Nikolic, Biljana; Radovanovic, Voja

2011-01-01

We discuss a deformation of superspace based on a Hermitian twist. The twist implies a *-product that is noncommutative, Hermitian and finite when expanded in a power series of the deformation parameter. The Leibniz rule for the twisted supersymmetry transformations is deformed. A minimal deformation of the Wess-Zumino action is proposed and its renormalizability properties are discussed. There is no tadpole contribution, but the two-point function diverges. We speculate that the deformed Leibniz rule, or more generally the twisted symmetry, interferes with renormalizability properties of the model. We discuss different possibilities to render a renormalizable model.

Global anomalies in chiral gauge theories on the lattice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baer, O.; Campos, I.

2000-01-01

We discuss the issue of global anomalies in chiral gauge theories on the lattice. In Luescher's approach, these obstructions make it impossible to define consistently a fermionic measure for the path integral. We show that an SU(2) theory has such a global anomaly if the Weyl fermion is in the fundamental representation. The anomaly in higher representations is also discussed. We finally show that this obstruction is the lattice analogue of the SU(2) anomaly first discovered by Witten. (orig.)

Aspects of the affine superalgebra sl(2-vertical bar-1) at fractional level

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Johnstone, Gavin Balfour

2001-04-01

In this thesis we study the affine superalgebra s-tilde-l(2-vertical bar-1; C) at fractional levels of the form k = 1/u - 1, u is an element of N-back slash {1}. It is for these levels that admissible representations exist, which transform into each other under modular transformations. In the second chapter we review background material on conformal field theory, particularly the Wess-Zumino-Witten model and the connection with modular transformations. The superalgebra sl(2-vertical bar-1; C) is introduced, as is its affine version. The next chapter studies the modular transformation properties of s-tilde-l(2-vertical bar-1; C) characters. We derive formulae for these transformations for all levels of the form k = 1/u - 1, u is an element of N-back slash {1}. We also investigate some modular invariant combinations of characters and find two series of modular invariants, analogous to the A- and D-series of the classification of s-tilde-l(2) modular invariants. In chapter 4 we turn to the study of fusion rules. We concentrate on the case k = -1/2. By considering the decoupling of singular vectors, we are able to find consistent fusion rules for this particular level. These fusion rules correspond to a modular invariant found in chapter 3. This study suggests that one may consistently define a conformal field theory based on s-tilde-l(2-vertical bar-1; C) at fractional level. (author)

Noncommutative GUTs, Standard Model and C,P,T

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aschieri, P.; Jurco, B.; Schupp, P.; Wess, J.

2003-01-01

Noncommutative Yang-Mills theories are sensitive to the choice of the representation that enters in the gauge kinetic term. We constrain this ambiguity by considering grand unified theories. We find that at first order in the noncommutativity parameter θ, SU(5) is not truly a unified theory, while SO(10) has a unique noncommutative generalization. In view of these results we discuss the noncommutative SM theory that is compatible with SO(10) GUT and find that there are no modifications to the SM gauge kinetic term at lowest order in θ. We study in detail the reality, Hermiticity and C,P,T properties of the Seiberg-Witten map and of the resulting effective actions expanded in ordinary fields. We find that in models of GUTs (or compatible with GUTs) right-handed fermions and left-handed ones appear with opposite Seiberg-Witten map

Noncommutative GUTs, Standard Model and C,P,T

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aschieri, P. E-mail: aschieri@theorie.physik.uni-muenchen.de; Jurco, B. E-mail: jurco@theorie.physik.uni-muenchen.de; Schupp, P. E-mail: p.schupp@iu-bremen.de; Wess, J. E-mail: wess@theorie.physik.uni-muenchen.de

2003-02-17

Noncommutative Yang-Mills theories are sensitive to the choice of the representation that enters in the gauge kinetic term. We constrain this ambiguity by considering grand unified theories. We find that at first order in the noncommutativity parameter {theta}, SU(5) is not truly a unified theory, while SO(10) has a unique noncommutative generalization. In view of these results we discuss the noncommutative SM theory that is compatible with SO(10) GUT and find that there are no modifications to the SM gauge kinetic term at lowest order in {theta}. We study in detail the reality, Hermiticity and C,P,T properties of the Seiberg-Witten map and of the resulting effective actions expanded in ordinary fields. We find that in models of GUTs (or compatible with GUTs) right-handed fermions and left-handed ones appear with opposite Seiberg-Witten map.

Solving Witten's string field theory using the butterfly state

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Okawa, Yuji

2004-01-01

We solve the equation of motion of Witten's cubic open string field theory in a series expansion using the regulated butterfly state. The expansion parameter is given by the regularization parameter of the butterfly state, which can be taken to be arbitrarily small. Unlike the case of level truncation, the equation of motion can be solved for an arbitrary component of the Fock space up to a positive power of the expansion parameter. The energy density of the solution is well defined and remains finite even in the singular butterfly limit, and it gives approximately 68% of the D25-brane tension for the solution at the leading order. Moreover, it simultaneously solves the equation of motion of vacuum string field theory, providing support for the conjecture at this order. We further improve our ansatz by taking into account next-to-leading terms, and find two numerical solutions which give approximately 88% and 109%, respectively, of the D25-brane tension for the energy density. These values are interestingly close to those by level truncation at level 2 without gauge fixing studied by Rastelli and Zwiebach and by Ellwood and Taylor

Preregularization and the structure of loop-momentum ambiguities within quantum corrections to the supercurrent

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chowdhury, A.M.; Elias, V.; McKeon, D.G.C.; Mann, R.B.

1986-01-01

The anomaly in the supercurrent amplitude S/sub μ//sub ν/ is analyzed to one-loop order for N = 1 supersymmetry in the Wess-Zumino gauge within the framework of preregularization, in which loop-momentum-routing ambiguities percolate into shift-of-integration-variable surface terms peculiar to exactly four space-time dimensions. We find the supercurrent anomaly to be a consequence of the inability of such ambiguities (within a demonstrably finite set of quantum corrections) to absorb violations of gauge invariance (q/sup ν/S/sub μ//sub ν/not =0) and supersymmetry (partial/sup μ/S/sub μ//sub ν/equivalentpartialxSnot =0) simultaneously, a feature quite similar to the inability of VVA-triangle ambiguities to absorb violations of gauge invariance and the axial-vector-current Ward identity simultaneously. We also find that if gauge invariance is preserved, the contribution to the supercurrent anomaly obtained from O(g 2 ) quantum corrections to the supercurrent involves no infrared or ultraviolet infinities and resides in partialxS rather than γxS. This last result is a consequence of maintaining exactly four space-time dimensions, as is necessary for momentum-routing ambiguities to appear at all in the quantum corrections. The connection between our results and similar results obtained from an Adler-Rosenberg symmetry argument is examined in detail

Determination of covariant Schwinger terms in anomalous gauge theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kelnhofer, G.

1991-01-01

A functional integral method is used to determine equal time commutators between the covariant currents and the covariant Gauss-law operators in theories which are affected by an anomaly. By using a differential geometrical setup we show how the derivation of consistent- and covariant Schwinger terms can be understood on an equal footing. We find a modified consistency condition for the covariant anomaly. As a by-product the Bardeen-Zumino functional, which relates consistent and covariant anomalies, can be interpreted as connection on a certain line bundle over all gauge potentials. Finally the commutator anomalies are calculated for the two- and four dimensional case. (Author) 13 refs

Determination of covariant Schwinger terms in anomalous gauge theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kelnhofer, G.

1991-01-01

A functional integral method is used to determine equal time commutators between the covariant currents and the covariant Gauss-law operators in theories which are affected by an anomaly. By using a differential geometrical setup we show how the derivation of consistent- and covariant Schwinger terms can be understood on an equal footing. We find a modified consistency condition for the covariant anomaly. As a by-product the Bardeen-Zumino functional, which relates consistent and covariant anomalies, can be interpreted as connection on a certain line bundle over all gauge potentials. Finally the covariant commutator anomalies are calculated for the two- and four dimensional case. (orig.)

Higher-dimensional analogues of Donaldson-Witten theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Acharya, B.S.; Spence, B.

1997-01-01

We present a Donaldson-Witten-type field theory in eight dimensions on manifolds with Spin(7) holonomy. We prove that the stress tensor is BRST exact for metric variations preserving the holonomy and we give the invariants for this class of variations. In six and seven dimensions we propose similar theories on Calabi-Yau threefolds and manifolds of G 2 holonomy, respectively. We point out that these theories arise by considering supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory defined on such manifolds. The theories are invariant under metric variations preserving the holonomy structure without the need for twisting. This statement is a higher-dimensional analogue of the fact that Donaldson-Witten field theory on hyper-Kaehler 4-manifolds is topological without twisting. Higher-dimensional analogues of Floer cohomology are briefly outlined. All of these theories arise naturally within the context of string theory. (orig.)

Non-abelian chiral anomalies and Wess-Zumino effective actions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Petersen, J.L.

1984-06-01

An elementary account is given of the construction of anomalies and effective actions for Goldstone bosons, using the techniques of differential geometry. The emphasis is on simplicity of presentation, comparison of different renormalization schemes and the relationship to bosonization in the case of 2 dimensions. (Auth.)

From physical symmetries to emergent gauge symmetries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barceló, Carlos; Carballo-Rubio, Raúl; Di Filippo, Francesco; Garay, Luis J.

2016-01-01

Gauge symmetries indicate redundancies in the description of the relevant degrees of freedom of a given field theory and restrict the nature of observable quantities. One of the problems faced by emergent theories of relativistic fields is to understand how gauge symmetries can show up in systems that contain no trace of these symmetries at a more fundamental level. In this paper we start a systematic study aimed to establish a satisfactory mathematical and physical picture of this issue, dealing first with abelian field theories. We discuss how the trivialization, due to the decoupling and lack of excitation of some degrees of freedom, of the Noether currents associated with physical symmetries leads to emergent gauge symmetries in specific situations. An example of a relativistic field theory of a vector field is worked out in detail in order to make explicit how this mechanism works and to clarify the physics behind it. The interplay of these ideas with well-known results of importance to the emergent gravity program, such as the Weinberg-Witten theorem, are discussed.

Algebraic characterization of the Witten vertex

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Embacher, F.

1989-01-01

The Witten vertex of open bosonic string field theory is characterized by a set of algebraic properties written down in the Fock-space operator formalism. The typical 3-string overlap structure as well as the correct ghost midpoint insertion are not required from the outset but arise as consequences. 20 refs. (Author)

β-decay in the Skyrme-Witten representation of QCD

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Snyderman, N.J.

1991-01-01

The renormalized coupling strength of the β-decay axial vector current is related to π ± p cross sections through the Adler-Weisberger sum rule, that follows from chiral symmetry. We attempt to understand the Adler-Weisberger sum rule in the 1/N c expansion in QCD, and in Skyrme-Witten model that realizes the 1/N c expansion in the low energy limit, using it to explicitly calculate both g A and the π ± p cross sections

Some relations between twisted K-theory and E8 gauge theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mathai, Varghese; Sati, Hisham

2004-01-01

Recently, Diaconescu, Moore and Witten provided a nontrivial link between K-theory and M-theory, by deriving the partition function of the Ramond-Ramond fields of Type IIA string theory from an E8 gauge theory in eleven dimensions. We give some relations between twisted K-theory and M-theory by adapting the method of Diaconescu-Moore-Witten and Moore-Saulina. In particular, we construct the twisted K-theory torus which defines the partition function, and also discuss the problem from the E8 loop group picture, in which the Dixmier-Douady class is the Neveu-Schwarz field. In the process of doing this, we encounter some mathematics that is new to the physics literature. In particular, the eta differential form, which is the generalization of the eta invariant, arises naturally in this context. We conclude with several open problems in mathematics and string theory. (author)

Topological insulators and superconductors from string theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ryu, Shinsei; Takayanagi, Tadashi

2010-01-01

Topological insulators and superconductors in different spatial dimensions and with different discrete symmetries have been fully classified recently, revealing a periodic structure for the pattern of possible types of topological insulators and superconductors, both in terms of spatial dimensions and in terms of symmetry classes. It was proposed that K theory is behind the periodicity. On the other hand, D-branes, a solitonic object in string theory, are also known to be classified by K theory. In this paper, by inspecting low-energy effective field theories realized by two parallel D-branes, we establish a one-to-one correspondence between the K-theory classification of topological insulators/superconductors and D-brane charges. In addition, the string theory realization of topological insulators and superconductors comes naturally with gauge interactions, and the Wess-Zumino term of the D-branes gives rise to a gauge field theory of topological nature, such as ones with the Chern-Simons term or the θ term in various dimensions. This sheds light on topological insulators and superconductors beyond noninteracting systems, and the underlying topological field theory description thereof. In particular, our string theory realization includes the honeycomb lattice Kitaev model in two spatial dimensions, and its higher-dimensional extensions. Increasing the number of D-branes naturally leads to a realization of topological insulators and superconductors in terms of holography (AdS/CFT).

Instanton Effects in Three-Dimensional Supersymmetric Gauge Theories with Matter

OpenAIRE

Dorey, N.; Tong, D.; Vandoren, S.

1998-01-01

Using standard field theory techniques we compute perturbative and instanton contributions to the Coulomb branch of three-dimensional supersymmetric QCD with N = 2 and N = 4 supersymmetry and gauge group SU(2). For the N = 4 theory with one massless flavor, we confirm the proposal of Seiberg and Witten that the Coulomb branch is the double-cover of the centered moduli space of two BPS monopoles constructed by Atiyah and Hitchin. Introducing a hypermultiplet mass term, we show that the asympto...

The multiparametric deformation of GL(n) and the covariant differential calculus on the quantum vector space

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schirrmacher, A.

1991-01-01

A n(n-1)/2+1 parameter solution of the Yang Baxter equation is presented giving rise to the quantum Group GL x;qij (n). Determinant and inverse are constructed. The group acts covariantly on a quantum vector space of non-commutative coordinates. The associated exterior space can be identified with the differentials exhibiting a multiparameter deformed differential calculus following the construction of Wess and Zumino. (orig.)

The Weinberg-Witten theorem on massless particles: an essay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Loebbert, F.

2008-01-01

In this essay we deal with the Weinberg-Witten theorem which imposes limitations on massless particles. First we motivate a classification of massless particles given by the Poincare group as the symmetry group of Minkowski spacetime. We then use the fundamental structure of the background in the form of Poincare covariance to derive restrictions on charged massless particles known as the Weinberg-Witten theorem. We address possible misunderstandings in the proof of this theorem motivated by several papers on this topic. In the last section the consequences of the theorem are discussed. We treat it in the context of known particles and as a constraint for emergent theories. (Abstract Copyright [2008], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Tunnel splitting for a high-spin molecule in an in-plane field

Science.gov (United States)

Zhu, Jia-Lin

2000-08-01

Direction and strength effects of a magnetic field on the ground-state tunnel splitting for a biaxial spin molecule with the model Hamiltonian H = k1Sz2 + k2Sy2- gµBHzSz- gµBHySy have been investigated within a continuous-spin approach including the Wess-Zumino-Berry term. The topological oscillation and the non-Kramers freezing indicated in the approach are in agreement with those observed in a recent experiment on Fe8 molecular nanomagnets. The behaviour of tunnel splitting with multiple orbits induced by strong fields has been revealed clearly.

Supersymmetric gauge theories, quantization of Mflat, and conformal field theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Teschner, J.; Vartanov, G.S.

2013-02-01

We propose a derivation of the correspondence between certain gauge theories with N=2 supersymmetry and conformal field theory discovered by Alday, Gaiotto and Tachikawa in the spirit of Seiberg-Witten theory. Based on certain results from the literature we argue that the quantum theory of the moduli spaces of flat SL(2,R)-connections represents a nonperturbative ''skeleton'' of the gauge theory, protected by supersymmetry. It follows that instanton partition functions can be characterized as solutions to a Riemann-Hilbert type problem. In order to solve it, we describe the quantization of the moduli spaces of flat connections explicitly in terms of two natural sets of Darboux coordinates. The kernel describing the relation between the two pictures represents the solution to the Riemann Hilbert problem, and is naturally identified with the Liouville conformal blocks.

Dynamics of SU(N) supersymmetric gauge theory

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Douglas, M R [Rutgers - the State Univ., Piscataway, NJ (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy; Shenker, S H [Rutgers - the State Univ., Piscataway, NJ (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy

1995-08-07

We study the physics of the Seiberg-Witten and Argyres-Faraggi-Klemm-Lerche-Theisen-Yankielowicz solutions of D=4, N=2 and N=1 SU(N) supersymmetric gauge theory. The N=1 theory is confining and its effective Lagrangian is a spontaneously broken U(1){sup N-1} abelian gauge theory. We identify some features of its physics which see this internal structure, including a spectrum of different string tensions. We discuss the limit N{yields}{infinity}, identify a scaling regime in which instanton and monopole effects survive, and give exact results for the crossover from weak to strong coupling along a scaling trajectory. We find a large hierarchy of mass scales in the scaling regime, including very light W bosons, and the absence of weak coupling. The light W`s leave a novel imprint on the effective dual magnetic theory. The effective Lagrangian appears to be inadequate to understand the conventional large N limit of the confining N=1 theory. (orig.).

Deriving all p-brane superalgebras via integrability

Science.gov (United States)

Grasso, D. T.; McArthur, I. N.

2018-03-01

In previous work we demonstrated that the enlarged super-Poincare algebras which underlie p-brane and D-brane actions in superstring theory can be directly determined based on the integrability of supersymmetry transformations assigned to fields appearing in Wess-Zumino terms. In that work we derived p-brane superalgebras for p = 2 and 3. Here we extend our previous results and give a compact expression for superalgebras for all valid p.

Deconfinement at the Argyres-Douglas point in SU(2) gauge theory with broken N=2 supersymmetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gorsky, A.; Vainshtein, A.; Yung, A.

2000-01-01

We consider chiral condensates in SU(2) gauge theory with broken N=2 supersymmetry. The matter sector contains an adjoint multiplet and one fundamental flavor. Matter and gaugino condensates are determined by integrating out the adjoint field. The only nonperturbative input is the Affleck-Dine-Seiberg (ADS) superpotential generated by one instanton plus the Konishi anomaly. These results are consistent with those obtained by the 'integrating in' procedure, including a reproduction of the Seiberg-Witten curve from the ADS superpotential. We then calculate monopole, dyon, and charge condensates using the Seiberg-Witten approach. We show that the monopole and charge condensates vanish at the Argyres-Douglas point where the monopole and charge vacua collide. We interpret this phenomenon as a deconfinement of electric and magnetic charges at the Argyres-Douglas point

Gauged multisoliton baby Skyrme model

Science.gov (United States)

Samoilenka, A.; Shnir, Ya.

2016-03-01

We present a study of U (1 ) gauged modification of the 2 +1 -dimensional planar Skyrme model with a particular choice of the symmetry breaking potential term which combines a short-range repulsion and a long-range attraction. In the absence of the gauge interaction, the multisolitons of the model are aloof, as they consist of the individual constituents which are well separated. A peculiar feature of the model is that there are usually several different stable static multisoliton solutions of rather similar energy in a topological sector of given degree. We investigate the pattern of the solutions and find new previously unknown local minima. It is shown that coupling of the aloof planar multi-Skyrmions to the magnetic field strongly affects the pattern of interaction between the constituents. We analyze the dependency of the structure of the solutions, their energies, and magnetic fluxes on the strength of the gauge coupling. It is found that, generically, in the strong coupling limit, the coupling to the gauge field results in effective recovery of the rotational invariance of the configuration.

An introduction to topological Yang-Mills theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baal, P. van; Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht

1990-01-01

In these lecture notes I give a ''historical'' introduction to topological gauge theories. My main aim is to clearly explain the origin of the Hamiltonian which forms the basis of Witten's construction of topological gauge theory. I show how this Hamiltonian arises from Witten's formulation of Morse theory as applied by Floer to the infinite dimensional space of gauge connections, with the Chern-Simons functional as the appriopriate Morse function(al). I therefore discuss the De Rham cohomology, Hodge theory, Morse theory, Floer homology, Witten's construction of the Lagrangian for topological gauge theory, the subsequent BRST formulation of topological quantum field theory and finally Witten's construction of the Donaldson polynomials. (author)

Systematic construction of spin liquids on the square lattice from tensor networks with SU(2) symmetry

Science.gov (United States)

Mambrini, Matthieu; Orús, Román; Poilblanc, Didier

2016-11-01

We elaborate a simple classification scheme of all rank-5 SU(2) spin rotational symmetric tensors according to (i) the onsite physical spin S , (ii) the local Hilbert space V⊗4 of the four virtual (composite) spins attached to each site, and (iii) the irreducible representations of the C4 v point group of the square lattice. We apply our scheme to draw a complete list of all SU(2)-symmetric translationally and rotationally invariant projected entangled pair states (PEPS) with bond dimension D ≤6 . All known SU(2)-symmetric PEPS on the square lattice are recovered and simple generalizations are provided in some cases. More generally, to each of our symmetry class can be associated a (D -1 )-dimensional manifold of spin liquids (potentially) preserving lattice symmetries and defined in terms of D -independent tensors of a given bond dimension D . In addition, generic (low-dimensional) families of PEPS explicitly breaking either (i) particular point-group lattice symmetries (lattice nematics) or (ii) time-reversal symmetry (chiral spin liquids) or (iii) SU(2) spin rotation symmetry down to U(1 ) (spin nematics or Néel antiferromagnets) can also be constructed. We apply this framework to search for new topological chiral spin liquids characterized by well-defined chiral edge modes, as revealed by their entanglement spectrum. In particular, we show how the symmetrization of a double-layer PEPS leads to a chiral topological state with a gapless edge described by a SU (2) 2 Wess-Zumino-Witten model.

Remarks on lattice gauge models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grosse, H.

1981-01-01

The author reports a study of the phase structure of lattice gauge models where one takes as a gauge group a non-abelian discrete subgroup of SU(3). In addition he comments on a lattice action proposed recently by Manton and observes that it violates a positivity property. (Auth.)

Remarks on lattice gauge models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grosse, H.

1981-01-01

The author reports on a study of the phase structure of lattice gauge models where one takes as a gauge group a non-abelian discrete subgroup of SU(3). In addition he comments on a lattice action proposed recently by Manton (1980) and observes that it violates a positivity property. (Auth.)

Dirac and Weyl fermion dynamics on two-dimensional surface

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kavalov, A.R.; Sedrakyan, A.G.; Kostov, I.K.

1986-01-01

Fermions on 2-dimensional surface, embedded into a 3-dimensional space are investigated. The determinant of induced Dirac operator for the Dirac and Weyl fermions is calculated. The reparametrization-invariant effective action is determined by conformal anomaly (giving Liouville action) and also by Lorentz anomaly leading to Wess-Zumino term, the structure of which at d=3 is determined by the Hopf topological invariant of the S 3 → S 2 map

The massless supersymmetric ladder with L rungs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rossi, G.C.; Stanev, Ya.S.

2009-01-01

We show that in the massless N=1 supersymmetric Wess-Zumino theory it is possible to devise a computational strategy by which the x-space calculation of the ladder 4-point correlators can be carried out without introducing any regularization. As an application we derive a representation valid at all loop orders in terms of conformal invariant integrals. We obtain an explicit expression of the 3-loop ladder diagram for collinear external points

Duality in twisted N=4 supersymmetric gauge theories in four dimensions

CERN Document Server

Labastida, J.M.F.; Lozano, Carlos

1999-01-01

We consider a twisted version of the four-dimensional N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with gauge groups SU(2) and SO(3), and bare masses for two of its chiral multiplets, thereby breaking N=4 down to N=2. Using the wall-crossing technique introduced by Moore and Witten within the u-plane approach to twisted topological field theories, we compute the partition function and all the topological correlation functions for the case of simply-connected spin four-manifolds of simple type. By including 't Hooft fluxes, we analyse the properties of the resulting formulae under duality transformations. The partition function transforms in the same way as the one first presented by Vafa and Witten for another twist of the N=4 supersymmetric theory in their strong coupling test of S-duality. Both partition functions coincide on K3. The topological correlation functions turn out to transform covariantly under duality, following a simple pattern which seems to be inherent in a general type of topological quantum field ...

Topological field theories and quantum mechanics on commutative space

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lefrancois, M.

2005-12-01

In particle physics, the Standard Model describes the interactions between fundamental particles. However, it was not able till now to unify quantum field theory and general relativity. This thesis focuses on two different unification approaches, though they might show some compatibility: topological field theories and quantum mechanics on non-commutative space. Topological field theories have been introduced some twenty years ago and have a very strong link to mathematics: their observables are topological invariants of the manifold they are defined on. In this thesis, we first give interest to topological Yang-Mills. We develop a superspace formalism and give a systematic method for the determination of the observables. This approach allows, once projected on a particular super gauge (of Wess-Zumino type), to recover the existing results but it also gives a generalisation to the case of an unspecified super-gauge. We have then be able to show that the up-to-now known observables correspond to the most general form of the solutions. This superspace formalism can be applied to more complex models; the case of topological gravity is given here in example. Quantum mechanics on noncommutative space provides an extension of the Heisenberg algebra of ordinary quantum mechanics. What differs here is that the components of the position or momentum operators do not commute with each other anymore. This implies to introduce a fundamental length. The second part of this thesis focuses on the description of the commutation algebra. Applications are made to low-dimensional quantum systems (Landau system, harmonic oscillator...) and to supersymmetric systems. (author)

Topological field theories and quantum mechanics on commutative space; Theories des champs topologiques et mecanique quantique en espace non-commutatif

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lefrancois, M

2005-12-15

In particle physics, the Standard Model describes the interactions between fundamental particles. However, it was not able till now to unify quantum field theory and general relativity. This thesis focuses on two different unification approaches, though they might show some compatibility: topological field theories and quantum mechanics on non-commutative space. Topological field theories have been introduced some twenty years ago and have a very strong link to mathematics: their observables are topological invariants of the manifold they are defined on. In this thesis, we first give interest to topological Yang-Mills. We develop a superspace formalism and give a systematic method for the determination of the observables. This approach allows, once projected on a particular super gauge (of Wess-Zumino type), to recover the existing results but it also gives a generalisation to the case of an unspecified super-gauge. We have then be able to show that the up-to-now known observables correspond to the most general form of the solutions. This superspace formalism can be applied to more complex models; the case of topological gravity is given here in example. Quantum mechanics on noncommutative space provides an extension of the Heisenberg algebra of ordinary quantum mechanics. What differs here is that the components of the position or momentum operators do not commute with each other anymore. This implies to introduce a fundamental length. The second part of this thesis focuses on the description of the commutation algebra. Applications are made to low-dimensional quantum systems (Landau system, harmonic oscillator...) and to supersymmetric systems. (author)

Model of unified gauge fields

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leite Lopes, J.

1998-04-01

In this work, we discuss the physical ideas which represents the basis for the unified gauge field model. Despite of the difficulties that we presently have for embodying in a natural manner muons and hadrons in that model, we have the feeling that we are on the way which seems to lead to the construction of a theory in which the Maxwell electromagnetic field and the Fermi weak interaction field are manifestations of a unique subjacent physical entity - the unified gauge fields. (author)

Supersymmetry and String Theory: Beyond the Standard Model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rocek, Martin

2007-01-01

When I was asked to review Michael Dine's new book, 'Supersymmetry and String Theory', I was pleased to have a chance to read a book by such an established authority on how string theory might become testable. The book is most useful as a list of current topics of interest in modern theoretical physics. It gives a succinct summary of a huge variety of subjects, including the standard model, symmetry, Yang-Mills theory, quantization of gauge theories, the phenomenology of the standard model, the renormalization group, lattice gauge theory, effective field theories, anomalies, instantons, solitons, monopoles, dualities, technicolor, supersymmetry, the minimal supersymmetric standard model, dynamical supersymmetry breaking, extended supersymmetry, Seiberg-Witten theory, general relativity, cosmology, inflation, bosonic string theory, the superstring, the heterotic string, string compactifications, the quintic, string dualities, large extra dimensions, and, in the appendices, Goldstone's theorem, path integrals, and exact beta-functions in supersymmetric gauge theories. Its breadth is both its strength and its weakness: it is not (and could not possibly be) either a definitive reference for experts, where the details of thorny technical issues are carefully explored, or a textbook for graduate students, with detailed pedagogical expositions. As such, it complements rather than replaces the much narrower and more focussed String Theory I and II volumes by Polchinski, with their deep insights, as well the two older volumes by Green, Schwarz, and Witten, which develop string theory pedagogically. (book review)

Gauge-Higgs Unification Models in Six Dimensions with S2/Z2 Extra Space and GUT Gauge Symmetry

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cheng-Wei Chiang

2012-01-01

Full Text Available We review gauge-Higgs unification models based on gauge theories defined on six-dimensional spacetime with S2/Z2 topology in the extra spatial dimensions. Nontrivial boundary conditions are imposed on the extra S2/Z2 space. This review considers two scenarios for constructing a four-dimensional theory from the six-dimensional model. One scheme utilizes the SO(12 gauge symmetry with a special symmetry condition imposed on the gauge field, whereas the other employs the E6 gauge symmetry without requiring the additional symmetry condition. Both models lead to a standard model-like gauge theory with the SU(3×SU(2L×U(1Y(×U(12 symmetry and SM fermions in four dimensions. The Higgs sector of the model is also analyzed. The electroweak symmetry breaking can be realized, and the weak gauge boson and Higgs boson masses are obtained.

Continuous degeneracy of non-supersymmetric vacua

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sun Zheng

2009-01-01

In global supersymmetric Wess-Zumino models with minimal Kaehler potentials, F-type supersymmetry breaking always yields instability or continuous degeneracy of non-supersymmetric vacua. As a generalization of the original O'Raifeartaigh's result, the existence of instability or degeneracy is true to any higher order corrections at tree level for models even with non-renormalizable superpotentials. The degeneracy generically coincides the R-axion direction under some assumptions of R-charge assignment, but generally requires neither R-symmetries nor any assumption of generic superpotentials. The result also confirms the well-known fact that tree level supersymmetry breaking is a very rare occurrence in global supersymmetric theories with minimal Kaehler potentials. The implication for effective field theory method in the landscape is discussed and we point out that choosing models with minimal Kaehler potentials may result in unexpected answers to the vacuum statistics. Supergravity theories or theories with non-minimal Kaehler potentials in general do not suffer from the existence of instability or degeneracy. But very strong gauge dynamics or small compactification dimension reduces the Kaehler potential from non-minimal to minimal, and gravity decoupling limit reduces supergravity to global supersymmetry. Instability or degeneracy may appear in these limits. Away from these limits, a large number of non-SUSY vacua may still be found in an intermediate region.

A gauge model with eight quarks

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ragiadakos, C.

1977-01-01

A gauge model with eight quarks, on the basis of the SU(2)U(1) gauge group, containing the Weinberg-Salam-GIM model is proposed. It may explain the ratio of the neutral current and charged current found at Gargamelle and HPWF, the large y anomaly and, with a convenient introduction of the leptonic sector, the energetic trimuons observed recently in neutrino nucleon collisions

Possible higher order phase transition in large-N gauge theory at finite temperature

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nishimura, Hiromichi

2017-08-07

We analyze the phase structure of SU(¥) gauge theory at finite temperature using matrix models. Our basic assumption is that the effective potential is dominated by double-trace terms for the Polyakov loops. As a function of the temperature, a background field for the Polyakov loop, and a quartic coupling, it exhibits a universal structure: in the large portion of the parameter space, there is a continuous phase transition analogous to the third-order phase transition of Gross,Witten and Wadia, but the order of phase transition can be higher than third. We show that different confining potentials give rise to drastically different behavior of the eigenvalue density and the free energy. Therefore lattice simulations at large N could probe the order of phase transition and test our results. Critical

Computer calculation of Witten's 3-manifold invariant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Freed, D.S.; Gompf, R.E.

1991-01-01

Witten's 2+1 dimensional Chern-Simons theory is exactly solvable. We compute the partition function, a topological invariant of 3-manifolds, on generalized Seifert spaces. Thus we test the path integral using the theory of 3-manifolds. In particular, we compare the exact solution with the asymptotic formula predicted by perturbation theory. We conclude that this path integral works as advertised and gives an effective topological invariant. (orig.)

Manin's quantum spaces and standard quantum mechanics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Floratos, E.G.

1990-01-01

Manin's non-commutative coordinate algebra of quantum groups is shown to be identical, for unitary coordinates, with the conventional operator algebras of quantum mechanics. The deformation parameter q is a pure phase for unitary coordinates. When q is a root of unity. Manin's algebra becomes the matrix algebra of quantum mechanics for a discretized and finite phase space. Implications for quantum groups and the associated non-commutative differential calculus of Wess and Zumino are discussed. (orig.)

Gauge Model of High-Tc Superconductivity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ng, Sze Kui

2012-01-01

A simple gauge model of superconductivity is presented. The seagull vertex term of this gauge model gives an attractive potential between electrons for the forming of Cooper pairs of superconductivity. This gauge model gives a unified description of superconductivity and magnetism including antiferromagnetism, pseudogap phenomenon, stripes phenomenon, paramagnetic Meissner effect, Type I and Type II supeconductivity and high-T c superconductivity. The doping mechanism of superconductivity is found. It is shown that the critical temperature T c is related to the ionization energies of elements and can be computed by a formula of T c . For the high-T c superconductors such as La 2-x Sr x CuO 4 , Y Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7 , and MgB 2 , the computational results of T c agree with the experimental results.

Two applications of Berry's phase in fermionic field theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goff, W.E.

1989-01-01

When quantized fermions are coupled to a background field, nontrivial effects may arise due to the geometry and/or topology of the space of background field configurations. In this thesis, two examples of Berry's geometrical phase in a fermionic sea are studied: the anomalous commutator in gauge field theory and the intrinsic orbital angular momentum in superfluid 3 He-A. Chapter 1 is a brief introduction. Chapter 2 reviews Berry's Phase and several toy models. Effective actions are calculated for two models in gradient expansions and the role of a geometric term is discussed. Chapter 3 investigates the anomalous commutator in the generators of gauge symmetry in field theory. Using an idea introduced by Sonoda, the Berry phase of the vacuum state is found to be the sum of the Berry phases of the individual states in the sea plus a piece due to the infinite nature of the Dirac sea. The latter is the anomalous commutator. Also found is a relative minus sign between the commutator of the total gauge symmetry generators and the commutator of the fermionic charge generators. Examples are given. In Chapter 4, a geometric way of deriving the intrinsic orbital angular momentum term in the 3 He-A equations of motion is presented. Homogeneous, adiabatically evolving textures at zero temperature are found to pick up a nonzero groundstate Berry phase, where the ground state is taken to be a filled sea of Bogoliubov quasiparticles. Interpreting the phase as a Wess-Zumino effective action for the condensate provides a geometric origin for the intrinsic angular momentum. The idea of a ground-state phase is then extended to other gap functions and a more general result is obtained. Chapter 5 concludes with a discussion of the possibility of unifying the two problems in a more general framework and directions for further work

Twisted Poincare invariance, noncommutative gauge theories and UV-IR mixing

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Balachandran, A.P. [Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse NY, 13244-1130 (United States)], E-mail: bal@physics.syr.edu; Pinzul, A. [Insituto de Fisica, Universidade de Sao Paulo, C.P. 66318, 05315-970 Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)], E-mail: apinzul@fma.if.usp.br; Queiroz, A.R. [Centro Internacional de Fisica da Materia Condensada, Universidade de Brasilia, C.P. 04667, Brasilia, DF (Brazil); Universidade Federal de Goias, Campus Avancado de Catalao, Departamento de Fisica, St. Universitario - 75700-000, Catalao-GO (Brazil)], E-mail: amilcarq@gmail.com

2008-10-09

In the absence of gauge fields, quantum field theories on the Groenewold-Moyal (GM) plane are invariant under a twisted action of the Poincare group if they are formulated following [M. Chaichian, P.P. Kulish, K. Nishijima, A. Tureanu, Phys. Lett. B 604 (2004) 98, (hep-th/0408069); P. Aschieri, C. Blohmann, M. Dimitrijevic, F. Meyer, P. Schupp, J. Wess, Class. Quantum Grav. 22 (2005) 3511, (hep-th/0504183); A.P. Balachandran, A. Pinzul, B.A. Qureshi, S. Vaidya, (hep-th/0608138); A.P. Balachandran, A. Pinzul, B.A. Qureshi, S. Vaidya, (arXiv: 0708.0069 [hep-th]); A.P. Balachandran, A. Pinzul, B.A. Qureshi, S. Vaidya, (arXiv: 0708.1379 [hep-th]); A.P. Balachandran, A. Pinzul, B.A. Qureshi, (arXiv: 0708.1779 [hep-th])]. In that formulation, such theories also have no UV-IR mixing [A.P. Balachandran, A. Pinzul, B.A. Qureshi, Phys. Lett. B 634 (2006) 434, (hep-th/0508151)]. Here we investigate UV-IR mixing in gauge theories with matter following the approach of [A.P. Balachandran, A. Pinzul, B. A. Qureshi, S. Vaidya, (hep-th/0608138); A.P. Balachandran, A. Pinzul, B.A. Qureshi, S. Vaidya, (arXiv: 0708.0069 [hep-th])]. We prove that there is UV-IR mixing in the one-loop diagram of the S-matrix involving a coupling between gauge and matter fields on the GM plane, the gauge field being non-Abelian. There is no UV-IR mixing if it is Abelian.

Supersymmetric gauge theories, quantization of M{sub flat}, and conformal field theory

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Teschner, J.; Vartanov, G.S.

2013-02-15

We propose a derivation of the correspondence between certain gauge theories with N=2 supersymmetry and conformal field theory discovered by Alday, Gaiotto and Tachikawa in the spirit of Seiberg-Witten theory. Based on certain results from the literature we argue that the quantum theory of the moduli spaces of flat SL(2,R)-connections represents a nonperturbative ''skeleton'' of the gauge theory, protected by supersymmetry. It follows that instanton partition functions can be characterized as solutions to a Riemann-Hilbert type problem. In order to solve it, we describe the quantization of the moduli spaces of flat connections explicitly in terms of two natural sets of Darboux coordinates. The kernel describing the relation between the two pictures represents the solution to the Riemann Hilbert problem, and is naturally identified with the Liouville conformal blocks.

Soft-collinear supersymmetry

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Cohen, Timothy [Institute of Theoretical Science, University of Oregon,Eugene, OR 97403 (United States); Elor, Gilly [Institute of Theoretical Science, University of Oregon,Eugene, OR 97403 (United States); Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Cambridge, MA 02139 (United States); Larkoski, Andrew J. [Physics Department, Reed College,Portland, OR 97202 (United States); Center for Fundamental Laws of Nature, Harvard University,Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States)

2017-03-03

Soft-Collinear Effective Theory (SCET) is a framework for modeling the infrared structure of theories whose long distance behavior is dominated by soft and collinear divergences. This paper demonstrates that SCET can be made compatible with supersymmetry (SUSY). Explicitly, the effective Lagrangian for N=1 SUSY Yang-Mills is constructed and shown to be a complete description for the infrared of this model. For contrast, we also construct the effective Lagrangian for chiral SUSY theories with Yukawa couplings, specifically the single flavor Wess-Zumino model. Only a subset of the infrared divergences are reproduced by the Lagrangian — to account for the complete low energy description requires the inclusion of local operators. SCET is formulated by expanding fields along a light-like direction and then subsequently integrating out degrees-of-freedom that are away from the light-cone. Defining the theory with respect to a specific frame obfuscates Lorentz invariance — given that SUSY is a space-time symmetry, this presents a possible obstruction. The cleanest language with which to expose the congruence between SUSY and SCET requires exploring two novel formalisms: collinear fermions as two-component Weyl spinors, and SCET in light-cone gauge. By expressing SUSY Yang-Mills in “collinear superspace', a slice of superspace derived by integrating out half the fermionic coordinates, the light-cone gauge SUSY SCET theory can be written in terms of superfields. As a byproduct, bootstrapping up to the full theory yields the first algorithmic approach for determining the SUSY Yang-Mills on-shell superspace action. This work paves the way toward discovering the effective theory for the collinear limit of N=4 SUSY Yang-Mills.

Renormalization of gauge fields models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Becchi, C.; Rouet, A.; Stora, R.

1974-01-01

A new approach to gauge field models is described. It is based on the Bogoliubov-Parasiuk-Hepp-Zimmermann (BPHZ) renormalization scheme making extensive use of the quantum action principle, and the Slavnov invariance. The quantum action principle being first summarized in the framework of the BPHZ is then applied to a global symmetry problem. The symmetry property of the gauge field Lagrangians in the tree approximation is exhibited, and the preservation of this property at the quantum level is discussed. The main results relative to the Abelian and SU(2) Higgs-Kibble models are briefly reviewed [fr

New results in topological field theory and Abelian gauge theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thompson, G.

1995-10-01

These are the lecture notes of a set of lectures delivered at the 1995 Trieste summer school in June. I review some recent work on duality in four dimensional Maxwell theory on arbitrary four manifolds, as well as a new set of topological invariants known as the Seiberg-Witten invariants. Much of the necessary background material is given, including a crash course in topological field theory, cohomology of manifolds, topological gauge theory and the rudiments of four manifold theory. My main hope is to wet the readers appetite, so that he or she will wish to read the original works and perhaps to enter this field. (author). 41 refs, 5 figs

New results in topological field theory and Abelian gauge theory

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Thompson, G

1995-10-01

These are the lecture notes of a set of lectures delivered at the 1995 Trieste summer school in June. I review some recent work on duality in four dimensional Maxwell theory on arbitrary four manifolds, as well as a new set of topological invariants known as the Seiberg-Witten invariants. Much of the necessary background material is given, including a crash course in topological field theory, cohomology of manifolds, topological gauge theory and the rudiments of four manifold theory. My main hope is to wet the readers appetite, so that he or she will wish to read the original works and perhaps to enter this field. (author). 41 refs, 5 figs.

Mathematical models and accuracy of radioisotope gauges

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Urbanski, P.

1989-01-01

Mathematical expressions relating the variance and mean value of the intrinsic error with the parameters of one and multi-dimensional mathematical models of radioisotope gauges are given. Variance of the intrinsic error at the model's output is considered as a sum of the variances of the random error which is created in the first stages of the measuring chain and the random error of calibration procedure. The mean value of the intrinsic error (systematic error) appears always for nonlinear models. It was found that the optimal model of calibration procedure not always corresponds to the minimal value of the intrinsic error. The derived expressions are applied for the assessment of the mathematical models of some of the existing gauges (radioisotope belt weigher, XRF analyzer and coating thickness gauge). 7 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab. (author)

Relation between nonlinear models and gauge ambiguities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Balachandran, A.P.; Ramachandran, R.; Rupertsberger, H.; Skagerstam, B.S.

1980-01-01

We show that the solutions of a class of nonlinear models also generate gauge ambiguities in the vacuum sector of Yang-Mills theories. Our results extend known connections between gauge ambiguities and certain nonlinear sigma-models, and clarify the underlying group theory. For many nonlinear models, we also give a simple, intrinsic parametrization of physical fields (which have values in a homogeneous space of a group). (orig.)

Effective model for deconfinement at high temperature

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Skokov, Vladimir

2013-01-01

In this talk I consider the deconfining phase transition at nonzero temperature in a SU(N) gauge theory, using a matrix model. I present some results including the position of the deconfining critical endpoint, where the first order transition for deconfinement is washed out by the presence of massive, dynamical quarks, and properites of the phase transition in the limit of large N. I show that the model is soluble at infinite N, and exhibits a Gross-Witten-Wadia transition

Gauge theories and integrable lattice models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Witten, E.

1989-01-01

Investigations of new knot polynomials discovered in the last few years have shown them to be intimately connected with soluble models of two dimensional lattice statistical mechanics. In this paper, these results, which in time may illuminate the whole question of why integrable lattice models exist, are reconsidered from the point of view of three dimensional gauge theory. Expectation values of Wilson lines in three dimensional Chern-Simons gauge theories can be computed by evaluating the partition functions of certain lattice models on finite graphs obtained by projecting the Wilson lines to the plane. The models in question - previously considered in both the knot theory and statistical mechanics literature - are IRF models in which the local Boltzmann weights are the matrix elements of braiding matrices in rational conformal field theories. These matrix elements, in turn, can be represented in three dimensional gauge theory in terms of the expectation value of a certain tetrahedral configuration of Wilson lines. This representation makes manifest a surprising symmetry of the braiding matrix elements in conformal field theory. (orig.)

Tachyon condensation in the D0/D4 system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

David, Justin R.

2000-01-01

The D0/D4 system with a Neveu-Schwarz B-field in the spatial directions of the D4-brane has a tachyon in the spectrum of the (0,4) strings. The tachyon signals the instability of the system to form a bound state of the D0-brane with the D4-brane. We use the Wess-Zumino-Witten like open superstring field theory formulated by Berkovits to study the tachyon potential for this system. The tachyon potential lies outside the universality class of the D-brane anti-D-brane system. It is a function of the B-field. We calculate the tachyon potential at the zeroth level approximation. The minimum of the tachyon potential in this case is expected to reproduce the mass defect involved in the formation of the D0/D4 bound state. We compare the minimum of the tachyon potential with the mass defect in three cases. For small values of the B-field we obtain 70% of the expected mass defect. For large values of the B-field with Pf(2πα' B) > 0 the potential reduces to that of the D-brane anti-D-brane reproducing 62% of the expected mass defect. For large values of the B-field with Pf(2πα' B) < 0 the minimum of the tachyon potential gives 25% of the expected mass defect. At the tachyon condensate we show that the (0,4) strings decouple from the low energy dynamics. (author)

Gauge amplitude identities by on-shell recursion relation in S-matrix program

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Feng Bo; Huang Rijun; Jia Yin

2011-01-01

Using only the Britto-Cachazo-Feng-Witten (BCFW) on-shell recursion relation we prove color-order reversed relation, U(1)-decoupling relation, Kleiss-Kuijf (KK) relation and Bern-Carrasco-Johansson (BCJ) relation for color-ordered gauge amplitude in the framework of S-matrix program without relying on Lagrangian description. Our derivation is the first pure field theory proof of the new discovered BCJ identity, which substantially reduces the color-ordered basis from (n-2)! to (n-3)!. Our proof gives also its physical interpretation as the mysterious bonus relation with 1/(z 2 ) behavior under suitable on-shell deformation for no adjacent pair.

Comment on Chronology and Numerology of Research on Supersymmetry

Science.gov (United States)

Shifman, M.

I will refer to the "Prehistoric Era" all works relevant to supersymmetry which were done before the first publication of Wess and Zumino on this subject. Eight papers belonging to the Prehistoric Era are mentioned in Marinov's article Revealing the Path to the Superworld and/or in my Introduction. Three seminal papers of Volkov and Akulov, and Volkov and Soroka, although not explicitly cited, are of paramount importance and should be added to the list, which, thus, contains eleven publications.

The superfield method for the calculation of effective potentials applied to chiral superfields: Wess-Zumino and O'Raifeartaigh models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Santos, R.P. dos.

1986-12-01

The superfield method is applied to the effective potential calculation in supersymmetric models. The Weinberg and Jackiw methods are discussed in the context of supersymmetric field theories, highlighting the greater simplicity obtained when the Feynman super diagrams are used. The chiral superfield propagators are derived and their relations with components field are commented. (L.C.J.A.)

New models of gauge- and gravity-mediated supersymmetry breaking

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Poppitz, E.; Trivedi, S.P.

1997-01-01

We show that supersymmetry breaking in a class of theories with SU(N)xSU(N-2) gauge symmetry can be studied in a calculable σ model. We use the σ model to show that the supersymmetry-breaking vacuum in these theories leaves a large subgroup of flavor symmetries intact, and to calculate the masses of the low-lying states. By embedding the standard model gauge groups in the unbroken flavor symmetry group we construct a class of models in which supersymmetry breaking is communicated by both gravitational and gauge interactions. One distinguishing feature of these models is that the messenger fields, responsible for the gauge-mediated communication of supersymmetry breaking, are an integral part of the supersymmetry-breaking sector. We also show how, by lowering the scale that suppresses the nonrenormalizable operators, a class of purely gauge-mediated models with a combined supersymmetry-breaking-cum-messenger sector can be built. We briefly discuss the phenomenological features of the models we construct. copyright 1997 The American Physical Society

Global anomalies in chiral lattice gauge theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baer, O.

2000-07-01

We study global anomalies in a new approach to chiral gauge theories on the lattice, which is based on the Ginsparg-Wilson relation. In this approach, global anomalies make it impossible to define consistently a fermionic measure for the functional integral. We show that a global anomaly occurs in an SU(2) theory if the fundamental representation is used for the fermion fields. The generalization to higher representations is also discussed. In addition we establish a close relation between global anomalies and the spectral flow of the Dirac operator and employ it in a numerical computation to prove the existence of the global SU(2) anomaly in a different way. This method is inspired by an earlier work of Witten who first discovered this type of anomalies in continuum field theory. (orig.)

Extended Nambu models: Their relation to gauge theories

Science.gov (United States)

Escobar, C. A.; Urrutia, L. F.

2017-05-01

Yang-Mills theories supplemented by an additional coordinate constraint, which is solved and substituted in the original Lagrangian, provide examples of the so-called Nambu models, in the case where such constraints arise from spontaneous Lorentz symmetry breaking. Some explicit calculations have shown that, after additional conditions are imposed, Nambu models are capable of reproducing the original gauge theories, thus making Lorentz violation unobservable and allowing the interpretation of the corresponding massless gauge bosons as the Goldstone bosons arising from the spontaneous symmetry breaking. A natural question posed by this approach in the realm of gauge theories is to determine under which conditions the recovery of an arbitrary gauge theory from the corresponding Nambu model, defined by a general constraint over the coordinates, becomes possible. We refer to these theories as extended Nambu models (ENM) and emphasize the fact that the defining coordinate constraint is not treated as a standard gauge fixing term. At this level, the mechanism for generating the constraint is irrelevant and the case of spontaneous Lorentz symmetry breaking is taken only as a motivation, which naturally bring this problem under consideration. Using a nonperturbative Hamiltonian analysis we prove that the ENM yields the original gauge theory after we demand current conservation for all time, together with the imposition of the Gauss laws constraints as initial conditions upon the dynamics of the ENM. The Nambu models yielding electrodynamics, Yang-Mills theories and linearized gravity are particular examples of our general approach.

Unification of gauge couplings in radiative neutrino mass models

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hagedorn, Claudia; Ohlsson, Tommy; Riad, Stella

2016-01-01

masses at one-loop level and (III) models with particles in the adjoint representation of SU(3). In class (I), gauge couplings unify in a few models and adding dark matter amplifies the chances for unification. In class (II), about a quarter of the models admits gauge coupling unification. In class (III......We investigate the possibility of gauge coupling unification in various radiative neutrino mass models, which generate neutrino masses at one- and/or two-loop level. Renormalization group running of gauge couplings is performed analytically and numerically at one- and two-loop order, respectively....... We study three representative classes of radiative neutrino mass models: (I) minimal ultraviolet completions of the dimension-7 ΔL = 2 operators which generate neutrino masses at one- and/or two-loop level without and with dark matter candidates, (II) models with dark matter which lead to neutrino...

A Model of Direct Gauge Mediation of Supersymmetry Breaking

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Murayama, H.

1997-01-01

We present the first phenomenologically viable model of gauge meditation of supersymmetry breaking without a messenger sector or gauge singlet fields. The standard model gauge groups couple directly to the sector which breaks supersymmetry dynamically. Despite the direct coupling, it can preserve perturbative gauge unification thanks to the inverted hierarchy mechanism. There is no dangerous negative contribution to m 2 q , m 2 l due to two-loop renormalization group equation. The potentially nonuniversal supergravity contribution to m 2 q and m 2 l can be suppressed enough. The model is completely chiral, and one does not need to forbid mass terms for the messenger fields by hand. Cosmology of the model is briefly discussed. copyright 1997 The American Physical Society

Non-perturbative test of the Witten-Veneziano formula from lattice QCD

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cichy, Krzysztof; Jansen, Karl; Ottnad, Konstantin; Urbach, Carsten; Bonn Univ.

2015-10-01

We compute both sides of the Witten-Veneziano formula using lattice techniques. For the one side we perform dedicated quenched simulations and use the spectral projector method to determine the topological susceptibility in the pure Yang-Mills theory. The other side we determine in lattice QCD with N f =2 +1+1 dynamical Wilson twisted mass fermions including for the first time also the flavour singlet decay constant. The Witten-Veneziano formula represents a leading order expression in the framework of chiral perturbation theory and we also employ leading order chiral perturbation theory to relate the flavor singlet decay constant to the relevant decay constant parameters in the quark flavor basis and flavor non-singlet decay constants. After taking the continuum and the SU(2) chiral limits we compare both sides and find good agreement within uncertainties.

Dyons, Superstrings, and Wormholes: Exact Solutions of the Non-Abelian Dirac-Born-Infeld Action

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edward A. Olszewski

2015-01-01

Full Text Available We construct dyon solutions on coincident D4-branes, obtained by applying T-duality transformations to type I SO(32 superstring theory in 10 dimensions. These solutions, which are exact, are obtained from an action comprising the non-Abelian Dirac-Born-Infeld action and a Wess-Zumino-like action. When one spatial dimension of the D4-branes is taken to be vanishingly small, the dyons are analogous to the ’t Hooft/Polyakov monopole residing in a 3+1-dimensional spacetime, where the component of the Yang-Mills potential transforming as a Lorentz scalar is reinterpreted as a Higgs boson transforming in the adjoint representation of the gauge group. Applying a T-duality transformation to the vanishingly small spatial dimension, we obtain a collection of D3-branes, not all of which are coincident. Two of the D3-branes, distinct from the others, acquire intrinsic, finite curvature and are connected by a wormhole. The dyons possess electric and magnetic charges whose values on each D3-brane are the negative of one another. The gravitational effects, which arise after the T-duality transformation, occur despite the fact that the action of the system does not explicitly include the gravitational interaction. These solutions provide a simple example of the subtle relationship between the Yang-Mills and gravitational interactions, that is, gauge/gravity duality.

K-theoretic Gromov-Witten invariants in genus 0 and integrable hierarchies

Science.gov (United States)

Milanov, Todor; Tonita, Valentin

2018-03-01

We prove that the genus 0 invariants in K-theoretic Gromov-Witten theory are governed by an integrable hierarchy of hydrodynamic type. If the K-theoretic quantum product is semisimple, then we also prove the completeness of the hierarchy.

Global gauge fixing in lattice gauge theories

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fachin, S.; Parrinello, C. (Physics Department, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, New York (USA))

1991-10-15

We propose a covariant, nonperturbative gauge-fixing procedure for lattice gauge theories that avoids the problem of Gribov copies. This is closely related to a recent proposal for a gauge fixing in the continuum that we review. The lattice gauge-fixed model allows both analytical and numerical investigations: on the analytical side, explicit nonperturbative calculations of gauge-dependent quantities can be easily performed in the framework of a generalized strong-coupling expansion, while on the numerical side a stochastic gauge-fixing algorithm is very naturally associated with the scheme. In both applications one can study the gauge dependence of the results, since the model actually provides a smooth'' family of gauge-fixing conditions.

Prototype models for particle structure in gauge supersymmetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nath, P.; Arnowitt, R.

1981-01-01

Particle content in prototype models of gauge supersymmetry is examined. The properties of the prototype models which are in common with those of gauge supersymmetries are the initial non-diagonality of the quadratic part of the action, global supersymmetry invariance and the existence of a mass parameter in the quadratic part of the action. The analysis exhibits the particle content of prototype models to consist of normal poles and sets of complex conjugate poles on the physical sheet. Diagonalization of the hamiltonian can be carried out for such systems (in contrast to the prototype model of conformal supergravity where dipole ghosts arose). Essentially the pole structure observed in the prototype models of gauge supersymmetry is the supersymmetric analogue of the Lee-Wick phenomenon where the normal and the complex conjugate poles form global multiplets. (orig.)

More on boundary holographic Witten diagrams

Science.gov (United States)

Sato, Yoshiki

2018-01-01

In this paper we discuss geodesic Witten diagrams in general holographic conformal field theories with boundary or defect. In boundary or defect conformal field theory, two-point functions are nontrivial and can be decomposed into conformal blocks in two distinct ways; ambient channel decomposition and boundary channel decomposition. In our previous work [A. Karch and Y. Sato, J. High Energy Phys. 09 (2017) 121., 10.1007/JHEP09(2017)121] we only consider two-point functions of same operators. We generalize our previous work to a situation where operators in two-point functions are different. We obtain two distinct decomposition for two-point functions of different operators.

Noncommutative gauge theory and symmetry breaking in matrix models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grosse, Harald; Steinacker, Harold; Lizzi, Fedele

2010-01-01

We show how the fields and particles of the standard model can be naturally realized in noncommutative gauge theory. Starting with a Yang-Mills matrix model in more than four dimensions, an SU(n) gauge theory on a Moyal-Weyl space arises with all matter and fields in the adjoint of the gauge group. We show how this gauge symmetry can be broken spontaneously down to SU(3) c xSU(2) L xU(1) Q [resp. SU(3) c xU(1) Q ], which couples appropriately to all fields in the standard model. An additional U(1) B gauge group arises which is anomalous at low energies, while the trace-U(1) sector is understood in terms of emergent gravity. A number of additional fields arise, which we assume to be massive, in a pattern that is reminiscent of supersymmetry. The symmetry breaking might arise via spontaneously generated fuzzy spheres, in which case the mechanism is similar to brane constructions in string theory.

Atomic quantum simulation of the lattice gauge-Higgs model: Higgs couplings and emergence of exact local gauge symmetry.

Science.gov (United States)

Kasamatsu, Kenichi; Ichinose, Ikuo; Matsui, Tetsuo

2013-09-13

Recently, the possibility of quantum simulation of dynamical gauge fields was pointed out by using a system of cold atoms trapped on each link in an optical lattice. However, to implement exact local gauge invariance, fine-tuning the interaction parameters among atoms is necessary. In the present Letter, we study the effect of violation of the U(1) local gauge invariance by relaxing the fine-tuning of the parameters and showing that a wide variety of cold atoms is still a faithful quantum simulator for a U(1) gauge-Higgs model containing a Higgs field sitting on sites. The clarification of the dynamics of this gauge-Higgs model sheds some light upon various unsolved problems, including the inflation process of the early Universe. We study the phase structure of this model by Monte Carlo simulation and also discuss the atomic characteristics of the Higgs phase in each simulator.

Finite-temperature behavior of mass hierarchies in supersymmetric theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ginsparg, P.

1982-01-01

It is shown that Witten's mechanism for producing a large gauge hierarchy in supersymmetric theories leads to a novel symmetry behavior at finite temperature. The exponentially large expectation value in such models develops at a critical temperature of order of the small (supersymmetry-breaking) scale. The phase transition can proceed without need of vacuum tunnelling. Models based on Witten's mechanism thus require a reexamination of the standard cosmological treatment of grand unified theories. (orig.)

Aspects of NT ≥ 2 topological gauge theories and D-branes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blau, M.; Thompson, G.

1996-12-01

Recently, topological field theories with extended N T > 1 topological symmetries have appeared in various contexts, e.g. in the discussion of S-duality in supersymmetry gauge theories, as world volume theories of Dirichlet p-branes in string theory, and in a general discussion of 'balanced' or critical topological theories. Here we will comment on, explain, or expand on various aspects of these theories, thus complementing the already existing discussions of such models in the literature. We comment on various aspects of topological gauge theories possessing N T ≥ 2 topological symmetry: 1. We show that the construction of Vafa-Witten and Dijkgraaf-Moore of 'balanced' topological field theories is equivalent to an earlier construction in terms of N T = 2 superfields inspired by supersymmetric quantum mechanics. 2. We explain the relation between topological field theories calculating signed and unsigned sums of Euler numbers of moduli spaces. 3. We show that the topological twist of N = 4 d = 4 Yang-Mills theory recently constructed by Marcus is formally a deformation of four-dimensional super-BF theory. 4. We construct a novel N T = 2 topological twist of N = 4 d = 3 Yang-Mills theory, a 'mirror' of the Casson invariant model, with certain unusual features (e.g. no bosonic scalar field and hence no underlying equivariant cohomology). 5. We give a complete classification of the topological twists of N = 8 d = 3 Yang-Mills theory and show that they are realized as world-volume theories of Dirichlet two-brane instantons wrapping supersymmetric three-cycles of Calabi-Yau three-folds and G 2 -holonomy Joyce manifolds. 6. We describe the topological gauge theories associated to D-string instantons on holomorphic curves in K3s and Calabi-Yau 3-folds. 48 refs

Flavor gauge models below the Fermi scale

Science.gov (United States)

Babu, K. S.; Friedland, A.; Machado, P. A. N.; Mocioiu, I.

2017-12-01

The mass and weak interaction eigenstates for the quarks of the third generation are very well aligned, an empirical fact for which the Standard Model offers no explanation. We explore the possibility that this alignment is due to an additional gauge symmetry in the third generation. Specifically, we construct and analyze an explicit, renormalizable model with a gauge boson, X, corresponding to the B - L symmetry of the third family. Having a relatively light (in the MeV to multi-GeV range), flavor-nonuniversal gauge boson results in a variety of constraints from different sources. By systematically analyzing 20 different constraints, we identify the most sensitive probes: kaon, B +, D + and Upsilon decays, D-{\\overline{D}}^0 mixing, atomic parity violation, and neutrino scattering and oscillations. For the new gauge coupling g X in the range (10-2-10-4) the model is shown to be consistent with the data. Possible ways of testing the model in b physics, top and Z decays, direct collider production and neutrino oscillation experiments, where one can observe nonstandard matter effects, are outlined. The choice of leptons to carry the new force is ambiguous, resulting in additional phenomenological implications, such as non-universality in semileptonic bottom decays. The proposed framework provides interesting connections between neutrino oscillations, flavor and collider physics.

4d N=2 theories with disconnected gauge groups

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Argyres, Philip C.; Martone, Mario [Physics Department, University of Cincinnati,PO Box 210011, Cincinnati OH 45221 (United States)

2017-03-28

In this paper we present a beautifully consistent web of evidence for the existence of interacting 4d rank-1 N=2 SCFTs obtained from gauging discrete subgroups of global symmetries of other existing 4d rank-1 N=2 SCFTs. The global symmetries that can be gauged involve a non-trivial combination of discrete subgroups of the U(1){sub R}, low-energy EM duality group SL(2,ℤ), and the outer automorphism group of the flavor symmetry algebra, Out(F). The theories that we construct are remarkable in many ways: (i) two of them have exceptional F{sub 4} and G{sub 2} flavor groups; (ii) they substantially complete the picture of the landscape of rank-1 N=2 SCFTs as they realize all but one of the remaining consistent rank-1 Seiberg-Witten geometries that we previously constructed but were not associated to known SCFTs; and (iii) some of them have enlarged N=3 SUSY, and have not been previously constructed. They are also examples of SCFTs which violate the Shapere-Tachikawa relation between the conformal central charges and the scaling dimension of the Coulomb branch vev. We propose a modification of the formulas computing these central charges from the topologically twisted Coulomb branch partition function which correctly compute them for discretely gauged theories.

Spin foam model for pure gauge theory coupled to quantum gravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oriti, Daniele; Pfeiffer, Hendryk

2002-01-01

We propose a spin foam model for pure gauge fields coupled to Riemannian quantum gravity in four dimensions. The model is formulated for the triangulation of a four-manifold which is given merely combinatorially. The Riemannian Barrett-Crane model provides the gravity sector of our model and dynamically assigns geometric data to the given combinatorial triangulation. The gauge theory sector is a lattice gauge theory living on the same triangulation and obtains from the gravity sector the geometric information which is required to calculate the Yang-Mills action. The model is designed so that one obtains a continuum approximation of the gauge theory sector at an effective level, similarly to the continuum limit of lattice gauge theory, when the typical length scale of gravity is much smaller than the Yang-Mills scale

Effective hadronic supersymmetry based on octonionic color algebras

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Catto, S.

1993-01-01

Algebraic realizations of dynamical supersymmetry through SU(m/n) type superalgebras are developed. Their application to a bilocal quark/antiquark and quark-diquark systems will be shown. Color algebra based on octonions allows the introduction of a new supermultiplet that puts hadrons, quarks, antiquarks and exotics together, and naturally suppresses quark configurations that are symmetrical in color space and antisymmetrical in remaining flavor, spin and position variables. The authors shall also present preliminary work on the first order relativistic formulation through the spin realization of Wess-Zumino super-Poincare algebra

Gauge vs. gravity mediation in models with anomalous U(1)'s

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dudas, E.; Mambrini, Y.; Romagnoni, A.; Trapletti, M.; Pokorski, S.

2009-01-01

In an attempt to implement gauge mediation in string theory, we study string effective supergravity models of supersymmetry breaking, containing anomalous gauge factors. We discuss subtleties related to gauge invariance and the stabilization of the Green-Schwarz moduli, which set non-trivial constraints on the transmission of supersymmetry breaking to MSSM via gauge interactions. Given those constraints, it is difficult to obtain the dominance of gauge mediation over gravity mediation. Furthermore, generically the gauge contributions to soft terms contain additional non-standard terms coming from D-term contributions. Motivated by this, we study the phenomenology of recently proposed hybrid models, where gravity and gauge mediations compete at the GUT scale, and show that such a scenario can respect WMAP constraints and would be easily testable at LHC.

Noncommutative QFT and renormalization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grosse, H.; Wulkenhaar, R.

2006-01-01

It was a great pleasure for me (Harald Grosse) to be invited to talk at the meeting celebrating the 70th birthday of Prof. Julius Wess. I remember various interactions with Julius during the last years: At the time of my studies at Vienna with Walter Thirring, Julius left already Vienna, I learned from his work on effective chiral Lagrangians. Next we met at various conferences and places like CERN (were I worked with Andre Martin, an old friend of Julius), and we all learned from Julius' and Bruno's creation of supersymmetry, next we realized our common interests in noncommutative quantum field theory and did have an intensive exchange. Julius influenced our perturbative approach to gauge field theories were we used the Seiberg-Witten map after his advice. And finally I lively remember the sad days when during my invitation to Vienna Julius did have the serious heart attack. So we are very happy, that you recovered so well, and we wish you all the best for the forthcoming years. Many happy recurrences. (Abstract Copyright [2006], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Dark matter model with non-Abelian gauge symmetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Hao; Li Chongsheng; Cao Qinghong; Li Zhao

2010-01-01

We propose a dark-matter model in which the dark sector is gauged under a new SU(2) group. The dark sector consists of SU(2) dark gauge fields, two triplet dark Higgs fields, and two dark fermion doublets (dark-matter candidates in this model). The dark sector interacts with the standard model sector through kinetic and mass mixing operators. The model explains both PAMELA and Fermi LAT data very well and also satisfies constraints from both the dark-matter relic density and standard model precision observables. The phenomenology of the model at the LHC is also explored.

Gauge coupling unification in superstring derived standard-like models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Faraggi, A.E.

1992-11-01

I discuss gauge coupling unification in a class of superstring standard-like models, which are derived in the free fermionic formulation. Recent calculations indicate that the superstring unification scale is at O(10 18 GeV) while the minimal supersymmetric standard model is consistent with LEP data if the unification scale is at O(10 16 )GeV. A generic feature of the superstring standard-like models is the appearance of extra color triplets (D,D), and electroweak doublets (l,l), in vector-like representations, beyond the supersymmetric standard model. I show that the gauge coupling unification at O(10 18 GeV) in the superstring standard-like models can be consistent with LEP data. I present an explicit standard-like model that can realize superstring gauge coupling unification. (author)

Stability and supersymmetry: Models with local gauge symmetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Curtright, T.; Ghandour, G.

1978-01-01

Renormalization group analysis is used to show the supersymmetric point in the effective coupling constant space is an unstable fixed point for several model gauge theories. The physical significance of this result is discussed in terms of the stability of the semiclassical ground state. In perturbation theory the supersymmetric point appears to be surrounded by regions in the coupling space representing three classes of theories: class one consists of theories for which the effective potential V has no apparent lower bound for large (pseudo)scalar field expectations; class two theories have lower bounds and radiatively induced absolute minima for V with nonzero field expectations; class three theories apparently have an absolute minimum of V at the origin of field space. Thus radiatively induced breaking of gauge invariance occurs for theories in classes one and two, but perturbatively the class one theories appear to have no ground states. Class three theories have ground states in which all gauge invariance remains intact. For the supersymmetric limits of the models examined the origin is known to be neutrally stable in field space, permitting an ambiguous breakdown of gauge invariance but not supersymmetry. This phenomenon is discussed in some detail. Calculations are performed in both Lorentz covariant and noncovariant gauges with a detailed comparison between gauges of the relevant one-loop diagrams

Gauge threshold corrections for local string models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Conlon, Joseph P.

2009-01-01

We study gauge threshold corrections for local brane models embedded in a large compact space. A large bulk volume gives important contributions to the Konishi and super-Weyl anomalies and the effective field theory analysis implies the unification scale should be enhanced in a model-independent way from M s to RM s . For local D3/D3 models this result is supported by the explicit string computations. In this case the scale RM s comes from the necessity of global cancellation of RR tadpoles sourced by the local model. We also study D3/D7 models and discuss discrepancies with the effective field theory analysis. We comment on phenomenological implications for gauge coupling unification and for the GUT scale.

Gauge equivalence of σ models with non-compact Grassmannian manifolds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kundu, A.

1986-01-01

The gauge equivalence (GE) of σ models associated with non-compact Grassmannian manifolds is investigated with emphasis on the necessary restrictions for the choice of gauge elements in such cases. The importance of GE in solving a non-linear system with the help of inverse scattering data of its gauge related counterpart is demonstrated. The gauge relations between generalised Landau-Lifshitz (LL) and non-linear Schroedinger (NLS) type equations and also between non-linear σ models and generalised 'sine-sinh-Gordon' equations for non-compact SU(p,q)/S(U(u,v) x U(s,t)) manifolds are established. Using H-gauge invariance of LL the GE is extended to some higher-order specific non-linear systems. The gauge connection among various LL and NLS equations are schematically represented. Along with the recovery of earlier results important new results, some with significant non-compact structures, are discovered. (author)

On the Witten-Duff five Branes model together with knots theory and E8E8 super strings in a single fractal spacetime theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El Naschie, M.S.

2009-01-01

The Witten-Duff five Branes in 11 dimensions model which leads to N = 528 states is reviewed. A complimentary model leading to N = 496 of E 8 E 8 exceptional Lie symmetry group is established along identical ideas. Subsequently both models are combined into a general one which includes the zero-form missing in the original five Branes model. Finally a highly instructive connection to vertical bar E 12 vertical bar = 685 Lie symmetry group which encompasses E 11 as well as the number of distinct knots for given crossing numbers is established. It is concluded that it is easier to transfinitely extend the five Branes model than to add additional roots of exceptional Lie groups in order to find the exact answer.

2D Poisson sigma models with gauged vectorial supersymmetry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bonezzi, Roberto [Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia, Università di Bologna and INFN, Sezione di Bologna,via Irnerio 46, I-40126 Bologna (Italy); Departamento de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Andres Bello,Republica 220, Santiago (Chile); Sundell, Per [Departamento de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Andres Bello,Republica 220, Santiago (Chile); Torres-Gomez, Alexander [Departamento de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Andres Bello,Republica 220, Santiago (Chile); Instituto de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad Austral de Chile-UACh,Valdivia (Chile)

2015-08-12

In this note, we gauge the rigid vectorial supersymmetry of the two-dimensional Poisson sigma model presented in arXiv:1503.05625. We show that the consistency of the construction does not impose any further constraints on the differential Poisson algebra geometry than those required for the ungauged model. We conclude by proposing that the gauged model provides a first-quantized framework for higher spin gravity.

Yang-Feldman formalism on noncommutative Minkowski space

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Doescher, C.

2006-12-15

We examine quantum field theory on noncummutative spacetime. For this we choose an approach which lives explicitly on the noncommutative Minkowski space, namely the Yang-Feldman formalism. Here the ansatz is to try to solve the field equation of the quantum fields. In this setting we first take a look at an additional mass term, and use this to discuss possible IR cutoffs. We find classes of IR cutoffs which indeed yield the expected limit. Furthermore, we look at interacting models, namely the {phi}{sup 3} model in four and six dimensions, the {phi}{sup 4} model and the Wess-Zumino model. For these we calculate dispersion relations. We see that there exist huge differences in the orders of magnitude between logarithmically and quadratically divergent models. Integrals which are made finite by twisting factors are calculated rigorously in the sense of the theory of oscillatory integrals. (orig.)

Gauge invariant actions for string models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Banks, T.

1986-06-01

String models of unified interactions are elegant sets of Feynman rules for the scattering of gravitons, gauge bosons, and a host of massive excitations. The purpose of these lectures is to describe the progress towards a nonperturbative formulation of the theory. Such a formulation should make the geometrical meaning of string theory manifest and explain the many ''miracles'' exhibited by the string Feynman rules. There are some new results on gauge invariant observables, on the cosmological constant, and on the symmetries of interacting string field theory. 49 refs

Pile Model Tests Using Strain Gauge Technology

Science.gov (United States)

Krasiński, Adam; Kusio, Tomasz

2015-09-01

Ordinary pile bearing capacity tests are usually carried out to determine the relationship between load and displacement of pile head. The measurement system required in such tests consists of force transducer and three or four displacement gauges. The whole system is installed at the pile head above the ground level. This approach, however, does not give us complete information about the pile-soil interaction. We can only determine the total bearing capacity of the pile, without the knowledge of its distribution into the shaft and base resistances. Much more information can be obtained by carrying out a test of instrumented pile equipped with a system for measuring the distribution of axial force along its core. In the case of pile model tests the use of such measurement is difficult due to small scale of the model. To find a suitable solution for axial force measurement, which could be applied to small scale model piles, we had to take into account the following requirements: - a linear and stable relationship between measured and physical values, - the force measurement accuracy of about 0.1 kN, - the range of measured forces up to 30 kN, - resistance of measuring gauges against aggressive counteraction of concrete mortar and against moisture, - insensitivity to pile bending, - economical factor. These requirements can be fulfilled by strain gauge sensors if an appropriate methodology is used for test preparation (Hoffmann [1]). In this paper, we focus on some aspects of the application of strain gauge sensors for model pile tests. The efficiency of the method is proved on the examples of static load tests carried out on SDP model piles acting as single piles and in a group.

Unified models of interactions with gauge-invariant variables

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zet, Gheorghe

2000-01-01

A model of gauge theory is formulated in terms of gauge-invariant variables over a 4-dimensional space-time. Namely, we define a metric tensor g μν ( μ , ν = 0,1,2,3) starting with the components F μν a and F μν a tilde of the tensor associated to the Yang-Mills fields and its dual: g μν = 1/(3Δ 1/3 ) (ε abc F μα a F αβ b tilde F βν c ). Here Δ is a scale factor which can be chosen of a convenient form so that the theory may be self-dual or not. The components g μν are interpreted as new gauge-invariant variables. The model is applied to the case when the gauge group is SU(2). For the space-time we choose two different manifolds: (i) the space-time is R x S 3 , where R is the real line and S 3 is the three-dimensional sphere; (ii) the space-time is endowed with axial symmetry. We calculate the components g μν of the new metric for the two cases in terms of SU(2) gauge potentials. Imposing the supplementary condition that the new metric coincides with the initial metric of the space-time, we obtain the field equations (of the first order in derivatives) for the gauge fields. In addition, we determine the scale factor Δ which is introduced in the definition of g μν to ensure the property of self-duality for our SU(2) gauge theory, namely, 1/(2√g)(ε αβστ g μα g νβ F στ a = F μν a , g = det (g μν ). In the case (i) we show that the space-time R x S 3 is not compatible with a self-dual SU(2) gauge theory, but in the case (ii) the condition of self-duality is satisfied. The model developed in our work can be considered as a possible way to unification of general relativity and Yang-Mills theories. This means that the gauge theory can be formulated in the close analogy with the general relativity, i.e. the Yang-Mills equations are equivalent to Einstein equations with the right-hand side of a simple form. (authors)

Geometrical aspects of operator ordering terms in gauge invariant quantum models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Houston, P.J.

1990-01-01

Finite-dimensional quantum models with both boson and fermion degrees of freedom, and which have a gauge invariance, are studied here as simple versions of gauge invariant quantum field theories. The configuration space of these finite-dimensional models has the structure of a principal fibre bundle and has defined on it a metric which is invariant under the action of the bundle or gauge group. When the gauge-dependent degrees of freedom are removed, thereby defining the quantum models on the base of the principal fibre bundle, extra operator ordering terms arise. By making use of dimensional reduction methods in removing the gauge dependence, expressions are obtained here for the operator ordering terms which show clearly their dependence on the geometry of the principal fibre bundle structure. (author)

On the algebraic theory of kink sectors: Application to quantum field theory models and collision theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schlingemann, D.

1996-10-01

Several two dimensional quantum field theory models have more than one vacuum state. An investigation of super selection sectors in two dimensions from an axiomatic point of view suggests that there should be also states, called soliton or kink states, which interpolate different vacua. Familiar quantum field theory models, for which the existence of kink states have been proven, are the Sine-Gordon and the φ 4 2 -model. In order to establish the existence of kink states for a larger class of models, we investigate the following question: Which are sufficient conditions a pair of vacuum states has to fulfill, such that an interpolating kink state can be constructed? We discuss the problem in the framework of algebraic quantum field theory which includes, for example, the P(φ) 2 -models. We identify a large class of vacuum states, including the vacua of the P(φ) 2 -models, the Yukawa 2 -like models and special types of Wess-Zumino models, for which there is a natural way to construct an interpolating kink state. In two space-time dimensions, massive particle states are kink states. We apply the Haag-Ruelle collision theory to kink sectors in order to analyze the asymptotic scattering states. We show that for special configurations of n kinks the scattering states describe n freely moving non interacting particles. (orig.)

A gauge model describing N relativistic particles bound by linear forces

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Filippov, A.T.

1988-01-01

A relativistic model of N particles bound by linear forces is obtained by applying the gauging procedure to the linear canonical symmteries of a simple (rudimentary) nonrelativistic N-particle Lagrangian extended to relativistic phase space. The new (gauged) Lagrangian is formally Poincare invariant, the Hamiltonian is a linear combination of first-class constraints which are closed with respect to Pisson brackets and generate the localized canonical symmteries. The gauge potentials appear as the Lagrange multipliers of the constraints. Gauge fixing and quantization of the model are also briefly discussed. 11 refs

On D-brane anti D-brane effective actions and their corrections to all orders in alpha-prime

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hatefi, Ehsan

2013-01-01

Based on a four point function, the S-matrix elements at disk level of the scattering amplitude of one closed string Ramond-Ramond field (C) and two tachyons and one scalar field, we find out new couplings in brane anti brane effective actions for p = n, p+2 = n cases. Using the infinite corrections of the vertex of one RR, one gauge and one scalar field and applying the correct expansion, it is investigated in detail how we produce the infinite gauge poles of the amplitude for p = n case. By discovering new higher derivative corrections of two tachyon-two scalar couplings in brane anti brane systems to all orders in α', we also obtain the infinite scalar poles in (t'+s'+u)-channel in field theory. Working with the complete form of the amplitude with the closed form of the expansion and comparing all the infinite contact terms of this amplitude, we derive several new Wess-Zumino couplings with all their infinite higher derivative corrections in the world volume of brane anti brane systems. In particular, in producing all the infinite scalar poles of C V φ V T V T > , one has to consider the fact that scalar's vertex operator in (-1)-picture must carry the internal σ 3 Chan-Paton matrix. The symmetric trace effective action has a non-zero coupling between Dφ (1)i and Dφ (2) i while this coupling does not exist in ordinary trace effective action

Mutation, Witten index, and quiver invariant

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Heeyeon [Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics,31 Caroline Street North, Waterloo, N2L 2Y5, Ontario (Canada); Lee, Seung-Joo [Department of Physics, Robeson Hall, Virginia Tech,Blacksburg, VA 24061 (United States); Yi, Piljin [School of Physics, Korea Institute for Advanced Study,Seoul 130-722 (Korea, Republic of)

2015-07-20

We explore Seiberg-like dualities, or mutations, for N=4 quiver quantum mechanics in the context of wall-crossing. In contrast to higher dimensions, the 1d Seiberg-duality must be performed with much care. With fixed Fayet-Iliopoulos constants, at most two nodes can be mutated, one left and the other right, mapping a chamber of a quiver into a chamber of a mutated quiver. We delineate this complex pattern for triangle quivers and show how the Witten indices are preserved under such finely chosen mutations. On the other hand, the quiver invariants, or wall-crossing-safe part of supersymmetric spectra, mutate more straightforwardly, whereby a quiver is mapped to a quiver. The mutation rule that preserves the quiver invariant is different from the usual one, however, which we explore and confirm numerically.

Mutation, Witten index, and quiver invariant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Heeyeon; Lee, Seung-Joo; Yi, Piljin

2015-01-01

We explore Seiberg-like dualities, or mutations, for N=4 quiver quantum mechanics in the context of wall-crossing. In contrast to higher dimensions, the 1d Seiberg-duality must be performed with much care. With fixed Fayet-Iliopoulos constants, at most two nodes can be mutated, one left and the other right, mapping a chamber of a quiver into a chamber of a mutated quiver. We delineate this complex pattern for triangle quivers and show how the Witten indices are preserved under such finely chosen mutations. On the other hand, the quiver invariants, or wall-crossing-safe part of supersymmetric spectra, mutate more straightforwardly, whereby a quiver is mapped to a quiver. The mutation rule that preserves the quiver invariant is different from the usual one, however, which we explore and confirm numerically.

Anomaly-free gauges in superstring theory and double supersymmetric sigma-model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Demichev, A.P.; Iofa, M.Z.

1991-01-01

Superharmonic gauge which is a nontrivial analog of the harmonic gauge in bosonic string theory is constructed for the fermionic superstrings. In contrast to the conformal gauge, the harmonic gauge in bosonic string and superharmonic gauge in superstring theory are shown to be free from previously discovered BRST anomaly (in critical dimension) in higher orders of string perturbation theory and thus provide the setup for consistent quantization of (super)string theory. Superharmonic gauge appears to be closely connected with the supersymmetric σ-model with the target space being also a supermanifold. 28 refs

Extended Hamiltonian formalism of the pure space-like axial gauge Schwinger model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakawaki, Yuji; Mccartor, Gary

2001-01-01

We demonstrate that pure space-like axial gauge quantizations of gauge fields can be constructed in ways that are free from infrared divergences. To do so, we must extend the Hamiltonian formalism to include residual gauge fields. We construct an operator solution and an extended Hamiltonian of the pure space-like axial gauge Schwinger model. We begin by constructing an axial gauge formation in auxiliary coordinates, x μ =(x + , x - ), where x + =x 0 sinθ + x 1 cosθ, x - =x 0 cosθ - x 1 sinθ, and we take A=A 0 cosθ + A 1 sin θ=0 as the gauge fixing condition. In the region 0 - as the evolution parameter and construct a traditional canonical formulation of the temporal gauge Schwinger model in which residual gauge fields dependent only on x + are static canonical variables. Then we extrapolate the temporal gauge operator solution into the axial region, π / 4 + is taken as the evolution parameter. In the axial region we find that we have to take the representation of the residual gauge fields realizing the Mandelstam-Leibbrandt prescription in order for the infrared divergences resulting from (∂) -1 to be canceled by corresponding ones resulting from the inverse of the hyperbolic Laplace operator. We overcome the difficulty of constructing the Hamiltonian for the residual gauge fields by employing McCartor and Robertson's method, which gives us a term integrated over x - =constant. Finally, by taking the limit θ→π / 2 - 0, we obtain an operator solution and the Hamiltonian of the axial gauge (Coulomb gauge) Schwinger model in ordinary coordinates. That solution includes auxiliary fields, and the representation space is of indefinite metric, providing further evidence that 'physical' gauges are no more physical than 'unphysical' gauges. (author)

sigma model approach to the heterotic string theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sen, A.

1985-09-01

Relation between the equations of motion for the massless fields in the heterotic string theory, and the conformal invariance of the sigma model describing the propagation of the heterotic string in arbitrary background massless fields is discussed. It is emphasized that this sigma model contains complete information about the string theory. Finally, we discuss the extension of the Hull-Witten proof of local gauge and Lorentz invariance of the sigma-model to higher order in α', and the modification of the transformation laws of the antisymmetric tensor field under these symmetries. Presence of anomaly in the naive N = 1/2 supersymmetry transformation is also pointed out in this context. 12 refs

The string unification of gauge couplings and gauge kinetic mixings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hattori, Chuichiro; Matsuda, Masahisa; Matsuoka, Takeo; Mochinaga, Daizo.

1993-01-01

In the superstring models we have not only the complete 27 multiplets of E 6 but also extra incomplete (27+27-bar) chiral supermultiplets being alive at low energies. Associated with these additional multiplets, when the gauge symmetry contains more than one U(1) gauge group, there may exist gauge kinetic mixings among these U(1) gauge groups. In such cases the effect of gauge kinetic mixings should be incorporated into the study of unification of gauge couplings. We study these interesting effects systematically in these models. The string threshold effect is also taken into account. It is found that in the four-generation models we do not have an advisable solution of string unification of gauge couplings consistent with experimental values at the electroweak scale. We also discuss the possible scenarios to solve this problem. (author)

Gauge symmetry of Sine-Gordon model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shen Jian-Min; Li Kang; Sheng Zhengmao.

1993-03-01

We have found that the strong coupled interaction of Sine-Gordon model is related to its weak coupled interaction by the su(2) gauge transformation. We therefore develop a semi-classical approach to deal with the infrared divergence in the conventional perturbation theory of the Hamiltonian of the quantum Sine-Gordon model. (author). 10 refs

The Galilean superstring

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gomis, Joaquim [Departament de Fısica Quàntica i Astrofısica and Institut de Ciències del Cosmos (ICCUB),Universitat de Barcelona, Martıi Franquès 1, E-08028 Barcelona (Spain); Theory Group, Department of Physics, University of Texas,Austin, TX, 78712 (United States); Townsend, Paul K. [Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics,Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge,Wilberforce Road, Cambridge, CB3 0WA (United Kingdom)

2017-02-21

The action for a Galilean superstring is found from a non-relativistic limit of the closed Green-Schwarz (GS) superstring; it has zero tension and provides an example of a massless super-Galilean system. A Wess-Zumino term leads to a topological central charge in the Galilean supersymmetry algebra, such that unitarity requires a upper bound on the total momentum. This Galilean-invariant bound, which is also implied by the classical phase-space constraints, is saturated by solutions of the superstring equations of motion that half-preserve supersymmetry. We discuss briefly the extension to the Galilean supermembrane.

The Galilean superstring

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gomis, Joaquim; Townsend, Paul K.

2017-01-01

The action for a Galilean superstring is found from a non-relativistic limit of the closed Green-Schwarz (GS) superstring; it has zero tension and provides an example of a massless super-Galilean system. A Wess-Zumino term leads to a topological central charge in the Galilean supersymmetry algebra, such that unitarity requires a upper bound on the total momentum. This Galilean-invariant bound, which is also implied by the classical phase-space constraints, is saturated by solutions of the superstring equations of motion that half-preserve supersymmetry. We discuss briefly the extension to the Galilean supermembrane.

The many faces of the superworld Yuri Golfand Memorial Volume

CERN Document Server

2000-01-01

This invaluable volume is dedicated to the memory of Yuri Golfand, one of the discoverers of supersymmetry. Together with his student, he constructed in 1970 the superextension of the Poincaré algebra and obtained the first four-dimensional supersymmetric field theory, a version of supersymmetric QED. Golfand died in 1994 in Israel.Did the pioneers of supersymmetry - Neveu, Schwarz, Ramond, Golfand, Volkov, Wess, Zumino and others - foresee in the early 1970's that they would be opening to us the gates of the superworld? The superworld will become one of the most important components of our un

The stress energy tensor of a locally supersymmetric quantum field on a curved spacetime

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koehler, M.

1995-04-01

For an analogon of the free Wess-Zumino model on Ricci flat spacetimes, the relation between a conserved 'supercurrent' and the point-separated improved energy momentum tensor is investigated and a similar relation as on Minkowski space is established. The expectation value of the latter in any globally Hadamard product state is found to be a priori finite in the coincidence limit if the theory is massive. On arbitrary globally hyperbolic spacetimes the 'supercurrent' is shown to be a well defined operator valued distribution on the GNS Hilbertspace of any globally Hadamard product state. Viewed as a new field, all n-point distributions exist, giving a new example for a Wightman field on that manifold. Moreover, it is shown that this field satisfies a new wave front set spectrum condition in a nontrivial way. (orig.)

Building up the standard gauge model of high energy physics. 11

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rajasekaran, G.

1989-01-01

This chapter carefully builds up, step by step, the standard gauge model of particle physics based on the group SU(3) c x SU(2) x U(1). Spontaneous symmetry breaking via the Nambu-Goldstone mode, and then via the Higgs mode for gauge theories, are presented via examples, first for the Abelian U(1) and then for the non-Abelian SU(2) case. The physically interesting SU(2) x U(1) model is then taken up. The emergence of massive vector bosons is demonstrated. After this preparation, the 'standard model' of the late 60's prior to the gauge theory revolution, based on the V-A current-current weak interactions, minimal electromagnetism, and an unspecified strong interaction, all in quark-lepton language, is set up. It is then compared to the standard gauge model of SU(3) c x SU(2) x U(1). The compelling reasons for QCD as the gauge theory of strong interactions are spelt out. An introduction to renormalization group methods as the main calculational tool for QCD, asymptotic freedom, infrared problems, and physically motivated reasons for going beyond the standard model are presented. (author). 6 refs.; 19 figs.; 2 tabs

Nonlinear sigma-models and their gauging in and out of superspace

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hull, C.M.; California Univ., Santa Barbara; Karlhede, A.; Lindstroem, U.; Rocek, M.

1986-01-01

We analyze and generalize bosonic nonlinear sigma-models and their N=1,2 supersymmetric extensions in (4 spacetime-dimensional) N=1 superspace. We give a general construction of nonminimal kinetic terms for gauge fields and of N=1,2 gauging of isometries on Kaehler and hyper-Kaehler manifolds. In particular, we study the gauging of noncompact groups. We derive the complete component action and supertrace formula. For N=2 models, the supertrace always vanishes. (orig.)

[Basic research in theoretical high energy physics.] Progress report, April 30, 1984-April 30, 1985

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Adler, S.L.

1985-01-01

Progress is reported on non-perturbative problems in quantum field theories, including a field-theoretic issue regarding the relationship between operators on the lattice and in the continuum. The phase diagram of SU(3) lattice gauge theories with light fermions was investigated as a function of the gauge coupling and the fermion mass. A formulation of higher derivative gravity on a simplicial lattice was developed. Analytical and numerical work was carried out in two- and four-dimensional lattice gravity to study the phase diagram of the theory, the existence of nontrivial fixed points, and the question of the renormalization of the cosmological constant. A study was conducted on hadronic decay amplitudes in lattice gauge theory. Other studies conducted include: a covariant functional Schroedinger formalism for quantum field theory in curved space-time, constraints on magnetic mass, anomalies in reparameterization invariance in Type I superstrings, the Wess-Zumino action as an effective description of the anomalies of a theory, quantum fluctuations that can produce small regions of chirally symmetric phase in QCD, and supersymmetry anomalies. Also, the electric charge of a nonabelian magnetic monopole in the presence of fermions was related to a nonabelian generalization of the eta-invariant and computed exactly using Gauss' law. The mathematical connections between chiral anomalies, Levinson's theorem and symmetry breaking have been studied. The physics of fermion number fractionization was reviewed and a general topological theory was developed. The effect of instantons in the field theoretic description of the integral quantum Hall effect was studied. Some aspects of the anomaly cancellation of SO(32) superstring theory after compactification were examined. Also studied were dynamical supersymmetry brreaking and properties of quasi-crystals. 70 refs

Renormalization of the Nambu-Jona Lasinio model and spontaneously broken Abelian Gauge model without fundamental scalar fields

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Snyderman, N.J.

1976-01-01

The Schwinger-Dyson equation for the Nambu-Jona Lasinio model is solved systematically subject to the constraint of spontaneously broken chiral symmetry. The solution to this equation generates interactions not explicitly present in the original Lagrangian, and the original 4-fermion interaction is not present in the solution. The theory creates bound-states with respect to which a perturbation theory consistent with the chiral symmetry is set up. The analysis suggests that this theory is renormalizable in the sense that all divergences can be grouped into a few arbitrary parameters. The renormalized propagators of this model are shown to be identical to those of a new solution to the sigma-model in which the bare 4-field coupling lambda 0 is chosen to be twice the π-fermion coupling g 0 . Also considered is spontaneously broken abelian gauge model without fundamental scalar fields by coupling an axial vector gauge field to the N ambu-Jona Lasinio model. It is shown how the Goldstone consequence of spontaneous symmetry breaking is avoided in the radiation gauge, and verify the Guralnik, Hagen, and Kibble theorem that under these conditions the global charge conservation is lost even though there is still local current conservation. This is contrasted with the Lorentz gauge situation. This also demonstrated the way the various noncovariant components of the massive gauge field combine in a gauge invariant scattering amplitude to propagate covariantly as a massive spin-1 particle, and this is compared with the Lorentz gauge calculation. F inally, a new model of interacting massless fermions is introduced, based on the models of Nambu and Jona Lasinio, and the Bjorken, which spontaneously breaks both chiral symmetry and Lorentz invariance. The content of this model is the same as that of the gauge model without fundamental scalar fields, but without fundamental gauge fields as well

Quantum gravity in three dimensions, Witten spinors and the quantisation of length

Science.gov (United States)

Wieland, Wolfgang

2018-05-01

In this paper, I investigate the quantisation of length in euclidean quantum gravity in three dimensions. The starting point is the classical hamiltonian formalism in a cylinder of finite radius. At this finite boundary, a counter term is introduced that couples the gravitational field in the interior to a two-dimensional conformal field theory for an SU (2) boundary spinor, whose norm determines the conformal factor between the fiducial boundary metric and the physical metric in the bulk. The equations of motion for this boundary spinor are derived from the boundary action and turn out to be the two-dimensional analogue of the Witten equations appearing in Witten's proof of the positive mass theorem. The paper concludes with some comments on the resulting quantum theory. It is shown, in particular, that the length of a one-dimensional cross section of the boundary turns into a number operator on the Fock space of the theory. The spectrum of this operator is discrete and matches the results from loop quantum gravity in the spin network representation.

Torsion-induced gauge superfield mass generation for gauge-invariant non-linear σ-models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Helayel-Neto, J.A.; Mokhtari, S.; Smith, A.W.

1989-01-01

It is shown that the explicit breaking of (1,0)-supersymmetry by means of a torsion-like term yields dynamical mass generation for the gauge superfields which couple to a (1,0)-supersymmetric non-linear σ-model. (orig.)

Torsion-induced gauge superfield mass generation for gauge-invariant non-linear. sigma. -models

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Helayel-Neto, J.A. (Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro Universidade Catolica de Petropolis, RJ (Brazil)); Mokhtari, S. (International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste (Italy)); Smith, A.W. (Universidade Catolica de Petropolis, RJ (Brazil))

1989-12-21

It is shown that the explicit breaking of (1,0)-supersymmetry by means of a torsion-like term yields dynamical mass generation for the gauge superfields which couple to a (1,0)-supersymmetric non-linear {sigma}-model. (orig.).

A high temperature interparticle potential for an alternative gauge model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Doria, R.M.

1984-01-01

A thermal Wilson loop for a model with two gauge fields associated with the same gauge group is discussed. Deconfinement appears at high temperature. It is not possible however specify the colour of the deconfined matter. (Author) [pt

Gauging Non-local Quark Models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Broniowski, W.

1999-09-01

The gauge effective quark model with non-local interactions is considered. It is shown how this approach regularize the theory in such a way that the anomalies are preserved and charges are properly quantized. With non-local interactions the effective action is finite to all orders in the loop expansion and there is no need to introduce the quark momentum cut-off parameter

Building models of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking without a messenger sector

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arkani-Hamed, N.; Murayama, H.; March-Russell, J.

1998-01-01

We propose a general scheme for constructing models in which the Standard Model (SM) gauge interactions are the mediators of supersymmetry breaking to the fields in the supersymmetric SM, but where the SM gauge groups couple directly to the sector which breaks supersymmetry dynamically. Despite the direct coupling, the models preserve perturbative unification of the SM gauge coupling constants. Furthermore, the supergravity contributions to the squark and slepton masses can be naturally small, typically being much less than 1% of the gauge-mediated (GM) contributions. Both of these goals can be achieved without need of a fine-tuning or a very small coupling constant. This scheme requires run-away directions at the renormalizable level which are only lifted by non-renormalizable terms in the superpotential. To study the proposed scheme in practice, we develop a modified class of models based on SU(N) x SU(N-1) which allows us to gauge an SU(N-2) global symmetry. However, we point out a new problem which can exist in models where the dynamical supersymmetry breaking sector and the ordinary sector are directly coupled - the two-loop renormalization group has contributions which can induce negative (mass) 2 for the squarks and sleptons. We clarify the origin of the problem and argue that it is likely to be surmountable. We give a recipe for a successful model. (orig.)

Gauge-independent decoherence models for solids in external fields

Science.gov (United States)

Wismer, Michael S.; Yakovlev, Vladislav S.

2018-04-01

We demonstrate gauge-invariant modeling of an open system of electrons in a periodic potential interacting with an optical field. For this purpose, we adapt the covariant derivative to the case of mixed states and put forward a decoherence model that has simple analytical forms in the length and velocity gauges. We demonstrate our methods by calculating harmonic spectra in the strong-field regime and numerically verifying the equivalence of the deterministic master equation to the stochastic Monte Carlo wave-function method.

Non Abelian T-duality in Gauged Linear Sigma Models

Science.gov (United States)

Bizet, Nana Cabo; Martínez-Merino, Aldo; Zayas, Leopoldo A. Pando; Santos-Silva, Roberto

2018-04-01

Abelian T-duality in Gauged Linear Sigma Models (GLSM) forms the basis of the physical understanding of Mirror Symmetry as presented by Hori and Vafa. We consider an alternative formulation of Abelian T-duality on GLSM's as a gauging of a global U(1) symmetry with the addition of appropriate Lagrange multipliers. For GLSMs with Abelian gauge groups and without superpotential we reproduce the dual models introduced by Hori and Vafa. We extend the construction to formulate non-Abelian T-duality on GLSMs with global non-Abelian symmetries. The equations of motion that lead to the dual model are obtained for a general group, they depend in general on semi-chiral superfields; for cases such as SU(2) they depend on twisted chiral superfields. We solve the equations of motion for an SU(2) gauged group with a choice of a particular Lie algebra direction of the vector superfield. This direction covers a non-Abelian sector that can be described by a family of Abelian dualities. The dual model Lagrangian depends on twisted chiral superfields and a twisted superpotential is generated. We explore some non-perturbative aspects by making an Ansatz for the instanton corrections in the dual theories. We verify that the effective potential for the U(1) field strength in a fixed configuration on the original theory matches the one of the dual theory. Imposing restrictions on the vector superfield, more general non-Abelian dual models are obtained. We analyze the dual models via the geometry of their susy vacua.

Quantum Link Models and Quantum Simulation of Gauge Theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wiese, U.J.

2015-01-01

This lecture is about Quantum Link Models and Quantum Simulation of Gauge Theories. The lecture consists out of 4 parts. The first part gives a brief history of Computing and Pioneers of Quantum Computing and Quantum Simulations of Quantum Spin Systems are introduced. The 2nd lecture is about High-Temperature Superconductors versus QCD, Wilson’s Lattice QCD and Abelian Quantum Link Models. The 3rd lecture deals with Quantum Simulators for Abelian Lattice Gauge Theories and Non-Abelian Quantum Link Models. The last part of the lecture discusses Quantum Simulators mimicking ‘Nuclear’ physics and the continuum limit of D-Theorie models. (nowak)

On D-branes from gauged linear sigma models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Govindarajan, S.; Jayaraman, T.; Sarkar, T.

2001-01-01

We study both A-type and B-type D-branes in the gauged linear sigma model by considering worldsheets with boundary. The boundary conditions on the matter and vector multiplet fields are first considered in the large-volume phase/non-linear sigma model limit of the corresponding Calabi-Yau manifold, where we find that we need to add a contact term on the boundary. These considerations enable to us to derive the boundary conditions in the full gauged linear sigma model, including the addition of the appropriate boundary contact terms, such that these boundary conditions have the correct non-linear sigma model limit. Most of the analysis is for the case of Calabi-Yau manifolds with one Kaehler modulus (including those corresponding to hypersurfaces in weighted projective space), though we comment on possible generalisations

Model of unified gauge fields; Le modele des champs de jauge unifies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Leite Lopes, J. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

1998-04-01

In this work, we discuss the physical ideas which represents the basis for the unified gauge field model. Despite of the difficulties that we presently have for embodying in a natural manner muons and hadrons in that model, we have the feeling that we are on the way which seems to lead to the construction of a theory in which the Maxwell electromagnetic field and the Fermi weak interaction field are manifestations of a unique subjacent physical entity - the unified gauge fields. (author) 22 refs., 6 figs.

Instantons with noise. Pt. 1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Haba, Z.

We discuss a generalization of the (Euclidean) quantum mechanics on a manifold to infinitely dimensional complex manifolds. For configuration spaces characterized by a topological charge we obtain first order partial differential equations, which are random perturbations of instanton equations. The complex structure of the manifold is essential for Euclidean invariance and for the Markov property, which enable a construction of relativistic quantum fields. Semi-classical estimates for the randomly perturbed dynamical system show the relevance of classical approximations to quantum models. The solution of a stochastic equation determines a non-linear transformation of the (free) Gaussian measure. The functional measure defined by the solution contains in general the logarithm of a spinor determinant in addition to a sum of the local action and the topological charge. We discuss the solutions of stochastic equations and the functional measure for the Wess-Zumino, CPsup(n) and Higgs models. (orig.)

Differential forms, Fukaya $A_\\infty$ algebras, and Gromov-Witten axioms

OpenAIRE

Solomon, Jake P.; Tukachinsky, Sara B.

2016-01-01

Consider the differential forms $A^*(L)$ on a Lagrangian submanifold $L \\subset X$. Following ideas of Fukaya-Oh-Ohta-Ono, we construct a family of cyclic unital curved $A_\\infty$ structures on $A^*(L),$ parameterized by the cohomology of $X$ relative to $L.$ The family of $A_\\infty$ structures satisfies properties analogous to the axioms of Gromov-Witten theory. Our construction is canonical up to $A_\\infty$ pseudo-isotopy. We assume moduli spaces and boundary evaluation maps are regular and...

On low rank classical groups in string theory, gauge theory and matrix models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Intriligator, Ken; Kraus, Per; Ryzhov, Anton V.; Shigemori, Masaki; Vafa, Cumrun

2004-01-01

We consider N=1 supersymmetric U(N), SO(N), and Sp(N) gauge theories, with two-index tensor matter and added tree-level superpotential, for general breaking patterns of the gauge group. By considering the string theory realization and geometric transitions, we clarify when glueball superfields should be included and extremized, or rather set to zero; this issue arises for unbroken group factors of low rank. The string theory results, which are equivalent to those of the matrix model, refer to a particular UV completion of the gauge theory, which could differ from conventional gauge theory results by residual instanton effects. Often, however, these effects exhibit miraculous cancellations, and the string theory or matrix model results end up agreeing with standard gauge theory. In particular, these string theory considerations explain and remove some apparent discrepancies between gauge theories and matrix models in the literature

Topics in Two-Dimensional Quantum Gravity and Chern-Simons Gauge Theories

Science.gov (United States)

Zemba, Guillermo Raul

A series of studies in two and three dimensional theories is presented. The two dimensional problems are considered in the framework of String Theory. The first one determines the region of integration in the space of inequivalent tori of a tadpole diagram in Closed String Field Theory, using the naive Witten three-string vertex. It is shown that every surface is counted an infinite number of times and the source of this behavior is identified. The second study analyzes the behavior of the discrete matrix model of two dimensional gravity without matter using a mathematically well-defined construction, confirming several conjectures and partial results from the literature. The studies in three dimensions are based on Chern Simons pure gauge theory. The first one deals with the projection of the theory onto a two-dimensional surface of constant time, whereas the second analyzes the large N behavior of the SU(N) theory and makes evident a duality symmetry between the only two parameters of the theory. (Copies available exclusively from MIT Libraries, Rm. 14-0551, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307. Ph. 617-253-5668; Fax 617-253 -1690.).

Spontaneously broken abelian gauge invariant supersymmetric model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mainland, G.B.; Tanaka, K.

A model is presented that is invariant under an Abelian gauge transformation and a modified supersymmetry transformation. This model is broken spontaneously, and the interplay between symmetry breaking, Goldstone particles, and mass breaking is studied. In the present model, spontaneously breaking the Abelian symmetry of the vacuum restores the invariance of the vacuum under a modified supersymmetry transformation. (U.S.)

Higgs compositeness in Sp(2N) gauge theories — The pure gauge model

Science.gov (United States)

Bennett, Ed; Ki Hong, Deog; Lee, Jong-Wan; David Lin, C.-J.; Lucini, Biagio; Piai, Maurizio; Vadacchino, Davide

2018-03-01

As a first step in the study of Sp(2N) composite Higgs models, we obtained a set of novel numerical results for the pure gauge Sp(4) lattice theory in 3+1 space-time dimensions. Results for the continuum extrapolations of the string tension and the glueball mass spectrum are presented and their values are compared with the same quantities in neighbouring SU(N) models.

Witten's loop in the flipped SU(5) unification

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Malinský, Michal, E-mail: malinsky@ipnp.troja.mff.cuni.cz [Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague, V Holešovičkách 2, 180 00 Praha 8 (Czech Republic); Rodríguez, Carolina Arbeláez [Centro de Física Teórica de Partículas, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001, Lisboa Portugal and AHEP Group, Instituto de Física Corpuscular - C.S.I.C./Uni (Spain); Kolešová, Helena [Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague, V Holešovičkách 2, 180 00 Praha 8, Czech Republic and Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Techni (Czech Republic)

2014-06-24

We study a very simple, yet potentially realistic renormalizable flipped SU(5) scenario in which the right-handed neutrino masses are generated at very high energies by means of a two-loop diagram similar to that identified by E. Witten in the early 1980's in the SO(10) GUT framework. This mechanism leaves its traces in the baryon number violating signals such as the proton decay, especially in the 'clean' channels with a charged lepton and a neutral meson in the final state.

General gauge mediation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meade, Patrick; Seiberg, Nathan; Shih, David

2009-01-01

We give a general definition of gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking which encompasses all the known gauge mediation models. In particular, it includes both models with messengers as well as direct mediation models. A formalism for computing the soft terms in the generic model is presented. Such a formalism is necessary in strongly-coupled direct mediation models where perturbation theory cannot be used. It allows us to identify features of the entire class of gauge mediation models and to distinguish them from specific signatures of various subclasses. (author)

A toy model for gauge-mediation in intersecting brane models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kumar, Jason

2009-01-01

We discuss the phenomenology of a toy intersecting brane model where supersymmetry is dynamically broken in an open-string hidden sector and gauge-mediated to the visible sector. Scalar masses ∼TeV are easily realizable, and R-symmetry is broken. These ideas are easily generalizable to other intersecting brane models.

Noncommutative gauge theories on ℝ{sub λ}{sup 3}: perturbatively finite models

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Géré, Antoine [Dipartimento di Matematica, Università di Genova,Via Dodecaneso, 35, I-16146 Genova (Italy); Jurić, Tajron [Ruđer Bošković Institute, Theoretical Physics Division,Bijenička c.54, HR-10002 Zagreb (Croatia); Wallet, Jean-Christophe [Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, CNRS, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay,Bât. 210, 91405 Orsay (France)

2015-12-09

We show that natural noncommutative gauge theory models on ℝ{sub λ}{sup 3} can accommodate gauge invariant harmonic terms, thanks to the existence of a relationship between the center of ℝ{sub λ}{sup 3} and the components of the gauge invariant 1-form canonical connection. This latter object shows up naturally within the present noncommutative differential calculus. Restricting ourselves to positive actions with covariant coordinates as field variables, a suitable gauge-fixing leads to a family of matrix models with quartic interactions and kinetic operators with compact resolvent. Their perturbative behavior is then studied. We first compute the 2-point and 4-point functions at the one-loop order within a subfamily of these matrix models for which the interactions have a symmetric form. We find that the corresponding contributions are finite. We then extend this result to arbitrary order. We find that the amplitudes of the ribbon diagrams for the models of this subfamily are finite to all orders in perturbation. This result extends finally to any of the models of the whole family of matrix models obtained from the above gauge-fixing. The origin of this result is discussed. Finally, the existence of a particular model related to integrable hierarchies is indicated, for which the partition function is expressible as a product of ratios of determinants.

Membrane models and generalized Z2 gauge theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lowe, M.J.; Wallace, D.J.

1980-01-01

We consider models of (d-n)-dimensional membranes fluctuating in a d-dimensional space under the action of surface tension. We investigate the renormalization properties of these models perturbatively and in 1/n expansion. The potential relationships of these models to generalized Z 2 gauge theories are indicated. (orig.)

Properties of the stress tensor in more than two dimensions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cappelli, A.

1988-03-01

Some aspects of conformal invariance in more than two dimensions are analysed. In this case conformal (Weyl) transformations of the metric are not realized in general by coordinate transformations. The operator product expansion of the stress tensor is investigated by means of examples in the free bosonic and fermionic theories. The effective action for the general form of the trace anomaly is built in four dimensions and the Wess-Zumino consistency conditions are discussed. This gives the anomalous transformation law of the stress tensor and the relation to the Casimir effect in the geometry R x S 3 . The explicit computation of the bosonic partition function provides a check

Comparing Satellite Rainfall Estimates with Rain-Gauge Data: Optimal Strategies Suggested by a Spectral Model

Science.gov (United States)

Bell, Thomas L.; Kundu, Prasun K.; Lau, William K. M. (Technical Monitor)

2002-01-01

Validation of satellite remote-sensing methods for estimating rainfall against rain-gauge data is attractive because of the direct nature of the rain-gauge measurements. Comparisons of satellite estimates to rain-gauge data are difficult, however, because of the extreme variability of rain and the fact that satellites view large areas over a short time while rain gauges monitor small areas continuously. In this paper, a statistical model of rainfall variability developed for studies of sampling error in averages of satellite data is used to examine the impact of spatial and temporal averaging of satellite and gauge data on intercomparison results. The model parameters were derived from radar observations of rain, but the model appears to capture many of the characteristics of rain-gauge data as well. The model predicts that many months of data from areas containing a few gauges are required to validate satellite estimates over the areas, and that the areas should be of the order of several hundred km in diameter. Over gauge arrays of sufficiently high density, the optimal areas and averaging times are reduced. The possibility of using time-weighted averages of gauge data is explored.

Harada–Tsutsui gauge recovery procedure: From Abelian gauge anomalies to the Stueckelberg mechanism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lima, Gabriel Di Lemos Santiago

2014-01-01

Revisiting a path-integral procedure developed by Harada and Tsutsui for recovering gauge invariance from anomalous effective actions, it is shown that there are two ways to achieve gauge symmetry: one already presented by the authors, which is shown to preserve the anomaly in the sense of standard current conservation law, and another one which is anomaly-free, preserving current conservation. It is also shown that the application of the Harada–Tsutsui technique to other models which are not anomalous but do not exhibit gauge invariance allows the identification of the gauge invariant formulation of the Proca model, also done by the referred authors, with the Stueckelberg model, leading to the interpretation of the gauge invariant map as a generalization of the Stueckelberg mechanism. -- Highlights: • A gauge restoration technique from Abelian anomalous models is discussed. • It is shown that there is another way that leads to gauge symmetry restoration from such technique. • It is shown that the first gauge restoration preserves the anomaly, while the proposed second one is free from anomalies. • It is shown that the proposed gauge symmetry restoration can be identified with the Stueckelberg mechanism

Harada–Tsutsui gauge recovery procedure: From Abelian gauge anomalies to the Stueckelberg mechanism

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lima, Gabriel Di Lemos Santiago, E-mail: gabriellemos3@hotmail.com

2014-02-15

Revisiting a path-integral procedure developed by Harada and Tsutsui for recovering gauge invariance from anomalous effective actions, it is shown that there are two ways to achieve gauge symmetry: one already presented by the authors, which is shown to preserve the anomaly in the sense of standard current conservation law, and another one which is anomaly-free, preserving current conservation. It is also shown that the application of the Harada–Tsutsui technique to other models which are not anomalous but do not exhibit gauge invariance allows the identification of the gauge invariant formulation of the Proca model, also done by the referred authors, with the Stueckelberg model, leading to the interpretation of the gauge invariant map as a generalization of the Stueckelberg mechanism. -- Highlights: • A gauge restoration technique from Abelian anomalous models is discussed. • It is shown that there is another way that leads to gauge symmetry restoration from such technique. • It is shown that the first gauge restoration preserves the anomaly, while the proposed second one is free from anomalies. • It is shown that the proposed gauge symmetry restoration can be identified with the Stueckelberg mechanism.

Gauging σ-model isometries in (2,0)-superspace

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Almeida, C.A.S.; Helayerl Neto, J.A.; Smith, A.W.

1990-01-01

Considering (2,0)-supersymmetric non-linear α-models defined over Kaehlerian coset manifolds, we discuss the gauging of the isotropy and isometry groups in (2,0)-superspace and present the action coupling these α-models to the (2,0)-Yang-Mills supermultiplets. (author)

Gauge turbulence, topological defect dynamics, and condensation in Higgs models

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gasenzer, Thomas [Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Heidelberg, Philosophenweg 16, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany); ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI, Planckstraße 1, D-64291 Darmstadt (Germany); McLerran, Larry [Physics Department, Bldg. 510A, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 (United States); RIKEN BNL Research Center, Bldg. 510A, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 (United States); Physics Department, China Central Normal University, Wuhan (China); Pawlowski, Jan M.; Sexty, Dénes [Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Heidelberg, Philosophenweg 16, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany); ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI, Planckstraße 1, D-64291 Darmstadt (Germany)

2014-10-15

The real-time dynamics of topological defects and turbulent configurations of gauge fields for electric and magnetic confinement are studied numerically within a 2+1D Abelian Higgs model. It is shown that confinement is appearing in such systems equilibrating after a strong initial quench such as the overpopulation of the infrared modes. While the final equilibrium state does not support confinement, metastable vortex defect configurations appearing in the gauge field are found to be closely related to the appearance of physically observable confined electric and magnetic charges. These phenomena are seen to be intimately related to the approach of a non-thermal fixed point of the far-from-equilibrium dynamical evolution, signaled by universal scaling in the gauge-invariant correlation function of the Higgs field. Even when the parameters of the Higgs action do not support condensate formation in the vacuum, during this approach, transient Higgs condensation is observed. We discuss implications of these results for the far-from-equilibrium dynamics of Yang–Mills fields and potential mechanisms of how confinement and condensation in non-Abelian gauge fields can be understood in terms of the dynamics of Higgs models. These suggest that there is an interesting new class of dynamics of strong coherent turbulent gauge fields with condensates.

Gauge turbulence, topological defect dynamics, and condensation in Higgs models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gasenzer, Thomas; McLerran, Larry; Pawlowski, Jan M.; Sexty, Dénes

2014-01-01

The real-time dynamics of topological defects and turbulent configurations of gauge fields for electric and magnetic confinement are studied numerically within a 2+1D Abelian Higgs model. It is shown that confinement is appearing in such systems equilibrating after a strong initial quench such as the overpopulation of the infrared modes. While the final equilibrium state does not support confinement, metastable vortex defect configurations appearing in the gauge field are found to be closely related to the appearance of physically observable confined electric and magnetic charges. These phenomena are seen to be intimately related to the approach of a non-thermal fixed point of the far-from-equilibrium dynamical evolution, signaled by universal scaling in the gauge-invariant correlation function of the Higgs field. Even when the parameters of the Higgs action do not support condensate formation in the vacuum, during this approach, transient Higgs condensation is observed. We discuss implications of these results for the far-from-equilibrium dynamics of Yang–Mills fields and potential mechanisms of how confinement and condensation in non-Abelian gauge fields can be understood in terms of the dynamics of Higgs models. These suggest that there is an interesting new class of dynamics of strong coherent turbulent gauge fields with condensates

The quantum equivariant cohomology of toric manifolds through mirror symmetry

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Baptista, J.M.

2009-01-01

Using mirror symmetry as described by Hori and Vafa, we compute the quantum equivariant cohomology ring of toric manifolds. This ring arises naturally in topological gauged sigma-models and is related to the Hamiltonian Gromov-Witten invariants of the target manifold.

The quantum equivariant cohomology of toric manifolds through mirror symmetry

OpenAIRE

Baptista, J. M.

2008-01-01

Using mirror symmetry as described by Hori and Vafa, we compute the quantum equivariant cohomology ring of toric manifolds. This ring arises naturally in topological gauged sigma-models and is related to the Hamiltonian Gromov-Witten invariants of the target manifold.

Instantons in Lifshitz field theories

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fujimori, Toshiaki; Nitta, Muneto [Department of Physics, and Research and Education Center for Natural Sciences, Keio University, Hiyoshi 4-1-1, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8521 (Japan)

2015-10-05

BPS instantons are discussed in Lifshitz-type anisotropic field theories. We consider generalizations of the sigma model/Yang-Mills instantons in renormalizable higher dimensional models with the classical Lifshitz scaling invariance. In each model, BPS instanton equation takes the form of the gradient flow equations for “the superpotential” defining “the detailed balance condition”. The anisotropic Weyl rescaling and the coset space dimensional reduction are used to map rotationally symmetric instantons to vortices in two-dimensional anisotropic systems on the hyperbolic plane. As examples, we study anisotropic BPS baby Skyrmion 1+1 dimensions and BPS Skyrmion in 2+1 dimensions, for which we take Kähler 1-form and the Wess-Zumiono-Witten term as the superpotentials, respectively, and an anisotropic generalized Yang-Mills instanton in 4+1 dimensions, for which we take the Chern-Simons term as the superpotential.

Threshold corrections and gauge symmetry in twisted superstring models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pierce, D.M.

1994-01-01

Threshold corrections to the running of gauge couplings are calculated for superstring models with free complex world sheet fermions. For two N=1 SU(2)xU(1) 5 models, the threshold corrections lead to a small increase in the unification scale. Examples are given to illustrate how a given particle spectrum can be described by models with different boundary conditions on the internal fermions. We also discuss how complex twisted fermions can enhance the symmetry group of an N=4, SU(3)xU(1)xU(1) model to the gauge group SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1). It is then shown how a mixing angle analogous to the Weinberg angle depends on the boundary conditions of the internal fermions

Vortices, semi-local vortices in gauged linear sigma model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Namkwon

1998-11-01

We consider the static (2+1)D gauged linear sigma model. By analyzing the governing system of partial differential equations, we investigate various aspects of the model. We show the existence of energy finite vortices under a partially broken symmetry on R 2 with the necessary condition suggested by Y. Yang. We also introduce generalized semi-local vortices and show the existence of energy finite semi-local vortices under a certain condition. The vacuum manifold for the semi-local vortices turns out to be graded. Besides, with a special choice of a representation, we show that the O(3) sigma model of which target space is nonlinear is a singular limit of the gauged linear sigma model of which target space is linear. (author)

Schulische und nicht-schulische Prädiktoren für die Studienplatzzusage an der Universität Witten / Herdecke - Ergebnisse einer QUEST-Analyse [Academic and non-academic predictors for acceptance to medical studies at Witten/Herdecke University - findings of a QUEST-analysis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hofmann, Marzellus

2007-11-01

Full Text Available [english] Aims: Changes within the German Higher Education Framework act increasingly attract notice to the fact that the debate on different methods of selecting students lies in the responsibility of german medical schools. For more than 20 years the University of Witten/Herdecke has adhered to its own concept and procedure relating to its choice of students. Since 2005 this application procedure consists of a written and an oral application phase (assessment center. Within this study a retrospective classification of all applicants in the year 2005 was conducted, with the objective of finding academic and non-academic predictors for acceptance at Witten/Herdecke. Methods: All 172 applicants of the assessment center received a questionnaire asking for: age, gender, high school graduation mark, type of school, main school subjects, intended career, attendance at open house, parent graduation and profession. All duly completed questionnaires were classified according to the QUEST model from the viewpoint of acceptance versus refusal to medical studies at Witten/Herdecke. Outcomes: The QUEST model classifies the items of the questionnaire in sequence of declining power and in coherence to the targeted variable (acceptance. Affiliated with an increased probability of acceptance were: high school mark = 1.3, Steiner and Montessori schools, absence at open house, intended career as researcher and natural/social sciences and languages as main school subjects. Predictor sensitivity was 0.53, specificity reached 0.92. The positive predictive value accounted for 0.77, whereas the negative predictive value was 0.83. Conclusions: The high school graduation mark shows to be of high significance for the admission process at the University of Witten/Herdecke. Furthermore factors such as type of school, intended career and main school subjects play a major role. The high negative predictive value points out that the QUEST analysis is not suitable for

Implementing general gauge mediation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carpenter, Linda M.; Dine, Michael; Festuccia, Guido; Mason, John D.

2009-01-01

Recently there has been much progress in building models of gauge mediation, often with predictions different than those of minimal gauge mediation. Meade, Seiberg, and Shih have characterized the most general spectrum which can arise in gauge-mediated models. We discuss some of the challenges of building models of general gauge mediation, especially the problem of messenger parity and issues connected with R symmetry breaking and CP violation. We build a variety of viable, weakly coupled models which exhibit some or all of the possible low energy parameters.

Quantum analysis of Jackiw and Teitelboim's model for (1+1)D gravity and topological gauge theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Terao, Haruhiko

1993-01-01

We study the BRST quantization of the (1+1)-dimensional gravity model proposed by Jackiw and Teitelboim and also the topological gauge model which is equivalent to the gravity model at least classically. The gravity model quantized in the light-cone gauge is found to be a free theory with a nilpotent BRST charge. We show also that there exist twisted N=2 superconformal algebras in the Jackiw-Teitelboim model as well as in the topological gauge model. We discuss the quantum equivalence between the gravity theory and the topological gauge theory. It is shown that these theories are indeed equivalent to each other in the light-cone gauge. (orig.)

Quark-flavour phenomenology of models with extended gauge symmetries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carlucci, Maria Valentina

2013-01-01

Gauge invariance is one of the fundamental principles of the Standard Model of particles and interactions, and it is reasonable to believe that it also regulates the physics beyond it. In this thesis we have studied the theory and phenomenology of two New Physics models based on gauge symmetries that are extensions of the Standard Model group. Both of them are particularly interesting because they provide some answers to the question of the origin of flavour, which is still unexplained. Moreover, the flavour sector represents a promising field for the research of indirect signatures of New Physics, since after the first run of LHC we do not have any direct hint of it yet. The first model assumes that flavour is a gauge symmetry of nature, SU(3) 3 f , spontaneously broken by the vacuum expectation values of new scalar fields; the second model is based on the gauge group SU(3) c x SU(3) L x U(1) X , the simplest non-abelian extension of the Standard Model group. We have traced the complete theoretical building of the models, from the gauge group, passing through the nonanomalous fermion contents and the appropriate symmetry breakings, up to the spectra and the Feynman rules, with a particular attention to the treatment of the flavour structure, of tree-level Flavour Changing Neutral Currents and of new CP-violating phases. In fact, these models present an interesting flavour phenomenology, and for both of them we have analytically calculated the contributions to the ΔF=2 and ΔF=1 down-type transitions, arising from new tree-level and box diagrams. Subsequently, we have performed a comprehensive numerical analysis of the phenomenology of the two models. In both cases we have found very effective the strategy of first to identify the quantities able to provide the strongest constraints to the parameter space, then to systematically scan the allowed regions of the latter in order to obtain indications about the key flavour observables, namely the mixing parameters of

Model FT631 moisture/density combined gauge

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ji Changsong; Dai Zhude; Zhang Jianguo; Zhang Enshang; Huang Jiling; Meng Qingbao

1990-01-01

Model FT631 Moisture/Density Combined Gauge has been developed, with which both water content and density, the two parameters of measured medium (soil), are obtained in one act of measurement at the same time. A China patent has been taken for this invention

A relativistic gauge model describing N particles bound by harmonic forces

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Filippov, A.T.

1987-01-01

Application of the principle of gauging to linear canonical symmetries of simplest/rudimentary/bilinear lagrangians is shown to produce a relativistic version of the Lagrangian describing N particles bound by harmonic forces. For pairwise coupled identical particles the gauge group is T 1 xU 1 , xSU N-1 . A model for the relativistic discrete string (a chain of N particles) is also discussed. All these gauge theoried of particles can be quantized by standard methods

Lattice gauge theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mack, G.

1982-01-01

After a description of a pure Yang-Mills theory on a lattice, the author considers a three-dimensional pure U(1) lattice gauge theory. Thereafter he discusses the exact relation between lattice gauge theories with the gauge groups SU(2) and SO(3). Finally he presents Monte Carlo data on phase transitions in SU(2) and SO(3) lattice gauge models. (HSI)

A Generalized Yang-Mills Model and Dynamical Breaking of Gauge Symmetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Dianfu; Song Heshan

2005-01-01

A generalized Yang-Mills model, which contains, besides the vector part V μ , also a scalar part S, is constructed and the dynamical breaking of gauge symmetry in the model is also discussed. It is shown, in terms of Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) mechanism, that the gauge symmetry breaking can be realized dynamically in the generalized Yang-Mills model. The combination of the generalized Yang-Mills model and the NJL mechanism provides a way to overcome the difficulties related to the Higgs field and the Higgs mechanism in the usual spontaneous symmetry breaking theory.

SU(N) lattice gauge theory with Villain's action

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Onofri, E.

1981-01-01

The pure gauge lattice theory with Villain's action exp[-A(U)] = GAMMAsub(j=1)sup(N) Σsub(n=-infinity)sup(+infinity) exp[-(N/lambda)(THETAsub(j) + 2nπ) 2 ], where THETA 1 ,..., THETAsub(N) are the invariant angles of U is an element of U(N) or SU(N) is considered. For the two-dimensional lattice the partition function Z(lambda,N) is calculated with the specific heat, the level density rhosub(N)(THETA) and Wilson's loops Wsub(n) = (1/N) (n = 1,2,3,...). The 1/N expansion of Z and Wsub(n) is convergent for sufficiently small |lambda/N| and its coefficients are analytic in lambda near the real axis (no ''Gross-Witten'' singularity to all orders in 1/N), but it is still not possible to commute the strong-coupling limit with the planar limit (lambda→infinity, N→infinity). The character expansion which is needed for strong-coupling calculations in four dimensions is also calculated. A comparison with Monte Carlo data (N=2) and a preliminary discussion of the large-N limit is given. (author)

Matrix models from localization of five-dimensional supersymmetric noncommutative U(1) gauge theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Bum-Hoon; Ro, Daeho; Yang, Hyun Seok

2017-01-01

We study localization of five-dimensional supersymmetric U(1) gauge theory on S 3 ×ℝ θ 2 where ℝ θ 2 is a noncommutative (NC) plane. The theory can be isomorphically mapped to three-dimensional supersymmetric U(N→∞) gauge theory on S 3 using the matrix representation on a separable Hilbert space on which NC fields linearly act. Therefore the NC space ℝ θ 2 allows for a flexible path to derive matrix models via localization from a higher-dimensional supersymmetric NC U(1) gauge theory. The result shows a rich duality between NC U(1) gauge theories and large N matrix models in various dimensions.

Gerbes, M5-brane anomalies and E8 gauge theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aschieri, Paolo; Jurco, Branislav

2004-01-01

Abelian gerbes and twisted bundles describe the topology of the NS 3-form gauge field strength H. We review how they have been usefully applied to study and resolve global anomalies in open string theory. Abelian 2-gerbes and twisted nonabelian gerbes describe the topology of the 4-form field strength G of M-theory. We show that twisted nonabelian gerbes are relevant in the study and resolution of global anomalies of multiple coinciding M5-branes. Global anomalies for one M5-brane have been studied by Witten and by Diaconescu, Freed and Moore. The structure and the differential geometry of twisted nonabelian gerbes (i.e. modules for 2-gerbes) is defined and studied. The nonabelian 2-form gauge potential living on multiple coinciding M5-branes arises as curving (curvature) of twisted nonabelian gerbes. The nonabelian group is in general Ω-tildeE 8 , the central extension of the E 8 loop group. The twist is in general necessary to cancel global anomalies due to the non-triviality of the 11-dimensional 4-form field strength G and due to the possible torsion present in the cycles the M5-branes wrap. Our description of M5-branes global anomalies leads to the D4-branes one upon compactification of M-theory to Type IIA theory. (author)

Gerbes, M5-Brane Anomalies and E8 Gauge Theory

Science.gov (United States)

Aschieri, Paolo; Jurco, Branislav

2004-10-01

Abelian gerbes and twisted bundles describe the topology of the NS 3-form gauge field strength H. We review how they have been usefully applied to study and resolve global anomalies in open string theory. Abelian 2-gerbes and twisted nonabelian gerbes describe the topology of the 4-form field strength G of M-theory. We show that twisted nonabelian gerbes are relevant in the study and resolution of global anomalies of multiple coinciding M5-branes. Global anomalies for one M5-brane have been studied by Witten and by Diaconescu, Freed and Moore. The structure and the differential geometry of twisted nonabelian gerbes (i.e. modules for 2-gerbes) is defined and studied. The nonabelian 2-form gauge potential living on multiple coinciding M5-branes arises as curving (curvature) of twisted nonabelian gerbes. The nonabelian group is in general tilde OmegaE8, the central extension of the E8 loop group. The twist is in general necessary to cancel global anomalies due to the nontriviality of the 11-dimensional 4-form field strength G and due to the possible torsion present in the cycles the M5-branes wrap. Our description of M5-branes global anomalies leads to the D4-branes one upon compactification of M-theory to Type IIA theory.

Inflation and gauge mediation in supersymmetric gauge theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakai, Yuichiro; Sakai, Manabu

2011-01-01

We propose a simple high-scale inflationary scenario based on a phenomenologically viable model with direct gauge mediation of low-scale supersymmetry breaking. Hybrid inflation occurs in a hidden supersymmetry breaking sector. Two hierarchical mass scales to reconcile both high-scale inflation and gauge mediation are necessary for the stability of the metastable supersymmetry breaking vacuum. Our scenario is also natural in light of the Landau pole problem of direct gauge mediation. (author)

Kaluza–Klein-type models of de Sitter and Poincaré gauge theories of gravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lu Jiaan; Huang Chaoguang

2013-01-01

We construct Kaluza–Klein-type models with a de Sitter or Minkowski bundle in the de Sitter or Poincaré gauge theory of gravity, respectively. A manifestly gauge-invariant formalism has been given. The gravitational dynamics is constructed by the geometry of the de Sitter or Minkowski bundle and a global section which plays an important role in the gauge-invariant formalism. Unlike the old Kaluza–Klein-type models of gauge theory of gravity, a suitable cosmological term can be obtained in the Lagrangian of our models and the models in the spin-current-free and torsion-free limit will come back to general relativity with a corresponding cosmological term. We also generalize the results to the case with a variable cosmological term. (paper)

Thermo-electric transport in gauge/gravity models with momentum dissipation

Science.gov (United States)

Amoretti, Andrea; Braggio, Alessandro; Maggiore, Nicola; Magnoli, Nicodemo; Musso, Daniele

2014-09-01

We present a systematic definition and analysis of the thermo-electric linear response in gauge/gravity systems focusing especially on models with massive gravity in the bulk and therefore momentum dissipation in the dual field theory. A precise treatment of finite counter-terms proves to be essential to yield a consistent physical picture whose hydrodynamic and beyond-hydrodynamics behaviors noticeably match with field theoretical expectations. The model furnishes a possible gauge/gravity description of the crossover from the quantum-critical to the disorder-dominated Fermi-liquid behaviors, as expected in graphene.

Kasner asymptotics of mixmaster Horava-Witten and pre-big-bang cosmologies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dabrowski, Mariusz P.

2001-01-01

We discuss various superstring effective actions and, in particular, their common sector which leads to the so-called pre-big-bang cosmology (cosmology in a weak coupling limit of heterotic superstring theory. Using the conformal relationship between these two theories we present Kasner asymptotic solutions of Bianchi type IX geometries within these theories and make predictions about possible emergence of chaos. Finally, we present a possible method of generating Horava-Witten cosmological solutions out of the well-known general relativistic or pre-big-bang solutions

Gauge field entanglement in Kitaev's honeycomb model

Science.gov (United States)

Dóra, Balázs; Moessner, Roderich

2018-01-01

A spin fractionalizes into matter and gauge fermions in Kitaev's spin liquid on the honeycomb lattice. This follows from a Jordan-Wigner mapping to fermions, allowing for the construction of a minimal entropy ground-state wave function on the cylinder. We use this to calculate the entanglement entropy by choosing several distinct partitionings. First, by partitioning an infinite cylinder into two, the -ln2 topological entanglement entropy is reconfirmed. Second, the reduced density matrix of the gauge sector on the full cylinder is obtained after tracing out the matter degrees of freedom. This allows for evaluating the gauge entanglement Hamiltonian, which contains infinitely long-range correlations along the symmetry axis of the cylinder. The matter-gauge entanglement entropy is (Ny-1 )ln2 , with Ny the circumference of the cylinder. Third, the rules for calculating the gauge sector entanglement of any partition are determined. Rather small correctly chosen gauge partitions can still account for the topological entanglement entropy in spite of long-range correlations in the gauge entanglement Hamiltonian.

Gauge theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jarlskog, C.

An introduction to the unified gauge theories of weak and electromagnetic interactions is given. The ingredients of gauge theories and symmetries and conservation laws lead to discussion of local gauge invariance and QED, followed by weak interactions and quantum flavor dynamics. The construction of the standard SU(2)xU(1) model precedes discussion of the unification of weak and electromagnetic interactions and weak neutral current couplings in this model. Presentation of spontaneous symmetry breaking and spontaneous breaking of a local symmetry leads to a spontaneous breaking scheme for the standard SU(2)xU(1) model. Consideration of quarks, leptons, masses and the Cabibbo angles, of the four quark and six quark models and CP violation lead finally to grand unification, followed by discussion of mixing angles in the Georgi-Glashow model, the Higgses of the SU(5) model and proton/ neutron decay in SU(5). (JIW)

Gauge hierarchy problem and a nonscaling SU(5) model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tajnov, Eh.A.

1987-01-01

It is shown that the problems of gauge hierarchy anf Higgs hierarchy have a common origin, and a way is proposed for their combined solution in a no-scale supersymmetric SU(5) gauge model, related to the N=1 supergravity. A reason of appearance of the grand unification scale, M G , is the dimensional transmutation owing to quantum corrections to the classical potential. In this model, the Higgs hierarchy is established automatically by means of the singlet mechanism, which does not require a fine tuning of the superpotential parameters. The effective potential for the singlet field X has a minimum at =M G =2.2x10 16 GeV. The scale parameter M G does not depend on the gravitino mass and initial values of the Yukawa coupling constants but depends on initial values of the gauge constant α -1 (0)=22.7 and on the trilinear supergravity constant A=1.84 at a scale M=M p /√8π=2.43x10 18 GeV

Gauge invariance and the effective potential: the Abelian Higgs model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ramaswamy, S.

1995-01-01

The gauge invariance of the effective potential in the Abelian Higgs model is examined. The Nielsen identities, which ensure gauge independence of the effective potential and other physical quantities, are shown to hold at finite temperature and in the presence of the chemical potential. It is also shown that, as a consequence of the Nielsen identities, the standard order parameter for symmetry breaking, namely the scalar field vacuum expectation value, has a non-zero parametric dependence on the gauge choice employed. These are then verified to one loop at finite temperature. High-temperature symmetry breaking is considered. In the leading high-temperature limit, the potential agrees with the previous calculations. (orig.)

Scale gauge symmetry and the standard model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sola, J.

1990-01-01

This paper speculates on a version of the standard model of the electroweak and strong interactions coupled to gravity and equipped with a spontaneously broken, anomalous, conformal gauge symmetry. The scalar sector is virtually absent in the minimal model but in the general case it shows up in the form of a nonlinear harmonic map Lagrangian. A Euclidean approach to the phenological constant problem is also addressed in this framework

N = 4 Superconformal Chern-Simons theories with hyper and twisted hyper multiplets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hosomichi, Kazuo; Lee, Ki-Myeong; Lee, Sungjay; Lee, Sangmin; Park, Jaemo

2008-01-01

We extend the N = 4 superconformal Chern-Simons theories of Gaiotto and Witten to those with additional twisted hyper-multiplets. The new theories are generically linear quiver gauge theories with the two types of hyper-multiplets alternating between gauge groups. Our construction includes the Bagger-Lambert model of SO(4) gauge group. A family of abelian theories are identified with those proposed earlier in the context of the M-crystal model for M2-branes probing (C 2 /Z n ) 2 orbifolds. Possible extension with non-abelian BF couplings and string/M-theory realization are briefly discussed.

Gauge coupling unification in realistic free-fermionic string models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dienes, K.R.; Faraggi, A.E.

1995-01-01

We discuss the unification of gauge couplings within the framework of a wide class of realistic free-fermionic string models which have appeared in the literature, including the flipped SU(5), SO(6)xSO(4), and various SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1) models. If the matter spectrum below the string scale is that of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), then string unification is in disagreement with experiment. We therefore examine several effects that may modify the minimal string predictions. First, we develop a systematic procedure for evaluating the one-loop heavy string threshold corrections in free-fermionic string models, and we explicitly evaluate these corrections for each of the realistic models. We find that these string threshold corrections are small, and we provide general arguments explaining why such threshold corrections are suppressed in string theory. Thus heavy thresholds cannot resolve the disagreement with experiment. We also study the effect of non-standard hypercharge normalizations, light SUSY thresholds, and intermediate-scale gauge structure, and similarly conclude that these effects cannot resolve the disagreement with low-energy data. Finally, we examine the effects of additional color triplets and electroweak doublets beyond the MSSM. Although not required in ordinary grand unification scenarios, such states generically appear within the context of certain realistic free-fermionic string models. We show that if these states exist at the appropriate thresholds, then the gauge couplings will indeed unify at the string scale. Thus, within these string models, string unification can be in agreement with low-energy data. (orig.)

Variational approach for the N-state spin and gauge Potts model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Masperi, L.; Omero, C.

1981-05-01

A hamiltonian variational treatment is applied both to the spin Potts model and to its gauge version for any number of states N and spatial dimensions d>=2. Regarding the former we reproduce correct critical coupling and latent heat for not too low N and d. For the latter, our approach turns the gauge theory into an equivalent d-dimensional classical spin model, which evaluated for d+1=4 gives results in agreement with 1/N expansions. (author)

Alien calculus and a Schwinger-Dyson equation: two-point function with a nonperturbative mass scale

Science.gov (United States)

Bellon, Marc P.; Clavier, Pierre J.

2018-02-01

Starting from the Schwinger-Dyson equation and the renormalization group equation for the massless Wess-Zumino model, we compute the dominant nonperturbative contributions to the anomalous dimension of the theory, which are related by alien calculus to singularities of the Borel transform on integer points. The sum of these dominant contributions has an analytic expression. When applied to the two-point function, this analysis gives a tame evolution in the deep euclidean domain at this approximation level, making doubtful the arguments on the triviality of the quantum field theory with positive β -function. On the other side, we have a singularity of the propagator for timelike momenta of the order of the renormalization group invariant scale of the theory, which has a nonperturbative relationship with the renormalization point of the theory. All these results do not seem to have an interpretation in terms of semiclassical analysis of a Feynman path integral.

Introduction to gauge theories and the Standard Model

CERN Document Server

de Wit, Bernard

1995-01-01

The conceptual basis of gauge theories is introduced to enable the construction of generic models.Spontaneous symmetry breaking is dicussed and its relevance for the renormalization of theories with massive vector field is explained. Subsequently a d standard model. When time permits we will address more practical questions that arise in the evaluation of quantum corrections.

Balancing anisotropic curvature with gauge fields in a class of shear-free cosmological models

Science.gov (United States)

Thorsrud, Mikjel

2018-05-01

We present a complete list of general relativistic shear-free solutions in a class of anisotropic, spatially homogeneous and orthogonal cosmological models containing a collection of n independent p-form gauge fields, where p\\in\\{0, 1, 2, 3\\} , in addition to standard ΛCDM matter fields modelled as perfect fluids. Here a (collection of) gauge field(s) balances anisotropic spatial curvature on the right-hand side of the shear propagation equation. The result is a class of solutions dynamically equivalent to standard FLRW cosmologies, with an effective curvature constant Keff that depends both on spatial curvature and the energy density of the gauge field(s). In the case of a single gauge field (n  =  1) we show that the only spacetimes that admit such solutions are the LRS Bianchi type III, Bianchi type VI0 and Kantowski–Sachs metric, which are dynamically equivalent to open (Keff0 ) FLRW models, respectively. With a collection of gauge fields (n  >  1) also Bianchi type II admits a shear-free solution (Keff>0 ). We identify the LRS Bianchi type III solution to be the unique shear-free solution with a gauge field Hamiltonian bounded from below in the entire class of models.

On the dynamical mass generation in gauge-invariant non-linear σ-models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Diaz, A.; Helayel-Neto, J.A.; Smith, A.W.

1987-12-01

We argue that external gauge fields coupled in a gauge-invariant way to both the bosonic and supersymmetric two-dimensional non-linear σ-models acquire a dynamical mass term whenever the target space is restricted to be a group manifold. (author). 11 refs

Superstring motivated gauge models based on a rank six subgroup of E6

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lazarides, G.; Panagiotakopoulos, C.; Shafi, Q.

1987-01-01

We discuss gauge models based on a superstring motivated rank six subgroup of E 6 . Lepton number is an accidental unbroken symmetry of the models which leads to an essential stable proton. One of the neutral gauge bosons couples to B-L and may have mass below a TeV. (orig.)

Gerbes, M5-brane anomalies and E{sub 8} gauge theory

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aschieri, Paolo [Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Avanzate, Universita del Piemonte Orientale and INFN, Via Bellini 25/G, 15100 Alessandria (Italy) and Max-Planck-Institut fuer Physik, Foehringer Ring 6, D-80805, Munich (Germany) and Sektion Physik, Universitaet Muenchen, Theresienstr. 37, D-80333 Munich (Germany)]. E-mail: aschieri@theorie.physik.uni-muenchen.de; Jurco, Branislav [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Physik, Foeringer Ring 6, D-80805, Munich (Germany); Sektion Physik, Universitaet Muechen, Theresienstr. 37, D-80333 Munich (Germany)

2004-10-01

Abelian gerbes and twisted bundles describe the topology of the NS 3-form gauge field strength H. We review how they have been usefully applied to study and resolve global anomalies in open string theory. Abelian 2-gerbes and twisted nonabelian gerbes describe the topology of the 4-form field strength G of M-theory. We show that twisted nonabelian gerbes are relevant in the study and resolution of global anomalies of multiple coinciding M5-branes. Global anomalies for one M5-brane have been studied by Witten and by Diaconescu, Freed and Moore. The structure and the differential geometry of twisted nonabelian gerbes (i.e. modules for 2-gerbes) is defined and studied. The nonabelian 2-form gauge potential living on multiple coinciding M5-branes arises as curving (curvature) of twisted nonabelian gerbes. The nonabelian group is in general {omega}-tildeE{sub 8}, the central extension of the E{sub 8} loop group. The twist is in general necessary to cancel global anomalies due to the non-triviality of the 11-dimensional 4-form field strength G and due to the possible torsion present in the cycles the M5-branes wrap. Our description of M5-branes global anomalies leads to the D4-branes one upon compactification of M-theory to Type IIA theory. (author)

Towards a tensor calculus for κ-supersymmetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ivanov, E.A.; Kapustnikov, A.A.

1991-05-01

We present a new manifestly space-time and world-volume supersymmetric formulation of the simplest super p-branes, massive d=2, N=1 superparticle and d=4, N=1 superstring, in terms of properly constrained world-line and world-sheet superfields. We identify the relevant κ-supersymmetries with a kind of local supersymmetry in the world-volume superspaces and, based on this, develop a tensor calculus for constructing higher-order supersymmetric and κ-invariant corrections to the corresponding minimal super p-brane actions. The latter are represented by pure Wess-Zumino terms in the world-volume superspaces. A ''double analyticity'' principle for extending this superfield approach to other super p-branes is suggested. (author). 14 refs

Decorated tensor network renormalization for lattice gauge theories and spin foam models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dittrich, Bianca; Mizera, Sebastian; Steinhaus, Sebastian

2016-01-01

Tensor network techniques have proved to be powerful tools that can be employed to explore the large scale dynamics of lattice systems. Nonetheless, the redundancy of degrees of freedom in lattice gauge theories (and related models) poses a challenge for standard tensor network algorithms. We accommodate for such systems by introducing an additional structure decorating the tensor network. This allows to explicitly preserve the gauge symmetry of the system under coarse graining and straightforwardly interpret the fixed point tensors. We propose and test (for models with finite Abelian groups) a coarse graining algorithm for lattice gauge theories based on decorated tensor networks. We also point out that decorated tensor networks are applicable to other models as well, where they provide the advantage to give immediate access to certain expectation values and correlation functions. (paper)

Decorated tensor network renormalization for lattice gauge theories and spin foam models

Science.gov (United States)

Dittrich, Bianca; Mizera, Sebastian; Steinhaus, Sebastian

2016-05-01

Tensor network techniques have proved to be powerful tools that can be employed to explore the large scale dynamics of lattice systems. Nonetheless, the redundancy of degrees of freedom in lattice gauge theories (and related models) poses a challenge for standard tensor network algorithms. We accommodate for such systems by introducing an additional structure decorating the tensor network. This allows to explicitly preserve the gauge symmetry of the system under coarse graining and straightforwardly interpret the fixed point tensors. We propose and test (for models with finite Abelian groups) a coarse graining algorithm for lattice gauge theories based on decorated tensor networks. We also point out that decorated tensor networks are applicable to other models as well, where they provide the advantage to give immediate access to certain expectation values and correlation functions.

Relation of gauge formalisms for pulsations of general-relativistic stellar models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Price, R.H.; Ipser, J.R.

1991-01-01

There have been two recent reformulations of the equations for even-parity perturbations of general-relativistic stellar models, in both of which fluid perturbation variables are absent in the final set of equations. The recent reformulation by Chandrasekhar and Ferrari uses the diagonal coordinate gauge and leads to a fifth-order system of differential equations; we have recently presented a reformulation, based on the Regge-Wheeler coordinate gauge, which leads to a fourth-order system. The difference in the orders is similar to that for perturbations of Schwarzschild and of Reissner-Nordstroem black holes; in both cases the diagonal-gauge formulation led to a system one degree higher than that for equations based on the Regge-Wheeler gauge. For perturbations of holes, however, the equations could be reduced by one degree. We show that this is the case also for the Chandrasekhar-Ferrari equations for stellar perturbations. More important, we show that the extra degree of freedom, in all descriptions based on the diagonal gauge, is due to the fact that the diagonal gauge is an incomplete constraint on coordinates; a one degree of freedom set of gauge transformations can be made within the diagonal gauge. This previously unnoticed degree of freedom is responsible for the extra degree of freedom in the Chandrasekhar-Ferrari equations, and the related black-hole equations. It also provides an a priori solution with which those equations can be reduced

Anomaly-free discrete gauge symmetries in Froggatt-Nielsen models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Luhn, C.

2006-05-01

Discrete symmetries (DS) can forbid dangerous B- and L-violating operators in the supersymmetric Lagrangian. Due to the violation of global DSs by quantum gravity effects, the introduced DS should be a remnant of a spontaneously broken local gauge symmetry. Demanding anomaly freedom of the high-energy gauge theory, we determine all family-independent anomaly-free Z N symmetries which are consistent with the trilinear MSSM superpotential terms in Part I. We find one outstanding Z 6 symmetry, proton hexality P 6 , which prohibits all B- and L-violating operators up to dimension five, except for the Majorana neutrino mass terms LH u LH u . In Part II, we combine the idea that a DS should have a gauge origin with the scenario of Froggatt and Nielsen (FN). We construct concise U(1) X FN models in which the Z 3 symmetry baryon triality, B 3 , arises from U(1) X breaking. We choose this specific DGS because it allows for R-parity violating interactions; thus neutrino masses can be explained without introducing right-handed neutrinos. We find six phenomenologically viable B 3 -conserving FN models. (orig.)

Anomaly-free discrete gauge symmetries in Froggatt-Nielsen models

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Luhn, C.

2006-05-15

Discrete symmetries (DS) can forbid dangerous B- and L-violating operators in the supersymmetric Lagrangian. Due to the violation of global DSs by quantum gravity effects, the introduced DS should be a remnant of a spontaneously broken local gauge symmetry. Demanding anomaly freedom of the high-energy gauge theory, we determine all family-independent anomaly-free Z{sub N} symmetries which are consistent with the trilinear MSSM superpotential terms in Part I. We find one outstanding Z{sub 6} symmetry, proton hexality P{sub 6}, which prohibits all B- and L-violating operators up to dimension five, except for the Majorana neutrino mass terms LH{sub u}LH{sub u}. In Part II, we combine the idea that a DS should have a gauge origin with the scenario of Froggatt and Nielsen (FN). We construct concise U(1){sub X} FN models in which the Z{sub 3} symmetry baryon triality, B{sub 3}, arises from U(1){sub X} breaking. We choose this specific DGS because it allows for R-parity violating interactions; thus neutrino masses can be explained without introducing right-handed neutrinos. We find six phenomenologically viable B{sub 3}-conserving FN models. (orig.)

Utilitarian supersymmetric gauge model of particle interactions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ma, Ernest

2010-01-01

A remarkabale U(1) gauge extension of the supersymmetric standard model was proposed 8 years ago. It is anomaly free, has no μ term, and conserves baryon and lepton numbers automatically. The phenomenology of a specific version of this model is discussed. In particular, leptoquarks are predicted, with couplings to the heavy singlet neutrinos, the scalar partners of which may be components of dark matter. The Majorana neutrino mass matrix itself may have two zero subdeterminants.

Higgs-gauge boson interactions in the economical 3-3-1 model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Phung Van Dong; Hoang Ngoc Long; Dang Van Soa

2006-01-01

Interactions among the standard model gauge bosons and scalar fields in the framework of the SU(3) C xSU(3) L xU(1) X gauge model with minimal (economical) Higgs content are presented. From these couplings, all scalar fields including the neutral scalar h and the Goldstone bosons can be identified and their couplings with the usual gauge bosons such as the photon, the charged W ± , and the neutral Z, without any additional conditions, are recovered. In the effective approximation, the full content of the scalar sector can be recognized. The CP-odd part of the Goldstone associated with the neutral non-Hermitian bilepton gauge boson G X 0 is decoupled, while its CP-even counterpart has the mixing in the same way in the gauge boson sector. Masses of the new neutral Higgs boson H 1 0 and the neutral non-Hermitian bilepton X 0 are dependent on a coefficient of Higgs self-coupling (λ 1 ). Similarly, masses of the singly charged Higgs boson H 2 ± and of the charged bilepton Y ± are proportional through a coefficient of Higgs self-interaction (λ 4 ). The hadronic cross section for production of this Higgs boson at the CERN LHC in the effective vector boson approximation is calculated. Numerical evaluation shows that the cross section can exceed 260 fb

Fermion masses and multiplicity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ramond, P.

1986-01-01

A general survey and analysis of fermion masses is presented in terms of both the known low energy gauge structure and of the simplest GUT structure. The replication of fermion families is discussed in the context of possible family group structures. Sample family gauge groups are presented in the cases of three and four chiral families, using ABJ and Witten anomalies to restrict the maximal gauged family group. The possible relevance of the family group to the fermion mass hierarchy is discussed in the context of various models. (author)

Operator algebra from fusion rules

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fuchs, J.

1989-03-01

It is described how the fusion rules of a conformal field theory can be employed to derive differential equations for the four-point functions of the theory, and thus to determine eventually the operator product coeffients for primary fields. The results are applied to the Ising fusion rules. A set of theories possessing these function rules is found which is labelled by two discrete parameters. For a specific value of one of the parameters, these are the level one Spin(2m+1) Wess-Zusimo-Witten theories; it is shown that they represent an infinite number of inequivalent theories. (author). 38 refs

Maximally Generalized Yang-Mills Model and Dynamical Breaking of Gauge Symmetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Dianfu; Song Heshan

2006-01-01

A maximally generalized Yang-Mills model, which contains, besides the vector part V μ , also an axial-vector part A μ , a scalar part S, a pseudoscalar part P, and a tensor part T μν , is constructed and the dynamical breaking of gauge symmetry in the model is also discussed. It is shown, in terms of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio mechanism, that the gauge symmetry breaking can be realized dynamically in the maximally generalized Yang-Mills model. The combination of the maximally generalized Yang-Mills model and the NJL mechanism provides a way to overcome the difficulties related to the Higgs field and the Higgs mechanism in the usual spontaneous symmetry breaking theory.

Gauge field theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leite Lopes, J.

1981-01-01

The book is intended to explain, in an elementary way, the basic notions and principles of gauge theories. Attention is centred on the Salem-Weinberg model of electro-weak interactions, as well as neutrino-lepton scattering and the parton model. Classical field theory, electromagnetic, Yang-Mills and gravitational gauge fields, weak interactions, Higgs mechanism and the SU(5) model of grand unification are also discussed. (U.K.)