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Sample records for galvenais redaktors ilm

  1. Close Encounters 2011: Opiskelijafestivaalin visuaalinen ilme

    OpenAIRE

    Kozulya, Maria

    2011-01-01

    Toiminnallisessa opinnäytetyössä suunnitellaan Helsingin Pop & Jazz Konservatorion opiskelijafestivaali Close Encountersin visuaalinen ilme keväälle 2011. Ilme luodaan soveltuvaksi niin verkkoon kuin paperille. Festivaalin visuaalisen ilmeen suunnittelun lopputuotteina on lentolehtiset, julisteet, ohjelmalehti, verkkosivut ja klubilogo. Kirjallisessa osiossa käydään läpi graafiseen suunnitteluun vaikuttavat seikat verk­ko- ja pai­novaatimukset huomioon ottaen. Visuaalisen ilmeen eri osis...

  2. ILM peeling in nontractional diabetic macular edema: review and metanalysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rinaldi, M; dell'Omo, R; Morescalchi, F; Semeraro, F; Gambicorti, E; Cacciatore, F; Chiosi, F; Costagliola, C

    2017-10-31

    To evaluate the effect of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling during vitrectomy for nontractional diabetic macular edema. PUBMED, MEDLINE and CENTRAL were reviewed using the following terms (or combination of terms): diabetic macular edema, nontractional diabetic macular edema, internal limiting membrane peeling, vitrectomy, Müller cells. Randomized and nonrandomized studies were included. The eligible studies compared anatomical and functional outcomes of vitrectomy with or without ILM peeling for tractional and nontractional diabetic macular edema. Postoperative best-corrected visual acuity and central macular thickness were considered, respectively, the primary and secondary outcomes. Meta-analysis on mean differences between vitrectomy with and without ILM peeling was performed using inverse variance method in random effects. Four studies with 672 patients were eligible for analysis. No significant difference was found between postoperative best-corrected visual acuity or best-corrected visual acuity change of ILM peeling group compared with nonpeeling group. There was no significant difference in postoperative central macular thickness and central macular thickness reduction between the two groups. The visual acuity outcomes in patients affected by nontractional diabetic macular edema using pars plana vitrectomy with ILM peeling versus no ILM peeling were not significantly different. A larger prospective and randomized study would be necessary.

  3. Galvenais varonis Dž.K.Roulingas romānu sērijā "Harijs Poters"

    OpenAIRE

    Kalsone, Ineta

    2012-01-01

    Dotā bakalaura darba temats ir "Galvenais varonis Dž.K. Roulingas romānu sērijā "Harijs Poters". Pirmajā nodaļā es analizēju sērijas popularitāti, publicēšanas datus un apbalvojumus, ko saņēmusi Dž.K. Roulinga. Otrajā nodaļā tiek analizēti dažādi raksturojuma veidi. Sīkāk tiek pētīta galvenā varoņa un citu nozīmīgāko tēlu loma. Meklējuma literatūras elementi,kas dod pamatu galvenā varoņa izaugsmei, tika analizēti detalizēti. Trešajā nodaļā tiek analizēta galvenā varoņa izaugsme šajā romānu sē...

  4. 20 g PPV with indocyanine green-assisted ILM peeling versus 23 g PPV with brilliant blue G-assisted ILM peeling for epiretinal membrane.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manousaridis, Kleanthis; Peter, Silvia; Mennel, Stefan

    2016-06-01

    To compare the anatomical and visual outcomes of 20 gauge (g) pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with indocyanine green (ICG)-assisted internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and 23 g PPV with brilliant blue G (BBG)-assisted ILM peeling for idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM). 38 eyes of 38 patients with idiopathic ERM were included. They were divided in two groups: group 1 (18 eyes) underwent 20 g PPV with ICG-assisted ILM peeling and group 2 (20 eyes) 23 g PPV with BBG-assisted ILM peeling. Postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) were compared. Average BCVA in group 1 improved significantly from 0.60 logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (log MAR) at baseline to 0.3 log MAR postoperatively. Average BCVA in group 2 improved significantly from 0.60 log MAR at baseline to 0.3 log MAR postoperatively. Mean CMT reduced significantly from 473 to 375 μm in group 1 and from 486 to 396 μm in group 2. There were no significant differences in the BCVA and CMT between the groups. Both surgical methods appeared to be safe and provided similar anatomical and visual outcomes.

  5. The Expansion of RPE Atrophy after the Inverted ILM Flap Technique for a Chronic Large Macular Hole

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hisanori Imai

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available Purpose: To report a case of the expansion of submacular retinal pigment epithelium (RPE atrophy after using the inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM flap technique for a persisting, large, stage IV macular hole (MH. Case Report: A 79-year-old woman presented with a chronic large MH that remained open despite pars plana vitrectomy (PPV. The surgery was performed twice for the MH closure 14 years earlier. ILM peeling was not performed during the previous surgeries. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA with the Landolt ring chart was 0.08 at her visit. The minimum MH diameter was 1,240 μm. Inverted ILM flap technique with 20% SF6 gas tamponade was performed for the MH closure. For the inverted ILM flap technique, 25-gauge PPV and ILM staining with indocyanine green were used. The ILM was peeled off for 2 disc diameters around the MH, but the ILM was not removed completely. The ILM was then inverted and covered the MH. Results: One month after surgery, the MH was closed, accompanied by glial cell proliferation spreading from the inverted ILM flap (as reported before. On the other hand, the area of the submacular RPE atrophy, which was already observed 1 week after surgery, gradually increased in size. BCVA improved to 0.3 six months after the surgery. Conclusions: The inverted ILM flap technique may be promising even for persisting large MH which were not closed in previous surgeries, but long-term observation is needed because the detailed behavior of the inverted ILM and the Müller cells after surgery is not yet known.

  6. Fast Ss-Ilm a Computationally Efficient Algorithm to Discover Socially Important Locations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dokuz, A. S.; Celik, M.

    2017-11-01

    Socially important locations are places which are frequently visited by social media users in their social media lifetime. Discovering socially important locations provide several valuable information about user behaviours on social media networking sites. However, discovering socially important locations are challenging due to data volume and dimensions, spatial and temporal calculations, location sparseness in social media datasets, and inefficiency of current algorithms. In the literature, several studies are conducted to discover important locations, however, the proposed approaches do not work in computationally efficient manner. In this study, we propose Fast SS-ILM algorithm by modifying the algorithm of SS-ILM to mine socially important locations efficiently. Experimental results show that proposed Fast SS-ILM algorithm decreases execution time of socially important locations discovery process up to 20 %.

  7. FAST SS-ILM: A COMPUTATIONALLY EFFICIENT ALGORITHM TO DISCOVER SOCIALLY IMPORTANT LOCATIONS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. S. Dokuz

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available Socially important locations are places which are frequently visited by social media users in their social media lifetime. Discovering socially important locations provide several valuable information about user behaviours on social media networking sites. However, discovering socially important locations are challenging due to data volume and dimensions, spatial and temporal calculations, location sparseness in social media datasets, and inefficiency of current algorithms. In the literature, several studies are conducted to discover important locations, however, the proposed approaches do not work in computationally efficient manner. In this study, we propose Fast SS-ILM algorithm by modifying the algorithm of SS-ILM to mine socially important locations efficiently. Experimental results show that proposed Fast SS-ILM algorithm decreases execution time of socially important locations discovery process up to 20 %.

  8. Clinical outcomes of double staining and additional ILM peeling during ERM surgery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Oh, Ha Na; Lee, Joo Eun; Kim, Hyun Woong; Yun, Il Han

    2013-08-01

    To assess the clinical outcomes in idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) patients after vitrectomy and ERM removal with or without additional indocyanine green (ICG)-assisted internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. The medical records of 43 patients with an idiopathic ERM that underwent vitrectomy and ERM removal between July 2007 and April 2010 were reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups: triamcinolone-assisted simple ERM peeling only (group A, n = 23) and triamcinolone-assisted ERM peeling followed by ICG staining and peeling of the remaining internal ILM (group B, n = 20). No difference was found between the two groups in terms of visual acuity, macular thickness, P1 amplitude or implicit time on multifocal-electroretinogram (mfERG) at six and 12 months postoperatively. In group B, ICG staining after ERM peeling demonstrated that the ILM had been removed together with the ERM in 12 eyes (60%), and all 12 eyes showed punctate retinal hemorrhages during ERM peeling. There was no recurrence of an ERM in either group. Additional procedures involving ICG staining and ILM peeling during ERM surgery do not appear to have an additive effect on the clinical outcomes in terms of visual acuity, retinal function based on mfERG, or recurrence rate.

  9. Shibli Nu’mani’s Contribution to Revitalization of ‘Ilm al-Kala > m

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fejri Gasman

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available The present research is an attempt to explicate Shibli> Nu’ma>ni>’scontribution of ‘ilm al-Kala > m which to Muslim is a pivotal matter in terms ofboth its doctrine and practice. This study attempts at examining Shibli> Nu’ma>ni>’sviews in dealing with religious problems in his community, and how hepropagated his ideas in revitalization of ‘ilm al-Kala > m. It seeks to discover severalaspects of Shibli> Nu’ma>ni>’s thoughts of ‘ilm al-Kala > m, such as the coherentrelationship of religion and science, Islamic culture, Islamic legal system, Islamiceducational system, Islamic political science, reason and revelation, prophecy,and tawh } i > d. This study concludes that Shibli> Nu’ma>ni>’s understanding of ‘ilm-al-Kala > m is in line with the teaching of ahl al-sunnah wa al-jama > ’ah, and he was verymuch influenced by Ima>m al-Ghaza>li>’s and Jala>l al-Din Ru>mi>’s thoughts. Healso succeeded in harmonizing traditional and modern system of thoughts aswell as synthesizing the theologian’s approach with the s } u > fi > tradition

  10. Launeen keskuspuiston visuaalinen ilme ja infografiikka

    OpenAIRE

    Virtanen, Jenni

    2013-01-01

    Opinnäytetyön aiheena on suunnitella Launeen keskuspuistolle visuaalinen ilme ja sitä noudattavat sovellukset. Visuaaliseen ilmeen suunnitteluun kuuluu logon, typografian ja tunnusvärien suunnittelu. Sovelluksissa painotan erityisesti informatiivisia sovelluksia, kuten opastejärjestelmää, aluekarttaa ja infotaulun asettelua. Itse työ on konseptisuunnitelma. Opinnäytetyötäni varten olen tutkinut suomalaisia teema- ja kaupunkipuistoja ja niiden visuaalisia ilmeitä. Painotin tutkimuksessani e...

  11. Mukava : vaatebrändin uusi ilme

    OpenAIRE

    Liinasaari, Vera

    2016-01-01

    Opinnäytetyöni aiheena on vaatebrändi Mukavan visuaalisen ilmeen uudistaminen. Mukava on tamperelainen designvaatemerkki, jonka tuotteissa yhdistyvät esteettisyys, käytettävyys ja eettisyys. Hankkeistetun opinnäytetyöni tavoitteena oli luoda asiakkaalle uusi, yhtenäinen, erottuva ja toimiva ilme, joka sopisi Mukavalle yrityksenä ja olisi haluttava kohderyhmän keskuudessa. Opinnäytetyöni käsittää uusien tunnusten, typo­grafian, värien ja kuvamaailman lisäksi ilmeen keskeisimpien sovellust...

  12. Progressive atrophy of retinal pigment epithelium after trypan-blue-assisted ILM peeling for macular hole surgery

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sachin Jain

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available We report a case of progressive atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE after trypan-blue-assisted peeling of internal limiting membrane (ILM for macular hole surgery. A 68-year-old Caucasian female underwent a 20-g pars plana vitrectomy for a chronic stage-3 macular hole. The ILM was stained with 0.06% trypan blue (VisionBlue™, DORC Netherlands for 2 min after fluid air exchange. Dye was reapplied for another 2 min due to poor staining. The ILM was completely removed around the macular hole with forceps. RPE atrophy was noticed at the edge of the hole 1 month after surgery. It progressively increased in intensity and enlarged over 2 years. Her final visual acuity was counting fingers, significantly worse compared to her presenting visual acuity of 20/200. Progressive atrophy of RPE in our patient was most likely due to the toxicity of trypan blue. Reapplication of the dye may increase the likelihood of toxicity.

  13. Vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling versus vitrectomy with no peeling for idiopathic full-thickness macular hole (FTMH)

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Spiteri Cornish, Kurt; Lois, Noemi; Scott, Neil

    2013-01-01

    Several observational studies have suggested the potential benefit of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling to treat idiopathic full-thickness macular hole (FTMH). However, no strong evidence is available on the potential benefit(s) of this surgical manoeuvre and uncertainty remains among...... vitreoretinal surgeons about the indication for peeling the ILM, whether to use it in all cases or in long-standing and/or larger holes. ...

  14. Efficacy of non-fovea-sparing ILM peeling for symptomatic myopic foveoschisis with and without macular hole.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Al-Badawi, Amer Hamad; Abdelhakim, Mohamad Amr Salah Eddin; Macky, Tamer Ahmed; Mortada, Hassan Aly

    2018-04-30

    To study anatomical and visual outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with non-fovea-sparing (entire) internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling in eyes with myopic foveoschisis (MF). Prospective interventional case series of eyes undergoing PPV with entire ILM peeling for symptomatic MF. Preoperative spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD - OCT) epiretinal membrane, anomalous posterior vitreous detachment, vitreoschisis and postoperative changes in SD-OCT central foveal thickness (CFT), ellipsoid zone defect, foveal detachment (FD), macular hole (MH) diameter (if present) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR). This study included 21 eyes (21 patients) with mean age 60.4±13.1, 15 females (71.4%). All patients achieved complete postoperative reattachment by SD-OCT (no FD) 6 months post vitrectomy, with no iatrogenic intraoperative or postoperative MH, and with significant improvement in final BCVA from 1.6±0.30 to1.0±0.2 logMAR, and in CFT from 918.2±311.4 to182.3±33.1 µm. Patients were subdivided into subgroup A: 11 eyes without MH; and subgroup B: 10 eyes with MH, the latter had significant improvement in MH diameter (p=0.005). Preoperative BCVA was a significant risk factor for visual gain, while preoperative FD and CFT were significant for CFT change. Vitrectomy with non-fovea-sparing (entire) ILM peeling resulted in a significant functional and anatomical improvement in eyes with MF with/without MH with no reported complications. Results are comparable to fovea-sparing ILM peeling. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

  15. Las jääda ükski mets! / Ilme Loik-Pärnoja

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Loik-Pärnoja, Ilme

    2003-01-01

    Tõrva loodusfestival algas 3. VIII näituste avamisega. Kirikus olid väljas Milvi Torimi akvarellid, Ilme Loigu (Pärnoja) õlimaalid, Luule Luuse haldjapildid, Reet Ohna minivitraažid ja Leonhard Lapini graafika, koolimajas - Laine Vettiku tikandid ja lapitööd, Peeter ja Rein Einasto loodusfotod, Aleksander Tulluse suuremõõdulised maalid. 8. VIII lillestuudio Florist korraldatud lillepeost. Toimus ka palju muusikalisi ülesastumisi

  16. Euroopa Ajalooliste Kalmistute Assotsiatsioon : rahvusvahelised koostööprojektid / Ilme Mäesalu

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Mäesalu, Ilme

    2005-01-01

    ASCE (Assotiation of Significant Cemeteries in Europe) peaeesmärkidest, tegevusest. Muinsuskaitsameti esindaja Ilme Mäesalu on alates liidu asutamisest 2001. a. kuulunud ASCE juhatusse. 2004. a. ilmus Bolognas koguteos "Cemeteries of Europe. A Historical Heritage to Appreciate and Restore", kus leiduvad artiklid Tallinna surnuaedade ja Tartu Raadi kalmistu kohta. 2004. a. toimus Tartus seminar "Ajalooline kalmistu - kujunemine ja tänapäev"

  17. Vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling versus vitrectomy with no peeling for idiopathic full-thickness macular hole (FTMH).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Spiteri Cornish, Kurt; Lois, Noemi; Scott, Neil; Burr, Jennifer; Cook, Jonathan; Boachie, Charles; Tadayoni, Ramin; la Cour, Morten; Christensen, Ulrik; Kwok, Alvin

    2013-06-05

    Several observational studies have suggested the potential benefit of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling to treat idiopathic full-thickness macular hole (FTMH). However, no strong evidence is available on the potential benefit(s) of this surgical manoeuvre and uncertainty remains among vitreoretinal surgeons about the indication for peeling the ILM, whether to use it in all cases or in long-standing and/or larger holes.  To determine whether ILM peeling improves anatomical and functional outcomes of macular hole surgery compared with the no-peeling technique and to investigate the impact of different parameters such as presenting vision, stage/size of the hole and duration of symptoms in the success of the surgery. We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) which contains the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group Trials Register (The Cochrane Library 2013, Issue 2), Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid MEDLINE In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid MEDLINE Daily, Ovid OLDMEDLINE, (January 1950 to February 2013), EMBASE (January 1980 to February 2013), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS) (January 1982 to February 2013), the metaRegister of Controlled Trials (mRCT) (www.controlled-trials.com), ClinicalTrials.gov (www.clinicaltrials.gov) and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (www.who.int/ictrp/search/en). We searched the reference lists of included studies for any additional studies not identified by the electronic searches. We did not use any date or language restrictions in the electronic searches for trials. We last searched the electronic databases on 28 February 2013.We searched reference lists of the studies included in the review for information about other studies on ILM peeling in macular hole surgery. We searched Proceedings for the following conferences up to February 2013: American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO), Annual Meeting of the American Society of Retina Specialists

  18. Tulemuslikkuse hindamine : efektiivsuse analüüs Käru raamatukogu näitel / Ilme Säde

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Säde, Ilme

    2011-01-01

    Ülevaade Ilme Säde uurimustööst "Raamatukogutöö efektiivsuse analüüs lugejate ja töötajate hinnangute ning kvantitatiivsete tulemusnäitajate abil Käru rahvaraamatukogus aastatel 2005-2010"

  19. Methodology and Characteristics of Zad al-masir fi ‘ilm al-tafsirby AllamaIbn al-Jawzī (Urdu

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dr. Muhammad Riaz al Azhari

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available This article describes the methodology and characteristics of Zad al-masir fi ‘ilm al-tafsir. This is one the finest work of AllamaIbn al-Jawzī, a 6th century prominent Interpreter. Several editions of this Tafsir have been published. However, the edition of dar al-kitab al-‘arbi, Beirut published in four volumes is selected for this study. This exegesis is based on conventional narrations, authentic quotations from the Islamic Scholars and lingual & grammatical discussions. As a witness, causes of verses (asbabal-Nuz┴l,Makki and MadaniSurah’s (chapters, the abrogating and abrogated verses (al-nasikhwal-mans┴kh and Islamic jurisprudence have been discussed in it where needed. The quality of this translation which is admirable is that mostly authentic Ahadith from original sources, and references to well known basic books in relevant discussions have been described. `

  20. "Informacja chce by? wolna". Strategie kontroli i taktyki uwalniania informacji w epoce cyfrowej

    OpenAIRE

    Banaszak, Ada

    2016-01-01

    W niniejszej pracy przygl?dam si? wybranym strategiom kontroli informacji w epoce cyfrowej oraz taktykom jej uwalniania ? dzia?aniom haker?w i haktywist?w, takich jak Richard Stallman, za?o?yciel ruchu wolnego oprogramowania, Julian Assange, cypherpunk i redaktor naczelny WikiLeaks, czy Anonymous. Aleksander Kmak

  1. Atvērtā pirmkoda programmatūras pielietojuma iespējas ISO/IEC 27000 standartu sērijas prasību apmierināšanai

    OpenAIRE

    Vasiļjevs, Oļegs

    2014-01-01

    Bakalaura darba ietvaros tiek apskatīta un izanalizēta informācijas drošības pārvaldes sistēmas apakškategorija - ISO/IEC 27000 standartu sērijā. Ievērojot sertifikāta iegūšanas projekta apjomu un standartu kopas īpatnējo “zarošanas” struktūru, ir viegli definējams galvenais darba uzdevums – saprast kas tieši ir vajadzīgs no sistēmas administratora, lai īstenotu savu darba daļu pietiekami ātri. Galvenais darba mērķis ir sniegt vienkāršoto ISO/IEC 27000 standartu sērijas prasības izklāstu sis...

  2. A comparison of colour, shape, and flash induced illusory line motion.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hamm, Jeff P

    2017-04-01

    When a bar suddenly appears between two boxes, the bar will appear to shoot away from the box that matches it in colour or in shape-a phenomenon referred to as attribute priming of illusory line motion (ILM; colour ILM and shape ILM, respectively). If the two boxes are identical, ILM will still occur away from a box if it changes luminance shortly before the presentation of the bar ( flash ILM). This flash condition has been suggested to produce the illusory motion due to the formation of an attentional gradient surrounding the flashed location. However, colour ILM and shape ILM cannot be explained by an attentional gradient as there is no way for attention to select the matching box prior to the presentation of the bar. These findings challenge the attentional gradient explanation for ILM, but only if it is assumed that ILM arises for the same underlying reason. Two experiments are presented that address the question of whether or not flash ILM is the same as colour ILM or shape ILM. The results suggest that while colour ILM and shape ILM reflect a common illusion, flash ILM arises for a different reason. Therefore, the attentional gradient explanation for flash ILM is not refuted by the occurrence of colour ILM or shape ILM, which may reflect transformational apparent motion (TAM).

  3. Banku reklāmas stratēģiju un valsts ekonomiskā stāvokļa mijiedarbība

    OpenAIRE

    Vernere, Elīna

    2009-01-01

    Darba tēma ir banku reklāmas stratēģiju un valsts ekonomiskā stāvokļa mijiedarbība. Galvenais pētījuma mērķis bija izprast, kā pašreizējā valsts ekonomiskā situācija izmainījusi sabiedrības vajadzības, pieprasījumu pēc banku pakalpojumiem un līdz ar to arī banku komunikāciju ar saviem klientiem ar vides reklāmas ziņojumu palīdzību. Galvenais pētījuma uzsvars tika likts uz reklāmas ziņojumu emocionālajiem un racionālajiem aspektiem. Papildus veiktajam pētījumam tika apskatīta arī reklāmas teor...

  4. Internal limiting membrane flap transposition for surgical repair of macular holes in primary surgery and in persistent macular holes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Leisser, Christoph; Hirnschall, Nino; Döller, Birgit; Varsits, Ralph; Ullrich, Marlies; Kefer, Katharina; Findl, Oliver

    2018-03-01

    Classical or temporal internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap transposition with air or gas tamponade are current trends with the potential to improve surgical results, especially in cases with large macular holes. A prospective case series included patients with idiopathic macular holes or persistent macular holes after 23-G pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and ILM peeling with gas tamponade. In all patients, 23-G PPV and ILM peeling with ILM flap transposition with gas tamponade and postoperative face-down position was performed. In 7 of 9 eyes, temporal ILM flap transposition combined with pedicle ILM flap could be successfully performed and macular holes were closed in all eyes after surgery. The remaining 2 eyes were converted to pedicle ILM flap transposition with macular hole closure after surgery. Three eyes were scheduled as pedicle ILM flap transposition due to previous ILM peeling. In 2 of these eyes, the macular hole could be closed with pedicle ILM flap transposition. In 3 eyes, free ILM flap transposition was performed and in 2 of these eyes macular hole could be closed after surgery, whereas in 1 eye a second surgery, performed as pedicle ILM flap transposition, was performed and led to successful macular hole closure. Use of ILM flaps in surgical repair of macular hole surgery is a new option of treatment with excellent results independent of the diameter of macular holes. For patients with persistent macular holes, pedicle ILM flap transposition or free ILM flap transposition are surgical options.

  5. A surgical simulator for peeling the inner limiting membrane during wet conditions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Omata, Seiji; Someya, Yusei; Adachi, Shyn'ya; Masuda, Taisuke; Hayakawa, Takeshi; Harada, Kanako; Mitsuishi, Mamoru; Totsuka, Kiyohito; Araki, Fumiyuki; Takao, Muneyuki; Aihara, Makoto; Arai, Fumihito

    2018-01-01

    The present study was performed to establish a novel ocular surgery simulator for training in peeling of the inner limited membrane (ILM). This simulator included a next-generation artificial ILM with mechanical properties similar to the natural ILM that could be peeled underwater in the same manner as in actual surgery. An artificial eye consisting of a fundus and eyeball parts was fabricated. The artificial eye was installed in the eye surgery simulator. The fundus part was mounted in the eyeball, which consisted of an artificial sclera, retina, and ILM. To measure the thickness of the fabricated ILM on the artificial retina, we calculated the distance of the step height as the thickness of the artificial ILM. Two experienced ophthalmologists then assessed the fabricated ILM by sensory evaluation. The minimum thickness of the artificial ILM was 1.9 ± 0.3 μm (n = 3). We were able to perform the peeling task with the ILM in water. Based on the sensory evaluation, an ILM with a minimum thickness and 1000 degrees of polymerization was suitable for training. We installed the eye model on an ocular surgery simulator, which allowed for the performance of a sequence of operations similar to ILM peeling. In conclusion, we developed a novel ocular surgery simulator for ILM peeling. The artificial ILM was peeled underwater in the same manner as in an actual operation.

  6. "McDonald's" reklāmas analīze Latvijā un Maltā - starpkultūru atšķirīgā uztvere

    OpenAIRE

    Barkēviča, Santa

    2016-01-01

    Darbā ““McDonald's” reklāmas analīze Latvijā un Maltā – starpkultūru atšķirīgā uztvere” galvenais problēmjautājums, kas jānoskaidro, vai starptautisks uzņēmums var izmantot viena stila reklāmas kampaņu divās dažādās valstīs – Latvijā un Maltā. Galvenais darba mērķis ir noskaidrot, vai starptautisks uzņēmums var veidot vienu reklāmas kampaņu shēmu, un to izmantot dažādās valstīs, kur atrodas tā franšīzes vai filiāles, un kā starpkultūru atšķirība ietekmē reklāmas uztveri. Veicot aptaujas, inte...

  7. [Functional and Anatomic Outcomes of Primary and Secondary Internal Limiting Membrane Transplantation in Large and Persistent Macular Holes].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hess, Jelka A; Michels, Stephan; Becker, Matthias D

    2017-11-20

    Background The gold standard therapy for full-thickness macular holes (FTMH) is vitrectomy (PPV) with peeling of the internal limiting membrane (ILM), gas tamponade of the vitreous cavity and postoperative face-down positioning. Nevertheless, eyes with large macular holes (> 400 µm) and surgical failures remain difficult to manage. Recently, ILM transplantation (ILM-TX) techniques were developed with acceptable results, advocating different mechanisms of hole closure: in such a setting, the ILM could serve as a scaffold for neuronal tissue in the pedicle ILM flap technique or the ILM could induce a contraction of the FTMH rims through shrinking of a folded ILM plug. Patients/Material and Methods This retrospective study evaluates the functional and anatomic outcomes following ILM-TX for large FTMH and failed FMTH surgery. Large holes (group 1) were treated by the pedicle flap and the plug technique. Persistent holes following vitrectomy and ILM peeling (group 2) were treated with the plug technique. All ILM-TX were performed under perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) with a subsequent silicone oil tamponade. Results In group 1 (6 eyes), three eyes had a free ILM graft and three eyes underwent a pedunculated ILM-TX. The mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA, LogMar) before primary ILM-TX was 1.18 ± 0.54 with a mean initial hole size of 681 ± 106 µm and a photoreceptor defect (PRD) of 1829 ± 474 µm. Five of six eyes showed a postoperative anatomical macular hole closure (83%). The mean BCVA after a mean follow-up of 9.3 ± 5.1 months was 0.83 ± 0.31 after a free ILM graft and 0.95 ± 0.79 after a pedunculated ILM flap. The PRD reduced to 1781 ± 713 µm after a free ILM graft and 1148 ± 378 µm after a pedunculated ILM flap. In group 2 (7 eyes), all patients had failed initial macular hole surgery closure. Prior to free ILM-TX BCVA was 1.05 ± 0.41, the hole size was 433 ± 183 µm and PRD was 2012 ± 718

  8. The Application of Intensive Longitudinal Methods to Investigate Change: Stimulating the Field of Applied Family Research.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bamberger, Katharine T

    2016-03-01

    The use of intensive longitudinal methods (ILM)-rapid in situ assessment at micro timescales-can be overlaid on RCTs and other study designs in applied family research. Particularly, when done as part of a multiple timescale design-in bursts over macro timescales-ILM can advance the study of the mechanisms and effects of family interventions and processes of family change. ILM confers measurement benefits in accurately assessing momentary and variable experiences and captures fine-grained dynamic pictures of time-ordered processes. Thus, ILM allows opportunities to investigate new research questions about intervention effects on within-subject (i.e., within-person, within-family) variability (i.e., dynamic constructs) and about the time-ordered change process that interventions induce in families and family members beginning with the first intervention session. This paper discusses the need and rationale for applying ILM to family intervention evaluation, new research questions that can be addressed with ILM, example research using ILM in the related fields of basic family research and the evaluation of individual-based interventions. Finally, the paper touches on practical challenges and considerations associated with ILM and points readers to resources for the application of ILM.

  9. Increased Retinal Thinning after Combination of Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling and Silicone Oil Endotamponade in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kaneko, Hiroki; Matsuura, Toshiyuki; Takayama, Kei; Ito, Yasuki; Iwase, Takeshi; Ueno, Shinji; Nonobe, Norie; Yasuda, Shunsuke; Kataoka, Keiko; Terasaki, Hiroko

    2017-01-01

    The aim of this study was to examine the change in retinal thickness after vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and/or silicone oil (SO) endotamponade in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). The actual amount and ratio of changes in the retinal thickness were calculated. Compared to control eyes in the ILM peeling (-)/SO (-) group, the central, superior inner, and temporal inner retina in the ILM peeling (+)/SO (-) group, the central and superior inner retina in the ILM peeling (-)/SO (+) group, and the central, inferior inner, temporal inner, and nasal inner retina in the ILM peeling (+)/SO (+) group showed a significant reduction of the retinal thickness. The central, superior inner, and temporal inner retina in the ILM peeling (+)/SO (-) group, the central and superior inner retina in the ILM peeling (-)/SO (+) group, and the central, superior inner, inferior inner, and temporal inner retina in the ILM peeling (+)/SO (+) group showed a significantly increased reduction rate of the retinal thickness compared to the control group. Macular retinal thinning in PDR was observed after ILM peeling and SO endotamponade, and it was increased by the combination of these 2 factors. © 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel.

  10. INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE PEELING IN MACULAR HOLE SURGERY; WHY, WHEN, AND HOW?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chatziralli, Irini P; Theodossiadis, Panagiotis G; Steel, David H W

    2018-05-01

    To review the current rationale for internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling in macular hole (MH) surgery and to discuss the evidence base behind why, when, and how surgeons peel the ILM. Review of the current literature. Pars plana vitrectomy is an effective treatment for idiopathic MH, and peeling of the ILM has been shown to improve closure rates and to prevent postoperative reopening. However, some authors argue against ILM peeling because it results in a number of changes in retinal structure and function and may not be necessary in all cases. Furthermore, the extent of ILM peeling optimally performed and the most favorable techniques to remove the ILM are uncertain. Several technique variations including ILM flaps, ILM scraping, and foveal sparing ILM peeling have been described as alternatives to conventional peeling in specific clinical scenarios. Internal limiting membrane peeling improves MH closure rates but can have several consequences on retinal structure and function. Adjuvants to aid peeling, instrumentation, technique, and experience may all alter the outcome. Hole size and other variables are important in assessing the requirement for peeling and potentially its extent. A variety of evolving alternatives to conventional peeling may improve outcomes and need further study.

  11. Substitution of Soybean Meal with Indigofera zollingeriana Top Leaf Meal on Egg Quality of Cortunix cortunix japonica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    F. Faradillah

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available This research aimed to study the substitution of soybean meal (SBM with Indigofera zollingeriana top leaf meal (ILM in the diet on egg quality of Japanese quails. The experiment used a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications (ten quails of each replication. The dietary treatment contained five combination of SBM and ILM, R0= diets contained 18% SBM without ILM, R1= diet contained 16.2% SBM and 2.66% ILM, R2= diet contained 14.4% SBM and 5.32% ILM, R3= diet contained 12.6% SBM and 7.98% ILM, R4= diet contained 9% SBM and 13.3% ILM. The results showed that the use of 13.3% ILM (R4 significantly (P<0.05 increased feed consumption, egg weight, yolk colour score, egg cholesterol, and reduced malondialdehyde level. The conclusion of this study was I. zollingeriana top leaf meal could be used as much as 13.3% in the diets. The use of I. zollingeriana top leaf meal could improve the quality of eggs physically and chemically.

  12. Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling to Prevent Post-vitrectomy Epiretinal Membrane Development in Retinal Detachment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Akiyama, Kunihiko; Fujinami, Kaoru; Watanabe, Ken; Tsunoda, Kazushige; Noda, Toru

    2016-11-01

    To determine the efficacy of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling during vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) regarding post-vitrectomy epiretinal membrane (ERM) development and visual outcomes. Retrospective, interventional, comparative case series. Setting: Institutional. One hundred and two consecutive eyes with RRD treated with vitrectomy and followed for at least 6 months. ILM was peeled without using dye such as indocyanine green (ICG). Observational Procedures: Patients were divided into 2 groups based on postoperative ERM development: Group 1, 81 eyes without ERM formation; Group 2, 21 eyes with ERM development. Patients also were divided into 2 subgroups: those with and without ILM peeling (58 and 44 eyes, respectively). Statistical analyses were performed between the 2 groups with/without ERM formation and between the 2 subgroups with/without ILM peeling for 5 preoperative factors including foveal involvement of the RRD, 4 intraoperative factors including ILM peeling, baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and final BCVA. An association of ILM peeling with ERM prevention and the influence of ILM peeling on visual outcomes. ILM peeling was significantly (P peeling. ILM peeling without ICG staining during the initial vitrectomy for RRDs may prevent postoperative ERM formation with favorable visual outcomes. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  13. Parametric resonance of intrinsic localized modes in coupled cantilever arrays

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kimura, Masayuki; Matsushita, Yasuo; Hikihara, Takashi

    2016-01-01

    In this study, the parametric resonances of pinned intrinsic localized modes (ILMs) were investigated by computing the unstable regions in parameter space consisting of parametric excitation amplitude and frequency. In the unstable regions, the pinned ILMs were observed to lose stability and begin to fluctuate. A nonlinear Klein–Gordon, Fermi–Pasta–Ulam-like, and mixed lattices were investigated. The pinned ILMs, particularly in the mixed lattice, were destabilized by parametric resonances, which were determined by comparing the shapes of the unstable regions with those in the Mathieu differential equation. In addition, traveling ILMs could be generated by parametric excitation. - Highlights: • Destabilization of intrinsic localized modes (ILMs) by parametric excitation is investigated for FPU, NKG, and mixed lattices. • Frequency and amplitude of parametric excitation is determined based on characteristic multipliers of ILMs. • Unstable regions for the mixed lattice case show very similar shape to those of the Mathieu equation. • ILMs become unstable by causing parametric resonance.

  14. Parametric resonance of intrinsic localized modes in coupled cantilever arrays

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kimura, Masayuki, E-mail: kimura.masayuki.8c@kyoto-u.ac.jp [Department of Electrical Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510 (Japan); Matsushita, Yasuo [Advanced Mathematical Institute, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sughimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585 (Japan); Hikihara, Takashi [Department of Electrical Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510 (Japan)

    2016-08-19

    In this study, the parametric resonances of pinned intrinsic localized modes (ILMs) were investigated by computing the unstable regions in parameter space consisting of parametric excitation amplitude and frequency. In the unstable regions, the pinned ILMs were observed to lose stability and begin to fluctuate. A nonlinear Klein–Gordon, Fermi–Pasta–Ulam-like, and mixed lattices were investigated. The pinned ILMs, particularly in the mixed lattice, were destabilized by parametric resonances, which were determined by comparing the shapes of the unstable regions with those in the Mathieu differential equation. In addition, traveling ILMs could be generated by parametric excitation. - Highlights: • Destabilization of intrinsic localized modes (ILMs) by parametric excitation is investigated for FPU, NKG, and mixed lattices. • Frequency and amplitude of parametric excitation is determined based on characteristic multipliers of ILMs. • Unstable regions for the mixed lattice case show very similar shape to those of the Mathieu equation. • ILMs become unstable by causing parametric resonance.

  15. Retinal thickness after vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling for macular hole and epiretinal membrane

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kumagai, Kazuyuki; Ogino, Nobuchika; Furukawa, Mariko; Hangai, Masanori; Kazama, Shigeyasu; Nishigaki, Shirou; Larson, Eric

    2012-01-01

    Purpose To determine the retinal thickness (RT), after vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling, for an idiopathic macular hole (MH) or an epiretinal membrane (ERM). Also, to investigate the effect of a dissociated optic nerve fiber layer (DONFL) appearance on RT. Methods A non-randomized, retrospective chart review was performed for 159 patients who had successful closure of a MH, with (n = 148), or without (n = 11), ILM peeling. Also studied were 117 patients who had successful removal of an ERM, with (n = 104), or without (n = 13), ILM peeling. The RT of the nine Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study areas was measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). In the MH-with-ILM peeling and ERM-with-ILM peeling groups, the RT of the operated eyes was compared to the corresponding areas of normal fellow eyes. The inner temporal/inner nasal ratio (TNR) was used to assess the effect of ILM peeling on RT. The effects of DONFL appearance on RT were evaluated in only the MH-with-ILM peeling group. Results In the MH-with-ILM peeling group, the central, inner nasal, and outer nasal areas of the retina of operated eyes were significantly thicker than the corresponding areas of normal fellow eyes. In addition, the inner temporal, outer temporal, and inner superior retina was significantly thinner than in the corresponding areas of normal fellow eyes. Similar findings were observed regardless of the presence of a DONFL appearance. In the ERM-with-ILM peeling group, the retina of operated eyes was significantly thicker in all areas, except the inner and outer temporal areas. In the MH-with-ILM peeling group, the TNR was 0.86 in operated eyes, and 0.96 in fellow eyes (P peeling group, the TNR was 0.84 in operated eyes, and 0.95 in fellow eyes (P peeling group was 0.98, which was significantly greater than that of the MH-with-ILM peeling group (P peeling group was 0.98, which was significantly greater than that of ERM-with-ILM peeling

  16. Functional and Morphological Correlations before and after Video-Documented 23-Gauge Pars Plana Vitrectomy with Membrane and ILM Peeling in Patients with Macular Pucker.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mayer, Wolfgang J; Fazekas, Clara; Schumann, Ricarda; Wolf, Armin; Compera, Denise; Kampik, Anselm; Haritoglou, Christos

    2015-01-01

    Purpose. To assess functional and morphological alterations following video-documented surgery for epiretinal membranes. Methods. Forty-two patients underwent video-documented 23-gauge vitrectomy with peeling of epiretinal (ERM) and inner limiting membrane (ILM). Patient assessment was performed before and 3 and 6 months including best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), slit lamp biomicroscopy, SD-OCT, and central 2° and 18° microperimetry. In addition, all video-documented areas of peeling on the retinal surface were evaluated postoperatively using an additional focal 2° microperimetry. Retinal sensitivity and BCVA were correlated with morphological changes (EZ and ELM) in the foveal region and in regions of membrane peeling. Results. Overall, BCVA increased from 0.6 (±0.2) to 0.2 (±0.2) logMAR after 6 months with an increase in retinal sensitivity (17.9 ± 2.7 dB to 26.8 ± 3.1 dB, p peeling areas (p peeling and overall retinal sensitivity regarding visual acuity gain could be observed after 6 months (p > 0.05). In contrast, overall postoperative retinal sensitivity was significantly decreased in patients with a visual acuity gain lower than 2 lines (p peeling due to the use of intraocular forceps may affect the outer retinal structure. Nevertheless, these changes seem to have no significant impact on postoperative functional outcome.

  17. Recent development of ionic liquid membranes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Junfeng Wang

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available The interest in ionic liquids (IL is motivated by its unique properties, such as negligible vapor pressure, thermal stability, wide electrochemical stability window, and tunability of properties. ILs have been highlighted as solvents for liquid–liquid extraction and liquid membrane separation. To further expand its application in separation field, the ionic liquid membranes (ILMs and its separation technology have been proposed and developed rapidly. This paper is to give a comprehensive overview on the recent applications of ILMs for the separation of various compounds, including organic compounds, mixed gases, and metal ions. Firstly, ILMs was classified into supported ionic liquid membranes (SILMs and quasi-solidified ionic liquid membranes (QSILMs according to the immobilization method of ILs. Then, preparation methods of ILMs, membrane stability as well as applications of ILMs in the separation of various mixtures were reviewed. Followed this, transport mechanisms of gaseous mixtures and organic compounds were elucidated in order to better understand the separation process of ILMs. This tutorial review intends to not only offer an overview on the development of ILMs but also provide a guide for ILMs preparations and applications. Keywords: Ionic liquid membrane, Supported ionic liquid membrane, Qusai-solidified ionic liquid membrane, Stability, Application

  18. SWEPT-SOURCE OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY REVEALS INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE PEELING ALTERS DEEP RETINAL VASCULATURE.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Michalewska, Zofia; Nawrocki, Jerzy

    2018-04-30

    To describe morphology of retinal and choroidal vessels in swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography before and after vitrectomy with the temporal inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap technique for full-thickness macular holes. Prospective, observational study of 36 eyes of 33 patients with full-thickness macular holes swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography was performed in patients before and 1 month after vitrectomy. Vitrectomy with the temporal inverted ILM flap technique was performed. In this method, ILM is peeled only at one side of the fovea. An ILM flap is created to cover the macular hole. Comparison of retina vasculature in the areas of ILM peeling vs. no ILM peeling at 1 and 3 months after successful vitrectomy was performed. The study demonstrated lower density of vessels in the deep retinal plexus in the area where ILM was peeled as compared to the rest of the fovea. Visual acuity and central retinal thickness 1 month after surgery correlates with fovea avascular zone diameter in deep retinal layers at the same time point (P = 0.001). This study confirmed that ILM peeling might alter blood flow in deep retinal vessels below the peeling area in the early postoperative period. The area of the fovea avascular zone corresponds to functional results at the same time point.

  19. Does Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling in Macular Hole Surgery Improve Reading Vision?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Das Taraprasad

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available Purpose: To document the effect of internal limiting membrane (ILM peeling in macular hole closure and reading vision. Method: Fifty-four patients with idiopathic and traumatic macular hole underwent standard vitreous surgery and received either ILM peeling (n= 25 or no ILM peeling (n= 29. The hole closure, and Snellen acuity (distant and near were recorded 12 weeks after surgery and statistically analysed. Results: The macular hole closure rate was 96% (24 of 25 and 72.4% (21 of 29 with and without ILM peeling respectively (P = 0.028. Distant vision improvement of two or more lines was recorded in 64% (16 of 25 and 51.7% (15 of 29 eyes (P = 0.417 with and without ILM peeling respectively. Near vision improvement of two or more lines was seen in 68% (17 of 25 and 41.2% (12 of 29 eyes (P = 0.048 with and without ILM peeling respectively. Conclusion: ILM peeling in macular hole surgery improves the macular hole closure rate and reading vision.

  20. Vascular Displacement in Idiopathic Macular Hole after Single-layered Inverted Internal Limiting Membrane Flap Surgery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, Jae Jung; Lee, In Ho; Park, Keun Heung; Pak, Kang Yeun; Park, Sung Who; Byon, Ik Soo; Lee, Ji Eun

    2017-08-01

    To compare vascular displacement in the macula after surgical closure of idiopathic macular hole (MH) after single-layered inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap technique and conventional ILM removal. This retrospective study included patients who underwent either vitrectomy and ILM removal only or vitrectomy with single-layered inverted ILM flap for idiopathic MH larger than 400 μm from 2012 to 2015. A customized program compared the positions of the retinal vessels in the macula between preoperative and postoperative photographs. En face images of 6 × 6 mm optical coherence tomography volume scans were registered to calculate the scale. Retinal vessel displacement was measured as a vector value by comparing its location in 16 sectors of a grid partitioned into eight sectors in two rings (inner, 2 to 4 mm; outer, 4 to 6 mm). The distance and angle of displacement were calculated as an average vector and were compared between the two groups for whole sectors, inner ring, outer ring, and for each sector. Twenty patients were included in the ILM flap group and 22 in the ILM removal group. There were no statistical differences between the groups for baseline characteristics. The average displacement in the ILM flap group and the ILM removal group was 56.6 μm at -3.4° and 64.9 μm at -2.7°, respectively, for the whole sectors (p = 0.900), 76.1 μm at -1.1° and 87.3 μm at -0.9° for the inner ring (p = 0.980), and 37.4 μm at -8.2° and 42.7 μm at -6.3° for the outer ring (p = 0.314). There was no statistical difference in the displacement of each of the sectors. Postoperative topographic changes showed no significant differences between the ILM flap and the ILM removal group for idiopathic MH. The single-layered ILM flap technique did not appear to cause additional displacement of the retinal vessels in the macula. © 2017 The Korean Ophthalmological Society

  1. Clinical and histological evaluation of large macular hole surgery using the inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kase S

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Satoru Kase, Wataru Saito, Shohei Mori, Michiyuki Saito, Ryo Ando, Zhenyu Dong, Tomohiro Suzuki, Kousuke Noda, Susumu Ishida Department of Ophthalmology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan Purpose: The aims of this study were to analyze optical coherence tomography (OCT imaging of large macular holes (MHs treated with inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM flap technique and to perform a histological examination of an ILM-like membrane tissue obtained during vitrectomy.Patients and methods: This is a retrospective observational case study. Nine patients, comprising of five males and four females, showing large and myopic MHs, underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV with inverted ILM flap technique assisted by brilliant blue G (BBG staining. Ophthalmological findings including visual acuity and OCT were investigated based on medical records. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue section of an ILM-like membrane was submitted for immunohistochemistry with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP.Results: ILM was clearly stained with BBG in eight patients, whereas the ILM in one case revealed no staining with BBG during PPV. Visual acuities improved to >0.2 LogMAR in six patients. The complete closure of MH following PPV with inverted ILM technique was eventually achieved in all patients determined by OCT imaging (100%. Only one patient showed recovery of ellipsoid zone and interdigitation zone following the surgery. Elongation of outer nuclear layer was noted in three eyes. The ILM-like membrane not stained with BBG histologically revealed an amorphous structure admixed with GFAP-positive mononuclear cell infiltration.Conclusion: PPV with inverted ILM flap technique achieved 100% closure rates with favorable configuration at an initial surgery in large MHs. Our histopathological data also suggest that even BBG staining-negative membrane may be a useful material for autologous transplantation to the hole. Keywords

  2. EFFECTS OF INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE PEELING COMBINED WITH REMOVAL OF IDIOPATHIC EPIRETINAL MEMBRANE: A Systematic Review of Literature and Meta-Analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Azuma, Kunihiro; Ueta, Takashi; Eguchi, Shuichiro; Aihara, Makoto

    2017-10-01

    To evaluate the effects on postoperative prognosis of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling in conjunction with removal of idiopathic epiretinal membranes (ERMs). MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and EMBASE were systematically searched for studies that compared ILM peeling with no ILM peeling in surgery to remove idiopathic ERM. Outcome measures were best-corrected visual acuity, central macular thickness, and ERM recurrence. Studies that compared ILM peeling with no ILM peeling for the treatment of idiopathic ERM were selected. Sixteen studies that included 1,286 eyes were selected. All the included studies were retrospective or prospective comparative studies; no randomized controlled study was identified. Baseline preoperative best-corrected visual acuity and central macular thickness were equal between ILM peeling and no ILM peeling groups. Postoperatively, there was no statistically significant difference in best-corrected visual acuity (mean difference 0.01 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution [equivalent to 0.5 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letter]; 95% CI -0.05 to 0.07 [-3.5 to 2.5 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters]; P = 0.83) or central macular thickness (mean difference 13.13 μm; 95% CI -10.66 to 36.93; P = 0.28). However, the recurrence rate of ERM was significantly lower with ILM peeling than with no ILM peeling (odds ratio 0.25; 95% CI 0.12-0.49; P peeling in vitrectomy for idiopathic ERM could result in a significantly lower ERM recurrence rate, but it does not significantly influence postoperative best-corrected visual acuity and central macular thickness.

  3. EFFECT OF INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE PEELING DURING VITRECTOMY FOR DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nakajima, Takuya; Roggia, Murilo F; Noda, Yasuo; Ueta, Takashi

    2015-09-01

    To evaluate the effect of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling during vitrectomy for diabetic macular edema. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL were systematically reviewed. Eligible studies included randomized or nonrandomized studies that compared surgical outcomes of vitrectomy with or without ILM peeling for diabetic macular edema. The primary and secondary outcome measures were postoperative best-corrected visual acuity and central macular thickness. Meta-analysis on mean differences between vitrectomy with and without ILM peeling was performed using inverse variance method in random effects. Five studies (7 articles) with 741 patients were eligible for analysis. Superiority (95% confidence interval) in postoperative best-corrected visual acuity in ILM peeling group compared with nonpeeling group was 0.04 (-0.05 to 0.13) logMAR (equivalent to 2.0 ETDRS letters, P = 0.37), and superiority in best-corrected visual acuity change in ILM peeling group was 0.04 (-0.02 to 0.09) logMAR (equivalent to 2.0 ETDRS letters, P = 0.16). There was no significant difference in postoperative central macular thickness and central macular thickness reduction between the two groups. The visual acuity outcomes using pars plana vitrectomy with ILM peeling versus no ILM peeling were not significantly different. A larger randomized prospective study would be necessary to adequately address the effectiveness of ILM peeling on visual acuity outcomes.

  4. [Optical coherence tomography and microperimetry after internal limiting membrane peeling for epiretinal membrane].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Grimbert, P; Lebreton, O; Weber, M

    2014-06-01

    To evaluate the anatomical and functional consequences of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling in epiretinal membrane (ERM) surgery. Retrospective single-center study including consecutive patients operated on for idiopathic ERM. The integrity of the ILM was assessed by ILM Blue® staining after removal of the ERM: either the peeling was spontaneous (group 1) or a complementary peeling was required (group 2). Pre- and post-operatively (1 and 6 months), all patients were analyzed using visual acuity, SD-OCT (Spectralis HRA OCT, Heidelberg, Germany) and microperimetry (OPKO/OTI, Miami, USA). Twenty-one eyes of 21 patients were included: 12 "active ILM peelings" and 9 "spontaneous peelings". In both groups, visual acuity increased significantly after surgery. Microperimetry revealed more microscotomata at 1 and 6 months for active peeling (Ppeeling is frequently performed to reduce ERM recurrence. Despite lack of effect on visual acuity, active ILM peeling increases the incidence of microscotomas related to the site where the ERM or ILM is grasped. Active ILM peeling may be responsible for postoperative visual discomfort related to microscopic trauma during peeling. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

  5. "Poezja Religijna i Sakralna", nr 2

    OpenAIRE

    Tytko, Marek Mariusz

    2013-01-01

    Wstęp do "Religious and Sacred Poetry: An International Quarterly of Religion, Culture and Education" dotyczy głównie profilu czasopisma, jego struktury i zespołu autorskiego. Redaktor naczelny (Marek Mariusz Tytko) opisuje treść kwartalnika i jego program. Chrześcijańska kultura, religijna kultura literacka, chrześcijańska poezja religijna i poezja sakralna są głownym obszarem badawczym autorów tego kwartalnika. This introduction to Religious and Sacred Poetry: An International Quarterly ...

  6. Vitrectomy with or without internal limiting membrane peeling for idiopathic epiretinal membrane: A meta-analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chang, Wei-Cheng; Lin, Chin; Lee, Cho-Hao; Sung, Tzu-Ling; Tung, Tao-Hsin; Liu, Jorn-Hon

    2017-01-01

    Studies on vitrectomy with and without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) have yielded uncertain results regarding clinical outcomes and recurrence rates. To compare the clinical outcomes of vitrectomy with and without ILM peeling for idiopathic ERM. Databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CNKI databases, FDA.gov, and ClinicalTrials.gov, published until July 2016, were searched to identify studies comparing the clinical outcomes following vitrectomy with ERM and ILM peeling and with only ERM peeling, for treating idiopathic ERM. Studies with sufficient data were selected. Pooled results were expressed as mean differences (MDs) and risk ratios (RRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for vitrectomy with and without ILM peeling with regard to postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), and ERM recurrence rate. Eleven retrospective studies and one randomized controlled trial involving 756 eyes were identified. This demonstrated that the postoperative BCVA within 12 months was significantly better in the non-ILM peeling group (MD = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.00 to 0.08; P = 0.0460), but that the patients in the ILM peeling group had significantly better postoperative BCVA after 18 months (MD = -0.13, 95% CI: -0.23 to -0.04; P = 0.0049) than did those in the non-ILM peeling group. The non-ILM peeling group exhibited a higher reduction in postoperative CRT (MD = 51.55, 95% CI:-84.23 to -18.88; P = 0.0020) and a higher recurrence rate of ERM (RR = 0.34, 95% CI:0.16 to 0.72; P = 0.0048) than did the ILM peeling group. However, the improvement rates of BCVA (RR = 1.03, 95% CI:0.72 to 1.47; P = 0.8802) and postoperative CRTs (MD = 18.15, 95% CI:-2.29 to 38.60; P = 0.0818) were similar between the two groups. Vitrectomy with ILM peeling results in better visual improvement in long-term follow-ups and lower ERM recurrence rates, and vitrectomy with

  7. INCOMPLETE REPAIR OF RETINAL STRUCTURE AFTER VITRECTOMY WITH INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE PEELING.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hisatomi, Toshio; Tachibana, Takashi; Notomi, Shoji; Nakatake, Shunji; Fujiwara, Kohta; Murakami, Yusuke; Ikeda, Yasuhiro; Yoshida, Shigeo; Enaida, Hiroshi; Murata, Toshinori; Sakamoto, Taiji; Sonoda, Koh-Hei; Ishibashi, Tatsuro

    2017-08-01

    To examine retinal changes after vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling, we used a cynomolgus monkey model and focused on surgical damages of ILM peeling for long observational period of 3 years. Vitrectomy was performed followed by ILM peeling similar to clinical settings in humans. Ultrastructural changes of the retina were investigated by light, transmission, and scanning electron microscopy at 3 months and 3 years after ILM peeling. Ultrastructural study showed that the ILM peeled area was still clearly recognized after 3 years. The Müller cell processes covered most of the retina; however, the nerve fiber layer was partly uncovered and exposed to the vitreous space. The arcuate linear nerve fiber bundles were observed as comparable with dissociated optic nerve fiber layer appearance. Small round retinal surface defects were also observed around macula, resembling the dimple sign. Forceps-related retinal thinning was also found on the edge of ILM peeling, where we started peeling with fine forceps. The ultrastructural studies showed that most of ILM peeling area was covered with glial cells during wound healing processes. Retinal changes were found comparable with dissociated optic nerve fiber layer appearance or dimple sign, which were clinically observed with optical coherence tomography.

  8. Comparisons of foveal thickness and slope after macular hole surgery with and without internal limiting membrane peeling.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ohta, Kouichi; Sato, Atsuko; Senda, Nami; Fukui, Emi

    2018-01-01

    We have shown that the foveal contour was asymmetrical after idiopathic macular hole (MH) closure by pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. The purpose of this study was to determine whether these morphological changes differ in eyes after PPV without ILM peeling. Ten eyes of 10 patients that underwent PPV without ILM peeling and 12 eyes of 11 patients with ILM peeling were studied. The MH in all eyes was 6 months after the surgery. The mean parafoveal retinal thickness in the non-peeled group was 367.1 µm in the nasal (N), 353.0 µm in the temporal (T), 366.9 µm in the superior (S), and 357.3 µm in the inferior (I) sectors. The T, S, and I sectors were significantly thicker than the corresponding sectors in the ILM peeled group ( p =0.0008, 0.003, and 0.03, respectively). The mean ganglion cell complex was thicker not only in the N sector but also in the T sector in the non-peeled group. The mean retinal slopes in the non-peeled group (N, 40.2°; T, 37.6°; S, 41.2°; I, 39.5°) were flatter than those in the peeled group (N, 52.3°; T, 43.6°; S, 50.8°; I, 51.9°; p =0.009, 0.09, 0.008, and 0.017, respectively). The symmetrical fovea after MH surgery in the non-ILM peeled eyes indicates that the asymmetrical fovea after ILM peeling was probably due to the ILM peeling.

  9. Photoreceptor change and visual outcome after idiopathic epiretinal membrane removal with or without additional internal limiting membrane peeling.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ahn, Seong Joon; Ahn, Jeeyun; Woo, Se Joon; Park, Kyu Hyung

    2014-01-01

    To compare the postoperative photoreceptor status and visual outcome after epiretinal membrane removal with or without additional internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. Medical records of 40 eyes from 37 patients undergoing epiretinal membrane removal with residual ILM peeling (additional ILM peeling group) and 69 eyes from 65 patients undergoing epiretinal membrane removal without additional ILM peeling (no additional peeling group) were reviewed. The length of defects in cone outer segment tips, inner segment/outer segment junction, and external limiting membrane line were measured using spectral domain optical coherence tomography images of the fovea before and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the surgery. Cone outer segment tips and inner segment/outer segment junction line defects were most severe at postoperative 1 month and gradually restored at 12 months postoperatively. The cone outer segment tips line defect in the additional ILM peeling group was significantly greater than that in the no additional peeling group at postoperative 1 month (P = 0.006), and best-corrected visual acuity was significantly worse in the former group at the same month (P = 0.001). There was no significant difference in the defect size and best-corrected visual acuity at subsequent visits and recurrence rates between the two groups. Patients who received epiretinal membrane surgery without additional ILM peeling showed better visual and anatomical outcome than those with additional ILM peeling at postoperative 1 month. However, surgical outcomes were comparable between the two groups, thereafter. In terms of visual outcome and photoreceptor integrity, additional ILM peeling may not be an essential procedure.

  10. Five-Year Outcomes of Surgically Treated Symptomatic Epiretinal Membranes With and Without Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sultan, Harris; Wykoff, Charles C; Shah, Ankoor R

    2018-05-01

    The authors evaluated long-term postoperative visual outcomes and recurrence rates following surgery for symptomatic epiretinal membrane (ERM) ± internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. This was a retrospective, consecutive case series of 78 patients undergoing vitrectomy for symptomatic ERM between 1/2010 and 4/2012 with follow-up through at least postoperative year 5 (POY5). Outcomes included visual acuity (VA) (Snellen VA converted to logMAR), central retinal thickness (CRT; μm), and ERM recurrence. Subgroup analysis evaluated outcomes related to ILM peeling. Subgroup analysis based on ILM peeling did not find VA (20/50 [0.430 logMAR ± 0.061 logMAR; mean ± SD] vs. 20/60 [0.518 logMAR ± 0.128 logMAR] for ILM vs. non-ILM peeling respectively; P = .513) nor macular thickness (355 μm ± 13 μm vs. 360 μm ± 42 μm; P = .410) to be significantly different at POY5. Recurrence requiring surgery with and without ILM peeling was not statistically significantly different at POY5 (1.6% and 11.8%; P = .118). Vitrectomy for symptomatic ERM led to improved visual and anatomic outcomes with sustained benefit through 5 years. ILM peeling was was associated with reduced ERM recurrence, but this benefit was not statistically significant at POY5. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2018;49:296-302.]. Copyright 2018, SLACK Incorporated.

  11. Efficacy of vitrectomy with triamcinolone assistance versus internal limiting membrane peeling for highly myopic macular hole retinal detachment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wei, Yong; Wang, Ningli; Zu, Zhongqiao; Bi, Chuncao; Wang, Huaizhou; Chen, Fenghua; Yang, Xingguang

    2013-06-01

    To compare the outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with or without the adjuvant surgical procedures: triamcinolone acetonide (TA) assistance and/or internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for the treatment of highly myopic macular hole retinal detachment (MHRD). Case-control study. Pars plana vitrectomy combined with 2 kinds of adjuvant surgical procedures were used on 96 highly myopic eyes with MHRD. These eyes were assigned to 4 groups randomly: Group 1, non-TA-assisted PPV and without ILM peeling; Group 2, non-TA-assisted PPV with ILM peeling; Group 3, TA-assisted PPV and without ILM peeling; Group 4, TA-assisted PPV with ILM peeling. Anatomical reattachment of the retina, macular hole closure, and best-corrected visual acuity were measured. The rates of both retinal reattachment and macular hole closure were higher in Group 2 (84.0 and 44.0%) and Group 3 (80.8 and 46.2%) than Group 1 (73.9 and 17.4%); however, there were no differences between Group 2 and Group 3 (P > 0.05). The rates of macular hole closure were extremely low in Group 1 and also in eyes with extreme long axial lengths (≥29.0 mm), "severe" chorioretinal atrophy, and posterior staphyloma. Pars plana vitrectomy with either TA assistance or ILM peeling was effective for the treatment of highly myopic MHRD. If you peel the ILM, adding TA does not affect closure rates; and if TA is used to visualize the vitreous, ILM peeling may not be necessary in MHRD. There was a lower anatomical success rate in MHRD with extreme long axial lengths, severe chorioretinal atrophy, and posterior staphyloma.

  12. Multiple extrafoveal macular holes following internal limiting membrane peeling.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hussain, Nazimul; Mitra, Sandip

    2018-01-01

    Internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling has been the standard of treatment for macular holes. Besides, causing retinal nerve fiber layer surface abnormality, postoperative extrafoveal multiple retinal holes is a rare phenomenon following ILM peeling. We report an unusual complication of eight extrafoveal macular holes occurring following ILM peeling. A 60-year-old male presented with complaints of decreased and distorted vision in the right eye. He was diagnosed as having epiretinal membrane with lamellar macular hole. He underwent 23G pars plana vitrectomy, brilliant blue assisted ILM peeling and fluid gas exchange. Intraoperatively, ILM was found to be adherent to the underlying neurosensory retina. One month after cataract surgery, he underwent YAG capsulotomy in the right eye. He complained of visual distortion. His fundus evaluation in the right eye showed multiple (eight) extrafoveal retinal holes temporal to the macula clustered together. This case demonstrated that peeling of ILM, especially when it is adherent to the underlying neurosensory retina, may cause unwanted mechanical trauma to the inner retina. Glial apoptosis and neuronal degeneration may presumably play a role in delayed appearance of multiple (eight) extrafoveal macular holes, which has not been reported earlier.

  13. Subinternal limiting membrane hemorrhage post-Ahmed glaucoma valve in vitrectomized eye

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bhuvan Chanana

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Glaucoma drainage devices are mostly used for refractory glaucoma. Early postoperative complications include flat anterior chamber, choroidal effusion, and suprachoroidal hemorrhage. An 8-year-old male patient with a prior history of vitreous surgery for traumatic vitreous hemorrhage, presented to us with angle recession glaucoma in his right eye. His intraocular pressure (IOP was 44 mmHg despite maximum antiglaucoma medication. Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV surgery was performed to control his IOP. In the early postoperative period, the patient developed premacular subinternal limiting membrane (ILM hemorrhage, which did not resolve even after 4 weeks. Vitreoretinal intervention involving removal of the thickened ILM and sub-ILM bleed had to be performed. To the best of our knowledge, no case has been reported with sub-ILM bleed post aqueous humor shunts. Here, we report a case of premacular sub-ILM bleed following AGV in vitrectomized eye.

  14. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric analysis of aliphatic biodegradable photoluminescent polymers using new ionic liquid matrices.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Serrano, Carlos A; Zhang, Yi; Yang, Jian; Schug, Kevin A

    2011-05-15

    In this study, two novel ionic liquid matrices (ILMs), N,N-diisopropylethylammonium 3-oxocoumarate and N,N-diisopropylethylammonium dihydroxymonooxoacetophenoate, were tested for the structural elucidation of recently developed aliphatic biodegradable polymers by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). The polymers, formed by a condensation reaction of three components, citric acid, octane diol, and an amino acid, are fluorescent, but the exact mechanism behind their luminescent properties has not been fully elucidated. In the original studies, which introduced the polymer class (J. Yang et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2009, 106, 10086-10091), a hyper-conjugated cyclic structure was proposed as the source for the photoluminescent behavior. With the use of the two new ILMs, we present evidence that supports the presence of the proposed cyclization product. In addition, the new ILMs, when compared with a previously established ILM, N,N-diisopropylethylammonium α-cyano-3-hydroxycinnimate, provided similar signal intensities and maintained similar spectral profiles. This research also established that the new ILMs provided good spot-to-spot reproducibility and high ionization efficiency compared with corresponding crystalline matrix preparations. Many polymer features revealed through the use of the ILMs could not be observed with crystalline matrices. Ultimately, the new ILMs highlighted the composition of the synthetic polymers, as well as the loss of water that was expected for the formation of the proposed cyclic structure on the polymer backbone. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  15. Vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling versus inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique for macular hole-induced retinal detachment: a systematic review of literature and meta-analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yuan, Jing; Zhang, Ling-Lin; Lu, Yu-Jie; Han, Meng-Yao; Yu, Ai-Hua; Cai, Xiao-Jun

    2017-11-28

    To evaluate the effects on vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling versus vitrectomy with inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique for macular hole-induced retinal detachment (MHRD). Pubmed, Cochrane Library, and Embase were systematically searched for studies that compared ILM peeling with inverted ILM flap technique for macular hole-induced retinal detachment. The primary outcomes are the rate of retinal reattachment and the rate of macular hole closure 6 months later after initial surgery, the secondary outcome is the postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) 6 months later after initial surgery. Four studies that included 98 eyes were selected. All the included studies were retrospective comparative studies. The preoperative best-corrected visual acuity was equal between ILM peeling and inverted ILM flap technique groups. It was indicated that the rate of retinal reattachment (odds ratio (OR) = 0.14, 95% confidence interval (CI):0.03 to 0.69; P = 0.02) and macular hole closure (OR = 0.06, 95% CI:0.02 to 0.19; P peeling. However, there was no statistically significant difference in postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (mean difference (MD) 0.18 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution; 95% CI -0.06 to 0.43 ; P = 0.14) between the two surgery groups. Compared with ILM peeling, vitrectomy with inverted ILM flap technique resulted significantly higher of the rate of retinal reattachment and macular hole closure, but seemed does not improve postoperative best-corrected visual acuity.

  16. [Internal limiting membrane peeling as prophylaxis of epimacular membrane formation in eyes undergoing vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachement].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hejsek, L; Dusová, J; Stepanov, A; Rozsíval, P

    2014-06-01

    Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is a serious condition that can significantly impair visual function, even after a successful surgery. One of the complications that can significantly impair visual acuity in the postoperative period is a development of the epimacular membrane (ERM). The aim of this work is to monitor the effect of peeling of the internal limiting membrane (ILM) in the macula at the anatomical and functional results in the postoperative period, especially with regard to the development of ERM. Prospective study of 21 eyes, which underwent peeling of ILM during pars plana vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (on detached macula). The ILM peeling was done without using decalin during this procedure. We tested best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and followed fundus biomicroscopic findings. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) was evaluated according to the recommendations of the Retina Society Terminology Committee. To exclude the development of ERM in the macula optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed at the end of the 18-month follow-up period. In total, the results of 21 eyes of 21 patients who underwent PPV for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were evaluated. In all of them was during PPV performed ILM peeling on detached macula, these are followed prospectively. ILM peeling without using decalin was sufficient in all eyes. All eyes with ILM peeling did not develop ERM at the end of the follow-up period. ILM peeling during PPV for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment reduces the risk of developing secondary ERM.

  17. Retinal Damage Induced by Internal Limiting Membrane Removal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rachel Gelman

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available The internal limiting membrane (ILM, the basement membrane of the Müller cells, serves as the interface between the vitreous body and the retinal nerve fiber layer. It has a fundamental role in the development, structure, and function of the retina, although it also is a pathologic component in the various vitreoretinal disorders, most notably in macular holes. It was not until understanding of the evolution of idiopathic macular holes and the advent of idiopathic macular hole surgery that the idea of adjuvant ILM peeling in the treatment of tractional maculopathies was explored. Today intentional ILM peeling is a commonly applied surgical technique among vitreoretinal surgeons as it has been found to increase the rate of successful macular hole closure and improve surgical outcomes in other vitreoretinal diseases. Though ILM peeling has refined surgery for tractional maculopathies, like all surgical procedures it is not immune to perioperative risk. The essential role of the ILM to the integrity of the retina and risk of trauma to retinal tissue spurs suspicion with regard to its routine removal. Several authors have investigated the retinal damage induced by ILM peeling and these complications have been manifested across many different diagnostic studies.

  18. Changes in Retinal Thickness after Vitrectomy for Epiretinal Membrane with and without Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Obata, Shumpei; Fujikawa, Masato; Iwasaki, Keisuke; Kakinoki, Masashi; Sawada, Osamu; Saishin, Yoshitsugu; Kawamura, Hajime; Ohji, Masahito

    2017-01-01

    To investigate anatomic changes in retinal thickness (RT) and functional changes after vitrectomy for idiopathic epiretinal membranes (ERMs) with and without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. The medical records of 100 eyes of 96 patients with ERM who underwent vitrectomy and ERM removal were reviewed retrospectively. The RT was measured by optical coherence tomography, and the area was divided into 9 sections. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), 9 RT areas, and incidence rates of recurrent ERM were compared between the groups with and without ILM peeling before the operation and 12 months postoperatively. Thirty-nine eyes that underwent vitrectomy with ILM peeling and 61 eyes that underwent vitrectomy without ILM peeling met the inclusion criteria. There were no significant differences between the groups in the BCVA and any of the RTs before the operation and 12 months postoperatively. The ERMs recurred in 8 (20.5%) of 39 eyes and 26 (42.6%) of 61 eyes in the groups with and without ILM peeling, respectively, with a difference that reached significance (p = 0.02) 12 months postoperatively. Vitrectomy for ERM affects the BCVA or the RTs 12 months postoperatively. Additional ILM peeling does not affect them, but it might reduce the ERM recurrence rate. © 2016 S. Karger AG, Basel.

  19. IMPACT OF INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE PEELING ON MACULAR HOLE REOPENING: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rahimy, Ehsan; McCannel, Colin A

    2016-04-01

    To assess the literature regarding macular hole reopening rates stratified by whether the internal limiting membrane (ILM) was peeled during vitrectomy surgery. Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting on macular hole reopenings among previously surgically closed idiopathic macular holes. A comprehensive literature search using the National Library of Medicine PubMed interface was used to identify potentially eligible publications in English. The minimum mean follow-up period for reports to be included in this study was 12 months. Analysis was divided into eyes that underwent vitrectomy with and without ILM peeling. The primary outcome parameter was the proportion of macular hole reopenings among previously closed holes between the two groups. Secondary outcome parameters included duration from initial surgery to hole reopening and preoperative and postoperative best-corrected correct visual acuities among the non-ILM peeling and ILM peeling groups. A total of 50 publications reporting on 5,480 eyes met inclusion criteria and were assessed in this meta-analysis. The reopening rate without ILM peeling was 7.12% (125 of 1,756 eyes), compared with 1.18% (44 of 3,724 eyes) with ILM peeling (odds ratio: 0.16; 95% confidence interval: 0.11-0.22; Fisher's exact test: P peeling during macular hole surgery reduces the likelihood of macular hole reopening.

  20. Macular morphology and visual acuity after macular hole surgery with or without internal limiting membrane peeling

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Christensen, U.C.; Kroyer, K.; Sander, B.

    2010-01-01

    Aim: To examine postoperative macular morphology and visual outcome after 12 months in relation to internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling versus no peeling, indocyanine green (ICG) staining and re-operation in eyes that achieved macular hole closure after surgery. Methods: Seventy-four eyes...... with closed stage 2 or 3 macular holes were recruited from a randomised clinical trial comparing: (1) vitrectomy without ILM peeling; (2) vitrectomy with 0.05% isotonic ICG-assisted ILM peeling; and (3) vitrectomy with 0.15% trypan blue-assisted ILM peeling. Contrast-enhanced Stratus optical coherence...... between subgroups. Conclusions: Poor vision after 12 months despite macular hole closure was associated with attenuation and disruption of the foveolar photoreceptor matrix. The extent of attenuation and disruption was independent of peeling and staining....

  1. Fabrication and characterization of porous silicon for photonic applications

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Arvin I. Mabilangan

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Porous silicon (PSi thin films from p-type silicon (100 substrates were fabricated using a simple table top electrochemical etching setup with a 1:1 HF:EtOh electrolyte solution. Porous silicon f ilms with different morphologies and optical properties were achieved by varying the etching parameters, such as HF concentration, etching time andanodization current. It was observed that the f ilm thickness of the fabricated PSi increased with etch time and HF concentration. The etch rate increased with the applied anodization current. Reflection spectroscopy at normal incidence was used to determine the refractive indices of the fabricated f ilms. Using the Sellmeier equation, the chromatic dispersion of the f ilms was obtained for different HF concentrations and anodization currents.

  2. Need sinihallid veised... : Marie Under ja Villem Ridala / Ruth Mirov

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Mirov, Ruth, 1928-

    2008-01-01

    Vaadeldakse kahte ühest ja samast muistendist - merest tõusnud lehmakarjast - inspireeritud ballaadi: Marie Underi "Merilehmi" (ilm. kogus "Õnnevarjutus", 1929) ja Villem Ridala "Sinist karja" (ilm. kogus "Sinine kari", 1930)

  3. SURGICAL REMOVAL OF EPIRETINAL MEMBRANE WITH AND WITHOUT REMOVAL OF INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE: Comparative Study of Visual Acuity, Features of Optical Coherence Tomography, and Recurrence Rate.

    Science.gov (United States)

    De Novelli, Fernando J; Goldbaum, Mauro; Monteiro, Mario L R; Bom Aggio, Fabio; Takahashi, Walter Y

    2017-12-05

    To study and compare visual acuity, foveal thickness, outer limiting layer, ellipsoid zone, and recurrence rate in patients undergoing removal of the epiretinal membrane with and without the removal of the internal limiting membrane (ILM). Sixty-three patients who had the epiretinal membrane removed by a single surgeon were randomly assigned into 2 groups: Group 1 without additional removal of the ILM and Group 2 with removal of the ILM. Patients were followed up and evaluated at the first month, third month, and sixth month, postoperatively. Patients from both groups had a gradual improvement in their vision over time. There was no significant difference in the improvement in visual acuity between the two groups. About tomographic assessment of alterations, no significant differences were found between the groups; however, Group 1 had a higher relapse rate (17%) compared with Group 2 (3.6%) (P = 0.09). Epiretinal membrane removal with and without ILM peeling shows similar functional and anatomical improvements, but the group in which the ILM was not removed seemed to have a higher recurrence rate.

  4. Effect of internal limiting membrane peeling on the development of epiretinal membrane after pars plana vitrectomy for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nam, Ki Yup; Kim, Jung Yeul

    2015-05-01

    To investigate the difference in the occurrence of postoperative epiretinal membranes (ERMs) in vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with and without peeling of the internal limiting membrane (ILM). The medical records of the 135 patients, who underwent vitrectomy for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment from November 2007 to August 2011, were analyzed retrospectively. Of the subjects, 70 patients underwent ILM peeling during the surgery and 65 did not. The best-corrected visual acuity, fundus photograph, and optical coherence tomography were collected 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. The relationship between ILM peeling and the preoperative findings of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and development of a postoperative ERM was analyzed. No ERM occurred in the ILM peeling group, whereas an ERM occurred in 14 of 65 patients who underwent vitrectomy without ILM peeling (21.5%). This difference was significant (P peeling group and was significantly higher 12 months postoperatively (P = 0.03). Internal limiting membrane peeling seems to prevent the occurrence of a postoperative ERM in patients with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

  5. DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS OF ACTIVE INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE PEELING DURING EPIRETINAL MEMBRANE SURGERY: Microperimetric Analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Deltour, Jean-Baptiste; Grimbert, Pierre; Masse, Helene; Lebreton, Olivier; Weber, Michel

    2017-03-01

    The aim of the study was to assess the microperimetric consequences of active internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling during idiopathic epimacular membrane (IEMM) surgery. This retrospective monocentric study included 32 eyes of 31 consecutive patients who underwent IEMM surgery. Internal limiting membrane integrity was assessed by ILM Blue staining after IEMM removal: peeling was spontaneous (Group S) or active (Group A). Preprocedure and postprocedure (1 and 6 months) examinations were performed using visual acuity determination, spectral domain optical coherence tomography and microperimetry. Twenty-two eyes had an "active ILM peeling" and 10 a "spontaneous ILM peeling." Both groups had comparable and significant improvements in visual acuity 6 months after surgery (+1.82 lines [+9 letters] [Group A] and +1.51 lines [+8 letters] [Group S], P peeling has progressively become generalized in IEMM surgery to reduce recurrences. This additional procedure does not change the postoperative visual acuity but increases the development of deeper microscotomas. The real impact on the quality of vision remains unclear. Active ILM peeling in IEMM surgery may be responsible for visual impairment related to its microtraumatic effects.

  6. [Long-term outcome of vitrectomy combined with internal limiting membrane peeling for idiopathic macular holes].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yamamoto, Kaori; Hori, Sadao

    2011-01-01

    To elucidate the long-term outcome of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling on visual function during vitrectomy for idiopathic macular holes using scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) microperimetry. Prospective uncontrolled study. We studied 31 eyes (29 patients) with idiopathic macular holes. All patients underwent vitrectomy with ILM peeling. The SLO microperimetry was performed preoperatively, and once a year for 3 years postoperatively to detect scotomas in and around the macular holes, and both within and in close vicinity to the areas of ILM peeling. Closure of macular holes after one surgery was confirmed in all cases except for 2 with second surgery. The visual acuity by logarithmic minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) averaged 0.71 +/- 0.36 before surgery, 0.23 +/- 0.31 one year, 0.14 +/- 0.27 two years and 0.12 +/- 0.26 three years after surgery. There was significant improvement up to 2 years after the surgery. All scotomas detected before surgery in the holes, and 77.4% of those detected around the holes decreased gradually. No scotomas were detected in or around the area of ILM peeling either before or after surgery. ILM peeling in vitrectomy for idiopathic macular holes successfully improved visual acuity and did not influence retinal sensitivity in and around the area of ILM peeling. The scotomas detected in and around the holes before surgery gradually reduced or disappeared.

  7. Multiple extrafoveal macular holes following internal limiting membrane peeling

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hussain N

    2018-05-01

    Full Text Available Nazimul Hussain, Sandip Mitra Department of Ophthalmology, Al Zahra Hospital, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates Objective: Internal limiting membrane (ILM peeling has been the standard of treatment for macular holes. Besides, causing retinal nerve fiber layer surface abnormality, postoperative extrafoveal multiple retinal holes is a rare phenomenon following ILM peeling. We report an unusual complication of eight extrafoveal macular holes occurring following ILM peeling.Case presentation: A 60-year-old male presented with complaints of decreased and distorted vision in the right eye. He was diagnosed as having epiretinal membrane with lamellar macular hole. He underwent 23G pars plana vitrectomy, brilliant blue assisted ILM peeling and fluid gas exchange. Intraoperatively, ILM was found to be adherent to the underlying neurosensory retina. One month after cataract surgery, he underwent YAG capsulotomy in the right eye. He complained of visual distortion. His fundus evaluation in the right eye showed multiple (eight extrafoveal retinal holes temporal to the macula clustered together.Conclusion: This case demonstrated that peeling of ILM, especially when it is adherent to the underlying neurosensory retina, may cause unwanted mechanical trauma to the inner retina. Glial apoptosis and neuronal degeneration may presumably play a role in delayed appearance of multiple (eight extrafoveal macular holes, which has not been reported earlier. Keywords: internal limiting membrane, lamellar macular hole, full thickness macular holes, epiretinal membrane

  8. Evaluation of secondary surgery to enlarge the peeling of the internal limiting membrane following the failed surgery of idiopathic macular holes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Che, Xin; He, Fanglin; Lu, Linna; Zhu, Dongqing; Xu, Xiaofang; Song, Xin; Fan, Xianqun; Wang, Zhiliang

    2014-03-01

    The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical results of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with the surgical enlargement of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling in patients who had previously undergone failed idiopathic macular hole (IMH) surgery. In the study, 134 eyes from 130 IMH patients who had received PPV combined with ILM peeling surgery (2 disk diameters) were analyzed. Within this cohort, 14 eyes had IMHs that were not closed, of which 13 eyes underwent a second surgery involving enlargement of the ILM peeling. The extent of the ILM peeling was increased to the vascular arcades of the posterior fundus in the secondary surgery. Of the 13 eyes that underwent secondary surgery, five were in stage III and nine were in stage IV. The second surgery successfully achieved IMH closure in 61.5% (8/13) of the eyes. The IMH was completely closed following surgery and the logMAR vision increased from 0.98 to 0.84 (P=0.013) in the 8 successfully treated cases. The surgical enlargement of ILM peeling closed the IMHs and improved vision in the majority of patients. In addition, the procedures were safe. Therefore, the results of the present study indicate that enlargement of ILM peeling may be an effective therapy for patients who have previously undergone the failed surgical correction of an IMH.

  9. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RETINAL REATTACHMENT SURGERY WITH OR WITHOUT INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE PEELING TO PREVENT POSTOPERATIVE MACULAR PUCKER.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Forlini, Matteo; Date, Purva; Ferrari, Luisa Micelli; Lorusso, Massimo; Lecce, Gabriella; Verdina, Tommaso; Neri, Giovanni; Benatti, Caterina; Rossini, Paolo; Bratu, Adriana; DʼEliseo, Domenico; Ferrari, Tommaso Micelli; Cavallini, Gian Maria

    2017-07-18

    To determine whether internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling during pars plana vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment reduces the incidence of epiretinal membrane (ERM) formation. In this retrospective study, preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data from all eyes undergoing pars plana vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment between January 2007 and December 2013 was analyzed. All cases with at least 1-year of follow-up were included. Data collection included vision, intraoperative complications, occurrence of ERM, and spectral domain optical coherence tomography characteristics. The OCTs were retrieved for all eyes and were graded by a single masked grader. Out of 159 eyes recruited, ILM peeling was done in 78 eyes (49%). Overall occurrence of ERM was 20%. Seven eyes (9%) in ILM peeling group and 25 eyes in the non-ILM peeling group (31%) showed ERM (P = 0.001). Postoperative vision was significantly better in eyes that had ILM peeling (0.48 ± 0.4 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution [20/63] vs. 0.77 ± 0.6 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution [20/125], P = 0.003). In multivariable models adjusting for type of tamponade, ILM peeling reduced the likelihood of ERM formation by 75% (P = 0.01). Internal limiting membrane peeling during pars plana vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment significantly reduces ERM formation in the postoperative period and is associated with better visual and anatomical outcomes.

  10. Recurrence rate and need for reoperation after surgery with or without internal limiting membrane removal for the treatment of the epiretinal membrane.

    Science.gov (United States)

    De Novelli, Fernando José; Goldbaum, Mauro; Monteiro, Mario Luiz Ribeiro; Aggio, Fabio Bom; Nóbrega, Mario Junqueira; Takahashi, Walter Yukihiko

    2017-01-01

    To compare the recurrence rate and need for reoperation after epiretinal membrane surgery with and without removal of the internal limiting membrane. In this retrospective study, 125 patients operated for epiretinal membrane removal were evaluated, with a minimum 6-month follow-up. Removal of the epiretinal membrane (ERM) was performed in 78 patients, while 47 had removal of the epiretinal membrane associated with internal limiting membrane peeling (ERM + ILM). The mean age in the ERM group was 65.8 years old, ranging from 41 to 80 years old. In the ERM + ILM group, the mean age was 67.2 years old, ranging from 52 to 82 years old. The mean preoperative visual acuity in the ERM group was 20/80p, and in the ERM + ILM group, it was 20/80. The mean postoperative visual acuity in both groups was 20/30. The mean preoperative macular thickness in the ERM group was 467 µm ranging from 281 to 663 µm; in the ERM + ILM group, the preoperative macular thickness was 497 µm, ranging from 172 to 798 µm. After surgery, a reduction in macular thickness was observed in both groups. In the ERM group, the mean macular thickness reduction was 361 ± 101. µm, whereas in the ERM + ILM group, it was 367 ± 75.2 µm. Twenty-two patients presented with a recurrence of epiretinal membrane, of which 16 (20.5%) were from the ERM group and 6 (12.8%) were from the ERM + ILM group (p = 0.39); one patient (2%) was retreated in the ERM + ILM group, whereas 5 patients (6%) where retreated in the ERM group. We postulate that ILM peeling for the treatment of epiretinal membrane is not a relevant factor either for visual recovery or macular thickness reduction, but it may reduce the recurrence and reoperation rate.

  11. Surface characterization of retinal tissues for the enhancement of vitreoretinal surgical methods

    Science.gov (United States)

    Valentin-Rodriguez, Celimar

    Diabetic retinopathy is the most common ophthalmic complication of diabetes and the leading cause of blindness among adults, ages 30 to 70. Surgery to remove scar tissue in the eye is the only corrective treatment once the retina is affected. Visual recovery is often hampered by retinal trauma during surgery and by low patient compliance. Our work in this project aimed to improve vitreoretinal surgical methods from information gathered by sensitive surface analysis of pre-retinal tissues found at the vitreoretinal interface. Atomic force microscopy characterization of human retinal tissues revealed that surgically excised inner limiting membrane (ILM) has a heterogeneous surface and is mainly composed of globular and fibrous structures. ILM tissues also show low adhesion for clean unmodified surfaces as opposed to those with functional groups attractive to those on the ILM surface, due to their charge. Based on these observations, layer-by-layer films with embedded gold nanoparticles with a positive outer charge were designed. These modifications increased the adhesion between surgical instruments and ILM by increasing the roughness and tuning the film surface charge. These films proved to be stable under physiological conditions. Finally, the effect of vital dyes on the topographical characteristics of ILMs was characterized and new imaging modes to further reveal ILM topography were utilized. Roughness and adhesion force data suggest that second generation dyes have no effect on the surface nanostructure of ILMs, but increase adhesion at the tip sample interface. This project clearly illustrates that physicochemical information from tissues can be used to rationally re-design surgical procedures, in this case for tissue removal purposes. This rational design method can be applied to other soft tissue excision procedures as is the case of cataract surgery or laparoscopic removal of endometrial tissue.

  12. Fovea sparing internal limiting membrane peeling using multiple parafoveal curvilinear peels for myopic foveoschisis: technique and outcome.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jin, Haiying; Zhang, Qi; Zhao, Peiquan

    2016-10-18

    To introduce a modified surgical technique, the "parafoveal multiple curvelinear internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling", to preserve epi-foveal ILM in myopic foveoschisis surgery. Consecutive patients with myopic foveoschisis were enrolled in the present prospective interventional case series. The surgeries were performed using transconjunctival 23-gauge system. The macular area was divided into quadrants. ILM was peeled off in a curvilinear manner centered around the site that was away from the central fovea in each quadrant. Shearing forces were used to control the direction to keep the peeling away from central fovea. ILM at central fovea of about 500 to 1000 μm was preserved by this technique. This technique was performed in 20 eyes of 20 consecutive patients. Epi-foveal ILM was successfully preserved in all cases using the technique. Patients were followed up for more than 12 months. The mean postoperative logMAR visual acuity improved from 1.67 ± 0.65 preoperatively to 1.15 ± 0.49 (P = 0.015; paired t-test). Postoperative OCT examinations showed that full-thickness macular holes (MHs) did not developed in any case. Central fovea thickness decreased from 910 ± 261 μm preoperatively to 125 ± 85 postoperatively (P = 0.001; paired t-test). Fovea sparing ILM peeling using multiple parafoveal curvilinear peels prevents the development of postoperative full-thickness MHs in eyes with myopic foveoschisis.

  13. Internal limiting membrane peeling in macula-off retinal detachment complicated by grade B proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Foveau, Pauline; Leroy, Bertrand; Berrod, Jean-Paul; Conart, Jean-Baptiste

    2018-04-02

    To investigate the clinical benefit of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling as a surgical adjunct in the repair of primary retinal detachment (RD) complicated by grade B proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Retrospective, interventional, comparative case series. SETTING: Institutional. 75 consecutive patients who underwent vitrectomy for primary macula off RD complicated by grade B PVR. Patients were divided into an ILM peeling (group P) and a no ILM peeling (group NP). Anatomical success rate, best-corrected visual acuity, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) characteristics were collected at 1 and 6 months. In all, 37 eyes with ILM peeling were included in group P and 38 eyes without ILM peeling were included in group NP. The anatomical success rate after single surgery was higher in group P (89%) than in group NP (66%, p=0.03). Mean final visual acuity was 0.41 ±0.40 logMAR in group P versus 0.43 ±0.22 logMAR in group NP (p=0.82). We found no epiretinal membrane (ERM) formation in group P, whereas five cases of ERM (20%) were detected in group NP (p=0.012). The two groups did not differ in terms of cystoid macular edema occurrence, macular thickness, or photoreceptor damage. ILM peeling during vitrectomy in macula off RD complicated by grade B PVR reduces the need for a second surgery for re-detachment or macular pucker. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.

  14. Vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling vs no peeling for Macular Hole-induced Retinal Detachment (MHRD): a meta-analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Su, Jing; Liu, Xinquan; Zheng, Lijun; Cui, Hongping

    2015-06-20

    we conducted our meta-analysis of published studies to assess existing evidence about the efficacy and safety of vitrectomy with ILM peeling vs. that of vitrectomy with no ILM peeling for Macular hole-induced retinal detachment. Databases, including Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Ovid, Web of Science, Wanfang and CNKI, were searched to identify studies comparing outcomes following vitrectomy with ILM peeling and that with no ILM peeling for macular hole-induced retinal detachment. The meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.1. Six comparative studies comprising 180 eyes were identified. It was indicated that the rate of retinal reattachment (Odds ratio (OR) = 3.03, 95 % Confidence interval (CI):1.35 to 6.78; P = 0.007) and macular hole closure (OR = 6.74, 95 % CI:3.26 to 13.93; P peeling than that in the group of vitrectomy with no ILM peeling. However, the improved BCVA (Weighted mean difference (WMD) = 0.14, 95 % CI: -0.20 to 0.47; P = 0.42) and the rate of postoperative complications were similar between the two groups. Vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling is an efficient and safe procedure for macular hole-induced retinal detachment.

  15. Value of internal limiting membrane peeling in surgery for idiopathic macular hole stage 2 and 3: a randomised clinical trial

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Christensen, U C; Krøyer, K; Sander, B

    2009-01-01

    AIM: To determine the effect of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling on anatomical and functional success rates in stage 2 and 3 idiopathic macular hole surgery (MHS). METHODS: Randomised clinical trial of stage 2 and 3 idiopathic macular hole without visible epiretinal fibrosis and with less...... than 1 year's duration of symptoms. Eyes were randomised to (1) vitrectomy alone without retinal surface manipulation, (2) vitrectomy plus 0.05% isotonic Indocyanine Green (ICG)-assisted ILM peeling or (3) vitrectomy plus 0.15% Trypan Blue (TB)-assisted ILM peeling. Main outcomes were hole closure...... after 3 and 12 months and best-corrected visual acuity after 12 months. RESULTS: 78 eyes were enrolled. Primary closure rates were significantly higher with ILM peeling than without peeling for both stage 2 holes (ICG peeling 100%, non-peeling 55%, p = 0.014) and for stage 3 holes (ICG peeling 91%, TB...

  16. Spontaneous Absorption of Extensive Subinternal Limiting Membrane Hemorrhage in Shaken Baby Syndrome

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tatiana Tarules Azzi

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available The Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS is characterized by subdural hematomas (SH, retinal hemorrhages (RH, and multiple fractures of long bones without external evidence of head trauma. Subinternal limiting membrane (ILM hemorrhage, also known as macular schisis, is a characteristic finding of this entity. There is no guideline on the right time to indicate surgical treatment. This report describes an abused child with massive sub-ILM hemorrhage, which showed spontaneous absorption after less than two months of follow-up. Due to the possible spontaneous resolution, we suggest an initial conservative treatment in cases of sub-ILM hemorrhage related to SBS.

  17. Comparison of the Effectiveness of Pars Plana Vitrectomy with and without Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling for Idiopathic Retinal Membrane Removal: A Meta-Analysis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hanhan Liu

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available We conducted a meta-analysis of published retrospective studies and compared the effectiveness of pars plana vitrectomy with and without internal limiting membrane (ILM peeling for idiopathic epiretinal membrane (IERM. The results revealed that patients in the IERM+ILM peeling group had better BCVA after surgery within 12 months than those in IERM peeling group. But patients in the IERM peeling group showed better BCVA in the 18th month. More retrospective studies or randomized controlled trials are required to investigate and compare the long-term effect of IERM removal with and without ILM peeling.

  18. Comparison of the Effectiveness of Pars Plana Vitrectomy with and without Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling for Idiopathic Retinal Membrane Removal: A Meta-Analysis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, Hanhan; Zuo, Shanru; Ding, Chun; Dai, Xunzhang; Zhu, Xiaohua

    2015-01-01

    We conducted a meta-analysis of published retrospective studies and compared the effectiveness of pars plana vitrectomy with and without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for idiopathic epiretinal membrane (IERM). The results revealed that patients in the IERM+ILM peeling group had better BCVA after surgery within 12 months than those in IERM peeling group. But patients in the IERM peeling group showed better BCVA in the 18th month. More retrospective studies or randomized controlled trials are required to investigate and compare the long-term effect of IERM removal with and without ILM peeling. PMID:26693348

  19. [Drusen characteristics after internal limiting membrane peeling].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lehmann, F; Jenisch, T; Helbig, H; Gamulescu, M A

    2015-05-01

    There are some reports showing isolated cases of drusen regression after pars plana vitrectomy (ppV) with peeling of the internal limiting membrane (iLM). Drusen characteristics after iLM peeling was investigated in this study. The data of 527 patients who had received iLM peeling between 2004 and 2012 were retrospectively collected and those patients with retinal drusen were selected for the study. Fundus photographs before and after vitrectomy due to a macular hole or epiretinal gliosis were compared and drusen arrangement in the peeling site was analyzed. The aim of the study was to show whether there was drusen regression 2-5 months after surgery. Out of the 527 patients 11 showed central macular drusen, 4 with confluent large drusen (> 63 µm diameter) and 7 with small hard drusen (≤ 63 µm diameter). One patient showed drusen regression after iLM peeling without any changes in the other eye and all other patients showed no differences in the drusen findings (n = 6) or even some additional drusen (n = 4) without drusen alterations in the other eye. The results of this study could not confirm some reports showing drusen regression after iLM peeling in the peeling site in general and there was only one single case of central drusen regression.

  20. Relationship between Peeled Internal Limiting Membrane Area and Anatomic Outcomes following Macular Hole Surgery: A Quantitative Analysis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yasin Sakir Goker

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Purpose. To quantitatively evaluate the effects of peeled internal limiting membrane (ILM area and anatomic outcomes following macular hole surgery using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT. Methods. Forty-one eyes in 37 consecutive patients with idiopathic, Gass stage 3-4 macular hole (MH were enrolled in this retrospective comparative study. All patients were divided into 2 groups according to anatomic success or failure. Basal MH diameter, peeled ILM area, and MH height were calculated using SD-OCT. Other prognostic parameters, including age, stage, preoperative BCVA, and symptom duration were also assessed. Results. Thirty-two cases were classified as anatomic success, and 9 cases were classified as anatomic failure. Peeled ILM area was significantly wider and MH basal diameter was significantly less in the anatomic success group (p=0.024 and 0.032, resp.. Other parameters did not demonstrate statistical significance. Conclusion. The findings of the present study show that the peeled ILM area can affect the anatomic outcomes of MH surgery.

  1. Heavy trypan blue staining of epiretinal membranes: an alternative to infracyanine green

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Oberstein, Sarit Y. Lesnik; Mura, Marco; Tan, Stevie H.; de Smet, Marc D.

    2007-01-01

    BACKGROUND: By using dyes, it is easier to identify the extent of an epiretinal membrane (ERM) or the inner limiting membrane (ILM) during surgery. Trypan blue (TB) stains ERM and ILM weakly, but with less apparent toxicity than other intraocular dyes. Its main drawback in vitreoretinal surgery is

  2. SURGICAL OUTCOMES AFTER INVERTED INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE FLAP VERSUS CONVENTIONAL PEELING FOR VERY LARGE MACULAR HOLES.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Narayanan, Raja; Singh, Sumit R; Taylor, Stanford; Berrocal, Maria H; Chhablani, Jay; Tyagi, Mudit; Ohno-Matsui, Kyoko; Pappuru, Rajeev R; Apte, Rajendra S

    2018-04-23

    To evaluate the anatomical and visual outcomes of inverted flap technique of peeling of internal limiting membrane (ILM) versus standard peeling of ILM for macular holes of basal diameter more than 800 μm. Patients with very large idiopathic macular holes more than 800 μm in basal diameter (ranging from 243 μm to 840 μm in minimum diameter) were retrospectively included in the study. In Group A, 18 eyes of 18 patients underwent ILM peeling using the inverted flap technique. In Group B, 18 eyes of 18 patients underwent conventional ILM peeling. The primary endpoint was the rate of hole closure at 6 months after surgery. The secondary outcome measure was the change in best-corrected visual acuity at 6 months after surgery. There were no significant differences in ocular characteristics of the study groups at baseline except for the age distribution. Mean macular hole diameter was 1,162.8 ± 206.0 μm and 1,229.6 ± 228.1 μm in Group A and Group B, respectively. The hole closure rate was 88.9% (16/18) in Group A and 77.8% (14/18) in Group B (P = 0.66). The mean gain in best-corrected visual acuity was higher in Group A than in Group B (P = 0.12) at 6 months, but this was not statistically significant. There were no severe ocular adverse events in either group. In this multicenter series, inverted ILM flap technique did not lead to significantly higher anatomical closure rates than conventional ILM peeling in large macular holes more than 800 μm in diameter.

  3. Decreased retinal sensitivity after internal limiting membrane peeling for macular hole surgery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tadayoni, Ramin; Svorenova, Ivana; Erginay, Ali; Gaudric, Alain; Massin, Pascale

    2012-12-01

    To compare the retinal sensitivity and frequency of microscotomas found by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) combined with scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) microperimetry after idiopathic macular hole closure, in eyes that underwent internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and eyes that did not. This was a retrospective, non-randomised, comparative study. Combined SD-OCT and SLO microperimetry was performed in 16 consecutive eyes after closure of an idiopathic macular hole. A customised microperimetry pattern with 29 measurement points was used. The ILM was peeled in 8/16 eyes. The main outcome measure was mean retinal sensitivity. Mean retinal sensitivity (in dB) was lower after peeling: 9.80 ± 2.35 dB with peeling versus 13.19 ± 2.92 without (p=0.0209). Postoperative microscotomas were significantly more frequent after ILM peeling: 11.3 ± 6.6 points with retinal sensitivity below 10 dB in eyes that underwent peeling versus 2.9 ± 4.6 in those that did not (p=0.0093). These results suggest that ILM peeling may reduce retinal sensitivity, and significantly increase the incidence of microscotomas. Until a prospective trial confirming or not these results, it seems justified to avoid peeling the ILM when its potential benefit seems minor or unproved, and when peeling is carried out, to limit the surface peeled to the bare minimum.

  4. INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE PEELING-DEPENDENT RETINAL STRUCTURAL CHANGES AFTER VITRECTOMY IN RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hisatomi, Toshio; Tachibana, Takashi; Notomi, Shoji; Koyanagi, Yoshito; Murakami, Yusuke; Takeda, Atsunobu; Ikeda, Yasuhiro; Yoshida, Shigeo; Enaida, Hiroshi; Murata, Toshinori; Sakamoto, Taiji; Sonoda, Koh-Hei; Ishibashi, Tatsuro

    2018-03-01

    To examine retinal changes after vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling, we used 3-dimensional optical coherence tomography (3D-OCT) in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment cases. The 68 eyes from 67 patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were studied, including 35 detached macula cases (51%) and 33 attached macula cases. Internal limiting membrane peeling was performed with fine forceps after brilliant blue G staining. The 3D-OCT images were obtained with volume-rendering technologies from cross-sectional OCT images. The 3D-OCT detected 45 eyes (66%) with ILM peeling-dependent retinal changes, including dissociated optic nerve fiber layer appearance, dimple sign, temporal macular thinning, ILM peeling area thinning, or forceps-related retinal thinning. The ILM peeled area was detectable in only 9 eyes with 3D-OCT, whereas it was undetectable in other 59 eyes. The dissociated optic nerve fiber layer appearance was detected in 8 of the total cases (12%), and dimple signs were observed in 14 cases (21%). Forceps-related thinning was also noted in eight cases (24%) of attached macula cases and in four cases (11%) of detached macula cases. No postoperative macular pucker was noted in the observational period. The 3D-OCT clearly revealed spatial and time-dependent retinal changes after ILM peeling. The changes occurred in 2 months and remained thereafter.

  5. HEMI-TEMPORAL INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE PEELING IS AS EFFECTIVE AND SAFE AS CONVENTIONAL FULL PEELING FOR MACULAR HOLE SURGERY.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shiono, Akira; Kogo, Jiro; Sasaki, Hiroki; Yomoda, Ryo; Jujo, Tatsuya; Tokuda, Naoto; Kitaoka, Yasushi; Takagi, Hitoshi

    2018-05-09

    To investigate the efficacy of hemi-temporal internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for idiopathic macular hole. The medical records of patients with macular holes who had undergone vitrectomy with ILM peeling were studied. Forty-two eyes with macular hole were divided into 2 groups based on surgical procedure (hemi-temporal ILM peeling [hemi group]: 15 eyes; 360° ILM peeling [360° group]: 27 eyes). The closure rates and distances between the optic disc and the intersection of two retinal vessels most closely located nasally or temporally to the macular hole were compared. The primary closure rates were not significantly different between the two groups (hemi group: 93.3%; 360° group: 92.5%, P = 0.92). The temporal retinal vessels in the hemi group were displaced 120.5 ± 102.0 µm toward the optic disc at 1 week postoperatively, which did not differ significantly from the 360° group (136.1 ± 106.1 µm) (P = 0.107). However, the nasal retinal vessels in the hemi group were displaced by 42.4 ± 42.9 µm at 1 week postoperatively, which was significantly less than the 90.1 ± 77.3 µm displacement seen in the 360° group (P = 0.040). Hemi-temporal ILM peeling may be preferable to 360° ILM peeling because of less displacement of the retina and greater safety.This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

  6. 76 FR 18737 - Defense Transportation Regulation, Part IV

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-04-05

    ... III business rules include the elimination of the Domestic and International Local Move (dLM and iLM... using the existing DP3 domestic ``dHHG'' market using intrastate/interstate domestic shipment code ``D... Local Moves (iLM) into the DP3 international ``iHHG'' market using a new shipment code of service (COS...

  7. Full-Physics Inverse Learning Machine for Satellite Remote Sensing of Ozone Profile Shapes and Tropospheric Columns

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xu, J.; Heue, K.-P.; Coldewey-Egbers, M.; Romahn, F.; Doicu, A.; Loyola, D.

    2018-04-01

    Characterizing vertical distributions of ozone from nadir-viewing satellite measurements is known to be challenging, particularly the ozone information in the troposphere. A novel retrieval algorithm called Full-Physics Inverse Learning Machine (FP-ILM), has been developed at DLR in order to estimate ozone profile shapes based on machine learning techniques. In contrast to traditional inversion methods, the FP-ILM algorithm formulates the profile shape retrieval as a classification problem. Its implementation comprises a training phase to derive an inverse function from synthetic measurements, and an operational phase in which the inverse function is applied to real measurements. This paper extends the ability of the FP-ILM retrieval to derive tropospheric ozone columns from GOME- 2 measurements. Results of total and tropical tropospheric ozone columns are compared with the ones using the official GOME Data Processing (GDP) product and the convective-cloud-differential (CCD) method, respectively. Furthermore, the FP-ILM framework will be used for the near-real-time processing of the new European Sentinel sensors with their unprecedented spectral and spatial resolution and corresponding large increases in the amount of data.

  8. Eccentric Macular Hole after Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Epiretinal Membrane Without Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling: A Case Report.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Garnavou-Xirou, Christina; Xirou, Tina; Kabanarou, Stamatina; Gkizis, Ilias; Velissaris, Stavros; Chatziralli, Irini

    2017-12-01

    Postoperative eccentric macular hole formation is an uncommon complication after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for the treatment of epiretinal membrane (ERM). We present a case of eccentric macular hole formation after PPV for ERM without ILM peeling. A 68-year-old male patient presented with ERM and visual acuity of 6/24 in his left eye. He underwent 23-gauge PPV without ILM peeling for treatment of ERM. One week postoperatively the retina was attached and the epiretinal membrane was successfully removed, while visual acuity was 6/9. One month after PPV, a single eccentric retinal hole below the macula was detected using fundoscopy and subsequently confirmed by optical coherence tomography. At this time the visual acuity was 6/9 and the patient reported no symptoms. No further intervention was attempted and at the 9-month follow-up, the visual acuity and the size of the eccentric macular hole remained stable. Eccentric macular holes can be developed after PPV even without ILM peeling and are usually managed conservatively by observation.

  9. Autologous transplantation of the internal limiting membrane for refractory macular holes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Morizane, Yuki; Shiraga, Fumio; Kimura, Shuhei; Hosokawa, Mio; Shiode, Yusuke; Kawata, Tetsuhiro; Hosogi, Mika; Shirakata, Yukari; Okanouchi, Toshio

    2014-04-01

    To determine the effectiveness of autologous transplantation of the internal limiting membrane (ILM) for refractory macular holes. Prospective, interventional case series. Ten eyes of 10 consecutive patients who underwent autologous transplantation of the ILM for the treatment of refractory macular holes were studied. The primary diseases in these patients were large idiopathic macular holes that had existed for more than 1 year (4 eyes), a traumatic macular hole (1 eye), myopic foveoschisis (2 eyes), foveoschisis resulting from pit-macular syndrome (2 eyes), and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (1 eye). Apart from the 5 eyes with idiopathic or traumatic macular holes, macular holes developed in the other 5 eyes after initial vitrectomies with ILM removal. In all eyes, regular macular hole surgery failed to achieve closure. The main outcome measures used in this study were macular hole closure and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Macular holes were closed successfully in 9 eyes (90%) after autologous transplantation of the ILM. The postoperative BCVAs were significantly better than the preoperative BCVAs (P = .007, paired t test). Postoperative BCVAs improved by more than 0.2 logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution units in 8 eyes (80%) and were unchanged in 2 eyes (20%). Although this is a pilot study, the results suggest that autologous transplantation of the ILM may contribute to improved anatomic and visual outcomes in the treatment of refractory macular holes and may warrant further investigation. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  10. Internal limiting membrane peeling and gas tamponade for myopic foveoschisis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Meng, Bo; Zhao, Lu; Yin, Yi; Li, Hongyang; Wang, Xiaolei; Yang, Xiufen; You, Ran; Wang, Jialin; Zhang, Youjing; Wang, Hui; Du, Ran; Wang, Ningli; Zhan, Siyan; Wang, Yanling

    2017-09-08

    Myopic foveoschisis (MF) is among the leading causes of visual loss in high myopia. However, it remains controversial whether internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling or gas tamponade is necessary treatment option for MF. PubMed, EMBASE, CBM, CNKI, WANFANG DATA and VIP databases were systematically reviewed. Outcome indicators were myopic foveoschisis resolution rate, visual acuity improvement and postoperative complications. Nine studies that included 239 eyes were selected. The proportion of resolution of foveoschisis was higher in ILM peeling group than non-ILM peeling group (OR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.06-4.35; P = 0.03). The proportion of postoperative complications was higher in Tamponade group than non-Tamponade group (OR = 10.81, 95% CI: 1.26-93.02; P = 0.03). However, the proportion of visual acuity improvement (OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 0.56-4.80; P = 0.37) between ILM peeling group and non-ILM peeling group and the proportion of resolution of foveoschisis (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 0.76-4.28; P = 0.18) between Tamponade group and non-Tamponade group were similar. Vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling could contribute to better resolution of myopic foveoschisis than non-peeling, however it does not significantly influence the proportion of visual acuity improvement and postoperative complications. Vitrectomy with gas tamponade is associated with more complications than non-tamponade and does not significantly influence the proportion of visual acuity improvement and resolution of myopic foveoschisis.

  11. Sõpruse pst. 214 / Ilme Trepp

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Trepp, Ilme

    2002-01-01

    Rööptekst vene k. lk. 33-34. Ühistute huvide eest seismiseks loodi Mustamäe Korteriühistute Nõukoda, mis seab eesmärgiks esindada Mustamäe korteriühistuid, teha koostööd linnavalitsusega, vahetada infot ja kasulikke kogemusi

  12. Pārskatu ģenerēšanas bibliotēka Python valodai

    OpenAIRE

    Paltovs, Deniss

    2012-01-01

    Kvalifikācijas darba pamatā ir pārskatu ģenerēšanas bibliotēka Python valodai - PythonReports, kura ļauj Python izstrādātajiem no datiem un šablona izveidot izdruku uz ekrāna vai printera. Gala produkts ir vizuālais redaktors, kurš ļauj ērti un uzskatāmi veidot un rediģēt PythonReports šablonus, izmantojot mūsdienu lietotāju saskarnes tehnoloģijas operētājsistēmās ar grafisku lietotāja saskarni. Kvalifikācijas darbs balstās uz iepriekšējo pieredzi, iegūto izmantojot līdzīgus rīkus citās sist...

  13. FULL-PHYSICS INVERSE LEARNING MACHINE FOR SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING OF OZONE PROFILE SHAPES AND TROPOSPHERIC COLUMNS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J. Xu

    2018-04-01

    Full Text Available Characterizing vertical distributions of ozone from nadir-viewing satellite measurements is known to be challenging, particularly the ozone information in the troposphere. A novel retrieval algorithm called Full-Physics Inverse Learning Machine (FP-ILM, has been developed at DLR in order to estimate ozone profile shapes based on machine learning techniques. In contrast to traditional inversion methods, the FP-ILM algorithm formulates the profile shape retrieval as a classification problem. Its implementation comprises a training phase to derive an inverse function from synthetic measurements, and an operational phase in which the inverse function is applied to real measurements. This paper extends the ability of the FP-ILM retrieval to derive tropospheric ozone columns from GOME- 2 measurements. Results of total and tropical tropospheric ozone columns are compared with the ones using the official GOME Data Processing (GDP product and the convective-cloud-differential (CCD method, respectively. Furthermore, the FP-ILM framework will be used for the near-real-time processing of the new European Sentinel sensors with their unprecedented spectral and spatial resolution and corresponding large increases in the amount of data.

  14. Successful closure of treatment-naïve, flat edge (Type II, full-thickness macular hole using inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hussain N

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available Nazimul Hussain,1 Anjli Hussain2 1Department of Ophthalmology, Al Zahra Hospital, 2Al Zahra Medical Center, Dubai, United Arab Emirates Objective: The objective of this study was to present the outcome of the internal limiting membrane (ILM peeling flap technique for a treatment-naïve, flat edge (Type II, full-thickness macular hole (MH. Methods: A 52-year-old man presented with complaints of decreased vision and seeing black spot. He was diagnosed to have a flat edge, full-thickness MH, which was confirmed by optical coherence tomography (OCT. He underwent 23G vitrectomy with brilliant blue G-assisted inverted ILM peeling with an inverted flap over the hole followed by fluid gas exchange. Results: Postoperative follow-up until 3 months showed successful closure of the MH, which was confirmed by OCT. The best-corrected visual acuity improved from baseline 6/60 to 6/12 at the final follow-up. Conclusion: Using the inverted ILM flap technique, a treatment-naïve, flat edge (Type II, full thickness MH achieved successful anatomical and functional outcomes. Keywords: macular hole, inverted ILM, optical coherence tomography

  15. Tomographic Structural Changes of Retinal Layers after Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling for Macular Hole Surgery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Faria, Mun Yueh; Ferreira, Nuno P; Cristóvao, Diana M; Mano, Sofia; Sousa, David Cordeiro; Monteiro-Grillo, Manuel

    2018-01-01

    To highlight tomographic structural changes of retinal layers after internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling in macular hole surgery. Nonrandomized prospective, interventional study in 38 eyes (34 patients) subjected to pars plana vitrectomy and ILM peeling for idiopathic macular hole. Retinal layers were assessed in nasal and temporal regions before and 6 months after surgery using spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Total retinal thickness increased in the nasal region and decreased in the temporal region. The retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), and inner plexiform layer (IPL) showed thinning on both nasal and temporal sides of the fovea. The thickness of the outer plexiform layer (OPL) increased. The outer nuclear layer (ONL) and outer retinal layers (ORL) increased in thickness after surgery in both nasal and temporal regions. ILM peeling is associated with important alterations in the inner retinal layer architecture, with thinning of the RNFL-GCL-IPL complex and thickening of OPL, ONL, and ORL. These structural alterations can help explain functional outcome and could give indications regarding the extent of ILM peeling, even though peeling seems important for higher rate of hole closure. © 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel.

  16. Internal limiting membrane peeling or not: a systematic review and meta-analysis of idiopathic macular pucker surgery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fang, Xiao-Ling; Tong, Yao; Zhou, Ya-Li; Zhao, Pei-Quan; Wang, Zhao-Yang

    2017-11-01

    To determine whether internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling improves anatomical and functional outcomes in idiopathic macular pucker (IMP)/epiretinal membrane (ERM) surgery in this systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched the PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane, Ovid MEDLINE, ClinicalTrials.gov and CNKI databases for studies published before 15 September 2016. The eligibility criteria included studies comparing ILM peeling versus no-peeling for IMP surgery. Thirteen articles (10 retrospective cohort studies, 1 prospective cohort study and 2 randomised controlled trials (RCTs)) were included in the review. Primary outcomes: no differences were observed in the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) or central macular thickness (CMT) at 12 months; however, lower ERM recurrence (OR, 0.13; 95% CI 0.04 to 0.41; p=0.0004) and reoperation rates (OR, 0.10; 95% CI 0.02 to 0.49; p=0.004) that favoured ILM peeling were observed at the final follow-up. no difference was observed in BCVA at 3, 6 months, the final follow-up or in CMT at 3, 6 months, the final follow-up. Significantly increased CMT, which favoured ILM peeling, was observed at the final follow-up (p=0.002) in the RCTs. ILM peeling yielded greater anatomical success, but no improvement in functional outcomes as the treatment of choice for patients undergoing IMP surgery. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

  17. Postoperative eccentric macular holes after vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brouzas, Dimitrios; Dettoraki, Maria; Lavaris, Anastasios; Kourvetaris, Dimitrios; Nomikarios, Nikolaos; Moschos, Marilita M

    2017-06-01

    The purpose of this study was to describe the incidence, clinical characteristics, and outcome of eccentric macular holes presenting after vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for the treatment of macular pathology and discuss the pathogenesis of holes formation. A retrospective, noncomparative, interventional case-series study of five patients who developed eccentric macular holes postoperatively following vitrectomy in 198 consecutive patients who underwent ILM peeling for idiopathic macular hole and epiretinal membrane formation between 2008 and 2015. Five patients (2.5 %) developed full-thickness eccentric macular holes postoperatively. Three patients presented with a single eccentric macular hole, one patient had an eccentric hole after a failed idiopathic macular hole surgery and one patient developed four eccentric macular holes. The mean diameter of the holes was 584 μm (range 206-1317 μm) and the average time of holes formation after vitrectomy was 27.7 weeks (range 1-140 weeks). Postoperative best-corrected visual acuity ranged from "counting fingers" to 20/25. The eyes with the holes distant from the fovea had the best final visual acuity. No further intervention was attempted and no complications occurred. The mean follow-up time was 26.8 months. The postoperative macular holes after vitrectomy and ILM peeling were variable in number, size, and time of appearance but remained stable and were not associated with any complications. The pathogenesis of macular holes is most consistent with contraction of the residual ILM or secondary epimacular proliferation probably stimulated by ILM peeling.

  18. Cost-effectiveness of internal limiting membrane peeling versus no peeling for patients with an idiopathic full-thickness macular hole: results from a randomised controlled trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ternent, Laura; Vale, Luke; Boachie, Charles; Burr, Jennifer M; Lois, Noemi

    2012-03-01

    To determine whether internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling is cost-effective compared with no peeling for patients with an idiopathic stage 2 or 3 full-thickness macular hole. A cost-effectiveness analysis was performed alongside a randomised controlled trial. 141 participants were randomly allocated to receive macular-hole surgery, with either ILM peeling or no peeling. Health-service resource use, costs and quality of life were calculated for each participant. The incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained was calculated at 6 months. At 6 months, the total costs were on average higher (£424, 95% CI -182 to 1045) in the No Peel arm, primarily owing to the higher reoperation rate in the No Peel arm. The mean additional QALYs from ILM peel at 6 months were 0.002 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.013), adjusting for baseline EQ-5D and other minimisation factors. A mean incremental cost per QALY was not computed, as Peeling was on average less costly and slightly more effective. A stochastic analysis suggested that there was more than a 90% probability that Peeling would be cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay threshold of £20,000 per QALY. Although there is no evidence of a statistically significant difference in either costs or QALYs between macular hole surgery with or without ILM peeling, the balance of probabilities is that ILM Peeling is likely to be a cost-effective option for the treatment of macular holes. Further long-term follow-up data are needed to confirm these findings.

  19. Vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling versus no peeling for idiopathic full-thickness macular hole.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Spiteri Cornish, Kurt; Lois, Noemi; Scott, Neil W; Burr, Jennifer; Cook, Jonathan; Boachie, Charles; Tadayoni, Ramin; la Cour, Morten; Christensen, Ulrik; Kwok, Alvin K H

    2014-03-01

    To determine whether internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling improves anatomic and functional outcomes of full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) surgery when compared with the no-peeling technique. Systematic review and individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis undertaken under the auspices of the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Patients with idiopathic stage 2, 3, and 4 FTMH undergoing vitrectomy with or without ILM peeling. Macular hole surgery, including vitrectomy and gas endotamponade with or without ILM peeling. Primary outcome was best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCdVA) at 6 months postoperatively. Secondary outcomes were BCdVA at 3 and 12 months; best-corrected near visual acuity (BCnVA) at 3, 6, and 12 months; primary (after a single surgery) and final (after >1 surgery) macular hole closure; need for additional surgical interventions; intraoperative and postoperative complications; patient-reported outcomes (PROs) (EuroQol-5D and Vision Function Questionnaire-25 scores at 6 months); and cost-effectiveness. Four RCTs were identified and included in the review. All RCTs were included in the meta-analysis; IPD were obtained from 3 of the 4 RCTs. No evidence of a difference in BCdVA at 6 months was detected (mean difference, -0.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.12 to 0.03; P=0.27); however, there was evidence of a difference in BCdVA at 3 months favoring ILM peeling (mean difference, -0.09; 95% CI, -0.17 to-0.02; P=0.02). There was evidence of an effect favoring ILM peeling with regard to primary (odds ratio [OR], 9.27; 95% CI, 4.98-17.24; Ppeeling was found to be highly cost-effective. Available evidence supports ILM peeling as the treatment of choice for patients with idiopathic stage 2, 3, and 4 FTMH. Copyright © 2014 American Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  20. Vitrectomy with Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling versus No Peeling for Idiopathic Full-Thickness Macular Hole

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Spiteri Cornish, Kurt; Lois, Noemi; Scott, Neil W

    2014-01-01

    OBJECTIVE: To determine whether internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling improves anatomic and functional outcomes of full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) surgery when compared with the no-peeling technique. DESIGN: Systematic review and individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis undertaken...... under the auspices of the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. PARTICIPANTS AND CONTROLS: Patients with idiopathic stage 2, 3, and 4 FTMH undergoing vitrectomy with or without ILM peeling. INTERVENTION: Macular hole surgery, including vitrectomy and gas...... endotamponade with or without ILM peeling. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcome was best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCdVA) at 6 months postoperatively. Secondary outcomes were BCdVA at 3 and 12 months; best-corrected near visual acuity (BCnVA) at 3, 6, and 12 months; primary (after a single surgery...

  1. Full-Physics Inverse Learning Machine for Satellite Remote Sensing Retrievals

    Science.gov (United States)

    Loyola, D. G.

    2017-12-01

    The satellite remote sensing retrievals are usually ill-posed inverse problems that are typically solved by finding a state vector that minimizes the residual between simulated data and real measurements. The classical inversion methods are very time-consuming as they require iterative calls to complex radiative-transfer forward models to simulate radiances and Jacobians, and subsequent inversion of relatively large matrices. In this work we present a novel and extremely fast algorithm for solving inverse problems called full-physics inverse learning machine (FP-ILM). The FP-ILM algorithm consists of a training phase in which machine learning techniques are used to derive an inversion operator based on synthetic data generated using a radiative transfer model (which expresses the "full-physics" component) and the smart sampling technique, and an operational phase in which the inversion operator is applied to real measurements. FP-ILM has been successfully applied to the retrieval of the SO2 plume height during volcanic eruptions and to the retrieval of ozone profile shapes from UV/VIS satellite sensors. Furthermore, FP-ILM will be used for the near-real-time processing of the upcoming generation of European Sentinel sensors with their unprecedented spectral and spatial resolution and associated large increases in the amount of data.

  2. Displacement of fovea toward optic disk after macular hole surgery with internal limiting membrane peeling.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ohta, Kouichi; Sato, Atsuko; Senda, Nami; Fukui, Emi

    2017-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to demonstrate a displacement of the foveal depression toward the optic disk after idiopathic macular hole (MH) surgery with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. Two patients with a unilateral MH developed an MH in the fellow eyes. Vitrectomy with ILM peeling was performed on the fellow eye to close the MH. Images of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were used to measure the disk-to-fovea distances pre MH formation, after MH formation, and 6 months after the closure of the MH. The disk-to-fovea distance was shorter at 6 months than after the development of the MH (4,109 µm and 4,174 µm in Case 1 and 4,001 µm and 4,051 µm in Case 2). These results indicate that the fovea moves nasally after the MH surgery with ILM peeling.

  3. Outcomes of 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling with brilliant blue in macular hole

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nohutcu A

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available Huseyin Sanisoglu1, Mehmet Sahin Sevim1, Betul Aktas1, Semra Sevim2, Ahmet Nohutcu11Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, 2Uskudar State Hospital, Eye Clinic, Istanbul, TurkeyPurpose: The evaluation of anatomic and visual outcomes in macular hole cases treated with internal limiting membrane (ILM peeling, brilliant blue (BB, and 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV.Materials and methods: Fifty eyes of 48 patients who presented between July 2007 and December 2009 with the diagnosis of stage 2, 3, or 4 macular holes according to Gass Classification who had undergone PPV and ILM peeling were included in this study. Pre- and postoperative macular examinations were assessed with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. 23 G sutureless PPV and ILM peeling with BB was performed on all patients.Results: The mean age of patients was 63.34 ± 9.6 years. Stage 2 macular hole was determined in 17 eyes (34%, stage 3 in 24 eyes (48%, and stage 4 in 9 eyes (18%. The mean follow-up time was 13.6 ± 1.09 months. Anatomic closure was detected in 46/50 eyes (92%, whereas, in four cases, macular hole persisted and a second operation was not required due to subretinal fluid drainage. At follow-up after 2 months, persistant macular hole was detected in one case and it was closed with reoperation. At 12 months, an increase in visual acuity in 41 eyes was observed, while it remained at the same level in six eyes. In three eyes visual acuity decreased. There was a postoperative statistically significant increase in visual acuity in stage 2 and 3 cases (P < 0.05, however, no increase in visual acuity in stage 4 cases was observed.Conclusion: PPV and ILM peeling in stage 2, 3, and 4 macular hole cases provide successful anatomic outcomes, however, in delayed cases, due to photoreceptor loss, it has no effect on functional recovery. BB, used for clarity of ILM, may be beneficial due to its low retinal toxicity.Keywords: macular

  4. Experimentally observed evolution between dynamic patterns and intrinsic localized modes in a driven nonlinear electrical cyclic lattice

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shige, S.; Miyasaka, K.; Shi, W.; Soga, Y.; Sato, M.; Sievers, A. J.

    2018-02-01

    Locked intrinsic localized modes (ILMs) and large amplitude lattice spatial modes (LSMs) have been experimentally measured for a driven 1-D nonlinear cyclic electric transmission line, where the nonlinear element is a saturable capacitor. Depending on the number of cells and electrical lattice damping an LSM of fixed shape can be tuned across the modal spectrum. Interestingly, by tuning the driver frequency away from this spectrum the LSM can be continuously converted into ILMs and vice versa. The differences in pattern formation between simulations and experimental findings are due to a low concentration of impurities. Through this novel nonlinear excitation and switching channel in cyclic lattices either energy balanced or unbalanced LSMs and ILMs may occur. Because of the general nature of these dynamical results for nonintegrable lattices applications are to be expected. The ultimate stability of driven aero machinery containing nonlinear periodic structures may be one example.

  5. Hea uus Eesti ilm / Tanel Veenre

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Veenre, Tanel, 1977-

    2008-01-01

    Eesti kultuurist, uuest rahvuslikust tõusust muusikas (folgifestivalid, folk-metal muusika, öölaulupeod), moes (rahvariiete buum, Aldo Järvsoo kollektsioon Folkcouture, noorte moekunstnike tööd Supernooval), filmis ja teatris (Taarka, Anton Hansen Tammsaare suvelavastused, Pärimusteater Loomine), arhitektuuris, kirjanduses ja kokakunstis

  6. Hiina linna uued ilmed / Katja Koort

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Koort, Katja

    2007-01-01

    Hiina nüüdiskunsti näitus "Linnailmed / City Expressions" Tallinna Kunstihoones kuni 28. I. Osalevad Guangzhou ja Guangzhouga seotud kunstnikud. Kuraatorid Reet Varblane ja Zuo Zhengyao, kujundaja Rosita Raud. Pikemalt Feng Fengi, Yu Xudongi, Zuo Zhengyao, Weng Feni, Li Bangyao ja Hu Xiangqiani töödest

  7. Displacement of location in illusory line motion.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hubbard, Timothy L; Ruppel, Susan E

    2013-05-01

    Six experiments examined displacement in memory for the location of the line in illusory line motion (ILM; appearance or disappearance of a stationary cue is followed by appearance of a stationary line that is presented all at once, but the stationary line is perceived to "unfold" or "be drawn" from the end closest to the cue to the end most distant from the cue). If ILM was induced by having a single cue appear, then memory for the location of the line was displaced toward the cue, and displacement was larger if the line was closer to the cue. If ILM was induced by having one of two previously visible cues vanish, then memory for the location of the line was displaced away from the cue that vanished. In general, the magnitude of displacement increased and then decreased as retention interval increased from 50 to 250 ms and from 250 to 450 ms, respectively. Displacement of the line (a) is consistent with a combination of a spatial averaging of the locations of the cue and the line with a relatively weaker dynamic in the direction of illusory motion, (b) might be implemented in a spreading activation network similar to networks previously suggested to implement displacement resulting from implied or apparent motion, and (c) provides constraints and challenges for theories of ILM.

  8. Reservsõjaväelasele Leo Kunnasele anti Stalkeri romaaniauhind / Kalev Kask, Kaarel Kressa

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kask, Kalev

    2009-01-01

    Eesti Ulmeühingu Stalkeri-nimelised auhinnad jaotusid järgmiselt: algupärase romaani auhind - Leo Kunnas (romaani "Gort Ashryn" 1. osa "Enne viimast sõda"), algupärase jutu auhind - Indrek Hargla ("Minu päevad Liinaga", ilm. Looming, 2008, nr. 8), algupärase lühijutu auhind - Laur Kraft ("Ultima Cthule", ilm. võrguajakirjas Algernon), tõlkeromaani auhind - Sergei Lukjanenko ("Öine Vahtkond"), kogumiku auhind - Poul Anderson ("Taevarahvas"), tõlkejutu auhind - Paolo Bacigalup ("Flööditüdruk")

  9. Pašvaldības uzņēmuma "Rīgas Satiksme" komunikācija sociālajos medijos

    OpenAIRE

    Rika, Katrīna

    2014-01-01

    Bakalaura darba nosaukums ir „Pašvaldības uzņēmuma Rīgas Satiksme komunikācija sociālajos medijos”. Pētījuma galvenais mērķis ir noskaidrot, atbilstoši kādam Dž. Gruniga komunikācijas modelim tiek veidota Rīgas Satiksmes komunikācija sociālajos medijos. Teorētiskais pamatojumu veido nodaļas par sociālajiem medijiem un to veidiem, sabiedriskajām attiecībām un Dž. Gruniga komunikācijas modeļiem. Empīriskajā daļa tiek veikta kvalitatīvā kontentanalīze, kur tiek veikta uzņēmuma satura...

  10. The ultra-structural organization of the elastic network in the intra- and inter-lamellar matrix of the intervertebral disc.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tavakoli, J; Elliott, D M; Costi, J J

    2017-08-01

    The inter-lamellar matrix (ILM)-located between adjacent lamellae of the annulus fibrosus-consists of a complex structure of elastic fibers, while elastic fibers of the intra-lamellar region are aligned predominantly parallel to the collagen fibers. The organization of elastic fibers under low magnification, in both inter- and intra-lamellar regions, was studied by light microscopic analysis of histologically prepared samples; however, little is known about their ultrastructure. An ultrastructural visualization of elastic fibers in the inter-lamellar matrix is crucial for describing their contribution to structural integrity, as well as mechanical properties of the annulus fibrosus. The aims of this study were twofold: first, to present an ultrastructural analysis of the elastic fiber network in the ILM and intra-lamellar region, including cross section (CS) and in-plane (IP) lamellae, of the AF using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and second, to -compare the elastic fiber orientation between the ILM and intra-lamellar region. Four samples (lumbar sheep discs) from adjacent sections (30μm thickness) of anterior annulus were partially digested by a developed NaOH-sonication method for visualization of elastic fibers by SEM. Elastic fiber orientation and distribution were quantified relative to the tangential to circumferential reference axis. Visualization of the ILM under high magnification revealed a dense network of elastic fibers that has not been previously described. Within the ILM, elastic fibers form a complex network, consisting of different size and shape fibers, which differed to those located in the intra-lamellar region. For both regions, the majority of fibers were oriented near 0° with respect to tangential to circumferential (TCD) direction and two minor symmetrical orientations of approximately±45°. Statistically, the orientation of elastic fibers between the ILM and intra-lamellar region was not different (p=0.171). The present study used

  11. INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE PEELING VERSUS INVERTED FLAP TECHNIQUE FOR TREATMENT OF FULL-THICKNESS MACULAR HOLES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY IN A LARGE SERIES OF PATIENTS.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rizzo, Stanislao; Tartaro, Ruggero; Barca, Francesco; Caporossi, Tomaso; Bacherini, Daniela; Giansanti, Fabrizio

    2017-12-08

    The inverted flap (IF) technique has recently been introduced in macular hole (MH) surgery. The IF technique has shown an increase of the success rate in the case of large MHs and in MHs associated with high myopia. This study reports the anatomical and functional results in a large series of patients affected by MH treated using pars plana vitrectomy and gas tamponade combined with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling or IF. This is a retrospective, consecutive, nonrandomized comparative study of patients affected by idiopathic or myopic MH treated using small-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (25- or 23-gauge) between January 2011 and May 2016. The patients were divided into two groups according to the ILM removal technique (complete removal vs. IF). A subgroup analysis was performed according to the MH diameter (MH peeling and 320 patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy and IF. Overall, 84.94% of the patients had complete anatomical success characterized by MH closure after the operation. In particular, among the patients who underwent only ILM peeling the closure rate was 78.75%; among the patients who underwent the IF technique, it was 91.93% (P = 0.001); and among the patients affected by full-thickness MH ≥400 µm, success was achieved in 95.6% of the cases in the IF group and in 78.6% in the ILM peeling group (P = 0.001); among the patients with an axial length ≥26 mm, success was achieved in 88.4% of the cases in the IF group and in 38.9% in the ILM peeling group (P = 0.001). Average preoperative best-corrected visual acuity was 0.77 (SD = 0.32) logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (20/118 Snellen) in the peeling group and 0.74 (SD = 0.33) logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (20/110 Snellen) in the IF group (P = 0.31). Mean postoperative best-corrected visual acuity was 0.52 (SD = 0.42) logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (20/66 Snellen) in the peeling group and 0.43 (SD = 0.31) logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (20

  12. A meta-analysis of vitrectomy with or without internal limiting membrane peeling for macular hole retinal detachment in the highly myopic eyes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gao, Xinxiao; Guo, Jia; Meng, Xin; Wang, Jun; Peng, Xiaoyan; Ikuno, Yasushi

    2016-06-13

    To evaluate the anatomical and visual outcomes by par plana vitrectomy with or without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling in highly myopic eyes with macular hole retinal detachment (MHRD). MEDLINE (Ovid, PubMed) and EMBASE were used for data collection up to September 30, 2015. The parameters of anatomical success, macular hole closure and improved best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at or beyond 6 months after operation were assessed as the primary outcome measurement. The meta-analysis was performed with the fixed-effects model. Seven comparative analyses involving a total of 373 patients were included in the present meta-analysis. Statistically the pooled data showed significant relative risk (RR) in terms of primary reattachment between ILM peeling and non-peeling groups (RR, 1.19; 95 % CI, 1.04 to 1.36; P = 0.012). An effect favoring ILM peeling with regard to macular hole closure was also detected (RR, 1.71; 95 % CI, 1.20 to 2.43; P = 0.003). However, no statistically significant difference was found in the improved BCVA (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) at 6 months or more (95 % CI, -0.31 to 0.44; P = 0.738). There is no proved benefit of postoperative visual improvement. However, the available evidences from this study suggested a superiority of ILM peeling over no peeling for myopic patients with MHRD.

  13. Macular hole-associated retinal detachment in Best vitelliform dystrophy: Series of two cases and literature review

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tewari, Ruchir; Kumar, Vinod; Ravani, Raghav; Dubey, Devashish; Chandra, Parijat; Kumar, Atul

    2018-01-01

    Two eyes of 2 patients with macular hole-associated retinal detachment in clinically diagnosed vitelliruptive stage of Best vitelliform dystrophy were surgically managed by 25-gauge sutureless pars plana vitrectomy, internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling with inverted ILM flap, and short-acting (SF6) gas tamponade. The patients were assessed with respect to best-corrected visual acuity, color fundus photographs, shortwave fundus autofluorescence, and swept source optical coherence tomography. Surgical intervention led to Type 1 closure of macular hole, resolution of retinal detachment, and improvement in vision in both patients. PMID:29676326

  14. Macular hole-associated retinal detachment in Best vitelliform dystrophy: Series of two cases and literature review

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ruchir Tewari

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Two eyes of 2 patients with macular hole-associated retinal detachment in clinically diagnosed vitelliruptive stage of Best vitelliform dystrophy were surgically managed by 25-gauge sutureless pars plana vitrectomy, internal limiting membrane (ILM peeling with inverted ILM flap, and short-acting (SF6 gas tamponade. The patients were assessed with respect to best-corrected visual acuity, color fundus photographs, shortwave fundus autofluorescence, and swept source optical coherence tomography. Surgical intervention led to Type 1 closure of macular hole, resolution of retinal detachment, and improvement in vision in both patients.

  15. The Integrated Landscape Modeling partnership - Current status and future directions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mushet, David M.; Scherff, Eric J.

    2016-01-28

    The Integrated Landscape Modeling (ILM) partnership is an effort by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) to identify, evaluate, and develop models to quantify services derived from ecosystems, with a focus on wetland ecosystems and conservation effects. The ILM partnership uses the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) modeling platform to facilitate regional quantifications of ecosystem services under various scenarios of land-cover change that are representative of differing conservation program and practice implementation scenarios. To date, the ILM InVEST partnership has resulted in capabilities to quantify carbon stores, amphibian habitat, plant-community diversity, and pollination services. Work to include waterfowl and grassland bird habitat quality is in progress. Initial InVEST modeling has been focused on the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of the United States; future efforts might encompass other regions as data availability and knowledge increase as to how functions affecting ecosystem services differ among regions.The ILM partnership is also developing the capability for field-scale process-based modeling of depressional wetland ecosystems using the Agricultural Policy/Environmental Extender (APEX) model. Progress was made towards the development of techniques to use the APEX model for closed-basin depressional wetlands of the PPR, in addition to the open systems that the model was originally designed to simulate. The ILM partnership has matured to the stage where effects of conservation programs and practices on multiple ecosystem services can now be simulated in selected areas. Future work might include the continued development of modeling capabilities, as well as development and evaluation of differing conservation program and practice scenarios of interest to partner agencies including the USDA’s Farm Service Agency (FSA) and Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). When

  16. Clinical and cost-effectiveness of internal limiting membrane peeling for patients with idiopathic full thickness macular hole. Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial: FILMS (Full-thickness macular hole and Internal Limiting Membrane peeling Study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cook Jonathan

    2008-11-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background A full-thickness macular hole (FTMH is a common retinal condition associated with impaired vision. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs have demonstrated that surgery, by means of pars plana vitrectomy and post-operative intraocular tamponade with gas, is effective for stage 2, 3 and 4 FTMH. Internal limiting membrane (ILM peeling has been introduced as an additional surgical manoeuvre to increase the success of the surgery; i.e. increase rates of hole closure and visual improvement. However, little robust evidence exists supporting the superiority of ILM peeling compared with no-peeling techniques. The purpose of FILMS (Full-thickness macular hole and Internal Limiting Membrane peeling Study is to determine whether ILM peeling improves the visual function, the anatomical closure of FTMH, and the quality of life of patients affected by this disorder, and the cost-effectiveness of the surgery. Methods/Design Patients with stage 2–3 idiopathic FTMH of less or equal than 18 months duration (based on symptoms reported by the participant and with a visual acuity ≤ 20/40 in the study eye will be enrolled in this FILMS from eight sites across the UK and Ireland. Participants will be randomised to receive combined cataract surgery (phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation and pars plana vitrectomy with postoperative intraocular tamponade with gas, with or without ILM peeling. The primary outcome is distance visual acuity at 6 months. Secondary outcomes include distance visual acuity at 3 and 24 months, near visual acuity at 3, 6, and 24 months, contrast sensitivity at 6 months, reading speed at 6 months, anatomical closure of the macular hole at each time point (1, 3, 6, and 24 months, health related quality of life (HRQOL at six months, costs to the health service and the participant, incremental costs per quality adjusted life year (QALY and adverse events. Discussion FILMS will provide high quality evidence on the

  17. Discrete breathers in an electric lattice with an impurity: Birth, interaction, and death

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gómez-Rojas, A.; Halevi, P.

    2018-02-01

    We have simulated aspects of intrinsic localized modes or discrete breathers in a modulated lumped transmission line with nonlinear varactors and a defect unit cell. As the inductance or capacitance of this cell is increased, a transition from instability to stability takes place. Namely, there exist threshold values of the inductance or capacitance of a lattice impurity for a breather to be able to attach to. A resistive defect can also anchor a breather. Moreover, by either gradually lowering all the source resistances, or else increasing the modulation frequency, multiple secondary ILMs can be spontaneously generated at host sites (with only a single inductive or capacitive defect). Further, if two impurities are subcritically spaced (the separation increasing with the amplitude of the modulation voltage), a breather can pop up midway, with no breathers at the impurity sites themselves. Finally, an ILM can pull closer its neighbors on both sides, only to perish once these ILMs have gotten sufficiently close. To our knowledge, these effects have not been reported for any discrete nonlinear system.

  18. Utility of microscope-integrated optical coherence tomography (MIOCT) in the treatment of myopic macular hole retinal detachment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kumar, Atul; Kakkar, Prateek; Ravani, Raghav Dinesh; Markan, Ashish

    2017-07-14

    Macular hole-associated retinal detachment in high myopia is described as a final stage in progression of myopic traction maculopathy (MTM). 1â€"3 Shimada et al 4 described the progressive stages of MTM from macular retinoschisis to serous retinal detachment in high myopia. Stage 4 MTM is characterised as disappearance of retinoschisis with progression to retinal detachment due to macular hole formation. It is hypothesised that vitreoschisis and abnormal vitreo-retinal interface create the premacular tangential traction. 5 6 Intraoperative triamcinolone acetonide is used to visualise the residual posterior vitreous cortex (PVC). We hereby describe the utility of microscope-integrated optical coherence tomography (MIOCT) in assisting complete removal of PVC and internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling with multilayered inverted ILM flap in the treatment of myopic macular hole retinal detachment. MIOCT helped identify vitreoschisis and confirm the position of ILM flaps over the macular hole intraoperatively. © BMJ Publishing Group Ltd (unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

  19. [Anatomical and functional results of macular hole surgery with internal limiting membrane peeling after 10-year follow-up].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Foveau, P; Conart, J-B; Hubert, I; Selton, J; Berrod, J-P

    2016-09-01

    To evaluate the anatomical and functional results of macular hole surgery with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling after 10 years follow-up. Monocentric retrospective study of patients who had undergone macular hole surgery between 2003 and 2005 in the Nancy University Medical Center and still followed in the department in 2014. All patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy and ILM peeling without staining. Clinical examination at ten years including determination of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), evaluation of quality of life and spectral domain optical coherence tomography was performed. Four men and six women with mean age of 64±8 years were included. The mean diameter of the MH was 395±133μm. The mean best corrected visual acuity improved significantly from 0.90±0.22 logMAR to 0.14±0.14 logMAR after 10 years with a satisfactory quality of life in 90 % of patients. The integrity of the IS/OS layer was preserved in 9 eyes. Inner retinal dimples located in the temporal quadrant related to ILM peeling initiation were observed in 8 eyes. No significant RNFL or ganglion cell complex changes were found compared to the contralateral eye. Macular hole surgery with ILM peeling in this series resulted in a visual acuity gain of 8 ETDRS lines and persistent improvement in quality of life after a 10-year follow-up. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

  20. Intrinsic localized modes in arrays of atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensates

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Abdullaev, F.Kh.; Konotop, V.V.

    2003-01-01

    The existence of strongly localized matter solitons, intrinsic localized modes (ILM's), in an array of atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensates (AMBEC's) is shown. The theory is based on the Wannier function expansion of the system order parameter and predicts the possibility of strong localization of the atomic and molecular components whose relative populations are determined by the Raman detuning parameter and by the atom-molecule conversion rate. ILM's can possess different symmetries and spatial distributions of the components. In this context AMBEC arrays can be viewed as potential compressors and separators of atomic and molecular condensates

  1. Aikido pamatprincipi, tehnikas un filozofiskās idejas

    OpenAIRE

    Kovaļovs, Jānis

    2013-01-01

    Bakalaura darbs veltīts aikido pamatprincipu, tehnikas un filozofisko ideju izpētei, kas ietekmē cilvēka uztveri, ieradumus, dzīvesveidu u.c. Galvenais uzsvars šajā darbā tiek likts uz aikido universālo pamatprincipu izzināšanu, un Rietumu un japāņu meistaru pieejas izprašanu. Aikido tiek saukts par piedošanas cīņas mākslu, kas meklē veidus kā harmoniski līdzpastāvēt ar apkārtējo pasauli. Īpaši pēdējo gadu laikā tas iemanto arvien lielāku popularitāti, neskatoties uz to, ka izņemot apzīmējumu...

  2. Microvascular changes after vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling: an optical coherence tomography angiography study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mastropasqua, Leonardo; Borrelli, Enrico; Carpineto, Paolo; Toto, Lisa; Di Antonio, Luca; Mattei, Peter A; Mastropasqua, Rodolfo

    2017-06-19

    To evaluate superficial capillary plexus (SCP) changes occurring after internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for the treatment of idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM). A total of 15 eyes of 15 patients affected by idiopathic ERM (eight males and seven females; mean age 59.8 ± 9.6 years) were enrolled in the study. Patients were treated with pars plana vitrectomy followed by ERM and ILM peeling. Subjects were evaluated at baseline and at the week-1 and month-1 follow-up visits. At each visit, patients were evaluated with a complete ophthalmologic evaluation, which included imaging with optical coherence tomography angiography. Overall, the SCP vessel density was 43.0 ± 3.0% at baseline and was stable throughout the follow-up (40.0 ± 4.0% at week-1 and 41.0 ± 4.0% at month-1 follow-up visits; p = 0.087 and p = 0.426, respectively). Nevertheless, the SCP vessel density was reduced at week-1 visit in both the superior and inferior sectors. In these sectors, the superficial vessel density was still reduced at the month-1 follow-up visit. We observed a reduction in the SCP vessel density occurring after pars plana vitrectomy with ILM peeling. The reduction is referred to those areas where other changes (e.g., swelling of the arcuate nerve fiber layer) have been already described. In theory, superficial vessel density modifications may be due to the direct surgical trauma to the inner retina, where the superficial plexus is contained, during the ILM grasping.

  3. [Social and health impact of Institutes of Legal Medicine in Spain: beyond justice].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Barbería, Eneko; Xifró, Alexandre; Suelves, Josep María; Arimany-Manso, Josep

    2014-03-01

    The main mission of Spanish Institutes of Legal Medicine (ILMs) is to serve the justice system. We review the potential broader role of the work done by ILMs, with an emphasis on forensic pathology. The relevance of forensic information to increase the quality of mortality statistics is highlighted, taking into account the persistence of the low validity of the external causes of death in the Mortality Register that was already detected more than a decade ago. The new statistical form and reporting system for the deaths under ILMs jurisdiction, as introduced by the Spanish Instituto Nacional de Estadística in 2009, are also described. The IMLs role in the investigation of the following mortality causes and of their determinants is reviewed in detail: traffic accidents, suicide, drugs of abuse, child deaths and sudden deaths. We conclude that an important public role of IMLs is emerging beyond their valuable service to the justice system, mainly through the gathering of data critical to assess and prevent several medical and public health and safety issues of great social impact and through their participation in epidemiologic research and surveillance. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.

  4. Outcomes of microscope-integrated intraoperative optical coherence tomography-guided center-sparing internal limiting membrane peeling for myopic traction maculopathy: a novel technique.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kumar, Atul; Ravani, Raghav; Mehta, Aditi; Simakurthy, Sriram; Dhull, Chirakshi

    2017-07-04

    To evaluate the outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with microscope-integrated intraoperative optical coherence tomography (I-OCT)-guided traction removal and center-sparing internal limiting membrane (cs-ILM) peeling. Nine eyes with myopic traction maculopathy as diagnosed on SD-OCT underwent PPV with I-OCT-guided cs-ILM peeling and were evaluated prospectively for resolution of central macular thickness (CMT) and improvement in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and complications, if any, were noted. All patients were followed up for more than 9 months. Resolution of the macular retinoschisis was seen in all nine eyes on SD-OCT. At 36 weeks, there was a significant improvement in mean BCVA from the preoperative BCVA (P = 0.0089) along with a reduction in the CMT from 569.77 ± 263.19 to 166.0 ± 43.91 um (P = 0.0039). None of the eyes showed worsening of BCVA or development of full-thickness macular hole in the intraoperative or follow-up period. PPV with I-OCT-guided cs-ILM peeling helps in complete removal of traction, resolution of retinoschisis and good functional recovery with low intraoperative and postoperative complications.

  5. Risk of mental health and nutritional problems for left-behind children of international labor migrants.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wickramage, Kolitha; Siriwardhana, Chesmal; Vidanapathirana, Puwalani; Weerawarna, Sulochana; Jayasekara, Buddhini; Pannala, Gayani; Adikari, Anushka; Jayaweera, Kaushalya; Peiris, Sharika; Siribaddana, Sisira; Sumathipala, Athula

    2015-03-06

    One-in-ten Sri Lankans are employed abroad as International Labor Migrants (ILM), mainly as domestic maids or low-skilled laborers. Little is known about the impact their migration has on the health status of the children they 'leave behind'. This national study explored associations between the health status of 'left-behind' children of ILM's with those from comparative non-migrant families. A cross-sectional study design with multi-stage random sampling was used to survey a total of 820 children matched for both age and sex. Socio-demographic and health status data were derived using standardized pre-validated instruments. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to estimate the differences in mental health outcomes between children of migrant vs. non-migrant families. Two in every five left-behind children were shown to have mental disorders [95%CI: 37.4-49.2, p migration of labour, where remittances from ILM's remain as the single highest contributor to the economy. These findings may be relevant for other labour 'sending countries' in Asia relying on contractual labor migration for economic gain. Further studies are needed to assess longitudinal health impacts on the children left-behind.

  6. Psihosomātiskā ietekme uz ametropijām

    OpenAIRE

    De March, Mauro

    2013-01-01

    Bakalaura darbs ir uzrakstīts angļu valodā, satur 51 drukātas lapas, 30 zīmējumus, 21 grafiku un 4 tabulas. Galvenais darba mērķis ir parādīt sakaru starp individuāla cilvēka psiho-enerģētiskajiem apstākļiem, viņa fiziskajām īpašībām un ametropijas tipu. Eksperimentālie pētījumi ir veikti Itālijā 227 pacientiem vecumā no 14 līdz 84 gadiem, no kuriem 113 bija vīrieši un 114 sievietes. Tika meklēts sakars starp redzes defektiem un iespējamiem indivīda psiholoģiskajiem konfliktiem un somatiska...

  7. Indijas kinematogrāfs: Ceļš uz triumfu

    OpenAIRE

    Gumennikovs, Pāvels

    2009-01-01

    Bakalaura darba – „Indijas kinematogrāfs: Ceļš uz triumfu” galvenais mērķis ir izskaidrot un saprast kā Indijas kino industrija nonāca pie pasaules atzinības 2009. gadā ar filmu „Graustu Miljonārs”. Lai izzinātu bakalaura darba galveno mērķi lasītājam būs iespēja arī iepazīties ar Indijas kino industrijas vēsturi, tās struktūru, stratēģijām. Bakalaura darbs parādā kā filmu industrija reaģēja uz dažādiem notikumiem valsts dzīvē laika gaitā. Bakalaura darbs ir veidots tā, lai ...

  8. Theory versus data: how to calculate R0?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Romulus Breban

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available To predict the potential severity of outbreaks of infectious diseases such as SARS, HIV, TB and smallpox, a summary parameter, the basic reproduction number R(0, is generally calculated from a population-level model. R(0 specifies the average number of secondary infections caused by one infected individual during his/her entire infectious period at the start of an outbreak. R(0 is used to assess the severity of the outbreak, as well as the strength of the medical and/or behavioral interventions necessary for control. Conventionally, it is assumed that if R(0>1 the outbreak generates an epidemic, and if R(0<1 the outbreak becomes extinct. Here, we use computational and analytical methods to calculate the average number of secondary infections and to show that it does not necessarily represent an epidemic threshold parameter (as it has been generally assumed. Previously we have constructed a new type of individual-level model (ILM and linked it with a population-level model. Our ILM generates the same temporal incidence and prevalence patterns as the population-level model; we use our ILM to directly calculate the average number of secondary infections (i.e., R(0. Surprisingly, we find that this value of R(0 calculated from the ILM is very different from the epidemic threshold calculated from the population-level model. This occurs because many different individual-level processes can generate the same incidence and prevalence patterns. We show that obtaining R(0 from empirical contact tracing data collected by epidemiologists and using this R(0 as a threshold parameter for a population-level model could produce extremely misleading estimates of the infectiousness of the pathogen, the severity of an outbreak, and the strength of the medical and/or behavioral interventions necessary for control.

  9. Visual outcomes of macular hole surgery

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Khaqan, H.A.; Muhammad, F.J.

    2016-01-01

    To determine the mean visual improvement after internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling assisted with brilliant blue staining of ILM in macular hole, and stratify the mean visual improvement in different stages of macular hole. Study Design: Quasi-experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Eye outpatient department (OPD), Lahore General Hospital, Lahore from October 2013 to December 2014. Methodology: Patients with macular hole underwent measurement of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and fundus examination with indirect slit lamp biomicroscopy before surgery. The diagnosis of all patients was confirmed on optical coherence tomography. All patients had 23G trans-conjunctival three ports pars plana vitrectomy, ILM peeling, and endotamponade of SF6. The mean visual improvement of different stages of macular hole was noted. Paired t-test was applied. Results: There were 30 patients, 15 males and 15 females (50%). The mean age was 62 ± 10.95 years. They presented with low mean preoperative visual acuity (VA) of 0.96 ± 0.11 logMar. The mean postoperative VA was 0.63 ± 0.24 logMar. The mean visual increase was 0.33 0.22 logMar (p < 0.001). In patients with stage 2 macular hole, mean visual increase was 0.35 ± 0.20 logMar (p < 0.001). In patients with stage 3 macular hole, mean visual increase was 0.44 ± 0.21 logMar (p < 0.001), and in patients with stage 4 macular hole it was 0.13 ± 0.1 logMar (p = 0.004). Conclusion: ILM peeling assisted with brilliant blue is a promising surgery for those patients who have decreased vision due to macular hole, in 2 - 4 stages of macular hole. (author)

  10. Indocyanine green-assisted internal limiting membrane peeling in macular hole surgery: a meta-analysis.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yan Wu

    Full Text Available BACKGROUND: The opinion of application of indocyanine green (ICG in the macular hole surgery was contradictory. Here we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of in internal limiting membrane (ILM peeling for macular hole surgery. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We searched electronic databases for comparative studies published before July 2012 of ILM peeling with and without ICG. Twenty-two studies including 1585 eyes were included. Visual acuity (VA improvement, including the postoperative rate of ≥20/40 VA gained (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.43 to 0.97; P = 0.033 and increased LogMAR (WMD, -0.09; 95% CI, -0.16 to -0.02; P = 0.011, was less in the ICG group. The risk of visual field defects was greater in the ICG group than in the non-ICG group. There was no significant difference in the rate of anatomical outcomes between ILM peeling procedures performed with and without ICG. RPE changes and other postoperative complications were not significantly different between the ICG and non-ICG groups. An additional analysis showed that the VA improvement of the ICG group was less than the non-ICG group only within the first year of follow up. A subgroup analysis showed that the rate of VA improvement was lower in the ICG group than in other adjuncts group. A higher rate of secondary closure and less VA improvement were observed in a high proportion (>0.1% of the ICG group. A sensitivity analysis after the randomized-controlled trials were excluded from the meta-analysis demonstrated no differences compared with the overall results. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis demonstrated that there is no evidence of clinical superiority in outcomes for ICG-assisted ILM peeling procedure over the non-ICG one. The toxicity of ICG should be considered when choosing the various staining methods.

  11. The role of internal limiting membrane peeling in epiretinal membrane surgery: a randomised controlled trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tranos, Paris; Koukoula, Stavrenia; Charteris, Davic G; Perganda, Georgia; Vakalis, Athanasios; Asteriadis, Solon; Georgalas, Ilias; Petrou, Petros

    2017-06-01

    To compare the anatomical and functional outcomes after primary idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) peeling with or without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. A two-centre randomised, controlled clinical trial with 12 months of follow-up. One hundred and two eyes of 102 patients were included in the analysis and were randomised into two groups (ILM peeling (P) and non-ILM peeling (NP) group). Inclusion criteria were: Idiopathic ERM confirmed on optical coherence tomography, age ≥18 years, binocular distortion, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) ≤90 ETDRS letters, intraocular pressure ≤23 mm Hg and informed consent. The primary outcome measure was the mean change in the ETDRS distance BCVA at 12 months' follow-up for each group. The mean change in distance BCVA at 12 months was 0.30±0.24 logMAR (15 ETDRS letters) in the P group and 0.31±0.23 logMAR (14 ETDRS letters) in the NP group, a change that was not statistically significant (p=0.84). No statistically significant differences were observed when comparing the changes in distance BCVA, the changes in metamorphopsia (Amsler grid) and the changes in central retinal thickness between the two groups at any of the time points studied. Our analysis suggests that ILM peeling in idiopathic ERM surgery does not result in better visual improvement. The more frequent presence of an uninterrupted interdigitation zone in the P group did not result in a better functional outcome of our patients. No recurrent ERMs were noted in either group. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

  12. Kodakondsus - kas integratsiooni eeldus või tulemus? / Klara Hallik

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Hallik, Klara

    2000-01-01

    Eestlaste ja mitteeestlaste ootused kodakondsuspoliitika suhtes on jätkuvalt vastandlikud. Ilm. ka: Integration of Estonian Society : monitoring 2000.- Tallinn, 2000 ; Integratsija Estonskogo obshtshestva : monitoring 2000.- Tallinn, 2000

  13. Kalevipoeg - ein Interview mit Prof. Dr. Peter Petersen / Peter Petersen ; interv. Laine Paavo

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Petersen, Peter

    2005-01-01

    Kalevipoja uuest saksakeelsest väljaandest: Kalevipoeg : das estnische Nationalepos / in der Übersetzung von Ferdinand Löwe ; herausgegeben von Peter Petersen Ilm. andmed Stuttgart ; Berlin : Mayer, 2004.

  14. Cilvēka attēlojums nacionālsociālisma laikā: vācu cilvēka tēls plakātos

    OpenAIRE

    Ziemele, Agnese

    2010-01-01

    Bakalaura darbā „Cilvēka attēlojums nacionālsociālisma laikā: vācu cilvēka tēls plakātos” tiek noskaidrota sievietes, vīrieša un jaunieša loma sabiedrībā. No 1933. līdz 1945. gadam Vācijā pastāvošā nacionālsociālistiskās ideoloăija ietekmēja propagandas saturu, kā arī noteica sabiedrības locekĜu domāšanas veidu un uzskatus. Darba gaitā tiek aplūkotas tā laika Vācijā valdošās politiskās idejas, mediju un propagandas, kā arī Trešā reiha valodas īpatnības. Darba galvenais pētījumu...

  15. Japānas un Amerikas Savienoto Valstu kauja par Okinavu 1945. gada: 1.aprīlis – 22. jūnijs

    OpenAIRE

    Leimanis, Normunds

    2017-01-01

    Bakalaura darba tēmas nosaukums ir „Japānas un Amerikas Savienoto Valstu kauja par Okinavu 1945. gada: 1. aprīlis – 22. jūnijs ”. Tā ir viena no lielākajām un asiņainākajām kaujām, kura notika Otrā Pasaules kara laika beigās. Tā bija viena no pēdējām kaujām Otrā Pasaules kara laikā. Kaujā par Okinavu piedalijās amerikāņu un japāņu karaspēki, kas cīnījās par savu valsti un tās godu. Galvenie Okinavas kaujas dalībnieki bija japāņu 32. armija un amerikāņu 10.armija. Galvenais atbildīgais par ...

  16. 3-4 gadīgu bērnu runas prasmju attīstīšana didaktiskajās spēlēs

    OpenAIRE

    Zavicka, Vita

    2017-01-01

    . Darba tēma – 3-4 gadīgu bērnu runas prasmju attīstīšana didaktiskajās spēlēs Kvalifikācijas darba autore – Vita Zavicka. Zinātniskā darba vadītāja – Aija Kalve. Teorijas darba daļā raksturota bērnu valodas prasmju attīstība pedagoģijas, psiholoģijas skatījumā, bērna runas attīstības pēctecības nodrošināšana. Raksturotas pirmskolas bērnu vārdu krājuma likumsakarības, vadoties pēc MK noteikumiem Nr. 533 par valsts pirmsskolas izglītības vadlīnijām, ka galvenais bērna darbības vei...

  17. Inimloetav ja masinloetav : mõistete analüüs / Priit Parmakson

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Parmakson, Priit

    2011-01-01

    Infoühiskonnas on iseloomulik struktuuristatud, masintöötlemisele orienteeritud teabe osakaalu kasv, mille ilming on ka Eesti avalikus sektoris mitmes valdkonnas käsil olev sellesuunaline IT töö

  18. Estonian literature and a brave new world : a postmodern turn? / Piret Viires

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Viires, Piret, 1963-

    2006-01-01

    Ilm. ka väljaandes: Different inputs - same output? : autonomy and dependence of the arts under different social-economic conditions / ed C. D. Hasselblatt - Maastricht : Shaker, 2006. (Studia Fenno-Ugrica Groningana ; 3)

  19. New York, rändurite linn / Kadri Kerge

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kerge, Kadri

    2016-01-01

    New York on linn, mille elanikkond ja ruum on pidevas muutumises. Ehitustegevuse tulemusena on uue ilme saanud kõik linnaosad. Aktuaalseim teema New Yorgi arhitektuuriringkondades ja ehituses on nn. ultrapilvelõhkujatega seonduv

  20. Plaat : Pop & Rock, Õlu, Crossover, Klassika

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    1999-01-01

    Uutest heliplaatidest. Eesti plaadid : Ivo Linna & Rock Hotel "Kõva ketas", Väikeste Lõõtspillide Ühing "See terve ilm on imelik", Kuldsed Lindid "Ootamatud sõnad", Laine Mustasaar "Naise elu ja armastus"

  1. Beyond digital labyrinth : rethinking literary history in the age of new media / Marin Laak

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Laak, Marin, 1964-

    2006-01-01

    Ilm. ka väljaandes: Different inputs - same output? : autonomy and dependence of the arts under different social-economic conditions / ed C. D. Hasselblatt - Maastricht : Shaker, 2006. (Studia Fenno-Ugrica Groningana ; 3)

  2. Clusters and holes: Exchange networks in hematite-ilmenite solid solutions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fabian, K.; McEnroe, S. A.; Robinson, P.

    2009-04-01

    Holes and clusters of exchange networks dominate the low-temperature, metastable phase diagram of the system (1 - x)Fe2O3 xF eTiO3 (Ilmx ). By our measurements we have probed and extended the phase diagram of Ishikawa et al. (1985) in the light of magnetic influences of the random exchange links, which originate either by replacing random pairs of Fe2+ and Ti4+ ions in the ordered ilmenite lattice by two Fe3+ions (ordered Ilmx phase), or by randomly replacing two Fe3+ ions in the hematite lattice by a pair of Fe2+ and Ti4+ ions (disordered Ilmx phase). Now a large dataset is available from these measurements, and we propose several new ideas to interpret the sometimes unexpected results. By refining a method of Ishikawa (1967), we analyze the PM' region of the phase diagram in terms of a mean field theory of interacting clusters. This allows to determine cluster sizes and interaction field distribution by inverting hysteresis measurements of Ilm92 and Ilm97. To understand the relation between ordered and disordered phases we design a mean field theory to determine Neel and Curie temperatures of both. An especially interesting finding is that the experimentally observed intersection of PM-PM' crossover with the AF phase boundary close to Ilm97 can be explained by analyzing average exchange interaction strengths.

  3. Solving a Novel Inventory Location Model with Stochastic Constraints and (R,s,S Inventory Control Policy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Guillermo Cabrera

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available We solve a novel inventory-location model with a stochastic capacity constraint based on a periodic inventory control (ILM-PR policy. The ILM-PR policy implies several changes with regard to other previous models proposed in the literature, which consider continuous review as their inventory policy. One of these changes is the inclusion of the undershoot concept, which has not been considered in previous ILM models in the literature. Based on our model, we are able to design a distribution network for a two-level supply chain, addressing both warehouse location and customer assignment decisions, whilst taking into consideration several aspects of inventory planning, in particular, evaluating the impact of the inventory control review period on the network configuration and system costs. Because the model is a very hard-to solve combinatorial nonlinear optimisation problem, we implemented two heuristics to solve it, namely, Tabu Search and Particle Swarm Optimisation. These approaches were tested over small instances in which they were able to find the optimal solution in just a few seconds. Because the model is a new one, a set of medium-size instances is provided that can be useful as a benchmark in future research. The heuristics showed a good convergence rate when applied to those instances. The results confirm that decision making over the inventory control policy has effects on the distribution network design.

  4. Arno Rafael Cederberg ja Eesti ajalooteadus / Hans Kruus

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kruus, Hans, 1891-1976

    2005-01-01

    Soome ajalooprofessorist Arno Rafael Cederbergist (1885-1948). Tartu Ülikoolis töötades oli tema peamine õppe-ja uurimisaine Eesti ja Põhjamaade ajalugu. Ilm.: Eesti Kirjandus, 1935, nr. 6., lk. 254-255

  5. Not all are lost: interrupted laboratory monitoring, early death, and loss to follow-up (LTFU in a large South African treatment program.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aima A Ahonkhai

    Full Text Available Many HIV treatment programs in resource-limited settings are plagued by high rates of loss to follow-up (LTFU. Most studies have not distinguished between those who briefly interrupt, but return to care, and those more chronically lost to follow-up.We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 11,397 adults initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART in 71 Southern African Catholic Bishops Conference/Catholic Relief Services HIV treatment clinics between January 2004 and December 2008. We distinguished among patients with early death, within the first 7 months on ART; patients with interruptions in laboratory monitoring (ILM, defined as missing visits in the first 7 months on ART, but returning to care by 12 months; and those LTFU, defined as missing all follow-up visits in the first 12 months on ART. We used multilevel logistic regression models to determine patient and clinic-level characteristics associated with these outcomes.In the first year on ART, 60% of patients remained in care, 30% missed laboratory visits, and 10% suffered early death. Of the 3,194 patients who missed laboratory visits, 40% had ILM, resuming care by 12 months. After 12 months on ART, patients with ILM had a 30% increase in detectable viremia compared to those who remained in care. Risk of LTFU decreased with increasing enrollment year, and was lowest for patients who enrolled in 2008 compared to 2004 [OR 0.49, 95%CI 0.39-0.62].In a large community-based cohort in South Africa, nearly 30% of patients miss follow-up visits for CD4 monitoring in the first year after starting ART. Of those, 40% have ILM but return to clinic with worse virologic outcomes than those who remain in care. The risk of chronic LTFU decreased with enrollment year. As ART availability increases, interruptions in care may become more common, and should be accounted for in addressing program LTFU.

  6. Urozhainõi sezon / Aleksei Zhigulin

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Zhigulin, Aleksei

    2006-01-01

    Lohusuu talunik Ülo Karro, Eesti Põllumajandus-Kaubanduskoja spetsialist Kristi Varrik ja Jõgeva Sordiaretuse Instituudi ekspert Ilme Tiitus tänavusest viljasaagist, teravilja kokkuostust ning teraviljakasvatusest Eestis. Tabel: Teravilja kokkuostuhinna muutumisest Eestis (2002-2005)

  7. Maju lumes : uudisproosat EKK-lt / Ilmar Laaban

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Laaban, Ilmar, 1921-2000

    1997-01-01

    Varem ilm. Vaba Eesti, 1952, nr. 4.Rets rmt.: Talve, Ilmar. Maja lumes : [romaan]. Lund : Eesti Kirjanike Kooperatiiv, 1952 ; Gailit, August. Kas mäletad, mu arm? : [romaan novellides]. Lund : Eesti Kirjanike Kooperatiiv, 1951

  8. Kuidas kirjutatakse ajalugu? / Tzvetan Todorov ; interv. Marek Tamm

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Todorov, Tzvetan

    2007-01-01

    Bulgaaria päritolu prantsuse kirjandusuurija ja ideeajaloolase erialasest tegevusest ja loomingust. Varem ilm.: Tähendus, tõde ja dialoog : intervjuu Tzvetan Todoroviga // Todorov, Tzvetan. Ameerika vallutamine : teise probleem. - Tallinn, 2001. - Lk. 325-338

  9. Macular hole surgery: an analysis of risk factors for the anatomical and functional outcomes with a special emphasis on the experience of the surgeon

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jenisch TM

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available Teresa M Jenisch,1 Florian Zeman,2 Michael Koller,2 David A Märker,1 Horst Helbig,1 Wolfgang A Herrmann1,3 1Department of Ophthalmology, 2Centre for Clinical Studies, University Hospital Regensburg, 3Department of Ophthalmology, St John of God Hospital, Regensburg, Germany Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors for the anatomical and functional outcomes of macular hole (MH surgery with special emphasis on the experience of the surgeon. Methods: A total of 225 surgeries on idiopathic MHs (IMHs performed by 6 surgeons with a mean follow-up period of 20.5 months were reviewed in this retrospective study. Outcome parameters focused on IMH closure, complications and visual acuity improvement. The results of MH surgeries performed by experienced surgeons were compared to those of surgeons in training. Results: The average MH size was 381 µm (standard deviation [SD]=168. Brilliant blue G (BBG for internal limiting membrane (ILM staining was used in 109 (48% eyes and indocyanine green (ICG in 116 (52% eyes. As endotamponade, 20% SF6 was used in 38 (17% cases, 16% C2F6 in 33 (15% cases and 16% C3F8 in 154 (68% cases. IMH closure was achieved in 194 eyes (86%. Mean preoperative visual acuity was 0.84 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (log MAR; SD=0.29, range: 0.3–1.5; surgery led to a mean improvement of 0.40 (SD=0.37 log MAR. Although the MH closure rate was the same using BBG or ICG for ILM peeling, visual acuity improvement was better in eyes peeled with BBG compared to eyes peeled with ICG (log MAR: BBG: 0.38 [95% CI: 0.32, 0.44] vs ICG: 0.48 [95% CI: 0.42, 0.54], P=0.029. Surgeons with previous experience in vitreoretinal surgery of ≥6 years achieved better visual outcomes compared to surgeons with 0–3 years of experience, regardless of the MH size, preoperative visual acuity, time to follow-up or dye used for ILM peeling (0–3 years [0.27, ∆log MAR] vs ≥6 years [0.43, ∆log MAR], P=0.009. Conclusion

  10. Siim Nestor soovitab : Need on meie külalised / Siim Nestor

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Nestor, Siim, 1974-

    2004-01-01

    Popmuusikaüritustest Tallinna klubides: Privé's 1. apr.,"1ÖÖ%" Von Krahlis (ekstravaganza festivali Hea Uus Ilm raames) ja "Depeche Mode Party" Hollywoodis 4. apr., "Tramm ja Buss" BonBonis 7. aprillil

  11. Blogid Rapla maakonna rahvaraamatukogudes / Maie Jakobson

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Jakobson, Maie

    2009-01-01

    Rapla maakonna raamatukoguhoidjate arvamus ajaveebi pidamisest, eelnevatest koolitustest. Arvamust avaldavad: Helve Lehtmaa Laukna raamatukogust, Ilme Säde Käru ramatukogust, Tiina Vaher ja Maie Kalmiste Kehtna raamatukogust, Irma Robam Vahastu raamatukogust ning Mariina Madisson Lelle raamatukogust

  12. Geniaalsus ja hullumeelsus / Ly Ehin

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Seppel, Ly, 1943-

    2005-01-01

    Itaalia psühhiaatri ja kriminoloogi Cesare Lombroso raamatust "Geniaalsus ja hullumeelsus" (ilm. 1864), kus ta väidab, et pärilik hullumeelsus lööb geniaalsetel inimestel sagedamini välja kui kurjategijatel

  13. Biļešu tirdzniecības risinājuma zāles plāna modulis

    OpenAIRE

    Bušs, Jēkabs

    2015-01-01

    Biļešu tirdzniecības risinājuma zāles plāna modulis, ir daļa no biļešu tirdzniecības programmprodukta. Modulis sniedz iespēju iestādes klientiem ērti aplūkot zāles plānojumu, kā arī iestādes darbiniekiem izmantot to kā zāles plānojuma administrēšanas un tirdzniecības galveno rīku. Modulis sniedz iespēju apskatīt konkrētos datus par attiecīgām izrādēm, sniedz iespēju apskatīt un uzstādīt attiecīgo izrāžu bloķētās vietas, bet pats galvenais, modulis sniedz iespēju iestādes darbiniekiem ar g...

  14. FALSE CAMPAIGN DALAM IKLAN LAYANAN MASYARAKAT PASKA KENAIKAN HARGA BAHAN BAKAR MINYAK 1 OKTOBER 2005

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrian Dektisa Hagijanto

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available Due to public’s reaction initiated by the raised oil prices per October 1%2C 2006%2C the government launched several Public Service Advertisements featuring a religious figure%2C an education figure%2C and a former cabinet member. These advertisements%2C however%2C raised some critiques. Public Service Advertisement (PSA is a social discourse that can influence the public. In essence%2C PSA is objective and in general portray the reality in our community. Blunder in creating PSA’s will cause social reaction%2C false campaign%2C and even empty discourse that will actually make blunder for the advertisers. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Akibat reaksi masyarakat yang dipicu oleh kenaikan harga bahan bakar minyak per 1 Oktober 2006 maka pemerintah meluncurkan iklan layanan masyarakat yang memakai figur tokoh agama%2C pendidikan%2C dan mantan menteri. Namun iklan layanan masyarakat ini juga menuai kritik. Iklan Layanan Masyarakat (ILM adalah diskursus sosial yang dapat mempengaruhi khalayak masyarakat. Sejatinya ILM adalah objektif dan menggambarkan realitas masyarakat pada umumnya. Kecerobohan di dalam membuat ILM akan memancing reaksi sosial%2C kampanye salah (false campaign%2C dan bahkan empty discourse yang justru akan menjadi blunder bagi pengiklan. Public Service Advertisement post oil price increase of 1 October 2006%2C false campaign%2C subjective interpretation%2C communication using symbol as the signified.

  15. Insects (Diptera) associated with cadavers at the Institute of Legal Medicine in Pernambuco, Brazil: implications for forensic entomology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Oliveira, Tatiana Costa; Vasconcelos, Simao Dias

    2010-05-20

    Increasing rates of unsolved homicides in Brazil prompt the need for applied entomological data to be used as a complementary tool by criminal investigators. In that context, we analyzed the occurrence of forensically important insect species (Order Diptera) on 14 cadavers taken into the Institute of Legal Medicine (ILM), in Pernambuco, Brazil, according to the conditions of the body and the pattern of colonisation by insects. Simultaneously, we surveyed the diversity of insects in the surrounding environment using bait traps. Five species were present on cadavers: Chrysomya albiceps, Chrysomya megacephala and Cochliomyia macellaria (Calliphoridae), Oxysarcodexia riograndensis and Ravinia belforti (Sarcophagidae). A total of 4689 adult insects belonging to 24 species of seven dipteran families (Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae, Muscidae, Fanniidae, Phoridae, Anthomyiidae and Stratiomyidae) was collected at the ILM premises. C. albiceps was the most frequent species on the corpses and the most abundant in the traps. Species referred to as of forensic importance, such as Lucilia eximia, Chrysomya putoria, Oxysarcodexia modesta and Ophyra chalcogaster were collected on traps, but not on cadavers. There seems to be a limited colonisation of cadavers at the scene of the death, despite the ubiquity of necrophagous species in the area. The results contribute to differentiate between species that are involved in decomposition and those found in and around the mortuary installations of the ILM, thus providing potential clues about the locality of death and the post-mortem interval.

  16. Inemisest / Jakob Hurt

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Hurt, Jakob, 1839-1907

    2005-01-01

    Ilm.: Tarto Kalender 1868, lk. 21-37 ; Tarto Kalender 1869, lk. 21-32 ; Tarto Kalender 1870, lk. 21-34 ; Tarto Kalender 1873, lk. 41-48 ; J. Hurt. Inemisest. Tartu, 1868 ; J. Hurt. Inemisest. Faksiimiletrükk. Tallinn, 1990

  17. Narnia - imedemaa riidekapis / Mare Müürsepp

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Müürsepp, Mare

    2006-01-01

    Eestik. ilm.: Lewis, Clive Staples. Lõvi, nõid ja riidekapp ; Prints Caspian ; Imetegija õepoeg ; Hobune ja tema poiss : [jutustused lastele. Tallinn] : Logos, 1995-2000. (Narnia lood). Ka2005.a. USA-s Andrew Adamsoni lavastatud samanimelisest mängufilmist

  18. Karjas on ohutum elada / Toomas Paul

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Paul, Toomas, 1939-

    2003-01-01

    Vt. ka Paul, Toomas. "Löö esimesena, Freddy!". Eesti Päevaleht, 8. mai 2003. Inimesest kui karjaloomast, inimloomusest ja sallivusest. Ilm. ka: Paul, Toomas. Ole salliv, Bob // Pastishsh & popurrii : ilmavaatlusi / Paul, Toomas. - [Tallinn] : Oomen, 2007. - Lk. 54-58

  19. Clinical and histological findings after intravitreal injection of bevacizumsb (Avastin®) in a porcine model of choroidal neovascularisation

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Lassota, Nathan; Prause, Jan Ulrik; Scherfig, Erik

    2010-01-01

    leaking on FA, whereas only one of five bevacizumab-injected eyes exhibited leakage. On histological examination, all 11 eyes contained CNV membranes of similar size, regardless of treatment. The number of vascular endothelial cells was significantly reduced (p = 0.03) in CNV membranes from eyes that had...... was identified immunohistochemically in the inner limiting membrane (ILM) and to a lesser degree in the remaining retina. Strong staining was also detected in both retinal blood vessels and entire CNV membranes with no cellular predisposition. Vascular endothelial growth factor expression was found in the CNV...... membranes, in the ILM, in the ganglion cell layer, in Müller cells throughout the neuroretina and in retinal blood vessels. CONCLUSIONS: Bevacizumab significantly reduced the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells in CNV membranes and showed a strong trend towards a reduction of leakage from...

  20. Bagatellid : maailm / Mirjam Tally

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Tally, Mirjam, 1976-

    2008-01-01

    Bachi ja Mozarti uued ilmed. Hilary Hahnilt ja Mayuko Kamiolt uued plaadid. Lahkus tenor Giuseppe di Stefano. Henri Dutilleux pälvis Kuningliku Filharmooniaühingu kuldmedali. Inglismaa vanim spinett müügil. Guarneri hinnaline viiul helises taas

  1. Sekretär / Salvatore S. Nigro

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Nigro, Salvatore S.

    2000-01-01

    Hertsog Alfonso II d'Este sekretär Giovan Battista Nicolucci, hüüdnimega Pigna, 1561. a. Veneetsias ilm. sekretäriametnike õpperaamatust "Il Principe". Sekretäri ametinimetuse kujunemisest, töökohustustest ja ametist üldse

  2. Kuidas kirjutatakse ajalugu? / Jacques Le Goff ; interv. Marek Tamm

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Le Goff, Jacques

    2007-01-01

    Prantsuse ajaloolase ja ajakirja Annales ühe peatoimetaja J. Le Goff'i teostest. Varem. ilm.: Ajalugu, antropoloogia ja imaginaarsus : intervjuu Jaques Le Goffiga // Le Goff, Jacques. Raha või elu : majandus ja religioon keskajal. - Tallinn, 2001. - Lk. 108-126

  3. Relationships between bone mineral density and new indices of body composition in young, sedentary men and women

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anna Kęska

    2018-03-01

    The use of IFM and ILM in the present study, allowed the observation that in young adults lean body mass was associated with BMD, regardless of gender, while fat mass is significant for bone mineral density only in women

  4. Trükis : Kreutzwaldi pildiajakiri

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2003-01-01

    Rahvusraamatukogu esitleb täna F. R. Kreutzwaldi pildiajakirja "Ma-ilm ja mõnda mis seal sees leida on" (1848-1849) faksiimiletrükki; vt. sama ka Postimees, 5. veebr., lk. 27 ja Eesti Päevaleht, 7. veebr., lk. 22

  5. Adrian Virginius - Põhjasõja märter / Lauri Vahtre

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Vahtre, Lauri, 1960-

    2006-01-01

    27. juunil 1706. aastal hukkas Vene võim Tallinnas eestikeelse kirjasõna arendaja ja Otepää pastori Adrian Virginiuse (1663-1706). Ilm. ka: Vahtre, Lauri. Ajaloo pööripäevad. 2. - [Tallinn] : Tammerraamat, 2007. Lk. 121-125

  6. Kuidas kirjutatakse ajalugu? / Alain Corbin ; interv. Marek Tamm

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Corbin, Alain

    2007-01-01

    Pariis I Ülikooli emeriitprofessori A. Corbini teoste temaatikast ja uurimistöödest. Varem ilm.: Emotsioonid, tunded ja kired : intervjuu Alain Corbiniga // Corbin, Alain. Kannibalide küla : hirm ja raev 19. sajandi Prantsusmaal. - Tallinn, 2000. - Lk. 187-195

  7. Kuidas sai kirjanik Mart Raud endale kirjanik Albert Kivikase maja? : [Tallinn, Vaarika 3] / Stepan Karja

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Karja, Stepan

    1995-01-01

    Vastukaja : Raud, Valda; Raud, Anu. Vastuseks Stepan Karja artiklile 'Kuidas sai kirjanik Mart Raud endale kirjanik Albert Kivikase maja' // Postimees, 1995, 18.apr., lk.7 ; Rebane, Ilme. Alati on raske loobuda armsaks saanud elupaigast // Postimees, 1995, 25.mai, lk.6

  8. Ära pabista, Sam! / Toomas Paul

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Paul, Toomas, 1939-

    2003-01-01

    Inimese võimest leida lohutust täieliku lootusetuse olukorras ja võimetusest ette näha, milliste tulemusteni tema tegevus lõpuks viib. Ilm. ka: Paul, Toomas. Riskiveski krigin // Pastishsh & popurrii : ilmavaatlusi / Paul, Toomas. - [Tallinn] : Oomen, 2007. - Lk. 133-139

  9. Kuidas kirjutatakse ajalugu? / Natalie Zemon Davis ; interv. Marek Tamm

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Davis, Natalie Zemon

    2007-01-01

    Ülevaade Princentoni Ülikooli emeriitprofessori ja Ameerika Ajalooühingu endise presidendi N. Z. Davis'e teostest. Varem ilm.: Ajalugu, filmikunst ja heidikud : intervjuu Natalie Zemon Davisega // Davis, Natalie Zemon. Martin Guerre'i tagasitulek. - Tallinn, 2002. - Lk. 162-177

  10. S-35: Aynı Yaş Kategorisinde Farklı Başarı Seviyesindeki Erkek Futbolcuların Lig Performanslarının Karşılaştırılması

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raziye Dut

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available GİRİŞ: Futbola erken yaşta başlamak, yeteneğin ortaya çıkarılması ve doğru geliştirilmesi zor ve uzun bir süreçtir. Bu süreçte hem yetenekli hem de iyi yönlendirilmiş olan futbolcular milli takım kamplarına davet edilmekte ve milli futbolcu olmanın ilk adımlarını da atmış olmaktadır.AMAÇ: U-14 yaş kategorisinde milli takım seçilme kampına davet edilmiş erkek futbolcuların diğer ülke genelinde akademi liglerinde futbol oynayan aynı kronolojik yaştaki davet edilmeyen akranlarından lig performans farklılıklarını göstermektir.GEREÇ-YÖNTEM: 2016-2017 sezonunda akademi liglerinde futbol oynayan U-14 2050 erkek futbolcudan milli takıma seçilme kampına davet edilen 213 futbolcunun ligin ilk yarı döneminde davet edilmeyen akranlarından futbola spesifik lig performans farklarını inceledik. Veriler n ve % veya ortanca ve Inter Quartile Rate (IQR olarak özetlendi. Gruplar arası farklılıkların saptanmasında Mann-Whitney U testi kullanıldı.. P<0,05 istatistiksel anlamlı kabul edildi.BULGULAR: Yaş çeyrekleri sırasıyla 122 (%57,3, 49 (523, 30 (%14,1 ve 12(%5,6 idi. 2016-2017 sezonunda şubat ayına kadar oynadıkları maç sayıları 12 (IQR: 5-12, dakika 681 (245-1183,2, sarı kart sayısı 0 (0-1, gol sayıları 0 (0-2 olduğu görüldü. Milli takıma seçilme kampına davet edilen futbolcuların edilmeyenlere göre daha fazla maç ve oyun dakikası oynadığı (p<0,001, daha fazla gol attığı (p<0,001 ve daha az sarı kart aldığı (p<0,001 saptandı. Lig maçlarında milli takıma seçilme kampına davet edilen futbolcuların 5 kişiden biri 1 gol atarken davet edilmeyenlerden 10 kişiden biri 1 gol attığı, davet edilenlerin oynadıkları maçlarda 2,77 maçta bir gol atılırken, davet edilmeyenlerin oynadıkları her 8,78 maçtan birinde bir gol atıldığı görüldü. Kampa davet edilmeyen sporcular oynadıkları her 581,28 dakikada bir gol atılırken, davet edilenlerde 218

  11. Outcomes of microincision vitrectomy surgery with internal limiting membrane peeling for macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sato S

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Shimpei Sato,1 Maiko Inoue,2 Shin Yamane,2 Akira Arakawa,2 Mikiro Mori,1 Kazuaki Kadonosono2 1Department of Opthalmology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan Purpose: To evaluate the anatomic and functional effect of microincision vitrectomy surgery (MIVS with internal limiting membrane (ILM peeling for macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO.Methods: The medical records of 101 eyes of 101 patients who had undergone MIVS with ILM peeling for macular edema secondary to BRVO were studied. Patients were classified into ischemic and non-ischemic BRVO based on angiograph. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA and central foveal thickness (CFT, determined by spectral domain optical coherence tomography, were evaluated at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.Results: Preoperative mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR BCVA ± standard deviation (SD was 0.52±0.43 and mean CFT ± SD was 489.4±224.9 µm. Postoperative mean BCVA ± SD values were 0.41±0.35, 0.35±0.41, 0.29±0.36, and 0.25±0.41, and mean CFT values were 370.1±148.9, 327.5±157.5, 310.9±154.9, and 274.4±135.3 µm at 1, 3, 6, 12 months, respectively. The mean BCVA was significantly improved at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively (all P<0.05, and the mean CFT was significantly decreased at all postoperative follow-up time points (all P<0.05. At the 12-month postoperative evaluation, BCVA had improved by 0.2 logMAR units in 50 eyes (60.0% with ischemic BRVO and in nine eyes (50.0% with non-ischemic BRVO. Six eyes (6.0% experienced recurrence or persistence of macular edema at 12 months postoperatively.Conclusion: MIVS with ILM peeling for macular edema secondary to BRVO is effective in improving visual acuity and foveal morphology with low recurrence of macular edema. Keywords: MIVS, ILM, BRVO, central foveal thickness, CFT

  12. Tshelovek na katsheljah vremeni : zametki s VIII kinofestivalja "Tjomnõje notshi" / Boris Tuch

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Tuch, Boris, 1946-

    2004-01-01

    Pimedate Ööde Filmifestivalil nähtud filmidest. Pikemalt Simon Staho filmist "Päev ja öö", Jan Hrebejk' filmist "Üles-alla", Jerzy Stuhl'i filmist "Homne ilm", Guka Omarova "Skiso", Dmitri Meshijevi "Omad" ja Boris Hlebnikovi, Aleksei Popogrebski "Koktebel"

  13. Diivanil hüppamine lubatud! / Aino Ingrid Sepp

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Sepp, Aino Ingrid

    2008-01-01

    Viietoaline stiilne ja lapsesõbralik korter Tallinna vanalinnas. Sisearhitekt Stina Marttinen, tema kommentaarid. Sisekujundus valmis 2008. aastal. Korterile annavad uue ilme Designers Guildi tekstiilid. Köögimööbli valmistas tellimustööna Eesti firma. 17 värv. vaadet

  14. Animafilminduse algusotsast 1 / Jaak Lõhmus

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Lõhmus, Jaak

    2007-01-01

    Maailma esimestest animafilmidest : Albert Smith'i "The Humpty Dumty Circus" (USA, 1898), esimene joonisfilm "Naljakate nägude humoorikad ilmed" (Humorous Phases of Funny Faces") - looja Stuart Blackton (USA, 1906). Esimese joonisseriaali kangelase Fantosche'i lõi Prantsusmaal 1909.a. Emile Cohl

  15. The potential for integrated landscape management to fulfil Europe's commitments to the Sustainable Development Goals

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Mann, Carsten; Garcia-Martin, Maria; Raymond, Christopher M.; Shaw, Brian J.; Plieninger, Tobias

    2018-01-01

    The aim of this perspective essay is to discuss how integrated landscape management (ILM) can contribute to the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) agenda in Europe. Challenges for sustainable development become evident in the emergence of land-use conflicts. Facing multiple,

  16. Novel 'heavy' dyes for retinal membrane staining during macular surgery: multicenter clinical assessment

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Veckeneer, Marc; Mohr, Andreas; Alharthi, Essam; Azad, Rajvardhan; Bashshur, Ziad F.; Bertelli, Enrico; Bejjani, Riad A.; Bouassida, Brahim; Bourla, Dan; Crespo, Iñigo Corcóstegui; Fahed, Charbel; Fayyad, Faisal; Mura, Marco; Nawrocki, Jerzy; Rivett, Kelvin; Scharioth, Gabor B.; Shkvorchenko, Dmitry O.; Szurman, Peter; van Wijck, Hein; Wong, Ian Y.; Wong, David S. H.; Frank, Johannes; Oellerich, Silke; Bruinsma, Marieke; Melles, Gerrit R. J.

    2014-01-01

    Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of two novel heavy' dye solutions for staining the internal limiting membrane (ILM) and epiretinal membranes (ERMs), without the need for a prior fluid-air exchange, during macular surgery. Methods: In this prospective nonrandomized multicenter cohort study, the

  17. Shavian / Pent Nurmekund

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Nurmekund, Pent, 1906-1996

    1997-01-01

    G. B. Shaw' näidendi "Androkles ja lõvi" ilmus erilises foneetilises tähestikus, mille lõid Kingsley Read ja Peter MacCarthy, täites G. B. Shaw' testamendi ühte punkti. Varem ilm. ajal. Edasi, 1962, 18. dets.

  18. The intubating laryngeal mask produces less heart rate response to ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Pc

    We compared heart rate and blood pressure changes to intubation produced by conventional laryngoscopic-guided intubation to those produced by blind intubation through the intubating laryngeal mask (ILM) in normotensive adults with normal airways. Forty paralysed, anaesthetised adults undergoing elective surgery ...

  19. Karosi gadījumu oficiāla atzīšana Japānā un sabiedrības centieni to novēršanā

    OpenAIRE

    Baķe, Zane

    2009-01-01

    Bakalaura darbā tiek apskatīta jauna sociālā problēma mūsdienu Japānā – karŌsi (karŌshi, 過労死), kas tulkojumā nozīmē „nāve no pārstrādāšanās”. To izraisa liela fiziskā un psiholoģiskā slodze darbā. Šī problēma tika novērota Japānas kompānijās 20. gadsimta otrajā pusē un pastāv arī mūsdienās. Darba mērķis ir apskatīt iemeslus, kādēļ šāda problēma ir radusies Japānā un kā tā tiek risināta. Galvenais darba secinājums – karŌsi problēma ir neviennozīmīga un pastāv ekonomiski un sociāli iemesli, ...

  20. Ionic liquid-modified metal sulfides/graphene oxide nanocomposites for photoelectric conversion

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhang, Yu; Zhang, Yù; Pei, Qi; Feng, Ting; Mao, Hui; Zhang, Wei; Wu, Shuyao; Liu, Daliang; Wang, Hongyu; Song, Xi-Ming

    2015-01-01

    Graphical abstract: - Highlights: • Metal sulfide (CdS, ZnS, Ag 2 S)/GO nanocomposites were prepared by electrostatic adherence. • Ionic liquid was used to link the metal sulfide and GO in the electrostatic adherence process. • The as-prepared samples showed enhanced photocurrent and highly efficient photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation. - Abstract: Ionic liquid-modified metal sulfides/graphene oxide nanocomposites are prepared via a facile electrostatic adsorption. Ionic liquid (IL) is firstly used as surface modifier and structure-directing agent of metal sulfide (MS) crystallization process, obtaining ionic liquid modified-MS (IL-MS) nanoparticles with positive charges on surface. IL-MS/GO is obtained by electrostatic adherence between positively charged IL-MS and negatively charged graphene oxide (GO). The as-prepared sample shows enhanced photocurrent and highly efficient photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation, indicating IL-MS/GO nanocomposites greatly promoted the separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs

  1. Photoreceptor Outer Segment on Internal Limiting Membrane after Macular Hole Surgery: Implications for Pathogenesis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Grinton, Michael E; Sandinha, Maria T; Steel, David H W

    2015-01-01

    This report presents a case, which highlights key principles in the pathophysiology of macular holes. It has been hypothesized that anteroposterior (AP) and tangential vitreous traction on the fovea are the primary underlying factors causing macular holes [Nischal and Pearson; in Kanski and Bowling: Clinical Ophthalmology: A Systemic Approach, 2011, pp 629-631]. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) has subsequently corroborated this theory in part but shown that AP vitreofoveal traction is the more common scenario [Steel and Lotery: Eye 2013;27:1-21]. This study was conducted as a single case report. A 63-year old female presented to her optician with blurred and distorted vision in her left eye. OCT showed a macular hole with a minimum linear diameter of 370 µm, with persistent broad vitreofoveal attachment on both sides of the hole edges. The patient underwent combined left phacoemulsification and pars plana vitrectomy, internal limiting membrane (ILM) peel and gas injection. The ILM was examined by electron microscopy and showed the presence of a cone outer segment on the retinal side. Post-operative OCT at 11 weeks showed a closed hole with recovery of the foveal contour and good vision. Our case shows the presence of a photoreceptor outer segment on the retinal side of the ILM and reinforces the importance of tangential traction in the development of some macula holes. The case highlights the theory of transmission of inner retinal forces to the photoreceptors via Müller cells and how a full thickness macular hole defect can occur in the absence of AP vitreomacular traction.

  2. Visualizing Macular Structures During Membrane Peeling Surgery With an Intraoperative Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Device.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Leisser, Christoph; Hackl, Christoph; Hirnschall, Nino; Luft, Nikolaus; Döller, Birgit; Draschl, Petra; Rigal, Karl; Findl, Oliver

    2016-04-01

    The aim of this study was to examine the quality of intraoperative visualization of the posterior hyaloid, epiretinal membrane (ERM), inner limiting membrane (ILM), and hyporeflective subfoveal zone with a commercially available, microscope-integrated spectral-domain OCT setup (mi-SD-OCT) (Rescan 700; Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Germany). Twenty patients prospectively scheduled for pars plana vitrectomy with membrane peeling due to an idiopathic ERM were included. Standard 23-gauge, three-port pars plana vitrectomy with membrane peeling and staining of the ERM with a trypan blue-based chromovitrectomy dye was performed in all cases. Intraoperative SD-OCT was performed before and after peeling and visualization of the posterior hyaloid, ERM, ILM, and presence of subfoveal hyporeflective zones were examined. OCT follow-ups were performed 2 days and 3 months after surgery. The study was approved by the local ethics committee of the city of Vienna. Successful intraoperative visualization of ERM by mi-SD-OCT was possible in all cases. The posterior hyaloid and ILM could not be seen in the mi-SD-OCT scans, whereas an intraoperative subfoveal hyporeflective zone presented in 35% of cases. In 12.5% an independent subfoveal hyporeflective zone presented postoperatively. Visual acuity improved in 93.8% of patients after surgery. mi-SD-OCT appears to be a valuable tool for intraoperative visualization of the ERM and offers immediate visualization of retinal anatomy during peeling. Therefore, it adds to the understanding of intraoperative traumatic changes due to the peeling procedure. Copyright 2016, SLACK Incorporated.

  3. Ajalool on ajaloolaste nägu / Jean-Claude Schmitt ; interv. Marek Tamm

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Schmitt, Jean-Claude

    2004-01-01

    Intervjuu ajaloolase Jean-Claude Schmittiga. Ilm. ka: Keha, pilt ja unenägu : intervjuu Jean-Claude Scmittiga // Schmitt, Jean-Claude. Püha hurdakoer : Guinefort - lasteravija 13. sajandist. - Tallinn, 2000. - Lk. 296-305 ; Kuidas kirjutatakse ajalugu? // Tamm, Marek. Kuidas kirjutatakse ajalugu? - Tallinn, 2007. - 161-177

  4. Use of heavy Trypan blue in macular hole surgery

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Lesnik Oberstein, S. Y.; de Smet, M. D.

    2010-01-01

    Purpose Intraocular dyes facilitate the identification of the inner limiting membrane (ILM) during surgery. Appropriate dyes should be safe, provide adequate staining, and be easy to use. Heavy Trypan blue eliminates the need for an air-fluid exchange (AFX) and appears to have little retinal

  5. Euroopa aadel armastab ajalugu / Karin Hallas-Murula

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Hallas-Murula, Karin, 1957-

    2004-01-01

    Organisatsioonist Europa Nostra, mille nõukokku valiti 2003. a. Karin Hallas. Tänavuste Europa Nostra preemiate kätteandmisest Münchenis ja objektidest, mille hulgas oli Leedu endise historitsistliku valitsushoone renoveerimine Kaunases (nüüd ülikooli rektoraat). Uue ilme saanud Tallinna raekoja esitamisest kandidaadiks

  6. 78 FR 28622 - Notice of Public Meeting: Joint session of Northeast California Resource Advisory Council and...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-05-15

    ... welcome on the field tour. They must provide their own transportation, food and beverages. Individuals who... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management [LLCAN01000.L18200000.XZ0000; 13-00160-ILM... California Resource Advisory Council, and Individual Council Meetings AGENCY: Bureau of Land Management...

  7. Interactive Multimedia Learning: Innovating Classroom Education in a Malaysian University

    Science.gov (United States)

    Leow, Fui-Theng; Neo, Mai

    2014-01-01

    This research study was conducted at INTI International University, and aimed at enhancing the quality of classroom learning for University students with three important emphases: Gagne's instructional model, multimedia, and student-centred learning. An Interactive Learning Module (ILM) was developed as the core component in forming the…

  8. Tantsuime: märjaks nutetud Märt Agu saab 8000 uut sõpra / Märt Agu ; intervjueerinud Rein Sikk

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Agu, Märt, 1980-

    2011-01-01

    11. Noorte tantsupeo "Maa ja ilm" üldjuht ja Tallinna Tantsuakadeemia kunstiline juht Märt Agu Tallinna lauluväljakul toimuvast tantsupeost, ülevaatustest, eesti meeste rahvatantsust, oma isast Mait Agust, tema tantsust "Põhjamaa", tantsuõpetaja elukutsest, eesti tantsust, Tallinna Tantsuakadeemiast. Andmeid Märt Agu loomingu kohta

  9. Trace element partitioning between ilmenite, armalcolite and anhydrous silicate melt: Implications for the formation of lunar high-Ti mare basalts

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Kan Parker, M. van; Mason, P.R.D.; Westrenen, W. van

    2011-01-01

    We performed a series of experiments at high pressures and temperatures to determine the partitioning of a wide range of trace elements between ilmenite (Ilm), armalcolite (Arm) and anhydrous lunar silicate melt, to constrain geochemical models of the formation of titanium-rich melts in the Moon.

  10. An efficient simulation method of a cyclotron sector-focusing magnet using 2D Poisson code

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gad Elmowla, Khaled Mohamed M; Chai, Jong Seo, E-mail: jschai@skku.edu; Yeon, Yeong H; Kim, Sangbum; Ghergherehchi, Mitra

    2016-10-01

    In this paper we discuss design simulations of a spiral magnet using 2D Poisson code. The Independent Layers Method (ILM) is a new technique that was developed to enable the use of two-dimensional simulation code to calculate a non-symmetric 3-dimensional magnetic field. In ILM, the magnet pole is divided into successive independent layers, and the hill and valley shape around the azimuthal direction is implemented using a reference magnet. The normalization of the magnetic field in the reference magnet produces a profile that can be multiplied by the maximum magnetic field in the hill magnet, which is a dipole magnet made of the hills at the same radius. Both magnets are then calculated using the 2D Poisson SUPERFISH code. Then a fully three-dimensional magnetic field is produced using TOSCA for the original spiral magnet, and the comparison of the 2D and 3D results shows a good agreement between both.

  11. [Effect of internal limiting membrane peeling on morpho-functional state of the retina in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (preliminary report)].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bikbov, M M; Fayzrakhmanov, R R; Kalanov, M R

    2018-01-01

    To compare morpho-functional parameters of retina during vitrectomy with and without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The study included 55 patients (55 eyes) that had underwent vitreoretinal surgery in the setting of antivasoproliferative therapy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Patients of the 1 st group (n=27) underwent vitrectomy with silicone tamponade, 2 nd group (n=28) received similar treatment with the addition of ILM peeling. Three months after the treatment, all patients had silicone oil removed. Best Corrected Visual Acuity before treatment was 0.06±0.02 in both groups; after the treatment it improved to 0.1±0.05 (ppeeling during vitrectomy with following silicone oil tamponade eliminates the risk of ERM formation in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy in the follow-up period of up to 6-month and results in better morpho-functional parameters in comparison with patients who received similar treatment but without peeling.

  12. Tulekul...

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2008-01-01

    Märtsis toimuvatest muusikaüritustest: Tudengijazz 2008, "Matteuse Passioon" kontsertidest, muusikafestivalist Maa ja Ilm, muusikafestivalist Soul Spectrum, harfimängijast Florence Sitruk. Tanel Padari ja ansambli The Sun kontserttuurist. Jazzkaare piletitemüügist. 14. märtsil toimuvast rootsi ansambli Koop kontserdist, rootsi muusikute Mats & Morgan kontsertidest

  13. Lomonossovi "Iiobi valitud oodist" / Juri Lotman

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Lotman, Juri, 1922-1993

    2007-01-01

    17.-18. saj. Lääne-Euroopa ja Venemaa ideoloogilisest olukorrast M. Lomonossovi luuletuse "Iiobist valitud ood" alusel. Lisa: Lomonossov, Mihhail. Oda, võbrannaja iz Iovõ. Lk. 119-123. Varem ilm.: Lotman, J. M. Izbrannõje stati v treh tomah, t. II. - Tallinn, 1992. Lk. 29-39

  14. Optimal management of idiopathic macular holes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Madi, Haifa A; Masri, Ibrahim; Steel, David H

    2016-01-01

    This review evaluates the current surgical options for the management of idiopathic macular holes (IMHs), including vitrectomy, ocriplasmin (OCP), and expansile gas use, and discusses key background information to inform the choice of treatment. An evidence-based approach to selecting the best treatment option for the individual patient based on IMH characteristics and patient-specific factors is suggested. For holes without vitreomacular attachment (VMA), vitrectomy is the only option with three key surgical variables: whether to peel the inner limiting membrane (ILM), the type of tamponade agent to be used, and the requirement for postoperative face-down posturing. There is a general consensus that ILM peeling improves primary anatomical hole closure rate; however, in small holes (holes, but large (>400 µm) and chronic holes (>1-year history) are usually treated with long-acting gas and posturing. Several studies on posturing and gas choice were carried out in combination with ILM peeling, which may also influence the gas and posturing requirement. Combined phacovitrectomy appears to offer more rapid visual recovery without affecting the long-term outcomes of vitrectomy for IMH. OCP is licensed for use in patients with small- or medium-sized holes and VMA. A greater success rate in using OCP has been reported in smaller holes, but further predictive factors for its success are needed to refine its use. It is important to counsel patients realistically regarding the rates of success with intravitreal OCP and its potential complications. Expansile gas can be considered as a further option in small holes with VMA; however, larger studies are required to provide guidance on its use.

  15. Single night postoperative prone posturing in idiopathic macular hole surgery.

    LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

    2012-02-01

    Purpose. To evaluate the role of postoperative prone posturing for a single night in the outcome of trans pars plana vitrectomy (TPPV) with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peel and 20% perfluoroethane (C2F6) internal tamponade for idiopathic macular hole. Methods. This prospective trial enrolled 14 eyes in 14 consecutive patients with idiopathic macular hole. All eyes underwent TPPV with vision blue assisted ILM peeling with and without phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) for macular hole. Intraocular gas tamponade (20% C2F6) was used in all cases with postoperative face-down posturing overnight and without specific posturing afterwards. LogMAR visual acuity, appearance by slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and ocular coherence tomography (OCT) scans were compared preoperatively and postoperatively to assess outcome. Results. Among 14 eyes recruited, all eyes were phakic; 50% of patients underwent concurrent phacoemulsification with IOL. The macular holes were categorized preoperatively by OCT appearance, 4 (28.57%) were stage 2, 7 (50%) were stage 3, and 3 (21.43%) were stage 4. Mean macular hole size was 0.35 disk diameters. Symptoms of macular hole had been present for an average of 6.5 months. All holes (100%) were closed 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Mean visual acuity (logMAR) was improved to 0.61 at 3 months and was stable at 6 months after the surgery. None of the eyes had worse vision postoperatively. Conclusions. Vitrectomy with ILM peeling and 20% C2F6 gas with a brief postoperative 1 night prone posturing regimen is a reasonable approach to achieve anatomic closure in idiopathic macular hole. Concurrent cataract extraction did not alter outcomes and was not associated with any additional complications.

  16. Viru tunnel saab uue ilme urbanistliku grafiti abil / Ilmar Kahro

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kahro, Ilmar

    2011-01-01

    MTÜ Linnalabor koostöös Tallinn 2011 SA-ga viis läbi Tallinnas Gonsiori ja Laikmaa tänava ristmiku all paikneva Viru tunneli kujunduskonkursi "Viru tunnel kunstigaleriiks". EKA skulptuuri eriala tudengi Eldar Jakubovi võidutööst "Avame linna"

  17. Moodsad ajad vanas majas : Raekoja 1975. aasta sisekujundus = Modern Times at an Old Building : 1975 Interior Design of Tallinn Town Hall / Kai Lobjakas

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Lobjakas, Kai, 1975-

    2004-01-01

    1973. a. Tallinna Raekojale uue sisekujunduslahenduse saamiseks korraldatud kutsutud konkursi võitis töö Annunciation, mille põhiautoriks oli Leila Pärtelpoeg, kaasautoriteks Aate-Heli Õun, Anu Raud, Ilme-Anu Neemre. Tööd jätkas Leila Pärtelpoeg koos Udo Umbergiga. Rippvaipade galerii autor Valve Ilveste

  18. Kuidas kirjutatakse ajalugu? / Jacques Revel ; interv. Marek Tamm

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Revel, Jacques

    2007-01-01

    Prantsuse ajaloolase ja ajakirja Annales ühe peatoimetaja J. Revel'i erialasest tegevusest ja teostest. Varem. ilm.: Sündmused, jutustus ja analüüsiskaalad : intervjuu Jacques Reveliga // Revel, Jacques, Farge, Arlette. Mässu loogika : lasteröövlite afäär Pariisis 1750. - Tallinn, 2005. - Lk. 109-123

  19. Pennimagasinist kopikaajakirjaks: viiekümne puugravüüri mitu elu 1832-1876 / Moonika Teemus

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Teemus, Moonika, 1979-

    2016-01-01

    Inglise pildiajakirja "The Penny Magazine" tekkelugu ja side Eesti lugejaskonnaga. Tartusse jõudnud pennimagasinide puugravüüride uus elu eestikeelse ajakirja "Ma-ilm ja mõnda, mis seal sees leida on" sisu ja kujunduse määramisel. Kirjastaja Heinrich Laakmanni hangitud puugravüüride juurde kirjutas tekstid Fr. R. Kreutzwald

  20. Increase in average foveal thickness after internal limiting membrane peeling

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kumagai K

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available Kazuyuki Kumagai,1 Mariko Furukawa,1 Tetsuyuki Suetsugu,1 Nobuchika Ogino2 1Department of Ophthalmology, Kami-iida Daiichi General Hospital, 2Department of Ophthalmology, Nishigaki Eye Clinic, Aichi, Japan Purpose: To report the findings in three cases in which the average foveal thickness was increased after a thin epiretinal membrane (ERM was removed by vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM peeling.Methods: The foveal contour was normal preoperatively in all eyes. All cases underwent successful phacovitrectomy with ILM peeling for a thin ERM. The optical coherence tomography (OCT images were examined before and after the surgery. The changes in the average foveal (1 mm thickness and the foveal areas within 500 µm from the foveal center were measured. The postoperative changes in the inner and outer retinal areas determined from the cross-sectional OCT images were analyzed.Results: The average foveal thickness and the inner and outer foveal areas increased significantly after the surgery in each of the three cases. The percentage increase in the average foveal thickness relative to the baseline thickness was 26% in Case 1, 29% in Case 2, and 31% in Case 3. The percentage increase in the foveal inner retinal area was 71% in Case 1, 113% in Case 2, and 110% in Case 3, and the percentage increase in foveal outer retinal area was 8% in Case 1, 13% in Case 2, and 18% in Case 3.Conclusion: The increase in the average foveal thickness and the inner and outer foveal areas suggests that a centripetal movement of the inner and outer retinal layers toward the foveal center probably occurred due to the ILM peeling. Keywords: internal limiting membrane, optical coherence tomography, average foveal thickness, epiretinal membrane, vitrectomy

  1. "Vesi. Iha. Armastus"

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2005-01-01

    12. aktinäitus "Mees ja Naine" Pärnu Uue Kunsti Muuseumis 29. augustini. Väljapanekul on esindatud: Amandus Adamson, Boaz Tal, Edward Lucie-Smith, Ken Wardrop, Daniel de Chenu, Elina Brotherus, Mark Sadan, Konstantin Tabanakov, Ellen Kolk, Ilme ja Riho Kuld, Hille Palm, Elo Liiv, Hannes Starkopf, Jüri Tenson, Merike Estna, Raili Ilmsalu

  2. J. Poska 9 üürimaja uus tulemine / Mariette Aavik

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Aavik, Mariette

    2012-01-01

    1930. aastate teisel poolel ehitatud hoonest, mis taastati õigusjärgse pärija, maja ehitaja pojapoja Väino Vaheri poolt just üürimajana. Fassaadi reastaureerimisel taastati selle ajaloolilne ilme. Endise 12 korteri asemel jäi peale restaureerimist hoonesse 8 korterit. Sisearhitektuuris kasutati omaniku soovil võimalikult palju looduslähedasi viimistlusmaterjale

  3. Kuidas kirjutatakse ajalugu? / Roger Chartier ; interv. Marek Tamm

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Chartier, Roger

    2007-01-01

    Kirjanduslikest tekstidest sotsiaalajaloo uurimisallikana, juhuse ja paratamatuse vahekorrast ajaloos ja Prantsuse revolutsiooni käsitlusest Pariisi õppe- ja teaduskeskuse Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales professori R. Chartier'i teostes. Varem ilm.: Tekstid, praktikad ja lugejad : intervjuu Roger Chartier'ga // Chartier, Roger. Prantsuse revolutsiooni kultuurilised lätted. - Tallinn, 2002. - Lk. 274-290

  4. A Service Oriented Web Application for Learner Knowledge Representation, Management and Sharing Conforming to IMS LIP

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lazarinis, Fotis

    2014-01-01

    iLM is a Web based application for representation, management and sharing of IMS LIP conformant user profiles. The tool is developed using a service oriented architecture with emphasis on the easy data sharing. Data elicitation from user profiles is based on the utilization of XQuery scripts and sharing with other applications is achieved through…

  5. Interkulturālā lietišķā korespondence latviešu-vācu sarakstē

    OpenAIRE

    Spāģe, Ieva

    2007-01-01

    Tā kā vēstuļu sarakste ir viens no komunikācijas veidiem, tā ir aktuāla arī mūsdienās. Lai šī komunikācija būtu veiksmīga, ir jāievēro dažādi nosacījumi, jo lietišķā sarakste, kurā novērojamas kļūdas, var izraisīt pārpratumus starp sūtītāju un saņēmēju. Bakalaura darba „Interkulturālā lietišķā korespondence latviešu – vācu sarakstē” galvenais mērķis ir vācu – latviešu lietišķās sarakstes izpēte un izvērtēšana. Mērķa sasniegšanai tika izvirzīts uzdevums analizēt kļūdas vēstulēs no dažādie...

  6. Macular Hole Surgery with Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling Facilitated by Membrane-Blue® versus Membrane-Blue-Dual®: A Retrospective Comparative Study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Uri Soiberman

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Background. This study aims to compare the outcome of macular hole (MH surgery with internal limiting membrane (ILM peeling facilitated by two different vital dyes. Methods. This was a retrospective chart review. The group designated “group-MB” underwent pars plana vitrectomy with ILM peeling facilitated by Membrane-Blue (MB, whereas in “group-MBD,” the vital dye used was Membrane-Blue-Dual (MBD. Results. Seventy-four eyes comprised the study population: 53 in group-MB and 21 in group-MBD. There was no difference in the rate of macular hole closure in group-MB or group-MBD: 71.2% closed MHs compared to 66.7%, respectively (p=0.7. Postoperative visual improvement was of a higher magnitude in the MBD group compared to the MB group: −0.34±0.81 logMAR versus 0.01±0.06 logMAR, respectively (p=0.003. Conclusions. In this study, MBD led to better visual results that may be related to better staining characteristics or lesser toxicity compared to MB.

  7. IRMES 2006 – ISTRAŽIVANJE I RAZVOJ MAŠINSKIH ELEMENATA I SISTEMA – prikaz naučno-stručnog skupa

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vlado P. Đurković

    2007-04-01

    Full Text Available U organizaciji asocijacije za dizajn, elemente i konstrukcije, pod nazivom ADEKO 21. i 22. septembra na Mrakovici u Republici Srpskoj održano je međunarodno savetovanje IRMES 2006. Izvršni organizator bio je Mašinski fakultet iz Banje Luke, a pokrovitelj Ministarstvo nauke i tehnologije Republike Srpske. Pre održavanja samog skupa, kako je to već ustaljena praksa, štampan je zbornik radova na 428 stranica, čiji je redaktor dr Milosav Đurđević, docent na Mašinskom fakultetu Banja Luka, a predsednik Programskog odbora bio je dr Vojislav Miltenović, profesor na Mašinskom fakultetu u Nišu. U predgovoru zbornika konstatovano je da je u poslednjoj deceniji XX veka razvoj proizvodnog mašinstva bio usporen, a ponegde čak i zaustavljen. Ovakav tok razvoja posebno je prisutan u mašinogradnji i metalskoj industriji koje bitno utiču na intenzitet razvoja drugih privrednih grana, kao i obrazovanje stručnjaka svih profila u području proizvodnih tehnika i tehnologija. I pored takve situacije, u ovim privrednim granama ipak se obrazovanju kadrova i naučnoistraživačkom radu posvećuje dužna pažnja.

  8. VV. Vabaduse väljak ja demokraatia ruumid = Vabaduse väljak (Freedom Square) and Democratic Spaces / Kalle Komissarov

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Komissarov, Kalle, 1976-

    2007-01-01

    Tallinna Vabaduse väljaku planeeringu autorid: Andres Alver, Tiit Trummal, Veljo Kaasik. Projekteerija: Alver Trummal Arhitektid. Projekt 1999-2006. Makett: Peet Veimer. Vabaduse väljaku uut detailplaneeringut alustati 2000. a. lõpul ning väljak ja lähiala saavad detailplaneeringuga ette nähtud esindusväljakule kohase ilme 2009. a. suve lõpuks

  9. Jüri Uluots jõudis võõrsilt koju / Rein Hanson

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Hanson, Rein, 1948-

    2008-01-01

    Endise Eesti peaministri ja peaministri presidendi ametis Jüri Uluotsa ja tema abikaasa ning poja säilmed maeti 31. augustil 2008 Kirbla kalmistule. Ümbermatmise tseremoonial esines kõnega ka president Toomas Hendrik Ilves. Vt. samas foto: Koguduse juhatuse esimees vallavanem Anu-Lii Jürman tervitab Kirbla kiriku trepil Eesti Vabariigi presidenti Toomas Hendrik Ilvest

  10. Vaimse koostöö ülesandeid nüüdisajal / Peeter Tarvel

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Tarvel, Peeter

    2002-01-01

    Euroopa rahvaste ja riikide kultuurikoostööst ja kultuurisuhetest alates antiikajast kuni tänapäevani. Fribourgi ülikooli professori G. de Reynold'i ja hollandi kultuuriajaloolase J. Huizinga seisukohad vaimse koostöö osast kaasaegses ühiskonnas, Pariisis 1937. a. peetud vaimse koostöö konverentsil. Varem ilm.: Looming 1938, nr. 5, lk. 553-561

  11. "Et ..." : [luuletused] / Kalle Istvan Eller

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Eller, Kalle Istvan, pseud., 1940-

    2002-01-01

    Sisu: "Et ..." ; "päivämõõk lahkse päivä ..." ; "yy kirves lei mant ..." ; kuus om lõhmuse ..." ; "mägi om sattul ..." ; "obetsemägi ..." ; "härtmavitsake ..." ; "Taivast paistus veel ..." ; "soe' lätsi orgo pite ..." ; Pääsoke ; "ilm jääss ütsinda ...". Eluloolisi andmeid autori kohta lk. 366

  12. The impact of traditional sex practices on the construction of female ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    2005-06-15

    Jun 15, 2005 ... 7 OAU Doc CAB/LEG/67/3 rev 5 21 ILM 59 (1981). ... the disregard for the risks associated with a particular traditional practice or. (interrelated) .... The sex difference is arguably one of power.42 Patriarchal societies are funda- ..... individual to the group.66 This would, in fact, stand in direct opposition to the.

  13. Tunnustame tõenduspõhise õendusabi edendajaid / Ester Öpik, Ilme Aro

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Öpik, Ester

    2014-01-01

    Tunnustati meditsiiniõdesid Tiina Freimanni, Reet Urbanit, Marika Asbergi, Tiina Tõemetsa, Kersti Viitkarit ja Ireen Bruusi Eesti Õdede Liidu poolt 2011. aastani kaitstud õendusteaduslike uurimistööde eest

  14. Kuni 31. VIII on Pärnu uue kunsti muuseumis väljas XI rahvusvaheline aktinäitus "Mees ja naine"

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2004-01-01

    Mark Soosaare kureeritud näitusel osalevad kreeka kunstnikud Nikos Navridis, Michalis Manoussakis ja Nikos Markou, Tšehhi kunstirühmitus Kamera Skura, eesti kunstnikud Lembit Sarapuu, Jaan Toomik, Kaljo Põllu, Ilme ja Riho Kuld. Ateenas Frissirase muuseumis toimub Edward Lucie-Smithi kureeritud aktinäitus "Jumal muutub inimeseks", kus on väljas 11 teost Pärnu Uue Kunsti Muuseumist

  15. Me võime liigutada tooli / Kristina Pai

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Pai, Kristina, 1967-

    2014-01-01

    Põhja- ja Baltimaade raamatukoguhoidjate kohtumisest 2013. aasta septembris Helsingis jagasid muljeid Toila raamatukogu juhataja Lea Rand, Viljandi Linnaraamatukogu lugemissaalide juhataja Veronika Raudsepp-Linnupuu, Lääne Maakonna Keskraamatukogu direktor Ilme Sepp, Võrumaa Keskraamatukogu direktor Inga Kuljus, ERÜ esimees Katre Riisalu, Tallinna Keskraamatukogu direktor Kaie Holm, Tartu Linnaraamatukogu spetsialist Maia Tammjärv, Lääne-Virumaa Keskraamatukogu direktor Kaili Õunapuu-Seidelberg

  16. Displacement of foveal area toward optic disc after macular hole surgery with internal limiting membrane peeling.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kawano, K; Ito, Y; Kondo, M; Ishikawa, K; Kachi, S; Ueno, S; Iguchi, Y; Terasaki, H

    2013-07-01

    To determine whether there is a displacement of the fovea toward the optic disc after successful macular hole (MH) surgery with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. The medical records of 54 eyes of 53 patients that had undergone pars plana vitrectomy with ILM peeling and gas or air tamponade for an idiopathic MH were evaluated. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) had been performed before and >6 months after the surgery. The preoperative distances between the center of the MH and the optic disc (MH-OD), center of the MH and the bifurcation or crossing of retinal vessels (MH-RV) were measured in the OCT images. In addition, the postoperative distance between the center of the fovea and optic disc (F-OD) and the center of the fovea and the same bifurcation or crossing of retinal vessels (F-RV) were measured in the OCT images. The F-OD was 2.67±0.33 disc diameters (DD), which was significantly shorter than that of the MH-OD of 2.77±0.33 DD (Pdisplacement of the center of the macula toward the optic disc.

  17. Chiral phase transition and Anderson localization in the instanton liquid model for QCD

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Garcia-Garcia, Antonio M.; Osborn, James C.

    2006-01-01

    We study the spectrum and eigenmodes of the QCD Dirac operator in a gauge background given by an instanton liquid model (ILM) at temperatures around the chiral phase transition. Generically we find the Dirac eigenvectors become more localized as the temperature is increased. At the chiral phase transition, both the low lying eigenmodes and the spectrum of the QCD Dirac operator undergo a transition to localization similar to the one observed in a disordered conductor. This suggests that Anderson localization is the fundamental mechanism driving the chiral phase transition. We also find an additional temperature dependent mobility edge (separating delocalized from localized eigenstates) in the bulk of the spectrum which moves toward lower eigenvalues as the temperature is increased. In both regions, the origin and the bulk, the transition to localization exhibits features of a 3D Anderson transition including multifractal eigenstates and spectral properties that are well described by critical statistics. Similar results are obtained in both the quenched and the unquenched case though the critical temperature in the unquenched case is lower. Finally we argue that our findings are not in principle restricted to the ILM approximation and may also be found in lattice simulations

  18. Inner retinal thinning after Brilliant Blue G-assisted internal limiting membrane peeling for vitreoretinal interface disorders.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ambiya, Vikas; Goud, Abhilash; Khodani, Mitali; Chhablani, Jay

    2017-04-01

    The aim of this study was to evaluate ganglion cell layer and nerve fiber layer thickness after Brilliant Blue G (BBG)-assisted internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for vitreomacular disorders. Retrospective analysis of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) of 42 eyes of 42 patients, who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with BBG-assisted ILM peeling, was performed. Inclusion criteria were idiopathic macular hole, idiopathic vitreomacular traction, and idiopathic epiretinal membrane. Key exclusion criteria were vitreoretinal interface abnormalities secondary to any other diseases, follow-up period of less than 3 months, and any other associated retinal pathology. Average, minimum, and sectoral ganglion cell, and inner plexiform layers (GCIPL) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) parameters were collected. Changes in these parameters from baseline to 3- and 6-month visits after surgery were analyzed. At 3 months after surgery, we found a statistically significant reduction in the average GCIPL thickness (P = 0.031) and also in the superior sectors (P peeling for vitreomacular interface disorders leads to thinning of the inner retina including GCIPL and RNFL. These structural changes should be correlated with retinal function tests to explore the pros and cons of this surgical step.

  19. Examining U.S. Irregular Warfare Doctrine

    Science.gov (United States)

    2008-06-01

    Muslim leaders, this manual also provides inspiration to the Al-Qaeda undercover member. These are especially useful in convincing the young...A “Air Power: An Enduring Illusion,” The Economist (24 August 2006). Accessed via: http://www.economist.com/world/displaystory.cfm?story_id...USA AFIT/ILM/ENS/08-04 DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE AIR UNIVERSITY AIR FORCE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Wright-Patterson

  20. Uudised : Rubik 3001. Akordionipätid ja muu folk

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2005-01-01

    Koostöös Erkki Tero ja Tristan Priimäega annab artistinime Rubik 3001 kandev Janek Murd 10. märtsil välja esimese singli "Miru mir" mais-juunis ilmuvalt uuelt albumilt (kolme looga singel ilmub värskel Raadio Kosmos netileheküljel www.3pead.com). Aprillis ilmub ka kolme looga singel "My Mind Is Going". Üritusest sarjast MAAjaILM 11. märtsil Tartu Vanemuises

  1. Heitlik ilm süvendab luu- ja liigesevalu / Anneli Aasmäe

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Aasmäe, Anneli, 1973-

    2008-01-01

    Tartu Ülikooli Kliinikumi sisekliiniku reumatoloogia dotsendi Riina Kallikormi, Kuressaare erakliiniku Luukas reumatoloogi Reinhold Birkenfeldti ja Ida-Tallinna Keskhaigla reumatoloogi Tõnu Peetsi kinnitusel on kõik krooniliste reumaatiliste haigustega inimesed ilmatundlikud

  2. Pandangan al-Qur’an tentang Makna Jâhilîyah Perspektif Semantik

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luthviyah Romziana

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available This article will examine the meaning of the word in the Koran jâhilîyah mentioned as many as 24 verses in 17 letters with various forms of the semantic approach. This approach is an option given the existence of this word has been around since pre-islamic Arab past, as evidenced by the presence of all jâhilîyah lyric. In addition, the commentators also provide a diverse meaning to the word. Ibn Jarîr al-T{abarî that in fact as a classical commentators, stating that the meaning of the word refers jâhilîyah person who has committed a disgraceful act or any person who commits sin intentionally. While Sayyid Qutb see it as the opposite of ‘ilm and ma‘rifah. In view of Quraish Shihab is jâhilîyah is not only opposed to the word ‘ilm but also in the sense of losing control of himself, so that actors do things that are not fair, either at the instigation of appetite, temporary interests, or parochialism. Many differences of opinion about the meaning of the word jâhilîyah, interesting to study further with semantics as analysis approach

  3. Parameterizing Spatial Models of Infectious Disease Transmission that Incorporate Infection Time Uncertainty Using Sampling-Based Likelihood Approximations.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rajat Malik

    Full Text Available A class of discrete-time models of infectious disease spread, referred to as individual-level models (ILMs, are typically fitted in a Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC framework. These models quantify probabilistic outcomes regarding the risk of infection of susceptible individuals due to various susceptibility and transmissibility factors, including their spatial distance from infectious individuals. The infectious pressure from infected individuals exerted on susceptible individuals is intrinsic to these ILMs. Unfortunately, quantifying this infectious pressure for data sets containing many individuals can be computationally burdensome, leading to a time-consuming likelihood calculation and, thus, computationally prohibitive MCMC-based analysis. This problem worsens when using data augmentation to allow for uncertainty in infection times. In this paper, we develop sampling methods that can be used to calculate a fast, approximate likelihood when fitting such disease models. A simple random sampling approach is initially considered followed by various spatially-stratified schemes. We test and compare the performance of our methods with both simulated data and data from the 2001 foot-and-mouth disease (FMD epidemic in the U.K. Our results indicate that substantial computation savings can be obtained--albeit, of course, with some information loss--suggesting that such techniques may be of use in the analysis of very large epidemic data sets.

  4. AĞAÇ MALZEMEDE YANMAYI GECİKTİRİCİ VE SU İTİCİ KİMYASAL MADDELERİN EĞİLME DİRENCİNE ETKİLERİ

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hüseyin PEKER

    1999-01-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmada bor içerikli çeşitli kimyasal maddelerle emprenye edilmiş odunun statik eğilme direncinde meydana gelen değişimler incelenmiştir. Karşılaştırma için denemelerde polietilenglikol (PEG-400/P4, Amonyum sülfat (AS, Diamonyum fosfat (DAP ve organik çözücülü ticari bir emprenye maddesi olan Vacsol kullanılmıştır. Emprenye işlemlerinde tek işlemle bireysel kimyasal maddelerin kullanılması ve ikincil bir su itici madde (Water repellent = WR ile muamele edilerek hazırlanan deney planı uygulanmıştır. Deney sonuçlarına göre; asidik karakterdeki çözeltiler sarıçam eğilme direncinde azalmaya sebep olurken, kayında bazik çözeltiler daha olumlu sonuçlar vermiştir. Her iki türde de Polietilenglikol - 400 (P4 ve Borik asit + Borax (BA + BX sonrası uygulanan su itici madde uygulamalarında dikkate değer oranda direnç artışları sağlanamamıştır.

  5. GPFS HPSS Integration: Implementation Experience

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hazen, Damian; Hick, Jason

    2008-08-12

    In 2005 NERSC and IBM Global Services Federal began work to develop an integrated HSM solution using the GPFS file system and the HPSS hierarchical storage system. It was foreseen that this solution would play a key role in data management at NERSC, and fill a market niche for IBM. As with many large and complex software projects, there were a number of unforeseen difficulties encountered during implementation. As the effort progressed, it became apparent that DMAPI alone could not be used to tie two distributed, high performance systems together without serious impact on performance. This document discusses the evolution of the development effort, from one which attempted to synchronize the GPFS and HPSS name spaces relying solely on GPFS?s implementation of the DMAPI specification, to one with a more traditional HSM functionality that had no synchronized namespace in HPSS, and finally to an effort, still underway, which will provide traditional HSM functionality, but requires features from the GPFS Information Lifecycle Management (ILM) to fully achieve this goal in a way which is scalable and meets the needs of sites with aggressive performance requirements. The last approach makes concessions to portability by using file system features such as ILM and snapshotting in order to achieve a scalable design.

  6. Modeling two strains of disease via aggregate-level infectivity curves.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Romanescu, Razvan; Deardon, Rob

    2016-04-01

    Well formulated models of disease spread, and efficient methods to fit them to observed data, are powerful tools for aiding the surveillance and control of infectious diseases. Our project considers the problem of the simultaneous spread of two related strains of disease in a context where spatial location is the key driver of disease spread. We start our modeling work with the individual level models (ILMs) of disease transmission, and extend these models to accommodate the competing spread of the pathogens in a two-tier hierarchical population (whose levels we refer to as 'farm' and 'animal'). The postulated interference mechanism between the two strains is a period of cross-immunity following infection. We also present a framework for speeding up the computationally intensive process of fitting the ILM to data, typically done using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) in a Bayesian framework, by turning the inference into a two-stage process. First, we approximate the number of animals infected on a farm over time by infectivity curves. These curves are fit to data sampled from farms, using maximum likelihood estimation, then, conditional on the fitted curves, Bayesian MCMC inference proceeds for the remaining parameters. Finally, we use posterior predictive distributions of salient epidemic summary statistics, in order to assess the model fitted.

  7. Long-term outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy without internal limiting membrane peeling for optic disc pit maculopathy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Avci, R; Yilmaz, S; Inan, U U; Kaderli, B; Kurt, M; Yalcinbayir, O; Yildiz, M; Yucel, A

    2013-12-01

    To evaluate the results of surgical treatment of maculopathy secondary to congenital optic pit anomaly with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), endolaser to the temporal edge of the optic disc and C3F8 tamponade without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. Thirteen eyes of 12 patients with serous macular detachment and/or macular retinoschisis secondary to congenital optic disc pit (ODP) were included in the study. All eyes underwent PPV, posterior hyaloid removal, endolaser photocoagulation on the temporal margin of the optic disc and 12% C3F8 gas tamponade. Anatomic success and functional outcome determined retrospectively by optical coherence tomography and measurement of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), respectively were the main outcome parameters. Two lines or more improvement in BCVA was obtained in 11 eyes and 6 of these eyes had 20/40 or better BCVA at the final visit. Subretinal or intraretinal fluid was completely resorbed postoperatively in 12 eyes but a little intraretinal fluid persisted in one eye at the 16-month follow-up. Better visual improvement was observed in patients treated by earlier surgical intervention. PPV, C3F8 gas tamponade and endolaser to the optic disc margin without ILM peeling may yield favourable results in the treatment of ODP maculopathy.

  8. Recent development of ionic liquid membranes

    OpenAIRE

    Wang, Junfeng; Luo, Jianquan; Feng, Shicao; Li, Haoran; Wan, Yinhua; Zhang, Xiangping

    2016-01-01

    The interest in ionic liquids (IL) is motivated by its unique properties, such as negligible vapor pressure, thermal stability, wide electrochemical stability window, and tunability of properties. ILs have been highlighted as solvents for liquidâliquid extraction and liquid membrane separation. To further expand its application in separation field, the ionic liquid membranes (ILMs) and its separation technology have been proposed and developed rapidly. This paper is to give a comprehensive ov...

  9. NILES 94; International Conference Held in Cairo, Egypt on 26-30 March 1994

    Science.gov (United States)

    1994-03-30

    Conference, March 26-30, 1994 IL-M-12, Mon. 28,9:30 The Use of Laser in Oesophagogastric Carcinoma in the Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Cairo University...University. of dysphagia waqs obtained in all cases. Initial responce was relatd to the site and growth pattern of the tumour. Reobliteratoin rate was...gall stones. Endoscopy 18:95-96, 1986. 3. Nishioka NS et al., : Mechanism of laser induced framentation of urinary and biliary calculi laser life Sci

  10. Continuing Development of the Vulnerability Model

    Science.gov (United States)

    1977-02-01

    worker of member of the public may reasonably be exp ;ted to accept. Dangerous exposures are of 75 ILM concern to the industrial safety officer, but...asphyxiants," to distinguish them from substances such as carbon monoxide, which interferes with orygen transport in the blood (by monopolizing the hemoglobin...nervous system in mice which rises with increasing molecular weight. It can be neglected for methane, but the simple asphyxiant ap- proach must be

  11. Graafinen ohjeisto Tykkimäen sirkuskoululle

    OpenAIRE

    Koskelainen, Annika

    2011-01-01

    Opinnäytetyön aiheena on graafinen ohjeisto Tykkimäen sirkuskoululle. Työn tilaaja on Tykkimäen sirkuskoulun kannatusyhdistys Ry, joka tarjoaa lapsille ja nuorille mahdollisuuden harrastaa sirkustaiteita. Visuaalisen ilmeen suunnittelun tavoitteena on luoda mielenkiintoinen, yhteneväinen ja Tykkimäen sirkuskoulun henkeä kuvaava ilme. Graafisen ohjeiston on tarkoitus on toimia kattavana ohjeistuksena ja apuvälineenä graafisten materiaalien tuottamisessa. Ohjeisto kokoaa Tykkimäen sirkuskoulun ...

  12. Optimal management of idiopathic macular holes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Madi HA

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Haifa A Madi,1,* Ibrahim Masri,1,* David H Steel1,2 1Sunderland Eye Infirmary, Sunderland, 2Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle, UK *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: This review evaluates the current surgical options for the management of idiopathic macular holes (IMHs, including vitrectomy, ocriplasmin (OCP, and expansile gas use, and discusses key background information to inform the choice of treatment. An evidence-based approach to selecting the best treatment option for the individual patient based on IMH characteristics and patient-specific factors is suggested. For holes without vitreomacular attachment (VMA, vitrectomy is the only option with three key surgical variables: whether to peel the inner limiting membrane (ILM, the type of tamponade agent to be used, and the requirement for postoperative face-down posturing. There is a general consensus that ILM peeling improves primary anatomical hole closure rate; however, in small holes (<250 µm, it is uncertain whether peeling is always required. It has been increasingly recognized that long-acting gas and face-down positioning are not always necessary in patients with small- and medium-sized holes, but large (>400 µm and chronic holes (>1-year history are usually treated with long-acting gas and posturing. Several studies on posturing and gas choice were carried out in combination with ILM peeling, which may also influence the gas and posturing requirement. Combined phacovitrectomy appears to offer more rapid visual recovery without affecting the long-term outcomes of vitrectomy for IMH. OCP is licensed for use in patients with small- or medium-sized holes and VMA. A greater success rate in using OCP has been reported in smaller holes, but further predictive factors for its success are needed to refine its use. It is important to counsel patients realistically regarding the rates of success with

  13. B2B-uutiskirjeen visuaalisen ilmeen kehitys — Case Tamtron Solutions Oy

    OpenAIRE

    Salo, Sari

    2014-01-01

    Opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena oli kehittää Tamtron Solutions Oy:n uutiskirjeelle uusi visuaalinen ilme. Yrityksen lähettämästä uutiskirjeestä yritysasiakkaille puhutaan B2B-uutiskirjeenä. Tamtron Solutions Oy halusi B2B-uutiskirjeen avulla tehostaa markkinointia, kasvattaa myyntiä ja luoda uusia asiakassuhteita. Yritys halusi toteuttaa markkinointikampanjan B2B-uutiskirjeen muodossa rakennusalan yrityksille. Yritys valitsi kampanjan kohderyhmäksi rakennusalan yritykset, koska lakimuutos rakennu...

  14. Evaluation of the dual staining technique for complete removal of idiopathic epimacular membranes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ahmed M Abdel Hadi

    2015-01-01

    In conclusion, dual staining starting with TA effectively led to adequate visualization and removal of the posterior hyaloid as well as the fibrous component of the idiopathic EMM. The subsequent BBG administration in an air filled vitreous (the dry technique helped selective removal of the ILM with no deleterious effects on the functional or the anatomical outcomes of the procedure as demonstrated by the significant improvement in both the BCVA and the CMT 6 months after surgery.

  15. Mås Collective : design-kollektiivin identiteetti ja brändäys

    OpenAIRE

    Jansson, Joonas

    2014-01-01

    Tein opinnäytetyönä visuaalisen identiteetin perusteilla olevalle suomalaiselle muotoiluun, graafiseen suunnitteluun ja valokuvaukseen keskittyvälle design-kollektiiville nimeltä Mås Collective. Tavoitteenani oli luoda huomiota herättävä ja erottuva, mutta myös yhtenäinen ja tyylikäs ilme. Kokonaisuudessaan projektiin kuului visuaalisen identiteetin lisäksi kollektiivin konseptin, toimintaperiaatteiden, arvojen ja merkityksen määrittely. Näiden pohjalta lähdin luomaan visuaalista identit...

  16. En face OCT in Stargardt disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sodi, Andrea; Mucciolo, Dario Pasquale; Cipollini, Francesca; Murro, Vittoria; Caporossi, Orsola; Virgili, Gianni; Rizzo, Stanislao

    2016-09-01

    To evaluate the structural features of the macular region by enface OCT imaging in patients with clinical diagnosis of Stargardt disease, confirmed by the detection of ABCA4 mutations. Thirty-two STGD patients were included in the study for a total of 64 eyes. All patients received a comprehensive ophthalmological examination, color fundus photography, fundus auto-fluorescence imaging and OCT. Five OCT scans were considered: ILM and RPE scans (both automatically obtained from the instrument), above-RPE slab, photoreceptor slab and sub-RPE slab (these last three manually obtained). ILM scans showed evident radial folds on the retinal surface in 8/64 eyes (12.5 %). In 6 of the 7 patients, these vitreo-retinal interface abnormalities were unilateral. The photoreceptor slab showed some macular alterations ranging from dis-homogeneous, hypo-reflective abnormalities (7/64 eyes, 11 %) to a homogeneous, well-defined, roundish, hypo-reflective area (17/64 eyes, 27 %) in all the eyes. The sub-RPE slab showed a centrally evident, hyper-reflective abnormality in 58/64 eyes (90.6 %). Superimposing the sub-RPE slab over the images corresponding to the photoreceptor slab, the area of the photoreceptor atrophy sharply exceeded that of the RPE atrophy (44/46 eyes, 96 %). Enface OCT proved to be a clinically useful tool for the management of STGD patients, illustrating in vivo the structural abnormalities of the different retinal layers.

  17. Anatomical and Functional Results of Lamellar Macular Holes Surgery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Papadopoulou, D; Donati, G; Mangioris, G; Pournaras, C J

    2016-04-01

    To determine the long-term surgical findings and outcomes after vitrectomy for symptomatic lamellar macular holes. We studied 28 patients with lamellar macular holes and central visual loss or distortion. All interventions were standard 25 G vitrectomy with membranectomy of the internal limiting membrane (ILM), peeling and gas tamponade with SF6 20 %. Operations were performed by a single experienced surgeon within the last 3 years. Best corrected visual acuity and optical coherence tomography appearance were determined preoperatively and postoperatively. Following the surgical procedure, all macular holes were closed; however, in 3 eyes, significant foveal thinning was associated with changes in the retinal pigment epithelium changes. The mean best-corrected visual acuity improved postoperatively in the majority of the patients (n: 21, mean 0.3 logMAR), stabilised in 4 patients and decreased in 3 patients (mean 0.4 logMAR). Spectral Domain-Optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) showed resolution of the lamellar lesion and improved macular contour in all cases. We demonstrated improvement in postoperative vision and the anatomical reconstruction of the anatomical contour of the fovea in most eyes with symptomatic lamellar holes. These findings indicate that vitrectomy, membranectomy and ILM peeling with gas tamponade is a beneficial treatment of symptomatic lamellar macular holes. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

  18. International Environmental Law and Naval War Newport paper no. 15

    Science.gov (United States)

    2000-12-01

    the Licensing State (X.3). Writing in the beginning of the 1970s, Professor Szasz noted that the hesita- tion of the United States to ratify the...see too UNCC, Well Blowout Control Claim (1996), 36 ILM (1997), 1289 at para 85. 37. Szasz , in 85 ASIL Proceedings (1991), 219; Momtaz, 37 AFDI (1991...1991), 401–2; Szasz , in 85 ASIL Proceedings (1991), 216; Witteler, op. cit., 239. 140. If the opening of valves and the setting alight of oil wells is

  19. Sant / Jakob Tamm

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Tamm, Jakob

    2003-01-01

    Sisu: Sant ; Kepitükk ; Kask ; Kõrts ; Sulase mõte ; Surm ; Ahervars ; Orjakivi ; Odavad orjad : [Eesti rahva muinasjutt] ; Kaks püssipauku : [keskaja muinasjutt] ; Ulli allik ; Ussipealik : [muinasjutt] ; Ussi hari ; Varjatud varandus ; Hundi loomine : [rahvajutt] ; Röövli heategu ; Õnn ; Orjavaim ; Ema-armastus ; Isa õpetus ; Moksi Jõõva ; Puugi kinnipanek ; Õnnevalamine ; Suits Ebavere mäel ; Eksituses ; Sikk ; Kodukäija ; Kurja küüsis ; Rongatsi Mats ; Kõrtsi ees ; Rehetuli : [rahvanali] ; Ilm on suur : [rahvanali] ; Lüpsik

  20. Spontaneous Resolution of Optic Disc Pit Maculopathy

    OpenAIRE

    Tripathy, Koushik

    2017-01-01

    I read with interest the article reporting spontaneous resolution of optic disc pit maculopathy in a boy.1 Though the presence of an optic disc pit and associated macular involvement is undoubted in the presented case, the provided optical coherence tomography (OCT) does not clearly show typical intraretinal schisis (Figure 1B)1 at multiple retinal levels which may communicate with the pit. Instead, it shows a sub-internal limiting membrane (sub-ILM) cavity. Such cavities are known to occur f...

  1. Vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling for macular folds secondary to hypotony in myopes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nadal J

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available Jeroni Nadal,1–3 Elisa Carreras,2,3 Maria Isabel Canut,1–3 Rafael I Barraquer1–3 1Centro de Oftalmologia Barraquer, 2Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 3Instituto Barraquer, Barcelona, Spain Background: Hypotony maculopathy (HM changes may persist, and visual acuity remains poor, despite normalization of intraocular pressure (IOP. The aim of this study was to evaluate the visual and anatomical results of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV, internal limiting membrane (ILM peeling, and 20% SF6 gas tamponade in five myopic patients with HM.Methods: This retrospective interventional study was conducted at the Barraquer Center of Ophthalmology, a tertiary care center in Barcelona, Spain, and included five eyes from five consecutive patients (aged 55.4±13.1 years with HM caused by different conditions. All the patients were treated with 23-gauge PPV, ILM peeling, and 20% SF6 gas tamponade. Preoperative and postoperative evaluation was performed using anterior and posterior biomicroscopy and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA by logMAR charts.Results: Before surgery, median spherical equivalent was -13.1 (range -7, -19 diopters of myopia. Preoperatively, four cases presented IOP <6.5 mmHg for 3 (range 2–8 weeks. In three of these four cases, IOP >6.5 mmHg was achieved over 16 (range 16–28 weeks, without resolution of HM; increased IOP was not achieved in the remaining case treated 2 weeks after diagnosis of HM. One case presented IOP >6.5 mmHg with HM for 28 weeks before surgery. Preoperative BCVA was 0.7 (range 0.26–2.3 logMAR, and 0.6 (range 0.3–0.7 logMAR and 0.5 (range 0.2–1 logMAR, respectively, at 4 and 12 months after surgery. There was no statistically significant difference between preoperative and postoperative BCVA. Hyperpigmentation lines in the macular area were observed in three cases with hypotony. These lines progressed after surgery despite resolution of the retinal folds in the three cases, and BCVA decreased in parallel

  2. Short-Acting Gas Tamponade with Strict Face-Down Posturing for the Treatment of Idiopathic Macular Hole.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gotzaridis, Stratos; Liazos, Efstathios; Petrou, Petros; Georgalas, Ilias

    2017-01-01

    A retrospective consecutive case series to evaluate the safety and efficacy of 25 gauge pars plana vitrectomy, ILM peeling, 20% SF 6 gas tamponade and strict posturing for the treatment of idiopathic full-thickness macular holes. We report the results of 106 consecutive eyes that underwent standard 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy, brilliant peel-assisted internal limiting membrane peel, fluid:gas exchange with 20% SF 6 and strict posturing for one week. All patients were followed up at one week, one month, three months, and nine months postoperatively. Biomicroscopy at day 1 and biomicroscopy and OCT at week 1, months 1, 3, and 9 were used to assess macular hole status postoperatively. Pre- and postoperative logMAR visual acuity was compared. The macular hole was closed in 102/106 eyes postoperatively (96.2%). Four eyes showed unclosed macular holes and underwent additional SF 6 intravitreal injection and strict posturing for 10 days. All macular holes were eventually closed without the need of a second surgical procedure. Mean visual acuity improved from 0.63 logMAR preoperatively to 0.39 logMAR postoperatively. One case of retinal toxicity was reported due to accidental intravitreal injection of antibiotic. 25-gauge vitrectomy, ILM peel, and short-acting gas tamponade are highly effective for the treatment of macular holes. Additional intravitreal gas injection followed by strict posturing seems to be a simple and effective treatment for unclosed holes.

  3. Ultrastructural and histopathologic findings after pars plana vitrectomy with a new hypersonic vitrector system. Qualitative preliminary assessment.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Salvador Pastor-Idoate

    Full Text Available Preliminary assessment of a new prototype ultrasound-based hypersonic vitrector (HV by qualitatively examining the histopathological changes in the retina and vitreous body after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV and its ability to fragment vitreous collagen.Fourteen porcine cadaveric eyes, 20 eyes in live swine and six human cadaveric eyes underwent PPV using the HV or a pneumatic guillotine vitrector (GV. An additional 4 porcine crystalline lenses were touched with either the HV or GV for 1 minute. Following PPV, human vitreous was removed and processed for electron microscopy (EM. Eyes and lenses were fixed and sectioned for light microscopy (LM.There were no macroscopic retinal or optic nerve defects associated with either HV or GV PPVs. Cadaveric retinal specimens showed separation of the inner limiting membrane (ILM and vacuolization and fragmentation at the nerve fiber layer (NFL and the ganglion cell layer (GCL. ILM fragmentation and separation were found after PPV in live swine with both vitrectors. Small disruptions of the posterior capsule or structural lens defects were found after HV touch. The EM analysis revealed more fragmentation of human vitreous collagen fibrils after HV compared to GV PPV.LM and EM analysis of retina, vitreous, and crystalline lens after PPV showed similar morphological changes using the HV or the GV. Vitreous fragmentation appeared more effective with the HV. Overall this study suggests that the HV may be a promising new technology. More work is needed to quantitatively assess its safety and efficacy.

  4. Complex deformation in western Tibet revealed by anisotropic tomography

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Heng; Zhao, Junmeng; Zhao, Dapeng; Yu, Chunquan; Liu, Hongbing; Hu, Zhaoguo

    2016-10-01

    The mechanism and pattern of deformation beneath western Tibet are still an issue of debate. In this work we present 3-D P- and S-wave velocity tomography as well as P-wave radial and azimuthal anisotropy along the ANTILOPE-I profile and surrounding areas in western Tibet, which are determined by using a large number of P and S arrival-time data of local earthquakes and teleseismic events. Our results show that low-velocity (low-V) zones exist widely in the middle crust, whereas low-V zones are only visible in the lower crust beneath northwestern Tibet, indicating the existence of significant heterogeneities and complex flow there. In the upper mantle, a distinct low-V gap exists between the Indian and Asian plates. Considering the P- and S-wave tomography and P-wave azimuthal and radial anisotropy results, we interpret the gap to be caused mainly by shear heating. Depth-independent azimuthal anisotropy and high-velocity zones exist beneath the northern part of the study region, suggesting a vertically coherent deformation beneath the Tarim Basin. In contrast, tomographic and anisotropic features change with depth beneath the central and southern parts of the study region, which reflects depth-dependent (or decoupled) deformations there. At the northern edge of the Indian lithospheric mantle (ILM), P-wave azimuthal anisotropy shows a nearly east-west fast-velocity direction, suggesting that the ILM was re-built by mantle materials flowing to the north.

  5. Rhetoric in visual arabic poetry: from the Mamluk period to the digital age

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eman Younis

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-9288.2015v11n1p118 Rhetoric has been of great importance in philosophy, criticism and literature since Aristotle, through the Golden Age of Arabic studies and down to modern literary trends. Rhetoric is tightly bound with literary texts in all their manifestations and artistic, literary and analytic gradations. There are three aspects of rhetoric in every literary text of whatever type. One of these has to do with content, that is, with the author's ability to convince the receiver by alternately addressing his mind through logic and proofs and his heart by arousing in him feelings of desire and dread. This aspect of rhetoric is know in Arabic as ʿilm al-bayān (rhetoric in the strict sense. Another aspect concerns style, that is, a writer's ability to manipulate words and create novel linguistic modes through the use of metaphors, similes and other devices, which in Arabic is called ʿilm al-badīʿ ("the science of metaphors and good style". The third aspect concerns form, that is, the text's structure, its forms and icons. This is known as al-balāgha al-baṣriyya ("visual eloquence". Although there are various distinct types of balāgha ("eloquence, good style, rhetoric in the general sense", they all have one purpose, namely to affect the receiver in some way.

  6. Morphological features in eyes with endophthalmitis after cataract surgery – histopathology and optical coherence tomography assessment

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Solborg Bjerrum, Søren; Prause, Jan Ulrik; Fuchs, Helle Josefine

    2016-01-01

    limiting membrane (ILM) of the retina (14 eyes versus 3 eyes, p = 0.015) and a higher degree of retinal atrophy temporal to the fovea (13 eyes versus 1 eye, p = 0.013) compared to fellow eyes. The histopathological analyses showed the formation of epiretinal membranes, derangement of all retinal layers...... with a reduced number of nuclei in the nuclear layers, loss of photoreceptor outer segments and massive retinal gliosis. CONCLUSIONS: Optical coherence tomography scans of the retina and histopathology analyses provide insights in the pathological process occurring in PE....

  7. Muusika : Stephan Oliva kvartett Eestis. Yamaha stipendium Hando Nahkurile. Eespere neljas autoriplaat. Uus rahvamuusikafestival. Uus orel uude kirikusse! Valga klaveriansamblite festival. Rahvusooperi poistekoor kutsub / Marje Laugen

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Laugen, Marje

    2002-01-01

    Prantsuse dzhässpianist Stephan Oliva annab oma kvartetiga Eestis 6 kontserti. Yamaha konkursi stipendiumi võitis EMA I kursuse klaveri eriala üliõpilane Hando Nahkur. Rene Eespere neljanda autoriplaadi "Skulptuuri hommik" esitletakse EMA suures kammersaalis. 7.-9. märtsini saavad Tartus ja Tallinnas teoks muusikapäevad "MAA ja ILM". Kontserdisarjas "Orel kirikusse!" teeb järjekordse panuse Tallinna Metodisti kiriku oreli heaks Raekoja kammerkoor oma kontserdiga. 16. ja 17. veebr. Valga muusikakoolis toimunud VII rahvusvahelisest laste- ja noorte klaveriansamblite festivalist. Rahvusooperi poistekoor kutsub oma ridadesse uusi lauljaid

  8. Postoperative pain impairs subsequent performance on a spatial memory task via effects on N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in aged rats.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chi, Haidong; Kawano, Takashi; Tamura, Takahiko; Iwata, Hideki; Takahashi, Yasuhiro; Eguchi, Satoru; Yamazaki, Fumimoto; Kumagai, Naoko; Yokoyama, Masataka

    2013-12-18

    Pain may be associated with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD); however, this relationship remains under investigated. Therefore, we examined the impact of postoperative pain on cognitive functions in aged animals. Rats were allocated to the following groups: control (C), 1.2 % isoflurane for 2 hours alone (I), I with laparotomy (IL), IL with analgesia using local ropivacaine (IL+R), and IL with analgesia using systemic morphine (IL+M). Pain was assessed by rat grimace scale (RGS). Spatial memory was evaluated using a radial maze from postoperative days (POD) 3 to 14. NMDA receptor (NR) 2 subunits in hippocampus were measured by ELISA. Finally, effects of memantine, a low-affinity uncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, on postoperative cognitive performance were tested. Postoperative RGS was increased in Group IL, but not in other groups. The number of memory errors in Group I were comparable to that in Group C, whereas errors in Group IL were increased. Importantly, in Group IL+R and IL+M, cognitive impairment was not found. The memory errors were positively correlated with the levels of NMDA receptor 2 subunits in hippocampus. Prophylactic treatment with memantine could prevent the development of memory deficits observed in Group IL without an analgesic effect. Postoperative pain contributes to the development of memory deficits after anesthesia and surgery via up-regulation of hippocampal NMDA receptors. Our findings suggest that postoperative pain management may be important for the prevention of POCD in elderly patients. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  9. 12. VI avati Pärnu uue kunsti muuseumis...

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2005-01-01

    XII aktinäitus "Mees ja naine" alapealkirjaga "Vesi. Iha. Armastus". Väljas on Amandus Adamsoni 150. sünniaastapäeva puhul tema kaks teost. Konkursilt valis žürii Elo Liivi, Hannes Starkopfi, Ellen Kolgi, Ilme ja Riho Kulla kavandid, mille järgi skulptorid teevad sügiseks Carrara marmorist kujud. Vaadata on Hille Palmi ja Ellen Kolgi marmortööd, Raili Ilmsalu diplomitöö "Eva", Boaz Tali aktifotod, Mark Sadani Eeva-tõlgendused, Daniel de Chenu ja Elina Brotheruse videod, Ken Wardropi lühifilm "Undressing My Mother", Edward Lucie-Smithi fotod

  10. Annual Progress Report for July 1, 1980 through June 30, 1981,

    Science.gov (United States)

    1981-08-01

    etastable In~b x i n (ab 1x; -~1-xi an ( IaSb > G,19 , ilms,’ J. Vac.3oi. Tech 17 , 4 (15 ) 5.4 A. !I. ’iltoukhy, 3. 1. Natarajan, J. E. Greene -and T. L...Readable Data Bases and their Use," The Role of the Library in a Electronic Society - Proc. 16th Ann. Clini3 on Library Applications of Data Processing...is not the primary etching mechanisM for aAs although ion bombardment does play an important role in the overall orocess. Rather, etching occurs by the

  11. Milliseid erialaseid teadmisi ja oskusi olete kasutanud oma praeguses ametis? : vastavad infoteaduse eriala vilistlased / interv. Hela Ojasaar, Margot Mahlapuu

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2005-01-01

    Vastavad: EV Presidendi Kantselei direktori asetäitja, üldosakonna juhataja Riina Roomet, Mahtra Talurahvamuuseumi direktor Tiia-Helle Schmitte, EBS-i raamatukogu juhataja Eda Pihu, Euroopa Liidu asjade komisjoni nõunik (Riigikogu) Külli Kask, Kultuuriministeeriumi raamatukogunõunik Meeli Veskus, Võrumaa Keskraamatukogu direktor Inga Kuljus, Lääne Maakonna Keskraamatukogu direktor Ilme Sepp, Riigiarhiivi direktor Marge Tiidus, kirjastuse Pilgrim juht Tiina Ristimets, Tallinna Keskraamatukogu direktor Kaie Holm, Eesti ENIC/NARIC Keskuse infospetsialist Liia Tüür, Eesti Rahvusraamatukogu direktor Tiiu Valm, Tartu Ülikooli Raamatukogu teenindusdirektor Mare-Nelli Ilus, Viljandi Kultuuriakadeemia raamatukogunduse ja infoteaduste osakonna juhataja Ilmar Vaaro

  12. Complications of Macular Peeling

    Science.gov (United States)

    Asencio-Duran, Mónica; Manzano-Muñoz, Beatriz; Vallejo-García, José Luis; García-Martínez, Jesús

    2015-01-01

    Macular peeling refers to the surgical technique for the removal of preretinal tissue or the internal limiting membrane (ILM) in the macula for several retinal disorders, ranging from epiretinal membranes (primary or secondary to diabetic retinopathy, retinal detachment…) to full-thickness macular holes, macular edema, foveal retinoschisis, and others. The technique has evolved in the last two decades, and the different instrumentations and adjuncts have progressively advanced turning into a safer, easier, and more useful tool for the vitreoretinal surgeon. Here, we describe the main milestones of macular peeling, drawing attention to its associated complications. PMID:26425351

  13. Oxidation and Reduction of Iron-Titanium Oxides in Chemical Looping Combustion: A Phase-Chemical Description Oxydation et réduction des minerais de fer-titane dans la combustion en boucle chimique

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    den Hoed P.

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available Ilmenite (FeTiO3 is being explored as an oxygen carrier in chemical looping processes. Its reduction and oxidation are described by the system Fe-Fe2O3-TiO2-Ti2O3. The phase diagram at 1 000°C, presented here, offers a useful tool for predicting reactions and their products. We see that Fe2TiO5 (pseudobrookite and TiO2 (rutile form a stable phase assemblage following the oxidation of FeTiO3 (ilmenite in air. The subsequent reduction of Fe2TiO5 at oxygen partial pressures of 10-15.5atm stabilizes Fe1.02Ti0.98O3, a solid solution of ilmenite. Further reduction will produce metallic iron, which compromises the integrity of the oxygen carrier for chemical looping processes. We speculate that the reduction of Fe-Ti oxides in several practical instances does not reach completion (and equilibrium under the imposed atmospheres operating in fuel reactors. L’ilménite (FeTiO3 est considéré comme un transporteur d’oxygène potentiel pour les procédés en boucle chimique. Ses mécanismes de réduction et d’oxydation sont décrits à travers le système Fe-Fe2O3-TiO2-TiO3. Le diagramme de phase à 1 000°C, présenté ici, est un outil utile pour prédire les réactions et les produits. Nous constatons que Fe2TiO5 (pseudobrookite et TiO2 (rutile forment un assemblage de phase stable après oxydation de l’ilménite (FeTiO3 dans l’air. La réduction subséquente de Fe2TiO5 à la pression partielle de 10−15,5atm stabilise vers Fe1.02Ti0.98O3, une solution solide d’ilménite. Une réduction plus poussée va produire du fer métallique et compromettre l’intégrité du transporteur d’oxygène dans la boucle chimique. Il est probable que la réduction des oxydes Fe-Ti ne soit pas, en pratique, complète et n’atteigne pas l’équilibre dans les conditions rencontrées en opération dans les réacteurs de réduction.

  14. Tervislikud vähemlevinud teraviljad / Ilmar Tamm, Ilme Tupits, Reine Koppel, Pille Sooväli

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Tamm, Ilmar, 1961-

    2015-01-01

    ELi 7. raamprogrammi projekti "Tervislikud vähemlevinud teraviljad" eemärk on Euroopas vähemlevinud teraviljade nagu rukki, kaera, spelta ning ühe- ja kahetera nisu geneetilise baasi mitmekesistamine sordiaretuseks, nende stressitaluvuse suurendamine, agrotehnika parandamine ning toiteväärtuse ja toiduviljaks töötlemise kvaliteedi tõstmine. Projekti koordineerib Tšehhi Põllukultuuride Uurimisinstituut, selles osaleb partnerina ka Eesti Taimekasvatuse Instituut

  15. Coca-Cola : kasumi languses on süüdi Põhja-Euroopa kehv ilm / Raivo Sormunen

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Sormunen, Raivo, 1976-

    2004-01-01

    Ilmunud ka: Delovõje Vedomosti 29. sept. lk. 6. Karastusjookide tootja Coca-Cola andis kasumihoiatuse. Ettevõtte majandustulemuste languse põhjustest. Diagramm: Coca-Cola aktsia aasta madalaimal tasemel. Vt. samas: Annika Matson. Coca-Cola jooksev kvartal Eestis saladus

  16. Grafiskais redaktors „TUX PAINT” kā līdzeklis 3 –gadīgu bērnu saskarsmes veicināšanā

    OpenAIRE

    Bērziņa, Gita

    2008-01-01

    Gitas Eglītes pētījumā tiek analizēta 3 gadīgu bērnu saskarsmes prasmju veicināšana ar grafiskā redaktora „Tux Paint” palīdzību. Pētījuma teorētiskajā daļā, pamatojoties uz J.Kupča, D.Lieģenieces, R.Andersones, S.Omārovas, G.Cukermanes un citu teorētiķu atziņām, autore analizē saskarsmes un saskarsmes prasmju jēdzienu, tās veidošanos ar grafiskā redaktora „Tux Paint” palīdzību. Pētījuma empīriskajā daļā autore analizē 3 gadīgu bērnu saskarsmes prasmju veicinošos faktorus konkrētā kultūr...

  17. An international labour migration to developing countries in Asia: a case study of Korea.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, J K

    1996-12-01

    This study is based on a random sample of 431 temporary migrant workers from developing countries in Korea. Interviews were conducted from mid-October 1995 to mid-March 1996 with 105 Pakistanis, 77 Filipinos, 71 Sri Lankans, 67 Bangladeshi, 40 Indonesians, 26 individuals from Myanmar, 22 Chinese, 16 Nepalese, 2 Iranians, 2 Kazakstanians, 1 Malaysian, 1 Vietnamese, and 1 Ghanaian. Migration follows legal and illegal patterns. Legal trainee migrants leave before their contract time due to low pay, inadequate living conditions, forced overtime work, and lack of freedom. Trainees tend to be ethnic Koreans born in China and Chinese nationals. The number of illegal migrants is increasing. Foreign workers gain entry illegally through smuggling networks and legally through industrial work or tourist visas. Sample data reveal that the average age ranged from 26 to 32 years. Almost 70% were unmarried, and most were males. Filipinos tended to be older and show gender and marital balance. Age, marital status, religion, and education varied widely by ethnic group. Indonesians and Sri Lankans had lower household income than Pakistanis and Filipinos. Pakistanis tended to come from larger families. Total travel costs ranged from $3000 to $5000. Korea is one of four rapidly developing countries that shifted from being a major exporter of labor to a major importer of workers. Shortages of workers accompanied the shift. This case study illustrates that the traditional structural paradigm does not explain some unique features of international labor migration (ILM) in Asia, including the encouragement of illegal migration. The clandestine networks are different from those in developed countries. State policies mediate the flow of ILM.

  18. Bölge farklılığı, buharlama, kurutma sıcaklığı, tutkal türü ve tabaka sayısının Ladin odunundan üretilen kontrplakların bazı mekanik özelliklerine etkisi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Doç.Dr. Hüseyin PEKER

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmada, bölge farklılığı, buharlama işlemi, kurutma sıcaklığı, tabaka sayısı ve tutkal türünün Ladin odunundan üretilen kontrplakların mekanik özelliklerine (eğilme direnci ve elastikiyet modülü etkisi belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Doğu Karadeniz Yöresi’nin (Rize Çayeli/Çürükbel ve Trabzon Maçka/Kapıköy mevkilerinden temin edilen Doğu ladini (Picea orientalis L. deney örnekleri fenol formaldehit ve melamin üre formaldehit tutkallarıyla beraber işleme tabi tutularak 5 ve 7 tabakalı kontrplak levhalar hazırlanmıştır.Deney sonuçlarına göre; Eğilme direnci en yüksek değer 6 saat buharlanmış ve 1100C kurutma sıcaklığı ortamında fenol formaldehit tutkalı ile işlem görmüş 5 tabakalı (Maçka ladin odununda gerçekleşirken; Elastikiyet modülünde ise en yüksek değer 7 tabakalı kontrplak levhalarında 12 saat buharlanmış ve 1100C kurutma sıcaklığı ortamında fenol formaldehit tutkalı ile işlem görmüş (Maçka Ladin odununda gerçekleşmiştir.

  19. Effect of the perfluorodecalin residue on macular subretinal treated by internal limiting membrane peeling combined with 38G casing needle

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Xiao-Bo Wang

    2014-11-01

    Full Text Available AIM: To observe the effect of the treatment to the perfluorodecalin residue on macular subretinal by internal limiting membrane(ILMpeeling combined with 38G casing needle.METHODS: Twenty-nine cases(29 eyesof retinal reattachment and with perfluorodecalin residual on the macular subretinal, selected in Xiamen Eye Center from January 2008 to October 2013, were divided into group A(14 cases, 14 eyesand group B(15 cases, 15 eyesrandomly. In group A, after removal of silicone oil, perfluorodecalin liquids at the macular subretinal directly were aspirated by 38G casing needle. In group B, after removal of silicone oil, ILM was dyed and peeled completely to the range of 4PD approximately. Then the perfluorodecalin liquids at the macular subretinal were aspirated by 38G casing needle. All cases of both groups were filled with filtered air. After 1wk, the case with macular hole found by OCT was exchanged by air-fluid and filled with 16% C3F8. The best corrected visual acuity(BCVAof two groups of patients was observed after 4, 8, 24wk. OCT was reviewed to observe whether there were perfluorodecalin residue on the macular subretinal, formation of macular hole and macular morphological changes, retinal detachment.RESULTS: BCVA was improved in both groups after 4, 8, 24wk. And the value of BCVA improvedin group B was better than that in group A(PCONCLUSION: ILM peeling combined with 38G casing needle can aspirate completely the perfluorodecalin residual on macular. There were not caused macular hole and retinal detachment. This method is an safe, effective and minimally invasive surgical technique to protect the macular function.

  20. Spontaneous Resolution of Optic Disc Pit Maculopathy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Koushik Tripathy

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available I read with interest the article reporting spontaneous resolution of optic disc pit maculopathy in a boy.1 Though the presence of an optic disc pit and associated macular involvement is undoubted in the presented case, the provided optical coherence tomography (OCT does not clearly show typical intraretinal schisis (Figure 1B1 at multiple retinal levels which may communicate with the pit. Instead, it shows a sub-internal limiting membrane (sub-ILM cavity. Such cavities are known to occur following the resolution of sub-ILM bleed due to various cause including Valsalva retinopathy,2 Terson syndrome, and also in some retinitis3 cases.4 In fact, some of these cavities may simulate a neurosensory retinal detachment or central serous chorioretinopathy on cursory clinical examination.5 To confirm that the features of the current patient1 are indeed related to the optic disc pit, it is necessary for the authors to provide an OCT scan which shows a connection of the presented cavity with the optic disc pit. Also, clear OCT scans of the fovea, both at presentation and at final follow-up would help our understanding of the visual recovery of the patient. The interval between the presenting (28 June 2012 OCT and final OCT (30 Nov 2012 is 5 months and not 6 months as described in the manuscript. For an effective comparison, both the presenting and final OCT scans should have been taken using either horizontal or vertical orientation over the macula. Though the spontaneous resolution of optic disc pit maculopathy is possible, visual recovery in usually unlikely and in such cases an alternate diagnosis needs to be excluded.

  1. The WC-130 Meteorological System and Its Utilization in Operational Weather Reconnaissance.

    Science.gov (United States)

    1980-08-01

    made using a J-scan display on the face of a cathode ray tube (CRT) in the indicator unit. The display is in the form of a base circle with two lobes...76-12W 31000 Ft NCA 35-42N 77-26W 31000 Ft ILM 34-21N 77-52W 31000 Ft CRY 33-49N 78-43W 31000 Ft CHS 32-54N 80-02W 31000 Ft 350 GOIF A 1A IF P\\ I V...Weather Service Ak6PE MS Primitive L -uation Nedel C PFC Central Pacific Hurricane Center CMI cathode ray tube2 LkJC Departmnent of Commierce WkL

  2. AḤWᾹL AL-QULŪB DALAM KITAB MINHᾹJ AL-ATQIYᾹ’ KARYA KIAI SALEH DARAT

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Moh In’amuzzahidin

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available Abstract: This article aims to elaborate the book of Kiai Saleh Darat’s Minhāj al-Atqiyā, a book of mysticism that is still used intraditional Islamic boarding schools (pesantren in Java. The focus of the study is aḥwāl al-qulūb (conditions of heart spiritual, which is part of 'ilm al-mu'āmalah, the second science after the' ilmal-mukāsyafah, a device used for the science to the after life. Aḥwāl al-qulūb can be devided two dimension: commendable and despicable. The commend able is like patience, gratitude, fear, hope, willing, asceticism, piety, qanā'ah, sakhā' (generous, Husnal-zan, Husnal-khulūq, Husnal-mu'āsyarah, sidq, and Ikhlas. Mean while, the despicable is as scared indigent, hate destiny, jealousy, envy, looking sublime, happy and eternal praise in the world, arrogant, riya, covetous, griping, and others. By knowing which ahwalal-Qulub which are commendable and despicable, will facilitate the followers of Sufismactors (Salik to go to the presence of God. In addition, this paper also will discover what it is contribution and relevance of Kiai Saleh Darat’s thought in modern era. Abstrak: Artikel ini bertujuan mengelaborasi kitab Minhāj al-Atqiyā’ Kai Saleh Darat, sebuah kitab tasawuf yang masih digunakan di pesantren-pesantren tradisional di Jawa.Fokus kajian adalah aḥwāl al-qulūb (kondisi spiritual hati yang merupakan bagian dari ‘ilm al-mu‘āmalah, ilmu kedua setelah ‘ilm al-mukāsyafah, sebuah piranti ilmu yang digunakan untuk menuju akhirat. Aḥwāl al-qulūb itu sendiri ada yang terpuji dan ada yang tercela. Adapun yang terpuji adalah seperti ṣabar, syukūr, khauf, rajā’, riḍā, zuhūd, taqwā, qanā‘ah, sakhā’ (dermawan, ḥusn al-ẓan, ḥusn al-khulūq, ḥusn al-mu‘āsyarah, ṣidq, dan ikhlāṣ. Sedangkan aḥwāl al-qulūb yang tercela adalah seperti takut fakir, benci takdir, dengki, iri, mencari keluhuran, senang pujian dan kekal di dunia, takabur, riya, tamak, bakhil, dan

  3. Sto ročníků Českého lidu v osobách a poselstvích vedoucích redaktorů

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Woitsch, Jiří

    2013-01-01

    Roč. 100, č. 1 (2013), s. 63-98 ISSN 0009-0794 Institutional support: RVO:68378076 Keywords : the journal Český lid * history of regional history * history of science * academic writing Subject RIV: AC - Archeology, Anthropology, Ethnology Impact factor: 0.094, year: 2012

  4. ILM AL LUGHAH AL IJTIMAI WA TALIM AL LUGHAH AL ARABIYYAH LI AL NATHIQINA BI GHAIRIHA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ahmad Ubaedillah Fathuddin

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available Language learning cannot work without integrating other fields of knowledge such as psychology, anthropology, sociolinguistics, etc. Sociolinguistics is a branch of linguistics which discusses about language due to social factors. It has an important role in language learning especially in making it easily understandable for the language learners by understanding the language use of the native speakers. The contribution of sociolinguistics in Arabic language learning for foreign language learners can be seen from the relationship between language and social environment. In this case, it does not only learn about the elements or internal systems of Arabic language such as phonology, syntax, and morphology, but also the social context such as speech community, social class, language use and culture. It means sociolinguistics gives information about the definition and use of Arabic language based on the social context.

  5. Independent assessment of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) sample preparation quality: Effect of sample preparation on MALDI-MS of synthetic polymers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kooijman, Pieter C; Kok, Sander; Honing, Maarten

    2017-02-28

    Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) provides detailed and in-depth information about the molecular characteristics of synthetic polymers. To obtain the most accurate results the sample preparation parameters should be chosen to suit the sample and the aim of the experiment. Because the underlying principles of MALDI are still not fully known, a priori determination of optimal sample preparation protocols is often not possible. Employing an automated sample preparation quality assessment method recently presented by us we quantified the sample preparation quality obtained using various sample preparation protocols. Six conventional matrices with and without added potassium as a cationization agent and six ionic liquid matrices (ILMs) were assessed using poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as samples. All sample preparation protocols were scored and ranked based on predefined quality parameters and spot-to-spot repeatability. Clearly distinctive preferences were observed in matrix identity and cationization agent for PEG, PTHF and PMMA, as the addition of an excess of potassium cationization agent results in an increased score for PMMA and a contrasting matrix-dependent effect for PTHF and PEG. The addition of excess cationization agent to sample mixtures dissipates any overrepresentation of high molecular weight polymer species. Our results show reduced ionization efficiency and similar sample deposit homogeneity for all tested ILMs, compared with well-performing conventional MALDI matrices. The results published here represent a start in the unsupervised quantification of sample preparation quality for MALDI samples. This method can select the best sample preparation parameters for any synthetic polymer sample and the results can be used to formulate hypotheses on MALDI principles. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  6. Intrusive and Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (A Survey

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marco Danilo Burbano Acuña

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available There is not discussion about the need of energyconservation, it is well known that energy resources are limitedmoreover the global energy demands will double by the end of2030, which certainly will bring implications on theenvironment and hence to all of us.Non-Intrusive load monitoring (NILM is the process ofrecognize electrical devices and its energy consumption basedon whole home electric signals, where this aggregated load datais acquired from a single point of measurement outside thehousehold. The aim of this approach is to get optimal energyconsumption and avoid energy wastage. Intrusive loadmonitoring (ILM is the process of identify and locate singledevices through the use of sensing systems to support control,monitor and intervention of such devices. The aim of thisapproach is to offer a base for the development of importantapplications for remote and automatic intervention of energyconsumption inside buildings and homes as well. For generalpurposes this paper states a general framework of NILM andILM approaches.Appliance discerns can be tackled using approaches fromdata mining and machine learning, finding out the techniquesthat fit the best this requirements, is a key factor for achievingfeasible and suitable appliance load monitoring solutions. Thispaper presents common and interesting methods used.Privacy concerns have been one of the bigger obstacles forimplementing a widespread adoption of these solutions; despitethis fact, developed countries like those inside the EU and theUK have established a deadline for the implementation ofsmart meters in the whole country, whereas USA governmentstill struggles with the acceptance of this solution by itscitizens.The implementation of security over these approachesalong with fine-grained energy monitoring would lead to abetter public agreement of these solutions and hence a fasteradoption of such approaches. This paper reveals a lack ofsecurity over these approaches with a real scenario.

  7. Retinal displacement toward optic disc after internal limiting membrane peeling for idiopathic macular hole.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ishida, Masahiro; Ichikawa, Yoshikazu; Higashida, Rieko; Tsutsumi, Yorihisa; Ishikawa, Atsushi; Imamura, Yutaka

    2014-05-01

    To examine the retinal displacement following successful macular hole (MH) surgery with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and gas tamponade, and to determine the correlation between the extent of displacement and the basal MH size. Retrospective, interventional, observational case series. The medical records of consecutive patients with an idiopathic MH that had undergone vitrectomy with ILM peeling and gas tamponade were studied. The distances between the optic disc and the intersection of 2 retinal vessels located nasal or temporal to the fovea were measured manually preoperatively (A), and 2 weeks and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively (B), on the fundus autofluorescence or near-infrared images. The basal and minimum diameters of the MHs were measured in the spectral-domain optical coherence tomographic images. The correlations between the ratio of the retinal displacement (A - B/A) and basal diameters of the MHs were determined. Twenty-one eyes of 21 patients (9 men, mean age: 64.6 ± 8.4 years) were studied. Ten eyes (47.6%) had stage 2 MH, 9 eyes (42.9%) had stage 3 MH, and 2 eyes (9.5%) had stage 4 MH. The temporal retinal vessels were displaced 260.8 ± 145.8 μm toward the optic disc at 2 weeks postoperatively, which was significantly greater than the 91.1 ± 89.7 μm of the nasal retinal vessels (paired t test, P displacement in the temporal field at 2 weeks was significantly correlated with the basal diameter of the MH (Spearman's rank correlation coeffieient = -0.476, P = .033. The greater displacement of the temporal retina than the nasal retina toward the optic disc postoperatively suggests that the temporal retina is more flexible and can be retracted toward the optic disc during the MH closure. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  8. Seamless user experiences in a brand new library

    KAUST Repository

    Vijayakumar, J.K.

    2012-10-30

    In order to provide seamless user experiences, the brand new libraries are far better positioned. They do not have to manage much in print, at least for the journal section, but huge electronic collection accessible via Internet. They do not worry about migrating to new systems or technology; they just start with whatever the latest available in the market, whether it is new generation ILMS, discovery tools, content management systems, mobile technologies, cloud computing etc. Patrons\\' expectations for seamless experience are met - regardless of their location, device and service they opted for. The story of the two and half years old, Saudi Arabia\\'s brand new King Abdullah University of Science and Technology\\'s Library is not different. Huge amount of electronic resources also provide ever increasing challenges to the new generation libraries in collecting, organizing and delivering the right information, to the right person at the right time. Implementation of a good ILMS supported with better electronic resource management features will help in setting the house right. Well-designed user interfaces, supported with the web scale discovery tools will help the users to have a better search experience. Availability of library collection through the campus mobile applications, latest proxy technologies for out-campus access and integrating the resources to the campus e-learning platform are the main features of the library’s seamless experiences. Libguide platform is used for the first time in Saudi Arabia, to create online research guides by subject librarians. An institutional repository, based on D-Space platform is about to release. Ninety percent of our collection is online; they are purchased, organized and accessed online, like any other brand new academic research libraries. Analysis of usage statistics of different resources show that they are highly used and usage is increased over two years, as the technology improved and implemented.

  9. Reflectivity and thickness analysis of epiretinal membranes using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ajay E. Kuriyan

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available AIM: To compare thickness and reflectivity spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT findings in patients with idiopathic epiretinal membranes (ERMs, before and after ERM peeling surgery, with normal controls. METHODS: A retrospective study analyzed SD-OCTs of eyes with ERMs undergoing ERM peeling surgery by one surgeon from 2008 to 2010 and normal control eyes. SD-OCTs were analyzed using a customized algorithm to measure reflectivity and thickness. The relationship between the SD-OCT findings and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA outcomes was also studied. RESULTS: Thirty-four ERM eyes and 12 normal eyes were identified. Preoperative eyes had high reflectivity and thickness of the group of layers from the internal limiting membrane (ILM to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE and the group of layers from the ILM to the external limiting membrane (ELM. The values of reflectivity of these two groups of layers decreased postoperatively, but were still higher than normal eyes. In contrast, preoperative eyes had lower reflectivity of two 10×15 pixel regions of interest (ROIs incorporating: 1 ELM + outer nuclear layer (ONL and 2 photoreceptor layer (PRL + RPE, compared to controls. The values of reflectivity of these ROIs increased postoperatively, but were still lower than normal controls. A larger improvement in BCVA postoperatively was correlated with a greater degree of abnormal preoperative reflectivity and thickness findings. CONCLUSION: Quantitative differences in reflectivity and thickness between preoperative, postoperative, and normal SD-OCTs allow assessment of changes in the retina secondary to ERM. Our study identified hyperreflective inner retina changes and hyporeflective outer retina changes in patients with ERMs. SD-OCT quantitative measures of reflectivity and/or thickness of specific groups of retinal layers and/or ROIs correlate with improvement in BCVA.

  10. Contesting a National Cinema in Becoming: The Cinemalaya Philippine Independent Film Festival (2005-2014

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Emerald O. Flaviano

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Since its birth in 2005, the Cinemalaya Philippine Independent Film Festival has proven itself a major force in the Philippine f ilm industry. Established with the twin goals of “[encouraging] the creation of new cinematic works by Filipino filmmakers—works that boldly articulate and freely interpret the Filipino experience with fresh insight and artistic integrity” and “[invigorating] Philippine filmmaking by developing a new breed of Filipino filmmakers,” Cinemalaya has been instrumental in the recent rise of what Tiongson (“The Rise of the Philippine New Wave Indie Film” has called the “New Wave Indie” films. This recent wave of independent cinema, in turn, is taken to be the next significant moment in the history of Philippine national cinema. By considering the film festival—a spatiotemporally demarcated event and a unique discoursegenerating institution—as point of entry, this article discusses the contested process of constructing a coherent narrative of becoming of a national cinema. This process is found, more than ever, to surface resistance to any singular notion of “national cinema,” not least because of the inescapably transnational nature of all film production and consumption. It is within this context that any discussion about “saving” a Philippine national cinema is framed, particularly as to how international recognition has legitimized local independent cinema and influenced local spectatorship practices. Cinemalaya has helped revive a failing industry by giving shape to a new film movement, essentially def ined by contestation, as the f ilm festival’s experience in moderating the controversies it has found itself embroiled in has proven. More than anything, these contestations have brought to the fore previously unchallenged assumptions about what cinema a national public deserves to see.

  11. Chapitre 13. Les élites dans la ville

    OpenAIRE

    Van Renterghem, Vanessa

    2016-01-01

    Les élites religieuses de l’islam médiéval, que ce soit sous la figure du lettré (ʿālim) producteur et transmetteur d’un savoir traditionnel (ʿilm), de l’imam dirigeant la prière du vendredi, du juriste à qui l’on venait réclamer un avis légal (fatwa) ou du cadi chargé de trancher les litiges, forment un groupe composite qu’il est malaisé de chercher à définir de façon univoque et auquel on ne peut, en aucun cas, supposer une quelconque homogénéité sociale. Le prestige attaché à chacune de ce...

  12. Exile Island and Global Conversation: Ilha do Desterro Bridges Languages and Cultures

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Renata Wasserman

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2016v69n2p207 This is a concise overview of the publication history of Ilha do Desterro, which shows some changes in format, but a consistent and ever-widening interest in language broadly deined, from linguistics to literature to ilm, as it manifests itself in diferent languages, places, and times. he journal publishes in English and Portuguese, but this overview, aware of the impossibility of covering the entire array of essays that appeared in its extended history, limits itself to notes on articles dealing with Anglophone expression by itself and in comparison to its counterparts in the Lusophone world.

  13. Louis Massignon l'amour mystique ou l'extase dans l'abandon

    OpenAIRE

    Jacques Keryell

    2008-01-01

    Parler de Massignon et de son Amour de Dieu n'est pas chose aisée. En effet, si les mystiques musulmans des premiers siècles de l'hégire ont été les hérauts de cet Amour : Al-Hallâj, Râbia al-Adawiyya, Al-Niffâri, Ibn Arabi, Ansâri, Al-Ghazâli, l'Amour de Dieu comme tel, n'est pas au cœur du "ilm al kalâm", de la théologie musulmane traditionnelle. Pour Massignon, langue et spiritualité étaient intimement liées. Si je devais me placer dans une perspective musulmane, je dirais que Louis Massig...

  14. KONFIGURASI KATA SAM’, BASHAR, DAN FU’AD DALAM AL-QUR’AN MENURUT TINJAUAN ILM AL-MA’ANIY

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mahfudz Siddiq

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available In language and literature perspective, the Qur′anic style has uniqueness because it has specific characteristic, model, and configuration in its style, word, and structure. Al-Qur′an as a miracle of the God revealed to Muhammad peace be upon him is a miracle text of language and literature, although it can not be categorized as literary text, but it uses literary approach in delivering God ideas about world life and hereafter. In this article, the writer tries to discover Qur′anic uniqueness to observe tree words that are always mentioned in a series; sam’ (hear, bashar (see, and fu′aad (heart. In this case, the writer uses al-ma’aaniy, one of al-balaghah branches to analyze Qur′anic verses. The aim is to explain uniqueness of its specific characteristic, model, and configuration used in Qur′anic style in order to explain those tree words. The findings are that the expression of those three words expressed in a series, are revealed in six verses. (1 Surah al-Nahl (16 ayat 78; (2 Surah al-Isra′ (17 ayat 36; (3 Surah al-Mu’minun (23 ayat 78; (4 Surah al-Sajdah (32 ayat 9; (5 Surah al-Ahiqaf (46 ayat 26; dan (6 Surah al-Mulk (67 ayat 23. The sense expressions have reached the perfectness, fashahah or the harmony and compactness among one phrase and the next phrase. In other word the fashahah and balaghah of the Al Quran is incomparable.

  15. Greco Laser-matter interaction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1986-01-01

    Research program in 1985 at GRECO ILM (Group of Coordinated Research: Interaction Laser Matter) continued with its principal direction in fundamental physics of laser inertial confinement; also researches on X-ray lasers hare been undergone and new high power laser application fields with particle acceleration, material processing and X-ray sources. A six beam laser was operated. Wavelength effects were studied. Atomic physics was deeply stressed as dense medium diagnostics from multicharged ions. Research development in ultra-dense medium was also important X-ray laser research gave outstanding results. New research fields were developed this year: laser acceleration of particles by wave beating or Raman instability; dense laser produced plasma use as X-ray source; material processing by laser shocks [fr

  16. Optic neuropathy causing vertical unilateral hemianopsia after pars plana vitrectomy for a macular hole: A case report.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kawashima, Hirohiko; Nagai, Norihiro; Shinoda, Hajime; Tsubota, Kazuo; Ozawa, Yoko

    2018-04-01

    Recent progress in medical technology has resulted in improved surgical outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV); with microincision systems, the incidence of procedure-related complications during surgery has been reduced. However, unpredictable visual field defects after PPV remain an unresolved issue. A few reports have shown that damage to the retinal neurofibers owing to dry-up during air/fluid exchange or retinal neurotoxicity of the dye used to visualize the internal limiting membrane (ILM), as well as unintentional removal of retinal neurofibers during ILM peeling, are responsible for such visual field disorders. In this report, we present a case of extensive visual field defect due to optic neuropathy exhibiting vertical hemianopsia after PPV. A 50-year-old woman underwent PPV and cataract surgery for a macular hole and mild cataract under retrobulbar anesthesia with 3.5 mL of xylocaine. At the time of opening an infusion cannula for PPV, the intraocular lens was herniating, with an acute increase in pressure from the posterior eyeball; thus, intraocular pressure configuration level had to be decreased from the default level, whereas the other procedures including 20% SF6 injection were performed without any modification. The macular hole was closed postoperatively. However, the patient experienced nasal hemianopsia, which turned out to be optic neuropathy, as assessed via electric physiological examinations. The pattern of the visual field defect was not typical for glaucoma or anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Her optic nerve head was pale at the temporal side soon after the surgery, and her blood pressure was low, suggesting that there may have been a congestion of the optic nerve feeder vessels because of the relatively high pressure in the orbit. The space occupancy with xylocaine and extensively stretched and plumped out eye ball with infusion during PPV may have pressed the surrounding tissue of the optic nerve and the feeder vessels. PPV is safe

  17. CLOSING MACULAR HOLES WITH "MACULAR PLUG" WITHOUT GAS TAMPONADE AND POSTOPERATIVE POSTURING.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chakrabarti, Meena; Benjamin, Preethi; Chakrabarti, Keya; Chakrabarti, Arup

    2017-03-01

    To investigate the surgical results of macular hole surgery without gas tamponade or postoperative posturing in patients with Stage 3 and Stage 4 macular holes with ≥500 μm mean base diameter. Retrospective interventional case series. Twenty-six patients with Stage 3 and Stage 4 macular holes. Twenty-six eyes of 26 patients with Stage 3 and Stage 4 macular holes and a mean base diameter of 892.8 ± 349 μm underwent pars plana 23-gauge vitrectomy with broad internal limiting membrane peel (ILM peel), inverted ILM flap repositioning (ILMR), and use of autologous gluconated blood clumps as a macular plug to close the macular hole. No fluid-air exchange, endotamponade, or postoperative posturing was used. The subjects were followed up for 12 months. The anatomical outcome of the procedure was evaluated by fundus examination and optical coherence tomography. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography was used to study the restoration of the outer retinal layer integrity in the postoperative period. The preoperative and postoperative best-corrected visual acuities in logMAR units were compared to evaluate functional outcome. Macular hole closure and best-corrected visual acuity before and after surgery. Twenty-six patients with mean age 62.8 ± 7.3 years, preoperative median best-corrected visual acuity 6/60 (1.0 logMAR units), and a mean base diameter of 892.8 ± 349 μm underwent surgery to close macular holes without gas tamponade or postoperative posturing. Twenty patients (76.9%) were phakic. Twenty eyes (76.92%) had Stage 3 macular holes and 6 eyes (23.10%) had Stage 4 macular holes. After a single surgery, hole closure was achieved in 100% of eyes. The median best-corrected visual acuity improved from 6/60 (1.0 logMAR units) to 6/18 (0.50 logMAR units) (P hole closure with statically significant functional improvement for large Stage 3 and Stage 4 macular holes.

  18. Changes in macular pigment optical density after membrane peeling.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Romano, Mario R; Cennamo, Gilda; Grassi, Piergiacomo; Sparnelli, Federica; Allegrini, Davide; Cennamo, Giovanni

    2018-01-01

    To highlight the differences in macular pigment optical density (MPOD) between eyes with vitreoretinal interface syndrome and healthy control eyes, to assess the changes in MPOD in eyes treated with macular peeling, to investigate the relationships between MPOD changes and measures of retinal sensitivity such as best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and microperimetry. In this cross-sectional comparative study, 30 eyes affected by idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM, 15eyes) or full-thickness macular hole (FTMH, 15eyes) were compared with 60 eyes from 30 healthy age-matched patients. MPOD values (mean MPOD, maximum MPOD, MPOD area, and MPOD volume) were measured in a range of 4°-7° of eccentricity around the fovea, using the one-wavelength reflectometry method (Visucam 200, Carl-Zeiss Meditec). Patients affected by iERM and FTMH were treated with vitrectomy and epiretinal membrane-inner limiting membrane (ERM-ILM) peeling, with follow-up examinations performed preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. The main outcome measures were the differences in MPOD between eyes with vitreoretinal interface syndrome and healthy eyes, changes in MPOD after ERM-ILM peeling, and relationships between MPOD and functional changes. Mean MPOD differed significantly between control eyes and those with iERM (P = .0001) or FTMH (P = .0006). The max MPOD and MPOD area increased, but not significantly. After peeling, the only significant change in MPOD was in MPOD volume (P = .01). In the ERM group, postoperative mean MPOD correlated significantly with best-corrected visual acuity (r = .739, P = .002). MPOD was reduced in patients with iERM or FTMH compared with healthy eyes. We found a significant correlation between the mean postoperative MPOD and postoperative BCVA, hypothesizing that the postoperative increase in mean MPOD could be due to a change in distribution for unfolding and expansion of the fovea after the peeling. MOPD may be considered as a prognostic factor associated

  19. Dynamical gluon mass in the instanton vacuum model

    Science.gov (United States)

    Musakhanov, M.; Egamberdiev, O.

    2018-04-01

    We consider the modifications of gluon properties in the instanton liquid model (ILM) for the QCD vacuum. Rescattering of gluons on instantons generates the dynamical momentum-dependent gluon mass Mg (q). First, we consider the case of a scalar gluon, no zero-mode problem occurs and its dynamical mass Ms (q) can be found. Using the typical phenomenological values of the average instanton size ρ = 1 / 3 fm and average inter-instanton distance R = 1 fm we get Ms (0) = 256 MeV. We then extend this approach to the real vector gluon with zero-modes carefully considered. We obtain the following expression Mg2 (q) = 2 Ms2 (q). This modification of the gluon in the instanton media will shed light on nonperturbative aspect on heavy quarkonium physics.

  20. Value of internal limiting membrane peeling in surgery for idiopathic macular hole and the correlation between function and retinal morphology

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Christensen, Ulrik Correll

    2009-01-01

    conducted a randomized clinical trial including 78 pseudophakic patients with idiopathic macular hole stages 2 and 3. Patients were randomly assigned to macular hole surgery consisting of (i) vitrectomy alone without instrumental retinal surface contact (non-peeling), (ii) vitrectomy plus 0.05% isotonic ICG...... rate than surgery without ILM peeling (95% versus 45%). The overall functional results confirm that surgery for macular hole generally leads to favourable visual results, with two-thirds of eyes regaining reading vision (>or=20/40). Macular hole surgery can be considered a safe procedure with a low...... incidence of sight-threatening adverse events; the retinal detachment rate was 2.2%. Visual outcomes in eyes with primary hole closure were not significantly different between the intervention groups; however, for the stage 2 subgroup with primary macular hole closure, there was a trend towards a better...

  1. Visual acuity loss associated with excessive “dry macula” in exudative age-related macular degeneration

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Takahashi H

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available Hidenori Takahashi,1–3 Yuji Inoue,1,2 Xue Tan,2,3 Satoru Inoda,1 Shinichi Sakamoto,1 Yusuke Arai,1 Yasuo Yanagi,4–6 Yujiro Fujino,2,3 Hidetoshi Kawashima1 1Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, 2Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, 3Department of Ophthalmology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, Shinjuku, Japan; 4Medical Retina, Singapore National Eye Centre, 5Medical Retina, Singapore Eye Research Institute, 6Eye-ACP, Duke NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore Purpose: To investigate the correlation between visual acuity and central macular thickness (CMT and choroidal thickness (CCT in patients with wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD. Methods: In this retrospective analysis, 14 eyes that received >10 ranibizumab injections (based on pro re nata [PRN] regimen and maintained initial visual acuity gain were analyzed. The following 5 parameters were measured at the foveal center: CMT (distance from the inner limiting membrane [ILM] to Bruch’s membrane; central retinal thickness (CRT; distance from the ILM to the inner limit of the retinal pigment epithelium or subretinal fluid [SRF]; SRF thickness (SRFT; pigment epithelium detachment thickness (PEDT; and CCT. The correlation between the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA and the 5 parameters was examined with generalized estimating equations. Results: CMT, CRT, and CCT were negatively correlated with logMAR BCVA (P=0.031, 0.023, and 0.036, respectively when only CMT values less than the thickness that maximized visual acuity for each eye were used for the analysis. Each 100-µm reduction in CMT, CRT, or CCT improved logMAR BCVA by -0.1, -0.08, or -0.07, respectively. SRFT and PEDT were not correlated with BCVA. The median CMT that maximized the visual acuity was 230 µm. Conclusion: Dry macula with CMT <230 µm was

  2. Understanding cellulose dissolution: energetics of interactions of ionic liquids and cellobiose revealed by solution microcalorimetry.

    Science.gov (United States)

    de Oliveira, Heitor Fernando Nunes; Rinaldi, Roberto

    2015-05-11

    In this report, the interactions between fifteen selected ionic liquids (ILs) and cellobiose (CB) are examined by high-precision solution microcalorimetry. The heat of mixing (Δmix H) of CB and ILs, or CB and IL/molecular solvent (MS) solutions, provides the first ever-published measure of the affinity of CB with ILs. Most importantly, we found that there is a very good correlation between the nature of the results found for Δmix H(CB) and the solubility behavior of cellulose. This correlation suggests that Δmix H(CB) offers a good estimate of the enthalpy of dissolution of cellulose even in solvents in which cellulose is insoluble. Therefore, the current findings open up new horizons for unravelling the intricacies of the thermodynamic factors accounting for the spontaneity of cellulose dissolution in ILs or IL/MS solutions. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  3. ISLAMIC SCIENCE, NATURE AND HUMAN BEINGS: A DISCUSSION ON ZIAUDDIN SARDAR'S THOUGHTS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Masthuriyah Sa’dan

    2015-12-01

    Pada era sekarang ini perkembangan sains telah mengalami kemajuan yang sangat pesat. Namun kemajuan sains hanya mengambil keuntungan sebesar-besarnya, tanpa memikirkan dampak dari perkembangan sains itu sendiri. Sains telah memarginalkan sisi metafisika dan teologi sehingga sains Barat me­nimbul­kan sifat materialistis bagi manusia, kerusakan ekologi, dan ketidak­harmonisan antara alam dan manusia. Tulisan ini mengkaji pemikiran Ziauddin Sardar tentang sains Islam dengan pendekatan analisis deskriptif. Dalam pandangan Sardar, masyarakat Muslim tidak harus mengekor sains Barat, akan tetapi masyarakat Muslim bisa memiliki sains sebagai karakteristik sains yang bercorak dan bernilai Islam yakni sains Islam. Adapun karaketeristik sains Islam tidak lepas dari sepuluh parameter yang meliputi tawḥīd, khilāfah, ’ibādah, ’ilm, ḥalāl, ḥarām, ’adl, ẓulm, istiṣlāḥ dan diyā’.

  4. Toxicity profiles of subretinal indocyanine green, Brilliant Blue G, and triamcinolone acetonide: a comparative study

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Ejstrup, Rasmus; Dornonville de la Cour, Morten; Heegaard, Steffen

    2012-01-01

    BACKGROUND: This study introduces a novel porcine model to examine the histopathological and electrophysiological consequences of retinotoxicity exerted by dyes commonly used for internal limiting membrane (ILM) staining. METHODS: Indocyanine green (ICG) 0.5 mg/ml, Brilliant Blue G (BBG) 0.25 mg....../ml and triamcinolone acetonide (TA) 13 mg/ml was injected subretinally in 12 vitrectomized pig eyes. At 6 weeks, retinas were examined by multifocal electroretinography (mfERG), ophthalmoscopy, fluorescein angiograpy, histopathology, and apoptosis assay. RESULTS: mfERG responses were significantly lower in ICG......-injected eyes than in healthy fellow eyes (p¿=¿0.039). The ratio between injected eyes and healthy fellow eyes was lower in the ICG group than in the BBG (p¿=¿0.009) and TA group (p¿=¿0.025). No difference between BBG and TA existed. All retinas were reattached, and fluorescein angiographies showed a window...

  5. Mis tuleb

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2005-01-01

    Säästva Renoveerimise Infokeskus korraldab 3. II Tallinnas Väike-Patarei 3 kursuse "Vanad ahjud ja korstnad", Tallinnas Liivalaia 19a 12. II õppepäeva "Naturaalvärvid. Linavärvide praktiline töötuba", 26. II naturaalkrohvi kursuse Tõnu Mauringu juhendamisel. 12. ja 13. II korraldab Boose naisselts Antsla kultuurikeskuses õlepäevad. Kaunistusi kevadpühadeks õpetab tegema Aime Lang. 20. veebruarini Harjumaa Muuseumis Ilme Hundi talvefotode näitus. 27. veebruarini Eesti Rahva Muuseumis näitus "Seto kirä", kus näeb Seto Kolledzhi Ühingu laagrites joonistatud mustreid. Eesti Ajaloomuuseumis näitusel "Meeste mängud" on väljas külm- ja tulirelvad ning turvised 13. sajandist 20. sajandi alguseni. Türi muuseumis Lembit Kaljaspoliku fotonäitus "Eesti elu". Kuressaare kultuurikeskuses märtsi teisest nädalast kuu lõpuni lapitööde näitus

  6. Argon green-Nd: YAG dual laser posterior hyaloidotomy: An innovative approach toward treatment of premacular hemorrhage

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ashish Sharma

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Background: Neodymium: YAG (Nd: YAG laser and argon laser has been used to treat premacular hemorrhage either alone or rarely in combination. Materials and Methods: We describe a new technique of treating premacular hemorrhage by performing hyaloidotomy using a combination of argon green-Nd: YAG laser. We utilized subthreshold energy levels of Nd: YAG laser of 2.0 mJ as compared to the normal recommendation of 3.6-50 mJ. Results and Conclusions: This technique is easy, effective, and safe to manage premacular hemorrhage. The principle behind this combined laser treatment was to make the internal limiting membrane (ILM taut by initial exposure to argon green laser, which allowed us to employ the subthreshold energy levels of Nd: YAG laser. We would like to assess the role of this combined treatment modality in comparison to other modalities, including solitary laser therapy in the management of premacular hemorrhage by performing a prospective, randomized long-term study.

  7. Mistisisme dalam Perspektif Filsafat Analitik: Antara Wittgenstein dan Mehdi Ha'iri Yazdi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. Hidayatullah S.

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Language is a principal instrument for philosopher and as a medium for analysis and reflection. Wittgenstein said, that the order analytical philosophy is to clean away the epistemology from the "good" terms but unclear in it interpretation. Every thing that can be thinks must be able spoken. The limits of my language mean the limits of my world. From this perspective mysticism and mystics experience is nin-sense, because nothing factual reference. From this case, the goal of this study is to find out the epistemology in mysticism and mystic experience. In the study we include the knowledge by presence (ilm al-hudhuri Ha 'iri as an approach. Ha 'iri said that there is a other knowledge which that can be explanations in limits of language and picture theory. This is knowledge by peresence, which by Wittgenstein aware as some thing which having difference language games from knowledge by correspondece.

  8. Content-aware network storage system supporting metadata retrieval

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, Ke; Qin, Leihua; Zhou, Jingli; Nie, Xuejun

    2008-12-01

    Nowadays, content-based network storage has become the hot research spot of academy and corporation[1]. In order to solve the problem of hit rate decline causing by migration and achieve the content-based query, we exploit a new content-aware storage system which supports metadata retrieval to improve the query performance. Firstly, we extend the SCSI command descriptor block to enable system understand those self-defined query requests. Secondly, the extracted metadata is encoded by extensible markup language to improve the universality. Thirdly, according to the demand of information lifecycle management (ILM), we store those data in different storage level and use corresponding query strategy to retrieval them. Fourthly, as the file content identifier plays an important role in locating data and calculating block correlation, we use it to fetch files and sort query results through friendly user interface. Finally, the experiments indicate that the retrieval strategy and sort algorithm have enhanced the retrieval efficiency and precision.

  9. PEMAHAMAN HADITS TARBAWI BURHAN AL ISLAM AL ZARNUJI DALAM KITAB TA’LIM AL MUTA’ALLIM

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Benny Afwadzi

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available This paper explores the understanding of tarbawi (education hadith from one of the major influential clerics in the Islamic educational system, especially in pesantren. He is Burhan al Islam al Zarnuji with his landmark book Ta’lim al Muta’allim. The conclusion that can be drawn is that al Zarnuji has shades of sufistical view in understanding tarbawi hadith. This can be seen in his understanding of hadith on obligation to seek knowledge (thalab al ilmi faridhatun ‘ala kulli muslimin wa muslimatin, which is interpreted as ilm al hal, the science concerning the condition of the human religious or simplistically said as the religious sciences; and the hadith of intention of studying (innama al a’malu bi al niyyat with the intention for the sake of the hereafter and religion, not mundane. Such an understanding is not something taken for granted, but it can be reinterpreted and perfected in accordance with the spirit of the times of context.

  10. DOES SURŪRĮ HAVE A BOOK CALLED “AĤKĀM-I NÜCŪM”? / SURŪRĮ’NĐN AĤKĀM-I NÜCŪM ĐSĐMLĐ BIR ESERĐ VAR MI?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dr. Hakan YAMAN

    2008-05-01

    Full Text Available One of the famous scientists of the Kanuni period, GeliboluluSururi, gained his reputation by his commentary-books and his translations.His commentaries to “Mesnevi” and “Sebistan-i Hayal” which made himfamous, his books in Arabic and Farsi and his translations from theselanguages can be mentioned as major parts of his work. Although it is notexactly known how many books he published, total number of his books areassumed to be around 30 including his translations and compilations. One ofhis translations was famous cosmology book of the time “Kitabü’l-aca’ibve’l-Gara’ib” by Kazvini. Although most of the sources about “Sururi” claimhim to author a book about “ilm-i nücum” (science of stars, the mentionedbook is unfortunately not available in any library. In this article we will try toverify whether Sururi really authored an astrology book, making use ofdependable sources available.

  11. Laser Based Color Film Recorder System With GaAs Microlaser

    Science.gov (United States)

    Difrancesco, David J.

    1989-07-01

    In 1984 Pixar's research and development group built and applied to the motion-picture arts at Lucasfilm's ILM facility a three color laser based film scanner/recorder system. The digital film printer is capable of reading and writing 35mm film formats on a variety of film stocks. The system has been used in award-winning special-effects work, and has been operated in a normal production environment since that time. The primary objective was to develop a full color high resolution system, free from scan artifacts, enabling traditionally photographed motion-picture film to be inter-cut with digital raster image photography. Its use is applied to the art of blue-screen traveling-matte cinematography for motion pic-ture special effects. The system was designed using the Pixar Image Computer and conventional gas laser technology as the illumination source. This paper will discuss recent experimental work in the application of GaAs microlaser technology to a digital film printing system of the future.

  12. From Discrete Breathers to Many Body Localization and Flatbands

    Science.gov (United States)

    Flach, Sergej

    Discrete breathers (DB) and intrinsic localized modes (ILM) are synonymic dynamical states on nonlinear lattices - periodic in time and localized in space, and widely observed in many applications. I will discuss the connections between DBs and many-body localization (MBL) and the properties of DBs on flatband networks. A dense quantized gas of strongly excited DBs can lead to a MBL phase in a variety of different lattice models. Its classical counterpart corresponds to a 'nonergodic metal' in the MBL language, or to a nonGibbsean selftrapped state in the language of nonlinear dynamics. Flatband networks are lattices with small amplitude waves exhibiting macroscopic degeneracy in their band structure due to local symmetries, destructive interference, compact localized eigenstates and horizontal flat bands. DBs can preserve the compactness of localization in the presence of nonlinearity with properly tuned internal phase relationships, making them promising tools for control of the phase coherence of waves. Also at New Zealand Institute of Advanced Study, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand.

  13. Louis Massignon l'amour mystique ou l'extase dans l'abandon

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jacques Keryell

    2008-09-01

    Full Text Available Parler de Massignon et de son Amour de Dieu n'est pas chose aisée. En effet, si les mystiques musulmans des premiers siècles de l'hégire ont été les hérauts de cet Amour : Al-Hallâj, Râbia al-Adawiyya, Al-Niffâri, Ibn Arabi, Ansâri, Al-Ghazâli, l'Amour de Dieu comme tel, n'est pas au cœur du "ilm al kalâm", de la théologie musulmane traditionnelle. Pour Massignon, langue et spiritualité étaient intimement liées. Si je devais me placer dans une perspective musulmane, je dirais que Louis Massignon se situe dans la ligne de la "wahdat al shuhûd", celle de "l'unicité du témoignage" ou Dieu se témoigne Lui-même en son mystère dans le cœur du soufi.

  14. The Development in al-Ghazālī's Epistemology

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mustafa Mahmoud Abu-Sway

    1994-12-01

    Full Text Available The paper is concerned with the development in al-Ghazālī's theory of knowledge, which evolved through various stages. Both al-Ghazālī’s life and writings reflect this development. As a student, he began his academic life with an interest in traditional Islamic studies such as jurisprudence. After he assumed his first teaching position at the Nizāmīyah school of Baghdad he became a methodological skeptic, a situation which prompted him to study all schools of thought available at the time in search for peremptory knowledge (‘ilm al-yaqīn. From skepticism he moved to Sufism, and finally there are indications that he ended up studying the traditions (Ḥadith of Prophet Muhammad (SAS, which led many to claim that he shifted to the methodology of the traditionalists [ahl al-hadīth] and that he abandoned Sufism.

  15. Sedimentary processes and depositional environments of the Horn River Shale in British Columbia, Canada

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yoon, Seok-Hoon; Koh, Chang-Seong; Joe, Young-Jin; Woo, Ju-Hwan; Lee, Hyun-Suk

    2017-04-01

    The Horn River Basin in the northeastern British Columbia, Canada, is one of the largest unconventional gas accumulations in North America. It consists mainly of Devonian shales (Horn River Formation) and is stratigraphically divided into three members, the Muskwa, Otterpark and Evie in descending order. This study focuses on sedimentary processes and depositional environments of the Horn River shale based on sedimentary facies analysis aided by well-log mineralogy (ECS) and total organic carbon (TOC) data. The shale formation consists dominantly of siliceous minerals (quartz, feldspar and mica) and subordinate clay mineral and carbonate materials, and TOC ranging from 1.0 to 7.6%. Based on sedimentary structures and micro texture, three sedimentary facies were classified: homogeneous mudstone (HM), indistinctly laminated mudstone (ILM), and planar laminated mudstone (PLM). Integrated interpretation of the sedimentary facies, lithology and TOC suggests that depositional environment of the Horn River shale was an anoxic quiescent basin plain and base-of-slope off carbonate platform or reef. In this deeper marine setting, organic-rich facies HM and ILM, dominant in the Muskwa (the upper part of the Horn River Formation) and Evie (the lower part of the Horn River Formation) members, may have been emplaced by pelagic to hemipelagic sedimentation on the anoxic sea floor with infrequent effects of low-density gravity flows (turbidity currents or nepheloid flows). In the other hand, facies PLM typifying the Otterpark Member (the middle part of the Horn River Formation) suggests more frequent inflow of bottom-hugging turbidity currents punctuating the hemipelagic settling of the background sedimentation process. The stratigraphic change of sedimentary facies and TOC content in the Horn River Formation is most appropriately interpreted to have been caused by the relative sea-level change, that is, lower TOC and frequent signal of turbidity current during the sea

  16. Vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling with different vitreous tamponade for idiopathic macular epiretinal membrane

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jie Dong

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available AIM: To compare visual outcomes, central foveal thickness(CFT, and postoperative complications after vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane(ILMpeeling, with balanced salt solution(BSSor gas tamponade, for the treatment of idiopathic macular epiretinal membrane(IMEM. METHODS: Retrospective clinical study. 44 patients with IMEM were included in this study. All patients had undergone vitrectomy and ILM peeling. Eyes were divided into two groups: 20 eyes in group A with BSS tamponade. 24 patients in group B with gas tamponade(11 eyes were injected with filtered air and 13 eyes with perfluoropropane,100mL/L C3F8. The follow-up period was 12-16(mean 13months. The following parameters were collected and compared: best-corrected visual acuity(BCVAand CFT(at baseline and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively, intraocular pressure(IOP(at baseline and on the 1th,7th day, 1, 3 months postoperatively. RESULTS: BCVA significantly improved, and 29 of 44 eyes(65.9%achieved visual recovery≥0.2 logMAR. There were no significant differences between group A and group B in mean baseline logMAR BCVA(0.53±0.18 vs 0.52±0.14; P>0.05and final logMAR BCVA(0.31±0.14 vs 0.28±0.09; P>0.05. With respect to OCT parameters, the mean CFT at 12 months(285.25±70.07μmwas significantly decreased from that of the baseline(407.82±97.00μm,(Z=4.29, Pvs 406.46±88.76μm; P>0.05and final CFT(287.60±66.94μm vs 283.29±73.95μm; P>0.05. With respect to IOP, there were no significant differences between group A and group B at mean baseline and on the 7th day, 1, 3 months postoperatively(P>0.05. The IOP in group A was significant lower at 1th postoperative day compared with group B(Z=3.12, PCONCLUSION: Vitrectomy and ILM peeling can significantly improve the visual acuity and decrease the CFT no matter with gas or with BSS tamponade, there were no significant differences in clinical outcomes, but it is neither necessary for patients with BSS tamponade to maintain a prone

  17. Atık Alüminyum Polietilen (Tetrapak ve Pirinç Sapı Kullanılarak Üretilen Ahşap Polimer Kompozitlerin Mekanik Davranışlarının Belirlenmesi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alperen KAYMAKCI

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available ÖzetBu çalışmada pirinç sapı unu ile güçlendirilmiş alüminyum polietilen esaslı polimer kompozitlerin bazı mekanik özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda pirinç sapı unu, alüminyum polietilen ve uyum sağlayıcı ajan (MAPE ikiz vidalı bir ekstruder içerisinde karıştırılarak pellet elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen pelletler enjeksiyon kalıplama makinesi kullanılarak mekanik özellikleri belirlemek için gerekli olan numunelerin üretimi sağlanmıştır. Pirinç sapı unu miktarının artmasıyla üretilen alüminyum polietilen esaslı polimer kompozitlerin eğilme ve çekme modüllerinde artış olduğu belirlenmiştir ancak eğilme ve çekme direnci değerlerinde bir miktar azalma tespit edilmiştir. Alüminyum polietilen esaslı polimer kompozit üretiminde kullanılan maleik anhidrit polietilen uyum sağlayıcı ajanın mekanik özellikleri üzerine olumlu etki yaptığı belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmayla maleik anhidrit polietilen ile muamele edilen alüminyum esaslı polietilen kompozitlerin kabul edilebilir mekanik özellikleri dolayısıyla taban döşeme malzemesi olarak kullanılabileceği belirtilmiştir.AbstractIn this study, we evaluated some mechanical properties of aluminum polyethylene (Tetra Pak composites reinforced with rice husk flour. To meet this objective, rice husk flour was compounded with aluminum polyethylene with coupling agent (MAPE in a twin screw co-rotating extruder and then was manufactured by injection molding process. The modulus in the flexural and tensile improved with increasing rice husk flour content while the tensile and flexural strengths of the samples decreased. The use of maleic anhydride polyethylene had a positive effect on the mechanical properties of the aluminum polyethylene composites reinforced with rice husk flour. This work showed that the composites treated with maleated polyethylene could be efficiently used as decking products, due to satisfactory

  18. Presumed Multiple Metasomatism underneath the Colorado Plateau; Decoding from Chemistry and Inclusion/Lamella Mineralogy of Diverse Garnets from the Garnet Ridge, Northern Arizona

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sato, Y.; Ogasawara, Y.

    2015-12-01

    Various garnets containing the information on mantle petrology and related metasomatism occur at the Garnet Ridge, Colorado Plateau. The origins of garnets range from deep mantle to shallow continental crust. These garnets were delivered by kimberlitic diatreme of 30 Ma (Smith et al. 2004). We have classified the garnets into 10 groups (A to J, see figure) by naked eye observation, major chemistry, minor Na-Ti-P, inclusion/lamella mineralogy. Among them, groups A to D are of mantle origin, E to G of subducted oceanic crust origin, and H to J of continental crust origin. We summarized results as in the followings. A: Cr and pyrope-rich garnet has Cr2O3(0.8-6.3 wt.%) and inclusions of Ol, Cpx, Opx, Ti-Chu/Chn and carbonates, indicating carbonated garnet lherzolites as host. Cr contents negatively correlates with Na-Ti-P contents and occurrence of exsolved Rt, Ilm and crichtonite. This indicates Cr-rich end-member is the most "primitive" mantle garnet before metasomatism. B: Pyrope-rich reddish brown garnet of peridotitic origins was subdivided into 4 subgroups (B1 to B4, see figure). Compositional range in Ca-Mg-Fe triangle expands to Fe-rich side from group A. Exsolved Na-bearing amphibole and inclusions of Ap, carbonates and fluid were identified. These indicate metasomatism of group A. C: Garnet megacryst is coarse-grained garnet (2-10 cm across) with crystal faces. This garnet has wide chemical variation plotted in the center area of Ca-Mg-Fe triangle. D: Garnet aggregate has similar chemistry of group C and is composed of several grains. Grain boundaries of garnet were recognized by Rt, Ilm and other minerals and oscillatory zonings of Ca, Mg, Fe and Na-Ti-P. Fluid inclusions of groups C and D suggest these garnets might crystalized from fluid. E: Garnet in eclogite and F: Garnet in metasomatized eclogite are xenolith samples (the Fallaron Plate origin?). Aggregate of Zo+Ab contained in group E indicates decomposed precursor lawsonite inclusion. G: Quartz

  19. Projecting Homes: Domestic Spaces in Three Filipino Films

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tito R. Quiling Jr.

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available The house is a fundamental space for a character’s consciousness, and this structure is a familiar image in Filipino f ilms. This particular space as a setting in which the narrative and the characters are able to move in, is essential. This paper analyzes the influence of domestic spaces and the characteristics of home, which correspond to the characters’ consciousness and the narrative. These are presented in the selected films: Oro, Plata, Mata (1982 by Peque Gallaga, “Hellow, Soldier,” the second episode in Lino Brocka’s Tatlo, Dalawa, Isa (1975, and Kisapmata (1981 by Mike De Leon. The method for assessment consists of three parts: (1 the background in which the films are set, (2 the influence of the house using Gaston Bachelard’s notion of the house in The Poetics of Space (1994 as a framework, (3 and the behavior of the characters as portrayed in the films. The significance of domestic spaces to a character’s experience is illustrated in the selected texts.

  20. Kunstisuvi 2008, teine osa / Andri Ksenofontov

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Ksenofontov, Andri, 1962-

    2008-01-01

    Sirje Runge tööde näitus Eesti Panga galeriis. Aneri Kärkkäineni ja Elis Saarevälja näitus "Sad Sack" ArtDepoo galeriis. Nadezhda Tshernobai "Kollase süütuse suudlus", Ilme Rätsepa kangamaalid "Kolmainsus" ning Kadri Kangilaski ja Toomas Tõnissoo maalinäitus "Perekonnaelu" Draakoni galeriis. Kati Kerstna ja Kairi Orgusaare "Läbivaade" Tallinna Kunstihoone galeriis. Mare Saare "Fragiilid" ja Alice Kase tööd Hobusepea galeriis. Ulvi Haagenseni "Antipoodid" HOP galeriis. Alvar Reisneri "Extra & Ordinary" Vaal-galeriis. Liisi Eelmaa videoinstallatsioon-aktsioon "Õnnekeeks" (11. VII), Minna Hindi interaktiivne installatsioon "Ainult täna õhtul: Minna Hint" (18. VII), Sirli Heina maal "Kirsitort" (16. VII) Artishoki näitusel Tallinna Linnagaleriis. Ado Lille "Nude alive" Haus galeriis. Toomas Altnurme "Metafüüsika seitsmes dimensioon" SEBi galeriis. 5. VII toimunud kunstinädala "Kultuurikatapuldid 2008" üritused (esinejad: Linnar Priimägi, Jüri Ojaver, Erik Alalooga, Siim-Tanel Annus, E. Saareväli, Jaan Toomik, Kiwa) Haapsalus

  1. Delayed, spontaneous conversion of type 2 closure to type 1 closure following surgery for traumatic macular hole associated with submacular hemorrhage

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pukhraj Rishi

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available A 45-year-old man presented with diminution of vision in the left eye following a firecracker injury. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA was 20/20 in the right eye and 20/125 in the left eye. Fundus examination revealed vitreous hemorrhage, a macular hole, and submacular hemorrhage in the left eye. The patient underwent vitrectomy, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA-assisted evacuation of the submacular hemorrhage, internal limiting membrane (ILM peeling, and 14% C3F8 gas insufflation. After two months, the BCVA remained 20/125 and optical coherence tomography (OCT showed type 2 macular hole closure. On a follow-up, seven months after surgery, BCVA improved to 20/80, N6, with type 1 closure of the macular hole. The clinical findings were confirmed on OCT. Delayed and spontaneous conversion of the traumatic macular hole could occur several months after the primary surgery and may be associated with improved visual outcome. Larger studies are required to better understand the factors implicated in such a phenomenon.

  2. Jaghmīnī’s Mulakhkhaṣ an Islamic introduction to Ptolemaic astronomy

    CERN Document Server

    Ragep, Sally P

    2016-01-01

    This book provides the only critical edition and English translation of Maḥmūd al-Jaghmīnī’s al-Mulakhkhaṣ fī al-hayʾa al-basīṭa, the most widely circulated Arabic treatise on Ptolemaic astronomy ever written. Composed in the early 13th century, this introductory textbook played a crucial role in the teaching, dissemination, and institutional instruction of Islamic astronomy well into the 19th century (and beyond). Establishing the base text is a fundamental prerequisite for gaining insights into what was considered an elementary astronomical textbook in Islam and also for understanding the extensive commentary tradition that built upon it. Within this volume, the Mulakhkhaṣ is situated within the broader context of the genre of literature termed ʿilm al-hayʾa, which has become the subject of intensive research over the past 25 years. In so doing, it provides a survey of summary accounts of theoretical astronomy of Jaghmīnī’s predecessors, both Ancient and Islamic, which could have serve...

  3. The Professorial Chair (kursī ‘ilmī or kursī li-l-wa‘ẓ wa-l-irshād in Morocco

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Erzini, Nadia

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Moroccan congregational mosques are equipped with a minbar (pulpit which is used for the Friday sermon. Many mosques in Morocco are also equipped with one or more smaller chairs, which differ in their form and function from the minbar. These chairs are used by professors to give regular lectures to students of traditional education, and by scholars to give occasional lectures to the general public. This tradition of the professorial chair was probably introduced to Morocco from the Middle East in the thirteenth century. Most of the existing chairs in Morocco seem to date from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and they continue to be made and used today. The chairs always have two steps, a seat, a backrest and armrests. This form probably evokes the original minbar of the Prophet in Medina, which had two steps and a seat, and this is one of many aspects of the conservatism and se parate evolution of Moroccan Malikism.Las mezquitas congregacionales en Marruecos suelen tener un almimbar (p?lpito que se utiliza durante el sermón de los viernes. Muchas mezquitas de Marruecos cuentan también con una o más sillas, diferenciadas del almimbar en su forma y su función ya que son utilizadas por los profesores para ensenar a los estudiantes de la educación tradicional, y por eruditos que dan conferencias ocasionales al p?blico en general. Esta tradición de cátedras se introduce probablemente en Marruecos desde Próximo Oriente en el siglo XIII. La mayoría de las cátedras existentes parecen datar de los siglos XIX y XX, manteniéndose hasta nuestros días la fabricación y utilización de estas sillas. Las cátedras siempre tienen dos peldanos, un asiento, un respaldo y apoyabrazos. La forma de las sillas parece evocar el almimbar original del Profeta en Medina, tradición que se muestra como uno de los muchos aspectos del conservadurismo y de la evolución distinta del Malikismo marroquí.

  4. „Pokłosie. Zbieranka literacka na korzyść sierot”

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Katarzyna Gmerek

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Tematem artykułu jest historia noworocznika literackiego „Pokłosie”, wydawanego w latach 1852-1861 w Wielkopolsce (Leszno, później Poznań, część Polski należąca do Prus. Specyfiką tytułu było połączenie trzech czynników: elitarnej zawartości literackiej, regularności wydawania oraz przeznaczenia całkowitego dochodu ze sprzedaży na lokalny cel charytatywny. W połowie XIX wieku region Wielkopolski nawiedziły klęski nieurodzaju, głodu i chorób, jakie dotknęły dużą część Europy. W rezultacie połączenia epidemii cholery oraz kryzysu ekonomicznego pojawiła się pilna potrzeba zorganizowania pomocy dla sierot i innych ubogich. Grupa ziemian wielkopolskich i księży katolickich z okolic Gostynia stworzyła Instytut Gostyński (szpital i sierociniec. Najbardziej aktywny działacz, Edmund Bojanowski z Grabonoga, zbudował także sieć ochronek dla dzieci wiejskich. Dla wsparcia wyżej wymienionych inicjatyw Bojanowski założył czasopismo literackie „Pokłosie”. W zdobywaniu materiałów, redagowaniu, korekcie i dystrybucji „Pokłosia” pomagało mu wielu ochotników; jedynymi osobami, które pobierały opłaty za swą pracę, byli wydawcy i księgarze. Najbliższym współpracownikiem Bojanowskiego był Stanisław Egbert Koźmian, krytyk i tłumacz, redaktor „Przeglądu Poznańskiego”, który dostarczał do „Pokłosia” materiały niewykorzystane w „Przeglądzie”, nie tyle słabsze, ile nieodpowiadające konserwatywnemu profilowi pisma. Przyjęto zasadę, że „Pokłosie” publikuje tylko pierwodruki i przez cały czas pismo zachowywało wysoki poziom. Noworocznik miał urozmaiconą zawartość, ponieważ publikowali w nim autorzy reprezentujący różne prądy literackie i orientacje polityczne. Za przyczynę zaprzestania wydawania „Pokłosia” uznać należy zarówno problemy finansowe, jak i narastające represje polityczne w prowincji, utrudniające wydawanie publikacji w języku polskim.

  5. Influence of DMPS on the water retention capacity of electroporated stratum corneum: ATR-FTIR study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sckolnick, Maria; Hui, Sek-Wen; Sen, Arindam

    2008-02-28

    Anionic lipids like phosphatidylserine are known to significantly enhance electroporation mediated transepidermal transport of polar solutes of molecular weights up to 10kDa. The underlying mechanism of the effect of anionic lipids on transdermal transport is not fully understood. The main barrier to transdermal transport lies within the intercellular lipid matrix (ILM) of the stratum corneum (SC) and our previous studies indicate that dimyristoyl phosphatidylserine (DMPS) can perturb the packing of this lipid matrix. Here we report on our investigation on water retention in the SC following electroporation in the presence and the absence of DMPS. The water content in the outer most layers of the SC of full thickness porcine skin was determined using ATR-FTIR-spectroscopy. The results show that in the presence of DMPS, the SC remains in a state of enhanced hydration for longer periods after electroporation. This increase in water retention in the SC by DMPS is likely to play an important role in trans-epidermal transport, since improved hydration of the skin barrier can be expected to increase the partitioning of polar solutes and possibly the permeability.

  6. Hip and pelvis diseases on lumbar AP radiographs including both hip joints

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Lim, Hyun Soo; Juhng, Seon Kwan; Kim, Eun A; Kim, Jeong Ho; Song, Ha Heon; Shim, Dae Moo [Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan (Korea, Republic of)

    2002-12-01

    To determine the frequency of disease, and to evaluate the methods used for lumbar spine radiography in Korea. Sixty university and training hospitals were randomly selected and asked to describe the projections, film size and radiographic techniques employed for routine radiography in patients with suspected disease of the lumbar spine. Plain radiographs of 1215 patients, taken using 14x17 inch film and depicting both hip joints and the lumbar region, were analysed between March 1999 and February 2000. In 15 patients (1.2%), the radiographs revealed hip or pelvic lesion, confirmed as follows: avascular necrosis of the femoral head (n=11, with bilateral lesion in four cases); sustained ankylosing spondylitis (n=2); acetabular dysplasia (n=1); and insufficiency fracture of the pubic rami secondary to osteoporosis (n=1). In 11 or the 20 hospitals which responded, 14{sup x}17{sup f}ilm was being used for lumbar radiography, while in the other nine, film size was smaller. Plain radiography of the lumbar spine including both hip joints, may be a useful way to simultaneously evaluate lesions not only of the lumbar spine but also of the hip and/or pelvis.

  7. Thermodynamic heuristics with case-based reasoning: combined insights for RNA pseudoknot secondary structure.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Al-Khatib, Ra'ed M; Rashid, Nur'Aini Abdul; Abdullah, Rosni

    2011-08-01

    The secondary structure of RNA pseudoknots has been extensively inferred and scrutinized by computational approaches. Experimental methods for determining RNA structure are time consuming and tedious; therefore, predictive computational approaches are required. Predicting the most accurate and energy-stable pseudoknot RNA secondary structure has been proven to be an NP-hard problem. In this paper, a new RNA folding approach, termed MSeeker, is presented; it includes KnotSeeker (a heuristic method) and Mfold (a thermodynamic algorithm). The global optimization of this thermodynamic heuristic approach was further enhanced by using a case-based reasoning technique as a local optimization method. MSeeker is a proposed algorithm for predicting RNA pseudoknot structure from individual sequences, especially long ones. This research demonstrates that MSeeker improves the sensitivity and specificity of existing RNA pseudoknot structure predictions. The performance and structural results from this proposed method were evaluated against seven other state-of-the-art pseudoknot prediction methods. The MSeeker method had better sensitivity than the DotKnot, FlexStem, HotKnots, pknotsRG, ILM, NUPACK and pknotsRE methods, with 79% of the predicted pseudoknot base-pairs being correct.

  8. Magistritööde kaitsmine : [Kaja Tiisel jt.

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    1999-01-01

    3. veebr. '99 kaitses Kaja Tiisel TPÜ infoteaduste magistrikraadi kaitsmisnõukogus magistritööd "Tallinna Toomkooli raamatukogu arengulugu ning koostis"; 4. märtsil Uno Ilm TPÜ psühholoogia magistrikraadi kaitsmisnõukogus magistritööd "Süüdimõistetute kriminaalne subkultuur slängis ja tätoveeringutes"; 11. mail Katri Laurimaa TPÜ filoloogiateaduste magistrikraadi kaitsmisnõukogus magistritööd "Muinasjutu "Vahetatud naine" (AT 403B) eesti teisendid rahvusvahelises kontekstis" ja Julia Šamarina TPÜ filoloogiateaduste magistrikraadi kaitsmisnõukogus magistritööd "Sugupoolte küsimus Angela Carteri loomingus (Gender Issues in Angela Carters' Writing)"; 13. mail Tatjana Gramušnjak TPÜ matemaatika magistritööde kaitsmisnõukogus magistritööd "Positiivselt määratud ruutvormide C-tüüpide leidmise probleemidest"; 25. mail Ljudmila Dubjeva TPÜ infoteaduste osakonna magistrikraadi kaitsmisnõukogus magistritööd "Traditsiooniliste infosüsteemide kujunemine Tartu Ülikooli raamatukogus"; 26. mail Ülle Saarits TPÜ kasvatusteaduste ja pedagoogika magistrikraadi kaitsmisnõukogus magistritööd "Vanavanema roll linnaperekonnas : lapsevanema refleksioon" ja Enn Siim TPÜ kasvatusteaduste ja pedagoogika magistrikraadi kaitsmisnõukogus magistritööd "Isiksuse arengu põhimõte aktiivõppes (põhikooli algastmes)"

  9. PEMIKIRAN TAFSÎR MESIR MODERN J.J.G JANSEN (Telaah atas Karya J.J.G.Jansen The Interpretation of The Koran in Modern Egypt

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Abu Bakar Abu Bakar

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available Abstract: Jansen is a researcher that classifies the work of interpretation (tafsîr into: firstly, an interpretation adopting a modern science but not oppose against the holy Quran, it is called tafsîr  al-‘ilmî. Secondly, an interpretation that is designed to help reader understand the holy Quran or philological interpretation (al-tafsîr  al-lughawî. Thirdly, an interpretation dealing with the Muslim deed and it is called practical interpretation (tafsîr  al-adabî al-ijtimâ’î. Jansen is about to display a short description that covers the answers of explanation inadequacy of the previous researchers’ studies. He mainly clarifies  the history of interpretation and western studies on interpretation developing in Islamic world. As a matter of fact, Jansen’s view is majorly a kind of beginning critical of his attention on interpretation. He focuses the research object on the interpretation of Muhammad Abduh, then he compares it to the other intrepretations that are considered up to standard to be classified into his work of interpretation.   Key Words: al-Qur’ân, tafsîr, dan Jansen  

  10. Hierarchical Kinematic Modelling and Optimal Design of a Novel Hexapod Robot with Integrated Limb Mechanism

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    Guiyang Xin

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available This paper presents a novel hexapod robot, hereafter named PH-Robot, with three degrees of freedom (3-DOF parallel leg mechanisms based on the concept of an integrated limb mechanism (ILM for the integration of legged locomotion and arm manipulation. The kinematic model plays an important role in the parametric optimal design and motion planning of robots. However, models of parallel mechanisms are often difficult to obtain because of the implicit relationship between the motions of actuated joints and the motion of a moving platform. In order to derive the kinematic equations of the proposed hexapod robot, an extended hierarchical kinematic modelling method is proposed. According to the kinematic model, the geometrical parameters of the leg are optimized utilizing a comprehensive objective function that considers both dexterity and payload. PH-Robot has distinct advantages in accuracy and load ability over a robot with serial leg mechanisms through the former's comparison of performance indices. The reachable workspace of the leg verifies its ability to walk and manipulate. The results of the trajectory tracking experiment demonstrate the correctness of the kinematic model of the hexapod robot.

  11. Analysis and chemometry of heavy metal concentrations in the Saale, Ilm and Unstrut as a basis for assessing the pollutant level and the prospects for success of sanitation measures. Final report; Analyse und chemometrische Bewertung von Schwermetallgehalten der Saale, Ilm und Unstrut als Bestandsaufnahme und zur Abschaetzung der Auswirkungen von Sanierungsmassnahmen. Abschlussbericht

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Einax, J.W.; Truckenbrodt, D.; Kampe, O.

    1997-09-01

    Since the mid-1980`s, heavy metal characterisation was carried out on sediments of selected sections of the river Saale and methodical work was done on the analysis of flowing water at the Friedrich Schiller University at Jena. However, there was no comprehensive and current information about the state of contamination along the whole course of the river before. The most important aim was therefore the first and current stocktaking of this extent of contamination of the water, sediment and suspended matter of the Saale. The basis of these considerations was formed by about 15,000 determined features in water samples and more than 1,000 examinations of suspended matter and 4,600 examinations of sediment. In the characterisation of contamination of flowing watercourses, it was generally usual to evaluate the change of individual features according to geographic or time aspects. The application of methods of multi-variate statistics makes it possible to identify anthropogenic and geogenic sources and to discover latent connections. A comprehensive evaluation of the actual contamination situation is possible in this way. (orig./SR) [Deutsch] Seit Mitte der achtziger Jahre werden an der Friedrich-Schiller-Universitaet Jena Schwermetallcharakterisierungen an Sedimenten ausgewaehlter Flussabschnitte der Saale sowie methodische Arbeiten zur Fliessgewaesseranalytik durchgefuehrt. Umfassende und aktuelle Informationen ueber den Belastungszustand entlang des gesamten Flussablaufes gab es jedoch bisher nicht. Wichtigstes Ziel war deshalb eine in diesem Umfang erstmalige und aktuelle Bestandsaufnahme zur Belastung von Wasser, Sediment und Schwebstoffe der Saale. Die Grundlage dieser Betrachtungen bilden ca. 15.000 bestimmte Merkmale in Wasserproben und mehr als 1.000 Schwebstoff- und 4.600 Sedimentuntersuchungen. Bei der Belastungscharakterisierung von Fliessgewaessern ist es derzeit allgemein ueblich, die Aenderung einzelner Merkmale nach geographischen oder zeitlichen Aspekten zu bewerten. Die Anwendung von Methoden der multivariaten Statistik ermoeglicht die Identifizierung anthropogener und geogener Quellen und die Aufdeckung latenter Zusammenhaenge. Damit ist eine umfassende Bewertung der tatsaechlichen Belastungssituation moeglich. (orig./SR)

  12. DNA analysis in the case of Kaspar Hauser.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Weichhold, G M; Bark, J E; Korte, W; Eisenmenger, W; Sullivan, K M

    1998-01-01

    In 1828 a mysterious young man appeared in Nürnberg, Germany, who was barely able to speak or walk but could write down his name, Kaspar Hauser. He quickly became the centre of social interest but also the victim of intrigue. His appearance, his origin and assassination in 1833 were, and still are, the source of much debate. The most widely accepted theory postulates that Kaspar Hauser was the son of Grand Duke Carl von Baden and his wife Stephanie de Beauharnais, an adopted daughter of Napoleon Bonaparte. To check this theory, DNA analysis was performed on the clothes most likely worn by Kaspar Hauser when he was stabbed on December 14th, 1833. A suitable bloodstain from the underpants was divided and analysed independently by the Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Munich (ILM) and the Forensic Science Service Laboratory, Birmingham (FSS). Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was sequenced from the bloodstain and from blood samples obtained from two living maternal relatives of Stephanie de Beauharnais. The sequence from the bloodstained clothing differed from the sequence found in both reference blood samples at seven confirmed positions. This proves that the bloodstain does not originate from a son of Stephanie de Beauharnais. Thus, it is becoming clear that Kaspar Hauser was not the Prince of Baden.

  13. Primitive robotic procedures: Automotions for medical liquids in 12th century Asia minor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Necmettin Penbegul

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available In recent years, day by day, robotic surgery applications have increase their role in our medical life. In this article, we reported the discovery of the first primitive robotic applications as automatic machines for the sensitive calculation of liquids such as blood in the literature. Al-Jazari who wrote the book “Elcâmi ‘Beyne’l - ‘ilm ve’l - ‘amel en-nâfi ‘fi es-sınaâ ‘ti’l - hiyel”, lived in Anatolian territory between 1136 and 1206. In this book that was written in the twelfth century, Al-Jazari described nearly fifty graphics of robotic machines and six of them that were designed for medical purposes. We found that some of the robots mentioned in this book are related to medical applications. This book reviews approximately 50 devices, including water clocks, candle clocks, ewers, various automata used for amusement in drink assemblies, automata used for ablution, blood collection tanks, fountains, music devices, devices for water lifting, locks, a protractor, a boat-shaped water clock, and the gate of Diyarbakir City in south-east of Turkey, actually in northern Mesopotamia. We found that automata used for ablution and blood collection tanks were related with medical applications; therefore, we will describe these robots.

  14. Primitive robotic procedures: automotions for medical liquids in 12th century Asia minor.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Penbegul, Necmettin; Atar, Murat; Kendirci, Muammer; Bozkurt, Yasar; Hatipoglu, Namık Kemal; Verit, Ayhan; Kadıoglu, Ates

    2014-12-30

    In recent years, day by day, robotic surgery applications have increase their role in our medical life. In this article, we reported the discovery of the first primitive robotic applications as automatic machines for the sensitive calculation of liquids such as blood in the literature. Al-Jazari who wrote the book "Elcâmi 'Beyne'l - 'ilm ve'l - 'amel en-nâfi 'fi es-sınaâ 'ti'l - hiyel", lived in Anatolian territory between 1136 and 1206. In this book that was written in the twelfth century, Al-Jazari described nearly fifty graphics of robotic machines and six of them that were designed for medical purposes. We found that some of the robots mentioned in this book are related to medical applications. This book reviews approximately 50 devices, including water clocks, candle clocks, ewers, various automata used for amusement in drink assemblies, automata used for ablution, blood collection tanks, fountains, music devices, devices for water lifting, locks, a protractor, a boat-shaped water clock, and the gate of Diyarbakir City in south-east of Turkey, actually in northern Mesopotamia. We found that automata used for ablution and blood collection tanks were related with medical applications; therefore, we will describe these robots.

  15. PESANTREN DAN POLITIK (Sinergi Pendidikan Pesantren dan Kepemimpinan dalam Pandangan KH. M. Hasyim Asy’ari

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    Zaini Tamin Abd Rohim

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available Pesantren and politics are two different terms which may have a synergy in a social reality and a history of archipelago. This study refers to the thought of Hasyim Asy’ari about Islamic education, pesantren, and its role in a national life. Historically, the existence of pesantren aims to preserve Islamic values especially on education and to educate students to be well-knowledged people who are capable of using their knowledge in society and have a noble character. Some studies by Hasyim Asy’ari explain that the goal of Islamic education does not merely bring out education outcome on the cognitive level, but also on the practice level where students can make use of knowledge they have learned or so-called useful knowledge (‘ilm na>fi’. These aforesaid goal becomes the pesantren’s priority which combines intellectual, emotional, and spiritual skills to build a students’ character. Character is a prominent factor in leadership, an ability to step out of the existing culture and make an evolutionary change which is far adaptive. Hence, since Pesantren is valued as a hub of character education, it plays a role to build students’ character either intellectual and social abilities or leadership skills.

  16. Inkâr al-Sunnah pada Aspek Kodifikasi Hadis

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    Zainuddin Mz

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available One aspect that makes a bunch of people does not believe in the existence and role of sunnah is the delay of codification itself. Peoples also considered that hadith’s codified in various references are not what are worth ascribed to the Prophet, but rather a form of the companions comprehension of the Prophet’s directives and statements. That is why, there are different editorial ranges between one companion to another, even the mutawâtir lafzî was not separated from this editorial differences. This paper high lights how was the process of hadith codification, so that we can find a common points which are closely related to the authenticity and validity of a hadith. Studying on such topic (the process of hadith codification and classification, shows how professional the hadith scholars in memorizing and maintaining Sunnah of the Prophet, to bring the science of isnâd (‘ilm al-isnâd which is never possessed by any other religion. This is the climax of the way clergy maintaining the authenticity of the Prophet sayings. That is, whenever one states todays about a hadith, definitely, its authenticity and validity would be detected through the scienc.

  17. YAPAY SİNİR AĞLARI KULLANILARAK BAĞ BUDAMA ARTIKLARINDAN ÜRETİLEN YONGA LEVHALARIN ÖZELLİKLERİNİN TAHMİN EDİLMESİ

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hüseyin GÜRÜLER

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmada, yonga levha hammaddesi olarak beş farklı oranda, bağ budama yongaları ve odun yongaları kullanılmıştır. Öncelikle küçük boyutlu numune paneller üç katmanlı olarak (56x56x2 cm üretilmiştir. Bu levhaların; fiziksel (kalınlığına şişme, su alma ve mekaniksel (eğilme direnci, elastikiyet modülü, iç yapışma ve vida tutma özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Direk ölçüm alma metodu en güvenilir metot olmasına rağmen çok karmaşık ve zaman alıcıdır. Üstelik her oran uygulanabilir değildir. Bu nedenle girdi-çıktı haritalamada en güçlü araçlar olan esnek (yazılımsal hesaplama yöntemleri tercih edilmiştir. Bu aşamada, yapay sinir ağları (YSA tahmin amaçlı kullanıldı. Sonuçlar yapay sinir ağları sisteminin zamandan ve maliyetten kazanç sağlayarak yonga levhaların özelliklerinin belirlenmesinde yetkin olduğunu göstermektedir

  18. Six-month postoperative outcomes of intraoperative OCT-guided surgical cystotomy for refractory cystoid macular edema in diabetic eyes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Asahina Y

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available Yuichi Asahina, Naoko Tachi, Yumi Asahina, Kayoko Yoshimura, Yoshiki Ueta, Yoshihiro Hashimoto Eye Center, Shinseikai Toyama Hospital, Imizu, Toyama, Japan Purpose: This study evaluated the outcomes of surgical cystotomy for recurrent diabetic cystoid macular edema (CME.Patients and methods: We analyzed 20 eyes with a clinical diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy and refractory CME. Release of vitreoretinal adhesion, epiretinal membrane (ERM and internal limiting membrane (ILM peeling and cystotomy guided by intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT were performed in every patient. Pars plana vitrectomy was also performed in 17 patients, 11 of whom also underwent lensectomy and intraocular lens implantation. Central retinal thickness (CRT, central minimum macular thickness (CMMT, macular volume (MV and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA were compared preoperatively and 1 and 6 months post surgery.Results: CRT, CMMT and MV significantly improved 1 and 6 months post surgery in each group (P<0.01. Significant improvements in BCVA were only observed 6 months post surgery (P<0.01. No intra- or postoperative complications were observed in all patients.Conclusion: CRT, CMMT, MV and BCVA significantly improved 6 months following surgical cystectomy. This implies that iOCT-guided cystotomy could be another treatment option for refractory CME in diabetic eyes. Keywords: diabetic retinopathy, cystoid macular edema, intraoperative OCT, cystotomy

  19. S-34: Üst Düzey U-14 Erkek Futbolcuların Lig Performansları ve Psikolojik Duygu Durum İlişkisi

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    Raziye Dut

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available GİRİŞ: Her spor dalında olduğu gibi futbolda da futbol oynama amacı, bireysel psikolojik farklılıklar futbolcunun lig performansını etkileyebilmektedir. Özellikle adolesan döneminde fiziksel ve psikolojik farklılıklar oldukça yoğun ve labil yaşanmaktadır. Bu değişikliklerin futbolcunun lig performansına yansıması çoğu zaman kaçınılmaz olabilmektedir. AMAÇ: Aynı kronolojik yaşta milli takım seçilme kampına davet edilmiş erkek futbolcuların lig performansları ve psikolojik duygu durum ilişkilerini incelemektir.GEREÇ-YÖNTEM: 2016-2017 sezonunda U-14 yaş kategorisinde milli takıma seçilme kampına davet edilen 288 sporcudan akademi liglerinde oynayan 158 erkek futbolcu çalışmaya dahil edildi. İlk yarı dönemdeki maç, gol, toplam dakika, sarı/ kırmızı kart sayıları sporda güdülenme ölçeği (SGÖ, kovaks depresyon anketi (KOVAKS, çocuklarda anksiyete tarama ölçeği (ÇATÖ kullanılarak psikolojik duygu durum ilişkisi incelendi. Nicel veriler ortalama ± Standart Sapma (SS ile özetlendi. Gruplar arası farklılıkların saptanmasında chi-square, Mann-Whitney, ANOVA, post hoc Tukey, korelasyon için Spearman testleri kullanıldı. P0,05. SDÖ puanları ile maç (r=-0,136, p=0,045, toplam oynadıkları dakika (r=-0,149, p=0,032, gol sayıları (r=-0,139, p=0,043 arasında düşük negatif korelasyon saptandı. 1. yaş çeyreğinde olanlarda daha fazla patolojik KOVAKS puanı (p=0,003. 1.yaş çeyreğinde SDÖ puanları 2.yaş çeyreğine göre düşüktü (p=0,041.SONUÇ: Spocuların oynadıkları maç sayısının azalmasıyla sporda güdülenmemenin artığı ve attıkları gol sayısıyla özdeşimler düzenlemenin arttiğı saptandı. Psikolojik duygu durum dalgalanmasının sık yaşandığı adolesan döneminde yarışma kaygısı futbol gibi takım oyununda oyuna yansıması kaçınılmaz olabilir. Çalışmanın geniş kitlelerde yapılarak hassas bir dönem olan adolesan d

  20. Long-term changes of macular retinal thickness after idiopathic macular hole surgery

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yan Yang

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available AIM:To determine the changes of regional macular retinal thickness(RTwith spectral domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCTafter successful pars plana vitrectomy(PPVsurgery with inner limiting membrane(ILMpeeling in patients with idiopathic macular hole.METHODS:A non-randomized retrospective case study on 17 patients(17 eyeswho were hospitalized between March 1, 2011 and June 30, 2013. All 17 eyes had been diagnosed with idiopathic macular hole and thereafter underwent 25G-PPV surgeries performed by the same surgeon with ILM peeling and short-term gas tamponade. In the 6mo-plus follow-up after surgery, these eyes were found to have successful closure in the macular hole. The macular RT of the nine areas in the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study was measured by SD-OCT. All patients were applied by SD-OCT with linear scan of the macular. At least four examinations on the operated eye were conducted in contrast to the other normal eye: before the surgery, 3~5wk after the surgery(stage A, 2~3mo after the surgery(stage B, and >6mo after the surgery(stage C.RESULTS:In stage A, the macular RT of operated eyes in the areas of C, IS, II, IN, OS, OI, ON(263.00±39.48, 313.92±18.35, 311.00±18.02, 335.67±19.91, 280.83±33.74, 269.92±23.32, 307.00±28.40were significantly thicker than the corresponding areas of the normal fellow eyes(220.51±23.94, 292.08±21.93, 282.50±20.30, 288.33±20.76, 251.25±17.60, 247.75±21.48, 265.17±24.76μm(PP>0.01. In Stage B, the macular RT in the areas of II, IN, OS(335.67±19.20,319.75±19.20, 273.50±16.89μmwere significantly thicker than the corresponding areas of the normal fellow eyes(286.33±20.46, 293.42±17.64, 252.50±16.32μm(PP> 0.01. In Stage C, the macular RT of operated eyes with the areas of IN(321.17±19.71μmwere significantly thicker than the corresponding areas of the normal fellow eyes(296.25±19.57μm(PP>0.01. Moreover, the macular RT of operated eyes in the areas of ON, IT(307.00±28

  1. Chemical Looping Combustion of Solid Fuels in a 10 kWth Unit Combustion de charge solide en boucle chimique dans une unité de 10 kWth

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Berguerand N.

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available The present study is based on previous results from batch experiments which were conducted in a 10 kWth chemical looping combustor for solid fuels using ilmenite, an iron titanium oxide, as the oxygen carrier with two solid fuels: a Mexican petroleum coke and a South African bituminous coal. These experiments involved testing at different fuel reactor temperatures, up to 1030°C, and different particle circulation rates between the air and fuel reactors. Previous results enabled modeling of the reactor system. In particular, it was possible to derive a correlation between measured operational data and actual circulation mass flow, as well as a model that describes the carbon capture efficiency as a function of the residence time and the char reactivity. Moreover, the kinetics of char conversion could be modeled and results showed good agreement with experimental values. The purpose of the present study was to complete these results by developing a model to predict the conversion of syngas with ilmenite in the fuel reactor. Here, kinetic data from investigations of ilmenite in TGA and batch fluidized bed reactors were used. Results were compared with the actual conversions during operation in this 10 kWth unit. Cette étude est basée sur des résultats antérieurs obtenus dans une unité de combustion de charges solides en boucle chimique d’une puissance de 10 kWth. Le transporteur d’oxygène utilisé est de l’ilménite, un minerai de fer et de titane, et les charges solides étudiées sont, d’une part, un coke de pétrole mexicain et, d’autre part, un charbon bitumineux sud africain. Les résultats expérimentaux ont été obtenus à des températures allant jusqu’à 1030°C avec différents débits de transporteur d’oxygène entre les réacteurs d’oxydation et de réduction. La modélisation de la combustion en boucle chimique de charges solides a déjà permis d’établir une corrélation entre le débit de circulation de

  2. Fundus auto fluorescence and spectral domain ocular coherence tomography in the early detection of chloroquine retinopathy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Megan B. Goodman

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available Purpose: To determine the sensitivity of spectral domain ocular coherence tomography (SD-OCT and fundus auto fluorescence (FAF images as a screening test to detect early changes in the retina prior to the onset of chloroquine retinopathy. Method: The study was conducted using patients taking chloroquine (CQ, referred by the Rheumatology Department to the Ophthalmology Department at Tygerberg Academic Hospital. Group A consisted of 59 patients on CQ for less than 5 years, and Group B consisted of 53 patients on CQ for more than 5 years. A 200 × 200 macula thickness map, 5-line raster SD-OCT on a Carl Zeiss Meditec Cirrus HD-OCT and FAF images on a Carl Zeiss Meditec Visucam 500 were recorded for 223 eyes. Images were reviewed independently, and then those of Groups A and B compared. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between Groups A and B. The criteria included the internal limiting membrane and the retinal pigment epithelium (ILM-RPE thickness, interdigitation zone integrity (p = 0.891, df = 1, χ² = 0.1876, ellipsoid zone integrity (p = 0.095, df = 2, χ² = 4.699 and FAF image irregularities (p = 0.479, df = 1, χ²= 4995978. Conclusion: The inclusion of SD-OCT and FAF as objective tests into the prescribed screening guidelines does not appear to simplify the detection of subclinical injury in patients on chloroquine treatment.

  3. Spatial Temporal Modelling of Particulate Matter for Health Effects Studies

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hamm, N. A. S.

    2016-10-01

    Epidemiological studies of the health effects of air pollution require estimation of individual exposure. It is not possible to obtain measurements at all relevant locations so it is necessary to predict at these space-time locations, either on the basis of dispersion from emission sources or by interpolating observations. This study used data obtained from a low-cost sensor network of 32 air quality monitoring stations in the Dutch city of Eindhoven, which make up the ILM (innovative air (quality) measurement system). These stations currently provide PM10 and PM2.5 (particulate matter less than 10 and 2.5 m in diameter), aggregated to hourly means. The data provide an unprecedented level of spatial and temporal detail for a city of this size. Despite these benefits the time series of measurements is characterized by missing values and noisy values. In this paper a space-time analysis is presented that is based on a dynamic model for the temporal component and a Gaussian process geostatistical for the spatial component. Spatial-temporal variability was dominated by the temporal component, although the spatial variability was also substantial. The model delivered accurate predictions for both isolated missing values and 24-hour periods of missing values (RMSE = 1.4 μg m-3 and 1.8 μg m-3 respectively). Outliers could be detected by comparison to the 95% prediction interval. The model shows promise for predicting missing values, outlier detection and for mapping to support health impact studies.

  4. Facile synthesis, characterization and catalytic function of gelatin stabilized gold nanoparticles

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tagar, Z.A.; Sirajuddin, A.; Memon, N.; Kalwar, H.; Junejo, Y.; Hassan, S.S.

    2012-01-01

    In the present investigation, we report a new one phase, one pot method for synthesis of 3.5 :t 0.7 nm average sized gelatin capped gold nano particles (Gel-AuNPs) using strong reductant NaBH/sub 4/ in aqueous system at room temperature. Size controlled Gel-AuNPs were characterized by UV-Visible, STEM, XRD, DLS and Ff -IR. Spherical Gel-AuNPs showed excellent catalytic activity for reduction of three differently charged dyes eosin B (EB), methylene blue (MB) and rose Bengal (RB) in the presence of NaBH/sub 4/. The study revealed that 100% reduction of EB, MB and RB dyes was carried out in just 150 sec. The developed catalyst was easy to recover and capable to be reused three times. The process of reduction rate and kinetics of dyes was monitored using UV-Visible spectrophotometer. A plot of InC V s time (sec) showed that reaction follows the first order kinetics. Rate constant (K) was determined for EB, MB and RB reduction at 10 I.LM, which was found as 2.735 x10-2 sec/sup -1/, 2.738 x 10/sup -2/ sec/sup -1/ and 2.55 x 10/sup -2/ sec/sup -1/, respectively. The study revealed that catalytic reduction of dyes by Gel-AuNPs in aqueous medium is environmental friendly in terms of recovery of catalyst, is exceptionally fast and hence extremely economical. (author)

  5. Ibn Khaldūn’s Social Thought on Bedouin and Ḥaḍar

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    Moh. Pribadi

    2014-12-01

    [Melalui kerangka teori sosiologi modern serta metode penafsiran teks secara historis-sosiologis, penelitian ini berusaha untuk menjelaskan pemikiran sosial Ibn Khaldun tentang masyarakat badui dan ḥaḍar. Ide Ibnu Khaldun tentang masyarakat dapat dilihat pada konsepnya mengenai dua masyarakat ini beserta solidaritas sosial mereka, dengan karakteristik masing-masing. Masyarakat nomaden yang identik dengan masyarakat badui memiliki struktur sosial dan spesifisitas dengan kecenderungan pada kebajikan, ramah, dan keseragaman; sementara masyarakat ḥaḍar memiliki struktur dan kekhasan sosial seperti pluralis, pragmatis, dan hedonis. Dalam hal gaya hidup, masyarakat badui tampak lebih dinamis daripada ḥaḍar. Cara hidup masyarakat badui ditandai dengan terus berpindah dari satu tempat ke tempat lain, dan ini membuat komunitas ini cerdas dalam merumuskan visi, misi, program, dan sasaran yang ingin dicapai dalam hidup. Spesifisitas badui tercermin dalam kesiap-siagaan mereka, satu hal yang tidak terlihat dalam komunitas ḥaḍar. Sementara itu, dengan kemakmuranya, orang ḥaḍar sibuk dengan aktivitas perkotaan dan pembangunan masyarakat sipil. Ibn Khaldun telah berusaha untuk memahami manusia dan keberadaannya secara individu ataupun sosial melalui ‘ilm al-‘umrān. Metodologi sosialnya mencerminkan pandangannya secara keseluruhan melalui pengamatan realitas sosial secara komprehensif. Penulis berpendapat bahwa metodologi sosial Ibn Khaldun yang menggabungkan data dan fakta sosial dengan agama bisa menjadi referensi dan contoh pendekatan yang komprehensif. Ide penting Ibnu Khaldun lainnya adalah tentang perkembangan kecerdasan masyarakat yang meliputi tiga tahap: tamyīzī, tajrībī, dan naẓārī.

  6. White centered retinal hemorrhages in vitamin b(12) deficiency anemia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zehetner, Claus; Bechrakis, Nikolaos E

    2011-05-01

    To report a case of severe vitamin B(12) deficiency anemia presenting with white centered retinal hemorrhages. Interventional case report. A 40-year-old man, general practitioner himself, presented with a 1-day history of diminished left visual acuity and a drop-shaped central scotoma. The corrected visual acuities were 20/20, OD and 20/100, OS. Ophthalmic examination revealed bilaterally pale tarsal conjunctiva, discretely icteric bulbar conjunctiva and disseminated white centered intraretinal hemorrhages with foveal involvement. OCT imaging through these lesions revealed a retinal thickening caused by a sub-ILM accumulation of hyperreflective and inhomogeneous deposits within the nerve fiber layer. Immediate laboratory work-up showed severe megaloblastic anemia caused by vitamin B(12) deficiency requiring erythrocyte transfusions. Most reports of white centered retinal hemorrhages have been described in patients with leukemic retinopathy and bacterial endocarditis. It is interesting that this case of vitamin B(12) deficiency anemia retinopathy has a clinically indistinguishable fundus appearance. This is probably due to the common pathology of capillary disruption and subsequent hemostatic fibrin plug formation. In megaloblastic anemia, direct anoxia results in endothelial dysfunction. The loss of impermeability allows extrusion of whole blood and subsequent diffusion from the disrupted site throughout and above the nerve fiber layer. Therefore the biomicroscopic pattern of white centered hemorrhages observed in anemic retinopathy is most likely due to the clot formation as the reparative sequence after capillary rupture.

  7. Problematika Pendidikan Islam Perspektif Maqâṣid Sharîʻah

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    Rosidin Rosidin

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available The article seeks to reveal problems faced by Islamic education from the perspective of Maqâṣid al-Sharîʻah, namely ideological (h}ifẓ al-dîn, practical (h}ifẓ al-nafs, academic (h}ifẓ al-‘aql, relationships or networks (h}ifẓ al-nasl, vocational (h}ifẓ al-mâl and quality (h}ifẓ al-‘irḍ aspects. In order to know the details of crucial problems of the Islamic education along with their alternative solutions, this paper suggests that the Islamic education should consider the insider’s and outsider’s perspective which has four types of roles as follow: a complete observer; b observer as participant; c participant as observer; d complete participant. This article proposes three important implications, are: first, the problems of the Islamic education can be categorized and mapped based on Maqâṣid al-Sharîʻah, in order to ease the analysis of such problems. Second, the analysis of the problems should be based on the insiders’ and outsiders’ point of views, so that it would be able to comprehensively detect the problems of Islamic education and show the inclusiveness of the Islamic education. Third, problem solving alternatives should be oriented at the level of theological (faith and religious [îmân], theoretical (philosophical and empirical [‘ilm], practical (learning and teaching [‘amal] and moral (ethics and aesthetics [akhlâq] realms.

  8. White Centered Retinal Hemorrhages in Vitamin B12 Deficiency Anemia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claus Zehetner

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available Background: To report a case of severe vitamin B12 deficiency anemia presenting with white centered retinal hemorrhages. Methods: Interventional case report. Results: A 40-year-old man, general practitioner himself, presented with a 1-day history of diminished left visual acuity and a drop-shaped central scotoma. The corrected visual acuities were 20/20, OD and 20/100, OS. Ophthalmic examination revealed bilaterally pale tarsal conjunctiva, discretely icteric bulbar conjunctiva and disseminated white centered intraretinal hemorrhages with foveal involvement. OCT imaging through these lesions revealed a retinal thickening caused by a sub-ILM accumulation of hyperreflective and inhomogeneous deposits within the nerve fiber layer. Immediate laboratory work-up showed severe megaloblastic anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency requiring erythrocyte transfusions. Discussion: Most reports of white centered retinal hemorrhages have been described in patients with leukemic retinopathy and bacterial endocarditis. It is interesting that this case of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia retinopathy has a clinically indistinguishable fundus appearance. This is probably due to the common pathology of capillary disruption and subsequent hemostatic fibrin plug formation. In megaloblastic anemia, direct anoxia results in endothelial dysfunction. The loss of impermeability allows extrusion of whole blood and subsequent diffusion from the disrupted site throughout and above the nerve fiber layer. Therefore the biomicroscopic pattern of white centered hemorrhages observed in anemic retinopathy is most likely due to the clot formation as the reparative sequence after capillary rupture.

  9. Od Redakcji

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Redakcja Czasopisma "Muzealnictwo"

    2018-02-01

    łujemy się także dziś, poszukując pozytywnych, wspierających rozwój państwa wzorców. Pytania o Nowoczesność, refleksje nad Niepodległością, to także myśli o Awangardzie – o tym co znaczyła przed stu laty, co w okresie przywołanym w ostatnim filmie Andrzeja Wajdy Powidoki, co wreszcie znaczy dziś w działalności polskich muzeów. Zapraszam do lektury i pozostaję z szacunkiem dr hab. Piotr Majewski prof. UKSW, Redaktor Naczelny

  10. MENGKRITISI KONSEP ISLAMISASI ILMU ISMAIL RAJI AL-FARUQI: Telaah Pemikiran Ziauddin Sardar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Muhammad Taufik

    2017-12-01

    ilmu. Konsep ilm meniscayakan umat Islam untuk memahami realitas secara utuh. Hal ini telah dilakukan oleh sarjana dan intelektual Muslim klasik, seperti al-Kindi, al-Farabi, al-Ghazali, Ibnu Rusyd dan sarjana klasik lainnya. Akan tetapi, sarjana Muslim kontemporer tampak mengesampingkan peranan epistemologi ini. Sehingga yang terjadi kemudian adalah justru Islam kehilangan jati diri sebagai kekuatan yang punya orientasi epistemologis yang sebenarnya sudah mapan di era klasik. Konsep Islamisasi ilmu populer di tangan al-Faruqi dan juga Naquib al- Attas. Bagi al-Faruqi, Islamisasi ilmu pengetahuan adalah mengislamkan disiplin-disiplin ilmu atau tepatnya menghasilkan buku-buku pegangan (buku dasar di perguruan tinggi, dengan menuangkan kembali disiplin ilmu modern ke dalam wawasan Islam, setelah dilakukan kajian kritis terhadap kedua sistem pengetahuan Islam dan Barat. Selain itu, al-Faruqi juga memberikan langkah-langkah prosedural bagi terlaksanya program Islamisasi ilmu. Penulis menemukan poin penting dari kajian ini bahwa pemikiran Islamisasi ilmu al-Faruqi inilah yang dikritisi oleh Sardar, menurutnya perumusan epistemologi Islam kontemporer tidak dapat dimulai dengan menitikberatkan pada disiplin ilmu yang sudah ada. Sardar mengungkapkan bahwa epistemologi Islam kontemporer dapat dirumuskan dengan dengan mengembangkan paradigma-paradigma di dalam ekspresi-ekspresi eksternal peradaban Muslim yang meliputi sains dan teknologi, politik dan hubungan-hubungan internasional, struktur-struktur sosial dan kegiatan ekonomi, pembangunan desa dan kota. Semua aspek ekspesi eksternal peradaban Muslim tersebut dapat dipelajari dan dikembangan dalam kaitannya dengan kebutuhan-kebutuhan dan realitas kontemporer. Dari sini Sardar sekali lagi menolak Islamisasi ilmu pengetahuan dimulai dari disiplin ilmu yang sudah ada. Hal ini karena disiplin ilmu tersebut tidak sesuai dengan nilai-nilai Islam

  11. Terrestrial Magnetism in Ottoman Empire: Documents and Measurements

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ozcep, Ferhat

    2016-04-01

    In the modern sense, geophysics started with geomagnetic works in the 1600s in Ottoman geography. The period between 1600 and 1800 includes the measurement of magnetic declination, inclination and magnetic field strength. Before these years, there is a little information, such as how to use a compass, in the Kitab-i Bahriye (the Book of Navigation) of Piri Reis, who is one of the most important mariners of the Ottoman Empire. However, this may not mean that magnetic declination was generally understood. The first Turkish scientific book relating to terrestrial magnetism is the book of Fuyuzat-i Miknatissiye that was translated by Ibrahim Müteferrika and printed in 1731. The subject of this book is earth's magnetism. Magnetic compass was mentioned in several books. These areMuhammed al Awfi's "Jami al- Hikayat" (translated into Turkish by Ibn Arabşah); Piri Reis's Kitab-I Bahriye (The Book of "Navigation" or "Seafaring" or "Sea"); Seydi Ali Reis's "Risale-i Mirat-I Kainat min Alat-I Irtifa" (The Treatise called the Mirror of Universe according to the instrument for measuring Altitude) and Kitab Al-"Muhit" Fi˙Ilm'al-Eflak Va'l Abhur (Book of the Regional Seas and the Science of Astronomy and Navigation). There are two original magnetic declination determinations in Istanbul in 1727 and 1893 by Ottoman Turks. Also, many geomagnetic measurements between 1600 and 1917 were carried out during international campaigns in Ottoman geography.This study was carried out in History and Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge and supported by Istanbul University Reseach Project Unite (project Numbver: IRP-49162).

  12. [Epidemiological analysis of selected congenital limb malformations in Hengyang].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Na-Na; Yuan, Yu-Mei; Liu, Yong; Dai, Li; Deng, Chang-Fei; Nie, Xing-Hui; Zheng, Xiang-Chi; Hu, Yan-Zhen; Liu, Yun-Rong

    2013-07-01

    To describe the epidemiological characteristics of selected congenital limb malformations (CLM) in newborns of Hengyang. During the period of 2008-2010, cluster sampling survey was adopted to investigate the congenital limb malformations of neonates born to women resident in Hengyang, including Nanyue District, Zhuhui District, Changning City and Hengshan County. Each newborn was examined for the screening of CLM after birth. Limb malformations were grouped into the isolated (ILM) and the syndromic (SLM) form, depending on associated malformations of the affected. Prevalence rates, CLM spectrum and clinical manifestations were analyzed. A total of 170 CLM cases were identified among 52,307 newborns during the study period, resulting overall rate of 32.50/10(4). The rates for isolated and syndromic CLM were 28.29 and 4.21 per 10 000 births respectively. The rates for polydactyly, congenital talipes equinovarus, syndactyly and limb reduction defects were 13.00/10(4), 9.56/10(4), 5.16/10(4) and 3.63/10(4), respectively. No significant difference in rates of overall CLM or specified CLM was observed across urban-rural, gender and maternal age groups. Of the cases affected by polydactyly, syndactyly and limb reduction defects, malformation involved upper limbs, lower limbs and the both accounted for 68.14%, 14.16% and 17.70%. Preterm birth, low birth-weight, still birth and neonatal death were observed more frequently in syndromic cases than in isolated patients. The high CLM prevalence rate and fatality rate in Hengyang suggest that effective measures should be taken to prevent malformations and to improve survival of the affected.

  13. Diagnosis through rosary and sand: Islamic elements in the healing custom of the Yoruba (Nigeria).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sanni, Amidu

    2002-01-01

    The inhabitants of south western Nigeria are known as the Yoruba. Their earliest contact with Islam goes back to the 14th century, but it was only in the 19th century that the faith got firmly established, as Islamic mores and intellectual culture which included medical tradition - became well entrenched. Before the advent of Islam, diagnosis of ailments, witchcraft attacks etc., was carried out through a traditional procedure which involved the use of palm kernels, cowries, the latter similar to "bone throwing" among the Zulu of South Africa. This traditional system has since lost position to divination with rosary (subha) and sand (khatt al-raml), particularly among Muslims. This development notwithstanding, elements of the indigenous medical tradition medical tradition have been incorporated into the Islamic tradition. Inam Ahmad al-Buni (d.622.H) remains a point of reference among Yorouba Muslim healers and standard works on divination with sand, for example, Ahmad al-Afandi's (fl.1290 A.H.) ilm al-raml and al-Adhami's Mizan al-adl fi masqasis ahkam al-raml (1322.A.H.) continue to be popular. Nevertheless, the native Muslim diviners have developed their own literature for this and for divination with rosary, which betrays the level of their linguistic competence as well as the degree of acculturation and hybridization of indigenous and Islamic elements in a healing custom. This paper will examine how traditional elements had been grafted on Islamic divination, and how the practitioners continue to resolve the inherent contradictions between the two phenomena in their dual role as votaries of the Islamic faith and social workers in a medical tradition with a strong religious underpinning.

  14. Multi-surface segmentation of OCT images with AMD using sparse high order potentials.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Oliveira, Jorge; Pereira, Sérgio; Gonçalves, Luís; Ferreira, Manuel; Silva, Carlos A

    2017-01-01

    In age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the quantification of drusen is important because it is correlated with the evolution of the disease to an advanced stage. Therefore, we propose an algorithm based on a multi-surface framework for the segmentation of the limiting boundaries of drusen: the inner boundary of the retinal pigment epithelium + drusen complex (IRPEDC) and the Bruch's membrane (BM). Several segmentation methods have been considerably successful in segmenting retinal layers of healthy retinas in optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. These methods are successful because they incorporate prior information and regularization. Nonetheless, these factors tend to hinder the segmentation for diseased retinas. The proposed algorithm takes into account the presence of drusen and geographic atrophy (GA) related to AMD by excluding prior information and regularization just valid for healthy regions. However, even with this algorithm, prior information and regularization still cause the oversmoothing of drusen in some locations. Thus, we propose the integration of local shape prior in the form of a sparse high order potentials (SHOPs) into the algorithm to reduce the oversmoothing of drusen. The proposed algorithm was evaluated in a public database. The mean unsigned errors, relative to the average of two experts, for the inner limiting membrane (ILM), IRPEDC and BM were 2.94±2.69, 5.53±5.66 and 4.00±4.00 µ m, respectively. Drusen areas measurements were evaluated, relative to the average of two expert graders, by the mean absolute area difference and overlap ratio, which were 1579.7 ± 2106.8 µ m 2 and 0.78 ± 0.11, respectively.

  15. CHARACTERISTICS OF EPIRETINAL MEMBRANE REMNANT EDGE BY OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY AFTER PARS PLANA VITRECTOMY.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gaber, Raouf; You, Qi Sheng; Muftuoglu, Ilkay Kilic; Alam, Mostafa; Tsai, Frank F; Mendoza, Nadia; Freeman, William R

    2017-11-01

    To evaluate the incidence, characteristics, and the progression of epiretinal membrane (ERM) remnant edge seen by optical coherence tomography after ERM peeling. A retrospective chart review was conducted for 86 eyes of 85 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with ERM and underwent pars plana vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane peeling between 2013 and 2014. Data collected and analyzed included age, gender, preoperative and postoperative visual acuity, use of indocyanine green dye to stain internal limiting membrane, tamponade used after vitrectomy, ERM edge boundaries, presence of cystoid macular edema, and central foveal thickness. An ERM remnant edge was detected in 33/86 study eyes (38.4%) at the first postoperative optical coherence tomography scan. Compared with those without an ERM remnant, patients with an ERM remnant after surgery were significantly older at baseline and had a higher incidence of ERM recurrence at their last visit. They were not significantly different in terms of gender, preoperative and postoperative visual acuity, reduction of central foveal thickness from baseline, proportion of eyes with preoperative ERM elevation on optical coherence tomography, presence of macular edema before surgery, intraoperative use of indocyanine green staining for ILM peeling, or tamponade used. Based on the edge morphology, we classified the ERM remnant into three types: Type 1 was flat and blended with the retina (14/33 eyes, 42.4%), Type 2 was flat but stepped (17/33 eyes, 51.5%), and Type 3 was elevated (2/33 eyes, 6.0%). A significantly higher risk of ERM recurrence was seen in Type 2 and Type 3 ERM remnants (75% and 100%, respectively) than Type 1 ERM remnants (10%). An ERM remnant edge was detected by optical coherence tomography after ERM peeling in 38.4% of eyes. The presence of a postoperative ERM edge was associated with a higher risk of ERM recurrence, particularly in Type 2 and Type 3 ERM remnants.

  16. Localization of endogenous amyloid-β to the coeruleo-cortical pathway: consequences of noradrenergic depletion.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ross, Jennifer A; Reyes, Beverly A S; Thomas, Steven A; Van Bockstaele, Elisabeth J

    2018-01-01

    The locus coeruleus (LC)-norepinephrine (NE) system is an understudied circuit in the context of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and is thought to play an important role in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases involving catecholamine neurotransmitters. Understanding the expression and distribution of the amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide, a primary component of AD, under basal conditions and under conditions of NE perturbation within the coeruleo-cortical pathway may be important for understanding its putative role in pathological states. Thus, the goal of this study is to define expression levels and the subcellular distribution of endogenous Aβ with respect to noradrenergic profiles in the rodent LC and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and, further, to determine the functional relevance of NE in modulating endogenous Aβ 42 levels. We report that endogenous Aβ 42 is localized to tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactive somatodendritic profiles of the LC and dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DβH) immunoreactive axon terminals of the infralimbic mPFC (ILmPFC). Male and female naïve rats have similar levels of amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleavage products demonstrated by western blot, as well as similar levels of endogenous Aβ 42 as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Two models of NE depletion, DSP-4 lesion and DβH knockout (KO) mice, were used to assess the functional relevance of NE on endogenous Aβ 42 levels. DSP-4 lesioned rats and DβH-KO mice show significantly lower levels of endogenous Aβ 42 . Noradrenergic depletion did not change APP-cleavage products resulting from β-secretase processing. Thus, resultant decreases in endogenous Aβ 42 may be due to decreased neuronal activity of noradrenergic neurons, or, by decreased stimulation of adrenergic receptors which are known to contribute to Aβ 42 production by enhancing γ-secretase processing under normal physiological conditions.

  17. S-32: U-14 Yaş Erkek Futbolcuların Teknik-Taktik Değerlendirmesi ve Atletik Performanslarında Relatif Yaşın Etkisi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raziye Dut

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available GİRİŞ: Aynı kronolojik yaşta doğum tarihi erken olanların sporda yetenek seçimlerinde avantajlı oldukları bilinmektedir Ancak spora özgü motivasyonda, fonksiyonel kapasitede relatif yaş etkisinin olmadığını gösteren çalışmalar da vardır. AMAÇ: Aynı kronolojik yaştaki erkek futbolcularda teknik/taktik ve atletik performans değerlendirmelerinde relatif yaş etkisini incelemektir. GEREÇ-YÖNTEM: U-14 milli takım seçilme kampına davet edilen 286 erkek futbolcunun, teknik; topa yatkınlık, yaratıcılık, hava hakimiyeti, orta kalitesi, rakip eksiltme ve şut kalitesi, taktik ise pozisyon bilgisi, erken karar, doğru karar, sezgi-erken uyarı, oyunun iki yönü atak ve savunma alt boyutları (1-10 puanlandırıldı. Dikey sıçrama, 10m-20m-30m hız, YOYO IRT1, dayanıklılık, çabukluk-çeviklik, çıkış hızı, maksimal hız gibi atletik performans puanları ile karşılaştırıldı. Veriler ortanca ve Inter Quartile Rate (IQR ile özetlendi. Gruplar arası farklılıklarda Mann-Whitney, ANOVA, post hoc Tukey testleri kullanıldı. P0,05 idi. SONUÇ: Seçilmiş U-14 yaş kategorisinde teknik-taktik ve atletik performans değerlendirmelerinde relatif yaş etkisi bulamadık. Futbol gibi yüksek performanslı bir takım sporunda yetenek, performans kadar teknik ve taktik de erken dönemde geliştirilmeli, yönlendirilmelidir.

  18. Retinal Thickening and Photoreceptor Loss in HIV Eyes without Retinitis.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cheryl A Arcinue

    Full Text Available To determine the presence of structural changes in HIV retinae (i.e., photoreceptor density and retinal thickness in the macula compared with age-matched HIV-negative controls.Cohort of patients with known HIV under CART (combination Antiretroviral Therapy treatment were examined with a flood-illuminated retinal AO camera to assess the cone photoreceptor mosaic and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT to assess retinal layers and retinal thickness.Twenty-four eyes of 12 patients (n = 6 HIV-positive and 6 HIV-negative were imaged with the adaptive optics camera. In each of the regions of interest studied (nasal, temporal, superior, inferior, the HIV group had significantly less mean cone photoreceptor density compared with age-matched controls (difference range, 4,308-6,872 cones/mm2. A different subset of forty eyes of 20 patients (n = 10 HIV-positive and 10 HIV-negative was included in the retinal thickness measurements and retinal layer segmentation with the SD-OCT. We observed significant thickening in HIV positive eyes in the total retinal thickness at the foveal center, and in each of the three horizontal B-scans (through the macular center, superior, and inferior to the fovea. We also noted that the inner retina (combined thickness from ILM through RNFL to GCL layer was also significantly thickened in all the different locations scanned compared with HIV-negative controls.Our present study shows that the cone photoreceptor density is significantly reduced in HIV retinae compared with age-matched controls. HIV retinae also have increased macular retinal thickness that may be caused by inner retinal edema secondary to retinovascular disease in HIV. The interaction of photoreceptors with the aging RPE, as well as possible low-grade ocular inflammation causing diffuse inner retinal edema, may be the key to the progressive vision changes in HIV-positive patients without overt retinitis.

  19. Ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction of rutin from Chinese medicinal plants.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zeng, Huan; Wang, Yuzhi; Kong, Jinhuan; Nie, Chan; Yuan, Ya

    2010-12-15

    An ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction (ILMAE) method has been developed for the effective extraction of rutin from Chinese medicinal plants including Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Bail. (S. chinensis) and Flos Sophorae. A series of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium ionic liquids with different anions were investigated. The results indicated that the characteristics of anions have remarkable effects on the extraction efficiency of rutin and among the investigated ionic liquids, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([bmim]Br) aqueous solution was the best. In addition, the ILMAE procedures for the two kinds of medicinal herbs were also optimized by means of a series of single factor experiments and an L(9) (3(4)) orthogonal design. Compared with the optimal ionic liquid-based heating extraction (ILHE), marinated extraction (ILME), ultrasonic-assisted extraction (ILUAE), the optimized approach of ILMAE gained higher extraction efficiency which is 4.879 mg/g in S. chinensis with RSD 1.33% and 171.82 mg/g in Flos Sophorae with RSD 1.47% within the shortest extraction time. Reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with ultraviolet detection was employed for the analysis of rutin in Chinese medicinal plants. Under the optimum conditions, the average recoveries of rutin from S. chinensis and Flos Sophorae were 101.23% and 99.62% with RSD lower than 3%, respectively. The developed approach is linear at concentrations from 42 to 252 mg L(-1) of rutin solution, with the regression coefficient (r) at 0.99917. Moreover, the extraction mechanism of ILMAE and the microstructures and chemical structures of the two researched samples before and after extraction were also investigated. With the help of LC-MS, it was future demonstrated that the two researched herbs do contain active ingredient of rutin and ionic liquids would not influence the structure of rutin. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  20. A qualitative readiness-requirements assessment model for enterprise big-data infrastructure investment

    Science.gov (United States)

    Olama, Mohammed M.; McNair, Allen W.; Sukumar, Sreenivas R.; Nutaro, James J.

    2014-05-01

    In the last three decades, there has been an exponential growth in the area of information technology providing the information processing needs of data-driven businesses in government, science, and private industry in the form of capturing, staging, integrating, conveying, analyzing, and transferring data that will help knowledge workers and decision makers make sound business decisions. Data integration across enterprise warehouses is one of the most challenging steps in the big data analytics strategy. Several levels of data integration have been identified across enterprise warehouses: data accessibility, common data platform, and consolidated data model. Each level of integration has its own set of complexities that requires a certain amount of time, budget, and resources to implement. Such levels of integration are designed to address the technical challenges inherent in consolidating the disparate data sources. In this paper, we present a methodology based on industry best practices to measure the readiness of an organization and its data sets against the different levels of data integration. We introduce a new Integration Level Model (ILM) tool, which is used for quantifying an organization and data system's readiness to share data at a certain level of data integration. It is based largely on the established and accepted framework provided in the Data Management Association (DAMADMBOK). It comprises several key data management functions and supporting activities, together with several environmental elements that describe and apply to each function. The proposed model scores the maturity of a system's data governance processes and provides a pragmatic methodology for evaluating integration risks. The higher the computed scores, the better managed the source data system and the greater the likelihood that the data system can be brought in at a higher level of integration.

  1. Petrology, thermobarometry and geochronology of Yelapa Complex: Implications in the tectonic history of the basement of Puerto Vallarta Batholith, Mexico

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gutiérrez Aguilar, F.; Schaaf, P. E. G.; Hernandez-Trevino, T.; Solis-Pichardo, G.; Vite-Sánchez, O.

    2017-12-01

    The Yelapa Complex (YC) is localizated in the north, central and western of Cabo Corrientes in Jalisco, México. Is constituted by metasedimentary, metaigneous and migmatites which are intruded by deformed plutons. The YC are part of the Puerto Vallarta Batholith a body of 9000 km2 exposed at the mid-western part of the Mexican Pacific margin. The para-gneis of YC in the region of Chimo, present a mineral assemblage of Sil + Bt + Pl ± Grt ± Fsp ± Ilm. The orto-gneis in the región of Cabo Corrientes are constituted by Pl + Amp ± Qz ± Ap ± Zrn. Phase equilibria modelling of two paragneis yield peak conditions of 7-8 kbar and 650-700ºC. The patterns of REE of the studied rocks suggest: 1) Enrichment of LREE and flat patterns in HREE with respect to chondrite and; 2) Negative Eu anomaly in all samples analyzed suggesting plagioclase fractionation. On the other hand, the study of individual zircons using LA-ICP-MS from 3 para-gneis and 1 orto-gneis yield following information: 1) A máximum depositional age of 223 Ma, which also show abundant zircón populations with ages between 241-273 Ma for para-gneis and 2) The protolith age crystallization of 127 Ma for orto-gneis. The results along with new Sr-Nd isotopic data from whole rock and Rb-Sr in micas, suggest a tectonic evolution for the Yelapa Complex as a transition from a passive continental margin regime ( 223-273 Ma) to a continental arc setting ( 127). Thus, regional metamorphism and multiple magmatic episodes were associated to the convergence of the Farallon and North America plates during the Middle Jurassic to the Late Cretaceous.

  2. Development of high sensitivity gamma and beta sensors for in situ diffusion tests in the mudstone in France

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lin, Zhenhua

    2017-01-01

    The precise monitoring of radiotracers, for example used for medical imaging, for the storage of ultimate waste, or for certain industrial applications can be a very complex subject. The development of low-noise sensors with long-term stability and high geometric flexibility were engaged by the AXINT company. (Hautefeuille, et al., 2006). My PhD thesis was focused on experiments in the diffusion of radiotracers, typically to monitor the possible leakage of radioactive products from the geological repositories. We focuses on the study of the "2"2Na and "3"6Cl ion diffusion, which is one of the highest cation and anions diffusion rate in geological medium, as well as actinides, which represent the majority of the radioactive elements of Stored nuclear waste. This thesis is in continuity with the research carried out by ANDRA (National Agency for Radioactive Waste), under contract with the laboratory ILM (Institute Light Matter), of which AXINT is the main subcontractor. The present project describes the research work that foreseen the radiation impact on the environment for the coming years during the deep disposal of nuclear waste. Our work focus on the investigation and quantification of the radionuclide diffusion through the geological clay barriers. A new in situ experiment was considered by Andra for the study of the radionuclide migration. Compared to previous experiments, this new in situ diffusion test required longer distance (hundreds of mm), longer time-scale (over 10 years), and real time in situ monitoring of radionuclides migration. To fulfill these conditions, the work was organized as following: 1: Conception and dimensional design of the Diffusion of Radio Nuclide (DRN) experiments in solving emission of beta and gamma radiations 2: Development of corresponding beta and gamma monitoring systems by means of sensors located in peripheral boreholes. (author) [fr

  3. AL FIKR AL BALAGHI FI AL MA’ĂNI ‘INDA AS SAKĂKI FI KITABIHI MIFTAHUL ULUM DIRĂSAH BALAGHIYYAH

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Talqis Nurdianto

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available Miftāhul ‘Ulūm, written by al-Sakākī, especially the third part, was the beginning of a new phase in the development of Arabic rhetoric. Al-Sakākī divided the rhetoric into three fields of study, which are  (1 Ma’ānī, (2 Bayān, (3 Badī’. However, his style is influenced by philosophers, theologians and their verbal lexicon, which are difficult to take, especially for the ordinary recipient. Al-Sakākī described that his book containing several types of literature, namely, ‘ilm ṣarf in complete version and its conclusion, derivation science, and the grammatical study in the completeness of Ma’ānī and Bayān. The meaning of Makna is the study of completeness and conclusion. Therefore, books and prose, and poem require al-‘Arūḍ and al-Qawāfī include Ṣarf, Grammar, Ma’ānī, Bayān, limitation, reasoning, al’Arūḍ, and al-Qawāfī. He argued that the fields of study were influential in delivering knowledge to the student in order to reach the goal of the author towards his book.This research was an analytical descriptive study of al-Sakākī rhetoric that focused on the normative aspect represented by rhetorical rule and aesthetic aspects. Those aspects were shown by the feeling. Al-Sakākī rhetoric thought is a method based on mental division and has conducted in the construction of many factors, which the most important of them are philosophy and logic. Keywords: thought, rhetoric, meanings, sakkaki, study

  4. The Protective Role of PAC1-Receptor Agonist Maxadilan in BCCAO-Induced Retinal Degeneration.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vaczy, A; Reglodi, D; Somoskeoy, T; Kovacs, K; Lokos, E; Szabo, E; Tamas, A; Atlasz, T

    2016-10-01

    A number of studies have proven that pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is protective in neurodegenerative diseases. Permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) causes severe degeneration in the rat retina. In our previous studies, protective effects were observed with PACAP1-38, PACAP1-27, and VIP but not with their related peptides, glucagon, or secretin in BCCAO. All three PACAP receptors (PAC1, VPAC1, VPAC2) appear in the retina. Molecular and immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that the retinoprotective effects are most probably mainly mediated by the PAC1 receptor. The aim of the present study was to investigate the retinoprotective effects of a selective PAC1-receptor agonist maxadilan in BCCAO-induced retinopathy. Wistar rats were used in the experiment. After performing BCCAO, the right eye was treated with intravitreal maxadilan (0.1 or 1 μM), while the left eye was injected with vehicle. Sham-operated rats received the same treatment. Two weeks after the operation, retinas were processed for standard morphometric and molecular analysis. Intravitreal injection of 0.1 or 1 μM maxadilan caused significant protection in the thickness of most retinal layers and the number of cells in the GCL compared to the BCCAO-operated eyes. In addition, 1 μM maxadilan application was more effective than 0.1 μM maxadilan treatment in the ONL, INL, IPL, and the entire retina (OLM-ILM). Maxadilan treatment significantly decreased cytokine expression (CINC-1, IL-1α, and L-selectin) in ischemia. In summary, our histological and molecular analysis showed that maxadilan, a selective PAC1 receptor agonist, has a protective role in BCCAO-induced retinal degeneration, further supporting the role of PAC1 receptor conveying the retinoprotective effects of PACAP.

  5. Osmanlı’da Zaman-Mekân Kavrayışının Değişimi; Edebi Metinler Üzerinden Bir İrdeleme Change In The Ottoman Space-Time Conception; An Inquiry Through Ottoman Literary Texts

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Işıl UÇMAN ALTINIŞIK

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available This study entitled “Change in Ottoman Space-Time Conception:An Inquiry Through Ottoman Literary Texts”, proposes a noveldiscussion on the transformation of Ottoman practices from pre-modernto modern times with the use of recently discovered archival and literarytexts which has been neglected so far in the techno-cultural and socioculturalresearches. In that sense, “change in the Ottoman space-timeconception” is one of the pivotal parameters in order to scrutinize thetransformation of everyday life practices in respect to the changingcontextual phenomena of the pre-modern and the modern, and thispaper attempts to go beyond the prevalent approach of consideringindustrial revolution as the pre-requisite of discussing the socialtransformations brought by modernity. One of the main objectives ofthis study is to examine and visualize the technological, social andcultural processes experienced in the daily life practices that arespecific to the Ottoman realm in relation to the space-time conception.Based on this conceptual framework, the first part named “Müneccims,Muvakkits and the Auspicious Moments: Ottoman Space-TimeConception Before 19th Century” intends to expose the „pre-modernOttoman system‟ in relation to temporal space-time conception rootedin cosmology and nature. Accordingly, the second part under the title“New Space-Time Conception and Modernity in Ottoman Realm” aims toscrutinize the Ottoman experience of modernity in tune with the erosionof cosmological units derived from empirical observation.In this sense „cosmology, astrology (ilm-i nücum, astronomy (ilm-iheyet‟, „müneccimbaşılık ve müneccimler (chief astrologer and theastrologers, „müneccimbaşı takvimleri (chief astrologer calendars‟,„zayiçe (horoscope ve eşref saat (auspicious moment‟ and „muvakkitler,muvakkithaneler‟ are phenomena to be studied. As they display theoperations of the Ottoman psycho-social structure, these

  6. Integration experiences and performance studies of A COTS parallel archive systems

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chen, Hsing-bung [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Scott, Cody [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Grider, Bary [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Torres, Aaron [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Turley, Milton [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Sanchez, Kathy [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Bremer, John [Los Alamos National Laboratory

    2010-01-01

    Current and future Archive Storage Systems have been asked to (a) scale to very high bandwidths, (b) scale in metadata performance, (c) support policy-based hierarchical storage management capability, (d) scale in supporting changing needs of very large data sets, (e) support standard interface, and (f) utilize commercial-off-the-shelf(COTS) hardware. Parallel file systems have been asked to do the same thing but at one or more orders of magnitude faster in performance. Archive systems continue to move closer to file systems in their design due to the need for speed and bandwidth, especially metadata searching speeds such as more caching and less robust semantics. Currently the number of extreme highly scalable parallel archive solutions is very small especially those that will move a single large striped parallel disk file onto many tapes in parallel. We believe that a hybrid storage approach of using COTS components and innovative software technology can bring new capabilities into a production environment for the HPC community much faster than the approach of creating and maintaining a complete end-to-end unique parallel archive software solution. In this paper, we relay our experience of integrating a global parallel file system and a standard backup/archive product with a very small amount of additional code to provide a scalable, parallel archive. Our solution has a high degree of overlap with current parallel archive products including (a) doing parallel movement to/from tape for a single large parallel file, (b) hierarchical storage management, (c) ILM features, (d) high volume (non-single parallel file) archives for backup/archive/content management, and (e) leveraging all free file movement tools in Linux such as copy, move, ls, tar, etc. We have successfully applied our working COTS Parallel Archive System to the current world's first petaflop/s computing system, LANL's Roadrunner, and demonstrated its capability to address requirements of

  7. Integration experiments and performance studies of a COTS parallel archive system

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chen, Hsing-bung [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Scott, Cody [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Grider, Gary [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Torres, Aaron [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Turley, Milton [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Sanchez, Kathy [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Bremer, John [Los Alamos National Laboratory

    2010-06-16

    Current and future Archive Storage Systems have been asked to (a) scale to very high bandwidths, (b) scale in metadata performance, (c) support policy-based hierarchical storage management capability, (d) scale in supporting changing needs of very large data sets, (e) support standard interface, and (f) utilize commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware. Parallel file systems have been asked to do the same thing but at one or more orders of magnitude faster in performance. Archive systems continue to move closer to file systems in their design due to the need for speed and bandwidth, especially metadata searching speeds such as more caching and less robust semantics. Currently the number of extreme highly scalable parallel archive solutions is very small especially those that will move a single large striped parallel disk file onto many tapes in parallel. We believe that a hybrid storage approach of using COTS components and innovative software technology can bring new capabilities into a production environment for the HPC community much faster than the approach of creating and maintaining a complete end-to-end unique parallel archive software solution. In this paper, we relay our experience of integrating a global parallel file system and a standard backup/archive product with a very small amount of additional code to provide a scalable, parallel archive. Our solution has a high degree of overlap with current parallel archive products including (a) doing parallel movement to/from tape for a single large parallel file, (b) hierarchical storage management, (c) ILM features, (d) high volume (non-single parallel file) archives for backup/archive/content management, and (e) leveraging all free file movement tools in Linux such as copy, move, Is, tar, etc. We have successfully applied our working COTS Parallel Archive System to the current world's first petafiop/s computing system, LANL's Roadrunner machine, and demonstrated its capability to address

  8. Science of the Self as Depicted in the Story of the Snake-Catcher : Rumi's Mathnawī in Context

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Amir H. Zekrgoo

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Abstract : The self is always become a central concept in the mysticism tradition, nonetheless for Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī  (d.1207. Through Mathnawī, Rūmī uses metaphors to presents man’s multi-layered self. He communicates through stories with great potential to be developed into various forms of visual and performing arts. Through his creative imagination, and using elements from Persian mystical literature Rūmī presents his messages in an attractive and tangible form. Adopting metaphors and symbols he pictures various faces of nafs (self relating each face to an individual animal. “The Snake Catcher’s tale” is an excellent artistic display of man’s battle with his animal self. It offers a complex religious subject in an easy-to-digest manner that can be visualized and set into play. Keyword : Rūmī, ‘Ilm al-Nafs (Science of the Self, Mathnawī, snake symbolism, artistic expression Abstrak : Persoalan diri menjadi isu yang sangat sentral dalam tradisi mistisisme, tidak terkecuali bagi Jalaluddin Rūmī (d.1207. Melalui Matsnawī, Rūmī  menggunakan metafora untuk menunjukkan lapisan diri manusia. Ia berkomunikasi melalui kisah-kisah dengan potensi besar untuk dikembangkan menjadi berbagai bentuk seni visual dan pertunjukan. Melalui imajinasi kreatifnya, dan menggunakan unsur-unsur dari literatur mistik Persia, Rūmī menyajikan pesan dalam bentuk yang menarik dan nyata yang dapat diamati dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, bahwa rangkaian simbol-simbol tersebut merepresentasikan diri manusia. Melalui metafora dan simbol, Ia menggambarkan berbagai wajah nafs (diri dan menghubungkan setiap wajah dengan hewan. “Kisah Penangkap Ular” adalah tampilan artistik yang sangat baik mengenai pertempuran manusia dengan diri hewaninya. Ia menawarkan subjek keagamaan yang kompleks yang mudah dicerna dengan cara yang dapat divisualisasikan dan dimainkan. Kata kunci : Rūmī, Ilmu Jiwa, Matsnawī, simbolisme ular, ekspresi artistik

  9. Pyrite deformation and connections to gold mobility: Insight from micro-structural analysis and trace element mapping

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dubosq, R.; Lawley, C. J. M.; Rogowitz, A.; Schneider, D. A.; Jackson, S.

    2018-06-01

    The metamorphic transition of pyrite to pyrrhotite results in the liberation of lattice-bound and nano-particulate metals initially hosted within early sulphide minerals. This process forms the basis for the metamorphic-driven Au-upgrading model applied to many orogenic Au deposits, however the role of syn-metamorphic pyrite deformation in controlling the retention and release of Au and related pathfinder elements is poorly understood. The lower amphibolite facies metamorphic mineral assemblage (Act-Bt-Pl-Ep-Alm ± Cal ± Qz ± Ilm; 550 °C) of Canada's giant Detour Lake deposit falls within the range of pressure-temperature conditions (450 °C) for crystal plastic deformation of pyrite. We have applied a complementary approach of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) mapping and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) 2D element mapping on pyrite from the Detour Lake deposit. Chemical element maps document an early generation of Au-rich sieve textured pyrite domains and a later stage of syn-metamorphic oscillatory-zoned Au-poor pyrite. Both pyrite types are cut by Au-rich fractures as a consequence of remobilization of Au with trace element enrichment of first-row transition elements, post-transition metals, chalcogens and metalloids during a late brittle deformation stage. However, similar enrichment in trace elements and Au can be observed along low-angle grain boundaries within otherwise Au-poor pyrite, indicating that heterogeneous microstructural misorientation patterns and higher strain domains are also relatively Au-rich. We therefore propose that the close spatial relationship between pyrite and Au at the microscale, features typical of orogenic Au deposits, reflects the entrapment of Au within deformation-induced microstructures in pyrite rather than the release of Au during the metamorphic transition from pyrite to pyrrhotite. Moreover, mass balance calculations at the deposit scale suggest that only a small percentage

  10. Representativeness of different factors affecting the economic impact of mastitis in dairy herds

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. A. Lopes

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available he objective of this study was to identify and quantify the most representative factor affecting the economic impact of mastitis in dairy cattle herds in order to establish those that should receive greater attention from farmers and technicians to reduce the economic impact of this important disease. A simulation study was conducted with the CU$TO MASTITE program, considering 324 different herds and using combinations of the following factors: somatic cell count (250,000; 500,000; 750,000 and 1,000,000 somatic cells/mL milk; production scale (50; 100 and 150 lactating cows; productivity per animal (10; 20 and 30 L/cow/day; average annual incidence of clinical mastitis (1%; 7% and 15%, and involuntary culling rate due to mastitis (2%; 4% and 6%. Preventive measures included expenses with monitoring [culture and antibiogram, bulk tank somatic cell count (BTSCC, and individual somatic cell counts], pre- and post-dipping, vaccination, treatment of dry cows, and maintenance of the milking machine. Only treatments of clinical cases were considered as curative measures. The impact of mastitis was estimated as total losses plus expenses with prevention and treatment of clinical cases. The mean incidence of clinical mastitis (MIM and BTSCC were significant (P<0.05 in five of the seven models analyzed [economic impact per lactating cow (ILC, economic impact per liter of milk (ILM, economic impact of curative treatment per liter of milk (CTM, economic impact of milk disposal/liter of sold milk (IMD, and economic impact of reduction in production per liter of milk (IRM]. However, the standardized coefficient for MIM was higher in three indicators (ILC, IMD and CTM, a fact rendering this factor more representative when compared to BTSCC, which also had five significant indicators. Comparison of the medians of curative treatments and preventive measures per lactating cow revealed an excellent cost/benefit ratio. These findings demonstrate that both

  11. Spectral domain OCT versus time domain OCT in the evaluation of macular features related to wet age-related macular degeneration

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Isola V

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available Luisa Pierro1, Elena Zampedri1, Paolo Milani2, Marco Gagliardi1, Vincenzo Isola2, Alfredo Pece21Department of Ophthalmology, University Vita-Salute, Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy, 2Fondazione Retina 3000, Milano, ItalyBackground: The aim of this study was to compare the agreement between spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT and time domain stratus OCT (TD OCT in evaluating macular morphology alterations in wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD.Methods: This retrospective study was performed on 77 eyes of 77 patients with primary or recurring subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to AMD. All patients underwent OCT examination using Zeiss Stratus OCT 3 (Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc, Dublin, CA and Opko OTI Spectral SLO/OCT (Ophthalmic Technologies Inc, Toronto, Canada. In all radial line scans, the presence of intraretinal edema (IRE, serous pigment epithelium detachment (sPED, neurosensory serous retinal detachment (NSRD, epiretinal membrane (EM, inner limiting membrane thickening (ILMT, and hard exudates (HE were evaluated. The degree of matching was quantified by Kappa measure of agreement.Results: The percentage distribution of TD OCT findings versus SD OCT findings was: IRE 36.3% versus 77.9%, sPED 57.1% versus 85.7%, NSRD 38.9% versus 53.2%, EM 10.5% versus 26.3%, ILMT 3.8% versus 32.4%, and HE 6.4% versus 54.5%. The agreement was as follows: sPED: kappa value 0.15; NSRD: kappa value 0.61; IRE: kappa value 0.18; EM: kappa value 0.41; ILMT: kappa value 0.02; HE: kappa value 0.06.Conclusion: The agreement in the evaluation of macular lesions between the two techniques is poor and depends on the lesion considered. SD OCT allows better detection of the alterations typically related to choroidal neovascularization such as IRE, PED, ILM thickening, and HE. Consequently its use should be strongly considered in patients with wet AMD.Keywords: spectral domain, OCT, time domain, macular degeneration, AMD

  12. Surgical treatment and optical coherence tomographic evaluation for accidental laser-induced full-thickness macular holes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Qi, Y; Wang, Y; You, Q; Tsai, F; Liu, W

    2017-07-01

    PurposeTo report OCT appearance and surgical outcomes of full-thickness macular holes (MHs) accidentally caused by laser devices.Patients and methodsThis retrospective case series included 11 eyes of 11 patients with laser-induced MHs treated by pars plana vitrectomy, internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling, and gas or silicone oil tamponade. Evaluations included a full ophthalmic examination, macular spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and fundus photography. Main outcome measures is MH closure and final visual acuity; the secondary outcome was the changes of retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptor layer evaluated by sequential post-operative SD-OCT images.ResultsFive patients were accidentally injured by a yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) laser and six patients by handheld laser. MH diameters ranged from 272 to 815 μm (mean, 505.5±163.0 μm) preoperatively. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved from a mean of 0.90 logMAR (range, counting finger-8/20) preoperatively to a mean of 0.34 logMAR (range, a counting finger-20/20) postoperatively (P=0.001, t=4.521). Seven of 11 patients (63.6%) achieved a BCVA better than 10/20. Ten patients had a subfoveal hyperreflectivity and four patients had a focal choroidal depression subfoveal preoperatively. At the last follow-up, all 11 eyes demonstrated the following: closure of the macular hole, variable degrees of disruption of external limiting membrane (ELM) and outer photoreceptor ellipsoid and interdigitation bands. In 10 eyes, the disruption was in the form of focal defects in the outer retina. After surgery, the subfoveal hyperreflectivity and focal choroidal depression remained.ConclusionAccidental laser-induced full-thickness macular holes can be successfully closed with surgery. Inadvertent retinal injury from laser devices, especially handheld laser injury has occurred with increasing frequency in recent years. However, there is a paucity of data regarding these types of injuries

  13. Découverte et signification d'une paragenèse à ilménite zincifère dans les métapélites des Jebilet centrales (Maroc)Occurrence and significance of zincian ilmenite in low-pressure metapelites from central Jebilet (Morocco)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Essaifi, Abderrahim; Ballèvre, Michel; Marignac, Christian; Capdevila, Ramon

    2001-10-01

    A zincian ilmenite paragenesis is found in metapelites from a contact metamorphic zone (central Jebilet, Morocco) induced by the emplacement of microgranitic intrusions. The zincian ilmenite is mainly preserved in syntectonic andalusite porphyroblasts. The growth of zincian ilmenite is related either to sphalerite breakdown during prograde metamorphism, or to the pervasive flow of a mineralizing fluid within the metapelites. The chlorine-rich fluid carried zinc and other metals leached in the microgranites, during its flow to discharge zones which were probably the Jebilet sulfide deposits.

  14. GÜNEY MARMARA BÖLGESİNDEKİ BÜYÜK VADİLERİN OLASI DEŞİLME ZAMANI

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    Nizamettin KAZANCI

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Güney Marmara Bölgesi’nin (Susurluk drenaj havzası-SDH suları ve tortulları büyük ölçüde önce Manyas ve Ulubat göllerinde toplanır, sonra tek kanaldan Marmara Denizi’ne ulaşır.Mevcut akaçlama sistemi ile buradaki gözlem istasyonları SDH’ndaki aşınma hızını ve dolayısıyla buradaki büyük ölçekli vadilerin kazınma sürelerini araştırma olanağı vermektedir. Bu yönde veri elde etmek için, Ulubat Gölü’nün eski tortulları ve bunların kimyasal kapsamları sondajlar yardımıyla çalışılmıştır. Karotlarla kesilen göl tortulları içindeki bor iyonu alttan üste doğru 4 m seviyesinde aniden artmakta olup bu değişme Emet Vadisi’ndeki borat yataklarının aşınmaya başlamasıyla ortaya çıkmıştır. Aşınma-depolanma ilişkileri dikkate alınarak Emet Vadisi’ndeki deşilme hızı 1,4 cm/yıl, bu değerin tüm araziye uygulanmasıyla vadinin toplam kazılma süresi 75 bin yıl olarak hesaplanmaktadır. Jeolojik süreçlerin tekdüze olmadığı dikkate alınarak, bu yaşın mutlak olmayacağı, ancak mevcut taşınma ve depolanma hızlarına göre vadilerin kazılma süresinin 300 bin yıldan daha da geriye gitmeyeceği söylenebilir. Öyle anlaşılıyor ki, hızlı aşınmanın önemli nedenlerinden birisi Marmara Denizi’nin son Buzul Çağında göl halinde oluşudur. Alçak taban düzeyi, kaynak alan ile birikim yeri arasında belirgin yükseklik farkı yaratmış ve erozyonun hızlanmasına yol açmıştır..

  15. Clinopyroxene geobarometry of magmatic rocks. Part 2. Structural geobarometers for basic to acid, tholeiitic and mildly alkaline magmatic systems

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nimis, Paolo

    The crystal structures of 212 experimentally synthesized, igneous clinopyroxenes were modeled from electronprobe chemical data. The coexisting melts span a wide range of petrologically relevant, dry and hydrous compositions, characterized by variable enrichment in silica and alkalis. Experimental conditions pertain to Earth's crust and uppermost mantle (P=0-24kbar garnet absent) and a variety of fO2 values (from CCO-buffered to air-buffered) and mineral assemblages (Cpx+/-Opx+/-Pig+/-Ol+/-Plag+/-Spl +/-Mt+/-Amp+/-Ilm). Unit-cell volume (Vcell) versus M1-polyhedron volume (VM1) relations were investigated over a range of pressures and temperatures using data derived from structure modeling and corrected for thermal expansivity and compressibility. The relationships between pressure and clinopyroxene structural parameters were found to be dependent on the nature of the coexisting melt. To reduce compositional effects, only clinopyroxenes belonging to mildly alkaline (MA) and tholeiitic (TH) series were considered. Pressure was modeled as a linear function of Vcell, VM1, and Mg/(Mg+Fe2+)Cpx ratio. A calibration based on the whole data set (MA+TH) reproduced the experimental pressures within 1.4kbar at the 1-σ level. The maximum residuals were 3.5kbar and 3.9kbar for MA- and TH-clinopyroxenes, respectively. Better statistics were obtained by considering MA- and TH-clinopyroxenes separately. A calibration based on the 69 MA-clinopyroxenes reproduced the experimental pressures within 1.1kbar (1σ) and with a maximum residual of 2.7kbar. A calibration based on the 143 TH-clinopyroxenes reproduced the experimental pressures within 1.0kbar (1σ) and with a maximum residual of 3.4kbar. When these geobarometers are applied to natural samples for which P is unknown, the correction for compressibility is necessarily made through a trial-and-error procedure. This expedient propagates an additional error that increases the above uncertainties and residuals by a factor of about 2

  16. Oceanographic and surface meteorological data collected from station ilm3 by Coastal Ocean Research and Monitoring Program (CORMP) and assembled by Southeast Coastal Ocean Observing Regional Association (SECOORA) in the North Atlantic Ocean from 2014-02-13 to 2016-02-01 (NODC Accession 0118742)

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Accession 0118742 contains oceanographic and surface meteorological data in netCDF formatted files, which follow the Climate and Forecast metadata convention (CF)...

  17. An exotic terrane in the Sulu UHP region, China

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chu, W.; Zhang, R.; Tsujimori, T.; Liou, J. G.

    2004-12-01

    The Haiyangsuo region of about 15 km2 along the coast in the NE part of the Triassic Sulu UHP terrane occurs three major rock types: amphibolitized metagabbro, gneiss and granitic dikes. Three different gneisses were observed in the field: A) Light color felsic gneiss is the dominant country rock and contains Qtz, Pl, Ms and Bi. B) Dark color plagioclase-amphibole gneiss occurs as thin layers within country rock; C) Granulite facies rock occurs as discontinuous lens. The amphibolitized metagabbros intrude into the gneisses as massive bodies (several m to hundreds of m in size) and thin dikes. Both metamorphic intrusives and gneisses are cross-cut by granitic dikes. The amphibolitized metagabbro was divided into three types: coronal metagabbro, transitional rock and garnet amphibolite: 1) Coronal metagabbro preserves gabbroic texture and primary assemblage of Opx+Cpx+Pl+Amp+Ilm. Most pyroxene grains are partially rimmed by thin corona of Amp+Ab+Qtz. Garnet occurs as fine-grained coronas at interface between plagioclase, pyroxene or ilmenite. 2) Transitional rocks contain similar assemblage and texture but most orthopyroxenes were partially or totally replaced by Amp+Qtz; garnet increases in content and size. Some gabbroic textures are preserved, but calcic plagioclase was replaced by zoisite, albite and muscovite. 3) Garnet amphibolite occurs at the margins of intrusive bodies and boudins where only minor relict clinopyroxenes preserve. Garnet coronal chains are not clear any more. Granitic dikes show pronounced deformation with mylonitic texture and contain 40-50% quartz porphyroclasts. Zircon separates from 2 metagabbros, 4 gneisses and 1 granitic rock were dated by using Stanford SHRIMP-RG. Metagabbroic zircons are angular and fractured shapes. The upper-intercept ages of gneisses rang from 1730 to about 2400 Ma, indicating variable protoith age. The 2 garnet amphibolites have upper-intercept ages 1734±5Ma and 1735±21Ma respectively. They are much older than

  18. S-37: Erkek Futbolcularda Branşa Ait Özellikler, Atletik Performans Testleri ve Relatif Yaş Etkisi

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    Mustafa Şahi̇n

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available GİRİŞ: Popüler bir takım sporu olan futbolda gruplandırma kronolojik yaş esas alınarak yapılmaktadır. Aynı kronolojik yaşta doğum tarihi erken olanların geç olanlardan daha avantajlı olduğunu gösterir çalışmalar vardır. Yetenekli futbolcunun desteklenmesi, elenmemesi için relatif yaşın spora spesifik özelliklere, performans testlerine etkisi bilinmelidir.AMAÇ: Aynı kronolojik yaştaki erkek futbolcularda relatif yaşın futbol spesifik özelliklere, atletik performans testlerine ve birbirleriyle olan ilişkisini incelemektir.Gereç ve YÖNTEMLER: 2015-2016 sezonunda akademi liginde U-14 kategorisinde milli takıma seçilme kampına davet edilmiş 164 futbolcunun atletik performans göstergeleri ile 2016-2017 sezonun ilk yarısında futbol performansları, oynadıkları maç ve dakika sayıları, gol sayıları incelendi ve aralarındaki ilişkiye bakıldı. Gruplar arası farklılıklar Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis testi, değişkenler arası ilişki spearman korelasyon testi ile incelendi.BULGULAR: Orta saha oyuncuların diğer pozisyonlarda oynayan sporculara göre daha kısa boy ve daha düşük kiloya sahip olduğu görüldü (p0,05. Sporcuların çeviklik göstergesi ile sürat 10, 20 ve 30m arasında istatistiksel anlamlı orta düzey korelasyon (r=0,387, r=0,400, r=0,377, p<0,001 saptandı. Sürat 10, 20 ve 30m ile attıkları gol sayısı arasında istatistiksel anlamlı negatif orta düzey korelasyon (r=-0,320, r=-0,350, r=-0,351, p<0,001 bulundu. Sürat 30m ile toplam maç sayısı arasında düşük negatif korelasyon (r=-0,144, p<0,05 saptandı. SONUÇ: Futbolcuların atletik performansları arttıkça lig performansları da arttığı görüldü.Futbolcuların lig esnasında daha iyi performans sergilemelerini desteklemek için relatif yaşın etkisini göz önünde bulundurarak atletik performanslarının artırılması önem taşımaktadır.

  19. Evidence of oceanic units in the core of the External Rif (Morocco): intramargin hiatus or South-Tethyan remnants?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Benzaggagh, Mohamed; Mokhtari, Abdelkhader; El Maz, Abdelkhader; Rossi, Philippe; Michard, André; Saddiqi, Omar; Chalouan, Ahmed; Rjimati, Ech-Cherki

    2013-04-01

    Our work is based on extensive field campaigns in the central area of the External Rif Belt and on petrological-geochemical study of the magmatic samples. The aim is to disclose the westward extension of the Mesorif suture zone evidenced in the Temsamane zone of eastern Rif (Michard et al., 2007). We first describe Jurassic-Early Cretaceous sections involving basaltic rocks, spread along the 200 km-long, arcuate Prerif-Mesorif boundary zone west of the Temsamane massif. These sections are thoroughly dated by ammonites and calpionelles from the late Oxfordian to late Berriasian (Benzaggagh, 2011). They display varied traces of submarine, basic volcanism such as volcanoclastic complexes within Upper Berriasian marls, and basalt flows, olistoliths and clasts in the upper Oxfordian-lower Berriasian clayey breccias or in the lower Tithonian brecciated calcareous beds. Volcanic activity took place at the margin of a carbonate platform during the Kimmeridgian-early Tithonian interval, then in a pelagic basin from late Tithonian onward. Petrographic and geochemical studies point to E-MORB basaltic magmas (Rossi, in Benzaggah, 2011), thus testifying for strong crustal thinning in this part of the African paleomargin. Strong support to this inference is found in the occurrence of two small tectonic units of gabbros associated with basalt flows, fault-scarp breccias and radiolarites. A preliminary study of the gabbros reveals that, in thin section, many petrographic types display ortho- to heteradcumulate texture. The typical sequence of cristallization is plag-ol-cpx-ilm and the composition ranges from troctolitic olivine gabbro [An 66-60; Fo 73-71 & 68; cpx Wo 46, En 44, Fs 10 with content in Cr2O3 up to 1%]) to ferrogabbro [(An 50-45); Fo 53; cpx Wo 44, En 40, Fs 16]). Plot of these rocks onto an AFM projection fall on the cumulative composition field along the FM joint and TR patterns display systematic Eu positive anomaly characterizing cumulative plagioclase. Some more

  20. Elazığ yöresine ait atık tuğla ve kireç taşı tozunun kendiliğinden yerleşen harcın mühendislik özelliklerine etkisi

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    Merve Açıkgenç

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Bu çalışmanın amacı, kendiliğinden yerleşen harçta (KYH mineral katkı kullanımının harcın dayanım ve viskozite özelliklerine etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Kendiliğinden yerleşen beton (KYB, geleneksel betona göre daha az iri agrega içerdiğinden KYB tasarımının temelini harç oluşturur. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada harç kullanmak uygun bulunmuştur. Bunun yanı sıra KYB' da gerekli dayanım, dayanıklılık ve uygun bir işlenebilirlik gibi özellikler, iyi bir beton üretimini kaçınılmaz kılmaktadır. Bu özelliklerin sağlanmasında mineral katkı maddelerinin (Silis dumanı, Uçucu kul, kireçtaşı tozu, yüksek fırın cürufu vb. gerekliliği ve belirli miktarda toz malzemenin sağlanmasının, özellikle KYB' da işlenebilirlik ve kıvam açısından şart olduğu yapılan birçok çalışmada ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca, düzensiz bir biçimde çevreye bırakılan atıkların çevre sağlığını tehdit etmesini önlemek ve KYB' da kullanılacak toz maddelere yöresel anlamda yenilerini ekleyerek, böylece hem nakliye maliyetinin hem de kireç taşı ve tuğla tozunun çimento azaltılarak kullanımıyla malzeme maliyetin düşürülmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, çimento yerine ikame yöntemiyle Elazığ Yöresi Kireçtaşı Tozu ve Atık Tuğla Tozu birlikte ve ayrı ayrı kullanılarak, toplamda 23 adet harç karışımı oluşturulmuştur. Bu harçların, işlenebilirlik özelliklerini belirlemek ve kendiliğinden yerleşebilirliklerini incelemek amacıyla, mini çökme-yayılma ve mini V-hunisi deneyleri yapılmış, ayrıca harçların viskoziteleri saptanmıştır. Mekanik özellikler için numunelerin 3, 7, 28 ve 91 günlük periyotlarında üç noktalı eğilme ve basınç deneyi yapılmıştır. Ayrıca numuneler üzerinde kapiler su emme deneyi yapılmış ve daha sonra numunelerin toplam su emme, porozite oranları ve yoğunlukları belirlenmiştir.

  1. Ehl-i Sünnet Açısından Bilgi ve DeğeriKnowledge and its Value in Terms of the Ahl As-Sunnah

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    ismail yücedağ

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Kelâm ilmînin amacı, dinî inançları kesin deliller kullanarak ispat etmektir. Bu nedenle kelâmcılar Kur’an’ı ve iki kısma ayırdıkları Sünnet’in ilk kısmında yer alan mütevâtir haberleri esas almışlardır. Kelâm ilminde üç bilgi edinme yolu olduğu kabul edilmiştir. Bunlar, beş duyu, akıl ve haber-i sâdık’tır. Bilgi edinme yollarından ilk ikisini oluşturan beş duyu ve akıl ile elde edilen bilgiler ile Sünnet’in ilk kısmında yer alan mütevâtir haberin değeri konusunda İslâm âlimleri arasında bir ihtilâf söz konusu değildir. Hicretin II. asrından itibaren, sünnetin ikinci kısmını oluşturan haber-i vahid’in değeri ve itikâdî konularda delil teşkil edip etmeyeceği konusunda âlimler tarihsel süreç içinde birbirinden farklı görüşler ortaya koymuşlardır. Böylelikle problem günümüze kadar devam etmiştir. Konu hakkında fikir yürüten âlimler, Kelâmcılar ve Selefiyye olmak üzere iki ana gruba ayrılmışlardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, haber-i vâhid hakkındaki fikir ayrılıklarının nedenlerini, kelâmcılar tarafından bilgi edinme yollarından biri olarak kabul edilen haber-i sâdıkı dikkate alarak araştırmaktır. Abstract The purpose of the Kalam science is to prove the religious beliefs by using definitive evidences. For this reason, the Kalam scholars are inclined to Koran and the mutawatir reports which are included in the first part of Ahl As-Sunnah divided into two parts. In the Kalam science, it has been accepted that there are three ways of attaining knowledge. These are the five senses, intelligence, and precise reports. It is not the case that Islamic scholars have a disagreement on not only knowledges obtained through the five senses and intelligence but the value of mutawatir reports included in the first part of Ahl As-Sunnah. As of the second century of Hegira, the scholars have put forward different opinions about whether the value of

  2. ON LOVER AND BELOVED IN NAZAN BEKİROĞLU’S NOVEL LÂ-THE INFINITY SYLLABLENAZAN BEKİROĞLU’NUN LÂ-SONSUZLUK HECESİ ROMANINDA ÂŞIK VE MAŞUK ÜZERİNE

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    Pervin ÇAPAN

    2010-07-01

    önemi roman ve hikâyesinde başarılı eserlere imza atan ve aynı zamanda akademisyen sıfatıyla da ilmî çalışmaları olan Nazan Bekiroğlu’nun Lâ-Sonsuzluk Hecesi adlı romanının da temasını oluşturmaktadır. Bu makalede, söz konusu romanın tematik özelliği ışığında evrensel mânâdaki aşkın, gelenekteki yansımasıyla birleşen doğuş, gelişme ve işlenişi dikkatlere sunulacaktır.

  3. Universal single grain amphibole thermobarometer for mantle rocks - preliminary calibration.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ashchepkov, Igor

    2017-04-01

    SCLM and the third group refer to richterites form the depleted manle peridotites. In SCLM beneat the Sytykanskaya they are more frequent and trace through all the mantle layers. In SCLM beneat the Aykhal they mostly are from the lower and in Komsomolskaya from the middle SCLM parts. In Daldyn field rare amdphibles from Dalnaya are Fe- enriched pargasites belonging to the Ilm bearing peridotites in middle SCLM part as well as in SCLM beneath thr Udachnaya. But there are Fe- low amphiboles substitutng the orthopyroxenes. In Zarnitsa the Cr - hornblendes occur in shallow garnet pyroxenites. One deep seated richterite substitute garnet grains. Rare amphiboles were detedted in Mirninsky filed in Internatiolnaya pipe and reffer to the resorbed and deformed granets from the Garnet -Spinel facies and from 4.0 GPa boundary. Amphiboles are frequent in the SCLM from the northern part of Siberian craton. In SCLM beneath the Kharmai the Fe- encriched varietes are from the Moho boundary. Common Cr-pargasite occurs to 3 GPa in Obnazhennay, pipe, Kharamai field In mantle SCLM beneath Obnazhennaya pipe and circum Anabr region friquent Cr- pargasies and horblendes refer to the relatively hot branch of mantle lithosphere and probably corresponds to the Triassic mantle reactivation. Mantle Cr- hornbleneds occurs on most upper part of the mantle column beneath Quaternary mujeritic Bartoy vocanoes in Transbaikal. The pargasites and kaersutites in this locality refer to more heated conditions and could be found to 2.0 GPa. Grant RFBR 16.-05-000860

  4. Características quantitativas da carcaça de cordeiros deslanados Morada Nova em função da relação volumoso:concentrado na dieta Quantitative characteristics of the carcass of Morada Nova lambs fed different dietary ratios of forage and concentrate

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    Severino Gonzaga Neto

    2006-08-01

    arteries and jugular veins. Blood was then collected and weigthed. Soon after evisceration, skin, head and extremities of the fore and rear members were removed. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT was emptied, weighted and the value added to that of blood to obtain the empty body weight (EBW, which was calculated by subtracting SBW from GIT + blood weights. The carcasses were weighted and stored at 4°C within a 24-hours period. The empty body (EBW, hot carcass (HCW and cold carcass weights (CCW were all used to calculate the biological (BY, hot carcass (HCY and cold carcass yields (CCY as well as the weight loss by cooling process (CWL. The carcass was divided in five cuts (leg, loin, ribs, shoulder clod and neck that were weighted for calculation of cut yields. The leg was dissected in muscle, bone and fat, and weights of these tissues were expressed in absolute weight and in percentage of leg weight. The muscle:bone and muscle:fat ratios, index of leg muscularity (ILM and the loin eye area (LEA were also calculated. Increasing dietary concentrate from 30 to 60% increased not only hot and cold carcass yields but also biological yield. The increasing levels of concentrate in the diet showed no effect on the percentage of leg muscle. However, it was observed an increase in both fat deposition and rib eye area.

  5. The evaluation of the statistical monomineral thermobarometric methods for the reconstruction of the lithospheric mantle structure

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ashchepkov, I.; Vishnyakova, E.

    2009-04-01

    The modified versions of the thermobarometers for the mantle assemblages were revised sing statistical calibrations on the results of Opx thermobarometry. The modifications suggest the calculation of the Fe# of coexisting olivine Fe#Ol according to the statistical approximations by the regressions obtained from the xenoliths from kimberlite data base including >700 associations. They allow reproduces the Opx based TP estimates and to receive the complete set of the TP values for mantle xenoliths and xenocrysts. For GARNET Three variants of barometer give similar results. The first is published (Ashchepkov, 2006). The second is calculating the Al2O3 from Garnet for Orthopyroxene according to procedure: xCrOpx=Cr2O3/CaO)/FeO/MgO/500 xAlOpx=1/(3875*(exp(Cr2O3^0.2/CaO)-0.3)*CaO/989+16)-XcrOpx Al2O3=xAlOp*24.64/Cr2O3^0.2*CaO/2.+FeO*(ToK-501)/1002 And then it suppose using of the Al2O3 in Opx barometer (McGregor, 1974). The third variant is transformation of the G. Grutter (2006) method by introducing of the influence of temperature. P=40+(Cr2O3)-4.5)*10/3-20/7*CaO+(ToC)*0.0000751*MgO)*CaO+2.45*Cr2O3*(7-xv(5,8)) -Fe*0.5 with the correction for P>55: P=55+(P-55)*55/(1+0.9*P) Average from this three methods give appropriate values comparable with determined with (McGregor,1974) barometer. Temperature are estimating according to transformed Krogh thermometer Fe#Ol_Gar=Fe#Gar/2+(T(K)-1420)*0.000112+0.01 For the deep seated associations P>55 kbar T=T-(0.25/(0.4-0.004*(20-P))-0.38/Ca)*275+51*Ca*Cr2-378*CaO-0.51)-Cr/Ca2*5+Mg/(Fe+0.0001)*17.4 ILMENITE P= ((TiO2-23.)*2.15-(T0-973)/20*MgO*Cr2O3 and next P=(60-P)/6.1+P ToK is determined according to (Taylor et al , 1998) Fe#Ol_Chr =(Fe/(Fe+Mg)ilm -0.35)/2.252-0.0000351*(T(K)-973) CHROMITE The equations for PT estimates with chromite compositions P=Cr/(Cr+Al)*T(K)/14.+Ti*0.10 with the next iteration P=-0.0053*P^2+1.1292*P+5.8059 +0.00135*T(K)*Ti*410-8.2 For P> 57 P=P+(P-57)*2.75 Temperature estimates are according to the O

  6. Ġāyetü’l-Müntehā Fi-Tedbiri’l-Merżā Ses ve Şekil Bilgisi, İmlâ Özellikleri ve Söz Varlığı Phonetic And Morphology, Spelling And Vocabulary Of Ġāyetü’l-Müntehā Fi-Tedbiri’l-Merżā

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    Talat DİNAR

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available Period of Classical Ottoman Turkish is one of the duration whichconstitute basic of Turkey Turkish. It is hard to say this four hundredyears longed period is great for Turkish. In this period, Turkish wasvery influenced from Arabish and Persian, literal and scientific textswere given but there was no pure Turkish just like Ancient AnatolianTurkish period.In the period of Classical Ottoman Turkish, artistic concern wasseen not only in poetical but also prose texts. In the result of thisconcern there were a new language in prose which was full of "seci". Butit isn't true to say that all of prose texts produced in this artisticlanguage. Especially didactic texts like religious, ethic and legendarytexts and useful information about health, agriculture texts wereexplained unsophisticated way. This texts which weren't artistic usage,are great treasures for seeing this time's language and vocabulary. Inthis article we will try to introduce one of this treasure which belongs totime of Classical Ottoman Turkish in phonetic, morphologic, spellingand vocabulary aspects. This article will give information aboutchapters, aim of written text, patterns in libraries of Ġāyetü’l-MüntehāFį-Tedbįri’l-Merżā have a medical content which were translated intoTurkish from Arabic by Müderris Hasan Efendi. This article's aim is acontribution of determinating language speciality of the text's time withthe proportion of the work features. Klâsik Osmanlı Türkçesi dönemi, Türkiye Türkçesinin temelini teşkil eden dönemlerden biridir. Yaklaşık dört yüz yıllık bir zaman dilimini içine alan bu dönemin Türkçe için çok da parlak geçtiği söylenemez. Türkçenin, Arapça ve Farsçanın gölgesinde kaldığı bu dönemde edebî ve ilmî eserler verilmeye devam etmiştir. Ancak Eski Anadolu Türkçesi dönemindeki kadar saf bir Türkçe kullanılmamıştır.Klâsik Osmanlı Türkçesi döneminde sanat yapma kaygısı, manzum metinlerin yanı s

  7. 27 Mayıs Darbesi Sonrası Celal Bayar ve Eski Demokrat Partililerin Türk Siyasi Hayatına Etkileri Ss, 2585-2598 The Effects of Celal Bayar and Former-Democratic Party Members on Turkish Political Life After the Coup of 27th May

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    Nedim YALANSIZ

    2012-09-01

    Demokrat Parti iktidarına karşı yapıldı. Çok partili hayatın diğer aktörleri olan Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi ve Cumhuriyetçi Köylü Millet Partisi siyasi faaliyetlerine devam ederken, Demokrat Parti bu haktan mahrum edildi. Darbe sonrası içlerinde Başbakan, bakanlar, milletvekilleri, il ve ilçe yöneticileri olmak üzere yaklaşık 500 Demokrat Parti üyesi tutuklandı. Yüksek Adalet Divanı adında bir yüksek mahkeme oluşturuldu. Bu mahkeme bir yıl süren yargılama süreci sonrasında Demokrat Parti üyelerine ölüm cezası ve müebbet hapis de dahil çeşitli cezalar verdi. Ölüm cezasına ve müebbet hapse çarptırılmış eski DP’li Cumhurbaşkanı, bakan, milletvekili ve yönetici, eski Demokrat Parti tabanının zorlaması, memleketin normalleşme ihtiyacı ve aflarından siyasi rant bekleyen yeni ve eski partilerin çabaları sonucu birkaç yıl sonra ağır cezalarından affedildiler. Bazıları da sağlık sorunları nedeniyle daha önce salıverilmişti. Özgürlüklerine kavuştuktan sonra da bu defa kendileri siyasi haklarını, iade-i itibarlarını elde etme mücadelesi verdiler. Ölüm ve hapis cezalarından kurtulmalarına rağmen, siyasi partilere üye olma, milletvekili seçilme hakları ve hatta siyasette yer almadan önce sahip oldukları mesleklerini(örneğin doktorluk gibi yapabilme hakları ellerinden alınmıştı. İktidar ve muhalefet partilerinin anlaşmaları sonucu çıkarılan siyasi aflarla önce mesleklerini yapabilme hakları, sonra siyasi haklarını elde ettiler. Araya 12 Mart ve 12 Eylül darbelerinin girmesiyle bu çok zorlu ve uzun bir süreçte gerçekleşti. Eski DP’liler siyasi haklarını elde etme yanında merkez sağı yeniden Demokrat Parti çatısı altında birleştirmeyi hedeflediler. Kendilerinden koparak kurulan yeni ve güçlü partilerin ve bunların yeni kuşak seçmenlerinin olması nedeniyle bu hedefleri istedikleri şekilde gerçekleşmedi. Bu makalede eski DP’lilerin bu mücadeleleri anlatılmaktadır.

  8. Macaristan Türkolojisi Üzerine Bir Biyo-Biyografi Denemesi An Attempt At A Bioagrapy of Hungarian Turkology

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    Mehmet GÜMÜŞKILIÇ

    2012-12-01

    üyük hizmetlerde bulundular. Türk-Macar ilişkileri günümüze göre eskiden, belki de daha ileri seviyedeydi. Günümüzde ise bu ilişkiler yeniden canlanmaktadır. Macarlarla Türklerin yakınlığı göz önüne alındığında, bu ilişkileri geliştirmede her iki millete de büyük görevler düşmektedir.Makalemizde; Türklerle ilgili çalışmalar yapan ve Modern Türkolojinin kuruluşundan sonra Türklükle ilgilenen Macar Türkologlarını soyadlarına göre sıraladıktan sonra bunların, ilmî hayat hikâyeleri ile birlikte Türklük bilimiyle ilgili makaleleri -en eski tarihten yeni tarihe kadar- verilmeye çalışılacaktır. Ayrıca bazı Türkologlar hakkında yapılan bir kısım çalışmaların listeleri de makalemizde okuyucuya sunulacaktır. Burada sıralayacağımız Macar Türkologları ve çalışmaları elbette bunlarla sınırlı değildir. Buraya aldığımız ilim adamlarının Türklükle ilgili yazdıkları başka makalelerini, kitapları; sundukları bildirileri; kaleme aldıkları tanıtma yazılarını ve buraya alamadığımız bilim adamlarının da çalışmalarını eklersek bu sayı çok kabaracak ve makale sınırlarını aşacaktır. İleride Macar Türkolojisiyle ilgili ayrıntılı çalışmalar yapılacağı ümidindeyiz. Biz, bir biyo-biyografi denemesi yaparak Macarların Türklere ne kadar önem verdiğini bir nebze de olsa dile getirmeye çalıştık.İleride yapılacak ayrıntılı çalışmalarla Türk-Macar ilişkileri ve dostluğu daha da gelişecektir. Bu konuda katkıda bulunduysak makalemiz hedefine ulaşmış sayılacaktır.

  9. Salnamelere Göre XIX. Yüzyılda Kırşehir Sancağı Hakkında Bilgiler (1873-1910 (Coğrafyası, Tarihi, Nüfusu, Nahiye ve Kazaları According Yearbooks XIX. Information about Century Ensign Kırşehir (1873-1910 (Geography, History, Population, Canton and Accidents

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    Ahmet GÜNDÜZ

    2012-09-01

    aralarında farklı isimlerle ve farklı amaçlarla çıkarılmış oldukları hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Salnamelerin içeriğine bakıldığında yayımlandıkları tarihlerde Osmanlı Devletinin tarihi, idari teşkilatı, müesseseleri, şahıs biyografileri, ilmî, iktisadî, siyasî, askerî, kültürel ve diğer sahalardaki önemli bilgileri ihtiva etmektedirler. Hatta ilgili sancağın türbeleri, tekkeleri, camileri, resmi binaları, dükkânları, gezilecek-görülecek yerleri, madenleri, hangi meslek ve iş alanlarının olduğu, ormanları, av hayvanları, posta teşkilatı gibi konularda da bilgiler sunmaktadırlar. Ardından Kırşehir tarihi ile ilgili olarak Hititlerden itibaren Yunanlılar, Romalılar, Bizanslılar, Selçuklular, Osmanlı ve Cumhuriyet Türkiye’si dönemleri hakkında da kısa bilgiler verilerek Kırşehir’in Cumhuriyet döneminde bir ara ilçe haline getirilişine de vurgu yapılmıştır. Selçuklular döneminde bir ilim ve kültür şehri haline gelen Kırşehir, burada yetişen ilim ve fikir adamları ile önemli bir şehir duruma gelmiştir. Ağırlıklı olarak salnamelere dayanan bu çalışmamızda Kırşehir’in nüfusu, nahiye ve kazaları hakkında bilgiler verilmektedir. İncelenen dönemdeki tarihler arasında Kırşehir’de yaşayan Müslim, Rum ve Ermeni nüfus değerlendirmeye tabi tutulmuştur. Verilen bilgilerin daha iyi anlaşılması için ayrı ayrı tablolar düzenlenerek bu tablolar da ayrıca değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca yapılan bu çalışmada tamamlayıcı bilgi olması amacıyla şehirde maddi açıdan zengin olan kişiler tablo halinde verilmiştir. Kırşehir’de ileri gelen kişiler yaşadığı yer açısından veya serveti bakımından kaçıncı sırada olduğu belirtildiği gibi bu kişilerin tanınmış şöhretleri-lakapları da belirtilmiştir. İncelenen tarihler içerisinde yer alan dönemde (1876-1880 Kırşehir’de işlenen suçlardan da kısa bir şekilde bahsedilmektedir.

  10. Günümüz Dünya Sorunlarına Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği Geçerlik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması Validity And Reliability Study Of An Attitude Scale Intended For Contemporary World Issues

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    Gökçe KILIÇOĞLU

    2012-12-01

    okanlamaktadır. Mevcut sorunlar, insanı ve çevreyi olumsuz etkileyerek ülke sınırlarını aşan, bütün dünyayı ilgilendiren sorunlar haline gelmekte ve insan hayatını, bir çok yönüyle tehdit etmektedir. Bu çalışma,eğitim fakültesinde çeşitli branşlarda eğitim gören öğrencilerin algılarından yararlanarak, günümüz dünya sorunlarına karşı bir tutum ölçeği geliştirmek için yapılmıştır. Çalışma grubunu 2011-2012 bahar yarıyılında Gazi Üniversitesi Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi’nin farklı bölümlerinde 4. sınıfta öğrenim gören toplam 477 öğrencinden oluşturmaktadır. 4. sınıfların seçilme nedeni, bu öğrencilerin günümüz dünya sorunları hakkında bilgilerinin daha fazla olacağı düşüncesidir. Ölçeğin geliştirilme sürecinde ilk önce alanyazın taraması yapılmış ve uzman görüşlerden de yararlanılarak 45 maddelik madde havuzu oluşturulmuştur. Oluşturulan maddelerin karşısına, beşli likert dereceli seçenekler yerleştirilmiştir. Bu seçenekler; “(1 kesinlikle katılmıyorum”, “(2 katılmıyorum”, (3 kararsızım”, “(4 katılıyorum” ve “(5 kesinlikle katılıyorum” şeklinde düzenlenmiş ve puanlanmıştır. Ölçeğin geçerliğini belirlemek üzere; açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, madde ayırt edicilik güçleri hesaplanmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirliğini belirlemek üzere ise iç tutarlılık düzeyi hesaplanmıştır. Bu işlemler sonucunda ölçekte kalan toplam 24 maddenin, üç faktör altında toplandığı görülmüştür. Son hali ile 24 maddelik ölçeğin KMO değerinin 0,936; Bartlett Testi değerlerinin χ2=4721,614; sd=276; p<0,001 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak günümüz dünya sorunlarına yönelik tutum ölçeğinin, bireylerin bu konudaki düşüncelerini belirlemeye yönelik geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olduğu söylenebilir.

  11. Editorial: Focus on X-ray Beams with High Coherence

    Science.gov (United States)

    Robinson, Ian; Gruebel, Gerhard; Mochrie, Simon

    2010-03-01

    Williams, H M Quiney, A G Peele and K A Nugent Imaging of complex density in silver nanocubes by coherent x-ray diffraction R Harder, M Liang, Y Sun, Y Xia and I K Robinson Methodology for studying strain inhomogeneities in polycrystalline thin films during in situ thermal loading using coherent x-ray diffraction N Vaxelaire, H Proudhon, S Labat, C Kirchlechner, J Keckes, V Jacques, S Ravy, S Forest and O Thomas Ptychographic coherent diffractive imaging of weakly scattering specimens Martin Dierolf, Pierre Thibault, Andreas Menzel, Cameron M Kewish, Konstantins Jefimovs, Ilme Schlichting, Konstanze von König, Oliver Bunk and Franz Pfeiffer Dose requirements for resolving a given feature in an object by coherent x-ray diffraction imaging Andreas Schropp and Christian G Schroer FLASH: new opportunities for (time-resolved) coherent imaging of nanostructures R Treusch and J Feldhaus Structure of a single particle from scattering by many particles randomly oriented about an axis: toward structure solution without crystallization? D K Saldin, V L Shneerson, M R Howells, S Marchesini, H N Chapman, M Bogan, D Shapiro, R A Kirian, U Weierstall, K E Schmidt and J C H Spence Analysis of strain and stacking faults in single nanowires using Bragg coherent diffraction imaging V Favre-Nicolin, F Mastropietro, J Eymery, D Camacho, Y M Niquet, B M Borg, M E Messing, L-E Wernersson, R E Algra, E P A M Bakkers, T H Metzger, R Harder and I K Robinson Coherent science at the SwissFEL x-ray laser B D Patterson, R Abela, H-H Braun, U Flechsig, R Ganter, Y Kim, E Kirk, A Oppelt, M Pedrozzi, S Reiche, L Rivkin, Th Schmidt, B Schmitt, V N Strocov, S Tsujino and A F Wrulich Energy recovery linac (ERL) coherent hard x-ray sources Donald H Bilderback, Joel D Brock, Darren S Dale, Kenneth D Finkelstein, Mark A Pfeifer and Sol M Gruner Statistical and coherence properties of radiation from x-ray free-electron lasers E L Saldin, E A Schneidmiller and M V Yurkov Microscopic return point memory in Co

  12. The Mikea Forest Under Threat (southwest Madagascar : How public policy leads to conflicting territories

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    Chantal Blanc-Pamard

    2009-10-01

    é à plusieurs facteurs : pression démographique due à l’immigration, saturation des terres les plus fertiles, assouplissement de la réglementation de l’état sur le défrichement des forêts, et surtout rôle de la culture du maïs associé à l’essor des exportations. La fièvre du maïs entraîne une destruction irréversible de la forêt sèche car le processus de déforestation est suivi d’un processus de savanisation. Le défrichage est une stratégie qui permet de contrôler les ressources et le développement d’un territoire. Ce n’est qu’à la fin des années 1990 que des politiques environnementales ont été mises en œuvre pour réduire le recul de la forêt et préserver la flore et la faune endémiques d’un si grand territoire. La création du parc national Mikea est en cours mais le processus a été ralenti par un projet de mine d’ilménite qui menace une nouvelle fois la forêt. De plus, depuis 2008, une licence de prospection de pétrole dans la région a été accordée. Trois projets contradictoires d’utilisation des terres financés par le gouvernement déstabilisent les populations locales qui ont été encouragées par l’état à préserver la forêt.Con 10 millones de hectáreas, el bosque cubría sólo en 2005 el 16% del territorio de Madagascar. La deforestación está alcanzando proporciones alarmantes y se reconoce como un importante problema ambiental. Este proceso se ha acelerado recientemente, especialmente en el suroeste del país. El principal factor que promueve la deforestación es el cultivo de maíz de tala y quema. La agricultura pionera se está desarrollando rápidamente a costa del bosque. La pérdida de bosque está ligada a varios factores: presión demográfica causada por la inmigración, saturación de las tierras más fértiles, la relajación de las regulaciones estatales en materia de tala de bosques, y sobre todo el papel del cultivo de maíz asociado a un mercado de exportación en auge. La

  13. Tokat’ın 17. Yüzyıl Âlim Şairlerinden İshak Bin Hasan Tokatî ve Nazmu’l-Ulum Adlı Mesnevîsi Poetry in Rhymed Couplets of Tokatlı İshâk Efendi Nazmu'l-Ulûm

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    Bayram ÖZFIRAT

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available As manuscript works, which constitute some indispensabletreasure with respect to history of our literature, come back into light,our knowledge on religious literary genres, as well as other, no doubtincreases. Such works added to literature thanks to efforts byresearchers give us the opportunity of close acquaintance with religiousworks that are considered as the most significant and the most prolificproducts of Divan Poetry, and of more accurate interpretationsregarding the genre of such works. Apart from works such as aqâid, fiqhand catechism (ilm-i hal in verse, siyer (life of Muhammad in verse,exegeses (tafsir and hadithes in verse that are generally written inpoetic structure for these disciplines, there are also some poetic piecesabout a subdivision or important question of abovementioned Islamicsciences. Faraiz, Hegira of Muhammad, miraj-name, rules of hajj,miracles of Prophet, all in verse, can be mentioned among suchexamples. In the wake of our researches, we found out that thesecatechisms in verse constitute a notable part of our religious literature.Tokatlı İshâk Efendi was an important poet and writer who lived in 17th century. Biographic sources dores not mention him alot. The poetryin rhymed couplets, Nazmu’l-Ulûm, which we are working on shows ushow important poet he is. At his Nazmu’l-Ulûm İshâk Efendi givesinformation about different sciences and wants them to learn. Becauseof these properties Nazmu’l-Ulûm is a written verse advice. Nazmu’l-Ulûm have got strong rhymes. That is possible to say poetry in rhymedcouplets have fascinating expressions rather than bare tellings. Somany telling arts and describtions were given place in that book. Tokatlı İshâk Efendi on yedinci yüzyılda yaşamış önemli bir şâir ve yazardır. Biyografik kaynaklar kendisinden fazla bahsetmez. Ama eserlerinden yola çıktığımızda Tokatlı İshâk Efendi’nin yetenekli bir şâir olduğunu rahatlıkla söyleyebiliriz.

  14. Eski Türk Edebiyatında Tercüme Geleneği Ve Bu Gelenekte Mantıku’t-Tayr Tercümeleri The Tradition of Translation In Classical Ottoman Literature and Mantıku't- Tayr Translations in This Tradition

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    Vesile ALBAYRAK SAK

    2012-12-01

    are less or more, supporting stories are different, main ideasand subjects of these works somehow are fed from the work ofAttar,and the masnawis(poem made up of rhymed coupletshave beensuccessfully worked about being original with the efforts of the poets. Arapça "terceme" kelimesinden tercüme; "çeviri" demek olup ifadelerin bir dilden başka bir dile aktarılmasıdır. Toplumların birbirlerini tanımalarında, ilmî ve fikrî gelişmelerde köprü görevini yerine getirmiş bu faaliyet, kültürler arası etkileşimde önemli rol üstlenmiştir.Medeniyetler bir ülkeden diğerine daha çok tercüme yoluyla girer. Dînî-didaktik edebiyatın önemli bir parçası olan Attar'ın Mantıkut-Tayr'ı da edebiyatımıza tercüme yoluyla girmiştir. Tasavvufî öğretiyi allegorik bir dille, konu bütünlüğü içinde ele alan ve hikâyelerle halka indirgeyen bu eser, kaynak eser olma özelliği kazanmıştır. Mantıku't-Tayr'ın edebiyatımızda XIV. yüzyıldan başlayarak XVIII. yüzyıla kadar her yüzyılda tercümeleri ve benzerleri yazılmıştır.Gülşehrî‟nin Mantıku‟t-Tayr„ı (1317, Ali Şir Nevaî‟nin Lisânü‟t-tayr‟ı (1498/1499, İranlı Şemsî‟nin Deh Murg „u(1514, İbrahim Gülşenî‟nin Sîmurg-nâme‟si (d. 1533, Zaîfî‟nin Gülşen-i Sîmurg‟u (d. 1559, Ârifî Mehmed‟in Ravzatü‟t-Tevhîd‟i (d.1563, Kadıoğlu Şeyh Mehmed'in İnşirâhu‟s-Sadr'ı (1578 ,Şemseddin Sivâsî‟nin Gülşenâbâd‟ı (d. 1595 ve Fedâî Dede‟nin Mantıku‟l- Esrâr‟ı (d.1635 bu eserlerdendir.Bu çalışmada Mantıku‟t-Tayr tercümelerine farklı bir açıdan bakılmış,örneğe bağlı kalanlardan ziyade örnekten ayrılan şairlerin hangi çabalara giriştikleri,esere yeni bir düzen getirme ve eseri farklı açıdan yorumlama uğraşları irdelenmiştir.Örnekten isteyerek ayrılan şairlerin özellikle yardımcı hikâye seçimindeki tasarrufları konuyu dağıtmadan ele almada onlara avantaj sa

  15. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geologia - 2004 - Teses Defendidas - Doutorado - Instituto de Geociências - UFRJ

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    2004-01-01

    tulo: Estudo dos efeitos transientes de temperatura e invasãoem perfis de poços No de páginas: 144 Resumo: Neste trabalho são quantificados os efeitos transientes da tem-peratura e da invasão, causados pelo gradiente radial de temperatura(GRT e/ou pelo gradiente radial de pressão (GRP entre poço e for-mação. Estes efeitos são usados na avaliação das alterações provocadasnos perfis de indução eletromagnética das sondas 2C40, 6FF40, ILM eILD, bem como nos perfis de eletrorresistividade das sondas NormalCurta, LL7, LLS e LLD. Alguns modelos bidimensionais de camadasplano-paralelas, com simetria axial, são adotados nas simulações nu-méricas da condução do calor, do fluxo bifásico de fluidos (imiscíveis eincompressíveis e na obtenção dos perfis de indução eeletrorresistividade. Os fenômenos transientes são simulados com atécnica mista dos métodos de elementos finitos (MEF e diferençasfinitas (MDF, aplicados respectivamente, nas coordenadas espaciais(r, z e temporal (t, das equações diferenciais parciais. A equação deArchie é usada para transformar a saturação em água de formação(nos arenitos em resistividade. O efeito da temperatura é incluído atra-vés da equação de Arps, que altera os valores de resistividades da águada formação, da lama, do filtrado e dos folhelhos. As distribuições es-paço-temporais de resistividades resultantes são usadas para gerar osperfis sintéticos via MEF, em diferentes tempos do intervalo compreen-dido entre 0h e 48h. O presente estudo mostra, além da eficácia dastécnicas numéricas na simulação de fenômenos transientes, que tanto atemperatura quanto a invasão são responsáveis por consideráveis alte-rações nas resistividades aparentes registradas pelas sondas deperfilagem. Estes efeitos transientes podem ser responsáveis por equí-vocos na interpretação de perfis, mas também podem auxiliar na aqui-sição de parâmetros associados aos fenômenos dinâmicos do sistema. 127Anuário do