Structure and magnetic properties of Co{sub 2}(Cr{sub 1−x}Fe{sub x})Al, (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) Heusler alloys prepared by mechanical alloying

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Srivastava, Yogesh, E-mail: 123209001_yogesh@manit.ac.in [Department of Materials Science & Metallurgical Engineering, Ceramic & Powder Metallurgy Laboratory, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462003 (India); Vajpai, Sanjay Kumar, E-mail: vajpaisk@gmail.com [Department of Materials Science & Metallurgical Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462003 (India); Srivastava, Sanjay, E-mail: s.srivastava.msme@gmail.com [Department of Materials Science & Metallurgical Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462003 (India)

2017-07-01

Highlights: • A series of nanocrystalline Co{sub 2}(Cr{sub 1−x}Fe{sub x})Al Heusler alloy by powder metallurgy. • Effect of substitution of Fe for Cr on the microstructure and magnetic properties. • Increasing amounts of B2 type disordered structure with increasing Fe content. • Enhanced Ms, Mr, Hc, and Tc with increasing Fe content. • Relative magnetic anisotropy decreased with increasing Fe content. - Abstract: In the present study, a series of nanocrystalline Co{sub 2}(Cr{sub 1−x}Fe{sub x})Al Heusler alloy powders were successfully prepared by high energy ball milling and the effect of substitution of Fe for Cr on the microstructure and magnetic properties was investigated in detail. The Co{sub 2}CrAl alloy powder consisted of only A2 type disordered structure whereas the substitution of Cr by Fe led to the appearance of increasing amounts of B2 type disordered structure along with A2 type structure. All the Co{sub 2}(Cr{sub 1−x}Fe{sub x})Al Heusler alloy powders demonstrated high spontaneous magnetization together with a very small hysteresis losses. The saturation magnetization, remanence, coercivity, and Curie temperature increased with increasing Fe content. The increasing magnetization with increasing Fe content was attributed to the replacement of antiferromagnetic Cr by strongly ferromagnetic Fe and an increasing amounts of relatively more ordered, atomically as well as ferromagnetically, B2 structure as compared to that of A2 phase. The increment in remanence and coercivity with increasing Fe content were associated with the variation in microstructural characteristics, such as grain size, lattice defects, and the presence of small amounts of magnetic/nonmagnetic secondary phases. The increment in Curie temperature with increasing Fe content was attributed to the enhancement of d-d exchange interaction due to the possible occupancy of vacant sites by Fe atoms. All the Heusler alloys indicated extremely low magnetic anisotropy and the

Low-temperature electron properties of Heusler alloys Fe2VAl and Fe2CrAl: Effect of annealing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Podgornykh, S. M.; Svyazhin, A. D.; Shreder, E. I.; Marchenkov, V. V.; Dyakina, V. P.

2007-01-01

We present the results of measurements of low-temperature heat capacity, as well as electrical and magnetic properties of Heusler alloys Fe 2 VAl and Fe 2 CrAl prepared in different ways using various heat treatment regimes. The density of states at the Fermi level is estimated. A contribution of ferromagnetic clusters in the low-temperature heat capacity of the Fe 2 VAl alloy is detected. The change in the number and volume of clusters as a result of annealing of an alloy affects the behavior of their low-temperature heat capacity, resistivity, and magnetic properties

Half-Heusler Alloys as Promising Thermoelectric Materials

Science.gov (United States)

Page, Alexander A.

This thesis describes Ph.D. research on the half-Heusler class of thermoelectric materials. Half-Heusler alloys are a versatile class of materials that have been studied for use in photovoltaics, phase change memory, and thermoelectric power generation. With respect to thermoelectric power generation, new approaches were recently developed in order to improve the thermoelectric figure of merit, ZT, of half-Heusler alloys. Two of the strategies discussed in this work are adding excess Ni within MNiSn (M = Ti, Zr, or Hf) compounds to form full-Heusler nanostructures and using isoelectronic substitution of Ti, Zr, and Hf in MNiSn compounds to create microscale grain boundaries. This work uses computational simulations based on density functional theory, combined with the cluster expansion method, to predict the stable phases of pseudo-binary and pseudo-ternary composition systems. Statistical mechanics methods were used to calculate temperature-composition phase diagrams that relate the equilibrium phases. It is shown that full-Heusler nanostructures are predicted to remain stable even at high temperatures, and the microscale grain boundaries observed in (Ti,Zr,Hf)NiSn materials are found to be thermodynamically unstable at equilibrium. A new strategy of combining MNiSn materials with ZrNiPb has also recently emerged, and theoretical and experimental work show that a solid solution of the two materials is stable.

Fabrication and Magnetic Properties of Co₂MnAl Heusler Alloys by Mechanical Alloying.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Chung-Hyo

2018-02-01

We have applied mechanical alloying (MA) to produce nanocrystalline Co2MnAl Heusler alloys using a mixture of elemental Co50Mn25Al25 powders. An optimal milling and heat treatment conditions to obtain a Co2MnAl Heusler phase with fine microstructure were investigated by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimeter and vibrating sample magnetometer measurements. α-(Co, Mn, Al) FCC phases coupled with amorphous phase are obtained after 3 hours of MA without any evidence for the formation of Co2MnAl alloys. On the other hand, a Co2MnAl Heusler alloys can be obtained by the heat treatment of all MA samples up to 650 °C. X-ray diffraction result shows that the average grain size of Co2MnAl Heusler alloys prepared by MA for 5 h and heat treatment is in the range of 95 nm. The saturation magnetization of MA powders decreases with MA time due to the magnetic dilution by alloying with nonmagnetic Mn and Al elements. The magnetic hardening due to the reduction of the grain size with ball milling is also observed. However, the saturation magnetization of MA powders after heat treatment increases with MA time and reaches to a maximum value of 105 emu/g after 5 h of MA. It can be also seen that the coercivity of 5 h MA sample annealed at 650 °C is fairly low value of 25 Oe.

Magnetocaloric effect in Heusler alloys Ni50Mn34In16 and Ni50Mn34Sn16

Science.gov (United States)

Sharma, V. K.; Chattopadhyay, M. K.; Kumar, Ravi; Ganguli, Tapas; Tiwari, Pragya; Roy, S. B.

2007-12-01

We present results of detailed ac susceptibility, magnetization and specific heat measurements in Heusler alloys Ni50Mn34In16 and Ni50Mn34Sn16. These alloys undergo a paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition around 305 K, which is followed by a martensitic transition in the temperature regime around 220 K. Inside the martensite phase both the alloys show signatures of field-induced transition from martensite to austenite phase. Both field- and temperature-induced martensite-austenite transitions are relatively sharp in Ni50Mn34In16. We estimate the isothermal magnetic entropy change and adiabatic temperature change across the various phase transitions in these alloys and investigate the possible influence of these transitions on the estimated magnetocaloric effect. The sharp martensitic transition in Ni50Mn34In16 gives rise to a comparatively large inverse magnetocaloric effect across this transition. On the other hand the magnitudes of the conventional magnetocaloric effect associated with the paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition are quite comparable in these alloys.

Achieving perpendicular anisotropy in half-metallic Heusler alloys for spin device applications

Science.gov (United States)

Munira, Kamaram; Romero, Jonathon; Butler, William H.

2014-05-01

Various full Heusler alloys are interfaced with MgO and the magnetic properties of the Heusler-MgO junctions are studied. Next to MgO, the cubic Heusler system distorts to a tetragonal one, thereby inducing an anisotropy. The half-metallicity and nature of anisotropy (in-plane or perpendicular) in the Heusler-MgO system is governed mostly by the interface Heusler layers. There is a trend that Mn-O bonding near the MgO-Heusler junction results in perpendicular anisotropy. The ability to remain half-metallic and have perpendicular anisotropy makes some of these alloys potential candidates as free-layers in Spin Transfer Torque Random Access Memory (STT-RAM) devices, particularly, Cr2MnAs-MgO system with MnAs interface layers and Co2MnSi-MgO system with Mn2 interface layers.

Structural and magnetic characterization of Fe2CrSi Heusler alloy nanoparticles as spin injectors and spin based sensors

Science.gov (United States)

Saravanan, G.; Asvini, V.; Kalaiezhily, R. K.; Parveen, I. Mubeena; Ravichandran, K.

2018-05-01

Half-metallic ferromagnetic [HMF] nanoparticles are of considerable interest in spintronics applications due to their potential use as a highly spin polarized current source. HMF exhibits a semiconductor in one spin band at the Fermi level Ef and at the other spin band they poses strong metallic nature which shows 100 % spin polarization at Ef. Fe based full Heusler alloys are primary interest due to high Curie temperature. Fe2CrSi Heusler alloys are synthesized using metallic powders of Fe, Cr and Si by mechanical alloying method. X-Ray diffractions studies were performed to analyze the structural details of Fe2CrSi nanoparticles with High resolution scanning electron microscope (HRSEM) studies for the morphological details of nanoparticles and magnetic properties were studied using Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). XRD Data analysis conforms the Heusler alloy phase showing the existence of L21 structure. Magnetic properties are measured for synthesized samples exhibiting a soft magnetic property possessing low coercivity (HC = 60.5 Oe) and saturation magnetic moment of Fe2CrSi is 3.16 µB, which is significantly higher than the ideal value of 2 µB from the Slater-Pauling rule due to room temperature measurement. The change in magnetic properties are half-metallic nature of Fe2CrSi is due to the shift of the Fermi level with respect to the gap were can be used as spin sensors and spin injectors in magnetic random access memories and other spin dependent devices.

First-principles study of new series of quaternary Heusler alloys CsSrCZ (Z=Si, Ge, Sn, P, As, and Sb)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bouabça, A. [Condensed Matter and Sustainable Development Laboratory (LMCDD), University of Sidi Bel-Abbes, Sidi Bel-Abbes 22000 (Algeria); Rozale, H., E-mail: hrozale@yahoo.fr [Condensed Matter and Sustainable Development Laboratory (LMCDD), University of Sidi Bel-Abbes, Sidi Bel-Abbes 22000 (Algeria); Amar, A. [Condensed Matter and Sustainable Development Laboratory (LMCDD), University of Sidi Bel-Abbes, Sidi Bel-Abbes 22000 (Algeria); Wang, X.T. [School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400044 (China); Sayade, A. [UCCS, CNRS-UMR 8181, Université d’Artois, Faculté des Sciences Jean Perrin, Rue Jean Souvraz, SP 18, 62307 Lens Cedex (France); Chahed, A. [Condensed Matter and Sustainable Development Laboratory (LMCDD), University of Sidi Bel-Abbes, Sidi Bel-Abbes 22000 (Algeria)

2016-12-01

The structural, electronic, magnetic, and thermal properties of new quaternary Heusler alloys CsSrCZ (Z=Si, Ge, Sn, P, As, and Sb) were investigated using the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FPLAPW) within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and GGA plus modified Becke and Johnson as the exchange correlation. The results showed that all Heusler compounds were stable in Type (I) structure. The CsSrCZ (Z=Si, Ge, Sn) compounds had a nearly HM characteristic, and CsSrCZ (Z=P, As, Sb) compounds were true half-metallic (HM) ferromagnets. The strong spin polarization of p orbital for C, Si, Ge, Sn, P, As, and Sb atoms is found to be the origin of ferromagnetic. The half-metallicity is preserved up to a lattice contraction of 3.45%, 1.69%, 1.69%, 7.16%, 7.16%, and 11.2% for all six quaternary Heusler compounds. We also investigated the thermal effects using the quasi-harmonic Debye model. - Highlights: • Electronic, magnetic, and thermodynamic properties of CsSrCZ (Z=Si, Ge, Sn, P, As, and Sb) are investigated. • Until now, there have been no reports theoretical and experimental studies on d{sup 0} half-metals with quaternary structures. • The strong spin polarization of p orbital for C, Si, Ge, Sn, P, As, and Sb atoms is found to be the origin of ferromagnetic. • The half-metallicity is preserved up to a lattice contraction.

Lattice dynamics of Ru2FeX (X = Si, Ge) Full Heusler alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Rizwan, M.; Afaq, A.; Aneeza, A.

2018-05-01

In present work, the lattice dynamics of Ru2FeX (X = Si, Ge) full Heusler alloys are investigated using density functional theory (DFT) within generalized gradient approximation (GGA) in a plane wave basis, with norm-conserving pseudopotentials. Phonon dispersion curves and phonon density of states are obtained using first-principles linear response approach of density functional perturbation theory (DFPT) as implemented in Quantum ESPRESSO code. Phonon dispersion curves indicates for both Heusler alloys that there is no imaginary phonon in whole Brillouin zone, confirming dynamical stability of these alloys in L21 type structure. There is a considerable overlapping between acoustic and optical phonon modes predicting no phonon band gap exists in dispersion curves of alloys. The same result is shown by phonon density of states curves for both Heusler alloys. Reststrahlen band for Ru2FeSi is found smaller than Ru2FeGe.

Half-metallic ferromagnetic features in d{sup 0} quaternary-Heusler compounds KCaCF and KCaCCl: A first-principles description

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Du, Jiangtao [Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350 (China); Dong, Shengjie [Department of Physics, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387 (China); Lu, Yi-Lin [Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350 (China); Zhao, Hui [Department of Physics, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387 (China); Feng, Liefeng, E-mail: fengliefeng@tju.edu.cn [Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350 (China); Wang, L.Y. [Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350 (China)

2017-04-15

The electronic structures and magnetic properties of quaternary Heusler alloys KCaCF and KCaCCl have been analyzed by means of first-principles calculations on the basis of density functional theory. We found that type-3 structure is the most stable configuration where C occupies (0, 0, 0) site, K (0.25, 0.25, 0.25), F/Cl (0.5, 0.5, 0.5), and Ca (0.75, 0.75, 0.75). Type-1 arrangement is the metastable structure in which K, Ca, C, and X occupy (0, 0, 0), (0.25, 0.25, 0.25), (0.5, 0.5, 0.5), and (0.75, 0.75, 0.75) sites, respectively. Both of them are half metals with equilibrium volume. The spin polarization is predominantly from C 2p states. With the variation of the lattice constant, spin-gapless semiconducting characteristic is achieved for type-1 KCaCCl as volume increases. - Highlights: • KCaCX (X=F and Cl) alloys with quaternary-Heusler structure were designed. • They exhibit a half-metallic ferromagnetic behavior at equilibrium lattice parameter. • The spin polarization is mainly from the partially-filled p state and p-d interaction. • KCaCCl can become spin-gapless semiconductor with the variation of lattice parameter.

Transport properties of Josephson contacts with ferromagnetic tunnel barriers; Transporteigenschaften von Josephson-Kontakten mit ferromagnetischer Tunnelbarriere

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sprungmann, Dirk

2010-01-28

The combination of the Josephson and the proximity effect is possible by the introduction of a ferromagnetic barrier into a Josephson contact resulting in a so called π coupling. The supra current through these contacts is flowing in the reverse direction. Specific new electronic circuits such as phase shifting devices are possible, for instance for high-speed analog-digital transducers. In the frame of this thesis SIFS Josephson contacts were studied, with a barrier consisting of a thin insulating Al2Ox barrier layer and a ferromagnetic thin film. For the ferromagnetic material weak ferromagnetic Ni(0.6)Cu(0.4), the strong ferromagnetic Fe(0.25)Co(0.75) and the ternary Heusler alloys Co2MnSn and Cu2MnAl were used. Josephson contacts with π coupling were realized with the NiCu alloy, triplet superconductivity seems to appear with the Heusler systems.

Designing a New Ni-Mn-Sn Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloy with Excellent Performance by Cu Addition

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kun Zhang

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Both magnetic-field-induced reverse martensitic transformation (MFIRMT and a high working temperature are crucial for the application of Ni-Mn-Sn magnetic shape memory alloys. Here, by first-principles calculations, we demonstrate that the substitution of Cu for Sn is effective not only in enhancing the MFIRMT but also in increasing martensitic transformation, which is advantageous for its application. Large magnetization difference (ΔM in Ni-Mn-Sn alloy is achieved by Cu doping, which arises from the enhancement of magnetization of austenite due to the change of Mn-Mn interaction from anti-ferromagnetism to ferromagnetism. This directly leads to the enhancement of MFIRMT. Meanwhile, the martensitic transformation shifts to higher temperature, owing to the energy difference between the austenite L21 structure and the tetragonal martensite L10 structure increases by Cu doping. The results provide the theoretical data and the direction for developing a high temperature magnetic-field-induced shape memory alloy with large ΔM in the Ni-Mn-Sn Heusler alloy system.

Influence of atomic ordering on elastocaloric and magnetocaloric effects of a Ni–Cu–Mn–Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huang, Chonghui; Wang, Yu; Tang, Zhao; Liao, Xiaoqi; Yang, Sen; Song, Xiaoping

2015-01-01

Highlights: • Ni 51 Cu 4 Mn 20 Ga 25 alloy exhibits normal elastocaloric and magnetocaloric effects. • L2 1 atomic order of the alloy is increased after annealing at 773 K for 10 h. • Increasing L2 1 atomic order improves its elastocaloric and magnetocaloric effects. • Atomic ordering modifies the magnetic and martensitic transitions of the system. - Abstract: The coexisting elastocaloric and magnetocaloric effects in ferromagnetic shape memory alloys have attracted much attention for the potential application in solid state refrigeration. Previous studies show that the L2 1 atomic ordering of Heusler ferromagnetic shape memory alloys plays important role on their magnetocaloric effect. However, no research work investigates the effect of atomic ordering on their elastocaloric effect yet. In this study, we investigated the influence of atomic ordering on the elastocaloric and magnetocaloric effects of a Ni 51 Cu 4 Mn 20 Ga 25 ferromagnetic shape memory alloy. The alloy exhibits normal elastocaloric effect and normal magnetocaloric effect near room temperature. Moreover, we found that the enhancement of atomic order in this alloy can greatly increase the entropy change and refrigeration capacity of its elastocaloric and magnetocaloric effects. This is attributed to that the atomic ordering modifies the magnetic and martensitic transitions of the system

DFT investigations on mechanical stability, electronic structure and magnetism in Co2TaZ (Z = Al, Ga, In) heusler alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Khandy, Shakeel Ahmad; Gupta, Dinesh C.

2017-12-01

Ferromagnetic Heusler compounds have vast and imminent applications for novel devices, smart materials thanks to density functional theory (DFT) based simulations, which have scored out a new approach to study these materials. We forecast the structural stability of Co2TaZ alloys on the basis of total energy calculations and mechanical stability criteria. The elastic constants, robust spin-polarized ferromagnetism and electron densities in these half-metallic alloys are also discussed. The observed structural aspects calculated to predict the stability and equilibrium lattice parameters agree well with the experimental results. The elastic parameters like elastic constants, bulk, Young’s and shear moduli, poison’s and Pugh ratios, melting temperatures, etc have been put together to establish their mechanical properties. The elaborated electronic band structures along with indirect band gaps and spin polarization favour the application of these materials in spintronics and memory device technology.

Influence of atomic ordering on elastocaloric and magnetocaloric effects of a Ni–Cu–Mn–Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Huang, Chonghui [MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049 (China); Wang, Yu, E-mail: yuwang@mail.xjtu.edu.cn [MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049 (China); Multi-disciplinary Materials Research Center, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049 (China); Tang, Zhao; Liao, Xiaoqi; Yang, Sen; Song, Xiaoping [MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049 (China)

2015-05-05

Highlights: • Ni{sub 51}Cu{sub 4}Mn{sub 20}Ga{sub 25} alloy exhibits normal elastocaloric and magnetocaloric effects. • L2{sub 1} atomic order of the alloy is increased after annealing at 773 K for 10 h. • Increasing L2{sub 1} atomic order improves its elastocaloric and magnetocaloric effects. • Atomic ordering modifies the magnetic and martensitic transitions of the system. - Abstract: The coexisting elastocaloric and magnetocaloric effects in ferromagnetic shape memory alloys have attracted much attention for the potential application in solid state refrigeration. Previous studies show that the L2{sub 1} atomic ordering of Heusler ferromagnetic shape memory alloys plays important role on their magnetocaloric effect. However, no research work investigates the effect of atomic ordering on their elastocaloric effect yet. In this study, we investigated the influence of atomic ordering on the elastocaloric and magnetocaloric effects of a Ni{sub 51}Cu{sub 4}Mn{sub 20}Ga{sub 25} ferromagnetic shape memory alloy. The alloy exhibits normal elastocaloric effect and normal magnetocaloric effect near room temperature. Moreover, we found that the enhancement of atomic order in this alloy can greatly increase the entropy change and refrigeration capacity of its elastocaloric and magnetocaloric effects. This is attributed to that the atomic ordering modifies the magnetic and martensitic transitions of the system.

Ab initio study of effect of Co substitution on the magnetic properties of Ni and Pt-based Heusler alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Roy, Tufan, E-mail: tufanroyburdwan@gmail.com [Theory and Simulations Lab, HRDS, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452013 (India); Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094 (India); Chakrabarti, Aparna [Theory and Simulations Lab, HRDS, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452013 (India); Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094 (India)

2017-04-25

Using density functional theory based calculations, we have carried out in-depth studies of effect of Co substitution on the magnetic properties of Ni and Pt-based shape memory alloys. We show the systematic variation of the total magnetic moment, as a function of Co doping. A detailed analysis of evolution of Heisenberg exchange coupling parameters as a function of Co doping has been presented here. The strength of RKKY type of exchange interaction is found to decay with the increase of Co doping. We calculate and show the trend, how the Curie temperature of the systems vary with the Co doping. - Highlights: • We discuss the effects of Co doping on magnetic properties of Ni/Pt based Heusler alloys. • Indirect RKKY interaction is maximum for shape memory alloy like systems. • We predict Pt{sub 2}MnSn as a probable ferromagnetic shape memory alloy.

Magnetotransport properties of Ni-Mn-In Heusler Alloys: Giant Hall angle

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dubenko, I; Pathak, A K; Ali, N [Department of Physics, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901 (United States); Kovarskii, Y A; Prudnikov, V N; Perov, N S; Granovsky, A B, E-mail: granov@magn.r [Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 111991 (Russian Federation)

2010-01-01

We report experimental results on phase transitions, magnetic properties, resistivity, and Hall effect in Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 50-x}In{sub x} (15Heusler alloys. Several distinguishing features of magnetotransport properties were clearly observed in the vicinity of the first order structural martensitic transition at T{sub M} and the ferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition at the Curie temperature T{sub C} of the austenitic phase. It was found that the Hall resistivity {rho}{sub H}(at H = 15 kOe) is positive in martensitic and negative in austenitic phase, sharply increases in the vicinity of T{sub M} up to {rho}{sub H}(15 kOe)= 50 {mu}{Omega}{center_dot}cm. This value is almost two orders of magnitude larger than that observed at high temperature (T{approx}200 K) for any common magnetic materials, and comparable to the giant Hall effect resistivity in magnetic nanogranular alloys. The Hall angle {Theta}{sub H}=tan{sup -} {sup 1}({rho}{sub H}/{rho}) close to T{sub M} reaches tan{sup -1}(0.5) which is the highest value for known magnetic materials.

Electronic structure and magnetic properties of quaternary Heusler alloys CoRhMnZ (Z = Al, Ga, Ge and Si) via first-principle calculations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Benkabou, M. [Laboratoire des Matériaux Magnétiques, Faculté des Sciences, Université DjillaliLiabès de Sidi Bel-Abbès, Sidi Bel-Abbès 22000 (Algeria); Rached, H. [Laboratoire des Matériaux Magnétiques, Faculté des Sciences, Université DjillaliLiabès de Sidi Bel-Abbès, Sidi Bel-Abbès 22000 (Algeria); Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Hassiba Benbouali, Chlef 02000 (Algeria); Abdellaoui, A. [Laboratoire des Matériaux Magnétiques, Faculté des Sciences, Université DjillaliLiabès de Sidi Bel-Abbès, Sidi Bel-Abbès 22000 (Algeria); Rached, D., E-mail: rachdj@yahoo.fr [Laboratoire des Matériaux Magnétiques, Faculté des Sciences, Université DjillaliLiabès de Sidi Bel-Abbès, Sidi Bel-Abbès 22000 (Algeria); Khenata, R. [Laboratoire de Physique Quantique et de Modélisation Mathématique de la Matière, (LPQ3M), Université de Mascara, Mascara 29000 (Algeria); and others

2015-10-25

First-principle calculations are performed to predict the electronic structure and elastic and magnetic properties of CoRhMnZ (Z = Al, Ga, Ge and Si) Heusler alloys. The calculations employ the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave. The exchange-correlations are treated within the generalized gradient approximation of Perdew–Burke and Ernzerhof (GGA-PBE). The electronic structure calculations show that these compounds exhibit a gap in the minority states band and are clearly half-metallic ferromagnets, with the exception of the CoRhMnAl and CoRhMnGa, which are simple ferromagnets that are nearly half metallic in nature. The CoRhMnGe and CoRhMnSi compounds and their magnetic moments are in reasonable agreement with the Slater-Pauling rule, which indicates the half metallicity and high spin polarization for these compounds. At the pressure transitions, these compounds undergo a structural phase transition from the Y-type I → Y-type II phase. We have determined the elastic constants C{sub 11}, C{sub 12} and C{sub 44} and their pressure dependence, which have not previously been established experimentally or theoretically. - Highlights: • Based on DFT calculations, CoRhMnZ (Z = Al, Ga, Ge and Si) Heusler alloys were investigated. • The magnetic phase stability was determined from the total energy calculations. • The mechanical properties were investigated.

Erratum: Spin dynamics in ferromagnets: Gilbert damping and two-magnon scattering

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Zakeri, Kh.; Lindner, J.; Barsukov, I.; Meckenstock, R.; Farle, M.; von Horsten, U.; Wende, H.; Keune, W.; Rocker, J.; Kalarickal, S.S.; Lenz, K.; Kuch, W.; Baberschke, K.; Frait, Zdeněk

2009-01-01

Roč. 80, č. 5 (2009), 059901/1-059901/3 ISSN 1098-0121 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10100520 Keywords : ferromagnetic resonance * Heusler alloys Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism Impact factor: 3.475, year: 2009

Magnetic microstructure of candidates for epitaxial dual Heusler magnetic tunnel junctions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaiser, A.; Banerjee, D.; Rata, A.D.; Wiemann, C.; Cramm, S.; Schneider, C.M.

2009-01-01

Heusler alloys are considered as interesting ferromagnetic electrode materials for magnetic tunnel junctions, because of their high spin polarization. We, therefore, investigated the micromagnetic properties in a prototypical thin film system comprising two different Heusler phases Co 2 MnSi (CMS) and Co 2 FeSi (CFS) separated by a MgO barrier. The magnetic microstructure was investigated by X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (XPEEM). We find a strong influence of the Heusler phase formation process on the magnetic domain patterns. SiO 2 /V/CMS/MgO/CFS and SiO 2 /V/CFS/MgO/CMS trilayer structures exhibit a strikingly different magnetic behavior, which is due to pinhole coupling through the MgO barrier and a strong thickness dependence of the magnetic ordering in Co 2 MnSi

Martensitic transformation and magnetic properties of manganese-rich Ni-Mn-In and Ni-Mn-Sn Heusler alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krenke, T.

2007-01-01

In the present work, the martensitic transition and the magnetic properties of Manganese rich Ni 50 Mn 50-x Sn x and Ni 50 Mn 50-y In y alloys with 5 at%≤x(y)≤25 at% were investigated. Calorimetry, X-ray and neutron diffraction, magnetization, and strain measurements were performed on polycrystalline samples. It was shown that alloys close to the stoichiometric composition Ni 50 Mn 25 Sn 25 and Ni 50 Mn 25 Sn 25 do not exhibit a structural transition on lowering of the temperature, whereas alloys with x≤15 at% Tin and y≤16 at% Indium transform martensitically. The structural transition temperatures increase linearly with decreasing Tin or Indium content. The crystal structures of the low temperature martensite are modulated as well as unmodulated. Alloys with compositions close to stoichiometry are dominated by ferromagnetic interactions, whereas those close to the binary composition Ni 50 Mn 50 order antiferromagnetically. Ferromagnetic order and structural instability coexist in a narrow composition range between 13 at%≤x≤15 at% and 15 at%≤x≤16 at% for Ni 50 Mn 50-x Sn x and Ni 50 Mn 50-y In y respectively. As a consequence, interesting magnetoelastic effects are observed. The Ni 50 Mn 34 In 16 alloy shows a magnetic field-induced structural transition, whereby application of an external magnetic field in the martensitic state stabilizes the high temperature L2 1 structure. Evidence for this was given by neutron diffraction experiments in external magnetic fields. Moreover, the structural transition temperatures of this alloy show large magnetic field dependencies. By use of calorimetry, M(T), and strain measurements, changes in M s up to -11 K/Tesla are observed. Such large values have, until now, not been observed in Heusler alloys. Since during transformation the volume changes reversibly, magnetic field-induced strains of about 0.12 % appear. Additionally, the alloys Ni 50 Mn 35 Sn 15 , Ni 50 Mn 37 Sn 13 , Ni 50 Mn 34 In 16 , Ni 51.5 Mn 33 In

Synthesize and microstructure characterization of Ni43Mn41Co5Sn11 Heusler alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Elwindari, Nastiti; Manaf, Azwar

2016-01-01

The ferromagnetic heusler alloys are promising materials in many technical applications due to their multifunctional properties such as shape memory effect, magnetocaloric effect, giant magnetoresistance, etc. In this work, synthesize and characterization of polycrystalline Ni 43 Mn 41 Co 5 Sn 11 (NMCS) alloy are reported. Alloy preparation was conducted by melting the constitute elements under an innert Argon (Ar) atmosphere in a vacuum mini arc-melting furnace. Homogenization of the microstructure of the as-cast ingot was obtained after annealing process at 750°C for 48 hours. It is shown that the dendrites structure has changed to equaixed grains morphology after homogenization. Microstructure characteristics of material by x-ray diffraction revealed that the alloy has a L 21 -type cubic crystal structure as the main phase at room temperature. In order to induce the shape anisotropy, a forging treatment was applied to show the shape orientation of material. Various enhancements of magnetic properties in a longitudinal direction were observed at various degree of anisotropy. The microstructure changes of as-cast NMCS and effects of homogenization treatments as studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) are discussed in details.

A first principle study of phase stability, electronic structure and magnetic properties for Co{sub 2−x}Cr{sub x}MnAl Heusler alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rached, H. [Laboratoire des Matériaux Magnétiques, Faculté des Sciences exactes, Université Djillali Liabès de Sidi Bel-Abbès, Sidi Bel-Abbès 22000 (Algeria); Rached, D., E-mail: rachdj@yahoo.fr [Laboratoire des Matériaux Magnétiques, Faculté des Sciences exactes, Université Djillali Liabès de Sidi Bel-Abbès, Sidi Bel-Abbès 22000 (Algeria); Khenata, R. [Laboratoire de Physique Quantique et de Modélisation Mathématique de la Matière, (LPQ3M), Université de Mascara, Mascara 29000 (Algeria); Abidri, B.; Rabah, M.; Benkhettou, N. [Laboratoire des Matériaux Magnétiques, Faculté des Sciences exactes, Université Djillali Liabès de Sidi Bel-Abbès, Sidi Bel-Abbès 22000 (Algeria); Omran, S. Bin [Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O.Box 2455, Riyadh 11451 (Saudi Arabia)

2015-04-01

The structural stabilities, electronic and magnetic properties of Co{sub 2−x}Cr{sub x}MnAl alloys with (x=0,1 and 2) were investigated using the full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital (FP-LMTO) method, in the framework of the density functional theory (DFT) within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) for the exchange correlation functional. The ground state properties including lattice parameter, bulk modulus for the two considered crystal structures Hg{sub 2}CuTi-Type (X-Type) and Cu{sub 2}MnAl-Type (L2{sub 1}-Type) are calculated. The half-metallicity within ferromagnetic ground state starts to appear in CoCrMnAl and Cr2MnAl. In the objective for the proposition of the new HM-FM in the Full-Heusler alloys, our results classified CoCrMnAl as new HM-FM material with high spin polarization. - Highlights: • Based on DFT calculations, Co2-xCrxMnAl Heusler alloys have been investigated. • The magnetic phase stability was determined from the total energy calculations. • The LMTO calculations have classified CoCrMnAl as new HM-FM material with high spin polarization.

Hybrid Spintronic Structures With Magnetic Oxides and Heusler Alloys

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Xu, Y. B.; Hassan, S. S. A.; Wong, P. K. J.

2008-01-01

Hybrid spintronic structures, integrating half-metallic magnetic oxides and Heusler alloys with their predicted high spin polarization, are important for the development of second-generation spintronics with high-efficient spin injection. We have synthesized epitaxial magnetic oxide Fe3O4 on Ga......As(100) and the unit cell of the Fe3O4 was found to be rotated by 45 degrees to match the gallium arsenide GaAs. The films were found to have a bulk-like moment down to 3-4 nm and a low coercivity indicating a high-quality magnetic interface. The magnetization hysteresis loops of the ultrathin films...... are controlled by uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. The dynamic response of the sample shows a heavily damped precessional response to the applied field pulses. In the Heusler alloy system of Co-2 MnGa on GaAs, we found that the magnetic moment was reduced for thicknesses down to 10 nm, which may account...

Martensitic transformation in Heusler alloys Mn2YIn (Y=Ni, Pd and Pt): Theoretical and experimental investigation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Luo, Hongzhi; Liu, Bohua; Xin, Yuepeng; Jia, Pengzhong; Meng, Fanbin; Liu, Enke; Wang, Wenhong; Wu, Guangheng

2015-01-01

The martensitic transformation and electronic structure of Heusler alloys Mn 2 YIn (Y=Ni, Pd, Pt) have been investigated by both first-principles calculation and experimental investigation. Theoretical calculation reveals that, the energy difference ΔE between the tetragonal martensitic phase and cubic austenitic phase increases with Y varying from Ni to Pt in Mn 2 YIn. Thus a structural transition from cubic to tetragonal is most likely to happen in Heusler alloy Mn 2 PtIn. A single Heusler phase can be obtained in both Mn 2 PtIn and Mn 2 PdIn. A martensitic transformation temperature of 615 K has been identified in Mn 2 PtIn. And in Mn 2 PdIn, the austenitic phase is stable and no martensitic transformation is observed till 5 K. This indicates there may exist a positive relation between ΔE and martensitic transformation temperature. Calculated results show that Mn 2 YIn are all ferrimagnets in both austenitic and martensitic phases. The magnetic properties are mainly determined by the antiparallel aligned Mn spin moments. These findings can help to develop new FSMAs with novel properties. - Highlights: • Positive relation between ΔE and martensitic transformation temperature has been observed. • Heusler alloy Mn 2 PdIn has been synthesized successfully and investigated. • Martensitic transformation in Heusler alloys can be predicted by first -principles calculations

Systematic study of hyperfine fields in Rh2 Y Z type Heusler alloys with 119 Sn impurity using Moessbauer spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ramos, S.M.M.

1985-01-01

The magnetic hyperfine fields in the Heusler alloys Rh 2 Mn .98 Ge Sn 02 , Rh 2 Mn Ge .98 Sn .02 , Rh 2 Mn Pb .98 Sn .02 and Rh 2 Mn Sn has been studied by 119 Sn Moessbauer spectroscopy at 293 K, 77 K, 4.2 K and 293 K with applied external magnetic field. The results show that when one compare the magnetic hyperfine fields systematic with the Heusler alloys X 2 Mn Z (X = Co, Ni, Cu, Pd, and Z = s p metal), this systematic is similar to the Co alloys, although can not explained by the currents models for the Heusler alloys. (author)

Modeling of full-Heusler alloys within tight-binding approximation: Case study of Fe2MnAl

Science.gov (United States)

Azhar, A.; Majidi, M. A.; Nanto, D.

2017-07-01

Heusler alloys have been known for about a century, and predictions of magnetic moment values using Slater-Pauling rule have been successful for many such materials. However, such a simple counting rule has been found not to always work for all Heusler alloys. For instance, Fe2CuAl has been found to have magnetic moment of 3.30 µB per formula unit although the Slater-Pauling rule suggests the value of 2 µB. On the other hand, a recent experiment shows that a non-stoichiometric Heusler compound Fe2Mn0.5Cu0.5Al possesses magnetic moment of 4 µB, closer to the Slater-Pauling prediction for the stoichiometric compound. Such discrepancies signify that the theory to predict the magnetic moment of Heusler alloys in general is still far from being complete. Motivated by this issue, we propose to do a theoretical study on a full-Heusler alloy Fe2MnAl to understand the formation of magnetic moment microscopically. We model the system by constructing a density-functional-theory-based tight-binding Hamiltonian and incorporating Hubbard repulsive as well as spin-spin interactions for the electrons occupying the d-orbitals. Then, we solve the model using Green's function approach, and treat the interaction terms within the mean-field approximation. At this stage, we aim to formulate the computational algorithm for the overall calculation process. Our final goal is to compute the total magnetic moment per unit cell of this system and compare it with the experimental data.

Observation of giant exchange bias in bulk Mn50Ni42Sn8 Heusler alloy

Science.gov (United States)

Sharma, Jyoti; Suresh, K. G.

2015-02-01

We report a giant exchange bias (EB) field of 3520 Oe in bulk Mn50Ni42Sn8 Heusler alloy. The low temperature magnetic state of the martensite phase has been studied by DC magnetization and AC susceptibility measurements. Frequency dependence of spin freezing temperature (Tf) on critical slowing down relation and observation of memory effect in zero field cooling mode confirms the super spin glass (SSG) phase at low temperatures. Large EB is attributed to the strong exchange coupling between the SSG clusters formed by small regions of ferromagnetic order embedded in an antiferromagnetic (AFM) matrix. The temperature and cooling field dependence of EB have been studied and related to the change in unidirectional anisotropy at SSG/AFM interface. The training effect also corroborates with the presence of frozen (SSG) moments at the interface and their role in EB.

Quantum chemical analysis of binary and ternary ferromagnetic alloys; Quantenchemische Untersuchungen binaerer und ternaerer ferromagnetischer Legierungen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jacobs, Yasemin Erika Charlotte

2007-02-23

In this work the electronic structures, densities of states, chemical bonding, magnetic exchange Parameters and Curie temperatures of binary and ternary ferromagnetic alloys are analyzed. The electronic structure of ferromagnetic MnAl has been calculated using density-functional techniques (TB-LMTO-ASA, FPLAPW) and quantum chemically analyzed by means of the crystal orbital Hamilton population analysis. The crystal structure of the ferromagnetic tetragonal MnAl may be understood to originate from the structure of nonmagnetic cubic MnAl with a CsCl motif through a two-step process. While the nonmagnetic cubic structure is stable against a structural deformation, antibonding Mn-Mn interactions at the Fermi level lead to spin polarization and the onset of magnetism, i.e., a symmetry reduction taking place solely in the electronic degrees of freedom, by that emptying antibonding Mn-Mn states. Residual antibonding Al--Al states can only be removed by a subsequent, energetically smaller structural deformation towards the tetragonal system. As a final result, homonuclear bonding is strengthened and heteronuclear bonding is weakened. Corresponding DFT calculations of the electronic structure as well as the calculation of the chemical bonding and the magnetic exchange interactions have been performed on the basis of LDA and GGA for a series of ferromagnetic full Heusler alloys of general formula Co2MnZ (Z=Ga,Si,Ge,Sn), Rh2MnZ (Z=Ge,Sn,Pb), Ni2MnZ (Z=Ga,In,Sn), Pd2MnZ (Z=Sn,Sb) and Cu2MnZ (Z=Al,In,Sn). The connection between the electronic spectra and the magnetic interactions have been studied. Correlations between the chemical bondings in Heusler alloys derived from COHP analysis and magnetic phenomena are obvious, and different mechanisms leading to spin polarization and ferromagnetism are derived. The band dependence of the exchange parameters, their dependence on volume and valence electron concentration have been thoroughly analyzed within the Green function technique

Phase separation and antisite defects in the thermoelectric TiNiSn half-Heusler alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kirievsky, K.; Gelbstein, Y.; Fuks, D.

2013-01-01

The half-Heusler TiNiSn alloys have recently gained an attention as promising candidates for thermoelectric applications. Improvement of these alloys for such applications can be obtained by both electronic and compositional optimizations. The latter can result in a miscibility gap, allowing a phase separation in the nano-scale and consequently a thermal conductivity reduction. Combination of ab initio calculations and statistical thermodynamics was applied for studying the relative stability of a number of superstructures in TiNiSn based alloys. The quasi-binary phase diagram beyond T=0 K for TiNiSn–TiNi 2 Sn solid solutions was calculated using energy parameters extracted from the total energy calculations for ordered structures in the Ni sublattice. We demonstrated that a decomposition of the off-stoichiometric Ni-rich half-Heusler alloy into the stoichiometric TiNiSn phase and into Ni deficient Heusler TiNi 2 Sn phase occurs at elevated temperatures—an effect which recently had been observed experimentally. Furthermore, favorable energetic conditions for antisite defects formation were deduced, based on calculations of the energy of formation, an effect which was explained as a cooperative process of partial disordering on the Ni sublattice. The influence of these two effects on improvement of the thermoelectric performance of TiNiSn based half Heusler compounds is discussed. - Graphical abstract: Phase separation and antisite defects in the thermoelectric TiNiSn alloy, are covered as methods for nanostructuring and thereby enhancement of the thermoelectric potential. - Highlights: • Ab initio calculations/statistical thermodynamics was applied for studying the TiNiSn system. • The phase diagram for TiNiSn–TiNi 2 Sn solid solutions was calculated. • Decomposition of the Ni-rich HH into TiNiSn and Ni deficient TiNi 2 Sn phases was observed. • Favorable energetic conditions for antisite defects formation were deduced

Transport measurements on superconducting iron pnictides and Heusler compounds; Transportmessungen an Supraleitenden Eisenpniktiden und Heusler-Verbindungen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bombor, Dirk

2014-09-05

In this work, results of electronic transport measurements are discussed for superconducting iron pnictides as well as for ferromagnetic Heusler compounds. The iron pnictides are a recently discovered class of high temperature superconductors where magnetism might play a crucial role. While the 122-pnictides show antiferromagnetism and migrate to the superconducting state upon doping, ferromagnetism has been observed in doped LiFeAs. On the other hand, in the undoped state this material shows interesting superconducting properties. Among other properties, Heusler compounds are well known due to their ferromagnetism. Co{sub 2}FeSi, which was investigated in this work, is one of the strongest ferromagnets. Beside this, one predicts this compound to be a half-metallic ferromagnet with completely spin polarized electronic transport where all conducting electrons have the same spin. The here addressed properties can well be investigated with the method of electronic transport measurements, whose results on single crystals are discussed in this work.

Structure and magnetic properties of Heusler alloy Co{sub 2}RuSi melt-spun ribbons

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Xin, Yuepeng; Ma, Yuexing; Hao, Hongyue [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130 (China); Luo, Hongzhi, E-mail: luo_hongzhi@163.com [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130 (China); Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (China); Meng, Fanbin; Liu, Heyan [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130 (China); Liu, Enke; Wu, Guangheng [Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (China)

2017-08-01

Highlights: • New Heusler alloy Co{sub 2}RuSi has been prepared by melt-spinning successfully. • Magnetic and electronic properties of Co{sub 2}RuSi were investigated. • Ru has a strong site preference for A, C sites in the lattice of Co{sub 2}RuSi. • Site preference of Ru cannot be determined by “number of valence electrons”. - Abstract: Heusler alloy Co{sub 2}RuSi has been synthesized by melt-spinning technology successfully. Co{sub 2}RuSi bulk sample after annealing is composed of an HCP Co-rich phase and a BCC Ru-Si phase, but melt-spinning can suppress the precipitation of the HCP phase and produce a single Co{sub 2}RuSi Heusler phase. In the XRD pattern, it is found that Ru has a strong preference for the (A, C) sites, though it has fewer valence electrons compared with Co. This site preference is different from the case in Heusler alloys containing only 3d elements and is supported further by first-principles calculations. Melt-spun Co{sub 2}RuSi has a M{sub s} of 2.67 μ{sub B}/f.u. at 5 K and a Tc of 491 K. An exothermic peak is observed at 871 K in the DTA curve, corresponding to the decomposition of the Heusler phase. Finally, the site preference and magnetic properties of Co{sub 2}RuSi were discussed based on electronic structure calculation and charge density difference.

Disorder dependent half-metallicity in Mn2CoSi inverse Heusler alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Singh, Mukhtiyar; Saini, Hardev S.; Thakur, Jyoti; Reshak, Ali H.; Kashyap, Manish K.

2013-01-01

Heusler alloys based thin-films often exhibit a degree of atomic disorder which leads to the lowering of spin polarization in spintronic devices. We present ab-initio calculations of atomic disorder effects on spin polarization and half-metallicity of Mn 2 CoSi inverse Heusler alloy. The five types of disorder in Mn 2 CoSi have been proposed and investigated in detail. The A2 a -type and B2-type disorders destroy the half-metallicity whereas it sustains for all disorders concentrations in DO 3a - and A2 b -type disorder and for smallest disorder concentration studied in DO 3b -type disorder. Lower formation energy/atom for A2 b -type disorder than other four disorders in Mn 2 CoSi advocates the stability of this disorder. The total magnetic moment shows a strong dependence on the disorder and the change in chemical environment. The 100% spin polarization even in the presence of disorders explicitly supports that these disorders shall not hinder the use of Mn 2 CoSi inverse Heusler alloy in device applications. - Graphical abstract: Minority-spin gap (E g↓ ) and HM gap (E sf ) as a function of concentrations of various possible disorder in Mn 2 CoSi inverse Heusler alloy. The squares with solid line (black color)/dotted line (blue color)/dashed line (red color) reperesents E g↓ for DO 3a -/DO 3b -/A2 b -type disorder in Mn 2 CoSi and the spheres with solid line (black color)/dottedline (blue color)/dashed line (red color) represents E sf for DO 3a -/DO 3b -/A2 b -type disorder in Mn 2 CoSi. - Highlights: • The DO 3 - and A2-type disorders do not affect the half-metallicity in Mn 2 CoSi. • The B2-type disorder solely destroys half-metallicity in Mn 2 CoSi. • The A2-type disorder most probable to occur out of all three types. • The total spin magnetic moment strongly depends on the disorder concentrations

Ab initio studies on electronic and magnetic properties of X2PtGa (X=Cr, Mn, Fe, Co) Heusler alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Roy, Tufan; Chakrabarti, Aparna

2017-01-01

Using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory, we probe the electronic and magnetic properties of X 2 PtGa (X being Cr, Mn, Fe, Co) Heusler alloys. Our calculations predict that all these systems possess inverse Heusler alloy structure in the respective ground states. Application of tetragonal distortion leads to lowering of energy with respect to their cubic phase. The equilibrium volumes of both the phases are nearly the same. These indicate that the materials studied here are prone to undergo martensite transition, as has been recently shown theoretically for Mn 2 PtGa in the literature. Ground state with a tetragonal symmetry is corroborated by the observation of soft tetragonal shear constants in the cubic phase. By comparing the energies of various types of magnetic configurations we predict that Cr 2 PtGa and Mn 2 PtGa possess ferrimagnetic configuration whereas Fe 2 PtGa and Co 2 PtGa possess ferromagnetic configuration in their respective ground states. - Highlights: • We predict stable martensitic phase of X 2 PtGa (X=Cr, Mn, Fe, Co). • Co 2 PtGa possesses least inherent brittleness among all the materials. • Martensite transitions are possible for the investigated materials. • A tetragonal ground state with high spin polarization is predicted for Co 2 PtGa.

Synthesize and microstructure characterization of Ni{sub 43}Mn{sub 41}Co{sub 5}Sn{sub 11} Heusler alloy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Elwindari, Nastiti; Manaf, Azwar, E-mail: azwar@ui.ac.id [Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424 (Indonesia)

2016-06-17

The ferromagnetic heusler alloys are promising materials in many technical applications due to their multifunctional properties such as shape memory effect, magnetocaloric effect, giant magnetoresistance, etc. In this work, synthesize and characterization of polycrystalline Ni{sub 43}Mn{sub 41}Co{sub 5}Sn{sub 11} (NMCS) alloy are reported. Alloy preparation was conducted by melting the constitute elements under an innert Argon (Ar) atmosphere in a vacuum mini arc-melting furnace. Homogenization of the microstructure of the as-cast ingot was obtained after annealing process at 750°C for 48 hours. It is shown that the dendrites structure has changed to equaixed grains morphology after homogenization. Microstructure characteristics of material by x-ray diffraction revealed that the alloy has a L{sub 21}-type cubic crystal structure as the main phase at room temperature. In order to induce the shape anisotropy, a forging treatment was applied to show the shape orientation of material. Various enhancements of magnetic properties in a longitudinal direction were observed at various degree of anisotropy. The microstructure changes of as-cast NMCS and effects of homogenization treatments as studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) are discussed in details.

Ab initio studies on electronic and magnetic properties of X{sub 2}PtGa (X=Cr, Mn, Fe, Co) Heusler alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Roy, Tufan, E-mail: aparnachakrabarti@gmail.com [Homi Bhaba National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094 (India); Chakrabarti, Aparna [Homi Bhaba National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094 (India); Indus Synchrotrons Utilization Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452013 (India)

2017-02-01

Using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory, we probe the electronic and magnetic properties of X{sub 2}PtGa (X being Cr, Mn, Fe, Co) Heusler alloys. Our calculations predict that all these systems possess inverse Heusler alloy structure in the respective ground states. Application of tetragonal distortion leads to lowering of energy with respect to their cubic phase. The equilibrium volumes of both the phases are nearly the same. These indicate that the materials studied here are prone to undergo martensite transition, as has been recently shown theoretically for Mn{sub 2}PtGa in the literature. Ground state with a tetragonal symmetry is corroborated by the observation of soft tetragonal shear constants in the cubic phase. By comparing the energies of various types of magnetic configurations we predict that Cr{sub 2}PtGa and Mn{sub 2}PtGa possess ferrimagnetic configuration whereas Fe{sub 2}PtGa and Co{sub 2}PtGa possess ferromagnetic configuration in their respective ground states. - Highlights: • We predict stable martensitic phase of X{sub 2}PtGa (X=Cr, Mn, Fe, Co). • Co{sub 2}PtGa possesses least inherent brittleness among all the materials. • Martensite transitions are possible for the investigated materials. • A tetragonal ground state with high spin polarization is predicted for Co{sub 2}PtGa.

Effect of NiAl underlayer and spacer on magnetoresistance of current-perpendicular-to-plane spin valves using Co2Mn(Ga0.5Sn0.5) Heusler alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hase, N.; Nakatani, T.M.; Kasai, S.; Takahashi, Y.K.; Furubayashi, T.; Hono, K.

2012-01-01

We investigated the effect of a NiAl underlayer and spacer on magnetoresistive (MR) properties in current-perpendicular-to-plane spin valves (CPP-SVs) using Co 2 Mn(Ga 0.5 Sn 0.5 ) (CMGS) Heusler alloy ferromagnetic layers. The usage of a NiAl underlayer allowed a high temperature annealing for the L2 1 ordering of the bottom CMGS layer, giving rise to a MR ratio of 10.2% at room temperature. We found that the usage of a NiAl spacer layer also improved the tolerance of the multilayer structure against thermal delamination, which allowed annealing to induce the L2 1 structure in both the bottom and top CMGS layers. However, the short spin diffusion length of NiAl resulted in a lower MR ratio compared to that obtained using a Ag spacer. Transmission electron microscopy of the multilayer structure of CPP-SVs showed that the atomically flat layered structure was maintained after the annealing. - Highlights: → CPP spin valves using Co 2 Mn(Ga 0.5 Sn 0.5 ) ferromagnetic layers with a new underlayer material. → NiAl underlayer and spacer improve the thermal tolerance of the spin valve structure. → NiAl underlayer improves MR ratio compared to Ag because of higher annealing temperature. → NiAl spacer degrades MR ratios compared to Ag because of short spin diffusion length. → Potential of heat resistant underlayer and spacer layer for CPP-SV using Heusler alloy.

Structural, transport, magnetic, magnetocaloric properties and critical analysis of Ni-Co-Mn-Ga Heusler alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Arumugam, S.; Devarajan, U.; Esakki Muthu, S.; Singh, Sanjay; Thiyagarajan, R.; Raja, M. Manivel; Rama Rao, N. V.; Banerjee, Alok

2017-11-01

In this work, we have investigated structural, transport, magnetic, magnetocaloric (MC) properties and critical exponents analysis of the (Ni2.1-xCox)Mn0.9 Ga (x = 0, 0.04, 0.12 and 0.2) Heusler alloys. For all compositions, cubic austenite (A) phase with metallic character is observed at room temperature (RT). With increasing of Co content, magnitude of resistivity decreases, whereas residual resistivity (ρ0) and electron scattering factor (A) increases linearly. Magnetic measurements exhibit that ferromagnetic (FM) Curie temperature (TCA) increases towards RT by increasing Co concentration. All samples show conventional MC and maximum magnetic entropy change (ΔSMpeak) of -2.8 Jkg-1 K-1 is observed for x = 0.12 at 147 K under 5 T. Further, hysteresis is observed between cooling and warming cycles around FM-PM (TCA) transition in x = 0, 0.04 samples, which suggests that first order nature of transition. However, there is no hysteresis across TCA for x = 0.12 and 0.2 samples suggesting second-order nature of the transition. The critical exponents are calculated for x = 0.12 sample around TCA using Arrott plot and Kouvel-Fisher method, the estimated critical exponents are found closer to the mean-field model reveals the long range ferromagnetic ordering in this composition.

Spin transport at high temperatures in epitaxial Heusler alloy/n-GaAs lateral spin valves

Science.gov (United States)

Peterson, Timothy A.; Christie, Kevin D.; Patel, Sahil J.; Crowell, Paul A.; Palmstrøm, Chris J.

2015-03-01

We report on electrical injection and detection of spin accumulation in ferromagnet/ n-GaAs lateral spin-valve devices, observed up to and above room temperature. The ferromagnet in these measurements is the Heusler alloy Co2FeSi, and the semiconductor channel is GaAs doped at 3 ×1016 cm-3. The spin signal is enhanced by operating the detection contact under forward bias. The enhancement originates from drift effects at low-temperatures and an increase of the detection efficiency at all temperatures. The detector bias dependence of the observed spin-valve signal is interpreted by taking into account the quantum well (QW) which forms in the degenerately doped region immediately behind the Schottky tunnel barrier. In particular, we believe the QW is responsible for the minority spin accumulation (majority spin current) under large forward bias. The spin diffusion length and lifetime are determined by measuring the separation dependence of the non-local spin valve signal in a family of devices patterned by electron beam lithography. A spin diffusion length of 700 nm and lifetime of 46 picoseconds are found at a temperature of 295 K. This work was supported by the NSF under DMR-1104951, the NSF MRSEC program and C-SPIN, a SRC STARNET center sponsored by MARCO and DARPA.

The effect of disorder on electronic and magnetic properties of quaternary Heusler alloy CoFeMnSi with LiMgPbSb-type structure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Feng, Yu; Chen, Hong; Yuan, Hongkuan; Zhou, Ying; Chen, Xiaorui

2015-01-01

Thin films based on Heusler alloy often lost their theoretical predicted ultra-high spin polarization owing to the appearance of disorder. Using the first-principles calculations within density functional theory (DFT), we investigate the effect of disorder including antisite and swap on electronic and magnetic properties of quaternary Heusler alloy CoFeMnSi with LiMgPbSb-type structure. Twelve kinds of antisites and six kinds of swap disorders are proposed and studied comprehensively. In our calculations, Co(Fe)-, Mn(Fe)-, Si(Mn)-antisite and Co–Fe swap disorders are most favorable due to their lowest formation energies. Moreover, the positive binding energies of Co–Fe, Co–Si, Fe–Si and Mn–Si swap disorders with respect to their corresponding antisite disorders indicate that these complex swap disorders are more stable compared with their corresponding isolated antisite disorders. The investigations on density of states (DOS) show that the spin down energy gap of disordered structures suffers contraction and their DOS entirely move towards lower zone. Besides, the 100% spin polarization is maintained in all structures with antisite and swap disorders except for those with Co(Mn)-, Co(Si)-antisite and Co–Mn, Co–Si swap disorders. Therefore, the half-metallicity of quaternary Heusler alloy CoFeMnSi is quite robust against interfering effects such as Si(Mn), Co(Fe) and Co–Fe disorders most possibly formed in the growth. - Highlights: • CoFeMnSi with LiMgPbSb-type structure is found to be a half-metallic ferromagnet. • Si(Mn), Co(Fe), Mn(Fe) antisites and Co–Fe swap disorders are most likely to form. • The half-metallicity of CoFeMnSi is robust against the most possible disorders. • The magnetic moments of the most possible disorders follow the Pauli-Slater rule

Thermoelectric properties of fine-grained FeVSb half-Heusler alloys tuned to p-type by substituting vanadium with titanium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zou, Minmin; Li, Jing-Feng; Kita, Takuji

2013-01-01

Fine-grained Ti-doped FeVSb half-Heusler alloys were synthesized by combining mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering and their thermoelectric properties were investigated with an emphasis on the influences of Ti doping and phase purity. It was found that substituting V with Ti can change the electrical transport behavior from n-type to p-type due to one less valence electron of Ti than V, and the sample with nominal composition FeV 0.8 Ti 0.4 Sb exhibits the largest Seebeck coefficient and the maximum power factor. By optimizing the sintering temperature and applying annealing treatment, the power factor is significantly improved and the thermal conductivity is reduced simultaneously, resulting in a ZT value of 0.43 at 500 °C, which is relatively high as for p-type half-Heusler alloys containing earth-abundant elements. - Graphical abstract: Fine-grained Ti-doped FeVSb alloys were prepared by the MA-SPS method. The maximum ZT value reaches 0.43 at 500 °C, which is relatively high for p-type half-Heusler alloys. Highlights: ► Ti-doped FeVSb half-Heusler alloys were synthesized by combining MA and SPS. ► Substituting V with Ti changes the electrical behavior from n-type to p-type. ► Thermoelectric properties are improved by optimizing sintering temperature. ► Thermoelectric properties are further improved by applying annealing treatment. ► A high ZT value of 0.43 is obtained at 500 °C for p-type Ti-doped FeVSb alloys.

Structural, mechanical, electronic and magnetic properties of a new series of quaternary Heusler alloys CoFeMnZ (Z=Si, As, Sb): A first-principle study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Elahmar, M.H.; Rached, H.; Rached, D. [Laboratoire des Matériaux Magnétiques, Faculté des Sciences, Université Djillali Liabès de SidiBel-Abbès, SidiBel-Abbès 22000 (Algeria); Khenata, R., E-mail: khenata_rabah@yahoo.fr [Laboratoire de Physique Quantique et de Modélisation Mathématique, Université de Mascara, 29000 (Algeria); Murtaza, G. [Materials Modeling Lab, Department of Physics, Islamia College Peshawar, KPK (Pakistan); Bin Omran, S. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451 (Saudi Arabia); Ahmed, W.K. [ERU, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates)

2015-11-01

The structural, mechanical, electronic and magnetic properties of the series of Heusler alloys CoFeMnZ (Z=Si, As, and Sb) have been investigated theoretically. The objective is to seek for stable half-metallic ferromagnets materials with Curie temperatures higher than room temperature. The series of CoFeMnZ (Z=Si, As and Sb) is found to exhibit half-metallic ferromagnetism with high magnetic moment and the localized moment in these magnetic compounds resides at the Mn atom. It has been observed that all our compounds have high Curie temperatures with high spin polarizations. - Highlights: • Density functional calculations for CoFeMnZ (Z=Si, As, Sb) compounds are performed. • Half-metallic ferromagnetism in CoFeMnZ (Z=Si, As, Sb) compounds is established. • The magnetic and mechanical properties for CoFeMnZ (Z=As, Sb) are studied for the first time. • The studied compounds possess high Curie temperatures with high spin polarizations.

Half-metallic ferromagnetism in full-Heusler compounds ACaX2 (A = K and Rb; X = N and O)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Umamaheswari, R.; Vijayalakshmi, D.; Yogeswari, M.; Kalpana, G.

2014-01-01

Electronic structure and magnetic properties of hypothetical ACaX 2 (A = K and Rb; X= N and O) compounds in full-Heusler phase have been investigated based on density functional theory (DFT) within the local density approximation (LDA). The electronic band structures and density of states of these compounds show that the spin-down electrons have metallic, and the spin-up electrons have a semi conducting gap resulting in stable half-metallic ferromagnetic behaviour. The strong spin polarization of 2p states of N and O atoms is found to be the origin of ferromagnetism which results in a total magnetic moment of 3 μB and 1 μB respectively

Band structure of the quaternary Heusler alloys ScMnFeSn and ScFeCoAl

Science.gov (United States)

Shanthi, N.; Teja, Y. N.; Shaji, Shephine M.; Hosamani, Shashikala; Divya, H. S.

2018-04-01

In our quest for materials with specific applications, a theoretical study plays an important role in predicting the properties of compounds. Heusler alloys or compounds are the most studied in this context. More recently, a lot of quaternary Heusler compounds are investigated for potential applications in fields like Spintronics. We report here our preliminary study of the alloys ScMnFeSn and ScFeCoAl, using the ab-initio linear muffin-tin orbital method within the atomic sphere approximation (LMTO-ASA). The alloy ScMnFeSn shows perfect half-metallicity, namely, one of the spins shows a metallic behaviour and the other spin shows semi-conducting behaviour. Such materials find application in devices such as the spin-transfer torque random access memory (STT-MRAM). In addition, the alloy ScMnFeSn is found to have an integral magnetic moment of 4 µB, as predicted by the Slater-Pauling rule. The alloy ScFeCoAl does not show half-metallicity.

Thermoelectric Properties of the XCoSb (X: Ti,Zr,Hf) Half-Heusler Alloys

KAUST Repository

Gandi, Appala; Schwingenschlö gl, Udo

2017-01-01

We investigate the thermoelectric properties of the half-Heusler alloys XCoSb (X: Ti,Zr,Hf) by solving Boltzmann transport equations and discuss them in terms of the electronic band structure. The rigid band approximation is employed to address

Pressure dependence of Curie temperature and resisitvity in complex Heusler alloys

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Bose, S. K.; Kudrnovský, Josef; Drchal, Václav; Turek, I.

2011-01-01

Roč. 84, č. 17 (2011), 174422/1-174422/8 ISSN 1098-0121 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA202/09/0775 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10100520 Keywords : Curie temperature * resistivity * Heusler alloys * hydrostatic pressure * first-principles Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism Impact factor: 3.691, year: 2011

Investigation of multifunctional properties of Mn{sub 50}Ni{sub 40−x}Co{sub x}Sn{sub 10} (x = 0–6) Heusler alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sharma, Jyoti; Suresh, K.G., E-mail: suresh@phy.iitb.ac.in

2015-01-25

Highlights: • Mn{sub 50}Ni{sub 40−x}Co{sub x}Sn{sub 10} Heusler alloys exhibit multifunctional properties. • Co doping results decrease in martensitic transition temperature and increase in T{sub C}{sup A}. • Ferromagnetic coupling increases with increase in Co concentration. • Large positive ΔS{sub M} of 10.5 J/kg K and large RCP of 125 J/kg was obtained for x = 1. • Large exchange bias field of 833 Oe was observed for Mn{sub 50}Ni{sub 39}Co{sub 1}Sn{sub 10} alloy. - Abstract: A series of Co doped Mn{sub 50}Ni{sub 40−x}Co{sub x}Sn{sub 10} (x = 0, 1, 2, 2.5, 3, 4 and 6) Heusler alloys has been investigated for their structural, magnetic, magnetocaloric and exchange bias properties. The martensitic transition temperatures are found to decrease with the increase in Co concentration due to the decrease in valence electron concentration (e/a ratio). The Curie temperature of austenite phase increases significantly with increasing Co concentration. A large positive magnetic entropy change (ΔS{sub M}) of 8.6 and 10.5 J/kg K, for a magnetic field change of 50 kOe is observed for x = 0 and 1 alloys, and ΔS{sub M} values decreases for higher Co concentrations. The relative cooling power shows a monotonic increase with the increase in Co concentration. Large exchange bias fields of 920 Oe and 833 Oe have been observed in the alloys with compositions x = 0 and 1, after field cooling in presence of 10 kOe. The unidirectional anisotropy arising at the interface between the frustrated and ferromagnetic phases is responsible for the large exchange bias observed in these alloys. With increase in Co, the magnetically frustrated phase diminishes in strength, giving rise to a decrease in the exchange bias effect for larger Co concentration. The exchange bias fields observed for compositions x = 0 and 1, in the present case are larger than that reported for Co doped Ni–Mn–Z (Z = Sn, Sb, and Ga) alloys. Temperature and cooling field dependence of the exchange bias

Study of electronic structure and magnetic properties of epitaxial Co{sub 2}FeAl Heusler Alloy Thin Films

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Soni, S. [Department of Pure & Applied Physics, University of Kota, Kota 324007 (India); Dalela, S., E-mail: sdphysics@rediffmail.com [Department of Pure & Applied Physics, University of Kota, Kota 324007 (India); Sharma, S.S. [Department of Physics, Govt. Women Engineering College, Ajmer (India); Liu, E.K.; Wang, W.H.; Wu, G.H. [State Key Laboratory for Magnetism, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (China); Kumar, M. [Department of Physics, Malviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur-302017 (India); Garg, K.B. [Department of Physics, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004 (India)

2016-07-25

This work reports the magnetic and electronic characterization of plane magnetized buried Heusler Co{sub 2}FeAl nano thin films of different thickness by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measurements. . The spectra on both Fe- and Co L{sub 2,3} edges show a pronounced magnetic dichroic signal in remanence, corresponding to a ferromagnetically-aligned moments on Fe and Co atoms conditioning the peculiar characteristics of the Co{sub 2}FeAl Heusler compound (a half-metallic ferromagnet). The detailed knowledge of the related magnetic and electronic properties of these samples over a wide range of thickness of films are indispensable for achieving a higher tunnel magnetoresistance ratio, and thus for spintronics device applications. - Highlights: • Electronic structure and Magnetic Properties of Epitaxial Co{sub 2}FeAl Heusler Films. • X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). • Fe- and Co L{sub 2,3} edges show a pronounced magnetic dichroic signal in remanence. • Calculated Orbital, Spin and total magnetic moments of Fe and Co for 30 nm Co{sub 2}FeAl thin film. • The total magnetic moment of Fe at L{sub 2,3} edges increases with the thickness of the Co2FeAl films.

Magnetocaloric effect in Heusler shape-memory alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Planes, A.; Manosa, Ll.; Moya, X.; Krenke, T.; Acet, M.; Wassermann, E.F.

2007-01-01

We present a comparative study of the magnetocaloric properties of Ni-Mn-X Heusler shape-memory alloys with X=Ga, Sn and In. In these materials, the magnetocaloric effect is a consequence of the magnetostructural coupling that enables the magnetic shape-memory properties. We show that inverse magnetocaloric effects can occur in these materials. The origin of this anomalous behavior is different in stoichiometric Ni 2 MnGa and in Ni-Mn-Sn/In. In the former case it is related to the strong uniaxial magnetic anisotropy of the martensitic phase, while in the later it is an intrinsic effect associated with an incipient antiferromagnetism

Ground state properties and thermoelectric behavior of Ru{sub 2}VZ (Z=Si, ge, sn) half-metallic ferromagnetic full-Heusler compounds

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yalcin, Battal Gazi

2016-06-15

The ground state properties namely structural, mechanical, electronic and magnetic properties and thermoelectric behavior of Ru{sub 2}VZ (Z=Si, Ge and Sn) half-metallic ferromagnetic full-Heusler compounds are systematically investigated. These compounds are ferromagnetic and crystallize in the Heusler type L2{sub 1} structure (prototype: Cu{sub 2}MnAl, Fm-3m 225). This result is confirmed for Ru{sub 2}VSi and Ru{sub 2}VSn by experimental work reported by Yin and Nash using high temperature direct reaction calorimetry. The studied materials are half-metallic ferromagnets with a narrow direct band gap in the minority spin channel that amounts to 31 meV, 66 meV and 14 meV for Ru{sub 2}VSi, Ru{sub 2}VGe, and Ru{sub 2}VSn, respectively. The total spin magnetic moment (M{sub tot}) of the considered compounds satisfies a Slater–Pauling type rule for localized magnetic moment systems (M{sub tot}=(N{sub V}−24)µ{sub B}), where N{sub V}=25 is the number of valence electrons in the primitive cell. The Curie temperature within the random phase approximation (RPA) is found to be 23 K, 126 K and 447 K for Ru{sub 2}VSi, Ru{sub 2}VGe and Ru{sub 2}VSn, respectively. Semi-classical Boltzmann transport theories have been used to obtain thermoelectric constants, such as Seebeck coefficient (S), electrical (σ/τ) and thermal conductivity (κ/τ), power factor (PF) and the Pauli magnetic susceptibility (χ). ZT{sub MAX} values of 0.016 (350 K), 0.033 (380 K) and 0.063 (315 K) are achieved for Ru{sub 2}VSi, Ru{sub 2}VGe and Ru{sub 2}VSn, respectively. It is expected that the obtained results might be a trigger in future experimentally interest in this type of full-Heusler compounds. - Graphical abstract: Temperature dependence of figure of merit for Ru{sub 2}VZ (Z=Si, Ge, and Sn) compounds. - Highlights: • The ground state and thermoelectric properties are reported for the first time. • Ru{sub 2}VZ are found to be a half-metallic ferromagnetic full Heusler compound. • The

High thermoelectric figure of merit by resonant dopant in half-Heusler alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Long; Liu, Yamei; He, Jian; Tritt, Terry M.; Poon, S. Joseph

2017-06-01

Half-Heusler alloys have been one of the benchmark high temperature thermoelectric materials owing to their thermal stability and promising figure of merit ZT. Simonson et al. early showed that small amounts of vanadium doped in Hf0.75Zr0.25NiSn enhanced the Seebeck coefficient and correlated the change with the increased density of states near the Fermi level. We herein report a systematic study on the role of vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), and tantalum (Ta) as prospective resonant dopants in enhancing the ZT of n-type half-Heusler alloys based on Hf0.6Zr0.4NiSn0.995Sb0.005. The V doping was found to increase the Seebeck coefficient in the temperature range 300-1000 K, consistent with a resonant doping scheme. In contrast, Nb and Ta act as normal n-type dopants, as evident by the systematic decrease in electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficient. The combination of enhanced Seebeck coefficient due to the presence of V resonant states and the reduced thermal conductivity has led to a state-of-the-art ZT of 1.3 near 850 K in n-type (Hf0.6Zr0.4)0.99V0.01NiSn0.995Sb0.005 alloys.

Observation of giant exchange bias in bulk Mn{sub 50}Ni{sub 42}Sn{sub 8} Heusler alloy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sharma, Jyoti; Suresh, K. G., E-mail: suresh@iitb.ac.in [Magnetic Materials Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076 (India)

2015-02-16

We report a giant exchange bias (EB) field of 3520 Oe in bulk Mn{sub 50}Ni{sub 42}Sn{sub 8} Heusler alloy. The low temperature magnetic state of the martensite phase has been studied by DC magnetization and AC susceptibility measurements. Frequency dependence of spin freezing temperature (T{sub f}) on critical slowing down relation and observation of memory effect in zero field cooling mode confirms the super spin glass (SSG) phase at low temperatures. Large EB is attributed to the strong exchange coupling between the SSG clusters formed by small regions of ferromagnetic order embedded in an antiferromagnetic (AFM) matrix. The temperature and cooling field dependence of EB have been studied and related to the change in unidirectional anisotropy at SSG/AFM interface. The training effect also corroborates with the presence of frozen (SSG) moments at the interface and their role in EB.

Martensitic transformation and magnetic properties of manganese-rich Ni-Mn-In and Ni-Mn-Sn Heusler alloys; Untersuchung der martensitischen Umwandlung und der magnetischen Eigenschaften Mangan-reicher Ni-Mn-In- und Ni-Mn-Sn-Heusler-Legierungen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Krenke, T.

2007-06-29

In the present work, the martensitic transition and the magnetic properties of Manganese rich Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 50-x}Sn{sub x} and Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 50-y}In{sub y} alloys with 5 at%{<=}x(y){<=}25 at% were investigated. Calorimetry, X-ray and neutron diffraction, magnetization, and strain measurements were performed on polycrystalline samples. It was shown that alloys close to the stoichiometric composition Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 25}Sn{sub 25} and Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 25}Sn{sub 25} do not exhibit a structural transition on lowering of the temperature, whereas alloys with x{<=}15 at% Tin and y{<=}16 at% Indium transform martensitically. The structural transition temperatures increase linearly with decreasing Tin or Indium content. The crystal structures of the low temperature martensite are modulated as well as unmodulated. Alloys with compositions close to stoichiometry are dominated by ferromagnetic interactions, whereas those close to the binary composition Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 50} order antiferromagnetically. Ferromagnetic order and structural instability coexist in a narrow composition range between 13 at%{<=}x{<=}15 at% and 15 at%{<=}x{<=}16 at% for Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 50-x}Sn{sub x} and Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 50-y}In{sub y} respectively. As a consequence, interesting magnetoelastic effects are observed. The Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 34}In{sub 16} alloy shows a magnetic field-induced structural transition, whereby application of an external magnetic field in the martensitic state stabilizes the high temperature L2{sub 1} structure. Evidence for this was given by neutron diffraction experiments in external magnetic fields. Moreover, the structural transition temperatures of this alloy show large magnetic field dependencies. By use of calorimetry, M(T), and strain measurements, changes in M{sub s} up to -11 K/Tesla are observed. Such large values have, until now, not been observed in Heusler alloys. Since during transformation the volume changes reversibly, magnetic field-induced strains of about

Probing the random distribution of half-metallic Co2Mn1-xFexSi Heusler alloys

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Wurmehl, S.; Kohlhepp, J.T.; Swagten, H.J.M.; Koopmans, B.; Wójcik, M.; Balke, B.; Blum, C.G.F.; Ksenofontov, V.; Fecher, G.H.; Felser, C.

2007-01-01

Co2Mn1-xFexSi Heusler alloys crystallize in the L21 structure. This structure type requires random distribution of Mn and Fe in case of the mixed alloys. The spin echo nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique probes the direct local environments of the active atoms and is thus able to resolve next

(V,Nb)-doped half Heusler alloys based on {Ti,Zr,Hf}NiSn with high ZT

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rogl, G.; Sauerschnig, P.; Rykavets, Z.; Romaka, V.V.; Heinrich, P.; Hinterleitner, B.; Grytsiv, A.; Bauer, E.; Rogl, P.

2017-01-01

Half Heusler alloys are among the most promising materials for thermoelectric generators as they can be used in a wide temperature range and their starting materials are abundant and cheap, the latter as long as no hafnium is involved. For Sb-doped Ti 0.5 Zr 0.25 Hf 0.25 NiSn Sakurada and Shutoh in 2008 have published ZT max  = 1.5 at 690 K, a value that hitherto was never reproduced independently. In this paper we successfully prepared Ti 0.5 Zr 0.25 Hf 0.25 NiSn with ZT max  = 1.5, however, at higher temperature (825 K). As the main goal is to produce hafnium – free half Heusler alloys, we investigated the influence of niobium or vanadium dopants on Ti x Zr 1−x NiSn 0.98 Sb 0.02 , reaching ZTs > 1.2 and thermal-electric conversion efficiencies up to 13.1%. For Hf-free n-type TiNiSn-based half Heusler alloys these values are unsurpassed. In order to further improve our thermoelectric materials our study is completed by electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity data in the low temperature range but also by mechanical properties (elastic moduli, hardness) at room temperature. The electrical properties have been discussed in comparison with DFT calculations.

Local moments and electronic correlations in Fe-based Heusler alloys: Kα x-ray emission spectra measurements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Svyazhin, Artem; Kurmaev, Ernst; Shreder, Elena; Shamin, Sergey; Sahle, Christoph J.

2016-01-01

Heusler alloys are a property-rich class of materials, intensively investigated today from both theoretical and real-world application points of view. In this paper, we attempt to shed light on the role of electronic correlations in the Fe_2MeAl group (where Me represents all 3d elements from Ti to Ni) of Heusler alloys. For this purpose, we have investigated the local moments of iron by means of the x-ray emission spectroscopy technique. To obtain numerical values of local moments, the Kα-FWHM method has been employed for the first time. In every compound of the group, the presence of a local moment on the Fe atom was detected. As has been revealed, the values of these moments are temperature-independent, pointing to an insufficiency of a pure itinerant approach to magnetism in these alloys. We also comprehensively compare the usage of Kβ main lines and Kα spectra as tools for the probing of local moments and point out the significant advantages of the latter. - Highlights: • Local spin moments of iron in Fe_2MeAl (Me = Ti … Ni) Heusler alloys were investigated by means of x-ray emission spectroscopy. • Independence of the local moments from temperature confirms their localized nature. • A local moment value of iron in Fe_2MeAl raises with the atomic number of element Me. • The applicability of the Kα x-ray emission line for extracting local moment values of 3d elements was established.

Large magnetoresistance in Heusler-alloy-based epitaxial magnetic junctions with semiconducting Cu(In{sub 0.8}Ga{sub 0.2})Se{sub 2} spacer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kasai, S. [Research Center for Magnetic and Spintronic Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047 (Japan); Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198 (Japan); Takahashi, Y. K.; Ohkubo, T. [Research Center for Magnetic and Spintronic Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047 (Japan); Cheng, P.-H.; Ikhtiar,; Mitani, S.; Hono, K. [Research Center for Magnetic and Spintronic Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047 (Japan); Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577 (Japan); Kondou, K. [Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198 (Japan); Otani, Y. [Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198 (Japan); Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8581 (Japan)

2016-07-18

We investigated the structure and magneto-transport properties of magnetic junctions using a Co{sub 2}Fe(Ga{sub 0.5}Ge{sub 0.5}) Heusler alloy as ferromagnetic electrodes and a Cu(In{sub 0.8}Ga{sub 0.2})Se{sub 2} (CIGS) semiconductor as spacers. Owing to the semiconducting nature of the CIGS spacer, large magnetoresistance (MR) ratios of 40% at room temperature and 100% at 8 K were obtained for low resistance-area product (RA) values between 0.3 and 3 Ω μm{sup 2}. Transmission electron microscopy observations confirmed the fully epitaxial growth of the chalcopyrite CIGS layer, and the temperature dependence of RA indicated that the large MR was due to spin dependent tunneling.

Synthesis, structural, magnetic and optical properties of Sr2CoSn based inverse Heusler alloy nanoparticles

Science.gov (United States)

Asvini, V.; Saravanan, G.; Kalaiezhily, R. K.; Ravichandran, K.

2018-05-01

The peculiar ternary full Heusler alloy Sr2CoSn nanoparticles are synthesized by co-precipitation method. X- ray diffraction pattern confirms the formation of XA or Xα structure of Sr2CoSn. Using Williamson-Hall plot (W-H plot), we are able to use the uniform deformation model and get low value of strain induced broadening. UV-Visible absorption spectrum shows sharp absorption peak at 210 nm and the estimated band gap energy of Sr2CoSn Heusler alloy nanoparticles is Eg = 4.6 eV (from Tauc plot). The presence of Sr2CoSn with the particle size of approximately 90 nm was observed using high resolution scanning electron microscopy. The magnetization measurements were carried out using VSM and studied M verses H hysteresis studies.

Large tunnel magnetoresistance at room temperature with a Co2FeAl full-Heusler alloy electrode

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Okamura, S.; Miyazaki, A.; Sugimoto, S.; Tezuka, N.; Inomata, K.

2005-01-01

Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with a Co 2 FeAl Heusler alloy electrode are fabricated by the deposition of the film using an ultrahigh vacuum sputtering system followed by photolithography and Ar ion etching. A tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) of 47% at room temperature (RT) are obtained in a stack of Co 2 FeAl/Al-O x /Co 75 Fe 25 magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) fabricated on a thermally oxidized Si substrate despite the A2 type atomic site disorder for Co 2 FeAl. There is no increase of TMR in MTJs with the B2 type Co 2 FeAl, which is prepared by the deposition on a heated substrate. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) depth profiles in Co 2 FeAl single layer films reveal that Al atoms in Co 2 FeAl are oxidized preferentially at the surfaces. On the other hand, at the interfaces in Co 2 FeAl/Al-O x /Co 75 Fe 25 MTJs, the ferromagnetic layers are hardly oxidized during plasma oxidation for a formation of Al oxide barriers

Ferromagnetic resonance study of the half-Heusler alloy NiMnSb. The benefit of using NiMnSb as a ferromagnetic layer in pseudo-spin-valve based spin-torque oscillators

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Riegler, Andreas

2011-11-25

Since the discovery of spin torque in 1996, independently by Berger and Slonczewski, and given its potential impact on information storage and communication technologies, (e.g. through the possibility of switching the magnetic configuration of a bit by current instead of a magnetic field, or the realization of high frequency spin torque oscillators (STO)), this effect has been an important field of spintronics research. One aspect of this research focuses on ferromagnets with low damping. The lower the damping in a ferromagnet, the lower the critical current that is needed to induce switching of a spin valve or induce precession of its magnetization. In this thesis ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) studies of NiMnSb layers are presented along with experimental studies on various spin-torque (ST) devices using NiMnSb. NiMnSb, when crystallized in the half-Heusler structure, is a half-metal which is predicted to have 100% spin polarization, a consideration which further increases its potential as a candidate for memory devices based on the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect. The FMR measurements show an outstandingly low damping factor for NiMnSb, in low 10{sup -3} range. This is about a factor of two lower than permalloy and well comparable to lowest damping for iron grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). According to theory the 100% spin polarization properties of the bulk disappear at interfaces where the break in translational symmetry causes the gap in the minority spin band to collapse but can remain in other crystal symmetries such as (111). Consequently NiMnSb layers on (111)(In,Ga)As buffer are characterized in respect of anisotropies and damping. The FMR measurements on these samples indicates a higher damping that for the 001 samples, and a thickness dependent uniaxial in-plane anisotropy. Investigations of the material for device use is pursued by considering sub-micrometer sized elements of NiMnSb on 001 substrates, which were fabricated by electron

Structure and magnetoresistive properties of current-perpendicular-to-plane pseudo-spin valves using polycrystalline Co2Fe-based Heusler alloy films

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakatani, T.M.; Du, Ye; Takahashi, Y.K.; Furubayashi, T.; Hono, K.

2013-01-01

We report current-perpendicular-to-plane giant magnetoresistance (CPP–GMR) of pseudo-spin valves (PSVs) with polycrystalline Co 2 Fe(Al 0.5 Si 0.5 ) (CFAS) and Co 2 Fe(Ga 0.5 Ge 0.5 ) (CFGG) Heusler alloy films. Strongly [0 1 1] textured polycrystalline Heusler alloy films grew on the Ta/Ru/Ag underlayer. Relatively large CPP–GMR values of ΔRA up to 4 mΩ μm 2 and ΔR/R up to 10% were obtained with 5 nm thick Heusler alloy films and Ag spacer layer by annealing CFAS PSV at 450 °C and CFGG PSV at 350 °C. Transmission electron microscopy revealed a flat and sharp interface between the [0 1 1] textured CFAS layers and the [1 1 1] textured Ag spacer layer. Annealing above an optimal temperature for each PSV led to reductions in MR values as a result of the thickening of the spacer layer induced by the Ag diffusion from the outer Ag layers

Electronic, magnetic and thermal properties of Co{sub 2}Cr{sub x}Fe{sub 1−x}X (X=Al, Si) Heusler alloys: First-principles calculations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guezlane, M. [Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Batna, 05000 Batna (Algeria); Baaziz, H., E-mail: baaziz_hakim@yahoo.fr [Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of M' sila, 28000 M' sila (Algeria); El Haj Hassan, F., E-mail: hassan.f@ul.edu.lb [Université Libanaise, Faculté des Sciences (I), Laboratoire de Physique et d’Electronique (LPE), Elhadath, Beirut (Lebanon); Charifi, Z. [Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of M' sila, 28000 M' sila (Algeria); Djaballah, Y. [Laboratoire d’étude Physico-Chimique des Matériaux, Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Batna, Rue Chahid Boukhlouf, 05000 Batna (Algeria)

2016-09-15

Density functional theory (DFT) based on the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method is used to investigate the structural, electronic, magnetic and thermal properties of Co{sub 2}Cr{sub x}Fe{sub 1−x}X (X=Al, Si) full Heusler alloys, with L2{sub 1} structure. The structural properties and spin magnetic moments are investigated by the generalized gradient approximations (GGA) minimizing the total energy. For band structure calculations, GGA, the Engel–Vosko generalized gradient approximation (EVGGA) and modified Becke–Johnson (mBJ) schemes are used. Results of density of states (DOS) and band structures show that these alloys are half-metallic ferromagnets (HMFS). A regular-solution model has been used to investigate the thermodynamic stability of the compounds Co{sub 2}Cr{sub x}Fe{sub 1−x}X that indicates a phase miscibility gap. The thermal effects using the quasi-harmonic Debye model are investigated within the lattice vibrations. The temperature and pressure effects on the heat capacities, Debye temperatures and entropy are determined from the non-equilibrium Gibbs functions. - Highlights: • We present electronic, magnetic and thermal properties of Co{sub 2}Cr{sub x}Fe{sub 1−x}X (X=Al, Si) Heusler alloys. • The calculated phase diagram indicates a significant phase miscibility gap. • The computed band structures of ternary compounds using GGA, EVGGA and mBJ schemes indicate an indirect band gap (Γ-X) for the ternary compounds Co{sub 2}FeAl, Co{sub 2}CrAl, Co{sub 2}FeSi and Co{sub 2}CrSi while both alloys have a direct band gap. • The quasi-harmonic Debye model is successfully applied to determine the thermal properties.

Multifunctional properties related to magnetostructural transitions in ternary and quaternary Heusler alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dubenko, Igor, E-mail: igor_doubenko@yahoo.com [Department of Physics, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901 (United States); Quetz, Abdiel; Pandey, Sudip; Aryal, Anil; Eubank, Michael [Department of Physics, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901 (United States); Rodionov, Igor; Prudnikov, Valerii; Granovsky, Alexander [Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Vorob' evy Gory, 11999I Moscow (Russian Federation); Lahderanta, Erkki [Lappeenranta University of Technology, 53851 (Finland); Samanta, Tapas; Saleheen, Ahmad; Stadler, Shane [Department of Physics & Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 (United States); Ali, Naushad [Department of Physics, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901 (United States)

2015-06-01

In this report, the results of a study on the effects of compositional variations induced by the small changes in concentrations of the parent components and/or by the substitution of Ni, Mn, or In by an extra element Z, on the phase transitions, and phenomena related to the magnetostructural transitions in off-stoichiometric Ni–Mn–In based Heusler alloys are summarized. The crystal structures, phase transitions temperatures, and magnetic and magnetocaloric properties were analyzed for representative samples of the following systems (all near 15 at% indium concentration): Ni–Mn–In, Ni–Mn–In–Si, Ni–Mn–In–B, Ni–Mn–In–Cu, Ni–Mn–In–Cu–B, Ni–Mn–In–Fe, Ni–Mn–In–Ag, and Ni–Mn–In–Al. - Highlights: • The experimental results on phase transitions temperatures, adiabatic temperature changes, magnetoresistance and heat flow for the ternary and quaternary Heusler alloys based on Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 35}In{sub 15} demonstrate high sensitivity of magnetic properties to the small changes in concentrations of the parent components and/or by the substitution of Ni, Mn, or In by an additional element Z. • The phenomena related to the magnetostructural transitions strongly depend on the weighted average radius of constituent ions.

L2₁ and XA Ordering Competition in Hafnium-Based Full-Heusler Alloys Hf₂VZ (Z = Al, Ga, In, Tl, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb).

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Xiaotian; Cheng, Zhenxiang; Wang, Wenhong

2017-10-20

For theoretical designing of full-Heusler based spintroinc materials, people have long believed in the so-called Site Preference Rule (SPR). Very recently, according to the SPR, there are several studies on XA-type Hafnium-based Heusler alloys X₂YZ, i.e., Hf₂VAl, Hf₂CoZ (Z = Ga, In) and Hf₂CrZ (Z = Al, Ga, In). In this work, a series of Hf₂-based Heusler alloys, Hf₂VZ (Z = Al, Ga, In, Tl, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb), were selected as targets to study the site preferences of their atoms by first-principle calculations. It has been found that all of them are likely to exhibit the L2₁-type structure instead of the XA one. Furthermore, we reveal that the high values of spin-polarization of XA-type Hf₂VZ (Z = Al, Ga, In, Tl, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) alloys have dropped dramatically when they form the L2₁-type structure. Also, we prove that the electronic, magnetic, and physics nature of these alloys are quite different, depending on the L2₁-type or XA-type structures.

Structural, electronic, magnetic and optical properties of Ni,Ti/Al-based Heusler alloys. A first-principles approach

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Adebambo, Paul O. [Univ. of Agriculture. Abeokuta (Nigeria). Dept. of Physics; McPherson Univ., Abeokuta (Nigeria). Dept. of Physical and Computer Sciences; Adetunji, Bamidele I. [Univ. of Agriculture. Abeokuta (Nigeria). Dept. of Physics; Bells Univ. of Technology, Oto (Nigeria). Dept. of Mathematics; Olowofela, Joseph A. [Univ. of Agriculture. Abeokuta (Nigeria). Dept. of Physics; Oguntuase, James A. [Univ. of Agriculture. Abeokuta (Nigeria). Dept. of Mathematics; Adebayo, Gboyega A. [Univ. of Agriculture. Abeokuta (Nigeria). Dept. of Physics; Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste (Italy)

2016-05-01

In this work, detailed first-principles calculations within the generalised gradient approximation (GGA) of electronic, structural, magnetic, and optical properties of Ni,Ti, and Al-based Heusler alloys are presented. The lattice parameter of C1{sub b} with space group F anti 43m (216) NiTiAl alloys is predicted and that of Ni{sub 2}TiAl is in close agreement with available results. The band dispersion along the high symmetry points W→L→Γ→X→W→K in Ni{sub 2}TiAl and NiTiAl Heusler alloys are also reported. NiTiAl alloy has a direct band gap of 1.60 eV at Γ point as a result of strong hybridization between the d state of the lower and higher valence of both the Ti and Ni atoms. The calculated real part of the dielectric function confirmed the band gap of 1.60 eV in NiTiAl alloys. The present calculations revealed the paramagnetic state of NiTiAl. From the band structure calculations, Ni{sub 2}TiAl with higher Fermi level exhibits metallic properties as in the case of both NiAl and Ni{sub 3}Al binary systems.

Tuning martensitic transformation, large magnetoresistance and strain in Ni50-xFexMn36Sn14 Heusler alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Liao, Pan; Jing, Chao; Zheng, Dong; Li, Zhe; Kang, Baojuan; Deng, Dongmei; Cao, Shixun; Lu, Bo; Zhang, Jincang

2015-09-01

We have investigated the martensitic transformation, exchange bias, magnetoresistance (MR) and strain in Ni50-xFexMn36Sn14 (x=1, 2, 3, 4) Heusler alloys. With the increase of Fe content, the austenite phase could be stabilized with L21 structure and hence the martensitic transition shifts to a lower temperature and finally disappears. This behavior can be understood by the weakening of Ni-Mn hybridization to suppress AFM interactions and enhancement of Fe-Fe ferromagnetic exchange interactions. The same reason can account for the slight decrease of exchange bias field (HEB) with the increase of the Fe content from x=1 to 2 and the disappearance of HEB for x=3. We observed MR effect for x=3, and a maximum MR value of -52% was achieved, which can be explained by the change in the electronic structure during martensitic transformation induced by the magnetic field. In addition, a large strain of 0.207% in Ni49Fe1Mn36Sn14 was observed due to the changes of lattice parameters during the martensitic transformation induced by temperature.

Spin disordered resistivity of the Heusler Ni.sub.2./sub.MnGa-based alloys

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Kamarád, Jiří; Kaštil, Jiří; Albertini, F.; Fabbrici, S.; Arnold, Zdeněk

2017-01-01

Roč. 131, č. 4 (2017), s. 1072-1074 ISSN 0587-4246 R&D Projects: GA ČR GAP204/12/0692 Institutional support: RVO:68378271 Keywords : spin disordered resistivity * magnetoresistance * Heusler alloys * Ni 2 MnGa Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism OBOR OECD: Condensed matter physics (including formerly solid state physics, supercond.) Impact factor: 0.469, year: 2016

Search for half-metallic magnets with large half-metallic gaps in the quaternary Heusler alloys CoFeTiZ and CoFeVZ (Z=Al, Ga, Si, Ge, As, Sb)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xiong, Lun; Yi, Lin; Gao, G.Y.

2014-01-01

We investigate the electronic structure and magnetic properties of the twelve quaternary Heusler alloys CoFeTiZ and CoFeVZ (Z=Al, Ga, Si, Ge, As, Sb) by using the first-principles calculations. It is shown that only CoFeTiSi, CoFeTiAs and CoFeVSb are half-metallic ferromagnets with considerable half-metallic gaps of 0.31, 0.18 and 0.17 eV, respectively. CoFeTiAl and CoFeTiGa are conventional semiconductors, and other alloys exhibit nearly half-metallicity or their half-metallic gaps are almost zero eV. We also find that the half-metallicities of CoFeTiSi, CoFeTiAs and CoFeVSb can be preserved under appropriate uniform and in-plane strains. The considerable half-metallic gaps and the robust half-metallicities under uniform and in-plane strains make CoFeTiSi, CoFeTiAs and CoFeVSb promising candidates for spintronic applications. - Highlights: • CoFeTiSi, CoFeTiAs and CoFeVSb have considerable half-metallic gaps. • Total magnetic moments obey the Slater–Pauling behavior of quaternary Heusler half-metals. • CoFeTiSi, CoFeTiAs and CoFeVSb retain half-metallicity under uniform and in-plane strains

Evolution of phase transformation and magnetic properties with Fe content in Ni55-x Fe x Mn20Ga25 Heusler alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Yuanlei; Li, Zhe; He, Xijia; Huang, Yinsheng; Xu, Kun; Jing, Chao

2018-02-01

A series of Ni55-x Fe x Mn20Ga25 (0  ⩽  x  ⩽  5) Heusler alloys was prepared to investigate their phase transitions and magnetic properties. At room temperature, these alloys present various crystal structures, and the unit cell volume enlarges with increase of Fe content in both austenite and martensite. Multiple magneto-structural transformations were observed in the parent alloy (x  =  0). In the process of cooling, it undergoes martensitic transformation (MT) from L21-type paramagnetic austenite to L10-type ferromagnetic martensite, accompanying an intermartensitic transformation (IMT, 7M  →  L10). By establishing a detailed phase diagram, we found that both MT and IMT shift to lower temperature simultaneously, while the ferromagnetic (FM) transition of austenite moves to higher temperature as Fe increases. With the further increase of Fe content beyond a critical value, both the IMT and the FM transitions split off from MT, and the former follows with the transforming sequence of 7M  →  5M. Based on the experimental data, some key magnetic parameters have been obtained in this system. The calculated magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant ({{K}1} ) of martensite quickly increases as Fe increases, and then it almost reaches a saturated value (~5.5  ×  105 J m-3) for the alloys with x  >  3. However, the spontaneous magnetic moment ({μs} ) attains a peak value of about 4.2 μ B/f.u. in the alloy with x  =  4, which is not consistent with the linear increasing of effective magnetic moment ({μef f} ). Further magnetic measurements with hydrostatic pressure indicate that such a discrepancy could be ascribed to the competition between the magnetic exchange interaction and the volume change of unit cell governed by the dopant Fe content.

Giant magnetocaloric effect from reverse martensitic transformation in Ni–Mn–Ga–Cu ferromagnetic shape memory alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sarkar, Sudip Kumar; Sarita; Babu, P.D.; Biswas, Aniruddha; Siruguri, Vasudeva; Krishnan, Madangopal

2016-01-01

In an effort to produce Giant Magnetocaloric effect (GMCE) near room temperature, in a first ever such study, the austenite transformation temperature (A_s) was fine tuned to ferromagnetic Curie temperature (T_C) in Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys (FSMA) and a large GMCE of ΔSM = −81.8 J/Kg-K was achieved in Ni_5_0Mn_1_8_._5Cu_6_._5Ga_2_5 alloy during reverse martensitic transformation (heating cycle) for a magnetic field change of 9 T at 303 K. Fine tuning of A_s with T_C was achieved by Cu substitution in Ni_5_0Mn_2_5_−_xCu_xGa_2_5 (0 ≤ x ≤ 7.0)-based FSMAs. Characterizations of these alloys were carried out using Optical and Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and DC magnetization measurements. Addition of Cu to stoichiometric Heusler type Ni_2MnGa increases the martensitic transformation temperatures and decreases T_C. Concurrently, ΔSM increases with Cu addition and peaks at 6.5 at% Cu for which there is a virtual overlap between T_C and A_s. Maximum Refrigerant Capacity (RCP) of 327.0 J/Kg was also achieved in the heating cycle for 9 T field change at 303 K. Corresponding values for the cooling cycle measurements (measured during forward transformation) were 30.4 J/Kg-K and 123.5 J/Kg respectively for the same 6.5 at% Cu sample under the same thermo-magnetic conditions. - Highlights: • A_s was fine tuned to T_C in Cu substituted Ni_5_0Mn_2_5_−_xCu_xGa_2_5 (0 ≤ x ≤ 7.0) alloys. • MT temperature increases with Cu addition while T_C decreases. • A virtual overlapping of A_s with T_C was found in Ni_5_0Mn_1_8_._5Cu_6_._5Ga_2_5 alloys. • ΔSM = −81.8 J/Kg-K achieved from reverse MT for Δ(μ_0H) = 9 T at 303 K. • A highest RCP value of 94.6 J/Kg was observed for Δ(μ_0H) = 5 T in Cu:6.5 alloys.

Thermal and magnetic hysteresis associated with martensitic and magnetic phase transformations in Ni52Mn25In16Co7 Heusler alloy

Science.gov (United States)

Madiligama, A. S. B.; Ari-Gur, P.; Ren, Y.; Koledov, V. V.; Dilmieva, E. T.; Kamantsev, A. P.; Mashirov, A. V.; Shavrov, V. G.; Gonzalez-Legarreta, L.; Grande, B. H.

2017-11-01

Ni-Mn-In-Co Heusler alloys demonstrate promising magnetocaloric performance for use as refrigerants in magnetic cooling systems with the goal of replacing the lower efficiency, eco-adverse fluid-compression technology. The largest change in entropy occurs when the applied magnetic field causes a merged structural and magnetic transformation and the associated entropy changes of the two transformations works constructively. In this study, magnetic and crystalline phase transformations were each treated separately and the effects of the application of magnetic field on thermal hystereses associated with both structural and magnetic transformations of the Ni52Mn25In16Co7 were studied. From the analysis of synchrotron diffraction data and thermomagnetic measurements, it was revealed that the alloy undergoes both structural (from cubic austenite to a mixture of 7M &5M modulated martensite) and magnetic (ferromagnetic to a low-magnetization phase) phase transformations. Thermal hysteresis is associated with both transformations, and the variation of the thermal hystereses of the magnetic and structural transformations with applied magnetic field is significantly different. Because of the differences between the hystereses loops of the two transformations, they merge only upon heating under a certain magnetic field.

Electron spin resonance probed competing states in NiMnInSi Heusler alloy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chen, Y.S. [Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan (China); Lin, J.G., E-mail: jglin@ntu.edu.tw [Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan (China); Titov, I.S.; Granovsky, A.B. [Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorob' evy Gory, 11999l Moscow (Russian Federation)

2016-06-01

Shape memory Heusler alloy Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 35}In{sub 12}Si{sub 3} is investigated with electron spin resonance (ESR) technique in a temperature range of 200–300 K. ESR is a dynamic probe allowing us to separate the responses from various magnetic phases, thus to study the complex phase transitions. The sample shows three transition temperatures: T{sub c}{sup A} (271 K), T{sub M} (247 K) and T{sub c}{sup M} (212 K), where T{sub c}{sup A} is the Curie temperature of austenitic phase, T{sub M} and T{sub c}{sup M} are the temperatures of magnetostructural martensitic transition and the Curie temperature of martensitic phase, respectively. Furthermore, ESR data reveals the coexistence of two magnetic modes in whole temperature range of 200–300 K. Particularly in martensitic phase, two magnetic modes are attributed to two different kinds of lattice deformation, the slip and twinning deformations. - Highlights: • Electron spin resonance study on magnetocaloric Heusler alloy within 200–300 K. • Magnetic phase separation below and above the structural transition temperature. • Phase competing is in association with different types of lattice distortions. • Electron spin resonance results are complementary to the magnetization data.

Thermoelectric Properties of the XCoSb (X: Ti,Zr,Hf) Half-Heusler Alloys

KAUST Repository

Gandi, Appala

2017-09-18

We investigate the thermoelectric properties of the half-Heusler alloys XCoSb (X: Ti,Zr,Hf) by solving Boltzmann transport equations and discuss them in terms of the electronic band structure. The rigid band approximation is employed to address the effects of doping. While many half-Heuser alloys show excellent thermoelectric performance, the materials under study are special by supporting both n- and p-doping. We identify the reasons for this balanced thermoelectric transport and explain why experimentally p-doping is superior to n-doping. We also determine the spectrum of phonon mean free paths to guide grain refinement methods to enhance the thermoelectric figure of merit.

Strain and order-parameter coupling in Ni-Mn-Ga Heusler alloys from resonant ultrasound spectroscopy

Science.gov (United States)

Salazar Mejía, C.; Born, N.-O.; Schiemer, J. A.; Felser, C.; Carpenter, M. A.; Nicklas, M.

2018-03-01

Resonant ultrasound spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility experiments have been used to characterize strain coupling phenomena associated with structural and magnetic properties of the shape-memory Heusler alloy series Ni50 +xMn25 -xGa25 (x =0 , 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5). All samples exhibit a martensitic transformation at temperature TM and ferromagnetic ordering at temperature TC, while the pure end member (x =0 ) also has a premartensitic transition at TP M, giving four different scenarios: TC>TP M>TM,TC>TM without premartensitic transition, TC≈TM , and TC

Effect of graphene tunnel barrier on Schottky barrier height of Heusler alloy Co2MnSi/graphene/n-Ge junction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li Gui-fang; Hu Jing; Lv Hui; Cui Zhijun; Hou Xiaowei; Liu Shibin; Du Yongqian

2016-01-01

We demonstrate that the insertion of a graphene tunnel barrier between Heusler alloy Co 2 MnSi and the germanium (Ge) channel modulates the Schottky barrier height and the resistance–area product of the spin diode. We confirm that the Fermi level is depinned and a reduction in the electron Schottky barrier height (SBH) occurs following the insertion of the graphene layer between Co 2 MnSi and Ge. The electron SBH is modulated in the 0.34 eV–0.61 eV range. Furthermore, the transport mechanism changes from rectifying to symmetric tunneling following the insertion. This behavior provides a pathway for highly efficient spin injection from a Heusler alloy into a Ge channel with high electron and hole mobility. (paper)

Surface thermodynamic stability, electronic and magnetic properties in various (001) surfaces of Zr2CoSn Heusler alloy

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Yan; Feng, Zhong-Ying; Zhang, Jian-Min

2018-05-01

The spin-polarized first-principles are used to study the surface thermodynamic stability, electronic and magnetic properties in various (001) surfaces of Zr2CoSn Heusler alloy, and the bulk Zr2CoSn Heusler alloy are also discussed to make comparison. The conduction band minimum (CBM) of half-metallic (HM) bulk Zr2CoSn alloy is contributed by ZrA, ZrB and Co atoms, while the valence band maximum (VBM) is contributed by ZrB and Co atoms. The SnSn termination is the most stable surface with the highest spin polarizations P = 77.1% among the CoCo, ZrCo, ZrZr, ZrSn and SnSn terminations of the Zr2CoSn (001) surface. In the SnSn termination of the Zr2CoSn (001) surface, the atomic partial density of states (APDOS) of atoms in the surface, subsurface and third layers are much influenced by the surface effect and the total magnetic moment (TMM) is mainly contributed by the atomic magnetic moments of atoms in fourth to ninth layers.

Development of an engineering model for ferromagnetic shape memory alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tani, Yoshiaki; Todaka, Takashi; Enokizono, Masato

2008-01-01

This paper presents a relationship among stress, temperature and magnetic properties of a ferromagnetic shape memory alloy. In order to derive an engineering model of ferromagnetic shape memory alloys, we have developed a measuring system of the relationship among stress, temperature and magnetic properties. The samples used in this measurement are Fe68-Ni10-Cr9-Mn7-Si6 wt% ferromagnetic shape memory alloy. They are thin ribbons made by rapid cooling in air. In the measurement, the ribbon sample is inserted into a sample holder winding consisting of the B-coil and compensation coils, and magnetized in an open solenoid coil. The ribbon is stressed with attachment weights and heated with a heating wire. The specific susceptibility was increased by applying tension, and slightly increased by heating below the Curie temperature

High Thermoelectric Figure of Merit by Resonant Dopant in Half-Heusler Alloys

OpenAIRE

Chen, Long; Liu, Yamei; He, Jian; Tritt, Terry M.; Poon, S. Joseph

2017-01-01

Half-Heusler alloys have been one of the benchmark high temperature thermoelectric materials owing to their thermal stability and promising figure of merit ZT. Simonson et al. early showed that small amounts of vanadium doped in Hf0.75Zr0.25NiSn enhanced the Seebeck coefficient and correlated the change with the increased density of states near the Fermi level. We herein report a systematic study on the role of vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), and tantalum (Ta) as prospective resonant dopants in e...

Phenomenological analysis of thermal hysteresis in Ni-Mn-Ga Heusler alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Zagrebin, M. A.; Sokolovskiy, V. V.; Buchelnikov, V. D.

2018-05-01

The manipulation of thermal hysteresis in Ni-Mn-Ga Heusler alloys with coupled magnetostructural phase transition is studied theoretically using the Landau theory, including magnetic, elastic and crystal lattice modulation order parameters as well as an external magnetic field. It is shown that for the assigned combination of phenomenological parameters, in the phase diagrams, the Austenite-Martensite first-order phase transition has a finite (critical) point in which the thermal hysteresis is disappeared. Moreover, this point depends on the relation between modulation and elastic constants as well as on the magnetic field. Obtained results have been compared with other theoretical end experimental data.

EDITORIAL: New materials with high spin polarization: half-metallic Heusler compounds

Science.gov (United States)

Felser, Claudia; Hillebrands, Burkard

2007-03-01

, with emphasis on new rational design of Heusler compounds and advanced characterization tools. This volume of Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics summarizes the latest research results obtained in the Research Unit and presents it to the scientific public as a cluster of refereed papers. Half-metallic ferromagnets are an impressive example for the rational design of new materials based on computational physics. The paper of Kandpal et al demonstrates how a detailed understanding of the electronic structure, especially from the viewpoint of the properties of the minority band gap and the peculiar magnetic behaviour, enables us to predict new half-metallic compounds. A high interface quality and a well ordered compound are the preconditions to realize the predicted half-metallic properties. Wurmehl et al have carefully studied the surface and bulk structure of the classical Heusler compound CCFA using a combination of characterization methods. A deposition process of epitaxial thin films of CCFA was described by Conca et al. Kallmayer et al have correlated the structural properties of thin magnetron sputtered films determined by x-ray diffraction with details of the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectra. From the value of the magnetic moment located at the Cr atom and features of the Co absorption spectra, they conclude that the buffer layers lead to an improvement of local atomic order. A highlight of this Cluster Issue is the spin resolved photoemission result of Cinchetti and co-workers. A careful in situ preparation of the sample surface of CCFA leads to values for the room temperature spin polarization up to 45% at the Fermi level, the highest value measured so far at the surface region of a full Heusler compound at room temperature. Co2FeSi (CFS) is the half-metal Heusler compound with the highest Curie temperature reported so far [4]. Schneider et al report the deposition of well ordered thin Co2FeSi films by RF magnetron sputtering. The thickness

Temperature dependence of differential conductance in Co-based Heusler alloy Co2TiSn and superconductor Pb junctions

Science.gov (United States)

Ooka, Ryutaro; Shigeta, Iduru; Umetsu, Rie Y.; Nomura, Akiko; Yubuta, Kunio; Yamauchi, Touru; Kanomata, Takeshi; Hiroi, Masahiko

2018-05-01

We investigated temperature dependence of differential conductance G (V) in planar junctions consisting of Co-based Heusler alloy Co2TiSn and superconductor Pb. Ferromagnetic Co2TiSn was predicted to be half-metal by first-principles band calculations. The spin polarization P of Co2TiSn was deduced to be 60.0% at 1.4 K by the Andreev reflection spectroscopy. The G (V) spectral shape was smeared gradually with increasing temperature and its structure was disappeared above the superconducting transition temperature Tc. Theoretical model analysis revealed that the superconducting energy gap Δ was 1.06 meV at 1.4 K and the Tc was 6.8 K , indicating that both values were suppressed from bulk values. However, the temperature dependent Δ (T) behavior was in good agreement with that of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory. The experimental results exhibit that the superconductivity of Pb attached to half-metallic Co2TiSn was kept the conventional BCS mechanism characterized strong-coupling superconductors while its superconductivity was slightly suppressed by the superconducting proximity effect at the Co2TiSn/Pb interface.

Optimization of smart Heusler alloys from first principles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Entel, Peter, E-mail: entel@thp.uni-duisburg.de [Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration, CeNIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg (Germany); Siewert, Mario; Gruner, Markus E. [Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration, CeNIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg (Germany); Chakrabarti, Aparna [Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration, CeNIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg (Germany); Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452013, Madhya Pradesh (India); Barman, Sudipta R. [UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Khandwa Road, Indore 452001, Madhya Pradesh (India); Sokolovskiy, Vladimir V.; Buchelnikov, Vasiliy D. [Condensed Matter Physics Department, Chelyabinsk State University, 454001, Chelyabinsk (Russian Federation)

2013-11-15

Highlights: ► We investigate the tensile deformation of single crystalline Ni–Mn–Ga stripes by DIC. ► Mechanical constraints (fixation, bending) determine the type of twin boundary formed during training in a magnetic field. ► Orientation of strain bands (45° or 84° inclination) depends on the type of twin boundary. ► The twinning stress is lower for twin boundaries inclined by 84° compared to the case of 45°. -- Abstract: The strong magnetoelastic interaction in ternary X{sub 2}YZ Heusler alloys is reponsible for the appearance of magnetostructural phase transitions and related functional properties such as the magnetocaloric and magnetic shape-memory effects. Here, X and Y are transition metal elements and Z is usually an element from the III–V group. In order to discuss possibilities to optimize the multifunctional effects, we use density functional theory calculations from which the martensitic driving forces of the magnetic materials can be derived. We find that the electronic contribution arising from the band Jahn–Teller effect is one of the major driving forces. The ab initio calculations also give a hint of how to design new intermetallics with higher martensitic transformation temperatures compared to the prototype alloy system Ni–Mn–Ga. As an example, we discuss quarternary Pt{sub x}Ni{sub 2−x}MnGa alloys which have properties very similar to Ni–Mn–Ga but exhibit a higher maximal eigenstrain of 14%.

Magnetic properties of Heusler alloy Mn2RuGe and Mn2RuGa ribbons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang, Ling; Liu, Bohua; Meng, Fanbin; Liu, Heyan; Luo, Hongzhi; Liu, Enke; Wang, Wenhong; Wu, Guangheng

2015-01-01

Heusler alloys Mn 2 RuGe and Mn 2 RuGa have been prepared by melt-spinning method successfully. Theoretical and experimental studies reveal a ferrimagnetic ground state in the two alloys. The Curie temperatures are 303 K for Mn 2 RuGe and 272 K for Mn 2 RuGa. The calculated total spin moments of Mn 2 RuGe and Mn 2 RuGa are integral values of 2.00 μ B and 1.03 μ B , respectively. And the theoretical spin polarization ratio is also quite high. However, due to the atomic disorder in the ribbons, the saturation moments of them measured at 5 K are smaller than the calculated values, especially that of Mn 2 RuGa. This coincides with the disappearance of the superlattice reflection (111) and (200) peaks in the XRD pattern of Mn 2 RuGa. Annealing Mn 2 RuGa ribbon at 773 K can enhance the atomic ordering. Both saturation magnetic moment and Curie temperature increase obviously after the heat treatment. - Highlights: • Mn 2 RuGe and Mn 2 RuGa have been prepared by melt-spinning successfully. • Ferrimagnetic ground state has been confirmed in Mn 2 RuGe and Mn 2 RuGa. • High spin polarization has been predicted in Mn 2 RuGe. • Melt-spinning can be a possible way to adjust the atomic order of Heusler alloys

Giant magnetocaloric effect from reverse martensitic transformation in Ni–Mn–Ga–Cu ferromagnetic shape memory alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sarkar, Sudip Kumar, E-mail: sudips@barc.gov.in [Glass and Advanced Materials Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085 (India); Sarita [Glass and Advanced Materials Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085 (India); Babu, P.D. [UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Mumbai Centre, BARC, Mumbai, 400085 (India); Biswas, Aniruddha [Glass and Advanced Materials Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085 (India); Siruguri, Vasudeva [UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Mumbai Centre, BARC, Mumbai, 400085 (India); Krishnan, Madangopal [Glass and Advanced Materials Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085 (India)

2016-06-15

In an effort to produce Giant Magnetocaloric effect (GMCE) near room temperature, in a first ever such study, the austenite transformation temperature (A{sub s}) was fine tuned to ferromagnetic Curie temperature (T{sub C}) in Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys (FSMA) and a large GMCE of ΔSM = −81.8 J/Kg-K was achieved in Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 18.5}Cu{sub 6.5}Ga{sub 25} alloy during reverse martensitic transformation (heating cycle) for a magnetic field change of 9 T at 303 K. Fine tuning of A{sub s} with T{sub C} was achieved by Cu substitution in Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 25−x}Cu{sub x}Ga{sub 25} (0 ≤ x ≤ 7.0)-based FSMAs. Characterizations of these alloys were carried out using Optical and Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and DC magnetization measurements. Addition of Cu to stoichiometric Heusler type Ni{sub 2}MnGa increases the martensitic transformation temperatures and decreases T{sub C}. Concurrently, ΔSM increases with Cu addition and peaks at 6.5 at% Cu for which there is a virtual overlap between T{sub C} and A{sub s}. Maximum Refrigerant Capacity (RCP) of 327.0 J/Kg was also achieved in the heating cycle for 9 T field change at 303 K. Corresponding values for the cooling cycle measurements (measured during forward transformation) were 30.4 J/Kg-K and 123.5 J/Kg respectively for the same 6.5 at% Cu sample under the same thermo-magnetic conditions. - Highlights: • A{sub s} was fine tuned to T{sub C} in Cu substituted Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 25−x}Cu{sub x}Ga{sub 25} (0 ≤ x ≤ 7.0) alloys. • MT temperature increases with Cu addition while T{sub C} decreases. • A virtual overlapping of A{sub s} with T{sub C} was found in Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 18.5}Cu{sub 6.5}Ga{sub 25} alloys. • ΔSM = −81.8 J/Kg-K achieved from reverse MT for Δ(μ{sub 0}H) = 9 T at 303 K. • A highest RCP value of 94.6 J/Kg was observed for Δ(μ{sub 0}H) = 5 T in Cu:6.5 alloys.

Electrical resistivity at high temperatures of Heusler alloys of the Cu2MnAl sub(1-x) Sn sub (x)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grandi, T.A.

1978-01-01

The structural fase L2 1 of the Heusler alloys Cu 2 MnAl sub (1-x) Sn sub(x), with x varying between 0 and 1, was studied. X-ray diffraction, metallography and diferential termoanalysis techniques were employed. For the alloys with x = 0; 0,05; 0,10 and 0,15 the electrical resistivity measurements were performed in the temperature range 300 K [pt

An ab initio study on the structural, electronic and mechanical properties of quaternary full-Heusler alloys FeMnCrSn and FeMnCrSb

Science.gov (United States)

Erkişi, Aytaç

2018-06-01

The quaternary full Heusler alloys FeMnCrSn and FeMnCrSb, which have face-centred cubic (FCC) crystal structure and conform to ? space group with 216 space number, have been investigated using Generalised Gradient Approximation (GGA) in the Density Functional Theory (DFT) as implemented in VASP (Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package) software. These alloys are considered in ferromagnetic (FM) order. After the investigation of structural stability of these alloys, their mechanical and thermal properties and also electronic band structures have been examined. The calculated spin-polarised electronic band structures and total electronic density of states (DOS) within GGA approximation show that these alloys can exhibit both metallic and half-metallic characters in different structural phases. The calculated formation enthalpies and the plotted energy-volume graphs show that Type-III phase is most stable structural phase for these materials. Also, FeMnCrSb alloy in Type-I/Type-III phases and FeMnCrSn alloy in Type-III phase show half-metallic behaviour with integer total magnetic moments almost 2 and 1 μB per formula unit, respectively, since there are band gaps observed in spin-down states, whereas they have metallic behaviour in majority bands. Other structural phases of both systems are also metallic. Moreover, the calculated elastic constants and the estimated anisotropy shear factors indicate that these materials are stable mechanically in all of three phases except FeMnCrSn in Type-I phase that does not satisfy Born stability criteria in this phase and have high anisotropic behaviour.

Onset of itinerant ferromagnetism associated with semiconductor ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

In this paper, the magnetic and transport properties of the TiNb1−CoSn solid solution compounds with half Heusler cubic MgAgAs-type structure have been studied. This work shows the onset of ferromagnetism associated with a semiconductor to metal transition. The transition occurs directly from ferromagnetic metal to ...

Magnetic and calorimetric investigations of ferromagnetic shape memory alloy Ni54Fe19Ga27

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sharma, V K; Chattopadhyay, M K; Kumar, Ravi; Ganguli, Tapas; Kaul, Rakesh; Majumdar, S; Roy, S B

2007-01-01

We report results of magnetization and differential scanning calorimetry measurements in the ferromagnetic shape memory alloy Ni 54 Fe 19 Ga 27 . This alloy undergoes an austenite-martensite phase transition in its ferromagnetic state. The nature of the ferromagnetic state, both in the austenite and the martensite phase, is studied in detail. The ferromagnetic state in the martensite phase is found to have higher anisotropy energy as compared with the austenite phase. The estimated anisotropy constant is comparable to that of a well-studied ferromagnetic shape memory alloy system NiMnGa. Further, the present study highlights various interesting features accompanying the martensitic transition (MT). These features suggest the possibility of either a premartensitic transition and/or an inter-MT in this system

Magnetic hyperfine fields on 181Ta at the Nb and V sites in Heusler alloys CO2YAL (Y=NB,V)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pendl Junior, W.

1990-01-01

Magnetic hyperfine fields (MHF) acting on sup(181)Ta at the Nb and V sites have been determined in the Heusler alloys Co sub(2) NbA1 and Co sub(2) VA1 by the time differential perturbed angular correlation (TDPAC) technique utilizing the well known 133-482 Kev gamma cascade in sup(181)Ta. The measurement were carried out using an automatic spectrometer consisting of three NaI(T1) detectors and a fast-slow coincidence system. The measurements were performed at 77 K with and without an externally applied magnetic field ( ∼ 4.5 KGauss) to determine the sign as well as the magnitude of the hyperfine fields in both alloys. For the alloy Co sub(2) NbA1 a unique field of -138(4) KOe was observed whereas in the case of Co sub(2)VA1 two distinct magnetic sites were observed. The present result show that approximately 24% of the sup(181)Ta atoms in this alloy probe a field of -116(4) KOe while the other ∼ 76% of the atoms feel -83(3) KOe. Present data along with the existing results on similar alloys Co sub(2)T1,Hf,Zr (Al,Ga,Sn) are discussed and compared with the magnetic hyperfine field systematics in Heusler alloys. (author)

Spin wave propagation detected over 100 μm in half-metallic Heusler alloy Co2MnSi

Science.gov (United States)

Stückler, Tobias; Liu, Chuanpu; Yu, Haiming; Heimbach, Florian; Chen, Jilei; Hu, Junfeng; Tu, Sa; Alam, Md. Shah; Zhang, Jianyu; Zhang, Youguang; Farrell, Ian L.; Emeny, Chrissy; Granville, Simon; Liao, Zhi-Min; Yu, Dapeng; Zhao, Weisheng

2018-03-01

The field of magnon spintronics offers a charge current free way of information transportation by using spin waves (SWs). Compared to forward volume spin waves for example, Damon-Eshbach (DE) SWs need a relatively weak external magnetic field which is suitable for small spintronic devices. In this work we study DE SWs in Co2MnSi, a half-metallic Heusler alloy with significant potential for magnonics. Thin films have been produced by pulsed laser deposition. Integrated coplanar waveguide (CPW) antennas with different distances between emitter and detection antenna have been prepared on a Co2MnSi film. We used a vector network analyzer to measure spin wave reflection and transmission. We observe spin wave propagation up to 100 μm, a new record for half-metallic Heusler thin films.

Strong magneto-volume effects and hysteresis reduction in the In-doped (NiCo).sub.2./sub.MnGa Heusler alloys

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Kamarád, Jiří; Fabbrici, S.; Kaštil, Jiří; Míšek, Martin; Cabassi, R.; Cugini, F.; Albertini, F.; Arnold, Zdeněk

2016-01-01

Roč. 685, Nov (2016), s. 142-146 ISSN 0925-8388 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA15-03777S Institutional support: RVO:68378271 Keywords : Heusler alloys * martensitic transformation * magnetic properties * high pressure Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism Impact factor: 3.133, year: 2016

Effect of graphene tunnel barrier on Schottky barrier height of Heusler alloy Co2MnSi/graphene/n-Ge junction

Science.gov (United States)

Gui-fang, Li; Jing, Hu; Hui, Lv; Zhijun, Cui; Xiaowei, Hou; Shibin, Liu; Yongqian, Du

2016-02-01

We demonstrate that the insertion of a graphene tunnel barrier between Heusler alloy Co2MnSi and the germanium (Ge) channel modulates the Schottky barrier height and the resistance-area product of the spin diode. We confirm that the Fermi level is depinned and a reduction in the electron Schottky barrier height (SBH) occurs following the insertion of the graphene layer between Co2MnSi and Ge. The electron SBH is modulated in the 0.34 eV-0.61 eV range. Furthermore, the transport mechanism changes from rectifying to symmetric tunneling following the insertion. This behavior provides a pathway for highly efficient spin injection from a Heusler alloy into a Ge channel with high electron and hole mobility. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61504107) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (Grant Nos. 3102014JCQ01059 and 3102015ZY043).

Designing magnetic compensated states in tetragonal Mn{sub 3}Ge-based Heusler alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

You, Yurong; Xu, Guizhou, E-mail: gzxu@njust.edu.cn; Hu, Fang; Gong, Yuanyuan; Liu, Er; Peng, Guo; Xu, Feng, E-mail: xufeng@njust.edu.cn

2017-05-01

Magnetic compensated materials attracted much interests due to the observed large exchange bias and large coercivity, and also their potential applications in the antiferromagnetic spintronics with merit of no stray field. In this work, by using ab-initio studies, we designed several Ni (Pd, Pt) doped Mn{sub 3}Ge-based D0{sub 22}-type tetragonal Heusler alloys with fully compensated states. Theoretically, we find the total moment change is asymmetric across the compensation point (at ~x=0.3) in Mn{sub 3-x}Y{sub x}Ge (Y=Ni, Pd, Pt). In addition, an uncommon discontinuous jump is observed across the critical zero-moment point, indicating that some non-trivial properties may emerge at this point. Further electronic analyses of these compensated alloys reveal high spin polarizations at the Fermi level, which is advantageous for spin transfer torque applications. - Highlights: • Several new fully compensated magnetic states are identified in Mn{sub 3}Ge-based tetragonal alloys. • The magnetic moment changes are asymmetric upon Ni, Pd and Pt substitution. • Discontinuous jumps exist across the compensated points. • The three compensated alloys possess large spin polarizations.

Electron dominated thermoelectric response in MNiSn (M: Ti, Zr, Hf) half-Heusler alloys

KAUST Repository

Gandi, Appala

2016-05-09

We solve the transport equations of the electrons and phonons to understand the thermoelectric behaviour of the technologically important half-Heusler alloys MNiSn (M: Ti, Zr, Hf). Doping is simulated within the rigid band approximation. We clarify the origin of the electron dominated thermoelectric response and determine the carrier concentrations with maximal figures of merit. The phonon mean free path is studied to calculate the grain size below which grain refinement methods can enforce ballistic heat conduction to enhance the figure of merit. © The Owner Societies 2016.

Electron dominated thermoelectric response in MNiSn (M: Ti, Zr, Hf) half-Heusler alloys

KAUST Repository

Gandi, Appala; Schwingenschlö gl, Udo

2016-01-01

We solve the transport equations of the electrons and phonons to understand the thermoelectric behaviour of the technologically important half-Heusler alloys MNiSn (M: Ti, Zr, Hf). Doping is simulated within the rigid band approximation. We clarify the origin of the electron dominated thermoelectric response and determine the carrier concentrations with maximal figures of merit. The phonon mean free path is studied to calculate the grain size below which grain refinement methods can enforce ballistic heat conduction to enhance the figure of merit. © The Owner Societies 2016.

Evolution of the electronic structure and physical properties of Fe2MeAl (Me = Ti, V, Cr) Heusler alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shreder, E; Streltsov, S V; Svyazhin, A; Makhnev, A; Marchenkov, V V; Lukoyanov, A; Weber, H W

2008-01-01

We present the results of experiments on the optical, electrical and magnetic properties and electronic structure and optical spectrum calculations of the Heusler alloys Fe 2 TiAl, Fe 2 VAl and Fe 2 CrAl. We find that the drastic transformation of the band spectrum, especially near the Fermi level, when replacing the Me element (Me = Ti, V, Cr), is accompanied by a significant change in the electrical and optical properties. The electrical and optical properties of Fe 2 TiAl are typical for metals. The abnormal behavior of the electrical resistivity and the optical properties in the infrared range for Fe 2 VAl and Fe 2 CrAl are determined by electronic states at the Fermi level. Both the optical spectroscopic measurements and the theoretical calculations demonstrate the presence of low-energy gaps in the band spectrum of the Heusler alloys. In addition, we demonstrate that the formation of Fe clusters may be responsible for the large enhancement of the total magnetic moment in Fe 2 CrAl

Composition and temperature dependence of twinning stress in non-modulated martensite of Ni-Mn-Ga-Co-Cu magnetic shape memory alloys

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Soroka, A.; Sozinov, A.; Lanska, N.; Rameš, Michal; Straka, Ladislav; Ullakko, K.

2018-01-01

Roč. 144, Feb (2018), s. 52-55 ISSN 1359-6462 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA16-00043S Institutional support: RVO:68378271 Keywords : Heusler phases * martensite * ferromagnetic shape memory alloy * magnetic shape memory * twinning Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism OBOR OECD: Condensed matter physics (including formerly solid state physics, supercond.) Impact factor: 3.747, year: 2016

EDITORIAL: Cluster issue on Heusler compounds and devices Cluster issue on Heusler compounds and devices

Science.gov (United States)

Felser, Claudia; Hillebrands, Burkard

2009-04-01

This is the third cluster issue of Journal Physics D: Applied Physics devoted to half-metallic Heusler compounds and devices utilizing this class of materials. Heusler compounds are named after Fritz Heusler, the owner of a German copper mine, the Isabellenhütte, who discovered this class of materials in 1903 [1]. He synthesized mixtures of Cu2Mn alloys with various main group metals Z = Al, Si, Sn, Sb, which became ferromagnetic despite all constituents being non-magnetic. The recent success story of Heusler compounds began in 1983 with the discovery of the half-metallic electronic structure in NiMnSb [2] and Co2MnZ [3], making these and similar materials, in particular PtMnSb, also useful for magneto-optical data storage media applications due to their high Kerr rotation. The real breakthrough, however, came in 2000 with the observation of a large magnetoresistance effect in Co2Cr0.6Fe0.4Al [4]. The Co2YZ (Y = Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe) compounds are a special class of materials, which follow the Slater-Pauling rule [5], and most of them are half-metallic bulk materials. The electronic structure of Heusler compounds is well understood [6] and Curie temperatures up to 1100 K have been observed [7]. In their contribution to this cluster issue, Thoene et al predict that still higher Curie temperatures can be achieved. A breakthrough from the viewpoint of materials design is the synthesis of nanoparticles of Heusler compounds as reported in the contribution by Basit et al. Nano-sized half- metallic ferromagnets will open new directions for spintronic applications. The challenge, however, is still to produce spintronic devices with well defined interfaces to take advantage of the half-metallicity of the electrodes. Several groups have succeeded in producing excellent tunnel junctions with high magnetoresistance effects at low temperatures and decent values at room temperature [8-11]. Spin-dependent tunnelling characteristics of fully epitaxial magnetic tunnel junctions with a

First-principles study of half-metallic properties in RbCaNZ (Z = O, S, and Se) quaternary Heusler compounds

Science.gov (United States)

Rezaei, S.; Ahmadian, F.

2018-06-01

On the basis of first principles calculations, the electronic structures and magnetic properties of quaternary Heusler alloys RbCaNZ (Z = O, S, and Se) were studied. The negative formation energies indicated that all these compounds were thermodynamically stable and thus may be experimentally synthesized at appropriate conditions in the future. The results showed that YI structure was the most favorable configuration among the three possible structures. All compounds were found to be half-metallic ferromagnets. The characteristic of energy bands and origin of half-metallicity were also verified. The total magnetic moments of RbCaNZ (Z = O, S, and Se) compounds were obtained 2μB per formula unit, which were in an agreement with Slater-Pauling rule (Mtot = 12 - Ztot). Half-metallicity was preserved at ranges of 5.06-8.36 Å, 5.96-8.81 Å, and 6.13-8.73 Å for RbCaNO, RbCaNS, and RbCaNSe compounds, respectively, which show that these quaternary Heusler compounds may be potential candidates in spintronic applications.

Magnetism and electronic transport in (Cu,Ni)2MnSn Heusler alloys under ambient and elevated pressures

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Bose, S. K.; Kudrnovský, Josef; Drchal, Václav

2011-01-01

Roč. 8, Suppl. 1 (2011), P137/1-P137/7 ISSN 1708-5284 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA202/09/0775 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10100520 Keywords : Curie temprature * resistivity * spin-disorder resistivity * Heusler alloys * first-principles Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism http://wjoe.hebeu.edu.cn/sup.1.2011/B/Bose,%20S.K.%20(Brock%20U.,%20Ontario,%20Canada)%20137.pdf

Magnetic interactions in martensitic Ni-Mn based Heusler systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aksoy, Seda

2010-04-22

In this work, magnetic, magnetocaloric and structural properties are investigated in Ni-Mn-based martensitic Heusler alloys with the aim to tailor these properties as well as to understand in detail the magnetic interactions in the various crystallographic states of these alloys. We choose Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 34}In{sub 16} as a prototype which undergoes a martensitic transformation and exhibits field-induced strain and the inverse magnetocaloric effect. Using the structural phase diagram of martensitic Ni-Mn-based Heusler alloys, we substitute gallium and tin for indium to carry these effects systematically closer to room temperature by shifting the martensitic transformation. A magneto-calorimeter is designed and built to measure adiabatically the magnetocaloric effect in these alloys. The temperature dependence of strain under an external magnetic field is studied in Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 50-x}Z{sub x} (Z: Ga, Sn, In and Sb) and Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 34}In{sub 16-x}Z{sub x} (Z: Ga and Sn). An argument based on the effect of the applied magnetic field on martensite nucleation is adopted to extract information on the direction of the magnetization easy axis in the martensitic unit cell in Heusler alloys. Parallel to these studies, the structure in the presence of an external field is also studied by powder neutron diffraction. It is demonstrated that martensite nucleation is influenced by cooling the sample under a magnetic field such that the austenite phase is arrested within the martensitic state. The magnetic interactions in Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 37}Sn{sub 13} and Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 40}Sb{sub 10} are characterized by using neutron polarization analysis. Below the martensitic transformation temperature, M{sub s}, an antiferromagnetically correlated state is found. Ferromagnetic resonance experiments are carried out on Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 37}Sn{sub 13} and Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 34}In{sub 16} to gain more detailed information on the nature of the magnetic interactions. The experimental

Influence of intermetallic Fe and Co on crystal structure disorder and magnetic property of Ni50Mn32Al18 Heusler alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Notonegoro, H. A.; Kurniawan, B.; Manaf, A.; Setiawan, J.; Nanto, D.

2016-01-01

This works reports a study on structure and magnetic properties influenced by both Fe and Co on Ni 50 Mn 32 Al 18 Heusler alloy as a candidate of magnetocaloric effect (MCE) materials. The Ni-Fe-Mn-Co-Al sample was prepared by arc melting furnace (AMF) in high purity argon atmosphere. X-ray diffraction investigation and magnetic hysteresis were conducted to characterize the synthesized sample. X-ray diffraction using Cu-Kα pattern shows that both Fe and Co introduce a tungsten type disorder of Ni 50 Mn 32 Al 18 Heusler alloy which partially replace the site position of Ni and Mn respectively. However, in this tungsten type disorder, it is difficult to distinguish the exact position of each constituent atom. Therefore, we believe it may allow any exchange interaction of each electron possessed the atom. Interestingly, it produced a significant increase in the value of the hysteresis magnetic saturation. (paper)

Study of the hyperfine magnetic field at Ta181 site in the Heusler Co2 Sc Sn, Co2 Sc Ga and Co2 Hf Sn alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Attili, R.N.

1992-01-01

The hyperfine magnetic fields acting on 181 Ta nuclei at the Sc and Hf sites have been measured in Heusler alloys Co 2 Sc Sn and Co 2 Sc Ga and Co 2 Hf Sn using the Time Differential Perturbed γ-γ Angular Correlation (TDPAC) technique. The measurements were carried out using an automatic spectrometer consisting of two Ba F 2 detectors and the conventional electronics. The magnitude of hyperfine magnetic field at 181 Ta was measured for all the alloys. The signs of the were determined in the cases of Co 2 Sc Sn and Co 2 Hf Sn alloys by performing the Perturbed Angular Correlation measurements with an external polarizing magnetic field of ≅ 5 k Gauss. The hyperfine magnetic fields obtained are -187,6± 3,3 and 90,0 ± 2,1 kOe measured at 77 K for Co 2 Sc Sn and Co 2 Sc Ga alloys respectively, and -342,4 ± 10,1 kOe measured at the room temperature for Co 2 Hf Sn alloy. These results are discussed and compared with the hyperfine magnetic field systematics in Co-based Heusler alloy. (author)

Structure and properties of quarternary and tetragonal Heusler compounds for spintronics and spin transver torque applications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zamani, Vajiheh Alijani

2012-03-07

This work is divided into two parts: part 1 is focused on the prediction of half-metallicity in quaternary Heusler compounds and their potential for spintronic applications and part 2 on the structural properties of Mn{sub 2}-based Heusler alloys and tuning the magnetism of them from soft to hard-magnetic for spin-transfer torque applications. In part 1, three different series of quaternary Heusler compounds are investigated, XX'MnGa (X=Cu, Ni and X'=Fe,Co), CoFeMnZ (Z=Al,Ga,Si,Ge), and Co{sub 2-x}Rh{sub x}MnZ (Z=Ga,Sn,Sb). All of these quaternary compounds except CuCoMnGa are predicted to be half-metallic ferromagnets by ab-initio electronic structure calculations. In the XX'MnGa class of compounds, NiFeMnGa has a low Curie temperature for technological applications but NiCoMnGa with a high spin polarization, magnetic moment, and Curie temperature is an interesting new material for spintronics applications. All CoFeMnZ compounds exhibit a cubic Heusler structur and their magnetic moments are in fair agreement with the Slater-Pauling rule indicating the halfmetallicity and high spin polarization required for spintronics applications. Their high Curie temperatures make them suitable for utilization at room temperature and above. The structural investigation revealed that the crystal structure of all Co{sub 2-x}Rh{sub x}MnZ compounds aside from CoRhMnSn exhibit different types of anti-site disorder. The magnetic moments of the disordered compounds deviate from the Slater-Pauling rule indicating that 100% spin polarization are not realized in CoRhMnGa, CoRhMnSb, and Co{sub 0.5}Rh{sub 1.5}MnSb. Exchange of one Co in Co{sub 2}MnSn by Rh results in the stable, well-ordered compound CoRhMnSn. This exchange of one of the magnetic Co atoms by a non-magnetic Rh atom keeps the magnetic properties and half-metallicity intact. In part 2, two series of Mn{sub 2}-based Heusler alloys are investigated, Mn{sub 3-x}Co{sub x}Ga and Mn{sub 2-x}Rh{sub 1+x}Sn. It has been

Effects of the thermal and magnetic paths on first order martensite transition of disordered Ni45Mn44Sn9In2 Heusler alloy exhibiting a giant magnetocaloric effect and magnetoresistance near room temperature

Science.gov (United States)

Chabri, T.; Ghosh, A.; Nair, Sunil; Awasthi, A. M.; Venimadhav, A.; Nath, T. K.

2018-05-01

The existence of a first order martensite transition in off-stoichiometric Ni45Mn44Sn9In2 ferromagnetic shape memory Heusler alloy has been clearly observed by thermal, magnetic, and magneto-transport measurements. Field and thermal path dependence of the change in large magnetic entropy and negative magnetoresistance are observed, which originate due to the sharp change in magnetization driven by metamagnetic transition from the weakly magnetic martensite phase to the ferromagnetic austenite phase in the vicinity of the martensite transition. The noticeable shift in the martensite transition with the application of a magnetic field is the most significant feature of the present study. This shift is due to the interplay of the austenite and martensite phase fraction in the alloy. The different aspects of the first order martensite transition, e.g. broadening of the martensite transition and the field induced arrest of the austenite phase are mainly related to the dynamics of coexisting phases in the vicinity of the martensite transition. The alloy also shows a second order ferromagnetic  →  paramagnetic transition near the Curie temperature of the austenite phase. A noticeably large change in magnetic entropy (ΔS M   =  24 J kg‑1 K‑1 at 298 K) and magnetoresistance (=  ‑33% at 295 K) has been observed for the change in 5 and 8 T magnetic fields, respectively. The change in adiabatic temperature for the change in a magnetic field of 5 T is found to be  ‑3.8 K at 299 K. The low cost of the ingredients and the large change in magnetic entropy very near to the room temperature makes Ni45Mn44Sn9In2 alloy a promising magnetic refrigerant for real technological application.

Co2FeSi Heusler alloy prepared by arc melting and planar flow casting methods: microstructure and magnetism.

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Titov, Andrii; Životský, O.; Hendrych, A.; Janičkovič, D.; Buršík, Jiří; Jirásková, Yvonna

2017-01-01

Roč. 131, č. 4 (2017), s. 654-656 ISSN 0587-4246. [CSMAG 2016 - Czech and Slovak Conference on Magnetism /16./. Košice, 13.06.2016-17.06.2016] Institutional support: RVO:68081723 Keywords : Heusler alloy * Surface morphology * Magnetic properties * Arc melting * Planar flow casting Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism; BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism (UFM-A) OBOR OECD: Condensed matter physics (including formerly solid state physics, supercond.) Impact factor: 0.469, year: 2016

Extraordinary magnetic and structural properties of the off-stoichiometric and the Co-doped Ni.sub.2./sub.MnGa Heusler alloys under high pressure

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Kamarád, Jiří; Albertini, F.; Arnold, Zdeněk; Fabbrici, S.; Kaštil, Jiří

2014-01-01

Roč. 77, Sep (2014), s. 60-67 ISSN 1359-6454 R&D Projects: GA ČR GAP204/12/0692 Institutional support: RVO:68378271 Keywords : Heusler alloys * martensitic transformation * magnetic properties * high pressure Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism Impact factor: 4.465, year: 2014

Ferromagnetic behavior of nanocrystalline Cu–Mn alloy prepared by ball milling

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mondal, B.N., E-mail: bholanath_mondal@yahoo.co.in [Department of Central Scientific Services, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032 (India); Sardar, G. [Department of Zoology, Baruipur College, South 24 parganas 743 610 (India); Nath, D.N. [Department of Physical Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032 (India); Chattopadhyay, P.P. [Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Bengal Engineering and Science University, Shibpur, Howrah 711 103 (India)

2014-12-15

50Cu–50Mn (wt%) alloy was produced by ball milling. The milling was continued up to 30 h followed by isothermal annealing over a four interval of temperature from 350 to 650 °C held for 1 h. Crystallite size, lattice strain, lattice parameter were determined by Rietveld refinement structure analysis of X-ray diffraction data. The amount of dissolved/precipitated Mn (wt%) after ball milling/milling followed by annealing was calculated by quantative phase analysis (QPA). The increase of coercivity could be attributed to the introduction of lattice strain and reduction of crystallite size as a function of milling time. Electron paramagnetic resonance and superconducting quantum interface device analysis indicate that soft ferromagnetic behavior has been achieved by ball milled and annealed Cu–Mn alloy. The maximum coercivity value of Cu–Mn alloy obtained after annealing at 350 °C for 1 h is 277 Oe. - Highlights: • A small amount of Mn has dissolved in Cu after ball milling for 30 h. • Coercivity of the Cu–Mn alloy has increased with an increase in milling time. • Substantial MnO has formed after annealing at 650 °C for 1 h. • The ball milled and annealed alloy have revealed soft ferromagnetic behavior. • The alloy annealed at 350 °C shows the maximum value of coercivity.

Comparison of field swept ferromagnetic resonance methods - A case study using Ni-Mn-Sn films

Science.gov (United States)

Modak, R.; Samantaray, B.; Mandal, P.; Srinivasu, V. V.; Srinivasan, A.

2018-05-01

Ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy is used to understand the magnetic behavior of Ni-Mn-Sn Heusler alloy film. Two popular experimental methods available for recording FMR spectra are presented here. In plane angular (φH) variation of magnetic relaxation is used to evaluate the in plane anisotropy (Ku) of the film. The out of plane (θH) variation of FMR spectra has been numerically analyzed to extract the Gilbert damping coefficient, effective magnetization and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (K1). Magnetic homogeneity of the film had also been evaluated in terms of 2-magnon contribution from FMR linewidth. The advantage and limitations of these two popular FMR techniques are discussed on the basis of the results obtained in this comparative study.

Study of annealing effects on the giant magnetoresistance in ferromagnetic alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ju Sheng; Li Zhenya

2005-01-01

A self-consistent macroscopic theory is developed to improve on that of Gu et al (1996 Phys. Rev. B 53 11685) and to provide a physical understanding of some new experimental observations in ferromagnetic alloys. For composites with non-spherical inclusions, which is the general case in artificial granular systems, previous models based on the calculation of a spherical particle in the dilute limit are inadequate. By considering the particle shape distribution and its evolution with annealing effects, we have studied the shape dependence of the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in ferromagnetic alloys. It is found that both the particle shape and its orientation are effective factors in determining the magnitude of the GMR. Based on a comparison between our calculations and experimental data, a comprehensive picture of the effects of annealing on GMR is obtained

High performance p-type segmented leg of misfit-layered cobaltite and half-Heusler alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hung, Le Thanh; Van Nong, Ngo; Snyder, G. Jeffrey; Viet, Man Hoang; Balke, Benjamin; Han, Li; Stamate, Eugen; Linderoth, Søren; Pryds, Nini

2015-01-01

Highlights: • p-type segmented leg of oxide and half-Heusler was for the first time demonstrated. • The maximum conversion efficiency reached a value of about 5%. • The results are among the highest reported values so far for oxide-based legs. • Oxide-based segmented leg is very promising for generating electricity. - Abstract: In this study, a segmented p-type leg of doped misfit-layered cobaltite Ca 2.8 Lu 0.15 Ag 0.05 Co 4 O 9+δ and half-Heusler Ti 0.3 Zr 0.35 Hf 0.35 CoSb 0.8 Sn 0.2 alloy was fabricated and characterized. The thermoelectric properties of single components, segmented leg, and the electrical contact resistance of the joint part were measured as a function of temperature. The output power generation characteristics of segmented legs were characterized in air under various temperature gradients, ΔT, with the hot side temperature up to 1153 K. At ΔT ≈ 756 K, the maximum conversion efficiency reached a value of ∼5%, which is about 65% of that expected from the materials without parasitic losses. The long-term stability investigation for two weeks at the hot and cold side temperatures of 1153/397 K shows that the segmented leg has good durability as a result of stable and low electrical resistance contacts

The structural, electronic, magnetic and optical properties of the half-metallic binary alloys ZCl3 (Z=Be, Mg, Ca, Sr): A first-principles study

Science.gov (United States)

Song, Jun-Tao; Zhang, Jian-Min

2018-06-01

The investigations of the electronic and magnetic properties show the binary Heusler alloys ZCl3 (Z = Be, Mg, Ca, Sr) are half-metallic (HM) ferromagnets with an integer magnetic moment (Mt) of 1 μB /f.u.. The alloy BeCl3 is thermodynamic meta-stable, while other alloys are thermodynamic stable according to their cohesive energies and formation energies. Moreover, wide HM regions for alloys ZCl3 (Z = Be, Mg, Ca, Sr) show their HM characters are robust when the lattices are expanded or compressed under uniform and tetragonal strains. Finally, some optical properties are analyzed in detail, such as the dielectric function, the absorption coefficient, the refractive index and the extinction coefficient.

Ferromagnetism and spin glass ordering in transition metal alloys (invited)

Science.gov (United States)

Crane, S.; Carnegie, D. W., Jr.; Claus, H.

1982-03-01

Magnetic properties of transition metal alloys near the percolation threshold are often complicated by metallurgical effects. Alloys like AuFe, VFe, CuNi, RhNi, and PdNi are in general not random solid solutions but have various degrees of atomic clustering or short-range order (SRO), depending on the heat treatment. First, it is shown how the magnetic ordering temperature of these alloys varies with the degree of clustering or SRO. Second, by systematically changing this degree of clustering or SRO, important information can be obtained about the magnetic phase diagram. In all these alloys below the percolation limit, the onset of ferromagnetic order is probably preceded by a spin glass-type ordering. However, details of the magnetic phase diagram near the critical point can be quite different alloy systems.

Temperature dependence of twinning and magnetic stresses in Ni.sub.46./sub.Mn.sub.24./sub.Ga.sub.22./sub.Co.sub.4./sub.Cu.sub.4./sub. alloy with giant 12% magnetic field-induced strain

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Sozinov, A.; Soroka, A.; Lanska, N.; Rameš, Michal; Straka, Ladislav; Ullakko, K.

2017-01-01

Roč. 131, Apr (2017), s. 33-36 ISSN 1359-6462 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA16-00043S Institutional support: RVO:68378271 Keywords : Heusler phases * ferromagnetic shape memory alloy * twinning * magnetic anisotropy * magnetic shape memory Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism OBOR OECD: Condensed matter physics (including formerly solid state physics, supercond.) Impact factor: 3.747, year: 2016

Monocrystalline Heusler Co2FeSi alloy glass-coated microwires: Fabrication and magneto-structural characterization

Science.gov (United States)

Galdun, L.; Ryba, T.; Prida, V. M.; Zhukova, V.; Zhukov, A.; Diko, P.; Kavečanský, V.; Vargova, Z.; Varga, R.

2018-05-01

Large scale production of single crystalline phase of Heusler Co2FeSi alloy microwire is reported. The long microwire (∼1 km) with the metallic nucleus diameter of about 2 μm is characterized by well oriented monocrystalline structure (B2 phase, with the lattice parameter a = 5.615 Å). Moreover, the crystallographic direction [1 0 1] is parallel to the wire's axis along the entire length. Additionally, the wire is characterized by exhibiting a high Curie temperature (Tc > 800 K) and well-defined magnetic anisotropy mainly governed by shape. Electrical resistivity measurement reveals the exponential suppression of the electron-magnon scattering which provides strong evidence on the half-metallic behaviour of this material in the low temperature range.

Effect of Spark Plasma Sintering on the Structure and Properties of Ti1−xZrxNiSn Half-Heusler Alloys

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ruth A. Downie

2014-10-01

Full Text Available XNiSn (X = Ti, Zr and Hf half-Heusler alloys have promising thermoelectric properties and are attracting enormous interest for use in waste heat recovery. In particular, multiphase behaviour has been linked to reduced lattice thermal conductivities, which enables improved energy conversion efficiencies. This manuscript describes the impact of spark plasma sintering (SPS on the phase distributions and thermoelectric properties of Ti0.5Zr0.5NiSn based half-Heuslers. Rietveld analysis reveals small changes in composition, while measurement of the Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivities reveals that all SPS treated samples are electron doped compared to the as-prepared samples. The lattice thermal conductivities fall between 4 W·m−1·K−1 at 350 K and 3 W·m−1·K−1 at 740 K. A maximum ZT = 0.7 at 740 K is observed in a sample with nominal Ti0.5Zr0.5NiSn composition.

Room temperature inverse magnetocaloric effect in Pd substituted Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 37}Sn{sub 13} Heusler alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saha, Ritwik, E-mail: ritwik.saha@tifr.res.in; Nigam, A.K.

2014-09-01

The structural, magnetic and magnetocaloric effects for Ni{sub 50−x}Pd{sub x}Mn{sub 37}Sn{sub 13} Heusler alloys have been investigated around both structural and magnetic transitions. The room temperature X-ray diffraction indicates 10 M modulated martensitic structure with an orthorhombic unit cell for x=0 and 1. However, the superstructure reflections for x=2 alloy imply that the pattern is related to the L2{sub 1} phase. The maximum entropy change occurring at the martensitic transition is found to be 21 J kg{sup −1} K{sup −1} for Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 37}Sn{sub 13} alloy around room temperature. Despite the smaller change in entropy around room temperature, 3.8 times larger value of refrigerant capacity (184.6 J/kg) is achieved for 2% substitution of Pd, due to occurrence of magnetic entropy change in a broader temperature region.

Effect of Fe substitution at the Ni and Mn sites on the magnetic properties of Ni50Mn35In15 Heusler alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Halder, Madhumita; Suresh, K.G.

2015-01-01

The structural and magnetic properties of Ni 48 Fe 2 Mn 35 In 15 and Ni 50 Mn 34 FeIn 15 Heusler alloys have been investigated. At room temperature, Ni 48 Fe 2 Mn 35 In 15 has L2 1 cubic structure, whereas Ni 50 Mn 34 FeIn 15 shows a two-phase structure due to the martensitic transition. In the case of Ni 48 Fe 2 Mn 35 In 15 , there is only one magnetic transition at 316 K with no martensitic transition. However, in Ni 50 Mn 34 FeIn 15 , we observe the martensitic transition at about 280 K. The Curie temperatures for austenite and martensite phases are 314 and 200 K, respectively. The maximum magnetic entropy changes are found to be 5.5 and 4.5 J kg −1 K −1 for Ni 48 Fe 2 Mn 35 In 15 and Ni 50 Mn 34 FeIn 15 , respectively, for 50 kOe. Ni 50 Mn 34 FeIn 15 exhibits exchange bias behavior, with a bias field of 130 Oe at 5 K. Both the alloys satisfy the empirical relation between the martensitic transition and the valence electron concentration (e/a) ratio. - Highlights: • Structural and magnetic properties of Ni 48 Fe 2 Mn 35 In 15 and Ni 50 Mn 34 FeIn 15 Heusler alloys have been investigated. • Ni 48 Fe 2 Mn 35 In 15 does not undergo a martensitic transition, whereas Ni 50 Mn 34 FeIn 15 shows martensitic transition. • Ni 50 Mn 34 FeIn 15 alloy exhibits exchange bias behavior. • Both alloys satisfy the empirical relation between martensitic transition and valence electron concentration (e/a)

First-principal study of full Heusler alloys Co{sub 2}VZ (Z = As, In)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gupta, Dinesh C., E-mail: sosfizix@gmail.com [Condensed Matter Theory Group, School of Studies in Physics, Jiwaji University, Gwalior 474 011, M.P. (India); Ghosh, Sukriti [Department of Physics, Govt. K.R.G. Auto. P.G. College, Gwalior 474 001, M.P. (India); Condensed Matter Theory Group, School of Studies in Physics, Jiwaji University, Gwalior 474 011, M.P. (India)

2017-08-01

Highlights: • The present materials show magnetism and hence they can prove to be important in modern technology. • The materials show high spin polarization hence can be better candidates for spintronics. • It is the first attempt to predict the thermodynamic and transport properties by ab initio method. • They behave as metallic in spin-up and semiconductor-like behavior in spin-down states. • Their interesting properties will attract interest in such materials. - Abstract: We have used full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method in the stable Fm-3m phase to investigate the structural, elastic, magnetic and electronic properties of Co{sub 2}VZ (Z = As, In). The optimized equilibrium lattice parameter in stable phase is 5.80 Å for Co{sub 2}VAs and 6.01 Å for Co{sub 2}VIn. Ferromagnetic behavior of both the alloys is explained by the spin resolved density of states. The exchange splitting due to Co and V atoms are responsible for the ferromagnetic behaviour. No energy gap is found in spin up state while an energy gap can be seen in spin down state, hence, showing half-metallic nature. Elastic stability is discussed through elastic constants. Thermodynamic properties of the alloys have been obtained by using the quasi-harmonic approximations. Boltzmann theory is employed to investigate the electronic transport properties of these alloys.

First-principles study on half-metallic ferromagnetic properties of Zn1- x V x Se ternary alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Khatta, Swati; Tripathi, S. K.; Prakash, Satya

2017-09-01

The spin-polarised density functional theory along with self-consistent plane-wave pseudopotential is used to investigate the half-metallic ferromagnetic properties of ternary alloys Zn1- x V x Se. The generalized gradient approximation is used for exchange-correlation potential. The equilibrium lattice constants, bulk modulus, and its derivatives are calculated. The calculated spin-polarised energy-band structures reveal that these alloys are half-metallic for x = 0.375 and 0.50 and nearly half-metallic for other values of x. The estimated direct and indirect bandgaps may be useful for the magneto-optical absorption experiments. It is found that there is strong Zn 4s, Se 4p, and V 3d orbital hybridization in the conduction bands of both the spins, while Se 4p and V 3d orbital hybridization predominates in the valence bands of both the spins. The s, p-d, and p-d orbital hybridization reduces the local magnetic moment of V atoms and small local magnetic moments are produced on Zn and Se atoms which get coupled with V atoms in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases, respectively. The conduction and valence-band-edge splittings and exchange constants predict the ferromagnetism in these alloys. The conduction band-impurity (s and p-d) exchange interaction is more significant for ferromagnetism in these alloys than the valence band-impurity (p-d) exchange interaction.

Static critical phenomena in Co-Ni-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sethi, Brahmananda; Sarma, S.; Srinivasan, A.; Santra, S. B.

2014-01-01

Ferromagnetic shape memory alloys are smart materials because they exhibit temperature driven shape memory effect and magnetic field induced strain. Thus two types of energy, i.e. thermal and magnetic, are used to control their shape memory behaviour. Study of critical phenomenon in such materials has received increased experimental and theoretical attention for better understanding of the magnetic phase transition behavior as well as further development of ferromagnetic shape memory materials. In the present study we report the preparation and characterization of bulk Co 45 Ni 25 Ga 30 alloy, prepared by a sequence of arc melting technique followed by homogenization at 1150 °C for 24 hours and ice-water quenching. Structural and magnetic properties of the alloys were studied by means of X-ray diffraction and vibrating sample magnetometer in an applied field range of ±18 kOe equipped with a high temperature oven. We have determined the critical temperature T C (∼375.5 K) and the critical exponents viz; β=0.40, γ=1.68 and δ=5.2. Asymptotic critical exponents β, γ, and δ obey Widom scaling relation, γ+β=βδ, and the magnetization data satisfy the scaling equation of state for second-order phase transition in the asymptotic critical region

Magnetocaloric effect in “reduced” dimensions: Thin films, ribbons, and microwires of Heusler alloys and related compounds: Magnetocaloric effect in “reduced” dimensions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Khovaylo, Vladimir V. [National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow 119049 Russia; ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101 Russia; Rodionova, Valeria V. [National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow 119049 Russia; Innovation Park and Institute of Physics & Technology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236041 Russia; Shevyrtalov, Sergey N. [Innovation Park and Institute of Physics & Technology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236041 Russia; Novosad, Val [Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne IL 60439 USA

2014-08-19

Room temperature magnetic refrigeration is an energy saving and environmentally-friendly technology which has developed rapidly from a basic idea to prototype devices. The performance of magnetic refrigerators crucially depends on the magnetocaloric properties and the geometry of the employed refrigerants. Here we review the magnetocaloric properties of Heusler alloys and related compounds with a high surface to volume ratio such as films, ribbons and microwires, and compare them with their bulk counterparts.

Pulsed high-magnetic-field experiments: New insights into the magnetocaloric effect in Ni-Mn-In Heusler alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Salazar Mejía, C.; Nayak, A. K.; Felser, C.; Nicklas, M.; Ghorbani Zavareh, M.; Wosnitza, J.; Skourski, Y.

2015-01-01

The present pulsed high-magnetic-field study on Ni 50 Mn 35 In 15 gives an extra insight into the thermodynamics of the martensitic transformation in Heusler shape-memory alloys. The transformation-entropy change, ΔS, was estimated from field-dependent magnetization experiments in pulsed high magnetic fields and by heat-capacity measurements in static fields. We found a decrease of ΔS with decreasing temperature. This behavior can be understood by considering the different signs of the lattice and magnetic contributions to the total entropy. Our results further imply that the magnetocaloric effect will decrease with decreasing temperature and, furthermore, the martensitic transition is not induced anymore by changing the temperature in high magnetic fields

Special Heusler compounds for spintronic applications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Balke, B.

2007-07-01

This work emphasizes the potential of Heusler compounds in a wide range of spintronic applications. Using electronic structure calculations it is possible to design compounds for specific applications. Examples for GMR and TMR applications, for spin injection into semiconductors, and for spin torque transfer applications will be shown. After a detailed introduction about spintronics and related materials chapter 5 reports about the investigation of new half-metallic compounds where the Fermi energy is tuned in the middle of the gap to result in more stable compounds for GMR and TMR applications. The bulk properties of the quaternary Heusler alloy Co{sub 2}Mn{sub 1-x}Fe{sub x}Si with the Fe concentration ranging from x=0 to 1 are reported and the results suggest that the best candidate for applications may be found at an iron concentration of about 50%. Due to the effect that in the Co{sub 2}Mn{sub 1-x}Fe{sub x}Si series the transition metal carrying the localized moment is exchanged and this might lead to unexpected effects on the magnetic properties if the samples are not completely homogeneous chapter 6 reports about the optimization of the Heusler compounds for GMR and TMR applications. The structural and magnetic properties of the quaternary Heusler alloy Co{sub 2}FeAl{sub 1-x}Si{sub x} with varying Si concentration are reported. From the combination of experimental (better order for high Si content) and theoretical findings (robust gap at x=0.5) it is concluded that a compound with an intermediate Si concentration close to x=0.5-0.7 would be best suited for spintronic applications, especially for GMR and TMR applications. In chapter 7 the detailed investigation of compounds for spin injection into semiconductors is reported. It is shown that the diluted magnetic semiconductors based on CoTiSb with a very low lattice mismatch among each other are interesting materials for spintronics applications like Spin-LEDs or other spin injection devices. Chapter 8 refers

Scaling Behavior of the Spin Pumping Effect in Ferromagnet-Platinum Bilayers

Science.gov (United States)

Czeschka, F. D.; Dreher, L.; Brandt, M. S.; Weiler, M.; Althammer, M.; Imort, I.-M.; Reiss, G.; Thomas, A.; Schoch, W.; Limmer, W.; Huebl, H.; Gross, R.; Goennenwein, S. T. B.

2011-07-01

We systematically measured the dc voltage VISH induced by spin pumping together with the inverse spin Hall effect in ferromagnet-platinum bilayer films. In all our samples, comprising ferromagnetic 3d transition metals, Heusler compounds, ferrite spinel oxides, and magnetic semiconductors, VISH invariably has the same polarity, and scales with the magnetization precession cone angle. These findings, together with the spin mixing conductance derived from the experimental data, quantitatively corroborate the present theoretical understanding of spin pumping in combination with the inverse spin Hall effect.

Ab Initio theory of the Gilbert damping in random ferromagnetic alloys

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Drchal, Václav; Turek, I.; Kudrnovský, Josef

2017-01-01

Roč. 30, č. 6 (2017), s. 1669-1672 ISSN 1557-1939 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA15-13436S Institutional support: RVO:68378271 Keywords : Gilbert damping * ferromagnetic alloys * ab initio * nonlocal torques Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism OBOR OECD: Condensed matter physics (including formerly solid state physics, supercond.) Impact factor: 1.180, year: 2016

Performance analysis of STT-RAM with cross shaped free layer using Heusler alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Bharat Kumary, Tangudu; Ghosh, Bahniman; Awadhiya, Bhaskar; Verma, Ankit Kumar

2016-01-01

We have investigated the performance of a spin transfer torque random access memory (STT-RAM) cell with a cross shaped Heusler compound based free layer using micromagnetic simulations. We have designed a free layer using a Cobalt based Heusler compound. Simulation results clearly show that the switching time from one state to the other state has been reduced, also it has been found that the critical switching current density (to switch the magnetization of the free layer of the STT RAM cell) is reduced.

The effects of substituting Ag for In on the magnetoresistance and magnetocaloric properties of Ni-Mn-In Heusler alloys

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sudip Pandey

2016-05-01

Full Text Available The effect of substituting Ag for In on the structural, magnetocaloric, and thermomagnetic properties of Ni50Mn35In15−xAgx (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, and 1 Heusler alloys was studied. The magnitude of the magnetization change at the martensitic transition temperature (TM decreased with increasing Ag concentration. Smaller magnetic entropy changes (ΔSM were observed for the alloys with larger Ag concentrations and the martensitic transition shifted to higher temperature. A shift of TM by about 25 K to higher temperature was observed for an applied hydrostatic pressure of P = 6.6 kbar with respect to ambient pressure. A large drop in resistivity was observed for large Ag concentration. The magnetoresistance was dramatically suppressed due to an increase in the disorder of the system with increasing Ag concentration. Possible mechanisms responsible for the observed behavior are discussed.

Vacancy dynamic in Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Merida, D., E-mail: david.merida@ehu.es [Fisika Aplikatua II Saila, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, p.k. 644, 48080 Bilbao (Spain); Elektrizitate eta Elektronika Saila, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, p.k. 644, 48080 Bilbao (Spain); García, J. A. [Fisika Aplikatua II Saila, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, p.k. 644, 48080 Bilbao (Spain); BC Materials (Basque Centre for Materials, Application and Nanostructures), 48040 Leioa (Spain); Sánchez-Alarcos, V.; Pérez-Landazábal, J. I.; Recarte, V. [Departamento de Física, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadia, 31006 Pamplona (Spain); Plazaola, F. [Elektrizitate eta Elektronika Saila, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, p.k. 644, 48080 Bilbao (Spain)

2014-06-09

Vacancies control any atomic ordering process and consequently most of the order-dependent properties of the martensitic transformation in ferromagnetic shape memory alloys. Positron annihilation spectroscopy demonstrates to be a powerful technique to study vacancies in NiMnGa alloys quenched from different temperatures and subjected to post-quench isothermal annealing treatments. Considering an effective vacancy type the temperature dependence of the vacancy concentration has been evaluated. Samples quenched from 1173 K show a vacancy concentration of 1100 ± 200 ppm. The vacancy migration and formation energies have been estimated to be 0.55 ± 0.05 eV and 0.90 ± 0.07 eV, respectively.

Ab initio studies of Co{sub 2}FeAl{sub 1−x}Si{sub x} Heusler alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Szwacki, N. Gonzalez, E-mail: gonz@fuw.edu.pl; Majewski, Jacek A., E-mail: jam@fuw.edu.pl

2016-07-01

We present results of extensive theoretical studies of Co{sub 2}FeAl{sub 1−x}Si{sub x} Heusler alloys, which have been performed in the framework of density functional theory employing the all-electron full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave scheme. It is shown that the Si-rich alloys are more resistive to structural disorder and as a consequence Si stabilizes the L2{sub 1} structure. Si alloying changes position of the Fermi level, pushing it into the gap of the minority spin-band. It is also shown that the hyperfine field on Co nuclei increases with the Si concentration, and this increase originates mostly from the changes in the electronic density of the valence electrons. - Highlights: • GGA+U calculations: μ and E{sub g} dependence on the value of U for Co{sub 2}FeAl and Co{sub 2}FeSi. • Behavior of magnetic hyperfine fields on the Co site of Co{sub 2}FeAl{sub 1−x}Si{sub x} versus x. • DFT proof of suppression of formation of antisites defects with x in Co{sub 2}FeAl{sub 1−x}Si{sub x}.

Vacancy induced half-metallicity in half-Heusler semiconductors

KAUST Repository

Zhu, Zhiyong

2011-09-28

First-principles calculations are performed to investigate the effect of vacancies on the electronic structure and magnetic properties of the two prototypical half-Heusler semiconductors NiTiSn and CoTiSb. The spin degeneracy of the host materials is broken for all types of isolated vacancies under consideration, except for Ni-deficient NiTiSn. A half-metallic character is identified in Sn-deficient NiTiSn and Co/Ti/Sb-deficient CoTiSb. We can explain our findings by introducing an extending Slater-Pauling rule for systems with defects. A ferromagnetic ordering of the local moments due to double exchange appears to be likely.

Coupled magnetoelastic waves in ferromagnetic shape-memory alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Bar'Yakhtar, V. G.; Danilevich, A. G.; L'Vov, V. A.

2011-10-01

The theory of the spectra of coupled magnetoelastic waves in ferromagnetic shape-memory alloys (FSMA) is developed. The possibility of an abnormally strong coupling of spin waves with the soft elastic mode at approaching the martensitic transformation (MT) temperature is disclosed. In particular the magnetoelastic waves in Ni-Mn-Ga single crystals are considered. A considerable (by an order of magnitude) reduction of the shear elastic modulus and an appropriate lowering of the transversal velocity of sound in the applied magnetic field are predicted. Optimum conditions for the experimental observation of the predicted effects are specified.

First-principles study on half-metallic ferromagnetic properties of Zn{sub 1-x}V{sub x}Se ternary alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Khatta, Swati; Tripathi, S.K.; Prakash, Satya [Panjab University, Central of Advanced Study in Physics, Department of Physics, Chandigarh (India)

2017-09-15

The spin-polarised density functional theory along with self-consistent plane-wave pseudopotential is used to investigate the half-metallic ferromagnetic properties of ternary alloys Zn{sub 1-x}V{sub x}Se. The generalized gradient approximation is used for exchange-correlation potential. The equilibrium lattice constants, bulk modulus, and its derivatives are calculated. The calculated spin-polarised energy-band structures reveal that these alloys are half-metallic for x = 0.375 and 0.50 and nearly half-metallic for other values of x. The estimated direct and indirect bandgaps may be useful for the magneto-optical absorption experiments. It is found that there is strong Zn 4s, Se 4p, and V 3d orbital hybridization in the conduction bands of both the spins, while Se 4p and V 3d orbital hybridization predominates in the valence bands of both the spins. The s, p-d, and p-d orbital hybridization reduces the local magnetic moment of V atoms and small local magnetic moments are produced on Zn and Se atoms which get coupled with V atoms in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases, respectively. The conduction and valence-band-edge splittings and exchange constants predict the ferromagnetism in these alloys. The conduction band-impurity (s and p-d) exchange interaction is more significant for ferromagnetism in these alloys than the valence band-impurity (p-d) exchange interaction. (orig.)

Direct and indirect measurement of the magnetocaloric effect in bulk and nanostructured Ni-Mn-In Heusler alloy

Science.gov (United States)

Ghahremani, Mohammadreza; Aslani, Amir; Hosseinnia, Marjan; Bennett, Lawrence H.; Della Torre, Edward

2018-05-01

A systematic study of the magnetocaloric effect of a Ni51Mn33.4In15.6 Heusler alloy converted to nanoparticles via high energy ball-milling technique in the temperature range of 270 to 310 K has been performed. The properties of the particles were characterized by x-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and magnetometer techniques. Isothermal magnetic field variation of magnetization exhibits field hysteresis in bulk Ni51Mn33.4In15.6 alloy across the martensitic transition which significantly lessened in the nanoparticles. The magnetocaloric effects of the bulk and nanoparticle samples were measured both with direct method, through our state of the art direct test bed apparatus with controllability over the applied fields and temperatures, as well as an indirect method through Maxwell and thermodynamic equations. In direct measurements, nanoparticle sample's critical temperature decreased by 6 K, but its magnetocaloric effect enhanced by 17% over the bulk counterpart. Additionally, when comparing the direct and indirect magnetocaloric curves, the direct method showed 14% less adiabatic temperature change in the bulk and 5% less adiabatic temperature change in the nanostructured sample.

Magnetic characterisation of large grain, bulk Y–Ba–Cu–O superconductor–soft ferromagnetic alloy hybrid structures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Philippe, M.P.; Fagnard, J.-F.; Kirsch, S.; Xu, Z.; Dennis, A.R.; Shi, Y.-H.; Cardwell, D.A.; Vanderheyden, B.; Vanderbemden, P.

2014-01-01

Highlights: • Large grain, bulk YBaCuO superconductor (SC) combined with ferromagnetic elements. • The flux lines curve outwards through the ferromagnet in the remanent state. • The trapped field in the SC is enhanced by the presence of the ferromagnet. • The effects of the SC and the ferromagnet add when the ferromagnet is saturated. - Abstract: Large grain, bulk Y–Ba–Cu–O (YBCO) high temperature superconductors (HTS) have significant potential for use in a variety of practical applications that incorporate powerful quasi-permanent magnets. In the present work, we investigate how the trapped field of such magnets can be improved by combining bulk YBCO with a soft FeNi, ferromagnetic alloy. This involves machining the alloy into components of various shapes, such as cylinders and rings, which are attached subsequently to the top surface of a solid, bulk HTS cylinder. The effect of these modifications on the magnetic hysteresis curve and trapped field of the bulk superconductor at 77 K are then studied using pick-up coil and Hall probe measurements. The experimental data are compared to finite element modelling of the magnetic flux distribution using Campbell’s algorithm. Initially we establish the validity of the technique involving pick-up coils wrapped around the bulk superconductor to obtain its magnetic hysteresis curve in a non-destructive way and highlight the difference between the measured signal and the true magnetization of the sample. We then consider the properties of hybrid ferromagnet/superconductor (F/S) structures. Hall probe measurements, together with the results of the model, establish that flux lines curve outwards through the ferromagnet, which acts, effectively, like a magnetic short circuit. Magnetic hysteresis curves show that the effects of the superconductor and the ferromagnet simply add when the ferromagnet is saturated fully by the applied field. The trapped field of the hybrid structure is always larger than that of the

27Al, 63Cu NMR spectroscopy and electrical transport in Heusler Cu-Mn-Al alloy powders

Science.gov (United States)

Nadutov, V. M.; Perekos, A. O.; Kokorin, V. V.; Trachevskii, V. V.; Konoplyuk, S. M.; Vashchuk, D. L.

2018-02-01

The ultrafine powder of the Heusler Cu-13,1Mn-12,6Al (wt.%) alloy produced by electrical spark dispersion (ESD) in ethanol and the pellets prepared by pressing of the powders and aged in various gas environment (air, Ar, vacuum) were studied by XRD, nuclear magnetic resonance, magnetic and electric transport methods. The constituent phases were identified as b.c.c. α-Cu-Mn-Al, f.c.c. γ-Cu-Mn-Al, Cu2MnAl, and oxides. The sizes of the coherently scattering domains (CSD) and the saturation magnetizations were in the range of 4-90 nm and 0-1.5 Am2/kg, respectively. 27Al and 63Cu NMR spectra of the powders and pellets have shown hyperfine structure caused by contributions from atomic nuclei of the constituent phases. The aging of pellets in different gas environments had effect on their phase composition but no effect on dispersion of the phases. In contrast to the as-cast alloy, electrical resistance of the pellets evidenced semiconducting behavior at elevated temperatures due to the presence of metal oxides formed on the surfaces of nanoparticles.

Effect of site disorder on the electronic properties of Fe2VAl Heusler alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Venkatesh, Ch.; Srinivas, V.; Rao, V.V.; Srivastava, S.K.; Babu, P. Sudheer

2013-01-01

Highlights: •The role of site-disorder on physical properties of Fe 2 VAl has been investigated through experiments as well as DFT calculations. •Metal to semiconductor-like behaviour in electrical transport of anti-site disordered Fe 2 VAl was consistently explained. •Both itinerant and localized magnetic behaviours of anti-site disordered Fe 2 VAl are discussed. •Justification of metallic-like transition in site-disordered Fe 2 VAl is given. -- Abstract: Ab initio calculations on ordered L2 1 structure of Fe 2 VAl alloy have been carried out by introducing B2, DO 3 , A2′ and XY–XZ type disorders in order to understand the role of anti-site disorder on magnetic and transport properties. These studies show an enhancement of individual spin moments of anti-site Fe atoms in DO 3 , A2′ and XY–XZ type anti-site disorder, making the Fe 2 VAl alloy magnetically active. These calculations also show that hybridization due to covalent distribution of valance states among the atoms is important in Fe 2 VAl, defining its unusual physical properties. From the density of states spectrum obtained near the Fermi level, we have noticed formation of intermediate defect-like states that couple the edges of the pseudo gap on both sides of the Fermi level, driving the material from semi-metallic to metallic type in electrical transport. We also present experimental results on structural, magnetic and electrical properties of Fe 2 VAl Heusler alloy. A comparison of present experimental data with calculations shows an existence of DO 3 type anti-site disorder due to the Al-deficiency in Fe 2 VAl alloy which causes deviations in theoretical results on the magnetic and transport behaviour of pure Fe 2 VAl. The temperature dependence of electrical transport and magnetic data analysed on the basis of impurity band model which provides convincing evidence for itinerant character of this alloy system with an anti-site disorder

119Sn Moessbauer spectroscopy in the magnetically diluted Heusler-type systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ruebenbauer, K.

1981-01-01

119 Sn Moessbauer investigations of the ferromagnetically diluted Nisub(2)Mnsub(x)Bsub(1-x)Sn(B=Ti, V) and Pdsub(2)Mnsub(x)Vsub(1-x)Sn Heusler-type systems have been performed and the results are reviewed and discussed. It has been found that distributions of the transferred hyperfine magnetic field as seen by a tin nucleus are very sensitive for a type of the local magnetic interaction in these simple ferromagnets, especially when studied versus the sample temperature. This sensitivity allows to reach some conclusions about the coupling mechanism between localised manganese magnetic moments. Namely, it is concluded that the interaction beyond the second neighbour shell is practically irrelevant for the magnetic ordering process. This very fact means that the free electron approach to the calculation of exchange integrals can not be applied for these particular systems. (Author)

Effect of an interface Mg insertion layer on the reliability of a magnetic tunnel junction based on a Co{sub 2}FeAl full-Heusler alloy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Jungmin; Kil, Gyuhyun; Lee, Gaehun; Choi, Chulmin; Song, Yunheub [Hanyang University, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Sukegawa, Hiroaki; Mitani, Seiji [National Institute for Materials Science, Ibaraki (Japan)

2014-04-15

The reliability of a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) based on a Co{sub 2}FeAl (CFA) full-Heusler alloy with a MgO tunnel barrier was evaluated. In particular, the effect of a Mg insertion layer under the MgO was investigated in view of resistance drift by using various voltage stress tests. We compared the resistance change during constant voltage stress (CVS) and confirmed a trap/detrap phenomenon during the interval stress test for samples with and without a Mg insertion layer. The MTJ with a Mg insertion layer showed a relatively small resistance change for the CVS test and a reduced trap/detrap phenomenon for the interval stress test compared to the sample without a Mg insertion layer. This is understood to be caused by the improved crystallinity at the bottom of the CFA/MgO interface due to the Mg insertion layer, which provides a smaller number of trap site during the stress test. As a result, the interface condition of the MgO layer is very important for the reliability of a MTJ using a full-Heusler alloy, and the the insert of a Mg layer at the MgO interface is expected to be an effective method for enhancing the reliability of a MTJ.

Thickness dependencies of structural and magnetic properties of cubic and tetragonal Heusler alloy bilayer films

Science.gov (United States)

Ranjbar, R.; Suzuki, K. Z.; Sugihara, A.; Ando, Y.; Miyazaki, T.; Mizukami, S.

2017-07-01

The thickness dependencies of the structural and magnetic properties for bilayers of cubic Co-based Heusler alloys (CCHAs: Co2FeAl (CFA), Co2FeSi (CFS), Co2MnAl (CMA), and Co2MnSi (CMS)) and D022-MnGa were investigated. Epitaxy of the B2 structure of CCHAs on a MnGa film was achieved; the smallest thickness with the B2 structure was found for 3-nm-thick CMS and CFS. The interfacial exchange coupling (Jex) was antiferromagnetic (AFM) for all of the CCHAs/MnGa bilayers except for unannealed CFA/MnGa samples. A critical thickness (tcrit) at which perpendicular magnetization appears of approximately 4-10 nm for the CMA/MnGa and CMS/MnGa bilayers was observed, whereas this thickness was 1-3 nm for the CFA/MnGa and CFS/MnGa films. The critical thickness for different CCHAs materials is discussed in terms of saturation magnetization (Ms) and the Jex .

Effect of the Heusler phase formation on the magnetic behavior of the Cu–10 wt.%Mn alloy with Al and Ag additions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carvalho, T.M., E-mail: thaisa.mary@gmail.com [Instituto de Química – UNESP, Caixa Postal 355, 14801-970 Araraquara, SP (Brazil); Adorno, A.T.; Santos, C.M.A. [Instituto de Química – UNESP, Caixa Postal 355, 14801-970 Araraquara, SP (Brazil); Silva, R.A.G. [Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra – UNIFESP, 09972-270 Diadema, SP (Brazil); Magnani, M. [Instituto de Química – UNESP, Caixa Postal 355, 14801-970 Araraquara, SP (Brazil)

2015-09-15

Highlights: • The presence of the Cu{sub 2}MnAl phase was observed in annealed alloys. • Al and Ag additions shift the equilibrium concentration to higher Al values. • There is a correlation between the Ag-rich phase and the Cu{sub 2}MnAl phase. - Abstract: In this work, the formation of the Cu{sub 2}AlMn Heusler phase and its influence on the magnetic behavior of the Cu–Mn–Al–Ag alloys in the range of 8–10 wt.% of aluminum and 2–4 wt.% of silver were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) and saturation magnetization measurements at 4 K. The results showed that there is a correlation between the presence of the Ag-rich phase and the formation of the Cu{sub 2}MnAl phase.

Optical anisotropy and domain structure of multiferroic Ni-Mn-Ga and Co-Ni-Ga Heusler-type alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ivanova, A I; Gasanov, O V; Kaplunova, E I; Grechishkin, R M; Kalimullina, E T; Zalyotov, A B

2015-01-01

A study is made of the reflectance anisotropy of martensitic and magnetic domains in ferromagnetic shape memory alloys (FSMA) Ni-Mn-Ga and Co-Ni-Ga. The reflectance of metallographic sections of these alloys was measured in the visible with the aid of standard inverted polarized light microscope with a 360° rotatable specimen stage. Calculations are presented for the estimation of image contrast values between neighboring martensite twins. Qualitative and quantitative observations and angular measurements in reflected polarized light proved to be useful for the analysis of specific features of the martensite microstructure of multiferroic materials

Low-temperature specific heat of the 'nearly ferromagnetic' amorphous alloy Ysub(0.22)Nisub(0.78)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Garoche, P.; Veyssie, J.J.; Lienard, A.; Rebouillat, J.P.

1979-01-01

Results of specific heat measurements, between 0.3K and 10 K in magnetic fields up to 75 kOe, on the 'nearly ferromagnetic' amorphous alloy Ysub(0.22)Nisub(0.78) are reported. The results, especially the magnetic field dependence, exclude any appreciable contribution from uniform paramagnons. In contrast a quantitative analysis is obtained in terms of superparamagnetic clusters, demonstrating that the onset of ferromagnetism, as a function of concentration, is inhomogeneous in this amorphous metallic system. (author)

The pressure dependence of structural, electronic, mechanical, vibrational, and thermodynamic properties of palladium-based Heusler alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Coban, Cansu [Balikesir Univ. (Turkey). Dept. of Physics

2017-07-01

The pressure dependent behaviour of the structural, electronic, mechanical, vibrational, and thermodynamic properties of Pd{sub 2}TiX (X=Ga, In) Heusler alloys was investigated by ab initio calculations. The lattice constant, the bulk modulus and its first pressure derivative, the electronic band structure and the density of states (DOS), mechanical properties such as elastic constants, anisotropy factor, Young's modulus, etc., the phonon dispersion curves and phonon DOS, entropy, heat capacity, and free energy were obtained under pressure. It was determined that the calculated lattice parameters are in good agreement with the literature, the elastic constants obey the stability criterion, and the phonon dispersion curves have no negative frequency which shows that the compounds are stable. The band structures at 0, 50, and 70 GPa showed valence instability at the L point which explains the superconductivity in Pd{sub 2}TiX (X=Ga, In).

Anomalous Hall effect in ion-beam sputtered Co2FeAl full Heusler alloy thin films

Science.gov (United States)

Husain, Sajid; Kumar, Ankit; Akansel, Serkan; Svedlindh, Peter; Chaudhary, Sujeet

2017-11-01

Investigations of temperature dependent anomalous Hall effect and longitudinal resistivity in Co2FeAl (CFA) thin films grown on Si(1 0 0) at different substrate temperature Ts are reported. The scaling of the anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) and the associated phenomenological mechanisms (intrinsic and extrinsic) are analyzed vis-à-vis influence of Ts. The intrinsic contribution to AHC is found to be dominating over the extrinsic one. The appearance of a resistivity minimum at low temperature necessitates the inclusion of quantum corrections on account of weak localization and electron-electron scattering effects whose strength reduces with increase in Ts. The study establishes that the optimization of Ts plays an important role in the improvement of atomic ordering which indicates the higher strength of spin-orbit coupling and leads to the dominant intrinsic contribution to AHC in these CFA full Heusler alloy thin films.

Magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of martensitic Ni2Mn1.4Sn0.6 Heusler alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chernenko, Volodymyr A.; Barandiarán, Jose M.; Rodriguez Fernández, Jesus; Rojas, Daniel P.; Gutiérrez, Jon; Lázpita, Patricia; Orue, Iñaki

2012-01-01

The evolutions of magnetic properties at low temperatures and the influence of magnetic field on the temperature dependence of specific heat in martensitic Ni 2 Mn 1.4 Sn 0.6 Heusler alloy are studied. The frequency-dependent blocking temperature and considerable exchange bias below it are measured in the martensitic phase. From the analysis of the specific heat curves under magnetic field, a large inverse magnetocaloric effect manifested as the magnetic field induced rise of isothermal magnetic entropy and/or magnetic field induced adiabatic temperature decrease in the vicinity of the reverse magnetostructural transformation and a significant value of the conventional magnetocaloric effect at the Curie temperature are obtained. The Debye temperature and electronic coefficient equal to Θ D =310±2 K and γ= 16.6±0.3 mJ/K 2 mol, respectively, do not depend on the magnetic field.

Scaling behavior of the spin pumping effect in conductive ferromagnet/platinum bilayers

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Czeschka, Franz D.; Althammer, Matthias; Huebl, Hans; Gross, Rudolf; Goennenwein, Sebastian T.B. [Walther-Meissner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Garching (Germany); Dreher, Lukas; Brandt, Martin S. [Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Garching (Germany); Imort, Inga-Mareen; Reiss, Guenter; Thomas, Andy [Fakultaet fuer Physik, Universitaet Bielefeld (Germany); Schoch, Wladimir; Limmer, Wolfgang [Abteilung Halbleiterphysik, Universitaet Ulm (Germany)

2011-07-01

Spin pumping experiments allow to measure spin currents or the spin Hall angle. We have systematically studied the spin pumping DC voltage occurring in conjunction with ferromagnetic resonance in a series of conductive ferromagnet/platinum bilayers, made from elemental 3d transition metals, Heusler compounds, ferrite spinel oxides, and magnetic semiconductors. In all bilayers, we invariably observe the same DC voltage polarity. Moreover, we find that the voltage magnitude scales with the magnetization precession cone angle with a universal prefactor, irrespective of the magnetic properties, the charge carrier transport mechanism, and the charge carrier type in a given ferromagnet. These findings quantitatively corroborate the present theoretical understanding of spin pumping in combination with the inverse spin Hall effect, and establish spin pumping as a generic phenomenon.

Two-fold origin of the deformation-induced ferromagnetism in bulk Fe60Al40 (at.%) alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Menendez, E; Surinach, S; Baro, M D; Sort, J; Liedke, M O; Fassbender, J; Nogues, J

2008-01-01

The transition from the atomically ordered B2-phase to the chemically disordered A2-phase and the concomitant deformation-induced ferromagnetism have been investigated in bulk polycrystalline Fe 60 Al 40 (at.%) alloys subjected to compression processes. A detailed correlation between structural, magnetic and mechanical properties reveals that the generated ferromagnetism depends on the stress level but is virtually independent of the loading rate. The mechanisms governing the induced ferromagnetism also vary as the stress level is increased. Namely, in the low-stress regime both lattice cell expansion and atomic intermixing play a role in the induced ferromagnetic behavior. Conversely, lattice expansion seems to become the main mechanism contributing to the generated ferromagnetism in the high-stress regime. Furthermore, a correlation is also observed between the order-disorder transition and the mechanical hardness. Hence, a combination of magnetic and mechanical measurements can be used, in synergetic manner, to investigate this deformation-induced phase transition.

Design of Fatigue Resistant Heusler-strengthened PdTi-based Shape Memory Alloys for Biomedical Applications

Science.gov (United States)

Frankel, Dana J.

The development of non-surgical transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) techniques, which utilize collapsible artificial heart valves with shape memory alloy (SMA)-based frames, pushes performance requirements for biomedical SMAs beyond those for well-established vascular stent applications. Fatigue life for these devices must extend into the ultra-high cycle fatigue (UHCF) regime (>600M cycles) with zero probability of failure predicted at applied strain levels. High rates of Ni-hypersensitivity raise biocompatibility concerns, driving the development of low-Ni and Ni-free SMAs. This work focuses on the development of biocompatible, precipitation-strengthened, fatigue-resistant PdTi-based SMAs for biomedical applications. Functional and structural fatigue are both manifestations of cyclic instability resulting in accumulation of slip and eventual structural damage. While functional fatigue is easily experimentally evaluated, structural fatigue is more difficult to measure without the proper equipment. Therefore, in this work a theoretical approach using a model well validated in steels is utilized to investigate structural fatigue behavior in NiTi in the UHCF regime, while low cycle functional fatigue is evaluated in order to monitor the core phenomena of the cyclic instability. Results from fatigue simulations modeling crack nucleation at non-metallic inclusions in commercial NiTi underscore the importance of increasing yield strength for UHCF performance. Controlled precipitation of nanoscale, low-misfit, L21 Heusler aluminides can provide effective strengthening. Phase relations, precipitation kinetics, transformation temperature, transformation strain, cyclic stability, and mechanical properties are characterized in both Ni-free (Pd,Fe)(Ti,Al) and low-Ni high-strength "hybrid" (Pd,Ni)(Ti,Zr,Al) systems. Atom probe tomography is employed to measure phase compositions and particle sizes used to calibrate LSW models for coarsening kinetics and Gibbs

Tuning the magnetocaloric response in half-Heusler/Heusler MnNi1 +xSb solid solutions

Science.gov (United States)

Levin, Emily E.; Bocarsly, Joshua D.; Wyckoff, Kira E.; Pollock, Tresa M.; Seshadri, Ram

2017-12-01

Materials with a large magnetocaloric response are associated with a temperature change upon the application of a magnetic field and are of interest for applications in magnetic refrigeration and thermomagnetic power generation. The usual metric of this response is the gravimetric isothermal entropy change Δ SM . The use of a simple proxy for the Δ SM that is based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the magnetic electronic structure suggests that half-Heusler MnNiSb should be a better magnetocaloric than the corresponding Heusler compound MnNi2Sb . Guided by this observation, we present a study of MnNi1 +xSb (x =0 , 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0) to evaluate relevant structural and magnetic properties. DFT stability calculations suggest that the addition of Ni takes place at a symmetrically distinct Ni site in the half-Heusler structure and support the observation using synchrotron x-ray diffraction of a homogeneous solid solution between the half-Heusler and Heusler end members. There is a maximum in the saturation magnetization at x =0.5 and the Curie temperature systematically decreases with increasing x . Δ SM for a maximum magnetic field change of Δ H =5 T monotonically decreases in magnitude from -2.93 J kg-1K-1 in the half-Heusler to -1.35 J kg-1K-1 in the Heusler compound. The concurrent broadening of the magnetic transition results in a maximum in the refrigerant capacity at x =0.75 . The Curie temperature of this system is highly tunable between 350 K and 750 K, making it ideal for low grade waste heat recovery via thermomagnetic power generation. The increase in Δ SM with decreasing x may be extendable to other MnNi2Z Heusler systems that are currently under investigation for use in magnetocaloric refrigeration applications.

The effect of pressure on the structural, electronic, magnetic, and thermodynamic properties of the Mn{sub 2}RuGe inverse Heusler alloy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Song, Ting, E-mail: songting_lzjtu@163.com [State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050 (China); College of Material Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050 (China); School of Mathematics and Physics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070 (China); Sun, Xiao-Wei [School of Mathematics and Physics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070 (China); Tian, Jun-Hong [School of Mathematics and Physics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070 (China); Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065 (China); Wei, Xiao-Ping; Wan, Gui-Xin [School of Mathematics and Physics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070 (China); Ma, Qin, E-mail: maqin_lut@yeah.net [State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050 (China); College of Material Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050 (China)

2017-04-15

In the frame of density functional theory, first-principles calculations based on generalized gradient approximation and quasi-harmonic Debye approximation model in which the phononic effects are taken into account have been carried out to investigate the structural, electronic, magnetic, and thermodynamic properties of full-Heusler alloy Mn{sub 2}RuGe in CuHg{sub 2}Ti-type structure in the pressure range of 0–50 GPa. Present calculations predict that Mn{sub 2}RuGe is a ferrimagnet with an optimized lattice parameter of 5.854 Å. The calculated total magnetic moment of 2.01 μ{sub B} per formula unit is very close to integer value and agree well with the Slater-Pauling rule, where the partial spin moments of Mn (A) and Mn (B) which mainly contribute to the total magnetic moment are 2.66 μ{sub B} and −0.90 μ{sub B}, respectively. In the study of the energy band structures and density of states, Mn{sub 2}RuGe exhibits half-metallicity with an indirect gap of 0.235 eV in the spin-down channels, and the shifting of bands towards higher energies in spin-down channel under high pressure. Meanwhile, the high-pressure thermodynamic properties of Mn{sub 2}RuGe, such as the pressure-volume-temperature relationship, bulk modulus, thermal expansivity, heat capacity, Debye temperature, and Grüneisen parameter are evaluated systematically in the temperature range of 0–900 K. This set of data is considered as the useful information to understand the high-pressure and high-temperature properties for the Mn{sub 2}RuZ-type Heusler alloy family.

Characteristics of a granular electronic system in Heusler-type Fe2+xV1−xAl

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Naka, T; Sato, K; Taguchi, M; Nakane, T; Matsushita, A; Shirakawa, N; Ishikawa, F; Yamada, Yuh; Takaesu, Y; Nakama, T

2013-01-01

We report comprehensive measurements of the magnetic, transport, and thermal properties of the Heusler-type compound Fe 2+x V 1−x Al, with x values near the ferromagnetic quantum critical point, x c ∼ 0.05. At T ∼ 60 K, a prominent Schottky-like anomaly appeared in the specific heat; this anomaly was correlated with a smaller pseudo-gap formation in magnetic susceptibility, magnetoresistance, and thermoelectric power. Furthermore, a magnetic anomaly observed in the magnetic susceptibility and resistivity at T ∼ 4 K was suppressed significantly by applying a magnetic field. A magnetically inhomogeneous phase arose below T ∼ 60 K, which appeared to consist of ferromagnetic and paramagnetic clusters. (paper)

Hall effect and the magnetotransport properties of Co2MnSi1-xAlx Heusler alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Prestigiacomo, Joseph C.; Young, David P.; Adams, Philip W.; Stadler, Shane

2014-01-01

We have investigated the transport properties of the quaternary Heusler alloys Co2MnSi1-xAlx (0≤x≤1), which have been theoretically predicted to develop a half-metallic band structure as x →0. Resistivity versus temperature measurements as a function of Al concentration (x) revealed a systematic reduction in the residual resistivity ratio as well as a transition from weakly localized to half-metallic conduction as x →0. From measurements of the ordinary and anomalous Hall effects, the charge carrier concentration was found to increase, while the anomalous Hall coefficient decreased by nearly an order of magnitude with each sample as x →0 (Δx=0.25.). Scaling of the anomalous Hall effect with longitudinal resistivity reveals that both the skew-scattering and intrinsic contributions grow quickly as x →1, indicating that disorder and band-structure effects cause the large anomalous Hall effect magnitudes observed for Co2MnAl.

Thermal and electronic charge transport in bulk nanostructured Zr0.25Hf0.75NiSn composites with full-Heusler inclusions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Makongo, Julien P.A.; Misra, Dinesh K.; Salvador, James R.; Takas, Nathan J.; Wang, Guoyu; Shabetai, Michael R.; Pant, Aditya; Paudel, Pravin; Uher, Ctirad; Stokes, Kevin L.; Poudeu, Pierre F.P.

2011-01-01

Bulk Zr 0.25 Hf 075 NiSn half-Heusler (HH) nanocomposites containing various mole fractions of full-Heusler (FH) inclusions were prepared by solid state reaction of pre-synthesized HH alloy with elemental Ni at 1073 K. The microstructures of spark plasma sintered specimens of the HH/FH nanocomposites were investigated using transmission electron microscopy and their thermoelectric properties were measured from 300 K to 775 K. The formation of coherent FH inclusions into the HH matrix arises from solid-state Ni diffusion into vacant sites of the HH structure. HH(1-y)/FH(y) composites with mole fraction of FH inclusions below the percolation threshold, y∼0.2, show increased electrical conductivity, reduced Seebeck coefficient and increased total thermal conductivity arising from gradual increase in the carrier concentration for composites. A drastic reduction (∼55%) in κ l was observed for the composite with y=0.6 and is attributed to enhanced phonon scattering due to mass fluctuations between FH and HH, and high density of HH/FH interfaces. - Graphical abstract: Large reduction in the lattice thermal conductivity of bulk nanostructured half-Heusler/full-Heusler (Zr 0.25 Hf 075 NiSn/ Zr 0.25 Hf 075 Ni 2 Sn) composites, obtained by solid-state diffusion at 1073 K of elemental Ni into vacant sites of the half-Heusler structure, arising from the formation of regions of spinodally decomposed HH and FH phases with a spatial composition modulation of ∼2 nm. Highlights: → Bulk composites from solid state transformation of half-Heusler matrix through Ni diffusion. → Formation of coherent phase boundaries between half-Heusler matrix and full-Heusler inclusion. → Alteration of thermal and electronic transports with increasing full-Heusler inclusion. → Enhanced phonon scattering at half-Heusler/ full-Heusler phase boundaries.

Comparing magnetostructural transitions in Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 18.75}Cu{sub 6.25}Ga{sub 25} and Ni{sub 49.80}Mn{sub 34.66}In{sub 15.54} Heusler alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dubenko, Igor [Department of Physics, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901 (United States); Granovsky, Alexander [Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991 (Russian Federation); Lahderanta, Erkki [Lappeenranta University of Technology, 53851 (Finland); Kashirin, Maxim; Makagonov, Vladimir [Voronezh State Technical University, Voronezh 394026 (Russian Federation); Aryal, Anil; Quetz, Abdiel; Pandey, Sudip [Department of Physics, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901 (United States); Rodionov, Igor [Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991 (Russian Federation); Samanta, Tapas; Stadler, Shane [Department of Physics & Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 (United States); Mazumdar, Dipanjan, E-mail: dmazumdar@siu.edu [Department of Physics, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901 (United States); Ali, Naushad [Department of Physics, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901 (United States)

2016-03-01

The crystal structure, magnetic and transport properties, including resistivity and thermopower, of Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 18.75}Cu{sub 6.25}Ga{sub 25} and Ni{sub 49.80}Mn{sub 34.66}In{sub 15.54} Heusler alloys were studied in the (10–400) K temperature interval. We show that their physical properties are remarkably different, thereby pointing to different origin of their magnetostructural transition (MST). A Seebeck coefficient (S) was found to pass minimum of about −20 µV/K in respect of temperature for both compounds. It was shown that MST observed for both compounds results in jump-like changes in S for Ga-based compound and jump in resistivity of about 20 and 200 µΩ cm for Ga and In –based compounds, respectively. The combined analyzes of the present results with that from literature show that the density of states at the Fermi level does not change strongly at the MST in the case of Ni–Mn–In alloys as compared to that of Ni–Mn–Ga. - Graphical abstract: Temperature dependencies of resistivity for Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 18.75}Cu{sub 6.25}Ga{sub 25} and Ni{sub 49.80}Mn{sub 34.66}In{sub 15.54} obtained on heating (open symbols) and cooling (closed symbols). Arrows indicate the temperature of direct (T{sub M}) and inverse (T{sub A}) martensitic transitions and ferromagnetic ordering of the austenitic (T{sub C}) and martensitic (T{sub CM}) phases. The T{sub CM}=T{sub A}/T{sub M} in the case of Ga-based alloy. - Highlights: • Magnetostructural transitions (MST) in two compounds with same parent material. • The figure exemplifies how sensitive MST properties are to the density of states. • Proper understanding is required for utilizing these multifunctional materials.

Magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of Ni-Mn-Cr-Sn Heusler alloys under the effects of hydrostatic pressure

Science.gov (United States)

Pandey, Sudip; Us Saleheen, Ahmad; Quetz, Abdiel; Chen, Jing-Han; Aryal, Anil; Dubenko, Igor; Stadler, Shane; Ali, Naushad

2018-05-01

The magnetic, thermal, and magnetocaloric properties of Ni45Mn43CrSn11 Heusler alloy have been investigated using differential scanning calorimetry and magnetization with hydrostatic pressure measurements. A shift in the martensitic transition temperature (TM) to higher temperatures was observed with the application of pressure. The application of pressure stabilizes the martensitic state and demonstrated that pressure can be a parameter used to control and tune the martensitic transition temperature (the temperature where the largest magnetocaloric effect is observed). The magnetic entropy change significantly decreases from 33 J/kg K to 16 J/kg K under the application of a hydrostatic pressure of 0.95 GPa. The critical field of the direct metamagnetic transition increases, whereas the initial susceptibility (dM/dH) in the low magnetic field region drastically decreases with increasing pressure. The relevant parameters that affect the magnetocaloric properties are discussed.

Effect of Coulomb interactions and Hartree-Fock exchange on structural, elastic, optoelectronic and magnetic properties of Co{sub 2}MnSi Heusler: A comparative study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lantri, T. [Laboratory of Technology and Solid’s Properties, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University, BP 227, Mostaganem 27000 (Algeria); Bentata, S., E-mail: sam_bentata@yahoo.com [Laboratory of Technology and Solid’s Properties, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University, BP 227, Mostaganem 27000 (Algeria); Bouadjemi, B.; Benstaali, W. [Laboratory of Technology and Solid’s Properties, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University, BP 227, Mostaganem 27000 (Algeria); Bouhafs, B. [Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science Laboratory, Djillali Liabès University of Sidi Bel-Abbès, 22000 Sidi Bel-Abbes (Algeria); Abbad, A. [Laboratory of Technology and Solid’s Properties, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University, BP 227, Mostaganem 27000 (Algeria); Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science Laboratory, Djillali Liabès University of Sidi Bel-Abbès, 22000 Sidi Bel-Abbes (Algeria); Zitouni, A. [Laboratory of Technology and Solid’s Properties, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University, BP 227, Mostaganem 27000 (Algeria)

2016-12-01

Using the first-principle calculations, we have investigated the structural, elastic, optoelectronic and magnetic properties of Co{sub 2}MnSi Heusler alloy. Based on the density functional theory (DFT) and hiring the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method, we have used five approaches: the Hybrid on-site exact exchange, the Local Spin Density Approximation (LSDA), the LSDA+U, the Generalized Gradient Approximation GGA and GGA+U; where the Hubbard on-site Coulomb interaction correction U is calculated by constraint local density approximation for Co and Mn atoms. Our results show that the highly-ordered Co{sub 2}MnSi alloy is a ductile, stiff and anisotropic material. It has a half-metallic ferromagnetic character with an integer magnetic moment of 5 µB which is in good agreement with the Slater-Pauling rule. - Highlights: • Each approach gives a half magnetic compound. • EECE gives the largest gap. • Elastic properties show a stiff, ductile and anisotropic material. • Electronic properties are similar for the five approaches. • Total magnetic moment is the same for the five approaches (5 µB).

Electronic Structure Properties and a Bonding Model of Thermoelectric Half-Heusler and Boride Phases

Science.gov (United States)

Simonson, Jack William

Half-Heusler alloys MNiSn and MCoSb (M = Ti, Zr, Hf) and layered boride intermetallics with structure types YCrB4 and Er 3CrB7 were designed, synthesized, and characterized. The thermoelectric properties of these two classes of alloys were measured from room temperature to 1100 K with the intent of indirectly studying their electronic structure properties and gauging not only their suitability but that of related alloys for high temperature thermoelectric power generation. In the case of the half-Heusler alloys, transition metals were substituted to both the M and Ni/Co sites to study the resultant modifications of the d-orbital-rich portion of the electronic structure near the Fermi energy. This modification and subsequent pinning of the Fermi energy within the gap is discussed herein in terms of first principles electronic structure calculations from the literature. In the half-Heusler alloys, it was found that substitution of transition metals invariably led to a decrease in the thermopower, while the resistivity typically maintained its semiconducting trend. On the other hand, Sn doping in MCoSb type alloys -- a dopant that has been known for some time to be efficient -- was shown to result in high ZT at temperatures in excess of 1000 K. Moreover, the band gaps of the transition metal-doped alloys measured in this work offer insight into the discrepancy between the predicted and measured band gaps in the undoped parent compositions. In the case of the layered boride alloys, on the other hand, few electronic calculations have been published, thus prompting the generalization of a well-known electron counting rule -- which is typically used to study molecular organometallics, boranes, and metallocenes -- to predict the trends in the densities of states of crystalline solids that possess the requisite deltahedral bonding geometry. In accordance with these generalized electronic counting rules, alloys of the form RMB4 (R = Y, Gd, Ho; M = Cr, Mo, W) were measured to

Absence of intrinsic ferromagnetism in Zn1-xMnxO alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Huawei; Shi Erwei; Chen Zhizhan; Liu Xuechao; Xiao Bing

2006-01-01

Zn 1-x Mn x O alloys, with different Mn concentrations, were prepared by the hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction and electron paramagnetic resonance spectra demonstrate that Zn 2+ ions are homogeneously substituted by Mn 2+ ions without changing the ZnO wurtzite structure. The x = 0.02 and 0.04 samples are paramagnetic. When the Mn concentrations are increased to x = 0.08 and 0.10, the samples exhibit some ferromagnetism due to a secondary phase (Zn,Mn)Mn 2 O 4 . (letter to the editor)

Self-learning kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of diffusion in ferromagnetic α -Fe–Si alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nandipati, Giridhar; Jiang, Xiujuan; Vemuri, Rama S.; Mathaudhu, Suveen; Rohatgi, Aashish

2017-12-19

Diffusion in α-Fe-Si alloys is studied using AKSOME, an on-lattice self-learning KMC code, in the ferromagnetic state. Si diffusivity in the α-Fe matrix were obtained with and without the magnetic disorder in various temperature ranges. In addition we studied vacancy diffusivity in ferromagnetic α-Fe at various Si concentrations up to 12.5at.% in the temperature range of 350–550 K. The results were compared with available experimental and theoretical values in the literature. Local Si-atom dependent activation energies for vacancy hops were calculated using a broken-model and were stored in a database. The migration barrier and prefactors for Si-diffusivity were found to be in reasonable agreement with available modeling results in the literature. Magnetic disorder has a larger effect on the prefactor than on the migration barrier. Prefactor was approximately an order of magnitude and the migration barrier a tenth of an electron-volt higher with magnetic disorder when compared to a fully ferromagnetic ordered state. In addition, the correlation between various have a larger effect on the Si-diffusivity extracted in various temperature range than the magnetic disorder. In the case of vacancy diffusivity, the migration barrier more or less remained constant while the prefactor decreased with increasing Si concentration in the disordered or A2-phase of Fe-Si alloy. Important vacancy-Si/Fe atom exchange processes and their activation barriers were also identified and discuss the effect of energetics on the formation of ordered phases in Fe-Si alloys.

Magnetic properties near the ferromagnetic-paramagnetic transformation in the austenite phase of Ni43Mn44X2Sn11 (X = Fe and Co) Heusler alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Nan, W. Z.; Thanh, T. D.; You, T. S.; Piao, H. G.; Yu, S. C.

2018-03-01

In this work, we present a detail study on the magnetic properties in the austenitic phase (A phase) Ni43Mn44X2Sn11 alloy with X = Fe and Co, which were prepared by an arc-melting method in an argon atmosphere. The M(T) curves of two samples exhibits a single magnetic phase transition at the Curie temperature of the ferromagnetic (FM) austenitic phase with TCA = 298 K and 334k for (X = Fe and Co) respectively. Based on the Landau theory and M(H) data measured at different temperatures, we found that the FM-PM phase transitions around TCA in both samples were the second-order phase transition. Under an applied field change of 30 kOe, around TCA , the magnetic entropy changes were found to be 0.66 J Kg-1 K-1 and 1.62 J Kg-1 K-1 for (X = Fe and Co) respectively.

Growth dependent magnetization reversal in Co2MnAl full Heusler alloy thin films

Science.gov (United States)

Barwal, Vineet; Husain, Sajid; Behera, Nilamani; Goyat, Ekta; Chaudhary, Sujeet

2018-02-01

Angular dependent magnetization reversal has been investigated in Co2MnAl (CMA) full Heusler alloy thin films grown on Si(100) at different growth temperatures (Ts) by DC-magnetron sputtering. An M -shaped curve is observed in the in-plane angular (0°-360°) dependent coercivity (ADC) by magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements. The dependence of the magnetization reversal on Ts is investigated in detail to bring out the structure-property correlation with regards to ADC in these polycrystalline CMA thin films. This magnetization reversal ( M -shaped ADC behavior) is well described by the two-phase model, which is a combination of Kondorsky (domain wall motion) and Stoner Wohlfarth (coherent rotation) models. In this model, magnetization reversal starts with depinning of domain walls, with their gradual displacement explained by the Kondorsky model, and at a higher field (when the domain walls merge), the system follows coherent rotation before reaching its saturation following the Stoner Wohlfarth model. Further, the analysis of angular dependent squareness ratio (Mr/Ms) indicates that our films clearly exhibited twofold uniaxial anisotropy, which is related to self-steering effect arising due to the obliquely incident flux during the film-growth.

Investigation of electronic, magnetic and thermoelectric properties of Zr{sub 2}NiZ (Z = Al,Ga) ferromagnets

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yousuf, Saleem, E-mail: nengroosaleem17@gmail.com; Gupta, Dinesh C., E-mail: sosfizix@gmail.com

2017-05-01

Systematic investigation of impact of electronic structure and magnetism, on the thermoelectric properties of new Zr{sub 2}NiZ (Z = Al, Ga) Heusler alloys are determined using density functional theory calculations. Half-metallicity with ferromagnetic character is supported by their 100% spin polarizations at the Fermi level. Magnetic moment of ∼3 μ{sub B} is according to the Slater-Puling rule, enables their practical applications. Electron density plots are used to analyse the nature of bonding and chemical composition. Boltzmann's theory is conveniently employed to investigate the thermoelectric properties of these compounds. The analysis of the thermal transport properties specifies the Seebeck coefficient as 25.6 μV/K and 18.6 μV/K at room temperature for Zr{sub 2}NiAl and Zr{sub 2}NiGa, respectively. The half-metallic nature with efficient thermoelectric coefficients suggests the likelihood of these materials to have application in designing spintronic devices and imminent thermoelectric materials. - Highlights: • The compounds are half-metallic ferromagnets. • 100% spin-polarized compounds for spintronics. • Increasing Seebeck coefficient over a wide temperature range. • Zr{sub 2}NiAl is efficient thermoelectric material than Zr{sub 2}NiGa.

The defect-induced changes of the electronic and magnetic properties in the inverse Heusler alloy Ti{sub 2}CoAl

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chen, Ying, E-mail: ychenjz@163.com [School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715 (China); Wu, Bo [Department of Physics, Zunyi Normal College, Zunyi 563002 (China); Yuan, Hongkuan; Feng, Yu [School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715 (China); Chen, Hong, E-mail: chenh@swu.edu.cn [School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715 (China)

2015-01-15

The first-principles calculations are performed to investigate the effect of swap, antisite and vacancy defects of three classes on the electronic and magnetic properties in the inverse Heusler alloy Ti{sub 2}CoAl of half-metallicity. Our calculations reveal that Ti(A/B)–Co and Co–Al swaps, Ti(A/B) and Al vacancy defects as well as Co{sub Ti(A)/Al} and Al{sub Ti(A)/Ti(B)} antisite defects are likely to form in a concentration as high as 12.5%. Among them, Co{sub Ti(A)} antisite is detected to be the most probable defect. It is shown that the spin polarizations of Ti{sub 2}CoAl are considerably reduced by the Ti(A/B)–Co swap and Ti(B)/Al vacancy defects, while a quite high spin polarization around 95% is observed in Co–Al swap as well as Ti(A) vacancy. Remarkably, all the likely antisite defects almost retain the half-metallic character in a concentration of 12.5% even if they have the possibility to form. However, induced by antisites, the Fermi levels shift to the edge of band gap with small peaks arising just above the Fermi level, which may destroy the half-metallicity by spin-flip excitation. - Graphical abstract: The spin polarization and formation energy of various possible defects in inverse Heusler alloy Ti{sub 2}CoAl. The triangle, star and square represent the swap, antisite and vacancy defects, respectively. - Highlights: • The swap, antisite, and vacancy defects are studied in half-metallic Ti{sub 2}CoAl. • The Co{sub Ti(A)} antisite is the most probable among the studied defects. • The antisite defects almost retain the half-metallicity. • Most of swap and vacancy defects have degraded the half-metallicity. • High spin polarizations are detected in Co–Al swap and Ti(A) vacancy defects.

Room-temperature ferromagnetic transitions and the temperature dependence of magnetic behaviors in FeCoNiCr-based high-entropy alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Na, Suok-Min; Yoo, Jin-Hyeong; Lambert, Paul K.; Jones, Nicholas J.

2018-05-01

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) containing multiple principle alloying elements exhibit unique properties so they are currently receiving great attention for developing innovative alloy designs. In FeCoNi-based HEAs, magnetic behaviors strongly depend on the addition of alloying elements, usually accompanied by structural changes. In this work, the effect of non-magnetic components on the ferromagnetic transition and magnetic behaviors in equiatomic FeCoNiCrX (X=Al, Ga, Mn and Sn) HEAs was investigated. Alloy ingots of nominal compositions of HEAs were prepared by arc melting and the button ingots were cut into discs for magnetic measurements as functions of magnetic field and temperature. The HEAs of FeCoNiCrMn and FeCoNiCrSn show typical paramagnetic behaviors, composed of solid solution FCC matrix, while the additions of Ga and Al in FeCoNiCr exhibit ferromagnetic behaviors, along with the coexistence of FCC and BCC phases due to spinodal decomposition. The partial phase transition in both HEAs with the additions of Ga and Al would enhance ferromagnetic properties due to the addition of the BCC phase. The saturation magnetization for the base alloy FeCoNiCr is 0.5 emu/g at the applied field of 20 kOe (TC = 104 K). For the HEAs of FeCoNiCrGa and FeCoNiCrAl, the saturation magnetization significantly increased to 38 emu/g (TC = 703 K) and 25 emu/g (TC = 277 K), respectively. To evaluate the possibility of solid solution FCC and BCC phases in FeCoNiCr-type HEAs, we introduced a parameter of valence electron concentration (VEC). The proposed rule for solid solution formation by the VEC was matched with FeCoNiCr-type HEAs.

Magnetism and electronic structure of CoFeCrX (X = Si, Ge) Heusler alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jin, Y.; O'Connell, A.; Kharel, P.; Lukashev, P.; Staten, B.; Tutic, I.; Valloppilly, S.; Herran, J.; Mitrakumar, M.; Bhusal, B.; Huh, Y.; Yang, K.; Skomski, R.; Sellmyer, D. J.

2016-01-01

The structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of CoFeCrX (X = Si, Ge) Heusler alloys have been investigated. Experimentally, the alloys were synthesized in the cubic L2 1 structure with small disorder. The cubic phase of CoFeCrSi was found to be highly stable against heat treatment, but CoFeCrGe disintegrated into other new compounds when the temperature reached 402 °C (675 K). Although the first-principle calculation predicted the possibility of tetragonal phase in CoFeCrGe, the tetragonal phase could not be stabilized experimentally. Both CoFeCrSi and CoFeCrGe compounds showed ferrimagnetic spin order at room temperature and have Curie temperatures (T C ) significantly above room temperature. The measured T C for CoFeCrSi is 790 K but that of CoFeCrGe could not be measured due to its dissociation into new compounds at 675 K. The saturation magnetizations of CoFeCrSi and CoFeCrGe are 2.82 μ B /f.u. and 2.78 μ B /f.u., respectively, which are close to the theoretically predicted value of 3 μ B /f.u. for their half-metallic phases. The calculated band gaps for CoFeCrSi and CoFeCrGe are, respectively, 1 eV and 0.5 eV. These materials have potential for spintronic device applications, as they exhibit half-metallic electronic structures with large band gaps, and Curie temperatures significantly above room temperature.

Magnetocaloric effect and multifunctional properties of Ni-Mn-based Heusler alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dubenko, Igor, E-mail: igor_doubenko@yahoo.com [Department of Physics, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901 (United States); Samanta, Tapas; Kumar Pathak, Arjun [Department of Physics, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901 (United States); Kazakov, Alexandr; Prudnikov, Valerii [Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Vorob' evy Gory, 11999I Moscow (Russian Federation); Stadler, Shane [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 (United States); Granovsky, Alexander [Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Vorob' evy Gory, 11999I Moscow (Russian Federation); IKERBASQUE, The Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao (Spain); Departamento de Fisica de Materiales, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad del Pais Vasco, Paseo M. de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia - San Sebastian (Spain); Zhukov, Arcady [IKERBASQUE, The Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao (Spain); Departamento de Fisica de Materiales, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad del Pais Vasco, Paseo M. de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia - San Sebastian (Spain); Ali, Naushad [Department of Physics, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901 (United States)

2012-10-15

The studies of magnetocaloric properties, phase transitions, and phenomena related to magnetic heterogeneity in the vicinity of the martensitic transition (MT) in Ni-Mn-In and Ni-Mn-Ga off-stoichiometric Heusler alloys are summarized. The crystal structure, magnetocaloric effect (MCE), and magnetotransport properties were studied for the following alloys: Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 50-x}In{sub x}, Ni{sub 50-x}Co{sub x}Mn{sub 35}In{sub 15}, Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 35-x}Co{sub x}In{sub 15}, Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 35}In{sub 14}Z (Z=Al, Ge), Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 35}In{sub 15-x}Si{sub x}, Ni{sub 50-x}Co{sub x}Mn{sub 25+y}Ga{sub 25-y}, and Ni{sub 50-x}Co{sub x}Mn{sub 32-y}FeyGa{sub 18}. It was found that the magnetic entropy change, {Delta}S, associated with the inverse MCE in the vicinity of the temperature of the magneto-structural transition, TM, persists in a range of (125-5) J/(kg K) for a magnetic field change {Delta}H=5 T. The corresponding temperature varies with composition from 143 to 400 K. The MT in Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 50-x}In{sub x} (x=13.5) results in a transition between two paramagnetic states. Associated with the paramagnetic austenite-paramagnetic martensite transition {Delta}S=24 J/(kg K) was detected for {Delta}H=5 T at T=350 K. The variation in composition of Ni{sub 2}MnGa can drastically change the magnetic state of the martensitic phase below and in the vicinity of TM. The presence of the martensitic phase with magnetic moment much smaller than that in the austenitic phase above TM leads to the large inverse MCE in the Ni{sub 42}Co{sub 8}Mn{sub 32-y}FeyGa{sub 18} system. The adiabatic change of temperature ({Delta}T{sub ad}) in the vicinity of TC and TM of Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 35}In{sub 15} and Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 35}In{sub 14}Z (Z=Al, Ge) was found to be {Delta}T{sub ad}=-2 K and 2 K for {Delta}H=1.8 T, respectively. It was observed that |{Delta}T{sub ad}| Almost-Equal-To 1 K for {Delta}H=1 T for both types of transitions. The results on resistivity, magnetoresistance, Hall

Production of polarizing Heusler crystals

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Courtois, P. [Institut Max von Laue - Paul Langevin (ILL), 38 - Grenoble (France)

1999-11-01

Heusler crystals simultaneously produce monochromatized and polarized neutrons. However, in the past, it was difficult to produce these crystals. In collaboration with the neutron scattering group of CEA Grenoble and LLB Saclay, the production of high quality Heusler crystals has been established at ILL. (author) 3 refs., 2 figs., 1 tab.

The structure, magnetism, and electrical-transport properties of the Heusler alloys Co2Cr1-xFexAl (x=0.2-0.6)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Ming; Wolf, Anne L.; Zhang, L.; Tegus, O.; Brueck, Ekkes; Wu Guangheng; Boer, Frank R. de

2005-01-01

We synthesize the polycrystalline Heusler compounds Co 2 Cr 1-x Fe x Al (x=0.2-0.6). The x-ray diffraction patterns show A2 structure rather than L2 1 structure. The magnetic moment and the Curie temperature increase with increasing x. The electrical resistivity characterizes the Co 2 Cr 1-x Fe x Al compounds to be not typical metals and the temperature dependence of the resistivity changes from metallic to semiconductinglike behavior with increasing Cr concentrations. We attribute the fact, which we observe for most of the compounds smaller magnetic moments than the theoretical values and the low magnetoresistance in these alloys, to the considerably high level of Co-(Cr, Fe)-type disorder

Neutron irradiation effects on magnetic properties of some Heusler alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Onodera, Hideya; Shinohara, Takeshi; Yamamoto, Hisao; Watanabe, Hiroshi

1975-01-01

The neutron irradiation effects were studied with measurements of temperature dependence of magnetization in ordered and disordered Heusler alloys. The irradiation was carried out in JMTR with a total flux of fast neutrons of 10 20 nvt. Fully ordered Cu 2 MnIn, partially ordered Cu 2 MnAl and completely disordered Cu 2 MnSn were prepared with various temperature treatments. The magnetization-temperature curves of each specimen were measured before and after irradiation. In the irradiated Cu 2 MnIn, the disordering by the irradiation gave rise to a decrease of magnetization, and the temperature dependence of magnetization showed that the disordered region contained various regions with different degrees of disorder. For the distribution of the disordered region, the calculation based on the theory of temperature spike by Seitz and Koekler gave a feasible result that a disordered region comprised a central core with a radius of 5.4 A which was completely disordered and a periphery of 3.3 A thickness which was partially disordered. From the magnetization-temperature curves of Cu 2 MnAl, it was considered that the disordered regions induced by the irradiation had different properties from those induced by the heat treatment. The former were the localized and comprised regions corresponding to various degrees of disorder, while the latter spread spatially in a wide range with a certain degree of disorder. The ordering by enhanced diffusion occurred simultaneously to an extent comparable to the disordering, and so it played an important role in the magnetization in the partially disordered Cu 2 MnAl. In the disordered Cu 2 MnSn, however, the ordering effect was very small. It is supposed to be difficult for the A2 structure to transform into the L2 1 structure by the enhanced diffusion. (auth.)

Growth, electrical, structural, and magnetic properties of half-Heusler CoT i1 -xF exSb

Science.gov (United States)

Harrington, S. D.; Rice, A. D.; Brown-Heft, T. L.; Bonef, B.; Sharan, A.; McFadden, A. P.; Logan, J. A.; Pendharkar, M.; Feldman, M. M.; Mercan, O.; Petukhov, A. G.; Janotti, A.; Colakerol Arslan, L.; Palmstrøm, C. J.

2018-01-01

Epitaxial thin films of the substitutionally alloyed half-Heusler series CoT i1 -xF exSb were grown by molecular beam epitaxy on InAlAs/InP(001) substrates for concentrations 0.0 ≤x ≤1.0 . The influence of Fe on the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties was studied and compared to that expected from density functional theory. The films are epitaxial and single crystalline, as measured by reflection high-energy electron diffraction and x-ray diffraction. Using in situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, only small changes in the valence band are detected for x ≤0.5 . For films with x ≥0.05 , ferromagnetism is observed in SQUID magnetometry with a saturation magnetization that scales linearly with Fe content. A dramatic decrease in the magnetic moment per formula unit occurs when the Fe is substitutionally alloyed on the Co site indicating a strong dependence on the magnetic moment with site occupancy. A crossover from both in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic moments to only in-plane moment occurs for higher concentrations of Fe. Ferromagnetic resonance indicates a transition from weak to strong interaction with a reduction in inhomogeneous broadening as Fe content is increased. Temperature-dependent transport reveals a semiconductor to metal transition with thermally activated behavior for x ≤0.5 . Anomalous Hall effect and large negative magnetoresistance (up to -18.5% at 100 kOe for x =0.3 ) are observed for higher Fe content films. Evidence of superparamagnetism for x =0.3 and 0.2 suggests, for moderate levels of Fe, that demixing of the CoT i1 -xF exSb films into Fe-rich and Fe-deficient regions may be present. Atom probe tomography is used to examine the Fe distribution in an x =0.3 film. Statistical analysis reveals a nonhomogeneous distribution of Fe atoms throughout the film, which is used to explain the observed magnetic and electrical behavior.

The effect of Pd on martensitic transformation and magnetic properties for Ni50Mn38−xPdxSn12Heusler alloys

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C. Jing

2016-05-01

Full Text Available In the past decade, Mn rich Ni-Mn based alloys have attained considerable attention due to their abundant physics and potential application as multifunctional materials. In this paper, polycrystalline Ni50Mn38−xPdxSn12 (x = 0, 2, 4, 6 Heusler alloys have been prepared, and the martensitic phase transformation (MPT together with the shape memory effect and the magnetocaloric effect has been investigated. The experimental result indicates that the MPT evidently shifts to a lower temperature with increase of Pd substitution for Mn atoms, which can be attributed to the weakness of the hybridization between the Ni atom and excess Mn on the Sn site rather than the electron concentration. The physics properties study focused on the sample of Ni50Mn34Pd4Sn12 shows a good two-way shape memory behavior, and the maximum value of strain Δ L/L reaches about 0.13% during the MPT. The small of both entropy change Δ ST and magnetostrain can be ascribed to the inconspicuous influence of magnetic field induced MPT.

Impact of local order and stoichiometry on the ultrafast magnetization dynamics of Heusler compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Steil, Daniel; Schmitt, Oliver; Fetzer, Roman; Aeschlimann, Martin; Cinchetti, Mirko; Kubota, Takahide; Naganuma, Hiroshi; Oogane, Mikihiko; Ando, Yasuo; Rodan, Steven; Blum, Christian G F; Wurmehl, Sabine; Balke, Benjamin

2015-01-01

Nowadays, a wealth of information on ultrafast magnetization dynamics of thin ferromagnetic films exists in the literature. Information is, however, scarce on bulk single crystals, which may be especially important for the case of multi-sublattice systems. In Heusler compounds, representing prominent examples for such multi-sublattice systems, off-stoichiometry and degree of order can significantly change the magnetic properties of thin films, while bulk single crystals may be generally produced with a much more well-defined stoichiometry and a higher degree of ordering. A careful characterization of the local structure of thin films versus bulk single crystals combined with ultrafast demagnetization studies can, thus, help to understand the impact of stoichiometry and order on ultrafast spin dynamics.Here, we present a comparative study of the structural ordering and magnetization dynamics for thin films and bulk single crystals of the family of Heusler alloys with composition Co 2 Fe 1 − x Mn x Si. The local ordering is studied by 59 Co nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, while the time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect gives access to the ultrafast magnetization dynamics. In the NMR studies we find significant differences between bulk single crystals and thin films, both regarding local ordering and stoichiometry. The ultrafast magnetization dynamics, on the other hand, turns out to be mostly unaffected by the observed structural differences, especially on the time scale of some hundreds of femtoseconds. These results confirm hole-mediated spin-flip processes as the main mechanism for ultrafast demagnetization and the robustness of this demagnetization channel against defect states in the minority band gap as well as against the energetic position of the band gap with respect to the Fermi energy. The very small differences observed in the magnetization dynamics on the picosecond time-scale, on the other hand, can be explained by considering the

Phase transformation, magnetic property and microstructure of Ni-Mn-Fe-Co-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tsuchiya, K.; Sho, Y.; Kushima, T.; Todaka, Y.; Umemoto, M.

2007-01-01

Effects of addition of Fe and Co on the phase stability, magnetic property and microstructures were investigated for Ni-Mn-Ga. In Ni-Mn 21- x -Fe x -Ga 27 alloys, martensitic transformation temperatures decreased with increasing amount of Fe (x) up to 15 mol%, then slightly increased by the further addition. The crystal structure of martensite phase was 10 M for x 15 mol%. Relatively high martensite stability was obtained for Ni 52 -Mn 16- x -Fe x -Co 5 -Ga 27 alloys. The highest stability of the ferromagnetic martensite phase was achieved in Ni 52 -Mn 6 -Fe 10 -Co 5 -Ga 27 after aging at 773 K for 3.6 ks. Martensite structure was non-modulated 2 M in this series of alloys

Ion mass dependence of irradiation-induced local creation of ferromagnetism in Fe60Al40 alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fassbender, J.; Liedke, M. O.; Strache, T.; Moeller, W.; Menendez, E.; Sort, J.; Rao, K. V.; Deevi, S. C.; Nogues, J.

2008-01-01

Ion irradiation of Fe 60 Al 40 alloys results in the phase transformation from the paramagnetic, chemically ordered B2 phase to the ferromagnetic, chemically disordered A2 phase. The magnetic phase transformation is related to the number of displacements per atom (dpa) during the irradiation. For heavy ions (Ar + , Kr + , and Xe + ), a universal curve is observed with a steep increase in the fraction of the ferromagnetic phase that reaches saturation, i.e., a complete phase transformation, at about 0.5 dpa. This proves the purely ballistic nature of the disordering process. If light ions are used (He + and Ne + ), a pronounced deviation from the universal curve is observed. This is attributed to bulk vacancy diffusion from the dilute collision cascades, which leads to a partial recovery of the thermodynamically favored B2 phase. Comparing different noble gas ion irradiation experiments allows us to assess the corresponding counteracting contributions. In addition, the potential to create local ferromagnetic areas embedded in a paramagnetic matrix is demonstrated

High performance p-type half-Heusler thermoelectric materials

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Junjie; Xia, Kaiyang; Zhao, Xinbing; Zhu, Tiejun

2018-03-01

Half-Heusler compounds, which possess robust mechanical strength, good high temperature thermal stability and multifaceted physical properties, have been verified as a class of promising thermoelectric materials. During the last two decades, great progress has been made in half-Heusler thermoelectrics. In this review, we summarize some representative work of p-type half-Heusler materials, the thermoelectric performance of which has been remarkably enhanced in recent years. We introduce the features of the crystal and electronic structures of half-Heusler compounds, and successful strategies for optimizing electrical and thermal transport in the p-type RFeSb (R  =  V, Nb, Ta) and MCoSb (M  =  Ti, Zr, Hf) based systems, including band engineering, the formation of solid solutions and hierarchical phonon scattering. The outlook for future research directions of half-Heusler thermoelectrics is also presented.

Effects of Rh on the thermoelectric performance of the p-type Zr0.5Hf0.5Co1-xRhxSb0.99Sn0.01 half-Heusler alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maji, Pramathesh; Takas, Nathan J.; Misra, Dinesh K.; Gabrisch, Heike; Stokes, Kevin; Poudeu, Pierre F.P.

2010-01-01

We show that Rh substitution at the Co site in Zr 0.5 Hf 0.5 Co 1-x Rh x Sb 0.99 Sn 0.01 (0≤x≤1) half-Heusler alloys strongly reduces the thermal conductivity with a simultaneous, significant improvement of the power factor of the materials. Thermoelectric properties of hot-pressed pellets of several compositions with various Rh concentrations were investigated in the temperature range from 300 to 775 K. The Rh 'free' composition shows n-type conduction, while Rh substitution at the Co site drives the system to p-type semiconducting behavior. The lattice thermal conductivity of Zr 0.5 Hf 0.5 Co 1-x Rh x Sb 0.99 Sn 0.01 alloys rapidly decreased with increasing Rh concentration and lattice thermal conductivity as low as 3.7 W/m*K was obtained at 300 K for Zr 0.5 Hf 0.5 RhSb 0.99 Sn 0.01 . The drastic reduction of the lattice thermal conductivity is attributed to mass fluctuation induced by the Rh substitution at the Co site, as well as enhanced phonon scattering at grain boundaries due to the small grain size of the synthesized materials. - Graphical abstract: Significant reduction of the lattice thermal conductivity with increasing Rh concentration in the p-type Zr 0.5 Hf 0.5 Co 1-x Rh x Sb 0.99 Sn 0.01 half-Heusler materials prepared by solid state reaction at 1173 K.

Evaluation of phase transformation in ferromagnetic shape memory Fe-Pd alloy by magnetic Barkhausen noise

Science.gov (United States)

Furuya, Yasubumi; Tamoto, Shizuka; Kubota, Takeshi; Okazaki, Teiko; Hagood, Nesbitt W.; Spearing, S. Mark

2002-07-01

The possibility to detect the phase transformation with martensites by heating or cooling as well as stress-loading in ferromagnetic shape memory Fe-30at percent Pd alloy thin foil by using magnetic Markhausen noise sensor was studied. MBHN is caused by the irregular interactions between magnetic domain and thermally activated martensite twins during magnetization. In general, the envelope of the MBHN voltage versus time signals in Fe-29at percent Pd ribbon showed two peaks during magnetization, where secondary peak at intermediate state of magnetization process decreased with increasing temperature, while the MBHN envelopes in pure iron did not change with increasing temperature. The variety of MBHN due to the phase transformation was apt to arise at higher frequency part of spectrum during intermediate state of magnetization process and it decreased with disappearance of martensite twins. Besides, MBHN increased monotonically with increasing loading stress and then, it decreased with unloading, however MBHN showed large hysteresis between loading and unloading passes. Based on the experimental results from MBHN measurements for both thermoelastic and stress-induced martensite phase transformations in Fe-30at percent Pd ribbon samples, MBHN method seems a useful technique to non-destructive evaluation of martensite phase transformation of ferromagnetic shape memory alloy.

Surface half-metallicity of half-Heusler compound FeCrSe and interface half-metallicity of FeCrSe/GaP

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Khalaf Al-zyadi, Jabbar M., E-mail: jabbar_alzyadi@yahoo.com [Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Basrah (Iraq); Jolan, Mudhahir H. [Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Basrah (Iraq); Yao, Kai-Lun, E-mail: klyao@mail.hust.edu.cn [School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074 (China); International Center of Materials Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110015 (China)

2016-04-01

Recent studies showed that half-Heusler FeCrSe exhibits half-metallic ferromagnetism (Huang et al. [20]). In this paper, we investigate extensively the electronic, magnetic, and half-metallic properties of the half-Heusler alloy FeCrSe (111) and (001) surfaces and the interface with GaP (111) substrate by using the first-principles calculations within the density functional theory. The atomic density of states demonstrates that the half-me tallicity verified in the bulk FeCrSe is maintained at the CrSe-terminated (001) and Se-terminated (111) surfaces, but lost at both Cr- and Fe-terminated (111) surfaces and the Fe-terminated (001) surface. Alternatively, for the interface of FeCrSe/GaP (111), the bulk half-metallicity is destroyed at Se–P configuration while Se–Ga interface and subinterface show nearly 100% spin polarization. Moreover, the calculated interfacial adhesion energies exhibit that Se–Ga shape is more stable than the Se–P one. The calculated magnetic moments of Se, Ga at the Se–Ga (111) interface and P at the Se–P (111) interface increase with respect to the corresponding bulk values while the atomic magnetic moment of Se atom at the Se–P (111) interface decreases. We also notice that the magnetic moments of subinterface Fe at both Se–Ga and Se–P (111) interfaces decrease compared to the bulk values. - Highlights: • The half-metallicity verified in the bulk FeCrSe is kept at the CrSe-terminated (001) and Se-terminated (111) surfaces. • The calculated interfacial adhesion energies exhibit that Se–Ga shape is more stable than Se–P. • The magnetic moments of Se, Ga and P atoms at the interface increase. • The Se–Ga interface shows nearly 100% spin polarization.

Magnetic properties of Ni-Mn-Ga-Co-Cu tetragonal martensites exhibiting magnetic shape memory effect

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Rameš, Michal; Heczko, Oleg; Sozinov, A.; Ullakko, K.; Straka, Ladislav

2018-01-01

Roč. 142, Jan (2018), s. 61-65 ISSN 1359-6462 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA16-00043S Institutional support: RVO:68378271 Keywords : ferromagnetic shape memory alloy * magnetic anisotropy * martensitic phase transformation * Heusler phases * twinning Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism OBOR OECD: Condensed matter physics (including formerly solid state physics, supercond.) Impact factor: 3.747, year: 2016

Phase transitions, magnetotransport and magnetocaloric effects in a new family of quaternary Ni-Mn-In-Z Heusler alloys.

Science.gov (United States)

Kazakov, Alexander; Prudnikov, Valerii; Granovsky, Alexander; Perov, Nikolai; Dubenko, Igor; Pathak, Arjun Kumar; Samanta, Tapas; Stadler, Shane; Ali, Naushad; Zhukov, Arcady; Ilyin, Maxim; Gonzalez, Julian

2012-09-01

The magnetic, magnetotransport, and magnetocaloric properties near compound phase transitions in Ni50Mn35In14Z (Z = In, Ge, Al), and Ni48Co2Mn35In15 Heusler alloys have been studied using VSM and SQUID magnetometers (at magnetic fields (H) up to 5 T), four-probe method (at H = 0.005-1.5 T), and an adiabatic magnetocalorimeter (for H changes up to deltaH = 1.8 T), respectively. The martensitic transformation (MT) is accompanied by large magnetoresistance (up to 70%), a significant change in resistivity (up to 200%), and a sign reversal of the ordinary Hall effect coefficient, all related to a strong change in the electronic spectrum at the MT. The field dependences of the Hall resistance are complex in the vicinity of the MT, indicating a change in the relative concentrations of the austenite and martensite phases at strong fields. Negative and positive changes in adiabatic temperatures of about -2 K and +2 K have been observed in the vicinity of MT and Curie temperatures, respectively, for deltaH = 1.8 T.

Spin injection and magnetoresistance in MoS2-based tunnel junctions using Fe3Si Heusler alloy electrodes.

Science.gov (United States)

Rotjanapittayakul, Worasak; Pijitrojana, Wanchai; Archer, Thomas; Sanvito, Stefano; Prasongkit, Jariyanee

2018-03-19

Recently magnetic tunnel junctions using two-dimensional MoS 2 as nonmagnetic spacer have been fabricated, although their magnetoresistance has been reported to be quite low. This may be attributed to the use of permalloy electrodes, injecting current with a relatively small spin polarization. Here we evaluate the performance of MoS 2 -based tunnel junctions using Fe 3 Si Heusler alloy electrodes. Density functional theory and the non-equilibrium Green's function method are used to investigate the spin injection efficiency (SIE) and the magnetoresistance (MR) ratio as a function of the MoS 2 thickness. We find a maximum MR of ~300% with a SIE of about 80% for spacers comprising between 3 and 5 MoS 2 monolayers. Most importantly, both the SIE and the MR remain robust at finite bias, namely MR > 100% and SIE > 50% at 0.7 V. Our proposed materials stack thus demonstrates the possibility of developing a new generation of performing magnetic tunnel junctions with layered two-dimensional compounds as spacers.

First-principle investigations of the magnetic properties and possible martensitic transformation in Ni2MnX (X=Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge and Sn)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, Wei; Gao, She-Sheng; Meng, Yang

2014-01-01

The magnetic and electronic properties of Ni 2 MnX (X=Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge and Sn) Heusler alloys have been studied by using the first-principle projector augmented wave potential within the generalized gradient approximation. The possible non-modulated martensitic transformation in these six alloys has been investigated. Both austenitic and martensitic Ni 2 MnX (X=Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge and Sn) Heusler alloys are found to be ferromagnets. In martensitic phase, the energies minimum occurs at c/a=0.99 for Ni 2 MnX (X=Al, In, Ge and Sn), and the energy minimum occurs at c/a=1.02 for Ni 2 MnSi. But there is a negligible energy difference ΔE (<6 meV/cell) between the austenitic and martensitic phases for each alloy. Meanwhile, around c/a=1, an anomaly is observed in the E-c/a curve, which is related to a very slightly tetragonal distortion trend in Ni 2 MnX (X=Al, In, Si, Ge and Sn). The energy difference ΔE between the austenitic and martensitic phases for Ni 2 MnGa is as large as 99 meV/cell, so it is more likely to realize martensitic transformation in it. - Highlights: • Both austenitic and martensitic Ni 2 MnX alloys are found to be ferromagnets. • The energy difference between the martensitic and austenitic phases is negligible. • The total moment in martensitic phase is close to corresponding to austenitic phase

Thermomagnetic and magnetocaloric properties of metamagnetic Ni-Mn-In-Co Heusler alloy in magnetic fields up to 140 kOe

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kamantsev Alexander

2014-07-01

Full Text Available High cooling power of magnetocaloric refrigeration can be achieved only at large amounts of heat, which can be transferred in one cycle from cold end hot end at quasi-isothermal conditions. The simple and robust experimental method of direct measuring of the transferred heat of materials with magnetocaloric effect (MCE in thermal contact with massive copper block with definite heat capacity in quasi-isothermal regime was proposed. The vacuum calorimeter for the specific transferred heat ΔQ and adiabatic temperature change ΔT measurements of MCE materials in the fields of Bitter coil magnet up to H = 140 kOe was designed and tested on samples of Ni43Mn37.9In12.1Co7 Heusler alloy with inverse MCE in the vicinity of meta-magnetostructural phase transition (PT. It was found, that the magnetic field H = 80 kOe produces complete PT from martensite to austenite with ΔQ = - 1600 J/kg at initial temperature 273 K.

Microstructure and magnetism of Co2FeAl Heusler alloy prepared by arc and induction melting compared with planar flow casting

Science.gov (United States)

Titov, A.; Jiraskova, Y.; Zivotsky, O.; Bursik, J.; Janickovic, D.

2018-04-01

This paper is devoted to investigations of the structural and magnetic properties of the Co2FeAl Heusler alloy produced by three technologies. The alloys prepared by arc and induction melting have resulted in coarse-grained samples in contrast to the fine-grained ribbon-type sample prepared by planar flow casting. Scanning electron microscopy completed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and magnetic methods sensitive to both bulk and surface were applied. The chemical composition was slightly different from the nominal only for the ribbon sample. From the viewpoint of magnetic properties, the bulk coercivity and remnant magnetization have followed the structure influenced by the technology used. Saturation magnetization was practically the same for samples prepared by arc and induction melting, whereas the magnetization of ribbon is slightly lower due to a higher Al content at the expense of iron and cobalt. The surface magnetic properties were markedly influenced by anisotropy, grain size, and surface roughness of the samples. The surface roughness and brittleness of the ribbon-type sample did not make domain structure observation possible. The other two samples could be well polished and their highly smooth surface has enabled domain structure visualization by both magneto-optical Kerr microscopy and magnetic force microscopy.

Low Temperature Electrical Spin Injection from Highly Spin Polarized Co₂CrAl Heusler Alloy into p-Si.

Science.gov (United States)

Kar, Uddipta; Panda, J; Nath, T K

2018-06-01

The low temperature spin accumulation in p-Si using Co2CrAl/SiO2 tunnel junction has been investigated in detail. The heterojunction has been fabricated using electron beam evaporation (EBE) technique. The 3-terminal contacts in Hanle geometry has been made for spin transport measurements. The electrical transport properties have been investigated at different isothermal conditions in the temperature range of 10-300 K. The current-voltage characteristics of the junction shows excellent rectifying magnetic diode like behaviour in lower temperature range (below 200 K). At higher temperature, the junction shows nonlinear behaviour without rectifying characteristics. We have observed spin accumulation signal in p-Si semiconductor using SiO2/Co2CrAl tunnel junction in the low temperature regime (30-100 K). Hence the highly spin polarized Full Heusler alloys compounds, like Co2CrAl etc., are very attractive and can act as efficient tunnel device for spin injection in the area of spintronics devices in near future. The estimated spin life time is τ = 54 pS and spin diffusion length inside p-Si is LSD = 289 nm at 30 K for this heterostructure.

Preparation and characterization of highly L21-ordered full-Heusler alloy Co2FeAl0.5Si0.5 thin films for spintronics device applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Wenhong; Sukegawa, Hiroaki; Shan Rong; Furubayashi, Takao; Inomata, Koichiro

2008-01-01

We report the investigation of structure and magnetic properties of full-Heusler alloy Co 2 FeAl 0.5 Si 0.5 (CFAS) thin films grown on MgO-buffered MgO (001) substrates through magnetron sputtering. It was found that single-crystal CFAS thin films with high degree of L2 1 ordering and sufficiently flat surface could be obtained after postdeposition annealing. All the films show a distinct uniaxial magnetic anisotropy with the easy axis of magnetization along the in-plane [110] direction. These results indicate that the use of the MgO buffer for CFAS is a promising approach for achieving a higher tunnel magnetoresistance ratio, and thus for spintronics device applications

Structure changes of Co-Ni-Al ferromagnetic shape memory alloys after vacuum annealing and hot rolling

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maziarz, Wojciech

2008-01-01

The structure changes of vacuum annealed and hot rolled Co 35+x -Ni 40-x -Al 25 (x = 0, 2.5, 5.0) ferromagnetic shape memory alloys were examined by optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements. Almost the same content of γ phase was observed in alloys after vacuum annealing. The change of grains morphology from dendrite in to equiaxed ones appeared after vacuum annealing. The hot rolling process was applied after annealing at 900 deg. C with thickness reduction up to about 90%. The structure of hot rolled samples revealed elongated grains of different phases. The hardness changes after heat treatment and plastic deformation processes have reflected the solution hardening and work hardening, respectively

The half-metallic ferromagnetism character in Be1-xVxY (Y=Se and Te) alloys: An ab-initio study

Science.gov (United States)

Sajjad, M.; Manzoor, Sadia; Zhang, H. X.; Noor, N. A.; Alay-e-Abbas, S. M.; Shaukat, A.; Khenata, R.

2015-04-01

Ab-initio calculations for V-doped BeSe and BeTe semiconductors are performed by means of all-electrons full-potential linearized augmented plane wave plus local orbital (FP-LAPW+lo) method. The structural properties are optimized using the Wu-Cohen generalized gradient approximation functional, whereas modified Becke and Jhonson local density approximation functional has been employed for evaluating the spin-polarized electronic and magnetic properties. Magnetic stability at various doping concentrations in ferromagnetic (FM) and anti-ferromagnetic (AFM) ordering is investigated by comparing the minimum total energies and enthalpies of formation (ΔH). Studied band structures, density of states, total energy, exchange interactions and magnetic moments manifest both alloys with half-metallic ferromagnetic behavior. Moreover, their valance bands are found to be paired ferromagnetically with V atoms. Furthermore, it was observed that the magnetic moment of vanadium atom reduces from free space charge value due to p-d hybridization which yields small magnetic moments on the Be, Se and Te sites.

Ferromagnetic alloy material CoFeC with high thermal tolerance in MgO/CoFeC/Pt structure and comparable intrinsic damping factor with CoFeB

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Shaohai; Zhou, Jing; Lin, Weinan; Yu, Jihang; Guo, Rui; Poh, Francis; Shum, Danny; Chen, Jingsheng

2018-02-01

The thermal tolerance and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) of ferromagnetic alloy Co40Fe40C20 in the structure MgO/CoFeC/Pt (or Ta) were investigated and compared with the commonly used CoFeB alloy. It is found that the PMA of CoFeC with {{K}i,CoFeC}=2.21 erg c{{m}-2} , which is 59% higher than that of CoFeB, can be obtained after proper post-annealing treatment. Furthermore, CoFeC alloy provides better thermal tolerance to temperature of 400 °C than CoFeB. The studies on ferromagnetic resonance show that the intrinsic damping constant α in of Co40Fe40C20 alloy is 0.0047, which is similar to the reported value of 0.004 for Co40Fe40B20 alloy. The comprehensive comparisons indicate that CoFeC alloy is a promising candidate for the application of the integration of spin torque transfer magnetic random access memory with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor processes.

Magnetic hysterysis evolution of Ni-Al alloy with Fe and Mn substitution by vacuum arc melting to produce the room temperature magnetocaloric effect material

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Notonegoro, Hamdan Akbar [PPS Materials Science, FMIPA-Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424 (Indonesia); Mechanical Engineering Dept., FT-Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Cilegon 42435 (Indonesia); Kurniawan, Budhy; Manaf, Azwar, E-mail: azwar@sci.ui.ac.id [PPS Materials Science, FMIPA-Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424 (Indonesia); Setiawan, Jan [Center for Nuclear Fuel Tecnology-Badan Tenaga Atom Nasional, Tangerang Selatan 15310 (Indonesia)

2016-06-17

The development of magnetocaloric effect (MCE) material is done in order to reduce the damage of the ozone layer caused by the chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) emitted into the air. The research dealing with synthesis of magnetocaloric materials based of Ni-Al Heusler Alloy structure and by varying substitution some atoms of Ni with Fe and Al with Mn on Ni-Al Heusler Alloy structure to become Ni{sub 44}Fe{sub 6}Mn{sub 32}Al{sub 18}. Vacuum Arc Melting (VAM) equipment is used to form the alloys on vacuum condition and by flowing argon gas atmosphere and then followed by annealing process for 72 hours. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) reveals that crystallite structure of material is observed. We define that Ni{sub 44}Fe{sub 6} as X{sub 2}, Mn{sub 25} as Y, and Al{sub 18}Mn{sub 7} as Z. Based on the XRD result, we observed that the general formula X{sub 2}YZ is not changed. The PERMAGRAF measurement revealed that there exists of magnetic hysterysis. The hysterysis show that the magnetic structures of the system undego evolution from diamagnetic to soft ferromagnetic material which all of the compound have the same crystallite structure. This evolution indicated that the change in the composition has led to changes the magnetic composition. Mn is the major element that gives strong magnetic properties to the sample. When Mn partially replaced position of Al, the sample became dominant to be influenced to improve their magnetic properties. In addition, substitution a part of Ni by Fe in the composition reveals a pinning of the domain walls in the sample.

A new type of soft ferromagnetic alloys: RFe12-xGex

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lachevre, V.; Barbara, B.; Fruchart, D.; Pontonnier, L.

1998-01-01

Ternary iron-rich rare earth germanides RFe 12-x Ge x with R=Y, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, Ho and Er reveal soft ferromagnetic properties. The structure, the microstructure and the soft magnetic properties of these materials have been studied versus the germanium content and the nature of the rare earth element. In the as-cast materials, at least three crystallized phases have been identified: α-Fe(Ge), RFe 2 Ge 2 and traces of Fe 3 Ge. The typical grain size is of some tens of micrometer. The Curie temperature of these alloys is rather high (i.e. >770 K). The transition temperature as well as the saturation magnetization are found to strongly depend on the nature of the R element. The rapidly quenched alloys appear fully homogenized compared with the as-cast materials and the grain size decreases to about one micrometer. Although X-ray diffraction patterns have shown that the two major phases remain present, the magnetic characteristics are fairly dependent on the earth rare element. For all the investigated materials, measurements of the hysterical behaviour reveal a very low coercivity level, i.e. H c <10 Oe. (orig.)

Coupled magnetostructural transition in Ni-Mn-V-Ga Heusler alloys and its effect on the magnetocaloric and transport properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Devarajan, U; Kannan, M; Thiyagarajan, R; Arumugam, S; Manivel Raja, M; Rama Rao, N V; Singh, Sanjay; Venkateshwarlu, D; Ganesan, V; Ohashi, M

2016-01-01

In the present work, the magnetocaloric and transport properties of Ni 2.2 Mn 0.72−x V x Ga 1.08 (x  =  0.0, 0.04, 0.08, 0.12) magnetic shape memory alloys are investigated. The alloys show a coupled magnetostructural transition from paramagnetic austenite to ferromagnetic martensite in a composition range of 0  ⩽  x  ⩽  0.08. For higher V substitution (x  =  0.12), the martensite transition is lower than the conventional ferromagnetic transition. Large magnetic entropy change values of about 12.4, 16.2 and 19 J kg −1 K −1 and corresponding refrigeration capacities of 60.6, 82.5, and 103 J kg −1 were observed for x  =  0, 0.04 and 0.08 alloys, respectively. The above two parameters linearly increase with increasing magnetic field. The indirect adiabatic temperature change calculated from the heat capacity measurement is found to be at its maximum for x  =  0.12 at H  =  8 T. The magnetoresistance is observed to increase from 0% (x  =  0.12) to 28% (x  =  0) at the maximum field of 8 T. The Sommerfeld coefficients are almost the same for the parent and a V-doped sample, which reveals a low free electron density, and the Debye coefficients decrease with an increase in V doping, confirming the phenomenon of electron–phonon scattering. The critical exponents at second order magnetic transition for x  = 0.12 are calculated as β  =  0.482, γ  =  1.056, δ  =  3.021, which agrees closely with mean field theory. (paper)

Absence of intrinsic ferromagnetism in Zn{sub 1-x}Mn{sub x}O alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhang Huawei [Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050 (China); Shi Erwei [Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050 (China); Chen Zhizhan [Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050 (China); Liu Xuechao [Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050 (China); Xiao Bing [Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050 (China)

2006-10-04

Zn{sub 1-x}Mn{sub x}O alloys, with different Mn concentrations, were prepared by the hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction and electron paramagnetic resonance spectra demonstrate that Zn{sup 2+} ions are homogeneously substituted by Mn{sup 2+} ions without changing the ZnO wurtzite structure. The x = 0.02 and 0.04 samples are paramagnetic. When the Mn concentrations are increased to x = 0.08 and 0.10, the samples exhibit some ferromagnetism due to a secondary phase (Zn,Mn)Mn{sub 2}O{sub 4}. (letter to the editor)

Effect of Mn addition on the structural and magnetic properties of Fe-Pd ferromagnetic shape memory alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanchez-Alarcos, V.; Recarte, V.; Perez-Landazabal, J.I.; Gonzalez, M.A.; Rodriguez-Velamazan, J.A.

2009-01-01

The effect of Mn addition on the structural and magnetic properties of Fe-Pd ferromagnetic shape memory alloys is investigated. In particular, a complete characterization of the influence of the partial substitution of Fe by Mn has been performed on Fe 69.4-x Pd 30.6 Mn x (x = 0, 1, 2.5 and 5) alloys. The substitution of 1% Fe by Mn fully inhibits the undesirable irreversible face-centered tetragonal to body-centered tetragonal transformation without decreasing the face-centered cubic to face-centered tetragonal temperature. In addition, the substitution of 2.5% Fe by Mn gives rise to the highest thermoelastic transformation temperature observed to date in the Fe-Pd system, probably due to an increase in the valence electron concentration. The magnetocaloric effect has been evaluated in this alloy system for the first time. Nevertheless, the low values obtained suggest that the Fe-Pd alloys are not good candidates for magnetic refrigeration applications.

Tuning Fermi level of Cr{sub 2}CoZ (Z=Al and Si) inverse Heusler alloys via Fe-doping for maximum spin polarization

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Singh, Mukhtiyar [Department of Physics, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136119, Haryana (India); Saini, Hardev S. [Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014 (India); Thakur, Jyoti [Department of Physics, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136119, Haryana (India); Reshak, Ali H. [New Technologies—Research Center, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni 8, 306 14 Pilsen (Czech Republic); Center of Excellence Geopolymer and Green Technology, School of Material Engineering, University Malaysia Perlis, 01007 Kangar, Perlis (Malaysia); Kashyap, Manish K., E-mail: manishdft@gmail.com [Department of Physics, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136119, Haryana (India)

2014-12-15

We report full potential treatment of electronic and magnetic properties of Cr{sub 2−x}Fe{sub x}CoZ (Z=Al, Si) Heusler alloys where x=0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0, based on density functional theory (DFT). Both parent alloys (Cr{sub 2}CoAl and Cr{sub 2}CoSi) are not half-metallic frromagnets. The gradual replacement of one Cr sublattice with Fe induces the half-metallicity in these systems, resulting maximum spin polarization. The half-metallicity starts to appear in Cr{sub 2−x}Fe{sub x}CoAl and Cr{sub 2−x}Fe{sub x}CoSi with x=0.50 and x=0.25, respectively, and the values of minority-spin gap and half-metallic gap or spin-flip gap increase with further increase of x. These gaps are found to be maximum for x=1.0 for both cases. An excellent agreement between the structural properties of CoFeCrAl with available experimental study is obtained. The Fermi level tuning by Fe-doping makes these alloys highly spin polarized and thus these can be used as promising candidates for spin valves and magnetic tunnelling junction applications. - Highlights: • Tuning of E{sub F} in Cr{sub 2}CoZ (Z=Al, Si) has been demonstrated via Fe doping. • Effect of Fe doping on half-metallicity and magnetism have been discussed. • The new alloys have a potential of being used as spin polarized electrodes.

Experimental study of the spin density of metastable fcc ferromagnetic Fe-Cu alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bove, L. E.; Petrillo, C.; Sacchetti, F.; Mazzone, G.

2000-01-01

Magnetization density measurements on metastable Fe x Cu 1-x alloys at four compositions (x=20, 40, 50, and 60 at. %) and at 5 K temperature were carried out by means of polarized neutron diffraction. The samples were produced by high-energy ball milling and characterized by x-ray diffraction and fluorescence measurements. Additional bulk magnetization measurements were carried out on the two samples at high Fe concentration. Over the present concentration region, the Fe-Cu system is ferromagnetic and the four samples were found to be in the fcc phase. Fe-Cu is therefore a very suitable system to investigate the magnetic state of Fe in an fcc environment. Other than confirming that the Fe-Cu system is not a simple dilution alloy, the present results were compatible with a two-state model for fcc Fe--that is, two different coexisting electronic states associated with different magnetic moments and form factors

Electronic structure and physical properties of Heusler compounds for thermoelectric and spintronic applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ouardi, Siham

2012-01-01

This thesis focuses on synthesis as well as investigations of the electronic structure and properties of Heusler compounds for spintronic and thermoelectric applications. The first part reports on the electronic and crystal structure as well as the mechanical, magnetic, and transport properties of the polycrystalline Heusler compound Co 2 MnGe. The crystalline structure was examined in detail by extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy and anomalous X-ray diffraction. The low-temperature magnetic moment agrees well with the Slater-Pauling rule and indicates a half-metallic ferromagnetic state of the compound, as is predicted by ab-initio calculations. Transport measurements and hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) were performed to explain the electronic structure of the compound. A major part of the thesis deals with a systematical investigation of Heusler compounds for thermoelectric applications. This thesis focuses on the search for new p-type Heusler compounds with high thermoelectric efficiency. The substitutional series NiTi 1-x M x Sn (where M=Sc, V and 0 0.26 Sc 0.04 Zr 0.35 Hf 0.35 Sn. HAXPES valence band measurement show massive in gap states for the parent compounds NiTiSn, CoTiSb and NiTi 0.3 Zr 0.35 Hf 0.35 Sn. This proves that the electronic states close to the Fermi energy play a key role for the behavior of the transport properties. Furthermore, the electronic structure of the gapless Heusler compounds PtYSb, PtLaBi and PtLuSb were investigated by bulk sensitive HAXPES. The linear behavior of the spectra close to εF proves the bulk origin of Dirac-cone type density of states. Furthermore, a systematic study on the optical and transport properties of PtYSb is presented. The compound exhibits promising thermoelectric properties with a high figure of merit (ZT=0.2) and a Hall mobility μh of 300 cm 2 /Vs at 350 K. The last part of this thesis describes the linear dichroism in angular-resolved photoemission from the valence band

Visible microactuation of a ferromagnetic shape memory alloy by focused laser beam

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hu, Zhibin; Tamang, Rajesh; Varghese, Binni; Sow, Chorng-Haur; Rajini Kanth, B; Mukhopadhyay, P K

2012-01-01

We used a focused laser beam to achieve large amplitude and localized controlled actuation in a microstructure made of a ferromagnetic shape memory alloy. Significant deformation (18 µm) was achieved at low laser power (20 mW) and the amplitude of actuation could be linearly controlled with the laser power. The rapid mechanical actuation shows no apparent sign of fatigue even after a million continuous oscillatory cycles. As a possible mechanism, we propose that the deformation of structure was induced by a combination of the thermal effect and the magnetic field of the incident laser light. This is possibly the first such reported visual evidence of microactuation of materials due to the optomagnetic field. (fast track communication)

Study of the magnetic properties of the Ce{sub x} La{sub 1−x} Pt alloy system: Which interaction establishes ferromagnetism in Kondo systems?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Očko, M., E-mail: ocko@ifs.hr [Institute of Physics, Bijenička c 46, 10000 Zagreb (Croatia); Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, Zagreb (Croatia); Zadro, K. [Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenička c. 32, 10000 Zagreb (Croatia); Drobac, Đ.; Aviani, I.; Salamon, K. [Institute of Physics, Bijenička c 46, 10000 Zagreb (Croatia); Mixson, D.; Bauer, E.D.; Sarrao, J.L. [Los Alamos National Laboratory, Mail Stop K 764, Los Alamos, NM 87545 (United States)

2016-11-01

In order to study Kondo ferromagnetism, particularly of the CePt compound, we investigate the magnetic properties of the Ce{sub x}La{sub 1−x}Pt alloy system in the temperature range from 1.8 K to 320 K. The results of these investigations can be summarized as follows: dc-susceptibility can be described by the Curie–Weiss law at higher temperatures down to about 100 K, but also at the low temperatures above the phase transition. At higher temperatures, the extracted Curie–Weiss constant, θ{sub p}, is negative in contrast to the low temperatures, where θ{sub C} is positive. The extracted effective magnetic moment from the higher temperatures is the same for all the alloys and is close to the theoretical value of the isolated Ce{sup 3+} ion, μ=2.54 μ{sub B}, indicating the hybridization is weak and, and consequently, Kondo interaction is weak. These observations confirm the main important conclusions inferred from an earlier transport properties investigation of this alloy system. The Curie temperature extracted by various approaches was compared to the extraction from the ac-susceptibility measurements. We show that its concentration dependence is not consistent with Doniach's diagram. Hence, RKKY interaction is not responsible for the ferromagnetism in this alloy system. - Highlights: • We have found that for Ce{sub x}La{sub 1−x}Pt the temperature of the ferromagnetic transition linearly depends on x. • The Kondo temperature is independent of x. • Hence, RKKY interaction is not responsible for the ferromagnetism. • The lattice parameters show that direct exchange interaction is possible. • We expect that the investigations of Ce{sub x}Y{sub 1−x} will confirm our conclusions.

Structure, magnetic and thermo-mechanic properties of Ni2.14Mn0.81Fe0.05Ga Heusler alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Borisenko, I.D.; Koledov, V.V.; Khovajlo, V.V.; Khudaverdyan, T.O.; Shavrov, V.G.; Grechishkin, R.M.; Krasnoperov, E.P.; Li, Ya.; Tszyan, Ch.

2005-01-01

The influence of a strong magnetic field, single-axis pressure and intensive ultrasound on the process of structural (martensitic) transition on polycrystals of ferromagnetic alloy Ni 2.14 Mn 0.81 Fe 0.05 Ga with shape memory was studied experimentally. It is shown that magnetic field up to 8 T shifts without essential distortions the temperature hysteresis loop of martensitic transition to the range of higher temperatures, single-axis pressure blurs the martensitic transition, expanding the temperature hysteresis loop, while ultrasonic vibration may result in contraction of the hysteresis loop [ru

Engineering half-Heusler thermoelectric materials using Zintl chemistry

Science.gov (United States)

Zeier, Wolfgang G.; Schmitt, Jennifer; Hautier, Geoffroy; Aydemir, Umut; Gibbs, Zachary M.; Felser, Claudia; Snyder, G. Jeffrey

2016-06-01

Half-Heusler compounds based on XNiSn and XCoSb (X = Ti, Zr or Hf) have rapidly become important thermoelectric materials for converting waste heat into electricity. In this Review, we provide an overview on the electronic properties of half-Heusler compounds in an attempt to understand their basic structural chemistry and physical properties, and to guide their further development. Half-Heusler compounds can exhibit semiconducting transport behaviour even though they are described as ‘intermetallic’ compounds. Therefore, it is most useful to consider these systems as rigid-band semiconductors within the framework of Zintl (or valence-precise) compounds. These considerations aid our understanding of their properties, such as the bandgap and low hole mobility because of interstitial Ni defects in XNiSn. Understanding the structural and bonding characteristics, including the presence of defects, will help to develop different strategies to improve and design better half-Heusler thermoelectric materials.

Anti-phase boundaries and magnetic domain structures in Ni{sub 2}MnGa-type Heusler alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Venkateswaran, S.P. [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 (United States); Nuhfer, N.T. [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 (United States); De Graef, M. [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 (United States)]. E-mail: degraef@cmu.edu

2007-05-15

The microstructure and magnetic domain structure of austenitic Heusler Ni{sub 2}MnGa are investigated as a function of heat treatment to study the interplay of anti-phase boundaries and magnetic domain walls. Conventional electron microscopy observations on arc-melted polycrystalline samples show that anti-phase boundaries in this system are invisible for standard two-beam imaging conditions, due to the large extinction distance of the Heusler superlattice reflections. Lorentz Fresnel and Foucault observations on quenched samples reveal a wavy magnetic domain morphology, reminiscent of curved anti-phase boundaries. A close inspection of the domain images indicates that the anti-phase boundaries have a magnetization state different from that of the matrix. Fresnel image simulations for a simple magnetization model are in good agreement with the observations. Magnetic coercivity measurements show a decrease in coercivity with annealing, which correlates with the microscopy observations of reduced anti-phase boundary density for annealed samples.

Optimized thermoelectric performance of the n-type half-Heusler material TiNiSn by substitution and addition of Mn

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Enkhtaivan Lkhagvasuren

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Alloys based on the half-Heusler compound TiNiSn with the addition of Mn or with a substitution of Ti by Mn are investigated as high-temperature thermoelectric materials. In both materials an intrinsic phase separation is observed, similar to TiNiSn where Ti has been partially substituted by Hf, with increasing Mn concentration the phase separation drastically reduces the lattice thermal conductivity while the power factor is increased. The thermoelectric performance of the n-type conducting alloy can be optimized both by substitution of Ti by Mn as well as the addition of Mn.

Temperature and pressure dependent structural and thermo-physical properties of quaternary CoVTiAl alloy

Science.gov (United States)

Yousuf, Saleem; Gupta, Dinesh C.

2017-09-01

Investigation of band structure and thermo-physical response of new quaternary CoVTiAl Heusler alloy within the frame work of density functional theory has been analyzed. 100% spin polarization with ferromagnetic stable ground state at the optimized lattice parameter of 6.01 Å is predicted for the compound. Slater-Pauling rule for the total magnetic moment of 3 μB and an indirect semiconducting behavior is also seen for the compound. In order to perfectly analyze the thermo-physical response, the lattice thermal conductivity and thermodynamic properties have been calculated. Thermal effects on some macroscopic properties of CoVTiAl are predicted using the quasi-harmonic Debye model, in which the lattice vibrations are taken into account. The variations of the lattice constant, volume expansion coefficient, heat capacities, and Debye temperature with pressure and temperature in the ranges of 0 GPa to 15 GPa and 0 K to 800 K have been obtained.

Electromagnetic-acoustic coupling in ferromagnetic metals at liquid-helium temperatures

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gordon, R A

1981-01-01

Electromagnetic-acoustic coupling at the surface and in the bulk of ferromagnetic metals at liquid-helium temperatures has been studied using electromagnetically excited acoustic standing-wave resonances at MHz frequencies in a number of ferromagnetic metals and alloys of commercial interest...

Ferromagnetic bulk glassy alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Inoue, Akihisa; Makino, Akihiro; Mizushima, Takao

2000-01-01

This paper deals with the review on the formation, thermal stability and magnetic properties of the Fe-based bulk glassy alloys in as-cast bulk and melt-spun ribbon forms. A large supercooled liquid region over 50 K before crystallization was obtained in Fe-(Al, Ga)-(P, C, B, Si), Fe-(Cr, Mo, Nb)-(Al, Ga)-(P, C, B) and (Fe, Co, Ni)-Zr-M-B (M=Ti, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo and W) systems and bulk glassy alloys were produced in a thickness range below 2 mm for the Fe-(Al, Ga)-(P, C, B, Si) system and 6 mm for the Fe-Co-(Zr, Nb, Ta)-(Mo, W)-B system by copper-mold casting. The ring-shaped glassy Fe-(Al, Ga)-(P, C, B, Si) alloys exhibit much better soft magnetic properties as compared with the ring-shaped alloy made from the melt-spun ribbon because of the formation of the unique domain structure. The good combination of high glass-forming ability and good soft magnetic properties indicates the possibility of future development as a new bulk glassy magnetic material

Thin film Heusler compounds manganese nickel gallium

Science.gov (United States)

Jenkins, Catherine Ann

Multiferroic Heusler compounds Mn3--xNi xGa (x=0,1,2) have a tetragonal unit cell that can variously be used for magneto-mechanically coupled shape memory ( x=1,2) and spin-mechanical applications (x=0). The first fabrication of fully epitaxial thin films of these and electronically related compounds by sputtering is discussed. Traditional and custom lab characterization of the magnetic and temperature driven multiferroic behavior is augmented by more detailed synchrotron-based high energy photoemission spectroscopic techniques to describe the atomic and electronic structure. Integration of the MnNi2Ga magnetic shape memory compound in microwave patch antennas and active free-standing structures represents a fraction of the available and promising applications for these compounds. Prototype magnetic tunnel junctions are demonstrated by Mn3Ga electrodes with perpendicular anisotropy for spin torque transfer memory structures. The main body of the work concentrates on the definition and exploration of the material series Mn3--xNi xGa (x=0,1,2) and the relevant multiferroic phenomena exhibited as a function of preparation and external stimuli. Engineering results on each x=0,1,2 are presented with device prototypes where relevant. In the appendices the process of the materials design undertaken with the goal of developing new ternary intermetallics with enhanced properties is presented with a full exploration of the road from band structure calculations to device implementation. Cobalt based compounds in single crystal and nanoparticle form are fabricated with an eye to developing the production methods for new cobalt- and iron-based magnetic shape memory compounds for device applications in different forms. Mn2CoSn, a compound isolectronic and with similar atomic ordering to Mn2NiGa is experimentally determined to be a nearly half-metallic ferromagnet in contrast to the metallic ferrimagnetism in the parent compound. High energy photoemission spectroscopy is shown to

On the Phase Separation in n-Type Thermoelectric Half-Heusler Materials

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Michael Schwall

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Half-Heusler compounds have been in focus as potential materials for thermoelectric energy conversion in the mid-temperature range, e.g., as in automotive or industrial waste heat recovery, for more than ten years now. Because of their mechanical and thermal stability, these compounds are advantageous for common thermoelectric materials such as Bi 2 Te 3 , SiGe, clathrates or filled skutterudites. A further advantage lies in the tunability of Heusler compounds, allowing one to avoid expensive and toxic elements. Half-Heusler compounds usually exhibit a high electrical conductivity σ , resulting in high power factors. The main drawback of half-Heusler compounds is their high lattice thermal conductivity. Here, we present a detailed study of the phase separation in an n-type Heusler materials system, showing that the Ti x Zr y Hf z NiSn system is not a solid solution. We also show that this phase separation is key to the thermoelectric high efficiency of n-type Heusler materials. These results strongly underline the importance of phase separation as a powerful tool for designing highly efficient materials for thermoelectric applications that fulfill the industrial demands of a thermoelectric converter.

Electronic structure and physical properties of Heusler compounds for thermoelectric and spintronic applications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ouardi, Siham

2012-03-19

This thesis focuses on synthesis as well as investigations of the electronic structure and properties of Heusler compounds for spintronic and thermoelectric applications. The first part reports on the electronic and crystal structure as well as the mechanical, magnetic, and transport properties of the polycrystalline Heusler compound Co{sub 2}MnGe. The crystalline structure was examined in detail by extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy and anomalous X-ray diffraction. The low-temperature magnetic moment agrees well with the Slater-Pauling rule and indicates a half-metallic ferromagnetic state of the compound, as is predicted by ab-initio calculations. Transport measurements and hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) were performed to explain the electronic structure of the compound. A major part of the thesis deals with a systematical investigation of Heusler compounds for thermoelectric applications. This thesis focuses on the search for new p-type Heusler compounds with high thermoelectric efficiency. The substitutional series NiTi{sub 1-x}M{sub x}Sn (where M=Sc, V and 0Heusler compound. The pure compounds showed n-type behavior, while under Sc substitution the system switched to p-type behavior. A maximum Seebeck coefficient of +230 {mu}V/K (350 K) was obtained for NiTi{sub 0.26}Sc{sub 0.04}Zr{sub 0.35}Hf{sub 0.35}Sn. HAXPES valence band measurement show massive in gap states for the parent compounds NiTiSn, CoTiSb and NiTi{sub 0.3}Zr{sub 0.35}Hf{sub 0.35}Sn. This proves that the electronic states close to the Fermi energy play a key role for the behavior of the transport properties. Furthermore, the electronic structure of the gapless Heusler compounds PtYSb, PtLaBi and PtLuSb were investigated by bulk

Phonon dispersion in the ferromagnetic shape memory alloy Ni2MnGa studied by neutron spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vorderwisch, P.; Shapiro, S.M.

2006-01-01

Neutron spectroscopy is an ideal technique to study the structure and dynamics of crystals. For the ferromagnetic shape memory alloy Ni 2 MnGa, all previously obtained information from inelastic neutron scattering experiments is restricted to the phonon dispersion in the austenitic (fcc) phase of alloys with different compositions. For the (tetragonally distorted) martensitic phase recent inelastic neutron scattering data are presented. These new data were taken on a single crystal with stoichiometric composition. A single-variant martensitic phase of the sample has been obtained by the application of magnetic fields in horizontal or vertical direction with respect to the scattering plane used in the experiments. The measured phonon-dispersion curves are compared with recently published ab initio (zero-temperature) phonon-dispersion calculations. The anomalous phonon behavior observed in both, the austenitic and martensitic phase is discussed

Nanocrystalline soft ferromagnetic Ni-Co-P thin film on Al alloy by low temperature electroless deposition

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aal, A. Abdel; Shaaban, A.; Hamid, Z. Abdel

2008-01-01

Soft ferromagnetic ternary Ni-Co-P films were deposited onto Al 6061 alloy from low temperature Ni-Co-P electroless plating bath. The effect of deposition parameters, such as time and pH, on the plating rate of the deposit were examined. The results showed that the plating rate is a function of pH bath and the highest coating thickness can be obtained at pH value from 8 to10. The surface morphology, phase structure and the magnetic properties of the prepared films have been investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and vibrating magnetometer device (VMD), respectively. The deposit obtained at optimum conditions showed compact and smooth with nodular grains structure and exhibited high magnetic moments and low coercivety. Potentiodynamic polarization corrosion tests were used to study the general corrosion behavior of Al alloys, Ni-P and Ni-Co-P coatings in 3.5% NaCl solution. It was found that Ni-Co-P coated alloy demonstrated higher corrosion resistance than Ni-P coating containing same percent of P due to the Co addition. The Ni-Co-P coating with a combination of high corrosion resistance, high hardness and excellent magnetic properties would be expected to enlarge the applications of the aluminum alloys

Doping effects on structural and magnetic properties of Heusler alloys Fe2Cr1-xCoxSi

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Yifan; Ren, Lizhu; Zheng, Yuhong; He, Shikun; Liu, Yang; Yang, Ping; Yang, Hyunsoo; Teo, Kie Leong

2018-05-01

In this work, 30nm Fe2Cr1-xCoxSi (FCCS) magnetic films were deposited on Cr buffered MgO (100) substrates by sputtering. Fe2Cr0.5Co0.5Si exhibits the largest magnetization and optimal ordered L21 cubic structure at in-situ annealing temperature (Tia) of 450°C. The Co composition dependence of crystalline structures, surface morphology, defects, lattice distortions and their correlation with the magnetic properties are analyzed in detail. The Co-doped samples show in-plane M-H loops with magnetic squareness ratio of 1 and increasing anisotropy energy density with Co composition. Appropriate Co doping composition promotes L21 phase but higher Co composition converts L21 to B2 phase. Doping effect and lattice mismatch both are proved to increase the defect density. In addition, distortions of the FCCS lattice are found to be approximately linear with Co composition. The largest lattice distortion (c/a) is 0.969 for Fe2Cr0.25Co0.75Si and the smallest is 0.983 for Fe2CrSi. Our analyses suggest that these tetragonal distortions mainly induced by an elastic stress from Cr buffer account for the large in-plane anisotropy energy. This work paves the way for further tailoring the magnetic and structural properties of quaternary Heusler alloys.

Positron-annihilation 2D-ACAR studies of disordered and defected alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bansil, A.; Prasad, R.; Smedskjaer, L.C.; Benedek, R.; Mijnarends, P.E.

1987-09-01

Theoretical and experimental progess in connection with 2D-ACAR positron annihilation studies of ordered, disordered, and defected alloys is discussed. We present, in particular, some of the recent developments concerning the electronic structure of disordered alloys, and the work in the area of annihilation from positrons trapped at vacancy-type defects in metals and alloys. The electronic structure and properties of a number of compounds are also discussed briefly; we comment specifically on high T/sub c/ ceramic superconductors, Heusler alloys, and transition-metal aluminides. 58 refs., 116 figs

Ti2FeZ (Z=Al, Ga, Ge) alloys: Structural, electronic, and magnetic properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liping, Mao; Yongfan, Shi; Yu, Han

2014-01-01

Using the first-principle projector augmented wave potential within the generalized gradient approximation taking into account the on-site Coulomb repulsive, we investigate the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of Ti 2 FeZ (Z=Al, Ga, Ge) alloys with Hg 2 CuTi-type structure. These alloys are found to be half-metallic ferrimagnets. The total magnetic moments of the Heusler alloys Ti 2 FeZ follow the µ t =Z t −18 rule and agree with the Slater–Pauling curve quite well. The band gaps are mainly determined by the bonding and antibonding states created from the hybridizations of the d states between the Ti(A)–Ti(B) coupling and Fe atom. - Highlights: • Ti 2 FeZ (Z=Al, Ga, Ge) are found to be half-metallic ferrimagnets. • The band gaps are mainly determined by the hybridizations of the d states between the Ti(A)–Ti(B) coupling and Fe atom. • The s–p elements play an important role in the half-metallicity of these Heusler alloys

Application of machine-learning methods to solid-state chemistry: ferromagnetism in transition metal alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Landrum, G.A.Gregory A.; Genin, Hugh

2003-01-01

Machine-learning methods are a collection of techniques for building predictive models from experimental data. The algorithms are problem-independent: the chemistry and physics of the problem being studied are contained in the descriptors used to represent the known data. The application of a variety of machine-learning methods to the prediction of ferromagnetism in ordered and disordered transition metal alloys is presented. Applying a decision tree algorithm to build a predictive model for ordered phases results in a model that is 100% accurate. The same algorithm achieves 99% accuracy when trained on a data set containing both ordered and disordered phases. Details of the descriptor sets for both applications are also presented

Fiber laser drilling of Ni46Mn27Ga27 ferromagnetic shape memory alloy

Science.gov (United States)

Biffi, C. A.; Tuissi, A.

2014-11-01

The interest in ferromagnetic shape memory alloys (SMAs), such as NiMnGa, is increasing, thanks to the functional properties of these smart and functional materials. One of the most evident properties of these systems is their brittleness, which makes attractive the study of unconventional manufacturing processes, such as laser machining. In this work the interaction of laser beam, once focalized on the surface of Ni46Mn27Ga27 [at%] alloy, has been studied. The experiments were performed with a single laser pulse, using a 1 kW continuous wave fiber laser. The morphology of the laser machined surfaces was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, coupled with energetic dispersion spectroscopy for the measurement of the chemical composition. The results showed that the high quality of the laser beam, coupled with great irradiances available, allow for blind or through holes to be machined on 1.8 mm plates with a single pulse in the order of a few ms. Holes were produced with size in the range of 200-300 μm; despite the long pulse duration, low amount of melted material is produced around the hole periphery. No significant variation of the chemical composition has been detected on the entrance surfaces while the exit ones have been characterized by the loss of Ga content, due to its melting point being significantly lower with respect to the other alloying elements.

The half-metallic ferromagnetism character in Be1−xVxY (Y=Se and Te) alloys: An ab-initio study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sajjad, M.; Manzoor, Sadia; Zhang, H.X.; Noor, N.A.; Alay-e-Abbas, S.M.; Shaukat, A.; Khenata, R.

2015-01-01

Ab-initio calculations for V-doped BeSe and BeTe semiconductors are performed by means of all-electrons full-potential linearized augmented plane wave plus local orbital (FP-LAPW+lo) method. The structural properties are optimized using the Wu-Cohen generalized gradient approximation functional, whereas modified Becke and Jhonson local density approximation functional has been employed for evaluating the spin-polarized electronic and magnetic properties. Magnetic stability at various doping concentrations in ferromagnetic (FM) and anti-ferromagnetic (AFM) ordering is investigated by comparing the minimum total energies and enthalpies of formation (ΔH). Studied band structures, density of states, total energy, exchange interactions and magnetic moments manifest both alloys with half-metallic ferromagnetic behavior. Moreover, their valance bands are found to be paired ferromagnetically with V atoms. Furthermore, it was observed that the magnetic moment of vanadium atom reduces from free space charge value due to p–d hybridization which yields small magnetic moments on the Be, Se and Te sites. - Highlights: • Density functional calculations for V-doped BeSe and BeTe are performed. • V-doped BeSe and BeTe are found to be stable half-metallic ferromagnetism. • Improved electronic properties are achieved using mBJLDA which confirm HMF. • The half-metallic gaps show non-linear variation with increasing dopant concentration

Microstructure, martensitic transformation and anomalies in c′-softening in Co–Ni–Al ferromagnetic shape memory alloys

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Seiner, Hanuš; Kopeček, Jaromír; Sedlák, Petr; Bodnárová, Lucie; Landa, Michal; Sedmák, P.; Heczko, Oleg

2013-01-01

Roč. 61, č. 15 (2013), s. 5869-5876 ISSN 1359-6454 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA101/09/0702; GA ČR(CZ) GAP107/11/0391 Grant - others:Rada Programu interní podpory projektů mezinárodní spolupráce AV ČR(CZ) M100761203 Program:M Institutional support: RVO:61388998 ; RVO:68378271 Keywords : ferromagnetic shape memory alloys * resonant ultrasound spectroscopy * premartensitic phenomena Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism; BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism (FZU-D) Impact factor: 3.940, year: 2013 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359645413004679

Effect of Dy addition on mechanical and magnetic properties of Mn-rich Ni–Mn–Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gao, L.; Dong, G.F.; Gao, Z.Y.; Cai, W.

2012-01-01

Highlights: ► The Dy addition significantly improves the compressive properties of Ni–Mn–Ga alloy. ► The mechanism of the improved mechanical properties by adding Dy is discussed. ► Dy doping results in a change of the fracture type of Ni–Mn–Ga alloy. ► Curie temperature almost remained unchanged at low Dy content and then decreases. - Abstract: The effects of partial substitution of rare earth Dy for Ga on the mechanical and magnetic properties of Mn-rich Ni 50 Mn 29 Ga 21−x Dy x (0 ≤ x ≤ 5) ferromagnetic shape memory alloys were investigated in detail. The results show that an appropriate amount of Dy addition significantly improves the mechanical properties of Ni–Mn–Ga alloy. With an increase in Dy content, the compressive strength enhances rapidly at first and then becomes stable when the Dy content is more than 1 at.%. However, the compressive strain increases dramatically and reaches a maximum value with 1 at.% Dy addition. Further increase in Dy content makes the compressive strain of the alloys decrease gradually. The mechanism of the improved mechanical properties is also discussed. Moreover, Dy doping changes the fracture type from intergranular fracture of Ni–Mn–Ga alloy to transgranular cleavage fracture of Ni–Mn–Ga–Dy alloys. The Curie temperature remains almost unchanged at low Dy content and subsequently decreases.

Pressure dependence of the magnetic properties of various weakly ferromagnetic transition metal alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Buis, N.

1979-01-01

A large number of experimental results are summarized obtained in an apparatus designed for the measurement of magnetization under high pressures (up to 5k bar gas pressure), at temperatures from 4.2K to room temperature and in magnetic fields up to 5.1 T. Two alloy systems studied were Zr (Fesub(1-x)Cosub(x)) 2 and Y(Fesub(x)Cosub(1-x)) 2 and no consistent picture could be deduced from the large pressure effects on the magnetization. Apparently, one cannot apply the model for weak itinerant ferromagnetism on Zr(Fesub(1-x)Cosub(x)) 2 or a simple giant moment model on Y(Fesub(x)Cosub(1-x)) 2 with small iron content, because the magnetic behaviour of both systems is too complicated. (C.F.)

Effect of on-site Coulomb interaction on electronic and transport properties of 100% spin polarized CoMnVAs

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bhat, Tahir Mohiuddin; Gupta, Dinesh C., E-mail: sosfizix@gmail.com

2017-08-01

Highlights: • 100% spin-polarized material important for the application in spintronics. • Ferromagnetic nature. • Ductile in nature for mechanical applications. • Semiconducting behavior with a band gap of 0.55 eV in minority spin channel. • Possibly efficient thermoelectric material. - Abstract: The structural, electronic, magnetic and transport properties of a new quaternary Heusler alloy CoMnVAs have been investigated by employing generalized gradient approximation (GGA), modified Becke-Johnson (mBJ) and GGA with Hubbard U correction (GGA + U). The alloy is energetically more stable in ferromagnetic Y{sub 1} type structure. Elastic parameters reveal high anisotropy and ductile nature of the material. CoMnVAs shows half-metallic ferromagnet character with 100% spin polarization at Fermi level with band gap of 0.55 eV in the minority spin state. The alloy also possesses high electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficients with 15 μVK{sup −1} at room temperature, achieving a figure of merit of 0.65 at high temperatures. The high degree of ductility, 100% spin polarization and large Seebeck coefficient, makes it an attractive candidate to be used in spin voltage generators and thermoelectric materials.

Effect of Annealing in Magnetic Field on Ferromagnetic Nanoparticle Formation in Cu-Al-Mn Alloy with Induced Martensite Transformation.

Science.gov (United States)

Titenko, Anatoliy; Demchenko, Lesya

2016-12-01

The paper considers the influence of aging of high-temperature phase on subsequent martensitic transformation in Cu-Al-Mn alloy. The morphology of behavior of martensitic transformation as a result of alloy aging under annealing in a constant magnetic field with different sample orientation relatively to the field direction and without field was studied for direct control of the processes of martensite induction at cooling. Temperature dependences of electrical resistance, magnetic susceptibility, and magnetization, as well as field dependences of magnetization, and phase composition were found. The tendency to the oriented growth of precipitated ferromagnetic phase nanoparticles in a direction of applied field and to an increase of their volume fraction under thermal magnetic treatment of material that favors a reversibility of induced martensitic transformation is observed.

First-principles study of mechanical, exchange interactions and the robustness in Co{sub 2}MnSi full Heusler compounds

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Akriche, A., E-mail: akricheahmed@gmail.com [Laboratoire de Microscope Electronique et Sciences des Matériaux, Université d’Oran des Sciences et de la Technologie-USTO, Mohamed Boudiaf, Faculté de physique, Département de Génie Physique, Oran (Algeria); Bouafia, H. [Laboratoire de Génie Physique, Université Ibn-Khaldoun, Tiaret 14000 (Algeria); Hiadsi, S. [Laboratoire de Microscope Electronique et Sciences des Matériaux, Université d’Oran des Sciences et de la Technologie-USTO, Mohamed Boudiaf, Faculté de physique, Département de Génie Physique, Oran (Algeria); Abidri, B. [Laboratoire des Matériaux Magnétiques, Université Djillali Liabés, Sidi Bel-Abbes (Algeria); Sahli, B. [Laboratoire de Génie Physique, Université Ibn-Khaldoun, Tiaret 14000 (Algeria); Elchikh, M.; Timaoui, M.A.; Djebour, B. [Laboratoire de Microscope Electronique et Sciences des Matériaux, Université d’Oran des Sciences et de la Technologie-USTO, Mohamed Boudiaf, Faculté de physique, Département de Génie Physique, Oran (Algeria)

2017-01-15

In this work we report the results of ab-initio studies of structural, mechanical, electronic and magnetic properties of Co based Co{sub 2}MnSi Heusler compound in stoichiometric composition. All of which are accurately calculated by the full-potential (FP-LMTO) program combined with the spin polarized generalized gradient approximation in the density functional formalism (DFT). The total energy calculations clearly favor the ferromagnetic ground state. The lattice parameter, elastic constants and their related parameters were also evaluated and compared to experimental and theoretical values whenever possible. In this paper, the electronic properties are treated with GGA+U approach. The magnetic exchange constants temperature has been calculated using a mean field-approximation (MFA). The half-metal to metal transition was observed around 40 GPa. Increasing pressure has no impact on the total magnetic moment or the overall shape of the band structure that indicates the robustness of the electronic structure of this system. - Highlights: • In this work, we have studied some physical properties of Co{sub 2}MnSi Heusler compound. • The exchange-correlation energy is treated within GGA and (GGA+U) approximation. • The electronic band structure shows that Co{sub 2}MnSi is a half-metallic compound.

Spin-filter and spin-gapless semiconductors: The case of Heusler compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Galanakis, I.; Özdoğan, K.; Şaşıoğlu, E.

2016-01-01

We review our recent first-principles results on the inverse Heusler compounds and the ordered quaternary (also known as LiMgPdSn-type) Heusler compounds. Among these two subfamilies of the full-Heusler compounds, several have been shown to be magnetic semiconductors. Such material can find versatile applications, e.g. as spin-filter materials in magnetic tunnel junctions. Finally, a special case are the spin-gapless semiconductors, where the energy gap at the Fermi level for the one spin-direction is almost vanishing, offering novel functionalities in spintronic/magnetoelectronic devices.

Element-specific ferromagnetic resonance in epitaxial Heusler spin valve systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Klaer, P; Jorge, E Arbelo; Jourdan, M; Elmers, H J [Institut fuer Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universitaet Mainz, D-55128 Mainz (Germany); Hoffmann, F; Woltersdorf, G; Back, C H, E-mail: elmers@uni-mainz.de [Institut fuer Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universitaet Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg (Germany)

2011-10-26

Time-resolved x-ray magnetic circular dichroism was used to investigate epitaxial MgO(100)/Co{sub 2}Cr{sub 0.6}Fe{sub 0.4}Al and MgO(100)/Co{sub 2}Cr{sub 0.6}Fe{sub 0.4}Al/Cr/CoFe films. The precessional motion of the individual sublattice magnetization, excited by continuous microwave excitation in the range 2-10 GHz, was detected by tuning the x-ray photon energy to the L{sub 3} absorption edges of Cr, Fe and Co. The relative phase angle of the sublattice magnetization's response is smaller than the detection limit of 2{sup 0}. A weakly antiferromagnetically coupled CoFe layer causes an increase in the ferromagnetic resonance linewidth consisting of a constant offset and a component linearly increasing with frequency that we partly attribute to non-local damping due to spin pumping.

Short-range ferromagnetism in alloy ribbons of Fe-Cr-Si-Nb-(Ag, Cu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

THANH, P. Q.; HOA, N. Q.; CHAU, N. [Vietnam National University, Hanoi (Viet Nam); HUU, C. X. [Danang University of Technology, Danang (Viet Nam); NGO, D. T. [Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby (Denmark); PHAN, T. L. [Chungbuk National University, Cheongju (Korea, Republic of)

2014-04-15

We have studied the magnetic properties of two amorphous alloy ribbons Fe{sub 72}Cr{sub 6}Si{sub 4}Nb{sub 5}B{sub 12}Ag{sub 1} (FCSNB-Ag) and Fe{sub 72}Cr{sub 6}Si{sub 4}Nb{sub 5}B{sub 12}Cu{sub 1} (FCSNB-Cu), prepared by using a melt-spinning technique. Magnetization (M) measurements for various temperatures (T) and magnetic fields (H) indicate that ferromagnetic-paramagnetic (FM-PM) phase transitions take place in FCSNB-Ag and FCSNB-Cu at Curie temperatures (T{sub C} ) of about 308.3 K and 322.5 K, respectively. Analyses of M - H data at different temperatures in the vicinity of the FM-PM phase transition based on the modified Arrott plot method and scaling hypothesis yielded the exponent values of β = 0.369 ± 0.005, γ = 1.359 ± 0.005 and δ = 4.7 ± 0.1 for FCSNB-Ag, and β = 0.376 ± 0.002, γ = 1.315 ± 0.006 and δ = 4.5 ± 0.1 for FCSNB-Cu. Compared with the values from theoretical models, these values are close to those expected for the 3D Heisenberg model, demonstrating the existence of short-range FM order in the amorphous alloy ribbons.

Mechanically induced demagnetization and remanent magnetization rotation in Ni-Mn-Ga (-B) magnetic shape memory alloy

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Straka, L.; Soroka, A.; Heczko, Oleg; Hänninen, H.; Sozinov, A.

2014-01-01

Roč. 87, SEP (2014), s. 25-28 ISSN 1359-6462 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GAP107/11/0391 Grant - others:AV ČR(CZ) M100101241 Institutional support: RVO:68378271 Keywords : heusler phases * ferromagnetic shape memory * magnetic properties * coercivity Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism Impact factor: 3.224, year: 2014 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359646214002176

A comparative study of critical phenomena and magnetocaloric properties of ferromagnetic ternary alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Yüksel, Yusuf; Akinci, Ümit

2018-01-01

Magnetic and magnetocaloric properties, as well as the phase diagrams of a ferromagnetic ternary alloy system have been studied. A detailed comparison of two different methods, namely the effective field theory (EFT), and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations has been provided. Our numerical data show that the general qualitative picture presented by two methods are in a good agreement with each other. In terms of the magnetocaloric properties, our results yield that it is possible to design magnetic materials with a variety of working temperatures and magnetocaloric properties (such as large ΔSM and q values) by manipulating the magnetic phase transition via tuning the compositional factor (i.e. the mixing ratio of sublattice ions). The observed magnetocaloric effect has been found to be a direct one with ΔSM < 0 associated with a second order phase transition.

Structural and magnetic stability of Fe2NiSi

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gupta, Dinesh C.; Bhat, Idris Hamid; Chauhan, Mamta

2014-01-01

Full-potential ab-initio calculations in the stable F-43m phase have been performed to investigate the structural and magnetic properties of Fe 2 NiSi inverse Heusler alloys. The spin magnetic moment distributions show that present material is ferromagnetic in stable F-43m phase. Further, spin resolved electronic structure calculations show that the discrepancy in magnetic moments of Fe-I and Fe-II depend upon the hybridization of Fe with the main group element. It is found that the main group electron concentration is predominantly responsible in establishing the magnetic properties, formation of magnetic moments and the magnetic order for present alloy

Structural and magnetic stability of Fe{sub 2}NiSi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gupta, Dinesh C., E-mail: idu.idris@gmail.com; Bhat, Idris Hamid, E-mail: idu.idris@gmail.com; Chauhan, Mamta, E-mail: idu.idris@gmail.com [Condensed Matter Theory Group, School of Studies in Physics, Jiwaji University, Gwalior - 474011 (India)

2014-04-24

Full-potential ab-initio calculations in the stable F-43m phase have been performed to investigate the structural and magnetic properties of Fe{sub 2}NiSi inverse Heusler alloys. The spin magnetic moment distributions show that present material is ferromagnetic in stable F-43m phase. Further, spin resolved electronic structure calculations show that the discrepancy in magnetic moments of Fe-I and Fe-II depend upon the hybridization of Fe with the main group element. It is found that the main group electron concentration is predominantly responsible in establishing the magnetic properties, formation of magnetic moments and the magnetic order for present alloy.

Synthesis and thermoelectric properties of fine-grained FeVSb system half-Heusler compound polycrystals with high phase purity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zou Minmin; Li Jingfeng; Guo Peijun; Kita, Takuji

2010-01-01

Nearly single-phased FeVSb half-Heusler compound thermoelectric materials with fine grains of diameter 100-200 nm were prepared from their elemental powders by combining mechanical alloying (MA) and spark plasma sintering. The resultant bulk samples showed a relatively low room-temperature electrical resistivity on the order of 10 μΩm, and a moderate negative Seebeck coefficient with a maximum value of -175 μV K -1 at 300 0 C. It was found that proper excessive addition of V relative to the stoichiometric composition (FeVSb) during MA enhanced the phase purity and hence the power factor of the spark plasma sintered samples, resulting in a large power factor value of 2480 μW m -1 K -2 when the elemental powders were mixed with the composition FeV 1.15 Sb. Its thermal conductivity was significantly reduced mainly due to refined grain sizes, resulting in a high dimensionless figure of merit ZT of 0.31 at a low-to-mid temperature (300 0 C) as for undoped half-Heusler compounds.

Growth and transport properties of thin Co-based Heusler films; Wachstum und Transporteigenschaften duenner Co-basierter Heusler-Filme

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schneider, Horst

2010-07-01

half-metallic Heusler compounds. The availableness of these high quality quaternary alloy films allowed the systematic investigation of their electronic properties. Band structure calculations predict that the substitution of Mn by Fe leads to a shift of the Fermi energy over the minority energy gap, whereas the density of states remains nearly unchanged. The corresponding changes in the topology of the Fermi surface could be tested by electronic transport measurements. This is particularly obvious in the normal Hall effect. Here a transition from a hole-like charge transport in Co{sub 2}MnSi to an electron-like transport in Co{sub 2}FeSi could be demonstrated. This is in accordance with the corresponding band structure calculations. Additionally, with these samples comparative XMCD experiments were performed. The densities of states reconstructed from these spectra show the expected shift of the Fermi energy as well. Furthermore, the behavior of the anomalous Hall effect was studied. Here it could be seen that the effect is influenced by two mechanisms: On the one hand an intrinsic contribution, caused by the topology of the Fermi surface and on the other hand by temperature dependent impurity scattering. These two effects have an opposing influence on the anomalous Hall effect. This can lead to an observable sign reversal of the anomalous contribution. This behavior has been predicted just recently and was in this work systematically investigated for the first time for Heusler compounds. (orig.)

Near total magnetic moment compensation with high Curie temperature in Mn2V0.5Co0.5Z (Z  =  Ga,Al) Heusler alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Midhunlal, P. V.; Arout Chelvane, J.; Arjun Krishnan, U. M.; Prabhu, D.; Gopalan, R.; Kumar, N. Harish

2018-02-01

Mn2V1-x Co x Z (Z  =  Ga,Al and x  =  0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1) Heusler alloys have been synthesized to investigate the effect of Co substitution at the V site on the magnetic moment and Curie temperature of half-metallic ferrimagnets Mn2VGa and Mn2VAl. Near total magnetic moment compensation was achieved with high Curie temperature for x  =  0.5 composition. The Co substituted alloys show a non linear decrease in lattice parameter without altering the crystal structure of the parent alloys. The end members Mn2VGa and Mn2CoGa have the saturation magnetization of 1.80 µ B/f.u. and 2.05 µ B/f.u. respectively whereas for the Mn2V0.5Co0.5Ga alloy, a near total magnetic moment compensation (0.10 µ B/f.u.) was observed due to the ferrimagnetic coupling of Mn with parallelly aligned V and Co. The Co substituted Mn2VAl has also shown a similar trend with compensated magnetic moment value of 0.06 µ B/f.u. for x  =  0.5. The Curie temperatures of the alloys including the x  =  0.5 composition are well above the room temperature (more than 650 K) which is in sharp contrast to the earlier reported values of 171 K for the (MnCo)VGa and 105 K for the (MnCo)VAl (substitution at the Mn site). The observed T C values are highest among the Mn2V based fully compensated ferrimagnets. The magnetic moment compensation without significant reduction in T C indicates that the V site substitution of Co does not weaken the magnetic interaction in Mn2VZ (Z  =  Ga,Al) alloys which is contrary to the earlier experimental reports on Mn site substitution.

The magnetic hyperfine field in the 181Ta site in the Co2HfAl and Co2HfGa Heusler alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva, R. da.

1979-01-01

The hyperfine magnetic fields at 181 Ta nuclei in Heusler alloys Co 2 HfZ (Z=Al, Ga) have been measured using the time differential perturbed gamma-gamma angular correlation (TDPAC) method. The hyperfine fields obtained from these measurements at the liquid nitrogen temperature are -189 and +- 150 kOersted for Co 2 HfAl and Co 2 HfGa, respectively. The concept that the hyperfine field at the Y site is similar to the solute fields in Fe, Co, Ni and Gd matrices is corroborated. We have verified that ratios H sub(hf) sub(Ta)/T sub(c) and H sub(hf) sub(Ta)μ sub(Co) in Co 2 HfZ compounds (Z=Al, Ga, Sn) do not depend on the nature of Z element. However a dependence in the value of observed field with the s-p element in Z site was noticed. We feel that the samples are not completely ordered cubic as observed by the quadrupole interaction measurements. The results are interpreted in terms of the Campbell-Blandin formalism, and it is shown that the spin polarization of conduction electrons at Hf and Ta have opposite signs. (Author) [pt

First-principles study on the thermodynamic stability, magnetism, and half-metallicity of full-Heusler alloy Ti{sub 2}FeGe (001) surface

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hu, Yan; Zhang, Jian-Min, E-mail: jmzhang@snnu.edu.cn

2017-05-10

For the Ti{sub 2}FeGe Heusler alloy, the surface stability, electronic and magnetic properties of the various (001) surfaces have been studied by using first-principles calculations. The TiGe termination is the most stable one while the GeGe* termination is the most unstable one. Both the density of states (DOS) and atomic magnetic moments (AMMs) of the central layers are similar to the corresponding bulk characters due to no influence of surface effect as we expected. The TiGe termination has the highest spin polarization 96.67%, followed by the TiFe (67.17%), GeGe* (66.51%) and FeFe* terminations (62.02%). The TiTi* terminations has the lowest spin polarization 61.31%. The magnetic moments for atoms on the surfaces and subsurfaces of these terminations are different from the bulk case. - Highlights: • TiGe termination is the most stable while GeGe* termination is the most unstable. • TiGe termination has the highest spin polarization followed by TiFe, GeGe*, FeFe* and TiTi*. • Atomic magnetic moments at the (001) surfaces are greatly different from the bulk values.

Manipulating magnetic anisotropy of the ultrathin Co2FeAl full-Heusler alloy film via growth orientation of the Pt buffer layer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wen, F.S.; Xiang, J.Y.; Hao, C.X.; Zhang, F.; Lv, Y.F.; Wang, W.H.; Hu, W.T.; Liu, Z.Y.

2013-01-01

The ultrathin films of Co 2 FeAl (CFA) full-Heusler alloy were prepared between two Pt layers on MgO single crystals by magnetron sputtering. By controlling the substrate temperature, different growth orientations of the Pt underlayers were realized, and their effects were investigated on the magnetic anisotropy of the ultrathin CFA film. It was revealed that different Pt orientations lead to distinctly different magnetic anisotropy for the sandwiched ultrathin CFA films. The Pt (111) orientation favors the perpendicular anisotropy, while the appearance of partial Pt (001) orientation leads to the quick decrease of perpendicular anisotropy and the complete Pt (001) orientation gives rise to the in-plane anisotropy. With the Pt (111) orientation, the temperature and thickness-induced spin reorientation transitions were investigated in the sandwiched ultrathin CFA films. - Highlights: • Different Pt orientations lead to different magnetic anisotropy for sandwiched ultrathin CFA films. • The Pt (111) orientation favors the perpendicular anisotropy for CFA layer. • Temperature and thickness-induced spin reorientation transitions were investigated in sandwiched ultrathin CFA films. • 0.8 nm CFA film is good candidate as electrode in magnetic tunnel junctions

Magnetic and anomalous magnetic viscosity in the bulk amorphous ferromagnet Pr58Fe24Al18 and partially amorphous ferromagnet Pr60Fe24Al16

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Collocott, S.J.; Dunlop, J.B.

2009-01-01

A number of ferromagnetic Pr-Fe-Al alloys have been prepared by argon arc melting and quenching into a copper mould. The alloy of composition Pr 58 Fe 24 Al 18 is identified as being amorphous (bulk metallic glass or bulk amorphous ferromagnet), and a range of magnetic measurements have been performed to explore differences and similarities between it and a partially amorphous alloy, containing a significant crystalline fraction, Pr 60 Fe 24 Al 16 . For both alloys, measurements of the irreversible susceptibility, and magnetic viscosity on the major hysteresis loop are reported. From the magnetic viscosity data, the fluctuation field is determined. The behaviour of the anomalous magnetic viscosity (non-monotonic behaviour of the magnetic viscosity, where the magnetisation as a function of time is seen to increase, reach a peak, and then decrease), on the recoil curve that leads to the dc demagnetised state is investigated. Both alloys display non-monotonic behaviour. After dc demagnetisation, spontaneous remagnetisation is observed in both alloys, and some comments are made on the thermal remagnetisation behaviour of the amorphous alloy. The anomalous magnetic viscosity is interpreted in the context of the Preisach model, as it predicts a simple functional relationship between the time taken to reach a peak and the applied magnetic field. The experimental data for both alloys is in good agreement with this prediction.

Magnetic damping phenomena in ferromagnetic thin-films and multilayers

Science.gov (United States)

Azzawi, S.; Hindmarch, A. T.; Atkinson, D.

2017-11-01

Damped ferromagnetic precession is an important mechanism underpinning the magnetisation processes in ferromagnetic materials. In thin-film ferromagnets and ferromagnetic/non-magnetic multilayers, the role of precession and damping can be critical for spintronic device functionality and as a consequence there has been significant research activity. This paper presents a review of damping in ferromagnetic thin-films and multilayers and collates the results of many experimental studies to present a coherent synthesis of the field. The terms that are used to define damping are discussed with the aim of providing consistent definitions for damping phenomena. A description of the theoretical basis of damping is presented from early developments to the latest discussions of damping in ferromagnetic thin-films and multilayers. An overview of the time and frequency domain methods used to study precessional magnetisation behaviour and damping in thin-films and multilayers is also presented. Finally, a review of the experimental observations of magnetic damping in ferromagnetic thin-films and multilayers is presented with the most recent explanations. This brings together the results from many studies and includes the effects of ferromagnetic film thickness, the effects of composition on damping in thin-film ferromagnetic alloys, the influence of non-magnetic dopants in ferromagnetic films and the effects of combining thin-film ferromagnets with various non-magnetic layers in multilayered configurations.

Termination layer compensated tunnelling magnetoresistance in ferrimagnetic Heusler compounds with high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy.

Science.gov (United States)

Jeong, Jaewoo; Ferrante, Yari; Faleev, Sergey V; Samant, Mahesh G; Felser, Claudia; Parkin, Stuart S P

2016-01-18

Although high-tunnelling spin polarization has been observed in soft, ferromagnetic, and predicted for hard, ferrimagnetic Heusler materials, there has been no experimental observation to date of high-tunnelling magnetoresistance in the latter. Here we report the preparation of highly textured, polycrystalline Mn3Ge films on amorphous substrates, with very high magnetic anisotropy fields exceeding 7 T, making them technologically relevant. However, the small and negative tunnelling magnetoresistance that we find is attributed to predominant tunnelling from the lower moment Mn-Ge termination layers that are oppositely magnetized to the higher moment Mn-Mn layers. The net spin polarization of the current reflects the different proportions of the two distinct termination layers and their associated tunnelling matrix elements that result from inevitable atomic scale roughness. We show that by engineering the spin polarization of the two termination layers to be of the same sign, even though these layers are oppositely magnetized, high-tunnelling magnetoresistance is possible.

Evolution of ferromagnetic interactions from cluster spin glass state in Co–Ga alloy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mohammad Yasin, Sk. [Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036 (India); Saha, Ritwik [Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005 (India); Srinivas, V., E-mail: veeturi@iitm.ac.in [Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036 (India); Kasiviswanathan, S. [Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036 (India); Nigam, A.K. [Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005 (India)

2016-11-15

Low temperature magnetic properties of binary Co{sub x}Ga{sub 100−x} (x=54–57) alloy have been investigated. Analysis of frequency dependence of ac susceptibility provided a conclusive evidence for the existence of cluster spin glass like behavior with the freezing temperature ~8, 14 K for x=54, 55.5 respectively. The parameters for conventional ‘slowing down’ of the spin dynamics have been extracted from the acs data, which confirm the presence of glassy phase. The magnitude of Mydosh parameter obtained from the fits is larger than that reported for typical canonical spin glasses and smaller than those for non-interacting ideal superparamagnetic systems but comparable to those of known cluster-glass systems. Memory phenomena using specific cooling protocols also support the spin-glass features in Co{sub 55.5}Ga{sub 44.5} composition. Further the development of ferromagnetic clusters from the cluster spin glass state has been observed in x=57 composition. - Highlights: • Temperature dependence of DC and AC susceptibility (acs) analysis has been carried out on Co{sub x}Ga{sub 1−x,} (x=54–57). • M–H data above transition suggests presence of spin clusters. • A detailed analysis of acs data suggests a cluster glass behavior as oppose to SPM state for x=54 and 55.5. • Memory phenomena using specific cooling protocols also support the spin-glass features in Co{sub 55.5}Ga{sub 44.5} composition. • Development of ferromagnetic like behavior for x≥57 has been suggested from DC and AC magnetization data.

Tuning magneto-structural properties of Ni{sub 44}Co{sub 6}Mn{sub 39}Sn{sub 11} Heusler alloy ribbons by Fe-doping

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wójcik, Anna, E-mail: a.wojcik@imim.pl [Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, 25 Reymonta Street, 30-059 Kraków (Poland); Maziarz, Wojciech; Szczerba, Maciej J. [Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, 25 Reymonta Street, 30-059 Kraków (Poland); Sikora, Marcin [Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków (Poland); Dutkiewicz, Jan [Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, 25 Reymonta Street, 30-059 Kraków (Poland); Cesari, Eduard [Departament de Física, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra. De Valldemossa, km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca (Spain)

2016-07-15

Graphical abstract: - Highlights: • Fe substitution for Ni in Ni{sub 44}Co{sub 6}Mn{sub 39}Sn{sub 11} causes a drastic decrease of M{sub T} temperature. • The type of structure changes with increasing of iron (12M → 10M + L2{sub 1} → L2{sub 1}). • Content of Fe above 1 at.% has a negative influence on magneto-structural properties. - Abstract: Microstructure, martensitic transformation behavior and magnetic properties of Ni{sub 44−x}Fe{sub x}Co{sub 6}Mn{sub 39}Sn{sub 11} (x = 0, 1, 2 at.%) melt spun ribbons have been investigated. The influence of iron addition has been thoroughly studied by means of electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and vibrating sample magnetometry. The results show that addition of 1 at.% of iron into quaternary Ni–Co–Mn–Sn Heusler alloy drastically decreases the martensitic transformation temperature by more than 100 K. Higher concentration of iron leads to complete suppression of martensitic transition. The structure of samples change from fully martensite (12 M) through mixed austenite-martensite (L2{sub 1} + 10 M) to fully austenite (L2{sub 1}) with increase of iron content. Addition of 1 at.% of iron leads to enhance magnetization of both austenitic and martensitic phases and also a small increase of Curie temperature occurs. The largest change of magnetic entropy under 15 kOe measured 2.9 and 0.65 J kg{sup −1} K{sup −1} for alloys where x = 0 and 1, respectively.

The half-metallic ferromagnetism character in Be{sub 1−x}V{sub x}Y (Y=Se and Te) alloys: An ab-initio study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sajjad, M. [School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876 (China); Manzoor, Sadia [Department of Physics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, 54590 Lahore (Pakistan); Zhang, H.X. [School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876 (China); Beijing Key Laboratory of Work Safety Intelligent Monitoring, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876 (China); Noor, N.A. [Department of Physics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, 54590 Lahore (Pakistan); Alay-e-Abbas, S.M. [Department of Physics, GC University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000 (Pakistan); Department of Physics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100 (Pakistan); Shaukat, A. [Department of Physics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100 (Pakistan); Khenata, R., E-mail: khenata_rabah@yahoo.fr [Laboratoire de Physique Quantique et de Modélisation Mathématique (LPQ3M), Département de Technologie, Université de Mascara, Mascara 29000 (Algeria)

2015-04-01

Ab-initio calculations for V-doped BeSe and BeTe semiconductors are performed by means of all-electrons full-potential linearized augmented plane wave plus local orbital (FP-LAPW+lo) method. The structural properties are optimized using the Wu-Cohen generalized gradient approximation functional, whereas modified Becke and Jhonson local density approximation functional has been employed for evaluating the spin-polarized electronic and magnetic properties. Magnetic stability at various doping concentrations in ferromagnetic (FM) and anti-ferromagnetic (AFM) ordering is investigated by comparing the minimum total energies and enthalpies of formation (ΔH). Studied band structures, density of states, total energy, exchange interactions and magnetic moments manifest both alloys with half-metallic ferromagnetic behavior. Moreover, their valance bands are found to be paired ferromagnetically with V atoms. Furthermore, it was observed that the magnetic moment of vanadium atom reduces from free space charge value due to p–d hybridization which yields small magnetic moments on the Be, Se and Te sites. - Highlights: • Density functional calculations for V-doped BeSe and BeTe are performed. • V-doped BeSe and BeTe are found to be stable half-metallic ferromagnetism. • Improved electronic properties are achieved using mBJLDA which confirm HMF. • The half-metallic gaps show non-linear variation with increasing dopant concentration.

A geometrical approach to determine reorientation start and continuation conditions in ferromagnetic shape memory alloys considering the effects of loading history

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shirani, M; Kadkhodaei, M

2014-01-01

Ferromagnetic shape memory alloys (FSMAs) and magnetic shape memory alloys (MSMAs) are metallic alloys that can undergo inelastic responses when exposed to magnetic fields. Several constitutive models have been proposed so far to model the behaviors of FSMAs. In this work, the effects of loading history on reorientation start conditions are considered, and it is shown that reorientation start conditions are not fixed values; rather, they change with respect to the amount of loading history. To consider the effects of loading history on reorientation start conditions, an available phase diagram in stress-field space is generalized to reorientation surfaces in stress-field-loading history space. Correspondingly, kinetic laws are derived in a continuum framework to be used with the reorientation surfaces to determine the amount of the martensitic variant 2 volume fraction. Based on the geometry of the reorientation surfaces, conditions that must be satisfied to ensure the continuation of reorientations are obtained. Available experimental findings validate the proposed model and the reorientation surfaces. (paper)

Manipulating magnetic anisotropy of the ultrathin Co{sub 2}FeAl full-Heusler alloy film via growth orientation of the Pt buffer layer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wen, F.S., E-mail: wenfsh03@126.com [State Key Lab of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004 (China); Xiang, J.Y.; Hao, C.X.; Zhang, F.; Lv, Y.F. [State Key Lab of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004 (China); Wang, W.H. [Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100080 (China); Hu, W.T.; Liu, Z.Y. [State Key Lab of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004 (China)

2013-12-15

The ultrathin films of Co{sub 2}FeAl (CFA) full-Heusler alloy were prepared between two Pt layers on MgO single crystals by magnetron sputtering. By controlling the substrate temperature, different growth orientations of the Pt underlayers were realized, and their effects were investigated on the magnetic anisotropy of the ultrathin CFA film. It was revealed that different Pt orientations lead to distinctly different magnetic anisotropy for the sandwiched ultrathin CFA films. The Pt (111) orientation favors the perpendicular anisotropy, while the appearance of partial Pt (001) orientation leads to the quick decrease of perpendicular anisotropy and the complete Pt (001) orientation gives rise to the in-plane anisotropy. With the Pt (111) orientation, the temperature and thickness-induced spin reorientation transitions were investigated in the sandwiched ultrathin CFA films. - Highlights: • Different Pt orientations lead to different magnetic anisotropy for sandwiched ultrathin CFA films. • The Pt (111) orientation favors the perpendicular anisotropy for CFA layer. • Temperature and thickness-induced spin reorientation transitions were investigated in sandwiched ultrathin CFA films. • 0.8 nm CFA film is good candidate as electrode in magnetic tunnel junctions.

Ductile shape memory alloys of the Cu-Al-Mn system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kainuma, R.; Takahashi, S.; Ishida, K.

1995-01-01

Cu-Al-Mn shape memory alloys with enhanced ductility have been developed by decreasing the degree of order in the β parent phase. Cu-Al-Mn alloys with Al contents lower than 18% exhibit good ductility with elongations of about 15% and excellent cold-workability arising from a lower degree of order in the Heusler (L21) β 1 parent phase, without any loss in their shape memory behavior. In this paper the mechanical and shape memory characteristics, such as the cold-workability, the Ms temperatures, the shape memory effect and the pseudo-elasticity of such ductile Cu-Al-Mn alloys are presented. (orig.)

Observation of Dirac state in half-Heusler material YPtBi

OpenAIRE

Hosen, M. Mofazzel; Dhakal, Gyanendra; Dimitri, Klauss; Choi, Hongchul; Kabir, Firoza; Sims, Christopher; Pavlosiuk, Orest; Wisniewski, Piotr; Durakiewicz, Tomasz; Zhu, Jian-Xin; Kaczorowski, Dariusz; Neupane, Madhab

2018-01-01

The prediction of non-trivial topological electronic states hosted by half-Heusler compounds makes them prime candidates for discovering new physics and devices as they harbor a variety of electronic ground states including superconductivity, magnetism, and heavy fermion behavior. Here we report normal state electronic properties of a superconducting half-Heusler compound YPtBi using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). Our data reveal the presence of a Dirac state at the zone c...

Co and In doped Ni-Mn-Ga magnetic shape memory alloys: a thorough structural, magnetic and magnetocaloric study

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Fabbrici, S.; Porcari, G.; Cugini, F.; Solzi, M.; Kamarád, Jiří; Arnold, Zdeněk; Cabassi, R.; Albertini, F.

2014-01-01

Roč. 16, č. 4 (2014), s. 2204-2222 ISSN 1099-4300 Institutional support: RVO:68378271 Keywords : magnetic shape memory materials * magnetocaloric effect * multifunctional Heusler alloys Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism Impact factor: 1.502, year: 2014

Carrier concentration induced ferromagnetism in semiconductors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Story, T.

2007-01-01

In semiconductor spintronics the key materials issue concerns ferromagnetic semiconductors that would, in particular, permit an integration (in a single multilayer heterostructure) of standard electronic functions of semiconductors with magnetic memory function. Although classical semiconductor materials, such as Si or GaAs, are nonmagnetic, upon substitutional incorporation of magnetic ions (typically of a few atomic percents of Mn 2+ ions) and very heavy doping with conducting carriers (at the level of 10 20 - 10 21 cm -3 ) a ferromagnetic transition can be induced in such diluted magnetic semiconductors (also known as semimagnetic semiconductors). In the lecture the spectacular experimental observations of carrier concentration induced ferromagnetism will be discussed for three model semiconductor crystals. p - Ga 1-x Mn x As currently the most actively studied and most perspective ferromagnetic semiconductor of III-V group, in which ferromagnetism appears due to Mn ions providing both local magnetic moments and acting as acceptor centers. p - Sn 1-x Mn x Te and p - Ge 1-x Mn x Te classical diluted magnetic semiconductors of IV-VI group, in which paramagnet-ferromagnet and ferromagnet-spin glass transitions are found for very high hole concentration. n - Eu 1-x Gd x Te mixed magnetic crystals, in which the substitution of Gd 3+ ions for Eu 2+ ions creates very high electron concentration and transforms antiferromagnetic EuTe (insulating compound) into ferromagnetic n-type semiconductor alloy. For each of these materials systems the key physical features will be discussed concerning: local magnetic moments formation, magnetic phase diagram as a function of magnetic ions and carrier concentration as well as Curie temperature and magnetic anisotropy engineering. Various theoretical models proposed to explain the effect of carrier concentration induced ferromagnetism in semiconductors will be briefly discussed involving mean field approaches based on Zener and RKKY

Development of half metallicity within mixed magnetic phase of Cu1‑x Co x MnSb alloy

Science.gov (United States)

Bandyopadhyay, Abhisek; Neogi, Swarup Kumar; Paul, Atanu; Meneghini, Carlo; Bandyopadhyay, Sudipta; Dasgupta, Indra; Ray, Sugata

2018-05-01

Cubic half-Heusler Cu1‑x Co x MnSb () compounds have been investigated both experimentally and theoretically for their magnetic, transport and electronic properties in search of possible half metallic antiferromagnetism. The systems (Cu,Co)MnSb are of particular interest as the end member alloys CuMnSb and CoMnSb are semi metallic (SM) antiferromagnetic (AFM) and half metallic (HM) ferromagnetic (FM), respectively. Clearly, Co-doping at the Cu-site of CuMnSb introduces changes in the carrier concentration at the Fermi level that may lead to half metallic ground state but there remains a persistent controversy whether the AFM to FM transition occurs simultaneously. Our experimental results reveal that the AFM to FM magnetic transition occurs through a percolation mechanism where Co-substitution gradually suppresses the AFM phase and forces FM polarization around every dopant cobalt. As a result a mixed magnetic phase is realized within this composition range while a nearly HM band structure is developed already at the 10% Co-doping. Absence of T 2 dependence in the resistivity variation at low T-region serves as an indirect proof of opening up an energy gap at the Fermi surface in one of the spin channels. This is further corroborated by the ab initio electronic structure calculations that suggests that a nearly ferromagnetic half-metallic ground state is stabilized by Sb-p holes produced upon Co doping.

Magnetic, transport, and magnetocaloric properties of boron doped Ni-Mn-In alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pandey, S.; Quetz, A.; Aryal, A.; Dubenko, I.; Ali, N.; Rodionov, I. D.; Blinov, M. I.; Titov, I. S.; Prudnikov, V. N.; Granovsky, A. B.; Stadler, S.

2015-01-01

The impact of B substitution in Ni 50 Mn 35 In 15−x B x Heusler alloys on the structural, magnetic, transport, and parameters of the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) has been studied by means of room-temperature X-ray diffraction and thermomagnetic measurements (in magnetic fields (H) up to 5 T, and in the temperature interval 5–400 K). Direct adiabatic temperature change (ΔT AD ) measurements have been carried out for an applied magnetic field change of 1.8 T. The transition temperatures (T-x) phase diagram has been constructed for H = 0.005 T. The MCE parameters were found to be comparable to those observed in other MCE materials such as Ni 50 Mn 34.8 In 14.2 B and Ni 50 Mn 35 In 14 X (X=In, Al, and Ge) Heusler alloys. The maximum absolute value of ΔT AD  = 2.5 K was observed at the magnetostructural transition for Ni 50 Mn 35 In 14.5 B 0.5

Critical current oscillations in superconductor-ferromagnet-superconductor structure taking into account s-d scattering

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vedyaev, A.V.; Ryzhanova, N.V.; Pugach, N.G.

2007-01-01

One calculated the critical current in the Josephson contact with the transition metal slightly ferromagnetic alloy interlayer. One solved the Gorkov equations taking into account s-d-scattering in a ferromagnet. The account of the mentioned scattering breaking down the Cooper pairs is shown to enable to ensure the conformity with the experiment [ru

High-pressure and high-temperature physical properties of half-metallic full-Heusler alloy Mn{sub 2}RuSi by first-principles and quasi-harmonic Debye model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Song, Ting [State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050 (China); School of Mathematics and Physics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070 (China); Ma, Qin, E-mail: maqin_lut@yeah.net [State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050 (China); Sun, Xiao-Wei [School of Mathematics and Physics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070 (China); Liu, Zi-Jiang [School of Mathematics and Physics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070 (China); Department of Physics, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou 730070 (China); Wei, Xiao-Ping [School of Mathematics and Physics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070 (China); Tian, Jun-Hong [School of Mathematics and Physics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070 (China); Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065 (China)

2017-02-15

First-principles calculations based on density functional theory and quasi-harmonic Debye model are used to investigate the high-pressure and high-temperature physical properties, including the lattice constant, magnetic moment, density of states, pressure-volume-temperature relationship, bulk modulus, thermal expansivity, heat capacity, and Grüneisen parameter for the new Mn-based full-Heusler alloy Mn{sub 2}RuSi in CuHg{sub 2}Ti-type structure. The optimized equilibrium lattice constant is consistent with experimental and other theoretical results. The calculated total spin magnetic moment remains an integral value of 2.0 μ{sub B} in the lattice constant range of 5.454–5.758 Å, and then decreases very slowly with the decrease of lattice constant to 5.333 Å. By the spin resolved density of states calculations, we have shown that Mn{sub 2}RuSi compound presents half-metallic ferrimagnetic properties under the equilibrium lattice constant. The effects of temperature and pressure on bulk modulus, thermal expansivity, heat capacity, and Grüneisen parameter are opposite, which are consistent with a compression rate of volume. Furthermore, the results show that the effect of temperature is larger than pressure for heat capacity and the effect of high temperature and pressure on thermal expansion coefficient is small. All the properties of Mn{sub 2}RuSi alloy are summarized in the pressure range of 0–100 GPa and the temperature up to 1200 K. - Highlights: • High-pressure and high-temperature physical properties of Mn2RuSi were investigated. • Ferrimagnetic ground state has been confirmed in Mn2RuSi alloy. • The first-principle calculations and quasi-harmonic Debye model were used. • The pressure up to 100 GPa and the temperature up to 1200 K.

Phase transition of Ni-Mn-Ga alloy powders prepared by vibration ball milling

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tian, B.; Chen, F.; Tong, Y.X.; Li, L.; Zheng, Y.F.; Liu, Y.; Li, Q.Z.

2011-01-01

Research highlights: → The vibration ball milling with a high milling energy introduces the atomic disorder and large lattice distortion in the alloy during milling and makes the formation of disordered fcc structure phase in the alloy. → The transition temperature and activation energy for disordered fcc → disordered bcc are ∼320 o C and 209 ± 8 kJ/mol, respectively. → The alloy powders annealed at 800 o C for 1 h show a one-stage martensitic transformation with quite lower latent heat compared to the bulk alloy. - Abstract: This study investigated the phase transformation of the flaky shaped Ni-Mn-Ga powder particles with thickness around 1 μm prepared by vibration ball milling and post-annealing. The SEM, XRD, DSC and ac magnetic susceptibility measurement techniques were used to characterize the Ni-Mn-Ga powders. The structural transition of Heusler → disordered fcc occurred in the powders prepared by vibration ball milling (high milling energy) for 4 h, which was different from the structural transition of Heusler → disordered fct of the powders fabricated by planetary ball milling (low milling energy) for 4 h. The two different structures after ball milling should be due to the larger lattice distortion occurred in the vibration ball milling process than in the planetary ball milling process. The structural transition of disordered fcc → disordered bcc took place at ∼320 o C during heating the as-milled Ni-Mn-Ga powders, which was attributed to the elimination of lattice distortion caused by ball milling. The activation energy for this transition was 209 ± 8 kJ/mol. The Ni-Mn-Ga powder annealed at 800 o C mainly contained Heusler austenite phase at room temperature and showed a low volume of martensitic transformation upon cooling. The inhibition of martensitic transformation might be attributed to the reduction of grain size in the annealed Ni-Mn-Ga particles.

Room temperature ferromagnetic gadolinium silicide nanoparticles

Science.gov (United States)

Hadimani, Magundappa Ravi L.; Gupta, Shalabh; Harstad, Shane; Pecharsky, Vitalij; Jiles, David C.

2018-03-06

A particle usable as T1 and T2 contrast agents is provided. The particle is a gadolinium silicide (Gd5Si4) particle that is ferromagnetic at temperatures up to 290 K and is less than 2 .mu.m in diameter. An MRI contrast agent that includes a plurality of gadolinium silicide (Gd.sub.5Si.sub.4) particles that are less than 1 .mu.m in diameter is also provided. A method for creating gadolinium silicide (Gd5Si4) particles is also provided. The method includes the steps of providing a Gd5Si4 bulk alloy; grinding the Gd5Si4 bulk alloy into a powder; and milling the Gd5Si4 bulk alloy powder for a time of approximately 20 minutes or less.

Anisotropy of the ferromagnetic L10 phase in the Mn-Al-C alloys induced by high-pressure spark plasma sintering

Science.gov (United States)

Tyrman, Muriel; Ahmim, Smail; Pasko, Alexandre; Etgens, Victor; Mazaleyrat, Frédéric; Quetel-Weben, Simon; Perrière, Loïc; Guillot, Ivan

2018-05-01

The metastable τ-phase of MnAl equi-atomic compound belongs to a family of ferromagnetic alloys with L10 crystal structure. Stabilization of the phase by adding 2 at. % using manganese carbide (Mn23C6) enhances the magnetization in relation with the increase in lattice volume. It is thus a promising candidate for rare-earth-free permanent magnets. Coercivity of Mn-Al-C alloys being still weak, there is an interest to see to which extend sintering/transformation of the ɛ-phase by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) can increase the coercivity and the anisotropy. The structural and the magnetic properties were studied for samples sintered at 550 °C under uniaxial pressure of 100, 200, 300 and 400 MPa. Coercivity, remanence and anistotropy appears with the sintering pressure. The high pressure applied while sintering produces preferential orientation of the flake-shaped grains which influences the remanence.

Nickel/carbon core/shell nanotubes: Lanthanum nickel alloy catalyzed synthesis, characterization and studies on their ferromagnetic and lithium-ion storage properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anthuvan Rajesh, John; Pandurangan, Arumugam; Senthil, Chenrayan; Sasidharan, Manickam

2014-01-01

Highlights: • Ni/CNTs core/shell structure was synthesized using LaNi 5 alloy catalyst by CVD. • The magnetic and lithium-ion storage properties of Ni/CNTs structure were studied. • The specific Ni/CNTs structure shows strong ferromagnetic property with large coercivity value of 446.42 Oe. • Ni/CNTs structure shows enhanced electrochemical performance in terms of stable capacity and better rate capability. - Abstract: A method was developed to synthesize ferromagnetic nickel core/carbon shell nanotubes (Ni/CNTs) by chemical vapor deposition using Pauli paramagnetic lanthanum nickel (LaNi 5 ) alloy both as a catalyst and as a source for the Ni-core. The Ni-core was obtained through oxidative dissociation followed by hydrogen reduction during the catalytic growth of the CNTs. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses reveal that the Ni-core exists as a face centered cubic single crystal. The magnetic hysteresis loop of Ni/CNTs particle shows increased coercivity (446.42 Oe) than bulk Ni at room temperature. Furthermore, the Ni/CNTs core/shell particles were investigated as anode materials in lithium-ion batteries. The Ni/CNTs electrode delivered a high discharge capacity of 309 mA h g −1 at 0.2 C, and a stable cycle-life, which is attributed to high structural stability of Ni/CNTs electrode during electrochemical lithium-ion insertion and de-insertion redox reactions

Modelization of nanospace interaction involving a ferromagnetic atom: a spin polarization effect study by thermogravimetric analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Santhanam, K S V; Chen, Xu; Gupta, S

2014-04-01

Ab initio studies of ferromagnetic atom interacting with carbon nanotubes have been reported in the literature that predict when the interaction is strong, a higher hybridization with confinement effect will result in spin polarization in the ferromagnetic atom. The spin polarization effect on the thermal oxidation to form its oxide is modeled here for the ferromagnetic atom and its alloy, as the above studies predict the 4s electrons are polarized in the atom. The four models developed here provide a pathway for distinguishing the type of interaction that exists in the real system. The extent of spin polarization in the ferromagnetic atom has been examined by varying the amount of carbon nanotubes in the composites in the thermogravimetric experiments. In this study we report the experimental results on the CoNi alloy which appears to show selective spin polarization. The products of the thermal oxidation has been analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy.

Shock wave induced martensitic transformations and morphology changes in Fe-Pd ferromagnetic shape memory alloy thin films

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bischoff, A. J.; Arabi-Hashemi, A.; Ehrhardt, M.; Lorenz, P.; Zimmer, K.; Mayr, S. G.

2016-01-01

Combining experimental methods and classical molecular dynamics (MD) computer simulations, we explore the martensitic transformation in Fe_7_0Pd_3_0 ferromagnetic shape memory alloy thin films induced by laser shock peening. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope measurements at shock wave pressures of up to 2.5 GPa reveal formation of martensitic variants with preferred orientation of the shorter c-axis of the tetragonal unit cell perpendicular to the surface plane. Moreover, consequential merging of growth islands on the film surface is observed. MD simulations unveil the underlying physics that are characterized by an austenite-martensite transformation with a preferential alignment of the c-axis along the propagation direction of the shock wave, resulting in flattening and in-plane expansion of surface features.

Magnetic and transport properties of granular and Heusler-type glass-coated microwires

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhukov, Arcady; Garcia, Carlos; Ilyn, Maxim; Varga, Rastislav; Val, Juan Jose del; Granovsky, Alexander; Rodionova, Valeria; Ipatov, Mihail; Zhukova, Valentina

2012-01-01

We studied magnetic and structural properties of granular Co x Cu 100−x (5 63 Fe 37 and Heusler-type Ni 2 MnGa glass-coated microwires. We found that the structure of Co–Cu microwires consists of two phases: fcc Cu for all the samples and fcc α-Co present for higher Co content. In the case of low Co content, Co atoms are distributed within the Cu matrix. The quantity and the size of grains strongly depend on the geometry of the microwire. Co–Cu and Fe–Cu microwires exhibited considerable magnetoresistance (MR). For Co x Cu 100−x microwires at x≥30 the anisotropic contribution to MR has been observed. Temperature dependences of magnetization measured without an external magnetic field (ZFC) and in the presence of a field (FC) show considerable difference below 20 K, indicating the presence of small α-Fe or Co grains embedded in the Cu matrix. Annealed Ni 2 MnGa microwires showed ferromagnetic behavior with Curie temperature about 330 K and polycrystalline structure with space group I4/mmm and lattice parameters a=3.75 Å and c=6.78 Å.

The ferromagnetic-spin glass transition in PdMn alloys: symmetry breaking of ferromagnetism and spin glass studied by a multicanonical method.

Science.gov (United States)

Kato, Tomohiko; Saita, Takahiro

2011-03-16

The magnetism of Pd(1-x)Mn(x) is investigated theoretically. A localized spin model for Mn spins that interact with short-range antiferromagnetic interactions and long-range ferromagnetic interactions via itinerant d electrons is set up, with no adjustable parameters. A multicanonical Monte Carlo simulation, combined with a procedure of symmetry breaking, is employed to discriminate between the ferromagnetic and spin glass orders. The transition temperature and the low-temperature phase are determined from the temperature variation of the specific heat and the probability distributions of the ferromagnetic order parameter and the spin glass order parameter at different concentrations. The calculation results reveal that only the ferromagnetic phase exists at x glass phase exists at x > 0.04, and that the two phases coexist at intermediate concentrations. This result agrees semi-quantitatively with experimental results.

Magnetic and thermodynamic properties of Heusler alloys Ni55Mn26Al19

Science.gov (United States)

Ito, Masakazu; Onda, Keijiro; Taira, Atsushi; Sonoda, Kazuki; Hiroi, Masahiko; Uwatoko, Yoshiya

2018-05-01

The temperature dependence of magnetization, M(T), specific heat, Cp(T), and thermal expansion, ΔL/L300K(T) were investigated for the Heusler compound Ni55Mn26Al19 with B2 structure. M(T) has a cusp-type anomaly for the antiferromagnetic (AF) transition at the Néel temperature TN = 280 K that is irreversible between the field-cooled and zero-field-cooled processes below Tf ˜ 60 K, which is characteristic of spin glass. Cp(T) also has an anomaly at TN = 280 K. For temperatures T transformation. TN increases proportionally with pressure, P, because of the enhancement of the AF interaction. The value of its initial rate is estimated to be d/TN d P = 5.25 K/GPa. Tf also increases proportionally with P with d/Tf d P = 2.21 K/GPa, and hence magnetic frustration, which promotes the spin glass system, is enhanced under pressurization.

Magnetic refrigeration capabilities of magnetocaloric Ni2Mn:75Cu:25Ga

Science.gov (United States)

Mishra, S. K.; Jenkins, C. A.; Dubenko, I.; Samanta, T.; Ali, N.; Roy, S.

2013-03-01

Doping-driven competition between energetically similar ground states leads to many exciting materials phenomena such as the emergence of high-Tc superconductivity, diluted magnetic semiconductors, and colossal magnetoresistance. Doped Ni2MnGa Heusler alloy, which is a multifunctional ferromagnetic alloy with various exotic physical properties demonstrates this notion of rich phenomenology via modified ground spin states. Adopting this generic concept, here we will present a novel doped Ni2Mn.75Cu.25Ga alloy that offers unprecedented co-existence of the magnetocaloric effect and fully controlled ferromagnetism at room temperature. Application of site engineering enables us to manipulate the ground spin state that leads to the decrease in magnetic transition temperature and also increases the delocalization of the Mn magnetism. SQUID magnetometery suggests that Cu doping enhances the saturation magnetization, coercive field and clarity of magnetic hysteresis loops. By exploiting x-ray absorption techniques and measuring element specific magnetic hysteresis loops, here we will describe the microscopic origin of enhnaced magnetocaloric properties and d-d interaction driven charge transfer effects in Ni2Mn.75Cu.25Ga This work was supported by DOE Grant No. DE-FG02-06ER46291

First principle investigations on Boron doped Fe2VAl Heusler alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Venkatesh, Ch.; Srivastava, S.K.; Rao, V.V.

2014-01-01

The role of atomic size of sp-element is investigated through theoretical calculations and basic experiments to understand the physical properties of Boron doped Fe 2 VAl alloy. The results of ab-initio calculations on ordered L2 1 structure of Fe 2 VAl 1-x B x (x=0, 0.5, 1) alloys have been compared to understand the role of sp-element size on the hybridization among their respective valance states. Interestingly, semi-metallic and paramagnetic like ground states were found in the Boron doped alloys in similar to Fe 2 VAl, eliminating the role of size of the doppent sp-atom. These calculations result in hybridization where the covalent distribution of valance states among the atoms is responsible to produce a finite pseudo-gap at the Fermi level. The observed features could be explained on the basis of covalent theory of magnetism in which an amount of spectral weight transfer occurs in the DOS spectrum among the same spin orbitals, leading to symmetric distribution of bonding and anti-bonding states. However, the obtained experimental findings on Boron doped alloys are in contrast with these calculations, indicating that experimentally the alloy formation into an ideal L2 1 lattice does not happen while doping with Boron. Further, the micro structural analysis shows Boron segregation across the grain boundaries that may form magnetic inhomogeneities in the lattice of Boron doped Fe 2 VAl alloys which preferably cause these experimental anomalies

Magnetic Hysteresis in Nanocomposite Films Consisting of a Ferromagnetic AuCo Alloy and Ultrafine Co Particles

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Federico Chinni

2017-06-01

Full Text Available One fundamental requirement in the search for novel magnetic materials is the possibility of predicting and controlling their magnetic anisotropy and hence the overall hysteretic behavior. We have studied the magnetism of Au:Co films (~30 nm thick with concentration ratios of 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2, grown by magnetron sputtering co-deposition on natively oxidized Si substrates. They consist of a AuCo ferromagnetic alloy in which segregated ultrafine Co particles are dispersed (the fractions of Co in the AuCo alloy and of segregated Co increase with decreasing the Au:Co ratio. We have observed an unexpected hysteretic behavior characterized by in-plane anisotropy and crossed branches in the loops measured along the hard magnetization direction. To elucidate this phenomenon, micromagnetic calculations have been performed for a simplified system composed of two exchange-coupled phases: a AuCo matrix surrounding a Co cluster, which represents an aggregate of particles. The hysteretic features are qualitatively well reproduced provided that the two phases have almost orthogonal anisotropy axes. This requirement can be plausibly fulfilled assuming a dominant magnetoelastic character of the anisotropy in both phases. The achieved conclusions expand the fundamental knowledge on nanocomposite magnetic materials, offering general guidelines for tuning the hysteretic properties of future engineered systems.

Spin waves in ferromagnetic Tb/sub 0.76/Y/sub 0.24/

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wakabayashi, N.; Nicklow, R.M.; Child, H.R.

1978-01-01

The conduction electron susceptibility chi (q) is considered to play an important role in the magnetism of rare-earth metals and alloys. In order to obtain information about chi (q), studies of the spin waves in the alloy Tb/sub 0.76/Y/sub 0.24/ have been carried out in a magnetic field. The magnetic structure of this alloy was found to remain spiral down to liquid helium temperature with zero field. The spin-wave dispersion curve in this structure has already been studied along the c*-direction, and the results were analyzed successfully in terms of a susceptibility function corresponding to a one-dimensional system with a slight modification. In order to obtain somewhat independent information about chi (q), the spin-wave dispersion curve for the ferromagnetic phase has been studied. A field of 14 kG was necessary to transform the structure into a ferromagnet at liquid helium temperature. Spin-wave energies which are calculated in terms of the susceptibility function determined from the measurements in the spiral structure agree rather well with the observed energies. A large damping and softening of the spin wave has been observed near the wave vector q=0.16 which characterized the spiral configuration. The origin of the phenomenon may be related to the instability of the ferromagnetic structure

Temperature dependence of magnetically dead layers in ferromagnetic thin-films

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. Tokaç

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Polarized neutron reflectometry has been used to study interface magnetism and magnetic dead layers in model amorphous CoFeB:Ta alloy thin-film multilayers with Curie temperatures tuned to be below room-temperature. This allows temperature dependent variations in the effective magnetic thickness of the film to be determined at temperatures that are a significant fraction of the Curie temperature, which cannot be achieved in the material systems used for spintronic devices. In addition to variation in the effective magnetic thickness due to compositional grading at the interface with the tantalum capping layer, the key finding is that at the interface between ferromagnetic film and GaAs(001 substrate local interfacial alloying creates an additional magnetic dead-layer. The thickness of this magnetic dead-layer is temperature dependent, which may have significant implications for elevated-temperature operation of hybrid ferromagnetic metal-semiconductor spintronic devices.

Evaluation of stress-induced martensite phase in ferromagnetic shape memory alloy Fe-30.2at%Pd by non-destructive Barkhausen noise

Science.gov (United States)

Furuya, Yasubumi; Okazaki, Teiko; Ueno, Takasi; Spearing, Mark; Wutting, Manfred

2005-05-01

Barkhausen noise (BHN) method seems a useful tecnique to non-destructive evaluation of martensite phase transformation of ferromagnetic shape memory alloy, which is used as the filler of our proposing "Smart Composite Board". The concept of design for "Smart Composite Board" which can combine the non-destructive magnetic inspection and shape recovery function in the material itself was formerly proposed. In the present study, we survey the possibility of Barkhausen noise (BHN) method to detect the transformation of microscopic martensite phase caused by stress-loading in Fe-30.2at%Pd thin foil, which has a stable austenite phase (fcc structure) at room temperature. The BHN voltage was measured at loading stress up to 100 MPa in temperature range of 300K to 373K. Stress-induced martensite twin was observed by laser microscope above loading stress of 25 MPa. A phase transformation caused by loading stress were analyzed also by X-ray diffraction. The signals of BHN are analyzed by the time of magnetization and the noise frequency. BHN caused by grain boundaries appears in the lower frequency range (1kHz-3kHz) and BHN by martensite twin in the higher frequency range (8kHz-10kHz). The envelope of the BHN voltage as a function of time of magnetization shows a peak due to austenite phase at weak magnetic field. The BHN envelope due to martensite twins creates additional two peaks at intermediate magnetic field. BHN method turns out to be a powerful technique for non-destructive evaluation of the phase transformation of ferromagnetic shape memory alloy.

Experimental evidence of stress-field-induced selection of variants in Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape-memory alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, Y. D.; Brown, D. W.; Choo, H.; Liaw, P. K.; Benson, M. L.; Cong, D. Y.; Zuo, L.

2007-01-01

The in situ time-of-flight neutron-diffraction measurements captured well the martensitic transformation behavior of the Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape-memory alloys under uniaxial stress fields. We found that a small uniaxial stress applied during phase transformation dramatically disturbed the distribution of variants in the product phase. The observed changes in the distributions of variants may be explained by considering the role of the minimum distortion energy of the Bain transformation in the effective partition among the variants belonging to the same orientation of parent phase. It was also found that transformation kinetics under various stress fields follows the scale law. The present investigations provide the fundamental approach for scaling the evolution of microstructures in martensitic transitions, which is of general interest to the condensed matter community

Magnetic, transport, and magnetocaloric properties of boron doped Ni-Mn-In alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pandey, S.; Quetz, A.; Aryal, A.; Dubenko, I.; Ali, N. [Department of Physics, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62902 (United States); Rodionov, I. D.; Blinov, M. I.; Titov, I. S.; Prudnikov, V. N.; Granovsky, A. B. [Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991 (Russian Federation); Stadler, S. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (United States)

2015-05-14

The impact of B substitution in Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 35}In{sub 15−x}B{sub x} Heusler alloys on the structural, magnetic, transport, and parameters of the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) has been studied by means of room-temperature X-ray diffraction and thermomagnetic measurements (in magnetic fields (H) up to 5 T, and in the temperature interval 5–400 K). Direct adiabatic temperature change (ΔT{sub AD}) measurements have been carried out for an applied magnetic field change of 1.8 T. The transition temperatures (T-x) phase diagram has been constructed for H = 0.005 T. The MCE parameters were found to be comparable to those observed in other MCE materials such as Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 34.8}In{sub 14.2}B and Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 35}In{sub 14}X (X=In, Al, and Ge) Heusler alloys. The maximum absolute value of ΔT{sub AD} = 2.5 K was observed at the magnetostructural transition for Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 35}In{sub 14.5}B{sub 0.5}.

Band gap depiction of quaternary FeMnTiAl alloy using Hubbard (U) potential

Science.gov (United States)

Bhat, Tahir Mohiuddin; Yousuf, Saleem; Khandy, Shakeel Ahmad; Gupta, Dinesh C.

2018-05-01

We have employed self-consistent ab-initio calculations to investigate new quaternary alloy FeMnTiAl by applying Hubbard potential (U). The alloy is found to be stable in ferromagnetic phase with cubic structure. The alloy shows half-metallic (HM) ferromagnet character. The values of minority band gap FeMnTiAl are found to be 0.33 eV respectively. Electronic charge density reveals that both types of bonds covalent as well as ionic are present in the alloy. Thus the new quaternary alloy can be proved as vital contender for spin valves and spin generator devices.

Calorimetric and magnetic study for Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 36}In{sub 14} and relative cooling power in paramagnetic inverse magnetocaloric systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chen, Jing-Han, E-mail: jhchen@tamu.edu [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A and M University, College Station, Texas 77843 (United States); Bruno, Nickolaus M. [Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A and M University, College Station, Texas 77843 (United States); Karaman, Ibrahim [Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A and M University, College Station, Texas 77843 (United States); Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A and M University, College Station, Texas 77843 (United States); Huang, Yujin; Li, Jianguo [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240 (China); Ross, Joseph H. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A and M University, College Station, Texas 77843 (United States); Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A and M University, College Station, Texas 77843 (United States)

2014-11-28

The non-stoichiometric Heusler alloy Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 36}In{sub 14} undergoes a martensitic phase transformation in the vicinity of 345 K, with the high temperature austenite phase exhibiting paramagnetic rather than ferromagnetic behavior, as shown in similar alloys with lower-temperature transformations. Suitably prepared samples are shown to exhibit a sharp transformation, a relatively small thermal hysteresis, and a large field-induced entropy change. We analyzed the magnetocaloric behavior both through magnetization and direct field-dependent calorimetry measurements. For measurements passing through the first-order transformation, an improved method for heat-pulse relaxation calorimetry was designed. The results provide a firm basis for the analytic evaluation of field-induced entropy changes in related materials. An analysis of the relative cooling power (RCP), based on the integrated field-induced entropy change and magnetizing behavior of the Mn spin system with ferromagnetic correlations, shows that a significant RCP may be obtained in these materials by tuning the magnetic and structural transformation temperatures through minor compositional changes or local order changes.

Quality of Heusler single crystals examined by depth-dependent positron annihilation techniques

Science.gov (United States)

Hugenschmidt, C.; Bauer, A.; Böni, P.; Ceeh, H.; Eijt, S. W. H.; Gigl, T.; Pfleiderer, C.; Piochacz, C.; Neubauer, A.; Reiner, M.; Schut, H.; Weber, J.

2015-06-01

Heusler compounds exhibit a wide range of different electronic ground states and are hence expected to be applicable as functional materials in novel electronic and spintronic devices. Since the growth of large and defect-free Heusler crystals is still challenging, single crystals of Fe2TiSn and Cu2MnAl were grown by the optical floating zone technique. Two positron annihilation techniques—angular correlation of annihilation radiation and Doppler broadening spectroscopy (DBS)—were applied in order to study both the electronic structure and lattice defects. Recently, we succeeded to observe clearly the anisotropy of the Fermi surface of Cu2MnAl, whereas the spectra of Fe2TiSn were disturbed by foreign phases. In order to estimate the defect concentration in different samples of Heusler compounds, the positron diffusion length was determined by DBS using a monoenergetic positron beam.

Noncollinear magnetism in Mn{sub 2}RhSn Heusler compound

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Meshcheriakova, Olga

2014-09-15

Heusler compounds is a large class of materials, which exhibits diverse fundamental phenomena, together with the possibility of their specific tailoring for various engineering demands. Present work discusses the magnetic noncollinearity in the family of noncentrosymmetric ferrimagnetic Mn{sub 2}-based Heusler compounds. Based on the obtained experimental and theoretical results, Mn{sub 2}YZ Heusler family is suspected to provide promising candidates for the formation of the skyrmion lattice. The work is focused on Mn{sub 2}RhSn bulk polycrystalline sample, which serves as a prototype. It crystallizes in the tetragonal noncentrosymmetric structure (No. 119, I anti 4m2), which enables the anisotropic Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) exchange coupling. Additional short-range modulation, induced by the competing nearest and next-nearest interplanes Heisenberg exchange, is suppressed above the 80 K. This allows to develop the long-range modulations in the ideal ferrimagnetic structure within the ab crystallographic planes, and thus, favors to the occurrence of the skyrmion lattice within the temperature range of (80≤T≤ 270) K. The studies of Mn{sub 2}RhSn were expanded to the broad composition range and continued on thin film samples.

The ferromagnetic shape-memory effect in Ni-Mn-Ga

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marioni, M.A.; O'Handley, R.C.; Allen, S.M.; Hall, S.R.; Paul, D.I.; Richard, M.L.; Feuchtwanger, J.; Peterson, B.W.; Chambers, J.M.; Techapiesancharoenkij, R.

2005-01-01

Active materials have long been used in the construction of sensors and devices. Examples are piezo-electric ceramics and shape memory alloys. The more recently developed ferromagnetic shape-memory alloys (FSMAs) have received considerable attention due to their large magnetic field-induced, reversible strains (up to 10%). In this article, we review the basic physical characteristics of the FSMA Ni-Mn-Ga (crystallography, thermal, mechanical and magnetic behavior). Also, we present some of the works currently under way in the areas of pulse-field and acoustic-assisted actuation, and vibration energy absorption

Microstructural and magnetic characterization of iron precipitation in Ni-Fe-Al alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Duman, Nagehan; Mekhrabov, Amdulla O.; Akdeniz, M. Vedat

2011-01-01

The influence of annealing on the microstructural evolution and magnetic properties of Ni 50 Fe x Al 50-x alloys for x = 20, 25, and 30 has been investigated. Solidification microstructures of as-cast alloys reveal coarse grains of a single B2 type β-phase and typical off eutectic microstructure consisting of proeutectic B2 type β dendrites and interdendritic eutectic for x = 20 and x > 20 at.% Fe respectively. However, annealing at 1073 K results in the formation of FCC γ-phase particles along the grain boundaries as well as grain interior in x = 20 at.% Fe alloy. The volume fraction of interdentritic eutectic regions tend to decrease and their morphologies start to degenerate by forming FCC γ-phase for x > 20 at.% Fe alloys with increasing annealing temperatures. Increasing Fe content of alloys induce an enhancement in magnetization and a rise in the Curie transition temperature (T C ). Temperature scan magnetic measurements and transmission electron microscopy reveal that a transient rise in the magnetization at temperatures well above the T C of the alloys would be attributed to the precipitation of a nano-scale ferromagnetic BCC α-Fe phase. Retained magnetization above the Curie transition temperature of alloy matrix, together with enhanced room temperature saturation magnetization of alloys annealed at favorable temperatures support the presence of ferromagnetic precipitates. These nano-scale precipitates are shown to induce significant precipitation hardening of the β-phase in conjunction with enhanced room temperature saturation magnetization in particular when an annealing temperature of 673 K is used. - Research Highlights: → Evolution of microstructure and magnetic properties with varying Fe content. → Transient rise in magnetization via the formation of ferromagnetic phase. → Enhancements in saturation magnetization owing to precipitated ferromagnetic phase. → Nanoscale precipitation of ferromagnetic BCC α-Fe confirmed by TEM. �

Effect of hydrostatic pressure on magnetization of Ni.sub.2+x./sub.Mn.sub.1-x./sub.Ga alloys

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Kamarád, Jiří; Albertini, F.; Arnold, Zdeněk; Casoli, F.; Pareti, L.; Paoluzi, A.

290-291, - (2005), s. 669-672 ISSN 0304-8853 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA202/02/0739 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10100521 Keywords : magnetization- pressure dependent * Heusler alloys * pressure effect Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism Impact factor: 0.985, year: 2005

Vacancy induced half-metallicity in half-Heusler semiconductors

KAUST Repository

Zhu, Zhiyong; Cheng, Yingchun; Schwingenschlö gl, Udo

2011-01-01

First-principles calculations are performed to investigate the effect of vacancies on the electronic structure and magnetic properties of the two prototypical half-Heusler semiconductors NiTiSn and CoTiSb. The spin degeneracy of the host materials

Superconducting Properties of Lead-Bismuth Films Controlled by Ferromagnetic Nanowire Arrays

Science.gov (United States)

Ye, Zuxin; Lyuksyutov, Igor F.; Wu, Wenhao; Naugle, Donald G.

2011-03-01

Superconducting properties of lead-bismuth (82% Pb and 18% Bi) alloy films deposited on ferromagnetic nanowire arrays have been investigated. Ferromagnetic Co or Ni nanowires are first electroplated into the columnar pores of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes. Superconducting Pb 82 Bi 18 films are then quench-condensed onto the polished surface of the AAO membranes filled with magnetic nanowires. A strong dependence of the Pb 82 Bi 18 superconducting properties on the ratio of the superconducting film thickness to the magnetic nanowire diameter and the material variety was observed.

Electronic structures and relevant physical properties of Ni2MnGa alloy films

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, K. W.; Kim, J. B.; Huang, M. D.; Lee, N. N.; Lee, Y. P.; Kudryavtsev, Y. V.; Rhee, J. Y.

2004-01-01

The electronic structures and physical properties of the ordered and disordered Ni 2 MnGa alloy films were investigated in this study. Ordered and disordered Ni 2 MnGa alloy films were prepared by flash evaporation onto substrates maintained at 720 K and 150 K, respectively. The results show that the ordered films behave in nearly the same way as the bulk Ni 2 MnGa ferromagnetic shape-memory alloy, including the martensitic transformation at 200 K. It was also revealed that the film deposition onto substrates cooled by liquid nitrogen leads to the formation of a substantially-disordered or an amorphous phase which is not ferromagnetically ordered at room temperature. An annealing of such an amorphous film restores its crystallinity and also recovers the ferromagnetic order. It was also clarified how the structural disordering in the films influences the physical properties, including the loss of ferromagnetism in the disordered films, by performing electronic-structure calculations and a photoemission study.

Magnetic and transport properties of granular and Heusler-type glass-coated microwires

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhukov, Arcady, E-mail: arkadi.joukov@ehu.es [Dpto. Fisica de Materiales, Fac. Quimicas, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian (Spain); IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao (Spain); Garcia, Carlos [Bogazici Univ., Dept. Phys., TR-34342 Istanbul (Turkey); Ilyn, Maxim [Dpto. Fisica de Materiales, Fac. Quimicas, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian (Spain); Varga, Rastislav [Inst. Phys., Fac. Sci., UPJS, Park Angelinum 9, Kosice (Slovakia); Val, Juan Jose del [Dpto. Fisica de Materiales, Fac. Quimicas, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian (Spain); Granovsky, Alexander [IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao (Spain); Moscow State University, Moscow 119991 (Russian Federation); Rodionova, Valeria [Dpto. Fisica de Materiales, Fac. Quimicas, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian (Spain); Moscow State University, Moscow 119991 (Russian Federation); Ipatov, Mihail; Zhukova, Valentina [Dpto. Fisica de Materiales, Fac. Quimicas, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian (Spain)

2012-10-15

We studied magnetic and structural properties of granular Co{sub x}Cu{sub 100-x} (5Heusler-type Ni{sub 2}MnGa glass-coated microwires. We found that the structure of Co-Cu microwires consists of two phases: fcc Cu for all the samples and fcc {alpha}-Co present for higher Co content. In the case of low Co content, Co atoms are distributed within the Cu matrix. The quantity and the size of grains strongly depend on the geometry of the microwire. Co-Cu and Fe-Cu microwires exhibited considerable magnetoresistance (MR). For Co{sub x}Cu{sub 100-x} microwires at x{>=}30 the anisotropic contribution to MR has been observed. Temperature dependences of magnetization measured without an external magnetic field (ZFC) and in the presence of a field (FC) show considerable difference below 20 K, indicating the presence of small {alpha}-Fe or Co grains embedded in the Cu matrix. Annealed Ni{sub 2}MnGa microwires showed ferromagnetic behavior with Curie temperature about 330 K and polycrystalline structure with space group I4/mmm and lattice parameters a=3.75 A and c=6.78 A.

Room temperature ferromagnetic gadolinium silicide nanoparticles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hadimani, Magundappa Ravi L.; Gupta, Shalabh; Harstad, Shane; Pecharsky, Vitalij; Jiles, David C.

2018-03-06

A particle usable as T₁ and T₂ contrast agents is provided. The particle is a gadolinium silicide (Gd₅Si₄) particle that is ferromagnetic at temperatures up to 290 K and is less than 2 .mu.m in diameter. An MRI contrast agent that includes a plurality of gadolinium silicide (Gd.sub.5Si.sub.4) particles that are less than 1 .mu.m in diameter is also provided. A method for creating gadolinium silicide (Gd₅Si₄) particles is also provided. The method includes the steps of providing a Gd₅Si₄ bulk alloy; grinding the Gd₅Si₄ bulk alloy into a powder; and milling the Gd₅Si₄ bulk alloy powder for a time of approximately 20 minutes or less.

Magnetic tunneling junctions with the Heusler compound Co2Cr0.6Fe0.4Al

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Conca Parra, A.

2007-01-01

Materials with large spin polarization are required for applications in spintronics devices. For this reason, major research efforts are directed to study the properties of compounds which are expected to be half metals, i.e. materials with 100% spin polarization. Half metals are expected to have a gap in the density of states at the Fermi energy for one spin band while the other spin band is metallic leading to a completely spin polarized current. The ferromagnetic full Heusler alloy Co 2 Cr 0.6 Fe 0.4 Al (CCFA) has attracted great interest in the field of spintronics. The high Tc (800 K) and the expected half metallicity make CCFA a good candidate for applications in spintronic devices such as magnetic tunneling junctions (MTJs). This thesis presents the results of the study of the electronic and structural properties of CCFA thin films. The films were implemented in magnetic tunneling junctions and the tunneling magnetoresistance effect (TMR) was investigated. The main objectives were the measurement of the spin polarisation of the CCFA alloy and to obtain information about its electronic structure. The influence of the deposition conditions on the thin film properties and on the surface crystalline order and their respective influence on the TMR ratio was investigated. Epitaxial CCFA thin films with two alternative growth orientations were deposited on different substrates and buffer layers. An annealing step was used to improve the crystalline properties of the thin films. In the tunneling junctions, Al 2 O 3 was used as a barrier material and Co was chosen as counter electrode. The multilayer systems were patterned in Mesa structures using lithographic techniques. In the framework of the Julliere model, a maximum spin polarisation of 54% at 4K was measured in tunneling junctions with epitaxial CCFA electrodes. A strong influence of the annealing temperature on the TMR ratio was determined. The increase of the TMR ratio could be correlated to an improvement of

Hydrostatic pressure effect on the magnetocaloric behavior of Ga-doped MnNiGe magnetic equiatomic alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dutta, P; Das, D; Chatterjee, S; Pramanick, S; Majumdar, S

2016-01-01

The magnetocaloric properties of a new class of ferromagnetic shape memory alloys of nominal composition MnNiGe 0.928 Ga 0.072 have been investigated in ambient conditions as well as in the presence of external hydrostatic pressure. Both inverse (6.35 Jkg −1 K −1 for 0  −  50 kOe around 160 K) and conventional (−4.54 Jkg −1 K −1 for 0–50 kOe around 210 K) magnetocaloric effects (MCEs) have been observed around the structural and magnetic transitions respectively. The sample can be thought of as being derived from the parent MnNiGe alloy, where Ga was doped at the expense of the Ge atom. Ga doping at Ge sites brings down the martensitic transition temperature to below room temperature and induces ferromagnetism by affecting the lattice volume of the alloy. However, below the first-order martensitic transition the alloy loses its ferromagnetism. Application of external hydrostatic pressure results in a revival of ferromagnetic interactions in the martensitic phase of the alloy and a considerable increase in the refrigeration capacity around the conventional MCE region. (paper)

Studies of alloy structures and properties. Annual summary report, December 1, 1976--December 1, 1977

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Duwez, P.

1977-01-01

Brief summaries of research activities in the following areas are given: superconductivity to ferromagnetism in amorphous Gd--La--Au alloys; magnetic regimes in amorphous Ni--Fe--P--B alloys; electronic and magnetic properties of amorphous Fe--P--B alloys; critical phenomena and magnetic properties of amorphous gadolinium based ferromagnets; Kondo effect, spin correlations, and superconductivity in amorphous alloys doped with magnetic impurities; flux pinning by crystalline phase precipitates embedded in an amorphous superconducting matrix; kinetics of crystallization of amorphous alloys; properties of the flux lattice in amorphous superconductors; low temperature calorimeter; low temperature heat capacity of metastable superconductors; thermal relaxation effects and crystallization of amorphous alloys; fundamental studies of amorphous superconductors using superconductive tunneling; low temperature calorimetry of bulk amorphous metals; and mictomagnetism in amorphous alloys

Self-learning kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of diffusion in ferromagnetic α-Fe-Si alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Nandipati, Giridhar; Jiang, Xiujuan; Vemuri, Rama S.; Mathaudhu, Suveen; Rohatgi, Aashish

2018-01-01

Diffusion of Si atom and vacancy in the A2-phase of α-Fe-Si alloys in the ferromagnetic state, with and without magnetic order and in various temperature ranges, are studied using AKSOME, an on-lattice self-learning KMC code. Diffusion of the Si atom and the vacancy are studied in the dilute limit and up to 12 at.% Si, respectively, in the temperature range 350-700 K. Local Si neighborhood dependent activation energies for vacancy hops were calculated on-the-fly using a broken-bond model based on pairwise interaction. The migration barrier and prefactor for the Si diffusion in the dilute limit were obtained and found to agree with published data within the limits of uncertainty. Simulations results show that the prefactor and the migration barrier for the Si diffusion are approximately an order of magnitude higher, and a tenth of an electron-volt higher, respectively, in the magnetic disordered state than in the fully ordered state. However, the net result is that magnetic disorder does not have a significant effect on Si diffusivity within the range of parameters studied in this work. Nevertheless, with increasing temperature, the magnetic disorder increases and its effect on the Si diffusivity also increases. In the case of vacancy diffusion, with increasing Si concentration, its diffusion prefactor decreases while the migration barrier more or less remained constant and the effect of magnetic disorder increases with Si concentration. Important vacancy-Si/Fe atom exchange processes and their activation barriers were identified, and the effect of energetics on ordered phase formation in Fe-Si alloys are discussed.

Magnetocaloric properties of as-quenched Ni{sub 50.4}Mn{sub 34.9}In{sub 14.7} ferromagnetic shape memory alloy ribbons

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sanchez Llamazares, J.L. [Instituto Potosino de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (IPICYT), San Luis Potosi, S.L.P. (Mexico); Garcia, C. [MIT, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts (United States); Hernando, B.; Prida, V.M. [Universidad de Oviedo, Departamento de Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias, Oviedo (Spain); Baldomir, D.; Serantes, D. [Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Departamento de Fisica Aplicada, Facultad de Fisica, Santiago de Compostela (Spain); Gonzalez, J. [UPV, Departamento Fisica de Materiales, Facultad de Quimica, San Sebastian (Spain)

2011-06-15

The temperature dependences of magnetic entropy change and refrigerant capacity have been calculated for a maximum field change of {delta} H=30 kOe in as-quenched ribbons of the ferromagnetic shape memory alloy Ni{sub 50.4}Mn{sub 34.9}In{sub 14.7} around the structural reverse martensitic transformation and magnetic transition of austenite. The ribbons crystallize into a single-phase austenite with the L2{sub 1}-type crystal structure and Curie point of 284 K. At 262 K austenite starts its transformation into a 10-layered structurally modulated monoclinic martensite. The first- and second-order character of the structural and magnetic transitions was confirmed by the Arrott plot method. Despite the superior absolute value of the maximum magnetic entropy change obtained in the temperature interval where the reverse martensitic transformation occurs ({delta}S{sub M} {sup max}=7.2 Jkg{sup -1}K{sup -1}) with respect to that obtained around the ferromagnetic transition of austenite ({delta} S{sub M} {sup max}=2.6 Jkg{sup -1}K{sup -1}), the large average hysteretic losses due to the effect of the magnetic field on the phase transformation as well as the narrow thermal dependence of the magnetic entropy change make the temperature interval around the ferromagnetic transition of austenite of a higher effective refrigerant capacity (RC{sup magn}{sub eff}=95Jkg{sup -1} versus RC{sup struct}{sub eff}=60Jkg{sup -1}). (orig.)

Investigation of the temperature-dependence of ferromagnetic resonance and spin waves in Co{sub 2}FeAl{sub 0.5}Si{sub 0.5}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Loong, Li Ming; Kwon, Jae Hyun; Deorani, Praveen; Yang, Hyunsoo, E-mail: eleyang@nus.edu.sg [Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576 Singapore (Singapore); Tung Yu, Chris Nga [Department of Physics, The University of York, York YO10 5DD (United Kingdom); Hirohata, Atsufumi, E-mail: atsufumi.hirohata@york.ac.uk [Department of Electronics, The University of York, York YO10 5DD (United Kingdom)

2014-06-09

Co{sub 2}FeAl{sub 0.5}Si{sub 0.5} (CFAS) is a Heusler compound that is of interest for spintronics applications, due to its high spin polarization and relatively low Gilbert damping constant. In this study, the behavior of ferromagnetic resonance as a function of temperature was investigated in CFAS, yielding a decreasing trend of damping constant as the temperature was increased from 13 to 300 K. Furthermore, we studied spin waves in CFAS using both frequency domain and time domain techniques, obtaining group velocities and attenuation lengths as high as 26 km/s and 23.3 μm, respectively, at room temperature.

Muon spin relaxation in ferromagnetic PdMn

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dodds, S.A.; Gist, G.A.; Heffner, R.H.; Leon, M.; MacLaughlin, D.E.; Mydosh, J.A.; Nieuwenhuys, G.J.; Schillaci, M.E.

1983-01-01

Positive-muon (μ + ) spin relaxation experiments have been carried out in the dilute ferromagnetic alloy Pd + 2 at % Mn (T/sub c/ = 5.8 0 K). In the paramagnetic state the inhomogeneous μ + linewidth is proportional to the bulk magnetization. Below T/sub c/ the μ + linewidth and the width of the μ + local field distribution in zero applied field are both in qualitative accord with the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick theory of disordered magnets

Muon spin relaxation in ferromagnetic PdMn

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dodds, S.A.; Gist, G.A. (Rice Univ., Houston, TX (USA)); Heffner, R.H.; Leon, M.; Schillaci, M.E. (Los Alamos National Lab., NM (USA)); MacLaughlin, D.E. (California Univ., Riverside (USA)); Mydosh, J.A.; Nieuwenhuys, G.J. (Rijksuniversiteit Leiden (Netherlands). Kamerlingh Onnes Lab.)

1984-01-01

Positive-muon (..mu../sup +/) spin relaxation experiments have been carried out in the dilute ferromagnetic alloy Pd + 2 at.% Mn (Tsub(c) = 5.8 K). In the paramagnetic state the inhomogeneous ..mu../sup +/ linewidth is proportional to the bulk magnetization. Below Tsub(c) the ..mu../sup +/ linewidth and the width of the ..mu../sup +/ local field distribution in zero applied field are both in qualitative accord with the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick theory of disordered magnets.

Systematic study of the spin stiffness dependence on phosphorus alloying in the ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Mn)As

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shihab, S.; Thevenard, L.; Bardeleben, H. J. von; Gourdon, C.; Riahi, H.; Lemaître, A.

2015-01-01

We study the dependence of the spin stiffness constant on the phosphorus concentration in the ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Mn)(As,P) with the aim of determining whether alloying with phosphorus is detrimental, neutral, or advantageous to the spin stiffness. Time-resolved magneto-optical experiments are carried out in thin epilayers. Laser pulses excite two perpendicular standing spin wave modes, which are exchange related. We show that the first mode is spatially uniform across the layer corresponding to a k≈0 wavevector. From the two frequencies and k-vector spacings we obtain the spin stiffness constant for different phosphorus concentrations using weak surface pinning conditions. The mode assessment is checked by comparison to the spin stiffness obtained from domain pattern analysis for samples with out-of-plane magnetization. The spin stiffness is found to exhibit little variation with phosphorus concentration in contradiction with ab-initio predictions

Pulsed-mode operation and performance of a ferromagnetic shape memory alloy actuator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Asua, E; García-Arribas, A; Etxebarria, V; Feuchtwanger, J

2014-01-01

The actuation capabilities and positioning performance of a single crystal ferromagnetic shape memory alloy (FSMA) operated in pulsed mode are evaluated in a prototype device. It consists of two orthogonal coil pairs that produce the magnetic fields necessary for the non-contact deformation of the material. The position of the top of the crystal after actuation is measured by a capacitive sensor. A specifically designed power module drives the discharge of a set of capacitors through the coils, producing fast current pulses of large amplitudes (about 250 A), the coil pairs are driven independently to control the direction of actuation. Open-loop experiments demonstrate that successive pulses of increasing magnitude successfully produced the desired expansion and contraction of the crystal, depending on the pair of coils that is activated. The deformation achieved is maintained after the pulses, highlighting the advantageous set-and-forget operation of the device. Closed-loop experiments are performed using a double proportional–integral–derivative controller, designed to take advantage of the energy-saving quality of the set-and-forget operation. Despite the nonlinear response and hysteric response of FSMA materials, a reference position can be reached and maintained with a maximum error of 0.5 μm. (paper)

Electronic, magnetic and transport properties of quaternary (Cu,Ni)MnSb alloys

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Kudrnovský, Josef; Drchal, Václav; Máca, František; Turek, Ilja

2008-01-01

Roč. 88, 18-20 (2008), s. 2739-2746 ISSN 1478-6435 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA202/07/0456; GA MŠk OC 150; GA AV ČR IAA100100616 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10100520; CEZ:AV0Z20410507 Keywords : density functional theory * exchange interaction * effective Heisenberg model * magnetic disorder * Curie temperature * quaternary Heusler alloys Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism Impact factor: 1.384, year: 2008

Superconducting properties of Pb82Bi18 films controlled by ferromagnetic nanowire arrays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ye Zuxin; Lyuksyutov, Igor F; Wu Wenhao; Naugle, Donald G

2011-01-01

The superconducting properties of Pb 82 Bi 18 alloy films deposited on ferromagnetic nanowire arrays have been investigated. Ferromagnetic Co or Ni nanowires are first electroplated into the columnar pores of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes. Superconducting Pb 82 Bi 18 films are then quench condensed onto the polished surface of the AAO membranes filled with magnetic nanowires. A strong dependence of the Pb 82 Bi 18 superconducting properties on the ratio of the superconducting film thickness to the magnetic nanowire diameter and material variety was observed.

Superconducting properties of Pb82Bi18 films controlled by ferromagnetic nanowire arrays

Science.gov (United States)

Ye, Zuxin; Lyuksyutov, Igor F.; Wu, Wenhao; Naugle, Donald G.

2011-02-01

The superconducting properties of Pb82Bi18 alloy films deposited on ferromagnetic nanowire arrays have been investigated. Ferromagnetic Co or Ni nanowires are first electroplated into the columnar pores of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes. Superconducting Pb82Bi18 films are then quench condensed onto the polished surface of the AAO membranes filled with magnetic nanowires. A strong dependence of the Pb82Bi18 superconducting properties on the ratio of the superconducting film thickness to the magnetic nanowire diameter and material variety was observed.

Voltage control of a magnetization easy axis in piezoelectric/ferromagnetic hybrid films

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Sang-Koog; Lee, Jeong-Won; Shin, Sung-Chul; Song, Han Wook; Lee, Chang Ho; No, Kwangsoo

2003-01-01

We have established a spontaneous magnetization-axis switching in ferromagnetic films by applying a low voltage to a piezoelectric layer in a newly developed hybrid system comprised of the ferromagnetic and piezoelectric films. The magnetization easy axis along which a spontaneous magnetization is oriented, is readily switchable by a voltage without applying an external magnetic field through both the inverse magnetostrictive and piezoelectric effects of CoPd and lead-zirconate-titanate alloy films, respectively. This challenging work provides a new way into the memory writing as well as storage means of ultrahigh bit densities in nonvolatile magnetic random access memory

Thermodynamic properties of Heusler Fe2VSi

Science.gov (United States)

Ito, Masakazu; Kai, Keita; Furuta, Tatsuya; Manaka, Hirotaka; Terada, Norio; Hiroi, Masahiko; Kondo, Akihiro; Kindo, Koichi

2018-05-01

We investigated temperature, T, dependence of magnetization, M(T), electrical resistivity, ρ(T), and specific heat, Cp(T), for the Heusler compound Fe2VSi. M(T) shows anomalies at TN1 ˜ 115 K and at TN2 ˜ 35 K. The anomaly at TN1 is caused by the magnetic transition with a crystal structural change. On the other hand, ρ(T) and Cp(T) show only anomaly at TN1, and no trace of anomaly at TN2 is observed. Because of the irreversibility of M(T), which is the characteristic of spin-glass freezing, appears below TN2, a spin-glass freezing may occur at TN2. From the analogy of the Heusler compound (Fe1-xVx ) 3Si with the cubic D03 crystal structure, (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2), we suggested that the atomic disorder of V site by the Fe atoms gives rise to the magnetic frustration. This could be cause for the spin-glass freezing. By the Clausius-Clapeyron relation, pressure, P, derivative of TN1, (d/TN 1 d P ), is estimated to be ˜-10 K/Gpa.

Highly spin-polarized materials and devices for spintronics∗.

Science.gov (United States)

Inomata, Koichiro; Ikeda, Naomichi; Tezuka, Nobuki; Goto, Ryogo; Sugimoto, Satoshi; Wojcik, Marek; Jedryka, Eva

2008-01-01

The performance of spintronics depends on the spin polarization of the current. In this study half-metallic Co-based full-Heusler alloys and a spin filtering device (SFD) using a ferromagnetic barrier have been investigated as highly spin-polarized current sources. The multilayers were prepared by magnetron sputtering in an ultrahigh vacuum and microfabricated using photolithography and Ar ion etching. We investigated two systems of Co-based full-Heusler alloys, Co 2 Cr 1 - x Fe x Al (CCFA( x )) and Co 2 FeSi 1 - x Al x (CFSA( x )) and revealed the structure and magnetic and transport properties. We demonstrated giant tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) of up to 220% at room temperature and 390% at 5 K for the magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) using Co 2 FeSi 0.5 Al 0.5 (CFSA(0.5)) Heusler alloy electrodes. The 390% TMR corresponds to 0.81 spin polarization for CFSA(0.5) at 5 K. We also investigated the crystalline structure and local structure around Co atoms by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses, respectively, for CFSA films sputtered on a Cr-buffered MgO (001) substrate followed by post-annealing at various temperatures in an ultrahigh vacuum. The disordered structures in CFSA films were clarified by NMR measurements and the relationship between TMR and the disordered structure was discussed. We clarified that the TMR of the MTJs with CFSA(0.5) electrodes depends on the structure, and is significantly higher for L2 1 than B2 in the crystalline structure. The second part of this paper is devoted to a SFD using a ferromagnetic barrier. The Co ferrite is investigated as a ferromagnetic barrier because of its high Curie temperature and high resistivity. We demonstrate the strong spin filtering effect through an ultrathin insulating ferrimagnetic Co-ferrite barrier at a low temperature. The barrier was prepared by the surface plasma oxidization of a CoFe 2 film deposited on a MgO (001) single crystal substrate, wherein the spinel

Thickness dependence of magnetic anisotropy and intrinsic anomalous Hall effect in epitaxial Co{sub 2}MnAl film

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Meng, K.K., E-mail: kkmeng@ustb.edu.cn [School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083 (China); Miao, J.; Xu, X.G. [School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083 (China); Zhao, J.H. [State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083 (China); Jiang, Y. [School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083 (China)

2017-04-04

We have investigated the thickness dependence of magnetic anisotropy and intrinsic anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in single-crystalline full-Heusler alloy Co{sub 2}MnAl (CMA) grown by molecular-beam epitaxy on GaAs(001). The magnetic anisotropy is the interplay of uniaxial and the fourfold anisotropy, and the corresponding anisotropy constants have been deduced. Considering the thickness of CMA is small, we ascribe it to the influence from interface stress. The AHE in CMA is found to be well described by a proper scaling. The intrinsic anomalous conductivity is found to be smaller than the calculated one and is thickness dependent, which is ascribed to the influence of chemical ordering by affecting the band structure and Fermi surface. - Highlights: • Single-crystalline full-Heusler alloy Co{sub 2}MnAl grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. • Uniaxial and the fourfold magnetic anisotropies in Heusler alloys. • Anomalous Hall effect in Heusler alloys. • The intrinsic contributions modified by chemical ordering.

High field magnetic behavior in Boron doped Fe{sub 2}VAl Heusler alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Venkatesh, Ch., E-mail: venkyphysicsiitm@gmail.com [Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur (India); DCMP & MS, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai (India); Vasundhara, M., E-mail: vasu.mutta@gmail.com [Materials Science and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, CSIR, Trivandrum 695019 (India); Srinivas, V. [Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai (India); Rao, V.V. [Cryogenic Engineering Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur (India)

2016-11-15

We have investigated the magnetic behavior of Fe{sub 2}VAl{sub 1−x}B{sub x} (x=0, 0.03, 0.06 and 0.1) alloys under high temperature and high magnetic field conditions separately. Although, the low temperature DC magnetization data for the alloys above x>0 show clear magnetic transitions, the zero field cooled (ZFC) and field cooled (FC) curves indicate the presence of spin cluster like features. Further, critical exponent (γ) deduced from the initial susceptibility above the T{sub c}, does not agree with standard models derived for 3 dimensional long range magnetic systems. The deviation in γ values are consistent with the short range magnetic nature of these alloys. We further extend the analysis of magnetic behavior by carrying the magnetization measurements at high temperatures and high magnetic fields distinctly. We mainly emphasize the following observations; (i) The magnetic hysteresis loops show sharp upturns at lower fields even at 900 K for all the alloys. (ii) High temperature inverse susceptibility do not overlap until T=900 K, indicating the persistent short range magnetic correlations even at high temperatures. (iii) The Arrott's plot of magnetization data shows spontaneous moment (M{sub S}) for the x=0 alloy at higher magnetic fields which is absent at lower fields (<50 kOe), while the Boron doped samples show feeble M{sub S} at lower fields. The origin of this short range correlation is due to presence of dilute magnetic heterogeneous phases which are not detected from the X-ray diffraction method. - Highlights: • Short range magnetic character has been confirmed by the critical exponents analysis. • Magnetoresistace is about −14% with non-saturating tendency even at 150 kOe for Fe{sub 2}VAl alloy. • Boron doped Fe{sub 2}VAl alloys show a weak magnetism even at T=900 K.

Magnetic-field-induced irreversible antiferromagnetic–ferromagnetic phase transition around room temperature in as-cast Sm–Co based SmCo{sub 7−x}Si{sub x} alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Feng, D.Y.; Zhao, L.Z.; Liu, Z.W., E-mail: zwliu@scut.edu.cn

2016-04-15

A magnetic-field-induced irreversible metamagnetic phase transition from antiferro- to ferromagnetism, which leads to an anomalous initial-magnetization curve lying outside the magnetic hysteresis loop, is reported in arc-melted SmCo{sub 7−x}Si{sub x} alloys. The transition temperatures are near room temperature, much higher than other compounds with similar initial curves. Detailed investigation shows that this phenomenon is dependent on temperature, magnetic field and Si content and shows some interesting characteristics. It is suggested that varying interactions between the Sm and Co layers in the crystal are responsible for the formation of a metastable AFM structure, which induces the anomalous phenomenon in as-cast alloys. The random occupation of 3g sites by Si and Co atoms also has an effect on this phenomenon.

Characterization of low alloy ferritic steel–Ni base alloy dissimilar metal weld interface by SPM techniques, SEM/EDS, TEM/EDS and SVET

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang, Siyan; Ding, Jie; Ming, Hongliang; Zhang, Zhiming; Wang, Jianqiu, E-mail: wangjianqiu@imr.ac.cn

2015-02-15

The interface region of welded A508–Alloy 52 M is characterized by scanning probe microscope (SPM) techniques, scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM)/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and scanning vibrate electrode technique (SVET). The regions along the welded A508–Alloy 52 M interface can be categorized into two types according to their different microstructures. In the type-I interface region, A508 and Alloy 52 M are separated by the fusion boundary, while in the type-II interface region, A508 and Alloy 52 M are separated by a martensite zone. A508, martensite zone and grain boundaries in Alloy 52 M are ferromagnetic while the Alloy 52 M matrix is paramagnetic. The Volta potentials measured by scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy (SKPFM) of A508, martensite zone and Alloy 52 M follow the order: V{sub 52} {sub M} > V{sub A508} > V{sub martensite}. The corrosion behavior of A508–Alloy 52 M interface region is galvanic corrosion, in which Alloy 52 M is cathode while A508 is anode. The martensite dissolves faster than Alloy 52 M, but slower than A508 in the test solution. - Highlights: • The A508–Alloy 52 M interface regions can be categorized into two types. • The chromium depleted region is observed along the Alloy 52 M grain boundary. • The Alloy 52 M grain boundaries which are close to the interface are ferromagnetic. • Martensite zone has lower Volta potential but higher corrosion resistance than A508.

Effect of Thermomagnetic Treatment on Structure and Properties of Cu-Al-Mn Alloy.

Science.gov (United States)

Titenko, A N; Demchenko, L D; Perekos, A O; Gerasimov, O Yu

2017-12-01

The paper studies the influence of magnetic field on magnetic and mechanical properties of Cu-Mn-Al alloy under annealing. The comparative analysis of the magnetic field orientation impact on solid solution decomposition processes in a fixed annealing procedure is held using the methods of low-field magnetic susceptibility, specific magnetization, and microhardness test. The paper highlights changes in the magnetic and mechanical properties of Cu-Al-Mn alloy as the result of change in a critical size of forming precipitated ferromagnetic phase and determines correlation in the behavior of magnetic and mechanical properties of the alloy, depending on a critical nucleus size of forming precipitated ferromagnetic phase.

Heterogeneous nucleation of amorphous alloys on catalytic nanoparticles to produce 2D patterned nanocrystal arrays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gangopadhyay, A K; Krishna, H; Favazza, C; Miller, C; Kalyanaraman, R

2007-01-01

Templates are widely used to produce artificial nanostructures. Here, laser-assisted self-organization has been used to form one- and two-dimensional (D) nanoarrays of Cu nanocrystals. Using these nanoarrays as a template, a 2D patterned ferromagnetic nanostructure of FeCrSi nanocrystals has been produced by heterogeneous nucleation and growth of nanocrystals by partial devitrification from an amorphous Fe 64.5 Cr 10 Si 13.5 B 9 Nb 3 alloy with the Cu nanoparticles acting as catalytic nucleation sites. The interaction among the ferromagnetic nanocrystals via the residual amorphous matrix can be controlled by suitable choice of the amorphous alloy composition. Although demonstrated for a ferromagnetic system, the processing method may have much wider applicability for producing artificial nanostructures of a wide variety of materials when materials-specific catalysts and amorphous alloy compositions are judiciously chosen

Gilbert damping constant of FePd alloy thin films estimated by broadband ferromagnetic resonance

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kawai T.

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Magnetic relaxation of FePd alloy epitaxial thin films with very flat surfaces prepared on MgO(001 substrate are measured by in-plane broadband ferromagnetic resonance (FMR. Magnetic relaxation is investigated as Δω for FMR absorption peak by frequency sweep measurements. ΔH is calculated by using the measured Δω. Gilbert damping constant, α, is estimated by employing a straight line fitting of the resonant frequency dependence of ΔH. The α value for an FePd film deposited at 200 ˚C, which shows disordered A1 structure, is 0.010 and ΔH0, which is frequency independent part of ΔH, is 10 Oe. The α value for a film annealed at 400 ˚C, which shows partially L10 ordered structure (S=0.32, is 0.013, which is slightly larger than that for the disorder A1 structure film. However, ΔH0 for the annealed film is 85 Oe, which is much larger than that for the film with disordered structure. The results show that the magnetic relaxation of the 400 ˚C annealed film is mainly dominated by ΔH0, which is related with magnetic in-homogeneity caused by the appearance of perpendicular anisotropy of partially ordered phase.

Study of magnetoresistance in the supercooled state of Dy-Y alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Jena, Rudra Prasad; Lakhani, Archana

2018-02-01

We report the magnetoresistance studies on Dy1-xYx (x ≤ 0.05) alloys across the first order helimagnetic to ferromagnetic phase transition. These alloys exhibit multiple magnetic phases on varying the temperature and magnetic field. The magnetoresistance studies in the hysteresis region shows irreversibility in forward and reverse field cycles. The resistivity values at zero field for these alloys after zero field cooling to the measurement temperatures, are different in both forward and reverse field cycles. The path dependence of magnetoresistance suggests the presence of helimagnetic phase as the supercooled metastable state which transforms to the stable ferromagnetic state on increasing the field. At high magnetic fields negative magnetoresistance following a linear dependence with field is observed which is attributed to the magnon scattering.

Conductance spectra of asymmetric ferromagnet/ferromagnet/ferromagnet junctions

Science.gov (United States)

Pasanai, K.

2017-01-01

A theory of tunneling spectroscopy of ferromagnet/ferromagnet/ferromagnet junctions was studied. We applied a delta-functional approximation for the interface scattering properties under a one-dimensional system of a free electron approach. The reflection and transmission probabilities were calculated in the ballistic regime, and the conductance spectra were then calculated using the Landauer formulation. The magnetization directions were set to be either parallel (P) or anti-parallel (AP) alignments, for comparison. We found that the conductance spectra was suppressed when increasing the interfacial scattering at the interfaces. Moreover, the electron could exhibit direct transmission when the thickness was rather thin. Thus, there was no oscillation in this case. However, in the case of a thick layer the conductance spectra oscillated, and this oscillation was most prominent when the middle layer thickness increased. In the case of direct transmission, the conductance spectra of P and AP systems were definitely suppressed with increased exchange energy of the middle ferromagnet. This also refers to an increase in the magnetoresistance of the junction. In the case of oscillatory behavior, the positions of the resonance peaks were changed as the exchange energy was changed.

Magnetic tunneling junctions with the Heusler compound Co{sub 2}Cr{sub 0.6}Fe{sub 0.4}Al

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Conca Parra, A.

2007-07-20

Materials with large spin polarization are required for applications in spintronics devices. For this reason, major research efforts are directed to study the properties of compounds which are expected to be half metals, i.e. materials with 100% spin polarization. Half metals are expected to have a gap in the density of states at the Fermi energy for one spin band while the other spin band is metallic leading to a completely spin polarized current. The ferromagnetic full Heusler alloy Co{sub 2}Cr{sub 0.6}Fe{sub 0.4}Al (CCFA) has attracted great interest in the field of spintronics. The high Tc (800 K) and the expected half metallicity make CCFA a good candidate for applications in spintronic devices such as magnetic tunneling junctions (MTJs). This thesis presents the results of the study of the electronic and structural properties of CCFA thin films. The films were implemented in magnetic tunneling junctions and the tunneling magnetoresistance effect (TMR) was investigated. The main objectives were the measurement of the spin polarisation of the CCFA alloy and to obtain information about its electronic structure. The influence of the deposition conditions on the thin film properties and on the surface crystalline order and their respective influence on the TMR ratio was investigated. Epitaxial CCFA thin films with two alternative growth orientations were deposited on different substrates and buffer layers. An annealing step was used to improve the crystalline properties of the thin films. In the tunneling junctions, Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} was used as a barrier material and Co was chosen as counter electrode. The multilayer systems were patterned in Mesa structures using lithographic techniques. In the framework of the Julliere model, a maximum spin polarisation of 54% at 4K was measured in tunneling junctions with epitaxial CCFA electrodes. A strong influence of the annealing temperature on the TMR ratio was determined. The increase of the TMR ratio could be correlated

Nanoscale structural heterogeneity in Ni-rich half-Heusler TiNiSn

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Douglas, Jason E.; Pollock, Tresa M.; Chater, Philip A.; Brown, Craig M.; Seshadri, Ram

2014-01-01

The structural implications of excess Ni in the TiNiSn half-Heusler compound are examined through a combination of synchrotron x-ray and neutron scattering studies, in conjunction with first principles density functional theory calculations on supercells. Despite the phase diagram suggesting that TiNiSn is a line compound with no solid solution, for small x in TiNi 1+x Sn there is indeed an appearance—from careful analysis of the scattering—of some solubility, with the excess Ni occupying the interstitial tetrahedral site in the half-Heusler structure. The analysis performed here would point to the excess Ni not being statistically distributed, but rather occurring as coherent nanoclusters. First principles calculations of energetics, carried out using supercells, support a scenario of Ni interstitials clustering, rather than a statistical distribution.

Heterogeneous nucleation of amorphous alloys on catalytic nanoparticles to produce 2D patterned nanocrystal arrays

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gangopadhyay, A K [Department of Physics, Washington University in St Louis, MO 63130 (United States); Krishna, H [Department of Physics, Washington University in St Louis, MO 63130 (United States); Favazza, C [Department of Physics, Washington University in St Louis, MO 63130 (United States); Miller, C [Center for Materials Innovation, Washington University in St Louis, MO 63130 (United States); Kalyanaraman, R [Department of Physics, Washington University in St Louis, MO 63130 (United States)

2007-12-05

Templates are widely used to produce artificial nanostructures. Here, laser-assisted self-organization has been used to form one- and two-dimensional (D) nanoarrays of Cu nanocrystals. Using these nanoarrays as a template, a 2D patterned ferromagnetic nanostructure of FeCrSi nanocrystals has been produced by heterogeneous nucleation and growth of nanocrystals by partial devitrification from an amorphous Fe{sub 64.5}Cr{sub 10}Si{sub 13.5}B{sub 9}Nb{sub 3} alloy with the Cu nanoparticles acting as catalytic nucleation sites. The interaction among the ferromagnetic nanocrystals via the residual amorphous matrix can be controlled by suitable choice of the amorphous alloy composition. Although demonstrated for a ferromagnetic system, the processing method may have much wider applicability for producing artificial nanostructures of a wide variety of materials when materials-specific catalysts and amorphous alloy compositions are judiciously chosen.

Half-heusler alloys with enhanced figure of merit and methods of making

Science.gov (United States)

Ren, Zhifeng; Yan, Xiao; Joshi, Giri; Chen, Shuo; Chen, Gang; Poudel, Bed; Caylor, James Christopher

2015-06-02

Thermoelectric materials and methods of making thermoelectric materials having a nanometer mean grain size less than 1 micron. The method includes combining and arc melting constituent elements of the thermoelectric material to form a liquid alloy of the thermoelectric material and casting the liquid alloy of the thermoelectric material to form a solid casting of the thermoelectric material. The method also includes ball milling the solid casting of the thermoelectric material into nanometer mean size particles and sintering the nanometer size particles to form the thermoelectric material having nanometer scale mean grain size.

Josephson junctions with ferromagnetic alloy interlayer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Himmel, Nico

2015-07-23

Josephson junctions are used as active devices in superconducting electronics and quantum information technology. Outstanding properties are their distinct non-linear electrical characteristics and a usually sinusoidal relation between the current and the superconducting phase difference across the junction. In general the insertion of ferromagnetic material in the barrier of a Josephson junction is associated with a suppression of superconducting correlations. But also new phenomena can arise which may allow new circuit layouts and enhance the performance of applications. This thesis presents a systematic investigation for two concepts to fabricate Josephson junctions with a rather uncommon negative critical current. Such devices exhibit an intrinsic phase slip of π between the electrodes, so they are also known as π junctions. Both studies go well beyond existing experiments and in one system a π junction is shown for the first time. All the thin film junctions are based on superconducting Nb electrodes. In a first approach, barriers made from Si and Fe were investigated with respect to the realisation of π junctions by spin-flip processes. The distribution of Fe in the Si matrix was varied from pure layers to disperse compounds. The systematic fabrication of alloy barriers was facilitated by the development of a novel timing-based combinatorial sputtering technique for planetary deposition systems. An orthogonal gradient approach allowed to create binary layer libraries with independent variations of thickness and composition. Second, Nb vertical stroke AlO{sub x} vertical stroke Nb vertical stroke Ni{sub 60}Cu{sub 40} vertical stroke Nb (SIsFS) double barrier junctions were experimentally studied for the occurrence of proximity effect induced order parameter oscillations. Detailed dependencies of the critical current density on the thickness of s-layer and F-layer were acquired and show a remarkable agreement to existing theoretical predictions. Especially

Josephson junctions with ferromagnetic alloy interlayer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Himmel, Nico

2015-01-01

Josephson junctions are used as active devices in superconducting electronics and quantum information technology. Outstanding properties are their distinct non-linear electrical characteristics and a usually sinusoidal relation between the current and the superconducting phase difference across the junction. In general the insertion of ferromagnetic material in the barrier of a Josephson junction is associated with a suppression of superconducting correlations. But also new phenomena can arise which may allow new circuit layouts and enhance the performance of applications. This thesis presents a systematic investigation for two concepts to fabricate Josephson junctions with a rather uncommon negative critical current. Such devices exhibit an intrinsic phase slip of π between the electrodes, so they are also known as π junctions. Both studies go well beyond existing experiments and in one system a π junction is shown for the first time. All the thin film junctions are based on superconducting Nb electrodes. In a first approach, barriers made from Si and Fe were investigated with respect to the realisation of π junctions by spin-flip processes. The distribution of Fe in the Si matrix was varied from pure layers to disperse compounds. The systematic fabrication of alloy barriers was facilitated by the development of a novel timing-based combinatorial sputtering technique for planetary deposition systems. An orthogonal gradient approach allowed to create binary layer libraries with independent variations of thickness and composition. Second, Nb vertical stroke AlO x vertical stroke Nb vertical stroke Ni 60 Cu 40 vertical stroke Nb (SIsFS) double barrier junctions were experimentally studied for the occurrence of proximity effect induced order parameter oscillations. Detailed dependencies of the critical current density on the thickness of s-layer and F-layer were acquired and show a remarkable agreement to existing theoretical predictions. Especially a variation of

The fluctuation field and anomalous magnetic viscosity in commercial NdFeB alloys, AlNiCo and the bulk amorphous ferromagnets Nd{sub 60}Fe{sub 30}Al{sub 10} and Nd{sub 60}Fe{sub 20}Co{sub 10}Al{sub 10}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Collocott, S.J. [CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Lindfield, NSW 2070 (Australia)], E-mail: stephen.collocott@csiro.au; Dunlop, J.B. [CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Lindfield, NSW 2070 (Australia)

2008-08-15

The fluctuation field, H{sub f}, is a useful parameter for characterising any ferromagnetic material that displays hysteresis, as it is a measure of the thermally activated rate processes that govern magnetisation reversals. Anomalous magnetic viscosity, i.e. nonmonotonic behaviour of the time dependent magnetisation, where the magnetisation is seen to increase, reach a peak, and then decrease, has been observed on both the upper and lower branches of minor loops or recoil curves in some ferromagnetic materials. Parameters relevant to the Preisach model are discussed as to their usefulness in predicting anomalous magnetic viscosity in ferromagnetic materials. This is done with reference to measurements of H{sub f} and the time dependent magnetisation in commercial NdFeB alloys, AlNiCo and the bulk amorphous ferromagnets Nd{sub 60}Fe{sub 30}Al{sub 10} and Nd{sub 60}Fe{sub 20}Co{sub 10}Al{sub 10}.

Electronic structure, magnetic and transport properties of the Heusler shape memory alloy Mn{sub 2}NiGa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Blum, C.G.F. [Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg - University, Mainz (Germany); Institute of Solid State Research, IFW Dresden, D-01171 Dresden (Germany); Ouardi, S.; Fecher, G.H.; Balke, B.; Felser, C. [Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg - University, Mainz (Germany); Wurmehl, S.; Buechner, B. [Institute of Solid State Research, IFW Dresden, D-01171 Dresden (Germany); Ueda, S.; Kobayashi, K. [NIMS Beamline Station, National Institute for Materials Science, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan. (Germany)

2011-07-01

Magnetic shape memory based on Heusler compounds have received increasing interest, due their potential use for actuator and sensor applications. The single crystals Mn{sub 2}NiGa were grown by the optical floating zone method using a image furnace with vertical setup under a purified argon atmosphere. The both cubic (austenite) and tetragonal (martensite) phases of the sample were determined using temperature dependence powder x-ray diffraction XRD. The effect of martensitic transitions on the magnetic and transport properties of the compound was investigated by measuring the saturation magnetization, electrical resistivity {rho}(T), the Seebeck coefficient S(T) and magnetoresistance R{sub M}. All measurements detect clear signatures of the martensitic transition around room temperature with a thermal hysteresis up to 30 K. The electronic structures of the martensitic as well the austenitic phase were investigated using bulk-sensitive hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES).

The influence of atomic order on the magnetic and structural properties of the ferromagnetic shape memory compound Ni sub 2 MnGa

CERN Document Server

Kreissl, M; Stephens, T; Ziebeck, K R A

2003-01-01

The effect of atomic order on the martensitic phase transition and magnetic properties of stoichiometric Ni sub 2 MnGa has been investigated in a sample quenched from 1000 deg C. Magnetization, resistivity and x-ray diffraction measurements indicate that the structural phase transition occurs at approx 103 K, substantially lower than the value reported for samples quenched from 800 deg C and ordered in the Heusler L2 sub 1 structure. A small reduction in the ferromagnetic moment was also observed, although the Curie temperature remained largely unaffected. The electronic Sommerfeld coefficient obtained from heat capacity measurements is enhanced but smaller than that observed for the 800 deg C quenched sample. The results are consistent with band structure calculations and the electronic changes brought about by atomic disorder.

Local environment effects in disordered alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cable, J.W.

1978-01-01

The magnetic moment of an atom in a ferromagnetic disordered alloy depends on the local environment of that atom. This is particularly true for Ni and Pd based alloys for which neutron diffuse scattering measurements of the range and magnitude of the moment disturbances indicate that both magnetic and chemical environment are important in determining the moment distribution. In this paper we review recent neutron studies of local environment effects in Ni based alloys. These are discussed in terms of a phenomenological model that allows a separation of the total moment disturbance at a Ni site into its chemical and magnetic components

Conductance spectra of asymmetric ferromagnet/ferromagnet/ferromagnet junctions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pasanai, K., E-mail: krisakronmsu@gmail.com

2017-01-15

A theory of tunneling spectroscopy of ferromagnet/ferromagnet/ferromagnet junctions was studied. We applied a delta-functional approximation for the interface scattering properties under a one-dimensional system of a free electron approach. The reflection and transmission probabilities were calculated in the ballistic regime, and the conductance spectra were then calculated using the Landauer formulation. The magnetization directions were set to be either parallel (P) or anti-parallel (AP) alignments, for comparison. We found that the conductance spectra was suppressed when increasing the interfacial scattering at the interfaces. Moreover, the electron could exhibit direct transmission when the thickness was rather thin. Thus, there was no oscillation in this case. However, in the case of a thick layer the conductance spectra oscillated, and this oscillation was most prominent when the middle layer thickness increased. In the case of direct transmission, the conductance spectra of P and AP systems were definitely suppressed with increased exchange energy of the middle ferromagnet. This also refers to an increase in the magnetoresistance of the junction. In the case of oscillatory behavior, the positions of the resonance peaks were changed as the exchange energy was changed. - Highlights: • The conductance spectra of a FM/FM/FM junction were calculated. • The conductance spectra were suppressed by the exchange energy. • The exchange energy and the potential strength play similar roles in the junctions.

Conductance spectra of asymmetric ferromagnet/ferromagnet/ferromagnet junctions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pasanai, K.

2017-01-01

A theory of tunneling spectroscopy of ferromagnet/ferromagnet/ferromagnet junctions was studied. We applied a delta-functional approximation for the interface scattering properties under a one-dimensional system of a free electron approach. The reflection and transmission probabilities were calculated in the ballistic regime, and the conductance spectra were then calculated using the Landauer formulation. The magnetization directions were set to be either parallel (P) or anti-parallel (AP) alignments, for comparison. We found that the conductance spectra was suppressed when increasing the interfacial scattering at the interfaces. Moreover, the electron could exhibit direct transmission when the thickness was rather thin. Thus, there was no oscillation in this case. However, in the case of a thick layer the conductance spectra oscillated, and this oscillation was most prominent when the middle layer thickness increased. In the case of direct transmission, the conductance spectra of P and AP systems were definitely suppressed with increased exchange energy of the middle ferromagnet. This also refers to an increase in the magnetoresistance of the junction. In the case of oscillatory behavior, the positions of the resonance peaks were changed as the exchange energy was changed. - Highlights: • The conductance spectra of a FM/FM/FM junction were calculated. • The conductance spectra were suppressed by the exchange energy. • The exchange energy and the potential strength play similar roles in the junctions.

Study of magnetism in Ni–Cr hardface alloy deposit on 316LN stainless steel using magnetic force microscopy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kishore, G.V.K.; Kumar, Anish, E-mail: anish@igcar.gov.in; Chakraborty, Gopa; Albert, S.K; Rao, B. Purna Chandra; Bhaduri, A.K.; Jayakumar, T.

2015-07-01

Nickel base Ni–Cr alloy variants are extensively used for hardfacing of austenitic stainless steel components in sodium cooled fast reactors (SFRs) to avoid self-welding and galling. Considerable difference in the compositions and melting points of the substrate and the Ni–Cr alloy results in significant dilution of the hardface deposit from the substrate. Even though, both the deposit and the substrate are non-magnetic, the diluted region exhibits ferromagnetic behavior. The present paper reports a systematic study carried out on the variations in microstructures and magnetic behavior of American Welding Society (AWS) Ni Cr–C deposited layers on 316 LN austenitic stainless steels, using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and magnetic force microscopy (MFM). The phase variations of the oscillations of a Co–Cr alloy coated magnetic field sensitive cantilever is used to quantitatively study the magnetic strength of the evolved microstructure in the diluted region as a function of the distance from the deposit/substrate interface, with the spatial resolution of about 100 nm. The acquired AFM/MFM images and the magnetic property profiles have been correlated with the variations in the chemical compositions in the diluted layers obtained by the energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The study indicates that both the volume fraction of the ferromagnetic phase and its ferromagnetic strength decrease with increasing distance from the deposit/substrate interface. A distinct difference is observed in the ferromagnetic strength in the first few layers and the ferromagnetism is observed only near to the precipitates in the fifth layer. The study provides a better insight of the evolution of ferromagnetism in the diluted layers of Ni–Cr alloy deposits on stainless steel. - Highlights: • Study of evolution of ferromagnetism in Comonoy-6 deposit on austenitic steel. • Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) exhibited ferromagnetic matrix in first two layers. • The maximum MFM

Double ferromagnetism in single-crystal Gd-Y-Lu alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ito, T.; Oka, M.; Legvold, S.; Beaudry, B.J.

1984-01-01

Magnetization, electrical resistivity, specific-heat and thermal-expansion measurements have been made on Gd-Y-Lu single crystals. Low isofield magnetization data for the a-axis sample of Gd 75 Y/sub 17.5/ Lu/sub 7.5/ exhibit two different Curie-Weiss regimes, which suggests double ferromagnetism. Electrical resistivity, specific-heat, and thermal-expansion data show two anomalies at the transition temperatures. The anomaly at 231.5 K shows a lambda-type second-order phase transition and the anomaly at 223 K shows a sharp spike first-order phase transition

Study of magnetism in Ni-Cr hardface alloy deposit on 316LN stainless steel using magnetic force microscopy

Science.gov (United States)

Kishore, G. V. K.; Kumar, Anish; Chakraborty, Gopa; Albert, S. K.; Rao, B. Purna Chandra; Bhaduri, A. K.; Jayakumar, T.

2015-07-01

Nickel base Ni-Cr alloy variants are extensively used for hardfacing of austenitic stainless steel components in sodium cooled fast reactors (SFRs) to avoid self-welding and galling. Considerable difference in the compositions and melting points of the substrate and the Ni-Cr alloy results in significant dilution of the hardface deposit from the substrate. Even though, both the deposit and the substrate are non-magnetic, the diluted region exhibits ferromagnetic behavior. The present paper reports a systematic study carried out on the variations in microstructures and magnetic behavior of American Welding Society (AWS) Ni Cr-C deposited layers on 316 LN austenitic stainless steels, using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and magnetic force microscopy (MFM). The phase variations of the oscillations of a Co-Cr alloy coated magnetic field sensitive cantilever is used to quantitatively study the magnetic strength of the evolved microstructure in the diluted region as a function of the distance from the deposit/substrate interface, with the spatial resolution of about 100 nm. The acquired AFM/MFM images and the magnetic property profiles have been correlated with the variations in the chemical compositions in the diluted layers obtained by the energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The study indicates that both the volume fraction of the ferromagnetic phase and its ferromagnetic strength decrease with increasing distance from the deposit/substrate interface. A distinct difference is observed in the ferromagnetic strength in the first few layers and the ferromagnetism is observed only near to the precipitates in the fifth layer. The study provides a better insight of the evolution of ferromagnetism in the diluted layers of Ni-Cr alloy deposits on stainless steel.

Martensitic transformation in Co-based ferromagnetic shape memory alloy

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Kopeček, Jaromír; Yokaichiya, F.; Laufek, F.; Jarošová, Markéta; Jurek, Karel; Drahokoupil, Jan; Sedláková-Ignácová, Silvia; Molnár, Peter; Heczko, Oleg

2012-01-01

Roč. 122, č. 3 (2012), s. 475-477 ISSN 0587-4246. [International Symposium on Physics of Materials, ISPMA /12./. Praha, 04.09.2011-08.09.2011] R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA101/09/0702; GA ČR GAP107/10/0824; GA AV ČR IAA100100920 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10100520; CEZ:AV0Z10100521 Keywords : microstructure * shape memory alloys * neutron diffraction * cobalt alloys Subject RIV: JG - Metallurgy Impact factor: 0.531, year: 2012

Microstructural evolution and creep of Fe-Al-Ta alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Prokopcakova, Petra; Svec, Martin [Technical University of Liberec (Czech Republic). Dept. of Material Science; Palm, Martin [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Eisenforschung GmbH, Duesseldorf (Germany). Structure and Nano-/Micromechanics of Materials

2016-05-15

The microstructural evolution in Fe-Al-Ta alloys containing 23 - 31 at.% Al and 1.5 - 2.2 at.% Ta has been studied in the temperature range 650 - 750 C by annealing for 1, 10, 100 and 1 000 h. The experiments confirm that in this temperature range the precipitation of the stable hexagonal C14 Laves phase is preceded by formation of coherent, metastable L2{sub 1} Heusler phase precipitates within the Fe-Al matrix. However, precipitates of C14 are observed after much shorter annealing times than previously assumed. Creep strength increases substantially with increasing Al content of the alloys because the solid solubility for Ta in the Fe-Al matrix increases with increasing Al content and solid-solution hardening contributes substantially to the observed high creep strength. It may therefore be that the microstructural changes during creep have no noticeable effect on creep strength.

Microstructural evolution and creep of Fe-Al-Ta alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Prokopcakova, Petra; Svec, Martin; Palm, Martin

2016-01-01

The microstructural evolution in Fe-Al-Ta alloys containing 23 - 31 at.% Al and 1.5 - 2.2 at.% Ta has been studied in the temperature range 650 - 750 C by annealing for 1, 10, 100 and 1 000 h. The experiments confirm that in this temperature range the precipitation of the stable hexagonal C14 Laves phase is preceded by formation of coherent, metastable L2 1 Heusler phase precipitates within the Fe-Al matrix. However, precipitates of C14 are observed after much shorter annealing times than previously assumed. Creep strength increases substantially with increasing Al content of the alloys because the solid solubility for Ta in the Fe-Al matrix increases with increasing Al content and solid-solution hardening contributes substantially to the observed high creep strength. It may therefore be that the microstructural changes during creep have no noticeable effect on creep strength.

Eddy current inspection of mildly ferromagnetic tubing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mayo, W.R.; Carter, J.R.

1984-02-01

The past decade has seen the development of eddy current probes for inspection of the mildly ferro-magnetic alloy Monel 400. Due to the rapid advances in permanent magnet technology similar probes have been upgraded to magnetically saturate, and hence inspect, the duplex stainless steel Sandvik 3RE60, which has saturation induction more than twice that of Monel 400. Prototypes of these probes have been tested in three ways: saturation capability, quality of typical eddy current data, and ability to eliminate permeability induced signals. Successful laboratory testing, potential applications, and limitations of these type probes are discussed

Ferritic Alloys with Extreme Creep Resistance via Coherent Hierarchical Precipitates.

Science.gov (United States)

Song, Gian; Sun, Zhiqian; Li, Lin; Xu, Xiandong; Rawlings, Michael; Liebscher, Christian H; Clausen, Bjørn; Poplawsky, Jonathan; Leonard, Donovan N; Huang, Shenyan; Teng, Zhenke; Liu, Chain T; Asta, Mark D; Gao, Yanfei; Dunand, David C; Ghosh, Gautam; Chen, Mingwei; Fine, Morris E; Liaw, Peter K

2015-11-09

There have been numerous efforts to develop creep-resistant materials strengthened by incoherent particles at high temperatures and stresses in response to future energy needs for steam turbines in thermal-power plants. However, the microstructural instability of the incoherent-particle-strengthened ferritic steels limits their application to temperatures below 900 K. Here, we report a novel ferritic alloy with the excellent creep resistance enhanced by coherent hierarchical precipitates, using the integrated experimental (transmission-electron microscopy/scanning-transmission-electron microscopy, in-situ neutron diffraction, and atom-probe tomography) and theoretical (crystal-plasticity finite-element modeling) approaches. This alloy is strengthened by nano-scaled L21-Ni2TiAl (Heusler phase)-based precipitates, which themselves contain coherent nano-scaled B2 zones. These coherent hierarchical precipitates are uniformly distributed within the Fe matrix. Our hierarchical structure material exhibits the superior creep resistance at 973 K in terms of the minimal creep rate, which is four orders of magnitude lower than that of conventional ferritic steels. These results provide a new alloy-design strategy using the novel concept of hierarchical precipitates and the fundamental science for developing creep-resistant ferritic alloys. The present research will broaden the applications of ferritic alloys to higher temperatures.

Chemical, electronic, and magnetic structure of LaFeCoSi alloy: Surface and bulk properties

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lollobrigida, V. [Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, I-00146 Rome (Italy); Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università Roma Tre, I-00146 Rome (Italy); Basso, V.; Kuepferling, M.; Coïsson, M.; Olivetti, E. S.; Celegato, F. [Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM), I-10135 Torino (Italy); Borgatti, F. [CNR, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN), I-40129 Bologna (Italy); Torelli, P.; Panaccione, G. [CNR, Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), Lab. TASC, I-34149 Trieste (Italy); Tortora, L. [Laboratorio di Analisi di Superficie, Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università Roma Tre, I-00146 Rome (Italy); Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica, Università Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome (Italy); Stefani, G.; Offi, F. [Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, I-00146 Rome (Italy)

2014-05-28

We investigate the chemical, electronic, and magnetic structure of the magnetocaloric LaFeCoSi compound with bulk and surface sensitive techniques. We put in evidence that the surface retains a soft ferromagnetic behavior at temperatures higher than the Curie temperature of the bulk due to the presence of Fe clusters at the surface only. This peculiar magnetic surface effect is attributed to the exchange interaction between the ferromagnetic Fe clusters located at the surface and the bulk magnetocaloric alloy, and it is used here to monitor the magnetic properties of the alloy itself.

Chemical, electronic, and magnetic structure of LaFeCoSi alloy: Surface and bulk properties

Science.gov (United States)

Lollobrigida, V.; Basso, V.; Borgatti, F.; Torelli, P.; Kuepferling, M.; Coïsson, M.; Olivetti, E. S.; Celegato, F.; Tortora, L.; Stefani, G.; Panaccione, G.; Offi, F.

2014-05-01

We investigate the chemical, electronic, and magnetic structure of the magnetocaloric LaFeCoSi compound with bulk and surface sensitive techniques. We put in evidence that the surface retains a soft ferromagnetic behavior at temperatures higher than the Curie temperature of the bulk due to the presence of Fe clusters at the surface only. This peculiar magnetic surface effect is attributed to the exchange interaction between the ferromagnetic Fe clusters located at the surface and the bulk magnetocaloric alloy, and it is used here to monitor the magnetic properties of the alloy itself.

Chemical, electronic, and magnetic structure of LaFeCoSi alloy: Surface and bulk properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lollobrigida, V.; Basso, V.; Kuepferling, M.; Coïsson, M.; Olivetti, E. S.; Celegato, F.; Borgatti, F.; Torelli, P.; Panaccione, G.; Tortora, L.; Stefani, G.; Offi, F.

2014-01-01

We investigate the chemical, electronic, and magnetic structure of the magnetocaloric LaFeCoSi compound with bulk and surface sensitive techniques. We put in evidence that the surface retains a soft ferromagnetic behavior at temperatures higher than the Curie temperature of the bulk due to the presence of Fe clusters at the surface only. This peculiar magnetic surface effect is attributed to the exchange interaction between the ferromagnetic Fe clusters located at the surface and the bulk magnetocaloric alloy, and it is used here to monitor the magnetic properties of the alloy itself.

"Magnon Spintronics"

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Haiming; Xiao, Jiang; Pirro, Philipp

2018-03-01

We are proud to present a collection of 12 cutting-edge research articles on the emerging field "magnon spintronics" investigating the properties of spin waves or magnons towards their potential applications in low-power-consumption information technologies. Magnons (quasiparticles of spin waves) are collective excitations of magnetizations in a magnetic system. The concept for such excitations was first introduced 1930 by Felix Bloch [1] who described ferromagnetism in a lattice. The field of magnon spintronics [2] or magnonics [3] aims at utilizing magnons to realize information processing and storage. The propagation of spin waves is free of charge transport, hence a successful realization of magnonic devices can innately avoid Joule heating induced energy loss in nowadays micro- or nano-electronic devices. Magnonics has made many progresses in recent years, including the demonstration of magnonic logic devices [4]. Towards the aim to generate magnonic devices, it is an essential step to find materials suitable for conveying spin waves. One outstanding candidate is a ferromagnetic insulator yttrium iron garnet (YIG). It offers an out standing low damping which allows the propagation of spin waves over relatively long distances. Experiments on such a thin YIG film with an out-of-plane magnetization have been performed by Chen et al. [5]. They excited so called forward volume mode spin waves and determined the propagating spin wave properties, such as the group velocities. Lohman et al. [6] has successfully imaged the propagating spin waves using time-resolved MOKE microscopy and show agreement with micromagnetic modellings. For very long time, YIG is the most ideal material for spin waves thanks to its ultra-low damping. However, it remains a major challenge integrate YIG on to Silicon substrate. Magnetic Heusler alloys on the other hand, can be easily grown on Si substrate and also shows reasonably good damping properties, which allow spin waves to propagate

Magnetic regimes in amorphous Ni--Fe--P--B alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Durand, J.

1976-10-01

A complete substitution of iron for nickel was obtained by splat-cooling in amorphous alloys of composition (Ni/sub 100-y/Fe/sub y/) 79 P 13 B 8 . Results of high-field magnetization (up to 70 kOe), ac and dc low-field susceptibility, Curie temperature, and resistivity measurements over a temperature range of 1.7 to 300 0 K are reported. The Ni 79 P 13 B 8 alloy is not ferromagnetic, but the magnetization behavior as a function of field and temperature is typically that of alloys in the critical concentration range for ferromagnetism. The Fe 79 P 13 B 8 alloy is ferromagnetic with a Curie temperature T/sub c/ of 616 0 K. For y = 1 at. percent, the Fe atoms are magnetic. The variation of the moment per Fe atom as a function of y is discussed. When y is increased, the Ni atoms are likely to be polarized progressively and the moment per Ni atom would be roughly constant for y equal to or greater than 30 at. percent. Various magnetic behaviors were defined as a function of the Fe content. The value of T/sub c/ reaches a maximum for y similarly ordered 90 at. percent and extrapolates to zero for y similarly ordered 7 at. percent. Alloys within the range 1 equal to or less than y equal to or less than 10 at. percent did not exhibit well-defined Curie transition, but sharp maxima in low-field susceptibility measurements were observed at T/sub M/. The value of T/sub M/ is proportional to y for 1 equal to or less than y equal to or less than 4 at. percent, as in classical spin-glass regimes. For 4 less than y equal to or less than 10 at. percent, the variation of T/sub M/ as a function of y implies a more complicated type of magnetic ordering (micromagnetism or superparamagnetism). Homogeneous ferromagnetic ordering emerges only for y greater than 10 at. percent. Results of resistivity measurements are discussed in relation to the magnetic properties of different regimes in the magnetic phase diagram. 6 figures, 2 tables

Electronic Topological Transitions in CuNiMnAl and CuNiMnSn under pressure from first principles study

Science.gov (United States)

Rambabu, P.; Kanchana, V.

2018-06-01

A detailed study on quaternary ordered full Heusler alloys CuNiMnAl and CuNiMnSn at ambient and under different compressions is presented using first principles electronic structure calculations. Both the compounds are found to possess ferromagnetic nature at ambient with magnetic moment of Mn being 3.14 μB and 3.35 μB respectively in CuNiMnAl and CuNiMnSn. The total magnetic moment for both the compounds is found to decrease under compression. Fermi surface (FS) topology change is observed in both compounds under pressure at V/V0 = 0.90, further leading to Electronic Topological Transitions (ETTs) and is evidenced by the anomalies visualized in density of states and elastic constants under compression.

Spin glass and ferromagnetic properties of Ce(Cu_1_-_xNi_x)_4Mn alloys: Multicritical points in the magnetic phase diagram

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Synoradzki, K.; Toliński, T.

2016-01-01

We report on the CeNi_4Mn (ferromagnet FM) - CeCu_4Mn (spin-glass SG) transformation leading to a complex magnetic phase diagram (MPD). It is verified that all the Ce(Cu_1_-_xNi_x)_4Mn alloys are isostructural and the transformation is governed only by the Cu-Ni substitution. MPD is built based on the magnetic dc/ac susceptibility measurements and reveals SG formation as well as the region of the coexistence of the FM and SG state in the middle range of the Ni concentration. The complex MPD is explained by clusters formation and a competition of interactions between various crystallographic sites of the hexagonal CaCu_5-type structure, mainly the 3g-3g and 3g-2c interactions. The predominance of the SG state is confirmed by the analysis of the frequency dependence of the ac magnetic susceptibility components and the relaxation of the remanent magnetization. Additionally, the presence of two multicritical points is observed. - Highlights: • We fully characterized the magnetic properties of Ce(Cu_1_-_xNi_x)_4Mn alloys. • We show the presence of complex magnetic behaviour due to atomic-site disorder. • Magnetic phase diagram revels mixed-phase ground state. • Two multicritical points on magnetic phase diagram occurs.

Thermodynamic-state and kinetic-process dependent dual ferromagnetic states in high-Si content FeMn(PSi) alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li, Guijiang; Eriksson, Olle; Johansson, Börje; Vitos, Levente

2015-01-01

We have found that thermodynamic state and kinetic process co-determine the dual ferromagnetic (FM) orders in high-Si content FeMnP 1−x Si x (0.25 < x < 0.5). Alloys undergoing high temperature annealing and quenching process prefer a high magnetic moment FM state in a chemically partial disordered structure with low c/a ratio. This mechanism is suggested to be responsible for the often discussed virgin effect as well. A chemically ordered structure obtained by a slow cooling process from a relatively low annealing temperature and the increase in Si content stabilize a metastable lattice with high c/a ratio and FM order with low magnetic moment. The non-simultaneity of the magnetic and structural transitions can be responsible for the occurrence of FM state in the high c/a range. Thus, a c/a ratio that changes from high to low is physically plausible to stabilize the metastable FM order at low temperature. Our theoretical observations indicate that suitable thermodynamic state and kinetic diffusion process is crucial for optimizing magnetocaloric properties and exploring feasible magnetocaloric materials

Electromagnetic Characterization Of Metallic Sensory Alloy

Science.gov (United States)

Wincheski, Russell A.; Simpson, John; Wallace, Terryl A.; Newman, John A.; Leser, Paul; Lahue, Rob

2012-01-01

Ferromagnetic shape-memory alloy (FSMA) particles undergo changes in both electromagnetic properties and crystallographic structure when strained. When embedded in a structural material, these attributes can provide sensory output of the strain state of the structure. In this work, a detailed characterization of the electromagnetic properties of a FSMA under development for sensory applications is performed. In addition, a new eddy current probe is used to interrogate the electromagnetic properties of individual FSMA particles embedded in the sensory alloy during controlled fatigue tests on the multifunctional material.

Influence of disorder and interfaces on electronic and magnetic properties of Heusler systems; Einfluss von Unordnung und Grenzflaechen auf elektronische und magnetische Eigenschaften von Heusler-Systemen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Krumme, Bernhard

2012-07-17

A Moessbauer-spectroscopic investigation of Fe{sub 3} films on GaAs(100) and MgO(100) revealed a disordered growth mode of Fe{sub 3}Si on GaAs(100), which is caused by an interdiffusion of Ga/As atoms. Implementing a 3 nm thick MgO tunnelbarrier on the GaAs suface inhibits the interdiffusion and enables an epitaxial film growth of Fe{sub 3}Si. By comparing experimental X-ray absorption measurements with DFT calculations we are able to resolve the contribution of the different Fe sublattices to the XAS and XMCD signal. Taking into account atomic disorder arising from Ga/As atoms within DFT calculation yields a small reduction of the spin polarization of Fe{sub 3}Si, indicating that the system Fe{sub 3}Si/GaAs(100) still is an interesting candidate for spintronic applications. For the Heusler compounds Co{sub 2}MnSi and Co{sub 2}FeSi the influence of the 3d transition metals Mn/Fe on the hybridization was determined by X-ray absorption and DFT calculations. A depth-selective study of the electronic structure of Mn in Co{sub 2}MnSi at the vicinity to a MgO tunnelbarrier indicates an increased number of unoccupied d states referring a MnSi terminated interface. The electronic structure of Si-rich Co{sub 2}FeSi depends on the external magnetic field. This points to magnetostrictive effects in this compound. Furthermore, the Heusler compound Ni{sub 51.6}Mn{sub 32.9}Sn{sub 15.5} was studied in this work. The compound is a shape memory alloy exhibiting a large inverse magnetocaloric effect. In this work the focus was put on the element-specific magnetic properties of Ni and Mn. For Mn a strong increase of the ratio of orbital to spin magnetic moment m{sub l}/m{sub S} was observed. In the austenite phase this ratio accounts for 5 %, whereas in the martensite this value becomes 13.5 %. For Ni m{sub l}/m{sub S} is almost constant at 28 %. applying a magnetic field of 3 T in the martensite phase leads to a reduction of m{sub l}/m{sub S} for both elements, indicating a field

Development of Metallic Sensory Alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Wallace Terryl A.; Newman, John A.; Horne, Michael R.; Messick, Peter L.

2010-01-01

Existing nondestructive evaluation (NDE) technologies are inherently limited by the physical response of the structural material being inspected and are therefore not generally effective at the identification of small discontinuities, making the detection of incipient damage extremely difficult. One innovative solution to this problem is to enhance or complement the NDE signature of structural materials to dramatically improve the ability of existing NDE tools to detect damage. To address this need, a multifunctional metallic material has been developed that can be used in structural applications. The material is processed to contain second phase sensory particles that significantly improve the NDE response, enhancing the ability of conventional NDE techniques to detect incipient damage both during and after flight. Ferromagnetic shape-memory alloys (FSMAs) are an ideal material for these sensory particles as they undergo a uniform and repeatable change in both magnetic properties and crystallographic structure (martensitic transformation) when subjected to strain and/or temperature changes which can be detected using conventional NDE techniques. In this study, the use of a ferromagnetic shape memory alloy (FSMA) as the sensory particles was investigated.

Mössbauer and XRD study of the Fe65Si35 alloy obtained by mechanical alloying

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vélez, G. Y.; Rodríguez, R. R.; Melo, C. A.; Pérez Alcázar, G. A.; Zamora, Ligia E.; Tabares, J. A.

2011-01-01

A study was made on the alloy Fe 65 Si 35 using x-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectrometry. The alloy was obtained by mechanical alloying in a high energy planetary mill, with milling times of 15, 30, 50, 75 and 100 h. The results show that in the alloys two structural phases are present, a Fe-Si BCC disordered phase and ferromagnetic, and a Fe-Si SC phase, whose nature is paramagnetic and which decreases with milling time. In the temporal evolution of the milling two stages are differentiated: one between 15 and 75 h of milling, in which silicon atoms diffuse into the bcc matrix of iron and its effect is to reduce the hyperfine magnetic field; the other, after 75 h of milling, where the alloy is consolidated, the effect of the milling is only to increase the disorder of the system, increasing the magnetic order.

Effect of heat treatment on the crystal structure, martensitic transformation and magnetic properties of Mn{sub 53}Ni{sub 25}Ga{sub 22} ferromagnetic shape memory alloy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dong, G.F., E-mail: dgfu0451@sina.com [Department of mechanics Dalian University, Dalian 116622 (China); Gao, Z.Y. [National Key Laboratory Precision Hot Processing of Metals, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 405, Harbin 150001 (China)

2016-02-01

In this study, the effect of heat treatment on crystal structure, martensitic transformation, thermodynamic behavior and magnetic properties of polycrystalline Mn{sub 53}Ni{sub 25}Ga{sub 22} ferromagnetic shape memory alloy was systematically investigated. The results show that the heat treatment has obvious effect on martensitic transformation temperatures, crystal structure and hysteresis loops. Heat treatment greatly effects on transformation temperatures due to modified composition of the matrix. Martensitic transformation temperature, saturation magnetization decreased with the increase heat treatment temperature, reaching their minimum values at the heat treatment temperature of 1173 K for 12 h. Curie temperature of maximum values obtained at solution-treated of 1173 K for 12 h. In other word, increasing heat treatment temperature and time has an effect on Curie temperature. In addition, the annealed alloy Mn{sub 53}Ni{sub 25}Ga{sub 22} may completely dissolve in vacuum tubes at 1173 K for 12 h. It is found that the studied alloys have some (Mn,Ni){sub 4} Ga-type compound precipitates, which can be seen dispersing both in grain interiors and on grain boundaries at other heat treatment process. Lastly, Rietveld analysis shows the good agreement between experiment and calculated data of XRD patterns. - Highlights: • Heat treatment has obvious effect on transformation, structure and hysteresis. • Transformation temperature decreased with increase heat treatment temperature. • Magnetization decreased with increase heat treatment temperature. • Annealed alloy completely dissolve in vacuum tubes at 1123 K for 24 h.

A cluster-bethe-lattice approach to spin-waves in dilute ferromagnets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Salzberg, J.B.; Silva, C.E.T.G. da; Falicov, L.M.

1975-01-01

The spin-wave spectra of a dilute ferromagnet within the cluster-bethe-lattice approximation is studied. Short range order effects for the alloy are included. A study of finite size clusters connected at their edges to Bethe lattices of the same coordination number allows one to determine:(i) the stability condition for the magnetic system; (ii) the continuum spin-wave local density of states and (iii) the existence of localized states below and above the continuum states

Design of thermoelectrically highly efficient Heusler compounds using phase separations and nano-composites under an economic point of view

Science.gov (United States)

Balke, Benjamin

Half-Heusler (HH) compounds are one of the most promising candidates for thermoelectric materials for automotive and industrial waste heat recovery applications. In this talk, I will give an overview about our recent investigations of phase separations in HH thermoelectrics, focusing on the ternary system TiNiSn-ZrNiSn-HfNiSn. I will show how we adapted this knowledge to design a p-type HH compound which exhibits a ZT that is increased by 130% compared to the best published bulk p-type Heusler. I will also present how we used the phase separation to design thermoelectric highly efficient nano-composites of different single-phase materials. Since the price for Hafnium doubled within the last year, our research focused on the design of HH compounds without Hafnium. I will present a very recent calculation on ZT per Euro and efficiency per Euro for various materials followed by our latest very promising results for n-type Heusler compunds without Hafnium resulting in 20 times higher ZT/Euro values. These results strongly underline the importance of phase separations as a powerful tool for designing highly efficient materials for thermoelectric applications that fulfill the industrial demands for a thermoelectric converter. The author gratefully acknowledges financial support by the thermoHEUSLER2 Project (Project No. 19U15006F) of the German Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (BMWi).

The effect of a fourth element (Co, Cu, Fe, Pd) on the standard enthalpy of formation of the Heusler compound Ni{sub 2}MnSn

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yin, Ming, E-mail: myin1@hawk.iit.edu; Nash, Philip

2016-05-15

The standard enthalpies of formation of quaternary Heusler compounds (X, Ni){sub 2}MnSn (X = Co, Cu, Fe, Pd) were investigated experimentally using high temperature direct reaction calorimetry. Lattice parameters of these compounds were determined using X-ray diffraction analysis. Microstructures were identified using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The effect of an additional X element on the standard enthalpy of formation of the Heusler compound Ni{sub 2}MnSn is discussed. - Highlights: • Enthalpies of formation of (X,Ni){sub 2}YZ (X = Co, Cu, Fe, Pd) were measured by drop calorimeters. • Magnetic contribution to enthalpy of formation plays an important role. • Introducing a fourth element could stabilize an unstable Heusler structure. • Lattice parameters do not necessarily obey the Vegard's law. • It is possible to tailor properties of Heusler compounds with enough background information.

Magneto-electronic, thermal, and thermoelectric properties of some Co-based quaternary alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Bhat, Tahir Mohiuddin; Gupta, Dinesh C.

2018-01-01

In this study, quaternary Heusler alloys CoFeCrZ (Z = Si, As, Sb) were investigated based on the modified Becke-Johnson exchange potential. The electronic structures demonstrated that CoFeCrZ (Z = Si, As, Sb) alloys are completely spin polarized with indirect bandgap and has an integer magnetic moment according to the Slater-Pauling rule. Pugh's and Poisson's ratios showed that these materials are highly ductile with high melting temperatures. The thermal properties comprising the thermal expansion coefficient, heat capacity, and Grüneisen parameter were evaluated at various pressures from 0 to 20 GPa. The Grüneisen parameter values indicated the strong anharmonicity of the lattice vibrations that predominated in these compounds. We also studied the dependency of the thermoelectric transport properties on the temperature, i.e., the thermal conductivity and Seebeck coefficient. These alloys exhibited low lattice thermal conductivity and good Seebeck coefficients at room temperature. The half-metallic structures of these compounds with large band gaps and adequate Seebeck coefficients mean that they are suitable for use in spintronic and thermoelectric device applications.

Influence of structural transition on the electronic structures and physical properties of Ni2MnGa alloy films

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, K. W.; Kudryavtsev, Y. V.; Rhee, J. Y.; Lee, N. N.; Lee, Y. P.

2004-01-01

Ordered and disordered Ni 2 MnGa alloy films were prepared by flash evaporation onto substrates maintained at 720 K and 150 K, respectively. The results show that the ordered films behave in nearly the same way as the bulk Ni 2 MnGa ferromagnetic shape-memory alloy, including the martensitic transformation at 200 K, while the disordered films exhibit characteristics of amorphous alloys. It was also found that the disordering in Ni 2 MnGa alloy films did not change to any appreciable magnetic ordering down to 4 K. Annealing of the disordered films restores the ordered structure with an almost full recovery of the magnetic, magneto-optical and transport properties of the ordered Ni 2 MnGa alloy films. It was also understood, for the first time, how the structural ordering in the films influences the physical properties, including the surprising loss of ferromagnetism in the disordered films, as a result of performing electronic-structure calculations.

High-temperature ferromagnetism in heavily Fe-doped ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Fe)Sb

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tu, Nguyen Thanh; Hai, Pham Nam; Anh, Le Duc; Tanaka, Masaaki

2016-01-01

We show high-temperature ferromagnetism in heavily Fe-doped ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga_1_−_x,Fe_x)Sb (x = 23% and 25%) thin films grown by low-temperature molecular beam epitaxy. Magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy and anomalous Hall effect measurements indicate intrinsic ferromagnetism of these samples. The Curie temperature reaches 300 K and 340 K for x = 23% and 25%, respectively, which are the highest values reported so far in intrinsic III-V ferromagnetic semiconductors.

Insight into electronic, mechanical and transport properties of quaternary CoVTiAl: Spin-polarized DFT + U approach

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yousuf, Saleem, E-mail: nengroosaleem17@gmail.com; Gupta, D.C., E-mail: sosfizix@gmail.com

2017-07-15

Highlights: • 100% spin-polarized material important for the application in spintronics. • It is ferromagnetic and ductile in nature. • Shows semiconducting behavior with a band gap of 1.06 eV. • Possibly efficient high temperature thermoelectric material. - Abstract: We present a preliminary investigation of band structure and thermoelectric properties of new quaternary CoVTiAl Heusler alloy. Structural, magnetic property and 100% spin polarization of equiatomic CoVTiAl predicts ferromagnetic stable ground state. Band profile outlines the indirect semiconducting behavior in spin down channel with band gap of 1.06 eV, and the magnetic moment of 3 µ{sub B} in accordance with Slater-Pauling rule. To evaluate the accuracy of different approximations in predicting thermoelectric properties, the comparison with available experimental data is made which shows fair agreement for the transport coefficients. The high temperature (800 K) positive Seebeck coefficient of 73.71 µV/K describes the p-type character of the material with high efficiency due to highly influential semiconducting behavior around the Fermi level. Considering the combination of 100% spin-polarization, high Seebeck coefficient and large figure of merit, ferromagnetic semiconducting CoVTiAl may prove as a potential candidate for high temperature thermoelectrics and an ideal spin source material for spintronic applications.

Nanostructures based on superconducting Nb and ferromagnetic CuNi alloy for elaboration of spin-valve core

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morari, Roman

2013-01-01

The main goal of our research group is the elaboration of superconducting spin-switch (valve) based on Ferromagnetic/Superconductor/Ferromagnetic core. We could realize all building blocks necessary for the fabrication of the core structure of the superconducting spin valve, consisting of two mirror symmetric bilayers. In other words, the spin valve consists of a F/S * /F trilayer, which can be regarded as a package of a F/S and S/F bilayer so that S * =2S in the trilayer. For such a trilayer, the theory predicts that the critical temperature depends on the relative orientation of the magnetization of the ferromagnetic layers. To enable a reversal of one of the magnetizations of the layers with respect to the other by an external magnetic field, the coercive forces of the F layers have to be different due to either intrinsic properties or to an antiferromagnetic pinning layer delivering an exchange bias. The main points of our study are presented here. (author)

Laser-induced diffusion decomposition in Fe–V thin-film alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Polushkin, N.I., E-mail: nipolushkin@fc.ul.pt [Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa (Portugal); Instituto de Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais e Superfícies, 1049-001 Lisboa (Portugal); Duarte, A.C.; Conde, O. [Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa (Portugal); Instituto de Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais e Superfícies, 1049-001 Lisboa (Portugal); Alves, E. [Associação Euratom/IST e Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa (Portugal); Barradas, N.P. [Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS (Portugal); García-García, A.; Kakazei, G.N.; Ventura, J.O.; Araujo, J.P. [Departamento de Física, Universidade do Porto e IFIMUP, 4169-007 Porto (Portugal); Oliveira, V. [Instituto de Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais e Superfícies, 1049-001 Lisboa (Portugal); Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, 1959-007 Lisboa (Portugal); Vilar, R. [Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa (Portugal); Instituto de Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais e Superfícies, 1049-001 Lisboa (Portugal)

2015-05-01

Highlights: • Irradiation of an Fe–V alloy by femtosecond laser triggers diffusion decomposition. • The decomposition occurs with strongly enhanced (∼4 orders) atomic diffusivity. • This anomaly is associated with the metallic glassy state achievable under laser quenching. • The ultrafast diffusion decomposition is responsible for laser-induced ferromagnetism. - Abstract: We investigate the origin of ferromagnetism induced in thin-film (∼20 nm) Fe–V alloys by their irradiation with subpicosecond laser pulses. We find with Rutherford backscattering that the magnetic modifications follow a thermally stimulated process of diffusion decomposition, with formation of a-few-nm-thick Fe enriched layer inside the film. Surprisingly, similar transformations in the samples were also found after their long-time (∼10{sup 3} s) thermal annealing. However, the laser action provides much higher diffusion coefficients (∼4 orders of magnitude) than those obtained under standard heat treatments. We get a hint that this ultrafast diffusion decomposition occurs in the metallic glassy state achievable in laser-quenched samples. This vitrification is thought to be a prerequisite for the laser-induced onset of ferromagnetism that we observe.

High-temperature ferromagnetism in heavily Fe-doped ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Fe)Sb

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tu, Nguyen Thanh [Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656 (Japan); Department of Physics, Ho Chi Minh City University of Pedagogy, 280, An Duong Vuong Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 748242 (Viet Nam); Hai, Pham Nam [Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656 (Japan); Department of Physical Electronics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-0033 (Japan); Center for Spintronics Research Network (CSRN), The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 (Japan); Anh, Le Duc [Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656 (Japan); Tanaka, Masaaki [Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656 (Japan); Center for Spintronics Research Network (CSRN), The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 (Japan)

2016-05-09

We show high-temperature ferromagnetism in heavily Fe-doped ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga{sub 1−x},Fe{sub x})Sb (x = 23% and 25%) thin films grown by low-temperature molecular beam epitaxy. Magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy and anomalous Hall effect measurements indicate intrinsic ferromagnetism of these samples. The Curie temperature reaches 300 K and 340 K for x = 23% and 25%, respectively, which are the highest values reported so far in intrinsic III-V ferromagnetic semiconductors.

Ferromagnetic material inspection for feedwater heater and condenser tubes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1987-01-01

In recent years, special ferritic stainless steels, such as AL29-4C/sup TM/, Sea-Cure/sup TM/, E-Brite/sup TM/, 439, and similar alloys have been introduced as tube material in condensers, feedwater heaters, moisture separator/reheaters, and other heat exchangers. In addition, carbon steel tubes are widely used in feedwater heaters and heat exchangers in chemical plants. The main problem with the in-service inspection of these ferritic alloys and carbon steel tubes lies in their highly ferromagnetic properties. These properties severely limit the application of the standard eddy current techniques. The effort was undertaken under EPRI sponsorship to develop a reliable technique for in-service inspection of ferromagnetic tubes. The new method combines the measurement of magnetic flux leakage generated around the defects with measurement of total flux in the tube wall. The heart of the inspection system is a special ID probe that magnetizes the tube and generates signals for any tube defect. A permanent record of inspection is provided with a strip-chart or magnetic tape recorder. The laboratory and field evaluation of this new system demonstrated its very good sensitivity to small defects, its reliability, and its ruggedness. Defects as small as 10% external wall loss in heavy wall carbon steel tube were detected. Tubes in the power plant were inspected at a rate of 300-500 tubes per eight-hour shift. The other advantages of this newly developed technique are its simplicity, low cost of instrumentation, easy data interpretation, and full portability

Laser ablation synthesis of monodispersed magnetic alloy nanoparticles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seto, Takafumi; Koga, Kenji; Akinaga, Hiroyuki; Takano, Fumiyoshi; Orii, Takaaki; Hirasawa, Makoto

2006-01-01

Monodispersed CoPt alloy nanoparticles were synthesized by a pulsed laser ablation (PLA) technique coupled with a low-pressure operating differential mobility analyzer (LP-DMA). The CoPt alloy nanoparticles were generated by laser ablating a solid Co-Pt target. In CoPt alloy nanoparticles synthesized from a target with a Co composition of 75 at%, the nanoparticle surfaces were covered by an oxide layer and exhibited a core-shell structure. In contrast, no shell was observed in particles generated from a target with a Co:Pt ratio of 50:50 at%. According to an EDX analysis, the compositions of the individual nanoparticles were almost the same as that of the target material. Finally, the magnetic hysteresis loops of the CoPt alloy nanoparticles exhibited ferromagnetism

Laser ablation synthesis of monodispersed magnetic alloy nanoparticles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Seto, Takafumi, E-mail: t.seto@aist.go.jp; Koga, Kenji; Akinaga, Hiroyuki; Takano, Fumiyoshi; Orii, Takaaki; Hirasawa, Makoto [National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Research Consortium for Synthetic Nano-Function Materials Project (SYNAF) (Japan)

2006-08-15

Monodispersed CoPt alloy nanoparticles were synthesized by a pulsed laser ablation (PLA) technique coupled with a low-pressure operating differential mobility analyzer (LP-DMA). The CoPt alloy nanoparticles were generated by laser ablating a solid Co-Pt target. In CoPt alloy nanoparticles synthesized from a target with a Co composition of 75 at%, the nanoparticle surfaces were covered by an oxide layer and exhibited a core-shell structure. In contrast, no shell was observed in particles generated from a target with a Co:Pt ratio of 50:50 at%. According to an EDX analysis, the compositions of the individual nanoparticles were almost the same as that of the target material. Finally, the magnetic hysteresis loops of the CoPt alloy nanoparticles exhibited ferromagnetism.

Band structure of Heusler compounds studied by photoemission and tunneling spectroscopy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arbelo Jorge, Elena

2011-07-01

Heusler compounds are key materials for spintronic applications. They have attracted a lot of interest due to their half-metallic properties predicted by band structure calculations. The aim of this work is to evaluate experimentally the validity of the predictions of half metallicity by band structure calculations for two specific Heusler compounds, Co{sub 2}FeAl{sub 0.3}Si{sub 0.7} and Co{sub 2}MnGa. Two different spectroscopy methods for the analysis of the electronic properties were used: Angular Resolved Ultraviolet Photoemission Spectroscopy (ARUPS) and Tunneling Spectroscopy. Heusler compounds are prepared as thin films by RF-sputtering in an ultra high vacuum system. For the characterization of the samples, bulk and surface crystallographic and magnetic properties of Co{sub 2}FeAl{sub 0.3}Si{sub 0.7} and Co{sub 2}MnGa are studied. X-ray and electron diffraction reveal a bulk and surface crossover between two different types of sublattice order (from B2 to L2{sub 1}) with increasing annealing temperature. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism results show that the magnetic properties in the surface and bulk are identical, although the magnetic moments obtained are 5 % below from the theoretically predicted. By ARUPS evidence for the validity of the predicted total bulk density of states (DOS) was demonstrated for both Heusler compounds. Additional ARUPS intensity contributions close to the Fermi energy indicates the presence of a specific surface DOS. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the crystallographic order, controlled by annealing, plays an important role on broadening effects of DOS features. Improving order resulted in better defined ARUPS features. Tunneling magnetoresistance measurements of Co{sub 2}FeAl{sub 0.3}Si{sub 0.7} and Co{sub 2}MnGa based MTJ's result in a Co{sub 2}FeAl{sub 0.3}Si{sub 0.7} spin polarization of 44 %, which is the highest experimentally obtained value for this compound, although it is lower than the 100 % predicted. For Co

Magnetostructural transformation and magnetocaloric effect in Mn48‑x V x Ni42Sn10 ferromagnetic shape memory alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Hassan, Najam ul; Shah, Ishfaq Ahmad; Khan, Tahira; Liu, Jun; Gong, Yuanyuan; Miao, Xuefei; Xu, Feng

2018-03-01

In this work, we tuned the magnetostructural transformation and the coupled magnetocaloric properties of Mn48‑x V x Ni42Sn10 (x = 0, 1, 2, and 3) ferromagnetic shape memory alloys prepared by means of partial replacement of Mn by V. It is observed that the martensitic transformation temperatures decrease with the increase of V content. The shift of the transition temperatures to lower temperatures driven by the applied field, the metamagnetic behavior, and the thermal hysteresis indicates the first-order nature for the magnetostructural transformation. The entropy changes with a magnetic field variation of 0–5 T are 15.2, 18.8, and 24.3 {{J}}\\cdot {kg}}-1\\cdot {{{K}}}-1 for the x = 0, 1, and 2 samples, respectively. The tunable martensitic transformation temperature, enhanced field driving capacity, and large entropy change suggest that Mn48‑x V x Ni42Sn10 alloys have a potential for applications in magnetic cooling refrigeration. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51601092, 51571121, and 11604148), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (Grant Nos. 30916011344 and 30916011345), the Fund Program for the Scientific Activities of Selected Returned Overseas Professionals in Shanxi Province, China, the Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project (Grant No. 2016M591851), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (Grant Nos. BK20160833, 20160829, and 20140035), the Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province, the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and Shanxi Scholarship Council of China (Grant No. 2016-092).

Superconducting properties of Zr1+xNi2-xGa and Zr1-xNi2+xGa Heusler compounds

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Saad Alzahrani

2017-05-01

Full Text Available The superconducting properties of a series of Zr1+xNi2-xGa and Zr1-xNi2+xGa compounds have been investigated by x-ray diffraction, electrical resistivity, dc magnetization, and ac susceptibility measurements. While the parent compound, ZrNi2Ga, exhibited the cubic L21 Heusler structure, multiple non-cubic structures formed in the Zr and Ni rich doped materials. For x ≤ 0.3, all Zr1-xNi2+xGa compounds demonstrated superconducting behavior, but no superconductivity was observed in the Zr1+xNi2-xGa alloys for x > 0.2. The magnetization data revealed that all materials in both Zr1+xNi2-xGa and Zr1-xNi2+xGa series exhibited type-II superconductivity. With increasing doping concentration x, the paramagnetic ordering were enhanced in both systems while the superconducting properties were found to weaken. The observations are discussed considering the structural disorders in the systems.

Synthesis and Thermoelectric Properties of Ni-Doped ZrCoSb Half-Heusler Compounds

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Degang Zhao

2018-01-01

Full Text Available The Ni-doped ZrCo1−xNixSb half-Heusler compounds were prepared by arc-melting and spark plasma sintering technology. X-ray diffraction analysis results showed that all samples were crystallized in a half-Heusler phase. Thermoelectric properties of ZrCo1−xNixSb compounds were measured from room temperature to 850 K. The electrical conductivity and the absolute value of Seebeck coefficient increased with the Ni-doping content increasing due to the Ni substitution at Co. sites. The lattice thermal conductivity of ZrCo1−xNixSb samples was depressed dramatically because of the acoustic phonon scattering and point defect scattering. The figure of merit of ZrCo1−xNixSb compounds was improved due to the decreased thermal conductivity and improved power factor. The maximum ZT value of 0.24 was achieved for ZrCo0.92Ni0.08Sb sample at 850 K.

Molecular ferromagnetism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Epstein, A.J.

1990-01-01

This past year has been one of substantial advancement in both the physics and chemistry of molecular and polymeric ferromagnets. The specific heat studies of (DMeFc)(TCNE) have revealed a cusp at the three-dimensional ferromagnetic transition temperature with a crossover to primarily 1-D behavior at higher temperatures. This paper discusses these studies

Improvement of thermoelectric properties for half-Heusler TiNiSn by interstitial Ni defects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hazama, Hirofumi; Matsubara, Masato; Asahi, Ryoji; Takeuchi, Tsunehiro

2011-01-01

We have synthesized off-stoichiometric Ti-Ni-Sn half-Heusler thermoelectrics in order to investigate the relation between randomly distributed defects and thermoelectric properties. A small change in the composition of Ti-Ni-Sn causes a remarkable change in the thermal conductivity. An excess content of Ni realizes a low thermal conductivity of 2.93 W/mK at room temperature while keeping a high power factor. The low thermal conductivity originates in the defects generated by an excess content of Ni. To investigate the detailed defect structure, we have performed first-principles calculations and compared with x ray photoemission spectroscopy measurement. Based on these analyses, we conclude that the excess Ni atoms randomly occupy the vacant sites in the half-Heusler structure, which play as phonon scattering centers, resulting in significant improvement of the figure of merit without any substitutions of expensive heavy elements, such as Zr and Hf.

Superconducting magnetoresistance in ferromagnet/superconductor/ferromagnet trilayers.

Science.gov (United States)

Stamopoulos, D; Aristomenopoulou, E

2015-08-26

Magnetoresistance is a multifaceted effect reflecting the diverse transport mechanisms exhibited by different kinds of plain materials and hybrid nanostructures; among other, giant, colossal, and extraordinary magnetoresistance versions exist, with the notation indicative of the intensity. Here we report on the superconducting magnetoresistance observed in ferromagnet/superconductor/ferromagnet trilayers, namely Co/Nb/Co trilayers, subjected to a parallel external magnetic field equal to the coercive field. By manipulating the transverse stray dipolar fields that originate from the out-of-plane magnetic domains of the outer layers that develop at coercivity, we can suppress the supercurrent of the interlayer. We experimentally demonstrate a scaling of the magnetoresistance magnitude that we reproduce with a closed-form phenomenological formula that incorporates relevant macroscopic parameters and microscopic length scales of the superconducting and ferromagnetic structural units. The generic approach introduced here can be used to design novel cryogenic devices that completely switch the supercurrent 'on' and 'off', thus exhibiting the ultimate magnetoresistance magnitude 100% on a regular basis.

X-ray diffraction study of thermally and stress-induced phase transformations in single crystalline Ni-Mn-Ga alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martynov, V.V.

1995-01-01

Using in-situ single crystal X-ray diffraction methods, thermally- and stress-induced crystal structure evolution was investigated in two Ni-Mn-Ga Heusler-type alloys. For the 51at.%Ni-24at.%Mn-25at.%Ga alloy it was found that application of external stress in a temperature range ∼20 C above the M s at first causes intensity changes of X-ray diffuse scattering peaks in β-phase. Further stressing results in stress-induced phase transformations and under the appropriate conditions three successive martensitic transformations (one is parent-to-martensite and two are martensite-to-martensite transformations) can be stress induced. Of these only the parent-to-martensite transformation can be thermally-induced. Two successive structural transformations (thermally-induced parent-to-martensite and stress-induced martensite-to-martensite transformations) were found in 52at.%Ni-25at.%Mn-23at.%Ga alloy. Crystal structure, lattice parameters, type of modulation, and the length of modulation period for all martensites were identified. (orig.)

Mössbauer study of alloy Fe{sub 67.5}Ni{sub 32.5}, prepared by mechanical alloying

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Benitez Rodríguez, Edson Daniel, E-mail: edbenitezr@ut.edu.co; Bustos Rodríguez, Humberto; Oyola Lozano, Dagoberto; Rojas Martínez, Yebrail Antonio [University of Tolima, Department of Physics (Colombia); Pérez Alcázar, German Antonio [University of Valle, Department of Physics (Colombia)

2015-06-15

We present the study of effect of the particle size on the structural and magnetic properties of the Fe{sub 67.5}Ni{sub 32.5} alloy, prepared by mechanical alloying (MA). After milling the powders during 10 hours they were separated by sieving using different meshes. The refinement of the X-ray patterns showed the coexistence of the BCC (Body Centered Cubic) and the FCC (Face Centered Cubic) phases in all samples with lattice parameters and crystallite sizes independent of the mean particle size. However, big particles presented bigger volumetric fraction of BCC grains. The Mossbauer spectra were fitted with a broad sextet corresponding to the ferromagnetic BCC phase, a hyperfine magnetic field distribution and a broad singlet which correspond to the ferromagnetic and paramagnetic sites of the FCC phase, respectively. Hysteresis loops showed a magnetically, soft behavior for all the samples, however, the saturation magnetization values are smaller for the original powder and for the powders with small, mean, particle size due to the dipolar magnetic interaction and the smaller mean magnetic moment, respectively. These effects were proved by Henkel plots that were made to the samples.

Potential hazards and artifacts of ferromagnetic and nonferromagnetic surgical and dental materials and devices in nuclear magnetic resonance imaging

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

New, P.F.J.; Rosen, B.R.; Brady, T.J.

1983-01-01

The risks to patients with metal surgical implants who are undergoing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging and the artifacts caused by such implants were studied. Twenty-one aneurysm and other hemostatic clips and a variety of other materials (e.g., dental amalgam, 14 karat gold) were used. Longitudinal forces and torques were found to be exerted upon 16 of the 21 clips. With five aneurysm clips, forces and torques sufficient to produce risk of hemorrhage from dislocation of the clip from the vessel or aneurysm, or cerebral injury by clip displacement without dislodgement were identified. The induced ferromagnetism was shown to be related to the composition of the alloys from which the clips were manufactured. Clips with 10-14% nickel are evidently without sufficient induced ferromagnetism to cause hazard. The extent of NMR imaging artifacts was greater for materials with measurable ferromagnetic properties, but metals without measurable ferromagnetism in our tests also resulted in significant artifacts. Dental amalgam and 14 karat gold produced no imaging artifacts, but stainless steels in dentures and orthodontic braces produced extensive artifacts in the facial region

Hyperfine-field distribution in Fe3Si/sub 1-x/Al/sub x/ alloys and a theoretical interpretation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Burch, T.J.; Raj, K.; Jena, P.; Budnick, J.I.; Niculescu, V.; Muir, W.B.

1979-01-01

In Fe 3 Si/sub 1-x/Al/sub x/ alloys with small x the Si and Al nuclear magnetic resonances are 31.5 and 16.1 MHz, respectively. The concentration dependences of the frequencies of these resonances are linear, the Si resonance shifting to lower frequencies, the Al resonance to higher frequencies. Both the magnitudes and concentration dependences of the Si and Al internal fields are in agreement with the predictions of a simple model which Jena and Geldart, following the approach of Daniel and Friedel, have found successful in calculating the fields of sp elements in Heusler alloys. A positive sign is predicted for the Si internal field, and a negative sign for the Al field. Magnetization and lattice-parameter data required for the comparison of experiment and theory are also reported

Search for thermoelectrics with high figure of merit in half-Heusler compounds with multinary substitution

Science.gov (United States)

Choudhary, Mukesh K.; Ravindran, P.

2018-04-01

In order to improve the thermoelectric performance of TiCoSb we have substituted 50% of Ti equally with Zr and Hf at Ti site and Sb with Sn and Se equally at Sb site. The electronic structure of Ti0.5Zr0.25Hf0.25CoSn0.5Se0.5 is investigated using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave method and the thermoelectric transport properties are calculated on the basis of semi-classical Boltzmann transport theory. Our band structure calculations show that Ti0.5Zr0.25Hf0.25CoSn0.5Se0.5 has semiconducting behavior with indirect band gap value of 0.98 eV which follow the empirical rule of 18 valence-electron content to bring semiconductivity in half Heusler compounds, indicating that one can have semiconducting behavior in multinary phase of half Heusler compounds if they full fill the 18 VEC rule and this open-up the possibility of designing thermoelectrics with high figure of merit in half Heusler compounds. We show that at high temperature of around 700K Ti0.5Zr0.25Hf0.25CoSn0.5Se0.5 has high thermoelectric figure of merit of ZT = 1.05 which is higher than that of TiCoSb (˜ 0.95) suggesting that by going from ternary to multinary phase system one can enhance the thermoelectric figure of merit at higher temperatures.

Magnetic transition induced by mechanical deformation in Fe{sub 60}Al{sub 40−x}Si{sub x} ternary alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Legarra, E., E-mail: estibaliz.legarra@ehu.es [Dpto. Electricidad y Electronica, Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU), CP. 644, 48080 Bilbao (Spain); Apiñaniz, E. [Dpto. Fisica Aplicada I, Universidad del Pais Vasco, Alameda de Urquijo s/n, 48013 Bilbao (Spain); Plazaola, F. [Dpto. Electricidad y Electronica, Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU), CP. 644, 48080 Bilbao (Spain); Jimenez, J.A. [Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalurgicas (CENIM), Avda. Gregorio del amo 8, 28040 Madrid (Spain)

2014-02-15

Highlights: • Fe{sub 60}Al{sub 40−x}Si{sub x} alloys were disordered by means of planetary ball milling technique. • Paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition is observed with disordering. • Si addition hinders the disordering process and the increase of the lattice parameter. • Si addition promotes the paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition. -- Abstract: We have used Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction to study the influence of different Al/Si ratios on the structural and magnetic properties of the mechanically deformed Fe{sub 60}Al{sub 40−x}Si{sub x} alloys. The results indicate that ternary alloys also present the magnetic transition with disordering observed in binary Fe{sub 60}Al{sub 40} alloys. Besides, Si introduction has two opposite contributions. From a structural point of view, hinders the disordering process, but, from a magnetic point of view promotes the magnetic transition.

A polarized neutron study of the magnetization distribution in Co2FeSi

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brown, P J; Kainuma, R; Kanomata, T; Okubo, A; Neumann, K-U; Umetsu, R Y; Ziebeck, K R A

2013-01-01

The magnetization distribution in Co 2 FeSi which has the largest moment per formula unit ∼6 μ B of all Heusler alloys, has been determined using polarized neutron diffraction. The experimentally determined magnetization has been integrated over spheres centred on the three sites of the L1 2 structure giving μ Fe = 3.10(3) μ B and μ Co = 1.43(2) μ B , results which are slightly lower than the moments in atomic spheres of similar radii obtained in recent LDA + U band structure calculations (Li et al 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 097102). Approximately 50% of the magnetic carriers at the Fe sites were found to be in orbitals with e g symmetry. This was higher, ≃65%, at the Co sites. Both Fe and Co were found to have orbital moments that are larger than those predicted. Comparison with similar results obtained for related alloys suggests that there must be a finite density of states in both spin bands at the Fermi energy indicating that Co 2 FeSi is not a perfect half-metallic ferromagnet. (paper)

A polarized neutron study of the magnetization distribution in Co₂FeSi.

Science.gov (United States)

Brown, P J; Kainuma, R; Kanomata, T; Neumann, K-U; Okubo, A; Umetsu, R Y; Ziebeck, K R A

2013-05-22

The magnetization distribution in Co2FeSi which has the largest moment per formula unit ∼6 μB of all Heusler alloys, has been determined using polarized neutron diffraction. The experimentally determined magnetization has been integrated over spheres centred on the three sites of the L12 structure giving μ Fe = 3.10(3) μB and μ Co = 1.43(2) μB, results which are slightly lower than the moments in atomic spheres of similar radii obtained in recent LDA + U band structure calculations (Li et al 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 097102). Approximately 50% of the magnetic carriers at the Fe sites were found to be in orbitals with eg symmetry. This was higher, ≃65%, at the Co sites. Both Fe and Co were found to have orbital moments that are larger than those predicted. Comparison with similar results obtained for related alloys suggests that there must be a finite density of states in both spin bands at the Fermi energy indicating that Co2FeSi is not a perfect half-metallic ferromagnet.

Structural, electronic and magnetic properties of Fe{sub 2}-based full Heusler alloys: A first principle study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dahmane, F., E-mail: fethallah05@gmail.com [Département de SM, Institue des sciences et des technologies, Centre universitaire de Tissemsilt, 38000, Tissemsilt (Algeria); Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science Laboratory, Physics Department, University of Sidi Bel-Abbes, 22000 Sidi Bel-Abbes (Algeria); Mogulkoc, Y. [Department of Engineering Physics, Ankara University, Ankara (Turkey); Doumi, B.; Tadjer, A. [Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science Laboratory, Physics Department, University of Sidi Bel-Abbes, 22000 Sidi Bel-Abbes (Algeria); Khenata, R. [Laboratoire de Physique Quantique de la Matière et de Modélisation Mathématique (LPQ3M), Université de Mascara, 29000 Mascara (Algeria); Bin Omran, S. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O Box 2455, Riyadh 11451 (Saudi Arabia); Rai, D.P. [Department of Physics, Pachhunga University College, Aizawl-796001 (India); Murtaza, G. [Materials Modeling Lab, Department of Physics, Islamia College University, Peshawar (Pakistan); Varshney, Dinesh [Materials Science Laboratory, School of Physics, Vigyan Bhavan, Devi Ahilya University, Khandwa Road Campus, Indore 452001 (India)

2016-06-01

Using the first-principles density functional calculations, the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of the Fe{sub 2}XAl (X=Cr, Mn, Ni) compounds in both the Hg{sub 2}CuTi and Cu{sub 2}MnAl-type structures were studied by the full-potential linearized augmented plane waves (FP-LAPW) method. The exchange and correlation potential is treated by the generalized-gradient approximation (GGA) where the results show that the Cu{sub 2}MnAl-type structure is energetically more stable than the Hg{sub 2}CuTi-type structure for the Fe{sub 2}CrAl and Fe{sub 2}MnAl compounds at the equilibrium volume. The full Heusler compounds Fe{sub 2}XAl (X=Cr, Mn) are half-metallic in the Cu{sub 2}MnAl-type structure. Fe{sub 2}NiAl has a metallic character in both CuHg{sub 2}Ti and AlCu{sub 2}Mn-type structures. The total magnetic moments of the Fe{sub 2}CrAl and Fe{sub 2}MnAl compounds are 1.0 and 2.0 μ{sub B}, respectively, which are in agreement with the Slater–Pauling rule M{sub tot}=Z{sub tot}− 24.

Pressure dependence of magnetic properties in Fe–Mn–B amorphous alloys:evidence for inhomogeneous ferromagnetism

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Kiss, L. F.; Kemény, T.; Bednarčík, J.; Kamarád, Jiří; Arnold, Zdeněk; Konopková, Z.; Liermann, H.-P.

2013-01-01

Roč. 25, č. 34 (2013), s. 1-7 ISSN 0953-8984 Institutional support: RVO:68378271 Keywords : magnetic properties * ferromagnetism Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism Impact factor: 2.223, year: 2013

Ultrafast Magnetism of Multi-component Ferromagnets and Ferrimagnets on the Time Scale of the Exchange Interaction

Science.gov (United States)

Radu, Ilie

2012-02-01

Revealing the ultimate speed limit at which magnetic order can be controlled, is a fundamental challenge of modern magnetism having far reaching implications for the magnetic recording industry [1]. Exchange interaction is the strongest force in magnetism, being ultimately responsible for ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic spin order. How do spins react after being optically excited on a timescale of or even faster than the exchange interaction? Here, we demonstrate that femtosecond (fs) measurements of ferrimagnetic and ferromagnetic alloys using X-ray magnetic circular dichroism provide revolutionary new insights into the problem of ultrafast magnetism on timescales pertinent to the exchange interaction. In particular, we show that upon fs optical excitation the ultrafast spin reversal of GdFeCo - a material with antiferromagnetic coupling of spins - occurs via a transient ferromagnetic state [2]. The latter emerges due to different dynamics of the Gd and Fe magnetic moments: Gd switches within 1.5 ps while it takes only 300 fs for Fe. Thus, by using a single fs laser pulse one can force the spin system to evolve via an energetically unfavorable way and temporarily switch from an antiferromagnetic to a ferromagnetic type of ordering. In order to understand whether the observation of this temporarily decoupled and element-specific dynamics is a general phenomenon or just something strictly related to the case of ferrimagnetic GdFeCo, we have investigated the demagnetization of the archetypal ferromagnetic NiFe alloys. Essentially, we observe the same distinct magnetization dynamics of the constituent magnetic moments: Ni demagnetizes within ˜300 fs being much faster than the demagnetization of Fe of ˜800 fs. This distinct demagnetization behavior leads to an apparent decoupling of the Fe and Ni magnetic moments on a few hundreds of fs time scale, despite the strong exchange interaction of 260meV (˜16 fs) that couples them. These observations supported by

Sub-micron magnetic patterns and local variations of adhesion force induced in non-ferromagnetic amorphous steel by femtosecond pulsed laser irradiation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhang, Huiyan; Feng, Yuping [Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, E08193 (Spain); Nieto, Daniel [Microoptics and GRIN Optics Group, Applied Physics Department, University of Santiago de Compostela, E15782 Santiago de Compostela (Spain); García-Lecina, Eva [Unidad de Superficies Metálicas, IK4-CIDETEC, E20009 Donostia-San Sebastián Gipuzkoa (Spain); Mcdaniel, Clare [National Centre for Laser Applications, School of Physics, National University of Ireland, Galway (Ireland); Díaz-Marcos, Jordi [Unitat de Tècniques Nanomètriques, Centres Científics i Tecnològics, Universitat de Barcelona, E08028 Barcelona (Spain); Flores-Arias, María Teresa [Microoptics and GRIN Optics Group, Applied Physics Department, University of Santiago de Compostela, E15782 Santiago de Compostela (Spain); O’Connor, Gerard M. [National Centre for Laser Applications, School of Physics, National University of Ireland, Galway (Ireland); Baró, Maria Dolors [Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, E08193 (Spain); Pellicer, Eva, E-mail: eva.pellicer@uab.cat [Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, E08193 (Spain); and others

2016-05-15

Highlights: • Formation of ripples after femtosecond pulsed laser irradiation (FSPLI) of metallic glass was studied. • Magnetic patterning at the surface of non-ferromagnetic amorphous steel was induced by FSPLI. • The origin of the generated ferromagnetism is the laser-induced devitrification. - Abstract: Periodic ripple and nanoripple patterns are formed at the surface of amorphous steel after femtosecond pulsed laser irradiation (FSPLI). Formation of such ripples is accompanied with the emergence of a surface ferromagnetic behavior which is not initially present in the non-irradiated amorphous steel. The occurrence of ferromagnetic properties is associated with the laser-induced devitrification of the glassy structure to form ferromagnetic (α-Fe and Fe{sub 3}C) and ferrimagnetic [(Fe,Mn){sub 3}O{sub 4} and Fe{sub 2}CrO{sub 4}] phases located in the ripples. The generation of magnetic structures by FSPLI turns out to be one of the fastest ways to induce magnetic patterning without the need of any shadow mask. Furthermore, local variations of the adhesion force, wettability and nanomechanical properties are also observed and compared to those of the as-cast amorphous alloy. These effects are of interest for applications (e.g., biological, magnetic recording, etc.) where both ferromagnetism and tribological/adhesion properties act synergistically to optimize material performance.

A study on electrodeposited NixFe1−x alloy films

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

on the magnetic and magnetoresistance properties of NiFe alloy films are mostly focused on the ... is clear from the figure that the Ni deposit content is measured to be 42 wt% for .... grain size change, the degree of ferromagnetic coupling etc.

Residual resistivity and its anisotropy in random CoNi and CuNi ferromagnetic alloys

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Turek, Ilja; Záležák, Tomáš

2010-01-01

Roč. 200, č. 5 (2010), 052029/1-052029/4 ISSN 1742-6588. [International Conference on Magnetism - ICM 2009. Karlsruhe, 26.07.2009-31.07.2009] Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z20410507 Keywords : residual resistivity * anisotropic magnetoresistance * ferromagnets Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism

Optical orientation in ferromagnet/semiconductor hybrids

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Korenev, V L

2008-01-01

The physics of optical pumping of semiconductor electrons in ferromagnet/semiconductor hybrids is discussed. Optically oriented semiconductor electrons detect the magnetic state of a ferromagnetic film. In turn, the ferromagnetism of the hybrid can be controlled optically with the help of a semiconductor. Spin–spin interactions near the ferromagnet/semiconductor interface play a crucial role in the optical readout and the manipulation of ferromagnetism

Optical orientation in ferromagnet/semiconductor hybrids

Science.gov (United States)

Korenev, V. L.

2008-11-01

The physics of optical pumping of semiconductor electrons in ferromagnet/semiconductor hybrids is discussed. Optically oriented semiconductor electrons detect the magnetic state of a ferromagnetic film. In turn, the ferromagnetism of the hybrid can be controlled optically with the help of a semiconductor. Spin-spin interactions near the ferromagnet/semiconductor interface play a crucial role in the optical readout and the manipulation of ferromagnetism.

Optical Orientation in Ferromagnet/Semiconductor Hybrids

OpenAIRE

Korenev, V. L.

2008-01-01

The physics of optical pumping of semiconductor electrons in the ferromagnet/semiconductor hybrids is discussed. Optically oriented semiconductor electrons detect the magnetic state of the ferromagnetic film. In turn, the ferromagnetism of the hybrid can be controlled optically with the help of the semiconductor. Spin-spin interactions near the interface ferromagnet/semiconductor play crucial role in the optical readout and the manipulation of ferromagnetism.

Microstructural and mechanical properties of binary Ni–Si eutectic alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gogebakan, Musa, E-mail: gogebakan@ksu.edu.tr [Department of Physics, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras 46100 (Turkey); Kursun, Celal [Department of Physics, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras 46100 (Turkey); Gunduz, Kerem Ozgur; Tarakci, Mehmet; Gencer, Yucel [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gebze Institute of Technology, Gebze, 41400 Kocaeli (Turkey)

2015-09-15

Highlights: • Ni{sub 80}Si{sub 20}, Ni{sub 70}Si{sub 30}, Ni{sub 55}Si{sub 45} and Ni{sub 45}Si{sub 55} were prepared by arc melting method. • The maximum microhardness value of 1126 HV obtained for Ni{sub 70}Si{sub 30} alloy. • The microhardness values decreases with increase of Si/Ni ratio. • Ni{sub 80}Si{sub 20} and Ni{sub 55}Si{sub 45} are soft ferromagnetic, Ni{sub 70}Si{sub 30} and Ni{sub 45}Si{sub 55} are paramagnetic. - Abstract: In the present work, Ni–Si eutectic alloys with nominal compositions of Ni{sub 80}Si{sub 20}, Ni{sub 70}Si{sub 30}, Ni{sub 55}Si{sub 45} and Ni{sub 45}Si{sub 55} (Ni and Si with the purity of 99.99%) were prepared by arc melting method under vacuum/argon atmosphere. The effects of Si/Ni ratio on the microstructural properties, thermal transformation behavior, micro-hardness and magnetic properties of the Ni–Si eutectic alloys were investigated. These alloys were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential thermal analysis (DTA), Vickers microhardness measurement and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The phases expected according to Ni–Si phase diagram for conventional solidified eutectic Ni–Si alloys are considerably consistent with phase detected by XRD in this study. The quantitative results confirm that the chemical composition of the alloys very close to eutectic compositions and the microstructures are in typical lamellar eutectic morphology. The maximum microhardness value of 1126 HV obtained for Ni{sub 70}Si{sub 30} alloy which has highest melting temperature amongst Ni–Si eutectics. The microhardness values decreases with increase of Si/Ni ratio. Ni{sub 80}Si{sub 20} and Ni{sub 55}Si{sub 45} alloys are soft ferromagnetic, Ni{sub 70}Si{sub 30} and Ni{sub 45}Si{sub 55} alloys are paramagnetic with no magnetic saturation.

Unconventional superconductivity and surface pairing symmetry in half-Heusler compounds

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Qing-Ze; Yu, Jiabin; Liu, Chao-Xing

2018-06-01

Signatures of nodal line/point superconductivity [Kim et al., Sci. Adv. 4, eaao4513 (2018), 10.1126/sciadv.aao4513; Brydon et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 177001 (2016), 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.177001] have been observed in half-Heusler compounds, such as LnPtBi (Ln = Y, Lu). Topologically nontrivial band structures, as well as topological surface states, have also been confirmed by angular-resolved photoemission spectroscopy in these compounds [Liu et al., Nat. Commun. 7, 12924 (2016), 10.1038/ncomms12924]. In this paper, we present a systematical classification of possible gap functions of bulk states and surface states in half-Heusler compounds and the corresponding topological properties based on the representations of crystalline symmetry group. Different from all the previous studies based on the four band Luttinger model, our study starts with the six-band Kane model, which involves both four p-orbital type of Γ8 bands and two s-orbital type of Γ6 bands. Although the Γ6 bands are away from the Fermi energy, our results reveal the importance of topological surface states, which originate from the band inversion between Γ6 and Γ8 bands, in determining surface properties of these compounds in the superconducting regime by combining topological bulk state picture and nontrivial surface state picture.

Transformation Paths from Cubic to Low-Symmetry Structures in Heusler Ni2MnGa Compound.

Science.gov (United States)

Zelený, Martin; Straka, Ladislav; Sozinov, Alexei; Heczko, Oleg

2018-05-08

In order to explain the formation of low-temperature phases in stoichiometric Ni 2 MnGa magnetic shape memory alloy, we investigate the phase transformation paths from cubic austenite with Heusler structure to low-symmetry martensitic structures. We used ab initio calculations combined with the generalized solid state nudged elastic band method to determine the minimum energy path and corresponding changes in crystal lattice. The four-, five-, and seven-layered modulated phases of martensite (4O, 10M, and 14M) are built as the relaxed nanotwinned non-modulated (NM) phase. Despite having a total energy larger than the other martensitic phases, the 10M phase will spontaneously form at 0 K, because there is no energy barrier on the path and the energy decreases with a large negative slope. Moreover, a similar negative slope in the beginning of path is found also for the transformation to the 6M premartensite, which appears as a local minimum on the path leading further to 10M martensite. Transformation paths to other structures exhibit more or less significant barriers in the beginning hindering such a transformation from austenite. These findings correspond to experiment and demonstrates that the kinetics of the transformation is decisive for the selection of the particular low-symmetry structure.

Structural, magnetic and transport properties of Co2FeAl Heusler films with varying thickness

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, Xiaotian; Li, Yueqing; Du, Yin; Dai, Xuefang; Liu, Guodong; Liu, Enke; Liu, Zhongyuan; Wang, Wenhong; Wu, Guangheng

2014-01-01

We report on a systematic study of the structural, magnetic properties and the anomalous Hall effect, in the Heusler alloy Co 2 FeAl (CFA) epitaxial films on MgO (001), as a function of film thickness. It was found that the epitaxial CFA films show a highly ordered B2 structure with an in-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. The electrical transport properties reveal that the lattice and magnon scattering contributions to the longitudinal resistivity. Independent on the thickness of films, the anomalous Hall resistivity of CFA films is found to be dominated by skew scattering only. Moreover, the anomalous Hall resistivity shows weakly temperature dependent behavior, and its absolute value increases as the thickness decreases. We attribute this temperature insensitivity in the anomalous Hall resistivity to the weak temperature dependent of tunneling spin-polarization in the CFA films, while the thickness dependence behavior is likely due to the increasing significance of interface or free surface electronic states. - Highlights: ●Highly ordered CFA films with various thicknesses were prepared on MgO substrates. ●The magnon scattering contributions to the longitudinal resistivity in the CFA films. ●The anomalous Hall resistivity of the CFA films shows weakly temperature dependent. ●The CFA films show weak temperature dependent of tunneling spin-polarization

Spin injection, transport, and read/write operation in spin-based MOSFET

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saito, Yoshiaki; Marukame, Takao; Inokuchi, Tomoaki; Ishikawa, Mizue; Sugiyama, Hideyuki; Tanamoto, Tetsufumi

2011-01-01

We proposed a novel spin-based MOSFET 'Spin-Transfer-torque-Switching MOSFET (STS-MOSFET)' that offers non-volatile memory and transistor functions with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatibility, high endurance and fast write time using STS. The STS-MOSFETs with Heusler alloy (Co 2 Fe 1 Al 0.5 Si 0.5 ) were prepared and reconfigurability of a novel spintronics-based MOSFET, STS-MOSFET, was successfully realized for the transport properties owing to reduction of the contact resistance in ferromagnetic metal/thin insulator tunnel barrier/Si junctions. The device showed magnetocurrent (MC) and write characteristics with the endurance of over 10 5 cycles. It was also clarified that the read characteristic can be improved in terms of MC ratio, however, is deteriorated in terms of the mobility by choosing connection configurations of the source and the drain in the STS-MOSFETs.

Active and passive kink mode studies in a tokamak with a movable ferromagnetic wall

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Levesque, J. P.; Hughes, P. E.; Bialek, J.; Byrne, P. J.; Mauel, M. E.; Navratil, G. A.; Peng, Q.; Rhodes, D. J.; Stoafer, C. C. [Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, 500 W. 120th Street, New York, New York 10027 (United States)

2015-05-15

High-resolution active and passive kink mode studies are conducted in a tokamak with an adjustable ferromagnetic wall near the plasma surface. Ferritic tiles made from 5.6 mm thick Hiperco{sup ®} 50 alloy have been mounted on the plasma-facing side of half of the in-vessel movable wall segments in the High Beta Tokamak-Extended Pulse device [D. A. Maurer et al., Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 53, 074016 (2011)] in order to explore ferritic resistive wall mode stability. Low-activation ferritic steels are a candidate for structural components of a fusion reactor, and these experiments examine MHD stability of plasmas with nearby ferromagnetic material. Plasma-wall separation for alternating ferritic and non-ferritic wall segments is adjusted between discharges without opening the vacuum vessel. Amplification of applied resonant magnetic perturbations and plasma disruptivity are observed to increase when the ferromagnetic wall is close to plasma surface instead of the standard stainless steel wall. Rapidly rotating m/n=3/1 external kink modes have higher growth rates with the nearby ferritic wall. Feedback suppression of kinks is still as effective as before the installation of ferritic material in vessel, in spite of increased mode growth rates.

Superconductivity and magnetic order in the noncentrosymmetric half-Heusler compound ErPdBi

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Pan, Y.; Nikitin, A.M.; Bay, T.V.; Huang, Y.K.; Paulsen, C.; Yan, B.H.; de Visser, A.

2013-01-01

We report superconductivity at Tc = 1.22 K and magnetic order at TN = 1.06\\ K in the semimetallic noncentrosymmetric half-Heusler compound ErPdBi. The upper critical field, Bc2, has an unusual quasi-linear temperature variation and reaches a value of 1.6 T for T - 0 . Magnetic order is found below

Energy gap of ferromagnet-superconductor bilayers

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Halterman, Klaus; Valls, Oriol T

2003-10-15

The excitation spectrum of clean ferromagnet-superconductor bilayers is calculated within the framework of the self-consistent Bogoliubov-de Gennes theory. Because of the proximity effect, the superconductor induces a gap in the ferromagnet spectrum, for thin ferromagnetic layers. The effect depends strongly on the exchange field in the ferromagnet. We find that as the thickness of the ferromagnetic layer increases, the gap disappears, and that its destruction arises from those quasiparticle excitations with wave vectors mainly along the interface. We discuss the influence that the interface quality and Fermi energy mismatch between the ferromagnet and superconductor have on the calculated energy gap. We also evaluate the density of states in the ferromagnet, and we find it in all cases consistent with the gap results.

Mechanical and magnetic properties of semi-Heusler/light-metal composites consolidated by spark plasma sintering

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Koller, M.; Chráska, Tomáš; Cinert, Jakub; Heczko, Oleg; Kopeček, Jaromír; Landa, Michal; Mušálek, Radek; Rameš, Michal; Seiner, Hanuš; Stráský, J.; Janeček, M.

2017-01-01

Roč. 126, July (2017), s. 351-357 ISSN 0264-1275 R&D Projects: GA ČR GB14-36566G Institutional support: RVO:61389021 ; RVO:68378271 ; RVO:61388998 Keywords : Metal–metal composites * Spark plasma sintering * Light metals * Ferromagnetic alloys * Mechanical properties Subject RIV: JI - Composite Materials; JI - Composite Materials (FZU-D); JI - Composite Materials (UT-L) OBOR OECD: Composites (including laminates, reinforced plastics, cermets, combined natural and synthetic fibre fabrics; Composites (including laminates, reinforced plastics, cermets, combined natural and synthetic fibre fabrics (FZU-D); Composites (including laminates, reinforced plastics, cermets, combined natural and synthetic fibre fabrics (UT-L) Impact factor: 4.364, year: 2016 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/ article /pii/S0264127517303842?via%3Dih

Systematic ab initio study of half-Heusler materials for optoelectronic applications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gruhn, Thomas; Felser, Claudia [Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz (Germany)

2010-07-01

The development of new, optimized optoelectronic devices depends crucially on the availability of semiconductors with taylored electronic and structural properties. At the moment, the majority of applications is based on a rather small set of semiconducting materials, while many more semiconductors exist in the huge class of ternary compounds. Especially, the class of 8-electron half-Heusler materials comprises a large number semiconducters with various properties. With the help of ab initio density functional theory we have studied essentially all 8-electron half-Heusler compounds that are of technological relevance. For more than 650 compounds we have determined the optimum configuration by varying the lattice constant and permuting the elements over the sublattices. Within this exceptionally large data set we have studied the band structure and the lattice constants as a function of the electronegativities of the elements, the arrangement of the atoms, and the atomic radii. The results are used to select suitable materials for the buffer layer in thin-film solar cells with a Cu(In,Ga)Se{sub 2} (CIGS) absorber layer. Considering the bandgap and the geometrical matching with the CIGS film, we have obtained a set of 29 compounds that are promissing materials for cadmium-free CIGS buffer layer.

Tunneling Conductance in Ferromagnetic Metal/Normal Metal/Spin-Singlet -Wave Ferromagnetic Superconductor Junctions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hamidreza Emamipour

2013-01-01

Full Text Available In the framework of scattering theory, we study the tunneling conductance in a system including two junctions, ferromagnetic metal/normal metal/ferromagnetic superconductor, where ferromagnetic superconductor is in spin-singlet -wave pairing state. The non-magnetic normal metal is placed in the intermediate layer with the thickness ( which varies from 1 nm to 10000 nm. The interesting result which we have found is the existence of oscillations in conductance curves. The period of oscillations is independent of FS and FN exchange field while it depends on . The obtained results can serve as a useful tool to determine the kind of pairing symmetry in ferromagnetic superconductors.

FINEMET type alloy without Si: Structural and magnetic properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Muraca, D.; Cremaschi, V.; Moya, J.; Sirkin, H.

2008-01-01

Magnetic and structural properties of a Finemet type alloy (Fe 73.5 Ge 15.5 Nb 3 B 7 Cu 1 ) without Si and high Ge content were studied. Amorphous material was obtained by the melt spinning technique and was heat treated at different temperatures for 1 h under high vacuum to induce the nanocrystallization of the sample. The softest magnetic properties were obtained between 673 and 873 K. The role of Ge on the ferromagnetic paramagnetic transition of the as-quenched alloys and its influence on the crystallization process were studied using a calorimetric technique. Moessbauer spectroscopy was employed in the nanocrystallized alloy annealed at 823 K to obtain the composition of the nanocrystals and the amorphous phase fraction. Using this data and magnetic measurements of the as-quenched alloy, the magnetic contribution of nanocrystals to the alloy annealed at 823 K was estimated via a linear model

Room temperature magnetocaloric effect in Ni-Mn-In-Cr ferromagnetic shape memory alloy thin films

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Akkera, Harish Sharma [Functionalnanomaterials Research Lab, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand-247667 (India); Singh, Inderdeep [Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand-24667 (India); Kaur, Davinder, E-mail: dkaurfph@iitr.ernet.in [Functionalnanomaterials Research Lab, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand-247667 (India)

2017-02-15

The influence of Cr substitution for In on the martensitic phase transformation and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) has been investigated in Ni-Mn-Cr-In ferromagnetic shape memory alloy (FSMA) thin films fabricated by magnetron sputtering. Temperature dependent magnetization (M-T) measurements demonstrated that the martensitic transformation temperatures (T{sub M}) monotonously increase with the increase of Cr content due to change in valence electron concentration (e/a) and cell volume. From the study of isothermal magnetization curves (M-H), magnetocaloric effect around the martensitic transformation has been investigated in these FSMA thin films. The magnetic entropy change ∆S{sub M} of 7.0 mJ/cm{sup 3}-K was observed in Ni{sub 51.1}Mn{sub 34.9}In{sub 9.5}Cr{sub 4.5} film at 302 K in an applied field of 2 T. Further, the refrigerant capacity (RC) was also calculated for all the films in an applied field of 2 T. These findings indicate that the Cr doped Ni-Mn-In FSMA thin films are potential candidates for room temperature micro-length-scale magnetic refrigeration applications. - Highlights: • The Cr content leads to an increase in the martensitic transformation temperature. • The ∆S{sub M} =7 mJ/cm{sup 3}-K at 302 K was observed in the Ni{sub 51.1}Mn{sub 34.9}In{sub 9.5}Cr{sub 4.5}. • The RC =39.2 mJ/K at 2 T was obtained in Ni{sub 51.1}Mn{sub 34.9}In{sub 9.5}Cr{sub 4.5} film.

Magnetocaloric effect of Gd4(BixSb1-x)3 alloy series

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Niu, Xuejun

1999-01-01

Alloys from the Gd 4 (Bi x Sb 1-x ) 3 series were prepared by melting a stoichiometric amounts of pure metals in an induction furnace. The crystal structure is of the anti-Th 3 P 4 type (space group Ibar 43d) for all the compounds tested. The linear increase of the lattice parameters with Bi concentration is attributed to the larger atomic radius of Bi than that of Sb. Magnetic measurements show that the alloys order ferromagnetically from 266K to 330K, with the ordering temperature increasing with decreasing Bi concentration. The alloys are soft ferromagnets below their Curie temperatures, and follow the Curie-Weiss law above their ordering temperatures. The paramagnetic effective magnetic moments are low compared to the theoretical value for a free Gd 3+ , while the ordered magnetic moments are close to the theoretical value for Gd. The alloys exhibit a moderate magnetocaloric effect (MCE) whose maxima are located between 270K and 338K and have relatively wide peaks. The peak MCE temperature decreases with decreasing Bi concentration while the peak height increases with decreasing Bi concentration. The Curie temperatures determined from inflection points of heat capacity are in good agreement with those obtained from the magnetocaloric effect. The MCE results obtained from the two different methods (magnetization and heat capacity) agree quite well with each other for all of the alloys in the series

Order-disorder transformation in the Ni-4.49 at.% Al alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Adorno, A.T.; Garlipp, W.; Cilense, M.; Silva, R.A.G.

2006-01-01

The order-disorder transformation in the Ni-4.49 at.% Al alloy was studied using electrical resistivity measurements, microhardness measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results confirmed the ordering behavior expected for Ni-Al dilute alloys and the suggested relation between resistivity changes and microhardness changes with anti-ferromagnetic spin ordering. The higher value obtained for the activation energy of vacancy migration was associated with a decrease in the Al concentration gradient near solute-depleted regions

Superconductivity, spin-glass properties, and ferromagnetism in amorphous La--Gd--Au alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Poon, S.J.

1978-01-01

The superconducting and magnetic properties of splat cooled amorphous alloys of composition (La/sub 100-x/Gd/sub x/) 80 Au 20 (0 equal to or less than x equal to or less than 100) have been studied. The La 80 Au 20 alloys are ideal type II superconductors (critical temperature T/sub c/ = 3.5 0 K). The concentration range (x 80 Au 20 . The results are compared with recent theories on amorphous magnetism

A Kondo cluster-glass model for spin glass Cerium alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zimmer, F M; Magalhaes, S G; Coqblin, B

2011-01-01

There are clear indications that the presence of disorder in Ce alloys, such as Ce(Ni,Cu) or Ce(Pd,Rh), is responsible for the existence of a cluster spin glass state which changes continuously into inhomogeneous ferromagnetism at low temperatures. We present a study of the competition between magnetism and Kondo effect in a cluster-glass model composed by a random inter-cluster interaction term and an intra-cluster one, which contains an intra-site Kondo interaction J k and an inter-site ferromagnetic one J 0 . The random interaction is given by the van Hemmen type of randomness which allows to solve the problem without the use of the replica method. The inter-cluster term is solved within the cluster mean-field theory and the remaining intra-cluster interactions can be treated by exact diagonalization. Results show the behavior of the cluster glass order parameter and the Kondo correlation function for several sizes of the clusters, J k , J 0 and values of the ferromagnetic inter-cluster average interaction I 0 . Particularly, for small J k , the magnetic solution is strongly dependent on I 0 and J 0 and a Kondo cluster-glass or a mixed phase can be obtained, while, for large J k , the Kondo effect is still dominant, both in good agreement with experiment in Ce(Ni,Cu) or Ce(Pd,Rh) alloys.

Resistivity and magnetoresistivity of amorphous rare-earth alloys

Science.gov (United States)

Borchi, E.; Poli, M.; De Gennaro, S.

1982-05-01

The resistivity and magnetoresistivity of amorphous rare-earth alloys are studied starting from the general approach of Van Peski-Tinbergen and Dekker. The random axial crystal-field and the magnetic correlations between the rare-earth ions are consistently taken into account. The characteristic features of the available experimental data are explained both of the case of random ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic order.

Investigation of thermoelectricity in KScSn half-Heusler compound

Science.gov (United States)

Shrivastava, Deepika; Acharya, Nikita; Sanyal, Sankar P.

2018-05-01

The electronic and transport properties of KScSn half-Heusler (HH) compound have been investigated using first-principles density functional theory and semi classical Boltzmann transport theory. The electronic band structure and density of states (total and partial) show semiconducting nature of KScSn with band gap 0.48 eV which agree well with previously reported results. The transport coefficient such as electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, electronic thermal conductivity and power factor as a function of chemical potential are evaluated. KScSn has high power factor for p-type doping and is a potential candidate for thermoelectric applications.

Microstructure of epitaxial thin films of the ferromagnetic shape memory alloy Ni{sub 2}MnGa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Eichhorn, Tobias

2011-12-09

This work is concerned with the preparation and detailed characterization of epitaxial thin films of the Heusler compound Ni{sub 2}MnGa. This multiferroic compound is of both technological and scientific interest due to the outstanding magnetic shape memory (MSM) behavior. Huge magnetic-field-induced strains up to 10 % have been observed for single crystals close to a Ni{sub 2}MnGa composition. The effect is based on a redistribution of crystallographic twin variants of tetragonal or orthorhombic symmetry. Under the driving force of the external magnetic field twin boundaries can move through the crystal, which largely affects the macroscopic shape. The unique combination of large reversible strain, high switching frequency and high work output makes the alloy a promising actuator material. Since the MSM effect results from an intrinsic mechanism, MSM devices possess great potential for implementation in microsystems, e.g. microfluidics. So far significant strains, in response to an external magnetic field, have been observed for bulk single crystals and foams solely. In order to take advantage of the effect in applications concepts for miniaturization are needed. The rather direct approach, based on epitaxial thin films, is explored in the course of this work. This involves sample preparation under optimized deposition parameters and fabrication of freestanding single-crystalline films. Different methods to achieve freestanding microstructures such as bridges and cantilevers are presented. The complex crystal structure is extensively studied by means of X-ray diffraction. Thus, the different crystallographic twin variants that are of great importance for the MSM effect are identified. In combination with microscopy the twinning architecture for films of different crystallographic orientation is clarified. Intrinsic blocking effects in samples of (100) orientation are explained on basis of the variant configuration. In contrast, a promising twinning microstructure

Structural, magnetic and transport properties of Co{sub 2}FeAl Heusler films with varying thickness

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang, Xiaotian [School of Material Sciences and Engineering, Hebei University Technology, Tianjin 300130 (China); Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (China); Li, Yueqing [Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (China); State Key Laboratory of Metastable Material Sciences and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004 (China); Du, Yin [Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (China); Dai, Xuefang; Liu, Guodong [School of Material Sciences and Engineering, Hebei University Technology, Tianjin 300130 (China); Liu, Enke [Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (China); Liu, Zhongyuan [State Key Laboratory of Metastable Material Sciences and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004 (China); Wang, Wenhong, E-mail: wenhong.wang@iphy.ac.cn [Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (China); Wu, Guangheng [Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (China)

2014-08-01

We report on a systematic study of the structural, magnetic properties and the anomalous Hall effect, in the Heusler alloy Co{sub 2}FeAl (CFA) epitaxial films on MgO (001), as a function of film thickness. It was found that the epitaxial CFA films show a highly ordered B2 structure with an in-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. The electrical transport properties reveal that the lattice and magnon scattering contributions to the longitudinal resistivity. Independent on the thickness of films, the anomalous Hall resistivity of CFA films is found to be dominated by skew scattering only. Moreover, the anomalous Hall resistivity shows weakly temperature dependent behavior, and its absolute value increases as the thickness decreases. We attribute this temperature insensitivity in the anomalous Hall resistivity to the weak temperature dependent of tunneling spin-polarization in the CFA films, while the thickness dependence behavior is likely due to the increasing significance of interface or free surface electronic states. - Highlights: ●Highly ordered CFA films with various thicknesses were prepared on MgO substrates. ●The magnon scattering contributions to the longitudinal resistivity in the CFA films. ●The anomalous Hall resistivity of the CFA films shows weakly temperature dependent. ●The CFA films show weak temperature dependent of tunneling spin-polarization.

The influence of boron addtion on structural, magnetic and thermoelectric properties of Ni₂Mn_1.52Sb_0.48B_x

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Van Nong, Ngo; Le, Thanh Hung; Tuan Tai, Luu

Heusler alloys known as X2YZ (full­-Heusler) and XYZ (half-­Hersler), where X and Y denote the transition metals and X is s-­p such as Al, Ga, Sb, Sn, In, ect., have been extensively studied since they possess many important properties [1-­3] like shape memory effect, magnetocaloric effect (MCE...

Effect of cathode vibration and heat treatment on electromagnetic properties of flake-shaped diatomite coated with Ni–Fe alloy by electroplating

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lan, Mingming, E-mail: lan_mingming@163.com; Li, Huiqin; Huang, Weihua; Xu, Guangyin; Li, Yan

2015-03-01

In this paper, flake-shaped diatomite particles were used as forming templates for the fabrication of the ferromagnetic functional fillers by way of electroplating Ni–Fe alloy method. The effects of cathode vibration frequency on the content of Ni–Fe alloy in the coating and the surface morphologies of the coatings were evaluated. The electromagnetic properties of the coated diatomite particles before and after heat treatment were also investigated in detail. The results show that the core-shell flake-shaped diatomite particles with high content of Ni–Fe alloy and good surface qualities of the coatings can be obtained by adjusting cathode vibration frequency. The coated diatomite particles with heat treatment filled paraffin wax composites exhibit a superior microwave absorbing and electromagnetic properties compared to the non-heat treated samples. Additionally, the peaks of reflection loss are found to be able to shift to lower frequency by the heat treatment process, which indicates the heat treatment can adjust microwave absorbing frequency band. - Highlights: • We used the diatomite particles as template to fabricate the flake-shaped ferromagnetic fillers. • The diatomite particles were deposited pure magnetic Ni–Fe alloy by electroplating methods. • The coated diatomite particles were lightweight ferromagnetic fillers. • The composites containing coated diatomite particles with heat treatment exhibited great potential in the field of electromagnetic absorbing.

Effect of cathode vibration and heat treatment on electromagnetic properties of flake-shaped diatomite coated with Ni–Fe alloy by electroplating

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lan, Mingming; Li, Huiqin; Huang, Weihua; Xu, Guangyin; Li, Yan

2015-01-01

In this paper, flake-shaped diatomite particles were used as forming templates for the fabrication of the ferromagnetic functional fillers by way of electroplating Ni–Fe alloy method. The effects of cathode vibration frequency on the content of Ni–Fe alloy in the coating and the surface morphologies of the coatings were evaluated. The electromagnetic properties of the coated diatomite particles before and after heat treatment were also investigated in detail. The results show that the core-shell flake-shaped diatomite particles with high content of Ni–Fe alloy and good surface qualities of the coatings can be obtained by adjusting cathode vibration frequency. The coated diatomite particles with heat treatment filled paraffin wax composites exhibit a superior microwave absorbing and electromagnetic properties compared to the non-heat treated samples. Additionally, the peaks of reflection loss are found to be able to shift to lower frequency by the heat treatment process, which indicates the heat treatment can adjust microwave absorbing frequency band. - Highlights: • We used the diatomite particles as template to fabricate the flake-shaped ferromagnetic fillers. • The diatomite particles were deposited pure magnetic Ni–Fe alloy by electroplating methods. • The coated diatomite particles were lightweight ferromagnetic fillers. • The composites containing coated diatomite particles with heat treatment exhibited great potential in the field of electromagnetic absorbing

Superconducting Ferromagnetic Nanodiamond.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Gufei; Samuely, Tomas; Xu, Zheng; Jochum, Johanna K; Volodin, Alexander; Zhou, Shengqiang; May, Paul W; Onufriienko, Oleksandr; Kačmarčík, Jozef; Steele, Julian A; Li, Jun; Vanacken, Johan; Vacík, Jiri; Szabó, Pavol; Yuan, Haifeng; Roeffaers, Maarten B J; Cerbu, Dorin; Samuely, Peter; Hofkens, Johan; Moshchalkov, Victor V

2017-06-27

Superconductivity and ferromagnetism are two mutually antagonistic states in condensed matter. Research on the interplay between these two competing orderings sheds light not only on the cause of various quantum phenomena in strongly correlated systems but also on the general mechanism of superconductivity. Here we report on the observation of the electronic entanglement between superconducting and ferromagnetic states in hydrogenated boron-doped nanodiamond films, which have a superconducting transition temperature T c ∼ 3 K and a Curie temperature T Curie > 400 K. In spite of the high T Curie , our nanodiamond films demonstrate a decrease in the temperature dependence of magnetization below 100 K, in correspondence to an increase in the temperature dependence of resistivity. These anomalous magnetic and electrical transport properties reveal the presence of an intriguing precursor phase, in which spin fluctuations intervene as a result of the interplay between the two antagonistic states. Furthermore, the observations of high-temperature ferromagnetism, giant positive magnetoresistance, and anomalous Hall effect bring attention to the potential applications of our superconducting ferromagnetic nanodiamond films in magnetoelectronics, spintronics, and magnetic field sensing.

Magnetic enhancement of ferroelectric polarization in a self-grown ferroelectric-ferromagnetic composite

Science.gov (United States)

Kumar, Amit; Narayan, Bastola; Pachat, Rohit; Ranjan, Rajeev

2018-02-01

Ferroelectric-ferromagnetic multiferroic composites are of great interest both from the scientific and technological standpoints. The extent of coupling between polarization and magnetization in such two-phase systems depends on how efficiently the magnetostrictive and electrostrictive/piezoelectric strain gets transferred from one phase to the other. This challenge is most profound in the easy to make 0-3 ferroelectric-ferromagnetic particulate composites. Here we report a self-grown ferroelectric-ferromagnetic 0-3 particulate composite through controlled spontaneous precipitation of ferrimagnetic barium hexaferrite phase (BaF e12O19 ) amid ferroelectric grains in the multiferroic alloy system BiFe O3-BaTi O3 . We demonstrate that a composite specimen exhibiting merely ˜1% hexaferrite phase exhibits ˜34% increase in saturation polarization in a dc magnetic field of ˜10 kOe. Using modified Rayleigh analysis of the polarization field loop in the subcoercive field region we argue that the substantial enhancement in the ferroelectric switching is associated with the reduction in the barrier heights of the pinning centers of the ferroelectric-ferroelastic domain walls in the stress field generated by magnetostriction in the hexaferrite grains when the magnetic field is turned on. Our study proves that controlled precipitation of the magnetic phase is a good strategy for synthesis of 0-3 ferroelectric-ferromagnetic particulate multiferroic composite as it not only helps in ensuring a good electrical insulating character of the composite, enabling it to sustain high enough electric field for ferroelectric switching, but also the factors associated with the spontaneity of the precipitation process ensure efficient transfer of the magnetostrictive strain/stress to the surrounding ferroelectric matrix making domain wall motion easy.

Heat dissipation due to ferromagnetic resonance in a ferromagnetic metal monitored by electrical resistance measurement

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yamanoi, Kazuto; Yokotani, Yuki; Kimura, Takashi

2015-01-01

The heat dissipation due to the resonant precessional motion of the magnetization in a ferromagnetic metal has been investigated. We demonstrated that the temperature during the ferromagnetic resonance can be simply detected by the electrical resistance measurement of the Cu strip line in contact with the ferromagnetic metal. The temperature change of the Cu strip due to the ferromagnetic resonance was found to exceed 10 K, which significantly affects the spin-current transport. The influence of the thermal conductivity of the substrate on the heating was also investigated

Comparative Study by MS and XRD of Fe50Al50 Alloys Produced by Mechanical Alloying, Using Different Ball Mills

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rojas Martinez, Y.; Perez Alcazar, G. A.; Bustos Rodriguez, H.; Oyola Lozano, D.

2005-01-01

In this work we report a comparative study of the magnetic and structural properties of Fe 50 Al 50 alloys produced by mechanical alloying using two different planetary ball mills with the same ball mass to powder mass relation. The Fe 50 Al 50 sample milled during 48 h using the Fritsch planetary ball mill pulverisette 5 and balls of 20 mm, presents only a bcc alloy phase with a majority of paramagnetic sites, whereas that sample milled during the same time using the Fritsch planetary ball mill pulverisette 7 with balls of 15 mm, presents a bcc alloy phase with paramagnetic site (doublet) and a majority of ferromagnetic sites which include pure Fe. However for 72 h of milling this sample presents a bcc paramagnetic phase, very similar to that prepared with the first system during 48 h. These results show that the conditions used in the first ball mill equipment make more efficient the milling process.

NMR Evidence for the Topologically Nontrivial Nature in a Family of Half-Heusler Compounds

KAUST Repository

Zhang, Xiaoming

2016-03-16

Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is expected to partly determine the topologically nontrivial electronic structure of heavy half-Heusler ternary compounds. However, to date, attempts to experimentally observe either the strength of SOC or how it modifies the bulk band structure have been unsuccessful. By using bulk-sensitive nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy combined with first-principles calculations, we reveal that 209Bi NMR isotropic shifts scale with relativity in terms of the strength of SOC and average atomic numbers, indicating strong relativistic effects on NMR parameters. According to first-principles calculations, we further claim that nuclear magnetic shieldings from relativistic p1/2 states and paramagnetic contributions from low-lying unoccupied p3/2 states are both sensitive to the details of band structures tuned by relativity, which explains why the hidden relativistic effects on band structure can be revealed by 209Bi NMR isotropic shifts in topologically nontrivial half-Heusler compounds. Used in complement to surface-sensitive methods, such as angle resolved photon electron spectroscopy and scanning tunneling spectroscopy, NMR can provide valuable information on bulk electronic states.

NMR Evidence for the Topologically Nontrivial Nature in a Family of Half-Heusler Compounds

KAUST Repository

Zhang, Xiaoming; Hou, Zhipeng; Wang, Yue; Xu, Guizhou; Shi, Chenglong; Liu, EnKe; Xi, Xuekui; Wang, Wenhong; Wu, Guangheng; Zhang, Xixiang

2016-01-01

Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is expected to partly determine the topologically nontrivial electronic structure of heavy half-Heusler ternary compounds. However, to date, attempts to experimentally observe either the strength of SOC or how it modifies the bulk band structure have been unsuccessful. By using bulk-sensitive nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy combined with first-principles calculations, we reveal that 209Bi NMR isotropic shifts scale with relativity in terms of the strength of SOC and average atomic numbers, indicating strong relativistic effects on NMR parameters. According to first-principles calculations, we further claim that nuclear magnetic shieldings from relativistic p1/2 states and paramagnetic contributions from low-lying unoccupied p3/2 states are both sensitive to the details of band structures tuned by relativity, which explains why the hidden relativistic effects on band structure can be revealed by 209Bi NMR isotropic shifts in topologically nontrivial half-Heusler compounds. Used in complement to surface-sensitive methods, such as angle resolved photon electron spectroscopy and scanning tunneling spectroscopy, NMR can provide valuable information on bulk electronic states.

Three-dimensional hole transport in nickel oxide by alloying with MgO or ZnO

Science.gov (United States)

Alidoust, Nima; Carter, Emily A.

2015-11-01

It has been shown previously that the movement of a hole in nickel oxide is confined to two dimensions, along a single ferromagnetic plane. Such confinement may hamper hole transport when NiO is used as a p-type transparent conductor in various solar energy conversion technologies. Here, we use the small polaron model, along with unrestricted Hartree-Fock and complete active space self-consistent field calculations to show that forming substitutional MxNi1-xO alloys with M = Mg or Zn reduces the barrier for movement of a hole away from the ferromagnetic plane to which it is confined. Such reduction occurs for hole transfer alongside one or two M ions that have been substituted for Ni ions. Furthermore, the Mg and Zn ions do not trap holes on O sites in their vicinity, and NiO's transparency is preserved upon forming the alloys. Thus, forming MxNi1-xO alloys with M = Mg or Zn may enhance NiO's potential as a p-type transparent conducting oxide, by disrupting the two-dimensional confinement of holes in pure NiO.

Large linear magnetoresistance and shubnikov-de hass oscillations in single crystals of YPdBi heusler topological insulators

KAUST Repository

Wang, Wenhong; Du, Yin; Xu, Guizhou; Zhang, Xiaoming; Liu, Enke; Liu, Zhongyuan; Shi, Youguo; Chen, Jinglan; Wu, Guangheng; Zhang, Xixiang

2013-01-01

We report the observation of a large linear magnetoresistance (MR) and Shubnikov-de Hass (SdH) quantum oscillations in single crystals of YPdBi Heusler topological insulators. Owning to the successfully obtained the high-quality YPdBi single crystals, large non-saturating linear MR of as high as 350% at 5K and over 120% at 300K under a moderate magnetic field of 7T is observed. In addition to the large, field-linear MR, the samples exhibit pronounced SdH quantum oscillations at low temperature. Analysis of the SdH data manifests that the high-mobility bulk electron carriers dominate the magnetotransport and are responsible for the observed large linear MR in YPdBi crystals. These findings imply that the Heusler-based topological insulators have superiorities for investigating the novel quantum transport properties and developing the potential applications.

Large linear magnetoresistance and shubnikov-de hass oscillations in single crystals of YPdBi heusler topological insulators

KAUST Repository

Wang, Wenhong

2013-07-12

We report the observation of a large linear magnetoresistance (MR) and Shubnikov-de Hass (SdH) quantum oscillations in single crystals of YPdBi Heusler topological insulators. Owning to the successfully obtained the high-quality YPdBi single crystals, large non-saturating linear MR of as high as 350% at 5K and over 120% at 300K under a moderate magnetic field of 7T is observed. In addition to the large, field-linear MR, the samples exhibit pronounced SdH quantum oscillations at low temperature. Analysis of the SdH data manifests that the high-mobility bulk electron carriers dominate the magnetotransport and are responsible for the observed large linear MR in YPdBi crystals. These findings imply that the Heusler-based topological insulators have superiorities for investigating the novel quantum transport properties and developing the potential applications.

Transport measurements in superconductor/Heusler bilayers

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Imort, Inga-Mareen; Fabretti, Savio; Thomas, Patrick; Reiss, Guenter; Thomas, Andy [Fakultaet fuer Physik, Universitaet Bielefeld, Bielefeld (Germany)

2012-07-01

Superconductivity and ferromagnetism are two contrary phenomena due to their electronic properties. The investigation of superconductor (S)/ferromagnet (F) heterostructures has attracted a lot of scientific interest since they allow studying the interplay between superconductivity and ferromagnetism. Additionally, applications seem possible such as F/S/F spin valves and S/F/S π-junctions. Using transport- and magnetotransport-measurements, we investigate the behavior of the superconducting transition temperature T{sub c} in NbTi/Co{sub 2}FeSi bilayers as a function of different layer thicknesses and for varying magnetic moments of the Co{sub 2}FeSi layers. Using rf-magnetron sputtering, NbTi/Co{sub 2}FeSi bilayers were grown on single-crystalline MgO(001) substrates and in-situ annealed at different temperatures. The layered character of our samples has been tested by X-ray diffraction (XRD) scans. The electronic and magnetic transport measurements have been performed between 3 and 300 K with the magnetic field up to 4 T oriented in the film plane. The dependence of T{sub c} on the NbTi- and Co{sub 2}FeSi-layer thickness enables an estimation of the interface transparency of the NbTi/Co{sub 2}FeSi barrier in the framework of recent theoretical models.

Impact of Interstitial Ni on the Thermoelectric Properties of the Half-Heusler TiNiSn

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sonia A. Barczak

2018-03-01

Full Text Available TiNiSn is an intensively studied half-Heusler alloy that shows great potential for waste heat recovery. Here, we report on the structures and thermoelectric properties of a series of metal-rich TiNi1+ySn compositions prepared via solid-state reactions and hot pressing. A general relation between the amount of interstitial Ni and lattice parameter is determined from neutron powder diffraction. High-resolution synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction reveals the occurrence of strain broadening upon hot pressing, which is attributed to the metastable arrangement of interstitial Ni. Hall measurements confirm that interstitial Ni causes weak n-type doping and a reduction in carrier mobility, which limits the power factor to 2.5–3 mW m−1 K−2 for these samples. The thermal conductivity was modelled within the Callaway approximation and is quantitively linked to the amount of interstitial Ni, resulting in a predicted value of 12.7 W m−1 K−1 at 323 K for stoichiometric TiNiSn. Interstitial Ni leads to a reduction of the thermal band gap and moves the peak ZT = 0.4 to lower temperatures, thus offering the possibility to engineer a broad ZT plateau. This work adds further insight into the impact of small amounts of interstitial Ni on the thermal and electrical transport of TiNiSn.

The role of adaptive martensite in magnetic shape memory alloys

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Niemann, R.; Rößler, U.K.; Gruner, M.E.; Heczko, Oleg; Schultz, L.; Fähler, S.

2012-01-01

Roč. 14, č. 8 (2012), s. 562-581 ISSN 1438-1656 Grant - others:AVČR(CZ) M100100913 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10100520 Keywords : Ni-Mn-Ga * magnetic shape memory alloy * ferromagnetic martensite * modulated structure * adaptive phase * mobility of twin boundary Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism Impact factor: 1.608, year: 2012

Investigation of structural relaxation, crystallization process and magnetic properties of the Fe-Ni-Si-B-C amorphous alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kalezic-Glisovic, A.; Novakovic, L.; Maricic, A.; Minic, D.; Mitrovic, N.

2006-01-01

The differential scanning calorimetry method was used for investigating the crystallization process of the Fe 89.8 Ni 1.5 Si 5.2 B 3 C 0.5 amorphous alloy. It was shown that the examined alloy crystallizes in three stages. The first crystallization stage occurs at 799 K, the second at 820 K and the third at 888 K. Temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility relative change was investigated by the modified Faraday method in the temperature region from room temperature up to 900 K. It has been established that the Curie temperature is about 700 K for amorphous state. The magnetic susceptibility increases by 30% after the first heating up to 710 K. During the second heating up to 840 K the alloy loses its ferromagnetic features in the temperature region from 710 to 750 K, upon which it again regains the same. After the second heating magnetic susceptibility decreases by 23% as compared to the amorphous starting value and by 53% as compared to the value before the second heating. The crystallized alloy maintains ferromagnetic features in the whole temperature region during the heating up to 900 K

Investigation of structural relaxation, crystallization process and magnetic properties of the Fe-Ni-Si-B-C amorphous alloy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kalezic-Glisovic, A. [Joint Laboratory for Advanced Materials of SASA, Section for Amorphous Systems, Technical Faculty Cacak, Svetog Save 65, 32000 Cacak (Serbia and Montenegro)]. E-mail: aleksandrakalezic@eunet.yu; Novakovic, L. [Faculty of Physics, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade (Serbia and Montenegro); Maricic, A. [Joint Laboratory for Advanced Materials of SASA, Section for Amorphous Systems, Technical Faculty Cacak, Svetog Save 65, 32000 Cacak (Serbia and Montenegro); Minic, D. [Faculty of Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade (Serbia and Montenegro); Mitrovic, N. [Joint Laboratory for Advanced Materials of SASA, Section for Amorphous Systems, Technical Faculty Cacak, Svetog Save 65, 32000 Cacak (Serbia and Montenegro)]. E-mail: nmitrov@tfc.kg.ac.yu

2006-07-15

The differential scanning calorimetry method was used for investigating the crystallization process of the Fe{sub 89.8}Ni{sub 1.5}Si{sub 5.2}B{sub 3}C{sub 0.5} amorphous alloy. It was shown that the examined alloy crystallizes in three stages. The first crystallization stage occurs at 799 K, the second at 820 K and the third at 888 K. Temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility relative change was investigated by the modified Faraday method in the temperature region from room temperature up to 900 K. It has been established that the Curie temperature is about 700 K for amorphous state. The magnetic susceptibility increases by 30% after the first heating up to 710 K. During the second heating up to 840 K the alloy loses its ferromagnetic features in the temperature region from 710 to 750 K, upon which it again regains the same. After the second heating magnetic susceptibility decreases by 23% as compared to the amorphous starting value and by 53% as compared to the value before the second heating. The crystallized alloy maintains ferromagnetic features in the whole temperature region during the heating up to 900 K.

Comparative Study by MS and XRD of Fe{sub 50}Al{sub 50} Alloys Produced by Mechanical Alloying, Using Different Ball Mills

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rojas Martinez, Y., E-mail: yarojas@ut.edu.co [University of Tolima, Department of Physics (Colombia); Perez Alcazar, G. A. [University of Valle, Department of Physics (Colombia); Bustos Rodriguez, H.; Oyola Lozano, D., E-mail: doyolalozano@yahoo.com.mx [University of Tolima, Department of Physics (Colombia)

2005-02-15

In this work we report a comparative study of the magnetic and structural properties of Fe{sub 50}Al{sub 50} alloys produced by mechanical alloying using two different planetary ball mills with the same ball mass to powder mass relation. The Fe{sub 50}Al{sub 50} sample milled during 48 h using the Fritsch planetary ball mill pulverisette 5 and balls of 20 mm, presents only a bcc alloy phase with a majority of paramagnetic sites, whereas that sample milled during the same time using the Fritsch planetary ball mill pulverisette 7 with balls of 15 mm, presents a bcc alloy phase with paramagnetic site (doublet) and a majority of ferromagnetic sites which include pure Fe. However for 72 h of milling this sample presents a bcc paramagnetic phase, very similar to that prepared with the first system during 48 h. These results show that the conditions used in the first ball mill equipment make more efficient the milling process.

Exchange bias in nearly perpendicularly coupled ferromagnetic/ferromagnetic system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bu, K.M.; Kwon, H.Y.; Oh, S.W.; Won, C.

2012-01-01

Exchange bias phenomena appear not only in ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic systems but also in ferromagnetic/ferromagnetic systems in which two layers are nearly perpendicularly coupled. We investigated the origin of the symmetry-breaking mechanism and the relationship between the exchange bias and the system's energy parameters. We compared the results of computational Monte Carlo simulations with those of theoretical model calculation. We found that the exchange bias exhibited nonlinear behaviors, including sign reversal and singularities. These complicated behaviors were caused by two distinct magnetization processes depending on the interlayer coupling strength. The exchange bias reached a maximum at the transition between the two magnetization processes. - Highlights: ► Exchange bias phenomena are found in perpendicularly coupled F/F systems. ► Exchange bias exhibits nonlinear behaviors, including sign reversal and singularities. ► These complicated behaviors were caused by two distinct magnetization processes. ► Exchange bias reached a maximum at the transition between the two magnetization processes. ► We established an equation to maximize the exchange bias in perpendicularly coupled F/F system.

Magnetic properties of ball-milled Fe0.6Mn0.1Al0.3 alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rebolledo, A.F.; Romero, J.J.; Cuadrado, R.; Gonzalez, J.M.; Pigazo, F.; Palomares, F.J.; Medina, M.H.; Perez Alcazar, G.A.

2007-01-01

The FeMnAl-disordered alloy system exhibits, depending on the composition and the temperature, a rich variety of magnetic phases including the occurrence of ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, paramagnetism and spin-glass and reentrant spin glass behaviors. These latter phases result from the presence of atomic disorder and magnetic dilution and from the competing exchange interactions taking place between an Fe atom and its Mn and Fe first neighbors. The use of mechanical alloying in order to prepare these alloys is specially interesting since it allows to introduce in a progressive way large amounts of disorder. In this work, we describe the evolution with the milling time of the temperature dependence of the magnetic properties of mechanically alloyed Fe 0.6 Mn 0.1 Al 0.3 samples. The materials were prepared in a planetary ball mill using a balls-to-powder mass ratio of 15:1 and pure (99.95 at%) Fe, Mn and Al powders for times up to 19 h. The X-rays diffraction (XRD) spectra show the coexistence of three phases at short milling times. For milling times over 6 h, only the FeMnAl ternary alloy BCC phase is observed. Moesbauer spectroscopy reveals the complete formation of the FeMnAl alloy after 9 h milling time. The magnetic characterization showed that all the samples were ferromagnetic at room temperature with coercivities decreasing from 105 Oe (3 h milled sample) down to 5 Oe in the case of the sample milled for 19 h

Deconvolution of ferromagnetic resonance in devitrification process of Co-based amorphous alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Montiel, H.; Alvarez, G.; Betancourt, I.; Zamorano, R.; Valenzuela, R.

2006-01-01

Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) measurements were carried out on soft magnetic amorphous ribbons of composition Co 66 Fe 4 B 12 Si 13 Nb 4 Cu prepared by melt spinning. In the as-cast sample, a simple FMR spectrum was apparent. For treatment times of 5-20 min a complex resonant absorption at lower fields was detected; deconvolution calculations were carried out on the FMR spectra and it was possible to separate two contributions. These results can be interpreted as the combination of two different magnetic phases, corresponding to the amorphous matrix and nanocrystallites. The parameters of resonant absorptions can be associated with the evolution of nanocrystallization during the annealing

Moessbauer effect studies of magnetic interactions in iron and dilute iron alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Woude, F. van der; Schurer, P.J.; Sawatzky, G.A.

1975-01-01

A temperature-dependent Moessbauer study was conducted in FeX alloys, where X = Al, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, and Ni, aimed at solving the problem of 'what is localized and what is itinerant in iron ferromagnetism'. The experimental results are interpreted using a phenomenological model based on a modified Zener-Vonsovskij theory. Absorption spectra of FeX alloys were measured as a function of temperature. It was found that the 3d magnetic moments in iron were mainly localized while exchange coupling was provided by partly itinerant 3d electrons. (L.D.)

Evidence of new high-pressure magnetic phases in Fe-Pt Invar alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matsushita, M.; Endo, S.; Miura, K.; Ono, F.

2003-01-01

To investigate the magnetic properties of disordered Fe 70 Pt 30 Invar alloy under high pressure, measurements of the real part of the AC susceptibility (χ) were made under pressure up to 7.5 GPa in the temperature range 4.2-385 K using a cubic anvil high-pressure apparatus. The Curie temperature (T C ) decreased with increasing pressure, and then, two new high-pressure magnetic phases appeared. These results show that the ferromagnetism of Fe-Pt Invar alloy becomes weaker, and the antiferromagnetic interaction becomes dominant with increasing pressure

Intrinsic ferromagnetism in hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Si, M. S.; Gao, Daqiang, E-mail: gaodq@lzu.edu.cn, E-mail: xueds@lzu.edu.cn; Yang, Dezheng; Peng, Yong; Zhang, Z. Y.; Xue, Desheng, E-mail: gaodq@lzu.edu.cn, E-mail: xueds@lzu.edu.cn [Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 (China); Liu, Yushen [Jiangsu Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and College of Physics and Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500 (China); Deng, Xiaohui [Department of Physics and Electronic Information Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421008 (China); Zhang, G. P. [Department of Physics, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, Indiana 47809 (United States)

2014-05-28

Understanding the mechanism of ferromagnetism in hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets, which possess only s and p electrons in comparison with normal ferromagnets based on localized d or f electrons, is a current challenge. In this work, we report an experimental finding that the ferromagnetic coupling is an intrinsic property of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets, which has never been reported before. Moreover, we further confirm it from ab initio calculations. We show that the measured ferromagnetism should be attributed to the localized π states at edges, where the electron-electron interaction plays the role in this ferromagnetic ordering. More importantly, we demonstrate such edge-induced ferromagnetism causes a high Curie temperature well above room temperature. Our systematical work, including experimental measurements and theoretical confirmation, proves that such unusual room temperature ferromagnetism in hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets is edge-dependent, similar to widely reported graphene-based materials. It is believed that this work will open new perspectives for hexagonal boron nitride spintronic devices.

Temperature limited heater utilizing non-ferromagnetic conductor

Science.gov (United States)

Vinegar,; Harold J. , Harris; Kelvin, Christopher [Houston, TX

2012-07-17

A heater is described. The heater includes a ferromagnetic conductor and an electrical conductor electrically coupled to the ferromagnetic conductor. The ferromagnetic conductor is positioned relative to the electrical conductor such that an electromagnetic field produced by time-varying current flow in the ferromagnetic conductor confines a majority of the flow of the electrical current to the electrical conductor at temperatures below or near a selected temperature.

Giant magnetoresistance in CrFeMn alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xu, W.M.; Zheng, P.; Chen, Z.J.

1997-01-01

The electrical resistance and longitudinal magnetoresistance of Cr 75 (Fe x Mn 1-x ) 25 alloys, x=0.64, 0.72, are studied in the temperature range 1.5-270 K in applied field up to 7.5 T. The magnetoresistance is negative and strongly correlated with the spin reorientation. In the temperature range where the antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic domains coexist, the samples display giant magnetoresistance which follows a H n -law at high field. (orig.)

Structural order and magnetism of rare-earth metallic amorphous alloys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maurer, M.

1984-01-01

Local symmetry (as evaluated from the electric field gradient tensor) and radial distribution functions (obtained by EXAFS measurement) are determined in a series of amorphous rare-earth base alloys. Local order is found to increase with the extent of heteroatomic interactions. Various magnetic phases (including ferromagnetic, spin-glass, reentrant spin-glass) occur for europium alloys with simple metals (Mg, Zn, Cd, Al, Au, ...). This variety reflects the sensitivity of exchange interactions to the presence of non-s conduction electrons. Asperomagnetic structures are established for the Dy alloys. The crystalline electric field interactions at the Dy 3+ ions are interpreted with the help of local symmetry data. Quadratic axial and non-axial crystal field terms are sufficient and necessary in order to account for the hyperfine and bulk experimental results [fr

Spin-flip scattering effect on the current-induced spin torque in ferromagnet-insulator-ferromagnet tunnel junctions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhu Zhengang; Su Gang; Jin Biao; Zheng Qingrong

2003-01-01

We have investigated the current-induced spin transfer torque of a ferromagnet-insulator-ferromagnet tunnel junction by taking the spin-flip scatterings into account. It is found that the spin-flip scattering can induce an additional spin torque, enhancing the maximum of the spin torque and giving rise to an angular shift compared to the case when the spin-flip scatterings are neglected. The effects of the molecular fields of the left and right ferromagnets on the spin torque are also studied. It is found that τ Rx /I e (τ Rx is the spin-transfer torque acting on the right ferromagnet and I e is the tunneling electrical current) does vary with the molecular fields. At two certain angles, τ Rx /I e is independent of the molecular field of the right ferromagnet, resulting in two crossing points in the curve of τ Rx /I e versus the relevant orientation for different molecular fields

The Physics of Ferromagnetism

CERN Document Server

Miyazaki, Terunobu

2012-01-01

This book covers both basic physics of ferromagnetism such as magnetic moment, exchange coupling, magnetic anisotropy and recent progress in advanced ferromagnetic materials. Special interests are focused on NdFeB permanent magnets and the materials studied in the field of spintronics. In the latter, development of tunnel magnetoresistance effect through so called giant magnetoresistance effect is explained.

Influence of defects and disorder on anomalous Hall effect and spin Seebeck effect on permalloy and Heusler compounds

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vilanova Vidal, Enrique

2012-09-19

In this work Heusler thin films have been prepared and their transport properties have been studied. Of particularly interest is the anomalous Hall effect (AHE). The effect is a long known but still not fully understood transport effect. Most theory papers focus on the influence of one particular contribution to the AHE. Actual measured experimental data, however, often are not in accordance with idealized assumptions. This thesis discusses the data analysis for materials with low residual resistivity ratios. As prototypical materials, half metallic Heusler compounds are studied. Here, the influence of defects and disorder is apparent in a material with a complex topology of the Fermi surface. Using films with different degrees of disorder, the different scattering mechanisms can be separated. For Co{sub 2}FeSi{sub 0.6}Al{sub 0.4} and Co{sub 2}FeGa{sub 0.5}Ge{sub 0.5}, the AHE induced by B2-type disorder and temperature-dependent scattering is positive, while DO{sub 3}-type disorder and possible intrinsic contributions possess a negative sign. For these compounds, magneto-optical Kerr effects (MOKE) are investigated. First order contributions as a function of intrinsic and extrinsic parameters are qualitatively analyzed. The relation between the crystalline ordering and the second order contributions to the MOKE signal is studied. In addition, sets of the Heusler compound Co{sub 2}MnAl thin films were grown on MgO(100) and Si(100) substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. Composition, magnetic and transport properties were studied systematically for samples deposited at different conditions. In particular, the anomalous Hall effect resistivity presents an extraordinarily temperature independent behavior in a moderate magnetic field range from 0 to 0.6 T. The off-diagonal transport at temperatures up to 300 C was analyzed. The data show the suitability of the material for Hall sensors working well above room temperature. Recently, the spin Seebeck effect

Influence of Cobalt on the Properties of Load-Sensitive Magnesium Alloys

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kai Kerber

2012-12-01

Full Text Available In this study, magnesium is alloyed with varying amounts of the ferromagnetic alloying element cobalt in order to obtain lightweight load-sensitive materials with sensory properties which allow an online-monitoring of mechanical forces applied to components made from Mg-Co alloys. An optimized casting process with the use of extruded Mg-Co powder rods is utilized which enables the production of magnetic magnesium alloys with a reproducible Co concentration. The efficiency of the casting process is confirmed by SEM analyses. Microstructures and Co-rich precipitations of various Mg-Co alloys are investigated by means of EDS and XRD analyses. The Mg-Co alloys’ mechanical strengths are determined by tensile tests. Magnetic properties of the Mg-Co sensor alloys depending on the cobalt content and the acting mechanical load are measured utilizing the harmonic analysis of eddy-current signals. Within the scope of this work, the influence of the element cobalt on magnesium is investigated in detail and an optimal cobalt concentration is defined based on the performed examinations.

Room-temperature ferromagnetism in cerium dioxide powders

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rakhmatullin, R. M., E-mail: rrakhmat@kpfu.ru; Pavlov, V. V.; Semashko, V. V.; Korableva, S. L. [Kazan Federal University, Institute of Physics (Russian Federation)

2015-08-15

Room-temperature ferromagnetism is detected in a CeO{sub 2} powder with a grain size of about 35 nm and a low (<0.1 at %) manganese and iron content. The ferromagnetism in a CeO{sub 2} sample with a submicron crystallite size and the same manganese and iron impurity content is lower than in the nanocrystalline sample by an order of magnitude. Apart from ferromagnetism, both samples exhibit EPR spectra of localized paramagnetic centers, the concentration of which is lower than 0.01 at %. A comparative analysis of these results shows that the F-center exchange (FCE) mechanism cannot cause ferromagnetism. This conclusion agrees with the charge-transfer ferromagnetism model proposed recently.

Half-Heusler compounds with a 1 eV (1.7 eV) direct band gap, lattice-matched to GaAs (Si), for solar cell application: A first-principles study

KAUST Repository

Belmiloud, N.

2016-01-10

A systematic theoretical study of the structural and electronic properties of new half-Heusler compounds is performed to find the appropriate target key physical parameters for photovoltaic application. As a result, five ternary half-Heusler compounds ScAgC, YCuC, CaZnC, NaAgO, and LiCuS are studied by density functional theory for potential applications in multi-junction solar cells. The calculated formation enthalpies indicate that these materials are thermodynamically stable. Using state-of-the-art modified Becke-Johnson exchange potential approximation, we find a direct band gap close to 1eV (∼1.88eV) for ScAgC, YCuC, CaZnC, NaAgO (LiCuS) being quasi-lattice matched to GaAs (Si). In addition, the band offsets between half-Heusler compounds and GaAs (Si) and their consequences for heterostructures are derived using the modified Tersoff method for the branch-point energy. Furthermore, the elastic constants and phonon dispersion curves are calculated. They indicate the respective mechanical and dynamical stability of these half-Heusler compounds. © 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Josephson tunnel junctions with ferromagnetic interlayer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Weides, M.P.

2006-01-01

Superconductivity and ferromagnetism are well-known physical properties of solid states that have been widely studied and long thought about as antagonistic phenomena due to difference in spin ordering. It turns out that the combination of both superconductor and ferromagnet leads to a very rich and interesting physics. One particular example, the phase oscillations of the superconducting order parameter inside the ferromagnet, will play a major role for the devices discussed in this work. In this thesis, I present Josephson junctions with a thin Al 2 O 3 tunnel barrier and a ferromagnetic interlayer, i.e. superconductor-insulator-ferromagnet-superconductor (SIFS) stacks. The fabrication of junctions was optimized regarding the insulation of electrodes and the homogeneity of the current transport. The junctions were either in the 0 or π coupled ground state, depending on the thickness of the ferromagnetic layer and on temperature. The influence of ferromagnetic layer thickness on the transport properties and the coupling (0, π) of SIFS tunnel junctions was studied. Furthermore, using a stepped ferromagnetic layer with well-chosen thicknesses, I obtained the so-called 0-π Josephson junction. At a certain temperature this 0-π junction can be made perfectly symmetric. In this case the ground state corresponds to a vortex of supercurrent creating a magnetic flux which is a fraction of the magnetic flux quantum Φ 0 . Such structures allow to study the physics of fractional vortices and to build various electronic circuits based on them. The SIFS junctions presented here have an exponentially vanishing damping at T → 0. The SIFS technology developed within the framework of this work may be used to construct classical and quantum devices such as oscillators, memory cells and qubits. (orig.)

Josephson tunnel junctions with ferromagnetic interlayer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Weides, M.P.

2006-07-01

Superconductivity and ferromagnetism are well-known physical properties of solid states that have been widely studied and long thought about as antagonistic phenomena due to difference in spin ordering. It turns out that the combination of both superconductor and ferromagnet leads to a very rich and interesting physics. One particular example, the phase oscillations of the superconducting order parameter inside the ferromagnet, will play a major role for the devices discussed in this work. In this thesis, I present Josephson junctions with a thin Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} tunnel barrier and a ferromagnetic interlayer, i.e. superconductor-insulator-ferromagnet-superconductor (SIFS) stacks. The fabrication of junctions was optimized regarding the insulation of electrodes and the homogeneity of the current transport. The junctions were either in the 0 or {pi} coupled ground state, depending on the thickness of the ferromagnetic layer and on temperature. The influence of ferromagnetic layer thickness on the transport properties and the coupling (0, {pi}) of SIFS tunnel junctions was studied. Furthermore, using a stepped ferromagnetic layer with well-chosen thicknesses, I obtained the so-called 0-{pi} Josephson junction. At a certain temperature this 0-{pi} junction can be made perfectly symmetric. In this case the ground state corresponds to a vortex of supercurrent creating a magnetic flux which is a fraction of the magnetic flux quantum {phi}{sub 0}. Such structures allow to study the physics of fractional vortices and to build various electronic circuits based on them. The SIFS junctions presented here have an exponentially vanishing damping at T {yields} 0. The SIFS technology developed within the framework of this work may be used to construct classical and quantum devices such as oscillators, memory cells and qubits. (orig.)

The Magnetic Properties of Metal-Alloy Glass Composites Prepared by Ion Implantation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Julian Fernandez, Cesar de; Mattei, Giovanni; Sada, Cinzia; Maurizio, Chiara; Padovani, Sara; Mazzoldi, Paolo; Sangregorio, Claudio; Gatteschi, Dante

2003-01-01

The structural and magnetic properties of Co-Ni, Co-Fe and Ni-Cu alloy nanoparticles formed in silica matrix by sequential ion implantation are presented. These nanoparticles show crystal structure similar to the corresponding bulk alloys. In the Co-Ni and Co-Fe, magnetization saturation and coercive field depend on the the alloy composition, crystal structure and size effects. Ferromagnetic resonance studies show that collective magnetic processes are present and these are determined by the film-like morphology of the implanted region. The temperature dependence of the magnetization of the NixCu100-x samples indicates that their Curie Temperatures are larger than the corresponding bulk ones. This feature is discussed considering the composition of the nanoparticles and the size effects

Magnetic and electronic properties of the Cu-substituted Weyl semimetal candidate ZrCo2Sn.

Science.gov (United States)

Kushwaha, S K; Wang, Zhijun; Kong, Tai; Cava, Robert

2018-01-04

We report that the partial substitution of Cu for Co has a significant impact on the magnetic properties of the Heusler-phase Weyl fermion candidate ZrCo₂Sn. Polycrystalline samples of ZrCo_2-xCu_xSn (x = 0.0 to 1.0) exhibited a linearly decreasing ferromagnetic transition temperature and similarly decreasing saturated magnetic moment on increasing Cu substitution x. Materials with Cu contents near x = 1 and several other quaternary materials synthesized at the same x (ZrCoT'Sn (T' = Rh, Pd, Ni)) display what appears to be non-ferromagnetic magnetization behavior with spin glass characteristics. Electronic structure calculations suggest that the half-metallic nature of unsubstituted ZrCo₂Sn is disrupted significantly by the Cu substitutions, leading to the breakdown of the magnetization vs. electron count guidelines usually followed by Heusler phases, and a more typical metallic non-spin-polarized electronic structure at high x. © 2018 IOP Publishing Ltd.

Ferromagnetic pairing states on two-coupled chains

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tanaka, Akinori

2008-01-01

We propose a concrete model which exhibits ferromagnetism and electron-pair condensation simultaneously. The model is defined on two chains and consists of the electron hopping term, the on-site Coulomb repulsion and a ferromagnetic interaction which describes ferromagnetic coupling between two electrons, one on a bond in a chain and the other on a site in the other chain. It is rigorously shown that the model has fully-polarized ferromagnetic pairing ground states. The higher dimensional version of the model is also presented

Atomic disorder and the magnetic, electrical, and optical properties of a Co2CrAl Heusler alloy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Svyazhin, A. D.; Shreder, E. I.; Voronin, V. I.; Berger, I. F.; Danilov, S. E.

2013-01-01

Two Co 2 CrAl alloy samples subjected to different heat treatment regimes are studied. An exact distribution of atoms over the sublattices in the samples is determined by X-ray diffraction and neutron diffraction methods. These data are used to perform ab initio density of states calculations and to calculate the magnetic moments of the samples in a coherent potential approximation. The calculated magnetic moments are compared to the experimental values. The effect of atomic ordering on the electronic structure near the Fermi level is analyzed using optical methods. The possible causes of the detected temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity, unusual for metallic alloys, are discussed.

Structural and magnetic properties of Fe60Al40 alloys prepared by means of a magnetic mill

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bernal-Correa, R.; Rosales-Rivera, A.; Pineda-Gomez, P.; Salazar, N.A.

2010-01-01

A study on synthesis, structural and magnetic characterization of Fe 60 Al 40 (at.%) alloys prepared by means of mechanical alloying process is presented. The mechanical alloying was performed using a milling device with magnetically controlled ball movement (Uni-Ball-Mill 5 equipment) at several milling times. The characterization was carried out via X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The effects of milling time on the structural state, morphological evolution and magnetic behaviour of the Fe 60 Al 40 (at.%) alloys are discussed. Besides, in this current study we emphasize the result that indicating a ferro-para-ferromagnetic transition from a correlation between X-ray diffraction and magnetization data.

Microstructural evolution and magnetic properties of ultrafine solute-atom particles formed in a Cu75-Ni20-Fe5 alloy on isothermal annealing

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Jun-Seop; Takeda, Mahoto; Bae, Dong-Sik

2016-12-01

Microstructural features strongly affect magnetism in nano-granular magnetic materials. In the present work we have investigated the relationship between the magnetic properties and the self-organized microstructure formed in a Cu75-Ni20-Fe5 alloy comprising ferromagnetic elements and copper atoms. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) observations showed that on isothermal annealing at 873 K, nano-scale solute (Fe,Ni)-rich clusters initially formed with a random distribution in the Cu-rich matrix. Superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) measurements revealed that these ultrafine solute clusters exhibited super-spinglass and superparamagnetic states. On further isothermal annealing the precipitates evolved to cubic or rectangular ferromagnetic particles and aligned along the directions of the copper-rich matrix. Electron energy-band calculations based on the first-principle Korringa-Kohn-Rostocker (KKR) method were also implemented to investigate both the electronic structure and the magnetic properties of the alloy. Inputting compositions obtained experimentally by scanning transmission electron microscopy-electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM-EDS) analysis, the KKR calculation confirmed that ferromagnetic precipitates (of moment 1.07μB per atom) formed after annealing for 2 × 104 min. Magneto-thermogravimetric (MTG) analysis determined with high sensitivity the Curie temperatures and magnetic susceptibility above room temperature of samples containing nano-scale ferromagnetic particles.

Efficiency of homopolar generators without ferromagnetic circuit

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kharitonov, V.V.

1982-01-01

E.m.f. and weights of homopolar generators (HG) without a ferromagnetic circuit and of similar generator with a ferromagnetic circuit are compared at equal armature diameters and armature rotative speed. HG without ferromagnetic cuircuit of disk and cylinder types with hot and superconducting excitation winding are considered. Areas of the most reasonable removal of a ferromagnetic circuit in the HG layout are found. The plots of relationships between the e.m.f. and HG weight that permit to estimate the efficiency of ''nonferrite'' HG constructions are presented

Dynamic detection of spin accumulation in ferromagnet-semiconductor devices by ferromagnetic resonance (Conference Presentation)

Science.gov (United States)

Crowell, Paul A.; Liu, Changjiang; Patel, Sahil; Peterson, Tim; Geppert, Chad C.; Christie, Kevin; Stecklein, Gordon; Palmstrøm, Chris J.

2016-10-01

A distinguishing feature of spin accumulation in ferromagnet-semiconductor devices is its precession in a magnetic field. This is the basis for detection techniques such as the Hanle effect, but these approaches become ineffective as the spin lifetime in the semiconductor decreases. For this reason, no electrical Hanle measurement has been demonstrated in GaAs at room temperature. We show here that by forcing the magnetization in the ferromagnet to precess at resonance instead of relying only on the Larmor precession of the spin accumulation in the semiconductor, an electrically generated spin accumulation can be detected up to 300 K. The injection bias and temperature dependence of the measured spin signal agree with those obtained using traditional methods. We further show that this new approach enables a measurement of short spin lifetimes (C. Liu, S. J. Patel, T. A. Peterson, C. C. Geppert, K. D. Christie, C. J. Palmstrøm, and P. A. Crowell, "Dynamic detection of electron spin accumulation in ferromagnet-semiconductor devices by ferromagnetic resonance," Nature Communications 7, 10296 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10296

Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in granular multilayers of CoPd alloyed nanoparticles

Science.gov (United States)

Vivas, L. G.; Rubín, J.; Figueroa, A. I.; Bartolomé, F.; García, L. M.; Deranlot, C.; Petroff, F.; Ruiz, L.; González-Calbet, J. M.; Pascarelli, S.; Brookes, N. B.; Wilhelm, F.; Chorro, M.; Rogalev, A.; Bartolomé, J.

2016-05-01

Co-Pd multilayers obtained by Pd capping of pre-deposited Co nanoparticles on amorphous alumina are systematically studied by means of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, extended x-ray absorption fine structure, SQUID-based magnetometry, and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. The films are formed by CoPd alloyed nanoparticles self-organized across the layers, with the interspace between the nanoparticles filled by the non-alloyed Pd metal. The nanoparticles show atomic arrangements compatible with short-range chemical order of L 10 strucure type. The collective magnetic behavior is that of ferromagnetically coupled particles with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, irrespective of the amount of deposited Pd. For increasing temperature three magnetic phases are identified: hard ferromagnetic with strong coercive field, soft-ferromagnetic as in an amorphous asperomagnet, and superparamagnetic. Increasing the amount of Pd in the system leads to both magnetic hardness increment and higher transition temperatures. Magnetic total moments of 1.77(4) μB and 0.45(4) μB are found at Co and Pd sites, respectively, where the orbital moment of Co, 0.40(2) μB, is high, while that of Pd is negligible. The effective magnetic anisotropy is the largest in the capping metal series (Pd, Pt, W, Cu, Ag, Au), which is attributed to the interparticle interaction between de nanoparticles, in addition to the intraparticle anisotropy arising from hybridization between the 3 d -4 d bands associated to the Co and Pd chemical arrangement in a L 10 structure type.

Novel room temperature ferromagnetic semiconductors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gupta, Amita [KTH Royal Inst. of Technology, Stockholm (Sweden)

2004-06-01

Today's information world, bits of data are processed by semiconductor chips, and stored in the magnetic disk drives. But tomorrow's information technology may see magnetism (spin) and semiconductivity (charge) combined in one 'spintronic' device that exploits both charge and 'spin' to carry data (the best of two worlds). Spintronic devices such as spin valve transistors, spin light emitting diodes, non-volatile memory, logic devices, optical isolators and ultra-fast optical switches are some of the areas of interest for introducing the ferromagnetic properties at room temperature in a semiconductor to make it multifunctional. The potential advantages of such spintronic devices will be higher speed, greater efficiency, and better stability at a reduced power consumption. This Thesis contains two main topics: In-depth understanding of magnetism in Mn doped ZnO, and our search and identification of at least six new above room temperature ferromagnetic semiconductors. Both complex doped ZnO based new materials, as well as a number of nonoxides like phosphides, and sulfides suitably doped with Mn or Cu are shown to give rise to ferromagnetism above room temperature. Some of the highlights of this work are discovery of room temperature ferromagnetism in: (1) ZnO:Mn (paper in Nature Materials, Oct issue, 2003); (2) ZnO doped with Cu (containing no magnetic elements in it); (3) GaP doped with Cu (again containing no magnetic elements in it); (4) Enhancement of Magnetization by Cu co-doping in ZnO:Mn; (5) CdS doped with Mn, and a few others not reported in this thesis. We discuss in detail the first observation of ferromagnetism above room temperature in the form of powder, bulk pellets, in 2-3 mu-m thick transparent pulsed laser deposited films of the Mn (<4 at. percent) doped ZnO. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) spectra recorded from 2 to 200nm areas showed homogeneous

Spin-exchange interaction between transition metals and metalloids in soft-ferromagnetic metallic glasses

Science.gov (United States)

Das, Santanu; Choudhary, Kamal; Chernatynskiy, Aleksandr; Choi Yim, Haein; Bandyopadhyay, Asis K.; Mukherjee, Sundeep

2016-06-01

High-performance magnetic materials have immense industrial and scientific importance in wide-ranging electronic, electromechanical, and medical device technologies. Metallic glasses with a fully amorphous structure are particularly suited for advanced soft-magnetic applications. However, fundamental scientific understanding is lacking for the spin-exchange interaction between metal and metalloid atoms, which typically constitute a metallic glass. Using an integrated experimental and molecular dynamics approach, we demonstrate the mechanism of electron interaction between transition metals and metalloids. Spin-exchange interactions were investigated for a Fe-Co metallic glass system of composition [(Co1-x Fe x )0.75B0.2Si0.05]96Cr4. The saturation magnetization increased with higher Fe concentration, but the trend significantly deviated from simple rule of mixtures. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulation was used to identify the ferromagnetic/anti-ferromagnetic interaction between the transition metals and metalloids. The overlapping band-structure and density of states represent ‘Stoner type’ magnetization for the amorphous alloys in contrast to ‘Heisenberg type’ in crystalline iron. The enhancement of magnetization by increasing iron was attributed to the interaction between Fe 3d and B 2p bands, which was further validated by valence-band study.

Perfect GMR effect in gapped graphene-based ferromagnetic normal ferromagnetic junctions

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Hossein Karbaschi; Gholam Reza Rashedi

2015-01-01

We investigate the quantum transport property in gapped graphene-based ferromagnetic/normal/ferromagnetic (FG/NG/FG) junctions by using the Dirac–Bogoliubov–de Gennes equation. The graphene is fabricated on SiC and BN substrates separately, so carriers in FG/NG/FG structures are considered as massive relativistic particles. Transmission prob-ability, charge, and spin conductances are studied as a function of exchange energy of ferromagnets (h), size of graphene gap, and thickness of normal graphene region (L) respectively. Using the experimental values of Fermi energy in the normal graphene part (EFN∼400 meV) and energy gap in graphene (260 meV for SiC and 50 meV for BN substrate), it is shown that this structure can be used for both spin-up and spin-down polarized current. The latter case has different behavior of gapped FG/NG/FG from that of gapless FG/NG/FG structures. Also perfect charge giant magnetoresistance is observed in a range of EFN−mv2F

Non-ferromagnetic overburden casing

Science.gov (United States)

Vinegar, Harold J.; Harris, Christopher Kelvin; Mason, Stanley Leroy

2010-09-14

Systems, methods, and heaters for treating a subsurface formation are described herein. At least one system for electrically insulating an overburden portion of a heater wellbore is described. The system may include a heater wellbore located in a subsurface formation and an electrically insulating casing located in the overburden portion of the heater wellbore. The casing may include at least one non-ferromagnetic material such that ferromagnetic effects are inhibited in the casing.

Probing exotic magnetic phases and electrical transport in Cr-rich γ-NiFeCr alloys

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pal, Pampa [S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700098 (India); Majumdar, A.K., E-mail: akm@bose.res.in [S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700098 (India); Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda University, PO Belur Math, Howrah 711202 (India); Nigam, A.K. [Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005 (India)

2015-05-01